GENEALOGY COLLECTION^
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GENEALOGY 975.2 IM365HM 1921
Maryland Historical Magazine
^mLISHED UNDER THE AUTHOEITY OF
THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY
Volume XVI
BALTIMORE 1921
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Vol. XVI MARCH, 1921 No. 1
MARYLAND
HISTORICAL
MAGAZINE
PUBLISHED -BY
THE MARYLAND fflSTORICAL SOCIETY
ISSUED QUARTERLY
,ANNUAL SUBSGRIPTION.$3.00-SINGLENUMBEBS,75cTS.
BALTIAVORE
Persons who possess articles of historic interest which they are willing to give, or bequeath, to the Maryland Historical So- ciety, are invited to notify in writing, George L. Radcliffe, Esq., Recording Secre- tary, so that the subject may be referred by him to the appropriate committee, for consideration as to the acceptance of the articles by the Society.
678978
CONTENTS OF VOLUME XVI
PAGE
CoLONH, Geeaed Fowke. Gerard FowJce, 1
Some Early Colonial Maeylandees. McEenry Howard, - 19, 179
Extracts from the Carroll Papers, - . . . . 29
Extracts from the Dulany Papeirs, 43
The Calvert Family, John Bailey Calvert Nicklin, 50, 189, 313, 389
Case of the " Good Intent," 60
Proceedings of the Society, 63, 394
List of Members of the Society, 80
Baltimore County " Garrison " and the Old Garrison Roads,
William B. Marye, 105, 207
Correspondence of James Alfred Pearce. Edited by Bernard C.
Steiner, 150
Extracts from the Annual Report of the Gallery Committee
OF THE Maryland Historical Society, . . . - 204 The Life of Thomas Johnson. Edward 8. Delaplaine, - 260, 340 Notes from the Early Records of Maryland. Jane Baldwin
Cotton, 2r79, 369
Catonsville Biographies, George C. Eeidel, . - - - 299 James Alfred Peaece, Bernard C. Steiner, - - - - 319
Unpublished Pbovincial Records, 354
The Calvert Family Memorabilia, 386
Notes, Books Received, Etc., ■^'^^
ARCHIVES OF MARYLAND
Published, by authority of the State
VOLUME XXXIX
This volume is now ready for distribution, and contains the Acts and Proceedings of the Greneral Assembly of the Province, during the Sessions held from 1732/3 to 1736. During this period, Samuel Ogle was Governor, and he met diflScult situations with tact and firmness. In 1733, a very important act was passed for emitting bills of credit, under which a considerable amount of paper money was issued, with such wise measures for the establishment of a sinking fund, that the bills were finally redeemed. An important militia act was passed, as also was one for the improvement of the navigation of the Patuxent River. Towns were erected at Elkridge Landing, on the site of Princess Anne, etc. A general law for the relief of insolvent debtors completes the important legislation of the Session.
The Session of 1733/4 lasted only six days, when the Governor dissolved the Assembly, because the Lower House expelled four members, who had accepted ofl&ce from the Proprietary.
A year later, a new Assembly was convened without great change in the membership. It did the surprising act of electing Daniel Dulany, one of the expelled members, as its speaker, and, when he declined, chose James Harris, a new member, though Colonel John Mackall, the old speaker had been re-elected to the Assembly.
A general naturalization law was then passed, and the importa- tion of negroes, "Irish Papists," and liquors was restricted. The act concerning ordinaries was revised, and a license was required from peddlars. A duty was laid for the purchase of arms and ammunition.
In 1735/6 a second Session, styled a Convention, was held with- out any legislation, since the Houses fell out with each other, over the question of allowances to the Councillors. After a proroga- tion of ten days, the Houses re-assembled, and, in a short time, passed a considerable number of laws, some of which had been discussed at the earlier meeting. Among these, were acts to remedy the evil conditions of the Annapolis jail by building a new one, to erect Georgetown and Fredericktown on the Sassafras River, to encourage adventurers in iron works, and to amend the laws in regard to the inspection and sale of tobacco. The ques- tion as to the Councillors' allowances was settled by a compromise, and the disturbances along the Pensylvania boundary line, which are associated with the name of Captain Thomas Cresap, find echo in the legislative proceedings.
The attention of members of the Society who do not now receive the Archives is called to the liberal provision made by the Legis- lature, which permits the Society to furnish to its own members copies of the volumes, as they are published from year to year, at the mere cost of paper, press work, and binding, this cost is at present fixed at one dollar, at which price members of the Society may obtain one copy of each volume published during the period of their membership. For additional copies, and for volumes pub- lished before they became members, the regular price of three dol- lars is charged.
THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY
INCORPORATED 1843.
OFFICERS.
President,
W. HALL HARRIS.
Vice-Presidents,
HENRY STOCEBRIDGE, DeCOURCY W. THOM,
VAN LEAR BLACK.
Corresponding Secretwry, Recording Secretary,
J. APPLETON WILSON, GEORGE L. RADCLIFFE,
Treasurer, HEYWARD E. BOYCE.
THE COUNCIL.
The Geneeal Officees
AND RePBESENTATTVES OF STANDING COMMITTEES:
CLINTON L. RIGGS, Representing the Trustees of the Athenaeum.
JOHN M. VINCENT, RIOHAJID M. DUVALL, PHILLIPS L. GOLDSBOROUGH, MoHENRY HOWARD, RUXTON M. RIBGELY, JAMES McC. TRIPPE, BERNARD B. BROWNE, M.D.
Committee on Publication. Committee on the Library. Committee on Finance. Committee on Membership. Committee on the Gallery. Committee on Addresses. Committee on Genealogy.
1866. 1892. 1909. 1915. 1916. 1916. 1916.
1919. 1920.
BENEFACTORS OF THE SOCIETY.
GEORGE PEABODY, Gift, $20,000
J. HENRY STICKNEY, Bequest, .... 1,000
ISAAC F. NICHOLSON, Gift, 1,000
MENDES COHEN, Bequest, .... 5,000
ISAAC HENRY FORD, Bequest, .... 1,000
ISAAC TYSON NORRIS, Gift, 1,000
MRS. I^IARY WASHINGTON KEYSER,
Gift of the H. Irvine Keyser Memorial Building. MISS ELEANOR S. COHEN, . . Historical Relics and $300 HON. HENRY STOCKBRIDGE, . Gift, .... 1,000
CONTENTS.
Page
Colonel Geeabd Fowke. Gerard Fotoke, 1
Some Eaely Colonial Maetlandebs. McHenry Howard, - - 19
EXTEACTS FEOM THE CaEROLL PaPEES, 29
Extracts from the Dulany Papers, 43
The Calvert Family. John Bailey Calvert Nicklin, - - - 50
Case of the " Good Intent," 60
Proceedings of the Society, 63
List of Members of the Society, 80
Committee on Publications
SAMUEL K. DENNIS, Chairman. JOHN M. VINCENT, BERNAED C. STEINER.
LOUIS H. DIELMAN, Editor.
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE
Vol. XVL MAKCH, 192L No. 1
COLONEL GERARD FOWKE
Of Virginia and JMaryland^ feom 1651.
Geeaed Fowke, St. Louis, Mo.
Family tradition, usually unreliable, asserts that the Fowkes are descended from Fulk, Count of Anjou, France, in the ninth century. This belief is probably based on similarity of name, and the occurrence of the fleur-de-lis on the coat of arms. It is also believed that the first of the name came to England with Richard Coeur de Lion. But the name appears on the Battle Abbey roll, so they were here as early as William the Con- queror. Others came long afterward ; for there is a record of a family springing from Sir Orlando Fowke who migrated from Spain to England in the time of Queen Elizabeth. In 1885 there was living in Oshawa county, Canada, a Fowke family descended from a French Huguenot who went from France to England in the eighteenth century.
In various records and documents, unmistakably relating to this same family, the name is spelled in such divers ways as Fowke, Foulk, Foulke, Foulkes, Fowkes, Fookes, Fooks, Fowlke, Fowlkes, Foulque, Foulques, and at least once in Eng- land, Fok. There is also Fouque in France and Fouke in Hol- land and America. The German word Foulque means a '' black
2 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
water hen." In pne record in England the name appears in three consecutive generations, grandfather, father, and son, as Fulk, Foulke, and Fowke. Difficulty also appears in the pronuncia- tion of the name. In Virginia and Maryland, descendants in the female line who have never knov^n any one possessing the original name, called it " Foake." Some in England also call it " Foake." In eastern Virginia it was often called Fooke or Fookes, with the " oo " as in either " root " or " hook." All of those whom it has been my fortune to meet in Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, South Carolina, Kentucky, and Missouri, to whom the name belongs and who know how it was pronounced by their ancestors, call it Fowke, with the " ow " as in " now " or " how," the same sound as " ou " in " about."
In England the name is still represented by various estates in several counties. The records are very full and complete in the British Museum and in the various homes, and several of them have been published. Only one is given here; it is from *' Leicester Pedigrees and Eoyal Descents." Its accuracy is undoubted.
' " The following pedigree was drawn up in the year 1Y65 by Joseph Edmondson:
Sir Richard Fowke.
Sir Thomas Fowke, came with William the Conqueror.
Sir John Fowke.
Henry Fowke, living in 1151 A. D.
Sir Marmaduke Fowke, with Henry II at Toulouse Mar- ried Isabel, daughter of Sir John West.
Sir Henry Fowke, 1189, married Mabella, daughter of Sir Ralph Cole.
Sir William Fowke, Knight.
Thomas Fowke, 1247, married Alice, daughter of Sir Bald- win de Vere.
Sir John Fowke, 1266, married Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Brown.
Sir Richard Fowke, 1333, slain in the battle of Haledon Hill; married Arabella, daughter of John Beauchamp.
COLONEL GERAKD FOWKE. 3
Sir Henry Fowke, 1369, married Mirabell, daughter of Sir
John Harrison of Cumberland. Sir Eichard Fowke, married Anne, daughter of Sir John
Allen of Suffolk. William Fowke of Brewood, married Anne Eyton. John Fowke, second son, 1524, married Agnes, daughter of
John JSTewman. Eoger Fowke of Gunston, married Cassandra, daughter of
William Humphri stone. John Fowke of Gunston, 1547, married Anne, daughter of
John Bradshaw of Windly and Isabel Kinnersley. Francis Fowke, second son, married Jane, daughter of John
Raynsford of Tew. John Fowke, married Dorothy, daughter of John Cupper of
Glimpston. Roger Fowke, third son, married Mary, daughter of William
Bayley of Lea" (See " G " below.)
The Virginia line, as descended from Col. Gerard Fowke, had its original home in Staffordshire, where in the seventeenth century and earlier their estate was known as Brewoode (pro- nounced Broode with the long sound of the " oo ") and Gunston, a modern rendition of the ancient Braywoode or Breywoode and Gonstone. Two mottoes appear : — " Optimum est f rui aliena insania" (" it is best to profit by, or to make use of, the folly of others"), and '' Arma tuenter pacem" ("Arms promote peace "). Burton, in his " Anatomy of Melancholy," rather freely translates the first motto " It is an excellent thing to make ourselves merry with other men's obliquities.'
Mr. Frank Rede Fowke of London furnished me with the following information : —
"A.— William Fowke, living in 1403 and 1438, married Ann Eyton of county Salop. Their son B.— iJohn (second son) married Agnes Newman of Gun- ston, county Stafford. Their son
4r MARYLAND HISTOKICAL, MAGAZINE.
C. — Eoger (tibird son) married Oassandra Humphristone. Their only son
D. — Jolin died Dec. 3, 1547. He married Anne Brad- shaw, daughter of Jolm and Isabel (Kynnersley) Bradshaw. Their son
E. — ^Francis (second son) married Elizabeth Coiners; and also Jane Rainsford. Their only son
F. — John, of Gunston, living time of James I, married Dorothy Cupper. His eldest and fifth sons, respec- tively, were
G. — ^Roger, who married a daughter of William Bayley, or Bailey, of county Stafford ; and
G. — ^Gerard, who was a Captain under Charles I, and died before 1643/4. He had several sons ; three of them, Robert, John, and Talbot, went to Virginia."
It is probable that these three, Robert, John and Talbot, left descendants ; or that others of the family came to Virginia ; for in various records and on tombstones are the names of certain Fowkes of the seventeenth and eig'hteenth centuries w'hose con- nections can not be traced, but who are certainly not descended from Col. Gerard Fowke.
Frank Rede Fowke says, further,
" Roger Fowke [marked ' G ' above] had nineteen children : one was a son, John of Gunston, of Oxford, and of the Tower of London. He (John) married Joyce, daughter of Richard March, Gentleman, Usher to Kings 'Charles I and II. Now there is a Gerard Fowke who in some pedigrees is said to be the son of this John and Joyce, whilst in others he is said to have been his brother and [in others ?] to have been the son of John Fowke and Dorothy Cupper. Anyway, this Gerard
married Ann, daughter of , and relict of Job
Chandler of Port Maryland, Island of Tobago. By her he had two sons, Gerard and Adam, and two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth. This Elizabeth married William Dent of Mary- land."
COLONEL GEEAED FOWKE. 5
It is plain from this abstract that an attempt was made in England to preserve the family record of the Virginia branch ; and that the transcriber became confused over the different Gerards, as he did over the locality : " Port Maryland, Isle of Tobago" manifestly 'being a mistake for "Port Tobacco, Province of Maryland."
All the early Virginia writers agree in saying that the an- cestor of the Virginia and Maryland Fowkes was " Gerard, the sixth son of Roger Fowke of Brewoode and Gunston, Staf- fordshire, and Mary, his wife." They, say further, that he married Anne Chandler, the widow of Job Chandler of Mary- land (though some by error call her daughter instead of widow), and that "he had two sons, Adam and Gerard, and two daughters, Mary and Elizabeth, the latter marrying Wil- liam Dent."
This Anne Chandler was a daughter of Adam Thoroughgood. Job 'Chandler was appointed Receiver-General of Maryland, and Member of the Council, June 9, 1651 ; and was a Member of the Council, 1651-1654 and 1656-1659, his last appearance being on 4 June 1659. He died the same year.
In relation to the Thoroughgoods, the following is taken from " Colonial Families of the United States " (Rhoades), page 76, vol. 7.
" Adam Thoroughgood, builder of the oldest Colonial home in America; Commander of a Royal Troop; member of the King's Council; First Judge of lower Norfolk, Va. ; b. 1602; d. 1641 ; came to Virginia 1621 ; he was the son of William and Ann (Edwards) Thoroughgood, who was the brother of Sir John and Sir Edward Thoroughgood, of Gunston, England. He m. Sarah Offley, dau. of Robert Offley, merchant of Grace street, London, England, and his wife, Ann Osborne, dau. of Sir Edward Osborne, Knight, Lord Mayor of London, 1583, whose wife was Ann Hewitt, dau. of William Hewitt, Lord Mayor of London, 1559.
"Sarah Offley, bapt. 16th April, 1609; m. 18th July, 1627, at Saint Ann's, Black Friars, England, to Adam Thoroughgood ;
b MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
they had one son, Adam, and three daughters; Ann, m. Jab Chandler, Maryland councillor; Sarah Offley married a Mary- land councillor; Elizabeth m. Capt John Michael, of Acco- mac, Va."
Family tradition says there were three Gerards in succes- sion, the third being father of ( 402 ) Chandler Fowke. Alex- ander Brown says the immigrant had a son, Gerard, and a daughter, Jean, who married a Mercer; and that it was this second Gerard who married Anne Chandler. This maiTiage did not take place until nearly ten years after Colonel Fowke came to America, as a record dated 1661 2/12 says Col. Gerard Fowke " lately married the widow of Job Chandler.''
There is a tradition among the present Virginia Fowkes that the immigrant was married before leaving England and that his wife was named Hope. Certainly there was a relationship between these two families ; and the Jean who married Mercer was not the daughter of Anne (Chandler) Fowke. It is prob- able therefore that Col. Gerard Fowke was married twice, and that Gerard (of whom no further mention is made) and Jean were children of the first marriage; and that this Gerard died young, after the second marriage, and after the birth of Adam. Tihe next son was then named Gerard, in order to hold the name. Several instances of this nature occurred in later generations.
Who the Mercer was that married Jean can not be ascer- tained. Miss Kate Mason Rowland wrote " This can not be a Mercer of Marlboro." Dr. William Homer, writing under date of 1822, says " Mercer of Falmouth," and states that he received the information from his grandmother " many years ago."
The coat-of-arms in England are not the same for all branches of the family. Such as appear on tombstones and family records in America correspond with those of the Staffordshire Fowkes, with the addition of a crescent — denoting " increase." This addition was certainly prophetic!
After the accession of Charles II there were at least two, if not three, Gerard Fowkes seeking recompense for losses of
COLONEL GERARD FOWXE. 7
property incurred in "behalf of Charles I; hut (201) Gerard of Virginia does not seem to be one of them.
The names of Ahraham and Eichard Fowke are on the early records of Westmoreland county ; it is not known who they were.
The hiography of Eev. Jonathan Boucher, who, in spite of his prominence and popularity as a minister, was chased out of Maryland and Virginia in 1775 or 1776 for his "toryism," contains the following: —
" The family character of body and mind may be traced through many generations. As for instance — every Fitzhugh has bad eyes, every Thornton hears badly, Winstons and Lees talk well. Carters are proud and imperious, and Taliaferros mean and avaricious and Fowkes cruel."
This " cruelty " was evidently a manifestation of violent anger. There is a sort of tradition that in return for some favor accepted from his Satanic Majesty the Fowkes were endowed with " the devil's own temper." Even so late as the middle of the nineteenth century, when one of the blood in an access of rage was guilty of some particularly harsh or cruel action, the neighbors merely remarked that it was " the Fowke temper breaking out again." ISTo other explanation was con- sidered necessary. It did not originate in Virginia ; for at the Assembly of Burgesses, March 23, 1661/2, Colonel Fowke was heavily fined and debarred forever from holding any office, civil or military, in the colony, for harsh treatment of the Indians and for his disobedience and attitude of contempt toward the Burgesses, the Governor, and the " councell."
Yet, at the very next session of the Assembly " Coll. Gerard Fowke " appears as a Burgess from "Westmore- land county. He was sworn in as a new member " to fill a vacancy " ; was described as " formerly of Maryland, now of "Westmoreland," and was one of a committee " to treat with the Governor about a new State House." There is nothing to show that his disabilities had been removed meantime.
Col. Gerard Fowke was " chosen unanimously " as a member of the Maryland Assembly in 1666. At that time he owned a
8 MAEYLAND HISTOKICAI. MAGAZINE.
plantation " at the head of Port Tobacco creek " in Charles county. He was one of the commissioners of Charles county in 1667, and perhaps later, as shown in the " Archives of Mary- land " under date of Dec. 23, 1667 : " Commission then issued for the peace of Charles county (ut est fol 246) the names of the 'Commissioners in the same encluded are (vizt) — Henry Adams, Thomas Matthews ; Col. Gerard ffowke " — and others. This date appears in the printed archives as 1672; an error in transcribing.
There were, and probably still are, some interesting docu- ments in the possession of a branch of the family in Virginia. Some brief extracts from these are given here.
On Sept. 18, 1672, " Eichard Hope, Gent:, of N'eithills in Parish of Wolverhampton, Stafford, England," conveyed " to Anne Fowke of Maryland, widow of Gerard Fowke, for £35 all his lands commonly called Mathapungo and formerly enjoyed by the ' King of the Potomac,' adjoining a piece of ground owned by the said Gerard Fowke, said land being on record in Stafford county."
On the same parchment " Anne Fowke makes over to her son Gerard Fowke the above piece of land."
On Oct. 19, 1672, Hope appoints an attorney to convey his property of Mathapungo to Mrs. Anne Fowke of Port Tobacco, with Francis Fowke as witness; and on July 13, 1673, for £6, paid through Richard Chandler of London, makes over every- thing he has in Stafford county, Virginia, to Anne Fowke, widow, of Maryland.
Among these papers is a bill of costs for witness fees against Captain Chandler Fowke, bearing date of 1727. In this docu- ment it is recited that Colonel Gerard Fowke, on April 30, 1664, obtained a patent for 1200 acres of land " abutting northerly on the Potomac, westerly on the Pescatansey creek, southerly and easterly on ye maine woods." Colonel Fowke, it is stated, " sometime after " moved to Maryland, " where he died in 1669, leaving one son, Gerard, then six or seven years old, father of the plaintiff, who then and ever after lived in Maryland."
COLONEL GEEAED FOWKE.
Under date of Sept. 7, 1664, Col. Gerard Fowke deeds 400 acres of this land to his " beloved kinsman, Ricliard Hope."
In every printed reference, and in most of tlie private records, between 1651 and 1669, Gerard Fowke is always called " Colonel," and tbere is nowbere a reference to a Gerard Junior. So, in spite of tradition, and notwithstanding Alex- ander Brown's usual correctness, it seems that tbe idea of two Gerard Fowkes of mature age within these dates must be abandoned.
Certain data from various sources are here collated :
Colonel Gerard Fowke settled in the ISTorthern JSTeck of Vir- ginia shortly after the battle of Worcester in 1651.
Was a land owner in Westmoreland county at least as early as 1657.
Was Justice of Westmoreland county in 1655 and 1662.
Was Burgess in 1658 and 1663.
Was Captain of Virginia forces in 1658.
Was married to Anne Chandler in 1661.
Was disfranchised March 23, 1662, by the Virginia House of Burgesses and " forever " disqualified from holding any office in Virginia. But it does not seem this action was intended to be taken seriously, for we find that after being identified as "formerly of Maryland but now of Westmoreland," he was sworn in " to fill a vacancy," at James City, Sept. 10, 1663. This was the first session after the one which had deprived him of all rights in the colony.
Obtained a patent for land on Paspitansey creek, April 30, 1664.
Moved to Maryland some (that is, an indefinite length of) time after April 30, 1664, and died there in 1669, leaving a son, Gerard, then 6 or 7 years old. This last Gerard, then, was born in 1662 or 1663 ; and he " ever after lived in Mary- land."
10 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Writing before tiie Civil War, Judge Fitzliugli said,
" The Fowke family are now historical, if for no other reason than that its descendants in the female line, are more numerous than those of any other family in the South. We suspect there is hardly a neighborhood ten miles square in the South, in which there is not kin, connection or descendants of the Fowkes."
Judge Fitzhugh's statement may not be exaggerated. Charts are in existence showing hundreds of names of persons descend- ed from Colonel Gerard Fowke, the immigrant ; and yet eadh of these charts relates only to one branch or is confined to later generations. But all of them are incomplete, even within these reduced limits. From the very beginning, we are continually finding such items as " descendants are numerous," " left a large family," and the like.
And in all this host, the name of Fowke iseldom appears. 'Not many of the men married; few of those who did marry left sons. To illustrate the scarcity of the family name there will be presented here a list of all those bearing it, who could be traced, beginning with the first generation and coming down to 1916. Many letters to various localities where members of the family settled long ago, brought only the response " ISTo one of that name known in this vicinity." So it is probable the family name is practically extinct; or if not, that it soon will be.
Using all the information obtainable, the following chart has been compiled. No female line has been followed out ; but all who were born with the name are included. If all data were availalble the list would undoubtedly be greatly expanded. The first figure of the number prefixed to a name indicates the generation to which that person belonged, beginning with Roger Fowke of England. The second and third figures, and the capital letters following the name, are for identification on succeeding pages.
(101) — ^Roger Fowke, of Brewoode and Gunston, Staf- fordshire, England, had, according to the Eng-
COLONEL GEEARD FOWKE. H
lish records, 19 children; according to tlie Vir- ginia records, 15. We are not concerned with any of these except the sixth son,
(201) — Gerard Fowke; Gentleman of the Bed-Chamber to King Charles I; Colonel in the British Army; escaped to Virginia after the battle of Worcester in 1651; died in Maryland in 1669. Besides plantations in Virginia, he owned '• Gunston," "'Cedar Hill," " Hill Top," and other places near ISTanjemoy and Port Tobacco in Charles Country, Maryland. It seems he was twice married. By the first marriage (name of wife unknown) was a son — ^Gerard, of whom there is no further record. — Jean, who married a Mercer. He married in 1661 Anne Chandler, by whom there were four children —
(301) — ^Adam, died young.
(302) — Elizabeth, married William Dent, " an eminent lawyer of ISTanjemoy."
(303) — Gerard, born in 1662 or '63, married Sarah Burdett of Charles county, Maryland, in 1686. Dr. Horner (1822) states that he married a Miss Lomax, and that he " was told so by Mrs. Mc- Grnder and Mrs. Alexander;" but no other men- tion of this marriage has been found.
(304) — Mary, married George Mason of Virginia. George Mason, author of " Virginia Bill of Eights," and James M. Mason of the Civil War period, were among her descendants.
(303) — ^Gerard Fowke was father of:
(401) — Gerard Fowke, who died unmarried.
(402) — Chandler Fowke, married Mary, daughter of Captain Kichard Fossaker of Stafford or King George county, Virginia; he ' was a Justice with George Mason." (A)
12 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
(403) — ^Roger Fowke, married Anne Stone and died in
Maryland. (B) (404) — Anne Fowke, married Robert Alexander, found- er of Alexandria, Virginia. (405) — Frances Fowke, married Dr. Giistavus Brown,
of Cliarles county, Maryland. (406) — Catherine Fowke, married Ellswortli Bayne. (407) — Elizabetli Fowke, died unmarried. (A) (402)— Chandler Fowke had
(501) — ^Gerard Fowke, married Ms iQousin Elizabeth
Dinwiddle. (C) (502) — Chandler Fowke, married Mary, daughter of
Thomas Harrison of King George county, Vir- ginia. (D) (503) — William Fowke, married his cousin (509) Jane
Fowke. They left no descendants. (504) — ^Richard Fowke, married Anne, dau^ter ot
Thomas Bunbury of King George county. He died
in the Revolutionary Army. (E) (505) — Elizabeth Fowke, married Zechariab Brazier. (506) — ^Anne Fowke, married Hooe, of Alexandria,
Virginia. (507) — ^Susannah Fowke, married Henry Peyton, March
15, 1764.
(B) (403) — ^Roger Fowke, had a son and a daughter. (508) — ^Gerard Fowke, of ISTanjemoy. (F)
(509) — Jane Fowke, married (503) William Fowke.
(C) (501) — 'Gerard Fowke had seven sons and four daugh-
ters: (601) — Chandler, or George Chandler, "went south."
Married Miss Frazier of South Carolina. No
record. (602) — Roger Fowke, "went south." IsTo record. (603) — Gerard Fowke, "went south." No record. (604) — ^William Fowke, married Bronaugh. 'No record.
COLONEL GERARD FOWXE. 13
(605) — ^Eobert Dinwiddie Fowke, born Sept. 20, 1746.
Married Peachy. 'No record. (606)— Elizabeth Fowke, married Col. William Phillips
of Virginia. (607)— -George Fowke, bom in 1764. Married Sarah
Bartlett of (West) Virginia. Went to Kentucky.
(O) (608) — Enfield, or lAnphel, Fowke, mairried Gabriel
Jones Johnston, a noted lawyer of Louisville, Ken- tucky. (609) — John Fowke, Iborn June 26, 1757. No record. (610) — Mary Fowke, married Slaughter of Culpeper
county, Virginia. (611) — Sarah Fowke, married Wiley Eoy of Fauquier
county, Virginia.
(D) (502)— ^Chandler Fowke had:
(612) — Frances Fowke, married Bradford.
(613) — I^ellie Fowke, married Latham.
(614) — Sarah Fowke, married Hewlett of Charles
county. (615) — John Sidneyham Fowke, went to Aiken, South
Carolina, where he married Sarah Johnston. (H) (616) — Thomas Harrison Fowke, born June, 1770, died
in King George county in 1843. Married Susan
Baker. (I)
— Four other daughters, none of whom married.
(E) (504) — Richard Fowke had four children.
(621) — Roger Fowke, married Susan Hawes of Essex or King William county, Virginia. Went from Fau- quier county, Virginia, to Mason county, Ken- tucky, in 1804. (J)
(622) — Susannah Fowke, married Ben Berry.
(623) — Judith Fowke, married Enoch Berry.
(624) — Lucy Fowke, married Alexander Hawes.
(F) (508) — Gerard Fowke had two sons.
14 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
(626) — ^Koger Fowke, married Miss Rudd of Charles coiinty. ^0 record.
(627) — 'Gerard Fowke, married Sallie Hanson of Oharles county. (K) (G) (607) — George Fowke had seven children.
(705) — Elizabeth Dinwiddie Fowke, died unmarried.
(706) — ^Anne Fowke, married Grimes. Went to Illinois.
(707) — Gerard Fowke, horn 1791, married Anne Rogers. He served in the War of 1812. Went to Missouri, where he died (at Paris) in 1881. He was the last Fowke who bore the original full name. (L)
(708) — Richard Fowke, married Susan E. Hite. Was in the War of 1812. Saw Tecumseh killed. Died in Clarksiburg, West Virginia, in 1866. (M)
(709) — ^Mary Fowke, married Bartlett.
(710)— William Chandler Fowke, born in 1796. Went to Illinois. 'No record. (*)
(711) — John Sidneyham Fowke, born in 1800. Mar- ried Stealey. Went to Missouri. (N) (H) (615) — John Sidneyham Fowke (of South Carolina) had one son.
(723) — Richard Chandler Fowke, married Allin. Died in South Carolina. (O) (I) (616) — Thomas Harrison Fowke had one son and four daughters.
(724) — Samuel B. Fowke, married Ellen Jenkins of King George county. Died in 1873. (P)
(725)— Eliza Fowke, married Clift of Washington, D. C.
(726) — Biicy B. Fowke, married Sisson. (727) — Anne Fowke, married Lexington'. (728) — ^Mary Fowke, died unmarried. (J) (621) — Roger Fowke had seven children.
* There was a " William Fowke, born in Loudon county, Virginia, in 1793, who settled in Sangamon county, Illinois," where he died. Most, or all of his children "went to Iowa." This was not (710) William C, and his name can not be found in Virginia records.
COLONEL GEEARD FOWKE. 15
(T29)— Anne Bunburj Fowke, born in 1800. Married
Ignatius Mitchell of Mason county, Kentucky. (730)— Richard Chandler Fowke, went to Louisiana.
ITo record. (731)— Elizaibeth Towke, married Col. Charles S.
Mitchell of Mason county, Kentucky. (732) — Caroline Fowke, married Dr. Charles AUin of
Henderson county, Kentucky. (733) — ^Roger Fowke, died young. (734) — Gerard Fowke, died young. (735) — William Fowke. Left no descendants. (K) (627) — Gerard Fowke (married Hanson) had;
(751) — Eoger Fowke, married a daughter of Richard Robbins Reeder, near Port Tobacco, about 1783. (Q) (752)^ — Katie Fowke, married Jack Robertson of Scot- land. (753) — Sallie Fowke, married Dr. John Chapman of
Port Tobacco. She died about 1800. (754) — Gerard Fowke, married Margery Smith. Died in Maryland. (R) (L) (707)— ^Gerard Fowke had
(*) — Sarah A. Fowke, married Bridgeforth; died in
1840. (*) — Joseph Russell Fowke, born in 1828. Left no
sons. (*) — Valentine Fowke. ISTo record. (*) — Mary J. Fowke, married Marcus Wills. (*) — ^Marenda Fowke, married Stephen Woodson. (*) — Lucy Fowke, married Lother. (*) — Susan Fowke, married IST. Wilson. (M) (708) — ^Richard Fowke (married Hite) had
(804)— Sarah E. Fowke, bom in 1835, married :N'. E.
Worthington, a lawyer of Peoria, Illinois. (805) — Susan C. Fowke, married Dr. Theo. F. Lang, of Baltimore.
16 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAI. MAGAZINE.
(806) — Caroline S. Fowke, married D. W. Eobinson of
Clarksburg, West Virginia. (807) — Mary C. Fowke, married P. H. Goodman. (808) — ^William Peyton Fowke, married Missouri Fittes.
Lived at Buchanan, West Virginia. (S) (809)— Ella Hite Fowke, married R. E. Post. (N) (711) — Jolm Sidneyham Fowke had
(811) — William E. Fowke, married Penn. 'No record. (812) — Sarah E. Fowke, married Moon, and then Harvey
Arnold. (813) — Susan Fowke, married Dr. Joseph West.
(*) — George Fowke, " went to San Jacinto, Califor- nia." No record. (*) — ^Anne Fowke who, it is said, '^'married a Fowke" ;
hut there is no further record. (0) (723) — Richard Chandler Fowke had nine children.
(815) — Sarah Massilon Fowke, married Michael D.
Treanor, then Captain Richard Johnston (of Sa- vannah, Georgia, prohaibly). (816) — ^Caroline Hewlett Fowke, married William H.
Dickerson of Savannah. (817)— John Cargill Allin Fowke, horn April 11, 1837.
Married Miss Cater. Died in South Carolina. (T) (818) — ^Richard Clarence Fowke, died unmarried. (819) — Gustavus Ford Fowke, died unmarried. (820) — Hanitta Amelia Fowke, married William H.
Hewlett. (821) — Susan Rosahelle Fowke, married D. W. Wood-
rufi of Savannah. (822) — Julienne Paul Fowke, died unmarried. (823) — Medora Jessie May Fiowke, married W. W.
Chisholm. (P) (724) — Samuel B. Fowke had four children.
(824) — ^William Thomas Fowke, died unmarried. (825) — Susan Fowke, born in 1848, married Reed of
Westmoreland county, Virginia.
COLONEL GERARD FOWEE. lY
(826) — Thaddeus Edgar Fowke, of Occoquan, Virginia. If the law of primogeniture prevailed here, he would be the " head of the family " in America. No record. (827) — Eoy Talford Fowke, lived in King George county, Virginia. 'No record. (Q) (T51 ) — Eoger Fowke had one son.
(828) — ^Harrison Fowke, married Weaver. Lived in Fauquier county. (U) (E) (Y54) — Gerard Fowke (married Margery Smith) had two sons. (831) — Gerard Fowke, married a daughter of Zachariah Price, of Bellmont on ISTanjemoy creek, in Charles county. (V) (832) — James Fowke, married a sister of his brother's wife. No record. (S) (808) — ^William Peyton Fowke had one son. (*) — Eichard S. Fowke. No record. (*) — Three daughters. No record. (T) (817) — John Cargill Allin Fowke had three sons.
(*)_John Cargill Allin Fowke. " Went to Georgia."
No record. (*) — Clarence Fowke. No record. (*) — Cater Fowke. No record. (*) — Five daughters. No record. (TJ) (828) — ^Harrison Fowke had one son. (*) — ^Frederick Fowke. No record. (*) — Four daughters. No record. (V) (831) — Gerard Fowke (married Price).
(90l)_Mary Fowke, bom about 1803, married Joseph
Young of Port Tobacco. (902) — Catherine Elizabeth Fowke, married Dr. Francis
E. Wills of Charles county. (903) — ^William Augustus Fowke, died unmarried. (904)_Verlinda Stone Fowke, born in 1813, married
Dr. A. H. Eobertson of Baltimore. (W) 2
18 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
(W) (904) — ^Verlinda Stone (Fowke) Eo'bertsoii had three children, one a son, William Augustus Fowke Eobertson, who dropped his last name, and so far as known was the last Fowke in Maryland.
After the death of (Y07) Gerard Fowke, the writer, who is a grandson of (731) Elizaheth (Fowke) Mitchell, was given the name bj legal enactment.
These are all the Fowkes who are undoubtedly descendants of Col. Fowke, whom I have been able to trace in years of diligent work, involving many journeys and the writing of hundreds of letters. Altogether, there are only fifty-five male descendants found during a period of more than 250 years; and not one of these has ever accomplished anything which would make him worthy of taking a place at the side of his immigrant ancestor, ^o doubt there were, and possibly are, many others ; but no one seems to know anything about them if such is the case. And as said elsewhere, there are a few Fowkes known of who can not be made to fit into this list.
From a study of old pictures ; from family and other records and traditions ; from descriptions obtained from those who knew some of the name that were born long prior to the Revolutionary War; — the Fowkes of the earlier times seem to have been a people of remarkable personality. For several generations, under diverse circumstances, the " Fowke blood " made itself manifest. Physically, they were robust, heavy-set, large, never slender, never short, yet never appearing tall because their bulk made their stature less apparent. Their eyes were usually dark blue, keen, penetrating, clear, cold, with a stern, direct, look that forbade any attempt at familiarity. The hair was black or very dark, straight and abundant. The nose was large, either straight or slightly arched, with only a slight depression or often no depression at all, between the eyes. They were intensely proud, even haughty ; indomitable ; not to be swerved from any course they marked out for themselves ; easily aroused, and ferocious when angered. There is a striking resemblance
SOME EARLY COLOlSriAL MAETLANDEES. 19
in the pictures of those dead long ago, to those who were living in tlie last century. But it is a singular fact, that while these resemblances of body and mind seem to have characterized the family wherever they may have scattered, up to and including the sixth generation from the immigrant Colonel Gerard Fowke, they seem to have disappeared at once and completely in that generation. They hold true with many whom I have known among the older people, but are entirely absent among those coming later. It is as if this personality had maintained itself to the utmost limit and then vanished utterly.
SOME EARLY COLONIAL MARYLANDERS
McHenky Howaed
(Continued from Vol. XV, p. 324.)
8. Captain Luke Oaedinee, and the coming of the Gardiners.
Luke Gardiner came into the Colony of Maryland in 1637 under the name of Luke Garnett — or, at least, his name is so written in the records for a time — 'but as to how he came these early records are not consistent in their accounts. And as the entries in the Land Office Books give a curious insight into the way the Land Office side of the Government worked — and, some will think, how it was "worked" — ^these entries will be given in some detail.
In Liber L. O. R. No. 1 of the Record Books in the Land Office at Annapolis, on page 7, is the following entry: "Came into this Province the 8th of August 1637 Mr. Thos. Copley ^ and Mr. John Knolls ^ who have transported Robert Hedger, Luke Garnett, ..." [7 others.] ^ This entry is printed in the
* Thomas Copley is said to have been a Catholic priest and John Knowles a lay brother; Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 1, p. 298.
' These earliest books seem (to give an accoimt of what was going on in the Colony, the arrival of immigrants, &c.
20 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Maryland Historical Magazine, Volume 5, page 166. And on page 20 of the Land Office Liber is "Entered 'by Mr. Copley . . . Brougbt into the Province in the year, 1637, Mr. Thomas Copley, Mr. John Knowles, Robt. Hedger, Luke Garnett . . ." [12 others], Which is printed in the same volume of the Maga- zine, page 169. And on 18 April 1642 Thomas Copley, Esqr., demands 4,000 acres for transporting into the Province himself and 20 able men at his charge in 1637, and among them Luke Gamett. (Same Liber, Page 25, and same volume of the Maga- zine, page 173).
On 4 December 1639 (?) Mr. fferdinando Pulton ^ demands land due by conditions of plantation under these titles following, viz., for men brought in by several persons whose assignee said Pulton is and for men brought in his own right ... as assignee of Mr. Thomas Copley 1637 . . . Luke Garnett . . . (Same
Liber, page , and Magazine, page 267). And according
to page 268 of the Magazine, Mr. Pulton demanded also 140 acres (of the Town Land ?) for men transported before 1638, among them Luke Garnett. How these conflicting claims were settled, and with Luke's own claim which will appear presently, if they were not all or several of them admitted, might be dis- covered from a tedious examination of the land patents.
In Liber L.O.R. '^o. 1, after the entry first quoted above, is the further entry: [Came into this Province the 8th of August 1637 &c.] "Richard Garnett, Senior, who has transported his wife, Richard Garnett, his son . . ." (Same Vol. of the Magazine, page 166.) And on page of the same Liber Richard Gar- nett demands for transporting himself in 1637; but this is marked "IST. B. Crossed out," and on 4 December 1640 he de- mands to have granted to him a manor of 1,000 acres for trans- portation of himself, his wife and 4 children and 2 servants into this Province in 1637, and on 5 December a warrant is issued to the Surveyor to lay lout for him a manor of 1,000 acres on the South side of the Patuxent River, who returns on 6 December his certificate of the laying out of the 1,000 acres
• Catholic priest; Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 1, p. 299.
SOME EARLY COLONIAL MAEYLANDERS. 21
''bounding on the North with St. Lawrence Creek and a parallel line drawn from the Westernmost bite of said creek where the manor of St. Gregorie ends, due West till it intersects the path waj leading over the head of the said St. Lawrence's Creek, on the West with a Meridian Line drawn from the said Intersection for the length of 530 perches, on the South with a parallel line drawn from the end of the said 530 perches due East until it intersects the Meridian of the Southernmost branch of St. Steven's Creek, where the manor of the Conception ends, and on the East with Patuxent River. This demand, warrant and re- turn are also on page 77 of Liber A. B. & H. — such repetitions are quite common in the early Libers — and they are printed in full on page 366 of Volume 5 of this Magazine. In this claim Richard Garnett may not have included Luke among the 4 chil- dren for whom he demanded.
Richard "Garnett" also appears under that name, with a few exceptions, in other early Maryland Archives. As Richard Gar- nett, Senior, of Mattaponient [Hundred — before the erection of Counties], planter, he took his seat in the first General As- sembly of Ereemen, or the first of which we have knowledge,* on 25 January 1637/8. (Archives of Maryland, printed, Pro- ceedings lof the Assembly 1637/8-1664, page 2 and following pages; on page 106 Richard Gardner of Mattaponient appears by proxy in 1641 to answer for him at the next " Parliament.") He very frequently also appears in the Archives, Provincial Court 1637-1650, as a litigant or otherwise, the name being generally written Garnett, but sometimes Gardyner, or Gardiner. In these Provincial Court Records, 1637-1650 and 1649/50- 1657, Luke, his son, of whom presently, in his frequent appear- ances is with few exceptions named "Gardiner." In 1641
*For a time after the landing of the first "Adventurers" in Maryland in March 1634 they were probably too busily engaged in settling themselves in their new homes to take up, or need, any matters of legislation. When Assemblies were first held — if there were any before that of 1637/8 — we do not know. For a few years these Assemblies were of all the freemen of the Colony, all having the right, and it being their duty to appear in person or by proxy. This being inconvenient, the election of delegates or Burgesses for (the Hundreds or Counties was soon substituted.
22 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
" rich. Garnett sen^ " was, with, other inhabitants of St. Mary's County, assessed for the expenses of defense against the Indians the preceding summer. (Proceedings of the Council 1636-1667, page 137). He was living in 1644 as the above references show, but probably died in that year. No will appears.
A Captain Hichard Gardiner of Calvert County is in later Maryland Records, but whether he was the Richard, son of Richard Gamett-'Gardiner whom hifi father claimed to have transported in 1637, is not shown. If he was the same he became a Protestant (whereas the G^ar diner family, for several genera- tions at least, was zealously Catholic), for in 1692, in the first organization of Protestant Parishes, he was a Vestryman of All Faith's Church and Parish in Calvert County. (Archives, Pro- ceedings of the Council 1687/8-1693, p. 474, and 1696/7-1698, p. 18). And yet a (younger) Luke Gardiner is a witness to his will in 1693, indicating relationship, and he devises land in St. Mary's County. (Baldwin's Calendar, Vol. 2, page 67). A Richard Gardiner had demanded land on 11 December 1665 " for his freedom right," that is, on expiration of his term of service.
Contradicting the claims of others for transportation, Luke Gardiner, after enquiring of Governor Thomas Greene what had been the Conditions of Plantation between 1633 and 1637 (Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1636-1664, page 259), on 10 March 1650/1 "demandeth land as due to him for the transportation of Richard Gardiner, his father, and his wife, Luke's mother, deceased, Richard, himself and John Gardiner, his son (s?); Elias Beach, their manservant; Elizabeth and Julian Gardiner, their daughters, and Mary Derrick in Anno 1637. And for the transportation of Luke himself and Julian, his sister, after they were forced out Anno 1647. And 50 acres due to Richard Lustick, servant to Mr. Copley, who married Luke's sister, deceased, who survived her said hsband." (Land Office Liber L. O. R. No. 1, page 167, and Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 9, page 39). The claim for land after Luke and his sister Julian had been "forced out Anno 1647" refers to
SOME EAKLY COLONIAL MAETLANDEKS. 23
Claiborne and Ingle's Eebellion when Governor Leonard Cal- vert, witli adherents, were compelled to take refuge in Virginia for a short time, but to make their return from a brief exile the basis for a new claim for land certainly seems a straining of the Conditions of Plantation. However, the Proprietary got his quit rents and land was superabundant.
Luke Gardiner had already, on 28 September 1650 "demand- ed 100 acres for transporting himself into this Province out of Virginia in the year 164Y, and desireth that Saeaweykitt, being the Plantation which was his father's, may be granted to him upon this title." (Liber L. 0. K. ITo. 3, page 65 ; Liber A. B. & H., page 50 ; Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 8, page 267) . And he had evidently written to Lord Baltimore on the su'bject of his claims and the mistake in his and his father's name, for on page 206 of Liber A. B. & H. there is a letter from Caecilius, Lord Baltimore to Governor William Stone contain- ing the following instructions:
". . . And also to pass another grant to Luke Gardiner and his heirs (he being the son and heir of Eichard Gardiner), of the manor of St. Richard's, containing 1,000 acres, which we find was formerly passed by patent to said Richard Gardiner and his heirs by the name of Richard Garnett, his name being mistaken in the said grant, but (as we are informed), the said Luke having lost his patent also in the late troubles there, he cannot make his rights to said land appear nor consequently en- joy the same without a new grant from us which we conceive ourselves bound in Justice and Honour to give him. *****
Given at London 26 August in the 20th year of our Domin- ion and in the year of our Lord 1651. C. Baltimore." (Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 3, page 162).
On page 226 of Liber A. B. & H., under date of 9 August 1652, there is an entry reciting that whereas Luke Gardiner transported himself and Julian his sister into the Province in 1647 . . . Therefore directing a warrant to lay out for him
24 MAKTLANI) HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
200 acres on Soutli side of Patuxent River at a place there called Saccawakitt formerly seated hj Richard Gardiner, his father. And on page 238, under date of "last day" of Decem- ber 1652 is a grant to Luke Gardiner, son of Richard by the name of Richard Garnett of 1,000 acres as a manor. These are probably in settlement of Luke's demand of 28 September 1650 and Lord Baltimore's direction of 26 August 1651. And he took out patents for other lands as assignee of the rights of other persons, &c. (L. O. R. 'N'O. 1, page 171 ; Liber A. B. & H., pages 47, 66; Liber No. 9, page 69). He probaibly lived for some time on what had been his father's plantation in the Eastern part of St. Mary's County, but seems to have moved to the strong Catholic neighborhood of (old) ISTewtown in the Southwestern part.
In Marc'h 1659/60 (Old Style) he was elected a Burgess to the Lower House of Assembly for St. Mary's County,^ but his name is not mentioned as one of those sitting in that short ses- sion which ended on 14 March in dissension between the Gor- ernor and the House. He was elected again in the latter part of 1660 (O. S.) to the next Assembly and took his seat on the first day of the session, 17 April 1661.^ He again appears as Burgess for St. Mary's County in the new Assembly at the opening of the session, 1 April 1662.'^ He seems not to have been a Burgess again until 1671, when Capt. Luke Gardiner appears at the beginning of the session, 27 March, as one of the "Deputies or Delegates" for St. Mary's County.^
Luke Gardiner was commissioned a Justice of the Peace for St. Mary's County 14 June 1661 ^ and as Capt. Luke Gardiner was re-commissioned 5 September 1664 ^"^ and appears sitting in the County Court at !N"ewtown in March 1663/4 and March
■ Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1637/8-1664, p. 384.
• Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1637/8-1664, p. 396.
' Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1637/8-1664, pp. 426, 441. » Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1666-1676, pp. 239, 243, 311.
• Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1636-1667, p. 422.
" AjTchives, Proceedings of the Council 1636-1667, p. 503.
SOME EARLY COLONIAL MAEYLANDEKS. 25
1665/6.^^ And lie was again appointed Justice and of the Quorum 19 August 1668.^2
On 28 January 1660/1 lie was commissioned Lieutenant under Colonel William Evans of the foot Company by him to be raised between Wiccocomako River and Bretton's Bay.^^ And on 24 April 1661 he is styled Captain-Lieutenant under the command of William Evans.^* He is thereafter styled Captain.
In illustrations of the state at this time of even the lower and first settled part of the Colony, it may be mentioned that Captain Luke Gardiner was paid bounties for wolves' heads on 25 Sep- tember 1666 1^ and 22 October 1667.i«
Before April 1654 Luke Gardiner married Elizabeth Hatton, daughter of Eichard Hatton of London, who, with her mother, 2 brothers and 2 sisters, had come to Maryland in 1649 under the auspices of her uncle, Secretary Thomas Hatton (Liber L. O. R. N^o. 1, page 440, Liber A. B. & H., page 422 ; Davis's Day Star, page 200). On the 23rd of April 1654 he was cited to appear before the Provincial Court to answer a charge of detaining at his house his wife's sister, Elinor Hatton, 12 years old, to train her up in the Roman Catholic religion, but on his producing her to the Court, she was turned over to her uncle, Secretary Hatton, and the case was, as we would now say, "Stetted." (Liber L. O. R. :N'o. 1, pages 561, 563, and Ar- chives, Provincial Court 1649/50-1657, pages 354, 356). ^^
" Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1636-1667, pp. 514, 540.
"Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1667-1687/8, p. 33.
" Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1636-1667, p. 399.
" Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1637/8-1664, p. 401.
"■ Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1630-1667, p. 557.
" Archives, Proceedings of (the Council 1667-1687/8, p. 20.
" Elinor Hatton married 1st Major Thomas Brooke, 2nd Col. Henry Darnall — ^both Catholics — and left issue by each. She died in 1725; Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 1. p. 71.
Luke Gardiner had once before been brought before tthe Provincial Court — in 1650, for slandering Col. John Price, a Member of the Council — but on his pleading that the slanderous words were spoken in a private conversa- tion with him and with the additional words "for ought he knew," the Court, while finding him guilty of "disrespective expression to one of his Lordship's Counsel," remitted the offense on his acknowledging his fault, upon hopes of a more "respective carriage" hereafter; Archives, Provincial Court 1649/50-1657, page 35.
26 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Luke Gardiner's will, dated 4 December 1673, proved 12 August 1674 (between whicb dates be therefore died), and re- corded in tbe old Prerogative Court in Liber IsTo. 1, page 631 (now in tbe Land Office), and a brief extract of wbicb is in Baldwin's Calendar of Maryland Wills, Vol. 1, page 82, devises a large landed estate in St. Mary's and Charles Counties to bis wife, Elizabeth, and 4 sons, Richard, John, Luke and Thomas but if any son change bis religion "that he be no Catholic" his share to be divided amongst his brothers; and besides other tokens of his strong Catholic feelings, he leaves tobacco (cur- rency) to the priests at Newtown and Port Tobacco, the one living at the Governor's and the one living at the Chancellor's ; and he directs that he be buried according to tbe ceremony of the Holy Catholic Church. At the foot of the recorded will is an entry : "Whereupon the Judge here eonsidereth that there being no Executor in the will named the said Luke Gardiner was dead as intestate and therefore orders Letters to Elizabeth, the widow of said Luke." This probably does not mean to declare the de- vises void, but to relate to the conduct of the administration of the personal estate. Mrs. Elizabeth Gardiner married 2°'^ Clement Hill, Senior, vt^hose will, dated 17 ISTovember 1702 and abstracted in Baldwin's Calendar in Vol. 3, page 107, indicates that she had died before him and left no issue by him. Luke Gardiner was probably buried at the old iN'ewtovni Church.
Eiichard Gardiner, whom his father in his will calls his eldest son and who apparently was then of age, the others being under 18 years, although his father had left him Barberton Manor in Charles County — on the ISTorth side of Piscataway Creek and therefore afterwards in the later formed Prince George's County — seems to have chosen a residence in St. Mary's County. He was appointed a "Gentleman Justice" of that County on 30 April 1677 and was re-appointed 8 March 1677/8, 2 August 1679, 13 December 1680 ^^ and was again commissioned 30 May 1685,1^ also and of the quorum 28 April 1 686.20
« Archives, Procee<iing9 of the Council 1671-1681, pp. 153, 224, 256, 326. " Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1681-1685/6, p. 379. *> Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1667-1687/8, p. 462.
SOME EABLY COLONIAL MAEYLANDEES. 27
On 6 and 10 September and 7 and 12 November 1681 be ap- pears sitting as a member of tbe Lower House of Assembly,^^ but on 14 iTovember 1688 tbe House finds tbat since tbe last session a member from St. Mary's County, viz., Mr. Ricbard Gardiner, has died.^^ Between 1678 and 1688 some of tbe Journals of tbe Lower House are missing, some are in bad con- dition and tbere were frequent prorogations, so tbat it cannot be determined wbetber be represented St. Mary's County con- tinuously during tbat period.
By an act for Advancement of Trade, passed at tbe October- l^^ovember session 1683 be was appointed one of Commissioners to lay out Towns, Ports and otber public places in St. Mary's County.^^
Ricbard Gardiner married Elizabeth Weire, daughter of Major John Weire, of (old) Rappahannock County, Virginia. The late Wilson M. Cary, well-known Virginia and Maryland genealogist, communicated to me tbe following extracts or ab- stracts from the records of Essex County Court, Virginia: "1672/12/30 George Jones relinquishes all claim to tbe estate of his wife Honoria, late widow and Executrix of Major John Weire and of her children John and Elizabeth Weire." "1685/11/9 Will of Mrs. Honoria Jones, widow and relict of Mr. George Jones — sick — To my dau. Margaret Blagg, wife of Abraham Blagg, sole Executrix — that seat lor tract of land I purchased of CoU^ John Vassall S. s. Rapp"^ River con?. 1195 acres, absolutely at her disposal. To dau. Elizabeth Gardiner my wedding ring, which joyned me and my husband Major John Weire in matrimonie. To son in law Mr. Abraham Blagg 20 sh. to buy a mourning ring. Ditto to my son Mr. Ricbard Gardiner. To my grandchild Richard Watts [son of John of Washington Parish, Westm^ Co.?] 1 silver spoone 1 silver trencher salt. To my grandsons Abraham and Edward Blagg silver ware &c. To grandsons Luke and John Gardiner ditto."
« Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1678-1683, pp. 151, 163, 227, 243. « Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1684-1692, p. 154. '"Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1678-1683, p. 610.
28 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
And in the Virginia Historical Magazine, Vol. 4, page 434, there is a reference to a Deed, dated 7 July 1697 of 2502 acres in Eiiclunond County, Virginia, by Elizabeth Gardiner, widow, of St. Mary's County, Maryland, daughter and heiress ©f John Weire, late of (old) Rappahannock County,^^ whose land grants in 1666 had aggregated 6570 acres.
The will of Richard Gardiner, of St. Mary's County, dated 19 April 1687 and proved 1 and 3 December 1687 and 26 Janu- ary 1687/8, is recorded in the old Prerogative Court Records (now in the Land Office), in Liber G., page 276, and an abstract is in Baldwin's Calendar, Vol. 2, page 19. He devises lands in St. Mary's County and in Charles County (Barberton Manor), and in Virginia (near Rappannock River), to his wife Eliza- beth, and his 2 sons, Luke and John. He gives 10 pounds ster- ling to the priest that officiates at Newtown Chapel ^^ and 6 pounds sterling to every other priest dwelling in Maryland. And he mentions his "honored father in law^® Mr. Clement Hill" and his honoured Uncle" ^^ Coll Henry Darnall.
After Richard Gardiner the family does not appear promi- nently in Maryland political affairs, no doubt because of the growing Protestant supremacy.
** Old Rappahannock County was quite different from the present County of that name; Essex and Richmond Counties were formed from it; Vir- ginia Historical Magazine, Vol. 2, page 91.
" Mr. James Walter Thomas in his interesting and valuable book "Chroni- cles of Colonial Maryland," pages 215-218, says that a few scaittered bricks may sitill be found around the site of St. Ignatius Chapel at old Newtown and which are the only traces of it, but that the graveyard surrounding the spot where it stood has been used as a place of Roman Catholic burial for nearly two hundred and forty years. Newtown, which has been often mentioned in these articles, was on or near the West side of Bretton's Bay, in a strong Catholic neighborhood and no doubt many prominent Catholics were buried there. Perhaps some early tombstone inscriptions which are now fast wearing away may still be deciphered, as with the Rousby tomb (Rousby article), and such inscriptions in St. Mary's County and else- where should be copied before it is too late.
" Stepfather.
" By marriage.
EXTRACTS FROM THE CARROLL PAPERS. 29
EXTRACTS FROM THE CARROLL PAPERS
(Continued from Vol. XV, p. 291.)
ApriU 8th 1YY4 [249] Dr 'Charley
I have y^» of the 4*^ I realy wish the Oflacers fees settled on an Equitable footting, but if that Cannot be done now I doubt not it's being done in the next session of the House by strong & Proper Resolves Encourage the People to bring Actions ag* such officers as may refuse to Issue Process without ready Pay & if such Resolves are Backed by a few Spirited Papers in our Gazette. A few Recoveries will doe the Business: I suppose such Recoveries to be Certain. I wish by a Resolve every Member would Engage not to Pay larger fees than the Proposed Law allows & to Bring Actions ag*^ the non acceptors of such fees; if they are in Earnest the Propriety of such a resolve Cannot be doubted.
If you will reconsider my Remarks I believe you will be of Opinion the Commissioners did not Exceed their Power, as the inscription is supported by Positive proof, but more of this when I see you. . . .
ApriU 15: 1774 [250] Dr Charley
I have y^^ of the 10*^ Altho the fees proposed by the Fee Bill may be illiberall yet if the House does not Come into the Resolutions mentioned in my last, or Resolutions Similar to them, the Hopes of Setling them by a Law will in Effect be given up by the Lower House & in my opinion Johnson Chase Paca & those you Call the Most Sensible part of the House will I believe in the opinion of most men be severely Censured. The good Opinion I have of Johnsons &c Judgement & integrity Satisfies me th* the Fees proposed are too Illiberall but it does
30 MAEYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
not Satisfy me that they are not under an Obligation to Support a Measure determined by a Majority of the House. When their not doeing it in the strongest Manner will be attended with the most fatall Consequences to the People they Represent: Pray urge this strongly to th°^, & if I thought my opinion might weigh with th™ I would desier you to press it in my name. You say the men who think the fees too much reduced will not Concur in Resolves th* will Have a Tendency to Establish what they think unreasonable But will their not Concurring have an infinitely worse tendency, Vzt to Establish the Insolent preten- sions of the Officers & Government. . . . Pray send me a copy of the Certificate of the Trusty Friend from the Patent & a Copy of our Part of the Trusty Friend, it is the Land about Douglasses, on w^ I am well informed Phil: Hammond has greatly trespassed. I will Employ E, : Davis to try How much. Last Monday T went to see the Soapstone 5 Acres, there is a vast Quantity of it, the whole face of the Hill which is very high, Consists of vast irregular Broken Rocks of Soap Stone, The Piny falls a fine stream runs at the foot of it w^ makes the Place very Romantick. I think I shall find stone for the Collums but it is in generall fitter for flags & Paveing, it Lays much as Slate & may be raised in Stones 2 or 3 feet iSquare & from 2 to 8 or more Inches thick. My journey was some what unfortunate. In my Return I crossed the Piny falls upon a fallen tree, the ford being but indifferent for a Chair. We had the Stallions, they took fright, Broke my Swingle Tree snapped One of my Traces, got to Fighting, flung Will. He says they Bit & trod on Him, they scared Him at least all most out of His Senses. He Hollowed most Vehemently for Help. M'^ Dorsey who was with me, Ran to His Assistance, the Horses were stopped by the Saplings & Bushes. In short after Having been two or three Hours walking up & downe very Steep High rough Stony Hills we were obliged to Leave the Chair & to foot it to M^ Dorseys w^ I think made my Walk th* Day nigh Eight Miles, it agreed well with me, nor did I, as I expected find my self fatigued at night. . . .
EXTRACTS FEOM THE CARROLL PAPERS. 31
May 27: 1774 [254] Dr Ctarley
... I Hear Johnson &c have wrote to you pressing y^ Return on Ace* of an Express from Boston. D : D : it is sayed shakes His Head & Dreads Consequences. He would not advise us to set Puleing & Moaning see His Considerations, I think therein He advises a Cessation of Trade, nothing more I appre- hend is intended.
P. S.
I forgot to take notice of y'"^ of the 20 & 21^*. I shall observe y^ direction about Marshall. I shall give you my opinion on y'^ intended Purchase when I am acquainted with the Scheme. I hope the Colonies will be unanimous & Resolute for their Freedom depends upon their being so.
June 26: 1774 [255] Dr Charley
I thank you for y^^ of yesterday w^ Gives a Pleasing acct* of the Provinciall Meeting. I am Confident America will be unanimous & Resolute because their all is at stake & the Inso- lence of G: B: so great as justly to Provoke every species of Resentment they Can shew. . . .
Phila. 7<^^ Sep* 1774 [258] Dr Papa
I arrived here yesterday about 12 o'clock. The Congress was sitting, no strangers are admitted, & their deliberations are kept secret : I believe the Congress will not continue to set long, particularly in this place, should the news brought yester- day by an express prove true. Boston, it is said, has been canonaded. General Gage had issued orders to seize the powder in the magazines in the neighbouring towns, these orders were enforced but met with some resistance, which, it is suggested, occasioned the canonading Boston. I believe the ace* is mag- nified by distance & report, but it is universally thought here that hostilities were inevitable: if so, the Congress will break
32 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
up speedily, after laying down some regular plan of defence. I hear great spirit & unanimity prevail in this Assembly & that rather than submit to the measures of Administration recourse will be had to arms, a remedy, I confess violent, but no other will cure the present disorders, if hostilities should commence in "New England.
We lodge at the city Tavern in 2^ Street close by M^s Yard's. My love to Molly; tell her I shall not be unmindful of her commissions. I hope you are all well. I confess I am dejected at the gloomy prospect before us, & dread the event. We have as much to fear from victory as a defeat.
In a civil war there is & ought to be, no neutrality, indeed were I permitted to remain neuter I would disdain the offer. I will either endeavor to defend the liberties of my country, or die with them : this I am convinced is the sentiment of every true & generous American
M'^ Johnson desires his comp^*^ to the family, once more: my love to Molly & little Poll. I am
Y^ affectionate son
Ch : Carroll of Carrollton P. S. We hourly expect an express from !N'ew England with a confirmation of yesterday's bad news.
City Tavern 9*^ Sept^ 1774 [259] Dr Papa
I wrote to you the 7*^ expecting the Post would set off for Baltimore the next day : but it will not leave Phil^ til to-morrow. The intelligence communicated in that letter proves entirely false who gave birth to the report w-*^ has thrown all America into confusion is uncertain, no action or fray has yet hap- pened, no jury men could be found to attend the court at Boston: nine of the counsellors who qualified under the new govern* endeavoured to be established in Massachusetts Bay have resigned, those, who will not resign, I hope, will meet with a fate due to their perfidy. If few can be found to act under
EXTRACTS FROM THE CARROLL PAPERS. 33
the new govrn* & those few should be taken off, I can not conceive how Gage will be able to enforce the act of Pari*. The smallest incident may bring matters to the ultima ratio regum: it is with difficulty the People can be restrained from violence, such provocations & such insults it is said they meet with from the Soldiery:
The Congress has cut out business enough: Jurists may pursue the true plan of Policy, but I am apprehensive the demands of America will be too high: it is composed of men of strong sense ; & I hope that will direct them to show a proper course between Independence & Subjection. Would you believe it ? the ]^ew England & Mary^ deputies are as moderate as any — nay the most so. Committees are appointed to review & collect the Acts of Pari* respecting our trade, and all such Acts as are op- pressive to the whole continent, idr to particular Provinces, they meet every day at nine & set to 3 o'clock no meeting in the after- noon, no persons are admitted. A large company is to dine to day at M'^ Dickinson's. I am one of the party. I paid him a visit yesterday & chatted with him half an hour chiefly on litterature, & a little on politicks. I spent an agreeable evening the day before yesterday in company with several gentlemen, who constitute what is called the Governor's Club: it is com- posed of M'" Hamilton, the Aliens, Doc^ Shippen the younger, Doc^ Cadwallader, Dick Tilghman & others. M.^ Hamilton enquired kindly after you.
Invitations are become very frequent. I have 3 invitations to dine out & probably shall have many more. How long the Congress will last no one can tell. I think my stay here will not be longer than 10 days at most from this day, I would write a separate letter to Molly if I had a subject to write on, but not having seen any of the ladies as yet, I want matter for a letter. I dined yesterday with Beveredge & M.^^ Beveredge quite in the familiar way. they both desire their eomp^*» to Molly, & M^ Beveredge to you. M'" Kenlen Moylan is in town : he begs to be kindly remembered to you & M^^ Carroll. I called on Colonel White & [torn] old gentleman Miss Charlotte White is in Maryd. . . . 3
34: MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Sepr Id^^ 1774 [260] Dr Charley
I received last night with great Pleasure & Satisfaction y^^ of the 7*^ & 9*^ instant, the last relieved me from a great deal of uneasiness, for the Report of Bostons being Canonaded had Eeached us on the 11*^ Every Honest man must rejoice at the Spirit & Rosolution of the Deputies in Congress. May God inspier & prosper their Resolutions.
I hope we may not be forced into Violent measures. We ought to avoid them until insolence & Oppression become in- supportable, because Patience & Virtue to bear temporary dificulties & inconveniencies for two or three years will Cer- tainly obtain whatever we wish, if it be necessary to proceed to Violence May it 1^* be exerted ag* such false Brethren who Cooperate with our Enemies by promoteing their & endeavour- ing to defeat or impede our Measures; May the most dareing & impudent among them meet with the fate due to traitors.
This Colony much wants a free importation of Salt from Lisbon &c granted to most of the other Colonies & which might have been easily obtained for this had not the Grand father of the Present Proprietor been so mean as to ask money to defray the Expence of Solliciting it & our Assembly so penurious as not to grant it I mention it as you say the Congress has ap- pointed Committees to review the Acts Relating to Trade. I know not whether this may Come properly under the Con- sideration of the Congress, However it may not be improper to mention it to our deputies to whome Pray present my Service & Compliments. I am much obliged to M'^ Hamilton for His kind Enquiery after me I pay my respects & Compliments to Him & Sincerely wish Him a long Continuance of Health & Happyness : make my Compliments also to M^ Allen the Elder, He & M'* Hamilton are the only Gent^ in Philadelphia whome I can Call old acquaintance. I am obliged to Mess'*^ Beveredge & Moylan to whome I desierd to be Rememberd. . . .
G78&78
EXTRACTS FEOM THE CAEEOLL PAPEES. 35
City Tavern 12*^ Sept. 1774 [261] Dr Papa
I rec^ this morning yours of tlie 6^^ instant. You are no doubt impatient to hear how the Congress goes on : their debates are kept secret & the deputies are under a tie of honour not to reveal what passes. When I see you, I shall be able to give you a full account of their deliberations. This congress is really composed of sensible & spirited men. there are in all 49 deputies and not one weak man among them. Several of great abilities. Except this day I am engaged to dine out every day this week. I think I shall leave Philadelphia next Sat- urday. I have had an invitation to dine with the Governor. I waited on him this morning in consequence thereof at his country house I shall dine next thursday with M^ E.ich<^ Penn. he is a very sensible man. I like his character & honest be- haviour. I went this morning to see Harry Hill's country seat : he was absent. I dined yesterday with M"" Griffin we had a genteel company & a genteel dinner. Mathew Tilghman came to town yesterday, the dread of the small pox prevented his coming sooner, his brother is not reckoned a staunch friend to America, but perhaps there may be some malice in the imputa- tion. It is uncharitable to believe so great a crime of a man without good proof, I still think this controversy will at last be decided by arms : that is, I am apprehensive the oppressions of the Bostonians, & Gages endeavours to enforce the new plan of govern* will hurry that distressed & provoked People into some violence; which may end in blood if that should be the case a civil war is inevitable. Gage is collecting his forces around him : the regiment quartered here, rec^ orders on f riday last to march for Amboy the Sunday following, they went off accordingly very early in the morning. 2 regiments are ordered to Boston from Canada: whether Gage is collecting his troops for self defence, or with a view to disperse them into different towns of the Massachusett's Bay, in order to suppress the People, & protect the new commissioned judges while they hold their courts, is uncertain. I am of the latter opinion.
36 MAETLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
because the whole force of Massaclmsets could not force Gage in Boston, if lie chuses to remain on the defensive. There are now reprinted in this city some sensible pamphlets in favour of our cause. I shall buy them for y^ perusal. M'^ Dickinson has lately published a pamphlet on the same side, it does him hon- our : but it seems to have been a hasty production, indeed in the preface he says as much. I wish you may be able toi sell our Potowmack Tob^ for a pistole p'^ Cw^ it is not improbable that the exportation next year may be stopped.
The deputies desire their compliments to you. I shall cer- tainly leave this place next Saturday being the 17*^ unless I am prevented by sickness, or some other unforseen accident.
Y^ affectionate son
Ch : Carroll of CarroUton
Sep'- 28: 1774 [263] D^ Charley
I answer y^^ of the 26^^ & 27*^ shortly, not to detain Sears, if necessary, will write more fully to Morrow Put Coales & Pidgelys Bond in Suit I do not like the Maj'"^ not hearing from Hammersly. The deputies from the Severall Counties to the Provinciall Meeting ought to Collect for the Deputies to the Congress, the County deputies sent them & they in Honor ought to Provide Pay for them.
It is with great Reluctance I part w*^ Browne He is a Willing & Diligent man you will spoil Him, the best Servants must be minded, indefferent & Lazy Ones Corrected: Harry shall have a good flogging & a Collar this Evening. . . .
Sepr 29*^ 1774 [264] Dr Charley
. . . The Pensilvania Packet of the 19*^ ins* Contains not only much matter, but shews the solid sense Virtue & Spirit of the new England People. When the People of England are acquainted with the Uniforme Conduct of all the Colonies &
EXTRACTS FROM THE CAEROLL PAPERS. 37
witii the Eesult of tlie Congress, they will no doubt be more & more Exasperated ag* the King His Ministry & the Venal Corrupt abandoned & Profligate Houses of Parliament : These things Considered, I make no doubt the Contest will end to the Entier Satisfaction of America, & I readily give Credit to the news M^ Lux brings from Philadelphia. . . .
You are not satisfyed putting a Paragraph in the Papers urging a collection for the Deputies will answer any good end ; & why not? Because you are too indolent to do it. Such a Paragraph or Letter Cannot doe any harm, the County depu- ties may be Called on as I sayed in my letter yesterday as bound in Honor & Justice to make a Collection to defray the Expenses of the Deputies to the Congress, as the County depu- ties appointed & sent there I desire you will keep this to shew what I sincerely wish . . ."
29*1^ Sepf 1774 [265] Dr Papa
Major has heard from Hammersly by the August Packet ; he will write you how compleate a victory he has gained — orders are come in to return the money : no grants to be made of lands westward of Port Cumberland.
The main questions with respect to the right to the Province will be shortly determined before L^ Mansfield in the King's Bench. Hammersly seems to> think it will go in favour of his ward. Browning has put in a distinct claim to the Tonnage perhaps he will get that, being given by Act of Assembly to L^-^ Baltimore, & their heirs, vide the Act. If so, it may be cheaply purchased by the Province.
Eden was to leave London the 25*^ August: he may be ex- pected by the middle of next month : it is said he is to return again in the spring, and Mollison writes, not to come back again to Mary<i. If Harford should get the Province, I am inclined to think that will be the case, & then Sharpe will probably come in Governor . . .
38 MAETI.AND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
30*^ Sept^
The Major has just now isent me a letter for you. I have taken the liberty of opening it, to see whether he has been as particular & full ace*, as Hammersly's letters were to him. He has omitted one circumstance, mentioned in Hammersly's letter, w^ as it was imparted to me in confidence, I would not have you drop a hint of it to any one. It seems great complaints have been made to the Guardians of the Majors Patriotism. It has been represented that he is too intimate with the Carrolls & the Pacas, & others of the popular party, that they prevailed on the Major to countenance the passage of the Inspection Law, & the Law making a provision for the Clergy.
Did you ever meet with an instance lof greater meanness? I suppose this intelligence was given to Hammersly by the Gov- ernor, it is quite in his style : but does honour to the persons, it was meant to asperse. I am satisfied a paragraph recommending a collection for Deputies would answer no purpose; because what is every man's business, is no man's : the Parag. might be read perhaps by some, but would not be attended to by any. When the Deputies return, the Provincial Committee will be assembled, & then the reimbursement of w^ money expended will be forcibly urged, & the means of raising it considered & Effectual steps taken to collect it.
Octo^ 6: 1774 [266] Dr Charley
... I am very much Pleased with the Major's Voctory, How Mortified must Eden & the Board of Revenue be. I cannot be- lieve Eden will goe Back next Spring, why Come to return so soon? ...
If the Congress be not broke up when will it ? I do not sup- pose you will Visit Eden, but should he invite you. Can you in Point of Politeness refuse to comply vdth His invitation. . .
EXTEACTS FROM THE CAEKOLL PAPEES. 39
Octo.r 2ist 17Y4 [270] D'- Charley
. . . M^ Jas Howard dined with me yesterday & Gave us an Acc<^ of the Fate of the Tea & Vessel w^ brought it, I find the People were in no disposition to Hearken to the Moder- ate measures you intended to propose: The Example will I hope deter others from the like offense, & the Enemies of Ameri- ca will be instructed by it not to expose their Slavish principles by their weak imprudent Silly and I may justly say impudent Endeavors ag* the sentiments and interests of the whole conti- nent. . . .
M^ Croxall came last & proposes to stay untill next Tuesday. Pray send the Bearer back early, on Sunday morning. Is the Congress up or doe you know when it will certainly be up, people begin to be impatient to know the Result of it. I sup- pose the Gov^ may be expected every day. M^^ Croxall tells me He thinks old M^^ Christie told Him that D D informed Christie th* He was writing a Phamphlet on the American Contest, but Croxall would not have it mentioned as He Cannot with confi- dence rely on His memory. D. D. if he publishes seems late in entering the Lists.
26*^ October 1774 [272] Dear Papa
I wrote my last letter in a hurry : the boy did not get down till a little before dinner time: I had to dress in the evening, having invited company to sup with me, & you had desired that the servant should be dispatched very early the next morning. I forgot then to send you Balladines estimate of the expence of making Potowmack navigable from George Town to Fort Cum- berland & his terms of subscription. I now send them. Balla- dine is confident of Success — ^so are most projectors, for none but men of sanguine tempers & lively imaginations turn pro- jectors. . . .
Messi"8 Patrick Henry & Pendleton, two of the Virg* deputies, passed thro' this Place Monday last on their way to Williamsr
40 MARYLAND HISTOKICAX MAGAZINE.
burgh. I waited on them at the coffee house, & spent % hour in their company. We expect Mess'^^ Johnson, Chase & Paca this day : the Congress broke up last Saturday.
27*^ Octobr
I do not hear that D. D. is writing a Pamphlet on the present Contest : but he may ; I think, as you do, his publication will be late in the day. It may however with the weak & credulous gain him some confidence, and I am persuaded to regain his lost popularity, if he does publish, will be his chief motive. It is certain all his connections, his admirers, & his own son were in the list of Protestors, & he himself declared his son's signing the protest, was the same thing, as if he had signed it, being a suflScient indication of his own sentiments. He told Colonel Lloyd, that a petition & remonstrance from the Congress to the King & Parlia* was the properest mode lof proceeding in order to obtain redress. He did not choose to act an open & sincere part ; he kept on the reserve, till he saw w'^ way the tide would turn ; he now swims with the stream. The union of all America has swallowed him up in the great vortex, he follows its motion, but not daring to be the first mover, nor possessing a temper sufficiently intrepid to guide its course ; he is carried away with the Whirlwind, he does not ride on it, nor directs the storm.
28th A. M. 1/2 past 8 o'clock.
. . . Our deputies are not yet returned. Cap* Poi passed thro' this town the day before yesterday & said the Congress was not to break up till Monday last ; so that our Deputies did not leave Ph"* till Tuesday, & perhaps the Congress might sit a day or two longer. . . .
29th P. M, 1/2 past 10 o'clock.
. . . The Deputies are expected in town this day; the Con- gress you see by the Pen'* packet was to have broke up last Tues- day. I dare say our Deputies will bring with them all that is published, you will observe that the proceedings, or joumall of
EXTKACTS FKOM THE CAEEOLL PAPEES. 41
the Congress were in tlie press. I shall keep the boy till our Deputies return.
I have seen Colonel Eich^ Henry Lee and M^ Johnson, who arrived here last night. I have seen the petition of the Congress to the King, & the memorial to the Canadians. Chase & Paca are expected this — I wait their arrival because they bring with them the printed journal of the Congress containing all matters done by them except the petition to the King, w^ is not to be printed, till we hear of its being presented. If Chase & Paca arrive to- day, I shall be with you tomorrow ; if they arrive tomorrow, the day after you may expect to see me. I shall bring up at all events a printed copy of the Congress Resolves.
T^ affectionate son
C. C. of C.
ISTov^ Y*^ 1772 [273] Dr Charley
I have y''^ of the 5*^ & 6*^ with Jos: Galloways Scheme & the Petition of the Congress to the King. I think as you doe of the 1^* & approve very much of the last.
[Galloway's plan, enclosed with letter 'No. 262 is printed in full in American Archives^ 4th series, vol. 1, pages 905-6.
The " toasts drank at the treat " have apparently not been heretofore printed.]
Sepf 1774.
A List of Toasts Drank at the Treat given to the Congress:
1 The King.
2 The Queen.
3 The Duke of Gloucester.
4 The Prince of Wales and Royal Family.
5 Perpetual Union to the Colonies.
6 May the Colonies faithfully execute what the Congress shall wisely Resolve.
7 The much injured town of Boston, and province of Mas- sachusetts-Bay.
42 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
8 May Great-Britain be Just, and America Free.
9 'No unoonstitutional standing Armies.
10 May the Cloud whicli hangs over Great-Britain and the Colonies, burst only on the heads of the present Ministry.
11 May every American hand down to posterity pure and untainted the Liberty he has derived from his Ancestors.
12 May no man enjoy Freedom, who has not Spirit to de- fend it.
13 May the persecuted Genius of Liberty find a lasting asy- lum in America.
14 May British Swords never be drawn in defence of Ty- ranny.
15 The Arts and Manufactures of America.
1 6 Confusion to the Authors of the Canada Bill.
17 The Liberty of the Press.
18 A Happy Reconciliation between Great Britain & her 'Colonies, on a constitutional Ground.
19 The virtuous Few in both Houses of Parliament.
20 The City of London.
21 Lord Chatham.
22 Lord Cambden.
23 Bishop of St. Asaph.
24 Duke of Eichmond.
25 Sir George Saville.
26 Mr Burke.
27 General C [onway.]
28 Mr Dunning.
29 Mr Sawbridge.
30 D^ Franklin.
31 Ml" Dulany.
32 My Hancock.
EXTEACTS FEOM THE DTJLANT PAPEES. 43
EXTRACTS FROM THE DULANY PAPERS
Dear Lloyd
I am mucli obliged to you for the Letter you favoured me with & have great pleasure in hearing that you have been at Length Placed under the Instruction of a Gentleman so equal to the Charge W^ is very much heighten' d by your Expressions of satisfaction thereon. The one affording you an Opportunity of answering The End of an Expensive Education and the other giving me a most agreeable Assurance of your Inclination & Determination to Embrace it.
When it may be Proper for you to go to the University of Cambridge at this Distance I can be no Judge, But my Brother & myself have wrote to M^ Anderson to make Enquiry into This matter & at the Proper time to Enter you at Clare-hall in the Station of a Pensioner where, I have the most sanguine Hopes Your Employm* & situation will be both profitable and agreeable to you.
I am Extremely sorry to inform you that our Father's Affairs were left in great Confusion, & that by the Ravages of the Enemy in Frederick County ruining great numbers of the Inhabitants that Part of his Estate w*^ consisted in securities is greatly impaired. The very open Hospitality, the plenty and degree of Splendour in w*^ He lived his sensibility to the mis- fortunes and Distresses of others and diffusive Beneficence to Them were of more Advantage to his Character & suitable to his generous & humane temper and refined sense of Pleasure than his Fortune, or the Improvement of his Estate. This I don't mention as regretting these qualities in Him, But as an Intimation to you not to take your Estimate of his Estate from the Appearances of Affluence You may recollect in his manner of Living and regulate your Expences by it. But tho' I wou'd recomend it to you to be frugal in your Expences as well as diligent in your studies, I am far from desiring or Expecting
44 MABYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
you to be illiberally & sordidly Parsimonius, and to Live recluse and sequested from all Company and Divertisement.
Our publick affairs here wear an Aspect less gloomy tban Tbey Did two Tears ago.
The Diversion made by M'' Wolfe up tbe E-iver St. Laurence facilitated Gen^ Amberst's Recovery of Tbe Important Post of Ticonderoga, & Crown Point, tbe Barrier so mucb wanted for tbe Security of tbe IsTortbern Provinces and tbe Victory obtained by D^ W™ Jobnson at ^Niagara bas been of vast Consequence in Preserving Pitsburgli w^^ wou'd otherwise bave fallen, & bringing over to tbe Brittisb Interest several of tbe most war- like & formidable nations of Savages. Sbou'd tbe war con- tinue, tbe Frencli must, (bumanely speaking) be driven out of Canada next year.
Tbere was a Circumstance attending Tbe Battle gained by Sir W™ Jobnson w^^ I sball mention to you as Exactly marking tbe Character of tbe Indians. Many of tbem were Spectators of tbe Engagement ready to fall upon and Butcber tbe Van- quisbed & as soon as tbe Erencb gave way Tbese Savages fur- iously rusbed in upon tbem and made a horrid sacrifice of their Brother savages to the of our Countrymen, who were
butcher'd in the carnage at Monongahela. The French have no reason to Complain of This They halloo'd these Hell-hounds on at Monongahela and mix'd with tbem in the same Cruelty and were as much Savages as They. We have no Private news here all your Eriends are well except myself who have been in a declining state these two years. You have a great many more Relatives than when you was here our Province's Motto Crescite et Multiplicamini
Dear Brother
You perceive by M^* Addison's Letter the Grounds of his claim to the Land, in dispute between Himself & his N'ephew. In a Case of this kind, it is impossible for me to give an Opinion that would be satisfactory to both sides, & as I gave no opinion to M^* Tho^ Addison, so I have declined speaking my Sentiments to M^* Hen^ Addison on the Subject, any further
EXTRACTS FROM THE DTJLANT PAPERS, 45
than by recommending an amicable Settlement by a Reference to Lawyers. How far this Method may be agreeable will de- pend upon tbe Temper of the Parties. Having mentioned tbe Method of putting an End to the question, by the Decision of Arbitrators, to M^ Hen. Addison, & He not appearing Adverse to it, I think it would be proper that He should be informed, either by an immediate communication to Himself, or thro' me, whether it would be agreeable on the other side, or not. the inclosed was in the cover of M'" H. Addison's Letter to me w*^^ I delivered to You this Morning
I am &c.
Dan^ Dulany Jan. 10*^ 1771 Thursday Evening
To Walter Dulany Esq'^
Baltimore, 8^^ I^oy"", 1783
Dear Sir,
I have rece^ yours of this Date by George. What course it may be proper to take in forming an Estimate of the Losses sustained by the Loyalists I am at a loss to conjecture. As to an Application to the Legislature, I apprehend it will be of no use by the preliminary Articles, the Restitution is to be earn- estly recommended by Congress to the several Legislatures, & as the definitive treaty has at length taken place, I suppose this form will be observed, and the consequence of it such as seems to be emplied in the Act of parliament you refer to. I intend to transmit to my Son a Certificate under the Seal of the State, when I am able to obtain it from the Commissioners, to ascer- tain what my Son's property has sold for. That his property has not sold for half the value of it, I have no doubt, but T know of no other Method of Valuation, w^^ may not be attended with a considerable risque — at the same time however, I intend to write to him fully to represent this Matter — my Son's share in the Iron works not haVing been sold. I have from Clem. Brooke & W°i Hammond an Account of the Lands that belonged to the Company, & of the ITumber of :N'egroes & value of the
46 MARYLAND HISTORIC AX MAGAZINE.
Stock at the Furnace, & Hockley Forge, & intend to get a similar one from Franklin with respect to tlie other Forge — if you think it proper, I shall take ISTotice in my Letter to my Son, that D D of W. has an equal share with Him in the Works — perhaps it might be of use to Him to send D D of W. a Certificate as aforesaid of what that part of his property, which has been disposed of by the Commissioners, has sold for. I have not yet been able to obtain the Certificate on my Son's Account, tho M^ Stoddert, & Conden have undertaken the Busi- ness, & apprehend I shall be obliged to go to Annapolis on the Occasion. When the Shoemaker calls on me, I will readily discharge the Balance due to him. M^^ Dulany & ISTancy join me in best wishes for your, M^^ Fitzhugh's & Family's Health & Happiness — ^with sincere Regard, I am
Dear Sir Y^s
D. Dulany
P. S. I send a Letter by George, w^'^ ISTancy brought with her frm Virginia.
M'" Owings engaged to supply me with Hay, & informed me that He wou'd, in lease of his absence, leave orders for the purpose last night, at about 12 o'clock a waggon of Hay was brought, and it not being convenient at that time to put it away, the waggoner promised to bring it in the morning ; but He is gone away, & not to be found — supposed He sold the Hay. I have desired George to call at 'M^^ Owings' s to inform her of the above Circumstances & to desire that the Hay may be immediately sent to me.
George Fitzhugh Esq''.
Bait, 11*^ Nov. 1783. Dear Sir
On considering my Son's claims respecting his Share in the Baltimore Company w*^^ has been taken possession of by the Intendant as confiscated, I have concluded to pursue the follow- ing Method — 'Viz. to get Duplicates of a Certificate from the
EXTRACTS FROM THE DULANY PAPERS. 47
Collector of' taxes for tHs County, setting fortli the ITumber of Acres of Land, & ISTegroes (witliout mentioning their ages or Sexes) belonging to the Company in Baltimore County and also an Account of their Stock and Improvements. ]^. this Certifi- cate not to set forth at what Value the Land, Negroes &c. were assess'd, the Assessment being much under the real value, I this day have written to M^ Benj^ Stoddert to get for me Duplicates of a similar Certificate from the Collector of taxes for Ann Arundel County with respect to the Company's property there — these Certificates to be attested by a Notary publick — as my Nephew has an equal share with my son in the works, perhaps the same course may be expedient with respect to him, which I intend to pursue w^ith respect to my son.
I think it wou'd be proper to get Duplicates of a Certificate setting forth what my Nephew's Land sold for, & to transmit them under the Seal of the State. M^ Conden & M'* Stoddert undertook to get a similar Certificate from the Commissioners on my tSon's Behalf but I have not yet rec'd it. My Son's property has sold much under its real value, w^^ I shall observe in my Letter to my Son, and refer him to I. Brooks on that Head, He being well acquainted with his property in Annapolis, Frederick & Baltimore County. Whether this has been the Case with respect to my Nephew's property, I don't know. I think, that a 10^^ share in the works is worth, at a moderate Estimate, £7000 sterling, considering that 27828 acres of Land, an inexhaustible stock of ore, the Improvements by erecting a furnace & forges, the Number of slaves, & other stock belonging to the Company a petition on the Behalf of Montgomery wou'd I think, answer no purpose, but, if to be had, it might be of service to him to have a Certificate of his Income as an Incumbent.
With respect to the Q^^ put in your Letter. I conceive that the Mortgages will be answerable to make good the Deficiency, & especially, if these be a Covenant for payment, w^^ is com- monly the case in the Deed of Mortgage.
With this I send Gen^ Cadwalader's order accepted by you
48 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
w*^ Smitli delivered, on receiving tlie Balance amounting to £54.15. — with our Wishes for the Health & Happiness of Yourself M^^ Fitzhugh & Family.
I am dear Sir, with sincere
Eegard, Y"
D. Dulany. Great & Glorious !N^ews
Sam^ Ohase arrived safely in England.
Thursday Ev'ning Dear Sir,
I have reced Yours by George, & send by him the Magazines for 1781, & 1782 belonging to M'' Langton, & also the Magazine for last (September with the Act of Parliament for appointing Commissioners to enquire into the Losses of the Loyalists. With respect to my ]!Tephew's property that has been sold by the Commissioners I think the best Course to be pursued is to send a Certificate of what it sold for signed by their Clerk, under the publick 'Seal — this is what I have done with respect to my son's property that has been sold, & have observed to him in my Letter, in which the Certificate is inclosed, that as the purchasers bought at a Risque, the property sold for less than its real value — the Estimates I have from C. Brooke & W™ Hammond give an Account of the !N"umber of Acres of Land appertaining to the furnace, & Hockley Forge Viz 29062 acres Carried out at 50/ sterling ^ acre — the Improvements of the furnace at £3000 curr^, the Stock, Utensils &c at £8455.8.6 curry and the ISTegroes 98 in number w*^^ may be valued at £40 curry each at Hockley forge, the Improvements are valued at £3000 Cury, & the Stock at £500 cury & the ^NTumber of IsTegroes then 47 which may be valued as above.
I suppose that the Valuation of the above Improvements &c has been according to the Return of the Assessors, one of the above Estimates I have sent to my son by the ship Pearce Capf^ Moore, & have desired him to communicate it to my !N^ephew, they have equal shares in the Works, & are equally
EXTKACTS FROM THE DTJLANT PAPERS. 49
concerned in the affairs, witli respect to Franklin's Estimate, particularly as it relates to tlie Land appertaining to Mount royal Forge, I think it very much below the real Value. I con- jecture that in this Valuation He has been governed by the return of the Assessors, & wish He cou'd be prevailed upon to estimate the Land at 50/ sterling ^ acre, w^^ it must certainly be worth. I have been informed that a Vessel is to depart for London about Sunday, or Monday next. Wishing you, & your Family all Happiness. I am dear Sir,
With sincere Regard
D. Dulany. George Fitzhugh Esq'^
S^ Dec'" 1785. Dear Sir
I suppose the Rent reserved to M^^ Dulany was on the Land assigned to her on her claim of Dower, and that she transferred her Right to the Land before the Expiration of the time, when by her Contract with the Tenant the Rent was to be paid — if such be the case, I apprehend that she can't take any legal course for the Recovery of the Rent reserved, or any part of it, for as it was reserved to be paid at the Expiration of ,12 Months, it was due 'till then, & it being an entire sum is not subject to a Division, but belongs legally to the person intitled to the Land under the Contract with Her. I suppose, that M^^ Dulany transferred her Right on Agreement with the Intendant on the Behalf of the State, & that the Title vested in the State has not yet been convey'd to any Purchaser — shou'd this be the Case, The Rent is legally due to the State, & perhaps as Maj^ Jenifer might not have it in View to take any Advantage of My^ Dulany, in respect to the Rent, She may be able to settle the Matter with Him, which, I think from his Behaviour to Her He may be much inclined to do.
I send you by the Bearer Dalrymple's Memoirs, of which your perusal may afford you much Amusement: When Col Belt's Servant called upon me sometime ago, I delivered to 4
50 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Him the money W^^ my Daughter had not laid out for M^^ Eitzhugh and hope you have rec'd it. M^ Clapham is arriv'd at Annapolis, having returned to collect the Debts due to Han- burys in Virginia & Maryland as their Agent. With my best wishes for your & your Family's Happiness I am, Dear Sir, with sincere Regard
Y^^ Danl Dulany. George Fitzhugh Esq'"
THE CALVERT FAMILY
John Bailey Calvekt ISTicklin.
Foreword
The task confronting anyone who attempts to compile a gene- alogy of this distinguished family, whose history for a century and a half was that of Maryland, is almost forbidding, for doubt and mystery, tradition and myth have long concealed the facts and the truth lof their lineage and history. And the legitimate male descendants of Governor the Honorable Leonard Calvert (1606-1647) have been ignored, while the descendants of Bene- dict Swingate (otherwise Calvert of "Mt. Airy") have received the attention of historians and genealogists, having produced many noted men and women.
Even the origin of this family is wrapped in obscurity and the etymoliogy of the name is scarcely pleasing, if enlightening, for it is said to have been derived from the calve-herd, i. e., a keeper of a herd of calves: The name appears as early as 1366 when Margaretta Calverd (sic) is found on the Durham Man- orial Rolls, and it is evidently an old Yorkshire name and there is little to support the "tradition" that they were of Flanders, although Calvaert was a not unknown Flemish name. What was the origin of the Calvert Arms (viz. : paley lof six, or and sable, a bend counterchanged) does not appear, but Richard St. George, the ISTorroy King-at-Arms, is responsible for the addition of the crest of the Flemish Calverts when he issued an
THE CALVERT FAMILY. 51
exemplification of arms in 1622 to Sir George Calvert (1579- 1632), Knight (afterwards the first Lord Baltimore).
The monumental inscription on the tomb of the first Baron mentioned his father Leonard (and hig grandfather, John Cal- vert), who was a country gentleman of means, who lived, near Danby Wiske,^ at an estate called Kiplin, in the valley of the Swale, Yorkshire. This Leonard Calvert was bom about 1550 and married, about 1575, Grace (more often called Alicia) Crossland, daughter of Thomas Crossland (who died Aug., 1587) and Joanna, his wife (who died July, 1575). The issue of this marriage is unknown save one son, George Calvert, the Founder of Maryland, but it is probably that Mary Calvert (who was born in 1586 and married, in 1606, Captain Isaac Chapline, R. IST.) was a daughter of Leonard Calvert and Grace Crossland. (Two of their sions settled in America: John Chap- line in Virginia and William Chapline in Maryland). In his will, the first Lord Baltimore refers to his '^kindred" in the "ISTorth" (i. e., of England, — ^Yorkshire), but there is no record of any of them and he mentions none by name.
THE TITLED LINE
1. John Calvert,^ of Kiplin, near Danby Wiske, Yorkshire, temp, Henry VIIL, m. —
ISSXJE:
2. i. Leonabd, b. c. 1550, of whom later.
2, Leonard Calvert ^ (John^), b. c. 1550; d. ; M. c.
1575, Grace Crossland, dau. of Thomas Crossland and Jo- anna Hawksworth of "Crossland Hill," Yorkshire (see Foster's "Visitations of Yorkshire," p. 509), and descend- ed from Roger de Crossland, temp. Henry III.
ISSUE :
3. i. Geoege, b. 1578/9. of whom later.
^In 1659, Philip Calvert patented a manor of 900 acres, called Wiske alias Danby, in Baltimore county on Back Eiver at the place now known as Porter's bar but formerly known as "Chancellor's Point," from the patentee. In the Kent Rolls and the original certificate it is erroneously described as lying on the North East river, but in reality lies on Back Eiver, formerly known as North West river.— 2V^o*6 by Wm. B. Marye.
52 MAKYLAND HISTOEICAI. MAGAZINE.
3. George Calveet ^ (Leonard,^ John^), b. 1578/9, near Bolton Castle, Yorkshire; d. in London, April 15, 1632, in his fifty-third year. He graduated from Oxford in 1597, receiving the degrete lof B. A. (eight years later he was created M. A.) and traveled extensively on the Continent, where he met Sir Eobert Cecil (afterward Earl of Salis- bury), w'hose private secretary he later became and through whose influence he began his career as a statesman. He was a Member of Parliament for Bosmay, Cornwall in 1603 and at Hampton Court he was knighted by King James I., on September 29, 1617, after having served as Clerk of the Crown and Assize in County Clare, Ireland. In 1613 he had become Clerk of the Privy Council and was later a member of the Commission for winding up the affairs of the Virginia Company in 1624. In 1619 he had been ap- pointed by the King to the high office (resembling the present Prime Ministership) of Principal Secretary of State, succeeding Sir Thomas Lake and being associated with 'Sir Robert ISTaunton. This office he resigned on Feb- ruary 9, 1625, and one week later he was created by the King, in gratitude for his services. Baron Baltimore of Baltimore, in the County of Longford, Ireland, in which County the King had granted him February 18, 1621, a Manor of 2,300 acres (Baltimore). In 1624 he represented Oxfordshire in Parliament and retired to private life the year following. (Other offices he had held, such as one of the commissioners for the office of Treasurer and a member of Parliament for Yorkshire). As a young man he had been interested in the colonization of the 'New World and was a member of the Virginia Company in 1609. In 1622 the King had granted him the island of Avalon (Ferryland) , a part of ISTewfoundland, where he had purchased an estate two years preceding. Here he attempted a settlement — • which was unsuccessful — and spent a fortune in the at- tempt. About this time he became a Roman Catholic and offered his resignation (as Secretary of State) to the King, which. His Majesty refused to accept on account lof Cal-
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 53
vert's valuable services. He next turned his attention soutk- ward, sailed for Virginia (taking with him his second wife), and returned to England, where he besought the King (Charles I., who had succeeded his father, James I., in 1625) for a new grant of land. The King, who con- tinued his father's friendship for Lord Baltimore, then granted him the territory which was later called Maryland (i. e., in Latin, Terra Mariae) in honor of the Queen of England (Henrietta Maria, an aunt of Louis XIV., of France). The settlement of Maryland needs no further mention. Lord Baltimore's life was cut short in his fifty- third year by his death, April 15, 1632 — before the Charter of Maryland has passed the great Seal (so it was made out in the name of Cecil, the second Baron) — and was buried in the Chancel of St. Dunstan's in the West, London, which church was later destr^oyed by fire. His Lordship had been twice married: firstly, at St. Peter's, Cornhill, London, "Thursday, ITovember 22, 1604, Mr. George Calvert of St. Martin's in the Fields, Gent., and Mrs. Anne Mynne, of Bexley in Hertfordshire." (So reads the Parish records!) His second wife — the first Lady Baltimore — ^was named Joan (mentioned as "Dame Joane Baltimore" by her hus- band in a deed under date of 1627), but of her parentage or history nothing is kaiown. Lady Calvert (Anne Mynne), who was born ^Rovember 20, 1579 and died August 12, 1622, was a daughter of George Mynne of Hertfordshire (who d. May 20, 1581) and Elizabeth Wroth, his wife (who d. August 14, 1614), dau. of Sir Thomas Wroth of Durance in Enfield, Middlesex, and his wife, the Lady Mary Eich, a dau. of Richard, Lord (Chancellor) Rich, of Henry VIII.'s reign. Sir Thomas Wroth (1519-1573) was at Court during the brief reign of King Edward VI., and that youthful rn'onarch expired in his arms. His great- great-grandfather was Sir John Wroth, Lord Mayor of Lon- don in 1361. The Wroth Lineage is interesting : The mother of this Sir Thomas Wroth was Joane Haute, widow of Thomas Goodyere of Hadley and daughter of Sir Thomas
54 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
and Lady Haute (Elizabeth. Frowicke) of Hautesboume, whose grandfather, William Haute, married Elizabeth Woodville, sister of Richard Woodville, Earl Rivers, and aunt of Elizabeth (Woodville) Orey, Queen of Edward IV., of England. William Haute was descended from Piers Eitz Haut, one of the soldiers of William the Conqueror. To return to Ladj Calvert (Anne Mynne) : her father was buried in St. Mary's Church, Hertingfordbury, Hert- fordshire. His tomb bore the following inscription (with the Mynne and Wroth coats-of-arms empaled) : "Here lies buried the bodies of Greorge Mynne, of Hertingfordbury, Esq., and Elizaibeth, his wife, daughter of Sir Thomas Wroth, of Durance in Enfield, in the County of Middlesex, Knight; they had issue, three sons and three daughters. The said George Mynne departed this life the 20th day of May, in the year of our Lord 1581; his wife, Elizabeth taking afterward to her second husband ^Nicholas Butler, Esq., and she died the 14:th of Aug., 1614." Through the Rich Family connection Lady Calvert was highly connected, as her grandmother (Lady Wroth, nee Rich) was aunt of Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick, and sister to Lady Peyton, Lady Dudley (afterwards the Baroness ISTorth), Lady Drewry and Lady D'Arcy.
By his first wife, Anne Mynne, Lord Baltimore had issue :
Cecil, b. 1605 (of whom larter), second Lord Baltimore.
Leonard, b. 1606 (of whom afterward), first Governor of Maryland.
Anne, m. before 1632, William Peaaeley, esq.
George, d. u. 1634, in Maryland.
Dorothy, m, James Talboit and d. s. p.
Francis, d. s. p. v. p.
Henry, d. u. 1635.
Elizabeth, d. v. p. unmarried.
Grace, b. 1614; d. ; m. 163y2, Sir Robert Talbot of
Carton, a brother of the Duke of Tyrconnel.
ISSTJE:
1. Frances Talbot, d. 1718; m. her cousin, Richard Talbot (d. 1703) ; ancestors of the present Lord Talbot de Malehide of London.
|
4. |
i. |
|
9. |
ii. |
|
iii. |
|
|
iv. |
|
|
V. |
|
|
vi. |
|
|
vii. |
|
|
viii. |
|
|
ix. |
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 55
2. William Talbot, d. s. p.
3. George Talbot, of Maryland; d. s. p.
X. Helen, "said to have" m. Governor Thomas Green of Mary- land (?). xi. John, b. 1622; evidently d. y. (But who was the John Calvert who came to Maryland with Philip Calvert in 1660 and was a member of a Provincial Com- mittee in 166& with this same Philip Calvert, sup- posedly his half brother ?).
By his second wife, Joane , Lord Baltimore
had issue:
i. Philip, b. 1626; d. 1682. He came to Maryland in 1660 land was long Chancellor; in 1669 he was Deputy Governor of the Province. Although twice married, he appears to have died issueless. He m. (1.) about 1658, Anne Wolseley (a first cousin of Jane Lowe iSewall, Lady Baltimore, q. v.), dau. of Sir Thomas Wolseley of Staffordshire, England; m. (2.) 1681, Jane Sewall, dau. of Jane (Lowe) Sewall, Lady Bal- timore, by her first husband, Henry Sewall, M. D., of Maryland. Philip Calverit died shortly after his second marriage and his widow (Jane Sewall) mar- ried, secondly, John Pasiton.
4. Cecil Calvert * (George,^ Leonard,^ John^) second Lord Baltimore, b. Aug. 8, 1605; baptised March 2, 1606, at Bexley, Kent; d. 'Nor. 30 (buried Dec. 7), 1675, at St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Middlesex. He entered Trinity Col- lege, Oxford, in 1621 and to him, on June 20, 1632, the grant of Maryland was issued. Although he was never able to visit his province, Lord Baltimore was the real founder of Maryland. He was a member of Parliament in 1634 and married, March 20, 1627/8, Anue Arundell, daughter of Sir Thomas Arundell, Lord Arundell of Wardour Castle (a Count of the Holy Eoman Empire), by his second wife, Anne (the widow of one Thurgood), daughter of Miles Philipsin, of Crook in Westmoreland, by his wife, Barbara, sister of Francis Sandys of Conished in Lancashire. Lady Ann© Arundell died July 23, 1649, aged 34 and was buried at Tisbury, in Wiltshire.
66 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
ISSUE :
i. Anne, evidently d. j. ii, Mary, b. 1630; d. s. p. 1663; m. c. 1650, Sir William Blakis-
ton of Gibside, Durham (d. 1692). iii. George, b. Sept. 15, 1634; d. June 6, 1636. iv. Elizabeth. 6. V. Chables, b. Aug. 27, 1637 (of whom later), third Lord Baltimore.
5. Charles Calvert I.^ (Cecil,* Gleorge,^ Leonard,^ Jolm ^). third Lord Baltimore, b. Aug. 27, 1637 (not 1630, as gen- erally given!) ; d. Feb. 21. 1715, and was buried at St. Pancras, Middlesex. He came to Maryland in 1661 as Governor and brougbt bis first wife with bim (she died there in childbed). In 1684 he returned to England, where he died. Lord Baltimore, who was a Major-General in the British Army, was married four times :(1.) 1656, Mary Darnall, dau. of Ralph Damall of Loughton in Hereford- shire; (2.) 1666, Jane, widow of Henry Sewall, M. D., and dau. of Vincent Lowe of Denby in Derbyshire, by his wife, Anne Cavendish of London (Jane, Lady Baltimore, d. Jan. 19, 1700, and was buried at St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Middlesex) ; (3.) Dec. 6, 1701, Mary Thorpe (a widow),
dau. of Banks (she died March 13, 1710) ; (4.)
1712, Margaret Charleton, dau. of Thomas Charleton of Hexham in ]!Torthumberland (she died July 30, 1731, having married secondly, iN'ov. 9, 1718, Lawrence Eliot, of Yapton Place, Sussex).
isstTE, by second marriage:
i. Cecil, b. 1667; d. 1681. ii. Clare, b. 1670; d. before 1694; m. c. 1690, the Hon. Edward
Maria Somersett. iii. Anne, b. 1673; d. Feb. 10, 1731; m. (1.) 1694, the Hon. Edward Maria Somerseltt (q. v.) ; (2.) William Pas- ton of Horton, in Gloucestershire, Esq. 6. iv. 'Benedict Leonard, b. March 21, 1679; fourth Lord Balti- more ( of whom later ) . 28. V. (?). Charles, b. c. 1680; d. 1733 (of whom afterward).
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 57
6. Benedict Leonard Calveet« (Cliarles,^' Cecil,^ George,^ Leonard,^ Johni), fourtli Lord Baltimore; b. March 21, 1679; d. April 16 (buried May 2), 1715, at Epson in Surrey. He was a Member of Parliament in 1714-5 and married, Jan. 2, 1698, Lady Charlotte Lee (who was di- vorced in 1705), dau. of Edward Henry Lee (1663-1716, Earl of Lichfield, by his wife, the Lady Charlotte EitzKoy' a daughter of Ejing Charles IL, by Barbara (Villiers) Pahner (1640-1709), Countess of Castlemain, Duchess of Cleveland, etc. After the death of Lord Baltimore she married secondly, Dec. 6, 1719, Christopher Crewe and, dying Jan. 21, 1721, was buried at Woodford in Essex.
ISSTTE:
7. i. Chaeles, b. Sept. 29, 1699 (of whom later), fifth Lord Bal- timore. ii. Benedict Leonard, b. Sept. 20, 1700; d. u. June 1, 1732. In 1726 he was a member of Parliament for Har- wich and later (1727) Governor of Maryland. While returning to England he died and was buried at sea. iii. Edward Henry, b. Aug. 31, 1701; d. 1730; m. Margaret Lee, who survived him and m. (2.), October 13, 1751, James Fitzgerald, Esq. Edward Henry Calvert was Commiss.axy General of Maryland in 1728. iv. Cecelius, b. Nov. 6, 1702; d. u. 1765. He was Secretary of the Province and managed the aflfairs of His Lord- ship. V. Charldtte, b. Nov. 6, 1702; d. 1744; m. Thomas Brere- wood, Esq.
ISSUE:
1. Francis Brerewood.
vL Jane, b. Nov. 19, 1703; d. ; m. May 4, 1720, John
Hyde, of Kingston Lisle, in Berkshire, Esq. They had two sons, John and Henry Hyde. vii. Barbara, b. Oct. 3, 1704; d. i. viii. Anne.
7. Charles Calveet II.''' (Benedict Leonard,^ Charles,'' Cecil,^ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), fifth Lord Baltimore, b. Sept. 29, 1699; d. April 24, 1751, and was buried at Erith in Kent. He was Cofferer to H. R. H. Frederick, Prince of Wales (after whom he named his son and succes-
58 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
sor) and represented Surrey in' Parliament. He was als^o a Fellow of tlie Royal Society and a Lord of tlie Admiralty in 1741, but his liigli offices did not modify his "riotous living." He m., July 20, 1730, Mary Janssen (who died at Shaillot, near Paris, March 25, 1748), youngest daugh- ter of Sir Theodore Janssen and sister of Stephen Theodore Janssen, Lord Mayor of London. Lady Baltimore was a granddaughter of Abraham Janssen, a son of the Baron de Heez in the Netherlands. Her mother (Lady Janssen) was a daughter of Sir Robert Henley of "the Grange," in Hampshire, by his wife, Barbara Hungerford, a daughter of Sir Edward Hungerford. Sir Robert Henley was a Member of Parliament.
ISSUE:
8. i. Fkederick, b. Feb. 6, 1732 (of whom later), sixth and last Lord Baltimore. ii. Frances Dorothy, b. 1734; d. March 5, 1736.
iii. Louisa, m. John Browning, Esq.
iv. Charles, b. Jan. 21, 1737; d. i.
V. Caroline, m. Robert Eden (d. 1786), Governor of Maryland 1769-1776; lancestors of the present Sir Timothy Calvert Eden and of Lady Brooke of Warwick Castle. Before his marriage to Mary Janssen, Charles, fiflth Lord Baltimore, was father of a son called Benedict iSwingate. This boy was sent to Maryland about 1742, married, in 1748, Elizabeth Calvert, dau. of Gov. Charles Calvert, and assumed the name of Calvert, becoming head of the family who lived at "Mt Airy." 24. vi. Benedict, b. c. 1724 (of whom lalter).
8. Feederick Calvert ^ (Charles,'^ BenediteU Leonard,® Charles,^ Cecil/ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), sixth and last Lord Baltimore, b. Feb. 6 1732 ; d. s. p. 1., Sept. 4, 1771, at iN'aples, and was buried at Epson in Surrey. He m., March 9, 1753, the Lady Diana Egerton (1732-1758), dau. lof Scrope Egerton, Duke of Bridgewater. (She died Aug. 18, 1758, s. p.). Lord Baltimore was a dissolute, but generous man ; a traveler who never visited his Province ; a writer and a rake. Although leaving no legitimate issue, he had several natural children, as follows :
THE CALVEKT FAMILY. 59
By Hester Whelan of Ireland.
i. Henry Harford, b. 1760, to whom he willed the Province of Maryland, but the American Revolution soon swept away his claims.
ii. iPrances Mary Harford, b. 1762; m. William Frederick Wynd- ham (1763-1828), son of Charles Wyndham (1710- 1763), second Earl of Egremont and grandson of Charles Seymour, sixth Duke of Somerset.
ISSUE: 1. George Francis Wyndham, fourlth Earl of Egremont, By Elizabeth Dawson of Lincolnshire: i. (Sophia Hales, b. 1765. ii. Elizabeth Hales, b. 1765.
By Elizabeth Hope of Munster, Germany : i. Charlotte Hope, b. 1770, at Hamburg.
With tlie death of Frederick Calvert, sixth Lord Baltimore, the title heoame "extinct" as there was no surviving (male) m.€m.her of his family in England and the descendants of Grov- ernor the Honorable Leonard Calvert in America were over- looked or forgotten, although they were heirs male of the body of the first Baron. (The chief authority for the above account is from the records in the Office 'of the King-at-Arms, Dublin Castle, Dnblin, Ireland, which office informs the writer that the title can be claimed by a descendant of Leonard Calvert in the male line.
60 MAEYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
THE CASE OF THE "GOOD INTENT"
[In Volume 3 of this Magazine, at pages 141, 240 and 342 one side of the story of the "Good Intent" was published; and in the same volume at page 386 appeared the " After story of the ' Good Intent.' " We now print what may be considered as a minority report of the Committee, originally published in the Maryland Gazette of April 21, 1770, thus completing the record of this interesting case.]
To the Printers.
Baltimore County, April 16, 1770.
A Paniplilet having lately made its appearance, addressed to the Inhabitants of Anne Arundel, Baltimore, and Prince George's Counties, entitled, " The Proceedings of the Com- mittee appointed to examine into the Imporation of Goods by the Brigantine Good Intent, Capt. Errington, from London, in February 1770." In Justification of our own Characters, we utterly disclaim that Publication, as being the Proceedings of the Committee, and beg Leave to lay before the Public, such Abstracts of the Proceedings, as we apprehended necessary to set our Conduct on that Occasion in ,a proper Light, witbo'ut drawing Conclusions, or casting any ungenerous and unjust Eeflections on the Gentlemen concerned in the Importation, who, in our Opinion, acted with Honour and Candour, and without any apparent Design of subverting the Association; and " Satisfied in our own Consciences, we leave the rest to Fate."
When the Gentlemen from the different Counties, at the Request of the Parties concerned, met at Annapolis, we were of opinion, that it would 'be our sole Business to enquire, whether the Goods imported were agreeable to the true Intent and Spirit of the Association, or not? And we should have been very well satisfied our Deliberations on that Subject had appeared with a plain Narrative of Pacts, agreeable to thiQ State they were left in when the Committee broke up; not-
THE CASE OF THE " GOOD INTENT." 61
withstanding Messrs. West, Paca and Mackie were appointed to stay in Town, it was expressly determined that they were only to revise and correct for the Press, what was then wrote, without altering the Sense in any Part.
The following Questions were severally put, and Votes passed on each Cargo :
First, Whether the Goods consigned to the several Gentlemen, were imported agreeable to the true Intent and Meaning of the Association ?
Resolved unanimously in the JSTegative.
Secondly, Whether such of the ahove Goods as are allowed to be imported by the Association, and which are blended and packed with the Goods prohibited, be permitted to be landed ?
Eor the negative, For the affikmative,
T Sprigg, Stevenson,
Worthington, Plowman,
Weems, Smith,
Paca, Mackie.
Lowndes, Sim,
J. Sprigg, West.
Upon comparing the above Questions that were actually put, with those published in the Pamphlet, and which are inserted below, the Public will be able to form some Judgment of the Candour of the Author : As we agree in the First it is needless to repeat it; the Second is greatly misrepresented, and is as follows :
Secondly, " As to the Articles allowed to be imported,* they "being blended and packed up with the prohibited Articles,
* Are Nails, Hoes, German Osnabrigs, Brown Rolls, Sail-Duck, Match- coat Blankets, coarse Rugs and Blankets, coarse Woolen Clothes, at, and under Five Shillings Sterling per Yard, Wool-Cards, Gunpowder, Lead and Shot, Grind-Stones, &c, dc, &c, generally so blended and packed up with the other Goods, that they cannot be separated.
62 MARYLAND HISTORIC AL MAGAZINE.
" the Landing and storing of whicli being expressly oontra- " dictorj to the very Words of the Association, and therefore " not practicable upon any fair Construction of it ; and the " said Committee being fully convinced, by a Multitude of " Proofs and concurring Circumstances, of the ungenerous " Principle which apparently actuated Mr. Buchanan, in " trumping up old Orders to colour a premeditated Design to " subvert the Association.
" Resolved, That it is the Opinion of the Committee, these " Goods ought not to be landed."
Against Landing, as on the Second Question above.
For Landing, as on the Second Question above.
As we are unwilling to deprive the Author of any Merit he may have acquired by the Publication ; and his Remarks on the King's Speech to the Parliament; so we are inclinable to over- look the daring Insult offered us in the above Misrepresentation and Attempt to make us appear inconsistent and ridiculous ; as well as the constituting himself a standing Committee at Annapolis, for Six Weeks f after the other was dissolved.
We should have published our Disavowal sooner, but being engaged in Business prevented our doing it 'til now ; the same Reason will prevent our replying to any Thing the Author of the abovementioned Pamphlet, or any other Person, may think proper to publish on the foregoing Subject; and we request, that should the Author choose to continue himself a standing Committee, he may publish his Proceedings in his oiwn ISTame.
John Stevenson^ Jonathan Plowman, John Smith, Ebenezee Mackie.
•f Mr. Mackie, the Person appointed from Baltimore, for the Revisal of the Proceedings, left Annapolis in Two Days after the general Committee was broke up, when he apprehended every Thing was ready for Publication, without any material Alteration of the Sense, and that only a fair Copy for the Press remained to be made out.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 63
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY
MOISTTHLY MEETINGS
December 13, 1920. The regular montMy meeting of the Maryland Historical Society was held tonight with Vice- President Stockbridge presiding.
The minutes of the last meeting were read and approved.
The following persons were elected to active membership :
Mrs. Florence J. Gates, Mrs. Samuel Helfrich,
Dr. Henry Parr Hynson, Edward S. Delaplaine,
W. Thomas Kemp, Esq., Mrs. EfBe Sargent Hobson,
William H. Conkling, Jr., William B. Fallon,
Elizabeth Collins Lee, Mrs. F. Byrne Shepherd,
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Gambrill Baldwin.
Vice-President Stockbridge then explained that the Special Program for the evening was in charge of the Society of the Ark and the Dove, and he requested Mr. J. ISToble Stockett, Gov- ernor of that Society, to take the Chair.
Mr. Stockett then requested Dr. Magruder, Chaplain of the Society of the Ark and the Dove, to open the meeting with a prayer.
Dr. Magruder spoke of the great work which the two societies had before them, and asked the members and friends of the societies to join in the greatest of all prayers, The Lord's Prayer. After which Mr. Stockett spoke as follows :
" It is customary for the Society of the Ark and the Dove to observe each year the anniversary of the sailing of the vessels the Ark and the Dove from COwes, Isle of Wight, England, ITovember 22, 1633.
