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July  1982  $2.95 
Issue  #262 


I 


Salute  to  CW! 

8  Articles 


Positive  Ions: 
Invisible  Menace? 

Page  52 


Field  Day  Afloat 

Page  12 


'74470' 


jt.RO 

L^ 

1       07 

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ories/2  scanner  systems 
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A  very  small  package  with  a  25  watt 
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is  no  lightweight  when  it  a)raes  to  features: 

•  5  memories.    Store  your  favorite  fre- 
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•  Memory  back  up  power  supply  option 
holds  memory  when  attached. 


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Here  they  are!  The  latest  editions,  world- 
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4     73Magazine  «  JulyJ9&2 


Log  of  the  Colorado  Queen 

—wet,  wild  Field  Day  fun K3PUR         12 


CB  to  CW? 

—converting  the  Hy-Cain  board 


W1BG 


18 


juf/  82 

MAGAZINE 


Vol  XXII  Na  to 


Electric  Health  via  Negative  Ions 

—  combatting  an  invisible  menace 

W(JOCX         52 


«  !  I 


The  Very,  Very  Best  CW  Filter? 

—  costs  under  ten  bucks 

WB4TYU   AC5G  56 


The  True-Blue  Keyer 

—  its  speed  readout  doesn't  lie 


L  1.  I  I  I  -I  I 


I  I  I 


W3BYM 


60 


Hands  Across  the  Water 

— CW  lives  on  historic  Cape  Cod 


KA1D 


38 


A  Three-piece  CPO 

—  battery  not  included WB5WAF         46 


Coherent  CW  for  VHF 

-will  it  work?  .  W3QVC.  VE3DPB  48 


Touch-Type  CW 

—  with  your  TRS-80 


CW  — The  Air  Force  Way 


1        I         H         k         I 


TVRO:  Georgia  Style 

^one  man's  junk  is 
another  man's  antenna 


K8TT 


Metzler 


N8RK 


64 


72 


96 


Never  Say  Die-6,  Social  Events-72,  RTTY  Loop-BB,  Ham  Help-92,  116,  New  Products-104,  Reader 
Service-114,  Corrections-121,  Fun! -122,  Contests- 124,  DX-126,  Awards- 127,  Letters- 130, 
Review  — 133,  Satellites— 137,  Dealer  Directory  — 162,  Propagation— 162 

Ck^ver  Ptioto  by  F.  Dale  Williams  K3PUR,  Littletori  CO. 


73  Magazine  •  July  J  982     5 


W2NSD/1 

NEVER  SAY  DIE 

editorial  by  Wayne  Green 


DAYTON  82 

ft  isnl  jysl  the  ffea  market 
with  over  5O0  small  enirapre- 
neurs  seiling  out  of  their  trucks, 
campers,  and  cars.  It  isn't  the 
nearly  200  exhibitors  inside  the 
rambling  Wamplers  arena.  It 
isn*t  the  25,000  or  so  hams  and 
their  famines  which  descend 
upon  Dayton  in  April  every  year. 
Pandemonium, 

Whenever  I  hear  atHDut  some 
hamfest  or  a  computer  show 
polHng  20.QO0t  (think  of  what  It 
takes  to  handle  the  crowds  at 
Dayton  and  how  many  people 
this  really  is  ati  in  one  area.  The 
fields  are  packed  with  cars  for  a 
half  mile  or  so  around  the  arena 
area.  The  cavernous  arena  build- 
ings are  packed  with  people.  No 
matter  how  many  there  are  In- 
side, it  seems  as  If  the  flea  mar- 
ket area  outside  Is  still  so  busy 
that  il  is  difficult  to  get  around. 

Dayton  attracts  average 
hams  from  several  nearby 
states,  But  more  than  that,  most 
of  the  real  "movers"  of  the  hob- 
by. ,  Jhe  hams  who  are  doing 
the  building,  the  inventing,  the 
pjoneering,  .  .come  from  every- 
where In  the  country.  These  are 


the  hams  who  make  amateur  ra- 
dio the  incredible  hobby  that  it 
is. 

Other  hamfests  may  have 
technical  sessions,  but  these 
are  attended  by  merely  interest- 
ed amateurs.  At  Dayton,  the  at- 
tendance of  these  tech  sessions 
Is  made  up  of  the  hams  who  are 
domg  things.  Here,  one  gets  to 
say  hello  to  the  top  DXers,  the 
DXpeditioners,  the  siow-scan 
three*dimensional  color  experi- 
menters, the  packet  switching 
fanatics,  and  the  spread-spec- 
trum aficionados. 

While  several  of  the  other 
larger  hamfests  have  gone  to 
rather  great  lengths  to  bring  in 
computer-oriented  exhibitors. 
Dayton  has  maintained  a 
straight  ham  approach  which 
has  kept  this  field  of  ham  activi- 
ty at  a  relatively  low  profile.  Yet 
this  year,  when  we  counted  the 
exhibits,  we  found  that  about 
15%  of  them  were  computer-^ori* 
ented.  This  is  low,  of  coyrse* 
compared  to  the  computer  inter- 
est in  the  ham  world.  Our  most 
recent  survey  of  the  73  reader- 
ship showed  that  the  ownership 
of  microcomputers  is  up  to  39% 


VOLUNTEERS  NEEDED 

How  woufd  you  like  to  be  on  the  "instde"  of  a  major  ama- 
teur radio  contest?  Here's  your  chance* 

WeVre  looking  for  volunteers  to  become  members  ot  the  73 
Magazine  Contest  Committee-  Anyone  with  an  I  nterest  m  con- 
testing and  a  willingness  to  work  hard  is  welcome.  Committee 
members  will  help  with  the  following: 

1,  Contest  rules  and  ethics. 

2.  Forms  and  correspondence. 

3.  Log  checking  and  scoring, 

4,  Filling  out  and  mailing  awards. 

Heading  up  the  Contest  Committee  is  Bifl  KE7C.  Please 
drop  Bill  a  note  (with  BASE)  and  let  him  know  where  you  can 
help.  Write  to  Bill  Gosney  KE7C,  ?3  Contest  Committee,  2665 
North  Busby  Road.  Oak  Harbor  WA  98277, 

We  want  you  on  the  73  Contest  Teamt 


now.  In  another  year  perhaps 
50%  of  the  readers  will  have  mi- 
crocomputers. 

I  tried  to  give  a  talk  during  the 
hamfest,  but  the  meeting 
*'room''  was  so  terribJe  that  I 
gave  up.  The  temperature  was 
well  into  the  sleep  zone  and  the 
noise  was  such  that  someone 
three  feet  away  had  trouble 
hearing  what  was  going  on.  The 
area  was  just  one  part  of  a  huge 
building,  with  deafening  noise 
coming  from  aU  sides.  I  don't 
think  I'll  try  that  agaia  1*11  bet  n 
was  90*  or  more  in  the  room, 
with  only  enough  seats  for 
about  70%  of  those  who  came 
to  hear  me. 

My  talks  are  generally  rather 
low  key.  with  some  time  re- 
quired for  the  humor  to  come 
through,  i  do  speak  about  seri- 
ous things,  but  I  don't  take  many 
of  them  seriously.  And  I  don1  do 
well  when  I  have  to  communi- 
cate by  yelling  at  people. 

111  no  doubt  continue  to  go  to 
Dayton,  but  only  to  say  hello, 
find  out  what's  new;  and  get  to- 
gether with  my  friends  in  the  in- 
dustry. 

HARRY,  WHERE  4 RE  YOU? 

Missing  for  the  first  time  in 
years  at  Dayton  was  the  flushed 
cherubic  face  of  Harry  Dannals, 
I  for  one,  am  sorry  to  see  good 
old  Harry  go.  And  I  have  to  admit 
that  I  was  darned  upset  when  I 
learned  that  the  ARRL  board 
just  plain  outright  dumped  him. 
Now  what  would  it  have  cost 
them  to  be  nice  about  it  and  give 
him  a  President  Emeritus  posi- 
lion? 

Dick  Baldwin,  also  not  visible 
at  Dayton,  seems  to  have  fallen 
in  the  same  black  hole  now  oc- 
cupied by  Harry,  but  at  least 
with  a  face-saving  title  to  make 
it  look  batter.  That's  what  they 
did  with  John  Huntoon  when  the 


power  pofjtics  at  HQ  dumped 
him  a  few  years  ago  Anyone  re- 
member  John? 

You  know,  one  of  the  sur* 
prises  I  got  when  I  went  around 
to  visit  some  weaftlny  hams  back 
in  1960  had  to  do  with  Dick  Bald- 
win. I'd  been  fired  by  CO  as  edi- 
tor and  had  this  crazy  idea  of 
starting  my  own  ham  magazine. 
I  was  hoping  to  find  a  ham  with 
enough  money  to  get  a  new 
magazine  started.  One  chap  I 
visited  said  he  thought  the  idea 
was  a  good  one  but  thai  it  was 
too  dependent  upon  just  one 
person;  me.  He  was  right  about 
that,  of  course.  He  also  men* 
tioned  that  Dick  had  been 
around  with  a  similar  proposi* 
tion  a  few  days  before. 

I  dropped  Dick  a  note  asking  if 
he  might  t>e  interested  In  a  joint 
venture.  He  wrote  back  saying 
no.  Well,  I  went  ahead  without 
any  financing  and  Dick  never 
did.  Oh,  Ft  was  nip  and  tuck  for 
several  years,  particularly  when 
the  ham  business  fell  to  pieces 
after  the  1963  ARRL  proposal  for 
changing  the  licensing  struc- 
ture back  to  the  1930s  form. 
That's  when  we  lost  85%  of  the 
sales  of  ham  gear  in  jusl  one 
year  and  all  of  the  major  manu- 
facturers were  forced  out  of  the 
industry. 

The  ten  years  after  that  of  no 
growth  were  hard  ones  for  me 
and  73.  It  wasn't  until  I  managed 
to  sell  the  idea  of  FM  and  repeat- 
ers that  the  industry  (and  /3) 
turned  around. 

Harry,  who  had  retired  from 
hfs  job  at  Sperry  in  order  to  be 
available  for  the  General  Man- 
ager's position,  may  have  to  un- 
retire.  I  wonder  what  went  wrong 
for  him?  Tm  told  by  the  ARRL  In* 
siders  that  he  performed  the 
most  exhaustive  campaign  for 
the  job  In  history. ,  .at  League 
expense.  Perhaps  it  was  his  bit* 
ter  opposition  to  having  a  wom- 
an on  the  board.  Well,  no  matter 
, , .  Harry  is  well  out  of  the  rat 
race  and  the  demands  of  the 
ARRL  presidency.  I  was  worried 
that  the  even  greater  pressures 
of  being  General  Manager  might 
be  too  much  for  him.  Perhaps  he 
can  relax  now  and  add  at  least 
twenty  years  to  his  life.  This  may 
be  the  best  thing  that  has  hap- 
pened to  Harry  in  years.  .  .in- 
stead of  the  disaster  which  It 
first  appears. 

IKSTANT  LICENSES 

At  long  last  a  solution  to  the 
code  exam  has  been  effected. 
Now  it  is  no  longer  necessary 


6     73Magaime-  •  July,  1982 


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STAFF 


PUeUSHEFUEOITOn 
Wayne  Ofsen  W2NSD>rl 

EXECUTtVE  VJCE  PH 6 Si  DENT 

ASSISTANT  f^ueusHER/EOtron 

J«f t  O^Ttay  WB6BTH 

MANAQING  EDITOR 
John  BiimQU 

ASST  MANAGINd  EDITOR 
Susan  FhilbNc^li 

EOrrORlAL  ASSISTANTS 
Nancy  MayO 

S(e««  JewMI 

TECHNICAL  EOrrOR 
Tim  0«nt«l  H8RK 

AiSiSTANT 

TO  THE  PRESIDENT 

MatrhDW  SmJiti  KAIiEl 

ASSOCIATES 

Robpfl  Bakijr  WB2CFE 

John  Edwards  KI2U 

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Chod  W*jris  VR2ML 

Df  Mofc  Iflavev  WA^A^R 

J.  H  Itelton 

B4II  P»ternah  WAfilTF 

Pelei  Smrk  K20AW 


pROoucTiON  manager; 

PUaLlCATIONS 
Nancy  SalttKin 

ASST  PflOOUCTlON 

M  A  N  AG  ER/Py  B  LLC  AT  IONS 

M(C!I«I  Murphy 

ADVEHTfStNG  GRAPHICS 

MANAGERS 

Sl94«6aid>iivm 

Bruce  HeHjin 

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kene  Vail 
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PW0TO<5PAP«¥ 

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Thomai  Vdteneywe 

TVPfsrmwG 

Sara  Beimel i 
Melody  B-Bde1l 

Mario  Barker 

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ADVERTISING 

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Ross  K«nyan  KA1GAV 

CointHia  Taylor 


I 


for  anyone  to  bother  to  learn 
even  one  single  characier  of  Ihe 
Morse  code  to  get  a  ham  li- 
cense. The  solution  to  the  code 
problem  is  so  simple  Tm 
amazed  that  no  one  ever 
though!  of  It  before.  Once  you 
get  the  concept,  you  see  that  we 
no  longer  have  to  argue  about 
the  code* 

At  Dayton  someone  was  sell- 
ing a  cassette  with  the  FCC 
code  test  on  it.  With  today's 
miniature  cassette  recorders  it 
(s  a  snap  to  have  one  In  your 
pocket  and  record  the  tests  as 
they  are  being  given.  Well, 
someone  did  this  and  was  self- 
Ing  the  tapes  at  Dayton.  Once 
you  have  that  all  you  have  to  do 
is  get  someone  to  translate  it  for 
you,  memorize  the  short  text, 
and  present  yourself  for  the  test. 

The  FCC  is  so  underpowered 
these  days  that  they  really  don't 
have  the  personnel  to  devise  a 
lot  of  different  tests.  I'll  bet  that 
at  best  they  have  maybe  two  for 
Morse  code,  if  that  many-  There 
are  no  indications  that  the  Com- 
mission is  going  to  get  more 
money  from  Congress^  so  it  is 
unlikely  that  there  will  be  much 
doing  in  the  way  of  changes. 

So,  by  the  time  you  put  the 
Bash  books  together  wHh  a  cas* 
sette  of  the  code  testi  you  have 
a  ham  license  that  anyone  who 
can  read  and  write  can  get.  No 
more  is  there  a  need  for  that  te* 
Uious  learning  of  the  code.  No 
more  struggling  with  theory  or 
the  rules.  Bash  gives  you  the  an^ 
swers  to  the  written  exam  and 
the  code  cassette  solves  that 
problem. 

Who  wilt  be  the  first  Extra  to 
get  licensed  with  no  ham  knowl- 
edge whatever?  Or  perhaps  I 
should  ask,  who  was  the  first? 

As  a  humorous  side  note:  the 
FCC  recently  was  handed  a 
code  test  exam  which  was 
100%  perfect.  WeH»  perttaps  a/- 
most  perfect.  You  see  the  an- 
swers were  perfect  for  the  other 
lest. . .  not  the  one  given. 


WE  NEED  KIDS 

With  all  due  respect  to  Bash 
and  his  one-day  blitz  cram 
courses,  at  S175  for  one  day  It  is 
unlikely  that  we  are  going  to  get 
many  kids  into  the  hobby  via 
this  mercenary  system. 

Now,  I  have  the  greatest  ad- 
miration (or  Bash  and  his  bid  to 
outdo  Don  Miller  In  making 
money  out  of  amateur  radio.  Vm 
sure  he  will  find  no  shortage  of 
well-to-do  hams  who  want  to  get 
a  higher  license  without  having 


FCC  DELETES  97.71  AND  97.74 

"Unenforceable,  burdensome  and  unnecessary"  is  how  the 
FCC  described  97,74,  a  rule  requiring  amateurs  "to  provide  for 
measuring  the  station's  emitted  carrier  frequency  and  to  es- 
tablish procedures  for  independently  checking  ii  regularly." 
In  their  April  1  meeting,  the  commissioners  voted  to  delete 
97.74  and  97.71,  a  rule  which  required  transmitters  operating 
below  144  MHz  to  have  adequately-filtered  plate  power  sup- 
plies. In  deleting  97.71,  the  Commission  said  **the  rule  itself  is 
inappropriate  and  outmoded/' 


to  team  one  bit  of  theory.  Just 
ten  of  his  weekend  sessions  a 
year  should  net  him  around 
$150,000.  One  really  has  to  ad- 
mire that,  no  matter  what  the 
consequences  to  the  hobby. 

His  system  is  simple  and  it 
works.  He  sits  you  down  for  a 
full  day  of  memorizing  the 
answers  to  the  questions.  He 
has  you  write  down  the  answers 
you  are  going  to  need  the  follow* 
ing  day  on  the  exam . . .  write 
'em  two  or  three  times  to  make 
sure  they  are  well-established  in 
your  short-term  memory.  As  an 
aspiring  General  or  Advanced, 
you  can't  lose.  Neither  can  Bash. 

All  this  has  absolutely  noth- 
ing to  do  with  the  major  crisis  in 
amateur  radio:  the  need  for  new 
hams.  Novices, .  .teenagers. 
We  already  have  all  of  the  old 
men  we  need  in  amateur  radio- 
now  what  we  need  is  to  see 
about  100,000  new  Novices  per 
year  to  get  our  rusty  old  hobby 
jumping  again.  That  would  spur 
technicaf  developments  and 
building  (kids  really  love  to 
build)  and  get  some  life  into 
things. 

What  has  your  club  don©  to 
get  a  ham  group  started  in  the 


local  high  school?  If  we  don't 

even  give  the  kids  a  chance  to  be 
exposed  to  amateur  radio,  we 
have  no  gripe  when  Ihey  turn  to 
drugs,  drinking,  getting  into  car 
accidents,  malicious  destruc- 
tion, spray  painting  everything 
in  sight,  and  getting  all  of  your 
girls  pregnant.  At  least  give 
them  an  alternative! 

NAVASSA  TIME 

The  May  3rd  issue  of  Time 
had  a  nice  article  on  the  recent 
hamming  of  Navassa  Island.  As 
one  of  the  few  persistent 
(stupid)  enough  to  go  there 
twice,  I  read  the  item  with  more 
than  average  interest. 

The  first  trip,  In  195B 
{KC4AF. .  .a  call  now  held  by  a 
chap  in  Alabama),  saw  six  of  us 
chartering  a  motor-sarler  in 
Nassau  and  making  our  way 
down  the  Bahamas  to  Haiti 
through  a  heavy  storm.  We  just 
barely  missed  crashing  on  a  reef 
when  we  got  to  Haiti  before 
dawn.  It  was  a  hell  of  a  trip  and 
we  found  ourselves  about  50 
miles  off  course  by  the  time  we 

Continued  on  page  1  tS 


Western  Electric 

MONTGOMERY   WORKS 


AMATEUR  RADIO  CLUB 
AURORA.  lU^LNOIS 

e0&07 


'^ICCdTWP  OM  nm  MMtKS  OF  Tm  «C*W?#WL  /Wf  #ATCT 


QSL  OF  THE  MONTH;  WA9DNZ 

The  natural  theme  of  the  Western  Electric  Montgomery  Works 
club  station  comes  from  the  plant's  location  on  the  Fox  River.  Built 
on  the  site  of  a  former  amusement  park,  the  factory  is  In  a  wooded 
setting  and  sports  a  year-round  duck  population.  The  card's  bright 
colors  are  sure  to  catch  the  eye  of  the  operator  on  the  other  end. 


8    73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


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components  from  lightning  induced  transients. 

Newl  Mic  audio  available  on  rear  panel  to  facilitate  phone  patch 
connection. 

•  State-of'the-art  d^ign  combining  solid-state  PA, 
up-con  version,  high-level  double  balanced  1st  mixer  and 
frequency  synthesis  provided  a  no  tune-up.  broadband,  high 
dynamic  range  transceiver. 


R7A  Receiver 

•  CONTINUOUS  NO  COMPROMISE  0  to  30  MHz 
frequency  coverage, 

•  Full  passbaml  tuning  (PET). 

Newl  NB7A  Noise  Blanker  applied  as  standard. 

•  State-irf'the-Art  features  of  the  TR7A.  plus  added 
flexibility  with  a  low  noise  10  dB  rf  amplifier 

Newt  Standard  ultimate  selectivity  choices  include  the 
applied  2.3  kHz  ssb  and  500  Hz  cw  crystal  filters,  and 
9  kHz  a-m  selectivity.  Capability  for  three  accessory 
crystal  fitters  plus  the  two  supplied,  including  300  Hz, 
1 .8  kHz.  4  kHz,  and  6  kHz.  The  4  kHz  filter,  when  used 
with  the  R7A's  Synchro-Phase  a-m  detector,  provides 
a-m  reception  with  greater  frequency  response  within  a 
narrower  bandwidth  than  conventional  a-m  detection, 
and  sideband  selection  to  minimise  interference  potential 

•  Front  panel  pushbutton  cxintro!  of  rf  preamp,  a-m /ssb 
detector  speaker  ON /OFF  switch,  i-f  notch  filter, 
reference-derived  calibrator  signal,  three  age  release 
times  (plus  AGC  OFF),  integral  150  MHz  frequency 
counter/ digital  readout  for  external  use,  and  Receiver 
Incremental  Tuning  (RIT). 


The 

"•  FREQUENCY  FLEXIBILITY.  The  TR7A/R7A  combination 
offers  the  operator,  particularly  the  DX'er  or  Contester,  fre- 
quency control  agility  not  available  in  any  other  system.  The 
"Twins"'  offer  the  only  system  capable  of  no-compromlse 
DSR  (Dual  Simultaneous  Receive).  Most  transceivers  allow 
some  external  receiver  control,  but  the  'Twins '  provide 
instant  transfer  of  transmit  frequency  control  to  the  R7A 
VFO.  The  operator  can  listen  to  either  or  both  receiver's 
audio,  and  instantly  determine  his  transmitting  frequency  by 


ins"  System 

appropriate  use  of  the  TR7A's  RCT  control  (Receiver 
Controlled  Transmit).  DSR  Is  implemented  by  mixing  the  two 
audio  signals  in  the  R7A 

«  ALTERNATE  ANTENNA  CAPABILITY.  The  R7A's  Antenna 
Power  Splitter  enhances  the  DSR  feature  by  allowing  the  use 
of  an  additional  antenna  (ALTERNATE}  besides  the  MAIN 
antenna  connected  to  the  TR7A  (the  transmitting  antenna). 
All  possible  splits  between  the  two  antennas  and  the  two 
system  receivers  are  possible. 


DRAKE 


SpeoflcatiDns.  avaii^bUrty  and  prices  subject  to  change  wfttiout  notice  or  ob4igation- 

yotir  Drake  dealer  or  wrfte 
for  additional  information. 


COMING  SOOfw  New  RV75  Synttiestod  VFO 
Compatible  with  TRS  and  7  Line  Xcvrs/Rcvrm 

■  Fr«quency  Synthesize  for  crystal-controtled 
stability  •  VRTO  {Vartable  Rate  Tuning  O^cmator') 
adjusts  tuning  rati  as  function  of  tuning  speeO. 
•  fksojution  to  10  Hi  •  Tbree  programTfiibie  fixed 
frequencies  for  MA HS,  etc.  •  Sf^lit  or  Transcelve 
operitkm  with  main,  transceiver  PTO  or  RV7S 


R.  L.  DRAKE  COMPANY  •  54Q  Richard  Street.  MiamEsburg,  Ohto  45342  •  Phone  t513]  886-2421  •  Telex  288-01 7 


Patent  pending 


e  I  89S.B 


Tf  5  TUM^Cf/Vfl 


far  above  average ! 


With  the  new  TR5 


COWIINQ  SOON: 

RV75  Synthesized  VFO 

featuring  the  Drake  "VRTO" 

Frequency  Syntheslied  for  crystal -control  led 
stability     VRTD  (Variable  Rate  Tuning  Oscfflator') 
adjusts  tuning  rate  as  function  of  tuning  ^leal 
•  Risolutioii  to  10  H£  '  Three  progratnma&le  ^xwA 
frequencies  for  MARS.  etc.  -  SpJit  or  Transcejve 
operation  wtth  main  transceiver  PTO  or  RV7S 


-J 


■  Patent  ptndlng 


versatility  and  value  are  spelled  D-R-A-K-E 


D 


YNAMIC 

RANGE 


11 EU  ABLE 
■^^        SERVICE 


The  dynamic  range  of  the  TR5  is  unexcelled  by  any  transceiver  in  its  class.  TTie  TRS's 
greater  than  0  dBm  third  order  intercept  point  (85  dB  two-tone  dynamic  range)  at  20 
kHz  spacing  can  be  achieved  only  by  the  use  of  a  passive  diode-ring  double  balanced 
mixer  Drake  was  the  first  to  bring  this  technology  to  the  Amateur  market  v^ith  a 
high'ieve!  mixer  in  the  TR7. 

When  you  purchase  a  TR5,  or  any  Drake  product,  you  acquire  a  product  of  the  latest 

production  techniques,  which  provide  reliable  performance. 

Yet  with  a  product  as  sophisticated  as  one  of  today's  transceivers,  after-sales 
service  is  a  must.  Ask  any  Drake  owner.  Our  Customer  Service  Department  has  a 
reputation  second  to  none. 


|\CCESS0RIES 


K 


ILOWATT 
AMPLIHER 


Drake  is  the  only  Amateur  Radio  manufacturer  who  offers  a  full  complement  of 
accessories  to  satisfy  almost  every  desire  the  HF  Amateur  may  have.  This  wide 
selection  allows  any  operator  to  assemble  a  station  which  meets  his  needs,  and 
assures  compatible  interfacing  and  styling  instead  of  a  desk  full  of  equipment  with 
a  variety  of  styling  and  poor  operation  as  a  system. 

Everyone  wants  to  be  heard!  The  accessory  L75  and  its  3-500Z  (1200  watts  PEP 
input)  and  a  decent  antenna  will  do  the  trick.  This  rugged  self-contained  amplifier/ 
power  supply  will  put  the  TR5  on  an  even  footing  with  the  best  of  them. 


Engineering 


The  TR5  and  all  Drake  Transceivers,  are  backed  by  the  best  in  engineering.  The  TR5 
is  the  result  of  an  extensive  engineering  effort,  combining  proven  past  techniques 
and  ideas  with  new  state  of  the  art  concepts, 

As  a  result,  the  TBS  wiil  not  be  superceded  by  a  new  model  every  six  months.  It 
represents  a  true  radio  communications  value  that  will  provide  many  years  of 
operating  enjoyment. 


Sd6  ybur  Drake  dealer 
or  write  for 
addHionsl  Information. 


R.  L.  DRAKE  COMPANY 


Features,  availability  ami  pnces  subject  to  cftan^ge  without  notice  or  obiigation. 

540  Richard  St. ,  Mismfsburg,  OhiG  45342.  USA 
Phone;  1513)  B66-24P1  •  Telex:  2aB'01 7 


Log  of  the  Colorado  Queen 

wet,  wild  Field  Day  fun 


F,  Dale  wntkm^  KJPUR 
5592  5.  Moore  Street 
Uitieton  CO  80127 


Spring,  as  reflected  in 
the  short-lived  green 
sheen  of  the  foothills,  was 
well  settled  in  the  Rocky 
Mountains  when  the  menn- 
bers  of  a  Denver  area  ama- 
teur radio  club  gathered  to 
discuss  the  1978  Field  Day 
activities.  The  interests  of 
the  club  had  varied  over  the 
years,  but  the  recent  in- 
creased appeal  of  contest- 
ing and  the  technical  anten- 
na expertise  promised  tn  the 


form  of  a  full-size  40-meter 
beam  to  help  fill  in  the  prop- 
agation  holes  in  10-20  me- 
ters  convinced  the  member- 
ship to  go  all  out  for  top 
spot  in  the  Field  Day  results. 
Without  debating  the 
good  and  bad  points  of  Field 
Day.  suffice  it  to  say  that 
participation  can  be  divided 
into  two  broad  classifica- 
tions—high key  and  low 
key.  Those  groups  scoring 
high  obviously  are  in  the 
high-key  category  which  de- 
scribes the  organization, 
planning,  and  pressure  re- 
quired. The  pursuit  of  a  hob- 
by is  supposed  to  be  fun  and 
the  belief  that  a  sense  of 


personal  accomplishment 
could  be  achieved  without 
the  peer  pressures  for  maxi- 
mum contacts  led  to  the 
breakaway,  following  the 
1978  Field  Day  activities,  of 
five  members  of  the  club 
who  subsequently  formed 
"the  crew." 

When  the  crew,  consist- 
ing  of  Al  NaAUS,  Pete 
N6EBC  (ex-WD<JBm  Gary 
WDOGGL,  Cten  WDl^FEO, 
and  Dave  WB8KYP,  meets, 
they  have  only  two  goals: 
having  fun  and  planning 
technical  projects  which 
some  people  say  can't  be 
done.  It  was  this  attitude 
that  prevailed   at  the  first 


The  crew  and  the  Colorado  Queen  preparing  to  begin  the  weekend  operations. 
12     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


meeting  of  the  group  where 
plans  were  formed  to  con- 
struct a  floating  all-band  sta- 
tion. Once  the  concept  was 
agreed  upon,  it  became  ob- 
vious that  this  vessel  would 
require  a  name  befitting  its 
heritage.  Since  NIJAUS  had  a 
thing  for  the  African  Queen, 
having  seen  the  movie  more 
times  than  he  could  remenv 
ber,  it  wasn't  long  before  the 
group  came  up  with  some 
apropos  phonetics  and  a 
name:  CQ,  the  Colorado 
Queen. 

During  the  winter,  plans 
for  a  1979  summer  launch- 
ing were  made  with  reckless 
abandon  and  much  beer. 
Chatf  ield  Reservoir,  south  of 
Denver,  at  an  elevation  of 
5432  feet  was  chosen  as  the 
site  of  operations  and 
WDOFEO  offered  the  use  of 
his  Ifrman  white-water  rub- 
ber raft  as  the  ship  of  desti- 
ny. As  might  be  expected, 
the  selection  of  a  suitable 
antenna  and  how  to  mount 
it  to  a  rubber  raft  were  the 
biggest  problems.  The  final 
solution  involved  a  14AVQ 
all-band  vertical,  owned  by 
WDQFEO.  and  a  floating 
platform.  A  hollow  steel 
pipe  and  flange  were  at- 
tached to  the  center  of  a 
large  diameter  circular  sec- 
tion of  plywood  through 
which  a  hole  had  been 
drilled  in  the  center  Three 
900  X  16  truck  inner  tubes 
were  mounted  under  the 
platform  to  provide  flota- 
tion and  stability;  three  out- 
riggers,  emanating  from  the 


WBdKVP  readies  the  {riband  beam  for  a  little  more  height 


platforni  and  made  from  2  x 
4  X  12s,  supplied  guy  points 
for  the  vertical  which  was 

attached  to  the  pipe.  A  long 
cable  connected  to  and  ex- 
tending through  the  center 
of  the  pipe  into  the  water 
served  as  system  ground. 
Support  framework  for  the 
equipment  and  personal 
gear  was  ably  constructed 
through  the  experience  of 
WP0FEO  and  the  crew's  la- 
bor. 

Now  consider,  for  a  mo- 
ment, a  14-foot  rubber  raft 
powered  by  a  3,5-horsepow- 

er  motor  towing  the  antenna 
platform  just  described  wjth 
the  vertical  via  a  30foot 
rope,  While  underway,  the 
floating  antenna  platform 
maintains  its  distance,  but 
when  the  raft  is  stationary, 
the  weight  of  the  rope  and 
coax  connecting  the  rig  on 
the  raft  to  the  antenna  tend 
to  draw  the  platform  closer 
as  the  cable  sinks  into  the 
water  A  number  of  four- 
inch  styrofoam  balls,  with  a 
hole  cut  through  the  center 


for  the  coax,  solved  this 
problem  and  prepared  the 
Queen  for  her  August  18th 

inaugural  voyage. 

With  a  Yaesu  FT-101EE 
powered  by  two  paralleled 
fead-acid  batteries,  various 
2-meter  hand-he  Ids,  assort- 
ed swr  meters,  and  other 
gear  on  board  and  an  appro- 
priate christening  with  white 
lightning,  the  historical 
launching  of  the  first  mile- 
high  freshwater  mobile  took 
place  amidst  the  curious 
gazes  of  swimmers,  boaters, 
and  sunbathers.  During  the 
weekend  of  operation, 
many  contacts  were  made, 
lots  of  time  was  spent  rag- 
chewing  as  opposed  to  ex- 
changing callsign,  signal 
strength,  contest  number 
and  best  wishes,  and  most 
important  of  all,  a  fun  time 
was  had  by  all,  including 
WB8KYP  who  towed  a 
stranded  cabin  cruiser  back 
to  shore  with  his  "shuttle  ca- 
noe" and  paddle  power.  The 
only  casualties,  other  than 
operator   sunburn,   on    this 


The  backup  Kenwood,  unloaded  by  WDOFEO.  provided 
flawless  operation. 


first  voyage  were  a  water- 
logged 2-meter  hand-held 
and  damp  finals  in  the  FT- 
101EE. 

It  is  a  well-known  fact 
that  the  higher  the  antenna, 
the  better  the  communica- 
tions. Therefore,  Green 
Mountain  Reservoir,  at  an 
elevation  of  8200  feet,  was 
chosen  by  the  crew  for  the 
1980  launching  of  the  Cota- 
rado  Queen,  Besides  that, 
WDOFEO  offered  the  use  of 
the  family  cabin  for  a  week- 
end of  revelry.  The  same  ba- 
sic raft  and  antenna  plat- 
form were  used  w^ith  some 
extra  framing  and  plywood 
floor  added  to  the  raft  for  ri- 
gidity and  the  addition  of 
equipment  boxes  to  pre- 
clude  some   of   the   water 


problems   encountered   the 
previous  year. 

After  a  successful  launch- 
ing and  an  uneventful  morn- 
ing of  operation,  the  crew 
was  languishing  on  the  deck, 
contemplating  the  relative 
merits  of  Coors  beer,  better 
known  as  Colorado  Kool- 
Aid,  when  the  capricious 
mountain  weather  made 
one  of  its  abrupt  changes.  In 
less  time  than  it  takes  to 
QRX,  the  sun  disappeared 
and  70-mile-per-hour  winds 
whipped  the  surface  of  the 
water  into  a  rough  pattern 
of  whitecaps.  Since  the  clos- 
est land  was  in  the  form  of 
an  island,  the  crew  cranked 
up  the  3.5  pony-power  en- 
gine and  headed  the  Queen 
for  the   leeward   side    The 

73Mag3Zine  •  July.  1982     13 


bamboo  mast  supporting 
WDOFEOs  2-meter  beam 
split  with  a  resounding  crack 

and  the  antenna  was  fished 
out  of  the  drink  by  means  of 
the  still  attached  coax. 

When  the  island  was  fi- 
nally reached,  everyone  dis- 
embarked to  attempt  to  find 
some  shelter.  It  was  a  short 
time  later  when  it  was  dis- 
covered that  no  one  had 
dropped  anchor  or  tied  up 
the  raft,  which  was  now 
making  good  time  away 
from  the  island.  Luckily,  the 
shuttle  canoe  was  still  on 
the  shore  and  the  chase  be- 
gan. In  the  ensuing  recovery: 
to  add  insult  to  injury^ 
WDaFEO's  ten-gallon  hat 
was  blown  into  the  water 
where  it  promptly  sank  be- 
neath the  wavjBS.  Repeated 
efforts  to  recover  this  well- 
worn  relic  were  all  in  vain, 
although  WB8KYP  swears 
he  saw  a  catfish  wearing 
something  similar  as  it 
jumped  in  front  of  the  raft. 

No  sooner  was  the  raft  se- 
cured back  at  the  island 
than  some  crew  members 
decided  that  the  original 
cargo  of  three  cases  of  beer 
was  fast  being  depleted  and 
some  suntan  lotion  to 
soothe  the  morning's  ultra- 
violet onslaught  was  in  or- 
der. What  is  it  they  say 
about  discretion  being  the 
better  part  of  valor?  Any- 
way, WDOGGL  and 
WB8KYP  volunteered  to 
take  the  canoe  and  attempt 
to  refurbish  the  supplies.  In 
an  adventure  about  which 
the  residents  along  the 
shoreline  still  chuckle,  these 
two  stalwarts  paddled  and 
bailed  their  way  to  the  far 
shore,  in  the  only  vessel  on 
the  water,  oblivious  to  the 
binocular-equipped  audi- 
ence watching  from  the 
many  windows  on  land.  Re- 
portedly, the  trip  back  to  the 
island  after  obtaining  the 
necessary  replenishments 
was  much  easier  with  the 
wind  at  the  rear  Sunday 
dawned  bright  and  clear, 
providing  a  fine  atmosphere 
for  the  conclusion  of  that 
year's  freshwater  operation 
with  only  a  Yaesu  2-meter 

14     73  Magazine  •  Ju1yJ932 


rig  sustaining  water  damage 
and  WB8KYP  once  again 
coming  to  the  rescue  of  a 

stranded  cabin  cruiser,  but 
this  time  he  was  prepared  (?] 
with  a  l.Z-horsepower  Nep- 
tune engine  mounted  on  his 
shuttle  canoe. 

By  1981,  the  crew  was 
looking  for  bigger  and  better 
challenges  to  conquer  with 
the  Colorado  Queen  and 
had  made  the  operation  an 
annual  event  taking  place 
the  weekend  following  the 
July  4th  holidays.  Commen- 
surate with  the  arrival  of 
spring,  the  crew,  minus 
N6E  BC  who  had  been  trans- 
ferred to  California,  gath- 
ered to  begin  construction 
of  the  latest  version  of  the 
Colorado  Queen 

Over  the  winter  months  a 
new  design  for  the  antenna 
platform  had  evolved,  made 
necessary  by  the  decision  to 
use  WB8KYP^s  TH-3]r.  tri^ 
band  beam.  WDQFEO  had 


managed  to  find  a  sma 
boat  dock  which  had  four 
SCKgallon  drums  attached 
underneath  for  flotation  and 
steel-rimmed  wheels  mount- 
ed on  the  sides  for  easy  wa- 
ter entry  and  exit.  Six  900  x 
16  truck  inner  tubes  were 
added  for  stability  and  two  2 
X  4s  for  attaching  the  float- 
ing dock  to  the  framework 
of  the  raft  Three  holes 
drilled  at  the  center  of  the 
dock  allowed  the  mounting 
of  a  steel  tower  section 
which  was  guyed  to  the  four 
corners  of  the  dock  super- 
structure. The  mast  was 
then  slipped  through  the 
tower  pipe  and  the  triband 
beam  mounted  on  top. 
Enough  mast  was  used  to  al- 
low the  antenna  to  be  raised 
between  six  and  fifteen  feet 
and  still  offer  the  capability 
of  arm  strong  rotation. 

The  first  test  of  this  water 
mobile  antenna  barge  al- 
most drowned  two  of  the 


WDQCGL  relaxes  as  the  sun  tries  to  burn  off  the  early  morr}- 
ing  mountain  mist 


crew  due  to  its  top-heavy  at- 
titude. Subsequently,  an  ex- 
ercise With  a  local  firm's 
Computer  Aided  Design 
equipment  showed  that  a 
180-pound  counterweight 
suspended  nine  feet  below 
the  water  line  would  stabil- 
ize the  platform  Oh,  the 
wonders  of  modern  technol- 
ogy. The  counterweight  was 
constructed  and  made  ad- 
justable so  that  it  could  be 
raised  when  approaching 
the  shore  or  lowered  to  14 
feet  for  windy  conditions. 

As  the  weekend  of  |uly 
11-12  drew  closer,  construc- 
tion activity  intensified. 
Boxes  to  hold  the  lead-acid 
batteries  were  built,  a  brack- 
et assembly  to  provide 
mounting  of  the  14AVQ  to 
the  raft  frame  for  40-  and 
80-meter  operation  was 
completed,  and  white  paint 
flowed  fretily. 

By  the  time  launch  day 
1981  arrived,  the  crew  had 
put  in  at  least  480  man  hours 
in  labor  alone.  The  arrival  in 
Denver  of  N6EBC  a  few  days 
prior  to  the  weekend  sig- 
nalled the  imminent  pack- 
up  and  departure  of  the 
crew  for  the  mountains.  As- 
sembly of  all  the  miscellane- 
ous parts,  all  prepared  and 
marked  beforehand,  took 
about  two  hours  on  Friday. 

Meanwhile,  N6EBC  had 
brought  along  some  Santa 
Maria  beans  from  California 
which  he  put  in  a  borrowed 
enamel  pot,  then  adding 
some  "miscellaneous  condi- 
ments" before  placing  them 
on  the  gas-modified  wood- 
stove  to  cook.  I  have  been 
known  to  prepare  some 
pretty  bad-looking  vittles, 
but  1  have  never  seen  any- 
thing eat  the  enamel  off  the 
inside  of  the  pot  like  those 
beans  did.  Thank  goodness 
the  sirloin  roasts  with  the  se- 
cret flavoring,  barbecued 
over  an  open  oak  fire,  were 
really  good. 

Bright  and  early  Saturday 
morning,  the  rigs  and  equip- 
ment were  loaded  into  the 
raft  and  hooked  up  and  the 
third  annual  launching  of 
the  Colorado  Queen  be- 
came history  — or  so  it  was 


# 


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Multiple  tone  frequency  operation  is  a  snap  since  the  dip  switch  may  be  remoted, 
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The  SS-32  encode  only  model  may  be  programmed  for  all  32  CTCSS  tones  plus 
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COMMUNICATIONS  SPECIAUSTS 


426  West  Taft  Avenue,  Orange,  California  92667 
(800)  854-0547 /California:  (714)  998-3021 

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SS-32  S29.95,  TS-32  $59.95 


supposed  to  be.  Output 
power  from  the  Yaesu  FT- 
101 B  was  almost  nil  and  the 
LEDs  on  the  front  of  the 
I  com  2''meter  rig  would  not 
even  glimmer.  Power  con- 
nections were  checked  and 
rigs  exchanged  without  suc- 
cess. Finally  someone  got 
the  bright  idea  of  measuring 
the  voltage  of  the  batteries. 
Eureka,  a  brand  new  heavy- 
duty  battery  had  a  shorted 
cell  and  was  pulling  the  par- 
allel battery  combination 
down  to  about  8.5  volts.  The 
extra  drain  on  the  good  bat- 
tery limited  current  capacity 
for  the  day*s  operation,  even 
after  the  bad  battery  was  re- 
placed. 

Late  Saturday  afternoon 
some  clouds  moved  in  and 
the  wind  picked  up.  causing 
a  slightly  earlier  than  usual 
beaching  of  the  Queen  for 
the  first  day  A  Kenwood 
TS-520S  was  put  in  service 
Sunday  morning  but  the  skip 
was  not  too  long,  with  most 
of  the  QSOs  originating  out 
of    the    eighth    call    area 


from  the  operating  position,  N6EBC  and  NQAUS  divide  their 
activities  between  testing  807s  and  logging  contacts. 


Shortly  before  noon  on  Sun- 
day, the  clouds  and  wind  re- 
turned from  the  opposite  di- 
rection and  the  smell  of 
ozone  m  the  atmosphere  ir>* 
dicated  a  high  level  of  static 
electricity.  As  WDffFEO 
guided  the  floating  station 
into  the  dock,  the  static 
build-up  became  so  bad  that 
a  humming  and  discharge 
clicking  were  clearly  audi- 


ble, but  the  antennas  were 
grounded  and  the  equip- 
ment was  removed  without 
incident.  Despite  these  tech- 
nical problems,  poor  band 
conditions,  high  wakes  from 
power  boats  pulling  water 
skiers  (which  made  the  tri- 
band  elements  flap  through 
a  three-foot  arc),  and  the 
many  visitors  that  WB8KYP 
shuttled  back  and  forth  in 


his  canoe,  the  two  days  of 
freshwater  mobile  opera- 
tion, gourmet  food,  and  14 
cases  of  beer  made  for  an 
unsurpassed  weekend  of 
camaraderie  and  enjoy- 
ment. 

What  will  the  crew  do  for 
an  encore?  Well,  plans  are 
already  underway  for  the 
construction  of  a  motorized 
dock  large  enough  tor  the 
TH-3)r.  at  30  feet,  the 
14AVQ  vertical,  a  2-meter 
mast  and  five-eighths 
groundplane,  a  gasolme 
generator,  a  Model  35  Tele- 
type, three  operating  posi- 
tions, and  many  creature 
comforts.  When  not  in  use, 
the  dock  will  serve  its  nor- 
mal purpose. 

If  you  didn't  manage  to 
get  your  call  letters  entered 
into  the  log  of  the  Colorado 
Queen  for  1981,  you  mjssed 
the  opportunity  of  receiving 
a  fine  8  x  10  color  picture 
QSL  card.  Mark  your  calen- 
dar now  for  July  10-11, 1982 
—  the  crew  will  be  listening 
for  you.  ■ 


*  B  E  C  *  BoUet  Electronic  Corp.  P.O.  Box  40ia44E  Garland^  TX.  7S040  1*^4}  STB'MSS 


^%2 


THE  PRESIDENT  SAYS:   ^'HOGWASH!!" 


After  taking  one  look  at  the  TRIPUT  POWER  SUPPLY  our  engineer  declared  that  the 
units  were  worth  several  hundred  dollars  each.  He  pointed  out  the  engineering,  high  quality 
construction  and  state-of-the-art  integrated  design  in  support  of  his  position.  The  President 
of  BEC  nnore  pragmatically  pointed  out  the  already  full  warehouse  and  the  two  trailer  truck 
loads  of  power  supplies  waiting  in  the  parking  lot,  and  set  the  price  to  move  them  QUICKLY! 
We  have  a  large  quantity,  but  the  supply  won  t  last  long.  The  only  thing  we  ask  is  please  read 
the  ordering  rules*  

3  OUTPUTS 
QUALITY  DOUBLE  SIDED  GLASS  BOARD  "'^^ss^^S'^'^TlS^l^^i  12V  @     8A     (t2A  lilt) 

f    I  -12V  @     5A 

I  mmm^         mi      mi  L  input  ios  *  125vac 


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REQULATOR  ASSEMBLY 

(part  of  unit) 


COMPLETE  UNIT 

(as  you  receive  it) 


62.50 

Plus  Freight 

21  lbs. 
6x  SVix  12 


ORDEBING  RULES 

1.  Mail  crieck  or  MO  for  S62,50+  $5.00  for  shipping  or  phone  (214)  278-3553 
to  charge  VISA/MC  or  COD  order.  (UPS  COD  only,  add  S2.50  COD  fee) 

2.  Texas  residents  include  5%  sales  tax. 

3.  Orders  tor  this  unit  will  be  shipped  within  48  HOURS  or  we  pay  the  freight! 
[weekends  or  holidays  excluded) 

4    ONE  TIME  OFFER!  LIMIT  TWO  (2)  SUPPLIES  PER  CUSTOMER. 


UNIT  IS  COMPLETELY  ASSEMBLED' 

Fused  primary  and  DC  sections 

HUGE  SHIELDED  TRANSFORMER 

2%  Load  &  Line  Regulation 

Low  Ftipp^e  (     lOOmv) 

Short  Circuit  Protection 

Overvoltage  Protection  on  aM  three 

oulputs 

25A  Bridge  Rectifier 

Over  60,000  mfd  of  filters 

High  Etficiency  Switching  Regulator 

reduce  a  heatsink  area 

Schematics  and  service  guide  included 

Thermal  Shutdown 

Statis  LED's  (3) 


16     73  Magazine  •  July  J  982 


SELECT  YOUR 
FAVORITE  FEATURE 


ConHtHMlie. 


