FEBRUARY 1993

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'The.\mazonisavery inhospimble place to take a computer. Its enormously hot- always in the 100 degree range. The humidity is a!\\'a)'s \vell up uear 100 percent. U often rains three and four times a day. And it's teeming with insects. Some- timc-s you'd have to hit a com- puter key a few times because you knew you were squashing a bug underneath. My Epson poruhle worked imder even adverse circumstance I can think of. Even after I dropped it in the river."

—Enviroimentalist Richard Fuller, N]% NY. Another reason Epson compidm are the only umy to p. For more injormaim, mil 800SUY-EPSOK

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VOLUME 15, NO. 2, ISSUE 149

FEBRUARY 1993

FEATURES 8

TEST LA6

Edited by Mike Hudnail

Ten great paint programs go

head to head.

40

THE ULTIMATE WINDOWS

MACHINE

By Dan Gookin

Here's a step-by-step guide

to finding the best PC for

Windows.

70

THE GREAT VIRUS SCARE

By Philip Chien What are viruses, and how dangerous are they, really?

78

PRODUCTIVin CHOICE

By William Harrel

IntelliDraw from Aldus.

84

ON YOUR OWN

By Rosalind Resnick When you go into business, you have to start with a plan.

COLUMNS

4 EDITORIAL LICENSE

By Clifton Karnes

What's new for Windows

in 1993-

32

NEWS & NOTES

By Jill Champion

Top computer news.

36

FEEDBACK

Answers to tough questions.

54

WINDOWS WORKSHOP

By Clifton Karnes

The Irwin AccuTrak Plus

tape backup system.

56

TIPS & TOOLS

Edited by Richard C. Leinecker Tips from our readers.

Creative and digital photo illustration by Nexvisions

60

HARDWARE CLINIC

By Mark Minasi

Interrupts made easy.

64

INTRODOS

By Tony Roberts

Use undocumented

commands to format

your disks.

66

PROGRAMMING POWER

By Tom Campbel! Programming with FoxPro.

68

SKAREPAK

By Steve Draper Shareware treasures.

80

ART WORKS

By Robert Bixby Electronic imaging.

90

PERSONAL PRODUCTIVin

By Daniel Janal

The lowdown on warranties

and service contracts.

94

MULTIMEDIA PC

By David English Cut and paste video movies.

144

NEWS BITS

By Clifton Karnes, David

English, and Robert Bixby

COMDEX show report.

ENTERTAINMENT 92

DISCOVERY CHOICE

By David Sears

Time Riders from The

Learning Company.

96

ENTERTAINMENT CHOICE

By Alfred C. Giovetti

Out of This World from

Interplay.

98

GAMEPLAY

By Paul O Schuytema

The greatest modem

games.

100

VIRTUAL REALITY

By Jeffrey Hsu

Reality — what a concept!

The latest news from the

world of pure imagination.

REVIEWS

106

Hands-on evaluations of the

latest PC hardware and

software, including

LotusWorks 3.0,

C. Itoh CI-8E,

Heaven & Earth,

Logitech Trackman,

Megahertz T396FM,

SimCity for Windows,

Calculus EZ-FAXit,

Composer Quest,

Computer Check

Ordering Kit,

Kodak Diconix 180si,

Flashdrive 25,

RoboSport for Windows,

Honeywell Opto-

Mechanical,

Quest for Glory I,

and TEMPEST

TREASURE HUNT

See page 49.

ADVERTISERS INDEX

See page 121.

COMPUTE (ISSN 0194-357X) is published monthly in itie United States and Canada by COMPUTE Publications International Ltd., 1965 Broadway. N©w York, NY 10023-5965. Vofum© 15.

Number 2, Issue 149. Copyright © 1992 by COMPUTE Publications International Ud. All rights reserved. COMPUTE is a registered trademark of COMPUTE Publications International Ltd. Printed in the USA by R, R. Donneliey & Sons Inc. and distributed worldwide (except Australia and the UK) by Curtis Circulation Company, PO Box 9102. Pennsauken. NJ 08109. Distributed in Australia by The Horwitz Group, PO Box 306, Camrreray NSW 2062 Australia and m the UK by Northern and Shell Pic . PO. Box 381, Millhart>our. London E14 9TW. Second-class postage paid at New York. NY, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: St nd address changes to COMPUTE Magazine, PO. Box 3245, Harlan. lA 51537-3041. Tel. (600) 727-6937. Entire contents copyrighted. All rights reserved. Nothing may be reproduced in whole or m part without written permission from the publisher, Subscriptions: US. AFO - $19 94 one year; Canada and elsewhere -$25.94 one year, Single copies S2.95 in US. The publisher disclaims all responsibility to return unsolicited matter, and all rights in portions published thereof remain the sole prooerty of COMPUTE Publications International Ltd. Letters sent to COMPUTE or its editors become the property of the magazine. Editorial offices are located at 324 W, Vtendover Ave, Ste 200, Greensboro. NC 27408. Tel. (919) 275-9309.

2 COMPUTE FESRUARr 1993

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And that's only the beginning. There's a high-performance CD- ROM drive that surpasses MFC specifications. Plus a FREE library of CDs that will open your FC to all the possibihties of multimedia computing. Over $3,000 worth of the hottest CD titles for multi- media authoring and enhanced education, entertainment^ and

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The Sound Blaster Multimedia Upgrade Kit At only $799! To find out more, visit your computer retailer or call Creative Labs at 1^800-998-LABS.

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Circle Reader Service Number 125

CRIi: TIVE

CREATIVE LABS,

EDITORIAL LICENSE

Clifton Karnes

*he Windows Developers Conference, held this past October in Santa Clara, California, showed the shape of Windows to come. As you may already know, Windows is fast becom- ing a family of products that share a common core of fea- tures and functions, and that idea was one of the focuses of the conference.

In Microsoft's recent ads. you see what looks like three interconnected cough drops, each representing a member of the Windows family. The first family member is Win- dows 3.1, the next is Win- dows for Workgroups, and If Windows is in the last is Windows NT. And your future, youVe probably heard about it pays to know other flavors of Windows, SOmetiirns too— like Modular Windows, about tlie future Win32s, and OLE 2.0— and Of Windows, wondered where these fit in the family tree.

First, Windows 3-1 is the most recent version of the op- erating system that's gaining popularity now. It was re- leased last spring and Is be- coming the interface of choice for the majority of PC users— including COMPUTERS readers.

Windows for Workgroups is a superset of Windows 3.1 that was released last Octo- ber. In addition to ail of 3.1's features. WFW adds exten- sions for working with other Windows users over a net- work. It also adds improved versionsof 3.1 s File Manager and Clipboard plus new pro- grams that offer scheduling, mail, and file sharing.

Both Windows 3,1 and WFW are 16-bit versions of Windows. With the exception of one 32-bit magic trick, both operating systems move data 16 bits at a time even on the latest 486 screamer.

Windows NT, however, is a full 32-bit operating system with tons of features to make it lightning fast and network-

COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

ready. With networking built in, Windows NT has some- thing in common with WFW.

As I mentioned earlier, both Windows 3.1 and WFW are 16-bit operating systems, but a special trick lets these environments run some 32'bit code in the form of virtual de- vice drivers, or VxDs.

Microsoft has taken advan- tage of this feature to create Win32s. Win32s is a subset of Windows NT that will run on Windows 3.1 or WFW using 32-bit VxDS. This gives devel- opers and users a chance to take advantage of a measure of NT-style 32-bit computing

but in Windows 3.1 or WFW.

Modular Windows is simply a subset of Windows 3.1 that's burned in ROM so that it can be used with home vid- eo systems or personal digital assistants. Modular Windows is the foundation of Tandy's new V!S home entertainment system.

This Windows family has a common interface and down- ward compatibility, and soon, all members (except perhaps Modular Windows) will have something else in common: OLE 2.0.

One of the most exciting things at the Developers Con- ference was Microsoft's an-

nouncement of OLE 2.0, a way of creating compound documents that will be a part of the common interface of Windows 3.1, WFW, Win32s, and Windows NT.

Windows 3.1 supports OLE 1.0, so you may already have an idea of what OLE's about. OLE makes it possible to cre- ate documents that contain parts of other documents. For example, a word processor file might contain a section of a spreadsheet, an illustration from a draw program (for the company's logo, for exam- ple), and a photograph in the form of a bitmap. With OLE 1.0, you can combine these el- ements into a compound doc- ument and, by double-click- ing on an OLE element, call the object's creator with the ob- ject loaded and ready to edit.

OLE 2.0, however, takes this one major step further. When you double-click on an OLE object, your host applica- tion becomes the creator.

Let's assume you have a graphic created with Co- relDRAW! that's embedded in- side a Word for Windows word processor document. If you double-click on the Corel graphic, Word for Windows be- comes CorelDRAW!, The menu bar changes to Corel's menu bar, and Corel's tool pal- ette pops onto your screen. You can edit the Corel graph- ic without thinking twice about it.

The second major new ben- efit of OLE 2.0 is that you can create compound documents by dragging objects from one application to another.

That's the rundov*/n on the Windows family and one of the most interesting aspects of its common interface — OLE 2.0. Stay tuned to COMPUTE in 1993 for more details on these exciting Windows devel- opments and for how-to help in making them useful and pro- ductive for you. a

Introducing the Macintosh for every member of the family

The new Apple" Macintosh Performa^family of per- sonal computers is especially designed for your family The\^ re flexible enou^i to mn the

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TEST LAB

Edited by Mike Hudnall

W1 ith a remarkable array of Mnput options and power- ful tools, today's paint pro- grams make it easier than ever to harness your creative en- ergies, transforming your artistic vi- sion into an attractive finished prod- uct, perhaps even a work of art.

This month's Test Lab focuses on five DOS packages and five Windows packages that range in price from $129 to $795.

Some of these packages clear- ly target beginners and casual dabblers, while others offer the power and features demanded by professionals. Some of these paint programs have been around for a while, and if you're pleased with the features in the latest version of one of them, you may decide to stick with it be- cause it's familiar On the other hand, if you feel youVe outgrown your present paint program, there's plenty of information here to help you choose an abler one.

Input options will figure high on many people's lists, and seven of these programs offer scanner sup- port. Image-In Scan & Paint 3.1 works with Kodak PhotoCD imag- es and printers, and six of the pro- grams offer screen capture capa- bilities. Because a mouse doesn't offer the precision many artists look for. you'll find support for sty- luses and tablets with some of the packages.

Support for various file for- mats— images you can import from or export to the applications you use on a regular basis^may also affect your choice. Take a look at the grid of paint program features to see just which formats a particular package supports.

The tools you'll use to modify images or create your works of art may well be your primary con- sideration in choosing a paint pro- gram. Some of them are pretty amazing. One offers a custom brush tool, another helps you paint in the style of Van Gogh, and still another includes sophis-

8 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

floated photo-retouching tools. Here, too, the features grid as- sists by presenting information about paint tools, special effects, filter functions, image control, and more.

Keep in mind, however, that these programs sometimes differ in their terminology and ap- proach so much that it's difficult to draw comparisons. For a more detailed look at how each pro- gram works and what the partic- ular strengths of a program are, look to the reviews. Here you'll also find valuable information about documentation, ease of use, add-ins, and other matters that can't be covered adequately in a list of features.

Pay careful attention to the hard- ware requirements for these paint packages. As hardware has become more powerful and so- phisticated, system requirements have also increased. Memory re- quirements in our lineup vary from 51 2K ail the way to a whop- ping GMB, and the manufacturers recommend even more. The min- imum of disk space required var- ies from 2.5MB to 10MB, and you'll need a 24-bit video adapt- er and high-resolution monitor if you want to display the 16.7 mil- lion colors that six of these paint packages let you use. Make sure that your video adapter is support- ed by the package you want. Also, many of these programs rec-

Aldus PhotoStyler 1.1 IBM PC or compatible (B03B8 campatliiie), 2MB RAM (4MB feGommendedK any Wlndows- compatlDle adapter (high- resolution 256-GOior or 24-bfl adapter reoommended), hard drive with 4MB free (80MB hard drive reoammendedK Windows 3 J or higher, mouse— $795

ALDUS

411 First Ave. S Seattle, WA 88104-2871 (206) 628-2320

ommend at least a 386 micropro- cessor, and there's no doubt that a 486 system will speed the per- formance of Windows apps. In fact, these sophisticated paint packages may offer you just the ex- cuse you've been looking for to up- grade to a more powerful system.

Finally, while both paint pro- grams and draw programs come under the larger rubric of illustra- tion software, there are some im- portant differences to consider be- fore you buy. As managing editor David English pointed out in his introduction to the Test Lab on draw software (September 1992). "Paint programs are your best choice if you work with scanners and photorealistic images. Draw programs are best if the form of the image is more complex than its color or if you plan to print at high resolutions."

Whatever your artistic aspira- tions and requirements. Test Lab can help you understand this soft- ware category and make a more informed buying decision.

MIKE HUDNALL

ALDUS PHOTOSTYLER 1.1

Remember the excitement of opening a birthday or holiday package containing an art set? Few gifts brighten a child's face so much. Aldus PhotoStyier 1 , 1 is

a powerful art set for your com- puter; paints, pencils, and tools of all kinds give you incredible con- trol over any kind of artwork. You can create images from scratch, or you can start with scanned im- ages and modify as you please.

The programming artists who assembled this package have left no milieu unexplored. As a tool for creating artwork, Photo- Styier works well, and it's superb- ly suited for modifying and enhanc- ing existing electronic images such as scanned photographs.

Back to the drawing board: Pho- toStyler's array of paint tools may seem unremarkable on the sur- face, but when you explore the customization possibilities for each tool, you realize what splen- did tools they are. For example, in addition to choosing the shape of your paintbrush, you can select the rate of the flow of the paint and the transparency of the paint. Also, when painting over previously painted areas, you can choose to have the paint applied only to areas that are light- er or darker than the paint color. Options also permit you to Isolate and change only the hue, color, or brightness components of the underlying pixels.

One of PhotoStyler's finest fea- tures is the Magic Wand color se- lection tool. When you click on a pixel with the Magic Wand, that pix- el and all adjoining pixels of a sim- ilar color are selected. This is a speedy way to select large areas- such as the background— of a pic- ture for recoloring. Besides its abii- ity to repaint images, PhotcStyler has a full set of color correction and enhancement tools that pro- vide control over either the whole image or selected regions.

PhotoStyler offers an array of fil- ters designed to help you enhance your artwork in various ways. With these filters, you can sharpen, sof- ten, blur, or emboss your image. You can add a ripple effect or a whirlpool effect. And with the fil- ters, as with miost options in Pho- toStyler, the tools are available for

PhotoStyfcf

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you to define your own effect.

PhotoStyler has sophisticated options for combining and merg- ing images, making the program one of the most complete image manipulation tools around. The program can read almost any stan- dard graphics fiie format and in- cludes driver software for a hand- ful of scanners, but the popular hand-held models are not includ- ed. Nevertheless, PhotoStyler will have no trouble reading and modifying images once they're captured through the scanner maker's proprietary software.

With so many options and pos- sibilities, PhotoStyler can seem overwhelming. The documenta- tion, however, wili put you at ease. In typical Aldus fashion, a fine tutoriai in the Getting Started book helps you clear the initial hur- dles. The reference manual includes detailed explanations of the hows and whys of image manipulation. Keep the book at hand, however, because the online reference fails a little flat compared to the help services provided in other Aldus software.

Despite its down-to-earth doc- umentation, PhotoStyler has too much horsepower for anyone who just wants to do a little com- puter-aided painting. PhotoStyler

is designed to handle the prob- lems of a sophisticated user, and it won't disappoint even the most demanding professional.

TONY ROBERTS

Circle Reader Service Number 371

COLORWORKS 1.0

If you want real power in DOS im- age processing with the ability to professionally create, edit, merge, and process black-and- white and color images with over 450 separate tools for drawing, im- age editing, and applying special effects, then ColorWorks 1.0 from SPG could very well be for you.

Instead of an expensive Win- dows-compatible program cost- ing hundreds of dollars, SPG of- fers a DOS package for only $149 retail that still provides al! the power of many high-end pro- grams. This is a power program meant for serious image manipu- lation. While it lacks some of the polish and glitter of Windows ap- plications, it compensates by sup- plying you with greater flexibility.

Giving up the Windows inter- face means that you have added power and speed. For example, all of the drawing tools in Color- Works are completely configura-

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE 9

TEST LAB

ble on the fly. This means you have the option of configuring and reconfiguring the tools while you edit images, selecting the brush stroke, color, pattern, spe- cial effect, or combination of effects you want a too! to use as many times as you like while work- ing on a drawing.

And there are plenty of tools available for reconfiguring. The 13 basic drawing tools include line, free draw, rectangle, triangle, par- allelogram, ellipse, curve, fill font, circle, polygon, a zoom/edit pixel editor, and a cut-and-paste tool. The ColorWorks cut-and-paste tool allows you to rotate, paint/ drag, scale, stretch/shrink, flip, cut. copy, image-merge, and superim- pose an area of your screen im- age (called the canvas).

Want more flexibility? Whenev- er you load a file in ColorWorks, the cut-and-paste tool is active. Thus, you can apply the effects described above before position- ing and pasting your loaded images where you want them on the canvas. And the program allows an unlimited number of images onscreen at the same time for editing and creating unique pieces of work.

Several of the major graphics file formats find support in this pro- gram: BMP, TIF. PCX, Targa, and ColorWorks' own SPG image file formats. I like the SPG format be- cause it allows you to save imag- es with various irregular shapes

10

COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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and areas defined as transpar- ent. When you reload these imag- es onto your canvas, the transpar- ent areas are see-through. Using ColorWorks, you could, in effect, create a library of clip art contain- ing only the images and no back- grounds— just like having a sup- ply of electronic decals to slap on whatever images you wished.

ColorWorks also lets you cre- ate black-and-white and color EPS files. The 23 special-effect functions include undo, reflec- tion, grid, blend, graduation, dupe, cycle draw, antialiasing (gives smooth edges to lines, curves, circles, and fonts), shade, tint, color strip, tile, sharpen, shear, negative, filter (over 30 fil- ters included), redo. RGB guard, and RGB swap. ColorWorks also

includes powerful shape- and col- or-masking functions.

All special effects include pre- cise controls for their application to your canvas. You get printer support through several black- and-white and color print drivers, including PostScript.

An exceptionally powerful paint and image-editing pro- gram, ColorWorks worked well ex- cept on my 486 with the 8514 vid- eo adapter, since that display is not yet supported. I recommend ColorWorks to those who need flexible and powerful image ma- nipulation beyond what the Win- dows applications offer. If you find yourself in that group and you're willing to put forth the ex- tra effort to learn a program with a number of options and plenty of flexibility, then ColorWorks is an excellent choice.

RALPH ROBERTS

Circle Reader Service Number 372

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TEST LAB

DELUXEPAINT II ENHANCED

I still feel nostalgic for my first car, a beige and black 1966 Plymouth Fury V8 convertible that was show- ing its age in 1972 but could pass those upstart little imports like they were standing still. I feel the same affection for Dan Silva's original DeluxePaint, the first piece of software 1 ever bought. The Plymouth has long since gone to auto heaven, but De- luxePaint, now in its seventh year and cailed DeluxePaint II En- hanced, is still around and still fast- er than most of the competition. Though I've tried just about eve- ry paint program in the world, I still turn to DeluxePaint when I want to get a job done quickly.

Like most paint programs to- day (many of which have copied DeluxePaint's tool set), this pro- gram offers a wide variety of icon- based painting tools in a bar down the side of the screen. These tools inciude a color pal- ette and the usual line and shape makers. YouH also find area fill; a versatile, resizable airbrush; a magnifying glass; a text tool; a grid for exact alignment; and a mir- roring feature.

Pull-down menus along the top of the screen offer file-handling and screen mode controls (you can switch screen modes on the fly); brush options such as flip,

12 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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rotate, distort, and bend; and such painterly effects as smear, blend, and smooth. The pro- gram's comprehensive palette controls allow you to mix all of VGA's 256 colors; there's also a spare screen for thumbnail sketch- es and the ability to create pic- tures larger than the screen. Eve- rything about DeluxePaint's inter- face is well designed and easy to understand.

The secret to DeluxePaint's speed and power is its custom brush tool Using the custom brush tool, all that you have to do is draw a box around any part of your work, and it becomes a brush. You can draw with it, erase it, resize it, stretch it, rotate it, warp it, skew it, change its colors, make it partially transparent, out- line it, and more.

Custom brushes can be used

in conjunction with most of the oth- er tools, too, so you can create effects that no other paint pro- gram can achieve. For example, you can actually use a face to draw a circle. You can't really understand how much time the custom brush feature will save you until you try it for yourself.

The other DeluxePaint feature that I find truly unique is perspec- tive (one of the program's image- control tools). This is a complex but powerful system that allows you to tilt any brush or screen to create the illusion of spatial depth. Once you master the intri- cacies of manipulating a brush's X-, y-, and z-coordinates with the numeric keypad, you can do tricks like designing rooms that ex- tend back into infinity or wrap- ping labels around boxes.

There are plenty of features that artists want but DeluxePaint doesn't have, and probably never will. These include the ability to ed- it 16- and 24-bit images; the in- clusion of photo-retouching tools like contrast and gamma correc- tion; and support for Super VGA, expanded memory and Windows. What DeluxePaint II Enhanced does offer is a fast, elegant, time- tested, and powerful system for painting images onscreen.

STEVEN ANZOVIN

Circle Reader Service Number 373

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really cost me. Xotr I knoir better. The Data Poti 14.4 Data/Fax Modem gives me real value; even puts mouey iu my pocket!"

Now I Know Better.''

THE NEW AT&T DATAPORr' 14.4/FAXMODEM

Introducing the powerful robust V.32bis DataPort 14.4/Fax Moduni. It pays for itself by significantly reducing your long distance costs— and features fax capability, too! For IBM FC/AT/KT and Macintosh, it:

• Sends /receives text, data, and images

• Links PCs to PCs. tax machines, and mainframes an\TV'here in the world

• Transfers data files: exchatiges images with fax machines

• Accesses E-mail, bulletin boards, and information sen' ices

mmiLlNG, AND PAYS FOR ITSELF

Its all in the technique. The DataPon 14.4/Fax Modem features AT&Ts exclusive, new Optical pboiie Line Interface (Oil I pat. pending: and \',j2bis dala conij^ression and error correclion. \l excels in performance, especially on extremely weak "real worid" lines!

This faster transmission, with effecth'e throughput of up to 5T'.6()0 bps. significantly reduces your long distance costs. And it improves your productivity— no more waiting for your screen to refresh: no standing in line to send faxes.

YOU INHERIT AT&T VALUE

Designed by \TikT Bell Labs and ATl^T Paradyne with l.Uiilt-in reliability and the industiy's widest compatibility — tested and proven. And only ATikT gives you a lifetime warranty and toll-free technical support for as long as you own your DataPort family product!

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¥rom just S4l5 suggested retail! 5 models to meet your exact needs for price, speed, features, and func- tions: the DnlaPori 1 4.4, Fax Modem and DataPort 9-6/Fax Modem, in standalone and PC-internal c;uxl models: and the DataPort \\a Modem standalone.

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TEST LAB

DR. HALO IV PAINT AND IMAGING PAK

Dr Halo is without a doubt one of tlie best-known names in PC paint- ing. Around since 1984, this pro- gram boasts nearly 3 million users. It's a workhorse for many users who own no other graphics soft- ware, and now Dr. Halo has been released in a new version, Dr. Ha- lo IV Paint and Imaging Pak.

There's plenty that's useful about Dr. Halo IV Paint and Imag- ing Pak. The package now in- cludes five programs: the paint program Dr. Halo itself, which looks very much like the previous versions; the Viewer, a display and file conversion utility that gives Dr. Halo access to more im- age file formats than before; the Font Editor, which allows you to redesign bitmapped fonts to your specifications; the Grab util- ity, a screen-grabbing program; and Presents, a slide-show pro- gram for Dr, Halo images.

With its own conventions, icons, and ways of working, Dr Halo, the core of the package, differs from other paint programs. For exam- ple, you choose tools and options entirely from dozens of icons— there are no drop-down menus —

Dr. Halo IV Paint and Imaging Pak IBM PC or compatible (S03B6 compatible recommended); 640K RAM (2MB extended or expanded memory (or the Viewer); CGA, EGA, VGA, or SVGA; hard drive with 1MB free (3MB to install all programs); mouse recommended— Si 40

MEDIA CYBERNETICS B484 Georgia Ave. Silver Spring, MD 20910 (BOO) g92-HAL0 (301) W5-330S

but the meaning of some of the icons isn't always obvious. Even such a simple function as color selection didn't work quite as I expected it to. To change the paint- ing color, you first have to select the pencil tool. Luckily, the manu- al is clear and includes some basic tutorials, but you'll still need to experiment until you're sure what each tool does.

Dr. Halo performs most of the usual paint program operations, such as drawing lines and cir- cles, filling with colors, and select- ing areas for block operations like flip and rotate — and it does them fast. You won't find some of the program's unusual options in

a™ .Mum.

14 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

other paint programs, such as the ability to automatically draw a rep- resentation of a 3-D box.

However, Dr. Halo also has some odd omissions, at least by today's standards for paint pro- grams. For example, there are no brushes in different shapes, and you have access to only four line thicknesses.

The other program in the Dr, Halo package that you'll use often is the Viewer. The Viewer not only converts file formats to and from Dr, Halo's own CUT for- mat but also performs some basic image processing. You can crop, merge, and adjust the col- ors of TIF, BMP. and PCX imag- es. Unfortunately, you can't jump directly from Dr Halo to the View- er or to any of the three other pro- grams (except for Grab, which is a TSR).

Should Dr. Halo IV be your first paint program? Probably not. The program's cryptic, quirky interface and lack of integration between modules make it unnecessarily hard for paint novices to master. But if you're one of those 3 million Dr. Halo users who feel comforta- ble with the program's idiosyncra- sies and occasiona! oversights, then Dr. Halo IV Paint and Imag- ing Pak is a real bargain. It greatly extends the original capabilities of Dr. Halo while retaining this clas- sic's speed and power.

STEVEN ANZOVIN

Circie Reader Service Number 374

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Yonr Sound W Flays More TIan (lames.

Create Songs on Your Sound Card with MusicTime.

Whatever your musical

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own breathy love songs,

foot-tapping jazz or

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and either a sound card

or a MIDI instrument,

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music on your PC.

Bring Your Music to life.

Use your mouse to chck musical notes and symbols onto a staff sheet. If you've got a Miracle" or MIDI key- board, MusicTime will record and transcribe your live perfarmance into music notation in real time — right before your eyesl Easy to Play Back, Edit and Print. Play back instantly through your sound card or MIDI gear. Editing is easy with MusicTime's cut, copy and paste commands. Automatically transpose notes into any key. Add guitar chords. Write beautiful lyrics. Print out publishing-quality sheet music.

MusicTime couldn't be easier to use.

Windows, Mac and MIDI Compatible.

MusicTime is available for PC's with Windows"* or the Macintosh? and is

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For your copy of MusicTime, call Passport or visit

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Passport MusicTJine is a (raden^ark of Passport Designs. !nc AH o^ftsr producis and brands are (rademarks or regtsteied Irademarks of their fespective hoWers. Circle Reader Service Number 273

TEST LAB

FRACTAL DESIGN PAINTER 1.2 FOR WINDOWS

The woods are full of paint and draw programs, but if you have ar- tistic talent and seek an exception- al program, Fractal Design Paint- er 1.2 for Windows may be just what you're looking for. The scope and options are extraordinary.

Never mind the usual toolbox — rotate and grab and fill and the usu- al. Painter has those, but they're triv- ial in the face of the program's other features. When you create an image, the brush palette offers the options of an airbrush, a brush, pencils, chalk, charcoal, felt pens, crayons, and special brushes. You even have the option of painting in the style of Van Gogh or Seurat. Each of these op- tions has variants; for example, the brush can be a hairy brush, grad- uated brush, water brush, watercol- or brush, or Japanese brush. With each of these, you can adjust the size and angle of the brush tip and make the edges of the stroke flat or soft or intermediate.

Fractal Design Painter 1.2 for Windows

IBM PC or compatibie (80386 Gomnatibie), SNIB RAM (8MB recommended), SVGA, bard drive, Windows 3J or higber; supports math coprocessor, mouse, and Wacom and Calcomp tablets— $399

FRACTAL DESIGN 335 Spreckels Dr. AptOS, CA 95003 (408) 688-8800

Not content with that variety, the developers created an array of ap- plication methods potentially bewil- dering to the novice. You can choose among such options as grainy edge flat buildup, grainy hard, wet, soft buildup, and more. Further, you can select the depth of penetration into the paper of your palette and the concentration of the color. In the watercolor vari- ants, if you don't like what you've produced, you can wet the brush and soften it. For other effects, you can create a frisket, which is a mask to shield certain areas dur- ing painting or retouching.

Fradftt Design Palmer 1.2

£itc L^il Qptinrkf. WJnilows Qrush Slrakc [\rAp

16 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

The color palette offers 15 col- or families, which differ according to the selected brush, just as the colors available for pastel differ from those for oils. You can alter these default colors in their hue, saturation, and value.

And there's more. You have the option of viewing your finished art- istry in a different mode. If you've painted in watercolor, you can clone it in oil, or you can see it a la Van Gogh or Seurat. Artists might well find the mouse a poor substitute for a paintbrush. Paint- er recognizes this and provides support for such equipment as the Wacom pressure-sensitive stylus.

The program is rather slow on a 16-MHz 386SX with 8MB of RAM, And Painter consumes plen- ty of RAM and disk space. While it requires only 2.5MB of free disk space for installation, Fractal De- sign recommends 20MB for creat- ing images. I wish the program included more extensive documen- tation. The user's guide includes no sample images, and no true tutorials are provided.

Though I'm not a fine artist and though I lack access to a color print- er, I was nonetheless most im- pressed with Painter as an excep- tional program, striking in the depth and breadth of its potential for creative artistry. If you are a fine artist or have aspirations in that direction, Painter deserves your attention.

CHARLES IDOL

Circle Reader Service Mumber 375

1fou can get your feet wet, or plumb unimaginable depths.

In a way, its a lot like CompuServe, CompuSene members who join for the basics quickly discover an ocean of opportunity. Like at- home shopping, financial data, travel information and reservations, entertainment, and free time to sharpen their online skills.

Computer professionals who join to access a wealth of high-tech expertise find much more. Like sophisticated research tools, hardware and software support forums, and lots of free software and share- ware. In fact, no other information service offers the ntimber and quality of choices that CompuServe does.

Now, for just $7,95 a month, and a one-time membership fee, you get all the basics as often as you like: news, sports, weather, shopping, a com- plete encyclopedia, and much more, plus up to 60 E-mail messages a month. And, there are lots of other valuable services available on a nominal pay- as-you-use basis.

To make the right choice in selecting an inter- active service, pick the one that will always help you get the most out of your computer. For more infor- mation or to order CompuServe, see your computer dealer or call 1 800 848 8199. Outside the United States, call 614 457-0802,

CompuServe"

The information service you w^on't outgrov*^.

circle Reader Servi^ Humber 108

TEST LAB

I

IMAGE-IN

SCAN & PAINT

MAKE GBEAT COLOB IMAGES*

. ^'"^ *"°„^rc:.ir*-?- '

mu

IMAGE-IN SCAN & PAINT 3.1

Given the remarkable progress in personal computer graphics over the last couple of years and the impressive crop of draw and paint programs to choose from, you should carefully consider just what you want to do with such a program. Image-In Scan & Paint 3.1 has much to offer, including the ability to import Kodak PhotoCD images.

The program takes good advan- tage of Windows 3.1's features, and it's perceptibly faster than oth- er image-editing software running under Windows, When you cre- ate an image, you can choose col- on gray-scale, or bilevel (black- and-white); if you change your mind later, it's possible to convert from one type to another. The pro- gram's toolbox offers a wide range of tools. Shape and thick- ness options are available wheth- er you're using a pen, a brush, or an airbrush. You can create lines, open or closed Bezier curves, rectangles, circles, or el- lipses. There's also a text capa- bility, with more than 20 fonts pro- vided. For convenience, the right mouse button provides fast ac- cess to the options for each tool.

When you're ready to edit, a pointer tool lets you select an ar- ea of the image in the shape of

18 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Image-En Scan & Patnt 3.1 IBM PC or compatible (80386 compatible), 2MB RAM (4MB recommended), any Windows- compatible adapter (VGA or SV6A recommended), hard drive with 6MB tree« Windows 3.0 or higher; pressure-sensitive tablet recommended— $149

IMAGE-IN 400 E. 7Bth St. Minneapolis, MN 55420 (800) 345-3540 (612) 888-3033

a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, or a free form. Once you've defined an area, you may choose to have your modifica- tions apply to that area or to the rest of the Image. Fill and eyedrop- per tools help you make color mod- ifications. For effects, you can fil- ter the image to sharpen it or blur it- Images can be manipulated with the flip, rotate, and stretch/ shrink commands; and adjust- ments can be made for bright- ness, contrast, and color balance. You have your choice of 1 1 for- mats, including the popular TIF, PCX, and EPS, for saving your work and for exporting to other ap-

plications. For conservation of disk space, the TIF format offers a compressed mode. Those same formats are also supported in importing images. With very lit- tle difficulty, I imported a gray- scale image produced by a hand scanner, converted it to RGB, and tinted areas to pro- duce an acceptable color image.

Scan & Paint provides direct support for a large number of scanners. When you set up the program, you can install the driver for your scanner and later call the scanner from the toolbox. The scanned image is brought directly into the program, where you may modify and edit it as you choose. The program also provides sup- port for loading Kodak PhotoCD im- ages and for fast printing to the Kodak XLT7720 series printers.

Regrettably, the documenta- tion is in the form of a reference guide rather than a user's guide, with no tutorials provided. It re- quires a fair amount of digging on the part of the new user to discov- er just what the program offers. Still, power and a modest price make Scan & Paint a program that many consumers will want to consider.

CHARLES IDOL

Cfrcle Reader Service Number 376

We created our new line of laser printers under very strict guidelines.

Introducing Star's LS-5 series of laser printers.

When we set out to create our new laser printers, we were bound by the same standards that enabled our dot-matrix and ink-jet printers to garner so many industry awards.

Our mission was to produce a line of lasers that pos- sessed the very same attributes: superb print quality unsur- passed compatibility and excellent paper handling.

The result is a family of laser printers of uncompromis- ing quality yet outstanding value.

Introducing the Star LS-5, LS-5EX and LS 5TT. The LS-^S series has all the features you'd expect from a high-end printer: dual-bin printing, which allows you to use two types of paper; a maintenance-free, high-definition one-piece

TTueTVpc is a irademark of Apple Computer, Inc windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

toner/drum cartridge for blacker blacks and more striking

detail; and 15 scalable TVueiype™ fonts for Windows™ 3. L Plus, the added assurance of Star's TWo Year Warranty With so many features at such an affordable price, you're sure to be hearing a lot about the LS-5. And judging by our past successes, reading about it, too. For a brochure or your nearest Star dealer, call 1-800-447-4700. To have additional product information sent to you by fax,

572^04. BUtlT fVm SPgMO

arcle FTeeddr Servlc6 Number 203

THE LASER PRINTERS

TEST LAB

ZSoft

PC PAINTBRUSH 5+

At its modest price. PC Paint- brush 5+ can be a good value, depending on your needs.

When compared to some simi- larly priced Windows products (or even Windows Paintbrush, which is free), this old DOS performer seems a little long in the tooth. It lacks 24-bit color support and sup- ports a limited number of file for- mats (PCX, compressed and un- compressed TIF, and GIF), so it's not really conducive to full-color image editing. If you don't run Win- dows and need a good mono- tone and gray-scale image edi- tor, however, this is a good start.

Where Paintbrush really excels is in its extensive scanner sup- port. Since ZSoft has been build- ing scanner drivers for a long time, the program is a strong scan- ner interface. Scanning black- and-white and gray-scale images with my ScanJet He, I got excel- lent results. Paintbrush didn't han- dle the scanner's 24-bit color ca- pabilities well, however. There is also strong printer and graphics adapter support, which is not found in many other products in this price range. Literally hun- dreds of VGA and SVGA boards are supported by Paintbrush.

Paintbrush comes with an extensive array of image-editing tools, including some found in ZSoft's higher-end image-editing packages, such as PhotoFinish. In fact, if youVe familiar with Pho- toFinish or Publisher's Paint-

20 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

PC PaintbTush 5-k tBM PC or compatible; 640K RAM (an aitdmonai 2UK disk cacEie recommended); Hercules, CGA, EGA, V6A, EVGA, SVGA; hard drive wltfi 3MB free; drawing device--ST49

ZSOFT

450 Franhim Rd., Ste. TOO Marietta, Georgia 30067 {800] 444-4780 (404) 428-0008

brush, you'll notice some similari- ties. Tool and filter names are the same, as are the color and brush width palettes. Especially impres- sive is the Magic Wand, which automatically selects objects of the same color. With this tool you can recolor multiple objects eas- ily. I used it to make all the clouds in a sky scene grayer and more foreboding.

In all. the program comes with over 20 paint and retouch tools and some sophisticated special effects, such as emboss, mosa- ic, and motion blur. Automatic fil-

ters-—sharpen, smear, smudge, spot removal, and others — allow you to work on selected portions or the entire image at once.

Paintbrush runs on systems with 640K RAM; it uses empty disk space as virtual memory to hold large images. However, un- til I did some reconfiguring, elim- inating several device drivers, I got a lot of out-of-memory errors. The worst part is that as often as not the system locked up, forcing me to reboot. This program is cer- tainly not for power users with nu- merous TSRs. And it's certainly not for Windows users, who can find more power and a prettier in- terface somewhere else.

When I started working with computer graphics several years ago, Paintbrush was my first bitmap editor and scanning soft- ware. And it served me well for quite a while. This is an excellent program for beginners. You should not consider it, however, if you plan to do a lot of photo- graph editing, especially color.

WILLIAM D. HARREL

Circle Reader S«rvice Number 377

PC Paintbrush 5* wr 1.0

lie Edit DispltK) Font tffctits Option

^T"

lalch your computing capabilities soar with the new Amiga® 4000 and 1200.

Save up to $1,500* on the A4000, including DeluxePaint® IV AGA and Art Department Professional® software. Sa\^e up to S440* on the new A 1200, including DeluxePaint IV AGA and Final Copy-^ 13 word processing so ftw^are.

Both computers feature the Advanced Graphics Architecture^" that lets you display and animate graphics from a palette of 16.8 million colors. You also get a 24~hour Helpline and optional on-site service** This offer | is only good from Januar)^ 1, 1993 through March 31, 1993. So take off for your Amiga dealer today. Or, call 1-800-66 AMIGA. p.

Circle Reader Service Number 269

C^ Commodore

A3IIGA

■ ' 'm; Ik Firut Gipj h j nadtmsrk df Stiftwwd ttvc 'Basd tm MSKP liSlWi farthf AI200 bimdk and 14101 k !ek A-KiV r-^uc ' 'A^

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40

PhotoFinish

PHOTOFINISH 2.0

For $500 less than most high-end electronic darkrooms, PhotoFinish 2.0 gives you about 90 percent of the features and 200 percent of the ease of use.

PhotoFinish supports an impres- sive list of scanners. However, you must load the driver in con- fig, sys, which eats up RAM and could conflict with other TSRs. Most of today's Windows scan- ning software uses a dll or drv driv- er that loads when the scanner is activated and moves out of the way when it's not needed.

The program's automatic fil- ters—sharpen, blend, smudge, and so on— work great, as do the 20+ paint and special-effect tools. Most major bitmap file for- mats are supported, and there is even a filter that automatically decompresses industry-standard JPEG images before displaying them. You can even save your im- ages to Encapsulated PostScript format to get color separations in desktop publishing and draw pro- grams. PhotoFinish does not, how- ever, print color separations on its own, which makes it less suitable as a professional photo touch-up package. Another drawback is the way the program uses RAM. It seems that no matter how much memory is available (this re- view was done on a system with 20MB), there is entirely too much disk accessing going on. which

22 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

PhotoFinish 2.0

IBM PC or oompallble, 2MB RAM (2MB-18MB for higher modes), any Windows-Gompatlhie adapter (support Includes X6A, 16-hit high color, and 24-bit true color), hard drive with 5MB free, Windows 3.0 or higher, drawing device— $199

ZSOFT

450 Franklin Rd., Sfe. 100

Marietta, Georgia 30067

(800) 444-4780

(404) 428-0008

significantly slows down screen redraws when you're working on big images.

Version 2.0 comes with a nifty image viewer that loads thumb- nails of all the images in a subdi- rectory for easy selection. And there is an extensive library of prescanned 24-bit images you can use in your layouts and pres- entations, virtually free of copy- right restrictions, which is great if you don't have a scanner {or even if you do). Another plus for version 2.0 is the addition of mon- itor, scanner, and printer calibra- tion. This feature, originally part of ZSoft's full-featured Publisher's Paintbrush, allows you to opti- mize your input and output devic-

es to get even closer to true WY- SIWYG. (This isn1 easy when dealing with color. You need all the help you can get.)

Even the full-featured products don't have some of this pro- gram's features, such as automat- ic deskewing and image stitching (automatically stitching multiple scans together). One feature that few programs of any type have is Z Soft's Local Undo. It allows you to undo changes to selected are- as of a drawing, rather than hav- ing to reverse all of your work— a lifesaver if you're making exten- sive edits.

I found the documentation for PhotoFinish to be thorough and easy to use. The tutorial walks you through touching up both a gray-scale and a full-color photo- graph. The program is straightfor- ward and easy to learn, but if you should ever need technical sup- port, it's easy to get through, and the technicians are well trained. My calls were answered prompt- ly, and my questions were an- swered quite satisfactorily.

Unlike PC Paintbrush, which is definitely a beginner's package, PhotoFinish may be the only paint and image-editing program you'll ever need.

WILLIAM D, HARREL

Circle Read&r Service Number 378

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Personal Tax Edge requires nn IBM* or compatible PC with 640K, DOS 2 J 1 or later and 4.5MB hard drive spaa\ Persona! Tax Edge for Windows requires an IBM* or compatible PC nmning Microsoft* Windows "3.0 or later in standard or enhanced mode and 6MB hard drive space. Mouse supported but not required, Works with all monitors and printers. Copyright © 1992 Pa rsorus Technology, Inc. All rights reseA'ed. Pergonal Tax Edge is a trademark of Parsons Technology, Inc. All trademarks or ser\^ice marks designated as such are marks or registered marks of their respective owners. Personal Tax Hdge will ship in mid-Januar)'. Circle Reader Service Number 164

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TEST LAB

PKTURE PUBLISHER 3.1

Picture Publisher 3.1 (now dropped to $495 from the $795 that 3.0 cost) is an image editor rather than strictly a paint pro- gram. While it has many of the standard paint tools for drawing, filling, and color control, it's primar- ily oriented toward enhancing an already existing image instead of creating one. For example, you could take a flat but colorful draw- ing generated in another pro- gram and— through blends, gra- dients, textures, and other spe- cial effects—give it a three-dimen- sional, more photorealistic look.

Picture Publisher gives you com- plete control over images — either scanned in or imported via such standard file formats as BfvlP, GIF, PCX, Photo CD, Targa, and TIF. The program supports EPS and DCS formats only as exports.

Looking for a clean, unclut- tered, easy-to-use interface? Pic- ture Publisher has it. On the bot- tom line of the window, helpful hints appear about the currently selected tool or option.

Editing several images at once is easy with Picture Publisher, Each has its own resizable win- dow. You may cut and paste be- tween these images or between them and other Windows applica- tions, or you can have several views of the same picture! A link- ing option causes changes made in one window to be reflected in all other open copies of the image.

Picture Publisher supports eve- rything from 1-bit black-and-white line drawings to 256 levels of gray scale to 24-bit true color images. You'll find features for sharpening, smoothing, and so forth.

For picking a specific color on an image, Picture Publisher fur- nishes an eyedropper tool. Called a color probe, it lets you choose just one point for an ex- act color match or draw a rectan- gle and get an average of all the colors within the bounded area.

24 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Picture Publisher 3.1 IBM PC or compatible (80306 compatible recommertdedh 4MB RAM (BMB recommended), VGA (256- color SVGA or 24-blt color recommended), hard drive with 10MB free, Windows 3.0 or higher, drawing device— $48S

MICR06RAFX 1303 Arapaho Rd* Richardson, TX 75081 (800) 733-3729

The use of text is as powerful as whatever fonts are installed in Win- dows. You place text as a mask, allowing you easily to resize, fill, and rotate it for stunning effects.

Speaking of masks, Picture Pub- lisher has strong mask features. You can isolate areas of an im- age for retouching and other spe- cial effects, or select areas for cop- ying or cutting— all with masks.

Color control is also excellent. You can adjust local areas or the entire image for color contrast, hue, bhghtness, and saturation. Picture Publisher supports the three basic color systems: RGB, HLS, and CMYK.

Various special effects let you get as weird as you like in twirling,

crystallizing, waving, or running Hur- ricane Andrew through your pic- ture (try the Wind special effect for that one; it works nicely).

Service and support by Micro- grafx are good. The documenta- tion, while extensive and well writ- ten, still does not cover everything possible about this very complex program. However, 24-hour tech- nical support IS available.

Other reviewers have said Pic- ture Publisher is the best image- editing program available. I'll just say, *1 switched." If you need the powerful features found in Picture Publisher, you may switch, too. That's my recommendation,

RALPH ROBERTS

Circle Reader Service Number 37d

Picture Publlshei^

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i^na

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i

•

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You may have noticed most personal laser printers are pretty much the same.

So although you'd like a personal laser to adapt to your way of working it's mostly the other way around.

So, besides lots of fonts, speed, and paper capacity, we gave our KX-P4410 personal laser printer two features you'll find intelligent indeed. One lets you proof the first copy of a multiple printout, before out- putting the remainder. The other is automatic shutdown, for those of you who use delayed printing. Together, they help you print intelligently And complement the PCL 4-compatible 4410's full range of features that give you the look you want.

Like 28 internal fonts, side- loading font card. 512K standard memory, expandable to 4.5 megabytes. And flexible paper handling, with a 200-sheet multi-purpose cassette, accommodating letter and legal sized sheets plus envelopes - without changing cassettes. All this and a true 5 pages-per- minute print speed!

You'll find these same features on our PCL 5-compatible KX-P443a..and more! For example, 8 outline and 28 bit- mapped fonts; 1MB RAM expandable to 5 M B; and our Satin Print™ resolution enhancement

Panasonic* personal laser printers. Performance by design. For the Panasonic dealer nearest you, call us toll-free at 1-800-742-8086.

Panasonic.

Office Automation/'^VW

Printers, Computers,

Penpherafs. Copiers, Typewriters

and Facsimiles.

IPC-COM circle Reader Service Kumber 104

TEST LAB

TEMPRA PRO 3.0

TEMPRA PRO 3.0 is a powerful paint and imaging program that provides a remarkable degree of color control. And since this pro- gram runs under DOS, even com- puter artists who "don't do Win- dows" have access to its abun- dant set of tools that can create not only drawings but multimedia presentations as well.

While TEMPRA PRO directly accepts input from a handful of scanners as well as video-digitiz- ing boards, the program provides ample ways to apply paint by hand. And if your hand isn't that steady, TEMPRA PRO includes the tools to help you out.

For example, you can create masks to isolate sections of your artwork and either paint those sec- tions or protect them from change. And if the shapes are the way you like them but the col- ors are not, TEMPRA PRO pro- vides an outstanding set of color protection controls.

From the Color Protect Palette, you can isolate individual colors or ranges of color and protect them from change, The swap feature al- lows you to select a single color and protect all others, making it pos- sible for you to recolor an image one shade at a time. In addition, your color protection selections can be turned into a mask that you can save to disk and reuse.

Although TEMPRA PRO works on any AT-class computer with any VGA monitor, your creative

26 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

TEMPRA PRO 3.0

IBM PC or Gompatibie (80286

compatlbie), 64QK RAM, VGA or

SVGA (supports 16- and 24-bit

adapters), bard drive witb 6MB free,

mouse— $695 (Includes TEMPRA

SHOWI

MATHEMATICA 482 S. Kentucky Ave. lakeland, FL 33881 (680) 852-6264

sessions will benefit from a faster processor and more sophisticat- ed display system up to and in- cluding 24-bit systems. Even with a 486 processor, you1l find your- self waiting for some drawing func- tions. If you have at least a 386SX processor, though, you can boost performance through Mathemati- ca's add-on Turbo Charge feature (available separately for $295), which allows TEMPRA PRO to run two to five times its normal speed. TEMPRA PRO supports a long list of color and black-and-white printers and comes with its own print program that allows you to adjust images as they're going to the printer. From TEMPRA PRINT PRO you can crop images, adjust the dot size and brightness, and

scale the image. Printing can be activated from within TEMPRA PRO itself or from the command line.

Another Mathematica utility of some note is TEMPRA SHOW, a multimediaauthoring system. TEM- PRA SHOW is a presentation pro- gram in which the user describes the events that constitute the pres- entation. Events can include audio, full-motion video, anima- tion, text, and special effects. Although TEMPRA SHOW is a separate product that lists for $199, Mathematica has bundled it with TEMPRA PRO.

Thanks to the step-by-step in- structions for each of the com- mands provided in the manual, I found TEMPRA PRO fairly easy to use. Despite its thoroughness, however, the manual is a visual disappointment. The camera- ready copy for the manual, includ- ing screen representations and il- lustrations, was produced on a 300-dpi laser printer. By using tow-resolution black-and-white il- lustrations, Mathematica missed a chance to showcase the pro- grams vibrancy and fully illus- trate some of its outstanding col- or capabilities.

TONY ROBERTS

Circle Reader Service Number 330

C ' StrRftHTffCSVTCn

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fc^ ir\k [ pen | br*, | gco | txt | jtr \ trn | cdt j mp \ ou t [

I Phb

Canons StntiLr-«_^3j^-j^^^^^^ --^-^^ ^ ^^^^^^B^ ^

Imagirraition Run Free.

.vwvy^^ Auwi ' I. ■Villi//! m^ ^^ ^

I-

Fix^e Hours Free I

DELPHI is the online service that gives you the freedonn and the resources to expand your horizons. To create, to learn, to discuss, to have fun. ..to imagine. And now you can try DELPHI with no risk. You get 5 hours of evening/ weekend access free!

You can join special interest groups for nearly every type of computer and download from thou- sands of files. Read up-to-the-minute news. Conduct research with Grolier's Encyclopedia. Enjoy a chat with other members or compete in exciting multi-player games.

FREE TRIAL!

Dial By Modem

1-800-365-4636

Press RETURN

At Password

Enter CPT31

DELPHI

Questions? Call 1-800-695-4005 CIrcto Reader Service Number 16t

DELPHI is also part of the Internet, the fastest growing online resource in the world. You'll be in direct contact with 4 million people at universities, companies, and other online networks. Send electronic mail. Subscribe to mailing lists. Even transfer files from other networks using "FTP" or connect directly to other services using "Telnet." 5 hours for Free! After your 5 hour free trial, you can choose from two low-cost membership plans or cancel with no further obligation. With rates as low as $1 per hour, no other online sen/ice offers so much for so little.

TEST LAB

PAINT SOFTWARE FEATURES
	Aldus PhotoStyler 1.1	ColorWorksl.O	DeluxePaiot II Enhanced	Dr. Halo IV Paint and fmaging Pak	Fractal Design Painter 1.2 for Windows
GENERAL					:^ -r - -- . 1
Maximum image size	32.000 X 32,000 pixels	limited by disk and memory	1024 X 768 pixels	limited by memory	limited to available disk space
Maximum number of colors	16.7 million^	16,7 million^	256	256	16.7 million'
Color models	CMYK. HLS, HSB, RGB	CMYK, RGB	RGB. HSV	RGB	HSV, RGB
Online help	yes	no	no	no	yes
Disk space required	4MB	4MB	3MB	3MB	2.5MB

EDITING TOOLS

Paint tools

airbrush, blur, brush,

bucket fill, clone, darken.

eraser, gradient fill,

Itghlen, line, pencil,

sharpen, smudge, text

Bfeier curve, boundary fill, circle, ellipse, ftood fill, free draw pen, Ifne, parabola curve, smart till, spline curve (up to 100

points), parallelogram, pixe^ level zoom editor.

polygon, text, triangle

airbrush, circle, clear curve, custom brush, ellipse, fill, freehand brush, line, polygon,

rectangle, text, undo

airbrush, circle, clear,

fill, line, pencil,

rectangle, rubber stamp,

seteciJon, text

airbrush, artist, brush.

chalk, charcoal, crayon.

eraser, felt pen, pen,

pencil, water,

watercotor

Special effects

custom, cylinder, pinch. punch, ripple, sphere,

whirlpool

airbrush, antialias, blend, color strip, cycle draw.

dupe, gradients,

negative, RGB swap,

redo, shade, sharpen,

shear tile, tint

color cycling^ color pickup, gradients, grid,

magnify, outline, patterns

cdor pickup, gradients, dashed lines

apply surface texture.

apply screen, autoclone.

grainy edge flat buildup,

grainy hard, wet, soft

buildup, oil and

watercolor modes. Van

Gogh style, Seurat style.

and many more

Filter functions

add noise, average, btur.

despeckle, edge enhancement emboss, find edge, find edge and invert, Gaussian blur, maximum, median. minimum, mosaic, motion blur, sharpen, trace contour, user- defined

blast, burlap, demon, double edge, eclipse,

edge, edge detect, emboss, haze. moUon blur, mutate, nuclear.

parchment, pastel, rough, sandblast, shake.

slate, solar, stone.

sundown, texturize, unfocus

shade, smear, smooth, antialias, colorize, translucent (tint)

contrast, gamma, RGB adjustment

brightness, contrast {See

special effects; supports

PtKitoSlyier and Gallery

Effects plug- ins.)

Image control

brightness and contrast. convert format, distort,

equalization, flip

horizontal, flip vertical,

gray/color correction,

negative, perspective,

posterization. re^mple,

resize, rotate, shift, skew

color mask, copy, cut,

flip left/right, flip up/

down, hardware zoom

emulator, image merge

(five types), move, paint/

drag, RGB mask, rotate,

scale, shape mask.

stretch/ shrink,

superimpose

flip, merge, perspective,

remap colors, resize,

rotate, stencil (masking),

warp

flip, mask, merge, rotate, Boolean operators

clip, done (many

variations), grab, mask,

rotate, zoom

8"i'Tr_--"ji.;ijL

-:T^=3?5^BEa5T:i^ss3::^

;r3*y=5?=^3r3^

File formats supported	BMP EPS. GIF, PCX, TGA, TIF	BMP EPS, PCX SPG. TGA, TIF	IBM, MAC- MSP PCX, TIF, VMG	BMP, BUT, CUT. IMG. MSP. PCX, TGA. TIF	BMP PCI. PCX. RtF. TIF. TGA
Scanner support	.^^	no	no	yes	-:■
^ Screen capture capabilities	no	no	yes	yes	no
Color separation capabilities	yes	no	no	no	no
TEXT TOOLS ^^^^^^^
Number of fonts supplied	none	28	20	54	none
Type of fonts	any Windows screen font	bitmapped	Dtgi-Font typefaces^	bitmapped	m
Special text effects	NA	blend, shadow fill	bold, italic, underline	resize, rotate	m
'ffequires 24-bit video adapter to view this numlDer of colors ^The Havlett-Packard downloadable LaserJet font format is	now also supported.

28 COrvlPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

:^\

tepway Presents ' Backpack Software

^1^

Find time for ^ fun with a feuniiy calendar

^ Individiial*todo' lists keep every- one on track

llim home- work mto fun ^ work— and ] make the grade

\ Cards, invita- ^ tions, mailing lists.. .success!

Word Processing • Calendar/Scheduler • Recipe Manager

There's only one software program that's as full of possibilities as a bright 12-year-oId. That's as stufied as his schoolbag. And which doesn't require a week's home- work to leam how bo use.

Stepway does the work, so everyone has time for fun. It's the software that may heip your kids or grand- kids to forget about television. Imagine them heading off to school with an illustrated book report, a banner for the class elections, and a to do list to remind them where they need to be and when. And it's not just kids' stuff; Stepway can help you too, producing mailing labels for the whole soccer team, an entire week's grocery list, a home inventory for your insurance agent. All in minutes, with a few clicks of a mouse. Only with Stepway.

'Tinolly, my software searzh is oi^cr. Stepway is everything I was looking for." Can)] Rahim, Home computer owot^r

Stepway was designed for households like yours. It's not simply a business program in disguise. It's not a power user's package with just a few pretty screens. Stepway is the only suite software designed exclusively for the needs of today's busy households. The husband-and- wife-team who directed its de\'elopment made sure that Stepway does the things you want to do, the way you'll want to do them. It doesn't force you to buy a new computer or printer. We're so certain you'll be satisfied that we offer a money-back guarantee.

Requires a IX; with DOS 3.0 or highci; &40K memory, VGA or EGA monitor, a hand drive and a mouit Supports hundreds ci printeis. © Step 1 Syftems Corporation, 1992

* Banners & Signs*

• Cards & Invitations'

Addresses & Labels • Solitaire Games • Drawing To Do Lists • Home Inventory

"The home market isn't only about busiiiesspeoplc doing busi- ness at home, fts about new, nonbusiness uses for computers" Bobby Orb ach. Compuler Retail Week

"No pain" learning. There's no studying necessary to master Stepway. Everything that you need to know appears right on your screen. Just point to any option, and you'll see notes on how to use it. If you still have questions, you'll be happy to discover how Stepway's on-line Help system is designed for quick problem- solving, and unsurpassed in ease of use. And in case you really get stuck, we provide unlimited free customer support Easy as A, B, CI

'The Art Shop is awesomeL* Qiff Forese, Age 12

Guaranteed kid-tested and approve. Stepway can help >"our kids succeed— and still have funl A third of our product testers are under 16 years old. Youll even find a special junior dictionary for spell checking. And Stepway's flexible and power- ful enough to grow along with your family, from a four-year-old who learns about creativity by making a greeting card, to a teenager who produces the sharpest social studies reports in town.

"My kids loi>e Stepway^ and they 're learning,

not just playing games." Dale Pratt-Wibon,

Home Schooling Chairpeison, Chapel Hill, NC

STEPI/mV

step 1 Systems Corporation 74 Woodstock Rd. Roswell, GA 30075

Today's best home software valua Stepway includes everything you need to turn your home computer into a family computer. Fun, work, creativity, productivity— Stepway offers all these things and more. Why buy and struggle to leam several different programs when you can get everything you need in one, economical, easy-to- leam system?

*'The greeting cards are stiper, as is the Sign Shop where

you do banners and signs. The word processor is exceptional

with dictionaries (adult and kid), multiple fonts and styles.

Wbrk with the Home Inventory or just play with the Art Shop

or Solitaire Games and you wilt be as hooked as lam...

This is one of the best DOS programs to come down the pike

in a long while." R.L Creighton. PC Primer

Visit your loca^d^erorjcallj (800M35-^EP He ^ Buy today for $79* » H I Save 50% PLUS {reg. $165)

I •Plus.ST.OOshtppinfi/handJing

GA reisidents £kdd seJes tax I Please send me my own Stepway Software System with D^^A" diikdt^ or D 5 W ' disJ^ttes.

I Street Addn:S4_ City^ .

^2ip-

I Payment DCbeddMoncyOnfcr payable to:

I Step 1 Systems or Credit Card: D Visa a MastoCani

j Cani# EipL

I StgrwftmE;-

-J

30-day Money-Back Guarantee

n.£iri fliprl £>ir£iyl II v-i^jad^tl « f r^jrtw\ C'^Af'^ 1 d t^t* j^Avt ^

TEST LAB

PAINT SOFTWARE FEATURES

Maximum image size

limited by memory

limited by memory

limited by caching space

on hard drive

8192 X 8192 pixels

Maximum number of colors

16J milHon^

255

167 million^

167 mSiiion^

167 million^

Coior models

Online Kelp

Disk space required

CMYK. HSV. RGB

HLS, RGB

HLS. RGB

CMYK, HLS. Pantone. RGB

CMYK. HLS. HSV, RGB

yes

yes

yes

yes

6ME

3MB

5MB

10MB

6M8

Paint tools

Special effects

RSter functions

airbrush, brush, drawing, eraser, eyedropper. tiand (paste control), magnifier, pen, pointer {rectangle, point-to-point, ellipse, free form), scfoll

airbrush, color repiacer, clone, curve, eraser.

eyedfopper, line, magic

wand, paint roller, paintbrusht, spray can

airbrush, charcoal, color

repiacer, clone, cun/e,

eraser, eyedropper

fountain pen. line, magic

wand, paint roller, palnlbmsh, spray can

none^

emboss, gradient, mosaic, motion blur

apply texture, black hole, crystallize, edge, detect,

emboss, facet, fisheye lens, mosaic, motion blur,

outline, pfxelate, twist

airbrush, clone, color probe, color tint fill, elliplicai, eraser, freehand draw, gradient fill, paint, penal, rectangular draw, smart fill, smear, texture, texture fill

airbrush, arc, curve, ellipse/

circle, line, pen, polygon,

rectangle/square, spline,

TEMPRA WANO

crystallize, emboss, engrave, facet, graphic pen, highlight, mosaic,

motion blur, noise

reduction, pixelize, polar

to rectangular,

rectangular to polar,

smooth edges. spSatter,

stucco, three- dimensional, twifi, wave wind

color cycle animation, color protect, color

spread, perspective, pattern, clone, color

compress (8- bit only)

blur, brighten, gallery

effects, negative, color

balance, sharpen

blend, brighten, contrast, sharpen, smudge, tile, tint

add noise, blend, blur,

diffuse, maximum.

minimum, posterize,

remove spots, remove

moire sharpen

darken, edge detection,

lighten, sharpen, smooth,

stitch

antialias, brighten,

emboss, pixelate,

sharpen, soften, stain, tint,

wash

Image c^ntnoS

convert, flip, resample, rescate, resize, rotate, stretch, shrink, slant

resize, rotate, perspective

clip, mask, resize, perspective crop, rotate

automask, color sfiield.

copy, copy to, cut, delete,

elliptical mask, freetiand

mask, invert, mask

transform, mask point

editing, mirror, paste,

paste from, rectangular

mask, rotate, size smart

mask

clip polygon, clip regular.

fill, mask, minw, pen editor, quick load, quick

save, rotate left 90

degrees, rotate right 90

degrees, text, turnover,

zoom

File formats supported

BMP. EPS. GIF, IMG. JPG,

MSP, PCX. PNT, RAW,

TIF, TGA

GIF. PCX. TIF

BMP, GIF. JPG. MSP. PCX. TGA, TIF

BMP, DCS, EPS. GIF,

JPG, PCX, Phoio CD,

TGA. TIF

BMP, EPS. GIF. HRS, PCC,

PCX, PXL, IMG, TGA, TIF,

VST. WIN, -!M, !iM

Scanner support

yes

yes

yes

yes

yes

Screen capture capabilities

yes

yes

yes (with board)

yes (with board)

Color separation capabilities

N^ Number of fonts supplied

no3

22

24

none"^

Type of fonts

NA

bitmap and outline

Type 1 and TrueType

ATM and Type 1

Bitstream

Special text effects

bold, italic, normal, strike through, underline

gradient, shadow

resize, fill, rotate

drop shadow, blended drop shadow

' Information on Image-In Color and Image-in Color Professional available from the manufacturer. ^Requires 24-bit adapter to view this number of cobrs.

^These are avaiiabie with Image-In Cotor Professional. ^Uses fonts on sys'em.

30

COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

^^■

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Get the best of Windows and OS/2 without learning all this*

October 30, 1990

Sure, you want to get your PC flying. With features like multiple open applica- tions and background printing. Maybe even the ability to maintain your host con- nection while you work on something else.

But for that you need Windows or OS/2. Which means you also need to learn enough to get a pilot's license. And spend enough on hardware and software for a down payment on a jet.

But with new Software Carousel, you can get the biggest benefits of Windows and OS/2 by doing almost nothing. It's #1 in task switching software* Software Carousel got to be a best- seller because it works. Simply and reliably. Day in and day out.

And because it gives you the single most practical and powerful function of OS/2 and Windows- the ability to quickly switch from one application to another. Simply load your programs as usual in individual Software Carousel work areas (it handles up to 12). Then switch instantly ftom one to another with just a keystroke. Each program gets as much RAM as it needs. And all your programs look and act just like they always did. Best of all, nearly any program that now runs on your PC will work with

Software Carousel. Even RAM resident utilities, graphics programs and network software. And Software Carousel works on all types of PQ. So you can have the kind of multi-application capability you want, without buying anything new. Now with Print'N*Run.

Thanks to Print'N'Run, new Software Carousel is also an advanced print handler One that quickly takes over your printing jobs by accepting all the output bound for the printer, then sending it to the printer as fast as it can take it.

While your printer keeps running, you can keep working in the same application. Or switch to another Software Carousel work area running a different application

No more wasted time waiting for your printer. No more lost productivity. OLE. A network: idea whose time has come*

OLE is the optional Open Link Extender* for Softw^are Carousel. And it could be the best thing to happen to net- works since OS/2 itself.

With OLE and Software Carousel, you can connect to

any host or service over a network- whether it's a mainframe, a mini, etc.— then "switch away" to work on another application, and not lose your connection.

OLE even makes sure that incoming data is received, even though your PC may be occupied with another application. t

And OLE works with all kinds of connection software. Including IBM, Attachmate, and others. Without changes to your hardware or software. Even the experts agree.

Garry Ray, writing for PC Week, said, ** Of these alternative operating environ- ments (OS/2, DesqView and Soft- ware Carousel), Carousel may be the best choice of the day." Barry Simon of PC Magazine concurred with, "... I find it difficult to imagine using my computer without Carousel. This package has become an essential tool and one that I strongly recommend."

So if you really want the major benefits of Windows and OS/2, don t get grounded with high cost and mind-bending complexity. Take off today with Software Carousel It's easy. And it's just $89.95.

n^^^S^^^^'^

^^^•

'^Software I $QQ95

Carousel ^^

SoftLogic Solutions, Inc.

One Perimeter Road, Manchester, NH 03103

Available at software dealers everywhere. Or, order direct by calling toll-free,

CaU 800-272-9900

{603-627-9900 in NH)

Soft

SOLUTIONS

Scrftwatt CiKXjsel. OLE. Open Link Extentier and Pnni'N'Kuti are ifiidcinarb tw rtgisreresi naiicmirki <:i Sj^'iL^h; S*:lu(u>nj- Oih£\ hr^nJ namcj hk inKkEnarbi>r stjjwicfcd Trodctnaf b of their rapfc!jv€' ownen. © i^K SLS. *Open link Extender is sold separately, t Requires NetBIOS connection.

Circle Reader Service Number 1B2

NEWS & NOTES

Jill Champion

Bream Idfrlop from

Tl offers color,

tiigti-capacity hard

drive, Ballpoint,

mi 8MB of BAM.

The BMW of Notebooks

New from Texas Instruments comes the fastest color travel- er around: the new 486- based TravelMate 4000 WinDX2/40 Color notebook— "the ultimate portable speed machine," with a 40-MHz proc- essor. It's the fastest, lightest, and most powerful 486- based color notebook comput- er available in a 5.6-pound package. This ultimate speed machine features 8MB of mem- ory and a 200MB hard drive. It also includes the new Micro- soft Ballpoint with the Quick- Port easy snap-on and snap- off connection that eliminates the need for a cable. The Trav- elMate's 9.4-inch-diagonal full-color screen displays 256 colors simultaneously at full VGA 640 X 480 resolution.

Preinstalled Windows 3.1 software powers up in less than 30 seconds. Also prein- stalled is MS-DOS 5.0. To help get the most out of Win- dows, standard configura- tions include a portable point- ing device, an oversized cur- sor, Windows power-conserva- tion software, and custom util- ities for quick entry to and exit from Windows-

Another advantage to the TravelMate: You can fly coast to coast with this machine's

486 power and have battery life to spare. The TI Bat- teryPro power-management system provides long battery life, and for added conven- ience and preparation time. BatteryPro shows you your re- maining battery life at a glance.

Expansion options include lightweight, snap-on modules for Ethernet or Token Ring LANs as well as SCSI-compat- ible devices, Tl also offers an optional 14.400-bps V.32bis modem with 9600-bps send/ receive fax capability, which plugs into an internal slot in the TravelMate.

Scheduled to be on the mar- ket in January 1993, suggest- ed retail price for the Travel- Mate 4000 WinDX2/40 is $4,499. If you would like to gat more information, contact Texas Instruments Peripheral Products. P.O. Box 202230, Austin, Texas 78720-2230; (800) 527-3500,

Classics for o Song

Five LucasArts original adven- ture games are now available as a collection set titled Lu- casArts' Classic Adventures— and at a very attractive price of $59.95 for the set. The collection includes Maniac Mansion, the game that pio- neered the point-and-click type of interface now adopted by most major publishers of graphic adventure games; Zak McKracken and the Alien Mindbenders, which centers around a journalist who writes for a supermarket tab- loid; Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, based on the 1989 blockbuster film; Loom, a mystery set in mythical times; and The Secret of Monkey Island, the hu- morous tale of a pirate wannabe. Hint books for each game are also included in the package.

Why is LucasArts offering such a steal on five of its big- gest moneymakers? "So new gamers can discover some orig- inal, classic favorites," accord- ing to Kelly Flock, head of Lu- casArts Games. '*We want to introduce first-time PC owners to the world of entertainment software by making our classic graphic adventures easily ac- cessible to new enthusiasts."

For more information, con- tact LucasArts Games, P.O. Box 10307, San Rafael, Califor- nia 94912; (415) 721-3300.

A New Chapter in Books

Books aren't what they used to be, With the introduction of its new Digital Book System, Franklin Electronics takes book publishing into the twen- ty-first century. Touted as one of the most powerful hand- held reference devices ever made, the Digital Book could ultimately change the way ref- erence materials are "printed" and accessed in the future.

Franklin*s Digital Book, tiny enough to fit in a shirt pocket, is based on a ROM chip that's capable of storing 45 mil- lion pieces of data— the equiv- alent of every word in a stack of ten Bibles. The entire sys- tem, v/ith lithium battehes and memory cards installed, weighs a mere 4,6 ounces.

Up to two ROM "books," each the size of a match- book, can snap into the back of the hand-held system at the same time for instant ac- cess and cross-referencing be- tween the two.

According to the Associa- tion of American Publishers, 90 percent of a!! printed mate- rial is already in digital form- manuscripts originate on PCs, where theyVe also stored and edited and then printed onto paper. Says Carol Risher, Di- rector of New Technology for the Association, "Because those pages are in digital form, all are candidates for

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The possibilities are end- less for future Digital Books — particularly in the area of con- sumer information — such as buyer's guides that include the names of local stores car- rying the products you want, electronic maps that display point-to-point mileage and can even choose the fastest route between two cities, and every kind of reference book conceivable, from weather da- ta to encyclopedias.

For now, Franklin's Digitai Book System is packaged with two books — The Merriam- Webster Dictionary Plus, which provides spellings, def- initions, and synonyms, and Word Games, a collection of ten diversions for word lov- ers— and is available for $199 from Radio Shack and Sharp- er Image stores. By next year, Digital Books will be avail- able in an additional T0,000 re- tail outlets nationwide.

Two other Digital Books available separately are The Video Companion, a guide to the top movies currently avail- able on video, retailing for $59.95, and The Medical Let- ter Handbook of Adverse Drug Interactions, a tool creat- ed especially for medical pro- fessionals and students that al- lows you to check interac- tions for up to 20 drugs at one time, retailing for S99.00.

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Do-lf-Yourself Trading

With the changing of the pres- idential guard and expecta- tions for at feast a temporary

34 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

upswing in the economy, now might be the time to look into some do-it-yourself trading with one of the recently updat- ed versions of AIQ's stock mar- ket software. The new prod- uct versions improve both ease of use and timeliness of high-quality stock market infor- mation, making it easier for individual investors— those who don't trade every day— to better determine the best time to enter and exit the mar- ket in order to avoid buying high and selling low.

MarketExpert. ideal for nov- ices and those interested in tracking only the market— how the market is moving and which way it's likely to go in the short to intermediate term- is based on AIQ's ex- pert analysis, which com- bines over 400 rules and 32 technical indicators with 17 pieces of daily market data. StockExpert gives a more de- tailed technical analysis of stocks as well as market tim- ing, which allows more ad- vanced users to concurrently track movement of both the market and individual equities and index equity options, help- ing investors decide which is- sues to buy, when to buy, and when to sell. Both pro- grams utilize AIQ's Expert Rat- ing, which signals when a stock is likely to change direc- tion in phce, so novice and in- termediate investors can deter- mine when to take a position in a stock.

In addition, new support for flat-fee data suppliers makes it more affordable for partici- pants to track their invest- ments. Stock market data can cost hundreds of dollars per month, but because AIQ has negotiated flat monthly online database rates with suppliers, you can access stock market data for as little as $15 a month. Suggested retail price for StockExpert is $399; MarketExpert retails for $199.

For more information, contact AIQ, 916 Southwood Boule- vard. Building #3, P.O. Draw- er 7530, Incline Village, Ne- vada 89432; (800) 332-2999.