" It being our desire to present to the Maryland Historical Society a copy of the original survey of Chancellors Point
64 MAETLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
locating the old Fort at St. Mary's City, we deferred our usual custom to fit in witli the regular monthly meeting of the Mary- land Historical Society. We trust, however, that the occasion will be none the less interesting.
"Judge iStockbridge, on behalf of the Society of the Ark and the Dove, it gives me pleasure to present to the Maryland Historical Society through you, its Vice-President, this framed copy of the original survey of Chancellors Point locating the old Eort at St. Mary's City, and I hope. Sir, it may be your pleasure to accept the same."
Judge Stockbridge thereupon accepted the framed survey, and expressed the appreciation 'of the Maryland Historical Society.
Mr. Stockett then introduced Dr. James W. Thomas of Cumberland and " Deep Falls," Maryland, the speaker of the evening.
At the conclusion of Dr. Thomas' address, Mr. DuvaU sug- gested that we should show our appreciation of the interesting evening afforded by the Society of the Ark and the Dove by a rising vote of thanks, which suggestion was followed, and after Judge Stockbridge had extended a cordial invitation to the friends and members of the Society to inspect the Gallery, the meeting adjourned.
January 10th, 1921. The regular monthly meeting of the Society was held tonight with the President presiding.
Dr. Steiner presented selected papers and letters of the late Senator James Alfred Pearce, father of the late Judge Pearce. The President acknowledged the gift.
The following persons were elected to membership :
His Eminence James Caedinax Geobge Houston Harper,
Gibbons. Mrs. Benjamin Fhankejn.
Alfred Jenkins Shriveb. Dr. Francis Lee Dunham.
Vernon M. Dorset. William R. Colk
Robert W. Senet. i Col. Benjamin Patten Nickliit.
Philip Gutmian Straus. Lewis Egerton Smoot.
Robinson C Paqon. Mrs. Henry Stockbridge.
Iettin E. Butler. Theodore Kt.ktn Miller.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 65
A letter was read from Mrs. Augusta M. Libbj of Denver, Colorado, enclosing $25.00, this being lier second contribution of the like amount to tlie Permanent Endowment Fund. The Secretary was instructed to write to Mrs. Lilbby and express the appreciation of the Society for her generosity.
The President announced that at the request of the Finance Committee the Library would be open, beginning about the middle of the month, as follows: In the evenings (as well as during the regular hours) from T.30-9.30, and on Sunday after- noons from 2 :30 to 5 :30.
Under the head of ^"ecrology the death of Mr. E. Edmunds Foster and Ex-Oovernor Henry Lloyd were reported.
The President then announced that in accordance with the Constitution it was in order that nominations for officers, stand- ing Committees and Trustees of the Athenaeum for the coming year be made at this meeting. ISTominations for Officers and Members of Committees resulted in the following :
President. W. Hall Harris.
Vice-Presidents.
Van TiWATC Black, Henby Stockbeidge,
De Cotjesey W. Thom.
Corresponding Secretary.
J. Appleton Wilson.
and Richabd M. Dxjviall who declined the nomination.
Recording Secretary. George L. Eadcliffe.
Treasurer. Hetward E. Boyce.
Trustees of the Athenaeum. Clinton L. Riggs, Chairmam,. Franklin P. Oator. William C. Page.
William H. Greenway. Edward Stabler, Jr.
William M. Hayden. H. Oliver Thompson.
Committee on the Gallery. RuxTON M. Ridgely. John R. Bland. J. Wilson Leakin.
Thomas C. Corner. Howard Sill.
5
66 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Committee on the Library. Louis H. Dielman, Chairman. Waltee I, Dawkins. John H. Latane.
RlCHABD M, DXJVALL. EdWABD B. MATTHEWS.
SwEPSON Eable. Lawbence C. Wboth.
Com,m,ittee on Fi/nance. Phit.ltps Lee Goldsboeough, ChairmM/n.
WiT.T.TAM G. BaKEB, JE. ViAN LeAE BlACK.
Committee on Publications. Samxjel K. Dennis, Chairman. Bebnabd C. Steinee. John M, Vincent.
Committee on Membership, McHenby Howaed, Chairman. Geoege a. Colston. William H. Lytle,
Geobge Aenold Fbick. Isaac T. Noebis.
James D. Iglehaet. Geoege Weems Williams.
Committee on Genealogy and Heraldry. B. Bebnaed Beowne, Chairman. Heney J. Beekley. William J. MoClellan.
Feancis B. Culveb. J. Hall Pt.kasiantr, Jr.
Thomas E. Seabs.
Committee on Addresses and Literary Entertainments. James MoC. Teippe, Chairman. N. WiNSLOw Willeams. John L. Sanfobd.
The business of tlie evening was discontinued while a paper was read by Dr. Bernard C. Steiner entitled " James Alfred Pearce, United States Senator from Maryland, 1843-1863."
The meeting then adjourned.
February l^th, 1921. The regular monthly meeting of the Society was held tonight with the President presiding.
The minutes of the last meeting were read and approved.
Donations to the Library and Cabinet were described by the Acting Librarian. Mrs. William Reed presented the snuff-box of 'Commodore Barney 'bequeathed by Miss Caroline Eemington.
PKOCEEDIJSTGS OF THE SOCIETY. 67
The following persons, previously nominated, were elected to nieml>ersliip :
Waltee R. CtAt.f.. W. Bladen Lowndes.
Chaeles J. Bouchet. C. T. WrmiAMS.
Mrs. Van Leae Black. Donald Symington.
R. E, Hanson. Jack Symington.
Dr. James D. Iglehart presented the " Politician's Kegister," for the years 1836-40, published by W. Hickman, Baltimore. The President thanked Dr. Iglehart on behalf of the Society.
The President brought before the Society the matter of the preservation of the Shot Tower. He stated that public sentiment seemed strongly in favor of its preservation from numerous let- ters received by this Society from prominent citizens asking that we use our influence in the matter. He said that the matter had been considered at the meeting of thelCouncil on the 10th instant and that letters had been written to the Mayor and Park Board urging that either the City or the Park Board purchase the Tower and a small amount of land surrounding the same to be used as a park. After much discussion and many expressions of opinion in favor of the preservation of this historic land mark it was, upon motion of Mr. Thom, seconded by Judge Hawkins :
" Resolved. That this meeting of the Society indicate to the Mayor and the President of the Board of Park Commissioners, through the proper authorities, our very strong hope that the land immediately surrounding the Shot Tower be purchased by the Park Board and that a Committee, headed by our President, be appointed to present this resolution."
Dr. J. Hall Pleasants presented on behalf of the Library of Johns Hopkins University a copy of the Baltimore City Direc- tory of 1808, the only copy known, which fills the one gap in the Historical Society's set. Dr. Pleasants described the circum- stances of its salvage from the two MdCoy Hall fires. Dr. Pleasants also exhibited to the Society some letter-books of Charles Carroll, Barrister, and of his father, Doctor Carroll, and also a book of original Surveys and Plats of practically every tract of land in Baltimore and Anne Arundel Counties.
68 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The death of tlie following members was reported : Mr. Kirk Brown, James C. Legg, Miss Louisa iSteuart Williams and Major William M. Pegram.
Judge Dawkins spoke of tlie faithful service of Major Pegram in the Society and Judge Trippe submitted the following minute which was ordered spread on the minutes of the meeting and a copy sent to the family.
Major William Meade Pegram
" Major William Meade Pegram was bom in Albemarle County, Virginia, September 19, 1836, and named after the Eight Reverend William Meade, a noted Bishop of Virginia. He served in the War between the States, in the Black Horse Cavalry and rose to the rank of Major. Afterward he saw service on the staff of General J. E. B. Stuart.
" After the war Major Pegram settled in Baltimore and en- gaged in business. He became a versatile contributor to various magazines and journals and his works upon historical and politi- cal subjects were graceful in style and pointed in wit.
" He was for many years Commander of Franklin Buchanan Camp, United Confederate Veterans.
" He had been a member of the Maryland Historical Society for twelve years and recently Chairman of the Committee on Addresses and Literary Entertainments. His attendance was constant until the very night before the morning of his death on January 12th, 1921. He was a very familiar figure in the life of Baltimore of which he was an intimate part for 55 years, his spiritual youthfulness taking no note of the flight of time and his vigor perennial whether life's program furnished tragedy or comedy.
"As was stated editorially by the Press,
" ' Happy is the man who can laugh at old age in the gay, brave fashion of Major Pegram, who can retain to the end all the generous and warm impulses of his early manhood. . . . He passes in a moment from the continual youth of this life to the
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 69
perpetual joutli of eternity. . . . God rest him for a merry and gallant gentleman who made a good fight to the end.' "
There being no further business, the meeting adjourned so that the annual meeting could be held.
ANNUAL MEETIE^G
Annual Report of the President for the Council
During the earlier portion of the past year the activities of the Society were unavoidably retarded by the illness and death of our late President and during the latter part of the year they have been mainly directed toward meeting the serious difficulties in which the Society has found itself by reason of the total insufficiency of its resources to meet its current, necessary, expenses.
The Finance Committee has undertaken the problem of plac- ing the (Society upon a financial foundation, adequate not only for its maintenance but for its expansion. This constitutes a heavy task but it has been met by the Tinance Committee with earnest endeavor and with that extended experience which pe- culiarly qualifies its members to bring the undertaking to a successful conclusion.
There will, within a few days, be delivered to each member of the Society, and sent to a large numiber of other citizens, the very beautiful booklet and urgent appeal which has been pre- pared by the Finance Committee, by whose members it will be earnestly followed up. It is apparent, however, that the Society must not rely entirely upon this appeal, nor upon the efforts of its Committee, but that each member must recognize the existing critical situation and spare no personal effort toward its relief.
In so far as its meagre income has permitted, the ordinary ac- tivities of the Society have been maintained during the past year. The number of visitors has increased and the use of its
70 MARYLAND HISTOEICAX. MAGAZINE.
library and collections hj earnest historical and genealogical students lias been greater tban ever before, notwithstanding the fact that for want of adequate working force it has not been possible to keep the buildings open in the evenings, when only it is practicable for its opportunities to be availed of by many earnest students.
The unusually heavy expense of heating and janitor-service at the old Building, coupled with the necessity of providing from its rent for interest upon and gradual extinguishment of its indebtedness, have prevented the Society from realizing ap- preciable income from that source. As this debt and its in- terest are reduced it is anticipated that available revenue will be derived from this rental.
There have been many notable additions to the Library and other collections, evidencing the continued and increasing in- terest of the community in the Society and the recognition that it affords unequaled opportunities for the preservation of his- torical matter where it may be at once safe and available. The limited accommodations at the command of the Society render it necessary that care be exercised in the acceptance of matter offered it.
On October 11, 1920, there were presented to the Society, by a Committee of Citizens represented by Governor Golds- borough, a handsome portrait in oils of Cardinal Mercier and a volume of clippings descriptive of his visit to America and particularly to Baltimore. The occasion was graced by the presence of the venerable Cardinal Gibbons, who expressed high appreciation of the gift and spoke of the especially affec- tionate remembrance in which his visit to Baltimore is held by Cardinal Mercier.
With sincere and appreciative recognition and acknowledge- ment of the loyal, earnest and not infrequently self-sacrificing service to the Society of its Officers, Trustees, Committees and Operating Force, this report is respectfully submitted.
peoceedings op the society. yl
Treasueee's Kepoet
GEiMBRAL AiCOOUNT. Cash on hand, January 1, 1920 $ 104 25
Receipts.
Current Dues, 1920 $4,158 05
Dues in Arrears 170 00
Magazine Sales, Subscriptions, etc 157 42
Investigations and Researches 12 20
Diplomas 19 00
Publicartiion Committee 10 19
Income Peabody Fund 815 00
Income other than Peabody Fund 711 60
Maryland Council of Defence 300 00
Incidentals 27 57
Interest on Bank Balance 10 11
Permanent Endowment Fund 394 15
Endowment Fund 1,000 00
1920 Bills Payable at Fidelity Trust Co 5,500 00
$13,285 29
$13,389 54 Difference between General Account and State Archives 3 50
$13,393 04
EXPENDITUBES.
General Expense $8,959 62
Magazine Account 2,164 31
Investigation and Research
Exchange on Porcupine Mines check
Interest on Loans
Library Committee
Securities Purchased
|
2 75 |
|
|
5 50 |
|
|
208 08 |
|
|
529 23 |
|
|
461 15 |
|
|
$12,330 64 |
|
|
62 40 |
|
|
)20 |
1,000 00 |
Balance on hand, December 31, 1920
Endowment Fund Cash, Balance on hand, Dec. 31, 1920
$13,393 04 STATE ARCHIVES ACCOUNT.
Balance on hand, January 1, 1920 $ 345 44
Receipts.
Receipts in general $ 358 08
Check from State 900 OO
Interest on Bank Balance 6 83
$1,264 91
$1,610 35
72 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
BXPENDITtTBES.
Printing $1,105 55
Miscellaneous 42 67
$1,148 22
Difference between State Archives and Greneral Account 3 50
Balance on hand, December 31, 1920 458 63
$1,610 35
Report of the Chaieman of the Athenaeum
The finances of the old huilding have been taken care of dur- ing the past year, as will be set forth in the statement herewith. As no new construction had to be looked after the problem has been somewhat more simple than before.
For the past three months the Commissioner of Motor Ve- hicles has attended to the janitor service at a fixed charge of $150.00 per month, for the winter season, which will be reduced when the fire is dispensed with. There has been some complaint as to heat, but investigation proved that the fault was in the fireman rather than in the steam plant.
Some necessary repairs were made, among them the resetting of a number of panes <oi glass which were falling out of the old sashes for lack of putty. During the coming year it will be absolutely necessary to paint the tin roof for protection, and to save a much greater cost for repair or renewal. The outside woodwork is badly in need of paint for the same reason. Owing to the increased cost of coal and of labor it was impossible to spare any money for these needed repairs or for payment to the Society, as had been expected. The report of receipts and ex- penditures shows that the rent of $8,000.00 per year, while it may seem large, is totally inadequate, in view of the cost of maintenance, and does little more than meet necessary expenses. The interest on mortgage will be reduced a little each year, as the $1,500.00 is paid toward the principal sum.
The State has never appropriated one dollar to the Society, nor has the City, while together they collected taxes on this building last year, the sum of $2,059.42. A vigorous effort should be made before the meeting of the next Legislature, for
PEOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. Y3
the granting of an annual appropriation to this Society in con- sideration of the valuahle work it has done and is still doing.
I cannot hut believe that if this matter is properly presented and pressed, that it will be successful.
Receipts.
Cash on hand, February 1, 1920 $ 723 92
Kent 8,000 00
$8,723 92 Expenditures.
Insurance $ 136 80
Coal 792 79
Janitor Service 1,799 24
Repairs 235 95
Sundries 51 02
Ashes 75 00
Water Rent 52 00
State tax 219 14
Paving tax 11 85
City tax 1,828 43
Interest 943 75
Account Mortgage 1,500 00
$7,645 97
Cash on hand, February 1, 1921 1,077 95
$8,723 92
LiBEAET Committee
The Library Committee begs to report the following addi- tions to the Library during the year 1920 :
By donations, 109 volumes, 35 pamphlets and 85 volumes of bound newspapers; by exchange, 16 volumes and 2 pamphlets; by purchase. 275 volumes
As many of the accessions to the collection are of unusual interest and value, a few of the more important titles are here set out.
Otho Holland Williams Papers. From the estate of Miss Susan Williams. This collection consists of approximately 2,000 manuscripts, among them being holographic letters of George Washington, Greneral ^N'athaniel Greene, Baron Steuben,
74 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Thaddeus Kosciuszko, Baron de Ealb, iColonel Ramsey and a host of other Revolutionary officers; original papers dealing with the formation of the Society of the Cincinnati; personal correspondence with Eli Williams and other members of the Williams family. Altogether one of the most valuable collec- tions that has ever come into the possession of the Society.
Theoderick Bland Papers. From Mrs. Laurence Balliere and Mr. Thomas H. Gaither, Jr. Legal papers, articles con- tributed to Niles Weehly and other periodicals ; treatise on con- stitutional law.
Four original pay rolls and autograph letter of Capt. J. L. Clarke from Mrs. R. Curzon Hoffman.
'Colonial Church Silver of Maryland. Original photographs (mounted) of Maryland Church Plate, collected as illustrations for Jones' " The Old Silver of American Churches." From the Maryland Society, Colonial Dames of America.
Delphian Club Records and papers. Five Mss. volumes and many transcripts of the records of this celebrated club. From the estate of Mrs. Mary W. Jordan.
Letter books of Welch and Alexander, 1835, 1837-40: six ac- count books, 1789-1842; box of letters and other manuscripts (uncalendared), lithographic stone portrait of John Henry Alexander ; the original " Alexander Map of Maryland " in special case, and other articles and curios of the Cabinet. From Mrs. Waterworth.
Purchases :
Five Early Maryland Almanacs. American Ready Reckoner, Baltimore, 1806. Banneker's Almanac for 1792, Baltimore, 1791. Bartgis, Complete pocket Farrier, Fredericktown, (c. 1815). Bartgis, Every Man his Own Lawyer, Fredericktown, 1819. Bunyan, Das Heilige Krieg, Baltimore, Samuel Saur, 1795. Chisholm, Military Surgery for use in Confederate Army, Columbia, 1864. Gilmor, William, The Pains of Memory, N. Y., 1807. Possibly unique. Hymns and spiritual songs, Baltimore, Warner and Hanna, 1813. Knox, Samuel, System of Rhetoric, Baltimore, 1809. Maryland Pocket Annuals, 1840, 1842, 1846.
PEOCEEDIN-GS OF THE SOCIETY. 75
Maury, James, To Christians of every denomination, Annapolis, Anne Catharine Green, 1771. No other copy known.
Neuer Erfahrerner Amerikanischer, Frederick, Bartgis, 1819.
Book of Common Prayer, Frederick, Bartgis, 1819.
Roberts, National Primer, Baltimore, 1822.
Simmons, Map of Baltimore, 1853.
Eyton, John, Sermon on the Mount, Baltimore, 1808.
Volck, Life and adventure of Bombastes Furioso Buncombe (Baltimore, c. 1865). Rare.
Washington, George, Farewell Address, Baltimore, 1810.
(Wilson, James, Narrative of the remarkable escape and unparalleled suffering of Capt. Wilson, Frederick, 1814.
35 early Maryland and Baltimore Almanacs.
9 Mss. vols.. Records of Union Club and Union Hospital.
Expenditures on the part of your committee have been:
iFor subscriptions to three periodicals 19 23
Typewriter 107 50
'Books and pamphlets purchased 163 80
Binding 24 volumes 49 00
Purchase of 9 volumes of Mss 28 50
Library of Congress printed cards 96 09
Three newspapers 25 11
Inheritance tax on Manuscripts 50 00
$529 23
The Committee desires especially to express its great appre- ciation of the valuable cataloging work done by Miss Carolina V. Davison.
Finance Committee Keport
It is a pleasure to report that your Committee on Finance has about completed the work allotted it in the matter of asking contributions to an endowment fund of $300,000.00 or straight contributions if the donor so desires it.
An appeal in the nature of a " Booklet " descriptive of the scope of the work of the Society will, on or about the date of our Annual Meeting, be placed in the hands of those men and women in Maryland whom we think will be interested in the welfare and purposes of the Society.
It is to be hoped that the appeal of your Committee will meet with liberal response and that during the coming year we shall
Y6 MAETLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
reach the goal desired, thougli one must confess that the task assigned us is not easy of accomplishment.
Eepoet of the Committee on Publication
The Committee on Publication respectfully reports that dur- ing the year 1920 four numbers of the Maryland Historical Magazine have appeared under the skilful editorship of Mr. Louis H. Dielman. The articles contained in the numbers have covered various periods in the history of the State and Province and have furnished valuable information to all stu- dents of our history. The magazine is also of value inasmuch as it keeps the members of the Society informed as to our activities.
^o volume has appeared in the series of the Archives of Maryland during the year. The appropriation was increased by the Governor from two thousand dollars ($2,000.00) to three thousand dollars ($3,000.00) a year. This amount will hardly be sufficient to enable us to issue a volume every year but we shall be glad to distribute one during 1921. In this volume, no. 40 of the series, we expect to continue the Proceedings and Acts of the General Assembly of the Province of Maryland from 1Y3Y to 1T40.
We respectfully propose the adoption of the following resolu- tion: Besolved, That the Magazine Account be credited with the sum of $166.25 for the cost of printing the annual report of the Society and the list of members, and that the amount be charged to General Expenses ; and that it be also credited, in accordance with the terms of the deed of gift of the late Mr. George Peabody, and of the resolution of the Society adopted January 3, 1867, with the sum of $407.50, being one-half of the income for the current year from the investments of the Pealbody Fund ; and that the Magazine Account be then closed by appropriate entries in the usual manner.
The receipts and disbursements on Magazine Account, as exhibited to this Committee by the Treasurer of the Society, were as follows:
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 77
EXPENDITUEES.
Vol. XIV: iCost of printing No. 4 (December No., 1919, in- cluding index) $ 442 50
Vol. XV: Cost of printing No. 1 (March, 1920) 559 75
" " " No. 2 (June, 1920) 462 05
" " " No. 3 (Sept., 1920) 465 70
" " " No. 4 (Dec, 1920) 51150
$2,481 50
Cost of Editing $150 00
" " Copying 45 00
" " postage and distribution 47 32
242 32
$2,723 82 Receipts,
Vol. XV: Prom sales $ 95 42
" subscriptions 62 00
157 42
Debit balance $2,566 40
Against wTiich is to be credited cost of printing Annual Report and list of members in March issues, 35 pages at $4.75 per page 166 25
$2,400 15 And one-half the income from the Peabody Fund 407 50
Leaving the sum of $1,992 65
(To be charged off in order to close this account as of Dec. 31, 1920.)
The expenditure of the animal appropriation for the publica- tion of the Archives, in accordance with the Law passed at the January Session of the General Assembly in 1920, was as fol- lows:
Receipts.
Balance on hand, December 31, 1919 $ 345 44
Received from State appropriations in 1920 900 00
" " Interest on balance in bank 6 83
" " iSales of Archives, etc 358 08
$1,610 35
Expenditures.
Paid for printing Volume 39 $1,105 55
" " copying manuscripts 3 50
'' " sundries, stationery, etc 42 67
$1,151 72
Balance on hand, December 31, 1920 ^^^ ^^
$1,610 35
*18 MABYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Report of the Committee on Membeeship
The By-Laws require that tlie annual report of the Council shall contain a statement of the membership of the Society and it need not be repeated here. But it is gratifying to note that the membership is now larger than at any time in the Society's existence. Only in the Corresponding Members there is a de- crease of two, which is not to be regarded as a lass, as this class of free membership was provided for at a time when only residents of Baltimore were eligible to be active members and since that restriction has been removed the Society has seen no reason to continue to elect such non-contributing members ; this Commit- tee may be permitted to suggest to those who are still on the list to such as are residents of Maryland at least that they change their status toi Life, Active or Associate Membership.
It is hoped that the present members of the Society will continue to make nominations for election — the only Constitu- tional way of adding to the membership or even preventing a loss by deaths and other causes.
Repoet of Committee on" Genealogy and Heealdey
The Committee met on January 29, 1920, and appointed Dr. B. Bernard Browne toi represent the Committee in the Council. The following Church Records have been copied and indexed :
(IVrethodist Burial Ground — indexed.
'Volume IX, M. E. Church, First Church — indexed.
Faith Presbyterian Church Graveyard — copied.
Old Light Street Burying Ground — copied; cards indexed.
Roman Catholic Cathedral — copied index cards.
Harford County Methodisit Circuit — copied.
Chester Parish, Kent County, Maryland — indexed.
St. Peter's P. E. Church, Baltimore — indexed.
Several meetings were held during the year and many manu- scripts and works on Genealogy and Heraldry were presented to the Library.
peoceedings of the society. 79
Eepoet of the Committee on Addeesses and Liteeaey
Enteetainments
Tour Committee on addresses report and append a list of papers read before the Society at its monthly meetings :
January 8 — "Chapters from a History of Printing in Colonial Maryland."
By Lawrence C. Wroth. March 8 — "Radicalism and its Cure." By Raymond E. Kennedy. April 12 — Memorial Minutes upon the death of the Honorable Edwin
Warfield, President of the Society. May 10 — "Thomas Bacon and his Laws of Maryland." By Lawrence C.
Wroth. October 11 — "Some Notes on William Goddard, Journalist and Printer, of
Rhode Island, Pennsylvania and Maryland." By Lawrence
C. Wroth. November 8 — " Biographical Sketches" :
1— ^Colonel Thomas Smith, 1648-1719.
2— Thomas Smyth, 1710-1741.
3— Hon. Thomas Smyth, 1729-1741.
4— Major Thomas Smyth, 1757-1806.
By Dr. B. Bernard Browne. December 13 — "The History of Chancellor's Point." By Dr. James W.
Thomas.
The annual election of officers was duly held, whereupon the tellers declared that except in the case of the Trustees of the Athenaeum, the entire ticket as printed on page 65, was elected. Seven names having been put in nomination for the Trustees of the Athenaeum, the following were declared elected:
Clinton L. Kiggs, Chairman, William H, Geeenway, William C. Page, William M. Hayden, Edwaed Stablee, Je.,
H. Olivee Thompson.
The annual meeting then adjourned.
80 MAEYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
THE CORRESPONDENCE OF ANDREW JACKSON
The Department of Historical Research in the Carnegie Institution of Washington is collecting the material for an edition, in several volumes, of the Correspondence of Andrew Jackson, to be edited by Professor John S. Bassett of Smith College, Jackson's biographer. All persons who possess letters of General Jackson or important letters to him, or who know where there are collections of his correspondence, or even single letters, would confer a favor by writing to Dr. J. F. Jameson, director of the department named, 1140 Woodward Building, Washington, D. C.
LIST OF MEMBEES. 81
LIST OF MEMBERS OF THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY
* Died, 1920 t Resigned, 1920
HONORARY MEMBERS
Bbtce, James, LL. D. (1882) London, England.
Mabden, R. G. (1902) 13 Leinster Qardens, London, "Eng.
LIFE MEMBERS.
BEIDGES, MBS. PBisciLLA B. ( 1910) ...\ ^are Dr. J. R- Bridges,
\ 630 College St., Charlotte, N. C. Calvebt, Chables Exley (1911) 34 Huntly St., Toronto, Canada.
„ ^r m o /im^\ ( Care of Mrs. D. E. WaterS;
Hills, Mes. William Smith (1914) .. ) ^ ,^ ., ,t- i.
( Grand Rapids, Mich.
Howard, Miss Elizabeth Geay (1916) . .901 St. Paul Street.
Maebueg, Miss Emma (1917) 19 W. 29th Street.
Nicholson, Isaac F. (1884) Albion Hotel.
NoKBis, ISAiAC T. ( 1884) 1224 Madison Ave.
Shobt, Capt. John Satjlsbuey (1919) 38 E. 25th Street.
Zwinge, Joseph, S. J. (1916) Loyola College.
Williams, Miss Nellie C. (1917) 214 Riverside Drive, N. Y. City.
CORRESPONDING MEMBERS
Aldeeman, E. a., LL. D. (1893) University of Va., University, Va.
Battle, K. P., LL. D. ( 1893) Chapel Hill, N. C,
Bell, Hebbeet C. ( 1899 ) R. D. Route, No. 4, Springfield, O.
_ .^ ^ ,ir>nT\ ( King's Highway and Lindell Ave.,
BrxBY, Wm. K. (1907) j *' " -^ „, , . .,
^ } St. Louis, Mo.
Black, J. William, Ph.D. (1898) 56 Pleasant St., Waterville, Me.
Bbock. R. a. ( 1875 ) . - 257 21st St., Philadelphia, Pa.
Bbooks, William Geay (1895) 257 S. 21st St., Phila., Pa.
Beown, Heney John ( 1908 ) 4 Trafalgar Sq., London, W. C, Eng,
Beuce, Philip A. (1894) Norfolk, Va.
Buel, Clabence C. ( 1887 ) 134 E. 67th St., New York.
CocKEY, Mabston Rogees (1897) 117 Liberty St., New York.
De Witt, Feancis ( 1857 ) Ware, Mass.
Eable, Geobge ( 1892 ) Washington Ave., Laurel, Md.
Ehbenbebg, Richaed (1895) Rostock, Prussia.
Fobd, Wobthington C. (1890) 1154 Boylston St., Boston, Mass.
Gaedinee, Asa Bied, LL. D., L.H. D. ) Union Club, New York.
(1890) )
Hall, Hubeet ( 1904) Public Record OflSce, Lonflon.
6
82 MAEYLAND HISTOKICAX, MAGAZINE.
Harden, William ( 1891 ) 226 W. President St., Savan'h, Ga.
*Habt, Chaiiles Henry ( 1878) 472 West End Ave., New York.
Hehsh, Gbier ( 1897 ) York, Pa.
T ,^ X /^nrtn^ ( New HaveH Court, Cromer, Norfolk,
Lampson, Oliver Locker (1908) -j ». ^ ^k, , Eneland.
MuNROE, James M. ( 1885 ) Savings Bank Bldg., Annapolis, Md.
Nicholson, John P. ( 1881 ) Flanders Bldg, Philadelphia, Pa.
Owen, Thomas M. ( 1899 ) Montgomery, Ala.
Riley, E. S. { 1875 ) i 234 Prince George St., Annapolis
( Md.
Snowden, Yates ( 1881 ) University of S. C, Columbia, S. C.
Stevenson, John J. ( 1890) 215 West End Ave., Nevr York.
Tyler, Lyon G., LL. D. ( 1886) Williamsburg, Va.
Weeks, Stephen B. (1893) Bureau of Education, Wash., D. C.
Winslow,Wm. Copley, Ph. D., D. D., »
LL. D. ( 1894) i ^2^ Beacon St., Boston, Mass.
Wood, Henry C. ( 1902 ) Harrodsburg, Ky.
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS.
Andrews, Charles Lee (1911) 42 Broadway, New York.
ASHBURNER, THOMAS (1917) I^^'^^ ^^^'''''^ ^ ^"'^•'^ ^'*-'
I Chicago, 111.
Baltzell, Henry E. (1914) Wyncote, Montgomery Co., Pa.
Baltzell, Wm. Hewson ( 1915) Wellesley, Mass.
Barrett, Noeris S. ( 1920) 260 City Hall, Philadelphia, Pa.
Bell, Alex. H. ( 1916 ) 313 John Marshall PI., Wash., D. C.
Bennett, Clarence (1920) j ^^^ California St., San Francisco,
{ Cal.
Benson, Harry L. (1910) 70 N. 18th St., East Orange, N. J.
Blunt, Mrs. J. Y. Mason (1919) "The Toronto," Wash., D. C.
fBoDDiE, John Thomas (1918) 8 S. Dearborn St., Chicago, HL
Bond, Beverly W., Jr. ( 1909 ) University of Cincinnati, Ohio.
BouRQEOiSE, Mrs. A. Calvert (1911) ]*1^^ Westminster Place,
^ St. Louis, Mo.
BotJviEB, Mrs. Henrietta J. (1919) 201 W. 57th St., New York.
Brumbaugh, Gaius Marcus, M. D. ) ook ^^T a xt ttt ttt u -r. n ' ' \ 905 Mass. Ave., N. W., Wash., D. C
(1915) \ '
Buchanan, Brig. Gen. J. A. (1909) 2210 Massachusetts Av., Wash.,D.C.
Bullitt, William Marshall (1914) J ^^OO Lincoln Bank Bldg.,
< Louisville, Ky.
Callahan, Griffin C. ( 1902) 1012 S. 60th St., Phila., Pa.
Carpenter, Mrs. H. R. (1920) 5631 Pershing Ave., St. Louis, Mo.
Covington, Prof. Harry F. (1914) Princeton, N. J.
Davies, G. C. ( 1917 ) Wauseon, Ohio.
Dent, Louis A. (1905) 2827 15th St., Washington, D. C.
*Devitt, Rev. Edw. I., S.J. (1906) Georgetown College, Wash'n, D. C.
Duval, Henry Reeman (1916) 32 Nassau St., New York.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 83
Eaton, G. G. ( 1894) 416 N. J. Ave., S. E., Wash., D. C.
FiTZHUQH, E. H. ( 1908 ) Neptune Park, New London, Conn.
Floweb, John Sebastian (1909) 611 18th St., Denver, Colorado.
FoY, Miss Maby E. ( 1913 ) ^ ^°^ ^22, R. D. No. 1, Los Angeles,
' CaL
Gates, Mes. Florence J. (1920) 236 S. River St., Wilkes Barre, Pa.
GiTFOBD, W. L. R. (1906) St. Louis Merc. Lib. Assoc, Mo.
GoBBiQHT, Mbs. Fbancis M. (1917) 306 N. 3rd St., Steubenville, Ohio.
GoBDON, Mbs. Bubgess Lee (1916) 306 N. 3rd St., Steubenville, Ohio.
GuiLDAY, Rev. Peteb, Ph.D. (1915) .. .Catholic University, Wash., D. C.
Habpeb, Benjamin Ogle ( 1920) Crane Parris & Co.,Washington,D.C.
Habbison, Wm. Pbeston (1906) 1021 Laurence St., Chicago, 111.
Heney, Mes. Effie L. (1917) 3019 N St., N. W., Washington, D. C.
HoBSON, Mes. Effie Sargent (1920) . . . 1505 Main St., Ventura, Cal.
Hoffman, Isamuel V. ( 1910) 258 Broadway, New York.
Hopkins, Samuel Govee (1911) 923 Chestnut St., Phila., Pa.
Jackson, Mrs. Lewis ( 1920) 3327 O St., N. W., Washington, D.C.
Janin, Mrs. Violet Blaib (1916) .... 12 Jackson Place, Washington, D. C.
Johnson, B. F. ( 1916) 926 Penna. Ave., N. W., Wash., D. C.
Johnson, Fbedeeick T. F. (1915) McGill Building, Washington, D. C.
Lake, Richard P. ( 1900) Bank of Commerce, Memphis, Tenn.
Latimer, James B. ( 1920) 547 W. Jackson Boulevard, Chicago.
Leach, Miss May Atheeton (1907) . . . .2118 Spruce St., Phila., Pa.
LiBBY, ]\Irs. George F. (1919) 219 Majestic Bldg., Denver, Colo.
Little, Rev. Francis K. (1916) Rhinebeck, N. Y.
Littlejohn, Mrs. Malcolm (1916) ...Flushing, L. I., N. Y.
McFadden, Chas. ( 1906) 6401 Overbrook Ave., Pa.
tMoPHERSON, Mes. Robert W. (1916) . . 1240, 19th St., N. W., Wash., D. C. Martin, Mbs. Edwin S. ( 1905) New Straitsville, Ohio.
Morrison, Mrs. Alice S. (1920) \ ^^^^ ^^^^^"^ ^t., N. W., Washing-
} ton, D. C.
Moese, Willard S. ( 1908) Seaford, Del.
Moss, Jesse L. ( 1906) Newberry Library, Chicago, 111.
Newling, C. G. ( 1918 ) 593 Riverside Drive, New York.
NiCKLiN, John Bailey Calvert (1920) .516 Poplar St., Chattanooga, Tenn, NoBBis, Octavius J. ( 1916) The Sherwood.
r. r^ AT TIT -r. /inio\ (Care H. L. Henderson, 1420 Chest-
Owen-Chahoon, Mbs. M. D. (1913).. j „ ^, ., „
( nut St., Phila., Pa.
Phillips, Mrs. A. Latimer ( 1910) Shepherdstown, W. Va.
PiEBCE, Mrs. Winslow S. (1915) "Dunstable," Bayville, Long Island.
Raynee, William B. (1914) 2641 Connecticut Ave., Wash., D. C.
( George Washington Inn., Washing- RoGEES, Lt.-iCol. Aethur (1920) •] ^ -q C
Rogers, James S. (1910) Adamstown, Md.
Scott, Miss Coeinne Lee (1918) 52 E. 54th St., New York City.
Sellman, John Heney (1917) 38 Beechcroft Rd., Newton, Mass.
Seepell, Miss Alethea ( 1919) 902 Westover Ave., Norfolk, Va.
84 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Sheib, S. H. (1907) Semora, N. C.
Spencer, John Thompson (1907) 1507 Spruce St., Pliila., Pa.
Stevenson, Geo, Urie (1915) 50 W. 49th St., New York City.
Stewart, Foster ( 1917) 4726 W. 17th St., Los Angeles, Cal.
Taylor, JNIrs. Harry L. (1920) " The Wyoming," Washington, D. C.
Thruston, R. C. Ballard (1917) Columbia Building, Louisville, Ky.
Trlppe, Philip Francis (1919) P. O. Box 661, Youngstown, Ohio.
Watson, Mrs. Alexander Mackenzie r House 83, U. S. Naval Academy,
( 1920) I Annapolis, Md.
*WiLLiAMS, Miss Louisa Stewart ( Care Winslow Pierce, Bayville, L.
(1916) ( L, N. Y.
Wilson, Samuel M. ( 1907 ) Trust Co. Building, Lexington, Ky.
ACTIVE MEMBERS
Where no P. 0. Address is given, Baltimore is understood.
Abercrombie, Dr. Ronald T. (1916) . .18 W. Franklin St.
Agnus, Felix ( 1883 ) American Office.
Ames, Joseph S. ( 1910) Charleote Place, Guilford.
Andrews, C. McLean, Ph.D. (1907) .. .Yale Univ., New Haven, Conn.
Andrews, Matthew Page ( 1911 ) 849 Park Ave.
Appold, Lemuel T. ( 1902 ) Care of Colonial Trust Co.
Armistead, George ( 1907 ) 1025 Cathedral St.
Atkinson, Alfred ( 1917 ) 106 South St.
Atkinson, Robert A. (1914) 221 N. Liberty St.
Atwood, William O. ( 1917) 2809 St. Paul St.
Baer, John P. ( 1920) 16 Midvale Road, Roland Park.
Baer, Michael S. ( 1920) Maryland Casualty Tower.
Baer, William S., M. D. (1919) 4 E. Madison St.
tBAGBY, George P. ( 1916) 716 Continental Bldg.
Baily, G. Frank ( 1908 ) 1025 St. Paul St.
Baker, J. Henry ( 1910) 225 Law Bldg.
Baker, William G., Jr. (1916) Care of Baker, Watts & Co.
Baldwin, Charles Gambrill (1920) . . . Tuscany Apartments.
Baldvfin, Chas. W., D. D. (1919) 226 W. Lafayette Ave.
Baldwin, Mrs. Fanny Langden (1920) . Tuscany Apartments.
Baldwin, Summerfield (1899) 1006 N. Charles St.
Ball, Sara Janet ( 1918) De Vere PI., Ellicott City, Md.
Barclay, Mrs. D. H. ( 1906) 14 E. Franklin St.
Barrett, Henry C. ( 1902) "The Severn."
Babboll, Hope H. ( 1902) Chestertown, Md.
Barroll, L. Wethered ( 1910) 609 Keyser Bldg.
Barroll, Morris Keene (1917) Chestertown, Md.
Barry, Samuel H., ( 1916) 715 Greenmoimt Ave.
Babtlett, J. Kemp (1900) 210O Mt. Royal Ave.
Barton, Randolph (1882) 207 N. Calvert St.
LIST OF MEMBEES. 85
Baeton, Kandolph, Jb. (1915) 207 N. Calvert St.
fBASSETT, Mrs. Chas. Wesley (1909). 2947 St. Paul St.
Bayabd, Eichaed H. (1914) 707 Gaither Estate Bldg.
Beacham, Mks. Harbison T. (1919) . . .313 Woodlawn Ed., Rd. Pk.
Beacham, Robert J. ( 1914) Merchants and Mfgrs. Assn.
Bealmeab, Hebman (1916) 1610 W. Lanvale St.
Beatson, J. Hebbebt (1914) Fidelity Trust Co.
Beatty, Mrs. Philip Asfobdby (1910) .229 E. North Ave.
Beck, Howaed C. ( 1918) 4001 Bateman Ave.
Beechee, Wm. Goedon (1919) 409 Calvert Bldg.
Behbens, Miss Katheyn L. (1920) .... 3703 Piedmont Ave.
Bell, Edmund Hayes ( 1920) Easton, Md.
Benjamin, Roland (1915) Fidelity and Trust Co. of Md.
Benson, Cabville D. (1913) 1301 Fidelity Building.
Benson, Chas. Hodges ( 1915) 515 N. Carrollton Ave.
Berkley, Heney J., M. D. ( 1900) 1305 Park Ave,
Bebey, Miss Cheistiana D. (1907) 322 Hawthorne Road, Roland Park.
Bevan, H. Cbomwell (1902) 10 E. Lexington St.
BiBBiNS, Aethub Babneveld (1910) .. .2600 Maryland Ave.
Bibbins, Mrs. A. B. (1906) 2600 Maryland Ave.
tBiCKNELL, REV. Jesse R. (1910) 1325 Linden Ave.
BiixsTEiN, Nathan ( 1898) The Lord Balto. Press.
BiECKHEAD, p. Macaulay (1884) Chamber of Commerce.
Bishop, William R. (1916) 5 E. 27th St.
Bixleb, De. W. H. H. (1916) 19th & Fairmount Ave., Phila., Pa.
Black, H. Ceawfoed (1902) 1113-17 Fidelity Bldg.
Black, Haery C, Jr. ( 1920) Fidelity Building.
Black, Van Leab (1902) 1113-17 Fidelity Bldg.
Blackfoed, Eugene ( 1916) 200-4 Chamber of Commerce.
Blaib, Mes. Joseph (1919) 611 C, Sparrows Point.
Blake, Geobge A. ( 1893 ) 301 Law Bldg.
Bland, J. R. (1902) U. S. Fidelity & Guaranty Co.
BoNAPAETE, Chas. J., LL. D. (1883) 601 Park Ave.
Bond, Caekoll T. ( 1916) 1125 N. Calvert St.
Bond, ]\Iiss Cheistiana (1919) 1402 Bolton St.
Bond, Duke ( 1919 ) University Club.
Bond, G. Moeeis ( 1907 ) Ruxton, Md.
Bond, Miss Isabella M. (1918) 1402 Bolton St.
Bond, James A. C. ( 1902 ) Westminster, Md.
*BoND, Thomas E. (1910) 726 Reservoir St.
Bond, Mes. W. G. (1919) 1527 Bolton St.
Bonsal, Leigh (1902) 511 Calvert Building.
tBooKEE, William T., M. D. (1919) .. .208 W. Monument St.
BooKEB, Mrs. William T. (1919) 208 W. Monument St.
Bobdley, De. James, Jb. (1914) 201 Professional Bldg.
BosLEY, Mbs. Abthub Lee (1912) Preston Apartments.
86 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
BOTTGHNEB, MiSS MaY NICHOLSON )
,-|Q2Q^ > 2435 Madison Ave.
BotTLDiN, Mes. Chas. Newton (1916).. The Homewood Apts.
BowDOiN, Henby J. (1890) 1000 Maryland Trust Bldg.
BowDOiN, Mbs. Wm. Gbaham (1916) ...1106 N. Charles St.
BowDOiN, W. Gbaham, Jb. (1909) 401 Maryland Trust Building.
BowEN, Herbert H. (1915) American OflBce.
BowEN, Jesse N. (1916) 825 Equitable Building.
Bowers, James W., Jr. (1909) 16 E. Lexington St.
Bowers, Thomas D. ( 1916 ) Chestertown, Md.
Bowie, Claeence K. ( 1916) 3020 N. Calvert St.
Boycb, Fbed. G., Jb., ( 1916) 11 E. Chase St.
Boyce, Heywabd E. ( 1912 ) Drovers National Bank.
Boyden, Geoege a. ( 1911 ) Mt. Washington.
Bbadfobd, Samuel Webster (1916) Belair, Md.
fBBADY, S. Proctor ( 1919 ) Brooklandville.
Bbamble, Forrest ( 1919) 207 N. Calvert St.
Branch, Kev. Henry, D. D. ( 1920) 3302 Clifton Ave.
Bbanham, Mrs. Joseph H. (1919) 2200 Eutaw Place.
Brattan, J. Y. (1902) 1802 St. Paul St.
Bbattan, Mbs. J. Y. ( 1919) 1802 St. Paul St.
Beennan, Bebnaed a. ( 1919) HE. Chase St.
Beent, Robert F. ( 1908) 10 E. Lexington St.
Brent, Mrs. Robert F. (1916) The St. Paul Apts.
Brown, Alexander ( 1902) 712 Cathedral St.
Brown, Edwin H., Jb. ( 1904) Oentreville, Md.
*Bbown, Feank ( 1896) 16 W. Saratoga St.
Brown, ]\LiRY Howard ( 1920) Owings Mills, Md.
Brown, John W, (1890) 201 Ridgewood Rd., Roland Park.
*Beown, Kirk ( 1897) 1813 N. Caroline St.
Brown, W. McCulloh ( 1919) 10 W. Hamilton St.
Brown, Mrs. William T. ( 1916) Chestertown, Md.
Browne, Arthur Lee (1913) 341 Courtland St.
Bbowne, B. Bebnabd, M. D. (1892) 510 Park Ave.
Bbowne, Rev. Levstis Beeman ( 1907 ) ... St. John's Rectory, Frostburg, Md.
Browne, Mary N., M. D. ( 1919) 510 Park Ave.
*Bruce, Oliver H. (1913) Westernport, Allegany Co., Md.
Bruce, Oliver H., Jr., (1913) Cumberland, Md.
Bruce, W. Cabell ( 1909 ) 8 W. Mt. Vernon Place.
Bruce, Mrs. Wm. Cabell (1920) Ruxton, Md.
Bbune, H. M. ( 1902 ) 841 Calvert Building.
Buchanan, Thomas Gittings (1917).. 116 Chamber of Commerce. Buckingham, 'Mrs. William A. (1920) . 1918 Eutaw Place.
Buckleb, Thomas H., M. D. (1913) 1201 St. Paul St.
Bubdick, Alfeed a., M. D. (1919) 122 S. Patterson Park Ave.
Bubgan, Rev. H. W. ( 1910) Annapolis, Md.
Burgess, Mas. Edwin (1919) 6 E. Mt. Royal Ave.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 87
BuENS, F. Highlands (1919) 7 E. Eager St.
BuETON, Paul Gibson ( 1913) 725 13th St., N. W., Wash., D. C.
BuzBY, S. Stockton ( 1902) 1214 St. Paul St.
Caldwell, Charles C. (1917) Liberty Grove, Md.
Calwell, James S. (1911) 220 St. Paul St.
Caket, Chakles H. (1919) 2220 N. Charles St.
Caret, Mrs. George Leipee (1919) The Cecil Apts.
Carey, James ( 1913 ) 2220 N. Charles St.
Caeey, James, Je. ( 1917) 838 Park Ave.
Cabey, John E. (1893) " The Cedars," Walbrook.
Caee, Alfred J. ( 1920) Law Building.
Carroll, Chas. Banceoft ( 1915) Doughoregan Manor, Howard Co., Md,
Carroll, Douglas Gordon (1913) The Washington Apt.
Caey, Wilson Miles ( 1915 ) 18 E. Eager St.
Cator, Franklin P. (1914) 13-15 W. Baltimore St.
Catoe, George ( 1911 ) 803 St. Paul St.
Catob, Samuel B. ( 1900) 6 E. Pleasant St.
Chapman, James W. Jb. (1916) 2016 Park Ave.
Chapman, W. J. ( 1916 ) 2306 Eutaw Place.
Chestnut, W. Calvin (1897) 1137 Calvert Building.
Claek, Miss Anna E. B. (1914) The St. Paul Apartments.
Clift, Josiah, Je. (1919) 212 W. Monument St.
Close, Philip H. ( 1916) Belair, Md.
COAD, J. F. ( 1907) Charlotte Hall, Md.
COALE, W. E. ( 1908 ) 109 Chamber of Commerce.
CocKEY, Edward A. ( 1917 ) Glyndon, Md.
COE, Ward B. ( 1920) Fidelity Building.
Cohen, Miss Bertha ( 1908) 415 N. Charles St.
Cohen, Miss Eleanoe S. (1917) The Latrabe.
CoHN, Charles M. (1919) Lexington Bldg.
Coleman, William C. (1916) 16 E. Eager St.
COLGAN, Edwaed J., Jb. ( 1915) 330 E. 22d St.
Colston, Fbedeeick M. (1911) 3 N. Calvert St.
Colston, Geoege A. (1914) 3 N. Calvert St.
CoNKLiNG, William H., Je. (1920) 106 E. Baltimore St.
Connolly, Geeald C. ( 1919) 1116 N. Eutaw St.
Cook, Mes. Geoege H. (1919) 1001 St. Paul St.
COONAN, Edwaed V. (1907) 121 W. Lafayette Ave.
*CooPER, Miss H. Frances (1909) 1415 Linden Ave.
CooPEE, J. Ceossan ( 1912) Stock Exchange Building.
COPPEB, William B. (1916) Chestertown, Md.
CoBBiN, Mes. John W. ( 1898) 2208 N. Charles St.
Coekean, Mes. Benjamin W. (19 19).. 200 Goodwood Gardens.
CoBNEB, Geo. W. ( 1917 ) Hopkins PI. and Redwood St.
COENEE, Thomas C. ( 1913 ) 269 W. Biddle St.
Gotten, Beuce ( 1912) Cylburn, Sta. L., Mt. Wash.
Cottman, Thomas E. ( 1917 ) Chattolanee, Md.
88 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
Cotton, Mbs. Jane Baldwin (1896) ...239 Beacon St., Boston, Mass.
COTJDEN, Joseph (1920) Perryville, Md.
CoTJLSON, Albert C. ( 1920) 2121 Bolton St.
CotJBTENAY, A. D. B. (1919) 610 Lennox St.
Cowan, David Pinkney (1915) 1602 Eutaw PI.
,,--„, ( 17th. floor, Munsey Bldg.,
Chain, Robebt (1902) j ^^^^^ ^ ^
Cbapsteb, Ebnest R. (1916) 15 E. Saratoga St.
Cbanwell, J. H. ( 1895 ) Wa,ynesboro, Pa.
Ceomwell, B. Fbank ( 1918) 401 Garrett Bldg.
Cbomwell, Mbs, W. Kennedy (1916).. Lake Roland.
Cboss, John Emoby (1912) 209 Oakdale Rd., Roland Park.
Cross, Thomas A. (1919) Hotel Belvedere.
Culveb, Feancis Babnum (1910) 2203 N. Charles St.
Dabney, De. William M. (1916) Ruxton, Md.
Dallam, Richard (1897 ) Belair, Md.
Dalsheimeb, Simon ( 1909) The Lord Baltimore Press.
Dandeidge, Miss Anne S. (1893) 18 W. Hamilton St.
Dashiell, Benj. J. (1914) Athol Terrace, P. 0. Station.
Dashiell, N. Leeke, M. D. (1904) 2927 St. Paul St.
Davidson, Rev. Hunter ( 1920) Stevensville, Md.
Davis, Db. J. Staige (1916) 1200 Cathedral St.
Davis, Septimus ( 1907) Aberdeen, Md.
Davison, George W. ( 1877) 11th floor, Garrett Building,
Dawkins, Walteb I. (1902) 1119 Fidelity Building.
Dawson, William H. (1892) Law Building.
Day, Miss Mary Foeman (1907) 1735]SrewHampshireAv.,Wash.,D.C.
Dean, Mary, M. D. ( 1913 ) 901 N. Calvert St.
Deems, Clarence ( 1913 ) The Plaza.
Defobd, B. F. ( 1914) Calvert and Lombard Street.
Defoed, Mes. B. Fbank, (1916) Riderwood, Md.
Delaplaine, Edward S. ( 1920) Frederick, Md.
Dennis, James U. ( 1907 ) 2 E. Lexington St.
Dennis, John M. ( 1919) Union Trust Bldg.
Dennis, Samuel K. ( 1905 ) 2 E. Lexington St.
Denn,y, James W. ( 1915 ) 1900 Linden Ave.
Detrick, Miss Lillie ( 1919) 104 E. Biddle St.
Devecmon, WiLLiAM C. (1919) Cumberland, Md.
Dickey, Charles H. (1902) \ Maryland Meter Company,
( Guilford Av. and Saratoga St.
Dickey, Edmund S. (1914) Maryland Meter Company.
DiELMAN, Louis H. ( 1905 ) Peabody Institute.
Ditman, Miss Geace Barrow (1919) ..219 E. Biddle Street.
Ditman, Mrs. William C. (1919) 219 E. Biddle Street.
Dixon, Mrs. William A. (1919) 207 Wendover Road, Guilford.
DoBLEB, John J. ( 1898 ) 114 Court House.
DoDSON, Hebbeet K. ( 1909 ) 2206 N. Charles St.
LIST OF MEMBEES. 89
DOEBLEE, John H. ( 1920) 255 W. Hoffman St.
Donnelly, Edwakd A. ( 1919) 213 N. Calvert St,
Donnelly, William J. (1916) Commerce and Water Sta.
DoRNEY, Mrs. Charles P. (1920) 3712 Springdale Ave., Forest Park.
DoESEY, Miss Anne H. E. (1919) Ellicott City.
*DoYLE, James T. ( 1916) 204 Augusta Ave. Irvington.
Duffy, Edward ( 1920) 138 W. Lanvale St.
Duffy, Henry ( 1916) 135 W. Lanvale St.
DuGAN, Hammond J. ( 1916) 16 E. Lexington St.
DuGAN, Miss Maey Coale (1919) 225 W. Preston St.
Duke, W. Bernard ( 1909 ) 406 Water St.
Duke, Mrs. W. Bernard (1908) Eiderwood, Md.
Dukehart, Morton McI. ( 1920) Key Highway and Light St.
Dulaney, Henry S. (1915) Charles St. and Forest Aves.
DuNTON, Wm. Rush, Jr., M. D. ( 1902 ) . . Towson, Md.
Duvall, Richard M. ( 1902) 16 E. Lexington St.
DuvALL, Mrs. Richard M. (1919) The Sherwood.
Earle, Swepson ( 1916) 512 Munsey Building.
Easter, Arthur Miller (1918) 913 N. Charles St.
Eaton, Paul, M. D. ( 1917 ) 304 W. Monument St.
Eddings, Miss Grace ( 1920) 1804 Park Ave.
Egeeton, Stuart ( 1919) 106 Elmhurst Road.
Ellicott, Charles E. ( 1918) Melvale, Md.
Elliott, Mrs. Lily Tyson (1915) Ellicott City.
Elmer, Lewis S. ( 1916) 2011 Callow Ave.
Evans, H. G. ( 1918 ) 818 University Parkway.
Fahnestock, Albert ( 1912) 2503 Madison Ave.
Falconer, Chas. E. ( 1915 ) 1630 Bolton St.
Fallon, Wm. B. ( 1920) 811 Roland Ave.
Faure, Auguste ( 1916) 1200 Ethel St., Alhambra, Calif,
Fenhagen, G. Corner ( 1918) 11 E. Pleasant St.
Ferguson, J. Henry ( 1902 ) Colonial Trust Co.
Fickenscher, Miss Lenoee (1920) .... Allston Apartments.
*FiELD, S. S. ( 1918) 220 St. Paul St.
FiNDLEY, Miss Ellen B. (1919) 1016 Cathedral St.
Fisher, D. K. E. ( 1916) 1301 Park Ave.
Fisher, Miss Grace W. (1907) 1610 Park Ave,
Ford, Miss Sarah M. (1916) 1412 N. St., N. W., Wash'n, D, C.
*FosTER, E. Edmunds (1917) 924 Equitable Bldg.
Foster, Mrs. E. Edmunds ( 1917) 23 E. 22nd St.
*rosTEE, Mrs. Reuben (1909) 3507 N. Charles St.
Fowler, Lawrence Hall (1919) 347 N. Charles St,
Fox, Hamilton P., D. D. ( 1919) 753 W. Fayette St.
France, Dr. Joseph L (1916) 15 W. Mt. Vernon Place.
France, Mrs. J. I, (1910) 15 W. Mt. Vernon Place.
Freeman, Bernard ( 1916) 749 Cobb St., Athens, Georgia.
90 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Fbeeman, J. Douglas (1914) Orkney Road, Govans, Md.
Freeman, Mbs. Julius W. (1917) 2731 St. Paul St.
Fbick, Geobge Abnold (1914) The St. James Apts.
Fbick, J. Swan ( 1895 ) Guilford.
Fbick, John W. (1916) 835 University Parkway.
Feiedenwald, Haeet, M. D. (1919) .. .1029 Madison Ave. Feiedenwald, Julius, M. D. (1919) .. .1013 N. Charles St.
Fbiez, Lucien L. ( 1917 ) The Homewood.
FuBST, Fbank a. ( 1914) 3407 Elgin Ave.
FuBST, J. Henby ( 1915) 23 S. Hanover St.
Gage, Mas. Emma Abbott ( 1911 ) Annapolis, Md.
Gaithee, Chaeles D. (1919) Ellicott City, Md.
Gaithee, Thomas H., Jb. (1916) 508 Cathedral St.
Gallagheb, Mbs. Helen M. P. (1916) . .Bayville, N. Y.
Gambel, Mbs. Thos. B. ( 1915) 2017 St. Paul St.
Gantt, Mbs. Habby Baldwin (1915) . . . Millersville, Md. Gabdineb, Asa Bibd, Jb. (1912) 520 N. Calvert St.
Gaedneb, p. H. (1917) J Special Agent in Charge
f Custom House, New Orleans, La.
Gabnett, J. Meecee ( 1916) 1239 Calvert Building.
Gaebett, John W. (1898) Garrett Building.
Gabbett, Robebt ( 1898) Garrett Building.
*Gaeeett, Mrs. T. Haerison (1913) ..." Evergreen " Charles St. Ave.
Gaby, E. Stanley ( 1913) 722 Equitable Building.
*Gaey, James A. (1892) 1200 Linden Ave.
Gault, Matthew (1914) 1422 Park Ave.
GiBBS, Chaeles H. ( 1920) 511 Garrett Building.
GiBBS, John S., Jb. (1914) 1026 N. Calvert St.
Gibson, Abthur C. ( 1920) Safe Deposit and Trust Co.
Gibson, W. Hoppeb ( 1902 ) Centreville, Md.
Gillies, Mes. M. J. (1919) 211 E. Mt. Royal Ave.
GIEDWOOD, Allan C. ( 1916 ) Union Trust Building.
GiTTiNGS, James C. ( 1911) 613 St. Paul St.
Gittings, John S. ( 1885 ) 605 Keyser Building.
GiTTiNGS, Miss Victoria E. (1920) 231 W. Preston St.
Glenn, John, Jb. ( 1915) 16 St. Paul St.
Glenn, John M. ( 1905 ) 136 E. 19th St., New York, N. Y.
Glenn, Rev. Wm. Lindsay ( 1905 ) Emmorton, Md.
Gold, Conrad, M. D. ( 1919) 1618 Eutaw Place,
GOLDSBOEOUGH, A. S. (1914) 2712 St. Paul St.
GoLDSBOEOUGH, CHARLES (1908) 924 St. Paul St.
GOLDSBOEOUGH, Mrs. Fitzhugh (1919) . 1700 St. Paul St.
GoLDSBOBOUGH, Louis P. (1914) 35 W. Preston St. .
GoLDSBOBOUGH, MuBBAY Lloyd (1913) ..Easton, Md. GOLDSBOBOUGH, Philleps Lee (1915)... 927 St. Paul St.
GOODNOW, Db. Frank J. (1916) Johns Hopkins University.
GooDBicH, G. Clem ( 1916) 110 E. Redwood St.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 91
GoEDON, Mbs. Douglas H. (1916) 1009 N. Charles St.
GoBE, Clabence S., D. D. S. ( 1902) Fidelity Building.
GoKsucH, Mbs. Hakry Kepler (1919) , . 117 W. Saratoga St.
GoETEB, Jakes P. ( 1902) 128 Court House.
GoucHEB, John F., D. D, (1908) 2313 St. Paul St.
GouGH, Mbs. I. Pike (1916) 1730 St. Paul St.
GouGH, T. R., M. D. ( 1919) Barnesville, Md.
Gould, Clabexce P. ( 1908) Wash, Coll., Chestertown, Md.
Graham, Albeet D. (1915) Citizens' National Bank.
Geape, Adeian H. ( 1919) 204 Clay St.
Graves, Miss Emily E. (1916) 304 W. Monument St.
Geeenway, Miss Elizabeth W. (1917) .2322 N. Charles St.
Gbeenway, William H. ( 1886) 2322 N. Charles St.
Gbeqg, Maubice ( 1886) 719 N". Charles St.
Geesham, Thomas Baxter (1919) 815 Park Ave.
Geesham, Mbs. Thos. Baxtee (1919) .,815 Park Ave. Geieves, Clabence J., D. D. S. (1904)., 201 W. Madison St. Geiffis, Mbs. Mabgaeet Abell (1913) .Glyndon, Md.
Gbiffith, Mbs. Maey W. (1890) Stoneleigh Court, Wash,, D. C.
*Geindall, De. Charles S. (1916) 5 E. Franklin St.
Gbiswold, B. Howell, Jb. (1913) Alex. Brown & Sons.
Habighuest, Mbs. Chas. F. (1916) 1620 Bolton St.
Hall, Gary D., Jr. (1919) 706 Fidelity Bldg.
Hall, Thomas John 3bd (1920) Tracy's Landing, Md.
Haman, B. Howaed (1912) 1137 Calvert Bldg.
Hambleton, Mbs. F. S. (1907) Hambledune, Lutherville, Md.
Hambleton, T. Edward (1914) Hambleton & Co., 8 S. Calvert St.
Hammond, Edwaed M. ( 1914) 803 Union Trust Bldg.
Hammond, John Maetin (1911) . . . . ^03 W. Walnut Lane,
i Germantown, Pa,
Hance, Mbs, Tabitha J. (1916) 2330 Eutaw Place,
Hancock, James E. (1907) ...2122 St. Paul St.
Hann, Samuel M. (1915) 108 E, Elmhurst Rd., Roland Park.
Hanson, Mbs. Aquilla B. (1907) Ruxton, Md.
Hablan, Henby D., LL. D. (1894) Fidelity Building.
Hablan, William H. ( 1916) Belair, Md.
Haeley, Chas. F. ( 1915 ) Title Building.
Haeeington, Emeeson C. (1916) Cambridge, Md.
Haebis, W. Hall ( 1883 ) Title Building.
Harris, Mrs. W. Hall (1919) 511 Park Ave.
Harris, William Barney (1918) Ten Hills.
Harris, Wm. Hugh (1914) Fidelity Building.
Harris, Mrs. William Hugh (1919) . .Oakdale, Howard Co.
Harbison, Geobge ( 1915) 1615 Eutaw PL
Habbison, J. Edwaed ( 1915) 3023 Guilford Ave.
Harrison, Mrs. John W. (1919) Middle River, Md.
Harrison, Miss Rebecca (1919) 521 Fairfax Ave., Norfolk, Va.
92 MAKYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
tHAET, Robert S. ( 1915) Fidelity Building.
Harvet, Mes. William P. (1919) 932 N. Charles St.
Hayden, William M. ( 1878) Eutaw Savings Bank.
Hayes, A. Goedon ( 1919) 214 W. Madison St.
Haywaed, William H. ( 1918) 110 Commerce St.
Haywaed, F. Sidney (1897) Harwood Ave., Govans, Md,
Helfenstein, Rev. Edwaed T 1507 Park Ave.
Helfeich, Mes. Samuel 1401 Park Ave.
Henderson, Chaeles F. (1919) Continental Trust Bldg.
Hendeeson, Mes. Lotjisa P. (1919) . .Cumberland, Md.
Hendebson, Robert R. (1918) Cumberland, Md.
Hennighattsen, Peecy C. (1919) 231 Courtland St.
Henry, J. Winfield (1902) 107 W. Monument St.
Henry, Mes. Robeeta B. (1914) Waterbury, Md.
Henry, W. Laied ( 1915 ) Cambridge, Md.
Heeeing, Thomas R. (1919) 717 N. Broadway.
Hicks, Thomas (1919) 106 W. Madison St.
HiLKEN, H. G. ( 1889 ) 4 Bishop's Road, Guilford.
Hill, John Philip (1899) 712 Keyser Building.
Hinkley, John ( 1900) 215 N. Charles St.
HiSKY, Thomas Foley (1888) 215 N. Charles St.
Hitchcock, Ella Speague (1919) 312 Strathmore Ave.
Hite, Deayton Meade (1919) 1211 Madison Ave.
Hobbs, Gustavtts Waefield (1917) ... .Editorial Dept., The Sun.
HoDGDON, Mes. Alexander L. (1915) .. Pearsons, St. Mary's Co., Md.
TT TUT „ TVT.^^.^^r., TD / 1 oAQ \ i 142 Duke of Gloucester St.,
Hodges, Mrs. Margaret R. (1903).. ] ,. ,,,
( Annapolis, Md.
Hodson, Eugene W. (1916) Care of Thomas & Thompson.
Hoffman, J. Henry, D.D.S. (1914) 1225 N. Charles St.
Hoffman, R. Curzon (1896) 1300 Continental Trust Building.
Hollander, Jacob H., Ph.D. (1895).. 1802 Eutaw place.
HoLLOWAY, Charles T. (1915) Normandie Heights, Md.
Hollow AY, Mrs. R. Ross (1918) Normandie Heights, Md.
Homer, Charles C, Jr. ( 1909 ) 2nd National Bank.
Homer, Francis T. (1900) 40 Wall St., New York, N. Y.
Homer, Mrs. Jane Abell (1909) Riderwood, Baltimore Co.
Hopkins, John Howard (1911) Sta. E, Mt. Washington Heights.
Horsey, John P. (1911) 649 Title Building.
Howard, Charles McHenry (1902) 901 St. Paul St.
Howard, Charles Morris (1907) 1010 Munsey Bldg.
Howard, Harry C. ( 1907 ) 939 St. Paul St.
Howard, John D. (1917) 209 W. Monument St.
Howard, McHenry ( 1881 ) 901 St. Paul St.
Howard, Wm. Ross ( 1916) Guilford Ave. and Pleasant St.
Hubbard, Wilbur W. ( 1915 ) Keyser Building.
HuBNER, William R. ( 1920) Safe Deposit and Trust Co.
Hughes, Adrian (1895) 4104 Maine Ave, West Forest Pk.
Hughes, Thomas (1886) 1018 Cathedral St.
LIST OF MEMBEES. 93
Hull, Miss A. E. E. ( 1904) The Arundel.
Hume, Edgab Eeskine, M. D, (1913) . .Johns Hopkins Club.
HuMBiCHOUSE, Habky H. (1918) 465 Potomac Ave., Hagerstown, Md.
tHuNT, Chaeles ( 1919 ) 100 Longwood Koad, Koland Pk.
Hunter W. Carroll ( 1916) White Hall, Md.
Hunting, E. B. ( 1905 ) 705 Calvert Building.
HuBD, Henry M., M. D. (1902) 1023 St. Paul St.
Hurst, Charles W. (1914) 24 E. Preston St.
Hurst, J. J. ( 1902 ) Builders' Exchange.
Hyde, Enoch Pratt (1906) 223 W. Monument St.
Hyde, Geo. W. ( 1906) 225 E. Baltimore St.
Hynson, Dk. Henry Parr ( 1920) The Latrobe Apartments.
Iglehaet, Francis N. (1914) 14 E. Lexington St.
IGLEHABT, Iredell W. ( 1916) 10 S. Calvert St.
IGLEHART, James D., M. D. (1893) 211 W. Lanvale St.
Iglehart, Mrs. James D. (1913) 211 W. Lanvale St.
Ijams, Mrs. George W. (1913) 4509 Liberty Heights Ave.
Ingle, Edward ( 1882) The Cecil.
Ingle, William ( 1909 ) 1710 Park Ave.
Jackson, Mrs. George S. (1910) 34 W. Biddle St.
Jacobs, Mrs. Henry Barton (19 16).. 11 W. Mt. Vernon Place. Jacobs, Henry Barton, M. D. (1903) ..11 W. Mt. Vernon Place.
Jacobsen, Alfred W. ( 1919) Pen Lucy Ave.
Jamar, Dr. J. H. ( 1916) Elkton, Md.
James, Norman ( 1903) Catonsville, Md.
Jenkins, George C. ( 1883 ) 16 Abell Building.
Jenkins, Thos. W. ( 1885 ) 1521 Bolton St.
Johnson, J. Altheus (1915) Seat Pleasant, Prince Geo. Co., Md.
Johnson, J. Hemsley (1916) 225 W. Monument St.
fJOHNSTON, Samuel, M. D. (1919) . . . .Greenway Apartments. Johnstone, Mrss Emma E. (1910) 855 Park Ave.
Jones, Arthur Lafayette (1911) . . . ] ^^^« °^ ^-^- Wilson Co.,
( Calvert Buildmg.
Jones, Elias, M. D. ( 1902 ) Custom House.
Jones, Mrs. Harry C. ( 1919) 2523 Madison Ave.
Jones, T. Barton (1914) 1213-14 Fidelity Bldg.
JuDiK, Mrs. J. Henry ( 1918 ) 1428 Madison Ave.
Karr, Harry E. ( 1913) 1301 Fidelity Bldg.
Keech, Edw. p., Jr. ( 1909) 900-901 Maryland Trust Bldg.
Keech, Colonel Frank B. (1919) Wall St., New York.
Keene, Miss Mary Hollingswobth ) g ^_ Hamilton St.
1917) )
Keidel, Geo. C, Ph. D. (1912) 300 E. Capitol St., Wash't'n, D. C.
Kelly, Howaed A., M. D. (1919) 1418 Eutaw Place.
Kennedy, Joseph P. ( 1915) Charles and Wells Sts.
94 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Keys, Miss Jane G. { 1905) 208 E, Lanvale St.
Ketsee, Mbs. H. Ievine (1894) 104 W. Monument St.
Ketseb, R. Bbent (1894) 910 Keyser Building.
Keyseb, W. Ievine (1917) 206-7 Keyser Building.
Ktlpateick, Mes. Rebecca H. (1917).. 1027 St. Paul St.
KiEK, Henby C. (1908) 207 Longwood Road, Roland Park.
KiEK, Mbs. Henby C. (1917) 207 Longwood Road, Roland Park.
KiBKLAND, Ogden A. ( 1889) Belcamp, Md.
KiEWAN, Geoege W. ( 1919) 11 E. Chase St.
Klinefelteb, Mes. Emily Hendbix ) chestertown, Md.
(1915) )
Knapp, Chaeles H. ( 1916) 1418 Fidelity Building.
Knapp, Geobge W. (1919) 920 N. Charles St.
Knapp, Geoege W., Je. (1919) 1116 N. Calvert St.
Knapp, William G. ( 1919) 920 N. Charles St.
Knox, J. H. Mason, Je., M. D. (1909) . .The Severn Apts.
Koch, Chaeles J. ( 1905 ) 2524 Maryland Ave.
KooNTZ, Miss Maby G. ( 1917) 307 Augusta Ave., Irvington, Md.
Lacy, Benjamin ( 1914) 1630 Linden Ave.
Lanahan, Mes. Chas. M. (1915) Washington Apartments.
Lankfoed, H. F. ( 1893) Princess Anne, Md.
LATANfi, John Holladay, Ph.D., LL. D. (1913) Johns Hopkins Univ.
Lamtbence, William H. (1920) Law Building.
Leakin, Maegaeet Dobbin (1920) Lake Roland, Md.
Leakin, J. Wilson ( 1902) 814 Fidelity Building.
Ledebee, Lewis J. ( 1916) Marine Bank Building.
Lee, Miss Elizabeth Collins . (1920) . 1535 Park Ave.
Lee, H. C. ( 1903) Franklin Bldg.
Lee, John L. G. ( 1916) 511 Calvert Building.
Lee, Richabd Laws (1896) 232 St. Paul St.
*Legg, James C. ( 1919) 217 Forest Road.
Lego, John C, Je. ( 1916) 110 E. Redwood St.
Lehe, Robeet Olivee (1916) 302 Exchange Place.
Leveeing, Edvtin W. (1916) Calvert and Redwood Sts.
Leveeing, Eugene ( 1895) 26 South St.
Levy, William B. ( 1909) 1 1th floor, Fidelity Building.
LiNTHicuM, J. Chaeles (1905) 705 St. Paul St.
LiNviLLE, Chaeles H. ( 1918) 1935 Park Ave.
LiTTiG, Mes. John M. (1919) 1010 Cathedral St.
LrvEZEY, E. ( 1907 ) 22 E. Lexington St.
Ljungstedt, Mbs. A. 0. ( 1915) \ ^^^^ ^^';''' ^f'
I Box 46, Route 3.
Lloyd, C. Howaed ( 1907 ) 1120 St. Paul St.
*LLorD, Henby ( 1902 ) Cambridge, Md.
LocKAED, G. Caeeoll, M. D. (1919) 4 E. Preston St.
LocKWOOD, William F., M. D. (1891).. 8 E. Eager St.
LoNN, Miss Ella ( 1919) Goucher College.
LIST OF MEMBEES. 95
Lord, ]Mbs. J. Williams (1919) 1010 Cathedral St.
Lucas, Wm. F., Jb. ( 1909 ) 221 E. Baltimore St.
LuBMAN, Miss Minna ( 1919) 1514 Park Ave.
Lyell, J. Milton (1916) 1163 Calvert Building.
Lynch, Mrs. Stephen H., Jr. (1920) . . . 4407 Penhurst Ave.
Lyon, Miss Mary A. ( 1916) 1209 Linden Ave.
Lytle, Wm. H. ( 1908) 1220 St. Paul St.
McAdams, Rev. Edw. P. (1906) 31 Augusta Ave.
*MoAllister, Francis W. (1916) 520 Woodlawn Rd., Roland Park.
McClellan, William J. (1866) 1208 Madison Ave.
McColgan, Charles C. ( 1916) 12 E. Lexington St.
McCormick, Roberdeau a. (1914) . . . .McCormick Block.
McCoRMiCK, Thomas P., M. D. (1902) . . Napoleonville, La.
MacDonald, J. Stuart (1919) 212 N. Charles St.
McElroy, Mrs. Elizabeth M. (1917) .. .1619 McCulloh St.
McEvoY, James, Jr. ( 1909) 533 Title Bldg.
McEvOY, P. J. ( 1919) 402 Cathedral St.
Macgill, Richard G., Jr. (1891) 110 Commerce St.
MoGroarty, William B. ( 1920 ) Ill W. Mulberry St.
Machen, Arthur W. (1917) 1109 Calvert Building.
MoIlvaine, ]Miss Elizabeth Grant )
, jg-,-, f512 Park Ave.
Mackall, W. Hollingsworth (1909) ..Elkton, Md.
Mackenzie, Thomas (1917) 607 Continental Building.
McKjion, Mrs. E. H. (1910) 12 E. Eager St.
fMoKiM, Mrs. Hollins ( 1916) 975 St. Paul St.
McKim, S. S. ( 1902 ) Savings Bank of Baltimore.
McLane, Allan ( 1894) Garrison, Md.
MoLane, Miss Catherine (1919) . . . .211 W. Monument St. McLane, Miss Elizabeth C. (1919) . .211 W. Monument St.
McLane, James L. (1888) 903 Cathedral St.
McLane, JMiss Sophie H. (1919) 211 W. Monument St.
Macsherby, Allan ( 1914) 104 Charlcote Road, Guilford.
Magrudeb, James M., D. D. (1919) 103 W. Monument St.
Mahool, J. Barry ( 1920) 121 S. Calvert St.
Maloy, William Milnes (1911) 1403 Fidelity Building.
Mandelbaum, Seymour (1902) 619 Fidelity Bldg.
Mankin, Miss Olivia ( 1919) The Walbert.
Manly, Mbs. Wm. M. (1916) 1109 N. Calvert St.
Mabbubg, Ikliss Amelia (1919) 6 E. Eager St.
Marburg, William A. (1919) 6 E. Eager St.
Marbury, William L. ( 1887 ) 700 Maryland Trust Building.
Marine, Miss Harriet P. (1915) 2514 Madison Ave.
fMARRiOTT, Telfair W. (1916) Burford Apts,
Marriott, Mrs. Telfair W. (1919) . . .The Burford Apts.
Marsden, Mrs. Charles T. (1918) 1729 Bolton St.
Marshall, Mrs. Charles (1917) The Preston.
96 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Maeshall, John W. ( 1902) 13 South St.
Martin, Richard T. ( 1919) 322 Spalding Ave.
Marye, William B, ( 1911 ) 222 E. Biddle St.
Mason, Harry M. ( 1919) 104 St. Paul St.
Massey, E. Thomas ( 1909) Massey, Kent Co., Md.
Mathews, Edward B,, Ph.D. (1905) . .Johns Hopkins University.
IMay, George ( 1916) Maryland Club.
Maynadier, Thomas Murray (1919) . .Plaza Apts.
Meekins, Lynn R, (1908) 2418 N. Charles St.
Meiere, T. MoKean ( 1916) 1724 N. Calvert St.
Merchant, Henry N. ( 1915) 119 E. Baltimore St.
Merritt, Elizabeth (1913) 3402 W. North Ave.
Middendorf, J. W. ( 1902) American Building.
Miles, Joshua W. (1915) Custom House.
Miller, Charles R. ( 1916) 507 Greenway Apartments.
*MiLLER, ]VlRS. Charles R. (1916) 507 Greenway Apartments.
Miller, Decatur H., Jr. (1902) 506 Maryland Trust Building.
Miller, Edgar G., Jr. ( 1916) 815 Calvert Bldg.
Miller, Paul H. ( 1918) 815 Calvert Building.
Miller, Walter H. ( 1904) \ ^^'^ ""^ ^""<^''° ^'''^^'
< 348 Broadway, N. Y.
MiLLiGAN, John J. (1916) 603 N. Charles St.
Mitchell, Joseph B. (1917) 2123 N. Calvert St.
IVIiTCHELL, Walter R. ( 1920) 112 E. Preston St.
MoHLER, ;Mrs. Isaac Winbert (1920) . . The Homewood Apartments.
Moody, W. Raymond (1911) Chestertown, Md.
Moore, Miss Mary Wilson (1914) 2340 N. Calvert St.
Morgan, John Hurst (1896) 10 E. Fayette St.
Morgan, Wilbur P., M. D. (1919) 315 W. Monument St.
Mullen, Rev. Albert Oswald (1912) ..329 E. Lafayette Ave.
Muller, Miss Amelia ( 1917 ) 807 W. Fayette St.
MuLLiN, Miss Elizabeth Lester (1916) Mt. Royal Apts.
Munder, Norman T. A. ( 1920) Coca-Cola Building.
Murray, Daniel M. ( 1902 ) Elk Ridge, Md.
Murray, James S. ( 1919) 4411 Greenway, Guilford.
Murray, Rt. Rev. John G. (1908) . . . . Chas. St. Av. and Univ. Parkway.
Myers, William Starr (1902) 104 Bayard Lane, Princeton, N. J.
Myers, Willis E. ( 1911 ) 10 E. Fayette St.
Nash, Charles W. ( 1908 ) 614-A Equitable Building.
Neal, Rev. J. St. Clair (1914) Bengies, Baltimore Co., Md.
Nelugan, John J. ( 1907) Safe Deposit and Trust Co.
Nelson, Alexander C. (1907) 210 E. Redwood St.
Newcomer, Waldo ( 1902) National Exchange Bank.
NicoDEMUs, F. CouRT^TEY, Je. (1902) . . 43 E. 18th St., New York, N. Y.
Nicolai, Charles D. (1916) 4105 Pennhurst Ave.
NiMMO, Mrs. Nannie Ball (1920) DeVere Place, Ellicott City, Md.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 97
Noble, Edwaed M. ( 1919) Denton, Maryland.
NoLTiNG, William G. ( 1919) 11 E. Chase St.
NoBEis, IVIiss Elizabeth (1919) Hillen Rd. and Sycamore Ave.
NoBBis, Jeffeeson D. (1914) 128 W. Lanvale St.
fNoBEis, Lloyd ( 1917 ) 114 W. Clay St.
Obee, Gustavus, Je. ( 1914) 1217 N. Charles St.
Obee, J. Hambleton (1915) 1101 St. Paul St.
Odell, Waltee George (1910) 3021 W. North Ave.
O'DoNOVAN, Chaeles, M. D. (1890) 5 E, Read St.
O'DoNOVAN, John H. ( 1919) Washington Apts.
tOTDoNOVAN, Rev. Louis ( 1918) 31 N. Fulton Ave.
Offdtt, T. Scott ( 1908 ) Towson, Md.
Olivee, John R., M. D. ( 1919) The Latrobe.
*Olivee, Thomas H. (1890) . . .'. 41 University PL, Univ. of Va.
Olivee, W. B. ( 1913 ) 1st floor, Garrett Building.
Oliviee, Stuabt ( 1913 ) The News.
O'Neill, J. W. (1919) Havre de Grace, Md.
OsBOENE, Miss Inez H. (1917) Havre de Grace, Md.
Owen, Fbanklin B. (1917) 804 Guardian Bldg., Cleveland, O.
Owens, Albeet S. J. (1912) 1408 Fidelity Building.
Owens, Edwabd B. ( 1915) 130 S. Charles St.
Paca, John P. ( 1897) 620 Munsey Building.
Pache, Joseph ( 1917 ) 1532 Harlem Ave.
Page, Mes. Heney, Je. ( 1919) Fort Crook, Neb.
Page, Wm. C. (1912) Calvert Bank.
_, TT7 TI7 iinioK ( Curtis Bay Ordnance Depot,
Pagon, W. Wattebs (1916) < .,,■,,,,.„«
^ ( South Baltimore P. O.
Pabke, Fbancis Neal (1910) Westminster, Md.
Paekeb, John ( 1916 ) Peabody Institute.
Paekeb, Mes. T. C. (1918) i ^^SO Riverside Ave., Jacksonville,
i. Florida.
Paee, Mes. Chas. E. (1915) 18 E. Lafayette Ave.
Paeban, Mes. Fbank J. ( 1908) 144 W. Lanvale St.
Paeean, William J. ( 1903) 124 S. Charles St.
Passano, Edwabd B. (1916) Towson, Md.
Pattebson, J. LeR. ( 1909 ) Chilham Rd., Mt. Washington.
Patton, Mes. James H. (1913) Guilford Manor Apts.
Paul. Mes. D'Aecy ( 1909 ) "Woodlands," Gorsuch Ave.
*Peabce, James A., LL. D. (1902) Chestertown, Md.
Peaebe, Aubeey, Je. ( 1906) 207 N. Calvert St.
Peaeee, Geoege a. ( 1919) P. O. Box 444, Cumberland, Md.
*Pegbam, Wm. M. ( 1909 ) U. S. Fidelity and Guaranty Co.
Penniman, Thos. D. ( 1911 ) 922 Cathedral St.
Pennington, De. Clapham (1917) ... .1530 Bolton St.
Pennington, Josias ( 1894 ) Professional Building.
Pennington, Mes. Josias (1916) 1119 St. Paul St.
7
98 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Pentz, Mes. Bettie F. (1919) 1646 E. Fayette St.
Pebine, E. Glenn ( 1882) 18 E. Lexington St.
Peeine, Mrs. George Coebin (1916) .. .1124 Cathedral St.
Perine, Washington (1917) 607 Cathedral St.
Perkins, Elisha H. ( 1887 ) Provident Savings Bank.
Perkins, William H., Je. ( 1887) 1010 Munsey Bldg.
Petee, Robeet B. ( 1916 ) Rockville, Md.
Phenis, Albert ( 1919) \ Manufacturers Record South
( and Water Sts.
PiETSCH, Andeew J. ( 1919) 2505 Garrison Ave.
Pitt, Faeis C. ( 1908) 912 N. Charles St.
Pitt, Heebebt St. John (1915) 912 N. Charles St.
Platt, Waltee B., M. D. (1919) 802 Cathedral St.
Pleasants, J. Hall, Je., M. D. (1898). 201 Longwood Road, Roland Park
POLLITT, L. Ieving ( 1916) 1715 Park Place.
Post, A. H. S. (1916) Mercantile Trust and Deposit Co.
Poultney, Walter De C. (1916) St. Paul and Mulberry Sts.
Powell, Wm. C. (1912) Snow Hill, Md.
Powell, Mrs. William M. (1919) Canterbury Hall.
tPowELL, Mrs. Wm. S. ( 1916) Ellicott City, Md.
Preston, James H. ( 1898) 916 Munsey Bldg.
Peettyman, Charles W. ( 19t)9 ) Rockville, Md.
Peice, De. Eldridge C. (1915) 1012 Madison Ave.
Price, William H. J. ( 1917) 825 Equitable Building.
PuBDUM, Bradley K. (1902) Hamilton, Md.
*Raboeg, Edward L. ( 1918) Hotel Rennert.
Radcltete, Geo. L. P., Pn. D. (1908) . . .615 Fidelity Building.
Ranck, Samuel H. ( 1898) Public Lib'y, Grand Rapids, Mich.
Randall, Blanchabd ( 1902) 200 Chamber of Commerce Bldg.
Randall, Mrs. Blanchard (1919) Cloud-Capped, Catonsville.
Randall, Daniel R. (1917) 841 Calvert Building.
Randolph, George F. ( 1916) B. & 0. Building.
Rawlings, J. Soule (1920) 1729 Bolton St.
Rawls, W. L. (1905) 700 Maryland Trust Building.
Raynee, A. W. ( 1905) 610-611 Fidelity Building.
Rede, Wyllys, D. D. ( 1919) 210 W. Madison Ave.
Redwood, Mes. Mary B. (1907) 918 Madison Ave.
Reed, Mes. Emilie McKim ( 1909) 512 Park Ave.
Reese, Mes. J. Evan ( 1917) 110 Edgevale Road, Roland Park.
*Reifsnider, John M. (1895) Public Service Commission of Md.
Remington, Stanley G. ( 1920) 347 N. Charles St.
Remsen, Ira, LL. D. ( 1901 ) Johns Hopkins University.
Renotjf, Edward ( 1919 ) Monkton, Md.
Retell, Edward J. W. ( 1916) 1308-09 Fidelity Bldg.
Rich, Mbs. Edwaed L. (1915) Catonsville, Md.
Rich, Edwaed N. ( 1916) Union Trust Building.
Richardson, Albeet Levin (1902) The Donald Hotel, Wash., D. C.
LIST OF MEMBERS. 99
Richardson, Mbs. Hester D. ( 1901 ) . . . The Donald Hotel, Wash., D. C.
Richmond, Miss Sarah E. (1915) 603 Evesham Ave., Towson, Md.
RiDGELT, Miss Eliza ( 1893 ) 825 Park Ave.
RiDGELY, Mrs. Helen ( 1895 ) Hampton, Towson, Md.
RiDGELY, John, Jr. ( 1916 ) Towson, Md.
RiDGELY, Martin E. (1914) Benson, Harford Co., Md.
RiDGELY, RusTON M. (1892) 707 Gaither Building.
RiEMAN, Mrs. Charles Ellet (1909) j ^'^mbarton Farms,
I Rodger's Forge P. 0., Md.
RiEMAN, Charles Ellet (1898) 14 N. Eutaw St.
RiQGS, Clinton L. ( 1907 ) 606 Cathedral St.
RiGGS, Lawrason ( 1894) 632 Equitable Building.
RiORDAN, Charles E. ( 1907 ) 204 Exchange Place.
Ritchie, Albert C. ( 1904) Annapolis, Md.
Rttter, William L. (1878) 541 N. Carrollton Ave.
^Roberts, Mrs. John B. (1916) 1116 St. Paul St.
Robinson, Ralph ( 1894) 1310 Continental Building.
Robinson, William Champin (1917).. 32 South Street.
Rogers, Mrs. Henry W. (1914) Riderwood P. 0., Balto. Co., Md.
T, m /imii < Md. National Bank,
Rollins, Thornton (1911) ] , o i _i. o*
( Baltimore and Calvert Sts.
ROHRER, C. W. G., M. D. (1910) Lauraville Sta., Baltimore, Md.
Rose, Douglas H. ( 1898) 10 South St.
Rose, John C. ( 1883 ) P. 0. Building.
RoszEL, MAJOR Beantz Mayer ( 1919 ) { Shenandoah Valley Academy,
' ( Winchester, Va.
ROTJZER, E. McCltjee (1920) Maryland Casualty Tower.
Rumsey, Charles L., M.D. (1919) 812 Park Ave.
Ruth, Thos. De Coursey (1916) 1918 F St., N. W., Wash., D. C.
Ryan, Wm. P. ( 1915) 1825 E. Baltimore St.
Rylaito, Samuel P. ( 1909 ) 810 American Building.
tSADTLER, Mrs. Geo. W. (1908) North Carolina.
Sadtler, Howard P. ( 1915) 1163-69 Calvert Bldg.
Sadtler, Mrs. Rosabella ( 1902) 1421 Eutaw Place.
Sanford, John L. ( 1916) 317 Munsey Building.
Sappington, a. DeRussy ( 1897) 733 Title Building.
Sattlee, Mrs. Edmund ( 1920) 914 St. Paul St.
Scott, James W. ( 1919) 205 W. Fayette St.
Scully, Mrs. Lela Orme (1920) Baden, Md.
Sears, Thomas E., M. D. (1894) 2741 Guilford Ave.
Seeman, Feedeeick C. (1919) 110 Hopkins Place.
Sellees, Miss Annabel (1919) 801 N. Arlington Ave.
Sellman, James L. ( 1901 ) Merchants-Mechanics Nat'I. Bank.
Sellman, Miss Lucinda M. (1919) . . . 1419 Linden Ave.
Semmes, John E. (1884) 10 E. Eager St.
Semmes, John E. Jr. ( 1916) 825 Equitable Building.
Seth, Frank W. ( 1914) 18 Broadway, New York City.
100 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL, MAGAZINE.
Seth, Joseph B. ( 1896) Easton, Md.
Shannahan, John H. K. (1919) Sparrows Point.
Shippen, Mrs. Rebecca Lwyd Post.. ) 2202 Q St., N. W., Wash., D. C.
(1893) I
Shibk, Mes. Ida M. (1914) 16 W. 65th St., New York.
Sheiveb, J. Alexis ( 1907 ) Wilna, Harford Co., Md.
Shoemaker, Mrs. Edward (1919) 1031 N. Calvert St.
Shower, George T., M. D. ( 1913) 3721 Roland Ave.
Siix, Howard (1897) 11 E. Pleasant St.
Simmons, Mrs. H. B. ( 1916) Chestertown, Md.
SioussAT, Mrs. Anna L. (1891) Lake Roland, Md.
Sioussat, St. George Leakin (1912) ..University of Penn., Phila., Pa.
Sippel, Mrs. John F. (1919) 1728 Linden Ave.
Skinner, Mrs. Harry G. (1913) Mt. Washington, Md.
Skinner, M. E. ( 1897 ) 1103 Fidelity Bldg.
Skirven, Percy G. ( 1914) 3900 Cottage Ave.
Slack. Eugene A. ( 1919) 2629 N. Charles St.
Slade, Mrs. Elizabeth Love (1920) . .. Reisterstown, Md.
Sloan, George F. ( 1880 ) Roland Park.
Slocum, Mrs. George W. (1919) 1208 N. Calvert St.
Smith, Alan P. 3rd ( 1920) 18 E. Madison St.
Smith, Rev. Chester Mansfield (1912)925 Cathedral St.
Smith, Frank O. ( 1913) Washington, D. C.
Smith, John Donnell ( 1903) 505 Park Ave.
Smith, Miss Margaret M. (1919) ... .1229 Park Ave.
Smith, Rush W. Davidge (1917) 3600 Reisterstown Road.
Smith, Thomas A. ( 1909 ) Ridgely, Caroline Co., Md.
Smith, Thomas Marshall (1919) 16 Somerset Rd., Roland Pk.
Smith, Tunstall (1917) The Preston.
*Smith, Mrs. Walter Prescott (1913) . 18 E. Madison St.
Snowden, Wilton ( 1902 ) Central Savings Bank Building.
*SoLLERS, Somerville ( 1905) 1311 John St.
Soper, Hon. Morris A. (1917) The Marlborough Apts.
SoTHORON, Pinckney L (1920) 19 W. Mt. Royal Ave.
*Spencer, Richard H. ( 1891 ) Earl Court.
Stabler, Edward, Jb. ( 1876) 610 Reservoir St.
Starr, Rt. Rev. Wm. E. (1914) 102 W. Lafayette Ave.
Staton, Mary Robinson (1918) Snow Hill, Md.
Staub, William H. (1919) 809 Hamilton Terrace.
Steele, John Murray, M. D. (1911) . . .Owings Mills, Md.
Steele, Miss Margaret A. (1917) Port Deposit, Md.
Stein, Chas. F. ( 1905) S. E. Cor. Courtl'd & Saratoga Sts.
Steiner, Bernard C, Ph.D. (1892) 1631 Eutaw Place.
Sterling, George S. ( 1902 ) 228 Light St.
Steuaet, Miss M. Louisa (1919) 839 Park Ave.
Steuart, Richard D. ( 1919) Baltimore News Office.
Stevenson, H. M., M. D. (1904) 1022 W. Lafayette Ave.
LIST OF MEMBEKS. 101
Stewabt, David (1886) 1005 N. Charles St.
Stewaet, Redmond C. ( 1916) 207 N. Calvert St.
Stieling, Rear Admiral Yates ( 1889 ) . . 209 W. Lanvale St.
Stockbbidge, Henry ( 1883 ) 11 N. Calhoun St.
Stockbridge, Henry, 3d (1917) Ten Hills, Md.
Stockett, J. Noble (1919) 1430 Linden Ave.
Stokes, Miss Elizabeth H. (1920) 619 St. Paul St.
*Stone, John T. (1894) N. W. Cor. Baltimore & North Sts.
Stork, John William (1914) 424 N. Charles St.
*Stort, Frederick W. (1885) 217 Court House.
Stran, Mrs. Kate A. ( 1900) 1912 Eutaw Place.
Strickland, C. Hobart (1916) Guilford Apartments.
Stitabt, .James E. ( 1919) Title Bldg.
Stuart, Miss Sarah Elizabeth (1915) . Chestertown, Md. Stump, Mary Fernandez de Velasco ) t> i • tvtj
(1917) f ^^^^'
Sturdy, Henry Francis (1913) Annapolis, Md.
Sudler, Miss Carolina V. (1915) 1028 Cathedral St.
Summers, Clinton ( 1916 ) 101 Roland Ave.
SuMWALT, Mrs. Mary H. (1909) 2921 N. Calvert St.
Sweeny, Mrs. Louis F. (1919) 2813 St. Paul St.
Symington, Wm, W ( 1916) Catonsville, Md.
Talbott, Mrs. Bertha C. Hall (1913) . Rockville, Md.
Taylor, Archibald H. (1909) 405 Maryland Trust Building.
Thayer, W. S., M. D. ( 1902) 406 Cathedral St.
Thiblkeld, Rev. L. A. (1918) 2026 N. Fulton Ave.
Thom, DeCouecy W. ( 1884) 405 Maryland Trust Building.
Thom, Mrs. Mary W. (1919) 600 Cathedral St.
Thom, Mrs. P. Lea ( 1902) 204 W. Lanvale St.
Thomas, Miss Eliza S. (1919) 1102 McCuIloh St.
Thomas, Mrs. Harvey C. (1914) 2110 Mt. Royal Terrace.
Thomas, Geo. C. (1915) 2426 N. Charles St.
Thomas, James W., LL. D. ( 1894) Cumberland, Md.
Thomas, John B. (1910) S. E. Cor. Charles and 33rd Sts.
Thomas, William S. ( 1915) 1302 Eutaw Place.
Thomas, Miss Zaidee T. (1916) 1302 Eutaw Place.
Thompson, H. Oliver (1895) Title Building.
Tiffany, Herbert, T. ( 1919) 132 W. Lafayette Ave.
Tiffany, Mrs. Louis McLane (1920) . . 831 Park Ave.
Ttlqhman, Oswald ( 1906 ) Easton, Md.
Tilghman, jMajor Harbison (1917) . ...Easton, Md.
Todd, W. J., M. D. ( 1902 ) Mt. Washington, Md.
ToLSON, Albert C. ( 1916) 82-83 Gunther Building.
Tome, Peter E. ( 1919) 2437 N. Charles St.
Tome, Mrs. Peter E. (1919) 2437 IST. Charles St.
Towers, Albert G. ( 1920) Title Building.
Trippe, James McC. ( 1918) 1602 Bolton St.
102 MAKTLAND HISTORICAIi MAGAZINE.
Trippe, Richard ( 1917) 1116 Munsey Building.
Tboupe, Mrs. Calvin Ferris (1914) St. Paul Apartments.
Troupe, Rinaldo W. B. (1914) Homewood Apartments.
Tbundle, Mrs. Wilson Burns (1914) .2414 Madison Ave.
Tubman, Robert E. ( 1915) 117 W. Lombard St.
TuRNBULL, Miss Anne Graeme (1919) . 1623 Park Ave.
TuRNBULL, Mrs. Chester B. (1916) . . .Cedarcroft, Hollen & Sycamore Sts.
TuRNBULL, Edwin L. (1916) 12 E. Lexington St.
Turner, Howard ( 1916 ) Betterton, Kent Co., Md.
Turner, Rev. Joseph Brown (1915) 75 Main St., Port Deposit, Md.
Turner, J. Frank ( 1903 ) 23 East North Ave.
Tyson, A. M. ( 1895 ) 207 N. Calvert St.
Tyson, Mrs. Florence MacIntyre K^.^ ^ Preston St (1907) f "
Van Bibber, Armfield F., M. D. (1918)Belair, Md.
VanDtke, Edwaed H., D. D. ( 1920) Westminster, Md.
ViCKERY, E. M. ( 1913 ) 1223 N. Calvert St.
Vincent, John M., Ph. D. ( 1894) Johns Hopkins University.
VocKE, Henby B. ( 1920) 103 E. 25th St.
Walker, Mrs. Catherine F. (1915) Chestertown, Md.
Wallace, Chas. C. ( 1915) 804 Union Trust Bldg.
Walters, Henry (1880) Abell Building.
Ward, Dr. Geo. W. ( 1896) 31 Talbot Road, Windsor Hills.
*Warfield, Edwin ( 1879) Fidelity Building.
Warfield, Edwin, Jr. ( 1914) Fidelity Building.
Waefield, Mrs. Edwin ( 1919) Oakdale, Howard Co., Md.
Warfield, Miss Emma (1919) Oakdale, Howard Co., Md.
Waefield, F. Howard (1919) 2507 N. Charles St.
Warfiexd. George (1913) 624 N. Carroll ton Ave.
Warfield, John ( 1916 ) 15 E. Saratoga St.
Warfield, Miss Nina H. (1919) 10 E. Madison St.
*Warfield, Ridgely B. (1907) 845 Park Ave.
Warfield, S. Da vies (1902) 40 Continental Trust Building.
Warner, Mrs. Theodore (1919) 843 University Parkway.
Waters, Francis E. (1909) 905 Union Trust Building.
Waters, J. Seymour T. (1902) 222 St. Paul St.
Waters, Miss Mary E. ( 1916) London, England.
Watters, Robinson C. (1919) Fidelity Bldg.
Watts, J. Clinton ( 1914) 2035 Guilford Ave.
Watts, Sewell S. ( 1916 ) Calvert and Redwood Sts.
Weaver, Jacob J., Jr., M. D. (1889) Uniontovm, Md.
Webber, Charles R. ( 1920) B. and 0. Building.
Wellee, 0. E. ( 1919) Wardman Park Inn, Wash., D. C.
Wells, Jacob Bier ( 1918) 1323 Park Ave.
Welsh, Mrs. Robert A. (1916) Millersville, A. A. Co., Md.
West, Harry ( 1916 ) Hanover and Fayette Sts.
LIST OF MEMBEES. . 103
West, Henry S. ( 1919) Towson,
West, Mrs. Henky S. ( 1919) Towson.
Weston, B. Latkobe ( 1919) U. S. Fidelity and Guarantee Co.
Wettee, John King ( 1917 ) 1631 N. Calvert St.
Whitakek, W. Price ( 1920) Chesapeake City, Md.
White, Mrs. George Howard, Jr. i „^_ c,^ -r, , ^,
(1920) } 907 St. Paul St.
White, Harry P. (1919) Dames Quarter, Somerset Co., Md.
White, Julian Le Roy ( 1887 ) 2400 W. North Ave.
White, Miles, Jr. ( 1897 ) 607 Keyser Building.
Whiteley, J. Holmes (1920) 1008 N. Charles St.
Whitmore, Eev. Clarence Willard > oj. at j ^ .l ,,,
(1920) ; St. Mary's City, Md.
Whithidge, Morris ( 1890) 10 South St.
Whitridge, William (1919) 4112 Greenway, Guilford.
Whithidge, William H. ( 1886) 604 Cathedral St.
Whitridge, Mrs. Wm. H. (1911) 604 Cathedral St.
Wilkinson, A. L., M. D. (1910) Raspeburg, Balto. Co., Md.
Will, Allen S. ( 1910) 2620 N. Calvert St.
Willard, Daniel ( 1913 ) B. & O. Building.
Williams, IVIr. E. A. (1920) P. O. Box. 1023, Baltimore.
Williams, Miss Elizabeth Chew | -.^^ ^ „„,,
Williamd, Fred R. ( 1914) 213 Courtland St.
Williams, George Weems (1919) 108 W. 39th St.
Williams, Henry W. ( 1891 ) 1113 Fidelity Building.
Williams, N. Winslow (1896) 1113 Fidelity Building.
Williams, R. Lancaster (1919) Equitable Bldg.
Williams, Raymond S. ( 1917) 1109 Calvert Bldg.
Williams, Stevenson A. ( 1914) Belair, Md.
Williams, T. J. C. ( 1907 ) Juvenile Court.
Williamson, R. E. Lee ( 1918) Maple Lodge, Catonsville, Md.
WnxsoN, Mrs. Notley (1917) ^ Rock Hall, Md.
Wilson, Miss Adelaide S. (1919) 1013 St. Paul St.
Wilson, J. Appleton ( 1893 ) SOT) Law Building.
Wilson, Mrs. J. Appleton (1919) 1013 St. Paul St.
Wilson, Mrs. Letitia Pennell (1917) .2608 Keyworth Ave.
Wilson, Mrs. William T. (1898) 1129 St. Paul St.
Winchester, Marshall (1902) Fayette & St. Paul, S. W.
Winchester, William ( 1880) Belvedere Hotel.
WooDALL, Casper G. ( 1909 ) American OflBce.
Woodruff, Caldwell, M. D. (1914) Hyattsville, Md.
Woods, Hiram, M. D. ( 1911 ) 842 Park Ave.
Woods, Mrs. Hiram ( 1920) 842 Park Ave.
WooTTON, W. H. ( 1905) 10 South St.
WoBTHiNGTON, CLAUDE (1905) 110 Chamber of Commerce.
WoBTHiNGTON, Ellicott H. (1917) 1531 Bolton St.
104 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
WORTHINGTO]Sr, THOMAS ChEW, M. D. ) ooon "D td j -n^ ^ "O 1
' ' > 3830 Bonner Road, Forest Park.
(1920) t
Wboth, Lawrence C. ( 1909 ) 215 E. Preston St,
Wyatt, J. B. Noel i 1889) 1012 Keyser Building. ,
Yellott, Osborne Ingle (1919) 609 Calvert Bldg.
Young, Andrew J. Jr. ( 1916) 814 Fidelity Building.
YotJNG, Hugh Hampton, M. D. (1919) . .Cor. Bidgeley and Bu&h Sts.
*YouNG, Louis F. ( 1916) Cold Spring Lane.
Young, Mrs. Sarah J. Gobsuoh (1917) .214 Chancery St., Guilford.
/ol. XVI
JUNE, 1921
No. 2
MARYLAND HIST
p
CAL MAGAZINE
PimLISHED BY
THE MARYLAND fflSTORICAL SOCIETY
ISSUED QUARTEltor
ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, t3.00-SINGLE I^UMBERS, 75cts.
BALTIMORE
STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC., REQUIRED BY THE ACT OF CONGRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912,
Of Maryland Historical Magazine, published quarterly at Baltimore, Md., for April 1, 1921.
State of Maryland, City of Baltimore, ss.
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared Louis H. Dielman, who having been duly sworn ac- cording to law, deposes and says that he is the Editor of the Maryland Historical Magazine and that the following is to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the ownership, management, etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, embodied in section 443, Postal LsCws and Regulations, printed on the reverse of this form, to wit:
1. That the namet and addresses of the publisher, editor, managiBg editor, and business managers are:
Publisher, Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore, Md. Editor, L^uis H. Dielman. Managing Editor, none. Business Managers, none.
2. That the owners are: (Give names and addresses of Individ aal owners, or, if a corporation, give its name and the names and addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of the total amount of stock.)
JNIaryland Historical Society. Xo stock. Organ of the Society, pub- lished solely for the diffusion of historical information, and disiributed to the membership.
3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mort- gages, or other securities are: (If there are none, so state.) None,
Louis H, Dielman,
Editor.
Sworn to and subscribud before me this 31st day of March, 1921. [Seal] Edward Sipple,
Notary Public.
ARCHIVES OF MARYLAND
Published, "by authority of the State
VOLUME XXXIX
This volume is now ready for distribution, and contains the Acts and Proceedings of the General Assembly of the Province, during the Sessions held from 1732/3 to 1736. During this period, Samuel Ogle was Governor, and he met difficult situations with tact and firmness. In 1733, a very important act was passed for emitting bills of credit, under which a considerable amount of paper money was issued, with such wise measures for the establishment of a sinking fund, that the bills were finally redeemed. An important militia act was passed, as also was one for the improvement of the navigation of the Patuxent River, Towns were erected at Elkridge Landing, on the site of Princess Anne, etc. A general law for the relief of insolvent debtors completes the important legislation of the Session.
The Session of 1733/4 lasted only six days, when the Governor dissolved the Assembly, because the Lower House expelled four members, who had accepted office from the Proprietary.
A year later, a new Assembly was convened without great change in the membership. It did the surprising act of electing Daniel Dulany, one of the expelled members, as its speaker, and, when he declined, chose James Harris, a new member, though Colonel John Mackall, the old speaker had been re-elected to the Assembly.
A general naturalization law was then passed, and the importa- tion of negroes, "Irish Papists," and liquors was restricted. The act concerning ordinaries was revised, and a license was required from peddlars. A duty was laid for the purchase of arms and ammunition.
In 1735/6 a second Session, styled a Convention, was held with- out any legislation, since the Houses fell out with each other, over the question of allowances to the Councillors. After a proroga- tion of ten days, the Houses re-assembled, and, in a short time, passed a considerable number of laws, some of which had been discussed at the earlier meeting. Among these, were acts to remedy the evil conditions of the Annapolis jail by building a new one, to erect Georgetown and Fredericktown on the Sassafras River, to encourage adventurers in iron works, and to amend the laws in regard to the inspection and sale of tobacco. The ques- tion as to the Councillors' allowances was settled by a compromise, and the disturbances along the Pensylvania boundary line, which are associated with the name of Captain Thomas Cresap, find echo in the legislative proceedings.
The attention of members of the Society who do not now receive the Archives is called to the liberal provision made by the Legis- lature, which permits the Society to furnish to its own members copies of the volumes, as they are published from year to year, at the mere cost of paper, press work, and binding, this cost is at present fixed at one dollar, at which price members of the Society may obtain one copy of each volume published during the period of their membership. For additional copies, and for volumes pub- lished before they became members, the regular price of three dol- lars is charged.
THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY
INCORPORATED 1843.
OFFICERS.
President,
W. HALL HAREIS.
Yice-Presidents,
HENRY STOCKBRIDGE, DeOOURCY W. THOM,
VAN LEAR BLACK.
Corresponding Secretary, Recording Secretary,
J. APPLETON WILSON, GEORGE L. RADCLIFFE.
Treasii,rer, HEYWARD E. BOYCE.
THE COUNCIL.
The General Officebs AND Representatives of Standing Committees:
Representing the Trustees of the Athenaeum. " Committee on Publication.
" Committee on the Library.
" Committee on Finance.
" Committee on Membership.
" Committee on the Gallery.
" Committee on Addresses.
" Committee on Genealogy.
CLINTON L. RIGGS, JOHN M. VINCENT, RICHARD M. DUVALL, PHILLIPS L. GOLDSBOROUGH McHENRY HOWARD, RUXTON M. RIDGELY, JAMES McC. TRIPPE, BERNARD B. BRO\^^^E, M. D.
1866. 1892. 1909. 1915. 1916. 1916. 1916.
1919. 1920.
BENEFACTORS OF THE SOCIETY
GEORGE PEABODY, Gift, .
J. HENRY STICKNEY, Bequest,
ISAAC F. NICHOLSON, Gift, .
MENDES COHEN, Bequest,
ISAAC HENRY FORD, Bequest,
ISAAC TYSON NORRIS, Gift, .
MRS. MARY WASHINGTON KEYSER,
iGift of the buildings and grounds of the Society. MISS ELEANOR S. COHEN, . . Historical Relics and $300 HON. HENRY STOCKBRIDGE, . Gift, .... 1,000
$20,000 1,000 1,000 5,000 1,000 1,000
CONTENTS.
Page The Baxtimobe County " Gaeeison " and the Old Garrison
Roads. William B. Marye, 105
Some Letters from Correspondence of James Alfred Peabce.
Edited by Bernard C. Steiner, 150
Some Early Colonial Marylanders. MoHenry Howard, - - 179
The Calvert Family. Part II. John Bailey Calvert Nicklin, - 189
Extracts from the Annual Report of the Gallery Committee
OF the Maryland Historical Society, .... 204
Committee on Publications
SAMUEL K. DENNIS, Chairman. JOHN M. VINCENT, BERNARD C. STEINER.
LOUIS H. DIELMAN, Editor.
MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE
Vol. XVI. JUNE, 1921. No. 2
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY "GARRISON" AND THE OLD GARRISON ROADS ^
William B. Marye
The following is the story of the Baltimore County " rang- ers " — of that small body of men which, late in the seventeenth century, was called into service to patrol the wilderness, and to guard, or to forewarn, the frontier plantations of the county, which at that time lay within or bordered the region of tidal estuaries, against incursions and raids of Indians. It is an account, so far as we have been able to put it together from scat- tered and rather scanty records, of the fort called " The Garri- son," which they built at the head of one of the branches of Jones Falls, of the roads through the forest which they laid out or adapted to their use, and of the several stations or outposts, which they erected at intervals on these roads. Lastly this article contains a theory of Indian roads offered in explanation
^ T^e late Reverend Dr. George Leakin and Dr. George Archer made in- dependently extensive researches on the above subjects; but, as far as I am aware, the results of these researches were never fully published. I had the privilege of reading most of Dr. Arclier's notes, which are now the property of the Harford County Historical Society, and have been deposited for safety with the Maryland Historical iSociety ; and I am indebted to Dr. Archer for one or two theories, for which I will give due credit in the proper place.
105
106 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
of the motives which determined the choice of the site of the " Garrison," as well as of other facts which otherwise may have to remain unexplained.
The protection of outlying settlements of the Western Shore from Indian forays was, in the seventeenth century, a matter of grave concern to the people of Maryland, and companies or patrols of " rangers " were early employed for this purpose. These rangers were not at first a standing military body, but were raised only in time of emergency, and were afterwards disbanded. In the year 1675 the Council desired the consent of the Governor to an order " that twenty men and horse be kept out ranging between Petapsco and Potomack untill the Gover- nor's order to the contrary, and that the commander that shall be appointed by the Governor have power to presse horses armes ammunition and provisions wherever he come." (Md. Archives, xv^ 58). In 1676 it was ordered by the Governor and Council " that Capt. John Allen doe continue to range above Pascatta- way and over towards Petuxent with thirty horse till ordered to the contrary." (Md. Arch., xv, 92). In 1681 it was proposed to raise a standing troop of rangers in each county to protect frontier settlements against the Indians. (Md. Arch., vii, 154- 155).2
At a Council held at the house of John Larkin in Anne Arundel County August 16th, 1692, Captain Thomas Rich- ardson ^ was appointed Chief Ranger for part of Baltimore County, namely, " from the falls of Back River (i. e. Herring Run) upward to the extent of the said country." Thomas Hooker was appointed ranger from the falls of Back River downward to the extent of the county. The next day the Coun- cil issued the following order : " that the Rangers appointed to
^ Thomas iLytfoot was appointed iChief Ranger for Baltimore County on April 12th, 16'83 ('Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber G, No. 1, 1693-1696, i. 195). He was also Surveyor for Baltimore County.
' I have had occasion to mention iiito in former articles. He lived on the south side of Gunpowder River. At the time when he was appointed Chief Ranger he was also commissioned Surveyor for Baltimore County.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAREISON." 107
watch and guard the Frontiers of the Province be still con- tinued and that Captain Thomas Richardson with twelve men under his Command be appointed to range on the Frontiers of Baltimore County." (Md. Arch., viii, 339, 353).
The following order was issued by a Council held at Saint Mary's October 6th, 1692: "Ordered that six men with two Officers be appointed in the most considerable and exposed Places on the Frontiers vizt Captain Richd Brightwell with six men under his command well armed & provided to range from the head & Branches of Pottomuck to the branches of Potuxent one other with six men more armed &ca as aforesd from the head of Pottuxent to the head of Pottapsico and one more with the like number of men from thence to the head of Susquehanno River * to be nominated and appointed, as also their pay agreed for and acertained, by his Excellency the Governor." (Md. Arch.,YUi, 378).
At a Council held at Saint Peter's October 14th, 1692, the following order concerning rangers was issued:
" Rangers appointed for the year ensuing upon the Frontiers of this Province vizt
" 'Captain Richard Brightwell with six men from the Falls of Pottomuck to the Branches of Pottuxen Captain Thomas Richardson from the Freshes of Pottuxen to the falls of Potap- sicoe with six men Captain James Maxwell from the Falls of Potapsicoe to Susquhanno River with six men to be paid men and Officers p Ratio as in Virginia." (Md. Arch., viii, 398).
At a Council held at Saint Peter's near Saint Mary's March 9th, 1692, the following resolutions respecting rangers were passed : " Advised therupon and resolved by the Board that three Forts be forthwith erected in each of which a dwelling House sufficient to retain and accomodate a Captain or Com- mander and nine Souldiers together with a small Cabbin for four Indians to be found and sent thither by the Emperor of Nante-
* Thiis expression is, of course, not to be taken literally. It meant some part of the river at or not many miles above the liead of tidewater.
108 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
coke the Emperor of Pascattoway and the King of Choptico the said three Forts to be erected & built one in Charles County by the Direction and appointment of Captain John Addison one in Anne Arundell County at the direction & appointment of Coll !N'icholas Greenberry & the other about the Falls of Potapsicoe towards or near Susquehannoh River in Baltimore County that Captain Richard Brightwell command the Fort at
Charles County Capt. at Anne Arundell and Captain
Thomas Richardson that in Baltemore County, ordered also that the aforesaid Captain John Addison and Coll Nicholas Green- berry be desired, authorised and empowered to press and pro- cure Carpenters work labourers provision tools and other neces- sarys for erecting and building the said Forts and that they have assurance given them from this Board of being satisfied and paid for the same at the publick charge to be allowed p rato at the price current when such things are got and procured. Ordered also that Captain John Addison be and he is hereby desired authorised and empowered to treat with and procure of the Emperor of Pascattaway four of his Indians for the Fort at Charles County, as also with the Kings of Mattawoman and Choptico for two of their Indians (vizt) each of them one for the Fort in Anne Arund^^, and that a Letter be likewise writ to Coll^ Charles Hutchins of Dorset County acquainting him with the proceedings of this Board for the safeguard and secur- ity of the Inhabitants of this Province & the Indians our Friends desiring and empowering him also to treat with and engage the Emperor of I^antecoke to afford and assist us with six of his Indians (vizt) two for the Fort in Anne Arundell and four for that of Baltemore County the said Indians to be relieved and their Places to be supplyed with others from time to time as the said Emperors and Kings to whom they respect- ively belong shall think fit the said Indians are likewise to be employed in Hunting and Killing Deer and other Game for the use and accommodation of the Forts to which they shall Respectively be assign'd and to be paid for the same ready down at the Fort in Match Coats to be Purpose (?) at the usuall &
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 109
common rates as they are allowed in other places where they have used to hunt or be employed." {Md. Arch., viii, 461-462). The three forts, the erection of which was provided for in the foregoing order of Council can, so far as the author's researches have gone, neither be located to a certainty, nor identified with any known to have been erected, the situation of which is known. The author has found no clue whatever to the location of any fort in Anne Arundel County. The fort in Charles County may have stood at the place where, a few years later, the " garrison " of the men who ranged between Potomac and Patapsco Rivers was situated, that is, at New Scotland, at the falls of Potomac River, probably at or near Georgetown, on land belonging to Colonel John Addison and William Hutchinson.^ The fort in Baltimore County may have
"References to the "garrison" at New Scotland at the Fa:lls of Potomac River will be found in Maryland Archives, xxn, pp. 22, 90; xxiii, pp. 305, 327. In 1697 a, new fort was ordered to be erected at the "Garrison" at New Scotland on the hill above the fort already erected, which is called the " new fort." There must have been built in all at least two forts at thiis place. It was arranged with the Virginia rangers that they should keep gamison at Ousley's plantation in iStafford County, " whereby the Rangers on this side the Potomac may easily have communicatiion w<ith them "{Md. Archives, xxiii, 234). At a -Council held October 16th, 1797, the following order was passed relative to the Garrison at Potomac River:
" Coll Addison & Mr. Hutchins owners of the land where the Garrison is kept being asked whether the Rangers may have leave to plant corn in any of those Indian fields & clear the hill there near the ffort. Do make An- swer that they may ffreely do the same wth out any disturbance. " Ordered that a ffort be built upon the top of the sd. Hill near the other ffort and tht the said Hill be cleared by the Souldiers at the Garrison ; and that the Honoble iColl Jno Addison take care to gett a house built there, at the cheapest rate he can; but that he do not actually build the same till he see whether the Indians return thither or not; yet however that he gett the timber ready for the stockadoes and see tht the hill be cleared " { Md. Archives, xxni, 247 ) .
