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Tornado!* 


The  Latest  State  of  the  Art  in  2  Meter  Mobile 


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73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     3 


■i 


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4     73  Magazine  *  April,  1982 


1924-F  West  Mission  Road,  Escondido,  CA  92025 

Phone  (714)  747-3343 


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10 


TVRO  Dish  Selection  Tactics 

—  Satellite  Central,  part  V 


The  Sinkhole 

That  Ate  Winter  Park 

—  hams  vs.  hole , KA4RUL 


Taylor  Howard: 
TVRO  Trailblazer 


Gibson 


18 


E3 


-   ■   -•    -m   m    m    ■    i 


............ 


...N8RK 


apr.  82 

MA  GAZINE 


TVRO  Q  &  A 

0  —advice  from  WB0POP  —  part  II 

WB0POP 


iMIiMli 


V 


Vol.  XXII  No.  7 


54 


60 


62 


ACT-1— 120 


Operation  Skywarn 

—  tracking  tornadoes  with  two  meters 
,.....- .........AVB5ZAM 


24 


Measure  Ohms  with 
Your  Calculator? 

— yes,  and  accurately,  too! 

Scanning  with  the  IC-280 


Johnson 


28 


N7AAD 


36 


Detect  Killer  Tornadoes 

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50 


VHF  Converter 

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-  *    bf-t+laa  +   4   +   i    ■  H 


i    >»>>>    p   p   m   *   ■     I    i 


Edwards 


Compugrams  Are  Here 
^jj    —  BASIC  message  handling 

Flash  and  Crash  101 

—  how  to  weather  the  storm. .. 


K1NYK 


Stormy  Weather 

—  to  be  forewarned  is  to  be  forearmed 

,..., „W9CCI 


•  ■ttlMt'--t-iltnltiiTitlifiliiititH 


68 


76 


94 


102 


Never  Say  Die- 6,  Social  Events- 82,  Ham  Help -8b,  136, 144, 145,  146,  Review-  120,  DX-123,  Fun! -125, 
Reader  Service- 130,  New  Products-  132,  tetters- 134,  RTTY  Loop -137,  Contests— 138,  Awards- 141, 
Corrections— 145,  OSCAR  Orbits- 146,  Propagation  — 177,  Dealer  Directory  — 177 

Cover.  This  month's  cover  by  Ale*  Stevens  depicts  the  astonishing  350-mater  {1 1 491  rotating  tower  ol  French  amateur  Pierre  Avrii  FtOL  Erected  during  the  spring  and  sum- 
mer ol  1901,  tha  massive  structure  tapers  from  5.35  metefs(ir2-W)  at  the  base  to  1.25  meters  (*'  M/4"}  at  In*  top.  II  was  designed  with  the  assistance  of  Swedish  engineer 
Vassa  Lappet  SL  t  M  and  Is  constructed  entirely  ol  scrap  metal  salvaged  Irom  the  Saturn  V  project  and  Soviet  world's  fair  exhibits.  Pierre,  who  operates  mostly  CW,  is  an  avid 
county  hunter  end  holds  numerous  operating  awards,  He  credits  his  now  potent  signal  to  the  use  of  6cm  (2-1/4")  nitrogen  filled  hardline,  his  trusty  TH6DXX,  end  the  selection 
ol  a  hilltop  OTH.  This  triumph  of  ihe  smeieur  spirit  is  located  at  Pierre's  home  in  the  quiet  village  ol  St.  FoudesOndesCourtes,  Depl.  de  1a  Haute  Tour,  southern  France. 
Look  lor  the  construction  details  on  this  monster  In  an  upcoming  issue  of  7"3 


73  Magazine  *  ApriM982     5 


W2KSD/1 

NEVER  SAY  DIE 

ed/tor/a/  by  Wayne  Green 


WE'VE  BEEN  BASHED 

Word  has  leaked  out  that  Dick 
Bash,  the  chap  who  publishes 
the  books  with  the  answers  for 
the  FCC  tests,  is  about  to  bring 
suit  against  QST  because  they 
won't  let  him  advertise  his 
books.  Well,  I  don't  know  what 
their  excuse  is  for  that.  I  suspect 
that  they  just  don't  want  to  help 
sell  a  book  in  direct  competition 
with  their  Q&A  Manual  which 
does  about  the  same  thing,  only 
not  Quite  as  wa» 

There  was  a  tuss  a  little  while 
back  when  the  FCC  was  report- 
ed to  have  lowered  the  boom  on 
Ham  Radio  magazine,  essential- 
ly telling  *em  that  it  they  con- 
tinued  to  carry  ads  for  the  Bash 
books,  the  FCC  would  cut  off  in- 
formation for  their  HR  Reports 
(now  defunct}.  The  FCC  has 
made  no  bones  about  being  very 
upset  over  what  they  see  as  a 
total  defeat  of  their  license 
exams. 

My  own  view  is  that  Bash's 
books  are  one  of  the  most 
destructive  forces  in  amateur 
radio.  They  have  removed  the 
last  vestige  of  need  for  a 
newcomer  to  bother  to  learn 
even  a  shred  of  knowledge 
about    the   technical   end   of 


things,  opening  the  gates  to 
anyone  who  can  learn  the  code 
at  five  words  per  minute.  We've 
seen  that  kids  of  four  can  do 
that,  so  It  certainly  is  no  ac- 
complishment worthy  of  great 
pride.  And  so,  while  on  the  one 
side  I  see  most  hams  demand- 
ing that  only  the  code  be  used  to 
keep  out  the  undesirables,  on 
the  other  I  hear  them  bitching 
about  the  growing  mayhem  on 
the  bands  as  new  turkeys  get  on 
the  air 

The  Bash  books,  as  far  as  I'm 
concerned,  are  a  poison  which 
is  rapidly  sapping  the  strength 
of  what  was  once  a  proud  hob- 
by, If  Carrie  Nation  were  around 
today,  she  would  rip  'em  up  and 
let  the  dealers  return  them  to 
Bash  for  a  refund.  Alas,  most 
hams  today  can't  get  their 
wheelchairs  into  the  ham 
stores.*. or  maneuver  their 
walkers  to  the  book  department. 
Only  the  frustrated  CBers  are 
making  it. 

As  far  as  I  know,  only  CO 
is  carrying  ads  for  these  in- 
sidious publications.  The  FCC 
can  make  rules  against  them, 
but  how  can  they  be  enforced? 
So  Bash  goes  on  reprinting  the 
FCC  exams  virtually  word  for 


NEWS  FLASH 

On  February  17,  the  Federal  Communications  Commission 
approved  the  release  of  a  Notice  of  Proposed  Rule  Making 
and  Notice  of  Inquiry  that  could  result  in  a  substantial  expan- 
sion of  the  amateur  HF  phone  subbands.  The  Commissioners 
propose  to  expand  the  present  20-meter  allocation  by  50  kHz, 
giving  General,  Advanced,  and  Extra  Class  amateurs  phone, 
SSTV,  and  facsimile  privileges  from  14.150to  14.200  MHz.  The 
dockett  which  is  labeled  Private  Radio  Bureau  82-83t  has  a 
comment  deadline  of  July  1,  with  reply  comments  due  August 
2.  Along  with  proposing  the  2f>meter  expansion,  the  Commis- 
sioners are  seeking  comments  regarding  the  expansion  of 
other  US  phone  allocations.  73  will  bring  you  the  fuii  text  of 
PRB  82-83  as  soon  as  it  Is  available. 


word,  complete  with  the  an- 
swers. He  started  out  at  FCC  of* 
fices  interviewing  people  who 
had  just  been  through  the  exam, 
getting  everything  they  could 
remember  and  writing  it  down. 
Today  I  think  he  depends  on 
cards  sent  in  by  people  who 
have  just  taken  the  exam.  Its  a 
sure-fire  way  of  totally  destroy* 
ing  the  FCC  test. --and  the 
fabric  of  amateur  radio,  These 
cheat-sheets  have  been  so  suc- 
cessful that  a  large  percentage 
of  the  ham  clubs  who  had  been 
giving  technical  classes  to 
prepare  people  to  pass  the  test 
have  given  them  up.  Why  spend 
the  time  and  money  on  classes 
when  you  can  memorize  a  few 
test  answers  in  a  couple  of 
hours  and  f fy  through  the  exam? 

In  turn,  this  has  been  keeping 
newcomers  to  amateur  radio 
from  having  to  contact  the 
clubs,.. and  has  further 
discouraged  club  membership, 
So  we  are  seeing  many  of  our 
ham  clubs  dying.  Many  are 
becoming  geriatric  events 
where  doddering  old-timers 
regale  each  other  with  tales  of 
long  ago  triumphs. 

If  anyone  out  there  really 
cares  about  getting  amateur 
radio  repaired,  if  anyone  would 
like  to  see  us  be  able  to  provide 
emergency  communications,  if 
you'd  like  to  see  us  start  turning 
out  some  new  inventions  and 
pioneering  new  techniques,  if 
you  are  sick  of  the  crap  on  our 
bands  ..then  start  doing 
something  about  it.  It  is  up  to 
you.  Go  down  to  your  ham  store 
and  talk  the  owner  into  throwing 
out  those  Bash  books.  Tell  CO 
what  you  think  of  their  carrying 
the  Bash  ads.  Let's  take  some 
steps  to  make  this  a  technical 
hobby  again.  Let's  see  what  we 
can  do  to  get  hams  back  into 


building,  experimenting,  and 
pioneering. 

Let's  get  our  ham  contacts 
more  interesting  by  weeding  out 
the  CBers  who  never  grow  up. 
Let's  get  those  technical 
classes  in  clubs  going  again.  I 
want  to  be  proud  to  be  a 
ham. .  .and  so  do  you. 

Carrie  Nation.  ♦  .where  is 
your  spirit? 

THE  CD  DEBACLE 

My  editorials  on  the  almost 
non-existent  state  of  Civil 
Defense  in  the  United  States 
have  apparently  fallen  upon 
apathetic  and  uninterested 
eyes.  I've  had  virtually  no 
response.  Trying  to  get  some  life 
Into  this  desperately  needed 
service  is  like  trying  to  move  the 
Queen  Mary. 

To  go  back  briefly  over  the 
situation:  As  part  of  the  SALT 
agreements  our  politicians,  with 
their  usual  wisdom  and  fore- 
sight made  a  pact  with  Russia 
setting  up  the  main  nuclear 
deterrent  as  Mutual  Assured 
Destruction  (MAD).  We  agreed 
to  not  protect  our  cities  and  peo- 
ple and  Russia  made  the  same 
pact.  Fine  idea. .  Jf  they  blast 
our  cities,  well  blast  theirs,  and 
no  one  wins. 

As  usual  with  Russian  agree- 
ments, the  first  step  to  imple- 
ment it  was  a  massive  building 
of  nuclear  bomb  shelters 
throughout  Russia.  Well, 
they've  done  well  with  this.  If 
you  ever  read  any  news  more 
than  the  ball  scores,  you  know 
that  the  Russian  shelter  system 
is  an  accomplished  fact.  Per- 
haps it  is  time  to  go  back  and 
change  MAD  to  AAD,  American 
Assured  Destruction. 

It  is  unlikely  lhat  our  present 
government  is  going  to  do  any- 
thing serious  to  revitalize  Civil 

Defense,  They're  fighting  to  cut 
expenses,  not  generate 
them, ., fighting  against  the 
massive  social  reform  ex- 
penses. A  recent  study  of 
Sweden  on  PBS  showed  the 
result  of  socialism  carried  to  the 
extreme.  Depressing. 

Amateur  radio  has  never  de- 
pended on  the  government  for 
support.  The  fact  is  that  in  Just 
about  every  case  you  can  men- 
tion, the  government  has  hurt 
amateur  radio  when  it  has  med- 
dled with  It*  Left  to  our  own 
resources,  we  would  have  a 
much  larger  amateur  radio  ser- 
vice, would  be  years  ahead  in 
technology,  and  our  country 
would  not  have  been  passed  by 


6     73  Magazine  •  April,  1962 


KENWOOD 

. . .  pacesetter  in  amateur  radio 


R-1000 

$30P°  OFF 


CASH 
NOW! 


ASK  YOUR  DEALER  FOR  DETAILS 


TR-7730 

$30.00OFF 

WITH  OR  WITHOUT 

MC-46 


TS-130SE  or 


S15.00OFF 


30i>o  OFF 


S15.00OFF 


Participating  Trio-Kenwood  Authorized  Dealers: 


ALABAMA 

Long's  Electronics 

Birmingham,  AL  35233 

(205)  252-7569 

ALASKA 

Reliable  Electronics 

Anchorage,  AK  99503 

f90?)  279-5100 

ARfZONA 

Power  Communications 

lemx,  AZ  65015 
f602)  241-9288 
CALIFORNIA 
Ham  Radio  Outlet 
Burlingame.  CA  94010 
(416)  342-5757 
Ham  Radio  Outlet 
San  Diego.  CA  92123 
(714>  560^4900 
Ham  Radio  Outlet 
van  Nuys.  CA  9i40t 
!  13)  986-2212 
Ham  Radio  Outlet' 
Oakland.  CA  94609 
(415)  451-5757 
Ham  Radio  Outlet 
Anaheim.  CA  92601 
(714)  761-3033 
Henry  Radio,  Inc. 
Los  Angeles.  CA  90025 
C213I  820-1234 

Henry  Radio  ft  Electronics 

Anaheim,  CA  92301 
(7T4)  772  9200 

COLORADO 

CW  Electronic  Sales  Co. 
Denver.  CO  8D202 
<303>  S32-H11 


FLORIDA 

Amateur  Electronic 

Supply 

Orlando,  FL  32803 

(305)  894-3238 

Amateur  Radio  Canter 

Miami,  FL  33137 

(3051  573-6363 

HAWAII 

Honolulu  Electronics 


'■  '■  7  _   ., 


•t  :*  - 


(808)  949-5564 

IDAHO 

Ross  Distributing  Co. 

Preston.  ID  83263 

(206)  352-0630 

ILLINOIS 

Erlckson  Communications 

Chicago.  IL  60630 

(312)  631-5181 

INDIANA 

Graham  Electronics 
Indianapolis.  IN  46204 
(317)  635-5453 
Hoosier  Electronics 
Terre  Haule.  IM  47802 
(812)  238-1456 
Kryder  Electronics 
Fort  Wayne.  IN  46815 
(219)  485-6434 

rOWA 

HI.  Incorporated 

Council  Bluffs.  IA  51502 

(712)  323-0142 

KANSAS 

Associated  Radio  Comm. 

Overland  Park.  KS  66204 

(913)  391-5901 


MARYLAND 
Electronic  Int'l  Service 
Wheaton,  MD  20902 
(301)  946-1088 
The  Comm.  Center 
Laurel,  MD  20810 
(301)  792-0600 
MICHIGAN 
Radio  Supply  A 
Engineering 
Detroit.  Mi  4B201 
(3T3)  435-5660 

MINNESOTA 
Midwest  Amateur 
Radio  Supply,  Incr 

Minneapolis.  MN  55142 
(612)  521-4662 

MISSOURI 
Ham  Radio  Center 
St  Louis,  MO  63132 
(314)  993  6060 
Henry  Radio  Company 
Butler,  MO  64730 
(816)  679-3127 
MidCom  Electronics 
St,  Lows,  MO  63144 
(314)  961-9990 
Missouri  Radio  Center" 
Kansas  City.  MO  6*150 
(816)  741-8118 
MONTANA 

Conley  Radio  Supply 
BNIings,  MT  59101 
(406)  259-9554 


h  I  C"  Ft  i 


Communications  Center 
Lincoln  NB  66508 
(402)  4  76-7331 


NEVADA 

Amateur  Electronic 

Supply* 

Las  Vegas,  NV  89106 

(702)  847-3114 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE 

Tuft's  Radio  & 

Elect.  Supply 

Hudson,  NH  03051 

(603)  883-5005 

NEW  MEXICO 

Electronic  Module 

HobbS.  NM  88240 

f505)  397-3022 

NEW  YORK 

Adirondack  Radio  Supply 

Amsterdam,  NY  12010 

(518)  842-8350 

Harrison  Radio  Corp. 

Long  Island,  NY  11735 

(516)  293-7990 

Radio  World 

Onskany,  NY  13424 

(315)  736-0184 

OHIO 

Amateur  Electronic 

Supply 

Witkkfle,  OH  44092 

(216)  585-7388 

Srepco  Electronics 

Dayton  OH  45404 

(513)  224-0871 

Universal  Amateur 

Radio,  Inc. 

Reynoldstourg,  OH  43068 

(614)  866-4267 

OKLAHOMA 

Derrick  Electronics" 

Broken  Arrow,  OK  74012 

(918)  251-9923 


Radio,  Inc. 

Tulsa.  OK  74n9 

(918)  587-9123 

OREGON 

Portland  Radio  Supply 

Portland,  OR  97205 

(503)  228-8647 

PENNSYLVANIA 

Hamtronies/Trevose 

Trevose,  PA  19047 
(215)  357-1400 
JJ1.S.  Distributors 
York.  PA  17404 
(717)  B54-B624 

SOUTH  CAROLINA 

O.I.S.M.O. 

Communications 

Rockhill,  SC  29730 
{803)  366-7157 

SOUTH  DAKOTA 
Burghardt  Amateur 
Center 

Watertown.  SO  57201 
(605)  666-7314 
TENNESSEE 
Amateur  Radio  Supply 
of  Nashville 
Madison.  TN  37115 
(615)  668-4956 
Memphis  Amateur 
Electronics 
MemphFs.TN  38108 
(901)  683-9125 


TEXAS 

Douglas  Electronics 
Corpus  ChrisU.TX  78404 
(512)  883-5103 
Electronics  Center 
Daiias,TX  75201 
(214)  526-2023 

Hardin  Electronics 

Ft,  Worth,  TX  76112 
(617)  429-9761 
Madison  Electronics 
Houston,  TX  77010 
(713)  658-026B 
Kennedy  Associates 
San  Antonio.  TX  78222 
(512)  333-6110 

WASHINGTON 

A-B-C  Communications 

Seattle,  WA  98155 
(206)  364-8300 
Amateur  Radio 
Supply  Co. 

Seait  e   rVA  98108 
(206)  767-3222 

C-COMM* 
Seattle,  WA  98107 
(206)  784-7337 
WISCONSIN 
Amateur  Electronic 
Supply 

Milwaukee,  Wi  53216 
(414)  442-4200 


"Interim  Dealers 


lis  KENWOOD  BONUS  BUCKS  coupon,  when  presented  to  any  factory  authorized  dealer 
m  TRIO-KENWOOD  COMMUNICATIONS  produr.:  iy  be  used  as  partial  payment  in  the 

amount  ot  $30  00  toward  the  purr  y  new  KENWOOD  model  R-1000,  TR-B40O.  or 

TR-7730  with  MC-46  Of  baste  UP/DOWN  microphone,  or  may  be  used  as  partial  payment 

she  amount  of  Si 5  00  toward  The  purchase  Of  any  new  KENWOOD  model  TS-130S, 
TS-130SE.  or  TS-530S  amati  sqUo  product  The  purchase  must  be  made  during  (he 
period  March  t.  through  June  15,  1962  The  customer  must  present  a  separate  coupon 
(one  only)  for  each  of  the  listed  models  being  purchased.  Additional  coupons  are  available 
from  our  auihorlzed  dealers.  TRIO-KENWOOD  assumes  no  responsibility  for  the  inability 
of  any  of  its  dealers  or  of  itself  lo  deliver  any  specific  product  within  the  period  specified 
in  the  foregoing  Offer  valid  only  in  the  USA  void  where  taxed  or  prohibited  by  law 
Re  idlers  are  not  eligible  to  participate  in  this  program.  This  coupon  is  a  part  of  TRIO- 
KENWOOD  COMMUNICATIONS  'BONUS  BUCKS"  sales  program.  It  has  no  value  unless 

omitted  in  compliance  with  the  rules  of  that  program  prior  to  June  15. 1982. 

®  KENWOOD 

TRIO-KENWOOD  COMMUNICATIONS 


/        /1982 

Model  Purchased 


Date  Purchased 


Dealer  Name: 

Customer 
Name. 


Calf  Sign. 


Address: 


City.  __ 


State/ Zip: 


Customer  Signature: 


73-BB/62 


1 1  West  Walnut,  Compton.  California  90220 


Good  Mar.  1  through  Jutx  15, 1982 


■■ 


STAFF 


PUBLISHERJEDITOR 
Wayne  Green  W2NSDM 

EXECUTIVE  VICE  PRESIDENT 
Snerry  Smyth* 

ASSISTANT  PUBLISH  ERfEDlTOR 
Jen  DeT»ey  VUBfi©1 

ASSOCIATE  PUBLISHERS!  RECTOR 
OF  PUBLICATIONS 

Edward  FflfmanWAlUFY 

MANAGING  EDITOR 
Jorm  Rumen 

ASST    MANAGING  EDITOR 
Su$*n  Ptrifbricfc 

EDITORIAL  ASSISTANTS 

Nanry  Noyd 
Richart)  Phenl* 

CONTRIBUTING  EDITORS 
John  fight* manr.  AG9V 

Larry  Kaha^er  WHJNL 

ADMINISTRATIVE.  ASSISTANT 

Pat  Qrjtham 

ASSOCIATES 

Robert  B*M»r  WB2GFE 

eillGo*neyK£7C 

Sanger  Gr«en 

Dave  ( agram  *4TWj 

Joe  Ka»s*T  G3ZCZ 

Df  Marc  LeiveyWAJAjR 

Bill  Pasternak  WAfllTF 

PeierSlvkK20Att 


PRODUCTION  MANAGER/ 

PUBLICATIONS 

Nanc>  Salmon 

ASST,  PRODUCTION 
MANAGER;  PUBLICATIONS 

MJthaof  Murphy 

ADVERTISING  GRAPHICS 

MANAGERS 

Sieve  Bd  !d*in 

Qrucc  M«Jfh 

Jar»  P*eston 

PRODUCTION 

Ffences  Benton 

Fiona  Oawios 

Linda  Drew 

Sandra  DukeUe 

Matlhe*  Ha 

_  an/ie  Ritson 

Patricia  Ma-ctiQwrsfcyf Allen 

Tt**fc*a0Me&© 

Scoll  PNIbricfc 

Belly  Smith 
Deborah  Stone 

Irene  Van 
Judi  M»fRtse> 
Dcrna  Woftitarth 
Dav'd  WormaN 

PNOTOGRAPffr 

VWilliam  H^ydoSph 

Pagl  B*b^h 

Bryan  Hastings 

Robed  Viiieneuve 

Thomas  VKteneuvf 

rypfsrrrfNG 

Sara  Betted 
Debt'*  Davidson 

Beverly  JacK&on 

Elizabeth  LoeMian 

Anne  RbcchiO 

Kelly  Smith 

Karen  Ste *ar: 

MJeh#*e  0«*RocT»*ti 

Steve  Jewell 

Lisa  Sleine? 


CONTROLLER 
PeTf*r  Cornea 

EXECUTIVE  ASSISTANT 
Leaf  nceO' Netl 

ACCOUNTING  MANAGER 
ud  Keller  KV4GG  i 

CIRCULATION  MANAGER 
Debt  a  Bourti-leaw 

CIRCULATION 

Darn  pay 

6034134  §4?  t 

Pa  jnnslene 

BULK  SALES  MANAGER 
Ginnle  Boudfieau 

ADVERTISING 

M  3024-7136 

Jim  Gray  W1XU,  Mgr 

Nancy  C-amaa.  Assi  Mq' 

Rots  Kenyon  KAiG A v 

Com  ei' a  Tav>(F 


Japan  and  possibly  Russia  in 
technology. 

With  amateur  radio  the  only 
practical  system  for  emergency 
communications,  one  might 
think  that  the  government  would 
be  interested  and  perhaps  even 
cooperative.  But  no,  CO  is  a 
disaster  in  most  areas  of  the 
country.  Few  CD  officials  have 
wanted  to  cooperate  with  am- 
ateurs, so  there  isn't  much  do- 
ing as  far  as  organized  CD  com- 
munications is  concerned*  This 
has  not  stopped  the  CD  officials 
from  spending  all  of  the  money 
allocated  to  their  areas,  even 
though  most,  if  not  all,  of  the 
money  is  wasted. 

We  can  bring  some  light  Into 
this  dark  area  if  readers  with 
personal  knowledge  of  what  is 
happening  in  their  communities 
will  write  and  let  me  know.  Let's 
bring  this  out  into  the  open  and 


see  if  we  can't  get  some  offi- 
cial pressure  to  improve  the 
situation. 

With  or  without  CD  coopera- 
tion, I'd  like  to  see  amateurs  set 
up  a  national  emergency  com- 
munications system. .  .one 
which  would  provide  the  com* 
munications  which  will  be  need- 
ed in  case  of  the  worst.  Re- 
member, if  we  don't  have  such  a 
system  set  up  and  working  on  a 
daily  basis  when  there  is  no 
emergency,  it  is  not  likely  to  be 
of  much  value  when  things  are 
in  an  uproar 

With  some  guidance  and 
leadership,  we  might  be  able  to 
get  many  ham  clubs  to  establish 
special  emergency  teams.  Well 
be  wanting  to  provide  com- 
munications not  only  between 
hams,  but  also  have  a  system  of 
communicating  with  most  of  the 
other  civilian  and  governmental 


radio  services.  This  will  mean 
the  establishing  of  emergency 
communications  centers  with 
their  own  power  and  equipment 
capable  of  operating  on  a  wide 
range  of  frequencies. 

If  any  clubs  are  doing  this, 
we'd  like  to  have  some  pictures 
and  an  article.  This  might  en- 
courage other  groups  to  work 
along  similar  lines. 

Or  would  you  rather  just  rag- 
chew  and  wait,  hoping  that  the 
Russians  will  feel  sorry  for  our 
unprotected  cities  and  be  nice 
enough  not  to  take  advantage? 

KILLING  THE  WOODPECKER 

Yes,  the  damned  thing  is  a 
pain.  And  it  isn't  going  to  go  away 
unless  you  do  something  about 
it.  We  already  know  what  it  is. 
We  know  where  it  is.  We  know 

Continued  on  page  4  4 


Well ...  I  Can  Dream,  Can't  I? 


by  Bandel  Linn  K4PP 


ANI>  Etv"5ni, 


"It's  the  greatest  thing  to  come  along  in  engineering!    Here— for  two 
dollars— is  a  160-meter  antenna. .  .six  inches  long!" 


B     73 Magazine  •  April,  1982 


far  above  average ! 


With  the  new  TR5 


COMING  SOON: 

RV75  Synthesized  VFO 

featuring  the  Drake  "VRTO" 

Frequency  Synthesized  for  crystal -control  led 
stability  ■  VRTO  (Variable  Bate  Tuning  Oscillator*) 
adjusts  tuning  rate  as  function  of  tuning  speed. 

Resolution  to  10  Hz  *  Three  programmable  fixed 
frequencies  for  MARS.  etc.     Split  or  Transceive 
operation  with  main  transceiver  PTO  or  RV7S 

*  Patent  pending 


versatility  and  value  are  spelled  D-R-A-K-E . . 


Dynamic 

"^  RANGE 


ELIABLE 

SERVICE 


The  dynamic  range  of  the  TR5  is  unexcelled  by  any  transceiver  in  its  class.  The  TRS's 
greater  than  0  dBm  third  order  intercept  point  (8S  dB  two-tone  dynamic  range)  at  20 
kHz  spacing  can  be  achieved  only  by  the  use  of  a  passive  diode-ring  double  balanced 
mixer  Drake  was  the  first  to  bring  this  technology  to  the  Amateur  market  with  a 
high-level  mixer  In  the  TR7. 

When  you  purchase  a  TR5*  or  any  Drake  product,  you  acquire  a  product  of  the  latest 
production  techniques,  which  provide  reliable  performance. 

Yet  with  a  product  as  sophisticated  as  one  of  today's  transceivers,  after-sales 
service  is  a  must,  Ask  any  Drake  owner.  Our  Customer  Service  Department  has  a 
reputation  second  to  none. 


Accessories 


K 


ILOWATT 
AMPLIFIER 


Drake  is  the  only  Amateur  Radio  manufacturer  who  offers  a  full  complement  of 

accessories  to  satisfy  almost  every  desire  the  HF  Amateur  may  have.  This  wide 
selection  allows  any  operator  to  assemble  a  station  which  meets  his  needs,  and 
assures  compatible  interfacing  and  styling  instead  of  a  desk  full  of  equipment  with 
a  variety  of  styling  and  poor  operation  as  a  system. 

Everyone  wants  to  be  heard!  The  accessory  L75  and  its  3-500Z  (1200  watts  PEP 
input)  and  a  decent  antenna  will  do  the  trick.  This  rugged  self-contained  amplifier/ 
power  supply  will  put  the  TR5  on  an  even  footing  with  the  best  of  them. 


The  TR5  and  all  Drake  Transceivers,  are  backed  by  the  best  in  engineering.  The  TR5 
is  the  result  of  an  extensive  engineering  effort,  combining  proven  past  techniques 
and  ideas  with  new  state  of  the  art  concepts. 

As  a  result,  the  TR5  wit!  not  be  superceded  by  a  new  model  every  six  months.  It 
represents  a  true  radio  communications  value  that  will  provide  many  years  of 
operating  enjoyment. 


NGINEERING 


See  your  Drake  dealer 

or  write  for 

additional  information. 


R.  L.  DRAKE  COMPANY 


Features*  availability  and  prices  subject  -inge  without  notice  or  obligation 

540  Richard  St  .  Msamisburg.  Ohio  45342.  USA 
Phone:  (51 31 866-2431  •  Tele*  28B-01 7 


Al  Ctkas  KA9CDL 
2172  Stonehenge 
Springfield  It  62702 


Watching  the  Weathe 

a  cheap  and  easy  conversion 


r 


The  converted  fax  unit  The  a  utotrans  former  is  to  the  left  of  the  desk  fax.  The  motor  capaci- 
tors are  shown  between  the  drum  and  the  power  transformer  occupying  the  area  formerly 
used  for  the  exciter  tamp. 

10     73Magazine  *  April,  1982 


The  Western  Union  desk- 
fax  offers  an  inexpen- 
sive approach  to  the  recep- 
tion of  satellite  cloud-cover 
pictures.  This  article  de- 
scribes a  complete  satellite 
receive  system  using  the 
deskfax  recorder.  Little  ac- 
tual construction  is  nec- 
essary and  the  results  can 
be  equal  to  those  of  more 
complicated  systems.  The 
receive  system  and  the  fax 
display  unit  are  separate 
elements  and  are  discussed 
individually. 

Receiver  Conversion 

The  receiver  needed  here 
should  be  capable  of  FM 
reception  somewhere  be- 
tween 20  and  50  MHz  and 
should  be  tunable  in  order 
to  compensate  for  Doppler 
shift.  A  receiving  converter 
is  used  to  bring  the  satellite 
frequencies  within  range  of 
the  FM  receiver.  Several 
radio  sets  which  qualify  are 
listed  in  Table  1. 


All  of  the  receivers  men 
tioned  in  Table  1  sell  for 
less  than  $35  and  one  of 
these  or  a  similar  receiver 
should  be  obtained  first. 
Then  it  is  a  matter  of  select- 
ing a  converter  with  an  out- 
put which  falls  within  the 
tuning  range  of  the  receiv- 
er. The  converter  crystal 
determines  this  output  fre- 
quency. 

One  attractive  prospect 
is  the  use  of  a  converter 
which  reduces  the  incom- 
ing signal  by  exactly  100 
MHz,  A  satellite  signal 
transmitted  at  137.45  MHz 
is  thus  converted  to  37,45 
MHz  and  the  digit  one  is 
mentally  added  to  the  front 
of  the  receiver  dial  How- 
ever, it  should  be  noted  that 
receivers  which  cover  28-39 
MHz  usually  sell  for  about 
ten  dollars  more  than  those 
which  tune  20-28  MHz.  In 
this  case,  the  frequency 
conversion  should  be  in- 
creased to  115  MHz  for  an 
output  of  22  MHz  The  con- 
verter should  not  change 
the  satellite  signals  in  such 
a  manner  that  would  permit 
interference  from  Citizens 
Band  transmitters.  That  is,  a 
frequency  difference  of  110 
MHz  should  be  avoided, 

I  use  an  R-108  military 
surplus  receiver  and  a  con- 
verter purchased  from 
Hamtronics  Co.  The  re- 
ceiver is  more  sensitive 
than  its  BC-603  counterpart. 
but  it  requires  a  filament 
supply  of  6  V  dc  at  6  Am- 
peres as  well  as  a  135-V  dc 
B-plus  supply.  The  R-108 
does  have  some  nice  fea- 
tures to  make  it  a  worth- 
while purchase,  One  is  a 
fixed  level  of  audio  output 
that  is  independent  of  the 
speaker  volume  control. 
The  fixed  output  can  be  fed 
directly  to  the  deskfax  re- 
corder, A  tuning  aid  in  the 
form  of  an  oscillator  is  also 
included. 

A  simple  turnstile  anten- 
na, consisting  of  two 
crossed  dipoles  with  reflec- 
tors, was  made  from  a 
wooden    mast    and    some 


The  Deskfax  conversion  system  described  in  the  text  is  pictured  here.  Although  the  deskfax 
is  shown  with  the  top  cover  in  place,  it  is  better  to  have  the  cover  removed  for  actual  use. 
The  picture  also  shows  the  FM  receiver  and  the  converter,  preampt  and  power  supply  for 
the  solid-state  circuits, 


V4-inch  aluminum  tubing. 
RC-59  was  used  as 
feedline.  This  antenna  pro- 
vides excellent  signals  and 
good  pictures  can  be  ob- 
tained on  overhead  passes. 
Once  the  satellites  have 
been  heard,  the  orbit  calcu- 
lations are  quite  simple. 

Some  simple  DXing  and 
notetaking  will  reveal 
enough  information  for 
short-term  predictions  of 
the  next  satellite  pass. 
Commercially-available 
satellite-tracking  kits  such 
as  the  one  the  ARRL  pro- 
vides for  the  OSCAR  sat- 
ellites  are   helpful    in    the 


initial  efforts  to  understand 
orbital  mechanics  and  the 
unusual  behavior  it  imparts 
to  satellite  paths. 

Picture  Display 

The  deskfax  conversion 
is  almost  as  simple  as  the 
receiving  system.  The  desk- 
fax  unit  is  used  essentially 
as  is,  with  only  minor  mod- 
ifications made  for  con- 
venience Since  no  type  of 
transmission  is  desired  in 
this  unit  some  of  the  trans- 
mit circuitry  is  disabled  or 
removed. 

Once  the  deskfax  unit  is 
obtained,  a  few  operational 


checks  should  be  made. 
The  first  check  is  to  see  that 
the  unit  functions  when  the 
incoming  and  outgoing  but- 
tons are  pressed.  It  should 
be  noted  which  of  the  re- 
lays operate  in  each  mode, 
paying  attention  to  the  in- 
coming function. 

A  relay  marked  LRP  lo- 
cated near  the  back  of  the 
unit,  must  be  operated 
manually  as  the  incoming 
switch  is  pressed.  A  rubber 
band  stretched  around  the 
LR  contact  wafer  and  at- 
tached to  the  6AU6  tube, 
located  between  relays  TR 
and  ACK,  provides  a  conve- 


Radio 

Set 

Type 

Frequency  Coverage 

Notes 

BC-603 

military  surplus 

20-28  MHz 

sold  w/o  power 
supply 

FM06 

military  surplus 

20-28  MHz 

sold  w/o  power 
supply 

BC-683 

military  surplus 

28-39  MHz 

sold  w/o  power 
supply 

R-109 

military  surplus 

28-39  MHz 

sold  w/o  power 
supply 

Radio  Shack 

police  band 

30-50  MHz 

solid  state,  power 

VHP  Pro 

supply  included 

Table  1.  Possible  radios  for  receiver  conversion. 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982 


11 


»h 


*LlG*ME*T 

OSCILLATOR 


R&?9U 


P-9 
PRE  AI#P 


ijfHni 


C*->4* 

converter 

HAMTROMCS 


ZtMHt 


ft- 10* 

FM 
RCVtt 


WJQtC  TO  3*^4*  E° 


4 


FtiEB    LEVEL 
AUDIO  TO 


CESKTAK 


AUTO TRANSFORMER 


MEW 

CAPACITOR 


BOKHf 

-  4 

osc 


JfrAHj 


DIVIDER 
CHAIN 


*qn* 


40  WATT 

AUDIO 

AMPLIFIER 


OUTPUT 


HOT 


SROUBO     JCOHHOH 


Fig.  1.  Block  diagram  of  the  complete  fax  system. 


LEAVE  2  GRA*  WIRES 

TO  LAMP 


TOGGLE 
SWITCH 


LAMP 


POWER  CORD 


meowing     (J== 


SHE Efl  WIRE      I  CONNECT 
TQ  MR  RELAY       T0  OWE  LUG 


PHQWE  JACK 

AUDIO  INPUT 

FRQV 
RECEIVER 


FRONT 


DESKFAX   BOTTOM  VIEW 


BE  A  ft 


Fig.  2.  A  few  simple  wiring  changes  are  needed  to  modify  a  deskfax  unit 


nient  way  to  anchor  this 
relay  into  operation.  Now 
relay  PWR  should  close, 
and  the  6V6  tube  will  start 
to  glow  As  the  6V6  tube 
warms  up,  a  number  47 
lamp  in  the  B-plus  power 
supply  will  also  start  to 
glow,  dimly.  The  relay 
marked  HR  will  close  and 
the  rotating  drum  will  start 
to  advance  toward  the  op- 
posite end  of  the  fax  ma- 
chine At  the  end  of  the 
drum's  travel,  a  screw  lo- 
cated on  the  forward  end  of 
the  drum  touches  a  post 
which  shuts  off  the  incom- 
ing switch  deck,  resets  the 
relays,  and  allows  the  drum 

12     73Magazme  •   April,  1982 


spring  to  return  the  drum  to 
its  original  position. 

If  all  this  occurs,  the  unit 
is  probably  OK  If  the  6V6 
or  HR  relay  fail  to  operate. 
check  the  cathode  and 
plate  voltages  on  the  6V6, 
The  cathode  should  have 
16-20  V  dc  and  the  plate 
should  have  280-300  V  dc. 
Failure  to  read  these 
voltages  indicates  that  one 
of  the  larger  resistors  in  the 
deskfax  is  opened,  The  grid 
voltage  on  this  tube  is  prac- 
tically nil. 

To  the  rear  of  the  drum  is 
the  stylus  arm.  A  small 
aluminum  clip  containing  a 
steel  wire  stylus  fastens  to 


this  arm.  The  incoming 
check  should  be  repeated 

again,  this  time  to  verify 
operation  of  the  stylus. 
With  a  piece  of  fax  paper 
on  the  drum,  begin  the 
testing  procedure  again.  At 
the  rear  of  the  deskfax,  be- 
tween relays  LR  and  ACK, 
there  is  a  pot  listed  as  PI. 
After  the  drum  starts  mov- 
ing, PI  should  be  advanced 
until  the  stylus  begins  to 
burn  the  fax  paper.  If  the 
fax  paper  does  not  burn,  try 
placing  an  audio  signal 
across  the  end  taps  of  the 
transformer  located  near 
the  incoming  switch  deck. 
The  fax  paper  will  burn  ac- 


cording to  the  intensity  of 
the  audio  signal. 

A  new  stylus,  if  needed, 
can  be  made  from  a  steel 
wire  cut  from  a  wire  brush 
or  a  wire  wheel.  It  is  not 
necessary  to  solder  the  new 
wire  to  the  old  stylus  clip; 
merely  route  the  new  wire 
though  the  holes  that  are  in 
the  clip,  then  install  it  in  the 
holder,  Using  this  method, 
it  is  possible  to  attach  a 
2-inch-long  wire  and  extract 
it  toward  the  drum  as  it 
burns  down.  In  this  way,  the 
stylus  need  not  be  changed 
so  often 

Now  the  deskfax  is  ready 
for  conversion.  First,  re- 
move the  wires  that  are 
connected  to  the  coil  of  LR 
Remove  the  buzzer  and  the 
ACK  push-button  switch. 
The  orange  wire  which  fol- 
lows the  switch  deck  har- 
ness should  be  attached  to 
the  ACK  lamp  and  the 
jumper  from  the  push-but- 
ton to  the  lamp  should  be 
deleted.  The  short  gray  wire 
should  also  be  removed. 
The  ACK  lamp  will  now 
have  one  side  connected  to 
3  blue  wires  and  the  other 
side  will  have  2  gray  wires 
and  1  orange  wire.  The  ACK 
tamp  will  not  light.  A  toggle 
switch  should  be  attached 
where  the  push-button  was 
mounted.  Unsolder  the 
power  cord  and  move  it  far- 
ther into  the  chassis  until 
one  wire  will  reach  the  new 
toggle  switch.  Then  solder 
that  wire  to  one  side  of  the 
switch.  Trace  the  remaining 
wire  back  to  the  rear  power 
fuse.  Cut  the  wire  there  and 
solder  it  to  the  empty  termi- 
nal on  the  rear  fuseholder. 
Using  the  piece  of  power 
cord  that  was  just  cut  off, 
connect  the  empty  terminal 
of  the  front  fuseholder  to 
the  remaining  terminal  of 
the  toggle  switch.  This  will 
complete  the  wiring  of  the 
main  power  switch. 

Remove  the  exciter  lamp 
assembly  and  its  trans- 
former If  you  do  not  desire 
to  manually  operate  relay 
LR,  it  may  be  left  on  per- 
manently by  soldering  the 
contacts  together  or  jump- 

Reader  Service  for  teeing  page  **3Q3-* 


HEATH 
AND  HAMS 


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M 


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Fig.  3,  This  40-Hertz  signal  source  drives  an  audio  amplifier  which  powers  the  deskfax  drum 
motor. 

3»F  APPftOaJUATClY 

30OV 

WOU- ELECTROLYTIC 


DRUM  l*QTOH 


apfl 


in 


CONNECT  HOT  LEAD  TO 
APPROPRIATE  TAP  ON 

TRANSFORMER 


1 


: 


'!■! 


Mfll 

LEAD 


sn 


40     < 


40Hi    SIGNAL 
ffiOM  AMPLJf tER 
OUTPUT 


T 


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PRIMARY 
WINDING 
NOT  USEO 


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MEASURED 
AETWEEN 
THESC  TWO 
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f  jg.  4.  The  40-Hertz  signal  from  the  amplifier  is  stepped  up  to  run  the  motor,  A  dc  voltmeter 
placed  at  the  output  of  the  amplifier  will  read  approximately  12  volts  going  into  the 
autotransformer.  A  lower  voltage  indicates  the  amplifier  does  not  have  sufficient  output 
power  to  drive  the  motor 


ering  them.  The  unshielded 
leads  of  the  input  line 
leading  to  the  input  trans- 
former should  be  replaced 
with  shielded  audio  wire. 
The  original  wire  exited 
through  a  hole  in  the  rear  of 
the  chassis.  This  hole  will 
accommodate  a  phone  jack 
very  nicely. 

Up  to  now  the  conver- 
sion steps  described  have 
been  for  the  sake  of  con- 
venience and  could  be  by- 
passed if  desired.  But  the 

14     73  Magazine  ■  Apnl,1982 


final  step  is  a  must.  There 
are  four  wires  that  lead 
from  the  gray  drum  motor 
located  at  the  top  of  the  fax 
machine.  Trace  these  wires 
as  far  back  from  the  motor 
as  possible,  then  clip  them 
loose.  This  should  only  be 
done  after  the  fax  machine 
checks  out  completely.  The 
white  wire  will  attach  to  a 
2.5-^F  capacitor  located  be- 
low the  exciter  lamp  trans- 
former and  this  capacitor 
should  also  be  removed. 


Originally  the  drum  mo- 
tor turned  the  drum  at  180 
rpm;  this  will  not  synchro- 
nize with  any  120-rpm  fax 
signals  presently  used  on 
the  satellite  bands.  In  order 
to  minimize  the  cost  and 
complexity  of  fax  systems, 
a  plan  was  long  ago  devised 
which  makes  use  of  the  ex- 
isting motor  by  altering  the 
frequency  at  which  the 
motor  operates.  This  is  ac- 
complished by  replacing 
the   60-Hertz    line   voltage 


with  one  operating  at  40 
Hertz,  This  system  is  by  no 
means  new,  but  few  details 
have  ever  been  published 
on  how  to  go  about  it.  This 
approach  becomes  more 
desirable  when  fax  units 
which  operate  at  120  rpm 
are  priced 

My  circuit  consists  of  an 
oscillator  and  a  divider 
chain  which  together  pro- 
duce a  40-Hertz  square- 
wave  output  which  is  fed  to 
an  audio  amplifier,  where 
the  signal  is  coupled  to  the 
drum  motor  through  an  au- 
totransformer. A  square 
wave  is  necessary  for  the 
divider   chain    to   function 

properly. 

The  oscillator  circuit  was 
originally  designed  by  Ken 
Cornell  as  part  of  a  trans- 
mitter for  the  license-free 
1750-meter  band  and  was 
first  published  in  the 
newsletter  of  the  Longwave 
Club  of  America.  It  is  with 
Ken's  kind  permission  that 
the  modified  circuit  is  in* 
eluded  here,  The  circuit 
was  selected  for  its  stable 
square-wave  output.  The 
oscillator  and  the  divider 
chain  both  operate  from  a 
five-volt  power  supply.  The 
Cornell  circuit  makes  use  of 
a  crystal  operating  at  80 
kHz  and  divides  the  signal 
down  to  the  20  kHz  the  di- 
vider chain  requires.  Since 
the  oscillator  circuit  was 
designed  for  a  much  higher 
crystal  frequency,  it  may 
take  a  few  seconds  warmup 
time  to  get  the  oscillator 
perking.  A  suitable  substi- 
tute for  Ken's  design  would 
be  an  oscillator  operating 
at  100  kHzf  divided  by  5. 
Only  the  80-kHz  crystal  and 
7473  IC  chip  need  to  be 
changed.  This  should  be 
considered  if  a  100-kHz 
crystal  is  more  readily 
available. 

The  divider  chain  con- 
sists of  a  few  components 
and  a  handful  of  ICs.  The 
frequency  divisions  may  be 
verified  by  monitoring  the 
outputs  of  each  IC  The 
40-Hertz  output  is  then  fed 
to  an  audio  amplifier  I 
used  a  tape  recorder  am- 


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bPACl  '  ■ 


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21 7367-7373 


Dennis  W.  Phillips  KA4RUL 
tWI  ibis  Drive 
Orlando  Fi  328Q3 


The  Sinkhole  That  Ate 

Winter  Park 

hams  vs.  hole 


When  I  locked  the  door 
to  my  business  on 
the  afternoon  of  Friday 
May  8,  1981,  looking  for- 
ward to  a  weekend  of  relax- 
ation, I  did  not  know  that 
within  48  hours  my  faith  in 
terra  f  irma  would  be  shaken 
forever  and  that  my  faith  in 
the  value  of  amateur  radio 

would  be  renewed, 

Winter  Park  is  just  across 
the  city  line  from  Orlando 
and  right  in  the  center  of 
the  state  of  Florida.  The 
area  is  noted  for  the  many 
lakes  which  dot  the  land- 


scape, These  lakes  are  fed 
from  the  massive  Florida 
aquifer,  a  spongy,  water- 
soaked  limestone  bed  that 
lies  under  the  whole  central 
area  of  Florida,  During 
times  of  drought,  the  water 
level  falls  and  the  porous 
rock  can  collapse.  When 
this  happens  on  a  large 
scale,  the  resultant  depres- 
sion is  called  a  sinkhole,  It 
appears  to  be  a  monstrous 
crater  to  the  center  of  the 
Earth  which  is  devouring  its 
surroundings,  It  is  both 
frightening  and,   when  oc- 


curring in  an  urban  area, 
dangerous  and  disastrous, 

Early  Saturday  morning,  I 
was  behind  my  lawnmower 
enjoying  the  Fruits  of  Sub- 
urban Living,  the  Right  to 
Life,  Liberty,  and  the  Pur- 
suit of  Crabgrass,  when  the 
ringing  telephone  offered  a 
respite  from  the  sun.  It  was 
an  employee  of  mine,  call- 
ing to  find  out  it  I  knew  any- 
thing about  my  shop's  con- 
dition. She  had  heard  that 
the  area  was  sinking. 

I  called  the  police  imme- 
diately, but  they  had  no  in- 


18     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


formation  to  give  me  other 
than  the  fact  that  there  was 
a  sinkhole;  they  advised  me 
to  stay  away,  That  same  in- 
formation was  confirmed 
by  a  call  to  the  Fire  Depart- 
ment I  frantically  called 
City  Hall  — no  answer,  Then 
a  thought  flashed  in  my 
mind  and  I  raced  to  the 
shack,  flipped  on  the 
2-meter  rig,  and  dialed  up 
the  local  repeater.  I  called 
for  a  break,  and  there  on 
frequency  and  at  the  sink 
hole  was  a  ham  friend,  Ed 
Cox  WQRAO/4.  He  had  just 
happened  to  be  passing, 
noticed  the  emergency 
vehicles,  and  stopped  for  a 
look!  Ed  described  the  ac 
tivities  and  area  of  involve- 
ment  and  then  advised  me 
on  the  best  way  to  get  into 
the  area 

Armed  with  this  informa- 
tion, I  raced  over  from  my 
home  for  an  inspection.  The 
area  looked  like  a  scene 
from  a  B  horror  movie-  Fair- 
banks Avenue,  normally  the 
main  east-west  road 
through  the  town,  had  a  six- 
block  section  barricaded. 
Many  emergency  vehicles 
skirted  the  perimeter. 
Police  had  established  a 
crowd-control  line  And 
there  in  front  of  the  wid- 
ened eyes  of  hundreds  of 
spectators  was  a  gaping  Cra- 
fteader  S^rvtcs  far  tecmg  page  ^  75— 


A  microthin,  synthesized, 
programmable,  sub-audible 
tone  encoder  that  fits  inside 
the  ICOM  IC-2AT. 


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COMMUNICATIONS 
SPECIALISTS 

426  West  Taft  Avenue,  Orange,  CA  92667 

800/854-0547  California:  714/998-3021 


ter  One  almost  expected 
some  primordial  beast  to 
rear  its  head  from  the 
depths.  The  pit  was  400  feet 
across,  over  150  feet  deep, 
and  contained  a  dry  clean- 
ing plant,  a  TV  store,  a  print 
shop,  six  Porsches,  and  the 
back  end  of  an  auto  repair 
shop.  For  dessert,  it  had 
eaten  a  three-bedroom 
house,  parts  of  two  streets, 

and  an  Olvmpic-size  city 
swimming  pool. 

I  stood  in  the  front  door 
of  my  shop  — just  125  feet 
from  the  rim  — in  total  dis- 
belief, I  had  been  a  resident 
of  central  Florida  for  awhile 
and  knew  that  although 
sinkholes  were  not  too  un- 
common, this  gigantic  one 
was  very  unusual.  A  passing 
police  officer  said  that 
three  other  smaller  sink- 
holes had  opened  up  else- 
where  in  the  county. 

As  the  crater  began  to  as- 
sume a  round  rim,  however, 
I  felt  that  perhaps  my  prop- 
erty would  be  saved.  And 
when  a  telephone  utility 
worker  came  by  and  mut- 
tered that  if  a  nearby  main 
trunk  line  went,  south 
Florida  would  be  sending 
letters  for  a  while,  I  got  an 
idea 

Here  was  the  prospect  of 
a  communication  emer- 
gency and  mounting  na- 
tional and  international  in- 
terest. I  should  set  up  a  por- 
table amateur  station  on 
my  property  near  the  hole!  I 
also  had  easy  access  to  the 
local  geologist's  temporary 
field    headquarters,    where 

20     73 Magazine  •  AprilJ9a2 


complete  factual  informa- 
tion would  be  available  on 
this  and  other  sinkholes. 

I  made  the  ten-minute 
trip  home  and  rushed  into 
the  shack.  I  wondered  — 
what  kind  of  antenna? 
What  rig?  What  about  pow- 
er? I  would  have  to  home- 
brew an  antenna  1  grabbed 
some  RC-58/U  from  a  pile 
of  Hamfest  Fallout.  I  also 
found  some  450-Ohm  lad- 
der line.  In  the  utility  room, 
I  had  a  coil  of  Romex  house 
wiring,  scraps  of  stranded 
copper  wire,  and  an  old  ex- 
tension cord  I  borrowed  a 
marine  battery  from  a 
neighbor.  I  was  certain  that 
I  could  do  something  with 
all  this  wire,  but  to  be  sure,  I 
took  the  matchbox  tuner  I 
also  chose  my  tube-type  rig 
(Drake  R4B  and  T4XB)  rath- 
er than  my  new  solid-state 
rig  because  of  the  reputa- 
tion of  tubes  in  the  finals 
during  high  swr  conditions. 

Finally,  I  took  along  my 
dummy  load,  a  ham's  most 
important  device,  I  knew  I 
could  tune  the  rig  with  the 
known  50Ohm  value  of  the 
dummy  load. 

My  station  wagon  looked 
as  though  I  had  just  come 
from  a  binge  at  a  hamfest. 
My  XYL  came  running  down 
the  driveway  with  a  D-104 
mike  and  a  CW  key.  She  ad- 
vised, "Be  careful.  Honey, 
and  you  need  these,  don't 
you?  I  could  see  bits  of 
tears  in  her  eyes,  and,  had  I 
waited,  I  think  she  would 
have  renewed  her  pledge  to 
get  her  ham  ticket. 


As  f  drove  back  to  the 
shop,  I  heard  national  net- 
work news  on  a  local  sta- 
tion exclaim,  "And  in  Win- 
ter Park,  Florida,  a  mas- 
sive sinkhole  continues  to 
swallow  the  business 
district       " 

I  screeched  to  a  halt  in 
my  parking  lot  and  assem- 
bled the  gear  in  the  front 
room  of  the  shop.  In  the  of- 
fice, I  had  a  fresh  copy  of 
the  May  issue  of  73 ,  and 
there  in  the  pages  was  an  ar- 
ticle on  coaxial  dipoles!  I 
fished  out  the  RC-58/U  and 
home-brewed  a  20-meter 
coax  antenna  My  emergen- 
cy mast  was  a  piece  of  1  x 
2  wood  stuck  down  in  the 
toilet  vent  pipe  on  the  roof 
I  taped  the  center  of  the 
dipole  to  the  mast  using 
duct  tape  and  used  twine  to 
support  the  ends,  one 
strung  from  a  tree  limb  and 
the  other  from  my  business 
sign.  The  feedline  came  in 
through  a  window, 

A  quick  hookup  to  the 
power  supply,  and  the 
tubes  began  to  glow.  The 
antenna  worked!  I  heard 
the  reassuring  crackle  of 
CW,  then  a  fast  load-up, 
and  I  was  on  the  air.  The 
band  was  down  at  the  time, 
but  I  was  reaching  New 
York  and  the  midwest  with 
599  signals.  My  Advanced 
class  ticket  was  barely  a 
month  old,  so  I  went  up  to 
the  phone  bands. 

During  the  next  several 
hours,  the  amateurs  I  con- 
tacted by  CW  and  phone 
were  very  interested  in  the 


facts  about  the  sinkhole 
and  surprised  that  there 
was  an  amateur  station  so 
close  to  the  event.  They 
asked  about  relatives  in  the 
central  Florida  area,  and  we 
would  tell  them  what  we 
knew  about  the  other  sink- 
holes as  well  as  ours.  Sever- 
al amateurs  were  con- 
cerned about  their  proper- 
ties in  Florida,  and  we  pro- 
vided information  regarding 
water  rationing  in  southern 
Florida  as  well  as  on 
sinkhole  damages  in  the 
central  areas. 

Two  days  later,  the  geol- 
ogists and  city  officials  felt 
that  the  massive  hole  was 
stabilized  and  only  minor 
expansion  would  continue 
They  decided  to  open  Fair- 
banks Avenue,  but  for  pe- 
destrian traffic  only.  The 
crowds  were  huge.  The 
Great  Winter  Park  Sinkhole 
became  the  number  one  at- 
traction in  central  Florida, 
We  estimated  that  over 
35,000  people  flocked  to 
the  area  to  see  the  awe- 
some sight,  I  made  some 
quick  arrangements  with  a 
T-shirt  firm  and  reopened 
my  business  to  cater  to  the 
crowds,  On  the  front  coun- 
ter remained  my  portable 
rig,  and  we  continued  to 
operate,  to  the  delight  of 
the  crowds. 

I  was  forced  to  remain  in 
my  building  for  long  hours 
during  the  initial  collapse 
phase  so  that  I  could  re- 
spond to  the  city  engineers 
and  be  informed  of  the  sta- 
tus of  my  property.  After 

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the  worst  was  overp  1  decid- 
ed to  experiment  with  the 

variety  of  materials  I  had 
and  see  just  exactly  what  I 
could  accomplish  in  anten- 
na design  with  the  barest  of 
essentials. 

1  was  pleasantly  sur- 
prised to  find  that  almost 
anything  can  be  made  to 
radiate  The  antenna  tuner 
was  worth  its  weight  in 
gold.  Using  coax  teedline 
and  standard  dipole 
lengths,  I  constructed  ra- 
diators from  stripped 
Romex  house  wiring,  lamp 
cord,  and  even  a  piece 
of  transformer  winding 
The  most  novel  was  a 
length  of  kite-string  doused 
with  salty  water!  We  assem- 
bled it  on  the  roof  and 
sponged  on  the  brine  It 
loaded  up  fine,  but  then 
the  swr  meter  went  crazy. 
The  observer  on  the  roof 
yelled  down,  "Hey,  the  wa- 
ter is  drying  up!"  Either 
the  hot  sun  or  the  rf  was 
evaporating  the  salty  solu- 
tion. We  tried  loading  the 
string  again  at  night  but 
evaporation  was  still  rap* 
id,  so  we  never  did  con- 
clude what  the  real  culprit 
was.  Perhaps  it  was  a 
combination. 

One  fascinating  observa- 
tion was  made  with  an  end- 
fed  zepp.  The  capacitance 
of  ihe  antenna  and  tuning 
values  seemed  to  follow  a 
slow  shift  white  operating 
during  the  day  and  evening. 
I  was  baffled  The  40-meter 
antenna  hadn't  moved,  we 
hadn't  readjusted  the  rig, 
and  nothing  seemed  to 
have  changed.  Late  in  the 
evening,  however,  a  geolo- 
gist was  updating  me  on  the 
hole  and  mentioned  that 
the  water  was  slowly  rising 
in  the  bottom  of  the  sink- 
hole. Could  it  be  that  the 
capacitance  to  ground  had 
been  changing  and  it  was 
detected  by  the  tuning 
values  of  the  antenna? 
Since  the  level  of  water  in 
the  hole  was  the  basic  level 
under  the  building  and  an- 
tenna also,  perhaps  we  had 
discovered  a  way  of  mea- 

22     73  Magazine  *  April,  1982 


suring  the  water  table  using 
antenna  values! 

There  did  seem  to  be  a 
correlation,  and  the  head 
geologist  was  excited  about 
the  prospects.  This  was  real 
ham  radio— experimenting. 
learning,  and  discovering! 

On  the  operational  side,  I 
learned  a  lot  of  things  since 
most  of  the  time  I  was  in  the 
middle  of  a  pileup.  I  found 
it  difficult  to  write  down  the 
calls  and  reports  and  work 
the  PTT  button  or  the  key,  I 
soon  developed  the  skill  of 
writing  with  the  right  hand 
and  working  the  PTT  with 
the  left  A  footsw itch  would 
have  been  nice! 

I  gave  up  on  VOX  action 
due  to  the  local  noise  level. 
On  phone,  rather  than 
working  one  station  at  a 
time  and  then  calling  QRZ, 
I  copied  down  all  the  calls 
I  could  hear  within  about 
10  seconds  and,  as  the  ac- 
tion died  down,  repeated 
their  calls.  As  soon  as  I 
had  a  list  of  a  dozen  or  so, 
I  worked  each  of  the  calls 
on  the  list,  I  found  this  sys- 
tem to  be  much  more  effi- 
cient than  creating  a 
shouting  match  after  each 
call,  On  CW,  I  found  the 
operators  to  be  a  little 
easier  to  work.  I  also  dis- 
covered that  the  pileups 
occurred  on  CW  down 
around  14.025  to  14.030, 
the  secret  hideout  of  the 
fluent  CW  ham. 

To  encourage  participa- 
tion with  us,  we  developed 
a  certificate,  the  W.A.S.,  or 
"Worked  All  Sinkholes." 
This  bit  of  wallpaper  served 
as  a  QSL  and  as  an  item  to 
create  interest. 

Armed  with  a  hemi- 
sphere map.  I  began  to  plot 
areas  where  our  signal  was 
reaching  at  various  times  of 
the  operation.  Sure  enough, 
you  could  see  the  zones  as 
the  reports  came  back  to 
us.  I  reconfirmed  that  by 
raising  the  antenna  one 
lowers  the  angle  of  the  radi- 
ation and  thereby  changes 
the  area  of  coverage. 

I  continued  to  learn 
things  back  in  the  shack.  I 


began  to  make  lists  of  the 
things  to  remember  during 
portable  operation:  Re- 
member a  box  of  spare 
fuses!  Don't  smoke  around 
a  battery;  the  bubbles  are 
hydrogen!  When  you  do  run 
an  ac  power  line,  tape  it 
down  so  that  you  don't  trip 
over  it.  Little  pieces  of  col- 
ored tape  help  to  code 
things  such  as  ground  wires, 
coaxes,  and  connecting 
cords.  Be  sure  to  log  all 
third-party  traffic.  Be  as 
neat  as  possible  on  your 
main  log  or  you  find  your- 
self wondering  whether  it 
was  a  U  or  a  V,  and  what 
was  that  other  letter? 

I  was  amazed  at  the  reac- 
tion of  the  general  public  to 
the  operating  amateur  sta- 
tion. They  seemed  in- 
terested in  the  phone  opera- 
tion and  somewhat  con- 
fused by  the  CW.  Using  very 
unscientific  sampling 
methods,  the  "sinkhole 
poll"  showed  that  fewer 
than  one  in  ten  realized  we 
were  operating  an  amateur 
station.  Only  those  who  had 
a  relative  or  friend  in 
amateur  radio  understood 
the  capabilities  of  amateur 
communications. 

We  did  find  spectators 
who  were   fascinated   and 

very  interested,  however  — 
maybe  two  out  of  ten  peo- 
ple. Many  were  youngsters 
and  teenagers.  We  fur* 
nished  the  names  of  several 
local  amateur  clubs,  a  local 
supply  company,  and  mag- 


azine addresses  We  wished 
we    could    have    offered 

them  more  information,  It 
is  our  opinion  that  amateur 
radio  needs  to  do  much 
more  self-promotion  and 
training  of  interested  new- 
comers The  type  of  high- 
visibility  operation  that  we 
carried  out  is  a  useful  tech- 
nique for  raising  the  level  of 
awareness  of  amateur  com- 
munications in  the  general 
public. 

As  a  final  note,  I  must  say 
that  the  sinkhole  experi- 
ence has  been  one  of  the 
most  rewarding  events  of 
my  life,  and  I  am  happy  that 
amateur  radio  was  a  big 
part  of  it-  I  used  to  dream 
about  the  thrills  of  a  far-off 
DXpedition  and  some  re- 
mote island  with  waves 
crashing  against  a  rocky 
beach. 

There  I  was,  in  a  tent,  with 
the  rigs  fired  up.  As  I  sipped 
on  coconut  juice  and  stared 
at  the  big  beams  on  tempo- 
rary masts,  I  could  hear  half 
the  amateur  radio  world 
calling  me,  amidst  the  cries 
of  the  seagulls!  Ah,  what  a 
life! 

Well,  now  I  agree  with 
Dorothy  when  she  told  the 
Wizard  of  Oz  that  she  had 
learned  her  lesson.  If  I  ever 
go  searching  for  someplace 
special,  I  need  only  look  in 
my  own  backyard!  Sooner 
or  later  we  will  all  get  a 
chance  to  be  in  the  middle 
of  action,  and  we  need  to 
be  prepared.  Your  chance 
may  be  nextlH 


The  Special  Sinkhole  Grew  Advisers  and  Helpers 

Joe  Lewi  s  WB4W  PP  Ed  Cox  W9RAO/4 

Gilbert  Potyandy  K4ISK  Jack  Leavitl  KA4ATV 

Dan  Martin  KC4GO  Fred  Hopkins  N4EDM 

Joe  Lewis  demonstrated  his  skills  at  a  pi  leu  p  that  he 
learned  while  in  Saudi  Arabia  as  a  field  technician.  Gilbert 
kept  the  rigs  in  repair  and  offered  his  technical  skills,  Danny 
Martin  claims  he  Is  going  to  patent  his  special  Toilet  Vent 
Mast!  Ed  Cox  first  spotted  the  hole,  and  maintains  the 
2*meter  link.  Jack  Leavitt  and  Fred  Hopkins  kept  up  the  local 
Interest  and  worked  on  the  certificate. 

The  schedule  now  is  sporadic,  but  normally  is  around  the 
lower  end  of  20-meter  CW  (General  portion)  and  20-meter 
phone.  To  offer  Novices  and  Technicians  a  chance,  we  work 
the  lower  end  of  40  meters  and  IOmeter  Novice  CW.  An  SASE 
will  get  you  the  regular  schedule  by  the  month. 


—Reader  Service  tor  facing  page  ^ff?-* 


KDK  MAKES  2  METER  FM 
SIMPLE  AND  EASY! 

KDK  INTRODUCES  A  NEW  GENERATION  OF  2  METER  FM  RADIOS. 

The  sparkling  2025 A  MKII  is  loaded  with  new  features!  East  of  operation  is  the  design  concept  at  KDK. 


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and  much,  much  more  makes  this  the  radio  of  the  year.  If  you  have  been 
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which  has  internal  protection  against  over-voltage  and  shorted  output 
conditions.  Plus  it  is  a  high  audio  output  chip  -  just  what  you  need  in  a 
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with  an  infinite  VSWR  load,  and  uses  heavy  duty  solid  state  antenna 
switching  with  a  four  stage  tow  pass  filter,  All  this  gives  you  an  exception- 
ally clean,  spur  free  output. 

•  KDK  has  included  an  adjustable  sub  audible  tone  circuit  which  can  also 
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Operation  Skywarn 

tracking  tornadoes  with  two  meters 


0/7/  Richards  W&5ZAM 

1925  Juanita  St. 

San  Angeh  TX  76907 


The  following  is  a  true 
and  factual  account,  to 
the  best  of  my  recollection. 
Time:  1900  hours  local 
on  a  partly  cloudy  day  in 
late  May, 

Location:  San  Angelo,  Tom 
Green  County,  Texas 


frequency    14634/ 94-MHz 
repeater. 

"Well,  guys,  I'm  tired  and 
both  my  batteries  and  the 
ones  in  my  talkie  need  a 
good  night's  recharge,  so 
I'm  going  to  pull  out  If  that 
cloud  to  the  west  looks  like 


Is  this  a  tornado?  Members  of  the  Concho  Valley  Severe  Weather  Net  were  not  sore,  but 
t/iey  kept  a  close  eye  on  the  ominous  clouds. 

24     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


it's  going  to  do  anything, 
holler.  I'll  have  the  radio  on 
but  just  monitoring. 
KA5BNJ  and  the  group,  this 
is  W5FZY  clear,  adios/' 

"OK,  Elmer,  we'll  see 
you.  W5FZY  clearing,  this  is 
KA5BNJ.  Pick  it  up  Noel 
WD5BHX,  this  is  KA5BNJ/' 

"Break!  Break!" 

JICo  ahead  break-break, 
this  is  KA5BNJ/' 

"Sorry  to  interrupt,  John, 
but  the  Weather  Service 
just  issued  a  tornado  warn- 
ing for  the  western  part  of 
this  county  and  Irion  Coun- 
ty [directly  to  the  west  of 
Tom  Green  County].  At 
6:45,  DPS  [Department  of 
Public  Safety]  reported  a 
tornado  on  the  ground  10 
miles  north  of  Mertzon  [25 
miles  southwest  of  San 
Angelo]  with  an  apparent 
northeasterly  path.  If  you 
don't  mind  and  there  are  no 
other  volunteers,  I'll  go 
ahead  and  assume  net  con- 
trol and  activate  the  Sky- 
warn  Net" 

There  were  no  volunteers, 

"This  is  WB5ZAM  assum- 
ing net  control  for  the  Con- 
cho Valley  Severe  Weather 
Net.  Do  we  have  anyone  on 
who  has  information  tor  the 


net  regarding  the  severe 
weather  in  the  Mertzon 
area?  If  so,  please  call  net 
control,  WB5ZAM/' 

"This  is  K5JEZ  Mertzon 
Bill,  we've  got  winds  at  30 
to  35  miles  per  hour  from 
the  west  and  northwest, 
with  light  rain.  We  aren't 
able  to  see  very  far  to  the 
north,  but  there  are  two 
large  thunderheads  to  the 
west  and  northwest  of  me/' 

"This  is  W5RSV  mobile, 
and  I'm  about  10  miles 
northeast  of  Charlie,  and 
those  clouds  he's  talking 
about  are  really  building 
fast.  It  hasn't  started  to  rain 
or  blow  here  yet  but  those 
clouds  are  very  dark  and  it 
does  appear  to  be  raining 
over  towards  Mertzon/J 

"Thanks,  Charlie  and 
Marion.  This  is  WB5ZAM, 
net  control  for  the  Concho 
Valley  two-meter  Severe 
Weather  Netr  do  we  have 
any  other  reports  of  severe 
weather  or  anyone  who  can 
go  to  the  Weather  Service 
and  man  the  station  there? 
If  so  call  WB5ZAM,  net 
control/' 

"This  is  WD5BHX.  Bill,  if 
no  one  else  can  go,  Til 
be  free  here  in  a  little  bit 
and  will  go  out,  but  I'm 
handie-talkie  portable  in 
the  mall  now.  WB5ZAM, 
thbisWDSBHX" 

"Thanks,  NoeL  Is  there 
anyone  able  to  man  the  sta- 
tion at  the  Weather  Service, 
please  call  now.  If  there  are 
any  other  reports  of  severe 
weather,  please  call  now. 
This  is  WB5ZAM,  net  con- 
trol for  the  Concho  Valley 
Severe  Weather  Net/' 

No  volunteers  spoke  up, 

"No  takers.  Would  you 
mind,  Noel?  I  know  Art 
could  use  someone  experi- 
enced with  the  rig  and  the 
net/' 

"We'll  be  en  route  very 
shortly  WB5ZAM,  this  is 
WD5BHX." 

"Thanks,  Noel.  Do  we 
have  any  other  net  mem- 
bers with  reports  of  severe 
weather  only?  Please  ca 
net  control,  WB5ZAM." 

"KA5BNJ." 

"WSOWX." 


^^F ^  ^^ 

5"    J^i 

r                  -  -  *  - 

Ml  44  Hit    / 

n    i 

~ — m± 

San  Angeio,  Texas  (Tom  Green  County)  and  surrounding  counties,  with  the  locations  of 

local  hams.  The  rings  mark  ten-mile  intervals  from  San  Angelo. 


**i 


Hi 


"Break.  This  is  Art  at  the 
Weather  Service,  W5QX." 

Co  ahead.  Art" 

Gentlemen,  we  have  a 
tornado  sighted  by  a  DPS 
trooper,  10  miles  north  of 
Mertzon  with  an  easterly 
path.  We  also  have  a  line  of 
thunderstorms  of  marked 
severity  extending  from  20 
miles  northwest  of  Mertzon 
to  20  miles  west  of  Ozona, 
with  a  path  of  movement  to 
the  east  and  northeast  at  20 
miles  per  hour  These  con- 
tain heavy  rain  and  hail  and 
do  indicate  tornadic-type 
winds  aloft  This  is  W5QX  " 

"Thanks,  Art.  We  have 
activated  the  net  and  Char- 
lie reports  30-  to  35-mph 
winds  with  light  rain  at 
Mertzon,  and  Marion  re- 
ports light  winds  without 
rain  10  miles  northeast  of 
him.  He  does  report  heavy 
thunderstorms  to  the  west 
Thanks  for  your  informa- 
tion and  we  do  have  some- 
one on  the  way  to  man  the 
radio  for  you,  W5QX  this  is 
WB5ZAM,  net.  control  for 
the  Concho  Valley  Severe 
Weather  Net  Do  we  have 
-sorry,  John.  KA5BNJ " 


"Bill,  we  have  light  rain 
and  a  westerly  wind  at  1 0  to 
15  miles  an  hour  here  at 
Carlsbad  [20  miles  NW  of 
San  Angelo].  WB5ZAM,  this 
is  KA5BNJ/' 

"Thanks,  John.  WSOWX, 
WB5ZAM/' 

"Bill,  the  weather  is 
about  the  same  here,  but  I 
can  hear  thunder  to  the 
west  and  northwest  of  me, 
here  in  Crape  Creek  [12 
miles  NW].  WB5ZAM,  this 
is  WSOWX." 

"OK,  Al.  This  is 
WB5ZAM,  net  control  Do 
we  have  other  check-ins 
with  severe  weather  reports 
only?  Please  call  WB5ZAM, 
net  control/' 

"This  is  K5JEZ" 
"Co  ahead,  Charlie/' 

"Bill,  the  wind  has 
changed  to  the  west  and 
northwest,  at  38  to  40  miles 
an  hour—no,  there's  a  gust 
to  50  miles  an  hour,  and  we 
have  heavy  rain  now.  If  I 
lose  power,  I'll  go  to  the 
mobile  and  be  right  back. 
WB5ZAM,  this  is  K5JEZ 
Mertzon." 

"OK,    Charlie.    Art,    did 


you        copy?        W5QX, 
WB5ZAM?" 

No  response. 

"WD5BHX?" 
'Yes,  Noel?" 

"Bill,  I'm  en  route  to  the 
Weather  Service  now.  Art 
probably  heard  that  report 
but  was  unable  to  reply  as 
he  went  back  to  the  radar 
I'll  have  the  radio  manned 
very  shortly.  WB5ZAM, 
WD5BHX" 

"OK,  Noel  This  is 
WB5ZAM,  net  control  for 
the  Concho  Valley  Emer- 
gency and  Severe  Weather 
Net.  Do  we  have  other 
reports  of  severe  weath- 
ers—and if  not,  we'll  be- 
gin taking  check-ins  from 
portables  and  mobiles,  then 
we'll  come  back  to  the 
fixed  stations.  This  is 
WB5ZAM/' 

"W5RSV." 

"K5JEZ." 

"Yes,  Marion?" 

"Bill,  the  winds  are  buf- 
feting the  pickup  pretty 
good  now  and  we  have  a 
very  heavy  downpour  here. 
Over/' 

"OK,  I'll  note  that  to  Art. 
Co  ahead,  Charlie." 

73 Magazine  •  April,1982     25 


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"Yeah,  this  is  K5IEZ.  The 
rain  has  let  up  some,  but  it's 
still  pouring  and  the  winds 
have  settled  down  to  25  to 
30  miles  an  hour,  out  of  the 
west." 

"Thanks,  Charlie  K5JEZ 
and  W5RSV,  this  is 
WB5ZAM,  net  control 

And  so  it  went,  with  thun- 
derheads  building  to  the 
west  and  southwest  and 
moving  in  our  direction  We 
had  46  check-ins:  18  porta- 
bles, 12  mobiles,  14  fixed, 
and  2  via  telephone,  and 
we  watched  clouds  for 
just  over  three  hours  as 
they  built  up  and  then 
dissipated. 

This  quick  response  on 
the  part  of  local  amateurs 
was  not  due  to  our  working 
as  communicators,  but  due 
to  the  weekly  practice  ses- 
sions, where  everyone  gets 
a  chance  to  check  in,  test 
antennas,  and  even  call  the 
net,  to  get  the  hang  of  call- 
ing up  the  group  and  main- 
taining the  net  From  mid- 
April  through  mid-June,  we 

26     73  Magazine  ■   April,  1982 


get  the  real  thing  with  fre- 
quent storm  development 
and  the  possibility  of  severe 
weather  developing.  We 
watch  not  only  for  the 
Weather  Service-NOAA, 
but  for  ourselves,  the  local 
media,  and  (you  would  be 
surprised  who  listens  to  the 
repeater  frequencies  during 
severe  weather!)  the  numer- 
ous shortwave  listeners 

Due  to  the  size  of  the 
area  we  need  to  watch  for 
threatening  storms,  we  in 
the  Concho  Valley  have 
tried  to  get  the  best  repeat- 
er coverage  possible  and  to 
keep  all  amateurs  informed 
of  the  frequencies  and  nets. 
Our  net  members  include 
lawyers,  nurses,  ranchers, 
retirees,  salesmen,  house- 
wives, Armed  Services  per- 
sonnel, executives,  and  col- 
lege students.  We  will  have 
check-ins  from  as  many  as 
70  air  miles  away  and  as 
close  to  the  repeater  as  two 
blocks.  The  storms  that  af- 
fect us  can  build  near 
Ozona  (70  air  miles  south- 


west), or  to  the  northwest 
(near  Carlsbad  or  Sterling 
City),  or  sneak  up  on  us 
from  the  east,  from  Paint 
Rock  or  Ballinger,  and  can 
include  everything  from 
rain  and  wind  to  hail,  high 
winds,  and  tornadoes. 

Basing  our  techniques  of 
cloud-,  wind-,  and  ram- 
watching  on  the  training 
provided  by  NOAA's  Na- 
tional Weather  Service,  we 
are  able  to  provide  accu- 
rate information  to  the 
Weather  Service  and  hence 
keep  it  aware  of  conditions 
on  the  ground  under  the 
clouds,  an  area  where  the 
Weather  Service  radar  can- 
not tell  the  difference  be- 
tween blowing  dirt  and  hail. 
To  date,  we  have  provided 
not  only  basic  information 
on  the  storms  but  also  have 
been  able  to  act  as  indi- 
cators of  the  severity  of 
storms,  including  the  severi- 
ty of  the  winds  and  actual 
amounts  of  rainfall.  We 
also  have  been  able  to  give 
aid  when  the  radar  at  the 
Weather  Service  was  inop- 
erable, giving  warnings  of 
high  winds  and  hail  as  a  cell 
moved  into  the  area. 

We  found  that  the  best 
way  to  keep  everyone  cur- 
rent (as  to  who  lived  where 
in  our  area)  was  to  publish  a 
directory  of  local  hams  and 
take  a  highway  department 
map  and  overlay  it  with 
concentric  rings,  approxi- 
mating by  tens  the  aeronau- 
tical miles  from  San  An- 
gela The  map  also  has  the 
sites  of  the  three  2-meter 
repeaters  and  the  site  of  the 
450-MHz  repeater.  We  then 
took  the  maps  and  used 
them  to  coordinate  tests  on 
the  emergency-powered  re* 
peaters  so  as  to  test  where 
we  could  reach  the  repeat- 
ers with  what  level  of  equip- 
ment (i.e,  with  a  one-Watt 
handie-talkie,  or  10  or  25 
Watts,  or  if  a  directed  array 
was  necessary).  All  net  and 
club  members  then  were 
given  maps,  a  list  of  current 
net  check-ins,  and  the  op- 
portunity to  call  up  the 
net  in  the  weekly  practice 
sessions. 


Since  the  storms  take 
fairly  consistent  paths,  we 
found  that  a  map  showing 
the  area  southwest  and 
west  would  serve  better 
than  a  true  circle  around 
San  Angelo.  The  map  gives 
the  net  control  an  idea  of 
who  lives  where  in  relation 
to  a  storm  cell,  and  net  con- 
trol thus  is  able  to  ask  these 
specific  individuals  for  in- 
formation on  the  cell, 
whether  it  is  moving  toward 
them,  away  from  them,  or 
around  them.  Then  the  net 
can  ask  for  mobile  stations 
to  move  to  points  parallel- 
ing the  projected  path  of 
the  storm.  Since  we  have 
only  about  60  amateurs  ac- 
tive on  2  meters,  this  map 
gives  the  net  control  an 
idea  of  where  each  member 
is— especially  those  in  the 
outlying  towns. 

The  continuing  improve- 
ment in  the  educational  ser- 
vices  from  NOAA  has 
helped  to  train  more  and 
more  amateurs  in  the  Sky- 
warn  system  and  has  in- 
creased the  number  and  ac- 
curacy of  reports  during  the 
severe  weather  months.  We 
also  installed  equipment  at 
the  Weather  Service,  giving 
them  ready  access  to  the 
net  frequency,  and  have 
worked  with  them  to  get 
amateurs  into  the  Weather 
Service  during  inclement 
weather  to  give  them  a 
trained  communicator  to 
exchange  information  be- 
tween them  and  the  spot- 
ters of  Operation  Skywarn. 

So,  the  next  time  you 
hear  a  net  caN-up  on  2  me- 
ters (or  if  you  haven't  tried  2 
meters),  go  set  your  FM  pub- 
lic service  receiver  or  scan- 
ner to  the  net  frequency; 
when  the  next  severe 
weather  system  blows  in, 
you  can  watch  the  storm 
through  the  eyes  of  others 
and  know  whether  you  are 
going  to  get  a  springtime 
shower  or  a  frog-strangler 
You,  too,  may  want  to  join 
the  "professional"  ama- 
teurs on  the  Severe  Weatfv 
er/Operation  Skywarn  nets 
and  help  keep  an  eye  on  the 
storms! 


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73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     27 


Ben  Johnson 

71  Ridgeway  Avenue 

Rochester  NY  14615 


Measure  Ohms  with  Your 

Calculator? 

yes,  and  accurately,  too! 


Undoubtedly  the  dumb- 
est electrical  measure- 
ment made  on  a  multimeter 
is  the  one  on  the  high  end  of 
the  Ohms  scale,  where  the 
figures  are  so  crowded 
together  that  what  you  read 
is  more  a  matter  of  faith 
than    reality.    And    then 


there's  the  zeroing  prob- 
lem—was the  meter  zeroed 
when  you  started? 

Now,  at  last;  there's  a 
better  way  that  doesn't 
crowd  readings  or  require 

rezeroing  .  .a  linear,  digital 
ohmmeter  with  great  high- 


Photo  A.  Clamshell  view  of  the  completed  calculator 
transformation.  The  final  range  capacitor  is  a  1 -microfarad 
tantalum  between  switch  and  module,  fust  four  wires  con- 
nect to  the  calculator  circuit  proper;  they  were  left  long  for 
strain  relief.  The  assembly  is  ready  to  be  closed  up  and 
used. 

73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


resistance  sensitivity  that 
exceeds  the  20-megohm 
limit  of  many  commercial 
digital  multimeters! 

But  the  best  news  is  that 
you    can    put    it    together 

yourself  in  a  cheap  pocket 
calculator!  Nowadays 
these  little  four-bangers  are 
frequently  on  sale  for  less 


Cr 


SW 


™  5 


*EAD 


"X" 

r 


ft* 


5 


■* — *- 


than  the  cost  of  their  indi- 
vidual parts.  This  amounts 
iO  the  manufacturer  doing 
most  of  your  assembly 
work  and  providing  a  pro- 
fessional-looking, compact 
case  as  well.  Try  agonizing 
through  the  alternatives 
and  you'll  quickly  see  what 
I  mean  in  terms  of  the 
cost/benefits  ratio   All  this 


9u 
CALC 

i 


"AWT 
101  1+J 


fti 


HC-lll 
%        MODULE         F 


-*A^»- 


CI 


Fig.  1.  Circuit  for  converting  calculator  to  measure  resis- 
tance. 

Parts  List  for  Fig.  1 

Cf- Filter  capacitor,  10-100  uF,  electrolytic 

Gr- Range  capacitor,  polyester,  1-2  uF  (see  text) 

Ct- Timing  capacitor,  polyester,  +05  uF 

Rt -Timing  resistor,  rmnipot,  1  megohm 

Rx  — "Unknown"  or  calibrating  resistor,  1  megohm,  1% 

JK  — Phone  (test)  jack,  miniature,  w/plug  and  test  leads 

SW -Switch,  SPOT,  miniature,  bat  handle  toggle 

Above  parts  ate  readily  available  from  normal  sources. 
RC-111  Module- Available  from  KaJteK  Box  7462t  Rochester  NY 
14615  ($14.62  ppd..  plus  NY  state  sales  tax  if  applicable). 


Photo  B.  Ten  wires  connect  the  keyboard  to  the  calculator 
chip/display  board.  An  oscilloscope  from  ground  to  each 
wire  in  turn  identified  the  wires  carrying  digits  pulses.  The 
scope  between  each  of  these  wires  and  each  of  the  other 
"keys"  wires  showed  which  key  joined  each  pair.  The  table 
shown  cracks  the  code  for  the  keys  of  interest.  The  module 
connects  to  the  constant-add  pair,  numbers  10  and  3. 


Fig,  1  shows  the  simple 
circuitry  needed  to  trans- 
form your  four-function, 
constant-add  calculator  in- 
to a  piece  de  resistance.  So 
few  parts  are  required  that 
the  whole  addition  almost 
invariably  will  fit  complete- 
ly inside  the  original  case 
with  room  to  spare.  With 
simplicity  like  this,  even  the 
nicety  of  a  printed  circuit 
board  is  not  worth  the  extra 
time  and  effort  The  only 
external  bits  of  evidence 
that  your  new  instrument 
does  more  than  calculate 
are  the  actuating  switch, 
the  test  jack,  .  .and  the 
smug  look  on  your  face 
when  your  friends  see  it  do 
its  stuff.  You  mayF  of 
course,  want  to  exceed  the 
bounds  of  the  original  case, 
but  later. 

How  It  Works 

The  brain  of  this  littte  cir- 
cuit is  Kaltek's  RC-111  hy- 
brid CMOS  module  with 
eight  leads  emerging  from 
its  2X2X1  centimeter 
package.  It  utilizes  the 
familiar  time-constant  prin- 
ciple to  determine  the 
value  of  the  resistor  under 
test.  The  calculator  is 
caused  to  count  and  thus 
act  as  a  timer  to  measure 
the  time  it  takes  for  range 
capacitor  Cr  to  charge 
through  the  unknown  resis- 
tor, Rx.  The  counting  func- 
tion stops  at  a  certain 
charge  level  on  Cr  as  sensed 
by  the  high-impedance  in- 
put (S)  of  the  module. 


Photo  D.  A  10~megohm  resistor  was  soldered  across  the  jack 
as  an  internal  reference,  anda2-uF  range  capacitor  (blurred) 
was  temporarily  enlisted  to  give  a  20-second  time  constant 
for  setting  the  counting  speed.  At  top  speed,  the  count  was 
about  220  for  the  ten-megohm  resistor,  indicating  that  the 
range  capacitor  should  be  1  microfarad  and  the  timing  pot 
slowed  down  for  a  count  rate  of  1QQ,00Q-Ohms-per-count 
The  module  lead  identity  is  cast  in  the  sides  of  the  package: 
they  were  transcribed  on  the  facing  surface  for  clarity. 


is  now  made  possible  by  a 
newly-available  module 
that  begins  where  the 
calculator  manufacturer 
left  off  and  does  lots 
more. 


Photo  C.  The  main  fixtures  — module,  actuating  switch,  test 
jack,  and  count-rate  pot —are  stuck  in  the  bottom  of  the 
77-7025  case  with  hot-melt  glue.  This  stuff  is  handy  and  can 
be  cut  off  the  stick  and  melted  in  place  with  your  soldering 
iron>  You  don't  need  to  buy  the  glue  gun  for  the  job. 


The  counting  rate  is  ad- 
justed by  the  combination 
of  Rt  and  Ct,  so  what  shows 
up  when  the  display  stops 
counting  is  a  number  equal 

to  the  value  of  Rx,  with 
various  numbers  of  decimal 
places  determined  by  the 
size  of  Cr.  Your  personal  in- 
tervention merely  involves 
clearing  the  display  and  en- 
tering an  initial  "1 "  to  count 
from,  then  flipping  the  ac 
tuating  switch.  Your  cal- 
culator retains,  unimpaired, 
all  of  the  original  functions 
it  had,  when  the  display  is 
not  running  or  when  the  test 
leads  are  removed  to  short 
the  jack.  If  you  have  any 
paral  lei-  or  series-resistance 
calculations  to  make  after 
the  display  shows  the  value 
of  your  unknown,  you  are 
immediately  ready  to  make 
them  on  the  keyboard. 

Construction 

There's  really  so  little  to 
do  that  the  circuit  diagram 
tells  it  better  than  words 
About  the  only  precaution 
is  on  behalf  of  the  CMOS- 
based  RC-111  module, 
which,  although  protected 
as  well  as  functional  re- 
quirements allow,  should 
be  handled  so  as  to  avoid 
any  exposure  to  static  elec- 
tricity That  is,  ground  your- 
self and  your  (non-trans- 
former] soldering  iron 
before  touching  the  mod- 
ule leads.  Once  it's  in  the 
circuit,  it's  rather  safe  (if 
wired  as  shown,  of  course). 

For  openers,  wire  the 
module    separately    as 

shown,  with  the  leads  un- 
cut. Their  functions  are 
identified  on  the  case.  You 


Photo  E.  The  only  things  showing  externally  are  the  jack  and 
switch  and  your  own  look  of  satisfaction!  The  author 
plugged  a  photocell  in  the  jack  and  used  the  freshly-built  in- 
strument as  an  enlarging  exposure  meter  to  make  these 
prints,  Only  an  initial  test  print  was  required  to  get  the 
range. 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     29 


need  to  start  from  some 
convenient  known  condi- 
tion. For  calibration  accu- 
racy, a  1%  resistor  should 
be  chosen,  somewhere 
around  one  megohm.  For 
ease  of  handling  the  correc- 
tive arithmetic,  use  a  1 -mi- 
crofarad capacitor  for  Cr, 
of  any  tolerance,  Chances 
are  that  you'll  have  to 
change  or  pad  it  later,  any- 


*-■ 


"CtEAR"  «£* 


€L; 


*EV 


Fig.  2.  Optional  circuit  to  actuate  CLEAR  function,  enter  1, 
and  perform  the  READ  function  all  from  a  DPDT  switch. 

