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tempo
does it
again
THE WORLD'S FIRST 440 MHz SYNTHESIZED
HAND HELD RADIO
Tempo was the first with a synthesized hand held for amateur use. first with a 220 MHz synthesized hand held, first with a 5 watt output synthesized hand held, ..and once again first in the 440 MHz range with the S-4, a fully synthesized hand held radio. Not only does Tempo offer the broadest line of synthesized hand helds, but its standards of reliability are unsurpassed ..reliability proven through millions of hours of operation. No other hand held has been so
" Tempo S-l
The first and most thoroughly field tested hand held synthesiied radio available today. Many thousands are now in use and the letters of praise still pour in. The S-1 is the rnost simple radio to operate and is built lo provide years of dependable service. Despite its fight weight and small size it is built to withstand rough handling and hard use. Its heavy duty battery pack allows more operating time between charges and its new lower price makes It even more affordable.
Tempo S-5
Offers the same field proven reliability, features and specifications as the S-1 except that the S-3 provides a big 5 watt output (or 1 watt low power operation). They both have external microphone capability and can be operated with matching solid state power amplifiers (30 watt or 80 watt output). Allows your hand held to double as a powerful mobile or base radio.
S-30, S89 00* S-80...St49.00-
*For use wUh S*i and S-S
Tempo S-2
With an S-2 in your car or pocket you can use 220 MHz repeaters throughout the U.S. It offers all the advanced engineering, premium quality components and features of the S-1 and S-5. The 8*2 offers 1000 channels in an extremely lightweight but rugged case- It you Ye not on 220 this is the perfect way to get started. With the addition of the S-20 Tempo solid state amplifier ft becomes a powerful mobile or base station. If you have a
220 MHz station, the S-2 will add tremendous versatility.
Price ...5349,00 (With touch tone pad installed--S399.00)
S-20..S89-00
^^ of De<=' ^* 1 huilf^*'^9 '^Iher
thoroughly field tested, is so simple to operate or offers so much value. The Tempo S-4 offers the opportunity to get on 440 MHz from where ever you may be. With the addition of a touch tone pad and matching power amplifier its versatility is also unsurpassed. The S-4... 5349,00
With 12 button touch tone pad. ..539900 With 16 button touch tone pad... 541 9.00 S-40 matching 40 watt output 13.8 VDC power amplifier , .3149 00
Specfffcatlons:
Frequency Coverage: 440 to 449 995 MHz
Channel Spacing: 30 KHz minimum
Power Requirements: 9.6 VDC
Current Drain; 17 ma-standby 400 ma-transmit (1 amp high power)
Antenna Impedance: 50 ohms
Sensitivity; Better than ,5 microvolts nominal for 20 db
Supplied Accessories; Rubber flexantenna 450 ma nhcad battery
pack, charger and earphone RF output Power; Nominal 3 watts high or 1 watt low power Repeater Offset: i 5 MHz
Optional Accessories for all models
12 button touch tone pad (not mslailed); $39 • t6 button touch tone pad (not installed); $4B • Tone burst generator: $29.95 • CTCSS sub-audible tone control: $29.95 ♦ Leather holster: $20 • Cigarette lighter plug mobile charging unit; $6
TEMPO VKF & UHF SOLID STATE POWER AMPLIFIERS
Boost your signal, . . give it the range and clarity of a htgh powered base station, VHF (135 lo 175 MHz)
|
Drive Power |
Output |
Model No |
Price |
|
2W |
130W |
130A02 |
S209 |
|
10W |
13DW |
l30AtO |
S1d9 |
|
30W |
130W |
130A30 |
S199 |
|
2W |
SOW |
mm? |
S169 |
|
10W |
SOW |
aoAio |
S149 |
|
30W |
Btm |
8OA30 |
S159 |
|
2W |
50W |
5QA02 |
Si 39 |
|
2W |
30W |
30 A 02 |
S 89 |
UHF (400 to 512 MHz) models, tower power aod FCC type accepted modelt
ajso jivaildt?le.
2050 S. Btjndy Or, Los Angeles. CA 90025 (213) 820-1234 931 N. Euclid. Anaheim. CA 92801 714 772-9200
Butler Missouri 64730 (816) 679-3127
TDLL FREE DRttEfl NtlMeEfl: I800t 4Zf ^Wl
F&r aii Slates eice[>r Calrfornca
Calif residents piea^ can coHea on our regular numbers
A LIFETIME GUARANTEE AND 11 OTHER REASONS TO BUY AN "OPTOELECTRONICS" FREQUENCY COUNTER
1. SENSITIVITY: Superb ampTme^ircun^^mT^eWor^ that can't be matched at twice the price. Average sensitivity
of better than 15 mV from 10 H2 to 500 MHz on every model and better than 30 mV from 500 MHz to 1A GHz on the Series 8010A and 8013.
2. RESOLUTION; ai Hz to 12 MHz, 1 Hz to 50 MHz, 10 Hz over 50 MHz,
3. ALL METAL CASES: Not only are the heavy gauge aluminum cases rugged and attractive, they provide the RF shielding and minimize RFI so necessary in many user environments.
4. EXTERNAL CLOCK INPUT/OUTPUT: Standard on the 8010/ 8013 senes and optional on the 7010 series is a buffered
10 MHz clock time base input/output port on the rear panel. Numerous uses include phase comparison of counter Ume base with WWV8 (U,S. National Bureau of Standards). Stand- ardize calibration of all counters at a facility with acommon 10 MHz external clock signal, calibrate scopes and other test equipment with the output from precision time base in counter, etc., etc.
5. ACCURACY: A choice of precision to ultra precision time base oscillators. Our ± 1 PPM TCXO (temperature compen- sated xtal oscillator) and ± 0.1 PPM TCXO are sealed units tested over 20-40*C- They contain voltage regulation circuitry for immunity to power variations in main instrument power supply, a 10 turn (50 PPM) calibration adjustment for easy, accurate setability and a heavily buffered output prevents circuit loads tromaffectmg oscillator. Available in the 8010 and 801 3 series is our new ultra precision micro power proportional oven oscillator With ±.05 PPM typical stability over 10*45''C, this new time base incorporates all of the advantages of our TCXO's and virtually none of the disadvantages of the tradi- tional oveni^ed oscillator: Requires less than 4 minutes warm-up time, smaJI physical size and has a peak current drain of less than 100 ma.
6. RAPID DISPLAY UPDATE: Internal housekeeping functions require only .2 seconds between any gate or sample time
period. At a 1 second gate time the counter will display a new count every 1.2 seconds, on a 10 second gate lime a new count is displayed every 10.2 seconds. (10.2 seconds is the maximum time required between display updates for any resolution on any model listed).
7. PORTABILITY: All modeJs are delivered with a 115 VAC adapter, a 12 VDCcofd with plug and may be equipped with an optional ni-cad rechargeable battery pack instailed within its case. The optional Ni Cad pack may be recharged with 12 VDC or the AC adapter provided.
8. COMPACT SIZES: State^^f-the-Art circuitry and externa! AC adapters allowed design of compact easy to use and transport instruments.
Series 8010/8013: 3'^ H x 7-1/2" W x 6-1/2" D Series 7010: 1'3i4" H x 4*1/4" W x 5-1/4" 0
9. WADE IN U.S.A.: All models are designed and manufactured at our modern 13,000 square foot facility at Ft. Lauderdale. Florida.
10. CERTIFIED CALIBRATION: All models meet FCC specs for frequency measurement and provided with each model is a certificate of NSS traceable calibration.
11. LIFE TIME GUARANTEE: Using the latest Stateof-lhe-Art LSI circuitry, parts count is kept to a minimum and internal case temperature is only a few degrees above ambient resulting in long component life and reliable operahon. ^No custom iC's are usedj To demonstrate our confidence in these designs, alt parts (excluding batteries) and service labor
are 100% guaranteed for life to the original purchaser. (Transportation expense not covered).
12. PRICE: Whether you choose a series 7010 600 MHz counter or a series 8013 1.3 GHz instrument it will compete at twice its price for comparable quality and performance,
MODEL 801 OA/e0 13 1 .1 QHzl^.3 GHz
MODEL 7010A 600 MHz
I D.G
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«pta»l«Cironlt;s inc.
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OPTiONS
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#Nl'Cad-70l mCad Baiiery Pack H Chargmg
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SEfirESSaiDAJMl3
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llGH^Coumer 0.1 PPM TCXO S450 DO
1 a G Hz Cou n ter - 05 P P M O v e n S499,00
1,3 Qhz Counier 0 1 PPM TCXO $550 00
1 ,3 GHz Counter ■ .05 PPM Oven $599,00
*^SS
OPTIONS
f Ni Cad flOt f^rCaej SaU^rv Pack A Ctiiirqioq S49 95
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ACCESSORIES
iTA- 100 Telescope anienna with
rtght ang^e BNC tP-100 Probe, 50 Ohm. IX
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n Novice studY Tape - S^.9S
a General studv T^pe £^ - (two) SS^S
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Random letters numders and punaua- tion generated by computer in groups of five Transcripts included for self -testing.
D Novice frandoiti S4 95 G General Random - 54.95 D Extra Random S4.95
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J
4 73 Magazine • December, 1980
who Really Invented Radio!
—the twisted tale of Nathan B. Stubblefield
WB2NEL
In Search of the Elusive SES
— track soiar activity with this simple VLF receiver .......... WA3UER
An Even Better IC Timer
— better than what? WAOPBQ
Direct Printing FAX
— part Ik constructing the facfiimile recorder
-.., WB8DQT
36
42
46
S2
dm. 80
MAGAZINE
HV Power Rectifiers
—amplifier builders should read this one
Cheap Connectors for Half-Inch Hardline
—at your neighborhood hardware store
WD4LWC 100
The Microwave Midget
—this WEFAX converter features something
different— an active mixer , , . . . W3KH 106
The Amazing Bobtail, , .Our Readers Respond
— more ideas for using and modifying this easy-to-
build antenna W8HXR 110
Single-Tone Paging for Wilson HTs
—simple circuit should work with many rigs
VV4BF 112
H'*a W r
A 600-MHz Universal Counter
-you'll freq out over this one W4VCZ
Top-Banding the DX-60B
— part J I: a companion vfo ........ WBIASL
An Amp for QRPp Addicts
— buiEd thts resistive step attenuator for tow, (ow power work. . WAOI^BR
The Center-Fed Bizarre
—would you believe an indoor antenna for 60?
N&RY
Clean Sweep for the FT-221
-don'! miss the action WBtjLLP
A New Frontier
—weekends were made for 10 FM!, . , . K4TW)
Scanner Magic for Heath's 2036
—grab your October 79 issue for part I of this project . . WA4BZP
58
64
68
72
82
84
88
Teletext and Viewdata: Are You Ready for the
Information Boom?
—coming soon to a living room near you: video
data services . WB9KPT 120
Double-Duty CW Keyboard
— helps you on receive as well as transmit
K1CN 126
Sixteen Channels of Digital Delight
ITji -do-it-yourself data acquisttion
yiSi V^B4UHY
A Compuler^Controlled Talking Repeater
[I j| —part HI. interfacing to the
l"Bl microcomputer , , WA6AXX
Make a Microcomputerisf Smile
-build him this EPROM eraser
M
\a . . AL7C
Build 2 Talking Digital TDer
— K20AW redesigns his IDer a( last . K20AW
132
138
148 162
Never Say Die— 6, Looking West— 12, DX — 14, Contests— 16, RTTY Loop— 18, Awards — 20, Leaky Lines- 22, Letters— 24, Fun! - 26, OSCAR Orbits- 28, New Products— 32, Social Events— 78, Ham Help— 79, 179, Corrections— 175, 1980 Index— 176, Review— 181, Dealer Directory — 225, Propagation— 225
73 Magazine • December, 1980 5
NEVER SAY DIE
ecfrtor/a/ tyy Wayne Green
SHADES OF THE PAST!
The year was 1950 and Wayne Green, not very long out of col- lege, was fresh from a job in Dal- las as a television producer-di- rector (the dannned station went from live productions to all film, throwing the entire production crew out of work). I was looking for something temporary to tide me over until I could find work in television again.
Having a first class ticket and experience as an announcer, 1 put an ad in Broadcastmg, look* ing for a com dilation spot: engi- neer-announcer. There was a big need for that kind of experience at that time and I was soon sit- ting there sorting out telegrams from over 50 broadcast stations with good jobs open. One of the best bets was from WSPB in Sarasota, Florida.
I loaded my ham gear into my Old 1941 Ford. . .NBFM kilowatt for all bands, dfpole antenna, SX-28A receiver. - .and drove down to Sarasota, the "Air Con- ditioned City/' It was pleasant there temperaturewise, but the mosquitos were worse than those in New Jersey or the swamps of Brooklyn.
It didn't take long tiefore I set- tled into a comfortable routine, opening the station mornings, lying on the beach afternoons, and hamming evenings. One of the chaps who popped in to do a radio show daily was Bandel Linn, also a ham. We hit it off right away. Linn lived nearby on one of the keys and his mailbox said. "Corporal Bandel Linn/' This was in retaliation for all the other mailt>oxes with retired col- onels, generals, and such.
One of Bandel's best friends was a little known writer, McKin- ley Cantor. He became better known after his book, Anderson-
viiie was published. He's had a peck of best sellers down through the years. McKiniey would come by the station occa- sionally with Bandel and we'd talk, I think the thing I enjoyed the most about both of them was their sense of humor.
McKinley did a number on Bandel one time. He went out and bought an enormous num- ber of old tjooks from a defunct used book store. He had a stamp made up which said, "If found, please return to Bandel Linn". . .eta, along with Linn's address. McKiniey traveled a lot and would drop off these books in stores everywhere he went. Bandel was soon up to here in returned books, arriving with ev- ery mail from all over the coun- try... or peopie driving up to bring them back personally.
When I decided to start a ham magazine in 1960, 1 got in touch with Bandel, who in addition to being a great radio personality was also a nationally known car- toonist, and got him to do the cover for issue #t. Bandel is still cartooning and broadcasting, holding forth from Pensacola these days. I get to see him ev- ery now and then when 1 get down to Mobile for the reunion of my old submarine crew*
There are a few people I've known who have really been en- joyable to talk with. . .such as Jean Shepherd, John Campbell, and Linn. All are hams, oddly enough, though 1 seldom talked hamming with any of them. John is gone now. but he left a raft of admirers. I'm sure it was his editorials in Astounding Sci- Bnce Fiction . . .and later in Ana- log,., which got me started writing long editorials, ! enjoyed them for years and it just never occurred to me that an editor
would do anything other than write long editorials. I don't think I gave it much thought un- til a couple of months ago when it suddenly dawned on me that I'm probably ttie on/y editor writ- ing these damned things.
Of course the pressures of writing editorials for three big magazines a month, plus a fourth just for the micracomput- er industry, and the shadow of two more magazines getting started all helped to focus my awareness on a good thing over- done. Now. with a month-long trip coming up to Asia, the man- aging editors are pushing me to write a month ahead. Hells bells, 1 can hardly get 'em done for one month, much less two.
We've got a series of cartoons by Bandel starting in the maga- zine. I hope you enjoy his humor as much as I do.
THAT ARKANSAS WARHEAD
Those of you who read the fine print on the silo explosion in Arkansas may have noticed that the newspapers were able to print a transcript of a tape-re- corded Air Force radio conver- sation about the search lor the warhead. Some chap has receiv- ers tuned to Air Force and other channels with recorders ready in case of any emergency . , , then he Is able to sell the Infor* mation to the papers. If ever there was a case where the FCC rules in Section 605 regarding the privacy of radio transmis- sions was being broken, it is here. If ihe FCC lets this go un* touched, they are turning their heads when their rules are clear ly t>eing broken.
It is against the law to sell in- formation gotten over the air from anything other than broad- cast stations. This is the heart
of 605. The reception is not pro- hibited, only the use of the infor^ mation. What are you going to do about this. FCC?
SAROC SHOOTS SELF IN FOOT
The pitiful shreds of what was once a halfway decent hamfest will be aired again In January. This, I believe, Is a commercial exploitation of hams for the per- sonal gain of one chap, who the iast I heard was disavowed by all ham clubs which had ever tried to work with him. At the last of these hamfests I attend- ed, the technical sessions were a joke and the exhibits few. The advanced registration for this disaster is $16. if you are that eager to throw your money away.
The hamfest has been bounced from one hotel to an* other, presumably for some good reason. Now it is at the Dunes and filling a date ob- viously unwanted by any sane group: January 1. Bring playing cards, If you are so totally desperate on New Years Day as to go to this silly thing, , .so at least you'll have something to do.
One of the major ham dealers tried exhibiting at the show not long ago and went away totally disgusted. Other than some free booze courtesy of Ham Radio magazine, apparently out lo help create more alcoholics, the dealer felt ripped off.
If you are absolutely des- perate to go to Vegas, wait a couple days and catch the Win- ter Consumer Electronics Show, starting January 8th, Then, if you still have time on your hands, why not come up to Vail fertile ham industry convention January 10- 17th?
NARA EVAPORATED
A couple of months ago, I wrote about what appeared to be a scam to fleece hams, with the only action I could see com- ing from a chap with a bad rec- ord.. .convicted of conning hams, if there was anyone who did not^et his money back from NARA, I'd I ike to hear from them,
I first heard of this one while at a hamfest in Wiesbaden, Ger- many, last May. A chap there had just come from the Dayton Hamvention and mentioned that NARA was there, taking mem* berships- I was at a loss to un- derstand how a group could get started without being in touch with me.., it they were legitt-
6 73 Magazine * December, 1980
^KENXA/OOD
, . ^pQet^xtiirr in amateur radio
TRIO-KEKWOOD COMMUNICATIONS INC.
1111 WEST WALNUT / COMPTON, CA 90220
Small wonder.
Processor, N/W switch, IF shift DFC option
TS-130S|V
An incredibly cpmpact, fuir-featurecl, all solid* state HF SSB/CW transceiver for both mobile and fixed operation, \t covers 3.5 to 29,7 MHz (including the three new Amateur band^l) and is loaded with optimum operating features such as digital display, IF shJft, speech processor, nar- row/widd filter selection (on both SSB and CWL and optional DFC'230 dlgltaJ frequency control- ler. The TS-1 30S runs high power and the TS-1 30V Is a (ow power version for QRP applications.
TS-1 30 SERIES FEATURES:
■ 80-10 meters, including three new bands Covers ^h AmaleuF oands Irom 3,3 to 29 7 MHz. including the new 10, 16. and 24-MHz bands Receives WWV on 10 MHz. VFO covers more than 50 kHz above and below each 500-kH^ band.
• Two power versJoiw . . . easy operation
TS I30S ;uns 200 W PEP/f60 W DC input on 80 15 meters and 160 W PEP/140 W DC on 12 and tO melers. TS130V runs 25 W PEP/20 W DC input on all bands. Solid'State. wideband final amplifier eliminates Iransmiller tuning, and receiver wide- band RF ampiitiers etiminate preselector peaking
- Built-in speech processor
Increases audio punch and average SSB output power, white suppressing sideband splatter,
CW narrow Ml de selection
"N-W swiEch allows i^election of wtde and narrow
bandwidths. Wide CW and SSB bandwidths are
the same. Optional YK-SeC (&00 Hi) or YK-88CN
(270 Hi) filter may be installed for narrow CW.
SSB narrow selection
"N-W" switch allows selection of narrow SSB dand-
wldEh to efiminate QRM, when opLional YK-8eSN
(1.8 kHz) filter is mstalled. (CW tilter may still be
selected in CW mode )
Sideband mode selected automatically
LSS Js seJected on ^0 meteis and below, and USB
on 30 meters and above SSB REVERSE position
IS provided on the MODE switch.
Built-in drgltal dlspfay
Six-digit green fiuorescent tube display indicates
actual operating tfequency to 100 Hz Also indicates
external VFO or fixed cfiannel frequency, RlTshifl,
and CW transmit /receive shifts. Also analog sub-
diaf for backup frequency md^cation.
IF shift
Atfows fF pass band to be moved away from mler-
fenng signals and sideband splatter.
Single-conversJon PLL system
Improves stability as well as transmit and receive spunous characteristics.
Biiiit-in RF attenuator
Fof optimum reject ion of mtermoduJation
distortion.
Built-in VOX
For convenient SSB operation, as well as semibreak'in CW with sidetone.
Effective noise blanker
Etrmi nates pulse-type interference such as ignrtion
noise.
BuHI-in 25*kHz marker
Accurate frequency reference for calibratioa Compact and lightweight Measures only 3-3/4 inches high, 9-1/2 Inches wide, and 11-9/16 inches deep, and weighs only 12.3 pounds. It is styled to enhance the appearance of any fivrrf ot mnhile station.
Optional DFC-230 Digital Frequency Controller Allows ffequency control in 20-Hz steps witb L- DOWN micfophone (supp[»ed with 0FC-230J. in- cfydes fouf memories f handy for split -frequency operation^ and digital display Covers 100 kHz above and beiow each SOO-kHz band. Very compact
Ask your Authonzed Kenwood Dealer abouHhe com pact, lull -featured, aJI so lid -state TS-IM Senes.
NOTE: Price, specifications subiect to change without notice and obligation.
MATCHING ACCESSORIES FOR FIXED- STATION OPBRATfON
PS-30 base-Station power supply (remoteiy switch-
able on and off with TS-1 305 power switch).
SP-120 external speaker VF0-12G remote VFO MC*50 50kQ/500y desk microphone
Other accessories not shown:
YK-aeC (500 H£) and YK-SeCN (270 Hz) CW filters YK-88SN {1 B kHz) narrow SSB tiller AT-130 compact antenna tuner (60-10 m. including 3 new bands! f^B-100 mobile mounting bracket
MC-30S ancJ MC-35S noise cancelling hand microphones PC t phone patch TL-922A linear amplifier HS-5 and HS-4 headphones HC'iO world digital dock PS-20 base-station power supply for TS-1 30V
SP-40 compact mobile speaker
VFO-230 digital VFO wdh five memories
STAFF
Wftyni tar«dn W2NSD/1
EXECUTIVE VICE f>fti£lDfNT Snerry &mytN)
ASSISTANT PUiLtSKEft/EOrTOft Jsft Dotray WBeBTH
ASSOCIATE PyeUSHEIVOlRECTOfi
01^ FUfiUCATIOMS
li)«^«rcr F«nnifi WAlUFY
UANAQING iOITOfI
MAI>4AQING tDITOR SusAn PhiitH^ck
NEWS EOtTOR G^ne Smarte WdGtOV
£DITOIllAL ASSISTANTS
Nancrr N<»yd
FlicHftr^ PT»fl|«
CONTFttBunNO EDtTOnS
CttriS Brown N1AUI
Faul Grui^ KB«1SIVM
ADMINISTIUTrVE ASSISTANTS
Pmt Gr«h*m
ASSOCtATfS Rob«n BAt^er WB2QFE
Jim Cain KITN B>n Go«f^We-7BFK
S«iiiS}or <ira«n
0iv# Ingfam MTWi
tariy KanariQt WB2NEL
j4it KftSMT aozcz
Oave Mann K2AGZ
Bill Ppa^flfnali WA$1TF
JohnScnulU W4FA
fHitef SlirH K20AW
MANUFACTUniNa MANAaEA Moel S«ir WB1ARP
PRODUCTION MANAQEB^ PUBLICATIONS Nancy Salmon
ASST PflOOUCTtON
MANAQEf^iPUBLICATlONS
Mich^ek Murphy
ART Om ECTOR Dldna Shonk
pROmCTtOH
Wiyiam Andef*;on III
SlovQ Baldwin
Fall Burr
T*dd Cluif
Linda Drow
Bruct Hedin Kenneth J aoKson
Bobs Kenyon
Maryann MelovlAr
Dlcn Owens
R&t>»r| Sawyar
Paifice Scribnet
Sutun SyrrvQndB
PHOfOQftAPHf
William HaytJoipti
lettm Andat^n
rypfSETT/WG Btrbftfa iAiU Sara Bedat M^ry KirtMll Linda Locks M^chaia l^aRoch^r*
CORPOItATE CONTROLLER Chaflm GamiatH Jr
EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT tMtrtnO Ne»
ACCOUNttNQ MANAQEB
CtRCULATlON MANAQER Ottm BoudMaati
CERCULATION Doris 0«y
Patiftiiw John ii doe
BUIK SAiES MANAOEH
Ginnia Bau<lr>«ftu
ADVERTtSlNa
Jim Gray WiXU. kigf Nancy Qiamett, Assi. Mgr
mate. The story of a group often hams putting up $35,000 each in seed money didn't ring true either. I know many of the hams with a spare $35,000 and I can't believe they would put out that kind of ioot without checking with me.
Then, ( found out who the chap was behind the whoie thing and remembered his pre- vious record. Ask the ARRL atMDut it; OST ran hfs ads which brought about the troubles and the conviction. But if something like this was afoot, why no word from the ARRL? They certainly couldn't say they didn't hear about it... or that they didn't Know the chap. I have no expla- nation for this.
Once my editorial piece ap- peared* NARA seemed to disap- pear I got a letter from a ham who had joined, saying he had gotten his $10 back and that the NARA telephone number had been disconnected, with no for- warding number. He did sorr^e
sleuthing and found that the chap had moved to Virginia and was now operating under the name of Keswick Sates, with ads in the yellow sheets. The re- port went on to say that over two hundred orders had been re- ceived with payments, but noth- ing had been shipped and no payments had been returned. No explanation by mail to the customers. W appears that the FTC rules on back orders has al- ready been broken. Will he move on again, leaving mulcted hams in his wake?
ELECTRONIC DESIGN BUNK
I really hate it when I see an- other magazine print a letter from some uninformed person and it puts down amateur radio. Thanks to W51FH for sending me a clipptng from the Septem^ ber 13th issue of Efectronic De- sign, wherein is a letter from a Collins man, a program engi- neer named Roe. He fears that amateurs now are "nothing
more than hobbyists and gadge- teers, lacking the inquisitive and inventive spirit which made the early days of amateur radio so productive. Now, the only inno- vations come from the R&O labs of the amateuf equipment man- ufacturers/'
Amateur radio needs this type of hogwash like another Incen- tive Licensing attack. The facts are quite otherwise, as Roe would know if he were a reader of 73. It is true that the FCC has been doing alt In its power to prohibit amateurs from ^perl- menttng and pursuing the FCC's own regulations (see 97.1 c)» but despite this, amateurs have been building more than ever be- fore in history and have been de- veloping new circuits and modes of communications.
In case you think that hams are not building . , .and I get that crap a lot from oW-timers who
Continued on page 189
Well ... I Can Dream, Can't I?
by Bandel Linn K4PP
L
"I live next door and I came over to thank you for those little squiggles and lines on my TV — They're very interesting!"
8 73 Magazine ■ December, 1980
10 OpHons Guaranteed to Make the Extremely Popular 2 A and 2AT Even More Popular!
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r
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• Available in all 32 EI A standard CTCSS tones
SS-32 Encoder
•Size: .9"xL3"xAO"
• Available with either Group A or Group B tones
Frequencies Available:
|
Group A |
|||
|
67.0 XZ |
91.5 ZZ |
118.8 2B |
156.7 5A |
|
71.9 XA |
94.8 ZA |
123.0 3Z |
162.2 5B |
|
74.4 WA |
97,4 ZB |
127.3 3A |
167.9 6Z |
|
77.0 XB |
100.0 IZ |
131.8 3B |
173.8 6A |
|
79.7 SP |
103.5 1A |
136.5 4Z |
179.9 6B |
|
82.5 YZ |
107.2 IB |
141.3 4A |
186.2 7Z |
|
85.4 VA |
1 110.9 2Z |
146.2 4B |
192.8 7A |
|
88.5 YB |
114.8 2A |
151.4 57 |
203.5 Ml |
Frequency acciiracy> ± J Hz maximum - 40X to + BS^C Frequencies to 250 Hz available on special order Continuous tone
|
Group B |
||
|
TEST- TONES: |
TOUCH-TONES: |
BURST-TONES: |
|
i 600 1000 1500 |
697 1209 770 1336 852 1477 |
1600 1850 2150 2400 1650 1900 2200 2450 1700 1950 2250 2500 |
|
2175 |
941 1633 |
1750 2000 2300 2550 |
|
2805 |
1800 2100 2350 |
• Frequency accuracy, ± 1 Hz maximum — 40~C to + 85 °C
* Tone length approximately 300ms, May be lengthened, shortened or eliminated by changing value of resistor
Wired and tested: TS'32 $59-95, SS-32 $29.95
COMMUNICATIONS SPECIALISTS
426 West Taft Avenue, Orange, California 92667 (800) 854-0547/ California: (714) 998-3021
»^is
LooKim msT
Biif Pasternak WA81TF 24d54-C NewhafI Ave. Newhatf CA 91321
OPEN REPEATERS DONT EXIST DEPARTMENT
There Is no sucti thfng as an ''open" repeater— at least not in the eyes of the Federal Com- municallons Commission. This came about as the final result of a well-intentioned rulemaking request filed some three years ago by a Texas amateur, Jones Talley W5TJE had requested that closed and private repeater operation be outlawed. In addi- tion, Mr. Talley felt that much on-channel interference be- tween repeaters could be elimi- nated by lowering all repeater power levels.
\ recently interviewed Mr. Talley for Westlink and found him to be a most delightful per- son. Moreover, he is a very dedi- cated amateur. He told me that the reasoning behind his twin petitions (There were two, but the FCC elected to combine both into one rulemaking ac- tion.) was that he and many others felt that repeater opera- tions that required membership In an organization were not in the spirit of the amateur service. Further, that with the large num- ber of repeaters currently oper- ating, there was precious little spectrum left for new opera- tlons. By lowering the power lev- els, there would be less chance of on-channel interference as new systems came into being. I should add that Mr. Talley is a broadcast engineer with many years of experience behind him. He understands very well the many technical aspects of radio communication.
So, Mr. Talley elected to file his petitions to lower maximum power levels for repeater opera- tion and also to gain acknowl- edgement for the concept of the open repeater, a concept that we as amateurs have under- stood for years. For many moons, things sat quiet in Washington— not a peep on the topic. Most amateurs, Including me, had all but forgotten that such a rulemaking request was on file with the Commission.
Then, in late July, came the
blockbuster. It was all but un- noticed by most hams since it was merely a dismissal order on two rulemaking requests, one of which belonged to Mr. Tailey, It was only after reading the order several times that the implica- tions came to light, that In the eyes of the FCC, no such thing as an open repeater existed. In fact, the text you are about to read is that of the order itself- I suggest that you pay close at- tention to the first portion of Section 2, because this may well set a precedent.
Bvfore the
Federal C am munica tlons Commission!
W^^hington, D.C. 2G5S4
PR
FCC eO-351
27525
In the Matter o^
Rulemaking petitions requesting "^open^ repeaters: and, to require license encJorsefnent aulhori^ing repeater operation. nM-2B44 and FIM<3461
ORDEFt
Adoptsd: June 17, 1960;
Released: July 2, 19S0
By the Commlsston:
1. Rulemaking petition RM2844, sub- mitted by Jones P. Talley (W5TJE), oJ Dal- las, Texas, proposed that Section 97 B5 of the Amateur Radio Service rutes be amend- ed by adding a provision that no repeater be operated as a "closed" repeater. In support of his petition, Mr. Talley offered these rea- sons. He said that In the majority of the country, there are no longer any available frequencies for new repeaters. Further, ac- cording to the petitioner, no one, in the his- tory of the Amateur Radio Service, has ever had an assigned ora dosed frequency. Vlr, Talley teels that the Amateur Radio Service should remain open and clear for all proper- ly licensed Amateur radio operators. In ad- dition, petitioner suggested that Section 97.67 ot the Commission's Rules be amend- ed to lower the maximum amount of power that Amateur radio stations in repeater op- ©ration could use. For example, on fre- quency bands above 52 MHz, the power would be 50 Watts^ rather than 100 Watts, where the antenna height above average terrain is below 100 feet. His reason for the proposal Is that he believes Ihat most re- peaters are covering more area than just the local area, theretiy causing interference between repeaters in surrounding areas. This, In turn^ he alleges, is why the sur- rounding areas have no available fre- quencies. Mr. Taliey says that lower maxi- mum power levels will correct this problem. Only one comment vi^as filed in RM 2844. Tl>e Amateur Radio Club of the Veterans Administration Medlcai Center, Montrose, New York, supported the petition saying
that closed repeaters violate the spirit of Amateur radio communications.
2, With respect to the matter of forbid- ding a station in repealer operation to be closed to anyone, we do not agree that such a stance is desirable. The control op- erator of the station must be in a posit ion to deny access to any person who is violating our rules. Any other view would be con- strued as our approvai of unlawful acts. Moreover, a fundamental principle is at stake here. At all times, the control operator of a station in repeater operation is respon- sible for the proper operation of the station, Open repeaters would militate against that basic operator accountability. Further, we do not concur in Mr. Tal toy's suggestion to tower the maximum power I eve is for repeat- ers. The maximum power levels specified in the present rules are not mandatory. Less power may always be used. In fact, we ex- pect Amateur radio operators to take ap- propriate means to avoid interfering with each other's- transmissions. Amateur radio licensees have always been l^nown for self- discipiinlng and a cooperative spirit in the use oi Amateur radio frequencies. There is no reason to believe that they have relin- quished working together to solve mutual usage probiems.
5. Accordingly, in view of the reasons herein given, it appears that the public in- terest wooid best be served by dismissing the instant petitions. Therefore, IT IS ORDERED, That RM-2&44 and RM 3461 ARE DISMISSED and that these proceed- ings ARE TERMINATED. For further infor- mation^ contact Mauri^ce J. DePont, 2025 M Street, N.W., Washington, DC. 20554, t202}- 254-6884.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION
Wiiiiam J. Tricar loo
Secretary
Now, before you run out and tell all your users that they must immediately purchase some form of CTCSS generator if they intend to continue operating on your repeater, sit back a mo- ment and permit me to point out why this is not necessary. We must go back Into the archives a bit, but I think you will enjoy the trip, especially if you are a new- comer to FM.
In the late 1960s, amateur ra- dio FM and repeater operation took off like the proverbial bat out of you know where. After a while, some amateurs who just could not leave well enough alone decided that what repeat- ers needed were rules, and a number of petitions were sent to the FCC requesting these. As usual, time went by, and in the interim, the problems inherent to the implementation of any- thing new were solved. In this case, the solution took the form of individuals and groups pro- viding voluntary coordination for repeater operations. Then, with the arrival of the 1970s, came something known as Docket 18803. 18803's imple- mentation brought FM relay growth to a screeching halt. The
regulations were that restrictive. They also were not needed— the problems had been solved.
For a number of years, ama* teurs from all over the nation worked hard to try to initiate some relief from the restrictions of 18803- Among these was Gapt. Richard McKay K6VGP. Dick owned a "private" category repeater located in Palos Verdes and was able to obtain ''Special Temporary Authority" to oper- ate his repeater without 24'hour- a-day, full-time control opera- tors on hand.
The success of this experi- ment on WR6AAD convinced the Commission to issue an- other ''Special Temporary Au- thority" to the Palisades Ama- teur Radio Club of Culver City, California, for a similar experi- ment. After a year's time and many filings with the Commis- sion detatfing progress of the experiments, a petition was filed to permit what was termed "au- tomatic remote controt" over amateur repeaters.
One of the first actions taken in the deregulatory process was the adoption of two control standards based upon the clas- sification a repeater operated under. A closed or private re- peater could operate under the doctrine of "fulty automatic re- mote control/' while open re- peaters were given limited relief in the form of "semi-automatic remote control." I won't go into the details of each at this time; It would taKe pages to do so. An exact account of the entire de- regulatory process can be found by going through bacl^ issues of 73 containing this column. We lived it and we reported on each step in1he long process.
What is important is the con- tention that this first step in de- regulation of amateur relay ac- tivity initially gave FCC recogni- tion of both open and closed/pri- vate repeater operation. This be- ing the case, the report and dis- missal order on RM-2844 is a di- rect contradiction of what has been stated in the past. Addi- tionally, while we in amateur ra- dio have developed our own def- initions concerning relay sys^ tern operation categorization, the FCC never has done like* wise. You and 1 know what con- stitutes an open, closed, or pri- vate repeater, but the Commis- sion has never seen fit to offer any definitions of their own.
Continued on page 192
12 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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Seven Response Curves. Four for SSB. three for CW. With new switching to select the standard 2.4 kHz filter, optional 1,8 kHz SSB filter, 500 Hz or 250 Hz CW filters, and standard 450 and 150 Hz CW active audio filters. Up to 16 pole& of i-f filtering plus audio filtering to handle any situation.
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THE NEW BREED
Comments made here the past few months have brought some interesting letters, most reinforcing our own attitudes about DXing today compared to a decade or more ago. As very little of life in 1980 is like life in I960, it comes as no particular surprise that amateur radio in general and DXing specifically often leave many old-timers somewhat cold.
For example, the FCC has just announced that the CW portion of their exams is changing again, with the exams to be only ten questions, fill-in-the-btank instead of mult i pi© choice, and a passing grade will be only sev- enty percent instead of eighty. This Is a test?
On the same sheet where we read that FCC news was the story of a Conditional class amateur who was traversing the court system because he had not» for some obscure reason, been grandfathered to General class. The FCC had called him m to take a 13-wpm code test and he refused. Obviously, he doesn't know the code* probably cheated on his original Condi- tional test (with the aid of an- other amateur, sorry to say), and that's that.
Aside from the FCC making it possible for people to operate kilowatt transmitters on the HF bands with little or no knowl- edge of what are recognized as basic radio techniques, the ac- tual styles of operating today often add to the confusion and lowering of standards on the bands. Here's a case:
An American operated last autumn from Africa, on CW only, from a fairly rare country. Great, you say, at least he knows the
codel True, but his methods
frustrated many who also know the code. Operating split, this DXer listened up in frequency, often as much as 50 kHz, In addi- tion, he immediately moved his receiving vfo after each contact, making It nigh impossible for the good operators to ply their trade of finding his last contact, zeroing the frequency, and mak^ ing one short call on his known listening frequency — not "tall- ending,*' mind you, but just be- ing where the OX is listening is operating at its best. It was not
to be in this case.
It used to be that when the
neophyte DXer discovered he could not always crack the pile* ups with a hundred Watts and a dipole, pennies began going in- to the bank for an amplifier, and a safety belt was purchased for future antenna work. Learning to trust the belt, lean back, and use both hands on the tower was part of the process whereby one t>eeame a "real ham/* a '•true DXer/" or whatever. It was simple: If you couldn't get through to the station you want- ed, either your signal was too weak or your operating tech- nique was not appropriate. And the solutions were equally straightforward: Build a better station, practice operating, and be patient. As a result, the bands continually witnessed new crops of hams who became proficient by their own efforts* (Made It without using the word *%ootstrapsl")
Now that this hole has been
dug, I might as well just climb on In. Today's saviors of the bands have found new solutions to the devastating blow of not being able to work your favorite DX station. Those solutions are called "nets" and "Usts/' They have ruined DXing for what it once was: the second most competitive aspect of amateur radio (after contesting).
It seems unlikely that anyone reading this column does not know the net and list style; either one uses it or hates it or, occasionaiiyt both. Let's look at the implications of this new breed of operator and the possi- ble future in store if the trends continue*
The list and net operator (UN) will tell us that the new style en« ables the weaker stations to work through to the DX, that UN mamtains order on the bands, that it gives everyone a fair shake, and* hoo-boy, here it comes, that new DX operators are spared the massive pileups which had previously driven a few of them into other pursuits, such as stamp collecting, We are sure to hear from some of you with other justifications, such as that there are just too many hams on the bands now when compared to 1960 and new techniques are consequently re- quiredj or that maybe not everyone can afford a second vfo in order to operate split.
Of course, it will t>e said that if an operator wishes to use UN because he is an inexperienced amateur on Island X (which everyone needs), it is his own de- cision and those who don't like it can lump it. Those who play his game will be rewarded with a contact (often despite the fact that they can't hear him). Those who refuse to play the game will go away empty-handed.
A parallel The US national speed limit is now 55 mph, on highways designed for 70 mph + driving. This was instituted in 1974 to "save gas." and was later further justified by a con- trived set of statistics "proving" the reduced speeds resulted in fewer highway accident deaths. Voilal The temporary law be- comes permanent.
The fact is that UN has driven off more avid DXers in a couple of years than piieups ever did in forty years. UH has raised a cacophony of tooth grinding by those With beams, amplifiers, and savvy. UN is what brought the "frequency policemen" and catcallers to their heyday; as they trash the frequencies in anger at their inability to just jump in there and call until they
work what they want.
In fact, highway deaths have not gone down, particularly on the limited-access interstates. As for fuel consumption, guz- zlers do use less fuel at 55 than at 70; so do, for that matter, all autos. Now here's the point: Say you are driving, oh, a diesel Rab- bit at 50 mpg and are restrained to 55 mph so the Cadillacs can produce 16 instead of 15 mpg. You have gone the full mile to conserve fuel; you have reacted to the situation in the most effl- cientp intelligent manner, Yet^
you are punished because you are in the minority.
Back to the new DX station on the band. You wrenched your back getting that new beam up, smelled up the entire house smoke-testing your new ampli- fier, but now youVe LOUD. Fur- ther, you have practiced your ham radio hobby, not expecting to set the world on fire your first couple of years on the bands, but now you're a "good opera- tor." Now you've found that DX station, but they've already taken calls from your caH area and you might just as well turn off your radios. So mail your postcard to the list taker for the next time^ lake down your beam« and seH your amplifier, because when your turn comes, you won't need them. You won't need your brain, either.
What's coming In the future? Unfortunately, probably more of the same, as mediocrity breeds mediocrity. As more and more new DXers come to know no op- erating style other than UN, they will demand, verily, that UN becomes the norm. New, inex- perienced operators may be easily enticed into the rut, dur- ing that penod of time when they need a sheet to determine whether it is the plate current or me output that is supposed to be peaked. As UN grows, addi- tional DXers will be driven from the bands only to be replaced by still more UN operators.
Make no mistake about it! It already is happening, and the pace is accelerating. Blame it on the lax FCC exams, on the Welfare Stale, on the "Me De- cade/' on the weather, on the Democrats, the Republicans, the hippies. The only ones who can reverse the trend and make DXing what it once was — a corrh petitive activity— are you and me, DXing was never supposed lo be easy, from the first time Hiram Percy Maxim used a relay in Windsor Locks to work from Hartford to Massachusetts. DX- ing has been the true spirit of amateur radio. If It ceases to be so. many will find new hobbies and hamming will be the less for their loss.
One thing UN has done is giv- en amateur radio column writers and bulletin editors some can- non fodder, as they stake their claims on one side of the issue or the other. You may disagree violently with this column's
Continued on page 182
14 73 Magazine * December, 1980
I ICOM Quality and Performance in the IMost
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IC-2Ar
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FEATURES YOUVE WANTED t Touch Tone ' Pod
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Seporate buiit in Speaker & Mic. Excel- lent audio quality.
Compact. About the size of a dollar bill.
Variable size NiCd Power Pack, 3 sizes available to suit your needs. (250 MA stand- ard). Makes the IC-2AT the most compact syn- thesized Hand-Held on the market,
ICOM level Receiver Performance-ICOM Quality Receiver in a compact package (.2uv/20db typical)
D Optional Leather Case, Mobile Charge Cord, Desk Charger, Speaker/Mtc
available,
n With slip on/slip off Bottom NiCd Pack, you can vary the size of the Hand-Held from about 116 mm high to 175 mm high. Easy to carry extra Snap-on packs packs with you for ex- tended trips.
D Complete with BP3 NiCd Pak, wall charger. flexible antenna and belt clip.
BACK VIEW 600 khz offset
simpiex/dupiex Hr/io pow<
TOP VIEW
BNC antenna connector
"Rubl:>erDuckle"
standard
transmit indicator
squelch
volume
control
on/off S'khz channel selection 1 0 khz channel selection speaker/mic jack
ICOM
ICOM AMERICA, INC
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3331 Towewood Dr,. Suite 307 Dallas, TX 75234
Cut out and put the ICOM IC-2AT in the palm of your hand.
CONTESTS
Robert Baker WB2GFE tS Windsor Or Atco NJ 08004
CONNECTICUT QSO PARTY Starts: 2000 GMT December 6 Ends: 0200 GMT December 8 Rest period: 0500 to 1200 GMT December 7 Sponsored by the Candle- wood Amateur Radio Associa- tion (GARA). Phone and CW are
considered to be the same con- test. Stations may be worked once on each baod and each mode. Out-of-state portables and mobiles operating in Con- necticut are requested to identi- fy themselves as such as are Connecticut mobiles operating fn other counties.
EXCHANGE:
Send QSO number, RS{T), and ARRL section or Connecticut county.
SCORING:
Out-of-state stations multiply total QSOs by the number of Connecticut counties worked (8 maximum). Connecticut sta- tions multiply total QSOs by the
sum of ARRL sections and prov- inces. Additional DX contacts count for QSO points, but only one DX multiplier overall is al- lowed. W1QI, the club station, will be operating CW on the odd hours and SSB on the even hours, and counts as 5 points on each band and mode. Novice conlacts count as 2 points each and OSCAR contacts count 3 points each.
PREOUENCIES:
CW— 40 kHz up from the bot- tom of each band.
SSB — 3927, 7250, 14295, 21370. 28540.
Novice— 3725, 7125. 21125, 28125,
ENTRIES & AWARDS:
A Worked All Connecticut Counties certificate will be awarded to each station work- ing all Cooneottcul counties. Other awards given as usuai. minimum of 5 QSO points! Logs must show category, date/time (GMT), Stations, numbers, bands. QSO points, and claimed scores. Enclose a large SASE for results. Logs must be post^ marked by January 2nd and sent to: CAR A, c/o Steve Grouse KA1ECL, 3 Queens Court, Dan- bury CT 06810,
CANADA CONTEST Starts: 0001 GMT December 28
Ends: 2359 GMT December 28
Sponsored by the Canadian Amateur Radio Federation, the contest is open to all amateurs.
MLENOAR
Dec 6-7 Dec 6^8 Dec 13-14 Dec 28 Jan 3*5 Jan 10-11 Jan 17-18 Jan 17-18 Jan 17 19 Jan 18 Mar 7-8 Mar 21 22 Aug 8-9 Sep 12^13 Nov 14-15
ARRL ISO-Meter Contest
Connecticut QSO Party
ARRL 10-Meter Contest
Canada Contest
Zero District QSO Party
Hunting Lions In the Air
73's International 160-Meler Phone Contest
Michigan QRP Club CW Contest
QRP SSB QSO Party
FRACAP Wortdwide Contest
1S81 SSTV Contest
Bermuda Contest
European DX Contest— CW
European DX Contest— -Phone
European DX Contest— RTTV
Use all bands from 160 to 2 me- ters, CW and phone combined, and everybody works every* body. Classes of entry include: single-operator, all band; single- operator, single-band; and multi-operator, single-transmit- ter, all band. All contacts with amateur stations are valid. The same station may be worked twice on each band: once on CW and once on phone. No cross- mode contacts and no CW con- tacts in the phone bands al- lowed.
EXCHANGE-
Signal report and consecutive serial number starting with 001. VEt stations will also send their province (NS, NB. PEI>.
SCORfNG:
10 points for each contact with Canada, 1 point for each contact with others, 10 bonus points for each contact with any CARF otficiai news station us- ing the suffix TCA or VGA. Multi- pliers are the number of Canadi* an provinces/territories worked on each band and mode (12 provinces/territories x 8 bands X 2 modes for a maximum of 192 possible multipliers).
FREQUENCIES (as appHcabfe): Phone— 1810, 3770, 3900,
7070, 7230, 14150, 14300, 21200,
21400, 28500, 50100, 146520. CW— 1810. 3525. 7025. 14025,
21025, 28025, 50100, 144100. Suggest phone on the even
hours (GMT), CW on the odd
hours.
AWARDS:
The CARF Canada Contest Trophy will be awarded to the highest scoring single-operator entry. Certificates will be award- ed to the highest score In each entry class in each province/ter- ritory, USA call area, and DX country, to the highest score from a Canadian non-advanced amateuf (no phone on 3,5-21 MHz), and where participation warrants.
ENTRIES
A valid entry must contain log sheets, dupe sheets, and a sum* mary sheet showing a chart of multipliers per band/mode and score calculation. Send your en- try with comments to: Canadian Amateur Radio Federation, 203-1946 York Avenue, Van-
ContinuBd on page 182
RESULTS
|
BERMUDA CONTEST 1980 |
G14ELQ |
102,600 |
||
|
RESULTS |
GI4ISR G3TKF |
72,080 56,140 |
||
|
West Germany |
G2FXQ |
16,290 |
||
|
, DK9WB |
383,295 |
G4FJT |
13,910 |
|
|
DK5EZ |
343.600 |
G4HQN |
7,370 |
|
|
DL7SU |
113.220 |
G4GFH |
5,680 |
|
|
DF6U0 |
109,410 |
|||
|
DF9ZP |
78,715 |
Canada |
||
|
DK80P |
32,065 |
VE5BA |
100,270 |
|
|
DF6JX |
22,100 |
VE3HGZ |
99,000 |
|
|
DF1JI |
19,450 |
VE1AIH |
72,450 |
|
|
DF6AT |
15,795 |
VE3NE |
45,560 |
|
|
D120Y |
14,740 |
VE2NL VE3DJX |
43.520 13,870 |
|
|
USA |
VE3KK |
8,550 |
||
|
W3MA |
128,975 |
VE4ADS |
2,520 |
|
|
N1Z2 |
125.775 |
|||
|
KB8JF |
71.225 |
Bermuda |
||
|
K3DH |
39,600 |
VP9IB |
3,025.000 |
|
|
WA2RUX |
31,510 |
VP9IX |
1,128,245 |
|
|
W3HNK |
25.415 |
VP9IW |
557.230 |
|
|
K6SVL |
16,260 |
VPaiQ |
68.370 |
|
|
KA1 £P |
15,900 |
|||
|
W9RE |
14,880 |
ChBCk Logs \ |
||
|
W2FFQ |
12.500 |
DFOHX DL0JK |
VP9CP VP9HL |
|
|
UnH9d Kingdom |
HI3DJPAA/2 |
VP9II |
||
|
G4DSE |
532,740 |
VE3PeVP9 |
VP91J |
|
|
G3VPW |
484.560 |
VE7VX |
VP9KL |
|
|
G3V0F |
267,930 |
VP9AD |
W3ARK |
16 73 Magazine ♦ December, 1980
at Lunar Electronics.
•t -
All Lunar products are designed and manufaclufed under the difect super- ¥tsion of Louis Anciaux. head ol Lunar Electronics. While Lunar mamlains a complete QA department. Louis con- trols the final check-ouL If its not rtght. ffs not shipped*
Thar$ why, fn amps, pre-amps, and Iransverler modules. Lunar Is con- srdered the standard ol the industry. As in all ham products, you get what you pay for. . . thaf s why Lunar is your tsesi
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One reason our Linearized amp/pre~amp combos are the best selling amps in the ama- teur market is the superior lir^eanty our units exhibit in Ihe SSB mode. To be "Linear;" the amplrfier's output signal musi be an exact reproduction of the inpulsignali with onty the power level changed.
Lunar is the onginator of the LIMEAR- fZED process, and b\\ of our amps exhibit this by the very small amount of side-spJatier produced. Others may attempt to copy us. But. why buy a copy when you can have the originaL
2 Meter Amps
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LUNAR TRANS VERIER MODULES
The addition of LunarTransverler Modules to your present transceiver m various combina- tions expands your station s coverage from HF through UHF
FOR conmuifrcATfON cambilitv
Adding Lunar Traosvener Modutes to your present transceiver allows you to include working Oscar Phase III. exploring 220MHz SSB, or many other present and luture uses of amateur radio.
FOR AMATEUR TV (ATV)
Special Lunar Transverter Modules can allow you to transmit/receive 440 MHz ATV signals from/to Channel 3 IF
AMATEUR RJUUO ASTRONOMY
Lunar can provide you with modules for re* ceiving noise from the sky (make your own sky noise ct>art>. or from the sun (plot occur- ances of flares), W© even have modules that receive the weather satellite transmissions (they can be connected to your home com- puter for a weather map prini-out on your CRT display).
LUNAR RECETYINO PRE-AMPURERS
These ultra-performance receiving pre-amps are suitable to the most demanding needs where low noise figure ts important Uses include all types of weak signal work such as EME. Tropo. lono and Meteor Scatter. Satei- lite Communications, Radio Astronomy weak, etc Absolutely the highest quality con- struction and components. Models for all amateur bands through 1296 pn ced from *3S**
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RTTY LOOP
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December would be a bleak monlh indeed, if K were not for the holidays at the end. Whether you celebrate Christ* mas Of Hanukkah, or lust enjoy exchanging gifts, the season provides a warm flicker in the middle of winter. This month, we will look at some gift ideas for the amateur involved in RTTY. Perhaps this will give you an ex- cuse to iet thfs copy of 73 sit around where someone else can see it!
At the outset, iet me make it clear that I am not describing ex- pensive or exotic Jtems. Most of these will be under ten dollars, and many far less than that. Sev- eral of them are not even exciu- sivety amateur radio items, which will make it that much easier for the spouse or child to find. Above all, 1 have tried to compile a list of unique gift ideas thai are affordable, use- ful, and obtainabiet any one of which would delight the heart of the recipient.
As any of us in RTTY know, it is the little things that mean a lot. A trip to any stationery store will turn up many items useful to the RTTYer. Ribbons are always needed by the hard-copy devo- tee. There is no need to look far and wide for Teletype* ribbons; standard Underwood typewriter ribbons are a perfect fit and are ysuaJiy much more available.
For hard usage, heavily inked cotton ribbons, specifically made for tefeprinter appiica* tions, are best, and these may often be found at larger office supply houses.
What do we type on but paper, and this is another item often in short supply In the shack. I have found that standard roll paper, B.5 inches wide, is available from most business form suppit* ers at a fairly reasonable price. Look In the Yellow Pages for a supplier near you and check sev- eral out. While you are asking, check on the availability of 11/32-inch paper tape. This is an* other perpetua! "need" of the teleprintophite^ especially one who is involved with RTTY art or traffic, both of which are quite popular this time of year. A I* though hamfests are usually the most economical places to stock up on these paper goods, they can be had, albeit at list price, from dealers in most areas.
Maintenance items for the mechanical teleprinter are often overlooked and fall into the "make-do" category. How about a big can of grease for the type bars? Lubriplate is one popular make and is available at most large hardware stores, Don't for- get the oil for the felts- I use automobile oil; get something expensive for snob appeal— it goes a fong way! is the print all mucked up? Get back to the sta- tionery store for some type cleaner All kinds of products are available, from liquids to
7500 SALES
OPPORTUNITIES
FOR YOUR COMPANY
Be part of the ROCHESTER SHOW MAY 15-1 6. Largastshow In NORTH- EAST and CANADA.
Call or write HAROLD SMITH
716-424-1 too
P.O. Box 1366 Rochester, HY 14603
gobs of sticky stuff to press Into \he type. The kind I have found most useful is a sheet designed to be placed into the machine, like a piece of paper, with the rib- bon off. Run all the characters a few times on tape and the type is clean! A sure winner for any* one.
Perhaps the ham is interested in keeping the shack looking tip- top (obviously never saw mine*}. Black wrinkle finishes, such as are found on many kinds of RTTY equipment, perk up nicely under a coat of black liquid shoe polish. When you're getting a bottle, pick up some paste wax, the old-fashioned kind, for other equipment finishes around the shack. A bottle of spray^on glass cEeaner would round out a *'spic-and'Span" gift package*
Another item, the need for which is obvious to anyone who ever worked on a teleprinter away from running water, is a box of pre-moislened hand wipes, like "Wash-n-Dry." Cer- tainly not expensive, but throw it Into any of the above packages, or by itself, and it will be appre- ciated the first time something breaks down.
For the RTTYer who is using a computer, consider a supply of cassettes or diskettes. Neither Is very expensive, but they come in handy when you need to make a record of something. Diskette cases, which are now stocked by many office supply houses, come in useful for organizing the disk-based shack; cassette racks, which are available In a wide variety of styles at audio and discount houses^ do the same for the taper.
Consider reading material. Subscriptions to 73 Magazine, RTTY Journaf, or other amateur radio publications may be just the ticket. If computers are in- volved, try Kilobaud Microcom- puttng, BO Microcomputing (for the TRS-80 addict), 68 Micro Joumah or any of the other com- puter magazines. Look through the 73 Bookshop ad in the back of this magazine fof many titles of interest to the RTTYer, com* puterist, and ham in general There is surely one there to de- light any ham.
in the realm of reading materi- al that may be more difficult to come by, is there a set of man- uals to the RTTY machine in your life? The Teletype Corpora- tion put out extensive manuals on the Model 15. Model 19, Model 26, and other Teletype
machines in common use. If you, or your ham, do not have them, check the ads for suppli* ers who may. Finding them may bedtfflcylt, but there will be real joy in the eyes when they detail the way to deal with a problem. Want to spend a liltie more money? How about a low-priced demodulator? Monitors are available for thoS0 computer nuts who are still using convert- ed TV sets. Other kinds of giz- mos are out there, any of which would tre eagerly received by a hungry ham. Logic probes, breadboard kits* and gift certifi- cates at a local emporium on up to hundred-dollar counters, single-board computers, and disk drives, there is something to delight the ham's heart from pennies up. t hope these sug- gestions help.
Now let's pick up a fetter from Wayne Hail WB40GM from Col- orado. Wayne writes that he has acquired a MITS 6d0b micro- computer, which has all of IK of RAM in it, and wonders if there is any way to add more memory. For those who are not familiar with the 6@0b, thfs was a ma- chine that MITS, whose first ma- chine, the Altair 8800, started this computer craze, brought out to exploit the ihen*new Mo- torola 6800. Although it used the same CPU as the more-success- ful Southwest Tech 6800 ma- chine, it used a bus unique to itself. Thus, neither S-100 boards nor SS-50 boards will fit.
Well, this problem was tack- led in an article in Kilobaud (thaf s all it was called then!) in its third issue, March, 1977. !n tact, there are two articles on the 630b in that issue. The first, by Anthony R. Curtis, describes building the SSOb and is a sketchy review of the box. The other article, ©nlliied "Make Your 680b Smarter/' describes the efforts of Sty Mitchell and Phil Poole to design and build an S-1 00 adapter that fits inside the 680b case. This allows the use of S'100 memory. Although an 8K board was considered hot stuff back in 1977 (my, how time flies), you can gel quite a bit more on a board now. The article includes a printed circuit layout of the board and full details on implementing the augmenta- tion.
More reviews on the way, with whatever I can lay my hands on as the target. Reader questions and more fun, here in RTTY Loop in eightyHDne*
18 73 Magazine • December, 1980
1
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There are those who will only be satisfied with the finest.
For these perfectionists HAL Communications is pleased to offer the DS 3100 Automatic Send- Receive ASCII, Baudot and Morse Terminal
We cordially invite you to request our catalog.
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/IIV/IRDS
BIttGosney WB7BFK 2665 North 1250 East Whidbey island Oak Harbor WA 98277
FORT WAYNE RADIO CLUB AWARD
This week, i was pleased to re- ceive a very nice letter from Ber- nard Holm K9JDF, who is the Commynicatiofis Manager for the Fort Wayne Radio Club out of Fort Wayne, Indiana. In his fetter, Bernard provided detatts of an awards program sponsored by their club station, W9TE. Here are the award program details.
To qualify for the Fort Wayne Radio Club Award, applicants within Allen County, Indiana, must work 25 individuai mem- bers of the Fort Wayne Radio Club. Appticants located else- where in the United States must work a minimum of 5 Fort Wayne Radio Ctub members. There are no band or mode restrictions, but all contacts must be made after January 1, 1979, to be valid.
To apply, prepare a list of claimed contacts in order by callsign. Include the name of the station operator, the date and time worked In GMT, and the mode and band of operation. Have this list verified by at least two other amateurs or by a radio club official, stating that QSL cards were in your possession at the time verification was made.
Enclose your application with an award fee of $1.00 or 2 IRCs
to: Fort Wayne Radio Club, Inc., PO Box 15127, Fort Wayne IN 46836.
Last month, I featured a cou- ple of awards from our amateur friends jn Brazil. Not realizing the popularity of these pro- grams, I received two more that I would like to share with you now.
GPCW AWARD FROM BRAZIL
Sponsored by the Grupo Pfaiano de CW, this award is made available to amateur oper- ators throughout the world.
To qualify for the GPCW award, applicants must estab- lish two-way contacts with at least 5 members of the Group. These contacts must have been made after November 5, 1973, to be valid. All authorized amateur bands may be utilized, but only CW contacts with a minimum re- port of 338 may be claimed.
To apply, prepare your list of contacts, listing the usual log- book information, and have it authenticated by a local radio club or at least two fellow ama- teurs. Enclose your application with at least 5 IRCs to: GPCW, Box 556, 11100 - Santos, Brasil, South America.
GPCW members who qualify as contacts are: PY2ARX, BBO, BKT, BOP, CE, CJW, CSI, CYE, CZL, DBU, DHP (YL), DYX, EQR, EW, EWB. FYF, EXD, FDO, FNB, FPE, FRW, GUN, GYJ, RG, TT, YON, ZY, and PY IDG/2.
T^r^jgn iHfrK:--^x&ii^ sia^jM Twig
PRESENT jai^ •JtiSARE' T{> AllAfEUS
AN OPEN LETTER TO CLUBS AND ORGANIZATIONS
Each year, literally thousands inourfraternlty of radio ama- teurs seek ultimate recognition by accomplishing the many levels of operating excellence. And, thus, "award hunting" has become a unique aspect in amateur radio operation.
To achieve the many goals established by them, amateurs rely almost entirely on publications such as 73 Magazine to Inform them of the various award incentives. Each month, I dedicate a special multi-page Awards column to over 150,000 readers throughout the world. With every edition, this figure grows.
Should your own organization have an awards program, I would like to extend a personal invitation for you to share its contents with our many readers. What an excellent opportuni- ty this will be for you to gain worldwide recognition at abso- lutely no cost to yoy whatsoever!
To obtain this free service, please forward 1} rules for each award being offered and 2) a sample copy of each award cer- tificate.
Perhaps your organization doesn^t have an awards pro- gram yet? Allow me to encourage your officers to consider such an endeavor. Not only will it bring immediate recogni- tion, but (t can serve as a reliable source of revenue for your organization.
Good luck and my sincere thanks for your dedicated sup- port!— Bill Gosney WB7BFK
SAf i>f
I^JTWEiJEP S^'
fFI^IFTCJlTI:*.
PPC AWARD FROM BRAZIL
Radio amateurs the world over are invited to become eiigi- ble for the PPC Award, some- times referred to as the "Carioca Woodpecker's Award/'
To qualify, applicants are re- quired to establish two-way CW contact with different PPC members. Brazilian amateurs must make 10 contacts, while amateur operators located out- side the country of Brazil must conduct 5 individual QSOs on the CW bands.
To be valid, all contacts must be made after March 1, 1965, which is hailed as Rio de Janei- ro's 4th centenary. A minimum signal report of 338 must have been logged for each claimed contact.
To apply for the PPC Award, have your contacts verified by at least two fellow amateurs or by a radio club official. Enclose this list along with an award fee of 5 IRCs addressed to: PPC Bu- reau, PO Box 2675, 20000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, South Ameri- ca.
This award also may be earned by SWLs and the same rules ap- ply,
PPC members are: PY1AFA, ARS, AW, AZ, BHO, BIR, BLG, BOA. CBW, CC, CCE, CFS, CIP, CMT, CTP, DDI, DMZ, DNU DNS, DOG, DUB, DUJ (YL), EFX, EHF (YL), EHN, EIR, HO, JN, KO, LA, LG, MB, RJ, SJ (YL), PY2EW, PY2FWT, PY2RG, PY4CZ,
PY6HL, PY7CGV (YL), and the following list of Silent Keys: PY1AIF (1966), PY1BX0 (1968), PY1DB (1977), PY1TC (1977), and PY1DNN (1977).
Traveling abroad, we learn of a very chattenging award from Sardinia. At least from a DXer's standpoint on the west coast of the states, this one ain't easy, my friendl
GOLD SARDINIA AWARD
Sponsored by the URS Club of Sassari, Sardinia, the Gold Sar- dinia Award is granted to any li- censed amateur or shortwave listener who has made contact with or heard stations in Sardin- ia since January 1, 1976.
To qualify, European appli- cants must accumulate a total of 20 points, while amateurs out- side Europe must gather 15 points total. The points are fig- ured this way; Each contact with a URS Club member counts 4 points on HF and 5 points on the VHF bands. A contact with JSQLYN counts 6 points regard- less of the band. All other Sar- dinian contacts count 1 point on the HF bands and 2 points on the VHF bands. The same sta- tion may be worked on the same band on different days or the same day on different bands for award credit. For example, should you be fortunate enough to work ISOLYN on all three
Continued on page 783
20 73 M^g^zino • December, 1980
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Dave Mann K2AGZ 3 Daniel Lane Kinnelon NJ 07405
Tired of knocking your brains out in DX piieyps? Frustrated by the sheer idiocy of aeif-ap* pointed monitors and vigilantes who congregate on the DX sta- tion's exact frequency and QRM the action with bickering and other abuse? Turned off by selfish operators who either refuse to abide by the DX sta- tion's instructions or who don*t bottler to listen to them in the first place?
If any or all of these examples fit your present frame of mtnd toward OX chasing, I may have a solution for you. It may not put you on the Honor Roll, but it will afford you the satisfaction which comes from genuine ac> compllshment. But let me tell you of the circumstances which led to the Idea.
When I finally made the cov- eted Honor Roll after years of dedicated effort^ I was faced with a gloomy prospect. I'd grown so used to chasing DX that I'd become bored with other facets of the hobby. DX had be- come the ne plus uftra, and it was all I thought about In con- nection with ham radto. This feeling of dreariness devolved out of the realization that oniy four countries remained on my want list, and while there did ex- ist some slight possibilities that those four would eventuaily be activated, this did not appear likely in the immediate future.
I had to find some new inter- est to take the place of DX; this was clear.
Never much of a constructor, I couldn^t envision starting to buiid at this tate date. That pos- sibility was out
Slow scan television and moonbounce had never "put bubbles in my blood/' nor had amateur satellite communica'
tions. Mind you, I do not criticize them. But they are just not my cup of tea.
t had never enjoyed participa- tion in traffic nets, and with the exception of a few years of MARS activity; I was not overly attracted to the prospect. (1 be- lieve that my distaste was in- spired by one of those simulated emergencies back in the 60s, when, as part of an AREC group which Vd joined, 1 observed one of my colleagues calling Net Control with the astonishing news that Yonkers, New York, had been hit simultaneously with a devastating nuclear at- tack and a choiera epidemic. I threw up my hands.)
No! The sudden and abrupt realization that DX was about to tiecome a thing of the past for me was a shock. And I could not find a way to cope with it.
Then one day an Inspiration hit me like a bolt out of the blue. I was idly thumbing through the Catfbook, and my eye was sud- denly captured by one of those special entries; you know the sort I mean... the listing was separated from ail the others and printed In bold type. And this particular callsign had the same suffix as my own. I had never worked anyone with my own suffix, and I thought it might be nice to hook up with a few and to exchange QSLs. I be- gan writing down In my note- book the prefixes of the various AGZ stations, and I started listening for them on the air. Eventually I latched on to a cou- ple^ The first was KOAGZ, and others followed after a few months.
t even ran into a few foreign ones, and this prornpted me to investigate the possibility of writing to several and proposing on-the-air schedules. They were all over the map, In all countries. For the most part, they showed up at the suggested time and frequency; we established con- tact and ultimately exchanged cards. In some cases, we have continued to meet on a regular basis ever since the first con- tact.
To shorten the story, I now have over 75 AGZ cards, and Tm sure that I will eventually have 100 of them.
The best part of this, of course, is that notwithstanding the fact that ail the other AGZ stations are desirable from my point of view, there is absolutely no competition from anyone eise. 1 don't have to worry about pileups or the loonies who have begun to make a shambles and fiasco out of DX. I can chase AGZs to my heart's content, and there's not another soul who's going to give me a hard time. Others with my suffix seem just as desirous of working me, and there hasn't been a single in- stance of QSL difficulty: The cards generally arrive by the quickest route.
Some are in Europe, some are In South America; there are many in Canada and in the An- tipodes. 1 have quite a few from the West Indies and from Africa, And, as I mentioned, it's my own game and I can play it to my heart's content. The only limits are dictated by my own energy and willingness to exert myself,
I found that whenever I men- tioned this activity, it seemed to elicit interest among others. And the thought occurred that this might be a new and differ- ent radio-spofi that could be adopted by others who may have become bored with the usual and commonplace and are looking for a novel and unique pursuit,
I thought: Suppose the game could be organ lEed, with certifi- cates, endorsements, annual listings, and the like? Suppose it were possible to send out a computer printout of every ap- plicant's callsign counterparts throughout the world, together with mailing addresses? And suppose there were a quarterly newsletter listing standings, profiles of the top contenders, and the like? And suppose there were special awards fof multi- band and multi-mode?
The idea began to feel excit- ing. In sounding out friends, I found more than casual inter- est. I had the feeling that per* haps it might meet with general enthusiasm, both here and abroad. Why not?
The only fly in the oi nlment, of course, is that if all these sup- plementary adjuncts were to be incorpofated in the game, it would cost some initial money to get the thing off the ground. The printing of a suitable certifi* cate would be costly, and the computer readout would cost several bucks as well While an
awards program can be man- aged at minimal cost, it cannot be done for peanuts. Perhaps the applicants themselves wouid be willing to help to underwrite these costs by pay- ing a moderate fee of, say, five dollars or some equally modest sum. No one would get rich on the proceeds, that is certain. But no one would go broke either.
What to call the award? How about WYOS, Work Your Own Suffix? Not loo bad. But per- haps it would be better if the ini^ tiats formed an acronym such as do VISTA, Volunteers In Sef- vice To America, or NOW, the National Organization for Women. Unfortunately, my background as a professional songwriter and creator of com* edy material invariably bubbles to the surface, and I find that ev- ery acronym that occurs to my mind turns out to be a four-letter word of Questionable taste. Amateur Suffix Society, Call- sign Radio Amateur. . .oh, well, you get the idea, Vm sure. Out there in the vastness of ham ra- dio land, there are enterprising and creative minds; there must be someone who can come up with a unique name in keeping with the spirit of the thing.
But please, I beg you, don't send in your suggestions at this time. And don't send in any ap- plications or money. If and when the program is inaugurated, an appropriate announcement will be made in this space. In the meantime, I urge you to try chas- ing your own suffix in the same way that I do.,. on your own and at your own pace. There's no reason why you should have to wait for this activity to be or- ganized.
In fact, it might be better if it remained an off-the-cuff thing without att the hoopla of certifi- cates and competition of stand- ings and listings. Since there is no competition In it now, why in- troduce it anyway? And if It hap- pens that some of you should happen to amass a total which you think unusualiy high, you might let me know about it. 111 be happy to mention it here so that you can gain the recogni- tion that the achievement de~ serves.
But let me warn you: Despite the lack of competition, it is not the easiest thing in the world to accomplish. It will take dedica- tion and persistence.
Go to It, and the very t>est of luck to you alL
22 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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LETTERS
Gf
LEARNING THE CODE
I just wanted to drop you a quick note to say how much your 73 code course helped me. I have sporadtcdlly attempted to get my ticket tor seven years now. The theory is no problem (I tiave a commercial Isl ptione and have worked in RF for five years), but that code practice would get me every time, I tried manuals and the ARRL code course, but I would memorize the code sent on the cassettes, or, with the manuals, Td stay on the first few pages and never move on, until I lost interest.
I honestly can't say this about the r3 cassette, I couldn't mem- Oitte the code groups, and it in* iToduced new ctiaracters so fast and furious that before I knew it, I was through the whole alpha- bet.
Anyway, I passed the exam tor my Tech ticket yesterday, af- ter practicing with the cassette for two weeks! Before^ I'd have practiced for a month or so t>6for6 losing faith. Your co<le course is great. Now HI work on my Advanced ticket in my spare time. Tnx again!
Grant Howes Jackson Ml
Grant, you should have started with the 13 per. . .it's no more difficutt to iearn the code at that speed than at 5 wpm, so why horse around and extend the agony?— Wayne.
BUT THEY WORK
I wisti to congratulate you and your staff on a iob well done re- garding your 73 cCMJe cassettes. They are indeed the most mir^d- boggltng. frustrating, teeth- gnashing, high-blood'pressure' causing pieces of recorded material I have ever pur- chased . . . but they work!
I used your 21 wpm tape most recently to help me achieve the elusive Amateur Extra class ticket. I don*t know how many times I have personally told oth- ers of the virtues of your cas- settes, but 1 firmly t>eiieve yours are the best on the market, and I
have he&ni ttom all.
\ found that after a monih and a tialf with your tapes, I could copy plain English code at bet- ter than 25 wpm. Considering that a year and a half ago I didn't know a dit from a dah, I've made pretty good progress.
I believe in giving credit where credit is due; therefore, thank you for helping me to enjoy a great hobby. By the way, your ad states, "...you'll almost fall asleep copying the FCC stuff, , ." This was not exactly the case, but your point is well taken. Thanks again.
Steve Lewis KF8G Rossford OH
[
CHRISTMAS DX
1
The Clark County Amateur Radio Club (Jeffersonville IN) will go on a DXpedition to Beth- lehem IN from 1700 UTC [Decem- ber 13th until 1700 UTC Decern- ber 14, 1980. Usmg the callsign W9WW1/9, they will operate phone on 3,900. 7,235. 14.285, 21.360, 28.510, and 147.300 sim- plex. Special Christmas season cards will be sent to all stations and the envelopes will be stamped with the unique Bethlehem IN postal stamps consisting of the Three Wise Men and the Star of David. QSL (with SASE) to Clark County Amateur Radio Club, PC Box 352, Jeffersonville IN 47130.
JotinW,SheanN9TV
Jeffersonville IN
SATISFACTION
]
On my return from an extend- ed vacation, ! found the August issue of 73 Magazine in the mail, with my articie ("Over There") on page 86.
1 must compliment whoever was involved for some very fine editorial work. It is not uncom- mon these days for a writer, in looking at the printed version of his work, to wonder, "Why did they slip those commas in thereT* or *'What happened to the last two words of that sen* tence?*'oreven "Don't the damn fools know that 'the' is spelled "t^h-e?' " But then, I have fre-
quently remarked on the quality of the magazine and its editorial standards in the past few years. Likewise, I was amazed by the quality of the photo reproduc- tion. The negatives are, of course, close to 40 years old. The prints I made late one night, a Sunday, of course, when I could not get paper and had on- ly a few odds and ends of vari- ous grades left.
In all, I am pleased (and I know that you will accept this in the proper Hght) that 73 printed the article. . .payment aside, It is a source of real satisfaction to an author when everything comes out right.
It may also interest you to know that I've received two let- ters from old friends who learned of my whereabouts from the piece.
Julian N. iablin W9fWI
Skokie IL
tt's nice to have someone notice the superb fob Jack has been doing with the editing and pro^ duction of the magazine., . thanks for the bouquet. By the way, it*s good to get an articte from one of the oid guard in New York, t remember contacts and seeing you at radio ctubs 30 years ago. — Wayne.
NOT ONE?
GOOD LORD!! Wayne Green In f^ensa for 20 years?? it's strange I haven't agreed with one 73 editorial. (Congrats.)
Robert Roither WOiFDK Florissant MO
Alt of which goes to prove that brains and common sense are not necessarily parattel endow- ments,^ Wayne,
[
HORSE HOCKEY
]
At the present time I am sta- tioned with the military in West Germany, where we have the largest American population outside the United States. In the past, the FCC has dispatched examiners to Germany twice a year and many individuals have taken advantage of this. They've traveled from all over Germany and Its neighboring countries , . Jhey came by plane, by train, and by car. Examination rooms were jam-packed with more peo- ple than you could shake a stick at. Now, all of a sudden, some-
one in a higher echelon of the government decides that "ex- cessive'* travel must come to a halt. And the result? Many peo* pie will be denied the opportuni- ty of obtaining or upgrading an FCC license whether it t>e ama- teur or commercial. It's a damn shame! These same people are the ones putting their tives on the line defending this country and ensuring thepresen/ation of peace. As Colonel Poller of M'A'S'H would say, "horse hockey!"
Before I go any further, let's go back to the bas ics. One of the first things we all learned in our study of amateur radio was its basis and purpose. This can be found in Section 97.1 of Subpart A of Part 97, Listed there are "five" principles of our radio ser- vice. To print them here would use too much valuable space, so I will extract some of the finer points for you. Principle number one talks about the recognition and advancement of the Ama- teur Radio Service and emer- gency communications- Num- bers two and three contain key words such as encouragement, improvement* and advancing skills. Expansion of the existing reservoir of trained operators, technicians, and electronics ex- perts is outlined in number four. And, finally, principle number five mentions our unique abiUty to enhance international good- will. This drastic measure taken by the FCC will Impede the exer- cise of these very prlnciplest It's simple arithmetic.
As for us here in Germany, look under the ''Delta Alpha" callsigns in the latest edition of the DX Cafibook. You will find approximately €00 amateurs, of which 85% are Americans, isn't this enough "clout" to warrant resumption of FCC testing? The number GOO may not seem like much, but with our current prob* lem of a stagnant growth rate, the FCC*s policy could show ad- verse affects. With dwindling numbers and no encourage- ment from or improvement in the operations of our governing body, the FGC, how are '^we" supposed to expand, become "encouraged" and 'Improved"? We are a public service, dammit! When a natural disaster strikes, hams are usually the first ones on the scene ready to help. And when we do, we are praised and glorified , . .sometimes. But
Continued on page 193
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 25
John Edwards WB2tBE 78 56 86th Stree! GfendaleNYt1385
ELEMENT 1— CROSSWORD PUZZLE
|
Across |
||
|
1 |
A microcomputer memory |
1 |
|
(abbr.) |
2 |
|
|
4 |
RTTY machme |
3 |
|
9 |
Radio users (abbr.) |
4 |
|
10 |
Greenland prefix |
|
|
11 |
Cable prefix |
5 |
|
14 |
Something to chew |
6 |
|
15 |
Scientific test |
7 |
|
19 |
A prosign |
|
|
20 |
Teletype (abbr.) |
6 |
|
22 |
Automatic Picture Re- |
12 |
|
transmission (abbr.) |
13 |
|
|
23 |
What a signal usually car- |
14 |
|
ries <abbr) |
15 |
|
|
24 |
Keyboard Send-Receive |
|
|
(abbr.) |
16 |
|
|
26 |
Soviet space satellite (abbr.) |
17 |
|
27 |
A Model 15 is extreme in |
18 |
|
this |
21 |
|
|
29 |
HW ? |
25 |
|
30 |
A display medium |
26 |
|
33 |
Sudanese prefix |
27 |
|
35 |
Moonbounce (abbr.) |
28 |
|
36 |
Tough WAS state (abbr.) |
31 |
|
37 |
Formal shack tit e (abbr.) |
32 |
|
3a |
Old repeater prefix |
|
|
41 |
Pakistani prefix |
34 |
|
42 |
^1dlot Box'* or fast scan |
|
|
(abbr.) |
39 |
|
|
43 |
Pictures via radio |
40 |
41
Down
RTTY Read-Only (abbr,)
Vertex
Meteor scatter (abbr.)
Transmitter-distributor
(abbr.)
Opposite of Hi
Proficient hams
Public Relations Assistant
(abbr.)
Code of Ethics laid one
Morse ^*from"
Code Chuckle
Radioteletype(abbr.)
Specialized modes require
tots of this
RTTY tape unit
Radio Corporation of
America (abbr.)
Crystal use
Soft hams (abbr,)
'^Ears" (abbr.)
RTTY test string
Amateur television (abbr.)
Past of ''get^*
Ham salutation (abbr.)
What most specialized
modes are
Recording or paper (mylar,
too)
Transmitter power (abbr,)
FCC country (abbr.)
Familiar battery (abbr.)
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
fi |
7 |
:B |
||||
|
9 |
13 |
^ 10 |
11 |
||||||||
|
12 |
^ |
14 |
|||||||||
|
15 |
IS |
TT |
ia |
1 |
21 |
||||||
|
1 |
^^m 19 |
20 |
|||||||||
|
i |
22 77 |
■ |
|||||||||
|
23 |
1 |
1 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
||||||
|
2S |
12 |
■ |
|||||||||
|
3(3 |
31 |
32 |
33 |
34 |
|||||||
|
35 |
3B |
1 |
37 |
■ ' |
|||||||
|
1 |
38 |
39 |
1 |
40 |
41 |
||||||
|
42 |
43 |
SPECIALIZED MODES
Have you ever been accused of being an "appliance operator"? Are you a complete blockhead when it comes to doing anything more technical than shouting into a microphone or tapping a key? When the other guys talk about slow-scan television, do you think they're referring to the instant replays on last Sunday's footbaEI broadcast? If so, this month's puzztes are for you.
While RTTY, SSTV, ATV, EME, ASCII, and MSTV may just sound like a bowl of alphabet soup to many of us, there's a whole class of fellow amateurs out there who consider these modes to be the real amateur radio— a place for experimenting, not just communicating. So, for those of you not yet hooked on an exotic operating mode, and even for those who are, grab a pencil and see how much you know about ham radio's other side.
ELEMENT 2-
Match the specialized mode in equipment in Column B.
Column A
1) Slow-scan television
2) Meteor scatter
3) Digital communication
4) Fast-scan television
5) Facsimile
6) Satellite communication
7) Moonbounce
8) Microwave communica- tion
9) Radloteletype
10) Medium-scan television
|
MATCHING |
|
|
Col |
umn A with the appropriate |
|
Column B |
|
|
A) |
Horn antenna |
|
B) |
Murphy receiver |
|
C) |
Stylus |
|
D) |
Keyer (CW) |
|
E) |
Model 33 |
|
F) |
Wideband 10-meter receiv- |
|
er |
|
|
G) |
Steerable dish antenna |
|
H) |
2-meter transmitter/IO- |
|
meter receiver |
|
|
I) |
Stock Robot 400 |
|
J) |
Model 15 |
|
K) |
Commercial TV set and |
|
converter |
ELEMENT 3— TRUE-FALSE
1) Eleven meters was the first amateur band opened to slow-scan television,
2) One of the inventors of the teleprinter was Joy Morton, owner of the Morton Salt Company.
3) AF2M is the official FCC designation for frequency shift telegraphy.
4) The Gem in ids are a December meteor shower.
5) The ARRL sponsors both RTTY and SSTV DXCC awards.
6) Amateur l0-GHz signals have spanned the English Channel.
7) Most moonbounce activity takes place on 144 and 432 MHz.
8) The facsimile DX record is from New York, N.Y,, to Seattle, Wash.
9) Medium-scan television's frame rate is 2 per second.
10) To operate a mode not permitted under amateur rules, one can request an '*STA" from the FCC.
11) Most RTTY enthusiasts gain their WAS awards from "cards'' printed on their Teletype.
12) Maximum radloteletype shift is 900 kHz.
13) ^"NBVM ' stands for Negative Bias Volt- meter.
14) ASCII is permissible on 160 meters.
15) FSK is allowed on all CW bands, even Novice,
16) Many amateurs call moonbounce "EME" in honor of the late K6EME
True False
Continued on page 180
26 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 27
OSCAR Orbits
County of A
Any sateUite placed Into a near Earth orbit suffers from the cumulalive effects of atmospheric drag. The much pubHcized de- scent of the SKylab space station was a graphic demonstralion of tliese effects.
The OSCAR sateiiites are subject to atmospheric drag, of course, and the present period of intense solar activity has accentuated the problem. During this period, our sun has been expelling huge numbers of charged particles^ some of which f md their way into the Earth's upper atmosphere, increasing Ihe density (and thus the drag) there. It is through this region thai the OSGARs must pass. OSCAR 8, m a lower orbit than OSCAR 7, is the more seriously af- fected of the two.
If the drag factor is not considered when OSCAR cafcuiations are performed, long-range orbital projections will be in error. For exam- ple, by the end of 1379, OSCAR 8 was more than 20 minutes ahead of some published schedules. The nature of orbital mechanics is such that extra drag on a satellite causes it to move into a lower or- bit, resulting in a shorter orbital period. Thus, the satellite arrives above a given Earthbound location earlier than predicted.
Using data supplied to us by Dr. Thomas A, Clark W3IWI of AM- SAT, the equatorial crossing tables shown hero were generated with the aid of a TRS-80TM microcomputer. The tables lake into ac- count the effects of atmospheric drag and should be in error by a few seconds at most.
The listed data tens you the time and place that OSCAR 7 and OSCAR 8 cross the equator in an ascending orbit for the first time each day. To calcutate successive OSCAR 7 orbits, make a list of the first orbit number and the next twelve orbits for that day, List the time of the first orbit. Each successive orbit is 115 minutes later (two hours less five minutes). The chart gives the longitude of the day's first ascending (northbound) equatorial crossing. Add 29° for each succeeding orbit. Wher^ OSCAR is ascending on the other side of the world from you, it will descend over you. To find the
equatorial descending longitude, subtract 166*^ from the ascending longitude. To find the time OSCAR 7 passes the North Pole, add 29 minutes to the time it passes the equator. You shouid be able to hear OSCAR 7 when it is within 45 degrees of you. The easiest way to determine if OSCAR is above the horizon (and thus within range) at your location is to take a globe and draw a circle with a radius of 2450 miles (4000 kilometers) from your QTH. If OSCAR passes above that circle, you should be able to hear it. If it passes right overhead, you should hear i1 for about 24 minutes total, OSCAR 7 will pass an imaginary line drawn from San Francisco to Norfolk about 1 2 minutes after passing the equator. Add about a minute for each 200 miles that you live north of this line. If OSCAR passes 15^ east or west of you, add another minute; at 30^, three minutes; at 45^; ten minutes. Mode A: 145,85 ,95 MHz uplink, 29.4-29.5 MHz downlink, beacon at 29.502 MHz. Mode B: 432.125-.175 MHz uplink, T45.975--925 MHz downlink, beacon al 145,972 MHz,
At press time, OSCAR 7 was scheduled to be in Mode A on odd numtiered days of the year and in Mode B on even numbered days. Monday is QRP day on OSCAR 7, while Wednesdays are set aside for experiments and are not available for use,
OSCAR 8 calculations are similar to those for OSCAR 7, with some important exceptions. Instead of making 13 orbits each day. OSCAR 8 makes 14 orbits during each 24-hour period. The orbital period of OSCAR 8 is therefore somewhat shorter: 103 minutes.
To calculate successive OSCAR 8 orbits, make a list of the first orbit number (from the OSCAR 8 chart) and the next thirteen orbits for that day. List the time of the first orbit Each successive orbit Is then 103 minutes later. The chart gives the longitude of the day's first ascending equatorial crossing. Add 26=" for each succeeding orbit. To find the time OSCAR 6 passes the North Pole, add 26 minutes to the time it crosses the equator OSCAR 8 will cross the imaginary San Franctsco-to-Norfolk line about 11 minutes after crossing the equator. Mode A: 145.85-.95 MHz uplink, 29,4-29.50 MHz downlink, beacon at 29.40 MHz. Mode J: 145.90-146.00 MHz uplink, 435,20 435.10 MHz downlink, beacon on 435.090 MHz.
OSCAR 8 is in Mode A on Mondays and Thursdays, Mode J on Saturdays and Sundays, and both modes simultaneously on Tues- days and Fridays, As with OSCAR 7, Wednesdays are resen/ed for experiments.
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2A 73 Magazine • December, 1S80
11 COS
ATF 417 pr»-amp nat Special S19.95
MRF 901 UHF transfStors, 1 QHz Special S 3.95
COMPIETI KfTll CONSlSTrNG OP FVERV fSSENTiAL PART NEEDED TO MAKE VOUR COUNTER COMPLETE MAL^iOOA ? OJGIT COUNTER WiTH FRE- QUENCY ftANGE OF ZERO TO 300 MHi FEATURES TWO INPUTS ONE FOR LOW FREQUENCY AND ONE FOR HIGM FREQUENCY: AUTOMATIC ZERO SUPPRESSION TIME BASE (S lO SEC OR 1 SEC GATE WfTH OPTEOHAL 10 SEC GATE AVAILABLE ACCURACY i OCT/-. UTILIZES iOMHz CRYSTAL & PPM COMPLETE KIT„.„,.. „,.„, S1»
HAL^IOOA 7 DIGIT COUNTER WITH FREQUENCY RANGE OF ZERO TO 300 MH/ FEATURES TVyO INPUTS ONE FOR LOW FREQUENCY AND ONE FOW HIGH FREQUENfCYAUTOMATlCZERO SUPPRESSION TIME BASE IS 1 0 SEC OR 1 SEC GATE WITH OPTIONAL 10 SEC GATE AVAILABLE ACCURACY ± .001%. UTILIZES 10 MHz CRYSTAL 5 PPM
COMPLETE KIT - . - *1M
HAL- 50 A SDIGIT COUNTER WITH FREQUENCY RANGE OF ZERO TO 50 fAHz OR BETTER AUTOMATIC DECIMAL POINT , ZERO SUPPRESSION UPON DEMAND FEATURES TWO INPUTS ONE FOR LOW FREQUENCY INPUT, AND ONE ON PANEL FOR USE WITH ANY INTERNALLY MOUNTED HALTRONIX PRE SCALER FOR WHICH PROVISIONS HAVE ALREADY BEEN MADE 10 SEC AND 1 SEC TIME GATES ACCURACY i 001% UTILIZES TO MH7 CRYSTAL 5 PPM COMPLETE KiT ....*^-4 *.- S109
riE'SCALf i ICiTS
HAiioopat $14.95
(Pfe-^rill«d G10 boafd anil 3^1 components^
(Same as above i*ith Dr«arnp)
HAL 600 r«l . . . , - S29.95
ilPre4nll«fl GtO !>oard and att componenisl
(Same as at>ov« frut «im pf«3fTH» "^^
TOUCH TONE DECODER KIT
HIGHLY STABLE DECODER KIT COMES WITH 2 SIDED- PLATED THRU AND SOLDER FLOWED G^IO PC BOARD. 7 567 S. 2 7402, AND ALL ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS BOARD MEASURES 3% iS-s^ INCHES HAS 12 LINES OUT ONLY $19.95
DELUXE 12 ftUTTON TOUCHTONE ENCODER KfT ulili^mg the new ICM 7206 Chip Pfovides boin VISUAL AND AUDIO -narcai ions' Comes wuh iis own two tor*ean^odif#d aiummym cabsnei Measures only 2 3/4 x 33^4" Co"^pleie wHh TouchTone pad. board. cFystal. chip and all necessary components to fimsh the kii
For those who wish !o mount the encoder m a hand held ufiiL tfie PC board
measyr«s only 9n6" ?« 1 3^4'" ThiS parital Hit wiih PC board, Cfystal. chip and
components
pn ICED AT - $14.M
ACCUKIYEl- MEMORY OFTKIN KIT THIS ACCUKEYER MEMORY KIT PRO VIDES A SIMPLE. LOW COST METHOD Qf ADDING MEMORY CAPABILITY TO THE W&4VVP ACCUKEYER WHILE DESIGNED FOR DIRECT ATTACH MENT TO THE ABOVE ACCUKEYER, IT CAN ALSO 9E ATTACHED TO ANY STANDARD ACCUKEYER BOARD WITH LITTLE DIFFICULTY $16.95
ACCUKfYll IKITJ THIS ACCUKEYER IS A REVISED VERSION OF THE VERY POPULAR WB4VVF ACCUKEYER ORIGINALLY DESCRIBED 9Y JAMES GAR- RETT, IN OST MAGAZINE AND THE 1975 RADIO AMATEURS HANDBOOK.
ACCUKIVll— MEMOKT OfTtON KIT— TOGETHER ONLY 1 32. 00
6-DIGIT CLOCK • 12/24 HOUR
COMPLETE KIT CONSISTING OF 3 PC GlO PHE-DRILLED PC BOAHDS. 1 CLOCK CHIR 6 FND 359 READOUTS, 13 TRAlHSlSTORS. 3 CAPS, 9 RESISTORS. 5 DIODES. 3 PUSH BUTTON SWITCHES. POWER TRANSFORMER AND INSTRUCTIONS
DON? SE FOOLED BY PARTIAL KITS WHERE YOU HAVE TO BUY EVERYTHING EXTRA
rtlCEOAT .- ,....,...,,.* HI.»1
CiOCK CAU Available arvo will fit any one of rh« above clocks. Regular Prtce S£ 50 ftM Only t4.SO mAtn bttwitif m*ttt ciock
Sm-Piorr ALASM ClOCl kit tor home, campef . RV. or li«ld<<tay u« Operates on 1Z von AC or DC. and has its own fiO-Hr \*mt basfl on lh# board Complele with *K a-lectronrc components anc^ twf>-pie<^e, pre drilled PC boards Board sizff 4" ( 3" Complete wUti speaker and 5witc:h« It operated on DC. ihe^e t* nottiin^ mdie to buy. "
PttOOAT... ...,. ...*.... ,- ^. .*-.,- tlft.«
Tw^lve-wolt AC line cortf tor those who «istt lo dcKtfate the clock from 1 10- volt AC »i*»*
SHIPPING INFORMATION
ORDERS OVER S20 00 WILL BE SHIPPED POSTPAID EXCEPT ON ITEMS WHERE ADDITIONAL CHARGES ARE REQUESTED ON ORDERS LESS THAN $20 00 PLEASE INCLUDE ADDITIONAL SlSO FOR HANDLfNG AND MAiLING CHARGES SEND BASE FOR FREE FLYER
HAB<XD C. mOWLANO WeZXH
Hal-Tronix ^3t
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SOUTH GATE, MICH 48195
PHONE (3 13U85- 1782
Shortwave Listener?
SEND FOR FREE CATALOG!
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hcrease your
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FEDOAl FREQUENCY
DIRECTORY
(Plus S2,O0
ove:r 100.000 unclassified frequencies.
agencies, and locations of us federal
GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS STATIONS, 2-420 MHz. MILITARY. JUSTICE, TREASURY, AIRCRAFT TOWERS. NASA, DOZENS MORE*
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SOUNDS OF SHORTWAVE
$5;95
A 60-MINUTE CASSETTE IDENTIFIES THOSE STRANGE SOUNDS: TELEMETRY.iyiULTI- PLEX JAMMING. SPY TRANSMISSIONS. SWEEPERS, TELETYPE, MANY MORE. EXPLAINS IN EASY— TO— LISTEN TERMSi HOW TO BUY A RECEIVER, PLANNING THE PROPER ANTENNA, COPING WITH INTERFERENCE. WHEN AND HOW TO LISTEN, CHOOSING ACCESSORIES.
SCANNER BEAM
139-95
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FINALLY, A DlRECTtONAL ANTENNA MADE ESPECIALLY FOR SCANNERS, PICK UP THOSE WEAK DISTANT STATIONS WITH EASE, OPTIMIZED FOR 108 - 174 AND 406 - 512 MHZ AIRCRAFT, LAND MOBILE, AND AMATEUR SERVICES, ALSO RECEIVES 50 - 50 hi^VAi (non-directiorral ^ MATCHING TRANSFORMER AND MOUNTING HARDWARE INCLUDED.
SEARCHING FOR THE SOUNDS OF TQMORBQIV
ROVE tNTERPRISES
route; 1 BOX 156 K BRASSTOWN, HC 28902
• DEALER tNOUIRY INVITED » «^3&2
v^ f^e^Oer 5«fvrc0— S0« page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 29
dh
Model 1528
Drake L7
Continuous Duty 160-15* Meters
2kW Linear Amplifier
Tempfirafure controffed design for ^'key down*' operation over a wide frequency range.
2 kW PEP. 1 kW cw, RTTY, SSTV operation— ari modes full rated mpuL continuous duty cycle.
160-15' meter amateur band coverage, plus expanded ranges for any future lif band expansions or additions withm FGC
rules. These ranges afso include increased coverage for MARS, embassy, government, or ottier such services.
The Drake L7 utilizes a pair of Eimac 3-500 2 triodes for rugged use. and lower replacement cost compared to equivalent ceramic types.
Accurate built-in rf wattmeter, with forward/reverse readings, is switch selected. Calibrated 300/3000 watt scales.
Temperature controlled two speed fan Js a high volume low noise type and offers optimum cooling.
Adjuslaole exciter age feedback circuitry permits drive power to be automatically controlled at proper levels to prevent peak clipping and cw overdrive. Front panel control,
By-pass switching Is included for straight through, low power operation without having to turn off amplifier.
Bandpass tuned input circuitry for low dtstortton and 50 ohm input impedance.
Amplifier is comprised of two units— rf deck for desk top and separate power supply.
Operates from 120/240 V-ac. 50/60 Hz primary line voltage.
DRAKE L7 SPECIFICATIONS
• Fmqyency Covecage*: Ham bands V60 Ihrougli 15 ffietefs*. Non- amateur frequencies between 6.5 and 21.5 MHz may foe covered wllh some n>odilication of the input circuit • PtAt« Power Input: 2000 waits PEP on ssb and a-fn. TOOO walls dc on cw, RTTV, and SSTV. • Drtvt Power Requirements: 100 watts PEP on ssb and 75 walls on cw, a*m. RTTY, and SSTV. ■ Inpul impeifance: 60 ohms. (Sand pass tuned input}
• Output Impedance: Adjustable pinetwortt matcbes 50 ohm tine with 5WR nol to exceed 21. • Intennoduiafion Pistoftion Products: In excess of - 33 dB. • Wattmeter Accuracy: 300 watts forward and reflecied, ±{5% of reading + 3 watts), 3O00 watts forward, ±(5% of ^ reading -»■ 30 watts). • Power Requirements' 240 volls 50-60 hert^ 15 amperes, or 120 volts 50-60 hertz 30 amperes. • Tutje Corrtplement: Two of 3-5O0Z or &802/3-5OOZ or 3-400Z. • Dimensions: Amplifier 13.69"'W x 6.75 '^H X 14.25"D (34.6 x 17.1 x 36,2 Cm}. Power Supply 6,75 ''W x 7.88 "H
K 1 1 "0 (17 X 20 X 28 cm). • Weight: Amplifier 27 lbs (12,25 kg), Power Supply 42.5 lbs (19.3 kg),
'Bxfiort model incfuifes coverage of th& ^O-meter Ham Band.
Model
1 Dv9
Drake Matching Networks
MN7 and MN2700
Models 1538 and 1539
• Frequency Coverdge: 18 - 30 MHz
• Antenna Choice: Matches ani&nnas fed with coax, balanced line (use optional B-1000 Balun). or random wire.
• Antenna/ By-Pass Switching: Allows matching unit by-pass regardless of antenna in use, and selects various antennas,
• Extra Harmonic Reduction: Employs **pi-network" low pass filter type circuitry for maximum harmonic rejection.
• Built-in Meterino: Accurate Rf Wattmeter and VSWR Reading, pushbutton controlled from front panel.
• fnput Imiiedance: 50 ohms resistive.
• Power Oapabiiity: MN7— 250 watts average continuous duty (0-300 W scale). MN2700— lOOO watts average continuous duty (2000 watts PEP). (0-200 or 0-2000 W scale).
• Dimensions: MN7— 13.1 "W x 4.53"H x 8.5 "D excluding knobs and connectors (33.26 x 11.5 x 21.6 cm). MN2700— 13.1 "W x4.53''H x IG^D excluding knobs and connectors (33.26 X 11.5X 33 cm).
• Wfelght: MN7— 10 lbs (45 kg), MN2700^11 lbs (5 kg).
Drake MN7 and MN2700 Specifications
• Frequency Coverage: 1.8 to 30 MHz, Band Switch marked for 160 BO, 40, 20. 15. and 10 meter amateur bands: however, freQuency coverage t>etween amateur bamJs is possible by using the nearest band positions Mith a small reduction In matching capabiMty^ * Input Impedinc*: 50 ohms (r^strve). * Ljoad imp#ciaficfl: 50 ohm coaxial with VSWR of 5:1 or fess a! any phase angle (3:1 on 10 meters). 75 ohm coaxial at a lower VSWR can be used. • Balanced F«edlines; With the Drake B-IDDD accessory balun. which mounts on rear panel, tunes feed pomt impedances of 40 to 1000 ohms, or 5:1 VSWR referenced to ZOO ohms p:1 on 10 meters). * Loog-Wirt Antennas: Feed point impedances up to 5r1 VSWR referenced !o 60 ohms. Also, 5:1 referenced lo 200 ohms with the Drake fl-lOOO accessory balun (3:1 on 10 meters). • Me ten Reads VSWR or forward power • Wattmeter Accyracy: ± 5% of reading ± 1% of fulJ scale. • Insertion Loss; 0.5 dB or less on each band after tuning. * Front Panel Controls: Provide for Ihe adjuslrnent of resistive and reactive tuning* antenna switching, band switctiing, VSWR calibration, and selectiorj of watts or VSWR calibration, and selection of watts or VSWR functions of Ihe meter • Rear Panel Connectors: The rear panel has four type SO-239 connectors (one for input and 3 for outputs), three screw terminal connections {tor long-wire and open wire feeder syslems), and a ground post-
Sp^CfftCBiions, avBtiabiiity and prices subject to change without notice or obligation.
R. L. DRAKE COMPANY
DRAKE
540 Rrchard St Miamisburg, Ohio 45342, USA Phone 1513\ 866-2421 • Telex 288-01?
30 73 Magazme • December, 1 980
Model 7077 Dynamic Desk Microphone
• Au6iO 6(%6 ]iv0] characterisU(» custom designed to matcti (f^e transmit aiKlro requirements of the Drake TR7. • Features boHi VOX and PTT opera t ion without modification.
• High Impedance * Includes coil cord and plug wired for direct connection to the Drake TR7. • Slyle arvd color provide a beautiful match lo Ihe Drake 7-iine • Size 4.3 "W x 6,8 ''D X 93*H (109 X 14.7 % 23.6 cml Weight t lb 7 0Z 1660 g).
Model t553
i^ SP75 Speech Processor
Provides an increase In average power/ readability of a srngle side£>afid voice signal during weak signal, high interference conditions, TTie SP75 *s connected tetween the microphone and microphone input of the ssb transmitter, requiring no modi fi cat Ion of existing transmitter or transceiver. A front panel switch allows the processor to be switched in or bypassed. Two additional inputs, such as a tape player or phone patch, may be front panei selected.
Rf envelope clipping adjustable tietween zero and twenty dec i bets LED indicales proper audio mput level.
Mutmg circuitry reduces gain during speech pauses, altowmg VOX operation with the processor on.
SPECinCATFOMS • Processing Typ«:
PrecHpping audio compression followed by rf envelope capping at the processor intermediate frequency. • Rf Clipping Range: Adiustable 0 to 20 dB from front panel control- • Inpul Leve>l ^Micmphoo© input): 3.5 mV mmimum tor full processing. Gain adjustable to accommodate up to 3O0 mV maximum. • Input Level (Tape and Patch Inputs): 15 mV minimum for fuli processing. 30 mV maximum. • Inpul Impedance (1M aerophone): 1 megohm. * Input Impedance (Tape and Patch): 50 ki I ohm.
• Output Level wi Processing: 0-50 mV adjustable mto 50 kilohm load • Output Impedance: 50 kilohm. * Muting (Microphone Input Only): 10 to 20 dB attenuation during speech pauses^ * Frequency Response: 400- 6000 HzfiiB dB, * Distortion: Less than 5% T,H.D4i 1kHz, 20 dB clipping. • Power 11-16 V<Jc#95 mA. • Siie: 7'L x 6% 'W x 2'^* 'H (17.3 X 15.9 X 5.4 cm). • Wdight: 1,4 lbs. (.83 Kg).
Model 1520
P75 Phone Patch
Hylwtd Phone Patch for use with 7-1 ine or other receiver' transmitter combination. * In /out Switching • Ad[ustab)e TX and RX level controls
Model ISaS
IE CS7 Coax Switch
• Switcties up to five coaic-fed antennas via one main feed line. * Allows selection of up to five radios at other end of main feed line,
• Minimizes amount of coax rveeded for multi- antenna Installation • Grounds unused inputs (both local and remote).
DRAKE CS7 SPECIFICATIONS • Maximum Inpul Power 2000 waits PEP « Frequency Range: Up to 30 MHz, insertion of Switch changes VSWR no more than 1.05;T. From 30 MHz to 150 MHz. msertion changes VSWR no more than 1.5:1 (bofh switches). • Operallng Temperature Range: -40'F. to ISO^F. • Supply Voltage: 120 Vac or 240 V-ac selectable, 50/60 Hz, 50 watts. • Dimen$lon$ & Weight: Console — 5,25^H X 6.81 "W, 7.06" cabinet depth (13,3 x 17.3 X 17,9 cm); 4.33 lbs (196 kg); Remote Antwma Switch— 7.13 ^H x 5,88*W x 4.39 *D (ta.1 X 15.Q X 11.1 cmK 8:19' (20.8 cm) center to center mouniing: 5 lbs ^2.27 kg).
Model 1531
^ MS7 Matching Speaker
• Size: 75-0 K 6.9*^ K 4,6 "H excluding feet (19 X 17.5 x 11.6 cm). • Wetghl: ZSIbs(Vl3 kg).
li
Dry'* Dummy Loads
— no oil reqiMiwd
Model 1SS1
Moctel 1S50
Model 1551 Drake DL-1000
• 1000 watts for 30 seconds, with derating curve to 5 minutes. Accepts Drake FA 7 cooMng fan for extended high power operation. • VSWR o* 1-Sr1 max. 0-30 MHz • SO-239 coex connector
• Rubber feet for desk or bench use • Size 14" X 3.6" {:^,6 X 9.1 cm). Weight: 2 lbs (910 g).
Model 1S50 Drake DL-300
• 300 watts for 30 seconds, with derating cune to 5 minutes. * iuilt-in PL-2&9 coax connector for direct connection to rear of transceiver or transmitter --no jumper coax necessary. • VSWR of 1.1:1 max. 0-30 MhZ t.5 max 30-160 MHz • Ideaf as bench test device for amateur or commercial hf and vhf gear,
• Small size fits conveniently in any fiefd service tool box 6.7* x 2.06" tl7*0 x 5.3 cm*. Weight: 1 1 02 {310 0.
SpecfficatiOfts, avaitabitify and prices subiect to change without notice or obfigatton
1^19
R.L. DRAKE COMPANY
DRAKE
WH7
Directional Rf Wattmeter
Model 1514
• Direct tonal, in tine wattmeter, • Removable coupler provides remote metefing. • Three calibrated scales (0-20, 0-200, and 0-2000 watts. » Fourth scale provides direct reading VSWR,
SPECIFICATIONS: * Frequency Coverage: 1.8-30 MHz * Line Impedarvce: 50 ohm resistive. • Power Capability: 2000 W continuous. * Jacks, Removable Coupten Two SO-239 inpul and output connectors. • Semi* conduclort: Two power meter rectifiers.
• Accuracy: ±(bVo of reading + 1% of full scaled * VSWR Intertion: Insertion of wattmeter in Ime changes VSWR no more than 1.05:1, • Shipping We^ht: 3 lbs (1.4 kg).
• Dimensions: 5.3~H k eS^W x 7,5 '0 (13.5 X 17,5 X 19 cmK
Modei 1230
LA7 Line AmpEifier
Line output. 1 mW nominal into 600 ohm balanced, adjustable by internal pre-sel level conirof.
TV interference Filters
High Pass Filters for TV Sets
More than 40 dB attenuation at 52 MHz and l04ver. Protect the TV set from amateur trar^smitlers 6-1 60 meters.
Model r^o. 1603 Drake TV-300-HP
For 300 ohm twin lead. New tefminals for easy Installation.
Model No. 1610 Drake TV 75-HP
For 75 ohm TV coaxial cablei TV type "F'" connectors Installed.
**
540 Richard St . M^amfSbuFg. Ohio 45342: USA Phone: «5t3* 866-2421 • Teiex 28B-017
Low Pass Filters 4 for Transmitters %
Four pi sections for sharp cut off above the hf amateur tiands and 10 attenuate transmitter harmonics falling in any TV channel and fm band. 52 ohm. SO'239 connectors built m.
Mod^ No I60e Drake TV-3300-LP
1000 watts max, below 30 MHz Attenuation better than 80 dB above 41 MHz Helps TV hf interference, as well as harmonic interference.
Model No, 1605 Drake TV-42'LP
A four section fiHer designed with 43.2 MHz cut- off and extremely high attenuation in all TV chanr>els tor transmitters operating at 30 MHz and lower. Rated 100 watts input.
fteacJer S&vice— see paje 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 31
NEiy PRODUCE
AEA*S MODEL CK 1 ELECTRONIC KEYER
The new AEA Model CK*1 iam- bic electronic keyer incor- porates virtyally all of the fea- tures of the renowned AEA MorseMatic, with the exception of the trainer and t>eacon modes. The CK-1 keyer also has two preset speeds for fast recall and a stepped variable speed control for last contest opera- tion. The speed range Is 1- to 99-wpm in one-wpnT increments. The unit operates from 12 volts dc (plus or minus 3 volts dc) for maximum DXpedition flexibility. An optional ac adapter is avail- able from AEA.
The keyer offers the contest operator a competitive edge with a flexible automatic seriai number generator. The memory has a storage capability of dp- proximately 500 Morse charac- ters. AEA's exclusive soft parti- fioningT*^ of the memory means that all of the memory can be al- lotted lo one message or divided up into as many as ten separate messages of varying length as long as the total is no more than
the 500 characters. If you make a mistake loading the message^ ft can be easily corrected by us- ing exclusive AEA editing. The edit mode can save the CW op- erator time and frustration, es- pecially in loading a long mes- sage. The CK-1 memory can t>e loaded in the automatic word/ character space load for easy flawless memory loading or in the real-time load mode. In ei- ther case, memory load does not initiate until the first character Is sent so that there is no unde- sirable delay in playback. The memory playback can be halted in the middie of a message for manual keying by tapping the paddle and resumed where in* terrupled, or from the beginning. When loading memory, a signifi- cant drop in sidetone frequency signals a "memory full" condi- tion.
Tiie CK-1 keyer features a serial numt}er generator that was designed after analyzing suggestions from many suc- cessful contest winners. The serial number automatically increments each time a mes-
Jameco's desk top enciosures.
ABA'S CK'l electronic keyer.
sage preprogrammed with a serial number is sent. The serial number can even be repeated several times (m another mes- sage) If the exchange was not made* the first time* The serial number is not restricted to the same position In a message. It can be placed anywhere within a message and as many times as dasired, and it does not incre- ment until a message is repeat- ed. Any new serial number may be selected in lass than three seconds. The serial number can be loaded with as Irltle as one character space between it and the preceding character.
Like all other keyers in the AEA computerized electronic keyer line^ the CK-1 features in- dependent dot and dash ratio adjustment (full weighting). Also, dot and dash memories can be independently turned on or off. For the operator who en* joys operating with a bug, the CK-1 features semi-automatic operation. In the semi-auto bug mode, an operator can even load the message memories. The CK-1 will key any modern trans- ceiver and features a single out- put jack (RCA phono type) for keying either plus or minus key- jack voltages to ground. The CK-1 also features an automatic tune mode which can tje hatted by tapping any keypad button, or the paddle.
The CK-1 is packaged in a high-impact plastic case, ideal for placing next to the keyer paddle without wasting vdlu- able operating desk space. AEA engineering has provided max* imum rf protection to avoid frustrating false keying. All ICs are socketed and^ like all AEA products, each unit is fully test- ed and burned in at 50** C to
''shake out" component fail- ures. Mating power and paddle connectors are provided.
The CK-1 is easy to team and easy to use, providing the opera- tor the maximum amount of en- joyment with CW,
For further informatior^. con- tact Advanced Electronic Appti- cations, inc., PO Box 2160, Bldg^ O&P, 200&7B6thSW, Lynnwood WA 98036; (20e)'?75^73 73/524- 7374.
NEW DESKTOP ELECTRONIC
ENCLOSURES
Jameco Electronics has an- nounced a new Designer Series of desk-top enclosures to ac- commodate electronic equip- ment. These stylish enclosures are designed to blend and com- plement today's modern com- puter equipment and can be used In both industry and home.
The unique fouf^piece con- stryction of the series enables easy access for servicing while providing strong protection. The end pieces are precision-mold- ed high-strength epoxy with an internal slot (all arour^d) to ac- cept both top and bottom panels. The aluminum panels (.080" thick) are fastened to V*"- thick mounting tabs inside the end pieces to provide maximum rigidity. For service, the rear/bot- tom panel slides backward on slotted guide tracks.
The aluminum panels are coated with an alodine type 1200 finish for best paint adhe- sion. The molded end pieces are mocha brown, matte finish, but can be painted to match any col- or scheme.
The Designer Series enclo- sures are available in three
Continued on page 19$
32 73 Magazine • December, 1980
^■w»-ii
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fi^nA.
= * lf*k
'flMHtt
:(r\^^^f^ \i(f^ \
RF-4900
Tune m the Panasonic Command Series^
top-oWhe-Hne RF-4900. Everything you want in
short wave at a surprisingly affordable price.