The allusion to the expected return of Indians to the Garrison on Potomac evidently has reference to the Piscattaways, who, early in 1697, absconded from the province and settled in the mountains at the head of Opequon River in Virginia {Md. Archives, xix, 566). Many and, for a time futile, efforts were made to induce the Indians to return. The proposed fort may have been intended for them to occupy.
110 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
been built on or near tbe site of " The Garrison." It may even have been identical with " The Garrison." The language of the order affecting its erection is confusing, but it appears to mean that the fort might be built anywhere between Patapsco and Susquehanna Rivers.
At a Council held at Battle Town June 14th, 1694, an order was issued " that Captain John Addison take care to Raise ffive men & a Captain to Range from the ffalls of Potomock to the ffalls of Petuxent or in other places where it shall be Needful to make quest after all skulking Indians and that the said Rangers be placed where the said Capt Addison shall direct; to be continued till the last of October." At the same time an order was issued to Colonel Greenbury to raise twelve men for rangers, six for Anne Arundel County and six for Baltimore County. (Md. Archives, xx, 68).
On February 28th, 1694/5, John Oldton was appointed cap- tain of the Baltimore County rangers. A month later he ren- dered the following report to Colonel Nicholas Greenberry :
" Whereas his Ex'^^y the Governor at a Council held ffeb'^y the 28th day 1694 was pleased to nominate & appoint one John Oldton to have the Conduct & Charge of Six Rangers for Balti- more County and the said Six men to be Raised by me for the service of Ranging; & the names of the said persons be given unto Nicholas Greenberry ffor his Approbation Therein, and in Obedience to the aboves'^ Order I doe present unto the said Greenberry these persons hereafter Named ; ^ Daniell Welsh,
'The names of the rangers who served under Captain Richard Brightwell in 1692 will he found in Md. Archives, viii, 445,
The Potomac Rdver " Garrison " may have been situated on a tract of 759 acres called " Whitehaven " surveyed for John Addison and William Hutchinson April 9th, 1689, and described in the Charles iCounty Rent Roll- as beginning " at a bounded black oak on ye side of ye first fall of Poto- mack ye first bounded tree of Lynes land called Philip and Jacob." I find no person named Hutchins who surveyed land by the falls of Potomac River before 1697, and no person of that name who took up land with Colonel John Addison.
* It may be worthy of note that the names of all of these men, anoluding that of Captain Oldton, appear in a list of taxables of the south side of
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY "' GARRISON." Ill
Henry King, Thomas Robards/ Tobias Stansberry,^ Josias Bridges and Moses Edwards ^ ; all Inhabitants & house keepers in the abovesaid County of Baltimore ; in Testimony of all and singular the Premises abovesaid I doe hereunto subscribe my name this 23rd day of March annoq. Dom. 1694/5.
John Oldton."
Back River, Baltimore County, taken in June, 1694. (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber G, No. 1, 1693-1696, f. 274.) Bridges is there called " Josiali Bridge"; Stansberry (Stansbury) is called " Starnborrow." Captain Oldton is credited witli the possession of three negro slaves, a somewhat unusual luxury for the tlime and place, although slaves were numerous enough in Baltimore County a few years later.
'' Thomas Roberts. There appears to have been " bad blood " between him and his commanding officer. At a meeting of the Council held July 3rd, 1696, was read the deposition of Ttomas Roberts of Baltimore County, aged forty years or thereabouts, wiho testified as follows: "That Captain Old tons party of Rangers being at one time in; and the Leivets party out upon Ranging, he did not goe out to Relieve the Lewtents party according to appointmt Whereupon the Leivetents party came in, and so both parties were in at one time. That the said Rangers do not live at the place Setled beyond the Inhabitants, (but that they come in among the inhabi- tants " {Md. Archives, xx, 452-453).
An order was at once passed Iby the Council " that Capt John Oldton Commander of the Party of Rangers in Baltemore County make ansrwer in writing to the above Deposition & that for the future he take care that they live all together at the place Settled beyond the Inhabitants and that while the one party goes out a Ranging the other party keeps Con- stantly at the Garrison and that they go out upon a Saturday (except some extraordimary occasiion happen out) and so keep together at the Garrison all Sunday, and then the other party go out again the next day. That he take care to Return aai Accot of his Ranging at least once a Month lif opportunity happens, pursuant to foirmer Instructions which thing he has not yet Observed nor Oomplyed with. That if those persons now under his Command will (not accept to Comply with this and the former Instructions that he get other Persons that will accept thereof." The same orders and instructions were sent to Captain Brdghtwell of the Potomac River rangers.
On July 7th, 1696, Captain appeared before the Council and, in answer to the charges made by Thomas Roberts, declared "that the Informatibn thereiin Contaiin'd is false, as he Can prove by the whole Company and that he 'had Offered the Leivetents place to him once who Rejected it; wherupon he put in another; and lastly he does say that the said Roberta is alltogetheir unquallifyed for the said Office." Captain Oldton was ther- upon ordered to make answer in writing " wihat way the said Roberts is unqualified, and why he was not put in hiis Leivtent pursuant to Ordr."
112 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
To the above report is appended an endorsement signed by Colonel Greenberry stating that the men selected by Captain Oldton as rangers are " well qualified persons and good woods men." (Md. Arch., xx, 204-205).
The following day iCaptain Oldton delivered the required answer in a letter addressed to Grovernor Nicholson, as follows:
" Aceonding to an Ordr of yor Exncy to Thomas Ex)beirts to be Leivtent under the Ckm;duct of Jdhn Oldton by your Exncy appointed Capt of the Rangers of Baltemore County; the motives and Reasons which Yor Exncy Requires to the saiild Ordr are as thus That the said Thomas Roberts is altogether incapable of the management of the said Office, and that the persons that are under my Conduct say, that they will not be Commanded by the said Thomas Roberts, he being by them taken to be a moross sort of a Person and altogether unwilling to be by him Commanded. These reasons and Objections I hope may weigh with your Exncy and therefore I humbly Pray the Liberty of the Choice of Tobias Stanborough to be my Leivtnt which doubt not but your Exncy will admit off."
Roberts was apparently transferred to some other branch of the militia service of Baltimore County, for later in the year 1696 he signed a petition as lieutenant. (Md. Archives, xx, 544).
The order requiring the Baltimore County Rangers to remain at the Garrison on Sundays was not the only provision made for the spiritual welfare of the men; for we learn that they were provided, not only with such necessary equipment as guns, powder, shot and " grenadoes," but with " two holy Bibles, Two Bookes of the whole duty of Man, Two Bookes of Catechism, and one Booke Titled a Brief discourse concerning the Worshipping God," which were to be at their disposal " when they shall be required to Range out upon the Publick service for the Better discovery of any Approaching enemy makeing their inroades into this Province of Maryland." ( Md. Archives, xx, 204-205 ; xix, 531 ) . It is possible that the morose disposition attributed to Thomas Roberts was associated with a religious temperament, and was not, we fancy, greatly improved by the study of such pious, but no doubt gloomy, works as " The Whole Duty of Man " and " A Brief Discourse Concerning the Wor- shiping of God."
* Ancestor of the well-known Stansbury family. In his history of the Stansbury family, published in Volume IX of this Magazine, the late Dr. Christopher Johnson cites a deposition of Tobias Stansbury taken in the year 1707, in which the deponent declares that when he first went rang- ing, Daniel Welsh showed him a boundary of " Maiden's Choice." Dr. Johnson does not quote the deposition in full, but refers the reader to a manuscript book entitled " Baltimore County Resurveys." In spite of diligent inquiry and search the author of this article has never been able to discover the present whereabouts of this valuable book. It is not identical with either of the two books of Land Commissions found among
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 113
John Oldton or Oulton settled in Baltimore County some time prior to 1688/^ where he died in 1709. Although he appar- ently left no descendants, he was twice married, first to Anne Gorsuch, sister of the well-known brothers and early settlers, Charles, Robert, Richard and Lovelace Gorsuch, and widow of (1st) Captain Thomas Todd and (2nd) Captain David Jones,
both of Baltimore iCounty. His second wife was Mary ,
mother-in-law of Francis Watkins of Baltimore County. Cap- tain Oldton and his wife Mary Oldton died the same year.^^ He appears to have resided on Back River, in Patapsco N^eck.^^
the Baltimore County Court Proceedings in the office of the Superior Court Clerk, Baltimore Court House. The author will be deeply in- debted to anyone who can tell him where it is. The deposition of Tobias Stansbury to which Dr. Johnson alludes would probably help to solve a question which otherwise may remain unanswered, that is, the question of the course of the Garrison Road west of Gwinn's Falls. " Maiden's Choice " lies west of Gwinn's Falls and south of the present Frederick Road, and includes the land now Loudon Park Cemetery.
* He took up two tracts — " Edwards' Lott " and " Edwards' Enlarge- ment " — which lay within the old limits of Baltimore City, before the recent extension of the city limits, that is, on the York Road some distance north of North Avenue. These lands were later resurveyed by Christopher Carnan and called " Huntingdon " after one of the tracts included in the resurvey. lA branch of Jones Falls which descended from these lands, was known as Edward's Run. I think it is identical with Sumwalt Run, which very recently has been turned into a sewer from Guilford almost to Jones Falls. The name " Sumwalt Run " is ob- viously recent, being derived from a person who had an ice pond on the run within the last few decades.
"iSee the case of John iCopas against John Oldton and Anne his wife, administratrix of David Jones (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber F. No. 1, 1691-1693, f. 484, August Court, 1693), which shows that in the year 1688 the plaintiff went to the house of John Oldton to demand a heifer which he claimed as his own.
"The inventory of Captain Oldton's estate was taken October 5th, 1709; that of his wife's estate was taken December 10th, 1709. Francis Wat- kins signs the latter's inventory as son-in-law. There is also a deed of gift from Francis Watkins to his mother-in-law Mary Oldton of Bal- timore iCounty, widow, dated July 20th, 1709. A number of articles listed in Captain Oldton's inventory are described as burnt, a fact from which it might be inferred that his house had burned down. Captain Oldton died intestate. John Hays of Back River was his administrator.
"On what land he lived is not certainly known. His original home
114 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
His house probably stood on a tract called " Kindness " ^^ which he owned, which lies near the head of Back River on the south side, and is now crossed by the tracks of the Pennsylvania Rail- road. The name of a tract which was surveyed for him — " Darley Hall " ^* — suggests the possibility that Oldton may have intended to commemorate some family estate or manor of that name ; but the name of another tract — " Pemblicoe " ^^ —
was probably on some tract in which his first wife had a dower right. By a deed dated March, 1693-4, Colonel John Thomas of Baltimore County conveyed to James Wells, in consideration of being released from the obligation of teaching him to read and write, fifty acres of a tract called " Gardeson." The land conveyed is described as lying " between Patapsco River and the head of Back River in the woods . . . beginning at a bounded red oak standing on a hill side near to a branch descending to Back River and running north-east sixty-four perches to a bounded white oak standing by the main road going to John Oldtons." (Balti- more County Court Proceedings, Liber G. No. 1, 1693-1696, f. 190.) " Gardeson " lies between the head of Back River and Colgate's Creek. Captain Oldton is described as " of Back River " in the proceedings of a suit brought against him by Peregi'ine Brown in March, 1708-9. (Bal- timore County Court Proceedings, Liber I. S. No. B., 1708-1705, March Court, 1708-9.)
" " Kindness," 234 acres, was conveyed to him by John Richardson, September 3, 1701.
" " Darley Hall " was surveyed for John Oldton June 12th, 1696, and was laid out for 300 acres, but, according to the late Mr. Story, con- tained many more. This tract lies on both sides of the Harford Road extending south as far as North Avenue. It embraces a part of Clifton Park, lit was laid out on the headwaters of a large brook known ori- ginally as Mounteney's Run, later called the Harford Run, the last traces of which were recently effaced. Oldton conveyed " Darley Hall " to John Ensor on November 3rd, 1697. It was long the home of the Ensor family The situation of " Darley Hall " is shown on Mr. Story's admir- able map of tracts which lie within or adjacent to the eastern and north- eastern limits of Baltimore City. This map hangs in the Baltimore Court House. In Familiae Minorum Gentum, a book published by the Harleian Society, there is the pedigree of a family named Potter, a member of which, Richard Potter of Manchester, married Jane the daughter of Christopher Bower of Darley Hall.
^' " Pemblicoe," 800 acres, was surveyed for .John Oldton and Thomas Hedge April 26th, 1699, on or about the site of the Pimlico race course. On August 5th, 1714, John Hays, administrator of John Oldton, and John Ensor, administrator of Thomas Hedge the younger, assigned the survey to Thomas Macnamara. (Patents, Liber E. E. No. 6, 93-94.)
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 115
which he took up, suggests connections with London. Some time after his commission as captain of rangers was taken from him '^^ (1698) Oldton was in England; ^^ but he returned even- tually to die in Baltimore County.
Captain Oldton was probably a man of a hard fighting type, doubtless overbearing and quick of temper. In 1692 he was found guilty of the murder of Dennis Garrett of Baltimore
Macnamara had a resurvey executed on this tract on Novemiber 8th, 1715, which contained thirteen thousand eight hundred acres; but the resurvey was never patented. (Unpatented Certificates, No. 1125, Balti- more County.)
^* It is recorded that in the year 1698 the Rangers on Potomac River and the Baltimore iCounty Rangers presented petitions against their respective commanders. {Md. Archives, xxn, 168. )[ I have been unable to find these petitions, if they still exist. On October 14th of the preceding year the Baltimore County Rangers had been ordered dis- banded, but this order does not appear to have gone into effect. {Md. Archives, xxii, 90.) However, on April 2nd, 1698, at a meeting of the Council held at Annapolis the following letter was sent to Captain Old- ton:
"Capt Oldson
" This is to acquaint you that with the Advice of his Majestys honble Council it being thought fit for his Majestys Service & ease of the country I disband & dismiss you from the present command you have over the Rangers in Baltemore Coiuity as likewise the men under you whereof you & every of you are to take due notice given under my hand & seal the day & year above written.
" Postscript
" You or any of your Rangers will Come hither Mr Henry Denton Clk of his Majestys honble Council will give you a full Acct of your pay.
"To Captain John Oldton Commandr of the Rangers in Baltemore County att the Garrison there." {Md. Archives, xxiii, 403-404.)
At the same time Colonel John Addison was ordered to raise a new company of Rangers, consisting of ten men and two captains, but Captain Richard Brightwell was not to be one of the captains. The old rangers were to be continued in the service until the new ones had been equipped and had taken the field, after which they were to be disbanded.
"In a Rent Roll of Baltimore County dated 1700 and now in the possession of the Maryland Historical Society {Calvert Papers, No. 886) the tract ealled " Fellowship " or " Oldton's Felowship," which was laid out for John Oldton June 12th, 1696, on Little Britain Ridge near the head of Herring Run (not far southeast of Towson) is entered with the following remark : " The said Oulton in England."
116 MAKYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
County, and was condemned to be hanged, but received a royal pardon in time to save his life.^^ Whether or not he had friends at Court remains a mystery. In an earlier article of this author's we have seen how, in the strenuous days of the seven- teenth century, a man's being found guilty of trading with the Indians on the Sabbath Day in no ways interfered with his being appointed a vestryman of a prominent parish; so that it seems only reasonable that the onus of a verdict of murder in the first degree should not prevent a man of the best soldierly qualities from assuming the honorable duty and high responsi- bility of guarding the frontiers of a province.
There are a number of reasons why Marylanders should re- member 'Captain John Oldton. Captain Oldton was, if not the actual builder of the " Garrison " (he probably was the builder) , at least the man who made it memorable by his occupation of
*'At a Council held at iSaint Mary's on April 11th, 1692, one Rebecca Saunders, who had been condemned for murder, was reprieved, and her execution suspended until the next Provincial Court. " The like order passed in favor of one John Olton a Taylor convict and under sentence of Death for a Murder." (Md. Archives, vni, 314.) The trial of John Oldton will be found in "Provincial Court Proceedings Judgments," Liber D. S. No. C, 1692-1693, f. 15: "The jurors ... doe present John Oldton late of Baltemore County taylor for that he the said John Oldton the 31st of July 1691 at Baltemore County . . . with force and armes in and upon the body of one Dennis Garrett then and there ... an assault did make and him the said Dennis with one sword of the value of twenty shillings being the proper sword of the said John Ouldton upon the forehead of the said Dennis one blow did give of which said blow the said Dennis immediately from the 30th day of July aforesaid till the 2nd day of Septemlber did languish on which 2nd day of September in the year and at the place aforesaid the said Dennis Garrett of the said blow did dye." The witnesses were: Philip Roper, Nicholas Hale, John Cole (son-in-law of the deceased), Thomas Stone, Abraham Vaughan and Barbara Garrett (the widow). Oldton was condemned to be hanged; but " afterwards the said John Oulton was graciously pardoned by their Majes- ties pardon in usuall forme."
Dennis Garrett, an early settler on the site of Baltimore, has many de- scetadants through the Cole, Gorsuch and Ensor families. With Thomas Stone ibe purchased " Long Island Point," a tract surveyed for William Poultney on the site of Fell's Point. (His widow, Barbara Garrett, married (2nd) Thomas Broad.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 117
it during nearly four years ; ^^ by his laying-out or adaptation to the uses of his rangers of various " garrison roads," of some of which fragments still survive ; and by two interesting reports he has left us of his " ranging." With his name is associated the historic place-name of "Garrison Forest," as well as the names of such " garrison roads " as we still have with us. He took up the land on which our famous race-course stands, and was responsible for the name of the place. He had surveyed some hundreds of acres now included in the city of Baltimore,^^ and he was probably the builder of the first section of that road which later became the Harford Road within the old limits of
"It is very dou'btful whether the Garrison was ever occupied as a fort after 1698. Built in a wilderness reanote from settlements the Garrison was soon overtaken 'by the advance of colonization which, with the begin- ning of the eighteenth century, made extraordinary progress. A decade later than 1698 the Garrison was on the frontier, if not within it. In the Baltimore County iCourt Proceedings (Liber I. S., No. B, 1708-1705, f . '278 ) is the record of a suit brought by William Logsdon against Thomas Gwinn, in which the plaintiff charges the defendant with the breach of a contract made November 31st, 1709, to build a forty-foot tobacco house on a tract called " The Island " lying " in Baltimore County near Oldtons Garrison." "The Island," surveyed for Thomas Cromwell, 1702, and later resurveyed into " Darbyshire " lies a short distance south of the Old Court Koad east of Pikesville. In August, 1714, William Summers informs the court that he has seated " one of the outermost plantations of the Garri- son Ridge," and that his rolling road has Ibeen stopped up by William Popejoy. (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Lilber I. S. No. B, f. 537-8.) In August, 1719, John Newman, Richard Jones, Joseph Elledge and Richard Gist complain to the court that, having seated plantations " on the out- ermost parts of the Garrison Ridge and cleared a rowling road to our conviency are now hindered and debarred of the use and privilege of the said road by a certain Joshua Howard and William Popejoy." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber I. S. No. C, 1718, f. 211.)
^In addition to " Darley Hall" he took up "Bold Venture" on Decem- ber 23rd, 1695, " on the north side of the Whetstone Branch." It lies on the Basin near Fells Point. Whetstone Branch, an old name for that branch of Patapsco River on which Baltimore was originally laid out, probably derived its name from Whetstone Neck, the neck which divides it from the Middle Branch. " Bold Venture " was originally laid out for 161 acres. In 1726 it was escheated and resurveyed for Edward Fell under the name of " Fell's Footing," and was found to contain only 4 3/4 acres clear of e'lder surveys.
118 . MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Baltimore City, which in Captain Oldton's time was called " Darley Path." ^i
The earliest authentic reference to the historic " Garrison " — the fort at the head of Slaughterhouse Run — is, I believe,
^ Whatever paths or roads may have existed hefore 1700 on the land on which Baltimore City is now ibuilt, Darley Path and the old Main Road which later became known as the Philadelphia Road, are, so far as I am aware, the only ones of which any record exists, unless the reader is will- ing to accept my theory that the main southern highway of the Seneca Indians passed across what is today the west end of our metropolis. If Darley Path, as originally laid out, led from the Main Road to " Darley Hall," and there stopped, it could scarcely have been more than two miles in length; but there is a possibility that it penetrated much farther into the forest, and that it may even have " tapped " the road which led from the Garrison to Deer Creek.
A tract of 67 acres called " Cole's Addition " surveyed for John Cole May 29th, 1698, is thus described: "Lying on the north side of Patapsco River in the woods, beginning at a bounded white oak a bounded tree of a parcell of land of Mounteneys (i. e., ' Mountenay's Neck,' surveyed for Alexander Mounteney, 1662) and running with the said land west north west 13 perches to a bounded white oak of the said Mounteneys, still con- tinuing the course more west north west 88 perches to a bounded red oake by Darly Path, then north east 146 perches to a line of Coles Choice (sur- veyed for John Cole July 28th, 1694, but never patented; it was taken up again under the name of "Orange") then with Coles Choice down Moun- tenays Glade (i. e., the valley of Mountenay's Run, a stream known later as the Harford Run) south east 40 perches, then south by east 1/2 east- erly 22 perches, then south by east sixty perches to a bounded oake, then south west 12 perches, then with a straiglit line to the beginning."
The situation of " Cole's Addition " is sho«Ti on Scharf's " Map of Origi- nal Tracts within the City of Baltimore," published in his History of Baltimore County. The tract is traversed by Chase Street and by the Bel Air Road, and the intersection of these streets appears to lie within it. Its extreme western boundary is on the Harford Road.
In August, 1750, a Land Comm^ission was held, on behalf of William Hammond, to determine and fix the boimds of "Cole's Addition." (Balti- more County Court Proceedings, Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 4, f. 196 et seq.) A number of depositions were then taken which allude to Darley Path. John Ehsor, Sr., aged fifty-five years, deposed that " a(bout eighteen years ago the aforesaid John Cole (referred to else- where in the same deposition as the deponent's father-in-law) came with him this deponent to the place where he now stands being in the main Rolling road leading from Baltimore Town into Britain ridge forrist (the ridge between Herring Ram and Jones Palls was called Little Britain Ridge or Britain Ridge or Britain Ridge Forest) albout half a mile from
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY "' GAKRISOjST." 119
that which is found in the description of the tract called " Ely 0''Carroll/' which was laid out for Charles Carroll January 13th, 1695/6, which is described as follows: " Lying in Balti- more County on the north side of Potapsco River in the woods upon Jones Falls and on the west side of the said falls, begin- ning at a bounded white oak standing in a deep valley by a small branch near Capt Oulstons Garrison." ^^ This land was
the said Town on or near the top of a rising ground or small hill being about the middle of the said main road and told this deponent that here or herabouts must stand a bounded red oak of William Greens land (i. e., " (Cole's Addition " ) which tree the said Cole said must stand here by a small hollow or pond as also by the said path and this deponent declares that the said Path was always called Darley Path ever since he could rememjber." (iHe was Iborn in Baltimore County circa 1695, son of John Ensor and Jane his wife, lit was his father who bought " Darley Hall " in 1697, and he inherited the tract on his father's death circa 1711.) William Green aged fifty-eight years deposed " that the place where he now stands being in the main Rolling road leading from Baltimore Town into Britain forrist albout half a mile from the said Town on or near the top of a rising ground or small hill being aibout the middle of the said main road the aforesaid John Cole said there should have been a bounded tree of Coles Addition and this deponent further saith that the said Path was formerly called and known by the name of Darley Path ever since he could remember." Thomas Gorsuch aged seventy years deposed " that the place where he now stands being in the main Rolling road leading from Baltimore Town into Britain ridge forrist about half a mile from the said Town on or near the top of a rising ground or small hill being about the middle of the said main road was always taken and said to be called Darley Path going to Darley Hall."
^^ The Garrison is mentioned in the descriptions of several other early surveys of that locality. " Carses Forest " surveyed for Robert Carse August 12th, 1696, is described as being situated " on the north side of Potapsco River up Jones Falls in a forke of the said falls above Capt Oultons Garrison." " Howard's Square " surveyed for Joshua Howard February 1st, 1698, is thus described: "In the woods aibove the head of Potapsco River on the west side of Jones Falls and on the west side of Oldtons Garrison." " Hurd's Camp " surveyed for Andrew Hurd August 16th, 1699, lies " in the woods on the west side of Jones Falls and on the west side of the Garrison." " Pemblicoe " surveyed for John Oldton and Thomas Hedge April 16th, 1699, lies "on the west side of Jones Falls in the woods below the Garrison." " Mount Organ " surveyed for Mathew Organ September 20th, 1704, lies "on the north side of Patapsco River near a place called the Garrison." " Counterscarpe " surveyed for Jose- phus Murray May 10th, 1700, lies " on the north side of Patapsco River .... at a place commonly called the Garrison."
120 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
laid out by Thomas Richardson, and contained one thousand acres.^^ The Garrison was then standing on vacant land; for the land called " Oulton's Garrison " or " Oldton's Garrison " was not taken up by Captain Oldton until four months later. No surveys had apparently yet been made either to the north or west of that place, while to the south the nearest surveyed land was on or near the site of Druid Hill Park.^* To the east and southeast, however, lay, within a comparatively few miles, several large tracts, which had been taken up less than two years before.^^ Still farther east lands had been taken up on both sides of the Great Falls of Gunpowder River as far north as Meredith's Ford, while on the west side of Susquehanna River the surveys extended to within a few miles of Broad Creek. At this time the settlement of the " back country " or " forest " was on the eve of beginning; but there is nothing in the records to show that it actually had begun; and it is highly probable that in the spring of 1696 the "Garrison" stood at least six miles from the nearest English plantations. The country there- abouts was then known as " Garrison Forest," " Rangers' For- est " or " Garrison Ridge." ^^ Of these names only the first has survived to this day.
"^ The situation of this tract is shown on the map which accompanies my article on " The Old Indian Eoad " in the September, 1920, issue of this Magazine.
''^Hab-Nab-at-a-Venture," surveyed 1688, and " Ck)me-by -Chance," sur- veyed 1694, lie on or near the site of Druid Hill Park. Between the Park and Gwinn's Falls lies " Parish's Range," surveyed 1678, which extends as far north as the intersection of the Liberty Road and Garrison Avenue. West of Gwinn's Falls lands had been surveyed as far as the Dead Run.
^ These were: "iSelsed," 900 acres, surveyed July 31st, 1694 — lies on Roland's Run, which derives its name from the patentee, Rowland Thorn- borough ; " Morgan's Delight," 500 acres, surveyed for James Murray Jime 12th, 1694 — as far as I can determine it lies between the Sheppard Asylum and Lake Roland or thereabouts; "Friend's Discovery," 1000 acres, surveyed for Job Evans .Tune 17th, 1694 — lies between Govans- to"wn and Towson on both sides of the York Road; "Hale's Fellowship,'' 200 acres, surveyed for Nicholas Haile or Hale October 19th, 1694 — ^adjoins " Friend's Discovery."
""Turkey Cock Hall" surveyed for Richard Gist April 25th, 1706, lies " on ye north side of Potapsco In Rangers forest on Jones's ffalls, ibeginn-
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISOK:." 121
Were it not for this positive evidence tliat tlie Garrison was built before the spring of 1696, we might be led to believe that this was the actual date when it was erected. The following order of the Council, which was issued on March 3rd, 1695/6, is somewhat difficult to interpret with relation to the Garrison,^'' but its meaning is otherwise clear and it contains information of importance:
" Ordered that the Rangers by Act of Assembly appointed to keep Ranging upon the ffrontiers of this province take care to settle themselves to inhabite (some time this Spring) beyond all the Inhabitants plantations scituate upon the ffrontiers as afore- said, and that they keep an exact Journall of all their proceed- ings & observations made in their Ranging & return an Acco* thereof unto his Excell at the Port of Annapolis, at least once a Month, if opportunity & conveniency of conveying the same offers; And that a new Lieuten* from the Cap* of each party of Rangers be p^sented, who may be proper to assist & Officiate pursuant to the directions of the late Act of Assembly passed to the said Effect, hereby requiring those Rangers (so settling themselves) to eohabite & live upon the settlem*^ afores*^ all Winter and that the Commander of the Rangers upon Potomock do Range to the ffalls of patapsco and those of patapsco to Range to according as the Law directs.
" And further that they observe the Law made about the
ing at a bounded white oak in ye line of a parcell of land called Elio Car- roll"; "Milford Haven" surveyed for Gregory Davis May 12th, 1707, lies "on the north side of Patapsco River and on the north side of West- ern Run (i. e.,of Jones Falls) in Rangers fforest"; "Traymore" surveyed for Pierce Welsh February 26th, 1706/7, lies "on the north side of Potap- sco in Rangers fforest, beginning at a bounded white oak by ye great hill run near ye land called Litterlouna " ; " Street's Adventure " surveyed June 23rd, 1707, lies " on ye north side of Potapsco in ye woods upon ye Garrison Ridge."
"We are still more puzzled when we read how, at a Council held June 1st, 1697, when the subject of Rangers was under discussion, the Governor " proposes whether the house think it convenient that the said Rangers have inforted themselves, who doe say that they doe approve thereof pro- vided that the province be at noe charge therupon." {Md. Archives, xix, 531.) To what new forts does this allude?
2
122 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Rangers, and that they make & marke severall paths & take care to take up all suspicious persons travelling without passes, and that the Eioad which they find to be the best & nighest Road, that they double marke the same That they make Severall Cabins up & down the Woods & Cut down a great many trees therabouts and make as great a show as they can of their being there, and that they Examine what Indians they meet with, and if they find them doing any unlawfull Act, that they secure them and upon resistance that they use force; and if there is absolute Necessity endeavour to kill them, but (if not) to use them civilly & give them all lawfull assistance. If please God any accident should happen to them of meeting with any Ene- my, that they ifnediately send his Ex^^J an Account thereof, and that they send to one another and to the Militia Officers scituate next upon the ffrontiers hereby commanding such Offi- cers to Raise the Militia under their Command, for their Aid & assistance which said Militia Officers are immediately to send to the Colonel of the County to give him an Account thereof, who is thereby Ordered to Raise the whole Militia of his County for their Aid & Assistance." (Md. Archives, xx, 381).
The site of the Garrison is revealed by the description of " Oulton's Garrison," a tract of three hundred and forty acres laid out for Captain John Oldton or Oulton May 13th, 1696.28 This tract is described as follows : " Lying in Baltemore County on the north side of Patapsco River in the woods being pte (part) of the land called Rangers fforest beginning at a bounded red oak standing on the east side of a glade by the Garrison and running thence north 20 degrees westerly 170 perches to a bounded white oak standing upon a point of a hill on the west side of a branch descending into Jones falls, and running from the said white oak west 20 degrees southerly 246 perches to a bounded white oak on the side of a hill and on the east side of a branch, then south 20 degrees easterly 222 perches to a
^ Much of the history of this tract is given in my article on " The Old Indian Road " in the Septemlber, 1920, issue of this Magazvne, and the eituation of the tract is shown on the accompanying map.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAREISON." 123
bounded white oak standing by a glade called the West Glade (i. e. the Western Run of Jones Falls) then each 20 degrees northerly 246 perches, then with a direct line to the beginning." This record fixes the site of the Garrison at a point a short distance north of Slaughterhouse Run and about half a mile east of the present Garrison Road. The exact site could, of course, readily be ascertained by making a survey, and this would help to settle the question whether the stone building known as " Fort Garrison " is by any chance the original fort, or whether this name is merely apocryphal, and the building itself comparatively recent.
It is to be presumed that the Garrison and most of the cleared land ^^ which must have existed beside it was taken up within the survey called " Oulton's Garrison " ; for Captain Oldton could hardly have neglected the opportunity to secure, without cost, improvements which would later enhance the value of his land. The reason why the surveyor began the survey so near to the Garrison was probably because it was desired to have the beginning tree under observation and protection. When, how- ever, in 1752, Richard Croxall had " Oulton's Garrison " re- surveyed, the place of beginning could no longer be found.
Life at the Garrison was uneventful, so far as the records show. A ranger at the Garrison on Potomac River was mur- dered by the Indians, but no such event seems to have enlivened or saddened the boredom of the Baltimore County Rangers'
^ It is to be supposed that some of the land around the Garrison was cleared Iby the Rangers, not only for greater safety, hut " to make as great a show as they can of their being there " ; and we may well imagine that they improved their spare time by cultivating it. At the Potomac River Garrison, as we have elsewhere observed, Indian fields existed all ready for cultivation. In at least one instance the Council ordered the Rangers to make a clearing. In the Fall of 1697 a ranger was murdered by In- dians at the Potomac Garrison, and the frontier inhabitants became muuch alarmed. lAn order was sent out " that the party of Rangrs in Baltemore County (upon this noise of Indians) keep good watch & look well after their horses; and that they keep them together in or near to the ffort and Clear a broad way down to the Spring & keepe Ranging pursuant to the late Ordr sent them." {Md. Archives, xxm, 219-220.)
124 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
existence at the fort. Discipline does not seem to have been very strict, for the men refused to serve under Thomas Roberts, and there was difficulty in keeping them at the Garrison in winter. In December, 1696, Captain Oldton complained " how that three of his men deserted the Garrison & obstinately refuse to remain there all winter nothwithstanding a former order therabout." The grievance of the Rangers was that " their pay had been ordered them inconvenient and out of their county." The Governor promised to see that their grievance was rectified, but ordered " that the said Capt Oldton & his men do notwith- standing Repair to the Garrison and there Remain all Winter pursuant to former Ord'' his Ex^^^y being pleased to say that he will Speak to the Assembly next Sessions in their behalfe . . . and bestow' d upon them ten dollars to drink the Kings Health with at Christmas." (Md. Archives, xx, 564).^^
Two of Captain Oldton's reports of the roads over which he and his men ranged in patroling the wilderness have come down to us. The first of these was submitted to a meeting of the Council held October 10th, 1696, and is as follows:
" An account of the roads that are made back of the inhabi- tants by the Rangers in Baltemore County l^orth East from the Garrison to the first Cabin 15 miles, north east to the second Cabin 15 miles of therabouts; then 10 miles further the same course to another Cabin on the north side of Deer Creek ; like- wise from the Garrison to a Cabin between Judwins Falls (evi- dently meant for Gwinn's Falls) and the main falls of Patapsco a west course 10 miles, then a west course to the main falls of Patapsco 10 miles more, which said road being marked and weekly ranged by me and my Leveten* according to the order of Councill from your Excellency's humble servant to command
(Md. Archives, xx, 523). John Oldton."
The second report was submitted to a meeting of the Council which was held October 9th, 179Y :
"•The Rangers on Potomac were also ordered to remain at their Garri- son all winter and were likewise presented with ten dollars to drink the King's health at Christmas. {Md. Archives, xx, 553.)
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARKISOST." 125
"'Came Cap^ lolin Oldton and Cap* Kichard Brightwell Commando's of the Eangers upon Potomock and Baltemore and presented the two following accounts of their Eanging^^ vizt
" Whereas it has pleased the Govern'" & Councill to demand of us Rangers in Baltemore County to give an account how our Road lyes from our Garrison to Deer Creek & Patapsco, w^^ according to our best knowledge is thus, ffrom our Garri- son to the north side of Dear Creek 40 miles thus to Gunpowder main falls 12 miles, thence to the Little falls eight miles, thence to a branch of Winters Run eight miles, thence to the north side of Dear Creek 12 miles, thence to the neerest Inhabitants sixteen miles.
" ffrom our Garrison to Potapsco 20 miles, thus to Guins falls four miles, thence to a branch of the same falls four miles, thence to Potapsco main falls twelve miles, thence to the Inhabi- tants fourteen miles.
" This is a description of our Road, w^^ we were ordered to make and marke, which we have done.
"^ Captain Brightwell's report is as follows:
" Pursuant to yor Exncys Command for Returning an account of our Ranging; I do humlbly certifye that according to your Exncys late Order for Ranging to the ffrontiers I have kept my men Ranging ever since to the flFrontier Plantations, and up and down the Eastern Branch towards the head of Patuxent to the ffrontiers there, and so back again; ibut have not mett with any Indians in all our Range; nor any thing worth notice- ing, and as to our Ranger before the said Order we kept constantly Rang- ing from our Garrison to the Sugar Lands wch we compute to be about forty miles, being generally Stony Rocky land, near the River, all the way thither, and barrens backwards, but the Sugar Lands extraordinary rich and continue soe for severall miles backwards ffrom the Sugar Lands we range away towards the Eastward to Potapsco, wch we compute to be about fifty miles, and so from thence make strait away to the Garrison, wch we compute to be betwixt Sixty and Seaventy miles, in wch Range is generally good Land; but we have not met nor seen any Indians these twelve months except two back Indians that came to the ffort ; hard before Mr. Stodarts negro boye was murthered, who came Civilly into the ffort & were suffer'd to depart without any disturbance as for making any other discoveries, I know of none to give an acct off; all wch is humbly certified this 12th day of Octobr Ano 1697 by your Exncys obedient & faith- full humble servant
Richard Brightwell "
126 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
" We have Ranged & made discovery of all the Good Lands back of our Road and found a great many Indian Cabins '^ & Tents where we marked Trees and sett up our names, We have
^ It is very diflBcult to form any estimate of the numbers and character of the Indian population of old Baltimore County in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; but it appears to Ibe certain that this county never had, within historic times, the large indigenous Indian populations that Southern Maryland and the southern Eastern Shore had. As far as this author's experience carries, evidences of a small Indian settlement — ^frag- ments of pottery, numerous arrowheads, hammer- stones, chips and spalls, with an occasional axe or celt, all associated together — ^may he found in Baltimore and Harford Counties in every hundred and fifty acres, while the observant eye may discover traces of the Indian almost everywhere, except in places where the original surface of the ground has been removed or covered. On the Chesapeake and its estuaries extensive shell-heaps occur between Homney 'Creek and Patapsco River. (There is one at the mouth of Romney, Ibut between Romney iCreek and iSwan Creek I have never found any worth mentioning, including iSpesutia Island.) The vast majority of these Indian remains must date from earlier centuries than the seventeenth.
iln the Baltimore County Court Proceedings we find occasional refer- ences to Indians who seem to be, not mere mara\iders or wandering hunt- ers, but residents of the county. In the old county levies for the years between 1683 and 1706 inclusive are frequently entered allowances of tobacco to the credit of different settlers for wolves' heads many of which are described as " of Indian killing."
The following allusions to Indian oaJbins, which the author has collected from various records, may be found interesting and not without some historical value, although not to be taken as having any bearing on the archaeology of Baltimore County:
First of all I will refer the reader to a note in my article on " The Old Indian Road," which will be found on page US' of the June, 1&20, number of this Magazine. The deposition there quoted seems to show that, how- ever light in construction and hastily put together an Indian caibin might be, traces of it might still endure for years.
In the month of February, 1687/8, three settlers on Middle River — Francis Freeman, Richard Enock and the latter's wife — ^were assaulted by two Indians supposed to be Nanticokes. Enoek was killed and the other two badly wounded. Colonel George Wells, the chief military officer of Baltimore County, in a letter to Colonel Darnall describing the affair, says that " Mr. Francis Watkins hearing thereof went with four of their family to the Indian Calbbin that the Indians belonged to and demanded the Murtherers but that the Indians kept him off with their guns pre- sented upon which he raised a file or more of men & went again but the Indians were all gone before he came." {Md. Archives, vni, 5.)
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 127
observed to see the outside Plantations since so Ordered." ^^ (Md. Archives, xxiii, 260-261).
A comparison of the two foregoing reports reveals the fact that, while each furnishes information which the other does not
It is possible that this " calbin " was the place for which a branch of Deep Creek, Back River, was named. A resurvey called " Hopewill " laid out for James Crook March 5th, 1705/6, and patented to Francis Watkins, is descrilbed as lying " on the north side of Baok River near the head of a branch of the said river called Deep Creek, beginning at a bounded white oak standing (by a branch of the said creek called the Indian Fort Branch near the main road going down Back River Neck in Baltemore County." This land lies across Back River Neok between Deep Creek of Back River and Hopewell (Creek of Middle River. Just above its mouth Deep Creek divides into two creeks, Deep Creek (east) and Duck Creek ( west ) . iSome distance farther up Deep Creek another division occurs. The Indian Fort Branch is the southernmost branch.
In the will of Captain George Gouldsmith of Baltimore County, dated April 6th, 1666, the testator leaves to his son George his dwelling plan- tation (i. e., " Gouldsmith's Rest," surveyed 1658, which lies at the north end of iSpesutia Narrows opposite the north-east end of Spesutia Island) at 16 years of age, with the provision, however, "that so long as my wife enjoyeth and choseth upon this my plantation that there may be noe part of ye land cleared or meddled with on ye other side being ye northern side of a branch (evidently Dipper or Goose Creek) goeing towards a peece of land called ye Indian Quarter."
A tract of land called " Sheppards Adventure " surveyed for Rowland Shepperd, January 23rd, 1721-2, is described as follows: "lying on ye west side of Rumley (now Romney) Creek, beginning at a bounded Span- ish oak, a bounded white oak and a bounded water oak on a point of a neck called the Indian Cabbin Neok." This neck lies about a mile and a half above the mouth of Romney Creek.
The manor of Doughoregan, surveyed for Charles Carroll, Esq., May 2nd, 1707, is thus described: "Lying on the Middle River of Patuxent, beginning at two bounded oaks standing by a blinde path leading from Thomas Brownes plantation to some Indian Cabbins near the aforesaid Middle River which path is marked all the way from the said plantation to the said oaks." The original survey of Doughoregan, August 30th, 1700, contained three thousand acres less than the second. Mention is made in it of the " blind path," but not of the Indian cabins. Whether this was an Indian path or a settler's road is uncertain. However, on the 9th of March, 1703, Lord Baltimore issued instructions to the Land Office that the manor was for the time being to be free of rent, " being informed by iMr. Charles Carroll that he has taken up 10,000 acres (i. e., "Dough- oregan" and adjacent tracts) of land in Baltimore County upon some
128 MAEYLAIS^D HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
contain, neither one contradicts the other in any way. Both agree in giving the distance from the Garrison to the north side of Deer Creek as forty miles hy the Garrison road, and the distance from the Garrison to the Main falls of Patapsco River
of the Branches of Patuxent River which is remote and not likely to be seated in some time." (Patents, Liber D. D. No. 5, f. 711.)
" Calarney " surveyed for Mathew Organ September 26th, 1721, lies on the west side of the -Middle Branch of Patapsco River, " beginning at two bounded white oaks and a bounded red oak standing near the head of a branch called the Indian Cabin Cove." I cannot exactly locate this tract.
Before a land commission held to determine the bounds of a tract called " Everly Hills " one Edward Saunders aged sixty-three years being a quaker, affirmed on February 22nd, 1766, that " John Nelson about twenty- eight years ago told this deponent at several times that Daniel Scott the younger or William Butteram bounded a tree on Pogans Branch near the Injians Cabins and was threatened to be whipped." (Baltimore County Land Records, Deeds, Liber B. No. P, f. 174-180.) " Everly Hills " lies on the road between Bel Air and Abingdon, near the former place. Mr. Somerville, Surveyor for Harford County, informs me that Pogans Branch must be the first branch descending into the west side of Bynam's Run below Bel Air. Other depositions taken before the same land com- mission mention Bynam's Run and the mouth of Pogan's Run. It is possible that " Pogan " was an Indian.
In the year 1716 Charles Simmons and James Preston were appointed commissioners to examine evidences touching the bounds of a tract called " Beall's Camp " or Beale's Camp " " which are gone to decay and de- feated (sic) p (per) the Heathen." This tract, which contained 1,000 acres, was surveyed for Major Ninian Beall in 1683, and lies on the east side of Winter's Run adjacent to and north of the Bel Air Road (now Lincoln Highway). ISymon Pearson, aged sixty-six years, testified before this commission " that he did know the . . . dead white oak . . . to be as faire a bounded tree as ever he did see stand in the woods and was then a green and growing tree 17 or 18 years agoe and seemingly an ancient bounded tree and hath been heretofore deputed for the begin- ning tree of the aforesaid Bealls Camp and further saith that he did. know two Indians that came to his house and did tell him that (sic) the said Symon Pearson to come to their cabbins and fetch some meat and when he came the Indians were gone from their cabbins and had cutt and destroyed the bounds of the aforesaid dead white oak which was then a green and growing tree." (Chancery Proceedings, Liber P. L., 1712-1724, f. 326-327.)
A small tract of land called " Price's Good Will " surveyed for Stephen Price September 29th, 1760, is described as lying in Lord Baltimore's
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEEISON." 129
as twenty miles by the road. If we accept the fact that the two reports do not contradict each one another, then we are at liberty, by putting them together, to deduce the following facts : (1) that the first outpost or "cabin" on the Garrison road to Deer Creek stood between the Great and the Little Falls of Gunpowder River, in what was called the Fork of Gunpowder,
Keserve, " beginning at a bounded hickory tree standing by the Indian Old Fields." (Unpatented Certificate 1309, Baltimore County.) This land was later (1774) resurveyed into a slightly larger tract called "Price's Chance," in the description of which the Indian Old Fields are again men- tioned. The last named tract was resurveyed in 1795 into a tract of 104% acres called " Long Look." The resurvey lies on Oregon Run (formerly Shewan Cabin Branch), and adjoins " Gerar," the well known estate of the late Gittings Merryman.
" Richardson's Outlet," surveyed for Thomas Richardson February 18th, 1750, lies in the Reserve and beings " at two bounded white oaks standing near a branch which descends into the north side of Deer Creek the said boiinded white oaks stand on the east side of the said branch about forty perches below the mouth of Indian Wills Cab- bin Branch." (Unpatented Certificate 1380, Baltimore County.) "Hills of Poverty," laid out for Abraham Jarrett February 15th, 1771, begins " at a bounded red oak standing on the east of Indian Wills Cabbin Branch." I have found among the notes of the late Dr. George Archer of Harford County notice of a law suit which was tried in 1799 and involved the bounds of " Richardson's Outlet." Depositions in the case refer to Indian Will's Cabin Branch, and Hyram Dickinson proves the exact spot where " Indian Will's " cabin stood.
*' McPike's Reserve " surveyed for John McPike July 15th, 1752, lies in the Reserve " on the south side of Deer Creek, beginning at a bounded white oak standing in a fork of the Indian Cabbin Branch on the north side of the Little Creek (i. e.. Little Deer Creek)." (Proprietary Leases, Liber G. G. B. No. B., f. 83.)
^ This probably refers to an order of the Council issued August 20th, 1697, as follows:
" Upon Representation and Advice this day Reed concerning some Insolencies lately committed by Indians among the ffrontier Plantations in Baltemore County; Ordered that the Rangers (upon sight thereof) keep constantly Ranging betwixt their flfort and the said ffrontier Plan- tations untill further Ordr and that they call in at the said Plantacons and Inform themselves how matters are and that if they meet any Indians comitting any insolencies Violencies or other unlawful act that they flForthwith seize and Apprehend and under safe and secure Conduct send them down to the Port of Annapolis unto his Exncy the Grovr." (Md. Archives, xxm, 201.)
130 MARYLAND HISTORICAL, MAGAZINE.
and was distant three miles from the Great Falls and five miles from the Little Falls by the road; (2) that the second outpost stood ten miles beyond the Little Falls and mid-way between the Little Falls and the third outpost, and that it was two miles beyond the intersection of the Garrison road with a branch of Winter's Eun; (3) that the outpost between the Garrison and Patapsco Falls was mid-way on the Garrison road to Patapsco Falls and two miles by road west of the intersection of the Garrison road with one of the western branches of Gwinn's Falls, or six miles west of Gwinn's Falls.
With these facts in mind, let us now see what evidences may exist by which the probable routes of these garrison roads may be determined, and by which the general, if not the exact, loca- tion of the several outposts which were situated upon them, may be ascertained; and let us first turn our attention to the road which went from the Garrison to the cabin on the north side of Deer Creek.
In the upper part of Harford County, between Deer Creek and Broad Creek, and in the neighborhood of Dublin, are the sources of a large stream which is known today as Green Coat Branch, and which in records of the early eighteenth cen- tury is called by the singular and highly suggestive name of Green Coat Cabin Branch.^* The mouth of this branch, which
^ " Meadow Land " surveyed for Stephen Onion Novemiber 10th, 1730, is described as follows : " beginning at a single rock stone on the west side of a small (branch called Green iCoat Calbin Branch and is aJbout five perches from the said branch where it falls into Broad Creek." "Cleehill," surveyed for Stephen Onion November 10th, 1730, lies "about three miles from Susquehanna GRiver and about a mile from the south side of Broad Creek, beginning at Michael French's spring which runs into 'Green 'Coat Cabin Branch and is albout eighty perches to the east of it." " Ashmore's Retirement " surveyed for Walter Ashmore Dec ember 30th, 1743, begins: "at two bounded white oaks standing near a branch called Greencoats Branch." " Fisher's Delight " surveyed for William Fisher February 8th, 1759, is described as follows: "lying in Baltimore County on the north side of Deer Creek between a tract of land called Arabia Petrea and a tract of land called Giles and Webster's Discovery, beginning at a bounded white oak standing on a ridge between two branches of a run called Green Coat Run."
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARKISON." 131
descends into the south side of Broad Creek, is a little more than two and a half miles from Susquehanna River. The name of the branch can be traced back to the year 1730, but appar- ently no farther; yet it seems highly probable that it is con- siderably older. Between Dublin and Broad Creek, and on Green Coat Cabin Branch, is a hill which bears the name of Green Coat Hill. This hill is not mentioned by name in any old records, so far as my experience goes ; but it is still possible that the name is contemporary with that of the stream.
It was the theory of the late Dr. George Archer of Harford County, as the author has learned from a study of his notes, that somewhere on Green Coat Cabin Branch stood the last " cabin " on the " garrison road " to Deer Creek — the " cabin on the north side of Deer Creek " of Captain John Oldton's report ; and he believed that it was from this " cabin " that the stream derived its peculiar name. Dr. Archer was acquainted with the order of the Council of the year 1692, which has been quoted elsewhere in this article, which provided that the fort to be erected in Baltimore County was to have attached to it a " cabin " garrisoned by four Indians whose business it should be to hunt and to furnish the rangers with game. Dr. Archer was doubtless well aware that this order of the Council appar- ently applied only to the main fort or " garrison," and that we do not know positively where this fort was built, if it was not identical with " The Garrison," and are hardly in a position to assume that it stood on Green Coat Cabin Branch. Even then, however, there appears to be considerable justification for Dr. Archer's theory. Dr. Archer believed that " green coat ** meant a matchcoat — one of those bright-colored garments which were a source of so much joy to the Indian and of profit to the trader ; and he recalled the fact that the Indians who were to be attached to the fort built in Baltimore County in 1692 were to be paid in matchcoats. There seems to be nothing in the theory that the farthest outpost on the north-eastern garrison road stood on Green Coat Cabin Branch which would be at variance with the known facts, and there is in it much that is
132 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
satisfying. It is to be supposed tliat the rangers had their 0A;vn special names for each of the outpost " cabins," and " Green Coat Cabin " may have been the name of this one. The fact that the colors of the Baltimore County militia were, at this period, green, may have nothing to do with the case, but ought at least to be worth noting.^^
The second cabin or outpost on the road between the Garrison and Deer Creek was, according to Captain Oldton's reports, ten miles by road south-west from the last cabin. It was ten miles by road north-east of the Little Falls of Gunpowder River, and two miles by the road north-east of a branch of Winters Run. It evidently stood somewhere between Winters Run and Deer Creek.
About three miles north-west of Bel Air lie the head springs of a branch which, from time immemorial, has borne the name of the Bear Cabin Branch. The late Dr. Archer was impressed by the fact that this is the only known branch of Winters Run in the name of which the word " cabin " is found, and he thought it probable that the second cabin or outpost stood some- where within the valley of this stream. The antiquity of the name of Bear Cabin Branch is proved beyond all doubt,^® and
*By order of a Council held October 11th, 1694, the colors for horse, foot and dragoons in Baltimore County were to be green. (Md. Archives, XX, p. 154.)
* " Ewings' Luck," 600 acres, surveyed for John Ewings October 24th, 1704, is thus described: "Lying in Baltimore County at the head of Bush River in the woods on the north side of Winters Run opposite to Cecills Adventure (i. e., a tract surveyed the same day for one Joshua Cecil) near a piece of low springy ground by ye mouth of a branch called Bear Cabbin Branch descending into Winters Run." This is the earliest occurrence of the name I have found in the records. On August 10th, 1738, before a land commission held on behalf of Lemuel Howard to determine the bounds of " Andrews Lott," Simon Pearson, aged seventy-eight years, deposed " that about seven or eight and forty years ago a certain Thomas Jones told him that the beginning tree of Andrews Lott stood above the mouth of a great branch that now is called Bear Cabbin Branch and near the main branch of Bush River (i. e.. Winters Run)." (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 4, f. 35 et seq.) The foregoing records indicate that dt)out
THE BALTIMOKE COUNTY " GARRISON." 133
it may well be that Dr. Archer's theory is correct. The second cabin did indeed lie two miles beyond where the road inter- sected a branch of Winters Run. If this branch is the next branch to the westward of Bear Cabin Branch, then the cabin probably stood within the watershed of the latter. If Bear Cabin Branch itself was meant, then it is possible that the road first intersected the branch near its mouth, and followed up the valley for two miles to the second cabin. If the explana- tion of the name of Green Coat Cabin Branch is true, we might be led to suppose that the rangers had a name for the second cabin, and that they called it " The Bear Cabin " ; but this is only a conjecture.
The foregoing theories with regard to the situation of the two cabins have, if placed together, this at least to recommend them, that they are not in conflict with the facts. If the rang- ers' road between the Garrison and the north side of Deer Creek passed across Bear Cabin Branch and into the valley of Green Coat Cabin Branch, Captain Oldton's description of it, his estimate of distances and directions, is substantially correct, if we allow for the probable winding and devious nature of the road in certain places and the exaggeration of distances which travel in the forest is apt to beget.
The first cabin or outpost on Captain Oldton's road to Deer
1690 or 1691 the English had no name for Bear Cabin Branch, and that the branch received its present name between those dates and 1704, which helps to strengthen the theory that the name was taken from one of the cabins on the " garrison road " to Deer Creek, The name is cer- tainly a singular one, hard to explain, and any attempt to explain it will certainly sound far-fetched. If the " cabin " was indeed one of the rangers' outposts, and was garrisoned by Indians, it is just possible that these Indians had the totem of a bear, and decorated the cabin with the head or with some representation of a bear. If this theory is incorrect, it it almost safe to suppose that the cabin was an Indian cabin, and it may still have been adorned in this way; or a she-bear might have made her liome in it and had a litter of cubs there. It is worthy of note that we find, miles to the eastward of Bear Cabin Branch, on the east side of the Great Falls of Gunpowder River, a stream called in the old records the Cub Cabin Branch. IWe will later have occasion to consider the origin of this name.
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Creek was undoubtedly situated in the Fork of Gunpowder Eiver between tbe two " falls," but nearer the Great Falls than to the Little Falls, at least by the road. All evidences which would determine its exact or even general location has apparently per- ished; yet it seems very probable that it stood somewhere in what is now the Tenth District of Baltimore County, or pos- sibly in the upper part of the Eleventh District.
Any attempt to identify any part of the ranger's road from the Garrison to the north side of Deer Creek with roads still in existence or in use today would probably be futile. The ford by which the road crossed the Great Falls of Gunpowder River is not known. It may have been Meredith's Ford,^'^ unless
^'' Authentic references to Meredith's Ford are of rather late date. In the Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser for Fdbruary 8th, 1785, George Fitzhugh, ancestor of the Fitzhughs of Dulany's Valley, offers a reward for the return of a run-away slave, and describes himself as residing " in the Fork of Gunpowder near Meredith's Ford." In a deed dated October r8th, 1808, James Carroll and John Scott, trustees for the estate of Captain Charles Ridgely, conveyed to William Goodwin and James Gittings, Jr., part of " Dulany's Park Resurveyed," " lying on the south side of the Great Falls of Gunpowder River, beginning at a bounded white oak standing on the north side of the main road leading to Meredith's Ford." Among the papers relating to the division of the real estate of General Charles Ridgely of Hampton (Baltimore County Land Records, Liber W. G. No. 191, f. 196 et seq.) dated November 24th, 1831, several references will be found to " the Old York Road " where it crosses Gun- powder Falls " at the place known as Meredith's Ford where there is now a bridge."
It is almost safe to assume that Meredith's Ford was known long before 1785. I think that the following orders about roads, which I have taken from the Baltimore County Court Proceedings, undoubtedly allude to Meredith's Ford. I have not been able, however, to ascertain what land Samuel Meredith lived on, for whom the ford appears to have been named:
"Benjamin Kidd Wilson is appointed overseer (of the roads) from Boyce's (Roger Boyce — at or near the intersection of the Old York Road and the Old Manor Road from Cromwell's Bridge, that is, near Slade's Tavern) to Isaac Risteaii's Mill (probably near Loch Raven) and from said Boyces by Richard Wilmotts to Samuel Merediths and from thence by Thomas Gittings and John Chamlberlains (in the Long Green Valley) untill it intersects the road from Thomas Johnsons (near Fork) by Walter Tolleys quarter (on Haystack Branch, south-east of Long Green)
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 135
indeed there were other good fords on the Falls above Mere- dith's Ford within a distance of two or three miles. If we knew the place where the road forded the Grreat Falls we might be in a position to determine the approximate course of the road between the Garrison and the Falls. If the reader is un- willing to accept the names of Green Coat Cabin Branch and of Bear Cabin Branch as evidence, we must depend on Captain Oldton's report, and on certain other early records, the value of which is not above being questioned.^ ^
as it was laid out by the said Tolley and Nicholas Ruxton Gay and from Boyces to the Great Falls where Stansburys old mill was (at Cromwell's Bridge — this means the Old Manor Eoad)." (Liber B. B. No. A, f. 443 et seq., November Court, 1754.)
"Thomas iStansbury, Jr., continued (overseer) from the Great Falls by Samuel Merediths toward Baltimore Town until it intersects the Court Road, from Richard Chincoths toward Baltimore Town untill it inter- sects the Court Road" (same reference as the foregoing). "The court appoints William Tapnal overseer of the Road from Roger Boyces to Isaac Risteau's Mill and from said Boyces to Richard Wilmotts to the Falls by Samuel Merediths and from thence by Thomas Gittings and John Chamberlains untill it intersects the road from Thomas Johnsons by Walter Tolleys quarter as it was laid out by said Tolley and Nicholas Ruxton Gay and from the said Boyces to the Great Falls where Stans- burys old mill was" (Liber B. B. No. C, November Court, 1756). The difference between this record and the one previously quoted is chiefly that, instead of the phrase " to Samuel Merediths " we have " to the Falls by Samuel Merediths." Exactly the same order and description of roads will be found in " Sessions," March Court, 1757, f. 81-88) . " Thomas Mash " — evidently Thomas Marsh — ^was then appointed the overseer of these roads.
It is evident that the above records have reference to one continuous road which led from Roger Boyce's (Slade's Tavern) down across the Great Falls by Samuel Meredith's to the Court Road. I feel almost certain that this was the Old York Road or Dulany's Valley Turnpike, between Slade's Tavern and Towson, and that Samuel Meredith gave his name to Meredith's Ford.
^ I find, however, in an old deposition information which may solve the question of the course taken by the Garrison Road to Deer Creek, on leav- ing the Garrison. This deposition was taken May 30th, 1754, before a land commission held on behalf of William Gockey to determine the bounds of " Gookey's Trust," " Gockey's Folley," " Helmore " and " Helmore's Addition." Edward Tulley, aged sixty-six years or thereabouts, " being at the ibeginning tree of CoCkey's Trust and the second bounded tree of
136 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The discovery that a brancli of the Great Falls of Gunpowder once bore the name of the First Cabin Branch might lead us to the conclusion that we had found the locality at least in which stood the " first cabin " on Captain Oldton's road to Deer
Cellsed and the beginning tree of iCarses Forest " deposed " that he this deponent was in company with Fearce Welch upwards of forty years agoe, going towards ye house of John Cockeys then heing in a Road that led from Oultons Garrison to the said John Cocikeys, then he this Deponent asked the said Welch whose land they then were on: the said Welsh told him this deponent it belonged to Carroll some time after-
wards this deponent asked the said AVelsh who them high Hills belonged to; the said Welsh told this Dep. that them hills they were on & coming down belonged to Carse land and this deponent further saith he asked the said Welsh what was the Reason that Carses land lay among them high hills and the said Welsh told him this deponent it was occasioned to lye there because of Cockeys' land " (Baltimore County Court Proceed- ings, Land Commissions, Liber H. W. iS. No. 4, f. 249 et seq.) The com- missioners found : " The beginning tree of Cockeys Trust is a white oak tree standing on the north side of Jones Falls about three perches from the said Falls and the 2nd bounded tree of Cockeys Trust is a maple tree standing near a large Run called Deep run." A large plat of " Cockey's Trust " and surrounding tracts, made in connection with the suits of Johnson versus Bosley and Johnson versus Kramer, will be found in the Maryland Land Record GfBce. The date of this plat is the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century. The beginning of " Cockey's Trust " and of " Carse's Forest " lies on Jones Falls a short distance north-east of Brook- landville Station. " Cockey's Trust " lies across the Green Spring Valley, extending from Brooklandville and from Deep Run to Green Spring Avenue or thereabouts, as near as I can determine. " Carse's Forest " lies between " Cockey's Trust " and " Ely O'Carroll," on Jones Falls. Much of it prob- ably taken away by "Cockey's Trust"; both tracts were surveyed in 1696, but the latter is the elder survey, which accounts for the last part of Edward Tulley's deposition.
This deposition undoubtedly describes a very early road leading from the Garrison in a north-easterly direction over the hills and down across Jones Falls to the level land of the Green Spring Valley. The time to which it refers, " upwards of forty years ago " in May, 1754, cannot be later than 1713, if the memory of the deponent was correct; and it may have been several years earlier. There is no doubt that by his reference to Carroll's land Pierce Welsh meant " Ely O'Carroll," and that when he referred to Carse's land he meant "Carse's Forest." John Cockey's plan- tation most probaJbly stood on "'Cockey's Trust." When Edward Tulley asked Pierce Welsh why Carse's land lay among the " hills they were on & then coming down," he must have been looking down on the Green
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 137
Creek, but the earliest occurrence of the name is prior to that order of the Council which directed Captain Oldton to build cabins at intervals on his roads, and the valley of the stream lies on the west side of the Great Falls, while we know that
Spring Valley from the heights somewhere between Green Spring Avenue and the Falls Road, wondering why Carse had taken up his lands among the rough hills, instead of in the rich level valley which lay before him. And in all probaibility he was riding over the same road which Captain John Oldton and his rangers had travelled not more than fifteen years before, when all that country was a wilderness.
The following records may throw some light on the question of the ford or fords at which the Garrison Road crossed Deer Creek, and on the course of the road sixteen miles in length which ran from the cabin on the north side of Deer Creek to the nearest settlements : " Thomas Litton is ap- pointed overseer of the roads from Johnsons Ford where Deer Creek road formerly came in to John Websters Rolling road from Coll Hollands Ford to Esq. Halls Rolling house and from Thomas Cullings to Susquehannah Upper Ferry" (June Court, 1730, Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber I. W. S. No. 6, 1728-il730, f. 416) I think that "Deer Creek road" may allude to the Garrison Road, either to the road from the Garrison to Deer Creek or else to the road from the last cabin down across Deer Creek to the settlements. At this time, of course, the settlements had long since passed across Deer Creek; but the record is none the less early. This is the first direct allusion I find to Johnson's Ford, which was on Deer Creek at the mouth of Thomas's Run, and is identical with the famous Priest's Ford; but in March, 1729/30, Samuel Durbin was appointed overseer of the roads " from Thomas Johnsons down to the main road that goes to Coll Hollands Quarter from thence to the Rolling house" (ibid., f. 363), which probably meant a road going to Johnson's Ford. In or about the year 1746 a writ of ad quod damnum was issued on part of a tract of land called " Rich Point " for the purpose of erecting a forge mill. The land taken up under this writ is described as situated opposite the mouth of Thomas's Run at Johnson's Ford. (Chancery Record, Liber I. R. No. 4, f. 97.) This was the Lancaster Forge, which Preston in his History of Harford County says was located near Priest's Ford. But a map of Harford County, dated 1872 and now in the State Library, shows Priest's Ford about a quarter of a mile below Thomas's Run. However, I think the fords are identical. Colonel Holland's Ford was almost certainly a ford on Deer Creek not far above the mouth of Graveyard Branch, on a tract of 1000 acres which Colonel William Holland bought of Enoch Spinkes in 1709. This tract lies on both sides of Deer Creek just above the mouth of Graveyard Branch, and was called " Batchellor's Good Luck." I think this was the ford called Farmer's Ford in later records, which evidently derived its name from a family named Farmer which owned land in that neighborhood. John Hall, Esq.,'8 rolling-hovise was probaibly at
3
138 MABYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Captain's Oldton's " first cabin " stood between the Great Falls and the Little Falls. Moreover, any road whicli connected the Garrison with, a cabin situated on the First Cabin Branch could not by any stretch of imagination be said to run in a north- easterly direction.
the head of Bush River. Susquehanna Upper Ferry was at the mouth of Rock Run.
The description of a tract called " Aquilla's Inheritance " surveyed for John Hall, Esq., Decemlber 19th, 1699, for 732 acres, contains an import- ant mention of a road. It is as follows: " lying in Baltimore County on the south side of Susquehanna River, beginning at a bounded poplar standing in the Fork of a branch of Deer Creek respecting a parcell of land of George Abbotts (i. e., probaJbly "Abbott's Forest," surveyed 1684), thence north 28 degrees easterly 116 perches to a bounded poplar, thence west 64 perches to another bounded poplar, thence north east 80 perches to a bounded red oak, thence north 20 degrees westerly 118 perches to a bounded white oak standing in a thickett,, thence north 60 perches to a bounded chesnut upon a ridge, thence north 80 degrees westerly to a bounded red oak upon a ridge standing to the westward of the road to Dear Creek." " United Addition " surveyed for John Hall, Esq., Septem- ber 3rd, 1704, is thus described: "lying in the woods on the south side of Deer Creek beginning at a bounded red oak of Aquillas Inheritance on the west side of a road." This survey bounds on " Hall's Rich Neck."
There is certainly a strong prdbability that the " road to Deer Creek " mentioned in the description of " Aquilla's Inheritance " was no other than the road described by Captain John Oldton only three years before as the road which went ?rom the cabin on the north side of Deer Creek to the nearest inhabitants, I cannot, however, locate " Aquilla's Inheritance " with sufficient accuracy to place this road. The tract lies not far South- west of the headwaters of Graveyard Branch. It is bounded by " West- wood " which was laid out for Robert West November 17th, 1705, on the Graveyard Branch — ^the earliest occurrence of the name of that stream. It bounds on " United Addition " which in turn bounds of " Hall's Rich Neck " which lies on the south side of Deer Creek about a mile and a quarter west of Graveyard Branch. " Abbott's Forest " lies on James' Run. " Aquilla's Inheritance " probably lies a mile or so north-east of Churchville.
A plat of " Aquilla's Inheritance " as surveyed by C. F. Haudecour, the French engineer, in March 1801, will be found among the papers of the late Dr. George Archer in a folder marked "Surveys and Plats of Tracts from the EflFects of the late Henry W. Archer of Robert, Surveyor for Harford County." According to this plat " Aquilla's Inheritance ' lies on the old Bel Air and Havre de Grace Road east of Churchville and at the head of a branch of Deer Creek called in old records the S'pring Run, but now called Mill Run. The place where the original boundary " by tha
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 139
There appear to be two possible explanations of the name of First Cabin Branch. One explanation is that it was named to distinguish it from another " cabin branch " situated higher
road to Deer Creek " stood cannot be definitely determined from this map. It was probably somewhere north-east of Churchville, and not more than two miles from that place.
It must he remembered that we have not sufficient evidence to deter- mine whether Captain Oldton's road from Deer Creek to the settlements left the G-arrison-Deer Creek Road south of Deer Creek or north of that stream. If the roads forked north of Deer Creek, then the rangers must have forded the creek in two places.
A " horse road " is mentioned in the two following surveys, w'hich may have been an early road running up through the forest from the settle- ments to Deer Creek.
An unpatented tract, " Lovely Hill," surveyed for Robert Love, June 18th, 1695, lies " above the head of Bush River, beginning at a bounded read oak on a hiU and on the east side of the Horse road." (This survey not found at Annapolis — I copied it from a book of surveys which once belonged to Barrister Carroll, and is dated 1766).
" Forest of Bucks," surveyed for Robert Love August 25th, 1699, is thus described: "lying above the head of Bush River in the woods on the north east end of a ridge called Chestnut Ridge, beginning at a bounded red oak by a horse road and running thence west by south 120 perches to a red oak of John Chapman's (i. e., probably "Chapman's Fellowship ") land on a hill on the west side of James Run." I cannot locate this tract, but believe that it must lie not far from the source of James Run (i. e., near Churchville). I have a map of tracts extending from the mouth far up James Run, and this does not include " Forest of Buck's." This " horse road " may be the same road as that mentioned in the survey of " Aquilla's Inheritance."
The settlement of the region lying between tidewater and Deer Creek, the Little Falls of Gunpowder River and Susquehanna River, began, as did that of the country to the southward, about the year 1699, and was probably well under way in four or five years. Roads which are des- cribed as running through this region in records of or earlier than 1699 were in all likelihood military roads, if they were not Indian. In these records the reader will, I think, look in vain for any certain evidence of the existence of English plantations up in the " forest," as the " back " country was called. On the contrary, we have the evidence of Captain Oldton's report of 1697, which tells us that the distance by road from the cabin on the north side of Deer iCreek to the nearest inhabitants was sixteen miles.
The earliest record I have found of a plantation made in the forest far above tidewater, within what is now Harford County, is found in the proceedings of a land commission which was held on August 5th,
140 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
up the Falls.^^ This may seem to be the most plausible; but there is a distinct possibility that the name furnishes us with a clue to the situation of a " first cabin " or outpost on a mili- tary road of earlier date than Captain Oldton's road to Deer
1704, to determine the bounds of a tract called " Poplar Neck." This tract, surveyed for Mark Richardson in 1683, lies on the east side of Winters Run adjacent to the Bel Air Road. John Gudgeon, aged 30 years, deposed that " being out a hunting about five years agoe ... he saw where a timber tree had been fallen . . . and the frames of a small rafter house had been built all which showed old John Fuller who made answer that he believed it was built by order of Mark Richardson." (Baltimore County Land Records, Liber H. W. No. 2, f. 367.) In a list of tasables for the North Side Gunpowder Hundred for the year 1700 we find several men — probably servants — listed as living "At Mr. John Hall's Quarter " and several others " At Mr. Scott's Quarter." These " quarters " were undoubtedly in the forest. They are not men- tioned in the list of 1699. In the description of a tract called " Freedom " laid out for Thomas Bale in 1705 adjoining lands already in the said Bale's possession on Plum Tree Rvin mention is made of Bale's " planta- tion." This was somewhere near Emmorton. In the year 1734 Thomas Bond, aged 55 years, testified concerning the bounds of " Gresham's College," that " about thirty years agoe this affirmant having lately settled the plantation whereon he then lived and still dwells was informed that it laid within the bounds of a tract of land called Gibsons Park. In order thereof to be satisfied a certain Captain Thomas Preston with his son Thomas went together that the said Captain Thomas Preston might shew this affirmant the bounded tree of the said Park, etc., etc." (Land Commissions, Liber H. W. iS. No. 2, f. 210.) "Gibson's Park" lies at Bell's Mill on the east side of Winters Run. In January, 1707, one John Burbram and wife contracted with Colonel James Maxwell " to dwell and reside upon a plantation in the Forrest to the said James Maxwell belonging called Majors Choice " for four years and to pay rent for the privilege. (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber I. S. No. B., 1708-1705, March Court, 1711, James Maxwell versus John Bur- bram.) This tract lies on Bynams Run very near Bel Air. This was one of the earliest plantations in the forest. On December 3rd, 1728, Symon Pearson deposed before a land commission held to determine the bounds of " Broomes Bloom," " that about twenty-seven years since he was in company with a certain Robert Love goeing home from Collonell Maxwells plantation in the land of Nodd ( " The Land of Nodd " was a name for the country bewteen Bynams Run and Winters Run, also called "Nodd Forest") to his own plantation in Gunpowder Neck being benighted lay in the woods near to the land called Segley (i. e. "iSedg- ley") by a run called Broad Run." (Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 2, f. 62.) On May 12th,1730, before a land commission held to deter-
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 141
Creek. This road, if it existed, might have been built when Thomas Richardson was Chief Ranger, or it might have been older still. Possibly it was the road known as Thurston's Road,
mine the bounds of "Christopher's Camp," John Webster, aged sixty- four years, declared " that soon after this deponent settled the plantation whereon he now lives which to the best of his knowledge is about twenty- four years agoe a certain Kobert Love came to this deponent's house and told this deponent that he had been employed by the Brooks to find out a piece of land called My Lords Gift and that he had run two lines of a piece of land called iSedgly, etc., etc." Antell Deaver, aged forty years, testified before the same commission " that about twenty-three years agoe this deponent lived with John Webster as an apprentice and that about that time he saw a bounded chestnut standing near an old Indian grave . , . and that Thomas Litton then a youth and fellow pren- tice told him it was the bounded tree of Christophers Camp and Sedgley." (Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 2, f. 89.) The land on which John Webster settled about 1706 was probably " Webster's Forest " which lies between Fountain Green and Creswell. In November, 1711, John Gallion was appointed overseer of the road " that leads from the Rolling- house of John Hall Esq to his Upper Quarter." (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber I. S. No. B., 1708-1715, f. 265-267, March Court, 1711.) In June, 1712, James Crawford, John Dooley, John Cowen and Mathew Molton petitioned the court " for a road to be made through a certain plantation of John Hall, Esq." (same, f. 314.) These men were probably settlers on the north side of Deer Creek.
^ A stream called Cabbin Branch is mentioned in the survey of a tract called " Bear Neck " laid out for Walter Smith, October 10th, 1691, and described as follows : " lying ... on the south side of Gunpowder Falls, beginning at a bounded white oak standing on the side of a high hill near to a place called New Port, then down the said Falls southeast and by south 250 perches to a bounded white oak standing on the south side of a branch called Cabbin Branch, etc., etc." The survey was exe- cuted by Thomas Richardson.
"Cub Hill" surveyed for William Burgess October 1st, 1695, is thus described : " lying ... in the woods and on the south side of the Main falls of Gunpowder River, beginning at 2 bounded white oaks standing on the sonth side of a great branch (probably the branch later known as Burgess's Branch, now Jenifer's Branch — W. B. M.) descending into the said falls and running thence northwest and by north 150 perches to a bounded white oak by another great branch it being a bounded tree of Walter Smith's called Bear Neck, etc., etc."
Whether the branch called " Cabin Branch " in the description of " Bear Neck " was even in 1694 known as Cub Cabin Branch, the name by which it later went, is not certain. It probably was, however.
In a deed bearing date September 30th, 1727, Eleanor Addison of Prince George County, daughter of Walter Smith, deceased, conveyed to her
142 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
which I have elsewhere attributed to Colonel Thomas Thurs- ton.4<>
The earliest record of the name of First Cabin Branch will be found in the description of a survey called " Bear Ridge,"
brother Richard Smith her moiety of all that tract of land called " Bear Neck" which is described as follows: "lying in Baltimore County on the south side of Gunpowder ffalls, beginning at a bounded white oak standing at the side of a High Hill near to a place called Newport and running! thence down the said falls southeast and by south 250 perches to a bounded white oak standing on the south side of a branch called Cubb Cabbin branch, etc, etc." (Baltimore County Land Records, Liber I. S. No. 1, f. 6.) The branch was probably called Cub Cabin Branch in the original certificate of survey.
On July 2nd, 1728, a land commission was held to determine the bounds of " Bear Neck," when the following depositions were taken : Charles Smith, aged seventy years, deposed " that about thirty years ago a certain Coll Thomas Richardson told him the deponent that a bounded white oak standing on the lower side of a branch called Cub Cabbin Branch was a bounded tree of a parcell of land called Bear Neck belonging to Walter Smith and further sayth that Coll Richardson told this deponent that he surveyed the said land." lOliver Harriot, aged 51 years, " being at a bounded white oak standing on the south side of the Falls of Gunpowder River and near to the said Falls and near to a place of the said falls called New Port saith that a certain John Taylor being with him the said deponent at the said white oak informed him that he the said John Taylor was in company with Coll Thomas Richardson when he bounded two white oaks on the south side of Cub Cabbin branch one thereof for a tract of land called Bear Neck for a certain Walter Smith and the other for a tract of land called Cub Hill for one Burgess this deponent further saith that the said John Taylor told him he begun at the said white oak and reversed the first course of the said Walter Smiths land which brought him to a white oak standing near Newport aforesaid." (Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 2, f. 42.)
" Cub Hill " lies on both sides of the present Harford Road, and in- cludes the village of Cub Hill, which is thus seen to bear a name of con- siderable local antiquity. " Bear Neck " extends to within a short dis- tance north of the Harford Road, running northward along the Falls for more than a mile, and back a greater distance.
The peculiarity of the name of Cub Cabin Branch, the possibility that it may in some way be connected with that of Bear Cabin Branch, that it may preserve the name of a cabin on one of the Rangers' roads, is the author's excuse for this long digression. The author is not the only person who has been impressed by the singularity and suggestive quali- ties of the name. Among the papers of the late Dr. George Archer, which are now deposited with the Maryland Historical Society, will be found a map of tracts which lie on the south side of Gxmpowder Falls between
THE BALTIMORE COtTNTT " GARRISON." 143
laid out for Edward Felkes July 26tli, 1693, " lying in the woods on the south side of the Great Falls of Gunpowder River, beginning at a bounded red oak standing on a hill on the west side of a branch descending to the Great Falls commonly called
Cromwell's Bridge and the Bel Air road, showing " Bear Neck," " Cub Hill," " Good Hope," " Darnall's Camp," " Darnall's Sylvania " and other tracts, with relation to all included streams and to the roads which existed when the map was made. This map, which is an excellent piece of work and must have cost a great deal of time and trouble, was evidently made about 1885 for the purpose of providing Dr. Archer with the means of identifying Cub Cabin Branch and First Cabin Branch. The author of this map, a surveyor, whose initials were C. S. H., identifies Cub Cabin Branch with a small stream which empties into the Great Falls just north of the present Harford Eoad. The next branch of the Falls to the south, which is now called Jenifer's Branch, and which rises near Carney, he identifies with the stream called in old records Felks' Branch or Burgess's Branch. First Cabin Branch he believes to be the large stream which discharges into the Falls at Fox's old mill. The probable beginning of Edward Felks survey, " Bear Ridge," is shown on this map.
"" In " The Old Indian Road," in the June, 1920 number of this Maga- zine, page 115, note S. (Since I wrote this note I have noticed the name of a William Thurston in the census of Baltimore County for 1692. He is entered as a resident of the north side of Patapsco River. I do not think, however, that Thurston's Road could have been named for him ( he was probably a servant ) , but believe that it must have been a mili- tary road, and that it owed its name to Colonel Thomas Thurston. The beginning of " Friend's Discovery," which stood near Thurston's Road, lies, as nearly as I can determine, a little less than a mile southeast of the York Road entrance of the Sheppard Hospital. As we know only one point on Thurston's Road we cannot determine the direction of the road.
Colonel Thurston was engaged in trade with the Indians, as is shown by the inventory of his estate taken in the year 1693, in which is listed much trader's stuff, as well as skins. He was evidently an accomplished woodsman, familiar with the forest. In a deposition taken December 3rd, 1728, part of which we have already quoted elsewhere in this article, Symon Pearson, testifying concerning the bounds of a tract of land called " Broomes Bloom," declared that a certain Robert Love told him " that Coll Thurston shewed him the said chestnut who said it was the bounded tree of the said lands ( i. e., " Broomes Bloom," " Christo- pher's Camp" and "Sedgley") before mentioned, this deponent saith that the said Thurston being very well acquainted with the lands in the Forrest and generally used to goe with Mr. Lightfoot the then surveyor to shew him the lands when he went to take them up." (Land Com- missions, Liber H. W. S. No. 2, f. 62.)
144 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
by the name of First Cabin Branch it being a bounded tree of a tract of land called Darnall's Camp ^^ and running south by west 200 perches to a bounded poplar on the south side of a branch descending into the aforesaid branch, etc., etc." (Bal- timore County Court Proceedings, Liber G. No. 1, 1693-1696, Mch. Court, 1693). This survey, which was executed by Tho- mas Richardson, was never patented.
One other record of the name exists. It will be found in a " field-book " of Colonel Thomas White, the surveyor, and is dated March 14th, 1724.^2 xhis book, the property of the Har- ford County Historical Society, has been deposited with the Maryland Historical Society for safe keeping.
These two records enable us to identify the First Cabin Branch almost to a certainty. ^^ It is a stream which rises not
" " Darnall's Camp," 1000 acres, surveyed for John Darnall September 28th, 1683, is nearly bisected by the Bel Air Road, extending on that road from near its intersection with the Joppa Road to within a mile and a quarter, by the road, of the Great Falls of Gunpowder River.
*2The record in Colonel White's field-book is as follows: "March 14th, 1725, I came with John Greer, "William Wright, Olliver Harriot and Wal- ter James to a B (sic) 2 bounded white oaks supposed to be ye beg. trees of Cubb Hill about .3 p distant from a b poplar the supposed beg. of Edw*" Felk's land called Good Hope all standing near (here the words " ye 2d Cabbin " are crossed out) branch called Felks branch and run thence north 33 3/4 Avest 40 p to a b poplar & 2 b dogwood trees ye beg of Michaells
Beg & thence NE 58 p to Lingham black oak ( i. e., " Lingham's
Adventure " or " Adventure's Addition " surveyed for George Lingham, and later included in the Perry Hall estate of the Gough family) .... & thence to a small marked poplar thence NW 24 p thence N 22 E 24 p, NE 20 p to the falls, thence N 130 to include the upper end of ye island, etc., ei-c., thence S 81 E 20 p to the mouth of the first cabbin branch on ye eastward side thence N 74 E 12 to where I ended the 20 (th) coarse of Linghams Addition near the falls thence same course 16 p to ye beg. of Ingram's (i. e., evidently refers to tracts called " Michael's Chance " and " Michael's Addition " which then belonged to John Ingram and lay at the mouth of the branch which we would identify with First Cabin Branch)."
"I have already mentioned the map found among Dr. Archer's notes, which was of very great assistance to me in fixing the identity of First Cabin Branch. The correctness of this map is amply proved by a num- ber of old plats which I have collected and put together. The popular name for First Cabin Branch seems to have been " the Double Run." It is so called in the will of John Ingram, March Slst, 1733; in the descrip-
THE BALiTIMOEE COUNTY " GARRISON." 145
far from the intersections of the Bel Air and Necker Eoads and of the Bel Air and the Old Joppa Road, and empties into the Great Falls some distance below the old copper works or at the place where Fox's old mill formerly stood. Any road which crossed the valley of First Cabin Branch bound in an easterly direction probably forded the Great Falls either at the Long Calm or at a ford situated just above the mouth of Long Green Run.^^
tion of a tract called " Dukes Pallace " surveyed for Christopher Duke November 26, 1724, and elsewhere in the records.
**I have had occasion to mention the Long Cabn Ford in a former article on the " Old Indian Road." This famous ford, first mentioned in 1692 ( see " The Old Indian Road," Md. Historical Magazine, Sept., 1920, p. 212) was situated on the Great Falls of Gunpowder River not far above the Philadelphia Road bridge. Another ford was situated between the Philadelphia Road bridge and the bridge of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail- road, and under the name of " ye wadeing place " is mentioned in the certificate of a tract called "Speedwell" laid out June 11th, 1688, for Roger Spinkes. It was to this latter ford that the main road running from the head of the Bay down into Southern Maryland originally went. Tlie ford above the mouth of Long Green Run is described in a deposition of John Greer taken November 30th, 1738, which runs as follows: "The deposition of John Greer of Baltimore County, Sr., aged about fifty years .... deposeth that a certain Charles Smith should say that Coll Rich- ardson and Thomas Lightfoot came up the falls and over the said falls and bounded a tree and there began Truemans Acquaintance which this deponent then believed the same falls to be the falls of Gunpowder River and this deponent knowing there was but three fording places across the aforesaid falls that he supposed the said persons could come over he made it his business to look for the said tree and found a white oak bounded with twelve notches standing where this deponent now standeth and about tour perches from the said falls and on the north side and opisate to a large rook stone adjoining to a verry small island in the middle of the said falls and a little below a larger Island and very near the said north side and also about thirty perches above the mouth of a large Run com- monly called and known by the name of Long Green Run and some small time after this deponent found the said tree he and some other of his neighbours came to it and run a north west course five hundred perches and near the end of said course found a bounded red oak which he sup- posed to be the 2nd tree of the aforementioned land and a year or so afterwards a certain John Brooks from Calvert County came with John Taylor to this deponent's house and asked him to goe to the first said bounded tree with them and he answered no he had lately been bitt by a rattle snake in going among the weeds, etc., etc." (Land Commissions, Liber H. W. iS. No. 4, f. 41.) Rattlesnakes, by the way, have been so long
146 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
In a former article of this author's *^ an attempt was made to identify the whole of the present Old Joppa Road between Towson and the Bel Air Road, and the Camp Chapel Road, which connects the Old Joppa Road with the Philadelphia Road, with the road called the Court Road, which was "cleared" in the year 1729 from the Long Calm to the Garrison Ridge. This assumption was, however, a serious error ; for the original Joppa Road crossed what is now the Bel Air Road more than a mile and a quarter east of the present Joppa Road. It would appear that the Old Forge Road, which runs from Germantown on the Bel Air Road to the Philadelphia Road near the Great Falls, is a remnant of the old road, and ran originally straight to the Long Calm. Whether this road already existed in 1729, and was merely made passable in that year, is uncertain; but there is at least a strong possibility that it had existed for many years. It may have been, in fact, that lost military road the former existence of which in that part of the country we so strongly suspect.'*^
(To he continued.)
extinct in that part of the country to which John Greer referred in his deposition that most of the inhabitants could hardly he convinced that they ever existed there.
*° " The Old Indian Road," Part 2, in the Maryland Historical Magazine, September, 1920.
*" It may be remembered that in 1754 the Court Road is described as running from the Great Falls " up opposite to Heathcoat Pickett's house "; and that Heathcoat Pickett was probably at that time residing on a tract which he owned called "Good Hope," which lies south of the present Harford Road and does not come nearer than half a mile to the present Joppa Road.
A plat of " Good Hope," " Damall's Sylvania," " Damall's Camp " and other tracts, made in connection with an ejectment suit, Risteau versus Armstrong, 1849, shows a road marked " Old Joppa Road " passing from " Damall's Camp " into and through the western part of " Damall's Syl- vania " and headed towards " Good Hope." This road ran far to the east of the present Old Joppa Road. (See Pocket Plats, 101-102.)
This was the road which, in the following depositions, is alluded to under the name of the Garrison Road. Whether the road had acquired the name of Garrison Road because it went to the Garrison Ridge, or whether it wafi, in fact an original " garrison road " we cannot decide.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 147
It was certainly the road called in most early records the Court Road.
On July 25th, 1743, before a land commission held to determine the bounds of a tract called " Thompson's Lott " laid out for George Thompson October 26th, 1685, John Greer, aged 55 years, deposed as follows: *' that thirty years ago or therabouts Mr. John Taylor who then lived on the south side of Gunpowder River near the ferry and afterwards went for Carolina and if now living is seventy -eight years of age or therabouts being in the woods together the Said John Taylor shewed this deponent a 'bounded black or red oak which this deponent now sheweth unto us fairly bounded on three sides . . . the aforesaid oak standa on the east side of a swampy drean descending into Hornigold Run (now called Honeygo Run^ — ^W. B. M.) by a small grasey glade and a small distance to. the westward of the Piney Glade and to the south west of the Gar- rettson Road and this deponent further saith that the aforesaid John Taylor then told him that if a course was run south west 96 perches there would be found a bounded white oak which was the second tree of the Adventures Addition (surveyed for George Linghan or Lingham July 11th, 1683 — ^W. B. M.), . . . and this deponent being asked if the aforesaid John Taylor told him anything of the bounds of Thompsons Lott says that the said Taylor told him that Thompsons Lott began at the falls at the end of the north west line of Adventures Addition and running thence with Adventures Addition." (Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 4, f. 78 et seq.)
On Novem^ber 22nd, 1782, a land commission was held to determine the bounds of "Darnall's Sylvania," surveyed for John Darnall, 2Sth Sept., 1683. Walter Tolley "being at a spot of ground in the woods to the southward of the road leading to the Nottingham Works (1. e.. The Nottingham Iron Works at the Long Calm Ford — this road now called the Old Forge Road and evidently identical with the Garrison Road of the other depositions here quoted — iW. B. M. ) and between that and Mr. Gough's Gate ( i. e., Harry Dorsey Gough, who then owned " Lingham's Adventure " which he called " Perry Hall " — this was before the Bel Air Road was built) and aboiit a quarter of a mile of the place called the pines " deposed " that about thirty-three years ago to the best of his remembrance he was appointed a commissioner to settle or prove the bounds of a tract of land called Thompsons Lott and John Greer Senr proved a red or black oak bounded tree of said Thompsons Lott to stand where the deponent now is, etc., etc."
Before the same commission Samuel Clark and John Buck, " being duly sworn at the same place described in Walter Tolleys and Annanias Divers depositions of this date " deposed " that about four or five years ago this deponent with Mark Alexander and others was appointed a commissioner for proving the bounds of a tract of land called Thompsons Lott when John Roberts aged then about 95 years was sworn as an evidence and declared on his oath that before Ann Arundel and Baltimore Counties were divided he the said John Roberts was present at the spot described as above and carried the chain under the direction of John Taylor who was Deputy Surveyor under John Dorsey of Elk Ridge on a
148 MAEYXiAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
survey for one Brian (probably means Michael Byrne who took up " Michael's Chance " in 1721, a tract which adjoins " Adventure's Ad- dition ") and that the said John Taylor told him the spot where h« then stood and where deponent now is was the beginning of Thompsons Lott and that at the same spot where the two red oaks stands as before described upon a small branch of the Honey Gold southerly from the Garrison Eoad and near the place called the Gunpowder Pines was then a bounded tree an oak deponent believed but says it was then green and growing and that the said John Taylor run from the said tree 91 or 96 perches he cannot recollect which to a bounded white oak tree and deponent further saith that since he hath been generally informed that Thompsons Lott lays on the Traynes of the Horney Gold and further saith not." (Baltimore County Land Records, Liber W. G. No. L., f. 414 et seq.)
Among the papers which relate to the division of the real estate of General Charles Ridgely of Hampton will be found (Baltimore County Land Records, Liber T. K. No. 336, f. 61) a large map, prepared by Alexander J. Bouldon, the well-known surveyor, for the use of the com- missioners appointed to execute this division. This map which is entitled " Plat of the Principio Company's Lands, Part of the Nottingham Com- pany's Lands, Clark's Chance Enlarged and Part of Sewell's Fancy Be- longing to the Devisees of Charles Ridgely of Hampton," covers a large extent of country. Early surveys are not marked on it, except in one or two instances, but the original lines of many of them appear, and can be identified by reference to the text. On this map are shown part of the first, the whole of the second and part of the given line of " Thomp- son's Lot." If the first and given lines are extended they will meet at the beginning of the tract. The beginning of " Thompson's Lot " will then be seen to lie a little less than a mile and a quarter west of the Great Falls and slightly less than half a mile south of the Bel Air Road. This would place it at the head of one of the main branches of the run now known as Honeygo Run and a short distance southwest of the Old Forge Road. I think there cannot be the slightest question that the road referred in the foregoing records as the " Garrison Road " or as " the road leading to the Nottingham Works " is identical with the Old Forge Road of today, and that this road is a continuation of the " Old Joppa Road " which passed through " Darnall's Camp," " Darnall's Syl- vania " and " Good Hope."
Among some old manuscripts which, in December, 1913, were presented to the Maryland Historical Society, I found copies of two depositions of William Pickett, the son of Heathcoat Pickett or Peckett, the Tory, who was hanged during the Revolution at the gate of Joppa Town, These two depositions, which were taken April 26th, 1779, both have reference to the bounds of " Thompson's Lot." I do not know where these depo- sitions are recorded. In 17S2 Pickett made a deposition (see Land Com- mission on " Darnall's Sylvania," 17S2, to which we have previously referred) about the bounds of "Thompson's Lot" which is so entirely similar in intention and sometimes even in language to one of these two
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 149
depositions that it seems certain that the two are versions of the same deposition taken down at the same time hy different persons. In each case the deponent's age is gven as fifty and a certain event is des- cribed as having taken place forty years hefore. The authenticity of these two depositions is therefore not to be doubted. One of them is as follows :
" The deposition of William Pickett aged about fifty years declares that he was present in company with his father Heathcoat Pickett and a certain Oliver Harrod (i. e., Oliver Harriot) upwards of twenty years ago and to the best of his knowledge says he heard his father and said Harrod in conversation about the land called Thompsons Lot and Dar- nalls Camp and the said Harrod (he was then about eighty- two — 'W. B. M.) told the said Pickett that a certain Coll Richardson and John Taylor who had formerly bean surveyors of Baltimore County met in the road by a run called the Duble run and one of them asked the other whose land that was where they then was and the other replied that it was Thomp- sons Lot if there was any such land."
Colonel Thomas Richardson died in the first decade of the eighteenth century. John Taylor was born about 1671 or earlier. We have already quoted a deposition in which it is shown that he was present with Coll. Richardson at the laying-out of "Bear Neck" (1694) or "Cub Hill" (1695) or both. He was evidently Colonel Richardson's pupil. The date of the meeting of the two surveyors on the road by the Double Run may well be earlier than 1700. Whether the Double Run was the Hang Gold or Horney Gold Branch (a singular name for which no explanation oflFers — this stream had two main branches) or whether it was the run which we identified with First Cabin Branch, which was also called the Double Run, is not certain. If it was the latter, as it seems probable, then the surveyors were mistaken as to the location of " Thompson's Lot." Vague as it is, I am inclined to take this record seriously as evidence that a road existed somewhere west of the Falls near Germanto^vn late in the seventeenth or very early in the eighteenth century. Taken alone it might seem negligible, but taken with other records, it may serve to strengthen, if ever so little, our belief in the theory that an old military road passed through this region in the direction of the Long Calm, and that a " cabin " or outpost on this road stood somewhere in the valley of the First Cabin Branch.
Unfortunately, in this neighborhood of strange place-names and inter- esting historical possibilities, which lies between the Harford Road and Bird River, west of the Great Falls of Gunpowder, descendants of the old population, who might conserve some traditions, have almost all dispersed or died out, and the old gentry — Ridgelys, Days, Tolleys and the Carrolls of Perry Hall — have gone away, never to return. Today an industrious class, largely of peasant stock and devoid of local American traditions, has replaced the old English families; and the landscape itself dis- appears under the process of a rapid suburbanization, or becomes utterly unrecognisable amid the litter of signboards and of villas built of con- crete blocks.
150 MARYLAND HISTORICAL, MAGAZINE.
SOME LETTERS FROM CORRESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE
Edited by Bernard C. Steinee
James Alfred Pearce was a distinguished Whig statesman, representing the State of Maryland in the United States Senate from 1843 until his death in 1863. His son, the late Judge James Alfred Pearce of Chestertown, placed many of his father's papers in the hands of the editor, to be given ultimately to the Maryland Historical Society, in whose collection they may now be found. The papers which appropriately find a place in a biographical sketch of Senator Pearce, will be in- cluded in such a study of his life, which will be published in future numbers of the Magazine. There were some letters, however, contained in the collection which are too important to leave unpublished and yet which do not form a part of the biography. These letters are printed at this time.
Edward D. Mansfield was born in New Haven, Conn., in 1801 and died in Ohio in 1880. He graduated from the Mili- tary Academy at West Point in 1819 and at Princeton in 1822. He studied law at the Litchfield Law School in Connecticut and soon removed to Cincinnati. From 1836 until his retire- ment in 1872, he was occupied as a newspaper editor and as the author of several books.
From Cincinnati on December 28, 1829, he wrote Pearce:
" The town has increased with a rapidity altogether unpre- cedented in any Country, and such are its abundant and per- manent resources that, I can see no sound reason why it should not continue so to increase — allowing for ordinary vicissitudes in business, at the same rate for the next 30 years, when it will probably have reached the population of New York. The opportunities for speculation in real estate and money here are very great. Money is . . . scarce, and rents high. In-
k
COKKESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 151
vestments may be made in rented houses, which will yield from 10 to 15 per cent with the prospect of annual increase in the capital. Money may be loaned to any amount, at the same rates ; if you choose to small brokers, at a much higher rate. — Rents of good houses are from $200 to $600 — A very good one for a small family may be had for $250 — Our market is one of the best, and most abundant in the U. States. — Beef best from 3 to 6 cents pr lb. Mutton 4 to 5. Pork 2 to 3 — Butter 18 — ^Flour $3.50 per barrell. Groceries about the same, as in the Eastern States. — Upon the whole, I think that if, you are independent enough to sustain yourself pecuniar- ily for 3 years, there is no place can offer higher inducements for your location. The profession is crowded, go where you will; and perhaps the scales ought to turn in favor of that point, which will ultimately have the largest amount of busi- ness and in other respects offer the greatest advantages."
Mansfield had married. He gave Pearce information as to legal prospects in Cincinnati, where there were 45 or 50 lawyers, "but of these several have not a single case on the Docket and only 10 or 12 are engaged in much business."
From Baltimore, on December 22, 1831, E. E. Chambers wrote :
" Col, Veazey has consented to serve if elected and as I presume there will be a desire to give Cecil a member of the Council and Kent cannot expect it — having a Senator — I shall be gratified exceedingly to see him chosen. They will no doubt offer and strongly support some candidate from the lower Counties to fill Page's place and with the view stated when we conversed, but I am at a loss to think of any man they can propose who will offer stronger claim or be more acceptable than Veazey.
" I have arrived so late to-night as to have no opportunity to see any one. When here during the Session of the Con- vention it was mentioned to me that our Friends desired to see U. F. Williams elected in the place of Howard — who
152 MAEYXiAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
whether made Governor or otherwise will decline a seat in the Council. Of all men in Maryland Williams has wrote most and expended most time and money since Jacksonism reared its head to prevent its growth. If political service be the criterion no man is more entitled to such a distinction. The folks in Baltimore however will I presume arrange that matter and they ought if united to be gratified.
" I hope with earnestness they will also arrange the more important matter of Governor. It will be greatly to be de- plored if any contest should be entered into between Genl. Thomas and Gov. Howard. From a knowledge of both the men and their devotion to the cause I cannot but believe they will require nothing more than the prudent agency of a mutual Friend to adjust everything. Neither of them I am con- vinced will desire the appointment at the hazard of alienating the zeal of their Friends and such a consequence is certainly the probable result of exciting them by an ardent pursuit of the interest of one against the pretensions of the other."
On March 7, 1838, he wrote Pearce from Chester concerning the duel recently fought between William J. Graves and Jona- than Cilley in which the latter was killed. Graves brought Cilley a challenge from Col. J. W. Webb, of the 'New York Courier and Enquirer, which Cilley declined to receive. Out of the altercation which ensued came a challenge from Graves to Cilley. The duel between them was fought on February 24, 1838, and Henry A. Wise acted as second for Mr. Graves. Three shots were exchanged and Wise received much censure lor not causing an arrangement of the affair, which was caused by a perverted sense of honor, after the first shot was fired (see Niles Register for March, 1838, pp. 4 and 52).
" There is a great deal of feeling exhibited every where on the subject of the late duel. It is regarded as a most extreme point of honor which led to it and that after two unsuccessful fires a point of honor might be gratified, where obviously and properly neither party had had bad feeling, or even a senti- ment of disrespect to indulge.
COKKESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 153
" Putting the miserable practice of shooting a man into right conduct or right opinion in its worst aspect, as this case does, it would be a fit occasion to move in the matter with a view to a fair and honest legislation, if by any such, the means can be devised of averting similar scenes in future or even of lessening their number or the inducements to their repeti- tion, but if as you suggest there be any partial purpose de- signed arising from personal or political prejudices, the result will probably be mischievous rather than salutary. Col. Webb has not the respect of the Community and has too long sub- mitted to similar faults and has gone too far from what he avers himself to be the source of the calumny against him, to excite any feeling in his favor. Mr. Wise too has been (however reluctantly yet) so frequently before the public in a pugnacious character that there is a manifest predisposition to attribute to him a desire to fight and to make others fight, when pacific men would not see a necessity for it. My own opinion is that in the present instance matters have been urged to an unnecessary extent even on the wretched principles of men of honor — that prudent friends should have prevented the meeting, might have investigated the severity of the terms — ought to have terminated the affair before the last shot— but that no distinction can be taken in the censure justly due to all the parties concerned — principals, seconds, and friends — and if expulsion is resolved on, all the survivors should have a common fate. The effect would be probably more useful if y'r legislation were prospective and so contrived as to prohibit under most exemplary sanctions the giving or receiving a challenge in the district.
On enquiry I learn from the ladies that the Y'r family is in usual health — including Mrs. P. & your children — the singu- lar number will no longer suit you.
We yesterday buried Wm. Crane and Dr. Cniikshank was also buried. The first died of bilious pleurisy — the last by apoplexy. A case or two of Typhus has occured in Quaker Neck.
4
154 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
Make my best regards to Peters and tell him I still hope to see him on his homeward passage.
E. F. Chambers.
The Rock Hill Packet it is said will recommence to-morrow.
E^ekiel Forman iChambers was born in 'Chestertown, Feb. 28, 1788 and died Jan. 30, 1867. He graduated at Wash- ington College at the age of 17 and after studying law was admitted to the bar in March, 1808. As Captain of militia, he distinguished himself at the battle of Caulk's Field. He was a member of the Maryland Senate from 1822 to 1825 and of the United States Senate from 1826 to 1834 when he re- signed to accept the appointment of Chief Judge of the Second Judicial Circuit of Maryland and member of the State Court of Appeals. He held these offices until the Constitution of 1851 legislated him out of office. He was a member of the Constitutional Conventions of 1851 and 1864. He declined the position of Secretary of the Navy in President Fillmore's cabinet, in 1852, on account of ill health. On July 13, 1852, he wrote Pearce, requesting the privilege of delaying his de- cision as to the Cabinet position, but stating that he must decline if an immediate answer is necessary. In 1864, he was the Democratic candidate for Governor of Maryland but was defeated by Thomas Swarm, the Union nominee. He was a prominent member of the Protestant Episcopal Church and was President of the Board of Trustees of Washington College from 1843 until his death. He received the degree of LL. D. from Yale in 1833 and from Delaware College in 1852.
From Annapolis, on January 30, 1848, Reverdy Johnson wrote:
My dear Pearce,
" I am obliged to you for your kind and friendly note of yesterday. Friends may think I was wrong in the matter just settled, but if I had not noticed it, I should have felt dishonored, and anything is better than that. The minute the
COEKESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEAECE. 155
thing occured, I would have written to you, hut 1 was unwilling to have any kind friend involved in the difficulty, and called upon, as I knew I could, a medical friend, Mr. J. Bittle King. He was to have attended me to the field. Pitts acted as my friend to carry my first demand for a withdrawal of the offen- sive term, I telling him, altho' he was willing and anxious to be with me throughout, yet I could not suffer him for the reason I have stated. I fear I shall be kept here some ten or twelve days longer. If you return home how long will you be away? Let me know by return mail.
" The treaty project, the Senate I think, has a right to be informed of, and ought to be. I have no doubt it gives us as much and perhaps more, than we ought to exact. As to the War, altho I differ in one thing from our friends and am, in other things as you say, and I fear too justly ' a wilful man,' I beg you to be assured, that such differences and contentious- ness leave me still as sincerely attached to them, as they can be to each other. Esteeming them as Brothers. J hope to be so soon regarded by them.
" I think you had better come here if you can. Are you not afraid that I may plot agt. you? Jesting apart, you had better come.
Sincerely your friend,
Reverdy Johnson."'
On May 25, 1849, from Lebanon, Ohio, Thos. Corwin wrote:
" At the very moment when my mouth was choked with bitter curses, your letter came assuring me that I was not a fool, but had reason ' good in the law,' for wrath, malice and evil speech. As these Privy 'Counsellors expect to cozen the rank and file into obedience and direction, while they shoot down before their eyes, the Cols, and Brigadiers that have led them through so many fields ' red . . . shed ' oh the fools ! Do you not see that my Cabinet, whereat you chose to laugh somewhat, would have done otherwise, and been other sorts
156 MAETLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of men ! I shall turn egotist and rail at ' others folly ' if the self constituted wise ones don't change their demeanor.
" If these Admirals sail the ship on their present tack, before a year rolls away, the Shore of their Sea will be ' heaped with the damn'd like pebbles.' Where then will be such fellows as you and I ? Where shall we go, To the devil, you will say, whither with swift despatch the Whig party seems tending. Is it not rather hard to rest our bones for age, in the Sarcoph- agus provided by such Undertakers !
" I shall be in Babylon June the 2, '49 — I beg you will come over the bay and foregather with me a day or two, will you not — I must be there for a few weeks, you can sojourn a day, a week, or an hour, if you please, but come — I will look for you, and oblige me by sending a line to Washington saying what day I shall see you. Till then, * The Gods Keep You.' "
On January 23, 1850, from Annapolis, E. F. Chambers wrote on Mr. Butler's proposed schemes:
" The subject is of vital importance to us and is becoming more and more so to all the South. Indeed as the border line is extended more and more South and as facilities multiply, every part of the slave holding Country must expect to be as we are now, mere stake holders for Northern madmen to depredate upon. With regard to your bill I called this morn- ing (before receiving your letter) on Mr. Tilghman to ask if he could not speak to a number of the Senate to urge its prompt passage to be ready for you when you came. It had passed the House and was in the Senate where Spencer told me he had bespoken sponsors for it. Constable however as well as himself is absent and I was afraid it wanted a pro- tection. Tilghman promised to speak to Done and get him to attend to it at once. Done by the way is probably the strong- est man in the body intellectually. Hambleton you Iniow is at Easton where the trials (and acquittals) of Smith are going on.
" I was in hope you would have been on to patronize Mr.
COEEESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFEED PEAECE. 157
Pratt who entertains to-morrow Eve — and the idea is that all the world is to be there. The election to-day for State Sena- tor has made very little noise. My Brother Magruder has just told me the majority is reported to be 500 against young Claude — for whom he says the Whigs could not be induced to vote and he added he ' didn't know how in the name of sense they ever allowed him to be nominated.' "
[Note : Done was John H. Done of Somerset County. Tilgh- man was probably Lloyd Tilghman of Queen Anne's County, a member of the House of Delegates, of which body Samuel W. Spencer of Kent County was also a member.]
On March 22, 1850, Brantz Mayer wrote from Baltimore:
'•' I saw by the report of proceedings in the Senate, some time ago, that a Report has been presented from Lieutenant Smith, upon the drainage of the Valley of Mexico, and that the Senate refused to print it. Will you pardon me for ex- pressing the hope that you will endeavor to throw the influence of your recognized Scientific position in favor of a reconsider- ation of the vote. You are doubtless aware that the Valley is one of the most interesting geographical features of the world, and that its hydrography has always been a matter of curious and valuable investigation since the days of the first Velasco. I am confident from the reports I received from the ' Commis- sion de .Estadista ' ^of [Mexico, that this Memoir ^will be hailed in the Republic by its Scientific Citizens as one of the most valuable gifts we can make it; and that no petty con- sideration of ' future occupation,' by us, will mingle with the perusal and study of such a paper in the Capital. — They are doing all they can in Mexico, through the 'Commission,' — at the head of which are Arista and Almonte, — ^to push on the geographical development and description of their Country. And, as a corresponding Member of that Commission, I res- pectfully solicit your powerful aid in delivering the Memoir to the World.
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" Let me thank you for the Memoir you were good enough to send me the other day, and at the same time to say that I shall be glad at any time to show you my very complete Library of Mexican Works on the History, Statistics, An- tiquities, etc., of that interesting portion of the globe. — ^I have gathered the Library with great trouble, and shall digest a good deal of it in the new Historical and Descriptive work on Mexico which I am about to publish."
P. S. " If you will mention this subject of this letter to my friends Col. Benton and Mr. Clay, I dare say they will gladly cooperate with you. — I know that the Topographical Bureau estimates the Memoir highly."
From George Town, on September 24, 1850, G. C. Wash- ington wrote :
" An absence of three months from home, prevented me from replying sooner to your favor of the 27th, August, in relation to the farewell address of Gen'l Washington. I did not receive your letter until my return.
" I have for some time past had reason to suspect the inten- tion of the Hamilton family to claim for Gen'l. Hamilton the authorship of the farewell address, and my late Uncle Judge Washington entertained like suspicions, which he expressed to me in the presence of Judge Marshall and at the same time informed me, that with his will I would find a sealed packet of papers containing proofs of Genl. Washington's claim to the authorship to the Farewell Address — with an in- junction not to make them public, except in a certain contin- gency which has not exactly occurred, though probably it may — The endorsement on these papers is as follows —
' Genl. Washington's Farewell Address '
' Proofs of his being the Author — to be made use of should the hints and whispers now circulating to the contrary ever assume a public garb, so as to render it necessary.'
' The original letter from Mr. Jay is in possession of Judge
COEKESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEAKCE. 159
Peters and will be confided to his Executor probably, to be used only in case it should be rendered necessary by the Ham- iltons.'
" By reference to Sparks ' Writings of Washington,' to which I would invite your attention, the history of the preparation of the farewell address is given — see appendix to Vol. 12 from pages 382 to 398 inclusive — ^He appears to have had access to all the papers now in my possession, at the time he was staying at Mt. Vernon and preparing the papers for removal to Cam- bridge, Mass., and indeed enclosed to me from the latter place the letter of Genl. Hamilton in relation to the address — It would appear that contrary to his otherwise invariable prac- tice Genl. W. kept no copies of his letters to Hamilton, and to this day I have never seen them, although it would seem, that with the other papers of Genl. H. they are now deposited in the State Department. This correspondence being in strict personal confidence and friendship should either have been destroyed or reserved; but, as I believe, was placed in the de- partment so as to give a plausible pretext for the claim of authorship to Genl. H. — I presume they have no copies of this letter to Genl. W. as I infer from thenr repeated attempt, to procure them from me by the offer of an interchange of letters with me, so that each party might be in possession of the entire correspondence — Suspecting as I did the motive I declined or waived the proposition. It was only a few days before my recent return home, that old Mrs. Hamilton and her daughter for the first time visited my house and I suspect on a similar errand — I cannot but think, that this attempt of the Hamiltons to detract from the merits of Genl. W. as a writer, while it cannot injure his character or fame or lessen for him the veneration of his Country, will draw on them its odium, for the violation of the confidence of bosom friends and for claiming that, which Genl. H. never did or would have claimed or sanctioned — ^Genl. H. was not the only one consulted by Genl. W. in relation to the farewell address — ^Mr. Jay and Mr. Madison were also of the number — as you will see by the
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reference I have made to Sparks. The manuscript of the farewell address, in my possession, was commenced in 1792, when he first contemplated declining a reelection, and addi tions were subsequently made to it, and as Sparks says, there is no evidence that this particular paper was ever submitted to the inspection of Genl. H. (See page 391 as above) — Indeed there is reason to believe that it was not — The purport of that manuscript you will see by the above reference —
" I have now every reason to believe, that the Clayton manu- script was that submitted to Genl. Hamilton and Mr. Jay, and that the alterations and interliniations in Genl. Ws writing were those made by him at the suggestion of those gentlemen, who at his request revised the address. For further infor- mation on this point and for explanation of the fact of there being a copy of the address in Genl. H's handwriting, if it be so, I refer you to the accompanying letter from Mr. Jay to Judge Peters — ^I also forward you the minutes of a conver- sation I held with Mr. J. G. Hamilton in March last. It has never been denied and Mr. Sparks admits the fact, that Genl. W. consulted Genl. H. freely, and that there was an inter- change of opinions by correspondence between them.
" That all the thoughts and sentiments of the address were Genl. Washington's there can be no reason to doubt, although it is probably that the phraseology may have been improved at the suggestion of Genl. H. But this can surely give no just or reasonable claim to exclusive authorship —
" I have been unwell for a day or two and have written hastily, and have taken no copy of this note, which I will thank you to preserve — 'Not have I any copy of the accompanying papers, which you will please return.
" Appreciating fuUy and thanking you sincerely for the motive which induced you to address me on this subject, in relation to which any further information in my power will be given, I am very faithfully yours,"
COERESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 161
On June 12, 1851, from Annapolis, E. F. Chambers wrote:
" Yrs. of 10th. is at hand by the mail of this morning, in which among other things, you say my friends have no assurance that I will serve in the 'Court of Appeals and desire to know * whether my name may be used in the Canvass.'
" Hitherto I have declined giving an affirmative answer to similar applications.
" It may be well to remark that Judge Eccleston has long since kuown that under no circumstances would I consent to serve as Circuit Judge.
" Before the vote on the adoption of the Constitution 1 regarded it as altogether indelicate and certainly inexpedient to prepare for a canvass or to allow myself to be proposed for an office before it was certain that the office would exist.
" Subsequently I was unwilling to allow any use of my name until I could learn from Judge Spence whether he desired to be proposed by his friends. He declines having his name used in connection with this office. His friends will have him poll for the office of Circuit Judge to which he consents reluctantly. I have no longer any reason for declining an answer to yr. inquiry. I am willing to serve as a Judge of the Court of Appeals if it be the pleasure of the good people of the Eastern Shore to express their desire that such shall be the case. It is however, proper to add that in determining to give me their votes for the office, my friends must act with full knowledge of my desire to keep aloof from all participation in the canvass. ITot only shall I expect to be excused from the indelicacy of ' taking the Stump,' or in any other way publicly urging any claim to the confidence or support of voters, but I cannot pri- vately use any means to influence their opinions. I would prefer decidedly that there should not be a political conven- tional nomination yet I am aware that there are many who think a concert of action can be obtained in no other mode, I would not insist on this as a condition, but would regard such a pro- ceeding as only a subject of regret.
" It appears to me as only a plain propriety that a judicial
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officer of high grade should be elected on grounds as wide as possible from those of party politics.
" If these views on my part are deemed by my personal friends objectionable and such as make it desirable to propose the name of another I shall acquiesce in any opinion they may finally adopt after a full and free consideration of the subject.
" There are no such attractions in the position — especially when its labors and emoluments are contrasted — as to make me at all anxious to occupy it.
" I frankly confess to some pride in having a decided ex- hibition of the continued confidence of my Eastern Shore Countrymen as an offset to the many harsh and unjust impu- tations which have been heaped upon me so liberally from various quarters, and the warm and earnest solicitations of kind friends from different and distant portions of the district have induced me to suppose such an endorsement would be given. This is the leading motive to gratify the request of those who like yourself have urged me to accept the place. Should these friends — I repeat — cease to desire it on the terms here mentioned I will cheerfully give place to another."
[JSTote: Eccleston was Judge John B. Eccleston of Kent, and Spence Judge Lea Spence of Dorchester.]
On July .27, 1851, from W[ashington] City, Tho. Corwin wrote :
" I am here again to be worried stewed or broiled as time and tide may chance. Will you be soon or ever here again I If not when may I hope to see you at home or any where else. I am indeed most anxious to see you again for a short time, say half a day, and if the demands of duty permitted a year.