*^*otm.  Twnyntf 


CT71W 


/aW 


Yes,  the  CT2100  has  the  features  you  want  -  and  built-in,  too!  The  CT2100  has  been  designed 
by  the  RTTY  people  at  HAL  for  optimuin  operator  convenience.  No  *'hidden"  keyboard  con- 
trols to  remember  -  it's  all  on  the  front  panel,  arranged  for  serious  operators.  Why  settle  for  a 
compromise  or  imitation  when  you  can  have  the  CT2100?  Compare  feature  for  feature;  youll 
find  that  the  CT2100  offers  the  most  performance  and  flexibility  for  your  dollar. 

•  Send  or  receive  ASCII,  Baudot,  or  Morse  code 

•  RTTY  and  Morse  demodulators  are  built-in 

•  RTTY  speeds  of  45,  50,  74,  100, 110,  300,  600»  and  1200  baud  - 
ASCII  or  Baudot 

•  Four  RTTY  modems:  **high  tones'',  *1ow  tones", 
"103  Modem  tones",  and  **202  Modem  tones" 

•  Three  shifts  for  high  and  low  tones  (170,  425,  and  850  Hz) 

•  Crystal -synthesized  transmit  tones 

•  Send  and  receive  Morse  code  at  1  to  100  wpm 

•  Characters  displayed  on  24  line  screen 

•  Choose  either  36  or  72  characters  per  line 

•  2  pages  01  72  character  tines  or  4  pages  of  36  character  lines 

•  Split-screen  for  pre  typing  transmit  text 

•  Audio^  current  loop,  or  RS232  data  I/O 

•  Printers  available  for  hard-copy  of  all  3  codes 

•  On-screen  RTTY  tuning  bar  plus  LED  indicators 

•  ALL  ASCII  control  characters;  half  or  full  duplex 

•  Brag-tape  storage  of  8*256  character  messages  in 
MSG2100  EPROM  option 

•  Two  programmable  HERE  IS  messages 

Write  or  call  for  more  details.  See  the  CT2100,  KB2100,  Printer,  and  Video  Monitor  at  yoLir 
favorite  HAL  dealer, 


HAL  COMMUNICATIONS  CORP, 


3<5 


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URBANA.  ILLINOIS  61801 


217-367-7373 


t^S&s  List  Of  Advertisers  on  page  T  M 


73MBgazine  •  July,  1982     17 


CB  to  CW? 

converting  the  Hy-Gain  board 


Photos  by  W1QSL 


Operator's  view  of  the  transceiver.  Note  the  insulating  wa&hers  around  the  key  and  phone  jacks.  The  internal  dc  power 

ground  is  floated  from  the  cabinet  to  permit  use  of  an  externa/  supp/y  of  either  polarity.  Front  panel  is  7"  X  4'\ 

18     73MagBzlnB  •  July,  1982 


Penn  Chwer  W1 BC 
459  Lowell  Street 
Andov^  MA  01810 


BEFOftE    WODIFICATIDM 


AFTER    WOEHFlCATIOtll 

9* 


If  yoy're  one  of  the  thou- 
sands of  hams  who 
bought  one  of  those  Hy- 
Cain  CB  set  printed  circuit 
boards  for  a  song  when  they 
appeared  on  the  surplus 
market,  then  this  may  be 
the  article  you've  been 
waiting  for.  Described  here 
is  a  neat  little  ten-meter 
CW  rig  that  boasts  a  feature 
you  won't  get  in  the  stan- 
dard HF  transceiver:  fult 
break*in  The  rig  is  built 
around  the  Hy-Gain  board 
and  is  inexpensive  to  dupli* 
cate.  You  don't  have  to  buy 
any  new  crystals  or  exotic 
ICs;  in  fact,  the  design 
philosophy  has  been  to  add 
nothing  which  couldn't  be 
found  at  the  local  Radio 
Shack  outlet.  If  your  junk 
box  contains  a  few  old  tran* 
sistor  radios  and  a  twelve- 
volt  power  source,  you 
shouldn't  have  to  buy  any- 
thing at  alL 

Before  getting  into  the 
actual  conversion  steps, 
let's  review  what  we  have 
and  where  we're  taking  it. 
The  circuit  boards  on  the 
surplus  market  were  des- 
tined to  go  into  a  whole 
family  of  Hy-Cain  sets 
(models  2679,  2680,  2681, 
and  2683,  at  least).  The  re- 
ceiver is  a  dual-conversion 
superhet  with  i-fs  at  10.7 
and  ,455  MHz.  The  trans- 
mitter is  AM  with  an  output 
between  3  5  and  6  Watts  de- 
pending  on  individual  tran- 
sistor characteristics  and 
the  supply  voltage.  The 
heart  of  the  frequency-de- 
termining scheme  is  a  PLL- 
02A  phase-locked  loop 
chip,  and  it  is  possible  to 
put  the  rig  on  ten  meters  by 
rearranging  the  wiring  of 
the  channel  selector  switch 
and  modifying  some  of  the 
other  loop  components. 
The    theory    behind    the 


means  of  changing  the  fre- 
quency coverage  is  de- 
scribed in  my  earlier  article 
(' CB  to  10/'  73  Magazine. 
September,  1980)  in  more 
detail  than  I  will  go  into 
here.  I  strongly  suggest  that 
you  get  and  study  that  ear- 
lier article  along  with  a  cir- 
cuit diagram  of  the  board 
(I  use  the  Sams  Photofact 
folder  covering  the  Hy-Gain 
model  2679A)  before  you 
start  this  project.  The  modi- 
fications aren't  difficult, 
but  !  won't  repeat  here 
large  sections  of  the  earlier 
article.  The  modifications 
described  here  are  given  in 
three  stages-  First,  the  basic 
conversion  to  CW  on  ten 
meters:  the  frequency 
change,  the  bfo,  fine  tuning, 
and  putting  the  transmitter 
on  CW.  Second  are  some 
convenience  features:  side- 
tone  oscillator  detector 
modifications,  rf/i-f  gain 
control,  transmitter  fre- 
quency offset  ^nd  an  ac- 
tive audio  filter.  The  final 
stage  is  the  modification  to 
give  full  break-in.  There  are 
a  lot  of  circuit  changes  in- 
volved in  the  complete  con- 
version and  I  strongly  sug* 
gest  that  you  make  and  try 
them  out  one  at  a  time. 
Troubleshooting  a  problem 
can  be  fairly  easy  when  you 
know  that  it  must  be  due  to 
those   last  five   wires   you 


*Sl3  ¥0UTS 


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EH  IT  TEH 


24  pF 


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CONTACT 
THAT  USED 

TO  CONNECT 
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THESE    CONNECTIONS 
UNCHAN&tO 


?\g.  1.  Channel  selector  modification. 


CMFMCfrQff 


Fig.  2.  Modifications  to  increase  bandwidth  of  low-pass 
filter. 


moved;  A  lot  more  time  and 
test  equipment  will  be 
needed  if  the  set  is  silent 
and  the  cause  could  lurk  in 
any  of  a  half  dozen  modi- 
fied areas.  There  are  a  lot  of 
circuit  changes  involved  in 
the  complete  conversion 
but  most  can  be  made  and 
tested  a  few  at  a  time, 

A  complete  ''road  map'' 
of  the  conversion  is  shown 
in  Fig.  16  where  a  block  dia- 
gram of  the  transceiver 
shows  how  the  various 
steps  fit  into  the  big  picture. 
For  a  starting  point,  it  is  as- 
sumed that  your  board  is 
checked  out  and  working  as 
designed  on  11  meters. 

Several  last  precautions 
are  in  order  before  getting 
down  to  circuit  details.  Hy- 
Gain  made  a  lot  of  these 
boards   in   many  different 


varieties.  Many  have  open 
areas  on  the  circuit  board 
which  when  filled  with 
components  add  features 
like  the  i-f  noise  blanker. 
Don't  worry  too  much 
about  the  missing  com- 
ponents, but  if  you  are 
given  a  choice,  take  the 
board  with  the  most  parts  in 
it. 

There  are  two  different 
audio  amplifier  ICs  in  the 
sets  I  have  seen:  the  pin-out 
and  circuit  are  different,  so 
you  should  watch  out  for 
that.  Some  boards  were 
made  to  have  the  channel 
switch  solder  directly  to  the 
board,  while  others  had 
posts  for  wire  leads  — this  is 
a  minor  matter,  but  some- 
thing you  may  have  to  al- 
low for. 

There  is  one  crucial  dlf- 


t ^' 1  ™6  T 


aRNS  '^^  TURNS 


7tZ  lopF    : 


470  K 


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T=L     ^ 


REPLl^CES 


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OR  EQUyVALCNt 


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TO  BASE 
Of  QI02 


TUNCO  ClftCuaS  ARE 
HODlFlEO  tO.Tti^H$  if 
TRAflSFORlVtERS. 


£OpF 


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CAPAClTOFT  A?   NQT^O 
l-TUHN   LiHK 


Fig.  3  Tripler  schematic  diagram. 


73  Magazine  *  July,  1982     19 


Interior  view.  Note  the  tripler  board  and  the  active  filter 
board  mounted  upright  from  the  main  circuit  board.  A  ho 

shown  is  the  method  of  mounting  the  speaker  inside  the  top 
cover. 


f  erence  between  the  boards 
present! V  available —  the 
PLL  IC  sometimes  has  16 
leads  and  sometimes  has 
18.  The  16-pin  packages 
may  have  one  of  several 
type  numbers,  but  all  are 
similar  to  the  PLL-02A  and 
can  be  converted  as  de- 
scribed in  this  [and  the  ear* 
lier)  article.  The  18-pin  PLL 
IG  is  a  dead  end.  These 
boards  were  destined  to  go 
in  the  Hy-Gain  16,  a  uPcon- 


trolled  trunk  mount  model 
with  a  fancy  calculator-like 
microphone/control  unit 
The  PC  card  communicated 
with  that  unit  via  a  serial 
data  bus  controlled  in  part 
by  extra  circuits  inside  the 
18-pin  PLL  IC.  Those  boards 
cannot  be  converted  as  de- 
scribed here.  If  yo'J  have 
one  of  those  boards,  your 
best  bet  is  to  get  the  mi- 
crophone and  interface 
card  that  go  with  the  main 


Hlf- 


^^  S€pf 


iff 


.OOi 


Q\0^ 


— wwv- 


Ja4 


m 


Z.Vfi, 


S,3»c 


fn 


COMfiCCT  TO  OiOft  EUtlTTER 


TMO 

BOTTOM 
vtEW 


^h 


board  and  put  it  on  10  by 
changing  the  11. 806-MHz 
crystal 

Stage  One  — The  Basic  CW 
Conversion 

The  first  and  biggest  step 
in  modifying  the  rig  is  get- 
ting the  operating  frequen- 
cy to  ten  meters.  The  con- 
version of  the  phase-locked 
loop  requires  three  main 
steps:  changing  the  pro- 
gramming of  the  loop  divid- 
er, increasing  the  passband 
of  the  low-pass  filter  follow- 
ing the  loop  mixer,  and  add- 
ing a  frequency  tripler  be- 
tween the  11 .806-MHz  crys- 
tal oscillator  and  the  loop 
mixer*  Changing  the  loop 
frequency  programming  is 
the  easiest  step  of  the  three. 
The  PLL-02A  chip  contains 
a  nine-stage  binary  divider 
which,  along  with  the 
10-kHz  reference  derived 
from  the  10.240-MHz  oscil- 
lator, sets  the  loop  oper- 
ating frequency.  The  di- 
vider is  switched  by  chang- 
ing the  dc  levels  on  pins  7 
through  15.  A  logic  one  (5 
volts)  on  a  particular  pin 
will  enable  the  division  con- 
trolled by  that  pin.  All  nine 
control  pins  are  manip- 
ulated by  the  channel 
switch  so  that  for  channel  1 
the  overall  division  is  224 
while  on  channel  40  the  di- 
vision is  268.  The  plan  is  to 
change  this  switch  coding 
and  therefore  the  operating 
frequency. 

For  example,  note  that 
since  channel  1  is  on  26.965 
MHz  and  the  steps  are  10 
kHz  apart,  we  could  move 
channel  1  to  28.005  MHz  if 


DtODE    DIOS 

R€MOVECi.    S  + 

HAROWIHEO  TC 

TRAMSWirtEH  ^  ,  ^    ^^ 

rO   TRANSM^TT£ft 

OUTPUT   STAGES 


liv 


HEAOPrtOKES 


THE5  P0kNt  NOV  6H0gM& 
|ltSTEAp0f   la  VOLTS 


SPEflKES   GROWaO  WIWE 


fig.  4.  The  bio,  QW%  is  sup- 
plied power  constantly  from 
Q106  instead  of  only  during 
transmit 

20     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


f^TTyRliS   TO   TRANSFQ19MER 


^ 


SȣAK&R 


Fig.  5.  Changes  to  audio  output  stage.  The  modulator  is 
disabled  by  the  removal  of  D105  and  the  speaker  circuit  is 
now  operated  at  ground  potential. 


we  could  change  the  divisor 
code  to  correspond  to  328 
on  that  channel  instead  of 
224,  Unfortunately,  we 
can't  make  completelv  ar- 
bitrary  changes  in  the  divi- 
sor size  because  we  are 
stuck  with  the  channel 
switch  and  the  code  built 
into  it  However,  it  is  pos- 
sible to  reroute  the  con- 
nections between  the 
switch  and  the  PLL  chip  so 
that  channel  1  moves  up 
960  kHz  to  27.925  MHz, 
This  means  that  channel  8 
will  then  fall  on  28.01 5  MHz 

and  channel  40  on  28J65 
MHz.  The  bulk  of  ten-meter 
CW  activity  takes  place  in 
the  lower  200  kHz  of  the 
band,  so  the  seven  lower 
channels  won't  really  be 
missed. 

Now  for  the  actual  wiring 
changes.  The  schematic  of 
the  change  is  shown  in  Fig, 
1.  First  cut  apart  pins  8,  9, 
and  10  of  the  tC  on  the  cir- 
cuit board  foil  Pin  7  is  dis- 
connected from  the  chan- 
nel switch  and  connected 
to  +  5  volts  at  pin  1 ,  and  the 
same  is  done  for  pin  9.  Pin  8 
is  grounded  and  pin  10  is 
connected  to  the  switch  ter- 
minal that  used  to  go  to  pin 
7.  That's  all  there  is  to  the 
channel  selector  modifica- 
tion. 

The  frequencies  for  the 
new  channels  are  given  in 
Table  1  along  with  the  ap- 
propriate phase-locked 
loop  coding  The  logic  1  lev- 
el corresponds  to  5  volts, 
while  the  0  is  ground,  and 
you  will  want  to  run  down 
the  IC  pins  with  a  voltmeter 
to  verify  that  the  correct 
code  for  a  particular  chan- 
nel actually  shows  up. 
There  are  several  types  of 
40-channel  switches  sold 
for  use  with  this  board  and 
it  is  easy  to  get  confused 
about  where  the  5  volts 
goes  in  and  the  various  IC 
pin  connections  come  out- 
Notice  that  the  10-meter 
channels,  like  the  CB  chan- 
nels, are  10  kHz  apart  but 
that  some  frequencies  are 
skipped  and  others  are  out 
of  order.  Be  careful  of  the 


•llil^ 


THE  LEADER  IN 
COMMUNICATIONS 


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ASTR0 150  S975.00 

MATCHING  POWER  SUPPLY  179.95 

MATCHING  ANTENNA  TUNER  189.95 

General  Frequency  Range 
160  Meter  Band -1.8-2.4  MHzf 
80  Meter  Band -3.0-4,5  MHz 
40  Meter  Band  -  6.0-8.3  MHz 
20  Meter  Band -13.8-16,0  MHz 
15  Meter  Band -20.8-23.0  MHz 
10  Meter  Band -28,0-30,0  MHz^t 

Model  150  only 
t  Model  151  only 


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band  edges,  particularly  if 
you're  a  Novice  and  espe- 
cially after  the  fine-tuning 
modification  ts  added. 

The  next  step  is  to 
change  the  passband  of  the 
low-pass  filter  between  the 
loop  mixer,  Q102,  and  the 
mixer  buffer,  Q103.  This 
modification  is  necessary 
because  the  highest  fre- 
quencY  passing  through  this 
filter  is  now  3.64  MHz  in- 
stead of  2,68  MHz.  The  cir- 
cuit changes,  shown  in  Fig 
2  are  straightforward.  CI 08 
and  CI 09  are  reduced  from 
330  to  130  pF,  about  one- 
third  of  the  turns  are  re- 
moved  from  LI 01,  and  the 
inductor  is  paralleled  by  a 
24-pF  capacitor  These 
changes  are  fairly  non-criti- 
cal; the  set  described  in  the 
earlier  article  used  180-pF 
capacitors,  half  the  turns  on 
LI 01,  and  82  pF  in  parallel 
with  the  coil.  The  values 
shown  in  Fig.  2  work  fine, 
but  if  you  have  some  capac- 
itors that  are  slightly  larger, 
don't  be  afraid  to  try  them. 

The  final  and  probably 
most  complex  change  is  the 
addition  of  the  tripler  fol- 
lowing the  11.80£^-MHz  os- 
cilfator.  The  mixer  input  ts 
really  looking  for  the  third 
harmonic  of  that  frequen- 
cy, but  the  Hy-Gain  design- 
ers were  able  to  save  a 
stage  by  letting  the  mixer 
do  the  frequency  multipli- 
cation as  well  as  the  mixing 
function.  That  trick  doesn't 
work  as  well  for  us  because 
the  loop  operating  frequen- 
cies are  shifted  enough  that 
some  of  the  spurious  mixer 
products  cause  trouble.  As 
explained  in  the  previous 
article,  these  spurious  prod- 
ucts can  actually  prevent 
lock  on  frequencies  higher 
in  the  ten-meter  band.  The 
CW  end  of  the  band  is  close 
enough  to  the  CB  frequen- 
cies that  the  loop  will  lock 
Without  the  tripler  addition, 
but  I  found  that  the  fine- 
tuning  modification  (de- 
scribed later)  would  not 
function  property.  The  fre- 
quency would  shift  all  right 
but  over  a  portion  of  the 


shift  range  an  unwanted 
beat  note  would  appear  in 
the  mixer  output.  This  beat 
would  cause  FM  on  both 
the  transmitted  and  re- 
ceived signals.  The  tripler 
completely  cured  the  prob- 
lem, but  you  may  elect  to 
first  get  the  loop  running 
without  that  added  compli- 
cation as  an  easy  means  of 
verifying  the  other  PLL 
modifications  By  all  means 
do  add  the  tripler  before 
getting  on  the  air,  or  be  pre- 
pared to  get  a  lot  of  reports 
of  hum  on  your  signal  [and 
don't  be  footed,  as  1  was  at 
first,  by  looking  at  your  out- 
put envelope  and  seeing  no 
modulation  — it  sounds  like 
AM  hum,  but  being  FM 
won't  show  on  a  scope. 

The  tripler  schematic 
shown  in  Fig,  3  is  simpler 
than  the  one  described  in 
the  first  article,  but  works 
just  as  welL  A  single  stage 
multiplies  the  ir806-MHz 
signal  and  two  lightly 
coupled  tuned  circuits  se- 
lect out  the  35.4-MHz  sig- 
nal. The  tuned  circuits  used 
in  this  version  are  10  J-MHz 
i-f  transformers  modified  by 
the  removal  of  half  the 
turns  on  the  core  and  re- 
placement of  the  55-pF 
stock  capacitors  with  20-pF 
units.  Some  experimenta- 
tion may  be  necessary  to 
get  the  circuits  resonant  at 
35  MHz,  and  a  good  grid- 
dip  meter  is  an  invaluable 
aid.  There  are  other  tech- 
niques which  would  work 
well.  For  example,  if  you're 
really  well  equipped,  you 
could  use  a  variable  fre- 
quency signal  source  and  a 
high  bandwidth  oscillo- 
scope. Of  course,  you  can 
use  any  other  type  of  tuned 
circuit— whatever  the  junk 
box  has  as  long  as  it  fits  into 
the  space  available. 

As  shown  in  the  photo- 
graphs, I  built  the  circuit  on 
a  small  scrap  of  printed  cir- 
cuit board  and  supported  it 
by  the  stiff  leads  used  to 
supply  power  and  signals  to 
the  board.  This  isn't  the 
most  mechanically  rugged 
technique,  but  it  is  neat  and 


PLL  Pin  Levels 
Channel     Frequency      15  14  13  12  11  10    9     S     7 


1 

27,925 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

27.935 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

3 

27.945 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

4 

27.965 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

5 

27.975 

1 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

6 

27.985 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

7 

27.995 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

e  above  channels 

not  in  the  10-meter  amateur  ba 

nd 

8 

20.015 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

9 

28025 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

10 

28,035 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

D 

11 

28.045 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

12 

28.065 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

13 

28.075 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

14 

28.085 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

15 

28.095 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

16 

28.115* 

1 

1 

0 

0 

Q 

0 

17 

28.125* 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

18 

28.135* 

1 

0 

1 

0 

Q 

0 

19 

28.145' 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

20 

2ai65' 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

21 

^.175* 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

22 

28.185* 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

23 

^.215 

1 

0 

1 

0 

0 

24 

28.195* 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

25 

28.205 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

26 

28.225 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

27 

28.235 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

28 

28.245 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

^ 

28.255 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

30 

28.265 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

31 

28.275 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

32 

28.285 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

33 

28.295 

1 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

34 

28.305 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

35 

28.315 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

36 

28.325 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

37 

28.336 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

38 

28.345 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

39 

28.355 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

40 

28,365 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

•These  frequencies  are  in  the  Novice  segment- 
All  frequencies  given  are  nominal  and  may  vary  ±5 
kHz  or  so  if  you  include  the  fine-tuning  modification. 


Table  1.  New  channel  frequencies  and  PLL  codling. 


with  careful  placennent  of 
the  support  leads  is  strong 
enough  to  be  reliable.  I  rein- 
forced the  wires  where  they 
entered  the  main  circuit 
board  with  a  small  drop  of 
epoxy  cement  so  that  the 
stress  would  not  be  on  the 
thin  circuit  foil  below  the 
board. 

Once  these  circuit  modi- 
fications are  made,  the  loop 
can  be  adjusted  for  proper 
operation.  Monitor  the  dc 
voltage  on  the  positive  side 
of  C1 15  and  adjust  the  vco 


slug  (Tl 01)  so  that  the  volt- 
age varies  from  a  low  of 
around  a  volt  on  channel  1 
to  a  high  of  about  two  volts 
on  channel  40.  The  voltage 
should  change  slightly  each 
time  the  channel  switch  is 
advanced.  This  voltage  is  a 
measure  of  the  driving 
force  necessary  to  pull  the 
vco  from  its  free-running 
frequency  (set  by  TlOl)  to 
the  frequency  requested  by 
the  channel  selector;  in 
fact  a  meter  inserted  at  this 
point  could  be  calibrated  to 


22     73 Magazine  •  Julyj982 


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73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     23 


•8.5  VOuT& 
f 


Fig,  6.  Cifcuk  modification 

to  allow  transmitter  keying 
at  the  tfansmitter  mixer, 
QUO. 


read    the    ten-meter    oper- 
ating frequency. 

Knowing  this,  you  can 
easily  determine  if  the 
phase-locked  loop  is  run- 
ning normally.  If,  for  exam- 
ple, you  can  switch  chan- 
nels without  changing  the 
voltage  at  C1 15,  then  the 
vco  frequency  hasn't 
moved  as  it  should  and 
something  is  wrong.  If  the 
voltage  seems  to  hop 
around  in  great  leaps  as  you 
rotate  the  channel  selector, 
then  the  channel  switch  is 
probably  wired  up  to  the 
PLL  incorrectly. 


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Fig.  7,  Fine  tuning  with  a  varicap  diode. 


Another  good  means  of 
testing  for  proper  operation 
is  to  listen  to  the  output  of 
the  loop  mixer  with  a  re- 
ceiver. Remember  that  on 
channel  1  the  loop  divider 
is  set  to  320  and  that  on 
channel  40  it  is  set  to  364, 
That  means  that  the  output 
of  the  mixer  buffer,  Q103, 
will  be  at  3.200  MHz  on 
channel  1  and  3  640  MHz 
on  channel  40.  Accordingly, 
when  the  channel  is  set  to 
36,  the  output  of  Q103 
should  be  on  3  600  MHz, 
and  that  can  be  easily  veri- 
fied by  connecting  one  end 
of  a  length  of  wire  to  the  an- 
tenna terminal  of  an  80-me- 
ter receiver  and  wrapping 
the  other  end  (insulated, 
with  no  direct  electrical 
connection)  around  Q103. 
You  can  figure  out  which 
channel  position  corres- 
ponds to  36  by  counting 
backwards    from    channel 


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fig,  8.  (a]  Circuit  to  provide  a  selectable  frequency  offset  during  transmit  (b)  Circuit  for 
manual  T/R  switching. 


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Fig.  9.  Sidetone  oscillator  circuit 


40;  that  channel  you  can 
find  by  watching  for  the 
large  voltage  change  across 
C1 15  as  the  loop  jumps  from 
channel  40  to  channel  1 . 

As  an  aside,  it's  interest- 
ing to  note  that  the  rig  can 
now  be  used  as  a  crystal- 
controlled  calibrator  which 
can  be  walked  in  precise 
lO-kHz  steps  across  the  bot* 
torn  portion  of  80  meters. 
The  3,600-MHz  output  on 
channel  36  can  be  zero  beat 
with  your  crystal  calibrator 
by  adjusting  the  10.240- 
MHz  oscillator;  then  the 
PLL  signals  will  be  just  as 
accurate  on  any  of  its  chan- 
nels as  your  calibrator  is  at 
3.6  MHz. 

With  the  PLL  modifica- 
tions complete  and  operat- 
ing, the  set  should  operate 
as  an  AM  rig  (into  a  dummy 
only])  from  27.925  to  28  365 
MHz.  By  peaking  up  the  re- 
ceiver front  end  (T104  and 
T105)  and  connecting  ar\ 
antenna,  you  should  be 
able  to  hear  some  CW  sig- 
nals, though  without  a  bfo 
you  won't  be  able  to  copy 
them.  The  transmitter  can 
be  peaked  into  a  dummy 
load  by  adjusting  LI 03, 
LI  02,  T102/  T103,  LI  06, 
L109,  and  L110.  You'll  find 
that  the  first  three  adjust- 
ments mentioned  are  the 
sharpest  tuning  ones.  I 
would  suggest  peaking  ev- 
erything up  on  28.115  MHz 
[channel  16)  since  most  of 
your  operation  will  be  with- 
in 100  kHz  of  that  frequen- 
cy. 

The  remaining  steps  iii 
the  basic  CW  conversion 
are  the  bfo  addition,  the 
AM  to  CW  transmitter 
change,  and  the  provision 
for  fine  tuning.  These  steps 
were  covered  in  detail  in 
the  first  article  so  will  only 
be  mentioned  briefly  here. 
The  bfo  is  actually  the 
10.695-MHz  transmit  car- 
rier oscillator,  Q109,  which 
can  be  turned  on  during  re- 
ceive by  connecting  the 
supply  end  of  the  3.3k  emit- 
ter resistor  (Rn9)  so  that  it 
gets  8.5  volts  all  the  time  in- 


24     73  Magazine  *  July,  1962 


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73 Magazine  •  JulyJ982     25 


stead  of  only  when  the  rig  is 
transmitting.  The  emitter  of 
Q106  (the  8.5-vo[t  voltage 
regulator)  is  a  convenient 
source  for  this  voltage.  The 
circuit  change  is  shown  in 
Fig,  4. 

Putting  the  transmitter 
on  CW  is  almost  as  simple. 
First  the  modulator  output 
is  disconnected  from  the 
transmitter  driver  and  final 
amplifier  by  the  removal  of 
diode  D105  [located  just 
behind  the  audio  trans- 
former) The  transmitter 
stages  are  then  powered  by 
wiring  the  12-volt  line 
directly  to  what  used  to  be 
the  cathode  end  of  the 
diode.  The  final  and  driver 
are  class  C  amplifiers  so 
they  won't  draw  any  cur^ 
rent  until  driven  and  there  is 
no  need  to  switch  this 
power  line.  It  is  prudent  to 
keep  a  load  on  the  audio 
power  stage  at  all  times, 
but  at  this  point  there  is  no 
load  during  transmit  be- 
cause the  modulator  func* 
tion  is  disconnected.  The 
microphone  push-to-talk 
switch  normally  opens  the 
speaker  circuit  during 
transmit  and  that  should  be 
rewired  so  that  the  lower 
end  of  the  speaker  is  con- 
nected to  ground  at  all 
times.  The  output  trans- 
former  is  also  rewired  so 
that  the  speaker  circuit 
does  not  operate  with  a 
12-volt  bias.  This  step  helps 
reduce  speaker  thumps 
caused  by  the  12-volt  sup- 
ply dropping  when  the 
transmitter  is  keyed.  These 
modifications  to  the 
transmitter  are  shown  In 
Fig.  5. 

Finally,  some  provision 
must  be  made  for  keying 
the  transmitter,  and  that  is 
done  by  keying  the  B+  line 
feeding  the  transmit  mixer 
as  shown  in  Fig.  6.  The  RC 
filter  added  in  series  with 
the  power  lead  softens  the 
rise  and  fall  times  enough 
to  give  brisk  but  clickless 
keying. 

The  fine-tuning  modifica- 
tion is  shown  in  Fig.  7.  The 
11,806-MHz  heterodyne  os- 


Back  inside  view.  Note  rear  panel  BNC  for  rf,  miniature  jack  for  external  speaker  DPS 7 
switch  and  male  jack  for  external  dc  supply,  and  ac  fuse  for  internal  supply. 


citlator  is  tuned  over  about 
a  4-kH2  range  with  a  vari* 
cap  diode,  thus  giving  after 
frequency  multiplication  a 
12-kHz  shift  in  operating 
frequency.  If  your  junk  box 
doesn't  have  any  varicap  di- 
odes, you  could  substitute 
a  35-to-55-pF  trimmer  ca- 
pacitor, but  the  diode  is  a 
neater  method.  Not  all  tun- 
ing diodes  are  the  same  and 
you  may  have  to  try  several 
or  put  several  in  parallel  in 
order  to  get  the  required 
frequency  change,  Notice 
that  as  the  oscillator  is 
moved  around  in  frequen- 
cy, the  phase-locked  loop 
will  force  the  vco  to  move 
in  step  so  that  the  output 
signal  of  the  loop  mixer 
[Q103)  will  not  change  in 
frequency. 

At  this  stage  of  develop- 
ment the  rig  is  ready  to  go 
on  the  air.  Keep  in  mind 
that  the  zero-beat  frequen- 
cy is  the  transmit  frequency 


and  people  will  have  a  ten- 
dency to  move  in  that  direc- 
tion. Once  you  realize  that 
is  happening,  you  can  ask 
the  other  fellow  to  stay  a 
kHz  offset  from  your  trans- 
mitting frequency,  or  you 
can  simply  move  the  fine- 
tuning  knob  a  bit  when  you 
start  to  receive.  That's  a 
nuisance,  but  not  really  a 
big  problem  when  you  get 
used  to  it. 

Stage  Two  —  Some 
Convenience  Features 

There  are  a  lot  of  fea- 
tures which  can  be  added 
to  the  basic  transceiver  to 
increase  operating  conve- 
nience. The  most  appreciat- 
ed will  probably  be  a  means 
of  automaticaify  offsetting 
the  transmitter's  frequency 
from  the  receiver's  and  the 
sidetone  oscillator.  The 
receiver  performance  can 
be  increased  considerably 
by  removing  the  age  circuit- 


ry, which  is  now  responding 
to  the  bfo  instead  of  the 
other  station  anyway,  and 
controlling  the  rf  and  i-f 
gains  from  a  front-panel  po- 
tentiometer. There  are 
some  changes  which  can  be 
made  to  increase  the  sensi- 
tivity of  the  detector— 
mainly  the  removal  of  the 
noise  limiter.  Last  but  not 
least  is  the  addition  of  an 
active  audio  filter  to  give 
the  receiver  some  much 
needed  selectivity. 

The  way  to  offset  the  car- 
rier oscillator  is  shown  in 
Fig.  B.  If  you  examine  the 
printed  circuit  foil  closely, 
youil  find  that  this  same 
technique  was  destined  to 
be  used  on  the  10.24-MHz 
oscillator  as  a  receiver  off- 
set option.  Somehow  it 
seems  more  natural  to 
move  the  transmitted  fre- 
quency without  affecting 
the  receiver.  Depending  on 
the    characteristics    of    in- 


2&     73M^gaitne  •  July,  1982 


M/?SEA/  ANTENNAS  TRAVEL 
'N  THE  FAST  LANE 


RacB  car  communicotions 
demand  the  best  from  on  antenna 
under  some  of  the  worst  conditions. 
Split  second  decisions  require  reliable 
signais  at  exoeptionoiiy  high  speeds. 

Jhafs  why  iarsen  Antennas  are 
used  an  race  cars  at  the  Indy  500. 
Because  Larsen  Antennas  are 
designed  to  take  high  speed  with 
minimai  signal  distortion  Proving  they 
can  travel  In  the  fast  lane  without 
putting  a  drag  on  their  performance. 
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exclusive  Kulrod^  plating,  gives  your 
antenna  high  conductivity  to  assure 
that  maximum  power  goes  into 
communicafing  —  not  heat 

That  full  measure  of  performance 
goes  into  our  product  integrity  too. 
\Mth  a  no  nonsense  warranty  that 
won't  stow  you  down. 

So.  whether  ycxjte  following  the 
racing  circuit  or  a  local  rescue  effort, 
you1l  find  Larsen  Antennas  wilt  keep 
you  ahead  of  the  situation  with 
dependable  performance.  Ask  your 
favorite  Amateur  dealer  to 
demonstrate  how  you  can  hear  the 
difference  with  Larsen  Antennas^ 
Write  for  our  free  Amateur  catalog. 


'322 


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IN  USA:  LprsBn  f/ecfrqn/cs,  Inc. 
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263  E.  11  fh  Avenue,  UnftiOl 
Vancouver,  ac  VST2C4    PhonB  6Q4-B72-QB17 

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^S^  Lm  of  AdverUs^rs  oo  fiage  tT4 


73t^agazine  *  July,  1982     27 


Bottom  view.  Power  supply  module  in  place.  Rectangular  object  behind  the  transformer  is 
the  magnetic  shield  described  in  the  text  Power  supply  connecting  wires  are  left  long 
enough  to  allow  the  module  to  be  moved  for  circuit  board  servicing.  Note  that  the  cut-out 
portion  of  the  chassis  top  allows  for  dc  isolation  of  the  PC  board  ground. 


dividual  crystals,  there  may 
be  some  changes  required 
in  the  sizes  of  the  56,  39, 
and  20-pF  capacitors.  Those 
values  with  my  crystal  gave 
a  ±700-H2  offset.  The  cir- 
cuit shown  is  designed  to  be 
mated  with  voltages  avail- 
able from  the  break-in  se- 
quencing circuits  described 
later,  If  you  are  going  to  use 
a  mechanical  switch  for  the 
transmit-receive   change- 


over, then  the  circuit  of  Fig. 
&(b)  is  an  easy  means  of  get- 
ting the  two  controlling 
voltages. 

The  circuit  for  the  side- 
tone  oscillator  is  shown  in 
Fig.  9.  There  is  nothing  spe* 
cial  about  this  circuit  but  it 
does  use  few  parts  and 
draws  only  about  3  mA  of 
current.  The  tone  can  be  ad- 
justed by  changing  the  size 
of    the    220k    resistor    if 


desired.  The  oscillator  gen- 
erates a  sawtooth  which  is  a 

bit  harsh-sounding,  so  a 
low-pass  filter  comprised  of 
a  1  meg  resistor,  the  .OOl-uF 
capacitor,  and  the  270k 
resistor  is  used  to  smooth 
out  the  waveform.  There  is 
nothing  critical  about  any 
of  these  components  or  the 
transistors  used  and  value 
changes  of  as  much  as  30% 
will  probably  go  unnoticed. 


Several  changes  were 
made  to  the  detector  cir- 
cuitry to  make  it  more  suit- 
able for  CW  use.  The  "be- 
fore" and  "after"  schemat- 
ics are  shown  in  Fig.  10.  Two 
changes  are  clearly  needed: 
The  S-meter  and  age  are 
removed  because  they  now 
respond  to  the  bfo  signal  in- 
stead of  incoming  Morse 
signals.  This  was  particular- 
ly troublesome  since  the 
age  insisted  on  keeping  the 
receiver  gain  low,  and  so 
the  first  change  is  to  control 
the  age  line  with  a  front- 
panel  25k  pot.  (I  had  hoped 
that  this  control  wouldn't 
be  necessary  and  that  the 
receiver  could  be  set  for 
maximum  gain,  but  it  turns 
out  that  strong  signals  on 
nearby  frequencies,  i,e,, 
local  CBers  and  worse,  can 
cross-modulate  the  front 
end  and  show  up  in  the 
audio  output.  This  is  proba- 
bly due  to  using  the 
10.695-MHz  bfo  as  much  as 
poor  front-end  design.  In 
the  future,  I  want  to  try  ad- 
ding a  proper  455-kHz  bfo, 
but  for  now  I  can  signif- 
icantly reduce  the  problem 
by  using  the  if  gain  control 
and  switching  when  neces- 
sary to  a  horizontal  dipole. 
Most  CB  operation  is  with 
vertical  antennas,  so  the 
local  operators  are  at- 
tenuated by  3  or  4  S-units 
when  a  horizontal  antenna 
is  usedj 

Also  removed  from  the 
detector  circuit  is  the  noise 


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f/g.  70fa/  Detector  circuit  before  modification. 

28     7$  Magazine  •  July.  1982 


Fig,  10(bl  Detector  circuit  after  modifkation. 


limiter  consisting  of  RISS, 
R156.  CI  76,  and  D108. 
These  components  are  in  a 
rather  clever  arrangement 
which  clips  both  low-level 
fuzz  and  high-level  spikes. 
Interestingly,  the  circuit  on 
the  board  is  always  wired 
up  and  operating  and  it  was 
onfy  the  models  which  had 
the  provision  for  turning  the 
circuit  off  (by  putting  a 
switch  in  place  of  the 
jumper  J106)  that  adver- 
tised the  feature! 

The  squelch  Is  also  re- 
moved, but  the  squelch 
transistor,  Q120,  is  rewired 
as  an  emitter-follower  buf- 
fering the  audio  output  sig- 
nal. There  are  two  reasons 
for  this  addition.  It  was 
found  in  the  breadboard 
stage  that  the  original  vol- 
ume control  setup,  a  50k 
pot  from  CI 77  to  ground, 
was  susceptible  to  picking 
up  hum  as  I  probed  around 
the  circuit  board  with  a 
finger.  The  use  of  an  emit- 
ter-follower makes  it  possi- 
ble to  have  all  of  the  wires 
leaving  the  board  be  low- 
impedance  lines,  while  at 
the  same  time  the  high-im- 
pedance portions  of  the  cir- 
cuit are  kept  physically 
small,  which  means  that 
hum  is  much  less  of  a  prob- 
lem The  emitter-folfower  is 
also  a  good  interface  be- 
tween the  detector  and  the 
active  audio  filter.  As  can 
be  seen  in  Figs  T1(a)  and 
1 0(b),  the  same  B  +  decou- 
pling  circuit  is  used  to 
power  the  active  filter  and 
emitter- follower.  There  is  a 
lot  of  audio  gain  after  these 
circuits  and  a  well-filtered 
voltage  source  is  a  must  to 
prevent  audio  oscillations- 

The  audio  filter  design  is 
straight  from  Solid  State 
Design  for  the  Radio 
Amateur  (an  ARRL  publica- 
tion). A  peaked  low-pass 
characteristic  was  chosen 
because  of  its  high  attenua- 
tion above  the  cutoff  fre- 
quency. Two  sections  are 
used,  each  with  a  Q  near  5 
and  a  cutoff  frequency  of 
about  800  Hz;  the  overall 


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Fig.  11(a}.  Circuit  diagram  for  active  filter. 


frequency  response  is 
shown  in  Fig,  11(b).  The  two 
op  amps  are  operated  be- 
tween ground  and  the 
12-volt  supply,  with  the  in- 
put signal  being  biased  at  6 
volts  by  the  emitter- 
follower.  This  arrangement 
saves  the  several  resistors 
which  would  otherwise  be 
necessary  to  derive  the  bias 
voltage.  The  output  of  the 
filter  is  fed  to  the  volume 
control  through  a  15k  resis- 
tor, thus  providing  some  at- 
tenuation to  compensate 
for  the  peaking  above  unity 
gain  which  occurs  at  the 
cutoff  frequency. 

The  15k  value  was 
chosen  so  that  the  speaker 
level  of  an  800- Hz  tone  is 
approximately  the  same 
either  with  or  without  the 
filter  being  used.  The 
resistor  also  serves  the  pur* 
pose  of  providing  a  high- 
output  impedance  for  the 
filter  — when  the  filter  is 
switched  "out/'  what  ac- 
tually happens  is  that  the 
low-impedance  output  of 
the  emitter-follower  at- 
tenuates the  filter  output 
into  insignificance.  The 
audio  from  the  volume  con- 
trol is  fed  into  the  IC  audio 
amplifier  as  indicated  in 
Figs.  9  and  11  The  filter  is 
quite  a  help  when  the  band 
gets  crowded,  often  making 
otherwise  impossible  con-^ 
tacts  easy  copy.  With  the 
filter  switched  out  it  is  easy 
to  quickly  scan  the  band  us- 
ing only  the  channel  switch 
since  even  signals  several 
kHz  from  bfo  zero  beat  can 
then  be  copied. 


The  rf  voltmeter  shown 
in  the  photographs  was  in- 
troduced simply  by  insert- 
ing parts  into  the  proper 
holes  on  the  circuit  board. 
This  was  another  feature 
not  wired  until  the  last 
stages  of  manufacture.  The 
only  departure  I  made  from 
the  Hy-Cain  layout  is  the 
replacement  of  the  variable 
resistor  tRvl04)  on  the  cir- 
cuit board)  with  a  fixed  15k 
unit  That  gives  about  half 
scale  on  my  meter,  a  -5-mA 
unit  with  five  Watts  of  out- 
put. You  can  change  this  as 
necessary  to  fit  the  meter 
you  choose.  The  circuit, 
shown  in  Fig.  12,  has  alO-uF 
capacitor  to  filter  the  rec- 
tified waveshape  so  that 
the  pointer  won't  slam  back 
and  forth  with  keying. 

Stage  Three  — Full  Break-in 

Full  break-in  CW  opera- 
tion is  something  that  few 
newer  hams  have  experi- 
enced, principally  because 
many  amateur  transceivers 
are  designed  with  sideband 
in  mind  and  CW  added  as  a 
"tack-on/'  With  full  break- 
in  it  is  possible  to  hear  the 
other  fellow  sending  when- 
ever your  key  is  up,  even  in 
the  middle  of  a  letter.  When 
the  stations  at  both  ends  of 
a  QSO  have  breakin  capa- 
bility,  the  conversation  is 


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Fig.  n(b).  Measured  perfor- 
mance of  fitter, 

very  much  more  natural 
than  the  usual  segmented 
contact.  Break-in  is  also  a 
good  operating  feature:  It's 
much  easier  to  make  and 
continue  QSOs  under  dif- 
ficult conditions  when  you 
can  hear  what's  going  on 
during  your  transmission. 

The  big  problem  with  get- 
ting a  transceiver  to  oper- 
ate full  break-in  success- 
fully is  the  elimination  of 
clicks  and  thumps  in  the  re- 
ceiver as  the  rig  is  switched 
rapidly  between  transmit- 
ting and  receiving.  Many 
things  must  occur  in  an 
ordered  sequence  as  the  rig 
is  keyed.  When  the  key  is 
closed,  the  receiver  must  be 
biased  off —the  rf  amplifier 
must  be  disabled,  the  age 
turned  down,  perhaps  an  i-f 
stage  muted  as  welL  Any 
frequency  offset  in  the  vfo 
must   be  done  before  the 


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Fig.  12.  Rf  voltmeter  added  by  putf/ng  parts  into  the  ap- 
propriate positions  on  the  PC  board. 

73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     29 


The  power  supply  module  removed  horn  the  main  chassis  to  show  construction.  The 
aluminum  braciiet  is  1/8''  thick  and  transfers  the  power  dissipated  from  the  IC  regulator  into 
the  main  chassis. 


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Fig.  13(al  Block  diagram  of  break^in  timing  system  shown  /n 
receive  mode.  Note  that  voltage  C  is  inverse  of  voltage  B. 


transmitter  comes  on,  and 
some  sidetone  must  be  in- 
serted into  the  audio  ampli* 
fier.  The  rf  envelope  must 
come  up  smootlilY  to  avoid 
over-the-air  clicks,  When 
the  key  is  raised,  nothing 
should  happen  until  the  rf 
output  has  smoothly  died 
away;  then  the  vfo  shift 
must  be  reinstituled  and 
the  receiver  reactivated. 
Most    importantly,    all    of 


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FROM  GiOfi 


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TEIIMIMALS 


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Fig.  73fbJ.  Schematic  diagram  of  break-in  timing  system.  The  transistors  are  general-purpose 
low  power  types. 

dO     73  Magazine  •  JulyJ9a2 


these  big  shifts  in  operating 
condition  should  occur 
rapidly,  yet  without  causing 
undue  disturbances  in  the 
output  audio.  Ideally,  the 
operator  listening  to  the 
receiver  would  hear  his  own 
keying  fust  as  if  it  were 
coming  from  another  sta- 
tion over  the  air.  A  very 
good  break-in  system  is  dif- 
ficult to  come  by,  and  the 
circuits  worked  out  for  this 
application,  while  not  pro- 
viding perfect  break-in,  cer- 
tainly provide  acceptable 
performance. 