Like f uorescent all-band readout with a five-diait
frequency display. It's so
accurate (within 1 kHz, to
be exact), you can tune in
a station even before it's H If i fIL+^*^
broadcasting. And with th^
RF-4900's eight short wav
bands, you can choose any
broadcast between 16 and
31 MHz, That's all short wave bands. That's Panasonic.
And what you see on the
outside Is justa small part of what Panasonic gives you Inside. Th#e's a double superheterodyne system for sharp reception stability and selectivity as wefl as image rejection. An input-tuned RF amplifier with a 3 -ganged variable tuning capacitor for excellent sensitivity and frequency linearity. Ladder-type ceramic fitters to reduce frequency Interference, And even an antenna trimmer that changes the front-end capacitance for reception of weak broadcast signals.
To help you Control all that soptristicated circuitry, Panasonic's RF4900 gives you atl these sophisticated controls. Like an all-gear*<Jrive
tuning control to prevent ^'backlash;' Separate ' wide/ narrow bandwidth selectors for crisp reception even in crowded conditions. Adjustable calibration for easy tunina to exact frequencies, A BFO pitch
control RF-gam contro for improved reception in strong Signal areas. An ANL switch. Evan separate bass and treble eontfOls. |i And if ail that short wave isn't enough, There^ more. Like SSB {single sideband) amateur radio. All 40 CB channels. Ship to shore, Even Morse communications.
AC / DC operation . And with
F^nasonlc's 4" fuH-range speaker, the big sound of AM and FM will really sound j^ig, There's also the Panasonic RF-2900. It has most of thfcfeatures of the RF-4900, but it costs a lot less. *•*
The Command Series from Panasonic. It you had short wave receivers as good. You wouldn't still be reading. Ybu d be listening.
^hoft wave reception wifl vary wtti antenna, wearher corKlitfons, optrstof^s geographic location and other factors An oLitajcf* antenna may ba r«<|ytred for fnajcimum s*ioft wave r^f ption
Panasonic. <
just slightly ahead of our ti me.
exciting new ideas from the
world's leading manufacturer of
amateur radio accessories
NEW MFJ/BENCHER
Keyer- Paddle Combo —
"The Pacesetter"
MFJ-422 Combo
$99
(+S4)
MFJ^422X Key er only
The best of all CVit woiicb — a deluxe
MFJ keycT in a compact connguraiion thui fits right on the BENCHER iambic paddJel And ytvu can buy ihc combination or just ihe keyer to fit on your BENCHER. New MFJ keyer — small in size, big in. features, Curtis 8044 IC. adjmmhk weight and lone, front panel volume ami speed cam rots (8*50 wpm), built-in doi-dash memories^ speaker, sideione, and push- button selection of semi-automatic/tune or automatic modes.
Ultra-reliable soLtd-state keying: grid- block, cathode and solid-state transmitters ("300 V, ID niA mux: +300 V. 100 mA max). Fully shielded. Uses 9 V battery or optional AC adapter (S7.95 +S2> Beautiful functional engineering* The keyer mount?* on the paddle base to form a small (4»4iWx2^H x SWU attractive com- bination that's a pleasure to lotik at and use. The BENCHER puddle is a best seller. Fully adjustable; gold-plated silver contacts; iucite paddlesi chrome plated brass; heavy steel base with non-skid feet.
NEW MFJ 4 & 8-Band Mobile Shortwave Converters
^7
.¥rj Ktmtt* t M'i.tiHkH (
7 # l#-i#-i#"i>
— -^1 >#-««■
MFJ-304
Aiwfher MFJ •'first/' these low cost mobile SWL converters paivide new excite- meni and variety lor your driving/listening pleasure
Two models to choose from. The 4-band ••World Explorer 1" (,MFJ-3tM) offen* com- plete 19, 25, ii and 49 meter coverage t the most popular HF bands due to their distance cap^iiities at various times of the day and year)- Hear countries tkim Europe, Africa, Middle East. Asia, the Islands, North and South America. The 8 -bund ''World Explorer W I MFJ^30S adds 13. 16, 4L and 60 meter bands i for even greater listening vaiietv. Compact and sensitive. The 4-band model
I - •• _•' .#?»?•'-#-
*^ taQBTBtw C^ra**^ '
MFJ>30B
measures just ^VaV^ x P^H x 4"D iq fit anywhere in your vehicle (the 8-band version is just 1" wider and l^deeper). Two Jual-gate MOSFETS give these converters excellent senxithiiy and seleaiviiy when combined with V our automotive receiver. Easy to mie, eas^ to install. FUsh a converter button to choose the band, tune in stations with your regular car radio. To install, jasi plug the car imtenna into the convener and insert the convener cable into your car radio antenna jack; connect the power lead lo 12 VDC.
Listen lo the ^orld on the road. Get the new MFJ mobile SWL converter — '* Workl lorers 1 & IL"
NEW MFJ Active CW/SSB/Notch Filters
jwf
&-.ld2
MFJ-722 MFJ-723
Two new su|»er-^lective filters. The new MFJ- 722 * 'Optimizer'" offers razor shuFp. no-ring CW filiermg with switch-selectable
bandwidihs (80. 110, 150, 180 Hz centered on 750 Hz), steep-skirted SSB filtering, and a 300-3000 Hz nmable 70 dB noich filter. The 8-jicjIe (4-stuge! active IC filter gives CW performance no tunable filter can mutch. (80 Hi bandwidth gives -60 dB response one octave from center and up to 15 dB noise reduction). Thv X pole SSB audio bandwidth
is optimized tor reduced sideband splatter and less QRM (375 Hz highpass cutoff plus selectable lowpass cutoffs ai 2.5. 2.0, and 1 ,5 kHz, 36 dB/octave lollofO. Size: 5x2x6", New model MFJ -723 is similar to ihe 722 but is forCW only, has a 60 dB notch tunable I mm 30()-l2(K) Hz. and measures 2x4x6", Other models: MFJ-72L $59.95, like 722 but less notch; MFJ-720, $39,95, like 723 but less notch.
Versatile, all models plug into the phone jack, provide 2 watt^ for speaker or can be used with headphones. Ail require 9-18 VDC. 300 mA max (or 110 VAC with optional AC adapter at $7.95 +$2). Enjoy pleasant listening and improved readsibiiitv with one of these new MFJ niters.
NEW MFJ *'Dry" 300W & 1KW Dymmy Leads
connectors; both rated to full
MFJ-262
MFJ-2eQ
(+S4)
<+S4)
toad for 30 !>econds; de-rating curves to 5 minuies Included. Just right for tests and fast tune up. Low VSWR, 300\V: ]A:\ mux to 30 MHz. ) .5:1 max. 30- 160 MHz. I kW: 1 .5:1 max to Air Coa^d^ non-inductive 50*ohm resistors 30 MHz. MFJ-260 (300W) is just in perforated metal housings with SO 239 2^x2^x7"; MFJ-262 (IkW) is 3x3x1 3'.
NEW MFJ Shortwave Accessories
TO ORDEA PflQDUCTS, CALL TOLL FREC
MFJ-KMO
MFJ- 1040 Receiver Preselector Boosts weak ^^igOj^lS', rejects out of band signals » reduces images. Covers LH-54 MHz with up to 20 dB gain from low noise MOSFET circuitry. Works with 2 antennas and 2 receivers (even XCVRS to 350W inpiit).
Built-in 20 dB attenuator prevents receiver overload. Also Includes auto-bypitss, deby contJoU PTT jack. Operates on 9 V battery,
34 73 Magailne • December, 1980
9-18 VDC, or 110 VAC with optional AC adapter, $7.95 +$2.
Model MFJ- 1045, $69.95, h the same le^is aitenuator. bypass, delay. PTT. 1 antenna & I receiver.
MFJ-1020 Indoor Active Antenna
*' World grabber/" nvaling or exceeding
reception of out^^ide long wires.
Unique tuned circuitry with amplificHtion
minimizes imennod distortion , improves selectivity reduces ttoise outside the tuned band, even functions a^ ^preseleaor w iih an external antenna. Covers 03-30 MHz in S hands. Telescoping ant,; tune, band, gain, on-off-bypass; l.c- '} V batter>, 9 18 VDC, or 110 VAC, with optu^naJ AC adapter at $7.95 +S2. 5x2x6*^.
mnim cMtge
800-647-ieOO
For tech. info., order or repair status, or calls outside contioental U.S. and inside Miss., call 601-323-5869.
« AI MFJ pniducts uncondifionaU> guimuiteed for iifie year i eveept as imtcd)
• Pniducls ordered from MFJ are returnable within 3() days for full refund llesh shipping)
• Add shipping Sc handlini* chargt^ in amounts !«}iown in parentheses
Write for FREE e;)talog« oier 60 products
ENTERPRISES
INCORPORATED
Box 4«M; Mississippi State. MS A9762
300 W Versa Tkiners — Versatile Bargains
^^^PF '*md
MFJ-941C
MFJ 941C Versa Tuner II
SU R + dual range wattmeter. 300 & 30
waits full i>CiiJc, forward & reflected power.
Sensitive meter measures SWR down ID 5 W
pueput.
6-poiulJon antenna switch selects 2 coax lines, direct or through tuner, random/ bJilanced line, or bypass for dummy load.
12-poi^ition airwound inductor, inult-m
Matches ever>tliing from 160-lOM, di-
poles, vees* randoms, venicais, mobile whip**, beaim.
Ea^ to use anywhere. Coax conn., binding posts, size 8x2x6" in eggshell while, walnyi-gmined sides. Mobile bracket, S3.
MFJ-949B
MFJ 949B Versa Tuner II
>Iatdies everything from L8*30MH2,
coax, randoms, bala ced lines, up to JQO W
output , so lid- SI ate or tubes. Tunes out SWR on dipotes. vees, long wires, vertical^i, whips, beams, quads. Built-in 4: 1 baJun; 2IKIm, 5CI-i>hm dummy load: ^^WR meter and 2-ran^e wattmeter (300w & 30w).
6" position antenna switch., 12 -position air- wound inductor; coax connectors, bind- ing posis. black and beige case 10x3x7". 4 Other 300W Models: MFJ-940, $79;95, (+S4). like 94 IC less bulun. MFJ-M5, $79.<>5, (+S4) like ^1C less ant. switch. MFJ-944, $79,95, (+S4) like 945, less SWRM'au meter MFJ -943, $69,95, (+54) like 944, le&s anL switch.
i'T^*.
® ^ ^
MFJ- 900
200 W Economy TXiners do the job for less
Works with an> tranjiceiver, solid-state or
lube type.
Increases antenna bandwidth to operate
all bands. 50-239 -i- buidint! post: 5x2x6"'.
2 OTHER 200W MODFLS:
MFJ-901, $54.95, (+S4) like 900 bu!
includes 4:1 balun for u^ with balanced
lines.
MFJ-16010, $34.95, (-^$4) for random
wires onh\ Great for apanmem. motel,
camping, operation. Tlines 1 .8-30 MHz.
MFJ-900 — improved but still low cost Matches coax, random wires / .8-30 MHz. Handles up to 200 watts output; efficient airwound inductor gives more watts out.
1,5 KW Versa Toners
MFJ 962 VERSA Tuner III
Run up to 1.5 KW PEP^ match any feed
line from 1 .8-30 MHz.
Built-in SWR/Wattmeter has 2000 and
200 watt ran|:es* foruard and reflected.
6- position antenna switch handles 2 coax
lines, direct or through tuner, plus wire and
balanced lines,
BuOt-in 4:1 ferrite balun; 250 pf 6 kV
capacitors: 12 pos. inductor; ceramic
switches; black cabinet and panel .
low cost power handlers
MFJ-d62
.ANOTHER US KW MODEL
MFJ %1, S179,95. t +S10) similar but less the SWR/Wattmeter
MFJ-S84
3 KW Deluxe Antenna Toners — MFJ's best
lines through tuner and 1 coax through or
direct to antenna* random wire, balanced
line, and dummy load.
Built-in 200 watt, 50 ohm dumntv load.
BuiU-in 4:1 ferrite baiun: 250 pf 6 kV
capacitors: 5x14x14" black & aluminum.
Compare this MFJ dduxe 3 kW tuner
with anyl You'll agree MFJ gives you
more.
3 MORE 3 KW MODELS
MFJ 981, $199.95, ( + $10) similar to 984
but less the 7-posilion antenna switch and 10
amp. RF ammeter. MFJ 982, $199.95,
( + $10) similar to 984 but less 10 amp. RF
ammeter and dual range SWR/Waumeter.
MFJ-9S0, $169.95, (+$10) similar to 984
but less antenna switch, RF ammeter and
SWR/Wattmeier.
MFJ 984 V#rsa Tuner IV
lip to 3 kW PEP and it matches any Jeediine, l.B-30 MHz, coax, balanced or random.
Exclusive 10 amp RF ammeter assunes maximum powder at minimum SWR. Separate SWRAVaitmeter, forward and reflected , with 2000 and 200 wall ranges. IS-positloitdual inductor, ceramic switch. 7-po«ition antenna switch handles 3 coax
World leoder in flntennci Tunor/
15 model/ to ehoo/e from
Other MFJ Shack Favorites
MFJ-102
NEW 12/24 Hour Digital ClocL ID Timer Switch fiom 12 hr, to GNfT, to * seconds** madoui. ID timer or elapsed imier. WWV sync, solkl-siute, blue 0.6'' digits, reg. atarm + indicators, \ 10 VAC, 60 Hz, 6.\2]i3*'.
MFJ-4a4
$139
95
M>
MFJ Grandmaster Memory Ke} er has up
to twelve 25 ch. mes^iages plus 100, 75* 50 or 25 ch. messages <4096 biis) thai repeat continuously or in adjustable pauses (to 2 min.): full controls: 8-50wpm; solid state kevingi 12-15 VDCor tlOVAC with adapter ($7.95 +$2),
MFJ-7$2B
MFJ Dual Tunable SSB/CW Filter; prim- ary filler has peak, notch, lowpass and highpass; aux- tlher notches to 70 dB or p<Sks to 40 Hz; both tune 300-3000 Hz with bandwidth from 40 Hz to flat; constant output; noise limiien 2 inputs; 9-18 VDC 300 mA: or 1 10 VAC with adapter (57,95 ^S2) i0x2\6"
TO onocn products, call toli, free 800-647-1800
For tech. info,, order or repair status, or calls outside continental U.S. and inside Miss-, call 601-323-5869.
• All M¥i products unconditicMially gtiarontecd for Dni; >i*ar t i'\ct*pt ds notid)
• Products orden^ from MFJ are rriumahle within M\ da>s for full refund (les^ shippinpii
• Add sliipEiin^ ik handling charges in ammmts ^hown ill purtnthi^;»eii
Write for FRKE catahjj^, over U\ products
ENTERPRISES
INCORPORATED
BoK 4**4: Miiisassippi State, MS 39762
v^ Reaaef ServfC^^iee page ^26
73 Magazine • December, 1960 35
who Really Invented Radio?
the twisted tale of Nathan B. Stubblefield
Urry K^haner WB2NtL 73 Associdfe Ednor
(decided to buy the $3-a- day collision insurance for my Avis rent-a-car It might be that kind of as- signment.
When they send you to
unravel the twisted tale of Nathan B. Stubblefield— who Murray, Kentucky, res- idents insist invented radio while Marconi was just a lad — you're bound to run
into trouble.
As I neared town, I first heard it on the AM radio. The country-western sta- tion played, appropriately enough, ''Stand By Your
j^
■•-^-ii
Photo A. Family and friends gathered (date unknown) at the home of Nathan B. Stubblefield on North 16th Street, Murray, Kentucky. From left, Sam Stubblefield, the black man, and then, identified by numbers, (1) Mr, John P. McEtrath;(2) Mrs. lohn P. McElrath: (3) O. L Hale; (4) John H. Keys; (5) Mrs. John H. Keys; (6J lames M. Cole; (7) Solon Higgins; (8) Mrs. Solon Higgins;l9) O. /. Jennings; (10) Mrs. Elta Hafe Woodruff; and then, [1} Pattie Stubblefield; (2) Helen Could Stubblefield; (3) Oliver Stubblefield; (4) Victoria Stubblefield; (5] Mrs. Hattie Keys Beale; (6) Bernard Stubblefield; (7] Isaac W. Keys; (8) lames H. Coleman; (9) Abe Thompson; (10) Ben 8, Keys; (11) George Catlin; (U) Tip W//cox; (13) Nathan B, Stubblefield, and (14) Mrs. Nathan B. Stubblefield, (Photo courtesy of Murray State University.)
36 73 Magazine • December, 1980
Photo B. Willhm Call K14W, vice president and trustee of the Murray State Urriversity Amateur Radio Club, pointing
out his solar panel employBd for Field-Day operation this year. '7t may have been magnetic induction. But you won't
find that opinion around here much because it offends peo- ple. They want to believe he invented radio/'
Photo C Ronnie Outtand, 22, lives next to the private ceme- tery v/here Stubblefieid is buried. "Until recent years the grave was not kept up. There were weeds all around and I used to play here when t was younger. There was a big corh troversy about whether he invented radio- Now they think he did/'
Man/' and its cal] letters were WNBS: Nathan B. Stubblefieid. These folks were serious.
When I arrived in Murray and called the motel, I saw ft in the phone book. Right there on page lit was a pho- to of Nathan B. standing in the woods, head cocked to one side, holding the wireless device to his ear. The text called him the in- ventor of the radio- Add to that the granite monument in front of his homesite and the state highway market pinpoint- ing his birthplace, and there was little doubt left
Murrayites meant busi- ness.
Who was that man with the bowler hat and handle- bar moustache? And why, if he invented radio, has he been largely ignored out- side of Murray? And why, if he had willing financial backers for his invention, did he die a pauper, found locked in his cabin outside of Murray where a pet cat seeking moisture had licked out his dried eyes? And why was it that the hundreds of articles written about Stub- blefieid, a PhD thesis, and a play about his work failed
to halt the controversy and contradictions surrounding this eccentric genius?
It was frustrating enough to make me aim my silver Chevette for the nearest telephone pole and take ad- vantage of that SS-anJay coverage.
Instead, I headed for Murray State University where Dr Keith Heim, head of special collections, had gathered a respectable file of information. Unfortu- nately, most of it was sec- ondary source material.
In the journalism biz, in- formation is divided into primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are best because they in- clude government docu- ments, photographs, taped and transcribed interviews with people who witnessed an event, and so on. Sec- ondary sources include magazine, newspaper, and other pieces written about an event. They are not as re- liable as primary sources because they are second- hand information. Primary sources are the writers' mother lode.
MSU's Stubblefieid files
contained materials (even from highly touted publica* tions) that contradicted
Photo D. Gravestone in Photo C located behind the Watson home^ Route fl, about a mile north of Murray,
each other I saw differ- ences in simple items such as names, dates, spellings, and attribution. Even Stub- blefield's middle name was argued. Smart money is on Beverly, but some pieces list it as Bowman (his moth- er's maiden name) or Bed- ford. Each additional arti- cle I read only muddled the issue.
In addition, it appeared that much of what has been written about Stubblefieid was based on the research of two prominent Murray citizens who are less than unbiased about the role of the farmer/inventor in ra-
dio's early days.
It was not an auspicious
beginning.
Some things are certain, however. Few disagree that Stubblefieid was born in 1860 in Murray, the son of Victoria and William Stub- blefieid. He was a loner and had few friends besides Duncan Holt, a boyhood chum.
As they grew up, they be- came fascinated by the work of Nikola Tesia and Heinrich Rudolf Hertz. They read all they could about the burgeoning inter- est in this new concept of electrical waves and com-
73 Magazine • December, 1980 37
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rnunication, They spent hours reading magazines, Scient'fiic American being a favorite.
Stubblefield and his wife had several children, but only their son Bernard took
a fancy to his father's tin- kering, and he later became a trusted cohort.
Another man, Rainey T. Wells, who went on to found Murray State Teach- ers College, figured heavily
Photo E. Monument erected by L }. Hortin and othefs to mark the home (since torn down) of Stubblefield. The mas- sive stone was established at the edge of the MurraY State University campus in the 1930s.
in the inventor's life and was allegedly present when Stubblefield demonstrated his wireless invention in 1892. Before that though, Stubblefield supposedly told Holt of his discovery in 1885 However, it was not until January 1, 1902, that he gave the first document- ed public demonstration of his device in Murray's town square.
The instruments he and his son exhibited by the courthouse consisted of a transmitter and receiver— 200 feet a part — and metal rods thrust into the ground connected by wire to both devices. Coils spread all over the walkway.
In an interview with a St. Louis Post-Dispatch report- er ten days after the demon- stration, Stubblefield was quoted as saying: "I had been working on this ten or twelve years before I heard
of Marconi's efforts (Mar- coni successfully sent ra- diotelegraphy in 18%, but not voice) or the efforts of others to solve the problem of transmission of messages through space without wires. I have solved the problem of telephoning without wires through the earth as Signor Marconi has of sending signals through space. But I can also tele- phone without wires through space as well as earth because my medium is everywhere/'
He never said what that medium was.
Stubblefield demonstrat- ed his wireless voice device on his farm to the reporter. Bernard stayed in the house while his father and the re- porter walked to a cornfield about 500 yards away.
The reporter wrote: "The transmitting apparatus is concealed in a box. Two
38 73Magazme • December, 1980
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wires of the thickness of a lead pencil coil from its cor- ners and disappear through the walls of the room and enter the ground outside. On top of the box is an ordi- nary telephone transmitter and a telephone switch. This is the machine through which the voice of the send- er is passed into the ground to be transmitted by the Earth's electrical waves to the ear of the person who has an instrument capable of receiving and reproduc- ing it.
"We went into the corn- field back of the house. Af- ter walking five hundred yards, we came to the ex- perimental station the in- ventor has used for several months. It is a dry goods box fastened to the top of a stump. A roof to shed the rain has been placed on top of it; one side is hinged for a door, and the wires con-
nected with the ground on both sides run into it and are attached to a pair of telephone receivers. The box was built as a shelter from the weather and as a protection to the receivers. I took a seat in the box and Mr. Stubblefield shouted 'hello' to the house. This was a signal to his son to be- gin sending messages. I placed the receiver to my ear and listened. Presently, there came with extraordi- nary distinctness several spasmodic buzzings and then a voice which said: 'Hello, can you hear me? Now I will count to ten. One-two-three-four-five-six- seven-eight- nine-ten. Did you hear that? Now I wi whisper.
ttt
The demonstration con- tinued with the reporter and Stubblefield walking about a mile from the house, the reporter placing
the rods anywhere he wished and hearing Bernard talk as clearly as when they were 500 yards away.
The reporter quoted Stubblefield: "The earth, the air, the water, all the universe as we know it is permeated with the remark- able fluid which we call
electricity, the most won- derful of Cod's gifts to the world and capable of the most inestimable benefits when it is mastered by man. For years I have been trying to make the bare earth do the work of the wires. I know now I have con- quered it/'
Photo F. The back of the monument in Photo E.
73 Mag^iine • December^ 1
39
Photo C This sign, erected by the state of Kentucky, marks
Stubbleiietd's birthplace, tronically, it is almost directly op- posite the tower of radio station WNBS.
Stubblefield claimed his invention would work for any distance. He also said that eventually he would in- vent a tuning apparatus so that many conversations could go on at the same time without interference. And, he said it wasn't neces- sary to use the ground rods.
The father and son team demonstrated the wireless device in Philadelphia, New York, and Washington, D.C. Newspapers and magazines documented the events and Stubblefield's fame grew. The March 20, 1902, experi- ment was particularly unique in that Stubblefield transmitted from the ship Bartholdi on the Potomac River, and it was billed as the "First Marine Wireless Telephone Demonstra- tion." He transmitted about ¥4 of a mile.
During all his demonstra- tions, Stubblefield em- ployed what he called "an earth battery/' Although no
one knows for sure what it was, Stubblefield claimed the cell, which he placed in the ground, converted the earth's natural current into electricity. That, in turn, transmitted his voice.
tStubblefietd received patent #600,457, March 8, 1898, for a "primary bat- tery" consisting of a bare iron wire and insulated cop- per wire wound helically on an iron core. The patent claimed this construction increased the output of the couple, using water as an electrolyte. A couple is two dissimilar metals touching. He proposed placing the battery in moist earth, but it was never proven to be the one used in his voice trans- mission experiments, al- though it probably was.)
Interestingly enough, his Philadelphia experiments as well as his Washington showings were successful, but his New York trip was a bust. Some observers attri-
W|
Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the Comman- wealth of Kentucky: That the General Assembly of the Com* monweallh of Kentucky hereby publicty recognizes Nathan B. Stubblefield. who was a native of the city of Murray^ Calloway County, Ky^ as the true Inventor ot the radio, and it is the sen* timent of the General Assembly that said Nathan B. Stubble- field \& entitted to the highest honor and respect at the hands of the people of this Commonwealth and ot this nation for his outstanding service.**
— Resolution by the Kentucky Legislature, 1944.
bute the poor performance to the hard, dry bedrock in the area,
Around this time, Stub- blefield became quite well known. Scientific American printed an article about his work, and a coterie of sharp financiers took notice. They saw his system as a money- maker. A group of New York businessmen formed The Wireless Telephone Company of America to promote the still unpatent- ed device. Several Murray men owned stock. But, for some reason, Stubblefield shied away from the opera- tion after it got underway. It's rumored that he turned down a half million dollars for his invention.
He finally applied for a patent on April 5, 1907, and received it May 12, 1906. He also obtained foreign patents.
Then, for some unknown reason. Stubblefield re- treated to his home, disillu- sioned, distant and despon- dent.
Some say his invention was stolen. Others say he became angry at his back- ers' greed, Stiil others con- tend he went mad.
After a Washington trip in 1912, Stubblefield told his friends and associates to withdraw their investments, go away, and leave him alone. That same year his house burned to the ground.
Later, his wife and chih dren left him and he built a cabin about six miles north of Murray. There he contin- ued to tinker, and apocra- phyl stories abounded about his strange experi- ments which supposedly in- volved drawing energy from the earth for lighting.
He died March 28, 1928, of natural causes, and two days later Horace Chur- chill, country coroner, and his son, Ronald, broke down the door to Stubble- field's cabin. He was dead on the floor.
In his report, Churchill
wrote: " he had been
dead for some time. I wouldn't know, but he was pretty stiff and all Rigor mortis has set in. That cat had licked out his entire eyeball sockets. That's what the cat was doing/'
One question still re- mains amid all the conjec- ture, weird tales, and ques- tionable articles. Did Nathan B. Stubblefield in- vent radio? Are the people of Murray correct; did hometown boy make good?
It alt depends on how you look at it and who you ask,
L. |. Hortin, one-time chairman of the Murray State University iournalism school, spent 50 years studying Stubblefield. He has written hundreds of ar- ticles about the man and his work and is responsible for raising most of the money for a monument at Murray State University honoring Stubblefield.
But, like Stubblefield, Hortin appears distant and bitter about the whole af- fair, and although he claims to possess documents, affi- davits, and photos attesting to Stubblefield's inven- tions, he refuses to let any- one see them. "I've been giving it out free for years/' Hortin said. "I'm tired of people making fun of him and getting their informa- tion wrong. I've decided to put it all together and write a book.
"Pardon my vehemence/' he continued, "but Tve been doing this for 50 years.
"I say he invented radio about 1890, but I don't think anyone really knows. When someone questions me, 1 say, 'Let's see what you have. Who do you think did it?' That usually quiets them down,
"Radio is a device that transmits and receives voice over considerable dis- tance without connecting wires/' Hortin said. "Stub- blefield invented, manufac- tured, and demonstrated
40 73 Magazine • December, 1980
such a device and did so before anyone else on this planet. That's my claim." He described "considerable distance" as several miles,
James L. Johnson is an- other unabashed Stubble- field booster. In a 1961 speech, the former execu- tive secretary of the Murray chamber of commerce told the annual convention of The Kentucky Broadcaster Association in Louisville: "'Hello Rainey Hello Rainey/ These four words, highly insignificant in them- selves, were the gateway that opened a fabulous in- dustry in the late 19th and early 20th century. These were the first words ever broadcast by radio. These four words put you people in business/'
Following the address, the association presented the chamber of commerce a plaque recognizing Nathan B. Stubblefield as the inventor of broadcast radio.
But Riley Kaye W4LMF holds a different view of the Stubblefield story.
'1 think Stubblefield in- vented the induction tele- phone. He used loops above the ground. There appeared to be no carrier. He used audio frequencies, and that's where the chal- lenge comes in/' said the man who worked for 7 years as chief instructor at RCA and high-frequency development engineer for Western Electric in Chi- cago.
"There is no proof that he used radiation. There's no proof he used resonant cir- cuits. That would be radio/'
Kaye, 9DKN during sparkgap days, added: "No- body can challenge that he didn't invent the wireless telephone and that he was the first to transmit voice without wires. He deserves a lot of credit and Murray can be proud of him/'
Despite its limitations, Kaye believes that Stubble- field's system needs a clos-
er look, 'It's not a private system, but it is cheap. It has a range of about five miles and seems perfect for community civil defense and emergencies. That avenue has not been pur- sued."
{Note that in Stubble field's patent the ground rods are missing. In his early work, he employed a con- duction system of tele- phony using the earth, but he later switched to an in- duction system. Evidently, Stubblefield confused the two media, thinking his voice traveled through both of them in a simitar fashion.)
Another local ham takes issue with the Stubblefield saga. William Call K]4W is vice-president and trustee of the Murray State Univer- sity Amateur Radio Club. "It may have been magnet- ic induction/' he said. "But you won't find that opinion around here much because it offends people. They want to believe he invented radio. On what I've seen/' the school's electrical engineer said, 'M don't believe he invented radio, but one thing almost everyone agrees on is that Stubblefield was a genius/'
That he was.
Assaults on his claims of inventing radio have drawn attention from Stubble- field's other brilliant inven- tions. In 1888, he patented the first mechanical telephone, and he linked Murray with the system. It worked well until Bell in- troduced his electrical telephone which was supe- rior in voice quality and re- liability. He also invented a new type of primary bat- tery, previously mentioned, whose revolutionary design stepped up dry-cell technol* ogy many notches.
So, if Stubblefield didn't invent radio — and it ap- pears from his patent that he really didn't — who did?
According to many ex-
Photo H. Built in 1948, radio station WNBS was the first broadcast station in Murray. Its call letters were chosen to honor Nathan B. Stubblefield.
perts, another relatively un- known inventor, Reginald Aubrey Fessenden, on De- cember 11, 1906, gave the first public demonstration of voice transmission using Hertzian waves — radio as we know it.
The exhibition by the one-time chief chemist of Thomas Edison's lab took place at Brant Rock, Massa- chusetts. He reportedly told a journalist in 191 5 that he had been toying with the invention for some time and perfected it in Decem- ber, 1900. He gradually in- creased the transmission range until, in 1904, he couid cover 25 miles Then he offered it to the Navy for development,
Fessenden was born Oc- tober 6, 1866, in East Bol- ton, Quebec, and died July 23, 1932, in Bermuda.
So, it appears that al- though Stubblefield didn't invent radio, he was indeed
the first person to send wireless voice transmission and suggest that it be em- ployed in a moving vehicle such as a boat or horseless carriage.
But he holds another ti- tle, too. He was the first to transmit wireless voice from a ship.
In a 1971 thesis paper for Florida State University ti- tled 'The Contribution of Nathan B. Stubblefield to the Invention of Wireless Voice Transmission/' au- thor T, Morgan wrote: "Nathan B. Stubblefield was not the father of radio broadcasting, Stubblefield was the first man to suc- cessfully transmit and re- ceive the human voice with- out wires. Therefore, let him be called the father of wireless voice transmission, for this title is truly his/'
Perhaps I should drive to East Bolton and see if the residents there agree. ■
73 Magazine • December, 1980 41
CBfl M. Cheman WA3UER 1 13S Constitution Drive TaiBntum PA 15QQ4
In Search of the Elusive SES
track solar activity with this simple
VLF receiver
With the continuing and growing interest in solar flare activity, in-
cluding tlie predictions for Cycle 21, radio amateurs and experimenters alike are
searching for methods to follow and record this fascinating phenomenon
Photo A, Finished package with the fine-tune control added^
The SES (Sudden Enhance- ment of Signal) receiver that 1 am going to describe in this article provides a simple answer.
When a solar flare occurs on the sun, there is a major emission of X-rays, This has the effect of increasing the electron density of the D layer, immediately enhanc- ing the storm noise (or the transmitted signal) to levels about twice normal The ef- fect is very prominent in the LF and VLF ranges. This enhancement, though it has a rather rapid rise time as seen from the recordings in Fig. 1, has a slow decay time as the D layer reestablishes its normal condition which can take from 30 minutes up to an hour.
Heat generated by the sun in the daytime periods expands the gas in the D layer, lowering its efficien- cy for radio propagation
42 73 Magazine • December, 198D
Photo B. Prototype receiver — front view.
during the day. Similarly, the cooling of the layer allows the gas to contract increasing its efficiency; this, of course, is the reason that AM radio stations are received at greater dis- tances at night. There also are seasonal effects which occur as the Earth heats or coots, depending upon the angle of the sunlight as it strikes the Earth.
Receivers used to record these enhancements come in two categories. The first is an SEA receiver that is tuned to an unused fre- quency spectrum in the VLF range— hence the name;
Sudden Enhancement of Atmospherics, The second type is tuned to a transmit- ted signal in the VLF range, and is the SES receiver — re- ferred to above. SES receiv- ers are easier to tune, and you do not have to be an ex- pert to interpret the record- ing charts.
Building the SES Receiver
A proven circuit for building a tunable SES re- ceiver is shown in Fig. 2. It is basically a high-gain ampli- fier which is tunable from 17.8 to 35 kHz. If you use the exact components shown on the schematic,
Photo C Prototype receiver— rear view, showing the shield- ing method used.
the frequency range will be from 17.& to 23 kHz. This circuitry is then followed by a detector and integrator and finally by adc amplifier which brings the dc signal- related current up to a proper level to operate an analog meter or a recording device.
The recorder recom- mended is a model 288 Rustrak (0-100 uA) with a chart speed of 1" per hour, although 1 have used Ester- line Angus 0-1 -m A chart recorders successfully. The receiver has more than
enough gain to peg a 0-1 -m A meter.
All of the parts used in the construction of the re- ceiver are standard, with the exception of the induc- tor coils. These inductor coiis (Miller 6319) are high- Q types and are Litz-wire wound. They can be ob- tained from Bell Industries, J. W. Miller Division, 19070 Reyes Avenue, PO Box 5825. Compton CA 80224.
Wiring of the circuit is not critical; however; I sug- gest that a socket be used to mount the IC amplifier. A
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Fig. 1. Actual recordings showing characteristic fast rise/slow decay times.
73 Magazine • December, 1980 43
Photo D. Shield removed to show coils, U,L2, and gain pot
substitution for the RCA CA3035 amplifier array is the more-readily-available Sylvania ECG 785 Both wideband amplifier arrays are made up of three irv dividual ultra high-gain amplifiers. These amplifiers have low noise characteris- tics, can be operated either independently or in cas- cade, and have excellent high cascade voltage gain— 129 dB at 40 kHz. The output transistor [RCA SK3019) can be replaced with either a Sylvania ECC'1 08 or a GE-214. Power supply requirements are 93 V dc for optimum opera- tion, but any well-regulated 12-volt power supply can be used. The higher the voltage, the ''choppier" the trace will become on the recording.
Initial Tuning Procedure
Run the cores of LI and L2 completely in. Proceed to turn the gain control (Rl) Vi turn clockwise. Connect the antenna (preferably an Ift-foot vertical or an 8-foot CB whip) to the receiver in- put jack. Ground the receiv- er using a good earth ground. Connect an oscillo- scope (using the vertical in- put) to the test-point Jack on the receiver. Turn out LI one full turn. A large sine wave will appear on the screen, showing a promi- nent ''hump."
If you have used the components specified in the schematic, this wil I be a signal coming from 17.8^ kHz [NAA, Coutler, Mail The format of thi: ted signal is such that it can-^
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not be used in solar flare studies, so continue to turn the core of LI out. The 17.8-kHz signal should drop out and a small hump wilL* appear. This will be 18,6^ kHz— NAA's 1-megawattyJ station. If the signal has good strength, by all means record it. If the signal is weak, as in my case, con- tinue with the turning by opening the core of LI until it's almost fully open or un- til a large signal reappears on the screen. -s,^^
This signal will be 21,4 kHz (NSS) radiating aj 200-kW signal This station is an excellent choice for flare propagation recording for a number of reasons. First, it is easy to access (you cannot mistake the signal) and tuning is straightforward. Second, my records, along with the records at the AAVSO {American Association of Variable Star Observers] show that a lot of small flares are recorded at this frequency while they are often completely missed at other low frequencies.
If an oscilloscope is not
available for tuning, the receiver can be tuned with a 0=200 uA meter placed across the receiver's record- er output terminals. When coil LI is turned, a promi- nent peak will indicate that you have tuned the signal.
Final Tuning Procedure Disconnect the oscillo-
tp
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Fig. 2. Circuit for a tunable SES receive/.
scope or tuning meter and place a recorder at the designated terminals. Turn up gain control Rl to give you a mid'Scale reading of either 50 uA or close to 1 mA if you are using a 0-1 -mA recorder. By turning LI in and out a few threads, peak the signal. Fine-tune the signal with 5-6 turns of L2. In some cases, it wtll show a prominent increase; in others, it wil! not. (Since all coils are not the same, the tuning of L2 may vary.) To test for oscillation, disconnect the antenna; the signal on the recorder should drop to zero or al- most to zero. When the ground is disconnected, the signal definitely should drop to zero.
Other Hints and Correlation ideas
The receiver itself can be
housed in any standard metal or wood enclosure, but be sure to make use of adequate shielding around the inductor coils to ensure proper mixing. I use small, lined aluminum cans at- tached to brackets which are mounted to the circuit board. These make excel- lent shields.
Good correlation on an official basis for flare re- cording and verification may be obtained by send- ing for a weekly solar data bulletin (free) printed by the government Write to the Space Environment Ser- vices Center, Space En- vironment Laboratory ERL, NOAA, Boulder CO 80302. Ask for the preliminary report and forecast of solar geophysical data
Circuit boards for build- ing the receiver are avail- able from me for $8.00 each, plus postage
For those further Inter- ested in solar flares and flare recording, my Hand- book of Solar Flare Monitor- ing and Propagation Fore- casting is available from Tab Books. ■
44 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 45
Don hbody WA0PBQ
8413 Riggs
Overland Park KS 66212
An Even Better IC Timer
better than what?
Photos by Joe Woelfel
This is the front of the iimer. Three 7-segment LEDs are behind a red plastic filter mounted in the upper left section. One digit is to the left of the letters; two are on the right Discrete LEDs behind the H-M and M-5 indicate whether the tinner is in the hours/minutes or mmutes/seconds mode. They are controtled by the toggle in the upper center. Thumbwheel switches are in the upper right section. The white frame is a piece of plastic covering a mistake made when cutting the hole. Lying on top of the timer is the remote switch box con- nected by a 4-wire cable. Woodgrain contact vinyl was used to cover the bare aluminum of the Radio Shack cabinet Labels are dry transfer letters.
46 73 Magazme • December, 1980
This project is a good ex- ample of the use of elaborate means to accom- plish a simple task. Having become hopelessly hooked on the fun and logic of TTL devices, I was intrigued by an article by Kenneth Wil- liams WB3ELV, in 73, Sep- tember, 1978, He had de- signed a circuit board for a 10-minute ID timer de- scribed by Ken Henry K3VTZ in a May, 1977, 73 article. His timer used a sin- gle 7-segment readout and cycled through lOminute intervals.
After reading most of the series of 73 articles on how to use ICs, by Alexander McLean WA2SUT, [ decid- ed it would be more fun to have a timer which indicat- ed minutes and seconds, t had a 10-m in ute timer work- ing on the breadboard when I found another 73 article, "Build a Unique Timer/' by Marc Leavey WA3AJR [Au- gust 1977). His timer, built for darkroom use, will time to either 99 seconds or 99 minutes and used a 555 as the timebase. That article exposed me to the 7485 comparator chip and
thumbwheel switches. My timer grew out of all these, along with some basic de- sign concepts from The TTL Cookbook.
My timer will do every- thing these wfll do and more. It will run to any user- selected time up to 9 min- utes, 59 seconds by seconds or it will run from 1 minute to 9 hours, 59 minutes by minutes At the end of the selected interval, an alarm may be sounded and a 115-V ac appliance may be turned on or turned off. The timing sequence may be in- terrupted by a manual re- set. The timer may also be used as a stopwatch or an elapsed-time recorder. It may be stopped and restart- ed with or without resetting to zero
The block diagram, Fig. 1, shows the general opera- tion of the timer. A wave- shaper converts 60-Hz sine* wave current from the transformer secondary into the square wave required by TTL. A gate, controlled by a start/stop flip-flop, routes these pulses to the divider chain which divides by 60 twice to produce one pulse per second and one pulse per minute. These, as selected by the mode switch, go to the counter/ driver/display section which shows minutes and seconds or hours and min- utes. The output of the counters is compared with the settings of external thumbwheel switches. When these match, an alarm sounds and all divid- ers and counters are reset to zero.
The wave-shaper consists of two resistors, a diode, and a Schmitt trigger cr re u it using two inverters on Ul. I have seen circuits which used only a diode to clip the sine-wave output, but I did not get dependable trig- gering until I included the trigger. Most TTL devices requ ire negative-going pulses and tend to get con- fused unless they see very
fast high-to-low switching. The circuit shown does not produce a 50% duty cycle square wave, but the nega- tive-going pulses follow each other at a 60-Hz rate. Switching time is very short— on the order of a few nanoseconds.
The shaper output goes to the divider chain through a gate on U2 controlled by the start/stop flip-flops. U3 and U4 divide by 6 and 10 and produce one pulse per
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Fig. 1. Biock diagram.
60**t AC H*
Fig, 2. Schematfc.
73 Magazine * December. 1980 47
Interior view showing the inside of the front panel and part of the main circuit board. Displays are upper right; thumb- wheel switches are at the left. The 7447 display drivers and segment current-limiting resistors are in the lower center. Below them are the 7490 and 7492 decoders. The unortho- dox wire connections to two of the drivers were added to correct errors on the circuit board. Because of omitted foil connections, wires were forced into the sockets beside IC pins.
second. This is further divid- ed by 6 and 10 by U5 and U6 to produce one pulse per minute.
The one-per-second or one-per-minute pulses, as selected by the mode switch, S5, are fed to the di- vider chain consisting of U9, U10, and U11. Each of these feeds a 7447 driver and a 7-segment LED read- out. The outputs of U9, U10, and U11 are compared with the settings of three BCD thumbwheel switches by U15, U16, and U17, When those outputs match, pin 6 of U17 goes high, re- sets all counters to zero, sets off an alarm, and trips an SPOT relay which switches one 115-V ac out- let on and another off.
U7 is wired to form two interconnected R-S flip- flops. One is used to start and stop the timer by oper- ating a gate on U2 which controls the 60-Hz pulse to the divider chain. This per- mits stopping and restarting the timer without resetting the counters to zero. Inter- rupting the count at this point introduces a mini-
mum of error. The other flip-flop is used to control the reset line to all dividers and counters. When pin 6 of U17 goes high, pins 3 and 4 of U7 and the reset line go high. This stops all counting and resets the dividers and counters to zero. The reset line stays high until the start button is pushed, which drives the reset line low and permits the counters and di- viders to operate. Closing the start switch also sets the reset flip-flop so that it is ready to accept a new pulse from U17, The reset line also can be driven high manually by S3.
U10, a 7492, needed some special treatment. To show tens of seconds (or miniJtesX the counter has to count to 5 and reset to zero on the sixth count. On the sixth count, a negative-go- ing pulse must be provided to the input of U11, the min- utes (or hours) counter. Pin 9 of the 7492 goes high on the fourth count and low on the sixth count, U11 ignores the positive-going pulse and is triggered by the nega- tive-going pulse. However,
Rear view showing jylacement of tone duration and volume pots, voltage regulator, and external connections. The four- hole socket at the left is for the remote switch box. At the right are two 115 V ac sockets, "'THEN'' is hot at the end of the pre-set timing period. "NOW is hot during the timing period.
if left to proceed through its normal count cycle, the pin 9 output would remain low for 10 more counts, trigger- ing U11 only every second nninute (or hour).
There is a solution, though. Pin 8 goes high on the sixth count, so that out- put can be used to reset the counter to zero, and U11 is triggered every sixth count. Connecting pin 8 of U10 directly to its reset pins, 6 and 7, interfered with the operation of the system-re- set from U2. A diode be- tween pins 7 and 8, block- ing the system-reset pulse from U2, solved the prob- lem.
The 7447 BCD drivers provide leading-zero blank- ing. When pin 5 of the most significant digit is grounded and pin 4 is connected to less significant digits, the readouts will not display meaningless zeros. 1 con- nected pin 5 of U14 to the reset line instead of to ground; thus, leading zeros are blanked only when the timer is counting. This gives a visual indication of the state of the timer.
1 also wanted visual indi- cation of whether the timer was in the hours/minutes or
minutes/seconds mode. The obvious solution was to use discrete LEDs as indicators. Also, in the hours/minutes mode, the readout changes only once per minute. To provide assurance that something was really hap- pening, I made one of the readout decimal points blink at a 1-Hz rate. Switch- ing all those functions would be simple with a 3-pole, 2-po5ition switch. However, switches are ex- pensive; ICs are cheap. With the use of gates on U2 and inverters on U1, the hours/minutes and min- utes/seconds timing pulses, the LED indicators, and a pulsing decimal point for hours/minutes are all switched with an SPOT tog-
When S5 is in the min- utes/seconds position, pin 10 of U2 is high, allowing the 1-Hz pulses to reach the counter chain. Also, pin 5 of U1 is high and pin 6 is low, providing a ground for the minutes/seconds indicator LED. In the hours/minutes position of S5, pin 13 of U2 is high and one pulse reaches the counter each minute; pin 4 of U1 is low, providing a ground for the
4Q 73 Magazine • December, 1980
indicator, and pin 4 of U2 is high, passing one pufse per second to the decimal point of the units readout.
All this switching caused a small problem. I discov- ered that in the hours/min- utes mode, the timer indi- cated 1 minute after 48 sec- onds had elapsed. Just a lit- tle examination of the 7490 logic table revealed the reason. Pin 11 of a 7490 is low for 8 counts, high for 2 counts, then goes low. That negative-going pulse trig* gers other devices. How- ever, I had routed the pulses through a 7400 gate and inverted everything. Thus, the positive-going pulse at the eighth count of U6 was seen at the input of U9 as a negative-going pulse. Of course, each sue* ceeding ^'minute" was 60 seconds long. The problem was corrected by running the minutes output from U6 through an inverter on U1,
The same inaccuracy ex- ists with the 1-Hz output from U4, The first "second" Is only .8 second long. I de- cided to live with that error, because no more inverters were available without add- ing another fC. By now f realized that the whole problem (and some others) could have been avoided by using a 7408 for U2 in- stead of a 7400 I did not have a 7408, and my circuit board was afready laid out. Oh, welL Next time!
S4, an SPST toggle, was added to increase the versa- tility of the timer When it is closed, the reset and start push-buttons are shorted together. Pressing either switch resets everything to zero and immediately starts a new timing sequence. The alarm still sounds at the end of the selected interval, but it is not possible to stop and restart the count without re- turning to zero. This mode also effectively disables the nS-V ac switching function as the stop-reset-start se- quence is so fast that the relay does not trip. I called
the closed position of 54 "auto" and the open posi- tion ''manual" The strange location of the switch hap- pened because this feature was not installed until the project was compfete With a little forethought, the switch could have been located in a better place.
Two 115-V ac sockets are provided for the operation of external appliances such 3ts lights, radio. TV, etc. An SPOT relay with a 6-V coil switches the outlets on or off. One is on and one is off during the timing sequence This is reversed at the end of the selected interval. Pin 1 of U7 is high during the timing period, so that out* put was used to make a 2N2222A transistor switch 5 V dc to the relay. A 1N914 diode across the relay coil reduces voltage spikes which occur when the coil is switched out.
The alarm circuit is built around a 556 timer. This is a dual 555 with one part serv- ing as an oscillator to pro* duce a tone and the other as a timer to set the dura- tion of the tone. Pin 6 must be low to trigger the multi- vibrator, so the high output from pin 6 of U17 is in- verted through U1. The pitch of the alarm tone may be adjusted with a 100k pot mounted on the circuit board. The duration of the alarm tone may be varied from a fraction of a second to several seconds with a 50k pot mounted on the rear of the cabinet. I placed a 2.2k resistor in series with the pot so that there would be some tone when the pot was at minimum resistance. The volume of the alarm tone may be adjusted with a Ik pot on the rear of the cabinet. The alarm can be completely disabled with a toggle switch mounted on the front of the cabinet. I in- cluded an LED to indicate when the alarm is enabled. If the indicator were omit- ted, an SPST switch could
tnteriof view of the timer. The power supply and ac switch- ing relay are on the left. Displays are at lower left; thumb- wheel switches are at tower right The 7485 comparators and 7405 inverters are on a small circuit board mounted ver* tically at the right. The unorthodox wires on the ICs in the upper right and lower left were used to correct circuit board mistakes. Some foil connections were omitted, so wires were forced into the sockets beside the IC pins.
be used.
The switch input to the 7485 comparators requires a BCD complement. I have read that complement mode switches are avail- able, but 1 could locate on- ly straight BCD switches. A couple of 7405 hex invert- ers were used to generate the complements of the selected numbers.
The power supply as shown in Fig. 3 is conven- tional A 12.6-V, 1-A trans- former was used because it was on hand. Anything that will produce at least 7 5 V at .5 A should work. 1 used a 7805 regulator and mount- ed it on the rear of the cabi- net. Any -h5-V regulator capable of handling .5 A
could be used. A 10-uF tan* talum capacitor from the output of the 7805 to ground is necessary to pre- vent oscillation and should be mounted as close to the output terminal as possible De-spiking is provided by several .01 -uF disc capaci- tors. These are not shown on the schematic, but were placed at various locations where the +5-V dc lines were near ground buses. Good TTL design calls for one de-spiking capacitor for every 3 ICs, and one at every place the supply line enters a circuit board.
To make the timer more useful for timing games, for use as a stopwatch^ and to generally improve portabil-
«T0 PIN I3k ur
Fig. 3, Power supply.
73 Magazine • December, 1980 49
Interior view of the timer showing the speaker mounted on the top of the cabinet The power supply components and 115 V ac connections are shown on the left side. The small board at the right was added after the project had been de- signed and the main circuit board etched. With better plan- ning, the 2 ICs could have been mounted on the main board.
ity; I installed 3 push-button switches in a small box and connected them in parallel with the front-mounted start, stop, and reset but- tons, I used a 4-pin socket on the cabinet back and a piece of 4*wire cable from the junk box.
I used FND-510S for the readouts. They are large (.5"] and can be bought for $1.00 or less. The 510 is a common-anode device. Al- most any 7-segment LED could be used. Common- cathode devices would re- quire 7446 drivers and
*5VDC 4
7400
T4oa
74 04 7405 3S&
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Fig. 4. Supply connections.
ground connections instead of +5 V dc.
All parts were readily available at local Radio Shack stores and from firms advertising in 73. There is considerable variation of prices, so it pays to do some comparison shopping.
I used circuit board con- struction. Perfboard or wire-wrap probably would have worked, but I wanted the neater appearance of circuit boards. \ ended up with 4 boards. The FND- 510s, the hours/minutes, and the minutes/seconds LEDs were on one. Because of the many interconnec- tions with other ICs, it seemed simpler to mount the 7485s and 7405s on a separate board. After the main board was etched, I made a design change which required the addition of the 7404 hex inverter and different connections to the 7400 NAND gate. A sep- arate small board was made for those two ICs. They could have been in- cluded on the main board with proper planning. The 7805 regulator, alarm vol- ume control, alarm dura-
Parts List
Diodes
2^H914or1N4146
3 1 N4CI01 Capacitors
6 .01 ^uF ceraTTilc disc 1 10-uF tantalum
1 lO^yF 16-V electrolytic 1 22-uF 16-V electrolytic 1 2200^uF le-V electrolytic Integrated Circuits 1U1—SN7404 1 U2— SN7400 3U3.U5,U10— SN7492 4U4,U6,U9,U11— SN7490 1 U7— SN7402
1 Ue-NE556 3U12,U13.U14— SN7447 3 U15,U16,U17— SN7485
2 U18,U19--SN7405
1 U20— 7805 regulator LEDs 3-2" discrete LEDs
3 FND'510 displays Resistors (all V* Watt)
7 330 Ohm 23 470 Ohm
3 2.2k Ohm
1 em Ohm
1 10k Ohm 1 1k linear pot 1 50k linear pot
1 100k PC-board pot Sockets
2 ac sockets {Radio Shack 270'&42) 13 14-pin IG sockets
616>pin IC sockets Switches
3 NO push-buttons (S 1,82,83) 1 SPST miniature toggle (S4) 1 SPOT miniatyr© toggle (S5) 1 DPST miniature toggle (S6) 1 SPST standard toggle (310)
3 'BCD thumbwheel switches (S7.S8.S9) Other
Cabinet (Radio Shack 270-269)
Relay— SPDT, 6-V coil (Calectro 01-066)
Speaker— S-Ohm, 2-inch
Transfofmer— 12.6'V c-tp 1 A
Transistor— 2N2222A
*Thumbwheel switches are available from Jameco. This installation required: 3 SR21 BCD switches 1 SRBB blank body 1 pr, SREP end plates
tion pot, 115-V ac sockets, and the remote-control socket were all mounted on the rear of the cabinet. All other components were mounted on the main cir- cuit board except the front- mounted switches, There fs nothing especially critical about parts placement, al- though a little care and planning are needed to re- duce the need for jumpers. Supply connections are
not shown on the schemat- Jc, Fig. 2. Ground and +5'\/ dc connections must be provided to all ICs, as shown in Fig. 4.
This project has been a lot of fun. In it, as my first attempt to design a project^ or at least to make major modifications to others' projects, 1 have learned a great deal about TTL. And, the completed timer has even proven useful! I have
§0 73 Magaitne • December, 1980
actually used it as an ID re- minder when rag chewing on 15 meters, My family en- joys a variety of games which have time limits vary- ing from a few seconds to several minutes. The timer works well for them. One son is supposed to practice on the organ for 30 minutes Sometimes he has to inter- rupt that practice for more important business such as petting the dog, going to the bathroom, etc. Now the rule is that he has to set the timer for 30 minutes, stop it whenever one of those di- versions occurs, restart it when returning to the or- gan, and continue until 30 minutes of actual practice have been completed.
If you build this timer, you will no doubt want to make changes. Some varia- tions have already occurred to me. I have already men- tioned the use of a 7408 for U2. The timer limit could easily be extended to 99
minutes or 99 hours. The counter/driver/comparator chain could easily be ex- panded by adding another 7490, 7485, 7447, readout, and thumbwheel switch. The timer could be made to display tenths of seconds by feeding the counters from the output of U3 No doubt there are also more efficient or effective ways to accomplish some of the same functions. I wilt be in- terested in hearing about your results.
Incidentally, etched and drilled circuit boards and parts kits are not available. You are on your own^ You will probably want to make modifications to suit your own needs. Anyway, getting there is at least half the fun.
My thanks to my col- league, )oe Woe If el, for the photography, and to those mentioned in the opening paragraphs who got me into this, ■
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I I I I I I I
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^ Reader Service— sec page 226
73 Magazine • [December, 1980 51
Dr. Ralph E. Jaggart WBBDQT 602 South ieffenon Maion Ml 43854
Direct Printing FAX
part II: constructing the facsimile recorder
In part I! of this three-part article, I will cover con- struction of the facsimile recorder. Construction is probably the most critical part of the project as con- siderable mechanical tin- kering is involved and the various parts must function smoothfy in relation to one another if quality results are to be obtained.
Recorder Mechanics
The easiest approach is to use the FX-2E minikit available from METSAT Products, Box 142, Mason Ml 48854. This kit contains drilled and plated circuit boards for the electronics circuits and a complete set of parts, most fully assem- bled, for the fax mechanics. The mechanical assembly, illustrated in Fig. 1, is made up of a series of parts ma- chined out of brass, alumi- num, and stainless steel and it is built like a battleship. It is quite heavy and massive and provides the rigidity and precision required for a smoothly operating system. The parts are drilled and tapped to permit assembly and disassembly with ma- chine screws, and the kit in- cludes all of the mechanics components including the motors. About 15 minutes
of additional assembly work is required to get the assembly ready for opera- tion. The cost for this pack- age is 1500 plus shipping. This is more than you will pay for the home-built al- ternative but does elimin- ate virtually all of the work associated with the me- chanical part of the project, and you also get circuit boards for the electronics.
The second approach is to build the mechanics yourself. To this end, I have documented a modified (and improved) version of the fax mechanics de- scribed in the first edition of the Weather Sateliite Handbook, This assembly will do an excellent job, but you will have to build it and do considerable fine-tuning to get it operating property. Once it is set up, it should require very little ongoing maintenance.
The Drum. The drum (Fig. 2) is fabricated from a plas- tic rolling pin — a "Pastry Pin" manufactured by the Housewares Division of the Foley Manufacturing Com- pany of Minneapolis. This item is sold in housewares departments and discount stores across the country and costs between $1.60
and $2,00 depending upon the source. The drum is just over 2 inches [5 cm) in diameter and is perfect for this application. Other ma- terials may be used for the drum, but you should stick close to this figure for the diameter to avoid distor- tion of the image aspect ra- tio.
The plastic handles of
the rolling pin are twisted off and the shaft removed. A fine saw is used to cut the drum down to a length of 8 inches. True the cut end by using a fine file or sand- paper, and insert the end piece removed from the short length that was cut from the drum. The steel shaft should be cut down to 11 .25 inches (save the piece you cut off as we will use it for the stylus), Deburr the ends with a fine file, and use steel wool or emery cloth to remove any corro- sion from the steel shaft Use a cyanoacrylate adhe- sive (Super Glue"^^, Eastman 910^^, or other brands) to cement the shaft into place as indicated in Fig. 2.
Now comes the part which is harder to describe than it is to do. The paper we will use is a front-
grounding paper. This means that the ground return must be provided from the paper surface.
This is accomplished via an aluminum foii strip at- tached to the drum surface and connected to the drum shaft for grounding Drill a #2 pilot hole at the right end of the drum and place the small end of the angled piece of foil over this hole. Use a small sheet-metal screw to attach a small solder lug so that it is in contact with the foil strip. The 7-inch length of foil is folded in half lengthwise along the dotted line and laid along the precise center line of the drum so that the right end of the strip is in contact with the piece of foil already in place. A long piece of trans- parent tape is then used to attach the lower side of the folded tape to the drum sur- face. The upper folded side must be free so that the paper can be inserted under it when it is fastened to the drum. The transparent tape should extend all the way to the back of the fold so that the entire lower half of the foil strip is covered, and should be wide enough to extend past the foil on three sides as indicated in the
73 Magazine • December, 1980
figure. Additional tape then can be used to cover the ex- posed parts of the angled piece of foil so that it will not pull loose.
Next, break two brass in- serts out of standard plastic panel knobs. Set one of these aside for styius con- struction and slide the other over the right end of the drum shaft, using its set screw to secure it up against the right end of the drum. Prior to this step, however, you should solder a short length of hookup wire to the outside of the brass insert. When the in- sert is locked in place, cut and strip the wire and solder it to the small solder lug mounted previously. Do this operation quickly to avoid melting the plastic of the drum A small magnet should be cemented to the drum as indicated in the fig- ure, This completes the drum assembly. It should be set aside carefully to avoid spoiling your handi- work.
Motors. The drum and traverse motors which are recommended are manu- factured by the Hurst Manufacturing Company of Princeton IN. Other syn- chronous motors of iden- tical speed and similar power rating or torque may be substituted. Motors of other speeds might also be usable if suitable gearing is provided to produce the proper speed at the output shaft of the gearing assem* biy.
The drum motor is a 240-rpm type-GA motor, rated at 10 W, with 600-inch-oz torque at 1 rpm. This speed is not a nor- mally stocked option, but can be obtained on special order with a lead time of 4-6 weeks. The traverse motor selection is based on the class of service for which the recorder is intended. For GOES WEFAX, yoy should obtain a 40-rpm type-CA motor. This selec- tion also will work well for
Fig. T. A photograph showing the METSA T version of the facsimile mechanics. The home- built version described here operates on the same principles, but some features have been changed to facilitate home construction. In the METSAT version, the base and backptate are 1/2'' atuminum v^ith 1/8^' aluminum side pistes. The motors are to the left and the siytus carriage and the stylus itself are visible. In the illustrated version, the machined brass carriage base plate rides on two brass rails. The drum shows the foil grounding strip, magnet, and grounding wire and shaft collar. The magnetic reed switch that helps control Wf MX phasing is shown on the right end plate.
METEOR display. TIROS N display will require a 20-rpm type-CA motor. Both the 40- and 20-rpm motors are available as stock items. It should be noted that all of the motor speed ratings given are ref* erenced to 60-Hz ac drive. In 50-Hz countries, you should obtain motors de- signed to operate from 50-Hz mains. Do not do this for the drum motor as the sync system is designed to provide 60-Hz drive, and if you use a 240-rpm motor designed for 50 Hz, the drum will be too fast. The motor wiring should be fol- lowed carefully, or the mo- tors may not turn in the proper direction — some- thing that will lead to some rather unusual pictures.
Mechanics Assembly. Fig. 3 shows some general views of the relationship of parts for the home-built ver- sion of the fax mechanics. Precise measurements are
mimmminmrnmiiimm^
. <■« r.. ?.t ^
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1&AT3
Tig. 2. (1] General drum configuration. (A) 1/4^' steel shaft. (B) Drum. (C) Small solder tug. [D] Piece of insulated hookup wire soldered to C and E. (E) Brass insert from a 1/4'" control knob secured to the drum shaft with its set- screw. (2) Layout of aluminum foil strips [crosshatched] and transparent tape (stippled) on the drum. (F) is the small magnet attached to the drum surface with double-sided adhesive foam tape. (3) Dimensions of aluminum foil strips (see text for assemblyl
73 Magazme • December, 1960 53
BA!&E
riVlt V(E«
TOP W'/f I
F^ 3 The facsimile recorder mechanical assembly. A-^Drum motor; B^ traverse motor; C— motor mounttrig plate ar}gle bracket; D — motor mour^ting plate; E — rubber tubirig shaft couplmg; F^drhe-rod support plate angle bracket; C — drive-rod support plate; H — 3/8'' panel bushing; I --drum support bracket; } — carriage track bracket; K— glass-plate track surface; L^ 1/4-20 threaded drive rod; M^drum assembly; N^ stylus-carriage base; O — stylus support: P^ car- riage-drive washer, and Q-- 1/4-20 carriage-drive nut
11
Fig. 4. Stylus holder details. (A) 3-1/4' piece of 1/4'* steel rod stock (left over after the drum shaft has been cut to size]. (B) 3/4" piece of 3/B'' o.d. plastic tube stock. (C) 1/2" piece of 7/76" tube stock (stylus holderl (D) length of hookup wire soldered to one end of (CI (E) Wire stylus in- serted into (Q.
of little use since the details of layout will depend upon the locally available mate- rials. I will, however, pro- vide some general notes, trusting in your ability to improvise.
The base of the unit is best made with a piece of 3/4" plywood. The surface should be covered with for- mica, masonite, or some other smooth material The recorder will produce some fine black ash that ac* cumulates after a time and needs to be wiped off the surface. This is quite dif- ffcult if the natural rough wood porous surface is re- tained. The recorder me- chanics utilize standard 3/8'' panel bushings for 1/4" control shafts as bearings for the drum and drive rod. The drum is supported by two such bushings mounted at the top of the upright
section of two standard steel or brass right-angle brackets available from local hardware stores. The brackets should have the standard screw holes en- larged to 3/8" to acconn* mod ate the bushings.
Mount the right bracket to the base with wood screws and orient the left bracket so that the drum will turn freely when the bracket is screwed in place. Occasionally, these brack- ets are not completely true so that some bending with a pair of heavy pliers may be required after mounting to true up the bushings so that the drum wil! turn freely. The drum motor is mounted to a plate of C-10 fiberglass board stock, 1/8" aluminum sheet stock, or other rigid materiaK This mounting plate is secured to the base with a piece of 1/2" alumi-
num angle stock cut to the width of the motor mount- ing plate. The hole for the motor shaft bushing is drilled so that the motor shaft will line up precisely with the drum shaft when the plate/bracket assembly is screwed to the plywood base.
Once the shaft bushing hole has been drilled cor- rectly, you can mark and drill the holes for the motor mounting lugs, Final posi- tioning and securing of the mounting plate to the base is done while checking the alignment of the motor and drum shafts. The motor and drum are coupled with a piece of thick-watled tubing of the type used for vacu- um tines in laboratories or automobile engines.
The stylus carriage is assembled from hardwood. The base piece should be about 3 inches square, and the vertical upright should be cut so that it is at or slightly above the center- line of the drum, A long piece of aluminum angle bracket is laid out parallel to and about an inch out from the drum face to de- fine one edge of the car- riage track. The positioning of the other edge is based on the width of your car- riage base piece The sec- ond rail should be posi-
tioned to provide a smooth
sliding fit for the carriage base piece, it should be tight enough to eliminate any shifting of the base but no so tight that it binds. Once the second track rail has been mounted, you should measure the track width (between the rails) and have a piece of window glass cut to fit between the rails. It should beepoxied in place.
The next job is to prepare the support plates for the 1/4-20 threaded drive rod. The rod must run down the center of the track at a height that will place it about 1/2" above the top surface of the carriage base. The rod is supported by two 3/8" bushings in small plates of C-10 board stock or metal secured to the base with strips of aluminum angle stock Drill the plates so that the 3/8" holes are at exactly the same height. Install the bushings and secure the plates to the base so that the rod runs down the cen- ter of the track.
The traverse motor mounting arrangements are essentially identical to those of the drum motor, with alignment and mount- ing adjusted to keep the traverse drive shaft in align- ment with the threaded
S4 73 Magazin§ • December, 1980
drive rod.
A 3/8" hole should be drilled in the vertical member of the carriage assembly so that the car- riage can be moved along the length of the track without coming in contact with the drive rod. Remove the carriage and paint it with several coats of epoxy paint or other oil-resistant finish. While the carriage is drying, take a 1/4-20 nut and drill a small hole part way through one of the flat faces on the edge of the nuL Solder a 3/4" wire brad or nail into this hole.
A small quantity of talcum powder shou[d be sprinkled onto the track to serve as a dry lubricant. Place the carriage at the center of the track and thread the drive rod through the left support bushing, continuing to ex* tend the rod until the right end protrudes through the hole drilled in the vertical carriage member Slide the 1/2" flat washer over the ex* posed end of the drive rod and thread the prepared nut over the end of the rod. Run the nut down the rod (to the left) while extending the rod until it passes through the support bush- ing on the right end of the track. Couple the right end of the threaded drive rod to the traverse motor shaft us- ing another piece of thick- walled rubber tubing.
Rotate the drive nut until the brad is horizontal, and move the carriage up against the drive nut/wash- er assembly. Note that if the drive rod is rotated in either direction, the nut will rotate until the brad comes into contact with the car- riage base. At this point the nut can no (onger rotate and must move along the shaft. If the shaft is rotated in a counterclockwise di- rection (viewed from the front of the traverse motor), the nut will move away from the carriage and to- ward the motor. This is
|
Pin |
Function |
|
1 |
Ground |
|
2 |
Phase sensor reed switch (S203) |
|
3 |
Stylus |
|
4 |
M2 black lead (both) |
|
5 |
Ml while lead |
|
6 |
Ml black lead |
|
7 |
M2 red lead |
|
8 |
M2 white lead |
Table 1.
what will occur when you are resetting the recorder. If the shaft is rotated in a clockwise direction, the nut will move away from the motor, pushing the carriage ahead of it. Misalignment or wobble in the shaft will cause the nut to slide around in contact with the washer but will not result in axial movements of the car- riage; the only motion transferred to the carriage is a smooth push down the length of the carriage track This particular drive system is much superior to systems where the nut is directly at- tached to the carriage as- sembly.
The final step in the assembly of the main me- chanics package is to fabri- cate a small aluminum bracket that will attach to the right drum-mounting bracket and hold the mag- netic reed switch above the
|
C ' ' |
r |
fl |
E' |
'1 1 1 0 ii 1 1 1 1 ; |
|
|
"1 |
A |
r |
|||
|
o |
fig. S. Stylos support details. (A) 7 " farass angle bracket, [B] 1 '^ piece of 1/4"* (o.d) brass tubing soldered to the top of the vertical leg of the angle bracket. (C) 7-J/4" piece of 3/16" (oM.) brass tube soldered at one end to the side of the brass insert from a 1/4" control knob (Dl (E) 3/16 '(id J wheel collar. (F) 5/16'^ piece of 1/4" fo.d.) brass tube stock soldered to (C) so that the latter extends beyond (F) on the right side.
right end of the drum. Wire leads should be soldered to the switch terminals and a covering of electrical tape placed over the entire switch assembly. The alu- minum support bracket and the attachment of the switch assembly to this bracket should be adjusted so that the small magnet on the drum will close the switch once during each drum revolution. This can be checked with an ohm- meter connected to the switch leads, Although alu- minum is specified for the switch mounting assembly, almost any non-ferrous
metal can be used. Steel should be avoided as it will gradually become magne- tized in the field of the drum magnet, exerting a pull on the switch elements that will gradually make the switch less sensitive
Sty/u5 Assennbly. The de- tails of the stylus assembly are shown in Figs, 4 and 5. The stylus holder is made up from the scrap piece of 1/4" steel rod cut from the drum shaft. To insulate the stylus from the support arm, a small piece of plastic tubing is cemented to the end of the steel rod, using cyanoacrylate glue. A small
Fig. 6. Stylus pivot and stylus arnn assemblies. The stylus support bracket and pivot assembly are shown to the left, while the stylus arm is on the right
73 Magazine • December. 1980 55
piece of 1/16" brass tubing (this and other sizes of brass tubing are dvailable in your local hobby shop) serves to hold the small steel stylus wire A piece of lightweight hookup wfre is soldered to one end of the brass tube which then is mounted in a hole drilled in the plastic end piece and secured with cyanoacrytate cement.
For the stylus wire, you wilt need one of the small wire brushes designed to operate in an electric drill. {We will get to that during final checkout) The stylus arm is supported by a brass pivot/bearing assembly formed of small pieces of brass tubing The bearing assembly is soldered to a small brass angle bracket screwed to the vertical sup- port of the carriage assem- bly. The precise size of the various pieces of tubing used for the bearing assem- bly is unimportant as long as the pieces nest smoothly.
The second brass knob insert, which you had set aside earlier, is soldered to the long piece of tubing IQ which serves as the axle of the support structure for the stylus arm. The bearing for the support of this axle (B) is soldered at the top of the vertical extension of the brass angle bracket, An alu- minum "wheel collar/' available from the same hobby shop where you get the tubing, serves as a stop at the brass insert end of the shaft, while a small piece of tubing (F) is slipped over the shaft and soldered at the outside end to provide the second stop. The tubing pieces should be deburred and the ends filed true prior to assembly. When com- pleted, the inserted knob should rotate very freely but with no excess play in any other axis. Fig. 6 shows the assembled stylus parts to give you some idea how they look when assembled.
The stylus pivot assem- bly is mounted to the car- riage upright using wood screws. It should be ori- ented with the bearing tube facing the drum. The free end of the stylus arm is in- serted in the brass knob in- sert, and the support arm is oriented so that the pro- truding brass tube is facing directly down at the top center of the drum. The set screw of the insert then can be tightened to secure the stylus arm. The small brass tube used to hold the wire stylus should now be rest- ing in contact with the top of the drum along the cen- ter line. The weight of the stylus arm will supply the needed stylus pressure. You should be able to lift the stylus arm, folding it back away from the drum, and there should be no binding in the pivot assembly
The connection between the control electronics and the mechanics assembly is
via an 8<onductor cable. The cable is anchored to the base of the mechanics assembly and is equipped with an 6-conductor plug {P3) that mates with an 8-conductor socket on the rear apron of the elec- tronics cabinet. The P2 and P3 pin assignments, as in- dicated in the schematics, are shown in Table 1.
Heat-shrink tubing, tape, or other insulating steps should be taken for all con- nections [including the Ml starting capacitor, C301) to eliminate the possibility of shorting leads or creating a shock hazard.
If you've managed to get the electronics constructed and working already, com- pleting this mechanical phase should keep you busy until part III of this ar- ticle arrives. In part UK we'll put the whole system together, test and calibrate it, and (hopefully) enjoy the results. ■
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56 73 Magazine • December, 1960
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P.O. ELECTRONICS
^>S?
Maryann
wBevss
2522 PAXSON ARCADIA. CA 91006
Tom W60RG
*^ ReMlef Service— see page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 57
A 600-MHz Universal Counter
you'll freq out over this one
|
Function |
mgH |
|
|
Function Input |
Frequency |
D. |
|
Pin 3 |
Period |
D, |
|
Frequency Ratio |
D, |
|
|
Time Interval |
D* |
|
|
Unit Counter |
D, |
|
|
Oscillator Frequency |
D, |
|
|
Range Input |
0.01 s/1 cycle |
D. |
|
Pin 14 |
0.1 s/10 cycles |
D, |
|
1 sn 00 cycles |
D, |
|
|
10 s/ Ik cycles |
D, |
|
|
Control Input |
Blank Display |
0, and Hoid |
|
Pin1 |
Display Test |
D. |
|
1 MHz Select |
D, |
|
|
Externa Oscillator |
Da |
|
|
Enable |
Table 1.
•3V 4
rtsf f
EXT
C0*iT1?flL
m
SCE F(&Uf?£ li
E. t Bufimgton W4VGZ 2736 Woodbury Dnve Bufiifigton NC 2721S
This is truly a one-chip counter. The Intersil ICM7216 BIPI counter chip does it all. It is a frequency counter, period counter, frequency ratio counter, tinne Interval counter, or a totalizing counter It uses a 1' or 10-MHz timebase and has facilities for an external tinnebase input. For period and time interval, the 10- MHz timebase gives O.Vmi- crosecond resolution. In
HOt-D
EKt
III
*
^
——Ml-
av
i
OIQCt PRIVE
ce WIRES)
FiiHCT\0f4 E6 WinESj RANGE (4 WlHE^!
SEG. DRIVE i9 WIRES)
Fig. h Counter section part of main hoard.
the frequency mode, the user can select accumuta* tion tinnes of 0.01, 0.1, 1. and 10 seconds With a 10-second accumulation time, the frequency can be displayed to a resolution of 01 Hz in the feast signifi- cant digit. There is 0.2 sec- onds between measure- ments in all ranges.
This universal counter chip has a high-frequency oscillator, a decade time- base divider, 8-decade data counter with latches, a 7-segment decoder, digit multiplexers, and 8-seg- ment and B-digit drivers which can directly drive large LED displays The counter has a maximum in- put of 10 megahertz and, with the prescaler, this is ex* tended to over 600 mega-
tntersil has an excellent 16-page data brochure de- scribing this and other counters in a series. I have
quoted from this brochure in many instances in this ar- ticle. The A, C and D ver- sions of this counter have other characteristics and re- quire a different circuit board layout, so beware.
Signal Conditioning
Front-end design is a
Si 73 Magazine • December, 1980
thorny problem since not enough gain means that there are many instances where a measurement can- not be made. Too much gain and you will be count- ing 60 Hertz, 120 Hertz, the local radio station, and whatever trash is there. I think the front end given here is a good compromise, with 50- tolOO-miflivolt rms sensitivity. The low fre- quency end has coverage to less than 5 Hz.
Multiplexed Inputs
The function, range, con- trol, and external decimal point inputs are time-multi- plexed to select the input fynction desired. This is achieved by connecting the appropriate digit driver out- put to the inputs. The input function, range, and control inputs must be stable dur- ing the last half of each dig- it output (typically 125 f(s}. The multiplex inputs are ac- tive low for the common cathode 1CM7216B.
Table 1 shows the func- tions selected by each digit for the multiplexed inputs. You will note that some possible functions are not implemented in my circuit board.
Control Input Functions
Display Test — All seg- ments are enabled contin- uously; giving a display of all 8s with decimal points. The display wilt be blanked if Display Off is selected at the same time.
Display Off — lo enable the Display Off mode, it is necessary to input D3 to the control input and have the HOLD input at V + . The chip will remain in the Dis- play Off mode until HOLD is switched back to V — While in the Display Off mode, the segment and dig- it driver outputs are open. During Display Off, the oscillator continues to run with a typical supply cur- rent of 1 5 m A with lO-MHz crystal and no measure- ments are made. In addi-
-9V
lOO&F
A IN
•SV ♦SV 4
i77
i;*«
:^afif
fh
m
t
5K
'^t^
A 7K
^2H2Z2Z
SEE
iDOvF
,lpF
>— J jl * -Wl. II 1 1^ —
am; I
IIN9I4 \
2l«ie^3
^e
\A7^V
fTT
m
01
01
/fr
01
m
Fig. 2, Signal conditioner part of main board.
PftESCALE IK
«>*« gf*
J '
FD.
* ■
•*ot*»
»f«T
CJfT OSC CN
resT
I ^Hi ta
» iti
f
-^A m
\
4 f^CSCALE
FffEQUEN&y- 4 I QQ}
p^n\oo-* ior\
A ID
uAtm
CONTflOL t.
IATlO-4^1 l&ll
2NTt»V*t A^e(I>4)
FUNCTrO^i £1
T ^ '
tfmtj ttijvc
s
PA^GE III
CJ>
CD 1
A X
£JtT OSC i»»
.'0
PQ
Xi\
HAMGE S?
D2
D3
a
|
SEC |
CYCLES |
|
|
DO |
,01 |
1 0 |
|
01 |
0 « |
10. a |
|
&z |
1 Q |
lOO.O |
|
DS |
10 0 |
IH |
CO*IMO«I CJlTHOOE t IMtT MULTiPLEKEB
fig. J. External connections.
tion, inputs to the multi- plexed inputs will have no effect A new measurement is initiated when the HOLD input fs switched to V — . The Display Off feature is not implemented in my cir- cuit board layout
T-MHz Select — Jhe 1- MHz select mode allows use of a 1 -MHz crystal with the same digit multiplex rate and time between mea- surements as with a 1 0-MHz crystal. The decimal point is also shifted one digit to the right in period and time interval^ since the least
4
(2.eV I/2A
MhtC
m
AM. DIODES lli«OOI OR EOUIVfttENr
Fig. 4. Power supply.
significant digit will be in microsecond increments rather than 0.1 -/is incre^ ments.
Fxternal Oscillator Enable — In this mode, the external
oscillator input is used in* stead of the on-chip oscilla- tor for timebase input and main counter input in peri- od and time interval modes. The on-chip oscillator will
73 Magazine • December, 1980 59
illf^UT
t^
l»
OUTPIJT
Fig, S. Prescater, This divide-by-one-hundred prescaler has a grounded-base input stage and gives good performance to over 450 MHz.
continue to function when
the external oscillator is se- lected. The external oscilla- tor input frequency must be greater than 100 kHz or the chip will reset itself to en- able the on-chip oscillator Hold Input — When the hold input is at V-H, any
measurement in progress is
stopped, the main counter is resets and the chip is held ready to initiate a new mea- surement The latches which hold the main count- er data are not updated, so the last complete measure- ment is displayed. When
hold is changed to V~, a new measurement is ini- tiated.
Reset tnput — The reset input is the same as a hold input, except that the latch- es for the main counter are enabled, resulting in an out- put of all zeros.
o
Q
-**■
Fig. 6faJ. Main counter board.
^^^:^^ Q Q f
01
47^ F
■M-
FUNCTION ■♦ O q g » »
JOK
» ■ » »
a B •^ DIGIT
t i-oi
iCMTEieaiPT
lOK
loon
4VF
, ^ lOOpF
"^Vf^l 2N3&Z3 —^y-
lOOK
a
5K
looa:
T4i5
moK
47KJ ojJ_-r
3K
SEGMENT ^>-*-* ■ * ■ * *
OSC O
I
€8pF_L <IM
It
^ VAR Q
Fig. 6(b]. Component layout, main counter board.
(OOK
■^WNr
lOOpF
^^
UF
Range Input — The range input selects whether the measurement is made for 1 , TO, 100, or 1000 counts of the reference counter In all functional modes except unit counter, a change in the range input will stop the measurement in progress without updating the dis- play and then Initiate a new measurement. This pre- vents an erroneous first reading after the range in- put is changed.
Display Constderaftons
The display is multi- plexed at a 500-Hz rate with a digit time of 244 ps. An in- terdigit blanking time of 6 ys is used to prevent ghost- ing between digits. The decimal point and leading zero blanking have been implemented for right-hand decimal point displays. Any zeros following the decimal point will not be blanked. Also, the leading zero blanking will be disabled when the main counter overflows.
The ICM7216B is de- signed to drive common cathode displays at peak current of 15 m A/segment using displays with Vf = 1,8 V at 1 5 m A, Resistors can be added in series with the seg- ment drivers to limit the dis- play current in very effi- cient displays if requtred
To get additional bright* ness out of the displays, V+ may be increased up to 6.0 V. However, care should be taken to see that maxi- mum power and current rat- ings are not exceeded.
The display consists of 8 digits of multiplexed, com- mon-cathode LEDs, A cir- cuit board for the popular MAN 74 is given. Calculator displays are available at su- per savings— 8 or 9 digits on a circuit board for a dollar. You can't beat thatl.
Crystal Characteristics
The circuit board has fa- cilities for HC-33 or HC-18 crystal holders The oscilla- tor is implemented as a
60 73 Magazine • December, 1980
high'gain complementary MOS inverter. An external 10- or 22-megohm resistor is used for biasing. The oscil- lator is designed to work with a parallel resonance, 10-megahertz crystal cali- brated with 22 pF and hav- ing a series resistance of less than 35 Ohms, You should not try to save mon- ey here since the accuracy of your counter is directly dependent upon the accu* racy of this oscillator. You should specify: A-T cut, op- timum angle, and commer- cial quality and accuracy.
Prescaler
The prescaler uses a grounded-base amplifier driving an 11C90 bOfrMHz divide-by-ten followed by a
74196 divide-by-ten, result- ing in a divide-by-100 cir- cuit. The grounded-base
ampiif ier yields a sensitivity of 20- to 50-milIivolts rms and will respond to a 1-Watt handie-talkie sever- al yards away with a quar* ter-wave antenna connect- ed to the prescale input jack. Slightly better fre- quency response from the 74196 was obtained by us- ing 5.7 volts. The voltage is reduced to 5 V for the 11C90 by the silicon diode. The prescaler draws about 200 mA from the 5J-volt supply.
Power Supply
As the total current is on- ly 300 mA or so, the simple power supply shown will be OK, Turning off the prescal- er results in a savings of 200 mA, so battery power is a reasonable option by using a 9-voft transistor radio bat* tery for portable use.
Conslruction
This is where the satisfac- tion of home-brew electron- ics really comes forth. Your workmanship will be there for all to see, so a few dol- lars spent for a good-look- ing box will buy much as far as satisfaction goes. You may not want to implement
Fig. 7(al Prescaler board.
Fig. 7(b). Component layout
all six functions or all four ranges; this would simplify the front panel. The use of rainbow or ribbon wire will simplify the segment, digit, function, and range wiring.
Conclusion
Two of these counters
Fig. 8. Display board.
were constructed, and good results were obtained with both. This is a fun project with little chance for prob- lems. Circuit boards can be obtained from O C. Staf- ford, 427 S. Benbow Road, Greensboro NC 27401. Write Ozzie at that address
for a price list of both cir- cuit boards and any other parts you're having trouble finding.
I will gladly correspond if you will send an SASE with your questions, I hate to be this way, but: no SASE, no replyl ■
|
Parts List |
|||
|
Main Board |
Prescaler |
||
|
Resistors |
Qty, |
Resistors |
Qty. |
|
100Q. V4W |
2 |
100 Q, V4 W |
1 |
|
3k Q, V4 W |
2 |
150 Q. Va W |
1 |
|
4.7k Q, V4 W |
4 |
470 Q. % W |
1 |
|
10k Q, 1/1 W |
3 |
680 Q. V4 W |
1 |
|
100k Q, y* W 1 rnegohm, V* W 10 megotim, V< W 5k (TO-5} pot |
5 2 1 2 |
Capacitors ,01-^F disc 10*fiF tantalum Other Parts |
5 1 |
|
Capacitors 5.8-pF disc 39-pF disc NPO 100-pF disc |
2 1 2 |
1N4001 2N5179 1 1 C90DC SN74196 |
1 1 t 1 |
|
.01 -^F disc |
4 |
4 J-^H coil |
1 |
|
0.1-pF disc or tantalum 4,7-^F tantalum 47-^F tantalum 47-fiF axial tantatum 50-pF variable |
2 2 2 1 1 |
Counter Common-cathode display Function switch Range switch Prescale switch |
(see text) 1P6T 1P4T 2P2T |
|
Semiconductors |
Hold switch |
1P'NO |
|
|
1N914 |
7 |
Reset switch |
IP NO |
|
2N2222 |
2 |
1 MHz En. switch |
1P1T |
|
2N3823 |
2 |
Ext. osc, en. switch |
1P1T |
|
SN7413 |
1 |
Display test switch |
IP-NO |
|
ICM7216 BIPI |
1 |
Coax jack (BNC) |
4 each |
|
10-MHz crystal |
(see text) |
Power supply |
(see text) |
73 Magazine • December, 1980 61
SCR WOO VHF—SCR4000UHF
For Your New Repeater or Link System,
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Or, to Replace Your Old ^Klunker^r
y
4
if you pfan to instaff a new Repeater or VHFf Ltnk System (with or w/o Autopatch), you1l find that you can't find better quality, more reliable equipment, with all of the features and options you want at anywhere near ouf prices—If you can find it at all!
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62 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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SCRtOO VHF Receiver Board
'de-
• Wide dynamic range' Reduces overload sense and IM
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SCR100 Receiver Assembly
• SCRIQCI mountsd in shivtded housing « Same as used on SCRTOOO
• Completely asmbld. wff T caps, S0239 conrt,, AFGAIN POT. etc.
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Controi Board
3 dig it ON, 3 digit OFF control of a single repeater tunc-
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*^ Reader SefVice—see page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 63
Richard C force WBIASL
Box 78
Creenfieid NH 03047
Top-Banding the DX-60B
part II: a companion vfo
Part I of WBlASL's 160-meter conversion for the DX-606 appeared on page 44 of the July 1980 issue of 73.
(recently converted the Heathkit® DX-60B to 160 meters. The transmitter works fine on that band, with one drawback: It is crystal controlled. This fact
adds inconvenience to the operation even though there are four crystal posi- tions provided. The ability to move at will around your allocated portion of the
Photo A. Front view oi the vfo showing use of the ARCS cabinet. The front is covered by a copperclad plate for ap- pearance's sake and for dial mounting,
64 73 Magazine • December, 1980
band not only eases opera- tion, but also cuts down on operator frustration caused by unanswered responses to CQ calls. With many op- erators using transceivers nowadays, they do not bother to tune after a call, but expect a response only on their own frequency. After many such unan- swered calls, I decided to add a vfo to my newly-con- verted rig.
The DX-60B transmitter was originally designed to be used with the Heathkit HG-10B vfo on 80-10 me- ters. In fact the unit comes with a vfo accessory power socket provided on the back, as well as a vfo input and a vfo position on the crystal switch. The acces- sory socket has pins for ground, 63 volts ac, 300 voks, keying bias, and a 110'Volt ac line for power- ing a relay for antenna change-over.
With these facts in mind, 1 decided to use the existing provisions and design a vfo similar to the HC-lOB to be used with the DX-60B on 160 meters. This vfo would be compatible with the
power and switching cir- cuits provided.
Because the HG-10B is a vacuum tube vfo, it seemed only reasonable to use vac- uum tubes in the new de- sign. The tubes I selected are, however, very easy to obtain even in this age of solid state.
The circuit is straightfor- ward and operates on the fundamental frequency of 1.8-2 MHz. The 6AU6 tube operates as a Hartley oscil- lator on this fundamental frequency. Grid-block key- ing is used, with the keying bias provided from the ac- cessory socket of the DX- 60B. The bias, which is ap- plied to the grid of the 6AU6 through the NE-2 neon lamp and R2, is suffi- cient to cut off the oscilla- tor during standby. When this bias is removed through keying the trans- mitter, the oscillator re- sumes oscillation.
The 6C4 tube acts as a buffer. This tube, by the way, can be replaced by one-half of a 12AU7 or 12AT7 or even by a 6J6 if the 6C4 cannot be found. The circuit helps to main-
tain the stability of the oscillator by establishing a fixed load for the oscillator output
Of course, the 0A2 tube is a voltage regulator to en- sure that the voltage to the vfo remains at 150 volts.
As can be seen from the photographs, I made use of a surplus ARC-5 transmitter. I used the chassis, cabinet, and the coil form from the oscillator section. The coil form was used for LI in the new vfo. All frequency range models of the ARC-5 use the same coil forms, so any ARC-5 unit will have the needed form.
This coil form is made of ceramic, which is a very good material for the wind- ing of oscillator coils. An- other coil form and chassis can, of course, be substi* tuted if you do not have a surplus ARC-5 transmitter lying around the house. (They're getting rarer all the time, but are still available from some surplus out- lets—although at a cost much too prohibitive for an oscillator coil and a cabinet.)
Be very selective about the coil form material to en- sure stability in the trans- mitter, Ceramic is best, but whatever material you use for the form, make sure the wire is wound tightly over the form and cemented in place with Q-Dope. Avoid toroid cores! They are very susceptible to frequency drift, especially in vacuum tube environments where there can be a high degree of change in the ambient temperature. Also avoid slug-adjustable core forms. U you must change the di- ameter of the coil, experi- ment with the number of turns until you get the right resonant frequency range. You also can resort to a coil chart or coil design for- mula, but in all cases keep the coil Q quite high.
As for the chassis, you can see from the photo- graphs that there is plenty
of extra space in the ARC-5, so a different chassis and cabinet could actually reduce the size consider- ably.
Mechanical stability in construction as well as heat shielding are, of course, of paramount importance as they are in all oscillator construction By mounting the coil below the chassis, it is shielded from drafts and variations in temperature after initial warm-up.
A sturdy bracket was fab- ricated for the mounting of capacitor C3. This helps en- sure that an accidental jar- ring of the cabinet will not change the frequency of the oscillator Also, keep component leads as short as possible for the same reason and to cut down on lead inductance.
All frequency-determm- ing capacitors should be either silver mica or poly- ester types for stability.
The inclusion of the 0A2 regulator keeps the voltage to the oscillator rock steady, which is needed for stability purposes.
By following these good construction practices, I can, after initial warm-up, zero-beat the vfo to a stable receiver and come back an hour later and still be on
Photo B. Top view of the vfo. The copperctad board is used to cover holes in the chassis and to mount vfo parts. The 6AUb tube is in the front, the 6C4 is in the center, and the 0A2 is in the rear.
zero beat- The amount of
drift is infinitesimal.
After constructing the vfo, tune-up and testing are simple matters First, check all your wiring to make sure it is correct. Especially check to see that the power connections are wired to the power plug correctly. If you are like most of us, you probably haven't used octal sockets in years and the numbering of the pins might not be fresh in your mind. Check, and check again. Tubes are expensive, and they don't like to have TlOor 300 volts on their fil- aments.
One preliminary adjust-
ment can be made before the vfo is connected to the DX-60B. If a grid^ip oscilla- tor is available, the vfo tuned circuit can be dipped to the 160meter band Do this by setting the main vfo tuning capacitor, C3, to the center of its range. Set the grid-dip oscillator to 19 MHz. With the grid-dip os- cillator coil coupled to LI. tune trimmer capacitor C2 for a dip on the meter. Now the oscillator is tuned for approximately the center of the 160-meter band. (If you do not have a grid-dip oscil- lator, an alternative meth- od follows.)
After all is checked out.
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73 Magazine * December, 1980 65
Photo C. Bottom view of the vfo, showing coit LI at the left center and C3 mounted on the bracket at the left. As can be seen, there is an excess of space.
plug the vfo power cprji in- to the DX-60B power-acces- sory socket and the rf out- put from the vfo into the vfo input socket on the back.
Turn the Function switch to "Standby/' check to see that the tubes in the vfo are lighting, and let the unit warm up for at least one- half hour.
Set the controls on the front of the DX-60B as fol- lows: Drive Level to 0, Xtal to vfo. Drive Tune tol, and Band to 80 (which is now the 160-meter position).
The next step will need the services of a good, ac- curate communications re- ceiver which covers the 160-meter band. Set the receiver, after warm-up, to
the center of the 160-meter band. Run a wire from the receiver's antenna terminal to a point near the vfo to ensure the receiver will pick up the signal from the vfo.
Now, turn the Function switch to the 'Tune" posi- tion. Tune the vfo main tun- ing capacitor, C3, through its range while listening for the signal in the receiver
If the signal is not heard and the receiver is a general coverage receiver, leave the vfo capacitor set to the center of its range and tune the receiver both above and belov^ the 160-meter band until the signal is found. If the signal is higher than the band, capacitor C2 will have to be adjusted to add more capacitance to the
Parts List
C1— 270-pF polystyrene or silver mica C2— 3-30-pF mica trimmer C3— 30pF air variable {Hammarfund HF-30) C4— 100'pF polystyrene or silver mica C5, C6, C8, C9, C11— .02-uF disc ceramic C7— .001 uF CIO— 150 pF
LI— 35 turns #18 AWG enamei on a 1-3/S" ^ceramic form (see text) R1— 47 k, Vi W
W
Vz
R2. R4— 1&0k, R3-33k, Vz W R6-^1000. V2 W R6— 2700, V^ W RT-'IOk, Vz W R8— 5.6k, 7 Watt RFC1— 2.5-mH rf choice NE-2 — Neon lamp
circuit to bring the oscilla- tor within the band. If the signal is below the band, C2 will have to be adjusted to decrease the capacitance.
if the signal is not heard and the receiver only cov- ers the 160-meter band, set capacitor C3 to the center of its range and the receiver to 1.9 MHz. Adjust capaci- tor C2 until the signal is heard. If it is still not heard, keep alternating capacitor adjustments on C2 and C3 until it is heard.
If the signal cannot be found at all, either the oscil- lator is not oscillating or its frequency range is com- pletely out of the range of the receiver. Check all com- ponents and voltages, tf an absorption wavemeter is available, use it to deter- mine if the oscillator is oscillating. Once it is deter- mined that the oscillator is functioning outside the de- sired frequency range, a few minor changes will have to be made to the os- cillator to bring it into line. This will entail either in- creasing the ambunt of capacitance in the tuned circuit by adding a small silver mica capacitor across CI to lower the frequency, or by removing turns from coil LI to raise the frequen- cy. This situation should oc- cur only if LI was rede- signed incorrectly because of the use of a different coil form.
After the signal is found, one way or another, listen to the signal for purity of tone (no hum or hash). Turn the vfo off and on by turn- ing the Function switch to ''Standby'' and then to ''Tune" again several times to make sure oscillation be- gins immediately. After these observations, check for drift by zero-beating the signal on the receiver (with the receiver vfo turned on) and letting the oscillator sit for awhile to see how far it drifts from zero beat. A bet- ter alternative method to check drift would be to use
a frequency counter. If ex- cessive drift occurs, a bad capacitor or LI may be the cause. Check voltage stabil- ity and drafts also.
If all checks out al! right, you may then proceed to the next step, that of cali- bration. Set the main tuning capacitor, C3, to maximum capacitance. Tune the receiver to the bottom of the 160-meter band. Using trimmer capacitor C2 only, zero-beat the oscillator to the receiver. Mark the dial- Now, by tuning the receiver up the band to set intervals and adjusting the main vfo tuning capacitor, C3, to zero beat and then marking the dial, the vfo can be cali- brated.
After calibration, final testing is at hand. With the antenna output of the DX- 60B fed into a dummy load, set the vfo to an allocated part of the band. Proceed to tune up the DX-6pB. If you do not get enough grid drive, check the buffer stage in the vfo.
If all is operating correct- ly, you should have no trou- ble tuning up the DX-60B. It should tune exactly as it did when it was crystal-con- trolled.
To zero-beat a signal or to locate your frequency, simply turn the Function switch to "Tune" with the Drive Level control turned down and use the vfo main tuning capacitor to zero- beat the signal,
With the use of the vfo, your number of QSOs should increase dramatical- ly. No lohger will the other guy have to look for you. You'll be right there on fre- quency with your DX-60B,
This completes the sec- ond phase of my conver- sion of the,DX-60B to 160 meters. It has been great fun doing the conversion and operating on the "top band." I hope these two pieces will give many an op- portunity to operate on this interesting segment of the amateur spectrum. ■
66 73 Magazifte • December, 1980
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The best news is still to come! By using the optional S-72 Switching Box and two remote cables, you can use a single Control Head for operation with both the 440 MHz and 2 meter decks, giving you a high-perfonnance two band FM station for your car or home. Compare the features below, then ask your dealer for a demonstration of the fabulous FT-720R series. . . another winner frdm the performance leader , . . Yaesu.
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Priority channel with search-back feature.
Pause feature that holds, then restarts scan,
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Digital display of last four digits of operating
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Single Control Head may be used for operation
on both 440 MHz and 2 meters via optional
switching box and remote cables.
Exlremely compact size, tight weight
FT*720RVH
Specifications
144.00-147,99 MHz
10 kHz
25 watts
.32uVfOf20dB
4^
?<
Frequency Coverage
SynthMizer Steps
^'-^wer Output
Sensitivity
Seter
WV Mi-' t
u Zf— A
FT-720RU
440.00-449.975 MHz 25kH2
lOwatts
0.5 uV for 20 dB
2 (— 6d8) „4 kHz (—60 dB)
r
,4f
7
Thmt
Mark Oman WA0RBR
528 DGines Ct
ft ColHm CO S0S2S
An Amp for QRPp Addicts
build this resistive step attenuator for
low; low power work
Internal view of QRP Amp showing switches and conneo fions.
After having enjoyed QRP operation and its 2-Watt world for a period of time, it was decided that a new frontier was needed for a challenge. An amplifier was designed and con- structed which provided 25 Watts on 160 through 10 meters. Increased signal re- ports did result, but just about anything you can work on 25 Watts can be worked on 2 Watts, So I felt that a new and somewhat different kind of challenge was still needed — why not an amplifier {an "inverse amplifier")? Rather than in- creasing the input signal, it "inversely amplifies;' or de- creases, the input (in a loga- rithmic manner).
The QRP Amp definitely re-instills the challenge into the sometimes repetitious world of ham radio. It also can be used to allow QRP/ QRPp operation with medi- um-powered transceivers. Better yet it can be con- structed and in use in a few
hours with locally pur- chased parts, for $1 5 or less. If you have slide or toggle switches in the junk box, then the price is reduced even further, It requires no tune-up or adjustment and is nearly guaranteed to work the first time.
The Amp is actually a step attenuator which pro- vides from 3 to 39 dB of at- tenuation to your already low-power signal What this means is that your 2-Watt signal, after passing through the QRP Amp, now becomes anywhere from 1 Watt down to about 200 mi- crowattsl Twenty milli- watts of output power can and does produce plenty of solid contacts, and it opens up a whole new world to ham radio.
Since the QRP Amp is a resistive step attenuator, it requires no tuned circuits, no active circuits, and works on any mode. Refer- ring to Fig 1, it can be seen that four switches are used
60 73 Magazine • Decemt>er, 1980
V/ew of QRP Amp shown with 10 dB of attenuation and switched IN,
in conjunction with half- Watt standard value car- bon resistors to produce the necessary attenuation The double-pote, double-throw switches are set up to pro- duce 3, 6, 10, and 20 dB of attenuation by either switching in the resistors or bypassing them These switches can be miniature toggle type or. to reduce costs, miniature slide switches.
The desired attenuation is selected in an ''additive" manner. To select 13 dB of attenuation, for example, switch in the 3'dB and lO^dB switches. A DPDT 12-V relay purchased at Ra- dio Shack is used to auto- matically switch the attenu- ator out during receive. It is controlled by the trans- ceiver driving the Amp. Switch 51 is used to bypass the Amp, if desired.
The Amp can be built in just about any enclosure available to the builder Small coax (RG-174/U) is used for rf runs between connectors, the relay, and the switches. The resistors should be soldered directly to the switch contacts with their leads kept short to minimize their inductance, Spray paint and dry transfer lettering add a final touch to the simple project.
The only setup required is to supply + 12 V and a re- lay control. Both can be ob-
tained from the driving transceiver. Run a lead from the control side of the transceiver relay to a plug to mate with |1. Verify that K1 closes when your trans- ceiver is in transmit and SI IS in the IN position. Actual attenuation values were verified to be within .5 dB of the calculated values with a Hewlett-Packard 180 oscilloscope. After you have verified that K1 and SI are operational, apply drive to the box (with dummy load attached). With no switches IN [no attenua- tion), you should see the same output power as input power. Switch in 3 dB and the output should be de- creased by one-half. Re- member that most if riot all, power meters become
View of QRP Anip shown with 13 dB of attenuation and switched IN.
inaccurate below 1 Watt and are usually unreadable below 100 mW, so don't fret when the needle doesn't budge with 10 dB or more of attenuation switched in.
If problems arise^ about the only things that can be wrong are soldered connec- tions or misplaced resistors. Also, recheck all wiring be- tween switches, connec- tors, and relay.
For those who want to use a 200-Watt transceiver, an additional 20-dB attenu- ator is needed to prevent damage. Use high wattage (20 Watts or more) resistors
in that portion of the atten- uator.
Operation
Operating the QRP sta- tion, a portion of which was described in the December, 1978, issue of Hani Radio, has been greatly enhanced using this project. Before describing the results you can expect, you will be in- terested in a few observa- tions concerning milliwatt operation. Assuming you are using a 2'Watt transmit- ter to drive the Amp and have switched in 20 dB at- tenuation, your output will
i3
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Fig. 1. Schematic, QRP Amp. QRP Amp is a classic pi-type step attenuator using four switches to provide from 3 to 39dB of attenuation. With switches as shown, 16 dB of at- tenuation would exist when SI is switched to '7N" and the transmitter is keyed. }1, 12- SO-239 rf connector. 13, 14 - Phone or phone jack. K1 - DPDT 72-V relay. S1 - SPS J miniature. S2-S5--DPDJ miniature slide or toggle. All resistors Vi WBtt or greater.
73 Magazine * December 1980 69
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■mi^mdMtittim^l#fl0
^dUfa^aMHri
:*>.;'«?T~!ry^ ■-
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if *'.-'.■* T/J* *
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be 20 mW. This power level is 30 mW below the FCC specification for total har- monic radiation. Further- more, a typica! SSB tra;ns- ceiver running 200 Watts output might have 40 to 50 dB attenuation of carrier and opposite sideband. The ijarrier output will then be 2 to 20 mW, the power used with the Amp to make con- tacts.
A quick calculation re-
TO KIA >
2A0
10 5? ■<CEMTER POLE
1" r
Fig. 2. 20-dB attenuBtor to enable lOO^lOO-Watt trans- ceiver to be used with QRP Amp. Resistors should be 20 Watts for 50-Watt output, 40-50 Watts for WO-Watt output and 80-100 Watts for 200-Watt output Use parallel combinations of smaller wattage resistors to reach these wattage ratings.
veals that if you can obtain an S9 report with a 2-Watt signal (easy!), then, theoreti- cally, assuming no noise or QRM, an S1 signal would be produced by less than a 200-microwatt signal. This is my present goal with the QRP Amp.
Naturally, the purist will balk at the idea of wasting energy by dissipating power in a resistor, but it is the on- ly practical way of generat- ing QRPp levels. Single tran- sistor rigs which would nor- mally generate these levels are subject to chirp, FMing, drift, and a lack of conve- nience. With the Amp and your normal QRP transceiv- er, you retain those conve- niences and avoid the aforementioned maladies. It also considerably re- duces the expense of QRP operation if you already own a regular transceiver.
Both SSB and CW modes are used at my station, with SSB slightly preferred be-
cause an in-depth explana- tion can be made of the low-power experiments. This way, the other station invariably becomes en- thused and he, too, wants to see at just what level of power he can hear you.
Contacts have been made, however, with sta- tions who become indig- nant when told that your power level is 10 mW. Ap- parently, this pricks their conscience about that shiny, expensive linear sit- ting in front of them!
During the past three months, 10 states have been worked in casual oper- ation, mostly on 10 meters, using 10 mW of output. A number of contacts have been made in Japan, Hawaii, Canada, and Mexi- co using 100 mW output. 100 mW on 10 meters pro- vides plenty of in-USA con- tacts. Even 20 meters can be used for 10- to 20-mW CW contacts. Incidentally,
the antennas used at my station are a dr pole on 80/40 meters and a 2-element quad on 10-20 meters.
As with any QRP opera- tion, patience is the key word. Not every station called will answer, with the ratio becoming worse as output power is reduced. With a little practice, you'll become familiar with the conditions and signals that will produce a solid con- tact.
The QRP Amp has pro- vided the challenge that was sought. When you con- tact a station that is using a linear amplifier, you can re- ply that your newest home- brew accessory is a log- arithmic de-amplifier, built for less than $15. That should make for plenty of interesting conversation! Plus, there is fun in working across the continent on a power level most rigs use to generate spurious harmon- ics! I
70 73 Magazine • December^ 1980
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j:^ Magazine ■ December, 1980 71
Jerry Conboy N&RY
2631 S^W. Orchard Hill Place
Lake Oswego OR 97034
The Center-Fed Bizarre
would you believe an indoor antenna for 80?
More and more of us find that the acreage for that dream antenna farm with phased verticals, rhombics, and giant mono- band yagjs just isn't
available on a lot size within the bounds of our meager earnings. Even when a tidy home on a reasonably roomy lot is found at an attractive price,
*■ TltAMSMtTTEl)
Fig. 1, A common configuration for a VLF antenna using the guy wires for tofhioadmg capacitance.
12 73 Magaiine • December, 1980
City ordinances or deed restrictions may make it im- possible to erect tall towers or any outside antennas at all. My situation falls into the second category. Not even TV antennas are per- mitted in my area.
After two years at this ad- dress, I finally decided that operating only on two
meters with a magnetic- mount mobile antenna in a window wasn't my idea of the ultimate ham station, I grew up as a ham on the 80-meter band and wanted to keep in touch with the friends that I had made over the years. 1 did have access to the club station at my place of business, but
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Fig. 2. Final configuration of the attic antenna.
that often proved to be an inconvenient arrangement. There seemed to be three reasonable alternatives. Put up an inconspicuous out- side antenna, load up a flagpole, or try to put something in the attic. The outside antenna was ruled out, since a leading figure in the local homeowners asso- ciation was my next-door neighbor. Decent flagpoles aren't cheap, and I was ad- vised by a lawyer that I still might be subject to legal action in which it would cost me hard-earned dollars to prove that it was a f/agpole. So I crawled up my ladder and made friends with the spiders and the in- sulation.
Mobile Attenuators
I had acquired a well- respected mobile antenna with a 75-meter loading coil a few years ago, but never used it. As a result my first attempt at an indoor anten- na was to erect it io the center of the attiCv Several wires were run around the rafters for a ground system. I was pleased when the swr meter read 14o-1 near the frequency of interest. I was not at all pleased when most of the stations that I tried to work were barely capable of moving my nor- mally hyperactive S-meter and seldom able to copy me. Some rough calcula- tions showed that I really couldn't expeGt more than 2% efficiency, since the radiation resistance of the antenna had to be less than 1 Ohm and the other 49 Ohms came from the resis- tance in the loading coil.
I was generally leery of vertically-polarized anten- nas io the attic anyway. There were a large number of metal vent pipes and chimneys that were nearby Most of them had friction joints which could certainly create harmonics or at least be lossy, further soaking up the meager radiated ener- gy-
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fig. 3. Measured impedance of the attic antenna. Reference impedance for the Smith chart is 50 Ohms.
Taking a Lesson from the VLF Boys
Compact antennas are nothing new in high-power transmitting installations for use below 100 kHz. A quarter wavelength is well over 2000 feet in this part of the spectrum. Looking at the types of antennas used showed the popularity of top loading. This is no sur- prise. Placing the loading away from the feedpoint helps keep the base im- pedance up to reasonable values.
As a rough rule of thumb, the radiation resistance of a base-loaded antenna
changes as the square of its length, when the antenna is less than a quarter-wave- length tall (for a vertical]. For top-loaded antennas, it changes almost directly in proportion to the length. For example, if the antenna is one-fjfth of full size, the base-loaded antenna im- pedance wilt took like about one twenty-fifth of its full-size impedance, or about 2 Ohms. The top- loaded antenna will be about 10 Ohms. For very short antennas, this can give a significant increase in efficiency and band- width.
One popular configura-
tion for a VLF vertical antenna is shown in Fig. 1. The top guy wires are used as a capacity hat to in- crease the electrical length of the radiator, I saw no reason why this configura- tion couldn't be adapted to a balanced horizontal ar- rangement, since I wanted to avoid vertical radiators.
Wire Everywhere
My attic is about 24 feet wide across the highest part, which is where I wanted to place the main radiating portion of the antenna. The loading wires were bent back at about a 55 degree angle from the
73 Magazine • December, 1980 73
35-200pf SB-EOOFiF
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20
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Fig. 4. Schematic of the /m- pedance-matching network used to feed the antenna. This network is at the trans- mitter end of about 100 feet of RC-8 cable.
flat-top section. I didn't want to run them at right angles, since the walls of my house are stuccQ and contain wire mesh that could create problems.
As a starting point, I used a total of a half-wavelength of wire. I had to bend the ends of the loading wires back toward the feedpoint to get it to fit The final con- figuration is shown in Fig. 2. As you can see, the total length of the wire exceeds a half-wavetength by about
one-third. It is resonant near the center of the 80-meter band.
It should now be obvious why this antenna received its name. When I first put it 0n the air, I tried in vain to explain its configuration to W7ZUL, When it became apparent that he couldn't understand it without a pic- ture, I told him that it was too bizarre to explain. He naturally replied, ''Oh, so you're using a center-fed bizarre/'
The wire used in the antenna was plastic-insu- lated #18 with stranded conductors. Three of these wires were laboriously braided together to in- crease the apparent con- ductor diameter in an at- tempt to reduce resistive losses and to help broad- band the antenna. The three wires were kept separate everywhere but at the feedpoint. There are
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three joints at the ends of the radiating portion where the loading wires connect Single-wire conductors could have been used just as welL the larger the bet- ter, I used what I had available.
Care and Feeding
Upon first inspection of the antenna, I was some- what alarnried at the magni- tude of the feedpoint im- pedance. Using a noise bridge that was capable of measuring resistance and reactance through a known length of RG'8 coax, I found 5 Ohms of radiation resis- tance. That's right, the swr was 10 to 1 . The Smith chart in Fig. 3 shows the results of my measurements.
The actual impedance of the antenna may be even less than 5 Ohms. I did not take into account the loss of the teed line when the measurements were made. I had predicted that the radiation resistance would be closer to 10 Ohms, but the effect of nearby house- hold electrical wiring and the fact that the antenna was only about 0.1 wave- lengths above ground could easily lower the impedance. Since the loading wires do not run at a90-degree angle to the radiating wire, a par- tial cancellation of the field also results in a tower antenna impedance. In an antenna of this type, a high impedance is sure to in- dicate undesirable losses.
There certainly are h^ms who consider a 10-to-1 swr unthinkable. There is salva- tion for you, but first give thought to this: At 4 MHz, 100 feet of RG-8 (or RG-21 3) has a loss of about 0.3 dB and the additional loss caused by a 10-to-l swr is 1.0 dB. A total of 1.3 dB or about 25% of your power is lost in the coax. Foam di- electric coax will be about 1.2 dB, and shorter lengths give proportionately less loss.
No one would think of trying to feed such a mis- match directly from the output of his transmitter. Almost any of the ''univer- sal transmatches" will reduce this to an accept- able level.
The matching network I use is shown in Fig, 4. The capacitors are from old ARC-5 equipment. They are adequate for power levels up to 400 Watts PEP or CW input. By the use of a log- ging scale on the capacitor dials, I can rapidly QSY any- where within the 60-meter band and still present a 50-Ohm load to my trans- mitter
A second method of matching may appeal to those of you who are squeamish about high swrs. There are several nice wide- band impedance step-up transformers available that are designed for use with mobile antennas. Using one of them will raise the im- pedance to nearly 50 Ohms so that the main feedline operates with a reasonably low swr. The catch is that this will only allow opera- tion over a narrow band of frequencies, since the an- tenna has a fairly high Q.