No More Pooped Parties

Two nifty programs from Nin- ga Software take the anxiety out of planning functions, where details can become work overload— especially when your time is too valua- ble to waste searching for end- less pieces of paper. Thanks to Party Planner from Ninga Software, guest lists, RSVPs. entertainment, catering, budg- eting, and the rest of those par- ticulars all come under neat or- ganization whether youVe plan- ning a corporate or a person- al affair, either formal or re- laxed. Party Planner gives you up-to-the-minute reports of where your money is being spent, who's invited, who's at- tending, and every other bit of minutia involved.

The Meal Planner relieves some of the frustration of host- ing dinners— even regular fam- ily meals when you don't have time to prepare. In addi- tion to offering creative sug- gestions on what to serve, the database allows you to in- clude your own favorite reci- pes and to print a shopping list of all the ingredients need- ed for each. Party Planner and Meal Planner each retail for $49.95. For more informa- tion, contact Ninga Software, #330, 736 Eighth Avenue SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 1H4: {800)265-5555.

Companies or public relations firms with items of interest suita- ble for ''News & Notes'' sfiouid send information along with a color slide or color transparen- cy to News & Notes, Attn: Jill Champion, COMPUTE, 324 West Wendover Avenue, Suite 200. Greensboro, North Caro- lina 27408. 3

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Disreputable CliQracfers

I'm 11 years old and have en- joyed programnning for sever- al months on my IBM PC. One of the games that I pro- grammed in BASICA has user- defined characters. The game works perfectly in BASI- CA, but after the program is compiled in QuickBASIC, the computer locks up and the screen goes black. Is there a way of preventing that from happening?

MALCOM MCCAFFERY SACKVILLE. NS

Sounds fike you've created a machine language subroutine using a CALL statement that interferes with QuickBASIC's memory management, but it*s hard to tell without seeing the program itself. You prob- ably BLOADed the routine into an absolute address. If you're loading that subrou- tine into an area that OuickBA SIC uses, you're asking for trouble.

A better solution is to write the routine in machine lan- guage and load it in as a sep- arate module, using LINK to re- solve the address for yoij^ Al- so, if you're using an EuA, VGA, or higher-resolution graphics card, make sure you use the approved video inter- rupt INT 10h, function 11 h character generator routines.

C-ing is Believing

I'm an avid reader of your mag- azine and like to create pro- grams for DOS 8086-based machines. Tm currently learn- ing C in college and, once the class is over, would like to continue developing my own programs, possibly some shareware. Which C should I purchase? I want the flexibili- ty to write programs for both the DOS and Windows environ- ments.

What's the difference be- tween the Borland C+4- & Ap- plication Frameworks and Tur-

bo C++ for Windows besides price? Do I need to purchase both? I'm confused as to why Borland doesn't just sell one C++ product that provides everything you need. If I pur- chase Turbo C++ for Win- dows, will I be able to do the things that Borland C++ & Ap- plication Frameworks does? I've noticed that Microsoft C 6.0 with Windows SDK and QuickC for Windows are set up in a similar fashion.

GLEN R, WHEELOCK UTICA. NY

What's the difference be- tween a Geo Metro and a Cadillac? Why does GM sell both? Because people have different needs and different amounts of money to spend. The Turbo and Quick lines of products were introduced to provide low-cost ways for be- ginners and light program- mers to write in their favorite languages. The other prod- ucts cost more and do more, so they're favored by profes- sional developers. Pros use ei- ther Borland C-h-i- & Applica- tion Frameworks or Microsoft C/C-h-f, not the lower-end packages.

Qn the question of whether Microsoft or Borland languag- es are superior COMPUTE staf- fers and contributing editors agree that you can't go wrong with either package. Borland C-h-h S( Application Frame- works comes with a Windows- hosted development environ- ment and may be available at your college at a sharp dis- count for students. Turbo C++ for Windows doesn't generate DOS programs, so it's out of the running for your purposes. Likewise, only the high-end Microsoft offering, C/C-h-h (now at version 7.0 for C but only to for C-h^), creates both Win- dows and DOS applications. On the other hand. Turbo C++ actually runs as a Windows pro- gram. Microsoft's program-

ming language doesn't. In Microsoft's favor is the home court advantage and 30 pounds or so of superlative documentation.

Spaced Out

Clark Harper ("Feedback," Ju- ly 1992) has another option for entering filenames and di- rectory names with spaces in them: character 255. Where a space appears in a filename or directory name, hold down the Alt key and type 255 on the numeric keypad. When you release the Alt key, a space will appear, but DOS will recognize it as a charac- ter and not the end of the name.

JOHN WiLLIAM FORSYTH FISH HOEK, RSA

Thanks to you and all the oth- ers who wrote in with the Alt-f-255 solution.

All tlie Rage

The letter from Mr. Horowitz in your September 1992 issue pro- vides me with an excellent op- portunity to vent some frustra- tions. You may recall that he had a 40MB drive but only had access to 32MB. I had the identical problem, and I couldn't wait to read the reply. Unfortunately, I couldn't under- stand it. Let me ask some ques- tions about your answer.

1. You wrote, "Begin by completely backing up every- thing on your hard disk, using DOS's Backup program . . ." Which DOS?

2. "Make sure a copy of your backup program and com- mand.com are on the floppy." Do you mean command.com from my current DOS?

3. '*Next, boot from your fiop- py disk and run Fdisk." Do [ boot from my DOS 3.3 floppy or my DOS 5.0 floppy?

And finally, at what point do I install DOS 5.0?

THOMAS FOCONE PLAIN VI EV;, NY

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FEEDBACK

We apologize if our reply was less than clear First, from our reading of Mr. l-iorowitz's letter, we understood ttiat he fiad already installed DOS 5.0, so the version of DOS wasn't a ques- tion on our minds. You would be best served if you installed DOS 5.0 before performing any of the steps in our re- ply If you performed the steps using DOS 3.3, you would still be limited to 32MB of disk space per partition. You could (as another reader pointed out) use Fdisk to partition the other 8MB as drive D and thereby have access to the whole disk under DOS 3.3, but it has been our experience that 40MB of hard disk space in a single partition is more useful and flexible than 32MB and 8MB in two partitions. We recom- mend that you upgrade your DOS, back up your disk, and repartition to get access to the unused SMB.

Forked Tree

My hard disk is almost full: it's stocked with many different programs and games. When I execute the DOS Dir command, it shows 10MB free. When I use Chkdsk, it tells me I have around 93MB of user files. When I use Drtree. it says I have around 80MB in files. Where are the missing megabytes?

Also, I have been considering buy- ing one of those systems that double your disk capacity. Which do you rec- ommend?

HORMAZD ROMER WOODBRIDGE. ON

We suspect that you've been led astray by the difference between the size of a file and the amount of space it takes up on your disk Hard disks store flies in sec- tors. If a file takes up less than a sector, it still uses up the whole sector If you have a hard disk that uses 2048 bytes per sector (a fairly common size), then a file will take up a minimum of 2K on the disk, no matter how small it is in re- ality. A worst-case scenario would be if you had a 32MB disk and you placed 16,000 1-byte files on it— you would use up the entire hard disk to store only 16K of files. Most files are larger than a sin- gle byte, of course, but if a file is 11 K, it will still take up 12K of disk space. Batch files are the worst offenders, since they* re often shorter than 100 bytes, and our "Tips & Tools" column of- ten features ways to gather many useful batch files into a single large batch file so disk space is used more efficiently In answer to your second question, we would unhesitatingly recommend Stacker We've had the opportunity to

Editor

Senior Art Director

Art Director

Managing Editor

Fea lures Editor

Reviews Editor

Editor, Gazette

Eflitor, Amfga Resource

Copy Editors

EdilorlaJ Assistant Contributing Editors

Ciiflon Karnes

Dwayne Flinchum

Ftobin C Case

David E-nglish

Robert tiixby

Mike l-iudnai]

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Denny Atkin

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ART

Assistant Arl Director Kenneth A Hardy Designer Katie Taytor Copy Prod uct io n Man a ge r Tef ry Cash

PRODUCTION Production Manager De E^ottfjr

Traflic Manager Barbara A VVilliams

PROGRAMMiNG & ONUME SERVICES
Manager	Troy Tuckpr
Progmmmtrs	&uoeM Bov,'den
	Steve Draper
	Bradley M, Small
ADMINISTRATION
President, COO	Kathy Keeton
Executive Vice President,	Wiliiam Tyr^n
Operations
EdiloHai Director	Keilh Ferreli
Operations Manager	David Hensley Jr.
Ottice IWanager	Sybil Agee
Sr. Admlrtlslrative Assistant	Julia Fleming
Administrative Assistant	Usa Williams
Receptionist	LeWanda Fox
ADVEFrnSlKG
Vice President,	Peter T Johnsmeyer
Associate Pubiistitr	[212) 496-6 too

ADVERTISING SALES OFFICES

Eas-. Coast RjlUPago md Siandafd Display Ads— Fteier T Johns- meyer, Chris Coolrio, CO^/PUTE Puts I (cat ions tntemational Ltd., 1965 Broadway. New York. NY 10023; {2^2) 496-6100- South- east—Hamel Rogers. 503 A St . SE, Washington. DC. 20003; (202) 546-5926, Florida-J. M Remer Asscciates. 3300 NE t92nd St,. Suilo 19?. Aveniura, FL 33180, (305) 933-1467, (305) 933-8302 (FAX) Midwest— Full-Page and Siandard Display Ads — Slarr Lane, National Accounts Manager, \ 1 1 East Wack- er Dr.. Suite 506. Chicago. IL 60601; (312) 619-0900 (312) 819- 0813 (FAX). Northwesi— Jefry Thompson, Jyifls €. Thompson Co., 1290Hov/ard Ave . Suite 303, Burlingame CA 94010; (415) 34an8222. Lucille [Dennis, (707) 451-8209. Southwest— Ian Ling- wood, 6728 Eton Ave , Canoga Park. CA 91303. (818) 992- 4777 Product Mart Ads— Lucille Dennis, Jules E Thompson Co . 1290 Howard Ave , Suite 303, Burlingame, CA 94010; (707) 451-8209. UK& Europe- Beverly Wardale, 14 Lisgar Terr , Lon don W14, England; 011-441-602-3298 Japan -Intergroup Com murications. Lid . JiroSemba, President: 3F Tiger Bidg 5-22 Shi ba-koen. 3'Chome, Minaio Hu, Tokyo 105, Japan; 03-434 260? Classified Ads— Mafia Manasen, 1 \'toods D,, Huntington, NY 11743: (TtU/FAX) (516) 757-9562.

THE CORPORATION

Bob Guccione (chairman and CEO}

Kathy Keeton (vice-chairman)

David J Myorson (president and CEO)

Wiliiam F MadieD (presioent. mari^eiing, sales and circulation)

F^tnck J Gavin (senior wee president and CFO)

Anthony J Guccione (secretary and treasurer)

John Evans (president, foreign editions and manufaciuring)

Jefi Winston (senior vice president, administrative services)

ADVERTISING AND MARKETING

Sr, VP/Corp. Dir , New Business Develoomont Beverly Wardale; VP/Dir . Group Advertising Sales Nancy Keslenbaum; Sr VP/Soulhern and Mrdwesi Advertising Dir : Peter Goldsmith Qftrces: New York 1965 Broadway. New York, NY 10023-6965, Tel. (212) 496-6100, Telex 237128. Midwasf 111 East Wacker Dr.. Suite 508. Chicago. 11 G0601; (312) 819-0900 (312) 819- 0813 (B«). South: 1725 K St. NW. Suite 903. Washington. DC 20006, Tel. (202) 728-0320. West Coast: 6728 Eton Ave.. Can- oga Park. CA 91303, Tel (818) 992-4777 UK and Europe; 14 Lisgar Terrace. London W14, England, Tel. 01-828-3336 Japan; Iniergroup Jiro Seml>a, Telex J25459!GLTYO. Fax 434-5970. Ko- rea; Kaya Advlsng., Inc , Rm 402 Kunshin Ann en B/D 251-1. Dohwa Dong. Mapo-Ku, Seoul, Korea (121), Tet, 719-6906. Tel- ex K32l44Kayaad.

ADMINISTRATION

Sr. VP. CFO: Painck J. Gavin; Sr VP/ Administrative Services: Jeri Winsion: EVP/Graphics Olrecior: FranK Devi no; EVP/ Circutatton: James B. Marlse; VP Director Sales ProiBOtiOf^s; Bev- erty Greiper; VP Production Hal Halpner Dir. Newsstand Cir- culation P&ul Bolnick, Pit,, Newssland Operations Joe Galto: Dir Subscription Circulaiion Diane Morgentbaler; VP Director of Research: Rotwrl Rattner. Advertising ProtJuctiOh Director: Chartene Smith; Advertising Production Traffic Mgr,; Pam Rizk; Traffic Dir.; William Harbult, Production Mgr ; Tom Sllnson; Asst, Production Mgr.. Nancy Rice; Exec. Asst. to Bob Guc- Clone; Diane O'Connetl; Exec Assi, to David J Myerson; Teri

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Neither Micro nor Soft

This is to complain about an attitude you people seem to have that has sur- faced again. Does Microsoft own a controlling interest in your magazine? I feel like I'm paying for an advertising brochure for Windows and Microsoft. The latest example is the "Program- ming Power" column in the September

1992 issue. Mr. Campbell lists Micro- soft versions of BASIC, but what about PowerBASIC2 and its predecessor, Tur- bo Basic? I have both PowerBASIC and QuickBASIC 4.5. and PowerBASIC is superior in every way,

JAY KETHLEY HOUSTON. TX

Thank you for the opportunity to reply to the many letters we receive that hint at ties between COMPUTE and IBM or between COMPUTE and Microsoft. COMPUTE is owned by General Media International, a privately held company that publishes many other magazines, including Orr]r\'\ anc/ Penthouse. Neither IBM nor Microsoft has any connection with COMPUTE. We've had the oppor- tunity to mention PowerBASIC and True BASIC many times in this column and will continue to mention them. They each have many fans, and they're both fine languages. Youll note that Mr Campbell gave a bal- anced look at the BASICS offered by Mi- crosoft and wasn't enthusiastic about many of them.

Patter Fartiilias

I have become tired of all the advertise- ments you include in COMPUTE that are for "adults-only" services. By carry- ing these advertisements, you contra- dict family values.

KOBY SMITH ROLU. MISSOURI

Thanks for sharing your concerns. We strive to make our magazine of value and interest to all age groups.

Readers whose letters appear in "Feed- back" will receive a free COMPUTE'S PC clock radio while supplies last. Do you have a question about hardware or software? Or have you discovered something that could help other PC us- ers? If so, we want to hear from you. Write to COMPUTE'S Feedback, 324 West Wendover Avenue, Suite 200, Greensboro, North Carolina 27408. We regret that we cannot provide person- al replies to technical questions. G

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THE ULTIMATE Wl

It goes without saying tliat you need a bold, powerful computer to run Windows at its best mt The folks at Microsoft have endeavored to make Windows hospitable to nearly all PC ^m hardware, and there are tricks and techniques to make it run better on any machine, but H the only way to make Windows really shine is with the latest CPU, a quick hard drive with ^ lots of free space, megabytes of RAM, and a speedy yet colorful video system. This leaves W^

BY DAN GOOKIN

'■?f'5imm^^:

ht hardware. Here's our guide to choosing the best.

NDOWS MACHINE

I you not only wanting more but also faced with dozens of options and choices for upgrading your current PC, as well as any future PC you plan to purchase. Configuring an ideal PC for Windows wouldn't be such a great problem if it weren't for two things. First, newer and better hardware appears daily. Subtle improvements are made in microprocessor and video technology, most of which are directly beneficial to Windows.

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This means you have more and more choices every day. and some of yes- terday's best picks are rapidly becom- ing obsolete.

The second problem is money. Fancy new hardware is expensive, in a few years it will come down in price, but by then newer and better hard- ware will be available— and even more expensive. So while you can make the choice quite easily, the options you prefer may not be in your budget. And even if they are, is it wise to spend that much money on something when the price will eventually drop and other better and more expensive items will eventually appear?

Welcome to the buyer's dilemma. If money were no object, then creating the ultimate Windows machine would be a snap: Jog down to your local computer store and purchase the most expensive model. It's a no- sweat, no-brainer purchase. Yet, while this will get you a hot Windows PC, it's not a very smart way to spend your money. F^or example, you may be spending too much money on a fancy video system when that money would be better spent on a larger hard drive or more RAM. As with all computer purchases, how you spend your money depends on how you're going to use your Windows computer.

Four Basic Parts

Windows eats hardware for breakfast, and its four major food groups must be supplied in proportion to its appetite. Up front, there's the micro- processor, or CPU (which also includes the math coprocessor), Windows' basic lust for speed is sati- ated only by a fast CPU. Second, there's RAM, or memory. Windows devours RAM, gulping it down in megabyte-sized chunks. Third is the hard drive, which must be fast and contain plenty of room for Windows and its massive programs. Finally, there's the video system, where Windows shows its stuff. Since Windows is a visual environment, a PC's video system can make or break Windows, no matter how good the other three items are.

Together, the CPU. RAM, hard drive, and video system are the four pillars upon which you can build the supreme Windows computer. (Actually, these are the four major ele- ments of any computer, so you could say that the ultimate Windows PC is also the ultimate PC, However, soup- ing up a computer in this manner to run only WordPerfect. 1-2-3, or an order-entry system would be an extreme waste of money.) Other items

42 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

are important, such as a mouse, sound card, modem, and so forth, but they aren't as crucial as the basic four.

CPU and Math Coprocessor

The heart of any computer is the CPU, or microprocessor. Windows requires an 80386-family CPU in order to run in the enhanced mode, Windows' top operating mode. Windows can run on an 80286-equipped PC, but then it's restricted to operating in the limited standard mode, v/here fancy features such as multitasking DOS programs isn^t an available option. Fortunately, the 80386 family of CPUs is extensive and contains many brothers, sisters, and cousins bound to fill the role of Windows CPU.

The accompanying chart, "CPUs Capable of Handling Windows," lists CPUs capable of meeting Windows' demands. Topping the list is the cur- rent generation of PC microproces- sors, the 80486 family. That's followed by the 80386 family and then the 80286. Quite frankly, you don't want an 80286 to run Windows. The 80486, at the top of the scale, is your ideal Windows microprocessor.

CPUs are judged by two factors: computing power and chip speed. These attributes apply to all the CPUs in the chart. Computing power is mea- sured by a microprocessor's bit width.

That indicates the size of the numbers and the amount of memory the CPU can play with. The larger the bit width, the better the CPU. Early CPUs had a bit width of 8. Today's 80486 desk burners churn out numbers 32-bits wide. When Windows sees 32 bits, it gets very happy. Anything less, and you're making Windows tighten its belt, cramping its style.

One important aspect about a CPU's bit width is that there are both internal and external values. The inter- nal value refers to the way the micro- processor handles values inside^the way it thinks in its "head." For exam- ple, just about any 80386 or 80486 CPU can juggle 32-bit numbers inter- nally with one hand tied behind its back. The SX-suffixed CPUs, on the other hand, have a 16-bit width exter- nally. This means that although they can handle the 32-bit numbers inter- nally, they must slice them in half to slide them out the door This slows the chip's performance, but it gives us the advantage of a less expensive chip.

The second factor used in judging a CPU is its chip speed. This is raw horsepower. Microprocessors calcu- late many thousands of times per sec- ond— sometimes millions of times per second. That speed is measured in millions of cycles per second, a value scientists have described as mega-

CPUs Capable of

Be aware that dealers will always advertise the higher speed,

80486DX A "pure" 80486 chip. This CPU computes using 32 bits internally and externally. The chip's speed (measured in MHz) is the actual speed of the chip.

80486DX2 This CPU computes at 32 bits internally and externally, just like the DX. The difference is the 2, v/hich means this chip uses spe- cial tricks to run at twice its normal speed. For example, a 33-/66-MHz 80486DX2 runs at 66 MHz internally and 33 MHz externally. This chip is more economical than an 80486DX running at 66 MHz (which is a faster chip).

80486SX This CPU computes internally at 32 bits but at only 16 bits externally. This means its perfor- mance will be somewhat less than the full 80486DX or DX2 chip. Also, the B0486SX lacks an internal math coprocessor, which must be pur- chased at an extra cost. While the 80486SX is initially a less expensive CPU, the added cost of the 80487 math coprocessor chip to make it

Handling Windows

compatible with the full 804B6DX makes this chip a poor choice.

80386DX This is the fastest 80386-family chip available. Like the 80486, it runs at 32 bits internally and externally. This chip is also a bit slower than an 80486 chip running at the same speed, and it requires a math coprocessor (80387) chip to be fully software compatible with the 80486DX.

80386SX This CPU runs at 32 bits internally but at only 16 bits externally. This makes it the least powerful CPU recommended for run- ning Windows in the enhanced mode. On the upside, this is also the least expensive chip of the lot and the only CPU you're likely to find in most laptops (thanks to this chip's low power consumption).

80286 The 80286 CPU sits on the bottom rung of Windows power requirements. Windows runs on computers with this microprocessor, but not very well. In fact, with an 80286 chip installed, you're limited to running Windows in the standard mode.

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hertz (MHz), This value is straightfor- ward: The more MHz, the faster the CPU- The typical speed of a PC's microprocessor is about 33 MHz, Older computers may sport slower speeds, sometimes 20 or 25 MHz, which was as far as the technology could push things a few years back. Today's CPUs can run at 33, 40, 50, 66 MHz— and faster. Obviously, the faster speed is better, but there are two warnings attached to this. The first concerns comparisons between the MHz values of 80386 and 80486 microprocessors. The 80486 is a later- generation chip and runs faster than a comparable B0386 chip. For example, an 80486 running at 33 MHz runs much faster than an 80386 also run- ning at 33 MHz. In fact, an 80486 run- ning at 25 MHz may be faster than an 80386 running at 33 MHz. While the 80386 may be less expensive, the 80486's advances in technology make it a faster chip.

The second warning concerns the 804B6 clock-doubling chips. These chips will end with the number 2 or sometimes 12. By using special tech- nology, the doubling chip some- times— and only internally — can achieve speeds double its rating. For example, an 80486DX2 may claim a speed of 66 MHz— -which would make it one screaming chip! However, the 2 indicates that this is a clock-doubling chip; the actual speed of the chip is really just 33 MHz. The advantage here, of course, is that an 80486DX2 that can sometimes run at 66 MHz would be much less expensive than a 66-MHz 80486DX. However, the 80486DX would be much faster, since it would always run at full speed.

Finally, there is a technical Issue of the CPU's interna! cache. This differs from a disk cache, which is a special area of your computer's memory set aside to improve disk operations. A microprocessor's cache is a special area on the chip that improves the speed of the microprocessor. (It works like a disk cache, bui it does not require any of your PC's memory. The cache is stored on the chip or on a special com- panion chip.) Some CPUs will have no internal cache. Others may have a IK, 8K, 64K, or larger cache. The larger the cache, the more performance you'll see from the chip. In some cases you may be able to upgrade the cache yourself; other times, the cache is an internal part of the microprocessor and cannot be changed. (Internal is better, by the way.)

This aspect of the CPU is some- thing you may have little control over. Usually, only the big boys offer the

44 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Buying a Windows Laptop

Windows on a laptop is no longer such a curious thing. On my last visit to the computer store (hunting for a laptop, incidentally). 1 was greeted with two dozen laptop computers, each of which was running Windows— some of them in color. Flash aside, the four basic hardware groups are also important when con- sidering the ultimate Windows lap- top, but to a lesser degree. For example, you may only get a 25- MHz 80386SX or SL in your laptop. The reason is power consumption. Higher-power CPUs draw a lot more battery power than the iow-power 80386 models.

If possible, look for Intel's SL chips or similar microprocessors from other manufacturers, which are designed to have a special power- down mode that conserves juice when the laptop is inactive. If possi- ble, make sure the laptop conforms to the Advanced Power Manage- ment (APM) specification.

RAM and hard drive capacity are limited on a laptop to available stor- age space. Most laptops can be upgraded to 4MB of RAM. Laptop hard drives are typically puny, though you may find the occasional 80MB or larger model. (And with programs like Stacker, you can con- vert that 80MB into a potential 160MB of storage.)

Finally, for video, most laptops come with built-in VGA or Super

VGA, though they display the image on a less-than-perfect LCD screen. If you want to bite the bullet and go into debt, then you can opt for a color LCD screen. Some of them do show color comparable to many desktop systems, but they are still very, very expensive. If you decide to go monochrome, take a good look at the laptop's rendition of Windows. Are there smears on the screen? Do colors bleed up and down or left and right? Do some colors cause flicker?

Another laptop item you need is a mouse. Some of the newer laptops have built-in thumbball mice. If the laptop lacks a companion mouse, then you can purchase one of the special clip-on trackball mice, such as Logitech's Trackman Portable or the Microsoft BallPoint mouse. These add width to the laptop, but not as much as a full-size mouse and mouse pad would.

Finally, don't neglect Windows' special options for laptop comput- ers, such as color schemes or the mouse tails, which let you find the mouse more quickly. If you have plenty of money, then you can pur- chase the ultimate Windows laptop and really make fellow plane pas- sengers jealous. But if I were you, I'd spend the cash on making my desk- top model Windows happy and keep the Windows laptop just one notch above tolerable.

high-speed microprocessors with beefy caches, and they do so for a premium phce. Overall, the best CPU to get for Windows is the fastest avail- able 80486DX chip. As this issue goes to press, that's the 80486DX running at 50 MHz. (A 66-MHz model is rumored to be in the works, and the next-generation CPU, the Pentium, is also just around the corner,) The sec- ond-best CPU would be the clock- doubling 80486DX2 running at 66 MHz. It's a better choice than the 33- MHz 80486DX, which doesn't have the higher speed as an option.

On the economical front, the best chip worth having is the 80386DX. I recommend this above the 80486SX, which is essentially a slow 80486 with- out a math coprocessor. While the 80386DX also lacks a math coproces- sor, its optional coprocessor chip (the 80387) is less expensive than the com- parable chip for the 80486SX (the 80487). (Refer to The Math Coproces- sor Equation," elsewhere in this article.)

Laptop owners may be stuck with the 80386SX, primarily because of its low power consumption. For a desktop com- puter, however, I don't recommend the 80386SX at all; consider the 80386DX or save up some cash and go for the fastest 80486 chip you can afford.

Tbe CPU Tolly

Best Windows CPU: 80486DX at 50

MHz or 80486DX2 at 66 MHz

Very good: 80486DX at 33 MHz or

80486DX2at50MHz

Economical: 80386DX at 33, 25, or 20

MHz

Unsatisfactory; 80486SX, 80286

Memory

An 80386 or 80486 CPU can rule over four gigabytes of memory. That's 4096 megabytes, which is about 4092MB more than the typical PC contains. Even so, most PCs only have room for 8MB of RAM on the motherboard, sometimes 16MB or 32MB, given vari- ous expansion options. With all that

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memory, Windows claims it only needs 2MB to start in the enhanced mode. Of course, if you believe that, then there are some real deals on swampland in Florida if you're interested . . .

No matter how fast your micro- processor or how much hard drive space you have, Windows needs acres and acres of free memory to frolic and dance. Without it, the pro- gram is as cramped as an airline pas- senger in the middle seat in coach try- ing to slice up and eat a steak while maintaining a civil composure.

Realistically speaking, you need at feast 4MB of memory to properly run Windows. However, Windows runs even better with SMB. And 16MB? If your computer has room for that much RAM and you can afford to put it in, then why not? In fact, I'll make a blunt, flat rule about Windows memory con- sumption needs and how to fill them: Buy as much memory as you can afford for your PC or as much as will fully populate the motherboard. For example, the typical 80486 desktop- model PC may have room for 8MB of RAM. Buy it. Install it. Use it. If you have room for more RAM, buy it. Overall, memory is the least expensive thing you can add to your PC, and Windows will love it.

Another important point to consider is the type of memory you add. Specifically, Windows needs extended memory. This is the native memory you add to your 80386 or 80486 PC. Do not run any software drivers or special programs that convert the extended memory into expanded memory — no, no, no! Windows needs only extended memory; expanded memory is wasted when you run Windows.

As far as technical specifics go. make sure you buy memory of the proper speed and type for your PC. For example, if the manufacturer suggests buying 80-ns RAM chips, buy 80-ns chips. Don't save money by getting less expensive chips. The reason is that one slow chip in your PC will cause every other RAM chip to slow down to that speed- This isn't how you make Windows run fast on your PC. Other technical information about the chips is of a more specific nature; make sure you always have what the manufacturer suggests and nothing less.

Economically speaking, 2MB is the least amount of memory you need to run Windows in the enhanced mode. But why suffer? At present prices, another 2MB of memory is cheap (especially if you buy it by mail order from a memory chip specialty house). However, I recommend at least 8MB

46 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

of memory for Windows. With 16MB, you'll be going first class.

The Memory Tally

Best memory for Windows: 16MB or more — as much as your motherboard will hold/you can afford. Very good: 8MB Economical: 4MB Unsatisfactory: Anything less

Hard Drive Size, Speed, and Type

Windows and its applications have a rapacious appetite for hard drive stor- age. By itself, Windows occupies some 10 or 12 megabytes of disk space. Add a single Windows applica- tion, and you lose another 10 or 12 megabytes. This all but rules out run- ning Windows on a hard drive with only a 20MB capacity. Even a 40MB or BOMB hard drive gets cramped quickly with Windows.

The obvious solution to the hard drive storage dilemma is to buy the largest hard drive you can afford, I recommend anything over 200MB, If you need a formula, figure on a basic 40MB, plus 15MB for each of your applications (either Windows or DOS based). Double that figure and buy a hard drive of that capacity— or larger. Suppose you use Windows. Excel, WordPerfect for Windows, ProComm, plus a few utilities. That's 40MB + (4 x 15MB), which equals 100MB. Double that, and you get 200MB. Better still, since most people have more than four applications, consider a 320MB drive as the bare minimum for the ulti- mate Windows PC.

Capacity shouldn't be the only fac- tor in selecting the ultimate Windows machine's hard drive. There are two other gauges you can use to measure a hard drive's willingness to behave with Windows: speed and interface. A hard drive's speed is judged by its average access time, measured in milliseconds (ms). This is the average time it takes the hard 6me mechanism to reach out and fetch some data on the disk. The smaller the value, the faster the hard drive. Values of 20 ms or less indicate a fast, zippy, perfectly- suited-for-Windows hard drive. Anything less than 40 ms is OK, but avoid greater values.

The final factor used in selecting a hard drive is its interface, or the mech- anism that controls the hard drive, sometimes called the hard drive con- troller. The best controller to get for Windows is the SCSI (pronounced "scuzzy," Small Computer System Interface) controller— but only if you select a top-quality SCSI interface

card, preferably one with an on~board microprocessor or large cache. And if you get the 32-bit EISA SCSI, then you're going just about as fast as you can go (refer to "Expansion Slots," elsewhere in this article).

Some may disagree with my selec- tion of SCSI as part of the ultimate Windows machine's hard drive inter- face. However, any quick look at the top-of-the-line hard drives will prove my point: The hottest, fastest, and largest-capacity drives are all SCSI, Another advantage to SCSI is that you can connect up to seven hard dhves to a single controller. Other controllers limit you to one or two drives. And if you don't need seven hard drives, then consider connecting a CD-ROM, a scanner, or another device to the flexible SCSI interface.

After SCSI, the two next-best options are the IDE and ESDI inter- faces. Both of these types of hard dri- ves are smart, having the electronics that control the hard disk on the drive unit itself. Some older workhorse PCs probably use the ESDI interface; mod- ern PCs and nearly all laptops sport IDE drives. The problem with both of these is a lack of availability of drives at the higher capacities. But if SCSI is too eccentric for you, IDE drives in particular are a good second choice.

At the bottom of the heap are the older PC drives, identified as RLL, MFM, or some other interesting acronym. These drives have been supplanted by the newer standards mentioned above, and you should avoid using them. If your goal is to upgrade your PC to the ultimate Windows machine, then a new SCSI or IDE hard drive and controller is a good place to start spending your upgrade cash.

If you're trying to save money — and you're a cost-conscious buyer— then note that though large capacity dnves are more expensive, the cost per megabyte is much less than with lower-capacity drives. And if there's one thing you can never overestimate, it's the amount of disk storage you1l need, especially under Windows.

The Hard Drive Tally

Best hard drive size for Windows:

320MB

Very good: 200MB

Economical: 80MB

Unsatisfactory: 40MB or less

Best hard drive speed: 20 ms or faster Very good: Anything faster than 40 ms Unsatisfactory: 40 ms or slower Values of 20 ms or less indicate a fast, zippy, perfectly-suited-for-Windows

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Video Card and Monitor

One area of tremendous improvennenl over the past several years is in PC graphics. Gone are the days of ugly fuzzy text and primitive two-color graphics screens. Today's Super VGA offers colors, resolution, and splash to dazzle the most discerning graphics artist's eye. Not only that, but a tech- nology called local bus (or direct bus) is enabling PC makers to directly con- nect the PC's eye (the video system) to the PC^s brain {the microprocessor) for the absolutely fastest and best video system possible,

A PC's video system really consists of two elements: the video adapter card, which is an expansion card that plugs into one of your computer's expansion slots, and the monitor. Of the two, the adapter card is more important, since it sets the resolution and number of colors and determines what type of monitor you connect to the PC, Once you select the adapter card, you can find a suitable monitor, though some people will erroneously pick out specialty monitors and then hunt for video adapters to drive them.

There are nnany high-end video standards for the PC. so it's quite pos- sible to spend a great deal of money to get the highest possible resolution with the most colors. Though they sound like part of the ultimate solution, adapter cards such as the XGA or the old PGA are really best suited for graphic artists with deep pockets (a rare combination) or CAD engineers who use a specific application that pushes the high-end video card to its limits. For everyone else, the Super VGA standard will suffice.

Super VGA is an extension of IBM's VGA video standard included with most PS/2 computers. It's called super because of its extra colors, resolu- tions, and graphics modes that the standard VGA graphics adapter lacks. Better SVGA cards offer 1MB or more of video memory. A resolution of at least 1024 x 768 pixels with 256 colors is considered good; 1280 x 1024 res- olution is tops (anything higher, and you're starting to wander into graphic- artist land).

The best SVGA standard is the local bus or VESA standard. This is a video system that's integrated with your computer's microprocessor. The local bus is actually a direct line of

48 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Cost-Effective Upgrades

Where do-you start if your goal is to upgrade to the ultimate Windows machine? Right away, I can tell you that upgrading a PC a piece at a time is much more expensive than buying a new modelH^st like buy- ing a car a piece at a time would cost two times the sticker price (which is the theory behind which chop shops operate). And chase away those thoughts of selling your PC used; there's no value in it! Consider donating the old clunker to a school or nonprofit organization instead. However, if you want to upgrade, here are the items I sug- gest purchasing, in the order they'd be most effective.

More memory. This always helps, even on an 80286 system. Pack that motherboard full of RAMI

A larger, faster hard drive and controller. If that's out of your reach, consider adding a second drive.

A video system upgrade. I list this third because the improvements more memory and a better hard drive have to offer will be immedi- ately noticeable, whereas newer graphics hardware just makes poky old Windows look better.

A CPU upgrade. This isn't an option for most of us. Newer comput- ers have CPU upgrade paths; older systems are stuck in the mud. Some 80286-to-803B6SX options exist, such as the SotaPop or Cumulus 80386SX upgrade kit. A better solution might be a motherboard swap, which also updates the support circuitry the microprocessor relies upon.

Other items, peripherals, sound cards, CD-ROM, and so on. Save these upgrades for last; spend your money on the items above, in order, before you consider the fun stuff.

As far as spending money is concerned, consider what it is you do under Windows. If you notice your software going out to disk a lot and you subsequently wait for the disk drive to catch up, put more money into a faster disk drive and less into RAM. If the disk drive is fine, then shift more funds into RAM or a fancy video system. In the end, you may not have the ulti- mate Windows machine, but you'll definitely end up closer to it than when you started.

communications to the computer's brain, allowing for the fastest possible video. (Other local bus items, such as hard drives, will probably be available in the near future.) Keep in mind that a VESA, local, or direct bus video sys- tem should still be SVGA compatible.

Selecting the ultimate Windows machine's video monitor isn't that hard once you've chosen a graphics adapter card. The typical monitor has a tube that meas"res 14 inches diago- nally, with 15-inc "^nd larger monitors available. The advantage of the larger monitor is that you can see more infor- mation on the screen— especially with the higher graphics resolutions possi- ble on SVGA systems.

Monitors have several technical descriptions attached to them. The most important of these for shopping purposes is whether the monitor is interlaced or noninterlaced. Many users claim that noninterlaced moni- tors offer a clearer image without flick- er. If you have a choice, noninterlaced is the better option; however, I've seen many interlaced monitors that don't seem to flicker much.

Most of the other descriptions of a monitor are technical and serve only to boggle the mind. I prefer to see a monitor in person before buying it, since the dot pitch, refresh rate, and other technical descriptions don't real- ly describe the image you see.

Specialty monitors for Windows include larger 19-inch and portrait and landscape models. The huge monitors are usually selected for use in presen- tations. While it would be impressive to view Windows on a 19-inch screen, you'd probably have to wear iead- shielded eye shades and sunblock with an SPF of 15 if you sat too close to it!

The portrait monitors are nice because they display approximately one page of information, typically 9 inches wide by 15 inches tail. This is ideal for desktop publishing where viewing a page's "real size" is espe- cially important.

The landscape monitor is a portrait monitor lying on its side (some even rotate between landscape and portrait positions). Landscape monitors are best for showing horizontal informa- tion, such as long spreadsheets or some types of graphics.

Picking a specialty monitor for Windows may involve buying a cus- tom interface card; it definitely will require a special type of video driver. In fact, Windows is extremely flexible when it comes to weird monitors and video drivers. Some setups, such as the Colorgraphfc Super Dual VGA

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card, allow you to run several SVGA adapters and several monitors on a single Windows machine. While this may qualify as the ultimate Windows machine, sticking with SVGA and a good 15-inch monitor will suffice for most of us.

The Video Tally

Best video for Windows: Local bus

SVGA, 1MB or more video memory

Very good: SVGA, 1MB or more video

memory

Economical: SVGA or VGA

Unsatisfactory: EGA, CGA, Hercules,

oddball standards

Luxury Items Worthy of Consideration

Why limit yourself oniy to a fast CPU, a large hard drive, mountains of memo- ry, and vivacious video when creating

Mail-order Mochines to Fit the Bill

The ultimate Windows machine is . . . just about anyone's guess. Truthfully. just about any manufacture can con- figure the ultimate Windows machine. You need to know the contents of the

box and the phone number of your favorite dealer (the cash comes later). All told, the following system or one very similar qualifies as the ulti- mate Windows machine.

CPU: 50-MH2 80486DX

Memory: 16MB

Hard drive: 320MB, 20 ms, EISA

SCSI

Video: Local bus SVGA. 1MB video

memory, 15-inch monitor

Other stuff: Both Sv^- and 5v^-inch

drives, mouse, DOS 5.0, Windows

3.1

This is the base system. Anything extra— CD-ROM, sound card, printer, scanner, and software^must be added as an extra; the idea here is to buy the basic powerhouse. To meet these requirements, I called several top mail-order vendors to see what they had available and for how much. Please note that the prices listed here are as of October 1992; current prices and configurations will doubtfess be different,

Dell Computers

(800-426-5150) Deli's ultimate Windows graphics workhorse is the 450DE-2. DGX. It's powered by a 486DX chip running at 50 MHz, and it contains Dell's own DGX direct video. The 450DE-2 is an EISA machine, complete with the required 16MB of RAM and a 330MB SCSI card. The monitor is a 15-inch flat screen, noninterlaced model. Dell also tosses in a Microsoft mouse, DOS, Windows, and one year of on- site service. The price for the com- plete package: $5,489 plus local tax and shipping.

The Dell salesperson suggested that we might want to go with the ATI Ultra card in place of the direct

video. He explained that the DGX system is really designed for high- end CAD operations, though it will certainly smoke on any Windows application. If we elected to use the ATI Ultra card, the unit's price would drop to $4,689.

Gateway 2000

(800-523-2000) The Gateway 2000 66-MHz 80486DX2 EISA machine easily qual- ifies as an ultimate Windows machine. The system to fit our bill comes with a 66-MHz 486DX2, EISA bus, local bus VESA video (the Uitra Store 24X). local bus SCSf hard drive at 500MB, and 16MB of RAM. A 15- inch CrystalScan 1572FS flat screen monitor, mouse, DOS, Windows, and your selection of Windows or DOS application software finishes the pic- ture. All of that lists for $4,240, plus a shipping and handling charge of $95.

CompuAcid

(800-925-7811) CompuAdd doesn't have an EISA machine, nor does tt offer SCSI hard drives. But the rest of the system does stack up rather nicely: an 80486DX2 running at 50 MHz, 16MB of RAM, two 200MB IDE hard drives for a total of 400MB disk space, local bus video, and a 15-inch monitor for $2,925. There is no tax charge, and shipping is UPS ground rate.

Extra goodies offered by Compu- Add are abundant. The salesperson suggested a tape backup unit, surge protection or uninterruptible power supply, plus an optional fax/modem card. The fax/modem deal was par- ticularly sweet: only $109 for the Intel SatisFAXtion card, which includes p rein stalled software.

IBM Direct

(800-426-2968) IBM Direct doesn't sell all of IBM's machines. Specifically, the high-end 80486 and MCA systems aren't avail-

able, which somewhat limits your selection of an ultimate Windows machine.

The beefiest system IBM Direct has available is the PS/2 model 35. That's an ISA PS/2 with a 20-MHz 80386 microprocessor, 2MB of RAM, and a 40MB hard drive. VGA is built into the PS/2 system. The entire price is $1,495, which also includes DOS. A mouse is $80 extra.

Needless to say, this system bare- ly qualifies as anyone's ultimate machine, but it's what IBM Direct offers. Upgrade options are avail- able, including CPU upgrades. The salesperson also reminded me that IBM offers a one-year warranty with 24-hour support and on-site service. If it's your dream to have the letters IBM on your desktop, this is your mail-order Windows system. How- ever, for only a few hundred dollars more, much more capable machines are available. (And you can always check out the local IBM dealership for its 80486 line.)

Swan

(800-446-2498) Swan offers both EISA and ISA machines, but when I requested EISA, the salesperson recommended I get the ISA machine instead. The ISA machine is the only model equipped with local bus video, which Swan calls direct bus. The EISA model would have to be equipped with a 1MB video card, which Swan admits would be much slower— and less desirable for Windows— than the local bus option on the ISA machine. The ultimate Swan Windows machine is the model 66DB. That's a 66-MHz 80486DX2 with 16MB of RAM, a 310MB SCSI hard drive, a 15-inch noninterlaced monitor, a mouse, and Windows. The system comes in at $5,625, which includes shipping (add tax oniy if you live in Pennsylvania). Swan also offers a gracious two-year warranty and on- site service.

50 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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the ultimate Windows machine? Many would argue that the ultimate Windows machine must also be a multimedia computer. They may even stretch it to include some type of desktop TV or video editing. Others may claim you need a fax/modem or a tape backup system to round out the ultimate PC. While all of these items contribute to an ultimate Windows machine, they're not as central as the basic four. In fact, few of the high-end systems from the national mail-order vendors (see "Mail-Order Machines to Fit the Bill," elsewhere in this article) include or even offer such options, so they remain luxury extras.

The first and most obvious addition to any Windows PC is multimedia. That's a buzzword for expanding a computer by use of sound, music, a CD-ROM drive, and sometimes desk- top video. While the concept may remain fuzzy, Windows is capable of supporting sound and MIDI, the Musical Instrument Digital Interface, right out of the box. So the software is there. Additional multimedia software usually comes with the multimedia PC or a multimedia upgrade kit. which can be purchased separately.

The typical multimedia upgrade kit includes a sound card, speakers, a

CD-ROM drive and its interface (usu- ally SCSI), and software. (The MIDI kit, plus any MiDl-compatible electronic musical instruments, are usually extra.) The price of these kits varies from about $400 to over $1,000 for sophisticated 16-bit setups. If you buy all of the parts separately, the cost will be more.

A modem or fax/modem card is another option worth considering for the ultimate Windows machine. Modems allow you to hook up your PC to the phone line and access online services, national databases, or remote computers such as the office computer, your home computer, a lap- top, and so on. The topflight modems run at the blazing speed of 14,400 bits per second (bps), with lesser models flying by at 9600 bps. Entry-level mod- els buzz by relatively slowly at speeds of 2400 bps and 1200 bps. Modems come in both internal and external models.

Better than stand-alone modems are fax/modem cards. These plug into your computer and give you both computer communications as well as standard level HI fax capabilities. Using your computer and a phone line, you can both send and receive faxes while in Windows. Higher-end

models come with on-board micro- processors that allow you to send and receive faxes without impeding the PC's overall performance. Special software that runs under Windows allows you to send a fax in the same way you send a document to your printer.

A tape backup system is a boon to any PC. Rather than mess with a stack of floppy disks, you can use the tape backup to archive your entire hard dhve onto a single inexpensive data cartridge. Special software that runs under Windows makes this painless and much more convenient than back- ing up with floppies alone.

Finally, you should consider some type of surge protection— especially in areas of unreliable power or where lightning sthkes are common. Varying degrees of pov/er protection can help insulate the valuable components inside your PC against electronic havoc. On the high end of the scale, adding an uninterruptible power sup- ply is considered a must for any PC whose contents you value.

Ultimate Stondcirds

Other items in the ultimate Windows machine are more or less accepted features on any PC: a floppy drive, either 3^'?- or 5^/4-inch or both; a serial and a parallel (phnter) port, or maybe two of each; a mouse and a mouse port— which are required for Windows even though the box says they're only recommended.

Creating the supreme machine for Windows can be challenging and fun. Paying for it is more challenging but less fun. Leading-edge technology — what Windows requires to run at its best^is something you can never really have; as technology advances, the power of your machine begins to slip through your fingers. So while planning and building are fun, the ulti- mate Windows machine you create winds up being for today and not quite for tomorrow.

In the end, the real question is how to spend your money. Do you really need the latest screamer with tons of power to run Windows? Not really. While the fastest CPU, gobs of memo- ry, a large and speedy hard drive, and decent video are important, you don't need everything and the kitchen sink to create a worthy, powerful Windows PC. By spending your money wisely and applying it in the proper amounts toward the proper areas of your PC, you can create a robust, muscie-laden Windows machine without going bank- rupt or losing any sleep over creeping technology. ij

52 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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Circle Reader Service Number 205

WINDOWS WORKSHOP

Clifton Karnes

TAPE BACKUP FOR WINDOWS

Windows has reafly upped the hardware ante. Most of us would agree that Windows helps us get more work done more quickly and with less ef- fort, but all this high-powered productivity demands some pretty hot hardware. Let's face it— to realiy run Windows right, you need at least a 386DX with 4MB of RAM, Su- per VGA graphics, and a 200MB hard disk (or a 100MB Stacked hard disk).

Make no

mistake about it:

if you run

Windows, you need

a tape backup.

It's this last point that Tm go- ing to talk more about— hard disk space. Windows pro- grams demand megabytes and megabytes of hard disk re- al estate. It's not at all unusual for a Windows app to require 7MB-10MB. Before you know it, you have a hard disk full of applications and data files— a hard disk you should back up. But how? If you're lucky enough to have a 400MB hard drive, you'll soon discov- er that you'll need nearly 300 high-density floppies to back up that sucker. With large hard disks, floppies are just not an option. So what do you use? In a word. tape.

Windows makes tape back- up an essential. But choosing the best backup system can be tricky First, you'll nee6 one that provides high capacity— at least 200MB per tape. Sec- ond, you'll want a system that's fast. Third, you'll want a system that has a Windows

54 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

backup program— so you can work while you back up. And the last consideration, of course, is price. This system should be under $500.

Is all this too much to ask? I would have thought so be- fore I tried Irwin's AccuTrak Plus(Maynard Electronics, 36 Skyline Drive, Lake Mary. Flor- ida 32746: 407-263-3500: $349; high-speed controller, $179). This superb tape sys- tem comes in internal and ex- ternal versions and can be used with your current floppy controller or with a special high-speed controller. The sys- tem stores as much as 250MB on a tape (with com- pression), and it comes with the easiest-to-use backup pro- gram Ive ever seen— EzTape for Windows.

I opted to test the internal model with the high-speed con- troller To install the unit, I sim- ply put the controller card in an open slot, inserted the tape drive in an open drive bay, and installed the EzTape for Windows software.

To get going, f pushed a tape in the drive and cranked up EzTape. The EzTape screen looks a lot like the Win- dows File Manager, display- ing a directory tree on the left and a file listing on the right. Above the tree and file win- dows is a toolbar with buttons for Disk, Library Tape, Mark, Unmark, Backup, Restore, and Scan.

Disk, Library and Tape are the three sources you can choose. The default is Disk, showing the files on your hard disk. To back up. you simply mark anything from a single file to your entire hard disk.

After selecting the files, you click on Backup, and you're presented with a dialog box that includes the name of the backup set, any password you'd like to assign to the back- up set, and options to reset the archive bit (the default), ver-

ify after backup, add to library, encrypt the backup file, and choose the level of compres- sion (none, level 1 , or level 2).

The only default I changed was the compression level. The default is none, which would only store about 120MB on my 200MB hard disk. I knew I'd need level 2 to push the tape's storage to 200MB.

After changing the compres- sion, I clicked on OK and lis- tened to the tape whir, it took about 50 minutes to back up about 170MB of data. The backup really did multitask. J worked in Microsoft Word for most of this period and didn't have any problems.

After making the backup. I labeled the tape and decided that I'd restore some files to test the system the next day. Little did I know that a malev- olent program would trash some essential data on my hard disk and make my first at- tempt at restoring more than just an exercise.

The next day 1 was running a beta copy of a program I was testing, and after a crash I noticed that Ascend, the per- sonal information manager I use, wasn't working. As it turned out, half a dozen files in my Ascend directory had been mangled by the beta pro- gram. Yikesl

1 cranked up EzTape and in- serted the backup I'd made the day before. I still hadn't read the manual, but it seemed logical to click on the tape button, which I did. After a few moments of whirring and flashing lights, EzTape showed me a tree and file list- ing of the backup files on the tape. I moved to my Ascend di- rectory and marked it. Next, I clicked on Restore, and in less than a minute, my entire Ascend directory had been re- stored. Everything worked per- fectly EzTape and the Accu- Trak had saved the day^and my bacon. o

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Circle Reader Service Number 180

TIPS & TOOLS

Edited by Richard C. Leinecker

Surviving disaster

with your data intact,

entering Debug

scripts the easy way,

wiidcards

and directories

56 COMPUTE FEBRUARY

l^rotect Your Backups

My staff of 12 programmers dutifully handed in their back- up disks on Friday, August 21, 1992, before leaving work. I put them in my desk drawer and left for home think- ing the company's data was safe and sound.

At about 5:00 on Monday morning, we caught the north eye wall of Hurricane Andrew. Before the wind-measuring in- struments broke, winds of 192 mph were recorded. The concrete utility poies that car- ry electricity to South Florida snapped like toothpicks. When dawn arrived, i didn't see a single intact roof in my neighborhood.

After assessing our dam- age, I decided to walk the two miles to the office. Planes from the nearby munic- ipal airport littered the fields as if they were a young boy's toys thrown during a temper tantrum. Our building came in- to view, and my worst fears were realized — it was de- stroyed. Out of habit I un- locked the door and walked to the pile of rubble that was my desk. So much for my backup disks.

The good news is that all of the equipment had been re- moved on Saturday afternoon in preparation for Hurricane Andrew. Thankfully, our com- puters survived, and we didn^t lose any data. But I've learned some lessons that will stay with me as long as the memories of the flattened houses in my neighborhood.

Backup disks that are near the equipment are only useful if a file is accidentally deleted or corrupted or if the hard drive crashes. In the event of a serious catastrophe, you're done for. Even another room in the same building isn't nec- essarily safe.

Here's what Tve implement- ed at work: I keep a set of backups in my new desk in

1993

case files are deleted or hard drive problems arise. I bring a duplicate set home with me. in case there's a fire or (heav- en forbid) another hurricane. I then send another duplicate set home with the company's president, who puts them in a fireproof safe at his house. I'm even thinking about getting a safe-deposit box at a bank for storage of backups.

Don't let luck be the crucial factor in whether your busi- ness or other computing enter- prise succeeds or fails. A little bit of foresight and effort can make the difference between a minor inconvenience and a major catastrophe.

If your business requires any kind of crucial data that cannot be lost, heed my warn- ings. Make multiple backups and keep them in multiple lo- cations. You never know when you'll need them.

RICHARD C. LEINECKER MIAMI. FL

Easier Debugging

Three different people submit- ted similar tips for making en- try of the Debug programs found in the "Tips & Tools" col- umn much easier. Their let- ters have been combined in- to a single tip.

Instead of typing the hex codes directly into Debug, cre- ate a file using a text editor or word processor. If you use a word processor, make sure that you save the data as an ASCII file.

Type the Debug codes be- ginning right after the line that says File not found. Note that the hyphen prompt is pro- duced by the computer and should not be in your text file. Each line of data will look like this in your text file.

e 100 BE 82 00 BF 41 01 31 ED

After all of the lines of data are typed in, check to make sure youVe entered every-

thing accurately. The next lines in your file should look like this.

RCX 56 W Q

Be sure to press Enter after typing the Q at the end. The number 56 in the second line will vary from program to pro- gram. It's a hex value repre- senting the number of bytes in the program. Once you have your script file saved to disk, type debug filename < text file (where filename stands for the name of the pro- gram you are compiling and textfile stands for the name of the file you typed with your text editor). If your prepared file is named test.txt and the com file that you're creating is called test.com, you'd type the line debug test,com < testJxt. The next tip spends a little extra time showing you how to use this technique.

Another trick you might want to try is to type n file- name.com on a line by itself at the beginning of the text file {filename stands for the name of the program you are about to create). Then send it to Debug by typing debug < textfile. The first line tells De- bug that you're creating a new program and gives its name. Debug does the rest.

EDWIN LEE WILLOWDALE. ON THOMAS S FREEMAN PACIFIC PALISADES, CA KENNETH B DAVIES BELLINGHAW, V/A

Wild Directories

I often find myself wanting to change directories with wild- cards. It's usually shorter to type r than thisdir, and it's sometimes convenient when you forget the exact name of a directory. Here's a short pro- gram that lets you change di- rectories with wildcards. Just

type cdw directory (where directory is the name of a directory including wild- cards), and it'll change to any valid directory on your current drive.

You can type in Cdw using the DOS Debug command. Make sure the DOS program called Debug is in your path or the current directory. In these exam- ples, the italic text is what the comput- er prints; the roman text is what you should type. One way to be sure you get these programs exactly right is to have someone read the numbers to you as you type them in. Another way suggested by one of our readers is to read the numbers into a tape recorder and then play them back as you enter the program code-

debug Gciw.com

FHe not found

-e 100 be 80 00 ac

-e 108 ac3c Od 74

-e 110 17 8b d6 4a

-e 118 04 3c 20 75

•e 120 00 b4 4e b9

-e 128721a b4 2f

-e 130 15 f6 07 10

-e 138 09 80 3f 2e

-e 140 b4 3b cd 21

-e 148 b4 4f cd 21

-RCX

CX OOQQ

:50

-W

Writing 0Q5Q bytes

-Q

If you'd like to try the method men- tioned in the previous tip, create a text file called cdw.txt that looks like this.

Oa cO 74 3c 37 3c 20 74 ac 3c Od 74 f7 c6 44 ff 10 00 cd 21 cd 21 83 c3 74 12 83 c3 74 Oa 8b d3 b4 4c cd 21 72 fO eb da

e 100 be 80 00 e 108 ac 3c Od e110f7 8bdG e 118 04 3c 20 e 120 00 b4 4e e128 72 1ab4 e 130 15 f6 07 e138 0g80 3f e 140 b4 3b cd e 148 b4 4f cd RCX 50 W Q

Then, from the command line, type de- bug cdw.com < cdwAxt. The com file

ac Oa cO 74 3c

74 37 3c 20 74 4a ac 3c Od 74

75 f7 c6 44 ff b9 10 00 cd 21 2f cd 21 83 c3 10 74 12 83 c3 2e 74 Oa 8b d3 21 b4 4c cd 21 21 72 f6 eb da

WhaJ's yt:

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Circle Reddef Sdrvtce Number 261

Need a network at home? See page 9\

Want to speed up Windows? See page 55

Don't like mice? See page 251

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will be automatically created. If you run Checksum on this com file, the result should be 062.

RICHARD C, LEINECKER MIAMI, FL

Long Lost WordPerfect File

If you're like me, you've got a million files in your WordPerfect directory. When your boss asks you to find a memo you wrote a year ago, it's hard to remember what you named it. It can be like finding a needle in a haystack. Fortunately, there's a solution with WordPerfect.

Log to the directory where the doc- ument is most likely stored. List the files by pressing F5. When prompted for the directory, type in the path of the directory you wisfi to search (for ex- ample. c:\wp51\docs). Once the files are listed, look at the bottom of the screen for the available options. Select 9 (Find) and then 4 (Entire Doc). When prompted for Word Pattern, type in a word (in all lowercase charac- ters) which would be unique enough to identify the document once a match has been made.

You might type something like over- time if you're looking for the memo that covered working overtime hours, WordPerfect will scan all of the files for the pattern you gave it. When it's done, it1! show you a list of files that con- tain the specified string. You can print the list on your printer by pressing Shift-^F?.

SUSAN KELLEY

MOBILE, AL

Better Zipping

As I read Gordon Newstrom's tip in the August issue of COMPUTE about PKZIP and PKUNZIP, several improve- ments came to mind.

Rather than delete all of the files in the directory after zipping them, use the -m option. This verifies the files in the archive and then deletes them from the directory automatically. If an er- ror exists in the archive file. PKZIP won't delete the files.

Another very useful option is -u. This updates the archive file with only the files that have changed. You can even combine it with the -m option by adding the command line switch -mu.

An option that'll speed up the actu- al compression is -ea. This will use the method called imploding. It's much fast- er and doesn't use much more disk space than the shrinking method.

One last suggestion is the -rp op- tion, which recurses subdirectories. By using this option, you can include all

embedded subdirectories in one ar- chive. You1l need to couple this with the -d for PKUNZIP. The -d option with PKUNZIP creates recursed subdirecto- ries upon extraction.

With a little planning and ingenuity, you can customize PKZIP and PKUN- ZIP to do almost anything. All of the switches can be easily added to Mr. Newstrom's batch file. clj^rk waggoner

SAPULPA, ok

Personnel Spoce

I have a number of computers, all of which must share peripherals like print- ers, I often have to use LapLink to trans- fer files from one computer to another, as hard disk availability varies across machines (it's also the simplest way to back up document and graphics files). For years I had to remove my computers from the desk to change the connections in the back, but I final- ly got smart. I left about 18 inches of space behind my computer desk so 1 can stand behind the computers and al- ter connections as needed. The hard part is not using this inviting space for storing old magazines and surplus of- fice supplies.

Instead of backing up my whole hard disk, I tend to back up only the files I have been working on. Tm much more likely to lose a single file or direc- tory because of carelessness than to lose the entire hard disk. Therefore, this kind of backup makes more sense, as long as I am diligent.

Another simple change speeds up printing from Windows. I have a laser printer that can print in PCL or Post- Script mode. Generally, I've found that printing in POL mode is much faster than printing in PostScript, and with Win- dows 3.1 drivers and TrueType, there's virtually no reason to use Post- Script anymore. The only times Post- Script is useful are when I want to vary the screen frequency of a gray-scale printout and when 1 want to print Post- Script patterns from CorelDRAW! These uses of PostScript are so rare that I leave Windows and my printer set for PCL printing by default.

WAYNE PALMER NEW YORK. NY

if you iiave an interesting tip tiiat you tiiinf< wouid help otiier PC users, send it along with your name, address, and Social Security number to COMPUTE'S Tips & Tools, 324 West Wendover Av- enue, Suite 200. Greensboro, North Car- olina 27408. For each tip we publish, we'll pay you $25~$50. All tips submit- ted become the property of General Me- dia International. n

58 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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What are

intemjpts, and

what kind of

trouble san they

cause?

INTERRUPTS MADE EASY

I've noticed that the subject of interrupts has come up a lot In the PC literature lately, !f you're messing with Windows, net- works, or printing (or any com- bination of the three), youVe per- haps heard people talk about interrupt conflicts, IRQs, and the like. This month. Til explain in plain English what interrupts are and what kinds of trouble they can cause.

There are actually two very different kinds of interrupts, soft- ware and hardware. In this ar- ticle, I'll deal with hardware interrupts-

Interrupts solve a basic prob- lem faced by any computer peripheral: how to get the CPU's attention, Lets take the example of a basic peripher- al—the keyboard. The key- board connects to the PC via a chip on the PC's mother- board, a keyboard controller. Whenever you press a key, the keyboard sends the key- board controller a scan code, which the keyboard controlier then offers to the CPU.

When I say, "offers," that's just what I mean. The key- board controller has only enough storage space to hold a single keystroke. Therefore, the keyboard controller must get rid of each received key- stroke quickly before the next one arrives. It gets rid of each keystroke by giving it to the CPU, v^hich puts it in the sys- tem's keyboard buffer.

That's where the trouble ap- pears. You see, the CPU is nor- mally busy doing things; it's not simply at the beck and call of the keyboard controller. How, then, does the keyboard controller (a) get the CPU's at- tention and (b) do it quickly?

Interrupts Versus Polling

Peripherals have needed to get the attention of the CPU

60 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

since the first computer. There are two approaches to making sure that the CPU gives that attention— interrupts and poll- ing. In a polled system, the CPU periodically drops whatev- er it's doing and asks the key- board controller, "Do you have a keystroke for me?" (Re- member that drops-whatever- it's-doing part; it'll be important later.) The keyboard controller either says yes and hands over the keystroke or says no. In either case, the CPU then re- turns to what it was doing. Af- ter some time has passed, it again checks the keyboard controller.

Think of a CPU polling a keyboard as being somev/hat similar to the situation you'd have if you had a phone v^^ith- out a bell. With such a phone, you'd have to periodi- cally put the receiver to your ear and ask, "Is anyone trying to call me?" It would be a pain, but it would simplify the requirements of the telephone hardware; the phone compa- ny wouldn't have to design a ringer into the system.

With an interrupt-based sys- tem, on the other hand, the CPU must be designed to ac- cept interrupts. That means that one or more of the wires ex- tending from the CPU chip it- self will accept an input signal from another circuit on the moth- erboard, a signal that says, "Come pay attention to me." The keyboard controller then is connected to one of those inter- rupt wires, and it places a sig- nal on that wire when it has a keystroke the CPU must han- dle, The CPU senses the inter- rupt and puts its current work aside, signaling the keyboard controller that it's ready to ac- cept that chip's keystroke. Let me continue my telephone anal- ogy at this point. As you've no doubt surmised, the interrupt signal is like the telephone's bell in my phone analogy. You can work continuously at your

desk without having to worry about whether anyone's trying to reach you or not.

Let s summarize what we know so far. A CPU communi- cates with a peripheral either through polling or interrupts. Polling requires less support hardware, but it requires that the CPU spend a lot of time checking with the polled periph- erals to see if they have need of the CPU's attention.

Which Is Better?

it seems obvious. Interrupt- based input/output handling is more than polling, in terms of the CPU's time. And aren't we always looking for faster performance from our PCs?

That's true, but polling has a place in the microcomputer world. For example, the Apple II polled its keyboard. And de- spite the fact that the parallel port has an interrupt line as- signed to it, your PC polls the parallel port, in all probability.

Why? The story starts in 1981, with the first PCs. They were sold with optional serial and parallel ports, and the first parallel ports were made, of course, by IBfvt, The PC architecture that IBM set- tled on made heavy use of in- terrupts, and the parallel port was assigned its own inter- rupt line, interrupt line number 7 (IRQ7). Unfortunately, some of the parallel ports in the first batch had nonfunction- al interrupts, the legend goes, and so IBM rewrote the original PC BIOS so that the PC sent data to the parallel port Via polling, not interrupts. Once the initial PCs shipped with a BIOS that supported polling of the parallel ports, all software that followed it— un- til OS/2 and Windows, as you'll learn in a bit— polled the parallel port, ignoring the IRQ7 that was assigned to the parallel port.

Under a polled system, the PC sends a character to the

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printer and then says to the printer, '*Did you prim that char- acter yet? How about now? How about now?" and so on un- til the printer finally says, "Yes, I printed that character." The PC then sends the printer the next character, starts polling to find out if the parallel port is fin- ished with that character, and so on.

Under an interrupt-driven sys- tem, the PC would just send the printer a character and then go back to work on what- ever it was doing. When the printer is ready for the next character, it taps the PC on the shoulder and says, *1'm ready for the next character."

The interrupt-driven systenn sounds more efficient—but is it really? Think about how DOS works — it's a single-tasking op- erating system, tf the PC is in the process of printing, then that's all it's doing. In the last paragraph when I referred to its going back to work on what- ever it was doing, I omitted the fact that there's nothing else to do, as most DOS programs are unable to multitask and DOS offers very little in the way of background printing sup- port. So in the final analysis, it really doesn't matter much whether your printer port uses polling or interrupts.

I also neglected to mention a benefit of polling. A PC-to- printer cable doesn't need to have as many wires in it if the interface uses polling rather than interrupts. Some of the 25 wires that go into the standard PC-to-printer cable are only there to support Interrupts, so they're unnecessary for most DOS-based systems. That's how some vendors have man- aged to cut prices on printer ca- bles; they just leave out the su- perfluous wires.

The fact that the printer in- terrupt IRQ7 is largely unused is useful for another reason. In- terrupts are scarce commodi- ties, and if the parallel port

FEBRUARY 1993

won't use IRQ7, there are plen- ty of boards that can use it! Many companies have in- stalled local area networks in the past four years, and many LAN interface boards require an interrupt. IR07 has served well in this function.

Windows and OS/2 Printing

So you've seen that many print- er cable manufacturers save money by leaving a few unnec- essary wires out and that steal- ing the parallel port's IRQ is the most forgivable of sins, as the computer isn't using it anyway, and it makes adding some nifty board like a LAN or a Sound Blaster possible. That was fine under single- tasking DOS. But what about OS/2 and Windows, which are multitasking operating sys- tems? Well, urn, there's a prob- lem there.

It should be obvious that an interrupt-driven printer inter- face would be a real asset to any multitasking system. If one program was printing and an- other was doing calculations, then the operating system could dump a few bytes to the printer from the first program and then do a few calculations for the second program. When the printer signaled that it was ready, the CPU could give the printer a few more bytes, return to its calculations, and so on. it's like getting the benefits of a mainframe from your desktop PC.

You can probably see the problem by now. There are many PCs out there whose owners have given their IRQZs away, so when Win- dows tries to print, nothing happens. Worse yet, when Windows tries to print, the net- work locks up (if the LAN board was on IRQ7), or the Sound Blaster starts emitting static. In the worst case, the system crashes.

Most PCs have two basic kinds of bus slots— 8-bit bus

slots and 16-bit bus slots. Let's consider the 8-bit slots, as they're the ones that have the tightest crunch for interrupts. The 8-bit slots support six inter- rupts numbered 2 through 7. Interrupts 0 and 1 aren't avail- able in bus slots because they're already taken up by the system's timer, which gets inter- rupt 0. and the keyboard con- troller, which gets interrupt 1 . Interrupt 2 is free on XT-type systems, but it's required on 286 and higher systems to serve as a gateway to the ex- tra interrupts provided by a 16- bit slot. Interrupt 3 is the inter- rupt for either COM2 or COM4. Since both serial ports are as- signed to the same interrupt, they'll only work reliably if you have one or the other. Interrupt 4 is for either C0M1 or COM3. Interrupt 5 is usually free on 286 and higher systems, as it's reserved for LPT2 and most of us don't have a second paral- lel port. Interrupt 6 is used by the floppy drive, and interrupt 7 by LPT1, the first parallel port, as I've mentioned earlier. Use those assignments as a guideline when assigning inter- rupts to new circuit boards.

What if you have one of those printer cables that don't contain the wires for interrupt support? You'll see trouble there, as well. That inexpen- sive printer cable that has served you for years may be the root cause of any Win- dows printing problems that you may be experiencing.

So if your printer prints un- der DOS but not under Win- dows, then one thing you should investigate is whether or not your parallel port has a free and clear title to IRQ7. An- other thing to try is another print- er cable; borrow one from a Windows workstation that's printing OK and put it on your system. If you can print with this cable, then you're OK on the interrupts, and you just need a better cable. O

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Format floppies

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FORMATTING MADE EASY

Formatting disks is one of com- puting's most annoying tasks, but witli the help of a couple of undocumented commands, the process can be made more tolerable.

I find disk formatting vexing because the makers of format- ting software are so deter- mined to protect us from our own foolishness that they make us answer several ques- tions confirming that we really want to perform the format.

OK. I'll concede that it's wise to have some safeguards against accidentally format- ting your hard disk, but there ought to be a less painful way to format a box of floppies. Well, there is— they just didn't tell us about it.

MS-DOS 4.01 and MS-DOS 5.0 include some undocument- ed switches that can eliminate the prompts that instruct you to place a new disk in the drive and ask if you want to for- mat another disk.

(Warning: These com- mands also eliminate the prompts that remind you that you're about to wipe out your hard disk. Be sure you know what you're doing before you try these commands. Read on for some safeguards.)

The switches are /autotest and /backup. Type format a: / autolest, for example, to jump right in and format whatever disk is in drive A. You won't see the disk statistics, and you won't be asked if you want to format another disk.

The /backup switch is simi- lar to, but slightly more ver- bose than, the /autotest switch. Type format a: /back- up to begin formatting imme- diately. When the format is com- plete, the program will prompt you for a label and will display the disk statistics before return- ing you to the DOS prompt.

These undocumented switches can speed up your disk formatting by cutting down on the prompts dis- played, but can you take advantage of this without risk- ing the accidental erasure of important data? With a little care, yes.

First, if you're using DOS 5.0, you'll find that even with these switches, the Format command will collect the infor- mation that's needed by the Un- format command. This can help you recover if you acciden- tally formal the wrong disk.

Second, you should re- serve these commands for mass formatting projects. When you format a new box of disks, for example, you know that there's no valuable data on the disks, so it makes sense to proceed as quickly as possible.

Finally, you should limit these fast-format switches to batch files so you can test to make sure the Format com- mand won't be used on a hard disk.

Take a look at the batch file below, called multifmt.bat. This program is designed to format several disks in the same drive with a minimum of operator intervention. After things get rolling, you need to press a key only when you swap disks.

To protect your hard disk, the program verifies that you've specified either the A or B drive as your target. If the drive designation checks out, the format proceeds immedi- ately. Otherwise you get a mes- sage reminding you to specify a valid disk drive.

At the end of the process, you're summoned with a beep. At that point, insert a new disk and press a key to continue formatting, or press Ctrl+Break to get out of the program.

By default, the /autotest and /backup switches format

the target disk at its maximum capacity. If you want to format double density disks in a high density drive, be sure to add the appropriate size specifica- tion switches. For example, type muliifmt b: /f:720 to for- mat 720KB disks in a 1.44MB drive.

To really speed things along, you can use the docu- mented /u switch to tell the For- mat command not to worry about saving Unformat informa- tion. This switch is appropriate with brand new disks, but it may not be suitable for disks you're reusing.

I like to keep several format- ted floppies on hand so I don't have to interrupt my work for formatting chores. I find it con- venient to run multifmt.bat whenever 1 take time to straight- en up the office. When the pro- gram beeps, I insert a new disk, press a key, and return to my cleanup. By the time my desk is clear. I have a fresh stack of formatted disks to car- ry me through the next week.

rem multifmt.bat @echo off for %%f in (a:

A: b: B:) do if (%%f)H%1) goto

continue goto help :cantinue

format %1 /autotest %2 %3 %4 echo Cliange disks to continue

formatting or press Ctrl-Break to

quit, rem The following echo command

proEfuces three beeps. To create

it, use rem a text editor that allows you to

enter a Ctrl-G character (ASCII 7) rem to create the beep. (This line

can be omitted if you prefer.) echo <Ctrl-G><Ctrl-G><Clrl-G> pause

goto continue :help echo Usage: MULTIFMT drive:

[optional parameters] echo You must specify a

drive name. Only drives A or B

are valid. a

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What programmers in C, BA- SIC, or Pascal will appreciate most is that the structure of a database can be changed with impunity and that adding data entry routines is trivial. In traditional languages, adding or subtracting fields to a ran- dom-access file structure re- quires vast receding and must be avoided.

You can create a complete database browser with a mous- ing, menuing interface in well under 100 lines^ncluding a custom data entry screen with error checking. Let's look at code from a program I wrote in under 15 minutes.

This code makes a box at the bottom of the screen that's 36 columns wide; has a shadowed, double border; and can be dragged any- where onscreen with a mouse: DEFINE WINDOW But- tons FROM: 20, 12 TO 22. 56 FLOAT; SHADOW DOUBLE.