Parts  List  for  Fig,  2  (see  text) 
Rs  -  .5  to  1  .5  megohm,  V*  W 
Rp-10  to  22  megohm,  %  W 
Cp  —  ,01  uF,  ceramic,  10  V 
QCT1  —  NPN  silicon  transistors,  general  purpose 
SWa.b-  DPDT  toggle  switch  (replaces  SPDT  of  Fig.  1) 


how.  The  pot  (Rt)  should  be 
at  the  high-resistance  end 
of  its  span  to  begin  with. 

Now  get  intimate  with 
your  calculator.  For  the 
easiest  trip,  choose  from 
the  National  Semiconduc- 
tor Corporation's  NOVUS 
600  series  or  their  private 
brand  equivalents  that  now 
carpet  the  terrain  like  tran- 
sistor radios  ("Mathbox," 
for  example).  Some  have 
fixed  or  switehed-on  deci- 
mal points.  All  have  the 
necessary  constant-add 
function,  which  means  that 
if  you  enter  a  number  and 
repeatedly  punch  the 
"ADD"  key,  the  number 
will  be  added  to  itself  in  the 
display.  Other  brands  with 
this  function  are  also  good 
contenders,  but  these  are 
easy  to  find,  cheap,  and 
very  cooperative  The  ear- 
lier  ones  have  an  18-DIP 
chip  for  the  calculating, 
designated  MM5736;  later 
ones  have  the  same  charac- 
teristics, but  the  chip  is 
buried  under  a  plastic  glob 
on  the  flip  side  of  the  dis- 
play board. 

Some  have  LED  drivers, 


and  some  don't.  That  as- 
pect doesn't  matter.  What 
does  matter  is  how  easily 
you  can  find  and  identify 
and  polarize  the  leads  from 
the  CLEAR,  1,  and  ADD 
keys.  The  calculator  can  be 
a  |unk-box  habitue,  and 
many  are  by  now  for  vari- 
ous reasons.  If  yours  failed 
mechanically  on  the  key- 
board from  bad  key  con 
tacts,  you  still  can  use  it  for 
an  ohmmeter  and  inject 
new  life  into  the  old  box. 
For  a  D IP-cased  MM5736 
chip,  the  needed  pin  identi- 
fications are  in  Table  1. 

The  shared  pin  in  Table  1 
is  coincidentally  a  result  of 
the  matrixing  of  the  key* 
board;  all  keys  are  shared, 
but  you  won't  need  the  rest 
Chances  are  if  you  are  com- 
pelled to  poke  around  look- 
ing for  the  needed  ones, 
though,  you'll  find  at  least 
half  the  others  first  (in 
which  case,  if  I  didn't  fore- 
warn you,  you  might  be 
non-plussed  —  minussed, 
even  — to  discover  all  these 
funny  coincidences  your- 
self). 

If  your  machine  isn't  old 
enough  to  have  pins,  take  a 


Key 

Pins 

Called      Most-Positive 

Remarks 

ADD 

1-3 

D4-K3             1  (D4) 

All  "D"  pins  generate 

1 

4  17 

K1-D2            17  (D2) 

positive  pulses  to  the 

CLEAR 

2-3 

D14C3            2(D1) 

K  pins.  ADD  and 
CLEAR  share  pin  3 

|K3). 

Table  1.  Pin  identifications. 

30     73  Magazine 

•  April,  1982 

10k  Ohm  resistor  and  use  it 
to  jump  the  various  key- 
board leads  you  can  spot, 
with  a  number  entered  in 
the  display  for  you  to  watch 
the  results  on.  Or,  put  your 
scope  across  the  leads  and 
poke  the  keyboard  until  the 
scope  signal  shorts  A  stan- 
dard ohmmeter  used  with 
calculator  power  off  would 
do  the  same  thing,  but  I  hes- 
itate to  recommend  putting 
its  voltage,  however  low,  on 
a  dead  section  of  the  chip 
The  whole  process  only 
takes  five  or  ten  minutes 
with  a  resistor,  and  it's 
harmless.  So  try  that  meth- 
od first  and  as  you  identify 
the  leads  and  determine 
their  polarity  from  battery 
negative,  mark  everything 
down  with  a  diagram  to 
help  you  relocate  the  right 
ones  later  on. 

To  recapitulate,  at  this 
stage  you  should  have 
found  your  needed  key- 
board leads,  identified  their 
polarities,  and  have  the 
module  circuit  wired  and 
ready  to  connect  to  the  cal- 
culator for  temporary  ini- 
tial testing  and  calibration. 
With  the  power  off,  hook 
the  module  plus  and  minus 
leads  to  the  calculator 
power  points  and  set  the 
module  circuit  switch  to 
RESET,  shorting  the  range 
capacitor.  Now  you're 
ready  for  the  fun  part,  and 
you  should  make  sure  your 
battery  is  reasonably  fresh, 
or  else  use  an  adapter.  The 
MM5736  chip  needs  at  least 
65  volts  to  operate,  but  the 
module  needs  .5  volts 
more,  so  stay  above  7,0 
volts  during  testing. 

Initial  Testing  and 
Calibration 

Power  up  the  calculator, 
clear  the  display,  and  enter 
a  1  Flip  the  module  switch 
to  READ  and  note  that  the 
display  starts  counting  up 
from  1  and  soon  comes  to  a 
halt.  You  should  then  be 
able  to  enter  more  digits  via 
the  keyboard.  Press  CLEAR 
twice,  enter  1  again,  and 
flip  the  switch  to   RESET 


and  then  READ.  Again  the 
display  should  rack  up 
about  the  same  bunch  of 
numbers. 

So  far,  so  good.  Now  you 
have  proved  that  things  are 
in  working  order  and  you 
can  start  shooting  for  the 
fastest  counting  rate  your 
particular  calculator  chip 
can  deliver.  While  alter- 
nately RESETing  and 
READing  the  switch,  twist 
your  timing  pot  {Rt)  towards 
minimum  resistance  to 
speed  up  the  counting  rate. 
You  may  get  up  to  the 
magic  limit  of  about  150 
counts/second,  but  on 
average  you'll  hit  around  60 
before  the  display  starts  do- 
ing strange  things  like  hesi- 
tating, stopping,  showing 
EEEEEE,  or  otherwise  not 
counting  at  a  nice  even  clip. 
Back  off  on  the  pot  setting 
and  start  over,  babying  up 
close  to  the  forbidden 
point.  Once  you've  found 
itr  try  timing  the  counts  per 
second  with  a  sweep  so* 
ond  hand  clock  and  record 
the  results.  You  can  do  this 
most  easily  by  leaving  the 
switch  at  READ  and  putting 
a  jumper  across  Crr  the 
range  capacitor.  That'll 
keep  it  running  constantly, 

So  much  for  high  speed; 
now  you  need  to  adjust 
your  range  capacitor  so 
that  the  displayed  number 
is  a  few  counts  higher  than 
the  value  of  the  calibrating 
resistor.  .  .probably  within 
a  couple  of  decimal  places. 
Say  your  Rx  is  one  megohm 
and  your  count  is  50  when  it 
stopped  running  from  a  "1" 
start.  That  means  you  need 
to  double  your  Cr  value 
from  its  nominal  one  micro* 
farad  to  extend  the  time  to 
total  100  or  more  counts 
Pick  a  combination  of  good 
capacitors  for  Cr  that  gets 
you  there  and  a  little  be- 
yond when  paralleled  with 
Cr.  Run  a  few  check  counts, 
and  then  slow  the  count 
rate  with  the  pot  until  it 
matches  the  calibrating  re- 
sistor value.  You  should 
now  have  the  best  combi- 
nation   of    high    counting 


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73Magazine  ■  April,  1982     31 


speed  and  as  much  resolu- 
tion as  your  chip  can 
deliver. 

For  practical  purposes, 
you  are  now  ready  to  make 
a  neat  mess  and  pack  it  into 
the  calculator-cum-ohm- 
meter  You  may,  however, 
want  to  consolidate  your 
pile  of  add-on  capacitors  in- 
to the  fewest  number  that 
will  do  the  job,  Try  to  stick 
with  polystyrene  or  poly- 
ester caps  to  minimize 
dielectric  absorption, 
which  tends  to  throw  off 
your  first  reading.  Or  else 
learn  to  accept  the  first 
reading  and  ignore  any 
changes  in  a  rapid  retest  of 
the  same  resistor.  In  any 
case,  recheck  your  calibra- 
tion once  everthing  is 
mounted  permanently  in 
the  calculator  case. 

Locate  the  switch  and 
test  jack  for  your  conve- 
nience; a  thumb-actuatable 
position  on  the  side  of  the 
case  would  work  well  for 
the  switch,  while  the  jack 
might  be  placed  on  the  op- 
posite side,  consistent  with 
the  stuff  already  in  your 
own  calculator. 

Error  Sources 

Over    the    7.0-9. 5-volt 

operating  range  you'll  see  a 
readout  variation  of  about 
plus  or  minus  7%,  which  is 
quite  adequate  for  most  ap- 
plications.  If  you  wish  to 
tighten  up  the  precision,  a 
zener  diode  with  a  bleed 
current  of  around  30-40  mA 
across  the  whole  circuit  — 
calculator    and    module  — 
will    hold    variations   to   a 
couple  of  percent  or  less. 
This  is  rather  tough  on  the 
battery,  so  an  ac  adapter 
should    be    considered, 
preferably  with  zener  stif- 
fening if  you  want  to  go  all 
the  way  for  precision.  The 
slight  error  from  the  nature 
of    the    range    capacitor 
dielectric    has    been    men- 
tioned; it's  not  big,  but  it's 
hard  to  avoid. 

Real  super  capacitors 
carry  a  real  super  price  tag; 
if  you're  that  fussy,  maybe 
you  should  send  your  un- 

32     73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


known  resistors  to  the  Na- 
tional Bureau  of  Standards. 
Ceramics  are  compact  and 
cute,  but  their  capacity/ 
voltage  effects  are  impos- 
sible; forget  them.  If  you  in- 
tend to  use  large  capaci- 
tance values  for  Cr  in  order 
to  read  low  resistances,  you 
should  stick  to  tantalums 
and  timing-grade  types,  if 
you  can.  Regular  electro- 
lytics  will  be  quite  hope- 
less for  a  good  instrument 
For  1000-Ohms-per-count, 
you'll  need  some  10-20  uF; 
for  100-Ohms-per-count, 
then  about  100-200  uF 
would  be  required  and  your 
decade-matching  problem 
would  get  a  little  sticky.  At 
some  level,  you  should  best 
accept  what  your  analog 
multimeter  can  deliver  for 
the  low  resistance  readings. 
to  avoid  fighting  the  uncer- 
tainties of  large  capacitors. 

Additional  Helps 

Some  additional  circuitry 
can    be    incorporated    to 
make  your  instrument  more 
nearly   a   "hands-off"   ma- 
chine.   That    is,    you    can 
avoid  having  to  clear  and 
enter  a  digit  into  the  display 
by  doing   it  electronically 
when  you  actuate  the  RE- 
SET/READ switch,  This  re- 
finement is  shown  in  Fig.  2 
and  calls  for  a  DPDT  switch 
in  place  of  the  SPOT  switch 
shown  in  Fig.  1.  The  extra 
pole  is  used  to  send  a  brief 
pulse   to    the   CLEAR    key 
when  you  RESET  and  an- 
other such  pulse  to  the  1 
key  when  you  READ.  The 
capacitors  in  the  transistor 
base  legs  can  be  ceramic 
for  compactness,  but  they 
and  the  resistors  in  series 
may  require  a  little  cut-and- 
try   for   best   performance. 
The  parallel  resistors  across 
the  caps  can  be  10-22  meg- 
ohms.   The  series   resistors 
need  to  be  around  .5  meg- 
ohms to  1.5  megohms,  de- 
pending on  your  particular 
capacitor    and    transistor 
combinations. 

The  object  is  to  inject  a 
pulse  of  just  sufficient  dura- 
tion to  clear  the  display  and 


:  A  L  E 
P05 


tJ 


ftC-ii  i 

MODULE 


1 


10  OK 
-vs* 


-; 


'ADD'    tff 


-»  K 


"should  &e  m*xmm  v&mmx  that  will  perform  -ado* 

Ftg    3.    Circuit   for  boosting  module  output  for  certain 
calculators  (as  needed). 


Cf?    SEPARATE    SUPPLY 


DONK 


LDR            "ADO    KEY" 
*K  Oft  D 


Adjust  as  required  to  operate 
"■4dd"  function 


Fig-  4.  Optically  coupling  module  circuit  to  calculator. 


enter   1    at   any   operating 
voltage  without  fail.  If  the 
pulse  is  too  long,  the  key 
will    hang    up    excessively 
and,  especially,  the  1   key 
pulse  will  subtract  counting 
time    from    the   ADD    key 
function  and  cause  a  low 
readout  on  your  unknown 
resistance.    Too    short    a 
pulse  will  be  more  obvious; 
the  display  will  fait  to  clear 
and/or  will  not  inject  a  1  for 
the  module  to  count  from. 
Since  the   symptoms  of 
erroneous  choices  are  self- 
evident  it  isn't  too  hard  to 
land  on  the  right  combina- 
tion. The  series  resistances 
should  be  on  the  high  side 
to    avoid    ghosts    in    the 
display  and  excessive  volt- 
age on  the  transistor  bases, 
The  transistors  can  be  just 
about    any    cheap    silicon 
general-purpose   units,  the 
smaller    the    better,    Once 
you   have   this  circuit  im- 
provement squared   awayr 
the    RESET/READ    switch 
should    do    everything    for 
you  and  prevent  wear  and 
tear  on  the  fingertips. 

Experimental  Section 

Other  brands  of  calcula- 
tors can  be  made  to  yield  to 
this  circuit  scheme,  but  you 
may  find  that  they  have 
slightly  different  or  perhaps 
more  recalcitrant  charac- 
teristics. Some  appear  to  re- 
quire a  heavier  current  to 


actuate  the  keys,  as  evi- 
denced by  requiring  a  lower 
jumper  resistor  to  do  the 
job  from  the  circuit  side  of 
the  box.  A  boosted  output 
for  the  module  can  be  pro- 
vided by  a  transistor  in  such 
a  case,  as  shown  in  Fig,  3.  In 
this  case,  the  module  D 
lead  should  be  tied  to  the 
positive  supply  rail. 

In    calculators    which 
have    the    necessary    con- 
stant-add   function    per- 
formed by  a  third  key  (re- 
quiring, say,  a  CLEAR— 1  — 
ADD  sequence  followed  by 
repeats  on  an  EQUALS  key, 
for  instance),  you  still  have 
the  option  of  either  enter- 
ing the  three  initial  keys  and 
letting  the  module  drive  the 
EQUALS  key  or  using  the 
DPDT  switch  arrangement 
on  the  1  and  ADD,  but  leav- 
ing your  finger   to  do  the 
clearing.  Again,  the  low-re- 
sistance   keying    problem 
might    be    present,    which 
generally   would   result   in 
three  transistors  being  used 
for  this  arrangement. 

Finally,  if  you  have  been 
intrigued  by  all  the  talk 
about  opto-couplers,  this 
project  might  be  a  useful 
place  to  start  playing,  Go- 
ing back  to  the  simple  case 
of  the  module  actuating  the 
ADD  key,  you  can  produce 
this  more  exotically  by 
shunting  the  key  leads  with 
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Frequency  Range:  Continuous  3.0  to  30 
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•'See  List  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *  April.  1982     33 


CiLC    PQS 


CRYSTAL    71  WE   BASE 

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ftl 

CAlC  keg 


Fig.  5.  Use  of  crystal  timebase  for  high-precision  ohmmeter 
and  timer/stopwatch  functions. 


resistor  (LDR)  facing  an  LED 

operated  by  a  transistor- 
boosted  output  from  the 
RC-111  module  as  shown  in 
Fig.  4.  This  scheme  gives 
you  a  tot  of  potential  design 
freedom,  because  the  only 
necessary  connection  be* 
tween  the  module  circuit 
and  the  calculator  can  be  a 
light  beam,  Consequently, 
if  the  gods  and  what  not  are 
in  your  favor,  you  can  op- 
erate the  module  on  one 
battery  (by  itself,  St  only 
consumes  a  couple  of  milli- 
amps,  and  only  while 
counting)  while  the  calcu- 
lator operates  on  its  own 
original  supply,  which  can 
then  include  those  situa- 
tions beyond  the  3-15-volt 
requirements  of  the  mod- 
ule. 

There  are  two  precau- 
tions  First,  the  LDR  has  to 

act  with  reasonable  speed 
in  crossing  from  low  resis- 
tance (to  actuate  the  key) 
while  illuminated  by  the 
LED  to  high  resistance  (for 
about  an  equal  time)  to  let 
go  of  the  key.  Second,  the 
LED  has  to  be  able  to  light 
the  LDR  sufficiently  to  ef- 
fect the  necessary  low  resis- 
tance, which  means  that  it 
may  require  a  pretty  good- 
sized  jolt  of  current  to  do 
the  job.  So,  a  satisfactory 
functional  matchingof  LDR 
and  LED  is  necessary  and 
requires  a  little  horsing 
around  to  get  things  just 
right. 

Some  LDRs  are  rather 
slow,  and  this  might  mean 
sacrificing  some  counting 
speed   to   incorporate   this 

design.  On  the  other  hand, 
you  may  hit  fat  city  and 
find  that,  for  example,  a 
fast  and  cheap  photo-diode 
or  photo-Darlington  transis- 

34     73 Magazine  ■  April,  1982 


tor  will   work   just  fine  in 
your  situation.  Then  you're 

home  free-  But  you  see  why 
I  entitled  this  part  as  an  ex- 
perimental section.  As  a 
hobbyist,  you  should  be 
allowed  to  feel  intrepid 
On  the  other  hand,  I  am 
obliged  to  state  the  dis- 
claimers. I  have  to  disclaim 
any  responsibility  for  what 
you  may  do  on  your  own 
hook.  Fortunately,  I  have 
found  so  far  that  most  cal- 
culators are  very  forgiving 
about  all  the  rooting 
around  in  their  guts. 

Some  Freebies 

A  number  of  non-ohm- 
meter  possibilities  may 
have  become  apparent  by 
the  time  you  have  read  this 
far.  Yes,  the  module/calcu- 
lator combo  makes  a  pretty 
dandy  and  simple  counter 
or  timer  or  stopwatch,  with 
or  without  the  ohmmeter 
function.  The  timing  will 
continue  ad  nauseam  as 
long  as  module  lead  S  is 
tied  or  switched  to  the  posi- 
tive supply  rail  and  stop 
when  it  is  on  the  negative 
rail.  A  second  timing  pot 
could  be  switched  in  to  pro- 
duce a  timing  speed  more 
attuned  to  your  needs. 

Almost  any  calculator 
candidate  should  run  fast 
enough  to  count  by  sec- 
onds; most  will  count  by 
tenths,  and  some  will  make 
it  to  01-second-per-count 
or  beyond.  For  your  own 
needs  you  might  want  to 
consider  hundredths  of 
minutes  or  even  milli-hours 
or  the  like.  Astronomers 
might  even  want  to  shoot 
for  microsidereal-day  time, 
in  an  extreme  case,  Al- 
though not  crystal  con- 
trolled, the  precision  is  not 


bad  with  reasonable  volt- 
age regulation  and  can  be 
set  vyith  an  oscilloscope 
against  multiples  or  sub- 
multiples  of  the  60-Hz  line. 
For  the  calculator  chips 
that  can  reach  to  60  Hz  or 
100  Hz,  one  of  the  cute  lit- 
tle boards  that  provides 
such  with  crystal  control 
can  be  purchased  for 
around  $5.00  and  run  from 
most  calculator  power  sup- 
plies The  output  can  be 
tied  to  the  module  as  shown 
in  Fig.  5,  connected  to  the  I 
lead  while  the  P  and  C  leads 
are  left  open. 

Once  you  can  measure 
Ohms  digitally,  you  also 
can  measure  the  ohmic  re- 
lationships of  other  de- 
vices, of  course.  Therefore, 
this  means  that  you  can  es- 
tablish a  relationship  with 
light  and  temperature,  to 
cite  the  most  obvious 
examples.  The  aforemen- 
tioned LDRs  can  be  used  to 
measure  light,  and  at  ex- 
tremely low  levels,  So  can  a 
whole  raft  of  other  devices: 
photo-diodes,  photo-tran- 
sistors, and  even  plain 
LEDs.  In  these  cases,  the 
lower  the  light  level,  the 
higher  the  reading  dis- 
played, and  if  you  have  a 
big  range  capacitor,  it 
might  take  minutes  for  the 
display  to  stop  running  if  it 
is  dutifully  trying  to  count 
all  the  hundreds  of 
megohms  an  LDR  can  reach 
at  low  light  levels. 

For  this  application  I 
have  found  that  a  tiny 
220-picofarad  range  capac- 
itor worked  about  right  for 
modest  but  useful  counts 
when  making  enlargements 
in  my  darkroom  Because 
of  the  inverse  lightcount 
relationship,  this  combina- 
tion is  more  properly  a 
dark-meter,  but  that's  be- 
side the  point.  In  effect,  it 
reads  out  a  number  propor- 
tional to  the  right  expo- 
sure .  that's  the  bottom 
line  in  the  photographic 
application.  The  LDR  could 
optionally  be  connected  to 
replace  the  timing  pot  (Rt) 
with  a  fixed  combination  of 


Cr  and  Rx  chosen  to  time 
for  a  few  seconds.  In  such  a 

case  you  would  get  a  read- 
ing that  increased  as  the 
light  intensity  increased; 
however,  in  too-b right  tight, 
the  calculator  chip  count- 
ing rate  would  be  exceeded 
and  the  display  would  show 
funny  results.  With  the  LDR 
as  Rx  in  the  ohmmeter  cir- 
cuit, the  excessive  light  in 
tensity  would  register  only 
your  originally-entered  1 
and  would  create  less  con- 
fusion. 

A  precaution  about 
LDRs:  As  well  as  being  a  lit- 
tle slow,  they  have  varying 
degrees  of  memory,  so  they 
don't  immediately  settle 
down  on  the  first  reading 
after  a  shift  in  light  level. 
The  fastest  ones  get  there 
well  enough  to  be  extreme- 
ly useful,  but  you  would  de- 
tect the  discrepancy  on  a 
succession  of  readings. 
Thermistors  are  decidedly 
non-linear,  and  it  takes 
some  extra  fooling  around 
with  the  circuitry  to  get 
them  to  put  out  real  tem- 
perature readings  over  a 
useful  span.  Ideally,  you 
would  fortify  yourself  with 
a  calibration  curve,  or 
"normalize"  the  applica- 
tion. 

If,  for  instance,  you  want 
to  display  a  single  photo- 
developer  temperature  dig- 
itally, and  always  use  that 
temperature,  the  ther- 
mistor/range capacitor 
combination  could  be 
made  to  display  "100"  at 
the  chosen  temperature, 
from  which  you  could  em- 
pirically set  acceptable  lim- 
its from  this  value  to  suit 
the  precision  requirements 
for  your  needs. 

Hams  develop  other  situ- 
ations for  themselves  in 
which  a  digital  display  of 
the  results  could  be  useful. 
An  azimuth  readout  could 
be  provided  for  an  antenna, 
for  example,  by  tying  a  suit- 
able pot  to  the  rotating  an- 
tenna shaft  as  the  Rx  gen- 
erator and  scaling  the  dis- 
play relationship  to  read 
out  the  number  of  degrees 


representing  the  direction. 
Or,  with  a  linear  pot  as  the 
unknown,  you  could  make 
a  digital  micrometer  of 
sorts  The  mind  boggles  at 
the  prospects. 

Perhaps  the  most  imme- 
diately useful  takeoff  on 
the  ohm  meter  is  the  alter- 
native of  making  the  range 
capacitor  the  unknown  and 
scaling  with  resistors  in  the 
Rx  position  to  provide  a  few 
decades  of  readability,  A 
megohm  or  two  will  give  a 
display  in  microfarads  to 
two  decimal  places.  A  com- 
mensurately  longer  string 
of  resistors  can  enable  you 
to  reach  to  100-picofarads- 
per-count  and  read  micro- 
farads on  the  same  scale  to 
too  many  decimal  places  to 
be  of  practical  interest— 
and  taking  that  much  more 
time  to  count  as  well 

The  switching  require- 
ments to  make  a  combined 
ohmmeter/capacimeter  are 
not  horrendous,  but  to  do 
a    really    good    job,    you 


would  want  to  consider  a 
bigger  case  to  accommo- 
date range  switching.  If  you 
have  a  dead-keyboard  cal- 
culator to  start  with,  per 
haps  try  putting  in  a  huge 
LED  display  in  plate  of  the 
usual  small  one.  With  com- 
mercial capacimeters  sell- 
ing for  about  ten  times  the 
cost  of  the  Kaltek  module, 
you  can  do  almost  as  much 
(except  for  the  teeny 
capacitances)  and  have  the 
advantages  of  the  digital 
ohm  meter  in  the  bargain. 

Conclusion 

I  could  goon  and  on  until 
the  applications  for  the 
RG111  module  were  limit- 
ed by  my  imagination.  But 
it  seems  fitting  to  leave  off 
as  above  and  tell  you  that 
the  applications  are  limited 
by  your  imagination.  In  any 
event  this  little  device  has 
a  truly  impressive  cost- 
benefit  ratio,  and  I'm  confi- 
dent that  you'll  flip  over 
it  ■ 


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Henry  Radio 
(213)820-1234 

DALLAS,  TX 

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Dallas  1434-0580 

Texas  (800)  442-3811 
Outside  (800}  527-0627 

NORTH  HOLLYWOOD,  CA 
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13}  980-6248 

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(913)888-9800 

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(602)  948-8003 

HCO  Solar   |nc  HH-J-62 


HONOLULU,  HI 

Servco  Pacific  inc. 
(808)841-3644 

WILLITS.  CA 

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(707)  459-9496 

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Solar  West  Electric 
(805)  963-9667 

CALGARY 
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Westronics  Engineering 
-03)253-5585 


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Subsidiary  of  AllanlJCRichfieltiCompany 


^ 


^See  List  ot  Atf reisers  on  page  130 


73 Magazine  *  April,  1982     35 


/ames  L  Campion  NT  A  AD 
3001  South  28dth,  §182 
Federal  Way  WA  98O03 


Scanning  with  the  IC-280 


How  many  times  have 
you  seen  a  nifty  circuit 
that  would  expand  the  ca- 
pability of  your  operation 


only  to  be  stopped  cold  by 
the  thought  of  drilling  holes 
or  otherwise  performing 
cosmetic   surgery  on   your 


shiny  new  rig  just  to  mount 
controls  for  the  additional 
function?  Here  is  a  scanner 
that  uses  existing  switches, 


Fig.  7. 


inr  pv*> 

IC-280  schematic  diagram  showing  microprocessor  and  control  input  circuitry. 


costs  about  525  maximum, 
and  mounts  inside  the  con- 
trol head 

Two-meter  transceivers 
as  a  class  have  been  trend- 
ing towards  the  low  current 
drain  of  CMOS  control  cir- 
cuitry, notably  synthesizers 
and  attendant  display  cir- 
cuits with  external  control 
capability.  The  earliest  ex- 
ample  of  this  type  of  trans- 
ceiver in  the  Icom  line  was 
the  IG22S  which,  for  the 
first  time,  offered  hams  the 
ability  to  interface  their  rigs 
with  a  wide  variety  of  hard- 
ware. Since  then,  several 
advances  have  been  made, 
the  latest  of  which  incor- 
porates a  microprocessor 
into  the  control  function, 

Before  proceeding  fur 
ther,  one  point  should  be 
emphasized.  The  micropro- 
cessor in  the  IC-280's  con- 
trol head  resembles  less  a 
hobbyist's  computer  sys- 
tem (8080,  6800,  Z80,  etc) 
and  more  the  type  found  in 
a  calculator  The  chip  is 
from  Texas  Instruments' 
TMS  1000  series  of  micro- 
processors which  have  all 
RAM  and  ROM  in  the  same 
package  and  cannot  access 
external  memory  of  any 
kind.  The  ROM  is  mask-pro- 
grammed at  the  factory  and 
cannot  be  changed. 

Nevertheless,  it  offers 
enormous  flexibility  (from 
the  designer's  point  of  view) 
in  that  it  can  be  tailored  for 
any  type  of  control  func- 
tion in  any  type  of  system 
that  can  be  imagined. 


36     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


Flexible  for  the  engineer 
but  pretty  well  set  for  the 
user,  right?  Well,  not  quite. 

The  secret  of  enhancing 
the  control  capability  of 
such  a  system  lies  in  the 
realization  that  while  the 
microprocessor  is  pro- 
grammed for  a  limited  num- 
ber of  control  functions, 
these  same  functions  need 
not  be  accessed  via  me- 
chanical switches  but  elec- 
tronically instead,  upon 
command  of  other  signals 
within  the  transceiver.  In 
short,  it  is  very  easy  to 
cause  the  radio  to  tell  itself 
what  to  do. 

Theory  of  Operation 

To  understand  how  the 
scanner  works,  it  is  neces- 
sary to  describe  how  data 
gets  entered  into  the  micro* 

processor. 

The  type  of  input  used  is 
called  a  scanning  matrix. 
Basically,  this  means  that 
there  are  just  four  lines  (K,, 
K2,  K4#  KB)  where  informa- 
tion will  go  into  the  chip, 
However,  due  to  internal 
circuits,  the  data  input  lines 
accept  only  certain  types  of 
information  at  certain 
times.  These  times  coincide 
with  a  high  R  strobe,  only 
one  of  which  is  positive  at 
any  given  time. 

For  instance,  of  the  four 
strobe  lines  we  are  interest- 
ed in  (R0-R3)  for  data  input, 
we  will  assume  that  the  R0 
strobe  has  just  gone  high,  or 
positive.  Strobes  R7-Ra  then 
are  at  a  low,  or  ground  po- 
tential For  the  period  of 
time  that  R<,  is  high,  the  data 
fines  Klf  K2,  K4,  and  K&  are 
interested  only  in  data  from 
the  optical  chopper  regis- 
ter. This  data  will  cause  the 
frequency  to  increase,  de- 
crease, or  remain  un- 
changed and  is  updated  at 
the  strobe  rate  of  about  1 25 
pps  (pulses  per  second). 

Referring  to  the  IC-280 
control-head   schematic  in 

Fig,  1 ,  it  can  be  seen  that  the 
data  lines  are  physically 
connected  to  a  variety  of 
switches  and  circuits.  The 
reason  that  data  from  the 


Data  Input  Lines 


Strobe/ Function 

When  dial  is  se- 
lected and  RO  is 
isiiive 


N/C 


N/C 


11  is  the  sim/dup 
strobe.  When  it  is 
high  and  the  dup. 
function  switches 
are  set,  the  fol- 
lowing occurs 

With  memory- 

write  switch 
depressed  and  R2 
high 

If  R3  is  high  and 
the  memory-chan- 
nel switch  is  set 
as  follows: 


N/C 


High  If  dup 
and  in  Tx 


High  if 
-600  kHz 


High  it 
+  600  kH; 


High 


N/C 


High  regardless 
of  memory  write 


HfC 


High  if  Ch>  1 


High  if  Ch.  2 


High  if  Ch.  3 


N/C 


Table  7,  input  data  codes  for  microprocessor  IC-7  in  the  IC-280  control  head. 


chopper  register  is  not  gar- 
bled by  these  other  compo- 
nents is  that  the  common 
contact  of  each  switch  is 
connected  to  the  strobe  ap- 
propriate to  its  function. 
When  the  R0  line  is  high  and 
all  other  strobes  are  low, 
each  low  strobe  is  prevent- 
ed from  sinking  current  or 
pulling  down  voltage  on  the 
lines  by  means  of  a  block- 
ing diode. 

When  the  R!  line  goes 
high,  only  data  correspond- 
ing to  that  strobe  is  generat- 
ed- Next,  the  Rt  strobe  goes 
low  and  R2  goes  high,  and 
so  on  The  function  of  each 
line  in  the  matrix  is  listed  in 

Tablet. 

The  scanner-module 
schematic  is  shown  in  Fig.  2. 
The  switch  section  at  the 
bottom  of  the  diagram  is 
the  last  section  of  the 
channel-select  switch  (see 
Fig,  1)-  The  common  con- 
tact normally  connected  to 
the  R0  strobe  is  now  con- 
nected to  the  power  switch 
through  a  resistor,  R29,  This 
allows  the  use  of  the  switch 
section  to  select  the  dial 
mode  in  either  the  D  or  CH 
3  positions  by  using  analog 
switch  S1  to  perform  the 
previous  function  of  the 
channel  switch.  Thus,  when 
the  D  position  is  selected, 
the  transceiver  operates 
normally. 

However,  with  suitable 
modifications  to  the  other 


two  sections  of  the  channel 
switch  in  the  CH  3  position, 
the  voltage  now  available 
from  the  last  section  in  the 
CH  3  position  is  used  to  turn 
on  analog  switch  52  in  the 
scanner,  allowing  pulses  to 
pass  through  it.  Analog 
switch  S3  is  normally 
turned  on  in  the  receive 
mode  and  will  allow  pulses 
from  analog  switch  52  to  go 
to  the  chopper  circuit.  S3  is 
turned  off  in  transmit,  pre- 
venting scanning. 

In  the  scanning  position, 
a  positive  voltage  is  con- 
nected to  pin  4,  IC5  in  the 
control  head,  which  is  the 
RESET  input  for  the  up/ 
down  flip-flop  in  the  optical 
chopper  circuit.  Since  the 
voltage  causes  the  Q  out- 
put to  be  forced  low,  the 
microprocessor  always 
counts  down. 

To  make  the  scanner 
count  up,  the  SET  line  must 
receive  the  positive  voltage 
while  the  RESET  line  is 
grounded.  However,  the 
scanner's  performance  is 
the  same  in  either  mode 
and  it  is  easier  to  wire  the  IC 
to  count  down, 

When  the  280  receives  a 
signal,  a  dc  voltage  im- 
posed on  the  audio  line  is 
transmitted  from  the 
squelch  circuit  to  the  base 
of  Q11,  causing  its  collec- 
tor to  be  grounded.  The  re- 
ceive LED  whose  cathode  is 
connected  to  the  collector 


of  Q11  is  then  lit  The  col- 
lector of  Q11  is  also  con- 
nected to  terminal  11  of  the 
scanner  which  in  turn  is 
connected  to  pin  12  of  IC3, 
the  input  on  a  NAND  gate. 
If  pin  13,  the  other  input  to 
the  NAND  gate,  is  high, 
then  the  output  on  pin  11 
will  go  to  ground  A  negative 
spike  is  then  generated  by 
C4  and  R7  and  is  used  to  trip 
the  monostable  multivibra- 
tor which  consists  of  two 
NOR  gates  from  IC1  and  C5 
and  R8,  whose  time  con- 
stant will  roughly  deter- 
mine the  length  of  pause  on 
an  occupied  channel.  The 
values  shown  will  yield 
about  9  seconds  R8  can  be 
decreased  to  50k  Ohms  to 
generate  shorter  pause 
times. 

When  the  monostable  is 
tripped,  pin  10  of  IC1  goes 
to  ground,  which  pulls 
down  the  control  line  of  an- 
alog switch  S2  through  D4. 
This  action  stops  the  pulses 
going  to  the  chopper  cir- 
cuit, and  the  transceiver 
will  stay  on  the  channel  un- 
til the  one-shot  resets. 

The  monostable  circuit 
will  not  respond  to  further 
trip  pulses  on  its  input  after 
the  original  spike  so  that 
the  practical  result  is  for 
the  scanner  to  stop  for  a 
fixed  length  of  time  on  an 
occupied  channel  no  mat- 
ter how  many  times  the 
squelch  is  broken. 

73  Magazine  •  Aprit,  1982     37 


Fig.  2.  Scanner  module  schematic. 


H  C 


ORANGE 


ORANGE 


REfi 


6RtSW 


tq  rc-s  F  •    ■ 

TO  PWR 

VW    THROUGH    SZKft 


__v '__ 


ft£D 


13*15 
16 


17 

18 


No  change. 

Remove  cathode  of  diode.  Remove  2  orange  wires 
and  splice  with  orange  wire  from  module.  Leave  this 
tab  unconnected. 
No  change. 

Remove  anode  of  diode  (its  cathode  was  removed 
from  tab  5).  Install  cathode  of  new  diode  and  blue 
wire  from  module. 
No  change. 

Connect  the  yellow  6"  wire  (not  from  the  module) 
and  anode  of  the  diode  whose  cathode  was  con- 
nected to  tab  #7. 

Remove  violet  wire  and  splice  to  violet  wire  from 
module.  Install  the  3"  red  wire  (goes  to  power  switch 
through  22k). 
No  change. 

Remove  anode  of  diode  connected  to  tab  17  and 
connect  it  to  this  tab.  This  will  leave  tab  17  uncon 

M&tcL 
See  tab  16. 
No  change. 


Fig.  3.  Channel  switch  pictorial  and  modification  instruc- 
tions (rear  view). 

30     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


The  astable  multivibra- 
tor, whose  output  is  fed  to 
analog  switch  52,  has  two 
speeds  selected  by  analog 
switch  $4.  When  S4  is  on, 
more  capacitance  is  con- 
nected in  parallel  with  C2 
and  C3,  lengthening  the 
time  constant  and  lowering 
the  output  repetition  rate, 
When  S4  is  off,  the  repeti- 
tion rate  increases. 

The  reason  for  the  two 
pulse  rates  is  that  in  the 
146-148-MHz  portion  of  the 
band,  the  set  tunes  in  15- 
kHz  steps,  and  the  143- 
145.99-MHz  portion  tunes 
in  5-kHz  increments.  To 
keep  the  time  spent  in  the 
lower  portion  of  the  band 
more  or  less  equal  to  that 
spent  in  the  upper  portion, 
the  scan  rate  must  increase. 
The  fastest  scan  rate  is  used 
if  one  is  not  interested  in 
the  lower  portion  of  the 
band;  a  more  moderate 
speed  is  used  to  detect  oc- 
cupied frequencies  below 
146  MHz,  and  146-148  MHz 
are  always  scanned  at  the 
same  rate, 

If  one  wishes  to  receive 
signals  in  the  143-145.99- 
MHz  range,  two  contradic- 
tory problems  are  apparent 
First,  if  the  scan  rate  is  too 
fast,  the  scanner  will  not  re- 
liably stop  on  frequency  — 


if  it  stops  at  all.  If  the  rate  is 
slow  enough  to  stop  reli- 
ably, the  unit  will  spend  a 
much  greater  period  of 
time  in  a  portion  of  the 
band  which  is  relatively 
unused.  The  solution  is  to 
connect  NAND  gates,  one 
of  which  is  used  as  an  in- 
verter, to  terminals  5  and  8 
of  the  scanner  and  turn  ana- 
log switch  S4  on  or  off,  de- 
pending on  the  state  of  the 
inputs. 

Terminal  5  of  the  module 
is  connected  to  the  R4  line 
which  is  low  when  the  kHz 
digit  is  5  and  high  when  the 
digit  is  0.  ff  the  Hi/Lo  power 
button  is  pushed  in,  termi- 
nal 8  is  high  This  means 
that  analog  switch  S4  will 
be  off  when  the  kHz  digit  is 
5  and  the  astable  will  have 
a  high  repetition  rate.  When 
the  kHz  digit  is  0,  the 
astable  will  take  a  longer 
time  to  change  state.  There- 
fore, a  minimum  time  is 
spent  on  frequencies  end- 
ing in  5  kHz  and  a  maxi- 
mum time  on  all  others 
when  below  146  MHz. 

If  terminal  8  is  grounded 
(Hi/Lo  button  out),  the  scan- 
ner will  be  in  the  high-scan 
rate  all  the  time  unless  ter- 
minal 1  goes  high  and  turns 
on  analog  switch  54 
through  D2,  slowing  the 
scan  rate.  Terminal  1  is  con- 
nected to  the  Bj  line  [RB  line 
from  IC7)  which  goes  high 
from  146  MHz  to  148.11 
MHz.  The  connection  be- 
tween pins  2  and  13  of  IC3 
on  the  module  ensures  that 
if  terminal  8  is  grounded, 
squelch  breaks  will  not  stop 
the  scanner  below  146 
MHz,  but  will  pause  appro- 
priately above  146  MHz. 

Construction 

Construction  of  the  sin- 
gle-sided PC  board  is  rather 
straightforward,  and  the 
foil  layout  is  shown  in  Fig.  4 
Wire  color  is  specified  in 
the  schematic  in  Fig.  2t  and 
component  layout  in  Fig.  5. 
Tolerances  are  not  critical; 
however,  the  components 
specified  in  the  parts  list  fit 
the    PC    board.    Since   the 


INNOVATION 

QUALITY  DESIGN  and  CONSTRUCTION 

RELIABILITY 

SERVICE 


AEA  INVITES  YOU  TO  SEE  OUR  PRODUCTS 
AT  QUALITY  DEALERS  THROUGHOUT  THE 
U.S.  AND  CANADA. 

FOR  DETAILED  INFORMATION  ON  OUR  PRODUCT  LINE 
CONTACT  ADVANCED  ELECTRONIC  APPLICATIONS,  INC., 
P.O.  BOX  2160,  LYNN  WOOD,  WA  98036.  CALL  206/775-7373. 


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THE  RTTY  ANSWER 


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THINKING  OF  RTTY?? 

APPLE       TRS  . . .  HEATH  . . .  DEDICATED  SYSTEM?  SOFTWARE? 
INTERFACE?  PERFORMANCE?  PRICE?  We  know  you  have  questions 
check  our  answers.  Call  today  for  information  on  our  terminal  units! 


700  TAYLOR  RD. 
iLUMBUS,  OHIO  43230 
(614)864-2464 
IASTER  CHARGE  ACCEPTED 
IMMEDIATE  DELIVERY 


^H 


module  is  installed  compo- 
nent side  down,  hookup 
wires  should  come  out  on 


aU^    a„^a 


_U_ *-X — i_L 


and  be  careful  not  to  strip 
the  heads  of  the  screws, 
which  are  generally  quite 


*-*- 


• 


■  * 


-Q^L 


1 


-I- 


f/g.  6.  Microprocessor  and  control  board  modifications  location. 


the  leads  of  the  CMOS  IC  in 
the  head  and  also  the  tab 
on    the    memory-channel 

switch  which  has  the  yellow 


Parts  List 
C1         .OIhiF,  12-voJt  ceramic 
disc 

C2        .0047-uF,  12-volt 

ceramic  disc 
C3        ,1-uF,  12-vgU  ceramic 

disc 
C4        1-uF,  ifrvolt  electrolytic 

PC  mount  (aluminum  or 

tanlalum) 
C5        10-uF,  Ifrvolt  electro- 
lytic PC  mount 

(aluminum  or  tantalum) 
D1-D7  1N4148  or  equivalent  sil- 
icon 
ICI        4001  CMOS  quad,  NOR 
IC2       4016  CMOS  quad,  ana* 

log  switch 
IC3       4011  CMOS  quad. 

NAND 
R1         1.3M,  1/4-Watt  carbon 

film 
R2-R7  47k.  1/4-Watt  carbon 

film 
R8        1M.  1/4-Watt  carbon  film 
R9        120K,  1/4-Watt  carton 

film 
R10      22k,  l/4*Watt  carbon 

film 
Misc.— PC  board,  solder 
12  ea,  26-  or  28-gauge  stranded, 
plastic  covered  wire   in  5" 
lengths  in  12  primary  colors 
and  pastels  in  pink  and  in 
light  green 
1—26-   or   28-gauge   stranded 
plastic  covered  wire  6"  in 
lenath.  vellow 


wire  connected  — it  may  be 
shorting  to  the  metal  frame 

To  activate  the  scanner, 
select  position  3  on  the 
memory-channel  switch. 
Do  not  be  alarmed  if  noth- 
ing happens  at  first,  but 
after  about  10  seconds  the 
digits  will  start  counting 
down. 

If  the  Hi/Lo  power  button 
is  OUT,  the  scanner  will 
pause  again  after  changing 
from  146,00  MHz  to 
145.995  MHz  whether  or 
not  a  signal  is  received. 
After  the  pause,  it  should 
start  counting  rapidly 
downward  until  reaching 
148/11  MHz,  where  it  will 
count  at  a  much  slower 
rate* 

When  the  Hi/Lo  button  is 
OUT  and  the  displayed  fre- 
quency is  below  146.00 
MHz  and  after  the  initial 
pause,  a  squelch  break  will 
not  stop  the  scanner. 

When  the  Hi/Lo  button  is 
IN,  a  squelch  break  (accom- 
panied by  the  lighting  of  the 
Receive  LED)  should  stop 
the  scanner  both  above  and 
below  the  146,00-MHz 
boundary. 

If  these  conditions  can- 
not be  obtained,  check  the 
input  gate  to  the  mono- 
stable  on  the  module  and 
also  see  if  the  cathode  of 


scanner  should  always  stop, 
thus  preventing  unwanted 
interference  to  others. 

If  a  signal  generator  is 
available,  hook  it  up  to  the 
antenna  connector  of  the 
280  and  check  to  see  that 
the  scanner  will  stop  on  the 
right  frequency.  This  check 
can  also  be  performed  us- 
ing off-the-air  signals  if  their 
frequency  is  known.  If  the 
scanner  stops  too  late,  in- 
crease the  value  of  C3  by 
.001  uF  to  .005  uF. 

Here  are  some  ways  the 
scanner  may  be  used. 

If  the  scanner  pauses  on 
a  frequency  of  immediate 
interest,  select  position  D 
on  the  memory-channel 
switch.  This  will  be  the 
same  frequency  as  in  the 
scanner  position.  Be  sure  to 
select  the  proper  mode  of 
duplex  or  simplex  before 
transmitting. 

If  the  scanner  pauses  on 
a  frequency  of  less  immedi- 
ate interest,  select  either 
position  1  or  2  on  the  mem- 
ory-channel switch  and 
press  the  memory  button  to 
store  the  frequency.  Select 
position  3  to  resume  scan- 
ning. 

If  a  signal  is  received 
above  146.000  MHz  and  is 
not  on  the  15/30  kHz  band 

nlan   fh*>  ^rarvnpr  will  nanca 


will  be  quite  readable. 
However,  before  transmit* 
ting  the  transceiver-tuning 
increments  should  be 
changed  to  5-kHz  steps  ac- 
cording to  the  supplemen- 
tal operator's  sheet  en- 
closed with  the  IC-280  in  or- 
der to  obtain  the  correct 
operating  frequency. 

Summary 

With  a  few  hours  time 

and  $10  to  $25  invested,  de- 
pending on  where  the  parts 
are  obtained,  a  reliable  and 
simpie-to-operate  scanner 
can  be  added  to  the  IG280 
without  drilling  holes  or 
otherwise  destroying  the 
front  panel.  To  date,  seven 
scanners  have  been  built 
using  the  above  data  and 
have  been  working  with  no 
problems. 

For  those  who  elect  not 
to  make  the  PC  board,  an 
assembled  and  tested  mod- 
ule may  be  obtained  by 
sending  me  a  check  or  mon- 
ey order  for  $25.  Etched 
and  drilled  PC  boards  only 
are  available  for  $15. 

Brief  technical  questions 
on  the  scanner  can  be  an- 
swered only  if  you  send  me 
an  SASE 

I  would  like  to  acknowl- 
edge the  invaluable  assis- 


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VFO 


Imagine. .25  watts/5  mem- 
ories/2 scanner  systems 
ina2"Hx5Vy'Wx7"D 
2  meter  transceiver! 

A  very  small  package  with  a  25  watt 
punch,  the  IC-25A  is  a  full  featured  FM 
transceiver  for  the  space  conscientious 
operator.  Nearly  the  same  size  as  an  auto- 
motive AM  radio,  the  IC-25A  will  fit  in 
places  usually  considered  impossible  for  a 
one  piece  2  meter  transceiver.  The  IC-25A 
is  no  lightweight  when  it  comes  to  features: 

•  5  memories.    Store  vour  favorite  fre- 
quencies. 

•  Priority  channel  Monitor  your  most 
important  frequency. 


•  25  watts  high/1  watt  battery  saving 
low  power. 

•  Touchtone™  mic  standard., no  extra 
cost... to  work  your  favorite  autopatch  re- 
peater. 

•  Full  band  scan/programmable  scan 
(set  your  own  hmits)/memory  scan*, ., ail 
with  automatic  resume  after  preset  delay  or 
carrier  drop. 

•  2  VFO's  with  data  transfer  standard. 

•  2  tuning  rates  5 KHz  (A  VFO)  or  15 
KHz  (B  VFO). 

•  Nor/Rev  switch  for  instant  monitor- 
ing of  repeater  inputs. 

•  Memory  back  up  power  supply  option 
holds  memory  when  attached. 


Actual  Size, 
(Clip  this  actual  photo  out  and  try  it  in  your  car, 


5*/4  inches  wide 


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W2NSD/1 

NEVER  SAY  DIE 

editorial  t>y  Wayne  Green 


from  page  8 

what  to  do  about  it,  and  lodging 
official  complaints  is  not  the 
answer.  We've  been  that  route 
for  years, 

The  best  solution  to  a  nag- 
ging problem  like  this  is  to  at- 
tack. Let's  get  organized  and 
see  what  we  can  do  to  drive  the 
dreaded  dragon  off  our  ham 
bands.  If  we  work  together,  we 
can  do  it.  And,  yes,  I'm  sug- 
gesting some  deliberate  inter- 
ference. Sauce  for  the  goose. 

Despite  a  lot  of  science  fic- 
tion baloney  about  the  wood- 
pecker signals  being  used  lor 
behavior  modification,  all  it  is  is 
long-range  radar.  The  only 
behavior  modified  is  the  DX  op- 
erators who  start  climbing  the 
walls. 

Okay,  it's  radar.  Those  of  you 
who  have  an  inkling  of  how  ra- 
dar works  know  the  answer  to 
the  problem  already.  It's  simple. 
If  you  want  to  screw  up  a  radar 
signal,  all  you  have  to  do  is  send 
a  return  signal  on  its  frequency 
which  blocks  out  the  echos. 
Hams,  from  the  earliest  wood- 
pecker days,  have  been  driving 
the  monster  off  their  bands  by 
getting  on  the  frequency  and 
sending  properly  spaced  dots 
back.  The  screen  somewhere  in 
Russia  blanks  out  and  the 
operators  utter  some  Russian 
oaths  and  change  the  frequency 
to  get  rid  of  the  interference* 

Now,  if  you  chaps  would  get 
together  into  some  networks  to 
spot  and  erase  this  blight  we 
could  get  Ivan  off  our  ham 
bands  for  good.  You  need  a  key- 
er  which  can  be  adjusted  to 
send  back  pulses  in  between  the 
woodpecker  ticks. 

There  are  a  number  of  these 
pests  around  Russia,  so  you 
may  have  your  hands  fuil  for  a 
while.  With  persistence,  1  think 
they  will  stay  out  of  our  bands 
and  go  elsewhere  for  their  radar 
work. 

Or  you  can  look  on  the  bright 
side  of  things  as  you  gnash  your 
teeth  over  the  noise.  There  is  a 
good  deal  of  evidence  that  the 
very  high  power  transmitters  be- 


ing used  for  this  work  are  having 
an  effect  upon  the  people  im- 
mediately in  its  path.  Indeed, 
one  of  the  major  woodpecker 
transmitter  sites  is  just  across 
the  border  from  Finland  and  the 
Incidence  of  cancer  in  the  near- 
by  Finnish  town  is  reported  to  be 
exceptionally  high.  At  this  dis- 
tance, all  we  get  is  apoplexy. 

THE  DANNALS  DEAL 
To  say  that  I'm  disappointed 
in   a   bunch   of  readers  is  to 

understate  the  case.  I've  gotten 
a  lot  of  flack  for  my  strong  sup- 
port of  Dannals  for  the  new 
general  manager  of  the  League 
and  I  think  this  needs  to  be 
brought  out  into  the  open. 

Now  look  here. ,  .1  think  that 
some  loyalty  to  the  president  of 
the  League  is  in  order  and  I  don't 
want  any  more  of  those  letters 
telling  me  that  good  old  Harry  is 
a  pompous  fathead,  Harry  and 
his  father  before  him  have  been 
ARRL  directors.  Could  you  ask 
for  any  more  loyalty  than  that? 

And  it  you're  worried  about 
your  League  getting  into  trou- 
ble, just  remember  that  Harry  ts 
already  retiring  from  his  lifetime 
of  work  as  a  union  steward,  so  a 
couple  of  years  as  general  man- 
ager of  the  League  isn't  going  to 
make  a  lot  of  difference.  Isn't  it 
about  time  that  a  loyal  sup- 
porter like  that  had  a  chance  to 
get  a  decent  salary  for  a  year  or 
two. , ,  and  an  unlimited  ex- 
pense account?  Not  to  mention 
a  very  generous  retirement  from 
the  League  in  a  few  years.  That 
retirement  pay  plus  his  first 
retirement  pay  should  allow 
Harry  to  go  on  as  many  DXpedi- 
tions  as  he  wants  without  any 
further  worry  about  money.  It's 
only  a  few  bucks  out  of  your 
pocket,  so  why  be  chintzy? 

Remember  that  amateur  ra- 
dio is  in  the  doldrums  right  now. 
ITs  not  the  worst  doldrums 
we've  had. . .  those  were  back  in 
1964-69...  but  they're  pretty 
del.  Thus  it  really  isn't  going  to 
make  a  big  difference  what  the 
ARRL  does  for  a  while,  so  why 
get  exercised?  I  say  give  Harry 
his  due  and  stop  all  the  beefing. 


It  is  hard  to  stop  the  rumor 
mill,  but  I  really  don't  put  any 
credence  in  the  gossip  that 
Harry  will  be  moving  HQ  to  New 
York  so  it  will  be  closer  to  his 
home,  Of  course,  that  would  be 
a  bit  closer  to  Washington, 
where  it  really  should  be. .  .but 
not  close  enough,  Yesr  I  know 
that  they  don't  need  that  huge 
building  any  more  and  that  it  is  a 
bear  as  far  as  heating  goes,  But 
remember  that  the  building 
didn't  cost  the  League  much 
since  it  was  paid  for  by  member 
building  fund  donations.  With 
the  staff  cutbacks,  they  could 
make  do  with  a  lot  smaller  HQ 
building,  or  perhaps  Harry  will 
rent  part  of  the  building  out  to 
economize. 

So  let's  not  hear  any  more  of 
this  heresy  and  bad-mouthing  of 
Harry,  okay?  Some  of  the  things 
he's  done  have  given  the  impres- 
sion that  he  doesn't  have  both 
oars  in  the  water,  but  that  may 
be  because  you  don't  have  all  of 
the  facts.  Take  heart  and  re- 
member thai  even  if  Harry  turns 
out  to  be  as  inept  as  Baldwin 
has  appeared,  the  League  will 
still  survive.  Not  to  worry. 

ARRL  ATTACKED 
Those  few  of  us  who  are  still 
reading  HR  were  aghast  at  the 
February  vicious  attack  against 
the  ARRL  in  the  editorial.  What 
is  the  world  coming  to?  This 
would  never  have  happened 
under  the  guidance  of  good  old 
Jim  Fisk,  who  was  able  to 
stomach  anything  the  ARRL  did. 

Ham  Radio  magazine,  which 
has  been  dropping  steadily  in  ad 
support,  had  some  corking  good 
articles  in  February. .  .too  bad  if 
you  missed  them  and  the  ARRL 
attack,  For  instance,  there  was 
a  pip  of  an  article  on  how  to  use 
the  HP-34C  computer  to  design 
Pl-L  matching  networks,  some- 
thing which  I'm  sure  has 
plagued  all  of  us.  Those  pages 
of  charts  will  be  of  incalculable 
vafue  to  thousands  of  hams  who 
prefer  to  design  their  own 
matching  networks  and  put 
them  in  place  of  the  factory-buiU 
circuits  in  our  sideband  rigs. 

Another  spell-binder  was  a 
772-page  article  on  the  sys- 
tematic design  of  crystal  ladder 
filters,  ril  bet  they  thought  I'd 
forgotten  all  that  calculus  I  was 
crammed  with  40  years  ago  in 
college.  ..  well,  here's  where  I 
could  finally  get  it  out  and  use  it 
You  can  bet  that  hams  will  be 
quoting  that  article  for  several 
years  to  come. 


With  the  thermometer  outside 
my  window  hovering  at  -  10*;  I 
read  with  amusement  their 
state-of-the-art  rotator  ar* 
tide.*. using  a  rope  going 
through  two  holes  in  the  house 
to  the  beam.  The  two  rope  holes 
would  let  out  enough  heat  to  pay 
for  a  rotator  in  one  winter  here. 

Well,  Tm  sure  we're  all  glad  to 
see  HR  hanging  in  there.  . ,  even 
after  losing  both  Ham  Horizons 
and  Ham  Radio  Report. 

BUILDING 

One  of  the  ways  in  which 
radio  amateurs  have  been  of 
value  to  the  country  down 
through  the  years  has  been  in 
their  designing  and  building  of 
new  equipment.  It's  been  a  while 
since  I've  polled  the  73  readers 
to  see  what  percentage  are  into 
building,  but  the  last  poll 
showed  that  80%  had  built  at 
least  one  home  construction 
project  during  the  previous  year. 

The  high  percentage  of  ads 
for  parts  in  73  indicates  that  you 
readers  are  still  building  today.  I 
donl  think  there  is  any  other 
magazine  with  more  ads  for 
parts.  Building  is  one  of  the 
more  fun  things  to  do  in  our  hob- 
by, so  Td  like  to  do  all  I  can  to  en- 
courage more  of  it. 

You  know.  It  doesn't  take  a  lot 
of  technical  knowledge  to  get 
started  building.  Once  you  get 
into  it,  you  find  that  you  are 
learning  every  day.  It's  a  great 
fun  way  to  learn  the  technical 
end  of  things. . .  learn  by  doing. 
Then,  when  you  get  on  the  air, 
you  have  something  real  to  talk 
about.  You  can  beef  over  the 
problems  you  had  in  getting 
something  to  work,  knowing 
that  the  chap  on  the  other  end  is 
eating  his  heart  out  that  he 
doesn't  have  a  similar  story  to 
swap  because  he  has  bought 
everything  he  is  using. 

To  help  get  more  hams  into 
building,  I'm  asking  that 
everyone  who  has  designed  and 
built  something  unique  write  it 
up  and  send  in  the  article,  It's 
your  responsibility  to  encourage 
more  hams  to  build,  and  only  a 
wealth  of  interesting  projects 
will  do  this.  Writing  the  articles 
Is  up  to  you.  I'll  publish  them. 

When  I  started  73,  it  was  with 
the  idea  of  promoting  ham 
building.  Down  through  the 
years,  73  has  always  been  the 
builder's  magazine.  We  have 
used  the  space  QST  wastes  on 
those  endless  activity  reports  to 
publish  articles  and  more  ar- 
ticles,  a   good   percentage   of 


44     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


them  on  small  construction  proj- 
ects which  can  be  done  in  a 
weekend.  Now,  with  MR  rapidly 
fading  away,  we'll  be  running  a 
few  more  of  the  back-breaking 
type  of  construction  projects  for 
which  they  were  justly  famous. 
We  don't  want  them  to  stop  just 
because  MR  is  fading  away. 

Hams  are  builders*  The  more 
construction  projects  you  send 
in  for  us  to  publish,  the  more 
you'll  get  in  73.  I  would  like  to 
see     articles     on     aft     as- 
pects. .  .simple   projects   and 
engineering  masterpieces,    I'd 
like  to  see  'em  on  digital  cir- 
cuits, gadgets  for  the  home,  for 
the    car,    antennas,    tuners, 
automatic  identifiers,  new  slow- 
scan  circuits,  color  slow  scan, 
and  so  on.  We  are  perhaps  five 
hundred  articles  behind  on  what 
I   would   like   to  see   in   RTTY 
developments. 

There  are  some  smaff  groups 
working  on  ever  more  exciting 
repeater  networking  systems. 
Let's  see  articles  on  these  which 
will  spur  other  groups  to  get  into 
the  game.  Let's  see  articles  on 
the  networking  circuits.  I  don't 
know  if  you  know  about  it,  but 
there  are  at  least  a  couple  of 
ham  UHF  networks  which  con- 
nect  virtually  all  of  the  western 
part  of  t  he  cou  nt  ry  together.  You 
can  use  an  HT  in  San  Diego  and 
talk  to  El  Paso  or  up  to  Oregon, 
ail  without  Interrupting  local  re- 
peater operations  along  the  way. 

No  one  has  figured  out  how  to 
get  from  the  Rockies  east  with 
these  nets  so  far.  The  short  hops 
in  the  f  fatiands  have  temporarily 
stopped  the  spread  of  these 
systems.  Perhaps  we  can  have 
some  ideas  on  that, .  .and  more 
construction  projects. 

You  design  itt  build  it,  and 
write  about  it . . .  and  III  publish 
rtt  getting  thousands  of  hams  to 
bulid  your  circuits. 

GOOD  ARRL  NEWS! 

Just  when  I  begin  to  get 
discouraged  over  the  slowness 
of  the  League  to  react  to 
technology  and  other  changes, 
something  interesting  comes 
along.  In  this  case,  there  is  a 
report  in  a  well-known  DX 
bulletin  to  the  effect  that  some 
badly  needed  changes  in  DX 
contest  rules  have  been  made. 

The  piece  reports  that  the 
ARRL  contest  advisory  commit- 
tee in  a  vote  of  8  to  3  has  decid- 
ed to  modify  the  operating 
periods  of  both  the  CW  and  the 
phone  DX  contests  to  allow  two 
additional  hours  of  operation  for 


both  the  first  and  second 
district  stations.  They  noted 
that  during  the  last  few  years 
the  East  Coast  has  come  very 
close  to  losing  its  dominance  in 
this  event  and  the  committee 
felt  that  this  rule  change  would 
ensure  that  the  traditions  of  the 
past  are  preserved.  Bravo f 

Anyone  with  comments  pro  or 
con  should  contact  QST  about 
this.  I  think  we  should  continue 
to  look  to  the  League  to  preserve 
past  traditions  and  look  to  73  to 
preserve  traditions  yet  to  come. 

FAVORS 

Most  of  us  have  read  some  of 
the  reports  from  the  FCC  on  the 
trial  and  conviction  of  one  of 
their  licensing  people  for  selling 
ham  licenses.  A  lot  of  hams  got 
furious  when  they  heard  about 
that. 

After  talking  with  some  of  the 
people  who  were  intimately  in- 
volved, a  rather  different  story 
from  the  official  version  is  told. 
It  appears  that  there  has  been  a 
good  deal  of  cover-up  of  actions 
by  higher  FCC  people  who  seem 
to  have  started  the  whole  mess. 
Tve  read  the  official  reports 
and  got  the  impression  that  this 
chap  Zigler  had  been  selling 
ham  licenses  and  got  caught, 
and  that  there  were  just  a  few 
bad  hams  involved. 

This  is  reported  to  have  got- 
ten started  when  Prose  Walker, 
who  was  the  chief  of  the  ham 
division  of  the  FCC,  started  ask- 
ing Zigler  to  do  some  "favors" 
for  friends  of  his— upgrading  of 
licenses,  special  calls.  Zigler  ap- 
parently got  fed  up  with  this 
after  a  while  and  told  some  of 
his  close  ham  friends  about  the 
situation  and  asked  if  they  had 
any  special  cases  who  might 
need  a  favor,  as  long  as  he  was 
doing  favors.  No  money  was  in- 
volved with  any  of  this.   One 
chap  I  talked  with  swears  he 
was   in   the   room   with  Zigler 
when  Walker  called  with  a  re- 
quest for  five  more  friends  of  his 
to  get  favors. 

Things  mushroomed,  with  the 
final  count  being  843  favors 
granted  by  Zigter.  That's  more 
than  a  few.  Eventually  the  word 
got  around  and  ZiglerTs  friends 
began  getting  cash  offers  for 
upgrading  of  their  tickets.  Then,  | 
after  a  while,  some  of  the  friends 
were  sending  Zigler  cash,  It's 
tough  to  send  back  unac- 
counted-for cash. 

Someone  finally  blew  the 
whistle.  Zigler  was  convicted 
and  put  in  prison  for  a  few  days. 


The  FCC  came  out  of  it  fairly 
cfeanr  and  a  few  of  the  favor 
recipients  lost  their  tickets.  Just 
a  few,  not  843. 

This   is  still  grinding   along 
through   the   courts  on   some 
level,  so  some  day  we  may  get 
the  facts  and  be  able  to  put  all 
this  into  perspective.  The  people 
involved  use  the  term  "favors" 
rather  than  bribery.  This  seems 
more  applicable  in  this  case.  I 
understand,  too,  that  Zigler  was 
quite  upset  by  the  pressures  he 
was  under  to  do  these  favors  for 
Walker  and  I  suspect  that  the 
favors  for  friends  were  more  in 
retaliation  for  being  forced  to  do 
what  he  considered  wrong  than 
as  an  enterprise  in   itself.  All 
agree  that  Zigler  was  one  of  the 
nicest  guys  you  could  ever  want 
to  meet  and  that  he  was  a  vie- 
timt  not  a  criminal. 

Well,  that's  the  story.  I'm 
open  for  any  further  informa- 
tion, pro  or  con,  as  this  de- 
velops. 

Some  of  the  victims  of  this 
disaster  are  asking  what  the  real 
difference  is  between  someone 
who  has  been  upgraded  as  a 
favor  and  the  chap  who  has 
spent  one  day  with  Bash  in  his 
high-pressure  memorization 
course  which  teaches  you  all  of 
the  test  answers  word  for  word. 
The  end  result  is  about  the 
same:  a  higher  grade  license 
with  no  knowledge  necessary. 

The  real  misery  comes  later 
when  these  people  get  on  the  air 
and  can't  let  their  fellow 
amateurs  know  that  they  don't 
know  anything.  That's  when  we 
start  finding  bad  language  and 
disruptive  operating. 


I  can't  in  any  way  defend  what 
these  chaps  claim  Walker  got 
started... or  Zigler  continuing 
it.  But  Is  it  fair  to  crucify  Zigler 
and  let  Bash  keep  going? 

SMITH  CHARTS 

That's  right,  Dick  Smith  of 
Dick  Smith  Electronics  in 
Australia  is  charting  a  trip 
around  the  world  via  helicopter 
And,  yes,  of  course  hell  have  a 
ham  rig  aboard,  working 
20-40-80  meters  as  he  flies. 

The  trip,  which  is  scheduled 
to  start  in  August,  1982,  will  be  a 
solo  flight,  with  most  hops  in  the 
200-400-mile  ranges.  It  will  start 
from  Dallas  and  run  up  the  east 
coast,   across   to   Greenland, 
Iceland,    the    Faroes,    down 
across  Europe,  down  by  Jordan 
and  Egypt,  across  Saudi  Arabia, 
Pakistan,  up  to  New  Delhi  and 
Katmandu,   down   to  Calcutta 
and    Rangoon,   and   on   down 
Australia   to   Sydney ...  home. 
Then  he'll  head  back  up  through 
eastern  Asia  across  the  Philip* 
pines,   Japan,   and  across  the 
northern  Pacific  via  a  couple  of 
shipboard   refueling   stops   to 
Adak  in  Alaska,  down  to  An* 
chorage,  Seattle,  and  to  Dallas. 
He's  expecting  to  end  the  trip  in 
early    1983.  .  .the    first    solo 
helicopter   flight   around    the 
world. 

Working  him  as  he  is  flying 
will  be  fun,  but  I  do  hope  he  will 
plan  sometime  on  the  ground  to 
get  on  the  air  and  give  us  DX 
fanatics  contacts  with  the  30 
countries  he  will  be  visiting 
along  the  way, 

As  the  trip  draws  near,  we'll 


Australia's  Dick  Smtth  VK2ZIP. 


73Magazine  *  April,  1982     45 


try  to  have  a  lot  of  Information 
on  it  for  you. 

READER  RESPONSES 
There  are  some  questions 
about  73  on  the  reader  response 
cards  and  every  so  often  we  get 
reports  from  the  firm  which  pro- 
cesses these  for  us.  I  think  you 
may  find  some  of  the  news  in- 
teresting. 

For  instance,  the  latest 
replies,  sampling  about  5%  of 
the  readers,  gives  our  readers  an 
average  income  of  $26,400  per 
year.  Surprisingly,  perhaps, 
31%  are  making  over  $30,000 
per  year.  Affluent  group,  really. 
That's  up  from  21  %  a  year  ago. 

We  asked  how  much  you 
spent  last  year  on  ham  gear  and 
the  average  was  $750,  That's  the 
average!  When  we  apply  that  to 
the  entire  readership  of  73,  we 
find  that  you  are  spending  near- 
ly $8,000,000  per  month  on  ham 
equipment.  Now  that's  just  you 
73  readers,  mind  you,  not  the 
average  ham.  Indeed,  there  is  a 
good  reason  to  believe  that  our 
group  represents  about  70%  of 
the  total  buying  of  ham  gear 
That's  higher  that  we  expected. 


Manufacturers  looking  for 
new  products  which  will  interest 
hams  should  note  that  13.1  %  of 
the  readers  are  actually  active 
on  RTTY  today  and  48.9%  say 
they  are  not  on  RTTY,  but  are  in* 
terested  In  getting  on  RTTY, 
That  comes  to  around  60,000  73 
readers  who  have  expressed  an 
interest  in  RTTY,  That's  a  gold 
mine  if  I  ever  saw  one. 

With  the  increased  circula- 
tion of  recent  months,  and  going 
by  the  reported  readers  per  copy 
of  the  magazine,  over  125,000 
hams  are  reading  73  every 
month.  At  $300  per  copy,  there 
is  a  lot  of  pass-along  readership, 
but  (he passalongees  are  most- 
ly active  buying  hams,  not 
retired  old-timers  on  pensions. 

Speaking  of  gold  mines, 
80.5%  of  the  readers  want  more 
articles  on  satellite  television.  I 
honestly  expected  to  run  into 
the  usual  resistance  to  new 
ideas  with  this  and  am  pleased 
that  everyone  is  hot  to  trot.  You 
know,  it  is  only  a  matter  of  time 
(and  not  much)  before  hams 
start  getting  much  more  into 
satellite  communications.  The 
time  is  just  about  here  for  that. 


-MAGAZINE 


'WORLD 
TLA& 


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46     73Magai'me  *  April,  1982 


WALKMAN  TALKMAN 

About  three  years  ago.  Sony 
came  up  with  one  of  their  usual 
brilliant  ideas. .  .the  Walkman, 
This  was  a  tiny  audio  cassette 
player  which  could  be  worn  on 
the  belt  and  used  with  a  star* 
tiingty  new  type  of  lightweight 
stereo  earphone  system  to  make 
it  possible  to  enjoy  truly  high- 
fidelity  sound  reproduction. 

Having  been  a  manufacturer 
in  the  hi-fi  business  back  in  its 
early  days  and  thus  knowing 
what  is  involved  tn  such  repro- 
duction, seldom  heard  with 
home  systems  which  are  afford- 
able.  I  was  astounded  when  I 
first  heard  the  Walkman  player. 
It  was  great  for  walks  and  even 
for  skiing.  Of  course,  by  the  time 
I  loaded  up  for  skiing  with  the 
Walkman,  some  tapes,  and  an 
HTf  my  pockets  were  so  full  of 
expensive  electronics  that  I 
didn't  dare  fall  down. 

As  tiny  as  the  first  Walkman 
from  Sony  was,  a  couple  years 
later  they  surpassed  themselves 
with  an  even  smaller  player, . , 
almost  the  size  of  the  cassettes, 
only  a  bit  thicker.  This  came  out 
at  about  the  time  that  the 
market  was  being  flooded  with 
knock-offs  of  the  original 
Walkman  made  in  Hong  Kong 
and  Taiwan, 

If  you  have  never  listened  to 
the  sound  from  a  Walkman,  you 
should  take  the  opportunity  the 
next  time  you  see  a  friend  with 
one- 
Okay,  now  on  to  the  Talk- 
man  .  .  .  not  by  Sony,  but  be- 
ing made  by  an  old  Japanese 
friend  of  two-meter  hams .  *  * 
Standard.  I  ran  into  an  ad  for 
this  unit  in  the  latest  JSoVA 
catalog.  Joe  Sugarman.  who, 
by  the  way,  is  a  ham,  has 
built  up  quite  a  reputation  for 
state-of-the-art  men's  toys,  so  I 
wasn't  surprised  to  find  this  new 
gadget  appearing  first  in  his 
catalog. 

The  Talkman  is  a  50-MHz 
transceiver  which  you  wear  on 
your  belt  and  which  comes  with 
a  headphone-microphone  set.  It 
is  designed  for  use  by  two  peo- 
ple who  want  to  be  able  to  talk 
despite  local  noise  or  moderate 
separation.  The  transmitter  is 
voice  actuated,  so  you  don't 
have  to  flick  any  switches.  The 
sound  is  excellent  quality,  and 
there  are  a  minimum  of  controls 
and  adjustments  so  that  anyone 
can  put  it  on  and  use  it. 

This  is  just  what  Sherry  and  I 


have  been  looking  for  to  use  in 
the  Dodge  van.  It  is  so  noisy  in 
the  van  that  normal  conversa- 
tion is  almost  impossible,  even 
when  she  is  in  the  front  seat.  As 
soon  as  she  heads  for  the  seats 
in  the  middle  or  the  lounge  in  the 
back,  we've  always  had  to 
scream  to  be  heard  The  Talkman 
is  perfect  for  this  type  of  use. 

The  Talkman  Is  also  great  for 
things  like  skiing  lessons  where 
you  want  to  tafk  to  someone 
without  having  to  yell  a  hundred 
yards  or  so.  Or  for  talking  with 
someone  on  top  of  the  tower 
making  adjustments  while  you 
are  in  the  shack  tuning  up.  The 
chap  on  the  top  of  the  tower 
does  not  need  to  hold  an  HT  in 
one  hand  and  the  tower  with 
the  other  We  lose  a  lot  of  hams 
that  way. 

Have  you  ever  gnashed  your 
teeth  in  frustration  while  waiting 
for  your  wife  to  come  to  an  ar- 
ranged meeting  spot  in  a  shop- 
ping  mall?  With  a  portable  type- 
writer I  could  have  written  an  en- 
cyclopedia just  in  waiting  time. 
Now,  with  the  Talkman*.. Tm 
able  to  find  out  Just  which  of  the 
toy  stores  has  grabbed  her  and 
is  holding  her  for  ransom. 
Grandchildren,  you  know. 

They're  a  lot  lighter  and  easier 
to  use  for  short-range  communi- 
cations than  HTs,  even  if  both 
people  wanting  to  talk  have  tick* 
ets.  No  license  required  for 
these  low-powered  50-MHz  sets 
. , .  and  the  antenna  is  built  into 
the  headphone  wires,  so  you 
don't  even  poke  out  eyes. 

Sherry,  who  is  fnto  ballooning 
(just  went  down  for  her  instruc- 
tor's ticket),  will  find  the  sets 
great  for  balioon-to-ground  com- 
munications. It's  very  handy  to 
let  the  ground  crew  know  where 
you're  planning  to  land.  Sherry 
got  hooked  on  balloons  when 
we  went  down  to  Florida  about 
five  years  ago  for  a  two-meter 
balloon-to-balloon  operation. 
Now  she  has  her  own. 

Tve  often  wondered  why  Stan- 
dard didn't  keep  up  with  the  US 
two-meter  market.  They  were 
one  of  the  first  and  foremost  in 
the  field  here,  but  then  got 
behind  when  the  Icom  synthe- 
sized rigs  came  out.  I  still  see 
some  great  looking  Standard 
ham  gear  in  the  Japanese  maga- 
zines, but  no  sign  of  US  models 
being  made.  I'm  still  getting  good 
use  from  my  old  Standard  HTs. 


Take  it  from  Matnerd  .  .  . 


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Matching  your  antenna  and  transmitter 
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You  can  depend  on  Dielectric, 
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73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     47 


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THE  interface*111  receives 
any  shift  of  RTTY,  ASCii,  or 
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Follow  the  leader  *  kantron- 
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A  tunable  signal  sync  control  assures  painting  of  off-Frequency  stations 
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Phone  (914)  356-6741     TELEX  No  13-7428 


48     73Magazme  •  April,  1982 


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73Magazine  •  April,  1982     49 


Vince  Luciani  K2V} 
PO  Box  682 

Cologne  N I  0821 J 


Detect  Killer  Tornadoes 

use  an  ordinary  TV  set 


Editor's  Note:  This  article  presents  a  controversial  method  for  detecting  tornadoes,  73  Magazine  urges  you,  the  reader,  to  consider  ALL  prac- 
tical methods  of  storm  detection.  We  endorse  no  particular  procedure  but  do  encourage  experimentation  with  the  Weller  Method  and  other 
promising  ideas.  We  would  like  to  hear  from  any  group  or  Individual  who  has  automated  the  Weller  Method  or  used  it  in  conjunction  with  an 
amateur  radio  network.  For  more  information,  see  Tornado-Wise  by  Vines  Luciani.  Available  from  Cologne  Press,  PO  Box  682P  Cologne  NJ 
08213.  Soft  cover  $3.95  plus  $1.00  shipping  and  handling. 


Grab  the  cat  Ma!  Head 
for    the    cellar!    The 

hloomin'  TV  set  just  went 
bright! 

How  many  readers  could 
apply  a  Sherlock  Holmes 
analysis  to  those  words  and 
come  up  with  the  scenario 
of  a  tornado  watch?  A 
watch  in  which  a  family  has 
been  using  the  "Weller 
Method"  of  detecting  killer 
tornadoes  using  a  home  TV 
set  — and  a  tunnel  has  just 
touched  down! 

Holmes  would  have  had 
a  problem  in  deciding 
whether  the  tornado  detec- 
tor was  the  cat  or  the  TV 
set,  although  the  modern 
detective  would  know  it 
was  the  latter.  Yet  one  day 
there  may  well  be  a  study  of 
the  effect  of  tornado  elec- 
trical radiation  on  cat's  fur, 
for  the  subject,  tornado 
electrical  radiation,  is  quite 
controversial. 

If  you  are  among  the  few 
who  have  heard  of  the  Wel- 
ler Method,  you  may  also 

50     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


be  among  those  who  re- 
member what  it  is  and  — of 
much  more  importance  to 
you,  Ma,  and  the  cat— how 
to  use  it  properly. 

Back  in  1969,  Newton 
Weller  of  West  Des  Moines, 
Iowa,  had  a  garage  packed 
with  over  100  TV  sets  as  he 
worked  on  his  theory  that 
the  electrical  radiation 
from  killer  tornadoes 
leaves  a  "signature"  in  the 
air  for  miles  around,  a  sig- 
nature that  could  be  detect- 
ed on  an  ordinary  home  TV 
set. 

Technically  speaking,  the 
electrical  radiation  from 
tornadoes  peaks  very  near 
to  TV  Channel  2,  and  Weller 
discovered  that  if  you  prop- 
erly adjust  your  TV  set's 
brightness  control,  the  set 
could  then  respond  to  noth- 
ing but  the  tremendous 
electrical  radiation  from 
killer  tornadoes,  (A  descrip- 
tion of  the  Weller  Method  is 
given  with  this  article.  It 
should    be    read    cai 


before  attempting  to  make 
use  of  the  technique.) 

When  Weller  had  <.  hecked 
out  every  TV  set  marketed 
at  the  time  (to  make  sure 
they  would  all  respond 
properly  as  a  tornado  de- 
tector), he  announced  his 
discovery  to  the  press  via  a 
Des  Moines  newspaper 
which  printed  the  story  a 
day  before  tornadoes 
struck  the  area  Weller's 
timing  couldn't  have  been 
better,  though  lowans 
claim  that  the  probabilities 
of  springtime  tornado 
strikes  are  always  uncom- 
fortably high. 

lowans  had  a  chance  to 
check  out  Weller  promptly, 
and  some  did  exactly  that. 
Several  later  wrote  to  thank 
him  for  his  contribution  to 
their  welfare,  explaining 
that  their  TV  sets  had,  in- 
deed, gone  bright  from  tor- 
nado electrical  radiation. 
This  feature  is  the  thrust  of 
the  Weller  Method  — that 
the    electrical    radiation 


from  a  killer  tornado  touch- 
ing down  will  overcome  a 
darkened  screen  and  cause 
it  to  go  as  bright  as  a 
fluorescent  bulb. 

Closer  to  home,  however, 
Weller  commented,  "My 
wife  had  all  kinds  of  com- 
plaints about  those  TV  sets 
in  the  garage,  and  if  that 
strike  hadn't  happened 
when  it  did  I  might  have 
given  up  on  the  whole 
idea/' 

Fortunately,  he  did  not 
give  up.  Not  that  the  weath- 
er service  seems  to  care 
The  National  Weather  Ser- 
vice (NWS)  has  never 
cozied  up  to  the  notion  of  a 
mere  TV  set  "broadcasting" 
tornado  warnings  on  its 
own.  Despite  reports  of  suc- 
cessful results  everywhere, 
Weller  remains  largely  un- 
recognized for  his  work  ex- 
cept in  Tornado  Alley. 

NWS  has  conducted  lim- 
ited testing  on  tornado  elec- 
trical radiation.  One  test, 
for  example,  was  on  a  series 


of  strikes  near  the  National 
Severe  Storms  Laboratory 
at  Norman,  Oklahoma, 
Those  particular  strikes  ap- 
parently had  reflected  little 
electrical  radiation  — as 
happens  with  some  — and 
based  on  those  strikes,  the 
report  issued  later  disputed 
evidence  of  significant 
electrical  radiation. 

Apparently,  several  of 
the  nation's  leading  meteo- 
rologists disagreed  with  the 
report,  as  was  evidenced  in 
counterpoints  (somewhat 
biting)  expressed  to  the 
NWS  There  is,  you  see, 
quite  a  bit  of  controversy 
associated  with  tornadoes, 
and  we  really  know  very  lit- 
tle about  what  causes  them 
and  what  sustains  them 
More  than  cat's  fur  has 
been  rubbed  the  wrong  way 
in  the  argument  over 
whether  killer  tornadoes 
pack  significant  electrical 
radiation. 

While  one  side  says  there 
isn't  any  electrical  radiation 
to  tornadoes,  the  other  side 
asks  about  those  reports 
from  people  who  have  ac- 
tually looked  inside  a  tor- 
nado funnel  and  have  lived 
to  tell  about  it  Such  reports 
have  been  of  constant  light- 
ning, brilliantly-luminous 
clouds,  ''balls  of  fire/'  and 
rotating  bands  of  deep, 
blue  lights  similar  to  those 
of  an  arc  welder,  And,  they 
add,  what  about  the  reports 
of  scorched  vegetation 
along  a  funnel's  path  [later 
seen  quite  clearly  from  the 
air),  and  of  the  strong  smell 
of  ozone  (so  characteristic 
of  strong  electrical  dis- 
charges)? 

In  a  pig's  eye,  some  have 
answered 

Pig's  eye  or  cat's  fur  — 
the  cat's  got  no  one's 
tongue  in  the  forever  hang- 
ing controversy  over  torna- 
do electrical  radiation.  The 
subject  is  quite  electrifying, 
anyway,  yet  one  seldom 
will  read  about  this  feature 
unless  one  subscribes  to 
certain  stuffy  journals  and 
is  willing  to  wade  through 
some  weighty  statements. 
Few  contemporary   writers 


who   are    meteorologically 

founded  will  broach  the 
subject.  Yet,  the  public  has 
a  need  to  know. 

Readers  should  be  able 
to  choose  for  themselves 
Perhaps,  in  a  moment  of 
off-season  nonchalance, 
one  may  be  inclined  to  sti- 
fle a  yawn  over  a  discussion 
of  tornadoes,  but  if  you  are 
in  the  proper  geographical 
area  (as  evidenced  by  hav- 
ing  middle-range  ZIP 
codes),  and  if  it  is  getting  on 
toward  springtime,  you  are 
well  advised  to  properly 
learn  the  Weller  Meth- 
od—its good  points  as  well 
as  bad. 

And  speaking  of  the  bad 
side,  it  is,  indeed,  a  fact  that 
not  all  tornadoes  pack  the 
extent  of  electrical  radia- 
tion that  makes  the  TV 
screen  go  bright,  which  is 
why  certain  sides  contend 
you've  got  holes  in  the  bot- 
tom of  your  salt  shaker  if 
you  even  think  the  Weller 
Method  is  reliable. 

"Of  course  it  won't  work 
with  a  weak  tornado  where 
the  electrical  energy  is  too 
low,"  says  Weller.  "But  that 
weak  tornado  won't  usually 
do  much  more  than  lift  the 
roof  off  a  hog  shed  — and 
even  a  straight  windstorm 
will  do  that.  The  TV  set 
does  work  on  killer  torna- 
does, and  they're  the  ones 
that  count!" 

Weller  associate  Paul  J, 
Waite  (Iowa  State  climatol- 
ogist)  has  this  to  offer;  "Un- 
til we  have  the  perfect  warn- 
ing system,  we  should  not 
neglect  any  opportunities 
to  provide  our  populace 
with  the  means  for  self-pro- 
tection from  the  ravaging 
destruction  of  tornadoes/' 
Amen' 

How  close  are  we,  these 
days,  to  perfection  with 
NWS  tornado  detectors? 
Not  very.  Mostly,  the  NWS 
relies  upon  outdated  vac- 
uum-tube-type radars.  Vac- 
uum tubes,  if  you  remem- 
ber; were  the  gadgets  that 
helped  us  advance  our 
learning  until  we  really 
took  off  with  the  discovery 
of    transistors    and    solid- 


THE  WELLER  METHOD 

1.  Tune  your  TV  set  to  Channel  13,  Adjust  its  brightness 
control  to  make  the  screen  nearly  (though  not  entirely)  dark. 

2*  Switch  to  Channel  2,  Do  not  make  any  further  ad- 
justments to  the  set.  The  screen  should  still  be  nearly  dark, 

3.  Sit  and  wait,  ff  the  screen  suddenly  flashes  on  brightly 
and  stays  lit,  move  fast!  That's  the  indication  that  a  killer  tor- 
nado funnel  is  down  anywhere  within  5  to  15  miles  of 
you— perhaps,  quite  near. 

Notes 

•  Be  careful  in  Step  1t  not  to  set  the  brightness  control  too 
low,  or  the  set  may  be  so  desensitized  as  to  not  respond  even 
to  the  tornado's  tremendous  electrical  radiation.  <For 
simplified  understanding,  consider  tornado  electrical  radia- 
tion as  being  equivalent  to  a  radio  transmitter  broadcasting 
on  Channel  2;  the  analogy  is  reasonably  accurate.) 

•  Some  color  sets  cannol  be  made  to  respond  to  the 
brightness  control  adjustment.  Be  sure  to  check  your  set  for 
this  capability, 

•  If  your  color  set  does  not  turn  down  with  the  brightness 
control,  your  best  bet  (always)  would  be  to  use  a  portable 
bkn.:K£!id  white  Wm'I  foi  the-Weiiei  MsthQd  Fhe added  ad- 
vantage of  being  battery  operated  makes  it  useful  when 
power  lines  inevitably  go  down  in  a  tornado  strike. 

•  If  you  are  on  a  cable  TV  system,  disconnect  the  cable  from 
in  back  of  the  set  and  connect  the  built-in  antenna, 

•  A  local  station  on  your  Channel  2  may,  during  a  tornado 
warning,  cause  the  darkened  screen  to  switch  back  and  forth 
a  few  times  from  being  brightly  lit  by  the  tornado  to  the  local 
TV  program  As  the  tornado  approaches,  its  tremendous 
radiation  will  take  over  and  cause  the  screen  to  stay  bright. 

•  Not  alt  tornadoes  pack  intense  efectncai  radiation.  Con- 
tinue, therefore,  to  monitor  news  broadcasts  either  on  a  sec- 
ond TV  set  or  by  radio. 

•  Practice  the  Weller  Method  when  lightning  fills  the  air. 
Note  how  lightning  affects  your  darkened  screen,  and 
become  familiar  with  how  dark  to  make  the  set.  You  will  ihen 
be  more  sure  of  yourself  when  the  time  comes  that  your 
screen  stays  brightly  lit, 

•  Be  prepared  ahead  of  time— you  and  your  family — on  what 
to  do  if  the  screen  goes  bright.  Know  your  plan  well  enough  to 
avoid  panic  reaction,  Know  what  safety  measures  to  take, 
and  know  them  well  in  advance. 


state  circuitry.  NWS  defi- 
nitely needs  to  replace 
those  old  radars. 

Exactly,  says  the  NWS, 
and  they  have  proposed  a 
$250  million  network  of 
modern  Doppler-type  ra- 
dars, with  a  few  of  which 
they  are  currently  experi- 
menting (Doppler,  by  the 
way,  is  a  physical  principle 
which  involves  motion  de- 
tection; whatever  else  a  tor- 
nado's funnel  can  be  char- 
acterized as,  it  is  certainly  a 
dynamic  picture  of  nature 
in  motion!}  But  a  quarter- 
bil lion-dollar  outlay  in  to- 
day's slash-everything 
economy?  Not  very  likely, 

Even  so,  Dopplers  actual- 
ly add  very  little  improve- 
ment in  the  accuracy  of  tor- 


nado detection.  They  offer, 
instead,  a  significant  in- 
crease in  lead  time  once 
they  do  spot  a  for-real  tor- 
nado. That  is  important- 
Lead  time,  as  they  like  to 
say  in  Tornado  Alley,  car- 
ries a  mite  more  concern  in 
a  tornado  watch  than  does 
lead  time  on  a  rising  covey 
of  quail.  Quite  a  mite  more. 
It  shouldn't  surprise  read- 
ers, then,  to  learn  that  the 
most  effective  tornado  de- 
tector anywhere  is  the 
trained  human  eye.  Which 
is  exactly  the  talent  NWS 
makes  good  use  of  via  con- 
cerned citizens  in  an  organi- 
zation called  "Skywarn/' 
These  are  the  civilian  spot- 
ters throughout  the  country 
who    offer    their    services 

73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     51 


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SOUTHGATE.  MICH.  48196 
PHONE  <313)2B&1782 


(often,  quite  courageously) 
for  your  benefit  and  mine. 

People  from  all  walks  of 
life  have  taken  up  the 
public  service  banner  in 
sLipport  of  Skywarn,  though 
perhaps  no  group  has  done 
so  more  completely,  more 
effectively,  than  that  spe- 
cial class  of  citizens  known 
to  us  as  amateur  (ham) 
radio  operators. 