" How I envy your condition — I see you are busy in the quiet haunts, and cool retreats of literature. Send me (if I am never to see you this side of Elyssium) a copy of your late speech at College — Is not that pursuit (the acquisition & com- munication of knowledge) the only rational business of man!
COEKESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 163
Will it not constitute the happiness and glory of the ' just ' hereafter ! Shall we not be allowed to listen to the Harp of Isaiah and ponder the mysteries of Creation with Newton in some quiet nook in Eternity! Alas! I fear the triumph of Whig or Democratic ticket, will seem to us then, matters of small moment — Amen — My sermon is ended — So answer this soon and oblige one who is in all moods and tenses is, your friend."
On June 10, 1853, from Huntsville, Alabama, Sam. Houston wrote :
"I see in the ' Klichmond Examiner' of the 27th. May, a letter of E. W. Morris, late of the Texan 'Nslvj addressed to you, in which he as well as the Editors, drag me in and render me a fair portion of abuse. I hope you will not notice, either the one or the other, but leave it to me, at the proper time, place and manner.
" If I am spared, I pledge you my word, there will be some sorry folks in the matter. They will be Jcindly considered, and I propose to both of them with their Portraits, when drawn to life, and properly shaded.
" I want you, if you please to retain the two Pamphlets to which he refers, as having sent you, for I tried to procure them, when I heard of them, but did not succeed. I hope if we live to meet again, that you may have them, and inter nos, I will make them think, that the ' outside Barbarians ' have turned loose on them.
Please write to me, as I will be happy to hear from you, as well as of your wellf are.
We have a dead calm in politics in this land of Democracy."
On February 16, 1855, from Boston, R C. Winthrop wrote:
" May I trouble you to put the inclosed in the way of reach- ing our friend Crittenden, who I believe is in Washington, but who has not yet the franking privilege? I have no Massachu- setts correspondent in the Senate now, and no one from whom
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I can look for a Document. ' Sumner has at last a Colleague,' the papers say. I am likely to be none the better for that, but, on the contrary, to miss the favors of my old friend Rockwell.
" All this will, I trust, be a sufficient apology for troubling you with the enclosure.
" I am indebted to Mr. Wright for a copy of the Smithsonian Debate, which I have already examined with great interest. All Boston has not been of a mind in this matter."
[Note: John J. Crittenden's term as (Senator began on March 4, and Julius Rockwell's term as Senator expired Janu- ary 31.]
On April 12, 1855, from Baltimore, W. Prescott Smith wrote :
" Your favor the 7th. should have been answered earlier, but for my absence from town.
" The set of Globes, in 18 volumes will prove a highly ac- ceptable contribution to the Library of the Maryland Institute, where they will be seen and read by its 3000 members.
We have a * Mercantile Library Association ' here in vigor- ous existence. Its rooms are situated in the Athenaeum Build- ing on Saratoga Street at the corner of St. Paul. A copy of the Globe would also prove useful and acceptable to them.
" There is another association here that needs fostering, and which is popular and successful. I allude to the ' Young Men's Christian Association.' Its rooms are in the new ' Bible House,' in Fayette Street, back of Charles Street Church.
" But for general usefulness and expanded scope of opera- tion, the Institute is by far the most important organization of an educational and moral character, in the City of Balti- more. We have no less than 1600 junior members, lads of from 14 to 20 years of age, the very flower of the rising energy and intelligence of the place, and perhaps as a body, the best illustration of ' Young America,' regulated and restrained by good influence to be found in one combination, any where. Our Library is but one of the features of the Institute. Its vol-
COEBESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEAKCE. 165
umes number but 4500 yet, although we have fully 1000 constant readers, who take out books. Perhaps to no society in the Union therefore, could good books be so positively useful, in all respects.
" While writing you, permit me to ask, on the earnest behalf of the Institute, whether we may not now secure your positive promise to deliver a lecture upon some useful general subject (to be chosen by yourself) during the coming winter season ?"
From the House of Eepresentatives in Washington, May 16, 1856, Justin S. Morrill, of Vermont, wrote:
" It seems a long time since you left and I feel desirous to learn how that gouty foot is behaving. If you are able please send me a bulletin of your health.
" Douglas and the dog-star rages. Pierce has recognized the fiUibusters of Central America and I think if you were in the Senate most likely you would spear old Marcy and young America some. All the democratic candidates follow the lead of Capt. Rynders — Under that banner they propose to conquer.
Very sincerely yours,"
Thos. Corwin wrote from Cincinnati on May 16, 1856:
" I am not dead indeed I am not, I am more than half alive, Our Supreme Court has decided that a man more than half white is white. By analogy to this law I am to all interests and purposes a ' living being within the King's peace ' though perhaps not a ' reasonable one ' upon whom according to Coke, murder might be committed, I often wonder what you are doing, whether sitting at your desk cursing some prosy speaker, who has been for four hours lecturing upon the Social Com- pact, The Origin of 'Government, The Institutes of Menu, The Zendavesta of Zoroaster, The Koran & Ten Commandants upon such novel and exciting topics, you know. Statesmen^ practical Statesmen, (& ours are all practical) are wont to enlighten Mankind immediately preceding a Presidential election, or whether you are seated snugly and alone in your own chair
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regaling your tastes with some agreeable book. Or (when I look on the dark possibilities), whether you are on your back with one leg projected perpendicularly, under the soothing influence of the Satanic grip of the gout. Well, what the devil are you about. Wisely enough you are silent in the Senate. I know not why any man should argue his cause, when his Jury is packed, and unless he runs for the presidency on a pamphlet speech for a platform, he should husband his wind for a more profitable market, than the U. S. Congress. I see it stated in the newspapers this morning, that a Presiden- tial election is to be ' had and held,' all over the TJ. S. some- time next fall. Is this so ? If it be so pray tell me does anybody run against your namesake? I dare say this election I have heard of, explains the noise made over Buchanan. I shrewdly suspect he thinks of the crown and wants votes there- for. How Buch does prosper. Every where he is hailed with congratulations and applause. ' His cow calveth and casteth not her calf : his Bull gendereth and ref useth not ' see Job, Chap — Verse — Can you tell me whether the Supreme Court ever sits now a days in Washington. I understand it does. A Yankee lawyer came into my sanctum yesterday, his eyes bloodshot and shooting out of their sockets half an inch, the cold sweat dropping from his forhead and nose, ejaculating broken execrations upon the same Supreme Court, because he said they had recently decided or would soon decide that a nabob from Kty could pick up half a dozen of his negroes and bring them over into our religious and free State, and keep them here during hot months of Summer, provided he could prove he came to be cured of a bilious cholic ! He demanded of me what I thought of this enormity. After a moment's reflection, I told him I hoped they would come in the Winter as in that case the smell would be more agreeable to our free and evan- gelical nostrils. My interrogator opened his eyes till they resembled two dogwood bushes in bloom, swelled out his cheeks, snorted like a horse who sees fox fire in the night and bolted out of my sanctum with a stride that would have done credit
COEKESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFEED PEARCE. 167
to Gilpin's Horse. Oh how your resolutions do vex my quiet sensible people in our homes. Here comes a client, good- night my [friend] for this time — ^Do you remember a fellow by the name of Bob Schenck, a white haired broad mouthed stalwart looking chap rather smart in his way. If you see him ever, give him my regards. Does Crittenden drink as hard as ever? Was he sober when he fell upon Douglass about — something I forget what — "
On May 23, 1857, from Cincinnati, Thos. Corwin wrote:
" I was heartily rejoiced on receipt of your letter. I had supposed the gout was upon you, and thus accounted for a short delay in replying to my note. I felt guUty or rather sheepish when I asked yr. kindly aid to my friend. I con- soled myself with the certainty that you would act as became you, and that you alone could determine what it was proper to do in the premises. I shall always be gratified for the ' good word ' dropt incidentally as you propose. I am glad to know that you can excuse the frailty of my nature to which you allude, yet I do believe no one, not even yourself can regret more than I the events which enabled you to understand, how a temporary misanthropy, should follow a strong sense of in- justice, at the hands of a world, whose happiness you had always sought to subserve. The malignity of foes, who might be smarting under the chastisement justly inflicted, could be borne, but the bitterest drop in the cup is, the ingratitude of quondam friends, whom you had obliged. All this and more have I felt, and felt it too till my pulse ran wild, and my heart burned as it were in a furnace at White heat. It is all now past, but not forgotten or forgiven. I am cool and in- capable of another such crucifixion, but I am not or shall be what I was. All other feelings for mankind are lost in my deep contempt. There let them sleep. I speak of the mass, not the very few, whose existence have alone made life tol- erable, and preserves the foetid mass from putrescence and quick death. I trust I shajl see you here at the time you
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propose, ' hale and livin' ' with a plethoric purse and a light heart. I work daily and seem at this moment to enjoy the sweet retirement and rural charms that surround you ' Non invideo sed Miror Majus.' May you long live with such happy surroundings. It would be a great favor to me, if you would spoil a sheet of fair paper and send it to me, whenever head or heart shall prompt; whatever others may have falsely said or pretended to believe concerning your motives, never no not for one instant, affected me with any other feeling than con- tempt or hatred for the liars and hypocrites who vainly sup- posed they could shake the firm confidence of one — of all — all who knew you in your perfect integrity. — Your often obliged and true friend."
From Chestertown, on March 30, 1858, E. F. Chambers wrote :
" You will no doubt have heard that Judge Hopper after lingering several days beyond the utmost limits allowed by his medical and other attendants died on Sunday morning 28th.
" We suppose one consequence is that no process can issue dated subsequently to his death and as in the fortnight inter- vening before our Court it may be generally desired not to have suits or executions delayed we have drawn up a written agreement, signed by all the resident bar, except Mr. Eicaud and yourself, to the effect that the Clerk may issue any pro- cess which might have issued if the Judge were still alive, and the same be dated on Saturday the 27th. March instant and we pledge ourselves not to take advantage of the irregular- ity or to allow our clients to do it. I have undertaken to pro- cure the assent of Mr. Ricaud and yourself to the arrangement. To guard against accidents I write to each of you. Take a moment to write at once.
" I congratulate you on the Kansas vote — ^which is to be hoped will be the last of it in your body.
" We have been dealing also with Conventions in embryo —
COERESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 169
one proposed at Easton to threaten repudiation or coerce an extra session — as we presume — tlie other at Cambridge to consult in regard to a division of the Diocese. The first we hope will prove a miscarriage and as you may perceive by Saturday's Kjent !N"ews have administered a cold bath. To the second the Vestry have done me the honor to ask me to attend, in the hope of defeating a project as wild as it is im- practicable. You will concur with us I trust in the treatment of each."
P. S. — " Being called off before fairly finishing this must ask you to let Eicaud see and consider it as equally addressed to him."
[Note : James Barroll Eicaud, of Chestertown, was then a member of Congress. Philemon B. Hopper was a member of the Maryland Court of Appeals.]
On May 7, 1859, from Huntsville, Sam. Houston wrote:
" Your favor of the 5th. ult. has just reached me, and I need not assure you, that I was happy to see your sign manual.
" I would try and write you a long letter but as I have not yet located at Cedar Point, I must postpone it until I can ask you to come and eat oysters with me and crabs. The fish and fowl, you know I reserve for our friend Iverson. I do not invite you on the contingency of ' uncertainty,' but to offer you freely, the best I have and our cheerful Reville of boist- erous children.
" I am delighted with my liberty, and feel more at ease than I have done for forty-six years. For the reason that I can do what I chuse or nothing at all.
" My people are all in too good humor with me, and I intend to keep them so. I will not dabble any more in muddy waters, when I can enjoy clear waters at much less expense and trouble.
" I have turned your letter over to my friend Dr. Meredith of Crockett to be answered.
" Joy and happiness to thee and thine."
[!N"ote: Iverson is probably Alfred Iverson of Georgia.] 5
170 MARYLAISTD HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
On January 17, 1855, from El Paso, Texas, Wm. H. Emory- wrote :
" We have made good progress, with our work, having con- cluded the initial point on the Rio Grande and push our operations as far West as we can go, until we establish a depot at the other end of the Jornado near the extremity of the 100 miles to be measured on the parallel of 31° 47. We have yet found no good road near the line to pass wagons over. It is nearly dead level but as far as we have looked (60 miles), there is no water and much sand.
" Our party is well organized and I hope and believe we shall get through with the present appropriation, but in view of the terrible hardships we have had from yellow fever, small pox, and the storm in lower Texas, and the unexpected inability of the Mexicans Commission to do half the work, I have asked for another appropriation.
" You recollect I stated officially I considered the present appropriation sufficient, but I am willing to risk my own repu- tation for judgment and consistency in preference to seeing the Government embarrassed as it would be if we failed to complete the work with the present appropriation.
" To complete an unfinished portion of the work however small, at this distance from navigable water (700 miles) would cost almost as much as the original sum. It is the outfit and the number of men required with my party to guard against Indian attacks, which makes the expense of any regular survey here so great.
" 1 am embarrassed to know how to treat the inability of the Mexican commissioner to do half the work. He cannot do one fifth. He is an amiable, intelligent gentleman and at present lets me do as I please, of course I please to do exactly as is right, and neither give nor take. But if I report his inability I drive him at once upon his dignity and my influence with him ceases, and he might by the power given him and the treaty compel me to wait until he received from his Govern- ment the proper means to carry on the work. The survey you
COEKESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFKED PEARCE. 171
know is a joint survey. Each must agree to what the other does.
" In my paucity of ideas, resulting I hope from an isolated position (we have had no news from the States later then the 20 November), I am going to tell you a secret which perhaps may someday be a reality. I do not know that I shall mention it to any other person but Colonel Davis.
" I have said nothing of it even to the trustiest of my assist- ants.
" I have been informed that the chief men of Chihuahua desire to be annexed to the United States, and I have been invited by a person of wealth and standing to visit the State, and report its resources and the condition of public opinion in regard to the matter. It is also suggested that I shall construct some public business, such as the procurement of specie or cattle to supply the Commission, as a cover for the visit. I despise underground work and fillibustering in all its forms and phases. Yet if I thought I could serve my Government I would go, or if indeed it was their wish, I would go without regard to my own opinion.
"I know something of Chihuahua already, I know it to be the richest silver region on the continent, perhaps in the world, to be a fine grazing country, and healthy beyond comparison with any other region as is shown by the grace and beauty of its women and the longevity of its inhabitants.
" What should I do ? but perhaps before your letter reaches me I shall be on my way home, where if it pleases God to let me come once more, I will not leave it for all the silver in Chi- huahua or the gold of California.
" If Mr. Badger is still living in the same house present my regards to his wife and himself and believe me very truly yours,
" I write this as if I was within the limits of Civilization, but a moment's reflection reminds me that you will probably be at home before this reaches you."
[ISToTE : Badger was probably George Edmond Badger, Sena- tor from ITorth Carolina.]
172 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
From Fort Eiley, February 6, 1858, Wm. H. Emory wrote:
" You ask me if I know Mrs. Coolidge ? In the language of the Semi Barbarian of the frontier I reply ' I don't know, no body else.' Except her husband she was the only person here when I came to take the command of this post, and while I was getting my own quarters fixed up, accepted the kind hos- pitality of herself and husband. To-day she does me the honor to dine with me; a wild Turkey being the subject of dis- cussion. A more excellent Lady I have never known and her husband is one of the most accomplished and intelligent men of his profession.
" I am kept very busy here in command of my regiment and of the Post. The officers do me the honor of saying that no officer has yet done so much to bring up the Cavalry as I have done. I have inaugurated amongst other things a riding house, at the risk of having to pay for it myself, and the instruction is given there five hours every day, only one day this winter being missed. I can myself see the improvement in men and horses. But my glory will be of short duration. In a month or so both my colonel and Lt. Colonel will return and then I shall be for the first time in my life, a fifth wheel to a coach, a nonentity, a perfectly useless appendage to a marching Regt. The regulations give a Major no duty to perform except to take inventories of the effects of the dead, and Sumner the Colonel, who is not without merit, has the singular fancy of doing everything himself, and above all things whatever may be his merits as a commander of foot, can never be made to understand horses. I had some hope in these new regiments of getting out of a position so truly humiliating to a man of any energy, but the mail of yesterday brought GenI Davis's Bill, by which we infer the intention is to increase the army by enlarging Companies and Regmts. I presume Genl. Davis has discovered that if the Regmts were formed they would be the vehicles to place in the Army broken down Civilians, or what is more likely, he has discovered that no increase in the
CORRESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 173
number of Regmts can pass Congress, and that we are in dan- ger of having volunteers forced on the Government. At any rate we of the Cavalry have sufficient faith in his judgment and purpose to believe that what he does will be the best for the Army and for the Country.
" I have been dreadfully mortified about the publication of my report. I left everything as I thought straight but instead of carrying out my views they acted exactly the contrary. For example, I retained the plates of the 2d. Volume for the ex- press purpose of enabling Congress to reconsider the matter and reduce the number ordered from 18,000 to one or two hundred for each House which I think amply sufficient the work being of no interest to the general reader. The Secretary was apprised of the plan in a written communication of Oct 12 which met as I thought his entire approval.
" You may guess my surprise, when I find Genl Davis and yourself appealed to as my friends to enforce the original order for the printing of so great a number of copies. A man named Jekyl was left by me to superintend the engraving of the gen'l Map which he has shamefully neglected, and occupied himself as the advocate of the Engraver Mr. Siebert to get possession of the plates of the 2d Vol. and by commencing the printing to foreclose the action of Congress. The villain had the impudence to appeal to my wife to write to the Secretary of the Interior to request the plates might be surrendered, and strange to say the Secty and particularly Mr. Campbell the Supt of Wagon Roads overlooked my letter and forgot the frequent conversations I had on the subject and have listened to this fellow as if he represented my wishes and the interest of the work. I have requested his immediate dismissal. From the accts, which I receive from a private source, which I cannot use, I am led to believe that Mr. Campbell who I thought would act in good faith, is bitterly inimical to me, my work and all concerned. Be that as it may, my views and instructions have been so utterly disregarded I have been compelled to decline all further responsibility in the matter. Mr. Camp-
.■174 MARYLAND HISTORICAL, MAGAZINE.
bell has tlie whole power in his hand, and at this distance with my engagements here, I concluded to make no controversy for the present, but to quit all connection with the business.
" I will take this as a special favor if you will see that tbe printing Committee of the Senate are properly informed as to my view of the 2d. Vol., and the pains I took by withholding the plates to enable them to reduce the number ordered, or in part, to abandon it altogether. On the other hand I hope you will do what you can to have the geological map printed with the first volume as originally designed and advised by Con- gress, and also see tliat the general map is completed accord- ing to directions given which directions my wife no doubt has a copy of. They were embodied in a letter to the Secty. of the Interior, and to Mr. J. H. Clark who I requested might be placed in charge.
" Every body opposed my leaving my work at the time I did to join my Regiment, but with a war impending and the con- dition of the Country here I thought my honor as a soldier required me to take the step. The military events have fully sustained my judgment. We are now under orders for Utah and it is far better I should have joined voluntarily, than to have waited for the spur. Besides I have had an opportunity to show, that I know how to command a Regmt of Cavalry, and if I have to lead a charge, I know the men who will ride with me boot to boot.
" I forbear to say anything about this wretched Country. It is in the hands of the abolition banditti. The few proslavery leaders, who have bravely remained at their posts, (and amongst them is my brother Frederick) are in a position truly un- comfortable. The moment the laws are placed in the hands of these abolutionists, the proslavery men will be persecuted to death. They have already lists made out of people to be executed and if need be assassinated. A friendly abolitionist at Manhattan notified Frederick that he was on the list to be killed and begged him not to go to Leavenworth. He has administered his office here so well and with such fairness.
COEEESPONDENCE OF JAMES AI.FEED PEAECE. 175
that in this district the free state men themselves will protect him. Fred, is constitutionally brave and treats their threats with contempt but you would be surprised to know the number who have ratted under their threats and left the territory.
" You will be horrified at the sight of a second sheet but the truth is when I commence to talk or write to one I esteem and like, I never know when to stop, and there is one subject which the Army, the Country generally, but especially Mr. Buchanan's administration, are so much interested in that T must beg you to hear me. It is the subject of the command of the Army in Utah. Why should the present commander be changed ? The only reason I can see is that he is a graduate of the Military Academy, which fact may give offense to the villian Benton and some of his black republican coadjutors. That he is junior in rank to some of the Colonels whose regi- ments are ordered is nothing, these Colonels can be left at home to the satisfaction of themselves and the interests of the Gov- ernment. Now let me give you some reasons why he should be left and try to enlist you in making an effort to retain him.
"1) He is in command already and has done well up to this time.
"2) Even if there is no fighting, the campaign is the most difficult and trying to the physique of any projected in modern times, and it is physically impossible for an older man than the present commander to keep in his saddle. He will take refuge in the ambulances see and hear nothing but what is told him by an inexperienced staff, and his mind will be wholly engrossed with his own personal necessities.
"3) The present commander has had the experience of crossing the desert which no general above him has had. That experience has cost the Government 3000 animals at the lowest estimate half a million dollars. Whatever may be said to the contrary, the experience of a new commander who has never crossed the plains will cost as much or more.
"4) The present commander has everything to gain, and much to loose. The older generals have nothing to gain and everything to loose.
176 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
"5) The present commander has the entire confidence of the Army.
" If these considerations strike you as reasonable you will do much service to the Army by urging them in proper quarters. I have no personal interest in the matter and but the slightest personal acquaintance with Col. Johnston, while with some of the old Generals, who are claiming the command I have inti- mate personal acquaintance and entertain for them the highest regard personal and professional.
" Whilst on this subject, I must say that it has struck me with astonishment that the government should not have re- inforced Col. Johnston by the way of Texas, Taos, etc. Troops can march on that route in the winter, and on reaching New Mexico, they could follow the line of settlements and procure forage for the animals, halting at Taos the last settlement within a few hundred miles of Ft Scott (Bridger) until the grass grows. They could thus reach the Utah Army by the middle of May. Every man of experience knows that the Army from here cannot commence its march until the 1st. or middle of May, Troops from here can move towards Texas in the Winter by following the line of settlements along the valley of the Neosho or indeed by taking the old Fort Scott Road. Please let me hear from you and believe me, Yours very truly."
On April 23, 1858, from Fort Riley, Kansas Territory, W. H. Emory wrote again:
" Mathilda writes me that you have placed me under another obligation to be added to the many I owe you, by defending me against the attack of Mr. Brown on the publication of my report. She seems to think I will see it all in the papers, in which she is greatly mistaken for nothing of that kind reaches me by mail until it is old and forgotten. I can well imagine however what it was, and to fortify you and show you how innocent I am of the outrage of ordering so great a number of my reports particularly the second volume I send
COERESPONDENCE OF JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 1Y7
you herewith an extract of an official letter to the Secretary of the Interior, which you are at liberty to use as you please and which I apprehend has never been communicated or acted upon by the Secty.
" In regard to the House order I was never consulted or asked an opinion. I was before the Senate committee and I have no doubt the gentlemen of that committee then present, Mr. Fitzpatrick, Mr. Johnson and Mr. Fessenden will do me the justice to recollect that I contended for a much smaller number then the committee finally ordered. In addition I wrote to both Gov. Fitzpatrick of the Senate and Mr. Phelps of the House asking to have the number of copies of the 2d. Vol. reduced to 100.
" There was ample time to have done it, and in regard to the printing ordered by the House I am as little responsible for the order passed for the printing of the Madison papers or the Japan expedition.
" But to the extract —
(Extract) Washington, Oct. 7, 1858.
Hon. J. Thompson,
Sect of the Interior.
* It will be seen that the second volume (Mex. Bd. Kept.) in illustrations alone is an immense one but no part of it, except the sixty pages of Cactaceae, is yet printed. The work, how- ever valuable to naturalists and men of science is of no popular interest, and should be printed only for the use of societies and Savans. To supply these wants 1000 copies would be sufficient ; I therefore respectfully suggest that the subject be brought to the attention of Congress, and a modification of the present order be requested, by which the number of copies to be printed may be reduced.'
(Signed) W. H. Emory,
Major 1st Cavalry, U. S.
178 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
" Truly I have worked to little profit, accomplislied a diffi- cult work, which others had signally failed in, and within the time and greatly within the means appropriated by Congress. Then to have my Brevet withheld from me, my per diem cut down from $8 to $3, and at last to be abused in Congress for extravagance and folly. For extravagance which Congress itself has been guilty of, in the desire to fill the pockets of a damned public printer for whom I do not care the snap of a finger.
" Truly if there were not some bright and noble exceptions like yourself in our public men, this rotten system of ours would drive every honest public servant into the ranks, or into foreign service.
Truly your obliged friend
W. H. Emory.
" We have yet no definite order for Utah, and there is yet no officer out here to take the general direction of the outfit and order of march of the reinforcements to Utah. All is confusion, irresolution, and imbecility. The outfit and organization of these reinforcements is only second in its consequences to the actual delivery of the combat on the field, should these mor- mons fight."
[Note: Fitzpatrick was Benjamin Fitzpatrick, Senator from Alabama. Fessenden was William P. Fessenden from Maine. Phelps may have been William W. Phelps from Min- nesota. Col. Johnston was Albert Sidney Johnston. Col. Sum- ner was Edwin Vose Sumner, a distinguished general in the Union Army. William H. Emory was bom in Queen Anne's County in 1811, graduated from West Point in 1831, served with distinction in the Union Army during the Civil War and attained the rank of Major General of Volunteers.]
SOME EARLY COLONIAL MARYLANDEES. 179
SOME EARLY COLONIAL MARYLANDEES
McHenry Howard (Continued from Vol. XVI, p. 28.)
9. Captain Thomas Tasker.
Thomas Tasker appears to have risen — and not slowly — from a low estate to prosperity and influence in Maryland.^
On page 538 of Liber No. 17 of the Land Office, Annapolis, Record Books there is an entry that on 30 October 1673 Thomas Tasker of Calvert County proved right to flfty acres of land due to him for his term of service performed, and following this is a claim of four other persons, dated 14 September 1673, for land for service performed and an assignment of their rights to him. Whereupon a warrant issued to Thomas Tasker for 250 acres, of which 50 were for his own time of service and 200 for the assigned rights. This indication that he had not paid the expense of his own passage to Maryland and had bound himself to a term of service to reimburse it does not necessarily imply that he was not of as good a family socially in England as others who paid their way to the Colony. The first Daniel Dulany, who rose to be one of the most prominent men in Maryland, being surpassed as a lawyer only by his more dis- tinguished son, although of a good family in Ireland, is said to have narrowly escaped the necessity of indenturing himself to service on his arrival — if he did not actually do so. {Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 13, p. 20.)
Berry's Encyclopaedia Heraldica, Vol. 2, gives Tasker arms : Per pale argent and gules, three saltiers counterchanged ; Pap- worth's British Armorials, Vol. 1, page 155, gives for "Adams alias Tasker," of London, ermine, three cats passant gardant in pale azure. And these last arms are on the tomb of Col. Ben-
^ The Index of Early Settlers, 1663 to 1680, compiled in the Land Office, Annapolis, mentions a John Tasker, transported 1674, but no connection appears between them.
180 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
jamin Tasker, son of Thomas Tasker, in St. Anne's Church Circle, Annapolis.
Thomas Tasker established himself as a merchant in Calvert County and his increasing prosperity within the next ten years is evidenced by his being appointed in an Act of Assembly for Advancement of Trade, passed in 1683, one of the Commis- sioners to lay out Ports, Towns and other public places in Calvert County.^
On 30 May 1685 he was commissioned a Justice of the Peace for the County.^ And doubtless he was a Justice through many years afterwards.^
Upon the dethronement of the Catholic King James the Sec- ond in 1688 there was much unrest in the Province, with wild rumors of a plot of the Catholics, aided by the Indians, which, on an unfortunate delay of the Maryland authorities in pro- claiming the accession of the Protestant Sovereigns William and Mary, culminated in an overturning of Lord Baltimore's government by what is known in Maryland history as the Prot- estant Revolution. The leader was William Coode, a man of bad character, but the movement drew with it a large part of the Protestant population. In April, 1689, Coode and his adherents formed "An Association in Arms for the defense of the Protestant Religion and for asserting the rights of King William and Queen Mary in the Province of Maryland and all the English dominions," which took violent possession of the Province and called a Convention of delegates of the people to meet on 23 August 1689. This Convention ruled the Prov- ince for a time, but petitioned the Protestant Sovereigns, Wil- liam and Mary, to take the government into their own hands.* This they did, arbitrarily dispossessing Lord Baltimore of his political rights and only leaving to him his territorial posses- sions and personal revenues. A Royal Governor, Lionel Coj)-
' Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1678-1683, p. 609. 'Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1681-1685/6, p. 379. ^Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1693-1606/7, pp. 76, 108, and 1696/7-1698, p. 79. 'Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1684-1692, p. 231.
SOME EAKLY COLONIAL MAKYLANDEKS. 181
ley, was appointed, who arrived in Maryland in 1692, and the Province was under Royal Governors or Presidents of the Coun- cil until 1715, when, Benedict Leonard, fourth Lord Baltimore, having become a Protestant, with his children, Maryland was fully restored to the Calverts.
What part Thomas Tasker took in this Revolution is not fully known, the journals of the Associators' Convention not being extant. But on 27 March 1689 he signed a paper, with other Protestants, utterly discrediting the wild rumors of Cath- olic and Indian plots.^ And on 20 August 1689 he, with a large number of inhabitants of Calvert County, signed another paper refusing to vote for Burgesses'^ or Delegates to the Assembly or Convention about to be called by the Associators, because there was no authority or good reason for it and being confident that in a short time some one would come from Eng- land with full and lawful authority and commission to govern the Province, who would call an Assembly.^ And later in the same year he, as Justice of the Peace, with others of Calvert County, signed an Address to the King and Queen, praying them to "order such a Settlement amongst us by a Protestant Government whereby our Religion and Properties may be se- cured."® But on 4 September of the same year he had received and apparently accepted from the Associators' Convention an appointment as Captain of a foot Company in the room of Richard Smith, Junior. ^^ And he is frequently called by this military title afterwards. These papers are preserved, in the destruction of records of that period, by having been sent to England.
On his arrival in Maryland, Governor Copley summoned an Assembly to meet on 19 May 1692, and on that first day of the Session Mr. Thomas Tasker appeared as a Delegate to the
• Archives, Proceedings of the iCk)uncil 1687/8-1693, p. 86. ■" Archives, Members of the Lower House were sometimes called Burgesses, sometimes Delegates. ^Archives, Proceedings of the Council, 1687/8-1693, p. 110. ^Archives, Proceedings of the Council, 1687/8-1693, p. 144. " Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1684-1692, p. 242.
182 MAEYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
Lower House and took "the oaths appointed by Act of Parlia- ment to be taken instead of the. Oaths of Allegiance and Su- premacy." ^^ This modified oath was substituted by the Con- vention which called William and Mary to the throne in defer- ence to the tender consciences of the Jacobites. (Macaulay's History of England, Vol. 2, page 497). And the Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly and Proceedings of the Council show that he was a member of the Lower House from Calvert County until he was elevated to the Council in 1698.
One of the first acts of the Assembly of 1692 was to pass, on 2 June, "An Act for the Service of Almighty God and the Es- tablishment of the Protestant Religion within this Province," which began by prohibiting "any abuse or profanation of the Lord's Day by drunkenness. Swearing, Gaming, fowling, fish- ing, hunting or any other Sports, Pastimes or Recreations whatsoever." And it was further enacted that the Commis- sioners or Justices of each County should, with the aid of the most principall Freeholders, divide the County into Parishes, for each of which six Vestrymen should be chosen by the free- holders and by them a Church should be built (where none), and that for the support of the Minister and Church a poll tax should be levied yearly on every taxable in the Parish. ^^ A full report was made under this Act, from which it appears that Mr. Thomas Tasker was one of the Commissioners (Just- ices ?) by whom, with the principal freeholders, Calvert County was so divided on 7 February, 1692/3 into four Parishes.^^ Thus was the Toleration Act of 1649 greatly abridged and the Protestant Church of England made Ihe Established Church in Maryland and all taxables, including Catholics and Dis- senters, were taxed for its support. And in the same Session of 1692 Thomas Tasker signs an Address of the Council and Lower House to the Sovereigns William and Mary, thanking them for taking over the Province of Maryland from Lord
^'■Archives, Proceedings of tlie Assembly, 1684-1692, p. 253. ^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1684-1692, p. 425. "ArcMves, Proceedings of the Council 1687/8-1693, p. 472.
SOME EARLY COLONIAL MABYLANDEKS. 183
Baltimore and sending a Protestant Governor, and in the same Session another Address, specifically denying Lord Baltimore's claim to certain fees and emoluments. ^^ From all which it appears that while Thomas Tasker did not approve of the first violent acts of the Associators he was in sympathy with the effect of the Revolution, and in fact he stood in favor with the Protestant Government until his death.
In an Act of Assembly to enable one Burgess of each County, as a body, to lay the public levy of the Province for 1692, Mr. Thomas Tasker was named as the Burgess for Calvert County. ^^
On 28 May 1692 the Lower House had requested that in a proposed revenue bill the name of Captain Tasker should be inserted as Treasurer of the Western Shore,^^ and he is men- tioned as Treasurer in an Act passed in 1694,^"^ and often afterwards. Sometimes he is called, not quite accurately per- haps. Treasurer of the Province. ^^
On lY October 1694 he was appointed by Governor Francis Nicholson and the Council one of the Justices of the Provincial Court — ^the highest Court in the Province.^® And it may have been in connection with this appointment that on 6 October 1694 he had signed a declaration of disbelief in transubstantia- tion.^*' To be a lawyer was not a necessary, or even a usual, qualification of a Justice or Judge in early Colonial times. The Archives mention him as Justice in 1695-6-7-8. In the Libers of Maryland Archives in custody of the Maryland Historical Society, under an Act of the Legislature, in ISTo. 66 "Liber H. B. !N"o. 3" (original), on page 128, is a commission to the Just- ices of the Provincial Court, and among them Thomas Tasker, dated 13 October 1697, whereupon they took the oaths, but why this Commission, issued at this time, is not apparent. He was
'^* Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1687/8-1693, pp. 315, 360. '^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly, 1684-1692, p. 465. ^'^ Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1684-1692, p. 400. "Archives, Acts of the Assembly 1694-1729, p. 11; see also pp. 51, 52. ^Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1693-1696/7, pp. 274, 275, 288. ^* Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1693-1696/7, p. 137. '^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, p. 51.
184 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
sitting in Court the day before (page 127). But after he be- came a Member of the Council in 'March 1698/9 he does not appear in the Archives sitting in the Provincial Court, per- haps because such a position, high as it was, was beneath the exalted dignity of a Member of the Council.
On a report (which afterwards was confirmed) in 1695 of the death of Queen Mary, the Assembly, "for the Ease and Satisfaction of persons of Tender conscience in the Church of England and to take off all Reflections which may be made by our Dissenters and to obviate all pretences of the Romanists, as if we seem'd to pray for the dead," ordered that her name be omitted in all public prayers and services of the Church.^^
While a Member of the Lower House of Assembly, a Justice of the Provincial Court and Treasurer of the Western Shore — perhaps of the whole Province — Thomas Tasker was sent in 1695 by Governor l^icholson and the Assembly on an important mission to the Province of !New York. Before her death in December, 1694, Queen Mary (King William being absent in the war on the continent), in response to an appeal from Gov- ernor Benjamin Fletcher of that Province for aid in defending the frontier against French and Indian attacks, had written requiring the Colonies north of Carolina to send thither quotas of men. This was strongly opposed in Maryland and Tasker was sent to New York with a sum of money, the Assembly de- claring its inability to furnish men. His satisfactory discharge of his duties and the correspondence in this matter appears in the Archives.^^ And "the Country being already utterly desti- tute of money to pay the Soldiers now in Arms for the Defence of this Province," the Assembly in May, 1695, accepted an offer from Thomas Tasker to loan the Government 200 pounds sterling, a considerable sum at that time.^^ On the other hand,
'^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, p. 144.
'^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, pp. 143, 220, 222, 243, and Proceedings of the Coimcil 1693-1696/7, pp. 273, 274, 275, 287, 288, 331, 335 and 372.
'"Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, pp. 142, 181, 186.
SOME EARLY COLONIAL MAKYLANDEES. 185
confidence in his integrity and financial standing is shown by the Assembly's lodging in his hands in May, 1695, a special revenue,^^ and later in 1700, with four others, the money raised for building the Church in Annapolis.^^
A question having been raised and sometimes discussed whether wild horses and cattle, which had become numerous in the Province, were the property of Lord Baltimore or of the King, and on 16 May 1695 an opinion of Sir Thomas Law- rence, their Majesties' Solicitor General (in England) being read, concluding that they were ferae 7iaturae and in existence before his Lordship's Charter, "this house do say [with evident sarcasm] that Mr. Sollicitor was not well informed in relation thereto, for that there were no horses, beeves or hoggs in this Country before seated by the present Inhabitants thereof, and
that they do conceive they are in the nature of Waifes and Strayes."26
In 1695 Thomas Tasker, as Burgess for Calvert County, was again appointed one of a Committee of Burgesses to lay the next public levy;^'^ also in 1697 on a similar Committee to apportion the levy.^^ Some other minor appointments and ser- vices are referred to in the note below. ^^
In 1695 he signed two other loyal Addresses to King Wil- liam, the one on his safe return from the war on the Conti- nent,^^ and the other on his narrow escape from an assassination plot immediately following.^ ^ And in 1698 he signs a com- plimentary Address to Governor Francis ^Nicholson on his transfer to the government of Virginia.^^
'^ Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, pp. 162, 190.
'^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1700-1704, pp. 26, 70.
'^ Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, p. 184.
"^Archives, Acts of the Assembly, 1694-1729, p. 53.
'^Archives, Acts of the Assembly, 1694-1729, p. 109.
"'Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, pp. 124, 134, and Proceedings of the Council 1693-1696/7, pp. 311, 590.
^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1693-1697, p. 375.
^ Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1693-1696/7, p. 539.
^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly, 1697/8-1699, pp. 201, 276. Francis Nicholson, knighted in 1720, besides being a soldier of some
6
186 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
While Member of the Lower House and Justice of the Pro- vincial Court lie was frequently called to attend meetings of the Council when there was a small attendance of Members of that body.^^ The Governor strongly urged pay for these ser- vices, but the Lower House refused to allow it.^^
On 4 April 1698 the Council recommends to the Crown the appointment of Captain Thomas Tasker, of Calvert County, to be a member of the Council.^^ And it was probably about this time that Sir Thomas Lawrence, Baronet, Secretary of the Province,^^ in a letter quoted by Mr. Henry E. Thompson in Volume 2, page 170, of the Maryland Historical Magazine, but of which he does not give the date, in stating his estimate of the qualifications of men suggested as new Members of the
achievement, had a remarkable career as a Governor of so many Colonies at different times — New York, Virginia, Maryland, Virginia again, Acadia, South Carolina. He died in London 5 March 1728. (New British Dic- tionary of National Biography. ) In Maryland and Virginia, and probably the other Colonies, he was much interested in and promoted education, often contributing liberally from his own purse. He may be regarded as the founder of the Free School, afterwards St. John's College, Annapolis. Curiously, the arms of Francis Nicholson — a cross between four stars — are preserved on a red wax seal on page 145 of Liber H. D. No. 2, Council Records 1694-1698, of the original Maryland Archives in the custody of the Maryland Historical Society.
''Archives, Proceedings of the (Council 1696/-16&8, pp. 92, 434, 435, 510, 518, 519, 528; and 1698-1731, pp. 4, 25, 29.
^Archives, Proceedings of the Assembly 1697/8-1699, pp. 175, 192, 263.
"^Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1696/7-1698, p. 406.
*• Sir Thomas Lawrence, Knight and Baronet, was by William and Mary commissioned a Member of the Council 26 August 1691 (Proceedings of the Council 1687/8-1693, page 271), and Secretary of Maryland 5 Sep- tember 1691 (page 408). He was suspended from his oflSces of Councillor and Justice of the Provincial Court by Governor Copley on 27 March 1693 for misfeasance in office (page 482 et seq.) . But the Committee of Trade and Plantations in London on 15 September 1693 set aside the action of the Governor as premature and illegal and ordered that Lawrence be restored to his places, page 564. Se also Maryland Historical Magazine, Vol. 7, p. 326. In 1698 he returned to England, but seems to have retained his office of Secretary, his duties in Maryland being performed by a Deputy Secretary. He died about 1714 and the Baronetcy became extinct. (Burlce's Dormant and Extinct Baronetage.)
SOME EAKLY COLONIAL MARYLANDEES, 187
Council, says: "Thomas Tasker is a Planter and Merchant^''^ of good substance and esteem ; lie lives twenty miles from An- napolis on this side of Patuxent River."
Exactly when he was commissioned — it took much time to obtain a favorable action from England in those days — does not appear, but on 18 March 1698/9, at a meeting of the Council, "Mr. Frisby and Mr. Tasker take the oaths appointed by Act of Parliament instead of the oaths of Allegiance and Suprem- acy, as also the oath of Counsellors, and signed the Test and Association."^^ And the Proceedings of the Council and of the Assembly show him as regularly present at Council meetings thereafter. But his tenure of the office was brief, for while he was present on 18 July 1700, on 13 December of the same year Governor !N"athaniel Blakiston tells the Council that Thomas Tasker and two other members were "lately dead."^^ He proba- bly died in August.
It should not be omitted to refer to Thomas Tasker's interest in education in Maryland, which was so warmly and generously promoted by Governor Nicholson. In October, 1694, he (Task- er), with other Burgesses, contributed for the building of a free school in the Province and in an Act passed in the Session of July, 1696, he was appointed one of the first Trustees of the school to be founded at Annapolis, called King William's School (afterwards St. John's College), with power, if there should be sufficient revenues, to found another free school on the Eastern Shore, and after that, if practicable, to establish free schools in every County.^®
2' In the Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1696/7-1698, page 393, there is mention on 14 ]March 1697/8 of "Captain Tasker's Vessel." It was probably a vessel owned by him and used in his mercantile business with England.
^Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1698-1731, p. 55. The form of the oath instead of the oath of allegiance and supremacy will be found on page 69 of Proceedings of the Council 1687/8-1693. The Test was a decla- ration of disbelief in transubstantiation. What "Association" meant I do not know.
^"Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1698-1731, pp. 101, 112.
*• Archives, Proceedings and Acts of the Assembly 1693-1697, pp. 98, 420. See also Acts of the Assembly 1694-1729, p. 27.
188 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Whom Thomas Tasker married has not been certainly dis- covered. The late Dr. Christopher Johnston once informed the writer that in a chancery suit at Annapolis a witness testified about a time when Thomas Tasker "was courting the widow Brooke." In his article on the Tasker family in the Maryland Historical Magazine , Vol. 4, p. 191, Dr. Johnston writes, re- ferring to the same chancery case in the Land Office, I. R. No. 3 fol. 800 ff, that "he married in 16Y6 a widow, Mrs. Brooke, who died about 1695, but her identity is not further estab- lished." There may be a clue in a letter from Lord Baltimore to the Council, dated 28 September 1687, about a complaint of Mr. James Thompson of some ill treatment of his wife and "his Brother Tasker." (Archives, Proceedings of the Council 1687/8-1693, page 12). And Dr. Johnston says in his article on the Brooke family, in Vol. 1, page 72, of this magazine, that Kobert Brooke, of Calvert County, who died in 1667, married Elizabeth Thompson (sister of James Thompson), who mar- ried (2) Thomas Cosden before 1671. It seems not unlikely that she married (3) Thomas Tasker. His wife was "very sick" on 1 June 1692 (Proceedings of the Assembly 1684-1692, p. 405).
The will of "Thomas Tasker, Merchant," dated 16 March 1699-1700, and proved 31 August 1700, is recorded on page 144 of Liber T. B. of the old Prerogative Court Records (now in the Land Office, Annapolis), and a brief abstract is in Bald- win's Calendar of Maryland Wills, Vol. 2, p. 226. It leaves a large estate — lands, negroes, gold, silver plate, cash, ships and cargoes, merchandise, etc. He gives to his daughter Eliza- beth the tract "Tasker's Camp," 500 acres (in Baltimore Coun- ty?), her mother's wearing apparel and ornaments, with other property. To his son Benjamin (under 16) he gives all his plantations in and near Battaile Creek, Calvert County (now improperly spelled Battle — it was named by the Brooke family after Battaile or Battel in Sussex, England, not from a sup- posed Indian battle, as is sometimes imagined), with other prop- erty, including his share of the ship "Petuxon Merchant." He
THE CALVERT FAMILY. 189
gives his mother, "Widow Ann Tasker," ten pounds per annum for life to be paid her by Captain Keyser. (Was she in Eng- land?) All the rest of his estate he leaves to his son John. And he appoints Mr. Thomas Brook one of the guardians of his children. Elizabeth Tasker married in 1701 Colonel Thomas Addison, as shown in the Addison article of this series, Vol. 14, page 396. John Tasker's issue became extinct at the death of a grandson about 1736. Benjamin Tasker became one of the most prominent men in the Province, being a Member of the Council for thirty-two years and, as its President, Governor of Maryland 1752-3, besides filling other high ofiices. He left no living male issue of the name. He had had a son, also known as Colonel Benjamin Tasker, and who held high oflBces in the Colony, but who died unmarried before his father. It is re- markable that father and son sat together in the Council for many years. But while there are none now living of the Tasker name in Maryland, through Elizabeth Tasker Addison and the daughters of Benjamin Tasker there are many descendants. (See Dr. Johnston's article on the Tasker family in this maga- zine, "Vol. 4, page 191.)
THE CALVERT FAMILY
Part II
John Bailey Calvert I^icklin
THE UNTITLED LINE
Leonard Calvert^ (George,^ Leonard,^ John^), second son of the first Lord Baltimore, b. 1606, in England; d. June 9, 1647, in Maryland. He was Prothonotary and Keeper of the Writs in Connaught and Thomond (Ire- land) in 1621. In 1633 he was appointed by his brother, Cecil, second Lord Baltimore, Governor of Maryland,
190 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
whitlier he sailed witli his brother, George Calvert, Jr., and their fellow settlers on the "Ark" and the "Dove." He governed the Province wisely and returned to England in 1641/2 to consult with his brother, the Baron. After a lengthy visit (during which his marriage was solemnized) he returned to Maryland in 1643/4 (Giles Brent, his broth- er-in-law, having been left in charge of the Province during his absence) and continued to govern until his death four years later. While in England he had married (1642) Anne Brent (of whose life little or nothing has been found, but it would seem that she pre-deceased him), a sister of ■Mary, Giles, Eulke and "Mistress Margaret Brent," who came to Maryland in 1638. Anne Brent was a daughter of Eichard and Elizabeth (Reed) Brent of Larke Stoke and Admington in Gloucestershire and a granddaughter of Giles and Katherine (Greville) Reed of Tusburie and Witten. Thru Katherine Greville the lineage runs back to John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, sons of King Edward III, of England. Upon his death-bed Governor Leonard Calvert appointed Mar- garet Brent, his sister-in-law, executrix and attorney for his estate. He was Lord of St. Gabriel's, St. Michael's and Trinity Manors. ("Colonial Families of the United States," volume W, page 289 ; Prov. Ct. Archives, 1683, page 366 ; "Chronicles of Colonial Maryland," page 53, note).
ISSUE :
10. i. William, b. 1642/3, of whom later.
ii. Anne, b. 1644; d. c. 1714; m. (1) 1664, Baker Brooke (1628- 1679), Lord of De la Brooke Manor; m. (2), c. 1680, her cousin, Henry Brent (d. 1693) ; m. (3), c. 1694, Judge Thomas Tasker (d. 1699); m. (4), c. 1700, Richard Marsham (d. 1714). Note: The question of Anne Calvert's husbands is still perplexing, but the above account seems the most satisfactory and probable.
10. William Calvert^ (Leonard,^ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), b. in England 1642/3 ; d. in Maryland Jan. 10, 1682. He came to the Province in 1661, received a large grant of land
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 191
from his uncle (Cecil), Lord Baltimore, and inherited cer- tain property of his father, including "Governor's Fields" and the mansion-house at St. Mary's City. He was Prin- cipal Secretary of Maryland and a man of high standing. His life was cut short by drowning when he was trying to ford the swollen Wicomico Eiver in 1682. The grant of land from his uncle, the Lord Proprietory, was called "Pis- cataway Manor," 2400 acres of which he sold to Charles Egerton, Sr. His home was "Calvert's Rest," on Calvert's Bay, which is still standing. He was a member of the House of Burgesses and of the Council ; he was also Deputy Governor of the Province. In 1661/2 he married Elizabeth Stone (who survived him), eldest daughter of Governor William Stone (1603-1660) and Verlinda Cotton (d. 1675), daughter of Andrew and Joane Cotton of Bunbury, Che- shire, England, and a sister of the Rev. Dr. William Cotton of Northampton County, Va.
ISSUE: i. Charles, b. 1662; d. 1733; m. (1) 1690, Mary Howson, daughter and co-heir of Eobert Howson (or Howison) of Stafford County, Va., where he (Charles Calvert) resided for a time; m. (2) Barbara (Kirke?), daughter of Martin and Mary Kirke, of St. Mary's County, who (Mary Kirke) in her will of 1734 mentions her daughter "Barbary (sic) Calvert." She survived Charles Calvert and married, sec- ondly, Andrew Foy.
Issue by 1st m.:
1. Sarah — untraced.
2. Anne — untraced.
ii. Elizabeth, b. 1644; d. 1684; m. Dec. 20, 1681, Captain James Neale, Lord of Woolaston Manor.
Issue: 1. Mary Neale, b. 1683; d. 173—; m. (1) 1702, Charles Egerton, Jr. (d. 1703) ; m. (2) 1707, Jeremiah Adder- ton (d. 1713) ; m. (3) 1718, Joseph van Swearingen; m. (4) 1726, William Deacon.
iii. (William, b. 1666; d. ; living, 1696, in St. Mary's County.
11. iv. 'George, b. 1668, of whom later.
V. Richard, b. 1670; d. u. Nov. 11, 1718. He was of age in 1691 (see W. R. C. No. 1, page 570, Land Office, Annapolis).
192 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
According to an unverified family record, he married, in
Westmoreland County, Va., Sarah ; this record
also gives the date of his birth as 1669, and adds the fol- lowing children. (The compiler cannot vouch for this line, however.)
Issue:
1. Eobert, who emigrated to Texas (sic) and founded Calvert City.
2. John, m. Mary Calvert, dau. of Joseph and gr. dau. of Cornelius Calvert of Norfolk and Princess Anne Coun- ties, Va.
3. Francis, m. Hannah Brent; s. p.
11. George Calvert^ (William,^ Leonard,* George,* Leo- nard,2 John^), b. 1668; d. after 1739; m. c. 1690, Eliza- beth Doyne. (Two other wives have been mentioned, viz: Anne Notley and Hannah E"eale). This George Calvert has been confused with the one of the same name (born Dec. 15, 1672) who studied for the priesthood at Liege in 1692, but, at his own request, was allowed to leave the College and did not become a priest, as commonly supposed. (See Jesuit Eecords at Georgetown University).*
ISSUE:
i. Charles, b. 1691.
12. ii. John, b. c. 1692, of whom later.
iii. George, living (1761) in Prince William County, Va. iv. James (?).
V. Elizabeth,
vi. William, vii. Thomas (?).
12. John Calvert'^ (George,® William,^ Leonard,* George,* Leonard,^ John^), b. c. 1692, in Maryland; d. 1739, in Prince William County, Va. He was granted land (across the Potomac Eiver from the family seat in Maryland) in Prince William County, Va., July 16, 1724 (See Deed Book D, pages 47-8 and 141-3, Manassas, Va.). He m.
*(Prov. Ct. Archives, 1683, p. 366; "Chronicles of Colonial Mary- land," p. 53, note.)
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 193
c. 1711, Elizabeth Harrison (supposedly the daughter of Benjamin Harrison III, of Virginia.)
13.
|
ISSTJE: |
|
|
i. |
George, b. 1712; of whom later. |
|
ii. |
Thomas, b. 1714; m. 1734, Sarah Harrison, |
|
iii. |
Burr, m. Adah Fairfax. |
|
iv. |
Cecilius. |
|
V. |
William. |
|
vi. |
Obed (?). |
|
vii. |
Elizabeth. |
13. Geokge Calvert, Jr.^ (John,''^ George,^ William,^ Leonard,^ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), b. 1Y12; d. May 19, 1782, in Culpeper County, Va. (whither he had moved from Prince William County before the Revolutionary War). After the death of Frederick, sixth and last Lord Baltimore, in 1771, he was the next heir to the title, but he never put forth a claim and soon after cast in his lot with the revolting Colonies. He lived at "Deep Hole Farm," Prince William County, across the Potomac River (on which it was situ- ated) from Maryland; he died at "The Horse Shoe," in Culpeper County. When Benedict Arnold invaded the Valley of Virginia in 1781 he was called to the colors and commissioned Captain of a Company of Militia in Cul- peper County by Thomas Jefferson, then Governor of Vir- ginia, on May 19, 1781, his original commission (signed by Jefferson) being in the possession of the writer of this article. He m. (1) c. 1740, Anne Crupper, a sister of Gil- bert Crupper of Prince William County, Trooper in the French and Indian War; m. (2) 1779, Mary Deatherage (d. 1810), widow of Robert Deatherage (d. 1777) and daughter of Francis and Susannah (Dabney) Strother, of St. Mark's Parish, Culpeper County.
ISSTJE, BY FIRST M. :
John, b. 1742, of whom later. George, b. 1744, of whom afterward.
Jane, b. 1746; d. ; m. (1) c. 1768, Captain John Mad-
dox, R. N.; m. (2) John Settle; m. (3) Grymes.
|
14. |
i. |
|
17. |
ii. |
|
iii. |
194 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Issue by 1st m. :
1. Jane Maddox, b. 1770.
2. Mary Maddox, b. 1772; d. 1816; m. 1789, William Deatherage.
3. Sarah Maddox, b. 1774.
Issue by 2nd m.: 1. John Calvert Settle, m. 1806, Sarah Turner.
Issue:
(1) Jane Settle, m. her cousin, George Thorne (q. v.). iv. Lydia, b. 1748; m. Archibald Bigbee.
V. Sarah, b. 1749; m. Rookard.
vi. Anne, b. 1751; d. 1822; m. 1766, Captain William Lindsay (d. 1792) of "Colchester," Prince William County, and "Laurel Hill," Culpeper County, Va.
ISSUE BY SECOND M. :
i. Mary, b. 1780; d. 1809; m. 1805, Nicholas Thorne.
Issue:
1. George Thorne, b. 1806; m. his cousin, Jane Settle (q.v.).
2. Mary Thorne, b. 1808.
14. John Calvert^ (George,^ Jolm,'^ George,^ William,^ Leonard,^ George, =^ Leonard,^ Jolmi), b. 1742; d. 1790. He lived both in Maryland and Virginia; he married in the former state and died in the latter. He was Captain in the Revolution among the Virginia Forces (like his father and brother). Washington, Culpeper (now Rappahan- nock) County, was laid out upon his land in 1796-7. (See Hening's "Statutes at Large," vol. 15, page 30). He m. (1), 1765, Sarah Bailey (who lived only a few years) ; m. (2) 1772, Hellen Bailey (sister of his first wife), who sur- vived him. They were daughters of John Bailey (d. 1789) of "Hunting Ridge," Baltimore County, Md., and Helen New- some (Nussum) (d. 1801) ; and granddaughters of George Bayley (d. 1754) of that county (whose seal shows the crest of the Bay leys of ISTorthallerton, Yorkshire). The wife of this George Bayley was Sarah Maclane, daughter of Hec- tor Maclane (d. 1722) of Baltimore County and grand- daughter of Hector Maclane of St. Mary's County and his
THE CALVERT FAMILY. 195
wife, Sarah Morgan, daugliter of Captain Thomas Morgan (d. 1697) of that county.
ISSUE BY FIRST M. :
15. i. Cecilius, b. Dec. 29, 1767, of whom later, ii. Henrietta, b. 1769; m. Birch; s. p.
ISSUE BY SECOND M.:
i. iSarah, b. 1774; d. s. p.; m. 1803, John Heaton.
ii. Anne, b. 1776; d. s. p. 1848; m. 1799, Captain David J. Coxe.
21. iii. Elizabeth, b. 1777, of whom later.
iv. Hannah, b. 1778; d. 1861; m. 1793, John Jett.
V. QDelia, b. 1780; d. u. 1873.
vi. Gettie, b. 1785; d. 1816; m. 1801, Gabriel Smither.
15. Ceciliijs Calvert^^ (John,^ George,^ John,*^ George,^ William,^ Leonard,^ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), b. Dec. 29, 1767, in Baltimore County, Md. ; d. in Missouri, Feb. 14, 1852. He was baptized at old St. Paul's Church, Balti- more, on Dec. 31, 1767 (see Register of St. Paul's Parish in the Maryland Historical Society). He moved to Vir- ginia with his father and there, in Culpeper County, mar- ried, in 1797, his first cousin, Nancy Beck Calvert (1773- 1835) (q. v.), daughter of George and Lydia Beck (Ralls) Calvert (q. v.). He moved with his family to Kentucky and later to Missouri, where he died.
ISSUE : i. John, b. April 29, 1799; d. u. March 15, 1846. ii. George, b. April 25, 1802; d. April 29, 1865; m. 1835, Willie Anne Woods.
Issue :
1. John Strother, b. 1836; d. 1886.
2. George Washington, b. 1838; d. 1913.
3. Benjamin Franklin, b. 1840, of Willows, Calif.
4. Sarah Anne, b. 1842; m. her cousin, Samuel Ralls Cal- vert ( q. V. ) .
16. iii. ZiBA, b. Aug. 31, 1804; of whom later.
iv. iSarah Anne, b. July 24, 1810; m. James Wood.
V. Elizabeth, b. June 6, 1812; d. 1850; m. Elijah Pepper.
vi. Gabriel, b. Jan. 27, 1814; d. Nov. 3, 1898.
16. ZiBA Calveet^^ (iCecilius,^^ John,^ George,^ John,'^ George,® William," Leonard,^ George,^ Leonard,^ John^),
196
MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
b. Culpeper County, Va., Aug. 31, 1804; d. Warren Town- ship, Missouri, Oct. 11, 1886 ; he lived in Bourbon County, Ky., when a child and later moved to Marion County, Mo., and m. Dec. 24, 1834, Mary Ferguson (1811-1875).
16a. i. James Madison, b. May 29, 1836; of whom later, ii. Emily, b. Sept. 29, 1837. iii. America Virginia, b. June 4, 1840.
iv. Samuel Rails, b. Nov. 28, 1841; d. Sept. 24, 1882; m. Oct. 28, 1869, his cousin, Sarah Anne Calvert (1842-1899) (q, v.).
Issue : 1. Elizabeth, b. May 3, 1871. 2! Albert, b. Aug. 31, 1873.
3. Jacob, b. Jan. 12, 1877.
4. iSamuel, b. July 30, 1880; d. Feb. 14, 1890.
V. John Quincy, b. April 4, 1845; m. Jan. 7, 1877, his cousin, Elvira Calvert ( q. v. ) .
Issue :
1. Bernard Carson.
2. Mary Elizabeth, d. April 7, 1889.
3. Charles Leonard.
4. Sarah Virginia.
5. Emily Catherine.
6. Lillie May.
7. Susan Gertrude.
vi. Mary Anne, b. Jan. 14, 1848; d. May 12, 1868; m. Dec. 19, 1866, James W. Sharp.
Issue: 1. Mary Anne Sharp, b. April 17, 1868; m. Aug. 28, 1888, Taylor Mason Donley, vii. Sarah Elizabeth, b. Sept. 15, 1851; m. Nov. 4, 1885, William D. Head.
Issue: 1. Calvert Head, b. April 19, 1888. viii. Ziba Milton; b. Jan. 10, 1857; unmarried.
16a.JAMEs Madison Calveet^^ (Ziba,^^ Cecilius,^*^ John,^ George,^ John,''^ George,^ William,^ Leonard,^ George,^ Leonard,^ John'), b. May 29, 1836 ; m. (1) April 29, 1875, Mary Malisa Taylor (1850-1877) ; m. (2) April 11, 1880, Catherine Ann Taylor, a sister of his first wife. James Madison Calvert is a prominent farmer of Hunnewell, Mis- souri, and his family records have been of much assistance in the compilation of this sketch.
THE CALVERT FAMILY. 197
ISSUE, BT FIRST M. :
i. Jacob Tipton, b. March 27, 1877. ii. Alonzo PuUiam, twin to Jacob Tipton, b. March 27, 1877.
ISSUE, BY SECOND M. :
i. Dau., b. Dec. 29, 1886; d. Dec. 31, 1886. ii. Catherine Anne, b. Feb. 4, 1892; d. May 12, 1914.
17. Geokge Calveet^ (George,^ John,''' George,® William,-'' Leonard,* George,^ Leonard,^ John^), second son of George and Anne (Crupper) Calvert of "Deep" Hole Farm," was b. Feb. 6, 1744 ; d. in Culpeper County, May 22, 1821. He was a Captain in the War of the Revolu- tion and made his home in Culpeper County while his brother lived in Maryland. He m., Feb. 7, 1764, Lydia Beck Ralls.
ISSUE:
18. i. Ralls, b. Oct. 9, 1767, of whom later.
ii. Margaret, b. 1770; m. 1794, John Adams.
Issue:
1. Mariah Adams, m. 1816, her cousin Nimrod Hambrick, Jr. (q. v.).
2. Elizabeth Adams, m. 1822, Lewis David Massie.
Issue : (1) Margaret Elizabeth Massie, m. 1843, her cousin Oli- ver Hazard Perry Smith (q. v.).
Issue :
(a) Mary Elizabeth Frances Smith, b. April 30, 1845; d. March 18, 1913; m. 1869, David Steele.
(b) John Perry Smith, b. April 29, 1847; m. 1881, Frances Bell.
(c) Anna Melvina Smith, b. May 25, 1849; m. Jan.
16, 1875, John Hangar Rush, great-grandson of Dr. Benjamin Rush, Signer of the Declaration of Independence.
(d) Lewis Edward Smith, b. 1851; d. July 31, 1914; m. 1878, Clara Weir.
(e) Robert Issachar Smith, b. 1857; d. 1863.
(f) Virginia Emma Smith, b. June 5, 1855; d. Sept. 8, 1909; m. Dec, 8, 1886, Samuel McClure. (g) William Bernard Smith, b. 1858; d. 1859.
198 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
(2) Mary Virginia Massie.
(3) John William Massie, m. Mary Cloud.
(4) Thomas Bernard Massie, m. Margaret Bragg. 20. iii. George, b. 1771, of whom afterward.
iv. Anne ("Nancy") Beck, b. 1773; d. May 18, 1835 j m. 1797,
her cousin, Cecilius Calvert (q. v.) . V. John, b. 1775; m. 1804, Anne Askin. vi. Lydia, b. 1777; m. 1794, George Wheeler, vii. Elizabeth, b. 1779; m. 1800, Charles Williams, viii. Catherine, b. March 25, 1781; d. Oct. 20, 1852; m. (1) 1801, Henry Green; m. (2) 1809, Jacob Mathews. ix. Hannah, b. 1783; m. 1805, Peter Link. X. Jane, b. 1785; d. Nov. 8, 1804; m. 1804, George Graver, xi. Sarah, b. 1786; d. 1856; m. 1803, John Kaylor (1784-1866). from whom descends Mrs. Vera L. Cutwater, of Kansas City, Mo., whose valuable records have contributed towards this article, xii. Cecilius, b. 1789; U. S. Army, 1814, 16th Virginia Kegiment of Militia, xiii. Mariah, b. 1791; m. (1) 1808, Jacob Myers; m. (2) Nim- rod Hambrick. The son by the second marriage was Nimrod Hambrick, Jr., who married his cousin, Mariah Adams (q. v.).
18. Ealls Calvert^*' (George,® George,^ Jolin,'^ George,® Wil- liam,^ Leonard,^ George,^ Leoiiard,^ John^), b. Oct. 9, 1767, iCulpeper County, Va. ; d. June 29, 1815, in Culpeper County, where lie lived all his life. His home was Wash- ington, where he was Postmaster, and there he died. He m., Nov. 15, 1790, Mary Wade Strother, daughter of Cap- tain John and Anne (Strother) Strother, granddaughter of John and Mary Willis (Wade) Strother of "Wadefield," and great-granddaughter of Francis and Susannah (Dab- ney) Strother of St. Mark's Parish, Culpeper County (whose daughter, Mary, widow of Robert Deatherage, it will be remembered, was the second wife of George Calvert of "Deep Hole Farm."
ISSUE: i. Jeremiah Strother, b. Sept. 10, 1791; d. April 18, 1867; m. April 8, 1816, Priscilla Smither (1796-1888).
Issue: 1. Mary Anne, b. Jan. 16, 1817; m. Oct. 31, 1845, James C. Watkins, at Bolton, Ala.
THE CALVERT FAMILY. 199
2. Sarah Hunt, b. May 9, 1819; d. April 2, 1833.
3. Eliza Jane, b. Oct. 18, 1821; d. Dec. 15, 1821.
4. iKatberine Kennerly, b. Jan. 21, 1823; m. Feb. 2, 1846, Colonel Thomas D. Johnston, at Seguin, Texas.
5. James Lockhart, b. Sept. 19, 1825; killed during Civil War; m. Frances Tabor.
6. Susan Sophia, b. Feb. 2, 1827; m. Feb. 2, 1847, Colonel John Coffee Hays ("The Texas Ranger"), at Seguin, Texas.
7. Samuel Ralls, b. July 21, 1831.
8. Elizabeth Priscilla, b. Dee. 7, 1832; m. April 6, 1853, John Twohis; s. p.
9. William Lancelot Strother, b. Jan. 21, 1835; killed dur- ing Civil War.
10. Martha Frances, b. June 26, 1837; m. Dev. 19, 1854, Alfred Shelby, of Kentucky.
11. Edward Pendleton, b. Aug. 15, 1840.
ii. Anne Strother, b. Aug. 15, 1793; d. Nov. 1, 1861; m. (1) 1811, Issachar Smith (1784-1819) ; m. (2) 1823, Henry Spill-
er (1791-1842).
Issue by 1st m. :
1. John Ralls Smith, b. Feb. 18, 1812; m. Feb. 16, 1837, Lucy Anne Allen.
2. Mary Catherine Smith, b. Dec. 30, 1813; m. Aug. 4, 1836, John Rudacill.
3. Oliver Hazard Perry Smith, b. March 10, 1815; d. Jan. 8, 1887; m. March 10, 1843, his cousin, Margaret Eliza- beth Massie (q. v.).
4. Elizabeth Smith, b. March 4, 1818; m. Feb. 10, 1844, Enoch Brown.
19. iii. 'Geoege, b. Oct. 20, 1795, of whom later, iv. Lydia Beck. V. Martha, vi. Patsey.
vii. John Strother, Major Tenth Virginia Regiment, C. S. A.; father of the late Judge George Ralls Calvert of New Mar- ket, Va., who left many notes of the Calvert Family, viii. Edward, m. Mary Frances Jenlcins. ix. Ralls. X. Mary.
xi. Katharine Kennerly, m. Hollingsworth.
xii. Lucy, d. 1848; m. 1844, James Leake Powers (1799-1889), whose first wife was her cousin, Martha Anne Nicklin (q. v.), daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Calvert) Nicklin.
19. George Caevert^^ (Ealls,^® George,^ George,^ John,"
200 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
George,^ William,^ Leonard/ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), b. Oct. 20, 1795; d. Sept. 23, 1871; m. May 11, 1819, Elizabeth Lovell Can (1802-1874), daughter of Joseph and Delia (Strother) Carr.
ISStJE:
i. Olivia Jane, b. March 16, 1820; d. April 28, 1881; m. Wil- liam Chamblin. ii. Anna Maria, b. Dec. 2, 1821; d. Feb. 7, 1900; m. April 7, 1840, Dr. Samuel Keerl Jackson of Norfolk., son of the Rev. Dr. Edward Jackson.
Issue:
1. Edward Calvert Jackson, b. 1841; Upperville, Va.
2. William Congreve Jackson, b. 1843; d. 1861.
3. Anna Maria Jackson, b. 1845; d. 1897; m. Robert J. Tucker of Bermuda and Virginia.
4. Henry Melville Jackson, b. July 28, 1849; d. May 4, 1900; Bishop Coadjutor of Alabama and a brilliant preacher. He m. (1) July 24, 1873, Rebecca Lloyd, daughter of John and Eliza Armistead (Selden) Lloyd; m. (2) April 21, 1880, Violet Lee Pace, daughter of James Baker and Elizabeth (Neale) Pace; m. (3) April 17, 1895, Caroline Toney Cochrane, daughter of Judge John and Caroline (Toney) Cochrane.
5. Churchill Calvert Jackson, b. 1850; d. 1897; m. Eliza- beth Wilson.
Issue:
1. Anna Calvert Jackson, m. James Burr Warwick.
2. William Congreve Jackson, m. Marguerite Kemp of Baltimore.
6. Olive Caldwell Jackson, b. 1857; m. Francis Taliaferro Stribling; s. p.
7. Marshall Parks Jackson, b. 1860; d. 1907; m. Josephine Ross.
8. George Calvert Jackson, b. 1862; d. i.
iii. Amanda Carr, b. Nov. 18, 1823; d. u. Jan. 24, 1904.
iv. Joseph Carr, b. June 8, 1825; d. s. p. Aug. 18, 1892.
V. Robert Singleton, b. Sept. 13, 1829; d. May 23, 1830.
vi. Caldwell Carr, b. Jan. 28, 1831; d. Sept. 14, 1909; m. June 25, 1879, Mary Landon Armistead Rosser, daughter of Jo- seph Travis and Mary Walker (Armistead) Rosser.
Issue:
1. Mary Rosser, b. 1882.
2. Landon Ralls, b. May 26, 1884.
3. Elizabeth Lovell, b. 1886; d. i.
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 201
20. Geokge Calvekt^*' (George,^ George,^ John,''^ George,* William,^ Leonard,* George,^ Leonard,^ Jolm^), second son of George and Lydia Beck (Ealls) Calvert of Culpeper
County, was b. 1771; d. ; m. Oct. 19, 1809, Anne
(Jennings) Norman.
ISSUE:
i. Sarah Anne, m. Thompson.
ii. Benjamin, m. Amanda Hunniman. iii. Samuel Ralls, iv. George Edward, b. 1820; d. 1907; m. 1846, Mary Frances
Hughes.
Issue:
1. Thomas Hughes, d. s. p.
2. Mary Virginia, m. William Hand (1826-1910).
3. Cecil, m. Wagner.
4. Walter.
5. John Ralls, m. Jane Portlow.
6. Anne Frances, m. Charles H. Rosson.
7. George (the eleventh of that name).
8. Mathew James Preston Hughes, b. 1857; d. 1907; m.
Anne B. Mosby.
Issue : (1) Bernard Yancey. V. Elizabeth, m. George Bstes. vi. Jesse, vii. John Jett.
21. Elizabeth Calveet^*^ (Jolin,^ George,^ John,*^ George,® William,^ Leonard,* George,^ Leonard,^ John^), third (and eventually eldest) daughter and co-heiress of John and Hellen (Bailey) Calvert of "Hunting Eidge," Baltimore County, Md., and "Poplar Grove," Culpeper County, Va., was b. Feb. 21, 1777, in Maryland; d. Dec. 15, 1833, in Virginia. She m., Jan. 7, 1802, in Culpeper County, Va., Dr. Joseph Nicklin (1776-1853), Surgeon in the War of 1812 and son of Joseph and Martha (Richards) Nicklin of Chester County, Pa., and Frederick County, Va. He was later a member of the House of Delegates and a well-known physician.
ISSUE:
22. i. John Bailey Nickun I, b. Feb. 23, 1803, of whom later, ii. Joseph Marshall Nicklin, b. April 21, 1805; d. s. p. March 7
202 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
10, 1846; m. 1830, Mary Newton Lane, daughter of George Steptoe and Elizabeth Taliaferro (Stribling) Lane and first cousin to Harriet (Lane) Johnstone; also cousin to Lucy Ware (Webb) Hayes, wife of President Hayes. Joseph Marshall Nicklin had in his possession the parchment tree of the Calverts when his office and all its contents (includ- ing this tree) were destroyed by fire nearly a century ago.
iii, Levi Orme Connor Nicklin, b. Feb. 18, 1807; d. July 24, 1876; m. Dec. 18, 1832, Margaretta Shriver. Their son, Cecilius Calvert Nicklin (1838-1863) was killed in the Civil War.
iv. Martha Anne Nicklin, b. Dec. 18, 1809; d. March 25, 1843; m. May 27, 1837, James Leake Powers (1799-1889), who afterwards, surviving her, married her cousin, Lucy Calvert (q. v.). Her daughter, Miss Martha Anne Nicklin Powers, inherited many heirlooms and has furnished much assistance in the preparation of this article. She lives in the old home at Washington, Va.
V. Jacob Richards Nicklin, b. Aug. 20, 1811; d. July 11, 1887; Colonel, C. S. A.; m. (1) 1843 Susan Eastham; m. (2) Oct. 24, 1855, Susan Maria Hunter. Their daughter, Mrs. H. J. Beagen of Chester, Pa., has also assisted in the preparation of this sketch.
vi. William Henry Harrison Nicklin, b. June 13, 1813; d. Nov.
11, 1881; m. May 1, 1838, Mary Jane Nelson.
22. John Bailey ISTicklin I^^ (Elizabetli Calvertj^** John,'^ George,* Jolm/ George,^ William,^ Leonard/ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), b. Culpeper County, Va., Feb. 23, 1803; d. Franklin, Pa., Oct. 22, 1891 ; m. at "Locust Grove," Jef- ferson County, Va., March 23, 1830, Catharine Thornton Pendleton (1806-1874), only daughter of Benjamin Pen- dleton (1781-1853), and Elizabeth Strother (1784-1822), daughter of Benjamin Strother (1750-1807) of "Park For- rest," Jefferson County, Va. (He was a Midshipman in the Revolutionary Navy and later served in the Land Forces). Catharine Thornton (Pendleton) Nicklin was a great-grandniece of the distinguished Judge Edmund Pen- dleton (1721-1803).
ISSTIE:
i. Benjamin Strother Nicklin, b. Oct. 8, 1831; d. Aug. 17, 1873; m. Oct. 25, 1853, Sarah White Hersey. He was Cap- tain, U. S. A., 1861-65.
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 203
1904, the Countess Elsa von Moltke. V. Samuel Church Nicklin, b. Feb. 18, 1840; d. Sept. 29, 1911; m. Sept. 7, 1865, Harriet Utley. 23. vi. John Bailey Nickun II, b. Aug. 5, 1843, of whom later.
ii. Elizabeth Catherine Nicklin, b. Nov. 29, 1833; d. Sept. 10, 1910; m. Jan. 9, 1851, Espy Connoly. iii. Martha Virginia Nicklin, b. March 9, 1836; d. May 22, 1838. iv. Mary Marshall Nicklin, b. Jan. 19, 1838; d. May 28, 1921; m. March 15, 1871, John Nelson Emery.
Issue :
1. .Joseph Emery, b. June 24, 1868; d. Aug. 11, 1868.
2. Mary Virginia Emery, b. Nov. 1, 1869; m. Aug. 22, 1899, Paul Browne Patterson.
3. Frederick Strother Emery, b. Aug. 6, 1874; m. Aug. 23, vii. Lucy Crane, b. April 25, 1846; d. Oct. 2, 1846.
viii. Laura Pendleton Nicklin, b. Sept. 5, 1848; d. April 10, 1872; m. 1870, Dr. Charles B. Ansart. ix. William Fuller Nicklin, b. March 11, 1852; d. Feb. 18, 1858.
23. John Bailey I^icklin IP^ (John Bailey Nicklm,^^ Eliza- beth. Calvert^*^, John,^ George,* John,'' George,^, William,^ Leonard,* George,^ Leonard,^ John^), b. Allegheny City, Pa., August 5, 1843 ; d. Chattanooga, Tenn., May 6, 1919 ; Private, Company "K," 100th Pennsylvania Regiment ("Roundheads") ; Drum Major, 55th Pennsylvania Regi- ment, 1861-65. Settled in Chattanooga, Feb. 26, 1866, and resided there until his death. Mayor of Chattanooga ISST' 89 ; President Board of Education, 1893 ; President South- ern (Baseball) League 1901 ; 33rd Degree Scottish Rite Mason; Grand Commander, K. T., etc.; m. Sept. 6, 1871, at Chattanooga, Eliza Kaylor, eldest daughter of Daniel Pringle Kaylor (1827-1898) of ITew York and Chatta- nooga, by his first wife, Sarah McBryde (1827-1873), daughter of Henry and Mary (Whitfield) McBryde of Ire- land and Canada.
Benjamin Patten Nicklin, Colonel, Infantry, U. S. A., Camp Benning, Ga.; b. Jan. 24, 1873; m. Manila, P. I., Oct. 31, 1910, Margaret Anne Peele Hayes, daughter of James and Ida Helen (Soothoff) Hayes; s. p. Dwight Pendleton Nicklin, b. March 22, 1875; m. June 15,
204 MAEYLAND HISTOBICAL MAGAZINE.
1905, Daisy Hope Harrison, daughter of Major-General Wil- liam Cole Harrison C. V. (great-great-grandson of Benjamin Harrison, Governor of Virginia and Signer of the Declara- tion of Independence) and Mary Jane Lattner; s. p.
iii. iSamuel Strang (''Sammy Strang") Nicklin, b. Dec. 16, 1876; Captain, Infantry, World War; President Chattanooga Baseball Club, 1919-20-21.
iv. John Bailey Calvert Nicklin, b. Dec. 17, 1891; Lieutenant, World War; member: Maryland Historical, Ark and Dove, Colonial Wars, Sons of the American Revolution, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Military Order of Foreign Wars, Am- erican Clan Gregor and National Geographic Societies; Am- erican Legion, etc.; compiler of numerous historical and genealogical sketches.
N'oTE — Obed Calvert (q. v.) is ancestor of tlie Hon. Jesse B. Calvert of Macomb, 111. The line is as follows: Obed Cal- vert, b. c. 1720; Jesse Calvert, b. c. 1742, Maryland; d. Manas- sas, Va. ; James, b. c. 1767 ; Jesse, b. Anne Arundel County, Md., 1793; d. Savannah, Mo., 1878; George, 1832-1890; Jesse B. Calvert, 1868 .
The compiler has examined (or had examined) the court records at La Plata, Leonardtown, Baltimore, Marlborough and Annapolis, Md. ; Manassas, Culpeper, Fairfax, Orange and Stafford, Va. Besides the foregoing authorities, the family records of the compiler have furnished the chief material for this sketch, as well as those of other members of the family.
EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GALLERY COMMITTEE OF THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY
The last annual Report of the Gallery Committee enumerated a vast number of gifts and deposits received by the Society during the year.
The most important acquisition by the Society was the col- lection of Confederate relics owned by the iConfederate Sol- diers' Home at Pikesville; this fine collection was presented
EEPORT OF THE GALLEEY COMMITTEE. 205
through the efforts of Mr. James K. Wheeler, President of the Confederate Home, and Mr. David Ridgely Howard, who has always taken an active interest in the institution.
All of the articles were given to the Society with the excep- tion of a camp chair that was used by General Kobert E. Lee ; this did not belong to the Confederate Home but its ovsmer, Mrs. C. E. Quartley, deposited it with the Society, notwith- standing the fact that five thousand dollars was offered for it by a ISTew York collector.
The Confederate relics are too numerous to mention and include several portraits and crayon likenesses of distinguished officers of the Confederate Army and 'NaYj.
Among the relics is a case of Confederate uniforms worn by Maryland officers, a case containing side arms and interest- ing relics such as flints issued to the Confederate soldiers, etc. A number of fine engravings depicting battles and skirmishes, muster rolls, etc.
At the present time these articles are deposited in the Civil War Room, the fire proof room that was formerly used as the general office.
Largely through the interest and generosity of Mr. David Ridgely Howard, a fund has been collected and turned over to the Maryland Historical Society amounting to about one thousand dollars to be invested and the interest therefrom, to be used in taking care of the Confederate relics received from the Confederate Home. This fund was contributed by several gentlemen who served in the Confederate Army and will be augmented by other contributions.
It may be interesting to mention that Maryland furnished to the Confederate Service three Major Generals, twelve Brig- adier Generals, two Admirals, and seventeen general officers.
The Gallery Committee suggested that a broadside should be printed by the Maryland Historical Society and kept for distribution among its members and friends, setting forth the
206 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
character of articles acceptable to the Society; in substance as follows:
First : Portraits by celebrated early artists such as Hesselius, Copley, Trumbull, Gilbert Stuart, Charles Willson Peale, Ben- jamin West, Sully, Rembrandt Peale or Jarvis.
Second: Portraits by lesser artists, of men distinguished in early Maryland or American history.
Third: Articles belonging to early Americans, particularly, early Marylanders, distinguished in military or civil life, such as commissions, side-arms, etc.
Fourth : Portraits of General Officers from Maryland in the Civil War and articles of rare interest relating to the Civil War.
Fifth: Unique examples of old foreign or colonial silver owned by Marylanders and examples of Maryland silver made before 1820.
Sixth: Rare old prints and wood cuts relating to the early history of this country, particularly relating to Maiyland or the City of Baltimore.
In rare instances, the Society will accept early examples of fine furniture, particularly if it had been the property of men distinguished in the military or civil life of Maryland.
The Maryland Historical Society will not accept anything simply because it is old, an accepted article must either be unique or intrinsically valuable or valuable because of the historical interest associated with it.
The Society will not receive any articles unless they are favorably passed upon by the respective committees to which the proposed gift is referred.
In addition to this should be added the character of books, manuscripts, etc., acceptable to the Library Committee.
Vol. XVI SEPTEMBER, 1921 No. 3
MARYLAND
HISTORICAL
MAGAZINE
PUBLISHED BY
THE MARYLAND fflSTORICAL SOCIETY
ISSUED QUARTERLY
.ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTtON.$3.00-SINGLENVHBEBS,75cTS.,
BALTIMORE
FORM OF BEQUEST
"/ give and bequeath to The Maryland Historical Society the sum of. dollars "
ARCHIVES OF MARYLAND
Published, by a\atliority ot the State
VOLUME XL
This volume is ready for distribution and contains the Acts and Proceedings of the General Assembly of the Province, during the Sessions held from 1737 to 1740. During this period, Samuel Ogle was Governor and he met difficult situations with tact and firmness. It was a time of dissension between the two Houses and Sessions were often dissolved without any laws being passed.
At the Session held in April and May 1737, Benjamin Tasker was President of the Upper House and James Harris, Speaker of the Lower one. It was the third Session of the Assembly elected in 1734 and was a rather peaceful one. Addresses to the King and the Prince of Wales were adopted on account of the marriage of the latter. The Upper House refused to pass the Journal of Accounts, because the Lower one would not appropriate money for the Chief Justice of the Provincial Court. There are signs of the settlement of the " remote and back part of the Province." The growing grain trade is shown by a vote to permit inhabitants, who were not tobacco- makers, to pay in specie instead of in tobacco.
In August 1737, a very great drought caused a brief Session to prohibit the exportation of grain. The Pennsylvania border troubles took up some time. Richard Tilghman became President of the Council.
A new Assembly met in 1738 and a childish quarrel arose, in which the Lower House stood upon its dignity because of the manner in which a message from the Upper House was sent. Consequently, no laws were passed. Colonel John Mackall was Speaker and Matthew Tilghman Ward, President of the Upper House. Some of the officials in Dorchester and Talbot had to answer charges of oppression and extortion before the Lower House.
In 1739, a new Assembly held a session and again passed no laws. The Lower House again showed itself irritable and irascible and also refused, as usual, to pass a perpetual law as to fees. The Delegates finally refused to continue the temporary laws and Ogle refused to sign any laws passed, lest the meeting should become a Session and then terminate these laws.
A third new Assembly met early in 1740 and managed to pass one law for the raising of troops to serve in the war between England and Spain. The Lower House chose Philip Hammond of Anne Arundel County as Speaker and showed itself very much afraid that it should be overruled by the Upper one. It also adopted an address to the King, reciting grievances, and was insistent upon a claim to have an agent appointed in England.
It is expected that volume XLI will continue the Judicial Business of the Provincial Court from 1658, being the third volume of the Court Report Series.
THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY
INCORPORATED 1843.
OFFICERS.
President,
W. HALL HARRIS.
Vice-Presidents,
HENRY STOCKBRIDGE, DbCOURCY W. THOM,
VAN LEAR BLACK.
Corresponding Secretary, Recording Secretary,
J. APPLETON WILSON, GEORGE L. RADCLIFFE.
Treasurer, HEYWARD E. BOYCE.
THE COUNCIL.
The Geneeal Officers
AND RePBESENTATIVES OF STANDING COMMITTEES:
CLINTON L. RIGGS, Representing the Trustees of the Athenaeum.
JOHN M. VINCENT, RICHARD M. DUVALL, PHILLIPS L. GOLDSBOROUGH, McHENRY HOWARD, RUXTON M. RIDGELY, JAMES McC. TRIPPE, BERNARD B. BROWNE, M. D.
Committee on Publication. Committee on the Library. Committee on Finance. Committee on Membership. Committee on the Gallery. Committee on Addresses. Committee on Genealogy.
1866. 1892. 1909. 1915. 1916. 1916. 1916.
1919. 1920.
BENEFACTORS OF THE SOCIETY.
GEORGE PEABODY, Gift, $20,000
J. HENRY STICKNEY, Bequest, .... 1,000
ISAAC F. NICHOLSON, Gift, 1,000
MENDES COHEN, Bequest, .... 5,000
ISAAC HENRY FORD, Bequest, .... 1,000
ISAAC TYSON NORRIS, Gift, 1,000
MRS. MARY WASHINGTON KEYSER,
Gift of the buildings and grounds of the Society. MISS ELEANOR S. COHEN, . . Historical Relics and $300 HON. HENRY STOCKBRIDGE, . Gift, .... 1,000
CONTENTS.
Page
The Baltimore County " Gabbison " and the Old Gaebison
Roads. Pabt II. William B. Marye, 207
The Life of Thomas Johnson. Edward 8. Delaplaine, • - 260
Notes fbom the Early Records of Maryland. Jane Baldwin
Cotton, 279
Catonsville Biogbaphies. George C. Keidel, .... 299
The Calvebt Family. Pabt III. John Bailey Calvert NicTclin, • 313
Committee on Publications
SAMUEL K. DENNIS, Chairman. JOHN M. VINCENT, BERNARD C. STEINER.
LOUIS H. DIELMAN, Editor.
MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE
Vol. XVI. SEPTEMBER, 1921. No. 3
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY "GARRISON" AND THE OLD GARRISON ROADS
William B. Marye
Part II Theory of the Seneca Indian Road
When we try to trace the course of the rangers' road which ran west from the Garrison to the Great Falls of Patapsco River, we have to depend solely on Captain John Oldton's own descrip- tion of this road ; for, so far as this author is aware, there exists, outside of the captain's two reports, not a single substantial clue in the old records which might serve to guide us.
We can only note the fact of the existence, more than forty years after the date of Captain Oldton's reports, of a road called " The Soldier's Road," without being able to identify it with any modern road. An order of the Baltimore County Court, dated in August, 1740, directs that a road be cleared " from John Paca's quarter to Colonel William Hammond's quarter and there to intersect the Soldiers Road and to keep the top of the ridge from John Bakers until it intersects the said road from Hammond's quarter." (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber T. R. N'o. 2 ( ?), 1739-1740, f. 293.)
Captain Oldton's two reports agree in attributing to this gar- rison road a length of twenty miles. The earliest report (1696)
207
208 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
reads : " From the Garrison to a Cabin between Judwins Falls (Gwinn's Falls) and the main falls of Patapsco a west course 10 miles, then a west course to the main falls of Patapsco 10 miles more." In the second report (1697) the road to Patap- sco Falls is thus described: "ffrom our Garrison to Potapsco 20 miles, thus to Guins falls four miles, thence to a branch of the same falls four miles, thence to Potapsco main falls twelve miles."
It is difficult to understand how even the crookedest road, running from the known site of the Garrison to Patapsco Falls, and tending in a westerly direction, could reasonably have had a length of twenty miles. Captain Oldton may have overesti- mated the distance ; although this seems to be the only instance in which he was guilty of exaggeration to any very palpable extent.
The lengths ascribed to those two sections of the road which lay between the Garrison and Gwinn's Falls and between Gwinn's Falls and a branch of the same — four miles in each case — present no difficulties whatever. Captain Oldton's error — if, indeed, he committed any error — appears to lie in his estimation of the distance between the branch of Gwinn's Falls and the Main Falls of Patapsco River, between the " cabin " and Patapsco Falls.
An explanation which relieves Captain Oldton's report of all suspicion of gross inaccuracy may be found in the theory that the road from the Garrison westward crossed the North Branch of Patapsco Falls, and went as far west as the South Branch, known in eighteenth century records as the Western or Delaware Falls of Patapsco. It seems not improbable that somewhere on the South Branch the road from the Baltimore County Garrison met the two roads of the Potomac River rangers — the road which went from the Patapsco to the Garri- son on Potomac River and that which led from Patapsco to the Sugar Lands on Potomac.^
To what branch of Gwinn's Falls did Captain Oldton refer
* Maryland Historical Magazine, June, 1921, p. 125, note.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 209
in his second report ? I am inclined to believe that he referred to a stream which, in eighteenth century records, is called either hj the name of Red Run, or by that of Soldiers Delight Branch,^ but is known today only by the former name. The choice, however, seems to lie between Red Run, Horsehead Branch and Scutt's Level Branch.
The road, which was later known as the Old Indian Road, and led from the neighborhood of the Garrison to Patapsco Falls, probably existed long before Captain Oldton's time, and may have been used by the Baltimore County rangers in rang- ing westward; but it does not appear to be that road which is described in Captain Oldton's reports. Oaptain Oldton esti- mates the distance on his road between Gwinn's Falls and a branch of the said falls as four miles. The distance between Gwinn's Falls and Scutt's Level Branch by the Indian Road was probably less than two miles.
In his delightful description of Soldiers Delight Hundred the late Mr. Edward Spencer advances the theory that the name of Soldiers Delight originated with the Baltimore County Rangers, who " christened " the region in a spirit of irony, because of its impenetrable thickets of blackberry bushes and greenbriars.^ That there is latent irony in the name this
' The fact that these two names belonged to one and the same stream is proved by the desf^ription of a tract called '' Timbered Level," surveyed for Samuel Owings November 4th, 1746, which will be found on page 180 of a manuscript book entitled " Collection of Land Cettificates Chiefly in Baltimore and Anne Arundell Counties, to which is Added a List of Postponed Certificates from the Years 1703 to 1734." This book bears the date 1766 and belonged to Barrister Carroll. It is now the property of Mr. Alexander Preston. " Timbered Level " is there described as begin- ning " at a bounded chestnut tree by a parcell of black and Spanish oaks (supposed to be the bounds of Edmond Howard's land) on the side of the point of a hill which descends into the Red Run or Soldiers Delight Branch, etc., etc." The certificate of " Timbered Level " at Annapolis contains no mention of Red Run.
' " Soldier's Delight Hundred in Baltimore County " by Edward Spencer, Maryland Historical Magazine, Volume 1. The author of this article shows a very rare appreciation of the charm of desolate waste places, of the peculiar beauty and mystery of stunted woods extending for miles
210 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
author ventures to doubt ; ^ but, in seeing a connection between it and the Baltimore County rangers, Mr. Spencer was proba- bly correct ; for there is every reason to suppose that the rangers' road to Patapsco Falls passed over this once extensive tract of barren land, and not unlikely that the rangers bestowed upon it the title it bears today. What seems to be the earliest re- corded allusion to the place will be found in the certificate of survey of a tract of land called " Howard's Fancy," which was laid out for Joshua Howard on the 5th of July, 1Y22.^ Failure to find earlier mention of the Soldiers Delight may be ascribed to the fact that, until vacant land in the lower parts of Baltimore County began to become scarce, and until the mineral deposits of regions like Soldiers Delight began to be appreciated, such localities were avoided by persons taking up land ; and it is to the descriptions of surveys that we owe the record of most of our early place-names, which otherwise come down to us from the past by word of mouth, and may escape being recorded in any document, either ancient or recent.^
over poor, stony ground. He exhibits a fine regard for the quaint old place-names which have sprung from men's experience in the wilderness which he describes.
* Place-names do exist around us, however, in which there is irony. An example appears to be that of " Feather-bed Lane," a stretch of the old Joppa or Rolling Road which lies between Kingsville and Fork in the Eleventh District of Baltimore County. This road was once one of the worst in the county; but about twenty- five years ago it was macadamized, and was then for a time considered the county's best road. The propri- etors of Record's fertilizer works on the Little Falls of Gunpowder River put up a sign at Kingsville which read : " This is Sunshine Avenue. Rec- ord's, Three Miles." A title more inane, more banal, it would be impossible to imagine; but "Sunshine Avenue" achieved instant popularity, and as " Sunshine Avenue " the road between Kingsville and Fork is known to this day.
" " Howard's Fancy " is thus described : " Lying in Baltimore County, on the south side of Gwinn's Falls, beginning at two bounded red oaks and two bounded Spanish oaks standing on a point on the south side of a branch descending from the Soldiers Delight into the aforesaid falls." A hill called " Soldiers Delight Hill " is mentioned in the survey of a tract called " Murray's Farm " laid out for Josephus Murray. This hill lies not more than three miles north-east of Woodensburg. The connection between this hill and Soldiers Delight is not apparent.
•An example of a place-name which, so far as I am aware, is found in
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEKISON." 211
From the western end, or from somewhere near the end of the road which ran from the Garrison to Patapsco Falls, a road ran down through what is now the western or south-western part of Baltimore County to what were in 1697 the frontier plantations. This road, according to Captain Oldton's report, was fourteen miles in length. Whether this road is traceable today, whether all or any part of it still exists, is a question the discussion of which had best be reserved until we have disposed of more certain things.
Of all the roads over which the Baltimore County rangers traveled in their patrol of the wilderness there remains but one which at the present day can be followed almost from end to end, and of which, beyond all possibility of doubt, fragments still exist and are still in use ; and this is the only known " gar- rison " road of which Captain Oldton makes no mention in his reports. This road was evidently the way by which the rangers returned to the Garrison from their excursions to the westward, and it was probably, in part at least, the " short-cut " by which provisions, munitions and building materials were carried to the fort, and the road taken by the rangers when they went home on leave of absence.
The author has quoted elsewhere in this series of articles an order of the Baltimore County Court, dated June, 1738, and directed to Christopher Gist, " to clear the old Indian Road from the Garrison Road down by Captain John Risteaus to go by the head of the Western Glade, etc.''^ The " Garrison Road," to which allusion is made in this order of court, is that which we shall now endeavor to trace, the road which led back to the Garrison from the settlements, or that part of it which lies above the Old Court Road. The road still known as the Garri- son Road, which runs between the Old Court Road and Steven- no extant record, but is none the less probably a very old name, is that of the Devil's Dancing Ground or Devil's Woodyard, a bare spot in Bush Kiver Neck, at the head of Abby Island Creek, where, it is said, nothing will grow.
' " The Old Indian Road," Part II, Maryland Eistorical Magazine, Sep- tember, 1920, p. 219.
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son Station, is certainly the modern representative and legiti- mate heir of this ancient Garrison Road, whether it does, or does not, follow exactly the same course.^ This road at present passes some distance to the westward of the site of the Garrison. Originally, we may suppose, it intersected the road which went from the Garrison to Patapsco Falls, if it did not itself lead direct to the Garrison.
To sections of the Garrison Road which lie south of the Old Court Road references exist which are almost contemporary with the dates of Captain Oldton's reports.
A tract of land called " Christian's Deary," surveyed for one John Christian December 1st, 1699, is described as beginning " at a bounded black oak standing by a small pocoson (Indian word for swamp — ^W. B. M.) on the north side of the Garrison road." This land was later (June 26th, 1746) resurveyed,
^ George Risteau, son of Captain John Risteau, had the course of a road in this immediate neighborhood altered in the year 1758; but it is uncertain what road was thus changed. His lands embraced the site of the Garrison and the upper part of the present Garrison Road. In March, 1758, he presented to the Baltimore County Court a petition in which he states that he has " a road that goes through his land and by turning of it a small distance can make the said Road a better and nigher way"; and he requests permission to have the road diverted. The Couijt ap- pointed William Rogers and Nicholas Ruxton Gay, Gentlemen, to view the road, who in June, 1758, made report as follows:
" We the Subscribers being appointed by Baltimore County Court to view the road lately Petitioned for by George Risteau to be altered and made as convenient as the former Road do say that if the said Road is turned or altered in the manner as the said George Risteau proposeth and sheweth to us It would be rather better and more level than the old road and as nigh or nigher in our opinion and that the turning or altering the said road as prayed for by the said Risteau would ease the said Risteau of the expense of a long lane through his Plantation or keeping of two gates, etc., etc." The petition was granted, but the petitioner was ordered to clear the new road at his own expense. (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, "Sessions," 1757, June Court, 1758, f. 127-128). The change in the road must have been considerable to eliminate a long lane. It is not easy to see where such a change could have been made in the Garrison Road within the Risteau lands. A map of these lands will be found with the author's " The Old Indian Road," Part II, in the September, 1920, number of this Magazine.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEEISON." 213
together with " Cromwell's Island " (surveyed for Thomas Cromwell October 19th, 1702), for Captain Darby Lux, and called " Darbyshire."
The beginning of " Christian's Deary " (which is also the beginning of " Darbyshire " and of " Deer Park ") lies, as well as I can determine, about half a mile due south of the Old Court Road, and about the same distance due east of the Western Run of Jones Falls. There does not seem to be any road at this point today of sufficient antiquity to be identified with the original Garrison Road, and the point lies too far to the east to have any obvious relationship with the present Garrison Road which runs from the Court Road to Stevenson Station ; and this may be taken as evidence that the present Garrison Road does not follow the course of the original road.®
• The surveyor, in laying out " Darbyshire," found it necessary to run out the lines of " Cromwell's Island," which he describes as follows : " Beginning for ' Cromwell's Island ' at a bounded white oak standing by a bounded red oak (now down) which said red oak is deemed to be tlie original beginning tree of said land and lies by a branch side on the west side of the main road leading to the Garrison from Baltimore Town." It is possible that neither the beginning of " Cromwell's Island " nor that of " Christian's Deary " stood directly by the Garrison Eoad, but that the Garrison Road ran between the two points, which lie about half a mile apart. This section of the Garrison Eoad is referred to in the description of a tract called " Bedford Resurveyed," which was laid out for Mathew Coulter April 6th, 1732, " lying in Baltimore County, be- tween the Garrison Eoad and Gwinns Falls." The town of Pikesville stands on a part of this tract.
The foregoing reference to the Garrison Eoad as a main road leading to Baltimore Town is misleading. The Garrison Eoad which we are now tracing never led to the original site of Baltimore, although it apparently had branches which led in that direction even before the town was laid out in 1729. Certain it is that long before the middle of the eighteenth century a road branched off from the Garrison Eoad, probably near Hooka- town, or where the present Eeisterstown Turnpike and Garrison Avenue come together, and passed into Baltimore Town by the site of Druid Hill Park. This road may, I believe, be regarded as the predecessor of the Eeisterstown Eoad between the City and Hookstown. It gave its name to the Garrison Eoad above where the two roads joined. Thus a tract called " North Carolina," surveyed for James Eichards July 15th, 1746, which adjoins " Darbyshire " on the south, and lies between " Darbyshire " and " Pemblicoe," begins " on the north side of a small stony branch or
214 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
On April 26th, 1699, there was laid out for Captain John Oldton and Thomas Hedge in partnership a tract of eight hun- dred acres called " Pemblicoe," which is described as follows :
glade and on the east side of the great road leading from Baltimore Town to the Garrison Ridge." The road thus described is certainly the Gar- rison Road.
A tract called " Cole's Adventure " is described in a deed dated 1773 as situated " on the great road leading from Baltimore Town to the Garrison Forest" (Balto. Co. Land Records, Liber A. L. No. G., f. 370). This land lies on the west side of the Reisterstown Turnpike, and runs as far north as the intersection of that road and Garrison Avenue. The former road is evidently the road described in the deed.
In the year 1756 the Baltimore County Court " continued " John Dem- mett overseer of the following roads : " of the road from the widow Butler's to Baltimore Town Gateway and from Baltimore Town to the Falls at Jonathan Hanson's old mill " ( Balto. Co. Court Proceedings Liber B. B. No. C, November Court, 1756). The "widow Butler" was the widow of Henry Butler, whose residence was on a tract called " The Hope," which was surveyed for him February 27th, 1704. It lies on the Garrison Road (which, however, is not mentioned in the survey) adjacent to the north-west corner of the " Pemblico " tract, and a part of this land was taken away by " Pemblicoe " which was an elder survey. The site of Hanson's mill is now covered by the Fallsway.
In November, 1733, the court appointed Samuel Owings overseer " of the roads from Henry Butlers up by the Garrison to the North Run and from said Butlers by George Oggs and James Wells to Gwins Falls, etc." ("The Old Indian Road, Part II, Maryland Historical Magazine, September, 1920, p. 208). The roads here alluded to were the Garrison Road as far as the Garrison and a continuation of the same to the North Run of Jones Falls, and a road which diverged from the Garrison Road somewhere south of Pikesville, and ran north-west to and across the lands which belonged to George Ogg in 1733, the present Craddock place, " Trentham."' This last road was the predecessor of the Reisterstown Turnpike in that locality. Additional information about it will be found in my second article on the " Old Indian Road."
In November, 1754, the court appointed Joseph Cromwell overseer of the following roads : " From Samuel Owings until it intersects the main wagon road by the widow Butler's from Thomas Bond's to Jones Falls and from Monk's untill it intersects the waggon road to Baltimore Town near the Widow Buchanan's" (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber B. B. No. A., f. 443). Eleanor Buchanan, widow of Dr. George Buchanan, was then living on the Buchanan estate, " Auchentoroly," which was on the site of Druid Hill Park.
In the year 1754 Cornelius Howard had a land commission on the tract called " Lunn's Lott," now in the heart of Baltimore City. Before this
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 215
" Lying on the north side of Pattapsco River and on the west side of Jones Falls in the woods below the Garrison, beginning at a bounded hickory on the west side of the Garrison road,
commission William Parish, a Quaker, made the following affirmation: " being at one other place near the head of a branch and on the south side of the main road leading from Baltimore Town towards the Garrison Forrest and a little below Mr. William Lux's dwelling house and where we have now set up a stone which said dwelling house bears therefrom north 85 degrees west, this aflSrmant declares that he was at this place some years agoe in company with Mr. Richard Gist late of this county deceased and then there was a bounded hickory standing and the said R** Gist told this aflSrmant that the said bounded hickory was a bounded tree of Lun's Lott " (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 4, 273). We are further informed that William Lux's dwelling house was formerly the dwelling house of Dr. George Walker, and that it stood on a tract adjacent to " Lunn's Lott." This was the Chatsworth mansion, which, with a large plantation, William Lux inherited from his father-in-law. Dr. George Walker. The situation of " Chatsworth," as surveyed for William Lux, and of " Lunn's Lott " is shown on a map of surveys and resurveys which lie within the limits of Baltimore City, published in Scharf's History of Baltimore County.
In August, 1728, the court appointed Henry Butler overseer of the roads " from Patapsco Ferry (probably at the Ferry Point, now Ferry Bar, on the Middle Branch; otherwise at Gorsuch's Point, now Lazaretto) to Jones Falls at Mary Hansons mill, from the said Mill to Guinns Falls, from the same Mill to Guinns falls leading to the main falls above Christopher Randalls plantation, from the Garrison Ridge to the Rowling landing at Guinns falls and from the said Ridge to Mary Hansons the church road " (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber I. W. S. No. 6, 1728- 1730, f. 26).
The earliest mill erected by Jonathan Hanson on Jones Falls stood in the neighborhood of Bath Street, where the ford of the old Main Road (Philadelphia, Joppa or Post Road) crossed the Falls, on part of "Cole's Harbour " or " Todd's Range " conveyed to Jonathan Hanson, millwright, by Charles Carroll June 9th, 1711. Old Saint Paul's church stood near the intersection of the North Point and Sollers' Point Roads, in Patapsco Neck, on Colegate's Creek. This " church road " from the Garrison Ridge to Mary Hansons' I would identify with the " main road leading from Baltimore Town towards the Garrison Forrest " of later records, or as a branch of the Garrison Road, which led from about the site of Hookstown down across the central parts of what is now Baltimore City, to intersect the old Main or Philadelphia Road at Jones Falls.
This road I would also identify with a road which led from Henry Butler's (which was on the main Garrison Road) to Walker's Mill, mentioned in an order of Baltimore County court dated November, 1733.
216 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
thence south-east by south 320 perches to a bounded white oak on the east side of the said road, then east and by north one and one half degrees north 130 perches, north east 198 perches,
( " The Old Indian Road," Part 2, p. 209, Maryland Historical Magazine, September, 1920.) The same year and month — ^November, 1733 — ^William Rogers was appointed overseer of the roads " from the old church ( i. e.. Saint Paul's, in Patapsco Neck) to Walker's Mill and from the said Mill
to the Herring Run" (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber , 1733-
1734, f. 188).
On July 6th, 1733, Dr. George Walker and Jonathan Hanson obtained a writ of ad quod damnum on twenty acres of land on both sides of Jones Falls for the purpose of erecting a mill. Ten acres of this tract they already possessed. The tract names are not given. (Chancery Record, Liber I. R. No. 2, f. 652.) Hanson already owned the thirty acres of " Cole's Harbour " which he purchased of Charles Carroll, and, farther up Jones Falls, two hundred acres called " Mount Royal," surveyed for him in 1720 on escheated land called " Saint Mary's Bow." About the middle of the eighteenth century Edward Fell had granted to him for a mill site, under a writ of ad quod damnum, a parcell of land composed of parts of " Lunn's Lott," " Cole's Harbour " or " Todd's Range " and " Roger's Inspection," beginning at the first boundary of the land granted to George Walker and Jonathan Hanson for a water mill under writ of ad quod damnum. The two mills (built circa 1711 and 1733 respectively) were later called Moore's Mills. It seems highly probable that the mill called Walker's stood on the extreme lower part of Jones Falls, not far above the mill erected by Jonathan Hanson in 1711 or thereabouts, and I would identify it with the upper Moore's Mill shown on Warner & Hanna's Plan of Baltimore, 1801. Walker and Hanson conveyed their joint interests in their mill seat on Jones Falls to Dr. Edward Fottrell in 1741,
The purpose of this long and, I fear, extremely tiresome note has been to show, in the first place, how the upper part of the Garrison Road came to be described as a main road leading to Baltimore Town, and in the second place, to prove that the road which led out of the Garrison Road into and across what is now the central part of our city, existed before 1729, the date of the founding of Baltimore. That this road was useful to the early settlers of Garrison Forest as a short way to church and to the mill is enough to account for its existence prior to the laying-out of Baltimore Town; but there seems to be a chance that it antedated the settlement of the backwoods, and was part of the original system of " Garrison Roads." We have already noted the fact that Captain Oldton and all of the men who served under him were inhabitants of Patapsco or of Back River Necks. (They were probably all inhabitants of the former place.) Such a road as this would have served them admirably as a " short-cut " in passing between their plantations and the Garrison.
THE BALTIMOKE COUNTY " GAKEISON." 217
north west and by west 381 perches, south west by west 320 perches, thence by a straight line to the beginning."
The foregoing references to points on the Garrison Road are chiefly important because of the relatively early date; but the fact that they are associated with Captain Oldton, himself, en- hances their interest. " Pemblicoe " is the land on which the Pimlico Race-course is situated, and from which it derives its name.-^° The spot where " Pemblicoe " originally had its be- ginning probably lies in the neighborhood of the place where a line drawn east from the Reisterstown Turnpike, at the en- trance to Mount Hope Asylum, would intersect Park Heights Avenue, or within a quarter of a mile of this spot.-^^
Not quite fifty years after " Pemblicoe " was laid out the Garrison Road ran an eighth of a mile to the westward, instead of to the east, of the beginning boundary of that tract. In the year 1747 Michael Macnamara, who bought " Pemblicoe " from the administrators of John Oldton and of Thomas Hedge the younger,^^ had a land commission to determine its bounds — it was then known by its proper name of " Pimlico " — ; and on March 30th of that year John Price, aged about fifty-seven years, brought the commissioners "to a small bounded red oak standing on a rising ground about forty perches to the eastward of the present Garrison road and at the back of Henry Butler's new design," ^^ and there made oath, " that about two years agoe
*" Pimlico is, of course, a London place-name. It is said to have originated with a certain Pimlico, an Italian, who resided in London several centuries ago.
"^To arrive at this conclusion I have not consulted any modern deed=?, and there is a possibility that the beginning tree of " Pemblicoe " did not stand in the vicinity of this place. This location, however, is in har- mony with a number of known facts and conditions, and I should be sur- prised if it is any considerable distance from the correct one.
^ " The Baltimore County Garrison and the Old Garrison Roads," Part 1, Note 15.
^* As was stated in Note 9, Henry Butler owned " The Hope," which he took up in the year 1704. "The Hope" and "Pemblicoe" overlap one another, and the first line of " Pemblicoe " apparently runs diagonally across " The Hope." In Note 9 I have quoted several early references to a main road which passed by Henry Butler's, which I have identified with the Garrison Road.
218 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Henry Butler now deceased told him. that the bounded red oak above mentioned stood within the length of his mare he then rode on of a bounded hickory that was the beginning of the aforesaid tract of land." ^*
In the will of Thomas Bale of Baltimore County, which is dated March 14th, 1706, the testator leaves to his sister, Han- nah, a tract of land which he bought of Andrew Hurd called " Toms," situated " on the Garrison Road." This land was unquestionably a tract called " Toms Choice," which was laid out August 23rd, 1705, and was patented in the name of Thomas Bale. " Toms Choice " lies west of " The Hope " and of the " Pemblicoe " tract, and adjoins the former. It is hardly probable that the Garrison Road ever ran through this land. It is more likely that it skirted or touched its easternmost boun- dary, which stood on or near the first line of " Pemblicoe."
In the month of March, 1737/8, a certain Thomas Demmett had a land commission for the purpose of determining the bounds of a tract of land called " Cole's Adventure," which was surveyed for John Cole in the year 1706, and is described in the proceedings of the said commission as being situated " on a run called Gwins Run." Henry Butler, aged between sixty and seventy years, led the commissioners " to a certain place about fifty or sixty yards to the eastward of the present Garri- son road " and showed them the spot " where a bounded Spanish oak the third boundary of the above said land grew near the Pimlico swamp, but the tree is now quite decayed and lost." ^^
The third boundary of "Cole's Adventure" lies very near the second boundary of " Pemblicoe " ; and it seems not un- likely that the Garrison Road at this point had not changed its course between 1699 and 1738. The site of this boundary is probably in the immediate neighborhood of what was formerly
" Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 4, f. 149.
*^ Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 4, f. 27. John Cole, Senior, aged about 67 years, testified before the same commission that the beginning tree of " Cole's Adventure " stood about a hundred yards to the eastward of Gwinn's Run.
THE BALTIMOEE COUNTY " GAKKISON." 219
known as Hookstown, at the intersection of Garrison Avenue or Boulevard ^® and the Liberty Road, or not more than a quarter of a mile north of that place. ^"^
No trace of the old Garrison Road between Hookstown, where the present Garrison Avenue and the Reisterstown Turnpike meet, and the Old Court Road is to be seen on any modern map with which this author is acquainted ; ^^ but between Hooks- town and the Frederick Road the Garrison Road is still in existence, and in all probability, except for certain minor changes, it follows approximately the same course as that which it had in the days of the Baltimore County rangers.
On a plat made in the year 1811 by Mr. Samuel Green of lands belonging to the Baltimore Iron Works Company, more commonly known as the Baltimore Company, the route of the " Old Garrison Road " is indicated from a point a little more than half a mile north of the " new cut " Liberty Town Road southward, between Gwinn's Falls on the west and Gwinn's Run (otherwise known as Peck's Branch) on the east, to a point on the Frederick Town Turnpike equidistant between Gwinn's Falls and Gwinn's Run.^^ South of the Windsor Mill
** Needless to say, these titles — " Avenue " and " Boulevard " — are very recent. They follow inevitably in the train of " real-estate developments," of suburbanization, of the process of altering a simple old countryside, with its roads and farms, into the complex and the more or less tawdry banlieue of a great city.
" The situation of " Cole's Adventure " is shown on a plat of the division of the Baltimore Iron Works Company's property made by Samuel Green from a survey executed May 11th, 1811, and filed in the case of Charles Carroll of Carrollton et al. versus John Taska (Tasker) Carter. The proceedings of the suit will be found in Liber 79, f. 67, of the Chan- cery Record. " Cole's Adventure " begins at a point a short distance to the west of the Reisterstown Turnpike and about an eighth of a mile above the intersection of the Reisterstown Turnpike and the Pimlico Road.
^ The turnpike between Baltimore and Reisterstown was laid out in 1787 (Laws of Maryland, 1787, Chapter XXIII). The new road doubtless rendered upper parts of the Garrison Road of little use, which may account for their disappearance.
" For my knowledge of this invaluable map, as well as for a tracing of the same, I am indebted to Mr. Edward V. Coonan, who has in his possession a perfectly preserved copy. Another copy will be found in the
220 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Road a short section of the Old Garrison Eoad is not shown, because the surveyor did not at this point use the road as the boundary of lots. North of the Windsor Mill Eoad a curve of the Garrison Road is shown which no longer exists. Provision for the straightening-out of this curve was made in Mr. Green's survey. ^°
Before we may consider the question of the ultimate destina- tion of the Garrison Road, it is necessary that the reader should be acquainted with the topography of that part of Baltimore City which lies immediately east of Gwinn's Falls and north of Carroll Park. The large brook, known from very early times as Gwinn's Run or as Gwinn's Little Falls ^^ — one of the most considerable branches of Gwinn's Falls — rises near the intersection of the Garrison Road (now Garrison Avenue) and the Reisterstown Turnpike, and empties into Gwinn's Falls
Maryland Land Kecord Office, where it was filed in the case of Charles Carroll of Carrolton et al. versus John Tasker Carter et al. The pro- ceedings of this suit will be found in the records of the High Court of Chancery, Liber 79, f. 67 et seq.
^ Chancery Proceedings, Liber 79, f. 67 et seq. The Garrison Eoad was straightened along a line which ran from Wooden's beech tree to Ogg's white oak, and which is shown on Samuel Green's survey. A map of Baltimore County published in 1850 by James M. Stephens from surveys made by J. C. Sydney and P. J. Browne shows the Garrison Road between Hookstown and the Frederick Turnpike as it is today; although, in com- mon with most other roads shown on this map, the Garrison Road is not given any name. The peculiar virtue of this map is that it shows the present Garrison Road clearly, while on later maps the course of the road is more difficult to follow on account of the maze of new or pro- jected streets which surrounds it.
*^ The earliest recorded reference to this stream is, I believe, that which is found in the certificate of survey of the well-known tract " Par- ish's Range," laid out for Edward Parish of Anne Arundel County October 5th, 1679, and described as follows: "Lying ... on the north side of Potapsco River and upon the main falls of a branch called the Middle Branch (Gwinn's Falls — W. B. M.), beginning at a bounded oak a bounded tree of the land of Edward Horton and Richard Gwin (i. e. "New Town," surveyed 1672) standing by the little ffalls (i. e. Gwinn's Run)." In a deed dated August 25th, 1697, from Edward Parish to John Wooden for part of " Parish's Range," Gwinn's Run is described as " a stony branch called Gwins Little Falls."
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEKISON." 221
about a quarter of a mile below Wilkins Avenue and half a mile above the Washington Turnpike. The upper reaches of this stream are now covered by a sewer, and one of its principal affluents has totally disappeared under city streets.^^ In primi- tive times Gwinn's Run, which has a length of about four and a half miles, formed with Gwinn's Falls a long neck of land, narrowing towards the south, and accessible, except by fords, only from the north.
The destination of the old Garrison Road, as revealed by Samuel Green's map, was evidently some part of the country west of Gwinn's Falls. Such would be the inference we would naturally draw from the direction in which the road is observed to be going. Had its original destination, moreover, been some point or locality to the eastward of Gwinn's Falls, it would hardly have been laid out far down into the neck between that stream and its affluent, Gwinn's Run, when the simple expedi- ent of turning it to the east of the sources of Gwinn's Run, in- stead of to the west, would have rendered the fording or bridg- ing of that large brook near its mouth, where its volume was greatest, unnecessary.