Later commands such as ACTIVATE will use the box's name (Buttons in this case). The semicolon continues lines.

Later, this code displays the box and makes it active: ACTIVATE WINDOW Buttons. Now you can drag the box, and all of its contents will re- main neatly inside.

This code creates a row of

buttons within the box.

@ 0, 2 GET ButtomCmd PICTURE;

VNext;\<Previous;A<Quit'; DEFAULT D VALID ValldButtonO

The row of buttons is located at row 0, column 2 in the But- tons box. PICTURE is a terse but logical and easy-to-use miniianguage. The @* means buttons will be created. H means it's a horizontal row; use V for a vertical row. N means pushing a button won't halt data entry.

Identifiers such as Next will appear in the buttons; semicolons separate buttons. Preceding any letter in the but- ton text with the two-character \< sequence makes that an accelerator — meaning you can press that key to activate the button. The ?\ sequence means that the button is acti- vated when you press the Esc key. In our example, Quit can be activated with Q or Esc. ButtonCmd is the name of the variable in which the value of the button you click on will be placed; its default value is 0, \<Next in this case.

ValidButton( ) is a user-writ- ten routine that's evaluated when a button is clicked on. Because the row was defined in a floating window, you can drag the window, and all the buttons will stay in it.

A custom data entry screen with a row of push but- tons requires fewer than 24 lines.

DEFINE WINDOW Customer FRDM;

3,8X0 13,60;

FLOAT SHADOW DOUBLE USE Test ACTIVATE WINDOW Customer;

NOSHOW

@1, 3 SAY 'Name' @1, 14 GET TESTMame @ 3, 3 SAY 'Address' @ 3, 14 GET TEST Address

@ 5, 3 SAY 'Price* @5, 14GETTESTPnce @ 7, 3 SAY 'Phone' @7, 14GETTESIPhone ACTIVATE WINDOW Buttons @ 0, 2 GET act PICTURE;

'@*HN\<Prev[- ous;\<Next;\A<Quit';

DEFAULT 0 VALID ValldButtonO READ

USE Test opens up the data- base called testdbf. The @ . , . SAY lines display la- bels in the window at tine spec- ified positions. Data is en- tered at the @ . . . GET lines, and data entry is triggered by READ. Move between fields using the keyboard or the mouse.

ValldButtonO is called to handle the push-button ac- tions. Each button is treated as if it were an index into a nu- meric array, so Next returns 1, Previous returns 2, and Quit returns 3. All ValldBut- tonO needs is about 20 lines worth of CASE state- ments that call built-in xBASE routines such as TOP to move to the beginning of the file or BOF() to sense if the end of the file has been reached. ValldButtonO is called continuously until Quit is clicked on. The Quit case ex- ecutes a command such as CANCEL, which returns con- troi to the calling program or to DOS if it's an exe.

That's it: the beginning of a program that with two more pages of code can become a self-contained database man- agement system with a mod- ern user interface and error- checking logic for data entry.

With FoxPro, you'll need a $500 product called the Distri- bution Kit to create exe files. So is it really worth $1,000 to use FoxPro? Without a doubt. Being able to create a slick, working prototype in just a few minutes could mean that you'll make that $1,000 back— on your first job. D

66 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Break the Flight Simulatoi

sound barrier.

Sound, Graphics & Aircraft Upgrade

for MiCTWiOli. FligJit Sunui:iTi»f'

Mallard Software's new Sound, Graphics & Aircraft Upgrade for Microsoft® Flight Simulator^ brings new levels of excitement and realism to your flying experiences.

For a start, there's a full library of digital sounds tolet you experience everything from the roar

of your engines on takeoff to the

sound of your landing gear going

down. Plus, if your PC is equipped

with SoundBlaster^, you can even listen to the

control tower and flight instructor messages instead

of reading them.

Akltutl

You'll also enjoy enhanced graphics resolution and instrument panel detail with any VGA card and Super VGA modes with ATI, Video Seven and ET4000-based VGA cards. And since it includes four new airplanes — including the Mach 2.0 Concorde SST — you can literally break the sound barrier as your Flight Simulator trips become supersonic.

To find out more about Mallard Software's Sound Graphics & Aircraft Upgrade, our Macintosh® Scenery Upgrades or for the name of the retailer nearest you just call us at 1-800-WEB-FEET

Millard

This product requires Microsoft Flpghl Simulator Version 4,0 for MS* DOS computers.

Microsoft and MS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Right Simulator is a registered trademark of Briice Artwick.

Ail other trademaHo acknowledged. Copyright © 1991 Mallard Software.

Ctrcle Reader Service Number 119

SHAREPAK

Steve Draper

February's

SharePak features

something for

eveiyone in ttie

family.

FAMILY VALUES

This month, COMPUTE'sShare- Pak brings you three pro- grams for the entire family. We've included Commander Keen, the big winner at the shareware industry awards; Magic Crayon, an outstanding educational progrann for the kids; and BENny, a slick batch file enhancer if you're looking for programs that are guaranteed to be values, give the SharePak a try If youYe not completely satisfied, just re- turn it for a full refund.

Check out the award-winning Commander Keen.

Magic Crayon teaches coiofs ana shapes.

Commander Keen

Commander Keen was the first real commercial-quality game to be released in the shareware market, and it has proven itself to be one of the highest-quality releases of all time. In fact, at the first annu- al shareware industry awards last fall, Commander Keen took the award as the best shareware product of the past ten years. It's hard to ig- nore credentials like that.

Commander Keen features uftrahjgh-speed EGA graph-

68 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

ics and superb sound effects. The animation and scrolling are updated at nearly 40 frames per second — even fast- er than motion picture-quality cartoons, which are filmed at only 24 frames per second.

You play the role of Billy Blaze, an eight-year-old gen- ius who builds an interstellar ship from various household objects. At the first sign of trouble, Billy dons his broth- er's football helmet and be- comes Commander Keen.

Armed with only a pogo stick and ray gun, Keen trav- els to Mars to face the Vorti- cons, who are planning an in- vasion of Earth. Shortly after he arrives, the Vorticons steal vital parts off Keen's ship and hide them in their cities. Keen must explore the Vorticon cit- ies and find the missing parts. Along the way, you must help Keen overcome many diabolical traps and the weird, deadly creatures that roam the cities.

Commander Keen requires an IBM PC or compatible with 520K RAM available. You'll also need EGA or VGA graphics and a hard drive. A joystick is optional. The regis- tration price is $15.

Magic Crayon

Magic Crayon is a collection of three colorful and musical games for children 3 to 12 years old. Children will have hours of fun with these chal- lenging games and learn about the basic principles of color and shape at the same time.

The first game is Coloring Book, Its object is simple- color the sections of the pic- ture, using any colors you want. This game teaches kids about colors and lets them explore their artistic capabilities. The second game is Color Shading. Here, you can use any colors you want to coior various objects

in order to find the hidden shape. This game teaches vis- ual perception and visual dis- crimination, skills that are im- portant in geometry and geog- raphy. The final game is Color Memory, an excellent game for building memory and con- centration skills. First, you'll see a colored picture for 30 seconds. Try to memorize the exact colors of this picture. Then, when the colors disap- pear, your goal is to color in all the sections of the picture, using the exact colors of the original.

Other features of Magic Crayon include two levels of difficulty, easy menu opera- tion, online help, mouse sup- port, scorekeeping, and dot- matrix printer support.

Magic Crayon requires an IBM PC or compatible with 256K RAM. an EGA or VGA display, and a Microsoft or compatible mouse. The regis- tration price is $18.

BENiiy

BENny is a batch file en- hancer or stand-alone tool that's easy to use and adds both coior and utility to your batch files. It contains sever- al straightforward commands that can be used from the command line or from a text file.

Batch files are, as a rule, pretty dull to look at— just some white text on a black background. BENny breaks all the rules. Now. your batch files will explode with colon ac- tion, and sound. It takes just a few simple commands. BEN- ny includes commands for win- dows, selectors, text, and more. For example, one sim- ple command can give you windows with single- or dou- ble-line borders, shadows, or an exploding feature.

BENny runs on any IBM PC or compatible with a color monitor. The registration price IS $5. n

With cannPUTE's SharePak, You'll

SHARE IN THE SAVINGS!

SAVE TIME

We carefully select and test all programs for you

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Each disk includes two to five programs for one low price

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Our free DOS shell lets you bypass the DOS command line

February's

SharePak

disk

$1.99

per program!

Back Issues Available

NOV 89: CheckMate, maintain multiple checking and savings ac- counts; Contact Manager, keep track of all your contacts. {#CDSK1189)

FEB 90: Fastbuffer, speed up key-repeat rates; F!u Shot, ward off computer viruses; PC-KWIK speed up your hard disk access; CompuShow, view GIF pictures on your PC. #CDSK0290)

APR 90: Pianoman^ p!ay and record music on your keyboard; Tune Trivia, test your music trivia; Morse Code Trainer, increase your Morse code proficiency; RealSourjd Sampler, create digit- ized sounds. (#CDSK0490)

DEC 90: Audiolog, catalog your audio collections; VideoTest, ad- just your monitor for maximum performance; Video Librarian, track your VCR tapes, {#CDSK1290)

FEB 91 : Our United States, develop your knowledge of the U,S.; Trivia Whiz, great trivia game; Word Whiz, great vocabulary drill/ game; The World, enhance your world geography. (#CDSK0291)

MAY 91: Click! Filer, excellent program manager and file man- ager; PBIcon, make your own icons for Windows applications; PCBUDGET full-featured budgeting tool; Resume Professional, create the best possible resume, (#CDSK0591)

JUL 91: SimplyWrite, exceptional ASCII text editor; PROspector, keep track of business prospects; Fiiesync, quickly update the right files. (#CDSK0791}

COMPUTE'S SharePak disk contains the best of shareware — handpicked and tested by our staff— to complement this month's focus. You'll sample entertainment, learning, and home office software at a great savings. Each S/)arePa/c disk includes two to five programs plus complete documentation for one low price:

$5.95 for 5y4-mch disk $6.95 for 3y2-inch disk

For even more savings, Subscribe to SharePak and receive COMPUTE'S SuperShell FREE!

For a limited time, you can subscribe to COMPUTE'S SharePak and save more than 37% off the regular cost of the disks— plus get COMPUTE'S SuperShell FREE. With a one-year paid subscription, you'll get

• A new SVe- or 5y4-inch disk delivered to your home every month

• Savings of over 37% off the regular disk prices

• Advance notices of COMPUTE special offers

• COMPUTE'S SuperShell at no additional cost!

Subscribe for a year at the special rates of $59.95 for SV^-inch disks and $64.95 for 3y2-inch disks— and get COMPUTE'S SuperShell FREE!

COMPUTE'S SuperShell requires DOS 3.0 or higher.

Disks available only for IBM PC and compatibles. Offer good wfiile supplies last.

For Single Disks

Please indicate how many disks of eacti format you would like: Sy^-inch at $5.95 3V2-lnch at §6.95

This month's disk

#CDSK1189 ,^ .

#CDSK0290

#CDSK0490

#CDSK1290 _____

#CDSK0291

#CDSK0591 ■ ^. _.-.- ^

#CDSK0791 -

Subtotal

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Shipping and Handling ($2.00 U.S. and Canada, $3.00 sur- face mail, 35.00 airmail per disk) Total Enclosed

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, S'A-inch at $59.95 per year 3Vj-inch at 364,95 per year

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All orders must be paid in U.S. funds by check drawn on a U.S. bank or by money order. MasterCard or VISA accepted for orders over $20. This offer will be filled only at the above address and is not made in conjunction with any other magazine or disk subscription of- fer. Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery of single Issues or for subscription to begin. Sor- ry, but telephone orders cannot be accepted.

Important Notice: COMPUTE'S SharePak is not associated with COMPUTE'S PC Disk. Please order SharePak separately.

BY PliniP CIIIEN

Fearsome

creatures

lurk ivitliin

the code of

benign

software. But

what are

viruses, and

how^

dangerous

are they,

I'eally?

Virus. The mere mention of the word throws computer users into a panic. But most people don't feel there is anything they can do besides panic and hope that a virus never comes their way.

Viruses can damage software or destroy important files. Any computer user who shares information with other computers should be aware of what viruses are and how to avoid becoming infected. Knowledge— not paranoia— is the most important too. in fighting viruses.

A HAIRY ANIMAL What is a computer virus? A virus is a program that attaches itself to another program. The virus replicates itself and spreads to other programs. As

programs are shared, the virus spreads geometrically, infecting more and more computers. At some point, the virus activates and performs its damage. This damage can range from a simple prank to erasure of all of the files on the computer's hard drive. In all cases, viruses are programs that were written by an outlaw — a hacker who specifically sets out to damage other people's computers. Viruses aren't the only things that can destroy your data. Also, be aware of bugs, time bombs, and Trojan Horses.

Kill a Virus

To identify, isolate, and destroy viruses— and then to repair the damage that they do— requires antivirus writers to think like virus writers. It's interesting to see the steps a software company goes through to create an effective virus killer. At PC Expo in New York, I had the opportunity to speak with Fifth Generation Systems about the procedures it went through to make sure Untouchable was safe, secure, and deadly. The key, said Jer- usalem-based developer Yuval Rakavy. was to create an antivirus system that would still be unde- featable if a virus writer had every byte of code in the program.

Afl antivirus products depend first and foremost upon a scanning program that identifies the signature code of existing viruses. This works very well for non-self-mutating viruses that existed at the time the scanner was written, but most scanners are powerless against new viruses (the National Computer Security Association estimates that six new viruses are written every day) and against the new self- mutating viruses that essentially rewrite themselves each time they replicate. In creating Untouchable, Fifth Generation Systems included a

scanner as a first line of defense and provided it with the ability to detect self-mutating viruses. The scanner can even detect viruses within archived files.

Many antivirus programs are shipped with a supplemental TSR that runs continuously, watching for certain activities that are typical of viruses, such as system calls to write to the disk. But because the activities they identify are also common activities of normal programs, TSRs set off many false alarms. TSRs are also very vul- nerable because they reside in memory, which is even easier to alter than disk files. So Fifth Generation Systems decided not to create a standard TSR but a supplemental scanner that examines the code in every program run and every floppy disk accessed by the computer.

The third leg of Untouchable is its integrity-checking system. On the hard disk and on a separate floppy disk, Untouchable keeps a check- sum of all of your programs. By having Untouchable keep a record of these checksums on a separate bootable floppy. Fifth Generation Systems plans to make it impossible for viruses to escape detection, since all executable file infectors must alter program code in order to

replicate themselves. The integrity checker examines the whole system each time it's booted up. Every 14 days, the integrity checker checks all executable files against their checksums online. Then every 21 days, the user is required to boot from the floppy containing the offline database, and the integrity checker will then check for stealth viruses. It will identify changed program files, including updated program files.

Finally, Untouchable uses this checksum to repair any damage that may have been caused. "It's as safe as restoring from a backup," says Vicky Gore, senior product market- ing manager. If Untouchable cannot repair the damage 100 percent, it will refuse to recover the file.

What's next in virus technology? Viruses can be written that piggy- back on other viruses and are set to activate only when the original virus is removed and its damage is repaired. Untouchable is designed to cope with this situation.

Are there any existing viruses that piggyback on others? "At this point, that's pretty theoretical, but it's a possibility," Ms. Gore says. "That's part of the game— to be able to think about where virus writers are going and to be able to protect users from them."

—ROBERT BtXBY

Bugs, or simple errors in program code, can be intentional or accidental. A bug can be purposely put into a program as a limitation, or it can be something that the programmer overlooked in the original pro- gramming. While a bug could conceivably erase all of the data on your computer, it doesn't spread to other programs like a virus. Usually, bugs simply crash the program that's running and do no further damage.

A time bomb is a routine within a program that "explodes" after a given period. Time bombs can be installed on purpose and often are installed with the user's knowledge. . For example, licensed programs that are only permitted to be used for a particular period might contain a time bomb that makes the program erase itself after a given date or a set number of times the program is used. Like bugs, time bombs are usually limited to the programs where they reside— they don't infect other software. But occasionally, a mali- ciously created time bomb causes damage that is quite extensive.

72 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

A Trojan Horse is a disguised program. To ail outward appearances, it's an ordinary program, but the program is actually a cover, with the true damage-causing routines hidden underneath. So, when you run the program, you might think you are trying out a shareware disk optimizer. Only after the Trojan Horse has run will you discover that your hard disk has been scrambled.

Stalking the Beast

Viruses are spread when software is transferred from computer to computer. Shareware and illegal, pirated copies of programs have gotten a bad reputation as vectors for virai infection, but it's possible for a commercial, sealed-in-the-box pro- gram to have a virus.

Sealed commercial programs are least likely to have viruses, simply because their distribution is more tightly controlled. A commercial program is generated by its author and duplicated by the publisher or subcontracted to a duplication house. Once duplicated, the program is

sealed and distributed, it's possible for the dealer to infect the program accidentally if that copy is used for demonstrations. But commercial publishers, as a rule, are extremely cautious about the integrity of their products, especially since the company's reputation could be destroyed if a virus is distributed with its software— to say nothing of the product liability considerations.

Shareware and pirate programs are duplicated, distributed, and duplicated again— often passing through several levels of users, A virus could find its way into a program at any of these stages. With so many distribution levels, it's difficult to track a virus back to its source.

As a general (although by no means absolute) rule, commercial distributors of shareware programs and major online services check all submitted programs for viruses before permitting users to obtain them.

Conceivably, you could receive a virus each time you get a new program, and it's possible your system could already be infected. You

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circle Reactor Service Number 227

The stale oHhe Virus

Here, in brief, is the vims story:

There are two general types of computer viruses: boot sector viruses and executable file infectors. Boot sector viruses occupy part or all of your boot disk's boot sector. They are spread primarily by booting your computer with a floppy in the drive and the drive door closed. If the floppy in the drive is infected, attempting to boot your computer from the infected floppy will infect your hard disk partition table, which will in turn infect any subsequent floppy you insert into the drive.

Much more pernicious and hard to guard against are the executable file infector viruses. These viruses attach themselves to program files (like exe and com files) and spread each time the program is run. Often, these programs also install them- selves as TSRs and infect every program that is run.

How Widespread Are Viruses?

According to Robert C. Bales, executive director of the National Computer Security Association (10 South Courthouse Avenue, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013; 717-258-1816), a survey showed that among North American corporations with more than 200 PCs (for a total installed base of 618,000 PCs), 63 percent had experienced a virus attack. Nine percent characterized the attack as "a disaster," with disaster defined as **20 or more machines affected and out of service for four hours or more." These companies reported average losses of $7,000.

Know Your Symptoms

How can you know if you are infected? Here are the most common viruses (provided by Fifth Generation Systems).

Stoned, Also known as Donald Duck, Hawaii, Marijuana, New Zealand, Sex Revolution, and Stoned !!, the Stoned virus is a boot sector virus. Once the computer is infected, Stoned goes to work relocating and overwriting your boot sector and partition table and writing itself to any floppies that you insert. On startup, your computer will display the message Your PC is now Stoned. More of a nuisance than a danger, Stoned can be hazardous primarily to very small hard disks whose FAT can be partially overwrit- ten by Stoned's program code.

Jerusalem. Aiso known as Fhday the 13th, Jerusalem B, PLC, and Russian, the Jerusalem virus is an executable file infector that increases exe file size by about 1800 bytes. The virus loads itself into memory, where it monitors your computer activity and infects your executable files each time they are run. A frequently run file may eventually grow too large to load. The virus causes divide overflow errors and snaillike system performance {within 30 minutes of infection, your computer's speed will drop to one-tenth its normal speed). If this is your first inkling of a problem, count yourself lucky: If the virus goes undetected and uncorrected, the next time the 13th of a month fails on Friday, you'll find yourself with no executable files on your hard disk and with a collection of damaged overlay files.

Disk Killer. Also known as Ogre and Disk Ogre, the Disk Killer virus is a boot sector infector, but its behavior makes Stoned look benign by comparison. Within 48 hours of infection, Disk Killer begins de- stroying the information on your hard disk. The only preliminary symptoms are a loss of 3K on floppy disks or 8K on hard disks, and cross-linked files. By the time you see the virus's message. Disk Killer . . . Warning! Don't turn off the power or remove the diskette while Disk Killer is processing!, it's too late. Disk Killer has begun to work.

Joshi. Also known as Happy Birthday Joshi, Joshi is a boot sector infector and a stealth virus, Joshi overwrites your floppies' boot sectors and your hard disk's boot sector and partition table with its own code. It's a fairly clever virus in that it knows when you are trying to detect it with a scanner, and it will make things look as if nothing is wrong with your boot sector or partition table — hence the name stealth. It writes to your 1.2iV1B floppies as if they were 360K flop- pies. The information it writes will remain accessible until you remove Joshi. Then that information wiil only be accessible if you change the 1.2MB media descriptor byte to make the disk look like a 360K disk. On January 5, Joshi will display the message type IHappy Birthday Joshi! and lock up your computer until you do so.

Cascade. Also known as 1701, 1704, Fall, or Falling Letters, Cas-

cade is one of the more famous executable file infector viruses. It infects com files, increasing their size by about 1700 bytes. It loads itself as a TSR and infects any com files you run. It causes characters to cascade down a VGA or CGA screen.

Dark Avenger. Also known as 1989, Bulgaria, or Sophia, the Dark Avenger executable file infector virus is as scary as its name. It attaches itself to com, exe, and overlay files, adding about 1800 bytes to their size. It loads itself as a TSR and spreads its infection almost every time you access your disk. Every sixteenth time Dark Avenger runs, it ovehA/rites a sector at random (which can cause cross-linking and damage to your FAT). On a large hard disk, the virus can run rampant for some time before it's detected. By then, large areas of your hard disk will be filled with worthless data. Infected files might contain ASCII messages such as Eddie lives , , . somewhere in time, Diana P. and This program was written in the city of Sophia (C) 1988 - 1989 Dark Avenger.

Sunday. An executable file infector, Sunday attaches itself to com, exe, and overlay files, in- creasing their size by about 1500 bytes. Each time you run a program, the program is infected. If the virus encounters a system clock setting of Sunday, it will display this message: Today is Sunday! Why do you work so hard? All work and no play make you a dull boy! Come on! Let's go out and have some fun. The virus then deletes any files you run.

Brain. A!so known as Pakistani and Pakistani Brain, Brain is a boot sector infector. 1! moves and overwrites the boot sector of a floppy disk. When the computer is booted from a floppy, the viral code loads as a TSR and begins infecting executable files as they are run. If the floppy disk has no volume label. Brain will give it the label {C)Brain. If you examine the boot sector of the infected floppy from an uninfected machine, you will see this message: Welcome to the Dungeon (C) 1986 Basil & Amjad (pvt) Ltd. Brain Computer Service. 730 Nizam Block Allama Iqbal Town Lahore-Pakistan. Phone: 43079,442348,28053. Be- ware of this virus , . . contact us for vaccination, infected floppies may have cross-linked files and bad areas in the FAT. The two copies of the FAT will be different.

—ROBERT BiXBY

74 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SIMULATOR WITH LIVE LINKS TO MICROSOFT* FLIGHT SIMULATOR*^

Low fuel Mid-air toHisjons. Engine failure. When you control this

many aircraft at once, anything can happen. And does. That's why

air traffic control is such a demanding profession. And why

Mallard's ATC '"* is so much fun.

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Complex calculations. Fuel consumption and time projections. A

swarm of flight crews and tower controllers making priority

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Take the chair of the controller, handling all the traffic around a

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Circle reader service number 207

.d0i

Virus Pamnoia

One year ago, the name Michel- angelo panicked hundreds of thousands of computer owners. With the fires of hysteria fanned by news broadcasts and eager com- puter salespeople, thousands of antivirus programs were sold. Michelangelo's trigger date came and went with barely a whimper. A couple of computers turned out to be infected, and a few users found out that they had made lucky investments — ^successfully eliminating viruses, including Michelangelo, before they ac- tivated. But for the most part, users wondered what the commotion was all about.

Most of the media reports described the potential damage by viruses in great detail but over* stated the danger, implying that any computer could be infected and damaged by this one particular virus. The few stories that informed users that only certain people might be affected were lost in the flood of sensationalist stories.

The fake virus is an offshoot of virus paranoia. A disgruntled employee might purposely erase his or her computers drives, claiming that a virus destroyed the system. A careful examination of the com- puter's remaining contents can often determine whether or not there was actually a virus that affected the computer.

A good backup program is just as important as a virus detector, and using both programs should be a regular habit. However, users aren't as conscious of the potential damages from not backing up their computers. While your hard disk is always at risk from a virus attack, it's also at risk for accidental erasure. If your hard drive was erased by a virus, you should be aware that your backup probably also includes the same virus and must be carefully disinfected with an antivirus pro- gram to prevent your data from being erased again.

No matter how good a virus detector you have, you still need a good set of backups.

can get a virus from a downloaded program via a modem or from a floppy disk. On the other hand, a data file (text, graphics, database) cannot be infected because those files are only accessed when another program reads their data. (The Macintosh operating system is a rare excep- tion—Mac data files can be infected by viruses due to the way the IVIac stores data and resource forks.)

As a general rule, a virus only works on a particular type of computer. A Macintosh virus won't do anything to an MS-DOS machine or vice versa. Since viruses are programs, they have to run on that computer's operating system. However, it's possible for another computer to act as a carrier, permitting viruses to be transferred.

The best method of avoiding viruses is through awareness. Under- standing how viruses are spread and being aware of viruses each time you obtain a new program are the best ways to prevent a virus from infecting your system. It's still possible for a virus to slip through, however.

There are many good antivirus utilities— programs that specifically look for viruses and warn you when a virus attempts to infect your computer or to activate. Some antivirus pro- grams will even erase a virus if they

76 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

find one and attempt to restore your program to its original state. Com- mercial virus protection software ranges in cost from $19 to over $500.

A typical virus protection program runs from your autoexec.bat file and examines your computer's hard drive each time it's booted. Each time a new program is installed on your computer, the new program is checked to ensure that it's clean. As a general rule, viruses are detected by looking for known viruses and monitoring suspicious activity. Suspicious activity can include programs unexpectedly changing their size, routines monitoring the computer's clock (very often, viruses are set to trigger on a predetermined date), or routines trying to format your hard drive. Any of these can conceivably be part of a legitimate program, and antivirus programs vary in their ability to filter out viruses.

Always Check Your Sources

You should be careful where you obtain an antivirus program, If you obtain a shareware program or a copy of an existing program, you should be certain that it doesn't have its own viruses hidden within. There have been programs distributed as virus detectors that are actually Trojan Horses which install viruses.

The earliest viruses were relatively simple routines, and virus detectors could easily disinfect computers. Unfortunately, as antivirus programs became popular, authors wrote more sophisticated viruses that could hide from detectors. Stealth viruses are viruses that are specifically designed to avoid antivirus programs that search for viruses by known patterns.

The latest tools for virus pro- grammers are utilities that create self- mutating viruses. These viruses change themselves each time they duplicate. While self-mutating viruses are more difficult to detect, a sophisticated virus-detector vaccine system can prevent them from harming your system.

The important thing to realize is that the virus-antivirus war will never end. A brand-new antivirus program win only detect the viruses it's been designed to detect and patterns for similar types of viruses — ^including ones that haven't been written yet. But as virus writers get their hands on antivirus programs, they'll write new viruses specifically designed to outwit and bypass those programs. Fortunately, most antivirus software publishers offer low-cost updates to their packages, and update routines are often available for free from online services and bulletin boards.

It"s quite possible for you to accidentally hide a virus from your own antivirus programs. Compressed files use sophisticated routines to save disk and file space, making them especially efficient for modem transfers. Unfortunately, compressed code is more difficult to examine, and most virus detectors cannot detect viruses within compressed files. Once any files are uncompressed, they should be inspected by an antivirus program before you run them.

While you can use the best antivirus programs to protect your own computer, how can you protect data that you transfer to and from other people's computers? Whenever you give files to another user, you should always format the disk and then copy only the needed files to that disk. If the user returns the disk, you should treat it as if it were infected. Any files received from others should be carefully examined before use.

Viruses are a problem, and it's unlikely that they will disappear any time in the near future. But as with human viruses, there are sensible precautions you should take to prevent yourself from getting infected. In other words— always be sure to practice safe computing. U

i

t
iMingtlie World Unsafe l«r Viruses	WATCHDOG Armor— $445.00 WATCHDOG PC Data	Dr. Solomon's Anti-Virus Toolkit— $149.95. then $65.00/year for
Securtty-"$295.00	quarterly upgrades
	Fischer International Systems	Virus Immunization Program-
PC/Assure— $269.00	4073 Mercantile Ave.	Si 95. 00/year for monthly upgrades
Cente! Federai Systems	Naples, PL 33942	Ontrack Computer Systems
Information Security Division	(800)237-4510	6321 Bury Dr,
11 400 Commerce Park Dr.	Requirements: IBM PC or	Eden Prairie, MN 55346
Reston.VA 22091-1506	compatible, 128K RAM, hard drive	(800)752-1333
{800)843-1132		Requirements: IBM PC or !
Requirements: IBM PC or	VirusCURE PLUS— $99.95	compatible, 512K RAM
compatible, 640K RAM	Internationa! Microcomputer
	Software (1 MSI)	ViruCide Plus— $49.00
Anti-Virus— $129.00	1938 Fourth St.	Parsons Technology
PC Tools— $179.00	San Rafael, CA 94901	1 Parsons Dr,
Central Point Software	(800) 833-4674	P.O. Box 100
15220 NW Greenbrier Pkwy,,	Requirements: IBM PC or	Hiawatha, 1 A 52233-0100
Ste. 200	compatible, 256K RAM	(800) 223-6925
Beaverton. OR 97006		Requirements: IBM PC or
(503) 690-8090	Virus-Pro^$99.95	compatible, 51 2K RAM, hard
Requirements: IBM PC or	International Secunty Technology	disk with 240K free
compatible, hard drive	515 Madison Ave., Ste. 3200
New York, NY 10022	Virus Prevention Plus— $124.95 PC GuRrdiRn
Virex for the PC — S99 95	^212^557-0900
V II &/\ 1\Ji LI lO 1 \J \iJi-/'J • i-fi-f Datawatch	Requirements: IBM PC or	1 V-i* V^UCll VJICll I 1 133 E. Francisco Blvd., Ste. D
P.O. 80x51489	compatible, 640K RAM	San Rafael, CA 94901
Durham, NC 27717		(800)288-8126
(919) 490-1277 (voice)	Virus Checker—free on BBSs,	Requirements: IBM PC or
(919)419-1602(868)	$5.00 from Leithauser Research	compatible, 51 2K RAM
Requirements: IBM PC or	Virus Stopper— $10.00
compatible, 51 2K RAM	shareware registration	Vi-Spy— $149.95
	Leithauser Research	RG Software Systems
Vaccine— $129.00	4649 Van Kleeck Dr,	6900 E. Camelback Rd., Ste. 630
VacWindows—$1 29.00	New Smyrna Beach, PL 32169	Scottsdale,AZ 85251
The Davidsohn Group	(904) 423^0705	(602) 423-8000
20 Exchange PI., 27th Floor	Requirements: IBM PC or	Requirements: IBM PC or
New York, NY 10005	compatible	compatible, 128KRAM
(800) 999-6031
Requirements: IBM PC or	Virus Buster— $129.00	The Norton Antivirus— $129.00
compatible, 256K RAM	Leprechaun Software International	Symantec
(Vaccine), IMBRAMand Windows (VacWindows)	P.O. Box 66903	10201 Torre Ave.
Marietta, G A 30066-0106	Cupertino. CA 95014-2132
	(800)521-8849	(800)441-7234 j
ViruSafe $99.00	(404)971-8900	Requirements: IBM PC or
Executive Systems	Requirements: IBM PC or	compatible, 448K RAM
XTree	compatible, 256K RAM, hard
4115 Broad St., Ste. B1	disk with 700K free	AntiVirusPl us— $99.95
San Luis Obispo, CA 93401		TCP Techmar Computer Products
(805)541-0604	Clean-Up— $35.00	98-11 Queens Blvd., Ste, 20
Requirements: IBM PC or	shareware registration	RegoPark, NY 11374
compatible, 51 2K RAM	Sentry— $25.00	(800)922-0015
	shareware registration	(718)997-6666
Untouchable— $99.00	Viruscan— $25.00	(718) 520-0170 (fax)
Fifth Generation Systems	shareware registration	Requirements: IBM PC or
P.O. Box 83560	Vshield— $25.00	compatible, 256K RAM
Baton Rouge, LA 70884-3560	shareware registration
(800) 873-4384	McAfee Associates	PC-cillin— $139.00
(504)291-7221	3350 Scott Blvd., BIdg. 14	PC Rx (a software-only version of
Requirements: IBM PC or com-	Santa Clara, CA 95054-3107	PC-cillin)"$69.00
patible, 51 2K RAM, hard drive	(408) 988-3832 (voice)	Trend Micro Devices '
	(408) 988-4004 (BBS)	2421 W. 205th St, Ste. D-100
	Requirements: IBM PC or	Torrance, 0 A 90501
	compatible, 320K RAM	(800) 228-5651 | Requirements: IBM PC or '
		compaiiDie, yr\ riAivi, one do-
	pin parallel port (for PC-cillin)

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE 77

PRODUCTIVITY CHOICE

Get in on what could be

tonnorrow's standards with these new,

original drawing tools.

William Harrel

INTELLIDRAW1.0

What do you get when you combine a draw program with rudimentary CAD and presentation features? Inte!- iiDraw, the exciting new Aldus addition to the Win- dows draw-program mar- ket. But InteiiiDraw is not just another vector graph- ics program. Sure, it sports a standard draw- program interface with Bezier drawing and edit- ing, but it's also equipped with sophisticat- ed technical drawing and simple animation.

Whether you need to cre- ate simple drawings to embel- lish reports or drav/ up plans to redesign the office floor plan, InteiiiDraw will make your job easier and more fun.

It's a snap to instali the pro- gram: Just fire up the installa- tion program, and you're done. It is not, however, as easy to learn, InteiiiDraw is powerful; you'il have to spend some time with it to master all of its rich, innova- tive features. Some of the pain of learning the program is assuaged with a well-done 90-minute training video that covers almost all the impor- tant features. After watching it, I understood IntelliDraw's sheer power and couldn't wait to get started. If you're se- rious about mastering it. how- ever, you'll want to watch the video more than once— it cov- ers a lot of territory.

Like most high-end draw programs, InteiiiDraw sup- ports multiple layer control, or layering. This feature lets you place objects or groups of ob- jects on separate layers so that you can show and hide them or work on them sepa- rately. Layering is a must

when you are creating com- plex drawings. A palette of ac- tion buttons lets you lock ob- jects on a page or link them to other objects as well as group and ungroup objects. The action buttons let you per- form a number of functions simply; other programs re- quire you to wade through end- less dialog boxes to achieve the same results.

Unlike other draw pro- grams, InteiiiDraw lets you add as many pages to a pro- ject as you like, which is handy for creating multiple views of the same drawing for proposals and reports or for creating animations with the program's Flip Book option. And, memory permitting, you can work on an unlimited num- ber of documents at once.

IntelliDraw's Toolbox is full of easy-to-use drawing tools, such as the Connector tool, which allows you to draw lines that automatically snap to and connect objects. Con- nections can be locked, stretched, rotated, or drawn at right angles. The program also introduces two new draw- ing tools, the Symmetrigon and Connectigon. The Sym- metrigon creates symmetric

objects with a variable num- ber of reflection points. In oth- er words, if you set the reflec- tion points to 4, when you draw in one direction, the ob- ject mirrors at three other points. There's no easier way to draw multireflected shapes, such as stars or pin- wheels. The Connectigon is a polygon tool that automatical- ly connects points of the ob- ject being drawn to points on other objects, allowing you to create complex shapes from multiple polygons. When stretched, attached polygons move together so you can sculpture shapes.

Another impressive feature is Auto Align. A pair of crosshairs follows your mouse as you draw, like auto- matic intersecting rulers. The crosshairs act as guides and run the length of the docu- ment window, allowing you to align the object being drawn to other objects. Auto Align al- so lets you arrange existing ob- jects in relation to one anoth- er. When two or more objects are exactly centered, the guides form a cross over them. Unlike other draw pro-

78 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

grams (which use grids and an alignment dialog box to ac- complish this), IntelliDraw doesn't make you turn off Au- to Align to place objects free- ly, nor do you have to open a dialog box to align them. The crosshairs constantly inform you where an object is in re- lation to other objects in your drawing.

Keep Aligned locks objects into position in relation to oth- er objects. Aligned, linked, and connected objects keep their relationship to their coun- terparts, no matter how you manipulate separate objects in the drawing. If, for exam- ple, you move a wall in a floor plan, the other walls, hall- ways, and doors stay connect- ed and resize accordingly. This ability to automatically re- draw connected objects makes IntelliDraw ideal for drawing simple CADIike dia- grams, and layering allows you to get relatively complex. You can even assign measure- ment lines and figures that au- tomatically adjust themselves when you resize elements in the drawing.

Yet another slick feature is the user-defined symbol li- brary, to which you can add and delete objects. You can al- so edit symbols once they're defined. Symbols are linked. If you use the same symbol several times throughout your document, you can edit it once in the symbol library, and IntelliDraw will update eve- ry occurrence in the docu- ment. This is not. however, DDE or OLE and will not work across several drawings.

There's also a collection of intelligent clip art. You can add drawers to file cabinets or change the shapes of trees simply by double-clicking on them. For example, you

can change a pine to an oak with a couple of mouse clicks. Change a chair into a sofa by stretching it. No—you don't get a distorted, elongated chair, as you do with other clip art. This intelligent dip art actually con- verts the chair to a sofa.

Of course, IntelliDraw isn't perfect. Primarily because of the program's power, it's not always easy to locate func- tions. Many functions are orig- inal to IntelliDraw. such as cre- ating duplicates (complete with connections) by pressing Ctrl and dragging with your mouse. Therefore many func- tions aren't necessarily famil- iar or intuitive. Unfortunately, there are some common func- tions equally difficult to lo- cate— how IntelliDraw fits text on a path, for instance. Most programs have a simple com- mand for this function. But In- telliDraw requires several steps that entail ungrouping a text block and then choosing a couple of other commands to achieve the same effect. In fact, this particular function was so obscure that I had to call Aldus for help. There is, however, a floating Info win- dow (similar to some other pro- grams' status tine) that not on- ly tells you the name of the tool or menu item the mouse cursor is pointing to, but which also suggests what you can use the item for.

An important drawback to mention is IntelliDraw's lack of support for color separations. Creating camera-ready art for multicolored documents could be a problem. You can, however, print separate lay- ers, which will give you spot color separations.

Since IntelliDraw is support- ed by Silicon Beach, a subsid- iary of Aldus, the technical sup- port policy is different from

to Crcau' iiiul

Refine Pyiumit:

Drawings

A $99 Vithte ludtiiled biskk

IntelliDraw

the support policies of other Aldus products, such as Page- Maker and FreeHand. The company's usual support pol- icy is 90 days free and then paid support through subscrip- tion or a 900 number. Intel- liDraw support, however, is free for an unlimited period. This is good news because this program will take you some time to learn.

Color separation and com- plexity issues aside, Intel- liDraw is a great, innovative draw program, especially for just $299. It fits neatly into most applications, except for commercial prepress. And there's an identical Mac equiv- alent, so it's easy to distribute drawings across platforms or on a network. IntelliDraw is a solid performer. Spend some time to grasp its power, and it will pay you back double, ~S

Ctrde Reader Service Number 391

IBM PO or compatible (80286 requirad, 80386 recommended), 4IVTB RAM. £CA or VGA, Windows 3.0 or higher, hard drive, mouse, Adobe TVpe Manager 2.0 (not reQuired with Windows 3.1 or higher)— $299

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FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE 79

ART WORKS

Taking srrapstiols

with your

comnuler has never

been easier.

Robert Bixby

CANDID SNAPSHOTS

What are your alternatives when you want to get images into your desktop publishing system? The hand scanner is the first option to explore. Jn fact," if the hand scanner has one single purpose for which it was clearly designed, it was scanning photos into a comput- er. (Here's a tip: Buy a small sheet of window glass or thick clear plastic, such as a clear report cover. Cover your pho- to with it as you scan it with a hand scanner. Using the giass or plastic results in a much smoother scan and re- duces the possibility of scratch- ing the picture.}

COMPUTE has covered both color and gray-scale hand scanners in reviews and Test Lab, so most regular read- ers are thoroughly familiar with these options.

Another alternative is the flatbed scanner. These scan- ners have been available so long that they've begun to ap- pear regularly among resell- ers' wares. You can find a wide selection of good quality discontinued flatbed scanners

for about the same price as new hand scanners.

Watch out for outdated fea- tures lists when looking over this hardware (you'll probably want gray scale as a minimum capability; if you can get color or OCR with the scanner, you'll value either of these).

Recently, I had the pleas- ure of reviewing three pieces of imaging hardware. First, and by far the most expensive and capable, was the Canon CJ-10 color scanner, printer, and copier. It's based on the Canon color copier. If you make color copies, it's iikely that you've seen this unit in ac- tion. It's essentially a 400-dpi color ink-jet printer bound to a high-resolution color scanner

To turn the color copier into a desktop computer peripher- al. Canon added a control mod- ule on which the copier stands and a SCSI interface card for your computer. Using Aldus PhotoStyler, you can scan in images, edit the im- ages with a full range of tools, and then print the images.

One drawback to the sys- tem is that it uses special pa- per. This seems like an unfor- tunate limitation for a machine that costs almost $8,000. If. however, you are doing color proofs and standard-width {8 '/2-inch) paper is adequate for your purposes, I think the printer does a better job than the Tektronix Phaser, which is currently a standard in color proofing. And the Tektronix doesn't scan. It only prints.

But what if you don't want to capture an existing photo- graph, but you do want to get started in the art of electronic photography? Electronic cam- eras have arrived. Canon makes the Xapshot, and Lo- gitech makes the Fotoman. If you aren't interested in conven- tional photography and you don't mind being tied to your computer, you might consider purchasing a black-and-white

television camera (Damark has advertised a surveillance camera for around $200) or us- ing your camcorder camera in combination with Digital Vi- sion's long and growing line of image capture boards for the PC, Another option is Electrim. Electrim recently sent me two cameras for capturing imag- es. The EDC-1000 digital cam- era captures gray-scale imag- es of 192 X 330 pixels ($400). The EDC-1000C captures col- or images of 751 x 488 pixels ($950). As you will guess from the number of pixels involved, the 1000C will not work with a standard VGA card, although Electrim is working on more flex- ible software that will enable the color camera to be used with standard VGA systems at re- duced resolution. Electrim also manufactures a high-resolution 753 X 488 pixel gray-scale cam- era, the EDC-1000HR ($850), which also requires Super VGA for full performance but will op- erate at lower resolution with standard VGA.

There is nothing fancy about the systems. All you get are a camera head {a tiny black box about half the size of a bar of soap), a cable, a card, and image-capture soft- ware. More sophisticated im- age-editing software is availa- ble from Electrim for the EDC- 1000 for an additional $150. If you're interested (as I am) in captuhng three-dimension- al, real-world images making use of lighting techniques, these cameras will serve you very well. The high-resolution systems require at least 800 x 600 resolution at 256 colors. Electrim markets a Genoa Super VGA board for $190 that will fill the bill. Lenses are sold separately ($50 for a 16 mm, $60 for an 8 mm, and $180 for a 12-75 mm zoom lens). For more information, contact Electrim, P.O. Box 2074, Princeton, New Jersey 08543; (609) 683-5546. G

80 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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WHETHER you CHOOSE TO BE AN ENTREPRENEUR OR YOU'RE

ILLUSTRATION BY JOSE CRUZ

DROP-KICKED INTO IT, YOU HAVE TO START WITH A PLAN,

ON YOUR OWN

Back in the seventies and eighties, starting a business from home had an aura of mystery and glamour. Bright, young entrepreneurs taking on the stodgy corporate world. The two Steves starting Apple Computer from their garage. Ben & Jerry's. That sort of thing.

Nowadays, with America's corporations downsizing and the economy slowing to a crawl, starting a home-based business has become more of a necessity than an adventure for millions of reluctant entrepreneurs. Today's home business owners are less likely to be high-tech whiz kids chasing the American Dream than fortysomething out-of-work former corporate employees with mort- gages and kids. While they may

ARTICLE BY ROSALIND RESNICK

fantasize of one day getting rich, for the most part theyVe content just getting by. Often, the transition from office-based employee to home- based entrepreneur is a difficult one. Apart from the marketing, capital, and cash flow problems endemic to any startup business, there's also the potential for loneliness and isolation.

But a growing number of people are stepping off the corporate track and starting businesses from home^ people as diverse as Atlanta greeting card designer Lee Grey, Kentucky freelance writer Peter Lloyd, and California horse breeders Ken and Eugenie "Oogie' McGuire,

Grey, 31, formerly a software engineer, put his consulting projects on hold in June to devote his full attention to his fledgling business. Lloyd, 45, quit his job at an ad agency nearly three years ago to start a freelance writing business that includes radio voice-overs and commercials for car dealers. The McGuires, a husband-and-wife business team, still toil at full-time day jobs while building their business on the side.

And what about you? Are you still sitting on the sidelines, afraid of leaving your dead-end job to leap into the unknown? Or has your boss already made that decision for you?

Here's a guide to starting your own business from home:

1. Choose a business. There are hundreds of businesses you can start from home^everything from desktop publishing and computer consulting to running a mail-order company. The key is to find the business that's right for you, the one that will turn your own unique blend of skills, experience, and interests into a profitable company selling products or services the marketplace demands.

It's also important to find out if working from home on your own is right for you. If you're the sort of person who needs a boss looking over your shoulder, then working from home may not be right for you. Supportive friends and family members are also important— especially when you're starting out and clients aren't yet banging down your door.

Lloyd says that after he quit his ad agency job, he got lots of calls from headhunters trying to lure him back to the office-based world. Fortunately, he says, his wife wouldn't hear of it.

"She said, 'Now, don't you dare take that job,' " Lloyd recalls.

2, Consider the legal implications. Do you need a permit or an occu-

86 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Common Sense

Thinking of starting a business from home? Often, the little things mean the difference between success and failure.

Here are some tips from Chuck and Sue DeFiore of DeFiore Home Business Solutions, a consulting firm in Rancho Cordova, California, that specializes in advising small and home-based businesses.

1. Read, read, and read some more. That's the only way to keep learning about your business— and yourself. Become a com-pulsive reader, reading things other people ignore. Don't stop reading when you think youVe run across something that has nothing to do with your business.

2. Pick a business name that describes what you do. A name that doesn't tell what products or services you offer can hurt your efforts to get your business off the ground. Avoid using just initials until you get as big as, say, AT&T. Also, when the time comes to create a logo, leave the abstract symbols to the faceless multi- nationals. Your logo should say what you do.

3. Sock away some money for a rainy day. Few businesses are profitable from day one. That's why it's important to have at least six months" living expenses in reserve before you quit your job and take the plunge.

pational license? Will you be required to register your business, get a tax ID number from the Internal Revenue Service, or file articles of incorporation? Check your local zoning laws. too. Many communities frown on home businesses in residential neighborhoods but make exceptions for professionals such as doctors, lav/yers, artists, and writers. As a rule, retail stores and manufacturing operations run from home are taboo.

3. Make a business plan. Most people wouldn't think of setting out to visit Aunt May in Iowa without a road map, but many entrepreneurs set out in their new ventures without even the sketchiest business plan. That's often a mistake because a well-written business plan can establish your company's goals and help you achieve them. When writing your plan, ask yourself what business you're really in, how market conditions can

affect your business prospects, and how you intend to marshal the human, financial, and technological resources at your disposal.

"Drafting a business plan was vital," Oogie McGuire says. 'We're looking at such a long time frame from starting our business to being profitable that, without the business plan, I wouldn't be able to judge if we were going in the right direction."

When it comes to writing a business plan, there are plenty of helpful files available online in places such as CompuServe's Working from Home Forum. There are also a number of off-the-shelf software programs that walk you through the steps of creating a professional- looking business plan. These include How to Write Your Own Business Plan, BizPlanBuilder, Entrepreneur Magazine's Developing a Successful Business Plan, and Tim Berry's Business Plan Toolkit 4,0,

How to Write Your Own Business Plan consists of four sections, First, a questionnaire containing approxi- mately 200 questions covering every phase of business operation helps the user understand what a business will require and whether it's likely to succeed. The second part of the software is aimed at projecting profits and losses to determine where the break-even point will be. This part of the software allows you to play what-if, so you can see the effect of unexpected events.

The third area walks you through writing your business plan. It includes sections such as Mission Statement, Competition, and Research and Development. The fourth section contains a sample business plan.

How to Write Your Own Business Plan was created by Max Faliek, a member of the Small Business Administration National Advisory Council and author of How to Set Up Your Own Small Business.

BizPlanBuilder is a set of templates to be used in your own word processor and spreadsheet. The business plan itself is prewritten in the form of modules, many of which are applicable in most situations. There are built-in comments providing ideas, suggestions, and questions to help you decide what information to include in your business plan. All you have to do to create the actual business plan is to fill in the relevant details and values in the files where XXX appears in the examples. The file format is a generic one that can be imported into most word processors. The financial spreadsheets help you make projections based on your best

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guesses about how your business will grow. To supplement these libraries of text files and spreadsheets, the manual includes a reference that explains many of the terms used and the strategies you should employ.

Business Plan Toolkit 4.0 follows the pattern of providing worksheets for use with your figures, but its approach to the actual writing of the plan is a little different. Instead of providing a boilerplate business plan to be edited, Palo Alto Software provides a business plan processor — sort of a cross between a database input form and a word processor^that lets you use your own language in your business plan while making sure the words are in the right place.

4. Line up financing. Many of today's big businesses started out on a shoestring. While banks often hesitate to loan money to small, untested businesses, there are other sources at your disposal — your savings, your credit cards, the equity in your home, your retirement plan, or even your parents' nest egg.

Your suppliers can also be a source of credit. The McGuires, for example, bought many of their Arabians at rock-bottom prices after the horse market had crashed. The sellers were more than happy to provide generous payment terms with little money down.

5. Invest in technology. Unlike in a corporate office, there's no secretary to type your memos, no bookkeeper to keep tabs on your accounts re- ceivable. That's why it makes sense to leverage your efforts by enlisting technology to do these clerical chores for you. Most likely, you'll need a computer, some kind of word- processing and financial software, an answering machine, a telephone with speed dial, a fax machine, possibly a modem, and a copier. While that may sound like a tall order, with PCs and fax machines plunging in price, you can probably get everything you need for under $2,000. (See "Quest for Perfection" in the June 1992 issue of COMPUTE for more information about assembling the perfect PC for various home business applications.)

Oogie McGuire says she tracks her business with an Excel spreadsheet and a specialized database program that keeps tabs on her horses' health records and expenses. "I know to the penny how much it costs per horse to produce," she says.

6. Polish your image. Professional- looking business cards and stationery often separate the successful companies from the wannabes. Remember: Being small doesn't mean

68 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

you have to look small-time. Luckily, there are numerous desktop pub- lishing programs on the market that make creating good-looking letter- heads a snap. (Check out "First and Lasting Impressions" in the May 1992 issue of COMPUTE for pointers on putting together your own business documents and designs.) And if graphic artistry is not your forte, you can always hire a professional to do the job for you.

Grey, the greeting card designer, helps promote his colorful, computer- generated cards with a business card that reads, "Grey Matter," in boldface type, followed by the words, "A Huge Conglomerate in the Mind of Its Sole Proprietor,'' Underneath this phrase is

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a showy black ink blot.

7. Set up your office. It's important to set aside a place where you can work in peace and your business proposals won't accidentally get tossed out with yesterday's news- papers. A good-size desk, a comfortable chair, a file cabinet, and a well-stocked bookcase are all important aspects of a successful home business. You'll get more work done if your surroundings look businesslike.

8. Decide on a work schedule. One of the advantages of being your own

boss is that you can set your own hours. Even so, it's important to set up a daily work schedule to give yourself some discipline. And if your clients are large companies, you may find yourself working business hours in order to accommodate them.

Actually, many home business owners don't run into trouble because they work odd hours or too few hours but rather because they work too many hours. Working long and hard can be a key to success, but if you don't pay attention to your personal need for rest and recreation, you might become a drudge. Drudges get the work done, but they often lose their creative edge, along with the self-confidence and energy needed to take on challenges. With your PC only a few steps away, it's tempting to spend all day (and all night and all weekend) toiling away. Remember to take breaks.

9. Market your services. No matter how terrific your business plan is, the world generally won't beat a path to your door unless you get out and do some marketing. While you may not have the money to take out a big ad in the Wa!( Street Journal, you can get yourself noticed by lecturing about your specialty to local business groups and networking within your industry.

If you have a modem, consider logging on to CompuServe and joining the Computer Consultant's Forum and the Working from Home Forum, McGuire says she's even used CompuServe to meet potential buyers for her horses and mules.

10. Plan for the future. While much of your time will be taken up with the day-to-day concerns of running your business, it's important to have a iong- range plan. That will probably mean expanding your business (unless you're committed to staying small), either through hiring employees and moving into office or warehouse space outside your home, teaming up with another company in a joint venture, or selling stock and going public. You may also want to consider selling your business someday.

While nothing you do will necessarily guarantee the success of your home business, following the ten steps listed above will give you a fighting chance. The most important thing to remember, seasoned business owners say. is that you shouldn't give up. No matter who you are or how many things you do right, there's nothing you can do to stop a market from shrinking or a major client from filing for bankruptcy. Even Apple Computer wasn't built in a day. J

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Circle Raader 5ervic« Number 204

PERSONAL PRODUCTIVITY

Daniel Janal

Be sure you know what you're

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WARRANTIES

You Ye racing toward a dead- line when your monitor blanks out, your hard disk crashes, and your fax card Is on the fritz. Who's going to pay?

That depends on what your warranty says. A warranty is an obligation to repair sonne- thing or replace it for free for a fixed period of tinne. Warran- ties are part of every comput- er and software sale. But if you read them closely, you'll find that warranties are very unique and individual. There is no universal code of law or conduct that covers computer parts, supplies, and mainte- nance contracts or service agreements.

Except in a few states, cus- tomers have no specific mini- mum rights to warranties or maintenance contracts. The Uniform Commercial Code makes some protections for the consumer, such as that the goods must be of an ac- ceptable standard, but the manufacturer can disclaim that provision.

^Tou1l always find the UCC disclaimed. Instead you'll find a limited warranty, a money- back warranty, or a store war- ranty. You get a limited warran- ty and little else," said New York area attorney Lance Rose, who wrote the book SYSLAW, a guide to the law for bulletin board operators.

Your rights vary from seller to seller. Here are some ques- tions you might ask the dealer about the warranty.

• How long is the fixed period of time?

• Who will pay for the delivery and return of the product?

• Will the work be done at your place or theirs?

• How long will repairs take?

• What are you supposed to do in the meantime? According to Rose, to be a ful- ly informed consumer, you should know the answers to

these questions. If you don't know the answers, you might find out the hard way.

"Buy from someone who of- fers a money-back guarantee or who offers to replace some- thing if it is defective within a reasonable period of time, such as 30-60 days," says Rose. "Aiso, make sure the sell- er pays for shipping and that there is no restocking fee."

If the company doesn't hon- or its claims, you can com- plain to the Federal Trade Com- mission or to local or state agencies.

The best way to protect your- self from all warranty prob- lems, according to Rose, is to pay with plastic. '1f you have a legitimate dispute, call your credit card company and re- fuse to pay when you get billed," he says. The credit card company has a resolu- tion process that manufactur- ers will abide by. 'It is the best possible remedy you have."

When you buy your equip- ment, the salesperson might ask you to buy a maintenance contract. A maintenance con- tract is an operational under- standing between seller and buyer. "You don't have any im- plied warranties. This is a straight contract. You get what it says, and you don't get what it doesn't say. If you want your equipment back in a month after taking it in for re- pairs, you need to have that written into the contract," Rose advises. "You have to look closely at the terms of the deal. You cannot presume anything. You have to look at whether repairs are done on site, by mail in, or by some oth- er method. Will they give you a leaner? Reimburse you for shipping costs? How will they ship? How long will it take to repair? You need to know."

A software maintenance con- tract should spell out such de- tails as how many hours of tech-

nical support you will receive and who will provide service.

"You should check out pro- viders of maintenance and find out if the people are expe- rienced," Rose said. "Mainte- nance can be done well, or it can be done badly."

"Take into account how long you plan to use it," he says, "For a lot of equipment, a main- tenance contract for a year or two might be too long because you can buy a new piece for a price that's in the same range as the contract price."

As computer prices fall, com- puter manufacturers are using service and warranties as sell- ing points.

For instance, Gecco Com- puters offers a two-year warran- ty on all parts, even monitors. It also offers two-year on-site service on all its sales. Dell Computer has a one-year war- ranty and an optional four- year extension. IBM offers a three-year warranty for its new family of premium PS/2 comput- ers, three years of on-site serv- ice, and a four-hour average response time. Its older PS/2 computers carry a one-year warranty.

Whatever the warranty states, follow these rules.

1. Keep your boxes so you can safely ship the product back to the manufacturer or to a repair facility.

2. Check the parts immediate- ly upon receiving them to see if they work properly.

3. Keep all paperwork, such as receipts, warranties, and contracts.

4. Make sure you have all claims from the manufactur- er or store representative in writing.

5. Pay by credit card because the credit card companies will hold payment and inves- tigate claims.

6. Deal with established com- panies who will be around long enough to honor their warranties to the letter, D

90 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Coming February 1st!

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DISCOVERY CHOICE

Gain a new appreciation for history with this detail-rich text adventure.

David Sears

TIME RIDERS IN

AMERICAN

HISTORY

How many dishes did the av- erage Puritan woman have to wash after Sunday dinner? Who held the higher rank, Sit- ting Bull or Crazy Horse? Enquiring minds want to know, because the despica- ble Thanatopsis Dread has sto- len a communications satellite and now beams warped, tabloidesque newscasts down to an unsuspecting pub- lic. "Teenage mutant babysit- ter gets hit with pie in face be- fore taking oath as first U.S. president!" Dread's trying to re- write history He seeks noth- ing less than world domina- tion. This is Time Riders in American History, and your mission is to discover the truth and tell the world before Dread succeeds.

You are a team leader- one with a lot of work ahead. You know the occupation of the first president wasn't ba- bysitter; it was general. But how do you tell the world? And when you know a news- cast is fishy, where do you look for the truth if you can't quite put your finger on it?

The last time many of us studied history, we probably studied it along with 50 other equally uninterested college freshmen or high-school sen- iors. Who cared what hap- pened when? We looked the future dead in the eye and pinned our hopes on ideal jobs. The past could remain unread or forgotten. Besides, didn't we know enough facts already?

George Orwell didn't think so, and if you've read his work, you might agree that a

sense of history would serve both his characters and our own American society well Sit down with Time Riders for just a few hours and fill in the gaps. Don't expect a smooth trip— the surprising potholes in your memory can jar you wide awake.

Mover mind that The Learn- ing Company targets kids 10- 17 as potential game players; the data here belongs to us all. Before you finish a mis- sion, you'll know who invent- ed the phonograph from who invented the telephone. You'll know that Puritan families shared a single pewter plate at dinner and had only one chair in their homes. You'll even know that Sitting Bull out- ranked Crazy Horse. If you al- ready know all these things, your kids may not. Let them have a turn at Time Riders, and they'll play for hours, gain- ing an appreciation for an of- ten shunned subject.

You'll have a lot of work cut out for you if you choose to play. Your team of crime solvers includes a time line sa- vant named Amanda and a mapmonger named Josh, both of whom prove very help- ful in collating historical data so that you can make an in- formed choice (or at least an

educated guess) regarding past events. The real time trav- eler of the group— a feline droid called KAT (short for Knowledge Access uniT)— will actually visit the past to snare a few interviews with the people of the day.

After each dreadful news- cast, you visit Amanda's room; she keeps her Time- Line unit there. Make a logical first choice from the descrip- tions of four eras that the ma- chine displays. Obviously, some knowledge of American history helps at this point, but a close reading of the descrip- tions will help most novice his- torians select the proper era. Once youVe made your selec- tion, you'll have to choose a period and then a specific year. This way, you reduce the game's span of more than 400 years (1492-1905) to a specific moment in time. If Amanda agrees with your se- lections, she sends you to Josh for some historical orien- teering. If she doesn't, you may try your luck with the Time- Line unit again.

Certain of his topology, Josh can help you find the ex- act spot an event occurred, no matter when. Using his GeoFax machine, you scroll

92 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

across a relief map of North America. Where was the O.K. Corral? Where exactly was the battle of the Little Big- horn? Click on the Overlay but- ton to drop a net of data over the otherwise unhelpful imag- es—plains suddenly become the homes of Indian nations; stretches of the Wild West re- solve into constituent states. Every clue helps when you must locate a pin in a very large hayfield — in this case, a whole country. When you pick your spot, head to the TimeTube to dispatch KAT to the past for interviews. Don't worry if Josh cautions against your choice of event loca- tions; before KAT leaves, you may reconsider them. Time Riders doesn't follow a point system, instead, naturally, you work against time. Too many mistakes on your part, and Thanatopsis Dread takes the world.

Once in the workroom, you just pull the launch lever to send KAT on her way to the past. When she returns, she flops over and folds up~a dis- turbing effect at first. But she does this only to project her re- corded holographic inter- views. These interviews grant you an insider's perspective on history And rather than pre- senting mere facts to read, the holographs make you feel almost as if you were gossip- ing with your neighbors.

As soon as you've gath- ered enough details to suc- cessfully operate the Biodata machine, you can choose your man (or woman). The list of historical figures ranges from settlers to Chinese immi- grants to Apache warriors. If you didn't know that you were after George Washing- ton, you might need every clue KAT's interviews could

provide just to limit your op- tions to a manageable few.

To further narrow the field, you might adjust the Biodata parameters to screen for gen- der and occupation. A search for a female social re- former consumes considera- bly less time than a sweep of all the biographical entries — time you must conserve in or- der to make the necessary da- ta uplink with Dread's news satellite. Miss the window, and you'll have to wait for to- morrow's news to try again.

Time Riders acquaints you with more than just major events. The weirder parts of history lurk there, too, like this entry found under the era heading 1824-1854: ^'Danger- ous hogs ran wild in most cit- ies. Hogreeves walked two by two scouting hogs. Used rat- tles and brute strength to shoo hogs away." Rattles? Brute strength? Who were these mighty men, these hog wrestlers? Did any of them suf- fer fatal injuries on the job? Time Riders turns up these da- ta gems, but gameplay may never reveal enough informa- tion to satisfy a piqued inter- est. Not quite a hypertext game, Time Riders fails on on- ly one count: It moves where it will, not necessarily where you need to go. On the other hand, nothing prevents you from consulting a respectable encyclopedia for further infor- mation, and a "read through" option could easily deflate the fun here.

The colorful Biodata por- traits of the historically signifi- cant make a fine addition to the game's detailed maps, and the browse function puts an abridged life story for each figure at your fingertips. Confident you can match the correct date and place with

the correct face? Skip the in- terviews and save some time; go to the Biodata machine and choose your person. Af- ter the uplink, you'll know for certain. Dread's skewed head- line goes through, or your ac- curate one airs. To borrow from Poor Richard (you'll run in- to him more than once in the game), "Haste makes waste." Any discrepancies in date, place, and person cause Dread to gloat.

Best of all, Time Riders doesn't exclude minority groups. It does an exemplary job of including historically sig- nificant v/omen, African-Amer- icans, and Native Americans. This is one well-rounded text adventure worth the time of any enquiring mind. D

Circle Reader Service Number 392

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FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE 93

MULTIMEDIA PC

With the Video

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David English

CUT AND PASTE VIDEO MOVIES

Wouldn't it be great if you could hook your VCR or camcorder to your PC and bring video directly into Win- dows? Wouldn't it be even bet- ter if you could save that vid- eo to your hard drive and then cut and paste the video into your Windows documents just as easily you can cut and paste words and numbers in- to your word processor and spreadsheet files?

Sound far-fetched? Not any- more. You can do this now by combining Microsoft's new AVI software package with a Video Blaster card (Creative Labs, 1901 McCarthy Boulevard, Mil^ pitas, California 95035; 408- 428-6600; $495). It's so easy that youll soon have video mov- ies with your kids waving to you as they say "Good morning, Dad" or *'Keep up the good work, Mom." You couid even send a Word for Windows file to your sister in Alaska with your New Year's greeting at the top of the page.

I wrote last month about Mi- crosoft's new AVI (Audio Video Interleaved) software package. It should be shipping under the name Microsoft Video for Wiri- dows by the time you read this. AVI lets you run full-motion vid- eo in Windows 3.1 with no ad-

ditional hardware— other than a sound card if you want to hear the video's synchronized sound. On the downside, AVI movies run at 1 5 frames per sec- ond (rather than the 30 fps that's standard for most video), your videos usually run in a 160- pixel-by-1 20-pixel size window (just one-eighth of a standard screen), and the files can be ex- tremely large (even com- pressed, a 30-second video can use up four or five mega- bytes on your hard drive). If AVI goes over as well as Quick- Time, a similar technology on the Macintosh, we'll soon see disk- and CD- ROM-based programs with lots of AVI files you can play with.

But what about making your own vid- eo movies? With a Video Blaster and a video camera, you can cap- ture your own full-motion video and, using the AVI utilities, save it to your hard drive as an AVI file. You can then use your standard Windows tools, such as Media Player, to work with your new video file. You should also be able to cut and paste your vid- eos into any OLE-compliant Windows application.

Even without AVI, you can use the Video Blaster to save in- dividual video frames in BMP, Targa, TIF. PCX, MMP, and EPS formats and display (though not save) a full-motion video in any size — from icon to full screen. A captured image can have as many as 2 million colors, but it can't be any larg- er than 640 pixels x 480 pixels. You can freeze, crop, resize, zoom, and scale single-frame images, as well as adjust their hue, saturation, brightness,

and contrast. A JPEG (Joint Pho- tographic Expert Group) com- pression kit lets you compress your captured images to a frac- tion of their original size.

You also get a generous se- lection of DOS and Windows util- ities that let you test your Video Blaster's setup, adjust its set- tings, and switch among its three video sources (these can be any combination of compos- ite-video sources, including VCR, video camera, videodisc, and broadcast video) and four audio sources (microphone and line-in from the Video Blas- ter card, and FM and fine-2 from a Sound Blaster or other sound card). You can mix the four audio sources with the soft- ware-based stereo audio mix- er. And to get you started us- ing your video in multimedia presentations, the package in- cludes Macromedia Action, Tempra Show, Tempra GIF, and a handy utility, called MMPlay, that lets you combine animation with live video.

The Video Blaster card takes up a single 16-bit slot and requires Windows 3.1 and a VGA or Super VGA card with a feature connector. Not all VGA and Super VGA cards have a feature connector, so be sure to check with your deal- er or with Creative Labs to be sure your card is compatible. (Media Vision is working on a similar AVI-compatible video card, called the Pro MovieSpec- trum. which won't require a fea- ture connector.)

In the future, you can expect to see inexpensive video cards with buiit-in compression chips that will dramatically speed up your AVI files. These chips will allow you to expand ihe size of your video windows to half or full screen and switch to the pre- ferred speed of 30 frames per second. This compression tech- nology will enable us to over- come the next big hurdle in the transformation of the PC into a multimedia workstation. D

94 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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Introducing Video Blaster. Now A Picture Is Worth

Here's everything you need for full-motion video, image capture, graphics overlay even special effects. All the hardware, all the software, all in one box, all for just $495.

It starts with Video Blaster, an internal video card that lets you display and manip

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ulate full-motion NTSC or PAL video on a standard PC monitor. It also lets you input and mix sound from multiple audio sources.

You also get MacroMind® Action! ™ for Windows™ and Tempra™ for DOS. Both ga combine video with computer graphics

and special effects to create interactive presen- tations and multi- media training applications. There's also a Windows-based Video Kit with JPEG compression that lets you capture images and use them to spice up your DTP, database and WP applications.

And with over two million colors and video control of hue, saturation, brightness, contrast and RGB, you'll have enough video capability to make even the MTV guys jealous.

So visit your local retailer or call us at 1-800-998-LABS. You'll get the picture on affordable multi- media video. CR'^ TIV^

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ENTERTAINMENT CHOICE

You'll marvel at the fluid animation and oinematic

effects you see as you make your way

through this acclaimed action-adventure game, '

Alfred C. Giovetti

OUT OF THIS WORLD

The spatters of rain on the wind-screen obscure the view of the small road leading to the door to the underground linear accelerator laboratory. The driver of the car shields his eyes from the explosion of white light as lightning blasts the ground too near the car for connfort. As the man's hearing clears from the roar of thunder, he be- gins to hear the screech of brakes that bring the sleek blue sports car to a halt near the aboveground entrance.

The entrance opens quickly as the electronic surveillance identifies the would-be intrud- er as one Professor Lester Chaykin, a brilliant, young, crimson-haired scientist who is returning to complete work on experiment 23. He moves quickly to the desk and fires the particle down the mile- long tube which terminates in the chamber above the desk. As the particle travels down the chamber, lightning strikes and penetrates the tube. The lightning and particle mix and race to the chamber. Immedi- ately upon impact, the cham- ber, the desk, the man, and some other items disappear from our world, traveling a di- mensional rift to appear 20 feet below the surface of a lake in Another World.

Thus begins Eric Chahi's second hit computer game, which was two years in the making. The first, Future Wars, skyrocketed the small, French-owned Delphine Soft- ware into international fame in its partnership with Interplay Productions. This new suc- cess, Out of This World, was

first released in Europe under the title of Another World and has already won nothing but accolades and awards. It's an action-adventure game that requires thought in addi- tion to quick reactions.

As with Future Wars, the most striking thing about Out of This World is its use of cin- ematic techniques such as zoom, panorama, closeup, and scaling shots. The open- ing scene is well orchestrated and similar to the beginning of a movie, with all the ele- ments necessary to set the scene and build suspense. The scene where Chaykin ar- rives on the planet uses mul- tiplane animation of up to six planes, similar to Disney ani- mated films.

There are several levels of action, with the protagonist in the foreground plane, a carniv- orous beast tracking the hero in one plane of the back- ground, and even the moon on the farthest plane. Out of This World comes very close to being interactive cinema— quite an accomplishment, con- sidering its 16-color, predomi- nantly blue-, black-, and gray-

shaded palette. Chahi is a true artist and an avid movie buff, and his study of the cin- ematographer's art has result- ed in the flawless execution of the beautiful, highly de- tailed scenes that can only be referred to as art in action.

The animated characters are clear, sharp, and distinct portrayals that seem to be liv- ing, breathing creatures. This may be the first time flight sim- ulator-like filled polygons have been used in an action- adventure game. The poly- gonal graphics do not move to represent the 3-D presenta- tion of a static item but in- stead are adapted to portray in two dimensions the living bodies of the characters and monsters. By changing the lo- cation of the point that de- fines the lines of the poly- gons, the characters' move- ment is uniquely fluid. It's a flowing animation technique, one surprisingly realistic in its representation of the true movement of living tissue.

Out of This World is a com- bination of action and logical, satisfying puzzles. You move from the point of entry in the

96 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

world to the point where our hero liberates a world from slavery by his own struggle to be free of bondage. Many of the head-slapping puzzles link one screen to another with the use of logical clues that keep you conning back for more realtime action. One puzzle requires you to ob- serve an alien guard on anoth- er level— or, rather, observe his reflection on a metal ball At a precise moment you must shoot the bail so that it drops on the guard. It takes timing and precision, but it isn't impossible. If you think through most puzzles, you1! eventually gain the satisfac- tion of completing them.

Another integral part of Out of This World is the effective use of the alien handgun, a combination shield, blaster, and explosive fireball genera- tor. Knowing when and how to both use and recharge this weapon determines your fail- ure or success. You use the gun to outwit the guardians and monsters. The pistol ener- gy shield blocks blaster rays, whiie fireballs blast through doors, rock walls, and other en- ergy shields.

As in other action-adven- ture games, such as Gods and Prince of Persia, Out of This World has aspects of both the realtime arcade game and the graphic adven- ture. These side-scrolling, fast- moving games require you to think on your feet, or at least on the edge of your chair- action and fast reflexes alone are not enough to traverse the labyhnth of screens to the winning cut scenes. Even com- bat in Out of This World is a blend of puzzle and realtime action.

Out of This World is sprin- kfed with cut scenes, where

the course of the action is tak- en over by the computer, and you become the observer of a short movielike sequence. These cut scenes add to the game's cinematic quality and increase your involvement in the plot, which is in turn en- hanced. The winning cut scene is very satisfying and is of sufficient duration to re- ward you handsomely for your efforts.

Like any other good role- playing or graphic adventure, Out of This World has a save- game feature. By pressing the C key and inputting one of a series of codes at any point in the game— even for a short time after the main char- acter's death~you can re- store the game to one of many corresponding critical points in the plot. The codes are revealed to you after you've successfully traversed these areas of the game. The save and pause features in ac- tion adventures make the games more enjoyable, for they alleviate your having to re- turn to the beginning of the game each time you attempt to successfully traverse the game screens.