In  Texas,  for  example, 
nearly  2.000  ham  radio  op- 
erators are  on  call  to  assist 
NWS  when  storm  alerts  are 
sounded.  Most  members 
take  annual  courses  in  tor 
nddo  spotting,  not  only  to 
improve  their  effectiveness 
but  also  to  learn  when  to 
zig  rather  than  zag  as  they 
are  driving  out  there  in  the 
thick  of  things,  spotting  a 
downed  twister  as  it  snakes 
its  deadly  way  across  the 
plains. 

Lone  Star  members  of 
the  hobby  proved  their 
worth  at  Wichita  Falls, 
Texas,    in    1979,    when    a 


series  of  killer  tornadoes 
caused  a  half  billion  dollars 
damage.  NWS  credits  the 
early-warning  communica- 
tions networks  of  radio 
amateurs  with  having  saved 
1,000  to  2,000  lives  there. 
Such  is  the  dedicated  pub- 
lic-service  nature  of  a  hob- 
by which  includes  ditch  dig- 
gers, executives,  and  even  a 
US  senator! 

Through  it  all  and  con- 
tinuing to  survive  the  test  of 
time  (which  is  an  admirable 
bottom-line  characteristic 
to  any  theory)  is  the  con- 
tinuing undercurrent  of  sup- 
port for  the  Welter  Method. 
This  is  from  an  informed 
public,  those  who  like  the 
idea  of  having  a  detector 
for  killer  tornadoes  right 
there  in  the  house. 

Not  that  the  Weller 
Method  works  on  every  fun- 
nel that  comes  puffing  and 
blowing  down  the  field,  but 
when  the  TV  set  does  go 
bright  .  .  "Crab  the  cat  Ma! 
Head  for  the  cellar!"M 


Iowa's  Only  Icom  Dealer 


ICOM 


G&K  Amateur  Supply 

2920  East  9th  St. 

Des  Moines,  Iowa  50316 


7:00 — 5:00  Mon-Fri. 
7:00— 1:00  Sat. 


Leroy  WDOCZO 


V  101 


52     73  Magazine  *  April.  1982 


ANNOUNCING 

A  new  standard  of  comparison  for 


HIGH 


the  all  NEW 


BROADBAND  WITHOUT  COMPROMISE 

For  years  now,  whenever  hams  got  together  and  talked  about  the  performance  of 
arty  triband  antenna,  they  would  invariably  compare  Jt  to  the  famous  Hy-Gain 
TH6DXX  Now.  there  s  a  new  standard  of  comparison— the  NEW  Hy-Gam  TH7DX. 
This  amazing  new  tnbander,  us\nq  a  duaJ  driven  element  system,  maintains  a 
VSWR  of  less  than  2:1  on  all  bands,  including  ALL  of  ten  meters  Hy-Gam  didn  t 
compromise  on  performance  to  achieve  this  efficiency  either  The  TH7DX  utilizes 
a  combination  of  trapped  and  mono  band  parasitic  elements  for  more  efficient 
broadband  performance.  This  unique  combination  produces  an  average  front-to* 
back  ratio  of  22dB  on  20  and  15  meters,  and  17dB  on  10  meters.  The  TH7DX. 
with  tts great  broadband  characteristics,  is  the  ideal  choice  for  "atl  mode"  operation 

HIGHEST  TRIBAND  PERFORMANCE,  BUT 
MANAGEABLE  SIZE. 

The  broadband  TH7DX  has  high  performance  specifications  that  meet  or  exceed 
the  monster  antennas  that  seem  to  take  up  most  of  your  real  estate  and  part  of 
your  neighbors  However,  with  its  short  20  ft  (6.1  m)  turning  radius  and  31  ft. 
f  9  4  m )  I  ong  est  el  e  me  nt .  it  "s  no  more  i  mposi  fig  t  han  a  T  H  6  DXX ,  1 1  's  e  asy  to  ass  em  bl  e 
and  weighs  only  75  lbs  (34  kg).  The  wind  loading  is  240  lbs  (109  kg)  at  80  mph 
1 1 29  kph ;■  with  only  a  9.4  sq  ft  (0.9  sq  mi  wind  surface  area,  so  the  TH7DX  is  one 
of  the  safest  and  most  manageable  high  performance  tri banders  you  can  buy.  And, 
you  den  t  have  to  spend  a  fortune  on  special  towers  and  rotators  either 

MECHANICALLY  SUPERIOR 

In  a  parasitic  array  such  as  the  TH7DX.  high  efficiency  traps  are  used  rather  than 
parallel  stubs  These  Hi-O  traps  are  capabfe  of  handling  the  maximum  legal  power 
with  a  2:1  safety  margin,  and  are  superior  to  parallel  stubbing  for  ease  of  assembly 
and  maintenanceas  weiL  In  fact ,  quality  materials  are  used  throughout  this  antenna 
Includes  18-fi  stainless  steel  hardware  for  all  electrical— and  most  mechanical- 
connections  pi  us  taper  swaged  6063-T832  thick-wall  aluminum  tubing.  The  antenna 
includes  Hy-Gain's  BN-86  balun  and  exclusive  heavy,  die-cast  aluminum,  rugged 
boonHo-mast  damp,  and  heavy-gauge  element-to-boom  brackets 

CONVERT  YOUR  TH6DXX 

Hy-Gain  hasn't  forgotten  about  the  thousands  of  proud  TH6DXX  owners  A  conver- 
sion kit  is  available  which  otters  all  of  the  broadband  advantages  of  the  TH7DX 
and  includes  a  complete  stainless  steel  hardware  package 
Its  easy  to  assemble,  and  when  completed,  you  have  the 
finest  triband  antenna  on  the  market,  the  TH 7 OX 


JBJO  Jl  J»  21  iu  If  11  b  t*  MM  HjH 


Hyt-Qam  •  BN-B6  QaJun  *nd  and  law*  Beti  Match  for 
de  around  (re  included  The  sieinJeu  sled  hfOYwre 
rugged  pheting  lines  end  preformed  feed  straps  permit 
M.15V  aisftmbl*  andcpr>ti|[«m  result 


x  hy-gain 


TELEX  COMMUNICATIONS,  INC. 


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Stephen  Cibson 
PO  Box  38386 
Hollywood  CA  9Q(m 


TVRO  Dish  Selection  Tactics 

Satellite  Central,  part  V 


Picking  the  right  antenna 
for  your  TVRO  can  be 
dangerous!  Too  many  peo- 
ple are  ready  to  tell  you 
that  theirs  is  the  best.  Who 
can  be  trusted? 

For  example,  we  know 
the  press  release  blitz  tout- 
ing the  3-foot  dish  for  spar- 


klie-f ree  pictures  was  just  a 
wild  fantasy  All  the  hoopla 
was  directed  at  the  12-CHz 

direct  broadcast  satellite 
(DBS),  but  somehow  devel- 
oped into  identical  claims 
for  4  GHz!  The  mere  differ- 
ence in  frequency  suggests 
that  this  isn't  possible  at  4 
GHz     So    you    must    arm 


yourself  against  those  that 
would  have  you  believe 
that  the  TVRO  antenna  de* 
partment  runs  on  magic! 

At  the  moment,  the  big- 
gest selling  point  is  gain. 
But  the  three  things  you 
really  should  be  looking  for 
in  a  dish  are  size,  accuracy, 
and  feed  match.  Despite 
what  sales  claims  may  say, 
they  all  carry  about  equal 
weight! 

Formula  Blasts  Wild  Claims 

Here's  an  easy  way  to  rip 
away  the  veil  of  mystery 
concerning  dish  antenna 
gain  versus  size.  Simply  use 
this  formula  the  next  time 
you  see  a  demonstration  or 
see  an  ad  touting  high  an- 
tenna gain,  lust  plug  in  the 
numbers  to  find  the  true 
gain. 

Cain  in  dB  = 

lOiogtFXEXD'), 
where  F  is  the  frequency  in 
GHz  (3-7),  E  is  the  efficiency 

in  percent  and  D  is  the  di- 
ameter in  meters.  You  can 


convert  feet  to  meters  by 
simply  dividing  feet  by  328. 

The  trick  to  using  the  for- 
mula is  knowing  the  effi- 
ciency of  the  antenna, 
While  a  quality  dish  may 
have  55  to  60  percent  effi- 
ciency, the  typical  value  for 
home-brew  may  only  be  50 
percent  owing  to  poor  sur- 
face integrity  and  feed  de- 
sign, as  we  shall  soon  see. 

As  a  practical  matter, 
you  could  stuff  the  formula 
into  a  programmable  cal- 
culator and  take  it  with  you 
when  you  go  dish  shopping, 
Or  you  can  type  the  dish 
gain  program  seen  in  Fig.  1 
into  a  pocket  computer 
such  as  the  Sharp  or  TRS-80, 
It's  only  a  few  lines  of  code 
and  may  very  well  be  worth 
the  effort,  especially  when 
a  salesman  touts  his  10-foot 
dish  as  having  a  whopping 
43  dB  gain!  You  can  simply 
dig  into  your  pocket  and 
produce  a  better  approx- 
imation of  the  true  gain. 

I   saw  an  ad  in  another 


The  antenna  wizard  and  his  sacred  tools  of  alchemy, 

54     73  Magazine  •  Apr! J,  1982 


10  PAUSE  "PARABOLIC  DISH  GAIN"  :  BEEP  1 

20  INPUT  "DIAMETER  (FEET)";  D 

30  INPUT  "EFFICIENCY  %  (55)";  E 

40  INPUT  "FREQUENCY  GHZ  (3.7)";  F 

50  D=D/3.2808  :G  =  10*(LOG<E*(F*F)*(D'D))) 

60  PRINT  "GAIN  =  ";  G 

70  GOTO  10 

Fig.  1.  Calculate  true  dish  antenna  gain  with  this  simple  pro- 
gram for  the  Sharp  or  TRS-80  pocket  computer.  The  prch 
gram  will  run  on  almost  any  other  computer  supporting 
BASIC.  What  self-respecting  computer  doesn't  nowadays? 
Only  line  10  may  need  adjustment.  The  strange  values  in 
parentheses  in  lines  30  and  40  are  suggested  inputs. 


Fig.  2.  Doing  it  with  mirrors  may  tell  you  the  whole  story 
about  dish  accuracy,  Use  a  small  mirror  and  point  the  dish 
at  the  sun.  The  reflected  rays  should  bounce  into  the  feed- 
horn. 


Fig.  3.  A  long  pole  or  length  of  wall  molding  will  reach  any- 
where on  a  dish  and  is  safer.  Tape  the  mirror  to  the  pole  like 
a  hinge  so  it  rests  flat  on  the  dish.  Very  few  inexpensive  dish- 
es will  pass  this  test  When  you  find  one  that  does,  buy  it! 


magazine  recently  that  in- 
deed claimed  43-dB  gain 
from  a  10-foot  dish,  This 
was  beyond  belief!  In  fact,  I 
immediately  tried  to  buy 
one  because  at  4  GHz,  a 
10-foot  dish  would  have 
100%  efficiency  and  I 
wanted  to  be  the  first  to 
own  this  eighth  wonder  of 
the  world!  But  an  excited 
call  to  their  chief  engineer 
revealed  that  he  not  only 
assumed  100%  efficiency, 
but  used  a  feedhorn  known 
to  achieve  just  55%  effi- 
ciency at  best  for  this  dish 
size  and  depth.  He  even  did 
all  his  calculations  at  the 
high  end  of  the  band,  which 
he  was  "  told  to  do  by 
the  sales  manager/' 

This  is  another  trick  you 
might  want  to  watch  out 
for,  If  gain  is  computed  on- 
ly at  the  high  end  of  the 
band  [42  GHz),  you  can 
make    the    numbers    look 


nearly  1  dB  hotter.  Try  it 
yourself.  It's  like  adding 
nearly  2  feet  to  the  dish 
diameter!  This  clever  ruse 
can  give  the  buyer  or  home 
builder  a  mistaken  impres- 
sion of  the  gain  being  the 
same  at  the  low  end  of  the 
band  (3.7  GHz),  which  it 
isn't!  After  all  we  do  want 
to  receive  the  entire  band, 
don't  we?  You  may  think 
this  an  arbitrary  point, 
which  indeed  it  might  be 
until  you  remember  that 
just  one  single  decibel  in  an 
FM  system  like  this  one  can 
make  the  difference  be- 
tween a  clear  picture  and  a 
snowstorm.  Many  manufac- 
turers today  are  calculating 
gain  this  way  and  you 
should  know  about  it, 
Caveat  emptor! 

It's  Not  How  Small 
You  Make  It 

While  it's  possible  to  just 


get  by  threshold  with  only 
an  8-foot  dish  using  a  very 
low  noise  amplifier  on  a  hot 
footprint,  you  will  be  better 
off  using  a  12-foot  or  larger 
dish  for  really  sparklie-free 
pictures  almost  anywhere 
else.  Even  larger  dishes  may 
be  necessary  as  you  move 
off  the  footprint.  Perhaps 
you  recall  from  our  past  dis- 
cussions that  the  LNA  and 
dish  operate  on  a  kind  of 
teeter- totter  where  a  large 
dish  can  allow  a  cheap  LNA 
to  be  used.  Likewise,  similar 
results  are  possible  using  a 
smaller  dish  and  a  higher 
grade  LNA. 

How  small  can  you  go? 
Eight  feet  is  about  the  low 
end  for  wideband  FM  video 
due  to  the  fact  that  the 
beamwidth  and  side-lobe 
response  of  smaller  dishes 
let  more  ambient  terrestrial 
noise  reach  the  feed.  Side- 
lobe  response  is  very  impor- 


tant with  a  TVRO  antenna 
because  the  signal  is  about 
30  dB  or  more  below  the 
noise. 

It  appears  there's  more 
to  a  TVRO  antenna  than 
just  collecting  a  signal.  It 
must  also  be  a  kind  of  rejec- 
tor as  well,  a  shield  to  the 
barrage  of  interference  in 
the  vicinity.  It  might  be 
easier  if  the  noise  were 
man-made,  but  the  music  of 
the  spheres  is  an  annoying 
din,  especially  from  our 
own  particular  sphere,  terra 
firmat  which  demands  we 
use  ideas  bordering  on 
geometric  optics  to  build 
workable  antennas  As  bet- 
ter and  smaller  antennas 
are  designed,  lower  noise 
amplifiers  will  take  up  the 
slack  in  lost  gain  due  to  im- 
proved antenna  shielding 
properties.  But  more  work 
on  this  problem  is  needed. 
The  horn/reflector  is  a  very 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     55 


A 


s 


\ 


/ 


\ 


X 


/ 


IDEAL   FEED 


TYPICAL   FEED 


Fig.  4,  Typical  feedhorns  fall  off  in  sensitivity  near  the  edge 
of  the  dish.  Circular  models  may  capture  as  much  as  1  dB 
more  signal,  1  dB  is  nothing  to  sneer  at  Its  like  switchings 
120-degree  LNA  for  a  more  expensive  80-degree  model! 


good  solution  despite  the 
plain  fact  that  its  large  size 

makes  it  impractical  at  the 
moment. 

How  To  Check 
Dish  Accuracy 

A  really  good  dish  will 
follow  a  parabolic  curve  to 
within  plus  or  minus  1/1 6th 
of  an  inch.  Achieving  this 
accuracy  is  no  easy  feat 
Some  manufacturers  will 
rightly  say  that  such  accu- 
racy won't  improve  the  gain, 
which  is  true  to  some  ex- 
tent. But  the  argument  falls 
down  flatter  than  a  bad  dish 
when  side  lobes  are  con- 
sidered. Side-lobe  response 
is  directly  related  to  surface 
accuracy. 

Why  are  side  lobes  im- 
portant? Remember,  we  are 
trying  to  hear  a  soft  conver- 
sation in  a  room  full  of 
shouting  people.  The  ambi- 
ent noise  floor  at  the  anten- 
na site  may  be  - 1  30  dBW, 
but  the  signal  we  want  is  a 
lowly  -160  dBW  or 
worse.  Only  a  narrow  beam- 
width  dish  with  very  low 
side  lobes  will  receive  it 
while  rejecting  the  noise. 

Now  in  the  past  the  only 
way  to  test  a  dish  was  to  put 
it  on  a  test  range,  feed  it  sig- 
nals from  a  known  micro- 
wave source,  and  plot  a  re- 
ception pattern.  Then  a  few 
clever  engineers  worked 
out  a  method  of  antenna 
pattern  plotting  using  noise 
from  the  sun.  It  works  rath- 
er well  but  requires  some 
test  gear.  A  less  accurate 
but  easy  way  is  to  build  a 
mating   template   that  fol- 

56     73  Magazine  *  April,  1982 


lows  the  ideal  dish  curve, 
place  it  in  the  dish,  and 
hope  it  fits  like  a  glove. 

Doing  It  With  Mirrors 

But  hauling  a  large  tem- 
plate to  a  dealer  or  satellite 
show  is  not  too  practical, 
There  must  be  a  better  way. 
AndP  of  course,  there  al- 
ways is,  but  long  after 
you've  completed  the  job, 
according  to  Murphy's  taw. 
Here's  an  easy  trick  I  use  to 
spot-check  a  dish.  It's  a  real 
trial  by  fire.  Simply  place  a 
small  mirror  anywhere  on 
the  reflector  surface  as 
seen  in  Fig.  2  Then  point 
the  dish  at  the  sun  and  look 
where  the  reflected  rays  go. 
They  should  bounce  right 
into  the  feedhorn! 

If  you  imagine,  for  a  mo- 
ment, the  sun  as  just 
another  satellite,  then  the 
sun's  rays  should  always  hit 
the  feed  or  else  that  partic- 
ular portion  of  the  dish  isn't 
accurate.  Try  several  spots 
on  the  dish.  If  the  sun's  rays 
don't  make  it,  neither  will 
microwaves!  Right? 

There  are  a  few  caveats 
to  doing  this  test.  First  use 
a  small  mirror.  Less  than  3 
inches  (one  wavelength)  is 
necessary.  A  larger  mirror 
will  only  make  things  look 
worse.  Second,  crawling  on 
a  mounted  dish  isn't  too 
safe  no  matter  what  lat- 
itude you're  at.  So  the  best 
method  is  to  tape  the  mirror 
to  a  long  pole  or  piece  of 
wall  molding  as  seen  in  Fig. 
3  and  move  it  around  the 
surface.  Third,  wear  dark 
glasses.    You'll   be   looking 


almost  directly  at  the  sun. 
And  fourth,  don't  be  afraid 
of  frying  the  LNA  with  this 
test.  A  flat  mirror  doesn't 
magnify  So  a  moment's 
reflection  (despite  the  pun) 
will  remind  you  that  you 
are  not  increasing  the  LNA 
temperature  more  than  you 
would  if  you  simply  pointed 
the  bare  LNA  at  the  sun! 

Feeds  Are  the  Culprits 

Perhaps  you  recall  from 
last  month's  discussion  that 
feeds  limit  antenna  effi- 
ciency to  the  50%  to  60% 
range  because  their  sen- 
sitivity pattern  cannot  ade- 
quately cover  a  dish.  See 
Fig.  4.  The  ideal  feed  pat- 
tern would  be  flat  as  a  pan- 
cake across  the  top  and 
drop  to  zero  at  the  sides, 
But  that's  not  all.  The  manu- 
facturer of  this  fabled  horn 
would  need  several  models, 
one  for  each  size  dish, 
because  any  overshoot  by 
the  horn  would  add  a  con- 
siderable amount  of  ter- 
restrial noise  to  the  signal 
and  breed  the  dreaded 
"sparklies"  faster  than  rab 
bits. 

Back  now  to  the  real 
world.  A  lot  of  work  was 
done  on  feedhorns  in  the 
'60s,  mostly  by  radio  astron- 
omers. Their  ideal  feed 
overshoot  occurs  when  the 
edges  of  the  dish  are  illumi- 
nated at  a  level  which  is 
—  15  to  —  20  dB  down  from 
the  center.  As  a  practical 
matter,  TVRO  designers  use 
the  -10-dB  point  on  the 
curve  At  the  moment,  sev- 
eral manufacturers  offer 
nearly  identical  feeds  that 
cover  a  narrow  range  of 
dish  sizes  and  F/D  ratios. 
Depending  on  dish  size,  a 
typical  horn  will  operate 
over  an  F/D  range  of  ,3  to  .5 
with  moderate  efficiency. 
F/D  is  simply  dish  focal 
length  divided  by  the  diam- 
eter. Some  companies  will 
design  a  feedhorn  for  your 
specific  dish.  All  that  varies 
is  the  flare  angle  of  the 
horn,  which  directly  affects 
the  angle  of  the  illumina- 
tion pattern* 


Watch  For  Sleight  Of  Hand 

If  you  see  a  demonstra- 
tion where  a  small  dish  is 
used  and  the  pictures  look 
finet  stop  and  ask  yourself  if 
the  salesman  is  showing 
you  only  the  best  transpon- 
ders. Test  your  suspicions 
by  asking  if  you  can  do  the 
tuning.  Then  try  all  the 
transponders,  RCA  birds 
(Satcom)  have  24  transpon- 
ders, while  Western  Union 
birds  (Westar)  have  only  1 2, 
Not  all  transponders  lay  the 
same  footprint  levels  in  a 
given  area,  so  you  must 
test  In  many  cases,  you 
may  find  the  test  being  con- 
ducted on  a  bird  which  may 
have  a  hot  footprint  in  your 
area,  Ask  to  see  what  all  the 
transponders  look  like  on 
other  birds.  It  may  be  wise 
to  have  a  log  of  what  is 
available.  A  complete  list 
of  program  sources  and 
times  on  alt  the  satellites  is 
available  from  Satellite  TV 
Week,  PO  Box  308,  Fort  una 
CA  95540,  (707>725-2476. 
Cost  is  $48/year  or  $65/year, 
first  class. 

You  may  discover  when 
you  have  free  reins  on  the 
tuning  knob  that  many 
transponders  are  buried  in 
the  sparklies,  Throw  the 
salesman  off  guard  by  ask- 
ing why!  The  answers  you 
get  may  cause  you  to  recon- 
sider a  purchase.  Be  pre- 
pared for  the  interference 
argument.  It  may  be  valid. 
Quite  often  you  may  dis- 
cover that  satellite  TV  in 
your  area  will  be  plagued 
with  interference  from  Ma 
BelL  At  this  point,  you  must 
be  on  special  guard  be- 
cause location  of  the  dish 
becomes  very  important. 
While  your  house  can  make 
a  dandy  shield  to  a  direct 
signal,  you  must  also  nar- 
row your  search  to  a  very 
high  integrity  dish  so  the 
side-lobe  levels  are  at  their 
lowest  This  problem  may 
cause  you  to  re-think  your 
location,  A  large  rf  fence  is 
an  eyesore  even  to  the  most 
understanding  wife. 

Of  course  you  can  stifle 
the    interference   to   some 


degree  with  notch  filters  in 
the  receiver  i-f.  As  a  rule, 
Ma  Bell  carriers  are  located 
plus  and  minus  10  MHz 
from  the  center  of  a  typical 
transponder.  If  you  install 
notch  filters  at  60  and  80 
MHz  in  a  typical  70-MHz  i-f 
amplifier,  the  interference 
will  be  drastically  reduced 
and  may  turn  an  otherwise 
unwatchable  picture  into 
something  that  can  be 
viewed,  though  not  fully  ap- 
preciated as  studio  quality, 
mainly  because  notch  fil- 
ters remove  some  of  the 
signal  you  want  to  receive! 

Magic  Without  Mirrors 

Antennas  for  TVROs  are 
no  more  different  than  for 
any  other  service  when  it 
comes  to  the  rock-solid 
basics.  But  you  must  be  on 
the  lookout  for  magical 
claims  because  this  field  is 
new  to  the  entrepreneur 
types  who  sell  only  the  siz- 
zle. There  is  a  tendency 
among  many  (including  my- 


self) to  buy  a  product 
because  the  advertising  is 
slick  or  the  numbers  in  the 
ad  fit  your  calculations  and 
pocketbook 

The  problem  is  "new- 
ness" If  you  see  everyone 
getting  fantastic  pictures 
with  an  Acme  Whizbang 
Launcher,  then  it  must  be 
pretty  good.  But  very  few 
people  even  know  what  a 
TVRO  is,  let  alone  a  Whiz- 
bang whatever.  So  it's  up  to 
you  to  break  the  new 
ground,  to  make  the  mis- 
takes. .  .and  claim  the  vic- 
tories. Just  be  careful  and 
remember  that  a  wise  man 
always  looks  before  he 
leaps. 

The  time  is  right  for  you 
to  join  in  the  fun  of  receiv- 
ing TV  from  space.  If  you 
have  a  question  regarding 
the  topics  we  cover  here, 
feel  free  to  drop  me  a  line 
(letters  only,  no  calls 
please),  Sorry,  I  can  only 
answer  mail  that  is  accom- 
panied by  an  SASE.B 


Quantity  discount  price  structures  available  upon 
request  for  dealers.  Dealerships,  both  domestic 
and  foreign  available  in  many  areas.  For  further 
information,  please  contact  John  Michaels,  Sales 
Manager  Telephone  hours:  Monday  thru  Thurs- 
day, 10-4. 


ELECTRONICS       ^7 

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73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     57 


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58     73 Magazine  ■  April,  1962 


Universal  Communications 

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73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     59 


Taylor  Howard: 
TVRO  Trailblazer 


Tim  Daniel  N8RK 
73  Magazine  Staff 


Taylor    Howard    W6HD 
I     has  been  called  many 

different  names    He  didn't 


mind  when  the  Australian 
government  nicknamed  him 
the  "Crazy  Professor/'  but 
when  opponents  of  the 
home-TVRO  industry  la- 
beled Howard  as  a  'pirate/' 
he  got  mad.  "There  are  pi- 
rates out  there."  Tay  How- 
ard  freely  admits,  "but  why 


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should  I  be  prohibited  from 
receiving  signals  that  I  can't 
get  any  other  way?" 

For  Dr.  Taylor  Howard, 
the  future  of  satellite  TV  is 
a  very  serious  business 
Ever  since  he  built  the 
world's  first  private  Earth 
station,  VV6HD  has  been  in 
the  forefront  of  the  battle 
to  legitimize  the  infant 
home-satellite-TV  industry 
The  debate  centers  on  the 
availability  of  services. 
Howard  just  wants  access 
to  the  same  entertainment 
and  information  that  cable 
TV  customers  can  get, 

"I  don't  want  to  be  a  sec- 
ond-class citizen  just  be- 
cause I  don't  live  in  a  condo 
in  New  York"  is  his  argu- 
ment Without  missing  a 
beat  he  goes  on  to  acknowl- 
edge the  need  for  Earth- 
station  owners  to  pay  a  fair 
price  for  these  services. 

Tay  Howard  brings  a 
unique  viewpoint  to  the  up- 
start TVRO  field.  His  heart 
really  lies  in  the  workshop 
or  laboratory,  not  in  a  con- 
gressional hearing  room  or 
courthouse  Howard,  along 
\Mth  another  ham.  Robert 
Coleman,  built  the  first  sat- 
ellite receivers  that  the  av- 
erage hobbyist  could  dupli- 
cate. The  original  Coleman- 
Howard  design  is  at  the  root 
of  most  of  the  commercial 
receivers  sold  today.  Other 
W6HD  innovations  include 


specialized  TVRO  test  gear 
and  a  low-cost  method  of 
changing  the  polarity  of 
a  feed. 

Today,  Dr  Howard  de- 
votes most  of  his  time  to 
serving  the  TVRO  industry 
as  a  spokesman  and  con- 
sultant, but  he  remains  on 
the  faculty  at  Stanford  Uni- 
versity where  he  contrib- 
utes to  NASA's  deep-space 
exploration  program.  A  ma- 
jor chunk  of  his  time  has 
been  spent  as  member  and 
the  first  President  of  SPACE 
(Society  for  Private  and 
Commercial  Earth  Termi- 
nals), which  represents  t! 
terminal  owners  and  manu- 
facturers 

The  nickname  "Crazy 
Professor"  was  given  to 
W6HD  when  he  proposed  a 
satellite  reception  scheme 
for  Australia's  outback 
Government  officials  said  it 
couldn't  be  done  — that  the 
signals  just  weren't  strong 
enough.  Howard  chose  to 
ignore  the  doomsayers. 
After  building  a  big  sphere 
cal  antenna,  he  attached  a 
receiver  and  then  sat  back 
to  watch  TV.  The  aborig- 
ines, the  government,  and 
even  some  of  Howard's 
backers  were  amazed 
There  wasn't  any  magic  in- 
volved; Howard  knew  that 
the  theory  permitted  suc- 
cess, but  only  if  someone 
took  the  time  to  try. 


60     73Magazine  *  April,  1982 


In  his  quiet,  yet  confi- 
dent manner,  Taylor  How- 
ard offered  the  following 
thoughts; 

•  12-GHz  Direct  Broadcast 
Satellites:  Aren't  the  4-CHz 

satellites  already  direct 
broadcast?  Technically,  12 
GHz  is  not  that  far  away. 
The  problems  are  legal. 
Even  the  Europeans  are 
having  trouble.  There  is  no 
way  to  limit  the  pattern  of  a 
satellite's  signal  to  a  coun- 
try's geographical  borders. 
The  threat  of  cultural  im- 
perialism must  be  solved 
before  the  world  is  ready. 

•  Impact  of  Video:  Satel- 
lite TV  can  have  a  positive 
effect  on  people's  lives.  It 
brings  them  into  the  main- 
stream of  life  regardless  of 
where  they  live.  Modern 
kids  are  pretty  good  about 
television.  They  know  the 
difference  between  good 
and  bad. 

•  Microwave  Technology: 
Signal  processing  has  been 
the  downfall  of  the  micro- 


wave industry  We  need  to 
learn  how  to  integrate  the 
entire  system  into  one 
package.  This  would  help 
reduce  the  expense  for  up- 
linking  to  satellites. 

•  Opportunities:  Hams  are  a 
natural  for  getting  involved 
in  the  satellite-TV  field.  We 
are  totally  short  of  compe- 
tent people  There  could  be 
employment  for  every  ham 
in  the  country.  You  need 
both  digital  and  rf  knowl- 
edge and  the  ability  to  com- 
bine the  two.  An  under- 
standing of  transmission- 
line    theory    is    important. 

•  Appliance  Operators: 
There  are  lots  of  hams  who 
are  yakkers;  you  might  say 
that  they  have  a  PhD  in  CB 

But  that  is  okay;  we  need 
people  like  that,  I've  always 
been  technically  inclined 
and  will  protect  the  individ- 
ual experimenter. 

You  won't  find  Tay 
Howard  with  a  patch  over 
his  eye,  stalking  the  deck  of 
a  galleon.  Look  for  him  in 
the  Australian  wilderness,  a 


Taylor  Howard  W6HD. 


college  laboratory,  or  in  his 
dish-filled  backyard.  He 
won't  be  searching  for  buried 
treasure  Instead,  he  may 
be  gazing  skyward.  Taylor 


Howard  is  a  pioneer,  not  a 
pirate,  and  for  him,  satellite 
television  is  going  to  be 
"big,  very  bigr  we  haven't 
seen  anything  yet!"B 


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See  Ltst  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     61 


TVRO  Q  &  A 

advice  from  WB0POP  — part  II 


Ken  Rae  W&QPOP 
737  South  Ctarkson 
Denver  CO  &0209 


I  found  a  great  deal  for  a 
surplus  antenna.  The  only 
problem  is  that  it's  bent  Can 
it  be  straightened? 

Dents  in  a  metal  dish 
usually  can  be  pushed  out 
with  a  piece  of  wood.  If  the 
dish  is  warped  from  rim  to 
rim,  the  antenna  is  probably 


Fig.  1,  A  wooden  template 
can  be  used  to  check  the  ac- 
curacy  of  an  antenna 
surface. 

62     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


hopeless  unless  you  remold 
the  entire  surface  If  the 
cure  is  not  simple,  then 
start  looking  for  another 
antenna. 

How  can  /  measure  the  ac- 
curacy of  a  dish? 

The  first  step  is  to  find 
the  focal  point  and  diam- 
eter. Next,  using  the  appro- 
priate equation,  draw  an  ac- 
curate representation  of 
the  parabolic  curve  on  a 
large  piece  of  paper.  This 


Fig.  2.  Two  pieces  of  string 
stretched  at  right  angles 
should  just  touch  the  mid- 
dle if  the  rim  of  the  dish 
is  true. 


paper  model  can  be  used  to 
make  a  wooden  template 
that  can  be  lined  up  against 
the  dish  to  check  its  accu- 
racy—  see  Fig.  1.  (The  most 
useful  type  of  template  has 
two  of  these  "half  moons/' 
mounted  at  right  angles.) 
You  can  check  the  rim  by 
laying  the  dish  face  down, 
on  a  flat  surface  like  a  level 
concrete  floor.  A  quick 
field  test  can  be  made  by 
stretching  two  strings 
across  the  dish  at  right 
angles  (see  Fig.  2).  A  de- 
flection or  gap  between  the 
two  strings  indicates  that 
part  of  the  rim  is  bent  or 
warped.  If  the  rim  is  true, 
the  two  strings  should  just 
touch  in  the  middle, 

A  friend  of  mine  is  thinking 
about  buying  an  oval- 
shaped  dish.  The  price  is 
right,  but  will  it  work? 

Unfortunately,  an  oval- 
shaped  antenna  would  be 
next  to  useless,  no  matter 
what  the  price.  The  bore 
sight    of    an    oval    dish    is 


not  circular,  so  you  will 
receive  a  mixture  of  hor- 
izontally- and  vertically- 
polarized  signals.  This  is 
unacceptable  for  conven- 
tional TVRO  work. 

What  are  my  chances  of 
finding  an  appropriate 
surplus  dish? 

You  might  be  better  off 
searching  for  a  bikini-clad 
beachcomber  in  Denver 
during  the  dead  of  winter. 
The  tremendous  interest  in 
TVRO  has  made  surplus  an- 
tennas a  scarce  commod- 
ity. There  are  a  few  hiding  in 
corners  of  junk  yards  wait- 
ing to  be  scrapped.  Others 
are  being  retired  from  com- 
mercial service.  In  any  case, 
youll  have  to  do  a  lot  of 
looking  and  have  the  right 
contacts, 

/  can't  find  a  surplus  anten- 
na, nor  can  I  afford  to  buy  a 
new  dish.  What  is  my  next 
option  ? 

You  can  build  your  own 
antenna*  The  spherical  de- 


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73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     63 


sign  is  probably  a  little  bit 
cheaper  and  easier  to  dupli- 
cate than  a  parabolic,  but  it 
is  also  less  versatile,  ff  you 
are  good  at  scrounging  ma- 
terials, you  can  build  either 
a  parabolic  or  spherical 
antenna  for  $100  to  $400. 
However,  don't  underesti 
mate  the  amount  of  work 
involved. 

What  about  building  a 
stressed  dish? 

Amateurs  have  been  ex- 
perimenting with  this  type 
of  parabolic  antenna  tor 
many  years.  Unfortunately, 
most  stressed-type  designs 
are  not  intended  for  contin- 
uous exposure  to  the  ele- 
ments For  best  results,  a 
stressed  antenna  must  be 
guyed  in  position,  eliminat- 
ing the  ability  to  change 
satellites  easily. 

Is  there  a  simple  way  to  spot 
potential  obstructions  be- 
tween my  antenna  and  the 
satellites? 

Go  to  your  tentative  site 
and  look  due  south.  Raise 
your  arm  to  about  45  de- 
grees from  horizontal. 
Sweep  your  arm  across  the 
sky,  dropping  it  down  as 
you  move  to  the  east  or 
west.  If  you  live  in  the  cen- 
tral United  States,  this  will 
give  you  a  rough  idea  of  the 
satellites'  location  If  there 
are  trees,  buildings,  or  other 
obstructions  that  look  risky, 
take  the  time  to  run  a  seri- 
ous check  on  the  site. 

What  is  the  maximum  dis- 
tance I  can  have  between 
my  TV  set  and  the  satellite 
antenna? 

If  you  are  using  a  single- 
conversion  receiver  where 
the  downconverter  is  locat- 
ed at  the  antenna  and  a 
70-MHz  signal  is  sent  to  the 
house,  there  can  be  as 
much  as  a  100-foot  run  of 
RG-8/U  coaxial  cable  (or 
perhaps  a  good  grade  of 
RG-58)  without  losing  a  nch 
ticeable  amount  of  the  sig- 
nal due  to  cable  loss.  If 
your  system  requires  that 
you  relay  a  4-GHz  signal,  it 

64     73  Magazine  •  Apr!  U  982 


will  be  necessary  to  run 
hardline  or  heliax  cable, 
which  costs  as  much  as  $4 
per  foot,  or  about  ten  times 
the  cost  of  RC-8/U.  If  you 
do  use  a  good  grade  of 
hardline,  it  can  usually  be 
80  to  100  feet  long  before 
the  losses  catch  up  and  de- 
grade the  picture.  Line  am- 
plifiers can  be  added  to  in- 
crease this  distance,  but  the 
cost  may  be  prohibitive. 

My  neighbor  is  considering 
installing  her  own  TVRO, 
Could  that  interfere  with  mv 
system? 

Just  as  hams  living  next 
to  each  other  sometimes 
have  interference  prob- 
lems, so  can  adjacent 
TVRO  systems.  The  difficul- 
ty usually  stems  from  local 
oscillator  (LO)  leakage.  This 
unit  typically  has  10  milli- 
watts of  output,  and  if  it  is 
not  well  shielded,  a  signal 
will  be  radiated  If  your 
neighbor  wants  to  receive  a 
signal  on  the  same  frequen- 
cy that  your  LO  is  operating 
on,  there  could  be  a  prob- 
lem Dual-conversion  re- 
ceivers or  welt-shielded  sin- 
gle-conversion designs  go  a 
long  way  towards  reducing 
the  interference. 

What  is  an  Az-El  mount? 

This  type  of  mount  al- 
lows you  to  move  a  dish 
vertically  [El]  and  horizon- 
tally (Az)  In  my  opinion, 
this  is  the  hard  way  to  do 
things  unless  you  are  chas- 
ing satellites  that  move,  like 
Russia's  Molniya  birds  If 
you'll  be  watching  only  the 
geosynchronous  satellites, 
a  polar  mount  is  probably 
more  useful. 

QK,  what's  a  polar  mount? 
The  polar  mount  allows 
you  to  rotate  the  dish  from 
east  to  west  or  vice  versa 
and  keep  the  axis  of  the 
dish  in  line  with  the  axis  of 
the  Earth  You  can  align  the 
axis  for  a  polar  mount  by 
using  the  North  Star  as  a 
guide.  When  you  sweep 
your  dish  across  the  sky,  it 
will    not   be    necessary   to 


make  any  significant  ad- 
justments in  the  elevation  if 
you  have  a  polar  mount 

What  is  a  "free"  mount? 

There  is  no  strict  defini- 
tion for  a  tree  mount  All 
you  do  is  prop  your  dish 
against  a  handy  tree,  the 
side  of  a  building,  or  any- 
thing else  that  is  conveni- 
ent. This  kind  of  mount  is 
useful  if  you  are  in  too 
much  of  a  hurry  to  build  a 
polar  or  Az-El  mount 

How  do  I  center  the  feed- 
horn  on  a  dish? 

To  place  the  feedhorn  at 
the  focal  point  requires 
measurement  from  the  cen- 
ter of  the  feedhorn's  mouth 
to  the  edge  of  the  dish.  This 
distance  should  be  the 
same  to  all  points  on  the 
edge. 

When  l  was  positioning  rny 
feedhorn,  I  found  a  better 
signal  when  the  horn  was 
slightly  off  center  Why? 

If  your  signal  improves 
when  the  horn  is  not  cen- 
tered, there  may  be  two  cul- 
prits; The  dish  is  not 
pointed  directly  at  the 
chosen  satellite  or  the  an- 
tenna's surface  is  warped, 
causing  the  actual  focal 
point  to  differ  from  the 
theoretical  focus,  A  distort- 
ed dish  may  have  one  or 
more  false  "hot"  spots.  On 
a  well-built  dish  that  is 
pointed  directly  at  the 
satellite,  your  best  signal 
will  be  found  when  the 
feedhorn's  mouth  is  at  the 
calculated  focal  point. 

I  have  a  good  dish  and  I 
know  it  is  pointed  right;  I 
still  get  two  hot  spots,  one  at 
the  edge  of  the  feedhorn 
mouth,  the  other  just  inside 
the  horn.  What  gives? 

When  you  move  the  horn 
back  and  forth  through  the 
focal  point,  there  will  be 
two  distinct  "hot"  spots. 
The  wave  pattern  has  an 
hourglass  shape  since  the 
impedance  seen  by  the  ar- 
riving signal  changes  ac- 
cording to  the  distance.  The 


hot  spot  that  is  closest  to 
the  dish  is  the  most  effi- 
cient because  it  offers  a 
narrow  bore  sight.  This 
means  that  the  focal  point 
will  lie  about  Vi  to  Vi  inch 
inside  the  horn. 

When  placing  the  horn, 
which  fs  more  critical,  mov- 
ing the  mouth  from  side  to 
side  or  moving  it  towards 
and  away  from  the  dish? 

A  two-inch  shift  to  one 
side  can  result  in  as  much 
as  a  3-dB  drop  in  signal 
level  while  a  two-inch 
movement  in  or  out  will  re- 
sult in  a  1-1.5-dB  loss  Con- 
centrate on  lining  up  the 
side-to-side  dimension. 

As  /  sweep  my  dish  across 
the  sky,  there  is  a  slight  '7m- 
age"  Signal  about  four  de- 
grees on  either  side  of  the 
bore  sight  position  for  a  par- 
ticular satellite.  What  is 
this? 

I  discovered  the  same 
thing  when  I  was  installing  a 
new  antenna  First  I  thought 
it  was  a  new  satellite  After 
disproving  that  theory,  I 
spent  many  hours  carefully 
refocusing  my  antenna  Fi- 
nally, after  a  lot  of  reading, 
I  discovered  that  any  para- 
bolic antenna  that  is  not 
perfect  will  exhibit  side 
lobes  These  will  allow  you 
to  receive  signals  that  are 
much  weaker  than  those 
you  find  with  the  major 
lobe  pointed  at  the  satel- 
lite. The  better  the  dish,  the 
less  prominent  the  side 
lobes. 

Why  do  I  receive  vertical 
transponders  better  than 
horizontal  transponders  on 
the  same  satellite? 

On  Satcom  F1,  the  verti- 
cal transponders  were 
slightly  stronger  than  the 
horizontal  ones,  but  the 
one-half-dB  difference  was 
not  enough  for  most  hobby- 
ists to  notice.  If  you  have  a 
noticeable  difference  be- 
tween the  two  polarities,  it 
may  be  the  result  of  inac- 
curacies in  the  antenna's 
surf  ace  J 


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73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     65 


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73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     67 


Timothy  Edwards 

<lo  Ambti  International 

200  North  Service  Road 

Brentwood,  fssex  CM 14  -JSC 

England 


VHF  Converter 

easy  to  build,  yet  state  of  the  art 


Editor's  Note:  This  state-of-the-art  VHF  converter  design  is  reprinted  from  the  British  publication  Radio  and  Electronics  World.  A  complete 
parts  kit  is  available  from  RadioKit.  Box  41 1,  Greenville  NH  03048,  The  special  TOKO  coils  are  available  from  Ambit  International,  200  North 
Service  Road,  Brentwood,  Essex  CM  14  4SG,  England. 


Despite  the  plethora  of 
ready-made    equip- 
ment for  the  2-meter  (144- 


148  MHz)  amateur  commu- 
nication band,  most  radio 
enthusiasts    like   to   try   to 


salve  their  consciences  as 
participants  in  the  once  ex- 
clusively "practical"  art  of 


Photo  A.  The  finished  unit  with  cable, 
68     73  Magazine  *  April,  1982 


amateur  radio  by  making  at 
least  one  or  two  items  of 
equipment  that  can  justifi- 
ably be  described  as  home 
grown  " 

Most  of  the  commercial 
transceivers  for  the  VHF 
bands  are  primarily  FM  sys- 
tems for  simply  "nattering/' 
«ind  some  of  the  hobby's 
traditionalists  might  sug- 
gest that  the  use  of  2m 
NBFM  bears  more  than  a 
passing  resemblance  to  the 
principles  behind  CB  radio 
—  but  that's  an  entirely 
more  contentious  sub- 
ject 

The  exclusive  use  of 
NBFM  tends  to  overlook 
the  more  interesting  as- 
pects of  CVV  and  SSB  com- 
munications (Morse  code 
and  single  sideband  to  the 
uninitiated)  But  since  most 
enthusiasts  have  an  HF 
communications  receiver 
(or  two)  at  their  disposal  it 
is  an  easy  enough  task  to 


Specifications 

Noise  figure 

less  than  2  dB 

Gain 

28  dB  nominal 

3-dB  bandwidth 

144*146  MHz 

l-f  output 

28-30  MHz 

1-dB  compression 

+  5-dB  output 

Saturated  output 

+  7dBm 

Supply  voitage 

8-16  V 

Supply  current 

15  mA  nominal 

irvout  impedance 

50  Ohms 

Size 

70  x  60  x  20  mm 

make  a  thoroughly  profes- 
sional converter  for  144-1 46 
MHz,  with  an  i-f  output  to 
be  tuned  on  the  28-30-MHz 
section  of  the  HF  receiver. 
The  radio  enthusiast  may 
thus  fulfill  the  repressed 
constructional  instinct,  as 
well  as  be  able  to  have  a  se- 
rious look  at  the  CW  and 
SSB  aspects  of  the  2-meter 
band  before  launching  in- 
to a  few  hundred  dol- 
lars worth  of  oriental 
temptation. 

The  converter  is  basically 
a  linear  device  within  the 
expected  range  of  input 
signal  levels,  so  any  mode 
(AM,  FM  and  SSB)  can  be 
converted  to  the  required 
HF  output  Some  HF  receiv- 
ers are  available  with 
NBFM  demodulators,  but 
to  do  the  job  properly,  the 
correct  bandwidth  i-f  filter 
needs  to  be  used  with  a  pur- 
pose-made NBFM  if  sys- 
tem In  the  absence  of  this 
facility,  slope  detection  of 
NBFM  is  better  than  noth- 
ing. (Slope  detection  relies 
on  the  i-f  filter  passband 
edge  to  translate  the  fre- 
quency modulation  infor- 
mation into  an  amplitude 
variation  for  detection  as 
simple  AM) 

Judging  by  the  numbers 
of  "nearly  new"  SSB  trans- 
ceivers advertised  for  sale, 
it  is  no  doubt  better  to  in- 
vestigate your  long-term  in- 
terest in  this  aspect  of  com- 
munication without  first 
contributing  to  the  wrong 
side  of  the  balance  of 
payments.  This  converter 
provides  reception  of  re- 
peaters, NBFM  simplex,  and 
demanding  long-range 
communications  using  CW 
or  SSB 


The  2-Meter  Converter 

This  converter  was  origi- 
nally designed  to  comple- 
ment the  RX80  receiver 
described  in  the  British 
magazine  Radio  Communi- 
cation, although  it  will  obvi- 
ously operate  with  such 
receivers  as  the  FRG-7r 
R10Q0,  DX16G,  etc.  It  has 
been  designed  with  the  lat- 
est state-of-the-art  compo- 
nents, notably  the  NEC 
3SK88  MOSFET  which  has 
been  chosen  for  its  repeat- 
ably  low  noise  figure  and 
low  cost.  The  TOKO  CBT 
series  helical  filter  provides 
an  outstanding  bandpass 
and  stopband  response,  but 
most  significantly  of  all 
from  the  point  of  view  of 
those  of  you  wishing  to 
duplicate  this  converter,  it 
is  supplied  prealigned  and 
requires  virtually  no  trim- 
ming to  optimize  align- 
ment. 


Photo  B.  An  exploded  view  of  the  2-pole  version  of  the 

helical  filter. 


Although  a  VHF  convert- 
er usually  requires  consid- 
erable expertise  and  re- 
course to  a  selection  of 
signal  generators  and  other 
analytical  equipment,  the 
converter  can  be  built  by 
anyone  with  kit  building  ex- 
perience and  a  multimeter. 

Circuit  Description 

Fig.  1  shows  the  com- 
plete circuit  diagram  C1g 
C2,  and  LI  provide  the  op- 
timum noise  match  be- 
tween the  50-Ohm  antenna 
input  and  the  rf  amplifi- 
er—this is  a  carefully  de- 
rived    selection   of   values, 


and  not  simply  a  haphazard 
choice  from  the  junk  box. 
Gate  2  of  Q1  is  biased  at  5  V 
(externally  derived  — i.e., 
from  the  main  receiver  or 
tuneable  i-f— negative-go^ 
ing  age  may  be  applied  at 
this  point  by  those  with  ade- 
quate confidence  and  expe- 
rience), The  source  of  the  rf 
amplifier,  Q1,  is  then  taken 
directly  to  ground  to  ensure 
minimum  impedance. 

The  drain  of  Q1  is  taken 
to  the  supply  through  R3, 
which  provides  the  correct 
terminating  impedance  to 
the    helical    resonator,    L2, 


RF  iHPUt 
<l44-l46MHi) 


5)  IF  OUTPUT 

(2fl-30fclHi! 


PiN 
CONNECTIONS 


Fig,  1.  Circuit  diagram. 


73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     69 


Photo  C.  The  spectrum  of  the  LO  multiplier  output  (TO  dB 
per  vertical  division,  20  MHz  per  horizontal  division). 


which  has  an  input  and  out- 
put impedance  of  approxi- 
mately 450  Ohms.  The  out- 
put of  L2  is  connected 
straight  to  the  gate  of  the 
mixer,  Q2,  R5  providing  the 
necessary  extra  load  in  par- 
allel with  gate  1  of  Q2  for  a 
correct  45frOhm  matching 
load 

The  appearance  in  the 
market  of  low-cost  helical 
filter  blocks  (Photo  B)  will 
probably  change  the  ap- 
proach to  VHF  designs, 
since  yet  another  circuit 
variable  has  now  been  sub- 
stituted  by  a  building  block 
that  takes  out  most  of  the 
problems  for  the  less- 
experienced  designer  and 
user  More  than  75%  of  the 
problems  associated  with 
VHF  radio  designs  are  sim- 
ply those  associated  with 
getting  lost  in  the  MHz  as  a 


result  of  the  uncertainties 
of  DIY  coil  designs. 

Helical  filters  will  not  sal- 
vage designs  that  fall  into 
the  all-too-familiar  abyss  of 
"dry"  joints  and  a  shortage 
of  basic  experience  in  han- 
dling components  and  a  sol- 
dering iron  — but  these  fil 
ters  will  help  allay  the  fears 
of  the  more  experienced 
audio  constructor  whose 
neat  rf  projects  have  always 
been  relegated  to  the 
"pending''  tray,  since  the 
problems  of  alignment  as- 
sociated with  the  green  fin- 
gers of  the  rf  engineer 
sometimes  seem  insur- 
mountable. 

Unlike  the  rf  amplifier, 
the  mixer  does  not  use  any 
dc  bias  on  either  of  its 
gates  This  is  because  the 
amplitude  of  the  local  os- 
cillator injection  voltage  is 


designed  to  be  sufficient  to 
switch  Q2  directly  at  116 
MHz,  thereby  improving 
the  intermediation  perfor- 
mance of  the  converter. 
This  technique  is  used  in 
some  professional  receiv- 
ers and  is  similar  in  con- 
cept to  the  esoteric  Schott- 
ky  diode  double  balanced 
mixer  — except,  of  course, 
that  this  system  is  single 
ended  It  is  possibly  the  first 
time  that  this  approach  has 
been  used  in  an  enthusiast's 
constructional  feature.  Un- 
less you  know  better 

At  the  drain  of  Q2,  the 

wanted  mixer  product  (2ft- 
30  MHz)  is  selected  in  the 
tuned  circuit  formed  by  L3 
and  C8  and  matched  at  the 
secondary  to  50  Ohms  to 
feed  the  main  receiver,  It  is 
this  output  network  that 
mainly  constitutes  the  3-dB 
bandwidth  of  the  converter. 
This  means  that  the  gain  is 
approximately  25  dB  at  144 
MHz,  28  dB  at  145  MHz, 
and  25  dB  at  146  MHz.  This 
reduction  of  gain  is  of  no 
consequence  as  the  design 
has  plenty  in  hand  at  all 
times. 

It  should  be  noted  that 
the  ultimate  sensitivity  of 
any  receiving  system  is  de- 
fined by  its  noise  figure  and 
not  its  gain.  This  means  that 
the  sensitivity  will  be  the 
same  over  at  least  144-146 
MHz,  although  the  S-meter 
might  read  slightly  less  at 
the  band  edges. 

The  oscillator  chain  uses 
a  38  667-MHz  crystal    rath- 


er than  the  more  usual 
116-MHz  type  Transistor 
Q3  serves  the  function  of 
both  oscillator  and  frequen- 
cy doubler,  L4  tunes  out  the 
capacitive  reactance  pre 
sented  to  the  third  overtone 
crystal  and  allows  fine  ad- 
justment of  its  operating 
frequency,  L5,  C15,  and  CI  6 
select  the  third  harmonic 
from  the  oscillator  at  116 
MHz  and  match  it  into  Q4 
where  it  is  amplified  to  an 
adequate  level  to  switch 
the  mixer,  Q2  The  capaci- 
tive divider,  C19  and  C2Q, 
provide  the  necessary  level 
and  impedance  adjustment 
to  feed  the  oscillator  injec- 
tion of  approximately  2 
mW  to  gate  2  of  Q2. 

On  a  general  point  about 
decoupling,  note  the  way  in 
which  tuned  circuits  are  de- 
coupled with  capacitance 
and  inductance,  Taking  the 
example  of  L3  {R8/C9L  R8  is 
apparently  superfluous. 

This  presumes  that  there 
is  zero  ac  impedance  to  the 
rf  ground  on  the  positive 
supply  rail  which  — for  rea- 
sons of  the  effects  of  lead 
inductance  and  the  unpre- 
dictability of  stray  coupling 
at  VHF  — is  certainly  not 
always  the  case,  Thus  the 
low-pass  fitter  formed  by 
the  RC  combination  pro- 
vides a  far  more  positive 
and  reliable  method  for 
keeping  the  rf  off  the  sup- 
ply line  The  danger  of  cre- 
ating a  positive  feedback 
loop  somewhere  in  the 
physical  (as  opposed  to  the- 


Fig,  Z  PC  board  layout. 

70     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


£  Q  2         n 


Ll  .-TCI. 


C5 


f 


;CD  — pm 


m — 


1Q  Qg-frt*- 


-     '  ""ins1 


5  cw  i  o 

[J  «—   M 


Fig.  3,  Parts  placement. 


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FT -707  B  Band,  Mobile  ncvr  5729.00 

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FT  «»R  6M  FM'SSB  xcw  533900 

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1  Memory  per  band  .  , . . ...       $729.00 

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Phono  Patch  Specify  730  or  720 A  $125.00 

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TH3JRS  Jr.  Thunderbiro.  7&0W  PEP  $150  00 

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214B  Jr   Boomer  t4  Element  2m  $61.00 

A1 47-11  2m  H  Element  Antenna  $34.00 

A147-4  2M  4  Element  Antenna  $23.00 

ARX-2B  134-164  MHz  Rmgo  Hanger  II  $34.00 

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B24  2  Elemenl  HF  Man i  Beam  6r1DM&'20m  $99.00 
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Improves  l0-20nn  $fi7.00 

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73Magazine  *  April,  1982     71 


Photo  D.  The  completed  converter  PCB. 


oretical)   circuit    layout    is 
(hereby  greatly  reduced. 

D1  provides  reverse  po- 
larity protection,  which 
most  readers  with  practical 
experience  will  have  dis- 
covered is  essential  when 
connecting  things  up  in  a 
hurry  Strangely  enough, 
this  simple  and  effective 
precaution  is  omitted  from 
many  designs.  Perhaps 
more  components  get  sold 
that  way. 

Construction 
And  Alignment 

Using  the  PCB  and  com- 
ponents placement  guide 
[Figs  2  and  3),  assemble  the 
converter.  Do  not  forget  to 
solder  the  earthy  legs  of  R1 , 
R5,  R6.  R7,  R9,  R13,  R14, 
and  R15  — and  also  the  can 
legs  of  L2,  IX  L4.  and  L5. 
There  are  no  critical  or 
easily-damaged  compo- 
nents, although  due  to  their 
size  it  is  advisable  to  leave 
the  coils  and  helical  filters 
until  last. 

After  construction  is 
completed,  remove  any  sol- 
der splashes,  check  for  dry 
joints,  and  remove  the  flux 
residue  Connect  to  a  12  V 
regulated  power  supply  and 
cht^k  that  the  current  con- 
sumption is  about  10  mA 
without  the  crystal  fitted. 

Preset  coils  LI,  L5,  and  L6 
so  that  their  cores  are  flush 
with   the  top   of  their  for- 

72     73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


mers.  At  this  stage,  do  not 
touch  L2,  13;  and  L4, 

Connect  a  voltmeter  be- 
tween Q3  emitter  and 
ground;  the  voltage  should 
be  approximately  3.2  V, 
Plug  in  the  crystal,  and  the 
voltage  should  rise  to  about 
3  5  V;  slightly  adjust  L4  for 
maximum  reading.  Transfer 
the  meter  to  Q4  emitter, 
and  adjust  L5  for  maximum 
reading  — which  will  be 
about  3.5  V  If  the  crystal  is 
removed,  the  voltage  will 
fall  to  approximately  0.48 
V.  Transfer  the  meter  to  the 
source  of  Q2  and  adjust  L6 
for  maximum  reading.  This 
will  be  about  0.15  V  to  0.3 
V,  depending  on  the  IDSS 
of  Q2;  there  will  be  less 
than  01  V  present  with  the 
crystal  removed. 

Connect  a  5(K)hm  aerial 
to  the  2-meter  input  and  a 
suitable  receiver  to  the  out- 
put via  a  50-Ohm  coax  lead 
Don't  bother  to  tuck  it  all 
away  neatly  into  a  case/box 
just  yetr  since  there  is  a 
reasonable  chance  that  you 
will  need  to  do  some  work 
on  the  unit  to  get  every- 
thing working  perfectly. 

Tune  to  a  weak  signal 
around  145  MHz  [the  out- 
put will  tune  to  29  MHz) 
and  adjust  L3  for  maximum 
output  using  the  receiver's 
own  S-meter  Adjust  Jl  for 


maximum  signal-to-noise 
by  ear,  and  do  not  use  the 
S-meter  if  optimum  results 
are  required.  Maximum 
gain  does  not  coincide  with 
minimum  noise  figure. 

Unless  you  have  the  nec- 
essary equipment  to  sweep 
the   2-meter    band   with    a 
spectrum  analyzer  and  sig- 
nal generator,  do  not  adjust 
L2.  There  is  little  point  any- 
way, as  the  helical  resona- 
tor has  been  very  accurate- 
ly set  up  during  the  course 
of  its  manufacture  and  test, 
and  no  improvement  could 
be  effected  on  the  samples 
tested     This    is    not    unex- 
pected, as  TOKO  offers  an 
unparalleled   repeatability 
in  their  ranges  of  high  quali- 
ty   rf    and    i~f    coils.    Ex- 
perience has  shown  them  to 
be   suitable   for    most   de- 
manding applications,  and, 
indeed,  there  are  hardly  any 
high-quality   receivers   that 
do  not  use  some. 

The  bandpass  character- 
istic over  144-146  MH/ 
shows  a  perfect  textbook 
response  (Photo  C)  The  he- 
lical filters  were  originally 
designed  for  use  by  manu- 
facturers of  Oriental  "black 
boxes"  If  you  take  the  lid 
off  some  Kenwood  and 
Standard  equipment,  you 
probably  will  find  one  of 
these  devices  lurking  near 
the  receiver  front  end. 


The  remaining  adjust- 
ment is  to  put  the  converter 
onto  the  correct  frequency, 
but  this  is  not  important 
unless  the  receiver  itself 
has  an  accurate  frequency 
readout  If  it  has,  then  tune 
to  a  known  frequency  such 
as  a  beacon  signal  or  a  re- 
peater and  adjust  L4  so 
that  output  frequency  cor- 
responds to  the  known  in- 
put signal.  For  example,  a 
repeater  on  R6  (145.75 
MHz)  reads  29  75  MHz  on 
the  main  receiver  display. 

This  completes  the  align- 
ment, and  it  is  gratifying  to 
be  able  to  comment  that  no 
problems  have  occurred 
with  stability  in  any  ex- 
amples tested  so  far- 
doubtless  due  to  the  care- 
fully designed  double-sided 
printed  circuit  board. 

Conclusions 

Once  you  are  confident 
that  all  is  well,  fit  the  com- 
pleted PCB  into  an  appro- 
priate   container    and    fit 


Paris  List 

(Capacitors  are  miniature  plate 

ceramic.) 
CI—  27  pF 

C2,  C20— 6,8  pF 

C3,   C4t   C7,   C14,   C17P   C18- 
1000  pF 

C5,  C6P  C13,  C15t  C16— 22  pF 

C8— 4  J  pF 

C9— 4700  pF 

CtO— .1MF 

C11— 47  pF 

C12— 33  pF 

C19— 220  pF 

(Resistors  are  V*  w  carbon  film.) 

Rl— 100k  Q 

R2— 120RQ 

R3^470  Q 

R4,  R7,  R8,Rt2tR17—  TOO  Q 

R5— 820  Q 

R6TR10-22kQ 

R9— 680  Q 

R11t  R16— 33k  G 

R13,  R15-1KS 

R14— 4  Jk  Q 

(AIJ  coils  are  TOKO  brand.) 

L1,  L3,  L6— MC108,  7.5  turns 

12— 272MT— 1006A 

L3— 154FN6439 

L4— KXNK3766 

01,  Q2— 3SK88 

03,    04— BFW92    or    2N918 

(Watch  pinout) 
X1— 36.667  MHz  HG18U  crystal 
Dl  — 1N4146 

Misc:  7  mm  Coil  Can,  printed  cir- 
cuit board. 


¥ 


M  PUT  DBW 


-h  if  it  gmiro 
.  UK, 


_.  »t  us  *rti»  m  *,i»r  mufti 
■HPinn  BiiHimwr*:  w  in  hz  mq  hi  n;  n 


frit  El  *  9f  HMil  Mil  *F  M  lOli  HI  TIMWT  HTRf 


.      *  * 


THE  ROBOT  800  COPIES  THOSE 
WEAK  SIGNALS  YOU  USUALLY  GIVE  UP  ON 


$100 


FCC  SSTV  Ruling  SPECIAL 

CASH  REBATE  ON  ROBOT  400s  and  800s 

$250  REBATE  when  both  units  purchased  together 

Expires  Mar  31,  '382 


■a 


w  built-in  demodulator 
makes  it  possible. 


I 


he  Robot  800s  built-in  demodulator  equals  or  exceeds  the 
performance  of  those  found  on  expensive  stand-alone 

terminal  units. 

We  designed  the  Robot  800  terminal  specifically  for  the  ama- 
teur radio  operators'  needs.  Unlike  many  terminals  that  re- 
quire costly  externa!  hardware  and  modifications,  the  Robot 
800  used  with  a  standard  TV  monitor  provides  you  with  all  The 
features  and  capabilities  you  need  for  a  complete  system  for 
amateur  radio  operation. 

We  consider  our  built-in  demodulator  the  most  important  fea- 
ture of  our  800,  since  the  first  function  of  any  terminal  should 
be  to  receive  as  many  signals  as  possible,  even  weak  ones  or 
those  under  heavy  QRM. 

The  demodulator  built  into  the  Robot  800  equals  or  exceeds 
the  performance  found  in  expensive  stand-alone  terminals. 
This  is  because  our  demodulator  employs  separate  two  tone 
active  discriminator  filters 
for  the  demodulation  of 
RTTY  signal. 

Most  demodulators  share  a 
given  filter  for  several  dif- 
ferent shifts  to  retune  the  fil- 
ter to  obtain  continuous 
shift  tuning  capability. 
However,  this  results  in  a 
serious  compromise  in  de- 
modulator performance. 
But  if  you  plan  to  use  your 
terminal  primarily  for  ama- 


Fig  l 
OEMODULATOfl  SLOCK  DIGRAM 


F*KH# 

NJIDKJ 


> 


IMA 

MM 

til  TCH- 


UlflTE* 


teur  radio  operation,  the  only  shifts  you  need  are  those  used 
in  amateur  radio,  i.e..  850  Hz  wide  shift  or  170  Hz  narrow  shifts. 
By  choosing  the  Robot  800  you  will  be  getting  a  terminal  with 
a  demodulator  that  will  provide  you  with  unparalleled  perfor- 
mance in  receiving  those  weak  signals  that  you  usually  would 
give  up  on. 

Other  Robot  800  features  Include: 

BAUDOT/ASCII  Operation:  O  Split  screen  operation 

n  Autostart  o  Programmable  WRU  □  On  screen  status  and 

turning  indicator  D  Current  loop  keyer  for  hard  copy  □  Pro- 
grammable narrow  shift  ID. 

For  Morse  Code  Operation:  d  Morse  autotrack  a  Side  tone 
oscillator  a  Morse  code  trainer  □  Speed  Indicator 

SSTV  Operating  Features:  The  Robot  Model  800  allows  al- 
phanumeric characters  to  be  typed  on  an  SSTV  format,  dis- 
played on  a  TV  monitor  and  transmitted  as  a  normal  SSTV 

picture.* 

For  complete  information 
on  all  the  Robot  800s  fea- 
tures, write  for  literature  or 
visit  your  Robot  dealer. 


tl?l  MM 


LO* 

tiuei* 


C0MPUTEP 


>L  1 1.  t.  M 


IMHt 


MMU.O. 
0*1*   TO 
COVPUTEA 


'The  Model  Btifl  i*  normally  supplied  with  the  IARU  standard    Low  Tone"  frequency  pairs. 
Units  with    High  Tone    pairs  ire  available  on  special  order  {Model  600HJ 


[ROBOT 1 

ROBOT  RESEARCH  INC. 

7591  Convoy  Court 
San  Diego,  CA  92111  *■* 
(714)  279-9430 


The  Mod**  900  does  not  receive  SSTV  pictures  The  Robol  Model  400  is  necessary  for  this 


World  leaders  in  Slow  Sean  TV,  Phone  Line  TV  and  Image  Processing  Systems 


I"— 


~t 


Photo  f .  Bandpass  at  mixer  input  (10  dB  per  vertical  divi-     Photo  F,  The  converter  bandpass  (2  dB  per  vertical  division, 
sion,  10  MHz  per  horizontal  division),  1  MHz  per  horizontal  division). 


some  form  of  rf  connector 
such  as  PL259  or  BNC.  If 
you  do  not  already  possess 
a  standard  of  your  own, 
then  the  BNC  system  is 
probably  the  best  choice- 
Fitting  a  BNC  connector  to 
a  cable  is  not  the  easiest 
task  for  the  uninitiated,  but 
it  is  worth  persevering  and 


acquiring  the  necessary 
skills,  since  the  BNC  system 
is  probably  the  best  gener- 
al-purpose rf  connector 
available. 

The  spectrum  analyzer 
photographs  were  taken  us- 
ing Tektronix  and  Hewlett 
Packard    test    equipment. 


Because  the  input  and  out- 
put frequencies  are  not  the 
same,  it  was  not  possible  to 
use  the  conventional  tech- 
nique of  sweeping  a  track- 
ing generator  with  the  spec- 
trum analyzer.  Instead,  a 
Hewlett  Packard  8640B  sig- 
nal generator  was  swept  by 
hand    over    130-160    MHz 


while  the  spectrum  analyz- 
er was  tuned  to  a  center  fre- 
quency of  29  MHz.  The  re- 
sulting display  was  stored  in 
the  analyzer  and  photo- 
graphed with  a  Polaroid 
camera.  The  results  speak 
for  themselves  and,  best 
of  all,  are  entirely  repeat- 
.ible.l 


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NOTE:     SEND  S1.00  FOR  OUR  CURRENT  CATALOG  OF  NEW  AND  RECONDITIONED  EQUIPMENT, 

*  ALSO  WE  PERIODICALLY  PUBLISH  A  LIST  OF  UNSERVICED  EQUIPMENT  AT  GREAT  SAVINGS. 

A  BONANZA  FOR  THE  EXPERIENCED  OPERATOR 

TO  OBTAIN  THE  NEXT  UNSERVICED  BARGAIN  LIST   SEND  A  SELF  ADDRESSED  STAMPED  ENVELOPE 


74     73 Magazine  *  April  1982 


Our  new  RTTY 
headquarters 


We've  grown  to  meet  the  needs  of  Amateur 

and  Commercial  communica- 
tions around  the  world. 


COME  SEE 

THE  ATR-6800. . . 

Now  available  with  TELEX/ 
Radio  interface,  data  encryption 
(DES  algorithm  or  Microlog's 
"CRYPTOLEX"),  time  diversity, 
full  duplex,  ARQ  code  operation, 
expanded  memory  {12K  CMOS 
RAM  or  128K  "BUBBLE")  for 
your  commercial  communica- 
tions applications,  plus  automatic 
computer  training  program 
modules  for  Morse  code, 
Triads  etc. 

THE  ACT- I... 

The  Amateur's  answer  for  an 
economical  full  feature  CW/ 
RTTY/SSTV  system.  Just  listen 
for  someone  on  the  air  com- 
plimenting his  new  RTTY  station; 
it'll  probably  be  another  ACT-1 
user!  It's  easy  to  hook  up,  easy 
to  operate  and  easy  on  the 
pocketbook. 


Get  a  live  "GN-THE-AIR"  demo  of  your  favorite 
MICROLOG  systems  at  our  new  engineering  and 
manufacturing  facility  in  Gaithersburg,  Maryland, 
conveniently  located  near  the  Montgomery 
County  Airpark.  You  can  operate  the  N3JL  sta- 
tion on  HF,  VHF  or  just  tune  around  the  bands. 
The  new  address  for  our  manufacturing  and  demo 
station  is  18713  Mooney  Dr,  (like  the  airplane), 
Gaithersburg,  Maryland  20879. 

For  technical  assistance  call  (301)  258-8400. 

(301)  948-5307  is  still  the  number  for  our  execu- 
tive and  accounting  offices,  TELEX:  908778, 


MICROLOG 


51 


*"5ee  Usi  of  Advertisers  on  page  J 30 


INNOVATORS  IN  DIGITAL  COMMUNICATION 

73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     75 


Compugrams  Are  Here 

BASIC  message  handling 


William  M  Kahn  WAbZZL 
I  M  W  Highway  8,  Space  3 
Lakeside  CA  91040 


When  I  first  began 
handling  formal 
message  traffic,  I  was  im- 
pressed with  the  pro- 
fessional "Western  Union" 
look  of  the  amateur  radio- 


gram forms  published  by 
the  ARRL  Several  months 
later,  the  romance  ended  as 
I  reorganized  desk  drawers 
for  the  umpteenth  time  to 
make*    room    for    my   ever- 


growing message  file,*  So,  I 
began  to  design  a  program 

"FCC  regulations  (Section 
97.105)  require  retention  of 
third-party  traffic  for  one  year. 


Program  listing 


1  RBI  *  fifiFt  FFM'Xm  FCITOT  • 

2  mt  *  BV  H  ML  1  firt  fl  rfiHN,  Ji*~2L  « 

3  KEH  •  134*4}  Hi&wri"  3  SFfiCE  . 

4  EDS  »  Li*E?1t€    CR  9QM  * 

10  a_5-PeirfT02*  -RPPL  FflDlCKSftl  Fttmr 

29  P&IHTO72.  *TM1£  Ffnf-F-fl!  HILL  FEltiFF  fllfc  fTOFE  It?  ffSSRQES* 

30  FtiPJMTG15f)&:llE:\T.CL<: 

40  CLEBR3200  INPtJI 'SELECT  Q>  lEYEWfl  OR  <2>  WE  IHPIJT, V:GLS:  IFV=2THEH:n0e 

70  M=8 

fB  FOPtt^lTDlO  PRINTS. rt  TtFUTTEAMrfi*. H* 

90  itfTJT'TOVJII  IFfl^2THJU?0 

100  irfWTO$E5-S*.Rt.IFft-JTI€KiSe 

lie  npynjxmicN  t  eipmi  iFw=4n©u?o 

129  jrffUTFHONE-.  Ff  IFR^B€l«fO 

1Z8  JfffVT-CCFRECTHOflS    0=«0t£,  14CFD.  2=10,  >**,   4<0C,  54t0£**fi  IFfl=«30TCCt« 

14f*  lFft-2TH£H?0 

150  IPft=3TWWJ 

160  IFftMTKEiJllO 

170  immmm 

1E8  ]FR=iIl£*JTej 

199  IlffUTWE  COWECTIOfi:  a=W0V*,ftl  lFftI=lT*CH3Jtt 

W  UtfUrTE:  I   I  Si&tfWE'.TJ  PKUfli&TftHl  - 
210  ItfWEKEiYET'  FFtn'.FI 
212  1FK=2T>«<240 
214  Iftt°nt€H359 
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218  JFW=5THETC 
220  ifH>ffTHEM2  I 
IFtt*7T>Ett2S* 

i  iFr^sTHOi:oo 

228  IRMCTCH 

2:$  HiJ=-i  mwa  (tif-w  Lii^r  Fii-fi  cif<j  Tir-n  hi^i  otkso 

240  K^J^Hf  JCf-ftf  «2J^*t  L2f«Ll  -:r^i  C2f*CI  00 

295  ICt=Hl  flif*l«  fCt=nt  P?**f  CIf=tt  TT^Tr  Fir  f*  GOTO:** 


£60  H4*=HMMr-NI.A4J=--fiJ  L«H*U  P4faf>!  C4J*C* ; T4I-T J  P4f-Pl  S0TO600 
27t1  H5f=HI  HSJ  'ir  Kj=irj  UJ-LI  F-I-Fi  ftua  fSl»TJ  K5f=FJ  GOTlKtt 

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76     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


which  would  allow  me  to 
copy   traffic  directly  onto 

my  micro  keyboard  and 
store  all  my  third-party  mes- 
sages in  a  cassette  data  file. 

The  program  is  written  in 
Radio  Shack  Level  II  BASIC 
for  the  TRS-80  microcom- 
puter   and    occupies    less 

than  6K  of  RAM.  This  in- 
cludes 3.2K  reserved  for  the 


string  inputs  but  does  not 
include   any  overhead   for 

the  BASIC  interpreter  (12K 
of  ROM  in  the  TRS-flO). 
Users  of  other  systems  may 
have  to  adjust  accordingly. 
As  is,  this  program  will  han- 
die  up  to  ten  messages  in 
the  ARRL  radiogram  for- 
mat If  you  have  less  avail- 
able memory,  just  reduce 
this  capacity  to  fit  your  own 


needs.  Any  micro  with  4 K  of 
available  RAM  should  store 
up  to  four  messages  quite 

nicely. 

Operating  the  program  is 
simple  You  begin  by  mak- 
ing keyboard  entries  of  up 
to  ten  messages.  The  inputs 
for  each  message  are  in  the 
same  sequence  in  which 
they  are  normally  received 


42:0  F*iriT.IJfUrflEn»€£  CD  fXVlEU  l€£SG££  Cf?  C2)  im  MKT  SEFIE5V:  lF>2T*OCftie 

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39138  PRIOT'rftTft  DW  COtfLnE-'  RETLWI 

off  the  air  (lines  80-200).  The 
transmrtting  station  usually 
gives  a  "break"  before 
sending  the  actual  text,  and 
line  130  provides  an  oppor- 
tunity to  correct  any  errors 
or  missed  copy  up  to  that 
point  Following  the  TEXT 
&  SIGNATURE"  input  rn 
line  200,  enter  the  informa- 
tion required  in  the 
"RECEIVED  FROM"  sec- 
tion of  the  radiogram  form 
The  second  statement  in 
line  200  recalls  the  message 
number  and  precedence  in 
case  the  message  heading 
has  scrolled  off  the  display 
screen.  (It  can  be  embarras- 
sing to  acknowledge 
receipt  of  a  message  when 
you  have  forgotten  the 
number;}  When  you  are 
finished  entering  traffic, 
each  message  entered  is 
displayed  in  subroutine 
20000  and  the  STATUS"  of 
each  (corresponding  to 
-SENT"  on  the  ARRL  form) 
is  entered  You  may  then 
continue  making  entries  or 
dump  what  you  have  into  a 
data  tape  (subroutine 
30000). 

Note  the  branching 
arguments  and  string  com- 
parisons in  lines  212-310. 
These  allow  repeated  use  of 
a  single  string  set  (H$,  N$, 
etc)  for  the  inputs  and 
assign  the  final  string 
names  when  each  message 
is  complete.  On  the  tenth 
run,  there  is  no  change  of 
string  names, 

Once  you  have  estab- 
lished a  message  data  file 
on  tape,  you  can  make  in- 
puts from  this  file  at  the  be- 
ginning of  each  run  (lines 
4010-4110),  Lines  4120-4220 
print  the  "HEADING/' 
"RECEIVED  FROM/'  and 
'STATUS"  sections  of  each 
message  for  a  quick  review. 
You  may  then  either  load 
the  next  series  from  the 
tape  or  review  each  mes- 
sage and  make  additional 
keyboard  entries.  Note  that 
if  you  wish  to  combine  tape 
and  keyboard  inputs  in  the 
same  run,  you  must  make 
the    tape    input    first     The 

73 Magazine  *  April,  1982    77 


PLESSEY-  AVANTEK 


PLtSSEY    INTEGRATED  CIRCUITS 


StltlO  RF    AfflV!itn-.  4    Q5 

SI  inn    ttF   AmplUJir  1.05 

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SLtfiil    ACC   Gen  *   07 

5LtWJ   AF    AjujiVOC  J    "- 


5L1WJ  AV  Det/ACC   Amp  t.  1 1 

SLli,;ii   Multiraodc   Dpi  6.17 

SLli./'.   AM   Det/AOL    Amp  H.  OF 

SLIb/B  VOCAD/Sidtiliw  3.  72 

SLI6JQ   AF   Amp  U.  1 1. 

SLttH   AF  Amp  -  07 


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0? 

45 


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number  of  messages  avail- 
able for  keyboard  input  de- 
pends on  the  number  load- 
ed from  the  tape. 

Since  each  "TEXT  &  SIG- 
NATURE" input  is  a  single 
string  containing  a  max- 
imum of  255  characters. 
some  kind  of  line-length 
control  is  necessary  in  order 
to  avoid  breaking  up  words 
at  the  end  of  each  line  of 
text.  Careful  use  of  the 
space  bar  will  accomplish 
this,  but  it  consumes  string 
space  in  the  process.  I  pre- 
fer to  use  the  "down-arrow" 
key  on  the  TRS-80  key- 
board. It  performs  a  line 
feed/carriage  return  func- 
tion without  wasting 
memory  and  is  excellent  for 
separating  the  signature 
from  the  body  of  the  text. 

Notice  the  tape  input 
and  data  dump  se<  fions 
(lines  4000-4110  and  sub- 
routine 30000).  These  func- 
tions are  executed  bv  the 
"INPUT#"    and    "PRINT#" 


statements.    The    phrase 

—  V  is  required  in  Level  II 

BASIC  for  multiple  cassette 

deck  control. 

The  series  of  "PRINT 
CHR$(10)"  statements  in 
subroutine  20000  execute 
the  ASCII  control  code  for 
"line  feed/carriage  return 
The  same  result  can  be  ob- 
idined  by  using  separate 
PRINT  statements  for  each 
string. 

Finally,  lines  42MW310 
are  keyed  to  a  separate  but 

related  program  which 
automatically  computes 
monthly  traffic  statistics 
from  the  data  file.  There  is 
no  effect  on  the  resident 
program  and  the  inputs  are 
easily  bypassed. 

Whether  you  are  present- 
ly handling  a  lot  of  traffic,  % 
little  traffic,  or  are  now 
tempted  to  try  traffic  han- 
dling for  the  first  time,  I 
think  you  will  find  this  pro- 
gram to  be  valuable  and 
fun  to  work  with  ■ 


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432  1 6LB 1 6  elem  430  434  MHz  boom/toll  in 

HUSTLER  5BTV  l0-80m  Vertical 
4BTV  10'40m  Veriica! 
3TBA  New  10- 15- 20m  Beam 

HF  Mobile  Resonators  Standard 

TO  and  15  meter  7.95 

20  meters  10  95 

40  meters  50 

75  meters  13  50 

Avanti  AP  151.3G  2m  on  glass  ant 


204  00 
164.00 
41. SO 
33  95 
75  95 
6B95 
6t  95 
6t  95 
34.50 

95.-'32  95 
77  5 
69.95 
26^  ft 
T8 

320.75 
-39.50 
77  95 
93.55 
37  54 
58.70 
60.70 
92.50 
73.95 

189  95 
Super 
12  50 
14.95 
17  30 
27  95 
2795 


ORDER  INFORMATION 


]t*rs: 
Information 
arid  Virginia  orders: 

Store  Hours:      ^453 


1-800-336-4799 

(703)  643  1063 

M-W-F:  12  noon-8  pm 

Thursday:  10  am- 4  pm 

Saturday   9  am-3  pm 


Mailing  Address:  2410  Drexel  St 

Woodbridge.  VA  22192 

Store  Location:  1 44 1 5  Jefferson  Davis  Hwy 

Woodbridge.  VA22191 


—  CALL  FOR  QUOTES  — 
Send  stamp  for  a  flyer.  Terms:  Prices  do  not 
include  shipping.  VISA  and  Master  Charge  ac- 
cepted. 2%  discount  for  prepaid  orders 
| cashier's  check  or  money  order)  COD  fee 
S2,00  per  order  Prices  subject  to  change 
without  notice  or  obligation. 


78     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


**See  List  oi  Advertisers  on  page  130 


^pr^ 


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**Sfre  Lrst  at  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73Magazine  *  April,  1982     79 


MFJ  DELUXE  Versa  Tuner  II 

$139.95  buys  you  one  of  the  world's  finest  300  watt  antenna  tuners 
with  features  that  only  MFJ  offers,  like  .  .  .  dummy  load,  SWR,  forward, 
reflected  watt  meter,  antenna  switch,  balun.  Matches  everything  from 
1.8  thru  30  MHz:  coax,  random  wires,  balanced  lines. 

MFJ*s  Best  Versa  Tuner  II  .  .  . 

Built-in  SWRi  Wattmeter,  dummy 

toads  antenna  switch* 


This  is  MFJ's  best  Versa  Tuner  II.  And  one  of 
the  world's  Imest  300  watt  (RF  output)  tuners. 

The  MFJ-949B  Deluxe  Versa  Tuner  I  gives 
you  a  combination  of  Quality,  performance,  and 
features  that  others  can't  touch  at  this  price  .  .  . 
or  any  price. 

PERFORMANCE:  You  can  run  your  full      - 
ceTvef  power  output  —  up  to  300  watts  RF  out 
put  —  and  match  your  transmitter  to  any  feedline 
from  1.8  thru  30  MHz  whelher  you  nave  coax, 
balanced  line  or  random  wire, 

FEATURES:  A  200  wail  50  ohm  dummy  load 
lets  you  tune  up  for  maximum  performance. 

A  sensitive  meter  lets  you  read  SWR  with  only 
5  warts  and  both  forward  and  reflected  power  m 
two  ranges  (300  and  30  watts) 


A  flexible  antenna  switch  lets  you  select  2 
coax  lines  direct  or  thru  tuner,  random  wire  or 
balanced  line  and  dummy  load. 

A  large  efficient  airwound  inductor  3  inches  in 
diameter  gives  you  plenty  of  matching  range  and 
less  losses  lot  more  watts  out. 

1:4  balun.  1000  voM  capacitors.  SO  239  coax 
connectors,  finding  post  for  balanced  line,  random 
wire,  ground.  All  aluminum  cabinet.  10x3x7  ins. 

QUALITY:  Every  single  unit  is  tested  tor  per 
forma  nee  and  inspected  for  quality.  Solid  American 
construction,  quality  components. 

The  MFJ  949B  carries  a  full  one  year  uncon 
ditional  guarantee. 

Order  from  MFJ  and  try  it  -  no  obligation.  If 
not  delighted,  return  it  within  30  days  for  a  re 


fund  (less  shipping). 

To  order,  -imply  call  us  toll  free  800  647  1800 
and  charge  it  on  your  VISA  of  Master  Charge  or 
mail  us  a  check  or  money  order  for  $139.95 
plus  54  00  for  shipping/ hand hng. 

Don't  wail  any  longer  to  tune  out  that  SWR 
and  enjoy  solid  QSO's  Order  your  Deluxe  Versa 
Tuner  ll  today  Call  MFJ  or  see  youf  dealer. 


CALL  TOLL  FREE  ...    800-647-1800 


Call  601-323-5869  for  techuirul  information,  or 
der/repair  status.  Also  call  601-323  5869  outside 
continental  USA  and  in  Mississippi. 

MC  I  ENTERPRISES, 

IVl  rV  INCORPORATED 

Box  494,  Mississippi  State.  MS  39762 


MFJ  Dual  Tunable  SSB/CW  Filter 

lets  you  zero  in  SSB/CW  signal  and  notch  out  interfering  signal  at  the 
same  time.  Primary  Filter  has  tunable  peak,  notch,  lowpass,  highpass. 
Auxiliary  Filter  has  peak,  notch.  Noise  limiters  for  SSB,  CW. 

Adjust  primary  filter  for  optimum 

.  Use  auxiliary  filter 
to  eliminate  interference. 


Tfie  MFJ-752B  Signal  Enhancer  dual  tunable 
active  fillet  system  gives  you  signal  processing 
performance  and  flexibility  that  others  can't  match 

For  example,  select  ouumurn  Primary  Fitter 
mode  fo*  SSfl  signal,  zero  m  with  frequency  con- 
trol and  adjust  bandwidth  (or  best  response. 
Then  with  the  Auxiliary  Filler  notch  out  an  inter 
fenng  heterodyne  .  ,  .  or  peak  the  desired  signal. 

For  CW,  peak  both  Primary  and  Auxiliary  Fil- 
ters for  narrow  bandwidth  to  gtve  skirt  selectivity 
that  others  can't  touch.  Or  use  Auxiliary  Filter  to 
notch  out  a  nearby  QSn 

The  Primary  Filter  lets  you  peak,  notch,  low 
pass,  or  highpass  signals  with  double  tuned  filter 
for  extra  steep  skirts.  The  Auxiliary  fitter  lets 
you  notch  a  signal  to  70  db  Or  peak  one  with  a 
bandwidth  down  to  40  Hz. 


Tune  belli  Primary  and  Auxiliary  Filters  from 
300  to  3000  Hz.  Vary  the  bandwidth  from  40  Hz 
to  almost  flat.  Notch  depth  to  70  ob 

MFJ  Has  solved  problems  that  plague  other 
tunable  filters  to  give  you  a  constant  output  as 
bandwidth  t$  varied.  Arid  a  linear  frequency  con- 
troL  And  a  more  effective  notch  filter. 

Works  with  any  rig.  Plugs  into  phone  |ack  2 
watts  for  speaker.  Inputs  for  2  rigs.  LED  tor  power. 

Switchable  noise  llmfter  for  Impulse  noise; 
trough  clipper  removes  background  noise. 

Simulated  stereo  feature  for  CW  lets  ears  and 
brain  reject  QRM.  Vet  hear  off  frequency  calls. 

Speaker  and  phone  jacks.  Speaker  is  disabled 
by  phones,  OFF  bypass  filter.  1 0x2x6  ins,  9-16 
VDC  or  110  VAC  with  optional  AC  adapter.  $7.95. 

Every  single  unit  is  tested  for  performance  and 


inspected  tor  quality.  Solid  American  construction 
Order  Irom  MFJ  and  try  il  -  no  obligation,  II 
not  delighted,  return  it  within  30  days  lor  relund 
(less  stripping).  One  year  uncondttionat  guarantee 
Order  today.  Call  toll  free  800  647  1800.  Charge 
VISAt  MC  or  mail  check,  money  order  for  $89.95 
plus  $4.00  shipping/handling  lor  MFJ-752B. 

Don'1  wart  any  longer  to  tune  out  interfering 
signals,  order  now.  Call  MFJ  of  see  dealer, 


CALL  TOLL  FREE  . . .    800-647-1800 


Call  601-323-5869  tor  technical  information,  or 
der/repair  status,  Also  call  601  323-5869  outside 
continental  USA  and  in  Mississippi. 

MC   I  ENTERPRISES, 

IVl  rV  INCORPORATED 

Box  494.  Mississippi  State.  MS  39762 


80     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


5  MODES:  CW,  Baudot  ASCII,  memory  keyer, 
Morse  code  practice.   TWO  MODELS:  MFJ-49B, 

$339.95.  256  character  buffer,  256  character  mes- 
sage memory,  automatic  messages,  serial  numbering, 
repeat/delay.  MFJ-494,  $279.95.  50  character  buffer, 
30  character  memory,  automatic  messages. 


Mf  J  brings  you  a  parr  of  5  Mode  Super  Key- 
boards that  gives  you  more  features  per  dollar 
than  any  other  keyboard  available  You  can  send 
CW,  Baudot,  ASCII.  Use  it  as  a  memory  keyer 
and  for  MORSE  code  practice. 

Voti  get  text  butter,  programmable  and  auto- 
matic messaoe  memories,  error  deletion,  buffer 
preload,  buffer  bold,  pins  much  more. 

MODE  1:  CW 

The  256  character  (SO  for  494)  text  buffer 
makes  sending  perfect  CW  effortless  even  if  you 
"hunt  and  peck." 

You  can  preload  a  message  into  the  butter  and 
transmit  when  ready.  For  break  m,  you  can  stop 
the  butter,  send  comments  on  key  paddles  and 
then  resume  sending  the  butler  content. 

Delete  errors  by  backspacing. 

A  meter  gives  buffer  remaining  or  speed.  Two 
characters  before  buffer  lull  the  meter  lights  up 
red  and  the  sidetone  changes  pitch. 

Four  programmable  message  memories  (2  for 
494}  qive  a  total  of  256  characters  (30  for  494}. 
Each  message  starts  after  one  ends  for  no 
wasted  memory.  Delete  errors  by  backspacing. 