The history of colonization on Gwinn's Falls begins, as far as there are records to inform us, with a certain Richard Gwin (Gwinn or Guin) who, on April 25th, 1672, in partnership with one Edward Halton, took up a tract of land called " !N'ew Town " in the angle or " neck " made by the intersection of Gwinn's Falls and Gwinn's Run. With the larger of these two streams his name will doubtless be associated for all time. The
'" A stream, the head springs of which lay west of Druid Hill Park in the neighborhood of Auchentoroly Terrace, and south of the Brown estate, " Mondawmin." Its course for some distance appears to have been along the lines of Payson, Pulaski and Smallwood Streets, and it emptied into Gwinn's Eun near the intersection of Lexington Street and the Calverton Road. This stream is clearly shown on a map of Baltimore County published by James C. Stephens in 1850. On a plat filed in the case of Charles Carroll of Carrollton versus John McClellan, 1814 (Package Plats, No. 28), it is marked " Gwin's Run," while the larger stream is called " Gwin's Little Falls," a distinction I have never observed elsewhere in the records.
222 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZIIiTE.
smaller is today generally called Peck's Branch ; but on maps is still described as Gwinn's Run.
Some time before his death in the year 1692 Richard Gwin cleared a plantation on " ISTew Town," ^^ but it is extremely
** This is proved by a deposition of William Bond, aged forty-eight years, taken in June, 1733, before a land commission held on behalf of John Stewart to determine and fix the boundaries of "New Towne " (Balti- more County Court Proceedings, Land Commissions, Liber H. W. S. No. 2, f. 166 et seq.)- The facts revealed by this deposition, humble and bucolic as they may seem, are part of the history of the land on which Baltimore City now stands, and I therefore quote the deposition almost in full, omitting only such parts as prove nothing connected with my subject and could not possibly interest anyone. " William Bond, aged about 48 years, deposeth that about 30 years ago Mr. James Carroll told Peter Bond, who was then seating the land he had by his wife, that he had better decline seating there and that he would let him have warrant and shew him land in some other place (James Carroll then owned a tract called " Saint James Park," which adjoined " New Town " on the south, and was surveyed in the year 1700. It was later included in " Georgia." — ^W. B. M.) and the said Peter Bond answered he believed he had evidence good enough to support his pretensions and this deponent further declares that some time just before or just after he saw a certain Charles Gorsuch a Quaker affirm before some magistrate and as he remembers it was Mr. Thomas Bale who was then a Magistrate that a bounded white oak in the Bottom where Dr. Carroll's Mill now is was the beginning bounded tree of the land the said Peter Bond had by his wife and that it was taken up by her father Richard Gwin and this Deponent further declareth on the oath aforesaid that a white oak by the said Dr. Carroll's Mill race and near midway from the mill to the head of the race he verily believes to be the said tree the Question being asked at the instance of Dr. Carroll whether this deponent knew anything of the said land of his own knowledge he answered that he had heard some people say that there stood a bounded tree between the now rolling road and Gwins falls near a gullie a little below where John Parish his plantation now is and that he believes they also told him it was a tree of the said land or Parishes land he is not positive of which or either and this Deponent further sayeth that he has heard the old men (vizt Charles Gorsuch and Isaac Jackson) say that old Richard Gwin who was one of the takers up of the said land did seat or settle a plantation between where the head of the mill race now is and the mouth of a run called Gwins Run ... he (i. e. the deponent) being further asked whether he knew how his brother Peter Bond came by the said land he answered he always understood he had it with his wife said Gwins daughter . . . he being further asked how far he thinks it was higher up the falls where his brother Peter Bond first settled he answered he did not know
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEKISON." 223'
doubtful if he ever resided on this land. The plantation was probably merely a " quarter," and its owner had his home some- where on tidewater on the south side of Patapsco Eiver, where the remainder of his lands lay.
Richard Gwin was a man of more than average consideration in the community in which he lived. The title of " Mr." was freely used with his name, a title which was very grudgingly bestowed in the seventeenth century. In the year 1686 he was appointed a Justice of the Baltimore County Court, but, on account of " scandelous and infamous liveing," was not allowed to take the oath of ofl&ce.^^ Harsh words such as these were liberally applied in those days, and the truth of the whole mat- ter seems to be that Gwin was not so much a man of bad moral character as he was one who liked to defy public opinion.^^ At all events Richard Gwinn was evidently a man of some abil- ity, and his morals were doubtless no worse than those of many of his neighbors who were shocked by his audacity.
In his will, dated 1692, Richard Gwin bequeathed to his daughter Eleanor Gwin the land called " I^ew Towne," of which he was then possessed in full. Eleanor Gwin married (1st) Peter Bond, the younger, son of the immigrant, Peter Bond, and (2nd) Hill Savage.
the distance but that it was between where the dwelling house now stands and Gwins Run side and that they cleared down the run towards the mouth thereof he being further asked whether he knew if any part of Parishes land was Setled at the same time he answerd that there was a little Plantation settled by George Ogg but that he did not know whether it was any part of Parishes land or not being asked if he knew of any other bounded tree higher up the said falls he answered that about 27 years ago he see a white oak bounded for a tract of land his brother Peter Bond then took up part of which he after sold to John Wells and that the said tree did stand within a few strides of Gwins falls on the upper side of a spring near a house which the said Peter Bond built for himself on Newtown when he let his father and mother live in the house he first built on the said land."
"Md. Archives, Vol. V, p. 524.
*^The difficulty in which Richard Gwin became involved and how he successfully extricated himself will be found recorded in the Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber D., 1682-16S6, November court, 1685, and March court, 1685/6.
2
224 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZIJiTE.
In the year 1705, or therebouts, Peter Bond settled on " New- town," which he then held in right of his wife, the daughter of Eichard Gwin.^^ About 1719 he built a mill on Gwinn's Falls, according to a deposition taken some years later. ^'^ This mill must have stood on the Falls a short distance below the present Wilkens Avenue Bridge.
In 1733, or thereabouts, Dr. Charles Carroll of Annapolis, who was at that time already possessed of that very large tract known as " Georgia," ^^ later " Mount Clare," was the owner of two mills situated on Gwinn's Falls. One of these mills stood just below the beginning boundary of " New Town," on part of ^' Georgia," about a quarter of a mile or less above the mouth of Gwinn's Eun, probably on or near the site of the old MuUing-
^» See Note 23.
'"In June, 1733, before John Stewart's land commission on "New- Town" (Note 23), one Charles Wells, aged thirty years, deposed that fourteen or fifteen years before a certain Joseph Parkinson, who was then a servant to Peter Bond, informed him " that if his Master had not Com'd to him he had cut dowTi his masters bounded tree " ; and that "when he (i. e. the deponent) lived with Peter Bond they went several times to run out the said Peters land and they always went down into the Bottom where Dr. Carrolls Mill now is to begin, and he heard Joseph Perkinson say it was when he was falling Timber to build a Mill in the said bottom that he had like to have cutt down the said tree."
** The tract called " Georgia," which is sometimes referred to as " Georgia Plantation," and is now generally known as " Mount Clare," was surveyed and patented to Dr. Charles Carroll of Annapolis in the year 1732, and contained 2368 acres. In addition to much vacant land it embraced the following original surveys: "Black Wanut Neck," sur- veyed for Hugh Kensey, 1663; "Howard's Chance," surveyed for John Howard, 1668; "Saint James Park," surveyed for James Carroll, 1700; "Gill's Outlet," surveyed for John Gill, 1714; "Mill Haven," surveyed for John Mercier, 1695; "Monmouth Green," surveyed for Thomas Bale, 1702; "Barley Hills," surveyed for Dr. Charles Carroll, 1728; "Dis- covery," surveyed for Dr. Charles Carroll, 1729. The first four of these tracts lie on the east side of Gwinn's Falls; the remainder are situated west of Gwinn's Falls. Something less than a thousand acres of " Georgia " lies east of Gwinn's Falls; the remainder lies west of that stream, and was conveyed by Dr. Carroll in 1733 to the Baltimore Company, of which he was a member. The situation of the eastern part of " Georgia " is shown on the map of tracts lying within Baltimore City published in Scharf's History of Baltimore County.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEEISON." 225
ton Mill. 29 The other mill appears to have been situated a short distance above the Washington Turnpike, where a large mill structure still stands.^*' The dam was situated at or but a
*»In June, 1733, before John Steward's land commission on "New Town" (Notes 23 and 27), William Hammond, aged thirty-two years, deposed " that a certain white oak by Dr. Carroll's Mill race and about half way between the said Mill and the head of the race was shewed him by a certain John Snow on the 19th of July last and the said Snow told him that when he was a servant to Peter Bond about 20 years agoe the said Bond shewed him the said white oak and told him it was his begin- ning tree of a tract of land he had with his wife." Edward Roberts, aged about fifty-nine years, deposed " that about 30 years ago he was looking for cattle in the bottom by Gwins Falls where Doctor Charles Carrolls Mill now stands and he there saw Old Peter Bond, who told him he had been often looking for the beginning bounded tree of Richard Gwins land now his son Peters land and that he now found it in the said bottom a little above where the said Mill now is."
'"A deed which bears date March 25th, 1796, from Charless Carroll of Carrollton et al. to James Carroll (who was then possessed of "Georgia " or "Mount Clare" by inheritance from his uncle, Barrister Carroll) recalls the fact that " Doctor Charles Carroll long since deceased, when he conveyed to the Baltimore Company (i. e., in 1733) all that part of a tract of land lying in Baltimore County called Georgia situated on the west side of Gwinn's Falls " neglected to reserve to himself and his heirs " any portion or part of the said tract on the west side of the said falls to which his mill dam might be abutted," and that " from the institution of the said Company to the present day the said Dr. Charles Carroll deceased and those claiming under him have always abutted and still continue to abutt the said Mill Dam to the lands on the said west side." By this deed the parties of the first part conveyed to James Carroll a strip of land lying on the west side of Gwinn's Falls in consideration of five shillings. " And whereas, in the articles which were originally entered into between the Baltimore Company there is a clause prohibiting the said Company from erecting any grist mill or mills which might have been or may be prejudicial to the custom of a mill then erecting by the said Dr. Carroll, the said James Carroll for and in consideration of the release made to him of the lands herein described as a butment to the mill dam as aforesaid hath released all cause or causes of action . . . against the said company in consequence ... of the said articles or covenant" (Land Records of Baltimore County, Liber W. G. No. V. V., f. 97).
The strip of land thus conveyed by the Baltimore Company to James Carroll lies along the west side of Gwinn's Falls between the mouth of Gwinn's Run and a point not far below the Brunswick Street Bridge, ir near the beginning of " New Town." It is shown on the plat of " Mount
226 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
short way below the mouth of Gwinn's Run. Ruins of a dam are still to be seen on Gwinn's Falls immediately below the spot where Gwinn's Run empties into the Falls, and the old mill race can still be traced down as far as Mount Clare Mill.
In the month of June, 1736, by virtue of a writ of ad quod damnum, there was surveyed for the Baltimore Iron Works Company,^^ of which Dr. Charles Carroll was a member, a tract
Clare " as surveyed for James Carroll in 1811, where it can easily be identified by reference to the description of the survey; and it is aho shown on a plat filed in the suit of Nicholas C. Carroll et al. versus James Carroll, 1826 (Package Plats, No. 25). The reason for the acquisition of this strip of land by James Carroll evidently was, not only that he might own the west abutment of the dam, but also the land above the dam flooded by the mill-pond. The dam was obviously therefore situated at or just below the mouth of Gwinn's Run, where remains of a dam exist today. (This could not have been the dam which served the mill belonging to Dr. Carroll, which stood near the beginning of " New Town.") The mill which it served was probably on the site of the old Mount Clare Mill, which is shown on maps of Baltimore City of a genera- tion ago. The old mill race is still plainly to be seen. I believe it certain that this was the mill of Dr. Charles Carroll to which frequent reference is made in records of about the middle of the eighteenth century. What became of the mill farther up Gwinn's Falls I do not know.
On February 1st, 1753, Dr. Carroll wrote to his son Charles Carroll (afterwards Barrister Carroll) who was then in London:
" Neither need I mention to you the implacable malice of some here agst me which laid me under a necessity of pulling down my Furnace at Patapsco, before it made Pig Iron to pay the charge of erecting it, and this by the popish Int: combined against me, however as I would make the best of it. It is that Furnace, wheels and site thereof I am converting into a merchant mill which I expect to go next Fall." Where this furnace and mill stood I am not aware, unless it too was on the site of Mount Clare Mill.
" The Baltimore Iron Works Company or Baltimore Company was organized in October, 1731, with a capital of £3500 (Provincial Court Proceedings, Liber P. L. No. 8, f. 220 et seq.). The original members of the company were Charles Carroll, Benjamin Tasker and Daniel Dulany, Esquires, Dr. Charles Carroll and Daniel Carroll of Duddington Manor. This company flourished for many years and carried on actively its business of mining, smelting and forging bog iron ore. It owned many slaves. In the vicinity of Baltimore Town the Baltimore Company owned many thousands of acres, including the tracts known as " Gorsuch," " Phillipsburg " and " Orange " on the east, " Bear Hills " on the north, " Frederickstadt " and a large part of " Georgia " on the west. In 1785
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 227
of one hundred acres, situated on Gwinn's Falls, in the neigh- borhood of the mouth of Maiden's Choice Run, as a site for a forge.^^ This tract was made up of parts of " Georgia," " New Town " and of " Bond's Increase." ^^ The forge, which the Baltimore Company erected on this tract, stood somewhere between Wilkens Avenue and the Brunswick Street Bridge over Gwinn's Falls. The dam appears to have been located just north of the Wilkens Avenue Bridge, where foundations of a dam may still be observed. The mill-pond, or " Old Forge Pool," as it was called, extended up Gwinn's Falls a quarter of a mile beyond the Frederick Turnpike.^^
Several years prior to 1736 the Baltimore Company had built a furnace on a small branch of Gwinn's Falls known as Charles's Run, which empties into the west side of the Falls at or very near the head of tidewater, or opposite to the point
the Baltimore Company was possessed of a furnace and two forges, more than twenty-eight thousand acres of land and two hundred or more negroes. {Md. Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, March 28th, 1785.)
^ Chancery Proceedings, Liber I, E. No. 2, 1730-1736, f. 787. This tract, which was surveyed June 15th, 1736, begins " at a bounded white oak saplin growing out of the Root of a leaning white oak near a spring on the north side of Gwins falls nigh the upper end of the Saw Mill Race and below the Dam of the said saw mill." This mill was doubtless the one built by Peter Bond. The jury appointed to condemn the tract " for setting up a Forge Mill for the manufacture of pigg iron," appraised the land on the west side of Gwinn's Falls and on the south side of Maiden's Choice Run, at three shillings per acre, and the land on the east side of Gwinn's Falls at eighteen shillings per acre.
**A small tract surveyed for Peter Bond September 28th, 1704, between " New Town " and Gwinn's Falls.
^ References to the Old Forge Pool will be found in a deed f rona the Baltimore Company to James Carroll dated March 25th, 1802 (Liber W. G. No. 71, f. 502, Balto. Co. Land Records); in the resurvey, "Mount Clare," laid out for James Carroll, 1811; and in depositions taken before a land commission held in 1806 to determine the bounds of " Georgia," "New Town" and other tracts on behalf of James Carroll (Balto. Co. Land Records, Liber W. G. No. 95, f. 162 et seq.). The lowest mills on Gwinn's Falls, belonging to the Ellicott family, to which allusion is made in these depositions, were situated just north of the Frederick Turnpike, and are shown on Samuel Green's plat of the lands of the Baltimore Company, 1811.
228 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
where Nantecoke Street extended intersects the Falls.^^ The furnace stood on the east side of Charles's Run, about five hun- dred feet south of Gwinn's Falls.^^ There is reason to believe
^By a deed which bears date September 25th, 1733, Dr. Charles Carroll of Annapolis conveyed to Benjamin Tasker, Charles Carroll and Daniel Dulany of Annapolis, Esquires, and to Daniel Carroll of Duddington Manor, Gent., a tract of eighteen hundred acres lying on the west side of Gwinn's Falls, of which fourteen hundred acres were part of " Geor- gia " (Provincial Court Proceedings, Liber P. L. No. 8, f. 220 et seq.). This deed recalls the fact that the said parties " by their several quinque partite deeds . . . bearing date the 1st of October, 1731, mutually cove- nanted, etc., to enter into a copartnership or company and at their equal charges and by equal dividends to make one stock of £3500 ... to be employed used and laid out in the purchase of lands contiguous to Patapsco River in Baltimore County and erecting and building on Gwins Falls or a Branch of the said Falls called Charles's Run on a tract of land called Mill Haven one good sufficient furnace for rimning pigg metal from Iron Oar with all other buildings necessary and requisite to be occupied with such furnace." In payment for the land Dr. Carroll was allowed £634 as so much paid on his share of £700 for a one fifth in- terest in the company. We note, by the way, that on March 15th, 1765, a one-fifth share of the stock of the Baltimore Iron Works Company was offered for sale in the Maryland Gazette at £5200. The founding of the Baltimore Company marks the beginning of great business enterprise in and around the site of Baltimore. " Mill Haven " was not in Dr. Carroll's possession at the time when the Baltimore Company was formed. It was conveyed to him on April 11th, 1732, by Dr. George Buchanan and Eleanor his wife, and was resurveyed in " Georgia " the same year. Dr. Carroll was intimately acquainted with Dr. Buchanan, and there was probably some agreement between them about the land. On December 14th, 1733, the following advertisement, signed by Dr. Carroll, appeared in the Maryland Gazette: "At the Iron- Works on Patapsco River in Baltimore County will be employ'd Labourers to cut Wood, etc. etc." The furnace was certainly standing at that time. By virtue of a writ of ad quod damnum which bears date January 12th, 1733/4, there was surveyed for the Baltimore Company a tract of 100 acres, part of " Georgia," described as situated " on Charles's Branch and Gwyn'a Falls," " beginning at the mouth of a small cove . . . below the furnace " (Provincial Court Proceedings, Liber P. L. No. 2, f. 594 et seq.). Another part of " Georgia," condemned for the Baltimore Company and surveyed April 19th, 1748, begins " at the sst end of a large rock on the north side of the Middle branch opposit to the Baltimore Iron Works furnace." (Book of Baltimore and Anne Arundel County surveys which belonged to Barrister Carroll, 1766.)
''The old furnace is shown on Fielding Lucas's Plan of the City of
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 229
that deep water formerly extended up Gwinn's Falls as far as the moutli of 'Charles's Eun, and that the landing known as the " Iron Works Landing " was situated there, or in that vicinity.^'^
Baltimore, 1841, which shows a building marked " Bait Co. Furnace " on " Charles Run." Charles's Run or Branch is mentioned in the certificate of a tract called " Johnson's Interest," surveyed for Anthony Johnson, October 25th, 1695, one of the tracts conveyed by Dr. Carroll to the Balti- more Company in 1733. I think that it was named for Charles Gorsuch. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad skirts the shore of a large ice-pond which is fed by the waters of this stream.
^■^ In the month of August, 1739, John Paca, Joshua Sewell and John Baker presented a petition to the Baltimore County Court, in which they set forth that they have " plantations settled in and near the fork of the Great Main Falls of Patapsco," and are obliged " to roll all their tobacco to the Patapsco Iron Works landing." The petitioners request " that a rolling road may be cleared from John Paca's quarter to Capt. Jones's quarter (Captain Philip Jones. This was on Soldier's Delight — W. B. M.) untill it intersects the Soldiers Delight Road." The petitioners promise to maintain the new road at their own expense "untill such time (as) the neighborhood is more fully settled" (Baltimore Coimty Court Pro- ceedings, Liber T. R. No. 2, 1739-1740, f. 79).
In March, 1738/9, Christopher Randall, Joshua Owings, Daniel Rawlings and Charles Wells presented a petition to the Court, in which they state that they have " altered our rowling road leading from Soldiers Delight to the Iron Works a nearer way and much better for rideing or rowling tobacco than the former road was "; and they request that the overseer of the road in the Upper Hundred of Patapsco be compelled to mend their new road (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber H. W. S. No. I. A., 2, f. 357).
That the road from the Soldier's Delight to the Iron Works existed very soon after the founding of the Baltimore Company is proved by an order of court dated November, 1733, which directs Charles Wells to be overseer of the road " From Jones's Quarter to the Iron Works " ( See "The Old Indian Road," Part II, Maryland Historical Magazine, September, 1920, p. 218. This order is there quoted in full). The date of this order makes it quite certain that the Baltimore Company's furnace on the west side of Gwinn's Falls near the mouth of that stream was meant. No other iron-works existed in that part of Maryland at this time.
In November, 1734, William Peticoat was appointed overseer " of all the roads in Soldiers Delight hundred lying between the main falls and Gwins falls of Potapsco," including " the rowling road from Captain Jones's qr. (quarter)." The same court appointed Oliver Cromwell over- seer " of all the roads in the upper hundred of Potapsco between the main falls and Gwins falls," including the following: " the roaling road from the Iron Works till it intersects the Indion (the Indian Road is now the Old Court Road — W. B. M.), the roaling road from the head of Potapsco
230 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
An acquaintance with the foregoing facts is necessary in order that we may understand certain records which have a bearing on the question of the course and destination of the old Garri- son Road.
to the Dogwood branch . . . (the road), from William Hamiltons to the Iron Works . . . the road that leads from the Main Falls of Potapsco to Ragland roaling road." ( These orders are quoted in full in " The Old Indian Road," Part II, p. 218-219.)
It is evident that the Court intended to divide the rolling road, which ran from Captain Philip Jones's quarter on Soldier's Delight to the Iron Works landing, between the overseers of Soldiers Delight Hundred and Patapsco Upper Hundred respectively. Soldiers Delight Hundred was created in November, 1733, and was divided from Patapsco Upper Hundred by the Old Indian or Court Road. The court appointed Petticoat overseer of the upper half of the road from Soldiers Delight to the Iron Works as far down as the Indian or Court Road, and Cromwell overseer of the lower part from the Iron Works to the Indian Road. " Ragland " was the name of the country which lies on the east side of Patapsco Falls about and below Ellicott's City. I think that " the rolling road from the head of Patapsco to Dogwood Branch," and the road called " Ragland rolling road " both ran to a landing at the head of tidewater on Patapsco Falls at or near Elk Ridge Landing.
Both of these " rolling " landings — the one on Patapsco Falls and that which became the Iron Works Landing, on the west side and near thii mouth of Gwinn's Falls — appear to have existed earlier than 1733. In August, 1728, the court appointed Henry Butler overseer of the road " from the Garrison Ridge to the Rowling landing at Guinns falls." The greater part of this road must have been the original Garrison Road. The same court appointed George Bailey overseer of the roads " from the Soulders (sic) Delight to the landing at the head of Potapsco, from John Belt Jr. his plantation in the forrest to the said landing." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber I. W. S. No. 6, 1728-1730, f. 26 et seq.) The two landings are therefore seen to have been distinct.
In the month of August, 1730, the Court appointed William Hammond overseer of the roads " in that part of the upper hundred of Patapsco lying between the rolling road from the Soldiers Delight (and?) Gwins falls to the Landing and all between the main road leading from Potapsco falls inclusive of both the said roads, and that he have power to command Loyd Harrys, Charles Wells, George Buchanan their male Taxables and half Mrs. Hoxsons hands that lye between the above said two roads and the main falls of Potapsco." The same Court then appointed William Hamilton overseer of the roads " between the main road from Potapsco falls (to?) Gwins falls, the rowling road from the Soldiers Delight to the landing and the main falls of Potapsco exclusive of both the said roads." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber , 1730-1732, f, 4.)
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAERISON." 231
North of "New Town," and between Gwinn's Falls and Gwinn's Run, lies a well-known tract of land, " Parish's Range," which was laid out for Edward Parish of Anne Arun- del County in the year 1678.^^ The first person to settle on this land appears to have been a certain George Ogg, who had a plantation thereon at least as early as the year 1703.^^ This plantation was evidently situated on a part of " Parish's Range" which Ogg purchased of Edward Parish August 25th, 1697. The land which Ogg bought of Parish is a long and relatively narrow strip, having a length of two miles and a width of about a quarter of a mile. It is bounded on the east by a strip of similar dimensions and the same acreage, which was conveyed out of " Parish's Range " by Edward Parish to John Wooden in 1697. It extends from a short distance north of the intersec- tion of Garrison Avenue and the Liberty Town Turnpike south- ward to the neighborhood of Winchester Street. The exact location of the tract may be observed by comparing Samuel Green's plat of the Baltimore Iron Works Company's property, to which we have alluded elsewhere, with a plat filed in the case of Charles Carroll of Carrollton versus John McClellan, 1814. (Package Plats, 'No. 28.) The reader may thus ascertain for himself the fact that the Old Garrison Road, as shown on Sam- uel Green's plat, traverses George Ogg's part of Parish's Range " from end to end.
According to a deposition made by William Parish in the month of March, 1744/5, George Ogg was living on his division
Mention of Elk Kidge Landing will be found in the Maryland Gazette for May 27th, 1729. A tract called "Addition to Herbert's Care," laid out for Eleanor Herbert May 11th, 1703, is described as lying "in the woods on a Ridge called Elk Ridge, beginning at a bounded red oak on the side of a hill on the west side of the Rowling Roade." This " rolling road " may have gone to Elk Ridge Landing.
^ Mr. Ruxton M. Ridgely, a descendant of the Parish family and well acquainted with the history of " Parish's Range," informs me that the tract actually contained much more than two thousand acres for which it was laid out.
"See the deposition of William Bond quoted in note 23. The deponent did not know whether or not Ogg's plantation was on " Parish's Range," but there is no doubt that it was.
232 MAKTLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
of " Parish's Range " thirty-four years before that date.^" It is highly probable that he made his home on this land from about 1703 until he died. His son, George Ogg, Jr., sold the tract to John Willmot in 1736, who conveyed it in 1738 to John Wooden.
In the month of !N"ovember, 1709, the Baltimore County Court issued the following order : ^^
" Geo : Ogg of Baltimore County planter having turned the road to the great nuisance of the neighbour-hood Richard Gest with the said neighbours having preferred a petition to the Court that the road might be continued in its old place which was by the consent of the court granted."
From the proceedings of a court held March, 1709/10, we learn that the road thus " turned " was the Garrison Road, and that it had been diverted from its original course three or four years previous to that date : ^^
" To the Worshipful the Justices of Baltimore County now sitting the petition of Geo : Ogg humbly sheweth that about the middle of the last month Henry Buttler ^^ Overseer of the Gar- rison road to Potapscoe came with an ord^ of Court granted last Nov^ 1709 whereby under pretence of bringing the said road where it formerly went altho it hath been this three or
*" Before a land commission held in March, 1744/5, on behalf of John Wooden, to determine the bounds of " Parish's Range," William Parish, aged about 60 years, deposed " that about 34 years ago the woods being then on fire old George Ogg desired him this affirmant to take a walk with him in the woods and brought him to the place where he now stands and shewed him either a bounded red oak or a Spanish oak . . . and further aflSrmeth that the said Ogg told him this affirmant that the aforesaid bounded oak was his bounded tree part of Parrish's Range being the land he then lived upon." (Baltimore Co. Court Proceedings, Land Commis- sions, Liber H. W. S. No. 4, f. 108.)
*^ Baltimore Coimty Court Proceedings, Liber I. S. No. B., 1708-1715, f. 70.
*■ Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber I. S. No. B., 1708-1715, f. 95.
*'In November, 1709, the court appointed Henry Butler, carpenter, overseer " of the highways from Gwins Falls unto Jones Falls and for the back roads between the said falls." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber I. S. No. B., f. 70.)
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARKISON." 233
four j^ by consent of most of the Inhabitants therein concerned where it was when this order was granted hath marked the said road through yo^^ petitioners cornefeild and wheat patches to the great damage and inconvenience of yo'" pet^ now yo^ peti- tioner haveing noe certaine knowledge of the said order before it came to be put in execution and being thereby deprived of makeing any lawfull defence humbly desireth that yo'^ wor- shipps would please to Superseed the said order whereby yo^ petitioner is ... . damnified and incommoded and grant an order to any Two or three indifferent persons to view the said road and make report to this worshipfull Court, etc., etc."
On reading this petition, the Court ordered that Major Tho- mas Hammond, William Talbott and Edward Stevenson, Gent., " doe view the said road and that the said road be made conve- nient for the Inhabitants adjacent with the least prejudice that may be to the petitioner Geo : Ogg and that the execution of the former order be stopped."
Between what points George Ogg diverted the Garrison Road from its original course there appear to be no means of know- ing, but the question is unimportant. The Ogg tract was long and narrow. What changes were made in the road were made within the limits of this tract, and there is therefore no reason to suppose that the present route, within these limits, lies any considerable distance either to east or west of the ancient one.
By the foregoing record, which takes us back to a time not later than the year 1Y06, that is, three or four years earlier than the date of George Ogg's petition, the relative antiquity of that part of the Old Garrison Road which lies to the south of the present Liberty Town Turnpike is established. In point of age this record is, for that part of the road, a solitary one.**
**A few other references of early date which appertain to that section of the Garrison Koad do exist, but the road is called by other names. William Parish deposed before John Wooden's land commission on " Par- ish's Range," in March, 1744/5 (Note 40), with regard to certain trees " standing in the woods near to John Parish's Plantation and near to the main road," " that he has been several times at the aforesaid trees in company with old George Ogg, old Edward Parish and old John Wooden
234 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The disappearance of the Garrison Road south of the Fred- erick Turnpike Road (unless, indeed, it followed approximately the course of the present Millington Lane) is fully explained by an Act of the Maryland Assembly passed in the year 1797, and entitled : "An act to open a road from Pratt-street extended, through the land of James Carroll, till it intersects the road to Elk-Ridge Landing, and to shut up and stop all those parts of the old Frederick and Garrison roads therein mentioned," which reads as follows:
" Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, that William Hammond, Cornelius Howard and James Baker, or any two of them, be commissioners to lay off a road from Pratt- Street Extended, across the lands of James Carroll, at the ex- pense of the said James Carroll, to the road leading to Elk- Ridge Landing, thirty feet wide, and to return a plot of the same to Baltimore County Court, which shall be ever after deemed and taken to be a public road.
" And be it enacted. That when the road aforesaid is laid out and opened, that then all that part of the old Frederick road near the city of Baltimore on the lands of the Baltimore Company and James Carroll, which branches from the road leading from the city of Baltimore to Elk Ridge landing and afterwards unites with the Frederick turnpike road about 180 perches westwardly of Gwinn's falls, be stopped and shut up and hereafter not considered as a public road. "And be it enacted, that all that part of the old Garrison road running on the land of the said James Carroll to the southward of the Frederick turnpike road, be and is also stopped and shut up, and hereafter is not to be considered as a public road." ^^
and has known them above thirty years and says that the said bounded trees are the beginning trees of George Ogg and John Woodens land part of Parish's Range now in the possession of John Wooden." The " main road " there mentioned was certainly the Garrison Road. I think it probable that the Garrison Road was meant by the " now rolling road " mentioned in the deposition of William Bond, which is quoted in Note 23. For a reference to this part of the Garrison Road as the " road to the Iron Works " see Note 56.
«Laws of Maryland, 1791-1798, Chapter XLII, 1797. For knowledge of this most valuable record I am indebted to Dr. J. Hall Pleasants.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAKRISON." 235
At this time James Carroll owned all the land on the east side of and adjacent to Gwinn's Falls, including the site of Carroll Park, from the mouth of the Falls north as far as the present Brunswick Street Bridge. The only land which he owned west of the Falls was a narrow strip of less than three acres which he purchased of the Baltimore Company in 1796 as an abutment for the Mount Clare mill-dam and mill-pond. The Baltimore Company owned all the land adjacent to the west side of Gwinn's Falls, (except the strip deeded to Car- roll in 1796) as far north as the Frederick Turnpike, and farther still, besides which it owned part of " ISTew Town " on the east side of the Falls between the Frederick Turnpike and the Brunswick Street Bridge.
On T. H. Poppleton's famous Plan on the City of Balti- more, as laid out in the year 1817, the course of the old Elk Ridge Road between Gwinn's Falls and the intersection of Cross Street with Columbia Avenue is clearly shown. The old road ran some distance to the north of the Mount Clare man- sion, following for a number of blocks the line of Cole Street. At about the intersection of Cole and Monroe Streets, it turned south-west, running within less than a quarter of a mile of Gwinn's Run. It crossed the old mill-race and Gwinn's Falls between Mount Clare Mill and the mouth of Gwinn's Run, at the point where Herkimer Street extended would intersect the Falls.
The Old Frederick Road probably branched from the Elk Ridge Road not far east of Gwinn's Run, crossed first Gwinn's run and then Gwinn's Falls, and intersected the Frederick Turn- pike at Carroll, east of Loudon Park Cemetery, from which point westward the old road to Frederick still exists.
South of the Frederick Turnpike, between Gwinn's Falls and Gwinn's Run, the Old Garrison Road before 1797 must have run in a southerly direction on James Carroll's land, skirting the lands which then belonged to the Baltimore Company. Such a course would have taken it almost directly to a ford on Gwinn's Falls, known since locally early colonial times, as
236 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
records exist to prove, and for how many years or generations before the first reference to the place is found in the records, no man can tell. It is quite likely that the Old Garrison Road and the Old Frederick Road met a short distance east of Gwinn's Falls and crossed the Falls at this fording-place.
In the certificate of survey of a tract of land called " Skee- man's Venture," laid out for George Skeeman on February 16th, 1Y16/17, the ford is mentioned. This tract is described as follows:
" Lying in Baltimore County on the south side of Pattapscoe main,*® beginning at two bounded white oaks standing nigh together betwixt two little Ivy hills ^'^ and standing opposite to Peter Bonds *^ plantation and his fording place on Gwins falls, a branch of Pattapscoe river, a great stone lyeing in the said Falls, and opposite to a bounded dogwood tree a bounder of a tract of land called Bonds Interest." *^
On a plat filed in the suit of IN'icholas Carroll and others, versus James Carroll, dated 1828, " The Old Ford " is shown where it crossed Gwinn's Falls a short distance below the outlet of " The Old Forge Tail Race " of the Baltimore Company's forge, and not far above Mullington Mill, at or very near the spot where the beginning boundary of " ITew Town " stood. The site of the old ford cannot be more than a few feet from the bridge over which Brunswick Street now crosses the Falls.''''
** A loose way of speaking common in land certificates of that date. This tract lies north of the Main Falls of Patapsco.
" " Ivy hills " appears to mean hills covered with mountain laurel, which is sometimes called " ivy."
* In the suit of Hill Savage and Eleanor his wife executrix of Peter Bond versus John Talbott, November I7th, 1719, George Scayman " next door neighbour to Mr. Peter Bond and much conversane (sic) at his house," being sworn deposed " that sundry times he heard Peter Bond deceased say that he would and had charged John Talbott 500 tobacco for storage." ( Court Proceedings of Anne Arundel County, " Judgments," Liber R. C. No. 1, 1719-1720.)
•Also called "Bond's Increase" and "Bond's Addition."
"Package Plats, No. 25. I am indebted to Mr. Edward V. Coonan for knowledge of this plat. On it are shown " Georgia " and " New Town." Part of the latter is marked " The Tract," meaning, we suppose, the land
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 237
This place, which the inferences we draw from the old records would endow with so much romantic interest (for nothing, I think, so fascinates our fancy as an ancient ford), where, if the real facts are not somehow at variance with what reasonably seems to be true, not only the road of the Baltimore County rangers crossed Gwinn's Falls, but the great highway of the Seneca Indians from the ITorth to Potomac River, is today a scene so disgusting and sad that all who have not urgent busi- ness there should avoid it. The " little ivy hills " have disap- peared under a spreading confusion of slaughterhouses and stockyards, and the once beautiful high banks on the west side of the Falls are covered with trash and refuse. From the east- ern bank the cries of dying animals are plainly audible. At times a rivulet of blood issues from a drain and tinges the waters of Gwinn's Falls a sickening red. Below the railroad bridge Gwinn Runn, degraded to the condition of a sewer, flows through a remnant of a meadow, by banks where a few forlorn beeches still grow, and empties into the larger stream. Here and there one sees pitiful crumbling relics of a wholesome past : fragments of mill walls or foundations, the winding hollows of the old mill-races, the stone piers of the mill-dams. In the meadow by Gwinn's Run a great elm tree is standing ; and on the east side of Gwinn's Falls, north of the railroad, stands an aged white oak. In every direction a once noble landscape is in the process of being engulfed in the relentless city, which, before it destroys forever, first sullies unspeakably. In the midst of such ugliness and squalor it is difficult to imagine the past.
The last of the " garrison roads," which we shall now attempt to trace, is that road which, according to Captain Oldton's report of the year 1697, ran from Patapsco Falls "to the In- habitants," and was fourteen miles in length. It seems highly
in dispute. " Skeeman's Venture " is shown, but is incorrectly named *' Skeymore alias Seamore's Adventure." The proceedings in the suit of Nicholas Carroll and others versus James Carroll I have never been able to find.
238 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
probable that this road intersected the Garrison Road at the fording-place we have just described, and that the Baltimore County rangers habitually used the Garrison Road as a short- cut for returning to the Garrison from ranging to the westward.
Between various fords on the Main Falls of Patapsco River and fords on the lower reaches of Gwinn's Falls there existed in the eighteenth century three main roads, which, because their origin is mysterious and not explained by any known records, may possibly have been survivors of earlier military roads or even of Indian paths.
In November, 1733, the court appointed Charles Wells over- seer of the road " from the lower wadeing place of the main falls of Potapsco to the second wadeing place of Gwinns Falls and of the road " from the lower fording place of Gwinns Falls to Moales Point." ^^ The lowest ford on the Main Falls of Patapsco River was situated in the immediate neighborhood of Relay or Avalon, near the site of the old Hockley Forge.^^
" In November, 1734, the Court appointed Oliver Cromwell overseer of the road " from Moles to the lower fording place of Gwins falls " and of the road " from the wading place of Gwins Falls to the wading place of the Main Falls of Patapsco." These appear to be the same as those of which Charles Wells was appointed overseer a year before. Both of these orders of court will be found quoted in full in " The Old Indian Road," Part II, p. 218-219. Moale's Point was the point at the mouth of the Middle Branch, on the south side.
"^ In the year 17(50 there was condemned for the Baltimore Company, under a writ of ad quod damnum, " for the building and setting up a Forge Mill and other conveniences . . . for carrying on an iron work," a tract of 100 acres " lying at the Main Falls of Patapsco River at the fording Place from Baltimore County to Anne Arundel County or near to the navigable water at the head of the said river at some distance above the said Fording Place in Anne Arundel County aforesaid." (Chancery Proceedings, Liber B. T. No. 1, 1757-1762, f. 56.) The tract is described as follows: "lying and being in the county aforesaid (Anne Arundei) at the Main Falls of Patapsco River at the Fording Place from Baltimore County to Anne Arundel County, beginning at two bounded sapling oaks standing at the end of the north-west by north line of a tract of land called Foster's Fancy, it being the second line of the said land and the beginning of a tract called Hockley as also the beginning of a tract called Barren Hills, etc., etc." In an old manuscript book dated 1766 and entitled " Collection of Land Certificates Chiefly in Baltimore and Anne
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEEISON." 239
The second ford above the mouth of Gwinn's Falls was proba- bly the one which was situated where Brunswick Street bridge now stands ; and the first ford on Gwinn's Falls appears to have been located between the Washington Turnpike and the mouth of Gwinn's Eun, somewhere along the old mill-race, now in Carroll Park.^^ How much older than 1Y33 was this road
Arundel Counties," which belonged to Barrister Carroll, I find (on page 460) the copy of the certificate of a tract of condemned land on Patapsco Falls surveyed for Edward Norwood in 1760. To this certificate Mr. Carroll has appended a note which runs as follows : " The following cer- tificate will help fix this beginning white oak with regard to Hockley Forge, vizt from the beginning to Hockley Forge condemned land run north 66 degrees east 52 perches to the falls (i. e. Patapsco Falls) at Hockley Forge tail race " . . . " now from this white oak go the meanders of the falls north 76 degrees west 10 perches to Dorsey's tail race and 16 (perches) to a bounded hickory at the fording place of the falls." The Hockley Forge belonged to the Dorsey family. The ford evidently crossed the Falls at the old Hockley Forge mill-race, the location of which, I am informed, is between Relay and Avalon. The land called " Hockley " is not to be confused with the Dorsey place, " Hockley-in-the-Hole," which has an entirely different situation and history. " Hockley " was surveyed for William Ebden on June 23rd, 1669,
"As we have noted elsewhere, an inquisition was held in March, 1733/4, on behalf of the Baltimore Company, for the purpose of condemning 100 acres of land, part of Georgia, situated on Gwinn's Falls and Charles's Branch (or Run), as a site for a forge, (Chancery Proceedings, Liber P. L. No. 2, f. 594 et seq.) The forge was probably never erected on this site, and in Barrister Carroll's book of Anne Arundel and Baltimore County certificates of survey, the certificate of this tract is described as that of the " Baltimore Company's furnace land." In the original cer- tificate the condemned land is thus described:
" Lying on Charles's Branch and Gwyn's Falls, beginning at the mouth of a small cove on the north side of the said cove, the said cove scituate down ye Branch below the furnace and runs from the mouth of the said cove south west 98 perches, thence south 65 degrees west 92 perches, north 2 degrees east 96 perches to ye aforesaid Gwyns Falls a little below the common fording place next above the Furnace, thence north 58 degrees west 104 perches, then north 37 degrees west 64 perches, north 59 degrees east 52 perches, south 37 degrees east 60 perches to the falls or run commonly called Little Gwyns falls, then south 59 degrees west 50 perches, south 58 degrees east 104 perches to the south side of the said Gwyns falls a little below the aforesaid Ford near a quarry, thence running with and bounding on the aforesaid Falls and branch to the beginning at the mouth of the aforesaid cove."
3
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
between the site of Eelay and the lower part of Gwinn's Falls can not certainly be told.
This ford, as well as I can determine, was located a short distance above the present bridge of the Washington Turnpike, at or above the old Mount Clare Mill, and very near the spot where, as shown on Poppleton's Plan of the City of Baltimore, the old Elk Ridge Road crossed Gwinn's Falls in 1817.
In November, 1723, the Court appointed John Israel, John Giles and Christopher Randall to superintend the building of a bridge over Gwinns Falls. The Court further ordered that, when the said bridge was finished, the " main road " was to be cleared to it, "from thence to Coll Hammonds ferry house, where the ferry over Patapsco is to be kept, and from the landing on the south side of the said river to the Long Bridge or Saw Mill." (Court Proceedings of Baltimore County, Liber I. S. No. B., f. 82.) This order of Court probably gives us the origin of Hammond's Ferry Road. The old ferry was situated at the mouth of Deering's Cove on Patapsco River. The Saw Mill or Long Bridge was on the head of Furnace Creek, a branch of Curtis Creek. At what point on Gwinn's Falls the bridge was erected, if it ever was built, I do not know. I find no further allusions to it, but only references to fords.
In the Proceedings of the Baltimore County Court for March, 1738, we read the following notice:
" Whereas Dr. Charles Carroll has promised per his letter bearing date the 11th February 1738 directed to Mr. Gist to clear a new main road from his Mill race on Gwinns Falls to the Main road that leads from Baltimore Town to the said Falls at a small run near Mr. Charles Ridgely's which said road the said Carroll has promised to clear at his own expense and render the same passable sufficient both for man and horse accordingly as the law in such cases directs. It is therefore ordered by this Court that when the said Road is Cleared as aforesaid that Mr. Thomas Sheredine and Mr. William Hammond view the same and if they find it cleared and cossways sufficient, that then it be taken & Deemed the Main road and that the other Road be stopped up." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber H. W. S. No. I, A., 2, f. 352.)
The " small run near Mr. Charles Ridgely's " refers to some watercourse on the Ridgely lands, " Ridgely's Delight," a tract which adjoined "Georgia" on the east, on Ridgely's Cove; and it was probably one of the streams which emptied into the Three Prong or Three Pond Branch. If the reader will consult the tract-map in Scharf's History of Baltimore County, he will observe the fact that " Georgia " and " Ridgely's Delight " join at the intersection of Columbia Avenue and Cross Street, and it was doubtless at this point that the Main Road was diverted from its original course.
What seems to me the most plausible explanation of the foregoing record is that Dr. Carroll merely meant to define the limits between which he wished the course of the Main Road changed, and that the road
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAKEISON." 241
Another early road, which connected the Falls of Patapsco with one of the fords near the mouth of Gwinn's Falls, crossed
already crossed Gwinn's Falls at the ford adjacent to the mill-race of Dr. Carroll's mill. This was probably the first ford above the mouth of Gwinn's Falls. We know that it was the ford " next above the furnace," and that the furnace was situated very near to, if not actually at the head of navigable water on the Falls.
In November, 1750, Dr. Charles Carroll presented the following petition to the Baltimore County Court:
" To the Worshipful the Justices of Baltimore County Court The Petition of Doctor Charles Carroll sheweth that the Main Eoad towards the Falls of Patapsco leading from Baltimore Town from a small Kun to the Westward of the Dwelling house of Mr. Lyde Goodwin to my Mill is at present a (sic) swampy and Low ground which in Winter Time is not fit to Ride or for carriage nor capable of being rendered fit without great charge wherefore at my own expense I have cleared a Road of sufficient weadth from the said Run upon a Dry Ridge that will at all times be good dry and passable to the said Mill your Worships may therefore please to order that the overseers of the Highways in that part may have the same marked as the High Road in lieu of the former for the better convenience of Passengers, which petition being Read and heard it is Ordered that Messrs. Thomas Franklin Charles Ridgely and John Ridgely lay out the said Road." (Baltimore County Court Proceedings, Liber T. R. No. 6, 1750, November Court, 1750, pages not numbered.)
Lyde Goodwin, who married a Ridgely, was then owner of part of "Ridgely's Delight." The Main Road was probably diverted this time at or near the same place where it was turned in 1738. This was the road which was later known as the Elk Ridge Road. As we have observed before, there is shown on Poppleton's Plan of the City of Baltimore, 1817, a road (indicated by dotted lines) which was undoubtedly the old Elk Ridge Road, which emerged from Columbia Avenue at Cross Street, passed around to the north of the Carroll mansion, " Mount Clare," and crossed Gwinn's Falls at the old mill-race, just above the Mount Clare Mill. There is no reasonable doubt that this was the road which Dr. Carroll had laid out in 1750. The road which he laid out in 1738 and the original road probably both ran a straighter course through " Swampy and Low Ground " between the site of the Carroll mansion and the Middle Branch of Patapsco River, which, it is said, extended to the foot of the hill on which the gardens and terraces of " Mount Clare " were laid out. But whatever changes were made in the course of the Elk Ridge or Main Road between " Ridgely's Delight " and Gwinn's Falls, there is no reason to suppose that the road ever crossed the Falls at any other ford than the one the situation of which we have just described.
A few remarks about this " Main Road " may be not inappropriate at this juncture. By this name was generally designated the old road which passed through the original site of Baltimore Town from the head of the
242 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Patapsco Falls above the place where a certain Christopher Eandall once had a plantation, which was at or very near the
Bay, skirting the tidewater rivers. How early this road existed is uncer- tain; but as early as 1682 a road connected the head of Patapsco River with the head of Gunpowder Eiver. At this time there were ferries over Patapsco, Bush and Gunpowder Rivers.
A tract called " Long Point " surveyed for David Jones July 26th, 1682, begins " at a Spanish oak standing on the west side of the main branch of Back River (i. e., Herring Run — ^W. B. M.) about two miles above the road from Patapscoe to Gunpowder River." The situation of " Long Point " is shown on the late Mr. Story's admirable tract-map of lands east of Baltimore City, which hangs in the Baltimore Court House. The beginning of the tract is about two miles above the present Philadelphia Road.
A very early reference to the old Main Road at a point well within the old limits of Baltimore City is found in the certificate of an unpat- ented survey called " Cole's Chance," which was laid out for John Cole July 28th, 1694. A description of this tract will be found in a deed from John Cole to Robert Green. 1702. (Liber T. R. No. A., f. 191, Balti- more Co. Land Records. ) " Cole's Chance," which was afterwards taken up within the well-known resurvey called " Orange," is thus described : " Beginning at a bounded red oak on the side of a hill descending into Kemp's Run (i. e., a small run which formerly flowed through the valley between Patterson Park and Highlandtown, and emptied into the head of the creek known as Harris's, Kemp's or Collett's Creek, which occupied the bed of Luzerne Street) and runs south by west 100 perches to a bounded red oak, south by east 12 perches to a bounded white oak by the Main Road, west by south 100 perches to a bounded white oak, north 16 degrees west 114 perches to a bounded maple in Mountenays Glade (i. e., the valley of the Harford Run or Mountenay's Run), etc. etc."
The course of the old Main Road through the eastern part of the city is shown on Warner and Hanna's Plan of the City of Baltimore, 1801. A section of the old road lying north of Moniunent Street between Ensor Street and Bond Street was closed in 1831 (Balto. Co. Land Records, Liber W. G. No. 211, f, 675). It was then called the Joppa Road.
The old Main Road crossed Jones Falls at the ford which was situated at Bath Street, just above the famous bend of the Falls which has long since been filled in and eliminated. It was here, on the west side of the Falls, that Jonathan Hanson's lowest mill was located. A deed from Charles Carroll to Jonathan Hanson, millwright, for part of " Cole's Har- bour " or " Todd's Range," dated June 9th, 1711, begins " at a bounded beech standing on the west side of the north west branch (i. e., Jones Falls) by the main road."
It is generally believed that the western boundaries of Baltimore Town as laid out in 1729 followed the old Main Road, and that a part of this old road still survives in Crooked Lane, McClellan's Alley and Uhler's Alley.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEEISON." 243
A probable early reference to the old ford on Jones Falls, where the Main Road crossed, is found in the certificate of a tract called " Hale's Folly," surveyed for Nicholas Hale on February 19th, 1702, " on the north side of Jones Falls, beginning at a bounded white oak standing on the north side of the Roade leading from the said Hales Plantation to the common Wadeing place of the said falls." The road is not the main road, and it is fair to add that the ford may have been one higher up the Falls.
The old Main Road is probably identical with Columbia Avenue between Paca Street and Cross Street. This section of the road is mentioned in the certificate of a tract called " Brotherly Love " laid out for John Parish March 19th, 1714, " lying on the north side of Pattapsco Main, beginning at 2 bounded white oaks and a bounded hickory standing a little to westward of the main road on the south side of Jones Falls and on the east side of a branch of the said river called the Three Branch Points (i. e., the Three Pond or Three Prong Branch, which made up out of Ridgely's Cove)." This land in 1732 was resurveyed with other tracts for Charles Ridgely and called "Ridgely's Delight." At this time the beginning of " Brotherly Love " was ascertained to stand " a little to the westward of the main road between Jones Falls and Gwins Falls and about twenty perches from one of the branches of the Three Pond Branch on the east side of the said branch." Mention of " the main road which leads from Baltimore Town to Dr. Charles Carroll's Mill and Iron Works lying on Gwins Falls " will be found in a deed from Charles Ridgely to Lyde Goodwin of parts of " Rich Neck " and of " Howard's Timber Neck " dated April 24th, 1753. The " Iron Works " here mentioned are not to be identified with the Baltimore Company's mills, but must have been the furnace mentioned in a letter from Dr. Carroll to his son Charles, dated February 2nd, 1753, from which we have already quoted.
In November, 1743, the Court ordered " that the road be cleared from Potapsco Ferry (i. e.. Ferry Bar) through Baltimore Town over the new Bridge and through Jones Town till it intersect the old main road."
(Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber , 1743-1745, f. 74.) The
bridge, as is well known, was situated at the intersection of Jones Falls and Gay Street.
In November, 1757, the Court appointed Valentine Larsh overseer of roads " from the Foot of Baltimore Town Bridge to Carroll's Mill and from Fell's Mill (on Jones Falls — W. B. M.) until it intersects the afore- said Road and from Baltimore Town to the Ferry point (Ferry Bar) and from Baltimore Forge (at Gwinn's Falls and Wilkens Avenue or just below Wilkens Ave. — ^W. B. M.) to Baltimore Town. At the same time Charles Carroll was appointed overseer " from the head of Potapsco to Doctor CarroUs Mill on Gwinns Falls from thence to Moale's Point and from thence to the head of Potapsco." McLain Bailey was appointed overseer " from the Dead Run to Baltimore Forge Dam from Baltimore Works to Hunting Ridge and from John Penns until it intersects the road to Potapsco falls and from Ray landing to Emmanuel Teals." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, " Sessions," 1757, f. 85-86.) The author is unable to identify all of the roads mentioned in the order last quoted.
244 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
site of Ellicott City or EUicott's Lower Mills.^* This road,
**In the proceedings of the Baltimore County Court (Liber I. S. No. B., 1708-1715, f. 276-277) we find a petition of the inhabitants " of both sides of the Main falls of Potapsco," presented in March, 1719, in which the petitioners set forth that they " are very much agreeved by Xpher Randall of the place aforesaid by refusing the inhabitants of the place aforesaid their common and antient road to the Mill and church and oblige the said inhabitants to goe and uncommon road through bushes and mires soe that the poor inhabitants cannot go about their lawfull occasions without indangering both horse and man," and they request the Court " that the said Christopher Randall may allow us our common and ancient road." This petition is signed by Jos. Shewell. Joseph Harp, John Boden, Philip Sewell, James Gaskin, John Yeat, Edward Teale, John Mackinze, John Whipps and William Tucker or Tuckner.
At the same session of the Court Christopher Randall and others pre- sented a petition, " who humbly begs of your worships for to grant us your petitioners an order of court to have a road cleared from the Riplings of the Main falls of Potapsco above Christopher Randalls to Edward Teales plantation which will be to the benefit of all the Inhabitants of the south side of the said falls and for the north side as far as Patuxent the old road being dangerous, deep and mirery which many times sur- prises we men and boys and makes business goe undone for want of knowledge of the other place which is passable almost in any weather which makes us the subscribers beg an order of your worships for to clear the same which once granted shall be cleared and well done to the great joy and benefitt of the Inhabitants of both sides of the said falls." This petition is signed by Christopher Randall, James Barley, John Marsh, Anthony Musgrove, Joshua Browne, Vallentine Browne, Christo- pher Walter, John Baker, Thomas Earpe, William Gosnell, John Mac- caney, John Frock, Charles Peirpoint, Charles Hall, John Petticoat, John Matson, John Hammond, Maurice Gosnell, Zebediah Baker, John Stinch- comb, John Belt, Henry Carrington, Tobias Eminson, William Baker, Maurice Baker, Peter Gosnell, Owen Williams, Darby Lane, Joseph Harpe and John Gates.
The court granted the foregoing petition and ordered Mr. John Israel to " view the roads therein mentioned and direct the clearing of a road as therein is prayed or in the most convenient contiguous place as shall seem to him the best conveniency and that that shall be for the future the road."
I cannot exactly locate the place where Edward Teale was living in March, 1719/20; but in the year 1720 Sarah Brice conveyed to him parts of tracts called " Tanyard " and " Quarter." The former lies on the Frederick Turnpike between Ellicott City and Catonsville. By a deed dated August 30th, 1735, Edmond Howard and Ruth his wife conveyed to Emmanuel Teale a part of " Tanyard " which is described as lying " next to the falls of Patapsco River, beginning at the middle branch of
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARRISON." 245
the three branches between the dwelling plantation of Edward Teal de- ceased and that of William Hamilton." In Barrister Carroll's " Collection of Land Certificates Chiefiy in Baltimore and Anne Arundel Counties,"' to which we have already alluded on several occasions, there is entered the description of a tract called " The Reserve," surveyed for Nathanial Stinchcomb in 1704. This tract is there described as being situated " on Ragland," as the country on the east side of Patapsco Falls in the neigh- borhood of Ellicott City was then called, " beginning at three bounded white oaks in a valley in the line of the land called Stout near John Whipps Plantation," and runs to a hickory on a hill near Patapsco Falls. Mr. Carroll has added this note : " Stinchcomb mortgaged this to Brice which was redeemed by Edward Teal, who entailed it to his Daughter Ruth Teal for whose Husband Edmond Howard J. Gardiner run it." The land called " Stout " was almost certainly the site of Christopher Ran- dall's plantation at the date of the foregoing petitions, as we shall shortly observe. John Whipps signed one of these petitions.
The question of Edward Teale's residence at this time is probably settled by information given in his will, which is dated May 5th, 1720. He leaves to his son Emmanuel Teale and to his daughter Ruth " The Tanyard " and " Addition " to be divided at the middle of three " branches " between his dwelling house and that of William Hamilton. He directs that his son Emmanuel Teale is to have that part on which the dwelling house stands and his daughter Ruth that part which was next to the Falls of Patapsco River. " The Tanyard " lies west of Catons- ville on both sides of the Frederick Turnpike.
In the month of August, 1728, the Court appointed Henry Butler over- seer of the roads "from Potapsco Ferry (now Ferry Bar — ^W. B. M.) to Jones Falls at Mary Hansons Mill, from the said Mill to Guinns Falls, from the same Mill to Guinns falls leading to the main falls above Christopher Randalls plantation"; and, at the same time, George Bailey was appointed overseer of the roads " from the main falls by Christopher Randalls to Guins falls where the road passes to the widow Hansons Mill, and from Bens Run by the plantation where Zebediah Baker now lives to the aforesaid place of Gwins falls." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber I. W. S. No. 6, 1728-1730, f. 26 et seq.)
Hanson's mill, as we have already shown, was situated on Jones Falls at Bath Street. The road between this mill and Christopher Randall's plantation must have crossed Gwinn's Falls either at the ford a short distance above Mount Clare Mill or at the second ford at Brunswick Street bridge. I am inclined to think that the road which ran from Ben's Run by Zebediah Baker's to the same ford of Gwinn's Falls as that where the road to Christopher Randall's crossed was the predecessor of the Old Frederick Road by Ellicotts Upper Mills.
By a deed dated November 5th, 1717, Anthony Bale conveyed to Christo- pher Randall three hundred and twenty-nine acres of a tract called " Stout " on Patapsco Falls adjoining the land of John Whipps. It seems to me almost certain that the plantation of Christopher Randallj,
246 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
when we first find the record of it, apparently extended as far west as Patuxent River, and probably went to Potomac.'^'^
The old Windsor Mill Road existed before the founding of Baltimore, and its origin is obscure; but it is doubtful if it originally went as far as the Patapsco."*
to which the above petitions have reference, was located on this tract; for Eandall apparently owned no other lands on the Falls at that time. This land was conveyed by Roger Randall to William Williams in the year 1754. On April 24th, 1771, William Williams, " iron founder," con- veyed a part of this tract to Joseph, Andrew, Nathaniel and John EUicott of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, millwrights (the land had been resur- veyed and called "Mount Gilboa"). The same day Emmanuel Teal con- veyed to the Ellicott brothers another part of " Stout " called " Teale'a Search." On these lands the Ellicott family founded Ellicott's Lower Mills, near the spot where Ellicott City now stands. (See Charles W. Evans's " Biographical Accounts of the Fox, Ellicott and Evans Fam- ilies," published in 1882.)
The old road from Hanson's mill on Jones Falls to and across Patapsco Falls near the site of Ellicott City may be that which is shown on modern maps as the " Old Frederick Road," a road not to be confused with another Old Frederick Road which went to Ellicott's Upper Mills. The Frederick Turnpike was laid out in the year 1787, from Baltimore to Frederick by Ellicott's Lower Mills. (Laws of Maryland, 1787, Chap- ter XXIII.)
^ We must not forget the " path that goes from Potomock to the Su3- quehannoh Rivers " mentioned in the letter of Thomas Thurston to Clement ~ Hill, April 12th, 1686. ("The Old Indian Road," Part I, Maryland His- torical Magazine, June, 1920, p. 114.)
"* As this road is older than the city through which it now runs, I venture to tell what I know of its history, although that history has apparently nothing in particular to do with the subject of this article.
The following notice appears in the proceedings of the Baltimore County Court for November, 1757:
" At a court held . . . the first Tuesday of November, 1757, the follow- ing petition was exhibited, vizt
" To the Worshipful Bench of Baltimore County Court sheweth, your petitioners has quietly possessed a road upwards of thirty years which is now fenced in and trees fallen across in such manner that we can't get a passage to Baltimore Town to Cart or role Tobacco nor no other necessary Business and this being a second time we have cleared a road and being stopped up each Time as aforementioned your petitioners hvmibly pray you will appoint an indifferent Person to make out a road and put it upon Record as all other main roads as appoint one of your Petitioners as Overseer to clear the said road."
This petition is signed by William Rogers, Mayberry Helms, Sr., Edward
THE BALTIMOEE COUNTY " GAEEISON." 247
It is hardly possible that any of these roads was the road to which Captain Oldton refers in his report, as leading from the Main Falls of Patapsco River to the settlements. We are in-
Pontany, John Wooden, John Wooden (one of these evidently John Wooden, Jr.), Solomon Wooden, Nathaniel Young, James Hood, Edward Lwes (Lewes?), Sr., William Meier (Miller), Edward Lwes, Jr., Hannah Wouenhens and Zac Mackubin.
The Court ordered Messrs. John Kidgely, Brian Philpott and John Ensor, Jr., to view and to lay out the said road, who returned their report the first Tuesday in March, 1757:
"Baltimore County: Pursuant to the above order of Court we the Subscribers have viewed and laid out a road for the within Petitioners the said road continue as the road now comes from a fording Place m Guinns Falls now called by the name of William Miller's Ford until it intersects the main road that leads to the Baltimore Iron Works a little above John Wooden senior's plantation, so with the said road as low as the upper end of John Wooden junior's lane, then as a road now comes through the widow Hutchins's plantation and Mayberry Helm's planta- tion, then as straight as it can be conveniently cut through Messrs. Alexander Lawson and William Lux's lands to the intersection of the main road that leads to Baltimore Town just above the upper end of Mr. Lux's plantation." (Balto. County Court Proceedings, "Sessions,' 1757-1759, f. 21.)
The road thus described was undoubtedly that which is now called the Windsor Mill Road. The ford called William Miller's ford evidently owed its name to a certain William Miller, who, in the year 1763, con- veyed to Edward Smith part of " Crowley's First Venture " on the west side of Gwinn's Falls, beginning at the mouth of Dead Run, and running up the Falls a considerable distance, as far, at least, as the place where the Windsor Mill Road now crosses. The main road which led to tho Baltimore Iron Works was evidently the Garrison Road, and the " Iron Works " meant the forge on the east side of Gwinn's Falls below Wilkens Avenue. The present Windsor Mill Road follows the Garrison Road for about half a mile on that part of " Parish's Range " which George Ogg bought of Edward Parish in 1697, and which John Wilmot sold to John Wooden in 1738. In 1752 John Wooden deeded to his son John Wooden, Jr., the lower part of this tract, and the same year he gave to his son Solomon Wooden the upper part. He kept the middle part for himself. William Huchins or Houohins in 1757 owned part of " Parish's Range " immediately east of that which was then in possession of John Wooden, Jr. This he purchased in two parcells from John Wilmot in 1738. East of William Hutchins was a part of " Parish's Fear " which Mayberry Helm then owned in right of his wife Anna, a daughter of Edward Parish. Alexander Lawson then owned tracts called " Hap Hazard," " Happy Be Lucky " and " Daniel's Whimsey " which he purchased from the executors
248 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
clined to favor the theory that the Old Frederick Road, if any existing road, may be identical with the road of 1697, described by Captain Oldton.
The Old Frederick Eoad branches off from the present Fred- erick Turnpike east of Loudon Park Cemetery, and crosses Patapsco Falls several miles above Ellicott City, where Elli- cott's Upper Mills, originally Hood's Mill, were situated. At this place there was formerly a ford which was known as Air's Ford or as Gardiner's Wading-place.^'^ If we are correct in
of John Gardiner in 1741. Part of these lands lies hetween "Parish's Fear " and " Chatsworth." The latter tract in 1757 was in the possession of William Lux. A study of these facts should, I think, convince the reader that the road described in the above record was no other than the Windsor Mill Road. The old Windsor Mill on Gwinn's Falls, some distance above the mouth of Dead Run, is shown on a map entitled " Road From Baltimore to Patapsco Falls," Package Plats, No. 184.
*" In the year 1766 there was granted to James Hood, wheelwright, under a writ of ad quod damnum, a tract of twenty acres, lying on both sides of Patapsco Falls, " near a place or Ford called Air's Ford " ( Chancery Proceedings, Liber D. D. No. 2, Jt. 5). The land thus condemned was made up of parts of several tracts, including " Hood's Haven," " Cockey's Regulation " and " Baker's Delight." Another reference to Air's Ford will be found in the Maryland Gazette for March 2nd, 1769, in an advertise- ment inserted by Valentine Brown, Jr. " Cockey's Regulation " was pa- tented to Thomas Cockey January 30th, 1747, being a resurvey of an unpatented tract called " Long Discovery," which was laid out for Christo- pher Gardiner in the year 1719. In Barrister Charles Carroll's " Collec- tion of Land Certificates Chiefly in Anne Arundel and Baltimore Coun- ties " we find the following description of "Cockey's Regulation": " beginning at a bounded white oak and a bounded hickory by the falls side (i. e., Patapsco Falls) a little below Gardner's Wading place, the original beginning of Long Discovery." No mention is made of " Gard- ner's Wading Place " in the original certificate of " Cockey's Regulation." The original certificate of "Long Discovery" (Unpatented Certificates, Baltimore County, No. 913) is mutilated, and the part which described the beginning of the land is missing. It seems quite probable that the wading place was mentioned in the certificate of " Long Discovery." In the year 1774 Benjamin Hood, the heir of James Hood, conveyed to Joseph, Andrew, Nathaniel and John Ellicott, and to George Wall, Jr., "Hood's Haven," "Baker's Delight" and "Addition to Hood's Haven," and also " the remainder or residue for a term of eighty years for twenty acres condemned for a grist mill"; and in 1777 George Wall, Jr., con- veyed to the Ellicott brothers his share of these lands. The mills known
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAKRISON." 249
our supposition that the road west from the Garrison went to the South Branch of Patapsco Falls, the identity of the Old Frederick Road and the road " to the Inhabitants," fourteen miles in length, seems the more probable. Unfortunately, how- ever, no certain proof of the antiquity of the Old Frederick Road appears to be obtainable.^®
as Ellicott's Upper Mills were built on this property. In Charles W. Evan's " Biographical Accounts of the Fox, Ellicott and Evans Families," published in 1882, there is a wood-cut of Ellicott's Upper Mills, which, according to the author, dates from about 1781. This wood-cut shows the old ford which crossed Patapsco Falls below the mill-dam.
*In the year 1774 the Maryland Assembly passed an act for the " im provement of the principal market roads " in Baltimore, Anne Arundel and Frederick Coimties, and voted a loan to the inhabitants of the said counties " to be laid out " in opening, straightening, widening and repair ing and putting in good order " certain roads in these counties, including " the road from Frederick Town leading over Rue's Ford on Monocacy and crossing Patuxent River at Green's Bridge to Annapolis; the road from Frederick Town leading over the said Ford on Monocacy, and crossing Patapsco at or near Hood's Mill to Baltimore Town." (Laws of Mary- land, 1774, Chapter XXI.)
In the year 1792 the Maryland Assembly passed a law which was entitled:
" An act to establish the road from Baltimore-Town towards Frederick- town, by Ellicott's Upper Mills, as far as the Poplar Spring, as a public road." (Laws of Maryland, 1792, Chapter XXXV.)
This act recalls the fact that " sundry inhabitants of Baltimore, Anne Arundel and Frederick County . . . have set fourth that from time immemorial ther hath been a road leading from Baltimore Town to the town of Frederick by Dillon's Field, Ellicott's Upper Mills, Cumming's New Buildings, Fox's, the Red House, Cook's Tavern and the Poplar Spring and that it hath never been made into a public road."
As we have noted before, Ellicott's Upper Mills were erected on the site of an earlier mill which was built by James Hood in or about 1766, and, with the land belonging to it, was conveyed to the Ellicott brothers in 1774. It is hardly possible, however, that the above acts of the Mary- land Assembly refer to the same road.
Before we conclude this article on the Baltimore County rangers, their roads, their principal fort and their several out- posts, we venture to advance a theory with regard to the motive which led to the choice of the land at the head of Slaughterhouse
250 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Run as the site of the Garrison. The reason why the Garrison was built at this place, and not somewhere else between the Susquehannah River and the Main Falls of the Patapsco, in all that wide range of what was then Baltimore County, has, so far as we are aware, never been explained ; and it is likely that to the few who have given attention to the subject of the Garrison, its situation seemed so natural, so little peculiar, so much, as it were, where we might have expected to find it, as to necessitate no explanation.
However, we believe that a definite, even a cogent reason may have determined the selection of the site, and that this reason may be found in the theory that two important main Indian highways crossed one another at that point, or in its immediate neighborhood, paths over which Indian troops and bands, bound on hunting or war expeditions, had long been accustomed to travel. If this was indeed the case, the Garrison served another purpose than that of headquarters and fort for the Rangers. It served as a place for intercepting, observing and overaweing Indian wayfarers on their usual roads, and for impressing upon them the strength and warlike intentions of the English settlers. Looking back, as it is our privilege to do, over the subsequent history of the place, we realize that in but a comparatively few years after the Garrison was built this was beginning to be civilized, settled country; but we need not be reminded, that, at the time when the Garrison was erected, the country about and adjacent to it had an uninter- rupted savage past extending back through all antiquity.
Those who have read this author's articles on " The Old Indian Road " may remember that we traced, by means of ref- erences found in records of the eighteenth century, a road called " The Old Indian Road " from a point somewhere south-west of Westminster down along the divide between Beaver Run and the North Branch of Patapsco Falls, and across the Falls at Lawndale, to the neighborhood of Woodensburg, where we lost certain trace of it. We also followed a road of the same name from a point a short distance west of the Garrison across the
THE BALTIMOKE COUNTY " GAEEISON." 251
head of the West Branch of Jones Falls to the Main Falls of Patapsco River at Woodstock, coinciding, between Scutt's Level Branch and the Falls, with the present Old Court Road.
It is a serious question in my mind whether these two sections of Indian road may safely be regarded as parts of one and the same Indian highway. That section, which is partly today represented by the Old Court Road, has the appearance of being part of a road which came from eastward of the Garrison. If we attempt to join on the map the known eastern limit of this section of road with the southern known end of that other section, the result will be a road which seems rather aimless, and is in sharp contrast to the appearance of the two sections by themselves, crosses Patapsco Falls and then, after bending around through the central part of Baltimore County, somewhat sharply returns to Patapsco Falls again.
The theory that the Old Indian Road, along which the Court Road was originally laid out, was part of an extensive Indian highway which crossed old Baltimore County from east to west, or in that general direction, is not entirely in want of facts to support it. We know from the deposition of a certain Charles Hewitt, taken in the year 1697, that an Indian trail passed across the Forks of Gunpowder River a few miles above the head of tidewater, and that Indians were then using this road in going to or returning from " their hunting Quarters." The deponent declares that Indians have been lately passing his house dressed in war paint and fully armed " under pretence of going to Potomock to trade." ^^ We know further that a ford on Deer Creek not far above Sandy Hook was formerly known as the Indian Ford, and that a tradition existed in that neighborhood of an Indian road which went to Patapsco River, if not farther.^^ These evidences appear to justify the suppo- sition that the Old Indian Road betwen the Garrison and Wood- stock was part of a long Indian highway which ran from some
* " The Old Indian Road," Part I, Maryland Historical Magazine, Juno, 1920, p. 115 et seq. •"'The Old Indian Road," Part I, p. 123-124.
252 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
ford on the lower Susquehanna River south-west across Harford County, crossed the Great Falls of Gunpowder River near the mouth of that stream, probably at the Long Calm, and then took a west course to the vicinity of the Garrison, destined to some unknown place on Potomac River. As we shall presently observe, this could not have been a Seneca trail. It was prob- ably used by the Delawares. At what ford it crossed the Sus- quehanna, if, as seems not unlikely, it did cross that river, we cannot positively tell. The lowest ford on the Susquehanna appears to have been that which was known to the English as the Bald Friar.^^ If this was indeed a Delaware road, an
" A tract of land called " Maiden's Mount " surveyed for Robert West June 10th, 1721, is thus described:
" Lying on the west side of Susquehanna River, beginning at four bounded Beeches in the Ford bottom of the said River near the mouth of a small branch."
This land lies on the west side of the Susquehanna River opposite to the place still known as the Bald Friar.
In a letter written in the year 1723 by Governor Charles Calvert to Governor Keith of Pennsylvania, Governor Calvert notified Governor Keith that he intended to take astronomical observations on the 11th of September of that year " upon the plantation of Robert West called Maiden's Mount in Baltimore County but commonly known by the name of Bald Fryar " (John Gibson's History of York County, p. 38, quoted from Pennsylvania Archives) .
" Barnes's Delight," surveyed for Ford Barnes September 15th, 1725, lies on the west side of Susquehanna River, " beginning at a bounded white oak at the head of a branch descending into the Ford Bottom."
The " Ford Bottom " alluded to in the above certificates of survey was the river valley or " bottom " adjacent to the Bald Friar Ford. The name proves that the ford was known to the English as early as 1721.
A tract of land called " Paradise," which adjoins " Maiden's Mount " on the south and west, is thus described in a deed from John Hammond to Wm. Cannon dated March 9th, 1730: " Lying upon the Rock Runn (now Peddler Branch) near the lower Ford on the west side of Susquehanna River."
The Bald Friar Ford seems to have been the lowest ford on the Sus- quehanna River. The next above was probably at Peach Bottom.
In November, 1754, the Court appointed Skipwith Cole overseer of the roads " from the Rock Run to the ford and from the Rock Run to
Zachariah Spencer's" (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber , 1733-
1734, f. 354 et seq.). The Upper Rock Run or Peddler Branch was meant.
In November, 1756, the inhabitants on the north side of Deer Creek
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAKEISON." 253
explanation is found for tlie fact that the South Branch of Patapsco River was called the Delaware Falls.®^
The question of the Seneca Indian road this author has already discussed in " The Old Indian Road." ^^ We know
presented to the Court the following petition : " that some time ago your Worships were petitioned by a number of the Inhabitants aforesaid that a road might be laid out from Col Rigbie's (Colonel Nathaniel Rigbie's, near Darlington — W. B. M.) late deceased to Susquehannah Ford com- monly called the Bald Friar landing which petition the court was pleased to grant but nothing to any purpose done in clearing the same and at last was entirely neglected. That at present there seems to be a more urgent necessity for a road to the said landing than formerly numbers of people about Deer Creek and the Land of Nodd forest having frequent occasion to travel the same, there being now a Ferry kept at the opposite side of the said landing and a store there erected besides a very great conveniency of a market whereby your petitioners may have an opportunity of disposing of wheat and corne etc. to a good advantage without the fatigue of attending markets at a much greater distance as also it being the most near and convenient way for most of your petitioners who may have occasion to travel to Lancaster." (Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, Liber B. B. No. C, 1756, November Court, 1756.) The petitioners added that they thought it would be more convenient to lay out the said road " from the Chappell adjoining John Dunn's land and so continuing until it enters near to the house of John West and so down to the river."
In the year 1757 the Court appointed John West overseer " of the road from the Chappell adjoining to John Dunn's land and so continuing untill it enters near to the house of John West and so down to Susquehannah Forde called the Bald Fryers." ( Balto. Co. Court Proceedings, " Sessions," 1757-1759, f. 88) ; and in the year 1759 the Court appointed David Morgan overseer of the road " from the Bald Friers Ferry leading to the Chappell till it intersects the main road leading from Ashmore's Mill to Eock Run landing (the Lower Rock Rim, where another ferry was kept — W. B. M.) " (same, f. 180).
The certificate of survey of an island called Indian Island (unpatented Certificate 240, Harford County) surveyed for John Kirk, 1820, mentions the "Bald Friar Ferry House."
It is said that Lafayette's army crossed the Susquehanna River at the Bald Friar Ford.
•* For the names " Delaware Falls," " Delaware Bottom " and " Dela- ware Hundred " see " The Old Indian Road," Part III, Maryland His- torical Magazine, December, 1920, 351. A tract called " Delaware Bot- tom " was laid out on the South Branch of Patapsco in 1717. In 1678 the Delaware Indians laid claim to the lands in the then upper parts of Baltimore and Cecil Counties. (Md. Archives, Vol. XV, p. 175.)
" " The Old Indian Road," Part I, p. 110 et seq.
254 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
that in the year 1680 the road which the Senecas followed in their excursions southward passed near the house of a certain Anthony Demondidier, a Frenchman, then a resident of Balti- more County ; and that the only lands which Anthony Demon- didier owned at this time were three tracts, " Rich Neck Level," " Cold Comfort " ^* and " Roper's Range," which are situated on the south side of the Middle Branch of Patapsco River, the first two on the site of Westport, at the mouth of Gwinn's Falls, and the third not far distant, between Westport and the mouth of the Middle Branch. Concerning this Seneca road we also have valuable knowledge of a negative character. Colonel George Wells, who commanded the Baltimore County militia, was of the opinion that an attack made by Indians on the house of Thomas Richardson on Gunpowder River in the month of May, 1680, could not have been made by Senecas, because " the house lyes a greate way from their roade in a neck." This testi- mony of Colonel Wells' eliminates from our consideration the south eastern part of Old Baltimore County.
It is a well-known fact that the Susquehannough Indians, after being defeated by the Five Nations in 1673-4, took refuge in Maryland, and were allowed to settle at the Falls of Potomac River, where they built a fort. In the month of September, 1675, some outrages were committed by Indians in Maryland and Virginia, which were attributed to the Susquehannoughs. Maryland troops under Major Thomas Trueman thereupon marched to the Susquehannough fort, and a certain John Shankes, an interpreter, was dispatched to request the Susque- hanonughs to send some of their " great men " out of the fort to confer with Major Trueman. Five men came out under promise of safety, and these were bound and afterwards put to
" " Cold Comfort " was conveyed by Thomas Taylor to Philip Smith in 1724, who conveyed it to Charles Carroll. (Prov. Court Proceeding?, Liber P. L. No. 8, p. 232.) Dr. Carroll sold the land to Benjamin Tasker and others. " Rich Level " or " Rich Neck Level," which adjoins " Cold Comfort," was resurveyed for Dr. Carroll under the name of " The Level." The beginning of " The Level " is shown on Samuel Green's map of the Baltimore Iron Works Company's lands, 1811.
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEKISON." 255
death. For this deed Major Trueman was tried, but was eventually acquitted.
On May 19th, 1676, John Shankes, the interpreter, who was summoned as a witness in the trial of Major Trueman, made a deposition before the Upper House, from which we quote the following : ®^
" This Depon* saith that he w*^ the Mary Land forces being at the forte of the Susquehannoughs on the Sabboth day he was sent up to the forte to desire one of the greate men by name Harignera To Come and Speake with Majo^ Truman and the said Harignera being dead This Deponent desired Some other great men to come and Speake with the s*^ Majo"^ Vpon which message of his there came out 3 or 4 of them, and this Depon* was commanded by the Majo^ to tell them of the great Injuries that had been done to the Country and th* he came to know Who they were th* had done them, and the great men Eeplyed it was the Senecaes and this Depon^ Saith that there being p^'sent other Indians from other Townes the Majo'" desired some to theire Young men To assist as Pilates as well as the Neighbouring Indians had done to Joyne in the pursuite ag* the Senecaes, And the Said Indians Replyed th*^ the Seneca's had been gone 4 days and th* by th* time they might be at the head of Patapscoe River to w*^ Majo^ Trueman Retorned that he had good horses and they were good foot men and migh soon overtake them and the Indians Replyed they would, etc., etc."
In the year 1680, when an incursion of the Seneca Indians into Maryland was expected, a force of twelve men was ordered out " for the secureing of the ffrontire plantations of Pa- tapscoe." ^®
In the year 1678 a conference was held at the Pascattaway fort in Zechia Swamp, Charles County, between Lord Balti- more and Thomas Notley, on the part of the Province of Mary- land, and the " speaker " and " great men " of the Pascattaway Indians. A certain Indian, then a guest of the Pascattaways,
"'Md. Archives, Vol. II, f. 481. •« Md. Archives, Vol. XV, p. 308.
4
256 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
who had been a prisoner of the Senecas, and had lately made his escape, on being asked " how many Dales Journey " it was from the four forts of the Seneca Indians to the Pascattaway fort, replied that he was "three Moones comeing from thence." ®^
In May, 1781, Jacob Young, the Dutch interpreter, reported to the Council of Maryland that more than two hundred Seneca Indians were " now upon their voyage downe to the Pascatto- way Indians " and that " they have to their guide the King of the Mattawomans, and intend by presents to endeavour to draw the Pascattoways with them, but if they cannot to destroy them where they light of them." Jacob Young declared that he had his information about the Senecas " from some Delaware In- dians that spoke with them up Susquehannoh River," and that he considered the time opportune " to treat with those Northern Indians at the Pascattoway ffort in Zachiah Swamp," where they would shortly arrive.®*
As the Senecas were in need of a guide, we suspect that the road which they followed through Maryland was in reality an old Susquehannough trail.
After the defeat of the Susquehannoughs at their Potomac fort in the year 1675 by the Virginia and Maryland Militia, they returned to their old fort on Susquehanna River, which, in 1676, was described as " about sixty miles above Palmer's Island," ®^ that is, above the island now called Watson's Island, at the mouth of the Susquehanna. In the month of June, 1678, a rumor was circulated in Maryland, that the Senecas "by Instigation of the Remaineing p* of the Susquesahannoughs now amongst them are designed to come downe and make warr upon the Pascattoway Indians toward the Latter End of this Summer, w*^ the s<i Pascattoway Indians doe verily beleive and suspect." The Council, at a meeting held June 13th, 1678, decided " that Jacob Young be Empowered to goe to the Old
"Md. Archives, Vol. XV, p. 240. ^Md. Archives, Vol. XV, p. 358. •»Md. Archives, XV, p. 122. ■ - • -
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GARKISON." 257
Susquehannoh ffort and to treate with the great men of the Sinnequos ISTations touching the said Rumo*"." ^"^
We now return to the subject of Anthony Demondidier's residence in 1680. The lands which Demondidier then owned lay in a sort of cul de sac. An Indian road which came down into Maryland from the North, and went southward to some place on the Potomac, would, if it crossed the Main Falls of Potapsco, have crossed that stream at some ford, and we know that the lowest fording-place on the river was somewhere near Relay or Avalon. If such a road had followed down the divide between Gwinn's Falls and Patapsco Falls, and had crossed at even the lowest ford, it would not conceivably have passed very near to the known site of Anthony Demondidier's lands. On the other hand, a road which ran to the eastward of Gwinn's Falls, until it reached one of the two lowest fords on that stream, and there forded and then struck across country to a ford on Patapsco Falls, would have passed within a mile and a quarter, or less, of these lands. It is quite probable that in the year 1680 there were no plantations on Gwinn's Falls higher up than that of Demondidier. We have elsewhere ob- served the fact that Richard Gwinn cleared a plantation on the tract called " New Towne," at the mouth of Gwinn's Run, where the second ford on Gwinn's Falls was situated; but Gwinn did not die before 1692, and this plantation may not have been made until a few years before his death.
Our theory with regard to the Seneca (or Susquehannough) road is that it was identical with the Old Indian Road which we traced from a point in the vicinity of Westminister, on Little Pipe Creek, across the North Branch of Patapsco Falls to the neighborhood of Woodensburg, and from there to the old west- ern boundary of Back River Upper Hundred, probably in the neighborhood of the Dover Road. According to our theory, the road ran southward from the head of the Worthington Valley, past the site of the Garrison, to one of the two lowest fords on Gwinn's Falls, and we would even go so far as to identify it
'"Md. Archives, XV, p. 175.
258 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
with the Old Garrison Koad, the course of which, from the Gar- rison to the second ford of Gwinn's Falls, we have just been following.
The author has elsewhere shown how a road known as the Old Conestoga Eoad,''^ which antedated the settlement of the coun- try through which it ran, and has always been reputed to be of Indian origin, extended from Conejohola on the Susquehanna, in the neighborhood of the sites of the Susquehannough forts, to Opequon in Virginia, crossing on its way Great Pipe and Little Pipe Creeks, Monocacy and Potomac Kivers. The " Old Indian Road " was certainly a branch of this road or intersected it somewhere in the Pipe Creek watershed. This puts us in a position to suppose, with a fair degree of conviction, what was the probable route taken by the Susquehannoughs and the Sene- cas in making their inroads and war expeditons down into Maryland.
There exists some foundation for the belief that the Seneca road crossed the Patapsco not far below Ellicott City. We have
" " The Old Indian Road," Part III, Maryland Historical Magazine, December, 1920, 364 et seq. An early allusion to the Conestoga Road, which was not mentioned in this article on " The Old Indian Road," will be found in a letter of Dr. Charles Carroll to Isaac Webster of Bush River, a copy of which is preserved in an old Carroll letter-book. This letter is dated August 12th, 1731, and reads in part as follows: "I observe what you mention relating to the Welsh People expected into Pennsylvania. I have now ten thousand acres of Warrant located on the Creeks called Conawago Codorus and their Draughts on Susquehanna and I am informed that I can get very near that quantity of good land thereabouts.
" I believe that selling it to them at twenty or twenty five pounds p hund** can't be thought too dear & two year for Payment at the later, & what time after it remains unpaid they to pay interest.
" Now for your encouragement I will allow you one-fifth Part of the neat proceeds on the said Land if you will make sale thereof & take the trouble yourself to survey and sliew it to the People.
" As you are acquainted with the People up that way you may enquire the Quality of the land on the Drafts of the said Creeks & on the Road that leads from Conastoga to pipe Creek & where you are best advised I would execute the said warrants which are now in Phil Jones's hands. You may make it worth your while to act herein my own Business not admitting me to go that Distance at present or I would soon do it effectually."
THE BALTIMORE COUNTY " GAEKISON." 259
lately shown that a road existed early in the eighteenth century between a ford in the neighborhood of that place and one of the lowest fords of Gwinn's Falls. A friend of the author's, the late Mr. Vachel Baseman Bennet, a native of the Fourth Dis- trict of Baltimore County, had fairly clear traditions with regard to the Old Indian Road, one of which was that it went to the Potomac, near Washington, by way of Ellicott City.'^^ The late Mr. Edward Spencer has said that it went to the Poto- mac at Pascattaway. These traditions could hardly have re- ferred to that Old Indian Road which crossed the Patapsco near Woodstock and is identical with the Old Court Road. Much more important is the testimony of Dr. Bennett Bernard Browne, who informs the author that a plat, now lost, of his father's place, " Chew's Vineyard," showed a road called " The Indian Road," which crossed Patapsco Falls at a ford known as Waterloo Ford, a mile below Ellicott City, followed up the valley of Little Bonny Branch, and from the head of the valley ran in a south-westerly direction towards Gambrill. Dr. Browne testifies that he has seen on his father's plat the words " The Indian Road " used to describe such a road. This road was, in all probability, the old Seneca or Susquehannough trail, which led off into Southern Maryland. The settled Indian population of Baltimore County in historic times was so small that there could hardly have existed any considerable number of Indian highways to puzzle and confuse the historian. Those which did exist, which had either been created after the founding of Mary- land, under the influence of the new conditions which the coming of the English made, or had survived from a prehistoric past, must have come into the county from remote places and passed to destinations which were far away.
'^ Mr. Bennett's and Mr. Spencer's traditions are given in the author'3 articles on " The Old Indian Koad."
260 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON
Edwakd S. Delaplaine Pakt Eighth
CHAPTER XIII
Brigadiek-General of the Maryland Militia
On. the 2iid of December, 1775, announcement was made on the floor of Congress ^^ that Delegate Johnson had left for home. The work of the " Secret Committee," headed by Ben- jamin Franklin, was in capable hands. Johnson knew this. And moreover he was anxious to attend the approaching ses- sion of the Provincial Convention. So, when the Convention opened at Annapolis on December 7, Mr. Johnson was in his seat.
Among the new tasks assigned to Johnson during December, 1775, were: (1) "to devise the best ways and means to promote the manufacture of salt-petre;" (2) "to draw the form of commissions for the officers of the militia of this province;" (3) "to consider and report the most effectual method of establishing a gun lock manufactory, and the expense there- of;" and (4) "to consider what alterations and amendments are necessary in the regulation of the militia of this province, and report their opinion thereon."
The advent of the year 1776 saw Maryland in the midst of preparations for war. On Saturday, January 6, the deputies, assembled in the city on the Severn, were ready to name the superior officers of the Maryland Militia. The following min- ute is included in the proceedings of that day:
" The convention elected by ballot the following persons field officers for the militia: Mr. Henry Hooper brigadier-general
*^ Journals of the Continental Congress, Vol. m.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 261
of the lower district on tlie eastern shore. Mr. James Lloyd Chamberlaine of the upper district. Mr. John Dent of the lower district on the western shore. Mr. Andrew Buchanan of the middle district. Mr. Thomas Johnson, jun., of the upper district." ^^
Thereupon it was resolved that the said brigadiers-general rank in the following manner: first, Brigadier-General John- son; second, Brigadier-General Hooper; third, Brigadier-Gen- eral Dent; fourth, Brigadier-General Chamberlaine; fifth, Brigadier-General Buchanan. A lawyer, without military ex- perience, thus became the supreme commander of the Militia.
Johnson's acceptance of the commission of senior Brigadier- General did not, however, release him from his obligations as a member of the Convention. For example, on the following Tuesday, January 9th, when it was resolved " that a committee be appointed to prepare and report a scheme for the emission of bills of credit, to defray the expenses of defending this province," General Johnson was elected by ballot to serve on the committee with James Tilghman, Hollyday, Rumsey and Hooe.
Nor was Gen. Johnson released from his duties as a member of the Continental Congress. For when the Convention, on January 12th, instructed the Maryland members of Congress to keep in mind the " avowed end and purpose for which these Colonies originally associated — the redress of American griev- ances and securing the rights of the Colonies," Thomas Johnson, Jr., was specifically named, along with Tilghman, Goldsbor- ough. Chase, Stone, Paca, Alexander and Rogers, as being bound by the instructions. Brigadier-General Johnson's posi- tion was a peculiar one. The same Convention that called him into the field to lead the Maryland Militia against the British requested him to strive for "reconciliation with the mother country upon terms that may ensure to these Colonies an equal and permanent freedom."
^^ Proceedings of the Conventions, 1774-6, p. 78.
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Many advanced statesmen in other Colonies were amazed at the backwardness of the Maryland Convention. They could not understand why many of the leading Maryland patriots were opposed to American Independence. But the Convention ex- plained its action in this way: " The experience which we and our ancestors have had of the mildness and equity of the Eng- lish Constitution, under which we have grown up and enjoyed a state of felicity not exceeded by any people we know of, until the grounds of the present controversy were laid by the Min- istry and Parliament of Great Britain, has most strongly en- deared to us that form of government from whence these bless- ings have been derived. ... To this Constitution we are at- tached, not merely by hahit but by principle, being in our judgments persuaded it is of all known systems best calculated to secure the liberty of the subject and to guard against despo- tism on the one hand and licentiousness on the other."
The popularity of Governor Eden also had much to do with the tranquillity of the Maryland subjects. While Lord Dun- more was ravaging coastal towns and plantations of Virginia, young Sir Robert — diplomatic and affable under all circum- stances— remained cordial to all the Maryland patriots and, in turn, received every mark of courtesy and respect from the people of the Province. Even as late as the middle of Janu- ary, 1776, Governor Eden was being hospitably entertained at Stepney by Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer, President of the Council of Safety. When the Governor heard that the Pro- vincial Convention, notwithstanding the appeal to arms, still felt attached to the British Government and ardently hoped for reconciliation, he suggested to Mr, Jenifer the plan of inviting the most distinguished leaders of the Province to meet for a talk over their difficulties. In compliance with this suggestion, Jenifer wrote to Charles Carroll, barrister, on the 15th of Janu- ary that Gov. Eden desired to confer with the members of the Council of Safety and several other of the " most distinguished members of the Whig party," who might be " willing to dis- perse the cloud that has almost overshadowed and is ready to
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 263
burst upon us." According to the accepted tradition, Carroll was requested by President Jenifer to invite the leading patri- ots to dine with the Governor; but Brigadier-General Johnson, when asked what he thought of the proposal, advised Mr. Car- roll to invite such friends as he desired to his own home and then include the Governor as one of the guests. Carroll, so the story goes, accepted Johnson's suggestion as a lucky thought and began at once to prepare for the Executive, members of the Council of Safety and the other guests. Serving on the new Council — organized January 18, 1776, upon the adjournment of the Convention — in addition to President Jenifer and Car- roll were James Tilghman, Benjamin Eumsey, Thomas Smyth, Thomas B. Hands and John Hall. Among others invited to Carroll's mansion were General Johnson, Chase, Stone, Mat- thew Tilghman and James Holly day.
The dinner was set for January 19th. This was Friday; hence, as one writer suggests, Mr, Carroll, a Roman Catholic, was prohibited from offering any flesh meat to his guests on that day. 'No doubt, with this exception, all the delicacies of food and drink afforded at that time by the waters and fields of Maryland were found in abundance on the banquet table.
After the guests had been " helped around," Governor Eden opened the all-important subject of discussion.
" It is understood in England," said the Governor, " that the Continental Congress is about to form a Treaty of Alliance with France."
Johnson was the first to respond.
" Your Excellency," he said, " we will answer your ques- tion, if you will answer one for us."
Governor Eden assented.
" Well," said the new Brigadier-General, " we will candidly acknowledge that overtures have been made to France but, as yet, they have not been accepted. Now, Sir, we understand that your master, King George III, is planning to hire an army of Hessians to join the Royal forces."
The Governor admitted that he had heard the report.
264 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Whereupon General Jolinson declared : " The first Hessian soldier who puts his foot on American soil will absolve me from all allegiance to Great Britain!"
Among the authorities who accept the story of the dinner party as reliable is Scharf, who takes occasion to add that Mr. Chase, inspired by General Johnson's exclamation, declared outright that he was in favor of a Declaration of Independence. " Thus," says Mr. Scharf,^^ " we see that the resolution to be- come independent was expressed long before it was done in Congress."
It was doubtless in Barrister Carroll's home that Governor Eden indicated his desire to send friends in England copies of the resolutions of the Convention expressing " the mildness and equity of the English Constitution." The Governor prom- ised to show the contents of his letters, if the Council of Safety would use its influence to secure for his message-bearer the necessary passports from Philadelphia to New York.
Governor Eden's request was granted. So he prepared let- ters to William Eden, Lord Dartmouth and Mr. Foxcroft, wherein he assured the British Ministry that the Eesolutions of the Maryland Convention expressed the real sentiments of the people of his Province. " Far from desiring an Indepen- dency, the subjects in Maryland would," he said, " consider it a most happy event to be in precisely the same relation to the parent State as at the conclusion of the last war."
Under date of January 23, the Council of Safety requested the Maryland deputies in Congress to allow Gov. Eden's mes- sages to go through.
" The Governor has taken this measure," the Council ex- plained, " in consequence of a free conversation with Messrs. Matthew Tilghman, Thomas Johnson, Thomas Stone and James Hollyday and ourselves on the subject. The step cannot be productive of an ill effect ; it may be of the greatest service ; it may possibly bring about some overture to a general recon- ciliation. He has promised you shall have the perusal of what
"Soharf, History of Maryland, Vol. n, 218.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 265
he has wrote, when you come to Maryland. We intimate this to you to prevent the letter being stopt on suspicion of its con- taining any information or intelligence unfriendly to Amer- ica." 34
In the meantime, however, the Maryland patriots rushed their preparations for war. The Council had already notified the deputies at Philadelphia that the Convention had resolved upon the fortification of the City of Annapolis and the Town of Baltimore and inquired whether they could borrow thirty or forty 18-pounders for that purpose.
Immediately after Mr. Carroll's dinner-party, Brigadier- General Johnson left Annapolis to assume his military duties in Western Maryland. He went to Frederick Town, where he gave instructions to George Strieker, Captain of Infantry; and on Monday sent the Council of Safety the following letter explaining the situation in the " Upper District :" ^^
IGen. Johnson to the Council of Safety']
Fred. Town Gen^^ Jany 22^ 17Y6.
Strieker has accepted his commission & has had and I expect will have good success in inlisting. He proposes to be very particular in the men he takes & much wishes his, the Light Infantry Company, to be armed with Bifles. Both M^ Price & he think Bifles for a company may be soon got. Considering the difficulty of speedily arming our troops I think with them it will be advisable to lodge a sum of money in the hands of some body here. No body will do more justice to the public than C. Beatty, to purchase up what Rifles can be got. My Brother this morning let Strieker have 100 of the 200 which he brought up for building the town Jail, to assist him in re- cruiting. M^ Ford will be a very proper hand to bring up what
"11 Maryland Archives, 109. * 11 Maryland Archives, 120.
266 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
money you may think proper to send Strieker. I imagine the 250£ he applies for is not too much as well as what you may think proper for Cap* Barrett many of whose Company I ex- pect will be very good Riflemen, if collected in his neighbor- hood from where I think they may be best spared. Major Price tells me a good many public arms, some of which have been repaired at the expence of those who have them, may be collected with industry. I should be glad you^ send up an order for the Committee to collect all they can and if you think as I do to allow the people the reasonable expence of necessary repairs where the musquets came to their hands out of order. I understand about 100 gunlocks fit for Rifles — and that would do well enough to put to repaired muskets — are to be had in town. I wish you** send up about 60£ to purchase them. M"" Beatty my Brother or myself will do it if you please.
Price tells me he gained an acquaintance with one Royston at the Camp of the Artillary, who was a very clever young man & desires to come to the South and from Price's account of him he would be very serviceable in our second artillery Compy & he would be well satisfied with a first Lieutenancy. I wish if there's still room that he may be prefered to it, a trifling cir- cumstance prevented his coming with Price and he even talked of following him. Maj'' Price writes to him that troops are raising in this province & that it is likely he will be employed which he says he dare say will bring him with a strong recom- mendation from Gen* Gates to whom he is well known.
I am Gen* y^ most ob*
Th. Johnson Jun^
Within 24 hours. General Johnson's letter was in the hands of the Council of Safety. His recommendations were promptly adopted. On Tuesday, January 23, the Council issued an order on the Treasurer of the Western Shore to de- liver to Benjamin Ford 100 pounds currency, to be used in securing rifles for Captain Strieker's Company of Light Infan- try, and 60 pounds currency for the purchase of gunlocks, to be
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 267
lodged at Frederick Town with General Johnson — or, in his absence, with Baker Johnson and Charles Beatty.
During the month of February, 1776, the senior brigadier- general remained in Frederick County directing military prepa- rations. Life in the undeveloped, but potentially rich, regions of Western Maryland appealed to Johnson ; and while he realized that as long as the war with Great Britain continued he would be required to spend most of his time at Annapolis and Phila- delphia, he longed for the day when he could settle with his wife and children in the " back country." His mother had died some years before, and his father, 74 years old on the 19th of February, was near his end. His brothers, Roger, Baker, and James, were permanently established in profitable business in Frederick County; and he believed that, after the war, op- portunities in the law would be particularly bright in the fer- tile virgin country which was rapidly being developed.
These are perhaps the reasons why Thomas Johnson, Junior, of the City of Annapolis, signed himself, in a deed on February 18th, as Thomas Johnson, Junior, now of Frederick County.^^
Toward the close of February Delegate Alexander became worried over the absence of his colleagues in Congress. Gen- eral Johnson and Mr. Stone were still in Maryland ; Chase had been selected for the mission to Canada; Tilghman had not yet been heard from; Rogers had been granted a leave of ab- sence; and Alexander, too, wanted to leave for home to attend to private affairs. But feeling that it was his duty to remain until some of his " brethren " arrived, Mr. Alexander wrote the Council of Safety to request Johnson and Stone to hurry on up to Philadelphia.
Gen. Johnson, as soon as he received this summons to civil duty, dropped his military work in the environs of Frederick Town; and early in March was hastening, with all possible speed, to the seat of the General Government. At the Head of Elk he stopped, to inform Lt.-Col. Henry Hollingsworth that the Council had ordered him a supply of guns, and to receive
•• Land Records of Frederick County, Liber W, Folios 644, etc.
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a. supply of money raised by subscription in Cecil County for the purchase of powder. Off again he hurried toward Phila- delphia.
Back in Congress after three months' absence, General John- son was given a warm reception and was showered with con- gratulations upon his election as commander-in-chief of the Maryland Militia. Among the new duties assigned him in March and April, 1776, were: (1) "to take into consideration the state of the Colonies in the Southern Department;" (2) " to enquire and report the best ways and means of raising the necessary supplies to defray the expences of the war for the present year, over and above the emission of bills of credit;" (3) "to consider the propriety of a War Office;" (4) "to ex- amine and ascertain the value of the several species of gold and silver coins, current in these Colonies, and the proportion they ought to bear to Spanish milled dollars;" and (5) " to take into consideration the state of the Eastern Department and report thereon." He was also asked to consider messages from Gen- eral Washington, General Schuyler, the Maryland Council of Safety, and the Commissioners to Canada, together with a num- ber of other communications.
Johnson cheerfully rendered these duties for the United Col- onies. But the responsibilities that fell upon him as Brigadier- General now took a large part of his time and attention. Im- mediately upon his arrival in Philadelphia he searched high and low for powder; but he learned that not a single pound could be secured anywhere in the city. Only a few days later, however, there arrived a vessel laden with 2,000 pounds of powder, six tons of lead and various other supplies. It was about this time that Philadelphia received the news that a man-of-war had appeared in the Chesapeake. Johnson an<l Alexander lost no time in making application for a ton of powder. Their request was granted. The Virginia Delega- tion, apprehensive that the ship might cause great damage in the Bay, offered to Maryland an additional ton. Johnson and Alexander gladly accepted this load, too, and late Saturday
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 269
night (March 9, 1776) they sent off a dispatch advising the Maryland Council of the shipping of the two tons of powder.
One effort General Johnson and Mr. Alexander made at this session of Congress was to dispose of the Maryland ship, Defence. They went before the Marine Committee and urged the purchase of the vessel from Maryland. The offer of sale, however, did not appeal to the committee; and General John- son felt it was advisable to let the matter rest until a later date. Writing to the Council on March 26th, Alexander and Johnson said by way of consolation : " T. J, confirms our Opin- ion that if any Depredations should take place after we had parted from the vessell it would be imputed to the sale of her."
Each day brought news of distress in the South — and grow- ing appeals for help. One of the causes for alarm in Maryland was the lack of money. Collectors were sent through the coun- ties to collect gold and silver coin with the promise that Con- tinental money would be given in exchange. The supply of provincial money was about exhausted. On March 17, the Council of Safety wrote the Maryland delegates that it was looking every day for the Continental money and for the plates and paper for the new emission. " Unless the plates and paper are furnished in a very short time," said the Council, " the Treasury will be exhausted and the credit of the Province must fail."
On March 26, Delegates Johnson and Alexander replied: " Mr. Eittenhouse has been pressed to get the plates done. He has been lately chosen into the Assembly, which has been sit- ting a good while past. He promises to let us have plates to begin, enough for one sheet, next week. The paper was to be finished about this time." On April 2, Johnson, Alexander, Paca and Stone assured the Council that their message-bearer would set out from Philadelphia within a few days with a sup- ply of Continental money. " We hope," they said, " the plates and the paper may be sent off about the same time." Finally, on April 9, Johnson, Stone and Alexander explained that 51 reams of paper were on the way to Annapolis. " The plates,"
270 MABYLAND HISTOBICAL MAGAZINE.
they wrote, " are not yet done. Mr. Rittenhouse now promises they shall be done by next Saturday and as the Assembly is adjourned we hope he will fulfill his promise. They shall be forwarded by the post or some safe hand as soon as done." ^^
This is but one instance of the myriad of harassing difficul- ties and delays encountered during the Revolutionary War by the members of the Continental Congress. They worked un- remittingly, by day and by night, trying to locate muskets and powder, knapsacks and haversacks, linen and duck, oznabrigs and spatterdashes, leather breeches, hunting shirts, stockings and shoes. The day of resolutions and debate was past. The thirteen Colonies were now on a wild chase for arms and ammu- nition, for clothing and other supplies, as well as for money.
CHAPTER XIV The End of the Pkopeietary
Shortly after his arrival in Virginia in the spring of 1776, General Charles Lee came into possession of a packet of papers from England, addressed to Governor Robert Eden of Mary- land. The packet was taken from a messenger on his way from Dunmore's fleet to Annapolis. Included in the papers were : An offer of pardon to everyone who ceased resistance to the Crown; an appeal from Lord Dartmouth to give aid to the British ; letters from Governor Eden's brother ; and a com- munication from Sir George Germain, Lord Dartmouth's suc- cessor in the Colonial office. Lord Germain disclosed that a great armament of land and sea forces was preparing to pro- ceed to the southward, in his Lordship's expression, " in order to attempt the restoration of legal government in that part of America." Governor Eden was urged to give " facility and assistance to its operations " by co-operating with Lord Dun- more.
General Lee sent copies of the intercepted letters to Samuel Purviance, chairman of Baltimore County Committee of Ob-
"11 Maryland Archives, 290, 306, 319.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 271
servation, together with a confidential message, pompously authorizing Mr. Purviance to seize Governor Eden in the name of General Lee.
Mr. Purviance sent copies of the letters to John Hancock, president of the Continental Congress, and attached an un- signed letter of his own, in which he severely condemned the Council of Safety and avowed that he would, on his own re- sponsibility, send off an expedition to Annapolis to arrest Gov- ernor Eden. The anonymous letter was intended as a personal note for Mr. Hancock. Mr. Purviance's plans, however, did not materialize as he expected — as is shown by General John- son in the following letter:^*
\_Gen. Johnson to the Council of Safety]
Philadelphia Gentlemen. 17 April 1776.
Yesterday morning just before the meeting of Congress, the letters from Bait, which occasioned the Resolution of yesterday came to the hands of the President. By the same express, and as I believe under the same cover came an Anonymous letter referring to a copy therein inclosed from Gen^ Lee to M'^ Samuel Purviance. I saw and read the copy which was in Purviances hand writing. Lee strongly urged the immediate seizing and securing of the Gov^. After the minutes of the preceeding day were read the President began reading the Anonymous letter, but he had not proceeded far before he came to a part desiring that it might not be made known to the Con- gress but, as I think, to such only as the President might thinli proper to trust with the contents, the President hesitated, for he had not before read the letter, and seemed desirous of run- ning his Eye over it but on being desired to read out he did so, from the inclosure above mentioned as well as many ex- pressions in the letter and M'" Purviances being the Heroe of the tale which was told in the first person, I had not the least
"•11 Maryland Archives, 347. 5
2Y2 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
doubt but that Purviance was the Author and M^ Andrew Allen who saw the letter and is acquainted with Purviances hand writing says it was his.
The letter informs that the writer of it had impressed on Gen^ Lee, in his way to Virg^ an Idea that the Council of Safety was timorous and inactive and represents the Council of Safety and Convention too as being afraid to execute the Duties of their Stations, his own and the conduct of the Con- vention on an affair that you must remember he contrasts to the Disadvantage of the latter whose inaction he imputes to want of spirit. He speaks of the orders he gave Cap^ Nichol- son on the late alarm and how the Council of Safety was alarmed and frightened at the spirit and boldness of them — represents himself as an object against whom the intentions of the Council of Safety are levelled and in proof recites a con- versation with, or saying of, one of them to the effect that he was a warm man or a hot headed man whose power must be pulled down or he would throw things into Confusion. As I heard the letter read but once I cannot undertake to repeat expressions with exactness but I think I have preserved the sentiments and have not exaggerated in any thing and on the whole I esteem it a vile injurious calumny calculated like his conversation with Gen^ Lee to spread suspicion and distrust of the only executive in our province. If I am not mistaken the letter mentions further that some Gen^ were sent from Bait, or were by him proposed to be sent to Annapolis, who should engage the officer commanding the troops there to secrecy under Oath and their endeavour to get his assistance to execute what you are requested to do by the resolution, this I suppose may be easily traced.
As soon as the letter was read a motion was made to send the original or a copy of it to you which was warmly supported but it was put off till to day to make way for the Consideration of the subject of the Express and in the meantime all was ordered to be secret. Mess^^ Stone and Alexander who had been delayed in writing letters for the post, came into the Congress, in this
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 273
stage of the affair and are, as well as myself, privy to the after transactions :
I am Gen* Your mo obed* Servant,
Th. Johnson Jun'^
General Johnson renewed his fight in the House on the I7th to get possession of the anonymous letter from Maryland; but President Hancock stuck to the view that it was a private com- munication, and, after considerable debate, Johnson's motion was defeated.
Congress also passed a resolution requesting the Maryland Council of Safety to seize Governor Eden.
The following letter presents the arguments advanced pro and con on the floor of the Congress : ^^
[Gen. Johnson to the Council of Safetyl Gent.
We moved yesterday in Congress, that the letter referred to by M^ Johnson, should be immediately transmitted to you that you might have an opportunity of vindicating your Honour against the malitious charges made by the writer, this pro- duced a warm debate which lasted for several hours, we insisted (and were supported by several Gentlemen) that the letter con- taining the most severe reflections upon you as a publick Body ought not to be concealed; that it was absolutely necessary in the present state of our Affairs that the Dignity of the Execu- tives of every province should be supported if properly con- ducted and if there rested a suspicion that any publick Body either from weakness or want of integrity omitted or refused to execute the Trust committed to them it ought to be made known to their constituents that the power might be placed in more safe Hands. That the exertions of the Letter Writer had already produced in part of the Council of Virginia distrust and suspicion of you : That we had the most convincing proofs upon all occasions of your integrity, Vigilance and Activity in
"11 Maryland Archives, 351.
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the common cause : And therefore esteemed it our duty to insist that justice might be done, to your injured characters.
It was argued against the motion that the letter was confi- dential, that it had raised no suspicions in the congress of your zeal or integrity, because they had reposed the highest confidence in you, immediately afterwards by the recommenda- tion sent by the return of the express. And that the mischief which would be produced by communicating the letters would be greater than any benefit which could be expected from it. And that the President was not obliged to produce the letter for the Congress to take order thereon, Although it had been read in the House.
Upon the question whether the President should be requested to lay the letter before congress five colonies voted in the neg® three in the affirm^ and one divided. We conceived this treat- ment to you & our province to be cruel and ungenerous to the last degree, the obligation to secrecy expired yesterday and we immediately determined to give you such a state of this Trans- action as our memories supply us with ; and M"^ Johnson com- mitted to writing what passed on the first day.
"We this morning waited on M^ Hancock to demand the letter, but he refused to see us, Thus the affair rests at present, & as we cannot delay communicating it to you longer. We have ordered an express immediately to set out for Annapolis and have not the least doubt but you will take the proper steps to vindicate your Honour against the foul Calumny of M^ Purviance who has dared to detract from your Patriotism & spirit. We are determined at all hazards to support you, and tho very sorry for the occasion hope you have complied with the recommendation of Congress, by securing M'" Eden and his papers. If he has conducted himself fairly an Examination will do him credit if otherwise we ought to know it and guard against his unfriendly endeavours. We shall write you by the Post and are Gen* Y^ most ob*^ Ser*^
Th. Johnson Jun' Phil* T. Stone,
Thursday 18 April 1776. E. Alexander.
THE lilFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON". 275
President Hancock immediately sent off to Annapolis the resolutions requesting the seizure of Governor Eden. Tii9 Massachusetts statesman attached a personal letter, in which he said the Congress relied on the diligence and zeal of the Coun- cil of Safety for the execution of the resolutions.
But the members of the Council of Safety were not in a hurry to arrest Governor Eden. They placed more confidence in General Johnson's opinion than in the advice of John Han- cock and the resolutions of the Continental Congress. "We have," the Council assured the Marylanders at Philadelphia, " all the advantages we could have had, if we had committed him (Governor Eden) to the public Goal, and we are per- suaded many more. ^Nobody can believe that we are courting the Governor at present: 'tis the Peace and Happiness of the Province we wish to preserve, and we are persuaded that it will be best done by keeping up the ostensible Form of our 'Chartered Constitution." At the same time the Council thanked General Johnson and his colleagues for their efforts — unsuccessful though they were — in this connection. " We feel for you ;" was the word from home. " The insult offered by Mr, Hancock in not admitting you to his presence must have been grating."
Replying to President Hancock, President Jenifer declared the members of the Council were quite aware of the facts in the case and had taken proper measures. On April 23, General Johnson informed Mr. Jenifer that the Maryland deputies ap- proved the conduct of the Council of Safety and were deter- mined to support it. " The letter to the President," wrote General Johnson, " gave high offence to some of the very hot gentlemen. I^o Resolution is yet formed on it, but probably will today." ^°
It appears, however, that no further action was taken by Congress in this direction. Some of Governor Eden's corres- pondence was printed in the Philadelphia newspapers, causing
■ **11 Maryland Archives, 372.
276 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
considerable public resentment against the titular Maryland Executive; but General Johnson and his associates, knowing the kind of man Sir Robert Eden was, discredited the charges which the intercepted letters from England seemed to impute.
Brig. -Gen. Johnson was imbued, as he had been during the debate over Governor Dunmore, with the thought that the Gov- ernment of Great Britain was fundamentally beneficent ; that the Colonies should ever hold in mind the prospect of recon- ciliation with the Crown ; but that he would be ready for war, if war was inevitable. Back in October, 1775, when the forward delegates advocated the resolution requesting Virginia to seize Lord Dunmore, Johnson cried on the floor of Congress : " I see less and less prospect of a reconciliation every day ; but I would not render it impossible!" And still he clung to this idea, ^or was he alone in this view. As long as the command- er-in-chief of Maryland's militia held to this opinion, the other deputies from Maryland — with the exception of Chase — stood steadfast by his side. For example, as late as April 24, 1776, Delegate Stone, writing to President Jenifer, assured the folks at home that he hoped for reconciliation with the Crown. His views coincided with those of General Johnson. " I wish,"' said Stone, "to conduct affairs so that a just and honorable reconciliation should take place, or that we should be pretty unanimous in a resolution to fight it out for Independence. The proper way to effect this is not to move too quick. But then we must take care to do ever}i;hing which is necessary for our security and defence, not suffer ourselves to be lulled or wheedled by any deceptions, declarations or givings out. You know my hearty wishes for peace upon terms of security and justice to America. But war, anything is preferable to a sur- render of our rights." The Marylanders were patriotic, but they were also conservative.
The Maryland Convention was scheduled to meet again in May, and Brig.-Gen. Johnson was now preparing once more to depart from Philadelphia before adjournment of Congress. On the 25th of April, a message, signed by Johnson, Tilghman and
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 277
Stone, was dispatched to the Council of iSafety, asking for the attendance of Mr. Rogers, in order that, so the letter said, " as many of us as might be should be at the Convention." They added : " We don't think the Province ought to be left unrepre- sented here."
In the meantime, Mr. Purviance had been haled before the 'Council of Safety. He acknowledged, on being examined, that the anonymous letter criticizing the Maryland authorities contained some of his sentiments but he swore he could not remember writing it. " He prevaricated most abominably," thought the Council, which gave him a reprimand and placed him under bond to appear before the Provincial Convention.
The Convention, assembling at Annapolis May 8, 1776, re- ceived the formal complaint against Purviance and decided to form a special committee to examine the documents relating to the controversy and to report back to the Convention concern- ing the charges. Brigadier-General Thomas Johnson, Jr., dep- uty from Anne Arundel County, was one of three members elected by ballot on this committee. His associates were Robert Goldsborough of Dorchester County and James Hollyday of Queen Anne's.
At the end of ten days, the committee reported that Pur- viance's conduct had been reprehensible but recommended his discharge after a severe reprimand. In accordance with these recommendations, the Convention on the 22nd of May resolved: " Justice would well warrant a more exemplary punishment to be inflicted on the said Samuel Purviance for his said misdo- ings ; but that in consideration of his active zeal in the common cause, and in expectation that he will hereafter conduct himself with more respect to the public bodies necessarily entrusted with power mediately or immediately by the people of this province, and will be more attentive to propriety, this Conven- tion hath resolved, that the said Samuel Purviance for his said conduct be censured and reprimanded, and that Mr. President do from the chair censure and reprimand him accordingly, and that he be thereupon discharged." Thereupon Mr. Purvianca
278 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
was brougtit in before the bar of the House and was given a public reprimand by the President of the Convention.
Meanwhile Governor Eden had sworn upon his honor that he had never tried to enflame the British Ministry, but that he had always spoken of the members of the American Congress as acting within the line of moderation. On May 24, 1776, the Convention resolved that, although Eden's correspondence did not appear to have been carried on with hostile intent toward the Colonies, " it be signified to the Governor that the public quiet and safety, in the judgment of this Convention, require that he leave this province and that he is at full liberty to depart peaceably with his effects." When it is remembered that the Continental Congress more than a month before had directed the Council of Safety to seize Sir Robert Eden, the resolution of the Maryland Convention offering the Governor permission to leave the Province was a remarkable tribute to Eden's popularity. The resolution was adopted by a vote of 36 to 19. The Anne Arundel deputies, Johnson, Paca and Carroll, barrister, voted for its passage.