On the Air
lust because it looks fun- ny, it doesn't mean that it works that way. Stations report respectable signals. Comparisons were made with one local station whose traitsmitter power is about 3 dB below mine. He uses a normal inverted vee about 40 feet high. No per- ceptible differences were noted in signal strength, both on close-in (30-mile) and longer-haul {1000-mile) paths. 1 found this hard to believe at first, too. However, repeated com- parisons and several months of successful oper- ation bear out the solid reliability of this indoor radiator. ■
74 73 Magazine • December, 1980
AUTOMATIC SWR & PEAK READING
HF POWER METER MODEL APM1H
Frequency Coverage: [nput Impedance: Power Range: SWR Range; Power Modes: Accuracy:
^9.95
1.8 -60 MHz 50 — 52 ohms 0-200, 1000, 2000W ^1 - 10:1 Average & PEP ±10%
Power Requirements: 1 17 VAC 60 Ht
AUTOMATIC SWR St PEAK READI VHP POWER METER MODEL APM'IV $99.95
Frequency Coverage: 50 — 150 MHz Input Impedance: 50 - 53 ohms
Power Range: SWR Range: Power Modes: Accuracy:
0 - 20, 200W 1:1 -^ 10:1 Average & PEP ±10%
Power Requirements: T 1 7 VAC 60 Hz
FLAT RESPONSE SWR & POWER METER FOR HF MODEL PM 2H
Frequency Coverage Input impedance: Power Range; SWR Range; Accuracy:
$89.95
18^ 60MHz
50 - 52 ohms
0 - 200, 1 000, 2000W
1:1 -3:1
±10%
Povyer Requirements; None
PLAT RESPONSE SWR & POWER METER FOR VHF
$89.95
MODELPM2V
Frequency Coverage Input Impedance: Power Rang«: SWR Range: Accuracy;
50-150 MHz 50 - 52 ohms 0 - 20. 200W 1:1 - 3:1 ±10%
Power Requirements: None
^HIEMJEl
SWR 8( POWER METER FOR HF/VHF MODEL PM3HV $54.95
Frequency Coverage; 3 — 150 MHz input Impedance; 50 — 52 ohms Power Range: 0 - 20, 200, 1000W
SWR Hange: 1:1 -5:1
Accuracy: ±10%
Power Requirements: 12 VOC Illuminated meters tor mobile operator
Miili
Manufactured By:
AKIGAWA ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
Distritiuted Exciusivetv ^T-
MACAW ELECTRONICS INCORPORATED
P.O. Box 66, Carlsbad, Calif. 92008
Phone {714^ -434-1078
TftfeJt 181743 MACAW GSBD
SWR 8t POWER METER FOR MOBILE MODEL PM'SH KH^) $49.95
MODEL PM-5V (VHF) $49 95
Frequency Coverage; 1,8 - 30 MHz (PM-5H)
50- 150MHe{PM-5V} Input Impedance: 50 — 52 ohms Power Range: 0 - 20, 200 W ±10%
Power Requirements; 12V DC Complete with directionat coupler unit
SWR & POWER METER FOR HF/VHF MODEL PM^HV $44.95 Frequency Coverage: 3 — 1 50 MHz Input Impedance: 50 — 52 ohms Power Range: 0 - 20. 200, 1000W
SWR Range: 1:1 --3:1
Accuracy: ±10%
Power Requirements: None
Velcro for mobile mounting
MIKE COMPRESSOR WITH LINEAR
AMPLIFIER
MODEL MCLA-1 $89.35
Compressor Section
Frequency Range; 100 - 10000 Hz
DtstortJon: Within 04%
Linear Amplifier SeetJon
Frequency Range: 300 — 10000 Hi.
Gain; 25dB fl2V)
Power Requirements; 9 VDC
ACTIVE AUDIO FILTER
MODEL AAF'1
Filters;
Center Frequency
Shift Width: Input Impedance; Output Impedance: Output Power: Power Requirements: 9 VDC 160 mA
$89.95
Band Pa ss+ Notch
200 - 2500 Hz 8 -600 ohms 8 ohms 1 W max.
PRESELECTOR
MODEL PR-1 $109.95
Frequency Coverage: 3 — 30 MHz
Gain:
RF Attenuation: Inpuf/Output
Impedance: Relay Power
Capability:
20 dB at 7 MHz,
Variable
^20dB & -lOdB
50 — 75 ohms
200W CW
(Prices are suggested li$t and are subject to change without notlcej
Power Requirements- 1 1 1 VAC 60 Hi
1^ R'&^der Service— sse page 226
73 Magazine * December, 1980 75
^
Sipalciafters Presents
Thft Most AdvanrBd
iutomatic Compnting
Pftwcr Meters In Amateur Radio!
MODELS 31 and 32*
Our portable Modets 31 and 32 feature the same slate-of-the-art technology that is incorporated in their Big Brother, the Model 30, Never again will you have to bother with SWR "calibrate" controls and svyitches! Signatc rafters' custom integrated circuit makes power and SWR measurement a "handsoff " opera- tion by automatically computing SWR. The result is unparalleled accuracy and ease of operation.
FEATURES:
• CUSTOM IC-Computes SWR from the level sensed on the transmission line independent of the power leveL This analog corrputer operates over a range of onfy one watt to the full scale of the meter with un equaled accuracy.
• RIICGED TAUT-BAND METERS- Provide accuracy and readability that must be seen to be appreciated.
• HEAVY DUTY CABINETS-Hand- some heavy duty metal cabinets Gompiement virtually every trans- ceiver on the market today.
• TWO MODES-PEAK OR AVER
AGE— The amateur may choose be- tween either peak or average power readings.
• POWER REQIJIREMENTS-Oue to the advanced low current design, battery life is truly outstanding, mak- ing this meter e natural for portable or field day operation, Uses standard 9 volt battery or 120V AC with op- tional AC adaptor
• An RACTIVE AFFORDABLE PRICING *Model31A(0to200w)
31 B {0 to 20w)
-only $149X0
Model 32A (0 to 200w, 0 to 2000w) 32B (0 to 20w. 0 to 200w)
, only $169.00
SIGNALCRAFTERS, INC/
5460 BUENA VISTA DRIVE
SHAWNEE MISSION. KANSAS 66205 9ia/262 6565; TELEX 42-4171
All SipnaEcrafters prdducts ar& designed, engineered, and prodix^ed in (he U.S. A Pnces jncfude sTiippirtg to 3II U.S.A. ViSA and Master Charge accs-pt&d KansaB Resl- den:!s pi Base add 3V!.- percent
f^66
SCANNERS:
Introducing a scanner tor the ICOM 1C2AT.
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• lititiElitiwi is im^t. Unlike olNer cDrnpetilire QtaiMh i\\ AED tcanncn wt ttciigMd 10 Ihat 11 ii toUliif wnecesstfrt (o tuf m wi^is Mk your ng durins intlilbllon
• All PXi.i are iiili(-screeii«il md lin pl«ttd lor caiiff dnd mtt iFlective sgld«rlng.
• ]\\i kil comes compltle witt all parli nA i delaifed iniUucFbn manyal in- cfydiiig ^dieitislki.
• In the lumtt OFF mU !he li^ aperdlei narmalli. In Ihe Kmm OH mode he scdFiner Ic^ki m an Qccupied frtquenct. paniiei tor i pfeict li^me iibout 3 uc] J[*d Iben mmm scanning leice^t W.
m Ihe IrequencY Wm ii:d[intd is (tii^l^red on Ihe digjid readDyi {ami 72S vein and lempaj.
• Ihi) (^ivei ^w \\k abiEity t« ea^eidrop ^31 wv the band wilhoLl lih'm a linQBr. When ifou liear iD^nettiing Interestiti^, m lEip (be ivttch to tfit lOCK mode m6 Ihe ri^ n mi) tci trans:[nii.
KIT PRICE 39.95
PREASSEMBLfD, REG. .. 59.95 SPECIAL, NOW 49.95
lOvMETER FM
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1he>lED FM ADAPTER is no»^ available
4lfct iEP t^9^J cDPirni} iiiinnf HP Irinicerr^r; b Ithi^niil mi 10 fHlvr FK.
• T« VS4 ihe uJi^rcf tw we jtt^wti Id lUfi in Hf ^St iTiiifCHifit hhI 4 7 H fll tHviniier k <rect4fer
■ Dit AED kif {Qflinh dI ! P.C. bwiti. hlti boirds ire ^fned 14 EiF wiiriJT Histii row If rig. (Eich tuafd mtisurn 1*^ . iCT.)
• One bt«d 3«rTK it Ihe PoduJi^ «ii^di FH"s 1 w iinl-in« Hf iriiuiiiB'i VfO
• Tht tHa^ld bHfli rf a wpth idiolir vhich cimrirti }ifm Hf (rmtEHri ri l.f Id a IN Fre- qiMfitT. Thh will ilbo* iwi Id FiEini noise hM lOH; FH on fvttr IH Irimnnr
• Dill jn^ilinliofi [«i h diiiMKJ wl itie sti^ll t^Elch mtl^i «ith 1lk( hJI.
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ClMlMl)
HF niG
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IKCLUK SI SO FOR POSTAGE AHD HAHDIING PER IIEH
The UDT 170
^m
The SMART TO for RTTY & MORSE
The GDT 170Gniversa! Data Transceiver will instantly convert any ASCII or Baudot teletype or video ternninal Into a multiple baud rate data transceiver for ASCII, Baudot or Morse operation. It features ..,
' 170/850 HZ Shift
• Dual 6 pole active filters for weak signal operation
• ASCII/Baudot Regeneration with nnukiple baud rates
• CW Auto Ident (optional)
• 1 -1 50 WPM Morse with Auto-track
Price, Complete ~
and Assembled $^
• Computes & Displays WPM copy rate & Buffer Status
* Selectable line length from 40 to 80 characters
' Metaf Enclosure 12"x7 l/4"x3 1/2"
For more Informatign write or phone
»XIT€X CORP
9861 Chartwell Drive Dallas, Texas 75243 (214)349-^2490
Pnc« subject to change wKhoui notice
76 73 Magazine • December, 1980
APPLE^ Owners
CW/RTTY
^ 'it!L
m- M.
FEATURES
~ Send* flec^ve MORSE BAUDOT ASCM Connects fo AP'PLE game I O pofi
U^je$ |>mltm PLt CM «iilerna< Tu rnciadesnafdwiire cassien^sft manual (/Vo'd Of tented EdifQr
APPLE IS 0 ftcoflniied nad^nwn ^ APPiE CO«RJTC«.
Wrile or call lot complete catalog
ln$tan) B^eali op^'ation — pitsetve lype-anead &iitfef
e4gm mes-^geTiernQries — 255criaf ea
Auto Kansminer coni»oi — **TT
OidCti« Beotay CassetteSaw* CWIDiRTTYo-ni^i
PanooT^ P'^tTice Beacqn change &p^acmgiMm&e{?iniiy^
CA650 «fi cab.nei S2S9
TA SSQ FSD-1 aceiwe liiiei RTTr demodyiaiof
)tf L 1 ifal confroJJea AFSH and AC DO*er siif^pty
I n si a( »e<j in C A^^ i assern pi^d te &t ed < $4§S.
AGSOOaddsdiskbas^efTY roCAoSO TA650SS0
ICSJnc
1 125 N. Golden Stale Blvd. / Suite G Turlock, CA 95380 (S) ^4^
(209) 667-2888 / 634-8888 califorriK] residents add 6% mn W0 flf« BMperiBficing tetephonB difficutths, pi«as« keep trying.
TRS-80/RTTY
The Crooning Touch
ROM- 1 1 6
Ainatovr RTTT Op^rtifflnfi Syftfam
Supporti any B-level imtmi
Crmt«r or m<id*nn * Baud rat* «yboard ieftcfabi* * Ettpaniion In- teHFocf not r«quir*d for operation of mmrml printer or mod«m«
* BUFFERS;
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• AUTOMATIC lloft/end til t^th
CW ID: At thi
trtinfmiffiQn " Everi
• MODES: CW -
RTTY tASCII Of BAUOOTJ
• REAL-TIME CLOCK: 24 hour clodi ' Automotic updating ' Time ditploy in- cludes day, month and yeor,
• SPLIT-SCREEN VIDEO; 1 2 lines receive text ' 3 !m» transmit teitl or pre-lypi- ng a message * 1 line ditplay^ r»al- Hme dock * Statut ditplayed con" tinuously * Word^wrappmg -
• TWO SEItlAL PORTS PROVIDED: Port "A'" -interfaces to tnlernol or externol terminal unit * RS-232, TTL ond 60 ma. ' ASCII /flAUCK>T *
TO minutoi * Provtsion lor quick breot {no ID}.
• TRANSMITTER CONTROL Transmitter
turns Oh "^ off automatrcaMy via
software control * Provitions mode for quick break-
• SOFTWARE PROVIDED: 2 RTTY Pro- grami (Cassette/ Disk version) ' ASCII /BAUDOT Driver routines [permits use of "LLJST'^ and '*LPRINT'^ com- mands from bask) * CW send /receive program.
• HARDWARE REOUI»£MEKTS: TRS~80 with 16K RAM * EMternal f«rmindl unit recommended (flesher TU-170, ST-6 #lc) • AFSK'FSK unit.
16
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INTRODUCTORY PRICE
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206-659-4279 / 206-6S9-9512
*A Trademark of The Tandy Corp
Hl-Q BALUN
For dpoies yag^, nverted vees & doublefls
Ftepiaces ceni^ nstMator ' Puts power m afl4enna Broadband)^ 3-40 MHz Small ItgtKweidtit and weaiheffjroot
' 1 t Impedance raiio ' For fun legal power and rtiofe Hetps elimiriaie TV I
■Wirh SO 239 conned or
$10.95
HI'Q ANTENNA
INSULATOR
Ml-Q
Oalun
9- ^
--%
Smafl rugged ligrii«eighl weathierprool
Replaces o^nt^ msulalor
Handles ixM legal power afld more
$5.95 ^f*^ ^ ^^* connector
Hl-Q ANTENNA END INSULATORS
Rugged, liglitwelghl. in)ec- tfon molded of top quality maiertal. witti hfgh dietec- tnc qualities end excellent weatlierabiHty. End insula- tors are conslructed In a spiral unending fashion to pennit wfndmg of loading colls Of partial windtng lor tuned Iraps. May De used io' *Guyf wTfe sir am msulalors • End ot ceniet «nsulaiors lor antemias
kConviiClion oi amenna iDad- tno rrfii^ rst mifnifwjnfl traps
T *4.95
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80.75 |
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$2495 |
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20 |
33 |
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All antennas are complete with a HI O Balun or Ht-Q Anienna Ceni^r insylator. Ho, 14 anienna wfre, cer- amic insulators. 100 nylon antenna support rope {SO models only 50J raled f Of full legal power Antennas may be u&^ as an inverted V and mey also be used by MARS or SWLs.
Antenna acoessorfes— available with antenna orders Nylon guy rope 450# lest 100 teei S3.49
Ceramic {Dogbone Type} antenna Insulators .70 pr SO-239 coax connedors 55
All prices am postpaid USA 49 Av^latale al your favorite dealw or or^dof direct from
%^^mm DeaJer Inquiri^es Inviled
Gorden Engineering
BOX 21305, S, EUCLID, OHrO 44121
f^ fleadsf Service — s&e page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 77
$OmL EVEHTS
Listings in this column are provided free of charge on a space^avattabie basis. The foUowmg tnformatton should be included in every anriounce- ment: sponsor, event, date, tirr^e. pi ace, city, state, admiS' sior* charge (if any), features, iaikin freguencieSf and the riame of whom to contact for further information. Announce- ments must be received two months prior to the month in which the event takes place. They should be sent dtrectly to Editoriai Offices, 73 Magazine, Pine Street, Peterborough NH 03458, Attn: Soaaf Events.
FARIBAULT MN DEC 6
The Handi-Ham System will hoid its annual winter hamfest on Saturday, December 6, 1980, at the Eagles Club, FaribauH MN, There will be a flea market, a dinner at noon, a program, and a prize drawing
OAK PARK Ml JAN 11
The Oak Park ARC will hord its annual indoor Swap & Shop on January 11, 1981. at the Oak Park High School, Oak Park Boulevard (SV? miles west of Coolidge Highway). Oak Park Ml. Doors will be open from 8:00 am to 3:00 pm and admission is S2.00 per person. Features will Include an ARRL table, a door prize, a YLRL table, food, re- freshments, and free parking, Talk-In on 146.04/.64 and 146.52. For more information, send an SASE to Rob Numerick, 23737 Couzens, Hazel Park Ml 48030, orcall(313>-398<3ie9.
CHESTERREIOVA JAN 11
The Richmond Amateur Tele- communications Society will hold Frostfest 1981 on Sunday. January 1 1, 1981, at the Chester-
field County Fairgrounds. Cheslerfieid VA, from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm. New and large facilities include spacious aisles, and plenty of on-site parking, with Charter buses welcome. Admts- sion is S3.00 for each four-foot* long flea market table, and $2.00 for each tarlgating vehicle. Features will include commer- cial exhibitors, a flea market, an auction, and prizes consistmg ol a color TV. a Bird Wattmeter with slug, a digital VOM, and many more. Talk-in on 146.34/.94 and 146.28/ .88. For further infor^ mation, contact the Richmond Amateur Telecommunications Society, PO Box 1070. Rich- mond VA 23208.
LIVONIA Ml FEB 22
The Livonia Amateur Radio Club will hold its 11th annual LARC Swap n Shop on Sunday. February 22, 1981, from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm. at Churchill High School, Livonia Ml. There will be plenty of tables available. Other features include door prizes, refreshments, and free parking. Talkm on 146.52. For further in- formation, send an SASBE (4" x
9") to Neil Coffin WA8GWL, c/o Livonia Amateur Radio Club» PO Box 2111, Livonia Ml 48150,
VERO BEACH FL FEB 21-22
The Treasure Coast Hamfest well be held on February 21-22, 1981, at the Vero Beach Commu- nity Center. Admission Is $3.00 per family, in advance, and S4.00 at the door Features wtll In- clude prizes, drawings, and a OCWA luncheon- Talknn on 146.13/73, 146.52/.52. 14$.04/.64, and 222.34/223.94. For informa- tton, write PO Box 3086. Beach Station, Vero Beach FL 32960.
DAVENPORT lA MAR1
The Davenport Radio Ama- teur Club will hold its tenth an- nual hamfest on Sunday, March 1, 1981, at the Davenport Masonic Temple, Highway 61 (Brady Street! and 7lh Street. Davenport I A. from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm. Tickets are S2.00 in ad- vance and S3.Q0 at the door. For advance tickets and table reser- vaSions, write Dave Johannsen WBOFBP, 2131 Myrtle. Daven- port lA 52804.
encounter
Dateline Dayton Hamvention . . .
To (tomofiitrate the selectivity of our Msrfc 3CR repeater we keyed a trantfnitter 1 5 KHz off frequency and »et It directly againat the receiver Input Our Mark 3CR didn't even notice the close encounter.
Sure the Mark 3CR can withstand severe interference, * ft uses both crystal filtering and double conversion. And that's just the beginning. Its performance contin- ues with a transnnjtter that meets commercial specs plus a microprocessor controller that gives you 39 functions and 13 Morse messages. For peak perform- ance have your own close encounter with a Mark SCR / Repeater or Mark 3C Controller.
call or write for specifications *^^^ MICRO CONTROL SPECIALTIES 23 Elm Park. Groveland, Ma. 01634
(617) 372-3442
78 73 Magaitne • December, 1980
HAM HELP
I need schematics^owner's manual for an Eico model 625 tube tester. I will pay the post- age, copy, and return all materi- al.
Also, I need any modifica- tions for the Globe V-10 vfo. I re- cently purchased one at a ham- test and the 6CB6 plate circuit doesn't match the schematics. It has a very low output (approx- imately 0.5 V p-p).
Vvn awaiting my Novice ticket; that's why there's no call in my address.
Tim Cook
453e Knoll Drive
WoodbridgeVA 22193
I recently obtained an Allied SX-190 reciever at a local ham- fest, but \ did not receive an op- erating manual. If anyone could supply me with a manual or a xerox copy of one (I believe the manual for the AX-190 ham re- CBfver is the same), I would be happy to pay for it. The receivers were produced by Allied/Radio Shack in the early 70s. Thanks!
Gary Toncre WA4FYZ
13764 SW 54th Lane
Miami FL 33175
I would be interested in com- municating with anyone who has used the Heathkit SB 610 and SB'620 at i-f frequencies higher than 6 MHz. For example,
the Kenwood TS-820S has an if output at 8.83 MHz, and I would be Interested in any modifica- tion which will accommodate the higher frequency.
J.O. Dickinson
1408 Monmouth Court West
Richmond VA 23233
I'm looking for a schematic or instruction manual for a Knight model KG-642-A ultrasonic in- trusion alarm, circa 1970, and a schematic for a function gener- ator using the XR'205 chip. I would be happy to pay for an original or a copy. Thanks.
Gene Smarte WB6T0V
Nubanusit Road
Hancock NH 03449
1 need circuit diagrams and/or books, as well as information on a vfo and mods, for a Conar 400 transmitter and 500 receiver. I will pay for copies.
Nate Bushnell KAODGN
7175 S.Grant St.
Littleton CO 80122
{303)-794-6956
) need all the information I can get on converting a J.C, Penney's Pinto SSB rig to 10m.
John Lynn 1456 Cheyenne Street
W. Fargo NO 58078
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RADIOS, 386,00
SG-12/U FM RANGE 20 MHZ THRU lOO MHZ IN 5 RANGES, METERED OUTPUT AND DEVI- ATION, PERFECT FOR LOW BAND FM MILITARY AND COMMERCIAL J^ADlOS. . j 55 qq
MEASUREMENTS 560 FM RANG€ 25 THRU 54 MHZ, \30 THRU 174 MHZ, 400 THRU 4/U MHZ AND a^ MHZ IN 6 BANDS, VARJARE OLJTPUT 100,000 MV TO O 1 MV, lOOO CYCLE MOOULATfON, VARIABLE DEVIATION 0-16 KCS, METERED OUTPUT AND DtVlA^ TION. A FINE COMMERCIAL GENERATOR 45Q qq
SG 13/U VOR/ILS, RANGE 108 THRU 1359 MHZ AND 329.3 TO 335 MHZ, OUTPUT SfG- NALS INCLUDE VOR, IOC. GLIDESCOPE AND lOOO CPS, OPERATES FROM H5V, 60HZ, SAME AS COLLINS 479T 2, PERFECT TO REPAIR AIRCRAFT RADIOS 285 OO
TS^4ie URM-49, RANGE 400 THRU TOOO MHZ, AM, CW. OR PULSE. METERED OUTT^JT,
PRECISION ATTENUATOR. _;,...,.. . . ;;i^.-^■. . . , . .-,;-■., ■ - ■ ]65 QQ
TS-1379/U SPECTRUM ANALYZIR. RANGE 2 THRU 31.5 MHZ. 5" CRT DESPLftV USED TO DE- TERMINE RESIDUAL CARRIER LEVEL, THE LEVEL OF HUM SIDEBANDS. AND INTERMODULA- TfON DISTORTION, PERFECT FOR TESTING SSB TRANSMIHER. USED ON ALL NAVY COMM
SHOPS - , . ■ ■ ,. - - 375.00
FOB OnO, N.C. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED OR MONEY REFUNDED. SEND CHECK. VISA OR M 'C
' ^ PHONE BILL SLEP 704-524^ 7519. ^367
J. \L . ,. — \^
.X. n V ' t \K'\
Electronic Distributors
Step Electronics companii
p. O. BOX 100, HWY 441, DEPT. 73 OnO. NORTH CAROLINA 28763
I need operating manuals and schematics for a Collins 75A transmitter and 75A-2 receiver. Can someone help? 1 will pay for copms.
Bill Morehouse
PO Box 214
Waukesha Wl S3187
Does anyone have any infor- mation or a schematic for a Motorola T71GJT-1100? i will buy a manual for the above or pay for a copy. Thank you.
Fred Martin
16 Reid Street
South RiverfSlJ 08682
thb publication
is Qvoiloble in microform
.ul-ll
tifiti
_.y^^-*
University Microfilms International
aOO North Zeeb Road
Dept. PR.
Ann Arbor, Ml 48106
U.S.A.
18 Bedford Row Dept PR. London, WC1R4EJ EnQiand
: StATtMENT OF OWNEB&H If, M ifhNflG EM E NT A NG G IffCULAT^ON | Huq Idf Ed tJy 39 U.'S.C. 3BQ5) 1. Tint or pijtiNcatiDin. 73 Maqaimi. Z Oale q\ \\\m% Ocl i. 19B& 3 "Fii^g^ni^y [>rr&^ijK. MrjrTthty A Ni> cl i9:&u«& piibJisfted anivuali^ IE. & Annual sutEDriplion price, ^^i.ffl) *. L<Jcatlon ol IfnownoHica ol publncsllcn jSiTflut Cily. Cflumy^. 51*1* *n(3 ZIP Ccidei iNol pnnlersl, &D Pme Streal, F'trerOorough. HiUstwtc OouJitv, f+.H M^Se. 5. LoCiitton o1 (ftc MiJ^J^uaMer-s oi y#nefal Uu&irii&a orfi-t-«a of the pu&Nsher&lNot pi'i<v(Br*3. 90 Pi he Sfte^H. Prtli^i-ti^jfftwah. Hillabcjft^i Coufil^'. M.H €3454. 6. Namaa and comp leSa- addresses ol pu hil-sher. ^iJi(&r ^rwJ in* n^q\ii^ aniiof : PubitBhflf iNanofl and Aadf&sa). Wavn* Green, Petertjorouflh. MH OSflOe. Edftpf |M;irrvK ^hd A^df^a^i, lAldynr Gr^^^n, P#lerbciroLjgh, N H 0^^ Managing EdttrM \Uame: artd AddrMS?. Jach BurineH. i2'C Granrtg SI. PetcsD&rcHJuh MH 03468. 7 DwrM-r ^ir i>wria£t t^y a corpofalior^. He name and adCraas intj.&r t?e &[Ble<1 ai^ al^o Imin^^iateEy iher^vncter th« nanvB- and addrc-scps- of aiocKrihcildarE owriing v *«3^- \tvQ 1 ptibiiT\\ i^\ mtits. (i\ \Q\i\ amehjm at slock, tl iiol ownad by a -cpriHKattar^, \h» n^me^ and adcrrasses oF ihe mdivjdual owners Tkr&t beqiven. \t own^d-by ap^rlmAr- afilp 0* older uninGorporated^irm. lis- name and 3ddT^E&, as^^iLas that uf e*ch Indl- ■viduai mual be giMtn. It Iha publication is jjublfshas ty a n<jnprcfHi t>fa!inij:BHos], H^ TlBinA^iirl ac>fi^#s.^; m'.i!!:t b^ ■El^t^d | M?^«, 73, Ini::., Pai^bntiXtQh N M DJ^SS. W^yn? flfflan, PaSa^borEHign . N. H . 03*!ili. 8 Ktvo wn^ bond('£jWa?'&, rTiy/i;aij^ga«i *hf| octMJf seJ
. cwMly haldera owning or holding 1 laercent or mora of tt>1al am(>unt of ba»ds. mort- <g«{}4i^ or al ht-j ^j^grl^^iiG; 111 Ih^e Af6 tKihe, schSlttte^ Nama, e\aiv&..U. for cornpl^ticin' ^y ni3<nprQJili>fg«ni,j3]jOH!iaLi1linEi£«d tr^iTiAil Al Special rstas 4^fi<;] Ion 132.1 ZZ, t'SMi Thfr purpose. Fu'(it;tipnan^> iKmpEOl^E si^luii-or t^la orQ^ni^^tit^n and th^^EeiT>p1 slat- us lor Federal inccume- last purposes (ty^Bck one? Ny( applncjitalc lO EKinni and ha lufR t^f sifnySaliLiri i^'i Avefage Ho copies aach i&sua during z^racading l^nnonlhs. (Y| Actual No, topie^ yf single iss^b p-whJi&hct] near^sl to I lima dilt A. Totai No Ql copfea printed jMot Press ftunj iXj. 76,S53 lY) 73.6W- B P^id-tHfCMliffflrt 1 5-Al*ft Ihrougb daalars and canri^ra, s.trael vendors a^ rcunlef aala^. (Kl i'0,77Sii;Y|' 9,950.
;'^ MJtII subscriptlona fK) BD.t^Z (Yl 55,2^9' C. Total paid circulation (SLini ol 1QBI
'.ijtICJ 1Q^3) {X|[ 72,91 1 \Ti e&,Z29- t? F^raa dlarnbutiort by mail, -i^arrle'' or other maana.
: tfjv^pl,^^.4^<:jmpllman1ary, and oth«4 Iraacop^a^i fX^ Z^ rV)^Q4. E. ToUa^ dhstributhon fBum pt C and DJ jXji 71.i:3t \y\ 65.5i3. F COfii^s ^iiii itisliinulfsd 1 QIFiinr uso. tell tmiiu u'rtacecujriLed, spoiled aheir pranlirrfl \f.'i l.D^d iv) i.D4I0. 2. Meturns U^om nswa ^fl^jnis |X) 4.7K iV| 7.14?. Q Tcjtal rSym oF £_ Fi d4id 2— aticuflo equdi rvet ptesa jdfi ehown m Aj i X.] 7(5.953 iVj 73,695. 1 1 I cfrtdfy Lh*t th* si atemirnis m&ac by me atmn^ afaoorfBC:! and ccMnpr«ta. S'gnaiura and Eitleol edilor, pub^Lshef. bu&in«&s>nanaggr. Gn OH'ne^ DeOra Soudrieau. Buatneaa Mariager
MICROWAVE
DOUfi CONVERTER POWER SUPPLf KIT AIJ Parts included* QiMl i tj' Cjse^ ?50 ma regulated, very detailed ■instruction^^ two incidel s- works vnth all down converters TU-8 B-12 VIK
TU-1? 1?-16 VDd
559,95
Introduction t.o' i ^Hz S.tud;^
Couiifse+ included a gtjaH t
S4 9,95
^
dawn converter kit> detailed $ t e p ' b^ - s t e p instructions. Requires 3-12V
FREE BONUS: Microwave rtntqnna CaokbDok
HICROVlAVf: ANTESWA COOKBOOK
Inf c^'ritiat ioifi' 'flft SMP products J2.CI0 handlintj cliarge, Maryland residenLs atld sales taK VISA and Haster Charge accepted.
SI 0.00 5ASF
S M P 1-^376
Post Uffice Rox 2050
G5 i thersburg ^ Mil ry land ?T]7f50
(3G1 ) 258-5150
K^ Readef Servic&^see page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 ?9
One-Stap Component Center ^
This is a partial listing of over 500 items available from authorized Jim-pak Distributors:
|
fflWf |
TTL ?%i |
|||
|
7400 ...... 2A85 7430 , . . . |
* , .as |
|||
|
M02 |
■ >■■-■ |
. 2/.85 7493 _ . , |
. , .85 |
|
|
7404 |
.B |
. 2/,85 74L0O. . . , |
. , .2.25 |
|
|
740e . |
i |
.2/L19 74109-. . . . |
. ,2/1.19 |
|
|
7407 |
■ |
.2/1.19 7412K . . , |
. . .69 |
|
|
7408 |
* |
. 2/.89 74123. . . |
. . .99 |
|
|
7410 |
. 2/.Bb 74150. , . . |
. , a.95 |
||
|
7414 |
I |
. .99 74154. , , . |
, , ,L95 |
|
|
7417 |
.2/1.10 74 157, . . . |
, . .99 |
||
|
MaJ |
1. ■ ■. B |
. 2/,es 7416K . . . .1.1$ 74164. , . , |
. . .1.19 |
|
|
7447 . |
. . .1.59 |
|||
|
7474 |
. . .69 74174. . . . |
. . .1.59 |
||
|
7475 |
. , J9 74175. . . |
. . .1.49 |
||
|
7476 |
. .69 74192, . . |
, . ,U9 |
||
|
7485 . |
. .1.19 74193. , . |
, . , .1.19 |
||
|
74S6 |
. .a/L19 74367. . . |
. . .99 |
||
|
7489 |
. |
. 3.99 74393. . , |
- , AM |
POTENTIOMETERS
t?
St
;' r
2 Watt @ 70°C
7/8" Slotted Shaft
Linear Taper
IK 5K 10K 25K 50K 100K 1 IVIeg
CMU . . $2.95
-^-u^.-
I
3/4Watt (§>70°C 15 Turn Pot. Linear Taper
lOOn 500n IK 5K 10K 50K 100K 500K 1IV1e9
83QP..$1J9
IWff CMOS
4000 4001 4002 4O06
4009 4010 4011 4013
4016 4017 401B 4020
4023 , . .
4024 . . , 4027 . . .
|
.69 |
4030 .. . |
|
.69 |
4040 . . . |
|
,69 |
4044 . . . |
|
L95 |
4046 ,. . |
|
.89 |
4047 . . . |
|
.85 |
4049 .. , |
|
.69 |
4050 . . . |
|
M |
4051 , . . |
|
M |
4066 .. . |
|
1.49 |
4069 . . . |
|
1.49 |
4070 , , . |
|
2.19 |
4071 . . . |
|
.49 |
40ai . . . |
|
1.29 |
4093 . . . |
|
.89 |
4511 . . . |
CONNECTORS
44 .»«v*--.tu^v4^ ^^,:^^L.^ M^^^
DB2SP
DB25S
DB51226
22/44SE
UGSS/U
UGB9/U
UG17S/U
S0239
Pi-25^
PL259
UG260/L>
UGi094/U
D^Subnifi nlature'Pl Ug
D-Submlniatuire Socket
Cover for DB25P/S
P.C. Edge
BNC Plug
BNC Jack
UHF Adapter
UHF Panel Recp.
UHF Adapter
UHF Ptug
BNC Plug
BNC Bulkhead Recp.
fl^ LINEAR ffi^
LIV130LN.
LM305H.
LJV1307N.
LJV1308N.
LM309K.
LM310N.
LM311N.
LM317T.
LM31BN.
LJV13I9N.
LM320K-5
LM790ST
LJV17912T
LM7915T
LIV1323K.
LM324N.
LM337T,
LM339N.
LM7805T LM7ai3T LM7815T
UM3S0N. LIV1334N, LIVI555N. LV1656N. LfV]56SN. LM566N. LM567N. LM723N. LIV1741N. LM1310N LIVI1458N LIVil4B8N LM14&9N LIVI laOON 764 77 N. .
■fttfV^.-.
X-^:
*■•■ :.
fm
GRAB BAGS
GBIOO GBlOl
G B102 GB103 GBIOS GBllO 0 8113 GB116
eeii?
GB12D
Cer. Caps. (100) 2.^
IVtylar Caps, (60) 4.95
Elettrolytks (GO) 4.95
Tantalurns (4oj 4.9S
TTL IC'S (50) 4.9S
Asst. LED5 (lOO) 5JS
Trimmers (30) 4.95
^w Resist. (20OJ 2JS
ViW Resist. (200) 2.95
Slide Switch f25) 3.95
GB123 Heat Sinks {30) 3.95 GB127 Transistors (100) 3.95 GB137 Chokes (50) 3.95
GBl3i Term. Strips (40) 3.95 GB140 Spcf/Stndtf 050} 2.95 GB141 Washers (ZOO) 2.95
GB14S LugsdOOi 2.95
GB154 1&2W Resi$t. [1003 2.95 GB162 7'Se9. Dsplys. (50) 5.95 GB173 3/8" Pots. flOO) 5.95
REGULATED POWER SUPPLY KIT
**y
•^.
t-i
Uses LM309K. Heat Sink _ provided. PC board con- struction. Provides a solid 1 amp @ 5 volts. Can supply up to ±5V, ±9V and ±12Vwvitli JE205 Adapter. Includes compo- nents, hardware and instructions.
M^^UU ■ k m m m m m ■■ m W ■■ ■#■«■■ 1^ | *T ■ *7 O
DESK TOP ENCLOSURES
DTE-8 (PicturedJ $31,95
DTE-11 (PicturedJ 34.95
DTE-14 36.95
DTE HK (Case for JE600) ,.<...... 47.95
DTE-AK (Case for JE610) (Pictured J _. 5Z95
VIDEO CONTROLLER
vf^.
View
liiEFde
Ra»r Viaw
S
JVC-40
tdeal for all video games or remote control projects. Two mini, pots. 40K ohm each. SPSTpush button control. Five-wire connect! ori cable 5' long. Hugged plastic case — 1^^"H X 2-3/8"VV X 4-5/16"L
. . $5.95 each
Discount lim-i
74LSOO. 74LS02. 74LS04, 74LS08. 74LS10. 74LS14. 74LS30. 74LS32. 74LS3E. 74LS43. 74LS47. 74LS4e. 74LS73. 74LS74. 74LS7S. 74LSS5, 74LS90,
LS Schottky
74USi09 74LS123 74LS138 74LS139 74LS1M 74LS1S7 74LS161 74LS174 74LS175 74LS192 74LS193 74LS22J 74LS244 74LS24S 74LS367 74LS374 81LS97.
2.49 IM 1.79 h79 1.79 1.89 1.39 1.95 2.49 3.49 1.29 2.49 2.49
SOCKETS
Low Profi
S pin LP , . .
14 pin LP . . . 16 Pin LP. . .
15 pin LP, . . 20 pin LP , . . 22 pin LP . . . 24 pin LP . . , 2B pin LP , . . 36 pin LP . . . 40 pin LP . . .
le Wire Wrap
2A59 14 Pin WW tin .75
2/.69 14 pin WW gold 1.09
2/. 79 16 pin WW tin .79
2/.a9 16 pin WW gold 1.19
2/.99 24 pin WW gold 1.69
2/1.09 40 pin WW gold 2.75
.79 14 p. plug/cover 1.29
.82 16 p. plug/coverL39
.99 24 p, pfug/coverL9S
1,19 + mofe5< p./$ocl<et5
DIODES & TRANSISTORS
ir\J751 .
IN757 .
iNiiaa.
IN 3600. IN4001. IN4004. IN4007. IN4148. IN4733. IN4734. IN473S. m4742. IN4744.
. 2/.59 . 2/.S9 . 2.69 . 5A99 . 4/.59 . 4/.69 . 4/. 79 .10A99 . 2A69 . 2/.69 , 2/.S9 . 2/.69 . 2/.S9
2N2219A.
2N2222A. 2N2907A. 2N305S, . 2N3772. .
2N3904. . 2N3906. . 2 N 4401. . 2N4403. , 2N5129. . 2N6139. . 2N5210. , 2NS95L .
2/1.19
2/.S9
2/.89
.99
2,25
, 2/.69 2/. 69 2/.79 2/. 79 2/.69 2/^69 2/.79
2/L29
CAPACITORS
Dipped Tantalum ELECTROLYTIC
.lmfd^35V 2/,&9
.47mfd@35V 2/.89
lmfd'§>35V 2/.a9
2.2m1d@2SV 2/L09
3.3mfd@25V 2/1.19
4.7mfd@25V 2/1.39 10mfd@25V 1.19
33infd^25V 195
100V MYLAR
,001-.01mfd .022 m fd .047m fd .Imfd
.22mfd
4/. 79 4/.S9 4/.93
4/ia9
4/1.29
lmfdi3i50V 3A69
4.7mfdP50V 2/.59
lOmf d ®50V 2A69
22mfcH9!50V 2A79
47mfd;S!5ov 2/.S9
I00rnfd@50V .59
220mfd@5OV .69
lQ00mfd@25V/ L19
22<50mfd@15V L39
50V CERAMIC
10pf%022nntd 4/.59
.047mfd 4A69
.Imfd 4/. 79
MICROPROCESSORS
ZSOA
MC6 SOO
e080A
8212
S216
2513/2140
ST97
AY 5-1013
AY'5237S
2114-3
M K4116
270S
2716
CPU (4MH2J
B Sit fsAPU
CPU
B Bit I/O Port
Bi-Directiona! Bus Driver
Charactet Generator
Tri-Stale Hex Buffer
3QK Baud UART
86-Key Keyboard Encoder
4K Static RAM £300nsl
16K Dynamic RAM C2S0nsj
eK EPROM
16K EPROM (+5V)
14.95
14.9S
7.95
3.95
4,49
12.95
2.25
6,95
13.95
9.49
9.95
10,95
19.95
ONE
DOLLAR
Discount Coupon
OFFER EXPIRES DECEMBER 31, 1980
Redeemable at participating JIM PAK Distributors for Sl.OO discount on purchases of JIM-PAK components exceeding $1.00
elecfronic components
Coupon
GOOD FOR
ONE DOLLAR
DISCOUNT
on purchase of any
JIM-PAK PRODUCTS
at participating Distributors
ONE DOLLAR
One Coupon Per Customer
Mr. Di^ributor: Jjm-Pak wilk accept this coupon for one dollar credit when returned to us with your regular orders.
80 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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FredCerfcen WB0LLP 7(m Knight Drive Box 91910 LewiBvtIle TX 75056
Clean Sweep for the FT-221
don't miss the action
SSB on two meters is be- coming more popular in my area, and activity cen- ters around the national calling frequency of 144,200 MHz. So, whenever I am in the shack, I turn on my FT-221 and position the vfo on that frequency. Sev- eral times I have listened for hours to the rush of the receiver, not hearing a peep, only to move the vfo dial when passing the rig on the way to the 807 locker and find a QSO in progress a few kHz away.
This half-hearted moni- toring causes me to miss much of the local activity. In order to soive this prob^ lem, t have added a clarif ier sweeper to the rig. This al- lows me to monitor 144.200 ± 8 kHz in a sweeping mode.
The Yaesu FT-221 has a broad clarifier which uses a varactor diode in the local oscillator module. By vary- ing the voltage on the varactor from one to eight volts, the clarifier has over ± 8 kHz of tuning range. The circuit in Fig. 1 provides an inexpensive pseudo-tri- angle wave generator with an output of one to eight volts, and a sweep time of one complete sweep ap- proximately every four sec- onds.
The circuit is designed to be both small and inexpen- sive. The 555 timer is wired as an astable square-wave
generator, and R1C1 forms an integrator which con- verts the square wave into a triangular wave. See Fig, 2. For the purist, an op-amp in- tegrator could be substi- tuted for R1C1. See Fig. 3.
Once the sweeper is as- sembled, check the output voltage. The output should swing slowly towards Vcc and then slowly back to about 1.0 volt and start over again.
Installing the sweeper in the FT-221 is a matter of preference. A simple toggle switch could be used to control the sweeper, as shown in Fig. 4, If you are the type who hates to cut holes in a $600 rig, you might try substituting a new clarifier pot and SPST
VOLT
B -
4 -
0
0
a
SEC
Fig. 2, Waveform from square-wave generator and RlCl integrator.
iOKj
}
BLUE
X
-*TQ. ^WPR-
5.6K
/^
TO VARACTOR
Fig. 4. Hookup using toggle switch.
82 73 Magazine • December, 1980
switch for the original pot See Fig. 5. This method is my choice. Only the new pot and two diodes need to be added. When the clari- fier knob is rotated fully un- til the switch clicks, the sweep mode is engaged. When the clarifier knob is in any other position, it func- tions noi^mally.
The circuit itself is very small and mounts any- where room is available. However, there is a good spot just in front of the crys- tal deck. The eight volts dc to run the sweeper is easily obtained from the clarifier pot itself. See Fig. 5.
Happy sweeping! ■
+ flVOC
A
;:i20K
/77
13'0|(
555
10 V
/n
m
toy
S.6K
-^ OUT Put
'T'
m
lOV
Fig. 1. Pseudo-triangle wave generator.
+av
47QK
t
lOOK
*| OUTPUT
Fig. 3, Op-amp integrator using LM118.
+ 6-V
■5OK UHEAM ft— $PST ^ "
s*-
ffr
BRWAWT
— T"
-*T0 VARACTOR
1 av
5.eK
OUTPyj
GND
Fig. 5. Hookup using new clarifier pot with SPST switch.
i
T
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T
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T
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A New Frontier
weekends were made for. . .10 FM!
During recent years, FM has become one of amateur radio's most popu- lar and widely accepted modes of UHF communica- tion. The convenience and
flexibility of channelized, squetch-muted equipment continuously appeals to nu- merous amateurs.
The excitement of low- band DXing, however, em-
braces a unique pleasure which all amateurs cherish — a thrill as old and irre- placeable as ham radio it- self. Wouldn't it be inter- esting to combine these
Photo A. Recipe for mountafntopping fun with 10 FM includes (left to fight] a Cushcraft 10-meter FM Ringo, an MFf antenna tuner with knapsack full of loose and long wires, Com- tronix FM-80, and a 2 meter hand-held talkie.
two modes and enjoy inter- continental FM operations? Imagine an ample supply of remote-base setups and re- peaters capable of practi- cally worldwide communi- cation in this vision and you have an accurate descrip- tion of 10-meter FM — a frontier which is presently blowing wide open with ex- citement.
Although FM communi- cations have been taking place on the high end of our 10-meter band for several years, this mode only re- cently gained widespread popularity. Two of the prime reasons for this up- surge are the increasing sunspot activity and the availability of commer- cially-manufactured IO- meter FM equipment, The introduction of Yaesu's FT- 901DM all-mode 160- through 10-meter deluxe transceiver and the Com- tronix FM-80 10-meter FM transceiver substantially promoted 10-FM activity. During the period of a few
84 73 Magazine * December, 1980
Repeater Inputs
29,520 kHz 29,540 kHz 29.560 kHz 29.580 kHz
International Ofrect Frequency
29.600 kHz
Repeater Outputs
29,620 kHz 29,640 kHz 29.660 kHz 29,680 kHz
Table T. Ten-meter FM band plan, ''Direct" operation on repeater output frequencies is acceptable provided deliber- ate interference isn't created.
months, 10 FM actyally eanne alive with worldwide FM operations. This activity continues to grow each day, as innovative-minded amateurs clamor to join the tun.
Overview of 10-FM Operations
Although a number of in- band repeaters are opera- tional on 10 FM, most of the activity is "direct" commu- nications on the Interna- tional Direct Frequency of 29.600 kHz or the repeater output frequencies of 29,62a 29.640, 29,660, or 29.680 kHz Thus far the use of direct communica- tions on repeater output frequencies has proven quite acceptable on 10 FM, provided rt doesn't interfere with the normal repeater activities on that channel Due to the limited spec- trum allocation for 10 FM, a tight-fitting and conscien- tiously adhered-to band plan is necessary. As this is being written, 29,600 kHz is being used for brief QSOs and as an international call- ing frequency with resul- tant additional communi- cations being carried out on 29,620. 29.640. and 29,660 kHz. 10 FMers realize the long-distance propagation effects of this band, and during such times their gentlemanly procedures are generally beyond re* proach. Several repeater groups are presently inves- tigating ways of improving the 10-meter FM band plan, but it appears that the one shown in Table 1 will be re- tained for many more moons.
While 10 FM is alive and active almost every day
and evening, this band's most exciting times usually occur during weekends. The fun starts early each Friday afternoon and con- tinues full bore until the band closes each Sunday night. During these times, signals from European, South American, and Japanese amateurs have been heard working various stations through repeaters in the northwestern United States, and New Zealand stations have been heard transmitting through re- peaters in the California area. It's not extremely un- usuaf, either, to hear two or three European amateurs communicating with each other through a US-based repeater during a weekend on 10 FM — and this situa- tion should also exist in re- verse in the near future.
All of the US-based re- peaters on 10 FM employ PLTM tone encoding to pre- vent unwarranted in-band interference. Right now, the most common PL frequen* cy in use on 10 FM is 107.2 Hz. When the control op- erator is monitoring a sys- tem during the weekend, however, some repeaters switch to straight COR con- trol to permit various forms of DX operations through their machine.
An uncounted number of remote base setups are op- erational on 10 FM. Some of these systems are per- manent arrangements used by many amateurs, while other remote bases are pri- vate systems created by interconnecting one's 10- and 2'meter FM units as desired. Another possibility for the near future is that of mobile remotes, produced
Photo B. Receiver section of WR6BDQ the 2% 620-kHz FM repeater in Sierra Madre, CaVtiornia. This repeater is mairh-
tained by David Findley N6DF and fohn Fortune WB6ZCT, During weekends, Dave and fohn occasionally swifch this machine to straight COR function for '"open" access. The transmitter of WR6BDC is approximately one mileaway^ at the QTH of WB6ZCT.
by interconnecting one's 10- and 2-meter mobile FM rigs. These units can be used separately while mobile, or the 10-meter unit can be 2-meter-accessed by the operator's NT when he leaves the car. An irvcar rubber ducky 2-meter an- tenna will restrict the 2-meter access range of this system.
Equipment
As previously mentioned, the introduction of Yaesu's FT-901 series transceivers and Comtronix's FM-80 units has been a contribut- ing factor in the recent growth of 10 FM, Prior to this evolution, the bulk of lO-FM equipment consisted of converted low-band (30 to 40 MHz) business radios. Both the Yaesu and the Comtronix are superb per- formers on 10 FM.
FM capability is standard on the FT-901 DM and an available option on the FT- 901 D and DE transceivers. Power output is approx- imately 20 Watts in the FM mode. The unit's memory is perfect for programming re- peater "splits/' and its squelch circuit operates very smoothly.
The Comtronix operates 80 discrete channels of 10 FM, and the standard 10-FM repeater offset of 100 kHz is accomplished by a switch on the unit's squelch con- trol. The rig's front-panel meter reads S-units on re- ceive and relative output power on transmit. Addi- tionally, a front-panel LED varies in intensity accord- ing to transmitted modula- tion, while another LED (bi- polar) lights green during re- ceive and red during trans- mit. Power output of the
73 Magazine • December » 1080 85
an
Comtronix is 10 Watts (high power) or 1 Watt (low power). The low power of both the Yaesu and the Comtronix is synonymoys with 10 FM. 50"Watt sta- tions are considered high power, and 250-Watt sig- nals are "super power'' — and usually are unneces- sary.
Conn merci ally-manufac- tured antennas for 10 FM also are beginning to gain in polularity, Cushcraft re- cently introduced a 10-FM Ringo which looks very simitar to their 2''meter Ringo except that if s much larger (17 feet tall— and it's great!].
Newtronics recently in- troduced their HOT 10 trunk-lip-moynted, center- loaded mobile antenna for 10 FM.
There are a number of antenna tuners which the 10-FM enthusiast will find beneficial when tuning a beam or random length of
wire for operation on 29,600 ± kHz. MFJ Enter- prises manufactures a full line of these items, and any of their tuners that I Ve tried have worked extremely well.
Finally, there are a large number of CB sets which may easily be converted for 10-meter FM operation. Basically, this conversion involves three steps: Move the unit up approximately 2.5 MHzTn rf range, replace the AM modulation with an FM modulator, and change the receiver's AM detector to an FM counterpart. Sev- eral articles concerning CB- to-IO-FM conversions have been published in amateur magazines recently.
Getting Started On 10 FM
Joining the fun of 10 FM will probably bear a striking resemblance to the time you first became involved with 2-meter FM. You'll probably locate and con-
vert a business radio for 10 FM, convert a CB set to 10 FM, or purchase a Yaesu or Comtronix for 10 FM. Op- erating techniques may seem different from IO- meter SSB activity, but you'll get the hang of it within a couple of days — and wonder why you didn't try 10 FM sooner.
Remember to keep your transmissions short when there's any possibility of in- terfering with distant QSOs, and never conduct lengthy direct communications on a repeater input frequency. As with any new mode of communications, the prime key to successful operation involves listening exten- sively to learn the tech- niques of that mode. 10 FM doesn't hold a money-back guarantee of fun, but you can feel relatively confi- dent that there will be nu- merous amateurs waiting to purchase your used 10-FM gear should you decide to
sell out and return to S SB- only activities.
Conclusion
The amateur frontier of TO FM is growing at a fan- tastic rate, and this mode has an extremely promising future. Long-distance com- munication via FM is a unique experience — and this aspect blends perfectly with today's frantic life- style and mobile operating techniques. This band is much smaller in rf spec- trum than other FM bands, so considerate and sophis- ticated operating tech- niques are a vitally impor- tant consideration.
All aspects considered, 10 FM should prove an ex- citing experience for the progressive-minded ama- teur. Its DXing, casual op- erating, and mountaintop- ping pleasures add new life to an amateur's interests. Here's listening for you on twenty-nine six!B
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86 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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73 Magazine • December^ 1980 87
Tom French WA4&ZP
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Scanner Magic for Heath's 2036
grab your October '79 issue for part I of this project
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FI1 |
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In the October, 1979. is sue of 73. an article en- titled, "An LED Display for the HW-2036" really excit- ed a number of Heathkit® 2036 and 2036A users. As mentioned in the article, a scan board circuit could be piggybacked to the 2036- DB Display Board- Below are a few hints on how to build this board and check it out.
OPERATE
I 203b -5B CLOCK
I SC&NNINIG f
S03G-MB STROBE
LOCATEO ON MfC
•SiV
J t.
i
SCAti PQSI ♦
I'
I
t ZEHO VDC
5 VOC
l» I
LOCATED on
f
■ 9
•3 voe
It,
i „
1,
'E3'
M*' >+' W
pm ptH PiM mm
3 4 f ? TO IC7
IC2
H h^ i<' V'
'*■ ^f re ' 'r
'vi' V w 4'
fm ^m *Hi Pin ^ * fi' T
T© 1C«
CLDC*t OUT TO SCAM^DP SWITCH
"H*' ^ ^K W
flm ('IN *n*i *i«i TO IC5
4
3C4
T
C)
f fg. 7. 2036-SB Scan Board schematic diagram.
Acquire a 2"X3" piece of perforated board and mount it for sizing on the forward IVa'* screw above the 2036 DB With the board piggyback on the 2036-DB, position all three 74LS163 chips and also the NE555; don't forget to leave a little bit of room for Q1 and R1 through R3. After marking the parts locations, remove the board. The components then can be in- serted, leads bent, and all required connections made with wire-wrap as shown in Fig. 1.
Rl is a threshold-setting resistor and its value is de- pendent on what signal strength you wish the scan- ner to lock. The higher its value, the more signal is re- quired to lock the scanner on a carrier A trimpot here would make adjustment easier.
Clock Out NE555 will go scan operate kHz), to provide a strobe pulse for the SN74LS298s. Install the push-to-scan switch on your mike at some place convenient (best location is on top) and use one of the extra wires in
from the to the new switch (0/5
88 73 Magazine • December. 1980
the mike cable for the sig- nal back to the 2036-SB.
Next, install the respec- tive wires to IC5 through IC7 from the 2036 DB to the 2036-SB(see Fig. 2| Remove the scan bridge on yoiJr 2036DB and solder in the wire from the scan operate switch. Reassemble your unit and apply power. Throwing the scan operate switch to Scan should cause the display to count from .000 to 999 and cycle again. H this does not oc- cur, check the 2036-SB to verity that the scan clock is active. Also read the signal at the 2036-DB on pin 10 of IC4 through IC7; these should also toggle.
To scan 147000 to 147.999, key in 7-7-7-7, then switch to scan. The switch should be toggled slowly. This scan modification is used to enable the user to locate new repeaters in a new city, and by no means is it competitive with pro- fessional scanners.
KBD. STROBE
SCAN BOARD 102
SYNTH. 0/5 Hi
SCAN
6OAR0
IC3
DISPLAY DECIMAL POINT
KBD. INPUT
SCAN BOARD ICI
— ^-
SYNTH; MHz
SYNTH. HUND, KH
MAKE THIS BRIDGE IF NOT USING SCAN OPTION
SYNTH. TEN'S KHz
Fig. Z 2036 Display Board connections.
If your synthesizer is not mended that the scan clock locking on frequency in the be stowed down. This is ac* scan mode, it is reconv complished by increasing
the value of the two 1 -meg- ohm resistors, R2 and R3 (see Fig. 1).H
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 89
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90 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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1^ Reaa^r Service — s*© pap^ 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 91
Steven D Katz WB2WIK 24 Loui^ Drive Budd Lake Nj 07328
HV Power Rectifiers
amplifier builders should read this one
I
Hams seem to have a propensity for using general-purpose techniques in specialized applications- For example, a fellow may try to use an inch-and-a- quarter TV mast to hold up his TH6DXX beam because it is the only size that fits through the bearing in his tower. Lousy reason . . , and the result will be a perfectly good antenna strewn about his yard after the first real windstorm. Another ham may use an RG-58/U feed- line to connect up his kW on two meters; after all, it handled the power just fine on 75. See my point?
One mistake hams nearly always seem to make is to use low-voltage technology applied to high-voltage cir- cuits. This approach falls well in line with the mast and coax examples above, An amateur who designs his new kW plate supply using a long string of 1 N 4000- type plastic rectifiers is making a mistake which likely will re- mind him of his error just when he begins calling that F08!
There are different
technologies currently em- ployed by the manufac- turers of silicon power rec- tifiers, and only a few lend themselves to high-voltage applications. The always- available "1000-piv, 1-A'' plastic diodes you find at flea markets and on retail- ers' shelves — usually priced at 15? each or so — just aren't. Aren't 1000 piv or 1 A, that is. These cheapie products nearly always are high-leakage commercial devices with weak reverse ''knees" (VR/lg characteris- tics) and limited surge capabilities. After all, if these diodes were so good, why wouldn't their source sell them to high-reEiability industrial houses, where the demand is high and supply is short, for much higher prices? Reason is, the manufacturers of these cheapie devices know the value of their product: near- ly zero.
A ham may build just one kW amplifier in his lifetime; he'll Sook everywhere for Eimac tubes, Jennings tun- ing capacitors, Dow-Key relays, and the like — all high-quality products. Why
endanger the usefulness of this major investment by using scrap power-supply components?
I have seen rectifiers which were marked "1500 piv, 2,5 A" for sale at a local electronics retailer priced at 6 for 51.00. Hmmm. I looked at them: They mea- sured 0.125" in diameter, were 0.250" long, were made of plastic (epoxy), and had plated copper leads. 1 purchased 12 of these gems and made a few mea- surements on them when I brought them home. The very best diode of the lot "broke down" (exceeded 100-uA reverse current) at slightly over 700 volts. In the forward direction, at 2.5 A, they averaged 1,3 volts forward drop. This repre- sents 3,25 Watts of power (itssipated in only one direc- tion. Add in the 100 uA of leakage at 700 volts in the other direction (70 mW) and we fmd that this diode would have to dissipate 3.32 Watts minimum in a 700-V ac application — an awful lot of power for a device the si^e of a M-Watt resistor.
len you consider that these devices are soldered together, i.e., the leads are formed tike nail-heads and soldered to the metallized silicon die inside the diode, it becomes very evident that the overall reliability of a device of such small volume dissipating over three Watts of power is questionable. Have you ever touched a Vx-Watt re- sistor which was actually dissipating one-half Watt? Ouch\
Another limitation of the soldered-together ap- proach is surge current capability. Ever turn on a piece of gear which im- mediately blew a fuse? Often, it is the power rec- tifiers which blew, from surge or tnrush current. In a typical power supply, the rectifiers charge a capaci- tor which represents a very low impedance at the operating frequency (in a line-operated system, this is 60 Hz for half-wave, 120 Hz for full-wave designs). Before the capacitor charges up to its working dc potential, it may look like a
92 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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dead short drawing, for the first few cycles of opera- tion, considerably higher current than the rectifiers can withstand. In fact it is not uncommon for (low- voltage) computer-grade electrolytics to be such ef- fective shorts that they at- tempt to draw several hun- dred Amperes of inrush cur- rent limited only by the re- sistance of the power trans- former and the saturation effects of its core. This surge current may be a hun- dred times the normal operating output current of the supply and can cause rectifier failures in an other- wise sound design. The problems caused by surge currents are numerous, but one may be solder fatigue in the rectifiers: The solder bonds soften as the result of prolonged high-current operation, then harden when the power is removed. This thermal cycling weakens the bonds and may cause a failure.
So much for surge cur- rents. How about ava- lanche characteristics? This term describes the manner in which the silicon junc- tion breaks down in the re- verse mode (in normal line rectifier applications, this mode occurs at a 60-Hz rate) and at what voltage the junction enters break- down. Typical double^dif- fused junction rectifiers^ the most common type used for commercial ap- plications, due to the inex- pensive process em- ployed—can be built easily to block 500 volts or so in the reverse direction.
1000 volts is an entirely different story and requires higher-resistivity silicon and tighter process controls. It has been my experience, after testing many lots of devices, that most "1000- volt" double-diffused parts, like the 1N4007, break down well below their rated 1000 volts. What can we do? Sue the manuacturers? Nope. You see, unless one is
very careful, the reverse- voltage test can be destruc- tive, and most manufac- turers accept no respon- sibility for devices which are field-tested unless tight testing controls are employed and proven ac- ceptable.
Where does that leave us hams? Holding the bag, Tm afraid, unless we deal ex- clusively with sources which have high scruples and specialize in high- voltage technology.
Even if the rectifiers used actually meet or exceed their rated reverse voltage specifications, what hap- pens if they're not matched for this characteristic? Ab- solutely nothing, as long as no one diode in the string is approaching breakdown or avalanche. We can assume that even a poorly-made power rectifier in the one- to-three-Amp region prob- ably does not exceed 10-20-uA leakage at room temperature if operated well betow its rated breakdown voltage. Except in extremely high-voltage (or low current) applica- tions, this represents such a small amount of power (e,g, 500 V X 10 uA = 5 mW) that it is not worth worrying about
Equalizing resistors wired across every rectifier in a string are, therefore, a waste of power and money and create an additional lia- bility in the system: A resis- tor could fail.
By the way, the tempera- ture coefficient of break- down voltage for a silicon unction is positive — the lotter the junction, the higher the breakdown volt age. This is, of course, a positive feature of a silicon rectifier. An effect to con- sider, however, is the in- crease in leakage current with an increase in junction temperature. Silicon de- vices double in leakage about every 10° C,^ and in many power-supply appli- cations, the junction tern-
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FOR*AfiD CURRENT PER LlG VS. AM&IENT TEMPERATURE ^C
175
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peratures will exceed 100^ C; often, power rectifiers will exceed 100-uA leakage at this temperature. At 500 volts Vr, this is 50 mW, not an insignificant value.
Matching rectifiers for forward characteristics can be important since it is in the forward — or conduc- tion—mode that the rec- tifier will be dissipating real power. Fortunately, most silicon power devices buitt with the same technology will offer similar forward characteristics — roughly one-volt drop per junction at rated 1^ and 25^ C. The temperature coefficient of this characteristic is nega- tive, i.e., the hotter the junc- tion, the lower the forward drop at a given current.
Packaging also is a con- sideration which will deter- mine the reliability and life of a silicon rectifier. Many inexpensive devices are cased in epoxy, a hard plastic molded around the tiny silicon die to protect and insulate it and the fragile lead bonds. Some diodes use a glass sleeve to hermetically seal out con- taminants which would gradually increase surface leakage of the silicon and lead to a failure; some- times, the glass sleeve also holds the leads on. This is not a great way to build
power semiconductors! Old-fashioned, ''top hat'' leaded rectifiers built in type DO-1, DO-2: and DO-3 cases are just that: old- fashioned They rely on the thermal impedance of a soft-solder bond to just one side of the silicon die to conduct heat away from the junction; they also are "cavity'' devices, whose characteristics can change as the result of mechanical shock. Not a great choice for that contest rig which gets bounced up the side of a rocky mountain.
As this discussion relates primarily to ac-line-oper- ated linear-type power sup- ply designs (direct conver- sion of 6O-H2 power to dc power), we have inten- tionally avoided the subject of switching characteristics of rectifiers. These charac- teristics, called forward- recovery and reverse-recov- ery expressed in subsecond increments (or dv/dt ex- pressed in volts per time in- terval, usually us), do not normally become impor- tant until operating fre- quencies far exceed 60 Hz. However, a considerable mismatch in t^.^ (reverse- recovery time) characteris- tics, especially if one or more diodes in a string are very slow to recover from forward saturation, can
94 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 95
cause the fastest diode in that string to be over- stressed for a lengthy enough period to cause its deterioration or destruc- tion.^ It is wise, therefore, to use at least medium- recoverv rectifiers — typi- cally rated 2 to 5 us --in reliable 60Hz power sup- ply designs where the devices are used in series.
So far, we've discussed a lot of '^don'ts":
1. Don't use long strings of low-voltage rectifiers.
2. Don't use cheapie devices whose ratings are
nearly always overstated.
3- Don't use miniature di- odes which will dissipate excessive power in your ap- plication
4. Don't use devices with limited or unknown surge current ratings,
5. Don't use '1000-V" di- odes at this rating, but oper- ate comfortably below their V|^ capability when using in series.
6. Don't use equalizing resistors— they're just a cover-up for having select- ed the wrong semiconduc- tors for the job.
7. Don't use power rec* tifiers which are built like small-signal devices, e.g., epoxy, glass-sleeved pres- sure-bonded, top-hat axials, etc.
8. Don't use devices of unknown or poor reverse- recovery characteristics, especially in a series string.
Well, what should we do? Thought you'd never ask.
When possible, use high- voltage rectifier assemblies manufactured by a reliable power rectifier house, rather than building your own assembly by wiring a string of discrete devices in series. These high-voltage assemblies are made of sev- eral rectifiers in series, of course — it is very difficult to manufacture a single junction which can block much over 1000 volts suc- cessfully and otherwise maintain the characteristics of a rectifier— but the
manufacturers of these as- semblies are much better equipped than the average ham to select the proper de- vices to use and then mea- sure the overall results.
A conscientious manu- facturer will use hermeti- cally-sealed, internal heat- sink devices, which are high-temperature metallur- gically bonded (f^<?t soldered] together, then screened and selected for characteristics which will allow trouble-free series operation, before assem- bling the finished product. This may sound like an ex- pensive process, but manufacturers set up to build such assemblies in large quantities can do so quite economically.^
Calculate the piv require- ment of the rectifier or assembly selected. For ex- ample, if the configuration is a fufl-wave center-tap, each rectifier has to block 2.82 times the rms voltage of half the transformer's secondary; for a full-wave bridge, each rectifier must block 1.41 times the rms voltage of the transformer secondary.
To further illustrate the examples in the last para- graph, if you have a plate transformer whose sec- ondary voltage is 2000 V rms and you desire to use a full-wave bridge rectifier circuit, each leg of the bridge must be capable of blocking at least 2000 x 1 .41 = 2820 volts with each half cycle. This assumes a nominal ac line voltage equal to and never ex- ceeding the primary volt- age rating of the transform- er, this also assumes that under no-load conditions, the rms voltage delivered by the transformer doesn't rise above its full-load voltage (transformers are typically rated at some rms voltage at some load cur- rent, like 2000 V at 500 mA). These are poor assump- tions!
Normafly, a transformer
rated at 1 kVA (equivalent of 1-kW resistive power)— say, 2000 V at 500 mA- wi!I rise in secondary voltage under no-load conditions by about 10% or, in our ex- ample, to 2200 V. In addi' tion, it is not uncommon for ac line voltage fluctua- tions to swing "upward" another 10% or so — say, from 117 V rms to 1287 V rms— which transforms to 2420 V in our example This would require a rectifier bridge rated at 3412 V per leg as a minimum, and even this value does not include any protection factor for short-duration transients.
So, you see that while our initial calculations led us to believe that a 2800-piv rec- tifier assembly might be used in each leg of the bridge described, in truth we should use at least 3500-piv assemblies as an absolute minimum; 5000- piv rated assemblies would not be overkill to afford us some protection against un- expected transients.
Next, estimate surge cur- rent requirements, I say "estimate" because there usually are unknown fac- tors involved, like trans- former efficiency, satura- tion effects of its core, and the discharged resistance of the input filter capacitor. However, one can make a worst-case surge current calculation based on transformer secondary resistance. If the resistance of your transformer sec- ondary winding is 20 Ohms and the secondary voltage is 2000 V rms, the worst- case surge current is Epi^/R (2800/20), or 140 Amperes
Actually, the surge cur- rent will not be quite this high. If your transformer secondary winding resis- tance measures very low or your input filter capacitor is very large, you may wish to add some series resistance in each input leg to the rec- tifier bridge to act as surge- current lim iters.
A 35-Ohm, 10-Watt resis-
tor in series with each ac in- put to a bridge as described above (2 kV rms secondary) will limit surge current to 40 Amperes maximum while dissipating only 8,75 Watts per resistor and degrading power supply regulation by about 1%. A compromise, surely, but not a bad one; surge protection may be switched ''out'' iust a mo- ment after turn-on if one wishes to conserve power and enhance regulation during normal operation
Next, determine the con- tinuous operating current requirements placed upon the rectifiers based on cir- cuit configuration and operating habits. I always design a power supply for continuous duty unless size and weight restrictions are a consideration. AM, FM, RTTY, and SSTV are pretty much continuous duty modes. SS8 and CW may be low- or high-duty cycle modes, depending upon voice characteristics, audio processing, keying charac- teristics, etc. The thermal time constant of most rec- tifier assemblies in the low kilowatt region (say, Vi to 3 kW) is very short, which means the rectifiers will reach operating tempera- ture from internal heating rapidly — probably in less than one minute of key- down time. Therefore, just because one keeps his transmissions reasonably short does not mean that the rectifiers aren't reach- ing their operating tempera- ture.
Most kW-region, high- voltage supplies will never have to deliver more than one Ampere dc continuous. Those folks who are for- tunate enough to own a pair of 4-lOOOs or 8877s may wish to design a power su|> ply capable of delivering 2 A dc, but don't brag about this on the air. lest the FCC wonder why you need such a big supply!
In a full-wave circuit, each rectifier conducts for
96 73 Magazine • December. 1980
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only half the input wave, and therefore must handle only half the dc output cur- rent. Even a two-Amp sup- ply can be built using rec- tifiers rated at one Amp Iq (continuous output cur- rent), as long as the rectifier rating is compatible with its operating temperature. It is wise to assume that under some conditions the rec- tifier junction temperature will be at least 100^ C. This may sound very hot (and it is, for human beings), but silicon power rectifiers nor- mally work in this region and they don't mind, as long as one derates them properly. The derating curves for one popular kW- ievel rectifier assembly are shown in Fig, 1,"^
As you can see, the sin- gle-phaSe, full-wave current rating for this assembly is 500 mA from 25° C [77^ F} to about 55^ C {131^ F); then it derates in a nearly linear fashion to zero cur- rent at 175 '^ C [347° F). This represents a derating factor of about 4.17 mA/°C (2.31 mA/°FX calculated: Kl^
T^} - (1q @ TmaJ]/(l"max
TJ Amps/degree, where Iq is rated output current, T^ is ambient temperature (usu- ally 25 or 55° C) and Tmax "s the maximum rated temper- ature of the device or assembly.
At 100° C, then, the ''500-mA" rectifier assem- bly shown is actually rated at about 312 mA;at125'^C It is rated at about 208 mA. Operating temperature equals ambient tempera- ture plus thermal rise from junction heating and is sometimes difficult to calculate. To allow margin for error, it is best to use assemblies rated for your actual operating current at some rather high tempera- ture (tike 100° C).
It is wise to take manufacturers' data sheet ratings Uterally and not ex- ceed them. Note that the temperatures expressed in Fig. 1 are ambient, for free
|
Peak |
Maximum |
One |
||||
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Inverse |
Average |
Forward |
Cycle |
Reverse |
||
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Type |
Voltage |
Rectified |
Voltage |
Surge |
Current/Leg |
Case |
|
No. |
Per Leg |
Current |
@500 m A/Leg |
Current |
@ PIV |
Length |
|
SS^C |
55*^C Mtg. |
25°C |
55^0 |
25°C |
A |
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Volts |
Amps |
VoUs |
Amps |
uA |
Inches |
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|
SDHSKM |
5kV |
1.0 |
7 |
50 |
1,0 |
3.36 |
|
SDH10KM |
10 kV |
1.0 |
14 |
50 |
1.0 |
3.36 |
|
SDH15KM |
15 kV |
1.0 |
20 |
50 |
1.0 |
4.04 |
|
*SDHC5KM |
5KV |
2.0 |
7 |
50 |
1.0 |
4.72 |
|
SDHDSKM |
5kV |
1X |
7 |
50 |
1.0 |
4.72 |
|
*SDHC10KM |
10 kV |
2.0 |
14 |
50 |
1.0 |
4.72 |
|
SDHD10KM |
10 kV |
1.0 |
14 |
50 |
1.0 |
4J2 |
|
*SDHC16KM |
15kV |
2,0 |
20 |
50 |
1.0 |
6.09 |
|
SDHD15KM |
15 kV |
1.0 |
20 |
50 |
1.0 |
6.09 |
air. There is a multiplier table shown which reveals that the current rating for this assembly is substantial- ly higher if external (oil or forced-air) cooling is in- troduced, as is often the case in industrial or military designs.
Another consideration is insulation resistance across high-voltage terminals or from them to ground. At working voltages normally encountered in amateur amplifiers, even big ones, this is not a real problem, since most of us are work- ing below 5 kV, A good rule- of-thumb dimension for high-voltage spacers or standoffs used to mount rectifiers and other high- voltage components is 0.10" per 1000 volts minimum.
The same rule holds true for package length of high- voltage rectifiers. Beware of a M''-long diode rated at "5 kV." The silicon junc- tions inside may not break down until that level is reached, but what about the package itself or the air around it? Many subminia- ture high-voltage rectifiers were designed to be used in dielectric oil or fluorocSr- bon, not in air, and should be avoided for amateur ap- plications.
Silicon high-voltage rec- tifier assemblies are avail- able as complete center- taps and bridges as well as half-wave devices. In fact it is a good choice indeed to
Fig. 2.
use a commercially-manu- factured complete rectifier assembly (such as a full- wave center-tap) when eco- nomically feasible, since the manufacturer has used well-matched devices there- in, ensuring good balance and long life. A typical full- wave center-tap high-volt- age rectifier assembly data sheet is reproduced in part here (Fig, 2^) as an example of a readily-available in- dustrial product and its ratings. The SDHC-prefix devices asterisked are the center-tap assemblies and are, therefore, rated at twice the dc output current; the SDH" and SDHD-prefix devices are half-wave di- odes and voltage-doubler configured arrays. [A dou- bler is two rectifiers in series with the center anode-to-cathode connec- tion brought out for con- nection to external high- voltage capacitors.) Note the Vp — forward voltage — specified for each assem- bly; this is a clue to the number of junctions con- tained in each.
This discussion, lengthy as it is, leaves out much in- formation; it is important to nbtfe that many of the rules outlined here do not apply to low-voltage, high-current designs. If there is enough interest generated by this article, I will follow up with articles on p-n power semi- conductor junctions, as- sembly techniciues, thermal impedance ratings, switch- ing power designs, etc.
In the meantime, most amateurs who have ab- sorbed the material pre- sented here should have a better understanding of high-voltage power recti- fiers and their applications and ratings. Next time you look inside a kW amateur- band amplifier, see what type of high-voltage rec- tifier system is used. It can tell you a great deal about how smart the amplifier's designer was, , and how much he cared about build- ing a reliable product.B
References
1. W. Shockiey, "Problems Re- lating to p-n Junctions in Sill- con/* Sofid State Ef&ctronics, vol. 2, c. 1961.
2. H,W. Henkel, "Germaniunn and Silicon Rectifiers," Pro- ceedings of the LR.E,, vol. 47, c> 1958.
3. Semtech Corporation, 652 Mitchell Rd-, Newbury Park CA 91320. Examples of construc- tion and design technology used here are taken from ideas used In Semtech products. Oth- er manufacturers of htgh-volt- age rectifier assemblies in- clude: Edal Industries, 4 Short Beach Rd., E, Haven CT 06512; Electronic Devices, Inc., 21 Gray Oaks Ave., Yonkers NY 10710; International Rectifier, 233 Kan- sas St., El Segundo CA 90245; Unitrode Corp,, 580 Pleasant St,, Watertown MA 02172; Varo Semiconductor, PO Box 676, Garland TX 75040; and Westing- house Electric Corp., Semicon- ductor Div*, Youngwood PA 1 5697.
4. Courtesy of Semtech Corpo- ration.
5. Courtesy of Semtech Corpo- ration,
96 73 Magazine * December, 1980
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 99
Keith Carter WD4LWC Route I Box 12 J Sycamore CA 31790
Cheap Connectors for Half-Inch Hardline
at your neighborhood hardware store
You've just become the owner of some really nice half-inch, 72-Ohfn CATV hardline, but where,
oh where, will you find con- nectors for this prize? What will you do? What wiU you do? To make matters worse, you know that even if you had the money to purchase commercial connectors, they would not fit anything in your shack. And what if your fellow amateurs found out that you weren't inno- vative enough to come up with something as simple as
a cable connector!
Don't despair; you're not alone. I found the answer after several weeks of think- ing, looking, asking, and try- ing every harebrained idea that came along. I found it across town in the plumb- ing section of the local hardware store, for less than a dollar.
Another Way
WA4VYR, a good friend and the inspiration for my original idea, has success- fully used the following
method of solving this prob* lem without any cash out- lay. He simply strips the half'inch hardline just as you would strip RG-8, Using two pairs of standard pliers, he screws a PL-259 connec- tor up onto the aluminum jacket and solders the cen- ter in the normal fashion. I tried this method — and tried, and tried, and tried, until I finally decided that there had to be an easier way. (The one 1 did get to work lasted only two weeks before Mother Nature pro-
Photo A. The completed connector
duced a break where the 259 and aluminum jacket joined.)
My Way
After the trip up the tow- er to find the broken con- nection, I dried my eyes and resumed my quest for a bet- ter way. When you don't know where you're going, I had been told, make an out- line. Just what did I need to do the job? 1 wanted a cou- pling that was compatible with the existing system. namely, with SO-239/PL-259 hardware. And the joint needed reinforcing, I decid- ed, in the tight of my previ- ous experience. The cou- pling must be small and have no clamps or sharp edges. It also would be nice if it could be weather- proofed easily. And, above all, it must be simple and cheap.
As 1 mentioned, the solu- tion to all this was found in the local hardware store. This particular store had a display of brass fittings used for the installation of copper gas and water lines. Among them was a half-
100 73 Magazine * December, 1980
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inch brass compression cou- pling.
This connector is a per- fect adapter, (t wrll fit a I- most perfectly over the alu- minum jacket of the com- nfionly-available. half-inch CATV hardline. It consists of the five parts shown in Photo B: the main body, two brass collets — one in- serted into each end of the main body, and two brass caps. These collets con- strict around the tubing be- ing joined when tightened correctly and form an air- tight, firm connection To make matters even simpler, the main body has a rim centered inside. This allows the cable to be inserted and seated properly before tightening
So much for the history and sales pitch. Gel your parts up and follow me through the simple ten-min- ute assembly.
Assembly
Prepare the end of the hardline as shown in Photo C. Cutting is done best with a small tubing cutter be- cause of its smooth cutting action. Loosely assemble the brass fitting and twist one end onto the prepared end of the CATV cable. This will be simple to do correct- ly since the cable will stop when it contacts the inner rim inside the brass fitting. Smce the main body and
end caps are machined for gripping with standard wrenches, use two wrenches and tighten this end very snugly. Be careful not to strip the brass threads, but do make sure you tighten the cap enough to com- press the collet around the hardline jacket. Don't worry if the union crooks slightly. I said the fit was a/- most perfect!
Next, it is very important to scrape all the enamel coating from the center conductor . 1 1 won't solder if you don't. Now we are ready to slip a PL-259 onto the center by screwing it on- to the foam insulation and up into the brass fitting. It probably won't go far enough to seat against the inner rim, but it will be far enough to allow the collet to tighten properly. Don't overdo the insertion bit here; remember, you'll need to be able to turn the cap of the PL-259! The rest should go without further detailed description.
Solder the center in the normal fashion and trim any excess length from it af- terwards. Don't tin the inner conductor before insertion because you will find they fit very closely, and it prob- ably wouldn't fit afterwards if you do, Prestol You now are back on familiar ground. The 259 connector should be readily adaptable to most of your amateur
needs.
When I showed my dis- covery to KA4DPF, a close friend who is an engineer for the local power com- pany, he remarked that this connector had a very im- portant virtue that I had overlooked. Since direct connection of dissimilar metals always produces some corrosion, the power company uses brass inter- mediate connectors to pre- vent eventual problems. Hence, this configuration should provide years of trouble-free operation, especially if taped well when installed.
Installation
By now you should have surmised that I am relative- ly non-technicat and am far from being an expert on an- tenna technology How- ever, some remarks about matching 72-Ohm cable with a 50-Ohm system are in order. I am told by those more knowledgeable than I am that the following con- ditions are found in this sit- uation. Provided the anten- na is an acceptable match to the transmitter and the 72-Ohm cable is exactty a multiple of one-half wave- lengths long at the operat- ing frequency, the transmit- ter will effectively "see" the antenna load at the oth- er end regardless of the characteristic impedance of the line Further, the ex-
pected loss from this line mismatch would be only around 1 .6 to 1 : probably a good tradeoff relative to a long run of RC-8, especially from a receive-loss stand- point
I matched the system at K4QT/RPT and at my home station by inserting differ- ent lengths of RC-S/X be- tween the hardline and the transmitter until I found one that made the total ca- ble length appear to be the proper length. The reflect- ed power shown on a 50- Ohm Bird 43 was less than one Watt with twelve Watts out of the transmitter. The flexible jumpers are a wel- come addition also when moving and installing equipment.
I am certain that this method has its faults and I would welcome any con- structive advice concerning better methods The repeat- er, which was constructed from an old Heathkit® HW-202, has been operat- ing on this system for about a year now without inci- dent. This doesn't prove anything except that a solid-state transmitter can operate well when used in the manner described.
Perhaps these ideas will be of some help to you when you come across that old CATV cable someone else doesn't want or couldn't figure out how to use!H
Photo B. The five-part brass adapter.
Photo C Half-inch CA TV hardline, adapter, and PL-259.
102 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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104 73 Magazine * December. 1960
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73 Magazine ■ December, 1980 105
Eugene f . Rupsrto W3KH
RD t Box i66
West Alexander FA 15376
The Microwave Midget
this WEFAX converter features something
different — an active mixer
Several years have parsed since NO A A (Na- tional Oceanic and Atmo- spheric Ad ministration J graduated from VHF WEFAX (Weather Facsim- ile) satellites to geosyn- chronous microwave satel- lites. True, some of the jgoiar-orbiting satellites transmitted data on S-band, besides the low-frequency product usually found on 1373 and 137.62 MHz, but only the bravest of souls at-
tempted to track such a fast-moving target with a narrow beamwidth dish. Be- sides, I was content to ex- tract weather pictures from the low-altitude polar or- biters and occasionally, for some real DX, from ATS-1 or ATS-3 parked some 22,50D miles above the equator.
In April, 197% NOAA published Technical Mem- orandum NESS 54, by John Nagle, entitled "A Method
of Converting the SMS/ GOES WEFAX Frequency (1691 MHz] to the Existing APT/WEFAX Frequency (137 MHz)/' This was followed up with an APT In- formatJon Note (7 6- W 4] in September: 1976, advising alt ground stations of the proposed S-band broad- casts and schedules. Clear- ly, the handwriting was on the wall, and many of us (some reluctantly) were dragged into the realm of microwaves.
The rush to 1691 MHz was not especially spec- tacular, and for most of us, it resembled a stow and laborious climb. Micro- corn m rose to the occasion with a line of inexpensive modules, and a fine article by WB8DQr showed us how to use them, besides providing a wealth of data
D
32 COAX
RF AMP
l£dQ
1 6' cush
on dishes, gain figures, path Igs^ and margins.
The annual gathering of weather-satellite buffs at the Dayton Hamvention in 1979 unearthed several home-brew devices, but I believe none has been de- scribed in print with the ex- ception of one produced by C8FCD. He wrote about his METEOSAT (Europe's counterpart to GOES) Earth station in recent issues of Wireless Worid,^
The heart of my system is an active mixer — a mixer with conversion gain rather than the conversion toss associated with diode mix- ers. The expected ground- level signal of — 134dBm is not exactly an S-meter nee- dle bender, so every bit of help you can get in the way of gain in the system is to
ACTfVe MIXER
13-7 SMHj I-F
LOCAL OSCILLATOR 517. B33 5mW
Photo A. The six-foot dish and feed horn.
Fig. 1. System configuration for the act/ve-m/xer con- verier.
106 73 Magazine * December, 1980
Photo B. No land mass is visible in this photo of the NE quadrant Placed above and overlapping Photo C cover- ing the SE quadrant, complete coverage of the eastern half of the hemisphere is obtained.
Photo C South America's v^est and east coasts are visible in this picture, at lower left.
your advantage (and of benefit to your wallet) be- cause high-gain preamp^ and transistors at this fre- quency still cost a few bucks. I was convinced of the worth of an active mixer by W6KT through corre- spondence and because of his success with such a device — although his dif- fers considerably from the one about to be described. I used an almost exact Copy of an active mixer de- scribed by Lark in Crutcher WA5WOW3 for 1296 MHz, with a few modifications necessary to achieve simi- lar results.
Circyit Description and Layout
The active mixer consists of two half-wavelength lines of #10 soft-drawn cop- per wire grounded at both ends of their respective cavities and tuned at their center point with 10-32 brass screws. The brass nuts are soldered inside the cavities. At one end of the multiplier cavity, a signal from the local oscillator is injected at 517.833 MHz at 5 mW, which, in turn, is multiplied by 3 to 1553.5
MHz. The output signal from this cavity is coupled to an inductive link at the other end of this line. The input signal at 1691 MHz is coupled to the input cavity via a capacitive probe at one end of the line and taken off the other end of the line with a capacitive probe.
This probe and the induc-
tive link of the multiplier cavity are composed of one piece of #14 wire bent into a U shape, 20 mm long with 12-mm legs. The difference signal, 137.5 MHz, is cou- pled to the mixer transistor by connecting a 100-pF disc ceramic capacitor from the center point (10 mm] of the U-shaped link to the base of the MRF901. The collector of this transistor uses a conventionally-tuned out-
put circuit to the 137.5- MHz wideband FM receiv- er. No preamp was neces- sary.
The active mixer box is constructed entirely of double-sided PC board. The base is slightly longer than 88 mmX54 mm, and the four walis plus the center partition are made from 1-inch-high strips. The ac- tual box dimensions are 88 mm X 50 mm X 25 mm The
517. aa 3 MHz
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Fig. 2. Schematic of the active mixer. Lh L2 — ^10 wire; CI, C2 — 10-32 nuts and bolts; L3 — 20 mm X 74 mm U-shaped linK it 1 4 wire; D1 — MA4882 mixer diode; L4 — 12 mm X 7 mm X 2 mm tab.
73 Magazine • December, 1980 107
Photo D. NO A A product from low-altitude satellite Tiros N relayed from the ground through uplmL
center partition is slightly shorter than 88 mm to fit in the center of the box, and is notched at one end with a
13 mmX15 mm cut out to accommodate the U-
shaped link A hole is drilled in the end wall adja- cent to the link for mount- ing the MRF901.
A very small hole is drilled into the baseplate near the wall for a piece of
insulated wire to pass through and connect to the base of the transistor to pro- vide the necessary bias. The rest of the transistor lives outside of the cavity. The low-frequency circuit for 137.5 MHz was built on a small piece of PC board and tack soldered to the back side of the baseplate for isolation. An additional one-inch strip was soldered
s- >
. 4
C t^
Photo £, Daytime infrared photo, NW quadrarit
Photo f Back side of the active mixer.
to the baseplate parallel to the long walls and drilled for mounting on a 19-inch aluminum panel. SMA con- nectors were used for the input and output ports to match the Microcomm rf preamp and local oscjlla- tor, but BNC connectors should work as welL
Tune-Up and Operation
I wish 1 could say that everything went as smooth as silk with this project but I traipsed with Murphy down the garden path for several months until I final- ly discovered that I had the collector circuit tuned to about 300 MHz The micro- wave portion of the mixer apparently worked well from the start. I used a Hewlett-Packard HP-614A signal generator for a beacon/signal source for testing. Initially, I biased the MRF901 for a collector current of about 800 microamps without oscilla- tor injection, fired up the oscillator and tuned the multiplier cavity for max- imum collector current which, at this point, was 1.2 mA By bending the U- shaped link closer to the multiplier fine, squeezing the multiplier diode closer to the line, and slightly
deforming the line itself downward by about 2 mm, I picked up an additional 600 microamps of col lector cur- rent.
Initially, 1 constructed the mixer with inductive links throughout, but in actual practice ended up with more gain by cutting the in- put link to the signal line from ground and also the signal line portion of the U-shaped link. I accom- plished this tweaking by set- ting the signal generator to 1691 MHz and the power to 0 dBm and turning down the calibrated attenuator. The tuning screw in the signal cavity tunes with the 10-32 screw almost all the way out with about one thread left in the cavity. The multiplier screw need- ed a 12-mm disk of thin brass or copper soldered to the end of its 10-32 screw to tune the line since it is too short, but the disk, with its added capacity, nicety pulls it down lower in fre- quency.
With one 12-dB gain Mi- crocomm preamp con* nected ahead of the mixer and a properly functioning output circuit attached to the MRF901, the attenuator was cranked into more than --125 dBm with plenty of
lOfl 73 Magazine • Decembef, 1980
signal showing on the re- ceiver, so I moved every- thing outdoors, t attached the system to a fe-foot dish and a homennade feedhorn sporting an N connector through ten feel of RG*9 cable and picked up a fult- quieting signal from SMS- COES East After optimiz- ing the feedhorn for focus and polarization angle^ I removed the preamp, and though the signal was a bit noisy through ten feet of cable, I think it would have made a useful picture.
Since most of the users have devised ways of mounting their converters and preamps at the antenna site, I assumed that it woufd be impossible to use only one preamp and expect to use the system indoors through a long run of cable. Taggart devised such a scheme using a Cofeman in- sulated cooler and an in- cubator device. My dish is situated more than 25 feet from my shack and 'looks" through an ancient sugar maple tree about 70 feet high with about 30 feet of leaves and branches in the way. I'm sure there is some signal absorption when the sap flows.
To satisfy my curiosity, I attached another 22-foot piece of RC'9 to the existing ten-foot piece and still received a full-quieting signal! I now have the en- tire system indoors except for the dish, feedhorn, and thirty-two feet of RG-9 cable and one foot of RC- 142/U with a total of six connectors in the line: one SMA male, four series-N males, and a double-female N "barrel' connector. (I believe I have some loss there.) The pictures shown were made with this cable configuration, but someday 1 hope to replace it all with one piece.
Conclusion
For my money, the active mixer is definitely the way to go at these frequencies. I
didn't use any bandpass fil- ters in the front end be- cause I live in a natural dish in a rural area. For a more hostile rf environment their use probably will be necessary. The Microcomm LO is exceptionally clean, so I got away without one between it and the multiplier diode. If for some reason this local- oscillator module is not available in the future, you should be able to construct one from N6TX's article-* or build your own. W6KT built a simple oscillator chain for 259 MHz and multiplied by six by replacing the multi- plier diode with an MRF901 .
I monitor the multiplier- diode current of the .MA4882 with a O-IS-mA meter Nominal current is between 4 to 7 mA. The col- lector current of the MRF901 also is monitored with a 0-TO-mA meter. By varying the bias pot, a satis- factory operating point would be from 900 micro- amps to about 2 mA, with some mixer noise becoming evident above this figure. The current was brought up to 7 mA without a tendency to oscillate, but the noise was objectionable and the gain started downhill.
Finally, NOAA, unlike the private sector of the satellite business, wel- comes the use of their ser- vice by amateurs. Bob Popham,^ the coordinator for the NOAA satellite ser- vice, has attended the weather satellite sym- posiums at Dayton for the last several years as one of the principal speakers.
The weather pictures for this article were produced on a facsimile device de- scribed in my previous arti- cles. ^'^
1 think I'll get out my PC board and try for some con- verters for 1 296 and 2304 ■
References
1. Ralph Taggan WBSDQT. '^Be a Weather Genius — Eavesdrop on GOES/* 73 Magazine, November 1978.
New Improved Adhesive Mount for the 2 Meter Avanti Mobile Antenna.
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2. Mike Chrlstieson G8FCD, ^'A METEOSAT Earth Station," Wifeless World, June and July, 1979.
3. Larkin Crutcher WA6W0W, "An Active Mixer for 1298;' QST\ August, 1974,
4. Paul Schuch N6TX, "A UHF Oscillator for the Purist/' Ham Radio, July, 1979.
5. U.S. Department of Com-
merce, NOAA. NESS. Washing- ton DC 20233, Attn: Popham OA/S131.
6. Eugene Ruperto W3KH, ^'Weather Satellite Pik Printers," 73 Magazine, January, 1978.
7. Eugene Ruperto W3KH, "A Satellite Receiver for the Home/" Scientific Anrerfcan, "The Amateur Scientist/' January, 1974.
Photo C. From left to right: the oscillator, active mixer, and preamp.
■73 Magazine • December, 1980 109
hnoldA. Swank W8HXR 657 Wilfabar Drive Washington Court House OH 43160
The Amazing Bobtail . . .Our Readers Respond
more ideas for using and modifying this
easy-to-build antenna
The first week after the Bobtail article was pub- lished (May, 1980, 73 Maga- zine^ page 44), four hams wrote me that they had built the antenna and agreed with my evaluation,
The first was Jim Gray W1XU, who tried the idea which I had failed to try completely — feeding it with coax at a high-current point. He said it worked perfectly.
He used 984/f, the normal quad formula, and had 34.44 feet for the separa- tion of the top sections be- tween verticals and 17.22 for the verticals. It was 1:1 at 14,250 MHz and 2:1 at 14.000. He planned to lengthen it a couple of inch- es.
He worked EI2EC with a barefoot TS-820S. He then called "CQ Pacific" and landed VK1DH.
He wrote, in part ''Now let the guys know that the antenna can be fed with coax — with low swr, too„ It saves wear and tear on tun- ers and tuning. I like it, and
so does the DX/' More later on the feedpoint.
Ron Chiappari N6AUV put the antenna up with three elements on 40 me- ters and fed it at the top with coax; he phoned me from California to tell me about it. He said it tuned up easily and was 1 :1 at the de- sign frequency.
Merl W9ZSI built the an- tenna with voltage feed and wrote me that it was a great antenna. I then told him to try current feed, and he said it tuned up perfectly 1:1 at 14.250 MHz, He is now go- ing to put up another com- plete Bobtail and phase the pair with quarter-wave spacing, driving both anten- nas.
Bill WaVFB in Elyria, Ohio, wrote to say that he was feeding the center ele- ment voltage-fed with open-wire iadder line on 80/20/15/10 and then tied the two feeders together for a Bobtail on 40.
Dave W7TO wrote me that he had talked one evening to Bob K8FN in
Troy, Ohio, who had the strongest signal from the east one night while run- ning only 25 Watts. Of course I wrote Bob, and he said his Bobtail was sus- pended from three towers, and he had hung old tires at the bottom of the vertical wires so that he could mow under them. How about that?
t also received a letter from "judge" Ganzer K7SCO who has written books on antennas. He said he calls this type of current top-fed antennas "black- top antennas" because they do not have to use buried radials in the ground.
You may have guessed — there are no grounds on the top-fed antennas. The cen- ter of the coax goes to the top of the vertical in the center, or at one end (as 1 do), and the shield goes to the flat-top horizontal sec- tion.
I received a surprising number of letters from peo- ple merely telling me that they had used the antenna
and that I was right about \t All agreed that it was a quiet antenna, and some wondered why. Verticals are not usually quiet.
It is a long-range antenna and is at its best when the path exceeds 2500 miles.
This is important— when you feed it, connect the center of the coax to the vertical. I first thought I would run the coax up the center of the quarter-wave tubing and feed the top sec- tion, with the shield going to the vertical as in the case of the balun. This might work, but it would change the phasing. The three verti- cals are in phase because the two top sections are cancelled out when center- fed.
1 am using mine with the coax to the top of the end vertical because it is more convenient. I believe that the pattern is skewed toward the west (driven) vertical and that this meth- od is related to a full-wave longwire, I get strong re- ports from both the SW Pa-
110 73 Magazine • December, 1980
cific area and the NE Euro pean area. This happens to suit me fine. 1 think my pat- tern is a four-leaf-clover pattern with the accent on the western lobes, but I can- not prove this by driving around locally with a field- strength meter for a pattern measurement
Most of the hams who wrote to me used the usual formula and made the top sections 33' long and the verticals 16' b'\ I used 34' at the top for each section, as Jim Cray did, and tried the verticals at 17' 3", but I had to cut the verticals back to 16' b'' to get the swr to 1:1. In the usual manner of phased verticals, I believe that the length of the top sections is uncritical, as in the spacing of phased verti- cals. It affects the pattern but not the resonance. The antenna is tuned to reso- nance with the vertical radi- ators.
Now you know the rest of the story No grounds; top- fed with coax; tune the ver* tical sections. However, Ron N6AUV said that no verticals worked well at his location in California be- cause of poor grounds 1 told him to try a method which I advised a friend in Connecticut to use one time: Lay a roll of fence wire under the antenna. He used chicken wire and it worked beautifully. No connection to the antennas — just a reflecting surface. You can buy green vinyl- covered fence wire now and lay it on the grass. It blends with the grass and you can mow over it
I noticed one thing — most of the letters were from very experienced hams, not newcomers. I hope some new people will try it and let me know, now that voltage feed is not nec- essary, ■
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i^ Reader Service— $ee page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 111
Single-Tone Paging for Wilson HTs
— simple circuit should work with many rigs
Fred Siudenbvrg W4BF 1305 f Norhik Tampa Ft 3J604
The small size of the new generation of two- meter HTs permits them to be carried almost any- where, giving instant com- munications capability ei- ther direct or through re- peaters. In my specific ap- lication, my wife and I use Wilsori MK lis to keep in touch on an unused simplex frequency, and the channel can be monitored constant- ly for any calls to each
other. Sometimes we are too far apart for reliable simplex communications, however, and must switch over to one of the local re- peaters. Naturally, the wide-coverage repeaters are fairly busy, and moni- tormg all the repeater activ- ity for a specific call is very distracting, especially in a business meeting or restau- rant What we each needed was a way to be alerted to an incoming call without constant attention to the HT,
Selective Calling
Commercial users solved
•Tl-O -t
-^ >
SOUELCH tONTHOL
Rjt AUOtO IN yPi^
TX AUDIO OyT vM
4iHOUfff>
SQUEUCH ^^*
tC57/R4ftJ ^
Fig. 1. Single-tone encoder-decoder for the Wilson h4K 11/
tv.
this problem many years ago by the use of selective calling Selective calling permits a receiver to moni- tor a frequency for calls and unsquelch only when specifically addressed Thus, a user can go about his business without any conscious attention to the receiver and yet imme- diately be alerted to any in- coming call The most com* mon form of selective call- ing used in commercial pag- ing applications is some form of two-tone sequential encoding-decoding. This is accomplished by transmit- ting an rf carrier which is modulated by a series of two audio tones. Each pag- ing recipient carries a re- ceiver that responds to a particular sequence of dif- ferent audio tones. The re- ceiver remains muted until the proper tones are re- ceived, after which an au- dible alert tone is pro- duced. In the case of a tone- only page, this alert tone is a signal for the paged per- son to perform some pre- arranged action, such as calling a telephone number or reportmg to a specific lo- cation. For a tone and voice page, the alerting tone is followed by a voice mes- sage. The decoders in the receiver are immune to
false alarms by virtue of the sequencing requirement, decoder bandwidth, and slow response time Typi- cally, over 100 different codes are available on any given frequency.
Adding a suitable high- performance sequential tone decoder to an already crowded HT is not easy, un- fortunately, and the prob- lem is further complicated by the need for a compat- ible encoder when the sig- naling of another unit in the network is required*
Single-Tone Paging
For many amateur ap- plications, large numbers of different signaling codes on any given channel are not required and a simpler form of selective calling can be used. Encoding and decod- ing a single audio tone can be implemented with a minimum amount of cir- cuitry and can provide very effective results if certain precautions are taken. As in the case of sequential tone decoding, the response time of the decoder must be slow so that voice or other momentary in-band signals do not trigger the squelch Additionally, the frequency separation of the different tone frequencies must be compatible with
112 73 Magazine • December, 1980
low-cost decoders. Close frequency spacings allow more indivtdual codes, but
require tighter bandwidth control in the decoder and encoder, complicating the design and increasing the sue and cost.
White researching this problem, I noticed that the eight frequencies used in touchtone^^ signaling (as- suming 16 digits} use 10% frequency spacing for each of the 4 high-group and 4 low-group tones. Using this as a starting point, the group of tones shown in Table 1 was developed. Note that all the fre- quencies have a 10% offset from each adjacent fre- quency, except for the 1075-Hz tone. This was ar- bitrarily chosen to be mid- way from the 941 -Hz and 1209-Hz touchtone fre- quencies. Eighteen dif- ferent audio tones within the normal voice band per- mit up to 18 different pag- ing networks to operate on any given channel By using tones in the voice band, as opposed to subaudible tones, repeaters may be used as the paging transmit- ter since the originating tone can be transmitted by any station capable of ac- cessing the repeater. Of course, the system will also work on simplex channels.
There is no advantage in using the 8 touchtone fre^ quencies in this plan, since in normal autopatch use any specific tone is usually transmitted for less than 1 second, and a 3-second re- sponse time on the single- tone decoder allows it to ef- fectively ignore the single tone associated with the dual-tone touchtone signal. Actually, there is some ad- vantage to using touchtone frequencies in this tone plan since any of the 8 users of these frequencies can be paged by anyone equipped with a touchtone HT or by use of a touchtone phone on a reverse autopatch. Re- peater groups might want
to assign these tones to key indrviduals in the organiza- tion such as members of the engineering committee or
emergency coordinators.
Tone Coordination
In order for this tone plan to be successful, some form of tone coordination on any given channel is necessary. Since most repeaters are operated by well-organized groups, the 18 available tones can be assigned and their use administered in any manner that suits the group. The main considera- tion is to avoid duplication of tones so that users of the service are not bothered by unwanted pages.
Circuit Design
I have had excellent results using the single tone encoder-decoder shown in Fig 1. The circuit uses an NE567 tone-decoder chip to detect one of the 18 dif- ferent tones. The filter bandwidth is compatible with the 10% tone separa- tion, and the operating fre- quency can be set to any of the 18 tones by the adjust- ment of R4. In addition, the circuit also generates the exact frequency which it decodes, permitting the en- coder to alert any other receiver in the same net- work The circuit is inserv sitive to voltage variations from 7.5 to 16 volts and varies less than 1 % in fre- quency over ihe — 10°4o- 60°C temperature range.
Operation and Circuit Description
As installed in my Wilson MK II, the decoder is activated whenever the squelch control is switched to the Tone position. This tone feature was intended by Wilson to activate a sub- audible tone squelch, but it works fine for this applica- tion With the squelch con- trol in this position, the nor- mal carrier squelch is dis- abled, but the receiver re- mains squelched by the sat-
Fig. 2. full-size layout of PCS for the single-tone encoder- decodef.
•*t *a •a
f I
T
ST
iJi
-^\-
f^f>
-7I
«»
Fig. 3. Component iayout
urated output from Q2 in the decoder, Whenever a signal appears on frequen- cy modulated by the cor- rect tone, the output of U1 goes low. After about 3 seconds, as determined by C6 and R6, the collector of Q2 goes high and the MK II unsquelches. Once un- squelched, the activating tone is heard in the speaker indicating a page The receiver squelches as soon as the rf input or tone is re- moved. Once the alert tone is heard, the squelch con- trol is rotated to the normal carrier squelch position and the frequency monitored for information from the paging station, and two- way contact can be carried out if desired. If paging of
|
Tone Channel |
Frequency |
|
1 |
515 |
|
2 |
570 |
|
' 3 |
630 |
|
4 |
697 \ |
|
5 |
770 ( |
|
6 |
952 I |
|
7 |
941 / |
|
8 |
1075 |
|
9 |
1209 ^ |
|
10 |
1336 ( |
|
11 |
1447 I |
|
12 |
1633/ |
|
13 |
1805 |
|
14 |
1995 |
|
15 |
2205 |
|
16 |
2437 |
|
17 |
2694 |
|
18 |
2977 |
another station in the same tone network is desired, one first checks for a clear chan- nel, identifies, and then transmits a 5-second tone by switching back to the Tone position while keying the MK II. The 5-second tone transmission allows about 2 seconds of the tone to be heard in the paged receiver.
Construction
The entire encoder- decoder fits on one single- sided PCB. A full-size layout of the board is shown in Fig. 2 and the parts list is shown in Table 2. All the parts are available from advertisers in 73 or most Radio Shack stores. I've also made arrangements for
Low-groop touchtone
High-group touctitone
Table h
73 Magazme • DecemUef* 1980 tl3
ORBIT is the Official Journal for the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT), P.O. Box 27, Washington, DC 20047. Please write for application.
For a FREE SAMPLE COPY please send S1 to cover First Class Postage and handling to: Orbit, 221 Long Swamp Road, Wolcott CT 06716,
the PCB alone, or a com-
ptete kit, to be made available from a source listed in the parts list. Men- tion the ST Encoder- Decoder when ordering.
All the parts are mounted as shown in Fig. 3. Note that the resistors are mounted vertically to save space. If yourMK U orMK IV has the Hi-Lo power switch, it will be necessary to notch out the rear corner of \hi* PCB to provide clearance The solid copper area bordering the board name provides the proper guidelines for this operation. Six #26 stranded wires about 7" long are connected to the unit for testing and even- tual connection to the MK II orMK IV PCB,
Testing
To avoid any extra trou- ble, I recommend testing the encoder-decoder exter- nally and then connecting it to the MK II or MK IV.
Referring again to Fig. 1, connect +12 volts to PI and ground to P5. Connect a frequency counter to P4 and adjust R4 for the de- sired tone frequency. Then apply a 100-mV rms audio signal at the desired tone frequency to P3, Before the tone is applied, the base of Q2 should be at .7 volts. This should drop to 0 volts about 3 seconds after the tone is applied. Verify that the on/off switch works by grounding P2. The transmit output signal at P4 should disappear, and the base of Q2 will go to 0 volts. Once the board has been tested, insulate the entire bottom of the PCB with electrical or vinyl tape to prevent shorts when it is installed in the MK II orMK IV.
Installation
The first step is to remove the top and bottom covers from the MK It or MK IV to gain access to the
switch contacts on the squelch control. Run a jumper from one of the switch contacts to the ground plane on the main PCB of the MK 11 or MK IV. Next, connect the wire from P2 to the other switch con- tact. Note that this wire must be routed from the backside of the PCB to the switch contact on the squelch control The con nections of each of the leads from the encoder- decoder to the MK II is shown in Fig. 1. In each case, the reference desig- nator shown on the sche- matic beside each lead number refers to the cor^ nection point on the MK IL These points are best located by referring to the circuit board overlay on page 18 of the Operating and Service Manual for the MK l!/MK IV.
The encoder-decoder is secured inside the radio by pressure from the top cover. Now, carefully reinstall the top and bot- tom covers and check for proper operation. If you have a deviation meter, check for about 3"kHz tone deviation. This is more than adequate since the decoder will function with devia- tions from transmitters as low as 1.5 kHz. Have some- one transmit a signal with the correct tone frequency and check for proper re- ceiver operation. The re- ceiver should unsquelch about 2.5 seconds after the
tone is transmitted.
How Does It Perform?
I can monitor a busy repeater all day and never once hear the squelch break, yet as soon as I am paged, the paging tone comes through loud and clear. I've had the oppor- tunity to try the page feature through a number of different repealers and it has never failed to work. When readable signals are present, the encoder-de- coder works every time.
Incidentally, when switched On, the encoder- decoder adds about 6 mA of additional current drain. This is of no consequence since the average drain in the Tone position is much less than in normal squelch because battery life is directly proportional to the amount of audio coming from the speaker. With the decoder turned on^ nothing is ever heard except the desired paging tone.
Use of Encoder-Decoder in Other Equipment
I haven't had the chance to investigate the use of the encoder-decoder in other equipment, but aside from physical constraints, the unit should work with most negative-ground solid state equipment. ! will be glad to answer any specific ques- tions on interfacing it with your rig if you include a copy of the schematic and an SASE,B
R1,R5, R3
R2
R4
R6, n?
C1,C7
C2, C3
C4
C5
C6
01
D2
U1
Q1.Q2
Parts List 22k, V4 W 470, V4 W 25k Pot 180k, V4 W 10 ^F. 16 V 0*01 ceramic 0-1 mylar™
1 |jF, 35 V 2.2 jnF. 35 V 1N414e
1N750A NE567N
Radio Shack 271-336
Radio Shack 272-1411
Radio Shack 272-1053 Radio Shack 27M 406 Radio Shack 272-1407
2N2222
A complete parts kit, including drilled and plated PCB, is available from Coggin Mfg.. P.O. Box 44, Cedar Rapids I A 52404, S 15.95 (postpaid). The PCB alone is $3.50 postpaid.
Table Z
114 73 Magazine • December. 1980
Have you ever w^ondered
why the best ham bargains are advertised in 73?
You 11 find a wider selection of ham bargains , . ,and lower prices in 73, because 73^s readers buy far more than readers of other ham magazines.
THE LEADING EDGE
That shouldn't come as a surprise to you . . . For twenty years we've been publishing more construction projects and
articles than any other ham magazine, so it is natural for the active hams to read 73. . . and buv from the ads.
The readers of 73 catch the leading edge, through side- band in the early 60's, then solid state in the mid-60's, FM and repeaters in the early 70's, . , SSTV, ATV, RTTi' and all other special modes have received more coverage in 73 than all other ham magazines combined,
NEXT YEAR WE'LL BE PUSHLNG • . .
In the next year or so, we'll be pushing for amateur experimentation and pioneering with new modes of com- munications, via computer, automatic identification, satellite, \^ideband techniques^ synchronous detectors, time slicing. Never before was a point in time so esciting to contemplate, and with 73 you can keep up with the new ideas and changes.
We'll also be pushing for increased pressure on the FCC for better and more responsive rules, for a return to a na- tional growth and for amateur radio development in as many of the emerging nations as possible.
Wayne Green
ALL OF THIS IS MADE POSSIBLE BY YOU
All of this is made possible by you reading 73 and getting your friends and club members to subscribe to 73. I admit that we're not really pushing the radio relay of messages, since that is more geared to the 1920's than the 1980*s and is more likely than other activities to cause troubles with foreign governments nervous about potential lost telephone revenues. We're looking toward the 1990*s, with over one million hams in our countr>' using state of the art com- munications techniques to keep in touch with hams worldwide.
YEAR 2000?
What will amateur radio be like in the year 2000? We can't really even imagine, except that we know it will be different from 1980. . probably as different as amateur radio is todav from what it was in I960, when FM and repeaters were all but unknowTi, and AM was still going strong on our phone bands. A frecjuency synthesizer re* quired over a hundred tubes and radioteletype circuits were larger than the printers. You can be sure that 73 will be in the vanguard of the developments to come . , , repor- ting on them and giving you the information so you can participate.
a Bill me for one year of 73 at $25,00
n New Subscription D Renewal
Name
Address City
State
Zip.
Canadian $27.00/1 year only, US funds Foreign $35.00/1 year only, US funds
Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery. 73 Magazine* PO Box 931 • Farmingdale NY 11737
3eoe6
73 Magazine • December, 1980 115
WILSON SYSTEMS, INC.
CHRISTMAS SPECIAL SALE systemsb
CALL
FACTORY DIRECT
1 -800-634-6898
REGULAR PRICE •219«
SALE PRICE
A trap baded antenna that performs fike a mono- banderi Thaf s the characteristic of this six element three band beam. Through the use of wide spacing and interlacing of elements, the following is possi- ble: three active eiements on 20, three active ele- ments on 15, and four active elements on 1 0 meters. No need to run separate coax feed lines for each band, as the bandswitching is aulomaiicaily made via the HiglvQ Wilson traps. Designed to handle the maximum legal power, the traps are capped at each end to provide a weather-proof seal against rain and dust. The special High-Q traps are the strongesi available in the industry today.
cw.
lvl>
SWR CURVES
■ * #■+ ■■
14 WTIH
:=3:
L^l
^
t] !■! Mi m
4»m*
MM
II
ta. l_
Xz
rt-^
i
^^^-^
SPECIFICATIONS
Band MH2 , 14^21-2a
MaKimum power input Le§al Lirnit
Gain (dbd]i. .,, ^ «.**»,«,......... . 9 db
VSWR & rnonafice ..,,,...,.,.« 1^1
hnpedonca ,,,*,, + ... SOotwn
fiB Bsk?. .,..,, 20 db or Betu^
Boom tO.D « LeogtW
*-««*■*» 'I
Jl*
«1
t»
mt
ni
n*
^ It
14
^
-^^r^:
',&_
«M >*t H4 UJ
mm
Turning flmlNA ■ Manmum Man DiHTWtst Sitffacft Arsa - .,.,_* « ^ . ,
3*iZ4'2T4'
H«
Ml
MsicnnQ MBtfuil , - r . - BM^
WmdLoading # 86 mp^ 21^ ibs.
Mtawmum Wind Sufvivil 1^00 rnp*i
F««HJ MeLhod . B«kin (Suppfied)
As&emblBd Weighi j^pproii-} ^ . *. , 53 lbs. Shipping Weight Eapprox. J ....... 62 lbs.
Compare the SY-36 & SY-33 with others
^
BRAND CC
Compare the size and strength of the boom
to element clamps. See who offers the largest
and heaviest duty. Which would you prefer?
SP'
:0\
CALL
FACTORY DIRECT 1 -800-634-6898
J
BRAND HG
-WILSON SYSTEMS
Wilson Systems traps offer a larger diameter
^p coil and a larger outside hausing,
gfving excellent Q and power capabilities.
EHBn WILSON
^U^^mM SYSTEMS JNC.
4286 S. Polaris Ave., Las Vegas, Nevada 891 03
Prices and specif icatiorts subject to chArige without notics.
WILSON SYSTEMS INC.
REGULAR PRICE •104'
Capable of handling the Legal Limit, the SYSTEM 33 is the finest compact tri- bander available to the amateur.