To  use  the  automatic  messages,  type  your  call 
into  message  A.  Then  by  pressing  the  CO  button 
you  send  CO  CO  DE  (message  A). 

The  other  automatic  messages  work  the  same 
way:  CO  TEST  DE,  DF,  QRZ. 

Special  keys  for  KN.  SK,  BT<  AS,  A  A  and  AR. 

A  lot  ot  thoughl  has  gone  into  humai.  engineer- 
ing these  MFJ  Super  Keyboards. 

For  example,  you  press  only  a  one  or  two  key 
sequence  to  execute  any  command 

All  controls  and  keys  are  positioned  logically 
and  labeled  clearly  for  instant  recognition. 

Pets  are  used  for  speed,  volume,  tone,  and 


weight  because  they  are  more  human  onented 
than   keystroke   sequences  and   they   remember 
your  settings  when  power  is  off- 
Weight  control  makes  your  signal  distinctive 
to  penetrate  ORM. 

MODE  2  ft  3  (RTTY):  BAUDOT  &  ASCII 

5  level  Baudot  is  transmitted  at  60  WPM 
Both  RTTY  and  CW  ID  are  provided. 

Carnage  return,  line  feed,  and  "LTRS"  are  sent 
automatically  on  the  first  space  after  63  charac- 
ters on  a  line.  This  gives  unbroken  words  at  the 
receiving  end  and  frees  you  from  sending  the 
carriage  return.  After  70  characters  the  function 
is  initiated  without  a  space. 

All  up  and  down  shift  is  done  automatically. 
A  downshift  occurs  on  every  space  to  quickly 
clear  garbled  recepboa 

The  butter,  programmable  and  automatic  mes 
sages,  backspace  delete  and  PTT  controt  (keys 
your  rig)  are  included. 

The  ASCII  mode  includes  all  the  features  of 
Baudot.  Transmission  speed  is  110  baud.  Both 
upper  and  lower  case  are  generated. 

MOPE  4:  MEMORY  KEYER 

Plug  in  a  paddle  to  use  it  as  a  deluxe  ruii 

feature  memory  keyer  with  automatic  and  pro 

grammable  memories,  iambic  operation,  dot-dash 

memories,  and  all  the  features  of  the  CW  mode. 

MODE  5:  MORSE  CODE  PRACTICE 

There  are  two  Morse  code  practice  modes. 
Mode  1:  random  length  groups  of  random  charac- 
ters Mode  2;  pseud o  random  5  character  groups 
in  8  separate  repeatable  lists  (with  answers). 

Insert  space  between  characters  and  groups  to 
form  high  speed  characters  at  slower  speed  lor 
easy  character  recognition. 


Select  alphabetic  or  alphanumeric  plus  punc- 
tuation. You  can  even  pause  and  then  resume. 

MORE  FEATURES 

Automatic  incrementing  serial  number  from  0 
to  999  can  be  inserted  into  buffer  or  message 
memory  for  contests. 

Repeal  function  aiJows  repetition  ot  any  mes- 
sage memory  with  1  to  99  seconds  delay.  Lets 
you  call  CO  and  repeat  until  answered 

Two  key  lockout  operation  prevents  lost  charac- 
ters during  typing  speed  bursts. 

Clock  option  (496  only)  send  time  in  CW.  Bau 
dot,  ASCII.  24  hour  format. 

Set  CW  sending  speed  before  or  while  sending 

Tune  switch  with  LED  keys  transmitter  for  tun- 
ing. Tune  key  provides  continuous  dots  to  save 
finals.  BuiJt  in  sidetone  and  speaker. 

PTT  (push -to -la Ik)  output  keys  transmitter  for 
Baudot  and  ASCII  modes. 

Reliable  solid  state  keying  for  CW  grid  block, 
cathode,  solid  state  transmitters  {300V,  10  ma 
Max,  +  300V,  1 00  ma  Max).  TTL  and  open  col- 
lector outputs  for  RTTY  and  ASCII. 

Fully  shielded.  RF  proof.  AN  aluminum  cabinet, 
mack  bottom,  eggshell  white  top.  12f,Dx7K,W*1  WH 
(front)  x3Vi"H  (back).  Red  LED  indicates  on, 

9-12  VDC  or  110  VAC  with  optional  adapter 

MFJ-494  is  like  MFJ-496  less  sequential  num 
bering,  repeat/delay  (unctions.  Has  50  character 
buffer,  30  character  message  memory.  Clock  op^ 
tion  not  available  for  MFJ-494. 

Every  single  unit  is  tested  for  performance  and 
inspected  for  quality.  Solid  American  construction. 

OPTIONS 

MFJ  53  AFSK  PLUG  IN  MODULE.  170  and  850 
Hz  shirt.  Output  plugs  into  mic  or  phone  patch 
Jack  lor  FSK  with  SSB  rigs  and  AFSK  with  FM  or 
AM  rigs.  $39.95  (  +  $3). 

MFJ  54  LOOP  KEYING  PLUG  IN  MODULE.  300V, 
60  ma  loop  keying  circuit  drives  your  RTTY  print- 
er. Opto  isolated  TTL  input  for  your  computer  to 
drive  your  printer  $29.95  (  +  S3>. 

MFJ-61  CLOCK  MODULE  (MFJ  496  only)  Press 
key  to  send  time  in  CW.  Baudot  or  ASCII  24  hour 
formal.  529  95  (  +  S3). 

110  VAC  ADAPTER.  $7  95  (  +  $3). 

BENCHER  IAMBIC  PADDLE.  $42,95  (  +  $4). 

A  PERSONAL  TEST 

Give  the  MFJ  496  or  MFJ-494  Super  Keyboard 
a  personal  test  right  in  your  own  ham  shack, 

Order  one  from  MFJ  and  try  it  —  no  obligation. 
See  how  easy  it  is  to  operate  and  how  much 
more  enjoyable  CW  and  RTTY  can  be.  If  not  de- 
lighted, return  it  within  30  days  for  refund  (less 
shipping).  One  year  unconditiona^guarantee^ 

To  order,  call  toll  free  800  647-1800  Charge 
VISA.  MC<  or  mail  check  or  money  order  for 
$339.95  for  MFJ  496.  $279.95  for  MFJ  494, 
$39,95  tor  MFJ  53  AFSK  modute.  $29.95  for 
MFJ-54  Loop  Keying  module,  $29.95  for  MFJ  61 
Clock  module,  $7.95  for  the  110  VAC  adapter 
and  $42.95  tor  Bencher  Paddle.  Include  $5.00 
shipping  and  handling  per  order  or  as  indicated  in 
parentheses  if  items  are  ordered  separately. 

Why  not  really  enjoy  CW  and  RTTY?  Order  your 
MFJ  Super  Keyboard  at  no  obligation  today. 


TO  ORDER  OR  FOR  YOUR  NEAREST  DEALER 

CALL  TOLL  FREE 800-647-1800 


Call  601  323  5869  for  technical  information, 
order/repair  status.  Also  call  601  323  5869  out 
side  continental  USA  and  in  Mississippi, 

Write  for  FREE  catalog,  over  80  products 

■JIB  I  ENTERPRISES, 
lYIlV  INCORPORATED 

Box  494,  Mississippi  State.  MS  39762 


**$ee  Lis  J  ot  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *   April,  1982     81 


SOCIAL  EVENTS 


Listings  in  this  column  are 
provided  free  of  charge  on  a 
space  available  basts  The 
following  information  should  be 
included  in  every  announce- 
ment: sponsor,  event,  date, 
time,  place,  city,  state*  admis- 
sion charge  (it  any),  features, 
talk-tn  frequencies,  and  the 
name  of  whom  ro  contact  for 
further  information.  Announce- 
ments must  be  received  two 
months  prior  to  the  month  m 
which   the  event  takes  place. 

FLEMINGTON  NJ 
APR  3 
The  annual  Ftemington  NJ 
Hamfest  will  be  held  on  Satur- 
day, April  3,  1982,  from  8:30  am 
to  3:30  pm  at  the  Hunterdon 
Central  High  School  Field 
House,  Flemington  NJ,  located 
between  New  York  City  and 
Philadelphia  at  the  intersection 
of  Rtes,  202  and  31 ,  just  10  miles 
south  of  1-78.  Admission  is  a 
$3.00  donation.  There  will  be  a 
ftea  market  with  a  large  heated 
indoor  area,  200  tables,  major 
manufacturers,  and  more.  Talk- 
in  on  146.52, 147.015, 2241 2.  and 
224.54.  For  reservations  or  fur- 
ther information,  call  (201)- 
7884080.   or   write  Cher ryvi lie 


Repeater    Association,   c/o 

W2FCWT  Box  76t  Farview  Drive, 
Annandale  NJ  08801. 

MEMPHIS  TN 

APR  3 

The  Memphis  Mini-Fest  will 
be  held  on  Saturday,  April  3. 
1982,  from  8:00  a.m.  to  5:00  p.m. 
at  the  Pipkin  Building  m  the  Mid 
South  Fairgrounds.  Admission 
is  $1,00.  Flea  market  space  is 
$5.00  or  2  spaces  for  $8.00  (bring 
your  own  tables  and  chairs;  none 
will  be  furnished).  Doors  will  be 
open  at  6:00  am  for  unloading. 
There  will  be  a  hospitality  party 
Saturday  night  at  7:30  p.m.  For 
further  details,  contact  Clayton 
Etam  K4FZJ,  President,  Mid 
South  Amateur  Radio  Associa- 
tion, 28  N,  Cooper  Street,  Mem- 
phis TN  38104,  or  phone 
(9Ql)-274  4418  (days)  or 
(90 1)473-67 14  (nights). 

ROCHESTER  MN 
APR  3 
The  Rochester  Amateur  Ra- 
dio Club  and  the  Rochester  Re- 
peater  Society  will  sponsor  the 
Rochester  Area  Hamfest  on 
Saturday;  April  3T  1982,  at  John 
Adams  Junior  High  School,  1525 


NW  31  Street,  Rochester  MN. 
Doors  will  open  at  8:30  a.m. 
There  will  be  a  large  indoor  flea 
market  for  radio  and  electronic 
items,  prize  raffles,  refresh- 
ments, and  plenty  of  free  park- 
ing, Talk-in  on  146-22/. 88 
(WRQAFTi  For  further  informa- 
tion, contact  RARC,  c/o 
W&JYEE,  2253  Nordic  Ct.  NW\ 
Rochester  MN  55901. 

OAK  RIDGE  TN 
APR  34 

The  Oak  Ridge  ARC  will  hold 
the  fourth  annual  Oak  Ridge 
Hamfest  on  April  3-4,  1982,  at 
the  Civic  Center,  Oak  Ridge  TN, 
from  9:00  am  to  5:00  pm.  Admis- 
sion is  $3.00  and  accompanied 
children  will  be  admitted  free. 
There  will  be  an  indoor  dealer 
display,  forums,  prizes,  conces- 
sions, and  an  outdoor  flea  mar- 
ket. Talk- in  on  146. 281.88, 
147.72/.  12  (backup),  and  146,52, 
For  more  information,  send  an 
SASE  to  ORARC  Hamfest,  Attn: 
Jim  McNair  N4EXG,  PO  Box  291 , 
Oak  Ridge  TN  37830, 

MADISON  Wl 
APR  4 

The  Madison  Area  Repeater 
Association,  Inc.  (MARA)t  will 
hold  its  tenth  annual  Madison 
Swapfest  on  Sunday,  April  4t 
1982*  at  the  Dane  County  Expo- 
sition Center  Forum  Building, 
Madison  Wl.  Doors  will  open  at 


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8:00  am  for  sellers  and  exhibi- 
tors and  at  9:00  am  for  toe  pub- 
lic* Admission  is  S2.50  per  per- 
son in  advance  and  $3.00  at  the 
door.  Children  twelve  and  under 
will  be  admitted  free.  Tables  are 
$4,00  each  in  advance  (early  res- 
ervations are  recommended) 
and  $5.00  at  the  door.  Features 
will  include  a  flea  market,  com- 
mercial  exhibitors,  and  door 
prizes,  as  well  as  an  all-you-can- 
eat  pancake  breakfast  and  a 
bar-b-q  lunch.  There  are  hotel 
accommodations  nearby  and 
plenty  of  parking  space.  Talk-in 
on  146.16/76  WR9ABT.  For  res- 
ervations or  more  information, 
write  to  MARA,  PO  Box  3403, 
Madison  Wl  53704. 

GROSSE  PQINTE  Ml 
APR  4 

The  Southeastern  Michigan 
Amateur  Radio  Association 
(SEMARA)  will  hold  its  24th  an* 
nual  hamfest  swap  and  shop  on 
April  4h  1982,  from  8:00  am  to 
3:00  pm  at  the  Grosse  Pointe 
North  High  School,  Vernier 
Road  (between  Mack  and  Lake- 
shore),  Grosse  Poinie  Ml.  The 
admission  charge  is  $1.00  in  ad- 
vance and  $2.00  at  the  door. 
There  will  be  good  food,  plenty 
of  free  parking,  door  prizes* 
cash  prizes,  and  a  grand  prize 
drawing.  Talk-in  on  147.75/.  15. 
For  further  information,  please 
send  an  SASE  to  SEMARA  Swap, 
PO  Box  646,  St,  Clair  Shores  Mi 
48083,  or  phone  Ray  Ninness 
WD8KXN  at  (313)777-0119. 

FRAMINGHAM  MA 
APR  4 

The  Framingham  Amateur 
Radio  Association  will  hold  its 
6th  annual  spring  flea  market  on 
Sunday,  April  4t  1962,  at  the 
Framingham  Police  Station  drill 
shed,  Framingham  MA.  Admis- 
sion is  $2,00.  Sellers'  tables  are 
$8.00  before  March  27,  and 
$10.00  after  that  date.  Doors  will 
open  at  1 0:00  am  but  sellers  may 
begin  setting  up  at  8:30  am. 
Radio  equipment,  computer 
gear,  food,  and  bargains  will  be 
available.  Talk-in  on  75/.15  and 
.52.  For  more  information,  con- 
tact Ron  Egatka  K1YHM,  3  Oris- 
coil  Drive.  Framingham  MA 
01701.  or  phone  {617V877-4520. 

SOMERSWORTH  NH 
APR  17 

The  Great  Say  Radio  Assocla* 
tion  will  hold  its  2nd  annua! 
Hamfest-Flea  Market  on  Satur- 
day. April  17, 1982,  from  9:00  am 
to  3:00  pm  al  the  Somersworth 


82     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


Without  doubt  LR-I  is  the  repeater  value  leader!  Compare  its 

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The  price?  Only  Si 095  (US  amateur  club 

net), 

LINKING?  The  LR- 1  is  also  available  with 
control  circuitry  for  Link  Transceiver 
operation.  Now  link  repeater  sites  with  the 
flexible  control  capability  you've  always 
wanted. 

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73 Magazine  •  AprilJ982     83 


Armory,  Somersworth  NH.  The 
entrance  fee  is  $1 .00  per  person 
and  the  ticket  counts  toward 
door  prizes.  There  will  be  an 
tique  radios  and  computers  on 
dispfay1  hourly  door  prizes,  and 
a  grand  raffle  for  a  Radio  Shack 
color  computer  as  wetf  as  other 
prizes.  Free  parking.  Food  and 
refreshments  will  available. 
For  advance  reservations  and 
further  information,  call  Dick 
Sedgewick  N1EX  at  (6Q3J-742- 
3703.  or  write  Great  Bay  Radio 
Association.  Rte,  16,  Dover  NH 
03820. 

SCHERERV1LIE  IN 
APR  17 

The  Lake  County  Amateur 
Radio  Club  will  hold  its  29th  an- 
nual Herb  S.  Brier  Memorial 
Banquet  on  April  17, 1982t  at  The 
Ember's  Steak  House,  1112 
Route  41,  Schererville  IN. 
Tickets  are  $8.50  and  can  be  ob- 
tained by  writing  to  PO  Box 
1909.  Gary  IN  46409,  No  tickets 
will  be  sold  at  the  door. 

WEUESLEY  MA 

APR  17 

The  Wellesley  Amateur  Radio 
Society  will  conduct  its  annual 
auction  on  Saturday,  April  17. 
1982.  at  the  Wellesley  High 
School  cafeteria.  Rice  Street, 
WellesJey  MA.  Doors  open  at 
10:00  am.  Talk-in  on  .63/>03t 
.G4/.64,  and  .52.  For  further  in- 
formation, contact  Kevin  P.  Kel 
ly  WA1YHV,  7  Lawn  wood  Place. 
Charlestown  MA  02129. 

GRAND  JUNCTION  CO 
APR  17 

The  Grand  Mesa  Repeater  So- 
ciety will  hold  the  third  annual 
Western  Slope  Swapfest  on  Sat- 
urday, April  17, 1982,  from  10:00 
am  to  4:00  pm  at  the  Plumbers 
and  Steamfitters  Union  HalL 
2384  Highways  6  anil  50.  Grand 


Junction  CO.  Admission  is  free 
and  swap  tables  are  $5.00.  Fea- 
tures will  include  an  auction, 
door  prizes,  and  refreshments. 
Talk-in  on  .22/.S2.  For  further  in- 
formation, send  an  SASE  to  Dale 
Ellis  KD0M,  588  Starlight  Street, 
Grand  Junction  CO  81501,  or  call 
(303H34  5981. 

JACKSON  MS 
APR  17  18 

The  Jackson  Amaieur  Radio 
Club  will  host  the  ARRL 
Mississippi  State  Convention  on 
April  1748,  1982,  at  the  Ray- 
mond Road  National  Guard  Ar- 
mory, Jackson  MS.  Admission  is 
free.  Hours  are  noon  to  5:00  pm 
on  Saturday  and  8:00  am  to  2:00 
pm  on  Sunday.  Activities  in* 
elude  forums,  net  and  special 
activity  group  meetings,  dealer 
exhibits,  prizes,  and  flea  market, 
Swap  tables  are  $5.00  each  day. 
Special  rates  are  available  at  the 
Holiday  Inn  Southwest  if  you 
specify  that  you  are  attending 
the  Jackson  hamfest  There  will 
be  a  hospitality  room  at  the 
hotel  Saturday  night  and  food 
will  be  available  at  the  hamfest 
both  days.  Talk-In  on  146.16/.76, 
146,52.  and  3987.5.  For  swap- 
la  ble  reservations  or  further  in- 
formation, contact  Don  Elder 
KC5VD,  2806  N.  Mill  Street, 
Jackson  MS  39216.  or  phone 
(601^362-0336. 

TRENTON  NJ 
APR  17-18 

The  7th  Trenton  Computer 
Festival  will  be  held  on  Saturday 
and  Sunday.  April  17-18.  1982. 
from  10:00  am  to  5:00  pm  at 
Trenton  State  College,  Trenton 
NJ.  Admission  for  all  activities 
is  $5.00.  Student  admission  is 
$3.00.  Features  will  include 
commercial  exhibits,  an  elec^ 
ironies  flea  market,  many  tech- 
nical sessions,  and.  on  Sunday, 


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free  short  courses.  For  further 
information  write  TCF^2,  Tren- 
ton State  College.  Millwood 
Lakes  CN550,  Trenton  NJ  08625, 
or  call  (609J-77 1-2487. 

PADUCAH  KY 
APR  13 

The  Paducah  Amateur  Radio 
Association  Ham/Swap  Fest 
will  be  held  on  April  18,  1982, 
from  9:00  am  to  3:00  pm  CST  at 
the  Paducah  Jaycee  Civic  Cen- 
ter, Paducah  KY.  Admission  is 
$1.00  and  includes  a  free  table. 
There  will  be  net  meetings  and  a 
flea  market.  TalMn  on 
147.66/, 06,  For  more  informa- 
tion, contact  Bruce  Huyck 
WD4BVW,  Rte.  8,  Box  431, 
Paducah  KY  42001,  or  phone 
{502)-444-7725. 

SULLIVAN  IL 

APR  18 

The  21st  annual  Moultrie 
Amateur  Radio  Klub  Hamfest 
will  be  held  on  April  18.  1982.  at 
the  Moultrie  County  4-H  Center 
Fairgrounds,  Caldwell  Road, 
located  5  miles  east  of  Sullivan 
IL  There  will  be  a  heated  indoor 
flea  market  and  a  large,  covered, 
outdoor  flea  market  There  is  no 
charge  to  vendors  and  space  is 
on  a  first  come,  first  served 
basis.  Talk-in  on  14694  and 
146.655/.055.  For  more  informa- 
tion, write  Ralph  Zancha 
N9CDK,  President,  MARK,  PO 
Box  55,  Lovtngton  IL  61937,  or 
call  (217^873-5287, 

RALEIGH  NC 
APR  18 

The  Raleigh  Amateur  Radio 

Society  will  hold  its  10th  annual 
hamfest  on  Sunday.  April  18, 
1982,  from  8:00  am  to  4:00  pm  at 
the  Crabtree  Valley  Shopping 
Center  parking  area,  Raleigh 
NC.  Admission  is  $4.00;  there 
will  be  a  table  charge  for  ex- 
hibitors and  flea  market  dis- 
plays. First  prize  is  a  choice  of  a 
Kenwood  TS-830S  transceiver  or 
an  tcom  IC-251A  multi-mode  2m 
transceiver  with  a  Mirage  B108 
80-Watt  amplifier.  A  hospitality 
room  and  party  will  be  held  the 
preceding  evening  from  7:00  pm 
to  10:00  pm.  Talk-in  on  146.04/ 
146.64  and  146.28/146.88  both 
days.  For  more  information, 
please  contact  Ken  Boggs 
KB4RV,  8704  Cliff  Top  Ct.,  Ra> 
leigh  NC  27612,  or  phone  (919>- 
782-8646. 

DAYTON  OH 
APR  23 

The  13th annual  B- A-S-  H  will 


be  held  on  Friday  night,  April  23, 
1982,  at  the  Dayton  Hamvention 
at  the  Convention  Center.  Main 
and  Fifth  Streets,  Daylon  OH. 
Admission  is  free  and  parking  is 
available  in  adjacent  city  ga- 
rage. Live  entertainment,  sand- 
wiches, snacks,  and  a  COD  bar 
will  be  available.  Awards  will  in- 
clude a  new  synthesized  HT  and 
a  synthesized  pocket  scanner. 
For  further  information,  contact 
the  Miami  Valley  FM  Associa- 
tion, PO  Box  263T  Dayton  OH 
45401. 

SPOKANE  WA 
APR  24 

The  Inland  Empire  Amateur 
Clubs  will  hold  the  third  annual 
Inland  Empire  Swap  Fest  on 
April  24, 1982,  beginning  at  9:00 
am  at  the  Spokane  Interstate 
Fairgrounds,  Broadway  and 
Havana,  Spokane  WA.  Admis- 
sion is  $1  00  and  includes  a 
special  door  prize  raff Ee  ticket. 
Regular  raffle  tickets  are  $.50. 
Activities  include  commercial 
and  non-commercial  displays, 
an  auction,  YL  craft  sales,  a 
snack  bar,  a  banquet  at  Roy's 
Chuckwagon,  and  a  ffea  market. 
Tables  (4'  x  81)  are  $5,00  per  full 
table  and  exhibit  space  is  free. 
Talk-in  on  1 46.34/94  and  146.52 
For  reservations  for  tables,  ex- 
hibit  space,  and/or  a  free  RV  site 
(without  electrical  hookup), 
write  Swap  Fest,  c/o  Jan 
Thiemann  KA7DDV,  78033  E 
Mission,  Spokane  WA  99206. 

BEMIDJI  MN 
APR  24 

The  Bemidji  Amateur  Radio 
Club  will  hold  a  swapfest  on  Sat- 
urday. April  24,  1982.  starting  at 
9:00  am  at  I  he  Holiday  Inn,  High- 
way 2  wesl.  Bemidji  MN.  There 
will  be  door  prizes,  refresh- 
ments, and  plenty  of  free  park- 
ing. For  more  information,  con- 
tact  Bill  Williams  WAOABX, 
Rte.  1.  Box  369 J -3.  Bemidji  MN 
56601.  or  phone  (218K751-9070. 

DIXON  IL 
APR  25 

The  Rock  River  Amateur 
Radio  Club  will  hold  the  16th  an- 
nual hamfest  on  Sunday,  April 
25,  1982,  at  the  Lee  County  4-H 
Club  Center,  1  mile  east  of  the 
junction  of  Rtes,  52  and  30, 
south  of  Dixon  IL.  Advance 
tickets  are  a  $2.00  donation;  at 
the  gate  a  $2,50  donation  will  be 
asked.  Breakfast  will  be  served 
from  6:30  am  to  9:00  am  and 
lunch  will  be  served  from  9:00 
am  on,  The  grand  prize  is  $500 


73  Magaztne  *   April,  1982 


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B4W  506  coax  switch 

ROTORS 

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CDE   HAM  4 

COE CO « 
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1982  CALLBOOKS 

U.S.  trtrinj^ 
OX   *«fsior* 
ANTENKAS 

Mtm  ProduCtt 

Mini  Product 
But  I  am  ur     HFGV 
Butler  nm     2MCV 
Hustler  A  HyGain 


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and  provisions  tor  internal  memory  keep  alive  battery.  The  MM-2  operates  from 
external  12  VOC  at  approximately  350  Ma. 

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Model  AC-1  600  Ma  12  VDC  Wall  Adaptor . , ,  F  $14.95 

Model  ME-2  Memory  Expansion  (2000  Total  Morse  Characters}  —  ■ $39.95 

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Somerset,  N.J.  08873 

(201 )  469-4599 


*"105 


<See  Usl  of  Advertisers  on  page  1  JO 


73 Magazine  •  AprilJMZ    65 


cash  and  the  second  prize  is 
$200  cash.  You  need  not  be  pres- 
ent to  win  these,  but  you  must 
be  present  to  win  the  hourly 
door  prizes.  Talk- in  on  146.52. 
For  advance  tickets,  write  Ed 
Webb  WD9CJS,  618  Orchard, 
Dixon  I L  61021. 

BRAINTREE  MA 
APR  25 

The  South  Shore  Amateur  Ra* 
dio  Club  of  Braintree  MA  will 


hold  an  indoor  flea  market  on 
Sunday.  April  25, 1982,  at  the  Vik- 
ing Club.  410  Quincy  Avenue, 
Braintree  MA  from  11:00  am  to 
4:00  pm.  An  entrance  fee  of 
$1 .00  will  include  one  chance  for 
the  door  prizes.  Additional 
chances  are  3  for  $1.00.  Plenty 
of  parking  will  be  available,  The 
Viking  Club  will  be  open  for  ven- 
dors at  10:00  am.  Eight-foot  ta- 
bles will  be  available  for  $8,00 
each  and  may  be  reserved  in  ad- 


vance by  sending  a  check  pay* 
able  to  the  South  Shore  Ama- 
teur Radio  Club  to  Ed  Doherty 
W1MPT,  236  Wildwood  Avenue, 
Braintree  MA  02184.  For  further 
information,  call  Ed  at 
(617)^843-0510  or  (617}-84^4431 
(evenings). 

LYNNFIELD  MA 
MAY  1 

The   Quannapowitt    Radio 
Association  (QRA)  will  hold  an 


indoor/outdoor  hamfest  on  Sat- 
urday, May  1, 1982.  from  9:00  am 
to  4:00  pm  at  South  Hail  Fire  Sta- 
tion, corner  of  Salem  and  Sum* 
mer  Streets,  Lynnfield  MA.  Ad- 
mission  is  $100  at  the  door 
Reserved  tables  are  $5,00;  at  the 
hamfest,  $7.00-  Food  will  be 
available.  Tallin  on  146,19/79 
or  .52.  For  additional  details, 
write  Dave  Meldrum  KA1M1,  28 
Cedar  Lane,  North  Andover  MA 
01845. 


HAM  HELP 


Our  club  is  in  dire  need  of  a 
service  manual  (or  a  Johnson 
Thunderbolt  linear  amplifier, 
catalog  #  240-353. 

Ronald  Daly  WBttZNI 

Hot  Springs 

Amateur  Radio  Club 

Box  385 

Hot  Springs  SD  57747 

I  need  schematics  for  the 
2-meter  Edgecomm  mobile 
radios  25A  and  3000A.  I  will  pay 
copy  costs  and  postage. 

Rudolph  Fallang  KA7DTA 

71 7  B  SE6th 
College  Place  WA  99324 

I  am  looking  for  a  DG-5  digital 
display  and  a  DS-1A  dc-dc  con- 
verter for  a  Kenwood  TS-520S. 
Please  state  condition  and 
price,  including  shipping. 

John  P.  lorio  WD4MWH 

5228  Longview  Dr. 

New  Port  Richey  FL  33552 

I  am  looking  for  a  Vocaline 
AT-30  420  MHz  transceiver. 
These  u n lis  are  very  o  ldt  but  I  am 
sure  that  one  can  be  found. 

Allen  Harris 

3047  Worden  St. 

Muskegon  Ml  49441 

I  am  in  need  of  a  source  for 
stainless  spring  rod  in  pieces 
that  are  five  feet  long  and  no 
more  than  1/8"  in  diameter 
Tapered  replacement  CB  whips 
are  not  quite  long  enough. 

Stan  Hockman  KA4DSK 

638  Fiager  Blvd. 

Lake  Park  FL  33403 

Does  anyone  have  issues  of 
"Ham  News,"  published  byG.E. 
for  at  least  six  years  (1946-1954) 
or  +,Ham  Tips"  published  by 
RCA  in  the  early  1950s?  I  will 

86     73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


copy  your  originals  or  pay  for 
duplication. 

I  am  also  in  need  of  a  Knight 
T-60  transmitter  and  a  Star 
Roamer  R-55  receiver  In  any  con- 
dition. 

John  a  White  WB6BLV 

560  North  Indiana 

Porterville  CA  93257 

An  amateur  in  the  Ivory  Coast 
is  looking  for  a  RTTY  program 
and  interface  to  use  with  the 
Atari  800  computer.  Can  anyone 
help  me  to  help  him? 

Fred  Trick,  Sr.  KB9UB 

Zetfred  Company 

PO  Box  265 

North  Manchester  IN  46962 

Wanted;  Robot  Model  70 
SSTV  monitor,  regardless  of 
condition, 

Dante  Vent  Here  KA4JRE 
17831  NW  81  Ave. 
Hlaieah  FL  33015 

Wanted:  amateur  radio  QSL 
cards  prior  to  1930  for  old-time 
display. 

Dave  Noon  VE3IAE 

19  Honeysuckle  Cr. 

London,  Ontario 

Canada  N5Y  4P3 

I  need  a  schematic  and 
operating  manual  for  a  Knight 
KG-2100  dc  oscilloscope, 

Joe  Bische  KA4H AG 
3412  29th  St  W. 

Bradenton  Ft  33505 

I  am  looking  for  a  5AHP7A 
CRT  or  the  address  of  a  dealer 
that  carries  them, 

Wayne  Robot  ham 

40  Thyra  Ave. 

Toronto  M4G  5G5 

Ontario,  Canada 


I  need  a  system  to  connect  my 
home  with  a  telephone  approxi- 
mately two  miles  away.  Does 
anyone  know  of  wireless  units 
that  will  cover  that  range? 

Alfonso  Gallegos 

Ca  sill  a  #3150 

Quito,  Ecuador 

I  would  like  to  hear  from 
anyone  who  has  modified  an 
A  Ida  103  transceiver.  1  am  par- 
ticularly interested  in  adding  a 
digital  readout  and  10  meters. 

J.  L  Navarrete  WB6MHN 

1903  Santa  Ysabela 

Rowland  Heights  CA  91748 

Purple  Heart,  a  national 
amateur  radio  chapter  and  net 
of  combat  wounded  veterans,  is 
being  formed  to  affiliate  with 
the  Military  Order  of  the  Purple 
Heart,  Inc.  Eligible  veterans  are 
invited  to  write  for  information 
and  application. 

Clem  Harris  KC5MM 

6110  Pecan  Trail  Dr. 

San  Antonio  TX  78249 

(512)-699*1420 

I  need  complete  information 
on  how  to  make  a  frequency 
converter  in  order  to  have  an 
SB620  Scanalyzer  set  at  an  in- 
put of  455  kHz  show  a  display 
from  a  Drake  TR4CW,s  9-MHz  M 

In  order  to  prevent  possible 
overload,  could  a  very  small 
sample  be  taken  from  the  i-f  and 
put  through  an  amplifier  before 
coupling  to  the  SB620? 

Albertis  G.  Long  KC9JY 

620  N.  3rd 
Boonvllle  IN  47601 

I  am  trying  to  complete  con- 
struction of  the  add-on  capac* 
itance  meter  described  in  the 
February,  1981,  issue  of  73,  I 
would  appreciate  hearing  from 
anyone  who  has  had  success 
with  this  project. 

Tom  Reel  WB8UDQ 

5071  Tahquamenon 

Flushing  Ml  48433 


I  would  like  to  get  a  complete 
history  for  the  Hammarlund 
HQ-200  receiver.  I  am  looking  for 
the  years  it  was  made,  modifica- 
tions, and  any  specialized  sen 
vice  manual  as  opposed  to  the 
regular  operational  manual  I 
will  pay  for  copying  and  postage 
or  copy  and  return  your  original. 

D'arcy  Brownrigg 
Chelsea,  Quebec 
Canada  J  OX  1  NO 

I  am  returning  home  from  Ger- 
many to  the  Rome/Cartersvilie, 
Georgia,  area.  Any  job  informa- 
tion for  a  First  Class  Ra- 
diotelephone and  amateur  Extra 
class  licensee  commencing  in 
August  would  be  most  ap- 
preciated. 

E.G.  Echols.  Jr. 

WA2NYR/DA2EJ 

University  of  Maryland 

Jaeger  Kas.,  Bldg.  26 

APO  New  York  NY  09162 

I  would  (Ike  to  get  a  Novice 
license.  Are  there  any  nearby 
hams  that  could  help  me  on  my 
days  off?  An  hour  every  other 
weekend  would  be  a  great  help. 

Robert  Good 
Box  86 

OverbrookKS  66524 
(91 3J-665-7483 

I  need  a  service  manual  and 
schematic  diagram  for  a 
Motorola  T41GGV  series  'Twin 
V"  transceiver,  I  will  pay 
reasonable  copying  costs  or 
copy  and  return. 

Jeffrey  Miller  WD4SMA 

2112  Natahoa  Court 

Falls  Church  VA  22043 

I  am  looking  for  manuals  and 
specification  sheets  for 
Hallicrafters  SX101  and  SX42 
receivers.  I  will  buy  your 
originals  or  pay  for  copying. 

Bob  Allie 

736  Pine  St 

Central  Falls  Rl  02863 


at) 


ICOM 


SAVE  $200 


IC-720A  Digital  HF  Transceiver  9  HF  Ham  bands, 
receives .  1  to  30  Mhz.  lOOw  output,  cont.  LED  readout  2 
VFO's,  AM.  CW,  SSB  &  RTTV  filters.  PBT.  RIT,  VOX,  semi 
break-in,  blanker  &  processor  135v/2DA  4':4,h* 
9Vw*lWd,  17  lbs  (Reg  $1349)... NOW  $114100 

FL-32  500Hz  CW  fitter 59.50 

ft- 34  j. 2  KH/  AM  hiter^ »,»,,.,**,»*..«.. ., .,»  49,50 

Accessories  iur  720  7 $0 

PS  15  Power  supply  (Reg  $149)  .... 

PS- 20  20A  power  supply  (Reg  $229) 

Adaptor  cable    PS- 20  to  720/ 730 , 

CF-1  Cooling  fan-  PS-15/2Q 

EX- 144  Adaptor  for  CF-1  on  PS- 15. 

MMB  Mobile  mount 

Phone  patch    specify  radio  (Reg,  139) 

SP-3  Base  station  speaker 

SM*5  Bectret  desk  microphone 

AH1  Mobile  ant  /tuner  (Reg  $289)  ... 
Al-iOO  lOOwauto  tuner  JReg  $349). 
AT-500  SOOwauto  tuner  (Reg  $449). 


NOW  $134,95 

NOW    199  95 

,.,  10.00 

45.00 


r     i      ■     1      ■     ■    >      ■     I 


NOW    129.95 
49.50 

VV4--PV1**       J  J-  W 

HOW  259.95 
NOW  314  95 
NOW    399  95 


IC-2KL  160  15m  (WARC)  solid-state  linear  500  watts 
outout  Witn  AC  supply  {Reg.  $1795}  ..NOW  $1395.00 

IC-22U  800  ch ,  144-147  995  MHz.  1/10 watts. thumb- 
wheel frequency  selection  6  -  a  *  2  »*w  *  8r"dT  3k 

lbs  Mic   mt  &  cord.  (Reg  S299} .-  NOW  $269.95 

EX- 199  Remote  frequency  selector.  ...♦«...  35,00 

IC-290A  All  Mode  2m  mobile,  1418-148.199  Mfrz, 
1/lQw.  RfT,  prog  offsets,  5  mem.,  2  VFOs,  2  scan  sys, 
SSB  sq.,  priority  ch.,  sidetone.  blanker,  T/T  mic. 
m*w  *  2>  "h  -  m*(l  (Reg  $549) NOW  $479.95 

IC-490A  (New!)  All  mode  432  MHz  mobile  430 
439.995  MH;  lOw.  scan  mic  (March) TBA 


fC-25A  Compact,  25w  2  meter  rig  5  memories  2  VFOs+ 
priority  channel.  2  scanning  systems,  automatic  scan 
resume,  provision  for  memory  backup  With  T/T  mtc 
2"h  "  5  "w  -  TrJ  [Reg  $349) NOW  $309.95 


You  pay  LESS  at  AES.  ..just  Call  TOLL  FREE 
1-800-558-0411  •  ask  for  our  DISCOUNT  DESK 


SAVE  $129 


*++»■**■ 


tC  730  Solid-state  80-lOm  (WARC)  HF  Transceiver, 
200w  PEP  input  2  VFOs,  8  freq.  memory.  IF  shift  with 
PBT  optional  UP 'ON  tuning  with  optional  mic.  9'vf,w  * 

h  "lOVri,  !0  lbs  (Reg  $829)  NOW  $699.95 

Ft  30  SSB  filter  (passband  tuning)  ., 
FL  44  455  KHz  SSB  fitter  (Reg  $159) 

FL-45  500  \M  CW  filter .. 

EX  195  Marker  unit.. 

EX-202  LDA  interlace.  730/2KL/AH1 

EX  203  150  Hz  CW  audio  filter 

EX- 205  Transverter  switching  unit . . ...... . 


5950 
NOW    144.95 

59  50 

39  00 

27  50 
39.00 
29.00 


HM-10  Scannmg  microphone  ...„ 39,50 


IC-251A  Microprocessor  controlled  2  meter  All-mode 

Transceiver  for  143,8  148  1999  Mh*.  7digit  display.  10 
watts,  3  memories,  mem.  scan  &  programmable  band 
scan  600  KHz  offsets,  variable  splits  with  two  built-m 
VFOs,  13  Svdc  or  117vac  w/ampl,  hand  mic  4.  "h* 
9*rw  -  10'5-d.  11  lbs  (Reg.  $749)...... NOW $599. 95 


IC-451A  UHF  All  Mode  Transceiver  lor  OSCAR  mode  B 
or  j  &  simplex  For  430440  or  440-450  MHz.  Features 
similar  to  the  IC  251 A  (Reg.  $899).......  NOW  $769  95 

ICAG1  UHF  Pteampl.tar  {Reg  S89) NOW   $79,95 


IC-551  All  mode  6m  transceiver  tor  50-53,999  MHz  6 
digit  display,  10  watts,  3  memory  channels  w/vartable 
scan,  2  VFOs  &  blanker.  13.8vdc  I  117vac  4»*h" 
9Vw*lQl*Md,  14  lbs  (Reg  $479).  ...  NOW  $399,95 

EX  106  FM  adaptor  (Reg  $125) NOW  112  95 

EX  107  VOX  unit  (Reg  $55) NOW    49.95 

EX  IDS  P8  tune/RF  proc  (Reg  S105J  ..NOW    94  95 

IC  5510  same  as  551  but  80  watts  EX- 107  &  EX- 108 
built-in  13.8vdc  9  18A  (Reg  $699).-,,  NOW  599  95 

PS-20  AC  power  supply  (Reg.  $229) NOW  199.95 

CF-1  Cooling  tan  tor  PS-20. 45.00 

EX-I06  FM  adaptor  (Reg.  $125) NOW  112.95 

IC  560  6  meter  SSB,  FM  &  CW  Mobile  Transceiver  LED 
readout.  10  watts.  3  memories,  memory  scan  &  prog, 
band  scan  600  KHz  offsets,  2  VFOs  13  8  VOC  @  3.5A 
Microphone  &  mount  (Reg.  $489)  NOW  $43995 


VISA 


Call  Toll  Free:  1-800-558-0411 


SAVE  $30 

IC-2AT  Synthesized  2m  FM  Handheld 
with  built-in  T/T  pad  800  channels  in  5 
KHz  steps  144  147  995  selected  by 
thumb  wheels  &+5  KHz  upshift  switch. 
±  600  KHr  offsets  With  BP-3  250  ma 
nod  pack  output  is  IS  LOW  or  1  5* 
HIGH  Optional  packs  for  larger  capac- 
ity or  higher  power  Supplied  with  250 
ma  mead  pack,  wall  charger,  flexible 
antenna,  belt  clip,  strap,  earphone  and 
plugs  Mode  I  tC-2A  does  not  have  buil  I 
in  T/T  pad.  6.6"h»  2.6***1.4^  lib. 

Regular  SPECIAL! 
IC-2AT  HT  w/TTP,  mead  &  chgr...,  $269  50  $239,50 
IC  2A  2m  HT  w/nod  &  wall  chgr. . . $239 50  214.50 
ML  I  2.3/ lOw  2m  mobile  I irw&r  .......  8900      79.95 

IC-3AT  220  HT/nP.  nuad  &  chgr....  299.95    2€9.95 
IC-1A  220  HTmcad  & charger 26995    249,95 

IC-4AT  440  HT/TTP,  mead  &  chgr ... .  299 95  269.95 
IC-4A  440  HT/mcad  &  charger, ......  26995    249.95 

BC-25U  Ertra  wall  charger 12,50 

BC  30  Drop-in  charger  for  BP-2,3  &  5 69.00 

BP-2*  450  ma,  7  2v  mead  pk,  1W  output 39.50 

BP-3  Extra  250  ma  mead  pk,  1.5W  output ......  29.50 

BP-4  Alkaline  battery  case........ ,,„,  12.50 

BP-5*  450  ma,  108v  mead  pk.  2.3W  output ...  49.50 

CP-l  Cig  lighter  plug  &  cord  fBP  3).,. 9.50 

DC-1  DC  operation  module..... 17."50 

HM-9  Speaker/microphone 34.50 

Leathtr  cjse  {speedy  radio) 34.95 

FA-2  Flexible  antenna  for  2A.  2AT  [BNC] ID  00 

3A-TTN  TTparJfor  ZA,  3A,  4A .....39.50 

*BC  30  required  to  charge  BP-2  &  BP-5 

IC-2025  2  meter  portable  SSB  Transceiver,  3W  PEP 
output  Uses  regular  "C"  cells,  optional  Nicad  pack  & 
charger  or  IC-3PS  AC  supply/speaker  With  band  mic 
whip  antenna  and  strap  (Reg.  $279) NOW  $249.95 

IC  201  2m.  lOw  ampl  (Reg  $98)  ...NOW  89.95 
IC-402  432  Mhz  portable  SSB  Transceiver  Features 
same  as  IC  2025  above  (Reg.  $389}.....  NOW  $349.95 

IC-30L  10*-,  432  amp  flteg,  $105).,,.  NOW  94  95 
IC-502A  6m  SSB  port  (Reg.  $239) NOW    214.95 

IC-3PE  3A  ps/speakef  (Reg  $95) NOW     89.95 

IC-3PS  ps/spkr    ports  [Reg  $95) NOW     89,95 

SP4  Remote  speaker  ror  portables 24.95 

Accessories: 

HM-3  Deluxe  mobile  microphone T $17,50 

HM-5  3  or  4  pin  Noise  can*  microphone*..,.*.^  34.50 

HM-7  8  pm  amplified  hand  microphone 29.00 

HM-8  8  pm  1/1  microphone .„..„„.....„.  49,50 

HM  10  Scanning  microphone  (IC-720J 39  50 

SM-2  4  pin  etectret  desk  miemphone........ 39,00 

SM-5  8  pin  elect  ret  desk  micropnone 39,00 

HP  1  Headphones 34,50 

New  AES  Branch  Store:  Clearwater,  FL 
1898  Drew  St.  •  Phone  (813)  461-4267 

E-X-P-A-N-D-E-D  WATS  PHONE  HOURS 

Our  Milwaukee  Headquarters  will  answer  the 
Nationwide  WATS  line  1-800-550-0411  until  8 
pm  (Milwaukee  time)  Monday  thru  Thursday 

HOURS:  Mon  .  Tue,  Wed  &  Frr  9-5:30;  Tfturs  9-8.  Sat  9-3 

j  *  i  pj£U  t\  CleanivAiitT  \t<Hv-<  tu.it  opet)  Thursday  evpnirtj^j 


In  Wisconsin  (outside  Milwaukee  Metro  Area) 

I -800-242-5 t9S 


MhUVl 


W\i 


4828  W.  Fond  du  Lac  Avenue;  Milwaukee,  Wl  53216  -  Phone  (414)  442-4200 

AES  BRANCH  STORES ASSOCIATE  STORE 


WICKLIFFE.  Ohio  44092 

28940  Euclid  Avenue 

Phone  (216)  585  7388 

Ohio  Wats  1-800-362-0290 

Outside  Ohio  1-800-321-3594 


,"  See?  List  ot  A&vmhsers  on  page  f 30 


ORLANDO  Florida  32803 

621  Commonwealth  Ave. 

Phone  (305)  894-3238 

Fla.  Wats  1-800-432-9424 

Outside  Fla.  1-800-327-1917 


LAS  VEGAS,  Nevada  89106 

1072  N.  Rancho  Drive 

Phone  (702)  647-3114 

Pete.  WA8PZA  &  Squeak.  AD7K 

Outside  Nev.  1-800-634-6227 


ERICKSON  COMMUNICATIONS 

CHICAGO.  Illinois  60630 

5456  N.  Milwaukee  Avenue 

Phone  (312)  631-5181 
Outside  ILL  1-800-621-5802 


73Magazine  •  April.  1982     87 


ELECTRONICS 

61  Lowell  Rd.,  Hudson,  N.H.  03051 

9-6  Daily  (603)  883*5005  12'5  Sunday 

LOWER  and  LOWER  prices  !  Thats  what  our  catalog  is  bringing  you 
this  month.  There  have  been  numerous  price  reductions  throughout. 
Our  goal  is  to  bring  you  the  BEST  PRODUCTS  at  the  lowest  possible 
prices,  Our  large  inventory  and  the  money  saved  by  using  such  -tiny 
print  are  two  of  the  reasons  we  can  do  this.  Another  is  our  new 
highly  efficient  MAIL  ORDER  HEADQUARTERS  in  HUDSON,NH. 
Most  orders  are  shipped  the  same  day  they  are  received  (Located  just 
[30  minutes  from  Rte  12S  in  BOSTON  via  RTE  3  and  only  45  minutes 
from  LOGAN  AIRPORT  we're  convenient  to  all  of  New  England.  You| 
don't  have  to  be  a  Yankee  to  save  money  either,  our  phone  service  is 
second  to  none.  NO  SALES  TAX  in  New  Hampshire  is  another  way 
we  save  you  money  !  Tufts  is  OPEN  SEVEN  DAYS  A  WEEK,  our 
showroom  hours  are  9-6  Daily  and  12-5  on  Sunday.  For  the  many 
who^avejsked  aJ-^RGE  TYPE  CATALOG  is  now  available  for  $1. 

DISCOUNTS-  FREE  CATALOG  -  EXPORTS-  PACKAGES 


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TUFTS 


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00 TH  FOR  ONLY 

$313.95 


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TEL:  (603)  8B3-5005 


See  Lsst  of  Adverri$ers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     89 


LB-VHF-UHF  REPEATERS  soon  to  be  fcc  type  accepted 

AMATEUR  DISCOUNTS  AVAILABLE 

SUPERIOR  RECEIVER  AND  TRANSMITTER  SPECIFICALLY  DESIGNED  FOR  REPEATER  SERVICE 

ADJUSTABLE  TRANSMITTER  POWER.  FROM  1  TO  25  WATTS  MINIMUM  OUTPUT  WITH  EXTREMELY  COOL 
OPERATION.  -  AUTOMATIC  BATTERY  BACK  UP  SYSTEM  CAPABILITY  WITH  BATTERY  CHARGING  AND  REVERSE 
POLARITY  PROTECTION.  —  NOW  WITH  A  FULL  COMPLIMENT  OF  INDICATORS  AND  STATUS  LIGHTS-  —  100%  DUTY 
CYCLE- ADVANCE  D  REPEATER  SQUELCH  SYSTEM  NO  CHOPPING,  POPPING,  OR  ANNOYING  REPEATER  KEY 
UPS  DURING  LIGHTNING  STORMS.  —  DIE  CAST  ALUMINUM  R.F,  ENCLOSURES  —  SMALL  SIZE  5V*  X  19  x  13"  — 
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SMALL  SIZE 
3  7/8  x  6  1/8 


m  PRO  TRANSMITTER 

DESIGNED  FOR  REPEATER 

SERVICE  WITH  EXCELLENT 

AUDIO,  STABILITY, 

,    HARMONIC  REJECTION, 

#/  AND  LOW 

SIDEBAND  NOISE 

ADJUSTABLE 
POWER 
OUTPUT - 
UP  TO  &  WATTS 
FROM  THE 
EXCITER  BOARD 
COOLGPERATfON 

THIS  EXCITER  IS  USED  TO  DRIVE  THE  HI  PRO  25  WATT 
POWER  AMPLIFIER  AND  IS  AVAILABLE  KIT  OR 
ASSEMBLED 


HI  PRO  RECEIVER 
THIS  RECEIVER  IS  THE 
HEART  OF  THE  REPEATER 
AND  BOASTS  SUPERIOR 
SQUELCH  ACTION  NEEDED 
FOR  THIS  TYPE  OF 
SERVICE    EXCELLENT 
SENStTMTY.  STABILITY 
AND  SELECTIVFTY 


USE  THIS  RECEIVER 
TO  REPLACE  THAT 
TROUBLESOME  RECEIVER 
IN  YOUR  PHESENT 
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SMALL  SIZE 
3  7/8x6  1/8*' 


WRITE  FOR  COMPLETE  SPECIFICATIONS  ON  OUR  FULL 
LINE  OF  ACCESSORIES  AND  LOWER  COST 
REPEATERS 


*^46 


MAGGIORE  ELECTRONIC  LAB. 


590  SNYDER  AVE 

WEST  CHESTER,  PA.  19380 


PHONE  215-436-6051 


1 


ST  ANNIVERSARY  PLUS  SPECIAL  SALE 


RADIO  ACTIVITY 


531  WEST  COLLINS  DRIVE 

CASPER.  WYOMING  82601 


MOBILE  DX  PACKAGE 
KENWOOD  TR78&0  DTMF  40  WATT  15  MEMORY 
PLUS  DAIWA  DA200  ANTENNA  7/8  WAVE  5.2  dB  GAIN 

YAESU  FT208R(2  METER)  OR  FT708R  (70 CM)  HT 

16  DTMF  10  MEMORY  NICAD  BATTERY  PLUS  LEATHER  CASE 

ICOM  551 D (6  METER)  WITH  PS 20  AC  SUPPLY 
PLUS  EX106  FM  OPTION 

YAESU  FT1Q7M{16(M0M)  WJTH  DMS 

PLUS  FP107E  POWER  SUPPLY  AND  SP  107  SPEAKER 


$449. PPD 


$359.  PPD 


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ft 

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ORDER  FROM  THIS 
AD.  CHECK  ACCEPTED 
UPON  CLEARANCE 


?UU5 


LARRY  WB7UJY  AND 
WILLV  DEAN        ^3V5 


90     73  Magazine  *  April,  1982 


World's  finest  accessories  for  the  serious  operator 


FL-2  MULTI-MODE 
AUDIO  FILTER 


£J  UAJtSMH 


au»i4 


■Mi  ••*"*« 


Installs  in  speaker 
line.  Provides 
independently  ad- 
justable Lo-Pass 
and  Hi-Pass  cutoff 
frequencies  between  200-3500  Hz  in  CW  mode 
Shape  factor  apx.  1.4:1  on  a  5:50  db  scale 
Peak/notch  mode  provides  up  to  45  db  action 


,YT  *^  *^         rii  » 


It 


ASP- 
RF  SPEECH 
PROCESSOR 


lifllfill 


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turttm    _ 


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Installs    in    MIC 

line.    RF    clipping 

with  speech  shaping  from  0  to  30  db  in  6  db 

steps.  Frequency  response  400-3400  Hz   ±   3 

dbs.  Total  harmonic  distortion  at  1  KHz,  at  30 

db  clip  Jevel  —  1/2%.  Accepts  Hi  or  Lo  im- 

pedence  MfCs. 


0-70  CODE 
TUTOR 


Teaches      morse 

code.    Programmed 

for    random    tetters 

and  numbers. 

Sends  random  5  character  groups  between 

6-37  wpm  with  adjustable  character  spacing 

from  normal  to  3  seconds. 


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$ 


PLUS  THREE  EXCITING  NEW  PRODUCTS: 

RFA  PRE-AMP  —  provides  RF  switched,  broadband  (5-200 
MHz)  Pre-Amp  for  improved  receiving  sensitivity.  $64.95 

CODECALL  —  adds  4096  selective  tones  for  call  facilities  to 
any  FM,  AM  or  SSB  transceiver.  $64.95 

DF-1  DIRECTION  FINDER  for  any  FM  transceiver.  16  LED 
compass  point  readout  (32  pis  interpolated)  $379.95 

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Products 

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P.  O.  Box  62 

155  S.  Bates  Street 

Birmingham,  Michigan  48012 

Phone  (31 3)  644-5698 


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Headquarters. 


MONTHLY  SPECIALS 


3^40DZ SfiS.OO 

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B156 10.95 

8873, 175.00 

6574 175.00 

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LARGEST  EIMAC  DISTRIBUTOR— CALL 

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40  watt  RF  power  transistor  2N6084  $13,50 

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DXI,  999WILDWOODRD.,  WAYCROSS,  GA.  31501 


DOUBLE  BAZOOKA 
COAXIAL  ANTENNA 

*  Injection  Molded  Plastic  Fittings  for  Strength, 
Durability  and  Weatherproof  ing. 

*  Broad  Banded  Low  VSWR 

*  No  Tuner  or  Balun  Required 

*  Feed  With  Any  Length  50  Ohm  Coax 

*  Power  Handling  Capacity  *  Two  Kw 

*  Not  A  Kit  -  Ready  For  Use  -  Made  in  USA 

*  Steel  Eyeletts  For  Installation  and  SO-239 
Fitting  Are  Molded  Into  Antenna 

80  or  40  Meter , 49,95  ea, 

20, 15,  or  10  Meter 44,95  ea. 

powep  gain  systems 


D  Payment  enclosed  $ 

□  VISA         DMC 

Card     no. Exp,     date. 

Signature 

Name 


1007  Cypress  ^gg 

West  Monroe,  La.  71291 


ce 


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City 


State. 


2\p. 


73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     91 


CLOCKS  &  KITS 

SEE  THE  WORKS  CLOCK 

Our  Easiest  Clock  To  Assemble 


]fB[tB\t 


Model  8S0 


Six  digits  LED  clock,  12  or  24  hour 
format.  Attractive  clear  plexiglas 
stand.  Kit  is  complete  including  pre- 
cut  and  drilled  plexiglas  stand  and  all 
hardware.  Size:  6IJ  H  x4-1/3"  W  x  3"  D 

Model  850 . . $29,95 

Model  850  WT  ( Factory  wi red  &  tested )  . . . 

$39.95 

Now  available  with  GREEN  LEDs 

Model  G850 $39,95 

Model  G850  WT(  Factory  wired  &  tested! .  . 


»*'----        -.---      - 


(10%  off  if  you  buy  3  or  more) 


6  DIGIT   CLOCK    KIT 


12  or  24  hour  format.  Six  large  .5" 

digits,  50/60  hz  operation.  Kit  is 

compete  with  attractive  plexiglas 

cabinet. 

Model  5314 . $29.95 


Model  5314 


MOBILE  CLOCK  KIT 


Model  2001 


6  Digit  LED  display.  12  or  24  hour 
format.  Will  operate  12  VDCor  12  VAC 
Accurate  crystal  time  base.  LED 
display  turns  off  and  on  with  ignition  if 
desired.  Kit  is  complete  with  cabinet 
and  4  way  mounting  bracket. 

Model  2001 R   ..;-.., $29,95 

($27.95  in  qtys.  of  3  or  more) 


60  HZ    CRYSTAL   TIME    BASE 

Enable  your  digital  clocks  to  run  on  DC  power. 

Model  TB-1 , $4.95 

Model  TB-1  WT  (wired  &  tested ) $9;95 


VEHICLE    INTRUSION    ALARM 

Easy  to  assemble  and  install,  this  kit  offers  options  not 
normally  found  in  other  alarm  systems.  Hidden  switch 
mounts  under  the  dash.  Kit  has  provision  of  sensors  and 
remote  control  switch.  Programmable  time  delays  for  exit, 
entry  and  alarm  periods-  Basic  hook-up  utilizes  the  dome 
light  circuit  activating  when  doors  are  opened.  The  alarm 
will  drive  a  siren  or  pulse  horn  at  a  1  HZ  rate.  Not  prone  to 
false  alarms  due  to  reliable  CMOS  circuitry.  No 
externa]  switch  required.  Complete  kit  with  easy  to  follow 
instructions  and  diagrams. 

Model  ALR-1   . . . $14.95 

Model  ALR-1WT  (wired  &  tested) $24.95 

(10%  off  if  you  buy  3  or  more} 

TERMS:  US  &  Canada  add  5%  shipping,  handling  &  insurance. 
Foreign  orders  add  10%  (20%  airmail)  Orders  under  $20.00  add 
$1  50  extra  handling  COD  add  $2  00  Visa.  Mastercard  welcome. 
Ohio  residents  add  4  ,%  sales  tax. 


Prices  subiect  to  change  without  prior  notice. 

SEE  YOU  AT  DAYTON 

DEBCO    ELECTRONICS 
P.  O.  BOX  9169  DEPT.  K 

CINCINNATI,  OHIO    45209 
Phone:  {513)  531-4499 


^307 


HfiL  Communications  Is  Proud 
To  Announce  That  Our 
Amateur  Radio  Products  fire 
Being  Stocked  fit  The 

Following  Leading  Amateur 

Dealer  Stores: 


EASTERN  UNITED  STATES: 

AMATEUR  ELECTRONICS 

SUPPLY 

28940  Euclid  Ave. 
W*cklifte.  OH  44092 
(216)585-7388 

ELECTRONICS  INTER- 
NATIONAL  SERVICE  CORP. 

11305  Elkm  Street 
Wheaton,  MO  20902 
(301)946-1083 

MIDWEST  UNITED  STATES: 

AMATEUR  ELECTRONICS 
SUPPLY 

4828  W.  Fond  du  Lac  Ave. 

Milwaukee,  WI  53216 

(414)442-4200 

OIALTA  AMATEUR  RADIO 
SUPPLY 

212 -48th  Street 

Rapid  City.  SD  57701 

(605)343  6127 

ERICKSON  COMMUNICATIONS 

5456  N.  Milwaukee  Avenue 
Chicago,  I L  60630 
(31 Q  83 151 81 

HAM  RADIO  CENTER 
8340-42  Olive  Blvd 
St.  Louis,  MO  63132 
(314)9936060 

THE  HAM  SHACK 
SOB  N.  Main  St. 
Evansvilte,  IN  47711 
{812)422-0231 

KRYDER  ELEC. 
Georgetown  N.  Shopping  Ctr 
2810  Maplecrest  Rd. 
FL  Wayne.  IN  46815 
(219)485  9793 

UNIVERSAL  AMATEUR  RADIO 
1280  Alda  Drive 
Reynoldsburg,  OH  43068 
(614)866-4267 

WESTERN  UNITED  STATES: 

AMATEUR  ELECTRONICS 
SUPPLY 

1072  N.  Rancho  Drive 

Las  Vegas.  NV  89106 

(702)647-3114 


SOUTHERN  UNITED  STATES 

ACK  RADIO  SUPPLY  COMPANY 
3101  4th  Ave.  South 
Birmingham,  AL  35233 
{205>  322-0588 

AGL  ELECTRONICS 
13929  N   Central  Expwy 
Suite  419 
Dallas.  TX  75243 
(214)699-1081 

AMATEUR  ELECTRONIC 
SUPPLY 

621  Commonwealth  Ave. 

Orlando,  FL  32803 

(305)  894-3238 

AMATEUR  ELECTRONIC 
SUPPLY 

1898  Drew  Street 

Clearwater.  FL  33515 

(813)461-4287 

AMATEUR  RADIO  CENTER 
2805  NE.  2nd  Ave. 
Miami.  FL  33137 
(305)  573-8383 

BRITT'S  TWO-WAY  RADIO 
2508  N.  Atlanta  Rd. 
Belmont  Hills 
Shopping  Center 
Smyrna,  GA  30080 
(404)  432-8006 

GISMO  COMMUNICATIONS 
1039  Latham  Drive 
Rock  Hill.  SC  29730 
(803)368-7157 

KRYDER  ELECTRONICS 
5826  NW  50th  Street 
Oklahoma,  OK  73122 
(405)789-1951 

MADISON  ELECTRONICS 

1508  McKinney  Ave 
Houston,  TX  77010 
(713)658-0268 

NAG  DISTRIBUTING  CORP. 
7201  NW.  12th  Street 
Miami,  FL  33126 
(305)  592-9685 


CW  ELECTRONICS 
800  Lincoln  Street 
Denver.  CO  80203 

(303)832-1111 

HENRY  RADIO,  INC. 
2050  S.  Bundy  Dr. 
Los  Angeles,  CA  90025 
(213)820-1234 


RAY'S  AMATEUR  RADIO 
1590  US  Highway  19  South 
Clearwater.  FL  335t6 
(813)535-1416 

Call  Or  Stop- In  find  See 
HfiL  Equipment  fit  Your 
Favorite  Amateur  Dealer. 

Write  today  for  HAL's  latest 
RTTY  catalog 

HAL  COMMUNICATIONS  CORP, 

Box  365 

Urbana.  Illinois  61801 

217-367*7373         ^3*5 


92     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


*!*- 
^ 


HANOI 
CON 

V 


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73Magazme  •  April,  1982     93 


Flash  and  Crash  101 

how  to  weather  the  storm 


Dave  MatteyKlNYK 
132  Lydall 
Manchester  CT  06040 

Lightning  is  one  of  the 
most  common  occur- 
rences found  in  nature  and 
certainly  tends  toward  the 
spectacular.  It  is  responsi- 
ble for  starting  about 
10,000  wilderness  fires  in 
this  country  each  year  and 
also  infrequently  causes 
deaths.  Furthermore,  there 
have  been  many  miscon- 
ceptions and  superstitions 
invented  over  the  years. 

In  spite  of  the  losses  that 
can  be  involved,  the  av- 
erage person  knows  very  lit- 
tle about  this  phenomenon. 
It  would  seem  that  hams  in 


particular  have  something 
of  a  vested  interest  in  know- 
ing the  facts  so  that  the  fate 
of  their  equipment  will  not 
be  left  completefy  up  to 
chance.  This  article  will 
deal  both  with  how  light- 
ning occurs  and  the  various 
protection  methods  that 
are  available. 

A  lot  of  information  has 
been  obtained  since  Ben 
Franklin  first  tried  to  elec- 
trocute himself  with  his  ex- 
periments about  200  years 
ago.  Meteorological  obser- 
vations now  have  estab- 
lished thunderstorm  activi- 
ty levels  on  a  worldwide 
basis,  Fig.  1  shows  that  the 
annual    number    of    these 


storms  varies  from  single- 
digit  numbers  up  to  as  high 
as  200  in  parts  of  South 
America.  Interestingly,  the 
maximum  activity  occurs 
over  land  masses  that  are 
located  close  to  the  equa- 
tor. This  relationship  to 
latitude  mostly  reflects  in- 
creased evaporation  and 
cloud  formation  in  the  hot- 
ter climates. 

Similar  data  has  been 
generated  for  thunderstorm 
frequencies  encountered 
across  the  United  States 
South  Florida  has  the  dis- 
tinction of  having  the  high- 
est annual  activity  — 100 
thunderstorm  days.  Fig,  2 
shows  the  thunderstorm  ac- 


Fig.  1.  Annual  frequency  of  thunderstorm  days. 

94     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


tivity  throughout  our  coun- 
try and  can  be  used  as  a  par- 
tial guide  for  determining 
the  typical  frequency  in 
your  area, 

The  information  present- 
ed in  Figs.  1  and  2  shows  the 
number  of  days  that  thun- 
der was  heard  and  does  not 
tell  whether  a  lightning 
flash  goes  to  ground  or  is 
contained  inside  the  cloud. 
Furthermore,  the  number  of 
flashes  to  ground  increases 
substantially  with  increas- 
ing distance  away  from  the 
equator  (Fig.  3).  Severity  of 
storms  is  not  reflected  by 
the  data  at  all,  (A  more  pre- 
cise method  might  involve 
recording  thunderstorm 
duration  instead  of  just  oc- 
currence.) Consequently, 
these  activity  levels  should 
be  considered  as  relative  in- 
formation rather  than  abso- 
lute values. 

The  clouds  that  typically 
are  responsible  for  thunder- 
storms and  lightning  are 
termed  cumulonimbus 
These  so-called  "thun- 
derheads"  are  usually  very 
large  and  reach  overall 
heights  of  35,000  feet.  The 
temperature  at  the  top  of 
the  cloud  is  a  rather  brisk 
-40°  F.  Such  a  cloud  for- 
mation will  spread  out  hor- 
izontally over  several  miles. 
Lest  you  think  that  lightning 
is  produced  only  by  thun- 
derstorms, you  might  be  in- 
terested to  know  that  sever- 


Fig.  2,  Typical  annual  US  frequency  of  thunderstorm  days 
(Ret  1). 


al  other  possibilities  exist  as 
well.  These  include:  sand- 
storms, snowstorms,  and 
clouds  located  over  erupt- 
ing volcanos  (Reference  1). 
Lightning  associated  with 
snowstorms  occurs  often 
enough  to  be  a  concern  to 
aircraft.  Back  on  the 
ground,  though,  we  will  be 
interested  in  the  common 
thunderstorms. 

Contrary  to  widespread 
belief,  lightning  does  not 
come  instantly  crashing 
down  to  the  Earth  whenever 
Zeus  is  angry.  In  fact,  it 
does  not  always  come 
down,  but  occasionally  can 
extend  up  to  the  cloud. 
These  items  are  in  the 
folklore  that  well  try  to  set 
straight.  Lightning  actually 
consists  of  several  stages. 
These  are:  the  leader,  initial 
return  stroke,  residual 
decay  current  and  usually 
one  or  more  restrikes  (Ref- 
erence 2).  The  high-current 
portion  occurs  in  about 
10-100  microseconds  while 
the  total  cycle  takes  up  to 
0.25  seconds.  The  rate  of 
propagation  is  something 
less  than  the  speed  of  light 
because  of  inductance  and 
capacitance  effects  along 
the  path. 

The  source  of  energy  that 
ultimately  creates  the  dis- 
charge is  presumed  to  be 
warm  air  rising  toward  the 
top  of  the  cloud.  The  charg- 
ing process  in  the  cloud  is 
thought  to  happen  as  a  re- 
sult of  falling  ice  crystals. 
Portions  of  these  crystals 
splinter  off  and  become 
electrostatically  charged. 
Wind    currents   then    carry 


these  positive  charges  up  to 
the  cloud's  ceiling.  The 
heavier  remaining  portions 
of  the  ice  accumulate  a 
negative  charge  at  the  bot- 
tom of  the  cloud. 

Other  theories  also  exist, 
but  their  common  denom- 
inator is  that  the  cloud  con- 
tains one  or  more  localized 
"cells"  where  the  lower  part 
of  the  cell  is  negative,  Local 
potential  differences  can 
reach  many  millions  of 
volts  inside  the  cells.  Rela- 
tive to  the  Earth,  the  cell 
(cloud)  has  a  net  negative 
potential  and  a  lifetime  on 
the  order  of  a  half  hour. 

As  the  cloud  comes  over- 
head, the  ground  under- 
neath it  takes  on  a  positive 
charge.  Put  more  accurate- 
ly, negative  ions  in  the 
ground  are  repelled  from 
the  area  directly  under  the 
cloud  formation.  When  a 
vertical  conductor  (flag- 
pole, tower,  etc.)  is  present, 
an  intense  field  concentra- 
tion occurs  at  its  tip  which 
can  exceed  the  breakdown 
(dielectric)  strength  of  the 
air;  This  causes  micro- 
ampere "point-discharge" 
currents  characterized  by  a 
bluish  corona.  Sailers  used 
to  call  this  corona  St. 
Elmo's  fire  after  a  Mediter- 
ranean patron  saint.  Inci- 
dentally, this  effect  wilf 
cause  severe  local  static. 
This  is  one  reason  why  verti- 
cal antennas  have  a  ball 
rather  than  a  point  at  their 
tip.  The  ball's  larger  radius 
tends  to  reduce  the  possi- 
bility of  corona  discharges 
and  their  effects  on  recep- 
tion. 


25 


ao 


35  40 

DEGREES   LATITUDE 


Fig,  3.   Graph  shows  increasing  probability  of  cloud-to- 
ground  lightning  strikes  as  distance  from  equator  increases. 


Eventually,  a  column  of 
ionized  air  called  a  pilot 
streamer  reaches  out  from 
the  cloud  toward  the 
ground.  Afterwards,  a  more 
intense  discharge  takes 
place  in  the  form  of  a  series 
of  incremental  steps.  This  is 
referred  to  as  the  step-lead- 
er, This  leader  and  its 
branches  bring  the  negative 
cloud  potential  closer  to 
the  Earth  — reduce  the 
spark  gap,  if  you  will. 

Earlier,  it  was  noted  that 
leaders  occasionally  start 
from  the  ground  and  nearly 
reach  up  to  the  cloud.  Fig.  4 
shows  that  fewer  than  5% 
of  the  leaders  associated 
with  a  100-foot  tower  will 
behave  like  this.  In  all 
lightning  discharges,  how- 
ever, short  streamers  ex- 
tend upward  from  the  ob- 
ject just  before  the  dis- 
charge. This  is  the  same 
phenomenon  as  St,  Elmo's 
fire.  When  the  two  stream- 
ers connect  they  provide  a 
highly  conducting  path 
(filament)  which  allows  the 
charge  in  the  tip  of  the 
leader  to  flow  to  the 
ground. 

As  this  current  becomes 
higher,  the  filament  imped- 
ance is  reduced  and  more 
current  flows.  This  reduces 
the  charge  at  the  leader's 
tip,  allowing  the  conduct- 
ing arc  to  reach  higher  up 


into  the  filament  channel. 
Consequently,  this  arc 
propagates  up  to  the  cloud 
and  is  called  the  return 
stroke.  The  speed  of  this 
return  stroke  is  much  faster 
than  the  step-leader  that 
was  "feeling"  its  way  down 
to  Earth.  However,  the 
overall  speed  of  propaga- 
tion is  only  about  one-third 
that  of  the  speed  of  light 

Generally,  people  are  not 
aware  of  this  return  stroke, 
However,  this  is  what  actu- 
ally produces  the  bright 
lightning  flash  as  well  as  the 
thunder.  The  light  involved 
is  simply  a  result  of  the  arc 
itself,  while  the  high  cur- 
rents result  in  rapid  expan- 
sion of  the  surrounding  air. 
This  causes  the  thunder- 
clap, An  old  rule  of  thumb 
says  that  your  distance 
from  the  spot  where  the 
lightning  struck,  measured 
in  miles,  is  equal  to  the 
number  of  seconds  be- 
tween the  flash  and  the 
thunder. 

The  currents  flowing  dur- 
ing the  return  stroke  aver- 
age about  25,000  Amperes. 
Currents  above  150k  Amps 
have  been  recorded,  but 
those  over  80,000  Amps  are 
rare.  By  comparison,  the 
step-leader  currents  typi- 
cally are  in  the  tens  or  hun- 
dreds of  Amperes.  The  high- 
current  values  are  mea- 
sured   indirectly    as    you 

73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     95 


eo 


*    40 


s 


20 


DOWNWARD 
LEADERS 


UPWARD 
LEADERS 


L 


50 


100  190 

HEIGHT,   FT 


300 


600 


1200 


Fig.  4.  Percentage  of  upward  leaders  is  slight  without  very 
tall  structures. 


might  imagine.  Originally, 
small  bundles  of  steel  strips 
called  magnetic  links  were 
placed  perpendicularly 
near  whatever  was  expect- 
ed to  be  hit.  Any  eventual 
lightning  current  would 
magnetize  the  links,  and 
the  amount  and  direction 
of  the  current  flow  could  be 
deduced,  Recently,  similar 
methods  have  used  mag- 
netic recording  tape  where 
the  strike  partially  erases  a 
pre-recorded  signal  of 
known  strength.  Again,  the 
current  would  then  be  cal- 
culated. 

The  final  phase  in  the 
overall  lightning  process 
consists  of  a  low-level  con- 
tinuing current  which  pro- 
vides the  opportunity  for  at 
least  one  more  immediate 
restrike.  This  usually  hap- 
pens about  200  millseconds 
(0.200  sec.)  after  the  initial 
strike.  This  additional  dis- 
charge invariably  hits  the 
same  point  on  the  Earth  as 
its  predecessors.  This  fact 
alone  indicates  that  light™ 
ning  can  strike  the  same 
spot  more  than  once. 

Several  factors  can  in- 
crease the  probability  of  a 
building,  tower,  or  what- 
ever being  struck.  Geo- 
graphic effects  were  men- 
tioned earlier.  Most  of  the 
others  are  not  surprising. 
The  type  of  terrain  is  impor- 
tant with  the  valleys  being 
struck  less  often  than  high- 
er elevations.   For  a  given 

96     73Magazine  *  April,  1982 


location,  the  possibilities  in- 
crease as  the  square  of  the 
height  of  objects  above 
ground. 

Grounding  a  tower  will 
help  reduce  the  amount  of 
electrostatic  charge  pres- 
ent. This  can  help  avoid  a 
strike  since  the  field 
strength  at  the  top  of  the 
tower  will  be  considerably 
lower,  and  upward  stream- 
ers will  find  it  that  much 
harder  to  form.  More  im- 
portant, though,  the  good 
ground  will  allow  the  cur- 
rent to  be  safely  discharged 
into  the  ground. 

Another  factor  is  that  the 
tower  (or  highest  object) 
creates  a  so-called  cone-of- 
protection  which  protects, 
other  structures  inside  this 
cone.  An  example  of  this 
could  be  your  house.  The 
actual  area  protected  is  not 
well  established,  although  a 
conservative  figure  seems 
to  be  that  the  radius  of  the 
cone  is  equal  to  the  tower 
height  (Fig.  5). 

There  are  quite  a  number 
of  ways  to  increase  the  pro- 
tection of  your  equipment 
during  a  thunderstorm  with- 
out going  broke  in  the  pro- 
cess. However,  you  should 
realize  that  there  is  no  ab- 
solute protection  short  of 
tossing  all  transmission 
lines,  rotor  cables,  etc,  out 
of  the  window  and  unplug- 
ging the  radio.  (Even  this 
assumes  that  you  thought 
to  take  action  well  ahead  of 


BOUNDARY  OF 
PROTECTED  AREA 


X 


^ 


x 


\ 


Fig.  5.  Sketch  showing  principle  of  protective  cone  where 
the  radius  (R)  at  protective  area  (dotted)  is  equal  to  the 
tower  height  (H). 


the  storm  and  were  at  home 
to  do  so.  Do  not  disconnect 
these  cables  just  before  the 
storm  or  when  it  is  in  pro- 
gress,) Fortunately,  there 
are  some  things  that  can  be 
done  that  don't  require  you 
to  be  a  recluse  in  the  house. 

The  first  major  step  is  to 
provide  all  of  the  station 
equipment  with  a  good 
earth  ground.  This  means 
that  all  equipment  in  the 
house  should  be  attached 
(bonded)  to  an  outside 
ground  rod  using  as  short  a 
length  of  heavy  wire  as  pos- 
sible. The  standard  rod  is  a 
0.5-inch  copper  bar  driven 
eight  feet  into  the  ground. 
This  provides  a  low-imped- 
ance path.  Experiments 
have  shown  that  larger 
diameters  or  greater  depths 
do  not  provide  better  per- 
formance. These  rods  can 
be  bought  from  local  elec- 
trical supply  houses. 

You  should  avoid  cop- 
per-plated steel  bars  be- 
cause the  plating  will  wear 
or  corrode  off  leaving  a  rus- 
ty ground  rod.  There  goes 
any  low  impedance!  Simply 
check  your  ground  rod  to 
make  sure  it  is  not  magnet- 
ic. If  it  is  really  necessary  to 
ground  to  a  water  pipe  in 
the  house,  use  a  cold  water 
pipe  since  corrosion  can 
break  the  electrical  con- 
tinuity of  the  hot  water 
ones.  Also,  check  to  see 
that  the  water  meter  has 
been  bridged  with  a  heavy 
wire. 


At  least  two  of  the  tower 
legs  should  be  attached  to 
individual  ground  rods. 
These  should  be  driven  into 
the  ground  rather  than 
through  the  concrete  and 
into  the  ground.  The  same 
store  that  carries  the  rods 
usually  also  will  stock  brass 
clamps  to  secure  the  wires 
to  the  tower  and  the  ground 
stakes.  Remember  to  simi- 
larly treat  any  guy  wires. 
Copper  is  best  for  the 
ground  wires,  but  if  alumi- 
num is  used,  it  should  be 
about  a  #2  size.  Don't  run 
aluminum  through  the  con- 
crete since  corrosion  will 
ruin  the  wire  in  short  order. 

The  wires  to  each  rod 
should  be  short  and  as  di- 
rect as  possible  with  no 
kinks  or  sharp  bends.  Light- 
ning does  not  want  to  turn 
corners!  No  ground  wire 
should  be  placed  through  a 
metal  conduit.  This  setup 
would  act  as  an  rf  choke 
and  encourage  the  light- 
ning to  find  an  alternate 
route,  If  you  are  compelled 
to  be  neat,  use  porcelain  or 
some  other  non-metallic 
material  for  the  pass- 
through. 

Methods  also  are  avail- 
able to  reduce  the  risks  of 
strikes  to  antennas.  Again, 
bleeding  off  electrostatic- 
charge  buildups  caused  by 
rain  and  snow  is  helpful. 
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73Magazine  •  Aprlf,  1982     97 


are  already  at  ground  po- 
tential and  require  no  furth- 
er attention  in  this  regard.  If 
this  is  not  the  case  and  co- 
axial feedlines  are  used,  a 
device  such  as  Cushcraft's 
Blitz-Bug  can  be  inserted  in 
the  coax  near  ground  level 
where  its  case  can  be 
grounded.  This  device  con- 
tains a  built-in  spark  gap 
that  will  bleed  off  excess 
charges  to  ground. 

There  are  other  tricks 
that  can  be  used  with  coax, 
also.  I  made  several  one- 
foot  diameter  turns  in  the 
coax  at  the  base  of  the 
tower.  This  took  up  excess 
cable  lengths  and  also  pro- 
vided an  rf  choke  to  help 
discourage  the  lightning 
from  entering  the  house.  A 
right-angle  turn  right  after 
the  choke  arrangement  per- 
forms similarly.  Compared 
to  your  transceiver,  the 
price  of  new  coax  is  cheap! 

When  the  station  is  not 
being  used,  the  antenna 
switch  should  be  turned  to 
its  ground  position.  Since 
extended  inactivity  periods 
occur  with  vacations,  etc., 
it  is  convenient  to  home- 
brew a  coax  grounding  box 
which  is  mounted  to  the 
tower  or  to  a  ground  stake. 
Such  a  device  is  shown  in 
Fig.  6. 

An  outdoor  utility  box 
with  a  hinged  or  removable 
cover  and  a  good  weather 
tight  seal  forms  the  basis  of 
the  unit.  Three  male-male 
coaxial  feedthrough  con- 
nectors (UG363)  are  needed 
for  each  coaxial ly-fed  an- 
tenna, Inside  the  box  there 
is  a  short  length  of  coax 
with  PL-259  connectors  at- 
tached to  each  end  One  of 
the  groups  of  three  feed- 
though  (bulkhead)  connec- 
tors is  located  in  the  bot- 
tom of  the  box  and  its  cen- 
ter conductor  is  grounded 

During  normal  use,  a 
patch  cord  is  connected  di- 
rectly from  the  antenna  to 
the  coax  running  to  the  ra- 
dio. However,  before  the 
vacation,  this  patch  cord  is 
changed  over  to  the 
grounded    connector.    This 

98     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


COAX   TO  ANT  I 


COAX   TO  fllC 


PL29B   (6t 


COAX    TO  BIG 


BULKHEAD  CONNECTORS   [&) 


OUTDOOR  ELECTRICAL 
UTILITY  SOK    W3"- 
SEALEO  DOOR  OR  COVER 


HEAVY  WIRE 
TO  GROUND 


SEAL   INSIDE 

AND  OUT  <|2  PLACES) 


HEAVY    WIRE 
TO  GROUND 


Fig.  6.  SJt etch  showing  grounding  box  configuration  tor  coaxial ly-fed  antennas. 


grounds  the  antenna  direct- 
ly and  essentially  elimi- 
nates the  chance  of  a  direct 
hit  from  entering  the  house 
via  the  coax  lines  Remem- 
ber to  be  sure  to  seal  the 
holes  around  each  connec- 
tor mounted  on  the  box.  Sili- 
cone rubber,  RV,  or  other 
compounds  can  be  used  ef- 
fectively for  this  purpose.  It 
is  a  good  idea  to  drill  one  or 
two  small  holes  (1/16-1/8 
inch)  in  the  bottom  of  the 
box  to  allow  for  condensate 
drainage. 

If  your  station  uses  an 
open-wire  transmission  line. 
the  above  suggestions  are 

not  appropriate  without 
some  modification,  How- 
ever, this  situation  was  cov- 
ered long  before  we  started 
using  coax.  The  time- 
proven  method  of  protect- 
ing gear  in  this  case  is  to  use 
an  air  gap  (Fig.  7),  The  gap 
distance  is  chosen  to  be  too 
large  for  the  signal  to  bridge 
but  small  enough  to  allow 
lightning  to  jump  across  it 
and  continue  on  to  ground. 
Various  handbooks  deal 
with  these  air  gaps  in  detail, 
and  various  things  includ- 
ing spark  plugs  have  been 
used. 

In  the  potpourri  depart- 


ment, a  comment  or  two 
come  to  mind  regarding 
roof-mounted  VHF/UHF  an- 
tennas and  even  the  TV 
ones  as  well.  Most  people 
are  aware  that  the  mast  that 
supports  these  antennas 
should  be  grounded.  A  typi- 
cal installation  involves 
bringing  the  transmission 
line,  rotor  cable,  and  the 
ground  wire  down  the  side 
of  the  house  in  a  neat  paral- 
lel manner,  Electrically, 
though,  it  is  not  so  pleasing. 
In  the  event  of  an  actual 
strike,  the  lightning  has  a 
choice  of  paths  to  ground. 


Side  flashes  from  the 
ground  wire  to  one  of  the 
other  cables  is  also  possi- 
ble. This  problem  can  be 
overcome  by  making  sure 
that  the  ground  wire  is  the 
shortest  and  placing  the 
other  wires  away  from  it 
Again,  we  see  the  rule  of 
thumb  regarding  short,  di- 
rect ground  wires  coming 
into  play. 

One  should  realize  that 
damage  to  electronic 
equipment  does  not  neces- 
sarily require  a  direct  light- 
ning strike.  Relatively  large 
voltages  (spikes)  can  be  in- 


\ 


TO  ANTENNA 


Ul£*-l/3*  SAP 
2  PLACES 


HEAVY  WIRE  OP  9R4ID  TO  GROUND 


Fig.  7.  One  of  several  spark-gap  methods  used  to  protect 
open-wire-fed  equipment. 


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73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     99 


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MEMPHIS  AMATEUR 
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duced  into  the  ac  distribu- 
tion system  when  a  neigh- 
borhood utility  pole  is  hit 
The  voltage  transients  pro- 
duced can  travel  into 
equipment  via  the  house 
wiring.  An  obvious  solution 
is  to  pull  the  plug,  but  this  is 
not  always  convenient  and 
can  be  forgotten.  Protec- 
tion against  these  spikes  is 
especially  important  with 
solid-state  rigs  since  they 
do  not  have  the  overvott- 
age  capabilities  of  their 
tube  predecessors,  Fortu- 
nately, help  is  available  in 
the  form  of  a  voltage-spike- 
protector  device,  This  unit 
can  be  attached  to  essen- 
tially any  transformer-type 
ac  equipment.  The  device  is 
a  metal-oxide  varistor  sold 
by  General  Electric  (Model 
CE-MOV)  and  others.  The 
varistor  is  a  two-lead  unit 
that  is  attached  across  the 
transformer  primary  wind* 
ing  and  breaks  down  to  a 
low  resistance  in  the  pres- 
ence of  a  large-surge  volt- 
age   The    action    happens 


very  quickly  (several  micro- 
seconds) and  shunts  the 
spike  across  the  transform- 
er primary  and  prevents 
damage  from  occuring 

A  Closing  Note 

Well,  there  you  have  the 

basics  of  how  lightning  de- 
velops and  what  can  be 
done  to  minimize  its  occur- 
rence and  effects.  Total 
protection  cannot  be  en- 
sured unless  each  piece  of 
equipment  is  isolated  from 
the  antenna  and  the  ac 
mains.  Unfortunately,  this 
is  not  always  possible.  How- 
ever, the  techniques  pre- 
sented in  this  article  are 
simple  to  apply  and  will 
provide  a  significant  mea- 
sure of  protection  for  your 
equipment.! 

References 

1.  Lightning  Protection  of  Air- 
craft. NASA  publication  T008. 
F.A.  Fisher  and  J. A.  Plumer, 
1977. 

2.  Lightning  Protection.  R.H. 
Goide,  Chemical  Publishing. 
1973,  pp.  9-23. 


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100     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


BEEPER 


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73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     101 


Stormy  Weather 

to  be  forewarned  is  to  be  forearmed 


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Fig.  7.  Power  pact;  ac  operation,  dc  battery  and  charging,  and  the  automatic  switching  be- 
tween ac  and  dc. 

102     73  Magazine  •  April,  1962 


David  I.  Brown  W9CCI 

RR  5,  Box  39 

Nob  few  if  te  IN  46060 


You  say  the  storm  just 
turned  your  yard  and 
basement  into  Lake  Michi- 
gan? The  swing  set  just 
tipped  over  into  your  pic- 
ture window,  and  the  St 
Bernard  got  blown  halfway 
through  the  fence  — what's 
left  of  it?  Is  there  something 
going  'round  and  'round 
and  marching  down  your 
street  with  your  nice  new 
car  bouncing  along  on  its 
top?  Is  that  what's  troubling 
you,  Bunky? 

The  heavens  truly  opened 
up  and  delivered  their 
wrath,  but  at  least  you  and 
the  family  all  made  it 
through  in  one  piece!  Or 
maybe  you  have  seen  it 
happen  to  others,  and  it  just 
came  too  close  to  you  for 
comfort  Well,  then,  have  I 
got  something  for  you!  No 
longer  do  you  have  to  keep 
one  eye  on  the  sky,  one  foot 
in  the  basement  one  hand 
on  the  most  valuable  thing 
you  own,  an  ear  screwed  in- 
to the  radio,  and  then  still 
try  to  work  and  go  around 
and  about  your  business  in 
that  position.  That  is  like 
the    old    shoulder    to    the 


wheel,  eye  on  the  ball,  etc., 
and-try-to-work-in-t  hat-posi- 
tion joke.  Why  not  let  a 
very  special  monitor  do  the 
worry  and  watching,  cour- 
tesy of  the  National  Weath- 
er Service  VHF  radio  broad- 
casts? 

Should  the  "very  special'' 
comment  lead  you  to  be- 
lieve my  idea  is  also  quite 
expensive  like  the  special 
receivers  used  in  schools 
for  weather  warnings,  don't 
let  it!  It  is  just  not  true.  The 
"special"  refers  to  the 
dedicated  and  reliable  job 
my  unit  does  and  some  of 
the  easy  and  inexpensive 
ways  to  accomplish  really 
fantastic  results. 


The  Source  of  Warning 

The  National  Weather 
Service  operates  a  weather- 
warning  system  of  VHF  sta- 
tions throughout  the  coun- 
try. They  are  located  in 
nearly  every  major-size 
city,  near  any  sizable  body 
of  water,  and  in  some 
remote  places  you  would 
never  believe,  A  phone  call 
to  your  local  radio/TV  sta- 
tion, a  note  to  the  National 
Weather  Service  (NWS),  or 
punching  up  their  frequen- 
cy on  a  monitor  will  tell  you 
quickly  if  one  is  nearby 
enough  for  you  to  use  it 
The  frequencies  in  use  are 
162,400,  162.475,  and 
162.550  MHz,  one  frequen- 
cy to  any  given  area. 

Our  station  in  the  India- 
napolis area  is  on  162.550 
MHz  and  serves  a  much 
wider  territory  of  central  In- 
diana than  I  think  even 
NWS  planned  on.  The  trans- 
missions are  narrowband 
FM  {approximately  5  to  7 
kHz  audio)  and  easily  pro- 
grammed into  most  of  the 
available  monitor/scanners. 

A  word  about  scanners, 
though.  I  have  had  Indy 
NWS  programmed  into  my 
Bearcat  250  scanner  since  I 
first  learned  of  it.  I  live  on  a 
farm,  out  in  the  open,  and 
am,  in  a  word,  vulnerable! 
However,  if  you  want  the 


scanner  to  still  scan,  you 
must  lock  out  the  NWS 
channel  except  when  you 
want  to  listen  to  it.  Unfor- 
tunately, with  it  locked  out, 
you  may  miss  a  weather 
alerfwaming  call  when  you 
need  it  most.  You  could  be 
asleep,  scanning  2m  or  the 
police,  etc.  I  am  not  knock- 
ing a  scanner  or  monitor  for 
occasional  NWS  channel 
use,  but  to  tie  one  up  on  it 
for  serious  warning  and 
safety  use  is  an  expensive 
and  silly  approach. 