Music for most versions of the game includes a balanced and entertaining introduction, ending, and score mixed in Del- phine's own music studio. Over 140 fully digitized sound effects are used to punctuate the action and keep you in- volved with the plot. While key- board or joystick control is sup- ported, the joystick provides better control.

The only black mark I gave to Out of This World, except one for its brevity, is for its ar- cane, color-coded, symbol- based, codewheel. I had troub- le using the codewheel, even after receiving instructions

from the folks at Interplay.

What makes Out of This World so spectacular? Its sat- isfying blend of realtime ar- cade action, cinematic tech- niques, logical and workable puzzles, unique application of filled-poiygon graphics, excel- lent use of color, artistic graph- ics, engaging story, and per- sonality-filled characters. Be- sides, it's great fun. Many peo- ple will play it to completion just to see one more beautiful cut scene.

Out of This World clearly rivals any first-rate film pro- duction in its production quality and entertainment value. If you miss this highly acclaimed, award-winning action adventure, you'll never forgive yourself. "I

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to 1)0 had.

IF YOU CAN'T BEAT 'm MODEM

Playing against the computer is great, but victories either seem to come too easily or are nearly impossible after a while. What's needed is a true flesh-and-blood opponent. Thankfully, head-to-head (hu- man versus human via a mo- dem link) capability is now be- ing included in a large selec- tion of really great games.

I've always been a fan of flight simulators, and now more and more of them come

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equipped for modem piay. One of the most advanced sim- ulators, Falcon 3.0 (Spectrum HoloByte, 2490 Mariner Square Loop, Alameda, Cali- fornia 94501 ; 800-695-4263) of- fers breathtaking graphics and speed. Over the phone lines, the game presents you with a dogfight between F-16s (you can play cooperatively, but the dogfight is a whole lot more fun).

While Falcon is the current king of the high-tech, modern- era flight Sims, MicroProse (180 Lake Front Drive, Hunt Val- ley, Maryland 21030; 4 10-77 1- 0440) is soon to release modem-capable F- 15 Strike Ea- gle 111. From what I've seen, the graphics will be amazing.

MicroProse also publishes Knights of the Sky, a World War I dogfighting simulator. The graphics seem simple af-

ter Falcon, but Knights makes up for its graphics with incred- ible piayability. Hours melt away when you're playing, in Knights of the Sky, you're giv- en a choice of Allied and Ger- man planes to fly so you can set up a handicapping system based on the abilities of the plane, placing an advanced player in a primitive plane.

If flight sims aren't your cup of tea but you like the war gen- re, check out Perfect General (OOP, 1046 River Avenue, Flemington. New Jersey 08822; 908-788-2799) and the WWII Battle Set for historical war gaming. This war game places you in a generic WWII setting. The in- terface is a wonderful evo- lution of the old hex-grid war games of the 1970s. When youVe playing against a mo- dem opponent, the game takes on a new dimension: line of sight and hidden troops. It's very spooky to see a line of en- emy tanks suddenly appear- ing from behind a grove of trees.

If you prefer your war gam- ing to be more abstract, check out BattleChess (and the soon-to-be-released Bat- tleChess 4000) for Windows (In- terplay Productions, 17922 Fitch Avenue, Irvine, California 92714; 800-969-4263). The an- imations of battle coupled with the unpredictability of a re- al opponent work perfectly to- gether. And for some deep psy- chological reason, seeing the pieces duke it out and know- ing that there's another human on the other end make victory mighty sweet (and losing al- most bearable).

If war gaming isn't your style, there are a couple of

great addictive word games out there. Wordtris (Spectrum HoloByte) and Lexicross (Inter- play Productions) offer special delights in modem play, if words are your thing.

Most of these games con- tain a small communications program, allowing you to dial and answer. If you have a friend who owns the game, call your friend and get one computer ready to receive the call and the other ready to send. Hang up and let the computers do the work (the manuals do a very good job of explaining the procedure).

But what if you don't have a friend who has the game you want to play? Try the classi- fieds in computer gaming mag- azines. They have listings of op- ponents, complete with phone numbers, and lists of the games they have.

And if you find someone half- way across the country you want to play against, you don't have to pay premium tele- phone rates. CompuServe runs a modem-to-modem (MTM) gaming lobby, with a standard $1 2. 80-per-hour con- nect charge (for 1200- and 2400-bps modems), regard- less of who or where your op- ponent is. You can set up a pro- file of yourself or search the database to find an opponent and issue a challenge. You fi- nally meet in the MTM lobby, where you can chat and then begin play.

To use this service, you'll need a communications pro- gram that allows you to exit without hanging up (such as Procomm Plus). CompuServe will prompt both players to ex- it and start the game, and then you're playing. When you're done, you end up back in the lobby to set up for an- other game, issue a chal- lenge, discuss strategy, or just hang up. Use your mo- dem to mine the online world; there's fun to be had. G

98 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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Reality-whal a concept!

For the longest time, people have been searching for new realities — new worlds more interesting, more exciting, and more meaningful than the real world.

In the past, creating unreal worlds meant nothing more than daydreaming, wishful thinking, and simple fantasy. But recent developments in computer technology, graphics, and specialized hard-

ware have served to make fantasies come to life in a form that others can share, in a form that increasingly is indistinguishable from the other reality — the nonvirtual reality of ordinary life.

While the holodeck depicted on "Star Trek: The Next Generation" may be decades away, virtual reality — VR for short — is coming to be used for serious applications. Not just for games and recreation anymore, VR is now being taken seriously as a tool for creating environments that are either too difficult or too impractical to create in real lite.

What Is Reality?

VR couid be described as a type of advanced computer simulation in which the user doesn't passively view the artificial environment but, rather, interacts with it. The interactive nature of VR makes it possible for the user to become completely immersed in the environment.

Using VR techniques, a developer might create an opportunity to travel back in time and battle dinosaurs. Or an architect might construct a virtual kitchen where you could try out the stove, check the cupboards, and see if it's the kitchen you want in your new house. Or you might try your hand at surgery on a virtual patient. Or dock molecules together and actually feel the push and pull of atomic forces.

Using powerful, integrated computer systems that are capable of displaying

What you see with your eyes,

what you touch with your hands,

what you believe to be true

may be real only to you.

three-dimensional graphics and gen- erating stereophonic sound, together with specialized equipment such as head mounts, data gloves, and other I/O devices, VR can give a realistic portrayal of new worlds not yet created. The head mounts submerge you in the virtual, three-dimensional world by presenting your eyes with realistic images that instantly adjust based on what you're looking at, together with realistic sounds to make you feel that you're actually there. Wearing data gloves, you can manipulate items in a virtual envi- ronment^open doors, pick up objects, or cut into virtual patients.

Feed Your Heod

Mention VR, and many people will think of the movie T77e Lawnmower Man, which tells of a simpleminded gardener who is sent into VR to play Cyber Boogie and to experience teledildonics (virtual sex) and other unique pleasures. The plot turns on his inadvertent transformation into the malevolent and psychotic alter ego, CyberJobe.

While the experience portrayed in the movie is a far cry from current VR technology, the movie does hit on one truth: The most exciting work being done in VR is entertainment related. Instead of just watching television or guiding a tiny animated figure in a computer game, you can climb inside the experience of fighting opponents as a giant mech- anized robot, crashing a car in a demolition derby, exploring in a world of

checkerboards and ptero- dactyls, and nnuch more.

The Spetter of Virtualify

One line of VR products that has begun to hit the entertainment scene is Virtuality. With Virtuality. you can enter a simulated or fantasy world and interact with the surroundings — fight opponents with swords or drive a car madly down a racetrack.

Virtuality units, including headgear and related devices to give you a 3-D VR effect, have become more and more common at entertainment centers around the country. De- veloped by CyberStudio and marketed by Spectrum HoloByte, Virtuality offers VR game simulations are among the most realistic available.

Hook yourself into the headgear and data glove of the stand-up unit or take a seat in the sit-down driving unit, and off you go to another world. You can fight a space battle in Battle Sphere, go into an elf and wizard fantasy world in Legend Quest, smash up some cars in the virtual demolition derby Total Destruction, or go hang gliding in HERO. Want to fight opponents using a mechanized battle ma- chine? Play EXOREX. Finally, for a truly out-of- this-world experience, fall into Dactyl Nightmare to explore an abstract en- vironment of checkerboards

Realistic architectural designs can be "walked through" using Straylight's PhotoVR system.

Virtual reality promises pleasures undreamed of in real life.

and flying pterodactyls.

Virtuality promises to be a form of entertainment more realistic and exciting than anything previously created. These sophisti- cated multimedia systems contain a set of closely integrated components.

including Amiga-type pro- cessors, math coproces- sors, graphic chips, CD- ROMs, microphones, mo- tion tracking systems, and much more.

If you find Virluality's EXOREX particularly ex- citing, you might want to

give Chicago's Battletech Center a try. Located in the North Pier section of town, the Battletech Center is a complete entertainment complex devoted to space warfare. Your $7 buys a 25- minute experience includ- ing training, briefing^ and 10 minutes of actual playing time. You learn how to oper- ate a giant mechanized robot called a Battlemech. which involves responding to terrain changes, adjust- ing for heat dissipation, and laying out battle strategy.

The heart of the Battletech center is a room containing 16 podlike cock- pits. Encased in a kind of futuristic spacecraft cock- pit, you must learn to use over 100 controls while ob- serving the battle on fufl- color viewing screens. (Despite the large array of controls, knowing how to use 4 main controls will allow you to play satis- factorily.) During ten minutes of intense play, you must make critical de- cisions while being deluged with information. You have to manage Battlemech movement and firing, decipher sound effects, and choose strategies.

What gives realism and challenge to the Battlemech experience is the fact that you play against living opponents rather than the algorithms of a computer program,

Battletech and Virtuality appear to be only the precursors of a flood of VR

Myron Krueger's Artificial Reolities

Think of virtual reality, and the vision of a person fully suited up in headgear and data gloves comes to mind. However, many experts in VR circles believe that a person exploring virtual worlds should be free of the heavy burdens of tech- nology. In other words, you should experience VR unencunnbered.

Myron Krueger is one of these. One of Life magazine's 100 Most Important Americans of the 20th Century, he is considered the father of artificial reality. He is an advocate of experiencing artificial worlds without any kind of physical interface device.

In Krueger's artificial reality, art and science become interrelated, and the viewer interacts with and actually becomes part

of the new simulated environment. These inter- active environments react to your movements, allow- ing you to communicate with both graphical images and other users. You use your hands, your head, your feet, or your entire body to interact with these artificial realities. You can play with an animated animal, engage new art form called body surfacing (in which every movement produces fan-

tastic colors and sha- dows), or compose music and draw pictures with your feet. Participants in separate rooms can tickle each other, create a colla- borative finger-painting masterpiece, or perform free-fall gymnastics.

Part art form, parf tool. Krueger's artificial reality provides a more enjoyable way to interact with virtual reality while introducing a more creative aspect to the artificial environment.

102 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1992

*^^:.

Continuing our fifteen-year evolution of the best-selling flight simulation software, the voice of Air Traffic Control now comes alive for SoundBlaster users! Flight Assignment: ATP (Airline Transport Pilot) lets all computer users experience the wonders of flight watch the ingenious autoflight mode fly a Boeing 737, 747, 767, Airbus A-320 jet airliner or Shorts 360 turboprop across a scenery-filled United States. When you're ready to earn your wings as an Airline Transport Pilot, take the controls and fly any of hundreds of predefined flight assignments with onscreen text (and optional spoken) Air Traffic Control instructions and feedback. Or go explor- ing on your own in free flight mode.

'9^

As a fifteen year anniversary promotion, new ATP buyers will receive a free SoundBlaster-compatible Air Traffic Control voice module that will launch you into an entirely new level of flight realism, other leading edge features {full autoflight, structured assignments with grading, much more) have been newly refined to make ATP the standard in traditional fiight simulation software. For IBM and compatibles. Suggested retail price $59.95.

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options. VR theme rides and parks are being planned by Disney and Universal Studios, and similar attractions may soon appear in Japan,

Molecular Reality

It's not all fun and games in the virtual world. Re- searchers Frederick Brooks and Henry Fuchs of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill are using VR to study how molecules and receptor sites interact. Employing computer-in- tegrated head mounts and a mechanical grip, they set out to simulate the way molecules— and especially drug molecules and re- ceptors—join and dock, and also to examine up close how different mole- cules would attract or repel each other.

This kind of research is normally accomplished using plastic models, but VR simulations give an entirely new perspective to understanding why certain drugs work or fail based on dynamic, visual models. VR is also being tested as a way to look at various radiation treatment options.

The Deepest Cut

Joseph Rosen, an as- sociate professor of surgery at the Dartmouth Medical School, has developed a "surgery rehearsal" system that gives surgeons a virtual patient to work with, showing graphically what happens when parts of the

Oii^K ^'-'-\"^

Virtual ity provides vicarious thrills in Total Destruction.

Cyber Boogie is Hollywood's inlerprelation of virtual reality entertainment.

body are cut into. By using virtual scalpels and other instruments, surgeons can learn how the body reacts to certain procedures be- fore moving on to perform them on a live patient.

Greenleaf Medical Sys- tems, started by Walter

Greenleaf, has developed VR systems that allow aphasics (people who cannot talk, often as the result of a stroke) to com- municate using hand gestures while wearing a data glove. These gestures are translated into printed

text or synthesized speech. The same firm offers a line of products that measure the motion range of a disabled patient, and other products that analyze how a person walks, which is useful to orthopedists.

Costles in the Air

VR s uses go far afield, and uses currently under de- velopment demonstrate that it's as protean as the computer that serves as its brain. Air-traffic controllers may one day take direct control of the planes on their radar scope through VR. You mayve already read how architects and designers can place clients Inside rooms that have yet to be built. But even when a space exists, VR can take you there through robot technology — a particularly useful feature if the location is remote or inaccessible. One day, you might walk through deadly landscapes like the surface of the moon or the bottom of the sea.

Portal to the Future

VR is still a very young field. The level of sophistication of many of the systems is high, but progress must still be made in the quality of the visual images. Once the technology arrives, each of us will be like Columbus or Marco Polo at the portal of a new world of our own mak- ing. Neither space nor time is the final frontier. We have yet to set foot on the ter- ritory of pure imagination, □

Virtual Reality Studio

Want to experience virtual reality firsthand? Well, now you have your chance. An innovative 3-D graphics system called Virtual Reality Studio (available from Accolade) gives you a taste of what VR is all about.

Virtual Reality Studio differs from other graphics packages in that it allows you to create 3-D envir- onments and then move

around within them using your keyboard or mouse as a controller. The objects you create out of geometric solids can be animated and interactive. By putting these together, you can build a dream house, lay out a land- scape of geometrical objects, or create your own interactive adventure games.

This power does not come without a price, how- ever. Creating your own 3-

D environment takes time and practice, and it requires that you take time to learn how the system works. Also, in order to make your environment interactive, you need to use the programming language, which like any language, requires ex- perience before you can apply advanced features easily.

Virtual Reality Studio does require some effort to learn, but it's a very

good program for ex- ploring the power and promise of VR.

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104 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

64/128 VIEW

The future of Gazette depends upon

the support of its readers. Also, send us your

spreadsheet templates.

Tom Netsel

Now that RUN has joined such journals as Ahoy, Commodore, and Transactor m B-b'\{ heaven, a number of people have written or called ask- ing about Gazette's future. As a matter of fact, I just got off the telephone with one concerned subscriber who called from Australia. I as- sured him that as long as readers support Gazette with their subscriptions, we'll provide them with informa- tion, articles, and programs for the 64 and 128. As a mat- ter of fact, I have plans for something new, but I can't announce it until all the de- tails are worked out.

We have quite a few read- ers in Australia and around the world, and Tm delighted by their continuing support of Gazette. Like my friend in Australia, subscribers in oth- er countries have to pay about twice the price that U.S. subscribers pay Post- age accounts for much of that extra cost, and they get the magazine a month after the newsstand date. Look- ing at a subscription card in a recent issue. I see U.S. readers can order 12 issues for $9.97, (Prices may be higher now.) I see ads on TV for a pizza that costs more! That's less than 85 cents an issue! I hope you'll inform any former HU/V sub- scribers about COMPUTE'S Gazette edition— or the multi- edition which includes 64/ 128 and Amiga sections for the same price. Pass the word on your local BBS, us- er group newsletter, or tell your friends in person to send in subscription cards from the magazine or call (800) 727-6937. As Gazette Disk subscrib-

ers are aware, each month we provide one or two bo- nus programs that do not ap- pear in the magazine. The December disk included a bonus called SpeedCalc Help. It's a help screen that loads into our popular spreadsheet program.

That started me thinking more about spreadsheets and how useful they can be. I then began wondering about all the ways our read- ers might be using Speed- Calc. I'm sure many of you have devised interesting and useful spreadsheet ap- plications. How about shar- ing them with other 64 and 128 users? These files or spreadsheet templates might be stock analyzers, grade books, home budg- ets, conversion programs, or any useful application.

Send us a disk with a cop^ of your spreadsheet template that will load into SpeedCalc (or GemCalc, a compatible spreadsheet available on the Gazette Pow- erPak Disk). We'll publish a number of them as bonuses on future Gazette Disks, We'll pay SI 00 for each pro- gram we use. A simple budg- et ts provided on this month's disk as an example. Be sure to include enough in- structions within the pro- gram itself. It must be a sin- gle self-explanatory pro- gram that users can load into their spreadsheets, fill- ing in the blanks with their own data.

Send your templates— for SpeedCalc or GemCalc on- ly—to SpeedCalc, COM- PUTE'S Gazette, 324 West Wendover Avenue. Suite 200, Greensboro, North Car- olina 27408, Sorry, but no disks will be returned. n

GAZETTE

64/128 VIEW G-1

Gazette's future depends upon the support of its readers. Also, a call for spreadsheet templates. By Tom Netsel.

BAUDS MEAN BUCKS G-3

Get the most information for the least amount of money when you go online with commercial services. By Ranjan Bose.

REVIEWS G-8

Fastoffice medical software and c/ZeHarc/ magazine.

FEEDBACK G-1 5

Questions, answers, and comments.

BEGINNER BASIC G-1 6

Put the WAIT statement to work. By Larry Cotton.

MACHINE LANGUAGE G-1 8

Don't bog down your interrupts with slow code. By Jim Butterfield.

PROGRAMMER'S PAGE G-20

Here are more great programming tips from readers. By Randy Thompson.

GEOS G-22

If youVe a GEOS fan. you can't afford to pass up ail the great programs on OuantumLink. By Steve Vander Ark.

DIVERSIONS G-24

Are you sure that warm, friendly voice you hear on the telephone belongs to a human being? By Fred D'Ignazio.

PROGRAMS

Rogue Sunbathers (64) G-25

Space Trek (64) G-28

Push Button 64 G-30

EZ-Loader (64) G-34

Stock Analysis 128 G-36

The Automatic Proofreader (64/128) G-40

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-l

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Gazette Index $7.95

Every article and department from Gazette — July 1983 through December 1989 issues — is indexed: features, games, reviews, programming, "Bug- Swatter/' "Feedback," and the other columns. Disk features pull-down menus, help screens, superfast searching/sorting capabilities, and much more.

Best Gazette Games $9.95

Best dozen arcade and strategy games ever published in Gazette all on one disk. All games for Commodore 64. Titles: Crossraads li: Pandemc- niurr), fiostefbo// Sam & Ed, Delta War, Heat Seeker, Omicran, Powerbail, Q-Bird, Trap, Arcade Voileybail. Mosaic, Pawer Poker, and Scorpion II.

Gazette's Power Tools $9,95

Fourteen of the most important utilities for the 64 ever published in Gazette. For serious users. Titles: MetaBASIC. Disk Rapid Transit Mob Maker, Ultrafont+, Quick!, Disk Editor, Basically Music, PrintScreea 1526 PrIntScreen, Fast Assembler, Smart Disassembler. Comparator, Sprint li, and Turbo Format.

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Telecommunications is the magical process by which distant computers communi- cate with each other via tele- phone lines. For those just getting their feet wet in the sea of telecommunications, a primary concern is the speed at which modems communicate.

A modem is a device that converts (modulates) digital signals from a computer into audio tones that can be transmitted over phone lines. Another modem at the other end converts the tones back into their original dig- ital form (demodulates). Transmission speed is mea- sured in the number of bits sent per second (bps). Although a byte that repre- sents one character con- tains eight bits, a usual telecommunication byte is ten bits long. It consists of eight bits for the information or data and two delimiting bits that separate contigu- ous data bytes.

Theoretically speaking, a 300-bps modem can send 30 characters per second. A typical double-spaced typed page of 1800 characters and spaces would need about a minute if transmitted at 300 bps. A modem operating at 2400 bps can send the same page in 7.5 seconds!

A 64Vs commonly used modem speeds of 300, 1200, and 2400 bps are in a sense analogous to the XT, AT, and 386 technologies familiar to PC users. XTs

BAUDS MEAN

H

Time is money when you connect to commercial information services.

By Ranjan Bose

are inexpensive and ade- quate for some uses, but they're slow. The AT is more efficient yet inexpensive, but it's neither here nor there — similar to 1200-bps modems. The 386s are fast» very well supported, and available at reasonable cost— as are 2400-bps modems. To carry the anal- ogy further, the new super-

speed modems would be comparable to 486s.

Slower modems are the least expensive ones to buy, but they can cost you money if you use them on commercial online services. To give you an example of the savings you can achieve with a higher-speed modem, let's assume that an online service charges $6,00 an hour for 300-bps access

and $12.50 an hour for 1200- or 2400-bps access. If you were to access the serv- ice for an average of ten hours every month, you would be paying $60.00 for 300-bps access and $125.00 for 1200- or 2400-bps access. If you spend most of your online time download- ing files or messages (and not chatting in forums), you could download four times as much at 1200 bps and eight times as much at 2400 bps as you could at 300 bps — for just over twice as much money.

This ideal scenario is obviously subject to several variables, such as the condi-

tion of the phone connec- tion, the network load (ensuring error-free trans- mission), and the presence of either a DOS speed-up utility in your system or the ability to use an REU as a RAM disk.

If we consider the amount of data transferred at 300 bps over ten hours as an arbitrary data unit, each data unit at the above prices would cost $60.00 at 300 bps, $31.25 at 1200 bps, and $15.63 at 2400 bps. For a little more than the differ- ence in the cost of access- ing our arbitrary data unit at 300 bps as compared to 2400 bps, you can buy a 2400-bps modem.

Also, while a PC user cannot buy an XT/AT/386 combo, a 2400-bps modem will let you telecommunicate at all three speeds when necessary. If a BBS you call operates at a slower speed, your 2400-bps modem can slow down. You could use 300 bps when chatting online or typing messages, or anything else that involves online waiting or keyboard entry. Then use 2400 bps when transferring files. The 1200-bps or slow- er speeds can come in handy for those occasions when a phone line is noisy.

Data transmission is (ess subject to error on noisy phone lines when trans- mitted at slower speeds.

In Praise of Speed

I cannot help but toot the 64's horn at this point. Electronic eons ago when 300 bps was the 64"s telecommunica- tions standard, people thought that re- liable data transfer at 1200 bps and higher speeds was impossible be- cause of idiosyncrasies in the Commodore Kernal routines. At any rate, 1200 bps became a reality, fought the gremlins, and is now aging gracefully.

There may not be as many 64 users telecommunicating at 2400 bps. but those who do are quite happy. With 2400-bps external modems sell- ing for well under S100, you need not shy away from using them because of price. Several commercial and share- ware terminal programs exist which support 2400-bps access. NovaTerm, Terminal One, and Bell Term are just a few of them.

RS-232 Devices

Commodore decided on a different type of interface for its user port, rath- er than going with the industry stan- dard RS-232. Therefore, connecting an RS-232 device, such as a modem, to a 64 used to be a problem. That's no longer the case. Aprotek makes a fine product called Corn-Modem, which works well with external RS-232 modems. Several other RS-232 inter- faces which plug into the 64's user port are also available from Aprotek, Creative Micro Designs, and other companies. Aprotek also sells a 2400- bps modem that plugs directly into the user port.

RS-232 modems supporting 2400 bps come in two varieties, a plain-va- nilla modem which allows 300-bps to 2400-bps speeds and one which offers built-in protocols for error checking and data compression (MNP. V.42bis). These latter ones are great toll savers, but only if the modem at the other end also uses them.

Expedient or Exotic

CompuServe users, for instance, would not be able to use MNP5 or V.42bis because the online service does not yet support these protocols. CompuServe may eventually add these protocols, but a ptain-vanilla 2400-bps modem is sufficient for sev- eral reasons. To a significant extent, a well-engineered modem can compen- sate for occasional line noise using adaptive equalization, line impedance

G-4 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Time of day	Download time in seconds #1 #2 #3 Mean	Cost per 10K bytes
8:00 a.m.	45.36	29.33	30.33	35,01	$1,19
11:00 a.m.	33.09	39,51	33.29	35.30	$1.20
10:00 p.m.	19.42	19.98	19.17	19.52	$0.66
6:00 a.m.	16.93	17.40	18.95	17.76	$0.60

matching, and other techniques.

To use MNP5 and \/,42bis proto- cols effectively, your software should support 4800 or 9600 bps, neither of which is supported by any 64 telecommunication software.

NovaTerm with the CMD Swiftlink is a combination of software and hardware that claims to do this. MNP protocols are very useful during ASCII (text) transfers, but their advantages vanish when transferring programs (binary) or files that are already compressed, such as ARC or LYNX.

Finaliy, these protocols interact variably with softv/are error-checking protocols such as XMODEM and YMODEM, These software protocols are usually self-sufficient anyway. MNP and similar protocols are more

Are MNP Modems Necessary?

While shopping for modems capa- ble of transmitting at 2400 bps, you come across many with choices such as MNP (Microcom Network Protocols) and V.42bis protocols. These modems can check and cor- rect for errors during transmission arising from phone line noise and other interferences. They can com- press data so that you get an effec- tive transfer rate of 4800-9600 bps.

To be effective, however, the modem at the other end must also be an MNP or V.42bis type. You must also remember that most downloadable files are already compressed and do not benefit much from these procedures. Protocols which enable an appar- ently higher speed transmission (MNP5) cannot be used with a 64 because none of the terminal soft- ware allows for speeds greater than 2400 bps.

Finally, during downloading, you usually employ software-based error checking protocols such as XMODEM or Punter. So save your money. A plain-vanilla 2400-bps modem will suffice for most of your telecommunication purposes.

useful for transferring numerical busi- ness data where glitches could result in financial disaster. So instead of waiting for these sophisticated proto- cols and modems that can use them, go for it! The longer you postpone get- ting a 2400-bps modem, the more money you're losing online.

You may see an occasional gar- bled character in messages or bul- letins that have been sent at 2400 bps, but you can easily correct them by using your parallel processing, multigigabyte supercomputer known as your brain,

Riish-Hour Blues

If you Ve ever used an online service, you may have noticed its slowing down at times. When large numbers of users are online simultaneously, the effective transmission of bits and bytes through the phone network becomes appreciably slower than that occurring during nonpeak hours. The delay is especially noticeable when using packet sv^itching networks such as Tymnet or Datapac. For top-dollar values, try to download large files dur- ing nonpeak hours, usually early morning or very late at night. If you're calling from Japan, be aware of the time difference. You may stay up late only to run into bright-eyed, well-rest- ed U.S. users— thousands of them!

Time Is Money

I recently ran a simple experiment in which I downloaded a certain file from CompuServe at different times of the day. with XMODEM at 1200 bps (using the Common Sense 1200 termi- nal program that is bundled with the Commodore 1670 modem). I down- loaded each file three times during each online session, A digital chronometer allowed me to time the transfer of eight XMODEM blocks (1048 bytes). To rule out varying disk transfer delays, I always downloaded to a freshly formatted disk. Boy, was I surprised!

Note that the variations in rates of transfer between similar samples 1, 2, and 3 is less during the nonpeak hours. (See the above table.)

These transfer rates are not cast in stone and do vary somewhat depend- ing on many factors, but they illustrate the point that the time of day does make a significant difference in telecommunication costs. During the day and in the early evening, there are longer delays and more errors (requir- ing repeated transmissions of blocks of data), possibly because of higher line noise and longer switching delays as a consequence of heavier usage.

Can Software Help?

If you examine the above values closely, you will observe that even at the best transfer rate of 1048 bytes in 17.76 seconds, only 59 bytes were getting transferred each second {1048/1776-59). Since I was operat- ing at 1200 bps. in theory, the transfer rate should have been 120 bytes per second. (Each telecommunication byte is ten bits long: eight bits for the data and two delimiter bits.) You can- not expect 100-percent efficiency in the real world, but I was getting less than 50 percent. Something was not right!

I wondered if my telecommunica- tion program was using inefficient code. In order to figure that out, I fired up my computer and downloaded a certain file by first using Common

Why Use 2400?

If you access CompuServe at 300 bps, it costs $6.00 an hour, whereas at 1200 or 2400 bps, the cost is $12.50 an hour. The volume of data which can be sent at 300 bps, under ideal conditions, would cost ap- proximately half as much at 1200 bps and one-fourth as much at 2400 bps. Over a short period of time, you could easily recoup the cost of the modem by stepping up from 300 to 2400 bps.

The savings are even more rele- vant for those who don't have local CompuServe nodes and must use Datapac or other packet switching

networks which charge $10.50 per hour above regular CompuServe connect fees.

Higher speeds save you money when you're downloading files and programs, but at other times you may prefer a slower rate. In situations which involve online waiting, such as chats or conferences, 300 bps can be your best bet. Most 2400-bps modems also support 300 bps, so there's no need to have both.

So to answer the question of why we need 2400-bps modems, Scrooge says it best: "fvloney, money, money!"

Going one step further, 1 tried simi- lar transfers using NovaTerm at 2400 bps. To my dismay, I found that when using a packet switching network such as Datapac, downloading with XMODEM was only a little faster at 2400 bps- not 100 percent faster as I had expected.

Reading Text

Does this mean that a 2400-bps mo- dem is not really a big toll saver? Quite the contrary, since most of the online time is spent In ASCII transfers.

	XMODEM 1200 bps	XMODEM 2400 bps
	Datapac CompuServe	Datapac CompuSen/e
DLtime	31.19 13.94	19.30 8.75
Bytes/sec	34 75	54 120
Efficiency	8.3% 62.5%	22.5% 50%
	YMODEM 1200 bps	YMODEM 2400 bps
	Datapac CompuServe	Datapac CompuServe
DLtime	12.08 10,64	11.83 6.09
Bytes/sec	85 96	87 168
Efficiency	70.8% 80%	36.2% 70%

Sense 1200 and immediately after- ward using NovaTerm 9.3 (distributed by Aproiek). Since Common Sense 1200 doesn't support 2400 bps, the time in seconds required for down- loading 1048 bytes at 1200 bps was measured for both programs. I ran and timed this test five times for each program.

With Common Sense 1200, the mean value of five downloads was 32.7 seconds, with the fastest transfer 27.54 seconds. With NovaTerm 9.3. the mean value for five downloads was 23.1 seconds, with the fastest value 20.15 seconds.

NovaTerm, therefore, proved to be 30 percent faster than Common Sense 1200 for XMODEM transfers under nearly identical conditions.

such as chatting or reading messages and bulletins. I decided to test this ac- tivity by reading text files instead of downloading them.

To do this, I called CompuServe and let data flow in as fast as it could. To avoid drive-induced delays, I used the buffer RAM disk that NovaTerm supports. I closed the buffer at 30 seconds. At 1200 bps, I managed to receive 3511 characters (117 charac- ters per second). When I switched to 2400 bps, I received 7059 characters (235 cps) in 30 seconds. This is close to the theoretical limits of 120 and 240 characters per second for the two modem speeds.

Compared to straight ASCII trans- fers, protocol-controlled downloading is obviously a more demanding and

complex process. Gremlins such as network delays, disk drive delays, phone line noise, and other errors all contribute toward reducing the actual transfer of data.

Since all modem speeds are likely to be affected proportionately by these factors, a 2400-bps modem stil! represents a good investment if you do a fair amount of telecommunicat- ing. This is especially true if you access online information networks or call BBSs in distant cities.

Maximum Efficiency

If you simply send data via phone line to another computer, you have no way of knowing whether that information arrives correctly or not. Noise and sta- tic on the line could alter the bits and bytes, garbling the data. To help insure error-free transmissions, most terminal programs utilize some form of error-checking technique called a pro- tocol.

There are basically three kinds of software protocols used when upload- ing or downloading files. XMODEM is an example of a protocol which trans- fers small blocks (131 bytes) of data at a time. Another type, which includes XMODEM IK and YMODEM, transfers a bigger block (1024 bytes). A third kind of protocol uses blocks of variable sizes. Examples of the third type are Punter and Kermit.

All of these protocols employ some form of checksum comparison be- tween the sending and receiving com- puters. If an error is detected, the block is retransmitted. Even if only one error is detected, the computer must send that whole block of data.

If the phone line connecting the computers is clean and requires a small number of retransmissions, then protocols that support larger blocks are more efficient, if a lot of errors

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-5

occur during transmission, then a pro- tocol using smaller blocks gains an upper hand because it has to resend only 131 bytes instead of 1024. One YMODEM retransmission could, in the- ory, equal seven or eight retransmis- sions via XMODEM.

XorY?

So is YMODEM really more efficient than XMODEM? Are transmissions af- fected by the network you use, such as a dedicated neiwork versus a packet switching network?

To test these variables, I accessed CompuServe from my home in Canada through Datapac, which is a 128-byte packet switching network similar to Te- lenet and Tymnet, and by directly call- ing the dedicated CompuServe node in Toronto. The following table indicates the results of my test.

The DL time is the mean value in seconds to download either 1048 (XMODEM) or 1024 (YMODEM) bytes from CompuServe at 1200 and 2400 bps using the popular teiecommunica- tion program NovaTerm 9.3.

With clean phone lines, no errors occurred during these transmissions. The delays were primarily due to the way the data packets were handled by the networks. Bytes/sec indicates

the number of bytes downloaded per second. The efficiency figures repre- sent the actual performance com- pared to the modem's theoretical max- imum transfer rates of 120 and 240 bytes per second.

Several interesting things became obvious. Calling a CompuServe node directly resulted in more efficient transfers, although on those occasions when Datapac was working at its peak efficiency, it was almost at par with the CompuServe node.

If you compare the bytes-per-sec- ond transfer rates obtained at the two speeds in the Datapac columns, 2400 bps was faster than 1200 bps by 2-59 percent. XMODEM showed more im- provement than YMODEM. but it was still lower than YMODEM in the total number of bytes transferred.

Looking at similar values, when CompuServe was accessed directly, we discover that 2400 bps was faster than 1200 bps by 60-75 percent. YMODEM was always more efficient than XMODEM.

Assuming the theoretical 100-per- cent efficiency of transfer to be 120 bytes per second at 1200 bps and 240 bytes per second at 2400 bps, the actual performances observed for XMODEM ranged from 23-63 percent,

while performances for YMODEM ranged from 36-80 percent.

The Bottom Line

Just a few short years ago. the price of a 1200-bps modem was several hundred dollars, and 2400-bps modems were even higher. When a modem could cost more than a com- puter, most users made do with 300- bps. Now that 1200- and 2400-bps modems are less than $100. frugal users still want to cut costs where they can. When you're connected to an information network that charges by the minute, connect time is the obvi- ous place to trim.

In conclusion, while accessing services which charge the same amount per hour for 1200- or 2400- bps access, it's more efficient to use the faster speed, coupled with YMO- DEM. Moreover, it's better to connect with the service through a dedicated node, rather than through a packet switching network, even if it means calling long-distance. And if you're willing to work between 12:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m.. the long-distance charges are usually lower, and the phone connections usually cleaner, further reducing your telecom- munication costs. □

G-6 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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REVIEWS

FASTOFFICE

Most people consider the 64 to be a persona! comput- er that's used mainly at home, but it's found its way into many offices as well. Word processing is undoubt- edly its biggest use, but it's capable of much more.

Spreadsheets and data- bases are powerful and flex- ible programs that users can adapt to any number of office activities. They can be used for budgets, inventory control, managing customer lists, and dozens of other us- es, depending on the skill and needs of their users.

Most of the commercial business applications have been designed for flexibility. Rather than targeting one specific business or perform- ing one specific task, these programs are tailored to sat- isfy a variety of commercial needs. This flexibility ena- bles the software to appeal to a wide audience, which in turn makes for sizable sales and profits for the soft- ware companies. When soft- ware is customized for one business, it can no longer ap- peal to a wide audience. As a result, its price normally jumps dramatically,

Fastoffice is such a piece of software, but it bucks the norm. It is designed for bill- ing and practice analysis for physicians. To narrow its scope even more, it's de- signed for solo practitioners. Price is where Fastoffice dif- fers from most customized software. To make a profit selling to a small number of physicians, most billing soft- ware costs thousands of dol- lars, Fastoffice costs $50!

Fastoffice doesn't pre- tend to compete with full-fea- tured billing and practice analysis programs, but it does handle a number of bill- ing chores. And it does

G-e COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

them well. It was written by an ophthalmologist for his practice, and he's been us- ing it for more than five years.

Fastoffice is menu driven and fairly simple to use. A physician who is used to bill- ing patients, sending claims to insurance companies, and writing off certain amounts would probably have no difficulty using the program. That's probably why the review copy I re- ceived came with no docu- mentation— just a few words of explanation in an accompanying letter.

From the opening menu, you have the option to view. print, or modify a record; cre- ate a new record; print bills; or move to another menu. I knew from the letter that I would need a separate data disk. By selecting another menu, I found the system util- ities that let me format that disk. That menu also offers the options to compress or unpack data disks using a dual-drive system.

Once your data disk is ready, you can create new records. This is where you fill in a patient's name, ad- dress, insurance carrier, bill- ing code, and billing history. Four lines allow you to enter procedures and fees. I dis- covered that payments can be entered in this area by placing a minus sign in front of the amount. Once ba- sic information has been re- corded, you can then enter another new patient or re- turn to the menu.

After the basic informa- tion has been entered, you can print the patient's bill. One drawback that I no- ticed here is that while the program prints the patient's name and address, it doesn't print the physician's. That form of the bill might be sufficient to hand to a pa-

tient in the office; otherwise, I'd recommend using pre- printed billing statements.

Once you have a patient on record, you can then view or modify any informa- tion simply by entering the patient's last name. If more than one person with that name is in your data, the pro- gram tells you how many matches it's found and asks which patient you want. From there, you can delete a record, alter any line, re- turn to the main menu, or move to another menu.

This other menu lets you print a bill or summarize the billing notes. A bill has space for four itemized lines of procedures and/or payments. You can summa- rize this data and bring the balance forward at any time. The balance then ap- pears on the top line, free- ing three lines for additional information regarding proce- dures and/or payments.

In many cases a physi- cian's fee is paid in part by an insurance company with another portion billed to the patient. Depending on the circumstances, some por- tions of the fee must be writ- ten off. Fastoffice enables the physician to keep track of these write-offs. With a pa- tient's bill on the screen, you have the option to convert to write-off format. You are presented with the patient's charges and asked if this amount is billable. If not, you can enter the billable por- tions and any insurance pay- ments. The amount the pa- tient owes is then presented as the new balance. The pro- gram then computes the write-off percentage and prints an updated bill.

Another menu lets you browse through each of the records, making any chang- es or printing them out. You can also view any write-offs.

This option prints the patient info with the amount and per- cent that has been written off. A summary prints the number of write-offs and the total percentage and dollar amount of the write-offs. A practice analysis prints an ac- tive account summary, list- ing the number of patients, the total amount receivable, and the percentage of pa- tients covered by each insur- ance carrier. You can also see how much business is represented by each insur- ance company. Fastoffice computes the percentage owed to you by all the pa- tients handled by a particu- lar carrier.

Make sure your phnter is on before you try to print bills or analyze your prac- tice. Fastoffice crashes if it tries to print and your print- er is turned off. One of its good points, though, is that it recognizes any files left open phor to a crash. It lets you close them properly when you reboot, saving any data that might have been jeopardized.

More and more physi- cians are turning to comput- ers to handle their billing, and it's not uncommon for them to spend more than $10,000 for software. I don't think Fastoffice will replace the heavy-duty systems that store OPT or ICD9 codes, fee schedules, referring phy- sicians, and patient birth- days, but it certainly does of- fer a lot for $50.

The program is easy to op- erate, but a page or two of documentation would help explain some of the pro- gram's finer points. I don't think that would boost its price too much. Perhaps if more physicians used Fast- office on a 64, they could save on computer costs. Then perhaps they could pass the savings on to their

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DIEHARD

At a time when publications dedicated to 8-bit computers are about as scarce as brand-nev^ 1581 drives, it's relreshing to see a new magazine on the newsstand. Well, newsstand isn't exactly the right word, because this bimonthly publfcation is available only by subscription.

This magazine is called dieHard, and it's billed as '*the Flyer for commo- dore Bbitters." Its editor in chief, Brian L. Costhwaite, says dieHard supports most Commodore 8-bit computers, such as the VIC'20, G-16, Plus 4, 64. and 128. Its major focus is on the 64 and 128, however, but Costhwaite says he hopes the magazine will grow enough to support other 8-bit ma- chines as well.

I don't know whether it's an editing quirk or if Costhwaite is taking a poke at Commodore for its minimal support of the 8-bit machines it created, but whenever Commodore's name ap- pears in dieHard, Costhwaite spells it with a lowercase c.

The copy of dieHard that I saw for this review contains 33 pages in BV? x 11 format. Two yellow sheets make up the front and back covers, with the whole publication held together by a sin- gle staple in the upper left corner. At first glance, dieHard looks like a user group newsletter that was printed with geoPublish. At second glance, you'll no- tice that there's a lot of information be- tween its covers.

Up front is a call to writers for sub- missions. (Seems like I've often read that plea in newsletters.) As with many new publications, dieHard can't afford to pay its authors. They get free copies of the magazine. Since this is dieHard's third issue, Costhwaite is still writing many of the articles himself.

The first article is a collection of word-processing tips and advice to writ- ers. It stresses the importance of cor- rect spelling, proper grammar, and hav- ing someone else proofread important documents. The article starts off with the word editing as a subhead in a large font — and, unfortunately, the

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word is misspelled.

The article goes on to of- fer some good writing ad- vice, and it even provides a short program that lets you read sequential files. That's a handy little program to have, since writers may sub- mit articles as sequential files. Too bad no one caught one major mistake in the program before it hit the presses. The OPEN com- mand is inadvertently omit- ted from the line of code that is supposed to open the file for reading. Typos in BASIC programs can be par- ticularly annoying to novices who are trying to learn.

Another page of tips for GEOS is helpful, especially the information about format- ting text in coiumns. Another short article offers good ba- sic computer-related ad- vice. There are tips warning against writing on disk la- bels with ballpoint pens, cov- ering the vents in electronic equipment, and letting dust get into things. Humor is not a neglected commodity in this article, which offers a range of advice. For those of you whose tempers flare on occasion, Costhwaite warns against throwing your computer out the window.

Costhwaite has a two- page review of Final Car- tridge HI. He telis about its many features and ways it can aid programmers. I was all set to order one but dis- covered that the review doesn't supply ordering infor- mation. Guess I'll have to check an old copy of Ga- zette or RUN to find an ad- vertisement for it. An article about public domain soft- ware is a bit more helpful, since it provides addresses for several sources of PD disks.

In an article called "Shhh It's A Secret/' Costhwaite pro- vides some interesting pro- gramming tips. I knew that the Ctrl key could be used in conjunction with other keys to produce some sur- prising results, but this arti- cle lists a number of interest- ing combinations. Did you

know that Ctrl-i-; moves your cursor to the right? How about Ctrl+M? That's the same as hitting the Return key.

A feature article about the Connmodore text screen pro- vides a lot of PEEKS and POKES, screen addresses, and animation routines for the 64, 128, VlC-2a and oth- er 8-bit Commodore ma- chines. This article goes on for several pages and provid- es some good solid program- ming examples.

What^s a good Commo- dore magazine without type- in programs? WelL dieHard has those, too. About 10 of the 33 pages in this issue are devoted to programs. A 128 program that prints a grocery shopping list, com- plete with prices, looks use- ful. I'll have to confess that I haven't typed it in yet. No method for avoiding typos is offered (such as Gazette's Automatic Proofreader), but the listings seem to be in pretty straightforward BASIC and shouldn't be a problem.

The articles presented in dieHard seem accurate, en- tertaining, and informative. Its format is simple, not flashy. Let's face it — it's about what you'd expect from something published on a 64. Like any new ven- ture, dieHard has some bugs to work out.

One problem I have is the magazine's typeface. A font shouldn't draw attention to itself, but dieHard's light eight-point GEOS font is tough to read in many in- stances. The dots make it look as though the type is fading from the page. I no- tice that text is much easier to read whenever an article is set in boldface.

Spelling errors also draw my attention away from the magazine's message. 111 have to say that the main arti- cles contain very few errors. I'll attribute that to the au- thor, editor, proofreader, and any spelling checker they might have used. This same care with the English language is absent, howev- er, in many of the maga- zine's in-house ads. In one three-paragraph pitch to

G-12 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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Circle Reader Service Number 253

sell advertising space, I counted 11 mis- spelled words. In another half-column ad requesting articles and programs, the word submissioris was spelled three different ways — and not one was correct!

In a time when Commodore-related information is hard to find, i laud Costh- waite and his 8-bit diehards for their publishing efforts. They've packed a lot of useful information into the magazine. I hope the magazine gets the support it deserves. In return, as publishers who want to sell their words to the pub- lic, they have a professional respon- sibility to make sure those words are spelled correctly.

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COMPUTE

G*14 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

FEEDBACK

Bug-Swatters

James T Jones of Klondike, Texas, pointed out two errors in our October 1992 issue. In "Beginner BASIC' we omit- ted the REM command in line 30. The line should be correct- ed to read as follows,

30 POKE 646,5: REWl SET CURSOR COLOR

Also, to store labels in some other area of memory in La BA- SIC, line 10 should be en- tered to read as follows.

10TP^TP-32: POKE 49969 JP/ 256: POKE 49970,TP-INT (TP/ 256)*TP

John Nauman of Arden Hills, Minnesota, discovered an error in the listing that ac- companied Jjm Butterfield's November "Machine Lan- guage" column. The article mentions three machine lan- guage programs, but the pro- gram uses only two of them. Change the SYS address in line 460 to 8192. and the pro- gram should work correctly.

Nix Nal[ Modems

In October's "Feedback," you answered a question about how to transfer files from a 64 to an IBM by using a null mo- dem cable. There's another way without using a cable if both computers have mo- dems, and it doesn't require calling a third computer. Sim- ply unplug one modem's tele- phone cable from the wall and plug it into the other mo- dem. Many modems have ex- tra sockets built into them.

Next, run both terminal pro- grams, making sure that their baud rate and other telecom- munication parameters are the same. Then, on either ma- chine, dial a number. This can be done by dialing any number you may have in a di- aling directory or by using manual AT commands. Type

ATDP for pulse or ATDT for tone and at least one digit. Since you aren't connected to a telephone line, it doesn't mat- ter which command or num- ber you use. Do this so the computer will dial and gener- ate an originate tone.

Quickly type ATA on the oth- er machine to have it answer. You should see a message on both screens saying that they have connected. Then have the 64's program upload the files, and instruct the the Amiga or IBM to down- load them.

BOB KUBOTA LOWELL, OH

Which Machine?

Since you changed Gazette's format, I've been dissatisfied with your leaving out a direc- tory which references 64 pro- grams clearly. In prior issues, each article showed what com- puter system the article per- tained to. Also, since you lack a phone number, it's im- possible for me to call in this complaint.

CHARLES J. JACKSON

ASTORIA, NY

We usually publish system information in the opening par- agraphs of each article. If you find it helpful to have that in- formation on the table of con- tents page, we'll reinstate it with this issue.

COMPUTE, like most other magazines, publishes its ad- dress and telephone number on its table of contents page. Advertising, distribution, and editorial information is listed. To contact the COMPUTE, Ga- zette, or Amiga editorial offic- es, write to 324 West Wen- dover Avenue, Suite 200, Greensboro, North Carolina 27408. Our phone number— which is not toll-free— is (919) 275-9809. Our 800 number handles subscriptions and changes of address. That num- ber is (800) 727-6937.

Corrections (or earlier programs, moving files between computers, and more

Random Numbers

How can I generate random numbers on my 64 between 100 and 200 by steps of 5?

ALBERT WIGMORE ORLANDO, FL

There are a couple of ways to do it. The range you need — 100, 105, 110, and so on up to 200— contains 21 different numbers. If you generate a random number between 0 and 20, this will cover the range of 21, Then multiply this number by 5 to produce the steps, and add It to 100, which is your base of 100. This will give you the desired results. Here's a sample pro- gram to show how it's done.

10 N=INT{ RND{1)*21) 20 N-N*5+100 30 PRINT N

Another method is to gener- ate a random number be- tween 100 and 200 and then check to see if it's one of the desired numbers. This can be done with a FOR-NEXT loop that is incremented by steps of 5. Here's how it works.

Generate a random num- ber within vour range of 100- 200; then' use a FOR-NEXT loop to check and see if it's equal to 100, If not, increment your loop by 5 and check to see if the number is equal to 105, and so on up to 200, If no equal condition is found, the program generates anoth- er random number and re- peats the process. When the condition is equal, the num- ber is printed, and the pro- gram jumps to line 50, You'll notice that this second meth- od executes more slowly than the first example.

10N=INT(RND(1)*101K100 20 FOR 8=100 TO 200 STEP 5: IF N==B THEN PRINT N: GOTO 50 30 NEXT 40 GOTO 10 50 PRINT'THAT'S IT!" D

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-15

BEGINNER BASIC

Larry Cotton

Put the often- ignored WAIT statement to woiK in your BASIC programs.

G-16

PUT WAIT TO WORK

This month we'll look at the of- ten-ignored WAIT statement — the last of the three BASIC statements that cause the 64 or 1 28 to wait for something to happen. In the case of GET and INPUT, discussed here over the last two months, the computer waits for the user to press a key on the keyboard. With WAIT however, the com- puter waits for a particular memory address to have a par- ticular value.

WAIT is a command, like LET which really doesn't ever need to be used. It can be used, however as a replace- ment for GET and PEEK.

WAIT'S normal syntax is WAIT MA, A, B, where MA is a memory address and A and B are two masks. The WAIT statement takes the value in the memory location and per- forms a logical AND operation with the value in the first mask and then performs an exclu- sive OR on the result with the second mask. Now you can see why WAIT isn't BASIC'S most popular statement,

Fortunately. WAIT's second mask is optional. The following is a common example.

10 PRINT'iCLRIIDOWNI PRESS

ANY KEY." 20 WAIT198,1: POKE198,0 30 PRINT'END OF PROGRAM/'

The 64 and 128 have a ten- character area in memory^a buffer— that holds keystrokes that are entered faster than the computer can process them. In SpeedScript, it's easy to see this phenomenon when trying to insert words near the beginning of a long document.

Memory register 198 con- tains the number of charac- ters in that buffer. Line 20 waits until a key has been

COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

pressed and then clears the buffer so that the keypress isn't displayed onscreen. This program runs infinitely

10 PRINT ^{DOWNITYPE RUN, THEN PRESS ENTER'

20 WAIT198,4

The way to end this little mind- boggier is to type a syntax er- ror (such as RUD) or hit Run/ Stop-Restore. Here's how to use WAIT instead of GET in a subroutine.

10 PRINT^ICLRl'

20 F0RT=54272TO54295:

POKETO: NEXT 30 P0KE54296,15 40 FORT=1T03DO: NEXT 50 P0KE54277,3 60 PRINT' iD0WNH2 SPACES! TURN UP VOLUIVIE AND PRESS ANY KEY IDOWNr 70 F0RZ=1T07 80 GOSUB200 90 READD1,D2,SS 100 P0KE54273,D1:

P0KE54272,D2 110 P0KE54276,16:

P0KE54276,17 120 PRINTSS; 130 NEXT: END 140 DATA25,30/'{2 SPACES!

ONEM8,209;'{1

SPACE}BYTE'S'M8, 209/11

SPACE|THEM9,239/'{1

SPACEISAIVIE" 150 DATA18,209,"{1

SPACE|AS'\23,181, '(1

SPACEiE!GHT",25,30;H

SPACEIBITS.IDOWN}' 200 WAIT1 98,1: POKE198,0:

RETURN

Lines 10-60 prepare the screen and the computer's sound chip, as we've seen in previous columns. Line 70 be- gins a FOR-NEXT loop that ends at line 130. Seven times, line 80 calls our WAIT subroutine at line 200. After a key is pressed, line 90 reads three pieces of data: two fre- quencies for the notes played and a word corre- sponding to each note.

Line 100 pokes the note fre- quencies to their appropriate memory registers, while line 110 turns the note off and then on. {In this case, the per- son pressing the keys controls the length of time the notes play: a FOR-NEXT delay loop wouldn't work. The voice's en- velope thus helps control the notes' playing time.)

Line 120 prints the mes- sage, while line 130 closes the FOR-NEXT loop and ends the program.

Following are two other ways to write the keypress- waiting subroutine.

200 GETAS: IFAS='"THEN200 210 RETURN

or

200 IFPEEK(197)x64THEN200 210 RETURN

The first alternative works bet- ter. Note that RETURN cannot be on line 200. The second al- ternative has been studied in another column. Memory reg- ister 197 holds keyboard ma- trix values; 64 is the value in 197 if no key is pressed. As soon as a key is pressed, con- trot drops to the RETURN in line 210. If you try this, you'll notice that it really doesn't work very well. The keys must be tapped rather than pressed to avoid words spew- ing out too fast.

In the remaining space, let's discuss LET, a command to assign values to variables.

10 LET A = 5: LET FS = "APPLE"

20 PRINT A, F$

30 LET A = A + 3: LET F$ = F$ +

"SAUCE" 40 PRINT A, FS

LET makes code easier for novices to understand, but its use is entirely optional. This ex- ample shows how the same variable can be used on both sides of the equal sign. lD

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Circle Reader Service Number 252

MACHINE LANGUAGE

Jim Butterfield

Intemipts provide

lasi action,

provided your code

isn't long-winded.

G-18 COMPUTE

FAST INTERRUPTS

People often ask me why they can't print directly fronn an in- terrupt routine. Wei!, you just can't^but more important, you shouldn't want to. Inter- rupts are fast if you don't bog them down with too many in- structions. You can1 get an in- terrupt from the IRQ while you're still servicing the last one. The NMI interrupt can break in while a prior one is be- ing serviced. It's best to do whatever must be done and get out fast.

It's quite easy to have your interrupt code leave a signal that a background (noninter- rupt) program can pick up and handle. Simple signals can be created by adding to or subtracting from a counter. The INC and DEC instructions are ideal for this. More com- plex data can be put into a ro- tating buffer; the background program will follow along, pick- ing up remaining information.

This NMI program is a sim- ple demonstration of how a high-level interrupt can pass a message to a background pro- gram. The exercise shows how to make the interrupt cod- ing as fast as possible. All we do is perform an increment: INC S2100. Address 2100 will hold the action counter. A nonzero value will signal the background program that work needs to be done. After the increment, the NMI inter- rupt returns to wherever its vec- tor had been pointing.

The custom NM! code is linked by storing the address of that NMI vector. On the 64 and 128, the vector is located at $31 8/9 (decimal 792/3). We keep the previous address in this vector in order to restore that address when our pro- gram is finished and to allow our own code to exit to this each time it's called.

The address held in an in- terrupt vector is two bytes

FEBRUARY 1993

long, That can lead to danger if an interrupt strikes at the in- stant we've changed one byte but not the other The comput- er could go to a wrong ad- dress. An IRQ can be locked out briefly with SEI to allow that vector to be safely changed. The NMI cannot be locked out, so our best bet is to make sure that the two bytes are changed at almost the same moment.

Starting at address $2000, the program zeroes two count- ers: the interrupt counter at $2100 and the loop counter at $2101 This is done with LDA (LoaD A register) and STA (STore A register) commands.

At $2008, the NMI vectors are copied from $318/9 to $2102 and $2103. Then, we put the address of our NM! code into the vector at $2040.

2014 LDY #$4C

; low part of address

2016 LDX#$20

; high part of address

2018 STY $0318

201 B STX $0319

; store both parts quickly

The NMI code will now run independently of the pro- gram. All our background pro- gram needs to do is to keep watching address $2100 until it's not a 0. One way of doing this is to loop and test ad- dress $2100.

201ELDA#$00 ; test value 2020 CMP $2100 ; if it's 0 2023 BEQ $2020 ; go back and wait

The program falls through to $2025 when a nonzero val- ue is found in $2100. That val- ue is decreased with DEC $2100. and our loop counter IS incremented with INC $2101. Now, the background program will print a message on the screen, using the usu-

al loop to pick the message from $2052-$2067.

While all this is going on, one or more new interrupts may have struck. That's no problem. We'll get to them when weVe finished the cur- rent work. Our loop counter is checked. If it hasn't yet reached five, we'll go back and look for the next interrupt.

2038 LDXS2101 ; is the loop counter 203B CPX #$05 ; equal to five? 203D BNE$2Q1E ; no, go back

When five interrupt occur- rences have been noted, it's time to restore the original NMI vector address. The usu- al sequence of LDY, LDX, STY. and STX will do this job. After the vector is restored, the program returns to BASIC with RTS,

After each cycle, the tiny NMI program links back to the normal address with an in- direct jump. Here's its code, followed by the v^/hole pro- gram as a BASIC loader.

204C INC $2100 204FJIVIP(S2102)

RQ 103 DATA 169,0,1^1,0,33,141

,1,33,172,24,3,174,25,3

,140,2,33 SK 110 DATA 142,3,33,160,76,1(5

2,32,140,24,3,142,25,3,

169,0 GC 120 DATA 205,0,33,240,251,2

06,0, 33,238,1,33,162,11,

1S9,B2, 32 BH 130 DATA 32,210,255,232,224

,22,208,245,174,1,33,22

4,5 GK 140 DATA 208,223,172,2,33,1

74,3,33,140,24,3,142,25

,3,96 EJ 150 DATA 238,n,33,108,2,33 BJ 160 DATA 82,69,83,84,79,82,

69,32,75,69,89 DR 170 DATA 32,68,69,84,69,67,

84,69,68,33,13 OP 200 FOR J=8192 TO B295 EJ 210 READ X:T=T+X BP 220 POKE J,X AE 230 NEXT J

SM 240 IF T08942 THEN STOP SK 3flO PRINT "INTERRUPT DETECT

PROGRAM." EG 310 PRINT "PRESS >RESTORR<

{SPACE} FIVE TIMES!" KG 320 SYS 3192 QH 330 PRINT "...END..." n

The Gazette

Productivity

Manager

(Formerly PowerPak) ^^

Harness the productivity power of your 64 or 128!

Turn your Commodore into a powerful workhorse, keep track of finances, generate reports in a snap, manage your money in minutes- all with the Gazette Productivity Manager! Look at all your 64/128 Productivity Manager disk contains.

0

GemCalc 64 & 128— ^

A complete, powerful, user- friendly spreadsheet with all the features you'd expect in an expensive commercial package (separate 64 and 128 versions are included). Most commands can be performed with a single keypress!

Memo Card — ^Unleashes the power of a full-blown database without the fuss! Nothing*s easier — it's a truly simple computerized address file. Just type in your data on any one of the index cards. Need to edit? Just use the standard Commodore editing keys. Finished? Just save the data to floppy. What could be easier?

Financial Planner — Answers all of those questions concerning interest, investments, and money manage- ment that financial analysts charge big bucks for! You can plan for your children's education and know exactly how much it will cost and how much you need to save every month to reach your goal. Or, decide whether to buy or lease a new car. Use the compound interest and savings function to arrive at accurate estimates of how your money will work for you. Compute the answer at the click of a key!

DON'T MISS OUT ON THIS POWERFUL WORKHORSE!

(MasterCard and Visa accepted on orders with subtotal over S20).

D YES! Please send me Productivity Manager diskCs)

(S 14.95 each).

„ Subtotal

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PROGRAMMER'S PAGE

Randy Thompson

Load and nin

programs from flie

directoiy,

experience 240

colors on a

64, and more.

TRY THESE TIPS

Regular readers of this col- umn might remember my re- cent request for raster inter- rupt programs. I've received a couple of good routines so far. and one appears this month (see Arthur Moore's More Col- ors program). I'm stilf looking for more, however, so don't hold back. In the meantime, here's a conection of other great programs that have come my way.

Ofie-Touch Load and Run

After running the listing found below, you can load and run BASIC programs simply by list- ing a disk directory, moving the cursor up to the begin- ning of the line containing the desired filename, and press- ing Restore.

ED 10 S=49152:Vl=S+25:V2^S+67 BF 20 H1=INT (V1/2S6} !L1=V1-(2S

6*H1) GX 30 H2=INT {V2/256) :L2=V2-(25

6*H2) CF 40 FOR 1=0 TO 93:READ D:POK

E S+I ,D:C=C+D:NEXT QQ 50 IF C<>7a25 THEM PRINT "E RROR IN DATA STATEMENTS" :END RP 60 POKE S+14,L1:P0KE S+19,H

1 DH 70 POKE S+26,L2:P0KE S+28,H

2 KG 80 SYS S:PRTNT "AUTO-RUN IS

READY." ME 90 END AJ 100 DATA 173,24,3,141,252,3

,173,25,3,141,253,3 GG 110 DATA 120,169,25,141,24,

3,169,192,141,25,3,88 GX 120 DATA 96,169,67,160,192, 32,30,171,169,13,141,11 9 QH 130 DATA 2,141,124,2,169,82

,141,120,2,169,85,141 HS 140 DATA 121,2,169,78,141,1

22,2,169, 58,141,123,2 PP 150 DATA 169,6,133,198,103,

252,3,76,79,65,68,29 HA 160 DATA 29,29,29,29,29,29,

29,29,29,29,29,29 GR 170 DATA 29,29,29,29,29,29, 4 4,56,58,0

FRANCISCO FELIX BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR

MEXICO

More Colors

Add more colors to your pro- grams with this machine lan- guage hack. Using a raster interrupt, the following pro- gram adds 240 simulated col-

G-20 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

ors to your 64's standard 16. It does so by rapidly alternat- ing the screen's background color between 2 colors, there- by creating a shade that is a mixture of 2 of the computer's set 16 colors. To see this col- or blending In action, type in and run the following demon- stration program.

BB 100 PRINT "{CLRl":DIM CS(15 ):FOR I»0 TO 15:READ G$ tl) ;NEXT:GOSUB 240

QX 110 PRINT"{HOME}f 19 DOWN}Fl /F7 BACKGROUND {2 SPACES} [RETURN] TEXT

DATA BLK,WHT,RED,CYN,PU

R,GRN,BLU,YEL

DATA ORG,BRS,LRED,DGRY,

MGRY , LGRN , LBLU , LGRY

POKE 251, PEEK (253) SPOKE

252, PEEK (254) PRINT "{H0ME}":FOR 1=0 {SPACElTO 15: IF {PEEK(2 53) AND 15)=I THEN PRIN T"{RVS}";

PRINT OS (I) "(OFF}", IF {PEEK(254) AND 15)=I

THEN PRINT "(RVS}"; PRINT CS (I) "{OFF}": NEXT GET A$:IF AS="" THEN 19 0

IF A$="{F1}" THEN POKE {SPACE}253, (PEEK(253)+1 ) AND 15

IF 'A$ = "{F7]" THEN POKE {SPACE} 2 54, (PEEK (254) +1 ) AND 15 IF AS=CHR$(n) THEN POK

E 646, (PEEK(646)+1) AND 15

GOTO 140

SA=679:POR I=0TO 73:REA

D DiPOKE SA+1,D:NEXT

A=SA+36iPOKESA+30, A/256 :POKE SA+25,A-PEEK(SA+3

0)*256:SYS SArRETURN

DATA 120,173,26,208,9,1 ,141,26,20a

DATA 173,17,208,41,127,

141,17,208

DATA 169,0,141,18,203,1

33,2,169,203

DATA 141,20,3,169,2,141

,21,3,88,96

DATA 173,25,208,41,1,20

8,3,76,49

DATA 234,166,2,181,251,

141,32,208

DATA 181,25 3,141,33,20 8

,138,73,1

DATA 133,2,173,25,208,9

,1,141,25

DATA 203,76,129,234

Many color combinations can cause the screen to flick- er (much like a Commodore Amiga in interlace mode). You can reduce the flickering by turning down your moni- tor's brightness and contrast, or by selecting more compati- ble colors.

To use More Colors in your

KE	120
FQ	130
EJ	140
DP	150
EP	160
PX	170
JO	130
FR	190
BQ	200
BM	210
rtC	220
QB	230
KK	340
XS	250
JJ	260
HX	270
RR	280
GJ	290
BB	300
RF	310
EP	320
KF	330
HE	340

BASIC programs, simply ex- tract the subroutine found in lines 240-340 from the listing above. After calling this sub- routine, you set the two colors that you want the computer to mix by poking their numerical values into locations 253 and 254. For example, to alternate between red and brown, you might execute the commands POKE 253,2:POKE 254,9.

This subroutine currently stores its machine language code in memory starting at lo- cation 679. You can change this to another location, such as 49152, simply by chang- ing the variable SA in line 240.

ARTHUR MOORE ORU\NDO, FL

Easier ML Loads

The standard method for load- ing disk-based machine lan- guage programs from BASIC Is to start your program with a line such as this.

10 IFL=OTHEN L=1: LOAD "f//e- name'\B,^

You must place this code near the beginning of your pro- gram because loads from with- in BASIC cause your program to reexecute. The IF state- ment keeps the program from entering an infinite loop that loads the samie file over and over again. There's anoth- er method, however that us- es a couple of your comput- er's ROM routines instead of BASIC'S LOAD command.

1 0 POKE 147,0: SYS 5781 2 '7/7e- rt3me"3,1:SYS 62631

You can use this line of code anywhere within your pro- gram without causing the com- puter to restart itself. This rou- tine gives 64 owners the func- tional equivalent of the 128's BLOAD command.

MATT ZE[LENGA

RIVERSiDE. CA D

YOUR PRODUCTIVITY!

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GEOS

Steve Vander Ark

If you're a GEOS

fan, you can't

afford to pass up

Oie incredible

treasures waiting for

you on Q-Llnk.

A GEOS TOUR OF Q-LINK

Tve spent a lot of time and not a little money on QuantumLink over the past few years, wtiere I go by the innocuous handle of SteveV14. Some of you might know me as a some- times-host in the Starving Art- ists Cafe. Others might recog- nize me from my endless posts in the GEOS message bases, I've met a lot of great folks on Q-Link, and I'd like to meet more. Feel free to con- tact me anytime by E-mail.

So what does Q-Link offer that other services don't? Plen- ty. And if you're a GEOS fan, you simply can't afford to pass up the incredible treas- ures waiting for you there. Let me give you a GEOS-specific tour of QuantumLink, and you'll see what 1 mean,

We'll start with the GEOS support area itself, which you locate from the main menu by choosing Commodore Soft- ware Support. Here you'll find a wide range of services de- signed to help you with all of your GEOS needs, and it doesn't matter if you're a GEOS novice or an ace pro- grammer. The folks who run things in the GEOS area are very friendly and willing to help any user who drops by. These are experts, many wear- ing the GeoRep or GeoHost hats, and they're intimately fa- miliar with GEOS. If you have problems with your equip- ment, for example, you're sure to find someone who us- es a setup similar to yours and can offer advice on keeping everything running smoothly.

Probably the most active section of the GEOS area is the message base. There are sections devoted to GEOS in general; printer support; geo- Programmer; geoFile and geo- Calc: geoPublish; and even GeoWorks Ensemble, the PC

version of GEOS. Each of these sections has its own rep- resentative who takes the lead in answering questions and offering advice. In the gen- eral area, you'll find nice peo- ple such as Dave Ferguson and Jim Collette lending their considerable expertise to us- ers with questions, problems, or ideas to share.

The printer support area is masterfully monitored by George Wells under the name GeoRep GHW. George is a printer expert par excellence who can tell you the dip switch settings for just about any interface and printer com- bination you might want to use with GEOS. George is the au- thor of some of the finest print- er drivers available for GEOS. If you have questions about your printer setup— which driv- er to use, how to make it do what you want it to do, or what- ever— George is standing by to give you the most informed answers you'll get anywhere.

Another popular place for GEOS users is the GEOS Chat Room. Every evening from 9:00 to 11:00 Eastern time, a GeoHost shoots the breeze with all who wander in. The conversation can occasion- ally roam into some pretty es- oteric realms, but no matter where the conversation flits to, you1l be able to get quick an- swers to your GEOS ques- tions. You'll get a chance to meet some of the experts in the Chat Room, too.

Now comes the really excit- ing part: the software libraries, Q-Link's GEOS libraries are brimming with great files, just waiting for you to download them. The libraries are divided into several categories: BSW Applications, User Applica- tions, Printer/Input Drivers, geoWrite Files, geoPaint Files, geoPublish/Clip Art Files, and Fonts. You'll be de- lighted and amazed with what you'll find there. Of course,

with all those files available, you might become lost. Don't worry. Once again, you can get some good advice on which files are worth your time from the message area or the Chat Room.

The GEOS support area isn't the only place where you'll find GEOS information on Q-Link. Other excellent plac- es to poke around are the soft- ware libraries of the now-de- funct RUN magazine. I hope these files will remain availa- ble on Q-Link, since many of them are particularly good. The download will cost you an extra $1.50, but for programs such as Import Runner or geoTerm, it's worth it.

Another place to check is the graphics area, which you'll find in the Commodore Infor- mation Network under Comput- ing Support Groups. Here you can ask for GEOS graphics ad- vice and be assured of a prompt reply— very likely from me. There are GEOS-format graphics in the picture librar- ies here.

Probably the best source of GEOS information outside of the GEOS area itself is the Cre- ative Micro Designs support ar- ea. That's in the Commodore information Network area un- der Hardware Support, CMD is easily the most enthusiastic 64/128 GEOS supporting com- pany left, and it provides plen- ty of technical advice and sup- port for its GEOS products in its message areas. The librar- ies contain some GEOS files that you'll want if you buy RAM- Link or RAMDrive.

So what do you do to join? Give QuantumLink a call at (800) 827-8444 for more infor- mation. The service costs $9.95 a month, with additional charges for many areas (includ- ing the ones I've been talking about) at the rate of $4.80 an hour. No other service can of- fer so much for GEOS and for such a reasonable cost. O

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Circle Reader Service Number 220

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circle Reader Service Number 153

DIVERSIONS

Fred D'ignazio

Are you sure thai

the voice you

hear on the phone

belongs to

a human being?

HIS MASTER'S VOICE

When the phone rings and I an- swer, I sometimes get a pecu- liar or aggravating response. I might hear *'0h, hi. Janet! I was lool^ing for Fred." (I have a high tenor voice, and callers frequently mistake me for a fe- male.) My favorite is "Hi, hon- ey. Is your mommy or daddy at home?"

Over the years, I've tried to change my telephone voice. The best I've managed to achieve is that of a feebie old man. But I shouldn't despair. Thanks to modern technology, 1 don't have to stick with my nor- mal falsetto or toddfer-like peep. Help is on the way.

A recent Issue of The Wall Street Journal reported on a booming business in phone machines that electronically al- ter your voice. Security consult- ants are making a killing sell- ing these machines to busi- nesses and residents who want to alter their voice to something new.

Some machines are really voice computers. You can pro- gram them to change your voice into any of 250 different voices—from barroom brawler to violin virtuoso. If you are a person living alone or a secu- rity guard anchoring a compa- ny's graveyard shift, it's just the thing. You can make your voice so frightening and over- powering that even profession- al hit men would shiver at the sound of it.

Computerized voice boxes are still too expensive to be popping up in every home, but not for long. Nev/, inexpen- sive voice chips are appear- ing, and high-speed digital sig- nal processors (DSPs) and voice-compression algorithms are being perfected that will soon put synthetic speech in- side every residential tele- phone for just pennies a pop.

Virtual voices may not have found their way into every home, but they have already taken over most offices. Com- pany voice mail is a must for corporations which aim to sur- vive lean-and-mean down- sizing. Who hasn't called a company recently, only to tum- ble into the labyrinthine bow- els of a computerized answer- ing machine?

This is the way most user- friendly voice-mail systems han- dle customer calls.

''Hi, this is Fred D'ig— '

"You have reached the Pyg- my Bungee Jumping Society. If you have a rotary phone, please stay on the line, and an operator (at some far-off dis- tance in the future) will (even- tually) be on the line."

■'But I just—"

'Press 1 if you wish to speak with customer services to order our new products. Press 2 if you would like our mail-order catalog. Press 3 for technical support. . . . Press 993 if you would like a sales- man for our voice-mail compa- ny to pay you a visit. Press 994 if you would like to speak with our attorneys about suing us for the cruel and unusual pun- ishment inflicted by this voice- mail message. Press . . ."

Think about it. Electronic voices may sound like science fiction, but they're also a very real part of life. During an av- erage day, how many times do you talk to a computer or hear a computer's voice? Let's face it: Do you really know if there's a computer or a person at the other end of the line?

Computerized voices are not always a blight, either. Elec- tronic voices are a godsend for visually handicapped peo- ple, for semiliterate and illiter- ate people, and for anyone who needs to keep his or her eyes on something else.