Designed and produced by one of the world's largest antenna manufacturers, the traditional quality of workmanship and materials excels with the SYSTEM 3i
The boom-to^iement mount consists of two MB" thick formed aluminum plates that wifl provide mofe cfamping and holding strength to prevent element misalignment
Superior clamping power ts obtained with the use of a rugged 1/4" thick aluminum plate for boom to mast mounting.
The use of large diameter High-Q Traps in the SYSTEM 33 makes it a high performing tri-bander and at a very economicaf price.
A complete step-by-step illustrated in- struction manual guides you to easy assembly and the tightweight antenna makes installation of the SYSTEM 33 quick and simple.
SPECIRCATIONS
Band MHz, .,,,
Mdx. power input . . , Cain {dbdf . . *
VSWR at resonance. Impedance ,
, 14-21 28
Legal limit o
■ ■ ii t ■ ■ ^ ^^
1 21
■ ■II" * ' ^ ' T
, 50 ohms . up to 20
CW
Boom (0,D. X length}2" x 14'4" No. elements ............ 3
Longest element 27'4"
Turning radius 15'9"
MaK. mast diameter. ,2" O.D* Surface area .5.7 sq. ft.
ACTUAL SWR CURVES
Wind to3d @ 80 mph . . 1T4ibs
Assembled Wi. 37 lbs
Shipping Wt _ 42 lbs
Direct 52 ohm feed
no balun required Max wind survival . , , 100 mph
ItHfTtRt
l»MTf«
:=?:
-• ■ T I
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^
Li 8 ..I . ■ ■■ II _yJ^ i
■ "Hr ■ f * i^ ^^"^ I 1
tM M-f mt Jftfr «u
40- T _J^^\ ** I^TT
rti
h*»
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Ntl
Ml
The SY33
c
WITH OTHERS'-
BRANP CC
eRAMD I4&
SYSTEMS
Compare the size and strength of the boom
to element damps. See who offers the largest
and heaviest duty. Which would you prefer?
Wilson Systems traps offer a larger diameter
trap coil and a larger outside housing,
giving excellent Q and power capabiHties.
hegular price
SALE PRICE
iCQ05
ADD 40 METERS TO YOUR TRhBAND
WITH THE 23S MK
- IN STOCK - *59'
Now you can have the capabilities of 40-meter operation on the SYSTEM 36
and SYSTEM 33. Using the same type high quality traps, the 40-meter addition will offer 150 KHZ of bandwidth. The 33-6 MK will fit your present SY36, SY33, or SY3 and use the same single feed line,
The 33-6 MK adds approximatefy 15' to the driven element of your tri-bander, in- creasing the tuning radius by 5 to 6 feet. This addition will offer a rotatable dipole at the same height of your beam.
W S I
WILSON
SYSTEMS. INC.
Pricn and apfctfficflt j wv fubjoct to €hm<m wrthoat not let.
Prices Effective 1M-80 Chni 12-31-80
For Christmas Special
Sale — Call
FACTORY DIRECT
1 -800-634-6898
r
REGULAR PRICE ♦65"
SALE PRICE
4 BAND TRAP VERTICAL (to -40 METERS)
No bandswitchlng necessary with this vertical. An excellent low cost OX antenna with an efectricai quarter wavelength on each band and tow angle radiation. Advanced design provides low SWR and exctptionally flat response across the fuM wjdth of each band.
Featured is the Wilson large diameter High-Q traps which will maintain resonant points with varying temperatures and humiditv.
Easily assembled, the WVtA is supplied wrth a base mount bracket j to attach to vent pipe or to a mast driven in the ground,
VOTE;
are requiTed
for peak operation or
above ground rT>oyntjng.
{SeeGR 1 belowl
SPECIFICATIONS
19' total height
Self supporting — no guys
required
Weight — 14 lbs.
Input jmpedance 50 fi
Power handling capabilitv:
LegaJ Limit
Two Hkgh Q traps with large
diameter coils
Low angle radiation
Omnidirectional
perforrrrance
Taper swaged alummum
tubing
Automatic bandswttching
Mas I bracket furnished
SWR: 1:1:1 or tess on all
bands
GR-l
GROUND RADIAL KIT
REGULAR PRICE •I4M
SALE PRICE
♦12
The GR-1 is the complete ground radial kit for the WV 1 A. It consists of 1 50 ' of 7/14 alumi- num wire, heavy duty egg in- sulators and mstructions. The GR-1 will increase the efficiency of the WV-1 by providing the correct counterpoise.
WILSON SYSTEMS TOWERS
- FACTORY CHRISTMAS SALE -
REGULAR PRICE
•1104"
SALE PRICE
*994
ST-77B Features:
Max. Height; 77' Mir*. Height: 24 ' Weights 700 lbs. Wmch: 1500 lbs. Cable: 6400 lbs. Requires RB-77B &
wiN b6 totally
freestanding
tor
REGULAR PRICE
SALE PRICE
B'
16^
*" 0,0.
^
II I I
*-=^
♦579
MT 61 B Featyres:
Max. Height: 61' Min. Height: 23^ Weight; 450 lbs. Winch: 1200 lbs. Cable: 4200 lbs.
No Guys required when mounting against house.
For completely freestanding in- staflation^ use RB-618 or
r
10'
3.J O.P.
IS"
4.t Q.Q.
6" O.D.
20
J^^^
»'
F8-61B below, r|
I
REGULAR PRICE
•395"
SALE PRICE
*349'"
TT^SB Features:
Wfax Height: 45' MIn. Height: 22' Weight: 250 lbs. Winch: 1200 lbs. Cable: 4200 lbs.
No Guys required when mounting against eve of house.
For compfet^ly freestanding installation, use ^''■ RB-45B or FB^BB befow.
'—2' CD.
ir
3.S 0 0
4a'0.D
to
-^. TT-- ft'
20^
tif
A
NEWI Wilfton Electric Winch
Now you can raise and lower your Wflson Tower
electrically. The electric winch will replace
the hand operated vvlnch. Available for
^m-^ ijse on the TT45, MT^I and ST-77
I
X^/i
|
WIND LOADING Tower Height Sq. Ft. |
|||
|
ST-77B |
*9 |
10 1 |
Square |
|
77 |
to |
Footage Based on SOMPH Wind |
|
|
MT61B |
^ |
ie |
|
|
r 61 |
u |
||
|
TT-45B |
3? |
IS |
|
|
45 |
^^ |
EW^5 nr^si
BW-61 (MT-61) EW'77 (ST 77)
•249**
. . ♦24**
|
BASECIiART |
||
|
TOWIft |
WIDTH J |
OiPtH |
|
TT^SB |
12*x 12' |
30" |
|
FB-46B |
30" X 30" |
4%' |
|
RB4SB |
30 "^ jc 30" |
4!4' |
|
MT-61 B |
18'j(ia* |
4' |
|
Fa-61B 1 |
3'jc3^ |
5>4' |
|
RB^IQ |
3' k3' |
SH' |
|
ST-77a |
Ses Below |
|
|
RB-77B |
3^' k3^^' |
6' |
Remote Switch . .
Wtlson Systems uses a high strength carbon steel tube manufactured especially for Wilson Systems, It is 25% stronger than oDnventEonat pipe or tubing. The tubing size used is: 2" & 3 J^ "-.095; 4%"& 6 "-.125; 8" - 134, All tubing is hot dip galvanized. Top section is 2" 0,D. for proper rotor and antenna mounting.
The TT'45B and MT-61 B come complete with house bracket and hmged base plate for against-house mount- fng. For totally freestanding installation, use either of the tilt-over bases sliown below.
The ST-77B cannot be mounted agatnstthe howse and must be used whh the rotating tilt-over base RB-77B shown below.
TILT-OVER BASES FOR TOWERS
FIXED BASE
The FB Series was designed to provide an economical method of moving the tower away frorn the house. It will support the tower in a completely free-standing vertical position, while also having the capabihties of titting the tower over to provide an easy access to the antenna. The rotor mounts at the top of the tower in the con- ventional manner, and will not ro- tate the complete tower.
FB-45B...112 lbs...*169*" FB-61B...ie9 lbs...*244<"
CHRISTMAS SPECIAL SALE
Call Factory Direct
1 -800-634-6898
ROTATING BASE
The RB Series was designed for the Amateur who wants the add- ed converiience of being able to work on the rotor from the ground position. This series of bases will give that ease plus ro- tate the complete tower and an- tenna system by the use of a heavy duty thrust bearing at the base of the tower mounting posi- tion, while still being ^b\^ to tilt the tower over when desiring to make changes on the antenna system.
RB 45B...144 lbs...*234^" RB-61B...229 lbs...*309^" RB-77B...300 Ibs.-.MftS'''
Order the CHRISTMAS SPECIAL I
Prices Effective 1 M -80 thf u 1 2-31-80
\i
Tilting thf^ tower over is a one-man task with the Wil- son bases, (Shown above is the RB61B. Rotor is not included.)
W S I
WILSON
SYSTEMS. INC.
428« S. PolarisAve. • Las Vegas. Nevada 99103
WILSON SYSTEMS, INC. PRESENTS
CHRISTMAS SPECIAL THE SYSTEM 40 TRIBANDER
3 MONOBAND ANTENNAS IN ONE - EACH WITH FULL MONOBAND PERFORMANCE
REGULAR PRICE
•374«
CHRISTMAS SPECIAL
♦as?*"
I
• FOR THE SERIOUS OXer WHO WANTS MONOBAfv^DERS ON 10-15.30
• FOUR FULL SIZE 20 MTR ELEMENTS WITH 10 dbd GAIN AND 25 db F B
• FOUR WIDE SPACED 15 MTR ELEMENTS WITH 10 dbd GAIN AND 20 db F.^a
• FIVE WIDE SPACED 10 MTR ELEMENTS WfTH 1 T.5 dbd GA*N AND 20 db F/B
• ONLY OI^E FEED LINE REQUIRED
• HEAVY DUTY BALUN INCLUDED
• DESIGNED WITH NO If^TERACTlONS BFTWEEN ELEMENTS
• ALL DRIVEN AND DIRECTOR ELEMENTS ARE INSULATED FROM BOOM
• SAME QUALfTY HARDWARE AS USfO IN ALL WILSON ANTENNAS
-SPEOFICATtOm-
mt .1 r n; Mi .tt Jti Mi At jai iti m
Msh. Pwr, Input Legal tmit
VSWR^ nm .,.. 1.2:1
ImpedancB ,..,.,,», ^ ,*,»»,,, + * 60 ohm
Feed Method Batun Supplied
Mntchlng Mtthod ,.,.,,,.. Modified Beta
F/B FlBtkJ Ses AbhOvB
Gain H - . 1. . ^ - = - = S«e Above
Longftst Elamerrt* 36 '
TufnifiQ Ridiut , 22 '6 '
Soofflii * . . ir^ * » 1 1 ■ V . , , 26
Sijrfact Arsa . * » , 12.1 iq. ft.
WJmJ Loading @ flO mph ....,,.. 309 tb4.
Asaem. W«^tJhl . . , , , . 7S fba.
Shipping Weigh! . , „ , . 9S lbs.
|
1 |
||||
|
r |
||||
|
»^ |
^ |
|||
|
hi: |
"^'^.Hw, |
.^ |
||
|
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1 WILSON SYSTEMS. INC. - 4286 S. Polaris FACTORY DIRECT ORDER BLANK Tdl-Fr«0.<tof Number 1 , u»v.,« NV8,io3 ,702,7^7«, CHRISTMAS SPECIAL SALE 1-800-634-6898 i |
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Price 1 |
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SY40 |
10 El* Tubajidfir far 10, IS, 20 Mov |
UPS |
337 95 |
RMt |
Refnone SwiTch for EW |
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Hot^ir^ Basa Um MT-CIB wn«t ow lBatiir« |
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Guying Kit fear GT4« |
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ACCESSORIES |
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Gyying Kit for MT41 B |
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Alliance Kftavy Duty Rotor |
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On Coffxl^f and Rawr Cable, minimum order is fOO ' and 50 ' multiphs. Prices sr*d spBCfflc&mns sub/ecr to change without notice. Nffwty iSCy O^y Umitsd Wafrafity— Shipping f^or Included In Above |
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1 ^ |
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It |
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IB
William L Thomas WB9KPT 3483 Bay berry Drive Nonhbrook ii 60062
Teletext and Viewdata:
Are You Ready for the
Information Boom?
coming soon to a living room near you
video data services
Specially equipped TV receivers are now avail- abfe to provide us with cur- rent weather, sports, news headlines, tonight's televi- sion shows, local events of interest, and many other in- teresting bits and pieces of infornnation. The magic word in this scenario is in- formation. Alnrrost anything of general interest, can be formatted and sent to your home by the systems to be described in this article.
In England, a set-top adapter currently available for this service is priced at $250. The cost of the LSI in- tegrated circuits that will form the heart of these adapters is less than $50. I feel that there is the possi- bility of adapting this hard- ware, which will be pro- duced in large volume for consumers, for use on the ham bands.
Teletext is a generic term for television-based sys-
Photo A. Typical teleteKt hardware. Left to right: Mallard module, remote control, and Texas Instruments module.
120 73 Magazine • December, 1980
terns broadcasting pages of information along with the normal TV signal. This in- formation is digitally en- coded and sent during the vertical- retrace interval when the scan of your TV receiver is off screen. What the viewer sees on the screen of his teletext TV is a page of characters, 40 in a row, 20 to 24 rows, 800 to %0 characters per page. These characters can be presented in eight colors, including colored back- grounds. Included in the character set are all the let- ters of the alphabet (both uppercase and lowercase), numbers, punctuation marks, special symbols, and graphics. The graphics can be as simple as 64 special graphic symbols, called mosaic graphics, or higher density if one is willing to pay the price.
Each page is identified by a page number and typi- cally will be displayed on the screen in less than a minute after the desired number is entered via the keypad. Several hundred pages can be transmitted in less than a minute in a serial fashion, one page after an-
other. The teletext adapter grabs the appropriate page as it comes by and immedi- ately displays the selected page on the screen. Index pages are provided to help the consumer determine pages of interest
Where does all this infor- mation come from and why does the broadcaster want to transmit it to your home? One way to answer this question is to consider tele- text as a new publishing me- dium. As advertising sup- ports most mass-market publishing efforts, so would it play in this one. As an in- teresting example, the news headlines could be brought to you by your local paper in an effort to sell you to- day's edition containing more details on the stories. It is expected that most pages broadcast by com- mercial TV stations would include such advertising.
On the public TV sta- tions, information would be financed by the same sources that contribute to their normal program funds. Obviously, most ma- jor corporations and many government agencies have
much material that would be sujtabfe for this system of distributing information. Many data bases already exist and are being made available to hobbyists with home computers via dial- up telephone networks. Much of this information is directly presentable on teletext systems. There seems to be no lack of available material, and there are many organiza- tions willing to finance its presentation.
Now that we have the in- formation, how does it get from the source to your home? To begin with, the desired page is composed within the display format specification previously highlighted If this compos- ing is not done directly in the broadcaster's studio, it probably will be sent to him either over the telephone line or in the form of a digi- tal cassette or floppy disk (i.e., in computer-compati-
bie form). At the station, this data is loaded into a piece of apparatus which encodes it into a digital serial data signal. This sig* nal is appropriately filtered (band limited] and inserted in unused scan lines during the vertical retrace portion of the current video signal being broadcast. A decod- ing apparatus connected to your TV will accept this special signal and when the requested page is being transmitted, wilt grab it and load it into a television dis- play memory. The pages are transmitted row by row, one page after another, and then the whole sequence is repeated. Hence, if the page you requested had just been sent, you will have to wait while all the other pages are sent— until the sequence cycles back to your page.
Since the television broadcast system deals with analog and not digital
photo B. Prestel page. Both teteteKt and viewdata pages will look like this.
signals, special precautions have to be taken with both the broadcast and recep- tion equipment. The digital signal leaving the studio en- counters many places where distortion can occur. Some of these are in the studro-to- transmitter link, the trans-
mitter, in reflections caused
by large objects, in your TV antenna and lead-in, and in the television receiver and decoder input circuitry. All these effects are being con- sidered by the organiza- tions trying to propose stan- dards in this country.
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 121
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Teletext: Current Systems Being (Proposed for North American Use
At the present time, there is no standard for the broadcast of teletext in North America. In Europe, there are systems in ptace and regularly broadcasting, with the largest number of receivers in England. There currently are three major contenders for teletext standards in this part of the world: 1) British teletext. 2) French Antiope, and 3) Ca- nadian Telidon proposals. Also, a system called Cap- tions for the Deaf (CFD) should be mentioned since it shares some similar char- acteristics.
The British teletext sys- tem is probably the sim- plest because it has a fixed-
transmission format. This is likely to lead to the cheap* est decoder design, which is important in the consumer product marketplace. There are two names by which these systems are identified. The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) has called its system Ceefax. The Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) calls its version Oracle.
The French system, An- tiope, is based on packets of data which are efficient representations of only the displayed characters on any page. On pages sparse- ly covered, the Antiope sys- tem requires ' less time to transmit than British tele- text. On full pages, this is not the case.
The Canadian system,
Photo C. Interested in a holiday? The cost of this page was .5 pence (about one cent).
Telidon, proposes a gener- alized technique for trans- mitting higher resolution graphics displays. As men- tioned earlier, the basic graphic character set is 64 mosaic symbols. Originally, this was proposed as a way of improving the appear* ance of the primarily text- oriented displays. However, as more experience has been gained, the graphics feature has been found to be a very useful and defi- nitely desirable aspect of teletext.
The approach suggested by the Canadians is to trans- mit Picture Description In- structions (PDI). These in- structions describe images in terms of basic geometri- cal shapes. Included are line, arc, polygon, point, and area. To describe a line, a starting point and a final displacement are sent in- stead of characters corre- sponding to each section of the line. Decoders could be built with various degrees of resolution in the display, with higher resolution being more costly. Most likely, these would have to be mi- croprocessor based, since software algorithms would be needed to "draw" the shapes into the display memory. The minimum de- coder, which would per- form similarly to the 64-character mosaic ap- proach, fikely would be more expensive than a sys- tem which is tailored only for simple graphics. How- ever, the appeal of high-res-
olution graphics is likely to influence system develop* ment in this country also.
Captions for the Deaf is a system intended primarily for sending captions for hearing-impaired viewers. As such, much lower data rates are adequate (about 10 times slower). As one provision of the system, called info-text, 15 lines of 32 characters can be dis- played. Currently, the FCC has authorized the use of TV scan-tine 21 for this pur- pose All the teletext sys- tems have provision for captioning services, includ- ing foreign language sub- titles.
BriliSh Teletext: A Detailed Description
To make these systems affordable for the consum- er, several LSI integrated
circuits will be required. At the present, these chips are available only for the Brit- ish teletext system. Several manufacturers including Mullard, Texas Instruments, and General Instruments offer chip sets for this pur- pose. To understand how these circuits work, a de- scription of the page en- coding scheme must be studied.
The standard character set is shown in Table 1. If you are familiar with ASCII coded symbols, you will no- tice a great similarity be- tween the two character sets. There are several char- acteristics which should be noticed about this set. The &4-character. mosaic-graph- ic set is shown in columns 2a, 3a, 6a, and 7a, The digi- tal code which represents these characters is the same as that for the symbols in columns 2, 3, 6, and 7.
How can this be? The answer is contained in the first two columns (0 and 1) of control characters. Each row of displayed text is as- sumed to be transmitted under an initial set of condi- tions shown in Table 1 . The
i22 73 MagazinB • Decemtser, 1960
"alpha'' control characters tell the decoder to use 2, 3, 6, and 1, or, for "graphics" characters, to use 2a, 3a, 6a, and 7a. Therefore, as an ex* ample, it is impossible to mix lowercase letters and mosaic graphics without sending a control character to switch the character set All control characters are displayed as spaces.
In the British system, 24 rows of text are transmitted per page. The first row is special and is given the name page header. It in- cludes 32 characters to be displayed and special page descriptors which are not displayed. All other rows have 40 characters. See Fig, 1, which shows the makeup of these rows. Each row starts with a clock run-in and framing code for hard- ware synchfonization. Then the magazine (0-7) and row address (023) are sent. [The three-digit page number can be from' 0 to 799 with the most significant digit being referred to as the magazine number.) Finally, 40 characters are sent The page-header row has the page number, time code, and special control bits fol- lowed by 32 characters. The magazine, row address, page, time code, and con- trol bits all are encoded with special protection bits forming a Hamming code. This code is made up of message and protection bits shown in Table 2 The other characters use a single bit, b8, to form parity . Parity re- fers to the number of bits which are equal to 1; in this case, an odd number is sent for protection purposes.
From Fig. 1, you will find that there are 360 bits (or 45 bytes) per row. All these bits [one row) are transmitted on one horizontal scan line during the vertical blanking interval. As shown in Fig. 2, lines 17, 18, 330, and 331 are used by the British in their 625-line television system. Since only two lines are transmitted per field, it
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takes 12 fields (6 frames) to sand a page of text. To transmit 360 bits, a rate of 6.9 Mbits/sec is used. This raises compatibility ques- tions for use in this country where we have different TV standards.
The decoder chip set functions in real time as the data rs received. On each line, bit synchronization is achieved using the clock run-in, and then v^ord syn- chronization is determined
with the framing code. Next, the magazine and row address are grabbed and Hamming decoded. In the page header row, addi- tional Hamming encoded data are processed. For the character bytes, the parity is checked and, if correct, the character bytes are loaded into display mem* ory. During the display time, these characters are read out of memory and. using a color-character gen-
erator, are shown on the screen. The user specifies the desired page by punch- ing data into the chip set via a small hand-held key- board.
Viewdata: Telephone Systems
A similar service is possi- ble using telephone line, two-way communications. Instead of serially broad- casting a fixed set of pages, the user asks for specific
73 Magazine • December, 1980 123
Photo D. Visiting New York? Check out some options for your stay.
pages from a large data
base. In England, there are currently over 150,000 pages on their Prestel sys- tem, (See "The Ultimate Consumer Computer/' by Derfler, Kilobaud Micro- computing, October, 1979.) The main difference from teletext is that only the pages you request are sent. This gives apparent im- mediate access to a very large amount of infor- mation.
The catch in using this system is a financial one. Since you are in direct com- munications with a com- puter, it is very easy to charge you for this informa- tion on a page-by-page basis. However, with each
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user having a unique access code, there are also advan- tages such as the possibility of having a complete shop-
from-home service. With so many pages of information, a user normally would refer to a guide to locate pages of interest, or it would be possible to step through menu pages, narrowing the topic as you go. This is de- scribed as a tree searching method, where you branch into more specific areas.
The hardware for teletext and viewdata is similar. In fact, viewdata adapters are based on teletext systems with the addition of a mi- croprocessor and tele- phone modem. Basically, this doubles the cost of the integrated circuits (over a teletext only system).
Prestel: The British Viewdata System
In England, the British Post Office controls all communications for the country This has helped considerably in allowing them to develop both tele- text and viewdata systems with similar standards. From the user's point of view, the text display looks identical for both systems.
The actual communica- tions is accomplished using FSK modulation. The com- puter sends the characters
at 1200 baud (1300 Hz for binary 1 and 2100 Hz for bi- nary 0). The user responds at 75 baud (.190 Hz for 1 and 450 Hz for 0) when the keypad is punched.
The character set is the same as that previously de- scribed in Table 1, with some additional codes. Some of these codes are cursor controls, page delim- inators, and other computer symbols. Since two-way ir^ teraction occurs in this sys- tem, the keypad requires a few more buttons than the one solely for teletext Two of these are * and #, These are used as page delimina- tors. As an example, if page 123 is desired, you would enter *123# directly instead of continuing with branch- ing from page to page.
One nice feature of this system is the automatic
dialing of the computer's telephone number. All you need to do is push the view- data button and the system in the TV does the rest; when the access procedure is completed, the system is ready for your first page re quest. Many variations on this theme are possible, in- cluding a completely auto- mated system that would access data in the middle of the night when phone rates are the lowest and store the information or) inexpensive audio cassettes.
Amateur Radio; Possible Applications
Now that I have de- scribed these consumer sys- tems, you may be asking yourself how to apply the technology from these sys- tems towards our hobby. In all honesty, I don't have the answer. Even as this is being written, new circuits are be- ing developed which might be applicable for use in an amateur radio system.
In the tradition of ama- teur radio experimentation, ( expect that some pioneers will devise a way to send these pages of information
using the ham bands. A sys- tem similar to viewdata could be envisioned, since it uses audio bandwidth channels which we already possess. This might be im- plemented similarly to slow scan, where pages of infor- mation [and graphics) are sent instead of pictures. Hopefully, we all can learn quite a bit and have a good time doing it
Since teletext and view- data are not yet widely available in this country, getting information normal* ly requires correspondence to Europe However, there are two publications which 1 can suggest for those who are anxious to learn more.
"Consumer Text Display Systems (Teletext and View- data)/' IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, July, 1979, volume CE-25, num- ber 3, is available for $15 from IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway N| 08854, or from your local library. It is composed of two hundred pages of general articles on the various systems. For the most part, these are not written at a high technical level.
Multitext Technical Infor- mation is available for $5, check or money order, from Signetics Corp., Publication Services — Bin 027 MTB, 811 Arques Ave., PO Box 409, Sunnyvale CA 94086, It is a fifty-page brochure de- scribing the Mullard (Sig- netics) teletext and view* data chip set and system operation. There are 35 col- or photographs including many sample text pages, (Only a limited quantity of these brochures is avail- able.)
1 would like to thank Neal Williams for arranging the availability of the Multi- text brochure and Merv Cox for his photographic work. Several figures were ob- tained from the Broadcast Teletext Specif ication, joint- ly published by the BBC, IBA, and BREMA.B
124 73 Magazine • December; 1980
G.I.S.M.O. "
2305 CHERRY ROAD
ROCK HILL, S.C. 29730
Featuring
ICOM
cushcraft
BiiM^MKDK
^
Uirsen
Wilson
^KEIM\A/aaD
ELECTRONICS
DRAKE
®
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 125
Double-Duty CW Keyboard
helps you on receive as well as transmit
Robert C Spindel KICN
Box 169
North Fatmouth MA 02556
Morse code keyboards are a popular station accessory, as witnessed by the numerous designs avail- able.^ The beautiful, rhyth-
mic sound of near-perfect CW is easy to achieve with these units. Merely striking the keys on a typewriter- type keyboard produces perfectly formed Morse characters.
But sending flawless CW is only half the battle. You have to be able to copy it as well. And with the speed at- tainable with keyboard
units, that means copying at higher rates.
This keyboard has a unique feature to help you receive code accurately so that you can keep up with your ability to send at high speeds. With the flip of a switch, the Morse keyboard becomes, voil^, a tireless in- structor sending a con- tinuous stream of random
B M'tra B a m d ei
3' E9 U B 'D Q a 'Di m Q BB (P 0 B U Et* Uh O B □> B jrJSy
pi iB IB D e m a b b b b
Photo A. The Instructor-Keyboard is built in a homemade case. The front panel is made of galvanized sheet metal painted with spray enamel. The keyboard keys have been re- labeled with transfer letters. To the left are the Instruct/Keyer and Space switches; the speed control is in the upper center; to the right are the Tune, Sidetone on-oft and Power on~off switches.
etters or five-letter code groups at any speed.
The Instructor-Keyboard is also the perfect device for giving new Novices code practice. Someone who does not know Morse can type to the neophyte, or he can use the Instruct mode to copy random let- ters. It allows practice at times when WlAW cannot be heard or when a receiver is not available. Since it sends letters randomly, there is no danger of the memorizing of practice ma- terial which often limits the usefulness of tapes and records. Needless to say, its utility is not restricted to beginners, A little time spent copying high-speed, random code groups should have you copying Wl NJM's transmissions with ease.^ Switch to the Keyer mode, and you can send at that speed, too.
Although available key- board designs differ in de- tail of execution — some employ scanned keyboards while others use diode ma- trices, some have character buffers and some have message memories — they all operate in the same fun- damental way. A single switch closure is used to produce a logic signal. A separate switch is provided for each desired character [letter, number, punctua-
126 73 Magazine • December, 1980
tion, or special symbol such as AA, a5, AR, BT, etc.), and the switches are arranged in a standard typewriter for- mat. The operator strikes a series of keys to generate a sequence of characters. The resulting logic signal is used to key a transmitter, FSK converter, sidetone os- cillator, or other device. This keyboard uses a diode matrix to encode switch closures into logic signals, and in the Instruct mode it uses hard-wired CMOS digi- tal logic elements to simu- late switch closures in a ran- dom manner. Thus, the log- ic replaces the action of the keyboard. In fact, as will be pointed out below, it is quite simple to build the In- structor without the Key* board, thereby yielding a simple code-practice ma- chine- Circuit Features
The Instructor-Keyboard has been designed without unnecessary frills. It is ca- pable of sending all letters, digits from 0 to 9, common punctuation, and special symbols AR, SK. BT, AA, and AS. It has two-key roll- over, which means that a second key can be de- pressed while the first is held down and, provided the first is released, two suc- cessive characters wilt be sent with perfect inter-char- acter spacing. Holding a single key down will cause that character to be sent repetitively, again with per- fect spacing.
The keyboard is com- pletely debounced so that only a single character is sent when a key is struck even though the switches themselves may bounce open and closed for several milliseconds after being struck Furthermore, the In- structor-Key board is con- structed from re ad ily*ava li- able and inexpensive com- ponents. A perusal of the back pages of 73 indicates that the CMOS logic ele- ments should cost less than
Photo B. Perfboard and wke-wrap sockets are used for the two electronic boards. The diode matrix and keyer are on the lower board. The Instructor electronics are on the snnallef board on the left, partially obscuring the diode matrix.
$15 to $20 Keyboards are available from a number of surplus dealers at reason- able cost.
The digital logic for both Keyboard and Instructor is all CMOS, selected for its tolerance to power-supply variations and its high im* munity to electronic noise* I have not observed any rf interference with the opera- tion of the Keyboard even in the presence of my VkW linear amplifier.
There are three main sub- sections in the Instructor- Keyboard. The first is a diode matrix for encoding a switch closure into a unique digital signal repre* sentative of the desired character. This is fed to the second subsection, the digital keyer logic, that con- verts it into appropriate dots and dashes. The third subsection is the Instructor itself. It automatically gen- erates digital signals iden* tical to those created by switch closures so that let- ters are sent without strik- ing keys. They are also sent Without the need for a diode matrix so that an In-
structor can be built with- out the keyboard-matrix combination. By the same token, the unit can be con- structed without the In- structor electronics and used as a conventional key- board.
In the Instruct mode, three spacing options are provided. The Instructor- Keyboard can be set to is- sue a continuous stream of random letters with the proper three-element inter- character spacing. Alter* natively, random five-letter code groups can be sent with either a long or short pause between groups. Let- ter spacing within groups is always precisely correct for the speed being sent.
As described below, the Instructor sends only let- ters. It was felt that sending letters only provided a cost- effective realization of an automatic Morse code gen- erator easily adaptable to many existing keyboards. The unit can be altered to allow automatic generation of numbers and punctua- tion in the Instruct mode at the expense of an increased
parts count
The Diode Matrix
All characters are encod- ed into an eight-bit digital word by the diode matrix. The coding scheme is the same as that used by Bryant W4UX and Horowitz W1 HFA. A diode is used for each dash, no diode for a dot, and a final diode to sig- nify the end of the charac- ter. Diodes are used for dashes because there are fewer dashes than dots in Morse code, thus reducing the number of diodes need- ed. The first few letters and numbers are wired as shown in Fig. 1 . The remain- ing pattern of diodes should be obvious if it is kept in mind that a diode is wired in place for a dash and also to terminate the character.
The bits in the code word are labeled B1 through BS. Note that with no keys de- pressed, alt bit lines are held high { + 12 volts) by a single 10k pull-up resistor on each bit line. Depressing a key (closing a switch) caus- es only those bit lines con- nected to the switch by di-
73 Magazine • December, 1980 127
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odes to be forced to ground (0 volts). Thus, the pattern of bits appearing on B1 through B8 for the letter A will be 10011111 where we have used a 1 to denote a high voltage level and a 0 to denote a low, or zero, leveL Depressing the B key will create the pattern 01110111, and a question mark will be 11001101. These are the unique digital codes that the keyer por- tion of the unit translates in- to appropriate dots and dashes. Incidentally, these are the codes that the In- structor portion of the unit also must simulate.
The Keyer
The heart of the keyer consists of an 8-bit parallel- to-serial (P/S) shift register, IC9, dot-dash generator flip- ffops lC7a and IC7b, and an end-of-character recogniz- er, IC6. Additional logic is used to debounce the key- board and to insert a proper space between characters. This space is exactly three code elements long (a dot is two elements long) as re- quired in Morse code. A dash is four elements long (three on and one off). Inter- word spacing is seven ele- ments in length.
Detailed operation of the keyer logic can be deduced from one of the excellent manufacturer's data books on CMOS logic. The follow- ing is a brief explanation of the general sequence of events that occurs after a key is closed.
The bit pattern, or code produced by the diode matrix, is inverted by IC5 and part of IC1 so that the letter A becomes, for exam- ple, 01100000. The shift register accepts this code on its 8 input lines and im- mediately transfers it to its output lines if the P/S line is high and if the A Enable {AE] line is high. When AE is low, the input lines are dis- abled and information pres- ent on them is ignored. This feature is used to debounce the keyboard Now, when the P/S line is low, input data is ignored similarly, but the register is converted to its serial mode, Data stored in the register then can be clocked out by puls- es applied to the CLK input.
Each positive transition of the clock signal transfers the bit pattern one step through the register. Bits at the top (IC9-1) "fall out" while the empty spaces at the bottom of the register
are filled with whatever signal is present on the serial-input (SI) line. Since this pin is grounded, as the bits are shifted through the register they are replaced by zeros at the bottom. The bit present on IC9-1 turns the dash flip-flop on and off depending on whether it is high or low, respectively. Meanwhile, IC6 constantly monitors the status of the output lines of the register in order to detect an end-of- character condition. When an end-of-character occurs, the lines monitored by IC6 are all low, its output goes high, thus terminating key- board output through IC1 and IC3b, At this time, IC9-1 will be high since a diode has been i nserted at the end of each character. One more clock cycle makes this low and lC3a turns the shift register back into its parallel mode allowing it to accept a new code word, the next character. This ex- tra clock cycle ensures that there will be a three-ele- ment space between suc- cessive characters.
Note that in its idle state the keyer logic has the code word 00000000 on the out- put tines of IC9. The inputs to IC6 are low; its output is therefore high. Upon strike ing a key, at least one of the bits at the output of IC9 goes high so that the output of IC6 goes immediately low. This triggers the one- shot, 1C4, and it responds with a 2-ms pulse which is applied to the AE input of IC9. It has the effect of disabling the input lines of the register for sufficient time to allow all contact bounce to subside.
The keyer clock is a sim- ple oscillator made of two CMOS inverters. With the parts values shown, the speed is adjustable from about 5 to 50 wpm. Varia- tion of speed in either direc- tion can be achieved by changing the value of the 10k resistor or the 1-uF capacitor. The sidetone
oscillator also is con- structed with two inverters, and gives an approximate 700-Hz tone. The output of the sidetone oscillator is gated on and off by the keyer through lC3c and is then applied to Q1. Q2 drives a small relay to key a transmitter. SI closes the relay for tune-up purposes. If desired, a solid-state key- ing circuit can be substi- tuted for the relay; a reed relay, however, is fast enough to follow 60-wpm keying and allows the key- board to be used with vir- tually any transmitter. To prevent relay sticking with those transmitter keying cir- cuits that draw more than a few milliamps, it often is a good idea to place a 20- to 50-Ohm resistor in series with the output line.
The Instructor
A careful examination of the digital code words pro- duced by the diode matrix for the 26 letters of the al- phabet indicates that they use only bits B1 through B5. These five bits allow 32 combinations of zeros and ones. Now, a five-bit binary counter will count sequen- tially from 0 to 31 and in the course of doing so will pre- sent at its output every one of the 32 possible bit com- binations. If we devise cir- cuitry to select only the 26 output states correspond- ing to the letter codes, and then apply the output of the counter to the B1 through 85 input lines of the keyer, the counter will effectively act as a substi- tute for the keyboard and diode matrix. If the counter is clocked slowly, the keyer will generate a sequence of letters corresponding to the bit codes at the output of the counter and will repeat this sequence ad infinitum.
In order to generate let- ters in a random sequence with no repetitions, binary counter 1C9 is clocked at a frequency that is high com- pared to keying speeds.
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Fi% 2. The keyer subsection uses CMOS integrated circuits. All unused CMOS gate inputs are tied to 12 volts as recom- mended by the manufacturer. Q7 and Q2 are general-purpose transistors^ and many substitutions will work.
NOR gates IC6a and IC6b are wired as inverters to form a CMOS oscillator running at about 700 Hz (60 wpm corresponds to about 25 Hz). Thus, a new bit code appears at the output of the counter every 1/700 of a second.
The keyer logic responds to whatever code is pre- sented to it* generates the appropriate tetter, and re- turns to its ready state. Be- cause the generation of the letter is slow compared with the speed of the count- er, the counter has counted from 0 to 31 many times during the time it takes for a letter to emanate from the keyer. The code present at the input of the keyer upon comptetion of the letter will therefore be a function of the letter length, the fre- quency of the counter oscil-
lator, and the frequency of the keyer oscillator. Since these are unrelated quan- tities, the bit code present at the counter output when the keyer is ready to gener- ate a new letter will be in- dependent of the bit code of the previously generated letter Thus, random letters are generated.
Only 26 of the 32 possi- ble counter states represent valid letters Rather than detect these 26 states, we detect only the 6 states that are invalid and disable the Instructor output if one of these should occur. In fact, we need detect only 5 il- legal states since the state 11111 corresponds to the condition of the keyer with no keys depressed and no output will ensue. Logic gates IC2, IC3, IC4, and ICI a and ICIb comprise the
unwanted-state detector. The output of IC2d goes high whenever one of the forbidden states occurs. This high is passed through IC6a and IC6b and holds the register, composed of D'type flip-flops IC10A, IC11, and ICI 2, in a set mode. That is, the output lines of the register are held high (111111 which is equiv- alent to having no keys depressed. No letter is gen- erated For all other combi- nations of B1 through B5, a letter is sent. There is no ap- parent pause in the output of the Instructor since new combinations of bits are created every 1/700 second. Switch SI in Fig. 3 allows the Instructor to be turned off by holding the register in a continuously high, or set, mode. The keyer may then be activated by the
keyboard and diode matrix. When SI is grounded, the Instructor sends random letters in a continuous se- quence. In its middle posi- tion, 51 is connected to the output of one-shot IC7. ICfl is wired as a four-bit count- er that is clocked by the P/S line of the keyer. Since the P/S line goes from low to high after the generation of each letter, IC8 is clocked one count. When four let- ters are counted, the one- shot is triggered and its out- put goes high for a period of time determined by Rl. R2, and CI, This high disables the D flip-flop register by setting it, The fifth letter is completed, but a new one is not generated until IC7 goes low. This period of si- lence can be made long, short, or nonexistent de- pending upon the position
73 Maganne • December, 1980 129
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Fig. 3. The electronics of the Instructor. Not all connections are shown to avoid confusion in the diagram. All points la- beled Q1 to Q5 are connected together. Similarly, all those labeled Q1 to Q5 are connected together. All unused CMOS gates are tied to 12 volts.
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Construction
Parts placement and inter-component wiring are not at all critical. I prefer to use wire-wrap techniques for digital logic circuits be- cause it is fast and reliable. All the wiring can be com- pleted in an evening or two. Care should be exercised in construction of the diode matrix, if it is included. With so many diodes, it is
easy to make an error. How- ever, troubleshooting, if re- quired, can be accom- plished with simple equip- ment. A voltmeter will in- dicate high or low states or an LED driven by a transis- tor will serve the same pur- pose. One of these simple tools will allow diagnosis of almost any possible prob- lem.
The power supply is not critical. I chose to use a 12-volt regulator (Fig. 4), but
anything from 5 to 12 volts will work and regulation is not necessary. It is a good idea, though, to filter the power supply adequately. Oscillators like the keyer clock have a tendency to synchronize with power supply ripple. If this occurs, speeds will appear to jump from one to another as the speed control is rotated, rather than to vary smooth-
ly.
Variations
The Instructor portion of the circuitry can be used as is with many existing key- boards, and can be adapted simply for use with others. If the coding scheme in your keyboard uses diodes for dashes and character termination and operates from 5 to 12 volts, just con-
nect the Instructor directly to it. If you can identify a portion of your keyboard logic that produces a tow- to-high transition after each letter, connect it to 1C8-1. If you cannot find such a point, leave out 1C7, IC8, and ICIOb. Then switch SI to ground for continuous letter generation or to 12 volts for resumption of nor- ma] keyboard operation.
With keyboards that use other coding schemes, the illegal-logic-state detector must be modified. This should not prove to be dif- ficult once it is understood exactly how the detector works. If, for example, your existing keyboard uses di- odes for dots instead of dashes, _s[mply reverse all Ql to Q5 and Q1 to Q5 leads. Other coding
130 TQMagazme • December, 1980
schemes will require similar simple changes.
As mentioned above, the
Instructor-Keyboard also can be constructed without the keyboard or diode ma- trix and used as an Instruc- tor alone. Simply construct keyer and instructor elec- tronics as shown in the fig- ures and attach 10k pull-up resistors to lines Bl to B8 of Fig. 2.
Numbers and punctua- tion can be added to the In- structor's vocabulary, if de- sired. However, this will re- quire the addition of exten- sive detection circuitry to eliminate unwanted codes. tn order to accommodate these additional characters, 3 total of 8 bits in a code word is needed. There are 256 combinations of zeros and ones in an 8-bit word, but the Instructor uses only a small number of them. Thirty-six are needed for let- ters and numbers. Adding a comma, question mark, and
period gives 39; special symbols will add a few more. In this case, we would have to detect 21 7 il- legal words [ignoring spe- cial symbols which are not really needed for practice) It would undoubtedly be easier to detect the 39 legal ones, allow them to be passed through the register to the keyer, and reject all the rest. To do this, one sim- ply would invert the output of the detector logic at lC6b IC9 would have to be wired as a full 8-bit counter and two more D flip-flops would have to be added to the register. ■
References
1. Bryant, Touchcoder 11/* QST, July, 1969; Horowitz, "Compu- codef." QST, June, 1975; Crom, "This Station Plays Beautiful CW," 73, March, 1979; Helfrick, "An (nexpensive Morse Key- board/' QST, January, 1978. These articles contain addition- al references.
2. Hart, "High Speed CW, Any- one?" QST, June, 1979.
i
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 131
Sixteen Channels of Digital Delight
do-it-yourself data acquisition
COUNTER-COMPARATOR A/O
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Photo A. A good, low-cost S-bit AID made by Datel. !ts output coding is in binary, it runs off 5 volts, and it has a conversion time of only 500 ^, Its current selling price is about $8,00. (Photo courtesy of Datel)
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Fig. 1, A block diagram of a complete 16-channel DAS that you can build with almost any A/D convener on the market today.
\^ 132 73 Magazine • December, 1980
Chrh Bowkk WBAUHY 1498 Hoifand Street Mdboufm ft 3293S
In my last article on A/D conversion (November, 1980), I covered some theory to help you under- stand the principles. Now we'll put that knowledge to work and build a complete 16-channel Data Acquisi- tion System (DAS — a 16-channel A/D converter].
Background
A portion of my last arti- cle deal t with the process of choosing the right A/D for a specific function. The gist of that section was that there are literally hundreds of A/D converters on the market today, and choosing the right one for your needs could be quite a difficult process if you don't know what to look for. The average hobbyist just does not need extreme accuracy or extremely fast conver- sion times. He is looking for an A/D which; (1) runs on common supply voltages. (2) covers the needed ana- log input range, and (3) has a digital output which is compatible with his inter- face circuitry.
There are quite a few low-cost A/D converters on the market which should satisfy most any hobbyist {see Photos A and B}, But
the purpose of this article is to show you how you can use that A/D to build a com- plete 16^channel DAS,
What is a DAS?
We know from my pre- vious article that an A/D takes a single analog volt- age and converts it to digi- tal form. There are a tot of different conversion pro- cesses possible and a few different digital-coding techniques utilized in var- ious A/D converters, but the end result is always the same — some kind of digital word representing the ana- log voltage level present at the A/D's input. This is just fine, but what if there were several different analog voltages which we wanted to digitize? Of course, if we had 16 different analog voltage levels to measure, we could go out and buy 16 A/D converters and wire
Photo B. Another Datef device which is a bit more expensive ($34,001 'f '^ a 12-bit binary or 3Vz'digit BCD coded A/D convener, and it runs off ±5 volts and has a lO-ms conver- sion time. (Photo courtesy of Datel)
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\Z\ FOR AN EIGHT CHANNEL CATA ACQUISITION 5YSTEW GROLJND THtS PQIM AND DELETE \CZ AMD IC5,
F/g, 2. The complete schematic for the 16-channel DAS utilizing the Teledyne 8700 series of A/D converters.
73 Magazine * Oecember, 19&0 133 JB
Photo C This h what the big boys use for a 16<h3nnd Data Acquisition System. The MP6812 can be bad for a mere $200.00. (Photo courtesy of Analogic)
them up in a maze of confu- sion. But if you're anything like me, you don't have the time or the money to throw away on such a huge proj- ect. You could, however (with a minimum of time, effort, and money), build the complete 16-channei
DAS described in this arti- cle.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of one possible candidate for a complete DAS. Basic- ally, all we need to add to our A/D is a counter, two 8-channel multiplexers, and possibly some chip-select
circuitry for the analog
multiplexers With the addi- tion of this minimal amount of ctrcuttry, we now can look at 16 different analog voltages without the maze of confusion mentioned above.
The operation of the DAS
Fig. 3, The PC board foil pattern for the schematic of Fig. 2. The pattern is shown from the foil side.
M
is really very simple Lef s assume an initial starting point for the DAS with the counter set to binary zero. In this state, the address in- puts to each analog multi- plexer will also be at binary zero and the chip-select line will choose only one of the multiplexers to be ac- tive. Thus, the analog volt* age at switch address zero will be connected to the A/D and the conversion pro- cess will begin. When the A/D has converted the ana- log voltage to digital form. It outputs a pulse from "Data Valid" to clock the counter and to let the out- put circuitry know that the digital data at the output of the A/D is ready for use.
When the counter is clocked, it is incremented to binary 0001 , and the ana- log voltage at switch one is now connected to the A/D for conversion. Again, the A/D performs the conver- sion process and outputs a pulse when it is finished, and, in this manner, all 16 analog voltages are con- verted to digital form in a multiplexed fashion until you tell it to stop. Another variation to this approach would be to get rid of the counter and to address the analog multiplexers direct- ly with a microcomputer or thumbwheel switches. Therefore, any one analog channel could be accessed directly at any time and for any length of time you wish, without having to cycle through all 16 channels.
Building the DAS
Fig 2 is a complete schematic of a IS-channel
DAS utilizing the Teledyne 8700 series of A/D con- verters! The 8700, 8701, and 8702 are 8-, 10-, and 12-bit monolithic CMOS analog-to-digital convert- ers, respectively, in a24^in DIP. Output coding rs in binary, and its conversion time is fast enough for our purposes (18 ms for 8 bits). Its operation is exactly
134 73 Magazirte * December^ 1980
as was explained for the block diagram in Fig. 1, so no other explanation should be necessary.
Figs. 3> 4, and 5 (which were graciously supplied by Michael Paiva, A/D Product Manager at Teledyne Semi- conductor) show the foil pattern, pinout. and com- ponent layout for a single- sided PC board of the com- plete 16-channel DAS shown in Fig. 2.
For those of you who do not wish to make your own PC board, it is available directly from Teledyne or any of their distributors for $5.00. Just ask for the 8700 Test Board. Of course, a PC board makes things nice and neat, but you can build your own through wire- wrapping or direct wiring.
In the Parts List for the DAS, some components are marked with an asterisk.
These are somewhat criti- cal The stability of the sys- tem is directly affected by the stability of these com- ponents. For standard hob- by use, however, some sub-
Photo D. Our finished product h propped up against my computer system.
stjtutions could be made. For example, if an 8-bit A/D is used at room tempera- ture, then 5% carbon resis- tors could be used in place of the 1% resistors because the resolution of an 8-bit AID is only 0.4%. With a 12-bit AID, however, these components will be very critical if full 12-bit ac-
curacy is needed.
Following are a few sug- gestions that you may want to consider before building
your DAS:
First, as in any project handling both digital and analog signals, keep analog signals as far away from digital signals as possible. To avoid ground loops, iso-
late the analog ground from the digital ground by using the system ground as the only common point be- tween the two. Use ade- quate bypassing of supply voltages and, finally, make sure your reference volt- age, Vrefr "5 ^s Stable as you can make it For example, an 8-bit A/D should require
ADDRESS INPUT/OUTPUT
VDD (+5V) DATA VALtD
ENABLE/ lOOO'i DIGIT
BUST (NIHATE CONVERSION
DATA OUTPUTS
tC5 401!
1C4 4024
\^
1C3
1
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>
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ANALOG INPUTS
t-5V}
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ANALOG GROUND
fig. 4. Component layout and edge connector pin assignments. Look carefully for all jumpers.
73 Magazine • December. 1980 135 J^
ermanti Aniatear
fir*-
^25
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|
Parts List |
|||
|
Part Number |
Description |
||
|
IC1, IC2 |
4051 |
CMOS— 8-channe analog switch |
|
|
IC3 |
8700 type |
CMOS— Teledyne AID converter |
|
|
IC4 |
4024 |
CMOS— 7'bit binary counter |
|
|
IC5 |
4011 |
CMOS quad ainput NAND gate |
|
|
C1 |
68 pF ± 1 0% |
Low leakage ntica, ceramic* etc. |
|
|
C2 |
270 pF ± 20% |
Ceramic, mica, etc. |
|
|
G3, C4. C5 |
0.1 mF ± 20% |
Ceramic, mylar, electrolytic, tan talum, etc. |
|
|
R1 |
*953k ± 1% |
Carbon, carbon film, metal film, etc. |
|
|
R2 |
*100k ± 10% |
Trimmer resistor |
|
|
R3 |
*1 megohm ± |
1% |
Carbon, cafbon film, metal film, etc. |
|
R4 |
100Q ± 10% |
Carbon resistor |
|
|
R5 |
20k ± 10% |
Trimmer resistor |
|
|
R6 |
100k ± 5% |
Carbon resistor |
|
|
R7 |
Ik ± 5% |
Carbon resistor |
|
|
R8 |
100k ± 10% |
Carbon resistor |
|
|
R9 |
•20k ± 10% |
Trimmer resistor |
|
|
RIO |
*243k ± 1% |
Carbon, carbon film, metal film, etc. |
|
|
*See text. |
|||
|
0-04% v< |
^Itaee reeulal |
tion |
Reference |
(one-tenth of its resolution). Photo D shows my com- pleted DAS in front of my computer system /■
1. Teledyne Semiconductor, AN-9, "Applications of the 8700 Series of CMOS AID Convert-
ers.
encounter
Dateline Dayton Hamvention . .
To dennonttrate the selectlvtty of our Mark 3CR repeater we keyed a trantmitler 1 5 KHz off frequency and set It directly agalnet the receiver Input. Our Mark 3CR didn't even notice the dote encounter.
Sure the Mark 3CR can withstand severe interference. . it uses both crystal filtering and double conversion. And that's just the beginning. Its perforrrtance contin- ues with a transmitter that meets commercial specs plus a microprocessor controller that gives you 39 functions and 13 Morse messages. For peak perform- ance have your own close encounter with a Mark 3CR / Repeater or Mark 3C Controller
call or write for specif Icatlone '^49 MICRO CONTROL SPECIALTIES 23 Elm Park, Groveland, Ma. 01834
(617) 372-3442
^2
136 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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KIT INCLUDES • IIO»-242i 24-28 CMOS safe inserter ;":; anS CMOS SAFE EXTRACTOR
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 137
Ed ingbef WA6AXX 10&16 Nonhridge Square Cupertino CA 95014
A Computer-Controlled
Talking Repeater
part III: interfacing to the microcomputer
The first two parts of this article provided an overview of the project and microcomputer hardware and software nucleus de- tails. This final part de- scribes interfacing of var-
ious peripheral circuits to the microcomputer.
Speech Synthesizer
The most distinctive characteristic of the repeat- er is its voice, provided by
Telesensory Systems' S2B and S2C Mini Speech Syn- thesis PC boards. Each board has a vocabulary of 64 words. The S2C contains the ASCII character set and the S2B provides 64 addi-
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Photo A. Telesensory Systems speech synthesizer board. 'JH 13a 73 Magazine • Oecember, 1980
tional words such as ten, eleven, twenty, thirty, hun- dred, clear, Hertz, and other useful radio-type words. The speech syn- thesizer is used for IDing the repeater, reading back commands, and for reading out signal strength and fre- quency error measure- ments. The boards are perfect for countless other microcomputer-based ap- plications including remote bases, home remote- control systems, and speech-response terminals. Each board is about 3" by 3" with a 20-pin connec- tor on one end. They cor>-
tain a 40-pin LSI synthesizer
chip, 24-pin ROMs contain- ing the vocabulary, and a couple of resistors and ca- pacitors. The internal clock frequency is controlled by an RC network, but if de- sired, the board can be driv- en by an external clock for more precise pitch control. To generate speech, a six- bit binary code represent- ing the desired word is ap- plied to the board and the start input is pulsed. The busy output signal goes low, remaining low until the word is complete. The code for the next word can then
be applied, the start input pulsed, etc. It couldn't be easierf
The Telesensory speech synthesizers are fund a men- tally different from syn- thesizers that have been available for hobby com- puters. Control requires on- ly presenting the six-bit rep- resentation of the word de- sired. Other synthesizers re- quire a complex construc- tion of commands for each word, and it becomes a game to understand what the machine actually said. Such systems are really toys — not tools If only a limited vocabulary is re- quired, the Telesensory boards are the perfect solu- tion. The voice sounds au- thoritative, rather than friendly like the voice of the Tl Speak and SpeltT^*, and is more intelligible and punches through any back- ground noise.
Synthesizer Hardware Interface
The pitch of the speech output normally is deter- mined by the board's RC os- cillator circuit. By removing the resistor and capacitor, an external clock signal can be used to eliminate the possibility of frequency drift with time or tempera- ture and to precisely match the pitch of the two boards. The clock signal is gen- erated by a programmable counter/timer on the Pragmatic Designs CPU*1A microcomputer board, dividing the CPU's crystal- controlled clock frequency to 24 kHz.
The six-bit word-select code for both boards is pro- vided by the computer's DACPORT output port, and the individual start strobes are provided by two bits of XPORT output port To guarantee logic level com- patibility, pull-up resistors to +5 volts are included for each synthesizer input line.
The synthesizers' busy output lines require a srm-
Photo B. IC~22S with interface board plugged into old diode programmtrig board location, Molex connector on back carries all the signals
pie interface circuit to drive 5-volt logic. The signals are brought into the 8085 As in- terrupt 5.5 and 6.5 inputs, used as an input port — not really as interrupt inputs.
The speech output is a high-impedance [lOk) cou-
ple of volts peak to peak. Telesensory recommends a filter network to shape the
audio response, but we found that it sounded far better through the repeater with virtually no filtering. The audio from the two
boards goes to the repeat- er's audio mixer circuits.
Synthesizer Software
Messages to be spoken are generally stored as
strings in the microcompu- ter's ROM. Other messages
30K1$I
DACPORT 9
OACPOHT 4 >
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TIMER OUT I24KHEI
INTEflftUPT 5 S>— f
SPtEtM a
INTERRUPT 6 5
TO
JLuOlO
MIXERS
Fig. 1. Speech synthesizer hardware interface to microcomputer.
73 Magaitne • December. 1980 139 ^
Table 1. Speech SYnthesizer contiol subroutine.
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Fig, 2. A/D converter hardware for reading the meters. Im 140 73 Magazine • December;l980
are generated by computa- tions made by the com- puter and are stored as strings in RAM. Prior to gen- erating speech, the compu- ter enables the synthesiz- er's audio mixer to the transmitter and/or phone line. The TALK subroutine expects the HL register pair to point to the character string in memory, and the string is terminated by a OFFH code. If speech to the transmitter is interrupted by a receiver squelch open, speech aborts and the sub- routine returns with the carry flag set. There are cer- tain exceptions to this rule, including timeout an- nouncements and cover tone generation. The TALK subroutine is
Table 2, Meter-tBad program extracted from the back- ground module, TRAP interrupt module, and foreground module.
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listed in Table 1, Optimum
selection of the synthesiz- er's pitch and inter-charac- ter delay is essential to achieving the best intelligi- bility.
Meter Read
The repeater's meter* read capability allows users
to request S-meter and dis- criminator meter readings to check signal strength and frequency error. Analog voltages from the receiver are buffered and brought to the A/D converter on the CPU-1 A microcomputer board Provisions are made for four analog channels.
although only two are used presently. The background module measures each channel every 26,6 ms, and the reading is stored with the 1 5 previous readings for that channel in RAM. When the proper touchtoneTM
key sequence is detected by the TRAP interrupt module, the 16 readings for the appropriate channel are averaged and stored, to be retrieved by the foreground sequence-detect branch routine which speaks the meter value over the air- When a meter-read com- mand is entered, therefore, the average reading over
the last half second is read, reducing the effect of noise and ffutter.
The A/D converter con- sists of a DAC^OB 8-bit digital-to-analog converter with a current-to-voltage converter, analog multi- plexer, and comparator. The DAC is driven by D AC- PORT output port the multiplexer by CHPORT output port, and the com- parator is read through RPORT input port. A 300-^ total conversion time suc- cessive approximation algorithm is used.
The meter-read software consists of three routines in
the background, TRAP in- terrupt, and foreground modules. The listings of each are shown in Table 2.
Remote Base
An Icom 1C-22S two- meter synthesized trans- ceiver serves as a re- mote base, commandabie through the repeater. Com- mand codes independently enable the remote-base receiver and transmitter, allowing monitoring only and talking over the two- meter signals. The lC-225 synthesizer is under control of the CPU-1 A microcom- puter, allowing users to pro-
73 Magazine * December, 1980 14t l^
Table 3. IC-22S remote-base frequency control routine. Touchtone command is decomposed and determines pro- gramming frequency.
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gram the frequency and transmitter offset.
The interface signals to the IC-22S include transmit and receive audio, push-to-
talk, receive carrier-oper- ated switch, eight syn- thesizer frequency control lines, plus DUPLEX A and DUPLEX B control lines.
The interface circuits sim- ply convert the S-volt logic levels of the microcom- puter to the CMOS logic levels of the IC-22S. The
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fig. 3. IC-22S remote^base hardware interface to microcomputer. This hardware replaces the diode programming board. Note: R37 common taken to +5 V, R36 taken to +5V, and
dp resistor restored to pull-down.
jfl 142 73 Magazine • December, 1930
pull-down resistors in the IC-22S are made pufl-up re- sistors so that the open col- lector buffers can function properly, The IC-22S sim- plex/duplex switch must be kept in the simplex posi- tion. The circuit was built on a small board which plugs in directly, replacing the diode matrix board, Icom's molex** connector option mounts on the back to carry the signals.
The software listing is provided of the routine which programs the syn- thesizer's frequency and offset The routine is ex- ecuted by the foreground in response to detection of a remote-base frequency-pro- gramming command when the remote base is on. The command code consists of: (least significant MHz),
n00skHzU10skHz),(0or5 kHz), and D for -600-kHz offset 2 for simplex, 3 for + 600-kH2 offset). For ex- ample, the 146J4/.94 pair may be selected by keying
220 flCVR
TOUCH TONE >
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* l*OLTSTT«ENC ^DIGITAL €AOUN0' ^ANALOG en DUN D
Fig. 4, Audio delay line schematic. Audio output is delayed 50 m$ from the input with squelch tails and touchtone chopped off.
in touchtone command 69401, The routine listed decomposes the command stored in the key buffer in RAM and programs the fre- quency synthesizer. The frequency then is read back by the speech synthesizer.
Sequence Detector
The sequence detector is a foreground task routine. Its task-pending bit is set by the timeout of the "220 on- ly beep timer," so the task routine executes after every 220 transmission. Usually, the sequence detector finds an empty buffer and simply cleans up and returns to the foreground nucfeus. If touchtone data keys have been placed in the key buf- fer by the TRAP input rou- tine, meaning that com- mands have been sent, the sequence detector analyz- es the command and, if
valid, branches the pro- gram to the appropriate command routine.
A listing of a stripped- down sequence detector program is shown in Table 4. Since the # key can be used as a ''clear" to cancel previous keys during a transmission, the routine scans down from the top of the used part of the buffer to either the bottom of the buffer or to a # key —which- ever is found first. That point is the start of the com- mand to be recognized.
The sequence detector is table driven — command routine addresses are stored in tables and are re- trieved by the sequence de^ tector to determine the branch location.
The first branch is based on the number of keys in the sequence — much infor- mation on the meaning of
the command is provided by its length. For example, the remote-base frequency- change command may be the only valid five-digit command. The program can branch immediately to the remote-base frequency change routine to evaluate and act upon the com- mand.
When the number of keys in the command does not uniquely identify the command, further process- ing occurs. If single-digit commands are used, the key value can be used to find its routine address in the ONETAB address table. For multiple-digit com- mands, a routine (COMP- 5EQ) compares each digit of the command up to the last digit to a valid string stored in the program. If the command sequence is val- id, one of ten command
routines is branched to based on the last digit of the command.
This approach to se- quence detection is ex- tremely flexible, easily changed, and is expand- able. Special cases also can be handled easily outside the table-driven structure.
Audio Delay Line
The loudness and dura- tion of the squelch tail in FM receivers varies, but some "chunk" exists in vir- tually all of them. Circuitry was built which eliminates the squelch tail and also allows total muting of touchtone command sig- nals. By delaying the re- ceived audio on the way to the transmitter, squelch tails and touchtone can be headed off at the pass, be- fore they go out the trans- mitter. The delay im-
73 Magazine • December, 19S0 143 !^
Table 4. Sequence detector foreground task. Stripped down skeleton of version used in repeater controller,
^nCQUEMCE nCTrCTOn rOREE'RDUHn rout ike. [iCCODeS 9E0UENCF UN KEt fiUFFFJi' AHU JlRAr^CIHES ^ROBRAH EXECUHOM Af^r^ROF'Prf AtELT , t* EFFECTIVELT CLEARS PF^EVlCJUS tiCYS FRtlH BUfFER UHEH
ifiFMhtNG A dfdur.Hce.
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FO^MI tlrTER81SIT TinE» |
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0003 ^^710 |
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MK 47 |
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If^QIHT TO « IF TCS |
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OB^D 3A3D10 |
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0B40 OF |
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<»A8IC7 |
1 Vinous |
RST 4 |
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Mid9 - |
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M*V C»»33 |
CALL TMJcft JHPrtHSCO |
1 QH RABID |
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WACtfT |
PST * |
IDCtrOE ON TYPE Of SEOUEHIIrE tABEl} ON hMfflMfR OF CHAR8 I
I ONE NCT cannANp I
plemented was 50 ms, al- lowing the audio to be muted gently just prior to the squelch tail or touch- tone reaching the transmit- ter.
Audio delays can be im- plemented with bucket-bri- gade devices — particularly short delays — but the ap- proach used here for the relatively long delay was an Intel Codec chip plus digi- tal shift registers. The Codec is a complete two- way data acquisition sys- tem, primarily intended for use in telephone equip- ment. It converts an incom-
ing audio signal to a digital bit stream, and an incoming bit stream to an audio out- put signal, for a two-way pulse code modulation sys- tem. As used here, however, the digital bit stream is simply delayed through the shift registers and returned to the Codec. The audio output is therefore a delayed version of the audio input. Any delay length can be accom- plished by selection of the size of the shift register, but five 1024-by-1 shift registers used here provide the de- sired 50^ ms delay.
|
flftAfl' |
tMCOfC |
EOU • |
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0MB |
Et |
POT H |
ii«8.>*>Fi8aT VM.18 ayM |
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7i |
IBV A»M |
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OSAF |
2tPfr08 |
LXI H*0ICT*8 |
tTA8LE OF ROtrTlME ASOBESSEft |
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087? |
C34131 |
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JHP J4rTA8 |
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MHLI-VFIRBT VAUP CHAR |
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087A |
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LXI B^L^EOl |
iYEST FDR FIRI^T POSSIBLE SEOUEHCE |
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CALL CDMrSCO |
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1 COlfPSEO |
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0808 |
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1 |
FUBH H |
I8<^JC SYRIHG LOCATION |
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LDAK D |
IDET EXPECTED ^AUUE |
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<?98D |
BE |
CHP H |
ICDHFARE TO UALUE tH BUFFER |
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CIS8E |
C2370e |
JHZ F(m:{3fiPSEa |
tRETURM IF P{FFER£NT |
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IDTHERlilSE NEIIT |
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IN^X D |
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ILAST CMAR I** fllOUCWCf |
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08T4 |
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ORA A |
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E* |
utam |
lYFS* mm OCT BAAMCH TABLE AD88E5S |
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tA |
UNUf 8 |
lA^AST 81 Bit V $ta |
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OB?A |
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I HI H |
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OWp |
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mrv E*n |
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0B9C |
a |
lant H |
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0890 |
5A |
ROM Dffl |
IQCT ABORESa FffOW TABLE |
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EB |
XCHD |
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0B5?F |
01 |
FOP U |
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08A0 |
M |
POP c |
IRE STORE STACh POINTER |
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OSAI |
C34131 |
JWP JI*PTftB |
ItOWtlTE ROUTINE RDDftES^ A/ID JUHP THERE |
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1 tJIRAMCH |
TA8LE ftASEP ON |
NUHMR Of *E¥S IN BUFFER |
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OOAX |
8808 |
8u ammc |
11 RXTp OECtElE |
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08A8 |
4E0a |
DM FIHVtOr |
12 KEYSp JtHVALtO |
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«^BAA |
«E08 |
pli FIMSEOP |
13 RtYS, IMVAilP |
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08M: |
4E08 |
DU FINSEOF |
14 KEYSi INVALID |
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»QilC |
3108 |
[l«» RBLDAtiP |
1^ HEYS^ NAY 8C REHOTE 8A&E Ft£8 LMS |
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08B8 |
4E88 |
DU FtNSCOP |
lAi [NVALIB |
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089^? |
4FQB |
DU FIMSEOP |
j7p iwuftuir |
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oeB4 |
7S&e |
DU EIQKTDEC |
4Bf DECIPE |
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08»A |
^EW |
Dy FINBEflP |
*9ii INVALID |
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0888 |
4E0B |
1 |
oy FiNHtap |
tlOf 1P*WALEP |
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TA9LE FOR &(£ |
E^ITRY BUFFER |
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MM |
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OffETA» |
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U0S8A |
i>efl« |
BH KCYO |
»« |
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U098C |
vwuv |
Oy llETI |
il |
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UOfliC |
ooe« |
OH ftEV2 |
fX |
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U08CO |
0080 |
DU HEY} |
19 |
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liO«C3 |
0008 |
Ml HEt4 |
14 |
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U&&E4 |
0800 |
BU KEYS |
n |
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ut^ttca |
8000 |
Ml KEYfr |
18 |
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UOBCB |
0000 |
DU KEY7 |
17 |
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UOBCA |
0008 |
W ICEVO |
#8 |
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uoecc |
(5000 |
DU KEYf |
if |
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08CC |
4F08 |
DU FIHBEO |
tfiLANiO |
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UOBDO |
0000 |
DU KEYS TAR |
fi |
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U08D2 |
00^4 |
1 |
oy KETP0UN8 |
li |
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i%:ij*rv,7x nuiCM ta8le |
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SH FINKO |
$9 |
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8«&A |
4F08 |
DM FIHSCO |
n |
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^BIB |
4F08 |
W FIHSEO |
la |
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oeDA |
4f08 |
W FSftSEO |
II |
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OB&C |
740f |
DW €8(8 |
Pi |
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080E |
^8fl |
tm VOtCEIS |
fS |
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OfiF$ |
1031 |
Dy AUTOPATPHOh |
tA |
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0BE2 |
4FCD |
oy ftBAUVRON |
17 |
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08r4 |
7F0I) |
oy FtBRCIJROFF |
*t |
|
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08EA |
4rai |
1 |
DM Flf^eEO |
l» |
|
KttlEflCES ' F1»5T 7 OF « OF COWIAHl^ CODE |
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■ |
mtMUCH TfLfiLE Al3|]«£S8 |
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OVIO |
8lO:!O3O48!USt:0i: |
OS lr?i3r4»S«**7teFF44 |
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Of 18 |
IM8B |
DU Tt2:}tAt |
||
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0¥]A |
QTf3^6ii%0*QJL^mi |
DB 7#A»9*4t3t^fI>0Frif |
||
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lt0922 |
0<M>0 |
Olt t74SYAi |
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8*24 |
0:-03040SOAL^01l |
DB ri3i4i5«4i |
^tBiOFFH |
|
|
U05i?C |
0000 |
mi T234rA8 |
Audio Mixers
The various audio sources in the repeater are connected to the 220 trans- mitter and to the phone line under computer control, AUDI and AUD2 output ports select one or more audio sources to be en- abled into the two mixers. The audio switching is solid state and is quite simple considering that there is no detectable click or pop when switched and no de- tectable feedthrough in an open switch, 4053 B single- pole, double-throw CMOS analog switches are used.
When the audio switch is open, the output is shunted to ground to eliminate any signal feedthrough. Good grounding and isolation of the CMOS switch power supply from the computer logic are important to keep out noise* The low-power Schottky control tine buf* fers ensure clean logic levels to the CMOS, even in the presence of possible crosstalk on an intercon- nect cable.
Repeater Performance
No significant problems were encountered in bring-
M
144 73 MagazinB • December, 1980
SOURCE
■ ■»^n^-
LEVEL ;r
J
#1 ^
ENABLED
AUDfO
^rfW^
LEVEL
;i
^7?
/TT
«.£K
r
40 £30
CDM
ICi
ENABLE V #2 ^
LS04
lOK
T
^
DO I
lOK
*3V
A
LSa4
l>
'ENABLED"
AUblO SOURCE >
-■^wv
LEVELS*
/?5
ENABLE
# n
'ENABLED'
F/g. S, Audio mixer schematic. Repeater contains one eight- input and one four-input mixer.
ing up the control system. We were concerned about rf interference from the computer's high-speed digi- tal logic, but since the 220 receiver is very well shield- ed, there were no problems. The fC-22S remote base re- quired feedthrough capaci- tors to be placed on all con- trol lines leaving the repeat- er cabinet to keep rf off cer- tain two-meter frequencies. RF! is something to be con- cerned about, but it isn't necessarily a serious prob- lem.
When the repeater went back on the hilltop with the new controller, it worked very well. Some minor software changes were made after eight weeks — the ROMs were simply changed.
There was one failure in the system, occurring after eleven weeks. The three- terminal regulator on the computer board became in-
termittent— probably a high resistance internal bond, definitely not ther- mal shutdown. The com- puter's supply voltage oc- casionally dropped low
enough to alter memory
contents, but not always low enough to reset the CPU. The machine would occasionally clear itself and sometimes turn itself off (clear the TTOR Repeater Enabled bit). A new regulator solved the problem immediately; it was back to its old self and has performed flawlessly ever since.
Conclusion
The design and construc- tion of the control system was a six-month part-time effort by two people. That's
a lot of work, but from my viewpoint it was well worth it. Use of the computer in the controller allowed building in really useful features that would not have been possible without it. The software intensive approach was extremely educational and is the only
practical approach for a system of this complexity. The project was the most satisfying microcomputer project I've been involved in,
Sincerest thanks go to Bruce Martin WA6EQS who shared half the work of this project. Bruce is the father of the three-year old repeat- er and had many of the ideas for features and their implementation in the new control system.
Don Pezzolo K60ZH contributed to the project as a resource for bouncing ideas back and forth throughout the develop- ment. His continuing en- couragement throughout the project was a big factor in its successful comple- tion. Don also manages the repeater site and keeps the machine happy in its home.
Behind the repeater is the rf expert Werner Vavken WB6RAW, who, with WA6EQS and Ray Max- field WA6VAB, is respon- sible for the rf portion of the machine. Bill Melody WA6YBD installed and maintains the antenna systems.
Parts and equipment were contributed by WA6EQS, W6LVY. W6YJL, WA6VAB, and WB6WDP ■
|
Standard |
ASCII |
||||
|
zero |
forty |
dollars |
space |
sh |
J |
|
one |
fifty |
cents |
X'point |
seven |
K |
|
two |
sixty |
pounds |
quote |
eight |
L |
|
three |
seventy |
ounces |
numtjer |
nine |
M |
|
four |
eighty |
total |
dollars |
colon |
N |
|
five |
ninety |
please |
percent |
semicolon |
0 |
|
six |
hundred |
feet |
and |
less than |
P |
|
seven |
thousand |
meters |
apostrophe |
equals |
q |
|
eight |
plus |
centimeters |
left paren |
greater than |
R |
|
nine |
minus |
volts |
right paren |
mark |
s |
|
ten |
limes |
ohms |
star |
at |
T |
|
eleven |
over |
amps |
plus |
A |
U |
|
twelve |
equals |
hertz |
comma |
B |
V |
|
thirteen |
point |
DC |
minus |
C |
W |
|
fourteen |
overflow |
AC |
point |
D |
X |
|
fifteen |
clear |
down |
stash |
E |
Y |
|
sixteen |
percent |
up |
zero |
F |
Z |
|
seventeen |
and |
go |
one |
G |
lowercase |
|
eighteen |
seconds |
stop |
two |
H |
tone |
|
nineteen |
degrees |
tone (low) |
three |
1 |
uppercase |
|
twenty |
tone (high) |
four |
up arrow |
||
|
thirty |
oh |
five |
control |
Table 5. Telesensory Systems Mini Speech Synthesis PC boards vocabulary.
73 Magazine • December, 1980 145 liS
■■■
Chart of
UNITED STATES AMATEUR
RADIO PIUVIU&CES
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A
Si
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•o
s
^.
^ O ^^^
"^S,
cj^ Ci* 'f^
GIGA Hz Preampli
UlUa-wideband 1 MHz
to 1000 MHz
The PM-5 preamp modute cov&rs the entire range froml MHztolGHjflDOO MHz) Perf^cl (or the new GHz coLinierA and higher UHF bands, the Iremen- dous bandwidlh oif thi^ pfesmp makes i1 So ¥efS3lite you wili soon depend on it vvhenevef addtd gairi is rwedad tor RF measuremenis Aiso for scopes, mW powef meiets. detectors, elc G^m is 30d8 from i MHz to 500 MHz decreasing to t5 dB ai 1 GHz. Mftxirnum cHjtpuf IS ^ volt (>-p mto 50 ohms It is di@^n«d lo work in either 50 or rs ohm systems The pfeamfi is r^eady lo use with (he power adapt er provided Of any 7^ to 15 voit DC suppky at 50 mA. It can be ' byilt in' or mounted on your equipmeni it desired Made with fine qtjaliiy pialedthi'ij ]>oards, strip linie design mssng mi- crowave trans iiStors, BNC connectors. Mode( PM-5 UHF Preamp {w/ power adapter).., .,.,159.95
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Model yP 3: UHF Counter Preamp,
T MH? to 500 MHi S&4J9
Ord« Ifom PAjGEL ELECIPONICS. 6742^: Tampa Ave., Beseda. CA 9i33& Send check or MO 1o^ ppd. Shipment via UPS wben a^ail Of call 213'342'27i4 for COD Foreign add 10*^0 for airmail & tiandlin^ Calit. res. add 6% sales tax. One year warranty, money bactt §u3rar>tee. ^ y^
:J5> PAGEL ELECTRONICS
RTTY
Demodulators
$149.00 Ham net
FSK-1000
T.M,
Here is no compromise design and construction:
• Unparalleled selectivity achieved with sophis- ticated limiterless design utilizing ultrasharp active filters and decision level correction cir- cuits
• The most flexible interface system available to computers and high voltage loops
• Built in 170 volt loop supply
• Selectable bandwidths of 55 and TOO Hz. (copies 110 Baud ASCII)
• Continuously tunable shift coverage
• Rugged construction - commercial quality throughout
• Full complement of rear panel connectors for easy interface
• Keyboard activated switch for break in operation
• Individual tuning meters and LED's for quick, accurate tuning
El FSK-5
ilt
^^ T.M,
$22 9.00
Order direct on Visa or MC
700 Taylor Road Columbus, Ohio 43230
T.M. Call (614) 864-2464
This RTTY demodulator is designed for computer interface but is a fine stand alone unit:
• Easy computer interface with RS'2 32 or 5 volt logic signals
• Three shift coverage without straddfe tuning
• Selectable bandwidths give you optimal Baudot or 110 Baud ASCII copy
• Input bandpass preselector using active filters
• High voltage loop keyer output
• Autostart built in
• Three shift AFSK keyer plus narrow shift CW ID
• Fully wired and tested: ready to copy!
• The FSK'500 is the best demodulator available for under $500*00 (Except for our FSK-1000!)
• Positive tuning with meter and LED's
146 73 Magazine • December, 1980
8 0 0
2 2 8 4 0 9 7
COMPARE the J.I.L.SX-100 Scanner to any other scanner available on the market today.
16 Channels 30 54 MHZ
1 40 1 80 M HZ 410514 MHZ Digital Ciock Dale Dtspfay
110 V AC or 12 16 V. DC 1 Year WaTranty Seek Rate: Fast lOch/sec Siow 5 ch/sec
BRIGHT GREEN 9 D»G!T FREQUENCY DISPLAY
Ext. Antf^nna Jack Ext. Speaker Jack
Large Top Mounted SfJeaki-r Mobile Mounting Bracket Scan Rale: Fast 8 ch/sec
Slow 4 ch/sec Scan delay Time variable 0 4 st^c
Now you can see why it is our best selling scanner at only $199,95
HURRY! Supply is limited^
Kenwood TR-7800
15 multi-function memory channels
Extended frequency coverage 143.900 148.995 mhz
Front panel keyboard and internal battery
backup for all memories Priorty alert Auto scan and up/down manual scan
Digital readout of both transmit and receive frequency
Panasonic RF-4900 on sale this month.
List S549,95
Sale price this month $369,95
Yaesu FT 207R
800 channels across 144-148 mhz Up/down scan feature 4 memories plus priority channel Keyboard entry of frequencies RF output 2.5w or 200 mw
Call for Special Price Today!
HELLO WORLD!. „You get it all with the I COM 720!!!
All 9 bands and solid state
DtgitaUy synthesized tuning
Two VFO's
RF Speech Processor
General Coverage Receiver 0.1 to 30 mhz
AM, CW, SSB, and RTTY modes
Kenwood TS-520SE
Cents-ability in a quaNty HF Transceiver Features: Coverage 160-10 meters
CW wide-narrow switch RIT control Eight-pole crystal filter
1^14
VISA*
We Export
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND AVAILABILITY
Communications Center
1840 "O" STREET LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 68508
In Nebraska Call 402/476-7331
MosterCord
•^ Reader Servtce — see pags 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 147
Make a Microcomputerist Smile
build him this EPROM eraser
Herbert M. Rosenthal AL7C 2941 BTEndywine Anchorage AK 99502
One of my friends, who is deep into the home- computer hobby, had a dif- ficult time locating an eraser for his 2716 EPROM. He finally located one that was built into a plastic tape- cartridge storage box and it worked fine. A quick look inside the box revealed that the manufacturer simply epoxied a pair of sockets to the edges of the box, bolted
a small fluorescent ballast
to it, drilled a hole for the line cord, and included the usual 4-wire fluorescent starter switch. El Cheapo at its best but we wondered about the safety of the device as we had heard of the potential injury to eyes and skin from exposure to ultraviolet [UV) rays. The tube used in the device was a Sylvania G8T5 — remem- ber this, as it's important
The next EPROM eraser we saw was built by som^ one with a much better con- cept. It had an all-fnetal case with a drawer that held
Tube: G8T5 Nominal Watts: 8 Nominal length: 12" Tube diameter: 5/8" Approx. lamp Amps: 0J60 Approx. hours of life; 7500 Effective UV length: 8 Va"
UV oytpyl ® 2537 angstroms at 100 hours. Watts: 1,3 Average UV output through life: 0.98 Watts Max. intansity perpendicular to bare tube: Watts/Square Foot at: 1 ft— 0.14
4"— 0.86 2"— 0J5
These are averages at 100 hours life; initial ratings about 20% higher, decreasing to an average of 0.75 ratings above, through life.
Fig. 1. Useful dat3 if you *'roll your own/' Source: General Electric TP-122, Large Lamp Departnrent
Liu 148 73 Magazine • December, 1980
the EPROM in conductive foam. The drawer had to be in place before a switch was operated to complete the circuit, No UV leakage, no unintentional viewing of UV. This one also had a 60-minute timer built in. It appears that the bulb used by the latter device has a much stronger output, for the suggested erasing times were in the area of 20-30 minutes. The bulb has a house number and no doubt is made by or for that company and thus would not readily be available to the home constructor.
The next chapter in this story comes from a 14-page General Electric manual, ''Germicidal Lamps/' TP- 122, from their Large Lamp Department, I obtained a copy of this from the local industrial dealer for these lamps. An inquiry to them on the Syivania number revealed thatCE and others (Noreico) also make this lamp for air irradiation and other germicidal devices. We joked about the UV bulb in the electric razor at the airport {ten minutes, two bits) , , . all along my friend could have erased
the EPROM while he was shaving! [Also used at the bowling alley to Sterilize the rental shoes.)
But something good did come of this pursuit. Whereas the electric dealer would order the bulbs only in quantities of 24 or more, we found that the local bar- ber and beauty supply house had them in stock and would sell them at re- tail for about ten dollars. Click. A small 6^ to ft-Watt fluorescent tube ballast and switch are another six or seven dollars; everyone has a micros witch tn his junk box for the absolutely mandatory interlock switch- Click LM8 and others make metal boxes; plywood is cheap; the tube is nominal- ly 12" long, and the EPROM should end up under the lamp, about 1" from it, centered along the bulb, and impressed in the black conductive foam it came in. Under the bulb is specified so that the UV rays and not the heat from the bulb work on the EPROM. The effective length of the UV radiation is SVi", so cluster the EPROMs from the center of
the bulb.
Back to the GE manual. To allay any fears about the use of UV at all, I quote, "... Prolonged exposures or exposures to high inten- sities of ultraviolet energy can cause conjunctivitis Cin- flammation of the outer membrane of the eyes) and a reddening, or burns, of the skin. The glass used in con- ventional eyeglasses af- fords adequate protection. However, care should be taken that the UV energy does not enter the eyes from the side, nor is reflected into the eyes from the back side of the glass. To protect the face, clear plastic face shields are available . . . General prac- tice is to consider 0,5 micro- watts per square centimeter of 2537-angstrom energy in a 7-hour period to be the maximum safe exposure without protection. An equivalent amount of expo-
sure will be obtained from a bare 30-Watt lamp in one minute at 18 inches or in one hour at 12 feet"
Most of the rest of the manual describes the use of the family of germicidal lamps — from a IVa" length to the largest, which is 64"; the lamps are used in every- thing from air cleaners to meat-cooling rooms to pharmaceutical manufac- turing. But what should in- terest us the most is that the spectral response of these mercury vapor lamps peaks at 2537 angstroms, the ex- act wavelength called out for a// EPROM erasures.
Fig. 1 is a compilation of data that will be of use to you if you choose to "roll your own." Fig. 2 shows typical wiring for a unit Note in this latter drawing that the fluorescent switch, a 4-wire unit, performs the function of on-off and start, without a starter. If this
SPtoAL^ FLUOiiciKEttT "4 mm.' SwcrCH
|
* # |
||||||
|
* t * |
||||||
|
r |
||||||
|
t / |
b-BW BALLAST |
1 |
\ GB T 5 ; 1 |
1 |
||
|
I OM-OFf |
t&A |
|||||
|
tii TEH LOCK WCHOSWITCM |
fig. 2. Typical wiring.
switch is not avaifable, one could use two separate ones, an SPST on-off switch and an SPST normally-open push-^button for the mo- mentary depress-to-start.
It probably wouldn't hurt to fabricate a reflector from soft cardboard and then cover it with shiny aluminum cooking foil. Place this a couple inches above the lamp; it can only increase the UV intensity to the EPROM Provide a smafi hole (V4" will do) covered with milky white plastic to act as a pilot lamp. Try a one-hour ex-
posure as a beginning point In summary, you can have an ultra EPROM eras- er, violet, for about $20, some ingenuity, and a lot of fun ... but only if you promise to observe the strict cautions from the CE manual, which suggests that all products using germicidal lamps bear a prominent, highly legible CAUTION warning that no one should look directly at a lighted lamp or work near it without adequate eye (and skin) protection. Don't forget that interlock switch, be it on a Cray or door! ■
A rec«nL survey showed that 20% Qf the 73 sub»rib«r5 alio r««d Kilobaud MiCROCOrtPtJTING mag aiine , . . and enjoy it. This li Ihe best way lo learn and keej} up with tht fapfdly developing world ot mkn>computers. TTKrc's nothing (o be afraid oF« yov just have lo read an Lnlereiting magazine and jrOu'M leayrn. Try a subscription to Kilobaud MJCRCO^PCITHiC and sec for yours«:tf . n N*w subscription D Renewal Q 12 issues for S25.00
O Payment enclosed S D 24 iisuei for S3e.OO
D VISA a MC O AE □ Bill me G 36 issues for S53.00
Cardn
SignatufB Name .
interbank # _£xp. 0ate
Address Cfty^
State
Zip
—for even faster order mg service calf fotf fr^e fSOO^ 253 5473
Canadian! : $2?, one year only, U.S. funds. Other Foreign: 30DB6
S35, one year only. U,S. funds. Please allow 6-8 week^ for
delivery^
WIICROCOWPOTING • POB 997 • Farmingdale MY 11737
TUFTS Electronic Department Store.TUFTS
PROFESSIONAL HEADPHONES 8i HEADSETS gOOM MIC HEADSETS For ttn ultimjTt in Qjmmunicjtioni convwiwnca and ffff^civncy Ktoct « bootn mic ^lOClttl. LonQ-lifTt« f*wOritai of ptot*»iCHntl cc«T«mMnic«t>ont, boom mic t)t*dl|*tt tllow im^pn pcnorul RufatfpTY whilt al«nyt beeping ittt mic vooml-i posrtioried fet fitt, ormtm met trivwnis^ion. Boom nricrc^phonas ttm tcstiplawly adiLHtibk id aHoat perfect pcvi- tkfenifigu And. twocn hcAdses teave both hfn^ fr« to p«Horm ot^icr tsiiL AH m-odn Mt* tut>0tifld wiih ^'c^oie Ulking" rmcrophones to limit ambient notu pickHjp •nd provadt Kuperiof intvD'igitMhtV- £*^ modtl n i corrvcnient, tntine puth-fatillc twitch, wfii^ c*n be wired tw eith*f {Hifhlo tilk rt4iv control Of mic cifcwt mttffupt fof vpiea opernxd trmiitititeri. Ttw twitch miy bi tised « a marn«ntvv pioh-button or it can t» locfctd in the doiAm potiiiciin. All madtli hcv* tough, ftaxibte, B ^»t cofdt which art ttrippvd and tinned, un Terminated.
/
N
C-610
C-1210
•ff
C-1330
Headphone Jack Bom
Ham Ciubi, field day content optratlon. Nq morv lury rigi for multiptn haadphontf, Sh Y*" phone i»cki wUh individtiil votume contrail^ 4 toot cord m th )&" phona plug.
$14.30
fr ¥ \
w
z:?^ ••
.Ci
CM -6 TO
CM-1210 CM-1320 CM- 1320-5 PC- 100
HTC-2
HMC-2
HTC-91
MODEL
Haadphcxie Seiiiiivitv He* 0002 Dynet/cm? PTmW input. Ik Hi
limfrtion^ Impedance
t^crophone Frequency Response
I
Microptione
Sensltiwitv Briow t ¥olt/m4crota«
C^iO
103dBSPL *5dB
3?
20o^mt
2000olifi»
SWL^IO
t03dB 5PL iSdS
C-l^lO
I03de SPL ^t3dB
3^ 20 ohms
CI320
l05dB SPL iSdB
CMeiO
CM-1310
I034B SPLhOSdB 5PL ISdS :!3dB
3.2 ^ ohms
35
30 ohmt
SO
9000 Hf
hfigh
SIdQ t&dB
JO
CM- 1320
105da SPL
3.2 20 ohmt
50
HtQh
51 dB ±5dB
$62.75
I05d9 SPL ±dB
35 SUfilinH
60 WOOUz
CM-1320S
35
30 6hrM,
50 fiOOOH;
t«gh
5TdB +&dB
$7555
HigH
51 dB
±&de
^9.96 fTGj&
PC -100
200olvrrts
50
1200 Hi
Low
HTC2
3.2 20 ohms
too
3000 H2
Lmv
S24.50
HMC-2
35
TQahftn
HFC91
3.2
20 ohm*
100 3000 Hj
100 3000 Kt
Urm
snM
ttJO
95 95 95 95
tiO
I
MCX3EL107
$36S5
5.ufK»hy, 6 Amp MlH
C<w1f i4ll. cauni jt^p « cjr r Jdtb ^ 4 l^tif 7 filler
C>Tnr>«4HHia Citf rn<1 |Fi« \, it*4l 0Wp«i vvtati #«d latdk
tap** t'lM LMtfl
Cam J |WI*4V iVvbi^^^ 4^Dt
looaDwr
I
ttm
MODEL iSW
$1935
3 ^iTtp Vikir
tng n^ wftlEi AC 1g tZ uiXb,
EK »i3t4itv luiFifl lar nusr
iWi4Uli«rti Ktciudmi l-iTick tmn ^^m gmm. cm tta\t ine
CHHfh O^ ptbyvr wiibn poma *fAif^
■ippHpiFjiilieMt
irij
lift
} 4Ht.4 M»>«1.
Unarco-Rohn
COMPLETE 25G TOWER PACKAGES 50' Guyed Towtr: Includes top section, 4 regular
sections, base plate, rotor plate, SO' guy wire, 2 guy assemblies with torque bars, 3 concrete guy anchors and other miscellaneous hardware.
REGULAR PRICE $698.00 SALE PRICE 499.00
SA V£ $ 199. 00
50' Bracketed Tower M Deludes top section, 4 regulBr sections, bas^ plat@j rotor plate and universal house bracket.
REGULAR PRICE $430.00 SALE PRICE 299.00
SAVE $131.00
fts, 02155
TEL 1-617-391-3200
TUFTS ElecfronU Department Stor^„TUFTS
Drake "Dry" Dummy Loads— no oil required
S26.95
$53.00
Ma^l mo On4i* D 1-300
01^1
t^t i
iwH hii -^tk uf lj»ilrh ami. HtM IX I Ifi" i^h rl ■ Q I imiaWt 3 Ita li^Qfl
5ii'.4U err ^iiL LuniFiimiiii' in rry Mit H'-^iii inw' I:'. ■ lii r t J DO 1 1 r {], , ^ ] t<i,k. wl F I Eij HID f«
DRAKE PRICE LIST
ArtODEL
NUMBER MODEL DESCRIPTION
COMMUNICATIOMS ftECEWEf^S AHD ACCESSORIES
f242
T?40
OSH'2 VLf -HF Cgitil Synihesa^d SSa, AM. CW.
RTTY. IS;B LjbOfJiory CommiinH;#tiwH
fi7'/DR-7 0-30 MHi General Coverjige, DigJTil
POWf R SUPPLIES AND ACCESSORIES
1 50 1 AC^ Ponwr Supply for A -^1 ine. 1 1 0/220 V tS05 OC-4 T2 VDG hswer Supply for # fin* ie04 PS-3 Powftr Supply tor UV 3, 11 0/220 V
1502 PS-7 Power Supply for Tft-7, 1 1(1/320 V 1S2t FA 7 F4nfcH-PS-7^R-7/OL-tqOO LOW PASS AND HIGH PA5S TVl FILTERS
1605 TV42LP 100W |ja« Pass Filtirr
1608 TV-330OLP 1QO0W Low Paa Falier
1^03 TV-300HP High Pass Filter for 300 Ohm Twin Lead
1610 TV-7&KP High Pass Filter for 75 Ohm
ACCESSORY CBVSTALS
l>YStils fflf 2C/R4B/R4C/SW4A/
E PR4 A^ L2 /T4 X8 /T4 XC/T R4C/T R 4CW
Crystals for fixed frequancv opera lipn
of 1 unable units/2NT
Cryffals for TR22/TR32C
&YllMs f *W T R 72/T R33C
PRICE
$3400.00
|
Synthesized Receiver |
1449.00 |
||
|
1548 |
R-7/rR-7 |
Cable tntertacB Kit |
24.50 |
|
1&32 |
f^B-7A |
NoiSA Blanker for R-7 |
B0.D0 |
|
702 T |
SL-300 |
300 Hf CW FiltEf for 7-fim |
55.00 |
|
7022 |
SL-SOO |
5O0 Hz CW F.hET for 7^!irM! |
55,00 |
|
7023 |
SL-fBOO |
IBOO Hz RTTV Filtflr far 7-lme |
55.00 |
|
7036 |
SL-4000 |
4000 Hz AM Filter Tor R-7 |
5fi.00 |
|
7024 |
SL-GOOO |
6000 Hz AM Film for 7-llnB |
55.00 |
|
1531 |
MS- 7 |
Spf^ake^ fwr 7-iline |
39.00 |
|
1217 |
4-N6 |
NoiM Blanicflr for R-4C |
74.00 |
|
701T |
FL2S0 |
2S0 Hf CW Filter for R^4C |
55.00 |
|
?013 |
FL-500 |
5O0 Ha CW Filter for R^C |
55.00 |
|
7D1S |
FL-1500 |
150Q Hz RTTY Filter for R-4C |
55.00 |
|
7017 |
FL-4DO0 |
4000 H^ AM Filt&t forR-4C |
55,00 |
|
7019 |
FL-fifVV1 |
finno Hi AM filler (or R-4C |
5S.0O |
|
VHF- |
FW TRANSCEIVERS AMD ACCESSORIES |
||
|
T330 |
UMK-3 |
Rfin^Dte Trunk Kit (or UV-3 |
69.95 |
|
T339 |
-^ |
Extra Gantrol Head tor UV-3 |
00.00 |
|
1535 |
1525EM |
Encoder Microphone for y V-3 |
49.95 |
|
AMPLIFIERS |
|||
|
1528 |
L^J |
l60-1Sfn Amplifier, Potmr Supply |
1090.00 |
|
1578 |
t-7E |
T&O-tOm Amplifier^ Rower Sup<ply |
1090 00 |
|
ANTENNA TUNERS AND ACCE5;S0R|ES |
|||
|
1538 |
MN-7 |
2S0W. 160^ 10m Tuner |
175.00 |
|
1539 |
MN-270a |
2KW. 160'lOm Tuner |
269.00 |
|
1510 |
g-ioM |
4 1 Birlun for Mf^'7/IVIf4-2700 |
76 95 |
|
1533 |
CS-7 |
RerThoiE ConiToHed Ants^nn* Switch |
%mm |
|
!S14 |
WH-7 |
1J.54 MHf 20^^200/2000 Wdttm^ter |
mxm |
|
1 ^.^Q |
DL-300 |
300W Dummy Lo*d |
26.95 |
|
IB51 |
DL-100Q |
lOOOW Dummy Load |
53 .00 |
|
1529 |
FA-7 |
Fan for DL -TO00/TR-7/PS-7 |
29.00 |
|
HF TRANSCEIVERS AND ACCE?{.*vOFllES |
|||
|
1336 |
Tfr-7/DB : |
' D^ga^f HF trsn&Deiwei TfiO-IOm |
|
|
tr«-eives t 5-30MH|» |
? 1549.00 |
||
|
1537 |
NB-7 |
Noiie Biankef for T R-7 |
90.00 |
|
7021 |
SL-300 |
300 Hr CW Filter for 7-rin« |
55 00 |
|
7022 |
SL 5O0 |
SOOHiCW Filter tpr7-Nnfl |
55.00 |
|
7023 |
SL-ieoo |
taOO Hz HTTY Filler for 7^ine |
55.00 |
|
7024 |
SL-60D0 |
€000 Hz AM Filter for ?-lirw |
^UO |
|
1S3S |
AUK-7 |
Av^liary R^fi^s P"f curiam BovtS for TH-J |
|
|
ffor OUT oi bar^dcovera^) |
4S.0O |
||
|
IS4G |
RRM-7 |
Ran^gf Receive Modules |
B.50 |
|
IS47 |
nTM-7 |
Range Tranftceive h^dulei |
8,50 |
|
1529 |
FA-7 |
Fan tor TR-7/PS.7/OL- 1000 |
29.00 |
|
1338 |
flV'7 |
R*m&te VFOforTH-7 |
195.Q0 |
|
1S31 |
$m-7 |
Sjptttkerfor 7-1 tne |
39-00 |
|
1335 |
MMK-7 |
Mobib Mount for TR-7 |
49.95 |
|
7073 |
7073 |
Dynamic Mobile mlc, w/Pttiu TF?-7 |
24.50 |
|
7077 |
7077 |
Dynarnic Desk mjc. w/Plug TR-7 |
49.00 |
|
?037 |
7037 |
TR-7 Sflrtf*ceKjt |
so.oo |
1^.00 135.00
299,00 29,00
14,60 26.60 10.60 13.25
9.50
1D.S0 950
Drake L-7
2kW Lin«ir Amp4ifi«r
iQni iGOm covers^. 2k W PEP, TkW CW, RTTY. ESTV oi^wation - aH modes, full ralRtf iinpul. continuous duly cycle. Accurate builNn rf w«ttn)#tvr. wtlti forwird/reverse! ividi^ni{|i^ (1 t#i'tch t^eciwd. By-pvu switch- ms for smigi^t througH, to** poiyet opera^ tion wiihoui having to turn off amplifier. Bandpass tuned tnpul circuitry tor low dis- torilpn und 50 Ohm input Impedanct}. OpersiM from 120/240 Vac. 50/60 Hi priiFivary Itrw volUge.
TR7/DR7 TRANSCEIVER
DRAKE
111 trtn Dilt t-cw >e**n, usvmtt annttti^rr (r«rli- EurH and imenniQun ca-rMUmtwa tc bi '^iLHA^r- t, rrww T««iMni VMS tKTi>KfBwi«
at ifw MH«4«omBtt vm* nmnmmy W tMurw Wll
tK« iviuirinii tqiiltHnml rapnwnlH} mn Adv9n«*'
mini lr» e.ammwn'icMtiona tt^ttnala^^ w|tn mciCl
Tnt QfAhi* f AT TnnKalvit nv^BM» ■ wnfqiM
* product af tfht Onhc ''phYtnlnt mtwjtth OAk^t
K Mar En dolnq right" ehlloioFvhVi th« T FIT'S- rrurvy n«uu |*cJirilqutl itto t!ipmra:i\ttns\ raJEutAi cAttillM' Fnanl Aurti aiUM prediuckng pmtiarrT\*rir.w ind Eon- twnmtKK wtii£|ii wiEl ttrntat uii«B{jtii«4 ftrt ifMRy I la I
Drake UV 3
UHF VHF FMTrcnsceiver
• Fuliy iv"^^<^Sii£ed on each band, 5 kHz tispt^ distal resdoui
• FM covefdgt on ccwmolete 144, 220 arwJ 440 Amateur banck, ilepending on model purchased Conr^pleiielv band-iwitched tram front pdn>el.
• Four eKtr« diode programmable fixed chjrviFls. Mith 4ifhet^, tveifoble fo« e«cli bandf. m addition id tt^e TyntfiMjnf .
• PHCKle pro^ammible non-fiandaFtJ atfi«ti »vdd4l>le for each band,
• Separate SO-239 Antenni Connector for each bend
• Sc^n a P'Togriiit^Kfned (ixitd 0\M%nei Irom any lynihesijer fr«Quer<v. Sctn ^ny syncHesizer frequtncy from « pro grammeil fi:xed chinneL Scan a specific proBrimmfld fixed channel from unother pfogr«iTvnie<] fjjced channf^l,
UV 3 OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES:
• RemovabH control he^d will Ojoeratt TudfQ in irurik compartment from driver'! wet.
• P3'3 - comoanion #e power lupp^y.
• Drake 152&EM Encadir«g M^ke.
High Pas^ Fitters for TV Sets
provide more than 40 dB anefiuation at 52 MHz and lowet. Protect the fv set from antaieur transniitiefi 6-160 meters.
DRAKE TV-300-HP
Uodel No 1603
For 300 Ohm twiri le»d
eHv intiell^Yior^.
New Termirvali far
DRAKE TV-75'HP Model No. leio
For 75 Ohm iv coakiel cabEe; tv typs "¥*' eonnecion imuHed.
Low Pass Filters
for Transmittejri have four pi sections for sharp ciit off above the hf amateur bands and to aTtenuaie trartsmitier harmonics falltng in any tv channel and FiM band. 52 Ohm. SO 239 connectors built In.
DRAKE TV 3300LP
ftilodel No. IfiOa
ICX^OkV max. below 30 MH/. Aderru^iof^
tietter ^isn 80 dB Abcn^ 41 MHf Heipi
It t4 interftrerice. ^ vvaII a^ hirmonic
intErfsronce,
DRAKE TV 42 LP
Model No. 1605
A four iectioii 1 1 Iter deiigned with 43.2 MHj
CJjT-ott and oxtremetv high ittanuatnin in
ill tv channel l| for trensmitteri operating j|
30 MHf and lower. Rated 100W input,
P.O. Box 27, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-391-3200
TUFTS Electronic Department Storei.TUFTS
2 1 $299.95
AlVJTENNATUlViER
H«r« ifi a ntniv lunur iti^ puu inoi« power into your fioienn*. workt fmm 160m.-l0m^ Handles fuU (sga^ powirr ami th^n aomn^and' Wdrks wifh ccsax. -iin-gle wii« smJ (utfincecl timrs And it le» you tunt yp 4ithout 9?ing on the HT.
All luncn loi« uim« rt powey, mmlly in rhe indLJCt^n^t* cpil and the hiDlurr cord- To avoiH ihii wc swirched from No. T2 wirft for thi? main inductor to "4" eopik«tt tubif^ ft c*n CWTV t9l limes tbe rf cytnnt. And iwe'w momed ttw bs^un fnofn th« Output^ where il liitHHt TH!>inM K-Pi 111 dffsiqfi inipe(tanc8, fa lh(! input wrhere u dwdyi sfcrei. Thus morcr pgwer to vour antenna.
Ttw biqj^i pfolilefn with lunsn ti gettlrifi ihnm tun«d tip. With three kncitEE to tuiw qn vtmr trjncencf md Xtitte On rhc njrwt MVt ten «H»mls io do it ln^ th^ i/mtfiirtq m your rranscf^jvci manual) \bai'% 1 j iecond*i pm knoh. Wi? *i3viD 0 bBttm vvay. ti builT-m BQ phm rwiw tirklge that lets vchj ice th< tunitr conuoii without tr^ninnitling. And tt EiArtieh ttijii lets vou tun« yoi^ trjimmitti^r ■Tito a diimnny kMd, So yoy con (^ ttw wtiolf^ turxrup Mritiltout g^mg on t^ jtr. 5av« tihat lin^l; cut^ QI^M,
n
TEMPO
ih^ first in synthmi^ed
porr^fes grv& you
the broadest choice
af Th& iowest pries
^
^
*
. . HI the nfwr S&
The only ivnth«t»d hund-helti otiering
5 watti fMitpui (SifvilchBble lor t or &
watt opciaiionj
Tho same detMfldabilliv as the tirTie
proven 5 1- Drcuilty (Hal li«& tMee«
proven ill «?tone ttion m vniWwm fwun ol
operation
Heavy duly batiirry p3c)t
Telescoping whip ant^nnn.
Nicml U^li«ry pack, charger.
^Kterriiil rnicrophoriB caE>flhiEity<
|
PRICE LIST |
|
|
Tempo S-S |
$199 QQ |
|
Tempo 5-5 wittt touch tone pad |
339.00 |
|
12 Button touch to»i« pad |
|
|
(not InstaHedJ |
39.00 |
|
16 Button touch tone pad |
|
|
(not iniUlledJ |
4B.00 |
|
Tone burU gen«rator |
Z9.95 |
|
CTCSS iub-4u^t|»1e tone control |
29.95 |
|
RiJbb«r fieK antenna |
B.OO |
|
Leather holster |
16.00 |
|
Cigarette lighter plug mobile |
|
|
charging unit |
6,00 |
|
Matching 30 watt output MM VOC |
|
|
power amplifier (S30] |
19.00 |
|
Matchinf BO watt output |
|
|
power amplifier (5S0) |
149.00 |
|
Tempo S*Z |
34§.O0 |
|
Tempo S-2 with toucti tone pad |
399.00 |
|
Tempo S*i |
2S9.00 |
|
TeiTipo S-1 with touch tone pad |
2i9.00 |
^
^
^
ttw Tempo 5-2
Tempo Hi hm again. Thit time imih a i&upcrjar quality synthesirml 220 MHr hand- hDJH tran^fiuiwer, VVlth an S-2 in youf car or pHDcket yn-u can aim 220 MH? rvpeattrn^ thrtiughDut the US U ati^n tti th? ^dv^nc;- Ed cn^neerifig, pf«miiKn qijaStly cofrrpo nentk and evefiing f eaturci. at ifte $■■ 1 ^ The S-2 uffen 10D0 chanhei^K in jn CKirBmely Jightw^ighl but ruingt^iij daEff.
^
^
H youV^ not Of! 230 this il (he p^ttect way 10 flH itctitcd. Wrih the addition ol rhe S ?S r25W outpull 01 S 75 r^5W Quiiiut^ Tempo toiid fiate amplifief It bcomin a piwferfiil rmibtle <y taie ttaticm If you i^jw ! 220 WHj r^^ itie S-3 *itl add frMmndipus MTMfdjiv It* low price 'ndudrv ^ <«ternal iTucrophorte cjpahiiljiv, Keavy duty nJ-cad iMttury pack, charger, and lelcficoprng whip antenna.
Teinpo5-1
• Tfi-c tint and rnost thorough I v f'^'cl n.iited hantt-iield Kyntheil^erj radio LivatUktile. BOQ i:hjinn«lt in th? p,tlm of yftur hgnti
• Simoir to ofttvatM. lYoo dof»*t n««d a degrae *n compuref programmijig}.
• He«v duty tvittety ppcA alloim nkprc optf rating lime tketv»rc<fi char^«,
• EKt^rinal micruphonis tapaiiUltv
^
J^
J^
Jf
RX NOISE BRIDGE S55,00
Liirn ihe iniifh pboui foiir FInet rts rtritonani friiquency. Find, H i(i| X olf Pflianinqt.
FREQUENCY STANDARD $42.50
5 »a, iMm hM«'
iklt fef pnel nnl£li. CfyitH cnrtitiei.
k imt secmdifY frmuinirii itindl^rd. Squire Wi we Signal flKii hirmiinici uaabk fdim S kHi 14 513 MHi SMip ^ff Diut|ot.
pffifCi imivMteft (nirheti. Iftttry Optrited Nt line cortd. Sell cun lainf 0 baltEfy,
VLF COISIVERTER $59.95
^..-fsS*^
»pf Ri up trie wBfti ti fLf nAo OMveits VLF la fid m Fieri. For uic wn^ tn^ thinllMlive rrceivi^F covrrlnig 1.5 4 MHf. Advanced disli|n fnr ilmpieapet Allan, Mgh performance.
Bfvct fteepHin |il Ihc 1 7SiQ nuier bind, mil Mmrt npnulitfl riirteicoii. wwvi,
t. tiiiif bi«l4cixt ha«d
RF TRANSFORMER $42.50
Fill Z00« Hilt CW (5-lfw f&l
HatClwi 132 74. 2?. 11, 1?, 1. 5 «iim fiUcmD.
Fw ah vcrtt^ial} jind mcbile whFp airtennai. Smgnci Slit tligh^r efficiency RF lerrrte lornM core.
LOOP ANTENNA Loop Anrtpliff«r S67.50 Pluj-in loops $47.50 ea.
mue-in taofn;
■valaWt tir: ^
lEOIhieOOieMi ^
nesftp nc^
amiteut feaadtt 55fll6l»0Km
(Bukiticast Band) 1M550KHI
IV LF I75{lmfref bandi 4b'150 KHi
■t iflferte'tflce
500 W. RF TRANSFORMER S3S.00
Caovcmifit f iFilch lelectAA Df jifipfEJantie iipi. Snviii soc. High eff IctinEV. HFferrltetoraidcdrf.
IC KEYER $117,50
Sendi M#muJl Svmi Aiftomit^t. Full Aulamatic, Dot Memoiy. Dash Mfliiidry, Sqyft?« »ifa lamtMc Hart N'lfsris tfejn fay Dtl»T
^i^MkitliUEcaatact! teflSiM TIh
pnlcd putOt liuc> wff Amjie
fPii
Barttiry Operaleil. Iteify shicMtd ifie Mil
melalcflKT 3 lb. ili^lbasc
Bv itiF world's oidtti manvfaelurer af
CW FILTER $39.95
Ptff tfcrn II
tVCJW^IIlC fPHn UnM,
MNzlSindwidth. Elglil iMte C Iriter
ALL eANDS PREAMPLIFIER $8S,5D
BEAM BALUN $47.50
MODEL 2KBALUN $42.50
Tiinei IB id ^4 MHi C«vEri ALL imalBut DtndK 16(1 to & mtltn ALL liiortiNJivc brQjdcfsl tunds. fat nctttttM Am irtiiitmwi.
3 Kw CW, E Kw PEP iftpul jiowfff .
U bfill far r' bmm,
1.7 30MHL
1:1 Qr 41 ratidiviiUUi
Al itiinteis iltc^ h«^dwtrv.
M0DEL1KBALUNS22 50
3 Kw CW, & Kw PEP ttipifi pawir. Replacit anttf miudlar.
1.5 Kw CW. 3 Kw PFP input p«W«r.
t rso MHi 1:1ir4:ni»
* Ptpifittol
ilSd
PALOMAR ENGINEERS
P.O. Box 27, Meflfford,Mossachusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-391-3200
TUFTS Electronic Department Store .TUFTS
Tools, Parts. Accessories
Diagonal Pliers
Needle-Nose Pliers
$8.37
'&6CG
$6.60
$7.13
$8.27
^57CG
38,87
•m
*66CG
$7.48
pin**
Long-Nose Pliers
$7.33
F* UMIitCinal uNfirti tor inp.il ■> iftjiiir- r.ulli'iy
S6.85
■4TCG
tip^r-^rii i1 I '.A' i^vMi u.il
S7.92
'51C6
BT long r^ne D\t»n Atih
^
--%
$6.37
"S2CG
fi" iort^ ncmfl pfiera
XST-5 — Super~Tru Tip (phillips type) Screwdriver Set
Contains 5 pieces — aft PfitHips
$13.97
5^'
I
-3
$14.76
SDS-44 - Square Blade Screwdriver Set
Adjustable wrenches
^-ZLMit, '^Jsiti
Xf t'l itti ■. miiti -.1. >'■ rh.i /iii'iii-iri i»::
hi
N
$7,28
Wire strippers & Cutters
loo^x $2.63
Quality Coaxial Cable for All Applications
• LOW LOSS CABLE ♦ NON TARNISHING CONNECTORS • FACTORY ASSEMBLED, TESTED FOR 100% RELIABILITY
RG58/UType
PART MUMeER
DESCfflPTlON
581-583 »
S370
$4.10
!& i*ngin *iifi
on dOfh &Kf^
Ai^UCATlONS
3' l&ngirt wTh csn Doth ernj*
5' i«n^h M<in l/HF CB plug
fTioibiiie i E309* Mation Swn & po*er rTi«l«fft. an- tenna ■si*iirhea. tind EWH maichBra
S4J0
$4.99
56i-5ei?«
S4.99
$6.49*
1j?' lAngth wnni
20 mr^g\r\ vnTh UNF CB pkuQ
A. Spade lugi
on botfi fluids
$7-25
$929
$10.99
20' Iflngrh *ii:r* UHF CB plugs on iM^lh «ridi
K}%mi to con^c^cl mobilii CB WlB 10 irunk mirrcx QuTfBf or iHJmpfrr mounl
BG 58/U Type
RG 8/U Low Loss Type
RG 8/U Low Loss Type
U»4(l 10 oonneci matme CB set* to iivth moffQT
:intertna» requinr^ m UH^ R p\xtq lernipniqtipn Eo
iiiP> anlenna
5Q' length MPih UHF C8 p4t#gs on both ondft
?&■ longTh with UKF CB plugs on both «rtM
KKi' lertgih wif^ UHF CB pluqs
on borh en4»
S4:10
oescnpnQM
$8.5a
riiometer npible m requi' ed arid: -fignai itjs* is noi
561 ■050-4213
$14.99
5fll^?^-*?0
$22.50
$26.50
1' |i«ngtns wrifi UHF CB plugs an bolh «nds
APPUCATlONS
^' (Df>9rh wrth UKF CB plugs on bDih endA
75' Jen 1^1 h *(th UHF CB plugs gn bOflh e>r<ds
1^
UHF C& pii^a an tooth end-s
used » pjiich cof^ Idi morula and Das« srsiffxi SWJf^ And poASf irn«|«rs. ^irtl^nng ^^i^ilches & SWR
Ltsvl lo QonnvcT motriie Of l3«se statiorts mun ^n. tofiii^as rBt|uiring <a UHF CB plug titrrniniation ai jr» rtnsenns
U3*d ID connect b4$e siairqo CB His with tmse
anifrfinas Where tmi is crlncAl there? cablsi wjll out p«ftp|pi nG sa u cables or ih,e ^i^ne
W^m Cushiofi Grip Handles
H r I- 1,!, "ii;
Iv^liir I'^td^L-f H4I0
^101 -s $3.32
$10.08
•103-s S4, 12
104CG Wif^ Stripp<r and Cutter
^ilUf JCf"'-''- -■■'' ►*«!* IIP**? - ■■''"^^
LAB QUALITY CABLES
BNC Test Vottage
1500 vac; FVeqiiency: 0*4 GHZ; Impedance: 50 Ohms oommal; Cable Retention Force: 60 lbs minimum (RG-SSC/Ul
UHF Test Voltage
1500 vac; Frequency; 0-500 MHz; Impedances Non Con^ani; Cabie Rtiention Force: 60 lbs. minimum iRG-58C/U|
Sa Olini UHF Rug |o UHF Rug
Na.G&t No. 652 NCI.6&3
3 fm 10 feet
$ 6.S2 S 7 OS S a.34
SO ohm ^^C Pk^ to UHF Rug
Ha 6^7 No. fisa No. G5e
1 foat 3 le«i
& feet
S 7,20 $ 7JZ
£ e.24
SO Otwn BNC Rug to BNC Hug
|
No 668 |
3 feet |
S 8J1 |
|
Nd.fi62 |
5 feet |
S 343 |
|
N4,66G |
lOfHt |
S1<>J3 |
P.O. Box 27. MedfordfMassochusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-39J-3200
TUFTS Electronic Department Store.TUFTS
Panasonic
S 179.00
Panasonic RF-2200
Internationa! Band
Eight-band worldwide shortwave radio. AC or battery power, Indudes AM, FM an.d ^ix short- )fliB\te band&. Combination 2<na9e selectivity and AFC swiich. RF gair^ control. Separate bass, treble, and volumG conirols, FM/SW teiescoping afiterinas. Four "D" batteries, AC power cord, and earphone included.