Storms  come  up  far  too 
fast  in  the  southwest  and 
midwest  unlike,  say,  a  hur- 
ricane approaching  Florida 
or  Texas.  There  were  days 
of  warning  on  recent  hurri- 
canes. In  the  midwest, 
when  two  air  masses  get  to- 
gether, we  often  get  some 
hair-raising  minutes  of  a  tor- 
nado warning. 

Solutions  — Save  Our 
Souls  (,  ,  . .  ,  ,) 

There  are,  fortunately, 
several  answers  to  the  prob- 
lem. Proper  equipment 
choice,  the  way  NWS  han- 
dles real  alert  conditions, 
and  what  you  may  already 
have  on  hand  or  be  able  to 
get  cheap  are  al  I  that  I  want 
to  tie  together  in  this  arti- 
cle. 

First  the  service  was  not 
chosen  in  the  162-MHz 
region  arbitrarily.  It  was 
originally  a  marine  weather 
service  and  that  fits  the  fre- 
quency range  of  most  of  the 
marine  VHF  radios  nicely. 
To  be  useful,  it  is  a  24- 
hou  rs-a-day,  7-days-a-week 
continuous  broadcast  of 
weather  and  related  infor- 
mation to  serve  those  ma- 
rine commercial  and  pri- 
vate boat  owner/operators. 

Downtime  is  for  fixing  a 
failure  or  preventative 
maintenance  only,  and 
most  stations,  if  not  all  by 
now,  have  back-up  gear  to 
cover  those  times  when  the 
main  transmitter  is  off  the 
air.  There  is  no  receiving  on 
those  frequencies  by  NWS, 


Fig.  2,  PC  board  layout  for  power  source. 


and  please  do  not  transmit 
anything  there!  When  a  real 
danger  exists  in  the  station's 
area  or  approaching  it  such 
as  severe  storms  or  a  tor- 
nado watch  or  warning,  the 
NWS  station  comes  on  with 
a  live  broadcast  immediate- 

ly. 

These  "alert"  broadcasts 
are  preceded  by  15  to  20 
seconds  of  continuous 
1050-Hz  audio  tone.  That  is 
the  trick  to  making  my  re- 
ceiver idea  work,  without 
going  insane  listening  to  the 
all-day  and  all-night-long 
broadcasts.  They  are  loop- 
taped,  about  1  minute  long, 
and  updated  about  once 
per  hour  or  as  needed.  Over 
and  over,  and  believe  me,  it 
goes  on,  and  on,  and  on! 
You  could  become  an  NWS 
announcer  word-for-word 
after  about  10  passes  of 
that  same  information, 

Since  they  use  that 
1050- Hz  tone  before  every 
live    broadcast    of    an 


"alert/warning"  nature,  I 
decided  to  detect  it,  open  a 
receiver's  audio  and  find 
out  what  al  I  the  commotion 
was  about,  and  still  not  turn 
into  a  babbling  idiot!  So 
can  you,  and  very  inexpen- 
sively these  days.  I  have 
shown  and  will  explain  in 
detail  several  ways  to  go 
about  doing  this  from  sever- 
al different  approaches. 
Then  you  can  have  your 
very  own  protection  and  en- 
joy a  valuable  and  free  ser- 
vice. This  is  not  like  snitch- 
ing the  HBO  or  cable  ser- 
vices. NWS  wants  you  to 
use  this  service.  You  could 
end  up  saving  property 
damage  to  yourself  and 
others,  lessen  personal  in- 
juries caused  by  these 
storms,  and  quite  realisti- 
cally protect  life  it- 
self—and it  could  be  your 
own.  An  ounce  of  preven- 
tion—a minute  of  warn- 
ing—same story! 

Power  Sources 

I  have  outlined  a  way  to 
73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     103 


TURN  Oft  J  OFF  Stf   BAR  Oft 

SET   VOLUME 

FOR    RELIABLE 

TONE  ALERT  FUNCTION 


RADIO   SHACK 

273-004 

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Fig.  3.  Configurations:  What  can  be  put  into  service,  uses,  facts,  and  ideas.  Configuration  1: 
Low-Z  (speaker)  radio  audio,  tone-alert  feature,  and  power  line  failure  feature.  Configura- 
tion 2:  Low-Z  (speaker)  radio  audio,  tone-alert  built  into  radio,  and  power  line  failure 
feature.  Configuration  3:  Scanner  use,  e.g.,  Bearcat  101  or  250.  Configuration  4:  Tuner  or 
other  VHF  boards  with  high-Z  out  and  no  audio  amp.  Configuration  5:  Can  be  used  like  con- 
figurations 1  or  3  with  2m  FM  rig  to  monitor  for  tone  calls  only.  Configuration  6:  Same  as  5, 
only  WWV  Time-cube  and  the  tones  given  on  the  hour/half-hour/minute  for  contest  or 
schedule  operations.  Configuration  7:  Same  as  5,  with  converted  CB  radio  on  10m  for  local 
net  or  rag-chew  call-up  or  messages.  Configuration  8:  Same  as  5,  with  unconverted  CB  and 
emergency  call-up,  e.g.,  REACT,  WTHR,  disaster, 


be  warned  of  danger,  but 
the  danger  is  storms  and 
with  that  goes  windr  hail, 
ice,  snow,  tornadoes  —  and 
sooner  or  later  loss  of 
power  from  the  ac  mains.  If 
lightning  knocks  a  pole 
down  up  the  road  and  your 
power  goes  off  at  the  lead- 
ing edge  of  the  storm,  and 
then  the  tornado  comes 
dancing  up  to  your  door- 
step, the  alert  monitor  is 
not  going  to  warn  anybody 
with  the  juice  off! 

104     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


Any  really  useful  monitor 
must  have  a  standby  power 
source  and  switch  to  it  au- 
tomatically. It  should  use 
rechargeable,  rugged, 
sealed  batteries  like  those  I 
have  shown  as  Gel/Cells  in 
Fig.  1 ,  B1  and  B2.  This  figure 
describes  my  power  system 
and  the  switching  needed,  I 
admittedly  overkilled  when 
it  came  to  the  Amp-hour 
rating  and  capacity  of  the 
batteries  I  used  I  wanted  to 
be  sure  if  the  power  went 


off  in  the  early  evening, 
without  having  to  forever 

eagle-eye  the  monitor,  it 
would  continue  running  on 
batteries— for  days  if  need 
be.  Further,  a  12-volt  jack 
on  the  back  connected 
across  (x)  and  (z)  allows  me 
to  run  the  Bearcat  250  on  1 2 
V  dc  all  the  time,  by  using 
the  Bearcat  mobile  power 
input  connection.  In  a  real 
bind,  I  can  even  plug  in  my 
HW-202  2m  FM  rig  with  rub- 
ber ducky  for  full  2m  opera- 


tion. Note;  The  regulator 
supplying  point  (x)  will  not 
supply  the  Heathkit  2-Am- 
pere  transmit  load  when  the 
power  source  is  operational 
in  ac  mode,  but  then  I  have 
a  Heathkit  ac  power  pack 
for  that  I  am  referring  to 
real  emergency  conditions 
and  battery  operation  only. 
The  source  in  ac  mode 
(point  x)  will  supply  1  Am- 
pere maximum. 

In  order  to  get  the  proj- 
ect into  use  as  quickly  as 
possible,  I  have  "borrowed" 
heavily  on  others'  designs 
that  I  knew  worked.  I  have 
added  a  PC  board  if  they 
did  not,  modified  some  cir- 
cuits to  do  my  bidding  in- 
stead of  the  original 
author's,  and  created  a 
lash-up  that  works  and 
works  well.  I  will  try  to  cred- 
it the  original  authors  and 
sources  as  I  come  to  them, 
and  I  will  point  out  my 
changes. 

For  opening  credits,  the 
battery  charger  complete 
with  a  very  nice  floating 
charge  system  for  always 
live  batteries  is  courtesy  of 
Don  Johnson  WB6MXD  via 
73  Magazine,  August,  1980. 
I  have  had  my  alert  monitor 
system  for  some  time  now, 
but  the  change  to  Don's 
system  with  float  feature 
has  really  added  dimension 
to  it  It  made  good  sense 
and  worked  right  off,  but  it 
had  no  PC  board.  I  added 
that  as  a  plug-in  or  wire-in 
PC  board  and  it  is  Fig.  2. 

The  batteries,  as  I  said, 
are  much  more  capable 
than  the  monitor  requires. 
There  is  another  good 
reason  for  staying  with  all 
that  "grunt"  capability,  and 
that  is  that  the  batteries  are 
readily  available  in  the 
form  of  the  replacement 
batteries  for  portable  TV 
sets.  One  such  source  is 
RCA  dealers  or  their  Parts 
and  Accessories  Depart- 
ment (RCA  part  number 
1437888-501  -one  6-volt 
pack,  Le.,  B1  or  B2).  12  volts 
requires  two  of  these  packs. 


r —  1 

I  COPY  RTTY,  ASCII 

1      and  Morse 
from  the  palm 
of  your  hand. 


i 
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Ji 

m  f  « r  r 

WirtTWlO  <PH  •■«■       1 

99                                                                                     A,^J  fl                                                                1 

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See  Lift  ot  Advertisers  an  page  130 


73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     105 


Gainqiq 


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SEE   PJG    2 

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Fig.  4.  Audio  amplifiers:  Using  the  total  unit  with  tuners  that 
have  high-Z  audio  available  and/or  no  audio  output  stagefsj 
to  boost  audio  level  for  speaker. 


It  is  a  plastic  package  con- 
taining 3  cells,  has  leads  of 
about  6"  coming  out  with  a 
rather  standard  molex™ 
2-pin  connector  termina- 
tion (male  plugs,  female 
pins),  and  the  leads  are  long 
enough  to  change  to  any 
connector  of  your  choice. 
For  information  sake,  they 
are  made  by  Gates  Battery 
so  their  brand  name  6  V  @ 
4.5  Ah  will  do  fine  also  The 

Globe-Union  #1245  also  is 
the  same. 

Control  and  Switching 

Fig,  1  shows  all  the 
switching  to  automatically 
drop  the  monitor  to  battery 
upon  an  ac  line  failure, 
sound  a  1050-Hz  tone  and 
bring  up  the  NWS  audio  if 
desired,  and  even  automati- 
cally switch  back  to  the  ac 
mains  when  power  has  been 
restored,  At  that  time  the 
batteries  begin  recharging, 
and  when  back  up  to  full 
charge,  switch  to  the  float- 
ing charge  state  to  maintain 
full  capacity  for  the  next 
downtime  failure. 

LED  indicators  keep  you 
constantly  aware  of  status, 
so  I  recommend  you  mount 
them  on  the  front  panel 
with  the  speaker  and  vol- 
ume control,  The  NWS- 
ON/AIert  position  switch 
can  go  there  or  on  the  rear 


panel,  as  you  choose.  After 
the  tone  brings  up  receiver 
audio  for  a  fixed  period,  to 
go  on  listening,  that  switch 
must  be  changed  from  the 
normal  alert  monitor  posi- 
tion to  NWS,  so  act  accord- 


raw  oc  - 

JUMPER 


LIMIT  LED  CATHODE 


BATT  0 

— -  ^ 


®\ 


FLOAT  LEO  CATHODE 

NC~ 
NC- 
NC- 

CHARGE  LED  CATHODE 

LIMIT  LED  ANODE 

CHARGE  LED  ANODE 

FLOAT  LED  ANODE 

+  REG  OUT  BATT  © 

NC- 

J AC-* 

20  VAC  f       NC- 
S AC-* 

NC- 
RAW  DC  + 


ingly  with  your  layout  My 
LED  recommendations  are: 
red  for  II  to  show  limit  cur- 
rent, yellow  or  amber  for  12 
to  show  normal  charging, 
green  for  13  to  show  the 
float/standby  condition, 
and  whatever  fourth  color 
you  can  come  up  with  for 
the  remaining  14  to  show 
that  the  monitor  is  on  and  in 
the  ac  mode. 

All  circuits  (LED,  relay, 
audio,  etc)  are  arranged  to 
allow    minimum    current 

drain  in  the  battery  service 
mode,  i.e.,  all  LEDs  are  off, 
relay  K1  is  de-energized, 
and  audio  is  off  until  alert 
tone  is  received  unless  in 
NWS  position.  I  have 
changed  very  little  of  Fig.  1 
from  Don's  original  except 
the  added  12-Vdc  regulator 
as  an  ac-mode  power 
source  and  switching  relay 
K1  If  you  do  not  want  the 
tone  warning  on  ac  failure 
but  only  for  the  radio  to  go 
on  quietly  monitoring  NWS 


on  battery  power,  K1  can  be 
just  a  DPDT  relay  with  a 
12-V  dc  coil,  no  K1c  con- 
tacts, and  K1  a  and  K1  b  con- 
tacts rated  at  1  Ampere.  S2 
(warning  on/off)  can  then  be 
eliminated.  I  would  advise 
you  to  wire  it  in  and  just  put 
it  to  "off";  adding  it  costs  so 
little.  You  won't  know  how 
useful  it  is  until  you  have 
tried  it  for  awhile.  In  any 
case,  keep  the  alert  test 
switch,  S3,  as  you  still  want 
to  be  able  to  test  the  tone- 
alert  system  from  time  to 
time  with  an  internal 
1050-Hz  tone.  20  seconds  or 
so  on  S3  should  open  up  re- 
ceiver audio,  whether  the 
NWS  carrier  is  present  or 
not 

Automation  — The 
Tone  Decoder 

This  circuit  is  also  bor- 
rowed, though  modified, 
and  belongs  to  Robert 
Lloyd,  from  Popular  Elec- 
tronics, May.  1976  (I  read 
'em  alll).  The  original  cir- 


Fig.  5.  Component  location  for  power  supply  board. 


106     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


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t*See  Lt$t  of  Advertisers  on  page  t30 


73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     107 


Fig.  6.  PC  board  layout  for  tone  decoder/tone  oscillator. 


W9CGI     MODIFICATION 


TS-l 


R5  ROBT    W    LLOYD   C1RCUJT 

33QK  SEE    TEXT  ABOUT    *RA,  RB,   RC,    CA 


103-4001  CMOS 


F/g.  7.  lone  decoder  and  latch:  Detecting  the  National  Weather  Service  alert  tone  and 
holding  audio  on  for  a  fixed  period. 


SEE   F(G.   i 


1050  - 
SQ.    WAVE 


*500      (j\ 


CIS 
.47 
30V 


SEE  FIG.  I 


F/g.  8.    Tone  oscillator:  Testing  the  tone  alert  and  tone 
source  for  alerting  the  user  of  an  ac  failure. 


cuit  ran  a  567  IC  as  the  tone 
decoder,  a  555  IC  as  an  anti- 
falsing  device  to  keep  voice 
in  the  1050-Hz  range  from 
triggering  the  monitor  au- 
dio onr  and  V4  of  a  CMOS 
4001  gate  to  identify  the  le- 
gitimate over-1 5-second 
tone  by  gating  the  tone  de- 


code output  (low)  and  the 
555  output  (returning  to 
low)  to  form  a  high  output. 
Mine  is  the  same  up  to  this 
point,  except  Ra  is  shown  as 
an  {*),  For  the  Weather- 
cube™  used  with  Lloyd's 
original  circuit  (Fig.  3,  Con- 
figuration 1),  Ra  is  10  Ohms. 


You  will  see  more  in  the  rest 
of  the  configurations  for  Ra 
values,  but  in  general,  Ra 
should  be  equal  to  the  ra- 
dio's speaker  impedance  or 
close  to  it  Usually  from  10 
to  47  Ohms  works  just  fine, 
but  try  to  match  speaker  Z, 
If  Fig.  4  is  used  in  any  con- 
figuration, then  Ra  should 
be  600  to  620  Ohms  to 
match  the  tone  preamp's 
output  impedance.  There 
was  no  PC  layout  with  the 
original  on  this  one  either, 
so  I  have  included  mine  as 
Fig,  6.  Fig.  6  also  has  the 
tone  oscillator  on  it,  since 
one  feeds  the  other  any- 
way, and  that  makes  one 
less  wire  for  you  to  hook  up. 

The  modifications  did 
not  come  about  from 
Lloyd's  circuit  not  work- 
ing— itdoes.  I  simplycould 


not  locate  quickly  enough 
the  HEP  320  SCR  he  used  to 
latch  things  on  after  the 
tone  is  decoded.  My  substi- 
tutes were  not  reliable 
enough,  and  while  mum- 
bling something  about  lo- 
cal parts  suppliers'  rela- 
tionships to  the  old  44eg- 
ged  Army  pack  transporta- 
tion, I  decided  I  needed  one 
more  feature  not  provided 
for  in  his  original  circuit 
Even  had  I  gotten  every- 
thing working  up  to  here,  I 
had  overlooked  one  small 
detail  in  the  NWS  signal  for- 
mat and  schedule. 

Remember,  I  wanted 
total  hands-off  operation 
until  the  real  tone  alert 
brought  things  up.  Weil,  as 
an  added  service  to  the 
schools  and  other  NWS  us- 
ers, NWS  also  sends  out  a 
test  tone  callup  every  morn- 
ing around  10  or  11  o'clock! 
That  meant  my  perfect  sys- 
tem would  come  on  every 
morning  and  "serenade" 
my  wife  for  8  solid  hours 
until  I  got  home  around  6 
prtL  You  know  by  now,  that 
even  if  she  unplugged  it,  it 
would  harp  on  and  on. 
Since  I  don't  wear  a  hat,  my 
head  goes  in  the  door  first, 
and  I  have  grown  rather 
fond  of  it  staying  attached 
to  the  rest  of  my  body. 
'Nuff  said! 


Building  It  My  Way 

Instead  of  the  SCR  to 
latch  the  system  on,  I  have 
used  another  555  IC  set  for 
about  2  minutes,  l  used 
another  of  the  3/4-unused 
gates  in  the  4001  to  invert 
the  original  high-going  SCR 
turn-on  pulse  to  a  low-going 
555  trigger  pulse.  Now  the 
monitor  comes  on  for 
about  2  minutes.  If  any- 
thing interesting  is  going  on, 
I  can  throw  the  switch  from 
alert  to  NWS-ON  and  listen 
for  any  period  of  time, 
returning  it  to  alert  when  I 
have  finished,  This  way, 
even  the  test  alerts  only 
bring  the  monitor  on  for  2 
minutes,  and  that  I  deemed 
tolerable.  My  head  was  safe 
again! 


108     73  Magazine  *  April,  1982 


As  for  the  further  "see 
text"  items  indicated  by  *, 
Re  can  be  from  10k  to  1M 
and  still  trigger  the  555  and 
not  injure  the  trigger  input- 
It  is  a  safety  device  to  pro- 
tect the  555  trigger  input 
from  attaching  directly  to 
the  +V  rail  when  high,  as 
the  CMOS  4001  device 
would  allow  it  to  do.  Keep 
going  up  to  1M  (or  it  quits 
triggering),  cut  that  value  in 
half,  and  you  should  be  in 
fine  shape  from  both  safety 
and  reliability  standpoints, 

Ca  can  be  about  the  origi- 
nal 0.1  uF/30  V,  and  Rb 
should  start  at  the  original 
470  point  Rb  and  Ca  filter 
out  the  little  glitch  that  oc- 
curs when  the  567  tone 
decoder  output  goes  low  on 
tone,  That  low  causes  the 
555  anti-falsing  device  out- 
put to  go  high,  but  not  im- 
mediately. That  instant  that 
the  567  and  555  outputs  are 
both  low  would  make  gate 
1  output  high,  gate  2  output 
(inverter)  low,  and  falsely 
trigger  the  last  latch  555 
on  — a  no-no.  As  long  as  the 
filter  is  big  enough  to  stop 
that  false  triggering  and  not 
exceed  the  total  normal 
tone  duration,  it  will  do<  It  is 
not  critical,  so  try  what  you 
have. 

Testing—  The  Tone- 
Oscillator  Function 

The  tone  oscillator  is  also 
borrowed,  straight  from  a 
National  Semiconductor 
Data  Manual,  June,  1973, 
for  a  566  tone-oscillator  IC 
The  PC  layout  is  mine  and  is 
just  added  onto  the  input 
end  of  the  decoder  board, 
Fig,  6,  as  that's  where  its 
output  goes,  anyway,  It  is 
turned  on  by  turning  the 
voltage  on  and  off,  either 
by  manual  test  by  pushing 
the  switch  (Tone  Alert  Test, 
S3,  Fig.  1),  or  by  the  K1c 
relay  contact  to  alert  you  of 
an  ac  line  failure.  The 
switch,  S2,  between  K1c 
and  the  tone  oscillator 
merely  lets  you  include  the 
loss-of-mains  feature,  but 
not  always  use  it  if  you  so 


RF 


IT\   T  T        ^T 


CI4 


RC 


RO 


CB 


IC4 


DA 


T* 


€C 


RV 

R 

RG 


R 

Z 


Fig.  10.  PC  board  layout  for  audio  interface. 


SPKR 


out 


*  z 

S3/KIC  X  Z 

Fig.  9.  Component  location  for  tone  decoder/tone  oscillator  board. 


desire.  Don't  let  the  voltage 
on/off  control  of  the  oscilla- 
tor scare  you.  Under  normal 
circumstances  it  is  not  good 
practice,  but  it  allows 
easier  control  switching 
here.  The  monitor  tone  de- 
coder needs  15  or  so  sec- 
onds to  respond,  and  the 
oscillator  will  settle  down 
to  its  1050-Hz  output  in 
much  less  than  that, 

Interface  — Making 
What  You  Have  Work 

Fig.  4  is  a  2-channel  audio 
circuit  and  Fig.  6  is  a  PC 
layout  for  same.  It  too  is 
"borrowed"  from  a  friend 
at  work,  but  it  is  pretty 
much  two  data-book  cir- 
cuits on  a  single  PC  board, 
The  original  intent  was  to 
build  up  the  audio  from  a 
High-Z  source,  like  a  one-IC 
FM  demodulator.  One 
channel  (the  741 C)  builds  it 
up  from  50  mV  to  500  mV 
with  a  600-Ohm  impedance 
to  drive  a  modulator  like 
that  used  in  a  video  tape  or 
games  unit.  The  second 
channel  (LM380)  builds  the 
power  level  up  to  2  to  3 
Watts  to  drive  a  speaker.  It 
was  ideal  for  my  purpose, 
and  by  a  minor  PC  board 
change  to  divide  the  +12-V 
dc  feedpoint  into  two 
points,  it  is  perfect.  The 
+  12  V  dc  must  go  from 
power  source  (x)  to  the  (x) 
of  the  audio  board  directly, 
so  the  tone  amp  is  always 
on  and  working  (741 C).  To 
silence  the  audio  output 
without  having  to  resort  to 
things  like  breaking  the  pos- 
hi  lead  of  the  speaker  with  a 
relay  (see  Fig,  3,  Configura- 
tion 1,  relay  K2),  the  +12  V 


6.2 


Fig.  11.  Component  location  for  audio  interface  board. 


dc  to  the  audio  amp  (380)  is 
broken  instead.  This  is  done 
by  connecting  power  source 
(x)  to  audio  board  (R).  lust 
when  and  how  this  is  done 
is  covered  in  the  Configura- 
tions section  and  Fig.  3; 

Configurations  — 
Endless  Ideas 

Obviously,  there  are 
many  ways  to  attack  the 
problem  once  past  the 
highly  recommended  Fig,  1 
power  source.  The  first  step 
is  what  you  are  going  to  use 
to   get  the  VHF    down   to 


audio— the  monitor  radio 
part.  I  have  a  few  tips  on 
that  part  that  can  save 
bucks. 

First,  don't  overlook 
where  you  are  and  where 
the  station  is.  A  nearby  sta- 
tion does  not  take  a  $300 
receiver  sensitivity  to  hear 
it.  Even  if  you  are  a  bit  out 
from  the  station,  don't  over- 
look using  "cropped-down" 
channel  2  through  6  VHF 
TV  antennas  of  the  dis- 
count store  variety  or  a 
cropped-down  broadcast 
FM   or  even   2m   antenna. 

73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     109 


ALIGNMENT  and  ADJUSTMENT 

the  power  supply  in  Fig.  1.  With  no  battery  attached, 
adjust  R2  for  the  floating  voltage  of  13,5  Vdc  (2.25  voits/cell  x 
6  cells  =  13,5  volts}.  Next,  adjust  the  full-charge  voltage  by 
jumpering  point  A  to  the  emitter  of  Q3  and  adjusting  R3  for  an 
output  voltage  of  14.4  V  dc  (2,4  volts/cell  x  6  cells  =  14.4  V, 

The  current  limit  control,  R  4,  is  a  little  more  difficult  to  set.  I 
set  the  control  to  full  counterclockwise,  then  connected  the 
battery,  with  an  ammeter  in  series  with  the  battery,  to  the 
charger  A  partially  discharged  Gel/Cell  will  draw  in  excess  of 
the  maximum  allowable  charge  current  from  an  unregulated 
supply,  so  all  you  need  to  do  is  turn  the  limit  control  until  the 
meter  indicates  700  mA, 

The  charger  is  ready  for  service.  Connect  the  Gel/Cell  and 
watch  the  lights.  The  yellow  LED  Indicates  the  battery  is 
charging,  if  the  red  LED  also  is  on,  you  know  that  the  charger 
is  limiting  and  you  can  expect  the  terminal  voltage  to  be 
below  14.4  volts.  As  the  fully-charged  condition  nears,  the  red 
LED  will  go  out  and  the  voltage  will  reach  14.4  volts.  When  full 
charge  is  reached  (charge  current  below  100  mA),  the  yellow 
LED  will  go  out  as  the  green  one  comes  on. 

No  alignment  or  adjustment  is  required  for  the  audio  inter- 
face in  Fig.  4  beyond  setting  the  user  (panel-mounted)  volume 
control  for  the  volume  level  you  want. 

See  Fig.  7,  the  tone  decoder.  For  testing,  start  with  the  IGs 
out  and  the  circuit  not  connected  to  the  receiver 

Install  ICt  in  its  socket  and  connect  a  dc  voltmeter  between 
pin  8  and  ground  (positive  side  to  pin  8)+  Turn  on  the  dc  power 
and  note  that  the  voltmeter  indicates  close  to  the  supply  volt^ 
age.  Connect  an  audio  signal  generator  ground  to  the  circuit 
ground  and  the  hot  side  to  the  W  terminal  of  TSt  With  the 
relay  de-energized,  IC1s  input  should  now  have  a  signal. 

Set  the  signal  generator  as  close  as  possible  to  1050  Hz. 
Adjust  R2  until  the  voltmeter  reading  drops  to  near  zero,  in- 
dicating  that  IG1  is  decoding.  Remove  the  signal  generator 
and  the  voltmeter  should  go  back  to  the  supply  voltage 
reading.  Perform  this  step  several  times  to  make  sure  that  ICt 
is  operating  with  each  application  of  1050  Hz.  Turn  off  the 
audio  generator  and  the  dc  power. 

Remove  tC1  from  its  socket  and  install  IC2  in  its  socket. 
Connect  the  dc  voltmeter  between  pin  3  of  IC2  and  ground. 
Turn  on  the  dc  power.  Connect  a  jumper  to  circuit  ground  and 
touch  the  other  end  to  pin  2  of  IC2.  Note  that  the  voltmeter 
reading  is  the  supply  voltage.  After  about  10  seconds,  the  volt- 
meter  should  drop  back  to  near  zero,  indicating  that  i€2  has 
timed  out.  It  the  timing  is  too  short,  increase  the  value  of  R5. 
Conversely,  if  it  is  too  long,  reduce  the  value  of  R5.  Check  the 
timing  cycle  several  times  to  make  sure  it  is  in  a  range  of  7  to 
14  seconds.  Turn  off  the  power  supply  and  remove  the  jumper. 

Remove  IG2  from  rts  socket  and  install  IC3  in  its  socket. 
Connect  one  end  of  a  jumper  to  circuit  ground  and  the  other 
end  to  pins  1  and  2  of  fC3  simultaneously.  Relay  K1  should 
close  and  lock  in,  Wait  for  14  time-out,  and  note  that  the  relay 
opens.  Repeat  this  operation,  ending  with  the  relay  closed. 
Remove  the  jumper  and  connect  it  between  the  supply  and 
either  pin  1  or  2  of  IC3^  Remove  the  jumper  and  the  dc  supply, 

Once  all  tests  have  been  made,,  install  all  of  the  ICs.  Apply 
the  dc  supply  and  put  the  1050-Hz  signal  from  the  audio 
generator  on  the  input.  After  IC2  has  timed  out,  the  relay 
should  close.  Remove  the  signal  input,  depress  S1.  and  the 
relay  should  open  and  remain  open.  The  circuit  is  now  ready 
for  installation.  Note:  The  tone  oscillator  if  built  and  frequen- 
cy-checked for  1050  Hz  can  be  used  as  an  audio  generator. 

The  tone  oscillator  in  Fig,  8  requires  only  one  adjustment  to 
align  the  frequency  adjustment  pot  for  a  1050-Hz  output  at  TP 
(square  wave)  or  W  (triangle  wave).  Adjust  Rt  for  50  to  60  mV 
p-p  signal  at  W,  or  wait  and  adjust  Rl  for  consistent  tone-alert 
operation  when  the  decoder  is  finished  and  aligned  (see  Fig.  7 
alignment  and  adjustment  information). 


They  will  be  fixed-mounted 
and  can  even  be  in  the  attic 
if  you  are  not  in  an  alumi- 
num-siding-covered   house. 

The  station  won't  move  on 
you,  I  promise,  so  there's  no 
fuss  with  rotors.  Even  the 
"cheapie"  monitor  radio 
sounds  fine  on  a  good  out- 
side antenna  instead  of  its 
telescoping  delight  but  try 
the  whip  first— it's  free  with 
the  radio  and  might  amaze 
you. 

As  an  example,  on  the 
Weather-cube  from  Radio 
Shack  that  I  had  and  tried 
first,  indoors  and  on  the 
whip  it  sounded  OK,  but 
some  days  it  was  noisy  and 
some  days  my  tone  feature 
was  marginal.  That  you 
don't  ever  want,  so  just  for 
kicks  I  lashed  it  up  to  my 
11-element  2m  antenna- 
unmodified— and  the  dif- 
ference was  astounding  no 
matter  where  the  antenna 
was  pointed!  Not  only  per- 
fect local  copy,  but  the 
same  on  another  channel 
from  Chicago  250+  miles 
away.  I  merely  took  a 
panel-mount  screw-in  type 
UHF  connector  to  match 
the  plug  on  my  2m  lead-in 
with  RG-8,  soldered  a  piece 
of  #22  insulated  wire  to  the 
center  pin,  wrapped  8  turns 
(arbitrary)  around  the  base 
of  the  collapsed  whip  (top 
of  radio),  and  then  soldered 
the  remaining  end  to  the 
ground  side  of  the  UHF 
female.  Connect  the  male 
from  the  antenna  and 
votla  — signal  Nothing  fan- 
cy, nothing  resonant,  per- 
fect copy.  Proves  if  you  got 
it— try  it. 

In  all  the  configurations  I 
show  in  Fig-  3,  1  run  the 
radio  off  the  power  source 
of  Fig.  1 .  In  some,  that  takes 
a  dropping  resistor  in  the  + 
lead  to  the  radio  to  drop  the 
power  source  +12  V  dc 
down  to  the  required  radio 
voltage.  Most  pocket  and 
portable  radios  of  this 
weather  type  run  off  a 
+  9-V  dc  transistor  radio 
battery.  The  resistor  will  be 
Ohms  =  3  volts  divided  by 
the  radio  current  in  Amps. 


Wattage  of  the  resistor  is  3 
volts  times  the  radio  cur- 
rent in  Amps.  Simple  Ohm's 
law.  Why,  even  the  appli- 
ance operators  should  not 
fear  this  project 

I  have  shown  some  vari- 
ous configurations  I  have 
tried  and  listed  some  possi- 
ble uses  using  these  lash- 
ups.  The  possibilities  are  as 
endless  as  your  imagination 
and  time.  The  examples  are 
specific,  but  let  me  gener- 
alize a  bit 

Configuration  1  —This 
was  the  original  idea:  any 
low-Z  speaker  output 
below  about  3  Watts,  a 
radio  needing  about  1/2 
Amp  or  less  of  +12  V  dc  or 
less,  and  you're  in! 

Configuration    2  — For 

radios  that  already  have  a 
tone-alert  feature,  but  you 
still  tike  the  standby  battery 
idea 

Configuration  3  — Use 
the  idea  with  a  scanner  or 
monitor  and  decode  only 
net  or  special  calls  to  be 
tone  type  (RTTY?). 

Configuration  4  — Use  a 
retuned  FM  tuner,  hamfest 
salvage  monitor  boards,  or 
1-to-4-crystal  older  monitor 
boards.  Buy  one  crys- 
tal—be weather  safe!  I 
have  seen  several  of  these 
older  monitor  boards  show- 
ing up  around  the  hamfests 
(Dayton  and  Indy  so  far)  for 
$10  or  less. 

Configuration  5  — Same 
as  idea  3  using  monitor  or 
scanner- 
Configuration  6  — Use 
the  time  tones  of  WWV 
with  an  inexpensive  Time- 
cubeTM  from  Radio  Shack. 
Retune  the  decoder  board 
to  work  on  the  WWV  tones 
you  want.  Use  for  contests, 
10-minute  reminder,  etc. 

Configuration  7  — Use 
the  idea  with  a  converted 
11m  CB-radio  board  from 
one  of  the  flyers  (Olson)  for 
use  as  a  local  net  or  rag* 
chew  call-up  on  10m.  The 
audio  outputs  are  usually 
missing  off  these  (use  Fig. 
4),  and  the  transmitter  you 
don't  care  about  for  a 
monitor! 


110     73 Magazine  •  April,  1982 


ITS  INCREDIBLE 


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For  instance,  the  letter  D  is 
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73Magaztne  •  April,  1982     111 


DOLLAR  SAVER/SPACE  SAVER 

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obligation,  


Configuration  8  — Similar 
to  7,  only  unconverted  CB 
to  monitor  CB  for  REACT 
channel  9,  weather,  emer- 
gencies. 

Configuration  9—1  did 
not  show  a  Configuration  9, 
but  don't  over  look  the 
possibilities  in  any  of  the 
configurations  of  added 
poles  on  the  relays  if  need- 
ed to  switch  in  a  tape  re- 
corder  on  those  tone  call- 
ups  to  record  a  message 
while  you  are  out.  You  get  a 
tone  call  and  the  caller 
leaves  a  message— a  nice 
feature!  The  recorder  can 
run  off  the  power  source 
just  like  the  radio  with  an 
appropriate  dropping  resis- 
tor. 


Summary 

For  the  time  and  money 
involved,  I  doubt  you  could 
spend  a  more  rewarding 
weekend  of  effort.  If  I  were 
starting  from  scratch  right 
now  and  had  nothing,  I 
would  probably  go  the  Fig. 


1  route  just  for  sheer  sim- 
plicity and  lack  of  cost  The 
ac  power/dc  backup  is  a 
must.  Then  go  with  Fig,  3, 
Configuration  1.  The  Radio 
Shack  "CUBE"  is  a  nice  lit- 
tle performer  for  under  $20, 
and  it's  much  less  on  sale.  I 
have  included  an  Align- 
ment and  Adjustment  sec- 
tion {see  box),  and  most  of 
these  notes  are  taken  right 
from  the  original  authors' 
information,  I  have  tried 
them  all,  and  they  work,  so  I 
decided  to  pass  them  along 
unchanged.  All  are  of  the 
nature  that  once  done  cor- 
rectly, you  can  forget  them 
and  just  enjoy  the  results.  I 
have  not  noticed  any  drift- 
type  problems  or  anything 
that  would  cause  a  problem 
when  you  are  counting  on 
the  monitor  to  be  working. 
A  very  reliable  device  in- 
deed is  what  it  turned  out  to 
be.  May  your  marriage  of 
components  and  parts  be  as 
happy  and  long  lived  as 
mine! 


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INSTITUTIONAL  AND  DEALER  INQUIRIES  INVITED.  ^^ 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     113 


Wayne  Green  Books 


A  COURSE 

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Annotated  BASIC— A  New  Technique  for  Neophytes. 

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114     73Magazine  *  ApriU982 


Better  by  the  dozen. 


NEVER  SAY  DIE-ifvoU want 

controversy,  Wayne  Green  W2NSD/1  will 
give  it  to  you.  His  popular  column  ranges 
from  travelogue  to  tirade  and  is  guaran- 
teed to  entertain,  inspire  and  enlighten  you. 


DX  —  This  glove-trotting  column  keeps 
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CONTESTS     You    get    all 

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FCC  — If  you're  looking  to  the  future, 
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chronicle  changes  in  policy  and  regula- 
tions that  relate  to  amateur  radio. 


RTTY     LOOP-To    keep    you 

abreast  of  radioteletype  developments, 
Marc  Leavey  WA3AJR  explains  the  new 
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computers  in  RTTY,  and  other  matters  of  interest  to 

digital  communications  fans. 


10. 
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HAM  HELP  — As  a  service  to  you, 
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SATELLITES-From  Phase  III  to 

TVRO;  73  Magazine  covers  the  news  of 
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amateur  magazine. 

NEW  PRODUCTS-ihis 

brief  loqk  at  the  latest  ham  equipment 
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AWARDS-To  find  out  what 
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CONSTRUCTION 

The   builder's 
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116    73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


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73Magazine  •  April,  1982     117 


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REVIEW 


THE  MICflOLOG  ACT-1 
RTTY/CW  TERMINAL 

At  first  glance,  the  Microlog 
ACT-1  bears  a  close  resem- 
blance to  many  other  keyboards 
offered  to  the  amateur  RTTY 
and  CW  enthusiast.  There's  a 
keyboard,  a  couple  of  switches 
and  an  LED  on  top,  and  a  bank 
of  connectors  on  the  rear  panel. 
Unassuming?  Perhaps,  but  in 
reality  the  ACT-1  serves  as  a 
firm  reminder  thai  appearances 
can  be  misreading. 

The  Features 

The  ACT-1  is  a  completely 
self-contained  unit  capable  of 
sending  and  receiving  MorseT 
Baudot,  and  ASCII  codes.  It  also 
can  send  alphanumeric  informa- 
tion in  SSTV  format.  By  "self- 
contained,**  we  mean  that  a  de- 
modulator, AFSK  generator, 
video  board,  and  printer  inter- 
face are  all  contained  inside 
the  keyboard's  cabinet.  No  oth- 
er devices  are  necessary,  and  a 
few  simple  connections  are  suf- 
ficient to  put  the  system  on 
the  air. 

All  commands  are  entered  via 
the  63-key  keyboard.  In  addition 
to  the  usual  alphanumeric  keys, 
there  are  special  keys  like  CTRL, 
KNP  AR,  SK,  and  Here  Is.  Press- 
ing  the  CTRL  or  shift  key  along 
with  one  of  the  other  keys  re- 
sults In  a  command  being  gen- 
erated. CTRL  M,  for  example, 
switches  the  unit  from  the  RTTY 
mode  to  CW-  Almost  all  com- 
mands are  entered  with  just  two 
keys.  Listing,  much  less  describ- 
ing, all  that  the  ACT-1  is  capable 


of  would  take  far  more  space 
than  is  available  here,  so  we'll 
try  to  hit  only  the  main  points. 

There  Is  a  dual-tone  demod- 
ulator and  a  single-channel 
direct  detector.  Both  demod- 
ulators  can  be  inverted  with  a 
keyboard  command.  The  dual- 
tone  demodulator  decodes  both 
mark  and  space  tones  and  has  a 
keyboard-setectable  high  or  low 
tone  setting.  The  high-tone  set* 
ting  provides  a  standard  170- Hz 
shift  with  tones  at  2125  and  2295 
Hz  and  is  preceded  by  a  sharp 
bandpass  filter.  The  low-tone 
setting  is  also  factory  set  to  170 
Hz,  but  tones  are  at  800  and  970 
Hz.  No  bandpass  filter  is  provid- 
ed for  this  section. 

If  you  find  yourself  copying  a 
lot  of  broadcast  services,  you 
can  reset  the  low  tone  pair  easi- 
ly to  a  more  useful  pair,  like 
425-Hz  shift  at  2125  and  2550. 

The  single-channel  demod- 
ulator copies  only  the  mark  fre- 
quency and  is  set  to  decode  at 
800  Hz,  which  corresponds  nice- 
ly to  the  peak  in  many  receivers' 
CW  filter.  It  generally  is  used  for 
copying  stations  which  are  us- 
ing a  shift  not  programmed  into 
either  of  the  settings  for  the 
dual-tone  demodulator. 

Ease  of  tuning  can  be  a  big 
factor  in  the  amount  of  satisfac- 
tion a  demodulator  gives.  We 
have  grown  rather  accustomed 
to  the  meter-tuning  system  used 
in  HAL,  Macrotronics,  and  other 
equipment,  so  the  single  LED 
used  for  tuning  the  ACT-1  took 
us  by  surprise.  It  works  very  well 
and  is  at  least  as  efficient  as  a 


meter.  Best  of  aiiT  there  is  a  re* 
generation  circuit  that  lets  the 
user  hear  what's  being  decoded. 
You  simply  tune  the  receiver  un* 
til  the  code  coming  from  the 
ACT-1's  speaker  sounds  right* 

Tuning  is  virtually  foolproof  in 
either  RTTY  or  CW  modes,  and 
the  regeneration  should  be  par- 
ticularly welcome  to  hams  with 
impaired  vision.  Those  of  us 
who  crave  silent  operation  will 
be  equally  pleased  to  know  that 
the  monitor  is  easily  turned  off 
by  flicking  a  switch  on  the  front 
panel  And  if  you  still  insist  on 
using  an  oscilloscope  for  tun* 
ing,  rest  assured  that  outputs 
are  provided  for  this  purpose. 

Provision  for  transmitting 
with  either  AFSK  or  FSK  is  in* 
eluded.  Like  most  manufac- 
turers, Microlog  is  partial  to  the 
AFSK  method,  and  they  advo- 
cate its  use  for  a  variety  of 
reasons  which  you  may  or  may 
not  find  compelling.  For  rugged 
individualists  who  prefer  direct 
FSK  keying,  ample  information 
on  connecting  the  ACT-1  to  a 
variety  of  transceivers  is  in- 
eluded. 

Actually,  connection  to 
everything  is  easy  and  very  well 
documented  in  the  instruction 
manual.  Much  attention  has 
been  patd  to  making  the  ACT-1 
compatible  with  virtually  every 
rig  available.  You  wonTt  have  to 
haywire  any  special  interfaces 
to  get  the  ACT-1  on  the  air. 

CW  keying  is  available  for 
both  negative-  and  positive- 
keyed  rigs.  The  maximum  nega- 
tive keydown  rating  is  -150  V  al 
50  mA.  Positive  keying  is  rated 
at  40  V  at  300  m  A. 

Rear-panel  jacks  also  are  pro- 
vided for  a  cassette  tape  re- 
corder a  40-column  serial 
printer,  and  an  external  de* 
modulator.  Video  output  is  via  a 
standard  photo  jack,  but  since 


there  is  plenty  of  room  tor  a  BNC 
connector,  I  wonder  why  one 
wasn't  used. 

There  is  true  split-screen 
operation,  allowing  the  operator 
to  see  what  he  is  typing  into  the 
buffer  while  receiving  text  on 
the  bottom  half,  The  text  buffer 
holds  up  to  1300  characters, 
which  is  certainly  respectable. 
To  help  customize  the  system  to 
particular  needs,  the  split  tine 
can  be  set  anywhere  from  none 
at  at)  to  20  lines  down. 

When  transmitting,  the  ACT-1 
can  be  set  to  send  as  soon  as  a 
character  has  been  typed  or  it 
can  wait  until  a  complete  word 
has  been  typed.  The  latter  op* 
tion  Is  convenient  because  it 
allows  you  to  catch  and  correct 
errors  before  they  go  out 

To  aid  receiving,  an  ANCW 
(anti-CW)  feature  is  included, 
which  behaves  like  the  autostart 
found  on  other  units.  When  en- 
abled, ANCW  inhibits  display  of 
non-RTTY  signals  and  is  very 
helpful  when  tuning  across  the 
band  reading  the  mail.  The 
UNOS  (unshaft  on  space)  and 
sync  options  also  behave  like 
similar  features  on  other  units. 
The  UNOS  shifts  the  ACT-1  to 
the  LTRS  mode  on  receipt  of  a 
Baudot  word  space  code*  which 
prevents  the  system  from  get- 
ting stuck  in  the  FIGS  mode  if  a 
burst  of  interference  covers  up 
the  command  to  shift,  The  sync 
simply  sends  a  blank  code 
whenever  the  system  is  in  the 
transmit  mode,  but  there  are  no 
Characters  to  transmit.  Both 
UNOS  and  sync  can  be  switched 
off  and  on  from  the  keyboard. 

Baudot  speeds  of  60,  66,  75* 
100*  and  132  words  per  minute, 
ASCII  at  110  and  300  baud,  and 
CW  at  5-199  words  per  minute 
are  available.  In  the  RTTY  mode, 
speeds  are  selected  by  typing 
CTRL  X,   entering   the  speed 


The  Microlog  ACT-1.  (Photo  by  KA1LR) 
120     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


Rear  view  of  the  ACT-h  (Photo  by  KA1LR) 


numerically,  and  then  hitting 
any  non-numeric  key.  This  Is 
fine  for  operators  who  rarely 
change  speed,  but  annoying  if 
you  are  trying  to  discover  what 
speed  a  station  is  using  by  try- 
ing every  possibility.  Perhaps  an 
option  could  be  added  to  allow 
stepping  through  the  speeds  by 
repeatedly  pressing  a  key. 

Turning  to  features  which 
some  might  term  luxuries,  there 
is  a  real-time  clock  whose  dis- 
play is  always  visible  at  the  top 
of  the  screen.  The  time  can  be 
transmitted  by  entering  a  simple 
command.  The  clock  must,  of 
course,  be  reset  every  time  the 
unit  is  turned  on,  but  Microlog 
says  that  the  ACT-1  is  designed 
for  continuous-duty  operation 
and  never  needs  to  be  turned  off. 

Memories 

While  the  ACT-1 's  array  of 
memories  is  not  as  extensive  as 
that  which  certain  microcom- 
puter interface  combination 
systems  offer,  there  is  enough 
to  satisfy  most  hams'  needs. 
There  are  two  ID  memories 
which  hold  up  to  19  characters 
each  and  ten  message  mem- 
ories holding  up  to  40  char- 
acters each.  The  message  mem- 
ories are  soft-partitioned,  so  you 
can  program  messages  longer 
than  40  characters  if  you  like.  It 
is  possible,  for  example,  to 
create  a  single  message  400 
characters  long,  but  then  there 
won't  be  room  for  any  other 
messages. 

An  eight-character  WRU 
message  allows  storage  of  a 
short  code.  When  the  CT-1 
receives  text  that  matches  the 
code  exactly,  it  automatically 
transmits  whatever  is  in  the  ID 
memory  and  then  returns  to  the 
receive  mode.  Two  selective- 
print  memories  allow  others  to 
leave  a  message  on  your  equip- 
ment while  you  are  away  from 
the  shack.  Upon  receipt  of  text 
that  matches  the  text  in  the  first 
memory,  the  printer  is  activated 
and  hard  copy  is  produced  of  ev- 
erything the  ACT-1  hears,  as- 
suming you  have  a  printer  con- 
nected, Receipt  of  text  that 
matches  the  text  in  the  second 
memory  turns  the  printer  back 
off.  Used  together,  the  WRU  and 
selective  print  feature  represent 
a  simple  but  effective  means  of 
providing  unattended  operation. 

While  not  quite  as  convenient 
as  on-board  memory,  a  reliable 
interface  is  provided  which 
allows  information  to  be  stored 
on  a  cassette  tape  recorder  and 


Inside  the  ACT-1,  (Photo  by  KA1LR) 


played  back  at  will.  You  can 
record  and  play  back  messages 
entered  from  the  keyboard  or 
copied  off  the  air  Finally,  thre 
are  two  preprogrammed  mes- 
sages. One  sends  an  RYRY  se- 
ries and  the  other  sends  every 
letter  of  the  alphabet  in  "quick 
brown  fox. , ."  form. 

In  Use 

Once  you  have  everything 
figured  out  (it  took  us  a  whole 
day!),  youll  find  that  the  ACT-1 
is  a  powerful  tool  You'll  find 
yourself  referring  to  the  manual 
quite  often,  and  it  is  herethat  we 
must  voice  a  small  complaint. 
The  instruction  manual  is  one  of 
the  best  we've  seen  at  describ- 
ing the  steps  necessary  for  in- 
terfacing the  unit  to  the  rest  of 
the  station,  but  the  organization 
of  the  how-to-use-it  material 
couid  stand  some  improvement. 
Even  the  inclusion  of  a  prompt 
card  to  be  kept  on  the  operating 
tabic  could  make  a  big  differ- 
ence. With  so  many  commands 
that  don't  always  use  mnemonic 
devices  to  aid  memory,  a  prompt 
card  is  a  must. 

Some  basic  information  for 
beginning  RTTY  operators  also 
is  needed.  The  manual  suggests 
that  beginners  get  one  of  the 
"RTTY-primer  handbooks/' 
Since  dealers'  shelves  aren't  ex- 
actly overflowing  with  RTTY 
books,  this  advice  isn't  much 
heip  to  the  guy  who  just  got  his 
ACT-1  and  wants  to  put  it  on  the 
air  right  away.  A  short  section 
on  RTTY  operating  procedures 
really  is  needed. 

We  may  complain  about  the 
manual,  but  we  can't  fault  the 
ACT-1  's  performance.  Using  it  is 
sheer,  unadulterated  pleasure! 
As  far  as  we're  concerned,  the 
most  important  aspect  of  a  self- 
contained  unit  is  its  demod- 
ulator,  and   we've  seen  some 


pretty  horrible  ones.  Any  reser- 
vations we  may  have  had  were 
quickly  put  aside  as  we  watched 
the  Sanyo  monitor  display  per- 
fect copy  from  an  S-nothing 
signal  buried  under  SSB  splat- 
ter, CWj  and  a  couple  of  other 
RTTY  stations.  A  remarkable 
performance.  We  also  enjoyed 
the  variety  of  shifts  that  can  be 
copied  easily.  Broadcast  moni- 
toring is  great  sport,  and  if  you 
have  a  general-coverage 
receiver,  you'll  want  to  retune 
the  second  filter  to  425  Hz  im- 
mediately. 

Operation  in  the  RTTY  mode 
was  trouble-free  and  straightfor- 
ward, CW  operation  is  as  good 
as  anything  else  we've 
used — perfect  copy  from  ma- 
chine-sent code,  not-so-perfect 
copy  from  the  straight  key  and 
bug  contingent. 

Conclusions 

Even  if  youVe  already  decid- 
ed to  use  a  computer  and  inter- 
face combination  for  RTTY,  the 
ACT-1  deserves  careful  con- 
sideration. The  ACT-1  f  which 
has  a  suggested  price  of  $995, 
has  everything  even  a  serious 


operator  could  ask  for.  Because 
It  Is  self-contained,  it  takes  up 
very  iittle  room  on  the  operating 
desk.  And  even  if  you  are  plan- 
ning to  get  a  computer,  a  unit 
like  the  ACT-1  can  free  it  for 
more  important  tasks. 

For  more  information,  con- 
tact Microlog  Corporation,  4 
Professional  Drive,  Suite  119, 
Gaithersburg  MD  20879.  Reader 
Service  number  485. 

Paul  Grupp  KA1LR/4 
Cassel berry  FL 

THE  MFJ-312 
VHF  CONVERTER 

Most  of  us  have  wondered  at 
one  time  or  another  just  what 
takes  place  on  our  VHF  public 
service  bands.  The  scream  of  a 
squad  car's  siren,  a  black  col- 
umn of  smoke  on  the  horizon, 
or  a  threatening  weather  front 
in  the  southwest  have  given 
many  a  ham  an  urge  to  plunk 
down  hard  cash  for  a  synthe- 
sized public  service  band 
receiver.  If  the  spirit  is  willing 
but  the  pocketbook  is  not,  take 
courage.  MFJ  has  a  clever  new 
converter  that  allows  a  stan- 
dard two-meter  receiver  to 
serve  as  a  receiver  for  that 
band. 

In  most  installations,  the 
palm-sized  MFJ-312  connects 
to  a  12-V-dc  power  source  and  a 
two-meter  antenna  and 
transceiver.  The  converter 
covers  the  160-164-MHz  and 
154-158-MHz  bands,  allowing 
access  to  police,  fire,  and 
NOAA  weather  transmissions 
in  most  areas. 

There  are  only  two  switches 
and  an  LED  on  the  front  panel. 
The  left-hand  switch  selects 
one  of  the  two  bands.  The  other 
switches  the  box  in  and  out  of 
the  antenna  line  and  also  turns 
the  power  on  and  off, 


The  MFJ-312,  (Photo  by  KA1LR) 

73 Magazine  •  April,  1982 


121 


To  listen,  you  merely  turn  the 
converter  on  and  tune  the  two- 
meter  receiver  as  you  would 
normally.  In  the  150-154-MHz 
band,  you  set  the  receiver  to  ex- 
actly 10  MHz  below  the  desired 
frequency.  Thus,  154.20  would 
be  heard  with  the  receiver  set  to 
144.20,  and  151.335  would  be 
found  at  141.335  on  your  rig's 
dial.  In  the  160-164-MHz  band, 
it's  a  little  more  challeng- 
ing—you  must  set  the  receiver 
16  MHz  below  desired  range. 
Since  the  activity  in  this  band  is 
generally  limited  to  a  single 
NOAA  weather  station,  there 
isn't  much  of  a  problem. 

In  Use 

The  MFJ-312  performs  like  a 
champ.  Most  listeners  won't 
guess  that  a  converter/receiver 
combination  is  being  used  un- 
less you  tell  them.  The  MOSFET 
mixer  and  rf  amplifier  are  un- 
doubtedly responsible  for  the 
clean,  image-free  reception,  As 
can  be  expected,  there  is  a 
slight  increase  in  noise  level 
when  the  converter  is  switched 
on,  but  the  level  never  reaches 
objectionable  proportions. 

I  never  tried  an  antenna  cut 
to  154  MHz,  but  I  suspect  that 
using  one  might  result  in  an 
even  better  performance  than  I 
experienced  using  antennas 
designed  for  two  meters.  For 
most  purposes,  a  two-meter 
mobile  or  base  antenna  will  be 
more  than  adequate. 

I  had  a  hard  time  deciding 
whether  to  keep  the  converter 
in  the  house  or  permanently  in- 
stalled in  my  car.  If  you  con- 
template mobile  operations, 
you  should  be  aware  that  some 
states  and  municipalities  take 
a  dim  view  of  anyone  in  a  vehi- 
cle monitoring  the  local  gen* 
darmes.  And  even  if  such  activi- 
ty is  perfectly  legal  in  your  area, 
it's  healthiest  to  mount  the  con- 
verter inconspicuously.  Don't 
say  I  didn't  warn  you. 

Of  course,  to  make  the  most 
of  this  converter,  you  need  a 
synthesized  transceiver.  So 
much  the  better  if  you  have  one 
with  a  lot  of  memories.  It's 
often  necessary  to  bounce  be- 
tween two  frequencies  to  hear 
both  sides  of  a  conversation,  so 
scanning  is  helpful,  too.  I  used 
the  converter  for  several 
months  with  a  KDK  transceiver 
that  has  two  banks  of  five 
memories.  I  used  one  bank  to 
store  public  service  frequen- 
cies and  the  other  for  two- 
meter  repeaters.  Kenwood, 
Azden,  YaesuT  and  others  also 

122     73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


The  MFJ-312  with  top  cover  removed.  (Photo  by  KA1LR) 


make  transceivers  whose  scan- 
ning capabilities  and  large 
number  of  memories  make 
them  ideal  for  use  with  the  312. 

An  interesting  feature  is  the 
feedthrough  of  two-meter 
signals  when  the  converter  is 
switched  on.  Tm  not  sure 
whether  this  was  really  intend- 
ed or  not,  but  MFJ  makes  the 
best  of  it  and  suggests  that  you 
program  repeater  frequencies 
amidst  the  police  ones  and 
listen  to  both  even  though  the 
converter  is  switched  on.  Al- 
though signals  in  the  two-meter 
band  are  heard  with  signifi- 
cantly reduced  sensitivity  in 
this  mode,  strong  signals  come 
through  loud  and  clear.  This  Is 
especially  useful  for  those  of 
us  who  feel  obligated  to  keep 
an  ear  open  for  activity  on  a  cer- 
tain repeater  but  don't  want  to 
be  switching  the  converter  on 
and  off  all  the  time. 

This  brings  up  the  certainty 
of  accidentally  transmitting  in- 
to the  device  when  it's  turned 
on.  MFJ  says  that  the  converter 
is  protected  against  accidental 
transmissions  at  power  levels 
up  to  25  Watts,  but  warns  that 
this  sort  of  abuse  might  be  hard 
on  the  transmitter's  finals.  For 
what  it's  worth,  we  pumped  40 
Watts  into  the  MFJ-312  for  sev- 
eral seconds  on  many  occa- 
sions, and  neither  the  transmit- 
ter nor  the  converter  com- 
plained. 

The  purists  among  you  are 
probably  wondering  what  ef- 
fect if  any  the  converter  has  on 
two-meter  operations  when  it's 
not  in  use.  Theoretically,  It 
should  have  none,  since  it 
passes  the  signal  straight 
through  when  it  is  switched 
out.  We  noted,  however,  a 
slight  increase  in  swr  and  a  cor- 
responding decrease  in  receiv- 
er sensitivity.  Emphasis  must 


be  placed  on  the  word  slight.  In 
most  areas,  the  loss  either 
coming  or  going  might  not  even 
be  noticed.  In  areas  where 
signals  are  often  less  than  fuH- 
quieting  and  you  need  to 
squeeze  every  last  dB  out  of 
your  system,  you  should  make 
provisions  for  switching  the 
converter  out  of  the  circuit 
when  it's  not  in  use. 

Conclusions 

The  MFJ-312  greatly  expands 
one's  listening  horizons  at  the 
very  attractive  price  of  $59.95. 
Using  a  two-meter  rig  as  the  i-f 
stage  makes  good  sense  eco- 
nomically for  a  ham  already 
equipped  with  a  digital  wonder- 
radio.  If  you  find  you  enjoy 
public  service  listening,  the 
converter  will  be  one  of  most 
useful  pieces  of  radio  equip- 
ment to  be  had  at  such  a  low 
price.  And  if  you  decide  that  it's 
really  not  your  cup  of  tea  after 
all,  you'll  have  the  satisfaction 
of  knowing  you  found  out  with- 
out blowing  a  week's  pay  for  a 
scanner! 

For  more  information,  con- 
tact MFJ  Enterprises,  PO  Box 
494f  Mississippi  State  MS 
39762.  Reader  Service  number 
484. 

PaulGruppKA1LR/4 
Casselberry  FL 

EMC  GROUNDING  BRAID 

The  Eledric  Motion  Company 
of  Winsted,  Connecticut,  has  in- 
troduced a  product  to  end  hams* 
grounding  woes.  Their  flexible 
copper  braid  is  equivalent  to  #6 
AWG(!)  and  is  well-tinned  to 
reduce  corrosion.  It  appears  to 
provide  about  2.5  times  the  con- 
ductor area  of  RG-8/U  braid 
traditionally  used  for  grounding. 
Best  of  all,  it  is  supplied  in  25- 
and  50-foot   coils,   banishing 


forever  the  dubious  privilege  of 
stripping  braid  from  coax. 

In  Use 

We  have  had  the  opportunity 
to  install  EMCs  product  in 
several  shacks  and  in  each  case 
were  impressed  with  the  ma- 
terial. The  braid  should  be 
brought  into  the  shack  from  a 
good  grounding  point,  with  at- 
tention paid  to  keeping  its 
length  as  short  as  possible.  The 
braid  can  be  run  either  behind 
the  equipment  desk,  with  sep- 
arate pieces  attached  to  each 
piece  of  gear,  or  to  a  central 
grounding  point  to  which  all 
equipment  is  connected.  Both 
methods  seem  to  work  satisfac- 
torily. Care  should  be  taken  to 
ground  everything  in  your  sys- 
tem: keyer,  clock,  amplifiers, 
low-pass  filters,  power  supplies, 
the  works.  We  used  short  pieces 
of  braid  for  this  purpose  and 
were  pieased  with  how  easy  it  is 
to  cut  and  handle. 

We  encountered  some  prob- 
lems in  making  connections  to 
the  braid  due  to  its  formidable 
size  and  the  poor  connnection 
points  provided  on  many  pieces 
of  radio  equipment.  One  high- 
power  amplifier  from  a  promi- 
nent manufacturer  appears  to 
have  no  ground  point  at  all!  A 
low-pass  filter  we  use  also  has 
no  ground  connection  point, 
although  the  instruction  sheet 
supplied  with  it  emphasizes  the 
importance  of  providing  it  with  a 
good  ground.  Some  manufactur- 
ers provide  their  gear  with  the 
so-called  five-way  binding  post, 
which  is  suitable  only  for  rela- 
tively small-diameter  wire  (inad- 
equate for  rf  grounding).  In 
these  and  similar  cases  (assum- 
ing the  chassis  is  supposed  to 
be  at  ground),  you  should  drill  a 
hole  in  the  chassis  and  fit  it  out 
with  a  hefty  connection  point 
and  a  couple  of  large  washers. 

Because  of  the  braid's  size, 
soldering  to  it  can  be  difficult.  It 
serves  as  a  very  long  heat  sink! 
Our  300-Watt  iron  clearly  was 
not  equal  to  the  task,  You'll 
either  need  to  make  purely  me- 
chanical connections  using 
nuts  and  bolts  or  round  up  a 
more  formidable  source  of  heat 
than  the  one  we  tried! 

Conclusions 

While  there  undoubtedly  has 
been  suitable  braid  commercial- 
ly available  somewhere  before, 
it  is  encouraging  to  see  a  manu- 
facturer making  it  available 
directly  to  the  amateur  market. 


For  those  who  insist  on  having  a 
shack  that  they  know  is  set  up 
properly,  the  EMC  braid  is  a 
must.  There  is  simply  no  longer 
any  excuse  for  rf  burns  or  TVI 
caused  by  poor  connection  to 
ground!  The  material  should 
also  be  useful  for  bonding  auto- 
mobile body  and  chassis  com- 
ponents together  to  reduce  RFI. 
For  more  information,  con- 
tact the  Electric  Motion  Com- 
pany, tnc.t  100  Whiting  Street, 
PO  Box  626,  Winsted  CT  06098. 
Reader  Service  number  483. 

PaulGrupp  KA1LR/4 
Casselberry  FL 

TALK  MAN  C900 
PORTABLE  TRANSCEIVER 

Exasperated!  ft's  easy  to  feel 
that  way  when  confronted  with 
some  of  the  gadgets  produced 
in  the  name  of  progress  by  the 
personal  communications  in- 
dustry. From  glow-in-the-dark 
CB  antennas  (you  don't  have 
one,  do  you?)  to  Bone  Fones, 
there  have  been  some  real 
weirdos.  Maybe  this  helps  to  ex- 
plain why  I  took  such  delight  in 
the  Talkman  Model  C900,  the 
latest  In  communications  gad- 
getry  from  Standard  Communi- 
cations. At  Fast!  A  gadget  that's 
really  worthwhile! 

The  Talkman  is  a  portable  FM 
transceiver  which  anyone  may 
operate  without  a  license.  Most 
of  the  circuitry  is  contained  in  a 
small  belt  pack  measuring  just 
4" x 2.5" x. 75"  and  weighing  a 
mere  9  ounces.  An  ultralight 
headset  holds  a  tiny  electric 
miket  earphone,  and  whip  anten- 
na. Despite  its  diminutive  size, 
however,  the  Talkman  is  not  a 
toy,  especially  at  its  suggested 
$129.95  price  tag.  The  Talkman 
operates  on  one  of  several  chan* 
nels  available  in  the  49.830- 
49.890  MHz  range.  Since  the  rig 
is  sold  singly,  not  in  pairs, 
buyers  who  hope  to  do  any  conv 
municating  must  be  careful  to 


Standard's  Talkman. 


obtain  units  on  the  same  chan- 
nel. A  letter  designation  on  the 
back  of  the  belt  pack  indicates 
the  channel. 

Technical  Features 

Most   notably,   transmit-re- 

ceive  switching  is  accomplished 
using  VOX  circuitry.  This  makes 
operating  the  Talkman  a  totally 
hands-free  proposition— a  real 
convenience  in  many  situations. 
Is  this  use  of  VOX  a  first  for  a 
communications  device  intend- 
ed for  the  general  public? 

A  straightforward  assem- 
blage of  15  transistors  and  4  ICs 
composes  the  circuitry  of  the 
Talkman.  The  mode  is  narrow* 
band  FM  and,  in  compliance 
with  Part  15  of  the  FCC  regula- 
tions, the  transmitter  output 
power  is  less  than  100  mW.  On 
receive,  a  0.25-uV  signal  will 
break  the  non-adjustable 
squelch,  and  a  0,5-uV  signal 
gives  20  dB  of  quieting.  An  ordi- 
nary 9-V  battery  powers  the  unit. 


Current  drain  Is  13.5  mA 
squelched,  70  mA  while  receiv* 
ing,  and  80  mA  in  transmit. 

Controls  on  the  Talkman  are 
minima],  to  say  the  least,  with  a 
pair  of  three-position  slide 
switches  doing  it  all  One  switch 
turns  on  the  unit  and  allows  se* 
lection  of  low  or  high  earphone 
volume.  The  second  switch  is  for 
VOX  sensitivity:  low,  medium,  or 
high.  The  higher  the  setting  of 
this  control,  the  more  softly  you 
can  speak  and  still  trip  the  VOX. 
On  the  other  hand,  a  lower  set* 
ting  helps  to  prevent  ambient 
noise  from  actuating  the  trans- 
mitter. 

Does  It  Work? 

Yes,  it  does.  In  actual  use,  the 
Talkman  meets  or  exceeds  the 
claims  made  by  Standard.  With 
the  whip  antenna  completely  de- 
ployed, the  full  1/4-mile  range 
between  units  is  achieved,  al- 
though signals  are  not  full  quiet* 
mg.  Audio  quality  is  on  a  par 


with  most  amateur  hand-helds— 
not  high  fidelity,  but  perfectly 
OK  for  spoken  communications. 
The  headset  is  extremely  light- 
weight and  a  pleasure  to  use, 
although  the  placement  of  the 
microphone  is  extremely  impor- 
tant for  reliable  VOX  action.  My 
best  results  were  obtained  with 
the  foam  windscreen  almost 
touching  my  lips.  One  complaint 
about  the  headset:  The  mike 
boom  is  a  little  too  short  for 
some  adults. 

Possibilities 

Of  course,  the  proximity  of 
the  Talkman's  operating  fre- 
quency to  our  six-meter  ham 
band  led  immediately  to 
thoughts  of  a  conversion  to  50 
MHz.  Unfortunately,  the  Talk- 
mans  I  tested  were  not  my  own, 
so  I  was  not  at  liberty  to  tamper 
with  the  innards.  A  schematic  Is 
included  with  each  Talkman. 
and  it  appears  that  altering  the 
operating  frequency  would  not 
be  too  difficult,  I'm  sure  it  won't 
be  long  before  we  see  a  few  of 
these  little  gems  on  six  meters. 

In  Conclusion 

I'd  be  the  last  to  claim  that  the 
Talkman  represents  any  sort  of 
communications  breakthrough. 
Still,  for  many  uses— keeping 
track  of  buddies  at  a  hamfest  or 
talking  to  earthbound  helpers 
from  the  top  of  your  tower,  for  ex- 
ample—the Talkman  may  prove 
far  handier  than  your  handie- 
talkie.  Perhaps  we'll  begin  to  see 
Standard's  very  convenient 
headset  concept  spreading  soon 
to  our  portable  ham  rigs,  It  can't 
happen  too  soon  for  me. 

For  further  information,  con- 
tact Standard  Communications, 
PO  Box  92157,  Los  Angeles  CA 
90009,  Reader  Service  number 
486. 

Jeff  Defray  WBSBTH 
73  Magazine  Staff 


THE  UK  SCENE 

Last  year,  my  family  and  I  en- 
joyed a  holiday  in  Florida.  We 
tramped  most  of  the  usual 
tourist  paths  including  the  Sea- 
quarium.  the  Kennedy  Space 
Center,  the  beaches,  the  fast 
food  stores  (still  something  of  a 


novelty   in    England),   and,   of 
course,  Disney  World. 

Obtaining  a  reciprocal  license 
was  the  easiest  of  aif  the  jobs 
necessary  in  planning  my  USA 
visit.  A  photocopy  of  my  current 
license  together  with  an  official 
letter  confirming  that  it  was  still 


active  sent  to  the  FCC  brought 
the  necessary  document  within 
a  few  weeks. 

When  I  received  the  recipro- 
cal license,  I  realized  that  the  on- 
ly way  I  could  get  some  HF 
operating  {not  being  really  in- 
terested in  VHF)  was  to  visit  a 
local  ham.  I  mentioned  to  Fred 
Van  Aalst  WD4RAF,  who  lives  In 
Fort  Lauderdale,  that  I  was 
planning  a  visit  to  Florida  and 
he  kindly  invited  me  to  meet 
with  him. 

While  my  family  and  Fred's 


XYL,  Pearl,  did  some  shopping,  I 
activitated  G4EJA/W4.  Need* 
less  to  say,  it  was  on  a  day  when 
the  HF  bands  were  in  poor 
shape  and  I  was  unable  to  make 
any  contact  with  Europe.  I 
called  MCQ  DXn  on  15  and  was 
answered  by  a  WG.  It  was  a  mo- 
ment before  that  I  realized  I  was 
probably  as  far  from  him  then  as 
I  would  be  at  home.  There  is  lit- 
tle point  in  me  describing 
operating  in  the  US  (that  would 
be  taking  coals  to  Newcastle,  to 
quote  a  quaint  English  proverb). 

73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     123 


Jeff  Maynard  G4EJA  operating  at  the  desk  of  Fred  Van  Aalst 
WD4RAF  in  Ft,  Lauderdale,  Florida. 


The  shack  of  G4EJA  showing  the  RTTYgear  with  WfK  QSi  cards  in 
the  background. 


What  might  be  of  interest, 
however,  is  the  view  from 
this  side. 

There  is  no  equivalent  of  the 
FCC  in  the  United  Kingdom.  The 
regulatory  body  for  amateur 
radio  (and  for  all  other  aspects 
of  radio)  is  the  Home  Office. 
This  is  a  government  body, 
headed  by  a  Minister  (Secretary 
of  State),  which  looks  after, 
among  other  things,  the  police 
and  the  maintenance  of  law  and 
order.  The  main  instrument  of 
control  is  the  Wireless  Tel- 
egraph Act  of  1944  which  em- 
powers the  Secretary  of  State  to 
do  just  about  anything.  The 
Home  Office  Is  assisted  by  the 
Post  Office  (now  known  as 
British  Telecom)  in  such  matters 
as  interference  suppression  and 
equipment  testing. 

The  first  requirement  for  a 
license  is  to  pass  the  Radio 
Amateur's  Examination*  known 
by  everyone  as  the  RAE.  Sittings 
for  the  RAE  are  heid  twice  each 
year,  usually  in  May  and 
December,  with  the  results  be- 
ing announced  about  three 
months  later  in  each  case.  The 


examination  paper,  which  is  set 
by  the  City  and  Guilds  of  London 
Institute  on  behalf  of  the  Home 
Office,  is  divided  into  two  parts. 

Part  One  deals  with  licensing 
conditions  and  Part  Two  covers 
elementary  radio  theory  and 
operating  procedures  appro- 
priate to  the  Radio  Amateur  Ser- 
vice, For  a  candidate  to  be  suc- 
cessful, 55%  or  more  of  the 
multiple  choice  questions  must 
be  answered  correctly* 

An  RAE  pass  slip  is  all  that 
is  required  for  a  llB"  license 
permitting  operation  at  144 
MHz  and  above  (all  modes  ex- 
cept CW).  The  "A"  or  full  li- 
cense for  operation  on  all  bands 
and  all  modes  requires  a  GW 
test  in  addition  to  passing  the 
theory  exam. 

The  Morse  test,  which  is  ad- 
ministered informally  by  the 
British  Telecom,  requires  the  ap- 
plicant to  send  and  receive  plain 
text  and  figure  groups  at  twelve 
words  per  minute.  Punctuation 
and  procedure  signals  are  not 
part  of  the  test. 

With  the  iicense  comes  a 
callsign.  A  particular  tetter  36- 


OBTAtNING  A  UK  RECIPROCAL  LICENSE 

Citizens  of  the  US  intending  to  visit  the  United  Kingdom 
may  obtain  a  reciprocal  G5  license  providing  they  hold  a 
General,  Extra,  or  Advanced  US  license  (holders  of  Novice  and 
Technician  licenses  cannot  apply  even  for  a  UK  B-type 
license). 

Applications,  on  the  appropriate  form  together  with  a 
photocopy  of  the  applicant's  current  license,  should  be  sent 
to:  Amateur  Radio  Regulatory  DepL,  The  Home  Office, 
Waterloo  Bridge  House.  Waterloo  Road,  London  SE1  SUA. 

If  a  permanent  address  in  the  UK  can  be  given,  a  license  for 
6  months  will  be  issued;  otherwise,  a  two-month  mobile 
license  is  given.  The  current  fee  is  £8.  (US  $16)  for  either  of 
these.  The  callsign  will  be  in  the  series  G50-. 


quence  can  be  asked  for  and  will 
be  given  if  not  already  allocated; 
however,  the  applicant  must 
wait  until  that  special  sequence 
is  ready  for  issue.  The  UK  call- 
sign  system  Ls  based  on  Civil 
Service  logic  and  is  therefore  im- 
possible to  understand.  How- 
ever, this  story  would  not  be 
complete  without  a  description, 
so  here  goes! 

The  callsign  consists  of  four 
parts:  country  identifier,  class  of 
license  indicator,  unique  li- 
censee sequence,  and  optional 
suffix. 

The  country  identifier  is  one 
or  two  letters  at  the  beginning  of 
the  call  that  indicates  that  part 
of  the  United  Kingdom  from 
which  the  station  is  currently 
operating.  The  prefixes  are 
G— England,  GM  —  Scotland, 
Gl  — Northern  Ireland,  GW— 
Wales,  GD— Isle  of  Man,  GJ  — 
Jersey,  and  GU— Guernsey. 

The  country  identifier 
changes  when  the  station 
moves.  Thus  if  I  drive  about  25 
miles  south  Into  the  principality 
of  Wales,  my  callsign  becomes 
GW4EJAM  This  highlights  the 
major  difference  between  UK 
and  USA  calisigns:  in  the  UK, 
the  combination  of  figure  and 
letter  sequence  (e.g.,  4EJA)  is 
unique. 

The  figure  following  the  coun- 
try identifier  indicates  the  class 
of  license  (except  as  noted  be- 
low) as  follows:  2,3,4,— A  (full) 
license;  8.8— B  (VHF)  license- 
Some  hams  from  the  early 
days  still  hold  G8  and  G€  plus 
two  <e*g.p  G8AB,  G6JM)  calls: 
these  are  full  type-A  license 
holders  and  are  the  only  way  to 
work  these  prefixes  on  HF. 

A  callsign  with  a  5  indicates 
the    holder   of   a   reciprocal 


license. 

If  I  operate  from  a  car,  the 
usual  /M  is  added.  The  suffix  /P 
is  added  when  operating  from  a 
"temporary  location"  or  as  a 
pedestrian.  Operating  from  tern* 
porary  premises  requires  the 
use  of  the  suffix  /A  (presumed  to 
represent  "alternative"). 

If  you  understand  this  all  so 
far,  the  picture  is  completed 
with  the  GB  prefix  used  for 
special  event  stations.  Two  par- 
ticular GB  callsigns  to  look  out 
for  are  GB2RS,  the  news  bulletin 
station  of  the  Radio  Society  of 
Great  Britain,  and  GB2ATG,  the 
RTTY  news  bulletin  station  of 
the  British  Amateur  Radio 
Teleprinter  Group  (BARTG), 

Having  crossed  the  various 
bridges  to  date  and  obtained  a 
full  (A)  license,  the  road  is  by  no 
means  as  smooth  as  it  might  be. 
The  Wireless  Telegraphy  Act 
already  mentioned  is  fraught 
with  problems  for  the  unwary.  It 
is  a  requirement  of  the  UK 
amateur  license  that  a  licensee 
must  be  able  to  verify  that  his 
transmissions  are  within  the 
authorized  frequency  band. 

It  is  not  permitted  in  the  UK  to 
listen  to  transmissions  other 
than  from  authorized  broadcast 
stations  and  radio  amateurs. 

The  final  damping  factor  is  a 
feature  of  UK  local  goverment;  it 
is  necessary  to  obtain  "planning 
permission"  for  any  permanent 
structure  over  10  feet  in  height- 1 
spent  two  years  battling  with  my 
local  authority  before  being 
allowed  (somewhat  reluctantly) 
to  erect  a  tower.  Even  then  the 
permission  was  only  for  a  tilt- 
over  and  included  the  rider  that 
it   "should   be  erected   for  no 


124     73  Magazine  *  April,1982 


more  than  15  daylight  hours  per 
week," 

So  tfaafs  a  quick  look  at  the 
UK  amateur  radio  scene.  I  hope 
it  will  contribute  something  to 
more  and  better  QSOs  across 


the  pond.  Any  reader  lacking  a 

QSO  with  England  is  welcome 
to  a  sked  (write  or  telex  to 
62881 1 »  on  CW,  SSB,  or  RTTY  (or 
even  SSTV  with  some  notice), 
and  if  you  hear  me,  J  am  still 


chasing  counties  for  QCA  and  I 
need  Wyoming,  Utah,  Nevada, 
Montana,  Idaho,  and  Nebraska 

for  WAS? 

Finally,  thanks  again  to  Fred 
WD4RAF    for   his   help   in    in- 


troducing  me   to   stateside 

operating.  Any  US  hams  travel- 
ing this  way  are  welcome  to  call. 

Jeff  Maynard  G4EJA 
Cheshire,  England 


FUN! 


John  Edwards  KI2U 
78-56  86th  Street 
Glendate NY  11385 


CLANDESTINE  RADIO 

This  month's  column  is  devoted  to  clandestine  radio.  Recent 
events  have  once  again  proved  to  us  that  the  right  of  operating  free 
and  open  radio  stations  is  something  we  should  never  take  too  light- 
ly. Over  the  years,  both  amateurs  and  non-amateurs  have  suffered 
when  the  privilege  of  unhindered  radio  communication  has  been 
yanked  away  by  autocratic  regimes.  This  month  we  pay  tribute  to 
those  brave  individuals  and  groups  who  have  put  the  public's  right 
to  know  above  Iheir  own  personal  safety- 

ELEMENT  1 -CROSSWORD  PUZZLE 

lustration  1) 


10)  Iranian  religion 

11)  Cuban  station— digit 
14)3,1416 

15)  Bury  or  understand 


Across 

1)  Underground  user's  gear  Is 

usually  this 
7)  Attack  feared  by  resistance 

groups 


17)  Morse,  Baudot,  etc. 

18)  Direction 


equipment 
21)  Where  the  generals  stay 
24)  A  communication  device  us- 
ing the  sun's  rays: 
graph 

Down 

2)  An  interference  (abbr.) 

3)  Audio-visual  (abbrj 

4)  A  banished  citizen 

5)  Prison  QTH 

6)  Favorite  Soviet  radio  activity 

7)  Commie  color 

8)  Clandestine  operators  often 
face  this 

9)  What  you  are 

12)  Action  of  24  across 


26)  Martial  law  country's  prefix 
28)  US    propaganda    station   (2 
words) 


13)  WWII  radio  invention 

15)  Opposite  of  don't 

16)  Identification  (abbr.) 

17)  Secret  code 
19)  Press  station 

20}  Opposite  of  stereo 

22)  Energy  (abbr,) 

23)  Baudot  medium  (abbr.) 
25)  It  goes  with  every  pot 
27)  English  tavern 


ELEMENT  2— MULTIPLE  CHOICE 

1)  Which  nation  runs  "Radio  Peace  and  Progress"? 

1)  Soviet  Union 

2)  Panama 

3)  United  States 

4)  Japan 

2)  Which  of  the  following  is  not  a  US  military  station? 

1)WAR 

2)  WIN 

3)  NAV 

4)  AIR 

3)  An  American  underground  TV  station?  Well,  it  happened  in 
Syracuse,  New  York,  in  the  fall  of  1977.  What  sort  of  programming 
did  "Lucky  7"  provide  its  surprised  viewers? 

1)  Cartoons 

2)  Pornographic  movies 


Illustration  t 


Wustration  2. 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     125 


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Illustration  2 A. 


3)  Revolutionary  propaganda 

4)  Game  shows 

4)  One  of  the  oldest  active  clandestine  broadcast  stations  is  "Radio 
Espana  Independient."  It  began  operation  in: 

1)1920 

2)  1941 

3)  1954 

4)  1975 

5)  Back  in  the  1960s,  the  CIA  ran  a  propaganda  station  on  an 
obscure  Caribbean  Island.  What  was  this  island's  name? 

1)Swan  Island 

2)  Hammarfund  Island 

3)  Johnson  Island 

4)  Hallicrafters  Island 

ELEMENT  3- ALPHABET  GAME 

Complete  the  names  of  the  five  clandestine  broadcast  stations 
listed  below  by  placing  letters  of  the  alphabet  on  every  dash.  Use 
each  letter  only  once.  The  letters  J,  K,  W,  Xs  and  Z  are  not  used. 

ABCDEFGHILMNOPQRSTUVY 

1)  VOICE/ORNA_IB_A 

2)  VOICE/OF/_A^E__TI_E 

3)  VOICe/OFLRE_/_ANAR_JlSL_N_S 

4)  VOlCE/OFfT_E/_AS_UE/_NDER_R_UND 

5)  VOICE/OF/THE/E_t_REA/RE_OLUTION 

ELEMENT  4— H AMAZE 
(Illustration  2) 

Here's  a  new  type  of  maze  specif  icaiiy  geared  to  hams.  The  object 
is  to  start  at  the  circle  and  trace  your  way  to  the  square  by  filling  in 
the  answers  to  the  clues  given  below.  To  help  you  on  the  way,  we've 
already  given  you  the  first  and  last  clue  answers.  All  words  read 
either  vertically  downward  or  from  left  to  right.  Each  new  word  is  on 
a  perpendicular  angle  to  the  previous  word.  Words  join  on  a  common 
letter.  Good  luck. 


14)  Nuts 

15)  One  who  is  chicken 

16)  Victor 


17)  Self-respect 

18)  Hurry 

19)  One  who  plays 


1)  Organized  aggression 

2)  Stumble  speak 

3)  To  hide 

4)  An  organization  that  may 
run  a  clandestine  station: 
group 

5)  Discreditable  revelation 

6)  From  that  place 

12$     73Magazine  *  April,  1982 


7)  A  path 

8)  Disembarks 

9)  To  view 

10)  Energy  often  in  short  supply 
to  underground  stations 

11)  Secret  watcher 

12)  Aerials 

13)  1960s  Soviet  invasion  place 


THE  ANSWERS 


Element  1: 

See  Illustration  1A. 


Element  2: 

1_1  Peacefully  progressing  toward  what?  It's  the  USSR's  answer 

to  Radio  Free  Europe.  (They  couldn't  call  it  "Radio  Enslaved 

Europe,"  could  they?) 
2—2  WIN  was  a  button. 
3—2  Pass  the  popcorn. 
4—2  Patience  is  a  virtue. 
5—1   How  about  "Kenwood  island"? 

El&ment  3: 

1—VOICE  OF  NAMIBIA,  2— VOICE  OF  PALESTINE.  3-VOICE  OF 
FREE  CANARY  ISLANDS,  4-VOICE  OF  THE  BASQUE  UNDER- 
GROUND, 5— VOICE  OF  THE  ERITREA  REVOLUTION. 

Element  4: 

See  Illustration  2A. 


SCORING 

Element  1: 

Twenty-five  points  for  the  completed  puzzle,  or  1/2  point  for  each 

question  correctly  answered. 

Element  2: 

Five  points  for  each  correct  answer. 

Element  3: 

Five  points  for  each  correct  answer. 

Element  4: 

Twenty-five  points  for  the  completed  puzzle,  or  one  point  for  each 

word  solved. 

How'd  ya  do? 

1-20  points— "Is  the  VOA  clandestine?" 
21-40  points— Once  heard  Radio  Peking, 
41-60  points— Scans  the  band— but  hears  nothing. 
61-80  points—Single  agent. 
81-100+  points— Double  agent. 


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submitted  by  over  a  hundred  individuals,  cluOs, 
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have'  for  your  tram  shack  shelf.  BK1 185  S1Z95' 


The  79 


Test  Equipment 
Library 


mow 


VOL.  I  COMPONENT  TESTERS— How  lo  build  (ran* 
sistor  testers  (8),  diode  testers  (3),  IC  testers  (3), 
voltmeters  and  VTVMs  (9),  ohmmeters  (6  different 

kinds),  Inductance  (3),  capacity  (9),  Q  measurement, 
cryslal  checking  (6).  temperature  (2).  aural  meters  for 
the  blind  (3),  and  all  sorts  of  miscellaneous  data  on 
meters. . .  using  them,  making  them  more  versatile, 
making  standards.  Invaluable  book.  LB7359  S4.B&" 


VOL.  II  AUDIO  FREQUENCY  TESTERS— Jam-packed 

with  all  kinds  of  audio  frequency  teat  equipment,  If 
you're  Into  S5B.  RTTY  SSTV.  etc,  this  book  Is  a  must  tot 

you,  .  .a  good  book  for  hi-fi  addicts  and  experimenters, 
tool  LB73S0  S4.95.' 


VOL.  HI  RADIO  FREQUENCY  TESTEftS-Radio  frequen- 
cy waves,  the  common  denominator  ot  amateur  radio. 
Such  items  as  SWR.  antenna  Impedance,  line  imped- 
ance, RF  output,  and  field  strength;  detailed  instructions 
on  testing  these  Items  includes  sections  on  signal  gen- 
erators, crystal  calibrators,  end  dtp  oscillators  noise 
generators,  dummy  toads,  and  much  mora. 
LB7361  S4.95.* 


VOL  IV  IC  TEST  EQUIPMENT— Become  a  (rouble* 
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station  and  In  servicing  digital  equipment.  Plus  a 
cumulative  index  for  all  four  volumes  for  the  73  TEST 
EQUIPMENT  UBRAfW.  L67362  S4.9&" 


RF  AN0  DIGITAL  TEST  EQUIPMENT  YOU  CAN 
BUILD—  BK1044  — Rf  burst,  function,  square  wave  gen- 
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marker  H  and  rf  sweep  generators,  audio  osc,  af/rf  sig- 
nal injector.  I4fi  MHz  synthesiser,  digital  readouts  for 
counters,  several  counters,  prescaler,  microwave 
meter,  etc  252  pages.  BK 1044  $5.95  " 


'Use  the  order  card  in  this  magazine  or  itemize  your  order  on  a  separate  piece  of  paper  and  mail  to.  73  Radio  Bookshop  » 
Peterborough  NH  03458  Be  sure  to  include  check  or  detailed  credit  card  information  NoC  0,D.  orders  accepted.  All  orders 
add  |i  50  handing  hrsi  book.  Si. 00  each  additional  book,  SID 00  per  book  'ce-gn  airmail  P  ease  allow  4-6  weeks  for 
delivery  Questions  regarding  your  order?  Please  write  to  Customer  Service  at  the  above  address  {Pnces  subject  to  change 
on  books  not  published  by  73  Magazine.) 