At the same session, Johnson, James Hollyday, William Paca and George Plater were elected by ballot a committee to wait on the Governor and deliver to him a copy of the resolu- tions together with an address of sympathy and esteem.
On Saturday, May 25, 1776, Gen. Johnson and Messrs. Hollyday and Paca were elected by ballot to prepare passports for the deposed Governor; and, in addition, were authorized to draft a communication on the subject to the Virginia Com- mittee of Safety. When the authorities in the Old Dominion received word that the Governor of Maryland had been allowed to escape, contrary to the order of the Continental Congress, they were astounded. They felt that the intercepted letters from England, which found their way to Philadelphia, made Governor Eden particips criminis with Lord Dunmore; and they sent to Annapolis a remonstrance which expressed their indignation and disgust.
Sir Robert Eden's courtesy and hospitality, his charms of
NOTES FROM THE EASLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 279
culture and refinement, had long ago won the affections of the people of his Province. Until an opportunity came when he could depart on one of Lord Dunmore's vessels, he was allowed to remain unmolested on parole. He was accompanied to the British frigate with every mark of respect by the most dis- tinguished patriots of Maryland. Fate had decreed separation of Colonies from Crown. And when Robert Eden went on board the Fowey he was destined never again to see the soil of the Province, over which he had ruled to the general satisfac- tion of the people. The last vestiges of the Proprietary had disappeared.
(To he continued.)
NOTES FROM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND
The following notes are from the set of " Inventory and Account " books in the Land Office at Annapolis and date from 16 74. They will serve for the most part to assist in tracing that elusive personality, the Maryland widow, although other matters are occasionally noted. As to Commissioned officers; the notes are merely to show that they held commissions at the dates given but are not intended as giving the date on which they received commissions.
Jane Baldwin Cotton.
1674 Liber Page,
Boyd, Anne, was widow of John Neale, A. A. Co. I 145
Brown, John, A. A. Co., whose first wife was daugh- ter of Robert Clarkson. I 166
Bloomfield, John, married widow of Dr. Luke Bar- bier. I 192
Blunt, Anne, widow of Richard Blunt of Kent Co.,
married N'ash. II 113
280 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINK.
IQT4, Liber Page
Barnes, Grace & Elizabeth, gr-daughters of Walter
Waterlin. I 134
Barbier, Dr. Luke, wbose widow married John
Bloomfield. I 192
Burgess, Anne, widow of William Burgess, St. M's.
Co., married Eisher. Ill 124
Brasseur, Martba, sister and extr of Benj. Brasseur
of Calvert Co., married Henry Kent, Jr. Ill 163
Clarke, Jobn, wbose wife was widow of John EUy, Calvert Co,
Clagett, Mary, Calvert Co., was widow of Ricbard Hooper.
Cbadbourne, William, married widow of Richard Foxon, Baltimore Co.
Clarkson, Robert, A. A. Co., whose daughter was first wife of John Brown.
Dorrington, Dorothy, widow of Henry Robinson, married Dorrington.
Davis, Eliza: widow of William Durand, married Davis.
Farmer, Michael. Mary, widow of Michael Farm- er, Calvert Co., married Lile.
Michael, Mary and Elizabeth Farmer, children of above.
Foxon, Richard, his widow married William Chad- bourne.
Godscrosse, Alice, widow of James, married Goul- son.
Goulson, Alice, widow of James Godscrosse.
Godscrosse, James, John, Charles and Sarah, chil- dren of James and Alice. I 136
Hooper, Richard, Calvert Co., whose widow mar- ried Clagett. I 80
Lile, Mary, Calvert Co., widow of Michael Farmer. I 135 Neale, Samuel, St. M. Co., died intestate. Daugh- ters Rebecca and Margaret (Is^eale). I 153
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NOTES FKOM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 281
1674
ilSTeale, Anne, widow of John ITeale, married Boyd.
iTash, Anne, widow of Ricliard Blunt, Kent Co.
Eeade, Joane, widow of Capt. George Eeade of Resurrection Manor, Calvert, married Tyler. I 54
Eobinson, Dorothy, widow of Henry Robinson, Cal- vert Co., married Dorrington.
Eyder, Jane, was widow of Thomas Wright.
Eussell, Sara, widow of Eichard Eussell, St. M. Co., married Vaughan.
Tyler, Joane, widow of Capt. George Eeade, mar- ried Tyler.
Vaughn, Sara, was widow of Eichard Eussell, St. M. Co.
Wright, Jane, widow of Thomas Wright, married Eyder.
Walterlin, Walter, grandfather of Elizabeth and Grace Barnes.
Wheeler, Samuel, who married Elizabeth Cooke, Kent Co.
1675 Liher Page
Doxey, Thomas, who married widow of Eobert
Hooper, St. M. Co. I 335
Davis, Mary, widow of John Davis, late of St. M.
Co., married Morgan Jones. II 1Y5-6
Elly, John, whose widow married John Clarke. I 195
Felton, John, whose widow married John Phillips. I 238
Garrett, James, married Johanna Peake, daughter
of George and Mary Peake, Baltimore Co. I 410 Grose, Eoger, widow, Anne, married John Welsh,
A. A. Co. This shows acct. of John Grose. I 539 Grosse, Eoger, of A. A. Co. In the division of es- tate following are mentioned: John, eldest son; Elizabeth, Eoger, William and Fran- ces. V 143 to 146
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282 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
1675 Liher Page
Hooper, Thomas, whose widow married Thomas
Doxey I 335
Hamond, Elinor, was widow of Abraham iN'ewman. IV 590
Hood, Eobert, married widow of Dr. John Rye. IV 506&609
Jones, Elizabeth, wife of Richard Jones, was widow
of Richard Steevens of Talbot Co. I 461
Jones, Mary, widow of John Davis, late of St. M.
Co., married Morgan Jones. II 175-6
Newman, Elinor, widow of Abraham Newman, mar- ried Hamond. IV 590
Phillips, John, whose wife was widow of John Fel-
ton, Dorchester. I 238
Peake, Johanna, daughter of George and Mary Peake, Baltimore Co., married James Gar- rett.
Robinson, William, Baltimore Co., whose widow married Edward Swanson.
Swanson, Edward, married widow of William Rob- inson, Baltimore Co.
Steevens, Elizabeth, widow of Richard Steevens, Talbot Co., married Richard Jones.
Shaw, Sarah, widow of John Shaw A. A. Co., mar- ried Francis. II 171
White, Susanna, widow of James White, married Waters.
Waters, Susanna, widow of James White.
Welsh, Anne, wife of John Welsh, was widow of Roger Grose, A. A. Co.
1676 Francis, Sarah, late Sarah Shaw, widow of John
Shaw, A. A. Co. II 171
Fisher, Anne, widow of William Burgess, St. M. Co. Ill 125 Harrington, Grace, daughter-in-law Richard Blunt,
Kent Co. II 114
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NOTES FKOM THE EAELY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 283
1676 Liber Page Morgan, Alice, widow of Jarvis Morgan, married
Eoper. II 347
Roper, Alice, widow of Jarvis Morgan. II 347
Skinner, Anne, widow of James Trueman, Calvert
Co. Ill 116 Trueman, Thomas, brother of James and overseer of estate of Martha, Mary and Elizabeth, daughters of said James of Calvert Co. Ill 117 Trueman, Anne, widow of James Trueman, Cal- vert Co., married Skinner. Ill 116
1677 Liber Page Addison, Rebecca, widow of Thomas Dent, married
John Addison Extx Thomas Dent, St. M.
Co. IV 74, 400, 401
Archer, Humphrey, Talbot Co. ; his account shows two daughters, under age, Margaret and Ma bell, among the legatees. 'No other children named. IV 270
Allen, Jasper, Mary, his widow, married Robert Taylor.
Brinson, John, widow of, married Christopher Spry
Beckwith, George, two daughters, Elizabeth and Margaret, under age.
Brooke, Rebecca, sister of Edward Isaack.
Bread, Jane, relict and extr of Dr. Thomas Mat- thews, Charles Co.
Buckall, Mary, widow of Edward Wheelock.
Bishop, Sarah, wife of Benoni Bishop, widow of Benj. Hancock.
Brooke, John, widow Rebecca Brooke, Calvert Co.
Baill, John, his widow, Rebecca, married
Davis. IV 537
Bigger, Anne, widow of John Bigger, Calvert Co.,
married James Rumsey. IV 569, 575
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284 MARYLAin> HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
1677 Liber Page
Benjar, Katharine, was widow of John Chadwell,
Baltimore Co. IV 632
Beck, Richard, admr. and brother of Lewis Beck,
Charles Co. IV 246
Cooke, Elizabeth, Kent Co., married Samuel Wheel- er. IV 143 Conory, Edward, his widow, Mary, married
Heyley. IV 522
Cole, Anne, widow of Robert Cole, was widow of
John Medley, St. M. Co. IV 624
Chadwell, Katharine, widow of John Chadwell,
married Benjar, Baltimore Co. IV 632
Davis, Elizabeth, step-daughter of Morgan Jones,
married Owen Guyther. IV 245
Dandy, Robert, Doctor of Physick belonging to ship
" Ann and Elizabeth." IV 424
Davis, Rebecca, widow of John Baill, married
Davis. IV 537
Denton, James, Baltimore Co., married widow of
Thomas O'Daniel, same county. V 25, 27
Edwards, Hannah, widow of John Pot, married
Edwards. IV 83
Edwards, Ann, widow of Daniel Murphy. IV 206
Evinges, Sarah, widow of Guy White, married
Evinges. IV 237
Edloe, Jeane, daughter of Joseph Edloe, Calvert
Co. IV 422
Francis, Sarah, widow of John Shaw, A. A. Co.,
married Thomas Francis. IV 137
Forrest, Patrick, Elizabeth Forrest, admx. ; Henry
and Elizabeth Phipps extrs. of Patrick For- rest. IV 413 Fisher, Robert, Calvert Co., brother of Henry. IV 469 Fisher, Katharine, daughter of Robert, Calvert Co. IV 471 Guinne, Susanna, widow of William Neale, A. A.
Co. IV 567
NOTES FROM THE EABLY EECOKDS OF MABTLAND. 285
1677 Liber Page
Hunt, Susanna, widow of William Hunt.
Hance, Jolin, of tlie Clifts, Calvert Co., married
Sarah Waring, widow of Sampson Waring. IV 230
Harris, Jackline, widow of James Moore, Calvert
€o. IV 450
Hancock, Sarah, widow of Benj. Hancock, now wife
of Benoni Bishop. IV 452
Hinson, John, proved an acct. IV 468
Hood, Robert, married widow of Dr. John Rye,
Cecil Co. IV 506, 609
Harrington, Mary, widow of James Stockley, Cal- vert Co., married Charles Harrington, Cal- vert Co. IV 510, 511
Heyley, Mary, widow of Edward Conory, married
Heyley. IV 522
Isaack, Edward, brother of Mrs. Rebecca Brooke,
Calvert Co. IV 238
Johnson, Peter, dead. Statement on acct. of Thom- as Carleton, Cecil Co. IV 395
Jolly, Edward, his widow married John Steevens,
St. M. Co. IV 402
Johnson, Peter, his widow, Sarah, married Robert
Morris. IV 618
Eeene, Susanna, married Hunt, she was widow of
William Hunt. Ill 97
Kent, Henry, Jr., his wife, Martha was sister and
extrx. of Benj. Brasseur, Calvert Co. Ill 168
Kaine, William, son of William. " In case he ever
appears in the Province." IV 422
Middlefield, Martha, widow of Thomas Middlefield,
Cecil Co., married ITicholas Shaw. IV 374
Matthews, Jane, widow and extrx. of Dr. Thomas
Matthews, Charles Oo., married
Bread. IV 379
Moy, Elizabeth, widow of Richard. IV 401
286 MARYLAND HISTOKICAX, MAGAZINE.
1677 Liber Page
Maekye, Elizabeth, widow of John Mackye, mar- ried — Spracklin. IV 425
Moore, Jackline, widow of James Moore, Calvert
Co., married Harris. IV 450
Morris, Sarah, widow of Peter Johnson, married
Kobt. Morris. IV 618
Medley, John, his widow, Ann, married Robt. Cole,
St. M. Co. IV 624
Neale, Jonathan, son and heir of William ISTeale,
of A. A. Co. IV 569
iN'eale, Susannah, widow of William Neale, mar- ried Guinne. IV 567
Owen, Jane, wife of Richard Owen, widow of John
Raven, Dorchester Co. IV 355-6
Pot, Hannah, widow of John Pot, married
Edwards. IV 83
Pearce, Thomas , Lydia, relict and admrx. of Thom- as Pearce, St. M. Co., married Gilbert Tur- berville. IV 398-579
Phipps, Henry and Elizabeth, exs. of Patrick For- rest. IV 413
Reevely, Mary, widow of William Hampstead. IV 143
Raven, John, Dorchester Co. His widow married
Richard Owen. IV 355, 356
Rignall, John. IS'ot in the province as per state- ment of Thos. Carleton of Cecil Co. IV 393
Rye, Dr. John, his widow married Robert Hood. IV 506, 609
Rumsey, Ann, widow of John Bigger, Calvert Co.
IV 570; V 350
Spry, Christopher, married widow of Thomas Brin-
son. IV 5
Shaw, Sarah, widow of John Shaw, married Thomas
Francis. IV 137
Shaw, Martha, wife of Nicholas Shaw, widow and
extrx. of Thomas Middlefield, Cecil Co. IV 372
Spencer, Walter, son of Walter. IV 475
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NOTES FKOM THE EARLY KECOKDS OF MARYLAND. 287
1677
Spracklin, Elizabeth, widow of Jolin Mackeye.
Spry, Johanna, her daughter, Mary, married Dr. Stanesby of Baltimore Co.
Stanesby, Dr. John and Mary (Spry) his wife.
Taylor, John, of Baltimore Co. Account shows there were three children — Arthur, who was ex., and James and Elizabeth, who were un- der age. IV 336
Turbervile, Lydia, wife of Gilbert Turbervile, extrx. and relict of Thomas Pearce, St. M. Co. IV 398, 5Y9
Taylor, Mary, widow of Jasper Allen. IV 475
Waring, Sarah, widow of Sampson Waring, mar- ried John Hance of the Clifts, Calvert Co. IV 230 Account rendered by above Sarah shows herself and their son, Bazill, as the only heirs. IV 230, 234
White, Guy, widow married Evinges. IV 237
Wells, Eob't and George, brothers. IV 353
Wheelock, Edward, Mary, his widow, married
Buckall. IV 387
Wootten, Simon and Susanna, his wife, widow of
Rich Wodsworth. IV 481
Wodsworth, Rich; his widow, Susanna, married
Simon Wooten. IV 482
Whetstone, Mary, alias Niome, widow of Stephen
Whetstone. IV 609
1678 Liber Page
Anderson, John, Calvert Co., whose widow, Mary,
married Francis Spencer, same county. V 273
Blanford, Tabitha, wife of Thomas Blanford, Cal- vert Co., was widow of William Mills. V 146, 150 Beckwith, Elizabeth, widow of Thomas Skinner, Dorchester Co., married Beck- with, Dorchester Co. V 150 6
288 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
1678 Liber Page
Best, Edward, his widow, Anne, married Jolm
Gibbs, CecH Co. V 301
Clarke, ]!^eale, his widow, Rachael, married John
Stinson. V 58
Credwell, George, Charles Co. ; his widow, Mary,
married William Warde. V 323
Cooke, Katharine, widow of Dr. Robert Winsmore,
married Cooke. V 151
Foukes, Richard, admrx. was Mary Warde, of
Charles Co. VI 615
Frankam, Henry, his widow Annah married Ed- ward Maddock. V 287 Goldsmith, Johannah, widow of Capt. Samuel
Goldsmith. George Wells was her son. V 11
Goldsmith, Mary, niece of Capt. Samuel Goldsmith
and daughter of George Goldsmith. V 180
Gibbs, John, married Anne, widow of Edward Best,
Cecil Co. V 301
Horsley, Joseph, Calvert Co., whose widow Roza-
mond married Richard Ladd, Calvert Co. V 71
Hawkins, Ralph and William, appear together as
apprs. V 260
Howes, Thomas, his widow, Philis, married Gus-
tavus White. V 404
Ladd, Richard, Calvert Co., married Rozamond,
widow of Joseph Horsley, Calvert Co. V 71
Mills, Tabitha, widow of William Mills, married
Thomas Blanford. Y 146, 150
Maddock, Annah, widow of Henry Frankham, mar- ried Edward Maddock. V 287 Pope, John, son of Francis, V 299 Pott, Hannah, widow of John Pott, married
Edwards. Y 367
Stinson, Rachel, widow of !N'eale Clarke, married
John Stinson. Y 58, 61
NOTES FROM THE EAKLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 289
1678 Liber Page Shaw, Nicholas, Cecil Co., brother of William Shaw,
late of Talbot Co. Joyce Shaw was widow
of William Shaw. V 62
Skimier, Thomas, Dorchester Co. ; his widow, Eliza- beth, married Beckwith, Dor- chester Co. V 150
Spencer, Mary, widow of John Anderson, Calvert
Co., married Francis Spencer, Calvert Co. V 273
Stafford, Mary, widow of Thomas Todd, A. A. Co.,
married William Stafford, same Co. V 363
Shaw, John, whose widow, Sarah, married Thomas
Francis. V 379
Stagg, Margaret, widow of John Gittings ; two sons-
in law, John and Philip Gittings. VI 5, 7
Mary, her daughter. VI 7
Todd, Sarah, widow of Thomas Todd, A. A. Co.,
married William Stafford, same county. V 363
Wells, George, son of Johanna Goldsmith, widow of
Capt. Samuel Goldsmith. V 11
Winsmore, Katharine, widow of Dr. Robert Wins- more, married Cooke. V 151
Warde, Mary, wife of William Warde and widow
of George Credwell, Charles Co. V 323, 325
White, Philis, wife of Gustavus White and widow
of Thomas Homes. V 404
1679 Liber Page Ambrose, Richard, his widow, Margaret Worrell,
made admtrx. VI 564, 566
Andrews, Christopher, Kent Co., married widow of
William Standley. VI 617
Beckwith, George, Calvert Co., account mentions Charles, son and heir, and his unmarried sisters to be Barbara and Margaret, and fur- ther shows one sister married to Elias !N'ut- halls. VI 58
290 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
1679 Liber Page
Thomas Banks, admtr. VI 56
Boring, John, married widow of Roger
Sidwell, Baltimore Co. VI 423
Blackiston, Ebenezer, Cecil Co., married widow
and admtrx. of William Pike, A.
A. Co. VI 474
Brooke, Baker, in inventory, his coasting-coat, sev- eral suits of clothing, his sword and belt, 1000 lbs. tobacco, also some articles in " His Stndys" VI 481
Blangey, Lewis, Mary his wife was widow and admtrx. of Disborough Bennet, late of Kent Co. VI 621
Bennet, Disborough , Mary, his widow and admtrx.,
married Lewis Blangey. VI 621
Comagys, Cornelius, Mary, his wife, was widow
and admrtx. of James Kenneday of Kent Co. VI 458
Copidge, Edward, admtrs. were William Bawles and
Elizabeth, his wife. VI 641
Dunn, Robert, whose widow married Anthony
Workman. VI 213
Deane, Sarah, wife of William Deane and widow
of Thomas Warrin, Kent Co. 434
(Sarah Deane, age 21.) VI 433
Elliott, Henry, married Jane, widow of John
Halfehead. VI 224
Ellis, Peter, Elizabeth, his wife, widow and
admrtx. of William Palmer, Baltimore Co. VI 462
Gittings, Margaret, widow of John Gittings, Cal- vert Co., married Stagg. VI 5
Griffith, Elizabeth, wife of Henry Griffith, widow
of Francis Tassell. VI 394
Gibson, Hannah, extrx. of John White, Kent Co. VI 605
Gott, Henry, late of Kent Co., admrs. Thomas and
Elizabeth Parker. VI 606
NOTES FBOM THE EAKLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 291
1679 Liber Page
Groome, William, of Patuxent, Calvert Co., mar- ried Sybile, widow of Henry Jowles. VI 683
Halfehead, Jane, widow of John Halfhead, mar- ried Henry Elliott. VI 222
Hammond, Mary, widow of Thomas Eoper, A. A.
Co., married Hammond. VI 418
Hawkins, William, Anne, his wife, admrtx. of es- tate of Stephen White, A. A. Co. VI 441
Howes, Thomas, widow and admrtx. Phillis White,
married Gustavns White. VI 510
Jowles, Henry, married Sybile, widow of William
Groome of Patuxent, Calvert Co. VI 683
Kenneday, James, Kent Co., whose widow and
admrtx. Mary, married Cornelius Comagys. VI 458
Lowder, Edward, whose widow Anne married
James, Kent Co. VI 611
Larkins, John, of the Ridge, in A. A. Co. VI 611
iNewton, Sarah, extrx. of Samuel Pritchett. VI 544
Palmer, William, widow, Elizabeth, admrtx. of es- tate, married Peter Ellis, Baltimore Co. VI 462
Pike, William, married , widow and
admrtx of Ebenezer Blackiston of Cecil Co. VT 474
Pritchett, Samuel , Sarah Newton, admtrx. VE 544
Parker, Thomas, Mary his wife, widow and
admtrx of Henry Gott, late of Kent Co. VI 606
Eoper, Mary, widow of Thomas Roper, A. A. Co.,
married Hammond. VI 418
Rawles, William and Elizabeth, his wife, admtrs.
of Edward Copidge. VI 641
Sidwell, Roger, Baltimore Co., whose widow mar- ried John Boring. VI 423
Standley, William, whose widow married Christo- pher Andrews of Kent Co. VI 617
Tassell, Francis, whose widow Elizabeth married Henry Griffith. Account shows one child not named. VI 656, 394
292 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
1679 Liber Page
Williams, David and Jane, his wife, Somerset Co.,
" late murthered by the Indians." Workman, Joane, widow of Robert Dunn, married
Anthony Workman. VI 210
Warrin, Thomas, Kent Co.; his widow, Sarah,
married William Deane. VI 433
White, Gustavus; Phillis, his wife, widow and
admtrx of Thomas Howes. VI 510
Worrall, Margaret, widow and admtrx of Richard
Ambrose. VI 564
White, John, Kent. Co., Hannah Gibson extrx. VI 605
Warde, Mary, admtrx. of Richard Foukes, Charles
Co. VI 615
1680. Liber Page
Bengar, Katharine, wife of Robert Bengar and widow and extrx. of John Shadwell, Balti- more Co. VIIA 9
Brown, Peregrin, mention of his name in acct. VIIA 113
Besson, Hester, widow of Thomas Besson, married
Thomas Sutton. VIIA 126
Beetenson, Edmund; Lydia, his wife, widow of
Thomas Watkins, A. A. Co. VIIA 172
Bayley, John, Magdalen, his wife, admtrx. of
James Pean, late of Britton's Bay. VITA 215
Brown, Katharine, extrx. of Arthur Wright, Kent
Co. VIIA 269
Clements, Mary, wife of John Clements (Mary
Derumple). VIIA 3
Christeson, Wenlock, Talbot Co., account shows wid- ow Elizabeth and daughter Elizabeth as per will mentions " children " also. VIIA 108, 109
Cole, William, Margaret, his wife, extrx. and widow
of Michael Rochford. VIIA 144, 147
Crowley, Bryan, Calvert Co., married Anne, widow
of William Wilson. VIIA 148
NOTES FKOM THE EARLY RECOEDS OF MARYLAND. 293
1680 Liher Page
Clipsham, Thomas, wife, Susannah, widow of
John Cage, Charles Co. VIIA 151
Cage, John, his widow married Thomas Clipsham. VIIA 151
CoUett, John, his widow, Elizabeth, married
Hazlewood, Baltimore Co. YIIA 361
Derumple, Mary, married John Clements. VIIA 3
Dines, Thomas, Charles Co. ; widow Mary, mar- ried Roberson. VIIA 305
Evans, John, Calvert 'Co., married Sarah, widow
of Guy White, same county. VIIA 177
Gough, Hester (Larkin), widow and admstrx. of William Gough, Calvert Co., married Nich- olas :N"icholson. VIIA 118
Garrettson, Semelia, Baltimore Co., widow and admtrx. of Ruthen Garrettson, married Yeo, Baltimore Co. VIIA 283
Griffin, Lewis , Sarah, his widow, married Timothy
Macknemara. VIIA 377
Hacket, Theophilub , Alice, his wife, was widow of
Edward Skidmore. VIIA 139
Hinson, Anne, widow and extrx. of Thomas Hin-
son, married Robert Smith. VIIA 329
Hazlewood, Elizabeth, Baltimore Co., widow of
John Collett, married Hazlewood. VIIA 361
Harwood, Capt., account of John Taylor, Baltimore
Co. VIIA 376
Lewis, Dr. Henry and Henry Lewis the younger mentioned as legatees in the will of John Ricks. VIIA 370
Mcgregory, Hugh, in Bohemia River, appraiser of
estate of Daniel Boulton. VIIA 268
Mosse, Richard, the following appears in his ac- count: "By this dec'd legacy to his chil- dren to James Orrouch, his wearing clothes and one sett silver buttons. To daughter.
294 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
1680 Liher Page
Elizabeth, her legacy 1 feather bed and 1 silver whissle." VIIA 37
Mason, Miles, Dorchester Co., Anne, relict and
admtrx., married Peter Stoakes. VIIA 182
Macknemara, Timothy, and Sarah, his wife, widow
of Lewis Griffin. VIIA 377
Nicholson, ]N^icholas, Hester (Larkin) his wife,
admtrx. of William Gough of Calvert Co. YII 118
Orruck, James), Mary, his wife, widow of John
Eicks, A. A. Co. VIIA 368
Parker, William, whose widow married Nicholas Painter. In inventory William Parker of the Clifts, are the following items : " one old carte saddle and one coUer for a Phill Horse" first mention of a cart in the inventories. VII 132
Pean, James, and Magdalen, his widow and admtrx.,
married John Bayley. VIIA 215
In this account appears " To Eobert Ridge- ley, clerk of the lower house of the assem- bly for fees for naturalizacon the dec'd wife and daughter." VIIA 217
Rochford, Michael, his widow and extrx, Margaret,
married William Cole. VIIA 144
Rowlandts, Robert, Charles Co., Margery, his wid- ow, married Humphrey Warren. VIIA 166
Roberson, Mary, relict of Thomas Dines, of Charles
Co. VIIA 305
Ricks, John, A. A. Co., Mary, his widow, married
James Orruck. VIIA 368
Shadwell, John, Baltimore Co. ; his widow and
extrx., Katharine, married Robert Bengar. VIIA 9
Sinclair, Joseph, age about forty years, by deposi- tion Cecil Co. VIIA 56
Sperna, Joseph, aged about 30 years, by deposition,
Cecil Co. VIIA 56
NOTES FEOM THE EAELT KECOKDS OF MABYLAND. 295
1680 Liber Page
Sutton, Hester, widow of Thomas Besson, married
Thomas Sutton. YIIA 126
Skidmore, Edward, his widow, Alice, married
Theopilus Hacket, A. A. Co. VIIA 139
Stoakes, Peter, Dorchester Co., Anne, his wife, relict
and extrx. of Miles Mason, same county. VIIA 182
Smith, Robert, Anne, his wife, widow and extrx.
of Thomas Hinson. VIIA 327
Wilson, William, whose widow, Anne, married Bry- an Crowley, of Calvert Co. VIIA 148
Warren, Humphrey , Margery, his wife, was widow
of Robert Rowlandts, Charles Co. VIIA 166
Watkins, Thomas, A. A. Co. ; widow, Lydia, mar- ried Edmund Beetenson. VIIA 1Y2
White, Guy, Calvert Co. ; his widow, Sarah, mar- ried John Evans, Calvert Co. VIIA 177
Wright, Arthur, Kent Co., extrx. Katharine Brown. VIIA 269
White, Ambrose, Somerset Co. ; names of children
Ambrose, Wrixam and Grace. VIIA 323
1681 Liber Page Ayres, John ; Anne, his wife, widow and admtrx. of
Thomas Earle, Talbot Co. VIIB 27
Bird, John, A. A. Co. ; Elizabeth, his wife, was wid- ow of Dr. Henry Lewis. VIIB 8
Benson, John , his widow, Elizabeth, married Rich- ard Harrison. VIIB 43
Barden, Charles, Elizabeth, his widow and admrtx.,
married James Cassey. VIIB 166
Cooke, Edward, Katharine, his wife, widow and
admtrx. of Robert Winsmore, Dorchester Co. VIIB 47
Cassey, James, his wife, Elizabeth, widow and
admtrx. of Charles Barden. VIIB 166
Davis, Abigale, Dorchester Co., admrtx. of Arthur
Wright, Dorchester Co. VIIB 153
296 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
1681 Liber Page Dunn, Jolm, appraiser of estate of Humphrey Da- vis, Talbot Co. VIIB 178
Earle, Thomas , Anne, his widow and admtrx., mar- ried John Ayres. VIIB 27
Harrison, Richard, his wife, Elizabeth, widow of
John Benson, Calvert Co. VIIB 43
Hubbard, John, Margaret, his wife, widow and
admtrx. of John Leekins of Baltimore Co. VIIB 157
Hollis, William, Baltimore Co. ; his widow and
admtrx. was Elizabeth Russell. VIIB 168
Leekins, John, of Baltimore Co. ; his widow and admtrx., Margaret, married John Hub- bard, same county. VIIB 157
Meridale, Thomas, tobacco due him from the estate of George Symonds, A. A. Co., for a year's schooling of his son and for writing his will, 725 lbs. VIIB 210
Russell, Elizabeth, widow and admtrx. of William
Hollis, Baltimore Co. VIIB 168
Wynnall, John; his widow and admtrx, Katharine,
married John Grover, Calvert Co. VII C 227
1682 Liber Page Asbeston, Winnif red, daughter of William Asbeston,
Charles Co. VIIC 230
also, in same acct.,
Mary Asbeston, relationship not stated.
Isabelle Asbeston, his daughter.
Rebecca Asbeston, relationship not stated.
William Asbeston, his son. Bassett, Thomas, widow and admtrx., Margaret,
married Edward Fishwick. VIIC 197
Blackfan, John, Mary, his wife, widow of Joseph
Manning. VIIC 253
Bright, Thomas, Kent Co. ; his widow and admtrx.,
Cecily, married Joseph Sudler. VIIC 309
NOTES FKOM THE EAKLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 297
16S2 Liher Page
Bagby, Ursula, widow of Amos Bagby, Calvert Co.,
wbo married William House, Jr. VIIC 309
Canon, Thomas, married Henrietta, widow of Ed- ward Swanson. VIIC 184 His widow, Henrietta, afterwards married Reeves. VIIC 191
Calvert, Hon. William, Inventory. VIIC 219
Coventon, Nehemia, his widow, Anne, married
Phillip Hopkins, Talbot Co. VIIC 262
Croshaw, Elizabeth, wife of William ( ?) Croshaw
and widow of Thomas Eussell. VIIC 330
Constable, Henry, whose wife, Katharine, of A. A.
Co., was widow of James Rigby. VIIC 335
Edwards, Richard, whose wife, Hannah, was widow
of John Pott, Calvert Co. VIIC 87
Eaton, William, son-in-law of John Johnson, Tal- bot Co. VIIC 293
Erancum, Henry, whose widow, Anne, married
Edward Maddock, Charles Co. VIIC 95
Fishwick, Edward, married Margaret, widow and
admtrx of Thomas Bassett, St. M. Co. VIIC, 197, 198
Grover, John, Calvert Co., married Katherine, widow and admtrx. of John Wynnall, Cal- vert Co. VIIC 227
Harris, Elizabeth, widow of Samuel Harris, St. M.
Co. VIIC 130
Hall, Richard, and Mary. VIIC 164
Harrison, Sarah, in whose acct. it is mentioned that Mary Broadnox formerly gave certain cattle to Andrew Towlson, eldest son of Sarah Har- rison. VIIC 168
Hopkins, Philip, Talbot Co., married Anne, widow
of Nehemia Coventon. VIIC 262
House, William, Jr., married Ursula, widow of
Amos Bagby, Calvert Co. VIIC 310
298 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAI. MAGAZINE.
1682 Liber Page
Maddock, Anne, widow of Henry Francum, married
Edward Maddock, Charles Co. YIIC 95
Martin, John, Charles Co., married Mary, widow of
Richard Hall, Charles Co. VIIC 164
Maddock, Edward, Charles Co., whose widow, Mar- gery, was the widow of Matthew Stone, Charles Co. VIIC 250
Manning, Joseph , his widow, Mary, afterward mar- ried John Blackfan. VIIC 253
Martindale, Ruth, was widow of Thomas Vaughn,
St. M. Co. VIIC 328
Pott, John, Calvert Co. ; his widow, Hannah, mar- ried Richard Edwards, Calvert Co. VIIC 87
Reeves, Henrietta, widow of Edward Swanson, mar- ried Thomas Canon, and afterwards
Reeves.
Russell, Thomas, his widow, Elizabeth, married
Wm.(?) Croshaw. VIIC 330
Rigby, James; his widow, Katharine, A. A. Co.,
married Henry Constable. VIIC 335
Swanson, Edward, his widow, Henrietta, married
Thomas Canon and afterwards
Reeves. VIIC 184
Stone, Matthew, his widow, Margery, married Ed- ward Maddock, Charles Co. VIIC 250
Sudler, Joseph, married Cecily, widow and extrx.
of Thomas Bright, Kent Co. VIIC 309
Toulson, Andrew, son of Sarah Harrison. VIIC 182
Vaughn, Thomas, St. M. Co. ; widow, Ruth, mar- ried Martindale. VIIC 328
CATONSVILLE BIOGRAPHIES. 299
CATONSVILLE BIOGRAPHIES
George C. Keidel, Ph. D.
1. Richard Caton of Catonsville * Family History
The Caton family seems to have been of iN^orman origin, and the name occurs frequently in the annals of English history; but the genealogists have not yet succeeded in discovering all of the connecting links between the subject of this sketch and the earliest known member of the family in England. Suffice it here to record the following disconnected items : ^
Walter de Caton, Knight, 1193, was present with the King's Army at York;
John de Caton is on record for the year 1297:
Thomas de Caton in 1311 held the manors of Caton and Littledale; '
John de Caton in 1352 was rector of Gawsworth, and died in 1391:
John de Caton in 1386 gave the manor of Cockerham to the Abbey of Leicester;
Robert de Caton in 1402 was the priest chancellor of the Bishop of Winchester;
John Caton in 1448 was a citizen of London;
John Caton mentioned in 149Y has descendants now living at Prittlewell, Essex, and Flookborough, Lancaster ;
John Caton in 1511 was priest vicar of Heine;
Thomas Caton in 1522 was buried at St. John Zachary, London.
•Copyright 1921 Iby George C. Keidel,
^ Extracts from a family pedigree " compiled by Wm. Woodville Shel- merdine, 1917, from authentic documents and family papers," original manuscript belonging to Mrs. J. J. Jackson, Baltimore, Md.
300 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
The earliest known ancestor of the subject of our sketch was William 'Caton, who was born at Heysham, a small place near Caton, Lancashire, England, in 1684. William Caton's second wife was Isabel Chaffers, to whom he was married in 1724. Their son Joseph Caton was born in 1731, and in 1735 the father died and was buried at his birthplace. At one time this Joseph Caton was the captain of an Indiaman, and when on shore resided in Liverpool.
Some record of this Joseph Caton has been preserved in a partial copy of his last will and testament lately in the posses- sion of Mrs. John Joseph Jackson, a distant relative residing in Baltimore, Maryland. This will was made and published by him on the 26th of February, 1796, and in it he enumerates five children and two grandchildren to whom he bequeaths his property.
Eichard Caton, the subject of our sketch, appears to have been the oldest of the children, and his father refers to the fact that when he had left home he had given him the sum of five hundred pounds. In a codicil to this will made March 26, 1803, occur the following words:
" ^ow I do hereby revoke and make void such bequest as to the share of my said son E. C. only and do hereby order, will, and direct that the share of my said son E. C, of and in the residue and remainder of my said real and personal estate, or the money arising therefrom, together with the interest and proceeds that shall grow due thereon, and which I hereby direct shall accu- mulate until the same shall become payable, shall be equally divided between and amongst all and every the lawful child and children of my said son E. C. living at the time of his decease, or bom in due time afterwards to be equally divided among them."
The original of this will is no doubt on file at Liverpool, England.
Of Joseph Caton, the father of Eichard, we know further that he married a girl of sixteen, and had a family of eight children, his oldest son being born on the fifteenth of April.
CATONSVILLE BIOGEAPHIES. 301
1763. The best known modern representative of the family in England is Dr. Richard Caton, who was recently Lord Mayor of Liverpool and who is a scholar and writer of some note.^
Courtship and Marriage
Soon after reaching the future metropolis of Maryland and the South (in a manner and at a date not recorded) the young English merchant seems to have fallen in love with the sixteen- year old Polly Carroll, eldest surviving daughter of Charles Carroll of CarroUton, then and afterwards a power in Mary- land political life. The young lady's real name was of course Mary, so named no doubt after her mother Mary Darnall ; and we find that Richard Caton was not without a rival, as we dis- tinctly learn from a letter written by the Signer to his cousin Daniel Carroll of Duddington, later so well known in connec- tion with the early history of the City of Washington. For it would seem that the latter had been a suitor for the hand of his fair relative, and this would have been a match which her father evidently would have preferred to the one she had set her heart on.
Scarcely had the gay and charming Polly Carroll reached early womanhood when her father became aware that she had given her affections to a handsome young Englishman, who had recently arrived in America and who could not at that date (probably early in the year 1Y87) boast of a sufficient fortune to recommend him to a wealthy father as a suitable husband for the beautiful girl who had bqcome attached to him. For Polly Carroll, although at that time little more than a child, was already recognized as the reigning belle of the society in which she moved. Her portrait painted by Robert H. Pine and still preserved by her descendants, even yet testifies elo- quently to her fascination as a young girl. The position occu- pied by her father, apart from his daughter's personal attrac-
* Compare the chapter entitled " A Favorite of Destiny " in A. M. W. Stirling's A Painter of Dreams, and Other Biographical Studies, London, 1&16.
302 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
tions, would alone liave assured her of a large amount of public attention. Hence it is small wonder that the Senator harbored some more ambitious matrimonial project for the daughter of whom he was so justly proud, and it may easily be imagined how keenly disappointed he must have been to learn of his daughter's attachment for a penniless though handsome adventurer.
Charles Carroll of Carrollton, therefore, used every parental persuasion to check the young girl's resolution ; but finding his own arguments unavailing, he at length appealed to his friend Thomas Cockey Deye to bring fresh influence to bear upon so awkward a predicament. The story runs that Mr. Deye, then occupying high political rank at Annapolis, having in turn ex- hausted his powers of eloquence returned to Charles Carroll of Carrollton to report the complete failure of his mission. Thereupon the Senator determined to try one last experiment: " Go," he said, " and ask her if her lover gets into jail who will get him out ? " Mr. Deye, being thus armed, returned to the charge ; but on hearing his question the beautiful girl, with her face rendered yet more lovely by the enthusiasm which inspired it, raised her tiny hands heavenwards, and exclaimed dramati- cally : " These hands shall take him out." The solution might not be convincing, but the devotion which prompted it con- quered the father's heart. Persuaded that his daughter's hap- piness was at stake, he withdrew his opposition to her engage- ment and on March 13, 1Y87, he penned to Daniel Carroll of Duddington a letter which was little calculated to be welcome to the recipient.^ The letter begins thus:
"Dear Cousin : I am favored with your letter of the 20th of September. As the intelligence I am going to give you may make some alterations in your plans, although disagreeable, I must impart it to you. My daughter, I am sorry to inform you, is much attached to and has engaged herself to, a young
* The original letter has ibeen preserved aanong the family papers of Mrs. Wm. C. Pennington, Baltimore, Md.
CATONSVILLE BIOGEAPHIES. 303
English gentleman of the name of Caton. I do sincerely wish that she had placed her affections elsewhere, but I do not think I am at liberty to control her choice when fixed on a person of unexceptionable character. My assent to this union is obtained on two conditions, that the young gentleman shall extricate himself from some debts which he has contracted and shall get into a business sufficient to maintain himself and a family. These conditions he has promised to comply with, and, when performed, there will be no other impediment in the way of his marriage. Time will wear away the impression which an early attachment has made on your heart, and I hope you will find, in the course of a year or two, some agreeable, virtuous, and sweet tempered young lady, whose reciprocal affection, tender- ness and goodness of disposition, will make you happy and forget the loss of my daughter. Miss Darnall and Molly desire their kind compliments to you."
1^0 account is given of the effect produced upon the luckless suitor by this fateful letter; but the intelligence it conveyed was soon confirmed, as before the year was out Richard Caton and Polly Carroll had been married. Perhaps a further attempt on the part of the father to soothe the feelings of the rejected suitor may be seen in the following sentence found in a letter from Charles Carroll of CarroUton to Daniel Carroll of Dud- dington, Esq., London, dated at Annapolis on the 28th of May, 1787 ; ^ namely that :
" Miss Darnall and my daughter join me in sincere wishes for your health and happiness."
But scant note of the wedding itself has come down to us, but it would appear that from this time forward the fortunes of Richard Caton were largely blended with those of the Carroll family of Maryland, and his later history forms but a part of the famous whole.
* The original letter has heen preserved among the family papers of Mrs. Wm. C. Pennington, Baltimore, Md.
7
304 MAEYLAlfD HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Business Career
Of Richard Caton's independent business career in Balti- more prior to his notorious failure we have left to us only slight indications. As early as Oct. 29, 1784, we find him advertising wine for sale in a Baltimore newspaper, and a few days later on Nov. 5, 1784, a cargo of merchandize from Liverpool is likewise advertised by "Eichard Caton, and Co. at their store. Gay-street, adjoining the Hon. John Smith, Esq." Later on we find him taking an interest in real estate, as well as in a variety of other enterprises.
The following notes concerning attempted real estate transac- tions in connection with a famous plantation lying to the north- west of Baltimore and about two miles north of the present village of Catonsville may be of interest here. There was at this time another well-known gentleman named Daniel Carroll (not the suitor previously mentioned), who owned a large place called Mount Dillon. This place was offered for sale by Rich- ard Caton in an advertisement dated August 1, 1794,^ and it is again mentioned in a French advertisement appearing in a Baltimore newspaper on September 12, 1795.^ Here it is stated that a place offered for sale is seven miles from Balti- more and opposite Mr. Carroll's on " la grande route de Fred- erick-Town." From this it would appear that Richard Caton had been unsuccessful in his attempt to find a customer for Mount Dillon ; and indeed we find Daniel Carroll himself still advertising his place for sale on May 5, 1796.'^
As early as the year 1790 we find Richard Caton entering an association for the manufacture of cotton, and this enterprise eventually developed into the well known cotton duck mills at Woodberry.
* The Maryland Journal and Baltimore Advertiser, August 1, 1794, p. 4, col. 2.
* The Federal Intelligencer and Baltimore Daily Gazette, September 12, 1795, p. 4, col. 4.
* The Federal Gazette and Baltimore Daily Advertiser, May 5, 1796.
CATONSVILLE BIOGRAPHIES. 305
In this same year 1790 we catch glimpses of Richard Caton's farming operations in the following paragraphs of a letter written by Charles Carroll of Carrollton to his daughter Mrs. Caton:^
Senate, 14 April, 1790. Dear Molly : —
I hope you are at the Manor with your little one and Mr. CatoUj and Mrs. Rankin, and that you find the country as agree- able as Annapolis . . . Mr. O'lsTeal tells me that the recent frost has much injured the fruit, peaches and pears. Let me know whether all the pears and peaches are destroyed; the apples, he says, Harry informed him were not injured. I hope soon to have a letter from you and Mr. Caton and to hear that all things on the Manor and at his farm (Catonsville) going well. Give my compliments to Mrs. Rankin. How does she like Doughoregan? Kiss your dear little girls for me, and remember me affectionately to Mr. Caton. God bless my dear child, I am your affectionate father,
Charles Carroll of Carrollton.
In the year 1795 Bishop John Carroll (1735-1815) was the leader in a movement to found the Library Association of Baltimore, and Richard Caton was one of those associated with him from the beginning. The collections of this company were many years later merged into those of the Maryland Historical Society.®
At one time Richard Caton also took considerable interest
* The original letter has been preserved among the family papers of Mr. Charles Carroll MacTavish, and it has been published in a book entitled: " Unpublished Letters of Charles Carroll of Carrollton and of His Father, Charles Carroll of Doughoregan, compiled and edited with a memoir by Thos. Meagher Field, New York, 1902. See pp. 160-162.
"See [Daniel Brent], Biographical Sketch of the Most Rev- John Carroll, edited by John Carroll Brent, Baltimore, 1843: John Gilmary Shea, Li/e and Times of the Most Rev. John Carroll, New York, 1888.
306 MARYLAND HISTOEICAIi MAGAZINE.
in geological matters; but his scientific ardor eventually led him to financial disaster, as will be seen presently.
Bankruptcy
Richard Caton's short though checkered business career on his own account came to a sudden end somewhere about the year 1800. His geological studies had led him on a few years before to a venture in the coal mine business at Cape Sable; but this proved disastrous and he failed for the sum of forty thousand dollars. At that time this was a very large debt for a business man with a large family to have hanging over his head, and though he lived for about forty-five years longer he never succeeded in paying it off, and thus died still a bankrupt.
Richard Caton's bankruptcy seems to have had various con- sequences in subsequent years, some of which may be enumer- ated as follows:
1. It was no doubt at this time that Charles Carroll of Car- rollton began the payment of a regular allowance to his daughter Mrs. Caton, reference to which is expressly made in the state- ment of her son-in-law, John McTavish, which was drawn up in the year 1824 in connection with a discussion of the family allowances made by the Signer up to that time.
2. In order to prevent his creditors laying hands on Richard Caton's prospective inheritance from his father, the latter made a final codicil to his will in the year 1803 bequeathing his eldest son's share to the latter's children.
3. His father-in-law also, probably in order to keep the bankrupt out of the debtor's jail, from this time on made an annual payment of three thousand dollars to his son-in-law's creditors, which payment was continued by Mrs. Caton after her father's death and led to unpleasant complications with the other heirs.
4. Perhaps it was owing finally to the same bankruptcy that Richard Caton spent the last forty years of his life it would seem, as the agent for the Carroll family in their real estate
CATONSVILLE BIOGRAPHIES. 307
transactions. He it was who in opposition to the ideas of his brother-in-law, General Robert Goodloe Harper, laid out the villages of Catonsville and CarroUton, the latter in the year 1810.
Carroll Will Case
One of the most famous will cases in the annals of Baltimore was that of Charles Carroll of CarroUton, last surviving signer of the Declaration of Independence. While there were many persons involved in this contest, the chief character appears to have been his son-in-law Richard Caton. Mr. Carroll, then the wealthiest man in America, had followed the general policy of keeping his affairs in his own control, dealing largely in real estate in all its many phases; but as the years passed and he became less and less able to attend to business matters, he appointed his son-in-law Richard Caton his agent and gradu- ally turned over to him the management of his estate to a great- er and ever greater degree. From time to time, Mr. Carroll allotted sums of money to his children and their families, gradu- ally increasing the amount as the years passed, but never mak- ing any real division of his estate among them. Finally in his old age he had the celebrated Maryland jurist, later Chief Jus- tice of the United States, Roger Brooke Taney draw up his will. Some years later Mr. Carroll, foreseeing dissensions among his heirs and at the instigation no doubt of Mr, Richard Caton, had a codicil to his will drawn up by Mr. John H. B. Latrobe in which he threatened to disinherit any of his heirs who would dispute the provisions of his will after his death. -^ This incident caused much ill-feeling in one way and another, and shortly after Mr. Carroll's death in November, 1832, Mr. Richard Caton published a pamphlet giving an account of his stewardship in his own defense. The main point at issue was the fact that after Mr. Carroll's death it was discovered that the Caton branch of the family had been bequeathed by far the
^'John E. Semmes, John H. B. Latrobe & His Times, 1803 to 1891. Baltimore, Maryland, The Norman Remington Co., 1917. See p. 291.
308 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
most important part of the estate, and this caused jealousy and ill-feeling on the part of the other heirs. After much discus- sion, assisted hy various lawyers, an agreement was finally reached and thereafter the controversy quieted down.
It may be of interest here to quote Mr. Caton's own state- ment of his case as given in two documents which have been preserved :
The Maryland Historical Society owns a copy of the rare pamphlet referred to above, whose lengthy title is as follows :
A Brief Statement of Facts in the management of the late Mr. Carroll of Carrollton's Moneyed Estate, by Richard Caton, his agent, and of the circumstances arising out of it, in relation to the distribution among the three branches of the family.
The opening paragraph reads as follows:
"As much observation has arisen on the subject of Mr. Car- roll's Will, and the disposition of his property during his life time, to the three branches of his family, in the discussion of which I am a prominent object ; I feel it necessary to produce facts, in relation to my stewardship : — and I have a confidence that every honest and unprejudiced mind, will give me credit for having in a great measure created Mr. Carroll's moneyed estate, and for the integrity and liberality with which I have acted to the Harper and Carroll Branches of the family, often at the expense of my own."
The other document referred to is an autograph letter of Richard Caton's now in the Library of Congress which reads as follows :^^
Baltimore, Feb. 28th, '33. Dr. Sr.—
I thank you for your kind letter, addressed to me, but in fact the Subject matter, intended for Mrs. McTavish.
" This letter is pasted in a large scrap-book, which was purchased by the Library of Congress in 1903 from a Washington art dealer named Fisher. The letter is torn and has been patched in several places. [Vidimus, G. C. K., June 11, 1919.]
CATONSVILLE BIOGRAPHIES. 309^
I can only say on our part, that I have, and each member of my family has, a strong desire to put an end to a calamitous and costly legal contention. If a legal issue be actually the object sought for, by the adverse party, and truth be the object desired, let us have a trial on the Caveat of Mrs. Carroll or any other person before the Orphan's Court, and send the record to the Court of Appeals, where a final adjudication can be had, and the law be made known. This will at least put a stop to expenditure, that must have finally, a termination in the Court of Appeals, and there only ; whatever intermediate points the question may pass thro'. As to a reference, I fear there is no chance, without surrendering the Will, which will never be consented to. I made proposals for a reference some five weeks since a common friend of the family communicated verbally the modus operandi, of the project, and he and one of the counsel approved of it ; but Mr. Carroll rejected it.
I will show you a "pro forma" of the Project; — you will see, that the objects of justice and equity are by it, attainable, by a very simple procedure. The subject will be further pro- ceeded on, by and by — the Parties know we are ready to close the contest by arrangement, — or a judicial decision, in the shortest way. If by your kind counsels, these ends can be pro- moted (and either of them will be met by us) we shall indeed feel much obliged.
I am very truly with Eespect,
D. Sr. yrs.,
Ed. Caton.. John Weems, Esqre.,
Ellieotts Mills P. 0., Be. Co.
Death and Obituaries
The glorious social life of the Catons became a tradition in the annals of Baltimore ; but this could not last forever. And so we find that having reached a ripe old age Kichard Caton on May 19, 1845, passed to his eternal rest. It has unfortu-
310 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
nately not been possible for the writer to discover where he was buried, but it may be worth while to quote some of the obitu- aries published in the Baltimore newspapers.
The Baltimore American published the following brief no- tice :^2
" One of our oldest citizens, Eichard Caton, Esq., departed this life yesterday morning after a very brief illness, in the eighty-third year of his age. Mr. Caton was the son-in-law of the late Charles Carroll of Carrolton."
The American Republican and Baltimore Daily Clipper un- der the head of City Intelligence gave a fuller account in the following words :^^
" Death of an old and esteemed citizen. We regret to record the death of Richard Caton, esq., who departed this life yes- terday morning after a short illness, in the 83d year of his age. Mr. C. was a native of Lancashire, England, and has been a resident of Baltimore for the last 62 years. He married the eldest daughter of the late Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, and is the father of the Marchioness of Wellesley. Mr. C. has long had the management of large landed estates ; possessed a highly enterprising spirit, and was distinguished as an accomplished gentleman of the old school."
Among the papers of the late John H. B. Latrobe there was found a printed invitation to attend the funeral of Mr. Richard Caton, which was directed to him and which gave the place of burial. ^^
Among the biographical clippings collected by the late Dr. Toner and now preserved in the Library of Congress are to be found four short obituaries of Richard Caton, but there is no indication of the sources from which they were obtained.
" This notice was kindly communicated to the writer by Mr. Wm. C. Lane, the Librarian of Harvard College Library, under date of April 5, 1919.
"Vol. xii, No. 120 (Tuesday Morning, May 20, 1845), p. 2, col. 3. [From a copy in the Library of Congress.] " Statement made in a letter written by John E. Semmes, Mar. 14, 1919.
CATONSVILLE BIOGRAPHIES. 311
Richard Caton died intestate and Josias Pennington was appointed his administrator. The latter rendered his first account on November 15, 1849, and his second and last account on July 6, 1853. According to these administrator's accounts, which are recorded in the Baltimore Court-House, it appears that he was attended in his last illness by Drs. Charles S. Davis and N. R. Smith, and that the balance of his estate after the payment of all debts and expenses was paid over to George Neilson, Administrator of James Keilson, on account of a judgment obtained against deceased in his life time.
It would appear that this was the final adjustment of the bankruptcy case which had been hanging over Richard Caton's head for nearly half a century.
Personal Characteristics
It is a tradition that Richard Caton was of an appearance almost as prepossessing as that of his bride, the beautiful Polly Carroll. Tall, dignified and exceptionally handsome, he was striking both in manner and in person. Although he could not boast a princely descent, yet his family, as we have already seen, was both old and honorable. In spite of all this, however, he was for long viewed by the older families of Baltimore with considerable jealousy, and was even looked upon by them as being a foreign adventurer.
There can be no doubt that his unusual good fortune was well calculated to excite the enmity of the social circle in which he moved. A man of real ability and of great fascination, albeit rather arrogant in manner, Richard Caton with presum- ably little of this world's goods to substantiate his claims had at one stroke secured a wife both beautiful and wealthy, and had allied himself with one of the foremost families in the land of his adoption.
Small wonder then that those who envied him in secret were ready to question in public his claim to success and to dwell with scarcely veiled ill-nature on his demerits. It must be admitted evidently that one of his failings must have served
312 MARYLAND HISTORIC AX MAGAZINE.
his enemies well. It has already been seen that at the time of his engagement to Polly Carroll he had contracted debts which his prospective father-in-law was very anxious to see settled. It will be noted likewise that, whether owing to rash speculation or to an inherent tendency to extravagance, Richard Caton throughout his life showed the same propensity for in- volving himself in pecuniary straits, an unfortunate propen- sity inherited by many of his descendants. To a man of the cautious temperament of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, who seems to have loved money for money's sake, this failing in his daughter's husband was a constant source of anxiety and an- noyance. It is evident, however, that Richard Caton was in spite of all this a man of undoubted culture and scholarly taste. As showing some of his peculiarities the following amusing anecdote concerning himself and his daughter Louisa has been handed down to us. Richard Caton, it appears, had on three occasions and for a considerable length of time accepted the hos- pitality of the Shelmerdines of Manchester, a family into which his sister Mary Caton had married. But when one of the Shelmerdines in 1830 proposed visiting Richard Caton in America, the latter replied only too curtly : " Although my house has twenty-eight rooms, it is full from top to bottom." When later, however, Richard Caton himself proposed visiting his daughter at Hornby Castle, he to his extreme surprise ex- perienced the same treatment. "You will have to get a bed at the inn," wrote Louisa in answer to his proposal, "for although my house is large — it is full ! " " Louisa always was a proud and saucy puss ! " commented Richard Caton, half in amuse- ment, half in anger. ^^
ADDITIONAL BflBLIOGJRAPHY
1787, Nov. 24. Marriage license issued Nov. 24, 1787, recorded at the State House, Annapolis, Md. [Seen by Wm. E. Olivet.]
1787, Nov. 30. The Maryland Journal, and Baltimcre Advertiser Baltimore, Md., Vol. xiv, No, 96 (Nov. 30, 1787), p. 2, 6ol. 1:
' See A. M. W. Stirling, Op. cit., pp. 206, 208, 209, 247, 248.
THE CALVEKT FAMILY. 313-
f
Marriage announcement of Mr. Richard Caton and Miss Polly Car- roll. Original copies in Library of Congress, Washington, D. C, and in Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore, Md. {Vidimus, G. C. K., May 29, 1919, and Oct. 8, 1920.]
3. 1826, Sept. 12. Letter from Charles Carroll of Carrollton dated at
Browns Tavern, Septr. 12th, 1826, to Richard Caton, Esq., Balti- more. Original manuscript in Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Carroll MSS., No. 5. IVidimus, G. C. K., May 26, 1919.]
4. 1829, Jan. 10. Letter from Richard Caton to John White, dated
Bait., Saturday, 10 Jany. [1829 probably]. Original letter in the Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Carroll MSS., Ac. 422. \yidim,us, G. C. K., May 28, 1919.]
5. 1830, May 26. Letter from Richard Caton to Roger Brooke Taney
(with 2 enclosures). Original manuscript in Maryland Historical Society, Carroll Papers, No. 714.
6. 1845. Tlfie American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge
for the Year 1846. Boston: Published by Jamea Munroe & Co., 1845. See p. 322: (1845) May 19.
7. 1845, May 20. The Sun (Baltimore, Md.), Vol. xvii. No. 3 (May 20,
1845), p. 2, col. 4; Death notice.
8. 1874. J. Thomas Scharf, Chronicles of Baltimore, pp. 209, 241, 260,
277, 392, 448, 514.
9. 1877. Esmeralda Boyle, Biographical Sketches of Distinguished
Marylanders. Baltimore: Kelly, Piet & Company, 174 W. Balti- more Street, 1877. See pp. 94-95. 10. 1881. J. Thomas Scharf, History of Baltimore City and County. Philadelphia, 1881. See p. 821, col. 1, note 1, and p. 825, col. 2.
THE CALVERT FAMILY
John Bailey Calveet Nicklin"
Part III
THE " MT. AIRY " LINE
24. Benedict (Swingate^ otherwise) Calvert* (Charles,*'' Benedict Leonard,® Charles,^ Cecil,* George,^ Leonard,* John^), was born (about 1724) several years before his father's marriage to Mary Jannsen. Charles Calvert, fifth Lord Baltimore, acknowledged the paternity of this natural
314 MARYLAND HISTORIC AX MAGAZINE.
son and was very devoted to him. (Perhaps he realized, in some indefinable manner, that through him alone his line was to be perpetuated?). But he never revealed the secret of his mother's identity. (It is said that his mother was one of the daughters of King George II., and that therefore he did not dare divulge the secret or keep the boy in Eng- land.) However this may be, Benedict was sent to Mary- land (in charge of Captain Vernon), where he was under the care of Dr. George Stewart of Annapolis. (Under date of August 31, 1728, Charles Lowe, cousin of the Calverts, wrote to Benedict Leonard Calvert, Jr., mentioning that this Charles, Lord Baltimore, had gone on a Scandinavian trip, having made a will before sailing in which he left 2000 pounds " to a IsTaturall Son by the name of Benedict Swingate." See this Magazine Volume III, page 323.). In 1744 Benedict Swingate or Calvert was appointed Col- lector of Customs at Patuxent and the next year he became a member of the Council. He made his home at " Mt. Airy " in Prince George's County, and there he died Jan. 9, 1788. He m., April 21, 1748, Elizabeth Calvert (q. v.), dau. of the Hon. Charles Calvert (Governor of Maryland 1720-7) and Rebecca Gerrard, his wife.
i. Rebecca, b. Dec. 25, 1749; d. i.
ii. Eleanor, b. 1754; d. Sept. 28, 1811; m. (1) Feb. 3, 1774, Colonel John Parke Custis (1753-1781) (a son of Martha Washington by her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis) ; m. (2) 1783, Dr. David Stewart.
Issue, by 1st m. :
1. Elizabeth Parke Custis, b. Aug. 21, 1776; d. Jan. 1, 1832; m. March 20, 1796, Thomas Law, nephew of Lord Ellenborough and son of the Bishop of Carlisle.
2. Martha Parke Custis, b. Dec. 31, 1777; d. July 13, 1854; m. Jan. 6, 1795, Thomas Peter.
3. Eleanor Parke Custis, b. March 21, 1779; d. July 15, 1852; m., at " Mt. Vernon," Feb. 22, 1799, in the pres- ence of George and Martha Washington and on the former's last birthday, Lawrence Lewis, nephew of Gen- eral George Washington.
THE CALVERT FAMILY. 315
4. George Washington Parke Custis, b. April 20, 1781; d. Oct. 10, 1857; he built the beautiful mansion, "Ar- lington," on the Potomac Eiver near Washington City; he m., 1805, Mary Lee Fitzhugh, dau. of Colonel Wil- liam and Anne (Randolph) Fitzhugh of "Ravens- worth."
Issue:
1. Mary Anne Randolph Custis, b. at " Arlington " Oct. 1, 1808; d. at Lexington, Va., Nov. 5, 1873; m. at "Arlington," June 30, 1831, Lieutenant Rob- ert Edward Lee, U. S. A. (afterwards General, C. S. A.). iii. Charles, b. Oct. 3, 1756; d. u. 1777.
iv. Elizab&th, m. June 15, 1780, Dr. Charles Stewart (1750- 1822). V. Edward Henry, b. Nov. 7, 1766; d. July 12, 1846; m. March 1, 1796, Elizabeth Biscoe (1780-1857); a quo Miss Helen Chapman Calvert of Alexandria, Va. 25, vi. George, b. Feb. 2, 1768; of whom later. vii. Philip, d. y. viii. Leonard, d. y. ix. Cecilius, d. y.
X. John, d. after 1788. 'j Living at the date of their
xi. William, d. after 1788. l father's death (1788). xii. Ariana, d. after 1788. |
xiii. Robert, d. y.
25. George Calvert^ (Benedict,^ Charles/ Benedict Leon- ard,^ Charles,^ Cecil,^ George,^ Leonard,^ John^), b. at "Mt. Airy" Feb. 2, 1768; d. at "Eiverdale" Jan. 28, 1838; m. June 11, 1799, Rosalie Eugenia Stier (1778- 1821), dau. of Henri Joseph Stier, of Antwerp, and Maria Louise Peeters, his wife.
ISSUE:
i. Caroline Maria, b. July 15, 1800; d. Nov. 25, 1842; m.
June 19, 1823, Thomas Willing Morris of Philadelphia, ii, George Henry, b. Jan. 2, 1803; d. s. p.. May 24, 1889; he was a distinguished author; m. May 8, 1829, Elizabeth Stewart (1802-1897), dau. of James and Rebecca (Sprigg) Stewart. iii. Marie Louise, b. 1804; d. 1809.
iv. Rosalie Eugenia, b. Oct. 19, 1806; d. May 6, 1845; m. Nov. 11, 1830, Charles Henry Carter (1802-1892) (grand-
316 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
son of " Light Horse Harry " Lee and nephew of General Robert Edward Lee, C. S. A.), a quo Mildred (Carter), Viscountess Acheson, of London.
26. V. Chakles Benedict, b. Aug. 23, 1808; of whom later, vi. Henry Joseph Albert, b. 1811; d. 1820.
vii. [Marie Louise, b. 1812; d. 1813.
viii. Julia, b. Jan. 31, 1814; d. June 8, 1888; m. May 7, 1833, Dr. Richard Henry Stuart. ix. Amelia Isabella, b. 1817; d. 1820.
26. Charles Benedict 'Calvert^® (George,^ Benedict,^ Charles/ Benedict Leonard,® Charles,^ Cecil,^ George,' Leonard,^ Jolm^), b. at " Eiverdale," Prince George's Co., Md., Aug. 23, 1808; d. there May 12, 1864; m. June 6, 1839, Charlotte Augusta Norris (d. Dec. 7, 1876), dau. of William and Sarah (Martin) l^orris.
ISSUE:
i. Ella, b. March 20, 1840; d. Feb. 17, 1902; m. Sept. 3, 1861,
Duncan G. Campbell, ii. George Henry, b. Nov. 29, 1841; m. Dec. 26, 1872, Frances
Seybolt.
27. iii. Charles Baltimore, b. Feb. 5, 1843; of whom later.
iv. William Norris, b. Oct. 12, 1845; d. Sept. 7, 1889; m. March 12, 1888, Laura Hunt.
Issue :
1. Rosalie Eugenia, m. Dr. W. W. Holland of Baltimora. V. Eugenia Stier, b. Dec. 19, 1846; d. u. Nov. 30, 1894. vi. Jules van Havre, b. Oct. 30, 1848; d. Aug. 4, 1849.
27. Charles Baltimore Calvert^^ (Charles Benedict,^" George,^ Benedict,^ Charles,*^ Benedict Leonard,® Charles,^ Cecil,^ George,' Leonard,^ John^), b. at " Riverdale," Feb. 5, 1843 ; d. Aug. 31, 1906 ; member of the Maryland Legis- lature 1864-66-67; Trustee of the State Agricultural Col- lege, from which he graduated in 1863 with the degree of A. B. ; m. June 14, 1866, Eleanor Mackubin, dau. of Dr. Richard Creagh and Hester Ann (Worthington) Mackubin of " Strawberry Hill," Anne Arundel County, Md.
issue :
i. Eleanor Gibson, m. June 8, 1892, W. Gibson Cary of Bal- timore.
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 317
ii. Hester Virginia, m. Dr. Henry Walter Lilly of North Carolina, iii. Charlotte Augusta, m. Thomas Henry Spence. iv. Charles Benedict, b. Nov- 8, 1871; d. July 2, 1872. V. Richard Creagh Mackuhin, h. Dec. 31, 1872; m. Zoe A mm en
Davis, vi. George Henry, b. Oct. 2, 1874; m. Cornelia Russell Knight, vii. Rosalie Eugenia Stier.
viii. Elizabeth Stewart, m. June 5, 1906, William Douglas Nel- son Thomas. ix. Charles Baltimore, b. Oct. 9, 1878.
THE " MYSTERIOUS LINE ''
28. As mucli uncertainty surrounds the paternity of this Charlea Calvert as does the maternity of his son-in-law, Benedict Swingate or Calvert of " Mt. Airy." The claim that he was a son of Charles Calvert, third Lord Baltimore, is un- supported entirely save hy the bare assertion that he was " uncle of Lord Baltimore " (i. e., Charles Calvert, fifth Lord Baltimore). (There is not a little reason to believe that he was identical with the Captain Charles Calvert Lazenby of His Majesty's Footguards in 1718.) He came to Maryland and was appointed Governor in 1720. In 1722 Mrs. Margaret Lazenby died in Anne Arundel Coun- ty ; she was called " aunt to our present Governor," who was this Charles Calvert. Of course, there is nothing to indicate why Captain Lazenby should have been permitted to assume the name of Calvert unless he were of Calvert blood. (Perhaps he was a natural son of Charles Calvert, third Lord Baltimore, by a Miss Lazenby?). In the will of the Hon. Benedict Leonard Calvert, Jr. (1700-1732), son and namesake of the fourth Lord Baltimore, mention is made of his " God-daughter, Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Calvert, Commissary-Oeneral," but no mention is made of any relationship, which certainly would have been made if her father were his uncle, it seems ! On the other hand, there is a possibility that Governor Charles Calvert might have been a posthumous son of the Hon. Philip Cal vert (1626-1682) (q. v.) and his second wife, Jane Sewall,
318 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
step-daughter of Charles Calvert, third Lord Baltimore. But again we are lacking in evidence to support this theory. As a final effort to place him correctly, it is somewhat reason- able to think that he may have been a son of George Calvert^ Esq. (b. 1669) (q. v.), himself a son of the Hon, William Calvert and Elizabeth Stone, his wife. This Charles Cal- vert, Governor of Maryland from 1720 to 1727, is said to have been born in 1691. The student of Calvert history must decide for himself where to place him in the gen- ealogy. So Governor Charles Calvert still remains one of the unsolved mysteries among the Calvert lineage. He was succeeded (1727) in the governorship by the Hon, Benedict Leonard Calvert, Jr. (1700-1732) (q. v,) and he then be- came a member of the Council and so remained until his death six years later. He m. ISTov. 21, 1722, Rebecca Ger- rard (d, 1735), dau, of John and Elizabeth Gerrard of Prince George's County, Md.
i. Charles, b. Nov. 2, 1723; d. Jan. 15, 1724.
ii. Anne, b. 1726; living 1734; untraced. (She evidently
died young.) ii. Elizabeth, b. Feb. 24, 1730; d. July 7, 1798; m. April 21,
1748, Benedict Swingate, or Calvert (q. v.) of " Mt. Airy."
(See this Magazine, Volume I, page 290.)
Vol. XVI
DECEMBER, 1921
No. 4
YLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZUVE
PUDLISHED BY
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VOLUME XL
This volume is ready for distribution and contains the Acts and Proceedings of the General Assembly of the Province, during the Sessions held from 1737 to 1740. During this period, Samuel Ogle was Governor and he met difficult situations with tact and firmness. It was a time of dissension between the two Houses and Sessions were often dissolved without any laws being passed.
At the Session held in April and May 1737, Benjamin Tasker was President of the Upper House and James Harris, Speaker of the Lower one. It was the third Session of the Assembly elected in 1734 and was a rather peaceful one. Addresses to the King and the Prince of Wales were adopted on account of the marriage of the latter. The Upper House refused to pass the Journal of Accounts, because the Lower one would not appropriate money for the Chief Justice of the Provincial Court. There are signs of the settlement of the " remote and back part of the Province." The growing grain trade is shown by a vote to permit inhabitants, who were not tobacco- makers, to pay in specie instead of in tobacco.
In August 1737, a very great drought caused a brief Session to prohibit the exportation of grain. The Pennsylvania border troubles took up some time. Richard Tilghman became President of the Council.
A new Assembly met in 1738 and a childish quarrel arose, in which the Lower House stood upon its dignity because of the manner in which a message from the Upper House was sent. Consequently, no laws were passed. Colonel John Mackall was Speaker and Matthew Tilghman Ward, President of the Upper House. Some of the officials in Dorchester and Talbot had to answer charges of oppression and extortion before the Lower House.
In 1739, a new Assembly held a session and again passed no laws. The Lower House again showed itself irritable and irascible and also refused, as usual, to pass a perpetual law as to fees. The Delegates finally refused to continue the temporary laws and Ogle refused to sign any laws passed, lest the meeting should become a Session and then terminate these laws.
A third new Assembly met early in 1740 and managed to pass one law for the raising of troops to serve in the war between England and Spain. The Lower House chose Philip Hammond of Anne Arimdel County as Speaker and showed itself very much afraid that it should be overruled by the Upper one. It also adopted an address to the King, reciting grievances, and was insistent upon a claim to have an agent appointed in England.
It is expected that volume XLI will continue the Judicial Business of the Provincial Court from 1658, being the third volume of the Court Report Series.
THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY
INCORPORATED 1843.
OFFICERS.
President,
W. HALL HARRIS.
Vice-Presidents,
HENRY STOCKBRIDGE, DeCOURCY W. THOM,
VAN LEAR BLACK.
Corresponding Secretary, J. APPLETON WILSON,
Treasurer, HEYWARD E. BOYCE
Recording Secretary, GEORGE L. RADCLIFFE.
THE COUNCIL.
The General Officers and rersesentatives of standing committees: CLINTON L. RIGGS, Representing the Trustees of the Athenaeum.
JOHN M. VINCENT, RICHARD M. DUVALL, PHILLIPS L, GOLDSBOROUGH, McHENRY HOWARD, RUXTON M. RIDGELY, JAMES McC. TRIPPE, BERNARD B. BROWNE, M. D.
Committee on Publication. Committee on the Library. Committee on Finance. Committee on Membership. Committee on the Gallery. Committee on Addresses. Committee on Genealogy.
1866. 1892. 1909. 1915. 1916. 1916. 1916.
1919. 1920.
BENEFACTORS OF THE SOCIETY.
GEORGE PEABODY, Gift, $20,000
J. HENRY STICKNEY, Bequest, .... 1,000
ISAAC F. NICHOLSON, Gift, 1,000
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ISAAC HENRY FORD, Bequest, .... 1,000
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MRS. MARY WASHINGTON KEYSER,
Gift of the buildings and grounds of the Society. MISS ELEANOR S. COHEN, . . Historical Relics and $300 HON. HENRY STOCKBRIDGE, . Gift, .... 1,000
CONTENTS.
PAGE
James Alfred Pearce. Bernwrd C. Steiner, - - • - 319
The Life of Thomas Johnson. Part Ninth. Edwa/rd 8. Dela-
plaine, ...------- 340
Unpublished Provincial Eecords, 354
Notes from the Earlt Records of Maryland, . - . . 369
The Calvert Family Memorabilia, 386
The Calvert Family. John Bailey Calvert 'Nicklin, ... 389
Proceedings of the Society, 394
Notes, Books Received, Etc., 403
Committee on Publicaliona
SAMUEL K. DENNIS, Chairman. JOHN M. VINCENT, BERNARD C. STEINER.
LOUIS H. DIELMAN, Editor.
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE
Vol. XVI. DECEMBER, 1921. No. 4
JAMES ALFRED PEAECE
Bernard C. Steinee
^' In politics lie was wliat he professes to be, a WMg, in the sense in which that denomination bore in his younger days — , never a Eepublican." (Miss Berry on Horace Walpole in Cunningham's edition of the Letters, I, p. Iv.)
For twenty years, from his first election in 1843 until his death in 1863, when he had served part of a fourth term, one of Maryland's representatives in the United States Senate was James Alfred Pearce. He was a quiet, dignified, scholarly, thoughtful, Christian gentleman, who filled with great industry, good ability, and high integrity the important legislative post with which he was so long honored by the people of his State.
He was born on December 14, 1805, at the house of his maternal grandfather, and was the son of Gideon Pearce and his wife, Julia, a daughter of Dr. Elisha Cullen Dick. Dr. Dick, who is probably best remembered as having been Presi- dent Washington's physician, had been born at Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, on March 15, 1762, and had married Hannah Harmon, the daughter of Jacob Harmon, a Philadelphia mer- chant, in October, 1T83. Through the Harmons, the family was related to the Browns, so long known as international bankers.
319
320 MAEYLA^'D HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Gideon Pearce was a native of Georgetown, Kient 'County, Maryland, and a member of a family, tlie head of whicli, William Pearce, came from Scotland to Maryland about 1670. He was a " well educated man, of excellent mind, of more than ordinary personal attractions and accomplishments, but so san- guine in temperament and visionary in character, that most of his enterprises ended in disappointments and pecuniary dis- aster. He was of a high sense of personal honor and of quick temper and was unfortunately engaged in two duels, one in Maryland and one in Louisiana, in one of which he was severely wounded. The testimony of all who knew him was that his character was without blemish, notwithstanding his misfor- tunes." He was a farmer in Kent County, until 1821 or 22, when he moved to Louisiana and engaged in sugar planting there, never returning to Maryland, except for one short visit. He removed to Missouri later and died near Warsaw in that State on N'ovember 5, 1851.
Mrs. Pearce died in Alexandria in 1808, leaving an infant daughter, Ophelia, in addition to her son. The daughter after- wards married Kev. Dabney M. Wharton of Botetourt County, Virginia, and died near Montross in Westmoreland County, Virginia, about 1868 or 1869, leaving a son.
A motherless boy, James Alfred Pearce was brought up at the homes of his grandfather and his father's brother, James Pearce, who was a large landowner, living at Colchester, a plantation on the Sassafras River, adjoining the village of Georgetown. He married quite late in life and left no children, but his young namesake filled the place of a son in the house- hold, during the college course and for a year or two subse- quently.
James Alfred Pearce fitted for college in the academy of W. B. Leary at Alexandria, and having entered the college of 'New Jersey at Princeton in 1819, graduated therefrom in 1822. During his college course, he was a member of the Cliosophie Society and held the honor of Junior Orator. At graduation, he divided the first honors of his class with a life-long friend,
JAMES ALFRED PEAECE. 321
Edward D. Mansfield of Ohio. He studied law in the office of Judge John Glenn and with David Hoffman at Baltimore, and was admitted to the bar in 1824. After a year's practice at Cambridge, Md., he went to Louisiana and spent two or three years there on a plantation with his father, but returned thence to spend the rest of his life in Kent County. Returning from Louisiana, he settled at Chestertown, the county seat, and began the successful practice of his profession there. His friend, J. W. Crisfield, thus spoke of him as a lawyer : " His mind, quick, analytical, and discriminating, was admirably fitted for the successful pursuit of the law. By careful study, he had mastered the great principles of the science and made them his own, and his ready elocution, enriched and adorned by his ripe scholarship, and his immense and varied stores of literature made him a most powerful and fascinating advocate."
On October 6, 1829, he married, at Cambridge, Maryland, Martha J. Laird, the daughter of the Rev. William H. Laird, a clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal Church.^ Two daugh- ters and a son were born to this union. The elder daughter, Catherine Julia, married Dr. J. L. Burrus of Louisa County, Va, ; while the younger daughter, Charlotte Augusta Lennox, married Arthur Crisfield of Washington, D. C. The son was James Alfred Pearce, Jr., to whom I aim much indebted for indispensable information, and for the use of his father's cor- respondence, now generously given to the Maryland Historical Society by him. He also graduated at Princeton, and both at the bar on the Bench of the Maryland Court of Appeals, and as a member of the Public Service Commission, maintained the character of a high-toned, courteous, able, gentleman. He died on December 9, 1920.
Mrs. Pearce died on March 10, 1845 and, on March 22, 1847, her husband married again, Matilda C. Ringgold, daughter of Richard W. Ringgold, a Chestertown merchant, who survived
^ Wm. George Krebs, wlio tad. been a fellow law student with Pearce, wrote him on Nov. 14, 1829, congratulating him upon his marriage and. expressing the wish that Pearce would come to live in Baltimore.
322 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
him and died in 1886. From the second marriage, one daughter was born, Mary Clementine, who married Josias Kinggold, Jr., of Chestertown. Pearce took an active interest in local affairs in Chestertown. He was professor of law in Washington Col- lege there from 1850 to 1862 and, during the same period, he served as vestryman of Chester parish.
In 1831, he was elected a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from Kent County upon the "Whig ticket ^ and served in that position during the session beginning in Decem- ber of that year.^ He was too young and modest to assume a leading part. His sterling abilities so impressed themselves upon the people of the Eastern Shore that he was nominated by the Whigs as Eepresentative in Congress and was elected in the fall of 1835. In 1837, he was re-elected and, though de- feated in 1839 by the Democratic candidate, Philip Francis Thomas, afterwards Governor of the State and Secretary of the Treasury, his party still had confidence in him, so that he was elected for a third term in 1841. Transferred to the Senate in 1843, he continued there; until, at his death, he had served as a member of one of the houses of Congress for 26 years. Chestertown saw him, whenever he was not engaged at Wash- ington, for he was not a great traveller. Sometimes he brought as a visitor one of those associated with him in public work — especially in the scientific work to which he gave so much atten- tion. Joseph Henry and Alexander D. Bache were among those who visited him, and a pleasant letter of thanks from the latter for such a visit is preserved, written from Washington on June 13, 1851.
" I reached Elkton before sunset of Friday, passing through a beautiful agricultural country, looking ever so prosperous,
'W. B. Bend from Manchester, England, wrote Pearce a brisk account of his travels, through Prussia,) Saxony, Hanover, Holland, Belgium, France, and England and said " You seemed in former days to have a strong proclivity for politics."
' In Jan., 1832, Wm. George Read wrote Pearce at Annapolis, asking him to push a bill to grant a divorce to Mrs. Henrietta Stewart, whose husband had left the State.
JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 323
and through at least one town which is on the move, Chesapeake. Alex. Evans was at home and I enjoyed his society until an unknown hour of the night, when he showed me the way to the cars and I was dozingly transferred to Baltimore and Wash- ington, the looking at tickets, calling for baggage checks, for passenger checks, and coming so frequently between the stops that they seemed to be like the R. E,. milestones to the man who thought himself in a grave yard, I was able to keep my ap- pointments for Sat. and to attend to some that had been made for me, not reaching here at all too soon. One of the Com- missioners in the encroachments on 'New York harbour was waiting to see me, and the next thing would have been a hint about business before pleasure or some such wise saw used as a modern instance.
" Last evening Prof. [Joseph] Henry and his daughter Carry came to see us and to dilate upon the delightful time he had had with you. This as proving that he had not missed me at all was gratifying. I propose repaying him by going again with him and staying the whole time, even if it was uncertain as the time of the trip just past."
Pearce took * an official to Chestertown and spent three days with him " ciphering out " different modes by which the cost of printing the reports of the Wilkes Exploring Exposition might be reduced.
Throughout his life, Pearce kept up his habits of study, and he well merited the degrees of LL. D. conferred upon him by St. John's College in 1856 and by Princeton University — his Alma Mater — in 1859.
In Kent County, Pearce showed his agricultural tastes. He had raised cotton in Louisiana and even tried to do so in Mary- land; but soon became satisfied that it could not be profitably groMTi so far North. ^ After his death, Senator Anthony
* See Congressional Gloie for March 3, 1859.
" " Yoii cannot make a quarter of la bale to the acre, the picking is very laboring and runs into cold weather." Speech in Senate of February 3, 1862.
324 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Kennedy spoke of him as " mucli given to the pursuits of agri- culture. He cultivated, with great success, fruits and flowers.'' Mr. 'Crisfield bore testimony that he " was a most successful farmer," bringing a farm, " noted for its barrenness, to be one of the most fertile and productive estates in Maryland. An- nually, he used to give a farmer's dinner, at which his neigh- bors were collected; and, occasionally, he gave to his fellow citizens the benefit of his knowledge of the science and practice of agriculture, in the form of a public address." Bache thought that if Pearce had not been a lawyer, he might " have been celebrated as an agriculturist."
He was a man of varied tastes and acquirements, combining, as Kennedy said, " the learning of the statesman and jurist with that of the accomplished scholar. He was fond of paint- ings and music: was gifted with a fine voice, with which at times he charmed the social circle, as he always did by the finished style of his conversation." Wiliam P. Fessenden, of Maine, bore this testimony : " Distinguished as a scholar in early life, thoroughly imbued with a love of letters and of science, delighting in books, he had read much and well upon a great variety of subjects. An accurate and painstaking lawyer, his mind was disciplined to logical exactness. Pond of the beautiful in all its forms and quick to discern it, his taste, naturally good, had been highly and carefully cultivated. He loved poetry and painting and sculpture and music and flowers. Few men were his equals in the charm of social intercourse. Possessing a correct taste and great amenity of manner, being withal, a close observer of events and a patient thinker, his conversation was both interesting and instructive, and always fastidiously pure. Few men have more thoroughly mastered our language, or could habitually express themselves with equal correctness and elegance. An awkward phrase was to him an annoyance, and vulgarity almost a crime."
To this testimony, Mr. Crisfield added : " His tastes were all refined, delicate and elevated. He could not tolerate the gross, vulgar, or indelicate. He loved the beautiful in whatever
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form it appeared. He deliglited in flowers, lie was charmed with music. The wild melody of birds never failed to draw from him an expression of pleasure. In social intercourse, he was without a rival, so far as my observation goes. His rich and varied learning, his thorough knowledge of men and things ; the quick and rapid evolutions of his mind; his inexhaustible fund of incident and anecdotes of remarkable persons and periods; his wit and humor; the natural and easy flow of his style; and his graceful and dignified manner never failed to fascinate all who were permitted to enjoy his society." Cris- field spoke from a friendship that had lasted long, so that he could say " I have his familiar letters, running through a period of over twenty years " and, therefore, his testimony is of great value, when he stated that " purity of conduct was habitual with him : it pervaded his whole life and in every relation."
His friend Bache spoke of Pearce's " remarkable powers of attaching to himself men of science^ literature, and art," and of the fact that " his friendships were warm, and, once formed, were proof against all trials of absence, or change of fortune."
" The genial elements of his character, naturally expanded most freely in the circle of his family and friends, where he was truly and ever at home. His garden, its fruits and flowers, were his habitual delight ; his farm and its operations seem to touch by association the springs of his deepest affection. He superintended every process with a judgment rarely at fault, and watched all the varied developments of natiTre with the interest of the amateur, or the naturalist. Wlhoever had not seen Mr, Pearce in his dwelling, in his garden, or upon his farm, knew him but imperfectly."
Ben Perley Poore (Reminiscences, i^ 76) speaks of Pearce as a " gentleman of the old school, tall with a commanding figure, expressive features, blue eyes, light hair, a brilliant con- versationalist, and a welcome guest at dinner."
In the House of Representatives, Pearce's quiet modesty kept him from frequent speeches. The first entry of his name in the Congressional Globe is in connection with a resolution
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offered by him on April 8, 1836, asking the Committee on the Post Offices to inquire into the establishments of post roads on the Eastern Shore. He served on the Committee on Territories, and on April 8, advocated the erroneous view that there is no difference between the tenure of the United States District Judges and Territorial Judges. Three days later, he offered a resolution that the Secretary of War make a report as to the expenditure for repairs upon the Cumberland Koad, east of the Ohio River.
His respect for the dignity of the House was shown on July 2, 1836, when Mr. Williams of Kentucky refused to take his seat, though ordered to do so by the Chairman of the Committee of the Whole, and Pearce insisted that Williams was liable to censure, " to vindicate the dignity and honor of the House," which had nothing to do with any personal quarrel between the two members, but had a " great deal to do with the violation of its orders and the total sacrifice of all public business, at a moment like the present."
On January 25, 1837, Pearce made his first formal speech before the House. The bill for the admission of Michigan was under discussion and the Chairman of the 'Committee on the Judiciary made a speech, which was understood to refer unfavorably to political condition in Maryland.
Jenifer,^ the member from Southern Maryland, and Pearce, both Whigs and warm mutual friends, made spirited speeches in defense of the State Government. The electoral college for the choice of the Maryland Senate had met in the previous year
* Daniel Jenifer, who lived at Port Tobacco, was a long-time friend of Pearce and wi'ote Pearce on February 15, 1842, from Paris, of his enjoy- ment of France, his visits to Versailles, his attendance on a masked ball, his impressions of the Venus of Milo, and of Fanny Ellsler :
" I do not recollect whether I had written you that I had been to the Tuilleries and presented to the King and royal family, who are rather plain folk except the Dutchess of Nemours who is a very pretty woman. The old Queen is as stately as old Mrs. Lloyd used to be. The sons, all of whom I have seen, are moderately clever and quite polite in manners &c. They generally attend the Italian opera. To which I have been as lalso the French and heard all the crack singers."
JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 327
and the 19 Van Buren electors, finding that the Whigs had chosen 21 members of the College, while 24 constituted a qnonim, had refused to allow the body to organize, unless a compromise was made with them. Eventually, they were forced by public opinion to yield ; though the public sentiment, aroused during the discussion, soon led to the abolition of the electoral college and the direct election of Senators, Pearce's speech was a fine spirited one,''' containing a high eulogy of the people of Maryland and insisting upon constitutional methods in changing the form of government.
In 1838, he spoke in connection with an investigation of the sergeant-at-arms, and on duelling in the District of Columbia and, on February 26, 1839, he criticized Waddy Thompson's strong language in the debate upon the ISTorth East Boundary. He was interested in pressing the claim of Mrs. Alphonsa Blake ^ for the salary of her father, William Carmichael, as Secretary of the legation at Madrid and at Paris with Franklin during the Revolutionary War, and also in negotiation with the Patent Office concerning a corn-sheller invented by William Carmichael, Jr. The letters which passed between Carmichael and Pearce in January, 1839, throw important light upon Pearce's political position at this time. On January 2, Car- michael wrote Pearce as follows :
" Few of your constituents, I apprehend give you so much trouble as I do, and perhaps but few have so little claim. Your wrong position, which I have always lamented, deprived you of my poor service.
" Mr. Spencer at my request, after the rejection of my appli- cation for a Patent for my cornsheller, at my instance wrote
' The speech was not reported in full in the Congresional Globe, but was printed in pamphlet form in Baltimore. See Steiner's " The Electoral College for the Senate of Maryland and the Nineteenth Van Buren Elec- tors " in Annual Report of American Historical Association for 1895, p. 129.
* Mrs. Blake lived near Chestertown and wrote Pearce on February 9, 1836 and January 11, 1838. Pearce presented the claim again to the Senate on January 21, 1850.
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to Mr. Cox of the City to ascertain the name and residence of the man who had preceded me in the Invention; which he learned was Albert W. Gray residing in Middletown, Vermont. He was also informed at the Patent office that this invention was as old as 1820, and of course Gray's title was defective. My object in obtaining this information was to obtain a right to use my cornsheller; but if the information at the office is correct, it would be useless to put myself to this trouble and expense, and I must beg you at a leisure moment, to call at the office and ascertain from Mr. Ellsworth, upon what evidence this information is founded. This information I Apprehend the commissioner is bound to give you, or I would not impose on you the inquiry. These gentlemen officers are not generally disposed to trouble themselves, beyond their legal obligation. If the information be not satisfactory, I must then ask you to enquire of the Representative from Gray's district, if he knows the price of his patent rights and if to serve his constituants he would undertake to procure me one: I am not disposed to become a Pirate.
" I must again call your attention to Mrs. Blake's claim now before Congress. I shall dispair if it is not acted upon this Session. I have reason to believe there are members in Congress this Session, in favor of it, who may not be there again. I understand that the delay, is from want of a report, from the Committee of Foreign Relations, of which Mr, Benjamin Howard is 'Chairman. I am not acquainted with Mr. Howard or I would write to him; with his Brother the late Mr. John Howard I was on terms of very friendly intercourse, and during my short career in public life, I had the good fortune to render some service to his Father by detecting and preventing a Legis- lative plan, by which in his estimation, his property near Bal- timore would have [been] much injured. In this transaction Col. Howard's confidence has been greatly abused by some of the master spirits of Bal. Of this transaction it is probable Mr. B. Howard has no knowledge, but both Col Howard and Mr. John Howard were fully aware of it. Of this matter I
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have seldom spoken, and on it I found no claim of power for my relation from Mr. Howard except the favor of an early- report, such as his judgment, and sense of justice may dictate, so that it may be acted upon this Session.
" You had the goodness last year to procure for me the Madisonian, I soon found it to be the Echo of a party whose opinions I did not approve, and have discontinued it. I have a desire to know a little more of English affairs, than we get on our party papers, and if you can subscribe for me to the Albion I shall esteem it a privilege, I will pay you at sight.
" I am locked up by Frost and snow and thrown upon my own tender resources, whilst you are under the fine excitement of the House of Representatives. I have been reading Morris's Life by Sparks. As you are a reader and can command books without buying them, I suppose you have read it. The original papers of Mr. Morris, which Mr. Sparks has collected, connected with the American and French Revolution, place him among the first men of those days either in America or France. I had heretofore esteemed him an orator, about the level of the late Mr. Wirt; but I find him to have been a deep and sagacious statesman. His maturer days were overshadowed by the clouds of Democracy, and his private views, which like some of our present Dignataries, he was at little pains to conceal greatly impaired his standing in the Country, these Mr. Sparks has not touched, and those who read the book some fifty years hence, may think that he and his wife Miss Anne C. Randolph were models of virtue, in the best days of the Republic; our American Biographers are exceedingly courteous a Plutarch or a Tacitus would have raised the curtain at least ankle high.
" I do not know how you voted on Atherton's resolutions, if I had been a member coming as they did from the East, I would have reed them kindly and courteously. I hope for the Session they muzzle that old Cuss J. Q. A., and the other Ban dogs of the House.
" Remember me kindly to my friend Mr. Jenifer, and tell him from his speech, last Session (a copy of which he had the
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goodness to send me), and from his movements this I perceive that " old age " ne'er quells 'The Douglas Blood.'
" Should you deem it prudent, at an opportune time, you may read to Mr. Howard that part of my letter which refers to Mrs. Blake's business, and I beg the favor to hear from you at an early date, on your affairs, and as also on my own concerns."
Pearce answered this letter on January 8, as follows :
" It gives me no trouble to attend to your commissions and if it did there is no one of my constituents for whom I would more cheerfully put myself to inconvenience.
" The difference of opinion which separates us politically has upon neither of us I am sure any other effect, — I become every day more opposed to Mr. Van Buren for whom personally I have not the least respect but I do not at the same time become a warmer partizan or less charitable to those who hold opinions opposite to mine.
" Early in the Spring I placed in Mr. Oushing's hands all the papers on Mrs. Blake's case with an earnest request to him to report on the subject. He informs me to day that he has already translated the Spanish Voucher and made an abstract of all the evidence — and that he has a report in part prepared to be completed in a week. I spoke to Mr. Howard but I do not expect any active influence from 'him. In truth the com- mittees are organized not with reference to their capacity and readiness to transact business but with a view to political effect. Members think it a compliment to be on many committees and such as are considered important. The consequence is that these compliments are paid at the expense of the business of congress.
" The speaker places Mr. Pickens who does not love work on 4 different committees to which he does not and cannot attend while I am a member of a committee which never meets and has nearly nothing to do.
JAMES ALFRED PEAECE. 331
" The committees which have no political power are toler- ably well organized — the others are fitted with ' babbling politicians.'
" I called at the patent office and learned that the old patents for corn shellers were destroyed in the fire of 1836 and that they have not been renewed in the office because they were obsolete. Gray's patent is dated in 1836 before the late law appointing examiners etc. Had it been applied for since that Law it would not have been granted for want of originality. McKeller and Dr Jones have no doubt on the subject and tho' the record evidence has been destroyed they say they know the original patent is out of date and that you may with perfect safety and a good conscience use the cornsheller. Mr. Keller says there are many mills which use the cornsheller without purchase of the patent and that no suit could possibly be main- tained for such use.
" I purchased Sparks life of Gouveneur Morris two years ago and read it with great delight and equal admiration of Morris's far seeing sagacity. It has been considered a moot point how far it's well to delineate the vices of great men. But it seems to me that when the biographer condemns the errors and vices which impair the character of his subject the value of the lesson is greater than the evil of the example. But it is better not to mention them at all than to gloss them over or treat them with forbearing mildness.
" I voted with the majority on Atherton's resolutions altho' I do not entirely approve them and should have liked to amend them somewhat. The first resolution is inaccurate and means more in its terms than was intended and the last is not in my opinion the most polite course we could adopt. But as our lips were sealed by the previous questions no explanation could be made. ISTow while I think Congress has no right to abolish slavery in the States, I think they have the right to legislate on the subject of slavery in the States for the purpose of securing to us our run away negroes.
" I think that while laying on the table memorials on aboli- tion stops debate here it increases excitement elsewhere. T
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believe that we liave a perfect right to refuse to receive them and that if they are received they should be permited to be debated. They debated the subject in the Senate last year until the fuel burned out and now you never think of an excite- ment on that subject in that body. So it would be here if per- haps it were not for that miserable old mischief maker and pest J. Q. Adams. I fear that abolition will spread till it gathers head enough to force upon Congress some action on the subject and then the South will dissolve the Union. Cer- tain it is that the bonds which hold us together are not deemed as strong as they have been and that the centrifugal force is increasing. Were it not for presidential politics I think it might be well but nothing now is done without reference to party results and the abolitionists will be courted by both parties wherever they hold the balance of power."
Congressmen were importuned then as now. For example, on March 17, 1838, E. F. Chambers asks that Pearce secure him volumes of the State Papers to complete his set. On December 19, 1836, Philip Wallis asked him to make a speech in the House requesting that Baltimore be indemnified for her expenses in the "Wlar of 1812 and gave references to mate- rial, and on March 1, 1838, he asked Pearce to advocate the Treaty Question Claims. A third letter, in IsTovember, 1840, from Wallis,'' who hailed from Kent County, requested that Pearce and other Kent County Whigs give him a recommenda- tion to Harrison, the President elect, for appointment to public ofiice.
In spite of Pearce's rarely occupying the floor, B. U. Camp- bell WTote him on January 24, 1839 that Senator Merrick ^^
'Wallis removed to Louisiana and wrote from New Orleans in 1833 of financial difficulties. He was killed in the explosion of a steamboat on the Mississippi River a year or two later.
" Campbell was in Washington and regi-etted that he could not return Pearce's call, for which he was obliged. He asked that public documents on finance etc. be sent him by Pearce. John P. Kennedy has sent Campbell none, and Campbell, though one of his constituents, is " too proud to ask him to do so poor a courtesy." Pearce may tell Kennedy how Campbell " appreciates his forgetfulness of an old friend."
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had said to him that Pearce " was decidedly the strongest man in the Maryland delegation."
After two years of retirement, Pearce again was nominated by the Whigs for Congress in 1840. Thomas declined to run against him and Pearce was chosen without opposition. As Pearce said on the floor of the House, on August 7, 1841, " I came and looked. I saw no one in arms, nobody to con- quer." Pearce was known to be hostile to the subtreasury system and maintained that the question of giving up that system was fully discussed in the presidential campaign. In the speech, just referred to, he praised President Harrison with earnestness and defended, in a vigorous and able manner, the constitutionality and expediency of a jSTational Bank. On August 18, 1842, he animadverted severely upon C J. Inger- soll's ^^ playful remark that he would have been a Tory during the Revolution and, on August 25, he moved that mileage for Congressmen be limited to actual travelling expenses. His most important act during his term was the presentation of the report ^^ of the majority of the Judiciary Committee on January 31, 1843, recommending that a fine be not refunded to General Andrew Jackson. During the Louisiana campaign of 1814-15, Jackson had declared martial law. The committee held that his declaration was " without law and in violation of the Constitution of the United States." Jackson had continued martial law until March 22, 1815, an act which the Committee considered " not only unsanctioned by law, but not excusable by necessity." He had arrested, imprisoned, and tried by court martial, Louis Louallier St., a member of the State Legislature and a man of undoubted loyalty, for publishing an article in the " Louisiana Courier," criticising Jackson's order, that certain French subjects who had received certificates of nationality from the French consul retire to the interior as far
" C. J. Ingersoll (1782-1862), whose biography has been written by WilliaiQ M. Meigs, Esq., was a representative in Congress from 1813 to 1815 and from 1841 to 1847.
" The Report is No. 122, House Reports, 27th Congress, 3rd Session.
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as Baton Eouge. The Committee's report stated that these acts were unlawful and that Louallier's detention, after acquittal by the court martial, was a " dangerous and despotic exercise of power." Judge Hall of the United States District Court signed a writ of habeas corpus in Louallier's favor, and Jackson, thereupon, arrested Hall for " exciting mutiny in his camp," while he seized the order of the court. For these acts, he was fined and the committee summed up the matter thus: " General Jackson's refusal to obey the writ of habeas corpus and his imprisonment of the judge was a violation of the most sacred right of the citizen, of the express provision of the Con- stitution, and of the judicial independence and, together with his seizure of an original court paper, was a contempt of court, for which he was justly and legally fined." ^^
This report brought Pearce prominently before the people of Maryland, and gave him strong support from the Whigs, not only in his own State but also elsewhere. Judge S. S. ISTicholas of Louisville, Kentucky, wrote him, on February 11, 1844, warmly praising the report and severely criticising one made by the Senate Committee, which favored refunding the fine. Nicholas expressed a wish that a letter of Dallas, the acting Secretary of War, written to Jackson in 1815, be pub- lished, as it would show that Madison's Cabinet concurred in the views which Pearce and ^Nicholas maintained.
The term of John Leeds Kerr ^* in the United States Senate was about to expire. At that time, it was customary to elect one of the Senators from each Shore of the Chesapeake Bay and Kerr was an Eastern Shore man. The Whigs had a majority ^^ in the legislature. This combination of circum-
^' In the Senate on June 13, 1845, Pearce said that he had been a member of the House Committee to investigate the Compendium of the Census of 1840 and that he thought the Superintendent exceeded his authoriy in issuing it.
"John Leeds Kerr (1780-1844), namesake and relative of John Leeds Bozman was a representative in Congress from Maryland from 1825 to- 1829 and United States Senator 1841 and 1843.
"John L. Dorsey's letter to Pearce, written from Athens, Georgia, on
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stances brouglit about the result of Pearce's election to tlie Senate on December 29, 1843. ^^
A few days after the election on January 30, 1844, John P. Kennedy ^"^ wrote Pearce a sprightly letter from Baltimore, as follows :
" It is not too late to congratulate you upon your appoint- ment, especially as I partly did so before you got it. — 'So suc- cess to you among their worships ? — ^Being now one of the " higher orders " I want you to take pity on an humble sinner
November 9, 1843, shows how Pearce's friends were campaigning for him: "You will perceive by the date of this letter, that I am in the South — far from old ]\Iaryland, but still I cherish a self interest in her wellfare, and her distinguished statesmen. Am.ong these permit me to say I mention yourself — land as an evidence of my declaration, I have been urging at Home your pretensions to a seat in the Senate of the United States — My Father also has been industriously engaged in the same course. Mr. Charles Calvert is one of your friends, as also General Chapman of Charles County.
" The other day I had a conversation with the Hon. William Cost Johnson ■ — He then expressed himself strongly in your [favor] and said he designed to use his influence with the Frederick delegation.
" I have written to SoUers on the subject — whose friendship for you is sworn and decided — He can influence Dalrymple's vote.
" Merrick and his influence will go for Spence. I am inclined to think fxom circumstances General Mathews the Senator, is somewhat under his influence and his vote may be carried against you — My Father promised me to see Owen, a young lawyer who studied with him for two years. He can do more with him than any one in the County.
" So much for home.
" I am now in the midst of one of the strongest Whig States in the Union. Georgia will give a heavier vote for Clay than she did for General Harrison. There is more political excitement here than 1840 and even more enthusiasm displayed on account of the Whig triumphs, than you can well imagine. Mr. Colburn is prostrate. This is admitted on all sides by his most intimate, personal and political friends. General Sanders told me in North Carolina that Clay would undoubtedly carry his State by a very large vote. It is impossible for the Van Buren and Calhoun party ever to amalgamate for any purpose whatever.
" I expect to meet next March in the Senate, so I am in hope you will excuse this hasty scrawl.
^*The certificate is signed by Ilichard Thomas, President of the Senate, and William H. Watson, Speaker of the House of Delegates.
^' Kennedy was a prominent Whig.
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wlio is striving after his election, and come to his aid. — Our Clay clubs are in a state of exultation which requires to be fed with the finest excitement. The 10th. Ward have their meet- ings at ' The Sloshes of Hanover ' where large and enthusiastic congregations of Whigs assemble at short summons. They have determined that you must speak to them, as Botts has lately done. A committee has already written to you and this is to hach it 'Now let me entreat you, my dear Senator, by no means to pretermit this Duty, but by all means to come over and give us a screed of Doctrine. You have so many well wishers in Baltimore, that upon a statement of accounts you fairly owe them this balance, and ought to make a point of conscience to pay it. — IsTame your own Day before the 14th. of Feb. and run over to our thirsty Whigs who famish for Doc- trine.— In earnest, I beg you to comply."
Pearce's credentials were laid before the Senate on January 2, 1844, and on the 10th, he was introduced to that body by his colleague, William D. Merrick, and qualified for the office, rive days later, Pearce presented a petition for payment on account of material furnished for lighthouses on the Chesapeake Bay.^^ He was placed on the Committee on Private Land Claims and on ITaval Affairs and presented from the latter Committee, on January 29, a bill for the relief of Commander M'lntosh.^^ His first speech, delivered on March 5, concerned the contract to make cannon, which it was alleged burst, because made of cheap pig iron. In this speech he showed considerable knowledge of the subject. ^^ On April 4, he objected to the establishment of a naval depot at Memphis or Cairo, as there
^^ Vide April 9.
^° He defended this bill on March 26, and spoke on a naval court martial on April 5. See May 21, on discharge of committee from consideration of a petition and reference to the Committee on Pensions.
I™ He presented a petition against a change in the tariff on March 27, one from Baltimore for harbor improvement on May 27, and on May 30, offered a resolution that the Committee on Finance report as to the ex- pediency of permitting the free importation of guano.
JAMES ALFRED PEARCE. 337
were only seven feet of water there and vessels of war should be built, or repaired, only where there was always sufficient depth for them to be floated to the ocean. ^^ He showed his scientific interest by speaking on engraving a map of Texas. ^-
He was a young man — not yet forty years of age — and the ex- uberance of youth is shown in the brief speech which he made upon the acceptance of the camp chest of George Washington, which had been left to the United States by the will of William S. Winder.^^ In the course of the speech, Pearce said : " Our colonial existence was that of young Freedom, restrained indeed and checked during nonage, but only for a moment enchained. Our national history is that of recollections of privation and sufferings, of want approaching to famine ; of poverty in almost every form — most patiently, patriotically and nobly borne by the officers, soldiers, and citizens of our Country during the darkest, but perhaps the proudest period of her history. It tells of disastrous reverses, heroically sustained and gloriously re- trieved."
At the close of his first term Pearce was re-elected without much opposition. When the second term was drawing to an end, there was a certain rivalry, of which J. G. Chapman ^* wrote Pearce, on January 12, 1854, from Glen Albin, Charles County :
" I received your letter last night and thank you for it. I have been anxious for your re-election not only from personal regards — but upon higher considerations — I love my friends as much as most men do — but I feel more for the honor and in- terest of the Country. There is no reason why you should not
i^ On May 27, he favored an appropriation to Robert Fulton's heirs. He advocated this bill again on December 17.
'^On June 11. On June 5 he presented a memorial from Cecil County protesting against the annexation of Texas, and as the petition contained expressions disrespectful to President Taylor, he consented to have it laid on the table.
•^^ Son of Governor Levin Winder.
'*0n March 20, 1854, his credentials for the term beginning on the subsequent 4th of March were presented.
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be re-elected unanimoTisly — Every consideration of justice, wis- dom and policy prompts to it.
" I had not communicated with you on the subject, for I did not know that it might not seem to be officious in me to do so — Yet I have not felt indifferent and have as far as I might, ex- pressed myself promptly and fully, and as far as my opinion and the reasons of State justice, and policy could have weight or influence, they have been given upon every occasion. As far as I am now informed great exertions have been made to prevent your re-election — They emanate from that portion of the Whig party known as the "Court House Clique," which has its ramifications and satellites in every County of the State — and every means of corruption have been used to extend and strengthen their influence,
" What can you do — 'What can any man of proper delicacy do, w^ho is conscious of his own regard for the Country's good and who feels that he is entitled to at least the Country's jus- tice if not its gratitude? — A miserable system had sprung up in the State & an honorable man does not meet on equal ground the designing Demagogue who will bargain for place and dis- regard all truth and moral obligations to further his purpose.
" I am not surprised at any combinations which they may form — That faction had now I believe the control of the Whig party in almost every county in the State — It made desperate efforts to succeed here last summer but they failed.
" I am surprised to hear from you that Morgan is opposed to your re-election, although he belongs to the Court House faction — I met with him in Washington in ISTov. and he left me under the impression that it was due to you and the State — I had no doubt that the delegation from St. Marys were for you — I doubted Sothoron because of his associations in An- napolis, and his intimacy with a distinguished person — I believe that I first suggested Mr. Dent as the speaker — I had heard that he was in favor of your re-election and I thought that it was important that the patronage and power of the chair should not be given to the opposition and particularly to one
JAMES ALFRED PEAECE. 339
spoken of as desiring to be your successor. In such a house composed of young and new members, mucli may be done by flattering them by positions or committees — I shall write to Dent fully and freely and will endeavor to get a friend and connection of his to do likewise.
" As to the Delegates and Senators from this County I can have no doubt. They would not have been elected if they had been opposed to you. They avowed themselves for you during an active canvass and I have talked with them immediately before they went on. They are my personal friends — I know their views and do not believe that they can be moved.
" I shall often write to them and ask them to inform me what is going on. I may possibly go to Annapolis before the the election and would certainly go if I could render service to the State by it.
" I have had but little to do with politics since the State Convention — wishing for no position and prefering to attend to my own business and the education of my children — My name has sometimes been associated with political situations — but without my knowledge or consent.
" I wish I knew how I could aid your re-election. Can you inform me what delegations are for you. It seems that much may depend on the delegates from Balto — I must try to learn their views through the Clerk Mr. Stewart, who is a (nominal) Democrat but a good man and has become very fond of my boys who have been at St Johns College — But I am fatiguing you with my views, which really have but little of this days wisdom in them — But I am
Truly and sincerely your friend " {To he continued)
340 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON
Edwaed S. Delaplaine Paet JSTinth
Chapter XV Keconciliation Veesus Independence
" It is true that Mr. Jay — as well as Mr. Dickinson and Mr. Johnson — contributed to retard many vigorous measures, and particularly the vote of Independence, until he left Congress, but I have reason to think he would have concurred in that vote when it was taken, if he had been there." — John Adams, Letter to Thomas Jefferson, September 17, 1823.
" Many motions were made, and after tedious discussion, lost
•Mr. Richard Henry Lee, of Virginia, Mr. Sherman, of Connecticut, and Mr. Gadsden, of South Carolina, were always on my side, and Mr. €hase, of Maryland, when he did speak at all, was always powerful, and generally with us. Mr. Johnson, of Maryland, was the most frequent speaker from that State, and while he remained with us, was inclined to Mr. Dickinson for some time, but ere long he and all his State came cordially into our system." — Adams, Works, II, 506.
It must have been a scene of strange emotions when Barrister Carroll, Johnson, Paca, HoUyday and Plater came into Sir Robert Eden's presence with the Resolutions and the Address — one paper ordering him to leave the Province ; the other express- ing the sincerest hope that he would, upon the restoration of peace, return to America to resume his duties as Governor of Maryland. Remember ! This was less than six weeks before the Declaration of Independence ! Yet the Convention still de- plored the severance of connection between the United Colonies and the Mother Country and hoped for a happy reconciliation. " From the disposition your Excellency hath manifested to pro- mote the real interests of both countries," Governor Eden was assured, " the Convention is induced to entertain the warmest hopes and expectations, that upon your arrival in England, you will represent the temper and principles of the people of Mary-
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSOIST. 341
land, with the same candor jou have hitherto shown, and that you will exert your endeavors to promote a reconciliation upon terms that may be secure and honorable both to Great Britain and America."
JSTor were these words intended to cajole. They expressed the real and unquestioned sentiment of the Maryland Convention. Just a few days before — ^May 21, 1776 — when Tilghman, John- son, Alexander, Chase, Goldsborough, Paca, Stone and Rogers were re-elected to Congress, it was unanimously resolved — fol- lowing the report of a committee headed by Mr. Johnson — that " the said Deputies are bound and directed to govern themselves by the instructions given to them by this Convention in its ses- sion of December last, in the same manner as if the said instruc- tions were particularly repeated." The instructions of the De- cember session, we recall, emphatically warned the eight Repre- sentatives to strive for Reconciliation, not for Independence, at Philadelphia. " We further instruct you," were the solemn words of the Convention, ordained January 12, 1776, " that you do not without the previous knowledge and approbation of the convention of this province, assent to any proposition to declare these colonies independent of the crown of Great Britain, nor to any proposition for making or entering into alliance with any foreign power, nor to any union or confederation of these col- onies, which may necessarily lead to a separation from the mother country, unless in your judgments, or in the judgments of any four of you, or of a majority of the whole of you, if all shall be then attending in congress, it shall be thought absolutely neces- sary for the preservation of the liberties of the united colonies."
This being the sentiment in Maryland, we can now appreciate the attitude of Johnson in the autumn of 1775, endeavoring as he was to represent the wishes of his constituents, when he warned the Continental Congress that if any step were taken to render Reconciliation impossible, the people of Maryland would " take it into their ovsna hands and make concessions inconsistent with the rights of America." Lover of Liberty, implacable foe of Oppression, Mr. Johnson was nevertheless so deeply attached
342 MAKYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
to the Common Law and British institutions that he was striving for Eieconciliation long after the leaders in other parts of America were openly clamoring for Independence.
For some time the powerful leaders from New England had been advocating complete separation from the Mother Country. Aligned with them were such men as Lee, Jefferson and Wythe of Virginia, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Rodney and McKean of Delaware, John Rutledge and Gadsden of South Carolina and Sergeant of JSTew Jersey. Even from Maryland, bound as she was by the instructions of the Convention, the advanced party had moral, if not active, support in the person of Samuel Chase. Indeed, John Adams includes Mr. Chase amongst this group of thinkers.
l!^evertheless, the hack ward men, chief among whom were Dickinson, Johnson and Jay, still entertained hopes that the olive branch would be brought across the Atlantic and the diffi- culties settled by a Reconciliation. R. R. Livingston and Duane of ISTew York, Wilson, Willing and Morris of Pennsylvania, William Livingston of l^ew Jersey, Braxton and Harrison of Virginia, Hooper of JSTorth Carolina, and Lynch, Middletowu and Edward Rutledge of South Carolina were among the states- men of this group. " Every important step," says Adams, " was opposed and carried by bare majorities, which obliged me to be almost constantly engaged in debate. I constantly insisted that we should be driven to the necessity of declaring independence from Great Britain."
Amid popular enthusiasm, stirred by the war drum and fife, it was none too easy to oppose, at this time, American Independ- ence. But, so far, Johnson stood firm in the hope that the diffi- culties could be settled and that the friendly relations with the Crown would be resumed.
The last two weeks of May, 1YY6, were a busy period for Brigadier-General Johnson. In addition to the prominent part he played in handling the charges against Governor Eden, and in deciding the position of Maryland with reference to Inde- pendence, he was the dominant figure on the committee " to con-
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 343
sider of the further means of defence necessary for this prov- ince." His influence was also potent in deciding the situs of powder mills and salt works. And, on the day before adjourn- ment, when the Convention resolved " that a court of admiralty be erected, for the purpose of determining upon such captures and seizures of vessels as are or shall be made according to the late resolves of the continental congress upon that subject, and brought into this province," the senior Brigadier-General was made chairman of a committee of five " to devise a proper estab- lishment for such court of admiralty." The jurisdiction of this tribunal, of course, was limited to the adjudication and condem- nation of prizes ; however, the Court of Admiralty, as conceived by Johnson immediately prior to the birth of the ISTation, holds an interesting place in Maryland history.
The adjournment of the Convention, May 25, 1776, enabled Johnson to enjoy a few weeks of much-needed rest and recupera- tion. Matthew Tilghman, Thomas Stone and John Rogers were in attendance at the sessions of Congress. So Johnson felt that he could afford to remain at home for a short time to attend to his private affairs. At the same time he would have a chance quietly to observe the sentiment of the people of Maryland with reference to the all-important subject of Independence.
It was during this period — June 7, 1776 — that Richard Henry Lee offered the resolution in Congress that : " The United Colonies are, and of right ought to he, free and independent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Grown; and that all 'political connection between them and Great Britain is, and ought to he, dissolved." An exciting debate en- sued. Finally, on June 10th, action on the resolution was de- ferred until the first of July.
Delegates Tilghman, Stone and Rogers, who were then in Philadelphia, realized that the tide was rapidly mounting toward Independence and in a letter to the Council of Safety, dated June 11, recommended that the Convention be called together to consider the subject in the light of the new developments. " The proposition from the Delegates of Virginia to declare the Col- onies independent," they declared, " was yesterday after much
344 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL, MAGAZINE.
Debate postponed for three weeks then to be resumed, and a Com- mittee is appointed to draw up a Declaration to prevent Loss of time in case the Congress should agree to the Proposition at the day fixed for resuming it. This postpone was made to give an opportunity to the Delegates from those Colonies, which had not as yet given Authority to adopt this decisive measure, to consult their constituents; it will be necessary that the Convention of Maryland should meet as soon as possible to give the explicit sense of the Province on this Point. And we hope you v^ill ao- c -^rdingly exercise your Power of convening them at such Time as you think the members can be brought together. We wish to have the fair and uninfluenced sense of the People we have the Honour to represent in this most important and interesting affair and that it would be well if the Delegates to Convention were desired to endeavour to collect the opinion of the people at large in some manner or other previous to the meeting of Convention. We shall attend the Convention whenever it meets if it is thought proper we should do so. The approaching Harvest will perhaps render it very inconvenient to many Gentlemen to attend the Convention. This however must not be regarded when matters of such momentous Concern demand their deliberation." *■*■
This communication from the Marydand representatives reach- ing Annapolis on the morning of June 14, the Council on the same day replied as follows : " We have already complied with almost every thing you request*^, and we wish we had time to collect the fair and uninfluenced sense of our people on the most important point of Independence before the meeting of the Con- vention ; but as the assembling of that body is already fixed on the 20th of this month, it will be impossible to make the neces- sary enquiry before that time. We presume the first business of the Convention will be regulating the movement of the militia, ajid that if necessary in the mean time the several committees of observation may be directed fairly to collect the sense of the Province on the subject of Independence, and make report thereof to the Convention. Any mode their Representatives may think proper to point out would be better relished by the people.