Here are some of the com- puter voices you are liable to hear during an average day.

• Your car nagging you to fas- ten your seat belt

• A digital telephone answer- ing machine

• A talking clock

• A Jiminy Cricket watch

• A singing greeting card

• An electronic telephone operator

• Your electronic bank teller or stockbroker

• A computerized telephone salesperson

• Talking animatrons at Chuck E. Cheese, Disney World, and museums

• Videogames

• Home and automobile secu- rity systems

• An electronic conductor on a subway car

• Talking tech data comput- ers in hospitals, labs, facto- hes, and elsewhere

One of the geniuses of the computer revolution, Alan Tur- ing, created a seemingly im- possible intelligence test for computers over 50 years ago. He said computers would be truly intelligent when a human judge couldn't tell if he or she were conversing with a human or a computer.

Maybe we've already reached that point— and passed it.

How many robotlike wait- ers, bank tellers, telephone op- erators, and supermarket cash- iers have you run into? In com- parison, a computerized voice often sounds warm, friendly, and personable. The comput- er can sound truly human — something that people in rote, mechanical jobs have difficul- ty imitating.

On the other hand, even with the eclipse of the Cold Wan we still may not survive the future. Instead of perishing through global holocaust, we may vyink out slowly, one per- son at a time, through terminal boredom produced by listen- ing to interminable computer phone messages! O

G'24 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

PROGRAMS

ROGUE SUNBATHERS

By Alain Tremblay

The sun that shines on this distant plan- et is a potent and powerful source of en- ergy. The natives of this planet take ad- vantage of its power by erecting tall stone columns that they can use to bask in the rays high above the ground. Your task in this amusing one- or two-player game is to surpass the other sunbathers by build- ing the tallest column.

Rogue Sunbathers is written entirely in machine language. To enter it, use MLX, our machine language entry program. See "Typing Aids" elsewhere in this sec- tion. When MLX prompts, respond with the following values.

Starting address: 08Q1 Ending address: 1838

Be sure to save a copy of the program before exiting MLX.

Playing the Game

At the start of the game, use the joy- stick to select how many computer opponents you wish to play against. You can select up to four. Also select the number of human players and the game's speed factor Confirm each se- lection by pressing the fire button.

When the game begins, each play- er (including the computer opponents) starts at the foot of a short column. Move the joystick up and down to climb a column; move it left and right to run. You'll notice that each player has a distinctive hair color. This color matches a color bar at the bottom of the screen that indicates the status of that player's health.

Gather Rocks

Your first objective is to gather stones that you can pile on top of your column to make it higher. One way to get stones is to kick at an opponent's col- umn. Stand beside a column, push the joystick button, and then move the joy- stick in the direction you want to kick. Keep pressing the joystick button.

If you're successful in your kick at- tempt, a stone will be freed from the base of the column. To pick it up, move to it and push the joystick up. The stone will disappear, but you'll no- tice that your movements are slightly

slower. Take the stone and climb to the top of your column where it will be au- tomatically added-

To drop a stone, move the joystick down. Stones are also found just out- side the left and right screen borders. Run until you almost leave the screen. Keep running even if you Ye not actual- ly moving. You'll automatically pick up a stone after a short time. Take it back to your tower.

If a player builds a column taller than your own, you can climb to the top of it and kick several stones off. You can dislodge stones by pushing the joystick button and moving the stick left or right.

Be aware that the owner of a col- umn objects to this behavior and has the right to push you off on your head. Each fall from the top of a column cuts your health by half. You won't be al- lowed to kick if your health status falls to 0,

You may recover and even gain ex- tra health by climbing your column and sitting in the sun's powerful rays. Also, watch out for falling rocks. If a stone hits you on the head, it not only smash- es you a little, but it's also harmful to your health.

The Winner

The game ends when the sun reaches the right side of the screen. The play- er with the tallest column wins. Health status is also taken into account for establishing the winner.

To change the game's color set- tings, type in the following POKEs after loading the game but before running it. POKE 4390. X will change the border color. POKE 4391, Xwill change the screen. POKE 2063, Xwill alter the stone color. For X, enter any Commo- dore color code number (0-15).

ROGUE SUNBATHERS

0801; 0809: 0811; 0819: 0821: 0829J 0831: 0839; 0841: 0849: 0851J 0859: 0861:

0B 08 32 00 21 00 D2 FF A0 11 D4 A9 8D 18 8D 06 C0 CA 65 0A E5 0C 20 7B 98 0A

0A 00 9E 00 00 00 8D 86 02 D9 10 13 D4 27 8D 0D D4 8D 03 D4 A2 07 10 FB 20 0A 0A 85 E5 0C E5 13 20 6D AA A9 AF

20 8C

32 30

A9 08 A9 93 20 92 88 8C D4 A9 D4 A9 A9 0A IB 15 FF A9 FF 85 15 A4 9D 01

36 2E

8D 76 20 FD 12 6C 14 7E 0F E9 7F BF 95 DE 18 D5 20 10 06 15 0C Dl D0 F6

0869:A9 0871:0A 0879:10 0881:99 0889:D0 0891:FA 0899:7D 08A1:86 08A9:8A 08B1:A6 08B9;C0 08C1:DB 08C9:0C 08D1:9B 0809:33 08E1:CS 08E9:EE 08F1:08 08F9:29 0901:E8 0909:45 0911:4D 0919:50 0921:20 0929:20 0931:49 0939:20 0941:23 0949:45 0951:41 0959:00 0961:41 0969:34 0971:Ea 0979:E4 09ai:A5 0989:4A 0991:95 0999:0E 09A1:3C 09A9:58 09B1:B5 09B9:73 09C1:B5 09C9:60 09D1:4C 09D9:46 09E1:F0 09E9:4C 09Fl:B4 09F9:46 0A01:C9 0A09:85 0A11:20 0A19;03 0A21:72 0A29:20 0A31:D0 0A39:02 0A41:4A 0A49:A5 0A51:A9 0A59:72 0A61:07 0A69:FF 0A71:79 0A79:B4 0A81:F0 0A89:29 0A91:A9

00 85 0A 26 A9 C0 27 00 A6 0A 20 6F 15 A6 FF A9

18 69 FF F6

27 D0 A5 3B 86 94 9D 20 0B 98

84 7F

08 4C A5 08 3F F0 D0 F2 52 20 50 55 50 4F

28 31 31 00 4E 4E 50 4C

58 21

52 20

59 45

53 50 43 54

29 3F CA 86 0A F0 06 95 C0 04 36 85 D0 D6 F0 0D F0 05 27 10 0A B5 58 F0 C5 FF 72 09 F0 10 06 A9 72 09 27 F0 F0 03 14 A9 02 20 05 0B 20 BC

09 B5 17 0B 0B B9 90 17 DD 20

08 C9

01 95

09 B5 C9 D0

85 02 0F B5

60 C4

19 B5 0F D0

02 4C

02 B9

02 69 99 FB 88 10 20 45 09 20 0C B5 00 95 14 AA C0 A9

02 D6 C9 27 B5 C0 9B CA

09 30 A0 08 3C 08

10 FC 07 99 60 4E 4F 46 54 45 4E 45 2D 34 54 48 45 52 41 59 00 4E 4F 46

52 53

45 45 4F 52 20 31 FF 8A 87 D6 36 B4 B0 01 4B F0 B5 63 D6 3C A9 C8 IF 4A

46 15

03 20 F0 0E B5 50 20 7E 00 95 A4 FF 2E 88 4C AC FF 90 A7 0E F0 07 0D 20 C0 C9 F0 2D 20 9B B0 lA 9B A9 C0 A9 27 20 A0 D0 A9 01 A9 78 46 15 FF F0 85 F0 09 95

53 0A

00 9B IE 20 07 A9 DA 8C 0E CA

89 14 80 F0 80 B4 20 El

44 91 00 CA D0 C2 4A 70 10 F2 80 42 A2 27 A9 00 BD 05 C8 04 55 40 20 43 52 20 4E 54 29 3F

45 20 20 49 45 52 55 40 20 50 3A 20 44 20 28 31 00 A6 0A 85 36 10 50 F0 4A 75 05 20 D0 D2 00 CA 9D F8

90 03 58 F0

91 00 20 7A F0 19 0C B5 27 95 4C DB F0 7B 0A B5 02 A9 20 96 A9 FF 49 0B 04 90 20 33 C9 3C B9 20

91 00 F9 B9 B0 02 95 A0 58 F0 20 B5 0F A5 85 95 A9 01

0A 2E 55 47 02 E6 15 CA 10 F6 20 15 IE F2 C0 03 14 21 01 53

10 80 A6 D5 20 B9 20 71 09 2F 20 AA 85 2D 09 63 C8 BO 42 C4 4F D3 4F D0 53 95 3A 45

57 CB 53 92 20 Bl 42 C3 4G 2B 31 10 46 60 20 27 0C AC

11 14 Fl B8 0A 00 36 CE 19 5C B5 FE B5 80

07 15 4C 43 2B 3A B5 2A 0C 7E B5 51

58 37 50 E7 0A ID B5 DO 31 BA

01 15 0B 08 85 4B 4C A7 0F 02 0B DE A9 CF 9B F3 0A 6C

02 30 4C 4D F8 84 A9 98 4C 61 3E 4B 58 98

08 7A 75 04 95 48

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-25

PROGRAMS

0A99 0AAI 0AA9	:85 D0 57 B9 8F 00 F0 07 90 ;A9 02 95 27 4C 72 09 A9 18 :FF D0 02 A9 01 20 80 0C 62	0CC9 0CD1 0CD9	:A6 11 FE :02 95 27 :0O B4 60	01 D0 A6 FF A9 4C 4D 00 20 50 A9 00 85 02 95	34 29 7B	0EF9:0A 79 10 9B A8 29 IF 09 27 0F01:02 90 72 B9 FF 9B 09 04 34 0F09:A9 05 B0 02 A9 03 99 FF FF 0F11:9B B4 60 99 8A 00 18 69 BO
0AB1	;20 49 0B 4C 72 09 A5 3B 8C	0CE1	:46 B8 8A	CA 99 8F 00 95	F5
0AB9 0AC1 0AC9 0AD1 0AD9 0AE1	:C9 23 B0 17 B4 75 F0 13 73 :B9 IF 9B 0A 85 FE 20 33 2A :0B B9 20 9B C5 FE B4 75 98 :88 B0 07 20 33 0B D0 02 A2 :A0 00 B5 31 38 F9 00 9B 4D :F0 19 C9 01 F0 15 0A A9 97	0CE9 0CF1 0CF9 0D01 0009 0D11	:58 A6 11 :0A 26 02 :A6 FF B5 :9B 30 30 :0A 79 10 :00 9C 09	B9 00 9B, 0A 0A 69 14 20 55 10 50 F0 42 B9 20 98 0A 0A 0a"0A 9B A8 B5 50 99 04 08 A9 00 99	22 4B 45 BG 98 52	0F19:CA A6 FE 90 FS 07 A5 02 31 0F21:95 68 A9 41 95 98 A9 01 D0 0F29:95 08 8A 0A AA A4 11 B9 F9 0F31:00 00 9D 00 00 B9 01 D0 77 0F39:9D 01 D0 20 4B 10 AD 10 88 0F41;D0 39 60 10 F0 03 20 3F 36
0AE9 0AF1 0AF9 0B01 0B09 0B11 0B19 0B21 0B29 0B31	:01 B0 02 A9 FF 85 02 20 BF :A7 0E 20 96 0B 20 49 0B 41 :4C 72 09 20 50 0D 20 49 34 :0B 4C 72 09 A4 0C B5 31 80 :38 F9 00 9B F0 07 C9 01 AB :F0 03 88 10 Fl 60 A4 0C D8 :B9 60 00 C5 FF D0 04 C4 90 :FF D0 04 88 10 F2 60 B9 3B 58 00 19 46 00 F0 F4 A9 4A 00 60 A0 00 A6 0C B9 20 6C	0D19 0D21 0029 0D31 0D39 0D41 0049 0D51 0D59 0D61	:00 90 95 :0A 85 02 :38 E5 02 'AA 20 21 D4 A9 20 A9 C8 D0 07 90 F8 60 85 FE A9 00 85 FE 0A 0A	50 A9 04 90 01 A4 11 B9 01 D0 99 01 00 B5 60 14 A9 81 8D 12 8D 0F D4 A6 FF 05 BO F8 07 49 07 40 F3 0B 94 A6 11 DE 01 00 02 B9 00 9B A4 0A 26 02 69 08	91 6E 09 8E IE F5 BA IE 02 73	0F49:10 A9 81 80 0B D4 A9 00 ED 0F5118D 08 D4 A6 FF 40 0E 10 9A 0F59:B5 46 00 19 BD F8 07 A8 18 0F61:29 0F 09 09 F0 12 A5 02 BE 0F69:F0 03 40 80 0E 98 29 10 58 0F71:09 09 90 F8 07 40 22 10 87 0F79:A0 10 A5 02 F0 F7 30 02 8A 0F81:A0 00 98 85 FE 09 CA 90 AA 0F89:F8 07 A9 IE 95 3C B5 58 5E 0F91;F0 03 40 01 0E A4 00 R*i fid
0B39	9B DD 20 9B B0 02 8A A8 9D	0D69-	26 02 C0	01 00 02 69 17	B7	0F99;31 F9 00 9B 09 FF 00 08 80
0B41	CA 10 F3 A6 FF C4 FF 60 ID	0071:	20 55 10	98 0A 0A 0A 0A	13	0FA1:A5 FE 00 Dl A9 03 00 0F 93
0B49	20 17 0B D0 08 B5 8F F0 CA	0D79:	09 03 A6	FF 95 46 40 CB	08	0FA9:C9 02 F0 05 88 10 E8 30 22
0B51	04 A9 30 D0 IE A5 3B C9 B8	0D81:	0E B5 46	F0 03 4C 82 00	42 .	0FB1:70 A5 FE F0 fir A<3 PC 19 7C
0B59' 0B61: 0B69: 0B71: 0B79; 0B81:	35 B0 16 B4 75 F0 2A B9 CI 8E 00 D0 25 B5 C0 C9 04 73 90 20 B9 IF 9B 09 03 90 93 E0 A9 81 95 27 A9 00 95 61 85 B5 50 F0 0C 20 05 0B CE F0 07 A9 01 85 03 4C BC A4	0D89: 0D91: 0099: 0DA1: 0DA9; 0DB1:	B5 58 F0 B4 60 B9 02 A9 08 00 99 01 B4 60 99 9E A9 01	2A A5 03 30 BO 20 9B 09 08 90 18 A4 11 79 01 D0 A9 00 95 58 8F 00 06 02 30 40 50 00 20 05	AB FB FE 88 Bl 66	0FB9:75 31 85 FE B9 8A 00 D0 48 0FO1:60 B9 10 9B 09 01 F0 59 C7 0FO9:84 FD B5 00 F0 56 B5 20 E4 0FD1:E8 96 75 AA A4 FE 20 El A6 0FD9:14 A5 FD 0A 0A 0A 0A 0A 62 0FE1;AA BD 00 9C A4 FD 99 9A 69
0B8 9:	0D 60 A9 02 95 27 B5 58 A0	0DB9!	0B F0 94	B4 31 B5 2C AA	06	0FE9:00 A8 09 04 A9 05 B0 02 70
0B91:	F0 F7 4C 91 0D B5 C0 C9 4B	0DC1:	20 El 14	A6 FF A5 03 10	FD	0FF1:A9 03 9D 00 90 B9 2F 10 93
0B99:	04 90 3B B5 58 D0 18 A4 73	0DC9:	39 B5 50	00 23 Bl Dl 4A	D2	0FF9:A4 FE 91 Dl 09 01 C8 91 E8
0BA1:	0C C4 FF F0 2E B5 31 38 E0	0OD1:	90 01 88	0A 84 FE A0 04	8B	1001:01 A9 81 8D 0B 04 A9 08 84
0BA9:	F9 00 9B C9 FF D0 04 A9 CI	0DD9:	D9 2F 10	F0 05 88 D0 F8	A2	1009:80 08 D4 A6 FF B4 00 88 03
0BB1:	01 D0 06 C9 02 D0 IC A9 0F	0DE1:	F0 0E 94	50 A9 20 A 4 FE	A5	1011:94 00 8A 18 69 14 AA 20 8F
0BB9:	FF 85 02 B9 SA 00 D0 13 16	0DE9:	91 Dl G8	91 01 20 F4 0D	79	1019:E1 14 A9 20 91 Dl 98 F0 5C
0aci:	C0 00 F0 05 A5 08 4A 90 19	0DF1:	4C F3 0B	BD F8 07 29 10	B2	1021:03 40 F3 0B A9 02 95 4B 03
0BC9:	0A B9 10 9B C9 03 90 06 90	0DF9:	09 CB 9D	F8 07 A9 IE 95	7F	1029:A9 06 85 0F 40 F3 0B 40 09
0BD1:	4C 79 0F 88 10 CB 60 A0 E7	0E01:	41 60 B4	50 F0 EA B9 2F	47	1031:42 00 44 A5 02 18 70 00 00
0BD9:	00 AD 10 D0 3D 60 10 F0 E6	0E09:	10 B4 31	91 Dl C8 09 01	5E	1039:00 9D 00 00 D0 08 AD 10 48
0BE1:	08 BD 00 D0 C9 4C 90 09 22	0E11:	91 DI A9	00 95 50 F0 D5	45	1041:D0 10 60 10 D0 0A 09 FF 60
0BE9:	88 BD 00 00 C9 0C B0 01 Al	0E19:	10 IE 9D	F8 07 56 00 8A	A5	1049;D0 09 AD 10 D0 3D 61 10 19
0BF1:	08 60 A6 11 20 D3 0B 98 7D	0E2i:	18 69 14	B4 00 AA 20 El	44	1051: 3D 10 00 60 26 02 90 00 00
0BF9:	F0 IF 20 36 10 AD 12 D0 E3	0E29:	14 A9 20	91 Dl 08 00 27	31	1059:00 A5 02 F0 ED D0 OF 01 0B
0C01:	29 0F D0 15 A6 FF 20 F4 47	0E31:	D0 F9 A6	FF 94 4B 16 4B	52	1061:FE 02 FD 04 FB 08 F7 10 81
0C09:	0D A5 08 29 03 F0 04 C9 52	0E39:	06 4B D0	05 A9 00 9D F8	82	1069 ;EF 20 OF 40 BF 80 7F 05 4E
0C11:	03 D0 02 A9 04 95 50 A6 77	0E41:	07 4C F3	0B 86 FF 86 11	75	1071:06 07 06 A0 07 0A B0 03 8E
0C19:	11 38 AD 10 D0 3D 60 10 CA	0E49:	06 11 06	36 10 F3 AS 06	8C	1079:88 D0 FA 60 BO 00 DO A2 01
0C21:	D0 01 18 BD 00 D0 AA 6A C3	0E51:	95 36 B4	50 F0 0A 4A 00	66	1081:01 A0 00 94 02 4A B0 02 30
0C29:	4A 4A AS 88 8A 29 04 00 68	0E59:	04 90 01	4A 75 36 95 36	46	1089:06 02 4A B0 02 F6 02 CA A4
0C31:	01 88 A6 FF 94 31 A6 11 88	0E61:	B5 68 D0	69 B5 4B D0 B0	50	1091:10 EF 4A A5 00 B0 04 10 90
0C39:	BO 01 D0 48 29 07 AA 68 32	0E69;	B5 30 F0	00 D6 30 D0 5D	F4	1099:01 E8 60 36 00 60 A5 00 2A
0C41:	4A 4A 4A E0 05 E9 05 18 5A	0E71:	B5 58 F0	04 A9 C8 D0 52	41	10A1;18 69 15 85 FF A2 14 A0 76
0C49:	69 01 A6 FF 95 2C 60 A8 Fl	0E79:	B5 41 F0	04 D6 41 D0 40	09	10A9:00 20 El 14 98 05 AC A9 6E
0C51:	88 A9 CO 99 F8 07 BD F8 A3	0E81:	20 70 10	8A A6 FF A8 D0	0F	10B1:44 90 02 A9 20 91 01 A5 83
0C59:	07 C9 D0 A2 FF B0 02 A2 15	0E89;	03 4C 59	0F A5 03 F0 03	74	10B9:D1 85 D3 A5 02 18 69 04 97
0C61:	01 96 68 A2 00 96 98 96 F8	0E91:	4C 82 '00	B5 46 15 58 D0	79	1001:85 D4 BD 13 D0 00 20 90 ID
0C69:	58 CA 96 C8 A6 FF A9 81 C9	0E99:	34 A5 02	00 0 9 BD Fa 07	BE	1009:02 A9 02 91 D3 C8 00 28 lA
0C71:	8D 0B D4 A9 IE 8D 08 04 54	0EA1:	29 11 09	00 D0 24 A6 11	39	10D1:D0 DA E8 E4 FF 00 D0 60 01
0C79:	60 A9 01 D0 02 A9 FF 85 95	0EA9:	20 36 10	A6 FF B4 B8 BD	Dl	10D9:78 A9 33 85 01 A2 00 BD AF
0C81:	03 DE 00 80 30 03 4C 40 4E	0EB1:	F8 07 06	70 10 0B A9 03	F0	10E1:00 00 90 00 38 BD 00 Dl 74
0C89:	00 A9 02 90 00 80 A4 11 09	0EB9:	95 70 08	98 29 03 A8 94	9A	10E9:9D 00 39 BO 07 15 9D 00 2A
0C91:	A5 03 18 79 01 D0 99 01 57	0EC1:	B8 B9 70	10 A4 02 10 02	07	10F1:3A OA D0 EB A9 36 85 01 EC
0C99'	D0 38 E9 AF 90 07 A9 00 54	0EC9:	49 10 9D	F8 07 40 F3 0B	2E	10F9:A9 11 80 15 03 A9 35 8D EO
0CA1^	95 46 40 4D 00 49 FF 69 6B	0ED1:	A0 07 B9	68 00 F0 08 88	lA	1101:14 03 A2 IE A9 00 90 00 AC
0CA9	00 B4 60 38 F9 20 9B B0 B6	0ED9:	00 04 00	F6 40 F3 0B 84	AD	1109:D4 BD 16 11 90 10 D0 OA 72
0CB1	03 40 45 00 18 A4 11 79 06	0EE1:	FE B4 60	B9 8A 00 00 E5	2E	1111:D0 F2 86 0F 58 60 IB 00 94
0CB9	01 00 99 01 D0 B4 60 B9 90	0EE9:	B5 00 D0	03 4C 25 10 E8	5B	1119:00 00 FF 08 00 IE 00 00 40
0CC1	SF 00 F0 17 04 FF F0 0E 47	0EF1:	96 75 CA	98 0A 0A 0A 0A	30	1121:00 IF 00 00 00 F6 E6 00 04

G-26 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

1129:	00	00	F9	F0	F7	F0	Fl	F5	F6	1359:	85	02	3A	29	55	0A	05	02	85	1589:B5	68	F0	43	C9	80	F0	3F	6C
1131:	F4	F8	Fa	F8	A9	80	8D	0B	30	1361:	91	24	E6	22	C6	24	C6	03	AF	1591:B5	98	38	F5	ce	95	93	10	01
1139:	D4	8D	12	D4	A6	0C	B5	A0	2A	1369:	D0	D7	A5	24	18	69	06	85	DC	1599:04	A0	01	94	C3	20	74	10	17
1141:	F0	02	D6	A0	CA	10	F7	AD	75	1371:	24	C6	04	D0	C8	C6	05	D0	25	15A1:98	D5	A8	F0	0D	95	A8	8A	4C
1149:	IE	D0	C9	20	90	38	A2	FF	94	1379:	A5	60	20	F0	14	A0	27	A9	B8	15A9:0A	A8	B9	01	D0	75	C8	99	Dl
1151:	E0	03	F0	32	4A	E8	85	07	ED	1381:	46	99	D0	06	A9	05	99	D0	11	15B1:01	D0	D6	B0	10	10	A9	05	8F
1159:	90	F6	B4	4B	D0	F2	84	46	CE	1389:	DA	88	10	F3	8C	0F	D4	A6	71	15B9;95	B0	8A	A8	0A	AA	B9	68	8D
1161:	F0	EE	B4	60	B9	A0	00	F0	95	1391:	0C	86	FF	AC	IB	D4	C0	27	FE	15C1:00	20	36	10	98	AA	B4	98	2D
1169:	19	8A	D5	60	F0	14	A9	C2	69	1399:	B0	F9	C0	07	90	F5	A2	02	C2	15C9:C8	D0	04	A9	30	95	68	CA	9D
1171:	95	4B	A9	06	85	0F	8A	0A	4E	13A1:	20	El	14	A2	07	Bl	Dl	C9	69	15D1:10	B6	60	00	00	00	00	00	BD
1179:	A8	A9	AF	99	01	D0	A9	00	88	13A9:	20	D0	E8	83	CA	D0	F6	C8	0A	15D9:00	00	00	IF	3F	IF	00	00	6C
1181:	95	46	A5	07	D0	CA	E6	03	AC	13BL:	C8	C8	A6	FF	98	9D	00	9B	lA	15E1:00	00	00	7C	FE	BC	00	00	BE
1189:	D0	18	A5	94	D0	14	A4	3B	73	13B9:	8A	0A	0A	0A	0A	0A	69	60	35	15E9:00	00	00	IF	7F	38	00	00	EE
1191:	A9	20	99	00	04	A9	44	C3	DB	13C1:	85	02	A9	10	85	03	A5	02	E6	15FL:00	00	00	D8	FC	F0	00	07	5C
1199:	99	00	04	A9	07	99	00	D8	IB	13C9:	91	Dl	18	69	10	C8	91	Dl	5F	15F9:1F	0D	IF	IF	IF	0D	00	E0	DA
llAl:	84	3B	A5	08	29	3F	D0	11	03	13D1:	E6	02	A6	D6	E8	88	20	El	B9	1601:F8	F8	78	88	F3	£0	5C	FF	86
11A9:	A4	7F	F0	0D	88	98	0A	AA	52	13D9:	14	C6	03	00	E9	C6	FF	10	A3	1609:00	00	00	00	00	00	FB	07	34
llBli	AD	15	D0	5D	60	10	8D	15	53	13E1:	B2	A4	0C	98	0A	0A	0A	0A	2C	1611:0A	80	00	0B	00	00	09	00	25
11B9:	D0	A5	08	0A	D0	3C	A6	0C	20	13E9:	0A	AA	A9	0F	85	03	A9	04	75	1619:00	05	00	00	04	00	00	55	FB
llCl:	F6	7A	A4	3B	C0	12	90	0D	C2	13F1:	85	02	D0	0F	G6	02	F0	15	9B	1621:00	01	55	00	01	55	40	01	17
11C9:	C0	16	B0	09	F6	7 A	F6	7A	82	13F9:	AD	IB	D4	29	03	F0	F5	C9	7C	1629:14	40	01	14	40	00	55	00	7D
llDl	A9	02	99	FF	D7	SA	0A	A8	22	1401:	03	D0	02	A9	04	9D	00	9C	EC	1631:00	3C	00	00	IC	00	00	14	61
11D9'	B9	01	D0	38	E9	2C	20	74	6B	1409:	E8	C6	03	D0	EB	A9	00	9D	68	1639:00	00	14	00	00	14	00	00	38
llEl	10	98	D5	7A	B0	11	8A	D5	49	1411:	00	9C	88	10	CE	A6	0C	20	BB	1641:14	00	00	14	FB	27	2A	00	89
11E9:	60	D0	0C	B5	58	15	46	F0	El	1419:	21	14	CA	10	FA	4C	9F	10	89	1649:00	2C	00	00	24	00	00	14	B5
llFl:	06	95	80	A9	00	95	7 A	CA	3D	1421:	86	0E	8A	0A	0A	0A	0A	0A	98	1651:00	00	10	00	00	54	00	01	Dl
11F9:	10	C6	A5	08	29	07	D0	03	15	1429:	85	FE	A5	0E	69	3B	85	23	CF	1659:55	00	05	FD	40	01	75	FB	90
1201'	8D	88	14	A6	0C	DE	00	9A	71	1431:	85	25	A9	00	35	22	85	FD	58	1661:07	08	00	00	08	00	0A	88	EF
1209	D0	25	AD	12	D0	29	IF	09	28	1439:	A9	80	85	24	A0	7F	A6	FE	98	1669:00	0B	08	00	09	08	00	05	C6
1211	08	9D	00	9A	BD	F3	07	A8	D2	1441-	A9	04	85	0B	BD	00	9C	F0	B8	1671:08	00	04	08	00	15	08	00	07
1219	29	0F	C9	08	F0	06	C9	02	84	1449-	21	AA	BD	82	14	E0	04	AA	63	1679:15	14	00	15	50	00	15	40	73
1221	90	07	D0	0B	98	49	10	D0	F4	14 51'	90	02	06	0B	BD	00	3A	91	A7	1681:00	05	00	00	0F	50	00	0D	85
1229	03	98	49	01	9D	F8	07	CA	D7	1459	:22	BD	08	3A	91	24	CA	88	El	1689:50	00	02	14	00	02	04	00	6F
1231	10	D3	A2	07	B5	68	C9	80	7A	1461	:E6	FD	C6	0B	D0	EE	E6	FE	15	1691:02	00	00	08	00	00	08	00	4F
1239'	D0	24	8A	0A	A8	B9	01	D0	BF	1469	:D0	D4	A9	00	91	22	91	24	C0	1699:00	08	00	00	A0	FB	04	08	CC
1241	69	01	99	01	D0	C9	AF	D0	7B	1471	:88	10	F9	A6	0E	A5	FD	9D	2C	16A1:00	0A	88	00	0B	08	00	09	E2
1249	15	A9	00	95	68	E0	05	90	ID	1479	:20	9B	A5	FE	29	IF	90	10	4E	16A9:08	00	05	04	00	04	14	00	F2
1251	05	99	01	D0	B0	08	A9	C2	47	1481	:9B	60	07	17	3F	27	3F	00	F6	16B1:05	50	00	15	40	00	15	80	72
1259	95	4B	A9	06	85	0F	CA	10	BE	1489	:AD	83	14	D0	38	A6	0C	8E	3D	16B9:00	55	00	00	55	00	00	15	FA
1261	D3	A6	0F	30	0E	BD	7A	12	6C	1491	:88	14	B5	8A	F0	2C	8A	0A	89	16C1:10	00	0F	54	00	0D	44	00	D9
1269	8D	01	D4	BD	81	12	8D	04	7E	1499	:0A	0A	0A	0A	A8	B9	00	9C	F3	16C9:09	40	00	08	50	00	03	10	AD
1271	D4	C6	0F	AD	0D	DC	4C	81	64	14A1	:F0	ID	C9	05	F0	04	C9	03	41	16D1:00	02	10	00	02	00	00	08	98
1279	EA	00	02	07	02	07	08	10	10	14A9	:D0	12	85	FF	B9	01	9C	99	14	16D9:00	00	20	FB	09	0A	80	00	3B
1281	10	41	21	41	11	41	11	A8	8E	14B1	:00	9C	95	8A	F0	10	A5	FF	6F	16E1;0B	00	00	09	00	00	05	00	2E
1289	00	00	38	00	00	18	00	00	15	14B9	:99	01	9C	C8	C8	D0	OE	20	76	16E9:00	04	00	00	55	40	00	55	18
1291	14	A9	0F	85	22	A9	16	85	CD	14C1	:21	14	GA	10	CD	60	B5	8F	C4	16F1:40	01	55	00	01	14	40	01	03
1299	23	A9	30	8D	BD	12	A2	00	14	14C9	:F0	F5	38	E9	01	0A	AS	A5	B4	16F9:14	50	00	54	00	00	F0	00	68
12A1	A0	00	A9	01	85	FF	Bl	22	0D	14D1	:FF	C9	05	A9	04	90	01	0A	16	1701:00	70	00	01	54	00	01	04	04
12A9	C8	D0	02	E6	23	C9	FB	D0	IE	14D9	:79	01	D0	99	01	D0	D0	DF	7F	1709:00	04	04	00	00	04	00	00	C8
12B1	09	Bl	22	85	FF	F0	12	C8	14	14E1	:BD	00	9F	85	Dl	BD	20	9F	9A	1711:04	FB	0C	0A	80	00	0B	00	7C
12B9	:A9	00	9D	40	30	£8	D0	03	34	14E9	:85	D2	86	D6	84	D3	60	A2	9E	1719:00	09	00	00	05	00	00	04	B5
12C1	-EE	BD	12	C6	FF	D0	F3	F0	97	14F1	;00	A9	20	9D	00	04	9D	00	AD	1721:00	00	15	00	00	55	00	00	47
I2C9	D9	A2	3E	A0	00	BD	40	30	FC	14F9	:05	9D	00	06	90	E7	06	£8	ED	1729:55	00	00	55	40	00	55	40	44
12D1	:9D	00	30	BD	00	32	99	00	A2	1501	:D0	EF	8A	A0	04	9D	00	9F	21	1731:00	14	00	00	3C	00	00	IC	62
12D9	:33	A9	00	9D	40	33	9D	C0	A6	1509	:18	69	28	48	98	90	20	9F	3E	1739:00	00	14	00	00	14	00	00	3A
12E1	i33	C8	CA	10	E8	A2	09	BD	CD	1511	:68	90	01	C8	E8	E0	lA	D0	10	1741: 50	00	00	10	00	00	10	FB	B4
12E9	:38	12	9D	07	30	CA	10	F7	BF	1519	:EC	60	A2	00	A0	79	20	EE	40	1749:0C	0A	80	00	08	00	00	09	71
12F1	;A0	00	A2	07	BD	00	3A	99	27	1521	:08	20	3E	15	85	0C	A2	40	52	1751:00	00	05	00	00	04	00	00	30
12F9	:67	33	BD	08	3A	99	68	33	13	1529	:A0	A9	20	EE	08	A9	01	20	0A	1759:55	00	00	55	00	01	55	10	46
13S31	:BD	20	3A	99	E7	33	BD	28	9E	1531	:40	15	85	0A	C6	0A	A2	55	0B	1761:01	15	50	01	15	40	00	14	2D
1309	:3A	99	E8	33	C8	C8	C8	CA	CB	1539	:A0	Dl	20	EE	08	A9	03	85	8D	1769:00	00	F0	00	00	74	00	01	88
1311	:10	E2	A9	10	85	05	A9	C0	82	1541	:0D	85	FE	84	FF	A2	00	20	26	1771:44	00	15	04	00	00	01	00	A6
1319	:85	26	A9	2F	85	23	A5	26	DD	1549	:7D	10	A4	FF	A5	02	F0	12	F3	1779:00	01	00	00	01	FB	IS	2A	3A
1321	:18	69	40	85	26	85	22	85	IF	1551	:B9	C7	04	18	25	FE	69	31	75	1781:00	00	2C	00	00	24	00	00	C5
1329	:24	A5	23	69	00	85	23	09	2B	1559	:99	C7	04	0A	85	08	A5	08	03	1789:14	00	00	10	00	00	54	00	68
1331	:04	85	25	E6	24	E6	24	A0	73	1561	:10	FC	8A	D0	E0	B9	C?	04	B2	1791:01	55	00	01	55	00	01	55	A7
1339	:00	A9	15	85	04	A9	03	85	17	1569	:38	E9	30	60	A2	90	A9	00	E0	1799:00	04	54	40	04	54	40	05	4E
1341	:03	Bl	22	85	06	A9	01	85	50	1571	:95	2F	9D	37	3A	9D	80	CF	72	17A1:FD	40	05	rs	40	01	55	FB	83
1349	:02	4A	06	06	90	02	05	02	BC	1579	:CA	D0	F5	60	C6	12	10	52	F2	17A9;0C	0A	80	00	0B	00	00	09	Dl
1351	:06	02	90	F6	AA	29	AA	4A	16	1581	:A5	06	4A	4A	85	12	A2	07	AE	17B1:00	00	05	00	00	04	00	00	90

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-27

PROGRAMS

X7B9:15	00	00	55	40	00	55	40	B4
17C1:01	54	40	01	14	50	01	14	95
17C9;00	00	3C	00	00	IC	00	00	EF
17Dl:15	00	00	05	00	00	05	00	E4
1709:00	14	00	00	04	FB	0C	A 8	DD
17E1:00	00	B0	00	00	90	00	00	68
17E9:50	00	00	40	00	00	54	00	EC
17F1:01	55	00	05	51	50	04	50	6A
17F9:0O	10	54	00	10	14	00	00	87
1801:3D	50	00	IF	55	00	14	00	A8
1809:00	04	00	00	04	00	00	10	6A
1811:00	00	10	FB	24	14	00	00	74
1819:55	A0	03	55	60	03	04	60	EA
1821:01	44	20	00	55	00	00	51	E2
1829;0O	00	50	00	01	44	00	01	7D
1831:04	FB	05	FB	00	00	00	00	C2

Afain Tremblay does his sunbathing in SaintB'Foy, Quebec, Canada.

SPACE TREK

By Bob Yu

The space adventure continues with Space Trek. Boldly go where no comput- erist has gone before in this fast-paced, one- or two-player arcade-style game for the 64.

As captain of a space vessel, you have a mission to explore the final fron- tier of space. Your mission for this par! of the adventure is to guide your ship through dangerous asteroid fields to reach the other side of the Alpha sector.

Getting Started

Space Trei< is written entirely in ma- chine language. To enter the program, use MLX, our machine language entry program. See *'Typing Aids" elsewhere in this section. When MLX prompts, re- spond with the following values.

Starting address: 0801 Ending address: 1638

Be sure to save a copy of the program before exiting MLX.

Playing the Game

Space Trek loads and runs like a BA- SIC program. At the menu prompt, move joystick 1 left for a one-player game or right for a two-player game. Your task is to guide your ship through an asteroid belt, trying to avoid collisions. Your shields have only enough power to resist three hits from the asteroids. You can either fly around the asteroids or destroy them with blasts from your ship's phaser Also be

G-28 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

on the alert for enemy ships.

Control your ship with either the key- board or joystick. Joysticks are re- quired for the two-player game. Use a joystick to guide your ship left or right, and press the fire button to launch a Phaser blast. From the keyboard, move your ship to the right by pressing the 2 key. Press Ctrl to move to the left Press the space bar to fire the ship's Phaser. Press the Commodore key to pause the game and then press the Shift key to resume play.

Game levels are determined by the length of time you successfully avoid collisions. At higher levels your ship will increase its speed. There are six lev- els in all. Watch out for the last level: it's a killer.

Scoring

Each rock that you hit with your phas- er earns you 150 points. You earn 250 points for hitting an enemy ship. Noth- ing will shoot at you, but watch out for those fast-approaching rocks. Each as- teroid hit causes you to lose one shield factor. Warning: this game may look sinnple, but it's addictive.

SPAC	ETREK
0801	:0B	08	0A	00	9E	32	30	36	2E
0809	:31	00	00	00	20	9F	08	20	61
0811	:7D	0A	20	44	E5	20	7D	0A	5F
0819	:20	E5	0D	20	C8	13	20	7D	A6
08 21	:0A	20	E9	12	20	90	0B	20	16
0829	:2F	12	20	09	12	A9	00	85	A6
0831	:A1	20	AA	0B	20	CA	08	AD	10
0839	;15	D0	29	01	F0	03	20	EA	FB
0841	:0B	AD	15	D0	29	04	F0	03	30
0849	:20	IB	0C	20	Bl	0D	20	CB	81
0851	:0D	20	4C	0C	20	7A	0C	20	50
0859	A8	0C	20	C3	0E	20	31	10	64
0861	:20	3B	13	20	E0	0F	20	A6	DE
0869	0E	20	B0	13	AD	C7	13	18	9A
0871	■69	F9	AA	20	9D	0B	A5	Al	12
0879	48	AD	8D	02	C9	02	00	07	E9
0881	AD	8D	02	C9	01	D0	F9	68	50
0889	85	Al	AD	C7	13	09	06	D0	93
0891	03	4C	59	14	AD	15	D0	29	2F
0899	05	D0	96	40	19	08	A2	00	26
08A1	BD	BA	08	9D	00	30	E8	E0	8D
08A9S	00	D0	F5	A2	00	BD	BA	09	4C
08B1:	9D	00	31	E8	E0	C0	D0	F5	E6
08B9:	60	00	20	00	00	20	00	00	7E
08C1:	A8	00	00	AS	00	00	A8	00	02
08C9:	00	A8	00	00	A8	00	00	A8	Fl
08D1:	00	00	AS	00	02	AA	00	02	B3
08D9:	AA	00	0A	AA	80	0A	AA	80	2D
08E1:	00	30	00	00	FC	00	00	FC	E2
08E9:	00	00	FC	00	00	FC	00	00	8D
08F1:	FC	00	00	30	^0	00	00	00	83
08F9:	00	00	20	00	00	20	00	00	8E
0901:	A8	00	00	A8	00	00	A8	00	43

0909	:00	AS	00	00	A8	00	00	A8	33
0911	:00	00	A8	00	02	AA	00	02	F4
0919	:AA	00	0A	AA	80	0A	AA	80	6E
0921	:00	30	00	00	FC	00	00	FC	24
0929	:00	00	30	00	00	00	00	00	41
0931	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	43
0939	:00	00	00	00	00	20	00	02	CO
0941	:A8	20	28	AA	A0	23	A8	20	62
0949	:2B	E8	AA	2F	2E	A2	AB	03	C9
0951	:88	8E	EF	AA	BF	FF	22	2E	64
0959	:FB	FA	BE	CE	CA	AF	83	02	0B
0961	:83	E3	28	BA	A3	F8	FF	87	67
0969	:A8	2E	8E	88	0A	2A	A0	0C	FB
09 71	:82	80	00	28	00	00	00	00	67
0979	:00	00	00	00	00	20	00	02	0E
0981	:A8	00	08	A2	00	03	8A	00	34
0989	:0B	EE	80	0E	2F	80	2B	F2	92
0991	i80	2E	FF	80	2A	FE	80	08	CD
0999	:EE	80	0A	EA	00	02	A8	00	8C
0 9A1	:00	80	00	00	00	00	00	00	D3
09A9	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	BE
09B1	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	C3
09B9	:00	00	20	00	08	20	00	08	98
09C1	100	08	82	22	08	20	28	80	09
09C9	:2B	B2	80	02	BF	80	22	FF	92
0901	:00	28	2C	00	0B	FA	80	83	3C
09D9	:F8	28	83	A2	80	02	38	00	89
09E1	:02	22	80	08	02	A0	A0	20	02
09E9	:20	20	20	28	00	00	00	00	9A
09F1	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	04
09F9	100	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	0G
0A01	:00	00	00	00	00	00	14	00	3D
0Afl9	:00	55	00	01	55	40	2A	55	D7
0A11	:A8	AA	AA	AA	AA	AA	AA	02	7B
0A19	:FF	30	00	3C	00	00	00	00	11
0A21	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	35
0A29	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	3D
0A31	r00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	45
0A39	:00	00	00	00	00	20	00	00	CD
0A41	t20	00	00	20	00	00	20	00	A7
0A49	:00	20	00	00	20	00	00	20	86
0A51	;00	00	20	00	00	00	00	00	69
0A59	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	60
0A61	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	75
0A69	;00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	70
0A71	:00	00	00	00	00	00	00	00	85
0A79	:00	00	00	00	A9	00	8D	21	17
0A81	:D0	80	20	D0	A9	01	8D	86	65
0A89	:02	A9	8E	20	16	E7	A9	08	88
0A91	:20	16	E7	20	66	E5	A0	00	46
0A99	:A9	07	8D	D0	0A	A2	00	A9	87
0AA1	:00	8D	CF	0A	A9	ID	20	16	CB
0AA9	'E7	EE	CF	0A	AO	CF	0A	C9	92
0AB1	:21	00	Fl	BD	01	0A	20	16	Bl
0AB9	E7	E8	EC	D0	0A	00	F4	AD	01
0AC1	•00	0A	18	69	07	8D	D0	0A	74
0AC9	C8	00	17	00	02	60	00	00	7A
0AD1	20	53	50	41	43	45	20	20	78
0AD9'	20	54	52	45	4B	20	20	20	EC
0AE1'	20	20	20	20	20	20	20	20	F5
0AE9:	20	20	20	20	4C	45	56	45	85
0AF1:	4C	3A	30	20	20	20	20	20	A4
0AF9:	20	20	50	4C	41	59	45	52	41
0B01;	31	20	53	43	4F	52	4 5	20	C4
0B09:	30	30	30	30	30	30	30	20	0F
0B11:	20	20	20	20	20	20	20	53	5A
0B19:	4 8	49	45	4C	44	20	20	20	16
0B21:	33	20	20	20	20	20	20	20	C0
0B29:	20	20	20	50	4C	41	59	45	BF
0B31:	52	32	20	53	43	4F	52	45	77

:20 30

:20 20

:53 48

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;20 A9

:8D 18

:AD IB

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:18 D0

;C8 D0

;60 AD

:D0 C9

:D0 01

:E0 FF

:60 AD

:D0 C9

:D0 01

:£0 FF

:60 AD

:D0 26

:1F AD

:C3 8D

:20 A3

:AD 15

:60 00

:00 D0

:D0 IF

:A9 C3

:11 20

:0C AD

:D0 60

:D0 26

:03 00

:03 D0

i8D lA

:8D 15

:60 AD

;AD 07

:4A 4A

:C9 12

:0C AD

:D0 A0

:AD 0D

:0B G9

:8D 08

:AD AE

111 0B

:0B 80

:0D AD

:20 72

:72 0B

:AF 0D

;14 20

: 80 0F

30 30 30 20 20 20

49 45 20 20

4C 20

20 20 50

4D 20

42 4F FF 8D 0F D4 A9 81 D4 C9

80

18 12 04 90 00 F6 60 A0 FB E8 E0 01 DC 0B D0 E8 C9 D0 01 00 DC 29 0B 00 06 E8 C9 07

00 01 CA

01 DC 29 AO lA 0C 00 00 SD 03 00 A0 12 A9 01 00 09 AO 00 26 AD

29 06 07 CA

02 OC 4B

AO 04 00 8D 07 00 C6 12 A9 15 D0 09 00 AD lA AD 03 00 4A 4A 20 C9 12 D0 0C AD 15 D0 A0 10 4B 0C C9 00 E9 03 20 El 12 D0 12 A9 15 D0 49 E5

10 20 C9 01

F0 0B

;A9 :C9 :32

:8D 0F

:AD AD

:09 00

:D0 08

:AD 0D

:13 AC

:C0 FE

:D0 80

:01 00

IE B D0 A9 01 00 C9 01 09 96 B0 0A 00 A9 AF 0D C9 0B C9 F5 8D 0C D0 AD AC 0D 72 0B C9 00 A2 FF SO AC 0D D0 14 2 0 00 A2 19 D0 A9 02 0D C9 01 C8 8C 09 A9 17 8D AD AE 00 0B 00 C8 00 08 A9 AE 00 AD 13 AC 00

30 30 20 20 44 20

20 20 52 4F 42 59 20 59 04 A 9 8D 12 90 EA 68 60 D4 E8 00 C8 FF 00 0F AE CA E0

00 06 8E 00 0F AE CA E0 D0 06 8E 04

10 C9 09 00 02 00

11 A9 80 lA 80 15 29 10 0C 09 80 06 A9 28

01 80 08 80 0C 09 E9 03 BE 12

12 A9 D0 49 20 C2 01 00 8D 07 AO 07

00 8D

08 8D 12 60 12 20 20 72 80 AD F0 12 0B 20

01 SD 01 F0 90 0B A9 01 C9 00 32 00 8E 0E AD AC 72 0B 8E 0E SD AC 00 13 00 00

09 D0 C9 01 SO 0B 17 SD AF 0D 00 C8

30 47 20 57 20 6C 20 2C

47 3F 20 79 55 6F FF F9 04 CC

48 80 A2 F2 E0 Fl C0 20 F4 FB 00 2C 18 46 E8 A2 00 03

04 18

30 66

E8 C2 00 FB 00 A6 D0 A9 A9 07 28 90

0C 00

75 31

09 8C 00 2B

00 01 A0 4F 4B 93 15 13

01 52 80 03 AO E2 00 AB

02 AB 12 52 26 71 00 18 00 Al 4B 02 15 60 AD 34 72 A7 0B 59 00 F5 20 AA 72 E4 AE 3C 12 F0 20 CC SO 20 00 06 0D E8 00 11 00 3A C9 16 00 30 00 27 AC El FE Fl 8D 24 D0 78 D0 E5 0B F5 C9 F5 80 27

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00 80 00 CA A 9 AO 0E 00 AC AO 01 09 07 06 FA 80 90 8D D0 8D A9 03 F6 00 SD 80 8D 07 8D A9 60 FE 00 E0 00 00 0E A9 00 00 00 61 99 EB 0F D0 31 05 F0 00 29 0F 2F A0 Fl 0F A0 80 F0 0F 20 A0 A2 D9 Al 80 93 0C 06 0F

00 C0 0D 00

09 01 8E 0E 00 80 AC 00 00 ES 08 A9 00 60 Fa 07 80 FS CI D0 60 AD A9 01

07 09 FA 07 00 00 17 00 A9 F0

10 D0 02 80 9D 27 A9 01 A9 00 F8 07 F9 07 FC 07 A9 05 00 D0

08 80 A2 00 79 0E EF A9 06 D0 00 00 88 00 BD 9F 00 90 EC 40 00 00 BD 79 05 BD

79 06 60 A9 CA E0 8E D4 8A 29 F0 4B 0B A2 0F 80 04 F0 20 0C 0F 60

08 20 AE D5

09 01 00 20 02 0F 28 A2

80 06 93 0F 00 20 02 A0 0F AD A2 06 DA 0F 0F 80 20 93 A0 0E 60 A9

00 80

07 05

05 00 10

07 07 07

FE D0 08

SD AF 00

D0 13 AE 00 E0 0F D0

09 02 D0

SE 0E D0

00 8D 0F

00 00 00 C9 00 D0

60 AO

A9 00

FA 07 09

80 FA 07

01 D0 60 A2 E8 E0 80 IB D0 80 15 00 A9 01 8D 26 D0 A2

00 E8 E0 80 28 00 SD 29 D0 80 FA 07 80 FB 80 FO 80 FF A9 A0 SO

01 D0 8D 8S C0 FF BD 79 0E 00 9D 79 EC 40 5A 00 00 00 FF F0 17 0E 09 0A 9F 0E E8 80 0E 60 00 00 A2 0E 18 69 9F 0E 18 CA 08 E0 00 A2 09 FF D0 F8 0F 8A 29 F0 F0 20 AD D4 0F 00 8E 05 OE 0F AD 32 A2 04 0F 8D OF A9 19 80 93 0F C9 0F A0 0A F0 E5 AE

60 0F

02 A0 08 0F A2 02 8D D7 0F 93 0F 8D

20 93

0F 29

A0 08 20

A2 06 A0

OB 0F A2

0F SO DC

20 93 0P

00 80 D3

93 0F AO D4

0E D4

A9 17 57

AD AC 42

0E 00 F9

00 08 24

AC 0D 3E

13 AE 14

E0 FF 6A

00 80 33

00 00 69

06 A9 50 F8 07 5A 80 F8 FF C0 D0 96 60 AO 00 A9 00 37 A9 00 00 00 F6 5B 80 10 DF A9 FF ID 25 00 F8 00 A9 49

07 00 Bl 80 2A 00 A9 00 2B A9 06 12 A9 02 5E 8D FE 3B A9 50 90

04 D0 F4

05 00 CD F0 17 05 09 0A 9A 0E E8 F6 0E 60 B0 00 A2 38 FE 9F 59 00 EF F8 E0 06 00

00 00 DC

06 A0 F4 30 99 A5 69 30 45 FF 00 09 90 06 EA AE IE 22 0F F0 8D 8A 29 OB 29 01 37 0F 20 9F D4 0F 5F 8E 05 05 0F 40 77 D2 0F DC

01 F0 51 20 93 88 05 0F 00 A9 00 32 29 02 BE 20 93 47 A0 0A 7E A2 02 59

05 0F 6F 0F SO 39

08 F0 51 93 0F 02 0A 20 FF

06 A0 44 0F A2 Bl 80 DO 68 0F 4C AA

0F99	AF	0F
0FAi	0A	A9
0FA9	4C	AF
0FB1	00	D9
0FB9	F9	00
0FO1	A 9	00
0FC9	00	CO
0FD1	60	00
0FD9	00	00
0FE1	06	0F
0FE9	0E	AD
0FF1	20	5A
0FF9	A0	96
1001	F0	05
1009	DA	0F
10II	0E	AO
1019	20	80
1021	A0	96
1029	F0	0 5
1031	A2	00
1039	A0	02
1041	L0	E8
1049	11	60
1051	DE	0F
1059	11	98
1061	02	20
1069	AA	68
1071	90	DE
1079	F0	08
1081	:88	10
10 89	:7F	11
1091	:11	A9
1099	:A0	80
10A1	:68	AA
10A9	:BD	06
10B1	:A9	01
10B9	;81	A9
10C1	:12	68
1009	:9d	06
1001	:07	DD
1009	:9D	FC
10E1	:11	90
10E9	:81	11
10F1	:9D	81
10F9	:02	12
1101	:85	11
1109	:11	BD
1111	:DE	85
1119	:07	8A
112L	:09	D0
1129	:11	D0
1131	:0F	F0
1139	:A0	81
1141	:C6	12
1149	:D9	0F
1151	:C9	05
1159	:07	40
1161	:07	EE
1169	:29	D0
1171	:A0	80
1179	:A9	G5
1181	:00	00
1189	:E6	20
1191	:F7	06
1199	^E6	20
llAl	07	06
11A9	02	11
llBl	CA	00
1IB9	BD	FF
llCl	F4	A2

AO 03

01 80 0F A 9 00 00 D0 CD 60 B9

02 0F 00 00 00 00 F0 05

07 0F 0E AO 20 5A A0 FA F0 05 DB 0F 0E AD 20 80 A0 FA A0 00 20 4B E0 03 BD 7F F0 4E 48 8A A3 12 A8 4C 0F B9 A9 C4 A9 00 BD 7F 00 90 20 02 60 BD 0F ID 90 81 02 20 AA 40 0F 9D

8 5 11 07 40 FC 07

09 0A 11 8A 20 E5 09 02 85 LI

11 BO 18 2A 8A 6A lA AO 4A A9 A9 02 4C 4E 80 DD 00 08 62 11 84 11

12 A9 20 C2 80 FF 00 00 02 11 CA E0

02 LI CA 00 BO EF F4 A2

03 90 BE 20

0F 09

03 0F

01 60 F0 E4

02 0F 00 00 90 CC 00 00 00 00 A0 96 F0 05

08 0F 0E AO 20 5A A0 96 F0 05 DC 0F 0E AO 20 80 20 4B

10 CA D0 F3

11 D0 A9 01 48 A0 20 06 74 10 F8 07 99 F8 99 FS

11 C9 ?F 11

12 20 81 11 DA 0F

11 8A A3 12 OF 10 DA 0F D0 08 E5 10 FE 81 D0 37 48 A0

12 6S

00 0A 90 FC 85 11 AA A9 AA 60

09 0F

01 SD 20 A3

11 A9 0F AD A9 04 A9 C5 AD 84 00 80

12 20 07 60

02 02 BD OF 00 00 BO DF F4 A2

04 90 E6 20 27 04 02 11

01 F0 08 E8 08 90 BD 00 5B 90 0B 03 90 DA 9A FD 00 9B A9 00 lA 00 00 20 00 AD A5 20 5A 97 A0 96 D9 F0 05 30

09 0F Al 0E AD 02 20 80 E8 A0 96 83 F0 05 10 DO 0F 35 0E 60 46

10 ES ED 20 A4 73 20 27 01 IF BD 81 90 7F B3 81 A9 4B 12 68 C8 A9 00 0A C9 04 Dl 07 40 A0 07 FE E8 29 D0 30 SA 48 10 E5 12 49 00 IE 98 F0 75 7C 48 A0 96 20 06 B3 A9 00 31 BD FO B5 A9 C4 60 BD 85 IE

11 BD DF A9 00 9F 80 20 Fl AA BD A7 FE 85 01 07 60 34 90 FC AA FA 90 96 AO 8 4 AA 00 DD 29 84 11 53

12 20 35 00 SD 76 FF 07 El 8D FF OF 80 FF EE 11 C9 OF 84 11 81 E5 12 23 00 00 40 0 2 A2 EC 06 90 69 F2 A2 64 05 90 B7 E6 20 4F 17 05 F9

02 11 A4 CA 00 A4 BO 0F 46

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-29

PROGRAMS

11C9:

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13F1

:03 9D ;F2 8A :4C D3 :E9 08 :0B C9 :A9 2E :D0 EC :00 04 ;A9 00 ;20 E5 ;0D 20 ;2E 12 :11 20 ;8D 18 :A9 10 ;12 D4

59 8D 0B EE 0F D4 20 9D A2 F8 AD A2 D0 EE 81 8D 0B CE 0F D4 20 9D

60 00 4F SE D4 8C D4 8D 60 8C 18 D4

10 8E FF 8E 8D 08 A9 03 A9 C2 8D 87 80 80

11 8D lA 0C A2 00 E8 E0 AC 0D 00 9D F8 60 AE 13 8D DC D0 21 C4 8D

08 AD D0 A9 8D 21 CE AF 30 8D 00 D0 A9 C4 9D 0B 15 D0 00 8D Al C9 Al EE 69 30

09 12 6E 05 00 BD E0 19 0F C9 0E 4C

37 03 C9 28 11 C9 AA 60

38 B0 9D 00 60 A2 E8 E0 8D 2E

11 20 CB 0D C9 lA E5 11 D4 A9 8D 14 A9 FF A2 12 A2 12 C9 66 0B A9

20 9D

12 80 A2 32 A2 12 A2 12 C9 73 0B A9 A2 0F 05 D4 04 D4

01 D4 04 04 A2 4F 0D 04 07 04

04 60 80 AE 80 85 11 A9 11 80 83 11 80 4B 90 79 07 00 E8 E0

02 0F AD DE AD AE

05 AD A9 02 F8 07 15 00 00 80 00 AO

13 AO F4 06

21 A9 8D FA AO 15 A9 C0 21 00 0F 90 C7 13 80 C7 A2 00 E8 E0 29 14 00 F5 0B F0 E5 13

CA E0 90 05 00 00 A0 00 F9 E9 04 C8 00 A9 20 00

12 20 88 11 EE 2E 00 E7 60 00 4F 80 04 A9 8D 0E A2 F8 AO A2 00 EE 65 8D 0B EE 0F D4 20 90 A2 F8 AO A2 00 EE

10 SO 8E 18 A2 10 A2 FF 60 80 60 A2 8E 0C 8C 0B

80 08 8C 08

13 8D

11 80 00 80

81 11 80 84 0C 80 0E 90 F5 A2 0 5 00 E8 E0 0F F0 13 18 AE 13 8D 21 A2 E6 49 01 F8 07 DF 0F AF 13 AD AF 02 8D 07 A2 D0 49 8D FA 60 03 10 A9 AO 07 04 60 BD 19 10 00 90 BB AO 01 07 C9 AO 15

28 00 E6

E9 23 60 04 aA AB 20 72 0£ 18 AA 68

00 03 EF 20 90 7A F6 60 E3 FC 11 B2 20 Bl 5D

12 AO 18 20 FC IF A9 0F 11

13 04 03

11 8D 26 04 A9 00 20 90 09

12 80 05 A2 0A 6B A2 12 Bl A2 12 66 09 80 10 0B A9 70 20 9D 16 12 8D 06 A2 0F 79

12 04 E0 04 A2 50 8E 06 7F 8E 00 63

01 04 29 0F 8E 41 04 A2 69 04 A2 60 04 60 66 D4 60 0A AF 13 81 86 11 82 7F 11 09 80 82 F6 11 80 CA C7 13 E6 9F 0S 10 00 9D B9 F3 A2 14 0E 00 01 34 CE 0B 69 30 20 09 00 3E D0 A9 B9

20 9D 63 80 15 A6 A9 00 8A F0 34 EC 18 69 93

13 C9 3E

21 D0 FB £6 20 OF

04 80 99 07 A9 07 03 A5 IF 00 85 B2

13 18 61 00 20 98

14 9D 65 F5 A2 EO

05 E8 A4 DC 29 SO 07 F0 08 D0 09 80

13F9	:0I	80	15	00	4C	08	14	AO	00
1401	:15	00	09	05	8D	15	D0	20	OB
1409	:09	12	A2	00	BD	42	14	90	4B
1411	:6B	05	E8	E0	17	00	F5	60	A3
1419	:0O	0F	16	05	20	0A	0F	19	FE
1421	:13	14	09	03	0B	20	23	31	79
1429	:0C	05	06	14	20	06	0F	12	E3
1431	t20	31	20	0F	12	20	12	09	E8
1439	.07	08	14	20	06	0P	12	20	IC
1441	:32	17	05	00	03	0F	0D	05	10
1449	t20	01	02	0F	01	12	04	20	77
1451	:20	03	01	10	14	01	09	0E	30
1459	;A0	15	00	29	05	80	15	00	A3
1461	:20	09	12	A2	00	BD	BD	14	CE
1469	90	60	05	E8	E0	12	00	F5	01
1471	.A2	00	BD	OF	14	9D	BE	05	39
1479	eE8	E0	10	D0	F5	20	2F	12	FO
1481	:20	2F	12	20	2F	12	20	09	04
1489	:12	A2	00	BD	DF	14	9D	6B	35
1491	:05	E8	E0	15	00	F5	20	90	13
1499	0B	A0	81	A9	03	20	A3	12	2C
14A1	:A9	02	20	06	12	A9	00	8D	54
14A9	:F4	14	A2	0A	20	90	0B	EE	C2
14B1	^F4	14	AD	F4	14	09	IE	00	33
14B9	,F3	40	19	08	03	0F	0E	07	0A
1401	12	01	14	15	0C	01	14	09	90
14C9	0F	0E	13	21	21	21	0D	09	22
1401	El3	13	09	0F	0E	20	03	0F	60
1409^	^00	10	0C	05	14	05	14	08	43
14E1	'01	0E	03	20	19	0F	15	20	00
14E9	06	0F	12	20	10	0C	01	19	E8
14F1	09	0E	07	00	FF	00	FF	00	03
14F9^	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	20	42
1501'	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	2B
1509;	■00	FF	00	FF	00	02	00	FF	3B
1511-	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	3B
1519'	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	43
1521	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	4B
1529;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	53
1531;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	5B
1539;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	63
1541-	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	6B
1549:	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	73
1551;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	7B
1559;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	S3
1561:	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	8B
1569:	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	93
1571;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	9B
1579:	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	00	81
1581-	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	AB
1589;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	B3
1591.	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	BB
1599:	FF	00	FF	30	FF	00	FF	00	03
15A1;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	OB
15A9;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	03
15B1	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	OB
15B9:	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	E3
1501;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	EB
15C9;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	F3
1501	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FB
1509;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	04
15E1;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	0C
15E9:	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	14
15F1'	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	10
15F9;	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	22	46
1601-	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	2D
1609;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	35
1611;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	3D
1619;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	45
1621;	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	00	FF	40

1629:00 FF 00 FF 00 FF 00 FF 55 1631:00 FF 00 00 00 00 00 00 50

Bob Yu is working on a sequel to Space Trek, He lives in Lawrencevifle, New Jersey.

PUSH BUTTON 64

By Matthew D. Boardman Graphic environments such as GEOS are popular with users because they make ordinary computer tasks simple and fun to do. A menu-driven program is easy to learn, since there are no com- mands or complex keystrokes to remem- ber. The trouble, however, is that the eas- ier it Is for the person to use the program, the more difficult it is for the programmer to write. With GEOS, for example, pro- grammers have to use machine lan- guage and must acquaint themselves with the complex algorithms built into the GEOS system.

Push Button 64 lets any BASIC pro- grammer create complex menu-driven ap- plications for the 64 It uses machine lan- guage routines for speed, but you don't need to know any machine language to use the program. With Push Button 64. the most complex commands can be ac- cessed with a simple arrow on the screen controlled with a joystick.

Typing It In

Push Button 64 consists of two parts — the actual program and a demonstra- tion. The first is written In machine lan- guage. It must be entered using MLX, our machine language entry program. See 'Typing Aids" elsewhere in this sec- tion. When MLX prompts you for the starting and ending addresses, re- spond with the following values.

Starting adcfress: GOQO Ending address: C267

Be sure to save a copy of this program before exiting MLX. Use the filename Button64.ml so that the second pro- gram can load it properly. The second program is a BASIC demonstration that shows how to incorporate the rou- tines into your programs- To help you avoid typing errors, it should be en- tered with The Automatic Proofreader. Again, see "Typing Aids/' and remem- ber to save a copy of the program.

G-30 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

The Pointer

To see the demonstration, plug a joy- stick into port 2, Load the BASIC pro- grann and type RUN. The machine lan- guage code will be read from the disk and then an arrow wilf appear on- screen. Moving the joystick up. down, left, or right wilt make the arrow on- screen move accordingly. Pressing the fire button selects something on- screen. A clicking noise will confirm that the button was pressed.

The second line on the screen con- sists of four menus. To make the pro- gram shorter to type in, only the first two menus are functional. Maneuver the arrow onto the File menu and click the button. A sample menu pults down.

Pointing and clicking the button on one of these menu items activates an associated routine. Click anywhere else and the menu closes. Click on the Load menu item. A box appears in the center of your screen indicating the item you selected. This box is called a dialog box, since it confirm choices or gets information from the user. For dem- onstration purposes, the selections ac- tivate dialog boxes rather than perform actual tasks. Point and click on the Con- tinue box to go on.

The three buttons on the right of the screen activate dialog boxes that indi- cate which button you pressed. On the bottom of the screen is a slider. This is a graphical way for the user to input in- formation, in this example a number from 0 to 26. Point and click on the left or right triangle on either side of the slid- er to decrease or increase the number respectively. The red slider moves to the left or right, and the number on the right of the slider changes according- ly. If you point and click on an empty part of the slider, the red indicator moves to that position, and the number changes. To leave the program, click on the Files menu and select Quit.

Your Own Menus

The machine language program con- tains several routines that are ac- cessed through the following SYS calls and memory locations.

Activate Arrow (SYS 49152) This command causes an arrow to ap- pear on the screen. You can control it

by moving the joystick.

Deactivate Arrow (SYS 49633) This removes the arrow from the screen and deactivates the analysis pro- gram, but the following two commands can still be accessed.

Save Screen (SYS 49653) This saves the characters and colors on the screen to two special buffers. It Is included in order to make the pop- up menus easier to manipulate.

Load Screen (SYS 49709) This retrieves the characters and col- ors from the buffers and restores the screen as it was when the screen was saved. The technique for using these two commands is explained below.

Flag (iocation 49572) This is a variable which alfows your BA- SIC program to tell the machine lan- guage routine whether or not it is ac- cepting button presses. If the location contains a 1 , then the computer will ig- nore all button presses. If you poke a 0 into the location, this tells the ma- chine language routine to process but- ton presses normally.

Xchar (49571)

This is the x coordinate of the screen character in which the arrow was pre- sent when the button was last pressed, a number from 0 to 39.

Ychar (49570)

This is the corresponding /coordinate of the screen character, from 0 to 24, These two locations help to determine which object the user is pointing to.

Xdot (49568)

This is the actual x coordinate of the ar- row in pixels. This is useful if you need more accuracy than just a character co- ordinate or if you are working in high- resolution mode.

High (49569)

This is the most significant byte of the sprite's x coordinate; see the 64's us- er's manual for a more detailed explana- tion of sprite coordinates. The location either contains a 0 or a 1 , regardless of the positions of all other sprites. It makes Xdot a 16-bit number.

Ydot (49567)

This is the corresponding y coordinate

of the sprite.

How It Works

When the machine language routine is activated (SYS 49152), it puts two sprites on the screen to create the ar- row. The first sprite is a white arrow, and the second is a black outline direct- ly underneath. These two colors allow the sprite to show up on all back- ground colors. The actual coordinates used when the user clicks the button are those of the tip of the white part of the arrow.

The activation routine also sets up a machine language interrupt that calls the routine to miove the arrow sprite with the joystick. The deactivation rou- tine turns off this interrupt and the sprite. You can turn the arrow on and off as often as you need with succes- sive calls of the activation and deacti- vation routines.

When the routine detects a press of the button, it stores the current sprite coordinates in Xdot, Ydot, and High. It then converts these coordinates into character coordinates and stores them in Xchar and Ychar. A 1 is then placed in Flag so that no more clicks will be processed until the BASIC pro- gram has determined what to do. The BASIC programi must poke a 0 into Flag in order for the machine language routine to analyze more coordinates.

The Demo Program

You don't have to know all of this to use the routines, however. The BASIC demonstration shows how to use them in terms of menu manipulation, The pro- gram has numerous comments in the form of REM statements that show the operation of the program, which you can take note of as you type it in. The program's plan of attack is as follows.

1. Load in the machine language rou- tines and run the activation sequence (SYS 49152).

2. Draw the screen, showing all but- tons, menus, and sliders. Save the screen to the buffers (SYS 49653).

3. Wait until Flag contains a 1.

4. Determine if the Xchar and Ychar coordinates show a point that the pro- gram recognizes and jump to the ap-

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-31

PROGRAMS

propriate subroutine if so. If not. type POKE FLAG,0 and repeat step 4. 5. When the routine has finished, load the old screen back in from the buffers (SYS 49709) and continue with step 3.

Exannine the routines in the BASIC demo to get ideas for your own pro- grams, or modify this one to suit your needs. The machine language routines will not interfere with BASIC programs.

The demonstration program con- tains other routines that may be useful. One is for drawing dialog boxes. You can include those routines in your own programs to make your programming easier. For example, step 3 is actually a subroutine (lines 1570-1630) that puts Xchar into variable X and Ychar in- to variable Y The dialog box is drawn by another routine (lines 1500-1550).

Since the routine that moves the ar- row works in the background, you can type in BASIC programs while the ar- row is onscreen. If you position the ar- row and then peek the Xchar and Ychar coordinates, you can position the buttons onscreen more easily.

You are not limited to BASIC, howev- er. Since the machine language rou- tines are called by the SYS command, machine language programmers can call the routines with a JSR command. Feel free to experiment.

PUSH BUTTON 64

C000 C008 C010 C018 C020 C028 C030 C038 C040 C048 C050 C058

C068 C070 C078 C080 C088 C090 C098 C0A0 C0A8 C0B0 C0B8 C0C0 C0C8 C0D0

78 15 14 C0 07 8D 8D A9 00 02 00 F8 30 BD 23 8D CI 00 00 17 00 00 80 14 00 00 C9

AD 14 03 8D 03 A9 8D F8 A9 03 A4 CI 10 D0 00 8D D0 8D D0 8D 9D 00 A2 00 E8 E0 A3 C0 D0 F5 9F CI 8D A2 60 00 00 3C 0 0 00 00 80 4C 00 00 21 40 00 00 A0

00 EA

01 F0

03 8D C9 C0 C0 8D 07 A9 8D 15 AD 10 A9 01 28 D0 01 D0 03 D0 30 E8 BD 86 ID D0 9D 40 A9 00 8D Al CI 58 00 78 00 00 0 3 80 C0 00 00 4 3 00 00 0A 20 00 00 AD 00 10 AD

C8 C0 A9 CA 15 03 Cl 8D D0 A9 D0 29 8D 27 A9 65 A9 64 A2 00 E0 81 C0 9D F5 A2 30 E8 8D A0 Cl 80 60 80 00 00 IE 00 00 01 00 B0 00 00 10 80

00 01 40 00 DC 29

01 D0

AD 9A 8D F2 A9 0E F9 5 6 00 08 7C 3F D0 8E 8D 48 8D 3B A9 9B D0 DA 00 4D 00 C5 E0 19 Cl 4A A3 8C 00 FB 3E 24 00 12 C0 9C 00 9F 20 77 00 D7 10 08

00 57

01 49 C9 7 3

C0D8 C0E0 C0E8 C0F0 C0F8 C100 C108 C110 Cil8 C120 C128 C130 C138 C140 C148 C150 C158 C160 C168 C170 C178 C180 C188 C190 C198 C1A0 C1A8 C1B0 C1B8 C1C0 C1C8 C1D0 C1D8 C1E0 C1E8 C1F0 ClFS C200 C208 C210 C218 C220 C228 C230 C238 C240 C243 C250 C258 C260

33 B0 D0 CE

0 2 09 C9 F9

01 D0 29 04 D0 29

0 2 D0 Cl AD D0 29 D0 AD D0 29 D0 AD F0 2D

01 D0 90 03 D0 08 10 00 10 D0 00 DC 4C 7E Cl C9 A4 Cl AD 00 D0 8D 00 00 E9 32 AD Al 15 A9 Cl 69 8D A3 8D Al 4A 4A Cl 78 AD C9 FC 8D 00 04 9D 65 C3 BD 00 06 9D 65 C5 BD E0 00 65 G2 9D 00 05 BD 65 C4 9D 00 07 BD E0 00

03 4C 03 D0 02 F0 90 03 EE 03 C9 04 02 C9 C9 18 00 D0 7E 3D

02 D0

7D ao

00 DC AD 10 0A AD 4C 6F AD 10 EE 02 09 02 29 10 Cl 6C 90 D0 AD 01 D0 8D Al Cl

00 00 4A 4A Cl 29

01 8D

03 4A Cl 4C Cl AD 4A 8D AD C8 C0 8D 15 D0 9D 65 C6 BD 00 D9 9D 65 C8 BD 00 DB D0 CB 9D 00 D8 BD 65 C7 9D 00 DA BD 65 C9 D0 CB

E4 C0 AD 00 10 AD 4C FD D0 AD F0 3 3 02 F0 B0 03 D0 08 10 D0 D0 08 10 D0 29 08 D0 29 00 D0 Cl EE D0 09 D0 D0 8D 10 C9 10 C8 C0 F6 A9 D0 8D A0 Cl 4C A5

00 AD 4A 8D

01 C9 Al Cl 4A 4A 7B Cl A0 Cl A3 Cl C0 8D 15 03 60 A2 C2 BD 00 05 9D 65 C4 BD 00 07 9D 65 60 A2 04 BD 65 C3 9D 00 06 BD 65 C5 9D 00 60 A3

CE 01 0E DC 29 3C 01 D0 37 C0 EE E2

00 DC 57 AD 10 52 0A AD B0 4C 39 E6 AD 10 07 CE 00 60 AD 10 DE CE 02 52 C9 08 62

01 C9 35 C9 57 CA

00 D0 F7

01 8D 37 08 AD A5 D0 AD 65 F0 03 C4 AD A4 0A 01 8D 52 9F Cl 52 AD 10 55 Cl 00 B4 9F Cl DB A2 Cl 2B 01 D0 40 AD A0 3A 69 IC EE A9 00 2F E9 17 8D 4C 7B 6E 14 03 0D 58 A9 B5 00 BD 51 00 D8 6D 9D 65 17 C7 BD 4C 00 DA 19 9D 65 77 C9 E8 B4 00 BD 40 65 C6 75 9D 00 F8 D9 BD 3F 65 C8 20 9D 00 59 DB E8 A7 00 00 BE

BUTTON DEfflO

PK 5 REM COPYRIGHT 1993 - COMP DTE PUBLICATIONS XNTL LTD - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

DR 10 REM LOAD AND RUN PROGRAM

AB 20 IF X=0 THEN X=1:L0AD"BUT TON64.ML'\8,l

MM 30 SYS 49152:P0KE 53280, 0:P OKE 53281,15

HF 40 REM SETUP SCREEN AND MEN US

HJ 50 PRINTCHR${14)"{CLR}{RVS} { BLU 1 MENU {SHI FT -S PACE iTE MPLATET27 SPACES}"?