S239.0Q
Command Series RF-2500
Six-taand portabfe shortwave radio with all-band, ftve-digit fluorescent frequency display - SW frequencies from 3.9-28 MHz. FM/AM radio. Battery /sign a I strengfth meter. AFC on FM, RF gain control, 4" dynamic speaker. Comes with AC power cord, shoulder belt and earphone. Operates on 6 "D" batteries (not included).
$249.00
Command Series RF-2900
Portable 5-bar^d shortwave radio, Five<ligil fluorescent displav. SW from 3,2 to 30 MHz. BF gain COmroL BFO pitch conirol. Comes with AC power cord, shoulder belt, dial hood and earphone. Operates on 6 "O*' batteries (not inclijded).
Command Series RF-4900
Ten*band communications receiver with Bndigit, all-band fluorescent diiplav. SW from 1.6 to 30 MH?. FM and AM frequencies. FET RF amplifier. BFO pitch control, RF gain control. Comes with earphone, AC power cord and headphone converter. Operates on 8 "D'* botterfes (not included).
EKantronics
Our smart machine reads sloppy copy.
Drake R^7 / DR-7
Svi^tHeiiziyci, G^nsraj Covorsge Re<:'BJvor
DRAKE
S«e back cover tor ipectalf I
with y (j^^>~n&a^lllty (PTO^ for smooth.
Fully lyfithe&lzcci
tuned o^dKator
continuous tiuFi.ing^
Qo'wrs complete ran^ 0~3Q VHz_ Both
digital snd VHhjg retdoui.
SfKcuil lew dittortiDn "si^rvchro-jGriuH''
AM dcri^ctor provii5» tuperidr inier^
nitiortal (hortvvavi^ hroadcait receptlcm.
Tunable \f nolcli filrer eff^alvsly
I'&ducH Iretefcdyrte intef^ereJice from
neAfitf iCAiiorts.
Mutn^furtctJan atiMnna setectprySO Dhm
s^itlft I* fMrhch-trl«cleft from tht front
$1449 00
fHkiml, ProvMles simullaneoiA tftiiil ncetm with the TR-7, mil(,irig poiiible iht receptiqn af two different tr#crijenclei iit the same tim&,
Built-in power lupply opirrAles fram 1W, 170. 300. 140 Vk, 50/60 Hi, or riominai t3£Vdc.
M<UCtl rt^QHEfill
NEW! INCLUDES 24-hour UTC Clock 110 and 300 baud ASCII, St tuning eye!
Kantronl
iFielcl Day
®
$^9,00
If someone tells you they offer the same features we do, check them out with the list below.
See tjacic cover for speciaU!
YAESU
i
FRG7000
$599. CM)
Morse copying ablffty 3 to 80 WPM Morse range Computer programs for improving sloppy Morse Radioteletype copying ability ^60, 67.75 and 100 WPM Baudot ASCII radloteletype ability - 110 and 300 WPM baud
Copies any shift of RTTY 24-hour UTC clock available in any mode Erttire unit contained Jn one package Automatic code-speed tracking
Fyll lO-characier, laroe-size display
Difptsys code speed Tuning aye for faster tuning
Full year limited warranty Internal speaker Requires* no TV sat for use Advanced demodu- lator circuits lr>ternal 200 H2 bandVvidth filter AM leters, numbers ar>d punctuation plus special Morse charHcters and 5 special RTTY characters
Digital Dfiplav Cammiinicstioni Reccivor with CPU Dtgitdl Cl(}ck 4n<i Tkrtar • 0.35Thry39.9MH£CoiffirB^ v^ffth lfcH^ Readoul
lutn sfc brminht togerher in if)t FnG-7OO0. i: dig[i1al^ti.piav ^ermrai cow^rige r*ceiiir«r lot th« disci iiTiinatJnf SWL. The li^gital clock jnd limer, conirollGdl bv a CPU (Central Processing Unit) ch<p, «viJI read oul l.iolh local and GMT tlmif, and wilt i;antrc?l EWfiph«ral fiitiCNi ec|u>t;rTiG!ffit such as a tape rteord#f^
FRG7
$299.00
Gftkeral Cav«rage Recfliv«r
« 0.5-299 MHf Cofttiqt #ith 10 kHi
FCeadbuf The FRG7 rt * pt^OviQn-tiuiH an-purpo^ cnmmunuiafticim r?ce«K«r. featuring ill ioi>ii INI* canmuctiCKi tm loftg («fe ifld high fter f 01 manciT. Uillljfingi the Wadlty Loo|i drift cancirllation tysTiirn, In co/tjtirJCFrfin WMh ji triple L:x>r>'vt^(tit)n lupcrKtieJ-odyn. Ciitiiiit. the FRG'7 tiomti h^fh «ensitivilv along with ««c9<i&nt itibiRt^
® KENWOOD
^T^ . . .ffitfi.wttt't itt amtttrtif f taint
WTOtft
$499.00 Kenwood R 1DO0
Th« R 1000 11 J njghlv' adaarmct communi cjftictm recerver. Up-ccfweriion. PLL cir cuitrv *fKl fPffier rmm tedtmolog>f provider Optimum wntiiivitY. scleciiviiv, and iti bill I V 1'ronn 200 kHz to 30 MH/ F^atunni^ ^Aiyia-opctMii single kfTOb tun i rig Rpiii digital fr|fq>uitni:v dliplay^ ilt'f perfect for lt(,t<!ning to vhoffwave. medtium-wave, and ktn^wwn. ti4nck_ Evtn £iSB tionali jra rttrnved perfectly. Included ri a ciuaru dkCjKta^ dock «nd ttnwr
■1000 FEATURES:
CoritFr^uoui fref|uervcv ei0vtt4§t
?00kHjio30MH/
30 haneb, e«eh 1 MHi MnHift-
Fjvt^igit frequenCY dnfilvy 4rsd iflumi
nated anjIOQ dial
Ouan? difliTil cicurk and ON/OFF timor,
lyiuiti-madHs . AM (wicte imi narrewli,
SSB (USB jnd LSei, #nd CW.
Three if hltBTs ... 2 J ItHf tw SSE jmi
CW, &i> kHt for AM nmrwt, «n^ \Z kHi
lot AM wMSt.
Elt«ctiw n0't<te blanker^ built -in spealter,
|fir« tntanna terminjli. rf if^ti attenuii
for, tone ErantroL rfit;nrdlng tnfminaJ.
Rifmors tflrminal. far accu-sa to tinier
riiay QNfQff circiitf and mutiing cirduil
SSB ^icmnitvirf of O.S nV trom 2 to
30 MHf.
Mwe thftn €0 dQ IF imj^fatict
More rhan 70 d@ IF infect iofi
P.O. Box 27, Medford, Massachusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-391-3200
TUFTS Electronic Department SloreTUFTS
$299.00
BEARCAT 220
AiTcr¥*f . Mannt, Rubric Sprrpce Th# 220 jaddi faitum imd ndnunc^ lopfiiiticatiafi. Aircraft ajjd: Marin# — press tniitori m sfisrch eniirA Aircrafr Band, onaiher for Marine
7 Binite-Low, High, U^JF. UHF-T, 2n> trnfteur end 75 CM Ham - plm. the AafumH Bund!
20 DtinnEH — tan it^ lo 20 fr«qucnc»«f or tfither of two tkinlts of 10 channvtt each
Automatic Seifch - Selective Scarj Otlay - AulornBt^c Lgnk-Oul - Patented Track Tuning - fM^nuaJ Scan Contrt^ — Skug/l* Anienfu
Prrpritv - *utocn»tJciMv 9mp4et dn(f ridtf!^ channel ffVB'v two ircontjn AC/DC apftCftt^Dn
Ot>
BEARCAT 300 *429,95
5«rvic« Svfli eh
Ow*r 2100 pn-pfogMinmed fritqueficin,
• 11 Sef^fice Searcti catogorips nr range stored frequencies into "intcreit''* groups - PqUcp. Fire. Miiine. HAM, Emetgcncv. Trlephone. Gov^Atnecii^ Forestry. Indiff- Tftol. TinmportAtkin md Aircraft.
• SO Ounnett/S tundt
■ 7 Bands I Low & Hi#i VHF. UNr=. and UHF-T^ AM Aircraft. 2m St ?S CM ArriBtfliirf
• Non¥Dlitile memory, AC/DC
• AutafTUHtc Search wiih Hold & J^vajma lunctront
• PneniiHd SftectJVirScui Deity
• Vacuun FlijorvfCfnt DecirtiAi^fiplav with Dimmer Control
• Spfled Control
• Quartz Ctock
• Pitented Track Tuning
• DiTEti. Diacvnel Acces
• AuiDmatiiC S^ueletti
^i
^\
$143 S5
UAMCAT '
FOUR-SIX
TKINSCMI^
More hands, mar e chAnntit — more Kannmy eai^abili^tiet than athsr Hand H^sldi.
• 4 a*ntli (Low, High, UHF and UHF T]
• 6 Channel - moft rTKHihoriD^ capat^ity
• ^'^l^utriKf Due Jiv" Antenna
• ^It Clip tr«es hands whrle monitoring « 8 c^tannels per «ca<vd ican ifived
• Auhsfnatte or rnsri'Ual tcanning ■ Individual chanrtel lock-ouit
• Poi 1 able — weighs only 12 ouncEi
• Baitery operated {6 Vdc)
$ 1 99.95
BEARCAT 210 Tha one thai pioneered lyntheiized scanminQ - and unlocks ihw channels of ccum m u nicatic»n«
• ^kJ it^mii. to buy - full S-btndtsMtmaqit.
* Kevcnard piogfamming maltei freqtKncy fekction d easy at puruLhirbg Ji pufh^ button lelephOfV,
• Decimal tti'ipfav and exclusive rolling z^roi TO sr>ow whiii'i beina program med- and monitored,
* Auinmatic vt^it^ lor firnlirtg naw tret)uenci«.
PUMCHES THROUOM LOW and CLEAR
|ii:i.t:t
Only $17S.OO
Cohra 2aGTL ^scogntiwl Induiiry Standard
Ctift'Hi'i mci»!t p«pul»F Cl^ motjilfr — in* ' Trwckoi^ cndiCi"' « Delia lune ■ QfnmVin* » *,m*r\r\» trarmns ^deataf • lltyimjnat«4 $ RF'SWR mvfer * SpitcttabHr autdmiiiit
Cobra
7BX OtoUar
Only 3pS 9i9^
Tii% to tn* tie^i sf in«n» wiin inim vfvnomir-sTie^
eco^Cfny-t3-flC'i<d CB ■ Large tllufnuFialed (unidg dial * SerfrlNy^ iquelari cc-nlrcJi • Full rervg* ^Qiit^me cctiifoI " PA licK + Le^il maximufn la-Ulput o1 'flur friitt
3 © ^ ^ VIJ
Only
$124.95
Ceibtm 2S(jTL FuM Fec$uie CompKt
Only $96.00
Cotin 31<jTL ComiTtand PerfDrman«i"'Mmi" Slu Has all iriu boBi' Id pu<ic»i lh^oug'1 iuucl and LJaar ■ DigllMJ LED cfiannv) di-sfi-ia^ • ' DYnjiMiika « SHitcha^if avSpniBlic nooe linul^n^ • Iilumi4ip]e{] S'HF Met^^ v.nc] fnueli RMsm
Th« Cckbti3 IIOGTL fi»kU« '^raa fou RHnumiin disiaikee Willi 13 full wqni ol pe«»«t. jg^ quieter
bond* h peH*ei mofe:)! let iSieCobte 142GTLJ S249^95
Only $353.95
Coium A42CTI CB Base StMka
T)t4^ COBRA 142GTL SSJl ,^\>t H<9ik> StalK>ri 1a fof CB wfs
who iwcml' evUp diBSancv. Fult L2 wQ^i^ a\ po'v^et , nuiplei commyniAiiJ^na due to ^IimiinaUan Df AM 'i^LuiE«." and E20 civanoeli — SDoJ Uiem do ekfe^bond
base stations
CB Anl«nnss
AV-101 ASTRO PLANE" — Patented perform^ ance B&st vaJue avaiiAl>)ft todsy in ah omni d^rec- li&rha] b^5& aritenrta ^mj q^
AV^t22 PDL 11" — Patented design dual poiafily antenna with Drtiltai gamma matcti Light weight and long range communLcal^onf In a beam anienna- Five eieiTkanis on each polarity. SI 99 95
AV'UO MOONRAKER* — America S most pOflutar and most imktaled CB antenna design ifi a dual polarity beam Includes cast aii^mFnumi hubs, stainless sieel tip y^ires and many oih^r Avantt
quaMty features $51S.95
AV*1*6 MOONRAKER* — Kihg Of CB antennas. An the quality feati^tes dI Arantii Moonf aker 4 plua the cx^sive ^-iti^f boom support that proittcts 4!|i|iril)n!^trijctura] failures comrmiri to com- ^T^iiper big t>eam antennas^. S99 9S
50 ASTRO 8EAM ' — Big power in a smaJI l^^kage. Unprecedenied 4G dB froni-to-bsck ralJo three element vertical beam.
160 RAMftOD'* — The versatile all purpose antenn>a * CB • low Of fMgh band Business radio • shon ^ave listening • monitor • TV-FM * civil defense * amateur • aircraM * msuine • encp^r^rnen-
ting < a no nonsense full 1/2 wav# antenna that is fully ad|ustflble Irom 2& lo 175 MHz {adjustment chart provided}. ^^Q QR
AV-tTO STGIIA W" — Second generalion ^S wave wiin incredibly low S W.R . S 14 dBi qa\n. New ^taUc arresror system Easy mstailatiort. New H D mouniing lube. Aircraft quaHty aluminum. I^ew tow price. Sa9.95
AV'19Q SATURN" — New scienlifjc breakthroygh. Now vertical and horiztmtal polarity in ai^ Offinl dlrectionaJ antenna Stmng, itm^ dieiance power in a unique dual polajiiy destgn. Unsurpassed om- ni power flain and SWn charactenslics Static ar- fats tor systerri for clearest possible com^umcar lions in atl weathe^r conditions. Easy assembly — aero space liQht, Ngh strength conaUucflon tested to wdftsland years o1 wind and ^e airier SwitchlMii t'nciuded £199 95
Tri^Batfd Monitor Antsnm
AV-S01 ASTROSCAN' — ApatefiledTr^4}and base monitor design with no compromises Uamatchad gain over the whole tri-band range Irom 25 MHz to 512 MHz, including the new 'T" band. Aerospace light conslriiciion oi aircra.fl Qualtiy aiiuminum and stainless sleel is welt balanced on (he mast to wiinstand years of severe wir^ artd weatFter
S34,95
P.O. Box 27, Meiffforil,Mossachusetts, 02155
TEL I-617-39I-3200
TUFTS Eleitronii Department Store TUFTS
OMNI
TEN -TEC. INC.
OMNI-S«n«iC,
OMNI mcNH tiqldlv fonvird to meci ttie rvw dveads. Witti new feitur^. n«w cort- fefiienco. fittw titdNmqus. and rmw bjmd corveragt. FuH «n«tu«f band covtrap horn ISO ittroijgh 10 n^rtvi^ With iti new hf ctptbihir, OMNI C covws alf six of the pretimT hf bandi and all ihree of the ruiw hf handf Cryitdli are tupplwd for seven bincK tcryital^ far IS and 7A.E MHz bgnda Will be available wh&r\ the b^ndi ar? readyl'. New built-in noDG blanker is lUndard squ4pmi3fiT in |t» QMNII-C, A nflw fktiQn with a l-polt rm>nohth*c cryittfl flHtr to handle the hig iign»li with one, lo reijlte impoaibta locMiom uub^. Hwm "Hv^" AGC 9m imoa\tim OQamian, tesa obriMii acfiofi.
McHlel 255 — DduxB PtMnr Suppiv/ SfkMief C«fnbinv«ig«l^ lncjud« the Blectronia of Model 280 Hipplv P^ui ■ huilT-iti 3^" k 5" front facing
570
Caolury ai (570)
Novka Exclusivs
Purchase your Ceniiiry ?t 570 from' ua anEf
have UP ID one y«ar to apply tt^ futi
Dufctuia« price towards a Ten-^Tec nKKtel
\i\ yiDur chcHce when you upgrads your
MOOCL I<3 - Remot* VFO
A dupticite of the OMNI VFQ, Model 243 VFD. li housed in a mjitchl'ng ervclosurir and providps G modes of dual frequency i^perS' tion, LEDl indkate SelACtion of any of six modes of operation OMNt trdn&miit and fiiEeiw. RCMCTTE trinimii and r«;«iwe^ OMNI tr*nimii -REMOTE receive. RE MOTE tr*tfitik-OMNI rtcoiTe. OMNI tram- mit-both racKve, ar REMOTE trtnunit- both rtCRve. Full break -Jn is retained in an modn Freguancy Finigt and aCCuTiCv \ck The ume m OMNI,
In addition to the remote VFQ capabilicy, Model 243 also hai a 4'^poiition crySTal Qsclllaitor for fixed rr«qijL^ncv Dptrbtion. Oui-of-banrf crystal froqunecjes (with lome |jmitaticrti|i niay ^ used as vvejl as any n- band aniJtHur frequ£n<:ifi,
MoC^I 243con>B with conmcting cibl*. I<» cfysfeili. PowiH- is obtaifwd frorn the OMNI system. Scfniqofxhjctors: § tranitnorf. S diockK. B LEiDi. SIZE HWP 5H m 0>^ k 0, wt. 3lbi.
&'
©t^e y
DELTA — TrMii«aiv«4
DELTA ii Ihc namp of a frait n«w TEM- TEC trafMceiver. All 9 HF tiands. Firii new rig 1^1 nee WARC. 1§0ni through 10^ including th^ n&w 10, IB and 24.5 MHr hand&l With fjViMVihIng incorfiftrHlifd except ihi? filug-in cryitali for 18 jnd 24,5 MHi ■UKirnenl& (jvailiaible whan \m\^\ open to amatcursl. No receiver ho^ni end or tinal^ gmptifier ad|uftments. Ffom th« pionttr m brcsad- band design. 200 Wans input on mU bands incJuchng lOm Iwnh 50 dhm lo^). Hi^ SWR doB not autofnattcvlly limrt output m a fpw watts. With 4 prpvpn, coniervatii^y rated fin.al amplifier who«e soTid state output devices arir liiHy warxantetl ihe \\t\\ year and prorata waif anted for an addi- tioniil IwB yesri. H^e all the optiiCJ]^^ you could wsnt. VJodol 289 Nctiiic Slanl<€r. Modd 282 200 H? CW Filter. Model 285 500 hrz CW FiFm. Mode! 2S3 Remove VFO. Moiler 7Q7 Mobili Mount. Model 2ft) fSA PtMfV Supply with over-currmnt and oinr- voltage proteaion. Oifker matchirvg acca- SOfitf induct Model 64S Oy^ Paddie Kryet. Modtl ^0 Slnglr Paddle Keyer. Model 247 Axitefma Ixxtitn. Model 234/2? 4 Spee^^ PfOMswf and Mifcophone. Modeh 215P and ZISP'C Ceramic Microphorwi, Model 253MO Ptower Supply,
MOO £L 230 - Ou*a Primary fNwwet SupcMy
ICltal for powtring ttie DELTA or OMNI
tranicelwers on wlher 115 or 230 VAC, 50-60 Hi, Eas,vto chugno for<!i!her primary vD^^Eju. Roguldled output, oV'Br-vaJta^B and mviisr'-CLirrent prptocted, end can \m switched from trAnrsceiver or power suppliy Styled ID rnaich DELTA ami OMN I coforii,
MODEL 210 — Power Supply
Di,' I Ivors up to 16 Wfltl^, sufficient for the 515. 117 VAC, SO 60 Hj input, 13 VDC, ±0.& V. 1.2 A. DuipuT. Solid ftalt. Finish fnaichei 515.
MODEL 20GA - Pi^wid Crystal C<libr«tor
Companiian to The 515, but ufttfiil with any racoivJng system. 25 and 100 kHz funda^ mwitfll with harmonics into the VHF region, Pulifld Dutpijt lor easy identUtc^tion. Pamnted by the 5tS or any ^M VOC 'sourca, Finisfi matchei the SIS.
MODEL Z08A - CW Fiti»r^iri»b1e Notch Filter.
CW filter has S-poiition bandvvidth fwitch, 450, 300, Qr 150 Hs!. cantered it 750 Hi; "off" position removes hker from circuit. Variably noLCh hllir i\ effective over rar>ge of 700 H? to 3.5 kHi with a ikpth down to 50 dS or more. Togeiher these tiltart offer sup«t» defense againtt unwanied lit^al^, alkmr op^otiofl under mo(i advert
COfMJiTloni.
MODEL ero - S^gle P«ddle Etedfonk tCayar
y««« transistor iwiichlng and it powered through the OMNI lyttem. Spetd 6-50 wpm. Sri Fncomple ting chavacten-. Preset weigh ling fof opfirmjm artkuiatiOA ui the mtnt Mt<^ speed r«>||ir (dit length moeased appffoii. 10% at 20 wpmk
HERCULES 444
All Sotid^Staxa KW Linaar Am^diar No tubn, no itfning, lull covarage: tQO- 15m, bflf>di Matched from OMNI panel or linear, initant break-In. tOOD Watii Input, all bandi, 600 Warn output, typitdL Forced air cooling, automjitic line voltago corrtction^ automatic exciter by -pass, black- out rrwter panal, 6 statui inonitoin with LEDs. Two marars - f^llacttf £urf-eni and voiltage - forwiird ^<ty& renana power. Nega thHf ALC woltigt, *diust*bl*„ &u*lt in control power siqiply. Tape wound irar^ofn^er and dwke in^ teperite pow« sutiply. 117/ 230 VAC,Stvl*f to mmc^ OMNI.
MODEL 247 - Antenna Tunar,
Match^ 30 ohm ui-Fbalanced output ol OMNI iQ varieiy of b^tanc^ or unbalanced amtfaia im|]ada<^c«L. Univftial Tranpcnatth drcyji. 4&-lap jinducbir alkmn —niier adiustfwtenrt^ 2130 warts HitifmittBiEt. 100 watti oantinuiHB,
MODEL 217 500 Hi B Polo Crystal Ljid
dor CW Fiittr
MODEL ^tB - t:8 kHz fl^Polfl Crystal Ladder SSa Filter.
AiODEL 219 - 250 H? 6^ Pole Dyftai Udder CW Filter
MOPELS 215P ind 21BPC - Mkrophontt CflrBTY^ic types for hiand hg^d or desk top Operation. Include cable, S-^ircuii plutj, PIT twitch, and Kparate desk ttand. Offev opti- fWMim aftioilation, firae of pownr peakf^ imp^rvKjus to tnmiperattEra m*^ hixnidflty chaiiige^. Higtr impeda^icc. 200-4000 >^f response: -50 dB 1e^: die £tti fine and Cycoiac; 6%1vj 4' cable, lin^ cofiductor shielded, two co^nducEOrt unthirrMed. Si^ir^ cull phone pluq ifjcluded. 315P hai 4' regular cshk ; 2 1 &PC hai4' cniled triKh\<s,,
Argonaut 515 — QF^ Tranl^var
Totatir sohd tute. Ml band 3^. 7. r*. 2 1 . and 28 MHi topt»onat cryitakl for ^-30 MHzh 10m hind runv in tgui 5O0 kHf fegrnentf fot qi eater bandspieod Improved recciyet s?niltiwity; 0-3SuV for TO dB S+N/'N, max, Four-paliit 9 AflH/ cfy'ta' filter, 2.4 kHi Bandwidth, 1.7 iKape factor. New heterodyne VFO with r»ew permeatjiii ty tuned OK^iilator for mw frfquency eali brat ion acctiracy. Oirea frequency nddout with new dui points lero lei. VyWV receiM at 10 aTfd 1& MHi. Offitt receiver tuning Mnth new LEO mdicatoc. ReoeiiFa- nAonatp conttol.^ New des^ no-tune bn>adb>arid final amplifief . New LEO rf outjHii inditaic^ flaniiei on 2 WsTt iKiice p«k(. PTT.
MODEL 645 DuaJ Paddk Elaclnnic Keyer The 645 kcycr uia iiam<eftDr vwitchitig and kk poMnrtd by the tramceiwp'. Adjustable magnetic paddle ratum, Paddle force 5-SO (Ftis- Speed 6-50 wpm Weighting r«tio| 50-150% pf clanica^ dit litngth. Self com pleting cfinracieri.. Dit and {Jali meniuria^j with defeat iw itches. Torque driv^ paddles wvith 4 ball heurir^f] pivots. Powered throutih
the OMNI lystem
MODELS 2 14/234 ^ Spaedi PiooKior and Microphone
Extend ^ operating ran^ ot nb trans motors under adVL'riid and iovi^ propegation condi tioni. Converts audb signal into ssb signal, dips and proccucs it through 4-iKi!e mono liiltic iiltar for ^^eatar jwragt envekjrv powea and oonverts fignaf back into auu Adjutiyria lawlli ot processing aitd outr ■' phrs drable nAritch and pasband adfustmeri; Powered through the OMNI tvTtam or by calculator type ptug-rn AC oiidapfer whictv lupplics \7 VDC @ 75 mA. Model 214 Elecrroi IWicfDphoniB is designed specific^ily to be used with Mod&l 234 Processor,
MODEL DESCRIPTION
ACCESSORIES
206A Ciyital Cal^b* Jivi
20aA NQtctir'OV Rtw to' U^K^ 51$
212 Ovital.fofModi^ 515,29.0-29 5 WKr
711 Dvstai. for Model 515. 29.5-JD 0 MH?
2 14 i lecTrvt MicFDfihDna for Model 234
2 1 5P M^ci Dj^one, Car amrc with plug
21 5PC Microphone, CnT^rnic WHth plug and coil cord
?1 7 600 Hz a Polo Ludder Filtor, for MadHi 54&/546
im 1 a kHz a PoPc Ladder FilteT, fof Mi>d«is 545/546
2 1 B 250 H J e Po le Laddit Fi I ter J or M o. la k Sd 5/54«
21A Spirech PraamQir
243 Remote VFO , for ModnH 545 546
247 Antenna Turw
24S Noi«a Bl«kar , tw Mocteti S45/54i
273 Ciyiiat. f^ Model 5 70. 28.5-29 J>
275 Dyital Caftbrator. ror Model ^70
f ?7 Anteniia Tunet /S/VR Brtdge. loi MIodel 570
292 250 Hr G Pali Laddir Filter, ttH^ Mqdirl 530
233 Remoti' VFO, fot Model 530
ZeS 600 \\f e Palu L^ddm Filter, for [Wtidei 5 BO
2d7 iVlot^ile Mpunr, \m Mmlei 580
?83 Noi^ e Canker, tor Modet 590
POWER SUPPLIES
J to n? VAC 13 VDC. 1A
7fO/E $«maaiM0dEf :M0. hot tlS.'Z^VAC
2SS Pehis«, tt7VAC, 13 5 VDC. 1 e A with 3** K S*
380 11?.'330 VAC T3 5VDC. 1BA
LI liEAH AMPLIFIERS
441 Meiicules, 1 kW w.ih 1 15/230 VAC Powsr Suppfy
TRANSCEIVERS
516 Af^onaur, 6W, SSB/CW, 3.5^30IWM£
145 OMN i A. Anatog, Series 0 , SSB/CW. 1 B-30 MHi
546 OMNI P. Digital. S«riei C. SSB/CW, 1 J-30 MHf
570 C(?niury .'? 1 . 7D W CW. 3.5-29 MH f
SaO DELTA, 3O0 W SSB/CW, 1 .fl-JO MH*
KEvEns
645 UHrjrnirK, Dupi Pwktla
670 Single Paddk Kevef
PRICE
S 'h^m 39.00
5.00
sm
39X)0 29-50
34 50 SB.OO 55,00 50 J» 124.00 I3di]d
aaoo
4^.00
5iM)
23110
85^
50 OQ
179,00
45.00
TBA
$ 3S.0O
S 34J0O
39X10
I69J30
i3ii»
$1576.00
% 429JP0 !M9.00
nag 00
649i»
I BSJOO 34 Ki
P.O.Box 27, Medford, Massochusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-391-3200
TUFTS Electronic Deportment Stor^TUFTS
FIMCO BTlNBEir
VHF/UHF Antennas
On this page Tufts brings you . FincoS Tinker Hitachi Ham-Key Ai fiance
^o) EnJiiX§S^^CP
lOtlH .>*]rJIIJ
ELECTHICAt-
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SLINKVr S43.95 Kit A LOT ol •r^t^nna in a LtTTLE tpactt New a^irihv®dipcilfi'' whh he Heal looking rddjatas a good signoi at 1/10 vwiM^kength langl
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>«HLMk ii!iL>l4l (.« ,4,,rt.,.
This efectficallv smaM 80/75, 40 £d 20 meter antenna operates at |anv length from 2*3 to 70 ft. •no e)^tta baiuii or trsinsmBtch n^^dad • portable - ore^is & stores in |minutB£ • smaill enoug^t to fit in attic or apt- •full l«gal power • lOvv SWR over complete 80/75, 40 fir 20 m«ter bands • much loi'u^r atm'Osph^ic notse pick-up than a vertical & ne^'ds no radial^ ^ kit mcl, 3 pr. of spec^ially-rnade !4" diai bv ^" long coils, con- raining 335 fti^ of radiating con- Iductor^ taaJun, 50 ft RG58/U coax, P 1-259 connector, nylon rope & manuaL
HAM-KCY
Model HK-3M
RADIO TELEGRAPH SENDING DEVICES
Model HK4
f«fl95
19
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I Id MlUlli IH I
M<)>|Hl AT • H#Tll t^ Mflfl^F* •I'V MiUlllFP^.UlT '^1^ ] lis ■'PR JW
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ai m**
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HK. J M^ «c HK t luP itm !■■■ Nt* Jtt^nmamtamin
Model HK-5A Electronic Keyer
[:rimiiiri.i1>iii'r Htt 1 Jl' HK 'i nn iiii<T* Imw
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' SvM CDIipaJPMI-U Him 4 t<<^«ii ■ I^MPRII. ^-IplUlliH. CDIM Hi •TilUtl
' D4»l Hi llMll mini [HI- KIHIIhilli nh lirrani ^fiirl
' Buill i>T l1lt»1ilHH ■ Xifr #<i1li l-l'H, 1 or KK *
$219.95
MODEL FLt
FreCiueciCV — Agile Audio Fihtir The DatiOn!^ Froi^uoncy 'Agile Audio Filter is intended pnnsmWy for poEt-di^Tecrtcr f^ignal fillerirHg in RF and LF comniuniuiiont receivers foi SSB and CW. It otfeF^ an uniflualJv irfi'Uiile com^rurtion of benefitv til tl^ uKf rndcidrrtf-
Fisf Hie SSS CHicniEH:
* F^i dutci^dipc lupfP'ssBOfi of mtzifnixf^ hreterodyn« wtiiitjei iin the tm^qs 280- 30O0 H; by a unique W4rdh-lock-j)nid- track nutdh (iltcf , Th* frucking notctt cart be left in circuit with no audible effect until i wJiistIf appears In whicfi case The whistjfl Will 'qJisappijaf' within tVPJ- iipjiv one urcatid,
• A contmuouily adjusiatjle audio 'win- dow' Of I >driflt»te-widiti noici^ to im- prove reception in the prie^me oi other otttu4w S5B. RTTY or 5STV li^nali.
Fbf the CW DpaTslcir :
* Cpntinuoui^v nrtAtrie ctfnlM'fmfuericv 1280-3000 Hl^ ami bafidwidth 12^ 1000 Hjt fcH perfcci rnatdhuii^ of nec^wer psssband io dvan^g band conditktfii. sending ipsfMfl^. and pertonai preference.
■ Flat-mpfped, neep skirted rirsponte ihtpe for opiimum c^ase of luning canibLEi^ii with eKceLltfnt not&e rejects on.
• Linear tuning law with bindwirfth inde- pendent Qf frnqLicncy ind gain indepen- dent of hand width for natyral 'fe^r,
P.O. Box 27, Medford.Mossachusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-391-3200
TUFTS Electronk Department Store.TUFTS
JAN EL
LABORATORIES
^Sf
far 6 Metar Ttanict^vms
CLASSIC 2 METER PREAMP
figure sciCMit tm Mi ti^«| Eairity MCftcafcif ^' ' • u
QSA5 PREAMP
For Transceivers
'^mtm^wic
MODEL
30PB
bOPB
b3PB
I3^PB
t44PB
PM-1
0SA5
QSA6
7?nPB
^ JPA
432PC
<32PE
PB
DESCRIPTION t*RJCE PREAMra
B0-5?MHr|BNCI 5195
62''S4 lylHHBNC) 21^95
!3S-139MHiJHNC| ^195
1*4-148 MHz IBNCI ^t^B
2ni Prurnp Moduk { SokSttr Teimii^Bhl 1 6 .QS
t44 - T*S MHj fof Trtrrtonwi (SO- 239) 4 1 5&
S0-&? M Hr rS0-238i ^ *S
220-335 MH2 jBMCJ 21-95
4?O-450 MHj {Emil 3 & di nwcm^tfrt NF 33.00
*2tM&0 MNi tBNCI- 2.0 dB mimmum NF 54-^5
1.0 dB typical NF ».M Ariv i^o^b frtqu^ncy bttwtw 30 »l4 ^p Of t4«-174 MH? IBNCI ?7jO0
CONV/ERTERS
144. 146 MHHN. ^8-30 MHz OUT fBNC] S 79,95
3itd cf vBtal far 1 44CF [ 143-145 I M, 36-30 OUT) t^J.OO
433-134 MHz IN. ?S-30MHr OUT [BNC* 79J&
amt crvttBl firr 433CP 1434^36 IN. 2S-30 DtTT) \Qm lAlw i^lftbl^ vviit^ 434-436 MHf 11^ *n(l 3a-90 MHi OliT, jOicar 8.
Mod« J) TQ^S
IFatilM*«LJA T»>-
no rnoolicaliciii r.
C4ntMfu»dwftl^rrt!tui*i^i»I3tfTiF ^
tf mates^ — FM SiB. CW or AiJ - " - '- -
*, licml P9r)«l! SWitt''' flhTA-*. n-e preairnp !|(> Jjo *iirp4s5iea ■vi-i- (•ec«TVThg Thf ju^ft Qf itm OSA, ^ p+n
n-ii^LfN lor eKC.&p(»DnM. -..■■i ....... The gmti r\*a tie*ri sot
■o apumi^fi itiu p(}FlQ*marice wilh 2 mfltffi [tan-B-
Model PM-1
PREAMP MODULE
•'\'-' i'tsu wm rmtn 0* •" •*Mpi'«>i
1^:^ ^ vt lo w«iit Of coai Use* to* noe* JAHEl
MO^ ■ T t*cti i#Tii IS funy f«fi9a lo" jmi stki
i^Do ... . . itii^iv oricxs me awifiaBiM* lof OEM's
e METEI^ PREAMP Idea) far Dx
■,"iw rifn ' ■ . ' "f
UcM^vt 5CP3 50 &2MH1. Mo€tel S3PB £2-54liHi_
I4 ^^*"^ JP
Vat $ M«t«>t Tnntc#i«#$
■'■♦ '*u, Tit 3t
ai '.i^^'SJiMHz (fc&TKLilv wTien tifderirttii UHf con Ill' MudBl OSA'9, -.. ^ .
f*
10 METEfl PREAMP
17013 IJOIO 17014
mms
C3Q06
IS0LIN£ 43^FA 431FA 2
OICILLATORS
Pr«*iMK>. Speaty 4 ar 10 VMt 10 to 1 Digital Pnridif
E^i. 10 (0 T Dividen USEf UL ACCESSORIES
BMC (o SNC. 36' RG-58CAJ CiW»
GNC IQ UHF. 3B ' RG-5BC/U Z^\t
BNCloRCAPht>nq,36" RG'&flC/U CihiB
AclimtDr, BNC Pluo to UHF Jack
BNC Connector, UG-BS/U far RG-58 A»Ke cablfi
MISCELLANEOUS
AAttnnd iK^a^or. 144-U4 MHi (Sd-2391
Cittfty Filter ^ .5 dS ton
C«wity FtilET. ^ ilB misirnum ios
S 73.95
11.9S 21M
^d)»^'
■i« **=^
Lt rf^- ■!.
■- ■ ■■ ''ix,-ti». tNdc lio'ft'e' '-^jfTA] gttJT on MDdfrl 3CI PB 2a 3UHHr
220 MH£
[f I Low Nolae PToamp
hAQ^ml 230FB.
UMF PREAMPS
l|«l»l 432PA 4ao 4t)0UHz
Low Casi All AiDum} Farvofit*
■I'tcaljon^ Ujtn t» rno4tn» 1 TdB
E-NfMn SI, aluminum ixsi i\i4i{Z'.^. MDdBM^3PC 420 4BQMHj; Emrarnflly SanBlllvfi
80^
Our finest UHFPrvflfTiT^—I.CdB HF
TlHv fJijl!-' MHr [Tr^iimp :
4rnp pf
I !'?■*» no[-SP
> _ - _ .
- Li«_' tr^ ^»
fflri,
tr
Witf iiipeci^ !**»»
Wad«l 4 JZPE
S65SS
DAIWA
Interference Filters from J. W. Miller
$20^5
Coaxiar Switches
2 P«jsttfon/Modd CS-201
4 Position/Model CS401
nw-Am
Si 35.95
SWR & Power Meters
Models Cfy 720. CN-620 and CN-630
Pr 0 f Ksiona 11 y « nqt n«4 t€dl csv 1 ty oonitruction .
PtavfCT Rating 2 SkW PEP. IkW CW
Irnpedancf: 50 Otimt
CgmKCttiTt: SO-233
Inseition Lfla: Lro than 2 dB
VSWR: 1 1.2
MaximuTtn Ftfqueiuv' 500 MHr
lujiation: Detler lh«n BQ dB it 300 MHi.
b#ii«r ttian 45 dB it 450 MHi; MJjaCiem
Tfrminal,
Unused Ternilrtal& grouncfed,
RF Speech Proc«$$or Mcidets RF^OO
Increases talk pcrwer wilt^ &pilaner free Qp^a-
tion. RF clipplrFg assiurcs Jaw diitortifin.
Simply irtstnil balween micro phone and
trammitter.
Talk Power: Better than S dB.
Frtquencv Rasponj*. 300-3000 Hi ^t 12 dB
<*ffwn.
Dittoition: Lm than 3% at 1 kHi, 20 dB
CM -720 and CN'620
FrfrruCTCv Rangie: 15-150 MHi SWR Oeiection Scniitlvltv: 5W min. Power: 3 Rdnges i Forward, 2O/200/1O0W) {RBtl&ctsd.4/40/200Wf
Low P3SS Filters
r ;! 1-1:1 1.:.:. 1 L^i I ^. ■<iilJill«i vn Afit '
nl If> tV
VS' 111 ]&iite<iv4l UlNi#
fig&o
C &l t-T. » « Ml M « FtrSEd
c sw-T TOCO «r JUi 3BI0 « TEf> ssa
High Pass Filters
HmtxUed III th« «n(«npi4,«4ir I'j-ji -<■ '■' I ^B4l4i<:« liffi! uruJ GVfi'Usid muf Jn^nci iv I w' 171 ^M t«zt'Tifti zmnai bv anutmr fidiQ frjinirTiiuiin (imt uihiri hjuh IrMiuantv $10 IB tmita iAlUKni FlIllH iMTl:tAI,rjiTflf Mgnjli biflo^ i-IO.IB 4CI MHz b^ 1 p(jfi«i<r hiictnr n''Mttii thun i 0{W,1K»:1 . IhiphJunck C SIJ-T 1 ; ^,'300 yhm
Audio Interference Filters
l«r
! *t*Tr*a*"*<*»- Ci
W4K t^lC? CW HI vUi't^j •i3rM*-=-' if^^M
AC Power Line Filters
t lilTiinil^ u< i»m!ul-I! i-niililHiiirc[;r ^^ r4d»Q
iiiri'itNuE iiM^-Mai-t, fV'dimd rjd-HJi, jimi lit*
§5 07
f IB 35
1 $140.50
CN*€20
CN630
Frettuencv Riftge. 1 40-450 MHj? Piiw«r:2Hanges IForward 2O/2O0W1
(R«t4acted4/40W)
CN-630 S 139.00
CN-720 $186.95
P.O. Box 27, Medford, Mossochusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-391-3200
TUFT S Electronic Department Stor^.TUFTS
Etectronk
$99 VHF model 4362 {T4o-i8o w\hz\
$99 HF model 4360 i is- 30 mh^\ tlon
'. 1 M*,J HAM-MATE D^reciit^ui Wjit-
iufm it4 nr rdlctl,c^d pamft m SO-ohm cmual liJrtUn'iMion lihcL Thci» Jtc dirKl dcKjcrtdailti of ih-^Jr(4j. IHRULINE* Wiltmeter - the : rrul U^>dJli] (ill the mdtJItry— end wvll
4),«M^iiiel'V rrwjaikHC' ''" ~ ■^«^ Jltnr undtf IIT^ ■{Kid
- J wYtDEin u'l j>LM>nm line, » mtjOJ^ic' if mtitg, ... ■ '- -]fnf ulatiTj-lfdl in vaiXi^ All TmiunieiJ : pUuic hiMAini. It 4 this tvpe of 11 jnd the dhre^»n»l TH RU L ■ M ,,„>^,.. ,K . ' ^^..:, larilhiHiI tartiid£, itui ICCQunt ECir thr %uprrK]nt> ol the HAU A4ATE Winnvten.
the indispensable
THRUUNE VWTIMETHI
[■. ij
'MHii
■LI' ■mMti
s<w
WW.
2<W
500
tvnr wiuj
MODEL 43
ElemenTs tTafate tj 2-30 MHi Elemenri (Table 1) 2&^1000 MH* Carrvir\9 case for Model 43 fit 6 ei^ments Carrymi}cas« fc^r 12 et9m«r^tS
$135 JOO 50JOO 42il0
17II0
READ RF WATTS DIRECTLVf {Specify Type N or S0239 coiv nectorsj 0.45 - 2300 MHz, 1-1 0,000 Watts ^5%, low insertron VSWR — 1*05» UfiBcjuaHed economy and fle:xibitity. Suy only the elemeriTf^y covering your present ff^quencv and power needs, add extra ranges lafetf- if yotir rflquirefrientv expand.
AMPHENOLi^
wi^tbjcfj^rtiof e<()nn#iricifM whlh luva»#l KTIbMI tat duifli dtKiiuieict «ppLi(icil4ona.
mccvrmteiy nUi'hlJVfd fram hr*i». Jtcttnu iir ltl»tk 'if
p-J»tfi4C^') I" tivt jptt Gvn^cior* t^AL fl*n l*M
iitaruuiin
BNC BULKMEAU ftECEP* TACLE 3I-Z3l-aH^ UO'IOB^ MpEcb wlLh «nr UNC plui H.«eepuele CMTV be iTiLiunl«U
JTi^ld ];]An#hi i(tf 1-1^ Ul4" tttii^k.
BNV l,M> TO UHF (F> APAr^
Adiipu lunv RNC 141' It ill 4111 UHT plu^. t.l.KJI
ijouBi.E MATK adapti;b
iB3-B77';(M& rfii-lli fuuplln*
[ti^cls 1£ f4*m.(i|p rNimi>rini'THi
$2.72
JACK AIIPATKH »l.3b
a'l-isp-^sb to M'vftifcti* iifpf
auiHi asleniiM jiirk iir pin ]tif3(< CANFl. RECKPTACLI:
wlih -I fiiit-cncTi w JWaU'" djAmrtrr holf - *( .1 7 rANEL BECEPTACl.t:
114C4Ft TU L1MF {Ul ADA:^- TEH 31 -Qj!)Ii-:in& t'Ci^373 Ad^u Jinv BKC! {>>"» ^" »"* iMIl-' lai^k. t3.3W
liJ-5»r'IB> K*4ltJiF* *n urt Lhrrulrri, k^iifi^V ■hrlj tM pwili tit im friuhkl^ rnifiB+ftwn 12.27
lightning; AHUE^lTOll ^'i^-IO'VMSt EiinuDAtF* lUiic ... l-UD fnziq ABlf niiA. ITtta irtii TOUT v«|iui'blf' *qun»™'**i j^^Ajitit iLsliuiifii d<im*t<^
BNC ]Pl.lli> JJ40I'»ia i'l> BS C'lniilliiJnl^ uurd Iin rum
ANC JiTRAKil'IT All Am ft )l-Sll-la.& VG^II* I til'-
BNC rANEl. HIEtErrACT-f: «ith i fMinm lib ^,44'
iMta KhsHmI !€■«& nutt BT«-
fl!*c A!«fiLC APAm:«
ART BSt: piua for ndA anglii'
■ ?IC TEt AOArTKS 11 *H 11 J EJt^X?4 '\44^» t BNC plufB 111 3]-llW*lt& 4f 4Cbrr Ir»«J* BMl!' li'P*
UU-SI»J^
n>rt77-a(iii
ST]l-l(l'3+;;tflh
J»1M
'S7a
H:3.D»^r•:i^^
i^a-itt^-JAi
Ui#^«
First ts ihe FoK XK. It reads all baridsdnd Tucks away an (.he visor.
Our remote (BW) ijrut is "ouf -of- ' '"tormafiCf'.loo.
llt^-271
P.O. Box 27,
Jliul now there's Sup^ioxl
jdAr ^ J system - Supedqi has 10
1 1 fiw* the aensiHvity capabiJiiy i3f any ..■ . ' '.;>S'^ & is idetil
iftatjisjiatiofis.
PRICE LIST
Descfiptlon pfi«
Fox XK
All band detKtnr w/ietf contained •uri}/yi»J»l aiwm stQ9 0Q
Foix XK tnwi
All band detectof w/remote conlTol, watef proof $l39in
Super FoK
Supvr Hetef odyne rwnnte
iBdv wvntngsvsatit $279.9^
HJTACHI OSCILLOSCOPES
SPCCiALl
15% OFF ALL
HITACHI SCOPES
o
V --^
SinglB and dual tr«:e. 15 Ami 30 MHj. AiF lour hig»i «en»JtivtiY H»iadhi QMiiM0]£Dp<n ve by lit ta demandifig HttKhi iquslity tt«o (ftarcb »nd «rv bic^ed by ■ f-v^lf w^rrjntv- TTiev're ital« to me»yr« ugn^H at lew JS 1(nV/cl4vi$i€ir« Niiti X§ vertiCdJ rriapiifierl. ti'^t 1 fptcificatiDin y<Ht won't find on Any cnKtr IS or 30 MHi wopt. Ptut- 2-«xit modutiatMsn, trace rouiion. frcMit ptfmi K-Y aperatian for bU tuur tcdpe medeH, tfid XtO sweep niagi^4lif:jthyi. And. tiolh 30 MHf cturiikKcapei off«r iriternal tifniA detav lirKf, For SAW of operilktn, Function«rtv relate conTroh jrt grouped >nto three blockt on the cctlor cmted Iront pan«L
• V-302 30 MHz Dual Trace S95O30
• V -301 30 MHz Single Tiace SfiTOSO
• V*152 15 MHzDMatTface $625^5
• V-151 IS MHz Single TtMX $490.50
ALLIANCE
$119.95
HD 73 HEAVY DUTV ROTATOR
with exclusive Duel-Speed Control!
For antenrus up tQ 10.7 sq- Tt. cif wiod load Het. Mast support tiracfcet dntgn permits eatv centering: and offers a positive dfive no-siip Opliofi, Automatic brake action cushion j stops to r^uce inertia Ftressei Unique conttol unit Iwturcs DUAL SPEED rotatkin wiih one fiwe-position switch. SPECIFICATIONS; Max. wind load faending mofnent 10.000 irr-libs. (w^de-thrn&t OVH'- lurmngli, Btarting torque— 400 ifl.-lbs.: Hardened Meet drive geaf^; Bearingi — too 3/8" dwiTi«ter f hardened k (WeiM - D'Ar^Oftwal. raut h^nd Ihack-ligtitedl.Tbere's much, much mote.
Two NEW Rotors from Comell-Dubilier
TAILTWiSTERT
M
HAM IV
■ For the New Super
Com mun teat ions Antennas
■ New Thickwall Castmg
■ New Steel Ring Gear
■ New Metal Pinion Gear
■ New Motor Prebrake
■ New Super Wed^e Br^ke
■ New L.e,D. Control Box
■ Sale 26 Volt Operation Oe$igrb^cl Ipr tl^o newest Of the kir^-size com munjcat tons anten- nas, the TAIL TWISTERTM ^^ ^^^
ultimate in antenna rotatiorial devices. Th« TAIL TWfSTER^^^ starts with a deluxe control boK featuring $nap ^ lion controls for Jbr^ke and directional COfitfOlS. I_E,0. infljcdtors signal rot^ation ^nd brake op^rdtion, while the illuminated fn*ter provides dJroc tion readout. This new control bo^ couples to ttie newest bell rotor. Using the time tested betl rotof Principle, the TAl L TWIST gpTM J5 a brand new detifin with fhickwall cBfttings and six bolt assembly A brand new motor with prebrake action brings the antenna ^ystemi to an easy stop, • lie the maisive square front brake we<l!9e locks the asserr^bly in place. A new ^tiiiniess steel spur ^ear sv*^'p"^ provid*?^ finat drive
into a new steel ring gear for total reliability. Triple race, 138 tialt bearing asMmbly carries dead weighl and. maintains horizontal stability.
An optional heavy duty lower mast adaptor is available for light er loads with mast mountirig.
Price: S249.00
The HAM iV sets new leveis of pert or man ce. Snap action switched wedge brake and rota- tional controls things pinpoint accuracy to large directional ar ray* popular in comrnunications. A new motor provides pre-brake action to a^i^ in slowing down rotational mass, anii the new thicker wedge brake offers far stronger lock- in phase action. To take full advantage of this new design, the HAM 111 is designed for in- tower mounting. A new Optionail heavy duty lower m,ast adaptor is available when lh« HAM 111 is to be mast mounted with sfnaliBT arrays. A stainless steel soiur gear system myltipliei the torqfue into the dual race 98 ball bearing support assembliv assuring years of trouble free per tor mane e. F^rice: SI 69.00
ord, Massachusetts, 02155
TEL. 1-617-391-3200
TUFTS Electronic Department Store.TUFTS
NEW!
HFJ INTROEnJCES THE
GRANDMASTER
MEMORY KEYERS
At $139.95 this MFJ-484 GRANDMASTER
memory keyer gives you mor^ features per doiar tfian iny other memQi7 Keyer availabla - and Here's Why , . ,
A AMU ■ *ff 1 i.9i Fmr
1€
wrriii 3iu(T itsHED n
■•41 4w hfti m
LliH j<|i •WW WHICH
MLMiHty t;; in u:iF tmu WiUM ir Cwg
4^41 11' 1li>4l
¥[||iiH( CM
ptLir HWAT numiiiL
|U 1{1 t KHWlilil riAL rw lAUm H If AT
LEfi INI3CA tFli DtL*.¥ Hin.A1 MOOf
i,j« lam
■riicT njv
"if t II « fn tit tt\w>t y :
1 r* .• ti i; !■ I ;!r 1 1.
■Ill
t mtn vim nio i"i m
W ifb CiiAll^CIM'i MY
MEMORY KEYERS
MFJ-4S4 Grdndma^Epr Mttrndry Kay«r Up to twelve 25 chDracter
me^aagos plus a 100^ 7B, iSO, or 26 chsracter fnessdge. Mf^ J-4B3 Grandmaiitfr Mdmdi'y Kfltfer. Four 25 or a 50 and iwo
2&c:harBc!«r memgn, MFJ-^QI Grandm^ter Mernory K#yl|f,Twa 50 characrter mesagH;.
HK-I OplFonal SauM/i K«y.
PROFESSOR MORSE
MFJ-4 \Q Prafeswr Morw» BsfKhirTi code Qeneralor/kever. Mothi codt
teactiing computer Smck ilpha only or alphanumeric, full iw^tuT^ CiMtn Ktvur. ip^id reickiut, delay for 5pa:J4lf liTlvri up to Itittm vconds,
TELEPHONE PATCHES
MfJ-^24 Cfitp ckai profKxioiHt foundinfl iucfo, Vu n}«ler fof
moniiDfiAg Ur%m J«vtl tri4 for rajfHng for maKtimufn wparaDon of nansfnttiH ami i«e*iwr. t^xy palch in faodi ixjt
13SJ5
99.95 79J5 39.95
149,9^
MFj-620
Same m liFJ'£34 tHcvm wttioyl nwier
59^S 49.9S
$
29
95
MFJ 40T ORP Transmitter
MISCELLANEOUS
MFJ 302 RF Nofse Bridgv.
R&ceivnr Pr^itiaclor, Frequency 5Tiri.diifd. QHPTmrimiTTflr, CompDnion QRP VFO fpr 40T Code PracltcD OlClFlator Optional Tfllagfiiph Kty,
MFJ.1030BX MFJ^2Q0BX
MFJ-40T MFJ-40y CPO-S55 TK-555
§9.95 49.95
?9,&b
2^.95
17.95
1 MB
95
LS*-523KX
Ui^-»«IBJf U
SPEECH PROCESSOR
MFJ.62S filF Spe#cti Proceaor, PNigi betwrtcnmicrofihoiw arHJt
rig, Powwrful nttwi^ iogndint} cp^ech Vu meter toi vJiMstrrvent of proc»»ing^ 4 put mc jack. 6 dB mar# jw^gt SS9 powif, iis« #ith anv rig vid any mic, push button xm-^iffbfjaia,
Logarrilbmic S|H*d^ f^ocnior. De^u^e model. LcHprhNmic Speed) Piactmot.
t.$P-520BX It LSP-S20BX
119 95
S9JS 4955
$
54
95
CMOS 6043 Electronic Keyer
Sill* «rt the art de&ign UB«4 CUflTISreO'S
WPW: « SmeltinE wid stfMi^r* * Sp<i«cl tV^
u"- ■ ---- *eigFm cnmrtrru # ttijf* tiBHiiiUn* ^Lrina
^«,,t,^, Um TUHt Off Ot« !=iMTOPyE OFf
# i 1 i^'i J : il^n' • QtiT C pl I ^ * * J 1 < < * li 1 ■ 4 * * I ■ i ' I ■ ■
ELECTRONIC KEYERS
MFJ-fi044tC DetuJd! KBycr. Dctx d^ddlth memory.
Econ^ Key«r. BuJh-m pa<fdle, plus exrras,
Econ^ Kcyer. Buitl-iri padded.
Eco r>D Knyer. Ekl^rriiil Ki^y.
New Deluhe Elffetroruic II, ipeed readout meier, sockei for
MefFtcfv. random codo ^nsrator, keyt»osrcf B044IC heyer
chip do! and dash nwrriory . Up to 50 WPM,
Bencher Deluxe Iambic Paddla. Heavy ^teel ba^^ non^kt
feet.
MFJ-404 MFJ^402 MFJ-40a MFJ'40a
BY-1
60.95 59 J 5 44.96
49.gs
79.95 39 g&
MFJ ENTERPRISES
DELUXE
Versa Tuner I
^FJ-9S4
(ytFJ-982 MFJ-t&l
MFJ-SeO MFJ-962
MFj-9ei
MFJ-949
MFJ-g41B
MFi-MO
"^0-0014 MFJ-945
MFj-944
MFJ-d43
MFJ-901
MFJ-1601D
Onlum 3k W Verw Tunar IV. SWR,fcirwartf'raf1ucif^:J
wattmuiflr, rf sirnrnatBr, dumTnv load, an tan n a swUch, be^n,
3kW PEP
3kW V*rja Tuner IV, 7 portion anlenr>a switch^ balun.
3kW PEP
3k W Versa Tuner IV. SWR. fo7ward-r«f4eaed watimeiar,
balun. 3kW PES*
3kW Vera Tyn»r IV. BuMin twtujn, 3kW PEP
1 .5 kW Viri* Tunir III SWR, fornhrvd-f eflected «raitmattr,
B PQiitiori 4Rttnn« twitch, baltm, 1 ,EkW PEP
IStiWV V«tli Tunit III. 6 positron antenna nvilch.
bolun for tulaneed imt%, 1 ^W PEF
Oeltine VefU Tuner IF, Ullimate in antenna tuncfs: SMR,
dununy load, forward i^efleciEd wattnwtef . front pamel
onlenfta iMritdi, balum, 3O0W cKttptrt.
Vem Tun«r 11. ImprcrvKd model with SmBfrnanm^ur^
anlffnr^a fwntch^ iMltjn^ rnd^te rmxirrting 1ir«:)t«t.
300W output
V«ru Tunet IL SWR/wjEnrnetEr. antimva iwilxti. no
tdlun,AOinob^le mount. 3QSMi.
Mo/tnit iTUuril lot MFi-lMO
Versa TufMN II Wrth SWRAaqttmetef »vd mobile mOionlinf
brackei, lev 5 position antenna smritch, 30nW
Veru Turwr M. W>ih im^nna switch and m^biia mounting
liTMckvi. Itn SWR/Wfttmeter, 3Q0W Duput
Veru Tuner M. Leu SWR/wsttmptef. an^nna nvilch
mpMnting bracket, 3O0W output
Versa Tunef , Mitchet anythmg^ CoaK., lan^m wires,
balance linet. 200W output.
Econo Jyiwr. MetcheK eaax and r^r^dom wires. 2O0W
Random W^r* Tun#r Fcjf rendom and long vnrea. 200W
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Build a Talking Digital IDer
K20AW redesigns his IDer at last
When my CW identifi- er and repeater con- trol circuit article appeared in the February and March. 1973, issues of 7 J Magazine, I thought that those circuits were about as modern and simple as they could get. Over the years, I've heard of printed circuit boards and kits being sold at ham- fests, and several ham re- peater manufacturers have
used the CW identifier cir- cuit in their systems. The identifier also has been used in RTTY stations to provide Morse code identi- fication.
But times do change; sev- eral articles have appeared
in 73 Magazine giving cir- cuits which modified or ex- panded the original design. I finally decided that it was
time for a new identifier de- sign.
Here is an identifier cir- cuit which should renew in- terest in identifiers for a while It uses six ICs. the same as the 1973 version, but this identifier talks.
Yes, you read It right It doesn't whistle or hum your call — it says it right out loud, in plain English, for
the whole world to hear. A
Photo A. Talking identifier
little muffled, perhaps (af- ter all, what can you expect from six commonly-avail- able ICs?I but clear enough to understand.
I'm having some fun with mine right now. It's sitting on my office desk (with a lit- tle IC timer setting it off about once a minute) quiet- ly mumbling "Bah, hum- bugT' to anyone within ear- shot!
Although it makes a great conversation piece, that is not its main purpose. J started designing this iden- tif ier while driving on a long vacation trip last summer. Every half hour or so, I would remember to key up my 2-meter rig on .52, hop- ing that somebody would come back In the mean- time, a hundred hams could have passed me by going in the opposite direction. But unless I picked up the mike and gave my call every min- ute or two, the chances of either one of us knowing about the other were slim. Wouldn't »t be nice (1 thought) to have an auto- matic IDer which would key up the rig every minute or so and announce itself? If there were anybody around, they surely would
162 73 Magazine * December, 1980
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hear me. And voilS — neces- sity was the mother of in- vention.
The identifier uses an EPROM (Erasable Pro- grammable Read Only Memory) to store the voice data to be spoken. The se- cret, of course, is in know- ing how to program this EPROM. I do the program- ming on my SWTP 6800 computer system, but it could be done on another computer just as well. This article includes the pro- grams and a PC board lay- out to make your job easier. (Etched and drilled PC Boards as well as prepro- grammed EPROMs are available from Star-Kits, PO Box 209, Mt. Kisco NY 10549J
How It Works
There are many ways either to store a real sound recording in a digital mem- ory or to synthesize a fake voice. Quite a few voice synthesizers are available today, ranging from the Texas Instruments Speak and Spell^^ to the Compy- talker synthesizer available for S-100 computers and the Radio Shack synthe- sizer for the TRS-80. Unfor- tunately, most of these are fairly complex, require some custom- integrated [and often secret} circuits, and are difficult to pro- gram.
Simply storing a digital image of a real voice and playing it back from mem- ory turns out to be much easier and cheaper. That is how this identifier works. Its EPROM contains a digi- tized ''recording" of a voice [which had been digitized previously on a computer), and a fairly simple circuit then scans the memory and "plays" it back. The only problem is to store the voice recording in such a way that it doesn't exceed the capacity of the EPROM.
If memory capacity were not a problem, then the voice pattern could be
stored with voice fidelity better than any commercial hi-fi recording. In fact, digi- tal stereo recording is the latest technique on the hi-fi scene because it can pro- vide frequency response and distortion figures be- yond anyone's wildest dreams of just a few years ago. But there i^ a price to be paid — very large amounts of digital data are involved. Digital recording often is done with video- tape recorders which can record and play back mil- lions of bits per second. Squeezing two seconds worth of voice into an EPROM which contains just 16,384 bits obviously re- quires some compromises, and it results in audio quali- ty which is far from hi-fi. But it works.
To see how voice can be digitized, look at Fig. 1(a). Here we see a typical sound waveform such as might be picked up by a microphone. In order to digitize that waveform, we sample it at fixed, periodic intervals, and digitize the voltage that that waveform has at those instants of time.
For instance, suppose we measure the waveform voltage at the points marked with a dot, convert the value of that voltage to a binary number, and store it. If that is later ''played" back, we get the waveform shown in Fig. 1(b). The result ts a square waveform which changes to a new value at each of the sampling points.
Although the square wave doesn't look anything like the original audio sig- nal, if it is fed through a low-pass filter the sharp corners will be chopped off and the signal will look a bit better.
If, on the other hand, we were to sample the audio signal more often — not on- ly at the dots but also at the intermediate points marked with an X — and digitize that, the resulting wave-
(c) ORtlSthlAL AUDIO
(t) DIGITIZED AT BUACK DOTS ONLY
(> ^
%■
(c) DtaSTIZEO AT EACH DOT AND X
(4) a EG) Tl ZED AT Aft! EXTREMELY HIGH RATE
fig. 1. Digitizing audio at various sampling rates.
form, shown in Fig. 1(c), would be a better approxi- mation.
Fig. 1[d) shows that when we digitize very often, we get the best waveform yet. Although this waveform does have some sharp cor- ners, they occur at a very high frequency and would be removed very easily with a filter.
How often must we digi- tize to get an acceptable digitized waveform? There is a rule called the ''sam- pling theorem'' which says that the sampling rate must be at least twice the fre- quency of the highest fre- quency component in the audio signal. In other words, a hi-fi signal with a frequency response to 20,000 Hz would have to be sampled at least 40,000 times per second. A com- munications-quality voice signal with a response to 4000 Hz would require sam- pling at least 8000 times per second.
We can get an idea of
this from Fig. 1(b). Sampling at the black dots is enough to get a waveform which follows the large swings of the audio waveform which have a low frequency but cannot capture the small
squiggles that have a high- frequency component To get those, we need a high sampling rate.
Fig. 2 shows a block dia- gram of the circuitry which would be needed to do the digitizing. Starting with the audio signal, the signal is amplified and sent through a low-pass filter. The pur- pose of the filter is to remove those frequencies which are too high to be digitized (that is, more than half the frequency of sam- pling). These components have to be removed to avoid further distortion dur- ing the digitizing.
The filtered signal is now sent to a sample-and-hold circuit. This circuit takes a sample of the waveform and holds it in a capacitor while the analog-to-digital (A/D) converter converts the resulting voltage to a bi- nary number. This is neces- sary because most A/D con- verters require a steady in- put voltage while they are converting; if the voltage is changing, then they will probably convert the volt- age to the wrong value. Both the sample-and^hold circuit as well as the A/D converter are driven by a
164 73 Magazine • December J 980
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 16S
* FILTER
SAWPL£ HOLD
ANALOe TO
DIGfTAL CONVERTEf*
D I S I TA L OUTPUT OAtA
CLOCK
fa J SOU SI D-TO- DIGITAL CONVER&fON
DIGFTAL DATA
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DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTEfi |
|||
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FELTER |
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* |
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SPEAKER
<(\
(H? DIGITAL-TO-SOUND CONVERSION
fig, 2. Circuitry needed to digitize audio.
clock oscillator which sets the rate at which the input signal is sampied.
The output of the A/D converter is now a binary number which can be stored in memory or record- ed on tape. When the digi- tized data is played back, as shown in Fig. 2(bX the binary data is converted back to an analog signal with a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter, passed through a low-pass filter to remove the sharp corners from the wave, amplified, and fed to a speaker.
Now that we know how often a sample should be taken of the input wave, we have another question: How accurately must it be digitized in the A/D con- verter? This is related to the number of bits produced by the converter for each sam- ple.
A binary number consist- ing of just one bit can take on only one of two values — either 0 or 1, A binary num- ber consisting of two bits can have values of 00, 01, 10, or 11, a total of four dif- ferent values. In general, a number which consists of n bits can take on 2^ different values. For instance, ten bits allow 1024 different numbers.
Suppose the converter produces a binary number
consisting of just one bit, That one bit is not enough to indicate the precise volt- age of the input. With one bit, we can tell only wheth- er the input was positive or negative. This obviously will lead to a very distorted wave, since we cannot hope to keep all the little squig- gles in the audio signal.
On the other hand, a ten- bit number can represent 1024 different numbers. Thus, we could measure and encode 512 different positive voltage levels and 512 different negative volt- age levels. Thus, the more precise we want our mea- surements of the sample voltages to be, the more bits we need for etch mea- surement.
I n a hi-fi system, we often try to get a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N] of 60 dB or more. 60 dB is a voltage ratio of 1000 to 1, so that we must be able to reproduce two signals even if one is 1000 times larger than the other. This requires being able to measure at least 1000 dif- ferent positive voltage levels and 1000 different negative voltage levels, for a total of 2000 different voltage levels. Since 2 — 2048, we need at least 11 bits for this. By the time you add a few more bits to al- low these signals to be re- produced with low distor-
tion and to give a little ''headroom" so that an oc- casional burst of extra vol- ume can get through, you are close to 14 bits per sam- ple.
The digital systems being proposed in the hi-fi indus- try use between 14 and 18 bits per sample; 14 bits are used In consumer products and up to 13 bits are used in the studio-quality recorders which produce the master tapes.
How many bits per sec- ond (bps) does this add up to? For pure hi-fi, we need at least 40,000 samples per second, each with at least 14 bits, for a minimum of 560,000 bps (and up to 2 MHz in studio-quality sys- tems). At a rate of 560,000 bps, a 16,384-bit EPROM would provide hi-fi for about 0.03 second. Not enough for a grunt, let alone a ham call.
So we must limit the number of bits per second. This is done by drastically reducing the sampling rate and also reducing the num- ber of bits from the A/D converter.
To squeeze a two-second call into this ROM, we can store 8192 bps. At a sam- pling rate of 8000 Hz or so (to cover the communica- tions audio range to 4000 Hz), that gives us about one bit per sample. This means that we don't need a com- pfex sampie-and-hold cir- cuit, an A/D converter, or even a D/A converter. All we need is some circuit which can tell whether the input audio is positive or negative at the sampling in- tervals, and which produces a one-bit output— 1 if posi- tive, 0 if negative. That turns out to be very simple to do.
The disadvantage is that our voice recording will be very distorted. But by heaviiy filtering the output with a low-pass filter, we can remove some of that distortion and make the re-
sult quite understandable.
The Talking Identifier
Let's leave for a moment the question of how you ''record" the voice and store it in the ROM, and look at the circuit of the talking IDer itself, Fig. 3.
The voice pattern is stored in a 2716 EPROM, This is a memory !C current- ly selling for about $10- $1 5. It is organized as 2K X 8, meaning that it has 2K storage locations (which is 2048), each holding an 8-bit number.
bach of those 2K loca- tions has an address, a binary number which ranges from 00000000000 to 11111111111. This 11-bit address is fed to the EPROM via the A10 through AO address pins shown at the bottom of the iC. Each time we give the EPROM an address, it out- puts the contents of the ad- dressed location on the eight data Jines, D7 through DO, shown on the right side of the EPROM.
The eight bits in the loca- tion come out in parallel, meaning alt at the same time. But we want the bits one at a time, roughly 1/8000 of a second apart, since each bit represents one sample of the recorded voice pattern, (Over a space of two seconds there is a total of 16,384 samples or bits, which are stored in consecutive locations on the EPROM, The first eight bits are in memory loca- tion 00000000000, the next eight bits are in location 00000000001, and so on, up to the last eight bits, which are in location 11111111111,)
The job of splitting up the eight bits in one loca- tion into individual bits is handled by the 74LS151 multiplexer. This IC be- haves like an SP8T switch which is continuously rotat- ing, scanning the eight bits coming in from the EPROM
166 73 Magazine * December, 1980
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much like the distributor in a V8 car engine. It changes the parallel data coming in- to the multiplexer into seri- al data. The result, on pin 5 of the multiplexer, is a square wave which carries the frequency components of the voice but, of course, doesn't have any amplitude information because ampli- tude was never digitized. This signal is fed into an ac- tive low-pass filter which uses an LM3900 Norton op amp, and which cuts off at just under 4000 Hz. This provides the audio output.
The rest of the circuit simply provides different addresses to the EPROM to scan through its memory and also drives the multi- plexer.
This part of the circuit starts with one section of a 74LS132 quad, two-input NAND, Schmitt-trigger IC which, along with a 220-Ohm resistor and 0 4-uF capacitor, forms an oscilla- tor which oscillates at
f/g. 3. Talking identifier diagram.
about 8 kHz. The output of this oscillator is sent to pin no of a 4020 CMOS counter The 4020 is a 14-stage rip- ple counter which contain^ fourteen flip-flops. Since 2^"^ = 16,384, this counter can count off 16,384 clock pulses. Since the clock fre- quency is about 8 kHz, if we start this counter at a count of 0, it will take approx- imately two seconds to count up to its maximum count. As it does so, it's counting off the 16,384 data bits which are being converted into an audio signal.
We really need 14 out- puts from that counter to drive the EPROM address lines and the multiplexer. Unfortunately, to save on pfns the 4020 provides only the 11 outputs from the 4th flil^flop (Q4) through the 14th flip-flop {Q1 4); the out- puts of the first three flip- flops are not accessible. So, we have a second counter, which is a 74LS93 binary counter The oscillator sig-
nal which goes to the 4020 goes also to the B input, pin 1, of the 74LS93. Three of the ffip-flops in this IC (called B, C, and D) count in parallel with the first three flip-flops of the 4020, and give us the missing signals.
These three signals, on pins 11, B, and 9 of the 74LS93, change very rapidly and continuously drive the multiplexer which, there- fore, scans the output of the EPROM at a high speed [one bit every 1/8000 sec- ond).
The eleven bits from the 4020 have a tower frequen- cy and, therefore, drive the address lines of the E PROM at a slower rate (one ad- dress every 1/1000 second). Thus, the EPROM feeds out a new group of eight bits every 1 /1 000 second Since there are 2K such groups, this again takes about two seconds.
When the two seconds are up, the 4020 and 74LS93 counters reach their max-
ff7
AUDIO OUT
imum count and reset themselves back to zero At the fnstant that this hap- pens, the Q1 4 output of the 4020 switches from a high level [near 5 volts) to a low level (near 0 volts). This sig- nal goes to an unused sec- tion of the 74LS93 and turns on a fourth flip-flop in that counter; as a result its QA output goes high. This sig- nal is inverted into a low by another section of the 74LS132 and is fed back to stop the clock oscillator, As soon as the 2-second voice ID is done, therefore, the clock stops, all the counters (except the A flip-flop in the 74LS93) freeze at zero, and the IDer stops
The IDer is restarted by resetting all counters to zero with a positive pulse coming out of pin 3 of still another section of the Schmttt trigger NAND. This start signal could be gener- ated externally, but for use with a 2-meter FM rig on 146.52 we have a 555 timer which automatically gener- ates a very short reset pulse every 30 seconds or so. This pulse resets the A flip-flop in the 74LS93, which re- leases the clock and starts the ID process all over again.
Connected to the clock control line is an NPN traOr- sistor When the clock is running (that is, when the IDer is identifying), that transistor is turned on; when the IDer is off, so is the transistor. By connect- ing the collector to the push-to-talk (PTT) line of the rig, the IDer automati- cally keys the transmitter while it is identifying. This circuit is suitable only for
73 Magaiifte • December, 1960 167
Fig. 4. PC board, copper side.
40 2 0
|
T^ |
|||
|
N |
C |
||
|
&i |
|||
{ft
■WV-
o o
>
a o o
o
Fig. 5. Parts layout
driving the PTT line in small, transistorized trans- ceivers. Those rigs which re- quire large currents to drive a PTT relay may require an additional buffer transistor.
Although there are no po- tentiometers in the circuit, there are several compo- nents which may require adjustment. The 100k resis- tor in the active filter is chosen to provide a fairly small output audio level; ff more audio signal is need- ed, it can be reduced to as low as 5k. Incidentally, do not use disc capacitors in the active filter circuit. Use good quality polystyrene or dipped mica caps.
The oscillation frequen- cy of both the 74LS132 os- cillator and the 555 timer depends on the tolerance of the resistors and capacitors used. Since capacitors, es- pecially, tend to have very wide variations, some trim- ming may be needed to get the right results. To vary the spacing between IDs, you may want to increase or de- crease the capacitor value in the 555 timer circuit.
If the 74LS132 oscillator runs too fast or too slow, the voice pattern in the EPROM will be scanned too fast or too slowly, with the same result as when a rec- ord is played too fast or too
slow. You may like the Donald Duck quality this gives, but for best results you should trim the RC val- ues in this oscillator for the most natural speech sound.
The circuit layout is not critical, and almost any construction method will work, including wire-wrap and temporary prototype socket hookup. If desired, you can use the printed cir- cuit board shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 5 shows the parts lay- out for the PC board.
The identifier needs ap- proximately 100 mA of +5 volt power. This is provided easily by a three-terminal regulator. If you use the IDer in your mobile, simply include the regulator cir- cuit of Fig. b. Assuming a load current of 100 mA and a worst-case auto battery voltage of 16 volts, the reg- ulator must drop 11 volts for a power dissipation of 1,1 Watts. With a good heat sink, all this can be dropped in the three-terminal regula- tor itself; by adding a 39-Ohm, 2-Watt resistor as shown in the circuit, how- ever, we drop 3.9 volts across the resistor. This re- moves almost .4 Watts of heat from the regulator and dissipates it in the resistor instead.
For applications that re- quire even lower power (such as for battery-pow- ered applications), total cir- cuit power can be reduced even more by lifting the chip enable pin (pin 18) of the 2716 from ground and connecting it instead to pin 12 of the 74LS93. This dis- ables the 2716 when the cir- cuit is not identifying. The circuit still draws around 100 mA when identification is in progress, but cuts it down to less than half dur- ing other times.
'^Recording" the EPROM
To digitize the audio sig- nal, we need a filter to remove high-frequency components above 4000 Hz and a comparator circuit to
168 73 Magazine * December, 1980
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73 Magazine • December, 1980 168
sense the polarity of the in- put audio. This circuit uses another LM3900 quad Nor- ton op amp and is shown in Fig. 7.
One op-amp in the LM3900 is used as an active tow-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of just under 4000 Hz. This amplifier/fil- ter has a small amount of gain but not enough to ac- c:ept the weak signal from a microphone. It is designed for use with an external mike preamp or with the higher-level output of a tape recorder. 1 generally record the desired message on tape first and then feed the speaker output of the recorder to the audio input of this circuit.
A battery-operated re- corder is best in this case, since with a high gain it is possible for hum to be digi- tized between words. Hum gets swamped out during speech, but when there is silence, the circuit works much like a volume com- pressor by boosting low- level sounds. Thus, a good S/N ratio is essential. The 10k volume control on the input helps to cut down ex- cessive signal; its correct adjustment is important.
The output of the filter is sent to another op-amp sec- tion of the LM3900, which is used as a slicer or compara- tor. The signal coming from the filter is sent to one input of this op amp while a refer- ence current from the 10k zero-set pot is fed to the other. As the filtered audio output goes above or below the reference signal, the digital output from pin 9 switches between 0 and H-5
volts.
The 10k zerO'Set pot should be adjusted so that with the audio input short- ed to ground, the output is just on the verge of switch- ing between 0 and +5 volts. With proper adjust- ment, positive audio peaks will clip the digital output one way while negative peaks flip it the other way.
For testing purposes, an audio amplifier/speaker combination can be con- nected to the digital output to monitor the signal after it has been digitized; 1 use an inexpensive Radio Shack signal tracer for this pur- pose„ The digitized signal is supposed to be filtered be- fore being heard, so this sig- nal will sound excessively harsh, but it is good enough to give you an idea of whether the circuit is work- ing.
Once we have the one-bit digital output, we must sample it at intervals of about 1/8000 second, con- vert the samples into 8-bit bytes, and store them. Be- fore burning them into the EPROM, however, it is very convenient to be able to ''play" them back to make sure that the volume con- trols have been set right and that we have the right voice segment. It also would be very convenient if in some way we could edit the digital code to elimi- nate any noise just before and after the call. In other words, it would be very con- venient if we could store the message in RAM and read or modify it before it is permanently stored in EPROM.
Building S special piece of hardware for just this purpose is difficult and ex- pensive. Fortunately, most home or personal compu- ters have an input and out- put port which could be used to input or output this one-bit digital signal and also have RAM which could be used to store the code temporarily. This makes the job almost trivial.
To do this, you need a program which will input data, group bits together in sets of 8, and store them. In most cases, this program has to be written in ma- chine or assembly language since most BASIC systems are not fast enough to take 8000 samples per second and process them.
IN FROM AUTO
t
LM309K OR 7805
^5V
^0-1 (KEAT SIMKl
X
iff
1
O.l
Fig. 6. yo[tdi%'e regulator for mobile use.
TO *3V
INPUT
m
ImF
VOLUME
4TK ^ -W\* It— Vw — ♦ ^
DIGITAL *■ OUTPyj
174 LM3900
TO *5V
Fig. 7, Audio-to-digital conversion circuit
Obviously, the program will depend on the particu- lar computer used, but as a starter, Tm including here three programs written for an SWTP 6800 system which are very useful.
Parallel input/output on 6800 systems is usually han- dled by an IC called a PIA or Peripheral Interface Adapter. Although this IC has twenty input/output pins, only two are used in this application — bit 0 of port A gets the input from the circuit of Fig. 7, while bit 1 of the same port feeds an audio amplifier/speaker combination which is used to listen to the recorded sound.
Program 1 is an echo pro- gram which is used only for testing. It inputs via bit 0, outputs the bit right back to bit 1 of the input/output port, and then waits for a short while to simulate the delay between samples. When everything is running correctly, the audio coming out of the computer will sound very similar to the audio you could hear di- rectly at the output of the circuit of Fig. 7. (It, too, will sound harsh because of the lack of filtering.)
The program starts by ini- tializing the PIA to set up the correct bits for input and output The main part of the program (starting at
* *
* THIS PROGRAM IMPUTS DftlA FFEOM PORT ft BIT 0 »
* OF A PIA 1« PORT ?, AMD ECHOES IT TO BIT 1 ■¥
* •*
(0100)
0100 7F aom
0103 B6 0?
0(03 B? eoic
&10B S6 04 010A i? 801D
(»ic[< u doic
4110 4B
01M 91^ 02 01 1i 20 F5
PIAAAT EQU PIACTL im
tSOIC P(JRT A DATA/HIRECTIDN REG PlftBAT*! PORT A CONTROL REGISTER
ORG »0100 STftRT CLR PIACTL
LDA ft m
S1A A PIADAr
LDA A ^i^ 5TA A PIACTL LOOP LDft A flflPAT ASL A
STA is PIADAT »SR UAIT BRA LUOP
RESET PIfl
SET BIT 0=INPIJT. BIT 1 -OUTPUT
ItESET BftCK TD DATA
LOAD DfttA fROn PORT A BIT 0 SHIFT LEFT INTO BIT \ OUTPUT TQ PORT A BIT 1
GO BACK AHS\ REPEAT
* FOLLOUIHG UAIT R^UTIME INTRODUCES A DELAY « UHICH PERHITS SANPLIHG RATE TO BE EKAN6ED
IKniALIIE INttEX REGISTER DECREt1E«T INDEJi REPEAT IF mi YET ZERO
OTHEftUISE RETURU
|
0119 CE 0010 |
UAIT |
LDX |
HOOiO |
|
oni Q? |
MAITl |
DE)( |
|
|
OtU 26 FB |
BNE |
UAITt |
|
|
OllE 39 |
RTS |
Program 1. Echo test
170 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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*^ Reader Servtc&see page 226
73 Magaztrte • December, 1980 171
r *
» THIS PRQGRftM INPUTS DATft FROH PORT ft BIT 0 i
* OF A PIfl IN PORT 7, PfiCKS 6 BITS PER BYTE, * « ANB STORES THE DATA IN HEHDRr LI3CATIDNS lOOC «
* TO 7FFf . *
* ir
|
U01C} |
PIABAT |
EGU |
leOlE |
POftT A DATA/fllftECTlOM RE6 |
||
|
rsoiD) |
PlfiCTL |
EQU |
PlADftTH |
FOftT A CONTROL REGISTER |
||
|
tOlOO) |
ORG |
to 100 |
||||
|
0100 7f |
eoiD |
START |
CLR |
PIftCTL |
RESET Pi#i |
|
|
oioiS e& |
02 |
IDA |
ft |
it 2 |
SET BIT 0=^INPI;T, bit l^QUTPUT |
|
|
0105 &? |
fiOIC |
STA |
A |
PIABAT |
||
|
01 oe Si |
04 |
LDA |
ft |
4114 |
RESET BACK TO BATA |
|
|
OIOA &7 |
B01D |
5TA |
A |
FIACTL |
||
|
0100 CE |
!000 |
LDJS |
ritiooo |
POlNT TO MEHORY BUFFER ADDRESS |
||
|
0110 Ci |
oe |
LOOPl |
IDA |
B |
ft*OB |
|
|
0112 F7 |
0132 |
STA |
& |
BITCrft |
COUNT 3 BITS PER BYTE |
|
|
&1t5 4F |
CLR |
A |
ERASE A ACCJrtULATQR |
|||
|
01U Fi |
aoic |
L0QP2 |
LDA |
B |
PIADAT |
REAC DATA INTO B ftCCUrtULATOR |
|
OH? C4 |
01 |
AND |
g |
«iai |
ftASK OFF EOERnHlNG EXCEPT SlT 0 |
|
|
ens 4B |
ABL |
A |
SHIFT A ACCyft LEFT |
|||
|
one IE) |
Al^^ |
ADiJ WELJ BIT FRQH B TO A |
||||
|
01 ID Ci |
10 |
LEA |
B |
HIIO |
SET LJP COyhfTEft FOR SAHPLIHG DELAY |
|
|
011F 5ft |
4AIT |
DEC |
e |
PECREHENT B |
||
|
^iia 26 |
FJ |
m |
UAH |
REPE^^T IF NOT YET ZERO |
||
|
0122 7ft |
0132 |
DEC |
BITCTR |
DO FOR 8 BITS |
||
|
0125 2i |
EF |
BNE |
LaOP2 |
BET H£XT eiT |
||
|
012? A7 |
00 |
STA |
A |
0,X |
STORE BtTE UHEN COMPLETED |
|
|
012i? 08 |
IWX |
INCREMENT INDEX REGISTER POINTER |
||||
|
012A 3C |
7fFF |
zn |
fl(7FfF |
CHECK FOR END DF MEHORT |
||
|
01 2D 24 |
El |
BflE |
LOQPl |
REPEAT IF OK |
||
|
QT2F 7£ |
EODO |
JNP |
tEODO |
RETURN m nnmiQ^ miH dohe |
||
|
0132 |
HTCFR |
RH& |
1 |
BIT COUNTER TO COUNT 8 BITS |
Program 2. Ir^put
* *
* THIS PROfiRAN C£TS CATA FROH HEtlORY *
* LOCATIONS IOOO-7FfFr UNPACKS IT If*TO * t rj+DlVIDUAL BIT5» AND OOTPLTS TO PORT A *
* BIT 1 Of A PU IK POftT 7, *■
* *
(eoici leoiB)
PIADAT EQU
f^IACTL EOJ
02
aoic
04
80 ID 1000
03
01 B4 00
(OliO)
0180 7f S01D
S&
B7
67
CE C6 F7 A£ 16 49 59 59 SV C4 F7 U 5A 2£ 7A 24 08 9C 26 7E
START
01^3 01B5 0183 OISA
01BD 0190 01?3 0195 019? 019B 019V 019 A 019& 019C 019E 01A1 01A3 01 A4 01 Ai 01A? OlAB 01AC OlAf 01B1
LOOPl
LD0P2
02
eoic
OG
FD
&IB4
EC
7FFF
DF
EODO
UAIT
DRQ CLR L[^ft STA LDA STA LftX LDA STA LDA TAB ASL
mi
ROL RDL AHI^ STA LDA DEC bNE DEC BNE INK CP)( BNE JMP
130 1 C
PIADATtI
PIACTL
H2
PIADAT
«f4
PtACTL
tttlOOO
ttfoe
BiTCTR 0,X
Iit02 PIAMT
ttioe
WAIT
tnCTR LD0P2
ItlJFFF
LOOPl *EOPO
0184
BITCTR RHB 1
POST A DATAADIR REGISTER PORT A CONTROL REGISTER
RESET PI A
SET BIT 0-lHPUT, BIT l=OUTPyT
RESET BACK TQ DATA
POINT TO hEHORY BUFFER ^^iSDRESS
COUNT 8 BITS PER BYTE
GET NEXT BYTE FROM ttEMDRV
TRANSFER IT TO B REGISTER
SHIFT A ACCUrt LEFT 1 BIT
ROTATE B LEFT 3 BITS TQ tlGUE THE CUftRENT
BIT FROM BIT ? (LEFT-rtOSTJ TNTD
BIT 1 ^SECOND FftOM RIGHT }
HASK OFF EVERYTHING EXCEPT BIT I
OUTPUT TO RIA
SET UP COUNTER FOR SAMPLING DELf^V
DECf^EHENT S
REPEAT IF NOT TET liKQ
m FQR a SITS
IF BIT COUNTER NOT ZERO
INCREMENT INDEX UHE^ BYTE IS &DWt
CHECK FOR £*fD OF ftEHORif
REPEAT IF OK
RETURN TO HOHITOR UHEH DONE
BIT CODNTEft. TO CQUNT B BlTr
Program 3. Output
the statement labeled LOOP) loads a bit from the PIA, shifts it left from bit 0 into bit 1, and outputs it. Then it branches to a WAIT subroutine for a short de- lay, after which it branches back to LOOP.
For experimental pur- poses, it's important to be
able to calculate how many samples are taken per sec- ond. This is done by com- puting how many computer clock cycles are required for each instruction in the loop. In Program 1, the main loop takes 31 clock cycles plus 8 cycles for each repetition of the
WAIT1 loop. With the WAIT1 loop initialized (with the LDX instruction) to run 16 times (0010 hexadec- imal), the total time be- tween samples is 31 + (16) X [8) = 159 clock cycles.
In a typical SWTP com- puter running with a 900-kHz clock, each clock cycle takes 1.11 microsec- onds, so that the total delay between samples is 177 mi- croseconds; this translates into a sampling rate of about 5600 samples per sec- ond, which is about the minimum that can be used for acceptable results. For 8000 samples per second, the LDX instruction should be changed to run the WAIT1 loop 10 times.
Once the echo test pro- gram reveals that the A/D conversion and the compu- ter input/output circuitry is working correctly, Program 2 can be used to input data into the computer's mem- ory, while Program 3 is used to output it back to the speaker. Both of these pro- grams have a WAIT loop which provides some con- trol over the delay between samples. There is some lee- way here in adjusting this delay. If the number of samples taken per second is changed above or beiow 8000 (to increase playing time, for instance), the clock oscillator frequency in the identifier circuit of Fig. 3 also has to be changed to a similar value or the final output will have a pitch which is too high {like Donald Duck) or too low.
Both programs are lo- cated in low memory, with the input program starting at location 0100 [hex) and the output program at 01 80. They do not overlap and, therefore, can be in mem- ory at the same time, Thus, we can input audio, store it in memory, and then output it right back.
The programs are written for a 32K computer and use locations 1000 (hex)
through 7FFF to store the re- sultant digital data. This is a total of 28K of memory; at the rate of IK per second, this can store a total of 28 seconds of sound. When Program 2 is finished, it re- turns to the monitor. Rather than calculate the sampling rate by computing the num- ber of cycles per loop, etc., an easier way to adjust the WAIT loop is to note how long the overall program runs. If it runs exactly 1 sec- ond per K of memory used, then it is running at 8192 samples per second.
By changing the starting address (1000 hex) or the ending address (7FFF) in Program 3, we can ''play" back just selected portions of the input. In this way, we can pick one of several ver- sions of the same call, choosing the one that sounds best. This allows us to edit the data before it is stored into EPROM. Once you find the portion which sounds best, burn that por- tion into the EPROM and keep the rest of the EPROM data empty (an erased 2716 EPROM has a hex FF in every location). This will as- sure that no noise or sounds are in the EPROM other than the actual call.
Conclusions
While this talking identi- fier won't win any awards for hi-fi quality, it is perfect- ly understandable and ful- fills its purpose well. It also gives you a chance to ex- periment With speech re- production via digital means. In addition, it's a lot more satisfying to build such a device from com- monly-available tCs than to go out and buy an expen- sive synthesizer chip or sys- tem. Why don't you try it?
So, if you ever hear some- thing grumble "K20AW'' on 146.52 as I speed by your house on the nearby Inter- state, maybe you'll be able to turn on your own IDer and have it come back to me.H
172 73 Magazine • December, 1980
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73 Magazine * December, 1980 173
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174 73 Magazine * December, 1980
CORRECTIONS
May, 1930
''A 'Short' Yard' Antenna for
40/75 — fits where others wonT'
The spacing between the length of vertical copper or alu- minum wire shown in Fig. 1, page 78, should be 8 inches, no! 8 fee!!
June. 1980
**DQwn With Interpoiation—a
digital display for the Triton and
others"
On page 36, Fig. 1 » the pin 6 of the 74196 shown going to + 5 V should fc>e pin number 10. On page 39. column 2, line 2, pins to check on the 7490 should be 8, 9, and 11.
if the readout displays chang- ing random figures, the crystal is probably not oscillating. When ordering crystals, it is al- ways a good idea to send along a schematic of the circuit, with values indicated, in which the crystal will be used.
As stated in the caption for Fig, 3, page 38, there are fre- quencies other than 409.6 kHz which can be used. If your read- out works on all bands except 28 MHz, It Is probably the 74C925 which is at fault. This chip is specified for a minimum re- sponse of 2 MHz— typically 4 MHz. Since the mixer frequency forthe 10-meter band is 2.1 MHz, your 74C925 may have a re- sponse of less than this.
Brooks Carter W4FQ Irmo SC
July, 1980
"ADDSCAN — flow you can be
two places at once*"
In Fig. 2, page S2, the polarity of C1 should t>e reversed from
V*
what is shown. We apologize for the error in the author's call. It should be WB9SFC.
'*The Sweet Sounding Probe
f*
The reference designators for the ICs shown in Fig, 1, page 84, were omitted. The 555 is U1; 741 is U2; and 78L12 is U3.
August, fSflO
"On Ter} FM — honre of the free,
land of the brave"
Vd like to add a few words of clarification to my article. The best source Tve found fort he CB circuit boards is Surplus Elec- tron ics (Miami, Florida) who ad- vertise in 73. Specify the PTBM036AOX CB circuit board with 40*channel switch. These boards contain the easy-to- work-with PLL02A frequency synthesizer PLL chtp, rather than some odd-ball chip for which there is no readily avail- able data, and are of better qual- ity than other boards I've seen, Sam's CB series of Photofacts, Nos, CB-129 (Midland 13 8866) and CB-131 (Hy-Gain IX), are the best sources of schematics and technical Information for these boards.
John F. Sehring WB2EQG
Oradell NJ
September, 1980 "The Penultimate CPO — a non- discrete LSI device''
Pin numbers for IC2b were in- advertently left out in Fig. 2, page 62. The missing numbers are shown in the accompanying diagram.
TOfC ADJUST
m
\\i(M
471
SOX
r-i
MM
'CENTER
pfiEg
vrr 1 — ^i
m
lOOK
n
1 lOQK
•90K
HemsBd Fig. 2, ''The Penuftimate CPO.'
October, 1980
**NASA Satelliles You Can
Use— with permission, of
course"
In the math box on page 52, the calculations for Washington DC should have indicated that X, the difference between satellite longitude and site tongitude, was obtained using Washington DCs west longitude of 77^ de- grees.
Joseph D. Novak K40VK
Vienna VA
Map of States Worked
A calming note to our readers In British Columbia and Michi- gan: No* Vancouver Island has not been traded for the Upper Peninsula.
November, 1980 "Direct Conversion Lives— ex- citingly simple receiver project"
There are three corrections to this article— the easy ones first:
On page 66» Fig. 3, pin 6 on the LM380 is shown m two places. The pin 6 shown as being grounded should be pin 4,
On page 68. column 3, 8 lines from the bottom^ mH should be uH.
Now for the big one! Also on page 68. Insert the following Just before Audio Filters In column 1.
The VFO and Buffer
i used separate vfos for 80m and 40m and after trying several circuits, I chose the series-tuned Clapp oscillator because of its good stability. The output part of the vfos and the buffer are ex- actly like that used by PAOSE. His was a good design and I find no need to change it. it has one weakness, though: Because it is a broadband buffer, the second harmonics of the vfos also ap- pear at the mixer. This is espe- cially true of the 80m vfo where the second harmonic of, for ex- ample. 3.6 MHz mixes with a very strong commercial station on 7.2 MHz. I tried a 40m series- tuned trap from the drain of the FET In the BOm vfo, but it cured the problem only partially. (This also was the case without rf am- plification at the front end.) I solved this problem by changing the singletuned input circuit as used by PAOSE to a double- tuned one as shown in Fig. 3.
The capacitors of this double- tuned circuit are two gang-tuned 35€-pF variable capacitors (700 pF total) and the inductances are so chosen such that the 3.5-MHz resonance occurs with the plates nearly fully closed. Resonance at 7,0 MHz then oc- curs with the plates nearly fully
Audio Ampttfication
After some trials with other circuits. I agree with PAOSE that an FET audio amplifier is about the best device for a first audio stage after the mixer. The audio transformer, T2, is a 1k;tOk. which is far from ideal, but it was the only one available tocah iy. Far better would be one with a 50 2: 10k impedance ratio, as the output impedance of the MD108 is 50 Q. The final audio amplifier, the LM360; provides plenty of audio and is better than the LM386 which 1 used at first.
"Tune tn the Wind— a do-it-your- self hot-wire anemometer"
On page 81, column 4, line 3 would make more sense if ''about'' were to be replaced with ''above."
'*The Odd Couple— CASEY/I tackles QSCAR's telemetry''
In column 4, page 1 10, the last two lines of the article refer to the article listed In reference 2. The reference number was omit- ted from the last line. Also, please note my new address.
Rich Casey WA9LRI
1818 Hemlock
Garland TX 75041
**Be Prepared! — 30 meters for the FT-107B"
Please note a change in my address.
Mark H, Monson EL5Q/KB8NO
Box 1046 Monrovia, Liberia
"New Weather Eye in the Sky — a primer on NOAA's TIROS"
In Table 1(t>)on page 177, sUb- point latitude for 76 minutes af* ter crossing should be —01.1, not -91.1-
On page 181. column 1, the first sentence of step 3(A) should read. "Break theconnec* tion t)etween the vertical size pot and the input line of the vertical deflection amplifier.'*
73 Magazine * December. 1980 17S
1980 INDEX
AMPLIFIERS
They Don't Make 'Em Like They Used To W20LU
Shoes and Socks for the lC-502....„. .,..N4QH
A Final Sotution.,.» ,... W4ANL
The Two-Meter Monkey.,, ., KL7GLK
A Conversion with Gusto., „., WB2WIK
ANTENNAS
The Procrastinalor's Special:
A SimpEe Six-Band Antenna... «.„w... W6TKA/0
Rotary Beam for 10 or15: the 18-2 .„„........„W6TYH
The 20-Meter Double Bobtail W8HXR
Simple Switcher..,..,, ..,.„ WB5SFB
Taming the Monster Quad ,.,. » WA4JQS
For Cheapskates Only: A No-Frills Tilt-Over W9YFG
WearYour Halo with Style W9NMX
Curtain Raiser ....W2JTP
Who Needs a Rotator? W8HXR
A Tribander for the Attic , , W4UCH
A "Short-Yard" Antenna for 40/75 W9CRC
Antenna Fans: Try the Skeleton Slot ,. Staff
Stick 'Em Up .,„„, , .WB2MYT
Old Fishermen Never Die.......
h*-r< k *•• l-ai't-ii *■'*'■«■•'•' t- 1
,...WA4LLE Hustler Minibeam;
the Mobileer's Secret Weapon K4TV\/J
A Beam for Less than a Buck KA8CGE
The California Crank-Up... „„......»...»„W6WDF
The Beachside 2-Meter Beam. " K1QPS
Double Duty Mag-Mount Antenna ....K4IQJ
A 40-Meter Quad for $20..»» WA4JQS
A Dtrt-Cheap Tower Bas&.,.»-*v,„,*.„v...-..«»......WA5TDT
Triband Dual Delta ....,WB6MMV/7
Try a Fox and Hare Special „..SVQWX
Sheathe Thyself WA8WTE
A Low-Life Antenna AB5S
AWiderWindom WA4PYQ
Working in Wood ,......,....WB3ICL
TheQRM Klllen , ......„.„ ...,. ..,W9HBF
The40'Meter Band Blaster .„. ,„..W9HBF
The Center-Fed Bizarre N6RY
The Amazing Bobtail. .
Our Readers Respond ,.,„..„„ W8HXR
ATV
The Arcane Art of ATV.
CB CONVERSIONS
CB-to-10 FM— best conversion yet?
..- „..,..... ..K1 DCS, N1XN,W1WR0/N2XN
CB-to-10 FM Continued—
another way to join the fun on 29.6 WB2EQG
GB to 10— part XXII:
more talk power for the TRC-1 1 ,. N4APN
CB to 10— part XXIII: the Sears Roadtatker40...W6SZS
CB to 10— part XXIV: Penne/sSSBrig,.... ,WA4UUV
CB to 10— part XXV:
using those surplus 40-channel boards AF8B
CB to 6—
convert a 49-MHz HT into something......... W9CGI
CB to 10— part XXVI: the Cobra 132......»..»....WA1 UQC
Ce to 10— part XXVII: new JifeforSSBCB rigs.,.. N6SD CStolO-partXXVIM:
double your channels In SSB conversions WB2EQG
On Ten FM—
home of the free, land of the brave. WB2EQG
176 73 Magazine • December, 1980
108 66
125 84
130
106 36 44 48 50 52 58 60 61 62 78 80 83 84
104 122 131 132 134 136 138 146 148 70 134
68 116
88 179
72
Jan
Apr
Jul
Sep
Sep
Jan
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
May
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May
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May
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Jul
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1 1 0 Dec
.WB8DQT 50 Oct
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Goin' Mobile — equipment for
air-conditioned gypsies...... KL7IPE/DA1SM, DF7NM
CB to 10— part XXiX:
put that Hy-Gain CB board to use W1 BG
CONSTRUCTION
Go-Cart .W4MEA
The PL-259 Connection,. AC5P
The IC Outener,..,,..,., WA4WDL, WB4LJM
Constructing QRP Dummy Loads... W10LP
PC Artwork Made Easy .......W3HIK
Rubber Thumbs and Pilot Lamps.. ...„„»». .K3MPJ
A Proper Pedestal for PCBs ........Staff
Silence is Golden... , ,, ,«. Powell
Meet the Little Giant , K4JHN
Load a Lawn Chair... ..WB5PPV
PC Boards— A Photographic Method,.. WB5HGR
Cheap Connectors for Half-Inch Hardline WD4LWC
CONTROL
Personalize Your Repeater with a Voice ID.„ K9EID
Personality Pius for your Repeater„^,,„„„ „„..K9EID
Troubie-Free ID Timer.. ». WA8HEB
Good-Bye to Autopatch Hassles WB2LEI/4
Repeater Time-Out Warning KA6A
Get Out and Vote WA9FDP/WR9ACD
CORRECTIONS AND FURTHER INFO "The MiCROSIZER: Computerized Frequency
Control" (October, 1979)....-...... ,
"Yes, You Can Build This Synthesizer" (October, 1979)
"Son of Keycoder" (November, 1979)
"What Do You Do When Your Rotator Dies?"
(November, 1979)....
'The Dollar^Saver DVM" (January, 1980)
"Build this $50 Mini-Counter" (December. 1979). „..«..,„
"The Dollar-Saver DVM" (January, 1980),.... ..,.
"An LEO Display for the HW-2036^' (October, 1979).......
"You Can Watch Those Secret TV Channels'*
1 /x LJ \j VJ U i. ■ I W I ^7jr ■■^■■■rBiiiiirilb-illll-ill-l-LI-l-l-ll-l-l-IW fV« W *« »PI'llP'4«PII-IIFPqRP'»li'FIII
"Neat Readout for the 2036" (March, 1980)
"Lab-Quality Hi I Supply" (March, 1980)
^'A M icro-Contfolled Ham Station" (April, 1980)
^'The Paper, the Station, and the Man" (February, 1980)
''Antenna Engineer" (May, 1980)..,.
"Fun with Foozle" {June, 1980)-. »....
H^reTix witaiienge (June, i^70u)iMi •■■■■■■■i4..<«..H4i.*k...>>i
"Cheapy Scanner for the MemorEzer"(Aprii, 1980)
"Down with Interpolation" (June, 1980).»
"Electronic Dice— A Family Pleaser" (June, 1980)...
"TheStoien Rig Retriever" (June. 1980}...
"A 'Short^Yard' Antenna for 40/75" (May, 1980)
*'Down with Interpolation" (June, 1980)
"ADDSCAN" (July, 1980)
"The Sweet Sounding Probe" (July, 1980)
"On Ten FM" (August, 1980)
"The Penultimate CPO" (September, 1980),..,*.
"NASA Satellites You Can Use" (October, 1980)
"Map of States Worked" (October, 1980),.
"Direct Conversion Lives'' (November, 1980)
'Tune In the Wind" {November, 1980)
"TheOdd Couple" (November, 1980). .,»».».
"Be Prepared!*' (November, 1980)..,.w„».,.......-v.*..i.
"New Weather Eye in the Sky" (November, 1980), ,...
cw
Sound-Sensitive CW Sender,.. .....W2GZ
QRQ, QRS— By the Numbersh»„„. W7BSX
Check Chirp with a Choke ......WA2MEU6
Build the ZL Paddle ZL2GA
The Confidence Builder »».. wa4TYL
Double-Duty CW Keyboard.... ..K1GN
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EQUIPMENT MODIFICATIONS
A Brasspounderrmproves Heath's HR-1680.......,KA5N
The Nearly Perfect WE-600 „„... K10TW
Catch You on the Flip-Flop „ .^^ K7ACN
Add "Em Up: An IC-22S Programmer _.AA4RM
Gone But Not Forgotten , .AD5X
Neat Readout for the 2036... ,.-...»„..K3GRX
Modernize That Boat Anchori.... . *AD5X
Cheapy Scanner for the Memonzer„„«..„„„.,WA20RU
Hi-Fi CW for the TS-820.» ».,.».„».,„. K3H8P
SWLing? Try This Souped-Up SSR-1 -„,.»„„. G3WDr
Off the MARS wflh theS1„-™„ K5EDS
Down wtth Interpolation , ...W4FQ
The Phoenix Ffx „ „,,,, .„WA3AJR
Adding a Scanner to Your 2m Rig ...WASHES
The IC-21 1 Cookbook ,„..K3VGX
Priorily Frequency Power-Up
for the FT-227R.„, .„,„„„,„ „.._. .WA1AUM
10 Meters for the SB-221...... .„.„„WA2KSM
Outboard Power for the 820 KL7GRF/6
Digital Boat Anchor .„„ „. ...WB1ASL
Top-Banding the DX-60B— part I WB1ASL
FT-227 Update,„„,„„„ „. WAlGPO
Triton IV Quick Tricic ,..„.„.„,AG4R
Who Needs SSB? .„_.K8JS
How to Make a Good Scanner Better„,„,„.„,..WA4PYQ
Gilding the Lily _ „„„„„„.„.WB4HI_Z
Mike Mods for tti© KDK-2016A„- „„„«WB9WNU
Getting the SB-220 to Idle „.*. W9RY
Be Prepared I.. .„„„...,„ „„.„„„.„„ „„.KB8NO
Top-Banding the DX-60B— pami,„. WB1ASL
Clean Sweep for the FT-221 ™„,,„„,,..WB<JLLP
Scanner Magic for Heath's 2036. , WA4BZP
Singje-Tone Pagmg for Wtlson NTs «™ ,W4BF
GADGETS
A Better Car Regulator. «. „.Gelsinger
Fieid-Strength Fever ..., ,„,, W6D0B
The Stolen Rig Retriever. , .„„„WB6KBM
Electronic Dice— a Family Pleaser „... W7BBX
Fun with Foozle. „..,„„,.„„. W7BBX
Listen In Secrecy
with a Giant Inductive Loop ZL2AMJ
Transform Noisy Fluorescents ..» W20LU
The Penultimate CPO N6HI
The Two-Hour Audio Amp *„.„...., K7HKL
The Little Thinker. WB4RXB
Undertones .» W4FEC
Field Strength for Free ,.,*.*.•*.««**, Staff
Stay Cool with TM„„ „ .WB2EQG
Tune In the Wind. .,.,, VE7DKR
An Amp for QRPp Addicts, „,„ ..„„..WA(IRBR
Build a Talking Digital IDer...„™„. -«,„-.„..K20AW
HISTORY
The Paper, the Station, and the Man»„... .»W3CFC
Albert and his Momentous Theories,,,,. ,,„.... Lutus
The History of Ham Radio— part XI... W9CI
Early Radio Detectors— A Backward Glance W5JJ
'That*s the Way It Was. , ." .„... ...K2VGV
Notes from Big Sky Country .••„•„ K6CK
Those Fabulous Fifties,,, ,„»„». W1 FK
Over There ™.... ,„„™,. >„,™ W9IWI
One Man's Magazine: Twenty Years of 73...... ..».N1AUI
Who Really Invented Radio?. .WB2NEL
HUMOR
Future Rig and Rigamarole W6HDM
Let's QSY to .52 „.WB2RVA
A Transistor for True Believers, „,.,.„„„„„WB7CMZ
How To Be An Amateur.,.*..... ,.•.•,- „„„W2ZGU
Ox/rTIC' ^3%jy^ nrlQl^C ll*«.<.i.,.ii,»BKBBBHUK.f ■■-■■■■■■■■,»*HBBAa«ai,kT\j_\./riO
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I/O
HowtoWritea RTTY Program., ,„„„.. WA4FM2
The Perfect Morse Machine „.„.„... WA5VQK
Microcomputers and Your Satellite
Station— part I........ .„ -,„„„. ,WB8DQT
Microcomputers and Your Satellite
Statfon-^part II _„ ...,WB8DQT
Design Practical PLL and Tfmer Circuits... ....N2RG
OUPECALL. . .for Your Next Contest , K4TSY
COM PU LOG: A Multi-Purpose
Record Keeper.. „ .....WA1ZSE
Computer System I/O Interface , ...VE3CAF
Number Fun on your Micro ...W3KBM
Baudot Message Formatter. , .W6RLL
A Micro-Controlled Ham Station. ..W4UCH/2
CW and the TRS-80 „„.. WB7TUG
Breakthrough? A Computerized
Antenna Rotator!.... K3LR WB3CTZ
Antenna Engineer., ,-».„„. , K8UR
SWTP/H 14 Get-Together.... ...„,.*.- WA8GRG
Computerize Your Contest Paperwork WA8WIA
Emulate an Elephant., VE6BB
Prefix Challenge .AG6P
Welcome to the '80s,,,..,, ,„„ .....K3PUR
A Soft Approach to Logging...... .„.„.. .Minor
mVf with the H8 „„«.. ....W5IFQ
A Programmers Potpourri,,.,..*... K20AW
Late Check-Ins Come Now ..„„ „.„-.„N8AD
A Computer-Controlled
Talking Repeater— part l.,„ .„.*...... WA6AXX
Murphys Own OSCAR Tracker™^ K8BG
The Odd Couple,,..,. ........WA9LRI
PL Tones froma KIM-1 .,., , ..WD8CHH
Super Duperfor Field Day........ .......__....WB5KVZ
A/D Converters Explalnedt WB4UHY
A Computer-Controlled Talking
Repeater— part IL.,.„ „„...,-....... ...WA6AXX
Sixteen Channels of Digital Delight.,. WB4UHY
A Computer-Controlled Talking Repeater —
Make a Microcomputerlst Smile .AL7G
MISCELLANEOUS
DX with a Difference- the Utility Stations ..,WA3E0P
Home-Brew Holders for Icom Portables .KH6I AA
Sunspot Predictions for 1980 ....WA3NKP
Excavation Litigation.. , Hecht
On the Trail of the Hamburglar ..WfflEX
Sunspols, . .What Do They Mean?,.,. G3WDI
More on Jammer Nabbing......... .....„WB0CMC
Hams on the TrafI of UFOs K8NON
The Demise of Component Stores.. ........VE3FLE
Another Place* Another Time Anon.
The Rites of Spring N1AUL WB8BTH. KA1HY
All About Coordinated Universal Time, WA7NEV
Ham Economics: Selling Used Gear K5CA
Like to See My Etchings?.„„„„„«*.„*„„.„ „..W60J J
In Profile: Dick Bash KL7IHP,., .N1AUI
Escape from Mt^St. Helens! W7WFO
Sheila Ran] „..„, .....WB0IFF
The First Man in Space Was a Ham ,..W1QMS
Win Friends for Your Club ..,....„ „._....WA5TUM
Welcome Back. Barry!........,,.*,. .,*., ,.K7NZA
Return to Shangri-la ..*»*...„ ,W1QMS
An Even Better iC Timer... *„... , WA0PBQ
MOBILE/PORTABLE
The Soft Mount •.,<„,,„ .,••„., ....W2QFC
Power X 2. . . Plus! .„.- WA5TDT
NEW PRODUCT ARTICLES The Europa^B Two Meter Transverter ...G3ZCZ 110 Jan
73 Magazine * December, 1980 177
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fr4i#44# V«fl ■»«•*«-««««'« 41 4 '<
■ ■iilB-riaai
Ftf« *'-#«« I
■■^■■'fVV-«««!PiHBVll««BBV ««' '
6m Fun with the FT-625RD...,,..„, ,„W60JF
Going 2m All-Mocle with Yaesu^s FT'225RD W60JF
Tempo S1 2-Meter Portable..... .„ WB9HRV
Those Hamtronics Kits. . .