" XI Maryland Archives, 478.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 345
than for us to put them into a violent ferment in a way that might not be approved of — 'tis a point of great magnitude, and we think it's best, the shortness of time considered, to leave it untouched until the meeting of the Convention on thursday next. M^ Paca no doubt is with you before now, Mess^^ Johnson and Goldsborough still with their families we hear — we wish to have you all down when the grand question is decided, we leave it however to yourselves to judge whether you can be spared from Congress, and hope whatever is done will be generally agreed to." 42
Mr. Paca had, in fact, arrived in Philadelphia by that time ; and Matthew Tilghman had left in order to attend the Conven- tion at Annapolis.
When the deputies assembled on Friday, June 21, Tilghman, Johnson, Chase and Goldsborough were among those present. Mr. Tilghman was elected to the Chair.
After the organization had been effected, a letter was read from the President of Congress, containing resolutions of the 1st, 3d and 4th of June. The communication was ordered to be referred to a, committee " to report their opinion thereon." *^ Johnson, HoUyday, Chase, Goldsborough and Plater were elected by ballot a committee for that purpose. On the 3d of June, Con- gress had recommended the raising of a Plying Camp — troops ready for rapid movement from place to place — and the Mary- land Convention on the 27th of June accepted the challenge by deciding to furnish Maryland's quota of 3,400.
After the adoption of this resolution, the deputies agreed that Brigadier-General Johnson should take command of the troops. Pollowing is the official minute of his selection :^
" The convention proceeded to the election of officers for the militia to be raised for the flying camp.
" Mr. Thomas Johnson, jr., was elected brigadier-general to command the said militia."
The time had now, at last, arrived when the Maryland states-
*^ XI Maryland Archives, 490. ^Proceedings of Conventions, 166. ** Proceedings of Conventions, 174.
346 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
men realized that if they held back thej would be practically alone in their opposition to Independence. Accordingly, on the 28th of June, 1776, the Convention completely reversed its stand in this connection. Unanimously the deputies resolved:*^ " That the instructions given by the Convention of December last (and renewed by the Convention in May) to the deputies of this Colony in Congress, be recalled, and the restrictions therein con- tained removed; that the deputies of this Colony attending in Congress, or a majority of them, or any three or more of them, be authorized and emjDowered to concur with the other United Colonies, or a majority of them in declaring the United Colonies free and independent States, in forming such further compact and confederation between them, in making foreign alliances, and in adopting such other measures as shall be adjudged neces- sary for securing the liberties of America, and this Colony will hold itself bound by the resolutions of a majority of the United Colonies in the premises : provided, the sole and exclusive right of regulating the internal government and police of this Colony be reserved to the people thereof."
As Maryland's vote in favor of Independence was now assured, Brigadier-General Johnson decided not to return to Philadelphia immediately while his duties were growing so rapidly at Annap- olis. As late as June 29, for example, he was made chairman of another committee " to examine the accounts of the supervisors of salt-petre works and report thereon."
To serve simultaneously in Convention and Congress seems not to have been a disadvantage, but to serve both in civil and military capacity at the same time was regarded by many as very objectionable. It seems that a resolution had slipped through on the 25th of June " making all militia officers ineligible to any future convention." A fight broke out on the first day of July to repeal this provision. General Johnson, although personally affected, did not hesitate to show his hand. He voted to repeal. Among others who voted with him were Charles Carroll of Car- rollton and Charles Carroll, barrister. Chase desired the reso- lution to stand. A division was called, and it was found that the
^ Proceedings of Conventions, 176.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 347
Johnson faction liad succeeded in rescinding the resolution by a vote of 34 to 24. The Chase forces were still dissatisfied. They put the question in a slightly different form by moving that if any field ofiicer of the militia should be elected a member of the next convention his commission should thereupon become void. The two Carrolls again supported General Johnson. The motion was defeated — but by the narrower margin of 30 to 28.
And still Johnson's committee assignments continued. On the 2d of July, he was selected (along with HoUyday, Chase, Goldsborough and Carroll, barrister) to consider a set of resolu- tions received from the Virginia Convention.
Meanwhile, on the 1st of July, the question of Independence appeared again in the hall of Congress, following the polished report of Thomas Jefferson of Virginia. The formal Declaration was debated with great spirit on the 3d, when it became evident that the work of the committee would be accepted. On the morn- ing of the 4th, the discussion was resumed and that afternoon at 2 o'clock the immortal Declaration of American Independence was adopted unanimously. It proclaimed that all men are cre- ated equal ; that all have a natural right to liberty and the pur- suit of happiness ; that human governments are instituted for the sole purpose of securing the welfare of the people; that the people have a natural right to alter their government whenever it becomes destructive of liberty ; that the despotism of George III and his ministers had become destructive of liberty; that time and again the Colonies had humbly petitioned for a redress of grievances; that these petitions had all been spurned with derision and contempt ; that the King's irrational tyranny over the American subjects could no longer be endured ; that war was preferable to slavery ; and that, therefore, the United Colonies of America are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States.
The crowds that thronged the streets of Philadelphia answered the signal from the belfry of the State House with shouts of exultation. Couriers bore the glad tidings throughout the land. But before the tidings had reached Annapolis, the Convention
348 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
on Saturday morning, July 6, adopted the Declaration of the Delegates of Maryland, unequivocally asserting the independ- ence of Maryland from the British Crown. In this paper *^ the members of the Convention, after referring to the unjust acts of Parliament, declared :
" A war unjustly commenced hath been prosecuted against the United Colonies with cruelty, outrageous violence, and perfidy ; slaves, savages, and foreign mercenaries have been meanly hired to rob a people of their property, liberties and lives ; . . . . their humble and dutiful petitions for peace, liberty and safety, have been rejected with scorn. . .
" Compelled by dire necessity, either to surrender our proper- ties, liberties and lives, into the hands of a British king and parliament, or to use such means as will most probably secure to us and our posterity those invaluable blessings,
" We, the delegates of Maryland, in convention assembled, do declare that the king of Great Britain has violated his compact with this people, and that they owe no allegiance to him."
" For the truth of these assertions," they said in conclusion, " we appeal to that Almighty Being who is emphatically styled the searcher of hearts, and from whose omniscience nothing is concealed. Belying on his divine protection and affiance, and trusting to the justice of our cause, we exort and conjure every virtuous citizen to join cordially in defence of our common rights, and in maintainance of the freedom of this and her sister colonies." Maryland had long been hackward, due to her supreme desire to effect an honorable reconciliation with the Mother Country ; but this paper, promulgated before the echoes of the Liberty Bell had reached Annapolis, is one of the most memorable documents in the archives of the State.
On account of the force of circumstances, Thomas Johnson did not have the opportunity of voting for the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia ; but the part he played in secur- ing the adoption of the Declaration at Annapolis show that he,
^^Proceedings of Conventions, 201.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 349
like Jay and Dickinson, to use the words of John Adams, " would have concurred in that vote when it was taken, if he had been there."
On the glorious dth of July, 1776, Thomas Johnson was de- voting his time to oflficial duties at Annapolis. That he was attending the Maryland Convention on that day is shown by a roll-call included in the proceedings of the session.*'^ The ques- tion concerned the change of per diem of 14 shillings to each member of the Convention to 10 shillings and reasonable " itin- erant charges." General Johnson voted against the change. Mr. Chase and the two CarroUs also voted in the negative. The motion was defeated.
Just before this question was put, the Convention proceeded to ballot for deputies to represent Maryland in Congress. Tilgh- man, Johnson, Paca, Chase, Stone, Charles Carroll of CarroUton and Alexander were duly elected for that purpose.
It was at this point that the Convention recommended that Mr. Johnson should serve as a member of Congress rather than as commander of the Maryland Flying Camp. This action was taken in the following resolutions : *^
" Resolved, That the honorable Matthew Tilghman, esq., and Thomas Johnson, jr., William Paca, Samuel Chase, Thomas Stone, Charles Carroll of CarroUton, and Kobert Alexander, esqrs., or a majority of them, or any three or more of them, be deputies to represent this colony in congress, in as full and ample manner as the deputies of this congress might have done under any appointment heretofore made, until the next convention shall make further order therein.
" Thereupon the convention considering the said Thomas Johnson, esq., cannot discharge the duty of brigadier of the forces to be raised in this province in consequence of the resolves of congress of the third day of June last, to which command the convention, from a confidence in his capacity and abilities to fill the same with advantage to the public cause, and honor to him-
" Proceedings of Conventions, 190. ** Proceedings of Conventions, 189.
350 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
self, bad appointed him, and also execute the trust reposed in him as a deputy in congress for this province; and being of opinion, that it is of very great importance to the welfare of this province, that it should not be deprived of the advice and assist- ance of the said Thomas Johnson in the public councils of the united colonies, and that his place can be supplied with less in- convenience in the military than in the civil department, there- fore. Resolved, That a brigadier-general be elected by ballot in the room of the said Thomas Johnson, esquire.
" The convention then proceeded to elect a brigadier-general in the room of Thomas Johnson, esqr., and John Dent, esqr., wad elected by ballot to that office."
Despite the Convention's action on July 4, selecting Mr. Dent leader of the Flying Camp, Mr. Johnson retained his commis- sion as Brigadier-General. Indeed, as we shall see. Dent was before very long ousted from the service and Johnson assumed active command of the Maryland Forces.
The session of the Convention was largely consumed on July 5 by Mr. Chase, aided by Barrister Carroll, in an attempt to stop the running of interest during the war. A number of mo- tions were offered, but each time Mr. Johnson and Mr. Carroll of Carrollton voiced opposition. All of the motions were defeated overwhelmingly.
After the Convention declared Maryland's Independence, the deputies dispersed. Mr. Carroll of Carrollton and Mr. Chase left soon after for Philadelphia and won immortal distinction by signing — together with Stone and Paca — the American Declaration.
Once more Fate snatched laurels from the brow of Johnson. Although authorized to return to Congress — and, indeed, relieved of the command of the Flying Camp for that express purpose — Johnson felt that it was his duty to remain for a while in Mary- land to assist with recruiting. He felt that his services would be more valuable at Frederick Town, in the important work of equipping the Flying Camp, than at Philadelphia.
Thus, at the time that Carroll of Carrollton and Chase were.
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 351
from Philadelphia, expressing their belief that the militia would " come in fast to compose the Flying Camp," the harvest being over, and the hope that they would " march with all possible expedition." ^^ Johnson was finding from personal experience that the job of recruiting, drilling and equipping was infinitely more difiicult than any one, unacquainted with the conditions, could appreciate. Two wrecks after the day of Independence, General Johnson, hearing that British ships had appeared in the Potomac, sent the following letter to the Council of Safety ex- plaining the situation in Western Maryland : ^
[Gen. Johnson to the Council of Safety] ;
Fred. Town
22"*^ July 1776. Gent.
In conversation with M^' Ringgold as he past through he told me that Genl Dent was collecting the Militia below to attack Lord Dunmore. I am apprehensive they will want arms, for the purpose and that a good many of the men notwithstanding their Desire to go on the serv^ice may reluctantly leave their own neighbourhoods unhappily full of negroes who might it is likely on any misfortune to our militia, become very dangerous. I have spoke with several here and it seems to be a general sentim* that we ought to assist & I believe though our Exertions are already as great as we can well make that for a short Expedition on this very interesting occasion we might soon collect a Battalion and borrow the Arms which would be wanting. If you who are acquainted with all circumstances think it necessary to have men from hence I shall most gladly execute any orders you may think proper to give for that purpose.
M^ Ringgold gave me your letter for my Brother James our furnace is not now in Blast. I went out to him as soon as I got the Letter. "We have now by us a few potts of about the size yon
"XII Maryland Archives, 130. ^ XII Maryland Archives, 92.
3
352 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
describe, a few Kettles & a few Dutch ovens of much, the same contents, the covers we could lay by and of all sorts, make up perhaps 60 or upwards. We shall have Bales made to them, and unless you have an opportunity of supplying the men with others more to your satisfaction, send them to Bait as soon as we can : the prices must depend on their sizes and the whole shall be so reasonable as to give Satisfaction. But if you can be better pro- vided please to advise me of it. My Brother is getting his fur- nace into Blast with all Diligence and hopes to effect it within a fortnight. You may then have any number of pots and Ket- tles that you please within a short time. We shall also attempt to cast such guns as are wanted but cannot contract for them in all Events because the metal may not suit, though we have every Reason to expect it will. If we succeed in making good Guns the Public may have them del*^ at Baltimore at 40 £ a Ton the Guns being proved at the works at the public Expense, the swivels at their common price, but I should be glad if you would ascer- tain the length & other Descriptions as the make of cannon car- rying the same shot vary very much. If any Body also will con- tract for a Certainty, I wish he should be preferred even at a greater price.
I am Gen* with great respect
Your very obed* Serv'
Th. Johnson, Jun^
It appears from this letter that Brig.-Gen. Johnson gave his time unstintingly to the myriad of details in the Military De- partment. That he also kept in close touch with the officers and men of the various companies is likewise indicated by a letter ho sent on the following day to the Council. A lieutenant in Cap- tain ITardman's Company of Militia had been transferred by the Committee to the " Company of Riflemen now raising in this County," and General Johnson recommended " one Mr. Morris," who had been serving under Captain Hardman temporarily, to fill the vacancy with a permanent commission. " Morris is a
THE LIFE OF THOMAS JOHNSON. 353
tine lively young fellow," Gen. Johnson wrote, " kas been very serviceable in raising the men and I think, from what I hear of him, will make a good officer." ^■'■
The Council of Safety expressed to General Johnson great satisfaction that the Militia of Frederick County were " so ready to turn out on the present occasion," but declared that their serv- ices were not immediately required. " For altho' there are many of the Enemy's ships in Potowmack," said the Council, " yet there are but few men in them ; those sickley and die fast."
In reply to Johnson's inquiries concerning supplies, the Coun- cil said : " We have already contracted for a large number of Camp Kettles of Iron and Copper, and expect to procure some of Tin. If your brother's Iron is suitable for casting Guns we could contract with you for 50 three-pounders, 50 four-pounders, and 75 Swivels to carry one-pound Ball. Captain Nicholson informs us that the length of the Swivels is not material, and three and four-pounders ought to be somewhat shorter than the common standard."
" Should we find it necessary," Johnson was assured, " we will hereafter give orders for the march of a Battalion from Frederick County."
These were the circumstances under which Mr. Johnson — notwithstanding the recommendations of the Convention — felt constrained, during the hot summer months of 1YT6, to remain in charge of military operations in Western Maryland rather than to return to Philadelphia. On account of his devotion to duty, he prevented himself from signing the Declaration of Independence. And that is one of the reasons why the ablest and most influential member of Congress from Maryland during the days of the Revolution, the beloved friend of Washington, and an idol of the people, has been deprived of a high place of distinction among the patriots of American history.
{To he continued)
" XII Maryland Archives, 108.
354 iNfARTLAJJ^D HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
UNPUBLISHED PROVINCIAL RECORDS
In the spring of 1921, Maggs Brothers, of London, advertised in one of their catalogues several manuscripts relating to the Provincial History of Maryland. These were bought and sent to Baltimore and have proved to be of considerable interest. Part of them are printed in this number and the remainder, so far as they are uiiipublished, will later appear in the pages of this Maga- zine. During the period covered by these papers, 1707 to 1709, John Seymour was Governor of the Province, which was under direct royal rule, as the Proprietary had been deprived of his juris- diction over fifteen years previouf5ly. The letters which Governor Seymour sent to his official superior in England are full and con- fidential and throw additional light upon the matters treated in volumes 25 and 27 of the Archives of Maryland. Journals of the Committee of Accounts were not usually included in the Proceed- ings of the General Assembly and very few^ of them have been preserved. They are valuable to the student of Maryland financial history, as showing the detailed expenditures of the Government.
[Endorsed G March 1706/7 'MarYland.]
Rt. Honble. S^
I have received Her Ma^^^ Royall Comand you were pleased to Signifie to me on y^ 18*^ of Feb^'y 1705/6, that I should admitt Such Shipps (which could not, by reason of their come- ing home late, arive here tymely to save y^ Convoy) to sayle as soone as laden without a Convoy ; unless one should happen in Some Shorte tyme. And have accordingly given the needful! Directions to the Severall Officers of the Customes in the respective Ports of this her Ma^^y^ Province, to cleare those Shipps as soone as they can be gott ready, & that they do not hold them under any Embargoe; unless Such Convoy should happen.
S'" I am likewise to acknowledge the Receipt of your Hono*"^ Letter of the 16*^ of May 1706 (which came not to hand untill ye 4th Qf Jij'oyember) confirming the wellcome news of the Glorious Victorye gained by her Ma*y and the Forces of Her
UNPUBLISHED PROVINCIAL RECORDS. 355
Allies, under the Comand of His Grace the Victorious Duke of Marleborrough over y^ French & Bavarians: Whereupon pursuant to her Ma*y^ Comands, Wee had a Solemne Day of Thanksgiving sett aparte, & renew'd our Rejoicings on that happy Occasion in the best manner Wee were capable: And by this means all her Ma^y^ good Subjects here were made throughly Sencible of the greate Success with which it has pleas'd Allmighty God to bless her Ma*y'^ & Her Confederates ; But having no Comerce with Jamaica or the Spanish Settle- ments am not able to acquaint them therewith; But whenever I have any Opportunity, You may be assured of my ready Obedience, Who am with all the Just Reguards in the World to your Comands R* Hon^^'® S^
Y^" truly obedient faithfuU humble Serv*
Jo: Seymour Maryland March y^ 6*^ 1706/7
[Endorsed Maryland Coll^ Seymour (Undated).] My Lord
Having long impatiently expected the Two Men of Warr our London Merchants Advised were ready at Portsm<* in Aprill last to fetch home their Shipps here and there being now no certainty when they may Arrive ; am obliged least Your Lord- shipp should impute it as A neglect of my duty to Transmitt the Laws and Journalls of the last Assembly to Coll^ Blackiston by this uncertaine conveyance in order to Attend Your Lordp with them; that your Good Lordshipp may lay 'em before her Sacred Majesty but my present indisposition utterly disables me from making remarq's on each Law and therefore hope your LordP^ goodness will put A favourable construction on that Omission. And if any sort of Party grumble at any perticular Law Your Lordshipp will Graciously suspend Your Judgment; till my reasons are heard & discussed; what occa- sions brought About such or such A Law which with all Sub- mission I shall lay before your Lordshipp ; and ever rest sattis- fied with her Gracious Majestys Determination.
356 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
My Lord. The first Men of Warr tHat toucli here shall bring the Duplicates &c being with all Imaginable Duty & respect My Lord
y Lordshipps Most obedient faithfull humble Serv*
Jo: Seymour
[Endorsed Maryland 13 Oct. 1707 Coll^ Seymour]
My Lord
Though I troubled Your Lordship the beginning of the last month, and sent the Laws and Journalls of our last Session of Assembly ; I thought it my Duty again to acquaint Your Lordp : I had so done least I might ly under any Censure of Neglect ; that my former Letter, as well as this, going by a single Stragling Ship, without Convoy; so that I can have noe very great Assurance of their kissing Yo^ Lordps. hands.
My Lord, tho there have been many Shipps have brought her Ma^y^ Lres. of Lycence to Sayle at Pleasure when laden without attending for Convoy, which I have obeyed. Severall others (of which I think it proper to acquaint Your Lordp:) have traded here without such Letters, having Assurances and Advice from their Owners, they had procured two Menn of Warr to fetch them home; But having attended Severall months, and the Winter drawing on, and no certainty of their Arrivall: I sent to Virginia to know how they disposed of the Trade there, in the like Circumstances, and being Assured the President and Councill there, had determined to Suffer them to Sayle, unless a Convoy should arive by the 15*^^ Instant, Upon the Urgent Sollicitation of the Merchants Masters and Freighters here Setting forth that their Shipps wintering in the Country would ruine their Voyages; and render them incapable of returning to fetch the next Cropp, which would be very detrimentall to her Ma^^y''^ Revenue of Customes, and that most of them belonging to the Out-Ports, intended for y® North Channell, By the Advice of her Ma^y^ Hon^'l^ Councill here, They are admitted to Sayle with the Shipp in Virginia ; unless a Convoy arives by the fifteenth Instant.
UNPUBLISHED PROVINCIAL RECORDS. 357
My Lord. Wee still contimie a Guarde on our Magazine: And tho' Wee have apprehended & convicted some of Eichard Clarks Accomplices; Yet himself e & others his Associates still keeping out ; give us not the least Uneasiness ; but Your Lordp. may be assured I shall do all in my Power to keepe this her Ma*y^ Province and her Subjects therein in as much Peace & security as may be. And tho some other Villains have com- itted unheard of Barbaritys, in robbing the Indian Monuments, I have taken proper Measures to putt a Stopp to their Resent- ments; notwithstanding our Maryland Jurors will never con- vict any of their Natives for y*' worst of Crimes.
My Lord, there will be an Absolute IsTecessity for her Ma*y^ determining the Bounds of Pensilvania & Maryland, The two Provinces being ready to cutt throats about their Lymitts; Yet hope I have at present put a Stopp to any further Breach untill her Ma*y^ pleasure be known therein, which I shall be very carefull to obey; and in every thing wherein her Ma*y^ Service is concerned or Your LordP^ Comands direct endeavour to deserve the Continuance of your LordP^ favour and pro- tection to My Lord
Yo^ Lordps most Obedient faithfull, humble Serv*
Jo: Seymour
Maryland Ocf y^ 13*^ 1707
[Endorsed Maryland 23 June 1708 Coll. Seymour.]
My Lord.
Tho I have long waited your Lordships Commands I have not yet been so happy to receive any, which I believe is occa- sioned by the Unhappy loss of the Chester and Ruby Frigatts. I some time since presumed to congratulate your Ldships Pro- motion to the High and Honorable Station of her Maj*^ Prin- cipall Secretary of State and tooke leave to acquaint your Lord- shipp how much this Province for two Years last past hath been Embarrassed by the Villainous and Trayterous Practices of Richard Clarke then by An Act of our Generall Assembly
358 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Outlawed and Attainted of High Treason; & his Accomplices since which the said Clarke having been taken and Executed; the Country is very easy and in great Tranquility.
Our London Fleet under the Conduct of Comadore Hunting- ton in the Guernsey with the three other Men of Warr are safe Arriv'd, but as Yet I have not the Honour of any direc- tions from Your Lordship And We have by the care of our Agent Co*^ Blakiston A fresh supply of Arms and Ammuni- tion so that there is now in our Magazine 200 Musquetts high Caliver bore 100 Carabines Snaphancee 100 Cutlasses with broad Deep Blades; 200 Cartouch boxes and belts^ 110 half Barrells of Powder 56 each; one half Barrell of Glaized pow- der, £500 lead one half in Bullets the other in high Swann Shott 24 Drums and 120 Halberts with Twelve Trumpetts being one for each County.
Wliat I formerly wrote Your Lordship as to a Guardship here, I thought it was my duty; this Coast for some Years past having been continually infested by the Martineco Priva- tiers and many of our Merchant Shipps to the detriment of their owners & great Diminution of her Maj*'^ Customs having been snapt even at the Capes Mouth, A Thing not heard of before since the last Dutch Warr.
The Province having formerly Addressed her Maj^y® that she would be pleased to direct the Proprietors of Maryland & Pensilvania to runn out their J^orthern boundarys for the quieting the !New Settlements there ; are now growne so trouble- some that they are every day ready to cut Throats about it; I hope her Majesty will be pleased to give speedy direction to have it done, for the Quiett and ease of those people.
Thoi I have made my Application to your Lordshipp ; the Admiralty; and the R* Honoble the Lords of Trade & Plan- tations ; I cann never get my Letters from the Men of Warr in any reasonable time after their Arrivall ; which I am Ashamed to Complaine of so often ; but hope your Lordship will Excuse me not being able to answer letters in time, which come to me so odly, Who am as willing as ready and as obedient as any
UNPUBLISHED PROVINCIAL RECORDS. 359
'Gentleman in my Rank to obey the orders of my Superiours and will ever be as Carefull of her Majestys Service and pay the Strictest Reguards due to your Lordshipp ; from My Lord Yo^ Lordships
Dntifnll obedient Humb. Serv*
Jo: Seymour Maryland June 23^ 1708
[Endorsed " Coll« Seymour's Lre 6 Sept. 1708 "]
My Lord
Since my Duty, and Your LordP^ High Station lay me under -an indispensable Necessity of troubling Your Lordship, with a continued Correspondence, I begg you will at all tymes accept it in the best Dress & Sence I mean it, and give me leave to informe your LordP that, by the Unhappy Loss of the Chester and Ruby, It was the fourteenth of June last before I had any Comands to proclayme her Ma^y Queen of Create Brittaine. Which I put in Execution as soone as received, by issuing a Proclamation to the severall Countys to that End, And at this place being the Seate of Government on the 18*^ of July having ordered Severall Troops of the Militia to review, and invited y^ best of her Ma*y^ Subjects here to the handsomest Enter- tainment the Country would admitt me to make them: Wee proclaymed Her Sacred Ma*y<^ Queen of Create Brittaine, the Act of Union being read on the Court House Hill: After which Her Ma*y®, His Royall Highness, and many other good Loyall healths were drancke ; And the Gunns on our Plattf orme as well as those of the Shipps in the Seavern River here, dis- charged to the Create Joy and Pleasure of her Ma^y^ Subjects.
My Lord I had four Severall Letters presented to me under her Ma*y^ Signett and Sign Manuall, countersignd by your Lordship comanding me to admitt and Sweare of her Councill here, four Gentlemen, to witt. Colonel John Contee, M'" Seth Biggs, M'" Samuel Young & Colonel Thomas Greenfield; — Colonel Contee and M^" Samuel Young had been Sworne Some
360 MARYLAND HISTORICAIi MAGAZINE.
little tyme before for want of a Sufficient Number of Counsel- lors, being then less than nine And on tbe sixteenth of Aug* Colonel Greenfield was Sworne, And at the same tyme with the Advice of the fullest Boarde I could procure, I was obliged to Sweare M^ Philip Lynes; whome I have heretofore menconed to your LordP for want of Counsellors, Colonel Contee, and M^ Biggs being both dead; Since her Ma*y^ Appointment: And Colonel Francis Jenkins, who is now president at y*^ Boarde being very ancient, often indisposed, and residing at So vast a Distance, to witt, the extreamest part of Somersett County on the other side of the Bay, that I can never get him on any Emergency, till the Councill is over.
I am likewise My Lord to acknowledge the Receipt of her Ma^y^ Circular Letter of the 30*^ of December 1707 requiring the Counsellors in the Plantations dilligently to attend her Ma*y^ Service, in the Severall Councills of which they are Members which I comunicated to her Ma*y^ Councill here, and caus'd it to be recorded in the Journall of their Proceedings.
Their LordP^ of Trade and Plantations having transmitted me S^ Symon Harcourt her Ma*y^ Attorny Gen^^^ Reporte con- cerning S'" Thomas Laurence her Ma*y^ Sec*y of this Province his Clayme to the Ordinary Lycenses here, with her Ma*y^ Order in Councill thereon : I have layd it before her Ma*y^ Councill here: And Wee have Resolved to recomend it to the next Gen^^ Assembly (which is to Sitt this Month) with the most pressing Arguments & motives we can use to persuade them to Comply with her Ma^y^ Royall Pleasure.
And to Satisfye their LordP^ of the Board of Trade how ex- travagantly S'' Thomas Laurence has estimated the Value of those Lycences, which He asserts to be worth six hundred pounds Sterling from October 1703 to Octob: 1707 according to their said Lordships Directions have caused an exact Account to be taken thereof as enclosed, and upon the truest State find they do not much exceed one third of S^ Thomas's Computation.
My Lord, I have by this Conveyance on boarde her Ma^^^ Ship the Guernsey Comodore Huntington transmitted Your
UNPUBLISHED PKOVINCIAL KECORDS. 361
Lordship tlie Severall Journalls of the Councill & Assembly & being Duplicates of what I sent by Cap* Thomas Carpenter in the Sussex; & wish they may find her Ma^^^ Royall Approba- tion and your Lordships kind Censure. Observing the Roman Catholiques in this Province were very attentive to the late design' d Invasion by the pretended Prince of Wales with y^ Advice of y^ Councill I thought it might not be amiss to inquire the l^umber of them in the Severall Countys that I might compute their Ability in Case any Misfortune should befall us ; (which God forbid) And have inclosed the said List for your LordP^ Consideration, for I am satisfied those people have an illegall Correspondence Somewhere, they having re- ported the raising of the siege of Thoulon some months & the Invasion by the Pretender, Severall Weeks before Wee could have any Intimation thereof.
My Lord It might still continue prejudiciall to her Ma^y^ Service Should I omitt to acquaint Your LordP how ill the Trade here has been treated in respect to the Incertainty of y® sayling of the present Convoy, of which I had not the least Intimation from Comodore Huntington untill the latter End of August and then was forced to dispatch a Boate and hands to Virginia to obteyne that Satisfaction; And altho Captain Gore in her Ma^^^ Ship the BristoU has layne in Puttuxent some months within fifty miles of this Place, I have neither seen nor heard from him.
Being obliged by my Instructions to present to her Ma^J"® fitt persons to make up the N'umber of her Councill here: I humbly presume to recomend to your LordP for her Ma^^^ Approbation & appointment M'" Philip Lynes Colonel Thomas Addison, M^" John Hall & Colonel William Whittington Genti^ of good Reputation Integrity and Ability, there being at pres- ent but Eight persons resident here by her Ma*^® appointed of her Councill, and begg leave to subscribe myselfe as I truly am with all dutifull Reguarde My Lord
Yo^ Lordships most obedient humble Serv*
Jo: Seymour
Maryland Sep* 6*^ 1708
362
MABYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
P. S.
My Lord I humbly begg your LordP will be pleased to pre- sent our DutifuU Address to her Sacred Ma^^^:
[Enclosure]
A List of the IS^umber of Papists Inhabiting within the severall Countys of this Province as taken by the respective Sheriffs Annoq Dni 1708 Viz* *
In
Ann Arundell County Baltemore County Calvert County Prince Georges County Charles County - St Maiy's County Cecill County Kent County Queen Anns County Talbott County - Dorchester County Somersett County
Total is
161 53
48
248
709
1238
49
40
179
89
79
81
2974
[Endorsed Mr. Seymour's letter from Maryland, March 10*^ 1708/9, with 2 lists of Negroes Imported into that Pro- vince, f]
May it please Your Lordship.
By this Opportunity of the Ship Catherine; of London, a ship of good Countenance, I have herewith transmitted to your Lordship the Laws and Journalls of our last Assembly, by which Your Lordship may be satisfied I have not faild in my Duty of laying her Ma^^^ Royall Comands before the Gen^^ Assembly, and endeavouring to enforce them with all the Dili- gence & Industry I was capable of; Yet they have once more
* Printed in Archives, v, 25j 258. t Cf. Archives, xxv, 267.
UNPUBLISHED PROVINCIAL, KECOEDS. 363
refus'd to do any thing therein, further than to address Her Ma*y% in answer to S^ Thomas Laurences Complaint, & the Gauge of Tobacco hh.^^.
I had some small hopes from their Address to Me at the opening of the Sessions that they would have had a greater Eeguarde for my Advise to 'em; but some turbulent Spiritts were not wanting to create heats and Jealousyes among the Members of the Lower House, so that it was with greate Diffi- culty they agreed to revive the Act for Ordering and Regu- lating y® Militia of this Province, for the better Defence & Security thereof, untill the End of the next Session of Assem- bly, as they have done the Act for LjTuitation of Officers fees, with the like Reluctancye, and Lymitation of tyme, willing to render the Government as meane as may be, and discourage the Officers to Support it ; And this partly to satisfie their owne Envious Tempers, disatisfied because they have not what others better deserve, and partly being instigated by a restless and pernicious Crew, Who tho they enjoy her Ma*y*^^ Gracious pro- tection, and the Comon Ease and Benefitts with her other Subjects, are the declared Enemy's of our Church & State, and the busiest at the Severall Elections in y^ Countys where they reside, to gett such ignorant and obstinate people return'd, who will pursue their destructive notions, & countenance their illegall Proceedings.
There are three things in this Province, which make the Governm* very uneasye. — The Lord Proprietor and his Agents, and a great many of his and their Relations being Roman Catholiques, and constantly providing and maynteyning sev- erall busie Jesuites. The Act of Assembly for the Advancem* of the ISTatives and Residents of this Province And the Am- bition & large jurisdiction of the County Court Justices. The first by his Lordships favour in Lands not only makes a con- siderable Interest with many of the Inhabitants and Delegates, but also gaines many Proselites, their Priests being encour- aged and Supported on all Occasions, so that One of them had the Confidence to tamper with one of my Domestiques: And when they are checqu'd for these Abuses, the Avhole party is in
364 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
a flame, and ready to raise a considerable Contribution for their Defence and Protection; And, with the extreamest Spite and Malice, exclayme against the Severity as they terme it of her Ma^y^ Instructions, (which indeede would be none would they conteyne themselves in any reasonable Bounds) and often are heard to say this Province was favourably cre- ated by King Charles the first as an Assylum for them, which it would not be unlike, could they be contented^ and not con- tinually give Occasion of Scandall and Offence to the Govern- ment, by the illegall practices of their Priests, & the vain glori- ous lyes they dayly invent and disperse to lessen the Glory of her Ma*y^ and her Confederates happy successes.
The second which I have heretofore represented to Your Lordship, rendring this Province unhappier than any of the rest of her Ma^y^ Plantations, by imposing so greate an hard- ship on her free Subjects of Greate Brittain, and other her Dominions; that they shall not be capable of having or enjoy- ing any Office, or Place of Trust here, untill they have been actually resident full three years: This discourages all ingeni- ous men from seeking their fortunes in Maryland, And in the space of fourteen Years, there are scarce fourteen men have undergone that tedious Difficulty ; so that the Natives who are ignorant and raw in business, and naturally prowde, and Ob- stinate, are not only the Representatives in the Generall Assem- bly, but the Justices of the County Courts, And by the name of Country borne, distinguish themselves from the rest of her Ma*y^ Subjects, and run into greate heats and Divisions ; which may be of ill Consequence ; for as they know little of the Laws and good Manners they practice less.
Thirdly many of the County Court Justices for some years last past being returned as Delegates to the Gen^^ Assembly On all Occasions have sought to corroborate and establish their jurisdiction, by severall Acts of Assembly made of late years, that now they allmost believe themselves independent of the Queen's Governo^, and were I to change them for others, there is so little Choice, the Pemedye, might be worse than the Disease.
UNPUBLISHED PROVINCIAL EECORDS. 365
These Justices especially if they are dealers, which every body here are that have any thing before hand, not only coun- tenance their Customers; but too often favour one the other, ^nd would have all things under their jurisdiction & Admin- istration, tho they are never so meanly qualified for the Trust ; And therefore tho with their tongues, when Seperate, they ap- plaude y^ new Institution of y^ Itinerant Justices; Yet when any of them are in the House of Delegates they leave no stone unturn'd to render it precarious and abortive, by referring the Settlement of a competent Sallary to enable the four Provinciall Justices to do their Duty, and by severall other crafty Evasions, looking upon their Honour, and Grandeur, to be highly eclips'd & impair'd by the Provinciall Justices comeing to hold the Assizes, & before a full Appearance in the County's giving handsome and regular Charges to the Grand Jurys of Inquest, thereby acquainting the people with their Duty to God, their Sovereign, and Country, which these Justices of the County Courts never do, were any of them capable thereof; so that the Country borne, as they stile themselves^ neither knew their Duty to the Queens Ma*^^, nor the Respect they owe the Civill Magistrate; Wherefore Seing their Ignorance & Ambition will not Suffer them to do what in all honesty and good Conscience they ought, for the Service of their Country, I know not how these Justices, who are the only Asserters of her Ma*y^ Royall Prerogative, can be supported, unless Her Ma*y^ is pleas' d to direct the Councill and myselfe should pay them One hundred and twenty pounds Sterl ^ Annm. a piece out of the Imposts rais'd for defraying the necessary Charges of the Province, and not otherwise particularly applyd; Which will very well answer that, and the other necessary contingency es, the Justices of the Provinciall Court, as it stood before this Regulation, having been as great a Charge to the Province without any Encouragement to them. The severall Laws for the Imposts are now revived for three Tears & better, so that there will be a certain supporte for three Tears at least, for those Justices; "but without her Ma*y^ express Direction I shall not presume to make them any Allowance for their Service.
366 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
My Lord, According to my Instructions, I have made some Remarques on the severall Laws enacted this Session, which are inclos'd, And most heartily begg pardon for anything may have slipt my Notice, having been so very ill that I Could not sitt in Councill above three or four days during the whole Ses- sion and have not been able to go out of my House ever since. My Lord, I should be glad to have her Ma^y'' Comands about running the Northern lyne of this Province, or to heare My Lord Baltilmore and M'' Perm had adjusted that Difference between themselves, that her Ma*y^ Subjects here might be in some certainty in their possessions the Borderers in both Pro- vinces, being hardly restrayn'd from comitting Violence on each other, Which I shall be sorry to see, and in the meane tyme take the best Care I can to prevent it.
Having in my last to the Lords of Trade sent them a generall Acco* of all Negro Slaves imported into this Province Since the Yeare 1698, though the Royall Affrican Company have not imported any; Yet taking my Instructions in that point to be generall cannot but thinke it my Duty to send a Dupli- cate thereof to Your Lordship, which is here inclosed.
My Lord as I avin very proude of corresponding with Your Lordship, I shall allways thinke myselfe happy to receive and obey your Comands^ and am with a very dutifull Reguarde
My Lord
Y'' Lordships most Dutifull humble Serv* Jo : Seymour
Maryland March 10*^ 1708/9
The Journall of the Committe of Accounts in November Assembly 1708
Th Bordley CI Com Maryland ss By order of the honourable the house of Delegates Friday Dec^ 3^
1708 A Committee appointed to inspect into and state the Publick Accounts of this province
UNPUBLISHED PROVINCIAL RECORDS. 367
The gentlemen appointed for the same are
The Honble
M^ James Philips Mr Joseph Hill M^ John Bradford Mr Eobert Ungle
Who make Choice of M^ James Philips to be their Chaire- man and of Thomas Bordley to be their Clerk &
Order That notes be put up at the Publick places within the City of Annapolis to give notice to all persons that have any claimes from the publick That this Committee sitts at the house of Mrs Jane Burnell from Eleven in the forenoon till four in the After where all Just publick claimes that come in before tuesday night next will be allow' d w^^ being accordingly done
The Committee proceeds To allow as foU^
Viz* To Kent County for a Boat 720
To Queen Anns County for D^ 720
To Talbott County for D^ 720
To Somersett County for D^ 720
2880 To the Severall members following for their Attendance and Itinerent Charges Viz*
St. Maries To M^ Henry Peregrine Jowles for 9 days Attend% and Six days Itiner- ant Charges 1740 To Mr Thomas Truman Greenfield
for DO 1740
To Mr Joshua Guybert for dit^ 1740
To Mr John Coode for 4 dit^ & 6 dit^ 1040
Kent To Mr Thomas Covington for 9 d«
& dito 1740
To Mr Daniel Pearce for D^ 1740
368
MARYLAND HISTOEICAL, MAGAZINE.
Ann arund^^ To Col. Charles Greenberry for 17
days attendance 2380
To M^ Eichard Jones for Do 2380
To Mr Joseph Hill for D^ 2380
To Mr Daniel Marriartee for Do 2380
Calvert To Coll. Walter Smith for 17 do and
four Days Itinerent Charges 2700
To Mr Eobert Skinner for Do 2700 To Mr John Macall for Do To Mr :Nathaniel Dare for 11 days dito
& Do I860
Somersett To Majr George Gall for 9 ^o and tend* 2060
To Mr John West for Do 2060
To Mr Samuell Worthington for Do 2060
Talbott To Majr J^icho^ Lowe for 9 Do & 6 Do 1740
To Mr Thomas Eobbens for Do 1740
To Mr Eobert Ungle for Do 1740
40620
Charles To Colo James Smallwood for 9 Do &
4 Do 1580
To Mr William Wilkinson for Do 1580
To Mr Thomas Crabb for Do 1580
To Mr Walter Storey for Dito 1580
Baltemore To Coll. James Maxwell for 7 dito & Do 1300
To Mr James Philips for 9 dito & Do 1580
To Mr Eichard Colegate for 5 Do 1020
To Mr Aqnila Paca for Dito 1580
Pr. Georges To Mr Eobert Bradley for 17 Do 2700
To Mr Eobert Tyler for Dito 2700
To Mr John Bradford for dito 2700
To Mr Philip Lee for 13 dito & Do 2140
Queen Annes To Mr John Salter for 9 Do & Six Dito 1740
NOTES FEOM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 369
To Mr Philemon Hemslej for D^ 1740
To Mr Solomon Wright for dito 1740
To M^^ John Whittington for D^ 1740
To Wornell Hunt Esq'" for 5 days
Attend^ this Sessions at 70 f Day 350
29350
The Committee Adjourns
Till Tomorrow morning Eleven a Clock,
NOTES FROM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND
{Continued from page 298)
The following notes are from the set of " Inventory and Account " books in the Land Office at Annapolis and date from 1674. They will serve for the most part to assist in tracing that elusive personality, the Maryland widow, although other matters are occasionally noted. As to Commissioned officers; the notes are merely to show that they held commissions at the dates given but are not intended as giving the date on which they received commissions.
Jane Bald\vin Cotton.
1681 Liber Page Alexander, Thomas, his widow and extx., Hannah,
married Richard Holland and extx. VIII 5R
Robinson, John, Mary, his widow and extx., mar- ried Joseph Williams. VIII 3 Williams, Joseph, Mary, his wife, widow and extx. of
John Robinson VIII 2
1682 Liber Page Bennett, Hannah, servant to James Stasely, Cecil
Co. VIII 289
Bartlett, Elizabeth, servant to James Stasely, Cecil
Co. VIII 289
370 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Cammell, Jolin,liis wife, Elizabeth, widow and admx.
of William Savin, all of Cecil Co. VIII 282
Cooke, Ealph, sent to Major Samuel Lane, A. A. Co. VIII 283
Duram, Riciiard, his widow, Alice, was widow and
extx. of ]^icholas Furnace VIII 267
Evans, Margaret, widow and extx. of Samuel Lane VIII 267
Furnace, liicholas, his widow and extx., Alice mar- ried Kichard Duram VIII 267
Gough, William, his widow and admx., Hester, mar- ried T^icholas Kicholson, VIII 268
George, William, servant of Major Samuel Lane,
A. A. Co. VIII 283
Holland, Richard, Hannah, his wife, was widow and
extx. of Thomas Alexander. VIII 4
Hawkins, Henry, and Elizabeth, his wife, was widow
and extx. of Francis Wyne, Charles Co. VIII 56
James, Thomas, married Sarah, widow and admx.
of Gyles Stevens, Baltimore Co. VIII 3
Jones, Edward, Cecil Co., married widow and admx.
of William Brockhurst, Cecil Co. VIII 271
Lane, Samuel, Margaret Evans, widow and extx. VIII 267
Ridgely, Robert. In account of inventory signed by Martha Ridgely " in the kitchen 230 lbs. of pewter, one brass lamp (first found) 1 fish plate, 1 cheese tester, tosting fork, 1 tailor's goose, in milk house rolling pins, sillibabpots and custard dishes, no knives save 3 shredding ones, only flesh fork, chaffing dishes and pastry pans. He had 15 silver spoons and a watch in his chamber St. M's (Gent). VIII 295
Savin, William, his widow and admx., Elizabeth,
married John Cammell. VIII 282
Stevens, Gyles, Baltimore Co., his widow and admx.,
married Thomas James. VIII 3
Walker, Thomas (Capt.), Somerset Co., his widow
and extx., Jane, married Edward Day. VIII 417
NOTES FKOM THE EARLY EECOEDS OF MAEYLAND. 3Yl
account shows Thomas and Susannah Walker, two of the children. VIII 418, 419
Sillj, Matthew, West Eiver, A. A. Co. VIII 25
1683 Liber Page Owin, Eichard, legacy from Henry Howard, A. A.
Co. VIII 140
Quigley, Charles (Mr.), who was servant to James
Bodkin, deceased. VIII 120
Rowland, Lawrence, his wife, Grace, was widow of
James Williams. VIII 55T
Williams, James, his widow, Grace, married Law- rence Rowland. VIII 55
Wyne, Francis, his widow and extx., Elizabeth, mar- ried Henry Hawkins. VIII 57, 269
1684 Liber Page Bennett, John, a legacy in the will of Henry Howard,
A. A. Co., of a ring. VIII 140
Baxter, Thomas, Kent Co., his widow, Hannah,
married Thomas Furbey, also of Kent Co. VIII 245
Calvert, Jane (Madam), and Madam Elizabeth, notes due by them to estate of Bryan Dely, St. M's. Co. VIII 210
Croshow, William, Baltimore Co., admrs. William
and Elizabeth Harris. VIII 214
Chandler, Rich, and Elizabeth, his wife, admx. of
John Hamilton, Charles Co. VIII 221
Carvill, Thomas, by bill due him from deceased. Darby Donnavan, as by bill taken in appear- ances. VIII 249
Cooke, Thomas, Baltimore Co., by his will there
were bequests to Ann, his infant daughter. VIII 235
Combe, ■ Abraham, his wife, Margaret, was widow
and admx. of Edward Fishwick, St. M's. Co. VIII 248
Day, Edward, his wife, Jane, was widow and extx.
of Capt. Thomas Walker, Somerset Co. VIII 417
372 MARYLAND HISTOKICAX, MAGAZINE.
Furbey, Thomas, his wife, Hannah, was widow of
Thomas Baxter, all of Kent Co. VIII 245
Fishwick, Edward, St. M's. Co., widow and admx.
Margaret, married Abraham Combes. VIII 288
Hawkins, William, mentioned as having account
against estate of Henry Howard, A. A. Co. VIII 140
Harris, William, Baltimore Co., admrs. of William
Croshow, also of Baltimore Co. VIII 214
Hamilton, John, admrs. Rich. Chandler and Eliza- beth, his wife, of Charles Co., Robert Ham- ilton mentioned in account, relationship to John not shown. VIII 221
Jones, Edward, a small legatee in the will of Henry
Howard, A. A. Co. VIII 140
Linsey, Thomas, and Katherine, his wife, admrs. of
Robert Morrice, late of Cecil Co. VIII 214
Luffman, William, his widow, Mary, married Wil- liam Treveale. VIII 460
Merikin, Hugh, by will of Henry Howard, A. A.
Co., is given a small legacy. VIII 140
Morrice, Robert, late of Cecil Co., admrs. Thomas
and Kathrine Linsey. VIII 214
Nicholson, Nicholas, his wife, Hester, was widow
and admx. of William Gough. VIII 268
Pamassee, (Parneser), Robert, see William and
Elizabeth Plot. VIII 237
Parker, William, and Francis Freeman appear as
appraisers of a Calvert Co. estate. VIII 129
Smith, Edward, is given a small legacy by the will of
Henry Howard, A. A. Co. VIII 140
Stanseby, Mary, widow and admr, of Dr. John
Stanseby, Baltimore Co. VIII 235
Thompson, Robert, admr. of his cousin, William
Wright, Charles Co. VIII 448
Treveale, William, married Mary, widow of William
Luffman, A. A. Co. "^ VIII 460
NOTES FEOM THE EARLY EECOKDS OF MARYLAND. 373
Wright, William, Charles Co., his aduir. was his
cousin, Robert Thompson. VIII 448
1685 Liber Page Done, Patrick, admrs. Robert and Marjory Mynes,
Calvert Co. VIII 487
Jones, Robert, Calvert Co., had two silver forks in
his inventory (first found). VIII 345
Leidgett, Thomas, his widow and admx., Julian,
married John Powell, Calvert Co. VIII 473
Magrouder, Samuel. * VIII 470
Mynes, Robert, and Marjory, his wife, admx. of
Patrick Done, Calvert Co. VIII 487
Powell, John, his wife, Julian, was widow and admx.
of Thomas Leidgett, Calvert Co. VIII 473
1686 Liber Page
Anderson, Peter, Talbot Co., and Ellinor, his wife, admrs. of John Morris.
Aspenall, Henry (Capt.), his widow and admx. Elizabeth, married Edward Rockwood.
Blaney, Lewis, his widow and extx., married Allen Smith.
Bigger, James, and Margrett, his wife, extrs. of James JSTuthall.
Binley, Stephen, A. A. Co., admrs. William Stanton and Blanche, his wife.
Baker, Thomas, Charles Co., his widow married John Harrison.
Berry, James, his wife, was widow and admx. of
John Wynne, late of St. M's. Co. IX 132, 140
Bucknall, Thomas, his widow and extx., Mary, mar- ried Eager. X 70
Banks, Anne, extx. of Thomas Banks. IX 294
Buttram, Jane, widow of Nicholas Buttram, mar- ried Jeremiah Sheridine. IX 358
Brent, He\vn, and Ann, his wife, widow and extx. of
Baker Brooke. IX 390
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56 |
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91 |
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98 |
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374 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Busey, Susannaii, admx. of Paul Busey, Calvert Co. IX 401 Brown, Nicholas, and Ann, his wife, Baltimore Co.,
admrs. of Dennis Inglish. IX 427
Chumblj, Francis, his wife, Barbara, widow and
extx. of Charles Culles, Charles Co. IX 6
Biscoe, James, and Sarah, his wife, admrs. of Charles
Priest, late of St. M's. Co. IX 45
Carmeday, William, his widow and admx., Ann,
married William Watts. IX 46
Chapman, Richard, his widow and admx., Barbara,
married John Gorly. IX 54, 55
Cornell, Joseph, his wife, Margaret, widow and
admx. of Robert Worrall, Charles Co. IX 76
Cranford, Xathaniel, and Martha, his wife, admrs.
of John Gill. IX 89
Crooke, John, and Sarah, his wife, extrs. of George
Powell. IX 137
Cole, William, St. M.'s Co., his widow, Margaret,
married Richard Vowles. IX 43
Croft, Robert, his widow, Anne, married John Skel-
ton, St. M.'s Co. IX 145
Cleverly, Thomas, and Ann, Calvert Co. IX 150
Cosden, Thomas, Calvert Co., in account appears
Margaret Cosden, daughter of deceased;
William Cosden, son of deceased; Thomas
Cosden, son of deceased; Alphonso Cosden,
son of deceased; Elizabeth Cosden, daughter
of deceased. IX 368 380
Cockerell, Ann, widow and admr. of John Cockerell. IX 429 Crayker, Samuel, his wife, Mary, was widow and
extx. of George Sealey, Dorchester Co. IX 430
Davis, Robert, married Elizabeth, admx. of Hugh
Baker, St. M.'s Co. IX 7
Dixon, Thomas, married Sarah, admx. of John
Gwinn, Charles Co. IX 19
Darnal], John, Calvert Co., whose widow, Rebecca,
married James Emson. IX 27
NOTES FROM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 3Y5
Dawkins, Margaret, extx. of Josepli Dawkins, Cal- vert Co. IX 146 Dorrell, iTicholas, his wife, Christian, was widow of
Andrew Peterson, Cecil Co. IX 409
Daniel, Thomas, Dorchester Co., his widow and extx.
married Angius Morrah. IX 428
Emson, James, his wife, Rebecca, widow of John
Darnall, Calvert Co. IX 2T
Evans, Benjamin, and Marj, his wife, extrs. of John
Bowlins (?). IX 32
Eustis, James, his widow and extx., Elizabeth, mar- ried John Hawkins, Talbot Co. IX 122 Eager, Mary, extx. of Thomas Bucknall. IX 140 Ellis, James, his wife, Mary, widow and extx. of
John Welsh, A. A. Co. IX 210
Fuller, Edward, and Sarah, his wife, admrs. of
Thomas Tucker, A. A. Co. IX 141
Fanning, John, his widow, Jane (Jean), married
Thomas Whicherly. IX 134
Gorly, John, his wife, Barbara, was widow of
Charles Chapman, Charles Co. IX 54
Gill, John, Xathaniel and Martha Cranford, admrs. IX 89 Gilterope, James, his widow, Lucy, married Jere- miah Johnson. IX 136 Gray, John, A. A. Co., his widow married Patrick
Murphy. IX 138
Greene, Henry, Talbot Co., his widow married Albert
Johnson. IX 436
Hargist, Ann, extx. of William Hargist. IX 317
Husband, William, and Mary, his wife, admrs. of
William Bowin. IX 27
Hawkins, John, his wife, Elizabeth, was widow of
James Eustis. IX 122
Harrison, John, his wife was widow of Thomas
Baker, Charles Co. IX 131
Hitchcock, William, his widow, Mary, married
William Jones. IX 136
376 MAEYLAISTD HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Horriss, Thomas, and Marj, his wife, Charles Co. IX 192 Hoskins, Lawrence, admx. Mrs. Rebecca Tyer. IX 353
Hance, Mary, widow of Christopher Kelioa, deceased
intestate. IX 364
Hinton, Thomas, his widow, Alice, married Joseph
Spernon. IX 430
Inglish, Dennis, his admrs. were Nicholas Brown
and Ann, his wife, Baltimore Co. IX 427
Jones, Philip, and Susan, his wife, admrs. of John
Clarke, late of Calvert Co. IX 46
Joce, Thomas, and Ann, his wife, admrs. Samuel
Tovej, Kent Co. IX 15
Joy, Martha, widow of Peter Joy. IX 134
Johnson, Jeremiah, his wife, Lucy, was widow of
James Gilterope. IX 135
Jones, William, his wife, Mary, was widow of
William Hitchcock. IX 136
Jones, Moses, and Katharine, his wife, extrs. of
James Wheeler, Charles Co. IX 188 X 364
Johnson, Leonard (Capt.), mentioned in account of
William Williams, Baltimore Co. IX 223
James, Richard, his widow and extx., Ellinor, mar- ried John Turner, all of A. A. Co. IX 362 Johnson, Albert, Talbot Co., his widow and extx.,
was widow of Henry Green. IX 436
Kent, William, Calvert Co., in account is legacy paid
to Robert Jarvis for use of his child, Mary
Jarvis. IX 172 Kellett, Mary, widow of Christopher Kellett, mar- ried Hance. IX 364
Lewis, Henry, and Abigail, his wife, joint extrs. of
Robert Thomas, late of St. M.'s Co. IX 31
Larkin, John, innholder. IX 211
Lewis, James, and Katherine, his wife, extrs. of
Edmund Townhill, A. A. Co. TX 327
Morris, John, his admrs. were Peter and Ellinor
Anderson, Talbot Co. TX 49
♦ NOTES FROM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 377
Murphy, Patrick, his wife, Mary, was widow of
John Gray, A. A. Co. IX 138
Morrah, Angius, his wife, was widow and extx. of
Thomas Daniel, Dorchester Co. IX 428
Xewman, George, Charles Co., account of same by
his admr., George Newman, shows a payment
to John Morough, in right of his wife, being
a part of her share of said ISTewman estate. IX 52 I^uthall, James, whose extrs. were James and Mar-
grett Bigger. IX 98
l^ewman, Richard, and Anastasia, his wife, admrs.
of Michael Thompson, St. M.'s Co. IX 148
Priest, Charles, St. M.'s Co., admrs. James and
Sarah Biscoe. IX 45
Pegrane, James, admrs. Walter Welnerstone and
Margaret, his wife. IX 55
Pearle, William, his wife was widow and extx. of
Thomas Warren, Kent Co. IX 81
Powell, George, Calvert Co., whose extrs. were John
and Sarah Crooke. IX 157
Peterson, Andrew, whose widow. Christian, married
Mcholas Dorrell. IX 409
Eandall, Benjamin, whose admrs. were Joseph and
Anna Wicks. IX 5
Rookwood, Edward, Elizabeth, his wife, was the
widow of Capt. Henry Aspinwall. IX 56
Randall, Johanna, widow of Christopher Randall. IX 142
Rousby, John, Calvert Co., whose widow was
Barbara. IX 279
Spicer, Ellinor, widow and admx. of Thomas Win- don, Calvert Co. IX 40 Smith, Allen, whose wife was widow and extx. of
Lewis Blaney, Kent Co. IX 91
Stanton, William, and Blanche, his wife, adms. of
Stephen Binley, A. A. Co. IX 124
Skelton, John, whose wife, Ann, was widow of
Robert Croft. IX 145
378 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Scott, John, whose wife, Christian, was widow of
Thomas Stearling. IX 222
Stearling, Thomas, his widow, Christian, married
John Scott. IX 222
Sheridine, Jeremiah, his wife, Jane, was widow of
'Mcholas Butram, Calvert Co. IX 358
Spernon, Joseph, his wife, Alice, was widow of
Thomas Hinton. IX 430
Sealey, George, whose widow, Mary, married Samuel
Crayker. IX 430
Tovy, Samuel, adms. Thomas and Anne Joce. IX 15
Thomas, Robert, late of St. M.'s Co., Henry Lewis
and Abigail, his wife, joint extrs. IX 31
Tucker, Thomas, A. A. Co., Edward and Sarah
Fuller, adms. IX 141
Thompson, Michael, St. M.'s Co., Richard and
Anastatia l^ewman, adms. IX 148
Tyer, Rebecca, widow and extx. of James Tyer,
married Robert Yates. IX 300, 474
Taylor, Priscilla, alias Manning, admx. of John
Taylor, Dorchester Co. IX 314
Townhill, Edmund, extrs. James and Katherine
Lewis. IX 327
Tyer, Rebecca (Mrs.), admr. Lawrence Hoskins. IX 353
Turner, John, A. A. Co., his wife, EUinor, widow
and extx. of Richard Jones, A. A. Co. IX 362, 474
Vowles, Richard, his wife, Margaret, was widow of
William Cole, St. M.'s Co. IX 143
Veyney, Thomasin, widow of Henry Yeyney, Cal-
' vert Co. IX 402
Wicks, Joseph, and Anna, his wife, admrs. of Ben- jamin Randall. IX 5 Watts, William, his wife, Ann, was widow and
admrx. of William Carmeday. IX 46
Welnerstone, Walter, and Margrett, his wife, admrs.
of James Peffrane. IX 55
NOTES FEOM THE EARLY EECOEDS OF MARYLAND. 379
Worrall, Eobert, Charles Co., Joseph and Margrett
Cornell, admrs. IX 76
Warren, Thomas, his widow, Elizabeth, married
William Pearle. IX 81
Wynne, John, his widow and admx., Ann, married
James Berry. IX 132
Whickerly, Thomas, his wife, Jean, was widow of
John Fanning. IX 134, 448
Wamsley, Martha, admx. of Thomas Wamsley, Cecil
Co. IX 173
Wheeler, James, extrs. Moses and Katherine Jones. IX 188 Welsh, John, A. A. Co., extrs. James and Mary
Ellis. IX 210
1687 Liber Page
Ashcom, Samuel, Calvert Co. His inventory includes
a sun dial and a pair of brick moulds. IX 487
Banks, Thomas, his widow and extx., Ann Dennis. IX 475 Baker, Thomas, Charles Co., extrs. John and Mary
Harrison. IX 463
Banks, Thomas, account shows "paid to Major iN'ich Sewall, guardian of Charles Beckwith and Michael Taney, husband of Margaret Beck- with, children of George Beckwith, deceased." IX 476 Chandler, Mary (Madame). IX 461
Dennis, Ann, widow and extx. of Thomas Banks.
Calvert Co. IX 475
Gamball, William, whose adms. were Richard and
Mary Pollard. IX 473
Harrison, John, and Mary, his wife, extrs. of
Thomas Baker, Charles Co. IX 463
Holland, Francis, and Sarah, his wife, A. A. Co. IX 479
Jackson, Margaret, extx. of Thomas Jackson, St.
M.'s Co. IX 465
Pollard, Richard, and Mary, his wife, admrs. of
William Gamball, Charles Co. IX 473
380 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Potts, Robert, Cliarles Co., his widow, Jane, married
Thomas Lindsey. X 160
Yates, Robert, his wife, Rebecca, was widow and
extx. of James Tjer, Charles Co. IX 474
1688 Liber Page
Baker, Elizabeth, admx. of John and Frances Cat-
terton. X 183
Bigger, James, his wife, Margaret, extx. of James
I^uthall. X 184
Bonnam, William, his widow and admx., Anne, mar- ried Thomas Smith. X 312 Bourman, Robert, his wife, Anna, widow and extx.
of Henry Staples, Talbot Co. X 340 IX 515
Bennison, Richard, A. A. Co., his widow, Susan,
married John Smart. Bayne, John, and Anne, his wife, extrs. of Thomas
Gerrard, St. M.'s Co. Catterton, Frances, and John, whose extrs. were
John and Elizabeth Baker. Constable, Henry, his wife, Kathrin, was extx. of
James Rigbie. Collier, John, Baltimore Co., his widow and admx.,
Sarah, married John Hall. Drew, Anto, married daughter, not named, of George
Utie, Baltimore Co. Dunken, Jane, widow of Patrick Dunken, A. A. Co.,
married Ferguson.
Evans, John, his widow and extx., Mary, married
Alex. Thomas. Evans, Sarah, extx. of Thomas Evans. Ferguson, Jane, widow of Patrick Dunken, A. A.
Co. Fairbrotbpi-, Johi^, his wife, Jane, widow of William
Mitchell, A. A. Co. Fookes, Herman, his wife, Elizabeth, admx. Samuel
Hatton, Talbot Co.
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159 |
|
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179 |
|
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183 |
|
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245 |
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168 |
|
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170 |
|
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51 |
|
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176 |
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NOTES FROM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 381
Furnace, William, Somerset Co., his widow, Honora, married John Strawbridge; the account says five children, no names given. X 174
Gerrard, Thomas, St. M.'s Co., his extrs. were John
and Anne Bayne. X 177
Hatton, Samuel, Talbot Co., whose admrs. were
Herman and Elizabeth Fookes. X 184
Hopkins, Joseph (Capt.), his widow and extx.,
Sarah, married Kennard. IX 508
In account are following: ^'Money paid his daughter, Judith (now Skidmore) ; money paid his daughter, Anne (now Warner)." IX 509
Hayman, Elene, admx. of Henry Hayman, Somerset
Co. X 60
Higgins, Mary, wife of Michael Higgins, Calvert
Co. X 165
Hall, John, his wife, Sarah, widow and admx. of John Collier, Baltimore Co.
Hooper, Sarah, wife of George Hooper.
Holman, Sarah, alias Hall.
Jones, Elizabeth, wife of Eichard Jones, and widow
of William Vaughan, Kent Co. X 181
Johnson, John, St. M.'s Co., extrs. of John Eose and
Mary, his wife. X 185
Jones, Ann, widow and admx. of Eichard Weaver,
Calvert Co. X 232
Kennard, Sarah, widow and extx. of Capt. Joseph
Hopkins. IX 508
Lindsey, Thomas, his wife, Jane, was widow of
Eobert Potts, Charles Co. X 160
Lloyd, Philemon, whose widow, Henrietta Maria, was admx. Account shows following : "A great silver cup left his son, Edward ; legacy left his daughter, Hannah; legacy left his daughter, Mary or Maria; legacy left Mrs. Darnall ; to son, Edward, schooling in Eng-
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382 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
land; to two tombstones for the children's
graves, value £3 10s." X 343
Mackfarland, Alexander, his wife, Elizabeth, sole
extx. of Matthew Sellej, A. A. Co. IX 518
Mitchell, Jane, A. A. Co., his widow married
William Fairbrother. X 160
Mitchell, Elizabeth, widow and extx. of John
Mitchell, St. M.'s Co. X 161
Mackdowell, Elizabeth, widow and admx. of Henry
Mackdowell. X 182
James Mackdowell died previous to Henry,
who was his brother. X 182
N^eale, James, in account rendered of James !Neale's
estate the following is mentioned: "A
negro woman given to James Boorman and
delivered to William Boorman; 12 cows
given to Roger, James and Dorothy Brooke." X 188 Richardson, Mark, his wife, Susannah, was widow
and extx. of George Utie (Utye), Baltimore
Co. X lYO
Rigbie, James, whose extrs. were Henry Constable
and Kathrin, his wife, of A. A. Co. X 247
Scudmore, Abigail, admx. of Thomas Scudmore. IX 481
Staples, Henry, Talbot Co., his widow and extx.,
Anna, married Robert Bourman. IX 515
Selley, Matthew, his widow and sole extx., Elizabeth,
married Alexander Mackfarland. IX 518
Smart, John, his wife, Susan, vddow of Richard
Bennison, A. A. Co. X 159
Strawbridge, John, his wife, Honora, widow of
William Furnace, Somerset Co. X 174
Smith, Thomas, his wife, Ann, widow and admx. of
William Bonnam, Talbot Co. X 312
Thomas, Alex., his wife, Mary, widow of John
Evans, Somerset Co. X 176
Utie, George, his widow, Susannah, married Mark
Richardson. X 170
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|
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181 |
|
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172 |
|
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231 |
|
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232 |
|
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Page |
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262 |
NOTES FROM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 383
Vanderheyden, Matthias, Cecil Co., his wife, Mar- garet, widow of Henry Ward.
Vaughan, Elizabeth, widow of William Vaughan, Kent Co., married Richard Jones.
Ward, Henry, whose widow, Margaret, married Mat- thias Vanderheyden, Cecil Co.
Weaver, Richard, Calvert Co., his widow and admx., Ann, married Jones.
Zone, James, married Patience Clocker, widow and admx. of Daniel Clocker, St. M.'s Co.
1689 Bayne, Elinor (Mrs.), admx. of Philip Dysor. Dysor, Philip, late of Charles Co., admx., was Mrs.
Elinor Bayne. X 262
Lowe, Henry, Susannah, his wife, was admx. and
widow of John Darnall. X 230
Ramsey, William, A. A. Co., South River. X 248
Tidings, Richard, A. A. Co., Rhode River. X 248
1690 Liber Page Allen, William, whose admr. was William Newman. XV 253 Champe, Soloman, Rhode River^ A. A. Co. , XI 1 Dorrell, Paul, whose widow married George Robin- son. XIa 1%
iN'ewman, William, and his wife, admrs. of William
Allen, Talbot Co. XV 253
1691 Liber Page Carberry, John Baptist, whose wife was widow of
Cuthbert Scott. XV 2f9
Ingerson, Daniel, and Seth, his wife, admrs. of
Henry Pratt. X 420
Scott, Cuthbert. ^ XV 39
1692 Liber Page
Carroll, Charles, whose wife, Martha, was widow
and extx. of Anthony Underwood. X 329
5
384 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Culver, Henry, whose wife, Rebecca, was widow and
extx. of Guy Finch, Calvert Co. X 333
Dorringtou, Francis, Calvert Co., whose extrs. were
Samuel Warner and his wife. X 482
Finch, Henry, whose widow and extx. married
Henry Culver, Charles Co. X 332
Howard, Nathan., whose widow and extx. married
Richard Kennard. X 331
Hall, Joshua, whose wife, Margaret, was widow and
extx. of John Isacks. X 333
Halloway, John, and Martha, his wife, widow and
extx. of Samuel Vines. X 349
Isacks, John, whose widow and extx. married Joshua
Hall. X 333
Dorsey, John, A. A. Co. In account is following
item: "Major Edward Dorsey, Mr. John
Dorsey and Thomas Blackwell and Sarah,
his wife, do make choice of following persons
to make equal division of estate late John
Dorsey's." X 314
Tawney, Michael, departed this life May 22, 1692. Xa 3 Underwood, Anthony, St. M.'s Co., whose widow
and extx. married Charles Carroll. X 329
Vines, Samuel, Calvert Co., whose vsddow and extx.
married John Halloway. X 349
Warner, Samuel, and his wife, extx. of Francis Dor-
rington, Calvert Co. X 482
Gibson, Miles, Baltimore Co., inventory shows one
case of knives and forks. Xllla 56
Patterson, Jane, A. A. Co., South River. XI 44
1693-4 Liber Page
Askew, Richard, Baltimore Co., married Mary,
widow of Edward Reeves. X 336
Abbot, George, his widow and admx. married John
Holfworth, Calvert Co. XII 127
Account shows five children not married, but
NOTES FROM THE EARLY RECORDS OF MARYLAND. 385
also says "Jolin Mackdowell married one of
same." Xllla 230
Barnett, William, his widow and admx., Alice, mar- ried Watkins. X 441
Beedle, Edward. XII 139
Bootheby, Edward, his wife, Elizabeth, was widow and admx. of Nathaniel Utie, also widow and admx. of Henry Johnson. XII 145
Booker, John, Ann, his wife, widow and extx. of
■ Eichard Price. XII 14
Cox, Charles, St. M.'s Co., Elizabeth Talbot was
admx. XII 62
Curtis, Michael, and his wife, Sarah, extx. Justinian
Gerard. XII 63
Collett, John, late Baltimore Co., admx. Elizabeth Gibson, widow of Miles Gibson and formerly widow of Henry Hazlewood. XII 149, 157
One of heirs of above Collett was Elizabeth Dawkins, late Elizabeth Gouldsmith. XII 149
Three sons — Henry, William and John also heirs. XII 150
Dunderdall, William, Talbot Co., adms. were Robert
Roberson and Margaret, his wife. XII 132
Drew, Anthony, his wife was niece of N'athaniel
Utie. XII 146
Dawkins, Elizabeth, see Gouldsmith, under Collett
administration. XII 149
Edmonds, Elizabeth, wife of Richard Edmonds, widow of Miles Gibson and formerly widow of Henry Hazlewood, Baltimore Co. XII 151
(To he Continued)
386 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
CALVERT FAMILY MEMORABILIA^
Feom Hearne's " Remarks and Collections/" Volume XI.
1732. Julj 8. (Sat.) Yesterday after my country walk called upon me Philip Harcourt Esq. formerly Gentleman Com- moner of Worcester College) with his quondam Tutor Mr. Roger Bourchier, Fellow of Worcester College. I had not seen Mr. Harcourt for many years before. He told me that my in- genious friend the Hon. Benedict Leonard Calvert Esq., Gov- ernor of Maryland, died in his return from thence on the 20th of May or else the 20th of June last (but he thinks the former) and was coflSned and cast into the sea, for which I am extreme sorry. He was born Sep. 7, 1700.
Aug. 7, (Mon.) My friend the Hon^^« Benedict Leonard Calvert Esq., died June 1st, 1732, old stile, of a Consumption, in the Charles, Capt. Watts commander, and was buried in the Sea. When he left England he seemed to think indeed, that fie was becoming an Exile, and that he should never see his native Country more; and yet neither myself nor any else could dis- swade him from going. He was as well beloved as an angel could be in his Station (he being Governour of Maryland), for our plantations have a natural aversion to their Govemours, upon account of their too usual exactions, pillages and plunderings; but Mr. Calvert was free from all such, and therefore there was no need of complaint on that score; but then it was argument enough to be harassed, that he was their Governour, and not only such, but brother to Lord Baltimore, the Lord Proprietor of Maryland, a thing which himself declared to his friends, who were likewise too sensible of it ; and the same may appear also from a speech or two of his on occasion of some distraction, which tho' in print I never yet saw. I had a sincere respect for him, and he and I used to spend much time together in search- ing after curiosities &c., so that he hath often said, that 'twas the most pleasant part of his Life, as other young Gentlemen like-
* For extended biography of Benedict Leonard Calvert see this MagazinCj HI: 191, 283; and for other Calvert Memorabilia see vol. x, 372 and xi, 282.
CALVEKT FAMILY MEMORABILIA. 387
wise then in Oxford have also said, that the many agreeable hours we used to spend together on the same occasions were the most entertaining & most pleasant part of their Lives. As Mr. Calvert & the rest of those young Gentlemen (several of which as well as Mr. Calvert were of noble Birth) used to walk & divert themselves with me in the country, much notice was taken there- of, & many envyed our happiness. When Mr. Calvert was at Rome, he was once secured from insults, if not mischieffs, by the advice of a particular friend, an English gentleman, then at Rome. Mr. Calvert had been one of the Communion of the Church of Rome, which being too well known in that City, he was more indiscreet than one would have expected from one of his excellent sense and caution, in his commerce with the Jesuits and others of the English College there, which was the more dangerous, as divers do not doubt to give out, that the inhabit- ants of Italy in general scruple not the use of the stiletto, poison (fee, where they entertain a prejudice. Mr. Calvert designed to write a description & history of Maryland, for which he had suitable abilities, & I doubt not but he made good Progress there- in. He wrote me a long letter from thence, dated at Annapolis, March 18, 1728/9, in which are several particulars relating to the Island, and at the same time sent me Holdsworth's Muscipula in Latin and English, translated by R. Lewis, and dedicated to Mr. Calvert. 'Twas printed at Annapolis that year, & is one of the first things ever printed in that Country. Mr. Lewis was then (& perhaps, if living, may be still) a schoolmaster at An- napolis, and formerly belonged to Eaton.
Sept. 6, 1732 Heame to Rawlinson.
Mr. Calvert was my intimate friend and Acquaintance, and we used to spend much time together (hardly a day failed) when he was in Oxford. . . I disswaded him from going as much as ever I could, having a great fear upon me, that I should never see him more when I parted with him at the Angel Gate at Oxford. . . He was sensible from what I have heard him say more than once, that he should live but a short life. I much lament his loss, and ever longed to have a sight of him again. He died in my debt a guinea for a copy of Thomas Elmham in
388 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
large Paper, which was sent to Charles Lowe, Esq. near West- minster Abbey on Feb. 20, 1727, Tuesday, but now I suppose this little sum of money is lost, Mr. Lowe being (as you know) dead also. . . — [p. 106.]
Mar. 29. (Thur.) [1733] I was told last night by Mr. Crowe of Univ. Coll. that my late friend the Hon. Benedict Leonard Calvert Esq., left a great many curiosities behind him, and that they are in the hands of his brother, Cecil Calvert Esq., born Oct. 1, 1702.
The said Mr. Crowe, a young Gentleman, is Brother in law to the said Ben. L. Calvert by the same Mother, who was a very fine Woman.
Mrs. Jane Calvert, sister of B. L. Calvert, now the wife of Mr. Hyde of Kinston Lisle in Berks, was born Nov. 13, 1703. She hath half a douzen children by Mr. Hyde, as Mr. Crowe told me last night.
Mr. Crowe insinuated, as if several of Mr. Calvert's collec- tions and papers were proper to be printed. I have a very good letter of Mr. Calvert's, that he wrote to me from Maryland, March 18, 1728-9. I think it fit to be printed at some time or other.
Mr. Crowe told me, at my asking, that Mr. Calvert made no will, at least if he did, they could not find it. — [p. 179.]
April 4. (Wed.) My Lady Baltemore, mother of my late friend the Hon. Ben. L. Calvert Esq. got her death by a bout of dancing. She was a very fat woman, and very tall (above six foot high) and very handsome, yet withall very nimble and active, & using great agility that night in dancing, tho' she went to bed extraordinary well, and slept extraordinary well, yet an alteration followed next day, and she continued languishing more than a month, & then died. So I was told last night by her son (by her second marriage) Mr. Crowe, a Commoner of Univ. College, who added, her Epitaph was made by Ben, before men- tioned, but that it being too long by much for the marble, it was shortened, & being so shortened 'tis now upon the monument. She died in the 42 year of her age. I have an account of her before. — [p. 181.]
THE CALVEET FAMILY. 389
THE CALVERT FAMILY
John Bailey Calvekt Nicklin
Addenda et Coerigenda
PabtIV
DESCENT OF THE TITLE (aCTUAL AND " DE JUKE.")
(See Chart Pedigree.)
Sir George Calvert, Knight, was created (bj King James I.) Baron (i. e.. Lord) Baltimore of Baltimore, County Longford, Ireland, in 1625 ; he died 15 April, 1632, and was succeeded (Governor the Honorable Leonard Calvert being his second son) by his eldest son, Cecil Calvert.
Cecil, second Lord Baltimore, b. 1605; d. 1675; m. 1627, Lady Anne Arundell and was succeeded by his only surviving son, Charles Calvert I.
Charles, third Lord Baltimore, b. 1637 ; d. 1715 ; married four times and was succeeded by his only surviving son (by his second wife, Mrs. Jane Sewall, nee Lowe.), Benedict Leonard Calvert I.
Benedict Leonard, fourth Lord Baltimore, b. 1679 ; d. 1715 ; m. 1698, the Lady Charlotte Lee and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles Calvert 11.
Charles, fifth Lord Baltimore, b. 1699; d. 1751; m. 1730, Mary Jannsen and was succeeded by his only surviving son, Frederick Calvert.
Frederick, sixth and last Lord Baltimore, b. 1732 ; d. 1771 ; m. 1753, the Lady Diana Egerton and died without lawful issue, when the title (wrongfully) became "extinct" (1771). The heir, however, was George Calvert, Esq., of " Deep Hole Farm," Prince William County, and " The Horse Shoe," Culpeper County, Virginia, who was heir-male of Governor the Honorable Leonard Calvert (supra), as follows:
Leonard Calvert (d. 1647), second son of the first Lord Bal- timore, was Governor of Maryland, 1634-1647; m. Anne Brent (1642) and left an only son,
390 MABYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
William Calvert (d. 1682), Deputy Governor, etc.; m. Eliza- beth Stone (dau. of Governor William Stone) and left as his heir (his other sons having died without issue male) his son,
George Calvert Esq., who m. Elizabeth Doyne and left as his heir his eldest son,
John Calvert Esq. (d. 1739), who m. Elizabeth Harrison of Virginia and left as his heir his eldest son,
George Calvert Esq. (d. 1782) (supra), of '^ Deep Hole Farm " and " The Horse Shoe," etc., de jure seventh Lord Bal- timore, being the heir-male of Governor the Leonard Calvert (q. v.). At his death the claim descended to his elder son, by his first wife (Anne Crupper),
John Calvert Esq. (d. 1790), of "Hunting Ridge," Balti- more County, Md., de jure eighth Lord Baltimore. At his death the claim descended to his only son, by his first wife (Sarah Bailey),
Cecilius Calvert Esq. (d. 1852), de jure ninth Lord Balti- more; he married his first cousin, Anne Beck Calvert, dau. of his uncle, George Calvert Esq., Jr. (1744-1821), and left as his heir his eldest son (Ziba Calvert Esq., being the third son),
John Calvert Esq. (d. 1846), de jure tenth Lord Baltimore; he died unmarried and left as his heir, his brother,
George Calvert Esq. (d. 1865), de jure eleventh Lord Balti- more; he m. Willie Anne Woods and left as his heir his eldest son,
John Strother Calvert Esq. (d. 1886), de jure twelfth Lord Baltimore ; he died unmarried and left as his heir his brother,
George Washington Calvert Esq. (d. 1913), de jure thirteenth Lord Baltimore ; he died unmarried also and left as his heir his brother,
Benjamin Franklin Calvert Esq., of Willows, California, de jure fourteenth Lord Baltimore. As he has no issue, his heir is his first cousin, James Madison Calvert, of Hunnewell, Mo., eldest son of the late Ziba Calvert (q. v.) and grandson of Cecilius, de jure ninth Lord Baltimore. He is therefore heir- presumptive to the Barony, if restored.
THE CALVERT FAMILY.
391
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392 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Corrections
Two deeds recently sent me from Prince William County, Virginia, indicate that the wife of John Calvert (d. 1739), George^, William^, Leonard^, George^, Leonard^, John^, was Jane, and not Elizabeth, Harrison. The first deed speaks of " Burr Calvert alias Harrison, son of Jane Harrison .... of Westmoreland County," and the second (dated 1739), " between Thomas Calvert alias Harrison, and Sarah his wife, and John Carr .... lands in Prince William County left by Burr Harrison between George Calvert alias Harrison, Burr Calvert alias Harrison, and Thomas Calvert Harrison." This would also indicate that there were only three sons, instead of five or six, although, of course, there may have been more than tradition to supply the data of the other children. (See Deed Book D., pages .7-8, Manassas.) There may, however, have been more than one marriage between the Calverts and Harri- sons in Virginia.
Page 52, line 4. Read degree, not degrete.
Page 55, line 36. Read Philipson, not Philipsin.
Page 57, line 20. Read Oct., 13., 1731, not 1751.
Page 57, line 22. Read Cecilius, not Cecelius.
Page 57, line 3. Read Epsom, not Epson.
Page 58, line 22. The matter beginning " Before his mar- riage " and ending " who lived at ' Mt. Airy,' " properly belongs to a footnote to follow after line 4, ending " riotous living," as it does not pertain to Frederick, Lord Baltimore, but to his father.
Page 58, line 32. Read d. s. p. 1., not d. s. p. 1.
Page 58, line 33. Read Epsom, not Epson.
Page 191. The order of the children of the Hon. William Calvert was inverted for the first two, as Elizabeth was the eldest child, not Charles. Read, therefore: i. Elizabeth, b. 1662. ii. Charles, b. 1664; etc.
Page 191, line 32. Read: iii. William, b. 1666; d. s. p. m., etc.
THE CALVEKT FAMILY.
Page 192, line 21. Read: i: Charles (?), d. s. p. m., the interrogation point indicating the doubt as to his paternity as referred to on pages 317-318.
Page 195, line 23. The complete issue of George Calvert and Willie Anne (Woods) Calvert is as foUovt^s :
i. John Strother, b. 1836; d. 1896, unmarried.
ii. George Washington, b. 1838; d. 1913, unmarried.
iii. William Wood, ib. 1840; d. 1908, unmarried.
iv. Sarah Anne, b. 1842; d. 1899; m. 1869, her cousin, Samuel Ralls
Calvert (q. v.). V. Mary Elizabeth, b. 1844; d. s. p. vi. Ziba Jesse, b. 1846; d. 1903, unmarried, vii. Benjamin Franklin, b. iSept. 27, 1850; heir to the Barony of
Baltimore, viii. James Gabriel, b. 1852; d. s. p. m. 1885. ix. Susan Catherine, b. 1853; d. 1886. X. Elvira Jane, b. 1856; m. 1877, her cousin, John Quincy Calvert
(q.v.). xi. Martha Virginia, b. 1858; d. 1879. xii. Edward Green, b. 1860; d. u.
Page 197, line 4. The Catherine Anne (b. Feb. 4, 1892; d. May 12, 1914) here mentioned as a daughter of James Madison Calvert and his second wife, Catherine Anne Taylor, is in error as this was the second wife herself. She was born Feb. 4, 1852, and died May 12, 1914, leaving no issue.
Page 199, line 12. Read : John Twohig, not Twohis.
Page 203, lines 1-2-3-4 belong after line 13 as wife of Fred- erick Strother Emery. Read: Frederick Strother Emery, b. Aug. 6, 1874; m. Aug. 23, 1904, the Countess Elsa von Moltke. V. Samuel Church ISTicklin, etc.
Page 203, line 15. Read: Lucy Crane Nicklin.
The first seventeen lines of page 203 were so mixed up that it is thought advisable to give them in their correct order, which is as follows:
ii. Elizabeth Catherine Nicklin, b. Nov. 29, 1833; d. Sept. 10, 1910;
m. Jan. 9, 1851, Espy Connoly. iii. Martha Virginia Nicklin, b. March 9, 1836; d. May 22. 1838. iv, Mary Marshall Nicklin, b. Jan. 19, 1838; d. May 28, 1921; ra.
March 15, 1866, John Nelson Emery.
394 MAEYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
ISSUE:
,1. Joseph Emery, b. June 24, 1868; d. Aug. 11, 1868.
2. Mary Virginia Emery, b. Nov. 1. 1869; m. Aug. 22, 1899,
kPaul Browne Patterson.
3. Frederick Strother Emery, b. Aug. 6, 1874; m. Aug. 23,
1904, Elsa, daughter of Count and Countess Max voa Moltke. V. (Samuel Church Nicklin, b. Feb. 18, 1840; d. Sept. 29, 1911; m. Sept. 7, 1865, Harriet Utley. 23. vi. John Bailey Nirklin II., b. Aug. 5, 1843; d. May 6, 1919; of ■v^^hom later, vii. Lucy Crane Nicklin, b. April 25, 1846; d. Oct. 2, 1846. viii. Laura Pendleton Nicklin, b. Sept. 5, 1848; d. April 10, 1872; m. 1870, Dr. Charles B. Ansart; s. p. ix. rwiilliam Fuller Nicklin, b. March 11, 1852; d. Feb. 18, 1858.
Page 203, line 37, add (to record of Colonel Benjamin Pat- ten Nicklin, U. S. A.) : Member of the Society of the Cincinnati in the State of Virginia.
Page 318, line 5. Eead 1668, not 1669.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY
March 14, 1921. — Regular monthly meeting with President presiding.
The following persons were elected to membership :
Mrs. Cavendish Darrell, Julien L. Bowdre, Jr.,
Mr. John E. Beatty, Joseph D. Chesney,
Edward McColgan, Mrs. Samuel A. Tubman,
Edwin S. Hoskins, Miss Jessie Black,
James Baily, Mrs. Frank P. Scrivener,
Rev. Benjamin T. Hynson, Mrs. George Dowell,
Harold H. Sims, Associate, Daniel Henry, Miss Mary C. Oursler, Assoc,
Mr. David Ridgely Howard (to life membership).
The President stated that he had received a letter from Mr. Blanehard Randall, Chairman of the Maryland League for
PEOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 395
National Defense, turning over to this Society the balance of funds on hand on finishing the work.
Vice-President Thorn reported that the Committee on the Shot Tower had met and conferred with the Mayor, asking him to urge the Park Board either to purchase or to condemn the Shot Tower and land adjacent and use it as a park or civic center. He said that the Mayor seemed to think favorably of this. President Harris stated that he had received a letter of thanks from Mayor Broening in reply to his letter expressing the hope that the above-mentioned plan would be carried out.
Under the head of ISTecrology the death of Miss Sarah Rich- mond and Mrs. Rosabella Sadtler was reported.
The President then called attention to the notice sent out to the members for this meeting, stating that a resolution would be presented. Thereupon General Lawrason Riggs sub- mitted the following:
*''' Resolved^ That His Honor the Mayor be requested to sub- mit to the Municipal Art Commission, for its consideration, the advisability of relocating the statue of General Lafayette now proposed to be placed immediately south of the Washington Monument."
A discussion followed, Mr. Thomas C. Corner, Mr. Francis B. Culver and several others speaking in favor of the resolution. A division being finally called for, the resolution was adopted with a vote of 35-3.
The President then stated that Mr. Dielman would speak on the ISTeeds and Policy of the Society.
Mr. Dielman said, in part :
" It will probably surprise many of you to know that should this Society be compelled to liquidate, the contents of this building would bring under the hammer an amount probably in excess of one million dollars. It is an assured fact that no other historical society in all these United States has any such collection of source material as that in our possession, and but few of them have anything comparable to it.
" For instance, in manuscript material, aside from the origi-
396 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
nal Archives now in course of publication, we have the Calvert papers, never adequately treated; the correspondence of the Executive Department from 1767 to 1867, a huge mass of material comprising many thousands of uncalendared letters and documents ; the Red Books, the Black Books and others of this series, consisting of personal and oflScial letters of the Colonial and Revolutionary period; the Carroll, the Dulaney, the Scharf, the Warden, the Williams and other collections which have hardly been touched. A number of these collections are practically unknown except as collections and it is necessary to withhold them from use on account of the risk of damage from promiscuous handling in their present condition. This item alone represents years of labor in calendaring, cataloguing and mending, at the hands of specially qualified persons."
Judge Trippe, on behalf of the Committee on Addresses and Literary Entertainments, moved that a vote of thanks he extended to Mr. Dielman. The motion was adopted.
Dr. Charles Baldwin suggested that a vote be taken on Mr. Dielman's suggestion that Governor Ritchie be requested to purchase out of the Contingent Fund the books referred to by Mr. ]Dielman, and Mr. John L. Sanford suggested that Mr. Dielman be requested to reduce his remarks to writing and that copies be printed and sent to the members.
It was moved and carried that the Secretary communicate with the Governor, stating the facts in reference to the valuable books for sale and ask that he consider purchasing them from his contingent fund.
There being no further business the meeting adjourned.
April 11, 1921. — The regular monthly meeting of the Society was held tonight with the President presiding.
The Secretary stated that he had communicated with Gov- ernor Ritchie in regard to purchasing, out of the contingent fund, the manuscripts mentioned in the minutes of the last meeting, and read a letter from the Governor which stated that at the present time there were no funds available, but that he
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 39T
would consider the matter again toward the end of the year, and if no funds were then available perhaps he would make provision in the next budget.
Mr. Dielman announced that the Library Committee of the Peabody Institute had authorized that out of the "Reverdy Johnson, Jr., Fund " a cable be sent to England requesting that these documents be sent on approval, with a view to possible purchase. The President expressed the thanks of the Society to the Peabody for their action in the matter.
The following persons were elected to membership:
Mr. and Mrs. Key Compton, Mr. Frank C. Norwood, Rev. John ISTesbitt, Mrs. W. W. Spence, Jr.
Mr. Michael J. Sullivan, Mr. Reuben Foster,
Dr. W. W, Davis, Mr. Frederick Foster,
Mr. Cleveland P. Manning, Mr. Joseph P. Smythe, Mr. Albert H. Buck, Mr. Francis E. Pegram,
Mr. Charles L. Hutchins, Mr. Walter L. Clark,
Miss Louise C. Osborne Haughton^ Mr. and Mrs. C. Burnett Torsch, Dr. Henry Maynadier Fitzhugh. Dr. W. H. DeCoursey Wright, Mr. John T. Landis — Assoc. Miss Pearl B. Kimble — Assoc.
The President then announced that Father O'Donovan would submit a minute on His Eminence, the late James Cardinal Gibbons.
Father O'Donovan then offered the following minute:
" Whereas, Divine Providence has closed in death the long, wise and virtuous earthly life of His Eminence, James Car- dinal Gibbons, Ninth Archbishop of Baltimore; and
" Whereas, it was in this City of Baltimore that he was born. July 23, 1834^ and died March 24, 1921, and having here been baptized a Christian, ordained a priest, consecrated a bishop, and given the cardinal's biretta of the Holy Roman Church ; and
398 MARYLAND HISTOKICAL MAGAZINE.
" Whereas, he spent just one-half of his earthly life, to wit^ forty-three years, as Archbishop of this see, wielding an influ- ence almost world-wide at times, planning and executing many good deeds for his fellow-man ; —
" Therefore, Be it Resolved, that the Maryland Historical Society records with a deep sense, the loss to this City and State of him who was in the best and truest sense one in belief and practice with Lord Baltimore's principles of religious liberty and good will to all men.
" Born near what is now Gay and Lexington Streets, bap- tized in the Cathedral, because of the ill-health of his father the family took a sea-voyage to Ireland, where Mr. Gibbons died. Mrs. Gibbons and her children sailed for America, but were shipwrecked on the Bahamas, before they finally reached New Orleans. There James Gibbons conceived the idea of studying for the priesthood, first at St. Charles College, Mary- land, and later at St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore. After being ordained priest 1861, he served seven years in Baltimore, and in 1868 was consecrated Vicar-Apostolic of ISTorth Caro- lina; in 18Y2 Bishop of Richmond, Virginia, and in 1877 Archbishop of Baltimore.
"ITot only did those of his own faith hold him dear as their father in Christ, but many Protestants and even Jews esteemed him as a kindly gentleman, who never gave unnecessary offence, a searching student of the writings of many men, and a sympa- thetic friend of every class, all deepened and tempered exquis- itely by his spiritual training under the French Fathers of St. Sulpice of Baltimore, broadened and mellowed by his native and inherent benevolence, and sympathetically adjusted and co- ordinated through considerable travel in our own and foreign lands, and made concrete and practical through his wide ac- quaintance with many of the strongest and wisest personages of American and European nationalities.
" If the best Marylanders are those who practice the motto of our State, then Cardinal Gibbons, whose tireless strength in * Manly deeds ' tempered with kindly ' "Womanly words ' were
PEOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, 399
SO well known to his fellow-citizens, was in truth a real, historical Marylander.
" And while on the one side his eminent position as a Prince of the Holy Roman Church admitted him to the loftiest com- pany of several Popes,Presidents of our beloved Country, Em- perors and Kings and Queens of other realms, yet on the other hand he was a daring, ceaseless friend of the Knights of Labor, and of all sons of toil, even the dusky negro, in this our South- land, where his field of labor in the Vineyard of the Lord had cast his lot for a long lifetime.
" With a curious love for the young, as the altar-boys and news-boys, as well as for the aged and broken, as the charges of the Little Sisters of the Poor ; with a noble record of shep- herd-life searching for the ignorant members of his flock in ISTorth Carolina and Virginia ; as well as a delight in the com- pany of the first families of cultured Marylanders ; with an ex- perience that had led him down through those trying days of the War of the Confederacy, Reconstruction under the carpet-bag- gers, expansion into the ' Golden West,' our War with Spain and late World War; having seen General Jackson, having walked a mourner behind the corpse of President Lincoln, having offered invocations at the conferring of the Sword on the victo- rious Admiral Dewey, having been tendered a reception in our armory in 1911 the like of which was never seen in our coun- try, whereat as guests were the then President of the United States, the Past President, the Vice-President, the Secretary of State, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Senators and many of the fathers of our country, having successfully com- batted and overthrown that German propaganda called Cahen- slyism, having presided over the Third Plenary Council of Baltimore, having been the Chancellor of the Catholic Univer- sity at Washington, as well as having saved it from financial collapse, no wonder if he should be called and remembered chiefly as a man of affairs.
" Nevertheless from a busy life he used his spare hours so profitably as to write his kindly, erudite, practical ' Faith of 6
400 MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Our Fathers/ done during his residence as a missionary bishop in ]^orth Carolina from 1868 to 1872. Following, more than a dozen years later (1889), came 'Our Christian Heritage' intended to lead men of any, or no faith, ' amid the encircling gloom ' to believe in things fundamentally religious and spiri- tual. Still later, Moses-like, for the young Levites of the Clergy chiefly, he wrote ' The Ambassador of Christ,' and finally, as a child of his old age, embodying his reminiscences and experiences^ too precious to be lost, appeared his ' Retro- spect of Fifty Years.'
" In both words and deeds, in young and old age, a sweet, gentle wisdom and human kindness pervaded all that was his.
" Blessed with good health and alert senses, though always of a frail physique, fond of walking and manly sports, he was likewise an admiring reader of the classics and nobler writings of our mother tongue. For over four-score years his was a * Mens sana in corpore sano.' For ripe, sage wisdom, breadth and balance of judgment, gentleness and mercy in administer- ing justice, above all for constant exemplification of the most needed virtue of a Christian character, he was a charming exemplar.
" For an abiding, deep-rooted faith in the teachings, as well as for a sustaining hope in the rewards for loyal service to his Master, and for a fond love for the uplifting life of virtue in- culcated and fostered by the Church of God, especially depre- cating the evils of divorce, he was always and everywhere a devoted herald.
" For the world at large he was a leader in republican prin- ciples of liberty without license ; for all religious men he exem- plified the broadest charity ; for us Americans and Marylanders his good deeds and informing writings should long be pondered, applied to and re-lived in our lives."
Mr. Wtilliam P. Ryan, in seconding the motion to adopt the Minute presented by the Rev. Louis O'Donovan, commemora- tive of His Eminence, the late James Cardinal Gibbons, asked
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 401
the privilege to briefly express his own estimate of this truly great and estimable man. Mr. Ryan spoke as follows:
" The death of His Eminence, James Cardinal Gibbons, is, as I see it, an irreparable loss. The position he held through his long and remarkable life was truly unique. The greatest Churchman in Catholic Christendom and exercising the great- est influence for good in civic affairs of any private citizen in America.
" He was in fact the good shepherd, and in the broadest and highest spiritual sense of real christian charity all the sons of men were embraced in his sheepfold. He believed that ' Other sheep I have that are not of this fold: them also I must bring and they shall hear my voice and there shall be one fold and one .shepherd.'
" A Prince of the Church he was in piety an exemplar to all his clergy; and in humility both of thought and deed a model for all the faithful. A profound and learned expositor of the Sacred Scriptures, as exemplified in his ' Faith of Our Fathers,' ' An Ambassador of Christ,' and ' Our Christian Heri- tage,' he lived the gospel he preached and walked in the foot- steps of his Divine Master.
"A wise and safe statesman, he was not swayed by partisan rancor, although he never failed to raise his voice and give his counsel when America or its institutions were imperiled. He believed that righteousness exalteth a nation and he felt that under God's providence ours was the greatest and best govern- ment upon the earth, and he leaves us as the most profoundly mourned man of his generation. All the creeds — Jew and Gentile — all Americans of all parties who love their native land are uncovered at his tomb and with our own stricken people of Baltimore sincerely grieve for our greatest and best loved citizen."
Mrs. Anna L. Sioussat then presented a collection of framed views of Sulgrave Manor, on behalf of the family of the late Mrs. T. Harrison Garrett with the following remarks:
4:02 MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
" In presenting on behalf of the family of the late and la- mented Mrs. T. Harrison Garrett, these views of Sulgrave Monor to the Maryland Historical Society it would seem well to refer to the notable occasion which they represent.
"Mrs. Garrett was sent as Special envoy from the National Society of the Colonial Dames of America to report upon the possibilities of a safe place of deposit in Sulgrave Manor House, ^Northampton Shire, for the portrait of Col. Washington pre- sented by the National Society to the British Peace Commis- sioners on the occasion of the celebration of one hundred years of peace between the two English-speaking peoples.
" The portrait was that painted by Charles Wilson Peale of ' Young Mr. Washington ' in the uniform worn during the French and Indian War as a Colonel in His Majesty's forces. He wears on the breast of his long waistcoat the silver gorget in evidence that he was on duty in active service. The original is at Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Virginia.
" Mrs. Garrett arrived in London, July 29, 1914. Her visit had been anticipated by a cable written to the Earl of Plym- outh, Chairman of the Committee on Memorials, and upon sending her credentials to the Hotel where the Commission was sitting, she was notified that on the next day the ceremonies would take place of the transfer from the British Commission who had purchased the Manor House with ten acres of ground surrounding it, to the hands of the Anglo-American Committee, its permanent custodians.
" Mrs. Garrett accordingly went down in the special train with a goodly company, among whom were Lord Shaw of Dum- fermline, Earl Spencer of Althorpe with Mr. Perris, the Secre- tary, and other members. On their way home after the cere- monies and inspection of the Manor, they were entertained at Althorpe by Earl Spencer and so ended a memorable day for them and for us.
" It affords us profound pleasure thus to indicate the im- portance of the visit which those photographs portray and to record our lasting appreciation of the steadfast devotion, the
PKOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 403
unfailing generosity, tlie patriotic ardor for Nation and her be- loved State of Maryland of Mrs. Garrett, so well known to you, her fellow workers and fellow citizens. This presentation is made at the request of John Garrett and Robert Garrett, Esq."
The President thanked Mrs. Sioussat and stated that proper acknowledgment would be sent to the donors.
The Recording Secretary presented on behalf of Mr. C. T. Williams a collection of the mounted clippings from the daily papers upon the death of Cardinal Gibbons. These were accepted with thanks.
The President presented on behalf of Miss Elizabeth Wood- ville, executrix of the estate of Miss Susan Williams, four mourning rings of the Williams and Cook families, a minia- ture of Otho Holland Williams and the wedding ring used by both General Williams and his son Elie Williams.
Mr. Dielman presented on behalf of Miss Ella Mackubin a collection of the papers of the Patapsco Female Institute.
Dr. Henry J. Berkley presented certain letters of Chancellor Theodoric Bland upon the Constitution of the United States and read sketches of Thomas Stockett Alexander and of John Harwood Alexander.
NOTES, BOOKS RECEIVED, ETC.
History of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Maryland, 1820- 1920. By Abdel Ross Wentz. Together with a brief sketch of each congregation of the synod and biographies of the living sons of the synod in the ministry. Printed for the Synod by the Evangelical Press, Harrisburg, 1920. 8vo., 641 pp., illustrated profusely with portraits, etc.
The Maryland Synod, as it is commonly known, has played an important role in the church history of the state for a cen- tury past, and the above volume both attractive in appearance
404 MARYLAND HISTOEICAX MAGAZINE.
and informative in a high degree, briefly chronicles the chief events connected therewith.
It may be noted that the first Lutheran congregation in Mary- land was that at Monocacy a few miles north of the present city of Frederick, it having been visited by a Lutheran minister as early as 1733. In Baltimore the Lutherans had no regular pastor until 1755, while in Georgetown the oldest congregation was organized in 1769.
The extensive and varied biographical material also pre- sented make this work of interest to a wide circle of readers, as many of the characters described were leaders in fields of activ- ity outside of the Lutheran church.
Rev. Jno. G, Morris, for instance, was a striking character who left a distinct impress as Librarian of the Peabody Insti- tute, as President of the Maryland Historical Society, and as a scientist of note.
The Revs, J. Daniel Kurtz and Benjamin Kurtz were both prominent figures in Baltimore towards the middle of the last century; and Rev. J. G, Butler of Washington was later like- wise a man worth while on the Maryland soil loaned by the state to the Federal Government.
Rev. Dr. Wentz, as author and compiler of the above His- tory, has done his work excellently well, and the volume in question everywhere gives evidence of his great assiduity in the collection of material and of his literary skill in handling it when collected.
This volume is one which any Marylander may well feel proud to owTi.
Geoege C. Keidel.
Library of Congress, Washington, D. C.
Letters of the Continental Congress, Vol. 1. Edited by Edmund C. Burnett. Washington, D. C., Carnegie Institution, pp. 572.
This volume, the first of a series of six is an invaluable con- tribution to the history of the American Revolution, covering the period from August 29, 1774 to July 4, 1776. The editor says in his preface : " The purpose of the present collection of letters and other writings of members of the Continental Con- gress is to supplement the journal, to expand the meagre record so far as possible, by bringing together in one place whatever
NEW BOOKS RECEIVED^ ETC. 405
information touching the proceedings of Congress may have come down from those who took part in them."
The McCarthy's in Early American History. By Michael J. O'Brien. I^ew York, 1921.
This is a painstaking attempt to chronicle various branches of this family in the United States in the seventeenth and eigh- teenth centuries. A part of chapter four is devoted to the McCarthy's in Maryland. The book will doubtless prove to be of use to genealogists.
The Czechs {Bohemiatis) in America; a study of their national, cultural, political, social, economic and religious life. By Thomas Capek. Boston, 1920.
The scope of this volume is indicated in its title. Beginning with Augustine Herrman (whose portrait appears as the fron- tispiece) it sketches the careers of prominent Czechs who have distingished themselves in various sections of the country. The volume is illustrated and has a serviceable index.
Our Rifles. By Charles Winthrop Sawyer. Boston, 1920.
$4.50.
This volume is the third in the " Firearms in American History Series," and covers the period from 1800 to 1920. Profusely illustrated, a valuable and interesting work. The opening paragraph is peculiarly pertinent at the present time: " Now comes again the ancient propaganda, spread by a vicious few, of international disarmament and everlasting peace. This pernicious doctrine, as old as nations themselves, and now pro- claimed anew on the one hand by those who are educationally or mentally defective, and on the other by seekers of gain who are knaves, is dangerous to all nations and especially menacing to the strength, the safety, and even the existence of our own United States."
Blooded Horses of Colonial Days; Classic Horse-matches in America before the Revolution. By Francis Barnum Culver. Baltimore. $3.50.
The book is full of interest to all lovers of the horse, and is a valuable contribution to the history of a most lively phase of colonial life as well as an authoritative work of reference. The general reader and the modern sportsman alike will find in " Blooded Horses of Colonial Days " an agreeable addition to
406 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
their libraries that will afford at tiie same time delight and profit.
Smith College Studies in History. Vol. vi.
'Nos. 1 and 2 contains " Le dernier sejour de J.-J. Rousseau a Paris, 17Y0-1778/' by Elizabeth A. Foster, Ph. D. ; Ko. 3 contains "Letters of Ann Gillam Storrow to Jared Sparks," ed. by Prances Bradshaw Blanshard, A. M.
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 4th Series.
Volume III contains the Presidential Address by Sir 0. W. Oman, " East and West " ; " British and Allied Archives dur- ing the War " ; " The Voyage of Pedro Teixeira on the Amazon from Para to Quito and back, 1637-1639," by Rev. G. Edmun- son ; " The English in Russia during the second half of the 16th century"; by Mildred Wretts-Smith ; "Unpublished documents relating to Town life in Coventry," by M. Dormer Harris ; " The Black Death in Wales," by William Rees ; " The Commons Journals of the Tudor Period," by J, E. Neale.
Collected Poems of Thomas E. Pope. Baltimore, 1916.
Journal, Missouri Constitutional Convention o/ 1875. 2 vols. Columbia, Mo. 1920.
A Register of the Ancestors of Dorr Eugene Felt and Agnes (McNulty) Felt. Compiled by Alfred L. Holman, Chi- cago, 1921. Privately printed.
Afidreiv Meade of Ireland and Virginia. By P. Hamilton Baskervill. Richmond, Va., 1921.
Tyler s Quarterly Historical and Genealogical Magazine for January 1921.
It contains a sound editorial on " Propaganda in History " ; " Charles City County Petitions " ; " James City County Pe- titions " ; " Record of the Smith Family " (of Essex County, Va.) ; some minor contributions and Historical and Genealogi- cal notes.
Historical Society of New Mexico, Publication No. 23.
It is devoted to " Addresses delivered at the Ceremonies incident to the Dedication of the Cross of the Martyrs, Sep- tember 15, 1920."
NEW BOOKS EECEIVED, ETC. 407
!N'oTEs AND Observations on the Eleventh Month
"Novemher often proves an intemperate Montli, the Earth and Trees now are wholly unclothed, and the Country-man having sowed his Wheat and Rye, generally forsakes the Fields, and spends his time at the Barn and at the Market. A good Fire begins to be welcome. And as the Farmer in Pennsilvania is busie at threshing his Corn, &c., so the Planter in Maryland and Virginia must observe his times in Curing & Packing his Tobacco, and begins to hearken for l^ews from Europe in hopes for a good Market for his Merchant enriching Weed. Now Hospitality and good ^Neighborhood is in fashion in Maryland, especially where there's store of strong Liquors."
— Daniel Leed's Almanack for 1693 (William Bradford, Philadelphia, 1693, p. 25).
[Contributed hy Albert Cooh Myers."]
IITDEX TO YOLUME XYI
(Names of Authors, Titles of Contributed Papers and Original Documenta in small capitals; book titles noticed or reviewed are in italics.)
Abbot, George, 384. Abbott, George, 138. "Abbott's Forest," 138. Abby Island Creek, 211. Acheson, Mildred Carter, Viscount- ess, 316. Adams, Elizabeth, 197. Henry, 8.
John, 197, 340, 342, 349. John Quincy, 332. Margaret (Calvert), 197. Mariah, 197, 198. Adderton, Jeremiah, 191.
Mary (Neale) Egerton, 191. Addison, Eleanor (Smith), 141.
Elizabeth (Tasker), 189. John, 283. John, Col., 115. John, Capt., 108,109,110. Rebecca, 283. Thomas, Col., 189, 361. "Addition," 245.
"Addition to Herbert's Care," 231. "Addition to Hood's Haven," 248. Admiralty Court, 343. ^'Adventures Addition," 144, 147,
148. After Story of the Good Intent,
60. Air's Ford, 248. Alexander, Mrs. — , 11.
Anne (Fowke), 12. Hannah (— ), 369, 370. John Harwood, 403. John Henry, 74. Mark, 147. Robert, 12, 261 ff., 341,
349. Thomas, 369, 370. Thomas Stockett, 403. Allen, Andrew, 272. Anne, 3.
Jasper, 283, 287. John, Capt., 106. John, Sir, 3. Lucy Anne, 199. Marv, 283. 287. William, 383.
Allin, Caroline (Fowke). 15.
Charles, M.D., 15. Ambrose, Margaret Worrall, 289, 292.
Richard, 289. Anderson, Ellinor (— ), 373, 376 John, 287, 289. Mary, 287, 289. Andrews, Christopher, 289, 291. "Andrews Lott," 132. Ansart, Charles B., M. D., 203, 394. Laura Pendleton ( Nick- lin), 203, 394. "Aquilla's Inheritance," 138, 139. "Arabia Petrea," 130. Archer, George, M. D., 105, 129, 131, 132, 133, 138, 142, 143, 144. Henry W., 138. Humphrey, 283. Mabell, 283. Margaret, 283. Ark and Dove Society, 64. "Arlington," 315. Armistead, Mary Walker, 200. Arnold, Benedict, 193. Harvey, 16.
Sarah E. (Fowke), Moon, 16. Arundell, Anne, Lady, 55, 389.
Thomas, Sir, 55. Asbeston, Isabelle, 296. Mary, 296. Rebecca, 296. William, 296. Winnifred, 296. Ashcom, Samuel, 379. Ashmore, Walter, 130. Ashmore's Mill, 253. " Ashmore's Retirement," 130. Askew, Richard, 384.
Mary ( — ) Reeves, 384. Askin, Anne, 198.
Aspinwall, Elizabeth ( — ), 373, 377. Henry, Capt., 373, 377. " Associators' Convention," 181. " Auchentorolv," 214. Avalon, Md., '238, 257.
409
410
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Avalon, Newfoundland, 52. Ayres, Anne ( — ), Earle, 295, 296. John, 295, 296.
Bache, Alexander D., 322, 323, 324,
325. Back River, 242. Back River Neck, 127. Badger, George Edmond, 171. Bagby, Amos, 297. Ursula, 297. Bailey, George, 230, 245. Helen, 194, 201. Helen (Newsome), 194. John, 194. McLain, 243. Sarah, 194, 390. Baill, John, 283, 284.
Rebecca, 283, 284. Baily, James, elected, 394. Baker, Elizabeth, 380. Hugh, 374. James, 234.
John, 207, 229, 244, 380. Maurice, 244. Susan, 13.
Thomas, 373, 375, 379. VWilliam, 244. William G., Jr., 66. Zebediah, 244, 245. " Baker's Delight," 248. "iBald Friar Ferry House," 253. Bald Friar Ford, 252, 253. Baldwin, Charles, Dr., 396.
Charles Gambrill, elected,
63. Mrs. Charles Gambrill, elected, 63. Bale, Anthony, 245. Hannah, 218.
Thomas, 140, 218, 222, 224. Baltimore. See also Calvert. Baltimore, Anne (Arundell) Cal- vert, lady, 389. Anne (Mynne) Cal- vert, Zarfy; 53, 54, 391. Benedict Leonard Cal- vert. 4:th lord, 56, 57. 181, 389, 391. Cecilius Calvert, 2d lord. 23, 24, 53, 54, 55, 189, 389, 391. Charles Calvert. M lord, 56, 57, 127, 180, 183, 185, 188, 255, 317, 318, 389, 391. Charles Calvert, 5th lord, 313, 314, 317, 389, 391, 392.
Baltimore, Charlotte (Lee) Cal- vert, lady, 57, 389. Lady Diana Egerton
Calvert, 389. Frederick Calvert, 6th lord, 58, 59, 193, 389, 391, 392. G«orge Calvert, \st lord, 51, 52, 53, 389, 391. JaJie ( Lowe ) Sewall Calvert, lady, 55, 56, 388, 389. Joane ( — ) Calvert,
lady, 55. Joanna (Hawksworth)
Calvert, lady, 53. Margajet ( Charleton )
Calvert, lady, 56. Mary (Darnall) Cal- vert, lady, 56. Mary ( Janssen ) Cal- vert, lady, 58. Baltimore City, 117, 2i5, 216. Baltimore Company, 46, 219, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 234, 235. Baltimore Co. Furnace, 228, 229,
239. Baltimore County, 110, 126, 362,
368. The Baltimobe County "Gakbi-
SON " AND THE OlD GaBBISON
Roads. William B. Marye, 105, 207. Baltimore County Rangers, 105,
110, 112, 115, 123, 209. Baltimore Iron Works Company, 219, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 247. Baltimore Town, 213, 214, 216. Banks, Ann (Dennis), 379. Anne, 373. Mary, 56.
Thomas, 290, 373, 379. Barberton Manor, 26, 28. Barbier, Luke, Dr., 279, 280. B'arden, Charles, 295.
Elizabeth (— ), 295. Barley, James, 244. "Barley Hills," 224. Barnes, Elizabeth. 280. Ford, 252. Grace, 280. "Barnes's Delight," 2,52. Barnett, Alice (— ), 385,
William, 385, Barney, Joshua, Comm., Snuff-box,
66. Barren Hills, 238.
INDEX.
411
Bartlett, Elizabeth, 369.
Mary (Fowke), 14. Sarah, 13. Baskerville, P. Hamilton, 406. Bassett, Margaret (— ), 296, 297.
Thomas, 296, 297. " Batchellor's Good Luck," 137. Battaile Creek, Calvert County, 188. Battle Town, 110. Baxter, Hannah ( — ), 371.
Hannah ( — ) Furbey, 372. Thomas, 371, 372. Bayley, George, 194.
John, 292, 294. Magdalen, 292, 294. Mary, 3, 4. Sarah (Maclane), 194. William, 3, 4. Bayne, Anne ( — ), 380, 381.
Catherine (Fowke), 12. Mrs. Elinor, 383. Ellsworth, 12. John, 380, 381. Beagen, Mrs. H. J., 202. Beall, Ninian, Major, 128. "Beall's Camp," 128. Bear Cabin Branch, 132, 133, 135,
142. "Bear Hills," 226. "Bear Neck," 141, 142, 143, 149. "Bear Ridge," 142, 143. Beatty, Charles, 265, 267.
John E., elected, 394. Beauchamp, Arabella, 2.
John, 2. Beck, Anne, 390, 391. Lewis, 284. Eichard, 284. Beckwith, — , 289.
Barbara, 289. Charles, 289, 379. Elizabeth, 283. Elizabeth ( — ) Skinner,
287, 289. George, 283, 289, 379. Margaret, 283, 289, 379. "Bedford Resurveyed," 213. Beedle, Edward, 385. Beetenson, Edmund, 292, 295.
Lvdia ( — ) Watkins, 292, 295. Bengar, Katharine ( — ) Chadwell, 284, 292, 294. Robert, 294. Ben jar, see Bengar. Belair Road, 118, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147.
10
Bell, Prances, 197. "Bell's Mill," 140. Belt, John, 244.
John, Jr., 230. "Ben's Run," 245. Bend, W. B., 322. Bennet, Disborough, 290. Mary (— ), 290. Vachel Baseman, 259. Bennett, Hannah, 369.
John, 371. Bennison, Richard, 380, 382.
Susan ( — ), 380, 382. Benson, Elizabeth ( — ), 295, 296.
John, 295, 296. Benton, Thomas Hart, 158, 175. Berkley, Henry J., M.D., 66, 403. Berry, Ann ( — ) Wynne, 373, 379. Ben, 13. Enoch, 13. James, 373, 379. Judith (Fowke), 13. Susannah (Berry), 13. Besson, Hester (— ), 292, 295.
Thomas, 292, 295. Best, Anne ( — ), 288.
Edward, 288. Bigbee, Archibald, 194.
Lydia (Calvert), 194. Bigger, Anne, 283, 286.
James, 373, 377, 380. John, 283, 286. Margrett, 373, 377, 380. Biggs, Seth, 359, 360. Binley, Stephen, 373, 377. Birch, Henrietta (Calvert), 195. Bird, Elizabeth ( — ) Lewis, 295.
John, 295. Bird River, 149. Biscoe, Elizabeth, 315. James, 374, 377. Sarah, 374, 377. Bishop, Benoni, 283, 285. Sarah, 283. Sarah Hancock, 285. Black, Jessie, elected, 394. Van Lear, 65, 66. Mrs. Van Lear, 67. "Black Walnut Neck," 224. Blackfan, John, 296, 298.
Mary ( — ) Manning, 298. Blackiston, Ebenezer, 290, 291.
Mary (Calvert), Lady,
56. Nathaniel, Gov., 187. Nehemiah, 355, 358. William, Sir, 56.
412
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Blackwell, Sarah ( — ), 3S4.
Thomas, 384. Blagg, Abraham, 27. Edward, 27. Margaret (Jones), 27. Blake, Mrs. Alphonsa, 327, 328,
329, 330. Bland, John R., 65.
Theodorick, 74, 403. Blaney, Lewis, 373, 377. Blanford, Tabitha (— ) Mills, 287, 288. Thomas, 287, 288. Blangey, Lewis, 290.
Mary ( — ) Bennet, 290. Blooded Eorses of Colonial Days,
Culver, 405. Bloomfield, John, 279, 280. Blunt, Anne, 279.
Anne Nash, 281. Grace (Harrington), 282. Richard, 279, 281, 282. Boden, John, 244. Bodkin, James, 371. "Bold Venture," 117. Bond, Eleanor (Gwin), 221, 222, 223, 224, 225. Peter, 222, 223, 224, 225,
227, 236. Thomas, 140, 214. William, 222, 231, 234. "Bond's Addition," 236. "Bond's Increase," 227, 236. "Bond's Interest," 236. Bonnam, Anne (— ), 380, 382.