The  heart  of  the  break-in 

circuitry,  shown  in  Fig.  13, 
requires  the  addition  of 
three  transistors  labeled 
Q1,  Q2,  and  Q3.  When  the 
key  is  closed  (keying  cur- 
rent is  7  mA,  which  should 
be  compatible  with  any 
keyer),  Q107  is  turned  on  di* 
rectly  and  its  output  turns 
on  the  transmitter  and  turns 
off  the  receiver  audio  with 
a  circuit  which  will  be  de- 
scribed  shortly.  The  ground- 
ed keying  terminal  also  pro- 
vides a  rapid  discharge  path 
for  the  47'uF  capacitor. 
Notice  that  while  this 
capacitor  can  discharge 
through  the  signal  diode,  it 
must  recharge  more  slowly 
through  a  10k  resistor.  That 
inequality  wilt  provide  a 
30-m5  recovery  delay  to 
keep  the  receiver  off  until 
the  transmitter  output  has 
decayed  completely  away. 
The  voltage  across  the 
4.7-uF  capacitor  drives  the 
base  of  Q1 ,  and  the  emitter 
of  that  transistor  is  biased 
at  about  2,4  volts  by  a  for- 
ward-biased diode  and  an 
LED  (which  serves  double 
duty  as  a  front-panel  power 
indicator).  As  the  voltage  at 
the  base  of  Q1  rises  and 
falls  past  3  volts  or  so,  the 
transistor  turns  on  and  oft 
switching  in  turn  Q2  and 
Q3.  The  timing  waveforms 
are  shown  in  Fig.  13(c),  with 
the  exception  of  voltage  B, 
which  does  pretty  much  the 
opposite  of  voltage  C*  The 
important  fact  to  note  is 
that  while  ail  three  of  these 
controlling  voltages  switch 


simultaneously  at  key- 
down,  only  the  collector 
voltage  of  Q107  switches 
immediately  at  key-up.  As 
shown  in  Fig.  13tc),  the 
30-ms  delay  gives  plenty  of 
time  for  the  transmitter  to 
get  off  the  atr  before  the  re- 
ceiver is  turned  back  on. 
Also  indicated  in  Fig.  13(b) 
and  Fig.  16  is  where  the 
three  controlling  voltages 
go  in  the  rig  as  a  whole. 

The  sequencing  circuits 
just  described  give  plenty 
of  receiver  protection  dur- 
ing keying,  but  unfortunate- 
ly they  are  not  thumpless. 
Some  additional  quieting 
was  achieved  with  the  addi* 
tion  of  the  simple  audio 
blanker  shown  in  Fig.  14. 
Tve  used  this  system  for 
several  months  and  find  its 
performance  quite  accep- 
table. Being  a  bit  of  a 
perfectionist  however,  I 
have  looked  into  the 
reasons  for  the  remaining 
thumps  The  complete  cure 
would  seem  to  require  a 
soft  exponential  transition 
of  perhaps  10-ms  time  cons- 
tant on  all  of  the  keying 
waveforms  controlling  the 
receiver.  The  rf  amplifier 
bias,  second  i-f  bias,  and 
age  line  inputs  are  relative- 
ly easy  to  filter  by  the  addi- 
tion of  the  proper  capac- 
itors, but  vco  buffer  B  + 
must  be  powered  from  a 
low-impedance  source  dur- 
ing transmit  and  so  would 
require  either  the  addition 
of  another  transistor  or  a 
change  in  the  timing  cir- 
cuits to  ensure  that  the 
receiver  is  off  when  buffer 
B+  is  stepped  up  or  down, 
Turning  the  receiver  off  ex- 
ponentially may  require  a 
different  sequencing  circuit 
in  any  case  to  delay  the 
transmitter  turn-on.  The 
system  described  in  Fig.  13 
works  fine,  but  if  you  enjoy 
experimenting,  you  might 
look  into  some  variations. 

One  last  hint  on  reducing 
keying   noise:    Be   sure   to 

return  the  speaker  ground 
wire  to  the  circuit  board  as 
closely  as  possible  to  the 
ground  pin  of  the  audio  IC. 


This  will  be  pin  2  if  the  IC  is 
a  BA521  or  pin  9  if  it  is  a 
TA7205.  Otherwise,  the 
heavy  transmitter  keying 
current  (around  1  Amp)  can 
couple  into  the  speaker  wir- 
ing and  cause  a  click  that  is 
not  muted  by  the  receiver 
gain  control. 

Odds  and  Ends— Power 
Supply,  Cabinet,  Future 
Work 

All  in  all,  this  makes  a 
very  nice  little  CW  rig.  The 
only  reason  it  might  be 
classified  as  a  toy  is  that  it  is 
so  inexpensive  to  get  on  the 
air  If  your  junk  box  con- 
tained several  old  transistor 
radios,  the  total  cash  outlay 
for  the  project  to  this  point 
should  be  something  less 
than  $20.  I  built  the  rig  to 
this  level  and  used  it  for 
about  a  month  before  de- 
ciding on  a  cabinet  The 
construction  for  the  final 
enclosure  is  pretty  well  ex- 
plained by  the  photo- 
graphs. The  board  was 
mounted  into  the  top  sur- 
face of  a  7"  X  7"  X  2" 
chassis,  front,  back,  and 
bottom  plates  were  added, 
and  a  U-shaped  cover  was 
fabricated  to  form  the  top 
and  sides.  A  2  Vi"  x  4"  oval 
speaker  rescued  from  a 
junk  TV  set  was  mounted 
behind  a  grid  of  holes 
drilled  in  the  top  of  the  U. 
The  holes  were  drilled  using 
a  piece  of  scrap  perfboard 
as  a  guide— that  made  it 
easy  to  get  such  a  nice  even 
array.  A  piece  of  thin  black 
cloth  contact-cemented 
over  the  holes  from  the  rear 
(after  painting  the  box)  pro- 
tects the  speaker  from  dust 
and  dirt.  The  U-shaped 
piece  happens  to  be  a  sec- 
tion cut  from  a  large  steel 
chassis  bottom  plate  so  1 
was  able  to  solder  nuts  to 
the  underside  as  anchors 
for  the  speaker  mounting 
clamps. 

It  is  certainly  a  conve- 
nience to  have  a  built-in  ac- 
operated  power  supply,  and 
with  any  number  of  ex- 
cellent IC  regulators 
available  for  a  couple  of 


Fig.  TJfcJf.  Timing  waveforms.  Horizontal  scale  is  70  ms  per 
division;  character  shown  is  one  dot  at  30-wpm  rate.  Trace  1 
is  key-up  position;  2  is  key  down;  3  is  +8  volts  and  4  is 
ground  (voltage  A,  Q107  collector};  5  is  +8  volts  and  6  is 

ground  (voltage  C  Q3  collector);  7  is  rf  envelope  output,  50 
volts/div.,  62-Ohm  dummy  load. 


dollars,  it  seemed  a  shame 
to  tie  up  a  bench  supply. 
The  power  supply  shown  in 
the  photographs  was  built 
around  a  transformer  and 
regulator  found  in  my  junk 
box.  The  circuit  suggested 
in  Fig.  1 5  will  fit  in  the  same 
space  and  shouldn't  cost 
more  than  $1 5  if  you  buy  all 
new  parts. 


As  can  be  seen  in  the 
photographs,  the  power 
supply  is  built  as  a  separate 
module.  The  aluminium 
bracket  is  fashioned  from 
part  of  an  old  1/8"  thick 
rack  panel  and  fits  up 
against  the  insides  of  the 
main  chassis  which  then 
serves  as  a  heat  sink.  To 
provide  for  portable  opera- 


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Tig.  14.  Audio  blanker  circuit 


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AC 


Fig.  15,  Suggested  circuit  for  ac-operated  power  supply. 
Output  voltage  should  be  no  lower  than  12  to  12.5  volts  at 
1.5  Amps  of  load  current  Output  voltage  may  be  adjusted 
by  making  small  changes  in  Rl, 

73  Magazine  •  Jufy.  1982     31 


il 


The  rear  panel  The  antenna  shield  is  ac  coupled  to  the  circuit  board  ground.  Note  the 
isolating  washer  around  the  external  speaker  jack. 


tion  with  an  external  12'Volt 

battery,  a  DPDT  switch  and 
male  jack  are  mounted  on 
the  rear  of  the  set  to  select 
the  desired  power  source. 
Note  in  Fig.  16  that  the 
power  switch  on  the  back 
of  the  volume  control  is 
also  a  DPDT  unit  and  that 
this  allows  switching  of 
both  the  ac  and  dc  power 
lines  so  that  the  switch  will 
work  with  either  internal  or 
external  supplies. 

What  is  not  clear  in  the 
photographs  or  schematics 
is  that  the  entire  enclosure 
is  isolated  by  capacitors 
from  the  circuit  board's  dc 
ground.  This  feature  could 
prevent  some  fireworks  if 
you  used  the  rig  in  a  car 
with  a  positive  ground  elec- 
trical system!  The  dc  isola- 
tion is  provided  for  on  the 
board  by  separate  foil 
mounting  pads,  but  you 
have  to  be  careful  to  use 
isolating  washers  when 
mounting  the  key  and  head- 
phone jacks. 

While  on  the  subject  of 
power  supplies,  a  word  or 

32     73 Magazine  *  JulyJ9e2 


two  about  dc  supply  volt- 
age is  in  order.  The  trans- 
mitter rf  output  will  vary 
from  set  to  set  because  of 
transistor  differences,  but  it 
will  always  go  up  with  in- 
creased supply  voltage. 
With  my  transmitter,  11 
volts  gives  3  Watts,  1 2  volts 
gives  4  Watts,  1 4  volts  gives 
5  Watts,  and  15  volts  gives 
5.5  Watts  of  transmitter 
output.  My  power  supply  is 
set  to  deliver  12.7  volts  on 
receive  and  this  falls  to  12 
volts  on  transmit  because 
of  the  1.5-Amp  current 
drain.  Going  to  a  15-volt 
supply  would  provide  an  ex- 
tra Watt  and  a  half  of  out- 
put, but  that  is  only  1.4  dB 
or  less  than  V4  of  an  S-unit 
worth  of  signal  gain.  You 
will  notice  in  the  photo- 
graphs that  the  output  tran- 
sistor's heat  sink  is  not  at- 
tached to  the  cabinet  wall 
as  intended  for  the  CB  ap- 
plication With  a  12-volt 
supply,  the  final  stage  input 
is  about  11  Watts,  and  with 
4  Watts  of  output  power, 
that  leaves  7  Watts  of  heat 


to  be  dissipated  by  the  heat 
sink.  After  a  long  transmis- 
sion, the  heat  sink  gets 
warm  to  the  touch  though 
not  uncomfortably  so. 
Higher  input  power  would 
probably  require  that  some 
attention  be  paid  to  this 
heat  sink  as  welt  as  the  pow* 
er  supply.  All  in  all,  it 
doesn't  seem  worth  the 
trouble  for  less  than  Vi  of 
an  S-unit- 

Whenever  a  power  trans- 
former is  mounted  in  close 
proximity  to  sensitive  cir- 
cuits, the  possibility  exists 
of  magnetically  coupling 
60-Hz  hum  into  the  signal 
path.  For  this  reason,  the 
transformer  was  mounted 
as  far  as  possible  from  the 
audio  section  of  the  printed 
circuit  board.  Despite  this 
precaution,  there  was  a 
noticeable  amount  of  hum 
modulating  the  received 
signaEs  whenever  the  inter- 
nal supply  was  used.  This 
problem  was  completely 
cured  by  shielding  the  cir- 
cuit board  from  the  trans- 
former with  a2Vir'  X  aVa" 


plate  of  sheet  steel.  As  can 
be  seen  in  the  under-chassis 
photograph,  this  shield  is 
mounted  directly  between 
the  power  transformer  and 
the  circuit  board  with  a 
slightly  larger  rectangle  of 
thin  cardboard  between  the 
shield  and  circuitry  to  pre- 
vent shorting  the  PC  runs 
together.  The  longer  wire 
ends  protruding  below  the 
PC  card  were  also  trimmed 
with  a  pair  of  side  cutters  to 
keep  them  from  wearing 
their  way  through  the  card- 
board- The  shield  is  held  in 
place  by  a  nut  soldered  to 
one  corner  which  is  en- 
gaged by  one  of  the  screws 
holding  the  circuit  board  to 
the  chassis. 

The  conversion  steps 
described  in  this  article  are 
mostly  simple  circuit 
changes,  but  they  often  re- 
quire the  addition  of  sever- 
al parts  to  the  modified  cir- 
cuit If  you  haven't  worked 
much  with  printed  circuit 
boards,  you  may  wonder 
how  additional  parts  can  be 
added  to  an  existing  foil 
pattern.  Actually,  there  are 
several  ways  to  accomplish 
that  feat. 

First,  there  are  lots  of 
unused  foil  islands  on  this 
board.  Most  of  these  were 
supposed  to  be  used  in  the 
addition  of  optional  fea- 
tures and  so  are  available  to 
use  when  making  circuit  ad- 
ditions. 

Next,  there  is  a  lot  that 
can  be  done  to  add  parts  by 
modifying  existing  foil  runs. 

Often  in  changing  a  circuit 
a  long  foil  run  is  freed  up 
when  the  component  or  cir- 
cuit at  one  end  is  no  longer 
needed,  A  sharp  knife  can 
be  used  to  cut  and  remove 
a  short  section  to  open  the 
circuit,  and  then  the  re- 
mainder of  the  run  can  be 
sectioned  into  several  other 
islands.  To  make  connec- 
tion to  these  islands,  a  small 
hole  can  be  drilled  next  to 
the  foil  (runs  are  so  narrow 
that  drilling  a  hole  through 
them  can  ruin  them)  and 
the  paint  scraped  off  the 
copper  to  permit  soldering. 


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51 


MICROLOG 


See  List  of  Advertisers  on  page  TM 


INNOVATORS  IN  DIGITAL  COMMUNICATIONS 

73 Magazine  •  July,  1962    33 


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Fig.  16.  Block  diagram  oi  the  converted  transceiver. 


Be  sure  to  leave  the  section 
of  copper  long  enough  that 
the  whole  strip  won't  come 
unglued  when  you  solder  to 
it  Remember  that  for  modi- 
fication purposes  the  pri- 
mary need  is  for  compo- 
nent support  since  the  ac- 
tual circuit  connections  can 
be  made  with  small  in- 
sulated jumpers.  To  pro- 
vide adequate  support,  it  is 
not  necessary  that  each  of  a 
component's  leads  be  an- 
chored to  the  foil.  It  is  quite 
acceptable,  for  example,  to 
have  a  small  resistor  stand- 
ing upright  with  only  one 
end  actually  soldered  to  the 
board  and  the  top  end  con- 
nected elsewhere  with  a 
jumper. 

It  is  also  possible  to 
make  connections  by  sol- 
dering new  leads  to  other 
wires  where  they  come  out 
on  the  top  of  the  circuit 
board,  though  this  tech- 
nique is  less  desirable 
because  it  can  mean  that  to 
disconnect  one  component 
may  require  unsoldering 
several 

The  principal  thing  to  re- 
member when  you're  look- 

34     73  Magazine  •  July  J  962 


ing  for  a  way  to  add  a  com- 
ponent is  that  you're  modi- 
fying the  board,  not  manu- 
facturing it.  Amateurs  often 
unconsciously  accept  the 
manufacturer's  techniques 
as  ideal  standards  when  ac- 
tually  the  manufacturer 
laid  out  the  board  the  way  it 
is  only  so  that  it  could  be 
built  efficiently  and  reliably 
by  the  people  and  ma- 
chines on  his  production 
line.  The  techniques  sug- 
gested  here,  while  certainly 
not  as  efficient  in  construe* 
tion  time,  can  be  just  as  reli- 
able as  the  manufacturer's 
if  they  are  applied  neatly 
and  carefully.  Take  the 
time  to  make  good  neat  sol- 
der joints.  If  a  part  seems 
loose  on  top  of  the  board  or 
a  component  wire  has  to 
support  a  heavy  mass,  use  a 
dab  of  epoxy  to  help  carry 
the  load.  A  lot  of  the  probh 
lems  I  had  with  these 
boards  were  due  to  some- 
thing like  a  support  wire  on 
one  of  the  output  coils 
coming  loose  on  the  under- 
side of  the  board  and  caus- 
ing  intermittent  open  cir- 
cuits. A  little  care  in  con- 


struction can  make  a  big 
difference  in  reliability. 

This  project  got  started 
because  the  basic  circuit 
board  was  so  cheap  that  I 
jUSt  had  to  find  a  use  for  it. 
The  guiding  philosophy  has 
been  to  keep  the  cost  down 
by  avoiding  expensive  or  ex- 
otic parts.  There  are  no 
crystals  to  be  ordered  and 
no  strange  ICs  you  have  to 
mail  away  for;  if  your  junk 
box  doesn't  have  what  you 
need,  the  local  parts  store 
probably  does.  This  design 
approach  has  produced  a 
rig  whose  performance  is 
better  than  1  had  expected, 
but  there  are  still  improve- 
ments to  be  made  by  the  ex- 
perimenter.  The  thing 
which  has  the  biggest  pay- 
off potential  is  an  improved 
bfo.  The  10.695-MHz  tech- 
nique works,  but  the  bfo 
signal  passes  through  all  of 
the  i-f  stages  of  the  receiver 
and  that  puts  a  limit  on  the 
i-f  gain  usable  (before  the 
receiver  chokes  on  its  own 
bfo)  and  probably  gener* 
ates  some  spurious  re- 
sponses as  well.  A  bfo  at 
455  kHz  has  several  advan* 


tages  aside  from  the  i-f  con- 
siderations: The  detector 
stage    could    be    replaced 

with  one  of  the  simpler 
product  detectors  for  bet- 
ter linearity,  a  separate  age 
detector  could  be  included 
and  the  age  put  back  into 
service,  and  (though  much 
less  important)  the  S-meter 
could  be  hooked  back  up. 
There  are  two  ways  to  go 
about  adding  the  bfo— with 
and  without  a  crystal  If  you 
have  or  can  get  a  455-kHz 
crystal,  you're  all  set  other* 
wise,  you  might  try  making 
a  free-running  oscillator 
with  an  old  i-f  transformer. 
The  free-running  version 
may  work  fine  — after  all, 
the  frequency  is  low  and 
drift  certainly  isn't  the  prob- 
lem it  used  to  be  in  the  vac- 
uum  tube  days. 

In  closing  I  would  like  to 
express  my  appreciation  for 
the  photography  and  help 
with  the  text  tendered  by 
Steve  W1CSL.  In  a  project 
of  this  size,  it  is  easy  to  get 
lost  in  small  details,  so  an 
impartial  but  informed  ob- 
server is  an  invaluable 
aid.B 


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73  Magazine  •  July.  1982 


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73Magazine  •  July.  1982     37 


Chm  Brown  KA1D 
PO  Box  4B5 
Croton  MA  01450 


Hands  Across  the  Water 

CW  lives  on  historic  Cape  Cod 


The  operator  casually 
twirls  the  passband 
control  of  a  %7fiOO  Wat  kins 
Johnson  receiver  as  he 
peels  another  CW  signal  off 
the  side  of  a  noisy  pileup. 
He's  been  at  it  — slapping 
out  20-word-per-minute  CW 
—  for  almost  eight  hours 
now.  Soon  his  shift  will  be 
over  and  someone  else  will 
take  his  place. 

As  he  concludes  another 
contact,  he  habitually  spins 
the    antenna    switch,    sam- 


CALL 


NAME 


KB1AO 

Rgnald  Farris 

N1AVT 

Waiter  Doucette,  Jr 

K1GRM 

James  Richards 

W1JE 

Wi    am  Fisbback 

W1KL 

Wi  liam  Ryder 

K1LJS 

Lewis  Massan 

W1SCD 

William  Pyne 

WAisrv 

Timothy  Call 

K1TV 

Ralph  Siebert 

K1WF 

William  Fafris,  Jr. 

K1WT 

Wallace  Turzyn 

KA1YT 

Phillip  Davis 

W4GEX 

Robert  Nofloff 

fig.  7,  List  of  hams  working 
at  WCC 

38     73Magaiine  •  July,  1982 


pling  the  various  rhombics 
he  uses  for  receiving  while 
trying  to  pull  yet  another 
signal  up  out  of  the  pack 
that  has  zero-beat  on  top  of 
him,  Europe,  the  Med,  the 
Persian  Gulf,  Africa,  the 
South  Atlantic  — as  the 
rhomb ics  click  by,  one  sig- 
nal finally  surfaces  above 
the  rest. 


Tapping  his  bug  in  re- 
sponse, the  operator  keys 
his  remote  transmitter. 
From  the  shore  of  a  sleepy 
tidal  marsh  green  with  sea 
grass  five  miles  away,  his 
antennas  —  mostly  dou- 
blets, dipoles,  and  curtains 
—  march  out  toward  the 
rolling  Atlantic,  Two  4-500s 
drive  two  4- 5000s  and  his 


Fig,  2  In  this  rustic,  ivy-covered  huilding  with  a  history  as 
hng  as  radio  communication  itselt  900  messages  a  day  are 
handled  by  21  professional  CW  operators,  almost  half  of 
whom  are  han\s. 


signal  is  easily  heard  on  the 
other  side  of  the  world. 

After  a  brief  exchange  of 
formalities,  the  text  of  a 
message  is  passed  between 
another  ship  at  sea  and  the 
largest  and  oldest  commer- 
cial CW  station  stilt  operat- 
ing in  the  United  States: 
RCA  Clobecom's  WCC.  In  a 
few  minutes  the  shift  will 
end,  the  paddle  will  be 
passed,  and  another  watch 
in  the  life  of  a  professional 
CW  operator  will  come  to 
an  end  on  Cape  Cod. 

Back  In  Time 

Visiting  WCC,  RCA's  ma- 
rine message-handling  sta- 
tion in  the  town  of 
Chatham,  Massachusetts,  a 
good  ways  out  on  Cape 
Cod,  is  like  taking  a  trip 
back  through  time  Once 
there,  youVe  back  in  the 
Golden  Age  of  shortwave 
radio  communications.  The 
rustic  ivy-covered  brick 
buildings,  erected  by  the 
Marconi  Company  in  1914 
[only  eleven  years  after  the 
first    transoceanic    radio 


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73  Magazine  •  July  J  982    39 


Fig,  1  At  a  remote  transmitter  site  on  the  edge  of  a  tidal 
marsh.  WCC's  antennas  march  out  toward  the  Atlantic 
Ocean.  These  doublets  and  dipoles  are  fed  with  WkW  of  ri 
on  6,  8,  12,  16,  and  21  megahertz. 


message  was  sent  from 
nearby  South  Wellfleet), 
are  still  intact  Most  stand 
vacant  now,  victims  oi  a 
technology  to  which  they 
helped  give  birth.  One, 
however,  is  as  busy  as  ever. 

Though  methods  of  long- 
range  radio  communica- 
tions  have  changed  drasti- 
cally during  the  last  60 
years,  the  nobility  of  WCC 
remains.  This  station,  which 
once  provided  weather  in- 
formation for  Charies  Lind- 
bergh, maintained  contact 
with  Richard  Byrd  on  his  ill- 
fated  trek  to  the  pole,  and 
monitored,  then  lost,  Amel- 
ia Earhart's  distant  trans- 
missions, has  survived.  And. 
in  spite  of  the  pressures  for 
modernization,  develop- 
ment, and  progress  sur- 
rounding them,  these  build- 
ings, like  the  CW  they  shel- 
ter, are  holding  their  ground 
in  1982. 

What  impresses  most  on 
a  visit  to  WCC  is  the  fact 
that  in  this  high-speed, 
packet  radio,  orbiting-satel- 
tite  world  we  live  in,  there  is 
still  a  place  where  the 
Morse  code  is  hammered 
out  twenty-four  hours  a 
day,  for  a  profit 

Edgar  Hammons,  manag- 
er of  WCC:  'Wefl,  though 
we've  seen  a  gradual  de- 
cline over  the  last  four 
years  in  the  number  of  CW 
messages  we  handle,  we're 
still  quite  busy.''  Though  it 

40     73 Magazine   •July,  1382 


may  be  on  the  decline,  the 
WCC  CW  traffic  list  is, 
nonetheless,  impressive. 
During  the  course  of  one 
twenty-four-hour  operating 
day,  900  messages  will  be 
handled  by  WCC  —  most  of 
them  on  CW,  In  rotating 
shifts,  the  station's  21  CW 
operators  provide  thou- 
sands of  ships  at  sea  with  a 
reliable  and  inexpensive 
means  of  contacting  their 
home  offices- 

"Satellites  and  digital 
communications  are  fine/' 
says  Hammons,  but,  he 
adds,  ''they  are  also  ex- 
tremely expensive  to  install 
and  maintain/'  A  modern 
shipboard  satellite  terminal 
can  cost  a  ship  owner  over 
$50,000.  As  a  result,  many 
owners  cling  to  CW  and 
WCC  as  their  only  reliable 
communications  link. 

In  addition  to  conven- 
tional CW,  WCC  offers  cus- 
tomers with  the  proper 
equipment  SITOR  commu- 
nications services.  SITOR 
(Simplex  Telex  Over  Radio) 
operates  as  an  answer-back 
RTTY  system.  Running  at  75 
baud  (50  wpm),  SITOR 
transmitters  and  receivers 
at  WCC  echo  message  char- 
acters back  to  the  ships  that 
transmitted  them.  The  re- 
sult is  error-free  automated 
copy.  In  some  instances, 
SITOR-equipped  ships  and 
their  home  offices  can  be 
connected  directly  through 
WCC  for  more  private  (and 


Fig.  4.  A  new  sign  welcomes  visiting  amateurs  to  RCA's 
oldest  commercial  radio  facility. 


expedient)  communica- 
tions. A  three-minute 
SITOR  exchange  with  WCC 
costs  an  American  ship 
about  $9,  a  substantial  sav- 
ings over  the  CW  rate  which 
is  based  on  a  52<f-per-word 
charge. 

For  the  time  being,  how- 
ever, CW  is  still  the  main- 
stay of  WCC  operations. 
After  the  hourly  traffic  list 
is  broadcast  by  the  station 
on  the  4-,  8-,  12%  16-,  and 
22- meg  a  hertz  marine 
bands,  CW  signals  pile  up 
for  each  of  the  eight  opera- 
tors manning  the  shift. 
Once  he  establishes  con- 
tact with  a  ship,  a  WCC  op- 
erator  types  the  text  of  the 
message  he  has  received  or 
sends  the  text  of  the  mes- 
sage he  is  holding.  Received 
messages  at  WCC  are 
passed  to  one  of  three  print- 
er clerks  via  a  small  convey- 
or belt.  The  printer  clerks 
then  key  the  typewritten 
messages  into  a  teleprinter 
that  connects  directly  to  an 
RCA  message-center  com- 
puter in  New  lersey.  At  this 
point,  the  computer  takes 
over  and  automatically 
telexes  the  message  to  its 
final  destination. 

The  obvious  thing  about 
WCC's  message-handling 
procedures  is  that  they  are 
highly  labor  intensive:  It 
takes  a  lot  of  people  to  get 
a   message   delivered.   Ac- 


cording to  manager  Mam- 
mons, however,  staffing  the 
station  poses  little  problem, 
despite  its  location  on 
remote  Cape  Cod,  "We 
have  no  openings  here  at 
present/'  says  Mammons, 
"although  we  frequently 
do.  In  fact/'  he  adds,  "I 
have  two  applications  for 
CW  operator  in  my  desk 
drawer  right  now.  Tell  your 
readers  that  I'm  always 
glad  to  get  new  applica- 
tions, though/' 

WCC's  operating  staff 
numbers  34;  21  are  CW  op- 
erators, nine  are  marine 
telex  clerks,  and  four  are 
technicians.  There  are  13 
hams  on  the  staff  (See  Ftg. 
11  almost  40%  of  the  total 
employees!  The  starting  sal- 
ary for  a  CW  operator  is  ap- 
proximately $23,000  per 
year  and  the  present  con- 
tract calls  for  10%  yearly 
increases  in  wages. 

Where  does  WCC  find 
professional  CW  aficiona- 
dos to  man  its  station?  Basi- 
cally, there  are  two  sources. 
Station  operators  come 
from  the  ranks  of  the  mili- 
tary or  from  the  ranks  of 
amateur  radio.  Of  the  21 
full-time  CW  operators  at 
WCC,  eight  are  hams  In  ad- 
dition, all  four  technicians 
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day equipment  mainte- 
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Fig.  5.  K1  TV  manning  the  SITOR  trdnsmitter 


Fig.  6.  A  typical  WCC  operating  position.  Emphasis  is  put  on 
receiver  performance  and  typing  ability. 


hams  operating  at  WCC  in- 
cludes a  second  class  com- 
mercial telegraph  license 
and  a  welt-worn  Vibroplex 
bug  Hand  keys  are  avail- 
able at  each  operating  posi- 
tion, but,  in  3  partial  con- 
cession to  modern ity.  most 
operators  prefer  to  use  their 
own  mechanical  keyer.  No 
electronic  keyers  are  in  evi- 
dence, although  one  ham 
on  the  staff  has  been  experi- 
menting with  the  use  of  a 
CW  keyboard, 

Traffic  at  WCC  is  usually 
passed  at  around  15  words 
per  minute  but,  in  some 
cases,  more  slowly  if  the 
shipboard  operator  is  not 
up  to  speed  with  the  WCC 
crew,  The  quality  of  the 
code  coming  into  WCQ 
both  in  tone  and  in  style, 
varies.  Some  shipboard  sig- 
nals chirp  like  late-night 
Russian  DX  on  40  meters, 

42     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


and  some  of  the  fists  send- 
ing these  signals  are  straight 
out  of  the  Novice  bands. 

Through  it  all,  however, 
the  cool  professionalism  of 
the  WCC  crew  prevails  It  is 
only  rarely  that  the  text  of  a 
message  must  be  repeated 
by  a  tired  operator  in  a  dis- 
tant port  of  cal 


The  Future  at  WCC 

The  future  of  WCC  as  a 
CW  operation  is  open  to 
question.  Ed  Mammons, 
conceding  that  CW  is  being 
eclipsed  by  the  more  cost- 
effective  SITOR  system, 
thinks  CW  will  be  around 
for  some  time,  however.  "I 
believe  that  we  will  always 
have  Morse  code/'  he  said, 
adding  that  'eventually  it 
may  not  be  the  biggest  seg- 
ment of  our  business/' 
Hammons  went  on  to  say 
that    SITOR    is   gaining    in 


Fig.  7.  Outgoing  traffic  is  posted  on  the  WCC  message 
board.  Betvi/een  700  and  TOOO  pieces  of  traffic  are  handled 
on  a  typical  day. 


popularity  rapidly  and  that, 
at  present,  WCC  is  handling 
a  new  ship  on  SITOR  almost 
every  day. 

For  the  CW  operators  at 
WCC,  all  of  whom  take 
turns  babysitting  the  SITOR 
equipment  now  and  then, 
CW  remains  more  than  a 
business,  for  most,  it  is  a 
passion.  One  of  them  who 
argued  most  adamantly  for 
the  maintenance  of  high- 
quality  standards  on  CW,  as 
well  as  for  the  retention  of 
CW  as  a  requirement  for 
amateur  licensing,  was  not 
even  a  ham.  He  simply  felt 
that  CW  was  '^something 
special,  something  human" 
in  our  digitally-automated 
world  of  tomorrow. 

Sentimentality  aside,  the 
fact  remains  that  a  substan* 
tial  portion  of  the  message 
traffic  that  passes  between 
the  U.S.  merchant  fleet  and 
their  home  offices  in  this  in- 
formation age  in  which  we 
live  does  so  via  CW,  For  be- 
leagured  CW  stalwarts  who 


constantly  find  themselves 
on  the  defensive  when  con- 
fronted by  their  SSB-  or 
ASCII-loving  ham  brethren, 
that  may  be  comforting  to 
remember. 

It  may  also  be  reassuring 
to  remember  that,  should 
the  cares  of  this  modern  in- 
formation age  become  too 
great,  there  is  an  alterna- 
tive In  a  quiet  village  on 
old  Cape  Cod  there  is  an 
ivy-covered  building  with  a 
history  as  long  as  radio 
communications  itself 
where  a  CW-loving  ham  can 
earn  a  decent  living  by 
pounding  out  ten  kilowatts 
of  Morse  for  all  the  ships  at 
sea.  All  he  needs  is  a  love  of 
CW  and  a  well-broken-in, 
vintage  Vibroplex  bug. 

Amateurs  visiting  Cape 
Cod  are  welcome  to  tour 
WCC  The  station  manage- 
ment requests  that  all  visits 
be  made  between  8  am  and 
4  pm,  weekdays  only,  and, 
when  possible,  arranged 
one  day  in  advance.  ■ 


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A  Stradivarius  is  more  than  a  body,  neck,  and  strings.  The  name  alone  says  it  is  an  instrument  of  out- 
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In  repeaters  the  name  for  optimum  peilormance  and  clean,  natural  sound  is  Mark  3CR,  And  Mark  3CR 
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^  49 


t^SB9  List  of  Adv^riisers  on  page  114 


23  Elm  Park,  Groveland,  IVIA   01834      (617)  372-3442 

73  Magazine  •  July  J  962    43 


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44     73 Magazine  ■  July,  1982 


Mounts  and 
Antennas 

Commercial  users  and  amateurs  who  demand  the  very 
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73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     45 


Alfred Faotir.  WB5WAF 
Applied  Research  LEbofatories 
10000  Burnet  Rd 
Austin  TX  78753 


A  Three-Piece  CPO 

battery  not  included 


Recently,  f  had  need  of 
a  code-practice  oscilla- 
tor to  teach  a  Girl  Scout 
troop  how  to  properly  send 
the  international  distress 
signals.  We  had  already 
learned  the  emergency  sig- 
nals  for  ground-to-air,  rail- 
roads, and  the  trucking  in- 


dustry, (How  would  you  sig- 
nal an  oncoming  train  that 
a  bridge  was  washed  out?)  It 
was  just  as  important  that 
the  girls  knew  how  to  signal 
for  help  using  Morse  code. 
Hence,  our  program  on 
emergency  connmunica- 
tions. 


I>r[>r-[>H> 


c 


r^ 


SPEAKER 


_n  n  fi   R  n  Ji  n 


T404 


u  u  tr  u  0  u  IT 


ir>iii  141  < ^ 


iPm  7^^ '-* 


VOLTAGE  DliVIOCR 


iOO 


SCfeO 


1 


ev 


Fig.  1,  The  simplest  cpo.  The  IC  /s  a  7404  low-power  Schott- 
ky  hex  inverter.  C  rs  a  5-  to  30-y^  electrolytic  selected  for 
desired  pitch.  The  speaker  is  a  2-incK  B-Ohm  unit 


The  cpo  itself  was  built 
using  1  IC,  1  capacitor,  and 
1  speaker!  The  volume  was 
sufficient  for  our  meeting 
area  and  four  C-cells  wired 
in  series  provided  the  re- 
quired 6  volts.  Did  I  say  6 
volts?  Oh,  yes,  not  wishing 
to  build  a  5-volt  power  sup- 
ply (as  required  by  the 
Schottky  IC)  for  the  circuit, 
I  just  used  a  voltage-divider 
network  consisting  of  two 
resistors  wired  in  series  with 
the  battery  pack.  One  resis- 
tor was  10  Ohms,  the  other 
was  50  Ohms.  The  50-Ohm 
resistor  will  function  just 
like  a  miniature  5-volt  bat- 
tery. One  end  of  the  resistor 
wil[  be  the  positive  terminal 
and  the  other  end  will  be 


the  negative  terminal.  The 
current  drain  of  the  I C  is  so 
small  that  there  is  no  prob- 
lem with  this  arrangement. 

The  circuit  was  soldered 
directly  to  an  IC  socket  and 
the  speaker.  I  could  have 
soldered  directly  to  the  (C 
pins,  but  happened  to  have 
a  spare  14-pin  socket  in  my 
junk  box 

I  used  two  100-Ohm  resis- 
tors in  parallel  to  produce 
50  Ohms,  A  standard  51* 
Ohm  resistor  would  have 
worked  just  as  well,  as  the 
maximum  voltage  for  the  IC 
is  5.25  volts. 

The  schematic  diagram  is 
self-explanatory.    Build    it 

and  enjoy!  I 


46     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


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Introducing 

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73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     47 


Don  ft  Cross  W3QVC 
RD  6.  Scaffe  Road 
Se\¥ickievPA  15143 

Bert  C  De  Kat  VB3DP3 

PO  Box  137 
iynden,  Omar  to 
CamdaLOR  7  TO 


Coherent  CW  for  VHF 


will  it  work? 


The  so-called  system  of 
"coherent  CW/'  which 
is  actually  a  form  of 
matched  filtering  with  ex- 
tremely  narrow  band- 
widths,  has  been  applied  to 
the  high-frequency  spec- 
trum  and  should  have  inter- 
esting VHF  applications.  In- 
formation is  typicallv  com- 
mynicated  at  a  bandwidth 
of  only  10  H2,  resulting  in  a 
remarkably  high  signat-to- 
noise  ratio.  Successful  con- 
tacts have  been  carried  on 
at  low  power  levels  (such  as 
1  Watt)  on  80  meters  and 
over  long  distances  (Califor- 
nia to  Asia)  on  20  meters. 


Interesting  technical  by- 
products have  been  the  de- 
velopment and  use  of  the 
Petit  filter  with  readily  ad- 
justable  narrow  band- 
widths,  the  production  and 
use  of  high-quality  frequen- 
cy synthesizers,  and  major 
advances  in  frequency  sta- 
bility, along  with  greatly  im- 
proved methods  of  frequen- 
cy measurement.  Another 
important  factor  is  the  use 
of  keyers  with  precision 
timing  and  phasing  for  each 
bit  of  each  Morse  element, 
using  either  the  Accu-Keyer 
or  special  computer  keying 
programs. 


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SSA 


miMPAT  ENt> 
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DEFORE  EN& 

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eOHEHEMT-iNTEGRATION 
SAMPLE/DUMP  CONTROL 


CENTER  FHEOUENCt 
x4  REFERENCE 


To  our  knowledge,  the 
application  of  all  of  these 
technologies  has  not  been 
made  to  VHF  communica- 
tion, but  some  of  them  may 
hold  promise  for  important 
future  advances  at  these 
higher  frequencies. 

Why  Narrow  Bandwidth 
at  VHF? 

The  use  of  FM  and  the 
promise  of  packet  commu- 
nication of  digital  informa- 
tion at  high  speeds  has 
drawn  attention  to  the  ad- 
vantages of  the  wider  band- 
widths  available  at  VHF. 
But  for  some  applications, 


OUTPUT    MIKEAS 
SOAl 


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soei 


CDM&INfR 


AUDIO 
OUTPUT 


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DESIREO  OUTPUT 
FH£tJU£NCT  K  4 


PHASE 
AaJUSTHENT 


C  OHEf»E*l  T  -  W  i.f*0O* 
BEFEREfiCE 


fig.  1.  Block  diagram  of  the  Petit  filter  (ofiginally  appeared  ir}  QST,  May,  19811 

48     73  Magazine  «  JulyJ962 


a  completely  opposite  ap- 
proach may  be  better.  Sup- 
pose that  we  would  prefer 
to  get  maximum  range  or 
highest  intelligibility  for  on- 
ly a  brief  message  or  one 
that  might  just  as  well  go 
slowly.  This  could  be,  for  in- 
stance, where  the  most  im* 
portant  information  might 
be  evidence  of  contact 
through  call  letters  and  a 
signal  report 

Let  us  make  a  simplifying 
assumption  (not  exactly 
true)  that  the  methods  of 
modulation  and  detection 
would  be  the  same  for  ei- 
ther wide-  or  narrow*band- 
width  communication  and 
that  the  bandwidth  re- 
quired is  the  same  as  the 
bits  sent  per  second.  Curi- 
ously, 10  kHz  completely 
filled  for  one  second  with 
10,000  bits  of  information 
(as  in  a  packet]  would  trans- 
mit exactly  the  same  num- 
ber of  bits  as  1 ,000  separate 
channels,  each  10  Hz  wide 
and  each  transmitting  only 
10  bits  during  the  second 
(as  in  CCW).  Noise  power  on 
each  channel  is  proportion- 
ate to  channel  bandwidth, 
So,  for  the  same  signal-to- 
noise  ratio,  each  narrow- 
band signal  using  one  milli- 
watt would  do  as  well  as  the 
packet  transmitter  using  1 
Watt,  All  the  narrowband 
stations  together  would  use 


1  Watt  — or  if  we  preferred 
to  use  only  one  channel,  we 

would  use  the  same  total 
amount  of  energy  by  taking 
1,000  seconds  to  send  the 
same  message! 

Thus,  neither  method  has 
an  inherent  advantage  in 
bits  of  information  per  unit 
of  transmitted  energy.  So 
our  choke  will  be  made  by 
whether  we  prefer  speed  at 
higher  power  or  slowness  at 
lower  power  (or  perhaps 
greater  range  at  the  same 
power,  at  the  sacrifice  of 
speed). 

We  should  note  that  if 
the  total  time  is  mfnimalty 
used  by  packets  or  if  the 
total  frequencies  are  mini- 
mally used  by  lower-power 
narrowband  signals,  the 
chances  of  interference  to 
either  mode  by  the  other 
mode  in  the  same  frequen- 
cy range  are  very  slight. 
Each  tends  to  be  immune  to 
the  other.  (This  will  not  ap- 
ply, of  course,  if  some 
greedy  DXer  tries  a  kilowatt 
on  CCW!) 

The  Narrowband 
Matched  Filler 

We  usually  think  of 
Morse  code  in  terms  of  dot 
and  dash  patterns,  each  at- 
tached to  a  particular  let- 
ter, number,  etc.  But  Morse 
can  be  just  as  well  con- 
ceived as  a  digital  system 
based  on  an  "on"  (  =  one)  or 
"off"  (  =  zero)  condition 
during  a  series  of  equal 
time  intervals.  Each  time  in- 
terval would  be  the  length 
of  a  dot.  A  dot  is  a  single 
one.  A  dash  becomes  three 
consecutive  ones  A  space 
within  a  character  is  usually 
one  zero,  between  charac- 
ters is  three  consecutive  ze- 
roes, and  between  words  is 
seven  consecutive  zeroes. 

If  the  timing  of  the  Morse 
transmitter  is  precisely  con- 
trolled, it  will  be  sending  a 
serial  stream  of  digital  in- 
formation in  classical  bina- 
ry form  Then  a  receiver  can 
be  constructed  with  a  filter 
and    detector    carefully 


matched  to  decipher  the 
digital  message. 

Despite  the  title  of  "co- 
herent" CW,  there  is  no  way 
to  preserve  the  phase  co- 
herence between  the  trans- 
mitted and  received  waves. 
Ionospheric  or  tropospheric 
media  always  cause  some 
phase  disturbances.  The 
true  essence  of  CCW  is  in 
the  use  of  a  matched  filter 

At  code  speeds  used  by 

amateurs,  bandwidths  of 
matched  filters  can  be  ex- 
tremely small  Typical  dot 
lengths  are  a  tenth  of  a  sec- 
ond, producing  about  12- 
wpm  code  speed.  A  Petit  fil- 
ter matched  to  such  a  signal 
has  a  3-d B  bandwidth  of  on- 
ly 9  Hz  This  allows  for  an 
outstandingly  good  signal- 
to-noise  ratio. 

The  Petit  Filter 

The  Petit  filter  refers  to  a 
design  by  Ray  Petit 
W7GHM.  Although  the  de- 
tails  of  its  circuit  are  de- 
scribed in  the  bibliography 
at  the  end  of  this  article  and 
will  not  be  repeated  here,  a 
block  diagram  is  shown  in 
Fig.  1,  The  filter  has  several 
distinct  features: 

1,  It  operates  near  zero 
beat.  Usually  the  filter  bfo 
is  at  1  kHz  and  it  tunes  to  a 
receiver  signal  output  very 
close  to  1  kHz. 

2,  Two  filter  channels 
are  used  with  a  90-degree 
phase  difference  between 
them.  This  quadrature  phas- 
ing is  necessary  because 
near  zero  beat  there  is  al- 
ways the  possibility  that 
output  in  one  channel 
alone  might  be  in  such  a 
phase  as  to  give  almost  no 
output,  In  that  case,  the 
quadrature  channel  output 
would  be  nearly  maximum. 
Adding  the  two  channels 
ensures  an  output  when- 
ever a  signal  is  realty  pres- 
ent.  The  phase  shift  be- 
tween the  two  T-kHz-filter 
bfo  signals  is  obtained  by 
properly  dividing  4  kHz  by  4 

3,  Matching  is  achieved 
by    using    a    high-precision 

secondary  frequency  stan- 
dard   to   control    all   func- 


0 


-50 


♦0 


-30      -20       -iO         0  «0         go 

FREQueKlCr  FfiOW  CENT  Eft,  Hi 


«0 


Fig.  Z  Petit  filter  response  curve(ongina!lY  appeared  in  CQ, 
/une  1977). 


tions  on  both  transmitter 
and  receiver  This  not  only 
ensures  close  tolerance  in 
receiver  tuning  (within  1 
Hzl  but  also  close  syn- 
chronization between  re- 
ceived digital  pulses  and  fil- 
ter putse  sampling.  A  con- 
trol led-pulse  repetition  rate 
is  not  sufficient  to  hold  this 
synchronization;  the  phas- 
ing of  the  time  sampled  by 
the  filter  must  also  be  ad- 
justed so  that  the  transmit- 
ted signal  is  framed  within  a 
''window''  opened  to  each 
signal  pulse.  Ten  phasing- 
switch  positions  allow  ad- 
justment of  the  framing  in 
lO-ms  steps.  Initial  adjust- 
ment is  made  by  listening 
for  the  clearest  reception  of 
a  series  of  transmitted  dots, 
4.  Each  100-ms  window 
opening  is  the  result  of  an 
integrating  circuit  in  each 
filter  channel.  The  integrat- 
ed output  is  remembered 
for  the  next  100  ms  by  a 
sample-and-hold  circuit. 
The  latter  either  sets  the 
level  of  a  tone  modulator 
for  audio  readout  or  else 
crosses  a  threshold  for  digi* 
tal  detection.  At  the  end  of 
the  100*ms  interval,  the  out- 
put of  the  integrator  is 
dumped  by  a  shorting 
switch  so  that  the  next  sam- 
ple can  begin.  Note  that  the 
total  independence  of  each 
sampling  time  interval  dis- 
allows the  "ringing'  so 
common  to  very  selective 
bandpass  filters  Ringing  is 
a  condition  of  slow  buildup 
and  decay  that  can  make  a 
Morse  signal  sound  so 
mushy  as  to  be  unreadable. 
The  Petit  filter  is  immune  to 
ringing, 


The  selectivity  curve  of 
the  Petit  filter  is  shown  in 
Fig.    2.    It  does   have   side 

lobes  that  are  still  fairly 
high,  although  they  remain 
quite  close  to  center  fre- 
quency. These  side  lobes 
might  be  diminished  or 
eliminated  by  using  other 
kinds  of  filters  or  by  modi- 
fying the  Petit  filter.  They 
are  partly  the  consequence 
of  the  assumption  in  the  de- 
sign of  the  Petit  type  of  fit- 
ter that  the  Morse  digital  in- 
formation  is  in  pulses  with 
zero  rise  and  fall  times  — an 
inaccurate  assumption. 