How Can You Use Them?..,,,., WA4PYQ
The Don Nobles Descramblers...,i.*.;«..,..fc.;*....WA4PYQ
tnside Radio Shack's Digital Receiver..... .W4PGI
Automated Operating Comes of Age K3CMV
NEW PRODUCT SECTION
AzdenPCS'2000 Transceiver „
DSI 5600A Frequency Counter. *.
AEA Morsematic Keyer „
EP-8 Pocket Shortwave Receiver
OK Machlneand Tool Mini Shears.,..
Curtis IM-480 Keyer
Ten-Tec Model 299 Talking Counter ,„..
Optoefectronics Frequency Counters....
Discoil HF Mobile Antenna...
Info-Tech M-200E Tr^Mode Converter... WA4PYQ
Yaesu FT'207R HT (2m)„..._, , K4TWJ
DSI 50'H2-500 MHz Pocket Frequency Counters.
Heath 1680/1681 CW Receiver/Transmitter ,,..
Fox-Tango Crystal Filters ,. ,
Fotografix Magnetic Signs..
Hamtronics Catalog
OK Machine and Tool BW-2630 Wrapping Tool
BullelZulu Clock Kit , ,
Selectone Multi-Frequency Encoder .„..
RadioShack Wireless Remote Control.
Heath 2-kW Antenna Tuner.. , ,....
Clutterfree Modular Consoles. ,.„.,.. WA4PYQ
Macrotronics M650 RTTY Interface Unit WSFX
M F J P h o n e P ate h es — „v;, .,, , ..; . .,„„,». . W A 4 P YQ
AEA KM-1 Keyer ..,,....„...
Kantronlcs Field Day Morse/RTTY Reader...
OK Machine and Tool Prototype Boards
SkytecCW Speaker... .„....r*,»...,i K4TWJ
KLM KT-34XA Triband Yagi..„„^,„i.w....^.,^.».
Prat Moss VHF Transmitter ..........WA4PYQ
OK Machine and TooIJust Wrap Kit..
DenTronGLA-1000 Linear Amplifier „..,
Heatli Remote Coax Switch , ...,
Bird Digital Rf Wattmeters
Bullet SE 01 Sound Effects Generator..... -.,.,..N4XX
MSCOMM BTA-1 RTTY Control Center ...,
Azden PCS-2000 2m FM Transceiver.. ...WAOOKV
Pace Communicator MX HT.. KA5ECP
Kenwood TR-240O HT... N6H1
Spectrum TTC100 Decoder/Control.
Telex HDR300 Rotator..........
Hustler G7 220 220-MHz Base Antenna.^,,
Heath SA-7010 Triband Yagi,
Communications Specialists TE-12P Encoder,-.,,*.,.,.,,.
Regency K500 Programmable Scanner WA4PYQ
Microcraft Morse-A-Word Code Reader ,
AEA Morsematic Keyer WB8BTH
Global Specialties Wire Kit.
Amerex Unibox Packaging Components
Grove Enterprises Frequency Directory ,
Te n- Tec Argonaut51 5,.„,„„, . ....^*
lcomlC-2AHT ,..„.,,, WB6TOV/1
Technical Clinic Ham Scan-2...,. ,.WD8JLW
THS Electronics PA 1-10 2m Amp
Larsen Kulduckie Antennas.......
XitexUDT-170TU , ..,,.,,
Robot Model 650 Scan Converter ..,..
Micro Control Specialties Mark 3CR Repeater....
Ten-Tec Hercules Linear Amp
B & W BC'1 Batun....... ,.
Trac Model TE-292 Keyer
Kantronics Signal Enforcer Audio Filter.
178 73 Magazine • December, 1980
" ' '•mi* m i- tfi >'• s *t* ■■
114 1 *m ■■ d •■ A « i
p-7-«'q'«-|P4'W «■.«-« SI «■'■'■>!■' y «
■ ■ ■ "^ 4 « ■ frIJJ kl-l-t ■■■4'1-ldri-llildd M.m ■ A h ■ ■
■P^VVi-l-BI
■Vt¥PTFPI-BlifeKnBfeflllkBfei:»tai
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KLM SSV 80-40-15 Triband Vertical
Hust[er5-BTV Vertical Antenna
Bearcat Four-Six ThinScan Scanner.
Hy-Gain Catalog ..., -.....,.,......,..
Hustler MKR-2 2m Fixed Station Mounting Kit .,.
Heathkit SA 2040 Antenna Tuner K4KY0
Spectrum Communications ID 1000 CW
Station Identifier ,..
AEA KT- 1 Keyer Trainer., ,„„„,,«,.„ WB8BTH
Hamtronics Converters and Amps
Collins/Rockwell KWM-3S0 Transceiver.,..,.„....K4TWJ Kenwood R-1000 General Coverage Receiver
WA4PYQ
i^'l p-H ■«■■■■#■ d i ■■■■ i It ■■#'■> I "i ■■■ fa ■ 1 Vf ^ ^r P n \Jt
: i i^-iv^-fH^w^iaifldii-iavql-ii^
Peripheral People Software................................
KLM 40-10V Multiband Vertical..
RSGB World Prefix Map... N8RK
Swan Astro 102BX Transceiver N8RK
Con-puter 1 Memory Keyer
loom fC2AT Synthesized Handje-Talkie..... K4TWJ
SoundpowerSPlOO Speech Processor.,,,.,,, N8RK
Microcraft RTTY Reader.
■ n- r-w* ■ *«««-Piv« r ^ V •fwn
F m ^t^'mw^-ti-m-ti dJk '**% b i
Instant Software "QSL Manager" Software ...N8RK
Circuit SpeciaHsts Repeater 'Tail Chopper"...........,..,..
Grove Enterprises Sounds of Shortwave
Cassette , .........NSRK
Hy-Gain HG-70HD Tower and Accessories
Archer Engineer's Notebook
P. C. Electronics TVC-4 ATV Downconverter, .,.,,,.„
Heathkit HDP-1473 Allband Verticai v.twv.**.,,.,
Azden PCS-2800 10-Meter FM Transceiver. W1GV
Hickok LX304 Digital VOM „.,,
Radio Shack Safe House Alarm System......... .....N8RK
Ten-Tec Omni-C Transceiver .„.,-,;.„..;........».
Spectrum Communications SCR4000
UHF Repeater ,....„„,.,..„. „
MFJ Model 959 Receiver Antenna
Tuner/Preamplifier..... ...„.„,.„ WA4PYQ
Hamtronics CA Series Receiving Converters
Drake R7 General Coverage Communications
Receiver... .„„-.,.,„.„„., WA4PYQ
Radio Shack DX-302 General Coverage
Receiver... .,.........„....„„,, WA4PYQ
Mirage Model B23 2-meter Amp..
Jameco J E610 ASCII-Encoded Keyboard Kit.
Grove Enterprises VHF/UHF Scanner Beam....^..
Heathkit Frequency Counter Line ....„ ,.„....
International Crystal TV-4300 Sateliite Receiver
COMMSOFT RTTY89 Software „.,
Teltone DTMF Decoder ,., ,
Kantronics Fiefd Day 2 RTTY Reader,.. WA4PYQ
R. H. Johns Current Shunts for DMMs
Palomar Engineers Antenna Tuners ,.„N8RK
ETCO Catalog .„. .„,
Radio Shack Space-Saver Desk , KBONV/1
MFJ Model 1020 Active Antenna , WA4PYQ
Shure Model 444D Microphone
Micro-80 Amateur Radio Theory
Review Software .„..„.. ....KAOBYS
AEA Model CK-1 Electronic Keyer
Jameco Desk-Top Enclosures „.,*,-^:„„
Heath ICTimers Self-Instruction Program
Hamtrontcs VHF FM Exciter Kit,,,,, ,.,
Centurion Antennas ,. ..„„„„.„..,..„.„
Gilfer NRD-515 Allband Receiver _...
Sony ICF-2001 General Coverage Receiver.... WA4PYQ
B&W T2FD Folded Dipole....... WA4PYQ
Karetron SC'76 Scanning Module
OPERATING
QRP from Canton island KH6GB
Hurricane! 8P6KX/9Y4JW
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The Pope Comes to the Cornffefds .WD©AKB. AK0Q
Take a Hike K4FD
The Rains of Morvi ........,„ .,„„VU2ST
Trash All Your Wornes.,..,. ..,,,„, „„„„„. „WA5TUM
Busman's Holiday...™ - , K4BKKA/P1 RS
*'No Problem, . .No Problem" ._.„„„..,..,.„. W4LVM
Hams vs. Hurricane Alien.,,, ,.»«. N8RK
The Radio Spectrum at a Glance... *•.••*. .**,..WA4PYQ
A New Frontier„.„.„ *„ -„„„„.„..„, .K4TW J
POWER SUPPLIES
A Better Overvoftage Protection Circyil....*,*..,,.W7RXV
Lab-Quality Hi J Supply— part I..., ,.,. McClelfan
Lab-Quality Hi I Supply— part IL»» „„„„McClerfan
When Pius Goes Minus„.„ -....„„ . ..Minchow
Depolarize that Power SupplyL... ,«.»»AA6C
A Different Kind of Charger ,..,,.. WB6MXD
Bridge Over Troubled Audio ,.K4IPV
The Battery Mmder*».i„,>,..**^**,^;»„„»„*,»„,„, ,„,;,,,,, K4GOK
RECEIVERS
Reawaken that Sleeping Rx. .....,.„.* Sara
Forward into the Past! ,.....W5JJ
Old Receivers Never Die , W4ANL
In Search of the Elusive SES , WA3UER
RTTY
Baudot-ASCII Converter Follow-Up......VE4YD, VE4CM
Moving Display ASCM Readout,,.,, ,„•*-„„„ W8VL
A Solid-State RTTY KeytKiard ...„-».,K2BLA
A Tlghtwad^s FSK Demodulator,*..,..*. .«.«.WA5WPQ
Hooray! An A FSK Auto IDer!...„.^.„„,„„.... , K3IJ
RYRYRYRY. ,...,.,....,........„„., ..„..Minchow
FtTTYQSK „ CT1EM/PY1AQL
SATELLITE— OTHER THAN OSCAR
NASA Satellites You Can Use .-..„ K40VK
Direct Printing FAX— part i,..,., „..„,.WB8DQT
New Weathef Eye in the Sky.. „„„....WB8DQT
Direct Printing FAX— part 11,. „,„... .WB8DQT
The Microwave Midget..,. , W3KH
SURPLUS
Surplus Treasures K1VfC/2
TECHNICAL AND THEORY NBVM: Dawn of an Era or Promotional Hype?..,..N8RK
How to Make Your Own Crystal Filters....... .....Staff
Zero In on Zero Beat „»W20LU
An End to Dials and Meters?.... ,.. Staff
In Search of Power Line Interference „„„„.- W4PZV
Hard Copy from your Xitex Terminal „.« W5SBL
Noise Rejector 11..^^,...,^,... ............. -WB6ZYK
Working with FETs ..WA2SUT/NNN(JZVB
The L With It ,.--. ................^ .„.K4KI
Ham Shack Numerology.... ,..„,„ ........W6HDM
A Do-It- Yourself Speech Compandor W6TNS/7
Morse Converter for
Frequency Displays ..WA6AXE/KH6
Back to SchooL„„. , .W6HDM
Home-Brew Rf Impedance Bridge.,., WB6BIH
VHP Signal Diffraction.. ,...W5GFE
The CapacHive Coaxiaf
Ground Wire,... DA1TMAA/D9HBB
Confused About Phased Arrays? .»„„„........ W5JJ
One Step at a Time:
Designing Your Own Ham Gear — part I... W4RNL
Tuning Antenna Mounted Preamps... „.,.... Staff
Who Needs a $40 Soldering Iron? ..Staff
One Step at a Tfme:
Designing Your Own Ham Gear— part N W4RNL
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Don't Be a dB Dummy! McMahan
The NMX Relay Deceiver. W9NMX
Thai Mysterious Mode: 10 FM „. WB2EQG
Free CMOS Timers ......WD5DDR
\^ f \i^ L# Pi "t# I Ig^ViP l<\ 10 ■4«fl««'a«ii'BBfla'»*iHnB-w»wivw«>«'««PHHPBBBBia-»w*v*«V!ni«fl«-B'«BHi|i+ r\*T I 1^ w
Egad! An Easy-to-ByildSynthesizerL,., .,„„N4CEY
Direct Conversion Ltvesl. ZS6UP
HV Power Rectifiers... ,WB2UIK
Teletext and Viewdata:
Are Vou Ready for the Information Boom? WB9KPT
TEST GEAR
Frequency Counter Survival Course *.,..McClel[an
The DollarSaver DVM ,.., ..........McCleHan
The Oscilloscope Sun^ival Course »**,„..„..McCleHan
Test Gear Bargain from Heath.,,......,..... ..-«...Staff
Semiconductor Test Gadget Truesdale
Build an Audio VOM.. „..„,..., AC5P
Measure Frequency on your DVM. .»...,» W3HB
Five Test Equipment Bargains from Heath... ...,W2QFC
Digital Transistor Checker, W4QBU/PY2ZBG
The Sweet Sounding Probe ,»........ W7BBX
The Multi-Media Bench Tester.... ...,. .WD4KFF
Counting with Class ..,..WB4EKB
Build a Better Battery Tester...... ...........^.^..Staff
VSWR._ Automatically!...... .....,,..,... WBIBGWP
Breadboard Signal Generator ,...K3QK0
82
128
44
113
192
210
64
92
Jul
Jul
Sep
Oct
Oct
Oct
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Dec
120 Dec
A 600-MHz Universal Counter,,,
•-#* •**•*+*«««**»««*
,..,.-W4VGZ
36
83
106
62
64 104
115
46
56
84
106
134
196
42
100
58
Jan Jan
Feb
Apr
Apr
Apr
Apr
Jun
Jun
Jul
Jul
Oct
Oct
Nov
Nov
Dec
TRANSMITTING
So You Want to Build a Beacon?.....
..K9EID 78 Feb
VHF AND HFGHER
Two Dollars a Tone.... ,...K88CL
The World Above 430— part I ....W9CG1
The World Above 430— part II...... .......W9CGI
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HAM HELP
Help!!l 1 am having difficulty In locating a schematic or oper* ating manual for the following piece of equipment. It looks like a modem but 1 want to be sure. It has a transmit and receive sec^ tion. The model number on the receive section ps ICRCU-RS-I. The model number on the trans- mtt section is 1CTCU-RS-1. It carries the Burroughs Trade- mark on the case but It was manufactured by Stefma. Inc. Burroughs and Stelma. Inc., have not been able to help. Any Information would be greatly ap- preciated.
Terry Hazelett
21 07 Capitol Dr,
Parkersburg WV 26101
I need a schematic and/or In- struction manual for a Collins 310B-1 exciter. I will buy a copy or reproduce one and return It. I also need an ac power supply
for a KWM-2A.
Herman F. Shnur K4CTG
115 Intercept Ave,
North Charleston SO 29405
I would like to correspond with people who have working models of com puter-contro tied or radio-controHed humanoid ro- tJOts. Thank you.
Matt Beha N8BPI
3752 Lane Court
St Joseph Ml 49085
Our school amateur radio club is in need of the schematic and/or instructions for a Ham- marlund four-20 transmitter. Payment for copies will be mailed or we will copy and send back if preferred.
Barringer High School
c/o F. Rice N2BVZ
90 Parker Street
Newark NJ 07105
73 Magazine • December, 1980 179
FUN!
from page 26
17) Stow-scan television Is permitted on(y on
upper-sideband. 16) Hertz rotation is an importarit factor in
moonbounce communication.
19) Amplitude-shift radtotelelype is also called '*make-and'bfeak" keying.
20) Color amateur television is permitted on- ly atK>ve 1296 MHz.
ELEMENT 4— SCRAMBLED WOflDS
Uosc ramble tliese words deal ing with speciaHzed mode activities.
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rswohe |
hpcun |
craos |
cibsa |
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trenrip |
ivode |
anocbe |
puknfl |
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tebl |
olop |
ormci |
xfa |
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rliadgt |
lupes |
cnsy |
eramac |
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rtc |
nisp |
retmoe |
nigp |
ELEMENT 5- HAMAZE
Here's a new type of maze specifically geared to hams. The object is to start at the circle and trace your way to the square by filling in the answers to the clues given below. To help you on the way, we've already given you the Hrst and last clue answers. AH words read either vertically downward or from left to right Each new word is on aperpencf/cu/arangleto the previous word. Words join on a common letter. Good luck.
IJ Mark and space (given) ^ RTTY automatic monitor- ing
3) Phase 111 computer chan- nel (abbr.)
4) Take antenna for a turn
5) Meteor and rain
6) Without pattern or a mem- ory
7) Betweer^ short and long waves
8) Frequency above 1 GHz
9) Moonbouncer's reply 10) Thousand prefix
11) You type on one
12) CRT, digital, etc.
13) TV scale
14) Satellite protection band 16) WAS, DXCC. etc.
16J People who sank Phase I (abbr.)
17) Greek; at a distance
1 8) RTTY error
19) Highest point or radio company
20) OSCAR rotator; -el
21) Skyhook: an (given)
THE ANSWERS
Etement 1: See illustration.
Element 2:
1 L 2-D, 3-E, 4-K, 5-C, 6-H» 7-G, 8^A, W, 10-R
Element 3:
1)True - Yes. but now there are many other funny noises to be heaitl
on this band.
2) True -With Charles Krum he formed the Morkrum Company which was eventually bought out by AT&T. He got to keep the salt busi- ness, however.
3) False- No, F1 is. Theonty FCC designation AF2M has is his Extra ticket.
4) True * Uke clockwork.
5) False - Only RTTY.
6) True - Many times.
7) True - With a little on 50 MHz and some activity at>ove 432.
8) True " WB21BE to K70FT, November 20. 1979, on 50 MHz.
9) True - Still not quite television in the conventional sense, but an improvement beyond slow scan.
10) True - Write to Washington stating your reason.
1 1) False - Most awards require a real signature on them for credit.
12) False - That^s really wideband! Kill the *'k."
13) False - No, it stands for Narrow Band Voice Modutation. The meter, however, vwouid probably be more useful.
14) False - Eighty and up.
15> False - All GW bands but Novice and 160.
16) False - Means ''Earth-Moon-Earth."
17) False - Only by convention on 20 and up,
18) False - The polarization change of a signal passing through the Earth's ionosphere is known as Faraday rotation.
19) True - Old practice that was eliminated when FCC approved fre- quency-shift keying.
20) False - Color television, fast scan or slow scan, is allowed on any appropriate amateur TV frequency.
Element 4:
(Reading from left to right) shower, punch, oscar, basic: printer, video, beacon, uplink; bell, loop, micro, fax; digital, pulse, sync, camera; crt* spin, meteor, ping.
Element 5: See illustration.
SCORING
Element 1:
See illustration. Twenty points for the complete puzzle, or 1/2 point
for each question you got.
Element 2:
Two points for each mode yoo matched to its equipment.
Element 3:
One point for each correct answer.
Element 4:
One point for each word successfully unscrambled.
Element 5:
Twenty points for complete puzzle, Of one point for each word.
180 73MBgazine • December, 1980
Total up your points and see the fevef of your technical expertise:
0-20 points - Lid 21-40 points - Physically-fit Conditional 41-60 points - KA 61 -80 points - A pro 81 and up - A Technician in tlUe fulf sense of the term
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Next month: Ham History
REVIEW
RADiO EQUtPMENT ANO SUPPLIES
It's been estimated that there are at least 8,000 collectors and enthusiasts of antique radio equipment in the United States. As is the case with all manner of antiquities, there's a great de- mand for literature on these old sets and the equipment that was used three generations back, when radio began to make itseff 1<nown to the public.
Radio Equipment and Sup- pties is 3 ISO-page catalog orrgK nally issued in 1922 by the Rob- ertson^Cataract Company of Buffalo, New Vork. a major dis- tributor in the field. It's full of pictures of receivers, transmit- tefs^ tubes, vario-couplers, tun- ing inductances, headphones, and all the apparatus that radio people of that day had to grap- ple with in order to ''bring in the stations'' or to ''get on the air"
To serve the interests of the antique radio buffs of today. The Vestal Press has made a top-
quality reprint of this 8Vz^' x 1 r' book. With its contents includ- ing 30 pages of receivers, 74 pages of accessories for receiv- ers, 30 pages on transmitting equipment, and 20 pages of ba- sic *'Radio Inlormation and Data/' there's something for ev- ery one of the present-day en- thusiasts. It contains literally hundreds of photographs and drawings, and the 1922 prices would make anyone weep* It's certainly Interesting, in the light of today's highly sophisticated electronics, to view the astound- ing changes that have occurred in the past 60 years.
Copies are available directly from The Vesta i Press Ltd., Box 97, Vestal NY 13850, or through any bookstore, for $12.50 + 754; shipping {NY residents add sales tax),
CODING AND DECODING
TELEVISION SIGNALS
Science Workshop
Everyone is talking about
"those secret TV channels." If you have a fistful of money or a lot of technical expertise, you might build an earth satellite ter* minal. For a bit less cash an MDS microwave receiver capa- ble of catching iocaf pay TV sig- nals can be had. A third source of limited access viewing is signals transmitted on convene tional UHF TV channels but scrambled at least part of the time. As nonpaying "custom- ers" become prevalent, more and more of these common car- rier video signals will be encod- ed and, of course, more than a few hams will be busy trying to unscramble them. Now, much of the current scrambling tech- nology is discussed in Science Workshop*s book, Coding and Decoding Tefeviston Signals.
A video freak is likely to ex* claim. **So that^s how they do itf" after reading Coding and De- coding for the first time. Materi- al for this book was gathered from a variety of public and pri- vate sources. Included in the contents is a word-for-word re- production of a NASA report on the scrambling technique used for the Application Technology Satellite video signals. Later sections explain how some UHF signals are encoded with a
t5-kHz pulse train and have special subcarrier audio. Block diagrams, oscillographs, and spectrum analyzer photographs supplement the descriptive text,
The editor of Coding ^nd De- coding Teievlsion Signafs states, 'This is not a 'how^to' book. It does not contain any construction projects/' How- ever, an amateur knowledgeable about video and experienced in building rf circuits should be able to successfylly reproduce the designs shown. You'll have to make your own parts lists and circuit board templates, though.
For some reason, beating the system at its own game has al- ways been an attraction for elec- tronics experimenters. As the is- sue of the freedom of the air- ways is discussed in high places* hundreds or even thou* sands of tinkerers witi be using information from books like Coding and Decoding Television Signafs to build their own units. Costing $9.95 (SI. 00 postage), this 43-page softcover pay-TV primer for experimenters js available from Science Work- shop, Box 393, Beth page NY 11714.
Tim Daniel N8RK 73 Magazine Staff
73 Magazine • December, T980 101
DX
from page 14
point of view on the subject, but there should be no doubt just what its point of view is.
FOR SALE: QSLS
As Song as we are rampaging, might as weii take up one addi- tional subject recently beaten nearly to death in the amateur press. Maybe we can breathe a little life into it. Some have com- plained about the practice of re- quirrng payment of a dollar for a QSL for an expedition contact. Actually, this is not new. W9WNV (and others) were doing it fifteen or more years ago, only then you paid for the contact be- fore the expedition was un- dertaken. Those who anted up found that the DXpeditioner was able to hear them without dif- ficulty; those who held out were just not heard or worked.
Grousing when required to supply a buck for a QSL shows little appreciation for the sacri- fices made by expeditioners. When they moan in print about it, that constitutes almost a per- sonal affront to the DXer who has made it possible for many to work a new country. As plane tickets are not free, we see little wrong with QSLing on/y to those who help with the expenses. Most expeditioners are not mde- pendently wealthy and are only
practicing economic horse sense. If they recoup some of the expenses from one trip, they are more likely to make another,
ISTANBUL REPORT
The accompanying letter from an amateur In Turkey is printed in full^ except that all references to callsigns and names have been deleted. Any- one wishing to act as QSL man- ager for the writer of the letter can make arrangements by writ- ing to me at the address given at the beginning of this column.
'Istanbul, Aug. 26, 1980
Dear OMs; 1 am a subscriber to 73, and I am very glad to see a DX column in your excel ient magazine. The purpose of my letter is to provide you with some materiai and information for the section, and possibly seek your help on a subject.
Here in Turkey, for a long time there has been on-andoff oper^ ating by courageous local and by temporarily resident foreign- ers (mainly from the US). I am sure some of your fellow hams and subscribers do not know that ham radio in Turkey is still illegal due to a law dated 1937! I say TA is activated by courage- ous people because possession and operation of transmitters has severe penalties, including imprisonment of up to five
years 1
'Terrorism all over the world Is well known, and we too have a fair share of it in TA Land. I am sure there would be far less of it if we had worthwhile hobbies like amateur radio to keep the young people occupied. We have martial law in certain parts of the country (including Istan- bul), during which the penally for the above mentioned offense is ten years in jail! Big risks are tai^en in operating, but you know ham radio is a bug and . . ,
''Therefore, operation from TA is sporadic; at present we must be at an all-time low. I have been QRT since March, 1980, and will be so for another few months.
''We have an amateur radio club, TRAC, which is listed in the Calibook for incoming QSLs. That is the only service provided by TRAC except for a magazine which gets published now and then. Since there is no outgoing QSL service, I suspect the QSL record of TA stations is not very good, as everyone is on his own for sending cards. Having a 100% QSLing record is very im- portant to me.
"One question which is often asked is how and by whom we get our calls assigned. The an- swer is that we do not get them assigned, we just pick them our- selves. The country was divided into call areas by the club when it was founded in the 1960s. Most of us pick ouf initials and we all know each other so dupli- cates are prevented. We watch out for newcomers, too.
"As far as equipment is con-
cerned, it simply Is not available. Transmitters and transceivers are illegal, and even receivers are almost nonexistent. I per- sonally would be willing to pay twice the iist price for a good receiver. We make do with what- ever we can find in surplus, and that, too, is something which may come once in a lifetime. Surplus and simple homemade rigs are what you hear from Turkey. If our signals are drifting and we cannot hear you S9, I think we can be excused if peo- ple know the conditions we work in.
"Attempts have been made to change the 1937 law but have failed for various reasons, main- ly because the people con- cerned did not know what amateur radio was about. Late- ly, the final word has been that to ensure the national security, monitoring stations tied to a computer center where 'exact location of any transmission can be found' is the only way for amateur radio to be legal in Turkey. Estimated cost of this is twenty mlllron dollars!
''I hope 73 can find a manager for my QSLs when I return to the air. I am sure you have a heavy workload, so if you cannot spare the time I shall understand.
73, TA2 /'
This is a somewhat abbreviat- ed column due to things backing up at the editor's shop. The col- umn will be back to its usual size in January. Your input of letters and pictures is appreciated.
comsTs
from page 16
couver, BC Canada V6J 1E3, postmarked before January 15th. Results will be published in TCA^ the Canadian amateur magazine. Non-subscribers may include an SASE for a copy of the results.
ZERO DISTRICT QSO PARTY
Starts: 20Q0 GMT January 3
Ends: 0200 QMT January 5
Organized by the Mississippi Valley Radio Club. Stations out-
side of Zero District will work Zero stations only; Zeros may work any station. The same sta- tion may be worked once on each band and each mode. How- ever, stations in the special mobile class may be worked each time they change counties.
EXCHANGE:
RS(T) and ARRL section. Zero Dtstrict stations also must send county,
FREQUENCIES:
3560, 7060, 14060, 21060, 28060, 3900, 7270, 14300, 21370,
28570, 3725, 7125, 21125, 28125-
SCORiNG:
Add the number of Zero Dis- trict ARRL sections worked plus the number of Zero Dtstrict counties, then multiply by the number of contacts. Zeros score by adding ARRL sections, Zero District counties, and DXCC countries worked, and then mul- tiplying by total contacts.
ENTRIES & AWARDS:
Awards will be issued to the high scorer in each ARRL sec- tion and DXCC country. Also to top Novice/Technician and top in special mobile class- Mail logs by February 15th to: W<3SI, 3518 W. Columbia, Davenport lA 52804. Include an SASE for log forms or results.
2nd ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL
160-METER PHONE CONTEST
Sponsored by 73 Magazine
Starts: 0000 GMT January 17
Ends: 24D0 GMT January 18
This is the second annual 160-meter contest sponsored by our magazine. The object Is to work as many stations as possi- ble on 160-meter phone in a maximum of 30 hours allowable contest time. Multi-operator sta- tions may operate the entire 48-hour contest period. Entry categories include single- and multi-operator, both with single transmitter on phone onfy,
EXCHANGE:
Stations within the Continen- tal USA and Canada transmit RS report and state or province. A I! others transmit RS report and
182 73 Magazine • December, 1980
DX country.
SCORING:
All valid two-way contacts score 5 points per OSO, A sta- tion may be worked only once for contest credit! Multipllefs are as follows' 1 multiplier point for each of the Continental US states (48 nr^ax.); 1 multiplier point for each of the Canadian provinces (13 max.^; 3 multiplier points for each DX country out- side the Continental US and Canada.
The final score is the total QSO points times the total mul- tiplier points.
DX WINDOW:
Stations are expected to ot> serve the DX window from 1.825 to 1.830 MHz as mutually agreed by Top Band operators. Stations m the US and Canada are asked not to transmit in this 5*kHz seg- ment of the band.
AWARDS:
Contest awards will be issued in each award category in each of the Continental US states, each Canadian province, and
each DX country.
DlSOUAUFfCATIONS:
Disqualiffcations may result if contestant omits any required entry forms, operates in excess of iegaf power authorized for his given area, manipulates operat* ing times to achieve a score ad- vantage, or fails to omit dupli- cate contacts which reduce the overall score more than 2%.
ENTRIES:
Each entry must include I09 sheet* dupe sheet for 100 or more contacts, a contest sum- mary sheet, and a multiplier checKlisl All entries must be postmarked no later than Feb- ruary 21st. To request contest forms Of submit your entry, wfite: Dan Murphy WA2GZB, PO Sox 195, Andover NJ 07821 USA. Please include an SASEI
SPECIAL CHRISTMAS EXPEDITIONS
With the Christmas holidays fast upon us, there are two spe* cial operations planned for the holidays. The Delaware-Lehigh Amateuf Radio Club (W30K) will
have a special events station on the air as part of Bethlehem PA'S Christmas CHy Celebra- tion, The station will be on the air from 2300 to 0300 GMT start- ing December 15th and will con- tinue to operate through Janu- ary 1st. The operating hours will increase during the period whenever possible. Operation will be on the Novice CW and Generaf phone bands. Suggest- ed frequencies are: ISkHzdown from the top of the Novice band, and 15 kH^ up from the bottom of the General phone band. Spe- cial QSO certificates will be sent from the Christmas City Station. QSLs or requests should be mailed with a business-size SASE to: W30K, DLARC. 1719 Gal lone Avenue. Bethlehem PA 1 B01 7, SWL requests will also be honored.
The Indian River Amateur Ra- dio Club of Cocoa FL will t>e op* erating from Christmas FL from December 20 through 27. Oper- ating times will genefally be from 1400 to 2000 GMT daily. The town of Christmas, located
on the east coast of Florida, wel* comes many visitors each year from around the USA. Christmas is celebrated each and every day of the year. There are fully lighted Christmas trees, wreaths, and decorations along with Santa and his helpers. The Indian River Amateur Radio Ciub. as a celebration of its 26th yearof organization, will use the club callsign W4NLX/4. A spe- cial handsome certificate will be awarded to all worked stations. This certificate depicts some of the aspects of Christmas in Florida. Arrangements have been made to have a si>ecial cancellation at the US Post Of- fice for this award- Please send a large SASE for the certificate. Operating frequencies on SSB will be 7280, 14280, 21380, and 28680. On CW, the club will oper- ate 60 kHz up from the bottom edge of the 40-, 20-, 15-, and 10-meler bands. The 146.34/.94 repeater will also be operational for local contacts. QSL to Indian River Amateur Radio Club, W4NLX, PO Box 106, Christmas FL 32709.
AWARDS
from page 20
bands the same day (6x3 = 18) or work him on twenty me- ters three individual days (6x3 :^ 18), you wiil have qualified very easily for the Gold Sardin- ian Award. Sounds easy, doesn't it?
To be valid,, all signal reports must be a minimum of 338 for CW and 43 Tor phone.
To apply, have your claimed contacts verified by at least two amateurs or a local radio club officlaL Enclose your appllca- tron with an award fee of 15 IRCs or $4.00 US to: URS Club, via Sar degna 1 6. 07100 Sassari, Sardin- ia.
While in Europe, let's visit the United Kingdom, where last time I failed to include two very interesting awards,
HAMPSHIRE COUNTY AWARD
The Hampshire County
Award is made available to ama- teurs worldwide who have es- tablished two-way contact with
amateur operators of Hamp- shire County in England, The award Is issued on a point basis in which all contacts count 1 point, with the exception that contacts with G3BZU, GB3RN, or any other special-event sta- tion count 2 points.
There are three award classes: Class I -UK/50 points: EU/20 points: DX/15 points. Class II- UK/30 points; ELI/15 points; DX/10 points. Class \\\^UKi20 points: EU/10 points: DX/5 points.
To ba valid, alt contacts must be made after October 1, 1960, There is no mode or band re- striction, but special band or mode recognition will be made if requested at the time of applica- tion.
To apply, have your list of claimed contacts verified by at least I wo amateurs or a local ra- dio club official. Forward this application and an award fee of 50 pence or 6 IRCs to: F. D< Cawley G2GM, Award Manager, Bay Sound, Freshwater Bay,
Freshwater, Isle of Wight. En^ giand, United Kingdom,
THE MERCURY AWARD
While In England, it is my honor to feature to our readers the very respectable Mercury Award, sponsored by the Royal Naval Amateur Radio Society. This award was initiated to en- courage contact with the many members of the Royal Naval So- ciety. Ttie award is issued to any amateur who can meet the re- quirements of the program which are tabulated on a point basis. Contacts with RNARS members on the HF bands earn 1 point each, while two-way con- tacts established 30 y\Hz and above constitute 2 points apiece. In addition, any special- event station, such as GB3RN or 63BZU, counts double the nor- mal point value.
To attain the award, stations within the United Kingdom must accumulate a total of 20 points, other European stations must total a minimum of 10 points, and stations outside Europe must gather a total of at least 5 points. Once an applicant earns 10 pomts (for US) or 20 points (for Europeans), stickers will be issued for each multiple of 10 points earned thereafter.
Contact must be made Octo-
ber 1 , 1960, and after to be valid. There are no band or mode re- strictions, but recognition will be given if special band or mode accomplishments are attained.
The fVlercury Award also is made available to shortwave listeners who must meet the same criteria on a "heafd-only" basis.
Do not send QSLs! Have your list of claimed contacts verified by at least two fellow amateurs or a radio club official. Enclose this application along with the award fee of 6 IRCs to: Awards Manager G3HZU 153 Worple Road, Isleworth, Middlesex TW7 7HT, England, United Kingdom.
To be successful in confirm* ing contacts with members of the Royal Naval Amateur Radio Society, it is advisable that you obtain a list of their members before attempting the challenge of this award. It is unfortunate that the list is so lengthy, as space does not permit the list to be printed at this time. As an al- ternative, however, the Mercury Award is featured in the OX Awards Guide published by Chuck Ellis WOYBV. The entire list of RNARS meml3€rs is con- tained within this publication. This DXer's award guide, fea^
73 Magazine • December, 1980 183
tyred In last month's column In detail, Is available for a very modest price of $1 4.95 (plus 1-!b. postage for DX shipment) by enciosing payment to Chuck Efiis, PO Box 1136 Welch Sta- tion. Ames lA 50010. Be sure, if thai 15 the reference you ptan to use, that you tell Chuck you read about it here in the 73 Magaime Awards column.
If you are like many of us on the west coast and are looking
for a real toughie, try your hand at working toward the Worked All Gozo Award.
WORKED ALL GOZO AWARO
The WAG Award, as it is called, is open to amateurs and SWL stations and has no band or mode restrictions. To be valid, all contacts for this award must be made on or after August 1, 1972.
To qualify, European stations
must confirm 8 individuaT sta- tions from Gozo Island (9H4). Now, if you are considered a DX station tike we are in the USA, you only have to work 5 different Gozo Island stations. And, of course, if you are like me, you'il be happy to settle for just an SWL Heard Only Award which also is available under the same requirements.
Do not send QSL cards. please! Have your list of
claimed Gozo Island contacts verified by at least two amateurs or a radio club official. Forward this verified application and an award fee of $3.00 or 12 IRCs to; Joe CauchI 9H4L. 20 P. P. Hili Street, Victoria, Gozo Island* Malta. Alt award fees are con- tributed to aid the blind and handicapped operators: we all should apply for this award if for no other reason than to aid this cause.
OUR AWARDS PROGRAM
By the time this magazine reaches your hands, the hun- dreds of certificates already earned via the 73 Awards Pro- gram will be on their way to amateurs around the world. Now, if you are one of the many who qualified for an award months and months ago, you're no doubt saying, "It's about time!" Right you are.
What caused the incredible delays? First of all, some of us underestimated the work Involved in getting the certifi- cates designed and produced. But more than Ihat, we too often allowed the Awards Program to take a back seal to other profects which, at the time, seemed more important* Few of us at 73 wear only one hat, and it was all too easy to stop working on the awards when article titles needed to be written or when manuscripts needed to be read. After all, we had magazine deadlines to meet each and every month, and ft always seemed that the awards could wait . . . and wait . . , and wait. In short, we blew it.
In retrospect, it's easy to see what we should have done. For starters, we should have had the awards printed and on the shelf before the Awards Program was even announced. Then, we should have assigned one person to stay on top of the program and keep it moving. The good news is that we have, at last, recognized these failings, and the Awards Pro-
gram is (inaily up to speed. The debacle of the past 14 months is over, and the awards are going out.
Before proceeding any further, a note of commendation is in order. The man who writes this column each month and serves as manager of our Awards Program is Bill Gosney WB7BFK. Bill has been with the program from the begin- ning, and he has done an outstanding Job under very diffi- cult circumstances- He's done everything we have asked of him and more. If you; ve been waiting for an award, the delay was at our end, not his. Thank you, Bill
To those of you who have earned awards through our pro- gram goes a special note of thanks for getting involved in our new and untried venture. Now that weVe back on track, we hope you enjoy your awards and that youll apply for others in the future. If you have never applied for a 73 award, please do so; the system is working, and it*s our goal lo han- dle all future applications quickly and efficiently.
As we move into the third decade of 73 Magazine, weVe tookmg forward, not back. There are exciting times ahead for amateur radio, and we want the 73 Awards Program to be a part of it.
Jeff DeTray WB&BTH Assistant PublisheriEditor
73 AWARD WINNERS
NORTH AMERICAN CONTINENT AWARD
|
1 |
WA2QUM |
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2 WetVf'A |
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3 |
K4HH0 |
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4 |
KE4E |
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s |
N6TK |
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6 |
AASTK |
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7 |
WA1SM1 |
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a |
WA9BBX |
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» tCiZlF |
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10 WBfYMfl |
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11 |
waaWL^ |
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12 |
WB3BAP |
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13 |
WDIIiOO |
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14 |
WBTBFK |
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15 |
WfilOOC |
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16 |
»C4BQZ |
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IT |
KfiSY |
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IB KA5CQJ |
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19 |
KITH |
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3» WTULC |
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21 |
WB3ICM |
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n |
KflWD |
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23 W9NAX |
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24 |
VE18VD |
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2B |
WDSHRH |
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26 WD41IVI0V |
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2T |
KdPSN |
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2» |
A01S |
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29 |
DA1MV |
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SO |
weiuxM |
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31 |
KASACAI |
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32 |
werrxv |
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33 |
WS3CfW |
34 N6PV 3a F2YS/W2
36 W8CHV
37 AJfil
M WA2YEX
39 SMSAKT
40 AC30
41 WA2SRiM
42 K5TJ
43 WDVEPE
44 K4JY0
45 N8AC 4e JH1VRQ 4T WB3BVL 4d WD4DVZ
49 WtYBV
50 WB2FFY
51 WSTJO
52 W06DZ0
53 Ka4jA
54 WB4SXK
55 DJ2UU Se WD4K^K Sr KA2EA0 5S K9MD 59 N7BZ
GO W20DA
61 W02MVC
62 K4BYK
63 KB6JF
64 WA^PIP
65 KB20E
66 r^SAOL
67 WB7PK0 ea S6AAT
69 HK4DUM
70 W09AVa
71 W0911C
72 WtAGA
73 WB3JUK
74 WA2RVF
75 KA2K
76 PYBZLC
77 lt4LQ 7i 0A1UO
78 IC60GS ao DAIQR «1 W04JIU 62 AG5X S3 K9BIL B4 N4aOD
as wAaiYF
66 WD9HWY
67 N4B0D
66 A11Y
69 WB5SND
90 fi^Am
91 W06QEO
92 VE3JQT
93 KA5CTZ
94 WD60EL
95 WB«COHI
96 KBdLT
97 NiGP 96 AJ6I
99 N4AK0 100 K&QDB
101 Na&jo
f02 KSBLV 103 0F92r t04 KB50U
105 K6GAK
106 N1BCV
107 SeAAP 106 W87FIUV
SOUTH AMERICAN CONTINENT AWARD
1
2 3 4 S
WB6VPA KE4E N6TK AA6TK
WAisyt
6 VE1BVD
7 WD6EE0 6 WB«YMR 9 WB6VVUQ
10 Wa26AP
11 WDdMGQ
12 WS7BFK
13 WB10QC
14 K9JSY
15 KA5C0J
16 KITH
17 W7U1C 13 K6WD
19 K4HRG
20 WU9HRH
21 WDSMOV
m APIS
S3 WB9UM
24 WB3ICM
25 KA0ACM
26 WBTTXY
27 WB3CtW 26 K3PSN
29 F2YS/W2
30 KEDP
31 WA2SAM
32 AJ6L
33 WA2YEX
34 AC30 ^ SMSAKT
36 WDiEPE
37 JH1VHQ J& WS3BVL
38 WD4DVZ m W5TJQ
41 WOaOiO
42 Wa4SXX
43 WD4KHK
44 K^MD
45 KB4JA
46 N7BZ
47 DJ2UU 46 WBCHV 40 K9TI
50 W20DA
51 WB2MVC
52 KA2EA0
53 K4BYK
54 KB6JF
55 KB2SE
56 WA2P1P
57 WB7PK0 56 SeAAT
59 DAIMV 50 HK4DUM
61 WD9(IC
62 W«VBV
63 WB3JUK
64 W1AQA
65 PY6ZLC
66 KA2K
67 WA2nVF 66 K4LQ
69 DA1U0
70 N6AC
71 icaoQs
73 DAI OR
73 AGSX
74 K9BIL
75 N4BQD
78 WA2LYF 77 W09HWY
76 WBSSMO
79 KBfOE
60 N9AM1
61 WD8QE0
62 VE3JGT
63 KA5CTZ
64 WDSDEl
65 WB6C0M
66 KB8LT
67 NBQP 66 N4AK0 69 KB6DB
90 NOBJQ
91 K5BLV
92 DF9ZP
93 KBSOU
94 H1BCV
95 WB7BUV
96 SaAAP
97 WD4LYA
Q'5 AWARD OF EXCELLENCE
1 WBEZJL
2 W060NV
3 KA8HMR
4 K8IU
5 WSJQEP
6 KA9FPG
7 WL7ADX 6 WT>S£HI 9 KASDBN
10 KA3COP
11 KA3CGM
12 W]>2AKK
13 W06IDD
14 SM2C0R
15 K9T8B
15 WD5ICQ/1
17 KA4KJI
16 N3ADF
19 K6TMB
20 W9CJG
21 KA6IGM
22 WD6NHN
23 WB30SO
24 KAiHTU
25 KA6GXN
26 KAdCDH
27 KA1ESG
28 WQ6QHN
29 WD4Bm
30 KA3ENQ
31 KA4J0S
Sf»EClALTY
COMMUNICATIONS AWARD CLASS A 1
1 W20DA(RTTYJ 5 WD9GRI (RTTYJ
2 WBBOCD ISSTVlf 5 WB5CDM (RTTY)
3 WB7BFK(RTTY) 7 N3AK0(RTTYJ
4 WB9QCD{HTTY)
DISTRICT ENDURANCE AWARD
1 AJAt 3 WB6CDM/7
2 WL7ACY
184 73 Magazine • December, 1980
|
EUROPEAN CONTINENT |
47 HK4DliM |
63 N4BQD |
55 WB2JUK |
88 VE3JGT |
DX CAPITALS OF Tl |
HE WORLD |
|
|
AWARD |
48 K9ri |
64 WD9HWY |
SB K9TI |
89 KASCTZ |
1 WBIDQC |
6 K88JF |
|
|
49 WA2SRM |
65 WB7PK0 |
5f KA2K |
70 WDSDEL |
Z WB7BFK |
7 WD4DV2 |
||
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1 WBSVPA |
83 W200A |
50 WD9{IC |
66 NiAMi |
56 K4L0 |
71 WB6CDM |
3 K1TH |
B WIAGA |
|
2 K4HRG |
84 WB2MVC |
51 W1AGA |
67 WDBQEO |
59 ICSOGS |
72 KS6LT |
4 WD4KRK |
9 N9GP |
|
3 KE4E |
65 K4BYK |
52 WB3JUK |
ea VE3JGT |
60 DAIQR |
73 NiGP |
■I ^ BT ^^r r ■ ^ n B ^ ^ 5 0J2UU |
|
|
4 N6TK |
68 K&BJF |
53 WA2RVF |
69 WDBDEL |
81 SSAAT |
74 KBSOB |
t# 4# U ih %J %^ |
|
|
5 WAISMI |
87 WA2PIP |
54 KA2K |
70 WBGCOM |
62 AG5X |
75 NBBJQ |
73 DX COUNTRY CLUB AWARD |
|
|
€ WB3ICM |
88 K82DE |
55 K4LQ |
71 KB8LT |
83 K98IL |
78 N7AHO |
j'^HJ ri^i^H ^m |
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7 VE1BV0 |
89 WS7PKD |
W> DA1U0 |
72 NiGP |
84 WD9HWY |
77 K5BLV |
2XSSB |
|
|
a WA9BBX |
70 NBAC |
S7 1C80GS |
73 KB8DB |
66 N4@QD |
78 DJ2yU |
1 viresvPA |
28 W5ZKJ |
|
9 WBilYMR |
71 SflAAT |
Se DAlQR |
74 NSBJO |
66 N«AMI |
79 WB7RUV |
2 WB3tCM |
27 WB71XY |
|
10 WB6WI/9 |
72 WfHIlU |
59 WDtAVG |
75 KSBLtf |
67 WOaQEO |
80 S8AAP |
3 WBIDQC |
28 F2YS/W2 |
|
11 WfHMA |
73 WCHIIU |
iO AQ5X |
76 DF9ZP |
4 N6TK |
29 WA2GyM |
||
|
12 We3BAP 13 WOeMGQ |
74 KAtCBD 75 WMAVG |
81 KB4JA 82 K9BIL |
77 SaAAP 78 WB7RUV |
WORK THE WORLD AWARD |
S WAISMI 8 WB6WU9 |
30 Ka4NJ 31 KB4JA |
|
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14 W©7BF*Q |
76 WP9IIC |
I weavpA |
37 K4BTK |
7 WDBMGQ |
32 DJ2UU |
||
|
15 W61DOC 1i WAlS^UM |
77 W1AGA TB WB3JUK |
AFRICAN CONTINENT AWARD |
2 IC£4E 3 W86WV9 |
38 K6&IF 39 KB20E |
8 WB7BFK 9 WB9JBH |
33 K9MD 34 K4BYK |
|
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17 N9ND |
79 WtQRyf |
1 WB8VPA |
43 DJ2Uy |
4 WD6MGQ |
40 WAISMI |
10 KUSY |
35 K88JF |
|
11 K4B0Z |
60 KA2K |
3 K4HRQ |
44 WEMKRK |
5 W8F8FK |
41 DA1MV |
11 K6WD |
36 HK4CKIM |
|
19 KUSY |
61 PY6ZLC |
3 KE4E |
45 K9ii1l |
6 Wfi1tX3C |
42 HK40UM |
12 WA2JCX |
37 S8AAT |
|
SO NGPV |
82 K4L0 |
4 WAISMI |
46 N7BZ |
7 KiJSY |
43 WDgilC |
13 KITH |
38 ICSOGS |
|
21 KA&CQJ |
83 DA1UQ |
5 WB3ICM |
47 W20DA |
8 W7ULC |
44 W1AGA |
14 K9PSI* |
39 K9T1 |
|
22 W8CKV |
84 IC60GS |
6 WB6VVW |
48 K4BYIC |
9 K6W0 |
45 WB3JLJK |
15 WbUO |
40 SV1IW |
|
23 KITH |
IS DAIQR |
7 WB3BAP |
49 K8SJF |
10 K4HR0 |
46 KA2K |
16 WDBMOV |
41 W&3JUIC |
|
24 W7ULC |
Be AG5X |
a W06MGQ |
SO KB20E |
11 WD9HRH |
47 Km |
17 0A1MV |
42 WA2RVF |
|
25 N9ADI |
87 KSeiL |
9 WB7BFK |
51 N9A0L |
12 WDBMOV |
48 K4LQ |
18 WD4DVZ |
43 KA2K |
|
^ KBWD |
88 N4BQD |
10 WB1DQC |
m S8AAT |
13 APIS |
49 NBAC |
19 WB3CfW |
44 9G1LL |
|
27 WIYBV |
89 WA2LYF |
11 KiaSY |
S3 K5T1 |
14 WBiLXtl |
SO ICSOGS |
70 KBSIS |
45 DAIQR |
|
2a W9NAX |
SO WD9HWY |
12 KASCCM |
54 HK40UM |
IS WB3ICIi |
51 DAIQR |
21 KL7EO |
46 DA5CTZ |
|
29 WA2SI1M |
91 WBOCDM |
13 K1TM |
5S WDgilC |
18 WB7fXY |
52 AG5X |
22 EA6ET |
47 VE3JGT |
|
30 WDSHftH |
92 W080EL |
14 W7ULC |
56 W1AGA |
IT WMCIW |
S3 SSAAT |
23 WA2YEX |
46 WBfrCDIi |
|
31 WDBMOV |
93 KA5CT2 |
15 K8WD |
57 WB3JLIK |
18 K1TW9 |
S4 KB4JA |
24 N4ADJ |
49 N4AK0 |
|
32 K9PSI4 |
94 V63JGT |
1fi WD9HRH |
58 WA2RVF |
19 F2YSW2 |
55 K98IL |
25 WA2&R1I |
50 DF9ZP |
|
33 AD1S |
9& WD80E0 |
17 WDBMOV |
59 PYBZLC |
20 KB71P |
56 WD9KWY |
||
|
34 DAihirv |
96 NIAMI |
IB AD1S |
m K4LQ |
21 AJ8L |
57 WB7PKD .^ ^ ■ a ■ tfh j-m. .^tm. VW A. ^ |
73 DX COUNTRY CLUB AWARD |
|
|
35 KmOBH |
97 W8EVH |
19 DA1MV |
61 DAtUO |
22 WBtYMR |
58 WB6CDIM |
Miypn Mon^ |
|
|
3« WBiLXM |
98 WD8EPV |
30 WB4LXM |
62 icaoGS |
23 AC3Q |
59 WDBDEL |
iVilACM nnu^T |
h^^ |
|
37 WB7TXY |
99 AMY |
21 WB7TXY |
63 DAIQR |
24 SM5AKT |
60 VE3JGT |
1 WttANZ |
12 JK1VRQ |
|
aa WB3CIW |
100 WBSSND |
22 WB3CIW |
64 AG5X |
25 WD9EPE |
81 WDSQEO |
2 K4HRG |
13 WB4SXX |
|
W F2YSW2 |
101 KA4KST |
2S K9PSN |
6S K9BIL |
26 JH1VR0 |
62 N«AMI' |
3 WDSDKG |
14 N7BZ |
|
40 KSZIP |
102 K87D |
24 F2YSW2 |
66 N4B0D |
27 K9PSN |
f^-\ N4BQ0 |
4 KflZlP |
15 WSCHV |
|
41 0K5WJ |
103 WD4BLU |
25 KSZIP |
67 WD9HWY |
28 WD40VZ |
S4 K8SLT |
5 AASZ |
16 WDiEPE |
|
42 WA2YEX |
IM KB8LT |
26 WA2yEX |
68 W&7PK0 |
29 WSTJO |
65 N9GP |
6 KA5COJ |
17 WA1GTQ |
|
43 AJSL |
105 NiOP |
27 AJ6L |
69 WBBCDM |
30 W&dOZO |
88 K86D8 |
7 K1VK0 |
16 WD9IIC |
|
44 AC3Q |
106 KB9D0 |
28 WB8YMR |
70 WDaDEL |
31 WB4SXX |
87 NBBJO |
8 WDBDZO |
19 PYSZLC |
|
45 SMSAKT |
107 AI6I |
29 AC30 |
71 KA5CTZ |
32 WD4KRK |
88 KSBLV |
9 AC3Q |
20 K4L0 |
|
4€ WDHEPE |
106 N4AK0 |
30 WA2SRM |
72 VE3JGT |
33 K9M0 |
69 DJ5UU |
10 WB0YMR |
21 W2XQ |
|
47 W4JYD |
109 N3AK0 |
31 SM5AKT |
73 WDBQEO |
34 N7BZ |
70 WB7RUV |
11 K4JY0 |
|
|
4S JH1VR0 |
110 KeaoB |
32 W8CHV |
74 NIAMI |
35 WB3BAf* |
71 S8AAP |
||
|
49 WB3BVL |
111 NBBJQ |
33 W&9EPE |
75 KBflLT |
36 WBCHV |
73 DX COUNTRY CLUB AWARD |
||
|
50 K9TI |
112 KSBLV |
34 K4JYD |
76 NBGP |
2XCW |
|||
|
51 WD4gv2 |
113 DF9ZP |
35 N8AC |
77 N4AK0 |
WORKED ALL USA AWARD |
|||
|
52 WB2FFY |
114 KiSOU |
36 JH1VRQ |
78 KBBDB |
MIXED BAND |
1 AA8Z |
5 WB7PKP |
|
|
53 WSTJO 54 WD8DZ0 65 KB4JA |
115 KBQAK lie KBGAK 117 N7AHO |
37 W04DVZ 36 WB2FFY 39 WSTJO |
79 NBBJQ BO K5BLV B1 DF9ZP |
1 KA1CBD 2 WD80MS a WD4RAF |
18 K6ARE 17 NBBKB 18 WL7AHL |
2 W7ULC 3 SMSAKT 4 WDSMAS |
6 WiYBV 7 WB^FFY B WB3BVL |
|
56 WB4SXX |
118 KA4ITQ |
40 WD6DZ0 |
82 SBAAP |
4 KA3CBC |
19 WNSMBS |
||
|
57 DJ2UU 55 WD4KRK |
119 W80LL 120 N1BCV |
41 KB4JA 42 WB4SXX |
83 WB7RUV |
5 KA9DLI 6 KA4HEP |
20 KA4GML 21 WB7RBH |
WORKED ALL USA AWARD |
|
|
59 K9MD |
121 WB7RUV |
7 KLfEO |
22 WDSLCE |
R lUtFTFR^ |
|||
|
60 1^7 BZ |
122 WDiLYA |
OCEANIC CONTINENT AWARD |
B KA4DNW |
23 WB3BVL |
o lYic 1 ^n^ |
h^ |
|
|
6t JA1VDJ 62 K1K0B |
123 DA2AL 124 SBAAP |
1 WB6VPA 2 K4HRG |
28 KSZIP 29 AJBL |
9 N4ACS to N7AG0 |
24 WD6EQP 25 KB4NJ |
1 WS8ZKG |
2 K6PHE |
|
3 KE4E |
30 AC30 |
t1 KAaOBN |
26 WAiCED |
10 METERS |
|||
|
ASIAN CONTINENT AWARD |
4 N6TK |
31 SMSAKT |
12 KB5NE |
27 WD9GFL |
1 KL7IEN |
4 JKSDSC |
|
|
1 WBBVPA |
24 AJ8L |
5 AA8TK |
32 WD9EPE |
13 K2EQy |
28 KA3CGfA |
2 W52KJ |
5 VK7N8T |
|
2 K4HHG |
25 AC30 |
G WB31CM |
33 K4JY0 |
14 KAGFYQ |
29 KB7EY |
3 VElflVO |
|
|
3 KE4E |
26 5M5AKT |
7 WD6EEQ |
34 N8AC |
IS K4JYD |
30 AFSO |
||
|
4 wBarcM |
27 wm^PE^ |
S WBBVVI^ |
3S JHtVRQ |
4 e WM ex E n |
b#^ |
||
|
i WB6WU9 |
28 iHlVflO |
6 WDBMGO |
36 W04DVZ |
CENTURY CITIES AWARD |
15 METERo |
||
|
5 WOeMGQ |
29 K9f^N |
10 WB7BFK |
37 W5TJQ |
1 K2ftlF |
10 M8BKB |
1 W05DRB |
3 KAfiACO |
|
7 WB7BFK |
30 WO90VZ |
11 WBTDQC |
2W WDBDIO |
2 WA2SRM |
11 KB8JF |
2 WAiCEL |
4 WB6CDM |
|
8 WS1DOC |
31 W£i1JQ |
12 KiJSY |
39 KB4JA |
3 W04flAF |
12 WDiEPE |
||
|
9 KUSY |
32 W06D20 |
13 N6PV |
40 WB4SXX |
4 KAiAZQ |
13 WtAGA |
20 METERS |
|
|
10 WTULC |
3,1 W84SXX |
14 KASCOt |
41 WD4KRK |
5 KITH |
14 KA2CLQ |
1 WA9BBX |
4 KB8JF |
|
11 KBWD |
34 Oi2UU |
15 W8CHV |
42 K9MD |
8 K4JY0 |
1$ KA6F0Q |
1 W r^K# HiV nr r^ 2 WA9WGJ |
5 WDiEPE |
|
12 WD9Hf%H |
35 WD4KftK |
16 KITH |
43 N7BZ |
7 WA9WGJ |
16 KA4BNO |
3 KITH |
|
|
13 WDBMOV |
36 K'^mo |
17 W7ULC |
44 JA1VDJ |
8 KA4HEP |
17 weecoM |
||
|
14 A01S |
37 N7SZ |
18 KBWD |
45 WB3BAP |
9 JHBDSC |
18 AK2H |
M jn H ^> ^■^^-^H- ■■. |
|
|
15 DAIUV |
38 JAtVDJ |
19 WD9HRH |
m K4iYK |
40 METERS |
|||
|
IS WBtUtM |
39 WB3BAP |
20 WD8M0V |
47 KB81F |
10 METER DX DECADE AWARD |
1 WA2SRU |
3 WD4E}BJ |
|
|
17 WB7TXY |
40 W8CHV |
21 A01S |
48 ICS20E |
1 WB4WRE/M |
4 WDiAVG |
2 N8AZD |
4 WDtBOS |
|
18 WB3C1W |
41 K4BYK |
22 WStLXM |
49 WMSm |
2 AC3Q |
S DA2AL |
||
|
19 KITH 20 F2YSW2 |
42 K68Jf 43 KB£[>£ |
23 WBIYMR 24 WBTTXY |
50 WB7PKD 51 DA1MV |
3 WST^Q |
75/60 METERS |
||
|
21 Kazip 22 WBtYMR |
44 WAISMI |
25 WB3CIW 26 K9PSN |
52 HK4DUM 53 wmitc |
TEN METER |
'10-4ir AWARD |
1 KAiAZQ 2 WDtBOS |
4 KS4B 5 We9UK5 |
|
23 WA2YEX |
46 N8AC |
27 F2YS/W2 |
54 W1AGA |
1 W60LAf7 |
2 K4JSM9 |
3 KA5A0P |
73 Magazine • December, 1980 105
NEIV PRODUCre
from page 32
stees: Model DTl-6 (8** wide), Model DTE-1 1 (10.65" wideK and Model DTE-1 4 (14" widej. The overall height of the series Is 3,15 inches and the depth is 8,25 inches.
For furthef Information, con- tact Jsmeco Efectronics, 1355 ShorBway Road, Befmont CA 94002: (475)-592'8097. Reader Service number 479.
HEATH CONTrNUING EDUCATION INTRODUCES
NEW ICTlMEftS SELF* INSTRUCTION PROGRAM
Heath Continuing Edocation has announced a new seIMn* struction program which covers integrated circurt timers. The new program, Model EE*103, in- cludes an introduction to the common types of 10 tirfiers, how each works, what they do, and where they are used.
Among the types of IC timers covered are the popular 555 and 556 series genera l-purpose tim- ers, the 322 and 3905 wide- range, precision, monostable timers, and programmable tim- er/counters—including the 2240 binary programmable timer/ counter, the 2250 BCD pro* grammable timer/counter, and the 8260 seconds/minutes/ hours BCD programmable timer/ counter.
The program's self-teaching text, with the assistance of re- view quiz questions and lab ex-
periments, completely covers how each timer works and how each is used— m logic func- tions, output drive circuits, lime- delay relay circuits, wide-range pulse generators, phase-locked loops, universal appliance tim- erSt and as precise clock sources.
All of the electronic compo- nents required to perform the experiments are included with the program. The Heathkit ET- 3300 laboratofy breadboard is a recommended option.
The EE'103 IC timers course is one of four Electronic Tech- nology Series selt-instruelional programs. They are designed to provide detaited knowledge tor engineers, technicians, and other technical people. Other programs in the series include Operational Amplifiers (EE-IOI), Active Filters (££-102), and Phase-Locked Loops (EE-104).
For further information, con^ tact HBBih Company, Dept, 350- 230, Benton Harbor Mi 49022. Reader Service number 481.
NEW HAMTRONICS^ VHF FM EXCITER KtT
Hamtronlcs has announced a new single channel VHF FM ex- citer called the model T51. Pat- terned after the popular T50 ex- citer, the new unit is rated at 2 Watts continuous output and is contained on a 3- x 5*inch PC board. It is available for the 28-, 50-. 144-, and 220-MHz bands and may be modified for use on
adjacent commercial bands, Jt la Ideal for control links, repeat* er service, telemetry, and other applications for which a small unit is required. A multichannel adapter Is also available to ex- tend operation up to 5 channels.
Features Include low-imped- ance dynamic mike and high level audio inputs; crisp, clear modulation; low spurious out- put; pre-wound coiJs; adjustable output level; and buiit-in test points for easy alignment. A commercial grade frequency stability option is available.
For further information, con- tact Hamtfonics, inc., 65F Moul Rtf.. Htifon NY J 44m (7W)'392- 9430, Reader Service number 476.
CENTURION ANTENNAS
Centurion International has introduced a new line of heavy- duty telescoping replacement antennas. These antennas are fulMength V4-wave radiators providing increased efficiency for radios that are not normally available with a telescoping- type antenna.
Three modefs are offered, each fitted with one of the five connector configurations: a straight telescoping antenna, a flex*spring model, and right- angle mounting model. The right-angle model is suitable for radios with front- or rear-mount- ed connectors or test equipment appllcationSp
The flex-spring model has a shock absorbing spring fitted to its base to provide the popular flexible feature. The spring Is protected with a tight-fitting neoprene sleeve. The sleeve re- tains Its flexibility from -SS"" C to 100* a
All models are available with a choice of five different con*
m
Centunon's tefescoping anten- nas.
nectors: BNC. TNC, Pb259, F, and 5/16-32 threaded stud.
For further information, con- tact Centuaon fnternationai, PO Box 82846, Lincofn NE 66501; i4Q2)-4B7-449l . Reader Service number 477.
GILFER'S ALLBAND RECEIVER
WITH 24-CHANNEL MEMORY
OPTION
G lifer Associates has just In- troduced In the USA the Japan Radio Company's NRD-515 communications receiver- The NRD-515 continuously tunes from 100 kHz to 30 MHz using a 100-Hz "step'* photo-type en- coder. Received frequencies are read to 100 Hz and the PLL-syn- thesized circuit can be locked to any frequency with assurance that the drift will be less than 50 Hz/hour. The rf/l-f circuit is a double conversion upverter (70.455-MHz first i-f).
The ^'khz" tuning knob moves
HeaWs fC Timer sefNnstruction program^
Hamtfonics' T51 VHF FM exciter board.
186 73 Magazine • December, 1960
10 kHz per revolution and a momentary '*UP/DOWN" switch permits rapid frequency changes at 200 kHz/sec. There are no mechanical tuning stops and the all-electrical band- switching circuit automatically tracks from MHz to MHz. Also featured In the NRD-515 are passband tuning, AM broadcast preselection, noise blanker, 10- and 20-d8 switchabie atten- uator, variable bfo, LSB/USB/ RTTY offsets, and RIT. Four switchable selectmty options are available (two supplied).
The optional 24-channel memory unit eliminates man- uatty re-tuning your favorite fre- quencies—just turn the channel selector switch and the receiver Is automatically and completely re-tuned. The memory is non- volatile and the input/output data base is a 22-bit BCD code. Other optional extras include a matching loudspeaker and CW filters of 600- and 300-Hz seiec-
tivity,
For further information, con- tact Giifer Shortwave, Box 239, Park Ridge NJ 07656. Reader Service number 478,
SONY ICF-2001 PROGRAMMABLE GENERAL- COVERAGE RECEIVER
In most cases a portable radio would be only casually in- teresting. But most cases aren't like the new ICF-2001 from Sony,
It is evident that frequency synthesis and scanning tech- niques are gradually winding their ways into the manufacture of reliable, inexpensive, con- sumer-oriented radio equip- ment. The little Sony package is an excellent example.
Approximately the physical dimensions of a cassette re- corder {12'' X 7" X 2"), the ICF-2001 features a liquid crys- tal display frequency readout. Coverage rs 150 kHz through 30
MHz AMfSSBICSN, and 76-108 MHz FM. Frequency entries are made via a standard keyboard, registered to the nearest kilo- hertz (nearest 100 kHz on FM). Fine tuning of CW^SSB in the 150 kHz-30 MHz range is provid- ed by an accurately-calibrated thumbwheel.
Frequency readout accuracy is excellent, fully reliable to a few hundred Hertz. Frequency stability is outstanding; CW and SSB signals are readily copy- able from power-on until you get tired of listening! A series of slaps at the cabinet caused no shift in frequency.
A built-in fouMoot telescop- ing whip antenna is adequate for casual worldwide reception. Relative signal strength is indi- cated by a light bar graph com- posed of 5 LEDs, Signals may be peaked by the use of an anten- na-resonating thumbwheel.
A series of six push-button memory channels may be used to store and recall any six fre- quencies between 150 kHz-30 MHz, or 76-108 MHz, depending upon which band is switched in. The low-frequency FM band al- lows monitoring of channels 5 and 6 of TV audio as well. And for the paranoids among us, the common bugging frequencies between 36 and 92 MHz may be searched!
For the hiint-and-peck fre- quency hopper, the mrcropro- cessor is a dream come true. Merely load suspected channels into the six memory positions and punch up any one of them at any time, Thd non-volatile mem- ory retains the frequency entries even with power disconnected.
The ICF-2001 also features a scanning function. Any limits within the passband being re- ceived may be programmed, and the receiver may be automati- cally or manually scanned. A slide switch may be activated
for automatic stop when a sig- nal is discovered.
Tuning is also accomplished by the push-button scanning method; any frequency dis- played serves as a starting point from which up or down search begins.
Tuning or scanning speeds may be increased by another key, raising the rate from 1 kHz per increment to 10 kHz (ap- proximately 4 or 40 kHz per sec- ond). On FM, the rate is either 400 kHz or 800 kHz per second, corresponding to 4 or 8 FM channels.
Power for the little Sony may be chosen from 3 internal D cells, 4.5 V dc {accessible from an automotive cigarette lighter using a Sony power plug acces- sory), or 120 V ac (power supply included). If you are tempted to use the receiver on batteries, use alkaline cells. . .current drain is a bone-crushing 400 mil- liamps! Yes, microprocessors still use a great deal of power!
But How About Specs?
The promotional and owner's literature give us little meaning- ful insight into the electrical specifications for the ICF-2001. A call to the factory was of little help, as even the product man- ager did not know. However, private measurements give us a little more information.
Image rejection averages -35 dB throughout the short- wave spectrum. The 6 dB/60 dB selectivity points are at 6 kHz and 17.5 kHz, making the 2001 a little broad for serious commu- nications work. But it's about what could be expected from the custom 2-pole ceramic filter.
As far as intermodulation and
spurious signals go, we found them no problem. In fact, we couldn't find them! Sure, they Ye there, but with an antenna con- nected and strong or weak sig- nals being received, intermod and spurs were virtually absent.
A second i-f of 10.7 MHz (first and only if on FM) is used on both frequency ranges, with a first conversion i-f of 66.36 MHz on 150 kHz-30 MHz. Up-conver- sion is a standard technique in frequency synthesis to avoid in- band i-f images.
The 2001 sports 9 ICs, 11 FETs, 42 bipolar transistors, 24 diodes, 5 LEDs, and 1 large- scale IC microprocessor chip.
Swell, But Does It Work?
You bet! The ICF-2001 is an extraordinary performer for a portable. Our first experience with the little unit was with the self-contained whip antenna ex- tended. Punching up 6 known SAC SSB channels into the memory banks, airborne and ground stations worldwide were received, solid copy. Step-tun- ing through the ham bands, sin- gie-sideband and CW stations were easily copied with excel- lent quality. No frequency drift was detectable over several minutes of portable handling, carrying the unit from room to room.
Attaching the 135-foot win- dom antenna, we fully expected that the receiver would come apart at the seams from signal overload. Surprisingly, although signals were much louder, the receiver behaved very respec- tively. Some signal bleed- through was detectable at night, but it was easily removed with the attenuator switch.
Gilfer's NRD'515 communications receiver
Sony's fCF-2001 general-coverage recetven
73 Magazine • December, 1980 187
We haven't even discussed some oi the other features . . . sleep switch, accessory jacks, LCD function displays.
In Conclusion
The new Sony ICF-2001 is meticulously designed, ex- tremely functional, compact and flexible, and an outstanding performer. While it was never in- tended to compete with a Col- lins receiver, it makes one po- tent backup receiver and a fine vacation portable 1
The Sony iCF'2001 lists for $32a For further information, contact Sony Corporation, 4747 Van Damm St., Long Island City NY mot Reader Service num- ber 484.
Robert Grove WA4PYQ Brasstown NC
B&W BROADBAND FOLDED DfPOiE ANTENNA
it would seem that after a cen- tury of experimentation with radiating wtres, every possible configuration of single-wire an- tennas would have been ex- plored and exploited. But new antennas keep popping up, proving that experimentation still is wide open in this aspect of Gommur^ications.
During the 1950s, a series of articles by G. L Countryman W3HH discussed the possibili- ties of the **titted terminated folded dipole." The T2FD, as it was popularly called, was a cross between a resistively-
terminated rhombic and a slop- ing folded dipole.
It seems that B&W is im- pressed enough with the com- mercial feasibility of such a con- trivance to produce a similar an- tenna for both its mil itary and its consumer market. The model 370-15 broadband folded dipole is the result.
The antenna comes fully as- sembled, wrapped around two cardboard tubes tor shipping, H is designed for continuous fre- quency coverage, 3,5-30 MHz. The antenna dipole is construct- ed of #14 stranded 40% copper- weld wlre^ the upper and lower dipole sections held apart by six spacers of rigid PVC pipe.
The antenna system is rated at 2.5 kW (5 kW PEP), enough to take the full power of any ama- teur-rated linear amplifier. Ad- weather construction ensures years of maintenance-free op- eration.
The antenna is coupled to a balun transformer and fed by ap* proximately fifty feet of perma- nent ly-^attached RG-8/U coaxial cable. A special impedance ter- minating network maintains the constant characteristics of the antenna throughout its usable frequency range.
Installation
All large dipole antennas are somewhat unwieldy to Install. The 370-15 is no exception. It is recommended, although not mandatory, that two people cooperate in erecting the anten- na. It is not particularly heavy,
.^A
A
5 I ■ THRHe POLE KVSTflLLATION
' " FLAT TOP" AS SHOWM IM SOLID- LtNES
INVERTED *V' AS SHOWJ^ tN BROKEN LINES
HZZ>
TWO POLE 'FLAT TOP"
Fig. 1. Typfcafin&taff&tions for B&W's 370-15 attband folded dipofe.
but it is ninety feet long, con- sisting of two wires, fifty feet of cable, and other accessory ac- coutrements along the way! Merely keeping the copperweld wire from kinking is important and requires attention while un- rolling the dipole.
B&W recommends using the allband dipole in one of three configurations: a sloper, a flat- top, or an inverted V. Among the three, the sloper is the best all- around antenna, Jt requires only one high and one low support and rt is essentially omnidirec- tional. The manufacturer recom- mends an upper height of 24 to 40 feet, allowing six feet of clearance for the lower support.
Our Experience
The ninety-foot dipole posed no particular problem in installa- tion even when erected by one individual. By anchoring the center of the antenna, the re- maining lengths are easily un- furled, ready for elevation.
Although fifty feet of coax may seem like a lot, keep in mind that a ninety-foot antenna is an imposing length to permit the coax to come close to the shack. Add to that the fact that the antenna must be removed trom metallic influences (siding, electrical and power line wiring, metal roofing, air-conditioning ductwork, automobiles, etc.), and you may very well need an additional length of feed line; I did.
Additional feedline at fre- quencies below 30 MHz is no lia- bility- Even the smaller RG-SB^U would be perfectly satisfactory for another fifty feet or more if power levels on the order of 200- 300 Watts are all that will be usfed. Line loss is insignificant.
After erecting the folded dipole as a sloper, we loaded It with a Drake TR-7 for our field trials. Sure enough, the vswr curve on all bands was very close to that shown on a graph which accompanies the instruc- tions. Curiously, there is a vswr hump on 40 meters, rising to nearly 3:1 at our location.
With one end of the dipole tied to a 35-foot tree, we moved the lower end around the yard, testing its response on all bands. Proximate metallic masses {a power line, a utility shed, the car) showed their deleterious effects on the anten- na. Clearly, the antenna must be
mounted as free from reactive materials as possible.
In the case of less-than-ideal environments, the use of an ex- ternal matchbox is recommend^ ed. While the matchbox will not help the reflective and absorp- tive tribulations of nearby metal, it will keep the vswr at a respect- able level.
Wind and ice characteristics of the antenna should prove adequate for most localities. With end supports only, 100- mph winds may be tolerated— 150 mph with an additional center support pole. Ice accu- mulation of 40-50 pounds (80 pounds with center pole) is also endurable by the system.
While the antenna is de- signed to operate through 30 MHz, chances are that the fer- rite materials in the balun would behave at frequencies some- what higher. It would be inter- esting to find out how the anten- na would perform on six meters. With ninety feet of dipole length, there are bound to be some di- rectional lobes, as there are on ten meters.
The cost of the B&W antenna is substantia], but for allband performance with no external feedline tuning necessary, it is worth considering, especially with the advent of the new ama- teur band plan obsoleting many present-day antenna systems. .
B&W's 370-15 allband folded dipole lists for $149.50. For fur- ther information, contact Barker & Wiffiamson, Inc., 10 Canal St., Bristol PA 19007. Reader Service number 483.
Robert Grove WA4PYQ BrasstQwn NO
SC-76 SCANNING MODULE
The S076 Is a low-cost scan- ning module lor the Kenwood 7600 and 7625. It installs in a matter of minutes, requires no soldering, and comes complete with detailed instructions. Once installed, it is placed in opera- tion by turning the radio's mode switch to position "M*\ )t then caifses the radio to scan be- tween the frequency in memory and the frequency on the dials. Either frequency becoming ac- tive will stop the scan. Normal operation is resumed by placing the mode switch to the simplex or offset positions.
For further information, con- tact Karetron Engineering Co., PO Box 241, Middletown OH 45042, Reader Service number 482.
las 73 Magazine • December, 1980
W2NSD/1
NEVER SAY DIE
ec/Ztor/a/ by Wayne Green
from page 8
read guess-what magazine and talk mostly to other old-tim- ers, , . all who have 20-year-old ham gear, factory made. . ,all you have to do is take one look at the number of pages of ads in 73 tor parts. Look here, if hams weren't building equipment, those f^rms wouldn't spend all that money to advertise parts.
One of the hottest microwave receivers on the market today was first designed by hams. It did so well they went into busi- ness making 'em. , .and these are the Cincinnati Microwave "Escort*' radar detectors. The hams are a bunch of chaps who spilt from Drake and went into the detector business. . .and are cleaning up. Do you think they would be doing that if they hadn*t been hams and learned about that through hamming?
KILL THE LAWYERS?
One of our readers (W2JTP) sent along a copy of Industriai Communlcatfons, a most inter- estmg newsletter v^hich covers the mobile radio field, among others. There was an article on the state of the art in spread spectrum (SS) connmunications such as was pioneered by John Costas in 1959, when I pub- lished an article by him on the subject in CQ. Much of the ex- perimentation with these tech- niques Is presently taking place in Japan.
Let me quote Industnal Com- munications on the subject of why the U.S. commercial sector has not pursued this: ^'It ap- pears that the principle 'wet blanket' in this regard is the reg- ulatory atmosphere that per- vades the nation^s capital. The present adversary structure and rigid rulemaking are so Incon- ducive to Innovative technoio- gtes that the prudent industrial- ist Is obliged to shift his ground in miniscule steps or not at all.
Already this native American technology is being investi- gated more seriously in Japan than in the U.S. It would be sad indeed if a burgeoning new field
were to become the patented re- serve of another country. Per- haps as a first step in regaining world leadership in this area, we should took to Shakespeare's Henry VI: Tirst we kill all the lawyers. , / '*
I see the fault lying not in the restrictions on the commercial field, but rather as a fatiure of amateur radio to provide the needed pioneering and invent- ing which is our responsibiiity . , ,and to hell with the FCC law- yers. I don't think it is necessary to kill them, just find honest work for them. . .fixing roads or something.
IT'S LOBBY TIME
A bill (HR-7747) has been en- tered into the legislative log- jams which could cause ama- teur radio one heil of a headache if we don't muster our forces to beat it to death m committee. This is a matter which should in- volve every amateur- . .individ- ual ly and via action through ham clubs. If any ham club does not take action on this, they need restructuring quickly.
The bill fs designed to protect the interests of the pay-TV peo- ple, who seem to be utterly para- noiac about a handful of experi- menters managing to see their shows without helping to pay for the corporate jets.
Historically, the FCC has had a strict policy of protecting the availability of aii radio frequen- cies against corporate privilege. Despite local regulations in some cities against listening to some frequencies, the FCC has stuck by their manifesto that the airwaves are the property of the people of our country, not those wishing to use them for making money or governing us. Thus it is and has been legal to tune any receiver to anything you wish.
In order to give some degree of protection to the users of ra- dio channels, there Is a rule which prohibits a listener from using information heard over the air for commercial gain or other such financial benefit.
This freedom to listen to the
radio is constantly being threat- ened by firms which want to use our frequencies for making money and are fearful that even a tiny body of people will tune in without paying in full. Rather than using sophisticated pro- tective measures such as cod- ing of the signals, they have tried to use their lawyers and their lobbying money to get around the FCC through Con- gress. Congress reacts positive- ly to money, as we know, so it is a logical approach. Congress re- acts even more positively to an outcry by the people they need even more than the lobbyists^ voters— and in this case this means you, your family, and your friends.
One ham should, with some motivation, be able to make one hell of a stink about something which is not only bad for the country, but in particular has very ominous portents for ama- teur radio. You know as well as I that once we let them start set- ting up laws prohibiting the use of the radio spectrum, it will be no time until we are not allowed to have all-band receivers or to even build experimental cir- cuits.
WHAT WAS PURAC?
This was an advisory commit- tee set up to work with the FCC and help them to cope with the growing CB problems of the mid-70s. It was made up of vol- unteers who worked at no cost to the FCC to solve the CB prob-- lems. The committee was brok- en into eleven subcommittees, each reporting on one aspect of the interlocking problems. The committee included quite a few hams and brought forth a report which was pubiished in three voiumes . . , a most authoritative report. Unfortunately, due to a shortage of funds, oniy ten copies of the report were ever printed. The part on RFI solving is considered by many in the FCC as definitive. The PURAC committee functioned from 1976 to 1978 and was decom- missioned by the FCC when the new administration came in and decided that there should be no further advisory commtttees.
In fairness, I gather that this demolishment of PURAC was a case of overkill, resulting from a desire to end the FCC practice of giving out contracts for re- ports... and paying dearly for them. This was a juicy iittle busi- ness In the 70s and attracted a
number of firms which had fig- ured out how to get the con- tracts and how to fulfill them, all with a minimum of actual work and value of the end reports. Having participated in one as- pect of this and having gotten a good look at how the whole sys^ tern worked, I'd say it was a good move to put a stop to that boondoggle.
REPEATERS CAN SAVE LIVES
Perhaps you've read about the emergency locator transmit- ters (ELT) which planes have aboard. They are small VHF transmitters which are triggered in a crash to help locate the downed plane. Obviously, the sooner a downed plane can be found, the more chance there fs that survivors can be saved, so every minute helps.
VHF being what it is, and planes which have crashed be- ing on the ground in most cases, ft figures that the higher you are when listening for these little low-powered ELT rigs, the better chance you will have of hearing them. So what is up in the air as high as we can put it? Repeater stations, of course.
It makes a lot of sense to me for every repeater site to have a receiver tuned to the ELT fre- quency so that any transmis- sions on this channel can be picked up as soon as they start. You still want to be able to use the repeater, so the ELT would not want to take complete con- trol, but you might want to have the repeater stay on the air once an ELT signal was coming In, perhaps with a low-level tone modulation so you can talk over it for search coordination.
Advanced tinkerers might set up an omnidirectional antenna for normal ELT listening, with a remote switching system to change to a directional antenna which can be rotated via the re- peater. . .and the peak signal di- rection {or null) indicated in some way. I'll bet we can drum up some interesting articles on how to do that! We need 'em anyway for eventual remote con- trolling of low-band beams via repeaters.
Every service we can supply with our repeaters is another merit badge for amateur radio. All of us should be thinking in t^rms of putting our expertise and equipment to the public good as often as possible. . . and then making darned sure the public knows about it. That's
73 Magazine • December, 1980 189
not being glory hungry or cyni- cal about it, Just being practical. If you want to attract more kids into hamming, you've got to be visible and make it seem like fun , . . which should not be much of a challenge.
All is not perfect with ELT transmitters either. Sometimes one will go off unintentlonaUy due to being set wrong, bumped^ or even jarred in a bad landing. If we have more people listening to the channel, we will put pres- sure on pilots and technicians to be sure that errant transmis- sions on the ELT channel are cut to a minimum and not just shrugged off.
You may be sure that Fd tike to hear about any repeaters set up lo help with the ELT situa* tlon. , .and so woutd the other readers.
RADAH JAMMING
During the time when Chuck Martin WA1KPS and I were mak- ing our tests of the 10-GHz ham gear. . .and running up our rec- ord of making contacts from here in New Hampshire to seven other nearby states... we did not entirely ignore the possibili- ties of using these little rigs to interfere with police radar.
The area out in front of our Elm Street building (with the 73 Magazine ham shack) is a favor- ite haunt for both the local and state police. It is at the top of a hill rising from the center ol town and Just over the lip of the hill. The result Is that cars come roaring up the wide highway and tend to ignore the 35-mile-per- hour speed limit . . . after all, it is a restricted entry road, so why drive that slowly? As they come over the top of the hill, there are the police, handing out speed- ing tickets.
On several occasions, I tried zapping these money makers with our 10-GHz ham rigs, but they never fazed them. After thinking about it, I realized that at 10 GHz the likelihood of bemg close enough in frequency to really interfere was remote. You have to get down to about 3 kHz and you just aren't going to be able to do that.
Upon reflection, 1 can see that those firms making fadarjam- ming rigs are Just seMing smoke. Sure, if you tuned one of them up exactiy on the channel of a radar unit, you could get it to work. But as soon as another radar came aJong, you*d get into trouble if you estpected to cause
false readings on it.
Despite the come-on mph cal- ibration of the bogus radar jam- mers, I suspect that the main value of these is for^ 0-GHz ham experimenting. I'm sure that many 73 readers would like to see more articles on 10-GHz equipment and tests, whether the stuff will jam radar or not*
THOSE SILLY EQUATIONS
One of the more serious wastes of my time in college was the time I spent learning enough to pass the courses on calcuius. Tve had a fundamental rute with 73 down through the years: Edit out the math equa* lions unless they are absolutely necessary. They rarely are, so you've seen precious few equa- tions in 73 during its twenty years of publication.
To give you an idea of how lit' tie calculus is really needed and what a waste of time it is in school, harken to my personal experience with it, I started in college in 1940 and went for two years, thus taking two damned years of calculus. Then, urged on by the government to cut out all this college nonsense and to get out there and fight. I joined the Navy (one lousy day before the Army was going to draft me « . .close call!).
After a year of schooling in the Navy, I was shipped out to the fleet and spent the rest of the war. . .or most of It. . .on a submarine, making five war patrols on the USS Drum (83228), Managing to survive that, despite stubborn efforts by both the Japanese and our own Air Force to put me into the Silent Key columns, I eventually got discharged and went back to college.
Having finished afl but one of the calculus courses during the first two years, all I had to do was breeze through that one re- maining course. Easier said than done. I found myself with virtually a zero recollection of two years of calculus. It had never come up during the inten- sive Navy electronics school courses, so I'd managed to com- pletely forget everything.
This put quite a strain on my first term back at school be- cause f had to first go back over four terms of calculus so I could hack the fifth term. Boy, did f hate thati
Funny thing... I have a re* markable memory for songs, po^ etry, and operettas, being able
to sing most of several Gilbert and Sullivan operettas, but I just had no recall on calculus.
In the over 30 years since col- lege, I have had no occasion to use any calculus, despite a wide variety of work, , .and the edit* ing of several thousand manu- scripts. I remember enough of it now so I am not intimidated by the use of calculus and I know that I can just edit most of it out of articles without hurting them at alL
This came to a head recently when a reader sent in a copy of a letter he'd written to Ham Radio magazine complaining about their excessive use of math in a W2PV article series. The writer, who is quite familiar with the math involved p took the editor to task for letting the author snow the readers with the totally un* necessary math.
One of the reasons that the scientific calculators did not achieve more popularity was that there were no instruction books available for them to ex* piai n how to make use of the sci- entific calculations which they made possible. Few business- men have the vaguest notion of what chi-squared represents, , . and none of the calculator in- structions helped them. Most of these same people would have loved to have been able to use the calculator to find out statistical data, If there had been any simple instructions on the application.
The lack of such instructions has cost the calculator people dearly. I'll bet they could have made millions more in sales if such a book had been available.
The technical articles in 73 are the equal of any In ham mag- azines, but we do try lo make them easier to understand by fil- tering out the math which some authors want to put in , , . mostly for ego purposes. We want to make It easy and fun to learn, not scare the hell out of you,
CROWD PLEASER
For a while it was beginning to look as if every newcomer to two-meter FM would eventually have his own repeater and sit there listening to it kerchunking every now and then with satis- faction. When the number of channels ran out in some areas, there were bitter fights . . . oddly enough, usually over the most active channels rather than those merely Sitting there un- used.
A recent report by Stanford University indicates that there are some new techniques which hams should be checking out . . .techniques which could pro* vide us with three times as many two-meter channels as we al- ready have. This would enable us to have three times as many unused repeaters as at pres- ent. . .and three times the num* ber of happy repeater owners kerchunking away every now and then. And think of the joy in Japan when a whole new set of ham gear is needed!
The new technique, called Amplitude Compandored Side- band Radio (ACSB), has some similarities to the recently dis- credited Narrow Band Voice Modulation (NBVM) craze which the ARRL went through and then dropped. With this system, it is possible to have voice chan- nels every 5 kHz on the VHF bands without interference. It also has a nice benefit in that It provides about a 10-dB improve- ment in reception over FM, which takes about 25 kHz or so... despite our attempts to contain it within 15 kHz.
The ACSB signal Is a side^ band type, but with some differ- ences. It has a voice processor which boosts the low and high frequencies to bring up the average power of the voice. , . plus it has a pilot tone about 7 dB weaker than the peak voice which keeps the receiver on tune (AFC) and provides decod- ing of the compandoring, a stan- dard signal for automatic gain control (AGO) to smooth out fad* ing and the picket fence syn- drome. The pilot also has a sub- audibte FM tone for selective calling. In some ways this sys- tem is quite simifar to my pro- posed automatic identification system described recently.
Of course we would have to change over to sideband from FM, which would mean all new rigs. That should bring about $5CX),000,000 in joy to the manu- facturers. It is not difficult to change present SSB rigs for the new system, but FM gear has re- ceivers which are far too wide for the SkHz channels.
Needless to say, I would like to see some experimentation with this system by amateurs and some articles on it. The cir- cuits necessary to do the pilot, the FM subcarrier. the AFC, the AGC, the compandoring, and all else involved are t)eing inte> grated into an LSI chip, so our
190 73 Magazine • December, 19B0
work may not be difficult
The 5-kHz channel spacing would mean that we could fit 80 channels between 146,00 and 146.40, where we now have 26, none of which can do well if any- where near an adjacent channel repeater. This would give us 160 channels in the 146- and 147- MHz repeater segments of the band. With more channelSt we would not need as many sim- plex channels and could take at teast half of them for one-MHz split repeaters, giving us 200 channels in the 146-14S seg- ment alone. That might even take care of Los Angeles for a year or two,
The pilot carrier system would fit right in with my pro- posed identification scheme, making it simple to locate any individual station desired. Each station would continuously send out identification, allowing you to see instantly the call of anyone using the repeater. Good-bye kerchunking and bad language.
The doubling of the range of reception for repeaters and the elimination of most of the fad- ing problems by the system would greatly improve our re- peater coverage and value. This would also help with hand trans- celvers, which could be made smaller due to the lower power which could be effective. Ten dB is equivalent to ten times the power, so a one-watt HT would be about the same as a 10 Watt mobile rig in effectiveness... unless we throw the power away with a rubber duckie.
Let's see what we can do to pioneer this idea.
INFECTING THE ACNE SET
Now that It is no longer un- popular to be successful^ it may be possible to carry the mes- sage about amateur radio into the high schools and turn on the students to hamming instead of pot or the development of a life- long dependency on tobacco or booze.
The fact is that we have one hell of a message for the kids, for not only is hamming fun, but it also is one of the best keys one can find these days to get- ting an edge on the future. Is there any question In your mind that the electronics field is not going to keep right on growing at a healthy rate for the next 50 years? Every sign is that elec- tronics is going to be more mixed Into everything we do in
the future than it is now. . .and that includes computers, ob- viously.
We're heading Into a world ful! of micro communications devices which will put us in touch with each other at will and be able to gather information on a magnitude not even realized today. The bottom line in all of this is electronics. . .and how better to learn and be ahead of the pack than to get sucked into amateur radio? It happened to me and It happened to you.
Surveys show us that current- ly almost 90% of the teenagers who get hooked on amateur ra- dio are going into electronics in some form. We also know that about 50% ofthe newly licensed amateurs are either 14 or 15 years old, so it is obvious that the growth of amateur radio is tied closely to the growth In the number of eiectronics oriented people. . .who are or will be- come technicians and engi- neers.
The Japanese took clever ad- vantage of us when they Insti- tuted a code-free ham ticket and thus laid the groundwork for the incredible amateur population they have today. Next they got their amateurs to talk up ama- teur radio In the high schools and get ham clubs going. The result is that today amateur radio in Japan is known to every- one in the country and they have nearly one million hams, virtual- ly all active. That's almost six times our active hams, and we have twice their populatjon. Is tt any wonder Japan is ahead of us in technology?
As I see it, the future of ama- teur radio as well as the future of our country depends on how much enthusiasm our ham clubs and repeater groups can put into developing interest in amateur radio in the high schools. We need to expose these kids to hamming and get them Involved with ham clubs.
One approach to this is for your club to set up a demonstra- tion ham station in the local high school and pass out litera- ture about hamming which will explain the fuo involved, the practical long-range advan- tages, and give detai I s on how to get started. If you keep after 'em, you'll have plenty of kids in your classes at the club. . .and we'll start seeing some signifi- cant growth in amateur radio again.
if you have someone In your
club who has some experience in public speaking, you might get them to go around to the lo- cal schools and explain the ad- vantages and fun of amateur radio. From a practical stand- pointp the kids could hardly ask for a better hobby since ham- ming will aim them at the pot of gold ahead in electronics.
When it comes to being a suc- cess in life, It is a lot easier to make it in a field which is grow- ing than In one where the field Is dying... such as education. I give a lot of talks to groups on the fundamentals of success and I usually start out by ex- plaining that there are several time-proven ways of investing your life so that you will never be a commefcial success. . .never be able to make much money. One is to go into teaching. Now this may be very rewarding in spirit, but it sure results in very few yachts and planes. . .or se- curity. Then there is working for the government, which does have security, but at one hell of a price in salary and opportuni- ty. Another big loser Is working for a large corporation. Again there is a tight lid on salaries, though a mere handful do man- age to work up into the 90% in- come tax bracket. It's a tough way to go. , ,and you can get canned at anytime.
So if the direction that our col- leges and all the media push on us aims us at losing, how can we aim kids at careers which wllf give them the probability for making real money? The secret to being successful is to plan for it and work at things which will have a good chance of resulting in getting rich. Certainly; consid- ering the growth which has come about in electronics (and computers), this is a lot better field to go into than English, art, or law. Just what we really need is more lawyers.
Hamming is particularly good because it gets kids into the habit of thinking about their life's work more than the usual eight hours a day- Hams never really stop thinking about their interest. Hundreds of hams get Ideas for new products and start up small firms to make them . . . and a few of these pan out well and we have big firms such as Drake resulting . . -Electro- Voice, etc. Others go for a while and then fade away, but the ex- perience gained by the entre- preneur is invaluable and will surface later. When I meet the
heads of medium-sized firms in electronics, it is rare that I don't find a ham heading things up.
So get out there and spread the contagion. , Jet*s get the ham virus going In high schools. You'll enjoy seeing your handi- work... the kids will certainly benefit. . .amateur radio will grow and perhaps we can even get the leadership in electronic technology back from Japan.
THE CODE-FREE HASSLE
Some years ago, in response to the pressures from the CB in- dustry, I could see a concerted move afoot to grab the ham 220 MHz band. I thought we might be able to fight this off with some stratagems, but I wanted to make sure that we were as well covered as possible so I came up with a no-code ham ticket proposal for the 220-MHz band.
My strategy was to give the CB manufacturers an out which would sell equipment for them . . .possibly as well as making 220 into a CB band, but which would still leave it a ham band and thus not force hams out of it. The growth of hamming, which this would bring about, was needed... and still is. By starting people in as hams in- stead of CBers, I felt that we could exert ham influence on them to upgrade much more than we could if they were just CBers.
The license that I proposed was not a sign-it-and-own-it CB ticket, but one which would be granted by ham clubs only after people Interested graduated from ham training classes and passed exams in very simple theory, operating techniques, and rules. I felt this would, at the same time, put the new licen- sees in touch with clubs where they coutd continue on to higher classes of license and experi- ence the ham spirit.
The proposal I made also spe- cified that the no-code license part of the band would be bordered by parts of the band open only to higher classes of li- cense such as Technicians. I had in mind the use primarily by repeaters which would have to be operated by higher class li- censees and would thus give the newcomers a good introduction to amateur radio and make sure that they did not think of it as CB. That, plus the ham club li- cense classes, I felt, would get these new people aimed in a
73 Magazine • December, 1980 191
good direction.
If the band were set up with repeater inputs from, say, 220.5 to 222.0, and outputs from 223.0 to 224.5, ttiis would provide a iiaif meg on each end of the band for higher class operators (and repeaters) plus a full meg in the middle for higher class. . .or perhaps split with half of it for the new class simpleic and half for higher class.
With 220 still not very much used in most areas of the coun- try, this concept could still fly.
The plan did cause some weakening of the CB industry ranks and it helped us in that re- spect. I also got after my friends
in Mexico and Canada to put on their pressures to stop the CB takeover of 220 and that had even more of an Impact.
When I first proposed the no- code license, the ARRL was op- posed to it. Then, as pressures from the industry mounted, they flopped over and were in favor of it. Now I understand that they are opposed again.
Seeing what a no-code ticket has done for Japan, with many benefits and no detectable drawbacks, I'm still very much in favor of the idea. I was more en- thusiastic before Dick Bash started publishing his detailed cheat sheets on the FCC li-
censes, which essentially can- celled their effectiveness. Right now the only thing between anyone wanting a ticket and having it is the code or being too cheap to buy the Bash cheatos. Until we are able to resolve that mess, Tm not inclined to push for going to a purely written no- code ham test.
If we could set it up as I had proposed with ham clubs issu- ing the licenses to those people who had taken and passed their courses on being a ham, I would again favor a no-code situation. There are some probiems to be resolved before clubs would be able to have the right to issue
tickets. I would like to see ama- teur radio get more autono- mous, having much more of a say in our regulations and the granting of licenses. We might be able to work out a system where we could get needed rule changes made in tess than ten years, thus allowing amateur radio to keep up with technolog- ical developments instead of jnaving to stay at least ten to twenty years behind.
If you have any well-thought- out ideas on a no-code license situation, please write in. None of us needs any emotional out- burst or other red-neck re- sponses. . .just good ideas.
LOOKm WEST
from pBQB 12
Frankly, I have a feeling that this is where the problem in relation to this dismissal order comes from.
While I cannot speak for the Commission, I can surmise what transpired. Mr. Talley sub- mitted his petitions under the assumption that the Commis- sion understood amateur radio's internal interpretation regarding repeater categorization. He even told me that h^s opposition was toward repealers that re- quired one to become a member of some club or organization in order to use the repeating facili- ties. Again remember, we in amateur radio consider closed and private repeaters as those which restrict system access to club members. But the FCC did not read it that way. To the Com- mission, an open repeater is ap- parently one that offers no con- trol over system operation, either technically or operation- atiy. At least that's what seems to come to iight when you read the dismissal order.
Therefore, tf my guess is right, a system that has some form of control is looked upon as a closed or private repeater. It seems to have become a prob- lem of semantics. They have never bothered to reseach what we in the amateur community accept on a day-to-day opera- tional level. The Commission ap-
parently looked upon Mr. Talley 's request as one of removing all controls and guidance from re* peater operation and reacted along those lines. Unfortunate- ly, they may well have set an un^ welcome precedent and started us on the road toward reregula- tion rather than continuing with deregulation.
Even more unfortunate is that in using the rationale they have, the Commission has overlooked the true intent and purpose of Mr. Talley's filings. In my view, Mr. Talley was actually raising a Constitutional issue. His con- tention is that amateur repeat- ers should be by iaw available to any qualified licensed amateur. I oppose this because it is my sincere belief that to force any- one operating a repeater to make it available to anyone is akin to forcing him to provide a service for another person that he may not wish to provide for that person. If you are going to open all repeaters to all quali- fied amateurs, then^ by the same token, you also must make ali individual amateur sta^ tions available to all qualified amateurs, regardless of where such stations are located.
The concept of forcing one amateur to provide a service for another is what I object to, and this has nothing to do with either amateur radio's or the Commission's interpretation of
repeater categorization. \n my opinion, the defeat of RM-2844 was justified, but not for the reasons noted In the dismissal order. Had H been stated that the reasons l have outlined were the basis of their decision to deny, then I could agree with it. Maybe it's time that we in amateur radio begin to educate those who regulate our service, get them to understand our ter- minology and definitions in re- gard to our day-today opera- tions. If this can be achlevedt then we can really get on with things.
There is nothing wrong with the system by which regulations governing our hobby are gener- ated. For the most part. It is peo- ple like you and I who generate them, for better or worse. We are very lucky: In most other places, rules are simply by government decree. There is nothing that the amateur can do but abide by them without recourse.
Here, in America, we can help generate and guide the destiny of amateur radio through the public rulemaking procedure. This is a liberty we must cherish and utilize for the good of our hobby. But we also must find a way to overcome the semantics problem so that when we talk about open repeaters, the FCC understands our meaning and we theirs. When we speak of modes, power levels, or any- thing else, each must know the meaning of the other's words. This will go a long way in devel- oping more positive lines of in- teraction between those of us who comprise the amateur com- munity and the agency that reg- ulates our operations.
SHOULD THERE BE PRIVATE REPEATERS DEPARTMENT
In any discussion, we must first set some ground ruies for understanding. In this case, 1 feel it is best that we begin by re- viewing the definitions of the three categories of repeater op- eration as accepted within the amateur community. Over the years, the following definitions have developed:
Open Repeat&f: An amateur relay device placed into opera- tion by an individual or group to serve the needs of all licensed and qualified amateurs in a given area. In most cases, no form of tone access is neces- sary to access such a system.
Closed Repeater: An amateur relay device which requires that one become a member of the sponsoring organization to gain use of the relay system facili- ties. However, membership in such organizations is open to any interested amateur licensee.
Private Repeater: An amateur relay device which, like the closed repeater, requires mem- bership in the sponsoring organ- ization. However, the availability of such membership is at the discretion of the system licen- see. Both closed and private re- peaters are usually tone ac- cessed, and such access tones are considered to be proprietary information.
If we accept these as our defi- nitions of operational categori- zation, then a question arises. Should the latter two be per- mitted to exist in today's ama- teur society? it probably de- pends upon where you reside, conditions of crowding on vari- ous bands, and, most important- ly, your own personal taste. I
192 73 Magazine • December, 1980
cannot comment on the last, but in regard to the others, I have a number of words, some of which will not make the owners of closed and private repeaters too happy. What I have to say differs from earlier commentary that has appeared over the years in this column, but this is because of the ever-changing face of the amateur service itself.
If you live out in the boon- docks where nobody cares, you can basically do your own thing and nobody will say boo. If there are only three or four repealers in your area and a clear band, then I do not think anyone will really care what category of op- eration you choose. However, in crowded urban areas where one finds a repeater or two every 15 kHz between 146 and 148 MHz and the same condition every 20 kHz from 144.5 through 145.5 MHz, then the two-meter band is no place to start or continue a closed or private device. Two meters has become "the people's band" and, for the most part, "the people" want and demand access to the en- tire spectrum. While densely poputated metro areas mfght have been able to toierate a number of private repeaters on two meters only a few short years ago, with today's spec- trum crunch it may be time for those wishing this category of operation to look toward green- er, less occupied spectrum.
I have no qualms with cfosed and private repeaters. In fact, I freely admit to being a member of two such entities, but neither of these are on two meters. Over
the past several years, I have been invited onto a number of private two-meter systems here in the Los Angeles area, but each time have declined such an invitation. Yes, there is a pJace in our society for those who want their privacy and there is nothing wrong with their want- ing it. But the urban private re* peater of today, operating with- in the crowded confines of the two-meter band, is somewhat akin to a case of the ffu. Neither is very welcome anymore. As time progresses and the spec- trum crunch tightens, they will probably become a definite lia- bility within our amateur com- munity.
On the other hand, there are bands with practically no utiliza- tion. This holds true even for areas where the two-meter band (s saturated with 24-hour-a-day activity. Such spectrum would welcome any activity, private or otherwise. This is where such systems belong, out of the main- stream of today's amateur activ- ity. Further, those wishing the luxury of operation on such a system should be prepared to spend the extra bucks for the necessary equipment, be it on 6 meters, 220 MHz, or 450 MHz. (f you want the luxury, then be pre- pared to pay the price tag that comes with it. After all, the vast majority of those using the two- meter band are not that inter- ested in getting on a private or closed system. For most, ama- teur radio is a recreation and not an avocation. I can see no rea- son to displace the masses in deference to the few. I do not
condemn private or closed oper- ations. They have their place within the structure of amateur radio society and as such serve a definite purpose. Many of the earliest systems had restricted access, and from them has come much of the open opera- tion of today. However, in areas where the two-meter band is overflowing with activity, where the coordinator or coordination council has a waiting list a yard long for new open repeaters, the closed and private category sys- tem should take a back seat to the will of the majority.
SIX-METER BAND PLANNING, CONTINUED
The band plan outlined in the September issue on page 163 has begun to get some re- sponse. What I find very scary is that thus far I have not received any negative commentary. Some suggested changes, yes, but nothing that says ''NO" em- phatically, One important addi- tion that i want to note concerns the existence of another Pacif id DX corridor It was not brought to my attention prior to the for- mulation of the band plan and therefore was not included.
A second Pacific DX corridor does exist from 51,0 through 511 MHz. It has been around for some time but never has been given very much publicity. So, if we were to obtain deregulation down to 51 MHz for FM relay op- erations, in some areas it might be wise to keep FM away from this small slot to protect weak- signal operations. Again, this
would fall under a voluntary pro- gram and not be part of the ama- teur rules and regulations. It would be exactly the same as the Pacific DX corridor that ex- ists from 52,0 through 52.1 MHz. I might suggest that you pencil this into the band plan for future reference.
For the moment, that's about it in regard to six meters. More on the subject will be included in future columns and as com- ments come in.
FINAL UPDATE ON STORY ONE
We opened this month's col- umn by reporting on the dismis- sal order to RM-2844, an order that on the surface seems to eliminate open repeater opera- tion. We also included a scenar- io on what we hypothesized as being the sequence of events leading up to it. Well, informa- tion we have gathered seems to point to this being similar to what really happened,
tt appears as though the order was given to a member of staff to prepare the document. The person was not all that familiar with Part 97 as it governs repeat- er operation and wrote the docu- ment based upon his own under- standing. After its release, a number of inquiries were made to its validity and it was brought to the attention of a senior member of the staff who agreed that its wordage was somewhat contradictory to the rules as written, A clarification has been promised. It should be forth- coming and we may have it for next month's column. I hope that it will clear the air.
LETTERS
from page 24
what about the other 99% of the time? Unfortunately, although they expect us to operate in the public interest, we really can't expect them to do likewise.
If the FCC doesn't resume testing in Germany, there is only one option left. That is to rein- state the Conditional class li- cense which we had many moons ago. If this can't be done, then they should put the testing
program in the hands of the Ex- tras. The FCC would undoubted- ly balk at a suggestion such as this because of past problems concerning "mail-order" Techni- cians, But I am sure that the Ex- tra class hams can run an hon- est and sound testing system not only for amateurs, but also for the commercial applicants. I have already earned my Extra class ticket, but I am speaking for the hundreds of hams and those desiring their phone li- censes. In closing, all I can add
is that "the FCC giveth, the FCC taketh away."
Harry A. Schools KA3B/DA2AL
APONY
Thanks for tfre fetter, Harry; you are expressing what t heard ev* ^ry where f went In Europe a few months ago. Perhaps someone shouid petition the FCC to solve the problem with an overseas CondltionsI license arrange- ment? The major problem, both with lack of growth of the hobby and with the FCC problems, stems from our lack of a lobby to push for amateur radio in Wash- ington. . .and in particular with the FCC. it is completely unfair to blame the FCC for acting like any other go)/ernment bureau and reacting to lobbying pres-
sures which are on them from all sides. . .except amateur. — Wayne.
[
ITS A MESS
Every time 1 read an article or letters from readers regarding FCC decisions, which are usual- ly negative, causing more gov^ ernment control of amateur ra- dio and more restrictions, I won- der if the founders of the Feder- al Communications Commis- sion were of this mind?
Amateur radio has been the victim of the Commission's in- ability to cope with their bum de- cisions on CBers. But the worst of ail Is the alphabet soup call letters of all descriptions. As I
73 Magazine * December, 1 980 193
see H, it is further degradation of amateur radio. We used to be able to tell where a particular calisign would originate from, but not now; it's a mess! Possi- bly, they want to fracture this sacred organization, i.e., to make it like CB. I surely hope not.
I have been a licensed ham since 1939 and I still enjoy ham radio. This brings to mif>d a re- cent overseas contact on 20 CW with a ham in northern Norway* My comment that I had been an amateur since 1939 brought this response: '1, too, am an old-tim- er, receiving my f irsi ticket in '38, and I dearly love my hobby.'*
Henry S, Mitchell Seattle W A
Henry, a lot of us grumble about the fCC, and certamty some of the rules they put through are for political reasons srid not ir) the best interestB of the hobby . . . but then we have virtually no iobby there to deal with the FCC and guide them in a positive way, so we can expect no more than we get. When you are deah ing with government, you have to do things the government way, and this means lobbying for your hobby. It Is useless to get mad at the FCC for acting perfectly normal and hold blameless the real villains.., the people we are paying to represent us. — Wayne.
ANTENNA CHOKES
Tve received an Interesting letter from Al Stabler AD6G commenting on my article, "Check Chirp with a Choke/' which appeared in the June Is- sue. Al comments as follows; "IVe used a similar device in alt of my antennas— but for a slightly different reason. The idea is to remove rf from the feed lines. King, in his book Transmission Lines, Antennas and Wave Guides (Dover, 1965), page 151, states that common mode currents, i.e., antenna cur- rents on the outside of a coax or antenna currents on both con- ductors of a parallel feedfine, can be de-tuned or eliminated by placing a high impedance to these currents at a point on the line where the current would be maximum.
"For a dipole antenna, the op- timum location for the high im* pedance would be at the feed- poinl where the cyrrenl is maxi-
mum, or at A/2 intervals from the feed point. I have found that a choke coil like yours placed at the feedpoint of a dipole is much more effective at eliminating rf on the feedline than a conven- tional balun. I no longer use a balun, just a choke.
"Field strength measure- ments have shown that the radiation pattern of a dipole an- tenna IS drastically altered when there is rf on the feedline, but the addition of a choke at the feedpoint corrects this problem.
*1 first found that I had rf on the feed line when I noticed that the swr was different at different points along the feedline. With the choke insiailed, this prob- lem goes away.
**P.S. If you resonate the choke with a variable capacitor the results are even better!"
Thanks for the interesting feedback, Al. Resonating with a capacitor had not occurred to me, but for singie-band opera- tion, an improvement could cer- tain ly be obtained by this expe- dient. For allband operation, it would be best to stick with the choke method. Another applica- tion for choke isolation of unde- sired antenna currents comes to mind. This is the suppression of rf energy from the shack when necessary to eliminate rf burns resulting from contact with "hot" equipment.
Stanford J. Solms WA2MEL
Sunnyvale CA
FUN-PEDITtONS
Caribbean vacation spots are certainly not DXpeditions— they are DX operations or are some- times called fun^pedltions. Let's start putting DXpeditions vs, DX operations in true perspective. True DXpeditions include, but are not limited to. for example, Malpelo, Bouvet, Okino Torishi- ma, Spratly, et al. My new show is all of these plus many others. Hope you can catch my show on the circuit. It's a great show.
Hugh Q. Vandegrift WA4WME
Kiileen TX
We 7/ be looking for you, Hugh, and be sure to take a lot of good color pictures for the write-ups on your trip. One of the prob- lems with some of the earlier DXpeditions to many of the places you mentioned was that they were fakes. At least when someone says he is on a fairly rare island in the Caribbean,
there is a good chance he is where he says he Is. But remem- ber one thmg, Hugh: If I haven't worked a particular country, that's DX for me and the chap vlsitmg is on a valid DXpedidon. The bottom line is fun. . . the fun of working DX for us and the fun of being DX for you — Wayne^
OPERATOR'S LICENSE
With regard to the new flap over the tactics of Mr. Bash and his "educational services," I would like to add some addition- al comment.
Personally, 1 never could un- derstand why someone had to have an understanding of the workings of electronics to be- come a ham. Frankly, it stems from the old days when you had to put things together (home- brew) to even get on the air To- day we are flooded with state-of- the-art rigs. Who needs home brew unless you are personally interested in doing that; why do 1 have to know the stuff?
Before someone jumps on me, rd better mention that t have a background in electron- ics and work for an electronics firm here and was originally li- censed in 1957.
Most everyone today is an ap- pliance operator anyway. What we need is a test that makes all potential operators have a thor- ough knowledge of the rules of the road, proper operating pro- cedures, proper use of radios and tuning up, and etiquette on the air. As far as I am concerned, it is no different than a license to own or operate a car, truck, gun. fishing rod. camper, or what- ever. Look at all of the people out there that took a driver's test many years ago in a car and go out and buy a big camper, get behind the wheel, and create a menace on the highways. (This is not to say that many people don't drive campers well) i fall to see a big difference. Who really cares what a MOSFET does, or a diode, or a spark plug, as long as the rig/car works. Some folks would not know a spark plug from a rotor,
I endorse and support Mr. Bash, will use his services, pro- vide feedback, and do whatever else 1 can. To those that scorn him, I detect a note of jealousy (these services were not avail- able to them) and a desire to maintain some elitist group. We should keep the code as It is, but
all this theory is for the people that really like it. Heck, you can get a pilot's license without knowing how to fix the plane. Too many old folks reluctant lo make change stagnate anything they are involved in. Let's wake up and revitalize ham radio. Now is the time.
Alan Davis KB7HM Salt Lake City
Lef's hear it for the code-free,
theory-free license- — Wayne.
KEEP IT SHORT
I am pieased that you have seen fit to promote 10-meter FM in 73.