FOR  TOLL  FREE  ORDERING  CALL  1-800-258-5473 


ANTENNA 

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PRACTICAL  ANTENNAS  FOR  THE  RADtO  AMATEUR 
— A  manual  describing  how  to  equip  a  nam  station  with 
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VHF  ANTENNA  HANDBOOK-The  new  VHF  Antenna 
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73  DfPOLE  AND  LONG-WIRE  ANTENNAS- hy  Edward 
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TTL  COOKBOOK— by  Don  Lancaster.  Explains  wfil 
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SK1063S9.50* 

CMOS  COOKBOOK— by  Don  Lancaster,  Details  the 
application  of  CMOS,  the  low  power  logic  family 
suitable  for  most  applications  presently  dominated  by 
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TVT  COOKBOOK— by  Don  Lancaaler.  Describes  the 
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•  HOW  TO  DEFEND  YOURSELF  AGAINST  RADAR— 9K1201  —  by  Bruce  F.  Bogner  and  James  R.  Bodnar,  a  lawyer 
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pert  than  most  police  officers  and  judges  The  remainder  of  the  book  outlines  how  to  defend  yourself  against  a 
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WORLD  REPEATER  ATLAS— Completely  updated.  o*er 
230  pages  of  repeater  testings  are  indexed  by  toca 
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er  locations  throughout  the  USA    Foreign  listings  m 
elude  Europe,  the  Middle  East,  South  America,  and 
Africa  I4.9S*  BK73T5 

THE  MAGIC  OF  HAM  RADIO— by  JefrolO Swank  W8HXR 
t>egins  w»|h  a  brief  history  of  amateur  radio  and  of  Jerry  & 
involvement  in  it  Pan  2  details  many  of  ham  radio's 
heroic  moments  Hamrjom's  close  ties  with  the  conti- 
nent of  Antarctica  are  the  subject  of  Pan  3  m  Part  4  the 
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And  what  of  the  luture?  Part  5  peers  into  the  crystal  bail 
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A  GUIDE  TO  HAM  RADIO— by  Larry  Kahaner  WB2NEL 

What's  Amateur  Radio  all  about?  You  can  learn  the 
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WORLD  RADIO  TV  HANDBOOK  1982.  25TH  EDITION 
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providing  the  only  authoritative  source  of  exact  inform  a- 
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the  design,  construction,  testing,  and  debugging  of  a 
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HOBBY  COMPUTERS  ARE  HEREIIf  you  want  to  come 
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recommendations  as  a  teaching  aid.  $4.95.'  BK7322 


"Use  the  order  card  in  this  magazine  or  itemize  your  order  on  a  separate  piece  of  paper  and  mail  to:  73  Radio  Bookshop  • 
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add  $1  50  handling  first  book,  J1.00  each  additional  book,  $10.00  per  book  foreign  airmail.  Please  allow  4  6  weeks  for 
delivery  Questions  regarding  your  order?  Please  write  to  Customer  Service  at  the  above  address.  (Prices  subject  to  change 
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R.S.  No, 


329 

114 
MS 
440 

20 


331 

7 

334 

97 

71 
121 


469 
11 

26 
430 


12 

32 

1D2 

321 

89 

■ 

28 
382 


A E A/ Advanced  Electronic  Applica- 
uons  ii  i  -  r,  ■**£*■■•■«!  ■-■  ■-■  ■  -  ■  *iw 
A.  R.  Technical  Products 31 

A5  ATV  Magazine, ♦ 156 

Advanced  Communications  inter 

national *  .  * . ....... .  31 

Al  I   Elect ron  IcS. ..*..«* »  33 

Alpha  Delta  Comm.  r , . . . 99 

Alpha  Delta  Carom. —  133 

Amateur  Electronic  Supply 

Amateur  Wholesale  Electronics-  -  21 
American  Crystal  Supply  154 

Amidon  Associates ^97 

Amenna  Bank. , * 71 

Applied  Invention . .., 63 

ARCO  Solar,  inc. . ..  .35 

Associated  RadkX .....  ...  74 

As! ron  Corp  . . .  * » 4 . . .......47 

Aute*  Research, ,  101 

BG Cart  Electronics-    .,*»,, ,,„,. 65 

Barker  &  Williamson , .  149 

Bash  Educational  Services.  148 
Benjamin  Michael  Industries, , .  106 
Brllts  Two-Way  ftadto. . . ,  107 

3  uC  Ks    ffOCK . ..................  OQ 

Bullet  Electronics,... .,155 

C  a  A  Roberts 113 

Ceco  Communications,  Inc. ,91 


R.S 

307 
17 


Page 


I  ■  -  m 


425 


..173 
...49 


453 

483 

447 
62 


Centurion  International 

Certified  International ., 

Outterfree  Modular  Consoles. 
Code  Quick. 

Communications  Center.  NE. . . 
Communications  Concepts,  Inc. 


■»■    i     b     V    H 


.97 
166 
117 
111 
170 

153 


377  Communications  Electronics 


15 
444 

106 
120 


110 


Communications  Specialists. 

Computer  Plus 

Crown  Micro  Producta,  t . . .  „ 

%rf  lyl%3  I  iV-1  u  '  I  .     .     ,  ■     |HMIli1H4 

Custom  Circuit  Design 

Dayton  Mamvenlion  '82 55 

Dakota  Microwave, , ,....,, . , . , .  86 
Dabco  Elect  ron  lea/Home  Ckmena 

.,...,....,. .  .  .  Or 


176 

154 
153 
.47 
.64 


No, 

Debco  Electronics 

Dielectric  Comm^ ..... 
Derrick  Electronics,  Inc. 
Digital  Research  Paris, 

Dapple r  Systems 

R.  L  Drake  Company 

.9.113,132,148,149 

DXpeditions  International. ......  91 

80  Microcomputing. 150 

Electric  Motion  Co ♦  122 

Electronic  Equipment  Bank, 71 

Electronic  Hobby  Innovations. .  - .  7H 

Electronic  Recyclers  oi  MA 154 

Electronic  Specialists. ....,..- 133 

Eiectronictown.  Inc. 99 

Engineering  Consulting 154 

Ben  Franklin  Electronics, 154 

323  Fo*-Taj*go  Corp. , 153 

23     Fleshes  Corp,,. 27 

Ftiedsham  TV  Hardware. 63 

G  b.  K  Amateur  Supply 52 

Global  Electronics, .58 

Gotham  Antenna. . . . 101 

Grove  Enterprises. 99 

H  h  R  Communications- ........  58 

Hal  Communications. 15, 41. 92 

Ham  Radio  Center, 

Ham  Radio  Outlet .. 

Hamtronics,  NY. 

Handi-Teh.... 

Hastings  Antenna. 

Heath  Company 

Heil,  Ltd .............. 

higain  Electronics. ...... t 

Hoosier  Electronics, 

Hy-Gain  Div.  of  Telex 

Hy-Gain  Div.  of  Telex — 

ICOM .,  Cov  llr  43,  1 18,  119 

MX  Equipment. . 152 

iRL. i - 39 

independent  Crystal  Supply  Co. 

■ .  #  ■  TOO 

Info-Tech . . . 97 

Instant  Software 

Amateur  Radio  Programs, , . . ♦ ,  147 

Iscan  Engineering, ............  1 52 


R.S, 

25 

38 

* 

91 

122 


No. 

JJT  Distributing 


119 
400 
85 
439 


116 
101 

417 

* 

86 

345 

31 


33 

460 

18 

303 

479 

72 

320 

316 

481 

■ 

474 

78 

35 
445 

27 


452 

■ 

53 

47 

480 

484 

48 

477 

77 

44 


Page 

152 

Jameco  Electronics. . . -  - 175 

Johnson  Commercial  Services. .  154 

KDK  Distributing 23 

KW  Con t rol. .....,...,.■-, ....,48 

Kantronlcs.  >. , ...  48,  105,  133 

Kenwood. *+ •  Gov  IV,  7 

Lacue  Communications  Electronics 

114 

Lewis  Construction  Co.. 96 

Live  Via  Satellite.  Inc ..,.63 


R.S.  No. 

105  Radios  Unlimited. 

62     Ramsey  EJect/onics. 

54    Robot  Research.... 

418 

96 

37fi 

65 

111 


Page 

I'M 

189.  172 
..73 


i     r      I      ■ 


■    ■■rib 


Luly  Associates 
MFJ  Enterprises — 
MFJ  Entef prises, . . . 
MFJ  Enterprises,... 
MHz  Electronic*.  - . . 
MLM  Associates. . . 


a    ■  m    W 

,80,81 

■      ■      M         I  Jfc 

121 
.......156^167 

132 


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M  Squared  Engineering. . 93 

Mac 'dromes,  inc.     , ,    — 100 

Madison  Electronic*  Supply 49 

..... wj 
,...100 


........ 


45 

46    Maggiore  Electronics. . 

139  Memphis  Amateur  Radio 


.......... 


52 

...157 
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...171 
, . .  156 
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13 

..,.132 

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318 
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Micro  Control  Specialties 

Microiog...... 

Microlog. 

Microcrat!  Corp.. . . 

Mid-Corn  Electronics. 

J.  W,  Miller  Dtv  /Bell  Industries 

11  is 

ii**t*-i*iif  vi  t(  f««t#if  4#t  *tt  vl|    vM 

HnifSQB  ■  ....■■»--------    lui 

National  Comm,  Group. , . .  112,  148 

Nemai  Elecironics. 82 

N on  h  Coast  M  icro wave,  ..*...,.  SB 

*  Orbit  Magaxine. ,,........ 116 

*  P.  C.  Electronics. 35,  114 

113  Pacific  One  Corporation 39 

Paiomar  Engineers  4, 133.  134 

P  B  Radio  Service. .63 

Phillips  Tech  Electronics 154 

Pipo  Communications 156 

Power  Gain  Systems. , , , . . .  91 

459  ORG  Engineering , , ,  + . . , .  153 

60    Quasi  Electronics 168 


404 
421 
300 

96 


Distributors. ....,..,  48 

S-  G.  Roscoe.  .......*....,••... 3j 

SF  Amateur  Radio  Service, 116 

Sceptor  Comm..  Inc„ 58 

*  73  Magazine 
Books 

. .  46, 1Z7-129. 146, 150. 151.  ,52 

Dealers  Ad- 151 

Subscriptions..- 116, 152 

University  Microfilms 152 

333  Sentry  Mfg.  Co.. ,..,..114 

Snerwood  Engineering. . 
112  Sintec  Co 

Skylane  Products. 
4jo  oKyiec .........,.,r...,  —  - 

309  Spacecoast  Research  Corp 

*  Spectronlcs.  Inc„ 149.  174 

68  Spectrum  Communications 79 

436  Spectrum  International,  Inc- ...  116 

486  Standard  Communications. 123 

30  Strux  Corp.. 152 

69  Surplus  Electronics  Corp.. 154 

316  Telex  Communications,  Inc..  —  53 

481  Telex  Communications.  Inc  . 

109  Tennessee  Electronics. 

328  Texas  Micromanics 

118  The  Blacksburg  Group, . , 

449  The  Ham  Shack. , 

57     The  Tuned  Antenna  Co.. . 
76     Trac  Electronics. 

104  Trionyx  Industries,  Inc 

08     Tufts  Electronics. . . 

Universal  Communications 


155 
156 
149 
156 


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.63 
....149 

17 

107,116 

67 

.67 

....  26 

68,89 

59, 107 


1       Van  Gordon  Engineering 

478  Valor 

31 1  Vanguard  Labs 

90    VoCom  Products  Corp. 


«■--»- 


117 

21 

315 

61 

397 

454 


RSE  Ham&hack. 

R.WTD.,  Inc 

Radio  Activity , 

Radio  Amateur  Callbook1  Inc. 

Radio  World. 

Radlokit. 


mm     w     ¥    H     4     ft    + 


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130     73  Magazine  *   April,  1982 


A  fresh  idea! 


Our  new  crop  of  tone  equipment  is  the  freshes!  thing  growing  in  the  encoder/decoder 
field  today.  All  fones  are  instantly  programmable  by  setting  a  dip  switch;  no  counter 
is  required.  Frequency  accuracy  is  astonishing  ±.1  Hz  over  all  temperature  extremes. 
Multiple  tone  frequency  operation  is  a  snap  since  the  dip  switch  may  be  remoted. 
Our  TS-32  encoder /decoder  may  be  programmed  for  any  of  the  32  CTCSS  tones. 
The  SS-32  encode  only  model  may  be  programmed  for  all  32  CTCSS  tones  plus 
19  burst  tones,  8  touch-tones,  and  5  test  tones.  And,  of  course,  there's  no 
need  to  mention  our  one  day  delivery  and  one  year  warranty. 


COMMUNICATIONS  SPECIALISTS 

426  Wesi  Tafl  Avenue,  Orange,  California  92667 
(800)  854-0547 /California:  (714)998-3021 

**  15 


1 


SS-32  $29.95,  TS-32  $59.95 


— 


NEIV 


PRODUCTS   ] 


DRAKE'S  NEW  TRANSCEIVER 
AND  RECEIVER 

The  R.  L.  Drake  Company  has 
announced  new  models  of  Us 
TR7  communications  transceiv- 
er and  R7  receiver.  Features  new 
to  the  TR7A  include  standard 
9-kHz  receive  selectivity  for  AM 
reception,  500-Hz  crystal  filter 
for  CW  reception,  built-in  noise 
blanker,  improved  lightning  pro- 
tection, and  a  new  phone-patch 
audio  input. 

The  new  R7A  receiver  fea- 
tures a  noise  blanker,  500-Hz 
CW  crystal  filter,  and  9-kHz  AM 
selectivity.  These  units  also  in- 
terconnect  to  make  a  "twins" 
system,  offering  complete  fre- 
quency flexibility  and  dual  si- 
multaneous receive.  The  TR7A 
has  a  suggested  price  of  $1699 
and  the  R7A  lists  for  $1649. 

For  more  information,  con- 
tact ft  L  Drake  Company,  540 
Rtchard  Street,  Miamisburg  OH 
45342;  (51 3)-S6fr2421. 


SEVEN  ELEMENT  TRIBANOER 

A  new  tribander,  the  TH7DX, 
is  now  available  from  Hy-Gain. 
The  TH7DX  features  a  dual- 
driven  element  system  that 
maintains  a  vswrof  less  than  2:1 
on  ail  bands  including  the  entire 
10-meter  band.  The  driven  ele- 
ments utilize  Hy-Gain's  Hy-Q 
traps  capable  of  handling  power 
levels  well  in  excess  of  the  legal 
limit.  These  traps  allow  element 
lengths  of  0.225  wavelength  on 
10  meters,  0.203  wavelength  on 
15  meters,  and  0,185  wavelength 
on  20  meters.  The  dual-driven  el- 
ements are  fed  directly  with  Hy- 
Gain's  50-Ohm  BN-86  balun. 

Tests  show  average  front-to- 
back  ratios  of  22  dB  on  20  and  15 
meters,  and  17  dB  on  10  meters. 
The  average  half-power  beam- 
width  varies  from  66  degrees  on 
20  meters  to  63  degrees  on  10 
meters.  With  a  turning  radius  of 
20  feet  and  the  longest  element 


31  feet,  the  antenna  is  no  larger 
than  the  Hy-Gain  TH6DXX.  The 
TH7DX  weighs  75  lbs+1  has  9.4 
square  feet  of  wind  surface 
area,  and  wind  loading  of  240 
lbs.  at  80  mph.  The  TH7DXt  com- 
plete with  stainless  steel  hard- 
ware, balun,  and  boom-to-mast 
clamp,  is  priced  at  $499.95. 

Hy-Gain  also  has  announced 
that  kit  model  392S  is  available 
to  convert  the  older  TH6DXX  to  a 
TH7DX  configuration  for  a  sug- 
gested net  of  $199.95. 

For  more  information  on 
these  products,  contact  Hy- 
Gain  Division,  Tefex  Commune 
cations,  9600  Aidrich  Ave,  So.f 
Minneapolis  MN  55420;  (612)- 
884-4051.  Reader  Service  num- 
ber 481 . 

INDUCTIVE  MODEM 

MFJ  Enterprises  has  in- 
troduced their  new  MFJ-1230 
originate/answer  modem.  The 
1230  uses  an  inductive  coupling 
technique  for  receiving.  This 
gives  reliable  data  transfer  by 
eliminating  errors  caused  by 
room  noise,  vibration,  and  other 
acoustic-coupling  problems. 

This  Bell  103-compatible 
modem  operates  from  0  to  300 
baud,  features  half-  and  full-du- 
plex operation,  and  is  crystal- 
controlled  for  high  stability.  An 
Apple  version  that  plugs  into 
the  game  port  (MFJ^1231)  is 
also  available,  complete  with 
software. 

The  MFJ-1230  and  MFJ-1231 
inductive-coupled  modems  are 
available  for  $129.95  and 
$139.95  respectively. 

For  more  information,  con- 
tact MFJ  Enterprises,  921 
Louisville  Rd.,  Starkvilfe  MS 
39759;  (601)323-5869.  Reader 
Service  number  480. 


H-8  AND  H/Z-89  PROGRAM 

MLM  Associates  now  offers  a 
Morse  code  transceiver  pro- 
gram for  Heath/Zenith  H-8  and 
H/Z-89  owners  interested  in  digi- 
tal communications.  MLM 
Morse  converts  International 
Morse  code  from  a  receiver  into 
an  alphanumeric  video  display 
and  changes  characters  typed 
at  a  terminal  into  the  form 
needed  to  activate  a  transmitter 
or  code-practice  oscillator.  Fea- 
tures include  fast  break-in  CW 
operation,  automatic  switching 
between  transmit  and  receive, 
and  a  split-screen  display. 

The  instruction  manual  gives 
details  for  building  a  CW-to- 
computer  interface  or  you  can 
use  a  RTTY  modem.  MLM  also 
offers  the  MFJ-1200  computer 
interface.  The  software  package 
sells  for  $29.95.  A  complete 
package  including  software,  in- 
terface,  and   power  supply   is 

To  order,  or  for  more  informa- 
tion, contact  William  S.  Hafi, 
MLM  Associates,  5621  Maple 
Heights  Court,  Pittsburgh  PA 
15232;  (412)-683-4742<  Reader 
Service  number  477, 

MICROPHONE  EQUALIZER 

The  first  in  a  series  of  new 
products  from  Heil,  Ltd.,  is  their 
EG  200  Microphone  Equalizer 
for  speech  applications  with 
SSB  and  FM  transmitters.  The 
EQ  200  allows  you  to  equalize 
your  amateur  station  in  a  man- 
ner  similar  to  the  technique 
used  by  broadcast  stations  and 
recording  studios. 

This  battery-powered  device 
measures  4"  x  4fT  x  1-1/2'1  and 
plugs  into  the  microphone  line. 
The  three  controls,  mike  gain, 
low-frequency  adjust,  and  high- 
frequency  adjust   are  set  with 


The  Drake  TR7A  transceiver  (fop)  and  R7  receiver. 
132     73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


The  MFJ  inductive-coupled  modem. 


the  aid  of  a  second  receiver  or 
another  station.  Distortion  level 
is  0.09%.  Microphones  of  any 
impedance  will  work,  but  low- 
impedance  microphones  are 
recommended  since  they  usual- 
ly offer  better  RFI  protection. 
The  EQ  200  costs  $49.95. 

For  more  information,  con- 
tact He//,  Ltd.,  #2  Heii  Dr,< 
Manssa  IL  62257.  Reader  Ser- 
vice number  479, 

SURGE  PROTECTORS 

Alpha  Delta  Communica- 
tions' Transi-Trap  Surge  Protec- 
tors are  gas  surge  arresters  de- 
signed to  protect  sensitive  elec- 
tronic equipment  from  damage 
due  to  excessive  voltages  or  cur 
rents  generated  by  transient 
phenomena.  The  elements  in 
the  Arc-Plug™  cartridge  are 
constructed  of  two  metal  elec- 
trodes hermetically  sealed  in  a 
gas-filled  ceramic  cylinder.  They 
perform  as  voltage-dependent 
switches  which  can  reliably  and 
repeatedly  carry  large  currents 
for  brief  periods  of  time. 

Alpha  Delta  Transi-Trap  Pro- 
tectors are  designed  for  indoor 
installation  at  the  rear  of  the 
equipment.  If  outdoor  use  is 
planned,  it  will  be  necessary  to 
coat  afl  surfaces  thoroughly 
with  a  good  sealer.  The  Model 
R-T  low-level  protector  is  de- 
signed for  use  with  solid-state 
receivers,  transceivers,  or 
transmitters  that  run  up  to  200 
Watts  into  50  Ohms.  It  costs 
$29.95.  The  Model  HV  high- 
voltage  protector  is  for  use  with 
linear  amplifiers  running  up  to 
two  kW  into  50  Ohms  and  sells 
for  $32,95. 

For  more  details,  contact 
Alpha  Delta  Communications, 
116A  North  Main  St,  Oenterviiie 
OH  45459;  (513H35-4772. 
Reader  Service  number  476. 


CWTORTTY  CONVERTER 

Kantronics  is  Introducing  a 
RTTY  send/receive  device  that 
converts  CW  from  any  keyer  or 
keyboard  into  standard  AFSK 
two-tone  RTTY  or  two-tone  CW 
ID.  Mtcro-RTTY  sends  and 
receives  at  60,  67,  75T  and  100 
wpm,  plus  110-baud  ASCIL 

Features  include  special  CW 
characters  for  sending  a  line- 
return/carriage-feed  character 
and  a  print  attachment.  Micro- 
RTTY  receives  any  shift  of  RTTY 
and  dispfays  the  message  on  a 
ten-character,  3/8"-high  vac- 
uum-tube fluorescent  display. 
The  2-1/2"  x  5"  x  5-1/2T5 
package  comes  with  a  9-volt  dc 
power  supply  and  has  a  sug- 
gested price  of  $299.95, 

For  more  details,  contact 
Kantronics,  1202  E.  23rd  Si, 
Lawrence  KS  66044;  (913h 
842-7745. 


POWER  LINE  INTERRUPTER 

Electronic  Specialists  now  of- 
fers an  automatic-reset  ac 
power  line  interrupter.  Should 
the  ac  line  voltage  be  disrupted 
or  exceed  preset  safety  limits, 
the  power  interrupter  discon- 
nects ac  power  from  controlled 
apparatus.  A  4-minute  timer 
delay,  followed  by  automatic 
reset,  helps  avoid  wide  voltage 
fluctuations. 

Intended  to  operate  unattend- 
ed for  long  periods,  the  self- 
reset  power  interrupter  also 
offers  an  optional  voltage  moni- 
tor. Connecting  to  the  ac  line 
with  a  standard  3-prong  plug, 
the  power  interrupter  can  ac- 
commodate a  15-Ampere  resis- 
tive load  or  a  10-Ampere  induc- 
tive load.  The  Model  PJ^SR^IS 
interrupter  costs  $185.95;  the 
voltage  monitor  option  costs 
$20.00  extra. 


Electronic  Specialists'  power  line  interrupter. 


For  more  information,  con^ 
tact  Electronic  Specialists,  171 
South  Main  St.,  Natick  MA 
01769;  (617)655-1532.  Reader 
Service  number  482. 

MIKE  STAND 

Your  mobile  microphone  can 
now  be  turned  into  a  base  sta- 
tion unit  with  Valor  Enterprises' 
new  Big  Ben  mike  stand.  The 
Model  221  features  a  black 
finish  and  costs  $5,90.  A  chrome 


version,    Model   221C,    is   also 
available  for  $7.90. 

To  order,  or  for  more  informa- 
tion, write  to  Valor  Enterprises, 
West  Milton  OH  45383; 
(513)6984195.  Reader  Service 
number  478. 


COMPACT  ANTENNA  BALUNS 

Palomar  Engineers  is  intro- 
ducing a  new  series  of  baluns. 
The  Model  PB  series  will  match 


■V-T--    |  .■    •:■■••■ 


Transi-Trap  gas  surge  protectors, 


The  Big  Ben  mike  stand. 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     13a 


Patomar  Engineers*  antenna  batun. 


50-Ohm  coaxial  cable  to  5G-,  75-f 
1«K  150*,  20CK  250*.  300*.  375-, 
450-,  600%  or  SOD-Ohm  balanced 
antennas.  They  also  can  be 
used  as  matching  transformers 
for  various  purposes. 

The  Model  PB  series  work  at 
power  levels  to  350  Watts  PEP 
and   are  1-1/2"  x  3/4"  x  3/4"   in 


size.  They  operate  from  1.7  to  30 
MHz,  are  fully  encapsulated, 
and  have  stainless  steel  hard- 
ware.  The  PB  baluns  sell  for 
$14.95, 

For  further  information,  con- 
tact Patomar  Engineers,  1924*F 
W,  Mission  Rd.t  Escondido  CA 
92025;  f7t4)-747-3343. 


Patomar  Engineers'  VLF  converter. 


VLF  CONVERTERS 

Palomar  Engineers  is  in- 
troducing two  new  converters 
for  the  10-500-kHz  band.  They 
add  reception  of  weather,  ship- 
to-shore  CW  traffic,  RTTYT 
WWVBt  navigation  beacons. 
1750-meter  no-license  band,  and 
European  low-frequency  broad- 
cast stations. 

Model  VLF-A  converts  to 
3510-4000  kHz  for  use  with  ham 
receivers  and  transceivers. 
Model    VLF-S   converts   to 


4010-4500  kHz  for  general- 
coverage  shortwave  receivers. 
With  digital  readout,  the  last 
three  digits  read  frequency. 

The  new  converters  feature 
antenna  bypass  when  turned 
off,  LED  power  indicator,  and 
low-current,  nine-volt  dc  opera- 
tion. The  VLF-A  and  VLF-5  sell 
for  $79.95. 

For  further  information,  con- 
tact Patomar  Engineers,  1924-F 
W.  Mission  Rd.f  Escondido  CA 
92025;  (714^747-3343 


LETTERS 


ATV  GOES  MONTHLY 

Amateur  Television  Magazine 
has  expanded  publication  to  12 
issues  per  year  beginning  with 
the  March,  1982t  issue.  Now  in 
its  15th  year  of  service  to 
specialized  communications 
operators,  Amateur  Television 
Magazine  covers  all  modes  of 
amateur  television  such  as 
FSTVT  NBTVt  MSTV,  and  SSTV 
as  well  as  coverage  of  FAX, 
RTTY,  microwave,  EMEt 
satellites,  CATV,  and  com- 
puters. 

it  was  Henry  8.  Ruh  KB9FOt 
former  publisher  of  ATV,  who 
petitioned  the  FCC  to  allow 
SSTV  operation  in  the  HF 
General  Class  phone  segments. 
This  proposal  was  adopted  and 
is  expected  to  become  effective 
sometime  in  early  1982,  giving  a 
tremendous  boost  to  SSTV  ac- 
tivity. 

Mike  Stone  WBOQCD 
Publisher,  ATV  Magazine 

PO  Box  H 
Lowden  IA  52255 

134     73 Magazine  *  April,  1962 


CHARLIE  IS  BORN 


] 


I  just  read  ''Messages  From 
Station  Charlie/'  which  ap- 
peared In  the  January,  1982, 
issue  of  73.  It  was  well  written 
and  brought  back  many  mem* 
ories,  some  pleasant  and  others 
Vd  rather  forget.  Perhaps  other 
readers  may  be  interested  in  the 
genesis  of  "CharlieTf  —  sta- 
tion 53a 

In   September,   1942,   I   was 

assigned  to  the  Office  of 
Strategic  Services  <QSS), 
Washington  DC.  After  indoc- 
trination, I  was  sent  to  London 
to  confer  with  [Major  General  Sir 
GolinJ  Gubbins  and  [Brigadier  F. 
W\]  Nichols  of  the  British 
Special  Operations  Executive 
(SOE)  with  respect  to  the  es- 
tablishment of  an  American  sta- 
lion  to  supplement  British  sta- 
tions 53A  and  53B.  The  original 
concept  was  that  we  would  han^ 
die  the  agent  circuits  into  Nor- 
way. The  British  would  arrange 
for  us  to  get  the  land  required 


and  would  furnish  Ministry  of 
Works  personnel  to  do  the  con- 
struction, and  we  would  provide 
the  equipment  and  manpower 

The  first  thing  I  did  was  to 
drive  out  London's  Great  West 
Road  with  a  receiver,  stopping 
here  and  there  at  likely-looking 
spots  to  check  reception  condi- 
tions. I  saw  a  road  leading  up  a 
hill  and  found  myself  In  a  farm 
worked  by  Italian  prisoners. 
They  doffed  their  caps  and 
opened  gates  so  I  could  reach 
the  top  of  the  hill  where  I  found  a 
very  large  flat  areaf  with  low 
noise  level  and  good  reception. 

Since  throughout  England  all 
place-name  signs  had  been  re- 
moved from  roads  and  railroad 
stations  and  buildings,  I 
mapped  my  route  from  London 
to  the  site  with  the  names  of 
pubs  (e.g„  Compleat  Angler)  so 
that  I  could  identify  where  I  had 
been  when  I  got  back  to  London! 

I  am  envious  of  the  author's 
good  fortune  in  meeting  those 
former  agents  aboard  the  Grips- 
hotm,  In  my  case,  t  met  only  one 
after  the  war,  His  name  was 
Robert,  and  I  spent  a  lovely 
evening  with  him  and  his  mother 
at  their  home  in  Paris. 

G.  L.  Graveson  K4JI 

COR,  US  NR  (Ret) 
Plantation  FL 


BINARY  STIMULATION 


] 


I  never  write  to  editors,  but 
had  to  make  an  exception  in 
order  to  respond  to  your  com- 
ments concerning  CW  In  your 
January  editorial,  The  concept 
of  high-speed,  computer-based 
radio  communication  is  de- 
finitely an  intriguing  one, 
but  I  must  observe  that  nothing 
matches  Morse  code  for  ver- 
satility or  CW  for  simple  rf 
communication. 

The  average  human  mind, 
trained  in  the  use  of  the  code, 
can  interpret  the  variations  in  a 
binary-state  stimulus,  deriving 
through  that  process  the  infor- 
mation being  encoded  by  the 
sender.  The  sender  can  encode 
the  vast  range  of  human 
thought  that  has  been  or  can  be 
reduced  to  words  of  human  lan- 
guage. I  believe  the  develop- 
ment of  the  code  to  be  one  of 
mankind's  most  magnificent 
achievements. 

What  do  you  suggest  replac- 
ing it  with?  I  know  next  to 
nothing  about  BASIC  or  other 
computer  languages,  but  I  do 
know  enough  to  doubt  that 
anyone  can  communicate  with 
it  using  an  rf  oscillator  keyed  by 
touching    a   couple   wires   to* 


gather,  as  many  hams  have 
done  at  one  time  or  another  As 
an  example  of  versatility  of  the 
type  of  binary  system  used  for 
transmission,  consider  the  feat 
of  surreptitious  communication 
pulled  off  by  Jeremiah  Denton 
when  "interviewed"  by  his  North 
Vietnamese  captors:  Using  the 
code,  he  spelled  out  the  word 
TORTURE  using  eyeblinks  as 
the  binary  system.  What  com- 
puter language  would  offer  such 
a  possibility? 

I'm  not  sure  that  these  com- 
ments constitute  sufficient 
reason  for  the  code  to  be  re- 
tained as  one  of  the  hallmarks 
of  the  radio  amateur,  but  radio 
amateurs  are  usually  people 
who  are  intrigued  by  the  notion 
of  action  at  a  distance.  The  idea 
of  communication  over  vast  dis- 
tances via  an  insensible  me- 
dium is  one  of  the  things  that 
"hooks"  us  on  this  hobby,  and 
the  code  makes  the  medium 
useful  with  the  teast  moving 
parts,  which  I  interpret  as  being 
efficient.  I  sincerely  believe  that 
it  should  not  be  replaced  by  a 
system  which  requires  complex 
contrivances  to  access  that 
medium. 

R.O.  Barnum,  D.M.D. 
Tahlequah  OK 

Hif  Ray — it's  good  to  hear  from 
one  of  the  "let's  go  back  to 
smoke  signals"  crowd.  I  don't 
know  what  band  you  operate, 
Ray,  but  on  most  of  the  CW 
bands  I  listen  to  i  do  not  hear  a 
vast  range  of  human  though  t  be 
ing  expressed,  just  the  usual 
garbage  of  name,  location, 
signal  strength,  my  rig  Is. .  .  and 
73.  Ad  infinitum.  The  code  is 
merely  a  way  to  send  char- 
acters, not  thoughts-  The 
characters  .  . .  the  same  ones 
we  use  on  our  typewriters  and 
that  more  and  more  hams  are 
using  for  code  generation  (if 
you've  noticed  the  ads  for  code- 
typing  systems)  .  .  .  can  be  used 
to  communicate  words.  The 
words  eventually,  in  some 
cases,  can  be  used  to  com- 
municate thought.  No  one 
wants  to  change  that.  But  it  was 
not  my  suggestion  that 
amateurs  stop  using  CW;  that's 
a  straw  man  of  your  construc- 
tion, I've  suggested  that  we  stop 
making  newcomers  hateCW  by 
jamming  it  down  their  throats. 
/Ve  tried  to  point  out  that 
anyone  who  thinks  that  the  code 
test  is  keeping  out  undesir- 
ables is  blind  to  what  has  hap- 
pened.—  Wayne. 


TEETHING  ON  CW 


The  first  thing  I  turn  to  when 
73  Magazine  arrives  each  month 
is  "Never  Say  Die."  In  spite  of 
your  caustic  comments  about 
the  FCC  and  QST,  it  makes  good 
reading. 

Over  the  past  few  months 
you've  bored  me  somewhat, 
talking  about  your  business 
acumen,  your  contact  with  the 
avant-garde  of  amateurs,  your 
DX  operations,  plus  mis- 
cellaneous  other  achievements. 
Oh,  and  your  dislike  of  CW. 

Wayne,  I  cut  my  teeth  on  CW 
in  the  early  thirties  when  that 
band  was  only  CW+  I've  con- 
tinued in  my  devotion  to  CW. 
Man,  it's  a  language;  you  have  to 
talk  it  to  retain  your  ability.  1  was 
a  Navy  Radioman  on  CW  during 
all  of  WWII.  Early  in  my  ham 
career  I  made  one  75-meter 
phone  contact.  I  had  mike  fright 
so  bad  that  it  wasn't  until  the 
early  fifties  that  I  got  on  phone 
again.  Now  I  spend  about  50% 
of  my  operating  time  on  SSB. 

Being  something  of  an  under- 
achiever  ham,  I  sincerely  ap- 
preciate your  fighting  spirit, 
Wayne.  As  you  requested,  here 
are  some  thoughts  about  our 
hobby's  social  events, 

A  repeater  group  has  a 
monthly  get-together  with  wives 
and  children  at  a  local 
restaurant.  For  each  ham,  it's  an 
ego  trip.  And  there  are  picture- 
takers  and  practical  jokers. 
Some  are  neat;  others  are  slobs. 
Some  act  educated;  some  don't. 
It's  a  strange  cross-section  of 
humanity,  all  united  by  the  bond 
of  amateur  radio.  This  group 
conducts  no  business.  The 
members  simply  accept  the 
pleasure  of  each  other's  com- 
pany. The  wife  and  I  go  as  often 
as  we  can, 

I  have  been  a  member  of  my 
local  club,  the  Shawnee 
Amateur  Radio  Club,  for  several 
years-  The  part  of  the  meeting  I 
always  enjoy  is  the  free  discus- 
sion prior  to  the  business 
meeting.  This  is  the  time  t  meet 
and  enjoy  personal  contacts 
with  the  local  hams.  Business 
meetings  are  a  drag.  I'd  prefer 
the  nitty-gritty  to  be  handled  by 
the  officers  at  another  time. 

After  the  business  session 
comes  an  "enlightening"  talk  by 
an  uninformed  member— or  a 
slightly-askew  slide  presenta- 
tion that  I  fervently  wish  I  had 
not  stayed  for.  I  stayed  for  one 
movie,  obtained  at  considerable 


effort,  which  proved  to  be  about 
15  or  20  years  behind  the  times, 
Your  suggestion  for  the  "Show 
and  Tell"  presentation  sounds 
like  a  real  winner.  I  hope  to  see 
more  of  this. 

Another  social  event  is  the 
hamfest.  Except  for  the  horrible 
crush  of  Dayton,  i  always  end  up 
with  good  vibes  from  hamfests. 

About  25  years  ago,  I  joined 
the  Quarter  Century  Wireless 
Association  and  went  to  an  out- 
ing at  Greenfield  Village  near 
Detroit.  My  immediate  reaction 
was  claustrophobia.  I  had  been 
captured  in  time  many  years 
hence.  I  wasn't  ready  for  this.  I 
am  now  a  life  member  of  QCWA. 
My  wife  and  I  attend  occasional 
dinner  meetings  in  Indianapolis, 
Another  ego  trip,  but  fun. 

Speaking  of  fun,  the  real  fun 
of  amateur  radio  is  building  <or 
buying)  and  getting  on  the  air 
with  what  you  have  to  com- 
municate with  others  of  like  per- 
suasion, talking  with  other 
hams,  making  new  friends,  and 
keeping  in  touch  with  old 
friends,  on  SSB,  FM,  CW,  RTTY, 
ASCII,  SSTVt  ATV,  OSCAR,  or 
whatever  comes  down  the  pike. 
Long  live  ham  radio! 

73  from  ex~W9IDP,  -W8HXA, 
-W5JYE,  -W0QBF,  W9MTR,  and 
-W9LNX. 

Paul  L  Schmidt  W9HD 
Bloomfield  IN 

Paul,  we  ail  had  to  cut  our  teeth 
on  CW.  There  is  nothing  to  be 
proud  of  for  that;  we  had  no 
other  choice.  If  we  can  stop  try- 
ing to  use  CW  as  a  weapon  to 
ward  off  peopie  who  want  to  be 
hams  and  value  it  as  an  art,  as 
the  real  spirit  of  amateur  radio, 
perhaps  we  can  be  proud  of  if 
then.  Right  now  f'm  ashamed  of 
CW,  for  it  has  failed  us  utterly  in 
keeping  out  the  trash.  I'm  pro- 
CW  for  fun  and  keeping  up  the 
spirit  of  amateur  radio  . . .  just 
let's  stop  turning  prospective 
hams  off  it  by  using  it  as  a 
weapon  against  them.  You're 
right  about  business  meetings 
being  a  drag  ,  .  .  keep  'em  out 
and  let  the  club/executive  com- 
mittee waste  its  hours  on  that 
bunk, — Wayne. 


CLIMB  ON! 

After  reading  all  the  latest 
about  the  League,  the  plain 
language  debate,  and  other 
such  discouraging  Issues,  it 
was  most  refreshing  to  read  the 
wonderful    article    by   Scott 


Nelson  W7KUF  about  their 
Mount  McKinley  expedition.  It  is 
really  uplifting  to  read  about  the 
true  functions  of  amateur  radio 
in  action.  If  not  anything  else,  it 
will  drive  me  to  re-up  with  13  to 
keep  informed,  join  one  of  the 
many  clubs  around  here,  and 
volunteer  for  some  of  the  ac- 
tivities for  which  the  hobby  used 
to  be  noted,  Wayne,  I  know  that 
throughout  the  years  you  have 
always  championed  the  good 
cause,  and  sometimes  I  wonder 
where  you  get  all  the  energy  for 
all  the  work  you  do.  Be  assured 
that  many  of  ham  radio's  "silent 
majority"  are  behind  you  100% 
and  your  continued  rallying  will 
drag  us  out  of  the  woodwork, 
like  me.  Have  a  great  year! 

David  R.  Waters  WA6AWZ 

San  Jose  CA 

/  feel  better  already. — Wayne, 


HOME-BREWING 


] 


Let  me  congratulate  you  on 
the  "Home-Brew  Contest," 
which  is  an  excellent  idea!  The 
current  economic  woes  of  this 
country  have  made  it  all  but  im- 
possible for  amateurs  like  my- 
self, who  have  a  family  to  sup- 
port, to  upgrade  a  station  with 
new  equipment.  Kits  and  good 
used  equipment  also  seem  out 
of  the  question.  The  home-brew 
route  provides  an  alternative  to 
this  problem.  I  would  be  able  to 
purchase  the  components  as  I 
could  afford  them  and  learn  a  lot 
more  about  the  state-of-the-art 
of  amateur  radio  as  well. 

I  might  add  that  your  idea 
underscores  what  I  feel  is  a 
growing  indifference  at  the 
ARRL  to  the  basic  needs  of  the 
amateur  While  I  will  continue  to 
remain  a  member  of  this  orga- 
nization, I  am  not  at  all  happy 
with  the  direction  they  are  go- 
ing. An  amateur  who  can  barely 
afford  to  get  on  the  low  bands  or 
two  meters  doesn't  need  arti- 
cles on  how  to  track  the  moon, 
build  a  QRP  rig  in  a  sardine  can, 
or  build  expensive  accessories. 
Granted,  they  do  publish  an  arti- 
cle on  receiver  construction  or 
the  like  from  time  to  time.  And, 
granted,  there  are  construction 
projects  in  the  Handbook,  but  I 
find  the  construction  details 
sketchy.  This,  coupled  with  the 
cost  of  the  components,  tends 
to  scare  me  off.  This  leads  me  to 
a  suggestion. 

As  you  publish  home-brew 
projects,  please  consider  the 
possibility  of  providing  detailed 

73Magazine  ■  April,  1982     135 


construction  plans.  By  this.  I 
mean  a  checklist  construction 
guide  simitar  to  the  method 
used  by  the  Heath  Company.  It 
would  certainly  give  someone 
like  me,  who  isn't  much  beyond 
the  code-oscillator  stage,  the 
confidence  to  tackle  something 
like  building  a  receiver. 

Right  now  your  business 
mind  is  probably  rejecting  this 
idea,  figuring  the  cost  in  money 
and  man  hours  that  would  be  re- 
quired to  write  step* by* step  in- 
structions, create  illustrations, 
templates,  etc.  I  agree  that  this 
would  not  be  cheap.  However, 
consider  the  possibility  of  pub- 
lishing the  construction  details 
a  section  at  a  time  over  several 
issues  of  the  magazine.  Such  a 
continuing  series  would  certain- 
ly encourage  newsstand  sales 
and  subscriptions.  The  same 
artwork  for  the  magazine  series 
could  also  be  adapted  to  your 
line  of  amateur  publications. 

The  bottom  line,  Mr,  Green,  is 
that  you  have  an  excellent  op- 
portunity to  make  a  lasting  con- 
tribution to  the  needs  of  am- 
ateur radio,  I  would  encourage 
you  to  weigh  the  possibilities  of 
this  idea  as  you  make  your 
publication  plans  for  this  con- 
test. 

A  Shy  W09 

First-rate  idea. — Wayne. 

FUN,  CHEAP,  AND 


After  reading  all  the  "crank" 
letters  in  the  January,  1982,  73, 1 
decided  to  write  one  of  my  own. 
First,  I'd  like  to  take  issue  with 
people  who  write  in  and  say  that 
amateur  radio  is  a  rich  man's 
hobby.  That's  a  silly  statement. 


Today  people  pay  $500  to  $700 
for  a  color  TV,  $10  to  $30  a 
month  for  cable  charges,  $25  for 
tickets  to  a  bowl  game  or  con- 
cert. Amateur  radio  is  cheap 
entertainment  when  compared 
to  these  other  diversions.  A 
state-of-the-art  transceiver  can 
be  bought  for  around  $500,  With 
a  little  care*  those  solid-state 
beauties  will  easily  last  ten 
years.  If  an  amateur  buys  one  of 
these  rigs,  operates  twice  a 
week,  and  brews  a  pot  of  coffee 
each  night  he  operates,  at  the 
end  of  ten  years  he  has  spent 
more  on  the  coffee  than  the  rig. 
Even  then,  he  could  recover  a 
good  fraction  of  his  investment 
by  selling  the  used  rig.  (For  ex- 
ample, check  the  prices  for  a 
used  Heath  HW-101  compared 
to  the  price  for  a  new  kit  seven 
or  eight  years  ago.  That  almost 
amounts  to  free  entertainment  J 

Next,  I'd  like  to  console  the 
old-time  tinkerers.  Tubes  are 
still  available.  They're  cheap. 
They're  functional.  If  you  want 
to  build  old-time  gear,  do  it,  I've 
built  a  few  tubeCW  transmitters 
and  have  enjoyed  the  construc- 
tion and  operation-  Please  do 
not  yell  about  others  using  in* 
tegrated  circuits  and  tran- 
sistors. The  old-timers  were 
working  with  state-of-the-art  in 
1929,  and  in  1929  tubes  were  as 
mysterious  as  integrated  cir- 
cuits are  now  (to  anyone  refus^ 
ing  to  learn),  This  is  a  hobby* 
after  all.  Relax.  Read  a  little, 
learn  a  little,  and  enjoy  a  lot. 

Jim  Owens1  letter  especially 
bothered  me  when  he  said  that 
newcomers  in  amateur  radio 
must  mortgage  their  homes  to 
buy  gear  Jimf  take  a  new  guy  to 
a  hamfest  Some  nice  Novice 


HAM  HELP 


I  am  a  Novice  who  is  in  search 
of  a  working  Heathkit  RX-1  re- 
ceiver to  complete  my  station. 
My  income  is  limited  so  the 
price  must  be  very  reasonable. 

Fred  Erickson  KA1GGN 

106  G.  St 
Turners  Falls  MA  01376 

]  need  help  in  obtaining  a 
schematic  diagram  and  manual 
for  a  Jackson  Model  CRO-2  os- 
cilloscope,  manufactured   by 

Jackson   Electrical   Instrument 
Co,,  Dayton,  Ohio.  I  would  be 


happy  to  pay  for  duplication 
or  I  will  copy  and  return  your 
original. 

Adam  J.  Patarcity  WB3LIQ 
47  Bald  Cypress  La. 
Levittown  PA  19054 

I  had  a  great  response  to  my 
request  for  information  on  the 
Hallicrafters  HT  41,  published 
in  the  December,  1981,  Ham 
Hetp,  Thank  you. 

Glenn  Churchill  KA2IOI 
Glens  Falls  NY 


gear  (e.g.,  Heath's  HW-16  with 
vfo,  90  Watts,  and  full  break-in) 
can  be  had  for  less  than  $100. 
He  doesn't  have  to  sell  his 
home,  just  carpooi  for  a  month 
and  save  a  few  bucks.  Jim  could 
even  buy  such  a  rig  as  a  spare 
and  loan  it  to  the  truly  destitute. 
When  the  beginner  upgrades  to 
a  Technician  license,  he  can 
pick  up  a  rockbound  two-meter 
rig  for  a  similar  price.  By  the 
time  he  makes  General,  he  is  no 
longer  a  newcomer. 

Lastly,  I'd  like  to  address  the 
people  who  claim  that  they  are 
technically  oriented  and  that 
amateur  radio  magazines  don't 
publish  enough  projects-  Great! 
The  next  time  you  build  a  proj- 
ect, take  notes,  take  pictures, 
write  it  up,  and  send  it  to  73. 
Share  your  ideas  with  other  am- 
ateurs, and  it  will  improve  the 
journal  you  are  criticizing. 

Amateur  radio  is  fun,  cheap, 
and  exciting.  If  you  don't  think 
so,  contribute  your  ideas  and 
improve  it.  If  you  can't  be 
bothered  to  improve  or  enjoy 
amateur  radio,  go  to  the  Y  and 
swim  a  few  laps  in  the  pool.  It 
will  be  better  tor  your  heart  and 
for  amateur  radio. 

Bradley  G.  Mauger  KB5QZ 
Greenbelt  MO 


QSL  VIA 


I  am  QSL  Manager  for  the 
newly-licensed  station  VQ9JB 
on  Diego  Garcia.  The  operator. 
Jay  Befort,  will  be  there  eight 
months  and  I  will  be  handling  all 
of  his  QSLs,  Send  your  cards  to 
477  Mose  Drive,  Biloxi  MS 39532. 

Shari  Runyan  WD5BHP 

Biloxi  MS 


LEGITIMATE? 


■■ 


] 


This  is  in  reference  to  the 
remarks  by  Tim  Daniel  N6RK  on 
cable  TV  radiation  (Letters. 
January  issue  of  73).  I  am  most 
interested,  since  I  have  a  foot  in 
each  camp. 

As  a  CATV  engineer.  I  resent 
his  shotgun  statement, 
"\ . .  many  CATV  companies  are 
reluctant  to  upset  the  apple 
cart,  much  less  spend  any 
money  that  would  result  in  a 
reduction  of  short-term  profits/' 
How  many  companies?  Which 
ones?  How  do  you  know?  What 
do  you  know  about  the  CATV 
company's  short-term  profit? 

He  says,  "The  idea  of  a 
legitimate  amateur  repeater 


shifting  its  frequency  to  accom- 
modate CATV  does  not  appeal 
to  me."  I  remind  him  that  the 
CATV  operation  is  also  'le- 
gitimate/' The  idea,  however,  is 
to  work  together  to  find  a  solu- 
tion, not  to  hurl  tenuously- 
founded  accusations.  What  he 
fails  to  see  (or  chooses  not  to 
recognize)  is  an  old  ham  prob- 
lem from  way  back;  The  CATV 
system  can  be  well  within  FCC 
specs,  i.e.T  20  uWrn  at  144.25 
MHz,  and  still  be  copied  by  a 
good  grade  of  ham  receiver 
when  the  antenna  is  near  the 
cable.  Hams  have  been  fighting 
this  forever— talking  into  a 
neighbor's  hi-fi,  although  their 
transmitters  are  well  within  FCC 
specs.  The  aim  is  to  work  with 
the  neighbor  to  resolve  the  dif- 
ficulty. 

His  final  paragraph  ", .  .per- 
haps some  high-power  trans* 
missions  on  or  about  145,25 
MHz  will  prompt  action/'  makes 
me  cringe.  Lynching  would  also 
prompt  action,  but  that,  too,  is 
unworthy  of  the  ham  fraternity, 
From  his  letter,  I  see  N8RK  as  an 
"I  don't  like  it,  so  I'll  jam  it"  men- 
tality. As  a  new  ham,  t  must  say 
he  has  a  vastfy  different  attitude 
from  the  many  Elmers  who  have 
helped  me. 

Fred  Stone  KA5MBB 
San  Angela  TX 

Fred,  you  seem  to  have  read  on- 
iy  part  of  my  response,  t  urged 
everyone  to  be  "firm  but  tact  fur' 
when  trying  to  solve  the  prob- 
lem. A  cable  system  that  meets 
the  20-uV/m  rule  is  not  "legit* 
imate"  if  it  violates  76.613b: 
"The  operator  of  a  cable  televi- 
sion system  that  causes  in- 
terference shall  promptly  take 
appropriate  measures  to 
eliminate  the  harmful  in- 
terference. "-N8RK. 


SK 


After  16  years  as  the  W2  QSL 
Bureau  Manager,  I  have  decided 
to  call  it  quits.  The  new  bureau's 
address  is  North  Jersey  DX  As- 
sociation, ARRL  2nd  District 
QSL  Bureau,  PO  Box  599t  Morris 
Plains  NJ  07950. 

Joseph  Painter  W2BHM  is  the 
new  manager  effective  January 
1, 1982.  The  card  sorting  will  be 
supervised  by  Ron  Levey  K2AIO. 

The  reason  for  giving  up  the 
job?  I  just  celebrated  my  81st 
birthday. 

Victor  "Digger"  Ulrich  WA2DIG 

Haledon  NJ 


136     73 Magazine  •  April,  1982 


RTTY  LOOP 


Marc  L  Leavey,  Af  D,  WA3AJR 
4006  Win  lee  Road 
Randattstown  MD  21133 

Wayne  is  not  overly  fond  of 
M April  Fool' '-type  articles.  I  men- 
tion this  now  because  as  I  get  in- 
to this  months  topic  some  of 
you  are  going  to  begin  to  wonder 
if  this  rs  for  real. 

What  would  you  say  to  the 
following  situation,  which  might 
be  observed  in  my  ham  shack?  I 
am  sitting  at  the  desk,  tuning 
the  receiver,  looking  for  sta- 
tions. The  speaker  calls  out  with 
a  male  voice,  "CQ  CQ  CO  DE 
N3BRB."  So  far  not  very  exciting 
sounding,  is  it?  But  what  if  I  tell 
you  that  the  station  is  transmit- 
ting on  3620  kHz  and  is  on 
RTTY?  Now  I've  got  you  I 

What  is  it  that  makes  this 
possibte?  A  rather  remarkable 
new  device  which  turns  plain 
text  into  speech.  Unlike  speech 
synthesizers  which  use  pre- 
packaged vocabularies,  this 
unit's  abilities  are  not  con- 
strained by  such  predetermi- 
nation. 

The  unit  is  the  Votrax  Type  *N 
Talk  (TNT).  Based  on  the  Votrax 
SC-01  chip,  this  is  probably  the 
most  capable  speech  syn- 
thesizer on  the  market.  Let's 
take  a  look  at  this  rather 
remarkable  device  and  then  con- 
sider how  the  RTTY-voice  is 
possible. 

The  Type  *N  Talk  is  a  small, 
two-pound  box  that  may  be  con* 

DATA    IN 


IfiPtJT > 


I 


SUFFER 


TEXT  TO 

SPEECH 

XlATE 


PSEND — —  +ril 


OUTPUT 
QUEUE 


SPEECH 

tw*P 


AMPLIFIER 


nected  to  any  computer  or 
related  device  through  an  RS* 
232C  link.  Text  to  be  spoken  is 
sent  to  it  in  plain  ASCII,  using, 
for  the  most  part,  common  spell- 
ing. The  Type  N  Tafk  contains  a 
text-to-speech  translation 
system  that  allows  pronuncia- 
tion "by  the  rules"  for  normal 
English  speech. 

The  synthesizer  is  connected 
to  the  host  computer  {similarly 
to  a  modem  or  serial  printer) 
through  an  RS-232C  interface.  A 
switch  located  on  the  rear  panel 
allows  selection  of  baud  rates  in 
the  75-  to  960Obaud  range.  The 
"clear  to  send"  (CTS)  and  "ready 
to  send"  (RTS)  lines  are  used  to 
inhibit  transfer  of  data  to  the 
Type  'N  Talk  when  the  internal 
buffer  is  full  However,  users  of 
systems  which  do  not  support 
these  functions  of  the  RS-232C 
interface  may  alter  the  feeding 
software  to  allow  for  sufficient 
delays  to  provide  for  buffer  emp- 
tying. Speech  is  generated  at  a 
rate  roughly  equivalent  to  a 
110-baud  ASCII  transmission. 

Data  sent  to  the  Type  'N  Talk 
is  stored  in  an  input  buffer  of  750 
characters.  This  is  roughly  one 
minute  of  speech.  The  need  for 
utilization  of  the  CTS-RTS  lines 
becomes  obvious  when  one 
realizes  that  at  a  data  transfer 
rate  of  1200  baud,  this  buffer  will 
be  filled  in  less  than  seven 
seconds,  or  under  one  second  at 
9600  baud. 


}- 


1 ,__- »ECHO 


->DATA  OUT 


son  WARE 

COftTROLLEQ 

SWITCHES 


<l 


'HELLO' 


The  contents  of  the  input  buf- 
fer are  then  submitted  to  an  in- 
ternal text-to-speech  translator 
which  generates  the  phoneme 
equivalents  of  the  text  input. 
These  phonemes  may  be  re- 
covered from  the  Type  'N  Talk 
for  storage  or  further  process- 
ing as  ASCII  character  strings. 
Normally,  the  output  of  the 
translator  is  held  in  a  126-byte 
output  queue,  from  which  it 
passes  to  the  SC-01  speech  chip 
for  processing. 

An  internal  amplifier  is  provid- 
ed which  is  capabfe  of  driving  an 
8-Ohm  speaker  to  an  acceptable 
volume-  Of  course,  the  audio 
may  also  be  recorded,  sent  over 
the  telephone,  or  otherwise 
manipulated. 

All  of  this  is  remarkable 
enough,  but  the  Type  N  Talk 
does  not  stop  there.  Software 
switches  are  provided,  toggled 
with  escape  sequences,  that 
allow  the  Type  +N  Talk  to  provide 
a  variety  of  functions.  For  exam- 
ple, data  sent  to  the  Type  *N  Talk 
may  be  processed  by  the  unit, 
passed  down  the  line  to  the  next 
RS-232G  device  in  a  chain,  or 
both.  The  ASCII  output  may  be 
either  an  echo  of  the  input  or  a 
phonetic  representation  of  it 
And  the  Type  *N  Talk  can  be 
disabled  but  rendered  "trans- 
parent/" so  that  it  can  share  an 
RS-232C  line  with  a  printer  or 
other  serial  device. 

Several  modes  of  operation 
also  are  provided  for  In  the  nor- 
mal mode,  the  character  group 
"MARC,"  for  example,  is  pro- 
nounced as  my  name.  Unfor- 
tunately, sending  "WA3AJR" 
results   in   a    strange   sound. 


ATTTf    111 


something  like  "wah  thre  hajr/' 
In  order  to  allow  pronunciation 
of  letter  groups,  a  CAPS  mode  is 
available.  Here,  groups  of  cap- 
ital letters,  as  a  callsign.  are 
spelled  out,  and  lowercase  text 
is  pronounced.  This  allows  a 
great  deaJ  of  flexibility  in  han- 
dling the  type  of  text  we  frequent- 
ly see  in  RTTY  (see.  there's  one 
of  those  groups!}. 

The  diagram  in  Fig,  1  is  an  at- 
tempt to  show  many  of  these 
functions  and  switches  in  a 
schematic  form.  It  should  be  ob- 
vious that  this  is  not  a  simple 
device,  but  through  its  complex- 
ity it  makes  operation  straight- 
forward. 

But  how  about  that  RTTY  pro- 
gram, I  hear  you  asking?  What  I 
did  was  take  a  routine  that 
receives  Murray  code  and 
modify  it  to  output  not  only  to 
the  screen  but  also  to  the  Type 
'N  Talk  connected  to  the  com- 
puter. I  have  also  provided 
keyboard  commands  to  switch 
from  the  CAPS  ON  mode  to  the 
CAPS  OFF,  so  that  the  CQ  is 
easily  identified  but  the  text  in  a 
message  is  pronounced  rather 
than  spelled. 

Fig.  2  is  a  flowchart  for  the 
program;  the  full  source  listing 
for  6800  computer  will  be  here  in 
RTTY  Loop  next  month. 

Turning  to  the  mailbox,  we 
find  a  note  from  Don  McAllister 
N7AVJ,  in  Cedar  City  UT,  who  is 
looking  for  RTTY  programs  to 
run  on  the  new  VIC-20  computer. 
This  new  entry  from  Com- 
modore, the  folks  who  brought 
you  the  PET,  uses  the  same  6502 
CPU  that  the  Appleand  KIM  use. 
I  suspect,  therefore,  that  some- 


C  C"T  ) 


COHVf  n T 
TO 
ASCII 


/PV7  PVT     / 


/put  out   / 

[£ZJ 


Fig.  t  Block  diagram  of  the  Votrax  Type  W  Talk. 


Fig.  2.  Flowchart  for  voice  RTTY  software. 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     137 


one  handy  with  6502  code  could 
adapt  one  of  the  many  pub- 
lished RTTY  programs  originally 
designed  for  one  of  those  to  run 
on  the  VIC. 

Don  also  would  like  to  try  to 
put  his  Sinclair  ZX-80  on  RTTY, 
Now,  there's  a  toughy!  While 
this  little  gem  uses  a  Z-SOt  my 
sources  tell  me  that  external  in- 
terfacing may  be  a  bear.  I  don't 
have  any  ieady  solutions  for 
these   problems,    Don,    If  any 


readers  do  pass  it  along,  we  will 
share  it  with  all  of  you, 

It* s  not  only  the  newer 
systems  which  keep  us  on  our 
toes,  though,  Eiston  Swanson 
W3PEE,  in  Locust  Valley  NY, 
has  a  CP/M-based  system— I 
presume  based  on  an  8080 
CPU— that  he  would  like  to  put 
on  the  air  on  Murray  code. 
Although  he  has  modem  drivers 
for  ASCII  work,  he  would  like  to 
have  a  similar  Murray  routine  to 
allow  file  transfers  and  the  like. 


There  have  been  many  RTTY 
programs  published  for  various 
8080-  and  2-80-based  systems, 
Elston,  and  we  included  a  list  of 
the  most  recent  ones  in  this  col* 
umn  a  few  months  back.  I  sug- 
gest you  look  over  some  of 
those  programs  to  see  if  you 
could  not  build  a  Murray  driver 
into  your  modem  program.  That 
might  give  you  the  flexibility  you 
desire  without  having  to  rein- 
vent the  wheel. 

Of  course,  any  readers  who 


are  running  a  GPfM-based  Mur* 
ray  system  are  encouraged  to 
share  the  information  with  us 
all.  I  never  cease  to  be  amazed 
at  the  diversity  of  equipment  be- 
ing used  to  communicate  on 
this  one  common  mode,  RTTY, 
We  started  getting  pretty 
diverse  right  here  this  month, 
what  with  a  voice  output  for 
RTTY  and  all.  The  program  and 
such  will  be  next  month's 
highlight,  along  with  more  sur- 
prises, all  here  in  RTTY  Loop. 


CONTESTS 


Robert  Baker  WB2GFB 
15  Windsor  Dr. 
At co  NJ  08004 

CW&  RTTY  WORLD 
CHAMPIONSHIPS 

CW  Event:  0000  to  2400  GMT, 

April  3 

Phone  Event:  0000  to  2400  GMT, 

April  4 

Sponsored  jointly  by  ?3Mag& 
zine  and  the  RTTY  Journal.  Use 
all  bands,  10  through  80  meters, 
on  the  specified  mode.  Cross- 
mode  contacts  do  not  count. 
The  same  station  may  be  worked 
once  per  mode. 

Operator  classes  are:  a) 
single  operalor.  single  trans- 
mitter, non-computerized;  b) 
single  operator,  single  transmit- 
ter, computerized;  c)  multi-oper- 
ator, single  transmitter,  non- 
computerized; and  d)  muliboper 
ator,  single  transmitter,  comput- 
erized. Single  operator  stations 
may  work  18  hours  maximum 
per  mode,  while  multi-operator 
stations  may  operate  the  entire 
24-hour  period.  Off  times  are  no 
less  than  30  minutes  each  and 
must  be  noted  in  logs.  To  be  el* 
igible  for  the  computerized 
class,  your  station  must  be  in- 
terfaced with  a  microprocessor- 
controlled  RTTY  and/or  CW  op- 
erating system  such  as  the 
TRS-80,  Heath/Zenith.  Apple, 
PET,  OSI,  Hal,  etc.  Utilizing  a 

138     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


memory  keyer  for  CW  does  not 
constitute  a  computerized 
station. 

Entry  categories  are:  a)  CW 
only,  b)  RTTY  only,  and  c)  CW 
and  RTTY  both. 

EXCHANGE: 

Stations  within  the  48  contig- 
uous United  States  and  Canada 
must  send  RST  and  state,  prov- 
ince, or  territory.  All  others  will 
send  RST  and  a  consecutive 
contact  number.  If  your  station 
is  computerizedr  add  the  letter 
"C1 '  to  the  end  of  your  exchange. 

SCORING: 

Count  1  QSO  point  for  each 
valid  contact,  An  additional 
bonus  point  ts  earned  if  the  sta- 
tion worked  is  computerized  and 
sent  a  "C1"  at  the  end  of  his 
exchange.  Count  1  multiplier 
point  for  each  of  the  48  contigu- 
ous United  States  and  each 
Canadian  provincetterritory  and 
DX  country  (outside  the  contigu- 
ous US  and  Canada).  The  total 
claimed  score  is  the  total  QSO 
points  times  the  total  multiplier 
points. 

AWARDS: 

Contest  awards  will  be  issued 
in  each  entry  category  and  oper- 
ator class  in  each  of  the  US  call 
districts  and  Canadian  provinc- 
es and  territories,  as  well  as  in 
each  DX  country  represented. 
Other  awards  may  be  issued  at 
the  discretion  of  the  awards 
committee.  A  minimum  of  5 
hours  and  50  QSOs  must  be 
worked  on  a  mode  to  be  eligible 
for  awards. 

ENTRIES: 

Entries  must  include  a 
separate  log  for  each  event  en- 


CALENDAR 


Apr  3-4 
Apr  1 0-1 1 
Apr  1M8 
Apr  24-25 
May  1*2 
May  15-17 
Jun  12-13 
Jun  12-13 
Jun  26-27 
Jul  10*11 
Jul  17  18 
Aug  7*8 
Aug  14-15 
Sep  11  12 
Sep  11  12 
Oct  1817 
Nov  6-7 
Nov  13-14 
Nov  20-21 
Dec  4*5 
Dec  11-12 


CW  &  RTTY  World  Championships 

CARF  Phone  Commonwealth  Contest 

ARC1  QRP  Spring  QSO  Party 

YL  ISSB  QSO  Party- Phone 

County  Hunters  SSB  Contest 

Michigan  QSO  Party 

ARRLVHF  QSO  Party 

Worldwide  South  America  CW  Contest 

ARRL  Field  Day 

IARU  Radiosport 

International  QRP  Contest 

ARRL  UHF  Contest 

European  DX  Contest— CW 

ARRLVHF  QSO  Party 

European  DX  Contest— Phone 

ARC!  QRP  CW  QSO  Party 

ARRL  Sweepstakes— CW 

European  DX  Contest— RTTY 

ARRL  Sweepstakes— Phone 

ARRL  160-Meter  Contest 

ARRL  10  Meter  Contest 


tered,  a  dupe  sheet,  a  summary 
sheet,  a  multiplier  check  list, 
and  a  list  of  equipment  used  for 
each  mode  of  operation.  Con- 
testants are  asked  to  send  an 
SASE  to  the  contest  address  for 
official  forms! 

Omission  of  the  required  en- 
try forms,  operating  in  excess  of 
legal  power,  manipulating  scores 
or  times  to  achieve  a  score  ad- 
vantage,  or  failure  to  omit 
duplicate  contacts  which  would 
reduce  the  overall  score  more 
than  2%  are  all  grounds  for  im- 
mediate disqualification. 

Entries  must  be  postmarked 
no  later  than  May  10th  and  sent 
to:  CW  and  RTTY  Champion- 
ships, c/o  The  RTTY  Journal,  PO 
Box  RY,  Cardiff  CA  92007. 


VS6  ACTIVITY  DAYS 

Starts:  0001  GMT  April  3 
Ends:  1700  GMT  April  4 

As  many  VS6s  as  possible  will 
be  active  during  this  time  period 
with  the  sole  purpose  of  giving 


as  many  QSOs  as  possible  to 
other  amateurs  worldwide.  This 
activity  is  not  meant  to  be  a  con- 
test, but  rather  a  weekend  set 
aside  to  give  DXers  and  awards 
chasers  a  chance  at  working  rel* 
atively  rare  Hong  Kong.  The 
Hong  Kong  Amateur  Radio 
Transmitting  Society  offers  two 
very  attractive  awards,  with  the 
income  from  the  awards  helping 
to  finance  the  VS6  QSL  Bureau. 

The  Nine  Dragons  Award: 
One  QSO  with  a  country  in  each 
of  the  following  9  zones— 18, 19. 
24,  25,  26,  27,  28, 29,  and  30.  The 
zone  24  QSO  must  be  with  a  VS6 
station.  Stations  within  the  9 
zones  require  2  QSOs  in  each 
zone  and  2  VS6s.  QSOs  after 
January  1,  1979,  are  accepted. 
Award  fee  is  S3  US  or  25  IRCs. 
Certified  log  extracts  should  be 
sent;  please  do  not  send  QSLs 

Firecracker  Award:  Six  QSOs 
with  different  VS6s.  QSOs  must 
be  after  January  1,  1964.  Award 
fee  is  $2  US  or  15  IRCs.  Send 
certified  log  extracts. 


Applications  for  either  award 
should  be  addressed  to  the 
Hong  Kong  Amateur  Radio 
Transmitting  Society  (HARTS)f 
PO  Box  541.  Hong  Kong.  As 
many  of  their  members  have 
QSL  managers,  you  are  urged  to 
QSL  via  the  managers  and  not 
through  the  VS6  bureau  if  at  ail 
possible! 

CARF  PHONE 
COMMONWEALTH  CONTEST 

Starts:  1200  GMT  April  10 
Ends:  1200  GMT  April  11 

All  entrants  may  use  the  full 
24-hour  contest  period.  All  radio 
amateurs  licensed  to  operate 
within  the  Commonwealth  or 
British  Mandated  Territories  are 
eligible  to  enter.  Use  SSB  only 
on  the  80-  through  1 0-meter 
bands,  Only  one  contact  may  be 
claimed  with  a  specific  station 
on  any  one  band,  and  dupli- 
cate contacts  must  be  clearly 
marked  as  such  without  claim 
for  points.  Contacts  may  be 
made  with  any  station  using  a 
Commonwealth  callsign  except 
those  within  the  entrant's  own 
call  area.  UK  stations  may  not 
work  each  other  for  points. 

EXCHANGE: 

A  contact  consists  of  an  ex- 
change and  acknowledgement 
of  an  RS  report  and  a  three- 
figure  serial  number  starting  at 
001  and  increasing  by  one  for 
each  successive  contact 
throughout  the  contest  period. 
Do  not  send  a  separate  series  of 
serial  numbers  on  each  band. 

FREQUENCIES: 

3600*  3780,  7080,  14180, 
21200,  28480. 

SCORING: 

Each  completed  contact  will 
score  5  points,  In  addition,  a 
bonus  of  20  points  may  be 
claimed  for  the  first,  second. 
and  third  contacts  with  each 
Commonwealth  call  area  on 
each  band. 

AWARDS: 

The  CARF  Phone  Common- 
wealth Contest  Plaque  will  be 
awarded  to  the  top  scoring  entry 
in  the  multi-band  class.  Certifi- 
cates will  be  awarded  to  top 
scoring  entrants  in  each  class  in 
each  Commonwealth  call  area. 

ENTRIES: 

Separate  logs  are  required  for 
each  band.  Each  band  log 
should  be  separately  totaled 
and  should  include  a  checklist 


ARIZONA 


W70N 


GEORGE  ANDERSO 

12301  V,  68  PLACI 

SC0T7SDALE,  AR 
85254  tf.S 


MARICOPA  CO 


QSL  OF  THE  MONTH:  W70N 

W70N  believes  the  best  QSL  is  the  simple  QSL  that  instantly  communicates  a  great  deal  about  your 
station's  location.  The  green  saguaro  cactus  is  the  symbol  of  his  Arizona  QTH;  it  stands  against  a  desert 
sand  brown  wood  grain  of  desert  pine.  His  cad  fetters  and  address  were  chosen  to  be  in  a  brown  western 
font  and  placed  off  center  to  balance  the  image.  The  backside  is  filled  out  using  brown  ink  to  further  the 
desert,  dry,  barren  idea. 

If  you  would  like  to  enter  our  contest,  put  your  QSL  card  in  an  envelope  and  mail  it,  along  with  your 
choice  of  a  book  from  73's  Radio  Bookshop,  to  73  Magazine,  Pine  Street,  Peterborough  NH  03458.  Atten- 
tion: QSL  of  the  Month.  Entries  which  do  not  use  an  envelope  (the  Postal  Service  does  occasionally 
damage  cards)  and  do  not  specify  a  book  will  not  be  considered. 


of  call  areas  worked  on  that 
band.  Logs  should  include,  for 
each  contact:  time  in  GMTT 
callsign  of  station  worked,  ex- 
change sent  and  received, 
points  claimed.  Separate  band 
totals  should  be  added  together 
and  total  claimed  score  entered 
on  a  summary  sheet. 

Entries  may  be  multi-band  or 
single-band.  Single-band  entries 
should  show  contacts  for  one 
band  only.  Only  single-operator 
entries  will  be  accepted.  Single- 
operator  entries  are  manned  by 
one  operator  only  who  receives 
no  assistance  whatever  during 
the  contest  period.  Multi-band 
entries  are  not  eligible  for 
single-band  awards.  Each  entry 
will  consist  of  the  separate  band 
logs,  call  area  checklists,  a  sum- 
mary sheet  and  dupe  sheets. 
Entries  should  be  addressed  to; 
CARF  Contests  &  Awards  Com- 
mittee, PO  Box  2172,  Station  D, 
Ottawa,  Ontario,  K1P  5W4 
Canada.  Under  no  circum- 
stances should  entries  for  the 
CARF  Phone  Commonwealth 
Contest  be  sent  via  the  RSGB, 
nor  should  entries  for  RSGB's 
CW  Contest  be  sent  via  CARF. 
The  closing  date  for  entries  will 
be  June  1st.  Official  summary 
sheets  are  available  for  an 
SASE, 


QRP  ARCI  SSB  QSO  PARTY 

Starts:  1200  GMT  April  17 
Ends:  2400  GMT  April  18 

Participants  may  operate  a 
maximum  of  24  hours  during  the 
contest  period.  Stations  may  be 
worked  once  per  band  for  QSO 
and  multiplier  credits. 

EXCHANGE: 

Members— RS,  state/prov- 
ince/country.  and  QRP  number. 

Non-members—  RST,  state/ 
province/country,  and  power 
input. 

SCORING: 

Each  member  OSO  counts  5 
points  regardless  of  location. 
Each  non-member  US  or  Cana- 
dian contact  counts  2  points. 
Non-members  outside  VWVE 
count  4  points.  Multipliers  are 
as  follows:  8-10  Watts  pep  out- 
put— x  2,  6-8  Watts— x  4,  4-6 
Watts— x  6,  2-4  Watts— x  8, 
and  less  than  2  Watts—  x  10. 

Stations  running  on  more 
than  10  Watts  pep  output  will 
count  as  check  logs  only.  Bonus 
multiplier  is  x  2  if  100%  natural 
power  (solar,  wind,  etc.)  with  no 
storage  or  x  1.5  if  100%  battery 
power.  Final  score  is  total  QSO 
points  times  total  number  of 
states/provincesfcountries  per 


band  times  the  power  multiplier 
times  the  bonus  multiplier  (if 
any). 

FREQUENCIES: 

1810,  3985,  7285f  14285, 
21385,  28885,  50385,  All  plus  or 
minus  to  clear  interference. 
VHF/UHF  contacts  must  be  di- 
rect and  not  through  a  repeater. 

AWARDS: 

Certificates  to  the  highest 
scoring  station  in  each  state, 
province,  or  country  with  two  or 
more  entries.  Entries  are  auto- 
matically considered  for  annual 
Triple  Crowns  of  QRP  Award. 

LOGS&  ENTRIES: 

Send  large  SASE  to  contest 

chairman  for  scoring  summary 
sheet  in  advance  of  contest. 
Separate  log  sheets  are  sug- 
gested for  each  band  for  ease  in 
scoring.  Send  full  log  data  plus 
separate  work  sheet  showing 
details  and  time(s)  off  air  No  log 
copies  will  be  returned.  All  en- 
trants desiring  results  and 
scores  please  include  a  no.10 
envelope  with  enough  US  post- 
age for  one  ounce  or  an  IRC.  It  is 
a  condition  of  entry  that  the 
decision  of  the  contest  chair- 
man of  QRP  ARCI  is  final  in  case 

73  Magazine  ■  April,  1982     139 


*  ****** lf* 

*****  ^Sitf*3 

"*ii  C*i***s^  &** 


QC* 


NEWSLETTER  CONTEST  WINNER 

This  month's  winner  is  published  by  the  Metroplex  Amateur 
Communications  Association,  a  large  repeater-oriented 
group  based  in  northern  New  Jersey.  Editor  WA20VG  is  a 
commercial  designer,  and  his  influence  clearly  shows,  The 
Metroptex  newsletter  is  beautifully  designed,  with  excellent 
layout  and  classy  typography,  A  newsletter  that  looks  good 
not  only  attracts  readers,  but  also  catches  the  eye  of  poten- 
tial advertisers,  With  over  a  page  and  a  haJf  of  advertising  in  a 
six-page  issue,  Metroplex  is  able  to  cover  a  large  percentage 
of  the  cost  of  the  newsletter  without  undue  drain  on  the  club's 
treasury. 

The  moral  of  the  month  Is:  Utilize  the  talents  of  your 
members.  If  you  have  a  printer,  commercial  artist,  journalist, 
or  photographer  in  your  club,  try  to  convince  him  to  donate 
some  of  his  time  and  talent  to  the  cause.  A  club's  greatest 
asset  is  its  members— don't  let  their  talents  go  to  waste. 


of  dispute.  Logs  must  be  re- 
ceived by  May  20th.  Logs  re- 
ceived after  that  date  or  missing 
information  will  be  used  as 
check  togs.  Send  logs  and  scor* 
ing  information  to:  QHP  ARC) 
Contest  Chairman,  William  W. 
Dickerson  WA2JOC,  352  Cramp- 
ton  Drive*  Monroe  Ml  48161. 

ARBOR  DAY  CELEBRATION 

Starts:  2400  GMT  April  23 
Ends:  0600  GMT  April  26 

A  special  events  station  will 
be  operating  from  the  Nebraska 
State  Arbor  Lodge,  former  home 
of  J.  Sterling  Morton,  founder  of 
Arbor  Day,  in  Nebraska  City, 
Nebraska,  during  the  annual  Ar- 
bor Day  Celebration.  This  sta- 
tion, in  addition  to  other  club 
member  stations,  will  be 
operating  m  the  General  portion 
of  the  phone  and  CW  bands  on 
80  through  10  meters.  All 
amateurs  contacting  this  sta- 
tion or  any  other  club  member 
station  during  this  time  will  be 
eligible  to  receive  an  Arbor  Day 
commemorative  certificate  from 
the  Nebraska  City  Amateur 
Radio  Club.  Please  send  one 
dollar  and  a  business-size  self- 
addressed  envelope  tor  John  A. 
Royal  W0GRB,  PO  Box  146, 
Nehawka  NE  68413. 

YL  ISSB  QSO  PARTY— PHONE 

Starts:  0001  GMT  April  24 
Ends:  2359  GMT  April  25 

Two  six^hour  rest  periods  are 
required.  Operating  categories 
include:  single  operator,  DX/WK 
teams,  and  YUOM  teams.  All 
bands  will  be  used  and  the  same 
station  may  be  contacted  on  dif- 

140    73  Magazine  ■  April.  1982 


ferent  bands  for  contact  points 
but  not  as  country  multipliers. 
Two  meters  may  be  used,  but 
contacts  must  be  direct  and  not 
through  repeaters. 

EXCHANGE: 

Name,  RSt  SSBer  number, 
country,  state,  and  partner's 
call  If  no  partner,  leave  blank 
If  non-memberT  send  "NO 
NUMBER/ 

SCORING: 

i 

Score  five  points  for  each 
member  contacted  on  any  con- 
tinent, Non-member  contacts 
count  one  point.  Only  member 
station  contacts  count  for  multi- 
pliers.  Multipliers  are  each 
state,  country,  and  province, 
and  also  each  team  contacted, 
but  only  once  for  each  team. 
When  DX/WK  partners  contact 
each  other,  it  counts  as  a  double 
multiplier.  Final  score  is  sum  of 
QSO  points  times  the  total 
multiplier. 

ENTRIES: 

Logs  must  show  date/time 
(GMT),  RS,  SSBer  number,  part* 
ner's  callt  mode  of  operation, 
band,  and  period  of  rest  time. 
Summary  sheets  show  number 
of  states,  Canadian  provinces, 
countries,  YUOM  teams,  DX/WK 
teams,  and  partner  contacts. 
Send  logs,  summary  sheets,  and 
completed  YL  ISSB  QSO  Party 
applications  to  Minnie  Connolly 
KA0ALX,  Star  Rt.  #1,  Crocker 
MO  65452.  Anyone  needing 
blank  forms  or  additional  infor- 
mation, send  an  SASE  to  the 
above  address. 


RESULTS 

RESULTS  OF  THE 

1981  CARF  PHONE 

COMMONWEALTH  CONTEST 


Class 

Callsign 

Score 

QSOs 

Bonus 

Place 

A 

VE1ASJ 

6360 

ryuk 

182 

1 

A 

G3FXB 

5740 

448 

175 

2 

■T^ 

VE5RA 

5730 

482 

166 

3 

A 

VE3GCO 

5180 

396 

160 

4 

A 

VP2VGR 

4130 

390 

109 

5 

A 

VE5BBD 

2915 

227 

89 

6 

A 

G4APL 

2465 

129 

9T 

7 

A 

VE2ZP 

2395 

139 

85 

6 

A 

VK7BC 

2245 

113 

84 

9 

A 

VK6FS 

2160 

136 

79 

10 

A 

VE3UD 

1685 

117 

55 

11 

A 

VE4RP 

1375 

103 

43 

12 

A 

G3ZRL 

815 

59 

26 

13 

A 

VE3KFZ 

(op.  VE3HWS) 

605 

30 

23 

14 

A 

VE3GWM 

305 

13 

12 

15 

14 

VE3KKB 

1440 

96 

48 

1 

14 

GW3MPB 

390 

18 

15 

2 

How  the  leaders  made  their  scores:  OSOs  versus  bonus  point 
QSOs  broken  down  by  band. 


Band 


3.5 


14 


21 


26  MHz 


VE1ASJ 

13/12 

26/14 

83/47 

110/41 

312/68 

G3FXB 

4/4 

16/12 

155/61 

140/51 

133/47 

VE5RA 

1/1 

30/25 

120/52 

80/29 

251/59 

VE3GGO 

7/6 

15/15 

195/67 

54/25 

125/47 

VP2VGR 

— fi 

— 

115/39 

53/28 

222/42 

COUNTY  HUNTERS 
SSB  CONTEST 

Contest  Periods: 

0001  to  0800  GMT  May  1 

1200  GMT  May  1  to 

0600  GMT  May  2 

1200  to  2400  GMT  May  2 

Please  note  the  two  4-hour 
rest  periods. 

Mobiles  may  be  worked  each 
time  they  change  counties  or 
bands,  Mobiles  that  are  worked 
again  from  the  same  county  on 
a  different  band  count  for  point 
credit  only;  Mobiles  that  are 
contacted  on  a  county  line 
count  as  one  contact  but  2  mul- 
tipliers. Fixed  stations  may  be 
worked  by  other  fixed  stations 
only  once  during  the  contest. 
Repeat  QSOs  between  fixed  sta* 
tions  on  other  bands  are  not  per- 
mitted. Fixed  stations  may  be 
worked  by  mobiles  each  time 
they  change  counties  or  bands. 
Repeat  contacts  between  mo- 
biles are  permitted  provided 
they  are  on  a  different  band  or 
county.  Mixed  mode  contacts 
are  permitted  provided  that  one 
station    is  on   SSB,   Contacts 


made  on  net  frequencies  will  not 
be  allowed  for  scoring  in  this 
year's  contest. 

EXCHANGE: 

Signal  report,  county,  and 
state  or  country. 

FREQUENCIES: 

Suggested  frequencies  are  as 
follows:  3920-3940,  7220-7240, 
14275-14295,  21375-21395. 
28625-28650. 

There  will  be  a  "Mobile  Win- 
dow" of  10  kHz  on  the  following 
frequencies:  3925-3935,  7225- 
7235.  14280-14290.  Mobiles  will 
be  in  this  10-kHz  segment  and 
fixed  stations  are  asked  to 
refrain  from  calling  MCQ  CON- 
TEST' in  the  mobile  window. 
After  working  mobiles  in  the 
windowt  fixed  stations  are  re- 
quested  to  QSY  outside  the  win- 
dow to  work  fixed  stations  in  the 
contest.  This  will  allow  the 
mobiles  running  lower  power  a 
chance  to  be  heard  and  worked 
in  the  contest.  There  wilt  be  a 
special  effort  to  work  DX  on 
28.636  by  mobiles. 


SCORING: 

Contact  with  a  fixed  US  or 
Canadian  station  =  1  point. 
Contact  with  a  DX  station  (KL7 
and  KH6  count  as  DX)  =  5 
points.  Mobile  contacts  =  15 
points.  MuJliplier  =  total  US 
counties  +  Canadian  stations. 
Score  =  multiplier  x  total  QSO 
points. 


AWARDS; 

MARAC  plaques  to  the 
highest  scoring  fixed  US  or 
Canadian  station,  DX  station, 
and  2  top-scoring  mobile  sta- 
tions. Certificates  to  the  top  10 
fixed  and  mobile  stations  in  the 
US  and  Canada  and  to  the 
highest  scoring  station  in  each 
DX  country. 


ENTRIES: 

Logs  must  show  date  and 
time,  station  worked,  reports  ex- 
changed, county,  state,  bandt 
claimed  QSO  points  (1,5,  or  15), 
and  each  new  multiplier  must  be 
numbered.  Logs  and  summary 
sheets  are  free  for  a  #10  SASE  or 
SAE  and  appropriate  IRCs. 
Write    to:    John    Ferguson 


W0QW3,  3820  Stonewall  Ct,  ln^ 
dependence  MO  64055. 

All  entries  must  be  received 
by  June  15th  to  be  eligible  for 
awards.  DX  entries  should  use 
air  maiL  Winners  will  be  an- 
nounced at  the  1982  Indepen- 
dent County  Hunters  Conven- 
tion during  July  and  in  the 
MARAC  Newsletter. 


AWARDS 


Biff  Gosney  KE7C 
Micro-80,  inc. 
2665  North  Busby  Road 
Oak  Harbor  WA  96277 

NOVICES  TO  NOVICE 

Novices*  take  heart — here  is  a 
mini-expedition  for  you!  Begin- 
ning April  17th  at  1800  Zulu  and 
continuing  until  1800  Zulu  on 
the  18th,  the  North  Texas  Hfgh- 
Frequency  Association  will  be 
operating  the  Novice  bands 
from  Novice,  Texas.  Look  for  the 
mini-expedition  about  the  cen- 
ter of  the  Novice  bands,  signing 
the  call  KC5YN  (Young  Novice). 
Operators  will  work  your  calling 
speed  (if  you're  not  too  fast),  so 
don't  worry  about  calling.  A 
commemorative  QSL  will  be 
issued  to  all  stations  worked 
who  send  a  legal-sized  SASE. 

The  NTH  FA  is  the  same  group 
that  brought  you  "Phone  From 
Telephone,  Texas/'  the  ''Alter- 
nate Olympics"  from  Moscow, 
Texas,  and  the  annual  mini- 
expedition  from  the  decks  of  the 
Battleship  Texas,  moored  in  the 
Houston  ship  channel 

We  look  forward  to  working 
you,  Novice  or  not,  from  Novice, 
Texas;  remember  to  "Keep  Call- 
ing Five  Young  Novices." 

SOUTH  EAST  QUEENSLAND 
TELETYPE  GROUP  AWARD 

This  award  is  open  to  all 
transmitting  and  listening 
amateurs.  Australian  amateurs 
must  score  5  points;  overseas 
amateurs  must  score  3  points. 

To  qualify,  a  station  must, 
where  possible,  copy  the  official 
station  of  the  South  East 
Queensland  Teletype  Group, 
VK4TTY,  during  a  news  broad- 
cast, and,  in  the  case  of  a 
transmitting  amateur,  par- 
ticipate in  the  call-back  {2 
points).  A  portion  of  the  printout 
of  the  news  broadcast  together 


with  the  date,  time,  frequency, 
and  broadcast  number  are  to  ac- 
company the  request  for  the 
award. 

Additionally,  a  transmitting 
amateur  must  work  three 
member  stations  of  the  SEQTG 
on  RTTY  (1  point  each).  Log  ex^ 
tracts  and/or  printouts  are  to  be 
included  with  the  award  applica- 
tion, and  each  member  station 
may  be  counted  only  once  to* 
wards  the  award. 

Listening  amateurs  should,  in 
lieu  of  (b),  forward  log  extracts 
and/or  printouts  of  three  con- 
tacts involving  different 
member  stations  of  the  SEQTQ 
(1  point  each). 

Applicants  for  the  award 
should  forward  the  above  infor- 
mation together  with  one  dollar 
Australian  or  5  IRCs  to  cover 
postage  and  printing  costs,  to: 


the  Secretary,  SEQTG,  PO  Box 
184,  Fortitude  Valley,  QLD  4006, 
Australia. 

MARCCO  AWARDS 

The  Mobile  Amateur  Radio 
Club  of  Colorado  (MARCCO)  is 
an  organization  of  licensed 
amateur  radio  operators  who 
engage  in  HF  mobile  opera- 
tions. Meetings  are  held  at  noon 
on  the  first  Friday  of  every 
month  at  Wyatfs  Cafeteria, 
Cherry  Creek  Shopping  Center, 
Denver.  Visiting  rnobilers  are  in- 
vited to  attend  the  monthly 
meetings  whenever  they  are  in 
Denver. 

Current  MARCCO  officers  are 
J.D.  Jones  WB0BNPt  president, 
Rich  High  WQHEP,  vice  presi- 
dent and  awards  chairman,  Paul 
R  Hultquist  WB0SEQ,  secre- 
tary/treasurer, and  John  S. 
Seale,  Jr.  KD0U,  nominating 
committee  chairman. 

MARCCO  has  established 
several  awards  effective 
January  1,  1981.  Among  them 
are: 

•  WACCO  Award— Worked  mo- 
biles  in  all  Colorado  counties. 


•  Borderto-Border  and  Coast- 
to-Coast  Awards — Worked  mo- 
biles in  an  unbroken  string  of 
counties  from  Canada  to  Mex- 
ico or  from  the  At  I  antic  Ocean  to 
the  Pacific  Ocean.  Any  string 
must  contain  at  least  three  Col- 
orado counties. 

•  WAMTZ  Award— Worked  mo- 
biles  in  all  counties  in  the  Moun- 
tain Time  Zone. 

As  a  gesture  of  respect  and 
affection  for  the  late  Bing  Miller 
W0GVT  a  charter  member  of 
MARCCO,  the  club  will  continue 
the  Worked  All  Bingo  award  he 
established  for  working  in  all 
Colorado  counties.  It  will  be  call- 
ed the  WQGV  Memorial  Award 
and  will  be  given  for  working  the 
same  mobile  in  each  of  the  63 
Colorado  counties.  Persons 
who  already  have  worked  Bing 
in  one  or  more  Colorado  coun- 
ties, regardless  of  date,  may 
combine  these  contacts  with 
those  obtained  from  any  other 
single  mobile  In  the  remaining 
counties  to  qualify  for  the 
award. 

Log  information  is  sufficient 
for  all  MARCCO  awards. 


E3 


9N&l£.' DOUBLE 


netful  cannot 


The  South 


GARAGE 


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Li) 

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73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     141 


RMELE„ 


*ftt^  STOP  K  t  C  K AM1.W3 


KEVBGdftD 


For  more  information  con- 
ceming  awards,  contact  Rich 
High  W0HEPT  MARCCO  Awards 
Chairman,  451  East  58th  Avenue 
239B,  Denver  CO  80216; 
telephone  (303^-595-9286. 

WORKED  ITALIAN 
ISLANDS  AWARD 

The  WHAt  formerly  issued  by 
the  DX  Old  Timers  Club 
(DXOTG),  was  discontinued 
when  the  club  ceased  its  activi- 
ty. The  award  has  now  been 
resumed  by  ARL  The  new  award 
series  will  start  with  num- 
ber 101. 

Scope:  The  award  is  issued  in 
order  to  promote  activity  from 
islands  belonging  to  Italy  and. 
especially,  from  minor  islands. 

Mode:  The  award  will  be 
issued  for  2xCW,  2xSSB,  and 


2xRTTY.  No  cross  modes  or 
mixed  modes  are  allowed.  The 
award  is  also  available  for  SWL 
with  no  mode  restrictions. 

Bands:  Contacts  (or  heards) 
can  be  made  on  any  band  be- 
tween 3,5  and  29.7  MHz,  in- 
cluding those  allocated  by 
WARC  79  as  soon  as  they  are 
officially  allowed  in  Italy. 

Validity:  Contacts  (or  heards) 
made  on  January  1,  1982,  or 
after  will  count  for  this  award. 