Bandwidth  may  be  ad- 
justed easily  by  changing 
the  sampling  time  interval 
For  instance,  1 -second  dot 
intervals  will  produce  a 
bandwidth  of  only  about  1 
Hz,  pulling  signals  out  of 
the  noise  in  a  most  impres- 
sive manner, 

Signal-to-Noise 
Improvements 

Some  taped  samples  of 
80-meter  signals  received 
by  W3QVC  and  lab  tests 
by  W7CHM  using  the  Petit 
filter  are  available  for 
loan/purchase/copy  from 
W3QVC  at  a  minimal  cost. 

On  an  abstract  numerical 
basis,  signal-to-noise  ratio  is 
inversely  proportional  to  re- 
ceiver bandwidth.  Thus,  a 
10-Hz-wide  channel  would 
give  a  signal-to-noise  power 
advantage  of  210  times  (23 
dB)  compared  to  a  210C^Hz 
channel  (a  typical  band- 
width for  SSB  voice  com- 
munication). 

In  practice^  the  human 
ears  and  brain  allow  a  de- 
gree  of    concentration    on 

73Magazfne  •  July,  1982     49 


the  single  tone  of  a  CW  sig- 
nal that  is  the  equivalent  of 
a  much  narrower  band- 
width than  the  wider  filter 
would  indicate  alone.  This 
effect  has  varying  evalua- 
tions. One  estimate  (Wood- 
son, QSL  May,  1981)  is  that 
''this  skill  is  worth  at  least  a 
6"dB  margin  when  using  a 
2300-Hz  filter,  QRM,  how- 
ever, is  often  a  confusion 
factor  and  therefore  causes 
more  degradation  of  copy 
than  an  equivalent  amount 
of  random  noise.  These  psy- 
chological factors  are  diffi- 
cult to  quantify,  but  prob- 
ably reduce  the  advantage 
of  CCW  over  ordinary  CW/' 

Woodson  then  gives 
comparisons  of  CW  and 
CCW  at  different  power  lev- 
els in  14-MHz  communica- 
tions in  1975  between 
JR1ZZR  and  W6BB.  Both 
modes  were  taped  simulta- 
neously on  separate  stereo 
channels  and  each  channel 
was  played  back  to  four 
moderately  experienced 
CW  operators.  The  conclu- 
sion saw  ''an  estimated 
13-W  CW  signal  as  equiva- 
lent to  a  0 1-W  CCW  signal 
in  communications  effec- 
tiveness, or  a  24-dB  superi- 
ority for  CCW."  (He  should 
have  said  '71  dB"  for  that 
power  gain.) 

The  taped  laboratory  ex- 
periments of  W7CHM  indi- 
cate that  a  CW  signal  5  dB 
below  the  white  nois§  level 
using  a  500-Hz  fitter  is  just 
barely  audible  and  only  oc- 
casionally readable.  The 
addition  of  a  10-Hz-wide 
Petit  filter  brings  it  to  an 
easily  copied  level  at  what 
Petit  describes  as  a  "signal- 
to-noise  ratio  of  12  to  15 
dB." 

When  Petit  then  drops  a 
signal  14  dB  below  the 
noise  and  changes  his  filter 
to  only  1-Hz  bandwidth,  the 
results  are  truly  astonish- 
ing. The  signal  goes  from 
completely  lost  in  the  noise 
up  to  15  dB  above  the 
noise^a  gain  of  29  dB! 

Frequency  Stability 

A  narrowband  system 
can  work  only  if  its  overall 

50     JSMagazine  •  July,  1982 


frequency  stability  is  within 
its  bandwidth.  Channels  10 
Hz  wide  will  tolerate  errors 
of  only  a  few  Hz.  Two  fac- 
tors affect  frequency  stabil- 
ity: (1)  phase  changes  due  to 
variations  in  the  propaga- 
tion  characteristics  of  the 
medium  through  which  the 
wave  is  sent,  and  (2)  the  ac- 
curacy of  the  frequency- 
control  systems  for  the 
transmitter  and  receiver. 

Phase  changes  during 
propagation  set  an  almost 
absolute  limit  to  the  nar- 
rowness of  the  bandwidth 
that  can  be  used.  How 
could  we  imagine,  for  in- 
stance, that  a  VHP  signal 
broadly  modulated  by  the 
undulations  of  aurora  re- 
flection could  be  contained 
within  alO-Hz  channel? 

So  far  we  do  have  some 
experience  with  CCW  in 
long-distance  HF  communi- 
cation. Woodson  says:  "For 
14-MHz  signals,  motion  in 
the  F  layer  typically  pro- 
duces 2  or  3  Hz  of  phase  (or 
frequency)  modulation  for 
a  JA  to  W6  path.  (We  have 
also  observed  what  appears 
to  be  propagation  time  de- 
lays under  poor  band  condi- 
tions.)" Woodson  goes  on 
to  speculate  about  VHF  ap- 
plications: "CCW  might  be 
used  for  EME  communica- 
tion, but  the  problem  is 
complicated  because  of 
lunar-motion  Doppler  ef- 
fects. One  might  need  a 
computer  to  calculate  the 
frequency  at  which  the  sig- 
nal is  expected  to  return." 

A  more  practical  solution 
to  the  Doppler  problem 
with  satellite  repeaters 
might  be  reached  through 
tight  phase-locking  to  the 
satellite  beacon  signal,  fol- 
lowed by  computerized  se- 
lection of  the  receiver  fre- 
quency for  a  given  transmit- 
ter, Even  this  would  involve 
the  solution  of  a  complex 
puzzle. 

VHF  experimenters  will 
have  to  discover  what  at- 
mospheric conditions  will 
allow  the  practical  applica- 
tion  of  CCW  to  the  VHP  and 
UHF   bands,    Exactly  what 


phase  shift  is  introduced  in 
tropospheric  propagation? 
Can  frequency  modulation 
be  confined  to  2  or  3  Hz? 
On  what  bands,  under 
which  circumstances? 

Questions  like  these, 
with  answers  not  yet  avail- 
able, determine  the  ulti- 
mate possible  narrowing  of 
bandwidths.  But  the  picture 
is  less  cloudy,  indeed  hope- 
ful, when  we  consider  the 
area  of  equipment  frequen- 
cy contn 


Secondary 
Frequency  Standards 

The  accepted  frequency 
accuracy  for  HF  CCW 
equipment  ts  one  part  in  ten 
to  the  seventh  power.  This 
allows  for  an  error  of  not 
more  than  1  to  2  Hz  in  ei- 
ther  the  transmitter  or  the 
receiver —  adequate  for 
lOHz  bandwidths.  The  re- 
quired precision  is  met  by 
careful  ly  constructed 
room-temperature  oscilla- 
tors with  temperature  com- 
pensation through  suitable 
capacitors  across  the  crys- 
tal. 

VHF  CCW  calls  for  at 
least  an  order  of  magnitude 
of  improvement  in  frequen- 
cy accuracy.  Frequency 
standards  dependable  to 
one  part  in  ten  to  the  eighth 
are  not  so  simple.  They  use 
excellent  crystals  and  both 
crystal  and  oscillator  are 
enclosed  in  two  concentric 
proportionately  tempera- 
ture-controlled ovens.  The 
one  ray  of  hope  for  amateur 
use  of  these  standards  is 
that  they  are  available  on 
the  surplus  market  from 
time  to  time,  currently  cost- 
ing about  $75. 

The  setting  of  the  exact 
frequency  of  such  a  stan- 
dard is  also  a  problem  —  but 
not  unsolvable.  HF  propa- 
gation phase  shift  makes 
WWV  unusable  for  most 
people  for  standardizing 
frequency  to  better  than 
one  part  in  ten  to  the 
seventh.  Higher  accuracies 
can  be  obtained  from  one 
of  three  comparisons:  (1) 
with  WWVB  at  60  kHz,  (2) 
with  Loran  C  at  100  kHz,  or 


(3)  with  TV  network  color- 
burst  signals. 

Comparison  With 
Primary  Standards 

Don  Cross  has  developed 
a  receiver  that  allows  the 
signal  from  WWVB  to  gate 
a  frequency  counter.  The 
frequency  of  his  secondary 
standard  is  multipiied  by 
ten,  resuiting  in  a  10-MHz 
wave  to  be  counted,  By  us- 
ing 100-second  gate  times, 
his  standard  can  be  mea- 
sured to  parts  in  ten  to  the 
ninth.  Counting  errors  are 
typically  only  1.4  digits  (or 
1 .4  parts  in  ten  to  the  ninth] 
during  the  midday  hours 
when  60-kHz  propagation  is 
most  stable.  The  addition  of 
a  voltage-variable  capaci- 
tor to  the  frequency  stan- 
dard allows  easy  trimming 
adjustments  to  a  part  in  ten 
to  the  ninth.  Drift  is  so  slight 
that  such  trimming  is  need- 
ed only  two  or  three  times  a 
week. 

Such  high  accuracies  are 
possible  when  WWVB  is  re- 
ceived on  a  good  balanced 
and  shielded  loop  antenna 
and  when  the  receiver 
bandwidth  is  narrow 
enough  to  provide  a  good 
signal-to-noise  ratio.  The 
Gross  receiver  converts  the 
60-kHz  signal  to  1.11  kHz, 
where  it  passes  through  an 
N-path  filter  only  0.1  Hz 
wide.  It  is  then  re-converted 
to  60  kHz,  limited  and  zero- 
crossing  detected,  then  fre- 
quency divided  to  provide 
the  counter  gate  control. 
Both  the  down-  and  the  up- 
con  vers  ions  use  heterodyn- 
ing frequencies  derived 
from  the  secondary  stan- 
dard. 

Bert  De  Kat  has  devel- 
oped an  effective  and  fairly 
simple  method  of  measur- 
ing frequency  by  using  Lor- 
an C.  He  uses  a  switch-con- 
trolled frequency-divider 
system  to  derive  from  his 
secondary  standard  the 
pulse  repetition  rate  (PRF) 
of  any  Loran  C  station.  (This 
divider  is  derived  from  Fig, 
7,  Burhans,  73,  May,  1978, 
ignoring  the  slave  window 
timer.)  He  sets  his  PRF  to 


coincide  with  the  nearest 
station  and  uses  this  local- 
ly-derived signal  to  trigger 
his  oscilloscope.  A  broad- 
banded    TOOkHz    shielded 
loop  and  amplifier  provide 
the  Loran  C  signal  to  be  dis- 
played  on   the   scope.    By 
switching  to  a  one-digit  mis- 
count  in   the  divided    fre- 
quency, the  position  of  the 
display    can    be    slowly 
moved    across    the    screen 
until  it  reaches  a  suitable 
spot;  the  count  is  then  cor- 
rected  and   the  waveform 
stays  in  position.  By  using  a 
high-grade  oscilloscope,  it 
Is  possible  to  expand  any 
small     portion     of     the 
100-kHz    waveform.     By 
choosing    the    third    zero- 
crossing  of  a  pulse   being 
built  up,  it  is  easy  to  keep 
track  of  the  length  of  time 
that  part  of  the  wave  moves 
across  a  measured  part  of 
the  screen.  This  information 
can  be  used  to  measure  the 
phase  drift  of  the  secondary 
standard.   This   measure  is 
highly  accurate,  since  the 
chosen   part  of  the  wave- 
form is  purely  ground-wave 
and  therefore  stable  in  its 
propagation.    Frequency  is 
readily  measured  in  parts  in 
ten  to  the  ninth  or  better 

Other  methods  of  precise 
frequency  measurement 
are  covered  in  the  bibliog- 
raphy. 

Frequency  Synthesizers 

Since  every  frequency 
and  timing  element  must  be 
accurately  controlled,  high- 
quality  frequency  synthe- 
sizers are  important.  Ray 
Petit  has  done  outstanding 
work  in  this  direction.  Al- 
though the  bibliographic 
references  to  his  synthesiz- 
ers do  not  represent  his  lat- 
est developments,  they 
show  examples  of  excellent 
equipment  that  can  be  used 
to  tune  in  either  lOOHz  or 
IO-H2  increments,  afl 
phase-locked  to  the  second- 
ary frequency  standard, 

Keyers 

The  keyer  that  lends  it- 
self especially  well  to  the 
timing    requirements    of 


CCW  is  the  Accu-Keyer  de* 
scribed  in  many  issues  of 
the  ARRL  Radio  Amateur's 
Handbook,  The  oscillator 
part  of  this  keyer  is  elimi- 
nated, A  IO-H2  square  wave 
derived  from  the  frequency 
standard  is  connected  in  its 
place.  This  same  10  Hz  is 
sent  to  the  clock  input  of 
two  D  flip-flops:  The  Q  out- 
put of  one  of  these  goes  to 
the  dot  input  of  the  keyer; 
the  Q  output  of  the  other 
provides  the  dash  input. 
The  paddle  (preferably  a 
dual  squeeze  type)  con- 
nects to  the  D  inputs  of  the 
flip-flops  Debouncing  can 
be  arranged  by  connecting 
a  resistor  from  each  paddle 
output  to  the  keyer  positive 
voltage  and  a  capacitor 
from  each  paddle  to 
ground.  CMOS  versions  of 
the  Accu-Keyer  are  easily 
constructed  and  they  are 
advantageous.  The  result  of 
this  circuit  modification  is  a 
keyer  that  follows  the 
desired  CCW  timing  cycle 
to  perfection. 

Computerized  keying  is 
becoming  increasingly  pop- 
ular. Some  commercial  key- 
ers can  be  modified  for  the 
external  timing  and  phasing 
required  for  CCW;  others 
cannot  W3QVC  had  hoped 
that  his  M-80  Morse  pro- 
gram for  his  TRS-80  would 
be  adaptable  to  CCW  Al- 
though its  keying  speed  can 
be  fine  tuned,  its  phase  can- 
not be  linked  to  the  second- 
ary frequency  standard  As 
a  result,  with  much  that  has 
been  learned  from  volume 
4  of  the  Disassembled 
Handbook  for  the  TRS-80 
mentioned  in  the  bibliogra- 
phy, he  is  encouragingly  en- 
gaged in  the  production  of 
a  machine  language  Morse 
program  for  the  TRS-80  (ei- 
ther Model  I  or  Model  III} 
that  can  use  external  clock- 
ing derived  from  his  fre- 
quency standard. 

Conclusion 

CCW  is  just  beginning  to 
make  its  mark  in  amateur 
radio  communication.  With 
all  the  technological  ad- 
vances now  at  hand,  there  is 


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Bibliography 

Byrhans,  R.  W.r 

"If  You  Want  To  Krrow  Where 
You  Are:  The  MinhL  Loran*C 
Receiver,"  73  Magazine:  Pari 
I,  April,  1978;  Part  lU  May, 
1978. 

Dfsassembfed  Handbook  for  the 
TRS-80,  Vol.  4,  Richcraft  Engi- 
neering, Chautauqua  NY  14722, 
1981. 

Hewlett-Packard:  Timekeeping 
and  Frequency  Calibration,  Ap- 
plication Note  52-2,  1976. 

National  Bureau  of  Standards: 
Davies,  Kenneth:  ionospher- 
ic Radio  Propagation^  NBS 
Monograph  80.  1965. 
NBS  Radio  Stations. 
NBS   Time   and    Frequency 
Bulletin. 

The  New  NBS  Frequency 
Calibration  Service.  {On  use 
of  TV  network  colont>urst 
signals.) 

Time  and  Frequency  Users' 
Manuai.  NBS  Technical  Note 
695,  1977. 


Petit.  Raymond  a,  W7GHM: 
"Coherent  CW:  Amateur  Ra- 
dio's New  State  of  the  Art?", 
OS 7,  September,  1975,  p,  26, 
*' Frequency  Synthesized  Lo« 
cat  Oscillator  System  for  the 
High  Frequency  Amateur 
Bands/'  Ham  Radio,  Octo- 
ber, 1 978.  p.  60. 
^^  Phase-Locked  9*MHz  BFO," 
Ham  Radio,  November,  1978, 
p,  49. 

"Phase- Locked  Up-Convert- 
ef,"  Ham  Radio,  November, 
1979,  p,  26. 

"Technical  Topics.'*  Radio  Com- 
munication (RSGB),  June,  1975, 
p.  462;  July.  1976.  p.  517, 

Weiss,  Adrian,  W8EEG: 

"Coherent  CW— The  CW  of 

The   Future?".   CO:    Part   I, 

June,  1977,  p.  24;  Part  II,  July, 

1977,  p.  48. 

^*QRP,"  CO,  January,  1978,  p. 

44. 

Woodson,  Charles,  W6NEY: 
"Coherent  CW/'  OS 7:  Part 
I— "The  Concept,**  May, 
1981,  p.  11;  Part  II— "The 
Practical  Aspects,"  June, 
1981 ,  p.  18, 

"World  of  Amateur  Radio," 
Wireiess  World,  March,  1975, 

73Magazfne  •  July,  1982    51 


Michael  Wiodotph  W90CK 
218  W.  2nd  Street 
Chasfea  MN  55373 


Electric  Health  via  Negative  Ions 

combatting  an  invisible  menace 


Scientists  studying  "ill 
winds"  have  unearthed 
some  amazing  facts.  First  of 
all,  there  really  are  ill  winds, 
air  masses  that  produce 
nervous  and  physical  symp- 


toms   in    weather-sensitive 
people. 

In  our  country,  these 
symptoms  have  long  been 
considered  purely  psycho- 
logical,   or    just    in    one's 


mind,  but  in  other  countries 
such  as  Germany  and  Isra- 
el they  have  long  been  re- 
lated to  bad  winds,  the 
Foehn  in  Germany  and  the 
Sharan  in  Israel. 

Scientists  have  found 
that  these  air  masses  pro- 
duce measurable  changes 
in  our  bloodstream.  And 
they  believe  they  have 
found  out  how. 

It  seems  that  even  before 
these  winds  sweep  across 
an  area,  the  positive  ioniza- 
tion of  the  air  increases 
enormously.  In  normal  air. 


for  every  four  negative  ions 
there  are  five  positive  ions. 

These  positive  ions  in 
some  way  seem  to  increase 
the  serotonin  in  the  blood. 
This  is  a  hormone  whose 
properties  are  just  now  be- 
ing investigated  Already 
we  know  serotonin  has  a 
great  deal  to  do  with  our 
nervous  condition,  our 
moods,  etc. 

Before  the  ill  winds 
come,  the  positive  ioniza- 
tion  of  the  air  increases 
over  3000%.  It's  no  wonder, 
then,  that  people  can  be  af- 
fected.   Doctors    in    Israel 


f aside  the  ion  generator.  Old  hah  dryer  (without  heating 
elemerjts)  is  used  to  disperse  ions. 

52     73  Magazine  •  JyiyJ982 


Complete  negative-ion  producing  and  sensing  system. 


47K 


POWER 
TRAN&fOnHER 


Fig.  h  Schemattc  of  negative-ion-sensing  electroscope. 


often  treat  the  nervous  and 
physical  ailments  of  their 
patients  at  these  times  by 
drugs  that  inhibit  the  action 
of  serotonin,  with  almost 
magical  results;  moods 
change  dramatically. 

In  our  country,  we  also 
have  such  ill  winds:  the  San- 
ta Ana  in  California  and  the 
Chinook  of  the  Rocky 
Mountains.  You  have  per* 
haps  experienced  the  exhil- 
arating effects  of  the  air  at 
the  seashore,  near  a  water- 
fall, or  in  the  mountains.  In 
such  places,  the  negative 
ions  predominate. 

As  we  become  more  and 
more  "civilized/'  we  also 
live  in  more  completely  air- 
conditioned  environments. 

This  air-conditioning  not 
only  warms  or  cools  the  air, 
it  often  deprives  it  of  most 
of  its  negative  ions.  Air  pol- 
lution outside  our  homes 
has  the  same  effect  Tobac* 
CO  smoke,  besides  being  of- 
fensive to  many  noses,  also 
depletes  our  working  and 
living  environments  of  neg- 
ative ions,  thereby  adding 
to  our  nervous  tension,  so 
we  pull  out  another  ciga- 
rette, compounding  the 
felony. 

The  mood  we  are  in  while 
we  work  is  important.  The 
Federal  Aviation  Admini- 
stration is  even  studying  the 
possibility  that  the  imbal- 
ance in  positive/negative 
ion  concentration  in  cock- 
pits may  contribute  to  pilot 
error,  resulting  in  danger- 
ous  situations  for  all  on  a 
flight. 

This  new  knowledge  of 
our  environment  and  how  it 
affects  us  has  promoted  the 


rise  of  several  companies 
producing  negative-ion  gen- 
erators,  on  the  theory  that  if 
we  can  change  the  ion  bal- 
ance in  our  living  or  work- 
ing environment  to  favor 
the  negative-ion  concentra- 
tion, it  will  result  in  better 
feelings  and  better  work,  as 
well  as  help  purify  the  air. 

Most  of  these  companies 
are  really  trying  to  give  us 

something  for  our  money, 
but  some  do  it  better  than 
others.  Some  ion  generators 
produce  mostly  ozone, 
which  is  not  the  negative 
ions  we  want;  in  fact  it  has 
been  found  detrimental  to 
health. 

Later  in  this  article  I  will 
detail  how  you  can  build 
your  own  negative-ion  gen- 
erator. But  first  we  should 
have  a  way  of  telling  wheth- 
er we  are  really  getting  neg- 
ative ions  or  positive  ions  or 
just  ozone.  We  can't  see 
any  of  these  Ozone  we  can 
detect  if  our  nose  is  in  good 
functioning  condition,  but 
only  our  moods  could  tell 
us  whether  there  are  too 
many  positive  ions  in  our 
environment. 

So,  although  we  can  pro- 
duce our  own  negative  ions, 
we  need  a  method  of  de- 
tecting these  helpful  ions. 
What  we  need  is  a  negative 
electroscope.  You  may  be 
familiar  with  electroscopes 
used  in  high-school  science 
classes,  two- leaf  affairs 
made  of  thin  foil  which  sep- 
arates when  electrostatic al- 
fy  charged.  The  difficulty 
with  these  is  that  they  will 
react  to  either  a  positive  or 
a  negative  charge.  So  we 
still  are  in  the  dark  as  to 


IZOV 


tev 


2AVS 


3.aM 

■-W* — 


3.9M 

— ViAf — 


-Jr.OlSi-P  Ofl   MORE 
7KV 


■>NESATIVE  VOM   POlNTtSI 


IZ<IV 


5Q0a 


Fig.  2.  Negative^ion  generator. 


which  ions  we  have  gener- 
ated, if  any. 

The  Negative  Electroscope 

Fig,  1  shows  how  to  buifd 
a  simple  negal/ve  electro- 
scope  which    reacts   to    a 

concentration   of   negative 
ions.    As    you    may    know 


from  your  knowledge  of 
vacuum  tubes,  a  negative 
charge  on  the  grid  of  a  tube 
prevents  current  from  flow- 
ing in  the  tube.  In  this  cir- 
cuit the  grid  is  connected  to 
a  pick-up  plate  some  five 
inches  [13  cm)  in  diameter. 
When  this  plate  is  in  a  nega- 


Outside  view  of  electroscope. 


I 


1 

I 


Inside  the  electroscope. 

73  Magazine  •  Juiy,1982     53 


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tive  field  [negative  ions  pro- 
duce a  negative  field),  it 
places  this  negative  charge 
on  the  grid  of  the  tube  and 
the  neon  bulb  in  the  plate 
circuit  goes  out,  showing 
that  current  in  the  tube  has 
been  cut  off  by  a  negative 
charge  on  the  grid. 

Any  triode  tube  nnay  be 
used,  or  a  multi-element 
tube  with  the  screen  grid 
connected  to  the  plate  (ig- 
nore other  elements  except 
fjiament,  cathode,  and 
grid).  If  the  cabinet  is  made 
of  wood  or  plastic,  you 
don't  need  the  isolation 
transformer.  But  be  careful 
that  no  high  voltage  is  on 
any  external  surface. 

I  found  an  aluminum 
plate  from  a  discarded  per- 
colator to  be  about  the 
right  size.  I  mounted  the 
neon  bulb  (with  its  resistor) 
in  the  ready-made  hole  in 
the  center  of  this  plate 
Then  it  was  simple  to 
mount  a  small  filament 
transformer   and    the   tube 

54     73Magazin0  •  July,  1982 


socket  to  the  back  of  this 
plate.  I  didn't  use  an  isola- 
tion transformer  as  only  the 
plate  connected  to  the  grid 
can  be  touched  from  out- 
side, and  it  has  only  the 
voltage  of  the  surrounding 
air. 

Usually  the  neon  bulb 
will  be  on  because  the  or- 
dinary air  conditions  are 
positive,  which  allows  some 
plate  current  to  flow. 
Touching  the  plate  will 
sometimes  cause  the  neon 
to  go  out  but  more  often 
than  not  it  will  light  bright- 
er. You  can  experiment  vv.ith 
this  electroscope  by  comb- 
ing your  hair  and  bringing 
the  comb  next  to  the  plate 
or  walking  across  the  carpet 
towards  the  plate,  As  you 
will  find,  most  of  the  static 
charges  produced  are  of  a 
positive  polarity  and  will 
make  the  neon  glow  even 
:er. 


The  Negative  Ionizer 
To    build    the    negative 


ionizer  (Fig.  21  I  bought  a 
surplus  6-kV  transformer, 
formerly  used  for  a  bug- 
killer.  If  you  have  an  elec- 
tronic background  and 
don't  mind  the  size  of  your 
ionizer,  there  is  an  alterna- 
tive to  a  high-voltage  trans- 
former. If  you  have  an  old 
working  TV  set,  you  could, 
with  some  wiring  changes, 
bring  out  the  negative  high* 
voltage  lead  of  your  TV  fly- 
back power  supply  and  use 
it  to  generate  your  negative 
ions.  The  anode  lead  going 
to  the  picture  tube  is  posi- 
tive. In  front  of  the  ordinary 
TV  set  you  wilt  find  an  over- 
abundance of  positive  ions. 
Perhaps  this  is  partly  the 
cause  of  our  moody  reac- 
tion to  television! 

I  used  an  ordinary  2AV2 
tube  for  rectifying  the  high 
voltage.  If  you  have  some 
very  high-voltage  diodes, 
these  could  be  used,  but 
they  are  not  as  tolerant  of 
sparks  and  corona  dis- 
charge as  tubes  are. 

Build  the  whole  ionizer  in 
a  wooden  or  plastic  case  or 
insulate  heavily— five  or  six 
kilovolts  is  lethal!  The  extra 
lOmegohm  resistor  (actual- 
ly three  3.5M  resistors)  is  in 
the  positive  lead  to  ensure 
that  anyone  coming  into  ac- 
cidental contact  with  the 
cathode,  or  negative-ion 
lead,  will  not  be  seriously 
shocked-  According  to 
Ohm's  Law,  this  10M  resis- 
tance would  allow  about 
0.7  mA  of  current  to  flow 
You  probably  get  much 
more  than  this  in  the  thou- 
sand-volt shock  you  get  by 
walking  across  the  carpet 
and  touching  someone. 

Despite  this  10M  precau- 
tion»  shield  the  negative-ion 
point  or  cluster  as  well  as 
possible  from  prying  fin- 
gers Be  sure  to  keep  the 
whole  apparatus  out  of 
reach  of  children  alto- 
gether. The  shock  that  one 
can  get  from  this  ionizer  is 
not  serious  but  could  easily 
produce  a  jerk  of  the  arm 
that  could  upset  and  knock 
down  the  ionizer  with  more 
serious    consequences.    As 


when  you  open  the  back  of 
your  TV  set  the  best  advice 
is:  Don't!  And  the  next  best 
is:  Know  what  you  are  doing 
and  be  careful! 

The  capacitor  1  used  to 
store  up  the  6-kV  charge 
was  the  0  015-/iF  capacitor 
that  came  with  the  bug- 
killer  To  build  a  better 
charge,  a  higher  capacity 
could  be  used  here  (but  be 
sure  it  is  a  high- voltage 
type).  With  the  6  kV,  1  had 
some  trouble  with  arcing 
and  corona  discharge  at  the 
tube  socket.  ThelOM  resis- 
tor helped  reduce  this,  and 
some  anti-corona  spray 
made  it  manageable.  The 
corona  discharge  usually 
produces  positive  ions,  so  it 
is  undesirable, 

I  first  made  the  negative 
discharge  element  a  point 
(afiled-down  iron  nail),  but 
later  added  some  extra 
points  to  increase  the  dis- 
charge. Perhaps  you  would 
like  to  use  a  piece  of  copper 
mesh  such  as  is  used  in 
cleaning  utensils.  In  any 
case,  try  to  shield  this  in 
some  way  or  keep  it  out  of 
reach  of  children. 

I  found  the  6-kV  bug- 
killer  transformer  had 
enough  space  to  wind  a  few 
extra  turns  on,  to  light  up 
the  filament  of  the  2 AV2,  If 
you  can't  do  this  or  decide 
to  use  another  rectifier,  a 
separate  transformer  could 
be  used  for  the  filament 
One  advantage  to  using  a 
high-voltage  diode  would 
be  the  saving  of  this  extra 
transformer, 

I  also  enclosed  in  my  box 
an  old  hair-dryer  blower 
(the  heating  element  had 
burned  out).  In  series  with 
this  I  connected  a  10-W  re- 
sistor to  slow  it  down  a  bit. 
In  this  way  I  had  a  slight 
breeze  blowing  up  out  of 
the  ionizer  to  disperse  the 
negative  ions  generated 
But  this  is  a  refinement  that 
may  not  be  necessary. 

"An  ill  wind  blows  no  one 
good''  says  an  old  adage. 
Build   this  ionizer  and  be 

prepared  to  combat  this  in- 
visible menace.  ■ 


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y-'S^e  if  si  of  Aiivertfsers  on  page  tf4 


73  Magazine  •  Juty,  1982    SS 


fim  Hyde  WB4JYL 
51 T  Uiar  Street 

Waycros^  CA  31507 

Meyer  Minchen  AC5C 
1753  North  Boulevard 
Houston  TX  7709B 


The  Very,  Very  Best  CW  Filter? 


costs  under  ten  bucks 


With  dozens  of  pub- 
lished designs  for 
audio  filters,  and  with 
thousands  of  electronics 
engineers  sitting  around  sip- 
ping  wine  and  adnniring 
their  diplomas,  however  in 
the  name  of  Hiram  Percy 
Maxim  do  a  couple  of 
kitchen-table  tinkerers  get 
off  calling  this  "The  Very, 
Very  Best  CV^  Filter"?  What 
makes  this  one  worth  your 
attention? 

Well,  for  openers,  we've 
got  four  aces: 


•  It  works.  (Slicker  than  a 

politician  on  the  day  before 
election.) 

•  The  price.  (How  does 
less  than  $10  sound?) 

•  Adjustable  bandpass. 
(Continuously  adjustable 
from  less  than  30  Hz  to  full- 
open.  That  represents  a  Q 
of  25  down  to  a  Q  of 
nothing.) 

•  It's    simple    {You    can 
build  it  in  less  than  an  hour 
You  don't  have  to  under- 
stand—  just  follow  the  pic- 
tures and  the  instructionsj 


LM324 


Fig.  1, 


So  if  you're  tired  of 
crackles,  pops,  roars,  whis- 
tles, and  worse  yet,  interfer- 
ing stations,  this  is  the 
gadget  for  you.  You  can 
dial  them  out  almost  like 
magici 

The  filter  uses  only  one 
integrated  circuit,  the 
LM-324  quad  op  amp, 
which  is  available  at  Radio 
Shack  for  about  SI. 50.  Also 
required  are  some  resistors 
and  capacitors,  a  speaker, 
and  a  power  supply  [bat- 
teries will  do],  [f  you'd 
rather  travel  by  Cadillac 
than  skateboard,  add  a 
phone  jack  and  construct  a 
power  supply  as  shown  in 
Fig.  3. 

The  design  is  nothing 
new  — as  a  matter  of  fact,  it 
is  based  on  a  filter  design 
shown  in  the  spec  sheet  for 
the  LM-324.  We  have  added 
to  the  design  to  provide  for 
an  adjustable  bandpass, 
and  we  have  tried  to  write 
simple  directions  for  con- 
struction. Those  who  are  ex- 
perienced builders  are  not 
likely  to  need  or  follow  our 
instructions,  so  we  are 
writing  for  the  person  who 
has  never,  ever  even  seen 
an  integrated  circuit 


Decisions^ 
Decisions,  Decisions 

OK,  if  you  are  convinced 
that  you  can  live  no  longer 
with  QRM  and  QRN,  it's 
time  to  make  some  deci- 
sions. 

(a)  What  kind  of  cabinet? 
How  about  a  cigar  box; 
maybe  a  small  plastic  box; 
or  try  one  of  those  smalt 
metal  card-file  boxes  from 
the  stationery  counter  at 
Wooico 

(b)  Chassis  — Experienced 
builders  will  probably  use  | 
perfboard  or  printed  cir-  | 
cuits,  but  beginners  will 
probably  do  better  with  a 
small  piece  of  plywood, 
about  3"  X  5".  Use  small 
nails  for  terminals  or  tie- 
points,  preferably  soldered. 

(c)  Power  supply— The 
operating  voltage  can  be 
anything  from  5  to  14  volts. 
The  unit  draws  120  mA  at  9 
volts.  An  ordinary  9-voit 
transistor  radio  battery  will 
give  about  4  hours  con- 
tinuous service,  but  four  C 
or  D  cells  in  series  wrll  last 
several  hours  longer;  (Later 
we  will  discuss  the  elimina- 
tion of  the  transistor  post- 
amplifier.  Without  the  tran- 
sistor, the  unit  draws  only 


73 Magazine  •  July,  1932 


10  mA  at  9  volts.  Your  bat- 
tery would  last  a  long  time 
assuming  you  remember  to 
turn  off  the  power  when  the 
jnit  is  not  in  use.) 

If  you  opt  to  construct  a 
power  supply  to  operate 
from  house  current  try  the 
one  in  Fig.  3.  If  s  simple  and 
inexpensive. 

(d)  Phones,  speaker,  or 
both?  — The  design  shows  a 
speaker  within  the  unit,  but 
if  you  feel  you  might  want 
to  use  phones,  install  a 
phone  jack  Sorry,  we  can't 
draw  a  picture  for  this; 
there  are  just  too  many 
types  of  phone  jacks.  Con- 
sider, though,  that  the  out- 
put of  the  filter  is  at  a  con- 
stant volume  regardless  of 
the  input.  Many  times  you 
will  hear  a  signal  at  full 
volume  that  you  cannot 
hear  at  all  with  the  unaided 
ear  You  don't  have  to  de- 
pend on  phones  to  pick  out 
the  weak  ones. 

(e)  Center  frequency— 
This  unit  should  have  a 
center  frequency  (in  its 
sharpest  mode)  of  about 
700  Hz.  That  is,  if  ca- 
pacitors CI  and  C2  are  ac- 
tually 0.1  uF.  Unfortunate- 
ly, capacitors  are  flighty 
things;  the  actual  capaci* 
tances  are  almost  never 
the  same  as  the  marked 
capacitances  So,  "ye  pays 
yer  money,  and  ye  takes 
yer  chances;^'  More  like- 
ly, the  center  frequency 
will  be  about  5%  to  10% 
below  the  designed  center 
frequency.  If  you  would 
like  a  different  center  fre- 
quency, the  Design  Notes 
give  alternative  component 
values. 

About  Construction 

The  LM-324  looks  like  a 
fat  centipede.  Pins  are 
numbered  counterclock- 
wise beginning  to  the  left  of 
the  notch  when  viewed 
from  the  top.  (Remember, 
George,  that's  clockwise 
when  viewed  from  the  bot- 
tom or  pin  side)  Most  ICs 
also  have  a  small  dot  mark- 
ing pin  1.  If  this  is  your  first 
IC  project,  invest  six  bits  in 
a  14-pin  wire-wrap  IC  sock- 


50-I9O 


J rt 


/fr 


VOLUME 


/ft 


Fig.  Z 


et  (that's  the  one  with  the 
long  pins).  It'll  save  a  lot  of 
cussing— believe  it! 

The  bandpass  control 
(RT)  may  be  50k  to  100k 
Ohms.  The  filtering  is 
sharpest  when  R1  is  set  at  a 
high  resistance,  and  when 
R1  is  very  low,  the  bandpass 
is  so  wide  it  seems  there  is 
no  filter  at  all.  When  R1  is 
at  80k  Ohms  or  higher,  the 
bandpass  is  less  than  4%  of 
the  center  frequency,  which 
is  too  narrow  for  ordinary 
CW  use.  Most  noise  disap- 
pears when  R1  is  set  at 
about  30k  Ohms,  and  a  set- 
ting of  50k  Ohms  will  nar- 
row the  bandpass  to  less 
than  40  Hz. 

Make  your  connections 
to  the  power  switch  (SI)  so 
that  when  the  power  is  off, 
the  signal  is  bypassed 
around  the  unit  direct  to 
the  speaker.  See  the  illustra- 
tion in  Fig.  1. 

The  transistor  used  as  a 
post-amplifier  needs  to 
have  a  power  dissipation 
rating  of  better  than  1.5 
Watts.  The2N2222  can  han- 
dle this,  but  if  you  substi- 
tute another  NPN,  check  it 
after  a  couple  of  minutes  of 
use  to  see  if  it  is  heating  too 
much.  You  may  control  this 
by  putting  50  to  150  Ohms 
resistance  between  the  plus 
voltage  terminal  and  the 
collector  of  the  transistor. 
(This  is  shown  in  the  draw- 
ing as  R11.  Naturally,  if  the 
transistor  you  use  can  han- 
dle the  power  without  over- 
heating, you  may  eliminate 

Rir) 


PARTS  LIST 
(All  resistors  V4  Watt) 

R1  50k  Ohm  to  100k  Ohm  variable  resistor 

R2,  R8  100k  Ohms 

R3  100  Ohms 

R4,  R6  56k  Ohms 

R5  120k  Ohms 

R7  180k  Ohms 

R9  5.6k  Ohms 

RIO  ISk  Ohms 

R1 1  50  to  150  Ohms  (see  text) 

R12  500  Ohm  variable  resistor 

C1 ,  02  ,1  uF 

C3  10  uF 

C4  1000  uF 

01  2K2222  or  equivafent  NPN  transistor  (see  text) 

IC1  LM'324  quad  op  amp  integrated  circuit 

81  Double-throw,  double-pote  slide  switch 

Small  speaker 

Battery  (see  text) 

For  optional  power  supply  see  Fig.  3, 

IC  socket  14-pin  wire  wrap 


1 


The  LM324  filter  pro- 
duces reasonable  volume 
into    a    small    speaker 

without  further  amplifica- 
tion. If  your  shack  is  not 
noisy,  simply  connect  one 
leg  of  your  speaker  to  pin  7 
of  the  LM-324  and  eliminate 
transistor  Q1  and  also 
resistors  RIO,  R11,  and  R12, 
The   volume  will   then   be 


enough  to  be  heard  clearly 
from  a  distance  of  10  to  15 
feet.  (Remember  the  weak 
signals  sound  just  as  loud  as 
the  strong  ones,) 

Using  the  Filter 

Connect  the  input  of  the 
filter  to  the  phone  jack  or 

external  speaker  connec- 
tions of  your  rig.  Turn  R1  to 


Design  Notes 

Desired  Center  Frequency 

Component 

710  Hz       SI  6  Hz       850  Hz 

1020  Hz 

R4,  R6 

56k 

51k            47k 

39k 

R2(R4  X   1.5) 

82k 

75k            72k 

62k                  ' 

R3  (R4/623) 

91 

62               75 

62 

R5 

120k 

100k          100k 

100k 

R7  (R4  X  3) 

160k 

150k           150k 

120k 

R8 

100k 

100k          100k 

100k 

R9 

5,6k 

5.6k            5.6k 

5.6k 

(Computed  to  nearest  standard  va!ues— R4  and  R6  are  con- 

sidered critical. 

Other  values  may  vary  up  to  25%,) 

73  Magazine  • 

July.  1982     57 

iiB 


Fig,  3.  Simple  power  supply.  D1-D4  can  be  almost  any 
diodes,  or  use  full-wave  bridge  (Radio  Shack  276-1167). 


The  Saturn  V  is  a  deep  ffinge  microwave  receiver  tor  homeowners 

that  are  ouiside  of  the  service  area  of  local  pay  TV  stations  (ie,, 

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mining  lower  in  a  50  mile  range  and  is  simply  attached  to  your  TV 

anienna  mast.  Ttiis  unit  is  completely  ready  to  install  mcluding  all 

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We  accept  MasterCharge  &  Visa. 


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its  lowest  resistance  setting. 
With  the  power  on,  you  can 
hear  both  the  desirable  and 
undesirable  as  you  tune 
across  the  band.  When  you 
have  located  the  signal  you 
want,  narrow  the  filter  by 
adjusting  Rl ,  bandpass  con- 
trolp  until  the  undesirable  is 
eliminated.  (You  may  have 
to  slightly  retune  your 
receiver  as  you  tighten 
down  on  the  filter,  but 
you'll  soon  learn  to  recog- 
nize the  center  frequency 
and  tuning  will  be  fast  and 
easy.)  Keep  the  volume  of 
the  receiver  as  low  as  possi* 


ble.  If  you  get  a  chug-a- 
chug  sound,  you're  using 
too  much  volume.  Remem- 
ber, the  filter  will  pick  up 
some  signals  when  the  vol- 
ume is  turned  so  low  you 
can't  hear  them  ordinarily. 
We've  tried  to  keep  it 
simple  — so  if  you're  too 
tired  to  build  this  yourself, 
give  this  article  and  the 
parts  to  one  of  the  kids.H 

Editor's  IStote 

Shortly  before  pyblicaticn.  73 
learned  that  R5  should  be 
changed  to  68k  for  best  perfor- 
mance, Please  note  this  change. 


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58     73  Magazine  •  July  J  982 


''BRAND  NEW 

CHAMPION  MESSAGE 
MEMORY  KEYER 

Model  TE-292 


Features: 

«  Si3feof  the  Arf-CMOS  Cfrcmtry 

m  Chotce  of  Message  Siorage^ 
•A  Sfx  50  characJBf  messages 
*&.  Jwetve  25  character  mss sages 
•C.  2?  combtnafions  of  mtssage 
C  progfammmg. 

0  Records  ai  sny  spee^-pf^ys  9i  any  speed. 

^MefT^Ofy  opefatmg  LED 

muse  fct  tiatfy  QSO  or  contests 


PLUS: 


Sett  compfefmg  dots  and  hashes 

Bcfh  dot  arid  dash  memory 

tarrtbtc  Keying  i/vtth  any  SQueet^  naddif 

5-50  ^  p  m 

Spe0(i,  vofume,  rone,  tune  snd  vatnghi  conuois 

Bidetone  and  speaker 

Low  cuneni  dram  CMOS  battery  ppefation — portabh: 

Rear  p^nei  Jack  tar auxiUnry  po^er 

Oefuxe  guanet-mch  lacks  far  k^ytrrg  and  output 

Keys  grtd  biock  snd  sohd  ngs 

Mm£D  AND  TESTia  fUUY GUARANrBBD—LESS 

Rd  TTfRV 


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Features: 


Model  Tt'284 


a 


Stale  of  the- An  CMOS  Circaitty 
Three  ctiofces  of  Message  Storage 
-A.    Two  iW  character  eac^f 
message  storage 
Four  (25  character  each} 
messs^ge  storage 
»C    One  50  character  and 
two  25  characfer  message 
siorage 
'Re<:ofds  at  ariy  speed ptays  9f 
ar%y  speeO 

'  Memory  operatiffg  LED 
^Use  tor  dmiy  QSO  or  contests 


VOLUME 

PLUS: 

mSeff  compleimg  dots  and  dashes 

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9  Speed.  )/oiume.  tone,  tune  and  ^aght  controfs 

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mioM  cvrr^nt  dram  CMOS  tatietv  opera f ion — portable 

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m  \AflRBD  AND  rf  ST£D  fULL  Y  GUARANTEED-LESS 
BATTBRy 


MESSAGE 
MEMORY  KEYER 


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^aavjM  Wfl?i^J«  K  — men  ffia^ 
iecomf  messsge  O"  cpftrjcr  — ci# 
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Paul  »f 

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pa:i(tte 

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%F^Wm  P^^l^r  Inquiries  tnvittcf 

Gorden 
Engineering 

BOX  2130S  e,  SOUTH  EUCLID,  OHIO  44121 


f  7  Msrcetttno  WiBYM 
Rockvilk  h4D  20853 


The  True-Blue  Keyer 

its  speed  readout  doesn't  lie 


Editor  s  Note:  The  8044  kayer  chip  used  hore  is  available  from  Curtis  Electro  Devices,  Box  4090,  Moufitain  View  CA  94040;  telephone 
(415)-964*384€, 


This  article  describes  a 
project  that  started  as  a 
typical  electronic  keyer 
and  ended  up  including  a 
self-contained  readout  that 
displays  words  per  minute 
(wpm),  This  keyer  is  unique 
because  of  its  ability  to  dig- 
itally display  the  speed  in 
wpm  of  the  keyer  IC  before 
either  the  dot  or  dash  pad- 
dle is  closed.  Additionally, 
tt  will  display  the  sender's 
speed  in  wpm  during  a  CW 
transmission.  These  fea- 
tures were  designed  into 
the  project  using  all  CMOS 
technology  and  mechanical 
coupling  between  the  keyer 
and  image  clocks. 

The  project  features 
common  keyer  controls 
such  as  speed,  volume,  tone. 


weight,  sidetoneon/off,  and 
transmitter  tune  with  added 
front-panel  switches  for  dis- 
play calibrate  and  image/ 
keyer  display 

Circuit  Operation 

The  use  of  a  calibrated, 
tracking  image  clock  is  the 
circuit's  simple  method  of 
generating  a  clock  frequen- 
cy when  there  is  no  clock 
output  from  the  keyer  IC,  as 
in  a  standby  condition. 
When  the  operator  starts 
sending  CW  with  the  pad 
dies,  the  logic  circuitry 
transfers  the  wpm  display 
from  reading  the  image 
clock  to  reading  the  keyer 
clock.  The  display  is  up- 
dated every  1.2  seconds 
and  will  show  the  correct 


Dhpfa  y  keyer, 

60     73Magaiine  •  July,  1982 


wpm  after  the  first  two  up- 
date periods.  A  lower  CW 
speed  than  the  preset  level 
will  register  if  the  operator 
is  not  sending  at  the  proper 
rate  and  with  the  correct 
spacings.  This  feature  pro- 
vides visual  feedback,  tell- 
ing the  operator  if  his  fist 
needs  some  correction.  The 
display  will  never  show  a 
wpm  level  in  excess  of  the 
preset  value  no  matter  how 
fast  the  paddles  are  ac- 
tuated because  the  counter 
records  only  the  number  of 
clock  pulses  for  1 .2  seconds 
generated  by  a  particular 
frequency  (speed)  selected 
by  the  speed  control 

Upon  completion  of  the 
last  CW  character  and, 
hence,  the  last  keyer  clock 
pulse,  the  display  will  show 
a  reduced  wpm  or  even 
zero  for  a  short  interval. 
Again,  the  logic  functions 
and  the  display  shows  the 
output  of  the  image  clock. 