As one who has been on 29.6 for many years (at the tjottom of the sunspot cycle)^ I am dis- turbed at the new arrivals on 29.6 complaining about people who aren't QRP or running a converted CB. (Everyone else is using excessive power.) I wel- come these newcomers and hope they will contribute to the band. The fact that most have converted a CB or old mobile rig places them among the few hams who are not merely appli- ance operators.
QRP contacts are an everyday thing on 29,6, but they are usual- ly brief. 1 would hope that for the first few exchanges, the QRP operator would keep it short— QTH, handle, rig, signal report. As exchanges prove the band is holding up, then rag chew- Over 50% of my contacts were fading into the noise before 1 could get basic information, so I have stopped calling the marginal ones.
The newcomers are probably not aware that 1 kW and a 5-el beam on 29.6 will provide a fade margin for long, frequent con- tacts while they are fading into the noise.
Hopefully, everyone will be able to coexist on this small piece of 10 meters. QRP signals are great for studying propaga- tion, and we all have tots to
learn.
My hope is that some of these
QRPers will see the vatue of
power and gain before we hit a low in the sunspot cycJe. There is a whole world of 600-1 ZOO^mile sporadiC'E activity white 20/15 meters are closed, but a QRP will be unable to take advantage of It.
Les Whitlaker Jr, WBiPXA
Miami FL
194 73 f{4agazine » December, 196Q
2822 North 32nd street. #1 • Phoenix, Arizona 85008 • Phone 602-956-9423 -"^
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5. Ml 11.60 20.00
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NE555V TIMERS
39c each or 10/$3.0Q
NEW DUAL COLON LED
69t each or
10/$5.00
HEP170 1000 PIV
2.5 Amps 25< each or 100/$15.00
HIGH VOLTAGE CAPS 420 MFD ^ 400 VDC OR 600 MFD (® 400 VDC $6.99 each
MEW ROTRON BISCUIT FANS Model BT2AI 115 VAC $12.99 each ^
TOR IN TA700 FANS NEW
Model A30340
230 VAC <?> .73 Amps
Will also work on 115 VAC
$29.99 each
ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS
Check, money order, or credit cards welcofTie, (Mastercharge and VISA only) No personal checks or certified personal checks for foreign count rys accepted. Money order or cashiers check In U.S. funds only. Letters of credit are not acceptable.
Minimum shipping by UPS is $2-35 with insurance. Please allow extra shipping charges for heavy or long items.
All parts returned due to customer error will be subject to a 15X restock charge.
If we are out of an I tern ordered, we will try to replace it with an equal or better part unless you specify not to, or we will back order the item, or refund your money,
PRICES ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. Prices superseade all previously published. Some items offered are limited to small quantities and are subject to prior sale.
We now have a toll free number but we ask that it be used for CHARGE ORDERS ONLY. If you have any questions please use our other number. We are open from 8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m, Monday thru Saturday,
Our toll free number for orders only is 800-528-3611,
DOOR KNOB CAPS 470 pf ^ 15 KV Dual 500 pf t® 15 680 pf @) 6 KV 800 pf (© 15 KV 1000 pf ^ 20 KV 270Q pf ^ 40 KV
JUMBO LEO'S Red
Clear Yel low Green Amber
8/$ 1,00 6/$1.00 6/$ 1.00 6/$ 1.00 6/51.00
MEDIUM LED's Red 6/$1.00 Green 6/$ 1,00
$3.99 each
KV 5-99 each
3,99 each
3.99 each
5.00 each
5.99 each
NEW G-E. OPTO COUPLERS kUlS 69c each or 10/$5.00
NEW & USED BCD SWITCHES 3 switch with end plates New $8.99 Used $6*95
HICRO-HINI WATCH CRYSTALS
32.768 H2 $3.00 each
— — — -1-^ ■ - — — —
NEW 2 inch ROUND SPEAKERS 100 Ohm coi 1 99< each
PLASTIC TO-3 SOCKETS V$1.00
NO ORDERS UNDER $10
t^ Reader Ssfvtce—s&^ page 22G
73 Magazine • December, 1980 195
on
Scanners!
NEW Rebates!
Communications Electronics^ the
world's largest distributor of radio scan- ners, celebrates Christmas early with big savings on Bearcat synthesized scanners. Electra Company, the manufacturers of Bearcat brand scanners is offering con- sumer rebates on their fantastic line of crystaifess scanners purchased between September 15 and November 15, 1980. We give you excellent service because CE distributes more scanners worldwide than anyone else. Our warehouse facilities are equipped to process thousands of scanner orders eve ry week We also export scan ne rs to over 300 countries and military instal- lations. Most items are in stock for quick shipment. Do your Cliristmas scanner shop- ping early and order today from CE!
BearcatfSOO
The Uitimaie Synthesixeti Scanner!
List price S5t9^5/CE price $329.0O/$20.00 rebate Your final cost is a low $309.00 4-6an(if SO Chanrs&i • Service Search » No- crystal scanner « AM Aircraft and Public Service bands, • Priority Channel * AC/OC Bands: 32-50. 118-136 AM, 144^174,421-5^2 MHi. The new Bearcat 300 is the most advanced aulo- matte scanning radio ttiat has ever been offered to the public- The Bearcat 300 uses a bnght green fluorescent digital disptay, so it's ideaf tor mobile applications. The Bearcat 300 now has these added features; Service Search, Oispiay ^ntensitv Controi, Hold Search and Resume Search keys, Separate Band keys to permit took- ir/Eock- out of any band for tnore efMciant servtce search,
Bearcat® 250
Ust pnce S419 95, CE price S259.O0/S20.O0 rebate Your final cost is a low S239.00 SO Channels * Crystaliess * Searches Stores • R0Q0IIS • Digital clock • AC/ DC Priority Channel m 3-Saftcf • Count Feature. FreQuency range 32-50, 146-174, 420-512 MHz. The Bearcat 250 pertorms any scanning function you could possibly want. With push button ease you can pmgram lip to 50 channels for automatic monitoring. Overseas customers should order the 0e area f 250 FB at $349.00 each. This model is (Ike a Bearcat 250. but deslgnedfor internati^onalopei-ation wfth220VAC/1 2 V DC power supply and 66-88 MHz low band coverage Instead of 32-50 MHz.
Bearcat® 220
List price $41 9 95/CE price S2 59.00/820. DO rebate Your final cost is a low S239,00 AircrsH af%d puMic service mortft&r, Frequ^r^cy ra^ge 32-50, nB-'i36AM, 144- J 74, 420-512 MHl. The Bearcat 220 Is one scanner which can monitor all public service bands plus the eKciting AM aircraft band channels. Up to twenty frequencies may be scann ed at the same time. Overseas customers should order the Searcar 220FB at S349.00 each. This model is like a Bearcat 220, but designed for international operation with 220 V AC/1 2 V OC power supply and 66-88 MHz low band coverage instead of 32-50 MHz.
NEW/ Bearcat® 21 OXL
List price $319.95/CE price $2Q9.0O/$20.00 rebate
Your final cost is a lows 189,00
is Channets * 3 Band^ * Crystatless * AC/ DC
Fr&quertcy rang&: 32 50. U4-174, 421-512 MHz. The Searcaf 2 1 0XL scanning radio is the second gener- ation scanner that replaces the popular BearcAi 210 and 211. tt has almost twjce the scanning capacity of the Searcar 210 with 18 channels plus dual scanning speeds and a bright green lluorescent display.
NEW! 50-Channel Bearcat 300
FItEE Bearcat® Rebate Offer
Gel a coupon good for a $2Q rebate when ycu purchase a 8^arc3i 300, 250, 220 or 2 1 0XL. $ 1 0 rebate on models 211, 210 and l60,Toget your retaate, mail this coupon with your original dated sales receipt ^nd the Saarcaf moctel rmmber frorrt the carton to Eiectra Vou'lt receive your rebate in four to SIX weeks. Otter valid only on purchases made belwen September 1:5, 1 980 and November 1 S, 1 980. AU requesta mus-t be postmgrKs-d by Movem&er 29, 19S0-. Limit of one re-bate per housetioJd. Coupon musl accompany all rebate requests and may not be reproduced. Offer good only In the U.S.A. Void where taxed or protiibited by law. Resellers, companies, clubs and organ i^arionsHaoth profit a net non- profit-are not eHgfcble for rebatet. Employees of Etectra Company^ thair advertssing agencieSf distributors and re- tailers of Bearcaf Scanners are atso not eligible for rebates. Please toe sure to send in the correct amount for your scanner. Pay the fisied C E price in rhis ad. Do not deduct the rebate ampunt since your rebate w^li be sent directly to you from Electra. Orders received wtth tnsufricleni payments wj 1 1 not be proces-'Sed and will be returned.
NEWl Bearcat® 1 60
List price $279.95/CE price $1 89,00/S1 0.00 rebate Your f inat cost is a low $1 79^00 f 6 Channels • J Bands « AC only • Priority Quel Scan Speeds • Direct Channel Access
Frequency range: 32 50, 144-174. 440-512 MHz. The Bearcaf 1 60 presents a new dimension (n scanning tofin and Junction . The keyboard Js snnooth, No buttons to punch. No knobs to turn. Instead, finger-tip pads provide- control of aU scanning operations, including On/Oft Volume and Squelch. Green easy to read fluorescent display.
HEWl Bearcat^ 5/800 MHz
Tho world's first 600 MHx. scanner!
Th}S(sanew modet Sf}\pmBnt^ wHi begin in Decemb&r 1930.
List price $1 79.95/CE price $1 29-00
0 Crystal ChennefB * 4 Bands m AC only
Fmqu&ncy r^ng^: 33-50, 144-1/4, 440-5 S 2, 306-870 MHz. The Bearcat 5/800 MHz is the only scanner on the market today that offers coverage of the 800 MHz. public service band and the other public service bands. IndivJduat channel lockouK Scan De^ay. Manual Scan.
Bearcat^ 5
List price $129.95/CE price $89.00
# Crystal Channels * 3 Bands •AC only
Frequency range: 33 50. 146 174. 450-508 MHz. The Bearcats isa value- packed crystal scanner tjuilt for th© scanning professional — at a price the first-time
buyer can afford. Individual lockout switches.
Bearcat^ Four-Six ThinScan™
List price 5179.95/CE price $114.00 Frequency range: 33-47, 152-164, 450-503 MHlL The incredible, new Bearcat Four-SixThin Scan" is like having an information center rn your pocket. This three band, 6 channel crystal con trolled scanner has patented TrackTuning on UHF. Scan Delay and Channel Lockout. Measures 2^/i x 6Vi x T:' Includes rubbef ducky antenna. Order crystals for each channel, Made in Japan.
NEWS Fanon SlimllrTe 6-HLU
List price Sl6a95/CE price $109.00 Low cost 6-channelf 3''band scanner!
The new Fanoti Slimline 6-HLU gives you six channels of crystal controlled excitemerit Unique Automatic Peak Tuning Circuit adiusts the receiver front end for maximum sensitivity across the entire UHF band, indi- vidual channel lockout switches. Frequency range 30-50, 146-175 ar^d 450-512 MHz. Sfcze2^ ^SVj x ir Includes ru bber d ucky a n t en n a. O rde r crystal cert if icates f o reach channel. Made in Japan.
NEW! Fanon Slimline 6-HL
List pnce $ 1 49.95/CE price S99.O0 6-Channel performance at 4-channel cost!
Frequency range: 30-50. 146-1 75 MHz. If you don '? need the UHF band, get this model and save money. Same high performance and features as the model HLU without the UHF band. Order crystal certifi- cates for each channel, f^ade in Japan.
FAHOH SCAHHER ACCMSSORtES
CHB'6 AC Adapter/ Battery Cfiarger St 5,00
CAT-9 Carr ying cas* for Fanon w/Be(t Clip S 1 5.00
AUD3 Auto lighter adaptor/Battery Chargm SI 5.00
OTHER SCANNER ACCESSORiEB
SPSO AC Adapter ...,..■..,... , ., S9.00
SP51 Baitery Charger. . . . sa.OO
S Pse C arf y i n g Case For Beared f 4 -6 Th j m S ca n" .$12.00
FQ-E Frequency Directory for Eastern U.S. A SI 2.00
f 8-W Frequency Directory for WS'St^rn U.S.A. . . . Si 2,00
FFD Federal Frequency Okectorv for U S.A S1 2.00
B'4 1 .i? V AAA Ni-Cad's for ThinScan" and Fanon , , . $9.00
A-135CC Crystal certificate ,.S3.00
Add $3.00 shipping for all aoceEsones ordered at the same time,
INCREASED PERFORMANCE ANTENNAS
ff you want the utniost in performance from your scanner, it isessential that you use an e)tterr>ai antenna. We have six base and mobile antennas specifically designed for receiving all bands. Order #A60 is a magnet mount mobile antenna. Order #A61 is a gutter clip mobile antenna. Order #A62 is a trunK-lip mobile antenna. Order #A63 is a ^k inch hole mount Order #A64 isa % Inch snap-in mount, and#A70 isan all band base station antenria. All antennas are $30.00 and $3 00 for UPS shipping in the continental United States,
TEST ANY SCANNER
Teal any scanner purchased (rom Communications Electronics'^ for 31 days before you decide to keep it. It for any reason you are rot completely satisfied, retuin it in original conditi-on with all p3rt$ in 31 days, for a prompt refund (less shipping/ handling charges and rebate credits).
MEWfRegency^i M400
List price S379,96/CE price $2S9.00 30 Chanrtei • Synthesized • Service Search Digital clock * Disit»l timer * MiDO styling Search/Store • Priariiy Channel • AC/OC
Frequency range: 30-50. 144-174, 440-512 MHz, The new Regency IVI400 is a compact programmable
FM monitor receiver for use at home oron the road,
OTHER REGENCY' SCANNERS
Touch K1 00 , .... $ 1 99.00
Touch Ml 00 « 199,00
NEW! Telephone Products
Electra's cordless freedom Phone does everything an ordinary phone does and more. Because it iscordJesSf you can take it anywhere, fnaide or outside—on the patio, by the pool, in the garage, in the workshop„.&ven next door at the neighbor's,'
Model FF»5O0 has pushbutton dialing. Rechargeable ni'cad batteries included. Battery low light. Secure feature, Telescopic antenna. Your cost is S1 79,00. Model FF-1500 has the same features as the FF'500 but also includes a charger/cradie that allows the phone's handset 10 be recharged away from the base station. Your cost for this cordless phone is Si 99.00. The model FF-30O0 has all the standard features {except charger/cradle} plus interchangeable telescop- ic and rubber ducky antenna. Redial feature. Belt Clip- Carrying case. Greater range. Your cost is S229.00.
World Scsnner Association"
The WORLD SCANNER ASSOCIATION is sponsored as a public serv^ce by Communtcatlons Electronicrsr When you join, you'll receive a one-year membership and our quarterly newsletter with scanner news and features. You'N also get a waltet C.D. card, an Officia] WSA Membership Certificate, and more. FREE clasai- f led ads for members so you can contact other scanner owners when you want to sell or buy a scanner. FREE membership in the WSA Buyer's Co-op, Your Co-op membership will allow you to get special discounts on scanners and scanner related products. SrncetheWSA Buyer's Co-op gives you group purchasing power, you can easily pay for your membership dues the first time you make a Co-op purchase. To join, send $12.00 t$20.0O outside U.S.A.) for your membership materials.
BUY WITH CONFIDENCE
To g&t th^ fastest d^ffvory from CE ol any scanner, s&nd
or phone your order direcliy to qui Scann gr Distribution Center!" Be sure to c^lcutate your price using the CE prices in this ad. Michigan residents please add 4% sales tax. Written purchase orders are accepted from approved govr ernment agencies and most well rated fkms at a 10% surch-arge for net 30 bLJIing. All sales are subject toavalit- biliry, AN sales on accessories are linaf. Prices, terms and specif rcat ions are subject to change without notice. Out of stoc k ite ms w i [1 be placed o n bac karder au tomatically u rriess CE is instructed differently Most products that we sell have a manufacturer's warranty. Fr$e copFes of warranttres on these products are availatale prior to purchase by writing to CE, lnternal^onal orders are invited with aS20.00 surcharge for special handling in addition to shipping charges. All shipments are F.O.B. Ann Arbor, Michigan. No COO's please Non-cedified and foreign checksreciu ire five weeks bank clearance.
Mall orders to: Communications Eiectronics"
Box 1002, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 U.S.A. Add S6.00 per scanner or phone product for IJ,P,S. ground shipping, of $12,00 for faster U.P.S. air shipping to some locations If you have a Master Charge or Visa card, you may call anytime and place a credit card order. Order toll free in the Li.S, A. 800-521-4414. If you are outside the U.S. or in IVIichigan, dial 313-994-4444. Dealer inquiries invited. All order lines at Communications Electronics'^ are staffed 24 hours.
WSAr Scanner Distribution Center" and CE logos are
trademarks of Communications Electronics!*
f Bearcat and freedom Phone are federally registered
trademarks of Electra Company, a Division ot Masco
Corporation of Indiana.
t Regericy is a federally registered trademark of Regency
Eiectronics Inc.
Copyright 1 980 Communications Electronics'"
TM
1^377
COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONICS™
854 PhQ9mj< Q Bex t002 G Ann Artor, Michigan 4fllOB U-S.A, Cil I TOLL- FRE E t ftOO) S2 1 44 1 4 qr out>ld« U, 5 . A. 1 31 3) »»4'4444
We're first with the bestT
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ELECTRONICS
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
P.O. Box 443aM Santa Clara, CA 95D54
Will calls: 2322 Walsh Ave.
(4o@) gaa~i64o
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5MHJ 4.J5
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1.0 WH; 3.90
30 MH; 3.90
32MHi 3.90
337&a Hj 4.gfl
1 S4J7 MMj 4 50
3:S7SSWHT i.M
SOIHlJyiHl 1.95
? OH7152 MUf 4 Sfl
2'.45'.'b mHi 4 iO
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^ 050$ MH^ 4 ^
&.105 MHr 4.60
5. 714 J MH J 4 50
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74C-923 5.50
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S.1Apa31£h Nil 21 3%
ll4lliSi CI^CL Jtlt 17^5.
DlikilAl Clfti nt 14 99i
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ltE5IST0H^ U ^S\['i'\ 'P UP IjiIH! 03 i ■ 35 [«M r^Ht 025 ion iicr Ivpii ns5 lOOOilE:! [>■» ai-2 : n^ pbx p^k 5 par lv[» e 7$
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l-iill^ iSfiEmibiM 77 M
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CDNTiNEHTKL SFEEIALriEB In ElDCk r^'iii u'l't'i; I If- 'i'l I' !n:ii^':i^i{l Itl.l mi|li? MAX- hM B digit Frsq. Ctr. I1EB.I5
QK WIRE WftAP TDDL^ le uatt Ptariabli HulllDitMr SIS-H
Ljmplsit hng a1 flf P'MucH ■•'1 sioet
SPECIAL pnaoueTS
Wlln 10 K 31H1C 9.00
sH^Dpara 7. 50
SwIKh!^ MLtii PushbullDIi 37
'! pPE. Jlid? 2b
En»riAr HOOIliS-'! i^ 95. farsirpn^s iSDA Lngtic:
MiiPtI 10 li>gL|iii
Fapgrviicr Kif S??9 Ofl
UQdQl IS^ li'ilS
Orabl)«' Kh tJEn DO
C:i49[A Calpndir ){il £23 SS
1.5 MiKi Fr«4uaii«V
{iDunbtr .<il 137.50
3B HHlE Frequfl'cv
CihuhterCia 147.75
TnANSFOflMrRS
12 Vfltl ■H>U ma ligrsfnrmiH 1 31i
i; fiv r.7 fino mh 4 a.
i^V 2U& -Tia *v3il nii^ 3.!tt
W D7 250 ma irall piiuQ J.^
54V tT 4(30 ■niM 3 95
10V I ? air:ri «^ll PH«a 4.S5
12^ 6 dIFli 17.95
1?V tiOQ iiy itiV^tifi 4 7^
I2v r amp wjN piufl e 50 1ft!SWCflflBVA-*all(Kufl.3;i
CA CC
(iftCA CC CA
CA-iX
CC CC
ee.'(i^
CGCA i.tlEirCf
OISPUY LESS
MAN:-
MAN3.
MAM7;-74
DLfO*
017D7..D1.7(J7R
■:■■?■ ?ZB .■:i^jr?5a
fND359 *N55im'507 fH05llJ5lS FNDaoa'BOJ 3««il BubCito 4 droll iubeito
C&g FbiJijristntia Q&l l> F"P<KUE,G*!T1
10 dipit (^.iol^ 75?[K;i««an phol&ttlls niJl I Hex
IMAIf3^D C:C
MAM46m CA
MAN4640 CC
MAhi4,nO CA
MAM474D CC
MAhlB^fO DC
wmTMy -CA
hMNE7J[) CC
MA1DII2E
HAT012A
1tl!<'3 bpn?1gnii|i
ilAi.015rt Trinihirmr
270 2 90 I3S ^y
am? 7 oc,i
3D0 ' 25
JDO I Oa
■SOU !.90
&3P I ?S
eao r (ft
357 70
i» I K
i^O 3.20 ,60
B-SR CDPlmJtsr S39.95
tMrcr!v:ui :iir'pu!:i LiliuftSlHStitUilillKJ S^sbK QmVUlEr {D-.^L4lc(! l4D^Qrpi- VMM ■tilUi »i inir 9SH: Sat|*4r! m 130? lim
PROM Eraser
asseoibl&d ? 5 PROM capacity S37.M [wm timer S69.5D). 6 PROM capacity OSHA,'' UL version- SGS.SQ (with timer iM.SO).
zao Microcomputer
IB bil \m. 2 m\2 cfocJ(. 2K RAM, ROM Bread- board space. Excellent for contrpi. Bare Board $2B.5a. Full Kit $99.00. Mooltor £20.00, Power Supply Kit S35JD. Tiny Oastc $311.00
S'100 Computer Boards
8K Static Gpdhout Econo IIA Kit 145.00
1 6K Static Godboor Econo XIV Kit 2B5.0Q 24K Static GodbDut EcortDVIIA-24 Kit 435.00
32K Static 6odt)oul Econo X-32 Kit 575.00
16K Dynamic RAM Kit 199.00
32K Dynamtc RAM Kit 310.Q0
64K Dynamic RAW Kit 470.00
Video Interface Kfl S135.00
60 IC Update Master Manual $55.00
Comp. iCdata selector. 2/00 pg. master reference guide. Over 51 .000 cross references. Free updates service flirough 1980. Domesttc posiaQe S3.50
Modem Kit $60.00
StatD ^)f the art. orig . answer. No tuning neces- sary, t03 compatible 300 baud, inexpensive acoustic coupler pla/is included
LRC 7000 + Printer S389. DO
40/20 column dot matrix mpad. std. paper. interface all peraofiaE computers.
64-'40.'^2,'£0 version S4D5.0D. Optfonai (tables available.
LRC 7000 printer intertace caMe for Super Elf with spftwar^ S2S.0Q
NiCad Battery Fixer/Charger Kit
opens shorted cells ihat won't hold a charge and then charges them up, alf m one kit w,1ull parts ar^d i nstruction s . $7.25
Rockwell AIM 65 Camputer
6502 based single board with lull ASCII keyboard and 30 column thennaf printer. 20 char, alphanu- meric display. ROM monitor, fully expandable. S375.M. 4K version $450.00 4K Assembler $55.00. SK Basse interpreter $100.00.
Special small power sufjpiy (or AIM65 a&sem. in frame SS4.0Q^ Ccimpf?te AIM65 in thio briefcase with power auppty $499.00. Molded plastic enclosure to fit i^oth AIM65 and power supply $47.50. SpeCLai PackagR Pnra: 4K AtM. 3K flasic. power supply cabinet S599.D0
AIM65.''KiM.'VIM,-SupBr EJf 44 pin expansion board, 3 femalu and i male bus. Board pius 3 connectors S22.95.
60 H;^ Crystal Time Base Kit $4.40
Converts digital ciocks from AC line frequency to crystal time base. Outstanding accuracy
Video Modulator Kit $0.95
Convert TV set mto a high quality monitor w/o affecting usage. Ctjmp. kit w^tull instruc
Multi-volt Computer Power Supply
8v Samp, ±l8v .Samp, 5v 1.5 amp, -5v .5 amp, 12v .5 amp, 12voptton -5v. ±l2v are regulated. Basic Kit SE9,95. Kit witJi chassis and all hardware $43.95. Add ^. 00 shipping Kit of hardware $14.00. Wood gram case $10.00. 31,50 shipping.
fi^^
-^^^^^^
lutrsspii
RCA Cosmac 1802 Super Elf Computer $106.95
ptus loail, resd. run, wait, input, memory pro-
Compare features before you deci(ie to buy any other computer. Ttvere is no other computer on the market to^tay that has all thp desirahie bene- i its of the Super £11 for so litli& money The Super Eff is a small single board computer that does many big ftiings. It is an excellent computer for training and for learning programming with its machine language and yet il is easily eipaniled with additional memory. Full Basic, ASCiJ Keyboards, vi^eo character gensr^tiDii, etc.
Bel ore you buy annttier smalt computer, see if ft includes the following tealyres. ROM monilor; Stale and Mode displays: Single step. Optional address displays Pov^erSupply; Audio Amplifier and SpeaJ(ef Fully socketed for all iC's; Rea.! cost ul in warranty repairs: Full documentation,
Ttie Supef Elf tn eludes a ROM monitor for pro- gram loading, editing and execution with SIMGLE STEP for program debuggini which is not in- cluded in ottrers at the same price. With SINGLE STEP you cam sb& the microproMSSor chip opera- ting with the unique Quest address and data bus displays before, during and after executing \n- structions, Also, CPU mode artd instruction cycle are decoded and displayed on 6 LED indicators.
An -RCA 1861 virteo graphics chip allows you to connect to your own TV with an inexpensive video modulator to do graphics and games The-re is a speaker system included for writing your ovvn music or using many music programs afresdy written. The speaker amplifier may also be used to drive relays for control purposes.
lect, mDititor select and single step. Large, on board displays pFovitfe output and oi^tionai high and iow address. There js a 44 pin standand connector slot for PC cards and a 50 pm connec- tor slot ior ttie Quest Super Expansion Board. Power supply and sockets for atl iC's are in- cluded in the price plus a detailed 127pg. instruc- tipn manual which now includes over 40 pgs. of software into, including a series of lESsqns to help get you started and a music program and graphics target game. Many schools and yntver- sitfces are using the Super Elf as a course of 5tudy. OEM's use it for training and R&O
Remember, other computers only offer Super Ett features al additional cost or not at all Compare before you buy. Super EH Kft $106.95, High address option SBJ5. Low address option $9.95. Custom Cabinet witti dniied and label I ^ plexiglass front panul $24.95. Ail metal Expan- sion Cabinet, painted and siik screened, with room for 5 S- 100 boards and power supply $57.IM]. NICad Battery Memory Savor Kit S6,95. All kits and options also completely assembled and tested.
Quesldata. a software pubhcatian for 1 802 com- puter users is available tjy subscription for $12.00 per 12 issues Single issues 51.50. Is- sue$ l-t? bound $16.50,
Tiny Basic Cassette $10,00. on ROM $3B. 00. (anginal Elf kit board $14.95. 1S02 software; Moews Video Graphics $3.50, Games and Music S3.W, Chip e. interpreter 55.50.
A 2^ key KEK heyboanJ includes IB HEX keys
Super Expansion Board with Cassette Interface $89.95
Thiis JS truly an astounding value! Ttus board has been designed to allow you to decide how you want It optinned. The Super Expansion Board; comes with 4K of low power RAM fully address- able anywhere in 64K with built-in memory pro- tect and a cassette imteriace Provisions have been made lor all other options on ihe same board and it fits neatly mto the hardwood cabinet alongside the Super Elf. The hoard includes Slots tor up to &K of EPROM {2708, 2756. 2716 or TI 2716) and is fully sackBletf. EPROM can be used f or th & monitor and Ti ny Basic o r oth er pu rposes .
A IK Super HOM Monitor $19.95 is available as an on board option in 270& EPROM which has been preprogrammed with a program Joader.' editoi and error checking mulfi hEe cassette re-ad,' write software, [relocatable cassette file) a n other exciusive from Quest. Itindtjdes register save and readout, block move capahility and video graphics driver with blinking cursor. Break
points can be used with the regaster save feature to isolate pfograrTi bugs quickEy, theo follow with siriQle step If you have the Super Eicpansien iflard and Super MiinittH the monitor is up ana running at the push of a button,
Otfter on board ophons include Parallel Input and Output F^rts with lull handshake They aHow easy connection ot an ASCII .keyboard to the input port RS 332 and 2Q ma Current Loop lor teletype or other device are on board and sf you need more memory there are two S-t BO slots for stahc RAM or video boards. Also a 1K Super Monitor version 2 with video driver for full capa- bility disptay Willi Tiny Basic and a video interface board Parailet I/O Ports $9.B5, RS 23? S4 SO, TTY 20 ma l/F $1.95, S-1Q0 $4,50, A 50 pin connector ^et with ribbon cable is available at $15.25 for ea.sy connection between the Super Elf and the Super Expansiidn ^oanl.
Power Supply Kit tor the complete system fsee
Muithvnlt Power Supply).
Announcing Quest Syper Basic— SECOND GENERATION
A new enhanced version of Super Basic now Enhancements include increased speed, bullt-
ava i i ab le . Ou est was the f i rst com pa ny wor Idwide to ship a lull sii!e Basic for 1602 Systems, A complete function Super Basic by Ron Cenker
including floating point capability wi-th sctentihc notation (number range ± . 1 7£-"f . 32 bit mteger 1 2 billion; multi dtm airays, string arrays; string manipulation; cassette I/O: save and load, basic. data and machine language programs: arfd over 75 statements, functions and operations.
in provisions tor Stringy Floppy, Floppy Disc, Printer Driver, l;0. user derinible command library and statement renumbering.
Easily adaptable to most 1B02 systems. Re- quires IBK RAM minimum for Basic and user programs. Source listing lor bott? Serial and Pa r^ I Id 1,'Q inctuded-
Stiper ftasic nn Cassette $4B.Dfi.
Gremlin Cotor Video Kit S69.95
32 X 16 aiphaiium erics and graphics, up to 6 colors with 6847 chip; IK RAM at EOOO. Plugs into Super Elf 44 pin bus No high res. graphics. On board RF Modulator Kit S4.95
1fl02 1EK [}yfiamit^ RAM Kit S149.D0
Expand ahle to 32K, Hidden refresh w/docks up to 4 MHz w,.'nD wait states. Addl 15K RAM t63.D0
Super Elf 44 pm expansion board; 3 female and i male bus. Board plus 3 connectors $£2.95 Tiny Basir Eitended on [Cassette $15.00
(added commands include Stringy, Array, Cas- sette 10 etc.)
S- 1 00 4 ■ S lot Expa ns^on $ 9. 95
Super hftcnttor VI. I Seurce Listing $15.00
Elf II Adapter Kit $24 J5
Plugs mto Eti II providing Super Elf 44 and 50 pin plus S-IOO bus expansion. (With Super Ex- pansion). High and i-ow address displays, state and mode LED's optionai ST 8. 00.
Super Colof 8^100 Video Kit $129^5
E)(pand3ble to 256 x 192 high resolution color graphics, 6847 with all display modes computer controlled. Memory mapped. IK RAM expanda- ble to 6K. S-lOObus 1802, 6080, 6085, ZSOetc Editor Assembler S25.00
(Requires minimum ot 4K for E/A plus user source)
1802 Titiy Sasic Sotirte listing $19,00
Super Monitor V2. 0^,1 Sotirce Listing $2D.O0
TERMS: $5.00 min. order U.S. Funits. Calif rtsid^ntsadd 6%tax.
$10.00 min, order BankAmerit^ard and Master Charge and COD. Sl.QO lnsitfani;e optional. Shipping charges will be addtd on charge cards.
FREE: Send for your copy of our NEW 1980 QUEST CATALOG, Include 48c' stamp.
f^ Reader Servfce—see pag& 22S
73 Magazine • December, 1980 197
(^«HZ
eIectroi)ic$
Toll Free Number 800^528-0180 (For orders only)
1900 MHz to 2500 MHz DOWN CONVERTER
ThJ5 receiver is lunab^e a range of 1900 io 2500 mc.anU is iritef\(Jed for amaleur radio use The local oscillator is vo!tage cootrolted {i.e) making the i-i range approximately *j4
to 88 rnc jChannels 2 !o T),
PC BOARD WITH DATA . ..- l ^
PCBOARDWITNCHfPCAPAC]TORS13 ■ $44.99
PC BOAf^D WITH ALL PARTS FOR ASSEMBLY $69.99
PC BOARD WITH ALL PARTS FDR ASSEMBLY PLUS 2N6W3 , - - - .$89.00
PC BOARD ASSEMBLED ANDTESTED .,..,.,, $99.99
PC BOARD WITH ALL PARTS FOR ASSEMBLY POWER SUPPLY AND ANTENNA ...,.,. .$159,99
POWER SUPPLY ASSEMBLED ANDTESTED -^ - ..$49,99
VAGI ANTENNA 4' LONG APPROX, 20 TO 23 08 GAIN - ^ S49.99
YAOI ANTENNA 4' WITH TYPE (N. BNC. SMA Connector) - ■ ■ ■ $64.99
2 FOOTDlSHWaH FEED AND MOUNT - -■ ■■ - %^2.92
2300 MHz DOWN CONVERTER
Includes converter mounted in antenna, power supply. Plus 90 DAY WARRANTY ^ . - r . , . .
OPTION #1 MRF902m front ^nd.{/dB noise figure) ■ - - ■ - - -■
OPTION $2 2N6603 in front end. (5 dB noise figure) . - ,,,..,
£300 MHz DOWN CONVERTER ONLY
10 dB Noise Figure 23 d B gam I n bo* wjth N conn, fnpul F conn. Qui put . -...
7 dB Noise Figure 23 dB gam in box wMh N conn. Inpul F conn. Oulput ........ ......
5 dS Noise Figure 23 dB gam In bo>( witn SMA conn Inpu! F conn Output .. ...
DATA IS INCLUDED WITH KITS OR MAY Bt PURCHASED SEPARATELY. .
Shipping @nd Handling Ct>st
Receiver Kits and Si. 50. Power Supply add $2.00. Antenna add 15.00. Option V2 add $3,00. F<>f .complete system add $750.
$259-99 $299.99 $359.99
$149.99
.S169.99 S189 99
S15.00
HOWARD/COLEMAN TVRO CmCUIT BOARDS
DUAL CONVERSION BOARD $25 00
Tt^is board provides conversion Irom the 3.?-4 2 band firsl 10 900 MHz where'gam and baf^dpassTiHering are provided and. second, to 70 MHz. The board contains both local oscillasors. one f u^ed and Ihe other variable, and Ihe second mixer. Construction is greatly sprnplitfed by the use of Hybrfd iC amplifiera tor ihe gam stages. Bare boards cost $25 and M iji estirnated that parts fof consUuction will cost $270. [Note: The hivo Avantet^ VTO's account for $225 oJ this cost.}
47 pF CHIP CAPACITORS *^ °^
For use with dual conversion board. Consists ot 6-47 pF.
7OMH1IFBOARD . "■ $25.00
This circuit provides about 43 d8 gam wiih 50 ohm input and outpul impedance, II is designed to drive the HOWARD/COLEMAN TVRO Demodulator. Theon-bosifd band pass filter can be tuned for bandwidihs between 20 and 35 MH? with a passband ripple of Jess than vj diB. Hybrid tCsare- used for 1 he gain stages. Bare boards cost $25. W is estirnaled Iha! par^s 'or construction will cost less than $40
.OVpF CHIP CAPACITORS ., v ^^ ^^
For use wiftt 70 MH/ IF Board. Consists of 7-. 01 pF.
DEMODULATOR BOARD ^^0.00
This circuit takes ttre 70 MH£ cenier frequency satellite TV signals in th-e 10 to 200 millivoU range, detects (hem using a phase locked loop, deemphasizes and filters the •result and ampHfres the resuM to produce standard NTSC n^ideo Other outputs include the audio subcarrler. a DC voltage proportional to (he strength of ttie 70 MHz signal, and AFC voltage centered at about 2 volts DC. The bare board cost $40 and lotal parts cosi less than $30. .
SINGLE AUDIO $15 00
This circuit recovers Ihe audio signals frohi the 6-3 MHz frequency The Miller 9051 coils are tuned to pass theS.B MHz subcarrier and the Miller 9052 coll tunes for recovery ot the audio
DUAL AUDIO ^^^ "°
DupS<cate of Ihe single audao but also covers tfie 6.2 range * t ftn
DCCONTROL ' S1500
This circuit controls the VTO's, AFC and the S Meter.
TERMS:
we REGRET WE NO LONGER ACCEPT BANK CARDS.
PLEASE SEND POSTAL MONEY ORDER. CERTIFIED CHECK, CASHIER'S CHECK OR MONEY ORDER. PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. WE CHARGE 15% FOR RESTOCKING ON ANY ORDER
ALL CHECKS AND MONEY ORDERS IN US FUNDS ONLY
ALL ORDERS SENT FIRST CLASS OR UPS.
i
ALL PARTS PRIME AND GUARANTEED.
WE WILL ACCEPT COD ORDERS FOR $25 00 OR OVER. ADD $2.50 FOR COP CHARGE.
PLEASE INCLUDE $2.50 MINIMUM FOR SHIPPING OR CALL FOP? CHARGES
WE ALSO ARE LOOKING FOR NEW AND USED TUBES. TEST EQUIPfVIENT. COMPONENETS ETC.
WE ALSO SWAP OR TRADE.
FOR CATALOG SEE JANUARY. 19B0. H Magazine. 10 Pages.
(602) 242-8916
21 1 1 W. Camelback Phoenix, Arizona 85015
198 73 Magazine • December, 1980
(?l^^
electror|ic$
FAIRCMILD VHF
95H90DC 95H91DC 11C90DG 11C91DC HCaSDC 11C70DC
ncsaoc
11C44DC/MC4044
11C24DC/MC4024
tlCOCDC
\ 1C05DC
11C01FC
AND UHF PRESCALER CHIFS
350 MH^ Pfescaler Divide by 10/11
350 MHz Prescaler Drvide by 5^6
650 MH2 Prescater Divide by 10/11
650 MHz Prescafer Divide by 5/6
1 GH7 Divide by 245/250 Pre&cafer
600 MH2 Flip/Flop with reset
ECL VCM
Phase Frequency Detector
Djal TTL VCM
UHF Prescalef 750 MHz D Type Flip/Flop
1 GHz Counter Divide by 4
High Speed Dual &4 input NO/NO^ Gate
t0,50
9 50
16.50
16.50
29,90
12,30
4.53
3.82
3.82
12.30
50.DO
15.40
TRW BROADBAND AMPLIFIER MODEL CA615B Frequency response 40 MHz to 300 MHz Gain; 300 MHz 16 dB Min,. 17.5 dB Max
50 MHz 010 ' 1 dB from 300 MHz Vol t age: 24 vo Its dc at 220 ma max. S 1 9-99
CARBIDE — CIRCUIT BOARD DRILL BITS FOR PC BOARDS
Size: 35, 42. 47. 49, 51, 52 $2 15
Size: 53, 54, 55, 5&, 57, 58, 63, 61 , 63, 64, 65 1 85
Si^e:66 1 90
Size: 1-25 mm, 1. 45 mm 2 00
Size: 3.20 mm 3-56
CRYSTAL FfLTERS: TYCO OOt 19880 same as 2194F
10 7 MHz Narrow Band Cry s la i Filter
3 dQ bandwidth 15 kHz rr^in 20 dB bandwidth 60 kHz min. 40 dB bandwidth 150
kHzmrn. Ultimate 50 dB: Insertion loss 1 ,0 bB max, Hippie 1 ,0 dB ma)^, Ct. 0 + / - 5 pf 36O0
ohms. $5. 95
MURATA CERAMIC FILTERS
Models: SFD-455D455kHz $3.00
SFB'455D455kHz 2.00
CFM-4S5E 455 kHz 7.96
SFE-10.7 10.7 MHz 5-96
TEST EQUIPMENT - HEWLETT PACKARD - TEKTRONIX — ETC. Hewlett Packard:
491C TWT Ampiitier 2 to 4 Gc 1 watt 30 dB gain t1 150,00
608C 10 rr\c to 480 mc 1 uV 1o.5V into 50 ohms Signai Generator 500.00
608O 10 to 420 mc .1 uV lo.5V into 50 ohms Signai Generator 50000
61 2 A 450 to 1230 mc .1 oV to .5V into 50 ohms Signai Generator 750.00
61 4A 900 to 2100 mc. Signal Generator 500.00
616A IS to 4.2 Gc Signai Generator 400 00
ei6B 1.8 to 4.2 Gc Signai Genefator 500 00
61 &A 3 6 to 7.2 Gc Signal Generator 400.00
61 8B 3 8 to 7.2 Gc Signai Generator 500.00
620 A 7 to 11 Gc Signai Generator 500.00
623Q Microwave Test Set 900.00
eaeA fO Gc to is Gc signal Genefstor 2500 00
695A 12.4 to 18 Gc Sweep Generator 900 00
AH tech:
473 225 to 400 mc AM/FM Signai Generator 750 00
Singer
MF5/VFI-4 Universal Spectrum Analyzer with 1 kHz to 27.5 mc Plug in 1200.00
Keltsk:
XR630-100 TWTAmpJifief8tol2 4Gc 100watts40dQgain 9200,00
Polirad:
203a2436/1102A
Calibrated Display with an SSB Analysis Module and a 10 to
40 mc Single Tone Synthesizer 1500.00
HAMLIN SOLID STATE RELAYS:
120 vac at 40 Amps, input Voitage 3 to 32vdc. 240 vac a( 40 Amps Input Voltages to 32 vdc.
YOUR CHOICE $4.99
RF TRANSISTORS
TYPE PflfCE
2N1561 $15.00
2N1562 1500
2N1692 15,00
2N1693 15,00
2M2632 45,00
2N2857JAN Z52
2M2e76 12.35
2N28eO 25.00
2^2927 7.00
2N2947 18.35
2N294a 15.50
2N2949 3.90
2N2950 5.00
2N3287 4.30
2N3294 1 15
2N3301 104
2N3302 105
2N3304 148
2N3307 12,60
2N3309 3.90
2N3375 9.32
2N3553 1.57
2N3755 7.20
2N381& 6.00
2N3e66 1.09
2N3866JAN 280
2N3a66JANTX 4,49
2N3924 3,34
2N3927 12-10
2N3950 26,86
2N4072 1,80
2N4135 2.00
2N4261 14.60
2N4427 1.20
2N4957 3-62
2N4958 2-92
2N4959 2-23
2N4976 19.00
2N5090 12.31
2N5106 403
2N5109 1.66
2N5160 3.49
2N5179 1.05
2N51Q4 2,00
2N5216 47-50
2N5583 4.55
2N5589 6.82
|
We can suppiy any |
|
|
value chjp capac- |
|
|
itors you may |
need |
|
PRICES |
|
|
1 to 10 |
1.49 |
|
11 50 |
1.29 |
|
51 ■ 100 |
,39 |
|
101 1.000 |
,69 |
|
1,001 up |
49 |
Toll Free Number 800-528-0180 {For orders only)
TYPE
2N5590
2N5591
2N5637
2N5641
2N5642
2M5643
2N6545
2N5764
2N5a42
2N5e49
2N5862
2N5913
2N5922
2N5942
2N5944
2N5945
2 N 6946
2N6080
2N6081
2N6082
2N60B3
2N60B4
2N6094
2Ne095
2N6096
2N6097
2N6136
2NG166
2N6439
2H6459^PT9795
2N6603
2M6604
A50-12
0FR9O
BLY568G
BLY568CF
CD3495
HEP76/S3014
HEPS3002
HEPS3003
HEPS3O05
HePS300e
HEPS3007
HEPS3010
HEPS5026
HP35e31B
HXTR5104
MM1500
PRICE $e 15 11.85 22 15
6,00 10,05 15-62 12.38 27.00
6-73 21.29 51.91
3.25 1000 46,00
8,92 12;38 14.69
7.74 10.05 11.30 13,23 14.66
7.15 11.77 20.77 29,54 20,15 38,60
45.77 18.00 12,00 12.00 25.00
5.00 25.00 2500 1500
4.&5 11.30 29.88
9,95 19.90 24.95 11.34
2.5«
50 00 32.20
CHIP CAPACITORS
Ipf 27pf
1.5pr 33pf
22pf 39pt
2,7pf 47pt
3,3pt 56 pf
39pt 6epf
4.7pf e2pf
5.6pt lOOpt
6.8pf llOpf
8-2pf I20pf
lOpf I30pf
12pf 150pt
15pf I60pf
18pf laopf
22pf 200pf
TYPE pfitce
M Ml 550 tlO.OO
M Ml 552 50.00
MM1553 56.50
MM1601 5.50
MM1602/2N5842 7.50
MM1607 8.65
MM1661 1S.0O
MM 1669 17.60
MM 1943 3.0O
MM2605 300
MM260e 5.00
MMSOOe 2.23
MMCM91B 20.00
MMT72 1.17
MMT74 1.17
MMT2a57 2.63
MRF245 33.30
MRF247 33.30
MRF304 43.45
MRF420 20.00
MnF450 11.85
MHF450A 11.es
MRF454 21.83
MRF4S8 2068
MRF502 1.08
MRF504 6.95
MRF509 490
MRF511 8.15
MRF901 3.00
MRF5177 21.62
MRfe004 1,60
PT4186B 3-00
PT4571A 1.50
PT4612 5.00
PT4a28 5.00
PT4640 5.00
PTB659 10-72
PT97&4 24.30
PT9790 41.70
SD1043 5,00
some 3,00
SD1118 5-00
soil 19 3.00
TRWMRA2023'1.5 42.50
40281 10.90
402B2 11.90
40290 2,48
220pf 240 pf 270pf 300 pf 330pf 360pf 390pf 430pf 470p 5l0p 560p 620p 6S0p 820p lOOOp
I200pl 1500pf IBOOpf 2200pf 2700pf 3300pf 3900pf 4700pf 5600pf 6800pf 8200pf OlOmt 012mf ,015mf .OlBmf
ATLAS CRYSTAL FILTERS FOR ATLAS HAM GEAR
5.52 2.7/8
5.595-27f8iU
5.595 500/4^CW
5 595 2 7LS8 YOUR CHOICE S24.95
5.595-2. 7USB
5.645-2.7/8
9 0USB/CW
t^ fleadef Service— ^bb page 226
73 Magazine * December, 1980 199
^— ♦ t^lfCtriinicji
The
Toll Free Number 800-528-01 80 (For orders only)
MRF454
S21,a3
MRF45g
$20,68
NPISI SILICON RF POWER TRANStSTORS
NPN SILICON RF POWER TRANSISTOR
. , , desigr^ed tor power amplif^ef applications in irtdusinaL com mafciai and amateur radio equipment to 30 MHz.
Specified } 23 Volt, 30 MHi Chir act eristics -
Output Power = 80 Watt* Minimum Gain = 12 dS Efficiencv = 50%
designed (oi powet aoiplitier applications irii commencat and afnaK'ur ladio pquipfneni to 30 WH/
indusiiial
SpecitiFd 12 5 Voft. 30 MH/ Characteristics -
Outpui Pcjwpi SOWdiis Miiitmum Gdin 1? dB EHicieiicv &0''ii
Capable of WrthiUPHliriq 30 1 Ltiad VSWR (nJ RjimI Ptnir ^'ntl VcC
MRF472
$2,50
NPN SILJCON RF POWER TRANSISTOR
. de&igr^ed prirnanly for use in Targe signal ok,;tpuT ^mpirfier stages Intended for use m Citizen 3 and communicattons equipmeni operating n 27 MHz. High breakdown voMages M\Q^ a high percent iige of up- modulation m AM cifcufti.
• Specified 12.5 V. 27 MHz Chaiacteriitics - Powci Output - 4.0 Wat is Power G^m - 10 dB Mimmum Efficiencv ~ 65% Typical
MRF475
$5*00
NPN SILICON RF POWER TRANSISTOR
designed prrmanly for use m smgte sideband linear Amplifier output applicauor^s in citizens band and other communications equipmem operatinig to 30 MHz.
• Characierifed for Single Sideband and Large Signal Amplifier
Applications Utili/mg Low-Level Modulation.
• Specified 13 6 V. 30 MH? CharBCteristtcs -
Output Power - 12 W (PEP! MinifTiiim EHiciBncy 40% (SSB) Outpui Pow«F 4.0 W (CW) Minimum Efficiency ^ 50% ICW) Minimum Power Gam = 10 dB fPEP fii CW)
• Common Collettor Characterisation
MHW710
- 2
$A6.45 4A0 to A70HC UHF POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE
. designed tof 12 5 volt UHF powei amplifier ^pplicalioo^ m industrial and commercial FM equipmeni oper^tirig from 400 lo512MHr,
• Specitipd 12 5 Volt, UHF Characieriiiic^
Output Power 13 Watt^ Minimum Gam 1 3 4 dQ Harmonics 40 dS
• 50 i 2 lnpiuit/Ouu>ut Impedance
• Guaranteed Stability and Rugyednpss
• Gam Control Pin for Mantj^l of Automatic Output Level Conirol
• Thin Film Hybrid Conviruction Gives Coriiisienr Per fotmante
and Rphabihty
Tektronix Test Equipment
DkfcAl Ut
lilArtwwl Qm>. T[-.l^« ('I til. ir.
^a^lutf Utrt mt* ^iOt^ livrti^v K 1* I9*i/
5lf«1 Tr*™ ^mm-'^'^-^- ^*^ '■' T'Ht; Huf In £]u1 Tracv S.K^ mi P1h« im
^A<?1li*9 Satec ttitq \ir
^tff^ttwa fir^i^ier \ ijo 19Vi flwg tl
^Hn4i fin/^ It'
didrbsn6. •^igfi C*iit fitig |n
•' '■4T»} tlig.h CkAtn PliUB ]n
Trj£p Plug 3n
m^n fijiTfi DC Difrtfnwfial Plk»^ tfl
w 1.- 1 Dt l^liTfcrtTititl flslffl Iti r Higii (itin J'i«q lit
'iH'Mi^i'e Wdve Generator A to ll**i r'tiviiiitiiififp jhe ta 40icnr AC C«up3«l Prsampl 1fi(*r
■> 'ii.
mm
m
tJi
IM 4irj
46!lr W1
Ml •i4l
Lurrinnt Probif itoipl If ler
Uraijiraifl: Contrul Unit 'riijgi^r CCHiHtdOwrt Unit Pjjrt*bl<> Ouil Tr#Cf WHH^ SLOpe PciflJLle l>ud1 TrACf jDCVtt; \Cflpf DC tu i^tm\l Scope Fl^ck HoHnt K ta ib^Z ^Qp« nich tfouitt DC to 3^ nil/ ScQpr DC ta lOmj Scflpfl RflCb NDunt £C ta lOnti SC43IMI Hjck Itownt
120- oa
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Id
TSO.Oi
no.oo
)tlM)i,4ll
fcti tltj &b.l>0 ./S IMJ
441. Dti 6M1CI
363, M
?fi.LUO ISO. OS
|
Scopes |
with |
Plug- ins |
|||
|
Ut4 |
^•.A ■^.'.■^^ |
■i4«i |
• X-j'' |
||
|
**: |
«Wl»iif *l0% In |
A^tfl |
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iAk ac t» |
IIM&l Jkk^: |
^*-« - |
. 1 ^:v ■ 1 < k A .'^h |
*i- " ■ W. 1 |
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|
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In'* |
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Mi at is |
aflP*^J -^«i|H>- |
• k1>> |
« «J Ekt*i Wtfti* |
Miifh ^t> flwg ff |
|
|
Tubes |
|||||
|
<Ut^ |
1 'j.Ul |
■ ' ; |
i ■ |
tiAm |
|
|
'-< '.iK]- |
im- !» |
c |
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'jf.MKi |
(.J&H |
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i-fai»A |
^' iJO |
41. OU |
^mf |
||
|
*- \Ihti |
^=:- 'lO |
: ' . . . |
*i£.r»f] |
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|
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4^^isOA |
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4AJ^[^ |
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?ihn |
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fl.M |
•tr^ifc^JfA^ |
n.m |
7^Hi |
|
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<-]Qn[lfl |
T«* . M |
tiirfi |
^.m |
mj'/ |
|
|
ij^^OA |
I4b.™ |
MiK' |
^.m |
mmi |
|
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'Allll^^EI |
(.1. lift |
tUSA |
]2My |
«3^6 |
|
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KtiMf/Q |
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?^.m |
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|
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|
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flfli"^ii)lt |
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dittp |
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tki46Eim;'WA |
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10. 4n i?,H.iiii
200 7J Magazine ♦ December, 1980
MICROWAVE COMPONENTS
COMPUTER I.C. SPECIALS
ARRA
|
2416 3614-60 KU52QA 4684-20: 6684-2QF |
VarTable Attenuator Vsriabte Attenuator Variable AUenuator Variable Attenuator Variable Attenuator |
0 u 0 0 |
to tc to to |
60dB i 26,5 leodB |
|
General ^/ |
icrowave |
GHi
Directional Coupler 2 to 4GHj 2 MS Type H
Hewlett Packard
H4S7B H4e7fl A77a
X4e?B
J 4 68 A 4 78 A
0382 X382A
394A
NK292A
K4^2A
a436A
a439A 8471A
H53^A G532A
J532A
909A
IGO ohffls Neg. Ttiennistor Mount (MEW)
100 ohms Neg Thermistor Mount (USED)
200 ohms Ht^ Thenm'&tor Mount (USED J
lOD olwis ^eg, Thermistor Mount (USEDj
IDO ohms rieg.Thermi5t&r Mount (USED)
LOO ohms Neg Thermistor Mourt (USED) 200 ohms Neg Thermistor Mount (USED)
5. 85 to e,2 mz Variable Attenuator 0 to &0d6 B.2 to 12.4 GHi Variable Attenuator G to SOdB
I to 2 GHi Variable Attenuator 6 to l,20d6
yaveguide Mapter
la to 26.5 GHi Crystal Detector
Bandpass Filter 8 to 12.'] GHz
2 9ii Notch Filter
RF Detector
7.05 to 10 &Hz Frequency Meter 3.95 to 5.85 GH2 Frequenty Meter 5.85 to 8.2 GHz Frequency Meter
Carriige with a 444 A Slotted Line Ifntuned. Detector Probe and S09B Coaxial Slotted Section 2.6 to 18 GHz
Merrimac
AU-25A/ ALI-Z6A/
901115 Variatjle Attenuator BUIWI Variable Attenuator
Microlab/FXR
|
X63SS 601-Bie yfiioD |
Horn fi.2 - 12.4 GHz X to Pt Adapter B.2 - Coupler |
12 A GHz
Nardd
4anC'ia/
4014-10/
4014C-6/
4015C-10/
40150-30/
3044-20
3040-20
3043-20/ 3003-10/ 3003-30/
3043-30/
22574
3033
3032
784/
22377
720-5
3503
PRD
UlOl
XlOl
ClOl
20SA/367
1358
leSBSJ
196C
170fi
seeA
140A.C»D,£ 109J J WtlNSCHR ENG.
J2S40A Directional Coupler 2i to 4 GH^ iOdb Type SMA
22538 Directional Coupler 3,S5 to 8 Q^z lOdB Type SMA 22S76 Directional Coupler 3.a5 to 8 GHi 6dfl Type SMA
22539 Directional Coupler 7.4 to 12 GHz lOdB Type SMA 23105 Oi recti ona) Coupler 7 to 12,4 GHz 30dB Type SMA Directional Coupler 4 to 3 mz 20dB Typo fi Direci tonal Coupler 240 to 500 MC 30dB Type N
22006 Directional Coupler 1 , 7 to 220 U Directional Coupler 2 to 4 22012 Directional Coupler 2 to 4
4 GHj 2Od0 Type mi lOdB Type N mi 30de Type n
H
|
MEMORY |
DESCRIPTION |
|||||
|
S 50 |
DO |
|||||
|
75 |
00 |
270B |
IK K |
S EPROM |
||
|
100 |
00 |
2716/2516 |
2¥. X |
a EPROM I |
jVolt Single |
Supply |
|
100 |
00 |
2114/9U4 |
U ^ |
4 Static |
RAM 450fis |
|
|
100 |
00 |
2114L2 |
IK « |
4 Static |
ftAM 25Dns |
|
|
2U4L3 |
IK X |
4 Static |
RAM 3 sons |
|||
|
fl027 |
4K s |
1 Dynamic ft AM |
||||
|
4060/2107 |
4K X |
1 Dyn^m^it |
; RAM |
|||
|
75. |
00 |
4050/90-50 |
4K ;( |
1 Dynamif |
: RAM |
|
|
21llfi-2/eill |
^56 ] |
( 4 Static |
: RAM |
|||
|
2112A-2 |
^S& ) |
t 4 Static |
: RAM |
|||
|
21t5AL-2 |
IK X |
1 Static |
RAM 55na |
|||
|
6104-3/^104 |
4K X |
1 Static |
RAM 32Dns |
|||
|
150 100 |
.00 .00 ,■ .1 |
7]4l-2 |
4K X |
1 Static |
RAM 200ns |
|
|
MCM6641L20 |
4K X |
2.Stitic |
RAM 2D0ns |
|||
|
9131 |
IK X |
1 Static |
RAM 300nB |
lUO.OD 125.00
150.00 150.00
250.00 250.00
250-00
65.00
250.00'
75.00
75.00 50,00
300.00 300.00 300.00
175.00
100,00 100,00
60.00 35.00 75.00
22007 Directional Coupler 1.7 to 3.5 GH; 30dB Type H
Directional Coupler 2 to 4 GK^ lOdH Type N
Coaxial Hybriff 2 to 4 GH2 3dB Type H
Coax f 31 Hybrid 950 to 2 GHz 3 dB Type N
223&0 Variable Attenuator ] to 90de 2 to 2,5
Wavegijide to Type H Adapter
Fixed Attenuator &.2 to 14,4 ZHz & dB
waveguide
90,00 90,00 90.00 95.00 95.00 125.00 125.00
125,00 75.00 75,00
125. OO
125,00
125.00
125.00
GHz Type SMA 550,00
35.00
50.00
25.00
12.4 to 18 GHz VariabVe Attenuator 0 to 60dB
8.2 to 12.4 GHz Variable Attenuator 0 to 60dB
Variable Attenuator 0 to 50dB
Slotted Line with Type N Adapter
.e.2 to 12.4 mz Variable Attenuator 0 to 50dB
7,05 to 10 GHz Variable Attenuator 0 to 40dB
8.2 to 12.4 mi Variable Attenuator 0 to 45dB
3.95 to 5,a5 mi Variable Attenuator 0 to 45da
Frei^uency Meter 5,3 to 6.7 GHz
Fixed Attenuators
Fijced AttenLjator^
?692 Variable Attenuator +30 to 60dB
300.00
200.00 200.00 100,00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100,00
100-00 25. 00 25.00
C.RU/s EOT
MC680DL
MCM6aiOAP
rtCM6&AlOP
MCM6eS10P
WC6620P
MceeaoL
«C6e21P
MC6eB2lP
MCM6S30L7
HC6a40P
MC68a5P
MC684 5L
f**C6850L
MC6B52P
MC6852L
MC6854P
MC6B60CJCS
MC6862L
MK3850JJ-3
MK3&52P
MK3852N
MK3B54N
3006- 1
SOBOA
Z30CPU
6620
6530
2650
TMSIOODNL
TMS4024.*^C
TMS6011KC
MC144U
AY5-4007D
AY5-9200
AY5-910O
AY5-23?6
AY3-8SD0
TRL402A
PR1472B
PT1482B
&257
B251
8226
d212
MC14410CP
MCi4412
MC1440&
MCI 4409
HCUaSL
MCI 4691
MC1405L
MC1406L
MC1408/6/7/S
MC1330P
MCJ349/50
MC1733L
LM565
MicrDprDcessor
S 8 B
Static Static Static
RAM 450ns RAM 360ns HAM 25Dn?i
128
123
128
PIA
PEA
P3A
PIA
M.i kbug
PTM
CRT Controller
CRT Controller
ACIA
SSOA
SSDA
AOLC
0-600 BP5 Modem
2400 aPS Modem
F8 Microprocessor
FB Memiory Interface
FS Memory Enteffate
F8 Direct Memory Access
Microprocessor
Microprocessor
Mitroprocfji^iiOr
PIA
Support For 65O0. series
Microprocessor
Four &it MicroprocesfiOr
9 )i 64 Digital Storage Buffer
UART
Bit -Rate Generator
Four Digit Counter/Oisplay Oriver$
Repertory Dialler
Push Button telephone Diellers
Keyboard Encoder
TV Game Chip
UART
UART
UART
DMA COrttroller
Communication Interface
System Controller & Bus Driver
a Bit fnput/Output Port
2 of fi Tone Encoder
Low Speed ModeiTi
Binary to Phone Pul$e Converter
Binary to Phone Pulse Converter
RS232 Oriver
RS232 Receiver
A/0 Converter Subsystem
6 Bit D/A Converter
8 Bit D/A Converter
Low Level Video Detector
Video IF Amplifier
LW7 33 OP Amplifier
Phase Lock Loop
FIFO)
m*^
Toll Free Number
PRICE
S 7.99
20,00
6.99
8.99
7. 3. 3. 3. 3.
99 99 99 99 99
3,99
4.99 14.99 14.9^ 14,99 10,99
13,80 3,99 4.99
fi.99 9.99
$,99 9.99 14,99 8.99 29.50 33, {10 lp.99
5.99 1K99
22.00 29.0D 14.99 9,99 16-99
9, 9.
99 99
4.99
8.99
14.99
7.99
15.99
10.99
9.99
9.99
9.99
11,99
S.99 9.99 7.99 19,99 5.99 9.99 9.99 9.99
9.99 9.99 5.00 5-00 9:99 14,99 12,99 12.99 1.., 00 1.D0 9.00 7.50 4.50 1.50 1,17 2.40 2.50
electroqic^
800-528-01 80
(For orders only) (602) 242-8916
2111W.Camelback Phoenix, Arizona 85015
73 Magazine • December, 1980 201
KIM
SATELLITE RECEIVER SYSTEM
The entertainment opportunity of a lifetime!
Look what kLM>s SKY EYE 1 of f ers : Near 1 y 100 channles of the latest movies* sports, news* comedy, classic films, specials, religious programs and much snore *.... al 1 in clear, sharp studio quality picture and sound. Forget about "fringe" or no-reception areas, ghosts, fading, imaging and all the other problems of TV reception. KLM.s SKI EYE 1 is your direct link to the 11 TV satellites now orbiting above the U.S. You, 11 experience great shows and the greatest picture quality you,ve ever seen,
KLHtS SKY EYE 1 is a compl ete system* featuring performance-proven "state of the art" electronics design and materials. All you need is a modest amount of space for the special parabolic antenna(it^s screened surface blends with the landscaping to become a discrete addition to your yard), Inside your home ^a 11 those channels are accessible through the compact SKY EYE 1 Control Center.
With KLH.s SKY EYE 1 your TV becomes a true enterainment center, bringing you an amazing variety of great shows-something to please every member of your family.
KLH,s SKY EYE 1 SYSTEM Control Center
* CONTINUOUS CHANNEL TUNING
* CONTINUOUS AUDIO TUNING 5.8 TO 7.4 MHZ
* POLARITY COKTROL CAPACITY , MOMENTARY AND LIMIT MODELS
* SEPARATE REGULATED POWER SUPPLIES FOR LNA AND RECEIVER
* STANDARD RG-59 COAX TO RECEIVER UNIT
Recei ver Unit
* SINGLE CONVERSION IMAGE REJECTION MIXER{greater linearity and video reponse than any PLL)
* BUILT IN DC BLOCK
* MODULAR CONSTRUCTION
* WEATHER-PROOF ENCLOSURE
CONTROL CENTER and RECEIVER UNIT
Antenna: KIM Parabolic Dish
* SCREENED FOR LIGHT WEIGHT AND LOW WIKDLOAD
* EASY AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION CHANGES
* MODEST BASEMOUNT REQUIREMENTS
* HIGH GAIN LNA (AVANTEK)
* MOTOR DRIVEN POLARITY CHANGES
* 12 FOOT OR 16 FOOT PARABOLIC DISHES
12 Foot $3000.00
16 Foot $3500.00
$1500.00
$ 800,00
202 73 Magazine • December, 1980
TEST EquiPMEKT SPECIALS
HEWLETT PACKARD
18QA Oscilloscope with a 1801A Dual Channel Vertical Amplifier Plug-in SOHHz and with a 1821A Time Sase and Delay Generator Plug-in*
$1250.00 180A Osci 1 loscope with a 1802A Dual Channel Vertical Amplifier Plug-in lOOMHz and with a iB'iZfk Time Base and Delay Generator Plug-in, $1350.00
181A Cscil loscope with a 1803A Differential DC Offset Amplifier plug-in
and with a 182SA Time Base and Delay Generator Plug-in. $1950.00
181A Oscinoscope with a 1807A Dual Channel Vertical Amplifier Plug-in
35MHz and with a 1822A Time Base and Delay Generator Plug-in. $1550.00
(Ue will be glad to mix the above systecns any way you would like them.)
183A Oscilloscope with a 1831A Direct Access Vertical Amplifier Plug-in
600MHz and with a 1840A Time Base and a 1841A Time Base and Delay
Generator Plug-in. $2500,00
140A Oscilloscope with a 140IA Dual Channel Vertical Amplifier Plug-in
and with a 1420A Time Base Plug-in, $ 799.00
14 lA Osci 1 Vo scope with a 14 02 A Dual Channel Vertical Amplifier Plug- in
20KHZ and a 1421A Time Base and Delay Generator Plug-in« $1690*00
I40A Oscilloscope with a 1410A Dual Trace Sampling Plug-in DC to IGHz
and with a 1425A Sampling Time Base. (Built in probes*} $2200,00
I41A Oscilloscope with a I411A Dual Trace Sampling Plug-in DC to 12.4
GH2, and with a 1424A Sampling Time Base. $2000*00
14QA Oscil loscope with a HllA Dual Trace Sampling Plug-in DC to 12.4
GHz. and with a 1424A Sampling Time Base. $1500,00
1430A Feed Thru Sampling Head DC to 12.4GKz, 28picosecond risetime, $1250,00 *******************************************************************************
302A Wave Analyzer High selectivity and sensitivity with frequency resolution of lOHz, 20H2 to 50KHZ range +-11I, 30mv to 300v full scale range. Built in AFC. ?5dB dynamic range* $ 975.00
31QA yave Analyzer This unit is a high frequency wave analyzer. A narrow band selective voltmeter. Its selectivity allows analysis of closely spaced fund- amental s i gnal s , harmoni cs I and i ntermodul ation products. Frequency range: IKH2 to 1.5MHz, (3000 Hz bandwidth). Frequency Accuracy: +- ( 1%+300H2, }Selecti vity : 3IF bandwidths 200Hz,1000Hz and 3000Hz, Voltage range: lOuv to lOOv full scale. Dynamic range: 75dB $1050,00
$330,00
431B Power Meter Measures RF Power lOuw to lOmw. IOMH2 to 40GHz. with 478A Mount and cable.
431C Power Meter Measures RF Power lOuw to lOmw. IOMH2 to 40GHz, with 478A Mount and cable.
$580.00
73 Magazine • December, 1980 203
TEST EquiPHEKT SPECIALS HEWLETT PACKARD
S05A Slotted Line 500HC to 4GHz , 1.04 residual SIpIR. $ 250.00
809B Carriage l^ttti 806B Coaxial Slotted 5ection(.3 to 12GHi) a X810B Slotted Section(8.2 to 12,46Hz) a HBiOB Slotted Section (7.05 to iOGHz) a X281A X to N adapter a H281A H to N adapter a HX2928 H to X adapter a 444A PrQbe(2.6 to 18GHz) a PRD250 Probe (2.4 to 12.4GHz) J 650.00
34QA Hoise Figure Meter Automatically Measures and Displays If and RF Amplifier Koise At 30 or 60MHz, Bandwith of IHHz. $ 200.00
340B Koise Figure Heter Automatically Measures and Displays IF and RF Amplifier Noise at 30 or 60HHz. Bandwidth of IMHz, input requirements -60 to -10 dBm, $ 350.00
AIL
74A Automatic Noise Figure Meter with a type 70 Diode Noise Generator
10 to 250HHZ a type 71 Power Supply a 07049 Noise Generator 3,95 to
5.85GHz a 07010 Noise Generator .20 to 2.6 GHz a 0752 Noise Generator,
$ 650.00 *****************************************************************************
TEKTRONIX
661 90PicQsecond Risetime Sampling OsciHoSGope with a 4S1 350Picosecond Dual Trace Sampling Plug-In DC to 1GH2*,4S2 90PicosecQnd Dual Trace Plug- In DC to 3.5GHz. p 4S3 350P1cosecond Dual Trace Plug-In DC to lGHz.{an above Plug-In, s are 2fnv/cfn to 20Dmv/cm. and with a 5TI Plug-In Sampling System Timing , ins/cm to lOOus/ctn* (useful! beyond 5GHz.) $1000,00
SPECTRUM ANALYZER PLUG-IH,s
1L5 50Hz to IMHz , Center Frequency 50Hz to 990KHr, Dispersion *10Hz/cm
to lOOKHz/cm I Deflection Factor lOuv/cm to 2v/cm. $1000.00
ILIO IMHz to 36HH2 , Bandwidth resolution of lOHz to IKHz.Cal ibrated Dispersion from lOHz to 2KHz , Sensitivity of -lOOdBm. $ 900*00
1L30 925MH2 to 10.5GHz , Bandwidth resolution of IKHz to lOOKHz, Dispersion of IKHz to lOMHz/cm , Sensitivity of -75dBni to -IQSdBm. $1100.00
IL40 1.5GHz to 40GHz, about same specifications as above. $1500.00
3L10 IMHZ to 36MH2 same as ILIO But For 560,561 Mainframe Oscilloscopes.
SIODO.OO
*««#**««* ^ * ^ *«*«* A^ 1» ************ 4* ikr ***************** *-4t *****«**#«### it -it *# + -A^ «^ 4- « 4^ «^#
HEWLETT PACKARD
852A with a 8551B Spectrum Analyzer a Highly Versatile Instrument that
Covers 10. IMHz to 40GHz. Sensitivity of up to -lOOdBm. Ten Calibrated
Spectrum widths from lOOKHz to 2GHz. Large 7 and 10cm Display.
The e52A is a Storage Display, $2000*00
With The 851A Display (NOT STORAGE) $1500.00
With The B51B Display (NOT STORAGE BUT NEWER) $1800,00
WE ARE LOOKING FOR HEWLETT PACKARD MODELS S553B Ect.FOR THE HIS or T
204 73 Magazine • December, 1960
TYPE
UG-273
UG-146/U
UG-83a/iJ
NG-318/y
S74
UG-394h/u
UG-355/U
UG-£le/u
UG-58a/u or UG-58b/y
SO-239
UG-1094a/u or UG-625b/u
UG-290a/u or UG-185/u
P L - 2 5 9
UG-175 or UG-176
UG-S8/U or UG-260/U
S0'239BM
UG-57b/u
UG-27d/u
UG-274a/u
UG~636a/u
UG-564/u
UG-635/U
UG-565a/u
UG~201a/u
UG-306/U
M-3 58
UG-49ib/u
UG-914/U
PE9090
PE9089
PE9088
PE9087
PE9086
PE9085
PE9084, 9083, 9082
PE9081
PE9080
PE9079
PE9078
PE9077
PE907 6
PE9075
PE9074
PE9073
PE9072
PE9071
PE9O70
Tektronix 011-0049-01
FXR AH-A92
FXR AH-A93
FXR AH-A94
R F CONNECTORS COAX
DESCRIPTIOM
Female 8KC to PL-259
SO-239 to N Male
N Female to PL-259
PL-259 to N Male
N Female to General Radio
BNC Male to N Female
BNC Male to 50-239
N Cable Connector Male
N Female Pannel
UHF Female Pannel
BNC Female Bui khead
BNC Female
UHF Cable Connector
Adapter for RG58 or RG59 Cable For PL-259
BNC Male 50 or 75 ohm
SO-239 to PL-259 Quick Disconnect
N Male to Male
N 90^ Male to Female
BNC T Male Female Male
BNC Female to "C" Male
'X" Female to N Male
BHC Male to "C" Female
N Female to "C^" Male
BNC Female to N Male
BHC 90^ Male to Female
UHF T Female Male Female
BNC Male to Male
BNC Female to Female
TNC Female to H Male
TNC Male to N Female
TNC Female to TNC Female
TNC 90O Male to Female
TNC Male to Male
TNC Female to Female
TNC Panel and Bulkhead
BNC Male to F Female
BNC Male to TNC Female
N Female to SMA Female Panel
BNC Female to SMA Female Panel
^'C" Female to SMC Female Bulkhead
SMA Hale for .141 semi-ridg
SMA Hale for .085 semi-ridg
SMA Flange Female
SMA Flange Male
SMA Female Short
SMA Male 50 ohm load
SMA Female to Female
50 ohm 2 watt term. BNC Female to Male
O.BdB SMA Male Female Att.
l.OdB SMA Male Female Att.
l,5dB SMA Male Female Att.
|
PRICE |
EACH |
|
$ 3. |
.00 |
|
10. |
00 |
|
10. |
00 |
|
10. |
.GG |
|
15. |
.00 |
|
10. |
.00 |
|
5. |
00 |
|
4. |
00 |
|
4. |
50 |
|
1. |
.00 |
|
1. |
35 |
|
2. |
50 |
|
1. |
.00 |
|
50 |
|
|
1. |
50 |
|
3. |
00 |
|
4. |
50 |
|
6, |
50 |
|
5, |
.00 |
|
10. |
,00 |
|
10. |
00 |
|
10. |
00 |
|
10, |
.00 |
|
5. |
00 |
|
3, |
00 |
|
3. |
25 |
|
5, |
00 |
|
3. |
00 |
|
10. |
.00 |
|
10. |
DO |
|
12. |
00 |
|
20. |
00 |
|
12. |
.00 |
|
20. |
.00 |
|
3. |
00 |
|
5. |
00 |
|
10. |
.00 |
|
30. |
.00 |
|
30. |
00 |
|
30 |
.00 |
|
3, |
.00 |
|
3. |
.00 |
|
5, |
.00 |
|
5. |
00 |
|
7. |
50 |
|
10. |
.00 |
|
10, |
00 |
|
15. |
00 |
|
15, |
00 |
|
15. |
00 |
|
15. |
00 |
■ttiF
COAX CABLE SPECIAL SALE
Microdot RG-174
miniature 50 ohm coax cable for small jobs. This cable was made to meet
EHilitar^ spec.(PRICE PER FOOT)
1 to 25 foot .15 * / 26 to 50 foot .12 t / 51 to 100 foot *11 t t 101 up .10 i
Microdot RG-402U
,141 miniature 50 ohm hard line / semi-ridg coax for use with SMA/SMC ect,
miniature coax connectors* This cable is very low loss and is used for
High Frequency projects. (PRICE PER FOOT)
1 to 10 foot $5.00 / 11 to 25 foot $4.00 / 26 to 50 foot $3.00 /
Microdot RG-4Q2U with two Male SMA Connectors Assembled. Aprox. 10 to 16 '^~"I
Microdot RG-4Q2U with two Male N Connectors Assembled, Aprox. 10 to 20".
$ 5.00
$15.00
73 Magazine • December, 1980 205
KC/KHZ
15.75
24
Z6,25
32
49.71
70
aK9
96
100 (note)
114. 1666
153.6
250
285.714
327-82
576
600
980
998,4
MC/HirZ
I
1.024
1.05145
1.06515S
1.077368
1.092105
1,125263
1,136316
1, 165789 1,197368 1.3
1.3065 1.6896 1.6S25 1,7
1.76375 1,77125 1.773125 1,78675 1.81875 1. 84 51 25 1,346625 1.84575 1.846 1.84825 1.84975 1.8575 1.908125 1,925 1.925125 1.927 1.93Z 1.982 1.985 1,9942 1,995975 1.9647 5 1.999659 2.
2.0285 2,05975 2.078 2.082 2,125 2.126175 2.12795 2- 1315
2, 133275 2, 13505 2.1425 2.144625 2.14675
nz/mz
2.14B875
2-151
2,153125
2.15375
2.15525
2.157375
2,1595
2,16375
2.165875
2. 170125
2,17225
2.1765
2,17925
2.18475
2.18575
2.194125
2.198
2.207063
2.208313
2,209563
2.21812
2,210813
2.212063
2,214562
2.214563
2.215625
2.217938
2.21975
2-222125
2,22325
2,22675
2,23725
2,2395
2,24075
2.241
2-246
2.2475
2,264
2.2925
2,2975
2.3
2.32
2.326
2.32625
2.3525
2,35256
2,368
2.374
2.375
2.38725
2.394
2,395
2.396875
2.42
2.4375
2.44275
2.4495
2-45
2,482
2.486
2,5
2.51375
2.581
2.604
2.618
2.6245
2.62825
2.633125
2.63575
2,639
2.64325
2.647
HC/HHZ
2,65075
2.6545
2.65825
2,66
2.662
2.66575
2.6695
2,677
2.68075
2.681
2.6845
2.6882 5
2.69575
2.702
2 . 7 04
2.71075
2.715
2-7 J6
2.723
2.73
2.7315
2.73225
2,732625
2.733
2.737
2,73975
2.742125
2.7425
2.744
2.7445
2,74 4 7$
2.746875
2.751
2.754
2.75525
2.7 6237 5
2.7735
2.776625
2,78
2,814
2.817
2,8225
2,835
2.85
2.854
2.854285
2,865
2.868
2,8725
2,876875
2.887
2,889
2.894
2.92545
2,931
2,94375
2,945
2,94675
2.952
2.966
2,97125
2,973
2,96
2-981
2,98325
2.987
3,
3.0Q1
3,0235
3.049
3,053
3.062
CRYSTALS
p. 99
MC/MH2
3.067
3.074
3, 1
3.1125
3, 126
3,137
3.13975
3, 1435
3, 144
3,145
3.1545
3 , 1 58
3.1585
3,1615
3.1625
3- 166
3.16975
3-177
3.181
3.1825
3,18475
3.1885
3.2035
3.20725
3.2166
3.2175
3-2315
3-23275
3-2365
3.23775
3,2385
3.238875
3-23925
3-24025
3.2405
3,241
3.2425
3.244
3.248875
3.24925
3-24975
3,2515
3.253625
3.255
3-256125
3,258625
3.261
3.261125
3.263625
3.266125
3-268625
3-271125
3.273625
2.33
3.4045
3,4115
3-4325
3.4535
3,4675
3.4815
3.541
3.579545
3.64
3.656
3.745
3.8
3,803
3.805
3,860
3.908
3.9168
4-
6-21 6-22222
6-25185
6-254167
6.28146
6.31111
6-321458
6.37037
|
MC/KHZ |
WC/HHZ |
|
4.0457 |
6.380416 |
|
4.096 |
6.330833 |
|
4,1153 |
6.381041 |
|
4.1299 |
6,381666 |
|
4.26 |
6.3B229! |
|
4.335 |
6.382916 |
|
4.6895 |
6.383541 |
|
4.6965 |
6.384166 |
|
4.7175 |
6.384791 , |
|
4.7245 |
6.385416 |
|
4.7315 |
6,42963 |
|
4.765 |
6,43104 |
|
4.89 |
6.4592b |
|
4.9037 |
6.47 |
|
4.93333 |
6.47111 |
|
5. |
6.48889 |
|
5.13125 |
6,537 |
|
5.139583 |
6.567 |
|
5.147917 |
6.57778 |
|
5.164583 |
6.582 |
|
5-1755 |
6,612 |
|
5.1768 |
6.627 |
|
5,25926 |
6.6645 |
|
5.3037 |
|
|
5.33333 |
6.673 |
|
5.34815 |
6.693 |
|
5.3484 |
6.705 |
|
5.426636 |
6.723 |
|
5.436636 |
6.7 305 |
|
5.456 |
6-738 |
|
5.4675 |
6,75 |
|
5.499 |
6,75125 |
|
5.5065 |
6.753 |
|
5.1111 |
6.7562 |
|
5.5215 |
6.7605 |
|
5.544 |
6.7712 |
|
5.5515 |
6.77625 |
|
5.559 |
6.7833 |
|
5.5665 |
6.81482 |
|
5-574 |
6-87407 |
|
5.5815 |
6,9037 |
|
5.58519 |
6.844444 |
|
5.589 |
6.88 |
|
5.604 |
6.91 |
|
5.6115 |
6.92 |
|
5.619 |
6.933333 |
|
5.6265 |
6.94 |
|
5.62963 |
6.96296 |
|
5.6415 |
7.01 |
|
5.6715 |
7.125 |
|
5.68 |
|
|
5-7037 |
7.225 |
|
5-7105 |
7.25 |
|
5.733333 |
7.255555 |
|
5.74815 |
7.27 5 |
|
5-80741 |
7.3435 |
|
5.83704 |
7.35 |
|
5-85135 |
7,36296 |
|
5,8968 |
7,3728 |
|
5.92593 |
7.39 |
|
5.9525 |
7,42222 |
|
7.443 |
|
|
6. |
7.4585 |
|
7.4615 |
7.4685
7.4715
7.473
7.4785
7.4815
7.4985
7.62963
7,65926
NOTE lOOKC is $9.99 each
■
206 73 Magazine ■ December, 1980
|
f |
CRYSTAIS $4,99 |
|||
|
MC/MHZ |
MC/MHZ |
MC/MHZ |
MC/MHI |
|
|
7.67407 |
10.8864 |
23,575 |
35,14 |
40.62963 |
|
7.68889 |
10.962 |
26.375 |
35.18 |
40.66666 |
|
7,71852 |
11.005 |
26,62 |
35, 19 |
40.703704 |
|
7.7985 |
11.055 |
26.64 |
35.2 |
40,740741 |
|
7,f^015 |
11. 13 |
26. 66667 |
35.3 |
40.77777 |
|
7.81 |
11.1805 |
26.67 |
35.36 |
40.814815 |
|
7.9 |
11.228 |
26.7 4 |
35, 55555 |
40-85185 |
|
' 7.925 |
11.2995 |
26.8965 |
35.90125 |
40.888SS |
|
7.926667 |
11-34 |
26.958 |
35.97625 |
40.96296 |
|
7,95 |
11.3565 |
26.965 |
36. |
42.59259 |
|
7,975 |
11.50875 |
27.005 |
36.04 |
45. |
|
8. |
11.53375 |
27.04 5 |
3 6,08 |
46,2 |
|
8,002 |
] 1 ,55347 |
27,095 |
36,16 |
48.98333 |
|
8.003333 |
11,705 |
27. 126 |
36.2 |
|
|
8,0355 |
11.755 |
27, 185 |
36.2675 |
|
|
8.0835 |
11.805 |
27.205 |
36.3525 |
|
|
8.04864 |
11.855 |
27.22 5 |
36. 3875 |
MC/MHZ |
|
B.l |
11.90 5 |
27,5 |
36,4275 |
|
|
8,123 |
11.955 |
27.7 |
36.66667 |
48. 927 7 7 |
|
8.126 |
11,96125 |
27.77778 |
37. |
49.21389 |
|
8.12625 |
J2.925 |
27.84S |
37.2175 |
49,692 |
|
8vl4 |
12,93 |
27.9 |
49.95 |
|
|
8.15 |
13. 102 |
28. |
37.46 |
53.45 |
|
8.15571 |
13.2155 |
28.615 |
37,77777 |
53,3 |
|
8, 15714 |
13.2455 |
28,7 |
37.845 |
56.9 |
|
8.175 |
13.2745 |
28.728 |
38. |
58.794 |
|
8.2 |
13.2845 |
28.775 |
38.33333 |
|
|
8.284615 |
13.2945 |
28.8 |
38.77777 |
60.45 |
|
a. 364 |
13,3045 |
28.805 |
38.88888 |
61,25 |
|
8,42308 |
13,3145 |
28.835 |
38.88889 |
61.95 |
|
8.5266 |
13.3245 |
28.855 |
39. |
66.66667 |
|
8.625 |
13.3345 |
23.88889 |
39. 16 |
67.52 |
|
8.82 |
13.3445 |
28.905 |
39.51851 |
67.82 |
|
8.82S5 |
13.3545 |
28.93886 |
39.55555 |
67. 94 |
|
8,837 |
13.824 |
29.896 |
39.592593 |
68. 1 |
|
8.8455 |
14,315 |
29.9 |
39.629630 |
68. 12 |
|
8,854 |
15.02 |
30. |
39. 566667 |
68,18 |
|
8,8625 |
15,016 |
30.25 |
39,703704 |
68,375 |
|
8.871 |
15,03 6 |
30,662 |
39.74071 |
68,48 |
|
8.8795 |
16,965 |
31. |
39.777778 |
68.60 |
|
S.888 |
17.00925 |
31.11111 |
39.81481 |
71,015625 1 |
|
8.905 |
17.01018 |
31.66667 |
39.851852 |
72,8 55 |
|
8.9135 |
17,015 |
31,9 |
39, BBBBS |
73.50 |
|
8.9305 |
17.065 |
32. |
39.92592 |
7 5.185 |
|
8.939 |
17,115 |
32.005156 |
39.952963 |
76,66667 |
|
8.956 |
17.165 |
32. 175 |
40. |
82.75 |
|
9,0265 |
17,215 |
32.22222 |
40,037037 |
83. |
|
9,327778 |
17.28 |
32.6 |
40.074074 |
84. |
|
9,36 |
32.936 |
40.111111 |
90.833 |
|
|
9.37491 |
17.9065 |
33. |
40.14814 |
93.1346 |
|
9,425938 |
17.9165 |
33.3 |
40,222222 |
93.535 |
|
9. 5075 |
17.9265 |
33,33333 |
40.25925 |
93,9353 |
|
9,545 |
17.9365 |
33.44945 |
40,29629 |
94.3 |
|
9.555 |
17,9465 |
3 3,9 |
40.33333 |
102.2 |
|
9.565 |
17,9665 |
34, |
40.37037 |
106.85 |
|
9.585 |
17.975 |
34.245 |
40.407407 |
115.83 |
|
9.643125 |
17.9935 |
34.44444 |
40.444444 |
121.5 |
|
9.65 |
18.29 |
34.565 |
40.48148 |
126.4 |
|
9,657292 |
18.76563 |
34.585 |
40.51851 |
1 2 8 . |
|
9.7 |
19.006 |
34.605 |
40.555556 |
146.64 |
|
9.75 |
19,1 |
34.625 |
40.59259 |
147.09 |
|
9.8 |
19.1003 |
34.655 |
||
|
9. 85 |
19.100308 |
34,685 |
<nkMf^^ |
Ww^ |
|
9,9 |
19. 103394 |
34.695 |
Jztwm^m^ |
l7j |
|
9.934375 |
19.3483 |
34.705 |
fh/WK M |
■ Md ^^^ |
|
9.95 10 10-01 |
19,3484 19.43125 19.45208 |
34.725 35, 35.02 |
TOLL FREE # |
^^-* electroqic^ |
|
10,02 |
19,5385 |
35.03 |
(800) 528-0180 |
|
|
10.021 10.20833 10.04 |
19.6608 20,1 22 |
35,04 35.07 35.08 |
(for orders only) |
(602)242-8916 |
|
10.3 55 10.8037 5 |
22.22 23.25 |
35,11 35.12 |
2inW.Camelback |
|
|
Phoenix, Arizona 85015 |
||||
y^ Reader Service — see p^g& 22S
73 Magazine • December, 1980 207
*^12
P.O. Box 40I244-E Garland, TX. 75040 (214)278-3553
Lfinlled Qly, Limft 5 of each type
per customeT
RF POWER TRANSISTORS
2N5591 25 W @ 13.6 VDC
to 240 mhz minimiim
gain 4 4 db.
6.95
2146081 / MRr221
15W @ t3.6 VOC lo 240 mhz.
Minimum gain 8.3 db,
4.95
Units are marked with special mtg's, part number, however, flii are new and guaranteed.
TO-3 P.C, BOARD HEATSINK
Perfect for power transistors, or 309 and 340 K series voltage reguialor^.
3/1.10
■i^ifi'
LM39S Htgh gam power rrartsistor with buitt in CLirrent limiting, power limitmg and thermal overload making it virtusiiy tmpossthte to destroy with overload, VCEO = 36V IC ^ 2A HFe 3000. Will dnve direetry off TTL and CMOS 1.65
TRANSFORMEA ;oo<J 1tftPi*tormtf lorTfL fittear.
ComrmcKon' OtwiFrmw/Mtfmig.iiinFB
l«*flt
Order Brr-^DOS
S2.95
200V 4A SCR
Sensiltve Gale
7/S1 00
Special P Lirchase -j ^ Order BES-0025 *' ^
THE PERFECT TRANSFORMER 117V AC primary. 12VAC secondary @ 200ma Great tor all you CMOS, or low power TTL projects. PC board mount.
99e ea. a/$2,5e Size. 1.5^ Wx 1 25'' Dx l 25" H
Ay3-agio programmable sound geheratob
TITO AY3-S910 IS a 40 pin LSI chtp with thre«o^iikaior», Jhree amplitude cootrofs, programmaWe noise ganerjitor, Itiree rrjlxefs^ an envelope generator, and three O/A converters that are coniroMed by fi BIT WQftDS. No vxmrnai pot& ot caps rcquirefi This chip hooked Jo an S bit microprocesSOf chip qf Buss {BOSO. ZBQ. 6B00 ^c } cafi be soflwafe conTr(>lled to produce almpsl any ftotjnd II will ptay throe note ChOfds. make ban^. tAhislles, s if ens. gunshotik. «xpfoiJkoflft. ble^fitB. whines. Of grunts In addilmn. it ttm pn>vi3iofa To cootrol fts own frve«nory ctiips with two lO ports The chip requires »5V @ 7*?fTia 4nci a standard TTL doc* osciitaior A ifuty incfeeliliie
$14,93 W/Basic Spec 5t>eet (4 pag^) SD page manual with S-100 imedaee instructions and several i^irogramming exam pies. S3.00 extra
OVP'* OV£R VOLTAGE PROTECTOR 6,95
Providers cheap insurance for your expensive equfpmefiL Trip volta^ is adkistable from 3 to 30 volts. Ouefvnitage instanttv fires a 25A SCR and shofis ttie output to protect eqyipmflnt. Should be u«ed on units that are fused. Di- rec^iy compaiible with the PS 12 and PS'14. All electron- ics sutJpliod. DriFled and plated PC b&ard.
ULTRASONIC RELAY KIT
tnvi^tble Beam Wortcs Like A Pholo EtectricEye COMPLETE KIT All Parts a PC Board Use Up To 25 Ft Apart
Optional eniry delay and Alarm Timeout Circuil Will sQurce or sink up to 2<Q0 MA DC
S3dS
AUTO A^ AN CLOCK KIT
• 12 Hr Format
• 6 Digit 6'^ LED Readouts
• Quart/ XT AL Timebase
• A^arm & Snooze Options
• Noise Fillenng
• Easy Assembly • 12 VOC
• 4 5/a" it3" X 1 1/2"
• All Pans!
$t6JS
' ZULU II CLOCK KIT
X'TRA VALUE ^ All Ihp [:r3mpqri4f<n1i^ and fiigh qu^Mty picilFd G*1D PC Qanretii
Fire rif'^itli'ii K-TRA CAaE \H 0£SlC»Nr Easy Assembly! Large open iayOul X-CEiLENCE IN IDEAS: 5 yfiflfs of design e?cJ prodticfs 'or mw BmiihjLrr radio
X-CELLENCE IW INSTRUCTIONS: Clear step- by stop in^tmtiionn with
nUHiity iilii».rr^ih.-iri:i (iriit ■jt^hemftidC- K-TnA FEATUnES'Th^iehn&rteverbeeiTaclEMikkFt with SO many feaiuFiti— nt
any pf^^^
• Unir opoiatr* Ofi et»nt5r t! VAC o' 11 VDC-
• Oti t>oaro OUAATZ KTAt TJMESASE «f 60Hz AC \m^ heq cvi |?e used
• AuTomaric DATTERt SAC HUP"
• Reod^ \iu* ^ HOUR TIME .v z 3t DAY CALENDAR
« Uniqu* NO X ^ CIRCUIT »cin> ftt«s readouts with a Korvdca ip tDllQwvd bf the
dadc lor 4 HKondi^ Or lh«y tan Ck tnim^ a<i C!«n$tartOy. « fipten b»M<l tiiobt)« rapdOiiA 1}isnh whe igntiion a off
• Special NOtSC SUPWiClSHHI af^ tjattEf y nmenal cif cuttx
• Bffgftt t ? Lrp'n nNi* hotm ri«PtJ'e a-nt? iMccoflds ^_
WITH CALEMDAR AMD NOX^-CtRGUIT
19.95
LESS CASE
ACCESSORIES
Cuifom High Impitri MaTded Ca^ with Ruby Lefi$. Avstlftbta In B1u« of T».
Sfi.50
TIT VAC to ta VAC Traaslomrier-
$1.35 '9V Bast^y Noi lofLirM^e
*w
Sound Effects Kit $18.$0
TTie SE-01 Sovntf E rfcctai K fl i» « comftW* N LL au you n««d ta Duik} « ptogranvna&ifr ^d^n ^ sh^ds marine ev£:e^ a baflery snd ipfl«li;«r Oiir kit ij de$ig(wd (o r«aNy rmg oul Ihe Tl 75477 Souths Ch* Ofrty ihe 5E-Dtt pTQirides you with «kliii«n«i ciraiifry llu^ m^tlH a PULSE <^M3iATOfl, MUX OSaLLATOR and COMPftflfTOll lo make mwe csmptvit foiindrl i *rLap V. t .it.;, , -„ ,., u.iidjng th« kit wifh a cl«af. eMy-ti>- fQllsur con^ifucfion manmal and ivesriow you how ID easily pfogram rheunit Oihardfu^rswid sejiyoiirhechipm □ 'kil" ort (^Ms bul you itre on your own to do ins mosi dittieutl part mak* rteftt toufidt' Witftkn ii&heH tfmeafie* yc3Li Mjrldih^SE'Oi you can easily crciatf>Gunih&it. Eiploikira. Space SDundS', StHm Traau and much rtiDta W#|h>»nk theBuUet SE-Ol is the ^esrdisalcin ite maT^^ot btJt tforr't uk ut, - «sk thfl 15.000 hgppy SE-D1 ownefa^
CDmp4Ble KJI Wilh Quality Platfld PC Board S1B,50
tina baltory & «p«aKef)
U9«ri Group Noln: fnctud^s addJlJonat pfrt>grQmmiing
charts plurj quhltflrly iipdates $5.00
y UjfATT AUDIO MAV KIT SMALI, S1N0I.E HYBPtlD \tl AND GOMPONENTS FIT ON * 2" k 3" PC
BOARP iPNCLUI3EDl RUNS ON UV DC GREAT FOR ANV PROJECT THAT NEEOS AN INEXPENSrve AMP LESS THAN 3% THD <S^ 5 WATTS COMPATIBLE WiTM SE-r^l UOUND WT t&US
PARTS
LM3048 [CA3CH6) ^islqr Arr^y
ItCA 40400 4aDV fiA TBIAG TQ-C6 . . . .
LUHT Ton* Dacoder
GO4046 PLL CMOS
L1I3302 Quad CompqralLit
jrSC IMt Hi^h FfKl NPIH TO-02
m^S A 20 NPN G«n^al f^urpo3«
TL490 Bar.' Graph Dtvwm iw^specs
7V12 12V 1 A neoyialo«
71^ SV )A R#qute1ar ..
TflMOS SV A Rs^ TO-? fHse #T
LM391I Tafnp Tranidiuca<^w £p^r3
S5S Ttmar IC .......
P,UT w/ipeo --.
Opto l40i4lCHr vrsiiec!^
2W Auci*i? fC w<ipa» .
CXfti^ Licaeo iM/spacs . . . .
PUP Ptmv 10-zm sen Sectiitivtr GaJ© 200V 4* . .
SCR San^ritye Gate flODV
4AnCA
iM2n variAblt Reg 3-35V 1A
vi^ipsa ...,,,
TriQ^wr dicidEr tor tnacs tn 01AC AC phua control
nnfffiTsiJi-ifi ,...,....
1^1 JIO
1.69
n
* CALL OH WHITETODAY FOR FREE CATALOG *
MO CO D
SEND CHECK. M,0,. OR
CREDIT CARD U
PHONE ORDERS ACCEPTED
ON VISA/MASTER CHARGE ONLY
{214) 278-3553
ADD 5% FOR SHIPPING ORDERS UNDER $10 ADD
75 HANDLING TEX. RES ADD 5% TAX FOREIGN ORDERS ^EXCEPT CANADA) ADD 10% (20% FOB AIRMAILS
t*^ MUSIC FOR YOUR EARS
BiitUit s EteclronJc Music Machine* Kit hn^ a single 2t Pin Microproc^sor Chip with ROM thai has b«en program meet sa ptay The Iksi 6 lo to nG\e9 Qt ihe 25 popular lur>s listed below Each luR« can easily be address^ itHti vidua Ity or p^ayiKf sequenciaily ai the pifsai oi a button Ttte S chtme seq uen c^s ai e aci iv aled at any ti me tjf separate switch closures so wtien used as a doorb«IL Ofw <tQOf can play songs whil«^ iwo others Witt piav ditfef enl ^^imcs The uhn has a 5 waft autft> Amp and wM run en either 12VAC or 12 VOC, Optional 117VAC liari&fotme^ ^ available Const rucl ion is veiy sjmple, wdtlis with any 0. or 16 ohun speaker, oe ti&m $pe^k?r \tiol liiclud€K3 ) Tunes can be reniolr , piogrammed usvn^ a single rol&ry ftwHch. |nd1 ihctuded). il desired.
CompIHe Kill SIS^^S TransformeT S1.3S
For ClpcMalttnn on 117VAC
Tune»: Tor^^dor ' William Tell ' Hal^e^uiah Chemt * Star Spangled Banner " Yanke« Doedic! ' America. America " Deufschtand Leid ' Wadding Mafch * Beethoven s Sth and 91 h * Heiri Betia - L aVIen En Ros?* Star WarsTh^me
* Ctefnenllno ' Augustine ' Jingle Bells ' Cod Save The Queen ' Colonel Bog«y * Md^sei liaise
* O Sole Mio ' Santa Lucia ' The End " Blue Dan u be ' B rahms L u Kaby ' W estm ini si er Chime
* Sample Chim« " Desceniiing Octave Chi^me
2M 73 Magazine • December. 1980
The Greatest Breakthrough in Electronic Music I
Introducing
The New
SUPER MUSIC MAKER KIT
Commercial Pis|»lays
'€%i
Doorbells
$23.50
Less Speaker
.^
Musie Bonu
Car Horns
Super Music Machine Kit $23.50
PC board only for Super Music Machine $5.00
Basic Kit less IC's $11.50
DIP Switches for PC Board (2) $2,00
Blank 2708 EPROMS (Not programmed) $9.60
AT LAST: An affordable kit that can be programiYied to play any song or group of songs you desire. Instead of a nightmare of numerous IC's and special expensive bi-potar ROM's, theSuper Music Maker uses a special mask programmed computer chip, one CMOS gate and the most popular erasable EPROM, the 2708/2716 series. The basic kit includes drilled, plated and screened PC Board. All components are provided except the EPROM and 12V transformer. The basic kit will play short renditions of 25 tunes through its' 7 watt amplifier section. With the addition of an optional ROM any tune that is programmed can be played! If you have the equipment to program 2708 EPROMS we supply full information on programming your own music, if you wish to buy ROMS with tunes pre-programmed, we have arranged with another company to provide this service. MASTER MUSIC in Mt. Vernon, Missouri is stocking a large inventory of preprogrammed ROMS. If a Super Music Machine Kit is ordered, a listing of available ROMS and ordering information will be included with the shipment.
FEATURES:
* The basic kit contains 25 "short" tunes, in the main IC.
* Will address external ROM for up to 1,000 more notes per ROM, (ROM IS NOT INCLUDED!) + Operates on 12 volts AC or 12 volts DC*. @ 500 ma.
* 7 watts of audio power witi drive 8 or 16 ohm speakers or horn speakers. {Not Included!)
* "Next Tune" provision steps sequenciaMy through all tunes.
* Tune address can be wire jumper selected or board is designed to lake DIP switches, {available seperately).
* Pitch, Volume and Tempo are al! adjustable.
* Special "chime" sequences can be activated regardless of tune address to provide for multiple doorbell applications.
* All tunes consist of electronic musical notes played one at a time. There are no chords or harmony sound to the music
* Step-by-step assembly instructions provided. 90 day parts warranty, complete repair service. 'Using unit on 12 vofts DC and with option ROM requires 9V bias battery, (not included ).
ftVLLIT ELECTB«IIC9
1^12
P.O. BOX 4 01244'-E GARLAND. TX. 7 6 040
n
THIS KIT IS IN STOCK. YOU WILL LOVE OUR FAST SERVICE! ^^ SEE OPPOSITE PAGE FOR ORDERING INFORMATION i POLICIES.
^ Reader Service— ^&e page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 209
* T -1^ » V
fff
NEW RADAR DETECTOR BOARDS
t*1 - Includes 3 - 741 op amps. 1NE5S6
Timer, and 1 - LM31 1
S 2/1.00
fi2 - Includes 1 - NE567 PLL. 1NE555 S -75 Each of 3/2.00
Timer, 1 - 5634 Low Noises op amp for high quality audio^ 2 - 741 op amps, and 1 - 78M08 voltage Reguiator: 8V 500MA
Each of these boards contain many other parts too numerous to list.
CUSTOM IC #17564-4 Has a C-MOS oscillalor. Decade Counter Decoder/ Driver Al Ihe push of a button will flash a LED 24 times.
At the end of which it will display the number of times it has gone through the cycle, up to 99 Variable speed pulses - Perfect tor timing. FULL DATA — $1.00
fi
v.*
* 4f -k it ^ i( CABLE TIES ****** MAKEYQURPR0JECTS"NEAT&TIDV'4" CABLE TIES AT A FANTASTIC PRICE. GET THIS BARGAIN AND "TIE"^ IT DOWN S2.00 for 100 or better yet $15,00 for 1000
Yicleo-^lleu
SEND FOR CATALOG ^js tm
t««4
SEND FOR CATALOG WITH SUPER SAVINGS!!
Introductory Offer
41^^
A Full Color* TV Game For The Family
Six eKciling TV Games — Hockty Tennis and Handball with one Of iv#o ptayer capability for each game Bait velocity double after the fourth player hit for an mcreasmgly compeiitive §ame
AdjLrstdbte paddli^ size for each pfayer allows for handicapped play ^f desired Paddles can grve automaiiC ball spin wiih seven possible angles ol ball deflect fon
Automatic dignai scoring appears after each point is scored Game ceases automatically after one player -cores 15 points. Sen/mg is from Ihe paddle of player who scored the last points thus server can 'plate" his shot
Video-Volley is designed to be msialied, with a mmimum of effort, to any standard television receiver, either color or black and white Batteries bt% rtot required
l«i
^••***
OPCOA CLOCK #R1200 AC
12 Hour Format. 12 Volt Operation. .3 Inch Display. Has Radio (Alarm) Output. Complete with On-Board Switches and 4 Pin connection for easy hook up. With Data.
Add 60Hz TirriQ Base for DC Opofalion,
SUPER SPECIAL 2/8.00 or S4:2S each
Plug in transrormer and all parts to make clock operational S2,20,
:::::: $795 i;:::: ■
VERY LIMITED STOCK!
M3-650t
256 By 4 CMOS Ram, By Harris. Super Low Current Drarn* Data retentron Voltage 2 Volts. Great for battery power or back-up,
$1.99 each
5 VOLT REED RELAY
An ablsoluteiy fantastic ftem. Compare this price with any advertiser While They LastI Normally Open. SPST. Turns on at 10 MA, Drops out at 5 MA,
SUPER SPECIAL! 2/1.20 or 10/4.00
*■
»•
At
••
»■
• i
#11 *m
Small hand-hetd playef modules with tS foot cord length pron^ides ^ more comfoft and versatility for player^ ^
The compaci command module stls atop the lelevision receiver artd has front panel control allowing effortless change from normal television recephon to game play Easy disconnection of the player hand-Kpid modulss facilitates easy sei-up and take-dr^^Am for storage —
*•
-.i
'••f
^•••«-
i««
t#«*<
LAB-BENCH VARIABLE $12 00 KIT
POWER SUPPLY KIT super sale
5 to 20 VDC at 1 AMP, Short circuit
protected by current limit. Uses tC regulator and 10 AMP Power Darlington. Very good regulation and fow ripple. Kit includes PC Board, all parts, large heatsink and shielded transformer 50 MV, TYP Regulation.
RCA SENSITIVE GATE TRIAC
TO-5 CASE, HOUSE #40531
ALSO SAME AS T2300a
2,5 AMPS 400 PiV
5/$1.19
Perfect for Dimmers, Color Organs, etc. PC LEADS
NATIOHAL SEMICONDUCTOR
"COLOSSUS JR/' JUMBO CLOCK MODULE
MA1013 BRAND IMEW
WJ§^
r««-
AtSEIIBLED' NOT A MlT>
V^ANUFACTURERS CLOSEOUT!
$8,50
(•s«)
I AC KfMFi $1 ^^
PERFECT FOR USE WtTH A TIMEBASE
Bri^hl 4 dKigEr 0 T LCD 1>t:Splay
CompivTe-Add emit TtansrorTTifr ifitf Swilchps
24 Hour Alarm ^nal Output
12 H&uf R#«t Tt«vr formal
SO or 60 H2 Op«fAl^Dn
Powtr FihlutF IndicaMon
LED Brighlneii Cdntrol
Sie?p and Srtooie Timers
Alarm ' on ' 4ind PM Indieatart
Difflcl Drive No RFI
DiFflcl Rfplicetnenf loi MAtOl2
Comes wilh FuH Dulfl
SPECIAL 1 MONTH ONLY! S3.95
SO Hi CRYSTAL TIME BASE
(Complefe KH) Us«5 MW53e9CMOS 'itvidflr iC with liigh accuracy 3 579^45 MH2 Crystal U^ witli ali MOS Clock CMps or Moc^ules Draws only 1 5 MA All parts, d^ta and PC 8oarcf tncluded 100 Hi. same as above. ^xc«pl 15.95.
D.C. HORN
VERY LOUDt
6-12 VDC
Like Used In
Smoke Alarms.
FANTASTIC SAVINGS
Compare this true value.
.60 ea. 4 For $2.00
PMD-11K-60 (Darlington)
60 Voils. HFE 800-20K 12 Amps, PNP TO-3 160 Watts. By Lambda, gf^l^Ht)
$1.50 Me>wi
Crystal Super Savings
4,433618 MHZ 2/$1.10
REPEAT OF A SELL-OUT!
VECO PREClSlOISr THERMISTOR GLASS TYPE VECO *
#4VA72 a2K OHMS AT ROOM TEMP VERY SENSITtVE !;|
iNDIVJDUALLY PACKAGED IN PLASTIC VIALS S3 00 VALUE -4
$1.00 each or 3 FOR $2,50 -H
Digital Researcli: Parts
** (OF TEXAS)
P.0, BOX 401247 • GARLAND. TEXAS 75040 • (214) 271-2461
TERMS: Add iOC posuge. we pay balance Orders undei^ $^S add..« Iht handling No COO We accept Visa. MaslerChafg*? and-** Americart Express cards Tex Res add S^ Tax Foreigr> orders "'• (except Canada) add 20% P&H 90 Day Money Baci^ Guarantee ort *!* all If ems • •
m * w *
* * *
m m m ^ ^F
« * • «
• * « •
• « www* m »■••••♦*•••* '^ • '
^ m m m m * m * * * • • % 9 9 9 9 9 • \*^
• ♦••••
These Low Cost SSB
TRANSMITTING
CONVERTERS
Let you use inexpensive recycled lOM or 2IVI SSB exciters on UHF & VHFI
Linear Converters for SSB, CW, FM, elc
A fraction of the prfce of other units; no need to spend $300 -$400!
Use wrth any exciter^ works with trtput levels as
fow as 1 mW.
Use low power tap on exciter or sample resistor
attenuator pad (instructions included).
Link osc with RX converter for transceive.
XV4 UHF KIT — ONLY $99.95
28-30 MH;; in, 435-457 MHz out; IWp.e.p. onssb^ upto WiW on CW or FM. Has second oscillator for other ranges. Aiten. supplied for 1 to 500 mW input, use external attenuator for higher f eve Is.
Extra crystal for 432-434 MHz range S5,95
XV4 WSred and tested .......... $149.96
XV2VHF KIT -ONLY $69.95
2W p.e.p. Output with as littie as 1 mW input. Use simple external attenuator. IVIany freq, ranges available
MODEL
XV2-1 XV2-2 XV2-4 XV2-5 XV2-7
XV2 Wired and tested
INPUT {WlHz) OUTPUT tWHz)
28-30 50-52
28-30 220-222
20-30 1 44^1 48
28-29 (27-27.4 CS)1 45-1 46 (144-1 44.4)
144-146 50-52
XV28 2M ADAPTER KIT - $24.95
Converts aray 2h/1 exciter to provide ihe lOM signal required to drive above 220 or 435 MHz units.
■i.-.^ti^_^l^
NEW! COMPLETE TRANSMiniNG CDNVERTER AND PA IN ATTRACTIVE CABINET
Far less than the cost of many 10W units!
Now, the popular HafBtronics* Transmitting Converters and heavy duty Linear Power Am pi f tiers are aval fable as complete units in attractive^ shielded cabinets with BNC receptacles for exciter and antenna connections. Perfect setup for versatileterrestfal and OSCAR operations! Just right for phase 3? You save $30 when you buy complete unlit with cabinet under cost of individuai items. Run 40-45 Watts on VHF or 30-40 Watts on UHF with one integrated unilJ Call for more details
MODEL KIT
XV2/LPA2-45/Cam (6M or 2M) $1 99.95 XV4/LPA4-30f^Cabt (for UHF) $229,95
WIRED and TESTED
^299.35 $349.^5
Easy to Build FET
RECEIVING CONVERTERS
Let you receive OSCAR and other
exciting VHF and UHF signals on
your present HF or 2M receiver
NEW LOW-NOISE DES[QN ATTRACTIVE WOODGRAIN CASE Less than 2dB noise figure, 20dB gain
MODEL
GA28
CA50
CA50-2
CA144
CA145
CA146 CA220 CA220-2 CA110
CA432-2 CA432-5 GA432-4
Easily
STYLE
Kit less case Kit witli case Wlred/Tested in case
RF RANGE
OUTPUT RANGE
|
28-32 MHj |
144-148 MHz |
|
50-52 |
23-30 |
|
5054 |
144-148 |
|
144-146 |
23-30 |
|
145-147-01- |
2B-30 |
|
144-144.4 |
27-27,4 (CG) |
|
146' 148 |
28-30 |
|
220-222 |
28-30 |
|
220-224 |
144-148 |
|
Any 2MH£ ot |
2 6 -2 a |
|
Aircratt Band |
Of 28-30 |
|
432-434 |
28-30 |
|
435-437 |
28-30 |
|
432-436 |
144-148 |
|
modified for other rf and if ranges. |
VHP
S34.95 $39,95 $54.95
UHF
^49.95
$54,95 $64.95
Professional Quality VHF/UHF
FM/CW EXCITERS
Fully shielded designs
Double tuned circuits for spurious suppression
Easy to align with buiit-in test aids
IT'S EASY TO ORDER! ..
m Write or phone 716-392-9430 (Electfontc answering service evenings & weekends) m Use Credit Card. UPS COD, Check, Mor^ey Order • Add $2.00 shipping & handling per order
T50-50 6-chan, 8M, 2W Kit, ,,...,,...,,. $44,95
T50-1 50 6-chan. 2 M, £ W Kit. $44,95
T50-220 6-chan, 220 M Hz, 2W Kit $44.95
T450 1-chan. 450 MHz, ViW Kit , $44,95
See our Complete Line of
VHF & UHF Linear PA'S
• Use as linear or class C PA
• For use with SSB Xmtg Converters, FM Exciters, etc.
LPA2-1 5 6M, 2M, 220; 15 to 20W ... $59.95
LPA2-30 6M, 2m; 25 to 30W $89.95
LPA2-40 220 MHz; 30 to 40W $119.95
LPA2'45 6M, 2M; 40 to 45W S1 1 9,95
LPA4-10 430MHz; 10 to 1 4W $79.95
LPA4-30 430MHS: 30-40W S11 9,95
See catalog for complete specifications
Call or WrFte to get
FREE CATALOG
With Complete Details
(Send 4 IRC's lot f)v^rmA& maiNrgJ H AM TRO N IGS I S A REG I STE RE D TRAD EM A R K
FAMOUS HAMTRONICS PREAMPS
Let you hear the weak ones toot Great for OSCAR. SSB, FM, ATV. Over 14,000 in use thfoug hout the world on all types of receivers.
• NEW LOW-NOISE DESIGN
• Less than 2 dB noEse figure, 20 dB gain
• Case only 2 imches square
• Specify operating frequency when ordering
MO DE L P-30 VH F PRE AM P, a va i lable i n ma ny versions to cover bands 18-300 MHz,
MODEL P432 UHF Pif EAMP, available in versions to cover iDands 300-650 MHz.