Contacts:  The  award  will  be 
issued  for  contacts  (or  heards) 
with  not  fewer  than  10  islands  or 
island  groups  according  to  the 
following  list:  Tuscan  Ar- 
chipelago IAS*  Ponziane  Islands 
IBdt  Neapolitan  Archipelago 
IC8,  Eolie  (or  Lipari)  Islands  ID9, 
Island  of  Ustica  IE9t  Egadi 
Islands   IF9t   Pelagic   Islands 


(Lampedusa,  etc.)  IG9,  Island  of 
Pantelleria  IH9f  Cheradi  Islands 
IJ7T  Tremiti  Islands  IL7t  Minor 
Islands  surrounding  the  Island 
of  Sardinia  IMQ,  Sardinia  Island 
ISO,  Sicily  Island  IT9.  for  a  total 
of  13.  A  special  endorsement 
will  be  mentioned  in  the  award  if 
all  13  islands  are  contacted  (or 
heard). 

In  order  to  be  credited  for  the 
award,  contacts  (or  heards) 
shall  be  made  with  stations  per- 
manently located  on  an  island 
or  island  group.  Credit  also  will 
be  given  for  contacts  (or  heards) 
made  with  stations  operating 
temporarily  from  such  loca- 
tions. These  stations  shall  iden- 
tify themselves  by  using  their 
regular  call  followed  by  the 
prefix  assigned  to  that  specific 
island  or  island  group. 


Application:  Applications 
shall  include  all  data  regarding 
contacts  (or  heards)  made.  Ap- 
plicant's name  and  address 
should  be  in  block  letters  and 
should  be  forwarded  with  OSLs 
or  other  type  of  written  con- 
firmation of  the  contacts  (or 
heards)  made  together  with  3  US 
dollars  or  10  IRCs  to:  ARl  Award 
Manager.  G.  Nucciotti  18KDB. 
Via  Francanzano  31,  80127 
Napoli,  Italy. 

GCR  will  not  be  accepted. 

PONY  EXPRESS  DAY 

The  Missouri  Valley  Amateur 
Radio  Club  will  hold  its  third  an- 
nual Pony  Express  Day  on  April 
10,  1982,  from  1000  to  1900  GST. 
The  event  commemorates  the 
original  running  of  the  Pony  Ex- 


97  WD60FN 
100   N6BDI 
103  K9GHP 
106  WBHTM 
109  K3STM 
112  ZS6ABA 

115  VElACK 

116  HC2RG 


154  WD6FDN 
157  K8BDI 

160  WA2WRD 
163  W7HAZ 
166  WA9AMZ 
169  KG9Q 
172  WB0CHS 
175  AL70 
178  VE3MAM 

161  AG7P 
184  N6ATS 
187   N3ALL 
190  OE22Q7101 
193  N3AKQ 
196  AK0G 

199  wevuz 

202  KA2MIM 
206  PY3BTR 
208  KA5BOM 
211    VK2NHV 


73  MAG AZ tHE  AWARDS  PROGRAM 

Wort  the  World  Award 

98  KN4F 
101  WBSNOV 
104  W0YBV 
107  N6ATS 
110  9G1RT 
113  VKZHO 
116  PY2BTR 
119  WA9IVU 

North  American  Award 

155  KOUKO 
158  K3WUR 
161    KN4F 
164  WB4PHW 
167  WB9NOV 
170  K9GHP 
173  KA7GIN 
176  DFH-1000742 
179  WA1UDH 
182  WA8KMK 
185  WD4JEQ 
188  WNBGUE 
191   KABJHD 
194  9G1HT 
197  OK-DR1239 
200  VK2HD 
203  VE3JPJ 
206  VE1ACK 
209  KBSWJ 
212  KC3W 


99  WA2WRD 
102  KA3DBN 
106  KA7GIN 
108  KC5TK 
111   WA2LYF 
114  VE3LVN 
117  VE3JPJ 
120  VK2NHV 


166  W8UMP 
159  WB8PRK 
162  KA3FUU 
16S  WA9IVU 
168  AK5G 
171  WB7WQS 
174  W8HTM 
177  KB2WH 
180  KA1UA 
183  K9IML 
186  K3STM 
189  0A1AS 
192  WD9IBM 
195  KL7IS0 
198  ZS6ABA 
201    HC2RG 
204  SV1QJ 
207  VE3LVN 
210  WD0EPV 


115  K8BDI 
118  KA308N 
121  W*YBV 
124  AI70 
127  K3STM 
130  VK2KEW 
133  WA2LYF 
136  WA9IVU 
139  HC2RG 


120  WD6FDN 
123  K3WUR 
126  DFH  1000742 
129  WB9NQV 
132  OE2-207181 
135  W8HTM 
138  KA1UA 
141    K3STM 
144  N3ALL 
147  OK-DR1239 
150  VK2HD 
153  VE3JPJ 
156  VE1ACK 
159  VK2NHV 


176  OE2207161 
179  KA9ENM 
182  K3WUR 
185  WA2WRD 
188  W7HAZ 
191  W9NTU 
194  W99NOV 
197  WB7WOB 


116  K&GHP 
119  W7HAZ 
122  W8HT1W 
125  N6ATS 
T28  W&VUZ 
131  OKDR1239 
134  VE3LVN 
137  PY2BTR 
140  VK2H0 

African  Award 

121   N8SDI 
124  WA2WRD 
127  KA3FUU 
130  K9GHP 
133   KC5TK 
136  K9IML 
139  N6ATS 
142  OE6CTG 
145  WA6KMK 
148  ZS6ABA 
151    HC2RG 
154  PY2BTR 
157  VE3LVN 


European  Award 

177  WD6DFN 
1B0  W8UMP 
183  WB8PRK 
1B6  KN4F 
1B9  WB9PMW 
192  WA9IVU 
1 95  AK5G 
198  W9CC 


117  WB9NOV 
120  KA3FUU 
123KA7GIN 
126  KCSTK 
129  ZSGABA 
132  9G1RT 
135  VE1ACK 
138  VE3JPJ 
141    VK2NHV 


122  W1SIX 
125  KN4F 
128  WA9IVU 
131   WB3BVL 
134  KA7GIN 
137  WQYBV 
140  WD4JEQ 
143   PY2RHL 
146  9G1RT 
149  W8VUZ 
152  8P60V 
155  KB2WH 
158  KC4YY 


178  OFH-10QO742 
181    NBBOI 
184  WB9KUV 
187  KA3FUU 
190  W9NTU 
193  KA6EBE 
196  K9GHP 
199  KB2WH 


South  American  Award 

200  KL7NX 

201   A!70 

202  VE7ADA 

137  WD6DFN 

138  KN4F 

139  WA2WRD 

203  KG90 

204   KA7GIN 

205  W&HTM 

140  W&8PRK 

141   K3WUR 

142  N8BDI 

206  WA1U0H 

207  KA1UA 

208  KA2JDP 

143  WB7WOB 

144   K9GHP 

145  AK5G 

209  PY10WM 

210  AG7P 

211  WA8KMK 

146  WB9NOV 

147  WA9IVU 

148  W7HAZ 

212  OZ5EOR 

213  WD9INF 

214  KH60RT 

149  KA3FUU 

150  W8HTM 

151   KA7GIN 

215  PY3CJS 

216  N6ATS 

217  4Z4VG 

152  KG90 

153  WD4JEO 

154  N6ATS 

218  N8CJF 

219  WD4JEQ 

220  rOSTM 

155  K9IML 

156  WA8KMK 

157  AG7P 

221   N3ALL 

222  PY2RAN 

223  PY2RHL 

158  PY1DWM 

159  WA1UDH 

160  N3AKQ 

224  PY2JTO 

225  PY2DJC 

226  DAI  AS 

161    KAflJHD 

162  PY2TTV 

163  PY2RHL 

227  KA2JJK 

228  DU1CPL 

229  PY2TTV 

164   N3ALL 

165  K3STM 

166  W09IBM 

230  KABJHD 

231  W09I&M 

232  9G1RT 

167  W8VU2 

168  ZS6ABA 

169  AK0G 

233  PY1EWN 

234  KL71SO 

235  AK9G 

170  KL71SO 

171  9G1RT 

172  VE3LVN 

236  OKOR1239 

237  VK2KEW 

238  2S6ABA 

173  VE1ACK 

174  AL70 

175  KB2WH 

239  W8VU2 

240  VK2HD 

241   HC2RG 

176  PY2BTR 

177  RY2AJK 

178  SV1GJ 

242  KA2MIM 

243  PY1BVY 

244  VE3JPJ 

179  VE3JPJ 

180  KA2MJM 

181   HC2RG 

245  PY2AJK 

246  PY2BTH 

247  VE1ACK 

182  VK2H0 

183  KC3W 

184  WDtAVG 

248  VE3LVN 

249  KC3W 

250  VK3NHV 

185  VK2NHV 

Oceanic  Award 

Allan  Award 

108  W06F0N 

109  KN4F 

110  WA2WRO 

109  W06F0N 

110  OE2  207181 

111    DFH-1000742 

111  N8BDI 

112  AK1H 

113  K9GHP 

112  KMF 

113  WA2WRD 

114  K3WUR 

114  AK5G 

115  WB9NQV 

116  DF9ZP 

142     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


press  from  St.  Joseph,  Missouri, 
to  Sacramento,  California.  This 
year  the  Club  also  will  help  the 
City  of  St  Joseph  celebrate  the 
100th  anniversary  of  the  death 
of  the  outlaw  Jesse  James.  This 
will  be  accomplished  by  offering 
along  with  the  Pony  Express  cer- 
tificate a  wanted  poster  of  Jesse 
James. 

Anyone  making  contact  with 
the  Club  station,  WQNH,  is  eligi- 
ble to  receive  both  certificates. 
The  operating  frequencies  will 
be  10  kHz  from  the  bottom  of  the 
Genera  J  phone  bands  on  15,  20, 
40,  and  75  meters.  On  10  meters, 
the  frequency  will  be  28.575.  The 
CW  bands  will  be  28.150  on  10 
meters,  21 .1 50  on  1 5  meters,  and 
7,125  on  40  meters. 

All  that  is  necessary  to 
receive  both  certificates  is  to 


send  two  first  class  postage 
stamps  and  a  QSL  card  to  the 
Missouri  Valley  Amateur  Radio 
Club,  401  N.  12th  Street,  St. 
Joseph  MO  64501. 

ALGOA  BRANCH  AWARD 

This  award  is  available  free  of 
charge  to  amateurs  throughout 
the  world. 

Amateurs  outside  zone  38 
must  make  at  least  ten  contacts 
with  Algoa  Branch  members  on 
at  least  three  different  bands. 
Only  one  contact  per  branch 
member  per  band  will  count.  A 
sticker  for  each  extra  band  will 
be  supplied  on  application,  with 
proof  of  contact  All  contacts 
must  be  made  subsequent  to 
the  formation  of  the  Algoa 
Branch  on  April  14, 1979. 


A  copy  of  the  log  or  full  details 
of  contacts  must  accompany 
the  application  to:  The  Awards 
Managert  Algoa  Branch  Award, 
PO  Box  10050T  Port  Elizabeth 
6015,  Republic  of  South  Africa. 

Algoa  Branch  members  are 
as  follows;  those  with  the 
asterisk  are  members  known  to 
be  active  on  the  DX  bands. 


ZS2AP 

•ZS2JS 

*ZS2RB 

2S2AR 

ZS2KU 

ZS2RG 

ZS2BE 

ZS2LM 

ZS2RH 

•2S2BS 

ZS2LN 

•ZS2RN 

*2S2C 

ZS2MD 

ZS2RR 

ZS2CC 

ZS2MF 

*ZS2SI 

*ZS2DJ 

•ZS2MG 

*ZS2SP 

'ZS2DK 

'ZS2NC 

*ZS2U 

VS2EK 

ZS2NH 

ZS2UI 

*ZS2HU 

ZS20C 

ZS2W 

ZS2JC 

ZS20D 

'ZS2WG 

ZS2JE 

U.S.S.  NORTH  CAROLINA 

The  Azalea  Coast  Amateur 
Radio  Club  will  be  operating 
from  the  battleship  U.S.S.  North 
Carolina,  Wilmington  NC,  on 
April  17  and  18  from  0630  to  1800 
EST.  The  operating  frequencies 
will  be  25  kHz  up  from  the  lower 
edge  of  the  General  class  phone 
band. 

Please  OSL  to  the  Azalea 
Coast  Amateur  Radio  Club 
(W040RA),  PO  Box  4044,  Wil- 
mington NC  28406,  and  include 
an  SASE. 

ALAMO  DXPEDITION 

The  Border  Amateur  Radio 
Society  and  the  Uvalde  Radio 
Club  will  hold  their  annual 
Alamo  Village  DXpeditfon  on  the 
weekend  of  April  17>18.  W5LFG 
will   be  working  all  bands  on 


117  KA3DBN 
T20  KA7GIN 
t23  AL70 
126  WA9VU 
129  KH6DRT 
132  K3STM 
135  KL7ISO 
138  VE1ACK 
141   WB6SZZ 
144  VK2KHV 


75  W06FDN 
78  KN4F('80) 
61    K9IWL 
04   N6ATS 
87  VK2HD(79) 
90  9G1RT 
93  VK2NHV 


1   AA8Z 
4  WDSMAS 
7  W82FFY 
10  WB9UIA 
13  VE1ACK 


12  WA2SRM 

15  VK6YL 

IB  N6ATS 
21  SV1GJ 


1  WB4WRE/M 
4  WOtAVQ 
7  WDSJRO 
10  WB9WFZ 


1T8  W7HAZ 
12!  W0Y0V 
124  KC5TK 
127  N6ATS 
130  AG7P 
133  2SCA6A 
136  9G1RT 
139  PY2BTR 
142  HC2RG 


DX  Country  Club  Award 

2  x  SS& 
76  SP60V 
79  WA9IVU 
B2  AG7P 
85  KE7C 
88  VK2HD  180} 
91   SVtGJ 
94  CT2CQ 

2xGW 

2  W7ULC 

5  WB7PKD 

8  WB3BVL 
11  VE1BWP 
T4  KC3W 

OX  Capitals  of  Iht  World 

13  WA2YEX 
1G  OE8MOK 
19  VK2HD 
22  VE1ACK 

10- Met  or  DX  Decade  Award 

2  AC3Q 
5  DA2AL 
S  WA4ZLZ 
11   W8AKS/6 

Specialty  Communications  Award 
Class  A— Work  Ait  States 


1  WA6VGS  (Via  OSCAR  8  Satellite) 

2  KE7C        (Via  RTTY) 


Class  At— Over  70  DX  Countries 


1  W20DA 

{RTTY) 

2  WBflQCD 

(SSTV) 

3  WB7BFK 

{RTTY) 

4  WBflQCD 

(RTTY) 

5  WD9QPI 

(RTTY) 

8  WB6CDM 

(RTTY) 

7  N3AKO 

(RTTY} 

8  DU1EFZ 

{RTTY) 

9  K3WUR 

(RTTY) 

10  WB2VTD 

(RTTY) 

11   PY3CJS 

(RTTY) 

12  KE7C 

(RTTYJ 

13  AL70 

(RTTY) 

14  PY1EWN 

(RTTYI 

15  OE1P6A 

(RTTY) 

119  W8HTM 
122  K9IML 
126  W04JEQ 
128  KH6JJC 
131  OE2-20718! 
134  VK3KEW 
137  VE3LVN 
140  VE3JPJ 
143  VK2HD 


77  KN4F(79) 
00  W7HA2 
83  KA1UA 
86  KA3FUU 
89  VK2HDC81) 
92  WA8KMK 
95  HC2RG 


3  SM5AKT 
6  W&YBV 
9  WB9LMA 
12  KA2EAO 


14  DF70Q 
17  BP60V 
2D  ZS6ABA 


3  W5TJQ 

8  WS4TZA 

9  WB8LSV 
12  KA3FUU 


Worked  All  USA  Award 

Mixed  Band 

54  N7CPE 

55  KA3GSN 

56  KA3FUU 

57  KA4VNS 

58  AG7P 

59  NSCJF 

60  KA5EEZ 

61  KA7JNP 

62  WA9IVU 

63  6P60V 

64  KA7CP2 

66  AK0G 

66  VE3JPJ 

67  HC2RG 

68  KAfcTTT 

69   KA2MIM 

6  Meters 

1   WB0ZKG 

2  K6PHE 

3  N4BJJ 

4  KA5QDE 

5  WB5SND 

6  K3MFV 

7   N4QH 

8  N5DDB 
TO  Meters 

1    KL7IEN 

2  W5ZKJ 

3  VE1BVO 

4  JH8DSC 

5  VK7NBT 

6  VE1BWP 

7  N4QH 

15  Meters 

1  WD5DRB 

Z  WA&CEL 

3  KA6AC0 

4  W86CDM 

5  KA4IFF 

6  WB9UKS 

7  N4QH 

8  W87VBQ 
20  Meters 

6  WB9UKS 

7  VK6YL 

8  N8BDI 

9  N4QH 

10  KAflBOS 

3  KA5AOP 

4  KS4B 

5  W89UKS 

6  KB5FN 

7  WAiRVK 

8  N4QH 

1 60  Meters 
1   KC8P 

District  Endurance  Award 

3  W4PCK 

5  WA4ZLZ 

(54  min ) 

6  GI4KCE 

(aa 

min.) 

7  WA2MCE 

(54  min.) 

8  XE1TIS 

(49  min  | 

9  K0WNY 

(52  min.) 

10  KE7C 

(14 

min,  J 

11   KA3FUU 

(50  mtn.) 

12  SV1GJ 

Century  CI  He*  Award 

(42 

min.) 

Wor*  100  Cities  m  50  US  States 

23  KC9CA 

24  M8CJF 

25  KE7C 

26  AKdG 

27  WS7VBVO 
OS  Award  of  Excellence 

61    N7CPE 

62  N89DI 

63  KA7EII 

64  W8UPD 

65  KA2I0J 

66  WB9KUV 

67   KA5KKZ 

60   KA9ENM 

69   PY2UGS 

70  KA3FUR 

71    KA6JQB 

72  KA7CPZ 

73  KA1DJB 

74   KA3GSN 

75  WB9HPR 

76  W4PCK 

77   KA4LSJ 

78  KA4LSJ 

79   KA3FUU 

80   N1BDB 

81   KP4FCK 

82   KA2MIM 

83  WlDWA 

84   KA2MMM 

85   KA7JNP 

86  WA2AKX 

87  KP4ERH 

88  KA8CUS 

89  KA4VNS 

90  NSCJF 

91   WD«EPV 

92  KB8WJ 

93   KAflJTT 

94  KA5KOS 

73 Magazine  •  April.  1982     143 


^^^^^ 


phone  and  CW.  There  will  be  cer- 
tificates given  to  amateurs  who 
work  them  and  send  an  SASE 
PTxIff'  mailer).  We  promise 
100%  QSL  to  those  meeting 
these  requirements. 

Alamo  Village,  a  complete 
reconstructed  western  town 
open  to  tourists  and  located  a 
few  miles  outside  of  Brackett- 
ville,  is  the  movie-making  capital 
of  Texas.  It  was  the  site  of  the 
filming  of  The  Alamo  with  John 
Wayne  and  Bandeiero  with 
Dean  Martin,  as  well  as  many 
others.  The  local  amateurs  will 
be  working  out  of  such  sites  as 
the  Cantina,  Jailhouse,  and 
even  a  construction  of  the 
Alamo  itself. 

FIRST  BRIDGE  OVER 
THE  MISSISSIPPI 

The  Quad  Cities  Amateur 
Radio  Club,  Rock  Island,  Illinois, 
will  operate  special  events  sta- 
tions in  commemoration  of  the 
first  bridge  across  the  Mis- 
sissippi River,  which  was  a 
significant  development  in  the 
opening  up  of  the  western 
United  States. 

W9YCR  will  be  on  the  air  from 
1800  hours  UCT  (noon  CST)  Sat- 
urday, April  17,  through  1800 
hours  UCT,  Sunday,  April  18,  on 
the  80-  through  10-meter  bands 
on  the  following  frequencies:  in 
the  middle  of  the  Novice  CW 
portion  of  each  Novice  class 
band,  as  low  in  frequency  as 
possible  in  the  General  CW  por- 


tion of  each  band  and  30  kHz  up 
from  the  lower  edge  of  the 
General  SSB  portion  of  each 
band. 

QSL  via  Denny  Spurgeon 
N9BKY.  41323rd  Avenue.  Moline 
IL  61265— and  please  enclose  a 
business-size  SASE  for  a  com- 
memorative certificate. 

The  Quad  Cities  is  a  three- 
county  area  surrounding  Rock 
Island  and  Moline,  Illinois,  and 
Davenport  and  Bettendorf, 
Iowa,  It  Is  the  farm  implement 
manufacturing  capital  of  the 
world,  the  largest  metropolitan 
area  in  Iowa  and  Illinois  outside 
of  Chicago,  and  boasts  over 
1,000  amateur  radio  operators. 

SUNDAY 

The  Indian  River  Amateur  Ra- 
dio Club  <IRARC)  will  participate 
in  a  "Sun-Day"  exercise  in  con- 
Junction  with  the  Florida  Solar 
Energy  Center  at  Cape 
Canaveral,  Florida,  on  Friday, 
May  7,  and  Saturday,  May  8> 
1982. 

The  IRARC  station  will  be  us- 
ing the  Club  call,  W4NLX/4,  and 
at  that  time  will  be  operating 
completely  on  solar  power. 

The  hours,  frequencies,  and 
mode  of  operation  on  both  days 
are  as  follows: 

•  1300  to  1400  GMT,  40  meters, 
7r250  to  7,275  kHz,  SSB. 

•  1400  to  2000  GMT,  15  meters. 
21,350*0  21,3751^336, 

A  certificate  confirming  con- 


tact or  reception  will  be  issued 
free  to  each  station  or  short 
wave  listener  who  sends  a  QSL 
and  an  SASE  (foreign— 1  IRC)  to: 
Florida  Solar  Energy  Center,  At- 
tention; "Sun-Day/*  300  State 
Route  401,  Cape  Canaveral  FL 
32920. 

ARMED  FORCES  DAY 

This  year's  observance  of 
Armed  Forces  Day  marks  the 
33rd  anniversary  of  communica- 
tions tests  between  the  amateur 
radio  fraternity  and  military 
communications  systems.  The 
proceedings  will  include  opera- 
tions on  CW,  SSB,  RTTY,  and 
SSTV. 

Special  commemorative  QSL 
cards  will  be  awarded  to 
amateurs  achieving  a  verified 
two-way  radio  contact  with  any 
of  the  participating  military 
radio  stations.  Those  who  re- 
ceive and  accurately  copy  the 
Armed  Forces  Day  CW  andfor 
RTTY  message  from  the  Sec- 
retary of  Defense  will  receive  a 
special  commemorative  cer- 
tificate. 

Mttitary-to-amateur  cross- 
band  operations  will  be  con- 
ducted from  1300  UTC  May  15  to 
0245  UTC  May  16-  Military  sta- 
tions will  transmit  on  selected 
military  frequencies  and  listen 
for  stations  on  a  particular 
amateur  frequency  specified  by 
the  military  operator. 

Transcriptions  of  the  CW  or 
RTTY  receiving  tests  should  be 


submitted  "as  received/'  Sub- 
missions should  include  time, 
frequency,  and  the  call  letters  of 
the  military  station  copied  as 
well  as  the  receiving  station's 
name,  callsign,  and  address  on 
the  submitted  copy- 
Entries  must  be  postmarked 
no  later  than  May  22,  1982,  and 
be  submitted  to  the  appropriate 
command:  NAM,  NPG,  or  NAV 
entries  go  to  Armed  Forces  Day 
Test,  Navy-Marine  Corps  MARS, 
4401  Massachusetts  Ave.  NW, 
Washington  DC  20390.  Send 
WAR  submissions  to  Armed 
Forces  Day  Test,  Commander 
7th  Signal  Command,  ATTN; 
CCN^PO-ORN  Fort  Ritchie  MD 
21719.  Send  AIR  entries  to 
Armed  Forces  Day  Test,  2045th 
CG/DONJM.  Andrews  AFB  DC 
20331. 

SMALLEST  QTH? 

Neffs  Area  Amateurs  (Bel- 
mont County)  will  operate 
WB8TQG,  the  smallest  ham 
radio  shack  In  Neffs,  Ohio,  and 
perhaps  in  the  world*  Work  us 
and  let  us  know  if  you  have  a 
smaller  one! 

Times:  16002  May  29  to  2200Z 
May  30, 

Frequencies;  Phone— 146.46, 
28.610,21.410, 14.340,7,265,  and 
3.965;  CW-28,120,  21,120, 
7,120,  and  3.720. 

Certificate  for  QSL  card  and 
business  SASE  to  Floyd 
WB8TQG,  PO  Box  E,  Neffs  OH 
43940. 


We  are  happy  to  provide  Ham 
Help  listings  free,  on  a  space- 

avaifabte  basis.  We  are  not  hap- 
py when  we  have  to  take  time 
away  from  other  duties  to  deci- 
pher cryptic  notes  scrawled  il- 
legibly on  dog-eared  post  cards 
and  odd-sized  scraps  of  paper. 
Please  type  or  print  (neatly!), 
double  spaced,  your  request  on 
an8Vi"x  11"  sheet  of  paper  and 
use  upper-  and  lowercase  tetters 
where  appropriate.  Also,  please 
make  a  ,JT"  look  like  a  "1t"  not 
an  %  M  which  could  be  an  "el"  or 
an  "eye,*'  and  so  on,  Hard  as  it 
may  be  to  believe,  we  are  not  fa- 
miliar with  every  ptece  of  equip- 
ment manufactured  on  Earth  for 
the  last  50  years*  Thanks  for 
your  cooperation, 

144     73 Magazine  •  April,  1982 


I  will  pay  up  to  $25  each,  in- 
cluding postage,  for  an  original 
or  a  copy  of  an  instruction  man- 
ual and  schematic  for  a  Gertsch 
Model  FM-3  frequency  meter 
and  an  RCA  type  710  UHF  signal 
generator. 

D.  S.  Toomb  N6AFO 

841  W.  Tenth  St. 

Claremont  CA  91711 

I  need  service  manuals  for 
RCA  mobile  450-470  MH2  trans- 
ceiver models  CLUE  BT2  FH  and 
CMUE  BT2  FH.  Costs  for  copy- 
ing or  other  costs  will  be  reim- 
bursed promptly. 

John  S.  Hoff  KA6HRK 

155G0-A  Williams  St. 

Tustin  CA  92680 


I  would  like  to  obtain  an  oper- 
ating manual  and  schematic  di- 
agram tor  a  National  NC300  re- 
ceiver. I  wilt  pay  any  copying 
costs. 

Tom  Race 

2104  Claremont  Terrace 

Utica  NY  13501 

I  am  in  need  of  a  schematic 
and  instruction  manual  for  a 
Sorensen  ac  voltage  regulator, 
Model  1000-S. 

Mike  Pellock  NA6J 

4955  School  House  Rd. 

Catheys  Valley  C A  95306 

Does  anyone  have  informa- 
tion about  a  Teletype  oscillo- 
scope (Model  OS-1 1/FGC-5)  or  a 
Collins  military  receiver/trans 
mitter  (Model  RT-44irTRC-68)  for 
the  225400-MHz  band? 

Daniel  S-  Durgin  KA1 AFJ/8 

121  Lake  St. 

Uhrichsville  OH  44683 


\  need  manuals  and  schemat- 
ics for  Tektronix  Model  532  and 
545  oscilloscopes,  as  well  as 
the  associated  plug-m  ampli- 
fiers. I  will  pay  !or  postage  and 
copying. 

Larry  Bead  WA5TUG 
1333  Edge  wood 
Luf kin  TX  75901 

I  am  looking  for  six-meter  con- 
version  information  for  a 
General  Electric  transmitter- 
receiver  unit  MT«16ut  issue  O, 
option  AT2t  serial  AL  4129. 

Noel  P,  Larson  WftCXR 

Star  Rt.  Box  489A 

Merrifield  MN  56465 

Does  anyone  have  an  interest 
in  or  experience  with  using 
microwave  oven  magnetrons  for 
service  in  the  2300- MHz  amateur 
band? 

Phil  Chadwick  W3GMK 

Route  2 
New  Hope  PA  13938 


CORRECTIONS 


C  [LONGER  LEAD! 


CUT 
OFF 


(TOP  VtEWI 


(OOTiS 
C  COLLECTOR! 


CUT 


Fig.  1,  Pinout  diagram  for 
"Amateur  Television's  Strip- 
per." 


"Amateur  Television's  Strip- 
per"  (March,  1982)  uses  an 
MRF901  transistor.  Several 
varieties  are  available,  and  the 
accompanying  pinout  diagram 
(Fig.  1}  may  be  helpful  to  readers 
attempting  to  duplicate  this 
project. 

Tim  Daniel  N8RK 

73  Magazine  Staff 


I  made  hesitation  controls  for 
Ford?  Chrysler,  and  Toyota 
automobiles.  After  I  sent  you  my 
article  ("The  Hesitator:  A  Wind- 


shield Wiper  Control/'  January, 
1982,  73,  page  40),  I  made  one  for 
a  friend  who  owns  a  General 
Motors  car  and  ran  into  a  little 
difficulty.  General  Motors  has  a 
different  wiring  philosophy  for 
windshield  wipers  which  makes 
a  simpler  wiring  job  to  get  into  It. 
Instead  of  the  hesitation  control 
unit  momentarily  connecting  12 
volts  to  the  wiper  motor  as  ex- 
plained in  my  article,  the  GM 
cars  momentarily  connect  the 
motor  to  ground  to  start  a  park 
cycle;  see  Fig.  2* 

The  wiring  at  the  motor  has  a 
three-pin  connector.  Determine 
which  pin  has  12  V  when  the  ig- 
nition switch  is  on.  The  pin  next 
to  ft  with  two  leads  is  the  pin 
.needed  for  the  parking  cycle 
start. 

The  relay  contacts  in  the  hes- 


itation control  wiff  have  to  be 
wired  differently;  see  Fig.  3. 

Henry  Edwell  N4UH 
Cleveland  NO 


HESITATION 

CONTROL 

UMlT 


iGNirroN 

SWITCH 


Fig.  2. 


—\     CASE  GROUND  OF 
/fT    HESHflTlON  UNIT 


f/OTOfc 


ftELAT  NOT 
EMERGED 


FOfi    GM  CARS 

Fig.  3. 


MM  HELP 


I  am  looking  for  information 
about  a  R-19  military  100-156- 
MHz  receiver  (similar  to  R-28but 
with  a  different  front  end), 
Sperry  Gyrocompass  repeater 
Mark  XXIV,  model  0,  Central 
Electrics  model  MM-1  multi- 
phase rf  analyzer,  and  model  10 
(A  or  B)  single  sideband  exciter, 
military  test  receiver,  type 
CPR-60  AAB,  Bendlx  Aircraft 
radio  model  DA,  Millivac  In- 
struments type  MV-17C  vacuum 
tubef  volt  ohm-miiliammeter, 
and  a  Servonics  Instruments 
electronic  digital  voltmeter, 
model  EDR-C.  I  can  make  photo- 
copies or  will  pay  a  reasonable 
amount  for  them. 

John  White  WB6BLV 

PM2  33204 

560  N.  Indiana  St. 

Porterville  CA  93257 


I  am  in  need  of  a  schematic 

and  instruction  manual  for  a 
Drake  R-4B,  I  will  copy  and  re- 
turn or  pay  for  a  photocopy. 

William  Bohnenberger 

18  E  199  St. 

Bronx  NY  10468 


Does  anyone  have  informa- 
tion on  an  AM-6154/GRT-21 
VHF-UHF  amplifier  that  uses  an 
8930  in  a  tuned  cavity? 

Kent  Britain  WA5VJB 

5809  Stageline 

Arlington  TX  76017 


I  need  someone  to  repair  my 
VHF  Engineering  2-meter  syn- 
thesizer. I  got  it  quite  a  while  ago 
new  and  factory-wired.  VHF  En- 
gineering is  no  longer  in  busi- 
ness. I've  tried  severaf  places, 
The  Syn  1 1  has  never  worked  with 
my  VHF  Engineering  2-meter 
transceiver,  which  is  OK.  I  may 
only  be  making  the  wrong  con- 
nections between  the  two. 

I  would  appreciate  hearing 
from  someone  who  has  used  the 
two  together. 

Tony  W.  Stalnaker  WA4LPJ 

2358  Old  Al.  Rd, 

Thomas  ton  GA  30266 

I  am  looking  for  an  instruction 
manual  and  schematic  for  a 
Navy  Model  BL-2  transceiver 
free  type  CFN-46ABE,  trans, 
type  CFN-52ABE)  made  by 
Fa  rns  worth  Radio  and  TV  Corp  \ 
also  need  a  manual  and  sche- 
matic for  a  Jackson  Model 
CRG-2  oscilloscope, 

Marion  Bell  KA9BYN 

709  West  Broadway 

Logans  port  IN  46947 

I  need  any  information  on  the 
Heathktt  SB1 10A  6m  transceiver 
and/or  Heathkft  SB500  2m  trans- 
ceiver. Thank  you. 

Howard  Gorden  W3CQH 

c/o  KSI 

Suite  #2 

8403  Dixon  Ave. 

Silver  Spring  MD  20910 


I  am  in  need  of  a  schematic 
and  manual  for  an  All  Star,  Jr.P 
all-wave  superhet  receiver,  ft  is 
from  the  early  1930s  and  uses 
plug-in  coils. 

R.  F>  Bricker  K4CSV 

PO  Box  295 

Fort  White  FL  32038 

I  am  looking  for  schematics 
and  manuals  for  a  Mercury  FC-2 
tube  tester,  Gonset  Communi- 
cator (FAA  version),  and  a  Pan- 
oramic Radio  Panadaptor  model 
PCA^2T-200, 

R.  E.  Strathkoetter,  Sr.  WB6SNIM 

5453  Traymore 
Covina  CA  91722 

I  am  in  need  of  a  schematic 
for  a  model  BC-i031-C  Panoram- 
ic adaptor,  t  would  appreciate 
any  information  on  adapting  the 
BC-1031-G  for  use  with  an 
HW-101. 

Gordon  FulpWBFBH 

Rt.  3,  Box  572A 

Placerville  CA  95667 

I  am  need  of  a  schematic  and 
tune-up  chart  for  a  Haliicrafters 
SX122. 

George  Hennessy  WB6KJQ 

4273  V2  Fuf ton  Ave. 

Sherman  Oaks  CA  91403 

I  am  trying  to  get  in  touch  with 
an  old  friend.  His  name  is  Mike 
Nicoli  WB2XNY/6. 1  last  saw  him 
in  El  Tore  CA  where  he  was  at- 
tending UC  at  Irvine,  If  you  have 
contacted  him  or  know  his  mail- 
ing address,  please  contact  me. 

Dennis  Duckworth 

PO  Box  11025 

Stanford  CA  94305 


I  am  in  need  of  a  schematic  or 
any  information  on  a  Model  30 
printer  made  by  Litton  In- 
dustries, 

Elmer  Eddington 

1337  West  41st  Place 

Los  Angeles  CA  90037 

I  am  in  need  of  a  manual  or 
schematic  for  a  Dumont  oscillo- 
scope, model  401  -A.  I  will  pay  for 
a  copy  and  all  associated  costs. 

Bernard  Krull  WD2AEU 

230  Brinckerhoff  Court 

Englewood  NJ  07631 

I  would  like  information  that 
anyone  may  have  on  FMing  the 
Heath  Seneca. 

Larry  Campagnano  K1PFD 

PO  Box  171 

Guilford  CT  06437 

I  am  in  need  of  a  three-digit 
up-down  counter  circuit  that 
features  programmable  inputs, 
reset,  a  display  driver,  and  digit 
multiplexer.  I  am  counting 
pulses  from  an  optical  switch 
used  for  computer  punch-card 
readers.  This  is  an  experimental 
project  so  I  would  like  to  keep 
the  cost  under  $5.00. 

Larry  Starkweather 

8231  Camino  Del  Oro  #  3 

La  Jolla  CA  92037 

I  would  like  to  join  a  DX 
association  or  foundation.  Can 
anyone  supply  me  with  ad- 
dresses and  membership  infor- 
mation? 

Karl  M.  Leite  PS7KM 

PO  Box  385 

59000  Natal 

RN,  Brasil 

73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     145 


OSCAR  ORBITS 


SYNCART 

Quietly,  In  California  and  Canada,  a  group  of  dedicated  amateurs 
is  making  steady  progress  on  a  plan  to  place  an  amateur  radio 
transponder  into  a  geosynchronous  orbit  above  North  America.  The 
project  is  called  SYNCART  (SYNChronous  Amateur  Radio 
Transponder)  and  it  is  a  collaboration  among  AMSAT,  Project 
OSCAR,  and  AMSAT  Canada.  U  all  goes  weJIT  the  transponder  could 
be  in  orbit  as  early  as  19B4, 

An  object  in  geosynchronous  orbit  appears  to  hang  motionless  at 
a  point  about  23,000  miles  above  the  Earth's  equator.  Thus, 
amateurs  who  use  the  communications  facilities  aboard  SYNCART 
could  point  their  antennas  toward  the  proper  point  in  the  sky  and 
teave  them  there.  Since  SYNCART  will  not  move  relative  to  the  sur- 
face of  the  Earth,  no  complex  tracking  mechanism  will  be  required. 
The  main  disadvantage  of  a  geosynchronous  transponder,  from  the 
operational  point  of  view,  is  that  it  can  provide  communications  to 
only  about  one  third  of  the  Earth,  At  least  two  more  such 
transponders,  placed  in  the  correct  locations,  would  be  required  to 
provide  global  coverage.  Nevertheless,  SYNCART  will  provide 
24-hour-a-day  service  to  most  of  Region  2. 

As  with  previous  amateur  space  efforts,  SYNCART  depends  upon 
the  scheduled  launch  of  a  "professional"  satellite  for  its  transporta- 
tion into  orbit.  However,  unlike  other  missions  in  which  the  amateur 
pay  load  always  separated  from  the  main  satellite  to  assume  its  own 
Independent  orbit,  the  SYNCART  package  wit!  remain  attached  to 
the  main  satellite  throughout  its  lifetime.  This  is  a  big  advantage  for 
the  SYNCART  planners,  since  the  transponder  need  not  carry  its 


own  stabilization  and  attitude  control  systems.  SYNCART  will  rely 
on  the  main  satellite  for  these  crucial  necessities, 

At  present,  plans  call  for  SYNCART  to  carry  a  1269-tcnl35*MHi 
transponder.  A  245*to-435-MHz  transponder  is  also  a  possibility. 
There  is  also  an  opportunity  for  linking  to  the  Phase  III  satellites, 
since  the  435-MHz  downlink  of  SYNCART  can  be  made  to  fall  within 
the  uplink  passband  of  the  Phase  HI  birds.  Prototype  transponders 
are  presently  under  construction. 

It1s  well  to  remember  that  SYNCART  is  at  least  two,  and  more  like- 
ly three,  years  away.  No  flight  hardware  has  yet  been  built.  Still, 
SYNCART  is  an  exciting  prospect  and  represents  another  major 
step  forward  in  amateur  space  communications. 

RSNEWS 

Refinements  have  become  available  for  the  robot  frequencies 
given  in  last  month's  article  about  the  Soviet  Union's  RS  satellites 
(73  Magazine,  March,  1982,  page  121)-  Table  1  contains  the  latest  in- 
formation. 

The  Federation  of  Radiosport  of  the  USSR  has  set  aside 
Wednesdays  (UTC)  for  experiments  on  the  RS  satellites.  All 
amateurs  are  asked  to  refrain  from  transmitting  through  the 
satellites  on  Wednesdays. 

RS  information  is  courtesy  of  the  AMSAT  Satellite  Report.  For 
more  information  on  the  amateur  space  program,  write  to  AMSAT. 
PO  Box  27,  Washington  DC  20044. 

BEACON  AND  ROBOT  FREQUENCIES  iMHij 


Satellite 

Beacon 

Robot 

Robot 

Nam* 

Frequency 

Uplink 

Downlink 

RS-3 

29.320 

— 

w 

RS-4 

29  360 

- 

- 

RS-& 

29.450 

145.826 

29331 

R&G 

29.450 

- 

- 

RS-7 

29.500 

145.B35 

29.341 

RS-0 

29.500 

_ 

t-, 

Table  h 


2SCAR    4  Orbital    InforutiOfi   tot    Apt 11 


DSCU   t  Of  bit*]    InEoxution   f«f    April 


oaom  6  Orbital    lafarmtiien  far  Hay 


0SCM  S  Qrcntal    Information  for  Ray 


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21159 

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HAM  HELP 


I  need  to  know  the  name  of 
the  amateur  magazine,  with 
year  and  month  of  issue,  that 
had  an  article  describing  a 
means  for  sorting  fife  cards. 
There  could  be  one  card  per  arti- 
cle with  the  appropriate  holes 
punched  in  the  bottom  to  allow 
sorting.  The  author  suggested 
that  a  commercial  version  may 
be  available.  Any   information 

146     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


regarding  the  article  or  a  source 
for  this  Kind  of  file  would  be  ap- 
preciated. 

Lester  R.  Lauritzen 

Box  117,  RFD  Route  2 

Qenterville  SD 

I  am  looking  for  information 
on  the  Bendix  RTH  27A  two- 
channel  FM  transceivers  used 
for  communication  with  jet  air- 


craft on  the  ground.  I  don't  have 
the  command  helmets  that  went 
with  my  unils  Any  information 
for  converting  Ihese  unils  to  six 
meters  would  be  welcomed. 

Richard  Gillespie  KC8BQ 

107  Ohio  Ave. 

Charlestown  WV  25302 


I  need  a  schematic  of  and  ser- 
vice information  for  a  Hy-Galn 
Model  628G  four-channel  scan- 
ner. I  will  pay  postage  and  copy- 
ing costs. 

Ray  Dunham 

477  East  3rd  Ave. 

Chico  CA  95926 


I  am  in  need  of  a  schematic 
and  operating  manuals  for  an 
Eico  Model  315  signal 
generator,  TDA-2  telegraph 
distortion  analyzer,  and  2M*3/U 
capacitance  analyzer.  I  will  pay 
copying  costs  and  postage, 

H,  Hutchison  KA0MYH 
PSC  Box  953 

APO  Ml  34001 


I  am  in  need  of  a  Kenwood 
TR-999  transmitter. 

Wayne  Hale  WA6LCW 

839  Mendocino  Ave, 

Berkeley  CA  94707 

(415)-525-5702 


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73Magazine  •  April,  1982     147 


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148     73  Magazine  ■  April,  1982 


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73Magazine  •  April,  1982     149 


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MAGAZINE 


THE  1982  EDITION 

GENERAL  LICENSE 
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150     JSMagazine  *  April,  1982 


NEW    from 


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HANDBOOK 


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73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     151 


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ludelt  50  postage  S  handling 
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Strux  Corporation  manufactures  and 
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AM ATE  U  R 

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4828  W.  Fond  du  Lac  Avenue 

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AES  Branch  Stores  in:  Clearwater,  FL  * 

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152     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


Two-meter  HT.  Amplifier  Kit 


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FILTER  CASCADING 


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**See  u&t  of  Aavertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     153 


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AMP  LETTER 


(AM 
I?  i..  ' i 
t  io 
?. 

The 
CI  a 

It 

1 

II 

t  1 1 

[V 

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P    LE 
1  ica 

n 
A 

r* 


re 


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AMP 
is  e 
i  e.    o 

Ed  i 

Let 

Fea 
AMP 


T     ? 

t  tfifl 
nd    op 
w  vl  e t 

it'i    a  m 
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-LETT 

very 
rgani 

tor's 
terS 

h   Top 

t.ure 

-LETT 


)    ». 

devot 
era  ti 
ter  I 
pi  i  f  i 

of    pa 

ER    fs 

three 
zed    i 


i.    An 

ed  to 
on  of 
ha  t  c 
fir  to 
r,t;s    a 

publ 

week. 

'i  to    f 


Amateur    Ra 

the    design 

Amateur    flrn 

an    5 a  ye    ynu 

f\Stru€  tiOTi 

nd    informal 


ished 

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times 
e.par  tm 


did 

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pi  i f 1 ers- 
TnQTtfiy    6n 
c  ro  j  et  I  . 
ion  ■ 

a  i I ed    First 
e  n  t  n  : 


Corn c  r 


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RED  HOT  SPECIALS!! 


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Codereader  360.00 
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REMOTE  40  CHANNEL  CB, 

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P.HJ  305-887  822B 


154     73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


WACO  IV! 


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73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     155 


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added.  Enclose  50$  for  details 
and  treatise  on  quads. 

TOWERS. 

Steel  or  Aluminum,  Crank  down 
and  tilt  over,  from  $360,  less 
liberal  discount.  Dollar  bill  for 
complete  information  on  both 
towers/quads, 

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low earner  •  RF  output  adjustable  from  5*500  mV  at 
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156     73Magazine  •  April,  1982 


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73  Magazine  •  April,  1962     157 


E 


rSM^Z 


V^#  electronic* 

Introducing 


(602)  242-3037 

{602)242-8916 

2111  W.  CAMELBACK  ROAD 
PHOENIX.  ARIZONA  85015 


TVRO  CIRCUIT  BOARDS 
Satellite  Receiver  Boards— Now  in  Stock 


DUAL  CONVERSION  BOARD $25.00 

TTiis  board  provides  conversion  from  the  3.7-4.2  band  first  to 
900  MHz  where  gain  and  bandpass  filtering  are  provided  and, 
second,  to  70  MHz.  The  board  contains  both  local  oscillators, 
one  fixed  and  the  other  variable,  and  the  second  mixer.  Con- 
struction is  greatly  simplified  by  the  use  of  Hybrid  IC  amplifiers 
for  the  gain  stages. 


SIX  47pF  CHIP  CAPACITORS 

For  use  with  dual  conversion  board 


.  .  .  $6.00 


70  MHz  IF  BOARD .-, $25.00 

This  circuit  provides  about  43dB  gain  with  50  ohm  input  and 
output  impedance,  it  is  designed  to  drive  the  HOWARD/ 
COLEMAN  TVRO  Demodulator,  The  on-board  bandpass  filter 
can  be  tuned  for  bandwidths  between  20  and  35  MHz  with  a 
passband  ripple  of  less  than  Va  dB.  Hybrid  IC's  are  used  for 
the  gain  stages. 


DEMODULATOR  BOARD . $40.00 

This  circuit  takes  the  70  MHz  center  frequency  satellite  TV  sig- 
nals in  the  1 0  to  200  millivolt  range,  detects  them  using  a  phase 
locked  loop,  de-emphasizes  and  filters  the  result  and  ampli- 
fies the  result  to  produce  standard  NTSC  video.  Other  outputs 
include  the  audio  subcamer,  a  DC  voltage  proportional  to  the 
strength  of  the  70  MHz  signal,  and  AFC  voltage  centered  at 
about  2  volts  DC. 

SINGLE  AUDIO $15.00 

This  circuit  recovers  the  audio  signals  from  the  6.8  MHz  fre- 
quency. The  Miller  9051  coiJs  are  tuned  to  pass  the  6.8  MHz 
subcarrier  and  the  Miller  9052  coil  tunes  for  recovery  of 
the  audio. 

DUAL  AUDIO. . .$25.00 

Duplicate  of  the  single  audio  but  also  covers  the  6.2  range* 


DC  CONTROL 


4       -       +       4       *      *      * 


■         ■  a        *        *        • 


$1 5.00 


SEVEN  .01  pF  CHIP  CAPACITORS 

For  use  with  the  70  MHz  IF  board,  . 


$7.00 


SPECIAL  SET  OF  FIVE  BOARDS $100.00 

INCLUDING  DUAL  AUDIO  (2  single  audio  boards) 


1900  to  2500  MHz  MICROWAVE  DOWNCONVERTER 

MICROWAVE  RECEIVER  This  receiver  is  tunable  over  a  range  of  1900  to  2500  MHz  approximately,  and 
is  intended  for  amateur  use.  The  local  oscillator  is  voltage  controlled,  making  the  I.F.  range  approximate- 
ly 54  to  88  MHz  for  standard  TV  set  channels  2  thru  7. 

P.C.  BOARD  with  DATA         1to5     $15.00         6  to  11     $13.00         12  to  26         $11.00         27 -up     $9.00 

P.C.  Board  with  all  parts  for  assembly $49.99     P.C.  Board  with  all  chip  caps  soldered  on . . .  $30.00 

P.C.  Board  with  all  parts  for  assembly  P.C.  Board  assembled  &  tested $69.99 

plus  2N6603 $69.99     P.C.  Board  assembled  &  tested  with  2N6603$79.99 

HMR  II  DOWNCONVERTER  with  Power  Supply,  Antenna  (Dish)  &  all  Cables  for  installation.  180  Day  Warranty. 

1to5         $150.00  6  to  11         $140.00  12- up         $125.00 

YAGI  DOWNCONVERTER  with  Power  Supply,  Antenna  (Yagi)  &  all  Cables  for  installation.  90  Day  Warranty. 

1t05         $150.00  61011  $140.00  12-up         $125.00 

YAGI  DOWNCONVERTER  as  above  but  Kit.  (NO  CABLES)  With  Box. 

1to5         $125.00  6to11         $115.00  12-up         $100.00 

HMR  II  DOWNCONVERTER  as  above  but  Kit.  (NO  CABLES)  With  PVC. 

1to5        $125.00  6  to  11         $115.00  12-up         $100.00 


SPECIAL  NEW  STOCK  OF  CARBIDE  DRILL  BITS- 

-YOUR  CHOICE  $1.99 

1.25mm 

1 3/64 

36 

47 

55 

63 

1.45mm 

19 

37 

48 

56 

64 

3.2mm 

20 

38 

49 

57 

65 

3.3mm 

24 

39 

50 

58 

67 

1/8 

26 

40 

51 

59 

68 

3/16 

29 

44 

52 

60 

69 

5/32 

30 

45 

53 

61 

7/32 

31 

46 

54 

62 

1 


158     73Magazine  •  April/1982 


Start  taking  calls  in  curious  places  with  the 


revolutionary,  new 


Cordless  &&€OM°  Phone 


Special  Purchase— The  <&«#/*  Cordless  Telephone! 


We  are  pleased  to  announce  the  Escort  Mark  III  is  now  available 
at  special  pricing.  We  bought  the  manufacturer's  entire  inventory-- 

and  we  are  passing  the  savings  on  to  you! 

The  Escort   Mark  III  was  originally  designed  to  retail  for  $199,95.  Now,  we 

suggest  a  retail  price  of  $169,95  to  $189.95,  Or,  you  can  move  them 

out  at  $149.95*  In  any  event,  you  Ml  like  the  profit  margins. 


QUANTITY 

1 — 2  units 

3 — 5  units 

6 — 11  units 

12 — 23  units 


DEALER  PRICE 

69,75  each 
64,50  each 
62.50  each 
60.75  each 


GROSS  PROFIT  AT $149.95 

53% 
57% 
58% 
59% 


On  all  orders  of  12  or  more,  we  pay  the  freight!  This  is  your  opportunity 
to  stock  up  for  the  Christmas  buying  season.  These  are  Ideal  gift 

items,  that  will  really  move  out! 


ESCORT  MARK  III  SPECIFICATIONS 


VHF  DUPLEXERS 

This  duplexer  was  made  for  RF  Harris  Mobile 
Phones  and  Two  Way  Radios.  These  duplex- 
ers  can  be  used  in  any  mobile  phone  or  two 
way  radio  system,  along  wrth  having  the  ca- 
pabilities to  be  modified  for  UHF  use.  The 
physical  dimensions  are  3  3/5"  Long,  4  2/5 n 
Wide,  and  1  1/10"  Deep.  The  approximate 
weight  is  18oz./1  lb,2oz..  PRICE  $74.99 


* 


& 


*  v 


c^ 


I 


•  Operates  as  a  regular  telephone  on  touch-tone  or 
rotary  dial  systems 

•  Range  up  to  300  feet 

•  Ni-Cad  rechargeable  batteries  included 
in  telephone 

•  Charger  built  into  base  transmitter 

•  Simple  plug-in  installation! 

•  High-performance  antenna 

•  Full  duplex,  answer  and  dial  out 

•  Full  FCC  approvaf 

Exactly  As  Shown 


HOW  WE  CUT  THE  CORD. 

The  new  Cordless  Phone 
works  on  a  simple, 
highly  sophisticated  principle. 
A  small  base  station  plugs  into 
your  regular  phone  jack,  and 
an  electrical  waif  outlet.   The 
base  station  then  transmits 
any  in-  or  out-going  call  to  the 
handheld  receiver,  anywhere 
up  to  300  feet. 


Toll  Free  Number 

800-528-0160 

(For  orders  only) 


JVI^z  electroi|ic$ 


73 Magazine  •  April,  1082     159 


"FILTERS" 


Collins  Mechanical  Filter  #526-9724-010  Model  F455Z32F 
455KHz  at  3.2KHz  Wide. 


$15.00 


Atlas  Crystal  Filters 

5.52-2.7/8        5.52MHz/ 2. 7KHz  wide  8  pole 

5.595MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole  upper  sideband 
5. 595MHz /.500KHz  wide  4  pole  CW 
5.595MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole  lower  sideband 
5.595MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole  upper  sideband 
5.545MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole 
9.0MHz/  8  pole  sideband  and  CW 


5.595-2.7/8/U 

5.595-.500/4/CW 

5.595-2.7/LSB 

5.595-2.7/USB 

5.645-2.7/8 

9.0SB/CW 


Your  Choice 

$12.99 


Kokusai  Electric  Co.  Mechanical  Filter  #MF-455-ZL-21H 

455KHz  at  Center  Frequency  of  453. 5Kc  Carrier  Frequency  of  455Kc  2.36KC  Bandwidth 


$15.00 


Crystal  Filters 
Nikko       FX-07800C 
TEW        FEC- 103-2 
Tyco/CD     001019880 


Motorola 

4884863B01 

PTI 

5350C 

PTI 

5426C 

CD 

A10300 

7 . 8MHz 
10.6935 

10.7MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bw.  Motorola  #48D84396K01 

Thru  #48D84396K05 

11.7MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

12MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

21.4MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

45MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth  (For  Motorola 

Communications  equipment) 


10.00 
10.00 

4.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.00 

5.00 


Ceramic  Filters 


Murata 

BFB455B 

455KHZ 

CFM455E 

455KHZ  +- 

5.5KHZ 

CFM455D 

455KHZ  +- 

7KHz 

CFR455E 

455KHz  +- 

5.5KHz 

CFU455E 

455KHz  +- 

1.5KHz 

CFU455G 

455KHz  +- 

lKHz 

CFW455D 

455KHz  +- 

lKHz 

CFW455H 

455KHZ  +- 

3KHz 

SFB455D 

455KHz 

SFE10.7 

10.7MHz 

SFG10.7MA 

10.7MHz 

Clevite 

T0-01A 

455KHZ 

T0-02A 

455KHZ 

Nippon 

LF-B4/CFU455I 

455KHz  +- 

1KHZ 

LF-B6/CFU455H 

455KHz  +- 

lKHz 

LF-C18 

455KHz 

Tokin 

CF455A/BFU455K 

455KHz  +- 

2KHz 

Matsushira 

EFC-L455K 

455KHZ 

R0TR0N  MUFFIN  FANS  Model  Mar 

k  4/MU2A1 

$  2.40 
6.65 
6.65 
8.00 
2.90 
2.90 
2.90 
4.35 
2.40 
2.67 

10.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.80 
5.80 

10.00 
4.80 

7.00 


These  fans  are  new  factory  boxed  115vac  at  14watts  50/60cps.  Impedance  Protected-F 
CFM  is  88  at  50cps  and  105  at  60cps. 


S  7.99 


SPECTRA  PHYSICS  INC.  Model  088  HeNe  Laser  Tubes. 

Beam  Dia.  .75mm.     Beam  Dir.  2.7mr.     8Kv  starting  voltage 
lOOOvdc  +-100vdc     3.7ma.      TUBES  ARE  NEW  $59.99 


Power  output  1.6mw. 
68K  ohm  lwatt  ballast 


- 


i 


160     ?3Magazine  •  April,  1932 


u 


AMPLIFIERS" 


AVANTFK  LOW  NOISE  AMPLIFIERS 


Models 

Frequency  Range 

Noise  Figure 

Voltage 

Ga  i  n 

Power  Output 

Price 


UTC2-102M 

AP-20-T 

AL-45-0-1 

AK-1000H 

30  to  200MC 

200  to  400MC 

450  to  800MC 

500  to  lOOOMC 

1.5dB 

6.5dB 

7dB 

2,5dB 

+I5vdc 

+24vdc 

-6vdc  @  +12vdc 

+12vdc  @  -12vdc 

29dB 

30dB 

30dB 

25dB 

ldB  Gain  +7dBm 

ldB  Gain  +20dBm 

ldB  Gain  -5dBm 

ldB  Gain  +8dBm 

$49.99 

$49.99 

$49.99 

$69.99 

Mini  Circuits  Double  Balanced  Mixers 

Model  RAY- 3 

Very   High  Level  (+23dBm  LO)  70KHz  to  200MHz  L0,RFsDC  to  200MHz  IF 

Conversion  Loss,dB  One  Octave  From  Band  Edge  6Typ./7.5Max.  Total  Range  6.5Typ./8Max. 

Isolation, dB  Lower  Band  Edge  To  One  Decade  Higher  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   55Typ./45Min.  Mid.  Range 

{LO-RF/LO-IF)   40Typ./30Min.   Upper  Band  Edge  To  One  Octave  Lower  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   30Typ./ 

25Min. 

Price  $24.99 

Model  TSM-3 

Standard  Level  (+7dBm  LO)  . 1MHz  to  400MHz  L0,RF,DC  to  400MHz  IF 

Conversion  Loss.dB  One  Octave  From  Band  Edge  5.3Typ./7.5Max.  Total  Range  6.5Typ./8.5Max. 

Isolation.dB  Lower  Band  Edge  To  One  Decade  Higher  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   6QTyp./50Min.  Mid.  Range 

(LO-RF/LO-IF)   50Typ./35Min.   Upper  Band  Edge  To  One  Octave  Lower  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   35TYP./ 

25Min. 

Price  $11.99 


Hewlett  Packard  Linear  Power  Microwave  RF  Transistor  HXTR5401/35831E 

^ i  — —      ■ 


Collector  Base  Brakedown  Voltage  at  Ic=100ua 
Collector  Emitter  Brakedown  Voltage  at  Ic=500ua 
Collector  Cutoff  Current  at  Vcb=15v 
Forward  Current  Transfer  Ratio  at  Vce=15v Jc= 
Transducer  Power  Gain  at  Vce=18v5Ice-60ma1F=2GHz. 
Maximum  Available  Gain  at  Vce=18v1Ic=60ma>F=lGHz/F=2GHz 
Price  $29.99 


35volts  min, 

30volts  min, 

lOOua  max. 

15mi  n ,40typ 9 125max 

3dBmin,4dBtyp 

14dB  typ,8dB  typ 


Motorola  RF  Power  Amplifier  Modules 


Model 

MHW612A 

146  to  147MHz 

MHW613A 

150  to  174MHz 

MHW710 

400  to  512MHz 

MHW720 

Frequency  Range 

400  to  470MHz 

Voltage 

I2.5vdc 

12.5vdc 

12.5vdc 

12.5vdc 

Output  Power 

20watts 

30watts 

13watts 

20watts 

Minimum  Gain 

20dB 

20dB 

19.4dB 

2  ldB 

Harmonics 

-30dB 

-30dB 

40dB 

40dB 

RF  Input  Power 

400mw 

500mw 

250mw 

250mw 

Price 

$57.50 

$59.80 

$57.50 

$69.00 

Toll  Free  Number 

800-528-0180 

(For  orders  only) 


(fM^IJz  elect rot\ic$ 


73Magazwe  *  April.  1982     161 


"TRANSISTORS 


55 


WATK1NS  JOHNSON  WJ-M62  3.7  to  4.2GHz  Communication  Band  Double  Balanced  Mixer 


$100.00 


SSB  Conversion  Loss  4.9dB  Typ, 

5dB  Max.  fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz 

5.5dB  Typ. 

,  6.5dB  Max.  fl  DC  to  1125MHz  fL  fR 

fl  880MHz  fL  fR 

SSB  Noise  Fiqure 

fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz 

4.9dB  Typ, 

,  6dB  Max.   fl  30  to  1125MHz  fL  fR 

5.5dB  Typ, 

,  6.5dB  Max.  fl  880MHz  fL  fR 

Isolation 

fL  at  R 

30dB  Min. 

40dB  Typ.   fL  2.8  to  5.35GHz 

a  at  I 

25dB  Hin. 

30dB  Typ.   fL  4.5  to  5.35GHz 

20dB  Min. 

30dB  Typ.   fL  3.6  to  4.5GHz 

15dB  Min. 

25dB  Typ.   fL  2.8  to  3.6GHz 

Conversion  Compres 

sion   IdB  1 

«lax.        fR  Level  +2dBm 

Flatness 

.2dB 

Peak  to  Peak  Over  any  40MHz  Segment  of  fR=3.7  to  4.2GHz 

Third  Order  Input 

Intercept  +lldBm       fRl=4GHz  fR2=4.0lGHz  Both  at  -5dBm  fL=4.5GHz 

Group  Time  Delay 

.5ns  Typ. 

.75ns  Max.  fR3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL  3480MHz         1?  +13dBm 

VSWR 

L-Port 

1.25:1  Typ.   2.0:1     fL  2.8  to  5.35GHz 

R-Port 

1.25:1  Typ.   2.0:1     fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL  fR 
1.4  :1  Typ.   2.0:1     fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL  fR 

I -Port 

1.5  :1  Typ.   2.0:1     fI=100MHz 
1.3  :1  Typ.   2.0:1    fI=500MHz 
1.8  :1  Typ.   2.5:1     fI=1125MHz 

SGS/ATES  RF  Transistors 

Motorola  RF  Transistor 

Type. 

BFQ85 

BFW92            MRF901           2N6603 

Collector  Base  V 

20v 

25v              25v             25v 

Col  lector  Emitter 

V  I5v 

15v              15v             15v 

Emitter  Base  V 

3v 

2 .  5v              3v              3v 

Col  lector  Current 

40ma 

25ma             30ma            30ma 

Power  Dissipation 

200mw 

190mw            375mw           400mw 

HFE 

40min,  200max.     20min.  150max.     30min,  200max.     30min.  200max. 

FT 

4GHZ  min. 

5GHz  max. 1.6GHz  Typ.        4.5GHz  typ.       2GHz  min. 

Noise  Fiqure 

1GHz  3dB 

Max.      500MHz  4dB  Typ.     1GHz  2dB  Typ.     2GHz  2.9dB  Typ. 

Price 

SI.  50 

$1.50            52.00           $10.00 

National  Semiconductor  Variable  Voltage  Regulator  Sale  !!!!!!!!! 

LM317K 

LM350K 

LM723G/L          LM7805/06/08/12/15/18/24 

1.2  to  37vdc 

1.2  to  33 

vdc      2  to  37vdc            5,  6,  8,12, 15,18, 24vdc 

1 . 5Amps 

3  Amps 

150ma.            lAmp 

TO-3 

T0-3 

TO-100/TO-116      T0-220/T0-3 

$4.50 

$5.75 

$1.00  $1.25       $1.17  $2.00 

P  &  B  Solid  State  Relays  Type  ECT1DB72 


*May  Be  Other  Brand  Equivalent 

Toll  Free  Number 
600-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


5VDC  Turn  On  120VAC  Contact  7Amps 

20Amps  on  10"xl0"x.062"  Alum.Heatsink  with 
Silicon  Grease  $5.00 


(f)\f GIJz  electronic* 


162     73  Magazine  *  April,  1962 


"MIXERS" 


WATKINS  JOHNSON  WJ-M6  Double  Balanced  Mixer 


LO  and  RF  0.2  to  300MHz 
Conversion  Loss  (SSB) 

Noise  Figure  (SSB) 

Conversion  Compression 


IF  DC  to  300MHz 
6.5dB  Max.  1  to  50MHz 
8.5dB  Max.  .2  to  300MHz 
same  as  above 
8.5dB  Max.  50  to  300MHz 
.3dB  Typ. 


$21.00 


WITH  DATA  SHEET 


NEC  (NIPPON  ELECTRIC  CO.  LTD.  NE57835/2SC2150  Microwave  Transistor 

NF  Min  F=2GH2     dB  2.4  Typ.  MAG  F=2GHz    dB  12  Typ. 

F=3GHz     dB  3.4  Typ.  F=3GHz    dB  9  Typ. 

F=4GHz     dB  4.3  Typ,  F=4GHz    dB  6.5  Typ. 

Ft  Gain  Bandwidth  Product  at  Vce=8v,  Ic=10ma.   GHz  4  Min.  6  Typ. 
Vcbo    25v    Vceo    llv    Vebo    3v    Ic   50ma.  Pt.     250mw 


$5.30 


UNELCQ  RF  Power  and  Linear  Amplifier  Capacitors 

These  are  the  famous  capacitors  used  by  all  the  RF  Power  and  Linear  Amplifier  manufactures 
and  described  in  the  Motorola  RF  Data  Book. 


lOpf 
13pf 
14pf 
20pf 


22pf 
25pf 
27pf 

27.5pf 


30pf 
32pf 
33pf 
34pf 


40pf 
43pf 
62pf 
80pf 


lOOpf 
120pf 
180pf 
200pf 


250pf   1  to  lOpcs.   .60*  each 

820pf   11  to  50pcs.  .50*  each 

51  to  lOOpcs.  .40e  each 


NIPPON  ELECTRIC  COMPANY  TUNNEL  DIODES 

Peak  Pt.  Current  ma.  Ip 

Valley  Pt.  Current  ma.  Iv 

Peak  Pt.  Voltage  mv.  Vp 

Projected  Peak  Pt.  Voltage  mv.  Vpp  Vf=Ip 

Series  Res.  Ohms  rS 

Terminal  Cap.  pf.  Ct 

Valley  Pt.  Voltage  mv.  VV 


MODEL  1S2199 

9inin.  lOTyp.  Umax. 
1.2Typ.  1.5max. 
95Typ.  120max. 
480min.  550Typ.  630max 
2.5Typ.  4max. 
1.7Typ.  2max. 
370Typ. 


1S2200   S7'50 
9min.  lOTyp.  Umax. 
1.2Typ.  1.5max. 
75Typ.  90max. 
440min.  520Typ.  60Qmax 
2Typ.  3max. 
5Typ,  8max. 
350Typ. 


FAIRCHILD  /  DUMONT  Oscilloscope  Probes  Model  4290B 

Input  Impedance  10  meg.,  Input  Capacity  6.5  to  12pf.,  Division  Ration  (Volts/Div  Factor) 

10:1,  Cable  Length  4Ft.  ,  Frequency  Range  Over  100MHz. 

These  Probes  will  work  on  all  Tektronix,  Hewlett  Packard,  and  other  Oscilloscopes. 

PRICE   $45.00 


MOTOROLA  RF  DATA  BOOK 

List  all  Motorola  RF  Transistors  /  RF  Power  Amplifiers,  Varactor  Diodes  and  much  much 
more. 

PRICE   $7-50 


Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


JVI^z  electronic* 


73Magazme  ■  April,  1982    163 


"SOCKETS  AND  CHIMNEYS" 


EI MAC  TUBE  SOCKETS  AND  CHIMNEYS 


SKllO 

Socket 

SK406 

Chimney 

SK416 

Chimney 

SK500 

Socket 

SK506 

Chimney 

SK600 

Socket 

SK602 

Socket 

SK606 

Chimney 

SK607 

Socket 

SK610 

Socket 

SK620 

Socket 

SK620A 

Socket 

JOHNSON 

TUBE  SOCKETS 

124-115-2/SK620A  Socket 
124-116/SK630A   Socket 


S  POR 
35.00 

22.00 
330.00 
47.00 
39.50 
56.00 
8.80 
43.00 
44.00 
45.00 
50.50 


$  30.00 
40.00 


SK626 

Chimney 

SK530 

Socket 

SK636B 

Chimney 

SK640 

Socket 

SK646 

Chimney 

SK7UA 

Socket 

SK740 

Socket 

SK770 

Socket 

SK800A 

Socket 

SK806 

Chimney 

SK900 

Socket 

SK906 

Chimney 

124-113    Bypass  Cap. 
122-0275-001  Socket 
(For  4-250A,4-400A,3-400Z, 
3-500Z) 


7.70 

45.00 
26.40 
27.50 
55.00 

192.50 
66.00 
66.00 

150.00 
30.80 

253.00 
44.00 


$  10.00 

10.00 

2/S15.00 


CHIP  CAPACITORS 

♦  8pf 

lpf 

l.lpf 

l-4pf 
1.5pf 
1.8pf 
2.2pf 
2.7pf 
3.3pf 
3.6pf 
3.9pf 
4.7pf 
5.6pf 
6.8pf 
8.2pf 


PRICES: 


I  to  10  - 

II  to  50 
51  to  100 


lOpf 
12pf 
15pf 

18pf 
20pf 
22pf 
24pf 
27pf 
33pf 
39pf 
47  pf 
51pf 
56pf 
68pf 
82pf 

99t 

90* 

,80c 


lOOpf* 

llOpf 

120pf 

130pf 

150pf 

160pf 

180pf 

200pf 

220pf* 

240pf 

270pf 

300pf 

330pf 

360pf 

390pf 


430pf 
470pf 

510pf 
560pf 
620pf 

680pf 

820pf 

lOOOpf/.OOluf* 

1800pf/.0018uf 

2700pf/.0027uf 

10,000pf/.01uf 

12,000pf/.012uf 

15,000pf/,015uf 

18,000pf/.018uf 


101  to  1000 
1001  &  UP 


.60<t 
.35e 


*  IS  A  SPECIAL  PRICE: 


10  for  $7.50 
100  for  $65.00 
1000  for  $350.00 


WATKINS  JOHNSON  HJ-V907 :  Voltage  Controlled  Microwave  Oscillator 


$110.00 


Frequency  range  3.6  to  4,2GHz,  Power  ouput,  Min.  lOdBm  typical,  8dBm  Guaranteed. 
Spurious  output  suppression  Harmonic  (nf0),  min.  20dB  typical,  In-Band  Non-Harmonic,  min. 
60dB  typical,  Residual  FM,  pk  to  pk,  Max.  5KHz,  pushing  factor,  Max.  8KHz/V,  Pulling  figure 
(1.5:1  VSWR),  Max.  60MHz,  Tuning  voltage  range  +1  to  +15volts.  Tuning  current,  Max.  -0.1mA, 
modulation  sensitivity  range,  Max.  120  to  30MHz/V,  Input  capacitance,  Max.  lOOpf,  Oscillator 
Bias  +15  +-0.05  volts  @  55mA,  Max. 


Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 

(For  orders  only) 


(fJM^z  electroi\ic$ 


164     73Magazme  *  April,  1982 


"TUBES" 


PRICE 


TUBES 


TUBES 

2E26 
2K28 
3B28 

3-500Z 

3-1000Z/8164 

3CX1000A/8283 

3X2500A3 

4-65A/8165 

4-125A/4D21 

4-250A/5D22 

4-400A/8438 

4-400C/6775 

4-1000A/8166 

4CS250R 

4X150A/7034 

4X150D/7035 

4X150G 

4X250B 

4CX250B/7203 

4CX250F/7204 

4CX250FG/8621 

4CX250K/8245 

4CX250R/7580W 

4CX300A 

4CX350A/8321 

4CX350FJ/8904 

4X500A 

4CX600J 

4CX1000A/8168 

4CX1500B/8660 

4CX3000A/8169 

4CX5000A/8170 

4CX10000D/8171 

4CX15000A/8281 

4E27/A/5-123A/B 

4PR60A 

4PR60B/8252 

KT88 
DX362 
DX415 
572B/T160L 

811 

811A 

812A 

813 

4624 

4665 

5551A 

5563A 

5675 


NOTICE  ALL  PRICES  ARE  SUBJECT  TO  CHANGE  WITHOUT  NOTICE 


PRICE 


TUBES 


PRICE 


$  4.69 

5721 

100.00 

5768 

5.00 

5836 

102.00 

5837 

300.00 

5861/EC55 

200. 00 

5876A 

200. 00 

5881/6L6 

45.00 

5894/A 

58.00 

5894B 

68.00 

6080 

71.00 

6083/AX9909 

80.00 

6098/ 6AK6 

300.00 

6115/A 

69.00 

6146 

30.00 

6146A 

40.00 

6146B/8298A 

50.00 

6146W 

30.00 

6159 

45.00 

6161 

45.00 

6291 

55.00 

6293 

100. 00 

6360 

69.00 

6524 

99.00 

6550 

100.00 

6562/6794A 

100.00 

6693 

100.00 

6816 

300.00 

6832 

300.00 

6883/8032A/8552 

300.00 

6884 

300.00 

6897 

400.00 

6900 

500.00 

6907 

700.00 

6939 

40.00 

7094 

100.00 

7117 

175.00 

7211 

15.00 

7289/3CX100A5 

35.00 

7360 

35.00 

7377 

44.00 

7486 

10.00 

7650 

13.00 

7843 

15,00 

7868 

38.00 

7984 

100.00 

8072 

350.00 

8121 

100.00 

8122 

77.00 

8236 

15.00 

8295/PL172 

$200.00 

8462 

$100.00 

85.00 

8505A 

73.50 

100.00 

8533W 

92.00 

100.00 

8560A 

55.00 

110.00 

8560AS 

57.00 

15.00 

ouOo 

34.00 

5.00 

8624 

67.20 

45.00 

8637 

38.00 

55.00 

8647 

123.00 

10.00 

8737/5894B 

55.10 

89.00 

8807 

1000. 00 

14.00 

8873 

260.00 

100.00 

8874 

260.00 

6.00 

8875 

260.00 

6.50 

8877 

533.00 

7.50 

8908 

12.00 

14.00 

8916 

1500.00 

11.00 

8930/X651Z 

45.00 

70.00 
125.00 

8950 

10.00 

20.00 

6BK4C 

5.00 

4.00 

6DQ5 

4.00 

53.00 

6FW5 

5.00 

7.00 

6GE5 

5.00 

25.00 

6GJ5 

5.00 

110.00 

6HS5 

5.00 

58.00 

6JB5/6HE5 

5.00 

22.00 

6JB6A 

5.00 

7.00 

6JM6 

5.00 

46.00 

6JN6 

5.00 

110.00 

6JS6B 

5.00 

35.00 

6JT6A 

5.00 

55.00 

6KD6 

5.00 

15.00 

6K66/EL505 

5.50 

75.00 

6KM6 

5.00 

17.00 

6KN6 

5.00 

60.00 

6LF6 

6.00 

34.00 

6Lq6 

6.00 

11.00 

6LU8 

5.00 

67.00 

6LX6 

5.00 

75.00 

6ME6 

5.00 

250.00 

12JB6A 

6.00 

58.00 

4.00 

12.00 

"WE  ARE 

ALSO 

LOOKING  FOR 

TUBES  NEW/USED  ECT." 

55.00 
50.00 

WE  BUY 

SELL 

OR  TRADE 

85.00 

30.00 

300.00 

i  i  i ii 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1  1 1 1 

1 1 ii  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 it 

Toll  Free  Number 

800-528-0180 

(For  orders  only) 


(SJVl^l^z  elect rot\ic$ 


73  Magazine  •  April,  1982     165 


— — 


F 


TEKTRONIX  OSCILLOSCOPES 

PRICE 

MODEL  453  Portable  50  MHz 

Dual  Trace 

S1200.00 

MODEL  453A  Portable  60  MHz 

Dual  Trace 

S140000 

MODEL  454  Portabl*  ISO  MHz 

Dual  Trace 

51  BOOM 

MODEL  4S4A  Portable  150  MHz 

Dual  Trace 

S2000DO 

MODEL  455  Portable  SO  MHz 

Dual  Trace 

$180000 

MODEL  475  Portable  200  MHz 

Dual  Trace 

$2640.00 

MODEL  475 A  Portable  250  MHz 

Dual  Trace 

$2940.00 

MODEL  7514  Storage  Oscilloscope 

with  a  7Ai5A  and  a  7AiSAN-n  Amplifier 

and  a  7B50  Time  Base 

S3500.00 

MODEL  S77D1  Storage  Curve  Tracer 

with  a  1 77  adapter 

$3233.00 

MODEL  577D2  Curve  Tracer 

with  a  177  adapter 

$2746.00 

Tektronix  Lab  Cart  Model  3 

$  316.00 

MODEL  547  50  MHz  Bench  Scope. 

VVitti  a  1 A 1  Dual  Trace. 
vVilha  1A2  Dual  Trace 
With  a  1A4  Quad  Trace 
Wilha  lASDifieremtai 
Wifh  a  1A6  Differential 
or  with  1  of  eac h  above 

MODEL  545  30  MHz  Bench  Scope 
wil h  a  CA  Dual  Trace 

MODEL  545 A  30  MHz  Bench  Scope 
with  aCA  DualTrace 


S  722  50 
$  637  50 
S  672  50 
$  722.50 
$  61250 
$1687  50 

$  412  50 

$  437  50 


MODEL  544  50  MHz  Bench  Scope 

with  a  CA  Dual  Trace  $  650,50 

MODEL  543A  33  MHz  Bench  Scope 

with  a  CA  Dual  Trace 

HEWLETT  PACKARD  OSCILLOSCOPES 

MODEL  180A  Main  Frame 

MODEL  1S0E  Main  Frame. 

MODEL  181 A  Main  Frame. 

MODEL  1 82A  Main  Frame. 

MODEL  183A  Mam  Frame. 

MODEL  taO  SERIES  PLUG-INS 
1S01A  Dual  Trace  50  MHz. 
T&Q3A  Differential 

1604A  Quad  Trace  50  MHz 

1807A  Dual  Tf  ace  50  MHz 

1815A  TDR'Sampler  with  a  1616A  DC  to  4 
GHz 

1821 A  Trme  Base  S  Delay  Generator 

1822A  Time  Base  &  Delay  Generator 

1B31A  Direct  Access 600  MHz  ' 

1340 A  Time  Base  &  Delay  Generator  ' 

1841  a  Time  Base  &  Delay  Generator  ' 

'For  183AOniy   !<«!!!" 

TELEQUIPMENT  MODEL  DB3  Oscilloscope 

Dual  Trace  Portable  50  MHz  With  a  V4  and  S2A  Plug-In         $1 200.00 

DUMONT  MODEL  1062  Oscilloscope 

Dual  Trace  65  MHz  portable.  $  750.00 

TEKTRONIX 

MODEL  RM565  Dual  Beam  Oscilloscope 

10  MHz  with  a  3A6  Dual  Trace  and  a  3A72  Dual  Trace  $1107.50 

MODEL  549  Storage  Oscilloscope 

Bench  50  MHz  w4h  a  CA  Dual  Trace  $1000.00 

MODEL  S47A  Oscilloscope 

Bench  100  MHz  with  a  10A2  Dual  Trace 

a  no  a  1 1B2A  T^me  Base  $1 200.00 


s 

475.50 

PRICE 

$ 

675.00 

$ 

75000 

$1000  00 

$ 

90000 

$1000.00 

s 

495,00 

$ 

775.00 

$ 

795.00 

$ 

375.00 

$1500,00 

s 

495,00 

$ 

525.00 

$ 

200,00 

$ 

450.00 

$ 

675.00 

ORDERING  INSTRUCTIONS 
DEFECTIVE  MATERIAL:  AM  claims  for  defective  materia!  must  be  made  within  sixty  (60)  days  after  receipt  of 
parcel.  All  claims  must  include  the  defective  material  (for  testing  purposes),  our  invoice  number,  and  the  date 
of  purchase.  All  returns  must  be  packed  properly  or  it  will  void  all  warranties, 

DELIVERY:  Orders  are  normally  shipped  within  48  hours  after  receipt  of  customer's  order.  If  a  part  has  to  be 
backordered  the  customer  Is  notified,  Our  normal  shipping  method  is  via  First  Class  Mail  or  UPS  depending  on 
size  and  weight  of  the  package,  On  test  equipment  it  is  by  Air  only,  FOB  shipping  point. 

FOREIGN  ORDERS:  All  foreign  orders  must  be  prepaid  with  cashier's  check  or  money  order  made  out  in  U.S. 
Funds.  We  are  sorry  but  0*0. D.  is  not  available  to  foreign  countries  and  Letters  of  Credit  are  not  an  acceptable 
form  of  payment  either.  Further  information  is  available  on  request. 

HOURS:  Monday  thru  Saturday:  8:30  a,m.  to  5:00  p,m. 

INSURANCE:  Please  include  25<t  for  each  additional  $100.00  over  $100.00,  United  Parcel  only. 

ORDER  FORMS:  New  order  forms  are  included  with  each  order  for  your  convenience.  Additional  forms  are 
available  on  request. 

POSTAGE:  Minimum  shipping  and  handling  in  the  US,  Canada,  and  Mexico  is  $2.50  all  other  countries  is  $5,00. 
On  foreign  orders  include  20%  shipping  and  handling. 

PREPAID  ORDERS:  Order  must  be  accompanied  by  a  check. 

PRICES:  Prices  are  subject  to  change  without  notice. 

RESTOCK  CHARGE:  If  parts  are  returned  to  MHZ  Electronics  due  to  customer  error,  customer  will  be  held 
responsible  for  ail  extra  fees,  will  be  charged  a  15%  restocking  fee,  with  the  remainder  in  credit  only.  AH  returns 
must  have  approval. 

SALES  TAX:  Arizona  must  add  5%  sales  tax,  unless  a  signed  Arizona  resale  tax  card  is  currently  on  file  with 
MHZ  Electronics.  All  orders  placed  by  persons  outside  of  Arizona,  but  delivered  to  persons  in  Arizona  are  sub* 
ject  to  the  5%  sales  tax. 

SHORTAGE  OR  DAMAGE:  All  claims  for  shortages  or  damages  must  be  made  within  5  days  after  receipt  of 
parcel,  Claims  must  include  our  invoice  number  and  the  date  of  purchase.  Customers  which  do  not  notify  us 
within  this  time  period  will  be  held  responsible  for  the  entire  order  as  we  will  consider  the  order  complete, 

OUR  800  NUMBER  IS  STRICTLY  FOR  ORDERS  ONLY 
NO  INFORMATION  WILL  BE  GIVEN.  1 -800-528-01 80k 


166     73  Magazine  •  April  1982 


FAIRCHILD 

95H90DC 

95H91DC 

11C90DC 

11C910C 

11C06DC 

11C05DC 

11C01FC 

82S90 


11C24DC 


11C44DC 


VHF  AND  UH F  PRESCAL ER  CHIPS 
350MC  Prescaler  divide  by  10/1 1 
350MC  Prescaler  divide  by  5/6 
S60MC  Prescaler  divide  by  10M 1 
650 MC  Prescaier  divide  by  5/6 
UHF  Prescaler  750MC  D  Type  Flip  Flop 
1GHz  Counter  Divide  by  4 
(Regular  price  S75.00) 
High  Speed  Dual  5/4  Input  NO/NORGate 
Preset! able  High  Speed  Decade/Binary 
Counter  used  with  the  11C90791  or  ihe 
95H90/91  Prescaler  can  divide  by  100. 
(Signet  icsj 

This  chip  is  the  same  as  a  Motorola 
MC4Q24/4324  Dual  TTL  Voltage  Control 
Multivibrator, 

This  chip  is  the  same  as  a  Motorola 
MC4044/4344  Phase  Frequency  Detector, 


PRICE 

S  8,50 

8.50 

15.50 
1550 
12:30 

50.00 
15.40 


HEWLETT  PACKARD 
MIXERS  MODELS 
Frequency  Range 

inpuNOutput  Frequency  L  &  R 


Mixer  Conversion  Loss  {A) 

Noise  Performance  (SSBl  (A) 

(B) 
PRICE 


10514A 

2MHz  to  500MC 

200KHZ  to 

500  MC 

DC  to  500MC 

7dB 

9dB 

7dB 

9dB 

S49.99       PRICE 


10514S 
2MHz  to 

500MC 

200KHZ  to 

500MC 

DC  to  500M  C 

7dB 

9dB 

7dB 

9dB 

539  99 


5.00 

3.37 
3.37 


GENERAL  ELECTRIC  CO.  GUNN  DIODE  MODEL  Y  2167 
Freq  Gap  (GHZ)  12  to  18,  Output  fMin.)  lOOmW,  Duty  (%) 
CW,  Typ~  Bias  (Vdc)  8.0.  Type.  Oper.  (MAdc)  550.  Max.  Thres. 
(mAdc)  1000.  Max.  Bias  {Vdc)  10  0.  $39.99 

VARIAN  GALLIUM  ARSENIDE  GUNN  DIODES  MODEL  VSX  92Q1S5 
Freq  Coverage  8  to  12.4GHz.  Output  (Minj  lOQmW.  Bias 
Voltage  (Max.)  14¥dc,  Bias  current  {mAdc)  Operating  550  Typ, 
750  Max  ,  Threshold 850 Tup.  1000  Max  $39-99 

VARI  L  Co.  Inc.  MODEL  SS  43  AM  MODULATOR 

Freq  Range  60  10  150MC.  Insertion  Loss  13dB  Nominal, 
Signal  Port  Imp  SOohms  Nominal.  Siqnai  Port  RF  Power 
+  tOdBm  Max  .  Modulation  Port  BW  DC  to  1KHZ,  Modulation 
Port  Bias  Ima  Nominal,  $24.99 


AVANTEK  CASCADABLE 
MODULAR  AMPLIFIERS 


Model  UTO-504      UTO-51 1 


Frequency  Range 

5  to  500  MHz 

5  to  500  MH* 

Gam 

6dB 

15dB 

Noise  Figure 

11dB 

2.3dBto3dB 

Power  Output 

+  17dB 

-2dB  to 
-3dB 

Gam  Flatness 

idB 

IdB 

Input  Power  Vdc 

+  24 

+  15 

mA 

100 

10 

PRICE     $70.00 

PRICE 

$75.00 

FREQUENCY  SOURCES.  INC  MODEL  MS-74X 

MICROWAVE  SIGNAL  SOURCE 

MS-74X:  Mechanically  Tunable  Frequency  Range  {MHzJ  10630  !© 

1 1230  (10  63  to  11.23GHz)  Minimum  Output  Power  (mW)  10,  Overall 

Multiplier  Ratio  108,  Internal  Crystal  Osciliator  Frequency  Range 

(MHz)  98.4  to  104.0,  Maximum  Input  Current  (mA}  400. 

The  signal  source  are  designed  for  applications  where  high  stability 
and  low  noise  are  of  prime  concern  ihese  sources  uiilize  fundamen- 
tal transistor  oscillators  with  high  Q  coaxial  cavities,  followed  by 
broadband  stable  step  recovery  diode  multipliers.  This  design 
allows  single  screw  mechanical  adjustment  of  frequency  over  stan- 
dard communications  bands  Broadband  sampling  circuits  are  used 
to  phase  lock  the  oscillator  to  a  high  stability  reference  which  may 
be  either  an  internal  self-contained  crystal  oscillator,  external 
primary  standard  or  VHF  synthesizer  This  unique  technique  allows 
for  optimization  of  both  FM  noise  and  long  term  stability  Lis!  Price 
is  Si  158,00  (THESE  are  NEW)  Our  Price— $289. 


HEWLETT  PACKARD  1N5712  MICROWAVE  DIODE 

This  diode  will  replace  the  MBO101.  TN5711T  5082-2800, 

5062  2835  ect  This  will  work  like  a  champ  in  all  those 

Down  Converter  projects.  $1.50  or  107$  10.00 

MOTOROLA  MHW1172R  LOW  DISTORTION 

WIDEBAND  AMPLIFIER  MODULE. 

Frequency  Range:  40  to  300  MHz  ,  Power  Gain  at  50MHz 

I6.6min.  to  I7.4max..  Gam  Flatness  ±0.1  Typ.  ±0,2 

Ma*.  dB.,  DC  Supply  Voltage  -28vdc.  RF  Voltage  Input 

+  70dBmV  PRICE  $29.99 

GENERAL  ELECTRIC  AA  NICADS 

Model  #41B905HD11  G1 

Pack  of  6  for  55.00  or  60  Cells,  10  Packs  for  $45.00 

These  may  be  broken  down  to  individual  cells. 


ORDERING  INSTRUCTIONS 

TERMS;  DOMESTIC:  Prepaid,  C.O.D.  or  Credit  Card 

FOREIGN:  Prepaid  only,  U.S.  Funds— money  order  or  cashier's  check  only. 

C.O.D.:  Acceptable  by  telephone  or  mail.  Payment  from  customer  will  be  by  cash,  money  order  or  cashier's 
check.  We  are  sorry  but  we  cannot  accept  personal  checks  for  C.O.D.'s. 

CONFIRMING  ORDERS:  We  would  prefer  that  confirming  orders  not  be  sent  after  a  telephone  order  has  been 
placed,  If  company  policy  necessitates  a  confirming  order,  please  mark  "CONFIRMING"  boldJy  on  the  order. 
If  problems  or  duplicate  shipments  occur  due  to  an  order  which  is  not  properly  marked,  customers  will  be 
held  responsible  for  any  charges  incurred,  plus  a  15%  restock  charge  on  returned  parts. 

CREDIT  CARDS:  We  are  now  accepting  Mastercard  and  Visa. 

DATA  SHEETS:  When  we  have  data  sheets  in  stock  on  devices  we  do  supply  them  with  the  order. 


aM'H; 


electronic* 


S*B 


(602)  242-3037 
(602)242-8916 

2111  W.  CAM  EL  BACK  ROAD 
PHOENIX,  ARIZONA  85015 

Toll  Free  Number 

800-528-0180 

(For  orders  only) 


h 


i 


**$ee  Ust  of  Advertisers  on  page  ?30 


73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     167 


MC/ 


FULL  LINE  ALL  PARTS  &  COMPUTER  PRODUCTS 


ELECTRONICS 


i^60 


MMTTL 

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P.O.  Box  4430M 
Santa  Clara.  CA  95054 

Will  calls:  2322  Walsh  Ave. 