Circuit  Description 

The  display  keyer  can 
best  be  described  by  sepa- 
rating it  into  three  sub-cir- 
cuits. The  block  diagram  of 
Fig.  1  shows  these  circuits  in 
their  simplest  form  for 
those  interested  in  follow* 
ing  the  logic  sequence. 

The  heart  of  the  system  is 
the  8044  IC,  This  sub-circuit 


is  shown  in  Fig.  2.  General- 
ly, I  used  the  published  cir* 
cuit*  with  a  few  modifica- 
tions. As  shown  in  Fig.  2, 
these  mods  were  not  major 
circuit  changes  but  just  use 
of  what  the  8044  had  to  of- 
fer. For  instance,  the  dot 
and  dash  terminals  (pins  2 
and  7)  are  normally  high 
during  standby  This  was 
used  very  conveniently  to 
drive  the  Exclusive  NOR, 
U4a,  a  CD4077.  Another 
connection  to  pin  8  of  the 
8044  was  used  for  clock  f re- 
quency  pick-off  to  drive  the 
counter  and  display  circuit 
(Fig.  4)  via  an  FET  bilateral 
switch,  U5a,  ^|4  of  a 
CD4066. 

Another  switch,  U5c,  was 
wired  to  the  base  of  the 
2N1613  driver  transistor. 
This  FET  switch  grounds 
the  base  of  the  driver  tran- 
sistor when  U4b,  pin  11 
{Fig.  3),  is  high,  thereby  pre- 
venting the  transistor  from 
being  keyed  during  clock 
calibration. 

The  output  keying  tran* 
sistor,  a  2N4356,  is  config- 
ured to  drive  a  grid-block 
input  circuit.  Choice  of  this 
transistor  will  depend  on 
your    transceiver's    grid- 

'8044  Keyer  Data  Sheet,  Curtis 
Electro  Devices,  Inc.,  revised 
February  23,  1979. 


Diock  voltage  My  HW-101 
presents  --50  V  dc  at  the 
key  jack,  so  this  transistor 
mih  its  BVceo  of  80  V  dc 
has  an  adequate  margin. 

The  final  mod  to  the  key* 
ar  circuit  was  the  addition 
Df  the  dual,  500k  singte- 
5 haft  pot  The  keyer  clock  is 
controlled  by  RIA,  while 
R1 B  (Fig,  3)  controls  the  im* 
age  clock  frequency.  Use  of 
this  dual  pot  mechanically 
couples  the  two  clocks  to- 
gether to  provide  proper 
tracking  and  the  correct 
IVpm  display  during  stand- 
by conditions. 

The  second  sub-circuit  is 
shown  in  Fig.  3  Alt  of  the 
switching  and  timing  func- 
tions are  controlled  by  this 
circuit.  The  positions  of  FET 
switches  U5a  and  U5b  as 
well  as  SW1  and  SW2  are  in 
a  standby,  ready-to-trans- 
mit  mode.  The  logic  states 
of  the  CD4077  that  are 
useful  for  this  circuit 
are  L  +  L^H,  H  +  H  =  H. 
H  +  L  =  L.  The  following 
logic  states  exist  for  Fig,  3 
as  shown.  U4a  pins  1  and  2 
are  high,  thus  pin  3  is  high. 
U4c  pin  6  is  high  and  pin  5  is 
low,  thus  pin  4  is  low.  U2  is 
wired  as  a  positive  retrigger- 
able  monostable.  With  U2 
pins  8  and  12  low,  pin  10 
will  be  low.  U4d  pins  8  and 
9  are  low,  thus  pin  10  is 
high,  U4b  pin  12  is  high  and 
pin  13  is  low,  thus  pin  11  is 
low  and  U5c  is  open. 

During  standby  condi- 
tions, the  image  clock,  U3, 
wired  as  a  free-running 
astabte  has  its  output  pin  10 
routed  to  the  counter  via 
the  closed  bilateral  FET 
switch,  U5b, 

When  a  dot  or  dash  pad- 
dle is  closed,  U4a's  input 
state  will  become  either 
L  +  H  =  L  or  H  +  L=L  As 
you  can  see,  U4a's  output 
will  be  forced  low  in  either 
case.  This  low  is  inverted  by 
the  controlled  inverter, 
U4c,  whose  positive  output 
triggers  U2.  U2's  mono- 
stable  pulse  width  is  set 
to  four  seconds  by  the  1 
meg  and  I^F  RC  combina- 
tion. This  pulse  width  was 


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Fig.  1.  Display  keyer  block  diagram. 


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Fig,  2.  Keyer  and  output  circuits. 


selected  to  acconnmodate 
low-speed  operation,  which 
may  include  long  pauses. 
If  the  pause  is  greater  than 
the  pulse  width,  the  display 
will  revert  back  to  the  im- 
age clock.  As  long  as  this 
condition  exists,  the  display 
will  continue  to  show  ran- 
dom numbers  as  it  bounces 
between  the  two  clock  out- 
puts. U2  pin  10  wilt  remain 
high  for  positive  retrigger 
pulses  arriving  at  its  input 
within  the  four*$econd  on- 
time.  U4d  pin  8  now  re- 
mains   high,   which   forces 


pin  10  low  and  opens  U5b. 
The  high  on  U2  pin  10  also 
controls  U5a,  causing  this 
switch  to  close  and  rout- 
ing the  8044's  clock  output 
to  the  counter  and  display 
circuit  The  display  now 
registers  the  wpm  of  the 
transmitted  CW  up  to  the 
maximum  set  by  the  speed 
control 

The  logic  transfers  just 
described  will  remain  in  ef- 
fect until  there  is  a  pause 
greater  than  four  seconds. 
Upon  completion  of  the 
last  paddle  closure,  either  a 


dot  or  a  dash,  U2  is  retrig- 
gered  for  its  last  cycle. 
After  four  seconds,  all  logic 
states  will  revert  back  to 
the  standby  condition,  with 
the  display  showing  the  im- 
age clock  wpm.  During  this 
transition,  the  display  may 
show  a  double-zero  indica- 
tion because  there  is  no 
clock  output  from  the  8044 
and  U2  has  not  returned  to 
zero  on  pin  10,  closing  U5b 
and  opening  U5a. 

The  image  clock,  U3, 
uses  Rib  for  setting  the 
clock    output    on    pin   10. 

73MagazinG  •  July,  1 982     61 


I 


Real  is  a  100k  multhturn 
trim  pot  required  to  cali- 
brate  the  image  clock  so 
that  it  will  properly  track 

with  the  8044  clock. 

Fig.  4  shows  the  third  sub- 
circuit  the  counter  and  dis- 
play Credit  for  this  circuit 
goes  to  Howard  F.  Batie 
W7BBX  whose  fine  article, 
"QRQ.  QRS-By  the  Num- 
bers/' appeared  in  the  lune, 
1980,  issue  of  7J  Magazine, 
The  circuit  description  is 
throughly   covered    in    this 


article,  so  further  explana- 
tion  would  just  duplicate 
his  effort, 

Dc  power  for  all  circuits 
is  produced  by  an  internal 
regulated  power  supply 
(Fig.  5),  The  7808  three-ter- 
minal fl-V  dc  regulator  was 
selected  because  it  pro- 
vides at  least  two  volts  of 
Vdd  margin  for  the  8044  IC, 
This  IC  is  rated  forlOVdc 
maximum  while  all  other 
CMOS  used  have  a  20-V  dc 
rating.  The  7808  is  rated  for 


1  Ampere  steady-state  load 
The  circuits  in  this  project 
can  draw  200  mA,  which  is 
well  within  the  7808  rating, 
but  the  regulator  must  be 
bolted  to  a  heat  sink  or  it 
will  destroy  itself.  The  regu- 
lator's mounting  tab  is  its 
ground  terminal  and  there- 
fore can  be  electrically  at- 
tached to  the  chassis. 

Calibration 

The    following    descrip- 
tion is  based  on  all  switches 


TO    Ul 


to-  y( 

P1N    HO.% 


1044 
iHifie       •     *■  l\U4b   X    i» 

CLOCW 


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•TO  COUI*TER 
litPUT 


Fig,  3.  Display  sequencing  logic. 


positioned  as  shown  in  Figs. 
2,  X  and  4  and  the  paddles 
are  open. 

After  ac  power  is  applied, 
I  suggest  a  warm-up  time  of 
five  minutes.  If  all  circuits 
are  working  properly,  the 
display  should  indicate  a 
twodigit  number. 

The  8044  IC  is  capable  of 
8  to  50  wpm  with  the  values 
shown.  The  image  clock 
was  calibrated  using  Real 
and  a  speed  setting  of  30 
wpm.  This  provides  track- 
ing within  1  to  2  wpm  from 
8  to  30,  Above  30  wpm,  I  ex- 
perienced difficulty  in  get* 
ting  proper  tracking  be* 
cause  of  nontinearitjes  in 
the  image  clock.  If  the 
speed  control  is  advanced 
above  30,  the  image  display 
will  increase  very  rapidly 
and  show  a  false  number. 
At  these  higher  speeds,  with 
the  paddles  open,  a  mo- 
mentary indication  of  the 
correct  speed  is  available 
when  the  front-panel  clock 
switch  is  transferred  to  the 
8044  position.  During  CW 
transmission,  the  display 
will  read  correctly  for  any 
speed  over  30  wpm. 

SW1  is  an  SPDT  spring-re- 
turn  switch  used  during  cal- 
ibration of  the  image  clock 


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Fig.  4,  Counter  and  wpm  dii^ptay  dfcuit 


62     73  Magazine  •  July,  1962 


to  match  the  8044  clock. 
When  SW1  is  closed,  the 
high  on  U4b  pin  12  via  the 
10k  pull-up  resistor  is 
grounded.  This  does  two 
things:  First,  the  8044  is 
turned  on  through  the 
1N914  between  U4a  pin  2 
and  U4b  pin  12.  Second, 
U4b  pin  11  goes  high,  which 
closes  U5c,  preventing  any 
transmitter  keying  during 
clock  calibration.  The  im- 
age clock  could  be  calibrat- 
ed by  simply  closing  the  dot 
paddle,  but  this  is  not  rec- 
ommended because  the 
transmitter  would  be  keyed 
unnecessarily. 

SW2  is  a  standard  DPDT 
toggle  switch  used  to 
change  the  logic  state  on 
U4d  pin  9  for  counter  peri- 
od calibration.  A  high 
on  pin  9  and  a  low  on  pin  8 
will  force  U4d  pin  10  low 
and  open  switch  U5b.  With 
switches  U5a  and  U5b 
open,  the  counter  input 
is  open  and  ready  to  ac- 
cept  the  6O-H2  calibration 
signal. 

The  counter  circuit  cali- 
bration uses  SW2b  to  con- 
nect U6b  pin  4  to  the  input 
of  U6d  pin  9,  The  remaining 
counter  and  display  circuit- 
ry was  used  as  it  appeared 
in  WZBBX^s  article. 

The  first  calibration  step 
is  to  set  the  period,  or  gat- 
ing time,  of  the  frequency 
Counter.  This  time  period  is 
controlled  by  adjusting  R4 
in  Fig.  4  Incidentally,  I  rec- 
ommend that  a  multi-turn 
trim  pot  be  used  for  R4  to  re- 
duce the  sensitivity  of  this 
adjustment.  The  calibration 
source  is  a  low-voltage 
60-Hz  signal  from  the  trans- 
former secondary  With  60 
Hz  and  a  1.2-second  gating 


period,  the  wpm  calculates 
to  be  72,  Therefore,  with  the 
front- panel  Calibrate 
switch  [SW2)  up,  R4  should 
be  varied  until  a  steady 
reading  of  72  registers  on 
the  display.  Remember  to 
rotate  R4  slowly,  allowing 
the  counter  to  count  all  the 
pulses  during  the  gating 
time.  When  this  step  is  com- 
plete, return  SW2  to  the 
down  position. 

The  second  calibration 
step  involves  setting  the 
output  frequency  of  the  im- 
age clock  to  coincide  with 
the  8044  clock  at  30  wpm. 
Pressing  the  front-panel 
Clock  switch  (SW1 )  presents 
the  8044's  clock  to  the 
counter/display  circuit  and 
registers  it  directly  in  wpm. 
The  idea  here  is  to  adjust 
the  100k  trimpot,  Real  (Fig 
3),  so  the  image  clock 
matches  the  8044  clock. 
Next,  release  SW1  and  ad- 
just Real  for  the  correct 
wpm.  Rotate  the  Speed 
control  (R1A/B)  counter- 
clockwise and  check  for 
proper  tracking  at  lower 
settings. 

This  completes  the  cali- 
bration for  the  display  key- 
er  and  only  leaves  the  re- 
maining keyer  controls, 
which  are  self-explanatory. 

Component  layout  isn't 
critical.  For  ease  of  fabrica- 
tion and  checkout,  I  con- 
structed the  counter/dis- 
play circuits  on  one  perf- 
board  and  the  keyer  with 
switching/timing  logic  on 
another.  The  power  supply 
is  mounted  to  a  third  perf- 
board  with  the  7808  near 
the  center.  The  regulator's 
metal  heat  sink  is  connect- 
ed to  the  rear  chassis  wall 

The  display  keyer  project 


FVR 


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Fig.  5.  Power  supply. 


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was  fun  to  design  and  build 
and  with  its  completion  has 
added  another  dimension 
to  my  CW  operation.  The 
usefulness  of  the  wpm  read- 
out has  proved  to  be  more 
than  expected,  with  its  corv 
stant  reminder  of  CW 
speed.  Besides  being  useful 


on  the  air,  the  project 
makes    an    excellent   CW 

practice  machine.  The 
trainee  can  develop  and  im- 
prove both  his  speed  and 
coordination  using  the  dis- 
play and  sidetone  as  indica- 
tions  of  his  sending 
quality. ■ 


'See  Ltst  &f  Ad^fttsers  on  f^ge  1 14 


Top  view  of  the  display  keyBr,  showing  the  three  pert- 

boards.  Speaker,  ac  fuse,  input  and  output  jacks  are  on  the 
rear  panel. 

73M&gaifne  •  July,  1982     69 


Lours  C.  Grat/e  K&TT 
624  C^mpbeH  H'tU  Rd 
Bowiing  Green  OH  434Q2 


Touch-Type  CW 

the  TRS-80  way 


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e4     73  Magazine  •  July  J  982 


I  have  been  looking  for  a 
good  program  to  make  it 
possible  for  me  to  use  my 
TRS-80  compyter  to  send 
CW  over  the  air,  I  wrote 
this  one,  with  the  following 
features: 

•  The  transmitter  is  keyed 
through  the  cassette  aux- 
iliary plug  and  does  not  use 
the  TRS-80  relay. 

•  Input  and  output  speeds 
are  independent  so  that  you 
can  type  well  ahead  of 
what  is  being  transmitted. 

•  The  output  speed  can  be 
increased  or  decreased  at 
any   time   by    holding   the 


shift  key  and  pressing  the 

up  or  down  arrow  key. 

•  The  input  is  displayed  on 
the  screen  and  can  be  ed- 
ited before  it  is  sent  out  by 

using  the  backspace  key, 

•  The  character  being  out- 
put is  indicated  by  being 
removed  temporarily  from 
the  CRT  display,  with  the 
dots  and  dashes  displayed 
in  its  place  as  they  are 
sent.  Afterwards  the  char- 
acter is  replaced.  This  goes 
on  simultaneously  with  the 
addition  of  new  characters. 
You  always  know  exactly 
where  the  sending  routine  is 
operating. 


•  Messages  can  be  typed 
out  on  the  screen,  edited, 
and  then  stored  for  later 
output.  When  called,  the 
entire  message  is  instantly 
placed  on  the  screen  in  the 
proper  sequence  and  is 
treated  exactly  like  text  you 
are  typing. 

•  Hitting  the  break  key  will 
clear  the  screen  and  the 
buffers  and  stop  the  output. 

•  The  output  is  perfect 
machine  code  of  whatever 
is  put  on  the  CRT,  including 
proper  spaces. 

Operation 

Using   Edtasm   or   Tbug, 


make  an  object  program 
tape  and  load  it  Operation 
is  extremely  simple  Just 
start  typing  and  anything 
you  type  will  be  displayed 
and  sent. 

If  you  want  a  faster  out- 
put speed,  hold  the  shift 
key  and  press  the  up  arrow 
key.  Each  time  you  do  this, 
the  speed  is  incremented. 
To  decrease  the  speed,  use 
the  down  arrow  key  in  the 
same  way. 

To  store  a  message  for 
later  use,  first  press  the  @ 
key  and  then  key  1,  2.  3,  or 
4.  Type  in  your  message  Cup 
to  256  characters),  edit  it, 


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73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 

65 

I 


4tV 


0  4V    KEF  -•  |^ 


V  IN  » 


I  OK 


^200 


TO   Kit    lACK 


and  after  it  appears  on  the 
screen  just  as  you  want  it, 
press  enter  to  store  it.  Up  to 
four  different  messages  can 
be  stored. 

When  you  want  to  send 
the   stored    message,    hold 


2N2222 


Fig  ^ 


the  shift  key  and  press  1 .  2, 
3,  or  4  according  to  which 
message  you  want.  The  en- 
tire message  will  appear  on 
the  screen  immediately  af- 
ter  anything  you  have  al- 
ready typed  in  and  will  be 


sent  in  proper  sequence 
when  the  output  program 
gets  to  it. 

Whenever  you  want  to 
kilt  the  output,  hit  the  break 
key  and  you  can  start  over. 

The  Program 

The  keyscan  (02 BH)  sub- 
routine in  the  ROM  monitor 
contains  a  17-millisecond 
delay.  I  had  to  rewrite  this 
and  put  it  in  this  program 
without  that  delay.  Other- 
wise, typing  in  characters 
would  mess  up  the  output 
timing.  Also,  you  will  notice 
that  I  have  used  the  key- 
scan  subroutine  as  the  ma- 


jor part  of  the  timing  loops 
for  output  of  code.  This  is 
the  trick  that  makes  it  ap- 
pear that  output  and  input 
are  independent. 

The  output  cursor  is 
stored  at  5000 H  and  ad- 
justed as  necessary  by  using 
index  addressing.  The  input 
cursor  is  handled  by  the 
monitor  program. 

The  message  routmes 
were  greatly  simplified  by 
making  use  of  the  subrou- 
tine  in  the  monitor  at  40H. 
All  I  had  to  do  was  put  the 
start  of  the  message  buffer 
in  HL.  The  subroutine  then 
stores    the    message    and 


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01100  TtyrAL  ERRORS 


66     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


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prints  it  on  the  CRT;  at  the 
end,  the  B  register  contains 
the  number  of  characters  in 

the  message.  This  is  saved 
to  use  when  the  message  is 
called  The  value  is  used  by 
the  LDIR  routines  which 
transfer  the  message  to  the 
sending  buffer  and  to  the 
CRT  display, 

I  was  tempted  to  go  back 
and  make  the  program 
more  compact.  However, 
that  would  make  it  more 
difficult  to  understand  and 
to  modify.  To  add  more 
messages,  you  can  use  the 
ones  in  the  program  as  a 
guide  and  add  to  the  end  of 
the  program. 

Interface 

A  schematic  of  a  very 
simple  circuit  is  presented 
which  can  be  used  to  inter- 
face the  computer  with 
your  transmitter.  The  tip  of 
the  cassette  auxiliary  plug 
changes  voltage  from  0  4  to 
0.8  whenever  OUT(0FFH},  A 
with  A  =  1  appears.  This 
makes  it  possible  to  use  a 


!ow-voItage  comparator  to 
drive  the  transmitter.  I 
measured  the  current  in  this 
circuit  at  less  than  10  mA 
for  a  +5*volt  supply.  Any 
supply  voltage  from  4  to  36 
volts  can  be  used.  Be  sure 
to  pick  the  two  resistors  in 
the  reference  voltage  divid- 
er so  that  the  reference  is 
just  slightly  larger  than  0,4 
volts.  When  V  in  is  larger 
than  this  reference,  the  out- 
put of  the  comparator  goes 
high  and  turns  on  the  tran- 
sistor and  this  will  ground 
its  output  That  will  key  a 
solid-state  transmitter  or  a 
relay  if  you  need  it, 

Conclusfon 

This  program  has  made 
sending  CW  a  real  pleasure 
for  me  and  1  know  the  guy 
on  the  other  end  appreci- 
ates the  perfectly-sent 
code.  The  computer  is  put 
into  service  by  just  plugging 
in  the  cassette  auxiliary 
plug  —  the  one  in  the  mid- 
dle. Correspondence  al- 
ways a  pleasure.  73. ■ 


appjG 


TERMIMAIJ.ll  ft  tmatmm  i 

ma 


-.Qt  tiiKirii 

to  atom 


T^RMMUILL  wm  (Icwgnod  ham  dw  oubet  lo  bp  iwii  iq  connsct 
to  voiit  rBiSio  imd  «»¥  Ifl  ut*  PVl  i"fo  vour  raceivni  h««JtpMon« 
IKk  and  copy  Man*  Ccxtv  m  r#!iiotfl4etvfie  4R1 1  fi   Phjfi  mto  voni* 
CW  key  jsdi  HfiiS  itfnd  M^rw  Coda   Artach  s  rnnamfiin^r^  connjtc 
tm  and  serid  &ivdol  or  ASDl  fITTY  using  eudiQ  lonM  IAFSK1 
thari  ail  [hme  i%  tc  htjoKing  rl  up, 

ibm  sollwaf<e  is  loaded  mlo  fma  ccrnoutfiT  Uom  di-j^  m  na^uttc 
Intor  y-Qur  caUtign  «fid  Iho  tima  sntf  vou  will  aicyri  lutrfiving  ifn- 
m^dislely    No  '^iKngi  or  Adjusitments  are  m^a^aR^rv  iQ  locelva 
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frtftijsage  whii&  I'ocoivJnQ  ut  ]Tar\sm\ihnQ 

Ydhj  will  be  dri  Ihw  #ir^  mceiving  and  tf$h$Tntti3nij  in  any  miKJa.  itt 
minutes  As  wesBtd.  TEflWiNALL  is  simpio 

Mor9  for  your  monrnv, 

■  TERMr^t^LL  nai  Mrm  ATTY  temtinat  umi  -  decnod  and  AFSi 
buiti  in    Tfffi  f^u^is  in  0  luFAwi  tout  cost 

■  fAnuitic  M«rB«  rmumfitiktn.  Si*  siagie  acnve  litti^r 
dei?KM&jl>tor  cofB  ili«  watik  mmt  Aum  adaptrv*  Motm  slgonttvn 
GdtKi  Hm  ^stm  o'wi  **iB*wid  code  speed  cfcipltTad  oo  aaius 


M5fr  mffTKta*  coni*n%  u«¥>-by  ¥{q3  islTudrtKira 

■  ftuR  In.  ipBFBta.  muHl  statB*.  feciJnv«  fHtar  RTTV  antf  CW 
dafnodufticr)  jj4  Kt^ek  toof^  RTTT  d«m4}duia|Q«  riH  tlO 
s-"-^  ■■'■'■'■• -.-  ■-I  VHitf-fcB¥*»9*tf$etee{abi«  afid t^vt  eittwr 
Ifie  p9Fii#  mtfMi  «f  scofw  ouipuls  lof  eas'p  Tufting  Copv  I'm  *f4k 
anei   C««^  iNv  nQ«i'  onet  Copy  v^e  ^ladir^  oniii 

■  fttdli  In  cnrvtal  mimrtlad  AFSK.  Root  ttjaCMe  leu  ewi^  rr« 
maSii  demanding  VHl^  w  Hf  apoJicasiorw  A  fr^at  on  mar?  VHF 
HTTY  fetffieiSfFr* 

■  Built  In  110  or  220  vo<l  AC  piLrWf^  sjppily 

k  Built  in  parall*!  printer  drivar  lafiwar*.  Simply  ^iLs^zh  » 
parail'J'  ASCII'  printor  fa  rj  tHtr  EPSON  MX  8Dj  to  viHjr  pfiniar  fiorl 
TO  tiboin  hardcnpy  in  all  modeg 

■  Multl  l*v*l  dkplaya    nllcwvn  examining  and  (idinni^  ci^  tiiainncal 

tt!Xi 

■  Word  wfappLng,  wopd  mode  edning.  diddle,  igriora  itAirja]gr& 

fEtum^.  uber  prngrimfriitbfe  end  o^  hne  sequflrtcu.  tnJiuatalDi*  car. 
Ftagev^tdlh^  mulEiplfii  uui'r  dntined  SA/RU.  trsn«Lmi.T  cTcioy  iPheod,  nons 
(rf  auiHS  4dbapnv«^.  bftiit  mode  <trKJ"  mor#> 

■  TH*  ^-Ifi-Qfht  TERMINALL  da«f pi  irmltei  *|  dtaat  lof  ir^e  w 
MF    or    VHF,    Ma™.    ComraefCial.    SWL    qf    jJaRS'    SWL'* 
TERMirVAl^k  mmr  lw  pjmcparaH  loi  aihec  CS  or  ffiO  Hi  r«€epttar»  to 


System  Requirements 

TERMINALLT1  Cymmunicaiions  lF>rmn  i  '■■■  ihm-  JUS  80  Mod&U 
R«-iij-nr.  n  M..Mli»l  I  TRS  80.  }6K  RAM  sriii  Luvul  II  HASIC   Include* 
sDf  rwiin?  nr^  c.n'i'vnrTn:  and  disk,  ^^Si»mt)i<ed  iind  1««ieid  h&ttiw^fe  and 
gn  emiiniaivti  rrKinyciion  manuaJ   MM, 

TERMINALL  T3  Communscaiic^hi^  rf^rmiiTTni  far  iNi  TRS-BD  Modsl 
III  RsquiruH  a  Mndwf  Mi  TflS  80.  16K  flAM  flmt  Mc5?te«  Ul  SASIC  in- 
cluflea  5'j'*vwaffl  >  ■  nils'  and  di^.  asstrnii-'i"!  ind  liMted  Ha.\ii 
wgrf;  ;ind  4n  riilt .,7  ..i-st'UCtrcn  manuEJ    Mi9^ 

TERMINALL  T2  Cofrnnunpcuhon^  terrni<hal  tot  t^^  APPLE  II    Rit 
qa^rnan  APPLt  II  or  APPLE  \i  PLui  l^t^  aQt;  f^  1  c{.^   Sotl 

i^mm  K^  providMl  po  dnk  m  OOS  3  2  lomui  Ums  MurflN  utilitv  to 
conv«i  10  DOS  31  3  *omat  Indkfdn  t^iinrtni  oi*  dnA,  aiseiTE&rf^d 
and  T«9»d  tiit^Mra  VUJ  vi  9li!ns^v9  milmclKin  rnaftii^   M9i. 


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The  communications  terminai  that  does  it  alii 


66     73Magazine  •  Julyjg82 


•y^^  't^'  .  •'  -i'."''^ ■? 


Because  you  and  the 
icadins  radio  manu- 
facturers waht  the 
best-performing,  the 
best  idokins  antenna; 
Centurion  has  grown 

to  be  the  Duck  leader 
"We^e  developed 
nrtany  smaller  antennas 
to  make  the  hand- 
held fadio  perform 
better,  and  mm  the 
newest  duck . . . the  TUf 
Duck'mJnlMt^ 
shwter  (about  3-5  >^t 
lt5saftiii1/4  wave 
radiator  on  VHK 


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Ptione  40$/4*7-4491 

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P.O.  Box  82846    LirKOtn,  NE  68501   'i8JS6 


QUALITY  parts  at  DISCOUNT  PRICES 


STEREO  8  TRACK 
HOME  UNIT 


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iMCLUOeS   CXKT  COVER  AND 
PLASTIC  CASE   CNOT  PICTURED^ 
41 TH   FRONT  CUT  OUT   TO  FIT 
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PANELS   NOT    INCLUDED,. 
55.25  PER    CASE 


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GRADE 
CAPACITOR 

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3,600  fnfd 
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60V0C      $2.50 

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120  volt 

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5.6  VOLTS  at  750  MA  53.00 

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19  VOLTS  at  1  AM^  $4.50 
18  V.CT  at  1  AMP  $5.^ 
2S.2  VCT  «t  2.9  AMP  $5.90 1 
35  V.CT.  at  \  AMP  $3.aO 
42  VC.T.  at  1  2  AMP  $4,50 
95  VCT.  at  2  AMP  $5,^ 


X  1  \tl' 


PHOTO   PLASH 

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1 70  Mi=D  a30  VOLT 


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600 


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Sl.2S  EACH     10   FOR   £11.00 


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22,000  mfd.40VDC 

211   DIA,    X    b"   HIGH      $3.00 


25.000 mJd. 75  VDC  $4.50 

5"   DIA  X   k   5/S"   HIGH 

4S00OiTit<J.2SVDC 

2*'    DEA,    >;    L+*»   MEGH       $3  50 


72^000  mfd.  15  VDC 

2"  DEA.  X  h"  Hir.H    £3.50 

CJ,JkM.PS  TO  f  IT  CAPACITOBS  MHO. 


2 
CRYSTAL 

CASE   STYLE    HG53/U 
$5. SO  EACH 


8'  UNE  CORD 


1&  -    3    SJT  M/E 

ROUND  GRAY  COLOR 
I  $2.00   EACH    10  FDR  $13.50 


L.E.  D/is 

STANDARD  JUMBO 
DIFFUSED 

RED         10   FOft   SK50 
GREEN     10   FQ«   $3.00 
VELLOW    10   FOR  $2,00 
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200  FOR   $lS.OCt 
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CULTRAVIOLET) 


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4  CONDUCTOR 


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15/30  OOLD 

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18/36  GOLD 

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SOLDERTAIL  CP.C  STYLE ;J 
^2..5.Q.Xf^   10  FOR  $2?.  50 

22/44  TIN 

SOLDEItTAIL   CF.C.    STYLE) 
Sa.3^   EA  10    FOR  $12,50 

42/84  GOLD 

SOLDER  EYELET   $4.00  EACH 


6  VDC  RELAY 

MINIATURE 

D.P.D.T. 

3  AHP  CONTACTS 

FUdUITSU  tt  F6R321D006 

$1.75   EA      LD  /    16*00 


SONALERT 


riALLORY  MODEL 

SMAP-IN  STYLE 
OPERATES  FROM 
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7S  ohm  C 


12 
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GA^€:S,    ETC      $1-25   EA 


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7  Clips  for  $1.00 

100 dips  for  $12.00 
SOO  clips  ror  $50.00 


MICROWAVE 
TRANSISTORS 

N.P.N.  SILICON 
SPECIAL  PRICE 
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f^      S.P.ST. 

k  AMPS  la  125  VAC 
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ttvolt  0amp/lir 

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STYLE   MIKE  W/ 
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EACH 


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^2.50  PER  ASSEMBLY 


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NON- INTERLOCKING 
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R£D  LIGHTED  120  VAC 
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ALL  CLECTROniCS  CORP. 


MANUFACTURERS  -  WE  WiLLi 
PURCHASE  YOUR  EXCESS 
INVENTORY   (213)380-8000 


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*^See  Ust  of  Adv&fffsefs  on  page  7 14 


73  Magazine  *  July,  1982     69 


#1  IN  AMATEUR 


spectrum  IBWrwaWS-Z  fines  of  Repeaters— the 
ifforia  famous  'Super  Deiuxe'  SCfi1000f4000,  and  our 
new  Low  Cost  iine  of  SCR77  Repeaters. 

.i 

■•■■ : 

The  New  SCR77 15  Wt.  Repeaters  maintain  the  qual- 
ity of  design,  components  and  constmction  which 
have  made  Spectnim  gear  famous  throughout  the 
world  for  yeafs.  However,  al)  of  the  "beds  & 
whistles"  which  you  may  not  meed  or  want  have 
been  etimihated— a?  a  large  cost  savings  to  you!  The 
SCR77  is  a  reai  '%orkhorse'^  basic  machine  de- 
signed for  those  who  want  excellent,  super-reliable 
performance  year  after  year^-bL//  no  frills!  CPL\  12 
Pole  IF  Filter,  Front  End  Preseiector,  and  a  30  Wt, 
Transmitter  are  the  only  *bjLrtJtHn'  options  available: 
but  Autopatch,  Rem»^  Cpritrol,  and  other  equlp- 
mq^OL^Ijin  be  connected  via  the  rear  panel  jack.) 

Of  course,  if  you  do  want  a  full  featured/Super 
Deluxe  Repeater,  with  higher  power  <30"75  Wts.>, 
and  a  full  list  of  'built-in'  options,  then  you  want  our 
SCR1000  or  4000—Tfte  Ultimate  in  Repeaters\ 
Available  with:  Full  Autopatch/Reverse  Patch/Land- 
Line  Control;  Touch  Tone  Control  of  various  repeater 
functions; 'PU;  ''Emergency  Pwr.  ID";  various  Tone  & 
Timer  Units,  etc,^-'^ 


shown  in  Optionat  Cabinet 

Cal!  or  write  today  for  data  sheets~^Drmes!  Sofd  Facfofv  Direct 
or  through  Export  Sales  Reps  only.  Get  your  order  in  A.S.A.P.! 


Commercial  Business  Radio  Dealer/Rep  Inquiries  Incited 


SPECTRUmt 

Export  Orders  —  Contact  our  fnternationsl  Oept. 


1055  W.  GERMANTOWN  PK,,  DEPT  57 


70     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


OM  FM  Repeaters,  Remote  Bases,n 

Join  the  fun  with  the  growing  ac- 
tfvity  on  10M  FM!  Extended  *supe- 
rior'  ground  wave  contacts;  local 
Repeaters;  Remote/Local  Bases 
and  Mobile  for  Nationwide  or 
Foreign  DX.  All  with  the  ease 
of  2M  FM!  Of,  fie  a  10M  Remote 
Base  into  your  existing  VHF/UHF 
Repeater! 

Our  Repeaters  and  Remote  Bases 
are  basically  made  up  of  2-SCR- 


RX  8t  TX  Boards  Now  AvaUabte. 

1000  Mainfrannes,  complete  with  a 
VHF/UHF  Link  ^^built-in,"  The  10M 
FM  Receiver  is  "Super  Hot**  and 
"Super  Sharp/'  The  transmitter  is  a 
35  Wt,  unit  with  beautiful  audio 
quality. 

A  Complete  Data  Package  is  now 

available  on  both  complete  sys- 
tems and  boards  — all  commercial 
quality.  Call  or  write  for  more  infor- 
mation today. 


SPEC  COMM  REPEATER  BOARDS  &  SUBASSEMBLIES 


5CR200& 
SCR  450 
BOARD 


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All  equipment  assembled  &  tested.  For  2M,  220  MHz  &  450  MHzf 

iOM  ALSO 

AVAILABLE 


^ 


SCR200  VHF  Receiver  Boerd 

tB  Poi«  From  End  Fitf.  +  wide  dynamic 
ranoa— reduces  ovartoad.  apurtous  Raap.  & 
IMsl 

►  Sena  0  3  uV/12dB  SIN  AD  typ. 

iSal  SdB  m  ±  6  5  KHz  13CdB  @  i  30KHz  iS 
Pole  Crystal  +  4  Pole  Cofamic  Filra. 

**S  Mftisr'  Discriminator  &  Devisiion  Mtr    Otil^ 

» Eic  au<fio  quality^  Fssi  squelch!  w/0  0006% 
Cryaiai  f'Sup^f  Sharp"  if  fin  atso  avmU 

SCR20C  Receiver  Assembly 

I SCR200  mountad  In  ati^klKJ  houaing 
»Compieialy   aambid    S    tastad,   w/F.T    caps, 

S0239conn, 
I  As  u3ecJ  tn  the  SCRTOOO  Ready  to  drop  Into  youf 

SCR450  UHF  Receiver  Bd,  or  Asty. 

»  Similar  lo  SCR200.  excopt  42CM7(>MH£ 


WM  ALSO 
AVAILABLE 
See  Aug.  73  Ad, 


FL  6  Rcvr.  Front 


FL6 


reselector 


a  G  Hi  O  Rasanatofs  with  LoNoisa  Transtsior  Amp  i2M  or 
220  WHiEl, 

a  Providai  tremendous  rejection  oi  "out  ot  band"  iignala 
miou\  the  uftuel  lois'  Can  often  t>e  used  insi«ad  of  large 
expensive  cavity  (liters 

a  Extremely  helpful  ai  site^  with  many  neafby  V^HF  transmit 
ers  to    taster  out    ihese  oui  ot  Dand  signals 

CTCtOO  Rptr.  COR  UmarfCenfrol  Sd 

•  Compieie    solid    state   coniiol    for    rptr    GOfl.    "Hang" 
Timor,  '"Tirn#<Jul  ■  Tim«f,  TX  Shutdown/ Reset,  etc 

•  Inctydes  inputs  &  Qytputs  lor  pan^l  controls  1  lamps 


Repeatef  Too*  «  CofltFOl  &4e.— For  SCR1000^4000 
i  CTCtOOnDZSC  only 
TRA'I  "Couriaey  Tone  Beeper"  Soartj 
#Puls  out  a  tone  b^rop  apx    i  sec   afier  RX  stQ. 
dropa  — thus  atlovvlng  time  for  breakers 

^Resets  TO,  TImaf  aflar  "t>eep'' 

TMR>1  "Karchunkar  KlUar"  or  "Time  Out  Warning 
Tone'  Sd. 
o  Fof  One  of  above  2  fync lions 

•  "KifChunker  Keller"  provides  adj  delay  tO-IO 
sec  )  for  tmrianptr  accass  Aulo- Reset  at  end  of 
QSO. 

•  TO   Warning  Tone  provides  aiariing  "waftile 
apx.  10  sac  belore  '  time  out  ' 


SCAP  Autopstch  Board 

Proyidea  all  basic  autopatch  fur^ctions 
■Socufa  3  Digit  Accesa;  1  Auk  On-Otf  function, 

Audto  AGC;  ButlMn  timara;  etc  Baay ttf ul  Audio ■ 
*0/\  inhibit  bd.  al»o  available 
» Wrlt»Cftlt  lor  details  and  a  data  sheet 

RPCM  Board 

•  U$ad  ^/SCAP  board  to  provide    Revefse  Patch" 
ar^d  Lanif  Lme  Control  of  Repealer 

»  Includes  'a«d  i'"*    answering   ccuitrf 

ID250  CW  ID  A  Audio  Mlxet  Boerd 

a  Adjustable  iO  rone  speeds  ievel,  timing  cycle 
i4  mput  AF  l^iver  &  Local  Mic  amp 

•  COR  mpul  &  Jimtr  hold  Circuitt 

•  CMOS  logic,  PROM  memory— 250  biia/Channai 

•  Up  10  4  dttlertnt  ID  channels^ 

•  Many  other  teatures  Factory  Programmed 


^ 


^^*j#r^ 


PSM*1  Repeetef  Power  Supply  Mod  Kit 

•  For  SCR  1000  or  SCR-4000 
Replaces  Darlington  Pass  Tr  —tor  improve 
rmitabiiiry 

Inciudai  new  overvoUaga  "Crowbar"  shut- 
down Circuit. 

•  Complete  Kit,  w^assambl^d  PC  board.  S  19.50 

+  $350  sh  lipping /hand  I  mg. 

PRM200  Power  Supply  Fitter 
Cep/Regulfttor/Metering  Board 

•  Aa   ui«d   in   \rm   SCRlQOO   as   main   part   of 
13JVDOaA  Pwr.  Spiy 

•  Includes  14,000  ^F  Filter  Cap.  Reg  fC  and  Drivef 
Tfanav,  Vfl  Meter  shunts  and  Cal  pota. 

•  Requires  Xfmr,.  Br.  Rect .  Pass  IrJHeal  Stnk,  (Op- 
tional Meter),  for  complete  supply. 


SCT410  XMTR.  ASSY. 
SCTHO  VHF  Xmtr/Exclfer  Board 

•  ?  Of  10  Wts  Output  100%  Duly  Cycle' 

•  InflnJIe  VSWR  proof. 

•  True  FM  lor  axe  audio  quality 

•  Designed  specifically  tor  continuous  rptr  sor 
vice  Very  low  in  "whjte  noise  " 

•  Spurious -70  d8  Hsfmonics -60  dB 

•  Wttti  .00105%  xtal. 

•  BA'10  30  Wt  Amp  tiCMni  &  Heet  Stnk.  3  seo  LP. 
Filler  &  rel.  pwr.  seitsor.  BATS  7S  WL  unft  also 
available. 

SGT110  Transmitter  Assembly 

^SCTltO  moi/n  t9d  tn  shte  fi:ted  hQus  tng 

•  Same  as  usad  an  SCRlQOO. 

•  Gompleiely  assmbld.  w/F.T.  caps,  S0239  conn. 

•  7.  10.  30,  or  75  Wt.  unit. 

SCT410  UHF  Transmitter  Bd.  or  Assy. 

•  Stmtiar  to  SCI  fW.  W  Wts  nom 

•  Avail    w/  or  w/o  OS- IS  Sup«r  H^ilk  StaWHty 
Cryatal  Oec  JOven. 

•  BA-40  40W.  UHF  AMP.  BD.  &.  HEAT  SJNfC 

PC6-1  Xmtr.  Powor  Control  Board 

•  For  SCTI  to  or  SCTitO  Emc  iters 

•  Varies  B+  lo  control  Pwr  Out 

•  Switchable  HJ,  Low.  or  Med   Pwr  out,  locally  or 
ramotely.  Adj,  levejs, 

TTC100  Touchtone 


i: 


Control  Board 


AJ 


con/mvNW/iTiONS  corp. 


Inqulm  about  'syrpfus'  220  TX  9oer«fa.  Vt  Pricmt 
iNorristown,  PA  19401    •    (215)6311710 


•  3  digrt  ON,  3  digit  OFF  control  of  a  jingle  repeater 
funcfion.  or  (opllonaf^  2  functions  (2  digits  ON/OFF 
each), 

•  Can  be  used  to  pull  In  a  relay,  trigger  joflic,  etc. 

•  Typically  used  tor  Rptr.,  ON/OFF,  HtyLO  Pwr  PL 
Of^/OFF.  Patch  Inhibit/Reset,  etc. 

•  Stable  antMalaing  design  5s  IJmit  on  access 
For  add1  function's),  add  a  "Parliat  TTC"  board 

Calf,  or  ^6B 

Send  ^of 
0«ta  SAeetaf 


m^Se0  List  of  AJve/r/se/s  o/r  page  7 14 


73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     71 


cw 


The  Air  Force  Way 


Staff  Sgt.  Ed  Metzter 

Keester  Techmcal  Training  Center 

KeG5ier  AFB  MS  39534 


Thousands  of  hams  use 
Morse  code  every  day 
to  make  gontact  with 
friends  and  acquaintances 
around  the  world,  but 
Morse  systems  operators  in 
the  Air  Force  use  the  inter- 
national code  for  a  more 
serious  reason, 

''The  people  we  train 
here  will  go  to  various  in- 
stallations around  the 
world,  mainly  to  assist  in 
communications-gathering 
operations/'  said  Major  Em- 
mitt  D.  Lane,  chief  of  the 
Systems  Operations  Branch 
at  Keesler  Technical  Train- 
ing Center,  Keesler  Air 
Force  Base,  Mississippi. 
''Our  operators  monitor 
and  transcribe  radio  com= 
munications  at  many  loca- 
tions, providing  the  Air 
Force  with  a  secure  com- 
munications security  pro- 
gram." 


It's  a  critical  job  in 
today's  complex,  ever- 
changing  world  and  it's  the 
job  of  the  Systems  Opera- 
tions Branch  to  see  that  the 
Air  Force  operators  are 
highly  qualified  for  their 
responsibilities.  The  branch 
is  under  the  command  of 
the  3300th  Technical  Train- 
ing Wing,  the  Air  Force's 
electronics  training  center. 
At  Keesler^  airmen  selected 
for  Morse  systems  operator 
duty  undergo  an  intensive 
21 -week  course  of  instruc- 
tion that  is  divided  into 
three  blocks  of  instruction. 
Students  must  be  abfe  to 
transcribe  20  groups  of 
code  per  minute  to  grad* 
uate  from  the  course,  al- 
though the  average  gradu- 
ate does  about  25  five-char- 
acter groups  a  minute. 

To  achieve  this  end, 
students    spend    approx- 


imately six  hours  a  day,  five 
days  a  week  in  the  class- 
room. In  block  I,  the 
students  are  introduced  to 
international  Morse  code 
and  typing, 

''We  teach  by  the  reflex 
method,"  said  Cicero 
Rhodes,  an  instructor  super- 
visor who  spent  more  than 
20  years  in  the  field  before 
retiring   from    active   duty. 


"When  the  students  hear 
the  dahs  and  dits  on  their 
headphones,  they  automat- 
ically type  the  letter  or 
number.  After  a  lot  of  drill 
and  repetition,  it  becomes 
second  nature  to  them/' 

"Students  learn  the  31 
characters  during  their  first 
week  of  school/'  said 
Technical  Sgt.  Robert  C. 
Templin,  block  I  instructor. 


6/ocfc  /  students  are  drilled  on  the  basic  characters  of  ir^ter- 
national  Morse  code. 

72     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


A  block  I  instructor  uses  the  Vibroflex  key  to  drill  students 
before  hooking  into  the  distribution  center. 


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m-'See  Usi  of  AOventsers  an  page  1f4 


73Magazm&  •  July.  1982     73 


A  student  in  block  III  scans  radio  frequencies  for  message      A  Vibroftex  semi-automatic  key  used  by  instructors  to  drill 
traffic.  students  on  individual  characters. 


''We  combine  learning  tine 
character  sounds  and  typ- 
ing. On  day  one,  they  (earn 
the  first  finger  characters 
as  they  appear  on  a  stan- 
dard typewriter,  day  two 
we  teach  second  finger,  and 
so  on  By  the  end  of  the 
block,  students  are  ex- 
pected to  copy  12  groups 
per  minute  " 

Templin  added  that  stu- 
dents who  show  effort,  but 
have  some  difficulty  learn- 
ing the  code,  are  set  back  in 
the  course  to  bring  their 
proficiency  up.  About  30 
percent  of  the  students,  for 
one  reason  or  another,  do 
not  graduate. 

After  learning  the  charac- 
ters, the  ditty-bop pers,  as 
they  call  themselves,  work 
on  their  copy  speed.  As  with 
learning  the  characters,  this 
is  done  gradually. 

''We  start  the  classes  at 
four  groups  per  minute, 
then  work  up  to  12/'  said 
Templin,  "Ifs  a  matter  of 
repetition  and  memoriza- 
tion," Codes  are  transmit* 
ted  to  the  various  class^ 
rooms  by  a  closed-circuit 
system  from  a  single  distri- 
bution center.  The  center 
can  send  code  in  separate 
speeds  to  individual  stu- 
dents or  send  uniform  code 
to  an  entire  class.  The  code 
tapes  are  made  by  the  school 
staff,  and  unlike  other 
branches  of  the  military, 
are  done  by  hand  rather 
than  computer.  According 
to  Rhodes,  this  personal- 
ized   system    allows    for 

74     73 Magazine  *  July,  1982 


more  individual  attention. 