STYLE
Kit less case Kft with case Wired/Tested in Gas©
VHF
$12.95
$16,95 $27.95
UHF
$10.95 $26.95 $32.95
NEW VHF/UHF FM RCVRS
Offer Unprecedented Range of Selectivity Options
New generation More sensitiye More selective Lovw cross mod Usas crystal fi iters Smaller Easy to align
R75A* VHF Kit for monitor Or weather satteiite service. Uses wipe LC filter. -60dB at ± 30 kHz $69.95
RTSB* VHF Kit for normat nbfm service. Equivaient to most
transceivers. -60clBat ± 1 7 kHz, -e0dSat±25 hHz . . S74.95
R75C* VH F Kit for repeate r service or high rf density area. -60dB at ±1 4kH2. ^SOdB ±22kHz, -1 OOdB ±30kH£, . . $84.95
R7 S D* V H F Kit for spS 1 1 c ha n n ei o pe rati on or repeater i n high density area. Uses 8- pole crystal filter, '60dB at ±9 kH3:,'1 00dBat± 1 5 kHz. Hie ultimate receiver!. . . $99.95
* Specify band: 1 CM, 6 M , 2M. or 220 M Hs. May also be jsed tor adjacent commercial tiarwds. Use 2M version for 1 37 MHz
WX sateliites.
R450( J UHF FM Receiver Kits, similar to R75, but for
UHF band. Hew low-noise front end. Add $10 to above
prices. (Addselectivi^ty letter to model number as on R75.)
At 4 5 Channel Adapter for Receivers.
$995
N EW R11 0 VH F AM RCVR
AM monitor receiver kit similar to R75A, but AM. Available for 10-1 1 M, 6M, 2M. 220 MHz, and 1 10-130 MHz aircraft band $74.95. |Aiso available in UHF version^
miponics, inc.
65 J MOUL RD - HflTOW, NY 1446b\
*^ Header Senftce^see page 226
73 MagazmB • December, 1980 211
2822 North 32nd street, #1 • Phoenix. Arizona 85008 • Phone 602-956-9423
|
MEMORY |
Descript ion |
Price |
MRFi+72 12.5 VDC. 27 MHz |
||||
|
2708 |
IK X 8 Eprom |
$ 5.00 |
k Watts output, 10 dB gain |
||||
|
2716/2516 |
2K X 8 5V sing] IK X 1* Static |
e supply |
9.99 5.00 |
$1 .69 each |
|||
|
21IV911'* |
|||||||
|
IK)27 |
4k X 1 Dynamic |
Ram |
2.99 |
CARBIDE CIRCUIT BOARD DRILL BITS |
|||
|
2H7An6 |
)6K X 1 Dynamic |
: Ram |
5.00 |
for PCB Boards |
|||
|
2732-6 |
32K Eprom |
39.95 |
5 mix for $5.00 |
||||
|
C.P.U.'s, Etc. |
MURATA CERAMIC FILTERS SFD 4*550 k5S KHz $2.00 |
||||||
|
MC6800P |
Microprocessor |
9.99 |
SFB (+550 1*55 KHz I . |
60 |
|||
|
MC68B2IP |
PIA |
6,99 |
CFM ifSSE kSS KHz 5. |
50 |
|||
|
HC68^5P |
CRT Control ler ACIA |
25.00 '♦.99 |
SFE 10.7 MA 10.7 MHz 2. |
99 |
|||
|
MC6850P |
|||||||
|
MC6852P |
SSDA |
5.00 |
ATLAS CRYSTAL FILTERS FOR ATLAS |
||||
|
8008- 1 |
Microprocessor |
5. |
,00 |
HAM GEAR |
|||
|
808OA |
Microprocessor |
5. |
,00 |
5.52 - 2.7/8 |
|||
|
Z8OA |
Microprocessor |
10. |
.99 |
5.595 - 2.7/8/U |
|||
|
Z80 |
Microprocessor |
8, |
,99 |
5.6lf5 - 2.7/8 |
|||
|
Z80A |
PIO |
9. |
.99 |
5.595 - .500/VCW YOUR CHOICE |
|||
|
Z80 |
SIO/O |
22. |
.50 |
5.595 - 2.7 USB $12.99 each |
|||
|
Z80 |
SIO/I |
22. |
.50 |
5.595 - 2.7/8/L |
|||
|
8212 |
8 Bit input/out |
:put part |
3, |
.99 |
5.595 - 2.7 L5B |
||
|
8251 |
Communication 1 UART |
nterface |
6. 6. |
.99 .99 |
9.0 - USB/CW |
||
|
TR1602/AY5-1013 |
|||||||
|
TMSIOOONL |
Four Bi t Microf |
jrocessor |
k. |
.99 |
J310 N-CHANNEL J-FET 1*50 MHz |
||
|
PT11+82B |
PSAT |
5. |
.99 |
Good for VHF/UHF Amplifier, |
|||
|
8257 |
DMA Control ler 6U X i+ FIFO |
8, 3. |
.99 .00 |
Oscillator and Mixers 3/Sl |
.00 |
||
|
33M |
|||||||
|
rtM5316/F38l7 |
Clock wi th alarm |
5. |
.99 |
AMPHENOL COAX RELAY |
|||
|
87J+I |
60, |
.00 |
26 VOC Coil SPOT #360-11892-13 |
||||
|
8748 |
8 Bit Microcomputer with |
100 watts Good up to 18 GHz |
|||||
|
programmable/ erasable EPROM |
60. |
,00 |
SI 9. 99 each |
||||
|
HCTiOSl/S |
6 Bit D/A |
3. |
.25 |
||||
|
C0H2502 |
9. |
.99 |
78MO5 Same as 7305 but only |
i Amp @ |
|||
|
C0H2601 |
9. |
l92 |
5 VDC kSt each or 10/$3.00 |
||||
|
CRYSTAL FILTERS |
NEW TRANSFORMERS |
||||||
|
TYCO 001-19880 |
Same as 21 9^ |
F-I8X 6.3 VCT @ 6 Amps |
$6 . 99 |
ea. |
|||
|
10.7 MHz narrow |
band |
F-l»6X 2'* V ^ 1 Amp |
5.99 |
eds |
|||
|
3 dB bandwidth |
!§ KHz min. |
F-UIX 25.2 VCT ^ 2 Araps |
6.99 |
ea. |
|||
|
20 dfi bandwidth |
60 KHz min. |
P-8380 10 VCT ^ 3 Amps |
7.99 |
ea. |
|||
|
kO de bandwidth |
150 KHz min. |
P-8604 20 VCT ^ 1 Amp |
4.99 |
ea. |
|||
|
Ultimate 50 dB |
insertion loss 1 |
dB max. |
P-8130 T2.6 VCT 0 2 Amps |
4.99 |
ea. |
||
|
Ripple 1 dB max |
. Ct. 0+/-5 pf |
3600 Ohms |
K-32B 28 VCT ^ 100 MA |
4.99 |
ea. |
||
|
$3.99 each |
E30554 Dual I7V ^ lAmp ea. |
6.39 |
ea. |
MRF^5^, same as MRFi+58 12.5 VDC, 3-30 MHz
BO Watts outputp 12 dB gain $17.95 each
EIHAC FINGER STOCK #¥-302
36 in. long x i In. $4,99 each
m ORDERS UNDER $10
212 73 Magazine • December, 1980
MRF203
MRF216
MRF2ZI
HRF226
MRF227
MRF238
MRFZ'tO
rtRF2'*5
MRF247
MRF262
HRF3 1 k
MRFit06
MRF'tl2
MRFJ^21
MRF422A
MRF422
MRFitZS
HRF'+28A
MRF^+ZS
HKFk26A
MRFlfi+9
MRFl^itgA
MRF^tSO
MRF450A
MRF'*52
«RFi*53
MRF'tS't MRFi+S'^A
MRF^55
MRFi*55A
MRFlt72
MRF*^7'+ MRF'+75 MRFU76
MRFU77 MRF485 MRFi+92 MRF502 MRFfiOif
HRF629 MRF648
MRF901 MRF902 MRF90tf
HRF9H MRF5I76
MRFSOO^
BFR90
BFR9I
BFR96
2822 North 32nd Street, #1 • Phoenix, Arizona 85008 • Phone 602-956-9423 ^^^
$P.O.R. 19.^7
8.73 10.20
2.13 10,00
14,62 28.87 28,87 6.25 12.20
11-33 20.65
27.45 38.25 38.25 38.25 38.25 8.87 8.87 10.61 10.61 11.00
n.77
15.00
13.72
21.83
21.83
14.08
14.06
2.50
3.00
2,90
2.25
10.00
3.00
20.40
*93 2.00
3.00
26.87
3.99
9.41 3.00
4.29 11.73
1.39 1.00
1.25 1.50
BFW92A
BFW92
MMCM913
MHCM2222
MMCM2369 MMCM2484 MMCM396OA MWAllO MWA 1 20 MWA 1 30 MWA210 MWA 2 20 MWA230 MWA3 1 0 MWA 3 20 MWA330
$
KOO
.79 14.30
15.65
15.00
15.25
24.30
6.92 7.38 8.08 7.46 8.08
8.62 8.08 8,62 9.23
|
TUBES |
|
|
6KD6 |
$ 5 . 00 |
|
6LQ6/6je6 |
6.00 |
|
6mj6/6L(16/6JE6c |
6.00 |
|
6lf6/6mh6 |
5.00 |
|
1 26Y7A |
4.00 |
|
2E26 |
4.69 |
|
4X1 5OA |
29.99 |
|
4CX250B |
45.00 |
|
4CX250R |
69.00 |
|
4CX300A |
109.99 |
|
4CX350A/3321 |
100.00 |
|
4CX350F/J/8904 |
100.00 |
|
4CX1500B/8660 |
300.00 |
|
SUA |
20.00 |
|
6360 |
4.69 |
|
6939 |
7.99 |
|
6146 |
5.00 |
|
6 146a |
5.69 |
|
61468/3298 |
7.95 |
|
6146W |
12.00 |
|
6550A |
8.00 |
|
8908 |
9.00 |
|
8950 |
9.00 |
|
4-400A |
71.00 |
|
4-400C |
80.00 |
|
572B/T160L |
44.00 |
|
7289 |
9.95 |
|
3-ioooz |
229.00 |
|
3-5OOZ |
129.99 |
TO-3 TRANSISTOR SOCKETS Phenol ic type 6/$l .00
yHF/VHF RF POWER TRANSISTORS
CD2867/2N6i+39 60 Watts output
Reg^ Price $^5^77
SALE PRICE $19-99
1900 MHz to 2500 MHz DOWMCONVERTERS Intended for amateur radio use Tunable from channel 2 thru 6 3^ dB gain 2*5 - 3 dB noise Warranty for 6 rrranths Model HMR II with dish antenna Complete Receiver and Power Supply $225-00 (does not include coax) k foot Yagi antenna only
539-99
Downconverter Kit * PCB and parts
$69,95
Power Supply Kit - Box, PCB and parts
$49*99
Downconverter assembled
$79-99
Power Supply assembled
$59*99
Complete Kit wrth Yagi antenna
$109.99 REPLACEMENT PARTS
MRF901 $ 3*99 MBDIOI 1.29 ,001 Chip Caps t .00 Power supply PCB 4-99 Downconverter PCB 19-99
NEW ASCII ENCODED KEYBOARDS
110 Keys Numeric and Cursor Pad
Ho data available $19^99 __^
86 PIN MOTOROLA BUS EDGE CONNECTORS Gold plated contacts Dual U3/86 pin .156 spacing Solder tail for PCB $3-00 each
CONTINUOUS TONE BUZZERS
12 VDC $2>00 each
no VAC MUFFIN FANS
New $11,95 Used $5.95
PL-259 TERMINATION $1 .50 each
52 Ohm 5 Watts
NO ORDERS UNDER $10
t^ Reader Service— see page 226
73 Magazine * December, 1980 213
ramss^ the first name in Counters !
9 DIGITS 600 MHz $129
SPECIFICATIONS:
WIRED
|
FSICES |
|
|
irT KfwirBit 1 yewwvnnL-y |
5125 iJJ |
|
CT W K It 90 di> |unE ^^'ir |
|
|
'^"^Y. |
IW^S |
|
AC t AC idipl«r |
i.93 |
|
BP h Nkidpick '^AC |
|
|
Adupur.Thfl.rptr |
tJU |
|
OV 1 . hficT'O-pTM^r 0>tJi |
|
|
Ijpue tiiu |
49 9f |
|
Fil*nv*l timt Nse WipiH |
l*.«S^ |
The CT-SO >s the most versaiilt feature packed counter available f&r less tltanSi^OO.OOf Advanced design features injclude^ Ihree selectable gatetamei^ nine digits, gate indicator and a unique disptay hnid function whit^h hotdii ihne displayed count after the inpur signal is fetdDved! Alsa a J OmHz TCXO time base is used which enables easy zero beat calibration checks against WWV. Opttonally: an inft^mai nicad battery pack:, external time base input and Micro power hi^ stability crystal oven time base are available. The CT-90, perfonnance you can count on!
Ran.ge: Sensttivityt
ResolutiocE
Display: Time btse:
Power:
20 Hz ID 600 MHz
Uss thflft 10 MV to 150 MHz
Less than 50 MV to 500 MHz
0.1 Hz (10 MHz ranRe)
LO Hz (60 MHz range)
10.0 Hii{600 MHz range)
9 digits 0.4 ■ LED
Standard- lO.tXMJ mHi, 10 ppiti lOAO^C.
Optioflfl] Micro- power ovflivO.l ppm 20-40"' C
a 15 VAC® 350 ma
7 DIGITS 525 MHz $99
WIRED
SPEClFtCATIONS;
Range: Sensitivity:
Resolution:
Display: Time hasec Power:
20 Hz to 525 MHf
Less than 50 MV to 1 50 MHz
Uss than 1 50 MV to SOO MHi
1.0 Hz {5 MHa ran&e)
10,0 Hi (50 MHz rAitgeJ
100.0 Hz(50O MHz range)
7 digits 0,4' LED
1,0 ppniTCXO20 40X
12 VACJ^ 250 ma
The CT-70 breaks the price barrier on lab quality frequency counters. Deluxe feat lines such a^ three frequency ranges- each with pre annpEifi cation, dual selectable gate times, and gate activity indication make measurefnents a snap. The wide frequency range etiabies you to accLiralely measure signals from audio tkni UHF with 1 .0 ppm accuracy- thaf s .0001%! The CT-70 is the adsw'er to all your measurement needSi, in the Held, lab ar ham shack.
PRICES:
CT-70 wired, 1 year warranty CT-70 Kit, *0 day parts war- ranty
AC-1 AC adapter BP-1 Nicad pack + AC adapter/ charger
S99M
7 DIGITS 500 MHz $79
PRICES:
|
MINHOO wired, 1 year |
|
|
warranty |
S79.95 |
|
MINI- 100 Kit, 90 day part |
|
|
warramy |
59,95 |
|
AC Z Ac adapter for MINI- |
|
|
100 |
3.95 |
|
BP-Z Nicad pack and AC |
|
|
adapter/ charter |
12,95 |
Hene's a handy, general purpose counter that provides most counter funclions at an Udbehevable price. The MINI- 100 doesn't have the fulE frequency range or input impedance qualities found in higher price Linits< but for basic ItF signal me^$uremciits^ it can't be beal^ Accurate measurements can be made from 1 MHz all the way tip to 5 00 MHz with excellent sensitivity throughout the range, and the two gate dmc^ let you select the resolutioii desired Add the nicad pack option and the MINI- 100 makes an ideal addition to your tool box for "in- the- field" frequency checks and repairs.
WIRED
SPEClFTCATJONSb
Range;
Sensitivity:
Resolution:
Display, Time base: Power
I MHz !o 500 MHz Less than 35 MV 100 Hz {slow gate) L 0 KH2 (fast gate) 7 digits, 0.4" LED 2.0 ppm 20^40° C 5 VDC (ft 200 ma
8 DIGITS 600 MHz $159
WIRED
SPECiPtqATIQNS:
Range Scnsilivitj^
Kesolutioni
Display: Time base] Power
20 Hz to 600 MHz The CT-50 is a versatile lab bench counter that will measure up to600 MMz
L^ss than 25 mv to I 50 MHz withS digit precision. And, one ofitsbejit features is the Receive Frejquency
Adapter, which turns the CT-50 into a digital readout for any receiver. The adapter is easily pfogrammcd for any receiver and a simple connection to the receivef s VFO is all that is required for use. Adding the receiver adapter in no way limits the operation of the CT-51}. the adapter can be conveniently switched on or off, The CT-50, m counter that can work double^ duty?
Less than 150 mv to 600 MHz 1 .0 Hz (60 MHz range) LO.O Hz (600 MHz range) 8 digits 0.4" LED 2,0 ppm 20-40'C 110 VAC or 12 VDC
FRICESc
CT-50 wired, I year warranty
CT-50 Kit, 90 day parti
warranty
RA-I. receivef adapter kit
RA-1 wired and pre^progjam-
med ( send copy of receiver
schematic)
115995
J 1 9.95 14 95
DIGITAL MULTIMETER $99^
WIRED
PRICES;
DM-700 wired, I year warranty
DM 7t)0 Kit, 90 day parts
warranty
AC- 1, AC adaptor
HP :?, NIcad pack +AC
adapter/ chargjer
MP- 1, Probe kit
$99.95
79.95
3.95
19.95 2.95:
The DM '700 offers prafessiona] ctunhty perfoririance at s hoW>viST ptic*. Features include; 26 different ranges and 5 functions, all arranged in It cotivenien tt easy to us-e format Measurements are displayed on a targ^e JM digit, ^ inch LED re^d^UI with autoniatic decimal ptaccmeot, automatic polarity, overrange indication landov^ load pfoieaion up to 1 250 voir* on All rfinges. rrb<irtg it virtually got^f-ptortfl Tht DM-700 l(>£ik.«i grr!?t, a hrahdAOmei )et black, ruf^ed ABS case witii convitnient retractabte cih h^i| rnAk^ it »ri ideal addition to any shop.
|
SPECIFICATIONS: |
|
|
DOACvoiii: |
lOOuV tol KV. 5 rangeis |
|
DO AC |
|
|
current |
0.1 uA to 2.0 Amp^ 5 ranges |
|
Resistance; |
0, 1 ohms to 20 Megohms, 6 ranges |
|
Input |
|
|
Impcdancer |
10 Megolims, DC/ AC volts |
|
Accuracy. |
10.1% basic DC volts |
|
Power |
4 "C cells |
AUDIO SCALER
For high resolution audio measuremetits, multipiies UP in frequency,
• Great for PL tones
■ Multiplies by tO or LOO
* 0.01 Hi resolution!
529.95 Kit S39 95 Wired
ACCESSORIES
Telescopic whip antenna- BNC plug. S 7.95
High impedance probe^ light loading , , . , , . 15,95
Low pass probe, for audio measurements , , 1 5 95
Direct probe, general purpose usage 12.95
Tih bail for CT 70. 90. MINl-IOO 3.95
Color burst calibration unit, eaJtbratcs counter
against color TV signal, . . ^ 14.95
COUNTER PREAMP
For meEisu ring extremely weak fiignals from LO to L^OOO
M H ; . Sma 11 size, powered by pi u u tr a nsf ormer-i ncluded.
• Flat 25 db gam
• BNC Connectors
• Great for sniffing RF with pick-up loop
S34,95 Kit S44.95 Wired
ramsey electrDnic's, inc. ^^t
2575 Baird Rd. Penfield, NY 14526
["^iTP
^&2
PHONE ORDERS CALL 716-586-3950
letyrn in ^ri^irtol fonVi F^r r^+uod Add ^•'■" for ihipping
■nturan^a ro D maMiTiLini qI t >C Ov«rieai odd I 5~''<, COO odd
f} Ordtft tind-*!' $ I 0 add S I bO N T r*iid»rifv add ?'> tax
214 73 Magazine * Decembef, 1980
n
INTRODUCING SONY'S NEW DIGITAL DIRECT ACCESS RECEIVER!
A Whole New Breed Of Radio
Innovative design Advanced lechnology. Digital key-touch tuning. The ICF-200V It's a whole new breed of radio. A receiver that supplants the conventional mufti-band concept, receiving a wide amplitude- modulated frequency range- shortwave, mediumwave and most longwave broadcasts. Plus FM. SSB and CW. Even more important, the 2001 replaces the ordinary tuning knob and dial with a direct-access tuning keyboard and a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) for digital ffequency readout Which make the unit as easy to use as a pocket calculator Instant, direct-access tuning modes and six memory-station presets assure maximum ease of use. And the quarJz-crystal, frequency-synthesized circuitry behind them assures outstanding reception. Receplfon of local broadcasts and exciting news, music, sports, entertamment and information from around the world. You II get the inside, local news storfes from foreign countnes exclusfve coverage of world sports events ,. plus everything from informal "ham " to marine communicatfons All at your fingertips.
Key-Touch Tijntng
To tune a station manually you simply punch in the station frequency numerals on the direct-access, digital tuning keyboard. Press the "Execute" key and the command «s entered, the station is received and LCD readout confirms tuning. If you punch in an incorrect frequency by mistake, the ICF-20O1 tells you to "Try Again" by flashing those words on the display The instant, fingerttp tuning provides total accuracy and convenience And the LCD digital frequency display confirms the exact, drrft-free signal reception.
Automatic Scanning
In auto-scan mode, the tuner can be set for continuous scanning of a given frequency range, which you set by means of upper and lower limit keys designated "L," and "L." You may want to scan an entire frequency range. For instance, the 76 to 108 MHz FM spectrum. If you want scanning to stop at any strong signal-one that reads "4^' or "5" on the LED signal- strength indicator^ switch on "Scan Auto Stop." For continuous scanning, leave the switch off, and just press the "Start/Stop" key to listen to a station or resume scanning.
Manual Tuning
Like the auto-scanning mode, manual tuning is useful for quick signal searching when you don't know particular station frequencies within a given range You simply press the "Up" or '"Down" key and the tuner does the searching for you. And if you press the Tast " key at the same time, the scanning rate increases for especially rapid station location. When you hear a broadcast you want to receive, just release the keys for instant reception, presssing the "Up" or "Down" key again if necessary for exact tuning.
Memory Presets
Alter you ve tuned a station us^ng punch-in, key-touch tuning or either scanning mode, you can enter ii in the 2001 s memory for instant, one-touch preset reception. Which means no retuning hard-to-find foreign broadcasts Plus instant access to your favorite iocal stations for music and news, Six preset buttons allow up to six stations-- in any wave range-to be memonzed And there's LCD digital readout of the memory buttons being used on each band Whats more, the upper and lower limit keys can be used as memory presets when they re not betng used tor scanning, allowing a total of eight frequencies to be memorized tor msEanL one-louch reception.
Frequency Synthesis
The 200VS direct-access tuning and outstanding reception quality are made possible by the unit's ait-band quartz ^crystal PLL ffequency synthesis. Instead of the conventional analog tuning system, with its variable tuning capacitor the 2001 incorporates an LSI and a quartz-crystal reference oscillator. Which means that the local-osctllalor frequencies used in superhetefodyntng are locked to the "synthesized" quartz reference frequencies The result is the utmost in tuning stabrlity without a trace of tuning drift. In addition, dual- conversion superheterodyning for AM assures exceptionally clean, clear reception across the entire 150-t0'29, 999k Hz spectrum
Features
FM/AfVl/SSB/GW/wEde spectrum coverage
Duai-conversion superheterodyne circuitry of AM assures
high sensitivity and interference reiection
Quartz^rystal, phase-locked-loop frequency synthesis for all bands assures the utmost tuning stability, without a trace of tuning drift
Direct-access, digital tuning keyboard and LCD digital frequency readout for quick, key-touch station selection-maximum accuracy and ease of use
Manual tuning and automatic scanning tor effortless signal searching, easy DXing
6-station presets, plus 2 auxiliary presets, for instant reception of memonzed stations on any band -plus LCD memory indication.
5-siep LED signal-strength indicator
Local/Normal/DX sensitivity selector for AM
SSB/CW compensator for low-distortion reception
Telescopic antenna, plus external antenna included
A** speaker tor toll, rich sound
Sfide*bar bass and frebJe controls
Sleep timer- with LCD readout- can be set m lO-mmute increments for up to 90 minutes of play before automatic radio shut -off
Only
$299
95
Ptus $S,00 S&H (Conn U.S,A. Only}
1^67
PHONE: (312) 848-6777
•
INC. — 1009 GARFIELD ST.. OAK PARK. ILL.-60304
AZDEN • NEW! • AZDEN •
EWI * AZDEN -k NEWI * AZDEN
THE GIANT
COMPANY
REVOLUTIONIZES THE STATE OF THE ART
INTRODUCE THE BRILLIANT NEW PCS" 2800
llvl
AND
MICROCOMPUTER CONTROLLED
SUPERIOR COMMERCIAL GRADE
•IM
FM TRANSCEIVER
FALL SALE
Ft ♦ ^:: rf ■:•:• • *::* ;j
|
AZDEN |
1''^ -^^m- 'iH^ |
|
|
PeS-2800 |
jmmm |
|
|
r |
( f 1 f f 1 M A * M |
|
|
> .^. « |
^i |
' • L' C |
|
• • • • • |
UHt '■ |
|
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\J% MA» |
■H^^B^ttfUi&tSii^&nH |
|
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• |
• |
KM
r r
lOOK
\J- \J.-
HGH/XXm TOL4SQL
1 A JK MV^CT A.
WVt^Nf
Ml
l&m.
mastet cfhangt-
V7S4-
• *.*.
COMPARE THESE FEATURES WITH ANY UNIT AT ANY PRICE
FREQUENCY RANGE: Receive and transmit: 28.000 to 29.995 MHZp 10KHZ steps with builHn + 100 KHz repeater offset. ALL SOLID STATE-CMOS PL DIGITAL SYNTHESIZED. SIZE: UNBELIEVABLE! ONLY 6 3/4" X 2 3/9" X 0 3M".C0MPAREr MICROCOMPUTER CONTROLLED: All scannlnQ and frequency- control functions are performed by mtcrocomputer. DETACHABLE HEAD ; IhB control head may be separated from the radio for use in limtted spaces and for security purposes. StX-CHANNEL MEMORY: Each memory is re-programmable- Memory is retained even when the unit is turned off. MEMORY SCAN: Ihe six channels may be scanned in either the **busy" or "vacant" modes for quick, easy location of an occupied Of unoccupied frequency. AUTO RESUME. COMPARED FULL-BAND SCAN ; All ct^annels may be scanned in either "busy" or "vacant" mode. This is especially useful for locating repeater frequencies in an unfamiliar area. AUTO RESUME. COMPARED INSTANT MEMOfiY-1 RECALL: By pressing a button on the microphone or front panel, memory channel 1 may b© recalled for immediate use.
MiC-CONTROLLED VOLUME AND SQUELCH: Volume and squelch can be adjusted from t^f micrQpho,ne for convenience in mot) lie operation.
DIRECT FREQUENCY READOUT; LED display s^o^? operaUng frequency, NOT channel number. COMPARE! TEN (10) WATTS OUTPUT: Also 1 watt low power for shorter
distance communications, LED readout displays power selection when transmitting.
DIGITAL S/RF METER: LEDs indicate signal strength and power output. No more mechanical meter movements to fall apart! LARGE Vs-fNCH LED DISPLAY: Easy-to-read frequency display minimizes ''eyes-off-the-road" time,
PUSHBUTTON FREQUENCY CONTROL FROM MIC OR FRONT PANEL : Any frequency may be selected by pressing a microphone or front-panel switch.
SUPERIOR RECEIVER SENSITIVITY: 0.28 uV for 20-dB quieting. The squelch sensitivity is superb, requiring less than 0.1 uV to open. The receiver audio circuits are designed and built to exacting specif ications^ resulting in unsurpassed received-signal intelligibility,
TRUE FM, NOT PHASE MODULATION: Transmitted audio quality rs optimized by the same high standard of design and construction as is found in the receiver. The microphone amplifier and com- pression circuits offer IntetiSgibility second to none, OTHER FEATURES: Dynamic Microphone, built in speaker, mobile mounting bracket, external remote speaker jack (head and radio) and much, much more. All cords, plugs, fuses, microphone hanger, etc. included. Weights fbs.
ACCESSORIES: tS^ REMOTE CABLE.... 35.00 FMPS-4R A/C POWER SUPPLY.... $39. 95. TOUOHTONE MIC/ KtT....$39.96. EXTERNAL SPEAKER.,., $18.00.
AMATEUR-WHOLESALE ELECTRONICS order now toll free
8S17 S.W. 129th Terrace, Miami. Florida 33176 Telephone {305} 233-3631 • T^lex: 80-33Be
Hours; 9-5 hfton.Fri. j^^ *^^
US. DISTRIBUTOR ^^^m DEALER INQUmiES INVITED
GREDITCARD HOLDERS MAY USE OUR TOtr FREE ORDERING NUMBER.
RAMSEY ELECTRONICS ^62 Inc.
PARTS WAREHOUSE
We now have available a bunch of goodfes too good to bypass Items are limited so order today
2575 Baird Rd. Penfield, NY 14526
716-586-3950
MINI KrTS - YOU HAVE SEEN THESE BEFORE NOW
HERE ARE OLD FAVORITE AND NEW ONES TOO.
GREAT FOR THAT AFTERNOON HOBBY.
FM
MINI
MIKE
r
A Super hi^h peftqrmance FM w'wr^ Jess mike hut! Tfgnsmits a stable signal up to 3W yards wJlh escep- tiorraJ aydto quaiit/ by means of its buill in electret mfke. Kit includes case, mike on-otf switch, anten-na. baltery and sypenn^lruct^ona. This is fN6 finest unit available.
FM-3 Kit *14,f5
FM3 Wired and Tested 19,95
Color Organ
See music come ali^e! S different lights flici^er with musrc One light each for, high, mid-range and lows Each indr- vfdualiy adjust- able and dnves up to 300 W runs on 110 VAC
Complete Kit, ML-1
sa.95
Vlc»ftD Modulator Kit
Con reel's any TV to vidso moniE-or Super SI able tunable o^er cb. 4-6 Ruos on S- 16V ac::c&pts std vid&os'Q^ai B«^iur«ncin the mafkfil! Compiftie ktl. VO-i iT.St
L«d Blinhy K»
A great aEterition get- ler which alternately Hashes 2 jumbo LEDs. Use tor name badges, buttons, warning panel light*, anyihing! Run$ on 3 10 15 voltS. Complete kit, BL-1 S2M
Sup«r SlAuth
Asyper$ensitive ampM- fi^r which will pick up 9 pin drop at 15 feet! Greal for monilonng babys room or as general pur- pose amplifier FuN 2 W rms Output, runs on 6 to 15 voJis uses 8-45 ohm speaker Complele kit, BM-9
S5.95
CPO-1
Runs on 3-12Vdc 1 wall ouL 1 KHZ nood for CPO. Alarm, Audio OsciMator Complete kil S2.9S
CaK Your Ptione Order in Today TERMS: Saffsfactlon guaranteed or money refunded. C.O.D. add $2.00. Minimum order $6.00. Orders under $10,00 add $1.50. Add 6% for postage, insurance, handling. Overseas add 15%. N.Y. residents add 7% tax.
CLOCK KITS
Vour oJd favorhet flr« here again. Ov«r 7.000 Said to Date. Be one of the gang and Qr4vr /oum today!
Try your hand at building the finest looking clock on the market Its satin finish anodized aluminum case looks great anywhere, while six .4" LED digits provide a highly readable display This is a complete kit. no extras needed, and it only takes 1-2 hours to assembie Your choice of case colors: silver, gold, black (specify).
Clock kit. 12/24 hour. DCS $24.95
Clock with 10 mrn ID timer. 12/24 hour, DC-10 $29-95
Alarm clock, 12 hour only, DC-8 $29,95
12V DC car clock, DC-7 $29.95
For wired and tested clocks add $10 00 to ktt price.
SPECIFY 12 OR 24 HOUR FORMAT
FM Wlr«l«» Mlk« Kit
Transmits up to 300' to any FM broadcast ra- dio, uses any type of mike Buns on 3 to 9V Type FM-2 has added sensittve mfke preamp stage
fM-1 kil $3. as FM-2 kit $4.95
Whisper Light Kil
An interesting kit. small mike
picks up sounds and converts them to light. The louder the sound, the brighter the light, rncludes mike, controls up to 300 W. runs on 110 VAC. •Comptete kit, WL-1 $€.95
Tone Decoder A complete lone deco- der on a smgle PC board Features 400-
5000 Hz adjustable range via SOturn pot. voliage regu- lation 567 IC Us&fu! tor touch- tone burst detection. FSK etc Can also be used as a stable tone encoder Runs on 5 to 12 volts Complete kit. TD-i S5.95
Car Clock
The UN-KfT. only 5 solder connections
H^f^ 5 9 sijp^r loohii^g. ru-^i^ti^ -.pri d accurcile ^ut^ cIckc:^ which i^ a snap 'o build and insi^ll Clock mo^f^mE^n! is complfli^iy assenrbisd — you only solder 3 *ire5, antj .? switches tafces abouT 15 minute^i DispJay is brtgni tjraen w\in automate bfignjness cofilfoi phctocell — assuFeS you ol a tit^hiy rpad!ab<e display (ijy or m^ght Comes m a salm finish anadifed aSunnnym Cflse whiith cgn beairath^cj 5 rdiflerient ways usmgJsided Tape Choice of sM^/er. blscii or gold cese fspecify)
DC-a hit ^2 hCJur lormal OC'3 wrced and lasted
Onivertal Timer Kit
Provides the basic parts ar)d PC
board required lo provide a source of precision Eimimg and pulse generation Uses 555 timer fC and ir>ciudes a range of parts (or most tjming n&eds
UT-5 Kil S5.9S
Mad Blaster Kit
Produces LOUD ear Shattering and adention igetting siren like sound Can Bupply up to 15 waEI;^ of obnoxious audio. Runs On fi-l^ VDC
f^4B-1 Kil S4,t5
Siren Kit Produces upward and downward wail characteristic of a police siren. 5 W peak audio output, runs on 3-15 voits. uses 3-45 ohm speaker. Complete kit. SlVI-3 S2.95
CalendJir Alarm Clock
The clock Thai's got it air 6-.5" LEDs. 12/24 hour, snpoze. 24 hour alarm. A year calendar bahery backup an^ lots more The Super TOOl Chip \& used Size 5j<4?<2 inches Complete h\l less case (not available^ OC-9 534,35
Under Dath Car Clock
Ai<7^ f^Oiit JC.\Qck m a tifrdLi'rirui p^a^ricca&pre^lurei Q jumhQ A£C] U^DS- riigri accuracy iDDl*^! eas^ 3 Wife ftaaUiip d^sfiiay blanks wi[h ^gi^ilion. an-d
Sup^f I nsJifijcl ions. OpIiU^al d^immm- flt(jCiJT7pl4c:Jli'y 3-d|US(5 ^►Splav ro ambiErur 5ig.hl \VVB\
DC It csoch («il^ mrq br^dtei tir&Skfl
DM 1 diFTitnPT *d*pr<'i II.M
so Hit TI m« Bas*
miri-iTiOOllfi ftCflllfUCy TB? Kn IS.iD
TB-7 Assjf. 59.95
PARTS PARADE
Video Termir^al
A tumpllil-^ry fuli-nOrtlflinird SlSndfllone !■ Mpy r^r'rm;)U;iirrl R4njUirw3'On1v tfrt A^CH l<i?vt?CiifFll4n<J TV St? la Decomt a compieff? rerm ina* itn\ I F ^a^jf es are ^i nqta *tV su ppJy J'T A L conl^oi led sync a"0 eaut! r^ires Urt geOOl CfinlpU^ie CCmticJie-r arm kPyhOflrrt<:i:>nrralO'l 5':in4fii Paul y Sri'iJ* OOnrnjl art t? rfi^rN^'V ALxepIs and g-enefaies ^er-Jfli ASCII plLkaparalrEi t^yPoam inpul The'6flT6 i&C< char bv Tonnes wern siifoJluiq u^pi-.i afirf lower i.sis rijpJiortaK' ^ithJ H*s F*S?3? arirl.JOrr'm Uiof- iriipr';*^*'^ iir^ hivAt-d Wriiv inducJi.' 'sorkefs and crsmpisJe documpnlatrpn
Rt SW1&. i«fmifial card * IT (flefff SeofW ItiT wrr»g uflni ilBS 95
Lowpi' Cast op'rinn t13 96
^otvei fi.Lipply $14 9S
nf WOctL.laJrjT ml t7 9S
IC SPECIALS
UNEAR
3ai
3BQ
3900
^
$1.S0
$1.Q0
it. 00 it 00
tt.2S
I ^0 S 50
12. as $2.95
TTL
|
74S00 |
S .40 |
|
7447 |
».6S |
|
7475 |
S .&0 |
|
7490 |
% .50 |
|
74196 |
SI 35 |
SPECIAL
4Dn
4013 4D4E
4059 45 IT 451S 5639
CMOS
^flP
..50 50
$im
50 59^00 $2.00 $1.35 S1.75
READOUTS
FND .355 r CC tl.OO
FhiD 507^610 5'C A 1.0D
hi AN 72 f HPT T3Q 33"C A 1.-(J0
HP rear 43"c.a a.«
11C90 icni6
72-09
7 207 A
7?ieD
7107C
5314
537SAB/G^
7001
$15.00 $ 1.25 $17.50 S 5,50 $21,00 S12.50 $ 2.95 S 2,95 $ 6.50
Assurlmeru of Popular vafues - '^ watt. Cut lead for F^C mounting. '4" centir, 'A" laads. bag oC 300 or more
$1,&a
Switches MinF toggle SPOT *1 .00
Retf Pushhultons NO 3/^1 .00
Earphones
speakers alarm cEocki elc 5 for $1.00
Mini 6 onm &p«8l<:«T
ApfhKOx :?'-i" diam Round lyjse (Or radios rrnke-CtC
3 iDT (Z.OfI
Crystals
3 579545 MHZ $1.50
10.00000 MHZ S5.00
5 248600 MHZ t5,00
AC AdAfMar«
Good lor ciocks. mead criargers,all 1 lO VAC plug one- and
a6vdc<&20mA %^.m
ia vac C*^ iBOmA $2.50
12. vac & 25am A |3.(HJ
^olid SEflte Buzjert
small nuf^er 4M> H? 65 dB gcJwnd Wtpvl tjn a-12 ii^di; 3i lO-M rpA TTL Compalibl* $1-50
FERRITE BEADS
1»/tt.M S/lT.QO
Wirn inlo an-d apecs 6 l-i[}lf Balun Beads
TRANSISTORS
|
2N39Q4 NPN 0*F |
15/IT.QO |
|
?N3«fi PNP C*F |
ia/fi.M |
|
ZN4403 PNP C*f |
IS^tLDD |
|
JN-UlOHPNC'F |
13/t1.« |
|
jN«l$FeTC*F |
4y|lOQ |
|
2lM§40i PNP C-f |
5/ti.oa |
|
^MWWC*F |
4/f1.<Kl |
|
2Na7n NPNSiNcon |
tl.H |
|
2N51T9 UWF NPN |
if$2M |
|
Po«4r Tab NPN 4i3W |
Jl/t1« |
|
Powwr Tift PMP 40W |
i/in |
|
MPF ia?.''2H54S4 |
*.M |
|
NPN 3804 T^p*. T^n |
50/13.30 |
|
F*(P 3W6 Typ* T*R |
90it3m |
|
aN3M5 |
%M |
|
3N3«4« LUT |
3/1300 |
Socliets
8 Pin 10/$2.00
14 Pin 10/S2.00
16 Pin 10/12.00
24 Pin 4/12.00
28 Pin 4/$2.CM)
40 pin 3/ $2.00
Dtod««
S 1 V Zener 20/$1.0O lN9l4Type 50/ $1.00 lKV2Amp e/t1-00
lOOVlAfnp 1S/$1.00
$lug Tuned CoiJs
SmaH 3''1G" Hex Slugs turned coil 3 tums 10 for $1.00
AC OtiX\€t
PianeJ MounT with Leads 4/(1.00
Audio Prescai«r
Make hfgh resolution audio measurnnent&. great tor rriiiS-Jcai rnstrumeni tuning.. PL tones, etc. MultipliesaucfioUPinfrequeiicy. selectable xiO or x.100, gives Gi HZ resolutton wit^i i sec gate time' High sensitivity of 25 mv. ^ meg mput z and built-in tillering gives great pefformance. Runs on 9V battery, atr CMOS PS-2 kit $?9.95
PS-2 wired t3a,95
600 MHz PRESCALER
»* M.H'.W II III
5*
Extend the range of yojf counter to 600 MHz Works with all counters. Less than 150 mv serisifivjty. specify -
10 or -10Q
Wired, tested, Kit, PS-1B
PS- IB S59.&5 $44.95
CAPACITORS
TANTALUM
1.5 uF55V3/$1.00 l.a UF 25V3/S1 00 ,22uF25V3/$1.00
ALUMINUM
f i^C rrcjry I If;
lOiX! iiF l&V R^jtiJii (.90 SDG uF 20V AhiaJ t.SO :SQ uF i6V AxiBiS/iLM EOyF ISVRad-^al 10/(1.00
DISH CEPAMIC
{li r&v liijh jQ/it 00 1 lev ii/tf.«^
HB pf M/*1 .M
0I7 1.&U 20.'S1.»
DC^DC Cdnv«rtvr
S vdc input proil -9 vdc @ Mma ' 9 vdc proU ucfta i S vetc (5) .35^m ia fl . 2S
?5K 20 Tom Tnm Pol *!.(» 1 K 2Q Tarn TriTH F^l S -SO
Ceramic IF Filters
Mini ceramic tutors 7 kHz
B.W, 456 kHz $1.50 ea.
"IE
Trlflimtr Cofit Sprague • i'40 pi
Stable Poiypfopyienfl .50 H,
30 Watt 2 tnir PWR AMP
Simpfe Class C power amp features 8 tinnes power gain 1 W in forSout. 2 Win for 15 out. 4W in for 30 out Max output of 35 W. (ncredibfe valu^i complete with afi parts, less case and T-R relay. PA-1. 30 W pwr amp kit S22.95
TR-1, RF sensed T-R relay kit 6.9S
MHF-238 iransistof as used in PA-i a-lOdb gam l&O mhz $11.95
RF actuated relay senses RF
(IW) and closes DPDT relay
For RF sensed T-R reJay
TR-1 Kit $6.95
Power Supply KM
Conapiete triple regulated power
supply provides variable 6 to i 9 volts al 200 ma and +5 al 1 Amp. Excejlenl load rBguiatign. good filtering and small size Less transformers requires6 3V Mf 1 A and 24 VCT CompJele kit. PS-3LT $6.95
Cryitfll Microphone
Small T" diameter !a" thick crystal mike cartridge S.7S
25 AMP 100V Bridge $1.50 each
Mini-Bridge 50V
1 AMP
2 for $1.00
Co«M Confiector
Chassis mount BNC type $1.00
Mini RG-174 Coax 10 ft. for $1.00
9 VoH bmiivtf Ciip»
Htce^ quad illy clips £ i<tr St.OQ
**■ RuCil>er Gronnin*[« 10 Iqr t1, 00
OP^AMP Special Bl-FET LF 13741 ■ Oireci pin (or pin 741 compatible, bul 500 000 MEG mpul i. super low 50 pa input current, lo* power dram SO tor only $«.(K> 10 for %2M
Pari! Bbb
AhU -0-1 chDkfls -liitc C10E.. lanl retisrors
lrariS"s1drs. diodes MICA caps elr
tm |>*a 000 fHJI (1-00 Ifl fta^ (."WJO p<i) t?.iO
Connacton
6 pin lype gold cofilacts tor fnA-l0O3 car cioefc module price .TS *«.
l^tct* - your choice, please specrfy
Mini Red, Jumt>o Red. High (rrlenaity Red, Jilumff^alor Red B/$1
Mini Vellow. Jumbo Yellow, Jumbo Green fi/i1
V«rBctDn ^kitorola MV ?W9 30 PF Nominal cap 20-60 PF - Tuna&ie range ■
,9« «Kh w a/trw
78MG 79MG 723 309K
7805
«1.2S
t1.2&
S.S0
$1,15
$1.00
rai2
7915 790S 7t12
79t5
*1-00 $1 00
$125 SI. 2 5
Shrink Tubtng Nub*
Nic« precut pees of sficinii ^i-ze- 1" x '•'*" shnnl( to '■«" Gf^al for splices SO/flrOC
Mini TQ-92 H«pt Sirrks
Tnerrria Nov" Brand 5 to4' f 1,00
To-220 Heat Sinks 3 for $1,00
Opto Isolators - 4N28 type
Opto Reflectors - Photo diode + LED
ir^tft
$.50 69.
$1.00 ea.
Wol« Ptns
Mctew aJready pfBcuT in t&ngiii ol 7 Peri 6ct lor 14 pin sockets ZQ atrlpi for tl.OO
CDS Pbolocallt
Resistance- varres with ligfrl. HQ Ohms to
ow^r 3 meg 3 fo< tT.pO
1^ n&ader Service— see page 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 217
TAKE YOUR PICK
these prices are NOT misprint's !
Here (s a chance to stock up yojr iabat unprecendented prices... we've got to move Ihese Out to make room for our ever- expanding Oofi^Pro" division. Umited quantilias - firs! come, firat setv^. Sorry, at these low prices wb cannot include spec sheets or accept COD/ telephone orders. Part numbers must include the special *S suffix or you wili be Charged our regular prices. Parts rmy be house numt>ered or have dual markings. This is your chance to save!
TTL
|
7403^ |
Quad 2 inpui OC |
2lrt2 |
|
7410-5 |
Triple 3 mput NANO |
2irS2 |
|
r4i3^ |
4 to 16 line decoder/demux |
6/S2 |
|
743S-$ |
Ou^ 2 inpul N AND DQ |
2irS2 |
|
7444-S |
Gray lo decimaJ decoder |
B/$Z |
|
J4SQ^ |
And-OT'invofl |
2i;S2 |
|
7472^ |
JK MS fNp tlop |
21f$2 |
|
rms^ |
4 t>it binary counter |
lom |
|
749&S |
5 bit shifi refliste* |
12^2 |
|
74122^ |
RelJiggdfabie 0<i9-fitiiK |
16«2 |
|
74151-$ |
B ctiHml muK |
Bn2 |
|
r4lS5-S |
Dual 2/4 demux |
3/S2 |
|
741 S9-S |
4 lo 16 line decodori'demux OC |
4IS2 |
|
74161-$ |
Synchro 4 bir binary counter |
ftISS |
|
?41§3^ |
Sytichro 4 bit btnary coimter |
Bin |
|
74104^ |
8 bit shift leg^er |
fitt2 |
|
74190^$ |
UfMowft d€C4de counter |
At%2 |
|
74192-S |
Up/doMm binarv counter |
*m |
|
74134-S |
4 bit bidirectional shttt reg |
4i%2 |
|
74195-S |
4 M oarallcf ^\U reQiSier |
G/S2 |
|
7413«^5 |
8 bil ^ilt r^kstsr |
4^2 |
CMOS
|
4012-S |
Dual 4 mput NAND |
tmz |
|
402f:KS |
14 stage counter |
mi |
|
4023^ |
Triple 3 Inpul NAND |
12/S2 |
|
4044-S |
Quad H-S Latch |
4^^ |
|
4046^ |
Phase locked (oop |
mst |
|
407 1-S |
Quad 2 inpul OR |
12;S2 |
|
40^3-S |
Quad 2 in NAND SciWiitl trig |
4;S2 |
|
4M7^ |
Quad EXCfR |
4f$2 |
|
4510^ |
BCD up^down counter |
2;$2 |
LINEARS
|
tpoickaoa tyi? |
K H ^ TOQtJ. M ^ mlnidlp, 0 = dip, TK |
= wmi |
|
201 H-S |
Improved 301 op amp |
^0t%2 |
|
aOBH-S |
Micfopowor op amp |
m2 |
|
703H-S |
RF/IF amp |
m%2 |
|
7230-S |
Voltage regjfator |
6(52 |
|
74tM-S |
Compensated op amp |
i5;$2 |
|
145eM-S |
DuGl 741 |
10JS2 |
|
4&5eM-S |
OUfll741 |
tmt |
|
4195TK-S |
Dual track 15V reg w/data |
2/S2 |
TO-220 NEGATIVE
VOLTAGE
REGULATORS
7906-5
7»&^S
7t12S
73hltl&^
7118-5
7924-$
6V rG^ulator €V regulator 12V regutaior ■1SV regulator ■18V regulator '24V regulator
2fS2
2m
2/S2 2/S2 2fS2
2/12
OTHER SEMICONDUCTORS
srni
100^95 10afS7.a5 lODTSS.SS
5i%2 Af%2JSa
• GeneraJ purpose silicon signal diodes
• GT5306 NPf^ darlingion, min gain
17000, 2SV ^30 mA. T092 padcsge
• NPN trans^tof Stmita/ 2N3904
• PHP transistor similar 2N3906
• 4N28^ optOHCOupier 6 pin menj<Jtf»,
MCT-2/IL-1 pinout ■ SN76477'S cofnpiesi soufHJ generator " Op to- Isolator Grat) Ba§ ^ 50 mixed optc- tsolalDTs 1rE>m a major man u fact uner Un- marked 6 and S lead minidips include slngEe and duii Vfpm wtlh diocle, transistor, and darl- ington outputs. Test tliem yourself and &ave» Mot recom mef*ded for beginner. 50154
SAVE!
SOLDERTAIL SOCKET SPECIAL
Now ttiat you've got the ICs. get some so€f(et& at a tant^tic pricel
14 pin: 16 pm: 16 pin:
S0r$4,95 50/S4.95 50JS4.dS
20 pin: 24 pin: 2Spin:
it) pin:
40/S4.95 aQiS4JS
30^4J& 2fWS4.9S
74LS TTL
74LS00 74LSD1
74LS*^
74LS04
74LS05
74LS0e
74LS10
74LS1 1
74LS12
74LS14
T4t^l5
74LS20
T4LS21
741522
74LS26
74LS27
74LS30
74LS32
74LS33
74LS37
74LS3a
74LS42
74LS47
74LS4B
74LS74 74LS75 74LS76 74LSe6
74LS109 74 LSI 23 74LS125 74 LSI 26 74LS132 74LS136 74LSl3e 74LS139 74LS151
S0.34 D.34 §.34 0.3S 0,44 0.34 0.34 0.40 0.34 2.20 QM 0.34 0.4D 0.40 04S 0.42 0,34 D.46 0.60 D.4S 0.4a 1.56
tea
1.68 0.54 0,82 0.50 0.58 0.62 1,70 087 0.87 1.50 0.69 1.87 1.87 1.66
|
74LS154 |
2-10 |
|
74LS155 |
t.87 |
|
74LS1S7 |
1.57 |
|
74LS160 |
2,2a |
|
74LS161 |
aifl |
|
74LS162 |
220 |
|
74LS163 |
2J8 |
|
74LSl6d |
375 |
|
74LS169 |
375 |
|
F4LS173 |
208 |
|
74LS174 |
2.05 |
|
74LS175 |
1.9S |
|
74LS1&1 |
3.50 |
|
74LS192 |
3.05 |
|
74LS195 |
1.S? |
|
74LS221 |
\JQ |
|
74LS2dO |
2.50 |
|
74LS241 |
2.50 |
|
74LS244 |
2.50 |
|
74LS257 |
1,95 |
|
74LS25B |
2.02 |
|
74LSa66 |
0,69 |
|
74LS273 |
2.91 |
|
74LS283 |
2.02 |
|
7413365 |
0,88 |
|
74LS366 |
0.86 |
|
74LS367 |
0.86 |
|
74LS368 |
0.88 |
|
74LS386 |
0.69 |
|
SOLS05 |
o.ae |
|
80LS96 |
0.88 |
|
eOLS97 |
0,68 |
|
B0LS98 |
0.B6 |
|
B1LS96 |
2.10 |
|
61LS96 |
2,10 |
|
81LS97 |
2,10 |
|
aiLS9B |
2.10 |
MORE TRANSISTORS AND FETS
2M2221 NPN TO-IS unmarked mtJOO
2N2222 PNP Tai8 unmarked BAIJNI
2112907 A PNP plastic tvouse # 5^1.00
3^3055 NPN 10-2 house i 1/S0.75
2N3a04 NPN tO-105 bouse U 5fSt.0d
2N3906 PNP TaiOS rvouge # 5*$1.00
2144124 30Vr350 mW TO'92 3(91,00
2N4304 TD-18 plastic N-JFET gen uum 2/Sl.OO
2114400 NPN plastic house f St%tm
2f#4917 PNPTO-106 5/S1.00
2W4946 NPN TO- 106 6f%iM
2Nsa27 PtJP 10-92 30V iJSl OO
2NS306 NPN TO 92 daitingtort 3/11.00
2N5449 NPN Wtl.OO
2N54B4 RF N^FET W1.00
D4mi PNPTO-202 lA maj{ 1WL50
D44C4 NPN TO220 4A/55V 1/S0.7S
D4SC4 PNP TO'2^ 4A/&5V 1«0.7S
D45He PNP Ta220 TOA/eOV 31^00
MP&3694 NPN genpUTp 4^100
FPT100 PhototranSj&tOf 1^^.50 FtT-2 Dual N-JFET TO-18 sim 2H4416 artl.oo
FET-3 Duai N-JFET to miise audio 2/S1,D0
FET-6 Gen purp dual gate MOSFET 3/S2.0O house #
16K DYNAMIC RAMS
6A37.
Ummsi price ever on e>ne of our most popular items. Expands mernory in TRS-^' -I and II. as we I i as rnac bines rf^ade by Ap- ple, Exidv. Heath H39, newer PETs, etc* Low power, speed (4 MHz). Add S3 for dip shufits plus TRS-SO" converBion instruc- tions. Limited quantity — first come, first
served., ^^^^^^^ "^ ^ tranefnam of mm Tandy Qorp&faifMi
^pv^ H8 MEMORY
Qf0^ 32K for $549 !
Limited quantify; 32 K ot static memoTY \n kit (not uoktt) form. Includes all parts, sock- ets tor all ICs, documentation, mounting bracket, etc. With solder-masked, double- sided, fully legended tsoartj lor easy assem- bly. H you own an Hfl, this is your chance to obtain top-notch memory — witfiout pay- ing top-notch prices.
MA1003 CLOCK
MODULE -$14.95
Our VBjy best clock module operates trom 12V DC and Inctudes an internal limebaae accurate to 0.01 %p making W ideal for mobile applications in your car, van, or boat Blue-green fjou ascent readouts don't wash out during the day, and look greai at night. Easy to build: just hook up power^ add two time'Setting switches, and you've got one Df the best clock modules on the road With ap- plicaticin note that shows you how loget th^i most out of your MA1Q03.
Also available: ctocK/case combinatior>. For S19.9S, we'll include a matching case, with mounting hardware and optical ftlter, along with the MA1003.
TERMS; Cai res add tax. Aitow 5% for sniirping-. eicess ratuiHted, Orders under $15 add Si tiandfcmg ViSA*r Mastefcarcf* wdef^ (S25 minlf call Ofur ?4 houf ordfrr desk at f<>S> 5^2-^36 COO OK *ith street address for UPS PLEA^ HOTE: TELEPHONE OAOCRS AND COOS ARE NOT AUOWCD ON SPECIALS LISTED ABOVE Sale C^ices good ihroi^ cower fnonth ot mjtoa£tf)e. oth«r prices subject to change wtttioul notice
GOD BOUT ELECTRONfCS Sidg 725, OakUnd AirporL CA 94€U
FREE FLYEJtThis ad isonly the fip ot Iha icet>erg; our c ; Is) Is the res! af the Story Add 41
eem& i ^larnps lor Isi class delivery Oulside USA. mclutte $2 to cover postage jretundabia With o'der!} Thsnh you fof foar bus-iness!
218 TSMagaitne • December, 1980
Semjconducttx
• ^
-^ 1
*•
I,
u U 0 0
Clock Modufes
12VIIC ALtTOMOTlVEi
CLOCfC * In dAid^ •UTOClnckt
nv ciociit
•iaVDCOR«r Inftru.
f«nur«:Bright0.3" flrnifn cJiffilay. Inteirml Rrv^tBUlme- havi .lO-^ ^liC' /ddv oecuf . Au tu. d i&piay ht lyh tiieii oo n ^r a I to^tq- Dhsi>iBv culior riltDT^bld' tn blue, b I u HiiiirtnS n^ t)r*^&n Si <^Bi\on. Cof<niy\iHri [uft add iwiTches sn.cl 1«nt-
i*.
MA1Q03IVfodule
$16.35
mA 1 0(23 ^7" torn Cotl Diqita 1 1 E D C Hoch tiK^uU B 35
MAItiae .7"Oi«.L£OAl9mi{:icx^.-Th4ritionMt» 1^-95
MA5A36 .3" Low C«l tHohal tED Ctodt/Turw 6.SS
MA 1002 S'LED Di»i*v Dig Ckict & K^Ofm»f ^55
;3 r^ahonal Semiconductor
RAM SALE
MM5290J-2 (MK4n6/UPD4i&}. . , $6.95 each
IGK DVNA^fllC RAM [IBOtVS?
\U EACH S40.-95) 11 CHI EACH S56O,0OAi>tl
MM5298J-3A , S3.25 each
BK OVISlAMIC R,AIVI (LOW HALF DP 1^1^5290^1 200NS [a EACH S33.BB) f TOO EACH £250.00/1 ot)
MM21 14-3 .•,,,,, S5J5 each
*K STATIC RAM tSQQNS)
1 8 EACH $43 .9S» 1 1 00 BACH £450.DO/T4>f I
MM21 14L'3 $6*25 each
AK ^ATtC RAM tLOW POWER 300*#SI (S EACH S44,9Sl nOO EAC ?- . IOotI
EPROM Erasing Lamp
- Ernes 27Q8, 2?1$. I^OSA. 5203a, 5204Q. «(c.
* Emss uti to 4 etupi-wiltiin 20 minutas.
* Maintains oonitint t«popjirf distanca al an* inch.
« Sp4cul ci^nductiV* foirnhnif «llimma1<t-fllticbutl'd''up.
* Built-in sffty lock to fiffwflnt UV Bmpo«ur«,.
* Comp^iit - only 7 %/W » 2 7«' * 2"
* Cci^riplAE with holdmr^ tr#v for 4 ctiv*.
UVSHE .....,,. $79.50
Jumbo 6- Dig it Clock Kit
• Four .e30"hL BDd rwo dOfTht.
connnon anod* d iV l«V»
* U«c^ MMS314 elocik dlifi « SMitthmfor hetirit mlnutiif «nd hold tLrFi4rt..Qi\i « Hours aa^tv ii^i«lAraN« 10 30 lf««t
• SJmutJIteEt wflnut Cl»
* I^&VaC opflratiOfi
+ 1:2 or 24 hour opnri^tlon
« Includes d II compionflnti^ OH ind will irinsformtr
JE747 $29.95
6-Di9it Clock Kit
-3-.g*iT J300 ft c&m*n,
• Hn. eosiiiv v>#iA^ila 10 30 fi-
• SiFnui*T«l wflfniii (JiW
• IIS VAC otw^*iJO"
« 12 Of 24 nf. CiCHfllJOO
• Incl. aU coffipon*nn, tut* Si ■A fill tfanE-forrr^tr
V C / \J t t t t t M 1. M "^ t ^Jm III w
Regulated Power Supply
Uses LM309K- Heal link ^\ — --.
provided. PC bOAid cor>- ^
itriJcriQn, Proviidei i 30^»d
1 «mp @ 5 ¥OltL Can supply ij|i
to t&V, -9V ind ' 12V Willi
JE205 Adspitt, liKludcictKTiHi-
ncnis^ hardwafe atxf ingtmcttorts,
JE200... S1495
4il
f
■--. »,j
ADAPTER BOARD -Adapts to JE200- ±5V, ±9V and 1 12V
DC/DC conyertGr with +5V input. Toriodal hi- Sipi^d switching XMFR. Short circuit pr pi BCtior). PC b«rd construclidn, Piggv^^k to JE 300 board. Size: 3>4" « 2 ' jc 9/16"H
JE205
i I -K h
*12.95
MICROPROCESSOR COMPONENTS
MWA^JinA sumMT I>E VtCEI
■w4 Qrl-«'
\fO I M^jim^'Mt tilts'' 1*1
Inicrvjt Tlinaf P*MlBhlr«l 1^ |P*»I] dM^ Cantrol Interrupt Qaw\tra\ nmpi PitDt- CRTC4[)lrgl|flP
o^HP i^im jfc-Dii^gJflw*! oiit<wi*
&QOfmim SUPPORT devices -
ICtoa.
*.m
D«t«i
4.»
444fi I 'Ss.hIIjE' Btm. T*>^i, fMOIVI
MlCnCM^nOCESSOH CHiPS
ILfNtMM ADC CF*U-*-fltt 5lk:r LCnm. TBffllV. Qf 1 W|
ir^utniM*
Hfu i-ait ceMhfij
CHU- &|r.C:ti|p|rBrt[Ulb.v1**HAM| CPU Jflft BVt« H*M1 Cl»l>-H«iil^ RAM
It.K
II H
If-IB
M»
>iHIFT HEGISTtftS
WUlM
J5?IV
IHLPC
Ai^iDd-tCFH AIF13)'LCJ
111- Pit DriMmK
Dmi |^B>t Stitlc IMlll]H&ert sialic
QvBv »ait atitic -DATA ACQUISITION —
T*\tir' Tv^ LS^ P»» Fitll' twMfi f ■'P* L*w P«H r-Ultf
4.IH
I**
DATA ACOuiSlTiDN ICOMTIhulD^'
OACl
CD^HH AV44I1J
■ . - Pre*.
tui
■RAM'S
3EI1L
JKU
II Dl 41103 t
iita
ZLUB
lilt
JhpI Kim I;:
U^iil Qvnam-lc IHkCi^Kllc
llffipL U4i.K Sfui blillc JJiM' iuilc -UOB
loat.i si>Ei« «»ii
Wrbf4 »I«IN[ Hftnt l_ir* Nwn* Mg|i*4 :MalK l«Ni
IBir
I IF Ml
Mi
J.1« 1-11
UHtntHliAUlTl
jTniii'iipijuHjri'
lf»j<M»llll> ireizi|j»=iwi
ESIB
- pnOMS/EPftOMS —
l*h Ei^MOhA {S4n*l* ^IV|
Kvf HKQM 40{>fln Callv-Ctdi'li
vpi T'i-&i4i£ ai«di>«i' pnow
urn
L4.!fi
4.«
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■ If
READ 0#VLr MiUORlEI-
IT A&Ot :
IMCRlVROCE&£OFi MANUALS'
U«:
1D5JiaCl*
COIMOiMN
^£C1AL FUHCTIOIN
|jw4' Ui04 ClENca D* I'M- (kM »' I iJ-uii Wti^ ChEl^Cll tSTlm-aM^I ■ 'b{>p»' DibC CDnlFtlJMr CiBin[nMnlC4.tlD<; Chip UiCfbB'CiUXWT n«4l TdrTit Ctm^
MKrQ60ntrt>ll.flr ^ll^W-tllqlf HAW Ijiitl pirKt LE.DDrlvi MlicrvEDnlrDilar wlt«tB«-DIMI1 AAM 1 Dtrktl LED gTrHV w^n Bu«t int.
I. !*.» II.H
I.B
IU.» tM
1.4)
3 JlB
■TELEPHONE/ICEyaOARD CHIPS
mfti^^i^
DESIGNERS' SERIES Blank Desk-Top Electronic Enclosures
HJuH Etren|th upDitv itt^lclbtj intf |ii€cBS in inoctl0 lirdwn fiiiifh,
Sildiitg rear/bDitsm ^laiiiHc^r urvin irtd compifnGni ic cuiiibilitv.
Tflp / bottom pinds.DRO tH k AlD(fin« tvpfl 1200 ^ot4 tint tolar) for
hnt jurat jbdhnJon flirr
modificatkfii.
Vinttfi top iT>d banofln ptntll fi»r u«lin| fMicwocY
fligid conAmctiafv ptoytd^i unlttnited tpplicilimni.
CONSTRUCTION! -^ — — —
The "DTE" Blink Oesh Top Electronic End asurei era ddtigniidio biendandcornplfHiiint
tDday's rnailurn compji^r Bquipmcnl ar>d can be usud \n both indtistnal and home, TIib flnd pivtQS flffl precisiof} moltlBd wctb an intBrnal slot (all arountl) to accipt liutli icip and tiQtiom planets. The fjantls sfu thm NstarEd m %" thiicK tafai insidE the bhiJ |anju^3stu pravittfi mflRimum rtgidity to \hi inclosure. For eosn ot equipmo^nt servicing, tbtf rwf/ bottom pinel slides b^ck on sJoitad tracks wbile the ren of the enclosure rtmiirtt in- ijct. Di1(«r$nr p^tiBf widtl^s »iiv bi visd wttile maiivtimiKy a commtin prof »lt oytlinc The moldid end pf«cn cin •!«& be piinted to match my p^nel tQinr ichefiie.
a _ 1
>:
|
Wtdth |
fniCE |
|
|
DTE 8 |
a 00' |
S29 95 |
|
DTE-II ' |
10.65" |
S32.95 |
|
DTE'14 |
14.00* |
S34.95 |
$10,00 Mifi, Orddf - U.S. FuMi Only Calif. RuijrJonts Add G% Silil Ttx PaslagiOl - A(^d &% plus SI lnsur«n(!«
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1Sai ClIflDQ Avatlabli — S«ncl 4 1 ^ itimp
ameco
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^33 PHONE ORDERS WELCOME (41S) 592 a097
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COMPUTER CUBE^*^
COMPUTER CRT MaNtian a ACCESSOHV CASE
• Ona P^K* ri»it¥V ili^c-r rnnld«d connructiaf*
■ Pninnrd io mfttefi AppreU JLilfiLt b«iiQ«. TBXTtjrect f jnh^l
• SiT>fika ■^O'loriti iii^rvtie froftt CE>v*f [' iTHavaU !•)
• ^111-41 tl4«tf niMOi CRT and tJIOA-i iooin iar 2. AciOl4
• Thi>«*2>l" n&t«t ipc^ta^idi^ in doitiairi a'< i^m fOradd-t w^-
• Dt f^n it naadad.
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• Haahuj} carif%i c*rt t^t fufl ttirqughi Qtfwr 3 N«>laL •Crt* «^£!{»nvini«KKta« riwTT fi&W pn^ Co*or i^ncpasd CnT
• moriilon ctisOr Bv »*Ot<wol*. ft#n Br«t , Z«rnt**., Sv^'O. ~ rioMonlr. Hywcrii. vtc, or anv moriJiDr TtuTnriit fiT mta
• 10-3/B"H m 1*H W * 13^^ O vaea,
• SLe* tr' * 15" * IS' OP. 14 VH » 141*^WMa 13*"LI3. *W»>#<T ■ep'ro« iTutWfV 12 iO<
*CnT iT^atiMOf Im ffnd dk^k. drlvas nOl Iinci4j4«0.
CUBE-1
$99.95
TRS-80 16K Conversion Kit
Enpiafid y0ut 4K TRS^BO SyilBrn |a 1€K, Kit eomri complete i^itli:
• B MKh MM5390 2 iiif'IMtet t16K DviWRk ftvAs)
* DocuFTMfitaitOn t&r cuimiuart
TRS-16K
$49.95
JE610 ASCII Encoded Keyboard Kit
Th« J^fitO ASCm KavtKur^ K »t i^rr Cm intarfacad rntti mosi itFsv eOrtWJJtPf f¥«fim. Tha kit COrtt« co^npltfrt whti an Imfct-BTiji grade «cvbo*rd MuTcn dnerpblv tei *«■**>. iCt. iOckata, E?Ortn*ctO', »l«ciruni« can^a- ttamti mnti • dOufrttf-iidari prinlad wi^inft bo«rd Ttia fc«ftN»r# HHrnblV ivqui««s *5V # TSOrnA •TtO— 12v #> tQ «nA rai ae^ritiiafL Faaturai #D navs ^n«r«tv ttw 139 cftVIKIV^ uPPW wid Hovvw Ci«t ASCI I pat- FtiOrt tiyffmd T«»a tftv-dvtiflc bcyt 0fC%kl«O tpf cusiUHn K?i?i:iuti04i«. ClPf lBcilrl^iriitK»*r-tMa4nilv a^lia chervc iCFL Utl|i£^« ■ Z376 lAO-pinS enc^odirr rrat^onlY fn«fnorv c*iie'. OuVutt dinKrtiy itCTir^vt'b'lt *h*iih TTt^'OTk to' MOS iovt vrt#yK £*ty int^rfoEifiii ■A^lh « l^'-om dip or Tg (tin wdtt connacfor,
JE610 ICiie not included} K62 (Keyboard only) . . ,
$79.95
, * ^ . S34.95
Desk -Top Enclositre for JE610 ASCII Encoded Keyboard Kit
Compact dflik'^top sncEoiur*: Colorcoofdmattd di' ligriMr'st cum wirh l»gNt tan iluminum pantl^i And moldm and piaciKiin tnodia broiArn. Inctydvtmcujntifimhardtirar*.
DTE-AK ..,...-,. > S49.95
SPtCtAL Ji610/DTE-AK PUflCMASiO TtMa ETHER
IVaJue S129.90) S124.95
JE600 Hexadecimal Encoder Kit
FUlt e BIT LATCHED OUTPUT ia KEV KEVBOARP
Tha JEGOO Enegdaf KavbcMrd Kix Drov4da9 iwd MpBiraftc tiaxadwctma* uifiit traduced frE»rTt t«q4j#ftT4*l key «niri*fl 19 illl^V* d4r#^t □■A^i'9i\>«V^iii§ ibt 0 bil nniCTODrOC»l*0*' tif ft^it n^rfnorv CJreijiiK Trtm •O^JtitanaT kavs ara pfo-
^[ffUE Mwlpji^tlbt* TN» b«^Jsrt» *•• tfltdt*^ WKl iTiOnrt^- =
w>lK SLED f«*0«MTiL AJiEi inc-ludi*df«« h#w enirv STFDrti f «aiui««. FuM ■ bi^l l«T£jtt*d duipul f»f vniCOprDovnc L±Ea T^tmm vaprdafiiw kav» wi|h op4 Cwirtp btstab^
DPCrilhqr; D*(K>Wn¥9 CtllEUK {irDVKl#a fo^ ^1 t'^ kVfL
g LED f««d0ut« ia ii«tfhr •rntjlcs, Ehv i^riansciTfa with ExarKiHFd lA^pttf tC tS'nnac^M. Onty <5V&C reqiuirul lo^ Dti«rA1ion
JE600 (CflSe not includid)
K19 (Keyboard only) .. ,,
. . .SU.95
D^k'Top Enclosure for JE600 Hexadecimal Keyboard Ktt
Compact dfrik lop e3^^;lolure. Cotor cjtd'dfn^lod de- sigriBr's caii wvilh light t^n alurrfinuTi panalf ind maided end pinert m Tiociia bcown. Icicludtt rt«o<jni»ngi hanJiNfrfl. Siiar 3A "H M Si* 'W n i^"0.
DTE-HK * ' * ' • m ^ 5.*I4-. jj
SPfC/At jEftM'OTE-HK PURCHASED TOGETHER *ValueSltW.90J .
»^ Resder Ser¥ic^ — see pape 226
73 Magazine • December, 1980 219
ASSOCIATED RADIO
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CALL US WITH YOUR REQUIREMENTS
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ADDRESSED STAMPED ENVELOPE.
220 73 Magazine * December, 1980
FOR THE NOVICE
NEW, UPDATED EDtTtONS OF OUR FAMOUS NOVICE CLASS STUDY GUIDE AND NOVICE THEORY TAPES.
m NOVICE STUDY GUIDE— SG7357— Here is a completely new study guide and reference book for the potentiai ham. Thfs is not a question/answer memorczation course. Etectronic and radio fundamentais are presented and explained in an easy-to-understand fashion, preparing the beginner for the Novice ex- am. Includes the latest FCC amateur regulations, as wefl as application forms. Easiiy the best path into the exciting world of ham radio! $4.95,*
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license? To prevent retaking the FCC theory exam, you need ttie 73 Advanced theory guide. SSS, antenna theory, transmitters, and electronics measuring techniques are covered in detail in this easy-to-follow study guide. Special modes and techniques^ such as RTXy, are also treated. An engineering degree is nof necessary to rn aster the Advanced theory — try this book before visiting the examiner's office! S6.&5." {Pub- lished by TAB Books previous to recent ctianges In FCC exam material.)
» EXTRA CLASS LICENSE STUDY GUIDE^SGl060^ Before going for your T x 2 call, it pays to be a master of the Extra class electronics theory. This study guide ^s the logical extension of the 73 theory course. All the theory neces&ary to pass the exam Is pre- sented. Antennas, transmission lines, swrare discussed, as we^i as nojse^ propagation, and specialized communication techniques. This book is not a classroom lecture or memorizatJon guider but rather a logical presentation of the material that must he un- derstood before atlempting the Exim exam. Save youfself a return trip to the FCC and try the 73 mettiod first! $5.95 *
• UNDERSTANDING AND PROGRAMMING MICROCOMPUTERS— BK7382— A valuable addition to your computing library. This two part text includes the best articles that have appeared in 73 and Kilobaud Microcomputing magazines on the hardware and software aspects of microcomputing. Well known authors and well structured text helps the reader get involved. $10.95*
• 40 COMPUTER GAMES FROM KILOBAUD MICROCOMPUTING^BK73S1 — Forty games in all in nine different categories. Games for large and small systems, and even a section on calculator games. Many versions of BASIC used and a wide variety of systems represented. A must for the serious computer gamesman. $7.95*
• SOME OF THE BEST FROM KILOBAUD/MICROCOMPUTING— BK7311— A collection of the best articles that have recently ap^ peared in Kilobaud/MICROCOMPUTING. Included is material on the TRS-80 and PET systems, CP/M, the 8080/a085/Z80 chips, the ASR-33 terminal. Data base management, word processing, text editors and file structures are covered too. Programming techniques and hardcore hardware construction projects for modems, high speed cassette interfaces and TVTs are also included in this large for- mat, 200 plus page edition. $10.95.*
« HO&BY COMPUTERS ARE HERE!— BK7322— If you want to come up to speed on how computers work. . hardware and software. , .this is an excellent book. It starts with fun d^mentalsand explains the circuits, and ttie basics of prograniming, along with acojpJeofTVT construction projects, ASCii-Baudot, etc. This book has the highest recommen- dations as a teaching aid, 34 05*
• THE NEW HOBBY COMPUTERS— BK7340=This book taNes it from where "HOBBY COMPUTERS ARE HERE!" leaves off, with chapters on Large Scaie Integration, how to choose a microprocessor chip, an introduction to programming, iow cost i/0 for a computer, computer arithmetic, checking memory boards . . . and much, much moreJ Don't miss this tremendous value! Only $4.95.*
'Use the order card in the back of this magazine or itemize your order on a separate piece of paper and mail to: 73 Radio Bookshop • Peterborough NH Q3453. Be sure to in- clude check or detailed credit card information. No C.O.D. orders accepted. "Add $1.00 handling charge. Note: Prices subject to change on books not published by 73 Magazine. Questions reqardlfig your order? Please write to Customer Service at the above address. Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery.
FOR TOLL FREE ORDERING CALL 1-800-258-5473
7^ TEchNicAl LibRARy
• BEHIND THE DIAL— BK7307— By Bob Grove. Get more fun out of shortwave listening with this interesting guide to receivers, antennas, frequencies and interference. $4.95*
• THE CHALLENGE OF 160— BK7309— is the newest book in the 73 technical library, dedicated to 160 meter operating. Si Dunn pro- vides ail necessary information to get started on this unique band- The all-important antenna and ground systems are described in detail. The introduction contains interesting photos of Stew Perry's (the King of 160) shack. This reference is a must for new and experienced "Top Band'' operators. Price: $4.95.*
• IC OP-AMP COOKBOOK — 8K1028— by Walter G, Jung. Covers not only the basic theory of the IC op amp in great detail, but also includes over 250 practical circuit applications, liberally il- lustrated. 592 pages, 5V2 x 8V2, softbound. $12.95.*
• THE POWER SUPPLY HANDBOOK— BK7305— Need a power supply for a gadget you Ve building? In the POWER SUPPLY HAN D- BOOK there are dozens ready-to-bulid, plus detailed steps fof designing your own. There are circuits and parts lists for all kinds of supplies, ranging from simple DC types to highly stable regulated versions, tf you need a ci rcu it to convert a DC voltage to a higher or lower voltage, turn DC into AC, or AC to DC— then this is the book you need. With more than 400 pages, you should be able to find just the circuit you need. Without a doubt one of the best power supply source books available, compiled by the editors ot 73. $9.95.*
• WEATHER SATELLITE HANDBOOK- BK7370— Simple equip
ment and nnethods for getting good pictures from the weather
satellite. Antennas, receivers, monitors, facsimile you can build,
tracking, automatic control (you don't even have to be home). Dr.
Taggart WB8DQT.$4.9&.-
• THE NEW RTTY HANDBOOK— BK7347— is a new edition and the only up-to-date RTTY book available. The state of the art has t^een changing radically and has made all previous RTTY books ob- solete. It has the latest circuits, great for the newcomer and expert alike. $5.95.*
• PROPAGATION WIZARD'S HANDBOOK— BK7302— by J. H. Nelson. When sunspots riddled the worldwide communications networks of the 1940's, John Henry Nelson looked to the planets for an answer. The result was a theory of propagation forecasting based upon interplanetary alignment that made the author the most reliable forecaster in America today. The book provides an enlightened took at communications past, present, and future, as well as teaching the art of propagation forecasting. $6.95.*
• SSB . . , THE MISUNDERSTOOD MODE— BK7351— by James B. Wilson. Single Sideband Transmission . . . thousands of us use it every day, yet it remains one of the feast understood facets of amateur radio. J. B. Wilson presents several methods of sideband generation, amply illustrated with charts and schematics, which will enable the ambitious reader to construct his own sideband generator. A must for the technically-serious ham. $5.50.*
• MASTER HANDBOOK OF HAM RADIO CIRCUITS- BK1033- This is an encyclopedia of amateur radio circuits, gleaned from past issues of 73 Magaz/ne and carefully selected according to ap- plication. You'll find many youVe never seen before, some new twists on the tried and true, and several that have been long forgot- ten but are wetl worth remembering. Where your interest ranges from ragchewing to EME, from CW to slow-scan TV, from DX to county nets, this handbook will be a welcome addition to your shack, $B.95.*
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• OWNER REPAIR OF RADIO EQUIPMENT- BK731D- Frank Glass
K6RQ shares over 40 years of operating, servicing, and design ex- perience in this book which ranges from the elementary tothe highly technical written for the top engineers in the field. It is written in nar- rative style on the subjects of electronic servicing, how components work, and how they are combined to provide communication equip- ment. This book will help you understand the concepts required to service your own station equipment. $7.95.*
• TOOLS & TECHNIQUES FOR ELECTRONICS- BK7348- is an easy-to-understand book written for the beginning kit builder as well as the experienced hobbyist. It has numerous pictures and descriptions of the safe and correct ways to use basic and specialized tools for electronic projects as well as specialized metal working tools and the chemical aids which are used in repair shops. $4.95*
•THE CONTEST COOKBOOK- BK73a8-reveals the secrets of the contest winners (Domestic^ DX and specialty contests), com- plete with photos and diagrams of equipment used by the top scorers. Find out how to make 150 contacts in one hour. $5,95*
* Use the order card in ilie back oMNs maaaiine or ilemize your order on a separate pfcece of paper and mall to: 73 Radio Bookshop • Peterboroygh NH 03458. Be sure to in- clude check or detailed credit card infornnatiori. No CO.D. orders accepted. * Add SlOO handling charge. Note: Prices s^ubject to change on books not published by 73 Magazine. Questions reqafding your order? Please write to Customer Service at the above address, Please allow 4-6 weeks fOf delivery.
FOR TOLL FREE ORDERING CALL 1-800-258-5473
TEST EQUIPMENT
• RF AND DIGITAL TEST EQUIPMENT YOU CAN BUILD— BK1044—Rf burst, function, square wave generators, variable length pulse generators— TOO kHz marker, i-f and rf sweep generators, audio osc, af/rf signal injector, 146 MHz synthesizer, digital readouts for counters, several counters, prescaler, microwave meter, etc, 252 pages. $5.95.*
• VOL. I COMPONENT TESTERS— LB7359— ... how to build transistor testers (8), diode testers (3), IC testers (3). voltmeters and VTVMs (9), ohmmeters {8 different kinds), inductance (3), capacity (9), Q measurement, crystal checking (6), temperature (2), aural meters for the blind (3) and all sorts of miscellaneous data on meters . . . using them, making them more versatile, making stan- dards. Invaluable book. $4.95.*
• VOL II AUDIO FREQUENCY TESTERS— LB7360— ... jam packed with all kinds of audio frequency test equipment. If you're
into SSB, RTTY, SSTV, etc., this book is a must for you ... a good book for hi-fi addicts and experimenters, too! $4.95.*
• VOL. \n RADIO FREQUENCY TESTERS— LB7361— Radio frequency waves, the common denominator of Amateur Radio. Such items as SWR, antenna impedance, line impedance, rf output and field strength; detailed instructions on testing these items includes sections on signal generators, crystal catibrators, grid dip oscillators, noise generators, dummy loads and much more. $4.95.*
• VOL, IV IC TEST EQUIPMENT— LB7362— Become a troubleshooting wizard! In this fourth volume of the 73 TEST EQUIP- MENT LIBRARY are 42 home construction projects for building test equipment to work with your ham station and in servicing digital equipment. Plus a cumulative index for all four volumes of the 73 TEST EQUIPMENT LIBRARY. $4.95.*
=ThE WEU-EOuippEcl llAiVI shAcli
• THE MAGIC OF HAM RADIO- BK7312^ by Jerrotd Swank, W8HXR begins with a brief history of amateur radio and of Jerry's involvement in it. Part 2 details many of ham radio's heroic moments- Hamdom's close ties with the continent of An- tarctica are the subject of Part 3. In Part 4 the strange and humorous sides of ham life get their due. And what of the future? Part 5 peers into the crystal balL $4.95.*
•A GUIDE TO HAM RADIO- BK7321 -by Larry Kahaner WB2NEL. What's Amateur Radio all about? You can learn the basics of this fascinating hobby with this excellent beginner's guide. It answers the most frequently asked questions in an easy-going manner, and it shows the best way to go about get- ting an FCC license. A Guide to Ham Radio is an ideal introduc- tion to a hobby enjoyed by people around the world. $4,95/
• HOW TO BUILD A MICROCOMPUTER -AND REALLY
UNDERSTAND IT- BK7325-by Sam Greason. The electronics hobbyist who wants to build his own microcomputer system now has a practical "How-To" guidebook. This book is a com- bination technical manual and programming guide that takes the hobbyist step-by-step through the design, construction, testing and debugging of a complete microcomputer system. Must reading for anyone desiring a true understanding of small computer systems. $9.95.*
• LIBRARY SHELF BOXES -These sturdy white, corrugated, dirt-resistant boxes each hold a full year of 73, Kilobaud Micro- computing or 30 Microcomputing. With your order, request self-sticking labels for any of the following: 73, Kilobaud Microcom- puting, 30 Microcomputing, CO, QST, Ham Radio, Personal Computing, Radio Etectronios, Interface Age, and Byte. Order 1 — BX1000- for $2.00 r; order 2-7- BX2002-for $1 ,50 each*; order 8 or more - BX1002- for $1,25 each*.
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• QSL CARDS- 75 turns out a fantastic series of QSL cards at about half the cost of having them done elsewhere because they are run as a fill-in between printing books and other items in the 73 Print Shop. 250 Style W-QW0250-for $8.95*; 500 Style W - QW0500- for $13.95*; 250 Style X-QX0250-for $8.95*; 500 Style X^ QX0500- for $13,95*; 250 Style Y-QY0250 -for $8.95*; 500 Style Y-QY0500-for $13.95/ Allow 6-12 wks. for delivery.
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• BACK ISSUES— Complete your collec- tion: many are prime collectables now, classics in the field! A full collection is an invaluable compendium of radio and elec- tronics knowledge!
Single back issue— STOOOO —
$3,00*;
25 our choice— ST2500— $12.00*;
25 your choice— ST2501 — $25.00* ;
5 your choice -ST0500- $8.75*;
1 0 your choice— ST1 000 -$14.00/
• FREE BACK tSSUE CATALOGS are yours for the asking . . . specify 73 Magazine and/or Kilobaud Microcomputing back issue catalog when you send your name and address to us on a postcard.
lUMMZINE BINDERS
• Preserve and protect your collection for a lifetime! Order these handsome red binders with gold lettering. $7.50 for 1, 3 for $21.75, 6 for $42.00. (Postpaid within USA, please add $2.50 per order outside USA.) Check or money orders only, no ptione or COM. orders. 73 Binders, P.O. Box 5120, Phrladelphia, PA 19141.
Use the order card io the back of this magazine or itemize your ord&r on a separate piece ot paper and maiMo: 73 Radio Bookshop • Peterborough NH 03450. Be sure to irv ciude check or detailed credit card fntormation. No C.O.D. orders accepted. * Add $1.00 handling charge. Note: Prices subject to change on books not published by 73 Magazine. Questions regarding your order? Ptease write to Customer Service at the above addr&ss. Piease allow 4-6 weei^s for delivery.
FOR TOLL FREE ORDERING CALL 1-800-258-5473
• 73 DIPOLE AND LONG-WIRE ANTEN NAS—BKIOIS— by Edward M. Noll W3FQJ. This is the first collection of virtually every type of wire antenna usee* by amateurs. Includes dimensions, configurations, and detailed construction data for 73 different antenna types. Appendices describe the construction of noise bridges, iine tuners, and data on measuring resonant frequency, velocity factor, and
• THE GIANT BOOK OF AMATEUR RADIO ANTENNAS— With the GIANT Book of Amateur Radio Antennas— BK1 104— by your side, antennas will become the least ot your worries. Over 450 pages of design ideas, theory and reference data make this book live up to its title. The 7 chapters cover everything from basic antenna theory through designs for DIY accessories, as well as dozens of antenna J^ Giant aooic designs* Whether planning to build or buy. design or admire, test or
^LmS^i^^ ^^i^y ^ ^^^ antenna— this is the book for you. From the editors of
w til
73; published by Tab Books. Hardcover $12.95.
#73 VERTtCAU BEAM AND TRIANGLE ANTENNAS— BK1069— by Edward M, Noll W3FQJ. Describes 73 different antennas for amateurs. Each design is the result of the author's own ex- periments covering the construction of noise bridges and antenna line tuners, as well as methods for measuring resonant frequency, velocity factor, and standing-wave ratios 160 paoes, S5.50/
• VHF ANTENNA HANDBOOK— BK7368--The NEW VHF Antenna Handbook details the theory, design and construction of hundreds of different VHF and UHF antennas ... A practical tK>ok written for the average amateur who takes joy in building, not full of complex formulas for the design engineer. Packed with fabulous antenna projects you can build. S5,95,*
• PRACTICAL ANTENNAS FOR THE RADIO AMATEUR -BK1015
— A manual describing how to equip a ham station with a suitable antenna. A wide range of antenna topics, systems, and acces- sories are presented giving the reader some food for thought and practical data for construction. Designed to aid the experienced ham and novice as welL Only S9.95/
• TTL COOKeOOK-8K1063-by Donald Lancaster. Explains what TTL is. how it works, and how to use it. Discusses practical applications, such as a digital counter and display system, events counter, electronic stopwatch, digital voltmeter and a digital tach- ometer. S9,50.
• CMOS COOKBOOK-BK1011-by Don Lancaster. Details the application of CMOS, the iow power logic famity suitable for most applications presently dominated by TTL. Required reading for every serious digital experimenter! $10.50/
• TVT COOKBOOK— BK1064— by Don Lancaster. Describes the use of a standard tetevision receiver as a microprocessor CRT ter- minal. Explains and describes character generation, cursor con< trol and interface information in typical, easy-to-understand Lan- caster style. $9.95.*
• RTL COOKBOOK— BK1059— by Donald Lancaster. Explains the how and why of RTL (Resistor-Transistor Logic) and gives design information that can be put to practical use. Gives a multitude of digital apptications ranging from the basic switch to the sophisticated counter. 240 pages; $6.50.*
SSTV
• SLOW SCAN TELEVISION TAPE— CT7350— Prize-winning programs from the 73 SSTV contest. Excellent lor Demo! $5.95/
73 CODE TAPES
Any Four Tbdok For 115. •4.95 Each I"
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It
GENESIS
II
5 WPM—CT 7305— This cs the boplnnllig iap« fof people wtio do not know the codo mail. II taKes thefr througti the26 lettors. 10 nuinberB and n^ce^^ary pimctuatloriH compJet6 witti practice every step o1 the way using tUe newest blitz teaching tech^ niqu^s. f1 Is almost fntracy{Qus>[ In one hour many people— including ktds of ten —are able to master the code. Ttte ease ot Isaming gives confidence to beginners wfio might Qthenwise {Irop ouL
"THE STICKLER"
COURAGEOUS
20+ WPM-CT732D— Code is what get^ you when you go for the Extra class li- cense. It is so embarrassing tc pan^c out lust because you didn't prepare yourself with this tap«. Though this Js only one word faster, the code groups are so dliff I- cult that you"n almost fall asleep copying the FCC stuff by coiti pari son Users report Ihat Ihey can t believe how easy 20 p«r really js with tt>ls lantastic one houi lape.
fi
OUTRAGEOUS
II
■ I
t+ WPM— CT7306— This is the practice Laf)« fof the Novice and Technician li- censes, (t IS mad€ up of one solid hour of code, sent at the official FCC standard |no other tape we've f^eard uses these sian- dards, so ma:ny people flunk the tode when they are suddenly — under pressure —faced With characters serit at O wpm afril spac^ for 5 wpm) This tape is not rTtemorizable. unlike the zany 5 wpm tape. s»nce ttie code groups are entirely random clvaracters sent in groups ot five.
SACK BREAKER"
2S + WPII— CT73;25— Tliis is the tape for that small group of overachteving hams who wouldn t be content io simply $ai:i$ty the code requirements ot the EJtira Class license. Ws the toughest tape weVe qoi a nd we Neep a peiman enl f 1 1 e of ham s who have mastered it. Let us know wn^n you re up to sp^Kf and wen mscrit>e your name in 73*5 CW "Hall of Fame.
groups ill I
13+ WPM-CTT313— Code again, at a brisk 13 per so you will t>e ai ease when you tit down in front oi the steety-eyed government in5p«ctor arnd he starts sendihf] you platn iangua^e ai 0€ily 13 pef You ne«d this extra margin to ovet- come the panjc which ts universal In the test srtualFons VVh«n you>e Sp^nt your money and time to lake the tffSt, you*II thank heavens you had this back-breaking tape
'Use the oidef card *r\ ihe back of thts magajrtne or itemize your order on a separate piece of paper ar>0 ma it (o: 73 Radio Bookstiop • PetertxMough NH Q345fi- Be sure to iiv*
cJiude chedt or delaiied credit card information No CO D orders acceprfl<3 * Add $i 00 handling chaige Note: Prices sybfect to Change on bcKsks not put^iished by 7^
Mlf^rve QuevliOns reqardtng your order? Please wrfie to Custorner Service at the above address F^ease allow 4-6 weeks for delf¥«rv-
J
FOR TOLL FREE ORDERING CALL 1-800-258-5473
q)EflLER
DIRECTORY
San Jose CA
Bay ma£% newist Amntcui- B«dio iloce. !4ew It used Amateur RaflfosaJb At scrHce, Wr fntuiv Ken* nod, ICOM, %DK, V^eni. Tm T«. VHF Enjdnemne tk amm,- mofr- *iii*wff naiiio^ Inc., ITihSo. BKicofnA^. Sun Jape CA9S12S.
San LeandroCA
puMisIt tlv fno^ iiDCiiratF P.C.C mam {.ifcp*^ TVtkin Duinial m ihr c<»unirv KctmliT^ to let- tan cm ftb (nxn. buns natkinwtdk'. Ccta-r»l . Ad- vKDced, ftfkl E.ii:tr« Oaii mjuiuab ■ii'ttiUlilc. Bmsh EilacmtldaAl Servien. 51$ EitltrfUW A^^ftur. P.O^ Hm 21IS. &«n LiBUiIro, CA »|S77. 352-5420.
Denver CO
Experimenter* pijuiHn^rt Elprtronk and mechamcal ceMnpontvta fwr oomputcr pi*i:JjTlr* audio j^uplt, hams, robo* butwn, eMwri' mentETL Opat m. dav% m wodt. Catrw«v Elec* |fai^9 Cwp.« ZS39 W. Mth Ave.. Doivvr CO
Uficasvilk CT
Cushcnift, B«ne:h<*r« Hv-Gdn. Tdet. B«ilcer& Williamson, Nye^Vikinis, HustJei. KiF}, Cull- bcwk, Miinrh. Utuailltt, OK. S«xlon« AHKL Books^ Used e*|iilpmt»nt. EWtrnnlc [mrts ^ml VOBf^arvEs, fr**- ejitalf}^. l>iWMivan l-!l«<:titifii£A, Im.^ 2510 Norwich, New LaiidcAi Tpkc, UiKu-
Columbm GA
KENT^CKID— YAESl' HRAKE The woHdv iiixiPil; EuiiUiritu^ jiiiuiti'iir ^hnw- rtioml You gotttt sm; It \\t \K']ievv il! Ruttid WholefuJe^ 2012 Auhum Avfmjt', Cnhnnliia
Bobe ID
Adzen, Aniidnn, AmeQty^ ABRT-, flfcW* CaMhook, {JoUln^ Cii^^liCruri, DeiHtcm, Hm-tjer, ICOMp Jim Pak, KDK, MFJ. NFC, Nyt, Sams, SST, Swan, Te-n-Ttx;, Wanwir, Wilstm CuAlom Eleclmnitx. 1209 Bmadway, Boise ID S370(i. Byh W7St; 3^4-
Frcslon ID
Ross WHTBYZ, has I hi' Ltirge^l SUtek ^4 Ania terjT C«ir in iht* Intermtinntain \Vi-\i and tlii" B*!5+ PricR!i. flull mi- kn all voat iMin> nifT:?dv. Boss Dislributinfi, 7S So. Slated FteUm ID
Terre Flautc IN
Your ham h^idqiuiisTi kiailtvl Ln the heart of the midiA-ftsI HriiHtef ^edmnics. Inc., 438 Modov.^ ShAppiim CoilH. I'.O. b<n, 2001. Tenr Haute LV 47802. 23S-1456.
Littktqn MA
The bMD flow trf N.E. ^tW C*n f^' on, Kmv- wtwd. ICOM, \^ ibtm. fHBi, DniTron. IlLM un}E. B&VV fwiteiis h wattn>p*ert, WhWlct ndar ^ectofii, Bmcat^ Rejiieno . anteriEUii b>' Laiioi, Wdsofi. Hitilkr, CaVI TEl^:C»l Ice. Cjflntim iiriin tf«»*« Al Oertmnks^ E75 Gnal Bd., Hi, llfl. littklon MA 01460. 48«-30lO.
Laurel MD
Kewwxjod, D«l», itXJM, Ten-Tec, Sw«u Dmtron. Tempo and EBany ham MCUMric^ Afej cewiputtsi b> App*? *nrf EiJdh- Ttw Conun Cen^, Ifie,. I.*ui«l Plau— HL 106, Laiinl %iD 20SIII. TSt-INCW.
SL Look MO
Eipenmenter'^ paiKlisd Elfl^tranic and oie- thanicid cnm|)onpnU for camputLt people, audio ^Ksmk^ hMuu^ robol biildpn;, ^^"' mentten. C^iefi six davs a uicEk. Calrwav Oec- tnncs Cofp.. Si^2S Fa^ Blvd^ S*. Ijnuh MO 63110, 42:<«iie.
Syracusfr-Rome-Ulica NY
FeKttiKnip Kemhtxid, Vasu, ICOM. Drafe, Tei^TH?. Swan. EfenTroii, ,\ipba, flsibo*. MF], Tempa. AstnHu KUM,, Hy Gain^ \(aaln% L^fieft, Cushcnft. Hiatkr, l^tini PnKfaicts- You wfni'r he dhapooinled » trh equipnieitt'ser\-icf . Radii) Worlds Oneida Counlv Airport- TemiinaJ Building, Oriskaity ST 13424, 33741303.
Phila, FA/Camden NJ
W«\vguidp i cuaaud irocrowa*^ comp<inrfil> & ftpJipmi'nt. IjliiJia[of>^ grade tiest imtru meats, ptmef VLipplks- B«>"* seil 6c tradi^ ail popidar mates. HP, CR. FXH, ESI, Sorenseti, |{n|^. etc. Ledronic Besearcb Labs., 1423 F«ry Aw,. Qioickii NJ 0&104, 54MaOO.
Columbus OH
All ma^r brands featured irii the bigi^t aid best hain stfir* for miles around. Come in and hfcUt the ktKtbs bt-fott- vhu buy. Untvenul Amateur I^adin, Inc., 12S0 AidaDr., Reynnlds- hurg (Columbus I OH 43068t Hli4i-42li7.
Houston TX
Ex|X'rinMJJiter\ psiradiMrt Eitsctrnnic and me- ehanital naruponente for computer people, uudin iXHiplf. hams^ fobrrf biiildnn;, esptrl- menliir?,. Opvn nix clavs a wt^k, Gatevi^av Elc<> tmnics Inc.. Stel2 fclaritcsnest* Houvtcm TX 770fl3, BTfikeSTS.
San Antonio TX
Cnniplfte 2 wav service shop. Call C^t'c^ Wrd^^SP. Sdlinfj Anknuiii SpodalisL^, Avaiiti, Azden, Bird, lly-gaiti, Standard eommunieit- Hf>m, Gc'fiavc. Heiirv% CtisliCraft, Dielt^fcric. Huirtler. ICOM. MF], N\^, Sbure. S^ an, Tcm- jMv Tt'ti Tw- and others. .A,pplianc^ flr Ff|iiip- mcnt Co.* Inc., 2317 Vante Jadison Rtad, San Antonit* TX 78213. 734-7793.
DEALERS
Yfntr tvmpantj name and fnessagjp can contain up to 23 words form Ut- ile as $150 yearly (prepaid), or $15 per month (preiKiid quarteriy). No mention of mail-order business or area code permitted. Directory text and payment must reach us 60 days in adiHjnce of pubiication. For ct- antple, adtertvnngfor the Februanj issue mttst he in our handi hy December ht. Mail to 73 Mag- aziju\ Peterborough NH 034S8. ATTN: Nancy Cmmpa.
PROPAGATION
J. H. Nel&on 4 Piymouth Dr. Whiting NJ QB759
EASTERN UNITED STATES TO
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31i |
It* |
31A |
|
CJUVAL fCME |
14 |
f |
7 |
7 |
T |
7 |
44 |
;i* |
71* |
IfA |
?tA |
ai |
|
! EMCtAiiO |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
T |
14 |
21* |
51* |
14A |
14 |
} |
|
KAVUIII |
»A |
14 |
7B |
7 |
t |
7 |
1 |
TB |
14 |
SlA |
21A |
31A |
|
IW7tA |
7 |
T |
71 |
fa |
7B |
Tfi |
14 |
14* |
t4 |
m |
m |
T |
|
j jaTAM |
I4A |
f4il |
TV |
71 |
7 |
IF |
7 |
7B |
73 |
Tfl |
t« |
t« |
|
HEintro |
T*» |
TA |
7 |
7 |
' 7 |
7 |
7 |
14A |
7IA |
?1A |
riA |
31 |
|
FMLIPrittES |
J4JI |
1«t |
?B |
m |
79 |
TB |
79 |
I4S |
%m |
14S |
I4i! |
14 |
|
nfCMto nico |
14 |
f |
J |
1 |
r |
r |
14 |
21* |
?i* |
?TA |
.. '«! |
|
|
sourmAfftiCA |
14 |
n |
y |
7m |
71 |
94 |
2-i |
TT* |
JTA |
31At2- -Ja! |
||
|
1 mS-S.fl. |
T |
1 |
? |
} |
J |
J5 |
34 |
L 21 A n |
a |
"f '■ |
||
|
MESTCJQAST |
" |
14 |
I |
7 |
■ - |
7 |
7 |
14 |
anA |
«A |
7« |
31a| |
|
CENfR |
Al |
_ UP |
_ |
|||||||||
|
411 |
EE |
D |
STAl |
PES |
TO: |
|||||||
|
1 |
||||||||||||
|
aiASKJI |
it 1 |
t4 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
14 |
HA |
21A |
21A |
|
|
ARQCNTINA |
» |
14 |
f |
m |
7a |
14 |
31 |
21A |
7IA |
?1A |
37* |
|
|
ALfSmiALia |
3tA |
14 1 IS |
!■ |
T9 |
70 |
IQ |
7B |
M |
31 |
11* |
ItA |
|
|
CAMAL ZONE |
14 |
rA |
J |
7A |
21 A |
?1A |
ItA |
7tA |
31A |
|||
|
W9^L*Mt |
T |
? |
T |
73 |
14A |
riA |
14A |
14 |
7B |
|||
|
HAMAIt |
31A |
14 |
T |
7 |
7 |
14 |
3tA |
3tA |
;21A |
|||
|
IMDIA |
TB |
m |
™ |
7B |
TB |
7B |
7B |
m |
14 |
7B |
7B |
71 |
|
M^AN |
?TJi |
•4 |
78 |
7P |
7 |
7 |
7B |
71 |
t4B |
31 |
||
|
MCXfCd |
14 |
J! |
V |
7 |
14 |
21 |
2tA |
II* |
Jl |
|||
|
PHILff«*»iK |
MA |
14 |
7B |
7« |
IV IS |
TB |
? |
I4e 14ft |
T4S |
14 |
||
|
niviiTQi ntco , |
14 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7A |
31 |
?1A |
71A |
.1 |
1\ |
||
|
SOUTH AFflteA |
H |
n |
7 |
7H |
7e |
7B |
It |
JIA |
31A |
31A |
71A |
I4A |
|
u.s.s n |
!'■ |
7 |
} |
7a |
Jlfi |
14A |
T4A |
V^B |
m |
79 |
||
|
WESTE |
Rr |
J UNITED |
STATES TO: |
|||||||||
|
31 A |
14 |
J |
IF 1 |
5A |
7A |
T4 |
21 |
3Tfl |
||||
|
ANOiNTINA |
31A |
14 |
7A |
7B |
T& |
7B ■ |
14A |
21 A |
2tA |
2tA |
31A |
|
|
AUSTRALIA |
:}iA |
31 |
14 |
7a |
7a |
7B |
7S |
14 |
31 |
21A , |
J21A |
|
|
CAhlAL ZOfVC |
?i |
14 |
1 |
? |
14A |
21A |
21A |
SlA |
21A |
|||
|
ENOU^ND |
7D |
7 |
7 |
;fl |
14EI |
21fl |
I4A |
149 |
m |
|||
|
HAWAII |
^Xfk |
21 |
t4 |
7A |
7 |
7 |
14 |
aiA |
31 A |
31 A |
||
|
INDIA |
7B |
14 |
70 |
7b |
/H |
/H |
Tfl |
7B |
t4i |
79 |
7B |
TB |
|
JAPAN |
21A |
14A 1 |
14i |
7B |
7 |
7 |
7 |
79 |
149 |
7\A |
||
|
MEXICO |
21 |
14 |
7 |
7 |
7A |
7\ |
Si A |
31 A |
31iA |
|||
|
PHIIIPPINIES |
31A |
14A |
14a |
TB |
?B |
7B |
TB |
1 |
149 |
149 |
14B |
14 |
|
PUERTO RICO |
71 |
14 |
7 |
T |
HA |
21A |
2TA |
2tA |
?1 |
|||
|
SOUTH AFRICA |
^1 |
14 |
7 |
:?fl |
7S |
7B |
7a . |
14 |
31A |
51A |
giA |
14* |
|
U.S.S. A. |
/» |
7 |
7 |
IB |
70 |
7B |
7B |
14 |
7B |
71 |
7B |
|
|
iASTC^Atr |
J1 |
14 |
t |
1 |
14 |
31ft |
71 A |
31 A |
1\A |
A = B = F = SF
Next higher frequency may also be useful Difficult circuit this period Fair G = Good P = Poor
= Chance of solar flares
|
mun |
Pfiori |
tu* |
wad |
llfU |
fri |
**t |
|
1 F/SF |
2 F/SF |
3 F |
4 G |
5 G |
6 F |
|
|
7 G |
8 G |
9 G |
10 G |
11 G |
12 G |
13 G |
|
14 |
15 F |
16 G |
17 G |
18 |
19 F |
20 F |
|
21 G |
22 G |
23 Q i |
24 F/SF |
25 P/SF |
26 F |
27 F |
|
28 G |
29 G |
30 G |
31 6 |
73 Magazine ■ December* 19B0 225
m
LiST oF AdvERTISERS
'Please contact Iha^e adverU&ers directly.
To receive foil information from our advertisers please complete the following postage-paid card.
R.$.Na Page
AEA/Advariced £fect- Applica., inc.
.32, 1^5
3 AED Electronics;, . .... ,.,... . . .76
362 A.R Systems, 169
I Ad i r ondac k Rad i o S u p p I y , 1 nc. . . 1 69
31 4 Al liaince Mfg. Co: 45
5 Amateur-Wholesale Etectronics
.,. 23, 216
7 American Crystal Suppiy 173
334 Amidon Associates 171
301 Appli. & Equip. Co., Inc. 173
8 Aptron Laboratories .163
Associated Radio, . , 220
3&B Astron Corporaiion. . . , 9T
10 Avanti Researcli & Develop 109
II Barker & Williamson 165
483 Barker & WiiSiamsor> 186
12 Buiiet BoGtronics 208, 209
477 Centurion internailonal 186
13 Clegg 101
89 Ctutterf ree lvlo<Jijiar Consoles. ... 89
14 Cumm. Cenier, r^E 97, 147
382 Comm. Concepts, Inc 171
377 Comrnynications Elect rgr^tcs, , . 196
15 Corr^m. SpeciaJi&ts. 10, 11
16 Grown Micro Products. .77
70 CubJc Gomrrunicafions, inc 83
20 D$l Instruments. 21
330 DebCQ Electronics 111
* Pauli Daviis Electronics. 104
346 Data Service 173
365 Larry Dennison 146
Digital Research Parts 210
19 R. L. Drake Co. , . . , 30, 31
80 Microcomputing , 149
Erickson Comm 105
R.S. No. Pag»
336 ElecifOComponents Div 173
323 Fox-Tango Corp. 86
27 GJ.S.M.O 125
26 Germantown Amat Suppiy 136
478 Giifer Associates. 186
23 Godbout Electronics. - 21 S
352 Grove Enterprises . 29
378 HVB. 173
345 Hal Comm 19
31 Hal-Trontx. 29. 45
30 The Ham-Key Co. , , 56
32 Ham Radio Center. 95
33 Hamtronics, NY. 211
476 HamtroniCS. NY 186
481 Heath Co _ . _ , . 1 06
34 Henry Radio Gov II
305 Hustler, Inc. 131
363 l-Can Company. 1 69
iRL. 146
iCOM...., ,.. 9,15
35 Info-Tecti, inc .105
36 i nternatsonal Crystal Vifg 90
38 Jameco Electronics. . . ... 219
479 Jameco Electronics ^ 32
39 Jan Crystals. 146
364 Jim-Pai^ Electronic Comp, .... 80,81 Kantronlcs, ... 4
482 Karetron Engineering 188
KB Microcomputing. 149
Kenwood. Cov IV. 7
375 Herb KrecKn^an Co. ..,.,. . — 104
LaRue Electronics , 169
43 Lunar Electronics 17
47 M FJ Enterprises 34, 35
48 MHz Electronics. .......... 198-207
S6 Macaw Electronics 75
R.S.NO.
Page
365 MELCO Enterprises 163
44 Macrotronics , . 77. 91
45 Madison Electronics 27
46 Maggi:ore Electronic Lab. ...... 104
369 Magnetic Call Sign 169
40 Micro Control Specialties. , , 78, 136 313 Micro Management Systems 28
50 MicrocraU Corp 171
383 Micro-80, Inc 171
51 Microlog Corp. 71. 103
52 MidCom Electronics. Inc 70
.388 Mor-Gain , 51
318 National Comm. Group Co 74
54 OK Machine S Tool. . , . - 137
55 Optoelectronics, inc.. ....... ....3
Orbit Magazine... 114
57 P. C. Electronics. 57
346 Page! Electronics. 146
* Palomar Engineers. 25
380 Panasonic . , . . 33
58 Poly Paks 89
60 Quest Electronics 197
61 Radio Amateur CalibookH Inc. 91
381 Radio Systems Tech., Inc 171
Radio World 97, 171
62 Ramsey Electronics. ...... 214, 217
Roctiester Hamfest. 18
65 S-F Amateur Radio Services. . . , 105
374 SK Electronics. 104
376 SMP 79
64 Semi conductors Surpi u s
195,212,213
333 Sentry Mtg. Co.... ... 165
' 73 Magazine
79.115,174,221-224,226
66 SignaEcralters 76
R.5. No^ Pig*
367 Slep Electronics. 79
434 Sony 1S7
360 Soundpower 163
317 Space Electronics. . , 104
309 Spacecoast Research — , 173
67 Spectronics, 215
68 Spectrum Comm 62, 63
73 TET, USA.. 99
* Ten-Tec, Inc 13
76 Trac Electronics, , , , , , . 25
77 Tufts Radio Electromcs 150-161
361 UHF Sales & Service 104
37 UPI Comm. Systems, Inc 111
Universal Communications — 173
387 Urban Engineering 51
311 Vanguard t^bs , ... 173
373 Van Gorden Engineering . . . , 77
90 VoCom Products Corp ,131
79 Wacom Products. , . . 163
80 Western Electronics. 171
Wilson Systems, Inc 90,116-119
82 Xitex Corp. 76. 104
33 Yaesu Electronics Corp,
Cov III, 67,93
336 2 Associates; . „ . . , 173
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magazine
Peterborough, n.h. 03458
226 73 Magazine • December, 1980
With the Yaesu FT-480R .
TWO METERS COMES ALIVE!
SSB activity is flourishing, repeater activity is at an all-time high, and OSCAR users are breaking records every day. Let the FT'480R step you up to space-age performance on SSB, CW, and FM:
Features
Coverage of 143.5 - 148.5 MHz (good news for you MARS operators)
USB, LSB. CW and FM operation are all built-in
Four channels of memory, with priority channel
Two VFOs for unusual repeater splits
Convenient synthesizer steps: 10 Hz, 100 Hz, or 1 kHz per step on SSB/CW, 1 kHz, 20 kHz. or 1 00 kHz per step on FM
Scanning control from microphone
Highly effective noise blanker
Receiver offset tuning for following Doppler- shifted signals
SAT switch allows shifting of transmit frequency during OSCAR operation (many rigs cannot QSY on TX)
30 watts DC input on FM/CW, 30 watts PEP in- put on SSB, HI/ LOW power selection on FM andCW
ft
p,stt
,.K|\
M'^'^*'''^/^'*
Built-in tone burst generator
Bright LED signal strength/relative power output level meter
Easy-to-read fluorescent display of operating frequency and memory channel
Front panel switch for zeroing synthesizer to convenient step when changing modes from SSB/CW to FM
Requires 13,8 VDC, negative ground
Avaiiabte Options:
FP-80 AC Power Supply
FTS-64E Synthesized CTCSS/Burst Encoder
PricB ancf specfffcatfons subject to change
without notice or obligation
Did You Know . . .
Yaesu now has a crystal-controlled 220 MHz FM rig — The FT- 127
,^83
w
The radiOm
1Q80
YAESU ELECTRONICS CORP., 6S51 Walthall Way, Paramount, CA 90723 # (213) 633-4007 YAESU ELECTRONICS Eastern Service Ctr, 981 2 Princeton-Glendaie Rd., Cincinnati, OH 45246
New
meter direction.
PS-20
TR-90DO
BO-9
|
SP-120 |
<il
A compact transceiver with FM/SSB/CWplus...
TR-900a
Kenwood's done it again! Now, it*s the exciting TR-9000 2- meter aii-mode transceiver.., complete with a host of new features. Combining the con- venience of FiUi with long dis- tance SSB and CW in a very compact, very affordable packagop the TR-9000 is the answer for any serious Ama- teur Operator! Versatile? You
bet! Because of its compact* ness, the TR-9000 is ideal for mobile installation. Add on Its fixed station accessories and it becomes the obvious choice for your ham shack!
See your Auttiorized Kenwood Dealer now for details on the TR-9000... the new direction in 2-meter all-mode trans- ceivers!
With vflCli (rt-
^KEIMV\/OOD
Note: Price, specifications subject to change without notice and obligation-
. ♦ ,fmn\srfitr in attHitt'ijt rut! in
TRIO KENWOOD COfVlMUNICATIONS INC-
1in WEST WALNUT /CO MPTON, CALIFORNIA 90220