William, 380, 382. Booker, Ann ( — ) Price, 385.
John, 385. Boorman, James, 382.
William, 382. Bootheby, Edward, 385.
Elizabeth (— ) Utie Johnson, 385. Bordley, Thomas, 366, 367. Boring, John, 290, 291. Boucher, Rev. Jonathan, 7. Bouchet, Charles J., 67 Bouchier, Roger, 386. Bouldon, Alexander J., 148. Boulton, Daniel,, 293. Bourman, Anna ( — ) Staples, 380, 382. Robert, 380, 382. Bowdre, Julien L., Jr., elected, 394. Bower, Christopher, 114. Bowin, William, 375. Beach, Elias, 22. Bowline, John, 375.
Boyce, Heyward E., 65. Roger, 134, 135. "Boyces," 134, 135. Boyd, Anne, 279.
Anne Neale, 279. Bozman, John Leeds, 334. Bradford, Francis (Fowke), 13.
John, 367, 368. Bradley, Robert, 368. Bradshaw, Anne, 3, 4.
Isabel (Kinnersley ) , 3, 4. John, 3, 4. Bragg, Margaret, 198. Brasseur, Benjamin, 280, 285.
Martha, 280, 285. Braxton, Carter, 342. Brazier, Elizabeth (Fowke), 12.
Zechariah, 12. Bread, Jane ( — ) Matthews, 283,
285. Brent, Ann (— ) Brooke, 373. Anne, 190, 389, 391. Anne (Calvert) Brooke, 190. Elizabeth (Reed), 190. Fulke, 190. (Giles, 190. Hannah, 192. Henry, 190. Hewn, 373. Margaret, 190. Mary, 190. Richard, 190. Brerewood, Charlotte (Calvert), 57. Francis, 57. Thomas, 57. " Brewoode and Gunston," 3. Brice, Sarah, 244. Bridgeforth, Sarah A. (Fowke), 15. Bridges, Josiah, 111. Bridgewater, Scrope Egerton, duke
of, 58. Bright, Cecily (— ), 296, 298.
Thomas, 296, 298. Brightwell, Richard, Capt., 107,
108, 110, 111, 115, 125. Brinson, John, 283.
Thomas, 286. Bristol (ship), 361. Britain Ridge Forest, 118, 119. Broad, Barbara ( — ) Garrett, 116.
Thomas, 116. Broad Creek. 120, 130, 131. Broad Run, 140. Broadnox, Mary, 297. Brockhurst, William, 370. Broening, William F., Mayor, 395. Brooke, Ann ( — ), 373.
INDEX.
413
Brooke, Anne (Calvert), 190. Baker, 190, 290, 373.
— (Eden), lady, 58. Dorothy, 382. Elinor (Hatton), 25. Elizabeth (Thompson), 188. James, 382.
John, 283.
Rebecca (Isaack), 283, 285.
Robert, 188.
Roger, 382.
Thomas, Major, 25, 189. Brooklandville, 136. Brooks, John, 145. "Broomes Bloom," 140, 143. " Brotherly Love," 243. Brown, Alexander, 6, 9.
Ann ( — ), 374, 376.
— (Clarkson), 279, 280. Dorothy, 2.
Elizabeth (Smith), 199. Enoch, 199.
Francis (Fowke), 12. Gustavus, Dr., 12. John, 279, 280. John, Sir, 2. Katharine, 292, 295. Kirk, 68.
Nicholas, 374, 376. Peregrine, 114, 292. Browne, B. Bernard, M.D., 66, 78, 259. Joshua, 244. P. J., 220. Thomas, 127. Browning, John, 58.
Louisa (Calvert), 58. Buchanan, Andrew, 261.
Eleanor, 214, 228. George, Dr., 214, 228,
230. James, 166. John, 62. Buck, Albert H., elected, 397.
John, 147. Buckall, Mary (— ) IWheelock, 283,
287. Bucknall, Mary (— ), 373.
Thomas, 373, 375. Bunbury, Anne, 12.
Thomas, 12. Burbram, John, 140. Burdett, Sarah, 11. Burgess, Anne, 280.
Anne Fisher, 282. William, 141, 142, 280, 282.
Burgess's Branch, 141, 143. Burnell, Mrs. Jane, 367. Burnett, Edmund C, 404. Burrus, Catherine Julia (Pearce), 321. J. L.,' M. D., 321. Busey, Paul, 374.
Susannah, 374. Bush River, 132, 138, 139. Bush River Neck, 211. Butler, — , 156.
Elizabeth (Wroth) Mynne,
54. Henry, 214, 215, 217, 218,
230, 232, 245. Irwin E., 64. J. G. Rev., 404. Nicholas, 54. Butter am, William, 128. Buttram, Jane (— ), 373, 378.
Nicholas, 373, 378. Bynam's Run, 128, 140. Byrne, Michael, 148.
Cabbin Branch, 141. Cage, John, 293.
Susannah (— ), 293. "Calarney," 128. Calhoun, John C, 335. Calvert see also Baltimore, lords. The Calvert Family. John Bailey Calvert Nicklin, 50, 189, 313, 389. Calvert Family Memorabilla.,
386 ff. Calvert, Ada (Fairfax), 193. Albert, 196.
Alicia (Crossland), 51. Alonzo Pulliam, 197. Amanda Carr, 200. Amanda (iHenniman),201. Amelia Isabella, 316. America Virginia, 196. Anna Maria, 200. Anne, 54, 56, 57, 191, 194,
195. Anne (Arundell), Lady
Baltimore, 55, 389. Anne (Askin), 198. Anne Beck, 390, 391. Anne B. (Mosby), 201. Anne (Brent), 190, 389,
391. Anne (Crupper), 193, 197,
390. Anne Frances, 201. Anne (Jennings) Norman,
201. Anne (Mynne), 391.
414
MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Calvert, Anne Nancy Beck, 198,
390. Anne Nancy Beck (Cal- vert), 198, 390. Anne (Notley), 192. Anne Strother, 199. Anne Wolseley, 55. Ariana, Sl^. Barbara, 57. Barbara (Kirke), 191. Benedict, 50, 58, 313, 314,
317, 318. Benedict Leonard, Gov., 5i7,
317, 386, 387, 388, 391. Benjamin, 201. Benjamin Franklin, 195,
390, 391, 393. Bernard Carson, 196. Bernard Yancey, 201. Burr, 193. Caldwell Carr, 200. Caroline, 58. Caroline Maria, 315. Catherine, 198. Catherine Ann ( Taylor ) ,
196, 393. Catherine Anne, 197, 393. Cecil, 56, 201. Cecilius, 57, 193, 195, 19S,
315, 388, 390, 391. Charles, 56, 58, 191, 192,
315, 335, 392, 393. Charles, Gov., 252, 314,
317, 318. Charles Baltimore, 316,
317. iCharles Benedict, 316, 317. Charles Leonard, 196. Charlotte, 57. Charlotte Auofusta, 317. Charlotte Augusta ( Nor-
ris), 316. Charlotte (Lee), Lady
Baltimore, 57, 389. IClare, 56. Cornelia IRussell (Knight ) ,
317. Cornelius, 192. Diana Egerton, lady, 389. Delia, 195. Dorothy, 54. Edward, 199. Edward Green, 393. Edward Henry, 57, 315. Edward Pendleton, 199. Eleanor, 314. Eleanor Gibson, 316. Eleanor (Macubin), 316.
Calvert, Elizabeth, 54, 56, 58, 191,
192, 193, 195, 196, 198,
199, 201, 3)15, 318, 371,
392. Elizabeth (Biscoe), 315. Elizabeth (Calvert), 58,
314, 318. Elizabeth (Doyne), 192,
390, 391. Elizabeth (Harrison), 193,
390, 391. Elizabeth Lovell, 200. Elizabeth Lovell (Carr),
200. Elizabeth Priscilla, 199. Elizabeth Stewart, 317. Elizabeth Stone, 191, 318,
390, 391. Ella, 316. Elvira, 196.
Elvira (Calvert), 196. Elvira, Jane, 393. Elvira Jane (Calvert ) , 393. Emily, 196. Emily Catherine, 196. Eugenia Stier, 316. Frances Dorothy, 58. Frances (Seyboldt), 316. Frances (Tabor), 199. Francis, 54, 192. Gabriel, 195. George, 54, 56, m ff., 315,
318, 389, 390, 391, 392,
393. George, Jr., 190, 193. George Edward, 201. George Henry, 315, 316,
317. George Ralls, Judge, 199. George Washington, 195,
390, 391, 393. Gettie, 195. Grace, 54.
Grace (Crossland), 51. Hannah, 195, 19'8. Hannah (Brent), 192. Hannah (Neale), 192. Helen, 55.
Helen Chapman, 315. Hellen (Bailey), 194, 201. Henrietta, 195. Henry, 54.
Henry Joseph Albert, 316. Hester Virginia, 317. Jacob, 196. 197. James, 192. James Gabriel, 393. James Lockhart, 199.
INDEX.
415
Calvert, James Madison, 196, 390,
391, 393. Jane, 57, 193, 198, 371,
388. Jane (Harrison), 392. Jane (Lowe) Sewall, Lady
Baltimore, 56, 389. Jane (Portlow), 57, 193,
198. Jane (Sewall), 317. Jeremiah Strother, 198. Jesse, 204. Jesse B., 204. Jessie, 201. John, 51, 55, 192, 193, 194,
195, 198, 201, 315, 390,
391, 392, 393. John Jett, 201. John Quincey, 196, 393. John Ralls, 201. John Strother, 195, 199,
390, 391. Joseph, 192. Joseph Carr, 200. Jules van Havre, 316. Julia, 316.
Katherine Kennerley, 199. Landon Ralls, 200. Laura (Hunt), 316. Leonard, 315. Leonard, Gov., 23, 50, 51,
154, 519, 189, 190, 389,
390, 391. Lillie May, 196. Louisa, 58. Lucy, 199, 202. Lydia, 194, 198. Lydia (Beck), 199. Lydia (Beck) Ralls, 197,
201. Margaret, 197. Margaret ( Charleton ) La- dy Baltimore, 56. Margaret (Lee), 57. Margaretta, 50. Mariah, 198. Marie Louise, 315, 316. Martha, 199. Martha Frances, 199. Martha Virginia, 393. Mary, 51, 56, 19'2, 194,
199. Marv Anne, 196, 198. Mary (Banks) Thorpe, 56. Mary (Calvert), 192. Mary (Darnall), Lady
Baltimore, 56. Mary (Deatherage), 193.
Calvert, Mary Elizabeth, 196, 393. Mary (Ferguson), 196. Mary Frances (Hughes),
201. Mary Frances (Jenkins),
199. Mary Howson, 191. Mary (Jannsen), 313. Mary ( Jannsen ) , Lady
Baltimore, 58, 389. Mary Landon Armistead
(Rosser), 200. Mary Malisa Taylor, 196. Mary Rosser, 200. Mary ( Strother ) Deather- age, 198. Mary Virginia, 201. Mary Wade (iStrother),
198. Mathew James Preston
Hughes, 201. Nancy (Beck), 391. Nancy Beck, 195. Nancy Beck (Calvert), 195. Obed, 193, 204. Olivia Jane, 200. Patsey, 199.
Philip, 51, 55, 315, 317. Priscilla (Smither), 198. Ralls, 197, 198, 199. Rebecca, 314. Rebecca (Calvert), 314. Rebecca (Gerrard), 318. Richard, 191. Richard Creagh Macubin,
317. Robert, 192, 315. Robert Singleton, 200. Rosalie Eugenia, 315, 316. Rosalie Eugenia (Stier),
315. Rosalie Eugenia Stier, 317. Samuel, 196. Samuel Ralls, 195, 19€,
199, 201, 393. Sarah, 191, 192, 194, 195,
198, 392. Sarah Anne, 195, 201, 393. Sarah Anne (Calvert),
195, 196, 393. Sarah (Bailey), 194, 390. Sarah Elizabeth, 196. Sarah (Harrison), 193. Sarah Hunt, 199. 'Sarah Virginia, 196. Susan Catherine, 393. Susan Gertrude, 196. Susan Sophia, 199.
416
MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Calvert, Thomas, 192, 193, 392. Thomas Hughes, 201. IWalter, 201.
William, 190, 191, 192, 193, 297, 315, 318, 390, 391, 3^2. William Lancelot Stroth-
er, 199. William Norris, 316. William Wood, 393. Willie Anne (Woods), 195,
390, 393. Ziba, 195, 390, 391. Ziba Jesse, 393. Ziba Milton, 196. Calvert Arms, 50. Calvert City, Texas, 192. Calvert County, Md., 362, 368. Calvert's Bay, 191. "Calvert's Eest," 191. Cammell, Elizabeth (— ), 370.
John, 370. Camp Chapel Road, 146. Campbell, — , 173.
OB. U., 332. Duncan G., 316. Ella (Calvert), 316. Cannon, William, 252. Canon, Henrietta ( — ) Swanson, 297, 298. Thomas, 297, 298. Capek, Thomas, 405. Carberry, John Baptist, 383. Carleton, Thomas, 285, 286. Carmeday, Ann (— ), 374, 378.
William, 374, 378. Carmichael, William, Sr., 327. William, Jr., 327. Carnan, Christopher, 113. Carney, Baltimore Co., Md., 143. Carpenter, Thomas, Capt., 361. Carr, Delia (Strother), 200. Elizabeth Lovell, 200. John, 392. Joseph, 200. Carrington, Henry, 244. Carroll, Charles, 383, 384.
Charles, Dr., 67, 240, 241,
243, 254, 258. Charles, of Annapolis, 224,
225, 226, 228, 229. Charles, of Cnrrollton, 119, 127, 215, 216, 219, 220, 221, 225, 226, 228, 231, 242, 301, 302, 303, 305, 308, 309, 312, 313, 346, 347, 349, 350. Charles, harrister, 67, 139,
209, 225, 226, 239, 245, 248, 262, 263, 264, 265, 277, 340, 346, 347, 349, 350. Daniel, 226, 228, 301, 302,
'304. James, 134, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227, 234, 235, 236, 237. John, Bp., 305. iMartha ( — ) Underwood,
383, 384. Mary (Darnall), 301. Nicholas, 236, 237. Nicholas C, 226. Polly, 301, 302, 303, 305, 311, 312. Caeeoll Papees, 29. Carroll Park, 235, 239. " CarroUton," 307. Carse, Robert, 119. "Carses Forest," 119, 136, 137. Carter, Charles Henry, 315.
John Tasker, 219, 220. Mildred, 316.
Rosalie Eugenia (Calvert), 315. Carvill, Thomas, 371. Cary, W. Gibson, 316.
Wilson M., 27. Case of the " Good Intent," 60. Cassey, Elizabeth ( — ) Bar den, 296.
James, 295. Cater, Miss — , 16. Catherine (ship), 362. Catholics in Maryland, 362, 363,
364. Caton, Isabel (Chaffers), 300. John, 299. Joseph, 300. Louise, 312. Mary, 312.
Polly (Carroll), 311, 312. Richard, 299 jf. Richard, Dr., 301. Robert, 299. Thomas, 299. Walter de, 299. William, 300. Catonsville, Md., 304, 305, 307. Catonsvtlle Biographies. George
C. Keidel, 299. Cator, Franklin P., 65. Catterton, Frances, 380.
John, 380. Cavendish. Anne, 56. Cecil, Joshua, 132. Cecil County, Md., 362.
INDEX.
417
"Cecilia Adventure," 132. "Cedar Hill," 11. "Cellsed," 136. Chadbourne, William, 280. Chadwell, John, 284, 292, 294.
Katharine (— ), 284, 292, 294. Chaffers, Isabel, 300. Chamberlain, John, 134, 135. Chamberlaine, James Lloyd, 261. Chambers, Ezekiel Forman, 151, 154, 156, 161, 168, 332. Magruder, 157. Chamblin, Olivia Jane (Calvert) 200. William, 200. Champe, Solomon, 383. "Chancellor's Point," 51, 64. Chandler, Ann ( Thoroughgood ) , 6. Anne, 5, 9, 11. Elizabeth (— ), 371, 372. "George, 12. Job, 4, 5, 6. Mary, 379. (Richard, 8, 371, 372. Chapline, Isaac, Capt., 51. John, 51.
Mary (Calvert), 51. William, 51. Chapman, Barbara ( — ), 374, 375. Charles, 375. J. G., 335, 337, 338, 339. John, 15, 139. Eichard, 374. Sallie (Fowke), 15. "Chapman's Fellowship," 139. Charles I, king of Crreat Britain,
364. Charles II, king of Great Britain,
57. Charles County, Md., 8, 107, 108,
109, 362, 368. Charles's Eun, 227, 228, 229. Charleton, Margaret, 56.
Thomas, 56. Chase, Samuel, 261, 263, 264, 267,
276, 340 j5f. " Chatsworth," 215, 248. Chestnut Eidge, 139. Chesney, Joseph D., elected, 394. Chester (frigate), 357, 359. " Chew's Vineyard," 259. Chincoth, Eichard, 135. Chisholm, Medora Jessie May (Fowke), 16. W. W., 16. Christeson, Elizabeth, 292.
Christeson, Elizabeth ( — ), 292.
Wenlock, 292. Christian, John, 212. "Christian's Deary," 212, 213. "Christopher's Camp," 141, 143. Chumbly, Barbara ( — ) Culles, 374. Francis, 374. Church of England in Maryland,
182. Churchville, 138. Cilley, Jonathan, 152. Clagett, Mary, 280. Claiborne, William, 23. Clark, J. H., 174. Samuel, 147. Walter L., elected, 397. "Clark's Chance Enlarged," 148. Clarke, J. L., Capt., 74.
John, 280, 281, 376. Mrs. John Elly, 281. Eichard, 357, 358. Clarkson, Miss, 280.
Eobert, 279, 280. Clay, Henry, 158, 335. "Cleehill," 130. Clements, John, 292.
Mary (Derumple), 293. Cleverly, Ann, 374.
Thomas, 374. Clift, Eliza (Fowke), 14, Clifton Park, 114. Clipsham, Susannah ( — ) Cage, 293. Thomas, 293. Clock er, Daniel, 383.
Patience ( — ), 383. Cloud, Mary, 198. Cochrane, Caroline (Toney), 200. Caroline Toney, 200. John, 200. Cockerell, Ann, 374. John, 374. Cockey, John, 136.
Thomas, 248. William, 135. "Cockey's Folley," 135. "Cockey's Eegulation," 248. " Cockey's Trust," 135, 136. Coiners, Elizabeth, 4. " Cold Comfort," 254. Cole, Ann ( — ) Medley, 286. Anne, 284.
John, 116, 118, 119, 218, 242, Mabella, 2.
Margaret (— ), 374, 378. Margaret ( — ) Eochford. 292. 294.
418
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Cole, Ralph, Sir, 2.
Robert, 284, 2&6. Skipwith, 252.
William, 292, 294, 374, 378. William R., 64. "Cole's Addition," 118, 119. "Coles' Adventure," 214, 218, 219. "Cole's Chance," 242. "Cole's Choice," 118. "Cole's Harbour," 215, 216, 242. Colegate, Richard, 368. "Colegate's Creek," 215. Collett, Elizabeth ( — ), 293. Henry, 385. John, 385. William, 385. CoUett's Creek, 242. Collier, John, 380, 381.
Sarah ( — ), 380, 381. Colonel Geibabd Fowke. Gerard
Fowke, 1. "Colonial Church Silver of Mary- land," 74. Colston, George A., 66. Comagys, Cornelius, 290, 291.
Mary ( — ) Kenneday, 290, 291. Combes, Abraham, 371, 372.
Margaret ( — ) Fishwick, 371, 372. " Come-by-Chance," 120. Committee of Accounts Journal,
1708, 366, 367. Compton, Key, elected, 397.
Mrs. Key, elected, 397. ConeStoga Road, 258. Confederate Soldiers' Home, Pikes-
ville, Md., 205. Conkling, William H., Jr., elected,
63. Connoly, Elizabeth Catherine (Nick- lin), 203, 393. Espy, 203, 393. Conory, Edward, 284, 285.
Mary, 284, 285. Constable, Henry, 297, 298, 380, 382. Katharine { — ) Rigby, 297, 298, 380. 382. Contee, John, Col, 359, 360. Continental Congress, Letters of
the — . Burnett, 404. Continental Money, 269, 270. Coode, John, 367.
William, 180. Cook's Tavern, 249. Cooke, Anne, 371.
Edward, 288, 289, 295. Elizabeth, 281, 284.
Cooke, Katharine ( — ) Winsmore, 288, 289, 295. Ralph, 370. Thomas, 371. Coonan, Edward V., 219, 236. Copas, John, 113. Copidge, Edward, 290, 291. Copley, Lionel, Gov., 181, 186.
Thomas, 19, 20, 22. Cornell, Joseph, 374, 379.
Margaret ( — ) Worrall, 374, 379. Corner, Thomas C, 65, 395. Corwin, Thomas, 155, 162, 165, 167. Cosden, Alphonso, 374. Elizabeth, 374. Elizabeth (Thompson)
Brooke, 188. Margaret, 374. Thomas, 188, 374. William, 374. Cotton, Jane Baldwin. Notes from the Early Records of Maryland, 279, 369. Cotton, Andrew, 191. Joane, 191. Verlinda, 191. William, D.D., 191. Coulter, Mathew, 213. Council of Safety, 1776, 262 jgp.,
343^. " Counterscarpe," 119. Court of Admiralty, 343. Court Road, 135, 146, 147. Coventon, Anne ( — ), 297.
Nehemia, 297. Covington, Thomas, 367. Cowen, John, 141. Cox, Charles, 385. Coxe, Anne (Calvert), 195. David J., Capt., 195. Crabb, Thomas, 368. "Craddock place," 214. Crane, Lucv, 203.
William, 153. Cranford, Martha ( — ), 374, 375.
Nathaniel, 374, 375. Craver, George, 198.
Jane (Calvert), 198. Crawford, James, 141. Crayker, Mary ( — ) Sealev, 374, 378. Samuel, 374, 378. Credwell, George, 288, 289.
Mary (— ), 288, 289. Creswell, 141.
Crewe, Charlotte (Lee) Calvert, lady, 57.
INDEX.
419
Crewe, Christopher, 57. Crisfield, Arthur, 321, 324, 325.
Charlotte Augusta Len- nox (Pearce), 321. J. W., 321. Crittenden, John J., 163, 167. Croft, Anne ( — ), 374, 377.
Robert, 374, 377. Cromwell, Joseph, 214.
Oliver, 229, 238. Thomas, 117, 213. Cromwell's Bridge, 134, 135, 143. "Cromwell's Island," 213. Crook, James, 126. Crooke, John, 374, 377.
Sarah (— ), 374, 377. Crooked Lane, 242. Croshaw, Elizabeth ( — ) Russell, 297, 298. William, 297, 298, 371, 372. Crossland, Alicia, 51. Grace, 51. Joanna ( Hawkswor th ) ,
51. Roger, 51. Thomas, 51. Crowe, — , 388.
Crowley, Anne ( — ) Wilson, 292, 295. iBryan, 292, 295. "Crowley's First Venture," 247. Croxall, Richard, 123. Cruikshank, Dr., 153. Crupper, Anne, 193, 197, 390.
Gilbert, 193. Cub Cabin Branch, 133, 141, 142,
143. " iCub Hill," 141, 142, 143, 144. CuUes, Barbara ( — ), 374.
Charles, 374. Culling, Thomas, 137. Culver, Francis Barnum, 66, 395, 405. Henry, 384.
Rebecca (— ) Finch, 384. Cumming's New Buildings, 249. Cupper, Dorothy, 3, 4.
John, 3. Curtis, Michael, 385.
Sarah (— ), 385. Custis, Daniel Parke, 314.
Eleanor (Calvert), 314. Eleanor Parke, 314. Elizabeth Parke, 314. George Washington Parke,
315. .John Parke, Col., 314.
Custis, Martha, 314.
Martha Parke, 314.
Mary Anne Randolph, 315. The Czechs {Bohemians) in Amer- ica. Capek, 405.
Dabney, Susannah, 193, 198.
" Danby Wiske," 51.
Dandy, Robert, 284.
Daniel, Thomas, 375, 377.
" Daniel's Whimsey," 247.
" Darbyshire," 117, 213.
Dare, Nathaniel, 368.
"Darley Hall," 114, 117, 118, 119.
" Darley Path," 118, 119.
Darnall, Mrs., 381.
Elinor (Hatton) Brooke,
25. Henry, Col., 25, 28. John, 144, 147, 374, 375,
383 Mary,' 56, 301. Ralph, 56.
Rebecca (— ), 374, 375. Susannah ( — ), 383. "Darnall's Camp," 143, 144, 146,
148, 149. " Darnall's Sylvania," 143, 146, 147,
148. Darrell, Mrs. Cavendish, elected,
394. Dartmouth, Lord, 264, 270. Davis, — , 283, 284.
Abigale, 295. Eliza, 280. Elizabeth, 284, 374. Gregory, 121. Humphrey, 296. Jefferson, 171, 172, 173. .John, 281, 282. Mary, 281, 282. Rebecca (— ), Baill, 283,
284. Robert, 374.
W. W., Dr., elected, 397. Zoe Ammen, 317. Davison, Miss C. V., 75. Dawkins, Elizabeth, 385. Joseph, 375. Margaret, 375. Walter, Judge, 67, 68. Dawson, Elizabeth, 59. Dav, Edward, 370, 371.
Jane ( — ) Walker, 370, 371. Deacon, Mary (Neale) Egerton Adderton van Swearingen,
191. William, 191. Dead Run, 120, 243.
420
MAEYLAISTD HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Deane, Sarah (— ) Warrin, 290, 292. William, 290, 292. Deatherage, Mary, 193.
Mary (Maddox), 194. Mary (Strother), 198. Robert, 193, 194, 198. Deaver, Antell, 141. Declaration of Independence, 264,
347, 348, 353. Declaration of the Delegates of
Maryland, 348. Deep Creek, 126. "Deep Hole Farm," 193, 197, 198,
389, 390. "Deep Run," 136. Deer Creek, 118, 128, 129, 130 flf. " Deer Creek Road," 137. "Deer Park," 213. Deering's Cove, 240. Defence (ship), 269. Delaplaine, Edward S. The Life
of Thomas Johnson, 260, 340. Delaplaine, Edward S., elected, 63. " Delaware Bottom," 253. Delaware Falls, 253. Delaware Falls of Patapsco, 208. Delaware Indians, 252, 253. " Delphian Club Records," 74. Dely, Bryan, 371. Demmett, Thomas, 218. Demmitt, John, 214. Demondidier, Anthony, 254, 257. Dennis, Ann, 379.
Samuel K., 66. Dent, Elizabeth (Fowke), 4, 5, 11. John, 261.
John, Gen., 350, 351. Rebecca Addison, 283. Thomas, 283. William, 4, 5, 11. Denton, Henry, 115. James, 284. Derrick, Mary, 22. Derumple, Mary, 292, 293. de Vere, Alice, 2.
Sir Baldwin, 2. "Devil's Dancing Ground," 211. "Devil's Woodyard," 211. Deye, Thomas Cockey, 302. Dick, Elisha Cullen, M. D., 319. Hannah (Harmon), 319. Dickerson, Caroline Hewlett (Fowke), 16. William H., ]6. Dickinson, Hyram, 129.
John, 340, 342, 349. Dielman, Louis Henry, 66, 76, 395, 396, 397.
Dillon's Field, 249.
Dines, Mary (— ), 293, 294.
Thomas, 293, 294. Dinwiddle, Elizabeth, 12. Dipper Creek, 127. "Discovery," 224. Divers, Annanias, 147. Dixon, Thomas, 374.
Sarah (— ), 374. Dogwood Branch, 230. Done, John H., 156. Patrick, 373. Donley, Mary Anne (Sharp), 196.
Taylor Mason, 196. Donnavan, Darby, 371. Dooley, John, 141. Dorchester County, Md., 362. Dorrell, Christian ( — ) Petersen, 375, 377. Nicholas, 375, 377. Paul, 383. Dorrington, Dorothy ( — ) Robin- eon, 280, 281. Francis, 384. Dorsey, Edward, Major, 384. John, 147, 384. John L., 334, 335. Vernon M., 64. " Double Run," 144, 149. "Doughoregan Manor," 127. Dover Road, 257.
Dowell, Mrs. George, elected, 394. Doxey, Thomas, 281, 282. Doyne, Elizabeth, 192, 390, 391. Drew, Anthony, 380, 385. Druid Hill Park, 120. Duane, James, 342. Dublin, Harford Co., 130, 131. Duck Creek, 127. Duke, Christopher, 145. " Dukes Pallace," 145. Dulany, Daniel, the elder, 179, 226, 228 Lloyd', 43, 44. Waiter, 45. Dttlany Papers, 43. " Dulany's Park Resurveyed," 134. Dulany's Vallev Turnpike, 135. Dunderdall, William, 385. Dunham, Francis Lee, M. D., 64. Dunken, Jane ( — ), 380.
Patrick, 380. Dunmore, John Murray, 4:th earl,
270, 276, 277, 351. Dunn, Joana ( — ) , 290, 292, John, 253. 296. Robert, 290. Duram, Alice ( — ) Furnace, 370. Richard, 370.
INDEX.
421
Durand, Eliza Davis, 280.
William, 280. Durbin, Samuel, 137. Duvall, Richard M., 64, 65, 66. Dysor, Philip, 383.
Eager, Mary ( — ) Bucknall, 373,
375. Earle, Anne {— ) Ayres, 295, 296. Swepson, 66. Thomas, 295, 296^ Earpe, Thomas, 244. Eastham, Susan, 202. Eaton, William, 297. Ebden, William, 239. Eccleston, John B., Judge, 161. Eden, Caroline (Calvert), 58.
Robert, Gov., 58, 262, 263, 264, 270, 279, 340, 342. Timothy Calvert, Sir, 58. William, 264, 270. Edloe, Jeane, 284. Joseph, 284. Edmonds, Elizabeth ( — ) Hazle- wood Gibson, 385. Richard, 385. Edmondson, Joseph, 2. Edwards, Ann, 284. Anne, 5. Hannah (— ) Pot, 284,
286, 288, 297, 298. Moses, 111. Richard, 297, 298. " Edwards' Enlargement," 113. "Edwards' Lott," 113. "Edwards' Run," 113. Egerton, Charles, 8r., 191. Charles, Jr., 191. Diana, Lady, 58, 389 Mary (Neale), 191. Scrope, Duke of Bridge- water, 58. Egremont, Charles Wyndham, Earl, 59. George Francis Wynd- ham, Earl, 59. " Elio Carroll," 121. Eliot, Lawrence, 56.
Margaret (Charlton) Cal- vert, 56. Elk Ridge Landing, 230, 231, 234. Elk Ridge Road, 235, 240, 241. Elledge, Joseph, 117. Ellicott, Andrew, 246, 248, 249. John, 246, 248, 249. Joseph, 246, 248, 249. Nathaniel, 246, 248, 249, Ellicott City, 244, 246, 258, 259. Ellicott's Lower Mills, 244, 246,
Ellicott's Mills, 227.
Ellicott's Upper Mills, 245, 246,
248 249. Elliott, Henry, 290, 291.
Jane (— ) Half head, 290, 291. Ellis, Elizabeth ( — ) Palmer, 290, 291. James, 375, 379. Mary (— ) Welsh, 375, 379. Peter, 290, 291. Elly, — Clarke, 280. John, 280, 281. "Ely O'Carroll," 119, 136. Emery, Elsa (von Moltke) countess, 203, 393, 394. Frederick Strother, 203, 393,
394. John Nelson, 203, 393. Joseph, 203, 394. Mary Marshall ( Nicklin ) ,
203, 393. Mary Virginia, 203, 394. Eminson, Tobias, 244. Emmorton, Md., 140. Emory, Frederick, 174.
William H., 170, 172, 176, 177, 178. Emson, James, 374, 375.
Rebecca ( — ) Darnall, 374, 375. Endowment Fund, 69, 75. Enoch, Richard, 126. Ensor family, 116. Ensor, Jane, 119.
John, 114, 118, 119, 247. Errington, Capt., 60. Estes, Elizabeth (Calvert), 201.
George, 201. Eustis, Elizabeth (— ), 375.
James, 375. Evans, Alexander, 323. Benjamin, 375. Jacob, 120.
John, 293, 295, 380, 382. Margaret, 370. Mary (— ), 375, 380, 382. Sarah, 380.
Sarah (— ) White, 293, 295. Thomas, 380. William, Col, 25. " Everly Hills," 128. Evinges, Sarah ( — ) White, 284,
287. Ewings, John, 132. " Ewings' Luck," 132. Extracts feom the Cabboll Papers, 29.
422
MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Extracts feom the Dulany
Papers, 43. Eyton, Anne, 3.
Fairbrother, Jane ( — ) Mitchell, 380. John, 380. William, 382. Fairfax, Adah, 193. Fallon, William B., elected, 63. Falls Road, 137.
Fanning, Jane (Jean) ( — ), 375, 379. John,'375, 379. Farmer, Elizabeth, 280. Mary, 280. Michael, 280. Farmer's Ford, 137. " Feather-bed Lane," 210. Felkes, Edward, 143, 144. Felks' Branch, 143, 144. Fell, Edward, 117, 216. "Fell's Footing," 117. Fell's Mill, 243. "Fell's Point," 116. "Fellowship," 115. Felt, Agnes (McNulty), 406.
Dorr Eugene, 406. Felton, John, 281, 282. Ferguson, Jane ( — ) Dunken, 380.
Mary, 196. Ferry Bar, 215, 243, 245. Ferry Point, 215. Fessenden, William P., 177, 178,
234. Finch, Guy, 384.
Henry, 384. Rebecca, 384. First Cabin Branch, 136, 138, 139.
142, 143, 144, 145, 149. Fisher, — , 280.
Anne ( — ) Burgess, 280, 282. Henry, 284. Katharine. 284. Robert, 284. William, 130. " Fisher's Delight," 130. Fishwick, Edward, 296, 297, 371, 372. Margaret ( — ) Bassett, 296, 297, 371, 372. Fittes, Missouri, 16. Fitz Haut, Piers, 54. Fitzgerald, James, 57.
Margaret (Lee) Calvert, 57. Fitzhugh, Anne (Randolph), 315.
George, 46, 48, 49, 50,
134. Mary Lee, 315.
Fitzhugh, William, Col, 315.
Henry Maynadier, Dr., elected, 397. Fitzpatrick, Benjamin, 177, 178. FitzRoy, Lady Charlotte, 57. Fletcher, Benjamin, Gov., 184. Foake, see Fowke. Fok, see Fowke. Fookes, see Fowke. Fooks, see Fowke. Ford, Benjamin, 265, 266. '•' Ford Bottom," 252. '• Forest of Bucks," 139. Fork, Md., 210.
Fork of Gunpowder River, 129, 134. Forrest, Elizabeth, 284.
Patrick, 284, 286. " Fort Garrison," 123. Fossaker, Mary, 11.
Richard, Capt., 11. Foster, E. Edmunds, 65.
Frederick, elected, 397.
Reuben, elected, 397. Foster's Fancy, 238. Fottrell, Edward, Dr., 216. Fouke, Foulk, Foulque, Fouque, see
Fowke. Fountain Green, 141. Fowke, Gerard. Colonel Gerard
Fowke, 1. Fowke, Abraham, 7.
Adam, 4, 5, 11.
Agnus (Newman), 3.
Alice (de Vere), 2.
— (Allin), 14.
Ann ( — ) Chandler, 4.
Anne, 8, 12, 14, 16.
Anne (Allen) Lady, 3.
Anne (Bradshaw), 3, 4.
Anne (Bunbury), 12.
Anne Bunbury, 15.
Anne (Chandler), 5, 9, 11.
Anne ( Eyton ) , 3.
Anne (Fowke), 16.
Ann (Rogers) , 14.
Anne (Stone), 12.
Anne (Thoroughgood)
Chandler, 5, 6. Anphel, 13 Arabella ( Beauchamp ) ,
Lady, 2.
— (Bronaugh), 12. Caroline, 15. Caroline Hewlett, 16. Caroline S., 16. Cassandra ( Humphristone ) ,
3, 4. Cater, 17.
— (Cater), 16. Catherine, 12.
INDEX.
423
Fowke, Catherine Elizabeth, 17. Chandler, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13. Clarence, 17.
Dorothy (Brown) , Lady, 2. Dorothy (Cupper), 3, 4. Eliza, 14. Elizabeth, 4, 5, 11, 12, 13,
15, 18. Elizabeth (— ), 380, 381. Elizabeth (Coiners), 4. Elizabeth (Dinwiddle), 12. Elizabeth Dinwiddle, 14, Ella Hite, 16. Ellen (Jenkins), 14. Enfield, 13. Frances, 12, 13. Francis, 3, 4, 8. Frank Rede, 3, 4.
— (Frazier), 12. Frederick, 17. George, 13, 14, 16. Gustaviis Ford, 16. (Hanitta Amelia, 16. — • (Hanson), 15. Harrison, 17. Henry, Sir, 2, 3. Herman, 380, 381.
— (Hite), 15. Hope(?), 6.
— (Hope) (?), 6. Isabel (West) Lady, 2. James, 17.
Jane, 12.
Jane (Fowke), 12.
Jane (Ravnsford), 3, 4.
Jean, 6, 11.
John, 3, 4, 13.
John, of Gunston, 3, 4.
John, Sir, 2.
John Cargill Allin. 16, 17.
John Sidneyham, 13, 14, 16.
Joseph Russell, 15.
Joyce (March), 4.
Judith, 13.
Julienne Paul, 16.
Katie, 15.
— (Lomax), 11. Lucy, 13, 15. Lucy B., 14.
Mabella (Cole) Lady, 2.
Marinda, 15.
Margery (Smith), 15, 17.
Marmaduke, Sir, 2.
Mary, 4. 5, 11, 13, 14, 17.
Mary (Bayley), 3, 4.
Mary C. 16.
Mary (Fossaker), 11.
Mary (Harrison), 12,
Mary J., 15.
Fowke, Medora Jessie May, 16.
Mirabell (Harrison) Lady,
3. Missouri (Fittes), 16. Nellie, 13. Orlando, Sir, 1.
— (Peachy), 13. (Penn), 16.
— (Price), 17.
— (Reeder), 15. Richard, 2, 3, 7, 12, 13, 14,
15, 288. 292. Richard Chandler, 14, 15,
16. Richard Clarence, 16. Richard S., 17. Robert, 4.
Robert Dinwiddle, 13. Roger, 3, 4, 5, 10, 12, 13,
14, 15, 17. Roy Talford, 17.
— (Rudd), 14. Sallie, 15.
Sallie (Hanson), 14. Samuel B., 14, 16. Sarah, 13. Sarah A., 15. Sarah (Bartlett), 13. Sarah (Burdett), 11. Sarah E., 15, 16. Sarah (Johnston), 13. Sarah Massilon, 16.
— (Stealey), 14. Susan, 15, 16. Susan (Baker), 13. Susan C, 15. Susan E. (Hite), 14. Susan (Hawes), 13. Susan Rosabelle, 16, Sxisannah, 12, 13. Talbot, 4.
Thaddeus Edgar, 17. Thomas, Sir, 2. Thomas Harrison, 13, 14. Valentine, 15. Verlinda Stone, 17.
— (Weaver) , 17. William, 2, 3, 12, 14. 15. William Augustus, 17. William Chandler, 14. William E., 16. William Peyton, 16. 17. William Thomas, 16.
" Fox's Old Mill," 143, 145. Foxcroft, — , 264. Foxon, Richard, 280. Foy, Andrew, 191.
Barbara (Kirke) Calvert, 191.
424
MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Francis, Sarah ( — ) Siaw, 282, 284, 286. Sarah Shaw, 282. Thomas, 284, 286, 289. Francum, Ann (— ), 297, 298.
Henry, 297, 298. Frankam, Annah ( — ), 288.
Henry, 288. Frankham, Annah ( — ■) , 288.
Henry, 288. Franklin, Benjamin, 260, 327, 342.
Mrs. Benjamin, elected, 64. Thomas, 241. Frazier, Miss — , 12. Frederick Road, 113, 234, 235, 236, Frederick Town, 350, 351. Frederick Turnpike Road, 234, 235. " Frederickstadt," 226. "Freedom," 140. Freeman, Francis, 126, 372. French, Michael, 130. Frick, George Arnold, 66. " Friend's Discovery," 120, 143. Frisby, — , 187. Frock, John, 244. Frowicke, Elizabeth, 54. Fulk, see Fowke. Fuller, Edward, 375, 378. John, 140.
Sarah (— ), 375, 378. Fulton, Robert, 337. Furbey, Hannah ( — ) Baxter, 371, 372. Thomas, 371, 372. Furnace, Alice ( — ), 370.
Honora ( — ), 381, 382. Nicholas, 370. William, 381, 382. Furnace Creek, 240.
Gadsden, Christopher, 340, 342. Gale, Walter R., elected, 67. Gall, George, Major, 368. Gallion, John, 141. Gamball, William, 379. "Gardeson," 114. Gardiner, Christopher, 248.
Elizabeth, 22.
Elizabeth (Hatton), 25, 26.
Elizabeth (Weire), 27, 28.
John, 22, 26, 27, 248.
Julian, 22, 23.
Luke, Capt., 19 f.
Richard, 20;5F.
Thomas, 26. Gardiner's Wading-place, 248.
Garnett, see Gardiner. Garrett, Barbara, 116.
Dennis, 115, 116.
James, 281, 282.
Johanna (Peake) , 281, 282.
John, 403.
Robert, 403.
Mrs. T. Harrison, 401, 402, 403. Garrettson, Ruthen, 293.
Semelia (— ), 293. Garrettson Road, 147. "Garrison," 105, 106, 110, 116 f.,
131 yf.
Garrison Avenue, 120.
"Garrison Forest," 117, 120, 215,
216. "Garrison Ridge," 117, 120, 121,
146, 230. Garrison Road, 105, 113, 117, 123, 128, 129, 130, 135, 137, 146, 147, 148. Garrison Roads, 105 J^., 207 if . Garrison-Deer Creek Road, 139. Gaskin, James, 244. Gates, Mrs. Florence J., elected, 63.
John, 244. Gay, Nicholas Ruxton, 135, 212. George III, Idng of Gt. Britain, 347. George, William, 370. "Georgia," 222, 224, 225, 226, 227,
228, 236, 239, 240. "(Georgia Plantation," 224. "Gerar," 129. G«rard, Justinian, 385. German, Sir George, 270. Germantown, 146, 149. Gerrard, Elizabeth, 318. John, 318. Rebecca, 314, 318. Thomas, 380, 381. Gest, Richard, 232. Gibbons, James, Cardinal, 64, 70,
397, 398, 399, 400, 401. Gibbs, Anne ( — ) Best, 288.
John, 288. Gibson, Elizabeth ( — ) Hazlewood, 1385. 'Hannah, 290, 292, Miles, 384, 385. "Gibson's Park," 140. "Giles and Webster's Discovery,"
130. Gill, John, 224, 240, 374, 375. "Gill's Outlet," 224. Gilterope, James, 375, 376.
Lucy (— ), 375, 376.
INDEX.
425
Gist, Christopher, 211, 240. Kichard, 117, 120, 215. Gittings, James, Jr., 134. John, 289, 290. Margaret (Stagg), 289,
290. Mary, 280. Philip, 289. Thomas, 134, 135. Glenn, John, Judge, 321. Godscrosse, Alice, 280.
Charles, 280. James, 8r., 280. James, Jr., 280. John, 280. Sarah, 280. Goldsborough, Phillips Lee, 66.
Robert, 261, 277, 341, 345. Goldsmith, George, 288.
Johannah ( — ) Wells,
288, 289. Mary, 288. Samuel, 288, 289. "Good Hope," 143, 144, 146, 148. "Good Intent," 60. Goodman, Mary C. (Fowke), 16.
P. H., 16. Goodwin, Lyde, 241, 243.
William, 134. Goodyere, Joane (Haute), 53.
Thomas, 53. Goose Creek, 127. Gore, Capt., 361.
Gorly, Barbara ( — ) Chapman, 374, 375. John, '374, 375. Gorsuch, Anne, 113.
Charles, 113, 222, 229. Lovelace, 113. Richard, 113. Robert, 113. Thomas, 119. "Gorsuch," 226. Gorsuch's Point, 215. Gosnell, Maurice, 244. Peter, 244. William, 244. Gott, Henry, 290, 291. Mary (— ), 291. Gough, Harry Dorsey, 147.
Hester (Larkin), 293, 370,
372. William, 293, 294, 370, 372. Gouldsmith, Elizabeth, 385.
George, Capt., 127. " Gouldsmith's Rest," 127. Goulson, Alice Grodscrosse, 280.
Govanstown, 120. '' Governor's Fields," 191. Graves, William J., 152. Graveyard Branch, 137, 138. Gray, Albert W., 328. John, 375, 377. Mary, 375, 377. Great Falls of Gunpowder River, 120, 129, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 143, 144, 145. Green Catherine (Calvert), 198. Helen (Calvert), 55. Henry, 198, 375, 376. Robert, 242.
Samuel, 210, 220, 221, 227, 231, 254. " Green Coat Branch," 130. " Green Coat Cabin," 132. Green Coat Cabin Branch, 130, 131,
133, 135. " Green Coat Hill," 131. "Green Coat Run," 130. Green Spring Ave., 136, 137. Green Spring Valley, 136, 137. Greenbury, Charles, Col., 368.
Nicholas, Col., 108, 110, 112. Greene, Thomas, Gov., 22. Greenfield, Thomas, Col., 359, 360. Thomas Truman, 367. Greenway, William H., 65, 79. Greer, John, 144, 145, 146, 147. Gresham's College, 140. Greville, Kathrine, 190. Grey, Elizabeth (Woodville), 54. Griffin, Lewis, 293, 294.
Sarah (— ), 293, 294. Griffith, Elizabeth (— ), Tassell, 290, 291. Henry, 290, 291. Grimes, Anne (Fowke), 14. Groome, Sybile ( — ) Jowles, 291.
William, 291. Grose, Anne (— ), 281, 282. John, 281. Roger, 281, 282. Grosise, Elizabeth, 281. Frances, 281. John, 281. Roger, 281. William, 281. Grover, John, 296, 297.
Katharine ( — ) Wynnall, 296, 297. Grymes, — , 193.
Jane (Calvert) Maddox Settle, 193. Gudgeon, John, 140. Guernsey (ship), 360.
426
MARYLAND HISTOBICAIi MAGAZINE.
Guinne, Susanna ( — ) Neale, 284,
286. Gunpowder Falls, 134. Gunpowder Neck, 140, Gunpowder Pines, 148. Gunpowder River, 120, 129, 142,
145. "Gunston," 11. Guybert, Joshua, 367. Guyther, Elizabeth Davis, 284.
Owen, 284. Gwin, Eleanor, 221, 222, 223, 224.
Richard, 220, 221, 222, 223,
257. Thomas, 117. Gwinn, John, 374. Gwinn's Falls, 113, 120, 124, 130,
208, 220. Gwinn's Little Falls, 220, 221. "Gwins Run," 218, 219, 220, 221,
222, 235.
" Hab-Nab-at-a- Venture," 120. Haeket, Alice ( — ) Skidmore, 293, 295. Theopilis, 293, 295. Haile, Nicholas, 120. Hale, Nicholas, 116, 120, 243. "Hale's Folly," 243. Hales, Elizabeth, 59.
Sophia, 59. "Hales Fellowship," 120. Halfehead, Jane ( — ), 290, 291.
John, 290, 291. Hall, Charles, 244.
John, 137, 138, 140, 141,
263, 361, 380, 381. Joshua, 384.
Margaret ( — ) Isacks, 384. Mary, 297, 298. Richard, 297, 298. Sarah ( — ) Collier, 380, 381. "Hall's Rich Neck," 138. Halloway, John. 384.
Martha ( — ) Vines, 384. Hal ton, Edward, 221. Hambleton, — , 156. Hambrick, Mariah (Adams, 197, 198. Mariah (Calvert) My- ers. 198. Nimrod, Sr., 197, 198. Nimrod, Jr., 198. Hamilton, Alexander, Gen., 158, 159, 160. J. C, 160. John, 371, 372.
Hamilton, Robert, 372.
iWilliam, 230, 245. Hammond, John, 244, 252.
Mary ( — ) Roper, 291. Thomas, Major, 233. William, 118, 207, 225, 230, 234, 240. Hammond's Ferry Road, 240. Hamond, Elinor, 282. Hampstead, Mary Reevely, 286.
William, 286. Hance, John, 285, 287.
Mary (— ) Kellett, 376. Sarah ( — ) Waring, 287. Hancock, Benjamin, 283, 285.
John, 271, 273, 274, 275. Sarah, 283, 285. Hand, Mary Virginia (Calvert), 201. William, 201. Hands, Thomas B., 263. Hang Gold Branch, 149. Hanson, John, 214.
Jonathan, 215, 216, 242. Mary, 215, 245. R. E., 67. Sallie, 14, 15. "Hanson's Mill," 214, 215, 245,
246. "Hap Hazard," 247. "Happy Be Lucky," 247. HarcouJt, Philip, 386.
Sir Symon, 360. Hardman, Capf., 352. Harford, Frances Mary, 59.
Henry, 59. Harford County, 130. Harford Road, 117, 142. Harford Run, 114, 118, 242. Hargist, Ann, 375.
William, 375. Harmon, Hannah, 319.
Jacob, 319. Harpe, Joseph, 244. Harper, George Houston, 64. Robert Goodloe, 307. Harrington, Charles, 285. iGrace, 282. Mary Stockley, 285. Harriot, Oliver, 142, 144, 149. Harris, Elizabeth, 371.
[Elizabeth (— ), 297. Jackline ( — ) Moore, 285,
286. W. Hall., 65. 394, 395. William, 371, 372. Harris's Creek, 242.
INDEX.
427
Harrison, Benjamin, 193, 204, 342. Daisy Hope, 204. Elizabeth, 193, 390, 391,
392. Elizabeth ( — ) Benson,
295, 296. Jane, 392. John, 373, 375, 379. John, Sir, 3. iMary, 12. Mary ( — ), 373, 375,
379. Mary Jane (Lattner),
204. Mirabell, 3. Richard, 295, 296. Sarah, 193, 297, 298. Thomas, 12. Thomas Calvert, 392. William Cole, Ma j. -Gen., 204. Harrod, Oliver, 149. Harrys, Loyd, 230. Harwood, Capt., 293. Hatton, Elinor, 25.
Elizabeth, 25, 26. Richard, 25. Samuel, 380, 381. Thomas, 25. Haudecour, C. F., 138. Haughton, Louise C. Osborne, elect- ed, 397. Haute, Elizabeth ( Frowicke ) , Ladi/, 54. Elizabeth (Woodville), 54. Joane, 53. Thomas, Sir, 54. William, 54. Hawes, Alexander, 13.
Lucy (Fowke), 13, Susan, 13. Hawkins, Anne ( — ), 291.
Elizabeth ( — ) Eustis,
375. Elizabeth ( — ) Wynne,
370, 371. Henry, 370, 371. John, 375. Ralph, 288.
William, 288, '291, 372. Hawksworth, Joanna, 51. Hayden. William M., 65, 79. Hayes, Ida Helen (Soothoff), 203. James, 203.
Lucy Ware (Webb), 202. Margaret Anne Peele, 203. Rutherford B., 202.
11
Hayman, Elene, 381. Henry, 381. Hays, John, 113, 114.
John Coflfee, Col., 199. Susan Sophia (iCalvert), 199. Haystack Branch, 134. Hazlewood, Elizabeth ( — ) Collet, 293. Elizabeth ( — ) Gibson,
385. Henry, 385. Head, Calvert, 196.
Sarah Elizabeth (Calvert),
196. William D., 196. Hearne, Thomas, cited, 386. Heaton, John, 195.
Sarah (Calvert), 195. Hedge, Thomas, 114, 119, 214, 217. Hedger, Robert, 19, 20. Helfrich, Mrs. Samuel, elected, 63. Helm, Anna (Parish), 247. Mayberry, 246, 247. "Helmore," 135. "Helmore's Addition," 135. Hemsley, Philemon, 369. Henley, Barbara (Hungerford), Lady, 58. Sir Robert, 58. Henry, Daniel, elected, 394.
Joseph, 322, 323. Herbert, Eleanor, 231. Herring Run, 118, 242. Herrman, Augustine, 405. Hersey, Sarah Wliite, 202. Hewitt, Ann, 5.
Charles, 251. William, 5. Hewlett, Hanitta Amelia (Fowke), 16. Sarah (Fowke), 13. William H., 16. Heyley, Mary ( — ) Conory, 284,
285. Hickman, W., pub., 67. Higgins, Mary (— ), 381.
Michael, 381. Hill, Clement. 26. 28, 246.
Elizabeth (Hatton) Gardiner,
26. Joseph, 367, 368. "Hill Top," 11. "Hills of Poverty," 129. Hinson, Anne (— ), 293, 295. John, 285. Thomas, 293. 295. Hinton, Alice (— ), 376, 378. Thomas, 376, 378.
428
MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Eistory of the Evangelical Luther- an Synod of Maryland, 1820-1920. Wentz, 403. Hitchcock', Mary (— ), 375, 376.
William, 375, 376. Hite, Susan E., 14, 15. Hobson, Mrs. EfEe Sargent, elected,
63. " Hockley," 239. Hockley Forge, 238, 239. " Hockley-in-the-Hole," 239. Hoffman, David, 321.
Mrs. K. Curzon, 74. Holfworth, John, 384. Holland, Francis, 379.
Hannah ( — ) Alexander,
369, 370. Richard, 369, 370. Eosalie Eugenia ( Cal- vert), 316. Sarah (— ), 379. W. W., Dr., 316. William, Col, 137. Hollingsworth, Henry, Lt.-Col., 267. Katharine Kennerly (Calvert), 199. Hollis, Elizabeth (Russell), 296.
William, 296. Hollyday, James, 261, 263, 264, 277,
278, 340, 345, 347. Holman, Sarah, 381. Homes, Philis ( — ), 289.
Thomas, 289. Honey Gold (llorney Gold, Horn- gold, Honeygo) creek, 147, 148, 149. Hood, Benjamin, 248.
James, 247, 248, 249. Robert, 282, 285, 286. " Hood's Haven," 248. Hood's Mills, 248. 249. Hooe, Robert T., 261.
Anne (Fowke), 12. Hooker, Thomas, 106. Hookstown, 213, 215, 219. Hooper, George, 381.
Henry, Brig.-Gen., 260. Mary ( — )' Clagett, 280. Richard, 280. Robert, 281. Sarah ( — ), 381. Thomas, 282. William, 342. Hope, Charlotte, 59. Elizabeth, 59. Richard. 8. " The Hope," 214, 217, 218. Hopewell Creek, 127. "Hopewill," 126.
Hopkins, Anne, 381.
Anne ( — ) Coventon, 297. Joseph, Capt., 381. Judith, 381. Phillip, 297. iSarah (— ), 381. Hopper, Philemon B., Judge, 168,
169. Horner, William, Dr., 6, 11. Horriss, Mary ( — ), 376.
Thomas, 376. « The Horse Shoe," 193, 389, 390. Horsehead Branch, 209. Horsley, Joseph, 288.
Rozamond (— ), 288. Horton, Edward, 220. Hoskins, Edwin S., elected, 394.
Lawrence, 376, 378. House, Ursula ( — ) Bagby, 297.
William, Jr., 297. Houston, Sam, 163, 169. Howard, MoHenby. Some Early
Colonial Marylanders, 19, 179. Howard, Benjamin, 328.
Cornelius, 214, 234. David Ridgely, 205, 394. Edmond, 209, 244, 245. Henry, 371. 372. John, 224, 328. John Eager, 152, 328. Joshua, 117, 119, 210. Lemuel, 132. McHenry, 66. Nathan, 384. Ruth (Teal), 244, 245. " Howard's Chance," 224. "Howard's Fancy," 210. "Howard's Square," 119. " Howard's Timber Neck," 243. Howes, Phillis (— ), 288, 291, 292.
Thomas, 288, 291, 292. Howison, see Howson. Howson, Mary, 191.
Robert. 191. Hubbard, John, 296.
Margaret ( — ) Leekins, 296. Hutchins (Houchins), William, 247. Hughes, Mary Frances, 201. Humphristone, Cassandra, 3.
William, 3. Hungerford, Barbara, 58.
Sir Edward, 58. Hunniman, Amanda, 201. Hunt, Laura, 316.
Susanna, 285. Susanna Keene, 285. William, 285. Wornell, 369.
INDEX.
429
Hunter, Susan Maria, 202. " Hunting Ridge," 201, 243, 390. "Huntingdon," 113. Huntington, Comm., 358, 360, 361. Hurd, Andrew, 119, 218. "Hurd's Camp," 119. Husband, Mary ( — ), 375.
William, 375. Hutehins, Charles, Col, 108, 109.
Charles L., elected, 397. Hutchins's plantation, 247. Hutchinson, William, 109, 110. Hyde, Henry, 57.
Jane (Calvert), 57, 388. John, 57. Hynson, Eev. Benjamin T., elected, 394.
Henry Parr, M. D., elected, 63. Iglehart, James D., M. D., 66, 67. "Indian Cabbin Neck," 127. "Indian Cabin Cove," 128. Indian Ford, 251. Indian Fort Branch, 127. Indian Island, 253. "Indian Old Fields," 129. "Indian Quarter," 127. Indian Road, 229, 230. Indian Wills Cabin Branch, 129. Ingersoll, C. J., 333. Ingerson, Daniel, 383.
Seth ( — ), 383. Ingle's Rebellion, 23. Inglish, Dennis, 374, 376. Ingram, John, 144. "Iron Works Landing," 229, 230. Isaack, Edward, 283, 285.
Rebecca, 283, 285, Isacks, John, 384.
Margaret ( — ), 384. "The Island," 117. Israel, John, 240, 244. Iverson, Alfred, 169. " Ivy Hills," 236. Jackson, Andrew, 80, 333, 334.
Anna Calvert, 20O.
Anna Maria, 200.
Anna Maria (Calvert), 200.
Caroline Toney (Coch- rane), 200.
Churchill Calvert, 200.
Edward, D. D., 200.
Edward Calvert, 200.
Elizabeth (Wilson), 200.
George Calvert, 200.
Henry Melville, 200.
Isaac, 222.
Jackson, Mrs. John Joseph, 299, 300. Josephine (Ross), 200. Margaret, 379. Margaret (Kemp), 200. Marshall Parks, 200. Olive Caldwell, 200. Rebecca (Lloyd), 200. Samuel Keerl, Dr., 200, Thomas, 379. Violet Lee (Pace), 200. William Congreve, 200. James, Anne ( — ) Lowder, 291. Ellinor ( — ), 376. Richard, 376. Sarah "(— ) Stevens, 370. Thomas, 370. Walter, 144. James Alfred Pearce. B. C.
Steiner, 319. James Alfred Peiabce. Some Let- ters from Correspondence of — , Ed. by B. C. Steiner, 150. "James' Run," 138, 139. Janssen, Abraham, 57. Mary, 58, 389. Stephen Theodore, 58. Sir Theodore, 58. Jarrett, Abraham, 129. Jarvis, Mary, 376.
Robert, 376. Jay, John, 158, 159, 160, 342, 349. Jefferson, Thomas, 342, 347. Jenifer, Daniel, 262, 263, 275, 276,
326, 329. Jenifer's Branch, 141, 143. Jenkins, Ellen, 14.
Francis, Col., 360. IMary Frances, 199. Jennings, Anne, 201. Jett, Hannah (Calvert), 195.
John, 195. Joce, Anne, 376, 378.
Thomas, 376, 378. Johnson, Albert, 376.
Anthony, 229. Baker, 267.
Elizabeth (— ) Utie, 385. Henry, 385. James, 267, 351. Jeremiah, 375, 376. John, 297, 381. Leonard, Capt., 376. Lucy ( — ) Gilterope, 375,
376. Peter, 285, 286. Reverdy, 154. Roger, 267.
430
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Johnson, Sarah ( — ), 285, 286. Thomas, 134, 135, 137. Thomas, Gov., 260 ff.,
340 ff. William Cost, 335. "Johnson's Ford," 137. "Johnson's Interest," 229. Johnston, Albert Sidney, Col., 176, 177, 178. Christopher, M.D., 112,
188. Enfield or Anphel
(Fowke), 13. Gabriel Jones, 13. Katharine Kennerly
(Calvert), 199. Richard, Capt., 16. Sarah, 13. Sarah Massilon (Fowke) ,
Treanor, 16. Thomas D., Col., 199. Johnstone Harriet (Lane), 202. Jolly, Edward, 285. Jones, Ann ( — ) Weaver, 383.
Anne (Gorsuch) Todd, 113. David, 242. David, Capt., 113. Edward, 370, 372. Elizabeth ( — ) Steevens,
282. Elizabeth ( — ) Vaughan, 381,
383. Ellinor (— ), 378. George, 27. Honoria, 27.
Katharine (— ), 376, 379. Margaret, 27.
Mary ( — ) Davis, 281, 282. Mary ( — ) Hitchcock, 375,
376. Morgan, 281. 282, 284. Moses, 376, 379. Philip, 376. Philip, Cap., 229, 230. Richard, 117, 282, 368, 378,
381, 38.3. Robert, 373. Susan ( — ). 376. Thomas, 132. William, 375, 376. Jones Falls, 105, 113, 118, 136. Joppa Road, 144, 145, 146, 148, 210,
215, 242. Joppa Town, 148. Jordan, Mrs. Mary W., 74. Jowles, Henry, 29i.
Henry Peregrine, 367. Sybile ( — ) Groome, 291.
Joy, Martha ( — ), 376.
Peter, 376. Judwins Falls, 124, 208.
Kaine, William, 285. Kaylor, Daniel Pringle, 203. Eliza, 203. John, 198.
Sarah (Calvert), 198. Sarah McBryde, 203. Keene, Susanna, 285. Keidel, George C. Catonsville Bio- graphies, 299. Keidel, George C, 404. Keith, Sir William (Gov. of Pa.),
252. Kellett, Christopher, 376.
Mary (^) Hance, 376. Kemp, Marguerite, 200.
W. Thomas, 63. " Kemp's Run," 242. Kennard, Richard, 384.
Sarah ( — ) Hopkins, 381. Kenneday, James, 290, 291.
Mary ( — ), 290, 291. Kennedy, Anthony, 324.
John Pendleton, 332, 335, 336. Kensey, Hugh, 224. Kent, Henry, Jr.. 280, 285.
Martha (Brasseur), 280, 285. William, 376. Kent County, Md., 362, 367. Kerr, John Leeds, U. S. Senator,
334. Keyser, Capt., 189. Kimble, Pearl B., elected, 397. " Kindness," 114. King, Henrv, 111.
J. Bittle, 155. King William's School, Annapolis,
187. Kingsville, Md., 210. Kinnersley, Isabel, 3, 4. '■Kiplin," 51. Kirk, John, 253. Kirke, Barbara, 191. Martin, 191. Mary, 191. Knight, Cornelia Russell, 317. Knolls, John, 19. Knowles, John, 19, 20. Krebs, William George, 321 n. Kurtz, Benjamin, Rev., 404.
J. David, Rev., 404. Kynnersley, see Kinnersley.
Ladd, Richard, 288.
Rozamond ( — ) Horsley, 288.
INDEX.
431
Lafayette, Marquis de. Statue, Washington Square, Baltimore, Md., 395. Laird, Martha J., 321.
William H., D. D., 321. Lake Eoland, 120. Lancaster Forge, 137. " Land of Nodd," 140. Landis, John T., elected, 397. Lane, Darby, 244.
Elizabeth Taliaferro ( Strib-
ling), 202. George Steptoe, 202. Harriet, 202. Margaret ( Evans ) , 370. Mary Newton, 202. Samuel, 370. Samuel, Major, 370. Lang, Susan C. (Fowke), 15.
Theodore F., Dr., 15. Larkin, Hester, 293, 294.
John, 106, 376. Larkins, John, 291. Larsh, Valentine, 243. Latane, John H., 66. Latham, Nellie (Fowke), 13. Latrobe, John H. B., 307, 310. Lattner, Mary Jane, 204. Law, Elizabeth Parke (Custis) , 314.
Thomas, 314. Lawrence, Thomas, Sir, 185, 186,
360, 363. Lawson, Alexander, 247. "Lazaretto," 215.
Lazenby, Charles Calvert, Capt., 317. Mrs. Margaret, 317. Leakin, Rev. Dr. George, 105.
J. Wilson, 65. Lee, Charles, Gen., 270, 271, 272, 342. Charlotte, Lady, 57, 389. Charlotte (Fitz Koy), Lady,
57. Edward Henry, Earl of Lich- field, 57. Elizabeth Collins, 63. Harry, Gen., 316. Margaret, 57.
Mary Anne Eandolph (Cus- tis), 315. Philip, 368.
Richard Henrv, 340, 343. Robert Edward, Gen., 205, 315, 316. Leed's (Daniel) Almanack for 1693,
407. Leekins, John, 296.
Margaret ( — ),296. Legg, James C, 68.
Leidgett, Julian ( — ), 373.
Thomas, 373. Letters of the Continental Congress,
Burnett, 404. " The Level," 254. Lewes, Edward, 247. Lewis, Abigail ( — ), 376, 378.
Eleanor Parke (Custis), 314. Elizabeth ( — ), 295. Henry, 376, 378. Henry, M. D., 293, 295. Henry, Jr., 293, 295. James, 376, 378. Katherine, 376, 378. Lawrence, 314. Richard, 387. Lexington, Anne (Fowke), 14. Libby, Mrs. Augusta M., 65. Liberty Road, 120. Library Association of Baltimore,
305. Lichfield, Edward Henry Lee, Earl
of, 57. The Life of Thomas Johnson. Edward 8. Delaplaine, 260 ff., 340 ff. Lightfoot, Thomas, 143, 145. Lile, Mary ( — ) Farmer, 280. Lilly, Henry Walter, Dr., 317.
Hester Virginia (Calvert), 317. Lincoln Highway, 128. Lindsav, Anne (Calvert), 194.
'William, Capt., 194. Lindsev, Jane (— ) Potts, 380, 381.
Thomas, 380, 381. Lingham, George, 144, 147. " Lingham's Adventure," 144, 147. Link, Hannah (Calvert), 198.
Peter, 198. Linsey, Katherine ( — ), 372.
Thomas, 372. List of Members, 81. " Litterlouna," 121. Little Britain Ridge, 115, 118. Little Creek, 129. Little Deer Creek, 129. Little Falls of Gunpowder, 129, 132,
138, 139. Litton, Thomas, 137, 141. Livingston, R. R., 342.
William, 342. Lloyd, Edward, 381.
Eliza Armistead (Selden),
200. Hannah, 381. Henrietta Maria, 381. Henry, Gov., 65. John, 200.
432
MARYLAND HISTOEICAX, MAGAZINE.
Lloyd, Maria, 381.
Mary, 381.
Philemon, 381.
Kebecca, 200. Loch Raven, 134. Logsdon, William, 117. Lomax, Miss — , 11. Long Bridge, 240. Long Calm, 252. Long Calm Ford, 145. Long Calm Road, 145, 146, 149. " Long Discovery," 248. Long Green Run, 145. Long Green Valley, 134. "Long Island Point," 116. "Long Look," 129. "Long Point," 242. Lords of Trade and Plantagons,
1358. Lother, Lucy (Fowke), 15. Louallier, Louis, Sr., 333, 334. Louden Park Cemeterv, 113. Love, Robert, 139, 140, 141, 143. " Lovely Hill," 139. Lowder, Anne ( — ), 291.
Edward, 291. Lowe, Anne (Cavendish), 56.
Charles, 314, 388.
Henry, 383.
Jane, 55, 56, 389.
Nicholas, Major, 368.
Susannah ( — ) Darnall, 383.
Vincent, 56. Lowndes, W. Bladen, 61, 67. Luffman, Marv ( — ). 372.
William, 372. "Lunn's Lott," 214, 215, 216. Lustick, Richard, 22. Lux, Darby, Capt., 213.
William, 215, 247, 248. Lynch, Thomas, Jr., 342. Lynes, Philip, 360, 361. Lvtfoot, Thomas, r06. Lytle, William H., 66,
Macall, John, 368. McBryde, Henry, 203.
Mary (Whitfield), 203. Sarah, 203. Maccaney, John, 244. McCarthys in Early American His- tory. O'Brien, 405. McClellan, John, 221, 231. William J., 66. MeClellan's Alley, 242. McClure, Samuel, 197.
Virginia Emma (Smith), 197.
MoColgan, Edward, elected, 394. MoGregory, Hugh, 293. McGruder, Mrs., 11. Mackdowell, Elizabeth (— ), 382. Henry, 382. James, 382. John, 385. McKean, Thomas, 342. Mackeye, Elizabeth (— ), 286, 287.
John, 286, 287. Mackfarland, Alexander, 382.
Elizabeth ( — ) Selley, 382. Mackie, Ebenezer, 61, 62. Mackinze, John, 244. Macknemara, Sarah ( — ) Grifl&n, 293 294. Timothy, 293, 294. Mackubin, Eleanor, 316.
Zac, 247. Maclane, Hector, 194. Sarah, 194.
Sarah (Morgan), 195. Macnamara, Michael, 217.
Thomas, 114, 115. McPike, John, 129. "McPike's Reserve," 129. MacTavish, Charles Carroll, 305.
John, 306. Macubin, Ella, 403.
Hester Ann (Worthing-
ton), 316. Richard Creagh, Dr., 316. Zoe Ammen, 317. Maddock, Annah ( — ) Frankum, 288. Anne (— ), 298. Anne ( — ) Francum,
297. Edward, 288, 298. Henry, 297.
Margery ( — ) Stone, 298. Maddox, Jane, 194.
Jane (Calvert), 193. John, Capt., 193. Marv, 194. Sarah, 194. Madison, James, 159. Magrouder, Samuel, 373. Magruder, James M., 63. "Maiden's Choice," 112, 113. Maiden's Choice Run, 227. "Maiden's Mount," 252. " Majors Choice," 140. Manning, Cleveland P., elected, 397. Joseph, 296, 298. Mary (— ), 296, 298.
INDEX.
433
Manning, Priscilla, 378. Mansfield, Edward D., 150, 151, 321. March, Joyce, 4.
Richard, 4. Marriartee, Daniel, 368. Marsh, John, 244.
Thomas, 135. Marshall, John, 158. Marsham, Anne (Calvert) Brooke Brent Tasker, 190. Richard, 190. Martin, John, 298. Mary, 298. Sarah, 316. Martindale, Ruth . { — ) Vaughn,
298. Mary, Queen of England, 180, 181,
182, 184. Marye, William B. The Baltimore County " Garrison " and the old Garrison Roads, 105, 207. Maryland, Boundary line of, 357,
358, 366. Maryland Church Plate, 74. Maryland Convention, 1776, 341 ff. Maryland, Independence of, 341 ff. Maryland Institute, 164, 165. Mason, Anne (— ), 294, 295. George, 11. James M., 11. Mary (Fowke), 11. Miles, 294, 295. Massie, Elizabeth (Adams), 197. John William, 198. Lewis David, 197. Margaret (Bragg), 198. Margaret Elizabeth, 197,
199. Mary '(Cloud), 198. Mary Virginia, 198. Thomas Bernard, 198. Mathews, Catherine ( Calvert) Green, 198. Jacob, 198. Matthews, Edward B., 66. Jane, 285. Jane Bread, 283. Thomas, 8.
Thomas, Dr., 283, 285. Matson, John, 244. Maxwell, James, Col, 107, 140, 368. Mayer, Brantz, 157. Meade, Andreio, of Ireland and Vir- ginia. Baskerville, 406. Meade, William, Rev., 68. " Meadow Land," 130. Medley, Anne ( — ) Cole, 284, 286. John, 284, 286.
Meigs, William M., 333.
" Mercantile Library Association,"
164. Mercer, Jean (Fowke), 6, 11. Mercier, Cardinal, port., 70.
John, 224. Meredith, Samuel, 134, 135. " Meredith's Ford," 120, 134, 135. Meridale, Thomas, 296. Merikin, Hugh, 372. Merrick, William D., 336. Merryman, Gittings, 129. Michael, Elizabeth ( Thoroughgood ) , 6. John, Capt., 6. " Michael's Addition," 144. " Michael's Chance," 144, 148. Middle Branch, 117, 220. Middlefield, Martha, 285, 286. Thomas, 285, 286. Middletown, Md., 342. "Milford Haven," 121. " Mill Haven," 224, 228. Mill Run, 138. Miller, Theodore Klein, 64.
William, 247. Miller's Ford, 247. Millington Lane, 234. Mills, Tabitha (— ) Blanford, 287, 288 William, 287, 288. Missouri Constitutional Convention,
1815, Journal, 406. Mitchell, Anne Bunbury (Fowke), 15. Charles S., Col., 15. Elizabeth (— ), 382. Elizabeth (Fowke), 15,
18. Ignatius, 15. Jane ( — ), 380, 382. John, 382. William, 380. Moale's Point, 238, 243. Moltke, Elsa von, Countess, 203,
393, 394. Molton, Mathew, 141. " Mondawmin," 221. " Monk's," 214. " Monmouth Green," 224. Moon, Sarah E (Fowke), 16. Moore, Jackline ( — ) Harris, 285, 286. -lames. 285, 286. ]\foore's Mills, 216. Morgan, Alice ( — ), 283. Jarvis, 283. iSarah, 195. Thomas, Capt., 195.
434
MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
" Morgan's Delight," 120. Morough, John, 377. Morrah, Ansjius, 375, 377. Morrice, Robert, 372. Morrill, Justin S., 165. Morris, Caroline Maria (Calvert), 315. E. W., 163. John, 373, 376. John G., Rev., 404. Robert, 285, 286, 342, 352,
353. Sarah ( — ) Johnson, 285,
286. Thomas Willing, 315. Mosby, Anne B., 201. Mosse, Elizabeth, 293.
Richard, 293. " Mt. Airy," 313, 314, 317, 318. "Mount Clare," 224, 225, 227, 235,
241. " Mount Dillon," 304. " Mount Gilboa," 246. "Mount Oigan," i]9. " Mount Royal," 216. Mountenay, Alexander, 118. " Mountenay's Glade," 118. " Mountenay's Neck," 118. Mountenay's Run, 114, 118, 242. Moy, Elizabeth (— ), 285.
Richard, 285. Murphy, Ann (Edwards), 284. Daniel, 284.
Mary (— ) Gray, 375, 377. Patrick, 375, 377. Murray, James, 120.
Josephus, 119, 210. " Murray's Farm," 210. Musgrove, Anthony, 244. " My Lords Gift," 141. Myers, Albert Cook, 407. Jacob, 198.
Mariah (Calvert), 198. Mynes, Marjory, 373.
Robert, 373. Mynne, Anne, 53, 54, 391.
Elizabeth (Wroth), 53, 54. George, 53, 54.
Nash, Anne, 281.
Anne Blunt, 279. Neale, Anne, 281.
Anne (Boyd), 279.
Clarke, 288.
Elizabeth, 200.
Elizabeth (Calvert), 191.
Hannah, 192.
James, 382.
James, Capt., 191.
John, 279, 281.
Neale, Jonathan, 286, Margaret, 280. Mary, 191. Rachel, 288. Rebecca, 280. Samuel, 280. Susannah, 284, 286. William, 284, 286. Necker Road, 145. Neilson, George, 311. Nelson, John, 128.
Mary Jane, 202. Nesbitt, Rev. John, elected, 397. New Mexico, Historical Society of,
406. New Port, Baltimore Co., Md., 141,
142. New Scotland, 109. "New Town," 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 231, 235, 236, 257. Newman, Abraham, 282. Agnus, 3.
Anastasia ( — ), 377, 378. Elinor Hamond, 282. George, 377. John, 3, 117. Richard, 377, 378. William, 383. Newsome, Helen, 194. Newton, Sarah, 291. Nicholas, S. S., Judge, 333. Nicholson, Capt., 272, 353.
Francis, Gov., 112, 183,
184, 185, 186, 187. Hester (Larkin) Gough,
293, 370, 372. Nicholas, 294, 370, 372. NiCKLiisr, John Bailey Calvert. The Calvert Family, 50, 189, 313, 389. Nicklin, Benjamin Patten, 64, 203, 394. Benjamin Strother, 202. Catharine Thornton (Pen- dleton), 202. Cecilius Calvert, 202. Daisy Hope (Harrison),
204. Dwight Pendleton, 203. Eliza (Kaylor), 203. Elizabeth '(Calvert), 199,
201. Elizabeth Catherine, 203,
393. Harriet (Utley), 203, 394, Jacob Richards, 202. John Bailev, 201, 202, 203. 394.
INDEX.
435
Nicklin, John Bailey Calvert, Lt., 204. Joseph, 199, 201. Joseph, M. D., 201. Joseph Marshall, 201, 202. Laura Pendleton, 203, 394. Levi Orme Connor, 202. Lucy Crane, 393, 394. Margaret Anne Peele
(Hayes), 203. Margaretta (Shriver) , 202. Martha Anne, 199, 202. Martha (Eichards), 201. Martha Virginia, 203, 393. Mary Jane (Nelson), 202. Mary Marshall, 203, 393. Mary Newton (Lane), 202. Samuel Church, 203, 393,
394. Samuel Strang, 204. Sarah White (Hersey),
202. Susan (Eastham), 202. Susan Maria (Hunter),
202. William Fuller, 203, 394. William Henry Harrison, 202. " Nodd Forest," 140. Norman, Anne (Jennings), 201. Norris, Charlotte Augusta, 316. Isaac T., 66. Sarah (Martin), 316. William, 316. " North Carolina," 213. North Point Road, 215. Norwood, Edward, 239.
Frank C, elected, 397. Notes, Books Received, etc., 403. Notes from the Early Records op Maryland. Jane Baldwin Cot- ton, 279, 369. Notley, Anne, 192.
Thomas, 255. Nottingham Iron Works, 147. Nussum, see Newsome. Nuthall, James, 373, 377, 380. Nuthalls, Elias, 289.
O'Brien, Michael J., 405. O'Daniel, Thomas, 284. O'Donovan, Louis, Rev., 397, 400. Officers' Fees. 29, 30, 363. Offley, Anne (Osborne), 5.
Robert, 5.
Sarah, 5. Ogg, George. 214, 223, 231. Old Conestoga Road, 258. Old Court Road, 117, 211, 212, 229, 230, 251, 259.
" The Old Ford," 236.
" Old Forge Pool," 227.
Old Forge Road, 146, 147, 148.
Old Frederick Road, 235, 245, 246,
248, 249. Old Garrison Road, 231, 235. Old Indian Road, 120, 122, 126, 209,
230, 250, 251, 257, 258. Old Joppa Road, 145, 146, 148. Old Manor Road, 134, 135. Old Saint Paul's Church, Balto,
Md., 215, 216. Old York Road, 134, 135. Oldton, Anne ( Gorsuch ) Todd Jones, 113. John, Capt., llOj^., Ulff.,
207 ff. Mary, 113. Mary ( — ), 113. "Oldton's Fellowship," 115. "Oldtons Garrison," 117, 120, 122,
123, 136. Onion, Stephen, 130. "Orange," 118, 226, 242. " Oregon Run," 129. Organ, Mathew, 119, 128. Orrouch, James, 293. Orruck, James, 294.
Mary (— ) Ricks, 294. Osborne, Ann, 5.
Ann (Hewitt), 5. Edward, Sir, 5. Oulton, see Oldton, Our Rifles. SaAvyer, 405. Oursler, Mary C, elected, 394. " Ousley's plantation," 109. Outwater, Mrs. Vera L., 198. Owen, Jane, 286.
Richard, 286. Owin, Richard, 371. Owings, Joshua, 229.
Samuel, 209, 214.
Paca, Aquila, 368.
John, 207, 229. William, Gov., 61, 261, 277, 278, 340, 341, 345, 349, 350. Pace, Elizabeth (Neale), 200. James Baker, 200. Violet Lee, 200. Page, — , 151.
William C, 65, 79. Pagon, Robinson C, 64. Painter, Nicholas, 294. Palmer, Barbara (Villiers) Coun- tess, 57. Elizabeth (— ), 290,291. William, 290, 291. Palmer's Island, 256.
436
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Papists in Province of Maryland,
1708, 362. " Paradise," 252. Parish, Anna, 247.
Edward, 220, 231, 233. John, 233, 243. William, 215, 231, 232, 233. « Parish's Fear," 247, 248. "Parish's Range," 120, 220, 231,
232, 233, 247. Parker, Elizabeth, 290.
Mary (— ) Gott, 291. Thomas, 290, 291. William, 294, 372. Parkinson, Joseph, 224. Parnassee, Robert, 372. Parneser, sec Parnassee. Paston, Anne (Calvert) Somersett, 56. Jane (Sewall) Calvert, 55. John, 55. William, 56. Patapsco Falls, 130. Patapsco Female Institute, 403. Patapsco Ferry, 215. Patapsco Upper Hundred, 230. Patterson, Jane, 384.
Mary Virginia (Emery),
203, 394. Paul Browne, 203, 394. Peabody, George, 76. Peabody Fund, 76. Peabody Institute, 397. Peach Bottom, 252. Peake, George, 281, 282. Johanna. 281. 282. Mary, 281, 282. Pean, James, 292, 294.
Magdalen ( — ), 294. Pearce, Catherine Julia, 321.
Charlotte Augusta Lennox,
321. Daniel, 367. Gideon, 319, 320. James, 320.
James Alfred, 150 if., 319 f. James Alfred, Judge, 64, 66,
321. Julia (Dick), 319, 320. Lydia, 286, 287. Martha J. (Laird), 321. Mary Clementine, 322. Matilda C. (Ringgold), 321. Ophelia, 320. Thomas, 286, 287. William, 320. Pearle, Elizabeth ( — ) Warren, 377, 379. William, 377, 379.
Pearson, Symon, 128, 132, 140, 143. Peaseley, Anne (Calvert), 54.
William, 54. Peck's Branch, 219, 222. Peddler Branch, 252. Peeters, Maria Louise, 315. Pegram, Francis E., elected, 397.
William M., Major, 68, 69. Pegrane, James, 377, 378. Peirpoint, Charles, 244. "Pemblicoe," 114, 119, 213, 214,
217, 218. Pendleton, Benjamin, 202.
Catharine Thornton, 202. Edmund, Judge, 202. Elizabeth (Strother), 202. Peters, Richard, Judge, 159, 160. Peterson, Andrew, 375, 377.
Christian ( — ), 375, 377. Peticoat, William, 229, 230. Petticoat, John, 244. Peyton, Henry, 12.
Susannah (Fowke), 12. Phelps, William W., 177, 178. Penn, — , 16.
John, 243. William, 366. Pennington, Josias, 311.
Mrs. William C, 302, 303. Pennsylvania, Boundary line of,
357, 358, 366. Pepper, Elijah, 195.
Elizabeth (Calvert), 195. " Perry Hall," 144, 147. Peter, Martha Parke (Custis), 314.
Thomas, 314. Philadelphia Road, 118, 145, 146,
215, 242. Philips, James, 367, 368. Philipsin, Anne, 55.
Barbara (Sandys), 55. Miles, 55. Phillips, Elizabeth (Fowke), 13. John, 282. William, Col, 13. " Phillipsburg," 226. Philpott, Brian, 247. Phipps, Elizabeth, 284, 286.
Henry, 284, 286. Pickett, Heathcoat, 146, 148, 149.
William, 148, 149. Pierce, Franklin, 165. Pike, William, 290, 291. Pikesville. Md., 117, 213. " Pimlico," 217.
Pimlico race course, 114, 117, 217. Piney Glade, 147.
INDEX.
437
Piscataway Indians, 109, 255, 256. " Piscataway Manor," 191. Pitts, — , 155.
Plater, George, 278, 340, 345. Pleasants, J. Hall, M.D., 66, 67,
235. Plot, Elizabeth, 372.
William, 372. Plowman, Jonathan, 61, 62. Plum Tree Run, 140. Pogans Run, 128. Pollard, Mary (— ), 379.
Richard, 379. Pontany, Edward, 247. Poore, Ben Perley, cited, 325. Pope, Thomas E., 406. Popejoy, William, 117. " Poplar Neck," 140. Poplar Spring, 249. Poppleton, T. H., 235. " Poppleton's Plan of the City ol
IBaltimore," 1817, 240, 241. " Porter's bar," 51. Portlow, Jane, 201. Post, Ella Kite (Fowke), 16.
R. E., 16. Pott, Hannah (— ) Edwards, 284, 286, 288, 297. John, 288, 297, 298. Potter, Jane (Bower), 114.
Richard, 114. Potts, Jane ( — ), 380, 381.
Robert, 380, 381. Poultney, William, 116. Powell, George, 374, 377. John, 373.
Julian ( — ) Leidgett, 373. Powers, James Leake, 199, 202.
Lucy (Calvert), 199, 202. Martha Anne (Nicklin),
199, 202. Martha Anne Nicklin, 202. Pratt, — , 157.
Henry, 383. Preston, Alexander, 209. James, 128. Thomas, Capt, 140. Price, Miss — , 17.
Ann (— ), 385. John, Col, 25, 217. Richard, 385. Stephen, 128. Zachariah, 17. " Price's Chance," 129. " Price's Good Will," 128. Priest, Charles, 374, 377. " Priest's Ford," 137. Prince Georges County, Md., 362,
368. Pritchett, Samuel, 291.
Proceedings of Conventions, cited, 345, 346, 348, 349.
Proceedings of the Society:
December 13, 1920 63
January 10, 1921 64
February 14, 1921 66
Annual Meeting 69
March 14, 1921 394
April 11, 1921 596
Protestant Revolution, 180, 183.
Provincial Records, 354.
Pulton, Ferdinand, 20.
Purviance, Samuel, 270, 271, 272, 274, 277, 278.
" Quarter," 244.
Quartley, Mrs. C. E., 205.
Queen Anns County, Md., 362, 367,
368. Quigley, Charles, 371.
Radcliflfe, George L., 65. " Ragland," 230, 245. Ragland Rolling road, 230. Ralls, Lydia, 195.
Lydia Beck, 195, 197, 201. Ramsey, William, 383. Randall, Benjamin, 377, 378. Blanchard, 394. Christopher, 215, 229, 240,
242, 244, 245, 246, 377. Johanna ( — ), 377. Roger, 246. Randolph, Anne, 315.
Anne C, 329. "Rangers' Forest," 120, 121, 122. Rangers' Road, 142. Raven, Jane ( — ), 286.
John, 286. Rawles, Elizabeth (— ), 290, 291.
William, 290, 291. Rawlings, Daniel, 229. Raynsford, Jane, 3, 4.
John, 3. Read, William George, 322. Reade, George, Capt., 281.
Joane, 281. " The Red House," 249. Red Run, 209. Reed, Elizabeth, 190. Giles, 190.
Katherine (Greville), 190. Susan (Fowke), 16. Mrs. William, 66. Reeder, Richard Robbins, 15. Reevely, Mary, 286. Reeves, — , 297, 298. Edward, "584.
Henrietta ( — ) Swanson Canon, 297, 298.
438
MAEYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Reeves, Mary ( — ), 384. Reisterstown Turnpike, 213, 214, Relay, 238, 257. Remington, Miss Caroline, 66. Reports of Committees:
Addresses 79
Art Gallery 204
Athenaeum Trustees 72
Finance 75
Genealogy and Heraldry 78
Library 73
Membership 78
Publication 76
Treasurer 71
" The Reserve," 245. Ricaud, James Barroll, 168, 169. Rich, Mary, Lad)/, 53, 54. Richard, Lord, 53. Robert, Earl of WarwicTc, 54. " Rich Level," 254. " Rich Neck," 243. " Rich Neck Level," 254. " Rich Point," 137. Richards, James, 213.
Martha, 201. Richardson, John, 114.
Mark, 140, 382. Susannah ( — ), 382. Thomas, Col., 106, 107, 108, 120, 129, 141, 142, 144, 145, 149, 254. " Richardson's Outlet," 129. Richmond, Sarah, 395. Ricks, Jolm, 293, 294.
Mary ( — ) Orruck, 294. Ridgely, Charles, 240, 241, 243.
Charles, Gen., 134, 148. John, 241, 247. Martha, 370. Robert, 370. Ruxton M., 65, 231. Ridgely's Cove, 240, 243. "Ridgely's Delight," 240, 241, 243. Rigbie, James, 380, 382.
Nathaniel, Col., 253. liigby, James, 297, 298.
Katharine ( — ) Constable, 297, 298. Riggs, Clinton L., 65, 79.
Lawrason, Gen., 395. Rignall, John, 286. Ringgold, Josias. Jr., 322.
Mary Clementine ( Pearce) ,
322. Matilda C, 321. Richard W., 321. Samuel, 351. Risteau, George, 212.
Risteau, Isaac, 134, 135.
John, Capt., 211, 212. Ritchie, Albert C, Gov., 396. Robbens, Thomas, 368. Roberson, Margaret ( — ), 385.
Mary (— ) Dines, 293,
294. Robert, 385. Roberts, Edward, 225. John, 147.
Thomas, 111, 112, 124. Robertson, A. H., Dr., 17. Jack, 15.
Katie (Fowke), 15. Verlinda Stone (Fowke),
17, 18. William Augustus Fowke, 18. Robinson, Caroline S. (Fowke), 16. D. W., 16. Dorothy ( Dorrington ) ,
280, 281. George, 383. Henry, 280, 281. John, 369. Mary (— ), 369. William, 282. Roohford, Margaret (— ), 292, 294.
Michael, 292, 294. Rock Run, 252, 253. Rockwell, Julius, 164. Rockwood, Edward, 373.
Elizabeth ( — ) Aspenall, 373. Rodney, Daniel, 342. " Roger's Inspection," 216. Rogers, Anne, 14.
John. 261, 267, 277, 341,
343. William, 212, 216, 246. Roland's Run, 120. "Rolling House," 137. Rolling Road, 118, 119, 210. Romney Creek. 126, 127. Rookard. Sarah (Calvert), 194. Rookwood, Edward, 377.
Elizabeth ( — ■) Aspin- wall, 377. Roper, Alice ( — ) Morgan, 283. Marv (— ), 291. Philip, 116. Thomas, 291. " Roper's Range," 254. Rose, John, 381. Mary, 381. Rosser, Joseph Travis, 200.
Mary Landon Armistead, 200.
INDEX.
439
Rosser, Mary Walker, Armistead),
200. Ross, Joseohine, 200. Rosson, Anne Francis (Calvert), 201. Charles H., 201. Rousby, Barbara ( — ), 377.
John, 377. Rowland, Grace ( — ) Williams, 371. Kate Mason, 6. Lawrence, 371. Rowlandts, Margery ( — ) Warren, 295. Humphrey, 295. Robert, 294. Roy, Sarah (Fowke), 13.
Wiley, 13. Royal Historical Society. Trans- actions, 406. Ruhy (frigate), 357, 359. Rudacill, John, 199.
Mary Catherine (Cal- vert), 199. Rudd, Miss — , 14. Rumley Creek, 127. Rumsey, Ann, 286.
Anne (— ) Bigger, 283. Benjamin, 261. James, 283. Rush, Anna Melvina (Smith), 197. Benjamin, M. D., 197. John Hangar, 197. Russell, Elizabeth, 296.
Elizabeth (— ), 297, 298. Richard, 281. Sara, 281. Thomas, 297, 298. Rutledge, Edward. 342.
John, 342. Ryan, William P., 400, 401. Ryder. Jane, 281. Rye, John, Dr., 282, 285, 286. Rynders, Capt., 165. " Sacaweykitt," 23, 24. " Saccawakitt," 23, 24. Sadtler, Mrs. Rosabella, 395. St. George, Richard, 50. St. Gregorie Manor, 21. " Saint James Park," 222, 224. St. John's College, Annapolis, 186,
187. St. Lawrence Creek, 21. Saint Mary's City, Md., 64, 107, 116. " Saint Mary's Bow," 216. St. Mary's County, Md., 362, 367. Saint Paul's Church (P. E.), Bal- timore, 215, 216. Saint Peter's, Md., 107. St. Richard's Manor, 23.
St. Stevens Creek, 21. Salter, John, 368. Sandys, Barbara, 55. Sanford, John L., 66, 396. Saunders, Edward, 128. Rebecca, 116. Savage, Eleanor, 236.
Eleanor (Gwin) Bond, 223. Hill, 223, 236. Savin, Elizabeth ( — ) Cammell, 370.
William, 370. Saw Mill Race, 227. Sawyer, Charles Winthrop, 405. Scayman, George, 236. Scott, Christian ( — ) Stearling, 378. Cuthbert, 383. Daniel, 128. John, 134, 378. Scrivener, Mrs. Frank P., 394. Scudmore, Abigail, 382. Thomas, 382. Scutt's Level Branch, 209, 251. Sealey, George, 374, 378.
Mary (— ), 374, 378. " Seamore's Adventure," 237. Sears, Thomas E., 66. "Secret Committee," 261. "Sedgley," 140, 141, 143. Selden, Eliza Armistead, 200. Selley, Elizabeth (— ), 382.
Matthew, 382. "Seised," 120.
Seneca Indian Road, 207, 253. Seneca Indians, 237, 254, 255, 256,
257, 258. Seneca Road, 254, 257, 258, 259. Seney, Robert W., 64. Sergeant, Jonathan Dickinson, 342. Settle, Jane, 194.
Jane (Calvert) Maddox, 193.
John, 193.
John Calvert, 194.
Sarah (Turner), 194. Sewall, Henry, M. D., 55, 56.
Jane, 55, 317.
Jane (Lowe), 56, 389.
Jane Lowe, 55.
Jane (Lowe) Lady Balti- more, 55.
Nicholas. Major, 379. Sewell, Joshua, 229.
Philip, 244. "Sewell's Fancy," 148. Seybolt, Frances, 316. Seymour, Charles, duke of Somerset, 59. John, Gov.. 354)9=, Shadwell, sec Cbarlwell. Shankes, John, 254, 255.
440
MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAGAZINE.
Sharp, James W., 196. Mary Anne, 196. Mary Anne (Calvert), 196. Shaw, John, 282, 284, 286, 289. Joyce (— ), 289. Martha (— ) Middlefield, 285,
286. Nicholas, 285, 286, 289. Sarah (— ), 282, 284, 286,
289. William, 289. Shelby, Alfred, 199.
Martha Frances (Calvert), 199. Shelmerdine, William Woodville,
299. Shepherd, Mrs. F. Byrne, 63. Sheppard and Pratt Hospital, 120,
143. " Sheppards Adventure," 127. Shepperd, Rowland, 127. Sheridine, Thomas, 240. Sheridine, Jane ( — ) Butram, 373, 378. Jeremiah, 373, 378. Sherman, John, 340. " Shewan Cabin Branch," 129. Shewell, Joseph, 244. Shot Tower, Baltimore, Md., 67, 395. Shriver, Alfred Jenkins, 64.
Margaretta, 202. Sidwell, Eoger, 290, 291. Sill, Howard, 65. Silly, Matthew, 371. Sim, Thomas, 61. Simmons, Charles, 128. Sims, Harold H., elected, 394. Sinclair, Joseph, 294. Sioiissat, Mrs. Anna L., 401, 402,
403. Sisson, Lucy B. (Fowke), 14. Skeeman, George, 236. "Skeeman's Venture," 236, 237. Skelton, Anne (— ) Croft, 374, 377.
John, 374, 377. " Skeymore's Adventure," 237. Skidmore, Alice ( — ), 293, 295. Edward, 293, 295. Judith (Hopkins), 381. Skinner, Anne ( — ) Trueman, 283. Elizabeth (— ),287, 289. Robert, 368. Thomas, 287, 289. Slade's Tavern, 134. 135. Slaughter, Mary (Fowke), 13. Slaughterhouse Run. 118, 123, 250. Smallwood, James, Col., 368. Smart, John, 380, 382.
Smart, Susan ( — ) Bennison, 380,
382 Smith, — , 156, 157.
Allen, 373, 377.
Anna Melvina, 197.
Anne ( — ) Bonnam, 380, 382.
Anne (— ) Hinson, 293, 295.
Anne Strother (Calvert), 199.
Charles, 142, 145.
Clara (Weir), 197.
Edward, 247, 372.
Eleanor, 141.
Elizabeth, 199.
Frances (Bell), 197.
Issachar, 199.
John, 61, 62.
John Perry, 197.
John Ralls, 197.
Lewis Edward, 197.
Lucy Anne (Allen), 199.
Margaret Elizabeth (Massie) , 197, 199.
Margery, 15, 17.
Mary Catherine, 199.
Mary Elizabeth Frances, 197.
Oliver Hazard Perry, 197, 199.
Philip, 254.
Richard, 142, 181.
Robert, 293, 295.
Robert Issachar, 197.
Thomas, 380, 382.
Virginia Emma, 197.
W. Presoott, 164.
Walter, 141, 142.
Walter, Col, 368.
William Bernard, 197. Smith College Studies in History,
406. Sraither, Gabriel, 195.
Gettie (Calvert), 195. Priscilla, 198. Smoot, Lewis Egerton, 64. Smyth, Thomas, 263. Smythe, Joseph P., elected, 397. Snow, John, 225. " Society of the Ark and Dove," 63,
64. Soldiers Delight, 210, 229, 230. Soldiers Delight Branch. 209. Soldiers Delight Hill, 210. Soldiers Delight Hundred, 209, 230. " Soldier's Road," 207. Sollers' Point Road, 215. Some Early Colotst:al ISlARYLAin)- ERS. McHenry Howard, 19, 179.
INDEX.
441
Some Letters from Coreespond- ENCE OP James Alfred Pearce. Ed. hy Bernard C. Steiner, 150. Somersett, Anne (Calvert), 56.
Charles Seymour, Qth
duke of, 59. Clare (Calvert), 56. Edward Maria, 56. Somersett County, Md., 362, 367,
368. Soothoff, Ida Helen, 203. Sparks, Anne C. (Eandolph), 329.
Jared, 329, 406. "Speedwell," 145.
Spence, Charlotte Augusta (Cal- vert), 317. Lea, Judge, 161. Thomas Henry, 317. Mrs. W. W., Jr., elected, 397. Spencer, Edward, 209, 210, 259. Francis, 287, 289. Mary ( — ) Anderson, 287,
289. Samuel W., 156. Walter, 286. Zachariah, 252. Sperna, Joseph, 294. Spernon, Alice ( — ) Hinton, 376, 378. Joseph, 376, 378. Spesutia Island, 126, 127. Spesutia Narrows, 127. Spicer, Ellinor ( — ) Windon, 377. Spiller, Anne Strother (Calvert), Smith, 199. Henry, 199. Spinkes, Enoch, 137. Eoger, 145. Spracklin, — , 286.
Elizabeth ( — ) Mackye, 286, 287. Sprigg, J., 61.
Rebecca, 315. Thomas, 61. Spring Run, 138. Spry, Christopher, 283, 286. Johanna, 287. Mary, 287. Stabler, Edward, Jr., 65, 79. Stafford, Marv (— ) Todd, 289. Sarah ( — ), 289. William, 289... Stagg, Margaret ( — ) Gittings, 289,
290. Stanborough, Tobias, 112. Standley, William, 289, 291. Stanesby, Br. John, 287, 372.
Mary (Spry), 287, 372.
Stansbury, Thomas, Jr., 135.
Tobias, 111, 112, 113. Stanton, Blanche (— ), 373, 377.
William, 373, 377. Staples, Anna ( — ), 380, 382.
Henry, 380, 382. Starnborrow, see Stansberry. Stasely, James, 369. Stealey, Miss — , 14. Stearling, Christian ( — ) , 378.
Thomas, 378. Steele, David, 197.
Mary Elizabeth Frances (Smith), 197. Steevens, Elizabeth, 282. John, 285. Richard, 282. Steiner, B. C. James Alfred
Pearce, 319. Steiner, B. C, ed. Some Jjetters from Correspondence of James Alfred Pearce, 150. Steiner, B. C, 64, 65, 66. Stephens, James C, 221. James M., 220. Stevens, Gyles, 370.
Sarah (— ), 370. Stevenson, Edward, 233. John, 61, 62. Stevenson Station, 212, 213. Steward, John, 225. Stewart, Charles, Dr., 315. David, Dr., 314. Eleanor ( Calvert ) Custis,
314. Elizabeth, 315. Elizabeth (Calvert), 315. George, Dr., 314. Mrs. Henrietta, 322. James, 315. John, 222, 224. Rebecca (Sprigg), 315. Stier, Henri Joseph, 315.
Maria Louise (Peeters), 315. Rosalie Eugenia, 315. Stinchcomb, John, 244.
Nathaniel, 245. Stinson, John, 288.
Rachel (— ) Neale, 288. Stoakes, Anne ( — ) Mason, 294, 295.
Peter, 294, 295. Stockbridge, Henry, Judge, 63, 64, 65. Mrs. Henry, elected, 64. Stockett, J. Noble, 63, 64. Stockley, James, 285. Mary, 285.
442
MARYLAND HISTOEICAI. MAGAZINE.
Stone, Anne, 12.
Elizabeth, 191, 318, 390, 391. Margery (— ), 298. Matthew, 298.
Thomas, 261, 263, 264, 267, 269, 272 f., 341, 345, 349, 350. Verlinda (Cotton), 191. William, Gov., 23, 191, 390. Storey, Walter, 368. Story, Frederick W., 114, 242. " Stout," 245, 246. Straus, Philip Gutman, 64. Strawbridge, Honora ( — ) Furnace, 381, 382. John, 381, 382. "Street's Adventure," 121. Stribling, Elizabeth Taliaferro, 202. Francis Taliaferro, 200. Olive Caldwell (Jackson), 200. Strieker, George, Capt., 265, 266. Strother, Anne, 198.
Anne (Strother), 198. Benjamin, 202. Delia, 200. Elizabeth, 202. Francis, 193, 198. John, 198. John, Capt., 198. Mary, 198. Mary Wade, 198. Mary Willis (Wade), 198. Susannah (Dabney), 193, 198. Stuart, J. E. B., Gen.. 68.
Julia (Calvert), 316. Richard Henry, Dr., 316. Sudler, Cecily ( — ) Bright, 296, 298.
Joseph, 296, 298. "iSulgrave Manor," 401, 402. Sullivan, Michael J., elected, 397. Summers, William, 117. Sumner, Charles, 164.
Edwin Vose, Col, 172, 178. Sumwalt Eun, 113. "Sunshine Avenue." 210. Susquehanna Indians. 254. Susquehanna Road, 257. Susquehannah Ford, 253. Susquehannah Upper Ferry, 137.
138. Sussex (ship), 361. Sutton, Hester (— ) Besson, 292, 295. Thomas, 292, 295. Swan Creek, 126. Swann, Thomas, Gov., 154. Swanson, Edward, 282, 297, 298.
Swanson, Henrietta (— ), 282, 297,
298. Swearingen, Joseph van, 191.
Mary (Neale) Egerton Adderton van, 191. Swingate, Benedict, see Calvert. Sydney, J. C, 220. Symington, Donald, 67.
Jack, 67. Symonds, George, 296.
TaDor, Frances, 199.
Talbot, Dorothy ( Calvert ), 54.
Elizabeth, 385.
Frances, 54.
Frances (Talbot), 54.
George, 55.
Grace (Calvert) lady, 54.
James, 54.
Richard, 54.
Robert, Sir, 54.
William, 55. Talbott, John, 236.
William, 233. Talbott County, Md., 362, 367, 368. Taney, Margaret (Beckwith), 379.
Michael, 379, 384.
Roger Brooke, 307, 313. " Tanyard," 244, 245. Tapnal, William, 135. Tasker, Anne, 189.
Anne ( Calvert ) Brooke Brent, 190.
Benjamin, 226, 228, 254.
Benjamin, Col., 180, 189.
Benjamin, Gov., 188, 189.
Elizabeth, 188, 189.
Elizabeth (Thompson) Brooke Cosden, 188.
John, 179, 189.
Thomas, Capt., 179 ff.
Thomas, Judge, 190. " Tasker's Camp," 188. Tassell, Elizabeth (— ), 290, 291.
Francis, 290, 291. Taylor, Arthur, 287.
Catherine Ann, 196, 393.
Elizabeth, 287.
James, 287.
John. 142. 145. 147, 148, 149, 287, 293, 378.
Mary, 287.
Mary (— ) Allen, 283.
Marv Malisa, 196.
Priscilla, 378.
Robert, 283.
Thomas, 254.
Zachariah, 337. Teal, Edward, 244, 245.
INDEX.
443
Teal, Emmanuel, 243, 245, 246.
Euth, 244, 245. " Teale's Search," 246. Thorn, De Courcey W., 65, 67, 395, Thomas, Gen., 152.
Alexander, 380, 382. Elizabeth Stewart ( Cal- vert), 317. James W., Dr., 64. John, Col., 114. Mary (— ) Evans, 380, 382. Philip Francis, Gov., 322. Richard, 335. Kobert, 376, 378. William Douglas Nelson, 317. "Thomas's Run," 137. Thompson, Elizabeth, 188. George, 147. H. Oliver, 65, 79. Henry F., 186. Jacob, 177. James, 188. Michael, 377, 378. Robert, 372, 373. Sarah Anne (Calvert), 201. " Thompson's Lott," 147, 148, 149. Thornborough, Rowland, 120. Thorne, George, 194.
Jane (Settle), 194. Mary, 194.
Mary (Calvert), 194. Nicholas, 194. Thoroughgood, Adam, 5, 6. Ann, 6.
Ann (Edwards), 5. Anne, 5. Edward, Sir, 5. Elizabeth, 6. John, Sir, 5. iSarah (Offley), 5. iSarah Offley, 6. William, 5. Thorpe, Mary (Banks), 56. Three Branch Points, 243. Three Pond Branch, 240, 243. Three Prong Branch, 240, 243. Thurgood, — , 55.
Anne (Philipsin), 55. Thurston, Thomas, 246.
Thomas, Col., 142, 143. William, 143. Thurston's Road, 141. 143. Tidings, Richard, 383. Tilghman, James, 261, 263, 267. Lloyd, 156.
Matthew, 263, 264, 341, 343, 345, 349.
12
" Timbered Level," 209. Todd, Anne (Gorsuch), 113. Mary (— ),289. Sarah, 289. Thomas, 289. Thomas, Capt., 113. " Todd's Range," 215, 216, 242. Toleration Act, 1649, 182. Tolley, Walter, 134, 135, 147. "Toms," 218. " Toms Choice," 218. Toney, Caroline, 200. Torsch, C. Burnett, elected, 397.
Mrs.'C. Burnett, elected, 397. Toulson, Andrew, 298. Tovey, Samuel, 376, 378. Towlson, Andrew, 297. Townhill, Edmund, 376, 378. Towson, Md., 120, 135, 146. " The Tract," 236. "Traymore," 121. Treanor, Michael D., 16.
Sarah Massilon (Fowke), 16. " Trentham," 214. Treveale, Mary ( — ) Luflfman, 372.
William, 372. Trippe, James McC, 66, 68, 396. Trueman, Anne, 283.
Elizabeth, 283. James, 283. Martha, 283. Thomas, 283.
Thomas, Major, 254, 255. "Truemans Acquaintance," 145. Tubman, Mrs. Samuel A., elected,
394. Tucker, Anna Maria (Jackson) , 200. Robert J., 200. Thomas, 375, 378. William, 244. Tuckner, see Tucker. Tulley, Edward, 135, 136. Turberville, Gilbert, 286, 287.
Lydia ( — ) Pearce, 286, 287. " Turkey Cock Hall," 120. Turner, Ellinor ( — ) James, 376, 378. John, 376, 378. Sarah, 194. Twohig, Elizabeth Priscilla (Cal- vert), 199. John, 199, 393. Twohis, see Twohig. Tyer, James, 378.
Rebecca (— ), 376, 378, 380. Tyler, Joane Reade, 281. Robert, 368.
444
MARYLAND HISTOEICAL MAGAZINE.
Tyler's Quarterly Historical and Genealogical Magazine, 406.
UUer's Alley, 242. Underwood, Anthony, 383, 384.
Martha (— ), 383, 384. Ungle, Robert, 367, 368. " United Addition," 138. Unptiblished Peovinciai- Records,
354. Utie, Elizabeth (— ), 385.
George, 380, 382.
Nathaniel, 385.
Susannah ( — ), 382. Utye, see Utie.
Van Buren, Martin, 330, 335. Vanderheyden, Margaret ( — ) Ward, 383. Matthias, 383. Vassall, John, Col., 27. Vaughan, Abraham, 116.
Elizabeth (— ), 381, 383. Sara (— ) Russell, 281. William, 381, 383. Vaughn, Ruth ( Martindale ) , 298.
Thomas, 298. Veazey, Thomas W., 151. Vernon, Capt., 314. Veyney, Henry, 378.
Thomasin (— ), 378. Villiers, Barbara, 57. Vincent, John M., 66. Vines, Martha ( — ), 384.
Samuel, 384. Vowles, Margaret ( — ) Cole, 374, 378. Richard, 374, 378.
Wade, Mary Willis, 198. Walker, George, M. D., 215, 216. Jane (— ), 370, 371. Susannah, 371. Thomas, 370, 371. Walker's Mill, 215, 216. Wall, G«orge, Jr., 248. Wallis, Philip, 332. Walter, Christopher, 244. Walterlin, Elizabeth, 281. Grace, 281. Walter, 281. Wamsley, Martha, 379. Thomas, 379. Ward, Henry, 383.
Margaret ( — ), 383. Warde, Marv ( — ) Credwell, 288, 292. William, 289. Waring, Bazill, 287.
Waring, Sampson, 285, 287.
Sarah, 285, 287. Warner, Anne (Hopkins), 381.
Samuel, 384. " Warner and Hanna's Plan of the
City of Baltimore, 1801," 242. Warren, Elizabeth (— ), 377, 379. (Humphrey, 294, 295. Margery ( — ) Rowlandts,
294, 295. Thomas, 377, 379. Warrin, Sarah (— ), 290, 292.
Thomas, 290, 292. Warwick, Anna Calvert (Jackson), 200. James Burr, 200. Washington, G. C, 158.
George, 158, 159, 160,
314. camp chest, 337. portrait , by Charles Willson Peale, 402. Martha Custis, 314. Waterlin, Walter, 280. Waterloo Ford, 259. Waters, Susanna ( — ) White, 282. Waterworth, Mrs., 74. Watkins, Alice ( — ) Barnett, 385. Francis, 113, 126, 127. James C, 198. Lydia ( — ), 292, 295. Mary Anne ( Calvert) , 198. Thomas, 292, 295. Watson, William H., 335. Watson's Island, 256. Watts, Ann ( — ) Carmeday, 374, 378. Richard, 27. William, 374, 378. Weaver, Ann (— ), 381, 383.
Richard, 381, 383. Webb, J. W., Col, 152. 153.
Lucy Ware, 202. Webster, Isaac, 258.
John, 137, 141. "Webster's Forest," 141. Weems, — , 61.
John, 309. Weir, Clara, 197. Weire, Elizabeth, 27, 28. John, 27.
John, Major, 27, 28. Welch, Pearce, 136. Wells, Charles, 224, 229, 230, 238. George. 287, 288, 289. George, Vol., 126, 254. James, 114, 214. Johanna ( — ), 289. John, 223.
INDEX.
445
Wells, Robert, 287. Welnerstone, Margaret ( — ), 377, 378 Walter, 377, 378. Welsh, Anne (— ) Grose, 281, 282. Daniel, 110, 112. John, 281, 282, 375, 379. Mary (— ), 375,379. Pierce, 121. Wentz, Abdel Ross, 403. West, —,61.
Isabel, 2. John, 253, 368. John, Sir, 2. Joseph, Dr., 16. Robert, 138, 252. Susan (Fowke), 16. West Glade, 123. Western Falls of Patapsco, 208. Western Glade, 211. Western Run, 123, 213. Westport, 254. ^'Westwood," 138. Wharton, Dabney M., D. D., 320.
Ophelia (Pearce), 320. Wheeler, Elizabeth (Cooke), 2.81, 284. George, 198. James, 376, 379. James R., 205. Lydia (Calvert), 198. Samuel, 281, 284. Wheelock, Edward, 283, 287.
Mary Buckall, 283, 287. Whelan, Hester, 59. Whetstone, Mary, 287. Niome, 287. Stephen, 287. Whetstone Branch, 117. Whetstone Neck, 117. Whicherly, Jane (Jean) ( — ) Fan- ning, 375, 379. Thomas, 375, 379. Whipps, John, 244, 245. White, Ambrose, 8r., 295. Ambrose, Jr., 295. Grace, 295. Gustavus, 289. Guy, 284, 287, 293, 295. James, 282. John, 290, 292, 313. P h i 1 i 3 ( — ) Homes or
Howes, 289. Sarah (— ), 284, 287, 293,
295. Stephen, 291. Susanna ( — ), 282. Thomas, Col, 144. Wrixam, 295.
"Whitehaven," 110, Whitfield, Mary, 203. Whittington, John, 369.
William, Col, 361. WicKs, Anna, 377, 378. Joseph, 377, 378. Widows in Maryland, 369 ff. Wilkinson. William, 368. William III, king of Great Britain,
180, 181, 182, 184. Williams, C. T., 67, 403. Charles, 198. Elie, 403.
Elizabeth (Calvert), 198. George Weems, 66. Grace ( — ),371. James, 371. Jane (— ),292. Joseph, 369. Louisa Steuart, 68. Mary ( — ) Robinson, 369. N. Winslow, 66. Otho Holland, 73, 403. Owen, 244. Susan, 403. U. F., 151, 152. William, 246, 292, 376. Willing, Thomas, 342. Willmot, John, 232, 247. Wilmott, Richard, 134, 135. Wills, Catherine Elizabeth (Fowke), 17. Francis R., Dr., 17. Marcus, 15. Mary J. (Fowke), 15. Wilson, Anne (— ), 292, 295. Benjamin Kidd, 134. Elizabeth, 200. J. Appleton, 51. James, 342. N., 15.
Susan (Fowke), 15. William, 292, 295. Winder, Levin, Gov., 337. William S., 337. Windon, EUinor ( — ), 377.
Thomas, 377. Windsor Mill Road, 220, 246, 247,
248. Winsmore, Katharine ( — ), 288, 289, 295. Robert, Dr., 288, 289, 295. Winters Run, 125, 128, 130, 132,
133, 140. Winthrop, R. C, 163. Wise, Henry A., 152, 153. "Wiske alias Danby," 51. Wodsworth, Richard, 287.
Susanna ( — ), 287.
446 MARYLAND HISTORICAL MAG^INE.
Wolseley, Anne, 55. Wright, W. H. De Coursey, M. D.,
Thomas, Sir, 55. elected, 397.
Wood, James, 195. William, 372, 373.
Sarah Anne (Calvert) ,195. Wroth, Elizabeth, 53, 54. Wooden, John, 220, 231, 232, 233, John, Sir, 53.
234, 247. Lawrence C, 66.
Solomon, 247. Mary (Rich) Lady, 53, 54.
Woodensburg, 210. Thomas, Sir, 53, 54.
Woodruff, D. W., 16. Wyndham, Charles, Earl of Egre- SusanRosabelle (Fowke), mont, 59.
16. Frances Mary (Har-
Woods, Willie Anne, 195, 390, 393, ford) , 59.
Woodson, Marenda (Fowke), 15. George Francis, Uh
Stephen, 15. Earl of Egremont, 59.
Woodville, Elizabeth, 54, 403. William Frederick, 59.
Richard, 54. Wyne, Elizabeth ( — ), 370. Wootten, Simon, 287. Francis, 370, 371.
Susanna (— ) Wodsworth, Wynne, Anne ( — ), 373, 379. 287. John, 373, 379.
Workman, Anthony, 290, 292. Wynall, John, 296, 297.
Joane (— ) Dunn, 290, Katherine (— ), 296, 297.
292. Wythe, George, 342. Worrall, Margaret, 289, 292.
Rob?rTl74"379^^^* ^ates, Rebecca (-) Tyer, 378, 380. yxr +1,- ^^'^^"^ "^it' '*'^- Robert, 378, 380.
Worthington, -, 61. Yeat, John, 244.
NE 15 ' ^^°' Semelia (— ) Garrettson, 293.
Samuel, 368. Young, Jacob 256. Sarah E. (Fowke), 15. ^^^^'P^'^'- , . ,-t
Worthington Valley, 257. ^^7 ^??^^f]' ■^'•
Wouenshens, Hannah, 247. Nathaniel, 247.
Wright, Arthur, 292, 295. Samuel, 359.
Jane •Ryder, 281.
Solomon, 369. Zachiah Swamp, 255, 256.
Thomas, 281. Zone, James, 383. William, 144. Patience (— ) Clocker, 383.
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