In  the  basic  block,  stu- 
dents spend  three  to  four 
hours  a  day  copying  mes- 
sages from  the  distribution 
center.  Some  time  is  also 
spent  in  character  drills.  Us- 
ing  the  Vibroflex  semi- 
automatic key,  an  instruc- 


tor can  drill  the  20  or  so 
students  in  his  class  on  par- 
ticular problem  characters 
or  patterns  before  hooking 
up  to  the  center. 

In  blocks  11  and  III, 
students  continue  to  in- 
crease their  copying  speed 
while  [earning  other  facets 


An  instructor  prepares  a  tape  that  will  be  used  to  broadcast 
horn  the  distribution  center 


of  the  career  field.  In  the  in- 
termediate block,  students 
are  taught  radio  wave  and 
antenna  theory  and  how  to 
operate  receivers.  At  the 
end  of  this  block,  students 
are  able  to  copy  16  groups 
of  code  per  minute.  The  last 
block  deals  with  complex 
receiving  using  more  than 
one  receiver  and  locating 
copy  on  different  frequen- 
cies. By  the  end  of  block  III, 
students  are  expected  to 
copy  20  groups  per  minute, 

'"It's  a  very  demanding 
course,"  said  Sergeant 
Templin.  "The  material  is 
very  abstract.  If  someone  is 
having  trouble  with  a  par- 
ticular character,  you  can't 
just  say,  'OK,  turn  to  page 
14  in  the  text  and  read  all 
about  the  letter  C/  It  re- 
quires a  person  who  isn't 
nervous  or  high  strung,  who 
won't  get  upset  about  every 
mistake  he  or  she  makes." 

"Like  anything  else,  it 
takes  a  lot  of  practice  and 
patience/'  Rhodes  empha- 
sized. "How  many  tennis 
balls  do  you  think  you'd  hit 
perfecting  your  backhand? 
Our  methods  aren't  hit  and 
miss,  by  any  means,  but  I 
would  say  that  repetition  is 
the  keystone  to  learning 
Morse  code/' 

"Tm  confident  our  meth- 
ods work  and  that  we  are 
turning  out  very  capable 
people  into  the  field,"  said 
Major  Lane  "We  have  to; 
our  graduates  fill  some  of 
the  most  critical  positions 
in  the  Air  Force."  ■ 


t'.V 


o-«2, 


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A 


AMATEUR  RADIO  INNOVATIONS 


i 


SOCIAL 


EVENTS   ] 


MtLWAl>K£E  Wl 
JUL  6- VI 

TTm  YL  InJemaliofiaJ  Single  Sideband- 
efs  (YLISSBl  19S2  Cofiv«ntioR  will  be  helcJ 
on  J  u  ly  a- 11 . !  962.  in  M 1 1 M  aukae  W I  Acti  v^ 
t^a  will  include  the  OX  lloun<}up,  the  Sy^ 
terns  Awards  Banquet  on  Salurday  night, 
ttfid  a  major  doof  pri^a  ol  an  tcoin  tC-2AT. 
Jgan  Chittenden  WA28GE  will  lall  about 
hf&f  recent  Chinra  trip,  Pre-conventiofi  ac- 
tivrlies  will  begin  July  5.  t982,  iMith  goif- 
ing,  fishing,  and  side  trips  planned  De- 
tailed information  mar  be  obtained  by 
sending  an  SASE  {business  si^  to  Sirs 
Musachi  KB9QC.  PO  Box  18123,  Mitwau- 
k£e  Wl  53216 

STATE  COLLEGE  PA 
JUL  10 

TTie  Nitlany  An^at^r  fladto  Qlut>  Hain 
Festrvai  will  t)&  mic  on  juty  lO,  1902:*  from 
8:00  am  to  4:00  ptftt.  at  the  HR&^ng»r  pic- 
nic grcHjnds.  Sdenc«  P«nt  Road  ibetwieen 
US  ^2  West  and  Rte  26  East).  Slate  Col^ 
lege  PA.  Talk  in  on  146J&J6.  146 2^85. 
and  146.52  Features  wkU  mclude  a  Ilea 
market,  technical  seaslpnts,  numerous 
pfiies  and  cofitesis.  ami  refreshments. 
Tickets  are  S3  00;  laiigating  and  ta£)Ees  are 
SS.OO.  For  more  information,  contact 
Richard  L  Sin«  K&3WN  1600  E.  Branch 
Road.  State  GoHege  PA  16801. 

OAK  CHEEK  Wl 
JULY  10 

The  South  Mllwaukeft  Amateur  Radio 
Ciub  will  hold  its  annual  swapfest  on  Satur^ 
tJay,  July  iO.  1982,  from  7:00  am  lo  5:00  pm 
at  the  American  Legion  Posi  i^.  9327 
South  Shepard  Avenue,  Oak  Creek  WL  Ad^ 
miss  Jon  is  $2.00  and  (nclcides  a  happy  hour 
with  tree  beverages.  Prizes  include  a  $100 
first  prize  and  e  $60  second  prl^e  plus  a 
variety  of  other  prices  to  be  awarded  during 
the  day.  Parking,  a  picnic  area,  hot  and  cold 
sandwiches,  liquid  relreahments,  and  over- 
night camping  will  be  available.  Talk-In  on 
146.94  Mora  detail  a,  thCludlnf}  a  map.  may 
tie  obtained  from  the  South  Milwaukee  Am- 
ateur Radio  CFub.  PO  Box  102,  South 
Milwaukee  Wl  53172. 

WILTON  ONT  CAN 
JULIO 

TheQyrlington  Amateur  Radbo  Club  will 
hotd  the  8th  annual  Ontario  Hamtest  on 
Saturday.  July  10, 1932^  at  the  Milton  Fair> 
g round e,  Milton,  Ontario,  Admission  is 
S3.00  per  person  or  S2-00  (Or  pie-registra^ 
lion,  There  will  be  a  flea  market,  <lisolays. 
an  auction,  contests,  and  pfi/ea.  Camping 
will  t>e  available  and  grounds  will  op»n 
Frtday  ntght  for  earty  campeia.  For  pri^ 
registration,  contacl  Mike  Gobb 
VE3MWR.  PO  Box  836.  Burlington  L7R 
3y7,  Canada 

aOiSSEVAIN  MAN  CAN 
JUL  10-11 

The  t^h  annuiffll  lntefnation>al  1-lan^fest 
will  be  held  on  Ju^y  10^1 1, 1982.  on  Ihe  Ca- 
nadian side  oMhe  Infemailonai  Peace 
Gardens  between  Ounsettti  ND  and  Bojs- 
sevaJn  MAN  in  the  Canadian  Pavilion.  Ac- 
tivities will  include  transmitter  hynis,  mo- 
bile judging,  CW  and  OLF  contests,  «emt- 
nars  for  OMs  arid  yls,  flea  mariieis,  a  ham 
auction,  a  Sslurdaymght  darftce, a  Sunday 
mHDfntng  breaittast,  arvd  lol$  oH  Qf^^^t 
prizes.  For  ittofe  informatii^n,  contact  Ber- 
file  Areand  Wt3MD,  PO  Box  53.  Epc^ing 


ND  58843,   or   William    M     Shryock,   Jr 
WMGRC,  322  Easi  4th  Street,  Wifliston 
ND  56801, 

RAPID  CITY  SD 
JUL  10-11 

The  Black  Hills  ARC  will  hold  the  annu- 
al South  Dakota  Hamtest  on  Juty  10-11, 
1982.  at  the  Siirbeck  Center.  SO  School  ot 
Mines  and  Technology,  Rapid  City  SD. 
Pfe- registration  is  $7.00^  registration  at 
Itie  ^ooT  is  S@'QQ-  There  will  be  a  pure 
ffrawing  for  pre-regiSitrarfts.  Forums.,  corv 
le^ts,  a  picnic^  and  prices  Tables  are  free 
tor  the  ftea  marl^eL  Talk  in  on  .34^.94 
(WPBUQ,  For  further  informaUon,  write 
Btadt  Hills  ARC,  c^  Rudy  WW^A.  4622 
C^itOl,  Rapid  City  SO  57701, 

MAPLE  RIDGE  SC  CAN 
JUL  10-11 

The  Map^e  Rtdge  ARC  will  hold  its  Hanv 
fe&f  '82  on  July  lavt^  1962,  at  I  he  Mapid 
Ridge  Fairgrounds,  located  30  mites  east 
ol  Vancouver.  Maple  Ridge  BC.  Registra- 
tion for  hams  is  $5.00;  tor  non  hams  over 
t2  years  old.  S2.00.  There  will  be  food, 
prizes,  a  swap  &  shop.  dtspJays,  a  t>unny 
hunt«  ladies'  and  children's  programs,  and 
a  main  prize  drawmg  for  a  Kenwood 
TR-2500.  Camper  spaces  will  be  avail  able 
f$ome  With  electrical  hiookups)  Talk  in  on 
l4§.20rS0.  For  more  informal  ion  and  reg- 
istration, comae!  Mapte  Ridge  ARC.  Box 
292,  Maple  Ridge  BC  V2X  7GZ 

ALEXANDER  m 
JUL11 

The  Genesee  Radio  Amateurs,  Inc.,  will 
hold  the  second  annual  A RRL- approved 
Batavia  Hamfest  on  Sunday.  July  11, 1982, 
from  7:00  am  to  5;00  pm  at  tfie  Alexander 
Firemefi's  Grounds,  Rle.  9&(nlne  miles  south 
of  Batayia),  Alexander  NY.  Registration  is 
S2.00  in  advance,  $3.00  at  the  gate,  and 
SivOO  tor  the  flea  market.  There  will  be 
man/  prizes,  a  large  exhibit  area.  OM  and 
VL  programs,  contests,  plenty  of  food, 
overnight  camping,  and  a  boat  anchor 
auction  at  3;00  pm.  Talk  in  on  4.71/5.31 
(WaRCX)  or  .52,  For  advance  tickets,  make 
checks  payable  to  Batavia  Hamlast,  c/0 
Gram,  Inc.,  Box  572,  Batavia  NY  14020 

MCKEESPORT  PA 
JUL  11 

The  Two  Rivers  Amateur  Radio  Club, 
Inc.,  will  hold  its  annual  hamfest  on  July 
11,  1962,  from  9:00  am  to  5:00  pm,  ai  the 
McKeesport  Campua  of  Perm  State  Uni- 
versity, McKeesport  PA.  There  will  be 
forums,  prizes,  food,  an  outdoor  flea  mar- 
ket, and  indoor  setups  Talk-in  on  146.22J 
.62-  For  more  information.  te^hone{4l^ 
464^1550. 

INDIANAPOLIS  IN 
JULY  11 

The  Indiana  State  Amateur  Radto  Ctin- 
ventian.  in  conjunction  witti  thie  Iridianap- 
oUs  Ha mf  est  and  Computer  Show,  will  be 
held  on  Sunday,  July  11,  1982.  at  the  Man- 
on  County  Fairgrounds  at  tt»e  southeast- 
eni  intersection  of  1-74  arrd  1-466.  Gate 
tickets  afe  S4.00  and  entitle  you  to  all  ac^ 
ttvities,  including  thie  mafor  priie  drawing 
and  hourly  prizes.  There  will  be  inside  and 
outside  (lea  markets,  a  separate  compui^ 
BT  show  and  flea  mailtet,  a  comrnetctai 
vendors'  display  area,  technical  forums, 
club  aclivitres,  and  ladies    programs 


There  will  be  setups  after  12:00  noon  on 
Saturday,  July  10th,  Security  will  be  pro- 
vided Saturday  night  and  Sunday;  and 
camper  hookup  facilities  will  be  available 
on  the  grounds.  For  further  information, 
contact  Indianapolis  Mamf est.  Box  110B&, 
Indianapolis  IN  46201. 

MANCHESTER  NH 
JUL  17 

The  New  Hampshire  FM  Association  wiU 
hokj  an  electrortica  flea  marksl  on  Saturday. 
July  17.  1962.  at  the  Manchester  Municipal 
Airport,  Manchester  NH.  beginning  at  9:00 
am,  Ger>era]  admtss-ion  is  f  1.00  per  p^son; 
sellers,  S5O0  Sellers  sliouk]  tailgate  or 
bring  their  own  tables  Commercial  dis- 
piays  are  welcome,  Refreshrnents  will  be 
available  and  door  prues  will  bG  awarded. 
TatlHn  on  145  52  FM  and  124.9  AM.  For  ^- 
tt>er  infofmalion,  contacf  Dicit  DesRosiers 
W1KGZ  at  i:G03)^66fi-d6SO,  or  Ooug  Ark^ 
KTWRM.^  30  Meadowg^en  Drive,  Man- 
chestei  NH  03103,  (603^622^0831. 

SHE80YaA#<  Wl 
JUL  17 

Ttie  ttvird  annual  Sheboygan  Ck>unty 
Amateur  Radio  Club  Lakeshore  SwapTest 
and  Brat  Fry  wifl  be  held  on  July  17,  1962, 
from  3:00  am  to  4:t)0  pm.  at  Ihe  Wilson 
Tovm  Hetl,  soyth  o(  Sheboygan  Wl,  There 
wilt  be  a  public  auction  and  prizes  tables 
are  Iree  and  cam^ping  will  be  availaJDle  at 
Terry  Andie  State  Parti.  For  a  flyer  and  ad- 
diltonal  Information,  write  PO  Box  695^ 
Sheboygan  Wl  53DQ1,  or  call  (414H57- 


HARBOR  SPRINGS  Ml 
JUL  17 

The  Stratts  Area  Amateur  ^adio Club  wlH 
hold  it  a  annual  hamfesi  on  July  17,  13S2, 
from  9:00  am  to  4iX]  pm  at  the  Harbor 
Springs  High  School.  Hartsor  Springs  Ml. 
Donations  are  $2.00  at  the  door  and  table 
space  is  £2  50.  Doors  will  be  open  at  8:00 
am  tor  &elops.  Luhch  will  be  served  from 
11:00  am  to  1;00  pm  and  refreshments  will 
be  available  during  the  day.  There  will  be 
one  main  door  pri^e  and  smaller  prizes  will 
be  awarded  hourly.  The  school  parking  lot 
is  trea  for  aelf-^Dontained  RVs  to  use  for  ar> 
overnight  stay  and  many  places  of  interest 
to  YLs  are  available  nearby.  Talk*ln  on 
.S2^.52  and  146,07^67.  For  more  delails, 
Conlact  Mr  Bernie  Stotnick  KBSRE,  630 
Ann  Street,  Harbor  Springs  fvll  49740,  ot  call 
(eT6)-526-56U. 

EUGENE  OR 

JUL  17-ia 

The  Lane  County  Ham  Fair  will  be  held 
on  July  17-fe.  1962,  at  me  Oregon  Nation- 
ai  Guard  Armoiy.  2515  Centennial,  Eu- 
gene OR.  Tickets  are  $4.00  each  and  entl^ 
tie  Ihe  holder  to  one  extra  drawing  tickel 
Iree  ^f  pufchased  before  July  Isl.  Doors 
will  open  at  6;00  am  Saturday  and  Sunday. 
Features  miU  include  a  swap  si^d  shop  at 
$5.00  a  table,  a  2-meter  bunny  hunt,  wonv 
en's  activities,  a  children's  corner,  com- 
puter demos,  technical  seminars,  QCWA, 
and  a  grand  pn^e  of  an  I  com  730  fow-band 
mobile  rig  There  will  be  an  all-day  snack 
bar.  tree  parking  for  RVs  (no  hooKups}, 
and  a  Saturday  pollock  supper  at  6:00  pm. 
Tallt'in  on  .52/.52.  146.2af,36,  t47,d&rj^ 
And  3,910  HF,  For  advance  liekels,  send 
an  SASE  to  Eunice  Brown  WA7MOK,  2456 
Corral  Courl.  Springfield  OR  97477.  or 
phone  l503H47-79(3&. 

8QWL114G  OREEN  OH 
JUL  18 

The  i7th  armuai  Wood  County  HafrvAr 
fUma  will  be  ti^  on  Sunday.  July  IS. 
1962,  at  the  Wood  County  Fairgrounds, 
Bowling  Green  OH.  Gates  will  open  at  TO 


am,  with  free  admission  and  parking. 
There  will  be  drawings  for  prizes:  tickets 
are  $1 .50  in  advance  ar>d  $2.00  at  the  gate. 
Trunk  sales  space  and  food  will  be  avail- 
able,  Advance  table  rentals  are  13,00  to 
dealers  only.  Saturday  setup  available  un- 
til e:00  pm.  K8TIH  talk- in  on  .52.  For  more 
into  or  dealer  rentals,  send  an  SASE  to 
Wood  County  ARC,  c/o  S.  Irons.  PO  Box 
73.  Luckey  OH  43443. 

WASHINGTON  MO 
JULIO 

Tbe  Zero  Beaters  Amateur  Radio  Cfub 
wilt  hold  its  ham  f est  on  Sunday,  Juiy  ts,^ 
1982.  at  the  Washington  Fairgrounds. 
Washington  MO.  Taik-in  on  147.84^.24  For 
more  infofmation.  contact  Rich  Ngellce 
WAfNUI,  Rie,  3.  10  Richard  Drive, 
Washington  MO  &3O90i 

CANTON  OK 
JUL  IB 

The  Tusco  Radio  Club  tW6iZ?t|  and  the 
Canton  Arnatrair  Radio  Club  (WSAU  will 
tiold  live  8th  annual  Hali  of  Fame  Ham  lest 
on  July  10,  1962.  at  the  Nimishitlan 
Grange.  6461  Easton  Street.  Louisville 
OH.  Admission  is  S2,50  m  advance,  13.00 
at  the  gate,  ar>d  children  under  16  will  be 
aidmitted  free.  Tlie  fiea  market  will  open  at 
SbOO  am  and  activities  will  include  awaids, 
forums,  dealers,  and  XYL  programs.  Talk- 
in  on  146J9/79, 146^52/52.  and  147,72^.12, 
For  reservations  and/or  Inlornnalkin,  con- 
tact Butch  Lebold  WASSHP.  10877  Hazel- 
view  Avenue,  Alliance  OH  4460 L  or  phone 
(216V€2 1^794. 

LA  PORTE  IN 
JUL  18 

The  LaPorle  County  Summer  Hamfesi 
will  be  tmi^  on  Sunday,  July  ie,  1932,  at  the 
County  Fairgrounds,  LaPorie  IH^  Good 
food ,  CO  I  d  d  rinks ,  a  nd  a  n  Indoor  sell  I  ng  area 
will  be  available.  For  reservations  and  more 
information,  write  PO  Box  30*  LaPorte  IN 
46350. 

GRAND  RAPIDS  MN 
JUL  18 

The  Range  Wide  Hamfesi  will  be  held 
on  July  18,  1982,  from  10:00  am  to4:(X)  pm 
at  Gum  Park,  Highway  38,  6  ml  les  north  of 
Grand  Rapids  MN,  Admission  and  tables 
are  free.  Bring  the  family  for  a  picnic, 
games,  prizes,  and  fun.  Parking  and  camp- 
grounds will  be  available.  Talk-in  on 
146.28^.88  and  52.  For  more  information, 
write  Bob  WDOAAF,  736  Crystal  Springs 
Road,  Grand  Rapids  MN  55744,  or  call 
(213)-326'2258  ^even frigs). 

OKANOGAN  WA 
JUL  24-25 

The  Okanogan  Valley  International  Ham- 
test  will  be  heua  July  24-25,  1982.  at  the 
Okanogan  County  FairgrouriNds,  Okanogan 
WA.  R^istration  is  $3.00  for  nams  and 
$2iX>  for  non-hams.  Activities  wili  tr^clude 
bingo,  a  cake  walk,  a  2'riieter  bunrry  hunt» 
and  a  Sunday  pottuck  dinner,  followed  tsy 
a  drawing  fof  prizes  Talk-in  on  146.97. 
Hookups  will  be  available  (or  tftose  who 
rieed  tfiera  and  motels  and  restaurants  aie 
Close  by.  For  more  information,  contact 
Frank  Bjgeknv  WA7ZEV  Of  Byck  B4^h«non 
W7G5N. 

OKLAHOMA  CITY  OK 
JUL  23-25 

The  Central  Oklahoma  Radio  Amateurs, 
Inc.  will  hold  the  Oklahoma  State  ARRL 
Convention  at  "Ham  Holiday  '82"  on  July 
23-25. 1932.  at  tt^  Myriad  Convention  Cen- 
ter, OklatMima  City  OK.  Pre-feglstratlon  is 
S6.00  and  includes  free  ffeB-markei  le- 
bles.  The  pre-registrat^on  award  is  a  Radio 


76     73  Magazine  *  Jufy/1982 


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73Magaiine  •  July,  1982    77 


Shack  TRS-SO  color  computer.  Featured 
wjll  be  a  computer  fair  \with  programs  on 
personal  computers,  plus  an  ARRL  (orum, 
AMSAT,  DX  and  the  Art  of  QSLing,  FM,  An- 
tennas,  and  Alternate  Energy  Sources. 
There  wltf  be  an  Indoor  Hea  market,  corrt- 
mercial  displays,  a  ladies'  prografn,  and 
on  Saturday  night,  July  24th,  the  Oklaho^ 
ma  Diamond  Jubilee  Banquet  foJIowed  by 
a  western  dance.  The  Ham  Holiday  Grand 
Avvard  will  be  presented  on  Sunday,  July 
25\h.  For  registration  forms  and  addition- 
al information,  write  CORA  Ham  Holiday 
'82,  PO  Boh  15013.  Del  City  OK  73t55. 

WELLINGTOI^  OH 
JUL  24 

The    Norrhern    Ohio   Amateur    Radio 
Society  will  hold  its  annual  ARRL  NOARS- 


fest  on  Saturday,  Jul^y  24,  1962.  at  the 
Loratn  County  Fairgrounds,  1B  rnllea 
south  ot  Lorain ,  one  mtte  west  ot  Route  58 
on  Route  IS,  Wellington  OH.  Admission 
tickets  are  S2.50  m  advance,  $3.00  at  the 
gate,  and  are  good  tor  ail  prize  drawings. 
Children  under  12  will  be  admitted  tree. 
Admission  tickets  may  be  ordered  from 
NOARSfeSt,  PO  Sox  354,  Lorain  OH  44052. 
There  will  be  over  lOO  prl2es,  including  an 
Icom  730  and  power  supply,  an  Ameritron, 
Inc.,  Al-80  linear  amplifier,  and  an  Icom 
]C-2AT.  Featured  will  be  a  large  tlea  mar- 
ket with  parking  spaces  at  S1 .00  each,  free 
parking,  an  indoor  exhibit  tian^  refresh- 
ments, and  tree  overnight  camping  (with- 
out hookups)  on  Fridey.  Indoor  exhibit 
spaces  with  fl-foot  tables  are  available  at 
$3.00  each.  Send  a  check  for  advance  reg- 


istration to  Ernte  or  Pat  Jackson,  201  Park 
Avenue,  EJyria  OH  44035.  Talk- in  on 
146,52^.52  and  146.10/.70. 

ROUGH KEEPStE  NY 
JUL  24 

The  Mt.  Beacon  Amateur  Radio  Ciub 
wdl  hold  iits  annual  t^amfest  on  July  24, 
1982,  begmning  at  6:00  am.  at  the  Arimg. 
ton  Senior  High  School,  Poughkeepste 
NY.  Admission  is  $3.00  [ J(YLs  and  chi Id ren 
admitted  Iree),  tailgating  space  is  $3.00 
(includes  1  free  admission),  and  a  laisle 
space  is  $4.00  (includes  1  free  table  and 
admission).  Tiiere  will  tse  the  free  riea  mar- 
ket tables  jindoors,  parking  door  pri^e5^  an 
auction  starling  at  2:00  pm,  and  hot  food 
and  beverages,  Taik-ln  on  146,37/. 97  and 
14^,52,   For   additional   information,   ad- 


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■345 


78     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


vance  tickets,  or  registration,  send  an 
SASE  to  Walt  Goiter  WA2ZCN.  North  Hill- 
side Lake  Road,  VVappi;ngers  Falts  NY 
12590,  or  phone  (914)-226-6636. 

GREENVILLE  OH 
JUL  24-25 

T tie  Treaty  City  Amateur  Radio  Associa- 
tion  will  be  operating  special  event  sta- 
lion  W&UMD  from  the  site  o1  the  Annie 
OakEey  Days  celebration,  from  1600Z  Juty 
24  urttit  1600Z  July  25.  They  wl  1 1  operate  up. 
10  kHz  from  the  boltorr  ot  the  General 
band  on  40  and  20  meters  and  will  venture 
into  the  40-metGr  Novice  band  occasionaJ- 
(y.  Send  a  business  size  SASE  and  QSL 
cards  for  a  speciat  certificate  to  TCARA. 
Box  91,  Greenville  OH  45331. 

WEST  FRIENDSHIP  MD 
JUL  25 

The  Baltimore  Radio  Amateur  Tslevi- 
smn  Society  (BRATS)  will  hoid  its  annual 
BRATS  MaryJand  hamfest  on  Sjnday,  Ju- 
ly 25,  1982,  at  the  Howard  County  Fair- 
grounds, Route  144  at  Rottle32.  adjacent 
to  Interstate  70,  about  15  miJes  west  of 
Baltimore.  In  West  Friendship  MD.  Indoor- 
tables  with  ac  power  are  $16.00  each; 
without  ac  power,  $10.00  each,  tndpor  tall- 
gating  is  $5.00  per  space:  outdoor  tailgal- 
ing  is  S3.00  per  space.  Overnight  RV  hook-- 
ups  wiM  be  available.  For  more  informa- 
tion and  reservations,  write  to  BRATS,  PO 
Box  5915,  Baltimore  MD  ai20fl. 

CENTREVILLE  Ml 
JUL  25 

The  Amateur  Radjo  Pitbiic  Servtce  As- 
social  ion  of  St.  Josepti  County  Ml  will 
hold  its  4th  annual  swap  and  shop  on  July 
25,  1982,  at  the  St.  Joseph  County  Fair- 
grounds^  Centreville  IMI.  Doors  open  aiB;00 
am.  Tickets  are  £2.00  in  advance  and  33.00 
at  the  gate.  Indoor  tables  are  S2.00  Trunk 
sales  are  tree.  Camping  iis  available  Satur- 
day night  only  for  £6,00,  Taik-in  on  146.52. ' 
For  more  information,  contact  Dennis 
Cutler  NSDDtJ,  3051  Z  Avenue,  Vickesburg 
Ml  49097- 

WHEELING  WV 
JUL  25 

The  Triple  Stales  Radio  Amateur  CJub 
will  hold  Jts  4th  annual  bamfest  on  Sun- 
day, J  u  ly  25, 1 962,  Ffom  9;00  am  to 4:00  pm,. 
at  Wheeling  Park,  Wheeling  WV.  Admis-' 
sion  is  $2-00  (50/50);  children  under  12  will 
be  admitted  free.  There  will  be  major 
prizes  plus  door  prizes  every  15  m  In  utes;  a 
t5-minute  auction  eveTy  hour  on  the  hour: 
free  parking  for  1,000  cars;  refreshments; 
ARRUSWOT/TSRAC  booths;  indoor  deal- 
er displays;  and  a  flee  market.  There  will 
be  setups  the  nig  hi  betore  ot  at  7:00  am 
Sunday  morning.  Talk-tn  on  146.31/.91  and 
146.52.  For  advance  dealer  registration, 
elecificai  outtet  and  table  requests,  sub- 
mission of  free  ads  for  the  club's  hamfest 
issue,  and  more  information,  corjtact 
TSRAC,  Box  240,  RD  2.  Adena  OH  43901. 

NEWORLEAf^SLA 
JUL  25 

The  Del g ado  Community  College  Ama- 
teur Radio  CJub  will  hoid  its  annual  swap- 
test  on  Sunday,  July  25,  1982,  from  8:00  am 
to  4 :  OO  p  m,  at  th  e  P^n  st  y le  to  C  it  y  Park ,  isfe w 
Orleans  LA  There  is  no  charge  for  setting; 
up.  but  those  parilcipating  must  bring  their 
own  tables.  Admission  is  free.  There  will  l>e 
plenty  of  free  parking,  and  food  and  drinks 
wHI  be  availabfe  nearby.  Talk-in  on  T46.67. 
For  turther  irrformation,  contact  Jim  Wolfe^ 
Club  President,  Oelgado  Amateur  Radio 
Club,    Delgado  Commur>ity   Coilegei   616 


Continued  on  page  150 

Reader  Service  far  facing  page  ^^15-^ 


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MODEL 


DESCRIPTION 


QTV 


Send  St  for  enlarged  catafogFree  with  every  order 
Prices  on  sdmo  items  may  be  higher  in  retail  store! 


UNIT  PRICE 


NAME 


MINIMUM  SHIPPING 


2      ADDRESS 


NO  SALES  TAX  fN  NH 


CITY 


STATE 


ZIP 


TOTAL 


CARDNR 


ilHECil 


MASTERCARD 


PRICE 


3.50 


VISA 


BKP  DATE 


SIGNATURE 


(PRICES  SUBJECT  TO  CHANGE  WITHOUT  NOTICE) 


ORDER  BLANK   ^S 


61  LOWELL  RO.,  HUDSON.  N.H.  03051 
TEU  (603)  883-5005 


'See  List  ot  Adverrtsers  on  p«g«  TI4 


73  Magazine  •  JyiyJ982     81 


K INWCJOO      2m  FH  tllANSCtlVCN 


CONVENIENT  TOP  CONTROLS 


't  ^3Fr■6^T■^^lf^ 


Tlie  TR-2500  is  a  compact  2 
meter  FM  handheld  transceiver 
featuring  an  LCD  readout,  10 
memories^  lithium  battery 
meinoiy  back-up,  memory  scan, 
programmable  automatic  band- 
scan,  Hi/Lo  power  switch  and 
built-in  sub -tone  encoder. 

TR-2500  FEATURES: 

•  Extremely  compact  and  light 
weight  66  [2-5/8)  W  x  168  (6-5/8) 
H  X  40  a-5/S]  D,  mm  (inchesl. 
540  g.  (1 .2  lbs)  with  NiCd  pack, 

•  LCD  digital  frequency  readout. 

•  Ten  memories  Includes  *M0" 
memory^  for  non-standard 
split  repeaters. 

•  LltJiium  battery  memory 
back-up*  built-in,  (est.  5  year  life}, 

•  Memory  scan. 

•  Programmable  automatic  band 
scan  allows  upper  and  lower 
frequenc}^  limits  and  scan  steps 
of  5  kHz  and  larger  (5, 10, 15. 
20,  30  kHz  . . .  etc)  to  be 
programmed. 


■:d  -(');/'> 


SOUflCH  FOWtft-VOL 


UP/DQWrsl  iiictiiual  scan. 
Repeater  reverse  operation. 
2-5  W  or  300  mW  1<F  output. 
(HI/ LOW  power  switch). 

-  Built-in  tunable  (with  variable 
resistor)  sub-tone  encoder. 

«  Built-in  16-key  autopatch. 

•  Slide-iock  battery  pack. 
Keyboard  frequency  selection. 
Covers  143.900  to  148.995  MHz 
in  5  idriz  steps. 

■'  Optional  power  source,  MS4 
mobile  or  ST-2  AC  charger/ 
power  supply  allow^s  operation 
wiiHe  charging.  (Automatic 
drop-in  connections  J 
High  impact  plastic  case. 
I3attery  status  indicator. 

-  Two  lock  switches  for  keyboard 
and  transmit. 

Standard  accessories; 

•  Flexible  rubberized  antenna  with 
BNC  connector. 

•  400  mAH  heavy-duty  Nl-Cd 
battery  pack. 

•  AC  Charger. 


Optional  accessories; 

•  VB^2530  25  W  RF  Power  amp. 
I3NC-BNC  cables,  and  mounting 
bracket,  supplied. 

•  MS4    13.8  VDC  mobile  stand/ 
charger/power  supply. 


Optional  accessories: 

•  ST-2  Base  station  power  supply 
and  quick  charger  (a pprox  1  hrj 

•  TU-!  Programmable  "DIP  switch' 
(CTCSS)  encoder 

•  SMC-25  Speaker  microphone. 

•  LH'2  Deluxe  leather  case. 

•  PB''25  Extra  Ni-Cd  battery  pack, 
400  mAH,  heavy-duty. 

•  BT-1  Battery  case  for  A  A 
manganese  or  alkaline  cells. 

■  BH-2  Belt  hook. 

•  WS-1  Wrtst  strap. 

•  EP-1  Earphone. 


.^tm 

^ 

l^         1 

F    ■ 

^^ 

'^^f^f 

Optional  accessories: 

•  KPS-7  DC  power  supply  for 
TR-9130  base  station  operation. 
7  A  inteiiuittcnt,  6  A  continuous, 
protection  circuit  built-in. 

•  SP-40  compact  mobile  speaker. 
Only  2-11/16  W  x  24/2  H  x  2-1/8 
D  (inches).  Handles  3  watts 

of  audio. 

•  TK-1  AC  adapter  for  memory 
back-up  (not  shown)* 

All  mode  (FM/SSB/CW)  25  watts,  plus ...!!! 


The  TR-9i30  is  a  powerful,  yet 
compact,  25  watt  FM/USB/LSB/ 
CW  truisceivert  featuring  six 
memories,  memoiy  scan*  mem- 
oiy  back-up  capability,  automatic 
band  scan,  all-mode  squelch, 
and  CW  semi  break-in.  Available 
witb  a  18-key  autopatck  UP/ 
DOWK  micropbone  (MC-461,  or 
a  basic  UP/DOWN  microphone, 

TE-9130  FEATURES: 

•  25  Watts  RF  output  on  all 

modes.  (FM/SSB/CW). 


FM/USB/LSB/CW  all  mode.  The 
mode  switch,  witli  the  digital 
step  (DS)  switch,  determines  the 
size  [100  Hz,  1  kHz,  5  kHz,  10 
kHz)  of  the  tuning  step. 
Six  memories.  On  FM.  memories 
1-5  for  simplex  or  +600  kHz 
ofifset,  using  OFFSET  switch. 
Memory  6  ror  non-standard 
offset  All  six  memories  may  be 
simplex,  any  mode> 

Memory  scan.  Scans  memories 
in  w^hich  data  is  stored. 


•  Internal  battery  memory  back- 
up, using  9  V  Ni<^d  battery,  [not 
KENWOOD  supplied).  Memories 
are  retained  approx.  24  hours, 
adequate  for  the  typical  move 
from  base  to  mobile.  External 
bacK-up  terminal  on  the  rear. 

•  Automatic  band  scan.  Scans 
within  whole  1  MHz  segments 
(ie.,  144.0444.999  MHz). 

•  Dual  digital  VF'^O^s. 

•*  Transmit  frequency  leaning  while 
transmitting,  for  OSCAR 
operations. 


'4  P- 

^7 


KEN\A/aaD 

TRIO-KENWOOD  COMMUNICATIONS 

1111  West  Walnut,  Compton,  California  90220 


Squelch  circyit.  all  modes 

(FM/SSB/CW). 

Repeater  reverse  ^w?.tch. 

Tone  switch, 

CW  semi  break-in  circiait  with 

side  tone. 

Digital  display  with  green  LED's, 

Compact  size  and  lightweight. 

170  (6-11/16)  W  X  68  (24i/l"6J  H  x 

241  (9-1/2)  D  mm  tinch),  2.4  kg 

(5.3  lbs  J  weight. 

Covers  143.9  to  148.9999  MHz. 

HL^LOW  power  switch.  25  or  5 

watts  on  FM  or  CW. 

TVansmit  offset  switch. 

High  performance  noise  blanker. 

RF  gain  control,*  R(T  circuit. 


IHATI 


CMtrvft 


KIT/ ^11 


w«aNn 


(' 


m 


iAHO 


^     *     i 


#f '*^Hf 


*-• 


nOfiS** 


'^'►'"     'W^^'^i 


"Top-notch"... VBT,  notch,  IF  shift, 


jfie  TS-830S  has  every 
conceivable  operating  feature 
built'io  for  160-10  meters 
(including  the  three  new  bands]. 
It  combines  a  high  dynamic 
range  with  variable  bandwidth 
timing  (VBT)«  IF  ahifl,  and  an 
IF  notch  filter  as  well  as  very 
sharp  fUters  in  the  455  kHz 
second  IF. 

830S  FEATURES: 

LSB.  USB.  and  CW  on  160-10 

mcttTs.  including  tht-  new  [0. 18, 

Eirul  24-MHz  bands, 

Rpi  Hves  WWV  on  10  MHz. 


-  Wide  receJvrr  dynamic  range, 
Junction  FETs  in  the  balanced 
mixer,  MOSFET  RF  amplified  al 
low  leveL  and  dual  resonator  for 
each  band. 

•  Variable  bandwidth  tuning 
(V^T).  Varies  IF  filter  passband 

width. 

•  Notch  filter  hi^h-Q  active  circuit 
In  4 55 -kHz  second  IF. 

•  IF  shift  Ipassband  tuning). 

•  Noise-blanker  ihreshaJd 
level  cuntrul. 


TPM^j 


range 

•  BulU-ln  digital  display. 
(Hnort^scenl  tube),  wfth 
analog  dial. 

•  6146B  final  with  RF  negative 
feedback.  Runs  220  W  PEP 
fSSB}yl80  W  DC  ICWI  input  on 
all  bands. 

•  Built  in  RF  speech  processor. 

•  Narrow/ wide  filter  selection 
onCW. 

•  SSEJ  joonltor  circuit 

.  HIT  and  XIT  (transmitter 
increnu'utal  tunlngl. 


^Small  talk''.. JF  shift,  Processor,  N/W  switch,  affordable. 


A  compact,  all  soUd-atate  HF 
SSB/CW  transceiver  for  mobile 
or  fljced  base  station*  covering 
a<5  to  29.7  MHz. 

rS-iaOSE  FKATURES: 

•  8010  meters  including  the  new 

10, 18,  and  24  MHz  bands. 
Receives  WWV  on  10  MHz. 

•  JTS-130SE  runs  200  W  PEP/160 
iW  DC  input  on  80-15  meters, 
160  W  PEP/140  W  DC  on  12  and 
lo  meters.  TS4  30V  version  at 
25  W  PEP/20  W  DC.  all  bands, 
[also  available. 


^  Digital  display,  bulU-in. 

•  IF  shift  circuit. 

•  Speech  Processor  built  in. 

•  Narrow' wide  filter  selection  on 
CW  and  SSB  with  optional 

filters. 
■  Automatic  SSB  mode  selection 
(LSB  on  40  meters  and  below, 
USB  on  30  meters  and  uph 
SSB  reverse  switch  provided, 

•  RF  attenuator,  butlt-in. 

•  Final  ampilller  protection  circuit 
assures  maximum  reliabllilv. 


^  W- 


Optional  accessories: 

•  SP-230  external  speaker. 

•  VFO-230  external  digital  \TO 
wilh  five  memories,  digtaj 
display. 

•  VFO240  exicmal  analog  VFO, 

•  AT-230  anienna  tuner. 

•  YG  455C  (500  \\/}  or  YG^55CN 
(250  Hzi  CW  filter  for 

455  kHz  IF 

•  YK  88C  (500  Hz)  orYK^SCN 
(270  Hz]  CW  filter  for 

8.83  MHz  IR 

•  KB*1  deluxe  heavyweight  knob. 


45 


5^i 


^ 


Output  power  is  reduced  if 
abnomnal  operating  conditions 
occur.  For  very  severe  opera- 
tions, optional  cooling  fan,  FA-4, 
is  available,  TS-130S;widi  FA^ 
installed,  also  available. 

-  Effecdve  noise  blanker. 

•  DEmenalJEins:  3-3/4  H  x  9-1/2  W  x 
11-9/16  D  (tnchesj.  Weight: 

12.3  lbs, 

*  Other  features:  VOX.  CW  semi 
break- In  with  sidetone,  one  fixed 
channel,  and  25  kHz  marker. 


Optloiial  DFC-230  Digital 
Frequency  Controller 
Frequency  control  in  20'Hz 
steps  with  UP  DOWN  micro- 
phone (supplied  with  DFC  230) 
Four  memories  and  digital 
display  (Also  operates  with 
TS-126S,  TS530S.  and 
TS^830Sv) 


optional  accessories: 

•  PS -30  matching  power  supply 
rrS-130SEJ, 

•  KPS-21  power  supply 
tTS^130SEK 

•  PS'20  power  supply  ITS- 1 30V). 

•  SP-120  external  speaker. 

•  VFO  120  remote  VFO. 

•  FA-4  fan  unit  ITS-130SE). 

•  YK  88C  (500  Hz\  and  YK-88CN 
[270  Hz)  CW  filters. 

•  YK'88SN  {L8  kHz)  narrow  SSB 
niter. 

•  AT-130  antenna  tun  en 

•  MB-100  mobile  mounting 
bracket. 


\0 


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84     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


Save  Wlmeal  •  Call  AES  for  Low  KENWOOD  Prices 


TS-930S  9-band  Xevr/.l5Mhz  Re vr....v„*„ 1 1599.00 

AT'930  Automatic  antenna  tuner  „, 199.95 

TS-930S  w/AT-930  aufo  antenna  tun^r. 1799.00 

SP-930  External  spM  w/audio  filters......  79.95 

YK-ISC-l  500  Hi  CW  filter  {ht  IF) 89.95 

rK  88A-1  6  KHz  AM  filter  (1st  IF)-^..*.-...  59 J5 

YG-4SSC4  500  Hz  CW  fHter  (2nd  IF) 9995 

YK-455CPi-l  250  Hi  CW  hit&r  {2nd  IF] ..,.  119.95 


TS-130S  200w  PEPS  band  digital  Xcvr S7I9J5 

TS-nOSE  Same  as  TSISOS,  tess  fan 699-95 

TS-130y  25*  PEP  8  band  digital  Xcw. .,  599.95 

PS' 30  20A  [Kjwer  supply  for  TS-ISOS/SE  144.95 

PS'20  4  5A  power  supply  for  TS  130V 77,95 

DFC-230  DigJtal  freq  controller  w/mlc 289.95 

SP-40  Compact  mobile  speaker 25.95 

SP-120  Ejfterrral  speaker 41.00 

VFO'230  Digital  remote  VFO. ..„„.. .......  309.95 

VFO'120  Analog  remote  VFO ie4.95 

YK-&8C/ YK-&SCW  500  Hz  CW  filter ....,.,  62  95 

YK-BSCK  270  Hz  CW  filter,,. 62  95 

m-mu  1  8  KHz  SSB  filter....... 62.95 

AT-130  ebaiTd  antenna  tuner  „„ 144.95 

MB-100  Mobile  mount ..;.,,,  29.95 

MC-30S  U-Z  dynamic  mobile  mic .  29.95 

TS-530S  9'bandd(gftal  Xcvr.,..,. „„....  S739.95 

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¥K-agA  AM  filter....... 49.95 

VK-8EC/YK-e8CW  500  Hz  CW  filter 62.95 

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73  Magazine  •  July  J  982     aS 


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Roiln  Distributors 

P,0.  Box  436  Department  7 
Dunellen,N.J.088l2 

201-469-1219 


Lsfayette    Tempo      VHF  Eng 
(Custom  Crystal  Orders  Accepted.)     Precision  Cut  Land  Mobiles  Available 


REACH  OUT! 

VoCom  s  5/8  wave  gain  antenna: 

*  Dramatically  txwsts  reception. 

•  Gives  your  hand-held  full  quieting  from  places 
you're  nearly  dead  in  with  a  rubber  duck. 

Here's  Why  It  Works  So  Well: 

In  order  for  a  5/8  wave  antenna  to  provide  its  full  appar- 
ent gain  over  a  standard  1/4  wave  whip,  it  fnust  not 
only  appear  as  5/8  wavelength  at  2  meters,  but  *t 
must  also  utilize  a  ground  plane  Since  you  can't  al- 
ways operate  your  hand-held  from  a  car  roof  or  other 
metal  base.  VoCom  found  a  way  to  emulate  the 
ground  plane. 

At  ngh!  Js  the  circuit  that  does  it,  The  coil  that 
doubles  as  a  base  spring  is  tap  fed,  and  a 
matched  capacitor  compietes  the  reso- 
nant circuit. 

The  result  is  an  antenna  that,  fully  ex- 
tended, displays  better  than  1.5:1  VSWR 
across  the  entire  144-148  MH^  band. 
And.  when  collapsed,  it  is  the  operat- 
ing equivalent  of  a  rubber  duck.  (With 
8  of  the  10  sections  extended,  it 
is  a  5/8  wave  antenna  at 
220  MH2-> 


A 


How  to 

tell  a  VoCom 

5/8  wave 

antenna  from 

its  imitators: 

this  cutaway  shows 

the  base  spring/coi), 

its  feed  tap.  and  the 

resonant  circuit 

capacitor.  Or  you  can 

simply  check  the  VSWR— 

your  transmitter  will 

appreciate  the  differ^^ce. 


BASE 
SPRING/COIL 


TAP  FEED 


CAPACITOR 


VoCom 


•30 

PRODUCTS  CORPORATION 

55  East  Palatine  Road 
(312)  459-3680     Prospect  Heights,  IL  60070 


FTIOI    TS520  TS820 
FILTER  CASCADING 


Probably  the  most  popular  units  ever  pro- 
duced ^  these  solidly  buiU  Iransceivers  were 
twilt  to  LAST  If  you  can  live  without  gadgetry, 
why  replace  your  reliable  time-tested  rig 
with  a  costly  new  model?  Especially  since 
you  can  easNy  make  your  receiver  equal  in 
selectivity  and  ultimate  reiection  to  any  now 
on  the  market  with  an  inexpensive 
Foji-Tango  RIter  Cascadir^g  Krt! 
CONSIDER  THESE  FEATURES 

•  Easy  inslaltation  -  30  minute  average. 

•  No  dnllrng.  switching,  align menL 

•  Results  of  16  poles  of  filtering: 

Rlter  Shape  Factor  a^  htgli  as  1,19, 
Ultimate  Reiection  better  than  lOOdB. 
Works  wonders  on  SSB;  improves  CW. 

•  Compensates  for  RUer  Insertion  loss. 

•  Complete  instructions,  clear  diagrams. 

•  No  RX  audio  impairment.  TX  unaffected. 

•  Fits  all  models  of  Series  -  any  letter. 

•  10%  off  if  any  four  are  ordered  at  once. 