CG 60 PRINT" {WHT) {RVS}FILE

{3 SPACES}<M}LAYOUT {M>T 00LS{2 SPACEST<M>OPTIONS {9 SPACES} {OFF}";

CJ 70 PRINT" {DOWN} {5 SPACES}

{BLK}T{DOWN} {LEFT}'

{DOWN} {3 LEFT} {WHtTCLICK

ON THESE TO TEST MENUS, rt

SS 80 PRINT" {2 DOWN} CLICK ON T HESE":PRINT"TO TEST BUTT ONS {BLK}**>" OF 90 PRINTTAB(21) "{2 UP} {CYN}

<A}***********<S>" KJ 100 PRINTTAB (21) "{CYN}'

{BLK}{RVS}<@>{WHT}TOFF} BUTTON #1{CYN}^" EG 110 PRINTTAB{21) "{CYN}-

{BLK}{RVS}<@>{WHT}rOFF} BUTTON #2{CYN}^" DF 120 PRINTTAB(21) "{CYN}-

{BLK}{RVS}<@>{WHT}TOFF} BUTTON #3{CYN}^" SX 130 PRINTTAB(21}"{CYN}<Z>**

CS 140 PRINT" {3 DOWN}

{2 SPACES} {CYN}iA>***** ***********************

KD 150

HS}"

PRINT" {2 SPACES} {CYN}- {SPACE} {ELK} {RVS}<{OFF} { WHT }***************

{red}+{wht}*********** { B L K } Trvs } >TofFPTwhtTi

5{CYN}-"

PRINT"T2 SPACES} {CYN}

/2>************** ******

***'**********^XHBLK}"

PRINT" {DOWN} {4 RIGHT}]

{ DOWN } { LEFT } ' { DOWN }

{LEFT}-{D0WNT{3 LEFT}

{WHT} CLICK ON THIS TO T

EST SLIDER."

SL=15

SYS 49653 : REM SAVE SC

REEN TO BUFFER

GOSUB 1570 : REM GET A

{SPACE} POINT

REM TEST FOR KNOWN POIN

TS

IF YOl THEN 270

IF X<8 THEN 320:REM FIL

ES

IF X>7 AND X<16 THEN 84

0:REM LAYOUT

IF X>15 AND X<24 THEN 9

90:REM TOOLS

IF X>23 THEN 1070:REM 0

PTIONS

IF X=22 AND Y=9 THEN 11

50:REM Bl

IF X=22 AND Y=10 THEN 1

230;REM B2

IF X=22 AND Y=ll THEN 1

310; REM B3

IF Y=17 THEN 1390 : REM SLIDER CJ 310 GOTO 190 AG 320 REM FILE MENU WAS CHOSE

N MS 330 PRINT" {HOME} {2 DOWN}

MM 160

CP 170

DB 180 HM 190

SP 200

AP 210

QE 220 HH 230

BB 240

KJ 250

SR 260

AM 270

PK 280

EG 290

KK 300

G-32 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

SH 340

JE	350
FA	360
DB	370
FP	380
QF	390
BJ	400
EF	410
CE	420
MM	430
KK	440
DB	450
JF	460
QS	470
QK	480
AK	490
XO	500
MR	510
QF	520
KB	530
FE	540
QF	550
BR	560
AG	570
XA	580
JJ	590
PR	600
GR	610
PB	620
DB	630
BC	640
SE	650

{RIGHT} (WHT) {RVSlLOAD

{4 SPACES} {DOWN}

{8 LEFT} SAVE {4 SPACES}

{BLK} {WHT}{DOWN}

{9 LEFT}";

PRINT "NEW {5 SPACES}

{BLK} TwHT}{DOWN}

{9 LEFT}DIR{5 SPACES}

{BLK} {WHT}{DOWN}

{9 LEFT}";

PRINT"QUIT{4 SPACES}

{BLK} TwHTHDOWN}

{9 LEFT}";

PRINT"{BLK}{RIGHT}

{8 SPACES} {OFF}{WHT}"

GOSUB 1570

IF X<1 OR X>8 THEN 440

IF Y=2 THEN 450 : REM L

OAD ROUTINE

IF Y=3 THEN 520 : REM S

AVE ROUTINE

IF Y=4 THEN 590 : REM N

EW ROUTINE

IF Y=5 THEN 660 : REM D

IR ROUTINE

IF Y=6 THEN 730 t REM Q

UIT ROUTINE

SYS 49709 : GOTO 190

GOSUB 1500

PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN}

{12 RIGHT} {RVS}{WHT}YOU

PRESSED THE" PRINT" {11 BIGHT) {RVS}LO AD ROUTINE." 'PRINT" {2 DOWN} {19 RIGHT} {BLK} {RVS} CO NT I HUE " GOSUB 1570

IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>2 8 THEN 4 90 X'Q

SYS 49709:GOTO 190 GOSUB 1500

PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN} {12 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT} YOU

PRESSED THE" PRINT"{11 RIGHT}{RVS}SA VE ROUTINE, " PRINT" (2 DOWN} {19 RIGHT}{BLK}{RVS} CO NTINUE " GOSUB 1570

IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>2 8 THEN 490 SYS 49709:GOTO 190 GOSUB 1500 PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN} {12 RIGHT) {RVS} {WHT} YOU

PRESSED THE" PRINT"{11 RIGHT) {RVS)NE W ROUTINE." PRINT" {2 DOWN} {19 RIGHT} {BLK} {RVS) CO NTINUE " GOSUB 1570

IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>2 8 THEN 490 SYS 49709:GOTO 190

KQ	660
XJ	670
PG	680
HS	690
CF	700
GS	710
BX	720
PA	7 30
SF	740
KA	750
PE	760
CX	770
CP	780
AS	790
PP	800
KD	810
JM	820
XK	830
SE	840
XF	850

GOSUB 1500 PRINT"{HOME) {7 DOWN} {12 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT}YOU

PRESSED THE" PRINT" {11 RIGHT} {RVS}DI R ROUTINE." PRINT" {2 DOWN} {19 RIGHT} {BLK} {RVS} CO NTINUE " GOSUB 1570

IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>2 8 THEN 490 SYS 49709:GOTO 190 GOSUB 1500 PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN} {11 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT} ARE

YOU SURE YOU" PRINT" {11 RIGHT} {RVS}WA NT TO QUIT THE" PRINT" {11 RIGHT) {RVS}PR OGRAM?"

PRINT" {DOWN} {11 RIGHT} {BLK} {RVS} YES (9 RIGHT} NO " GOSUB 1570 IF YOll THEN 780 IF X>10 AND X<16 THEN 8 30

IF X>24 AND X<29 THEN S YS49709:GOTO 190 GOTO 780

SYS 49633:POKE 53280,14 :POKE 53281, 6:PRINT" {CLR}<7>"CHR$(142) ;:END REM LAYOUT MENU PRINT"{H0ME}{2 DOWN) {9 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT} LAYO UT 1 {DOWN} {8 LEFT} LA YOU T 2 {BLK} {WHT) {DOWN} {9 LEFT}LAYOUT 3{BLK} "

CX 860 PRINT"{WHT} {DOWN}

{9 LEPT}LAyOUT 4{BLK} {WHT} {DOWN} {9 LEFT}LAYO UT 5{BLK} {WHT} {DOWN} {9 LEFT} LAYOUT 6 {BLK} "

JM 870 PRINT" {WHT} {DOWN}

{9 LEFT}LAYOUT 7{BLK} {WHT) (DOWN} {9 LEFT} LAYO UT 8 {BLK} {DOWN} {8 LEFT} {8 SPACES}"

MB 880 GOSUB 1570

3S 890 IF X<9 OR X>16 THEN 980

GH 900 IF y<2 OR Y>9 THEN 980

JX 910 L^Y-l

KQ 920 GOSUB 1500

GG 930 PRINT"(H0ME){7 DOWN}

{11 RIGHT} {RVS} { WHT }LAY OUT #"L

MQ 940 PRINT"{RVS}{11 RIGHT}WA S SELECTED."

HX 950 PRINT" {2 DOWN)

{19 RIGHT} {BLK} {RVS} CO NTINUE "

XE 960 GOSUB 1570

MM 970 IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>2

8 THEN 960 AS 980 SYS 49709:GOTO 190 XR 990 REM TOOLS MENU XD 1000 GOSUB 1500 MS 1010 PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN)

{11 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT}TH E TOOLS MENU" PH 1020 PRINT" {RVS} {11 RIGHT}W

AS SELECTED." CF 1030 PRINT"{2 DOWN)

{19 RIGHT} (BLK) {RVS} C 0 NTINUE " HP 1040 GOSUB 1570 XQ 1050 IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>

28 THEN 960 CQ 1060 SYS 49709:GOTO 190 SG 1070 REM OPTIONS MENU HK 1080 GOSUB 1500 MJ 1090 PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN}

{11 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT}TH E OPTIONS MENU" EM 1100 PRINT"{RVS}{11 RIGHT)W

AS SELECTED." GA 1110 PRINT" {2 DOWN}

{19 RIGHT}{BLK}{RVS} C 0 NTINUE " DS 1120 GOSUB 1570 QH 1130 IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>

28 THEN 960 KH 1140 SYS 49709:GOTO 190 DB 1150 REM BUTTON #1 WAS PRES

SED DQ 1160 GOSUB 1500 KD 1170 PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN}

{11 RIGHT} {RVS}{WHT}YO U PRESSED" CX 1180 PRINT"{RVS} {11 RIGHT}B

UTTON #1." SK 1190 PRINT" {2 DOWN}

{19 RIGHT} {BLK}{RVS} C 0 NTINUE " QF 1200 GOSUB 1570 AD 1210 IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>

28 THEN 960 FP 1220 SYS 49709:GOTO 190 QM 1230 REM BUTTON #2 WAS PRES

SED QD 1240 GOSUB 1500 QJ 1250 PRINT"{H0ME}{7 DOWN}

{11 RIGHT) {RVS} {WHT }yO U PRESSED" XJ 1260 PRINT"{RVS){11 RIGHT)B

UTTON #2." BF 1270 PRINT" {2 DOWN}

{19 RIGHT} {BLK} {RVS) C 0 NTINUE " EP 1280 GOSUB 1570 JQ 1290 IF YOll OR X<19 OR X>

28 THEN 960 BS 1300 SYS 49709:GOTO 190 ME 1310 REM BUTTON #3 WAS PRES

SED JG 1320 GOSUB 1500 AF 1330 PRINT" {HOME} {7 DOWN)

{11 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT )Y0 U PRESSED" DC 1340 PRINT"{RVS){il RIGHT}B

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE 0-33

PROGRAMS

FA	1350
AS	1360
RH	1370
JH	1380
QC	1390
FX	1400
JA	1410
EC	1420
KQ	1430
QJ	1440
MR	1450
DA	1460
HF	1470
JQ	1480
SX	1490
AB	1500
BA	1510
GP	1520
QE	1530
CM	1540
ED	1550
CG	1560

UTTON #3." PRINT" f 2 DOWN} {19 RIGHT}{BLKl(RVS} C OMTINUE " GOSUB 1570

IF YOll OR X<19 OR X> 28 THEN 960 SYS 49709;GOTO 190 REM SLIDER GOSUB1450

IF X=4 AND SL>0 THEN G OSUB 1460:SL=SL-1:GOSU B1470:GOTO 1480 IF X=32 AND SL<26 THEN GOSUB 1460:SL=SL+1:GO SOB1470:GOTO 1480 IF X>4 AND X<32 THEN G OSUB14 60:SL=X-5:GOSUB1 470:GOTO1480 GOTO 190

PRINT" {HOME} {17 DOWN} {3 RIGHT}"; : RETURN GOSUB1450:FORT=0TO SL+ 1: PRINT" {RIGHT}"; :NEXT : PRINT" {WHT}^"; : RETURN GOSUB1450:FORT=0TO SL+ 1: PRINT" {RIGHT}"; :NEXT : PR I NT " { RED } + " ; : RETURN GOSUB14 50: PRINT" {DOWN) {10 LEFT} {WHT}"; : IF SL >9 THEN PRINTSL"{LEFT} {CYN}^":GOTO 190 PRINT" "SL"{LEFT}{CYN} -":GOTO 190 REM DRAW DIALOG BOX SYS 49709 : REM LOAD S GREEN

PRINT"{HOME} {6 DOWN} {10 RIGHT} {RVS} {WHT} {20 SPACES}" FOR T = l TO 6: PR I NT" {10 RIGHT} {RVS} {20 SPACES} {BLK} {WHT} ":NEXT

PRINT"{11 RIGHT} {RVS} {BLK} {20 SPACES}" RETURN REM ~- '--

EZ-LOADER

QP 1570 REM GET A SCREEN COORD

FROM ML KF 1580 POKE 49572,0 PP 1590 IF PEEK (49572) =0 THEN

{SPACE}1590 SJ 1600 X=PEEK(49571) :Y=PEEK(4

9570) RX 1610 POKE 54296,15:POKE 542

96,0 ME 1620 IF PEEK(56320)<>127 TH

EN 1620 JH 1630 RETURN

Matthew D. Boardman is an electrical engineering student at Technical Univer- sity of Nova Scotia. He lives in Chester Basin, Nova Scotia, Canada,

G-34 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

By Joe Votour

Finding files on disks can be quite a chore. Just ask anybody who has more than a couple of disks on hand. It's espe- cially true if youYe a programmer. Once you find the disk you're looking for. you'll then probably have to search through the directory about five times before you final- ly hit on the right file.

A menu program is especially helpful for finding your frequently used pro- grams. This is where E2-Loader comes in. EZ-Loader is a menu program for the 64 that will read a disk directory and let you select a file using the cursor keys and the Return key. It'll also do more- Typing It In

EZ-Loader is written entirely in ma- chine language. To enter it, use MLX, our machine language entry program. See "Typing Aids" elsewhere in this sec- tion. When MLX prompts, respond with the following.

Starting address: 0801 Ending address: 1380

Be sure to save a copy of the program before you exit fvlLX.

Drive Compatibility

EZ-Loader will work with any 1541, 1571, or 1581 drive. In fact, it'll work with any combination of drives (device numbers 8-99, drive number 0 only) that support Commodore's DOS com- mands U1 and B-R A 1581 drive has tv/o limitations, however. EZ-Loader sup- ports partitions, but it locates only the first 255 files in the main directory or par- tition. Also, the disk ID will be read in- correctly since EZ-Loader checks track 18, sector G, the track and sector used for a 1541/1571 ID code.

Using EZ4ooder

Although EZ-Loader is written in ma- chine language, it loads and runs Irke a BASIC program. The title screen is dis- played as the directory of the current drive is loaded. Note that the directory loaded is the one of the disk drive from which EZ-Loader v/as loaded.

On the main screen, a blue bar indi- cates the current file to be selected. To move the bar, use the cursor keys to '

move up and down the directory list- ing. To load the highlighted file, press the Return key

The function keys are defined for spe- cial purposes. Rress f1 to see a direc- tory in the usual format. It's like using the LOAD "$".8 command, with the pro- gram type and block size listed. Press any key and EZ-Loader vAll return to its title screen and reload that directory.

Press f3 to change disks in the cur- rent drive. You will then be returned to the title screen, and EZ-Loader will read the directory as usual.

Press f5 to enter a DOS command to the current drive. Any standard DOS command can be issued. This will al- low 1581 users to change partitions by simply typing /OiPARTITICN NAME. Al- so, EZ-Loader offers a new DOS com- mand, ^aa, where aa is a two-digit drive number such as 09 or 10. The number must be a two-digit number; otherwise, EZ-Loader will lock up while trying to read the number

Press fB to boot the first file on any drive. You will be asked which device to boot from (8-^11 only). To change the device number, use the cursor keys. Then the program will load and run from the device you selected.

Additionol Notes

EZ-Loader will convert to question marks any control characters that ap- pear in a filename. These include any non-ASCII values, color codes, and so on. For example, if you have a Koala Paint file called A, it will appear in the directory listing as ?PIC A If you have files that have the same filename ex- cept for a control character. EZ-Load- er may get confused. Not too many pro- grams use filenames such as these, however.

EZ-Loader can load only BASIC pro- grams or machine language programs that start with a SYS statement. This is because the program is loaded using the ,n extension, where n is the device number of the drive. A RUN command is executed from the keyboard buffer.

EZ-LOADER

0801 :0B 08 90 06 9E 32 30 34 5D

0809:39 00 A0 00 78 E6 01 B9 E4

0811:C9 12 99 40 03 C8 D0 F7 96

0819:4C 40 03 98 FB 91 PD 93 FE

0821:82 E6 FE 17 02 D8 D0 EF 82

0829:

0831:

0839:

0841:

0849:

0851:

0859:

0861:

0869:

0871:

0879:

0881:

0889:

0891:

0999:

08A1:

08A9:

08B1:

08B9:

08C1:

08C9:

08D1:

08D9:

08E1:

08E9:

08F1:

08F9:

0901;

090 9:

0911:

0919:

0921:

0929:

0931:

0939:

0941:

0949:

0951:

0959:

0961;

0969:

0971:

0 97 9

0981

0989

0991

0999

09A1

09A9

09B1

09B9

09C1

09C9

09D1

09D9

09E1

09E9

09F1

09F9

0A01

0A09

0A11

0A19

0A21

0A29

0A31

0A39

0A41

0A49

0A51

A9 00 00 25 66 0A 22 9F 87 DA F0 36 3C 06 07 42 AC 56 10 0D FC F9 EC :Bl :E6 :E7 :07 :0F :C8 :F5 :D0 : 5C :C0 :6C :69 :C3 :23 :CF :9D :0A :20 :D0 :20 :00 :9A :3F :C0 :FC :FD ;B0 :A2 :6F :F0 ;7E :ED :30 :08 ;ED :ED :A0 :53 :34 ■ED :50 :F0 :70 :20 :1A :4C :A0

37 16

17 14 E8 D0 09 20 BC C2 0C 20 0C C9 72 35 17 76 37 C9 F6 36 64 70 0C CB B0 03

20 83 61

19 8D 22 06 FC A9 E6 FC 60 85 02 C0 02 00 02 A6 Fl FE

20 BD F4 43 AC CC 22 EE 29 0A 91 FC 4C 8F

01 80 DC CC lA 96 51 6 A E8 C9 8A 96 C6 FF

02 8A F7 09 28 60 67 27 ^C 20 DA 86 26 FD 8E EB 5F 8A B0 32 AE C3 06 20 6B 86 4A 21 7B D8 9C E2 A9 EF 60 07 11 3A A4 05

01 58

20 B9

21 49 B7 20 4A A9

62 20 E4 FF 86 03 0D C9 E0 11 0D D0

63 CO C3 CE 4C 86 29 49 0C E9 4 8 DF

21 41 18 D0

8 5 FB A9 20 A5 FC

02 84 A7 0B Fi E6 BA 27 A9 06 B2 15 9D EO

09 A5 4E 91

08 9A C8 98

09 AD lA 0F 39 5D lA EC FD 09

22 F0 EA E6 60 18 60 38 68 6A A0 A& 99 A7 0A 4B FC 18 A5 FO 85 90 F2 3B 6C F7 B9 78 DO ED 09 80 20 13 CF F5 Al 19 20 B9 EE 50 6F A6 20 65

C0 08 0F

B3 B4

10 75 05 00 4C 30 0F E0 55 0B 12 Al

70 F5 F5 40 E9 4C 0 3 A5 00 00 9F 4F C9 13

8E 16 42 24 FF 90 16 D9 DA 0A F5 El C9 85 6A 21 8C 00 IF C9 D5 4C 8F 90 F7 DB 08 92 38 E9 B6 07 8D 3F 06 E4 A9 B4 A9 A2 91 FB C9 39 29 4D 20 02 03 D0 89 BA A2 IF C0 3F F3 47 FE 4 3 C9 FF CA 64 DD B9 20 B5 A9 38 6E A2 00 F4 B0 0E 18 20 FE A2 AA A5 60 98 FE BE DO 2F 02 9A CI FD E7 20 69 29 14 64 A9 23 EA 9C 2B FA C8 D0 62 20 EE 99 20 EF A5 EC ED 20 20 86 BA 16 0B 2A 96 6F 09 CF 09 27 AF 9E 40 BA F4 53 05 65 83 A9 80 50

76 3C BD A7 00 29 15 D8 88 CC E5 96 59 5B B0 9A 83 F6 91 BB F7 48 06 3B 00 22 62 CI E0 2C 3E 39 34 2E 36 2B 61 43 74 3A 74 IB EE 03 81 2E FF 5C 74 80 FF CB A0 IE

09 B8

10 DC 20 50 0B 90 C4 FA 86 62 18 B4 EB 0F 02 85 20 9C 33 27 14 0C 01 16 90 8A 48 80 9D AB 09 C7 4C 08 AE 07 06 0A 85 43 FF Dl 04 3F 3A 35 00 Bl F3 DF C7 5D A6 C9 89 9C 0C E2 FE 2A 6C 81 A6 DA CF 28 18 40 CA E8 0F 94 E5 AB 22 72 AE 0A B9 61 F2 03 CD 2E

0A59:	F2	EE	00	OC	BE	74	72	IB	5B	0C89:	C5	A9	08	85	BA	4C	lA	0E	91
0A61:	80	11	12	E9	6F	19	A9	82	17	0C91:	4A	BE	15	A9	A0	31	24	59	27
0A69:	63	E2	0B	74	E2	60	2E	19	9E	0C99:	IC	8A	B3	A6	BA	A9	00	20	DF
0A71:	94	93	63	A9	C8	8D	16	94	F8	0CA1:	CD	BD	54	16	25	31	36	4A	A0
0A79:	06	F6	19	A0	5D	88	00	8C	B6	0CA9:	7F	20	7A	0C	20	A3	FD	20	45
0A81:	46	0E	60	A2	D7	E8	85	E3	C3	0CB1:	18	E5	AD	B2	DD	18	03	AD	33
0A89:	00	E4	84	C9	93	28	27	C5	55	0CB9:	B3	0F	8D	19	03	20	29	0A	A7
0A9L:	50	08	BD	91	69	9D	78	08	60	0CC1:	A9	4C	A0	15	20	4E	09	AE	22
0A99:	F3	28	00	E3	60	06	0B	AD	51	0CC9:	IB	0F	CA	64	7E	45	A0	00	ID
0AA1:	IE	59	8D	12	00	4C	31	EA	F2	0CD1:	Bl	FC	45	17	C8	98	DD	00	80
0AA9:	EE	CE	2E	60	C9	02	00	IB	C7	0CD9:	28	00	F4	A9	22	B6	04	2C	93
0AB1:	02	90	IC	7C	35	48	A2	00	AE	0CE1:	40	10	A3	D2	FF	A9	13	8D	A0
0AB9:	BD	83	0F	26	36	E8	E0	30	19	0CE9:	77	Bl	23	78	lA	52	80	79	C4
0AC1:	00	F5	68	CA	9D	82	61	IB	4A	0CFI:	99	55	8D	7A	C8	44	4E	3D	07
0AC9:	30	36	OC	01	8D	C5	Bl	02	18	0CF9:	7B	26	0D	8D	7C	02	A9	06	19
0AD1:	96	80	F2	A9	A2	09	A0	lA	22	0D01:	85	C6	4C	74	A4	B2	3B	B5	7C
0AD9:	18	20	F0	59	83	20	8D	82	07	0D09:	24	30	3 A	2A	3D	50	00	92	E8
0AEI:	53	83	05	8D	84	05	AD	IE	AB	0D11:	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	23
0AE9:	0F	AE	ID	0F	EC	4E	60	AD	D4	0D19:	08	09	0A	EC	3B	0D	0E	0F	C2
0AF1:	IB	26	27	07	B0	46	0A	8 0	A5	0021:	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	33
0AF9:	ED	92	5E	A9	CA	8D	26	0F	F7	0D29:	18	19	lA	IB	IC	ID	IE	IF	3B
0B01:	50	4D	29	0A	19	27	82	A9	6C	0031:	80	81	82	83	84	85	36	87	43
0B09:	0B	85	06	2E	25	A9	0C	85	31	0D39:	88	89	8A	8B	8C	8D	8E	8F	4B
0B11:	D3	2B	2A	Bl	FC	32	96	4F	69	0D41:	90	91	92	93	94	95	96	97	53
0B19;	C0	10	D0	F6	4C	50	0C	A5	B2	0D49-	98	99	9A	9B	9C	9D	9E	9F	5B
0B21:	FC	18	69	10	85	FC	A5	FD	53	0D51:	Bl	85	2F	40	2A	55	31	C9	62
0B29:	69	F4	E5	FO	FD	94	EE	B5	A3	00 59	30	B0	38	20	30	00	42	20	F3
0B31:	AO	25	0F	C9	08	D0	Dl	60	60	0061	50	3A	32	20	31	36	32	00	41
0B39:	73	B8	05	80	lA	IC	59	31	58 1	0069	0B	0C	73	BE	AE	CE	0F	0C	41
0B41:	80	14	03	A9	EA	8D	15	03	D8	0D7I	0B	E6	06	0E	02	BE	01	7E	F7
0B49:	58	20	A3	FD	20	18	E5	E7	FC	0D79	0E	06	8A	0B	02	0A	07	0F	73
0B51:	IB	8D	20	D0	8D	21	00	A9	A5	0D81	01	0F	07	0A	02	DB	86	00	FA
0B59	19	8D	18	D0	60	B9	17	28	AF	0089	03	07	01	07	03	0D	05	B4	82
0B61	20	ED	B2	90	A2	08	8C	95	46	0091	00	00	05	08	93	11	05	B8	12
0B69	BA	79	02	A 2	9B	E4	E4	BO	90	0099	.52	EF	C9	FB	0C	B3	60	48	0A
0B71	C8	C0	FF	4B	64	03	B4	11	BD	0DA1	:B2	5C	4A	40	81	09	C9	B0	ED
0B79	85	FB	24	86	05	FB	F0	35	60	0DA9	:C0	38	6D	92	93	2A	24	E2	79
0B81	A9	0D	81	25	AD	63	OB	01	E5	0OB1	:D0	IC	BC	CC	99	86	D5	C4	F6
0B89	4C	Bl	36	14	03	F0	IF	A2	F6	0OB9	:0E	21	EA	0C	93	B3	3C	AB	00
0B91	24	2A	C6	76	87	AA	56	20	38	0OC1	:C0	20	AB	B2	8C	AA	47	CE	51
0B99	CO	BD	A9	20	A8	07	00	F0	8F	0OC9	:C0	41	CA	A9	2C	10	32	0C	9A
0BA1	C5	82	72	4C	FF	CI	01	20	77	0DD1	:A1	C9	FB	59	A6	72	0C	82	DD
0BA9	.C3	D6	F4	CC	F8	FA	79	IF	88	0DD9	:2I	41	00	82	79	CB	FE	A0	96
0BB1	tD2	F0	FB	70	94	90	3D	2A	B3	0DE1	;CB	87	Bl	57	C4	DD	CA	10	B2
0BB9	:5B	CI	EI	4C	F0	A0	14	29	4A	0DE9	:30	CB	11	99	BF	2C	2B	A6	76
0BC1	:A2	93	19	CF	BE	28	F0	06	AC	0OF1	:E1	39	58	69	0D	9E	10	C8	B8
0BC9	:9D	C9	E8	00	F3	8E	A4	6B	09	0DF9	:24	D6	4D	45	44	D2	2B	00	AA
0BD1	:A0	0F	C9	23	F0	7A	C9	00	F2	0E01	:96	39	14	50	59	81	B8	47	07
0BD9	:3B	ED	4C	07	0E	9B	85	85	9A	0E09	:48	54	20	28	43	29	20	31	15
0BE1	:90	A3	58	70	08	62	DD	EO	AE	0E11	:39	39	EF	02	43	4F	4D	9D	C5
0BE9	:48	10	03	86	09	40	6F	20	60	0E19	:54	45	21	C9	44	55	42	4C	B9
0BF1	:C7	ED	96	BA	20	13	EE	99	AA	0E21	:9B	62	4C	54	44	93	II	9C	Al
0BF9	:A5	6B	A5	90	29	40	00	03	6A	0E29	:2D	5A	AC	89	49	4E	47	E3	96
0C01	:C8	B3	68	8C	6F	16	03	93	AD	0E31	:44	0D	0E	2E	C0	36	C3	BF	7D
0C09	:EF	08	26	A9	3F	31	24	15	CA	0E39	:97	49	57	41	49	54	4C	2E	04
0C11	:D3	B9	5F	B0	DI	CC	E9	BC	CA	0E41	:0D	00	05	93	B0	41	AC	40	EE
0C19	:48	IF	E7	92	0D	D0	F9	4C	2F	0E49	:7E	AE	9F	95	B8	5A	2D	78	9F
0C21	:10	08	IB	F6	CI	01	AD	E7	6B	0E51	:97	56	31	2E	33	20	42	61	D7
0C29	:29	C8	Al	F6	AO	9C	C0	08	15	0E59	:C9	4A	4F	E2	56	4F	2A	42	8B
0C31	:0A	6D	15	53	75	A9	03	8D	67	0E6I	:55	3D	5A	67	DD	35	18	2D	5A
0C39	:00	4C	91	49	80	01	89	30	DE	0E69	:3D	20	54	48	D5	A4	45	41	48
0C41	;S0	02	29	A9	3A	80	03	29	97	0E71	:53	53	50	52	4F	47	52	E7	5F
0C49	:4C	5F	00	F4	F2	20	0C	ED	6E	0E79	:FA	20	4C	4F	41	37	95	52	FD
0C51	:A9	FF	20	B9	ED	20	FE	ED	B9	0E8I	:20	30	20	99	02	20	DD	AO	36
0C59	;4C	7E	0D	8D	EF	55	F8	AC	25	0E89	:94	C0	C0	BO	9A	BE	AC	2 A	67
0C61	:29	IE	03	08	45	80	3A	AF	ED	0E91	:3A	F4	83	53	16	4 5	CF	C5	08
0C69	:20	E4	FF	C9	20	F0	26	C9	42	0E99	:43	BF	42	00	FB	44	52	49	6E
0C71	:11	F0	13	C9	91	00	Fl	C6	C7	0EA1	:56	4C	97	05	30	99	92	79	C5
0C79	:E6	EB	07	00	D4	A9	0B	50	Al	0EA9	:4I	9B	37	F3	A4	F8	41	4D	4C
0C81	:75	E6	BA	A5	BA	C9	0C	00	A5	0EB1	:A8	90	2C	04	F9	5C	44	FF	05

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-35

PROGRAMS

0EB9	:1F	9A	12	00	92	14	E8	AF	84	10E9:7E	E5	A9	7E	5E	7A	3E	60	99	1319:BA BD C0 E7 6C F7 00 60 52
0EC1	:99	87	29	F4	8E	49	74	82	36	10F1:7C	55	3E	7C	35	80	33	12	59	1321;F9 00 60 FB 00 6C FD 00 3F
0EC9	:71	94	C6	28	46	49	4C	4 5	54	10F9:66	30	80	07	E4	3E	06	7C	85	1329:40 70 77 0E 02 01 lA 14 81
(3ED1	:20	23	B3	72	4F	46	09	F9	04	1101:E6	Al	79	20	22	28	95	06	IF	1331:03 62 19 05 08 60 0B 02 F2
0ED9	:00	0D	91	4E	20	ID	99	29	22	1109;F2	0C	06	55	34	48	7E	38	85	1339:1F 0E 08 lA lA lA lA lA 90
0EE1	:0D	9A	5F	05	FA	B7	05	21	49	1111:00	60	30	18	30	60	00	00	05	1341;1A lA lA lA lA lA lA lA 67
0EE9	:D0	A4	6F	20	11	IB	EQ	A3	Fl	1119:3C	66	00	18	00	18	00	80	06	1349: lA lA lA lA lA lA lA lA 6F
0EF1	:77	AB	A8	46	31	8D	2D	0C	54	1121:7C	08	C8	C8	A9	00	85	10	CI	1351 :1A lA lA lA lA lA lA lA 77
0EF9	:52	72	C0	30	33	46	33	23	33	1129:A6	FB	30	0D	06	FA	2A	26	OB	1359: lA lA lA lA lA lA lA lA 7F
0F01	:18	26	F0	41	6C	DD	98	15	0E	1131:10	C6	FB	88	00	F2	AA	18	04	1361 :1A lA lA lA lA lA lA lA 87
0F09	:86	46	35	62	5C	61	44	4F	09	1139:60	48	Al	FF	85	FA	A2	07	36	1369: lA lA lA lA lA lA lA lA 8F
0F11	:88	43	4F	4D	4D	32	ID	53	C3	1141:86	FB	E4	FF	A6	FE	D0	02	17	1371: lA lA lA lA lA lA lA lA 97
0F19	:0D	0D	AE	12	Dl	46	38	20	30	114 9:C6	FF	06	FE	68	90	DD	E0	B9	1379:1A lA lA lA lA lA 00 00 51
0F2L	:92	49	4A	57	Fl	Al	5F	92	01	1 1 5 1 : E 7	D0	D9 01 07	A9 A9 20	37 10 32	85 85 07	01 04 A6	58 AA 04	98 4E F9
0F29 0F31	:52 :4F	73 4E	20 CF	46 AF	49 13	9C 00	D8 9E	20 95	44 EA	1159:4C 1161:BC	A2 D8	Joe Votour keeps track of his fifes in l^anmer, Ontario. Canada.
0F39	:3B	C5	El	B9	11	3E	AD	A5	C0	1169:7D	C7	07	48	A5	10	69	00	El
0F41	:D4	BB	Dl	F5	80	04	IB	3C	69	1171:E0	0F	69	00	A8	68	A6	02	2B
0F49 0F51	:53 :DE	48 53	49 45	46 2C	80 ID	F2 27	4C 55	84 4E	FD 9D	1179:00 1181:F0	08 D9	C0 18	00 65	D0 FC	04 AA	C9 98	10 65	58 15	STOCK ANALYSIS 128
0F59	:2F	CF	CE	4F	50	20	54	4F	CC	1189:FD	85	49	A4	11	F0	20	8A	96	By Philip Addeo Stock Analysis 128 is a full-fledged
0F61 0F69	:2B :G5	58 B0	80 94	07 2D	21 47	99 59	32 20	96 4B	16 27	1191:38 1199:85	E5 48	11 A5	80 FC	03 E5	C6 11	49 80	38 02	74 EB
0F71	:45	59	E2	0A	2E	D0	18	24	8E	11A1:C6	FD	85	FC	Bl	48	88	91	78	stock advisory program, not a simulation
0F79	:30	63	C4	76	53	57	49	54	67	11A9:FC	C6	01	EE	20	00	E6	01	IE	program or a game. Although admitted-
0F81	:43	48	D8	55	89	08	8E	45	92	11B1:98	D0	Fl	60	44	4D	26	52	8E	ly not as sophisticated as the programs
0FS9 0F91 0F99	:49 :57 9C	4E CE 85	D0 89 18	52 49 B7	EB 53 05	CI 48 5C	4E F9 82	45 56 95	67 EC 7A	11B9:4F 11C1:FE 11C9:00	00 00 80	04 08 02	0C 10 03	IC 20 04	30 41 05	70 81 06	BC 05 06	40 34 C2	the big boys use, this program can be very useful in evaluating your stock port-
0FA1	9B	B4	97	12	48	9B	20	02	CI	11D1:06	07	03	03	04	05	06	06	8F	folio or in tracking the stock market as a
0FA9	5F	44	4F	91	43	4F	4D	4D	CA	11D9:06	07	07	00	08	08	C4	07	AA	whole.
0FBi	49	79	62	9B	20	98	20	97	14	11E1:9E	20	28	32	30	36	34	29	6F	This 128 program is written entirely in
0FB9	20	0D	11	9E	EC	96	75	63	47	11E9;F1	05	00	AD	31	8D	B2	14	5A	BASIC 7, It's easy to use and requires the 128 to be in 80-column mode. To help
0FC1 0FC9	05 4E	07 28	C2 02	09 2E	99 4C	09 0D	99 99	52 53	83 59	11F1:CF 11f9:F1	06 90	8D EA	B3 8D	8A 19	80 03	86 84	8F 71	80 IF
0FD1	54	41	54	55	70	36	62	76	El	1201:85	FD	A9	D0	A2	8D	F7	78	5D	avoid typing errors, enter the program
0FD9:	49	C4	00	9A	93	12	08	11	7D	1209:00	78	A9	33	4F	55	BE	00	61	with The Automatic Proofreader. See "Typ-
0FE1:	08	87	60	53	45	4C	45	43	50	1211:00	18	21	11	89	0F	11	99	36	ing Aids" elsewhere in this section. Be
0FE9:	5A	45	42	4F	4F	54	20	44	14	1219:1C	07	C8	D0	F7	20	31	07	DC	sure to save a copy of the program be- fore exiting Proofreader.
0FF1:	45	56	49	6E	CB	20	3A	20	CB	I221:F0	46	20	31	07	00	30	20	62
0FF9;	9E	00	0D	9A	66	01	70	20	EA	1229:30	07	69	02	09	04	90	27	IB
1001:	41	4E	44	20	50	52	45	53	89	1231:D0	07	20	31	07	69	04	D0	40	Whot You Need
1009:	53	20	3C	53	50	41	43	45	EA	1239:1E	20	2F	07	69	06	09	00	OE
1011:	3E	0D	00	93	4C	4F	41	44	33	1241:D0	11	08	20	2F	07	69	0D	A2	To use Stock Analysis 128, you'll need
1019:	22	3A	2A	22	00	BE	80	3B	77	1249:C9	0D	D0	07	A0	0 5	20	32	AB	the weekly closing stock prices phnted
1021: 1029; 1031:	CE 30 26	6E 3E 2C	60 C9 9B	01 43 E5	lA 4 6 C0	25 60 SB	A3 DE DC	EE 63 0F	FB 33 3E	1251:07 1259:11 1261:A5	69 A6 49	ID FE 85	EE A5 FF	00 FF A5	04 20 48	EA 97 85	85 07 FE	51 A0 83	in larger daily newspapers, usually on Saturday or Sunday. You'll also need
1039:	87	60	D8	7C	89	C4	98	CI	EB	1269:20	31	07	85	02	F0	14	0A	29 1	the total stock price advances and de-
1041:	62	E6	44	IE	4F	9F	45	6C	A6	1271:20	A9	03	85	11	20	2F	07	3D	clines and Standard & Poor's (S&P's)
104 9:	78	6C	2C	IF	02	E0	F5	02	B9	1279:A6	02	D0	02	69	08	20	6B	C2	500 closing price.
1051: 1059: 1061:	11 C3 88	16 35 00	76 0F 66	7E 60 IF	6E CB 7A	Bl CE 67	7C 6E 24	91 36 F3	FA 3D E3	1281:07 1289:20 1291:E2	F0 30 D0	9A 07 07	20 69 20	31 04 30	07 09 07	F0 06 69	E9 90 06	2C 25 84	Before using the program, you must decide which stocks you'd like in your
1069:	74	63	IE	62	BE	22	89	2C	23	1299:00	D9	A0	05	20	32	07	69	42	file. You can have any number of
1071:	26	27	32	7E	98	8F	8C	C2	78	12A1:0A	C9	00	F0	0D	C9	12	D0	72	stocks in a file, but I'd suggest a maxi-
1079:	82	17	4E	7E	6B	83	78	8A	F7	12A9:CA	A0	02	20	32	07	69	2A	48	mum of 20, Things can get a little cum-
1081:	4B	98	IC	36	78	30	25	4A	6D	12B1:D0	01	A0	06	D0	F5	A9	00	D4	bersome if you have more than that. Of
1099: 1091:	94 4A	3C 10	86 30	08 7F	AB 7F	98 30	EB 10	24 82	16 38	12B9:85 1201:08	2D A9	A9 18	18 85	85 2E	2E 4C	4C 10	10 08	30 7A i	course, you can have any number of dif-
1099:	05	00	B6	IC	CI	03	E3	29	DF	12C9:C6	01	58	A 7	A2	CO	12	D0	58	ferent files. The program requires
10A1:	CI	98	09	FF	66	C0	13	6A	80	12D1:D0	34	A2	06	A9	FF	95	F8	91	three weeks of stock data to start, and
10A9:	B6	3C	F3	7A	62	57	33	63	94	12D9:B0	90	03	95	F7	CA	CA	10	4B	data must be entered on a weekly ba-
10B1:	0C	2E	85	38	6C	6C	3E	74	9D	12E1:F3	A2	12	BD	A0	03	40	5E	D0	sis for the program to be useful.
10B9:	6D	E3	95	0C	F6	5A	06	30	FB	12E9:03	9D	E8	07	CA	10	F4	A9	AE
10C1:	FE	AD	24	3E	24	58	7E	A 9	5E	12F1:13	A2	E8	A0	07	20	97	03	5A	Getting Started
10C9:	6D	96	A7	D8	44	4F	02	60	8C	12F9:A9	0F	A8	A2	08	20	94	03	E2
10D1:	3C	02	D6	26	61	93	FC	21	42	1301:20	9A	03	20	9D	03	29	00	88	The opening menu of Stock Analysis
10D9:	AC	37	18	38	C2	84	ID	60	67	1309:Aa	78	E6	01	89	0F	12	99	56	128 gives you four options: update an
10E1;	D9	15	49	30	E9	4F	66	66	E0	1311:FA	00	08	D0	F7	4C	00	01	00	existinn file, analvze an existinn file

G-36 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

open a new file, and quit.

To start, choose option 3. open a new file, and follow the pronnpts for en- tering the filename and stock data. Use option 3 to open as many new files as you need. Use option 1 to up- date your files weekly. Use option 2 to analyze your files.

The program's main body consists of three screens. The first one displays general market trends for the past three weeks, which include advances, declines, and an advance/decline in- dex. The second screen displays S&P's 500 data for the past three weeks, which include short-, me- dium-, and long-term trends; the trend's direction; and a market indica- tor. The third screen is the main analy- sis screen and displays the name of the stock, three weeks of data, trends, and a recommendation for each individ- ual stock in your file.

STOCK ANALYSIS 128

PK 5 REM COPYRIGHT 1993 - COMP UTE PUBLICATIONS INTL LTD - ALL RIGHTS RESERVED SA 10 FAST

20 L$="":AS=CHR$(176) :B$=CH R$ (99) :D$=CHR$ (174) :ES=C HR${98) :Z2$=E$ DS 30 I$=CHRS(173) :K$=CHR$(189

) DO 40 Ll$ = ************** ******* ************************

QA

************************

************"

DK 50 L2$=",

XF 60 DIMA{250) :Z$=CHR$C13) FJ 70 PRINT*MCLR}{RVS}

{9 SPACES} {SHIFT-SPACE} {20 SPACES} STOCK MARKET {SPACE}ANALYSIS {29 SPACES} {OFF}" CR 80 PRINT" {DOWN} ":GOSUB2190 CK 90 PRINTTAB(31)"{RVS}1,

{OFF} UPDATE FILE"

AR 100 PRINTTAB (31) "{RVS}2.

{OFF} STOCK ADVISOR"

XK 110 PRINTTAB(31)"{RVS}3.

{OFF} OPEN NEW FILE"

CA 120 PRINTTAB(31) "{RVS}4.

{OFF} QUIT" QP 130 PRINTTAB{35) "(2 DOWN}CH

01 CE"; : INPUT I XQ 140 IFI<10RI>4THENPRINT"

{4 UP}": GOTO 130 PS 150 IFI=4THEN170 PJ 160 ONIGOTO410, 1060, 180

RA 170 END

SG 180 PRINT"{CLR}{RVS}

{11 SPACES}CREATE NEW F

ILE{14 SPACES}" FX 190 INPUT" {DOWN}WHAT IS THE

NAME OF NEW FILE";NF$ JE 200 INPUT" {DOWN}H0W MANY ST

OCKS IN FILE";M MA 210 D0PEN#1, (NF$) ,W QA 220 INPUT"{CLR} {2 D0WN}ENTE

R WEEKS CLOSING ADVANCE

S, DECLINES {5 SPACES}";

A,D MA 222 INPUT" {DOWN}ENTER LAST

{SPACE}WEEKS CLOSING AD

VANCES, DECLINES

(2 SPACES}";A1,D1 EB 224 INPUT" {DOWN}ENTER WEEK

{SPACE}BEFORE CLOSING A

DVANCES, DECLINES ";A2,

D2 PR 230 INPUT" {DOWN}ENTER WEEKS CLOSING PRICE OF S&P 5

00 {9 SPACES} ";S FR 240 INPUT" {DOWN} ENTER LAST

{SPACEJWEEKS CLOSING PR

ICE OF S&P 500

{4 SPACES}"; SI EM 250 INPUT"{D0WN}ENTER WEEK

{SPACE} BEFORE CLOSING P

RICE OF S&P 500

{3 SPACES} ";S2 HD 260 FQRJ=0TO3:A(J)=A-D:NEXT AR 270 FORJ=4T013:A(J)=S:NEXT FF 280 PRINT#1,M SD 290 PRINT#1,A(0) ;Z$;A{1) ;Z$

;A(2) ;Z$;A{3);ZS;A(4) ;Z

$;A(5);Z$;A(6) EQ 300 PRINT#1,A(7) ;Z$;A{8) ;Z$

;A(9) ;Z$;A(10) ;Z$;A(11)

;ZS;A{12);Z$;A(13) PE 310 PRINT#1,S1?2$;S2;Z$;A;Z

$;A1?Z$;A2;Z$;D;2$;D1;Z

$;D2 PX 320 FORK-ITGM AQ 330 PRINT"{CLR}{2 DOWN}ENTE

R NAME OF STOCK NUMBER

{SPACE}"K" {DOWN}": INPUT

A$ GJ 340 INPUT" {DOWN}ENTER END 0

F WEEK CLOSING PRICE :

{SPACE }";X JG 350 INPUT"{DOWN}ENTER LAST

{SPACE}WEEKS CLOSING PR

ICE{2 SPACES}: ";X1 SG 360 INPUT" {D0WN}ENTER WEEK

{SPACE}BEFORE CLOSING P

RICE : ";X2 CF 370 FORJ=1TO10:A(J}=X;PRINT

"{HOME} {6 DOWN}": NEXT QG 380 PRINT#1,A$;Z$;A{1) ;Z$;A

(2) ;ZS;A(3) ;Z$;A(4);Z$;

A(5) ;Z$;A(6) QJ 390 PRINT#1,A(7) ;Z$;A{8) ;Z$

?A(9};Z$;A(10);Z$;X1;Z$

• X2 QD 400 NEXT :DCLQSE: RUN

GK 410 INPUT"{CLR}{4 DOWN}WHAT IS NAME OF FILE YOU WI SH TO ANALYZE" ;F$ FP 420 PRINT" {CLR}{RVS}

{8 SPACES} UPDATE STOCK

{SPACE}PRICES

{13 SPACES} {OFF}" GG 430 DOPENtl, (F$) CG 440 INPUT#1,M,A(0) ,A(1) ,A{2

) ,A{3) ,A(4) ,A(5) ,A(6) HQ 450 INPUT#1,A{7) ,A(8) ,A(9) , A(10) rA(Il) fA{12) rA(13)

,S1,S2,A,A2,A3,D,D1,D2 KD 460 S2=S1:S1=A(4} :A3=A2:A2=

A:D2=D1:D1=D AK 470 PRINT" {DOWN} {7 SPACES}

{RVS}GENERAL MARKET INF

ORMATION{OFF}" PP 480 INPUT" {2 DOWN}ENTER ADV

ANCES, DECLINES, S&P 50

0" • A D S GM 490 PRiNT"{2 DOWN} "A, D, S : Y=

1 : N = 0 : INPUT " { DOWN } ANY

{2 SPACES} CHANGES Y/N";

X$

IFX$ = *'Y"THEN480

A1=A-D

A(0)=A(0)+A1:A(3)=A(2) :

A(2)=A(1)

A(1)=.375*A(2)+.125*A(0

)

A(4)=S:A{7)=A(6) :A(6)=A

(5)

A(5)=INT{66,67*A(6)+33.

33*S)/100

A{10)=A(9) :AC9)=A(8)

A(8)=INT(87.5*A{9)+12.5

*S)/100

A(13)=A(12):A(12)=A(11)

A{11)=INT(95*A(12)+5*S)

/100

GOTO660

FORJ=0TO13:PRINTJ,A(J) :

NEXT

INPUT" {DOWN} ANY

{2 SPACES} CHANGES Y/N";

X$

IFX$="N"THEN660

INPUT" {DOWN} ITEM # AND

{SPACE}CHANGE"; J,A(J)

GOTO600

DIMB${M) :F0RI=1T0M

L=12*I+1

INPUT#1,B$(I) ,A(L+1) ,A{

L+2) ,A(L+3) ,A(L+4) ,A(L+

5) QR 690 INPUT#l,A{L+6) ,A(L+7) ,A

(L+8) ,A(L + 9) ,A(L-H0) RE 700 INPUT#1,A(L+11) ,A(L+12) XC 710 A(L+12)=A(L+11) tACL+11)

=A(L+1) PS 720 PRINT" {CLR}{D0WN}ST0CK:

";B$(I) RK 730 PRINT"{D0WN}LAST WEEKS

{SPACE} PRICE WAS";A(L+1

) GH 740 INPUT"{DOWN}ENTER THIS

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE 3-37

DR	500
DB	510
QS	520
MS	530
MQ	540
MB	550
CM	560
JG	570
BJ	580
ED	590
DP	600
QM	610
EF	620
KD	630
PE	640
RU	650
FG	660
BH	670
QA	680

PROGRAMS

(SPACElWEEKS PRICE";? DQ 750 INPUT" {DOWN} ANY

{2 SPACES}CHANGES Y/N";

XS SX 760 IFX$="Y"THEN720 JP 770 A(L+l)=P;A{L+4)=A(L+3) :

A(L+3)=A(L + 2) JG 780 A{L+2) =INT (66-67*A(L+3)

+33.33*P)/100 JG 790 A(L+7)=A(L+6) :A(L+6)=A(

L+5) BD 800 A(L+5)=INT(87,5*A(L+6)+

12.5*P)/100 DK 810 A(L+10)=A(L+9) :A(L+9)=A

(L + 8) MF 820 A(L + 8)=INT (95*A(L + 8)+5*

P)/100 FQ 830 GOTO890 PG 840 F0RJ=1T012:PRINTJ,A(L+J

) :NEXT BG 850 INPUT "{DOWN) ANY

{2 SPACES} CHANGES Y/N";

X$ XH 860 IFX$="N"THEN890 AA 870 INPUT" {DOWN} ITEM # AND

{ S PACE } CHANGE " ; J , A ( L+ J ) PQ 880 GOTO830 MM 890 NEXT CB 900 DCLOSE

BS 910 PR I NT "{CLR){ DOWN} THAT'S ALL THE STOCKS IN THE

(SPACE) FILE {2 SPACES}" FJ 920 FORTl=lTO2000;NEXT SB 930 DOPEN#l,"(a"+(F$} ,W CQ 940 PRXNT#1,M BP 950 PRrNT#l,A(0) ;ZS;A(1) ;Z$

;A{2) SR 960 PRINT#1,A(3) ;Z$;A{4) ?Z$

;A(5) ?Z$;A(6) ;Z$;A(7) ;Z

$;A{8} ;Z$;A{9) ;ZS;A(10) BA 970 PRINT#1,A(11) ;Z6;A(12} ;

Z$;A(13) ;Z$;S1;Z$;S2;Z$

;A;Z$;A2;Z$;A3 MQ 980 PRINT#l,.D;Z$;Dl;Z$;D2 JJ 990 F0RI=1T0M HA 1000 L=12*I+1 ED 1010 PRINT#1,BS(I) ;ZS;A(L+1 ) ;Z$;A(L+2) ;Z$;A(L+3) ; Z$;A(L+4) ;Z$;A(L+5) MM 1020 PRINT#l,A(L+6) ;Z$;A(L+ 7) ;Z$?A(L+8) ;Z$;A(L+9) ;Z$;A(L+10) JE 1030 PRINT#1,A(L+11) ;2$;A{L

+ 12) BQ 1040 NEXT: DCLOSE HA 1050 PR I NT "{DOWN) ALL DATA H AVE {2 SPACES }BEEN RECO RDED":FORZ=1TO2000:NEX T JC 1060 M=0:K=0 GX 1070 DB$="{YEL) DON'T BUY

{OFF} (21 SPACES}" JE 1080 DBB$="{YEL} DON'T BUY {SPACE} (BEAR) {OFF) {14 SPACES}" CG 1090 HS$=^"{PUR} HOLD STOCK {SPACE} {OFF}

{20 SPACES)"

CH 1100 AS$="{YEL} AVOID STOCK

{0FF}{19 SPACES}"

GD 1110 SS$="{CYN} SELL STOCK

{SPACE) {OFF)

{20 SPACES}"

KJ 1120 BS$="{CYN} BUY STOCK

{OFF} {21 SPACES}" KF 1130 SF$="{YEL} STAY FULLY

{SPACE} INVESTED (BULL) {OFF} {4 SPACES)" FH 1140 UC$="{WHT} UNCERTAIN-^

DON'T BOY {OFF}

{10 SPACES}" JH 1150 IN$="{WHT} INCONCLUSIV

E {0FF}{18 SPACES}" RF 1160 WA$="{YEL} WAIT FOR CL

EARER MARKET TRENDS

{OFF}" AB 1170 INPUT"{CLR) {4 DOWN}WHA

T IS NAME OF FILE YOU

{SPACE}WISH TO ANALYZE

"?F$ QQ 1180 D0PEN#1, (F$) FF 1190 PRINT"{CLR}{WHT} {RVS}

(18 SPACES) PERSONAL ST

OCK ADVISOR GENERAL MA

RKET TRENDS{18 SPACES)

{OFF}" GO 1200 PRINTTAB(29) "{DOWN}

{RVS} ADVANCES AND DEC

LINES (RVS}": PRINT CF 1210 GOSUB2280 KE 1220 PRINTL1$ BE 1230 INPUT#I,M,A(0) ,A(1) ,A(

2) ,A(3) ,A(4) ,A(5) ,A(6)

,A(7) ,A(8) ,A(9) ,A(10) ,

A(ll) ,A(12) SX 1240 INPUT#1,A(13) ,S1,S2,A1

,A2,A3,D,D1,D2 KF 1250 Y=0:IF(A1>A2)AND(A2>A3

)THENY=1:A=Y JD 1260 IF(A1<A2)AND(A2<A3)THE

NY=-1:A=Y RA 1270 F0RJ=1T03:A(J)=INT (ACJ

) ) :NEXT KM 1280 PRINT "{DOWN) ADVANCES";

TAB (21) ; :PRINTUSING"##

###";A1;:PRINTSPC(10) ;

:PRINTUSING"#####";A2;

: PR I NTS PC (10) ;: PR I NT us

ING"#####";A3; ;G0SUB21

60 QP 1290 Y=0:IF(D>D1)AND(D1>D2)

THENY=1:A=Y SP 1300 IF(D<Dl)ANDCDl<D2)THEN

Y=-1:A=Y JQ 1310 PRINT"(DOWN}DECLINES";

TAB(21) ; lPRINTUSING"##

###";D; : PRINTS PC (10) ?i

PRINTUSING"#####";D1;:

PRINTSPC (10) ? : PRINTUSI

NG"#####";D2;:GOSUB216

0 AD 1320 Y=0:IF(A(1)> (A2) )AND(A

{2)>A(3) )THENY=1:A=Y CQ 1330 IF(A(1)<A(2) )AND(A(2)<

A(3))THENY=-1:A=Y FR 1340 PRINT" (DOWN) A/D INDEX"

;TAB(21) ; : PRINTUSING"#

####";A(1);:PRINTSPC(1

0) ; :PRINTUSING"#####";

A (2) ;: PRINTSPC (10) ;; PR

INTUSING"#####";A(3) ; :

GOSUB2160 JG 1350 PRINT" {D0WN}'*L2$ QR 1360 PRINTCHR$(158)TAB(30) "

{2 DOWN) ANY KEY TO CON

TINUE" HA 1370 GETKS:IFK$=""THEN13?0 FK 1380 PRINT" {CLR){WHT} (RVS)

(18 SPACESJPERSONAL ST

OCK ADVISOR GENERAL MA

RKET TRENDS{18 SPACES}

(OFF)" DP 1390 PRIMTTAB(35) "{DOWN}

{RVS) S & P 500 (RVS}"

: PRINT QB 1400 GOSUB2280 KA 1410 PRINTL1$ DG 1420 Y=0:IF(A(1)>A(2) ) AND(A

(1)>A(3) )THENY=1:A=Y JG 1430 IF(A(1)<A(2) )AND(A{2)<

A(3) )THENY=-1:A=Y DR 1440 F0RJ=1T03:A(J)=INT(A{J

) ) :NEXT XM 1450 Y=0:IF(A(5)>A(6})AND(A

(6)>A(7) )THENY=1 QQ 1460 IF(A{5)<A(6) ) AND(A(6)<

A(7) )THENY=-1 KG 1470 PRINT"{DOWN} (YEL)SHORT

"TAB(19) ; : PRINTUSING"$

####-##"; A (5) ; :PRINTSP C(7) ; :PRINTUSING"$####

*##";A(6}; :PRINTSPC(7)

;:printusing"$####.##"

;A(7);

HF 1480 GOSUB2160

FK 1490 Y=0:IF{A(8)>A(9) )AND(A (9)>A(10) )THENY=1

GD 1500 IF(A(8)<A(9)) AND(A(9)< A(10) )THENY='l

MA 1510 PRINT" (DOWN) {CYN)MEDIU M"TAB(19} ; :PRINTUSING" $####. ##";A(8) ; :PRINTS PC(7) ; :PRINTUSING"$### #.##";A(9) ; :PRINTSPC{7 ) ;:PRINTUSrNG"$####,## '* ? A (10) '

XH 1520 GOSUB2160

BA 1530 Y=0:IF{A(11)>A(12) ) AND (A(12}>A(13) )THENY^1:L = Y

KQ 1540 IF{A(11)<A(12))*(A(12) <A(13) )THENY = -'1:L = Y

AJ 1550 PRINT" {DOWN} {6>L0NG"TA B(19) ; :PRINTUSING"$### #.##";A(11) ; : PRINTSPC ( 7) ; :PRINTUSING"$####.# #";A(12) ; :PRINTSPC(7) ; :PRINTUSING"$####,##"; AC13);

DJ 1560 GOSUB2160

DP 1570 Y=0:IF{A(4)> (SI)) AND{ (

G-38 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

S1)>{S2) )THENY=1:A=Y DA 1580 IF(A(4) < (Si) ) AND ( (SIX

(S2) )THENY = -1:A'=Y MR 1590 PRINT"{DOWN} {WHT}LEVEL "TAB{19} ; : PRINTUSING'*$ ####.##";A(4);:printsp C (7) ; :PRINTUSING"$##|# .##";S1; :PRINTSPC(7) ; : PRINTUSING"$####.##"?S 2;

KB 1600 GOSUB2160:PRINTL2S GD 1610 PRINT"INDICATION:

{RVS]"; RJ 1620 IF{A=0) AND(L^0)THENPRI

KTIN$:B=0:GOTO1730 SF 1630 IF(A=1) AND(L=1) AND{A(8

) >A(11) )THENPRINTSF$:B

=1:GOTO1730 MS 1640 TF(A = 1)AND(L=^1) AND(A(8

)<A(11) )THENPRINTUC$:B

=0:GOTO1730 RB 1650 IF(A = -1)AND(L^-1) A!4D(A

(8)>A(11) )THENPRINTUC$

:B=0:GOTO1730 SS 1660 IF(A='1)AND(L=1)AND(A(

8)<A(11) )THENPRINTDBBS

:B=-1:GOTO1730 RS 1670 IF(A=-1)AND(L=-1)AND(A

(5)<A(11))AND(A(8)<A(1

1) )THENPRINTDB$:B=-1:G

OTO1730 FG 1680 IF(A=-1)AND{L=-1)AND(A

(5)>A{11) )AND(A(8)<A(1

1) )THENPRINTBS$;B=1:G0

TO1730 MB 1690 rF(A=l)AND(L=-l}AND{A(

5)<A(11) )AND(A{8)<A(11

) )THENPRINTBS$:B=1:G0T

01730 HH 1700 IF(A=1) AND(L=-1)AND tA(

5)>A{11) ) AND (A (8) <A(11

) )THENPRINTBS$:B=1:G0T

01730 KS 1710 IF(A=I)AND(L=-1)AND(A{

5)>A(11))AND(A(8}>A(11

) )THENPRINTBS$:B=1:G0T

01730 CE 1720 B=0:PRINTIN$ PE 1730 PRINTCHR$(158)TAB{30)"

{2 DOWN} ANY KEY TO CON

TINUE" RJ 1740 GETK$: IFK$=""THEN1740 EP 1750 PRINT'MCLR} {CYN} {RVS}

{30 SPACES} PERSONAL ST

OCK ADVISOR{28 SPACES}

{OFF}" JS 1760 F0RK=1T0M CP 1770 INPUT#1,A$,A(14) ,A(15)

,A(16) ,A(17) ,A(18) PR 1780 INPUT#1,A(19) ,A(20) ,A(

21) ,A(22) rA(23) ,A(24) ,

A(25) BA 1790 PRINT"{H0ME}{2 DOWN}"T

AB{8) "{57 SPACES}'* BB 1800 PRINTCHR$(2) "{HOME}

{2 DOWN} {CYN} STOCK:

{WHT}";A$:PRINT"{CYN}"

:GOSUB2280

MG 1810 PRINT"{CYN}"L1$

FA 1820 Y=0rIF(A(15)>A(16) )AND (A(16)>A(17) )THENY=1

QE 1830 IF(A(15)<A(16))AND(A(1 6) <AC17))THENY=-1

QB 1840 PRINT" {DOWN} {YEL}SHORT "TAB (19) ; :PRINTUSING"$ ###.#r';A(15);:PRINTSP C{8) ;:PRINTUSING"$###. ##";A(16) ; :PRINTSPC(9) ;:PRINTOSING"$###,##"; A(17);

BM 1850 GOSUB2160

AS 1860 Y=0:IF(A(18)>A(19))AND (A(19)>A(20) )THENY=1

SH 1870 IF(A(18)<A(19) )AND(A(1 9) <A(20))THENY=-1

PM 1880 PRINT"{DOWN}{CYN}MEDIU M"TAB (19) ; :PRINTOSING" $###.##";A(18);:PRINTS PC(8) ; :PRINTUSING"$### .##";A(19) ; :PRINTSPC(9 ) ; :PRINTUSING"$###.##"

;A(20);

RS 1890 GOSUB2160

SC 1900 Y=^0:IF(A(21)>A(22) ) AND (A(22)>A(23) )THENy=l:L =Y

RH 1910 IF{A(21)<A(22)) AND(A(2 2)<A(23) )THENY==-1:L-Y

FD 1920 PRINT"{D0WN}<6>L0NG"TA B(19) ; :PRINTUSING"$### .##";A(21) ; :PRINTSPC{8 ) ;:PRINTUSING"$###,##" ;A{22) ; :PRINTSPC(9) ; :P RINTCJSING"$###,##";A(2

3);

EB 1930 GOSUB2160

GD 1940 Y=0:IF(AC14)>A(24) ) AND (A{24)>A(25) )THENY=1:L =Y

HF 1950 IF(A(14)<A(24)) AND(A(2 4) <A (25) )THENY = '1:L = Y

XJ 1960 PRINT"{D0WN}{WHT}PRICE "TAB (19) ; :PRINTUSING"$ ###-##";a(14) ; :printsp C(8) ; :PRINTUSING"$###. #|";A(24) ; :PRINTSPC(9) ;:PRINTUSING"$###.##"; A(25);

AC 1970 GOSUB2160

XM 1980 R=INT (100*(A(11)/AC21) )*(A(15)/A(5))+.5)

FQ 1990 PRINTL2$:PRINTTAB (18) " {DOWN} {6 SPACES}"

GQ 2000 PRINT" {UP}RELATIVE STR ENGTH: ";R;TAB (30) ;''REC OMMENDATION: {RVS}";

QH 2010 IF(L=1)AND(A(15)>A(21) ) AND(A(18)>A(21))THENP RINTHS$:GOTO2120

MA 2020 IF{L=-1)AND(A(15)<A(21 ) )AND(A(18) <A (21) )THEN PRINTAS$:GOTO2120

SK 2030 IFB=0THENPRINTWA$:GOTO 2120

DJ 2040 IF(B=1)AND(L=1)AND(A(1

8)>A(21) )AND(A(15)<A(1

8) )THENPRINTHS$:G0T021

20 HH 2050 IF{B=-1)AND(L=1)AND(A(

18)>A(21) )AND(A(15) <A (

18) )THENPRINTSS$:G0T02

120 BK 2060 IF{B=1)AND{L=1)AND(A{1

8)>A(21))AND(A(15) <A(2

1) )THENPRINTHS$:G0T021

20 DG 2070 IF(B = -1)AND(L = 1)AND(A(

18)>A{21))AND(A(I5) <A {

21) )THENPRINTSS$:G0T02

120 GA 2080 IF(B=1)AND(L="1)AND(A(

18) <A(21) )AND(A(15)>A(

21) )THENPRINTBS$:G0T02

120 DR 2090 IF{B=~l)AND(L='l) AND(A

(18)<A(21) ) AND(A(15)>A

(21) )THENPRINTDB$:G0T0

2120 SS 2100 IF(B=1)AND(A(18)>A(21)

)THENPRINTBS$:GOTO2120 EX 2110 PRINTIN$ CA 2120 PRINTCHR^ (158)TAB(30)"

{3 DOWN} ANY KEY TO CON

TINUE" MK 2130 GETK$:IFK$=*'"THEN2130 MG 2140 NEXT BH 2150 DCLOSE: PRINT" {CYN}" :RU

N HG 2160 IFY=1THENPRINTTAB(72) "

UP "iRETURN DH 2170 IFY=-1THENPRINTTAB(72)

"DOWN": RETURN GD 2180 PRINTTAB(72)"NONE":RET

URN XQ 2190 REM{3 SPACES }B0X MAKER PA 2200 PRINT"{HOME} {3 DOWN}" KB 2210 F0RI=1T018:L$=L$+B$:NE

XT GK 2220 Z1$=A$+L$+D$:PRINTTABC

29)21$ XQ 2230 F0RI=1T018:Z2$=22$+" "

:NEXT:Z2S=Z2$+E$ XF 2240 F0RI=1T04:PRINTTAB(29)

22S:NEXT CQ 2250 X$=I$+MID$(Z1$,2,18)+K

$ JC 2260 PRINTTAB (29) X$: PRINT"

{HOME} {4 DOWN}" PS 2270 RETURN AH 2280 PRINTTAB(22) "{WHT}THIS

"SPC(11)"LAST"SPC{11)"

WEEK" AA 2290 PRINT" TRENDS"SPC (15) "

WEEK"SPC (11 ) "WEEK"SPC (

10) "BEF0RE"SPC(12) "DIR

ECTION": RETURN

Philip Addeo is a biomedical engineer who lives in Roselle, New Jersey, He en- joys electronics, programming the 128, and classical guitar D

FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE G-39

THE AUTOMATIC PROOFREADER

Philip 1. Nelson

The Automatic Proofreader helps you type in program listings for the 128 and 64 and prevents nearly every kind of typing mistake.

Type in Proofreader exactly as list- ,ed. Because the program can't check itself, be sure to enter each line care- fully to avoid typographical errors or oth- er mistakes- Don't omit any iines, even if they contain unusual commands. Af- ter you've finished, save a copy of the program before running it.

Next, type flU/Vand press Return. Af- ter the program displays the message Proofreader Active, youVe ready to type in a BASIC program.

Every time you finish typing a line and press Return, Proofreader displays a two-letter checksum in the upper left corner of the screen. Compare this re- sult with the two-letter checksum print- ed to the left of the iine in the program listing, tf the letters match, the line prob- ably was typed correctly. If not, check for your mistake and correct the line. Al- so, be sure not to skip any lines.

Proofreader ignores spaces not en- closed in quotation marks, so you can omit or add spaces between keywords and still see a matching checksum. Spaces inside quotes are almost al- ways significant, so the program pays attention to them.

Proofreader does not accept key- word abbreviations {for example. ? in- stead of PRINT). If you use abbrevi- ations, you can still check the line by listing it. moving the cursor back to the line, and pressing Return.

If you're using Proofreader on the 128, do not perform any GRAPHIC com- mands while Proofreader is active. 'When you perform a command like GRAPHIC 1. the computer moves eve- rything at the start of BASIC program space—including the Proofreader—to another memory area, causing Proof- reader to crash. The same thing hap- pens if you run any program with a GRAPHIC command while Proofreader is in memory.

Though Proofreader doesn't interfere with other BASIC operations, it's a good idea to disable it before running another program. To disable it, turn the computer off and then on. A gentler method is to SYS to the computer's built-in reset routine (65341 for the 128, 64738 for the 64).

G-40 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

AUTOMATIC PROOFREADER

0 CLR

10 VE-PEEK(772}+256*PEEK(773) :

LO=4 3:HI=44: PRINT" {CLR}

{WHT} AUTOMATIC PROOFREADER

{SPACE} FOR ";

20 IF VE=42364 THEN PRINT "64"

30 IF VE=17165 THEN L0=45:HI=4

6:WAIT CLR:PRINT"I28" 40 SA= (PEEK(L0)+256*PEEK(HI) )+ 6:F0R J=SA TO SA+166:READ B :P0KE J,B:CH=CH+B:NEXT 50 IF CHO20570 THEN PRINT "*E RROR* CHECK TYPING IN DATA {SPACE} STATEMENTS" : END 60 FOR J=l TO 5: READ RF,LF,HF: RS=SA+RF:HB=INT {RS/256) :LB= RS-(256*HB) 70 CH=CH+RF+LF+HF:POKE SA+LF,L

B:POKE SA+HF,HB:NEXT 80 IF CHO22054 THEN PRINT "*E RROR* RELOAD PROGRAM AND CH ECK FINAL LINE":END 90 IF VE=17165 THEN POKE SA+14 ,22:PDKE SA+18 , 23 : POKESA+29 ,224:POKESA+i39,224 100 POKE SA+149,PEEK{772) :POKE SA+150,PEEK(773) iPRINT" {CLR}PROOFREADER ACTIVE" 110 SYS SArPOKE HI , PEEK (HI ) +1 : POKE (PEEK(L0)+256*PEEK(HI ))-l,0:NEW 120 DATA120,169,73,141,4,3,169 ,3,141,5,3,88,96,165,20,13 3,167 130 DATA165,21,133,168,169,0,1 41,0,255,162,31,181,199,15 7,227 140 DATA3, 202, 16, 248,169, 19,32 ,210,25 5,16 9,18,32,210,255 ,160 150 DATA0, 132, 180, 132, 176, 136, 230,180,200,18 5,0,2,24 0,46 ,201 160 DAT A34, 208, 8, 72, 165,17 6,73 ,255,133,176,104,72,201,32 ,208 170 DATA7, 165, 176, 208, 3, 104, 20 8,226,104,16 6,18 0,24,16 5,1 67 180 DATA121,0,2,133,167,165,16 8,105,0,13 3,168,202,208,23 9,240 190 DATA202, 165,167,69,168,72, 41,15,168,185,211,3,3 2,210 .255 200 DATA104,74,74,74,74,168,18 5,211,3,32,210,255,162,31, 189 210 DATA227,3,149,199,202,16,2 48,169,146,32,210,255,76,8 6,137 220 DATA65,66,67,68,69,70,71,7

2,74,7 5,77,80,81,82,83,88 230 DATA 13,2,7,167,31,32,151, 116,117,151,12 8,129,167,13 6,137 O

ONLY ON DISK

Here are the bonus programs on this month's Gazette Disk.