(408)  988-1640 

Same  day  shipment.  First  line  parts  only,  Factory  tested.  Guaranteed 
money  back.  Quality  IC'-s  aid  other  components  at  factory  prices, 

INTEGRATED  CIRCUITS  Phone  orders  only  [800)  538-8196 


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ELECTRONIC  SYSTEMS  KITS 

Apple  Peripheral  Kits 

SERIAL  I/O  INTERFACE  0  to  30,000  baud, 
D.T.R.,  Input  &  output  from  monitor  or  basic,  or 
ljsp  Apple  as  intelligent  tormina],  Bd  only  (P/N  2) 
514,95,  Kit  fP/N  ?A)  $51.25,  Assembled  {P/N 
2C)  $8295. ' 

PROTOTYPING  BOARD    (P/N  7907)  $21.95. 
PARALLEL  TRIAC  OUTPUT  BOARD    8  triacs, 
each  can  switch  110V,  6A  loads,  &d  only  (P/N 
210)  S1fl.2flp  Kit  (P/N  21QA)  S119.6S. 
OPTO-ISOLATED  INPUT  &OARD    a  Inputs,  can 
be  driven  from  TTL  logic,  fid  cmly  (P/N  120) 
$*5,&5.  Kit  (P.'W  120A)  Sfifl.95. 
Interface  Kits 

SERIAL-PARALLEL  INTERFACE  Bidirectional, 
Baud  rates  from  110  to  t9.2K,  sw  selectable 
polarity  of  input  and  output  strobe,  5  to  8  data 
bits,  t  or  2  stop  bits,  parity  odd  or  even  or  none, 
all  characters  contain  a  start  bit.  +5  &  -12V 
required. Bd  only  (P/N  101)  $11.15,  Kit  {P/N 
101  A)  $42.89. 

RS-232/TTL  INTERFACE    Bidirectional,  re- 
quires  ±  12V,  Kit  (P/N  232A)  $9.95, 
RS~232/20mA  INTERFACE    Bidirectional,  2 
passive  opto-tsolated  circuits.  Kit  (P/N  7901  A) 
$14,95. 

PROM  Eraser 

Will  erase  25  PRGMs  in  15  minutes.  Ultraviolet, 
assembled.  25  PROM  capacity  $37.50  (with 
timer  SG9.5Q).  6  PROM  Capacity  OSHA/UL  ver- 
sion $78.50  (with  timer  $108,50}. 

NiCad  Battery  Fixer/Charger  Kit 

Opens  shorted  celts  that  won't  hold  a  charge  and 
then  charges  irvem  up.  all  in  one  kit  w/lull  parts 
and  instructions.  No  PC  board,  $8.45 


Z80  Microcomputer 

16  bit  VOt  2  MHz  clock,  2K  RAM,  ROM  Bread- 
board space.  Excellent  for  control-  Bare  Board 
S2B.5D,  Full  Kit  $9900.  Monitor  $20,00.  Power 
Supply  Kit  $35.00.  Tiny  Basic  $30.00. 

Modem  Kit  $60.00 

State  of  the  art,  o rig.,  answer.  No  tuning  neces- 
sary. 103  compatible  300  baud,  Inexpensive 
acoustic  coupler  plans  included.  Bd.  only 
$17.00.  Article  in  June  ffatf/'o  Etectronics. 

60  Hz  Crystal  Time  Base  Kit  $4.40 

Converts  digital  clocks  from  AC  line  frequency  to 
crystal  time  base.  Outstanding  accuracy. 

Video  Modulator  Kit  $9.95 

Convert  TV  set  into  a  high  quality  monitor  w/o 
affecting  usage.  Com  p.  kit  w/full  instruc. 

Multi-volt  Computer  Power  Supply 

8v  5  amp,  ±18v  .5  amp,  5v  1.5  amp.  -5v 
.5  amp,  12v  .5  amp,  -12v option.  ±5v,  ±12v 
are  regulated.  Basic  Kit  $35,95,  Kit  with  chassis 
and  all  hardware  $51,95,  Add  S5.00  shipping.  Kit 
of  hardware  $16.00.  Woodgrain  case  $10.00. 
S1 .50  shipping 

Type-N-Talk  by  Votrax 

Text  to  speech  synthesizer  with  unlimited  vocabu- 
lary, built-in  text  to  speech  algorithm,  70  to  100 
bits  per  second  speech  synthesiser,  RS232C 
interface  $359.00.  Speech  IC  $79.95. 

1802  1SK  Dynamic  RAM  Kit  $149.00 

Expandable  to  64K.  Hidden  refresh  w/clocks  up  to 

4  MHz  w/no  wart  states.  Addl.  16K  RAW  $25.00. 

5  100  4-siDt  expansion  $  9.95 
Super  Monitor  VI. I  Source  listing        $1500 


I 


mmmmmm 
Virargig 


RCA  Cosmac  1802 
Super  Elf  Computer  $106.95 

Toe  Super  Elf  is  a  small  single  board  computer  mat 
does  many  big  things.  It's  an  excellent  computer 
lor  training  and  for  learning  programming  with  its 
machine  language  and  yet  it's  easily  expanded 
with  additional  memory,  Full  Basic,  ASCII 
Keyboards,  video  character  generation,  etc. 

ROM  monitor;  State  and  Mode  displays,  Single 
step;  Optional  address  dismays;  Power  Supply; 
Audio  Amplifier  and  Speaker,  Fully  socketed  for  all 
IChs;  Full  docomentatton. 

Trie  Super  EM  includes  a  ROM  monitor  for  pn> 
gram  loading,  edrting  and  execution  with  SINGLE 
STEP  for  p^gram  debugging  which  is  not  in- 
cluded in  others  at  the  same  price.  With  SINGLE 
STEP  you  can  see  the  microprocessor  chip  oper- 
ating with  the  unique  Quest  address  and  data  bus 
displays  before,  during  and  after  executing  in- 
structions. AJ$o=  CPO  mode  and  instruction  cycle 
are  decoded  and  displayed  on  S  LED  indicators. 

An  RCA  1861  video  graphics  chip  allows  you  to 

connect  to  your  own  TV  with  an  inexpensive  video 
modufcator  to  do  graphics  and  games.  There  is  a 
speaker  system  included  for  writing  your  own 
music  or  using  many  musio  programs  already 
written.  The  speaker  amplifier  may  also  be  used  to 
drive  relays  for  control  purposes. 

A  24  key  HEX  keyboard  includes  16  HEX  keys  plus 
load,  reset,  run,  wait,  input,  memory  protect, 
monitor  select  and  single  step  Large,  on  board 

displays  provide  output  and  optional  high  and  low 
address.  There  is  a  44  pin  standard  connector  slot 


Quest  Super  Basic  V5.0 

A  new  enhanced  version  of  Super  Basic  now 
available.  Quest  was  the  first  company  worlctwrrie 
to  ship  a  full  size  Basic  Tor  1602  Systems.  A 
complete  function  Super  Basic  by  Ron  Cenker 
including  floating  point  capability  with  scientific 
nutation  (number  range  +.17E38},  32  bit  inleger 
±2  billion;  mulli  dim  arrays,  string  arrays:  string 
manipulation:  cassette  I/O,  save  and  load,  basic, 
data  and  machine  language  programs:  and  over 
75  statements,  functions  and  operations. 
New  improved  laster  version  including  re- 
number and  essentially  unlimited  variables 
Also,  an  exclusive  user  expandable  comirrano 
library 

Serial  and  Parallel  I/O  routines  included 
Super  Basic  on  Cassette  $55.00. 


for  PC  cards  and  a  50  pin  connector  slat  for  the 
Quest  Super  Expansion  Board ,  Power  supply  and 
sockets  for  all  IC's  are  included  plus  a  detailed 
127  pg.  instruction  manual  which  now  includes 
over  40  pgs  of  software  info,  including  a  series  of 
lessons  to  help  get  you  started  and  a  music  pro- 
gram and  graphics  target  game.  Many  schools 
and  universities  are  using  the  Super  Elf  as  a 
course  of  study,  OEM's  use  it  for  training  and 
RfiD. 

Remember,  other  computers  only  offer  Super  Etf 
features  at  additional  cost  or  not  at  ail.  Compare 
before  you  buy.  Super  Elf  Kit  $106.95.  High 
address  option  $8,95,  Low  address  option 
$9.95.  Custom  Cabinet  with  drilled  and  labelled 
plexiglass  front  panel  $24.95,  All  metal  Expansion 
Cabinet,  painted  and  silk  screened,  with  room  for 
5S-10D  boards  and  power  supply  $57.00.  NlCad 
Battery  Memory  Saver  Kit  $0.95.  All  kits  and 
options  also  completely  assembled  and  tested. 

Qoestdata,  $  software  publication  for  1602  com- 
puter  users  is  available  by  subscription  tor  $1 2.00 
per  12  issues,  Single  Issues  $1.50.  Issues  1-1 2 
bound  $16.50. 

Moews  Video  Graphics  $3 .50,,  Games  and  Music 
1 3. (HI f  Chip  &  Interpreter  $5.5flh  Starship  4K  cas- 
sette $14.95,  Exciting  and  challenging  space 
game.  Complete  manual  included. 

Free  14  page  brochure 

of  complete  Super  Elf  system. 


Super  Expansion  Board  with  Cassette  Interlace  $89.95 

This  is  truly  an  astounding  value \  Trips  board  has  gram  bugs  quickly,  then  follow  with  single  step,  tf 

been  designed  to  allow  you  to  decide  how  you  you  have  the  Super  Expansion  Board  and  Super 

want  it  optioned.  The  Super  Expansion  Board  Monitor  the  monitor  is  up  and  running  at  the  push 

comes  with  4K  of  low  power  HAM  fully  address-  of  a  button. 


able  anywhere  in  64K  with  built-in  memory  pro- 
tect and  a  cassette  interface.  Provisions  have 
been  made  for  all  other  options  on  the  same  board 
and  it  fits  neatly  into  the  hardwood  cabinet 
alongside  the  Super  Elf.  The  board  includes  slots 
for  up  to  6K  of  EPflOH  [2708,  2758,  2716  orTI 
271 6)  and  is  Hilly  socketed.  EPROM  can  be  used 
for  the  monitor  and  Tiny  Basic  or  other  purposes. 


Other  on  board  options  include  Parallel  Input  and 
Output  Porls  with  foil  handshake  They  allow  easy 
connection  of  an  ASCII  keyboard  to  the  input  port, 
AS  232  and  20  ma  Current  Loop  for  teletype  or 
other  device  are  on  board  and  if  you  need  more 
memory  there  are  two  S-100  slots  for  static  RAM 
or  video  boards.  Also  a  1K  Super  Monilor  version 
2  with  video  driver  for  full  capability  display  with 


A  IK  Super  HOM  Monitor  $19, 95  is  available  as  an  Tiny  Basic  and  a  video  interface  board .  Parallel 

on  board  option  in  2708  EPROM  which  has  been  I/O  Ports  $9,85,  RS  232  S4.50,  TTY  20  ma  f/F 

preprogrammed  wrth  a  program  loader/editor  and  $1.96,  S-100  $4.50.  A  50  pin  connector  set  with 

error  checking  multi  file  cassette  read/write  ribbon  cable  is  available  at  $19. 95  for  easy  con- 
software,  (relocatable  cassette  file)  another  exciu-  nection  between  the  Super  Elf  and  the  Super 
sive  from  Quest.  It  Includes  register  save  and  Expansion  Board, 

readout,  block  move  capability  and  video  graphics  p,^,  $ypp|»  Kj|  for  ^  comn|ete  system  (see 

driver  wrm  blinking  cursor.  Break  points,  can  be  MulthvoSt  Power  Supply  below) 
used  with  the  register  save  feature  to  isolate  pro- 


Rockwell  AIM  65  Computer 

550^  based  single  board  wrth  lull  ASCII  keyboard 
and  20  column  thermal  printer.  20  char,  alphanu- 
meric display  ROM  monitor:,  fully  expandable. 
$419.00.  4K  version  $449. DO  4K  Assembler 
$35.00.  BK  Basic  Interpreter  S65.00 

Special  small  power  supply  5V  2 A  24V  ,5A 
assem  in  frame  $59-00.  Molded  plastic 
enclosure  to  fit  boih  AIM  65  and  power  supply 
$52.50.  AIM  65  1K  in  cahinet  with  power  supply, 
switch,  fuse,  cord  assem  $559.00.  4K  $579.00. 
A65  40-5000  AIM  65-40  W/1GK  RAM  and  monitor 
$1295,00.  RAM  Board  Kit  (16K.  $195)  (32K, 
1215).  VD640  Vadeo  Interface  Kit  $119,00,  A&T 
S149.00.  Complete  AIM  65  in  thin  bnetcasa  with 
power  supply  $518.00.  Special  Package  Price  4K 
AIM,  BK  Basic,  power  suppty,  cabinet  $629.00 

AIM  65/KlM/SYM/Super  Elt  44  pin  expansion 
board,  -board  with  3  connectors  $22,95. 


**i  ._  ** 


**Wta^. 


Mr. 


Elf  II  Adapter  Kit  $24.95 

Plugs  into  Elf  II  providing  Super  Elf  44  and  50  pin 
plus  S-100  bus  expansion.  (With  Super  Ex- 
pansion).  High  and  low  address  displays,  state 
and  mode  LEDs  optional  $18.00. 


Super  Color  S-100  Video  Kit  $129.95 

Expandable  to  256  x  192  high  resolution  color 
graph ics.  6847  with  all  display  modes  computer 
controlled.  Memory  mapped.  1K  RAM  expand- 
able to  6K.  S-100  bus  1802,  8080,  8085,  Z80, 
etc.  Dealers:  Send  for  excellent  pricing  margin 
program, 


TERMS:  $5.00  min.  order  U.S.  Funds.  Calif,  residents  add  f}%  tax.  prjces 

$10.00  min.  VISA  and  MasterCard  accepted,  $1.00  insurance  optional.       subject 
Shipping;  Add  5%;  orders  under  $25.00—10%.  to  change 


FREE:  Send  for  your  copy  of  our  NEW  1982 
QUEST  CATALOG.  Include  98c  stamp. 


168     73 Magazine  *  April,  1982 


RAMSEY 
ELECTRONICS 

%m  Inc. 


PARTS  WAREHOUSE 


We  now  have  available  a  bunch  of  goodses  too 
good  to  bypass     Items  are  limited  so  order  today 


2575  Baird  Rd. 
Penfield,  NY  14526 

716-586-3950 


MINI  KITS  -  YOU  HAVE  SEEN  THESE  BEFORE  NOW 

HERE  ARE  OLD  FAVORITE  AND  NEW  ONES  TOO- 

GREAT  FOR  THAT  AFTERNOON  HOBBY. 


FM 

MINI 

MIKE 


A  super  high  performance  FM  wife- 
less mike  kit'  Transmits  a  stable 
signal  up  to  300  yards  with  excep- 
tional audio  quaMy  by  means  of  its 
buill  in  eiectrel  mike  Kit  includes 
case,  rmke,  on-off  switch  antenna 
battery  and  super  rn  si  rue  (to/is  Trus 
is  the  finest  unit  available 

FM-3  Kil  $14.95 

FM-3  Wired  and  Tested  19,95 


Color  Organ 

See  music  come 
alive!  3  deferent 
lights  flicker  with 
music.  One  Jjght 
each  for,  high. 
mid-range  and 
lows  Each  indi- 
vidually adjust- 
able  and  drives  up 
lo  300  W  runs  on 
110  VAC 

Complete  kit, 
ML-1 
$6:95 


Vld*d  Modulilor  Kil 
Cpnvffts  any  TV  to  video  monitor    Sup  Err 
stable.  tunatHQ  over  ch    4-6     flurit  d1  ii- 
1 5 V.  accepts  std  video  signal   Besfunnon 
me  marke-n    Compiele  kit  VD-i        J7.S5 


Led  Slinky  KH 
A  t/real  altentiOn  Met- 
ier which  alternately 
Hashes  2  jumbo  LEDs 
Use  tor  name  badges. 
buttons,     warning 
panel  lights,  anything" 
Runs  on  3  to  15  vol  Is 
Complete  kit.  BL-i 
$295 


Super  Sleuth 

A  super  sensitiveampJi- 
fier  which  will  pick  up  a 
pin  drop  at  15  feet!1  Great 
for  monitoring  baby's 
room  or  as  generaf  pur- 
pose amplifier  Full  2  W 
rms  output  runs  on  6  to 
15  volts    uses  8-45  ohm 

speaker 
Complete  kit.  SN-S 

$5,95 


CPO-1 

Runs  on  3-12  Vdc  1  wall  out.  I  KHZ  qood  forCPO, 

Alarm   Audio  Oscillalor     Complete  ktl  $2,95 


Call  Your  Phone  Order  in  Today 
TERMSfc  Satisfaction  guaranteed  or  money 
refunded.  GOD.  add  $2.00.  Minimum  order 
S6.O0.  Orders  under  $10.00  add  $1.50.  Add  5% 
tor  postage,  insurance,  handling.  Overseas 
add  15%.  ISI.V.  residents  add  7%  tax. 


CLOCK  KITS 

Your  old  favorltei  are  here  again.    Over  7,000  Sold  to  Date, 
Be  one  ol  the  gang  and  order  yours  today! 

Try  your  hand  at  buifding  rhe  finest  Fooking  clock  on  the 
market  Its  satin  finish  anodized  aluminum  case  looks  great 
anywhere,  while  six  A"  LED  digits  provide  a  highly  readable 
drsplay.  This  is  a  complete  ktt.  no  extras  needed  and  it  only 
lakes  1-2  hours  to  assemble  Your  choice  of  case  colors: 
silver,  gold,  black  (specify). 

Clock  kit.  12/24  hour.  DC-5  $24.95 

Clock  with  10  min    ID  timer.  12/24  hour.  DC-10  $29,95 

Alarm  clock    12  hour  only    DC-8  $29.95 

12V  DC  car  clock.  DC-7  $29.95 

For  wired  and  tested  cfocks  add  S10.QG  to  kit  price. 
SPECIFY  12  OR  24  HOUR  FORMAT 


FM  Wireless  Mike  Kit 

Transmits  up  lo300  lo 
any  FM  broadcast  ra- 
dio, uses  any  lype  of 
mike  Runs  on  3  to  9V  Type  FM-2 
has  added  sensitive  rmke  preamp 
stage 

FM  1  kit    $3.95  FM-2  kit     $4.95 


Universal  Timer  Kit 

Provides  (he  basic  parts  and  PC 
board  required  to  provide  a  source 
ol  preeiSrOin  timing  and  puiae 
general  ion  Uses  555  timer  fC  and 
includes  a  range  of  parts  for  most 
liming  needs 

UT-5  Kit  $5.95 


Whisper  Light  Kit 

An  Interesting  kit.  small  mike 
picks  up  sounds  and  converts 
them  to  fight     The  louder  the 
sound,   the  brighter  the  light 
Includes  mike,  controls  up  to 
300  W.  runs  on  170  VAC. 
Complete  kit.  WL-1 
$6.95 


Mad  Blaster  Kit 

Produces  LOUD  ear  shattering  and 
aMention  getting  siren  like  sound 
Can  supply  up  to  T5  waats  of 
obnoxious  audio  Runs  on  6-15  VDC 


MB-1   Kit 


$4  95 


Tone  Decoder 

A  complete  lone  deco- 
der   on    a    single    PC 
board     Features     400- 
5000      H7      adiustable 
range  v<a  20  turn  pot.  vottage  regu- 
lation   567  IC     Useful  ior  touch- 
tone    burst    detection.   FSK     etc 
Can  also  be  used  as  a  stable  tone 
encoder     Runs  on  5  to  1?  volts 
Complete  Kit   TD-i       $5-95 


Car  Clock 

The  UN'KIT,  only  5  solder  connections 


Siren  Kit 

Produces  upward  and  downward 

wail    characteristic    of    a    police 

siren,  5  W  peak  audio  output,  runs 

on    3-15    volts,    uses    3-45    ohm 

speaker 

Complete  kit,  SM-3  $2.95 


SO  Hi  Time  Bate 
Runs  or  5- I  &  JOC      Law  f-.ufrfrfit  \2  ^fri^t  1 
mnvmomri  jecu'fjfcpjf  1°1  K  t  fS.SO 

rp   ?  A^y  t?  as 


Hore  s  a  super  looking,  rugged  ar>o  accurate  as.no  clock  whrcb  15  a  snap  to  putld  and 
<nsiaii  Clock  movcfnetn  is  cpfnptswly  assembled  ■■  you  o^iy  sower  a  wnes  anri  ? 
switches  takes  about  T5  minutes'  Display  =  5  brigiht  green  wilfi  automalnr  brightness 
control  photocell  assures  yuu  of  a  hughiy  readable  display  day  Or  rug  hi  Comes  <n  a 
satin  finish  anodized  aluminum  casewhicti  ca^beaUactiecf&difFerenrwiiy^LJsangJs'ded 
lap*    Cripi'ci  of  siker  blacfc  or  gold  case  (specify! 


DC -3  kit    12  hour  lormal 
DC-3  wired  and  tested 


S22.&5 
$29.95 


Calendar  Alarm  Clock 

The  clock  that's  got  it  all  &-  5"  LEDs 
17'24  hour,  snooze  24  hour  aJarm.  4 
year  calendar  battery  backup  and 
tots  more  The  super  700 1  chip  is 
used  Sire  5x4x2, nches  Complete 
kit.  less  case  (not  availablel 
DC-9  $34.95 


Under  Dash  Car  Clock 

12- 24  hOur  clock  ir«  3  b*t9Vl\lw\ptH*lnzt$ZVt*4ti.>r'-x 
6  fiimbc  RED  LEDS  hig»i  accur&cy  lOTI^l  «jtsy 
3  wire  hcKJfcu-p   display  blip's  u,nh  19ml  iof>    if>d 

frUjSJM  ■■<:■.••■■:  llfiftl      f.3|.!li.:.iii.il  .H-nn.,  (truCMTHiiL^Hv 

sdjosts  cinpMir  rp  »mbt*r*f  ii^m  \*&ti 

OC  ii  doCtf  *  rr  r-i rrr  hr^:-i>'i  tl 7. frS  I. M 
CM  1  .-i.mmer  idaprs-r  fi.Sfl 

*nd  SiOOn  Atsy   ana  Ts&i 


PARTS  PARADE 


Video  Terminal 

--.    -mfHgiei*  self.  corirair^pO  sia^c  aJOnp  vidfu-  lemnna?  c*rcl   Requ-rffsoniy  art  ASCII  hfjyti&atilanrr'V 
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include  &ocker&  and  corr-plete  documeniaincHi 

RE  64i6  tfrr^Hti* I  wo  hit  1 M4  S60  00  *<H*  wwd  unn  1  JUS  35 

Lc*p>  Case  auhon  Il3s6 

Po#J>r  SupptV  314  J5 

RF  Windi.-lr»ro  17  95 


IC  SPECIALS 


LINEAR 


301 

324 

3*0 

555 

556 

565 

566 

56? 

741 

145S 

3900 

3914 

&03S 


<* 


S-35 
*1« 
H.SO 

%  45 
(1.00 
tl  00 
SI, 00 
St  25 
10  S  2  00 
S  SO 
S  .SO 
S29S 
$2,95 


TTL 


74S0O 

7447 

7475 

7490 

74196 


S  .40 

£   65 

£.50 

$  .50 

St  35 


SPECIAL 


4011 
4013 
4o4£ 
4049 
*059 
4511 
4516 
5639 


CMOS 


fllffll 


.50 

.50 

B1.85 

.50 
$9.00 
$2,00 
$1.35 

SI.  75 


REAPOUTS 

FND3S9  <    CC  tt.00 

FND  WStQ   5"C  A  100 

MAN  ?2/HP?T30  il'C  *  1.00 

HP  7S5i   «"C  A  1.00 


11C90 

10116 
7208 

7207  A 

7216D 

7107C 

5314 

5375AB/G 

7001 


$15,00 
$  1.25 
$17.50 
S  5,50 
$21.00 
$12.50 
S  2.95 
$  2.95 
$  6.50 


Resistor  Ass  I 
Assorrment  of  Pop u far  values  -  % 
wan    Cut  lead"  lor  PC  mounting  '' 
csntRr     /:  ■    leads,  bag  of  300  or 
more 

St.  50 


Switches 

Mini  toggle  SPOT  S1.Q0 

Red  Pushbuttons  N.O-.        3/S1.0Q 


Earphones 

3"  leads   d  Ohrn    good  For  srnarJ  lone 
speakers  alarm  clack?  etc 
5for$1,0Q 


Mini  B  ohm  Speaker 
Apprcix    2 '■'    di^">    Round 
Eypf!  For  raflifls   mike  file 
3  for  S3. 00 


Crystals 

3579545    MHZ  H-50 

10.00000    MHZ  15.00 

5. 243000    MHZ  J 5.00 


AC  Ada  pie  r* 

Good  lor  cJocks  mead 
crictrgerrjjHll  HfJ  VAC  plug 
□  ne  end 

a  5  ^dc  C&  20  mA  SI  .00 

16   vac  Iffi  160rnA  S3. 50 

l?    tfac  fq>  250  mA  S3 .00 


Solid  Stite  Buzzeri 

smalf  bujzer  450  Hz.  86  dB  sound 
ourpul  on  5-12  iicJC  il  10-30  mA  TTL 
compatible II  50 


Slug  Tuned  Coils 

Small  3-'l&"  hex  Slugs  turned  corl 
3lurns  10  for  $1.00 


AC  Outlet 

Panel  Mount  wdh  Leads 

4/51  00 


Audio 
Pre scaler 

Make  high  resoiutron  audio 
measurmenls.  grea!  for  musical 
instrument  tunirrg,  PL  tones  etc. 
Multiplies  audio  UP  in  frequency, 
selectable  *10  or  xl00.  gives  .01 
HZ  resolution  with  1  sec  gate 
rime1  High  sensitivity  of  25  mv  1 
meg  input  7  and  built-in  filtering 
gives  great  performance  Runs 
on  9V  battery,  all  CMOS 
PS-2  kit  $29.95 

PS-2  wired  $39.95 


600  MHz 
PRESCALER    »™ 


Extend    the    range  of   your 

counter  to  600  MHz  Works 
with  all  counters  Less  than 
150  mv  sensitivity,  specify  - 
10  or  -100 

Wired,  tested.  PS-IB     $59,95 
Kit.  PS-IB  S44.9S 


FERRITE  BEADS 

Wifn  tnfo  ar.0  tpecs       15.''ti.M 
(  Hole  Baii^n  Beads        S/|1.rj0 


TRANSISTORS 

a-Nr-aatH  npn  c»f  is/*i.» 

2tJ39TO  PNP  C-F  15^11  M 

2N4403  PNP  C^F  ts/l  1 ,« 

?n  a*  mNPNe«F  i  a.'i  i .«? 

?N«16FETC'F  */t1.00 

?«J5.4Dl   PN«:C-*  S.-tl.OQ 

?W«02e  C*F  4'tl.OO 

7NJ771   MPN  SUHStfP  HSd 

2NS179  UMFNPN  3/I2.W 

Pljw6i   TtL>  NPN  4DW  1/|  1  DO 

Pl>*bt  Tad  PNP  +0W  3/1.00 

MPF  10a.'BN5*84  t.50 

NPN  3904  TfPfl  T"R  SA/tl.SO 

P*IP   390«  Typ#  T+R  SO/U.» 

2N30SS  S.W 

2ish»4£  ujt  i/ia.ao 


Sockets 

8  Pin  10/&2.00 

14  Pin  10/52.00 

16  Pin  10/S2.00 

24  Pin  4/S2.0G 

28  Pin  4/$2.00 

40  Pin  3/S2.00 


Diodes 

5  1  V  Zener  20/S1.00 

1N9U  Type  50/S1.OO 

1KV  2Amp  B/$1.00 

100V  1Amp  1S/S1.00 


CAPACITORS 

TANTALUM 

Dipped  EpQjty 

1.5uF25V3/$1.O0 
1.8  uF  25V  3/S1.00 
,22uF25V3/$1.00 


ALUMINUM 

Ehecirolylic 

1000  uF  16V  fladjal    1.50 

M0  uF  2QV  A^iai        1.50 

150  uF  16V  Axial  S-ll  M 

10  UF  'SVPatfia'  la.'IT  Oft 


OlSK  CfflAMlC 

01  1fiV  3is>     ?p.J1  00 
1  1£>V  15'ilQD 

fXli   16V  M/fl.00 

100  pf  M/J1 .00 

047  1fJV  ap'ti.» 


DC-DC  Converter 

•5  vdc  input  prod   -9  vdc  @  30r«na 
■  9  vdc  prod  uc  es  - 1 5  vdc  (S>  35  ma  f  1 .  25 


2&K  20  Turn  Trim  Pot    SLO0 
IK    20  Turn  Trrrn  Pft\    \  .Sd 


J. 


Ceramic  IF  FNlers 

Mini  ceramic  filters  7  rtH^ 

B.W  455  KHz  S1  50  ea 


It 


Trimmer  Cup! 

Sprague  -  3-40  pf 

Stable  Polypropyfene 

,50  f4, 


30  Walt  2  mtr  PWR  AMP 

Simple  CJass  C  power  amp  features  8  times  power  gain  1  W  in 
for  8  out,  2  W  In  for  15  out,  4Win  for 30  out  Max  output  of  35  W, 
incredible  value,  complete  with  all  parts,  less  case  and  T-R  refay 
PA-1,  30  W  pwr  amp  kit  $22.95 

TR-1,  RF  sensed  T-R  relay  kit  6.95 


MRF-238  iransistor  as  used  in  PA-1 
a-lOdh  gam   ISO  mhz  $11.95 


RF  actuated  relay  senses  RF 

(1W)  and  closes  DPDT  relay 

For  RF  sensed  T-R  relay 

TRT  Kit     $6.95 


Power  Supply  Kil 

Complete  mpte  regulated  power 
supply  provider  variable  6lo  18voilsat 
200  ma  and  i-5  at  l  Amp  Excellent  load 
regulation  good  filtering  ana)  small 
size  Less  transformers  rEquiresOSV 
s1  A  and  24  VCT 
Complele  kit.  PS-3LT  16.95 


Crystal  Microphone 

Small  I"  diameter  *&■'  Ihick 
crys-ta I  mike  cartridge   S.75 


25  AMP 

100V  Bridge 

$1.50  each 

Mini-Bridge  50V 

1  AMP 

2  for  $1.00 


Coax  Connector 

Chassis  mount 
BNC  type  11.00 


Mini  RG-174  Coax 
10  It.  for  $100 


9  Von  B*ll*fy  Clips 

Mic&  quality  clips  5  tor  f  l.OO 

%"  Rubbef  Grornmeis         10  far  11.00 


OPAMP  Special 

Bl^FET  LF 13741  -  Direct  pin  for  pin  741  compatible,  bu!  500.000  MEG 

input  z.  super  low  50  pa  inpiit  curfent.  Jow  power  drain. 

50  lor  only         $3  00  10  for         12- 00 


Pi'ii  Bag 
Aiat   of  cuiokfrj    true   c^p&   i&f»     r*4i»ro*J 
ii.;-i5.,4if?rs  dtfiiiei  MfCA  caps  eic 
s-   bag  I  lQQ  pel  1 1.40  g    Dag  (300  pel  12.54 


Con  nation 
6  pin  type  ^qiCl  contacts-  tijr 
ttiA-10D3  C&r  Clock  module 
price  75  va 


Ledi    -  your  choice,  pfease  spectty 

Mini  Fed,  Jumbo  Red.  Hrgh  Intensity  Fled,  Illuminator  Red  ft/$1 

Mini  Yeltow.  Jumbo  Yellow,  Jumbo  Green  6/$1 


Varaetfrn 
MotarQln  MV  350S  30  PF  NOrnmal  Cap  ZQ-EH)  PF  -  Tunable  range 

5ft  **ch  or  3/tl.OO 


7&MG 

7&MG 

723 

3Q9K 

7B05 


$125 

$1.25 

$.50 

$1.15 

$1.00 


R«gul  aitcra 


7812 

7fil5 
7905 
7912 
7915 


$1.00 
$1  00 
$1.25 
$125 
$1.25 


Shrink  Tubing  Nubt 

Nice  pre<u[  pCes  tjf  sfiriflk  %\Z&    1"  x  '*  " 
shnnk  to  '■i"  Greal  for  sprrc&s      50/tl.OO 


Mini  TO-92  ^teal  Sinks 
ThermaJlpi/  gr$nd  5  tor  11. M 

I  •)  ?20Heat  SifthS  3  lor  SI. M 


Opto  isolators  -  4N26  type 

Opto  Reflectors  -  Photo  diode  t  LED 


H 


$30  ea. 
$1.00  ea. 


Molax  Pint 
M<ii-l?j<  alre&dy  procujt  in  length  ol  7  Perfect 
tor  14  pin  socket     2f>  ttrlpt  for  $1.00 


CDS  Phploc^ll 

Res^SlFjnre  varies,  wrtfi    IhgFit    ?50  ohms  lo 
over  3  meg  3  lor  (1.00 


^See  U$t  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73  Magazine  *  April,  19S2     169 


CALL  TOLL  FREE 


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-Power  Switch 

-MS"  Meter  indicates  str*ngth 
of  received  signals. 

-Digital  Display    indicates 
frequency  of  received  signal. 

-Mode  Switch    selects  operat- 
ing modes    AM  (wide)  for 
broadband  AM  reception  such 
as  from  AM  broadcast  band. 
AM  (narrow)  for  AM  voice 
reception,  wrth  maximum 
rejection  of  interfering  signals 
USB  for  SSB  (USB)  reception 
LSB/CW  for  SSB  (  LSB)  or 
CW  reception. 

-Band    switch  selects  frequency 
band  in  MHz,  from  0  to  29  in 
1  MHi  steps, 

-Main  Tuning  Knob  Use  to  select 
frequency  within  each  band. 


Hf  ATT  Switch  allows  20  dB 

input  signal  attenuation. 
-Tone  Control  allows  adjustment 

of  audio  frequency  response 

to  minimize  effect  Of 

interference. 
■NB  Switch  noise  blanker. 

minimizes  effect  of  ignition 

and  other  pulse- type 

interference, 
*AF  Gain  Control  allows 

adjustment  of  speaker  out- 
put volume. 
-Speaker 
-RECORD  Jack  permits  use  of 

tape  recorder  to  record 

signals  being  received* 
-PHONES  Jack  allows  use  of 

headphones  for  private 

listening. 


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DAIWACN-720 

SWR  &  POWER  METER 


The  cross- needle  meter  indicates  both  forward  power  and 
reflected  power  on  one  meter  and  SWR  is  raed  directly  at 
the  point  where  the  needles  intersect-    Both  power  and 
SWR  can  be  checked  instantly  without  time-consuming 
sensitivity  adjustments—  even  when  using  SSB. 


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16  Channels  30-54  MHz,  140-180 
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Dale  Display    1 10  V    AC  or   12- 
16  V   DC 

Seek  Rale   Fasl  lOch/sec 
Slow    5c h/ sec 
Bnghi  Green  9  D*gii  Frequency  Dig 
play     Exl     Antenna   Jack     Ext 
Speaker  Jack  Large  Ton  Mount mg 
Bracket  Scan  Rare  Fast  Scft/sec 

Sk>w  4ch.  sec 
Stan  Delay  Time  Variable  0-4  sec 

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MIRAGE  B-108  Two  Meter  Amplifier 

Features  10W  in-  BOW  Qui  or  2  Walls 
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Bullion  Receive  Preamp,  Adjustable 
Delay  for  SSB  Automatic  Internal  or 
External  Relay  SwHcning,  Frequency 
Range  144  to  146  MHi  Works  lor  SS8. 
CW  or  FM  Modes  Receive  Preamp 
Provides  lOdb  Gam  Mm  5  YEAR 
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OUR  PRICE  *1 59.95 


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170     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


LINKS  •  REPEATERS  •  TRANSMITTERS 
RECEIVERS  •  PREAMPS  •  CONVERTERS 
TRANSCEIVERS  •  POWER  SUPPLIES  •  PA'! 


t»«nSm,S  QUALITY  VHF/UHF  KITS 


AT  AFFORDABLE  PRICES 


FM-5  PC  Board  Kit  -  ON  LY  $1 59.95 
complete  with  controls,  heatsink.  etc. 


SAVE  A  BUNDLE  ON 
VHF  FM  TRANSCEIVERS! 

1 0  watts,  5  Channels,  for  6M.  2M,  or 220 


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HIGH  QUALITY  FM  MODULES  FOR 
REPEATERS,  LINKS,  TELEMETRY,  ETC. 


•  R76  VHF  FM  RECEIVER  for  10MP  6M, 
2M,  220H  or  commercial  bands.  Fantastic 
selectivity  options.  Kits  from  $84,95  to  $1 09.95 

•  R450  UH F  FM  RECEIVERfor3B0-520  MHz 
bands.  Kits  in  select  fvf ty  options  from  $94.95 

•  R1 10  VHF  AM  RECEIVER  KlUorvhf  aircraft 
band  or  ham  bands-  Only  $84,95, 


COR  KITS  With  audio  mixer  and  speaker 
amplifier  Only  $29,95, 

CWID  KITS  158  bits,  field  programmable, 
clean  audio.  Only  $59.95. 

A1 6  RF  TIGHT  BOX  Deep  d rawn  alum,  case 
with  tight  cover  and  no  seams,  7x8x2  inches. 
Only  $18.00. 

SCANNER  CONVERTERS  Copy  72-76, 
1 35-1 44P  240-270, 400*420,  or  806-894  MHz 
bands  on  any  scann  er.  Wi  red/tested  Only  $799  5. 


T51  VHF  FM  EXCITER  for  10MT  6M,  2M. 
220  MHz  or  adjacent  bands.  2  Watts  contin- 
uous. Kits  only  $54.95. 

T451  UHFFM  EXCITER  2  to  3  Watts  on 450 
ham  band  or  adjacent.  Kits  only  $64.95. 

VHF  &  UHF  LINEAR  AMPLIFIERS.  Use  on 
either  FM  or  SSB,  Power  levels  from  1 0  to45 
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Kits  from  $69,95. 


VHF      &      UHF       RECEIVER 
PREAMPS.  Low  noise. 


VHF  &  UHF  TRANSMITTING  CONVERTERS      VHF  &   UHF    RECEIVING   CONVERTERS 


For  SSB,  CW,  ATV,  FM,  etc  Available  for  6MT  2M. 
220,440  with  many  IF  input  ranges.  Converter  board 
kit  only  at  S79.95  (VHF)  or  $99.95  (UHR  or  kits 
complete  with  PA  and  cabinet  as  shown. 


20  Models  cover  every  practical  rf  and  if  range  to 
listen  to  SSB,  FM.  ATV,  eta  on  6M  2M,  220,  440.  and 
1 10  aircraft  band.  Even  convert  weather  down  to  2M! 
Kits  from  $39-95  and  wired  units. 


VHF  Kits  from  27  to  300  MHz.  UHF 
Kits  from  300  to  650  MH2.  Broadband 
Kits:  20*650  MHz.  Prices  start  at 
$14.95  (VHF)  and  Si 8.95  (UHF).  All 
preamps  and  converters  have  noise 
figure  2dB  or  less. 


Call  or  Write  for  FREE  CATALOG 

(Send  $1.00  or  4  IRC's  for  overseas  MAILING) 
Order  by  phone  or  mail  •  Add  $2  S  &  H  per  order 
(Electronic  answering  service  evenings  &  weekends) 
Use  VISA,  MASTERCARD,  Check,  or  UPS  COD. 


amironics,  inc. 

65-RMOUL  RD.  •  HILTON  NY  14468 

Phone:  716-392-9430  *>& 


Mamtronics*  is  a  resist ered  trademark 


ramsa^j    the  first  name  in  Counters ! 


L"  T  W  -rrl  I  urn  itfFHn 
'    I  fc  a.  >#Q  Ji>  <■»  • 

'■int 

V     |  AC  idutftr 
MP  1   N  iluI  pith.   ■  M 
A4t|^Fr  *  "turpi* 
i  IV  I     ^iliLrn  pii»r>  Uvcn 
umh  t<1lf 

I    ilril'J   Umf   HV    rlljlul 


9  DIGITS  600  MHz 


The  CT-90  it  the  moil  versatile,  feature  packed  counter  available  for  lest 
than  $300  00!  Ad vanced  design  features  include  three  selectable  gate  time v 
rune  digit  a,  gate  indicator  snJ  a  unique  display  hold  function  which  hoi  dt  the 
displayed  count  ulicr  the  input  signal  1 5  removed!  Also,  alGmHiTCXOtime 
base  is  ta&ed  which  enables  easy  zero  beat  calibration  checks  against  WWV 
Optionally;  sin  internal  nicad  battery  pack, external  time  base  input  and  Micro- 
power  high  lability  crystal  oven  time  base  are  available,  The  CT-90, 
performance  you  can  count  on! 


$129^ 

^    ^^  WIRED 


SPECIFICATIONS: 


Range 
Sensitivity 

Resolution 


Display: 
Time  base 

Power 


20  Hi  to  600  MHi 

Let*  than  10  MV  to  1 50  MHi 

Less  than  50  MV  to  500  MH* 

0.1  Hi  (10  MHz  range* 

1.0  Hi  {AG  MHz  range! 

10J5  HmGOO  MHi  range) 

9  digits  0.4"  LED 

Standard-]  0  000  mHi,  1.0  ppm  20  40  C. 

Optional  M iero- power  ovenO.l  ppm  20-40 'C 

845  VACtft  250  ma 


7  DIGITS  525  MHz  $99 


WIRED 


SPECIFICATIONS; 


Range. 
Sensitivity: 

Resolution: 


hivplav 
Time  base; 
Power 


20  Hi  to  525  MHi 

lew  than  50  MV  to  1 50  MHt 

Less  than  1 50  MV  to  500  MHr 

10  H/i*  MHi  ran^J 

100  HnSO  MHi  range  i 

100  0  Km  500  MHi  range* 

7  digiti0  4"  LED 

1.0  ppmTCXO  20-40  C 

12  VAC"   250  ma 


The  CT-70  break  s  the  price  bamei  on  lab  quality  frequency  counters. 
De lu se  feature*  such  ax  three  frequency  ranges  each  with  pre-  amphikauon, 
dual  selectable  gale  timet,  and  gate  activity  indication  make  measurements  i 
snap.  The  wide  frequency  range  enables  you  to  accurately  measure  signals 
from  audio  thru  UHF  wiih  I  0  pptn  accuracy  -  that**  0001%?  The  CT  70  is 
the  answer  to  all  your  measurement  needs,  in  the  field  labor  ham  shack. 


PRICES: 

CT  70  wired  1  year  warranty 

CT-70  Ka  90  day  parti  mu- 

tanty 

AC- 1  AC  adapter 

BP-l  Nicadpack  *  AC 

adapter  charter 


$*995 


DIGITS  500  MHz 


$79ss 

WIRED 


PtttCESc 

MINI  100  wired.   I   year 

warranty 

AC  Z  Ac  adapter  tot  M  IN  I 

100 

BP  2  Nicid  pack  and  AC 

adapter  charger 


$79  95 

J  95 

12  ^5 


Here's  a  handy,  general  purpose  counter  that  provides  most  counter 
functions  at  an  unbelievable  price  The  MINI- 100  doesn't  have  the  full 
frequency  range  or  input  impedance  qualities  found  in  higher  price  units,  but 
for  basic  RF  signal  measurements  it  can't  be  beac  Accurate  measurements 
can  be  made  from  I  MHi  all  the  way  up  to  5  00  MH*  with eicellem  sensitivity 
thtuughoul  the  range  and  the  two  gate  umes  Let  you  select  the  resolution 
desired  Add  the  mead  pack  option  and  the  MINI  100  makes  Mn  ideal  addition 
IP  your  toot  boa  for    in  the-  field    frequency  checks  and  repairs. 


SPECIFICATIONS: 


Range 
Sens  m  vny 
Re  solution 

Display 
Time  base 


1  MHz  to  500  MHi 
Less  than  25  MV 
100  Hi  \  slow  gait« 
1.0  K Hi  Hast  gate! 
7  dtgjts.0  4     LED 

2  0  ppm  2Q-*ti*C 
5  VDC  *  200  ma 


DIGITS  600  MHz  $1591 


&$■ 


WIRED 


SPECIFICATIONS: 

Range;  20  Hi  to 600  MH? 

Scnsitixin         Less  than  2?  mv  to  150  MH2 

Less  than  ISO  mv  to 600  MH/ 
Resolution:       J. 0  Hi  (60  MH/  range} 

10.0  Hi  (600  MHi  range) 
Display  I  digits  0  4     LED 

Time  baser      2.0  ppm  SO 40  C 
Power  HO  VAC  or  12  VDC 


The  C  T-  5 0  is  a  v ersai i  le  I ab  be nc  h  counte  r  thai  w  II I  m easu re  up  to 600  M  H  z. 
with  8  digit  precisioiL  And  one  of  its  best  features  is  ihe  Receive  Frequency 
Adapter,  which  turns  the  CT-50  into  a  digital  readout  for  any  receiver  The 
adapter  is  easily  programmed  for  any  receiver  and  a  simple  connection  to  ihe 
receiver* s  VFQ  is  all  that  is  required  for  use,  Adding  the  receiver  adapter  in  no 
way  limits  (he  operation  of  the  CT-50.  the  adapter  can  be  conveniently 
Oft  or  off  The  CT-50.  a  counter  that  can  work  double  duly* 


PRICES: 


CT-50  wired.  I  year  warranty  SI  39,95 
CT  50  Km  90  day  parti 

warranty  1 1  9.95 

RA-1.  receiver  adapter  kit  14,95 
RAr|  wired  and  preprogram- 
med t  send  copy  of  receiver 

schematic!  29. 95 


DIGITAL  MULTIMETER  $99 


in"!: 


95 
WIRED 


PRICES: 

DM  700  wired,  I  year  warranty 

$99  95 

DM  700  Kit  90  day  parts 

warranty 

79.9? 

AC  1,  AC  adaptor 

3,95 

BP-3.  Nicadpack  *-AC 

adapter,  charger 

fW 

MP- 1,  Probe  kil 

2.95 

The  DM -700  afters  protection  j  I  quditv  performance  at  ■  hubhv iai  pnee- 
Feamre*  include:  2t>  dirtrfrni  i.mmi  ind  5  functions,  jII  jrrjfijjed  in  i 
convenient,  easy  to  use  formal  Measurements  are  dlspJiticd  Oil  a  litRe  31': 
digit,.  '-'.  inch  LED  readout  with  autornatk  decimal  plan-meni*  automatic 
I  -.  •  i  ir  1  rv .  1: iv crran^e  indication  iind  overload  prorecnon  up  to  12  50  voir  win  „li 
rimno,  nmkinR  it  vkrtiinllv  gonl-pr<:ioil  The  DM-7CS0  tuuks  ureal.  1  hnml^orm*,, 
■  1  black,  ruigjrd  AoS  case  wLih  convenient  retractable  tilt  hail  make*  it  jn 
iJr.il    i.Uinnn  tO  :itu    shoj 


SPECIFICATIONS: 

IX    AC  vollt  IOOuV  to  I   KV,  5  ranges 

DC/ AC 

0. 1  uA  to  2,0  Amp*.  5  ranges 

0.1  ohms  to  20  Megohms,  6  ranges 


Current 

Resistance. 

Input 

impedance 

Accuracy: 

Power 


10  Megohms,  DC/ AC  volts 
0  3%  basic  DC  vol  is 
4  C  cells 


AUDIO  SCALER 


For  high  resolution  audio  measurements  multiplies 
LP m    frequency 

*  Great  for  PL  tones 

■    Multiplies  by  E0  o*  100 

•  0.0 1   Hi  resolutioff 

S29.M  K11       S39-W  Wired 


ACCESSORIES 

Telescopic  whip  antenna     BNC  plue 

High  impedance  probe,  light  loading 
Low  pass  probe,  for  audio  measurements 
Direct  probe,  general  purpose  usage 
Tift  bail  for  CT  70,  90.  MINI-  SOO 
Color  burst  calibration  unit*  calibrates  counter 
agamsl  color  TV  signal 


S  795 

1595 
15,95 
12-95 


COUNTER  PREAMP 

For  measuring;  extremely  weak  iiassals  rrorn  10  10  I  AV 
M  H :     S  rftaJ  I  *ce.  powered  hv  pJuf  framtormef -mduded. 

•  Flat  25  db  gain 

•  BNC  Connectors 

•  Great  for  sniffing  RF  with  pick  up  loop 

S*4  95  Kit     S44  95  Wired 


VISA 


ramsey  electronic's,  inc.  1 

2575  Baird  Rd.  Penfield,  NY  14526     "M 


PHONE  ORDE  K^ 
CALL  716-5^395(1 


jl  RMS       Sotnloom"  gworttvtd     Hfl»in*  I'o*  ^0  dors  *'  "fl1  pt»o«il 
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4niU'an{«  fo  D  mopimym  of  $1  0     Ov*n*at  aA4  I  i*M    COO   odd 

12   Ofdari  ixtid*r  i  1  0     add  1 1  SO    Nt  ^atidanis  odd  7"\  las 


172     73 Magazine  •  April,  1982 


i 


TOP  QUALITY  PARTS  FOR  LESS 


M.O.H.O. 


(Sensational  New  Hold  Device  For  Your  Phone) 

A  Digital  Research  Exclusive,  This  handy  item  allows 
your  home  phone  the  HOLD  option,  formerly  available  only 
to  the  businessman.  Enjoy  the  convenience  of  placing  calling  party 
on  hold  without  monthly  charges! 


•  Activates  using  the  "  *"  button  on  your  phone. 
•  Pleasant  "Tone"  to  remind  caller  he  is  on  hold, 
•  Unique  4  minute  cutoff  if  calling  party  is  forgotten. 
•  Can  be  used  to  provide  music  for  the  calling  party. 
•  FCC  Approved. 


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Assembled  &  Tested 


MOHO  is  accessible  from  any  phone  in  your  home 


Kit  $29.95 


Complete 


(For  rotary  dial  add  51  50  per  phone) 


POWER  SUPPLY 
TRIPLE  OUTPUT 

25  Volts  @   18A 

5  Volts  @  .8A 

15  Volts  @  1.25A 

Isolated  independent 
outputs 

Positive  or  negative 
operation 

Constant  Voltage  Regu- 
lation 

25  Volt  tine  adjustable 
with  10  turn  pot  from 
23.5  V  to  28  Volts,  120 
Volt  -  60  Hz  input  Fused  - 
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95 


SOCKETS 

Low  Profile  Solder  Tail 

8  pin  15  100  20  pm  7  1.00 

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16  pin  8/1.00  40  pin  5  1  00 

Buy  $10  Get  $1.00 
FREE  CHOICE 


Precision  Hybrid 
Oscillator  Module 

Has  both  1  MHZ  and  2  MHZ 
TTL  -  outputs  —Hermeti- 
cally sealed  — Ultra  high 
stability  over  wide  temp 
range  —originally  cost  over 
S40.00  each  —  we  made  a 
super  purchase  from  a 
major  computer  manufac- 
turer —  5  Volt  operation  - 
fits  standard  24  pin  socket  - 
Manufactured  by  Motorola 
oscillator  division. 

MC6871A 


MC0B71A 

en*  it  At  e*c 

1  QWm 


3/20 


w/data 


NEO  2137  by  NEC 

•  Microwave  R  F  trans- 
istor (N.PN.) 

•  Micromold  Package 
#37 

•  Dual  Emitter  leads 

•  FT  to  4.5  GHZ 

•  VCEO  10V-CC  20 
MA.      HFE     40-200 

•  Gain  10V-20MA- 
1GHZ  =  14DB  Typical 

•  Very  low  noise  -  High 
gain  1  5  DB  @500 
MHZ 

•  Cleared  for  high  reli- 
ability space  appli- 
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COMPARE  I50 


2N6058 

12  AMP  Darlington  NPN 

VCEO  -  80 VDC 

IC  -  12  ADC 

HFE-3500  (TypJ  (o)5,0ADC 

TO-3  Case 

1.35  ea.     3/3-50 


Variable 
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30-40  uh 
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Huh  to  20  uh     ■•' 
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85  uh-  .95  uh 


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NEC#4981-7E 

Microwave  -  Schottky 

barrier  diode 


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5082-2835 


•  It 


c  or  6/500 


UNIVERSAL 
TIMER  KIT 

*  Adjustable  from  1  sec 
to  1  hr. 

*  Control  up  to  1  amp 
"Turn  Things  On  Or  Oft' 
Kit  includes  alt  parts 
necessary  to  build  this 
exciting  kit  Uses  Children's 
T  v  programs  -  Darkroom 
exposures  -  Amateur  10  mm 

I  D  er  -  Egg  Timer  -  Inter- 
mittent Windshield  Wiper 
Absolutely  endless  uses. 
Complete  kit  including 
power  supply,  p  c  board 
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ORDER  YOUR 


TERMS:  Add  $1  postage,  we  pay  balance.  Orders  under 
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Digital  Research:  Parts 

P.O.  Box  401247  •  Garland,  Ttxai  75040 


(214)  271-2461 


?3Magazine  •  April,  1982     173 


52  SPECIALISTS  ■  CUSHCRAFT  -  DftAKC  •  HRM  K€V  *  HUSTUfl  •  HV-GftIN  •  ICOM  •  KflNTRONICS  ■ 


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MODEL  PT*2...For  transceiver  use.  Continuously 
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174    73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


o 

i 


utjc 
MINI  STEREO 
FM  RECEIVER 

WITH  HEADPHONES 

trot  Joggers,  Cyclists, 
and  Skaterst 


FEATURES:  Lightweight  headphones.  Left; right 
balance  control;  Full  Fidelity  stereo  sound.  Addi- 
tional black  soft  carrying  case  &  shoulder  strap,  Belt 
clip  (hands  free).  Operates  on  3  A  A  cell  batteries  (not 
Incl.).  Compact  size:  3V  *  4%''  x  1".  Wt.  6  oz. 

Model  1810  List  Price  $89.95 $29.95 


MICROPROCESSOR  COMPONENTS 


SPEAKERS 


1        3-6 

part#A0201  1.25  .99 

Round  —  8  Ohm 
.25  Watt  (4M  Leads) 
Size:  2%"  *  %*' 


2%' 


1        2-fi 

Parr*  SF  25016     1.39  1.25 
2V*'1  Square  —  16  Ohm 

25  Watt  (4  mount,  holes) 

Large  Ceramic  Magnet 

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&  National  Semiconductor 

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EPROM  Erasing  Lamp 


is.: 


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*  Built-in  safaty  Lock  to  prevent  UV  exposure, 

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JE215  Adjustable 
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Genera)  Description:  The  JE215  is  a  Dual  Power 
Supply  with  irdependentadjustableposrtiiVBind  nega- 
tive output  vol  la  yes..  A  separate  adjustment  fur  each 
of  the  supplies  provides  the  user  unlimited  applications 
for  IC  current  woltaga  requirements.  The  supply  can 
also  be  used  as  a  general  all-purpose  variable  power 

SWPfly-  FEATURES: 

•  Adjustable  reguiaied  power  jupplles, 

pas,    and   tnag.    1.2VDC  tP   15VDC, 
-  *  Pov^er  Ontpyt  (e«h  supply): 

5VDC^  500mA,  10V  DC  #  750mA, 
I2VDC@  500mA,  ano 
15VDCE>  175mA. 
■  Two,    3-tarm|nol    adj.    IC    regulators 
with:   in  arm  a  I   overload   protection. 

•  Heat  sink  regulator  cooling 

•  LED  "on"  indicator 

•  Printed  Board  Construction 

•  120VAC  Jnpui 

•  Sit*.  3-1/r'w  *  &.1/l*S"L  *  rjH 

JE2ta  Adj.  Dual  Power  Supply  Kit  (95  shown  J .  .  $24.95 


1  Pic  iu  re  not  shown  but  similar  in  construction  to  a  own} 
JE200Rag.  Power  SuppJy  Kit  <5VOCr  1  amp}  -  -  $14-95 
JE  205  Adapter  Brd.  (to  JE200)  iS^9  &  ±12V.  $12.95 
J£  2 1 0  V&.  P wt .  Sply.  K  it.  5  1 5V  DCr  to  1 .  5amp ,    S>  1 9.95 


BORQA/flOBOA  SUPPORT  DEVICES - 

fltS.I      H-.|.iLl|^Ou|P,l| 

Prlo'lLv  InltfTupl  Control 
Bl-pirccltnn^l  Bits  OrkAr 
C|rjc»i  Lj*nrr*[iiir/Df  \v*r 
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System  Ct>n(ro Hnr/Bui  Urlv^r 

I/O  EKpjitde-r  1cir  43-  Series 
rtivncnrun'i-ou*  toflim.  EknrtM 
Ptd*.  Comm.  I/O  4USAHT] 
Pfflfl.  Il*rtr>*<  Tirajj 
Ptd».  PerlorUTa!  I/O  (J>PlJ 
Prog.  DMA  C-(?n<rol 

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Octal  L. a- cned  Per iphcil  ."I.  iy(ir 
Ctii1  Latched  *»riciM!'fli  Orivar 

6BOO/6R00  SUPPORT  DEVICES  — 

MPU  wlln  Cloc*  *nq:  HAM 
]2£kH  Static  RAM 
F>ripnCT3h  inter.  Aflaot  |IWtHM|t 
Pviorl^y  !r,i;#:rTuot  Contrnlhir 
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AlvrKhTDTIPU'L  Comrp.   Aa#pl«l' 

Syn^hrcinoM^  S*rl#l  O^td  Adiftler 

Matefri  CHflJUl  MODEM 

34X4  pi  \1  s^Ju  into  r 

Qu4d  j--5titt  Bui.  Tra  nx.  1  r^ClT!fi> 

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ZVHWK\  CPU  fMK3HBr*i      ftMHlk 

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CPP^O?  CPU 

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NSM3SN*  MPU-4-fi(l  [*MHIJ 

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•  NSMTCN  CP'.^— H  Bytes  RAM 

IN-56JTIN.  CPU  wyfiai*C  Were  lritan»ra(*r 

PMR  CPU 

Tf.-'EIBOOJL  MPU— ll-Blt  


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HUMHN  OctJ:  )I!-E3!t  9,95 

HOtV^HHA]  30M-B1C  Dynamic  J.5S 

Z5LBN  M1K3Z-BII  EtallL  2,95 

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A-^lK-lCN  Unhtftrflt  Acilvi  Fllt*ir  f.511  S.95 

AFJ2MCJ  TQ^fh  Tnnft  t,r.'«  D+rtd  FlUiir  ia.% 

AFJJZ'LCJ  Tnuch  Ton*  High  Band  Fjltir  19.95 

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LF1HN  Simple  t  Hctld  Amp-IITI«ri  154 

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□ACOHKLGN  i-B-ll  tvA  CanwflrtHi-  (O.Jim  tlnr]  £,2S 


IWA  2K  UV  Lraubla  PflOIV.  5.9S 

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TMSSM  IS*  EPROM  <«5V,  4|.v.  *1TJ\  *-« 

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27E4D  B4K  £PRDM(llllBt^i   HN4K.h.-i:  *iJ¥5 

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MCMfiBTSQP  iastjK7  AlpM,  C*n,|r(?|  CM*^,  Otn. 

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TELEPHONE/KE  VBOARD  CHIPS 

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A,-'-t-9?D0  H4p«rt4rv   Dl4l*r  UM 

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MMS299QN  PuiA  Button  Pulbs  CiPalBf  7.iS 

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P05       Conliniirjllon 


EECO  BocKer  DIP  Switch  —  "Mini-DlprhT  2400  Series 

THE  WOST  UNIQUE  DIP  SWITCH  AVAILABLE! 

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Se*kei  r-    i  Pari  Ho.        fas.    ZGntiguralwn    S&tka:  Frloa 


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See  list  of  Advertisers  on  page  130 


73 Magazine  •  April,  1982     175 


m 


Why  use  their  flexible  discs: 

Athana.  BASF,  Control  Data,  Dysan,  IBM,  Maxell,  Nashua, 
Scotch,  Shugart,  Syncom,  3M,  Verbatim  or  Wabash 

when  you  could  be  using 


high  quality  error  free  discs? 


Product  Description 

8"  SSSD  IBM  Compatible  (128  B/Sr  26  Sectors) 

8"  SSSD  Shugart  Compatible,  32  Hard  Sector 

8"  SSDD  IBM  Compatible  (128  B/S,  26  Sectors) 

8"  DSDD  Soft  Sector  (Unformatted) 

8"  DSDD  Soft  Sector  (128  B/S,  26  Sectors) 

8"  DSDD  Soft  Sector  (1024  B/S,  8  Sectors) 

8"  DSDD  Burroughs  Br80  Comp,  32  Hard  Sector 

5%"  SSSD  Soft  Sector  (Unformatted) 

5W  SSDD  Soft  Sector  w/Hub  Ring 

51/4"  SSDD  10  Hard  Sector  w/Hub  Ring 

51/4"  SSDD  16  Hard  Sector  w/Hub  Ring 

5W  DSDD  Soft  Sector  w/Hub  Ring 

51/4"  DSDD  10  Hard  Sector  w/Hub  Ring 

5W  DSDD  16  Hard  Sector  w/Hub  Ring 

SSSD  =  Single  Sided  Singh  Density:  SSDD  =  Single  Sided  Double  Density 
DSDD  =  Double  Sided  Double  Density 

Memo  rex  Flexible  Discs. ..The  Ultimate  in  Memory  Excellence 


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Memorex  means  quality  products  thai  you  can  depend 
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100  Percent  Error  Free 

Each  and  every  Memorex  Flexible  Disc  n certified  to  be 
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of  excellence  They  test  signal  amplitude,  resolution, 
fovrpass  modulation,  overwrite,  missing  pulse  error 
and  extra  putse  error  They  are  torque-tested,  and 
compehtiveiy  tested  on  drives  available  from  almost 
every  major  drive  manufacturer  in  the  industry  includ- 
ing drives  thai  Memorex  manufacturers.  Rigid  Quality 
audits  are  OuHt  into  every  step  of  the  manmanutactunng 
process  and  stringent  testing  result  in  a  standard  of 
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Customer-Oriented  Packaging 
Memorex'5  commitment  to  excellent  does  not  slop 
with  a  quality  product.  They  are  proud  of  their  flexible 
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storage,  Both  box  labels  and  jacket  labels  provide  full 
information  on  compatibility,  density,  sectoring,  and 
record  length.  Envelopes  with  mull i  language  care  and 
handling  instruct  ions  and  and  color-coded  removable 
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Full  One  Year  Warranty—  You  r  Assurance  of  Quality 
Memo  rex  Flexible  Discs  will  be  replaced  free  ol  charge 
by  Memorex  if  they  are  found  to  be  defective  In  materials 
or  workmanship  within  one  year  ol  the  date  of  purchase. 
Other  than  replacement,  Memorex  will  not  be  respon- 
sible for  any  damages  or  losses  (including  consequential 
damages!  caused  by  the  use  ol  Memorex  Flexible 
Discs 


Quantity  Discounts  Available 
Memorex  Flexible  Discs  are  packed  10  discs  to  a 
canon  and  10  cartons  to  a  case.  Please  order  only  in 
increments  of  100  units  for  quantity  100  pricing.  We 
are  also  willing  to  accommodate  your  smaller  orders. 
Quantities  less  than  100  units  are  available  in  incre- 
ments of  10  units  at  a  10%  surcharge,  Quantity 
discounts  are  also  available  Order  500  or  more  discs 
at  the  same  time  and  deduct  1%;  1,000  or  more  saves 
you  ?%;  2,000  or  more  saves  you  3%;  5  f0OG  or  more 
saves  you 4%;  1 0.000  or  more  saves  you  5%;  2  5  000  or 
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1 00,000  or  more  discs  earns  you  an  &%  discount  off  our 
Super  low  quantity  100  price-  Almost  all  Memorex 
Flexible  Discs  are  immediately  available  from  CE  Our 
warehouse  facilities  are  equipped  to  help  us  get  you 
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tension 0997.  Outside  the  USA  dial 406-987-0997 

Buy  with  Confidence 

To  get  the  tastes!  delivery  tram  CE  of  your  Memorex  Flexible 
Discs,  send  or  phone  your  order  cfeeclfy  to  our  Computer 
Products  Division  Be  sure  i  o  calculate  your  price  using  rhe  C  E 
prices  in  this  ad.  Michigan  residents  please  add  4%  sales  tax 
Wrirten  purchase  orders  am  Accepted  Iforn  approved  govern- 
ment agencies  and  molt  well  rated  firms  at  a  30%  surcharge 
for  net  30  billing,.  All  sates  arc  subject  to avaiia nil iiy.  acceptance 
and  verification.  All  solos  are  final.  Prices,  terms  and  speci- 
fications are  subject  to  change  without  notice.  Out  of  stock 
items  will  be  placed  on  bac  Ik  order  automatically  unless  CE  is 
instructed  differently  Minimum  order  $50.00.  International 
orde  rs  are  invited  w  1 1  h  a  £20.00  surcho  rge.  t  or  speci  a  I  h  a  nd  I  i  n  i;i 
in  addition  lo  shipping  charges.  All  shipments  are  F.O  B  Ann 
Arbor,  Michigan.  No  GGD'tt  plague  NO  ^certified  and  Foreign 
checks  require  hank  clearance 

Mail  ciders  to  Communications  Electronics.  Box  1002. 
Ann  Arbor.  Michigan  4EHQ&  USA  Add  S3. 00  per  case  or 
partial-case  of  100  8-lncti  discs  or  S&.00  par  case  or  partial 
case  of  1 00  S  %  -inch  m  in<-  disc«  lor  J  P  S .  y  round  art  ippj  n  g  a  n  d 
handling!  nine  continent  Hi  US,  A.  It  you  have  a  MasterCard  pr 
Visa  card,  you  may  call  anytime  and  place  a  credit  card  order 
Order  toll-free  in  ih«  US  Call  anytime  800-521-4-114  II  you 
It  you  are  outside  the  US  or  m  Michigan  dial  313-99>4-4444 
Order  your  hjgt»  quality,  error  tiee  Memote*  discs  today 

Copyright  '  19&2  Communication*  Electronics- 


Part# 

3062 
3015 
3090 
3102 
3115 
3104 
3092 
3401 
3481 
3483 
3485 


3493 
3495 


CE  quant. 

100  price 
per  disc  ($) 

2.09 
2.09 
2.74 
3.14 
3.34 
3.34 
3.34 
1.94 
2.34 
2.34 
2.34 
3.09 
3.09 
3.09 


High  Quality 
Error  Free 


■  Mil 


Order  Toll-I 

(800)521-4414 

In  Michigan  J3T3)  994^4444 


For  Data  Reliability — Memorex  Flexible  Discs 


tw 


COMMUNICATIONS 
ELECTRONICS" 


^377 


Computer  Products  Division 

S54  PhoeniK  3  Bon  1 002  □  Ann  Arbor.  Michigan  48 1 06  U  S  A 
Call  TOLL  FREE  (BOO)  521 4414  or  outiida  U.S.A.  (313,  904  4444 


176     73  Magazine  •  April,  1982 


PROPAGATION 


J.  H.  Nelson 
4  Plymouth  Dr 
Whittng  NJ  08759 


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2IA 


21 


WESTERN    UNITED    STATES    TO 


First  letter  =  day  waves  Second  -  night  waves 
A  =  Next  higher  frequency  may  also  be  useful 
B  =  Difficult  circuit  this  period  F  =  Fair  G  -  Good 
P   =   Poor  *    =   Chance  of  solar  flares;  ft   -    of  aurora 


^^^™ 


DIRECTORY 


Phoenix  AZ 


Somerset  NJ 


The  Southwell's  i  in  w)  j  tnipnssive  commurucu-  New  t^ncy^s  anly  factory- mil  lit  triified  IGOM 
tiom  comnanv  Uhh^Jul:  Kki^hkJ,  1mm,  iiiid  VAKSU distributor.  [jirj3ji*iiiwiil*jTjr'rtFnfiw 
Yuesu,  MFJT  BicW  ,  .Vtmn.  I-araen.  Gushcraft,  &n<\  uxxl  s\veciak.  Most  nijijur  brkiucl.  in  slwfc. 
Hy-Gain,  BciiTicat,  arid  mure.  Would  like  to  Compkli  mrvtce  and  f«t'illrif\,  Bsdios 
sunv  m.hj!  Powrr  Communications  Corp..  1640  UnUmilt^  1T60  Easton  Avoiuav  P.O.  Bon  M~r 
Wc&t'Camdhvk  Hd-.  ?bwmx  AZ  850 15.  Somrnrt  NJ  08873:  46MS8S. 
241-Uatt. 


Philadelphia  PA 
Camoen  \J 


Culver  C%  CA 

jun\  Ekrtronki,  39 1 9  Srpuhcdi  Blvd. ,  Cuhw  Wa%^£uk^  &  Coarisl  Micnm -m*v  Components 
rJnCA9Q2^13y^W03,Tr*dB46^I886S«i&  Equi(M™nt.  Lahotrnto^  Cr^t  Tert  In- 
Lhefjo.  Call  usKxi  km  quote.  vtruments.  Power  Supplier,  &u> .  Sdl  Ac  Trade 

all  popular  makis— HP.  CB,  FXfl.  ESI.  Sonen- 

sen  Si&HV,  <tc.  Lertrtmie  fu^iardi  Lab*,  1423 
Fcm  Am,  Camden  NJ  06104,  541-1200. 


Fontana  CA 

Complete  lines  ICOM,  DKiTrrm,  Ten-Tec, 
Vfir^ge.  Ciihtc.  I.unar4  ivver  4000  electronic 
products  for  hobbyist.  Irchnician.  open- 
menter.  Alsu  CB  ractki,  laiulmnbile.  F on  tana 
Electronics.  SS2h  Sierra  Ave.,  Fontana  CA 
92335,  S22-7710. 


San  Diego  CA 


Amsterdam  NY 

UPSTATE  NEW  YORK 

Kanwuntf,  LCQAA,  OnJm  pluf  pg  otfaa 
Sun-%,  Amateur  Dealer  for  over  35  yearx,  Adiron- 
dack Radifi  SujipK'.  Inc. ,  185  \\\?*l  Main  Street. 
Amsterdam  S\  I20lOy  $42-8350. 


We  buy  and  st?ll  Surplus  Army  Na\y  Eltsc- 

tronic*  alsn  Ternjiitnlcd  Miiterial,  What  do  you 

ujjtil  to  sell?  Write  I    i  ratalngue.  Electronic-  J,      S3Pn^ 

knvTi,  Inc.,  440-71}!  Avema-,  PC  B<jx  2048,  San     ' JJ  '  «\Swm,  DcnTrcm,  AjphN  Nobol.  MFJ, 


Syracuse- Rome- Utiea  NY 

Kenwood.  Vaseu,    [CUM.    Dralte, 


Dfego  CA  021 12,  232-0370. 


San  Jose  CA 
SAN  FRANCISCO  BAY  AREA 


Tempo,  Astron,  KLM,  Hy  Gainh  Mosley,  l^ar- 
*en,  Cushcraftp  Hastier,  Mind  Products.  You 
WOCi'l  It  disappuifitvd  wjih  efpiipmenfiovicc. 
Hjtdio  World,  Oneida  Counts  Airpurl'Termi- 
n*I  ftnMin&  Oriskany  NT  134^4,  33741203, 


Columbus  OH 


Hamebrewen'  lui\tm,   tons  of  new  and  used 

Hanf  Computer  «ar  and  components.  Serving 

Haras  since   19^.   We  specialize  in  ICOM,  The  H&ot  and  be?*  Hani  Steer  in  the  midV^t 

KLM.  Mirw,  Cornp*rwui.  We  ship  worid^  (catunni:  quality  Kenwood  products  with 

wide.    Tele-Com   Elect  ronicit,    15460   Union  uoHdng  displays     We   sell   only    the   beaL 


A%enue.  San  J«  CA  9S124,  377-4475. 


San  Jose  CA 

Bay  area's  newst  Amateur  Bacbu  store.  New  Ac 
used  Amateur  Hadio  tales  &  ten  ice.  We  feature 
Kenwood,   ICOM,   Azden,   Yaesu,   Ten-Tec, 


Authorized  Kenwood  Service.  L'nivenal 
Amateur  Radio  Inc.,  12§0  Aida  Dr.,  Rc^TwIcb- 
b«rf  iC:(»litrnbu>!  OH 


SaMllte  T\ 


Bend  OR 

Knoun  brands 


t  jill  tudav  for 


Santw  &  .  ihaver  Hadio.  Inc.,  137S  mu«  ^""ggffiSiJSS?^  *l™ ^  %££r 

So.  BascomAw.,  San  h>»c  CA  ^125. 998-1 103,  P«>tfr*ni-    WESPtitCOM,    P.O.    Boi    722b, 
^  «.*    yrm^.iHiiiji.Pc^^wiio,!!^^!!^  fcnd  OR  1)7708.  35WW96. 


Smyrna  GA  Scranton  PA 

For  j-our  Kenwood  Yac*ur  ICOM,  DraJce  and  rCOM,    bird,    CushCrflft,    Bwkmun. 


other  amateur  need*.,  come  to  see  us.  Brilf,* 
Two-Wav  Radio,  250b  N,  Atlanta  Rd.,  Smvrna 
CA300W,  432-MNHi 


Fluke, 

Artruli, 


Preston  ID 

Ross  WTJ7BYZ,  has  the  Lar^st  Stock  of  Ama- 
teur  Cear  in  the  Intrrmountain  West  and  the 
Best  Prices.  Call  me  for  all  your  ham  needs. 
H«»v^    Di>trihutmc    If    Vi      Mj!f-,    PhAB!    ll> 


Terre  Haute  IN 

Vour  ham  headquarteii  located  in  the  heart  of 
the  midwait.  Hoarier  Electronics  Inc.,  #9 
Meadows  Center.  P.O.  Box  3300,  Terre  Haute 
l\47S0a3.23?M456, 


Lliim'il,  Mustier,  Ajnleimii  Si^t'liilisK 
Avunii.  Mden.  W2AL1'W2VS.  CDE,  AEA, 
Vlbroi-ilra,  Ham-Kevr  CES.  Ani|jh<.'»ol.  Son  v. 
ha ni mv Courier,  B&W.  Ameco,  Shun.'  ijiRue 
Electronics,  I1L2  Craiuhiew  Sl„  Scnuilun  PA 
J§500,  343-2121. 


San  Antonio  TX 

Amateur,  Commercial  2-iay.  SeUircg  Antenna 
'  ists,  A^'anti,  Azden,  Bird,  H\  c^in,  Stan- 
dard. Vihropkx.  Vfidland.  Henrx.  CijihCralt 
DieJectnc.  Hustkr,  1CONC  Mr7,  \ye,  Sbure, 
Cubic,  Tempo.  Ten-Tec  and  irthm  Appliance 
A:  rxjuipment  Co..  Inc.  2317  Vanw  Jackson 
Road,  San  .Antonio  TX  78213.  93S-3350. 


Littleton  MA 


Vienna  VA 

The  Waslnneton  metiopolitan  nrva\  ttsdrag 
supplier  of  the  latest  in  Amateur  lladim  and  Test 
Ken-  Etiuipment.  On  your  iivxt  trip  to  the  Nation  * 


Hi 


Tfie  liain  store  of  N.E,  vou  can  ntlv  on 

wood,  ICOM,  Wilson,  V.if  n.  Dent ron,  KLM  Capital,  *tu£  by  and  see^:  Elix-lmnic  Eipjip- 

aiujw.  liicW  switches  fie  wutt meters.  Whistler 

radiar  detectors,  Beuruut,  Reujcncv1,  antenna1!  hv 

Urbcnp   Wilson,    Hustler,   CAM.  TEL-COM 

Inc.  Communications  fit  Electronics.  675  Great 

Hd.,  Ru  119.  LitlleUin  VIA  Ul4b0,  4&6-3040. 


tl       12      13      14      15 

F/F  F/F  G/G         G/G         G/G 


Ann  Arbor  MI 

See  us  for  products  like  Ten- Tec,  R.  L.  Drake, 
Dentron  and  manv  niorr.  Open  Monday 
thifmgh  Saturday,  0630  to  1730  WBftVCR. 
WBSCXO,  WTJfiOKV  and  WftRP  behind  thr 
counter.  Purchase  Radio  Supplv,  327  E.  Hoover 
Ave..  Ann  Arhoi  Ml  45104.  t&M*696. 


18      19      20     21      22 

GAG  G/G         G/G  F/F  F/P 


25     26     27 

G/G  F/F*        F/F* 


Hudson  NH 

Vrw  EngUncft  Distributor «nd  AothcmzedSeT' 
>icr  Ctnter  for  all  Major  Amateur  Lines,  Tufb  Jv( 

^d>M0^^!9S&6J  L"WeU  "^  "^  ^  XH  03458.  ATTS    Sancy 

' *  _L Ciampa. 


ol  Kunk,  Incl,  516  Mill  St.  N.E,,  Vientia  V'A 
22taU  03S-3350. 

DEALERS 

Your  company  name  and  message 
ran  contain  up  to  25  words  for  as  lit- 
tle as  $150  yearly  (prepaid) ^  or  $15 
per  month  (prepaid  quarterly )\  a\7o 
mention  of  mail-order  business  or 
area  code  permitted.  Directory  text 
and  payment  must  reach  us  60  days 
in  advance  of  ptihtication.  For  ex- 
ample, advertising  for  the  June  *S2 
issue  must  be  in  our  hands  by  April 
Mail  to  73  Magazhw.  Peter- 


73  Magazine  *  April,  1982     177 


The  FT-ONE  is  the  culmination  of  an  all-out  design  project  by  Yaesu's  top 
engineering  team.  Working  without  the  usual  cost  constraints,  Yaesu's 
design  group  is  proud  to  unveil  the  instrument  they  "always  wanted  to 
design/'  a  revolutionary  blend  of  computer  and  RF  technology. 


GENERAL  COVERAGE,  ALL  SOLID  STATE 

•  * 

The  FT-ONE  is  a  full*coverage  all-mode  transceiver,  equipped  for 
reception  on  any  frequency  between  150  kHz  and  29,99  MHz,  with 
transmit  coverage  on  all  nine  present  and  proposed  amateur  bands.  In 
countries  where  permitted,  the  FT-ONE  may  be  programmed  to  trans- 
mit throughout  the  1.8-29.99  MHz  range, 

KEYBOARD  FREQUENCY  ENTRY 

Fully  digitally  synthesized ,  the  FT-ONE  uses  a  front  panel  keyboard  for 
initial  frequency  entry.  Frequency  change  is  then  accomplished  ma  the 
main  tuning  dial  or  the  pushbutton  scanner,  with  tuning  in  either  10  Hz 
or  100  Hz  steps  possible.  Truly  the  contester  s  dream,  the  FT-ONE 
permits  extremely  fine  tuning  and  instantaneous  band  change  with 
equal  facility 

DUAL  VFO  SYSTEM 

Ten  digital  VFO's  with  memory  are  provided,  in  conjunction  with  an 
A-B  selection  scheme  that  allows  instant  recall  of  any  transmit, 
receive,  or  transceive  frequency  desired,  For  split-frequency 
operation,  such  as  on  7  MHz  SSB,  the  operator  may  select  TX  on 
VFO-A  and  RX  on  VFO-B,  automatically  storing  the  calling  and 
listening  frequencies  for  each  pile-up.  For  net  operations,  a  non- 
volatile memory  board  is  available  as  an  option,  to  eliminate  the 
possibility  of  dumping  memory. 

FULL  CW  BREAK-IN 

Recent  advances  in  solid-state  technology  have  finally  made  full  CW 
break-in  reliable  enough  to  be  incorporated  into  a  Yaesu  product.  Now 
you  can  select  traditional  semi-break-in  (for  use  with  amplifiers  not 
equipped  for  full  break-in)  or  full  high-speed  break-in.  When  using 
amplifiers  so  equipped,  the  keyer  output  lead  may  be  interrupted  via  a 
rear  panel  jack  and  routed  to  the  break-in  sequencing  input  on  your 
amplifier, 

SWITCHING  REGULATOR  POWER  SUPPLY 

Extremely  compact  and  light  in  weight,  the  switching  regulator  power 
supply  reduces  substantially  the  space  required  to  produce  the 
operating  voltages  used  in  the  FT-ONE.  Highly  efficient  and  uniquely 
stable,  the  switching  regulator  supply  provides  superb  reliability  in  a 
field  of  design  long  neglected  by  amateur  manufacturers, 

ELITE  CLASS  PERFORMANCE  FEATURES 

In  addition  to  the  full  break-in  and  superb  receiver  filters.  Yaesu  s 
design  team  packed  the  FT-ONE  with  subtle  virtues  that  others  might 
have  overlooked,  Rear  panel  jacks  allow  the  use  of  both  an  external 
receiver  and  an  independent  receive  antenna,  such  as  a  160  meter 
Beverage.  While  scanning,  automatic  halting  on  a  received  signal  may 
be  programmed. . ,  perfect  for  watching  a  band  for  openings.  If  you  re 
a  DX-pedJtJoner  an  optional  Curtis  8044  keyer  board  is  available,  so 
you  won't  need  an  external  keyer  that  only  wastes  suitcase  space.  And 
it  your  amplifier  fan  i$  louder  than  it  should  be,  there's  even  a  micro- 
phone squelch  (AMGC)  to  reduce  background  noise  pickup  between 
words  and  sentences! 


ONE  YEAR  FACTORY  WARRANTY 

Because  of  the  level  of  attention  to  design  detail,  parts  selection,  and 
factory  quality  control,  your  FT-QNE  is  backed  by  a  one-year  factory 
warranty  tor  the  original  purchaser  at  retail  Prompt  and  meticulous 
attention  to  your  warranty  needs  will  be  provided  by  our  Ohio  And 
California  Service  Centers.  In  addition,  all  units  sold  in  the  United 
States  will  be  inspected  and  tested  after  clearing  Customs,  and  wilt 
include  a  Service  Manual  in  the  puchase  price. 

GAIN/INTERCEPT  OPTIMIZED  RECEIVER 
FRONT  END 

Utilizing  up-conversion  with  a  first  IF  of  73  MHz,  the  FT-ONE  RF 
amplifier  stage  uses  push-pull  power  transistors  configured  to  pro- 
duce a  typical  output  intercept  of  +40  dBm,  The  first  mixer  utilizes  a 
diode  ring  module  followed  by  a  low  noise  post  amp,  for  optimum 
noise  figure  consistent  with  modem  day  intercept  requirements  The 
result  is  a  receiver  with  a  typical  two-tone  dynamic  range  well  in 
excess  of  95  dB  {14  MHz,  CW  bandwidth).  Additional  gain  tailoring  is 
provided  via  a  PIN  diode  attenuator  controlled  from  the  front  panel. 

FILTERS  READY  FOR  COMPETITION 

Three  filter  bandwidths  are  available  for  CW  operation  (two  for  FSKI), 
using  optional  600  Hz  or  300  Hz  crystal  filters.  Filter  insertion  losses 
are  equalized  for  constant  IF  gain.  Both  IF  Shift  and  Variable  Band- 
width are  provided,  and  two  CW  filters  may  be  cascaded-  for 
competition-grade  selectivity.  For  SSB  work,  the  Variable  Bandwidth 
feature  eliminates  the  need  for  costly  1 .5  kHz  or  1 .8  kHz  filters,  as  any 
intermediate  bandwidth  may  easily  be  programmed  using  the 
standard,  cascaded  SSB  filters.  To  top  it  alt  off,  a  high-performance 
audio  peak  and  notch  filter  is  standard  equipment. 

EXPANDED  OPERATING  DISPLAYS 

Digital  displays  for  the  VFO  Frequency,  memory  channel,  and  RtT 
offset  are  provided  for  quick  frequency  identification.  The  large  front 
panel  meter  provides  easy  viewing  of  transceiver  operating  para- 
meters, including  final  tfansistor  collector  current  input  DC  voltage. 
FM  discriminator  center  tuning,  speech  processor  compression  level, 
and  forward/reflected  relative  power, 


NOT  AVAILABLE  AS  OPTIONS 

It's  hard  to  believe  that  other  manufacturers  still  insist  on  making  such 
essential  items  as  a  noise  blanker  or  speech  processor  extra-cost 
options.  We  find  that  these  are  less  expensive  to  incorporate  and  more 
reliable  in  operation  when  installed  on  our  assembly  line.  No  AC  power 
supply  is  available  as  an  option  for  the  FT-ONE,  either,  tfs  equipped 
tor  operation  from  100/1 10/1 1 7/200/220/234  vote  AC.or  13.5  volts 
DC.  And  it  goes  without  saying  that  there  will  not  be  an  external  VFO 
offered  for  the  FT-ONE  —  we1  re  confident  that  ten  VFO's  are  quite 
enough ! 


Experience  the  FT-ONE  in  your  Authorized  Yaesu  Dealer's  showroom  today. 
This  may  be  the  last  Amateur  transceiver  you  will  ever  own.     ^ 


Warranty  policy  available  upon  request.  SASE,  please. 


Specifications  subject  to  change  without  notice  or  obligation 


YAiiu 


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YAESU  ELECTRONICS  CORPORATION,  685!  Walthall  Way  J Paramount^  CA  90723  •  t213)63^™ 

Eastern  Service  Ctr.,  9812  Princeton-Glendale  Rd.,  Cincinnati,  OH  45246  •  (513)  874-310 


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Processor,  IF  shift,  N/W  switch,  affordable 


An  incredibly  compact,  full -featured, 
reasonably  priced,  ail  solid-state  HF 
SSB/CW  transceiver  for  both  mobile  and 
fixed  operation.  It  covers  3.5  to  29.7  MHz 
(including  the  three  new  Amateur  bands) 
and  features  digital  display,  IF  shift, 
speech  processor,  and  narrow/ wide  Miter 
selection  on  both  SSB  and  CW, 

TS  130SB  FEATURES: 

80*10  meters,  including  three  new  bands 

Covers  all  Amateur  bands  from  3*5  to  29.7 
MHz.  including  the  new  10, 18,  and  24-MHz 
bands  Receives  WWV  on  10  MHz.  VFO 
covers  more  than  50  kHz  above  and  below 
each  500 -kHz  band. 
Two  power  versions,., easy  operation 
TS-130SE  runs  200  W  PEP/160  W  DC  on 
80-15  meters,  and  160  W  PEP"  140  W  DC  on 
12  and  10  meters.  TS-130V  runs  25  W 
PEP/20  W  DC  input  on  all  bands.  Solid- 
state,  wideband  final  amplifier  eliminates 
transmitter  tuning;  receiver  wideband  RF 
amplifiers  eliminate  preselector  peaking. 

*  Digital  display  built-in 

Six-digit  green  fluorescent  tube  display 
indicates  operating  frequency  to  100  Hz. 
external  VFO  or  fixed-channel  frequency, 
R1T  shift*  and  CW  transm it-receive  shifts. 
Analog  subdial  back-up. 

•  Built-in  Speech  Processor 
Increases  audio  punch  and  average  SSB 
output  power. 


■  IF  shift  circuit 
Very  effective  in  eliminating  interfering 
signals,  by  placing  them  outside  the  IF 

passband. 

CW  narrow/wide  selection 

*N-W*  switch  allows  selection  of  wide 
or  narrow  bandwidths.  Wide  CW  and  SSB 
.  bandwidths  are  the  same.  Optional  YK-88C 
(500  Hz)  or  YK-88CN  (270  Hz)  Biter  may  be 
Installed  for  narrow  CW. 

SSB  narrow  selection 
"N-W  switch  allows  selection  of  narrow 
SSB  bandwidth  to  eliminate  QRM.  when 
optional  YK-88SN  (1.8  kHz)  filter  Is  installed. 
(CW  filter  may  still  be  selected  in  CW  mode.) 

*  Sideband  mode  selected  automatically 

LSB  on  40  meters  and  below;  USB  on  30 
meters  and  above,  SSB  REVERSE  position 
on  MODE  switch. 

RF  Attenuator,  built-in 

Allows  optimum  rejection  of  IM  distortion. 

Single  conversion  PLL  system 

Provides  improved  stability  and  spurious 
characte  rtsties  * 

Protection  circuit  for  final  amplifier, 

For  maximum  reliability,  the  final  amplifier 
Is  protected  bv  circuitry  that  monitors 
VSWR  and  temperature,  JTS-130V,  VSWR 
only.)  Output  power  is  reduced  when 
abnormal  operating  conditions  occur.  If 
especially  severe  operation  is  anticipated, 
optional  cooling  fan,  model  FA-4,  may  be 
added.  Model  TS-130S,  with  FA^l 
installed,  is  also  available. 


*  Effective  noise 

Eliminates  pulse-type  noise. 

Compact  and  lightweight 

Only  3-3  4  H  x  912  W  x  11-9/16  D  (Inches!; 

weight  12.3  lbs. 

Other  important  features  Include: 

VOX  for  SSB.  CW  semi  break-In  with 

sidetone.  one  fixed  channel,  and  25  kHz 

marker* 


Optional  DFC-230  Digital  Frequency 
Controller 

Allows  frequency  control  in  20-Hz  steps 
with  UP/DOWN  microphone  (supplied 
with  DFC-230).  Includes  four  memories 
(handy  for  split-frequency  operation) 
and  digital  display.  Covers  100  kHz 
above  and  below'each  5004tHz  band. 
Very  compact, 


More  information  on  the  TS-130  Series  is 
available  from  all  authorized  dealers  of 

Trio-Kenwood  Communications 
11U  West  Walnut  Street 
Compton,  California  90220. 


KENWOOD 


Matching  accessories  for 
PS- 30  base  station  power  * 

supply  iremotelv  swttchablc  ' 

ON  or  OFF  wUhTS-130SE  « 

power  switch]. 

Other  accessaries 
FA-4  fan  unit  forTS-130SE 
YK-88C  (500  Hal  and 
YK-88CN  (270  HzJ  CW  filters  * 

YK-83SN  (1.8  kHzl  narrow  SSB  filter  * 
AT-130  compact  antenna  tuner  {60-10  * 
meters,  including  3  new  bands) 
MBiOO  mobile  mounting  brackets  * 
KPS-21  base  station  power  supply  * 
(also  for  TS-130SEI  t 

TL-922A  linear  amplifier 


station  operation: 
SP-120  external  speaker 
VFO-120  remote  VFO 
MC-50  50kG/500Q  desk 
microphone 

not  shown: 

PS-20  base-station  power 
supply  for  TS-130V 
PC-1  phone  patch 
HC-10  world  digital  clock 
MC-305  and  MC-35S  noise 
cancelling  hand  microphones 
MC-60  deluxe  desk  microphone 
SP-40  compact  mobile  speaker 
HS-4.  HS  5,  and  HS-6 
headphones 


in  amateur  radio 


Specifications  and  prices  are  stibtect  to  change  without  notice  or  obligation