TS520  Series  Order  Kit  No.  520K S70 

TS820  Series:  Order  Kit  No.  820K $70 

FTlOl  Series  (notZD):  Order  Kit  No.  4K.  .S75 
FT1  Ot  2D  Series:  Order  Kit  No.  4K-ZD . . .  S75 
Prices  tnciude  shipping  \o  U.S.  S  Canada; 

Overseas  Air  S5.    Flonda  Sales  Tax:  4% 
Ail  kits  include  a  genuine  6- pole  top^qualily 
FT  Filter,  improved  cascading/mini-amp  cir- 
cuit board,  ail  needed  parts,  cables,  and 
detailed  instructions. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  Fox-Tango  features 
cascading  kits  for  the  FT-901/2  ($65),  FR- 
tOt  ($55).  Heaihkit  $B104A  ($60),  Also  a 
wide  line  of  SSB,  CW,  AM.  and  special  filters 
for  Yaesu,  Kenwood,  Drake  R4Cafvd  7*Line. 
Heathkit,  and  Collins  75S-3B/C. 

NEW!  TSB30S  and  R820  KFTS 

TS830  and  Rd20  owners  wtK»  have  replaced 

their  1st  and  2nd  IF  filters  with  a  Matched 

Pair  of  2.1  KHz  Fox-Tango  filters  enthuse 

asticaiiy  report  the  to! lowing: 

", , ,  V&T  mw  works  as  /  drmrmd  ft  should     " 

"      Results  aw  aimost  unb&ilevabiQ ..." 

".    .  Spectacufar  SSB  RX  performance .  " 

"  .    J  no  iortg&r  need  a  CW  Ftttm. . . .  '* 

(Names  on  Request) 

Tests  prove  that  high  quality  Fox-Tango  8- 

pole  discrete-unit  Crystal  Filters  a/e  notably 

superior  to  the  original  units,  espedalfy  the 

modest  455 KHz  second  IF  ceramic  unit 

Substitution  of  Fox*Tango  filters  result  in  a 

bandwidth  of  I.QKHz  at  -6dB,  a  shape 

factor  ot  1 .2,  and  Ultimate  Rejection  of  at 

least  llOdBI 

(Independent  Report  available  upon  request.) 
Regular  Price:  S55  4-  $1 25-  $180  +  shipping 
INTRODUCTORY  PRICE  (Complete  Kit), .  .$150 
Includes  Matched  Pair  of  Fox-Tango  Filters 
All  cables,  parts,  detailed  instructions 

10%  Quantity  Discount  Jlpplies 
Genuine  Fox-Tango  crystal  filters  are  guar* 
anteed  for  ONE  YdftR   Beware  of  ctieap 
imitations;  they  are  no  bargain!  Don't  be 
fooled. 

GO  FOX-TANGO  —  TO  BE  SUREJ 
ORDER  by  Mail  or  Telephone.  Pay  by  Visa, 
MC,  M.O..  CJieck  (US$).  Cash,  or  C.O.D. 

AUTHORIZED  EUROPEAN  AGENTS 
Scandenavia:  MtCROTEC.  Makedien  26, 

3200,  Sandefjofd,  NORWAY 
0\her  INGOIMPEX.  Poslfach  24  49. 

[>e070.  inflolstadt,  W  GERMANY 


FOX  TANGO  CORPORATION 
Boxl5944SW  PalmB^^-f^  ^L33406 
Phone    i-J05'6<xi-:iC}37     ^^23 


86    73Magazme  *  July  J  982 


Is  f his  new  KDK  FM  2030 

the  best  2  meter  FM  radio  in  the  world? 


h     IK  Vi 


1Ar^Jf 


FtsA 


VWM 


SPO 


A^B 


RiJiif/ 


VOLJP*VVR  HJ»+ 


5IE/*»VVft 


TOMB  «i_ca 


SQL 


%% 


*     * 


.best... in  Tr.w 


That's  a  pretty  strong  claim  considering  the 
competition. 

Let's  look  at  some  of  the  features  .  -  . 

•  KDK  continues  the  tradition  of  being  the  ultimate  in  VHP  FM  mobile 
operations.  We  make  maximum  use  of  multiple  function,  multiple  shaft 
controls  and  only  three  sets  of  knobs  are  located  on  the  front  paneK 
Still  many  new  features  have  been  added,  such  as  digital  RtT,  reverse 
button,  memory  channel  readout  number  and  morel 

•The  new  KDK  4  bit  microprocessor  chip  has  in-house  developed 
software  which  makes  all  these  new  features  possible.  Plug  in  modules 
are  used  for  CTCSS  tone  and  diode  matrix  duplexing. 

•We  gave  it  a  very  heavy  textured  paint  finish  on  the  case  and  mounting 
bracket  that  is  highly  resistant  to  scratching!  No  more  mtcro-thin  paint 
fmishes! 

•  Modern  styled  front  panel  with  dials  intelligently  arranged  so  you  can 
best  utilize  the  multi-function,  easy  to  handle  controls. 

•  Good  audio  with  the  famous  KDK  audio  output  capability  of  1.S 
watts . . .  you  can't  blow  out  our  audio  tC! 

•  RF  power  is  a  good,  clean  no  spurious  signal  of  25  watts  on  high  and 
5  watts  (adjustable]  on  low. 

« Frequency  coverage  143.005  ^  T43.99S  mhz.  S/N  bitter  than  35  db 
at  1  uv  input.  Better  than  .2  uv  at  12  db  SINAD,  Squelch  sensitivity 
better  than  .15  uv.  Bandwidth  at  -6db:  ±6 khz,  at  -60db:  ITBkhz. 
Image  ratio  better  than  70db.  Double  superhetrodyne.  Transmitter  uses 
variable  reactance  frequency  modulation  with  maximum  deviation  set 
at  ±5khz. 

•  Nicads  for  memory  retention  built  in,  nothing  extra  to  buy.  Disconnect 
the  FM203D  from  the  power  source  and  the  memories  remain! 


^  ^  *  s 


$309 


INTRODUCTORY  PRICE! 

Includes  Tone  Pad  Microphone 

and  all  accessories.  Shipping:   $5,00  eastern  U.S.A.  S7. 50  western  U.S.A. 

•  Easy  to  use  mobile  mount  with  instant  disconnect  knobs  for  fast, 
simple  removal  DC  Cable  and  mounting  hardware,  spare  fuse,  external 
speaker  piug  and  complete  simplified  instruction  book  includes  circuit 
diagrams  and  even  complete  alignment  instructions!  No  extras  to  purchasel 

•  Control  functions:  Select  memories,  show  memory  channel  number, 
or  select  memories  and  show  frequency  of  channel,  or  dial  frequencies 
with  two  speed  selectable  control.  Instant  choice  of  either  5  or  100  khz 
tuning  steps,  Programmabte  band  scan  limits  and  memory  scan. 

•  Frequency  shown  in  5  bright  LED  digits^  tED  indicator  shows  when 
signal  is  received  (unsquelched),  LED  indicator  shows  transmit. 

•Modern  LED  bar  meter  shows  signal  strength  of  received  signal  and 
on  transmit  shows  relative  output  power. 

•  Microphone  includes  tone  pad,  and  up  and  down  buttons  to  change 
dial  frequency  or  memory  channels, 

•  A  standard  microphone  with  up-down  buttons  only  is  available 
separately. 

•  The  FM  2030  is  basically  as  easy  to  use  as  a  crystal  receiver  with 
rotary  switch  frequency  selection  for  full  "eyes-on-the-road"  mobile 
operation. 

•  And,  in  case  we  forgot  to  mention  it,  we  are  proud  to  continue  our 
famous  KDK  quality  and  ruggednesst 

•  Smaller  case  size:  55mm  (Z  3/16")  high,  162mm  (6  3/8")  wide. 
182mm  (7  3/16")  deep. 


NOW  YOU  HAVE  JUST  SOME  OF  THE  FEATURES , . .  IT'S  UP  TO  YOU  TO  DECIDE! 


WRITE  FOR  BROCHURE  -  DEALER  INOUtRIES  INVITED! 

Warranty  mformiation  available  from  your  dealer  or  direct 

Company  reserves  ttie  right  to  change  specifications 
and  prices  without  notice. 

Exclush/e  USA,  Central  and  South  American  DistributOf 
Mall  Order  -  COD  -  Bank  Cards 


ORDER  NOW  DIRECT 
CALL  TOLL  FREE 


ORDER  DIRECT  or  at  your  dealer! 

DISTRIBUTED  BY: 


800-251-4141  m  KDK 

This  number  for  ORDERS  ONLYS  l^^M         ^^^  ?J^ 


KDK  DISTRIBUTING  CO..  INC. 

617  SOUTH  GALLATIN  ROAD  -  MADISON.  TN  37115  -  PHONE  (615)  865-7949  -  TELEX  80-8327 


RTry  LOOP 


HarcL  Leakey,  M\D.  WA3AJR 
4006  Wmiee  Road 
Handallstown  MO  2U33 

!  somehow  find  H  hard  to  be- 
lieve, but  this  column  marks  the 
beginning  of  the  sixth  year  of 
RTTY  Loop!  Bach  in  1977,  when  I 
started  this  column  in  a  local 
club  newsletter,  the  most  exotic 
Item  I  was  asked  about  was  the 
Teletype*  Model  28,  or  occa- 
sionally  the  Model  33.  Now,  in 
just  a  half-dozen  years,  the  bulk 
of  the  questions  concern  adapt- 
ing any  of  the  myriad  of  person* 
ai  computers  to  RTTY, 

Many  readers,  having  sensed 
my  affection  for  the  Motorola 
6800  series  of  computers,  have 
asked  about  programs  directed 
towards  that  line.  In  the  past,  I 
have  featured  quite  a  few  indi- 
vidual programs  which  allow  re- 
ceiving or  transmitting  RTTY  on 
a  6800  system.  One  feature  of- 
ten requested,  and  certainly 
available  on  many  commercial 
RTTY  terminals,  is  the  so-called 
"split-screen"  capability.  This  rs 
the  display  of  both  the  received 


OQIO    INPUf    -TVPC    ft   MU«EI*-,ft 
OCraO    It=   A>I0   GOTO   SO 
O&JO  PRlilT    **L.* 
0040   BDTO    lO 
OO;^   PRINT     *H* 

ocNbo  eaTQ  to 

Fig-  r. 


STflPf    JS«     IMPUT 
CtPA    lO 

LDAA  'L 
JSR  DUtPUT 
PRA  START 
MtGH   LDAA  'H 

J5»  DUTPLft 
BRA  9TAHT 


signal  and  transmit  buffer  on 
the  screen  at  the  same  time. 

Let's  take  a  look  at  what  such 
a  program  requires,  and  over  the 
next  few  sessions  see  if  we  can 
develop  a  reasonable  technique 
for  implementing  a  split-screen 
RTTY  terminal.  In  doing  this,  I 
will  try  to  keep  within  my  design 
philosophy,  which  is;  If  it  can  be 
done  in  software,  do  it.  While 
this  sometimes  increases  the 
complexity  of  the  written  code.  I 
believe  that  in  the  long  run  work- 
ing out  a  logical  software  solu- 
tion to  problems  provides  both  a 
straightforward  method  of  prob- 
lem-solving  and  a  cost-effective 
approach  for  the  ham  on  a  bud* 
get. 

The  first  step  will  be  to  define 
what  this  terminal  will  need  to 
do.  Let*s  require  only  the  ability 
to  handle  60-wpm  Murray  (Bau- 
dot) code;  other  speeds  wiil  not 
be  hard  to  add,  and  a  given  code 
set  will  keep  things  simple  for 
the  time  being.  J  would  like  the 
top  half  of  the  screen  to  display 
the  received  signal,  with  me 
most  recent  lines  being  main- 
tained,  and  the  bottom  half  to 
show  the  transmit  buffer.  You 
should  be  able  to  fill  the  trans- 
mit buffer  while  receiving  and 
continue  to  add  to  it  even  while 
transmitting. 

I  am  going  to  have  to  be  rather 
specific  on  the  hardware  re- 
quirements. We  will  be  writing 
for  a  Motorola  6800-based  com- 
puter, with  the  I/O  block  located 
at  $8000,  using  the  old 
''SWTPC"  standards.  A  video* 


Fig.  2. 


INTBIC    Oft  Exit  POINT  FOfi  pflOGRAM 


tHIseASIO  BLOCK  COMTAINS    A^Y  DISCRETE 
PROGRAM  STEP  TH*T  IS  DIRECTLY   P£^FDftUE{> 


A 

/      \ 

/  \ 

/  \ 

(  > 

\  / 

\  / 

\       / 

V 


THIS  IS  THE  COKDlTlOltfAL   BLOCK  THAT  &IVE* 
THE  P^OCRAII  9TS  PO*tt^   IT  ALLOWS  L061C 
FtO*  tt)  ^RAMCH  IN  EtTMEH  Of  TWO  OlRECTIOMS. 
BASED  ON  A  OlNAf^T  DECaSlOII. 


Fig.  3. 


mapped  display  wiil  be  a  nnust. 
Users  of  "smart"  terminals, 
such  as  the  Soroco  IQ-120,  can 
position  the  cursor  anywhere 
using  escape  sequences,  and 
this  could  be  used  to  implement 
a  split-screen  display.  However, 
in  order  to  seiectiveiy  scroll  the 
screen,  manipulation  of  data 
will  be  required  directly,  and  this 
will  necessitate  the  type  of  ac- 
cess a  video  board  allows.  While 
I  will  be  writing  for  a  GIMIX 
board,  the  program  should  be 
general  enough  to  allow  any  of 
the  popular  video  displays  to 
work. 

Now,  on  to  the  program.  In  the 
past,  I  have  received  some  let- 
ters critical  of  my  rapid  entry  in- 
to source  codes.  It  seems  that 
all  of  you  are  not  as  comfortable 
as  I  in  the  realm  of  LDAA  and 
CPX  Instructions.  *  therefore 
shall  wade  in  from  the  shallow 
end,  although  I  prefer  diving 
right  in.  Let's  start  by  looking  at 
the  logic  involved  for  this  pro- 
gram. 

Well,  not  just  yet.  You  see, 
that*s  been  another  criticism. 
Flowcharts,  those  indispens- 
able tools  of  the  computer  pro- 
grammef,  are  just  so  much  gob- 
bledygook  to  a  good  number  of 
you.  I  have,  in  the  past, 
presented  several  flowcharts 
without  much  in  the  way  of 
background,  I  shall  attempt  to 
rectify  this  omission  herewith, 

A  flowchart  is  a  map.  dia- 
gram,  or  skeleton  of  a  computer 


r   STAB?      J 


HURflAT 


COH^EFtT  TO 
A$Cll 


OCT   s<'CKt£h 
POliyTEn 


CuARACTEFi 


IS 


IT  C«l^ 

1*^^ 

DO  Pti'Li^      1 

?^ 

> 

'- 

C- 

^^^cttobV^ 

ns 

SCR^ii.  i^^ 

ma 

STORE 
PCEMTEA 

I 


program,  depending  on  how  you 
look  at  it.  Let's  take  a  rather  sim- 
ple example.  I  say  something 
like,  "Take  a  number  and  call  it 
A.  Is  it  greater  than  10?  If  so» 
print  an  H  Jf  not,  print  an  L  Now 
do  it  again."  This  sequence  de- 
fines a  logic  sequence.  Many  of 
you  familiar   with   BASIC,   the 
rather  universal  higher-level  lan- 
guage used  in  personal  comput- 
ers, could  write  rather  rapidly 
from  this  description  the  pro- 
gram shown  in  Fig*  I.This  would 
be  one  way  to  accomplish  the 
task.  Another  is  shown  in  Fig.  2, 
which  is  a  6800  assembly-lan- 
guage  implementation   of  the 
same  simple-minded  job.  I  think 
you  can  see  that  there  is  quite  a 
difference,  and  can  imagine  fur- 
ther differences  when  the  pro- 
cess Is  extended  to  6502-,  8080-, 
Z-80-.   Pascal-.    FORTRAN-,  or 
APL-speaktng  computers.  What 
is  needed  is  some  universal  way 
to  represent  the  logic  sequence. 
That  Is  the  flowchart- 
Steps  in  a  flowchart  are  repre- 
sented by  boxes,  each  of  which 
contains  one  logical  process* 
This  process  may  be  a  simple 
one-byte  instruction  or  an  entire 
subroutine.  It  doesn't  matter,  so 
long  as  it  can  be  visualized  as  a 
unit.  Different  shaped  boxes  are 
frequently  used  to  represent  dif- 
ferent types  of  processes.  Three 
of  those  are  shown  in  Fig.  3,  with 
their  definitions.  There  are  many 
others,  but  these  three  will  suf- 
fice for  this  month's  flowchart. 


POiMTER 


PLACE 
CHARACtCR 


TE5 


DO  CR/LP' 


■ 

HO 

^ 

k 

<  tts 

•nwnrW^ 

SCIKPLL  UP 

%.     p    ^ 

? 

1 

MO 

STORE 
MMtfrCR 

F/g,  4.  Simpfe  sptit-scrGBn  RTTY. 


m     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


SUMMER  VACATION  SPECIALS 

You  Can  Bank  on  Us  for  More  Than  Just  Low  Prices. 


if  YAEBU 


SAVE  $1S6.00 
on  FT902  DM 


^  J  Tj" 


_     4«=" 


I 


HF  TRANSCEIVERS 

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R  107M/OMS  9  Band  xcvr.  digital  S1034.00 

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FV'IDIDM  Synlh  .  scanning  VFO S32100 

FT&02DM  9  Band  xcvr  digilaf $1349,00 

VO'dOlP  Monitor  scope  w^pan3:dapler.»v..$4fiS.OO 

FV  §01  DM  Remofe  VFO  w.- memory $373,00 

FT 707  8  Band.  Mo&tle  scvr  1729,00 

FP-707  Power  SujM»Jy $145.00 

FTV  ror  Trans  verter  wio  Module -  ft  16.00 

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FT^iOfl  6M  SSa^FMCW^AM  itcvr    $466.00 

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VHFUHF  HANDHELDS 


R  20Sft  2.5W  £M  FM  HT  wHTP    , $323.00 

FT70efl  1W  440  FM  HT  wrTTP $323.00 

VHF  PORTABLES 

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FT  29CR  2M  FM^SSB  ^cvr  $359.00 

FULL  LINE  AVAILABLE  OH  SAL£ 

Aii  accessories  T(?*.  oti  wt  f^^to  Purchsse 


The 

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G7't44  2M  Colinear,  lixed  Station.  7dti. . . 

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20G  10  U.  Stacking  S«cHon $32.00 

2S0  10  It,  Stacking  Section $39.50 

4SG  10  It   Stacking  Secilon .  $S7.S0 

25AG  2,3  or  4  Top  Section. , ^2.50 

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ROTORS  &  CABLES 

CDE  HAM  IV  Rotor  $175.00 

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73 Magazine  •  July.  1982     89 


ji 


MH^ 


A^ 


The  boxes  are  connected  by 
lines,  through  which  logic  flow 
Is  presumed  to  flow  in  a  top-to- 
bottom,  r{ght-to*teft  direction.  If 
flow  is  contrary  to  these  direc- 
tions, arrows  are  used  to  define 
such  progression. 

With  this  under  our  belts,  let's 
take  a  look  at  the  flowchart  in 
Fig.  4.  Entering  at  START,  we  inv 
mediately  come  to  a  decision.  If 
there  is  a  bit  on  the  RTTY  input 
pin,  then  3  character  is  at>out  to 
coma  in.  if  not,  the  Eocai  key- 
board can  be  checked  for  input. 
If  no  data  is  found  there,  the  pro- 
gram returns  to  check  the  RTTY 
once  again  and  the  loop  contin* 
ues. 

tf  a  character  has  been  typed 
on  the  local  keyboard,  it  is  In- 
serted into  a  buffer  and  dis^ 
played  on  the  lower  half  of  the 
screen.  Later  on,  we  will  add 
some  checking  for  special  char- 
acters which  will  control  the  pro- 
gram or  other  features.  For  now, 
let's  just  be  happy  to  fill  the  buf- 
fer. 


Received  RTTY  characters 
are  also  stuffed  onto  the  screen, 
but  on  the  top  half.  During  re- 
ceipt of  the  RTTY  character, 
however,  there  is  quite  a  bit  of 
time  when  the  computer  would 
be  idling,  watting  for  these  long, 
2l*ms  pauses  to  go  by.  During 
these  pauses,  as  shown  in  Fig. 
5,  the  keyboard  is  checked  once 
again.  Input  is  allowed  here,  too, 
and  again  placed  on  the  screen 
and  stuffed  into  the  buffer. 

All  this  inputting  and  buffer- 
ing requires  a  raft  of  pointers 
and  protocols.  Placing  a  charac- 
ter on  the  screen  will  require 
pufEIng  a  set  of  pointers  from 
storage,  placing  the  character 
on  the  screen,  updating  the 
pointers,  checking  to  see  if  a 
new  iine  must  be  started,  and 
possibly  scrolling  that  segment 
of  the  display.  And  all  this  must 
be  accomplished  within  the 
wink  of  an  eye. 

Now  that  we  have  the  road 
map,  let's  begin  our  journey.  The 
program  we  will  use  is  an  imple- 


rr>entatlon  of  an  output  routine 
which  will  serve  as  the  window 
into  the  RTTY  lerminal  we  willbe 
building.  Before  I  go  into  the  Ins 
and  outs  of  the  program  itself, 
maybe  I'd  better  ex  plain  some  of 
the  rather  peculiar  GIMIX  sys- 
tem function  calls. 

Like  most  operating  systems, 
IheGMXBUG  monitor  features  a 
variety  of  routines  which  may  be 
used  to  input  or  output  charac- 
ters or  manipulate  data  in  vari- 
ous ways.  Unlike  most,  which 
use  subroutine  calls  to  access 
such  routines  (JSR  ADDR  or 
$BD  Snnnn),  GMXBUG  provides 
fof  the  use  of  the  software  inter- 
rupt (SWI  or  S3F)  instruction  to 
create  a  set  of  two-byle  pseudo- 
codes. In  the  typical  sense,  one 
may  write  the  code  $3F  S10  to  in- 
put a  character,  for  example, 
rather  than  the  MIKBUG  style 
$BD$E1AG(JSRINEEE). 

Moreover,  GMXBUG  features 
several  routines  not  offered  in 
other  6800  monitors,  many  of 
which  demonstrate  a  high  ievel 


f    illTI»     J 


SET   UP 


YES 


PftOCI:SS  HYBD 


•:^EC•tl^t*lt   ' 
COLWTtH 


TE« 


(  ""   ) 


Fig.  5.  Murray  input  deiay  rou- 
tine. 

of  utility.  While  these  routines 
may  be  written  in  for  systems 
based  on  another  monitor,  as 
long  as  they  are  here,  why  not 
use  them?  In  order  to  allow  the 
assembler  to  handle  these  two- 
byte  pseudocodes,  I  write  them 
as  double-byte  data  statements 
(FOB)  and  call  them  as  such. 


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73  Magazine  •  July,  1962 


KLM's  KT-34XA 

Outperforms  1[lU  commercially  available  tribariders  and  many  monobanders,  too! 

KLM's  KT-34XA  TR I  BANDER  is  the  2nd  generation  of  a  unique  new  series  of  antennas  designed  to 
provide  superior  broadband  coverage  on  20,  15,  and  10  meters.  The  combination  of  lossless  linear 
loading  and  hi-Q  air  capacitors  enables  the  KT-34XA  to  outperform  all  commercial  available  tribanders 
and  meet  or  exceed  the  performance  of  a  conventional  stacked  monoband  system.  The  lower  weight 
and  windload  of  a  single  antenna  mean  reduced  tower  and  rotator  requirements.  Thus,  overall  system 
costs  can  be  kept  to  a  minimum  while  enjoying  the  best  of  monobander-fype  performance. 

KLM's  field  proven  KT-34A  is  the  heart  of  the  "XA"  modeL  The  boom  length  of  the  "XA",  however, 
has  been  doubled,  and  one  tri-resonant  and  one  full  size  10  meter  element  have  been  added.  These 
changes  increase  the  gain  to  11-11.3  dBd  on  lOM,  9-9.5  dBd  on  IBM,  and  8.5-9  dBd  on  20M.  Two 
driven  elements  are  used  to  make  the  KT-34XA  unusually  broadbanded  (a  concept  applied  to  many  KLM 
antennas).  Gain  is  virtually  flat  across  each  band  except  for  10  meters  which  has  been  optimized  for  the 
DX'er,  28-29  MHz.  The  chart  below  shows  the  remarkable  performance  qualities  of  the  KT-34XA. 


KT-34XA  GAIN  vs.  VSWR 


MHz   14.0 


MHz  21.0    A 


.3       .4      .5       Mhz  28,0   .1    .2    .3    .4     .5    6.    .7    .8    .9    29.  A    .2 


KLM 

P.O.  Box  816,  Morgan  Hill,  CA  95037 

{408)779-7363 


73  Magazine  *  July,19B2    91 


SU«T1tA.CT 
FH   LOCATE 


lis 


Cfl 


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F/g.  7. 


Routines  used  In  this  month's 
program  Jnctude: 

AODAX  (S3F04)"Adds  the 
contents  of  accumulator  A  to 
the  contents  of  the  index  regis- 
ief  and  places  the  result  in  the 
index  register.  The  addition  is 
unsigned.  The  former  contents 
of  the  index  register  are  lost. 

SUBAC  ($3F06)— Subtracts 
the  contents  of  accumulator  A 
from  the  contents  of  the  index 
register  and  places  the  result  in 
the  index  register.  The  subtrac- 
tion is  unsigned.  The  former 
contents  of  the  index  register 
are  lost. 

MOVER  {$3 FOE)— A  general 
purpose   block^mover   routine. 


Moves  the  contents  of  memory 
starting  at  the  address  in 
BEG1K1  ($A002)  through  the  ad- 
dress ]n  END1  {$A004)  Inclusive 
to  memory  starting  at  the  ad- 
dress in  BEGIN2  ($A014). 
Checks  for  overlap  of  source 
and  destination  areas,  ff  neces- 
sary, the  move  Is  done  bacMo- 
front. 

OUTCHR  ($3F11)— Conven^ 
tlonal  character  output  to  the 
video-driver  routines  of  the 
ASCII  character  contained  in 
the  A  accumulator. 

Enough  background?  OK, 
let's  see  how  we  can  chop  a 
screen  in  half.  The  listing  in  Fig* 
6  is  a  demonstration  program  to 


MM  HELP 


I  need  manuals  and/or  sche- 
matics  for  the  following: 

•  SG92  A/U  rf  sweep  generator 

•  Nems  Clarke  receiver  2501 B 

•  Nems  Clarke  signal  display 
SOU  350-9 

•  Nems  Clarke  Range  Extender 
REU300B 

•  Tektronix    Model   564   (early 
model)  oscilloscope  mainframe 

I  will  pay  reasonable  costs  for 

92     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


copying  and  postage. 

Bruce  Owlngs  WA49PV 

2483  Gwinn  Drive 

Norcross  GA  30071 

Vm  looking  for  info  on  con- 
verting the  Icom  22S  to  the  new 
20-kHz  band  plan- 
Joe  Ciskowski 
Rt.  1 ,  Box  556 
Bonners  Ferry  ID  83805 


do  this.  The  flowchart  in  Fig.  7 
can  be  followed  step  by  step,  to 
see  how  the  listing  was  devel- 
oped. 

To  begin  with,  we  shall  recog- 
nize that  certain  non-printing 
characters  are  useful,  so  tet's 
screen  for  them.  A  carriage  re- 
turn, line  feed,  bell,  form  feed, 
and  backspace,  each  in  turn  is 
checked  for.  Should  any  of  them 
be  found,  a  branch  to  a  corre- 
sponding  routine  is  dona,  and 
we  will  cover  those  later.  Any 
other  GontfOl  character  we  will 
ignore  for  now. 

The  handling  of  printing  char- 
acters is  straightforward.  The 
address  of  the  next  character  to 
be  printed  is  stored  at  a  spot  we 
will  call  "LOCATE"  So,  we  get 
that  address,  place  the  charac- 
ter there,  increment  to  the  next 
spot,  and  store  it.  Now,  a  line 
counter,  call  It  "COUNT."  fs  In- 
cremented  to  see  where  on  the 
line  we  are.  If  at  the  end,  calls  to 
the  carriage-return  and  line-feed 
routines  Initiate  a  new  line. 
Which  routines  are  these?  Why; 
the  same  routines  that  a  car- 
riage return  and  line  feed  call  up, 
no?  Yes!  And  I  bet  you  thought 
this  was  going  to  be  compli* 
cated. 

Now  let*s  take  a  look  at  some 
of  those  special  routines. 
What's  thai  I  hear?  OK,  carriage 
return,  you  first,  What  is  a  car- 
riage return  after  all?  A  resetting 
to  zero  on  the  current  line,  that's 
all.  So,  to  Implement  a  carriage 
return,  first  we  load  the  current 
location  Into  the  index  register, 
then  the  character  count  (where 
on  the  line  are  we?)  into  the  A  ac- 
cumulator.  Subtract  the  two,  us- 
ing that  SUB  AX  routine,  and  you 
have  the  beginning  of  the  ttne. 
Store  that  as  the  new  location, 
clear  the  tine  count  itself,  and 
the  carriage  return  is  done. 

Une  feed?  No,  let  me  save  you 
for  last.  How  about  something 
easy,  like  the  bell  This  non- 
printing character  rings  a  soft- 
ware bell  In  the  G1MIX  system. 
So  let's  just  send  It  out  through 
the  regular  character  output. 
Well,  so  much  for  that  one. 

The  form  feed  is  used  to  clear 
the  screen,  and  it  is  a  neat  char< 
acter;  let's  see  why.  First,  we  set 
the  character  location  to  the 
first  one  in  the  screen  sector, 
clear  the  character  count  and 
set  the  row  counter  to  the  first 
row.  Next  a  loop  is  entered  to 
load  the  entire  screen  window 
with  spaces  ($20).  When  that*s 
done,  the  screen  is  reset  and 
clear. 


Backspace  is  also  not  so 
hard.  For  now,  let's  prohibit 
backspacing  past  the  beginning 
of  the  line  up  onto  the  previous 
line.  So,  we  check  the  character 
counter  and  if  it's  zero  we  don't 
backspace.  If  it's  OK,  just  decre- 
ment the  count,  store  it,  decre- 
ment the  location,  store  it,  and 
put  a  space  where  we  are  now. 
Like  1  said,  not  so  hard. 

OK  gang,  time  to  roll  up  our 
sleeves  and  look  at  the  line  feed* 
If  we  take  it  one  step  at  a  time.  It 
shouldn't  be  too  hard.  We  have 
been  keeping  track  of  current 
row  on  the  screen,  as  well  as 
character  position  on  the  line. 
So  first  we  must  check  the  row 
counter  and,  if  the  current  row  is 
the  last  on  the  screen,  initiate  a 
scroll.  Hang  onto  that  one  for  a 
second.  If  not  a  scroll,  it  is  easy. 
With  eighty  characters  per  line, 
adding  eighty  to  the  current  lo- 
cation gives  the  corresponding 
spot  on  the  line  below.  Incre- 
ment the  row  number,  add 
eighty  to  the  location,  store  all 
this  new  data,  and  we  are  done. 

Now,  about  that  scroll,  let's 
look.  First,  we  find  the  start  of 
the  second  screen  line;  this  will 
become  the  top  line  after  the 
scroll  This  address  is  stored  In 
BEGIN1  for  use  by  the  MOVER 
routine.  The  end  of  the  screen 
defines  ENDI,  and  the  data  on 
display  is  shifted  up  one  line. 
Now  one  more  task  needs  to  be 
taken  care  of.  The  last  line  on 
the  screen  Is  filled  with  spaces, 
clearing  it  for  new  data. 

Note,  by  the  way,  that  the  car* 
rlage  return  does  not  initiate  a 

scroll  nor  does  a  tine  fe^  reset 
position  within  a  line.  It  takes 
both! 

The  data  and  storage  needed 
for  the  program  is  situated  at 
the  end  of  the  instructions.  I've 
got  to  indicate  here  that  there  is 
nothing  sacred  about  using  the 
bottom  thirteen  tines,  as  shown 
here,  or  the  whole  eighty  charac- 
ters across.  Ctiange  it  to  the 
middle  sixteen  tines  with  thirty- 
two  characters  If  you  are  nostal- 
gic. Versions  of  this  same  rou- 
tine will  be  used  for  several  win- 
dows in  the  RTTY  terminal 
which  we  will  be  building  up. 

As  time  goes  on,  we  will  con- 
tinue to  develop  the  routines 
needed,  one  by  one,  for  this  full- 
featured  RTTY  terminal.  Next 
month,  though,  I'll  take  a  crack 
at  some  of  the  mail  from  readers 
which  has  been  piling  up  on  my 
desk.  That  and  more,  in  RTTY 
Loop  to  come. 


MBA  READERT 

A  NAME  YOU  SHOULD  KNOW 

■   What  does  MBA  mean?  It  stands  for  Morse-Baudot  and  ASCII 
^What  does  the  MBA  Reader  do? The  RO  model  (reader  only)  uses 
a  32  character  alphanumeric  vacuum  fluorescent  display  and 
takes  cw  or  tty  audio  from  a  receiver  or  tape  recorder  and  visually 
presents  it  on  the  display. 

The  copy  moves  from  right  to  left  across  the  screen,  much  like 
the  Times  Square  reader  board,  ts  the  AEA  model  MBA  Header 
different  from  other  readers?  It  certainly  is!  It  is  the  first  to  give  the 
user  32  characters  of  copy  (without  a  CRT),  up  to  five  words  at  one 
time,  it  can  copy  cw  u  p  to  99  wpm  and  Baudot  at  60-67-75  and  1 00 
wpm.  Speeds  in  the  ASCII  mode  are  110  and  hand  typed  300 
baud.  The  expanded  display  allows  easy  copy  even  during  high  speed  reception. 

The  AEA  model  MBA  has  an  exclusive  automatic  speed  tracking  feature.  If  you  are  copying  a  signal  at 

3-5  wpm  and  tune  to  a  new  signal  at  90  wpm,  the  MBA  catches  the  increased  speed  without  loss  of  copy. 

The  M  BA  Reader  allows  a  visual  display  of  your  fist  and  improves  your  code  proficiency.  It  is  compact, 

in  size,  and  has  an  easily  read  vacuum  fluorescent  display. 

The  Reader  operates  from  an  external  12  VDC  source,  This  allows  for  portable/mobile  or  fixed 
operation* 

Check  the  AEA  model  MBA  Reader  at  your  favorite  dealer  and  see  all  the  features  in  this  new" 
equipment  If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you,  contact  ^  ^^  ^ 

Advanced  Electronic  Applications,  Inc.  mm  El  ^n Brings  you  the 

^RO.  Box  2160.  Lynnwood,  WA  98036  Call  206/775-7373  #^Hii#^ Break tlirough! 

Prices  and  specif icaitons  subject  to  change  without  notice  or  obligation  ^2 


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^S##  Usr  Of  AttvBftfS^rs  ott  ^ge  J 14 


73 Magazine  •  July,  1982    M 


^fbR      ^  ^rbit 


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ORBIT  is  the  Official  Journal  for  the 
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94     73MagBzin0  •  July,  1982 


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f  hi*,  manih  b^in^  a  dilferem  Don'v  Corrief  -  A  revii*^  itom  the 

dealer'!*  sundpoint  of  various  radios^  ^ood  &  bad,  babied  on  lunciions. 
^^rvice,  ea^e  ot  operation,  and  tebnie.  (I'll  also  include  our  ewer 
popular  hetptui  hints  as  they  come  ro  mind.i  Heads  may  roll  (mine) 
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not  whaT  I  recommend  or  how  our  tipper  ads  portray  various  sets, 
Rockwell/Collins  KWMiBO  -  overpriced  compared  to  Ihe  others 
bui  not  i^oing  lo  be  superceded  by  a  n&w  model  next  weekend.  Vaesu 
f  T'ONE  '  close  to  rhe  KVVMi80.  I  ime  will  lelJ  if  as  reliable  (Well  lell 
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New  TS910S  -  Too  soori  on  this  one.  but  rhe  auto  antenna  luner  is 
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D 


TVRO:  Georgia  Style 

one  man's  junk  is  another  man's  antenna 


Timothy  Danre/  NdRK 
7 J  Magazine  Staff 

1'his  is  not  the  typical 
i  73  construction  article. 
Herman  "Tex"  Friedsam's 
satellite  TV  antenna  is  not 

offered  in  kit  form,  nor  are  a 
complete  set  of  plans  avail- 
able. 

just  in  case  you  still  want 


to  give  this  project  a  try, 
here  are  some  of  the  parts 
you  will  need:  the  magne- 
sium bell  housing  far  a  heli- 
copter's propeller,  one  line 
shaft  from  a  cotton  gin,  and 
don't  forget  the  swivel-type 
hitch  from  a  cultivator. 
With  those  items  acquired, 
it  is  time  to  continue  the 
search,  this  time  looking  for 


a  worm  gear  reducer  (Tex 
salvaged  his  from  a  brick 
factory's  conveyor);  youMl 
also  need  a  frame  for  the 
drive  mechanism  — try  the 
local  hammer  mill. 

What  may  sound  like  a 
hopelessly  incompatible 
pile  of  junk  has  become  an 
engineering  masterpiece  in 
the  small  town  of  Marshall- 


Tex  WA40PY  with  his  home-brew  dish, 
96     73Magazme  •  July,  1982 


ville,  Georgia.  Tex,  whose 
ham  call  is  WA40PY,  ap- 
proached this  project  like 
he  does  most  things.  Using 
his  experience  as  a  textile 
plant  engineer  he  started 
with  an  idea  but  not  a  plan. 
After  collecting  several  of 
the  key  components,  he  set- 
tled on  a  design  for  a 
15.2788a-foot-diameter  par- 
abolic reflector.  The  18 
hours  of  research  and  plan- 
ning  were  among  the  proj- 
ect's easiest  work.  Con- 
struction of  the  frame, 
which  began  in  the  spring  of 
1979,  took  almost  200 
hours.  Realizing  that  pai^^ 
staking  accuracy  results  fn 
a  better  picture  when  you 
are  done,  Tex  and  a  friend 
each  spent12  hours  making 
a  plywood  template  of  the 
antenna's  curved  surface. 
Two  thousand  feet  of  elec- 
trical conduit  and  PVC  pipe 
later,  the  frame  was  ready 
to  cover  with  aluminum 
screen.  The  basic  dish, 
when  completed,  weighed 
only  425  pounds. 

Tex's  research  pointed 
out  the  imperfections  of  the 
polar  mount,  the  traditional 
way  a  dish  scans  the  hori- 


The  antenna^s  hub  is  constructed  around  a  helicopter's 
Dfopeller  bell  houstng.  An  octagonal  frame,  eight  feet 
-n  diameter,  extends  outward,  supporting  the  antenna's 
surface. 


The  feed  assembly  allows  the  horn  polarization  to  be 
changed  via  a  TV  rotor  and  there  is  provision  for  very  fine 
adjustments  of  the  horn  location.  This  allows  the  receive 
signal  to  be  maximized. 


zon.  By  building  a  frame 
that  could  be  moved  hori- 

fontalfy  as  well  as  in  a  polar 
arc,  the  WA40PY  antenna 
zan  be  accurately  posi- 
tioned with  a  minimum  of 
fudging.  The  major  support- 
ing axis  is  the  only  part  of 
the  system  fabricated  by  an 
Dutsider.  A  1y2-borsepower 
motor  used  to  turn  the  dish 
is  the  only  component  that 
ivas  purchased  new.  The 
rest  of  the  parts  were  sat- 
t/aged  from  local  scrap 
Diles.  Being  the  owner  of  a 
Hardware  and  variety  store 
didn't  hurt,  nor  did  Tex 
mind  using  "scrap"  from  his 
Drother-irhlaw's  grain  mill. 

Patience  seems  to  be  the 
Tiain  rule  behind  this  proj- 
ect When  it  came  time  to 
Fine-tune  the  antenna's  sur- 
face, Tex  spent  61  hours, 
.Tiuch  of  it  with  a  flashlight 
and  a  piece  of  shiny  alumi- 
num. When  he  was  finished, 
the  dish's  focal  point  was 
rio  bigger  than  a  nickel.  As 
Tex  got  around  to  building 
a  feed  assembly,  he  decid- 
ed that  there  was  noth- 
ing suitable  on  the  commer- 
::ial  market,  so  he  designed 
his  own,  It  worked  so  well 
that  he  has  started  to  man- 
ufacture them  for  other 
hobbyists. 

By  April  of  1981,  almost 
:wo  years  after  he  started 
lonstruction,  Tex  was  ready 
:o  give  his  system  a  try.  The 


electronics,  like  the  anten- 
na, were  home-built  The 
first  pictures,  in  Tex's 
words,  were  "lousy  images 
of  a  Snoopy  cartoon/'  To- 
day, 'lousy"  pictures  have 
been  replaced  by  clear  re- 
ception and  satellite  tele- 
vision has  become  part  of 
the  Friedsam  family  life. 
The  receiver  has  been  built 
into  an  attractive  piece  of 
living  room  furniture  and 
the  dish,  which  sits  across 
the  driveway,  moves  some- 
what mysteriously  by  re- 
mote control. 

Tex  carefully  document- 
ed the  construction  of  his 
system,  keeping  track  of 
the  materials  and  time  he 
used  For  instance,  1700 
3/8-inch  sheet-metal  screws 
were  needed  to  apply  the 
aluminum  screening,  and  it 
took  29  hours  to  install  a 
shielded  underground  ca- 
ble between  the  house  and 
the  dish. 

Along  the  way  there  were 
many  sources  of  frustra- 
tion; for  example,  the  frame 
broke  when  it  was  ninety 
percent  complete.  Tuning 
up  the  microwave  circuitry 
required  a  signal  generator 
that  none  of  the  local  scrap 
piles  could  offer  Tex  built 
his  own,  using  a  klystron 
tube. 

Perhaps  the  most  impres- 
sive fact  concerning  Tex's 
accomplishment   was   that 


he  had  never  seen  a  TVRO 
installation  and  he  had  nev- 
er been  within  a  mile  of  a 
large  parabolic  antenna. 
Working   from  theory  and 


the  scrap  piles  of  Marshall- 
ville,  Georgia,  he  has  built  a 
functional  monument  to 
the  home-brew  spirit  of 
radio  ■ 


The  dish,  which  is  almost  76  ^eet  in  diameter,  has  a  frame 
built  from  PVC  pipe  and  electrical  conduit  The  supporting 
bar,  which  spans  the  dish,  is  the  only  piece  that  Tex  did  not 
fabricate  himself. 

73 Magazine  •  July,  1982     t7 


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S6     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


Htj 

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nil 

HI 

§ 


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too     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


PLESSEY- AVANTEK 


rtl-ilsl-Y    iN'FfJMTEO   CrRCUlTS 

SLIiTO 

SLlbTZ 
SLltl  J 

SL1ft22 

RF  Amplifier  3.05  "SDtJi  Ah".  !J,5/Ar:i,  Amp  «,!j  SLl64a  DoubEe  Sal  Alod  4.  &7 
RF  AmpHfier  3. 05  SL162«  Mul t irtiijcJu  Del  6.1?  ^LT&HI  Receiver  ^ixer  *[.0T 
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102     TSMagazine  •  July,  1982 


EARTH  STATION  OWNERS  Gl  DEALERS: 


You've  got  terrestrial  interference 

We've  got  fiiters! 


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The  concrete  under  your  new  earth  station  isn't  hard  yet.  but 
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73 Magazine  •  July,  1982     103 


MEiy  PRODUCTS 


STRAIGHT-KEY  KEYER 

Designed  exclusively  for 
straight-key  users,  the  Fist 
Fighter  is  an  eiectronic  keyer 
that  accurately  times  the  length 
of  dotSj  dashes,  and  the  spaces 
between  them.  The  Fist  Fighter 
uses  a  standard  1;3:1  timing 
ratio  and  requires  no  new  hand 
motions.  An  automatic  tune-up 
feature  Is  built  in  so  that  normal 
key-down  tune-up  is  possible, 
without  the  need  for  any  extra 
switches.  Speed  Is  variable  from 
about  3  to  30  wpm.  The  Fist 
Fighter  will  key  grid-block  and 
solid-state  transmitters/trans- 
ceivers. It  is  available  in  two 
forms:  kits  cost  $59.95  and  an 
assembled  version  sells  for 
$79.95.  Additional  information 
and  specifications  are  available 
from    The   Bhcksburg   Group, 


Box  242,  Biacksburg  VA  24060. 
Reader  Service  number  482- 

PHONE  INTERCONNECT 

The  CES  IVIodel  560  intefcon- 
nect  is  designed  to  interconnect 
a  base  station  or  control  station 
to  a  telephone  line.  The  560  is  a 
sampling  type  of  interconnect, 
using  no  VOX  circuits  for  con- 
trol. The  IVIadel  560  is  one  way 
that  repeaters  located  away 
from  phone  lines  can  have  auto- 
patch  capability.  When  the  inter- 
connect is  in  use,  the  control 
station  wlii  transmit  for  one  sec* 
ond  and  then  sample  the  re- 
ceiver for  ten  to  twenty-five  milli- 
seconds to  determine  if  a  sta- 
tion Is  transmitting,  if  a  signal  Is 
found,  the  control  station  will 
stay  on  receive  until  it  stops;  if 
no  signal  Is  present,  the  control 


l:^^^ 


The  Fist  Fighter. 


CO  Products'  operating  desk. 


CES's  Model  560  phone  interconnect. 
104     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


station  will  transmit  for  another 
second. 

Toll-restrict  and  dial-out 
capability  can  be  enabled  by 
f  ront-panei  switches.  The  Model 
560  does  not  affect  the  use  of 
the  control  station  for  normal 
communication.  It  Is  priced  at 
S990.  For  more  information,  con' 
tact  Communications  Elec- 
tronics Specialties,  Inc.,  PO  Box 
507,  Winter  Parf(  FL  32790. 
Reader  Service  number  478. 

SHACK  FURNITURE 

CQ  Products  announces  the 
Introduction  of  an  operator's 
desk  designed  like  an  organ 
console  to  place  aJI  the  oper- 
ator's equipment  within  easy 
view  and  reach.  The  desk  sur- 
face and  shelves  are  con- 
structed of  200-pound  indus- 
trial-grade chipboard  and  are 
covered  with  formica.  The  two 
shelves  are  adjustable  in  height 
to  accommodate  viftually  any 
ham  or  computer  gear. 

The  desk  is  designed  to  fit  in- 
to the  corner  of  your  ham  shack 
and  is  also  attractive  enough  to 
be  placed  in  your  living  room  or 
den.  The  desk  occupies  60  inch- 
es from  the  room  corner  to  each 
edge,  it  is  priced  at  $495.  For 
more  information,  contact  CQ 
Products,  8280  Janes  Avenue, 
Suite  137-1700,  Woodridge  IL 
60517.  Reader  Service  number 
476. 