Ezee Desfgn

By Frank Kirsch Milwaukee, W!

If youYe an electronics hobbyist or pro- fessional, you'll use this oulstanding ref- erence program often. Ezee Design fills more than 125 blocks with problem- solving electronic formulas. It'll help you calculate problems dealing with Ohm's Law; capacitors, resistors, and induc- tors in series and paralief circuits; and more.

Use It to determine lime constants, coil-winding specifications, resonant f-equency, and wavelength calcula- tions. It solves simultaneous equations and even illustrates the color code for resistors— 26 different equations in ail.

Budget

Use this SpeedCalc spreadsheet pro- gram to help you manage your own fi- nances. Then send Gazette your own spreadsheet templates. We'll pay $100 for each program we use. See "64/128 View" on page G-1 for details.

Get the February Gazette Disk for only $9.95 plus $2.00 shipping and han- dling. Send your order to Gazette Disk, COMPUTE Publications, 324 West Wen- dover Avenue, Suite 200. Greensboro, North Carolina 27408.

TYPING AIDS

MLX. our machine language entry pro- gram for the 64 and 128, is a utility that helps you type in Gazette machine lan- guage programs without making mis- takes. To make room for more programs, we no longer include this labor-saving util- ity in every issue, but it can be found on each Gazette Disk and is printed in all is- sues of Gazette through June 1990.

We'll send you a free printed copy if you send an SASE to Typing Aids, COM- PUTE'S Gazette, 324 West Wendover Av- enue, Suite 200, Greensboro. North Car- olina 27408.

Sid Meier's

II

RAILROAD TYC

• 10

WHEN YOU SUBSCRIBE TO

O^^^ CALL 800-283-3542

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Overall Game of the Year; ",.. a lifetime of gaming in one product... CGW's Game of the Year is rcbgnized because of its unique subject matter, excellent presentation, and exceptional game paly. " Computer Gaming World

"If not the best. Railroad Tycoon is ceaainly among the best computer games ever created..." Game Players

"thoroughly engrossing... may well be the game of the year." Video Games & Computer Entertainment

3 Yr 36 Issues 2 Yr 24 Issues 1 Yr 12 Issues RAILROAD TYCOON 1 Yr 12 Issues

USA

n $79 n $56 n $32

D 3.5 disk FOREIGN AIR MAIL

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Name

Address _

City

Card#

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^ZipGode_

Exp Date Tel ^

US & Canada: Payment must be in US Funds. Vermont residents add 5% sales and use tax. Make checks payable to: Strategy Plus Inc., PO Box 21 Hancock VT 05748. Allow 4-6 weeks for processing, Visa & Mastercard accepted.

HONEST REVIEWS TIMELY PREVIEWS CUTTING EDGE DESIGN NOTES DETAILED GAME HINTS IN-DEPTH STRATEGIC ADVICE

Strategy Plus writers are hard-core gamers who give their honest opinion of games they have played at length. We give you the previews as soon as the information on titles such as Patriot, Star Trek: The Next Generation, Aces Over Europe, Warlords 2, and Might & Magic 5 is available. Game designers Chris Crawford of Patton Strikes Back, Dan Bunten of Global Conquest, Bruce Shelley of Civilization, Mark Baldwin of Empire Deluxe, John Almberg of Worlds at War and many others, bring you up to date as the design process unfolds. They share their design decisions with you, what's in the game, what might be included and what's been excluded. Afterthe previews, design articles, and reviews we give you detailed game hints and complete walkthroughs for games such as Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis, The Dagger of Amon Ra, Ultima 7 Black Gate, Wizardry Crusaders of the Dark Savant, and Might & Magic 4: Clouds of Keen. The Perfect General, Civilization, Railroad Tycoon, Empire Deluxe, V for Victory, Power Monger. Great Naval Battles and similar games, get coverage with in-depth strategic advice. Computer Games Strategy Plus includes previews, reviews, design articles, game hints, and in-depth play advice for the newest IBM, Macintosh, Amiga, and CD-ROM based computer games.

Circle Reader Service Number t43

REVIEWS

LOTUSWORKS 3.0

New computer owners, fac- ing a confusing profusion of competing software prod- ucts, often start with an inex- pensive program that com- bines the basic productivity appiications. An early con- tender in that market was Al- phaWorks, which Lotus De- velopment bought and re- named LotusWorks. Lotus recently improved, updat- ed, and released Lo- tusWorks as version 3.0 (there was no version 2.0, in case you're wondering),

LotusWorks features word- processing, spreadsheet, da- tabase, and communica- tions programs. The first three are considerably stronger than those usually found in Works-style pro- grams. (They also fill almost 8MB of hard disk space and require a full 640K RAtVl to run.)

The programs are tightly integrated; you can pull da- ta from one program into an- other. You can, for instance, merge names and address- es from the database into a word-processing letter tem- plate to produce a series of personalized form letters.

The powerful new inter- face is a character-based version of Windows, with in- dividually resizable program windows. You can open sev- eral windows at once, click- ing back and forth between them with the mouse.

The program has a mod- ern, colorful look to it, and (t's a pleasure to use. I have a few complaints about its siightly unusual interface, however. For instance, each basic program screen has a menu bar across the top, with the first letter of each pull-down menu item highlighted. In most pro- grams, you access such menus by hitting the Alt key I

106 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

and the highlighted letter. It's that way in Windows, DOS 5.0, and zillions of oth- er programs that support IBM's CUA (Common User Access) standard. Not so in LotusWorks. Here, you must hit F10 to activate the menu bar and then hit the highlight- ed key. (There are other pro-

2.01, slightly altered to fit the pull-down menu inter- face minus a few of the ad- vanced functions. Heed I say more? It's an outstand- ing spreadsheet for this kind of program.

The small relational data- base is surprisingly power- ful. Its native file format is

«portt, otstoi mIHtiss; iitcliiies dictloMpy, tte«aii«»

LotusWorks combines strong word processing, an excellent spreadsiieeL a powerful database, and skeletal communications.

grams that use F10 in this manner, but not many.) Five years ago, this wouldn't have raised an eyebrow, but today it's surprisingly non- standard. I also found the system for typing values in- to fields in dialog boxes un- usual and awkward.

The word processor can embed graphics or spread- sheets in documents, so when you change the source file, it changes the document. It has full sup- port for text styling, includ* ing bold, italic, and underlin- ing for a variety of fonts. It comes with a large set of downloadable Bitstream fonts that work with both dot- matrix and laser printers. There's a thesaurus, spell- ing checker, and print pre- view function.

The spreadsheet appears to be Lotus 1-2-3 release

DBF, the dBASE standard. You can draw data input forms on screen (nine per da- tabase) and validate field da- ta as you enter it. It has cal- culated fields and large memo fields. The only draw- back is that it's not particu- larly easy to learn. The exten- sive tutorial helps.

The bare-bones communi- cations program offers only four communications proto- cols and four terminal emu- lations, although they're the most common ones. Its sim- ple learn-mode recording of log-on scripts is refreshing, but it doesn't have a built-in phone directory. (You can au- todial from database re- cords, however.)

The dialog box for open- ing fiies has a fast file view- er that peeks into the file highlighted on the directory list, if it's in the native Lo-

tusWorks format or ASCII. I found it to be an extremely handy feature.

LotusWorks comes with five hours of 5- to 15-minute tutorial lessons, teaching all aspects of the programs. The context-sensitive help is extensive and usually use- ful, although there were a few things I couldn't find. The manual is written for be- ginners, explaining such things as memory and hard disks. It's thorough and clear- ly written.

LotusWorks isn't without minor irritations, but on the whole, it's a powerful suite of basic applications that will handle anyone's ordi- nary daily home computing needs. Small businesses might find themselves lim- ited, but only if someone on the staff turns out to be a computer nut. With all its fea- tures, it's no surprise that Lo- tus has sold a million and a half copies of LotusWorks.

RICHARD 0. MANN

IBM PC or compatible (80286 com- patible), 640K RAM, EGA or VGA, hard disk; mouse supported— S149

LOTUS DEVELOPMENT

55 Cambridge Pkwy.

Cambridge, MA 02142

(800)343-5414

(617) 577-8500

Circte Reader Service Number 434

C. ITOH a-8E

The C. Itoh CI-8E desktop la- ser printer is much more than an enhanced, beefed- up version of the C. Itoh 4. In addition to the CI-BE's being endowed with more speed, there are several other note- worthy features which set it apart from its sibling.

The C1-8E comes with 1MB of RAM standard, but this can be expanded to a maximum configuration of SMB. The review unit was equipped with 3MB of RAM. a comfortable amount for all

With a screen saver for high-powered PCs.

you purchased a high-end system for its hlazing speed, added power and stunning graphics. So why settle for a screen saver that doesn^t take full advantage of its capabilities?

ORtGiN FXis the next-generation screen saver, with 255-color, high-res graphics* running under Windows". It's just what you'd expect from ORIGIN, the entertainment company that brings you the award-winning Wing Commander and UlUma series.

But whether you're a game player or not, you'll enjoy amazing animations, sensational sound**, and innovative images, ORIGIN FX is a great way to showcase your system,, amuse yourself durintt breaks and discover what "state-of-the-art" means in a screen saver.

'GIN

/

SAVE

Special Bonus:

For owners of Wing Commander II, ORIGIN FX includes a module that plays all of WC ITs cinematic sequences when the game is installed on your hard drive. And that's just the begmntng - look for add-on ORIGIN FX modules shipped with our future games, to showcase their cine- matics, as well.

Circte RMder Service Number 262

An Eiecfronic Arti' Company

PO. 60X 161750 AUSTI^J, TX 78716

©1992 ORIGIN Systems, he. FX h a trademark oF ORIGIN Sysiems, Inc. ORIGIN, Ultimo, We create worlds and Wing Commander ore registered trodemorks of ORIGIN Systems, Inc. Electronic Arts is o registered trademark of Electronic Arts. Windows Is a trodemark of Microsoft Corp. * Requires that Windows be configured in 256-color mode with SVGA gropHics. ** Ad Lib, Sound Blaster or Roland MT'32/LAPC-l or 100% compotible required for music

Puzzled?

Then you* 11 love our Collection of Classic Games! This collection offers you games of strategy, skill, and chance - all for $34.99.

For use with IBM PC's running Microsoft Windows 3.x

FEATURES:

♦Beleaguered Castle (Solitairc)

*Morris (Board Game)

♦Patterns (Puzzles)

♦And More!

Available at local software

distributors, or call

1-800-831-7611

Staric

L

Graphics^

The Game Grafters™

circle Reader Service Number 129

REVEWS

but the most grueling DTP or graphics applications utilizing many soft fonts.

Fourteen bitmapped and eight scal- able fonts are resident in the CI-8E, and additional fonts can be added us- ing HP-compatible font cartridges (there are two slots provided) or down-

108 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

The CI-8E goes beyond the C. Itoh 4, offering many fonts and easy setup and use,

loadable soft fonts. The CI-8E also incorporates C. Itoh's EEG {Edge Enhancement Technology) which smooths out the jaggies that are often present in cun/ed areas of text or graph- ics. The EEG circuitry redefines the curved areas and remaps them, produc- ing a smoother overall appearance. The scalable fonts consist of CG Times Medium in roman, italic, bold, and bold italic and Universe Medium in roman, italic, bold, and bold italic; the bitmapped fonts resident in both por- trait and landscape orientations are 10- and 12-point Courier in roman, bold, and italic and 8.5-point Line Printer.

Parallel, RS-232C serial, and RS-422 serial interfaces are standard equip- ment on the CI-8E, Standard emulation capabilities for the CU8E include HP LaserJet Series III (PCL5), Epson FX- 850, and IBM ProPrinter XL24e emula- tions. A PDL cartridge is also available as an option for PostScript capability, and this cartridge adds 35 PostScript- compatible fonts which can be scaled or rotated.

A soft-touch control panel com- prised of eight function buttons, four col- ored LEDs, and a 16-character LCD message display permits changing the printer's settings and also provides a window on the CI-BE s operational stat- us. Setting up and using the CI-8E are very easy and uncomplicated; the menu-driven LCD panel is augmented by an excellent user's manual.

This eight-page-per-minute laser printer is conservative in the amount of desktop space it requires, measuring a compact 15.5 x 15.9 x 8.6 inches and weighing just under 31 pounds.

A 250-sheet multipurpose paper

tray feeds paper into the CI-8E. while an output lever selects either faceup or facedown delivery modes. An optional second bin paper feeder which holds 300 sheets (list price, $175) and a 20- sheet faceup output tray (list price, $30) are also available as optional items. Transparencies, envelopes, and label stock can be manually fed into the CI-8E.

The C. Itoh CI-8E puts the features wanted by most users into one pack- age, and it offers additional features as options for those users who need them— a most sensible arrangement. The CI-8E's 8-ppm output speed, rela- tively small footprint. EEG technology, good assortment of standard fonts, and serial or parallel interfacing com- bine to make it a printer worthy of seri- ous consideration.

TOM BENFORD

C, ITOH CI-8E— S1.695

C-TECH ELECTRONICS

2515 McCabe Way

P.O. Box 19673

frvine, CA 92713-9673

(714)833-1165

Circle Reader Service Number 435

HEAVEN & EARTH

Heaven & Earth is the first software of- fering produced by the newly formed Buena Vista Software to target a wider audience than Disney Software, anoth- er Disney computer products unit. It's been called an antiarcade game in that it provides a respite from the stan- dard shoot-'em-ups and kill-the-evil- wizard games.

Heaven 8* Earth is a peaceful group- ing of three games: The Pendulum, the Heaven & Earth Card Game, and The Illusions, which in turn can be com- bined to form the Pilgrimage, patterned after the Buddhist path of 108 steps to enlightenment. Oriental concepts for seasons organize and provide struc- ture to the games. Earth, air. fire, and water are paired with winter, spring, summer, and fall to form the 12 sea- sons used for the 12 suits in the Heav- en & Earth Card Game, the four levels of The Illusions, and the backgrounds for The Pendulum.

The first and most obscure of the an- tiarcade games is The Pendulum. The pendulum can only be persuaded to move in the needed direction to strike the positive stones, which will remove stones from the geometric design be- low the pendulum. If the negative grav- ity vortexes, or stones, are hit by the pendulum, more stones appear As with all the games, there s no way to lose The Pendulum game, and you can keep playing until you win. no mat-

Lt's more mercenary than your lowyer, shrewder than your accountant, greedier than the IRS and tougher thon your granny. Get ready for the most challenging game of Monopoly® you've ever played with MONOPOLY® DELUXE.

Combining 90's technical know-how with plenty of good old-fashioned fun, the best- selling boordgame of all time is bock and better than ever

with completely revamped levels of difficulty and greatly enhanced graphics for your computer! You'll get more deluxe for your

bucks with dazzling anima- tion of all ten official tokens, easy-os-pie inter- face, a game activity log that keeps track of all

previous moves and the ability to play by traditional or custom-designed rules.

Enjoy the thrill and excite- ment of wheeling and dealing OS you amass, or reluctantly part with, great fortunes buying and selling railroads, utilities and properties of all types. This game's a must for the library of any TRUE gamer or future real estate tycoon!

WINDOWS '" version feotures all of the DELUXE fratures listed aliove plus tlie added bonus of easier-to-use poinf-and-dick Inrerloce.

MONOPOLY" DELUXE with the ulrimote eosy-to-use point -ond- click interface will be availoble this fall m PC and WINDOWS '" versions.

For mm informotion, pricing orri orders, piea^e {dK 80O-VRG-IN07. VISA, MASTERCARD^ AMERICAH EXPRESS ond checks occepred.

MOKOPOilf ' and RO UNQi ' isig^ an registered inideiTuricj of Tonka (orpororion.

IQdiUrrie« 1936,1 992 I^H[eren)ih^iUlrighbresefid.)ybK^ All righh reunad. LksnsedtoVtiQxi Games, Ira. c 1 992 Vinjn Gomes, Ira.

Virgin fiOf^gtslcfdrnidemork of Virgin EiitefprHes^LJd Vlfiiraiow^ isarigelcredlnxlemarkofMkTOS^ Corporation.

Circle Reader Service Number 155

REVIEWS

ter how long it takes.

The Heaven & Earth Card Game uses 12 suits to match up two-, three-, and four-of-a-kind suits of the same month or the same cen- tral pattern of ocean, moun- tain, desert, or sky. Points are gained by getting more similar cards, having no cards left over, and having animations on the paired cards. Animations are spe- cial cards that combine ani- mation with digitized sound, creating, among other things, the star Betelgeuse, a tornado, and lightning.

The 576 illusions are divid- ed into 12 types of four diffi- culty levels, with 12 Illusions per type. The Illusions, which iDasicaliy consists of computer-based puzzles, gets progressively more dif- ficult as the game progress- es. The illusion types in- clude antimaze, identity, grouping, and "fit fall," a Tet- riS'like game puzzle. These are further classified into four increasing difficulty lev- els of ocean, desert, moun- tain, and sky. Each difficulty (eve! brings a change of rules that makes the next set even harder.

The Pilgrimage is a com- bination of The Heaven & Earth Card Game. Illusions, and Pendulum, with 26 unique and different puzzles that allow you to save your progress in a kind of mara- thon of Heaven & Earth. You must complete the current game before you can move on to the next, in contrast to the free access of all the in- dividual games.

Production values are high on Heaven & Earth, as evidenced in the high- gloss, heavy-paper manual. The 640 x 480 VGA resolu- tion is really in 16 colors with advanced dithering (shading) techniques, mak- ing the limited palette look

110 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

VkUi ()[	tinii'j MmmiI	u
^^H t		1 MLUfM^M^M^^^W^BJ
	fill	it ^;. •••■■■* ^^j..v'....*»-..V-r. ■•

Take the PC path to software enlightenment with Heaven & Earth, the first offering from Disney's Buena Vista Software.

The Logitech Trackman offers a stationary alternative to a mouse, eliminating the need for scurrying room.

more like 256 colors. Instal- lation into 6.5MB of hard disk space is quick and easy. The Pilgrimage sup- ports six save games, as well as pause and load func- tions. The digitized music, gongs, and whistles have a definite oriental flavor, giving away the fact that some of the designers worked on Shanghai and ishido.

Heaven & Earth has an in- tangible beauty about it, something inscrutable and mystifying. That's not just an

illusion, if the large number of sales to women—a group that traditionally avoids computer games— is any indication.

On the surface, the game appears to be simply anoth- er game that combines three lesser games to give substance to the product. On closer inspection, though, you see that each of the game modules is a full game in itself, needing no support from the others. All of which makes Heaven

& Earth a most unusual^ and rewarding — game.

ALFRED C GlOVETTf

IBM PC or compatible (10-MHz 80286 or faster); 640K RAM; EGA. MCGA, VGA, VGA gray scale, or Tan- dy 16-color; hard drive with 6,5MB free; mouse recommended; sup- ports Sound Source, Thunderboard, Sound Blaster, Ad Lib. IBM PS/1 au- dio card, and Tandy DAC sound— $49.95

BUENA VISTA SOFTWARE 500 S. Buena Vista St. Burbank, CA 91521-6385 (800) 688-1520 Circle Reader Service Number 436

LOGITECH TRACKMAN

The Trackman trackball from Logitech is a terrific alterna- tive to a mouse. It looks some- thing like a three-fingered hand, and for good reason: The widths of the buttons on this three-button device (the three "fingers") fit your real fin- gers well. The thumb is the trackball itself, which can be easily manipulated by your real thumb.

Of course, since your thumb must be trained to do what your whole hand (and arm) previously did, it takes some getting used to when quick pointing is required. Even so, for applications where moving the pointer isn't time critical, adaptation is al- most automatic. Generally speaking, the ergonomic de- sign is excellent. Of course, the real advantage of the Trackman— what Logitech calls a stationary mouse^s that it sits in one place, where- as a mouse needs room to move. Everyone with a crowd- ed workspace should look closely at this product.

Because this trackball is as large as an adult hand (about 5V2 inches long and 1 V? inch- es high), it may not be conven- ient for packing when space is tight. It might not work well

^We choose to go to the moon..J^

-John K Kennedy

BUZZ ALDRIN'S

ilLLS-SOVfT 5PACI mi SWJtAnOH

Three... two... onc.LIFT'OFF! The roar of the giant Saturn V engines becomes deafening as the gleaming rocket clears the launch tower. Within minutes it has enough velocity to reach orbit. America's space program is heading to the moon! But for two years the Russians have been working on a larger, more powerful rocket. Could they be secretly planning a mission this year to land men on the moon? Will they get there first?

Buzz Aldrins Race Imo S^pace™, is a computer simulation o( man's greatest adventure, the race to the moon. It recreates all the excitement of ever^^ space mission using digitized footage from lift-offs, space walks > lunar landings and splashdowns.

As Space Director, you have at your disposal the entire space inventories of both the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R., and can plan and direct every conceivable space mission: sub-orbitals; orbital manned and unmanned; duration records; lunar flybys; lem tests; lunar passes; lunar orbits; lunar landings; and even emergency space rescues!

You get to recruit and train over 140 astronauts and cosmonauts and determine which ones have the "right stuff'. You deter- mine which space hardware to research and develop and then you actually schedule and launch individual space missions.

iM	1 1
!

w

^

'4?

tm.v^^ssm:^^

f)

Buzz Ak!rm'5 Race Into Space™ offers twenty different approaches to the moon. Do you follow history or do you cut your own path to glory? Will the United States land on the moon first? Or will the Russians continue to dominate space and plant the red flag on lunar soil first?

Do You Have The Right Stuff?

Buzz Aldrin's Race Into Space'^^ includes:

■ Ability to select from over thirty types of space hardware

■ Hwidreds of histoncal photos and di^tized animations

■ Tu'ent^ varied approaches to land on the moon

■ Play the U.S. or Sovie ts

■ Recruit , train , and assign over 1 40 astronauts

■ Rescue stranded astronauts M Three levels of difficulty

■ Complete astronaut history

■ Fuii musical score and sound ejects

To Order Buzz Aldrins Race Into Space'^^, call ^800'969'GAME, or see your local retailer. Coming soon on MS- DOS.

MS-DOS Screens Pictured. Circle feeder Service Kumber 105

Interplay Productions 3710 S.Susan, Suite 100 Santa Ana, CA 92704 (714)549-2411

© 1992 Sttate^ Visims, Inc, M ri^ts maiel Buzz Aldms Race into Space^ is a trademark of Interplay Productions, fnc, MS-DOS is a tTOikrmrk o/Miaoso/i Corpcrradon.

REVEWS

for a small child, either. In most cases, however, size shouldn't be a probienn.

The Tracknnan comes with the same versatile MouseWare software that accompanies all of Lo- gitech's mouse products. This makes it adaptable to virtually any system configu- ration. Also included with the trackball is a 9-to-25 pin serial adapter, a 9-to-6 pin mouse port adapter, and a thorough and well-written manual.

If you're looking for a stur- dily built, versatile alterna- tive to a mouse, you might consider giving your hand to the Trackman.

BRUCE M. BOWDEN

Logitech Trackman—Si 39

LOGITECH

6505 Kaiser Dr.

Fremont. CA 94555

{800)231-7717

{510} 795-8500

Circle Reader Service Number 437

MEGAHERTZ T396FM

A decent modem should do three things: run at 9600 bps, support V,42bis data compression, and send and receive faxes. A year ago, such a modem wouldVe cost you more than $1 ,000. Today, you can expect to spend much less.

If you need this kind of mo- dem for your laptop comput- er, take a look at Mega- hertz's new line of internal laptop fax/modems. These in- clude the AR196FM (for the AST Premium Exec 386SX/ 20, 386SX/25, and 386SX/ 25C). the C596FM (for the Compaq Portable 486c and LTE 386S/20, Lite/20, and Li- te/25}, the T396FM (for the Toshiba T1000, T1200, T1600. T2000, T3100, T3200, T4400, and T6400 se- ries), and the Z396FM (for ;

112 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

the SlimsPort, Zenith Min- isPort. and MastersPort 386SL). Each is $569, ex- cept for the Toshiba and Ze- nith models, which are $599.

You can also buy the same circuitry in a small ex- ternal unit about the size of a deck of cards. It's called

sion. (You can use your tel- ecommunications program to automatically send com- mands that do the same thing.)

The company also in- cludes a DOS-based mo- dem program from Magic- Soft, called MTEZ, that sup- ports the XMODEM and

Laptop users looking for a good internal or external modem can get a top-quality Megahertz model for a reasonable price.

the P296FMV pocket fax/mo- dem ($599): it plugs into your serial port and can run on either AC power or two AA batteries. With batteries, it weighs only 6.8 ounces.

I tried out the T396FM in- ternal fax/modem with a Toshiba T6400 laptop, and it worked just fine. When communicating with a sys- tem that supports both V.32 protocol (this allows you to transmit at 9600 bps) and V.42bis (this gives you a 4 : 1 rate of data compres- sion), you can send and re- ceive data at an effective rate of 38,400 bps. I also test- ed the unit with my usual fax software, WinFAX Pro, and it worked again without a hitch.

Megahertz thoughtfully in- cludes two batch files that let you quickly switch back and forth from V.42bis to a stripped-down 9600-bps mode without any error cor- rection or data compres-

YMODEM protocols. You can also use MTEZ to send and receive faxes. In addi- tion, you get a coupon that you can send in for an un- named Windows-based fax software package.

When I first tried to use the T396FM with Crosstalk for Windows, I wasn't sure which modem to choose. Be- cause the modem is new, it wasn't listed on my older ver- sion of Crosstalk. Fortunate- ly, Megahertz provides toll- free technical support, and a technician walked me through the initialization string for Crosstalk's custom- modem setup.

If you have an AST Com- paq, Toshiba, or Zenith lap- top, this is currently the best deal in town for a fax/ modem (9600-bps fax and modem) with \/.42bis. If youVe looking for a small ex- ternal fax/modem with the same capabilities, you won't go wrong with the pocket

model, either. Top quality, ex- cellent price, toll-free sup- port, and a five-year unlimit- ed warranty— who could ask for anything more?

DAVID ENGLISH

Megahertz T396FM— $599

MEGAHERTZ

4505 S. Wasatch Blvd.

Salt Lake City, UT 84124

(800) LAP-TOPS

(801)272-6000

Circle Reader Service Number 436

SIMCITY FOR WINDOWS

Regular COMPUTE readers almost certainly know about SimCity. Since its introduc- tion to deservedly wild acco- lades in 1989. it has won nearly every award in the in- dustry, been featured in Newsweek magazine, sold a quarter of a million copies, and won a place in the hearts of the computing pub- lic. It's a classic in the truest sense of the word.

The big news on the SimCity front this year is the new SimCity for Windows. Windows users will love hav- ing SimCity available at the click of an icon, Windows brings several new capabili- ties to the game, not the least of which is the ability to leave your city growing and developing in the back- ground while you go about your other multitasked Win- dows business.

Just in case you're new here, though, let's go over what SimCity is ail about. It won't hurt you veteran city planners to be reminded of the charms of running the mayor's office. I have to ad- mit that until this new Win- dows version came in, it had been months since I vis- ited Rich's Ridge. Now I'm hopelessly hooked again.

SimCity puts you in charge of a simulated city.

SOFTWARE HEADQUARTERS

A wide selection ofsofiivare and accessories for the IBM,,

Specialists in Interimtional Saks • Competitive Mcing • Same day shipping

An Amencan Ta i 30

Arnazor; 43

Aimourfieddon ..„„„„32

Btif&ie's Giamo'Qus Quest ..,.„, ,27

Lemmings , 34

Lomminga 2 ......37

Life & Death N:The Grain. 27

Lord of the Rif^ If: Two To*«fs 37 Lost Rifls of Sherlock Hofnes ...47 Lost Treasures of Infocorr .,43

Before you hit iht rojtl on business, before you head down the highft-ay on vacadon, chark AUTOMAP for V5''iniJows, AutoMap ihov« you the shorten, quickest or most prtfcrrcd route ri> your destination, A comprelienstvc toolbar gives you iiivfant 2ccm to ill your favorite comnundi.

bvAutoMap, Inc. $57.

Bard's Ta'e Corsuuction Set 34

Bard's Tsfe III 31

B3ft Simpson .fl/cade Game ,32

Bart Simp&on: house Welrdness 32

Batman Returns 43

Battle Chess 32

Battle Chess II ,.,, 32

Battle Cbesa^MO VQA.,....,„.,32

Biaci* Crypt ..,.33

Bridge 7.0 .,...32

Buzz Aldrin's Race Into Space. .43

Car St Driver 40

C3Si!es 2: Siege & Conquest ....37

Challenge of the 5 Realms 37

CisiltratJon 43

Coaster 27

Conquest of LoTgbow 43

Creepers 32

Crisis m the Kremlin 37

Crusacers of the Dark Savant. ...42

CydeT Empires,, 33

The Dagger of Amon Ri 43

TheD3.^kHa:f 37

Daemonsgate„.. 37

Dar^;l3nds 43

OarKSifnrThe Shattered Lands , ,47 Design Your Own Railroad ,37

Lost Treasures of Infocom 2..,.,. 37

The Lost Tribe 27

Lure of the Temptress 32

Magic Candle 2. 40

Martian Memorandum 27

Mantls:Exi>enmentalRgnter......43

Megatraivetser 3 „... 43

Mercenaries ,.-.,...,....*„ 40

Mfght& Magic 3 40

Might/M^ic:Clouds of Xeen .....43

Monopoty Detuxe 37

Oh No! More Lemmings! (Add) „.22

Out of this WorSd 37

Paladin II ,...,. 37

pjtfighler „.... , „ , , .25

p;anei's Edge 40

Police Quest 3 37

Powerhits: Battletecn 32

PowerWts: Sci-R „ 32

Powerhlts: Sports 32

Powermonger 33

Prophecy of tt>e Shadow..,,,, 40

(Jgest for Glory 3 ,43

Ra.lroad Tycocm ,.,,,22

Realms. 32

RexNebolar 43

RoboSpol for Windows 37

G a ry ( i r igs b y s Fac 1 1 j c \V;i r

Pacific War iimubtcs the true WWII eipcricnct vAih a deiaUed database listing every Und. air, and sea unit under the p\xycts commantt , Realistic graphics display upclosc combat scenes tnmplc[e with iionib and torpdo cxplosinns.

by Strategic Simulations Inc.... $47,

Dragon's Lair 2: Bmewarp ........43

Dragon's Lair 3...... .............37

Dragon's Lair: Singe's Castle ....37

DuneZ. ,. 37

EcoQijest2 ..........32

EfDpire Deluxe ......CALL

Enoert Home Cesign ......14

Eipert Pet Care 14

Eye of the Behiider 2 40

Fables & Fiencs:K>Tandia 37

Gemftre 32

G-iobal Effect 33

Grand Sla?n Bridge 2 33

GODS,..,.,,,........-.. .,27

Guy Soy,,... 32

Heaven and Earth 32

Heimdall... 22

H(Hi>eAlon0 2 30

HongKor\g M3h|ongPro 33

Hoyles Book of Games 3 32

The Humans 27

Indiana Jones 4:Fate of Atlantis .40

Island of Dr. Brain 32

K.G.B .-.22

King's Qvjest 5 .....,., ...37

Rules of Eng^ement 2 40

SargonS .,.,,32

Scrabt] I e Deluxe 27

Secret of Monkey island 11 40

Shadow of the Sorcerer 33

ShadowLands 32

Shanghai 2:Dragon's Eye 32

Shanf t>n Bn<ige 37

Shuttle Space Flight Simuiator ..32

Sim Ant 37

Sim City 30

Sim City for Windows 37

Sim City GraphiciAncient Cities ..24 Sim City QraphiciFuture Cities ...24

Sim Earth 41

Sim Earth forWir^Jows.. 43

Solitaire for Windows.... 32

Space Ace 2: Borf' s Revenge ....37

Space Quest 4 37

Speedt3ail2 27

Spellcasting 301 .„„37

Spell craft; Aspects of Va or ..37

S jje I liammer ,.,.,..... .., ., .40

Star Cwrtnrt 2 - .37

Star Trek 25th Anniversary 37

Super Teir s ,.,.32

Tennlnatof 2029.- 43

Thieatre of War „.,„..„. 33

Time Treks „,.„..,.................37

Tracon for Windows 47

Tracon 2: Air Traffic Controller ....43

Treasures of Savage Frontier 33

Trolls 32

Trump Castle 3 ,37

Turtles:AJC3[Je Game ....32

TurtJes:Manhastan Missions 32

Ultima 7: The Black Gate 47

Ultima 7"sFo'ge of Virtue 20

Ultima 7: Serpent IsJe 47

Ultima Underworld. 47

Ultima Tnlogy 2... 47

Waxworks 37

Wayne's Worid ..,,. 30

Wneel of Fortune w/ Vanna 27

Where America's Past Carmen ,.37

Where in Time is Carrnen .,32

WJiere in ISA is Csnnen 32

Where in World is Carmen VGA ..47

Wing 2 Special Operations 1 27

Wing 2 Special Operations 2 27

W<ng Commander 2 47

Wing Commander 2 Speech PaX 17

F-19 Stearth Fghter 22

Falcon 3,0.. 47

Gerghis Khan , ...37

Great Naval Battles: 19 39^13 ....47

Global Conquest , 37

Gunship 2000 VGA...... 42

Gunship 2000 Scenario Disk 27

Harpoon...... 30

Harpoon BattieSef # 2 or 3 21

Harpoon BattleSet #A ..25

Harpoon ChaEIeriger Pak. 4S

Harpoon Scenario Editor.. .,„.,. ,28

Heroes of the 357th...., 34

Kampfgrtippe 37

Land. Sea Air Tnlogy 2 43

L' Empereur 37

LHX Attack Chopper 28

Liberty or Death 37

Line in the Sand 27

Lost Admiral .37

MegaFbrtress: Rignt of Old Dog .40

NAM , ...........32

No Greater Glo^ 37

Patriot , ...,47

Perfect General 37

Pirates Gold ,..43

P.T,0 ....CALL

Fly In the Face of Reality!

I

t

V'irtiid Pilot

puts fire power

right under your

thumbs, ^ivesyou

Luh'.incecTailernn

.m J clcvaror trim

tnnifdls and cuii throttle control for

hitth-jKnvcred games. Ii's as cJose to

rirility is )oii din j;ci with our leaving

jour computer.

byCHProdnct.^..„....S69.

Wing Commander Deluxe.. 47

683 AUac< Sub Combo .....28

,Air Force CommarKJer 37

Air Warrior,.,.,,, 37

Ancient Art, of War in SNies 37

AJ.A,C.„... ,........„...,..,.,..37

A.T.P, Fligit Commander..,.. 37

Aces of the Pacific. 43

Allied Forces Bundie, ......42

Ancient Art of War.......... 31

frl7 Flying Fortress..... 42

inds of Prey .,.,.,...„., 33

Campaign. .,.,.,„„. 37

Carrier Strike 43

Carriers at War , , 34

Chuck Yeager's Air Combat 40

Command HQ „.,. 37

C^ombat Classics , .,.,....37

Conquest of Japan ....37

Conffict ir Korea 37

^

Romance of Three Kingdoms 2. .43

Spectre 3. 37

Task Fortje 1942. 43

Top GurT:Danger Zone,... 32

V forVictoiv 47

X*Wlng 37

Hi^*jiil-1

4DBoxirTg 22

Action Sports Soccer 27

All American CoSlege FootJball ....37 Andretti's Racing, Challenge ......22

A.P.BA Baseball 27

Bill Eitioi's Nascar Challenge 32

California Games II .......27

Car & Driver,. ...40

Cart Lewis Challer^s 32

Front Page: Sports Football...... 43

GREENS.....,,,. 37

Ha?0Uall3,. .37

Hardball 3: Park Disk Call

Jack Nickfaus: Signature Ed 43

WeajKHis Control - A h^rvds on throttle with itvcn independent Lonirols includ- ing radar mode, weapons sckxt. "waypoint select and counter mca.vures ............589.

Flight Control - The best jovstick for FlfEht Simuktors. Compatible with all flight simulitor packages as 2 button joystick - S69.

flight Comrol Pro $115.

RuaacrPeaaU SI 15.

F15 Strike Eagle 3 47

FIS Strike Eagle 3 Ace Pack....S2

John Madden Football 2...,.,. 33

Unks386PR0 42

Poplllou.S 2 Ai one of the many sons of Zeus, you approach your father with aspirations of immortility. I It- accepts your request but insists you must prove your merit by defeating 32 of hU most powertul deities. B^n your qucit for immorxalit>' on the i batdeiields of ancient Greece. Clash forcw with "^uch legendary Greek Eods as Poseidon, Apollo, Pr(jmcmcU5 and even /xus himself!

bv Electronic Am. S'10.

King's Quest 6 47

LA, Law 37

Leather Godcesses Phobos 2 ...43 Leger^d of Kyrandra 37

Legions of Krella 40

Leisure Larry 5 37

Strike Commander 47

Strip Poker 3. ..,-33

Sturtt Island ... 37

The Summonirg ., .-40

Super Jeopardy 27

Super Space Invaders,.,. 27

Call us and use your MC, Visa or Discover

800-999-7995

In NY State 212-962-7168

Fax 212-962-72e3

Methods of Payment: We accept Visa, MC, Discover Card fit

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Shipping: UPS Ground (SS minimum)/ UPS Blue (STminimum)

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Links: Bayhill Course Disk ...18

Links:Bountiful Course Disk ......18

LJnks:Dorado Beach Course ....,,18

Links;Firestone Course Disk...,.,lS

Unks; Barton Creek Course ,18

MicroLeague Basetjall 4 42

RO

Mavis Beacon Tvoini

SOUNDCARDS

AdUt)Go!diOOO..,., 179

Ad Lib MuSiC Card 49

Sound Blaster Pro 209

ywj»jpi 3 Hot t:i) I lot htxm hom orOrdrr ,\ll ) k U^t '^^O^S ^^^^ ' contains 5,268 explicit VG."\ pictura ^» j^™ in GIF fonrwt, ST animated monies. 574 sto- I rics. talci & joiccs and 1250 \i(™cr^, games iod utilities f^lsk 2 is jn otcliisivc collection containgover 900 Super VG.A. pictures and over 400 VGA pictures. Di^k 3 is aiu)ther collection of over 650 mfa of the hottc.4 pic- tures available. One fsir im.n\xo for Si 40./.^ for 5 l'J9.

NCAA: Road to Final Four 2 CALL

r^a Pro League Football 4?

NFL FulJ Motion Video .47

PGA Tour Golf 32

Pro League Baseball '92 37

Pro Football Analyst 37

Summer Challenge,„..............„35

Tom Landry Football 32

Tony La Russa Tearr.s 1901-63 15

Tony La Russa Basebai t 32

Wayre Gretzky Hockey 3 37

Hockey League Simulator 2 ...CALL World Class Soccer 27

Algeblastef Pius 32

Eartt'Quest 27

Granrmar Gremlins 32

Headine Harry VGA 37

KidPi^ ,...37

Wd Works 2 ,...37

Mano Teaches Ts.ping, 32

Math Blaster Plus ....32

Math Blaster Plus Endows 37

Number Munchers -.,.22

EDUCATIONAL

Sound Blaster Pro Basic CALL

Sound Commander GOLD 169

Ultrasound CanJ 139

Gamepcrr AutoCH Products 34

Ganiepon i.MiCfoChanni) &/ CH .48

GaJTiecard (80 Thz) „,.„,.....27

IcontroHer forPC 49

9624 Internal Fax/Modem 89

96/24 Portable Fax/Modem ...199

9600 Faa/9600 Modem 329

Computer Cleaning & Vacuum ...35

APS 2001 69

Analog Sabre ...22

Analog Plus 25

night Stick by CH Products 39

GrFORCEYoke. ..,49

Gravis Joystick for PC , 39

Mach 111 by CH Products 33

Mouse \^tiee! 49

Mouse Yoke 34

JOYSTICKS

1 KI^ t AN THE CHALLFNGE - to flip and niidj;c your way to the highest score possible using gre^t features incorporated (rom tradionsl pinbiil gam«. Tristan is-as a finnlisi for Best Simulation 1991 by the Software Fubliihcrs Association. Refjuircs a 386 or 486, hard disk. 2 nig,h ram. Supprt.^ SV''GA & Sound Rioter by Amtex...... S57.

Or^CKi Trail ..32

PC Globe 5,0 or USA 2.0 .,.41

Read Sc Roll VGA ., .,.,.32

ReaderRabblt2 37

Reading Adverttures in Oz... 37

Readings Me 32

Storitiook Weaver ....32

Spel It Plus Talking ....32

5u oe r S pel 1 1 copter..... 27

Su oe r M u n cner s.,.. 32

Snap Dragon , 32

Tinte Riders sn Am History,... 37

Treasure Cove 37

Treasure MathStomi 37

TreeHouse 37

What's My Angte 32

WordMunchers .,.,32

ZooKeeper .,.,37

PRODUCTIVITY

Animation Studio...,. 79

AutoMap , ......57

AutoWorKs...................... 47

Botf/kVorks .47

Chemistry Works .....................43

Gt't X Real Feci to Right by Maxximum

Ouic'KShoi Aviator 5 ..,32

Ou icks hot Intruder 5 , ., „ „ „ 29

(Julckshot Waftior 5, .,.,15

Virtual Pilot 69

The Animals ..69

BatUeChess ..47

Beauty & the Beast 39

Compton's Encyclopedia 395

Guinness Disc of Records......... 69

Grolier's Encyicopedia 239

GramiTiy Awands , 49

- - " ..249

35

,..57

Grolier's Encyclopedia .. KGB/CIA Factbook

Loom..

Secret of K?onkey Island .47

Secret Weapons of Luftwaffe 57

Stiertock Ifolines Detectlv« 2 ...45

Sleeping BeEJuty,,, .,,,,, ,,,.,39

Software JukeboK.. ,,.,45

Wing Commander/ Ultima 6 47

Wing Commander 2 Del u!(e.,,. CALL WC2/ Ultima Unden^rtd ........CALL

Wing Commander Deluxe ....47

MtLKximtim Presents! Maxx Yoke gives yoti the precision you I always wantetl. It'.s ;i Itill si/cd nuilti- J functional aircraft jovittLk hir vour PC

.Makes A Great Gifd S69.

] Maxx Pedais are floor stj-ie modular [attachments which are fully assembled and

[ ready to plug in and pbv, - S39.

Maxx Yoke & Peaal Bunaie....S99.

&:QfaK's Top 30.... 37

F'O^-fisnPiuS........... 47

Fasl PacK Masi , 57

Fom-. Tool Gold .,. 57

LegaS Lener Works 47

Msvis Beacon 2 Windows .,37

Not respKjnsibte for typographical errors.ChecK compatibility before

ordering. All Sales Final.

Defectives replace with same

tern onty.

Circle Reader Service Number 200

REVIEWS

Starting with an undevel- oped expanse of land along a large watenA/ay, you estab- lish the zoning for industrial, residential, and commercial areas. You build power plants, roads, tracks for light rail, parks, police and fire stations, airports, and a stadium. Then you string the power lines to your zoned ar- eas so construction can start.

That's all there is to it. Re- ally. The amazingly intricate and realistic programming takes it from there. You zone a sector residential, you provide power and trans- portation, and the sims (sim- ulated citizens) take over. You'll see tiny houses going up and minuscule automo- biles appearing on the roads. Of course, you'll need industrial and commer- cial zones nearby, or no one will move in— sims need plac- es to work and shop, you know.

You'll need to fine-tune things, which is the essence and joy of the game. If you build too much industry and rely on automobiles entirely, you'll soon learn the conse- quences of pollution. If you skimp on police protection, crime rates will skyrocket. These and a dozen other negative outcomes result in unhappy citizens, who move out and leave you pre- siding over an empty, decay- ing city.

As in real life, money makes all this work. The more citizens and business- es in your city, the larger the tax base. You start with seed money, but you have to earn tax revenues to build anything, maintain the infrastructure, and pay po- lice and firefighters. As in real life, it's a delicate jug- gling act to keep the servic- es going without increasing taxes beyond the citizens'

114 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

21 ^^'^ Jd3z3

-ilTJj^T:JT AJj^ ^r^M

SlmCttyrorWlndoiM

1 1. ir

E '- ':;J'*25I525522

SimClty for Windows, the latest version of the popular software game, lets you build and maintain your own city

willingness to pay.

There are joyous touches of delight in the game: The ti- ny stadium fills up periodical- ly with pinpoint-sized sims. and Lilliputian football play- ers move up and down the inch-long field. A traffic-re- porting helicopter shares the sky with airplanes, which occasionally crash in- to the city Earthquakes and a nuclear meltdown (if you've been adventurous enough to choose a nuclear power plant) may blight your city. A monstrous God- zilla creature may appear and stomp parts of your city to rubble.

The Windows version adds floating toolboxes, giv- ing you access to more of your map windows. You can open multiple maps and in- formation windows at once, and a ribbonlike master toolbar has been added. Ac- cess to game controls and in- formation is much easier.

If you already have SimCi- ty, you probably don't need to upgrade to the Windows version — that is, unless you're hooked on the game and use Windows most of the time. Then you'll love it. If you haven't joined the ranks of fledgling mayors yet, run (don't walk) to your

nearest software outlet and buy one of the SimCity ver- sions. You Ye in for a chal- lenging, addicting experi- ence. Games simply don't get any better than this,

RICHARD 0. MANN

IBM PC or compatible (80286 com- patible), 1MB RAM. EGA or VGA, hard disk, Windows 3.0 or higher; mouse recommended — $59.95

MAXIS

2 Theatre Square, Sle. 230

Orinda. CA 94563

(800) 33'MAXiS (510) 254-9700

Circle Reader Service Number 439

CALCULUS EZ-FAXIT

Computerized faxing is be- coming mainstream, So much so that Calculus, which specializes in network fax solutions, has intro- duced sophisticated models for home offices.

While the Calculus EZ- FAXit board and Windows software deliver beautiful graphics in a manner that's as easy to use as creating and printing documents, the price might make you think twice about the many advan- tages packed into this kit.

The version I tested car- ries a $299 list price for 4800-bps fax and Windows

software. The company's 9600-bps fax kit costs $499. These prices compare unfa- vorably to the £169-S279 price range found for compa- rable fax cards at two com- puter stores in my area — and those prices include 9600-bps fax and 2400-bps modem. Calculus does not have a modem— a distinct disadvantage, since you have to dedicate a phone line to the fax and give up a card slot to a modem so you can use your autodialer and online services.

The EZ-FAXit half-width card has two coprocessors that can send and receive fax- es in the background, so you can work without interrup- tion—a major advantage,

Installing the half-width card couldn't be easier, EZ- FAXit prevents headaches by automatically configuring itself during software installa- tion. This is an advantage, because if you incorrectly set switches on other fax boards, not only will the fax not work, but other devices will also fail.

Using EZ-FAXit is also sim- ple. Unlike other programs that require you to convert files to ASCII, exit your appli- cation, and load their fax soft- ware. EZ-FAXit works com- pletely inside your applica- tion. For instance, if you cre- ate a document in Microsoft Word for Windows and se- lect Print, a pop-up menu asks for the recipient's name and phone number. You can type it or select in- formation from a phone direc- tory which can hold an unlim- ited number of names. You can also select when to dial, saving money by schedul- ing phone calls during low- rate periods. Moreover, you can broadcast faxes to groups of colleagues, thus eliminating the need to re-cre- ate faxes or wait through the

DUN E-II

The Building of A Dynasty

ConquerArrakis this fail on yooriBMPC! far more inf&imation, pnclng and orders pteasgcaii 80B^HG'lN0l %r. Visa, Maskrpardr American Express atid chec!($ accepted.

Hnad«c.Sefvic» Nun^ber 163

REVIEWS

conversion process. These high-end features begin to jus- tify the price of EZ-FAXit.

People who have re- ceived my faxes say the 24- point Times Roman fonts and boxes printed beautiful- ly. This is a major advan- tage over other fax boards that strip out your formatting to present legible yet bland displays of information, usu- ally in 10-point sans-serif type.

EZ-FAXit sends faxes in the background, so you quickly get back control of your machine to work on oth- er projects. It even has clev- er sound effects: A success- ful fax yields a sound like Teddy Roosevelt charging up San Juan Hiil; a failed transmission sounds like you gave the wrong answer on a TV game show.

The board also receives faxes automatically. This is a bonus I appreciate when I think of colleagues who must demand prior notice so they can set up their ma- chines to receive faxes.

EZ-FAXit does have prob- lems. A graphics-heavy fax refused to print on my Hewl- ett-Packard LaserJet III. Re- ceived documents can't be easily viewed onscreen. Transmission takes about two minutes per page. And EZ-FAXit appears on your cover sheet, detracting from your company's image.

I wouldn't let those prob- lems overwhelm the pro- gram's other worthwhile qual- ities, however. It may not be perfect, but EZ*FAXit is easy to install and use, and it de- livers crisp graphics,

DANIEL JANAL

Calculus EZ-FAXit— $299

CALCULUS 1761 W. Hillsboro Blvd, DeerfJGid Beach, FL 33442-1530 (305) 481-2334

Circle Reader Service Number 440

116 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Calculus EZ-FAXit costs a lot but provides plenty of features— if only it didn't print EZ-FAXit on your cover sheet.

real work at hand. What's that? Learning, of course.

You'll need a CD-ROM drive and a sound card be- fore you can hear a peep from Composer Quest, which runs under Windows. Unfortunately, it doesn't take advantage of resolu- tions above the 640 x 480 of standard VGA, so you can't expand Composer Quest's display to fill the en- tire screen in 800 x 600 mode. A pity.

But looks aren't every- thing, as you'll quickly learn. Covering seven classi- cal and three jazz periods, this CD-RQM title lets you point and click your way from time line to historical pe- riod to composer in a matter of moments.

Most of the 35 compos- ers are represented by sev- eral of their most memora-

COMPOSER QUEST

Don't be fooled by Compos- er Quest's title. This multime- dia exploration may dream of snaring game players by simply doing some name- dropping, but that won't work Oues^ isn't always syn- onymous with game- Instead, appreciate Com- poser Quest for what it real- ly is — a miniature musical en- cyclopedia that plays snip- pets of famous classical piec- es, offers up a few facts about the periods, and dis- plays a smattering of bio- graphical information. Sure, there's a game here, one with a time-traveling motif and a game-show, name- that-tune mentality, but it's nothing more than an unnec- essary diversion from the

ble pieces. Want Wagner? You can play his "Ride of the Valkyries." Bach? Listen to Brandenburg Concerto no. 2. The selections are al! too brief (30 seconds or so) and leave you wanting more. Even worse, the most modern composers, includ- ing jazz greats such as Arm- strong and Ellington, are with- out music. Their work hasn't fallen into the public do- main—the obvious reason Composer Quest fails to in- clude much of anything from this century.

Historical tidbits from the period, and even some on- screen images of art and ar- chitecture, help to put the music in perspective. You can, if you want, take quiz- zes to see how well you know the biographical and historical material.

Or you can, if you must, play the time-travel game. You listen to the music and then try to guess its creator by traveling to the right peri- od, finding the right person, and identifying the right piece. This gets old faster than it takes to read this description.

Stick with Composer Quest's free-form explora- tion, and you'll be much hap- pier. You wonM drown in facts— you get little more than a wet toe. Composer Quest is an affordable and even entertaining way to learn something about the Western world's most fa- mous musical creators,

GREGG KEIZER

IBM PC or compatible (80386 com- patible); 2MB RAM; VGA; CD-ROM drive; Windows 3.1 or Windows 3.0 wfth multimedia extension; Sound Blaster. Ad Lib. or compatible sound board— $99

DR. T'S MUSIC SOFTV/ARE 124 Crescent Rd, Needham, MA 02194 (800) 989-MID!

Cfrcl© Reader Service Number 441

An Addilt|ye fliit(^^ Gam • Network.arid|Modem Compatible

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• Digitized Sound Effects "^

• Various pifficulty Setting

AVAfLABLE AT YOUR LOCAL SOFTWARE RETAILER OR DIRECT FROM NEW WORLD AT 1 -80 0-325- 88 98

(OR 1-81 8-999-0607 outside U.S.) P.O. BOX 4302 HOLLYWOOD, CALIFORNIA 90078^4302)

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3t New Worid Compu

Cf fcle Reader Service Humber 232

REVIEWS

COMPUTER CHECK ORDERIKG KIT

Into competition with Quick- en checks and other check printers connes an easy-to- use program from American Check Printers. The kit adver- tises that you "buy this kit once and get checks inex- pensively forever!"

For 20 bucks, you get a check catalog, 20 full-size check samples, an ordering disk, and a franked disk mail- er return envelope. The kit al- lows you to order computer pin-feed or laser checks com- patible with Quicken, Micro- soft Money, Quick Pay, MyBusinessCheckbook, MyCheckbook, Pacioli, Mon- ey Counts. Managing Your Money, Money Matters. Dol- lars & Sense, and Quick Books.

The box is covered with advertising and prices com- paring the prices charged by Intuit and other software companies for computer checks to American Check Printers' prices. The price may be the best part of the deal, since the kit price is much lower than the prices offered by banks and soft- ware companies for comput- er checks. The quoted pric- es show savings of as much as $10 over Intuit's prices and $20 over the bank pric- es for 250 pin-feed checks or 250 laser 'Vippies." (Atrip- pie is three checks on one 81/2- K 11 -inch piece of la- ser paper.)

You save an additional $5 keypunch fee when you use the ordering disk to place your first order, saving the company the trouble of input- ting the information. People are more careful about spell- ing when typing in informa- tion about tfieir own checks

118 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

than your average key- punch technician.

The software is keyboard- directed, with an adequate use of function keys to move the product along. An order cannot be written until all the necessary information is put in. One area the com- pany double-checks for the

toward any first order of checks, making the pro- gram virtually free. (Since 250 personal checks cost 329.95. taking the $20 cred- it and buying the extra 150 checks for $9.95 is a better deal than the 100 free checks.) Checks can be printed in three styles: Tradi-

Computer

Che& Ordering Kit

^^h;ll\]n^idl■:

• ItW Vtrc fftntat SiawtT Chevi»(ir

• %2a (W OH l-upn OKm»<«*

(\iinp;tl)hle VViih;

Computer Check Ordering Kit is a package that's compatible with many money-management programs. And it's a great deaf!

customer is the bank codes. You must include a voided check with the order so that American Check Print- ers can double-check the bank numbers and codes that you have entered, at no additional charge. The pro- gram's error checking is quite sophisticated and cor- rected me several times when I tried to enter a ficti- tious bank number. After all the error-checking parame- ters have been reviewed, the program prompts you to check the numbers one more time.

The software retails for $20, with a lower price at dis- counters, and you get 100 free checks or a $20 credit

tional, Professional, and Pre- mier. The Premier, which us- es laser color shading and a script style, is recommend- ed for architects and design- ers. The Professional style us- es parchment paper and Old English type and is rec- ommended for accountants, attorneys, and physicians. The Traditional checks use a color border with block let- tering and are recommend- ed for those who require less elegant checks. Most checks are available in green, blue, maroon, or gray.

After the first order, the software can be copied to your hard drive with DOS. Ad- ditional orders, for a differ-

ent account or to change the style of the checks, will require that you supply your own disk, disk mailer, and postage. But reorders can al- so be accomplished by catl- ing a toll-free number. The documentation is brief, but it tells you ail you need to know to run the software.

This new way to order computer checks is very quick, easy, and economi- cal when compared to other alternatives. It allows the computer user to customize his or her checks and to save money at the same time. Anyone who uses a computer to keep books with any of the 11 programs listed above should look in- to this inexpensive product.

ALFRED C. GIOVETTI

IBM PC or compatible— $19.95

AMERICAN CHECK PRINTERS 1259 El Camino Real, Ste. 310 Menio Park, CA 94025 (800) AMCHECK (800) 262-4325

Circle Reader Service Number 442

KODAK DICONIX 180SI

The Kodak Diconix 180si ink- jet printer packs a lot of pow- er In a small package. It's manufactured by the same people who make that film in bright yellow boxes.

Kodak has entered the mo- bile printer market. These printers— like the ISOsi and its bigger brother, the /Gl- are lightweight but powerful computer printers working from internal batteries or AC power. Kodak s aim is to sup- port the mobile office con- cept, where you take your laptop computer home or out on trips to continue working. A new-generation portable computer and a 180si togeth- er weigh about ten pounds.

The basic printer weighs

(800) 638-5757

Orders Only

Texel CD-ROM Drives

The Fastest Reader Available! HalfHeightlnternal $449

265ms average access lime, 64K buffer, 300KB/sec transfer rate {burst transfer of 1.5MB/sec), SCSI-2 interface, rugged manual eject bution,headphonc jack, volume control, self-cleaning lens, dust resis- tant seal , meets al I M PC spec ificationsXD- ROM X A compatible

External Version of above $559 Internal Kit $529

Kitlncludes internal drive, SCSlcard, cable, drivers, andcaddy

External Kit $629

Kitincludesextemal drive, SCSI card, cable,dri vers, andcaddy

S15.00

each

Chestnut CD-ROMS

Bibles & Religion

J udaiHn.ChnsKiantcy. Islam, New & Old testament vcriioriv.Btwkof Momon, leiicons& concorances

Clipart Goliath

0\ er 1 ! .OCX) imi^es in PCX andTlF format,5ome intvW coior -TIF/PCX, MAC, GIFfDrmais.

CoIossalCookbook

Over-i(KM> recipes with ciccllcntrccipecross-referenee and waith' 1 nc I udci health and nutritHKi guidci.nwal planmn^.iiLabeljeaiidlow c^n!tc'.[crl)ldtc1:^.cookingini^nlcltons,and^lo^c.Ovc^ 2000 fccipcfinMealMasterfonnaiJjncludei muiy elluiic snd ngktdJil speciiJrws pluN V in Ic % formal and Edna -format rcc ipei .

Deathstar Arcade Battles

Actionarcade ganiciiSpaot V* an.ihooi-em-upi.iutoracmi;, spoiti.casinogambljng.h^

Dictionaries& Laguage

CompiEatiOfiofdMrtionariei, diesaimises. word proeeisor^. siylcVsyntaxcbeclccrs. glossaries, lessors in Froich,Germaii,Ilaliaii, Hebrew, R ussian . Cecth.Creet. Japanese, Spaiusli, Canlonese. afld mote . Ijicli^les fnany huracrwjs glossaries, crtsiiiiord and CT>i«ogiain solvere, sjnel l-c hccfccis, plus the lalest vcntons of the lop shaitwire word processors

HAMRadio-v3

]{AM and S WL propams and data. IncJodes paclte! radio, sale I lite cwnmunications. frequency hits, equtpmcrit «fv»ct. design, mods, S STV . F AX, FCC reqtilations.exams.plas more,

OurSolar System

NASA and observalioEml photos of the planeti, moou!,. cornels, earth, and celeslial phenomena! Includes s.uif locaiofi. planetanuni pfogranis.astonomicaldiia, voyage simulators, NASA news releases, and mote.

SharewareOverload!

Over 6 ! 00 programs (al! in compressed format). Business. CI i pan. Communieaiions. EBS. Database. [iduc3iion. FiJiaoce. Games(lots), giraphics.MI 5c. appi icaiions. Programmer' sTool s. Rcl jpion . Sourel. Uiil ities. Window s^ based programs (tons).arvd WonlProcessors.

TooManyTypefonts!

Counties* typefonts in all fomwts: TraeTypt, Adobe Type Manager ( ATM ) . Adobe Type I . lATN'. alio coattiiu typef tee modifiers, foni

AmeTicanBusjressPhoncBlt-92 .. .40,00

BusincssBackgrounds 35.00

Bus ine ssMaster -.3000

CareeiOpportunities ..,..., J5 .00

Impro vi ng YourJo6&Carc« ....... 155 .00

IntemationalBusintss&iEcono 30.00

North American FA XBiXik .45.00

CI I pan & Or«f}hlCS

Ani mal sin . Motion 4 5 00

Aqii»iicAn-.,.H..-.«...™.,.-.„.— -.. 1 35,00 Anroora _., ..730.00

BatikDesigns,. — , „. 30.00

Bmiiie^!&BackgnMtncl$ _.>.... 35 .00

aipartGoliath _ -, 1 5 .00

CoatesAnReview tmprtisiooi 35.00

ComstocltDetktopPhologVol. 1 .. 1 80.(» CewiitoctDe sktopPhotog Vol .2 .... 80.00

Corel ArtsJiow .„ ..„ 90.00

CoiTlDra w , ., „.„„..„.,720.f)0

ElcctronicLibraiyof Art Vol, 1 ..„.,. .95 .00

ElccuonicLibraiy of Art Vol.2 95 .00

Fre:shArte.... ....„...., 35.00

FullS pecmimaipAfi , ,. 295.00

InurmationalGrapi^icsLJbrary 270.00

IslandDc signs 35.00

Jets&Props , , 50.00

Love lyLaditsIL„ „.. . 35 .00

Money >foMyJl40ttey!_ ....35.00

MothcrEanhU .„_ 35.00

NECa ip Ait3-D „ 390.00

N^OmageFol io 590.00

N'ECImageGaltey 390.00

NECPhotoGallery ,..,„.390.00

NBCTypeC jj loyU , 275 .00

NECTypcGalloy PS 350.00

PcoplcatLcisurc... 1 35.00

PeopleinOusiness ,......„- 1 35.00

Pi xe IGarden ...... ,,« „,«„.* .35.00

ProAfiUbrary I .^ ..„.. „.,. 375 .00

Pro.'^rtUbrary U „„ „.., 375 .00

PtoAnLi bnuy HL.-.-.. -.«„.- 375,00

PubUqucArte „„ „,.™,„„,„.„.40.00

Publisb4tl2J3 . -,.„ 30.00

QaicfcAnDeJtoe ^^„. «..„,., 270.00

QukitAitLitc . 180,00

Sealsof Lhetl.S.Govemment ..........50.00

SoMuchScTwnwajc 40.00

SpaceScncsrTbeSliuUle 65.00

SpaceScnes ; Ap&lb..., 40.00

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VoyagctothcPlaneisI.,.,,, , 50,00

Voy agetothePlanelsIl 50.00

Voy agcloibePtanetsm 50.00

Voy agaolhcStars Vol.1 ...60.00

Voyag«olhcSlanVol.2,... 75.00

VoyigrtotheSwfnVoa.„ 75.00

Wi IdPlaces 30.00

Woracnin .Motion 43.00

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Educational

AboutCows ...... „... ...... .30 00

AfricanWildlife 1 35.00

AllAbouiSciencc.. 36(MX)

tOUCBtloi

Animals!,"nie 3000

Annabc I ' sDream of AnctcnlEgypl. 80.00 A ud uban ' sMammak jmullimcdia . 30.00

Barney BeaiCoesloSchool 40.00

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BerlitzThink&TalkFrcnch , I «0 00

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BcriitiThink&TalkJtalian , I MO.OO

Berl itiThi nk&TaIkSpanish.,....l8U,t» BestLltcratureWorkbookiiveT,... 180,(X>

Com poser' sQuesi , .,. .50,00

Coniti lutionPapCTS ...,99.00

Cross* otdCracker , 20.00

EducarionMasler ... 2000

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Ho*<:[>-ROMsare^^ade ..,,.5.00

Improving>ourJob&CarecrPr,.. . 1 35 00 ]nm>duclor>OamesPrerKh( MFC. 40.00 ]ntroducioryCaji*.sSp4niili(MP...40.00

LcssoninAmcTicanHiirory..,. 1 25.00

Mastering-Math „ 1 60.00

Ma visBeaconTeachcsTyping 2. . ,., 30,00

MonarchNotes ., < 90.00

NaiionaKjeographicMammalt ,....,10.00

NaturalSciencesLibrary 370.00

PelicanCrealiveWriting .1 15,00

Presidcnts:UAIlSurtedW(di ....... 100.00

U.S. Civics, 40.00

M .S.Hi«Ofy 30.00

U .S.PreskJcnii ...- ™.......40.00

US A Wars: Civil Wii ..„„ 40.00

US A Wars: Korea 40.fJ0

USAWan; Vietnam ,..._ 40.00

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Ent«rtatnntent

Bey ondthe Wal tof Sl*r&:Tin 65 .00

CaseoftheCautiouiContJor 50. 00

Chessmaste jM/M .,.......„..„...„..,.,.40,00

Conan „ ., ..„ 30.00

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Future Wars 40 00

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Goldenlmmoftal

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JoneslniheFasi Lai»„.

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Loom ..,.,_„ ,40.00

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WingCommander+SecretMiiiio,. 33.00

WingCommander+UliimaVI 35.00

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Beaut) &theBeasl 40,00

Beethoven ' s9ihMPC. 75.00

BcstLiteratureWorkbookEvcr.,.. 180,00

BtitannicaFami lyChoice 95.00

ClassicCollcctionPlus:Sherl ....S5.00

ColossaJCookbook 1 5 .00

Complete Wori£s(2pack ) ..45.00

Complete WoritsOfS liakcspcare ... 25 .00 Complete WortsofSheilockHol .... 25,00

Grammy A wards ,...,..,.„ ...„,....,. 65.00

GreatLiterature , „ 95.00

Grcaie^iBookiCo llection 45,00

JuitGraiicmaA\k. ,.,..„„55,O0

N'ewBasicsElectiDrtJcCookbook ..95.00

PtlicauCnrati vcWfilins \ 15.00

PtterandtheWolf ^™,-„45.00

PlMtDoclof ...,43 .00

R cader ' sLi brary . , , * 25 ,00

ShcrlockHolmcNonDiM; .25.0(1

SleepingBeauty 40.f>0

TalkingClassicTales. 90,00

Talking] lingleSaf ari ., 90,00

AmplifiedSpeaJsetsfofCD-ROM ..30.00

Ciidies S.OO

CD- ROMDnveE*leni*l 299.00

CD-ROMDnveJnlemal 199.00

HcadphoDCsforCD-ROStPl>T:f% 1.00

Prt>g ramming

A DACollegiate. 550,00

ADAJoLineyman .,.., .,.„ 850,00

ADAWhiteSands. „ 95.00

CC D ■ ROM 90.00

M icrosof iProgranuncr*iU bmy . 395.00

MSDOSArchive^ 2,5.00

SomccCD-ROM 2000

Reference

1 98 SLMedical Yearbooks,..,. .mOO

I99arime.AliT3aiiac 4000

1991TimeAlmanac 120 00

l992GuinncssDi$cofKctoTds t^^m !992CiitmKssMoltimcdLiDivt;.... S.^i(M)

800CotlegtBoards 18000

AfricanWildlife 135 00

AmericanFamily Physician 360,00

AmericanHcri lagcEncycIopcd ia . , 95 0(1

Audtibaji'iBird.sof America. , ,.., 30.00

A udu ban'sMantmal sjnullimcdia. 30.00

B ibIeLi braiy „.„ 35 .00

B ibie vindRe I tgion 1 5 jOO

BookofLi 4ls*3 ...- .,..........„,.„, JOXW

BritannicaFamilyCbota....„......„.93i)0

Cancer ! 98* „ 1 95 DO

Cancer 1 989.... „255l»

CareeTOpportiinitics^„„ „„„...„..,3S JJO

ClAWorldFactbook!992 . .™„.20JXI

aAjKIGBWOTldFactboot 35.00

CoaiesAitReview:Impressioni „... 35.00

Compleie Aodubonf 2pack ) , .75.00

Comprchcn^ivcRcvtcwinBiolog 270,00

Fteferertce

Complon ■ sFam i tyEncy c lopedj i 630.00

Coi^tiiuiionPapers 99.00

CountriesoftheWofld 375,00

CriticaiCaTeMedidne- 85-89 360,00

CrosswordCracker 20,00

DictionartesandLanguage 15.00

Di ctionaiy oftheLivi ng World. .., .. 295 ,00

Elcc nonicHome Library ,„.35.00

ElecuonicLi brary Art: Wester. ...... .85 ,00

ElcctfonicU brary of Art Vol 95,00

E lectionicLibrary of Art Vol , ,., 95,00

Encyc Iopedia2.0„ , „ 55.0(.l

EncyclopediaJ.OtMyM) 65,00

Euiopean-Monarchs ...................... .40,00

Factson ft leNe w sDigest' 80- ,„ 795 .00

Fami ly CtacioT ^ 45.00

FoodAnily It ^.^ 40.00

FrontPagtNcw J ,„-...„. GreatLiterature

20,00

95,00

Creates iBooksCollectionf 1 50 45 ,00

HeaithandNursing ,......„., 3<«].00

Helgerion ■ sSourcrDi sk .. , 1 0 00

HiitoricalUbraiy ,350.00

HistoryorWestfxnCiviliiatio 1 15.00

In temationalB usines5& Econo 30.00

J oumabfTiauma ' S5-89 ... ..„ ,.360,00

Lcsko ■ si n formaiiortU.S .A, 1 00.00

Mac Mi I lanEhctjonuyf ortirhiid .... 30.00

Magazi ne Rxk 50,00

MK;rosoflBookshe!fl99l 195,00

MonarchjNoies „ 90.00

NaiionalGeogiaphicMammaJi ..... 30.00

N aturalSdencesLibrary ..,..„, 3 70 00

NewEnglandJoumalofMedicin ..360.00

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pled iatiic' sin fectiousDi sease 360.00

PcdiatncsinRcvicvi/RedBook ,..,140,00

PediatncsonDisc'!i3-91 ,3W>,00

PlaceNamelndex 720.00

PlaniDocTor „.,.,. ,,....45,00

Pra vda , ..240,00

PrescnptiooDrugs-A Phairaacis,,, ,70,00

ReferenceLibrary ._ ...„_.„.... .45,00

RogcrEbcn'sHome.MovieCompj 40.00

SH:outingReport:BajebairsBe 70,00

Seal w ftheU.S.Govcmraenl .,.,....., 50.00 Sof t wareTool workiEncyc lopedi .. S3 .00

TerronstGroupProfi le» JW.fXI

The A ircraf [Encyclopedia 65.00

ThtU S A SlateFactbook 45 ,00

TimeTable Hi story .„ ,. J5 ,00

TiineTra veJ er 1 1 5 .00

VitalSignsTTteGoodHeallJiR .......80.00

YearbookonDiic 1991 ,..„. 360.00

Srttrwara

America ' sPrcmiciShare ware. 40.00

Biuines-sMaster , 20.00

CaiifomiaCotlectioo .„.„ ., 20.00

DangerHoiStiiff! „. „.., 15.00

Day timeEspress(NiehtO*[>... 30.00

Game.VlasteT ,, ,,. 20.00

Goldenlminortal, ™...™.-..... 20.00

Himcai l.„..,.. 45 .00

LionSbare „ _ „ 40,00

■SRS

Mapi iitni _. ,. ..

M agnumSi ghi&Soufid „-...—...

NighlOwl6.l „„.^-..-,-

N ightOw 17

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PCBtue.....

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REVIEWS

wi^m

only 2.9 pounds, but batter* ies, printhead cartridge, and power adapter add a little more. It's only 2 inches high X 6.5 inches deep x 10.8 inches wide.

Power is provided by the AC adapter or by five C-cell nickel-cadmium batteries (not included). The batteries go in a unique place— inside the platen. Lifting the cover of the printer and rotating the platen reveal the battery com- partment. The batteries are automatically recharged when the AC adapter is plugged into the printer.

The 180si has a built-in trac- tor feed to use fanfold paper and forms. You can also print sheets of paper without perforations, like letterheads.

Print quality approaches that of a laser printer— and it costs you less money and weight. There are two print- quality settings. Draft is the faster: between 145 and 180 characters per second, de- pending on the size of the characters. Elite or 12-charac- ter-per-inch fonts print fast- est, such as the Prestige 12 selection on the 180si"s con- trol panel. Draft text is 96 x 96 dots per inch; draft graph- ics are 192 x 96 dpi.

The quality setting is slow- er— down to 36 cps for Pres- tige 12, and slower for larg- er type. But it gives much better quality, with both text and graphics at 192 x 192 dpi, rivaling laser printers (usually 300 x 300 dpi). Four quality fonts are built in, with draft mode for each.

The IBOsi emulates the Ep- son FX-85 and IBM ProPrin- ter. Many programs use the 180si easily, since those two printers are often supported.

I installed and tested the 180si with a number of pro- grams. It worked perfectly. In- stalling the printer driver in- cluded for Windows let me (using Adobe Type Manger)

120 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

Wilh the Diconix 180si from Kodak, you get a powerful, versatile printer that's easy to take on the road with your laptop.

The Flashdrive 25 offers portable hard drive storage, working well despite its relative slowness and battery-saving shutdowns.

print more than 200 fonts to the 180si using Windows 3.1^not bad for such a snnall printer.

There are two reasons you might want to purchase a 180si: if you take your port- able computer out of the of- fice and need a powerful— but equally portable— print- er, or if you want a printer that has graphics and text quality approaching that of a laser, but you would prefer not to mortgage your house to get it. At $399 suggested retail, the 180si is a good so- lution to both requirements. It's a nice little printer.

RALPH ROBERTS

Kodak Diconix 180si— $399 (parai- !el). S4 19 (serial)

EASTMAN KODAK

RO. Box 92894

Rochester. NY 14692-9939

(800) 344-0006

(716) 253-0740

Circle Reader Service Number 443

FLASHDRIVE 25

Weighing in at 1 Vs pounds with a battery life of about five hours, the Flashdrive 25 is an excellent choice for those needing extra porta- ble hard drive storage or those who use portables with- out built-in hard drives. Although I expect most

users will attach the Flashdrive to their portables or notebooks, I found it most convenient for transfer- ring large blocks of fifes and applfcations from my note- book to my desktop. I sim- ply installed the drive onto both computers and moved it from one to the other, it al- so saved me the trouble of in- stalling the same applica- tions on both machines. In this way ! created exactly the same environment on both machines. For those of us who travel or who have large amounts of data to move — between our home and office computers, for in- stance—the Flashdrive of- fers a convenient alternative to floppies.

Although the documenta- tion could be better (I found it to be skimpy, and not as clear as it could've been), most users will be able to connect the drive through the parallel port and install the necessary software. The drive comes preformatted and partitioned as two 32MB drives and one 19MB drive. On my system they in- stalled as drives D, E, and F. It's possible to reconfig- ure the Flashdrive using the software provided. Even though the Flashdrive con- nects to the parallel port, you can stili connect your printer through the standard parallel connector built into the Flashdrive.

I tried the Flashdrive on two notebooks, a Magnavox 386 and a Gateway 2000 No- mad 386SXL, with no prob- lems. I also attempted to in- stall it on four desktops with mixed results. I successfully installed and used the Flashdrive on a Tandy 4825 SX Multimedia 486SX and an old no-name 286 clone, f never was able to get the Flashdrive to operate on a Gateway 386SX/16 or a

Advertisers Index

Reader Service Number/Advertiser

Page Reader Service Number/Advertiser

Page Reader Service Number/Advertiser

Page

162 8-8IT G^ll

123 A Tech Software 136

271 Abfacadata 139

A!CS . . . , , 51

118 Amish Outlaw SharewarB Co 140

244 Antigrav Toolkit G-U

Apple 5

120 AT&T/Paracyne 13

152 Bear Technologies G-10

151 Bear Technologies A 31

134 BeiSoft .136

Best Personalized Books , , . .83

173 Blue Valley Software , . . . .136

218 Body Cello 137

Brantford Educational Svcs G-11

Brown Boxes G-IO

181 Caloke Industries G-10

241 CanCor Innovations . A-9

229 Cee-e4 G-10

149 Ctiips & Bits , . . 131

168 Citizen Americarr Corp 11

268 Cleveland Instutite of Electronics 129

266 Colorado Spectrum 133

269 Commodore 21

128 ComPro Software .137

220 Compsult G-23

150 Compsult 138

108 CompuServe 17

Computer Business Services B3

259 Computer Friends 259

270 Computer Liquidators 137

141 Computer Productions 140

125 Creative Labs 3

216 Creative Labs . 95

113 Creative Pixels Ltd G-14,G-17

226 Crosley Software 141

135 Cypress Software 141

154 De Vine Computer Sales . - A-5

161 Delphi .27

131 DemoSource . 135

208 Discount Software 127

122 Diskoveries G-17

253 Disks Q-Pienty Inc G-14

160 Disney Soltware 81

227 Dustin Software 73

175 D&K Enterprises 82

204 DC. Tme. Ltd . 89

Epson IFC.1

187 Epyx 38

217 Fairbrothers A-15

FGM Connection G'23

224 Finetastic Compulers ,....,.. A-7

115 Free Spirit Software 119

245 Friendly Soltwme 135

215 Genesis -Electronic Services A-27.A-31

GMAC/OlGsmobile 35

201 Gordon and Associates ................ 136

145 Grapevine Group G-13

Hi-Tech Management Systems .82

265 Home Base Products 133

234 Horse Fealliers Graphics G-7

239 Hypermedia Concepts . . A-13

272 IDD/lnteraclive Digital Devices A-9

16B Impressions 63

105 Interplay Ill

264 Intuit ,31

I'Molion 91

261 Jack Daniel's 57

231 Jackson Marking Products Co. 140

257 Jason-Ranheim 6-12

JP PBM Products by Mail . G-14

Kasara Micro Systems 6-17

163 KF-PD Software 6-17

206 Lance Haffner Games 138

157 LaserTech 140

117 Legacy Software 141

189 LWS Software .... 139

260 Mad Man Software 6-11

207 Mallard Software 75

119 Mallard Software 67

267 Masler Software 6-12

225 Maxximum Company 37,13^

221 Meggido Enterprises A-9

176 Merit Software 99

Micro Designs 6-14

180 MicroGrafx 55

196 MicroMagic Productions 137

205 MicroProse , 53

254 MicroProse , 59

200 Mission Control 113

191 Needham's Electronics 13fl

t^ew Car Price Line 124

235 New Media Graphics 139

232 New World Computing 117

Newbridge .125

263 Nordic Flex .... 124

NRI/Mc6raw Hill 65

192 Origin . 39

262 Origin FX 107

104 Panasonic 25

164 Parsons Technology 23

106 Partli Galen A-31

273 Passport Designs 15

186 Patch Panel Software 140

177 PC CompoNet, Inc . '. 137

PC Travel - 128

Pendragon Software 137

103 Penthouse On-line . .130

146 Peoples College . 122

153 Performance Periptierals . G-23

211 Ptione Tectinologies 45

194 Point'Of-View computing 133

185 Poor Person Software A-27

Power Disk G-14

Presto Print Books 83

193 Professional Cassette 132

165 Psygnosis 43

127 Psygnosis , . . . 61

Pure Entertainment 39

Q Enterprises Software G-14

212 SaleSoft Systems. Inc 140

116 SeXXy Software 136

148 Sierra On-line BC

109 Smart Luck Software 141

138 SMC Software Publishers . A-31

121 SMC Software Publishers 136

182 SoftLogic Solutions 31

126 SoftStioppe Inc .... , 141

210 Software Support International 210

190 Soltware Support Int'l G-9

SOGWAP Software .. , , A-9

SOGWAP Software . , . G-7

236 Sole Source Systems 139

184 SONY . . . . 6.7

252 Soarks Electronics . G-17

123 Star Graphics . 108

203 Star Micfontcs 19

13D Starware Publistiing 140

230 Stepway 1 Software 29

143 Strategy Plus 105

179 SubLogic 103

112 Syracuse Language Systems 140

147 Thrustmaster , 135

242 Tycom Inc G-10

256 US Robotics ........ . . IBC

258 Vector-Curlin G-17

195 Virgin Games 87

163 Virgin Games 115

155 Virgin Games 109

172 Wedgwood Computer 141

237 Whiz Kid Productions 141

Windows 900 138

110 V/Ol Direct/ICS 33

114 Zeros & One's , 123

228 Zipperware A-27

Income Opportunitiy Mart 82,83

Product Mart ..... 134,135.136.137,138.139.140,141,

Classfieds 143.144

Amiga Single Disk Order A-21

COMPUTE Best Utilities A-27

COMPUTE Books 82.126,134 A-13.A22.A-25,A-30

Gazette Disk Index G-13

Gazette Disk Library .6-2

Gazette Disk Subscription 6-7

Gazette Pro<]uctivJty Manager 6-19

Gazette Sepcialty Disks 6-21

SharePak Disk Subscription 89

CREDITS

Cover: creative and digital photo illustration by Nexvisions; page 4: Ellen Schuster/Image Bank; page 10: Mark Wagoner; page 12: Mark Wagon- er; page 18: Mark Wagoner; pages 40-41: J. T. Morrow; pages 70-71 : Radenchich; pages 78-- 79: Mark Wagoner; page 80: Mark Wagoner; page 84: Jose Cruz; pages 92-93: Mark Wagon- er; pages 96-97: Mark Wagoner; pages 100- 101: Peter Menzel; page A-3: Greg Couch/Image Bank; page G-3: Larry Keenan/lmage Bank.

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FEBRUARY 1993 COMPUTE 121

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REVIEWS

Wyse Decision 386/40. however.

Since the Flashdrive operates through the parallel port, you'll find the drive a bit slower than internal drives. And since the Flashdhve uses the bat- tery-saving technique of shutting down when it's not being accessed, you'll find the same delay as when re- starting the dnve if you're running it on battery power.

Although I found the Flashdrive quite satisfactory and can recommend it to those who need portable hard disk storage, my experience suggests that if youVe thinking about buying the Flashdrive, you should be sure to pur- chase it with the right to a full refund if you discover that it's not compatible with your computer.

STEPHEN LEVY

Flashdrive 25— S299 (20MB). S459 (40MB). $599 (60MB), $699 (80MB), and $849 (130MB)

BSE

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Flagstaff, AZ 86004

(602) 527-8843

Circle Reader Service Number 444

ROBOSPORT FOR WINDOWS

Ever since Muse Software released Ro- bot War for the Apple il computer ten years ago, computer gamers have had a love affair with computer robots, com- peting against each other in nation- wide tournaments. RoboSport by Max- is, the creators of SimCity, SimEarth, SimLife, and SimAnt, is the newest en- try in this love affair with computer ro- bots. The technology has changed enough that RoboSport has a chance of clanking its way to the forefront and becoming the new robot tournament software.

RoboSport is a strategy game that provides for the robot-programming commands to be made in advance of the battle, which proceeds in a simul- taneous combat mode. RoboSport pits as many as four teams, composed of up to eight robots each, against one another. Robots can be controlled by computer or human. The computer- controlled robots can be set to any of four levels of artificial intelligence, from stupid to ferocious. The human- controlled robots are programmed or edited; then you can watch an animat- ed "movie" of how the conflict turned out using the game's VCR feature. Cy- cles of editing and viewing results can continue until the time set for the game runs out or one team is declared

the winner. You win by completing the game goal or incapacitating all enemy robots.

RoboSport provides for up to five types of games, or "sports, " with differ- ent goals, such as survival, capture the flag, hostage rescues, treasure hunt, and even a baseball variant, which re- quires the robots to touch all four bas- es in the corners of the battlefield in or-

With RoboSport for Wnidows, Maxis iosses its sensors into the robot battle ring,

der to win. RoboSport has three basic battle sets: the suburbs, rubble, and computer it can be played on seven types of terrain, with four levels of robot intelligence, five types of robots, eight types of weapon systems, five sports, five beginning formations, four game lengths, up to four teams, and up to eight robots per team, giving the game an impressive variety of condi- tions to interest the most discerning ro- bot warrior

The eight increasingly destructive and longer-ranged RoboSport weap- ons systems include rifle, burst, auto, grenade, missile, zap (a high-energy, low-frequency burst), time bomb, and kamikaze. The five types of robots have different armor protection and weapons systems. The stealth robot is unique in that it cannot be seen unless moving or scanned from an adjacent square. Hitting a robot when firing is de- termined by the length of the scan and the speed of the target. Damage is cal- culated from the range, angle of fire, and armor protection of the target; it's subtracted from the total remaining damage points of the robot.

The mouse-controlled window inter- face makes use of Windows 3.1 sound support; no DOS version of the game is planned. The Super VGA graphics support gives 800 x 600 res- olution and a 256-color palette. The doc- umentation indicates that you can ex- perience a performance decrease if you have a number of programs run- ning when in 386-enhanced mode. Ro- boSport can be played with up to four human players on the same computer, on two computers over a null modem or telephone modem, and on up to four machines on a network. Modem

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Circle Reader Service Number 114

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124 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

IMPORTANT NOTICE

FOR

COMPUTE DISK

SUBSCRIBERS

COMPUTE offers two different disk products for PC readers; tile SharePak disk and PC Disk. ShorePok is monthly and has a subscription price of $59.95 for 5V4Hnch disks and $64.95 for 3V2-inch disks. A subscription to ShorePok does not include a subscrip- tion to the nnagazine. PC Disk appears in odd-num- bered months and has a sub- scription price of $49.95. which includes a subscription to the PC edition of COM- PUTE. You con subscribe to ei- ther disk or to both, but a sub- scription to one does not in- clude a subscription to the other.

eiEws

play from Macintosh to IBM is support- ed, as well.

RoboSport is not a realtime arcade game, nor is it your traditiotial war game. RoboSport may take a long time or a short time to play Purchase with caution, though: Many will enjoy the process of programming comput- ers for viewing the outcome, while oth- ers may find it a tedious process,

ALFRED C. GiOVETTI

fBM PC or compatible (12 MHz or faster): 2MB RAM; Hercules, EGA, MCGA, VGA, or 256-color SVGA; hard disk with 3MB free; Mtcrosofl or com- palibfe mouse; Windows 3.0 or higher— $59.95

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1510)254-9700

Circle Reader Service Number 445

HONEYWELL OPTO-MECHANICAL

A mouse is a mouse. Or is it? Usually there isn't much you can say to sepa- rate one mouse from another. Is the mouse easy to install? Today, most mice are simple to install, and most new mice are both PC and Windows compatible.

Such is the case with the new Hon- eywell Opto-Mechanical mouse. How does the mouse feel in your hand? Is it easy to control? Again, the Honeywell mouse passes muster with a comforta- bly rounded shape that contours nice- ly to the hand, Its buttons aren't too stiff when clicking, handling smoothly.

In other words, this serial mouse passes all the tests. But what sepa- rates it from others I've tried is the new x-yaxially inclined transducer technol- ogy that is used instead of the stan- dard ball mechanism. Unlike other mice, the Honeywell mouse doesn't get contaminated by surface dirt, which of- ten causes mice to become less relia- ble. In place of the usual ball, the Hon- eywell mouse has two small, round, plastic sensors which detect the x-y position and move the cursor. This mouse doesn't need to be cleaned! It can be used with or without a mouse pad on almost any surface you're like- ly to use.

I used this mouse with several appli- cations, including Quattro Pro, Page- Maker, Word for Windows, Excel, Win- dows, and GeoWorks (and its various applications). I also used the Opto- Mechanical mouse to play games, in- cluding Links golf. Solitaire's Journey Lemmings, and King's Quest. For

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JIM SEYMOUR'S PC PRODUGIVITY BIBLE

Jim Se)7nt)iir

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REVIEWS

each of these, the mouse functioned as expected.

Although I found the Hon- eywell mouse to be reliable and easy to install it wasn't noticeably more sensitive or less sensitive than others I've put to the test. The use of sensors rather than a bail means the mouse will prob- ably last longer than the stan- dard ball mouse. Although I wouldn't recommend that you run out and immediate- ly replace your standard mouse with this new technol- ogy, you'd be wise to consid- er the Honeywell Opto-Me- chanical mouse when you need a new or replacement serial mouse.

STEPHEN LEVY

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QUEST FOR GLORY I

Released in 1989, Hero's Quest is arguably the most ambitious Sierra On-Line un- dertaking and probably the most satisfying game in the Sierra family. Hero's Quest ef- fectively combines the statis- tical character development features of a role-playing ad- venture with the basic side- scrolling, third-person per- spective, interconnected scene-based interface of a graphic adventure. Quest for Glory {. the completely re- worked remake of the origi- nal game— rotoscoped and icon driven, with 20-frame clay animation, 256-color VGA graphics, and en- hanced stereo sound— is in many ways a significant improvement.

To the chagrin of some and the delight of others, gone is the original text pars- er, now replaced with an icon-directed "conversation tree" communication sys- tem. One general question leads to many additional,

126 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

more specific choices of top- ics to discuss, which are add- ed to the conversation tree. After experimenting with the intuitive graphic icon mouse pointers, the game piayer should discover the correct location to click with the right combination of icon and object to get the de- sired result. The emphasis in the game is still firmly root- ed in conversations and puz- zles, not combat, even though combat opportuni- ties abound if you're so in- clined. The only real disap- pointment is that the chance of getting a speaking CD- ROM version is considered remote, considering both the already ambitious Sierra CD conversion schedule and the 80 actors and more than 6000 lines of conversa- tion needed to be profession- ally recorded.

The three-dimensional, clay animation, rotoscoped graphics are the most strik- ing feature of this game (and will be used in future games). Each of the more than 40 characters or crea- tures is molded— in both full torso and "talking head" ver- sions— with modeling clay, which is photographed by a stop-action movie camera in black-and-white, giving the characters a realistic and be- lievable three-dimensional ef- fect, complete with shadows and nuances of expression. Each character has been giv- en a little personality of its own, dedicated to the pur- pose of entertainment. Pho- tographed at 20 frames per second, the film, which pro- vides smooth and realistic an- imation, is then rotoscoped onto the compuier, where the image is colorized with a 256-color palette by a com- puter artist, pixel by pixel. To quote one previously skeptical Sierra artist, "The re- sults are amazing.'* Even Stefan Spielburg (the strange- ly familiar name of the baro- nial ruler of the town and its surrounding countryside, the setting for the game) would be happy with the results.

Even if you've played through the original Hero's Quest, you should look at

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Master Card, Visa A.Tierican E>:press & Discover Accepted. Ho Surcharge on Credit Cards . By mail: P.O. Box 3. Carteret, N.J. 0700e. All Sales Are Final. !*D RErJNDS! Exchange on defective merchandise with the uams item only. No oxceptions. All Products are new. We do not guarencee cocnpatability , Shipping charges: 46 contiguous states, S4 per order, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico $10 1st pc. . Si ea. add. APO/FPO and P.O. Boxes %fi 1st PC. $1 ea. add, Canada Se 1st pc. Si ea.add. Heavier items extra. Foreign orders call for shipping charges. N.J. Residents add sales tax. Call for current price and a va i 1 ab i 1 i ty . COVERHEf«JT kim SCHOOL P . O . ' s WELCOMED . * * Does no - include closeouts, liquidations, or limited quantities and product must be shipping, for your protection, ve will only ship to the address the credit card cotrpany has on file.

CIrctd Reader Service Number 208

CHEZ BRUNO,

TOVAtsS'KiAV

"But I thought our guide gave this place 3 stars!"

PC Guide to Goof-Proof Dining !

PC Travel's new guide to America's Best Restaurants is today's most com pie le and up-to- date personal computer guide to the best restau- rants, and the best buys, in 45 major American cides. And since it's a nadonal consensus guide, you benefit fi^om the combined opinions of experts from travel and food magazines, as well as major newspapers - people you can trust.

Best Restaurants... AND Best Values - For twent)-

four types of cuisine, you'll have the details on over 3,000 restaurants, noting where they're located in terms of proximity to hotels, airports, business centers, etc. Then they are rated by price and qualits^ (1 to 4 stars). It also displays the best buys within six price categories., .in an instant !

Up-To-Date - We all know that in the restaurant business, nothing is foreven So, unlike other guides, PC Travels Guide to America's Best Restaurants is updated every six months. Other guides are often outdated before they* re printed.

More And Better Data - Unlike other guides, you'll have more details on chefs' specialties, wine cellar ratings, location, hours of operaUon, proximity to hotels - and even "desserts to die for !*'

Great For Laptops - if you're at 30,000 feci and rimning late, you can make (or alter) lunch or dinner plans while you travel. So take the diskette with you. Or simply print out all the information you might need before you leave.

Drder Now... And We'll Throw In London And Paris!

Our regular retail price is $49.95, but for first- time buyers, w^e're offering it at an introductory price of only S34.95 ... and we'll also include free our just-completed restaurant guides to London and Paris.

Note: Requires an IBM PC' or compatible with DOS 2.1 or higher, a high densit)^ disk drive, and 640K of memory.

Have your American Express, Visa or MasterCard handy and call, toll-free,

1-800-635-9777.

llANorks on V^lindows

PC Travel

Guide To America's Best Restaurants

5266 HoUister Avenue, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 • (805) 683-0301 • FAX (805) 683-7596

i . A A

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REVIEWS

this exceptional total remake of the game. The art is fantastic. The new ste- reo nnusic soundtrack is wonderful (ex- cept for the glitch that turns off the mu- sic in the last few scenes of the game). The plot remains as delightful and inter- active as in the original. The totally re- written text by the original design team of Corey and Lori Cole, who have very deep roots in the pen, pen- cil, and dice role-playing games, is more fun, more witty, more suspense- ful, and better written than that of the original.

Whether or not you bought the orig- inal, there are many features that make this hybrid roie-playing- cum-graphic adventure a must-buy for your collection. When you consider the new discounted prices, the updated highly intuitive interface, the stunning graphics, the new script, the updated soundtrack, and the high quality of the upgrade, it's hard to resist.

ALFRED C. GIOVETTI

rSM PC or compatible (80286 compatible); 640K RAM: 16-color EGA, 256-color VGA, or Tandy VGA; hard disk: mouse recommended: supports Thunderboard, Pro AudioSpectrum. Ad Lib, Sound Blaster, Roland MT-32, and Sound Source— $34.95

SIERRA ON-LINE

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TEMPEST

Housekeeping is a chore In any sense of the word, and computer housekeep- ing is no exception. Your hard disk has grown bigger and bigger, and it holds lots of files, many that youVe probably forgotten. Every now and then, a little cleanup and management is called for, and even with the improvements in DOS 5.0, file management from the DOS command line is a tedious, time- consuming task. The TEMPEST pro- gram is designed to ease that task for you, and it does a very nice job.

The program presents you with a screen containing three windows, a menu bar, and a toolbar Two of the win- dows show icons representing the con- tents of your computer. At the highest level, you see your drives, both flop- pies and the partitions of your hard disk. Double-click on a drive, and the window changes to show the contents of the root directory of that drive. Dou- ble-click on a subdirectory, and you see its contents. When an icon is se- lected by a single click, another click

130 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

on the Information too! of the toolbar brings up information on that item. For a drive, you see the type, capacity, free space, and number of files and subdirectories. For a directory, the in- formation is name, number of files and subdirectories, byte size, and date and time of creation. For a file, you see name, size, date, and time.

A very powerful feature of the pro- gram is that the tv/o icon windows are independent and you can switch be- tween them simply by clicking. You can have a different drive in each win- dow, at any level, or you can have dif- ferent levels of the same drive. The third window presents the tree struc- ture of the selected drive or directory.

One of the tools of the toolbar cop- ies or moves a file or directory. To use it, you select an item in one Icon win- dow, bring up the destination directo- ry in the other icon window, click on the tool to select Move or Copy, and drag the icon to be moved from one win- dow to another. TEMPEST gives you a progress report as the action takes place; it will show an error message if the destination has too little space for the item to be moved. A very conven- ient aspect is that if you're moving, cop- ying, or deleting a directory TEMPEST will act on the entire contents.

An attractive feature of the program is the variety of its icons. Default icons are provided to show the two types of floppy drives and a hard drive, a direc- tory symbol, and different representa- tions for the various types of files. TEM- PEST assigns icons to files based on the file extension and will portray exe, com, sys, and bat files differently. There is a generic icon for files with an unassigned extension. !f you wish to be creative, you can draw your own icon and assign it to a file extension.

With all its attributes, TEMPEST de- serves better documentation. While there are numerous help files— and with a little persistence you can discov- er what you need^t would be much more convenient if the manual offered such information as a description of the function of the tools in the toolbar,

Aside from that, I consider the pro- gram a very valuable utility. Modest in its appetite for disk space— about 1MB— and selling at a very modest price, its file management capability compares well with that of Windows.

CHARLES IDOL

IBM PC or compatible. EGA or VGA, hard drive; mouse recommended— $29.95

ABACUS

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Circle Reader Service Number 448 G

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FREE GAME WITH EACH ORDER OVER STOP CALL 800 753 GAME

IBM WARGAME5 Action Stations S29

Action Statiorjs Seem SU AmerCMlWar1-3EaS22 Battles of Napoleon S2^ Blitzkrieg Ardennes S2^ Bravo Romeo Delta 53* Campaign S29

Carriers at War S39

Carrier Strike S42

Carrier Strike Bxp Pack S19

IBM STRATEGY

Civilization S39

Crvilization Master Ed S45 Conquered Kingdoms S38 ConQuesl of Japan S34 Control ol the Seas $32 Crisis in the Kremlin $42 Dark Seed S39

Dark Star $36

Discvry Steps ColurrbL;sS34 RrasonLflld "$13

Charge Light Brigade S34 Civil War SSI S42

Conflict: Korea S35

Conflict: Middle Hast S36 Decision at Gettysburg S29 Dreadnoughts S42

Dreadnoughts: Ironclads S29 Dreadnougf^ts: Bismafft S29 Fire Brigade S34

Reel Commander S39 GEW QTRS GAMES S26 Gettysburg :Turning Pnl $36 Great f^aval Battles *--S45 Great Naval Battles Exp St9 Harpoon S25

Haspoon Design r Series S32 Harpoon Set 2 or 3 SI 9 Harpoon Set 4 S24

Harpoon Challenger PakS42 Harpoon Chall Pack SE $49 High Command S44

Kanpfguppe $37

Line in m Sand $27

MacArthur^sWar S29

Pander Battles S22

Patriot ^-^

Patton Strikes Back S27 flomme! North Africa S24 Rorites Dnft S34

Secor^ Front S36

SIM CAN GAMES $36 Spoils ot War S34

Storm Across Europe Si 2 Third Reich S27

Typhoon of Steel $12

UMS2 S19

UMS 2 Planet Ediior $23 V for Victory ^-$44

Velkiye Luki $37

Victory at Sea S37

Western Front $36

Whte Death S24

Dune S29

Dune 2 S42

El Fish $41

Empire Deluxe S39

Fighting for Rome $34

FireTeam2200 $24

Fort Apache $34

Gemfire S37

Global Conquest S39

Global Etfea $32

Imndo S37

Kosh an Conspiracy S32

\BU STRATEGY
Rampart	S27
Realms	S29
Red Zone	S32
Renegade Legion lntrcptS12
Romanc 3 Kngdm 1 or	2 $42
Rules of Engagement 2 S38
Second ConllfCtWI^J	S34
Seven Cittes of Gold 2	S3a
Siege	S38
Siege Expansion Disk	S19
Sim Ant	S37
SimCity	S29
Sim Earth, Life or Farm	S41
Sim Earth 2000	S42
Star Control 2	S37
Staftleei 1	S17
Si&;_L§3mi	^m
Task Force 1942	S39
Theatre of War	e^32
Traders	S19
Unnaturai Seection	S32
Utopia	S31
Viking Fields of Conqst S37
Warlords	S24
V/ar1ords2	S42
Worlds at War	S24
IBM ADVENTURE
Advnts Willie Beamish 2 S39
Amazon	S39
Castle Woffenstein 3D	S37
Coaster	S32
Codename Iceman a	S39
Colonel Bequest 2	$39
Conquests of LongbOA	S39
Cniise for a Corpse	S34
Cybercon 3	S29
Dark Half	S34
OeiaVu2Los!inLV	"S12
Demon s Gate	S36
Don't G5i_Alonf	"$13

IBM HARDWARE Ad bb Sound Card S49 AdUbGoidtOOO $179 Ad Lib Speakers Si 5

AdvGfavis Ultrasound SI 29 Flight Slick S37

Flight Slick w Falcon $42 Pro Audio Speclrum16$1 99 Pro Audio Spctrm Plus $139 Sound Blaster S99

Sound Blaster Pro $189

GAME MAKER'

allcvi'S you to cre- ate 256 color VGA adventure and ar- cade games with- out programming. Features sound support, multiple levels per game, import images from .GIF files, charaC' ter & rrvonster ani- m*abn, scrolling in all directions, add or subtract hit points, lives, score and money. $58

Lemmings 1 or 2 $^

L'Empereur S37

Liberty or Death S37

Lost Admiral $24 Lost Admiral Enhanced S44

Mega Lo Mania S31

Merchant Colony $34

Microcosm $32

Monarch $33

New World Order S33

Nobunaga 1 or 2 $37

'SPACEWARD HO!" takes you to the stars as you explore and con- quer the galaxy. You allocate funds & resources to build amiadas, in- hatjit & terraform planets, research nev/techno!ogies. Features an ad- ustable galaxy size, number ol players up to 19, network and mo- dem play. S38

IBM STRATEGY

A Train S42

Air Bucks $34

Ai r Force Comman der $34 Armada 2525 S29

Battle Isle $32

Battle Isle Seen Editor S22 Battles of Destiny $36

Buzz Atdrin Race Space S42 Castles 1 or 2 $36

Castles 1 North m Camp Si 9

Operation Combat "$1^ Pacific Theater of Oper $42

Paladin 2 $34

Pelect General $38

Perfect Gen Disk 1 or 2 $23 Perfect General 2 $44 Populous 2 S33

Power Monger *-S34

Power Monger VMI $31 OOP Bundle $59

Railroad Tycoon S34

Elt $24

Free DC $24

Gateway $36

Heaven & Earth 532

Hook $32

HUMANS $24

Indy Jones Fate Atlantis 838 Jack the Ripper $38

King's Quest 5 VGA 339 King's Quest 6 VGA S45 Leather Goddesses 2 S42 Legend of Kyrandia S35 Leisure Suit Lan7 5 S34 Leisure Suit Lrry Bundle $39 Lost Files ShrlcX Hlms^^-S44 Lost Treasures [nfocom2S32 Out of this World S36

Plan 9 from Outer Space S3 1 Police Quest 2 or 3 S34 Rex Nebular Cos Gen B $39 Riftwar Legacy S39

Risky Woods $24

Seen Monky Isind 2 S3B Sex Olympics $24

Sex Vixens from Space Sl2 Sierra Adventure Bundle$39 Space Guest 3 $34

Space Quest 4 or 5 S39 Space Quest Bundle S39 Spaceward Ho! 533

Spellcasting 201 S36

Spellcasting 301 S34

Startrek Z5th Antversry $36 Star Trek Nexl GeneratnS46 Summoning <^3@

Time Quest S12

WaRer S32

Warhors of Legend S19 Where Amrcas Pst CSDS37 Where Europ, USA, tJmeSSO Where WoridCSDDIx $49

IBM SPORTS

PGA Tour Golf $32

PGA Tour Golf Lid Edt $45 Pro Foottiall Analyst $24 fload to the Final Four S37 Tom Landry Football S29 Tony LaRussa Baseball $19 T LaR Fantasy Manager $15 TLaRussaStadiums $15 TLaRTeams1901-68 $15 Woild Circuit $34

■^■1		^■'AMAZON^recap-
^m		^■turesthefunotthe
	^J^M 195Crsdr^e^mov-
	'^H tes. 1 ravel lo un-
^■HH		'^'^B explored regions of
^Hii^lB		i^H the Amazon, tiqni
^HB^		^H 10 foot ants, and:
^^^?JkT		^H find emerakls sto-
^HlH	^H ten byCor^ Amaz<
^^^^^■L	^^^tTK] Cinematic e1-
^^^^1		^H fects such as mul-
^^^^^1		^^^tipfe camera
^^^^E	^^1 ar>gles,Eiashbacks,
^^^^IH	^^P zooms, pars. &
^^^^^1		^H fades. Features full
■K	Ii^Bp^Wm	f^M digitized voices & HH sound effects. S39

Sound Blstr Pro Basic SI 59 Snd Blaster Speakers $15 Soynd Star Sound Brd "S29 Thmswasier Joystick $69 Thrus!mstrProJoystickS109 Thn;s;mstr Weapn Cntrl $79 Thnjs'jnstrRuddrCntrl$109 Thun(}er Board SodBrd S84 Thunder Board WIN $109 Thunder Board Spkrs $15 Victeo Blaster S349

IBM SPORTS All Amencan CoSlege Fb$36 APBA Baseball $28

APBA1908-9lEa $21 APBA Basketball S34

APBA Bowling $14

APBA Football $34

E s pa r^a Games $24

Front Page Football £39

Greens £34

GretsKy Hockey 2 $34

Hardball 3 $34

Hardball 3 Players Disk $19 Hardball 3 Stadium Disk S19

J CorY>ers Pro Tennis $32

LH 3 in 1 Football ^

LH Boxing $36

LH Full Count Baseball $36

LH Hockey $36

LH Pra Basketball $36

LH Ulility Disks $16

Links Golf $29

Links Course 1 -6 Ea $17

Links 336 Pro Golf 842

Li nlcs 386 Pro Courses $20

MaddghFoattiftiLE *-$^

y3a^Q.hh5AF.£t.BjJs "$12 ML Basbll 4 USA Today $31 ML Franchise Disks Ea S20 Micro^eague Basketball $28

IBM AD & D

AD&D Collectors Ed 2 $45 AD&D Starter Kit $45

Champions of Krynn $19 Dark Queen of Krynn $32 Dark Sun $37

Death Knights of Krynn $20 Dragons of Flame S12 Eye of the Beholder S19 Eye of the Beholder 2 S38 Gateway Savge Frontr S32 Pool of Darkness $38

Secret of Sliver Blades S'5 Shadow Sorcerer S'5

Treasurs Savage Fron:r S32 War of the Lance S 9

IBM BOLE PLAYING Bard's Tale 3 S32

Bard's Tale Constrct Sets 19 Battletech 2 S3i

Black Crypt S32

Buck 2: Matrix Cubed S32 Cellc Legends S32

Challenge of 5 Realms $■14 Champions $37

CHARACTR EDITORS S16 Cobra Missi-on S44

Cyber Empire S32

Cyberspace S32

Dark^jids $39

Dungeon Master $34

Dusk of the Gods $24

Elvira lor 2 £29

Flames of Freedom SS8 Hero's Quest 2 $21

Hero's Quest 3 $39

Joan of Arc $12

Lord of the Rings 1 832 Lord of the Rings 2 S37 Lore master S39

Lure of the Temptress S37 M S45

ML Football Deluxe	$39	Magic Candle 1	$12
ML Football 2	$39	MaqicCandfe3	aae
MichaetJordanFliSim $44	M?gatr?v^ier2o<^ani	"$24
Microsoft GoJI WIN	S39	Megatrave!ler3	S3S
Mike Oitka Football	S32	Might* Magic 3	$38
f^FL Challenge	$60	Mights Magic 4 or 5	$46
NFL19S4-19e7Ea	$15	Pirates GokJ	£34
Na 1988-1991 Ea	$22	Planets Edge	S38
Na Football	$31	Rirv^oIMetJusa	"S24
Na Proieague Football $19	Sea Rogue	$39
Ncklaus Signature Edit $39	Srilin?!WQritfS	"$1£
Circle Reader ServJce Number 149

tBM ROLE PLAYING

Shadowlands $30

Space Hulk S38

Space Inc S34

Spellbound ^9

Spellcraft Aspects Valor $38 SeeLtJammLP[rais_RS <-S38 Starilighl 1 or 2 $17

Sword ol the Samurai S 9 Tales Magic: Prophcy S $38 Tbird Courier "$t2

Twilight 2000 S34

Twilight 2001 S39

Ultima Trilogy $35

Ultima Trilogy 2 $45

Uitima 6 False Prophet $39 Ultima 7 Black Gale $46 Ultima 7 Forge of Virtue $19 UtSima 7,5 Serpent Isle S46 Ultima Stygian Abyss $48 Uncharted Waters S42 Waxworks $34

Wizardry 5 $32

Wizardry 6 Cosmic Frg $37 Wizardry 7 Crusaders $39

IBM TRADITIONAL 3 m 1 Players Pack "$£4 Acquire $15

Anura "S24

Backgammon WIN "S24 Battle Chess WIN $29 Battle Chess 4C00 $36 Blackjack DOS WIN $16 Bndgemasier $29

Cef>terfold Squares $21 Chessfflaster3000WWS3e Chess Net "^

Dealers Choice Poker $29 Edward QThQfpeBJ "Si4 Femmes Fatale $26

F Fatale Data Disks $18

!BM SIMULATION

Eye of the Slorm $29

FIITANighthawk $42

F15 Strike EagSe 3 $44 FigstearthRghter S24 F22 ATF S39

Falcon 3-0 $45

Falcon 3,0 Scenario 1 $24 Fty Grand Canyon 3D $45 Gunship2000 $39

Gunsh(p20OOScenDskS24

HINT BOOKS

A Tram $16

AD&D HINTBOOKS StO

Civilizalion S16

Dungeon Master $10

D^m Great War Planes $16 Global Conquest w/Disk S21 Gunship2000 $16

Harpoon Baillebook S16 Indy Jones Fate Atlantis S 10 Lucas A isAdventure S16

'PIRATES GOLD'

lets you become a swashbuckling pi- rate in the 17th century Canbbean Expands on the onginai wlh more opportunities to gain treasure, power, and pres- tige. Features swordfightlng & combal capabili- ties, realistic cigi- tized speech, & sup- port for alt major soundboards. S34

HerosoMhe 357th S32 Jet Fighter 2.0 $39

Jetfighter 2 Mission Disk$ 19 Jump Jet S39

Land. Sea & Air lor2 S39 Ml Tank Platoon "$24 Mantjs Exprmr^tJ Fghtr S39 Mantis Speech Pack $19 Maximum Overkili $44 Megafortress $12

Megafrt-ss Mssrv 1 or 2 S26 Megafortrss Mega Pk ^36

■SPEAR OF DES- TINY' is a Castle

Wolfenstein 3D graphic adventure. Encounter well trained enemy sol- diers, secret door- ways, gruesome mutants and pow- erful bosses in first person perspect^. Features 20 com- plete ftoors. 4 lev- elsof difficulty, drgi- tized stereo sound effects, & multiple saved games. S37

Might & Magic 3 or 4 $16 Official Sierra Hint Bks $12 Power Monger SI 6

Quest for Clues 2, 3or4 S21 SecretMnkylslnd1or2$lO SIERRA HINTBOOKS SIO Si mcityf Sim Earth S20

Star Trek 25th Anniver SlO Strategy Plus 3 -1 1 Ea S 8 Strategy Plus 12*23 S 5 Ultima Hint Books $10 U II i ma Avatar Adventrs S 1 4 Wizardry 6 Cosmic Frg S12 Wizardry 7 Cnisaders S12 Yeagers Air Combat S16

IBM ARCADE Blockbuster "SIS

PynllMr "S24

Game Maker $68

GO Master 5 DIx $109 GO Master S DOS/WIN $39 Grand Slam Br.dge 2 <-^ Hong Kong Mah Jong S32 Hoyle Book Games l0f2S2f HoyleBookGa'nes3or4S29 Omar Sharif on Bridge S37 Penthouse Jigsaw S24 PinballWiN S29

Planet of Lust S19

Risk WIN S29

Scrabble Deluxe S24

Shar^ghai: 2 S24

Solitaire WIN S32

Solitaire's Journey $38 Stnp Poker 3 $31

Strip Poker Data V5Ea $19 Tnjmp Castle 3 S3-'*

Video Poker A'la Carte"S2-: Video Poker Masque "519 Wayne's World $25

Wheel of Fortune Gold $15 World Champ Eackgmn $24 World Champ Cnbbage S24

IBM SIMULATION A10 Avenger S46

Aces of the Pacific S42 Aces Pacific Mssn 1or2 $27 Aces over EuroDe $46 Aces Europe Mssn 1or2 $27 AH 64 Helicopter $46

Allied Forces Bundle $29 ATAC $29

ATP $37

B17 Flying Fortress $39 Battlefield 2000 $37

Birds of Prey *-^

Campaign Strategic R S$37

CaiXDmer *-S3e

Design yr own Railroad S29

Red Baron VGA $39

Red Ba^on Mission BIdr S24 Red Stom^ Rising S14 Road & Track GPUnlimS37 Secrei Weapons Lftwff S44 S Weapons Exp 1-4 821 Shadow President S34 Shuttle $29

Silent Service 2 $34

Strike Commander S45 Team Yankee S34

Team Yankee 2 S29

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Circle Reader Service Nurtiber 193

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trojn anv n\]h<: following countries via	AT&T
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a FRENCH $265.00

D SPANISH $265.00

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n ITALIAN $265.00

D PORTUGUESE (Brazitian) $265.00

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D RUSSIAN S285.00

D CHINESE (Mandann) $285.00

I Address

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Credit Card Mo Exp._

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I I I

Or Write To:

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408 SOUTH PASADENA AVE, SUITE 4

DEPARTMENT CPF I PASADENA, CALIFORNIA 91 105 U.S.A.

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circle Reader Servlc* Number 194

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Circie Reader Service Number 225

What Do PC Jet

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1'

ftess Ifor

sa]es,2for

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Circle Reader Service Number 12t

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Circle Reader Servl^ Number 201

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Circle Reader Service Numbef 1 34

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Clrcte Reader Service Number 123

136

Magic Tricks on your PC///

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Circle Reader Service Number 196

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Circle Reader Service NumtMf 270

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Circle Reader Service Number 177

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circle Reader Service Number 206

SOFTWARE CLOSEOUTS

IBM. AMIGA. APPLE. COMMODORE 64/128. ATARI ST. MAC & MORE

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SiffiVSbrHo^

iii FUMT MUUTORS:

M5 Strive

Sotoni^

Super HMyH Sa;Gtder1i

iiEeAF<Krn!i$&

Ca/rier Commas

SkyCluse

David WodSea«tAgef<

BlueAnods

f^odtet Range!-

AifStriKeQ.SA

BhisMax

ItM RMJMT10ML PBDSRAMi:

PreidentEIM World Gsof^raphy U.S. GMgta|)liy [NsDonfNunoers DisotrMrA^phM

GfideAM3!fil7-3

11450 11450 1950 1950

11650

11650 $29<50 19.50 119.50 St6,50 114SQ

Sm mm

1950

11450 11450 11450

11450 11450 11650 1950 S950

116.50 l16i0

nm

S14iO SS50 Sli^ 11450 tllJSI 11450 11450 11450 114.50 11450 114 50 11950

19 50 1 950 $9.50' 150O 1 5.00' 15.00 lt6M

VIS/UWC ORDERS CALL TOtL-FREE

1 - 800 - 676 - 6616

ZniW Canl OnJin Only I f ! ! (125 minimum)

COMPSULT

P.O. BOX 5160

SAN LUIS OSISPO

CA 93403

1l»ri mon tan tor tJI

tod. Amifl. CUfla. MAC. tlg^mon IWVS-OOSl'

SUPER imfili Rlfl M4/ia

IncUer Oetnotloa hinlotk Ariiy Ua¥Bs.

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Mutmtj, Cyruj Chess, Doc the Dttlroytr, i

Unjum UotkHtLSItKll

SUPER HIMOUFmAWGA

1IMBFMt14.a

Vanpre Empitt, Stcy Sasier, Tr?te X Costal

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BuckRooersi Heroes ci L^Aot

WIr of fft lance

riTKiltAagft

OAnArollttfoM

^ - ")esteSd>OTi

BanKydevooesti CD Gnb Bag CO Game Collection Crtessmastsr 30X1

CD-ROM CoOediofl *m

^o^n Immortjl

Greit Cffies. alth*Worid

Hound ol (he BJikeryiiki

Jones In the f«1 Lane

Kind's Oue^t 5

LOOM

Uu»dLjpMottiefGoi»se

PtwnaSNtrewSfeZO

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Holmes CQflSuliiflgi Oetoane

&] Mmcti S^tannvan

Uttima t-6 Bundle

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Wing Ccnnyndef Bundle

Wiftj Conman()*r,.Urom2 6 Bundle

11950. 11950 S19S) S1650 S1950 11950 114JQ 11450 11650 11950 19.50 11450 11550 t14!>Q 114»

119.50 11500 S39.00 144,00 S2900 13900 14900 S4900 S39,00

mm

149.00 139.00 124.00 14900 149.00 13900 S49J00 $3900 14900 1*900

TO ORDER: Send cfiecfc cf mojiey order inclutfing shipping clurgts ol ^ tor U.SA. $a for Canada. S!6 all ottere. Cairfomtans must include 125% sales tax To receive Oijr cfflrpiete caHlog of over 2.000 rtiins for ali computer t/pes, seod J2 in casJi or stamps to itie above address.. TN catalog is FREE with any order. To difck for an hem not llttid hire, »l! (B05) SUMM.

Circle Reader Service Number tSO

EPROM PROGRAMMERS

Stand-Alone Gang Programmer

8 ZIF Sockets for Fast Gang

Programming and Easy

/ ^^Lmj^ ^ Splitting

SO Key Keypad

ZO X •) Line LCD Display

• Completel/ stand-alone or PC-dnven -, Programs E{E)PROMs

• 1 wegabil ol dram

' User upgradable to 32 Megabit

• .v.r m sockets, rs-232,

Parallel In and Out

■ 32K internal Flash tEPROM for easy tilm'.vare upgra,des

• Quick Pulse Algorlliini IZ7Z5B in S sec, 1 Megabit In 17 sec.)

• 2 year v/arranty

• Made m the U.S..A, •Technical support by phone

• Complete manual and schematic

• Single Socket Programmer also available. 8550.00

•Spl!tandShuff[e 16 5 32 bit

• 100 User Definable Macros. 10 User CefinabEe Configurations

■ Intelligent identifier

• Einary. irite! Hex. and Motorola S ■2716 to 4 Megabit

138

Iiitemal Programmer for PC

New (ntelligent Averaging Algorithm. Programs 64A in 10 sec, 256 in 1 min,, 1 Meg (27010,011} in 2 min. 45 sec. 2 Meg (27C2001 ) in 5 min. Internal card with external 40 pin ZIF

» Reads, Verifies, and programs 2716. 32, 32A. 64, 64A. 128, 123A256.512, 513. 010, Oil, 301, 27C2001, WCM 68764. 2532, 4 MegalDits

• Automatically sets programming vollage

• Load and save buffer to disk

■ Binary. Intel Hex and Motorola S formats ' No personality modules required

• 1 Year warranty

• 10 days money back guarantee

• Adapters available for 874B. 49, 51. 751* 52, 55, TMS 7742. 27210, 57C1024, and memory cards

•Made in U.SA

40 pin ZIP

EMPDEMO.EXE available BBS (916) 972-8042

NEEDHAM'S ELECTRONICS

4539 Orange Grove Ave. • Sacramento. CA 95841 ^^ immb (Wonday-Frtday, S am*5 pm PST) COD ^^B^p >^4

Ca'l for rrore mlormation

(916)924-8037

FAX tStS) 972.99&0

Circle Reader Service Number 191

GARDEN S^bracadata

DESIGN <

1
'^	IMS	i»f!W i
u • ^

VEGETABLE GARDEN DESIGN

• Special planting tool snaps to correct row and plant spacing.

• Databases of vege- tables for 7 climate regions-full/ editable.

• Text and drawing

tools for customFzed garden design.

' Prints reports wfiicfi include a garden calen- dar, shopping list, and yield estimates.

PC Zone Price . . .

$38°°

MacZone Price . . . J4800

"ill ^^j'Finili iif

p »»i ■•♦*■«»•■ wi M » :

800'248-0800

800-258-2088

For FREE Color Catalog from Abracadata; Call: 800-451-4871 or FAX: 503-683-1925

Circte Reader Service Number 271

Over 400 of the Latest MS Dos CD ROM Titles In Stock

Astra Blaster Rom ttl $99

Over 700 Mb of quality Shareware and Public Domain Files on this CD Rom! A powerful yet user-friendly interface is included.

Night Owl7.0 $39

650 fvlb of Shareware. Latest Title in the Night Owl Series.

ProPhone - National Edition $129

A three CD Rom collection containing most of the nation's residential and business telephone directory listings with street addresses and zip codes, Users may output records to a separate file for database use.

MPC Wizard $15

CD Rom based Diagnostic tests for Your MPC subsystem. Includes a comprehensive sound board and video card driver set for Windows. 50 Sample test images and sounds included.

Pricing of our current coKection may be downloaded off of our Bulletin Board System at 2400 baud.

(61 9) 467-0661 - information and Orders (619) 467-0665 FAX • (619) 467-0666 BBS

/0^^^ Sole Source Systems

f 'L T^J 8248 ttB Ronson Road VV^^ San Diego, CA 921 11

9:30-6:30 Mon-Fri / 10:30-4:00 Sat. Pacific Time

All prices quoted include pre-paid discount

Visa/MC + 4% • No COD Orders Accepted • Add $5.00 5&H

Minimum order of $50 or $10 Service Charge.

International Orders Accepted, Se Habia Espahol

circle Reader Service Number 236

UVETVin a mndow on your PQ

• Tune in the Weatfier • Watch the Soaps

• Eye the News • Play Game Shows

• Track WaH Street • Catch Sports

Now you can w^tch T\' on your PC monitor while working on other applica- lioas under DOS or Windows.

Turn your entire PC monitor into a TV screen or choose a smaller window size. Move the window wherever you want, and ajniiul ail video and audio levels through an onscreen remote con- trol or a DOS T^R. Framegrab ima^ to popular file fomiats from an antenna, cable, or VCR'laserdlsc RF video inpuL

Requires a VGA card with a feature conneaor ainning 640x480 gmpliics mode.

Ask about our entire line of inulti- niedi;i peripi^erais. including Super \te)Window«i for ISA and PS/2 plat- fomis, and the hot new Super Motion Compression whidi allov\'s real-time \ideo capture and plavteck to and from vour hard drive.

1-800-288-2207

Conma Not- Mc-di Gmphics for ^mir local WaichlT TV' dealer.

Circle Reader Service Number 235

you can bet on

Video pokeR

Experience the

excitement of the casino with 30 popular Draw, Joker Wild and Deuces Wild video poker games — in the most vivid, exciting video poker program ever developed for the PC. With on-line strategy tutor, hand -tester and hold- tester, you'll play like a pro. Use the Simulator to run millions of hands. Set your own payoffs, bet, coins, and bankroll. You can even print any of the strategies to take with you to the casino!

Easy to use pulldown menus let you quickly select games, print rankings, run the Simulator, or change parameters. Even if you never go to the casino, you1l enjoy the endless challenge of this captivating game.

Version 3.0

Only $49.95

plys S5 s/h {PA res, add $330 tax); $6 Canada; SIO outside U.S. territories

Visa/MC call toll free: 1-800-828-2259 ext 410

For aJt IBM ?C% and com[^bles. Tru« tugh-r^ VGA graphics. Also supports EGA, CGA, Hercuira, and Monochrome,

Play all of the Joker Wild strategics of Bradley Davis, renowned author of Mastering Joker Wild Video Poker.

LWS Software, Inc, PO Box 688

Broomall, PA 19008 (215)520-9858

Ctrcle Reader Service Number 189

WhereAdults Come To Play!

I Locd Numbers Qwcrfr^ 700 U-& Ctifcsl I CB-Stylc Group and Private Chat] I lOOas Of Shareware Pnpgramsl I Business and Peraonal ScrvdcesI I 'nBvd & FU^t Scheduling with OAGt I Giant Message Forums & Classlfledsl I live Multlplaycr Games! I Matchmaker Dating Database) I Designed For Adult Users!

For Signup, More Information, Or A Local Number Near You Call

818-358-6968

BrMODBMt, 9/N/i -3/12/2400 BAUD

Circle Reader Service Number 141

■V SIGNS nND j,v RU6B6R SiniVlPS

for your ouun us© or o profitable sideline business

Self-Inking and traditional

knob handle stamps can

be nnade for less tnan $1.

Retail prices will start in

the $10f range.

Informational signs, nameplales,

control panels, name badges,

and hundreds of other signage

items can be made for pennies

per square inch.

JACKSON MARiOKQ PRODdCTS CO. INC

BTOwnsvtUe Rd., D-gOO, Mt. Vernon, !L 62864 Phone: 800-851-4945 Fax: 618-242-7732

Circle Reader Service Number 23 1

•

it •

•

•

• i^ •

• ^

SHAREWARE!

^ FREE CATALOGUE^ I IBM SOFTWARE t

if D IQO's of Quality Programs Available Ar ^ D Vinjs Free [S^H ^

* SHAREWARE CENTRAL *

^ P.O. Box 897 • Wheatley, Ont. NOP 2P0 ^

• 1^ • i:^ (519) 825-7480 i:r -k it ir

Circle Reader Service Number 157

140

CD-ROM

HammerHead has teamed up with professional photographers and the best shareware authors to bring you the easiest and mosl cost effective way to fook for stock photos.

Super VGA 1024x768x256 cofor tmages

#90BMo!tiBrEaf1lill (S) - 559.88

C(]niains46t]t«auiifLj)lmjyiesnea(l/tabeus«din3tlWtridowsapp1:C^tians. Categonred mio I our groups; Count r/. Oceans, Sunsets & Waves. Pfioios by p rotessio nal Mew Ya f S p hotog rap he r, Bruce C u n Is ,

11309 Lovelv Ladles It ...(^ $59,8a

Fargfllihe'Swiftisuit issue", we've got 1 1 1 s&nsuous pictures of fashion swimsuls. Victoria who? It's no secret thai we iiave 113 picturesoflovety ladies adorn Injj lingerie, Pumii upycur heajl rate with 85 pictures of sesty. sweaiywamenwQrtdngoi:i.uoyouw3niclose-ups?Youigot'en!91 sed ucitvfl piciu res of te mals tiotfy pats. That's a total of 400 i maces f o r whatever you have in mind.

Caif for discounts whenpufchssifig maHfple discs.

Stay tuned for mors HommerHsad CD-RDM iiUss, I

Other DOS based atjult CDROMs. Must be overZt . !

1906 Private Pictures I... Rated R to XXX $59.88

Eas; es: to jse XXX' Ra: Kl C D- R OM , a.'er 600 VGA ( Gl F) images snd 70 Eive actio n V J A mo\.i« , not cartoons !

#907 Volcano „.„... .....RatedRtoX ....,.$99.68!

Ovefgoo Super VGA 1 024x768x256 n«w moctel released GIF irrjages. Vo'jwn r JOT 1 1 nd ttiese p«Ct'U res o n any other diSC

Send check/money order to: ^ ' ] US & Canadian

Starv/are PubJishing Corp ^ I ORDERS ONLY

RO, Box 4188, Dept, 68 ^gpi 800-354-5353

Deertiefd Beach, FL 33442 . '^ 24 hours / 7 days

More into, foreign orders & dealers cat!

Voice 305 - 426 - 4552 FAX 305 - 426 - 9801

SHIPPIMG:

Domestic - UPS S4.50 Grour^d

ForeighUSPS Expr0Ss(7days)

FL add 6% S7 2nd Day $15fJe!(tDay SiaCanada SZ2othertoreign

Circle Reader Service Number 130

Playing With Language™

Teaching a second language using multimedia versions of games children know St enjoy. Finally^ learning a second language can be fun!!

^ Avaflable b:

• French

• German

• Spanish ■Japanese SYRACUSE

• '"^''^' LANGUAGE SYSTEMS

\'800-688'\937

719 East Genesee St • Syracuse, KY 13210

Stereo / 4-Op Support

Memory- Resident Pop-up Tool

ROU CMF. MIDI File Formats

Program I/FToo

Instrument

Editor

The Premier Music Playback Tool

Every sound board user needs Whistle.

Play musk all day while you work.

Use your souiid board. You paid for it.

No music experience required.

Patch Panel Software

11590 Seminole Blvd.

Largo, FL 34648

VISA 813-397-3530 MC

Circit Raedw Serv^ Number 106

! REMOVE HARDWARE LOCKS

PROTECT YOUR INVESTMENT! MAINTAIN PRODUCTIVITY!

Software utility that allows for the removal of liarcfware locks.

Available for most major

CAD/CAM and PCB

software programs

Easy - Simple - Guaranteed

Programs start at $99.00 U.S.

visa and Mastercard Welcome

Call or Fax for more Information

SafeSoft Systems Inc. 201 - 1 1 1 1 Munroe Ave, Winnipeg, Mb. Canada

PH (204)669-4639 FAX(204)668-3566 R2K3Z5

Circle Reader Service Number 212

w

The Amish Outlaw Stuntware Co, 3705 RiclEnond Ave. Staten Island hfY

10312

Tel: 1-800^947-4546 or 1-718017-0198

Fax: i-71S-3l7-0198

QFiareAVare oj the CHpntftQub

NOW, you can join Tht Amish Outlaw Shareware of (he Month Club. Every month for a year, you will be receiving 5 or more program disks with all new programs not yet added to our t^talofi, M always all the disks will have our easy to use menu, Ju£t type "GO" , The cost, only S65.0€ ayear. This price includes everyihing. There arc no hidden charges, shipping fees or any other membership fees.

Circle Reeder Service Numbef 112

Computer Requirements:

EGA or VGA screen

3.5' drive or 5.25* drive wiih a Kird drive

640k memory

DOS 3-3 or hrgber

mouse not required but very helpftd

Circle Reader Service Number tlQ

SOFTWARE PREVIEWS

10 years ago,

we were ahead of our time

call us if you'd like to catch up!

Call

1-800-433-2938

for a free listing or to place an order

AMIGA * IBM * MAC * AIARI CD ROMS • GENESIS

WEDGWOOD COMPUTER

5312 Wood way Drive Fort Worth, Texas 76B3

Cfrck Reader Service Number 172

Save BIG $$ on printing costs

^^^^ Re-ink ynur ribbun car-

^^^^^PBm tridjies For less thun 5^

^^f^^^S^tf) ^^'^^ tli^ famous

^^■■^^I/ Maclnker''

^^^^ Over 2 1 0,000 sold.

Beautiful printing and longer prinihead life. Average can ridge can be re-inkcd 60-100 times.

Universal cartridge model ..79,45

Epmn Maclnker.......... „. 48.00

Multiculor Adapler (4 band riW>t)ns) 40.00

wm Inklet, Bubble-.lel, Thinkjet

^ I I f| printers, re-charge your cariridge<i " V^^j (single & multicolor) with our re -u sab It?

Jel-Muster Kits .from $24.95

Call for our free nev^.sletier and catalog of useful, unique and unusual microconipuler products.

CAmputerFriends, Ina

14H) NW Stiwuv Park Dnvo, PorH^ind, Ok 97229

Call 1-800-547-3303 /fax 503-643-5379 circle Reader Service Number 250

20,000 SHAREWAIlE PROGRAMS ^J% ON 3 CD ROM's OY

fst Time Everin DEALERS WANTED!!!

Over 3.000 GAMES (llko Costle Wolfenslein 3D), Pic* luM (includes tho latest Innage viewing progrom, too), Windows Applications over 2,000), Iducatkxi, 8usm#js, Languagw, Ham Rocio ond other catego- ries are Incluacd,

Ovef 3 Gigabyte oj valuable data. Program Lister tocatDS any progrann In Just seconds, All categories are Indexed, and broken down Into sub-categories. No ottiw frndw system is quickw oc mofo effidenf. The selected file ts automatlcalty decompressed onto \he hiord drh/e. Whien ctoslng the oppilcotton, you have a choice... leave the application on the HD - ready for use anytime, or remove It and ol! tts assocl- oted files, keeplnqthe HD uncluttered. The chok^e Is yours... in oil over 1 gtgobytes is youfs. And no clubs TO Join. 20,000 orograms to choose from. Thousands of useful programs h this 3 CD-ROM Dockage, At Itiis low. low $69pf Ice Oess thon 1 /2* per' progrom)^ this is tho MOSTECONOMICAL. WIDEST VARIETY iHAiiiWARE P«ODtia AVAILABLEI

RUSH $69 + $5 SM Cash.aieck MO or COD CROSL^Y SOl=lWARE BOX 276, ALBURGj VT. 05440 FAX: (514) 345^8303 TEL: f514> 739^28

Circte Reader Service Number 226

BIBLE TIME FUN

GREA T FUN FOR CHILDREN AGES 4-12

ILLUSTIL\TED BIBLE STORIES BIBLE FACI S MEMORY GAMES

PliZZLES BIBLE VERSES

SPELLING G.\MES VERSE SE.\RCH LOST SHEEP C.VMON AD^TNTURE!

mciudes: bible time paint!

Testament $29.95 • Hew Testament $29.95 BOTH FOR ONLY $49.95

Sii« a S' Of 125* HO AvftittWe

Aifd $4.00 S£H (CAHe«. add 7,75% tax)

IBM SOFTWARE

VGA ij.'.^pnici

- Send Che cIc/MDney Order to: ■ WmZ KID PRODUCTIONS

IDBOg Paplar St. Uma Linda, CA 92354 Phone (909) 796-0639 Hours Mon-Fri 9-4

VZSI

circle Reader Service Number 237

Stretch your math & spelling/vocabulary skills

MUTANOID MATH CHALLENGE

and

MUTANOID H/ORD CHALLENGE

MSDOS or Multimedia VIS" Ages 7 and up • $49.95

Call toll free for brochure 1 -800-532-7692

circle Reeder Service Number 117

IBM & MAC SOFTWARE

CATALOG

32 Pages! ASP Member

SOFTSHOPPE, INa

RO. BOX 19069 IRVINE, CA 92714 Tel: (714) 261-0114 FAX: (714) 261-0116

Toil-Free— 24 Hrs. 1-800-851-8089

Circle Reader Service Number t26

MdrtcageMinder"

1 t\U)hrV(itj4

I At (Hi:HviH)

I SVV|> iHlrt?»\MlP*

Ot l>iHi.\R'i Iv IvuJtixi

1 Hi II ijKf.li 11^ KsiiH ■ Kvsv Tut sh

WTiy pay over 3 times the amount of money you borrowed for your home mortgage? MortgageMinder^^ software tracks the additional principal paid to your existing monthly mortgage, providing an easy and afforable way to significantly reduce your mortgage debt, starting TO DAYl

Only $49^^ (800) 227-2802

Cyprel* Soflwarc. Inc . 162"^ Fors/th Road. OrUntto. FL 31d07

Circle Reader Service Number 135

LIQUIDATIONS
CLOSEOUTS & BARGAINS
If you ihink you can 'I afford tiijiility coninierLinl software ... tliink again! Although we carry ihc top ](K) soft want hits and a full line of accessories for your IBM compatible. v.c specialize in closeouis and liq- uidmions. Let us do tfic bar- gain hunting for you! Find out why thousand.*, of computer users choow us a*, their one stop supphcr. We publish one of the besi catiilogs in the industry'- Call or write for your free copy!	Amior Alky SlO Blue Max , .SLS
Das Boot SLS Dcf. ofCrowt> .„.S10 Double Dribble SlO Drakkhen „.. $16 Future Wars S 1 *i
Mcgnfonrcss $15 Mon. Night FB $13 NBA $8 Super Sunday ., S8 Thud Ridge SlO Time Bandii .,..S8 Treasure Island .......SlO TV Sports F.B ......... Sm
SQ(TlUflR[ Software Support Intcmauonal au mil n n t ^^^ ^.^ Andresen Rd. - , ~ ' Suite #A-m ClltinM m Vancouver Wa 9866 1 UUPPDUI (^06)695 1393
^LTOLL 1-800-356-1179 TODAY! Major Credit Curds Accepted,

Circle Reader Service Number 210

BEAUUmERY

Gail Howard's ALL /VEWSmart Luck® ADVANTAGE PLUS "

Use ADVANTAGE PLUS™ & you'll trash ati yojrcthef lottery software. It's the most complete, fastest & easiest to use -in 0 class by itself, Nothing can begin to compare!

• NO OTHER SOFTWARE HAS MO;?f SCIENTIFIC TOOLS FOR PICKING WINNERS (for oil 5, 6 & 7-numbef Lottos).

• Smort Picks" feature selects best Lotto numbers from eacti chart instontiy, automotically!

• A MAJOR BREAKTHROUGH! Voii can test past occuracy of Sf^ARl f*ICKed numbers with one key stroke!

• Includes ALL Dota for Aa 49 state Lotto Games Ffif E.

• The ONLY Software with Documented Jackpot Winners. 36 Lotto iadcpot Winrtefs Won $784 Million dollars with Gail Howard's Systems!

• A $295.00 Value, Your introductory price for o limited time only: $79.9S + $3.00 S/H. IBM/Comp.

S SMART LUCK® SOFIWAK

S^ Dept C-11. RO, Box 1519 - White Plains, NY 10^2 E±3 300-676-GAIL(4245)or914-761-2333

circle Reader Service Number 109

CLASSIREDS

ACCESSORIES

CABLE TV

EDUCATION

USED COMPUTERS

IBM, COMPAQ, & MAJOR BRANDS

Also IBM PCir & CONVERTIBLE ACCESSORIES & SERVICE ■ MEMORY EXPANSIONS . DISK DRIVES ' MONITORS

- KEYBOARDS - PARTS

- SOFTWARE

MANY MORE SPECIALTY ITEMS

FREE CATALOG

214-276-8072

Box 461782 Dept C 'Garland, TX 75046-1782 FAX& BBS 214-272 -7920

Circle Reader Service Number 275

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

EARN TOP DOLLAR-BE YOUR OWN BOSS

Stan, operate and grow your business.

Find customers. Get them to buy. MS-IX)S.

TOPS. 247 E. Colorado #C, Pasadena, CA 91101

FREE Brochure: 1-80(M22-1722

EARN $2,000 A WEEK

word processing at home

FREE Recorded Message

call 503-48S'l752

WE'LL PAY YOU TO TYPE NAMES AND ADDRESSES FROM HOME, S500.00 PER iOOO. Call 1-900-896-1666 (SL49 min/18yrs,+) or Write: PASSE - XC293 161 S. Lmcolnway, N. Aurora, IL 60542.

CABLE TV

-^aa-

^H

M

PRIME TIME

CABLE COMPANY

CABLE TV DESCRAMBLERS

Converters, Accessories * Lowest Prices Calalpg (800) 777-7731 J

Call For FREE C

Circle Reader Service Number 276

WHY RENT WHEN YOU CAN OWN

Conveners and De scram biers. Oak, Jerrold, SA, Pioneer, All Brands. Toll Free 1-800-826-7623. 30 day Trial period.

FREE CATALOG! 1-800-345-8927 JERROLD HAMLIN OAK ETC.

CABLE TV DESCRAMBLERS

• special Dealer Prices! • Compare Our Low Retail Prices'

• Ordera From Stock Shipped Immediaieiy!

• Guaranteed Warranties & PricesI • All Major Credit Cards

PACinC CABLE CO., INC.

7325^': Reseda, Dept 1106 Reseda, CA 91335

For catalog, orders A iaformation 1-600-345-8927

CABLE TV CONVERTERS

SaveSlOO'sA Year

• All Jerrold, Oak, Hamlin, Zenith, Scientific Atlanta, and more.

• 30 Day Money Back Guarantee

• Shipnnenl within 24 hours

• Visa/MC and C.O.D.

No Illinois Orders Accepted

^jrchasef agrees la comply Ait h all M4ie «nd

fMlerat liws regarding pf rv«le ownirrsJiip o> C »&■€

TV equipmeni Corsuil local cable opefator

L&L ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING 1430 Miner Street, Suite 522 DesPlaines, IL 60016

Free Catalog 1 800 542-9425 Information r- 708- 540- 1106

Circle Reader Service Number 278

COMPUTER FURNITURE

Circle Reader Service Number 277

COMPUTE Classified is a low-cost way to tell over 275,000 microcomputer owners about your product or service. Additional Information. Please read carefully.

Rates: $40 per line, minimum of four Imes. Any or al! of the first line set in capital letters at no charge. Add $15 per line for bold face wyds, or $50 for the entire ad set in l»fd- face (any number of lines.)

lerms: Prepayment is required. We accept checks, mor>- ey orders. VISA, or MasterCard General Information: Adverttsers using post office t»x num- ber in their ads must supply permanent address and telept>one number. Orders will rwt be acknowledged. Ad will appear in neid available issue after receipt.

CLASSIRED ENSPUY RiOXS

Classified display ads measure 2^h' wide ar>d are priced according to height, r = $2B5; 1 V?' = $420; 2'= $550.

HGW TO ORDER

Call Maria Manasert, Classified Manager. COMPUTE, l Vtoods Ct.. Huntington, NY 11743. at 516-757-9562

In C"c> nip Liter Science

• Irnoepth decree progims *r^. all tounu hOffl« itudy ^^^^^m

• as courses irdjk MSDOS. BASfC. PASCAL, C, Data R^ AM ERICAN Pfoc«ssr.g. Da^a Strjcfiires i Ope-atpg r/sSerc INSTITUTE

• US cocras indUte Software Engr=eer,ng. Arjfidal Iriieigefice ^t^mmam irtir^oji^ COMPLTER

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Copies of articles from this pubiication are now available from UMI Article Clearinghouse.

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142

CLASSIFIEDS

SOFTWARE

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Circle Reader Service Number 287

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143

NEWS BITS

Clifton Karnes, David English, and Robert Bixby

Fall COMDEX

had its share of

surprises.

Here are some

proitucts and technologies to

watch in the coming months.

COMDEX HIGHLIGHTS

One of the biggest stories at COMDEX was tiie coming of age of the notebook comput- er These nnachines have al- ways been at least a genera- tion behind their desktop cous- ins in features and power, but this year that's all changed.

The new breed of notebook is a 486-powered nnachine with a large hard disk (as large as 200MB), lots of RAM (4MB is standard), and eye- pleasing color. Leading the pack at COMDEX was the Trav- elMate 4000 WinDX2/40 Col- or. This screamer boasts a 40- MHz DX2 CPU. a 640 x 480 screen with 256 colors, 8MB of RAM (expandable to 20MB), a 200MB hard disk, a Microsoft Ballpoint with a Quick- Port connection, and Win- dows 3.1 installed and ready to go- (See "News & Notes" for nnore information about the TravelMate 4000 computer.)

Following the trend of small- er and more powerful, the PC- MCIA interface gives note- books near desktop power by putting all the electronics that normally fit on a full-sized ex- pansion board into a credit card-sized device.

PCMCIA has always been an exciting technology, but at COMDEX, we saw the most in- novative PCMCIA card to date. Minister was demonstrat- ing a PCMCIA card-based 64MB 1,8-inch IDE hard disk that offered amazing perform- ance and durability. This Mini- ster drive has a seek time of 18 ms, can withstand an im- pact of nearly 300 G's, and win run 250,000 hours before failing.

Not a new product but a new technology ripe for licens- ing, QSound promises to add new dimensions to multimedia audio. Using DSP technology, QSound makes a simple pair

of speakers generate sound so realistic and accurately placed stereophonically that many people swear that they can locate sounds coming from behind and above them (though QSound spokesper- sons only claim 180-degree placement).

IBM, Texas Instruments, and Intermetrics have incorpo- rated this technology into a chip set that v^ill eventually be installed on IBM mother- boards. To fill the gap until that time. Texas Instruments has created a soon-to-be-re- leased sound card, identified as Mwave. that will use the QSound DSP technology. Mwave is compatible with Ad Lib and Sound Blaster and is capable of far more than sim- ple entertainment sound.

Already well known in the re- cording industry, QSound has garnered tributes from record- ing artists such as Sting and Roger Waters.

Desktop publishers know that the best color proofing is achieved with thermal transfer technology, and until very re- cently this technology was lim- ited to a few very-high-end printers. But now Fargo Elec- tronics, a small printer manu- facturer that formerly special- ized in bar-code printers, has announced the Primera Color Printer, a 200-dpi color ther- mal transfer printer for under $1,000. Using special paper and a waxlike material, it gener- ates color printouts that have unusual color density. It can generate a page with 100-per- cent coverage every two min- utes at a cost of 45 cents per page. The Fargo unit is de- signed for "Windows print- ing"— printing from its own Win- dows dhver. If you want Post- Script printing with the same unit, you have to go to Laser- Master, which will market the upgraded printer in late spring for $1,795.

Its not often you see a prod-

uct with the potential to shake up an industry. One such prod- uct, FontChameleon (shown pri- vately at COMDEX by Ares Soft- ware) can not only combine any two fonts in a variety of ways, but it can also provide just about every popular font.

Because the program needs less than 2K to store the parameters for a complete font, FontChameleon will ship with hundreds of popular fonts on a single disk. In fact, Ares can ship any font with the program — including fonts owned by other companies— as long as the font ships as a set of parameters and Ares doesn't use the copyrighted name of the font (Ares gets around the name problem by using a pull-down menu that says "Similar to..,"}.

Observing the FontChamele- on demo was a representative from one of the large type hous- es. He said that the program is legal and his company is looking for a way to cash in on Ares' new technology.

Years from now. we may look back on the fall 1992 COM- DEX as the time when video came to Windows in a big way. Just a week before COM- DEX, Microsoft announced Vid- eo for Windows. At COMDEX, Apple previewed a similar, though incompatible, product called QuickTime for Win- dows, based on its Macintosh program called QuickTime. You can now buy feature films on CD-ROM for the Mac, includ- ing /\ Hard Day's Night and the X- rated House of Dreams, Similar CD-ROMs should be available soon for the PC.

To capture your own soft- ware movies, you'll need a vid- eo-capture board, such as Brown-Wagh's Studio Master ($499), Media Vision's Pro Mov- leSpectrum ($399), or Crea- tive Labs' Video Blaster ($495). The booths for all three companies were overflow- ing with eager buyers. n

144 COMPUTE FEBRUARY 1993

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Circle RMdef Service Number 148

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