MiCRO  SOLDERING  STATION 

TheWahl  Clipper  I so-Tip  7470 
micro  soldering  station  elim- 
inates continuous  switching  to 
maintain  temperature  and, 
therefore,  the  spikes  that  can 
damage  delicate  electrical  com- 
ponents. The  totally  grounded 
unit  can  be  adjusted  for  any 
temperature  between  500  and 


700  degrees  F.  With  the  selec- 
tion of  the  proper  tip,  heat  is 
delivered  only  to  those  points 
where  it  is  needed.  The  temper- 
ature-adjustable soldarlng  sta- 
tion comes  complete  with 
sponge  holder,  tip-wiping 
sponge,  soldering  iron,  and 
stand.  The  suggested  price  is 
$47.75.  For  further  information, 
contact  Wahi  Clipper  Corp.,  PO 
Box  578,  Sterling  IL  61081. 
Reader  Service  number  479. 

VHP  KITS 

The  R76  VHF  FM  receiver  kit 
is  an  improved  version  of  the 
R75  receiver  for  10m,  6m,  2m, 
220  MHz,  or  the  adjacent  com- 
mercial bands,  ft  features  a  very 
low-noise  front  end,  pump-resis- 
tant squelch  with  hysteresis  to 
lock  onto  fading  signals,  on- 
board volume  and  squelch  con- 
trols for  easy  wiring,  and  fixed  i-f 
falters  for  easy  alignment.  It  is 
available  In  two  selectivity  op- 
tions, starting  at  $84,95, 

A  new  UHF  receiver  kit  has 
also   been   introduced.   The 


Wahi' a    iso-Tip    7470    micro 
soldering  station. 


WIRE  AND  CABLE 

RQ-213 27tm 

RG-aU  foam,  96*/o  bratd ................. .23.5*/ft 

RG-BX  foam,  95%  braid 1 1.5*/ft 

RG-59  mi  I  sp&c 1 1 .5«/ft 

RG-tlU i9«m 

450otim  ladder  line,  100  flrott,, *. .;,  ..S1075 

S  conductof  rotor  cable 15«/ft 

14  Ga.  Stranded  Copper _(50ft.  mult.)S«m 

12  Ga.  Solid  Copperweid.  .. . .  .(50  ft.  muit,)&«m 

14  Ga,  Solid  Copperweld. . . , . . (50  ft.  mult.)6«/ft 

8 Ga Solid  Aluminum, (50  ft.  mult) 6«m 

ANTENNA  ACCESSORIES 

Ceramic  Dopbone  Inauiators 65(/ea 

Amphenoi  Silver  Piate  PL-259 75«/ea 

W2AU  Balun  1:1  or4:1 $1^25 

VANGORDEN  1:1  Balun.  . , . ./.;.,.., .,/ $850 

VAN  GORDEN  1:1  Center  insul $5.50 

B&W  Traps  80M0m  thru  I0m $25.65/pf 

8&W  376  or  376  Coax  Switch ...,..,,.  .$19  25 

9&W  593  Coax  Switch. .$17,35 

B&W  595  Coax  Switch $22,50 

ROTORS 

CDE  AR'22....,..ii...  _,,,,.,.,.. $51.45 

CDE  CD-45 . , $92,55 

CDE  HAM  4 $170.30 

CDE  TAIL  TWtSTEH. , . , . , $238-25 

ANTENNAS 

Mm  PRODUCTS  Mlht  Quad.  . .  ..,.w.  ^  -  ^  -  ,$127,96 

MINt  PRODUCTS  C-4  Vert .$55.00 

BUTTERNUT  HF6V . ,...., ,  .$1 10.00 

BUTTERNUT  2MCV . ,  .$45.00 

HY-GAtN . , .Call  orwrite  for 

HUSTLER _._.,. .big  discount  price 

SHURE  444D  DUAL  IMP.  MIC i ;  Vv$45.95 

BENCHER  PADDLES,  biaCk^chrome.  .$35.00/$42.75 

LARSON  LM  150-MM $35.00 

VOCOM  5/B  2  MTR  HI  ANT ...,....., ...  $15,95 

VOCOM  2  iN  25^0UT  2  MTR  AMP. $69.75 

VOCOM2iN50OUT2MTBAMP $103.95 

POCKET  POWER. . . , $175.55 


SHIPPfNG  CHARGES  ADDiTIONAL,  PA  RESi- 
DENTS  INCLUDE  6%  SALES  TAX  MC/ViSA,  PRE- 
PAY  BY  CERT.  CHECK  OR  MO  AND  TAKE  A  2% 
DISCOUNT  OFF  THE  ABOVE  PRICES,  PRICES 
SUBJECT  TO  CHANGE. 

HEA$€  SENO  FOR  FLYER 

LACUE  COMMUNICATIONS, 
ELECTRONICS 

102  Village  St.   •  Johnstown,  PA  15902 

iei4j  530-5500 

HOURS  MWTh  10  till  6  •  Tu  &  F  10  till  9 

Sat  I0tiil4 


1^4 


Your  Ham  Tube 
Headquarters! 


TOLL  800-221-0860  free 

TUBES 

3  400Z                        SS5W        Weaa                       .      6.7S        1 

y-^OOZ                         $8500        7360                               9.15 

4.J00A                        180  00         773^A                            M.5fl 

4CX250B                  isaoo        S1?2                          $98.00 

S7?a                          $39  so        fll56                       .       10.95 

en  A                            S12  00         8643                        .    J7J.^ 

Bi3                             t35O0        fl«73                       ,,  17^.50 

&i*ea                   46^      ee?^            .        Tflo.*} 

&3W                             $*.?&        a«77pCSl500Aj       450.00 

8906                               TO  50 

Ef  JOHNSON  Socltttt  *o*  4CX350B  «  4r4«JA  f(t  «*M 

SEMICONDUCTORS                   RF  CONNECTORS 

MRP  Z4VSD1 41  e     $30.00         fi  2S9                     lOTM-^S 

mnp  *s*              »ia  9S      PL  2sa              ior».9^ 

HRF455               .  ,    tii.5C         us  175/176            tOTH-W 

ua  Z&^U             »S  W  va. 

MRF  «44^5D10ea     t19 »         UG  273/U              S2.2S  •■. 

?N30&»                          t  .fiS          M  :}^                      12  5D  ti. 

2N&>S4                       »12.50         H  3Sd                     tl7S  •«. 

Trp«"P4"iwttt'OfitRQa/uy 

t4.75 

rOP  BRAND  Popular  Receiving  Tub«  Types 

FACTORV  BOXED  75/80%  OFF  LIST 

FREE  LIST  Available 

i^ncludes  full  Sine  of  RF  Power  Transisiors. 

Minimurn  Order  $25 

Allow  $3.00  Minimum  for  UPS  Ciiarges 

Write  or  phone  for  free  catalog. 
TUBES— BOUGHT,  SOLD  AND  TRADED 


Premium  Prices 

Paid 

For  EIMAC  Tubes 


COMMUNICATIONS,  Inc. 
2115  Avenue  X 
Brooklyn,  NY  11235 
Phone  (212)  646-6300  .  ■'^^ 


tfSee  List  of  Adverffsms  on  page  1 14 


$54.96 


KD-44 


TM 


Parabolic  R^fkeclor  K»l 
900MH£-2.^GH£ 


A   iow  cost,    hi^gli  quality 
all^rnative    to   stiOw   sieds 

and  yagjs.  44"  diameter,  2 
piece  dyrab^e  lighrweight 
steel  const.  Includes  feed- 
horti  bFackei.  pre -cut  hard- 
ware  cloth  and  afl  harctware 
needed  for  assembly. 
Excellent  for  weather  s^teJ- 
frte  and  1296  MHz  e.Jiperi- 
rrientersl 


Ouf  hit  bIao  comai  In 
t  2  #t.  lizfl  with  19  db 
gain-  ONLY  *24.50 


2300  MHZ  CONVERTER  KIT ........36.00 

Includes  PC  board,  pans  A  instruction  manual. 

SELECTIVE  P  REAM  P.. (33J5 

For  use  with  above  convefter,  ThhS  preamp  can  aPso  be  used 
with  other  manufacturer's  boards  tor  improved  pertormance. 

V ARI A  BL  E  POWER  Sti  PPL Y $34.35 

Includes  all  components,  case,  oveffays,  tjuill  in  anienr>a 
switch. 

DEH/XE23M  MHZ  CONVERTER  KIT ...S99J5 

Recommended  for  experienced  Ktt  builders.  Dual^slste  selec- 
tive p re-amp,  mixer,  i.f.  amplilier  and  np-drii^t  ciysral-con- 
Tro-lled  oscillator. 

12V  STATIONARY  POWER  SUPPLY*,^^™^.*K.v*4«t..M*,...,S24-95 

For  use  wi^th  Deluxe  Converter. 

MODEL  TMVS-lKrr $39.95  A $sem bled iSAM 

For  use  between  two  VCR's 

MODEL  TMVS  1RFKIT.    . .      559.95  AssembJed S79.W 

(Built  in  RF  Modulatoir  for  direct  conriiection  froni  VCR  to  TV) 


TEXAS  MICROTRONICS 


P.O.  BOX  1411« 
ARLINGTON.  TEXAS  78013 


^^328 


TERMS: 

Visa,  MasterCard 

Checlk,   Money  order, 
and  CO  D.  I  Add  $2i 


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transnii^iii  tt^a  riicessary  AFSK  wies  for  rtty^ 
liSCil ,  a rtd  Rff f  eW'Jdv  The  mail u$i  ineliiiies  a  comp lete 

If M^H  morsi  software  11  also  ivai  lib  (e  is  j  iskette  lot 
^iiiili  and  cartrid^eior  Atari^  ■■^:^':j.:i"--A^^^^^^^^^ 
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eti  Kan t roiiics'rdiailef ,:-  Wrt^ntact  I  '-M- 


Lawrence,  Kansas  66044 


73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     105 


J 


W  fiM 


> 


—  4 


•  "-1  i»t:^ 


Hamtfonics'  BhuftlB  receiver. 


Paiommr  Engineers '  PT-407 antenna  tuner. 


TMAC  Products*  S^D.-500  weather  station. 
106     73 Magazine  •  July.t982 


model  R451   includes  the  fea- 

tures  listed  above  plus  auto- 
matic frequency  control  to  lock 
onto  drifting  iransmlt  signals. 
Kits  are  available  with  various 
options  starling  at  $94.95, 

Hamtronics  has  a  new  line  of 
low-noise  ampilfiers.  In  ap- 
pearanca,  they  resemtjie  Ham- 
tronics* earlier  P30  and  P432 
receiver  preamplifiefs.  but  the 
circuit  is  nevw.  They  are  opti- 
mized for  lowest  noise  figure  in 
the  ham  bands  but  can  also  be 
used  on  adjacent  commercial 
bands.  Noise  figures  typically 
run  0.5  dB  at  28  and  60  MHz,  0.6 
dB  at  144  MHz.  OJ  dB  at  220 
MHz.  and  0.95  dB  at  432  MHz. 
Gain  runs  from  33  dS  al  28  and 
50  MHz  to  17  dB  at  432  MHzThe 
price  Is  $39.95  for  the  VHP  units 
and  $44.95  for  the  UHF  unit,  all 

wired  and  tested. 

The  Hamtronics  R1 10-450 
UH  F  AM  aircraft  receiver  may  be 
used  to  listen  to  the  Space  Shut* 
tie.  Good  results  have  been 
reported  using  simple  UHF 
antennas.  The  special  Shuttle 
receiver  kit  is  available  off  the 
shelf  for  $94.95. 

For  further  information  on 
these  producis,  write  to  Ham- 
tronics, Inc.,  65- V  Mout  Road, 
Hifton  NY  14468;  {716^392-9430. 
Reader  Service  number  480. 

WEATHER  STATION 

TMAC  Products  is  intro- 
ducing the  S.D.-500  weather  sta- 
tion. This  system  provides  wind 
velocity  indications  from  0*100 
mph  and  wind  direction  read- 
ings covering  16  compass 
points*  The  console  is  con- 
structed of  hand-finished  ma- 
hogany and  the  transmitter  can 
be  up  to  300  feet  away  from  the 
console  and  a  50-foot  cable  is 
supplied.  The  unit  is  powered  by 
155  volts  ac.  The  list  price  is 


S360.  For  more  infomnation.  con- 
tact TMAC  Products,  PO  Box 
28341,  Columbus  OH  43228. 
Reader  Service  number  483. 


ANTENNA  TUNER 

The  Palomar  Engineers 
PT*407  is  a  generai'purpose 
tuner  for  1.8*30  MHz  to  niatch 
antennas  fed  with  coaxial  or 
open-wire  iines,  single-wire  or 
mobile  antennas.  The  300-Watt 
power  rating  makes  \X  just  right 
for  most  transceivers.  The 
PT-407  is  an  efficient  tuner  with 
3  large  alrwound  coil,  a  large 
balun  for  open-wire  feed,  and 
ceramic  insulation  throughout. 
It  is  housed  in  an  e"x4"x7*' 
aluminum  cabinet.  All  controls 
are  on  the  front  panel,  coaxial 
connectors  are  SO-239,  and  por- 
celain insulators  are  used  for 
balanced  lines  and  single-wire  in- 
puts* The  PT-407  antenna 
tuner  sells  for  $149.95,  For  more 
information,  write  to  Palomar 
Engineers,  1924-F  W.  Mission 
Road,  Escondido  CA  92025. 


SATELLITE  STATION 

The  Ten-Tec  Model  2510  con- 
tains a  435-MHz  USB/CW  trans^ 
mitter  and  a  high  dynamic  range 
2-meter-to-1 0-meter  receive  con- 
verter. The  Model  2510  and  a 
10-meler  SSB/CW  receiver  pro- 
vide full  duplex,  transmit,  and 
receive  functions  for  operating 
on  the  upcoming  OSCAR  Phase 
3  satellite  in  Mode  B, 

The  transmitter  operates 
from  435  to  435.5  MHz  (coverage 
can  be  extended  to  437  MHz 
with  an  optional  oscillator).  Ten 
Watts  out  is  available  m  USB 
and  CW,  The  receive  portion 
converts  144*146  MHz  to  28-30 
MHz.  A  12-volt  power  supply  is 
required.  Amateur  net  price  for 


*liMnc^  iiki 


rsQffSE    inuMOf    RSCll   CQN-iE^fE9      J^ 


lilt 

F14.TIB 


0   1D(]   & 


*r*«NJ 


lUNE 


llll    III!        <' 


fttOPJOOV 


•uf'Fifl  i^uu.'dF 


tMii  i»  ew 


mwF  mm    ua. 


o*      « 


^£4*s  WB/^-flC  reader/convBfter 


Yaesu's  FT-290H  transceiver. 


I 


the  Model  2510  is  $489,  For 
more  information,  contact  Ten- 
Tec,  Seviervilte  TN  37862, 


READER/CONVERTER 

The  Advanced  Eiectfonics  Ap- 
pMcations  MBA-RC  (Morse, 
Baydot,  ASCII  Reader/Code 
Converter)  Is  actually  several 
sophisticated  devices  ali 
wrapped  up  in  one  package.  Ttie 
unit  performs  as  a  f ull*f unction 
decoder  and  display  unit  for 
Morse-,   Baudot-,   and   ASCJI- 


coded  signals,  operating  direct- 
ly from  the  audio  output  of  any 
stable  communications  recelv- 
er.  The  MBA-RC  also  encom- 
passes a  Morse,  Baudot,  and 
ASCfl  encoder  and  code  con- 
verter. The  unit  will  perform 
serial-to-parallel  and  paraiiel'to- 
serial  code  conversions  as  well 
as  cross-mode  conversions.  All 
the  necessary  analog  process- 
ing and  tone  generation  for  two- 
way  contacts  in  any  MBA  codes 
Is  tncluded. 
Other  features  include  a  built- 


in  sfdetone  monitor,  an  FSK 
tone  generator  and  an  auto- 
matic station  ID  message.  The 
MBA-RC  has  a  list  price  of 
$469.95.  For  more  information, 
contact  Advanced  Efectrontc 
Apptications,  PO  Box  2160,  Lyn~ 
v^ood  WA  98036.  Reader  Service 
number  477. 


PORTABLE  TRANSCEIVERS 

The  FT-290R  and  FT-690R  are 
multi-mode  battery  portable 
transceivers  for  2  meters  and  6 


meters,  respectively.  Designed 
for  2.5  Watts  output  on  SSB, 
CW;  and  FM  (the  FT-690R  also 
has  AM),  these  transceivers  use 
liquid  crystal  displays  and  in^ 
elude  scanning  in  variable 
steps.  The  FT-290R  and  FT'690R 
are  powered  by  alkaline  or  nicad 
CH:ells  (not  supplied).  The  FT- 
290R  is  priced  at  S399  and  the 
FT-690R  is  offered  for  $379.  For 
more  information,  contact 
Yaesu  Elect ronics  Corp.,  PO 
Box  49,  Paramount  CA  90723. 
Reader  Service  number  481* 


Salting  73  Mag- 
azine  will    make 
money  for  you.  Consid- 
er the  facts: 
Fact  #1:  Selling   73  Magazine 
increases  store  traffic — our  deafers 
telt  us  that   73  Magazine  is  the  hot- 
test-selling amateur  radio  magazine  on  the 
newsstands. 

Fact   #2:  There   is   a  direct   correlation   between 
store  traffic  and  sales— increase  the  number  of  people 
coming  through  your  door  and  you'll  increase  sales. 
Fact  #3:  Fact  #1   +   Fact  #2  =  INCREASED  SALES, 
which  means  more  money  for  you.  And  that's  a  fact. 

For  information  on  selling  73  Magazine,  call 
800-343-0728  and  speak  with  Ginnie  Boudrieau,  our 
bulk  sales  manager.  Or  write  to  her  at  73  Magazine, 

80  Pine  St.,  Peterborough,  NH  03458. 


MAGAZIHE 

QQ  Pine  Street  Pet^rbQrouqK  HH  03458 

800-3430728 


ANNOUNCING 


Rf   PRODUCTS   announces    prorturrtion    of    5/8    waveT^ngm    VHF 
letescoping    anternias  lot    144  I4a    WtH/  {2M)     152  IM    MHz   and 
220-225  MHz:  (1  %j  These  new  ttni^nmnas  are  intenrfed  lor  use  on 
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BNC  conneH^tor.  5fi6'32  sIueJ    o*   PL  259  connecrof    A  teiescop 
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binat4ort  of  a  &ase  spring  fo^  whij:!  prol^chon  and'  a  mned  match 
mg  network  tor  minimum  VSWR   Mm^mum  2  melef  bandwidth  tut 
1,5  t    VSWfl  iS  35  MHi    Ov^tall  tfrngtfi  *ith   BNC  connector  is 
44''i    inches  (ltO.ZS  CMj    The  BNC  CO«rtectO'   4rFd  S16-32  slmd 
motSei^   are    fniended   Iq#    hand!  heict   tran5ce«<et   iHT^   ys**   aryj 
ff*»  PL-2^  modeJ  nfhich  fnciif(t#S  a  fv   -  WI59  righs  anqte  adap 
tor  IS  mlenc^ed  lor  direcl  le^t  mou'^'  '"  &as«  szat«Qf*  trans 

ceiv^s    Sug^^aied  115!  iince  iw  aiT  iTKxfeis  is  ii»95  ihe  most 
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tgi  219  2  M  PL-259  tonnerir.t 


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191  6O0  V.M  «kJt6  32stifil 

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T91  Bl9  »■-  M   PL-259  connector 


ELECTRICAL 
S*»ECtFlCATlONS 

Birii*wi 01  Na«l'  1  5  "I  W5Wn  3  l>Mn/  mi  h 

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IMECHANlCAi 
SPECIFIC  AT  IONS 


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SPECIAL|2;JNG  IN  POHTABLE.  FlJ<ED  STATiON  AND  T|St  EOUIPMEM  ANTENISfAfi 

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RF  PRODUCTS 


#^  138 


PO  80X    33.   ROCKLEDOE,    FL.32955    (305)631-0775 


Ser  Ust  Qf  A^vtrti$^s  on  psge  f14 


73  Magazine  •  July  J  982     107 


Wayne  Green  Books 


worc^roce^ng 
system  in  kll 


by 


r-EE} 


h  H  ATNE  OBSSlr 
pgiUCATIOK 


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*TRS«J  and  TRSOOS  are  tradenrrarKs  of  Ihe  Radtj^  Shack  Di- 
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lOa     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


the 


10 

11 


NEVER  SAY  DIE  — If  you  want  controversy, 
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AWARDS — To  find  out  what  certificates  are  avail- 
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CONSTRUCTION -The  builder's  magazine... 
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From 


MAGAZIHE 


THE  1982  EDITION 

GENERAL  LICENSE 
STUDY  GUIDE 

by  Timothy  M.  Oanief  N8RK 


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110     73 Magazine  •  July.  1982 


RADIO 


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5  WPM  — CT7305— This  is  the  beginning  tape  foe  people 
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^BACK  BREAKER" 

t3+  WPM— CT7313— Code  groups  again,  at  a  brisit  14 
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breakmg  tape 


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TSMagazine  •  July,  1982    115 


Hm  HELP 


I  am  looking  for  some  ideas 
for  simple  FM  detection  in  a 
military  R-19  receiver.  The  unit 
tunes  through  the  2-meter  band 
and  operates  from  a  26^V<dc 
supply. 

Dick  levy  WB3EVY 

1331  Hale  St 

Philadelphia  PA  19111 

1  am  looking  for  a  copy  of  the 
tube  chart  and  updating  infor- 
mation for  the  B  &  K  Precision 
Model  650  tube  tester.  I  will  pay 
postage  both  ways  so  that  I  can 
photocopy  it 

tarry  Schuldt 

B45  Willow  Rd. 
Marengo  It  60152 


I  need  fnatructions  for  re- 
wiring a  standard  6-button 
telephone  keyset  so  that  it  can 
be  used  with  a  Western  Electric 
(Ma  Bell)  212A  modem.  I  will  pay 
reasonable  copying  costs  and 
postage^ 

Doug  Ranz  N8CDX 

PO  Box  1425 

Warren  Ml  48090 

I  have  a  Jackson  Electrical  os- 
cilloscope. If  \  can  borrow  either 
the  complete  manual  (instruc- 
tion) Of  schematic  for  Xeroxing,  I 
will  return  and  pay  all  postage. 

Petsr  Dai  Corobbo 
18650  Marshall  Ave. 
Homewood  It  60430 


Off! 

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AMATEUR 

ELECTRONIC  SUPPLY  ' 

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Wisconsin  WATS:  1-800-24^-5195 

Nationwide  WATS:  1-800-558-0411 

AIS  Branch  Stores  in:  Clearwater,  FL  • 
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I  am  looking  for  mariuais/ 
scherr^atics  for  the  following: 

•  Midland  13-505  2-meter  trans- 
ceiver 

•  Cleaver  Company  Moilel  33A 
electronic  keyer 

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converter 

•  Acton  Labs,  Inc.,  Model  #810 
VTVM 

I  am  also  looking  tor  any  mod- 
ifications to  improve  the  Ten- 
Tec  Argonaut  505  transceiver, 
especially  for  vfo  stability  and 
receiver  sensitivity.  I  will  gladly 
reimburse  copying/mailing 
costs. 

Gary  Kohtala  WA7NTF 

S&  FCo.,  USAISD,  BOK918 

Ft.  Devens  MA  01433 

1  would  like  to  buy  a  National 
NCX-A  ac  power  supply. 

Gaiv  Jonds 

PO  Box  26313 

Houston  TX  77207 


I  need  help  in  obtaining  a 
replacement  nicad  pack  for  a 
Wilson  Mark  IV  4-Watt,  2-meter 
hand-held  transceiver. 

W.A.  L1es«keWB7PUP 

428  Bremerton  Blvd. 

Bremerton  WA  98312 

I  need  an  operating  manual/ 
schematic  for  a  Dumont  Labs 
cathode-ray  oscillograph,  type 
#203.  Costs  paid. 

Glenn  Churchill  KA2I0I 

21  Bay  St. 
Glens  Falls  NY  12801 

I  would  liketo  modify  my  Sony 
ICF-6e00W  to  contain  a  noise 
blanker  and  to  receive  on 
longwave.  I  would  like  to  locate 
some  hardware  or  technical  in- 
formation concerning  these 
modifications. 

Mark  Hunt 

2135  South  Union  Ave. 

Bakersfield  CA  93307 


ILUNOfS  STATE  ARRLCONVENTfON 

Sunday— August  22.  1982 
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116     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


protects 

soHd  state 

communications 

equipment 

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transients  entering 

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These  transients  usually  ar^  eaus&d  by 
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The  new  Model  1549  Surge  Shunt  can  be 
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The  arrester  "pill"  element  fias  a  long 
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The  HAM-1  functions  include  local  time, 
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AMATEUR 

ELECTRONIC  SUPPLY* 

4828  W.  Food  du  Lac  Avenue 

Milwaukee.  Wisconsin  53216 

Phone:  (414)  442  4200 

Wisconsin  WATS  1-800-242-5 195 

Nationwide  WATS:  1-800^558-0411 

A£  S  Bf  a  n  t  h  Stores  in:    Clear . vatef .  FL  • 

Orlando.  FL  •  Wtcklrffe  OH  •  Las  Veqas  NV 


S&e  list  pf  Adi^eni&ers  on  page  t14 


73Mag8zine  •  JufyJ982    117 


W2NSD/1 

NEVER  SAY  DIE 

eo^/tor/a/  t>y  Wayne  Green 


from  p^ge  $ 

found  Haiti.  The  Bahamas  are 
treacherous,  so  we  were  very 
tucky  not  to  run  onto  any  of  the 
thousands  of  shoals  and  reefs. 

Exhausted  by  the  storm,  we 
found  a  protected  bay  and  an- 
chored to  rest.  A  couple  of  hours 
later,  we  awoke  to  find  ourselves 
at  gunpoint — faced  by  a  bunch 
of  excited  Haitians  who  had 
sneaked  atx^ard  our  ship.  They 
spoke  no  English  and  no  one  In 
our  group  spoke  any  French. , . 
except  me.  I  quickly  started  try- 
ing to  rernember  what  I  could  of 
my  high  school  French,  twenty 
years  unused  and  nnostfy  forgot- 
ten. The  menacing  guns  prompt- 
ed my  memory. 

It  turned  out  that  these  were 
police  from  nearby  Mole  St. 
Nicholas.  They  were  convinced 
that  they  had  captured  a  bunch 
of  invaders  bent  on  taking  over 
Haiti  and  were  looking  forward 
to  a  good  deal  of  publicity  and 
perhaps  rewards  from  the  gov- 
ernment. The  idea  died  hard,  but 
I  finally  convinced  them  that  we 
were  a  scientific  team.  How 
could  I  ever  explain  to  these  sim- 
ple people  that  we  were  hams 
bent  on  visiting  a  deserted  is- 
land to  set  up  a  radio  station  for 
fun7 

WevtsHed  the  town.  Have  you 
ever  visited  a  place  where  the  av* 
erage  Income  is  about  $50  per 
year?  Some  of  our  welfare  cus- 
tomers should  have  a  chance  to 
see  what  real  poverty  can  be! 

From  there  we  sailed  across 
to  Kavassa  and  looked  It  over. 
Hmmm.  Formidable.  Just  one 
place  to  get  up  the  cliffs  which 
completely  surround  the  island 
.  *  .and  that  via  a  wire  rope  lad- 
der, with  the  waves  shoving  your 
t}03t  into  the  undBrcut  cliffs 
where  it  would  be  instantly 
shredded.  We  went  back  to  Haiti 
to  rent  some  Haitians  and  a 
small  boat  so  we  could  get  the 
ham  gear  onto  the  island. 

At  Cape  Dame  Marie,  I  once 
again  managed  to  remember 
enough  French  to  get  the  help 
we  needed . . .  and  make  the  bar- 
gain. The  head  of  the  village 

lis     73Maganne  •  JulyJ982 


made  the  bargain  and  gave  us 
two  Haitians  and  a  boat.  We 
found  out  later  that  he  had  no  In* 
tent  ion  of  giving  the  two  chaps 
one  cent  of  the  pay,  We  towed 
the  boat  with  the  Haitians  be* 
hind  our  ship  back  to  Navassa- 
On  the  way  one  of  them  man* 
aged  to  fall  overboard.  Luck  was 
with  us  and  one  of  our  group 
was  looking  that  way  when  It 
happened  so  we  were  able  to 
stop  and  circle  around  to  pick 
him  up.  Damned  fool  couldn't 
swim  and  he  was  thrashing 
around,  which  attracts  sharks. 
He  wouldn't  have  lasted  ten 
minutes. 

With  the  help  of  the  Haitians 
we  got  all  of  our  ham  gear  from 
the  boat  to  the  top  of  the  cliff. 
I'm  afraid  thai  we  had  to  do 
most  of  the  work.  It  was  hot  and 
dry.  The  damned  island  is  cov- 
ered with  cactus  and  a  wide  vari* 
ety  of  bushes  with  burrs.  They 
seem  to  jump  out  at  you  If  you 
even  get  close  to  them^ 

We  set  up  two  stations,  one 

right  at  the  top  of  the  cliff  and 
the  other  a  couple  hundred  feet 
away.  We  had  an  enormous  gas- 
driven  power  generator,  two 
complete  towers  with  beams, 
and  rotors.  We  spared  no  ex- 
pens©  to  t>e  well  equipped.  Our 
main  receiver  was  a  Drake  1  A,  a 
sideband  (and  CW)  only  receiv- 
er. That  was  a  new  way  to  go 
back  in  the  early  days  of  side- 
band. 

The  ship  headed  back  to  Haiti 
after  leaving  us  off,  scheduled 
to  retum  for  us  In  a  few  days. , , 
we  hoped-  Soon  after  the  ship 
left,  we  found  that  we  had  a  little 
problem.  Oh,  the  rigs  worked 
tine,  but  the  heat  was  merciless 
and  we  found  that  our  water 
supply  was  zilch.  It  turned  out 
that  the  50  gallons  of  water  we'd 
brought  had  been  in  a  rusty 
drum  and  had  all  leaked  out  on 
the  trip  down.  Chet  had  noticed 
this  and  :30lved  the  problem  by 
not  bothering  to  bring  the  drum 
with  us  to  the  island.  So  we  were 
faced  with  several  days  without 
water  on  this  tropical  desert  is- 
land. 


A  couple  of  us  explored  the  is- 
land, hoping  to  find  some  water. 
At  the  very  top  of  the  island  was 
a  tower  with  a  beacon  light,  It 
was  powered  by  acetylene 
which  was  piped  up  from  bottles 
kept  in  a  small  shed  near  the 
liny  bay  where  we  had  our  ham 
rigs.  We  found  the  remains  of  a 
house  where,  In  earlier  days,  a 
lighthouse  keeper  had  lived.  Dio- 
ging  down  through  the  remains 
of  the  house  we  found  a  cistern 
under  the  rubble.  It  had  quite  a 
bit  of  slimy  water  still  left  in  it 
,,,but  water  It  was  J 

We  brought  the  water  down  In 
cans  and  bottles  and  boiled  It. 
After  a  day  we  got  tired  of  the 
boiling  procedure  and  decided 
to  see  if  this  was  really  neces- 
sary. Ghet,  who  in  many  ways 
had  managed  to  isolate  himself 
from  the  rest  of  us^  was  chosen 
(without  his  knowledge)  to  be 
the  guinea  pig.  We  gave  him  the 
untreated  water  and  waited  to 
see  if  he  would  survive.  He  didn't 
seem  to  notice  anything  so  we 
all  switched  to  untreated  water. 

Navassa  had  not  been  active 
in  many  years  so  we  had  a  ball 
on  the  air,  knocking  *em  off  by 
the  thousands.  Talk  about  pile- 
ups! 

When  we  were  getting  the 
equipment  from  the  ship  to  the 
small  boat  and  then  from  there 
up  onto  the  Island,  some  of  the 
key  beam  antenna  elements 
managed  to  slip  out  of  the 
sling  and  fall  into  the  water 
at  the  base  of  the  cliff.  I  had 
my  scuba  tanks  with  me  just 
in  case  of  something  like  th^s, 
so  1  was  elected  to  go  after 
the  lost  aluminum. 

It  turned  out  that  tte  water 
was  only  at>out  60  feet  deep 
right  there  so  I  was  able  to  sur* 
face  dive  and  bring  it  all  up  J  can 
hold  my  breath  for  a  minute  or 
so  and  do  pretty  well  in  anything 
less  than  75  feet  without  the 
scuba  equipment. .  .as  long  as 
It  Is  just  going  down  and  then 
back  up  again.  The  many  sharks 
and  barracuda  put  the  others  off 
from  much  swimming.  I  tried  to 
assure  them  that  the  fish  were 
just  curious  and  to  ignore  them, 
but  I  wasn't  vary  convincing  ap* 
parently. 

Once  the  plleups  ran  down, 
we  packed  up  and  sailed  back  to 
Haiti  where  a  couple  of  us  left  to 
fly  home  and  back  to  business. 
Four  of  the  group  came  back 
with  the  ham  gear  to  Nassau.  I 
eventually  got  back  most  of  my 
ham  gear,  but  never  saw  my  two 
scuba  tanks  again. 


I  ran  an  article  In  CO  on  the 
DXpedltion,  doctoring  up  the 
photo  of  the  loading  area  and 
the  cliff  with  a  big  '^W2NSD" 
sign.  This  seemed  better  than 
the  Coast  Guard  graffiti  which 
was  actually  there.  Later  DXp©* 
dittons  to  Navassa  brought 
paint  planning  to  cover  up  my 
W2NS0  with  their  calls.  Not 
finding  It,  they  painted  their 
calls  everywhere  and  made  an 
awful  mess. 

I  have  a  great  16mm  color 
movie  of  the  expedition  which 
might  be  of  interest  some  day. 
My  slides  were,  unfortunately, 
out  on  loan  to  a  ham  club  at  the 
time  I  was  fired  from  CQ,  and  I 
was  never  able  to  get  them  back. 

In  1972,  a  group  of  hams  from 
Atlanta  decided  to  do  a  Navassa 
DXpedition  trip  and  1  got  Invited. 
The  leader  was  Chaz  Cone 
W4GKF,  who  also  runs  the  year- 
ly Atlanta  Ham  Festival  and  was 
recently  involved  with  the  new 
(8M  microcomputer  system. 

This  lime  we  flew  to  Jamaica, 
where  it  was  only  an  overnight 
boat  trip  to  the  island.  Piece  of 
cake. 

The  Time  article  was  In  error 
on  a  couple  of  minor  points.  The 
description  of  amateur  radio  as 
a  burgeoning  (to  grow  or  deveK 
op  rapidly)  hobby  is  nice  to  read, 
but  a  bit  optimistic.  And  I  don't 
know  how  one  makes  mutton 
stew  out  of  a  goat.  Goat  stew, 
sure. . .  and  it  can  be  delicious  if 
you  don't  know  the  name  of  the 
goat  Involved. 

They  are  right  about  one 
thing:  DXpeditionIng  Is  exciting 
and  fun.  it  is  adventure  and  I 
guarantee  that  if  you  break 
loose  and  go  on  one»  that  you 
will  never  forget  one  single  min- 
ute of  the  trip,  no  matter  how 
long  you  live.  There  are  not 
many  adventures  left  like  that  in 
our  protective  (perhaps  overpro- 
tective)  world.  Giving  a  few  thou- 
sand hams  a  new  country  mere- 
ly supports  a  branch  of  the  hob- 
by which  is  of  quesiionabie  val- 
ue—country  chasing.  Few  hams 
in  rare  countries  enjoy  the  pres- 
sures this  forces  on  them,  which 
leads  to  rare  countries  being 
even  rarer* .  .thwarting  one  of 
the  basic  values  of  amateur  ra* 
dio!  International  friendships. 

Maybe  we  could  set  up  a  new 
rule  which  would  only  give  coun- 
try credit  If  you  work  a  DXpedi- 
tion, 

CHINA! 

Speaking  of  adventure. .  .and 
keeping  in  mind  the  recent  acti* 


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73Magazine  •  JutyJ982     119 


vaiion  of  Clima. .  .perhaps  you 
can  take  the  lime  to  break  loose 
this  tall  and  join  me  for  a  short 
trip  to  China.  Ten  of  us  went  to 
Canton  a  little  over  a  year  ago 
and  had  an  experience  that 
none  ot  us  wilt  ever  forget 

This  fall,  starting  in  late  Octo- 
ber there  will  be  a  touf  of  the 
electronics  shows  in  Tokyo. 
Seoul,  Taipei  and  Hong  Kong. 
Fronn  there  we  will  go  to  Bejing 
for  a  couple  of  days  and  then  on 
around  to  other  electronics 
shows  in  Munich  and  London. 
Yep,  this  trip  not  only  will  gel 
you  into  the  most  interesting 
places  in  Asia,  including  Peking, 
but  is  an  around-the-world  tour. 

in  general,  the  touf  allows  a 
couple  of  days  for  each  elec- 
tronics show  and  then  one  for 
travel,  which  means  that  the 
seven-city  tour  takes  about 
three  weeks.  The  cost  is  around 
$4,000  and  that  includes  first* 
class  hotels,  all  transportation^ 
and  perhaps  more  meals  than 
you  may  be  able  to  handle. 
Some  of  the  meals  on  these 
tours  are  spectacular. 

At  the  shows  you  get  to  see 
the  latest  in  consumer  electron* 
Ic  equipment^  smaii  computers, 
and  so  on-  We'll  be  meeting 
hams,  of  course.  If  you  are  in 
electronics  you  may  find  some 
products  to  import,  some  firms 
which  want  your  products,  or 
firms  to  make  things  for  you. 
These  shows  are  about  the  only 
practical  way  to  reach  the  small- 
er businessmen  in  Asia. 

II  you7e  Interested  in  racking 
up  some  memories  for  a  life- 
time, drop  me  a  note  and  I'll  see 
that  you  get  the  dope  on  the 
tour.  I've  been  on  it  twice  now 
and  find  it  first  rate. 

AN  ARRL  RESPONSIBILITY 

Many  years  ago.  an  amateur 
organization  was  formed  for  the 
main  purpose  of  providing  lob- 
bying for  the  hobby  and  for  fund- 
ing ^egal  fights  against  laws 
which  would  be  seriously  harm- 
ful to  the  hobby.  The  League 
spent  a  fortune  to  put  that  new 
organization  out  of  business, 
fearir^g  any  rivals. ,, even  for 
IMirposes  for  which  they  were 
not  responsible. 

Okay..Jhis,  to  my  mind, 
puts  some  responsibility  on 
their  shoulders  to  stand  up  ^nd 
fight  when  restrictive  laws  are 
passed  which  are  harmful  to  am* 
ateur  radio.  A  case  in  point  is  a 
recent  ordinance  passed  by  the 
city  of  Burbank,  Illinois. .  .and 
this  one  is  hard  to  believe. 

120     73Magazme  •  JulyJ982 


Firstly,   they  {list   recently 
passed  a  one-year  moratorium 

on  issuing  any  permits  for  ama- 
teur antennas.  Secondly,  there 
is  an  $11  yearly  fee  for  the  In- 
spection of  each  antenna,  with  a 
$tO  follow-up  fee  if  the  antenna 
does  not  pass  inspection  and 
has  to  t>e  reinspected. 


Even  antennas  already  in 
place  must  be  registered,  with  a 
lot  of  legal  details  plus  a  proof 
of  bond,  proof  of  insurance  on 
the  antenna,  proof  of  inspec* 
tlons,  and  so  on.  The  bond,  by 
the  way,  requires  those  respon- 
stbie  for  the  installation  to  put 
up  $5,000  which  is  kept  by  the 


NEWSLETTER  OF  THE  MONTH 

This  month  marks  the  12th  part  of  73's  Newsletter  of  the 
Month  series,  it  seems  appropriate  to  close  the  first  year  ot 
the  contest  by  reviewing  our  eleven  winners.— N8RK. 

73' s  August,  1981 1  pick  was  the  Richardson  Wireless  Klub's 
Chawed  Rag.  We  appreciated  their  decision  lo  cover  upcom- 
ing club  activities  rather  than  the  minute  details  of  what  went 
on  at  the  last  club  meeting. 

September's  choice,  The  Birmingham  Amateur  Hadio  Ciub 
Newsletter,  offered  some  good  technical  information.  They 
included  details  about  a  simple  RTTY  station  as  well  as  fea- 
tured a  monthly  "Technical  Corner"  in  which  real-life  prob- 
lems were  discussed. 

The  October  winner  came  from  the  San  Diego  Repeater  As- 
sociation. Squetch  Tales  boasts  several  pages  of  paid  adver- 
tising each  month.  This  defrays  the  publication  costs,  leaving 
the  club's  resources  available  for  other  projects. 

The  name  Squetch  Tale  (this  time  with  no  "s")  popped  up 
again  in  November.  We  applauded  the  Chicago  FM  Club  for 
their  newsletter's  eye-catching  appearance:  a  consistent, 
clean*looking  layout  that  ensures  readers  will  spend  some 
time  with  each  issue. 

Rounding  out  the  1981  winners  was  The  Scuttlebutt,  pub- 
lished by  the  Yankee  Clipper  Contest  Club.  The  Clippers  leave 
no  stone  unturned  in  a  quest  for  ciub  members  who  can  pro- 
vide connections  to  keep  the  cost  of  producing  the  Scuftte- 
butt  to  a  minimum. 

The  Whealon  Community  Radio  Amateurs'  The  Hamletter 
caught  our  eye  in  January,  1982,  with  its  two*color  priming  job 
and  large  number  of  black  and  white  photos.  The  Hamtetter 
masthead  gives  more  than  a  list  of  officers;  you'l  I  also  find  de- 
tails about  when  the  club  meets  each  month  and  where  to 
look  for  the  local  repeaters  and  nets.  These  kinds  of  details 
make  a  newsletter  friendly  and  helpful  to  new  readers. 

Humor  was  a  key  feature  in  the  February  winner,  The  Na- 
ItotiQl  Hampoort,  This  publication  of  the  Cleveland-based 
South  East  Amateur  Radio  Club  relates  a  lot  of  information 
about  the  doings  of  individual  members  in  a  good-natured, 
fun  way. 

A  statewide  organization,  the  Wisconsin  Association  of  Re- 
peaters, was  recognized  for  its  newsletter  in  the  March,  1982, 
issue  of  73.  Our  judges  said.  "A  newsletter  editor  needs  to 
keep  in  mind  the  audience  he  is  trying  to  reach;  if  he  gives  his 
specialized  audience  the  specialized  information  that  they 
joined  together  to  learn,  they  will  be  happy  both  with  the 
newsletter  and  the  club/' 

April's  pick,  the  Metroplex  Amateur  Radio  Communica- 
tions Association  newsietter,  was  recognized  for  its  beautiful 
layout.  This  publication  is  another  example  of  utilizing  the  tal- 
ents of  your  club  members— the  editor  is  a  commercial  artist. 

The  May  winner,  Kansas  Amateur  Badio,  is  a  good  example 
of  the  fact  that  a  pubHcation  doesn't  always  need  the  backing 
of  a  club.  This  statewide  newsletter  is  a  nonprofit  venture  that 
relies  on  readers  for  financial  and  editorial  support.  The  result 
is  very  impressive. 

Rounding  out  the  first  year  of  7Js  Newsletter  of  the  Month 
Contest  was  The  Log,  published  by  the  Northern  Ohio  Ama- 
teur Radio  Society.  The  Log  includes  something  for  everyone: 
reports  for  awards  chasers,  the  contest  crowd,  DX  hounds, 
traffic  handjers  and  Novices. 


city.  The  wording  of  the  ordi- 
nance could  be  constroed  to 
force  any  amateur  putting  up  his 
own  antenna  to  put  up  this 
S5,000  bond. 

The  real  capper  is  the  last  part 
of  the  law  which  makes  it  iilegal 
to  cause  any  interference  to  ra- 
dios, televisions,  musical  instru- 
ments, hi-fis,  and  so  on.  The  fine 
set  for  this  is  a  minimum  of  $25 
and  a  maximum  of  $1,000  for 
each  offense. 

This  sort  of  mischief  must  be 
fought.  If  it  is  permitted  to  stand 
in  one  city  we  can  only  expect  it 
to  proliferate,  with  each  city 
pointing  to  the  previous  ones  for 
legitimacy  of  the  law.  Yet  fight- 
ing laws  such  as  this,  which 
seem  silly,  but  which  are  laws,  is 
an  expensive  undertaking.  Who 
Is  going  to  pay  to  fight  these 
laws? 

I  realize  that  there  are  a  lot  of 
amateurs  who  believe  that  any 
law  must  be  obeyed  and  that  it 
is  un-American  to  even  try  to 
fight  laws,  good  or  bad  The  fact 
IE  that  there  are  a  lot  of  really 
bad  laws  around  and  we  either 
have  to  fight  them  or  else  give 
up  more  and  more  of  our  free- 
dom. 

You  know,  these  same  televi- 
sion viewers  who  gang  up  to 
force  hams  off  the  air  will  be  the 
first  ones  to  t>e  screaming  for 
ham  communications  when  an 
emergency  strikes.  Speaking  of 
emergency  communications, 
the  more  we  can  organize  this 
aspect  of  amateur  radio,  the 
stronger  case  we'll  have  when 
we  have  to  deal  with  idiots  such 
as  the  ones  who  put  through  the 
Burbank  ordinance.  Trying  to 
reason  with  them  as  mere  hob* 
byists  trying  to  enjoy  our  hobby 
won't  cut  a  lot  of  mustard. 

It's  funny  about  our  laws. 
There  has  been  a  lot  of  fuss  late^ 
ly  about  driving  and  drinking,  yet 
the  courts  seem  to  be  fighting 
the  laws  and  doing  ail  they  can 
to  make  sure  that  these  drunken 
turkeys  are  back  In  cars  again. 
We  had  one  up  here  who  had  a 
record  of  drunk  driving.  .  .and 
t>eing  let  loose.  He  got  soused 
one  night,  got  behind  the  wheel 
...turned  his  truck  over.*, 
some  people  helped  him  turn  it 
back  again  and  he  went  on  a  few 
minutes  later  to  wipe  out  three 
kids  when  he  drove  over  the  line 
into  their  lane.  The  police  gave 
him  a  drunk  meter  test,  but  the 
court  wouldn't  allow  the  results 
to  be  mentioned  in  the  trial.  And 
so  it  goes  with  laws. 

As  far  as  crazy  laws  are  con- 


lerned.  we  need  to  keep  our 
iyes  out  for  them  and  make  sure 
:hat  the  ARRL,  our  onfy  national 
:lub.  IS  held  responsible  for  our 
srotection.  Remember  that  they 
are  our  only  club  because  they 
lave  spent  the  money  it  took  to 
shoot  down  all  the  others.  Tm 
not  pot-shotting  the  League— 
Dniy  pointing  out  the  facts  and 
:he  responsibilities  which  we,  as 
Tiembers,  have  to  hold  them  to, 

GEHERAL  NOTES 

Every  now  and  then  a  reader 
mllBS  in  with  indignation  that 
le  (or  she,  rarely)  has  written  me 
1  letter  and  \  have  not  personally 
answered.  First,  let  me  assure 
/ou  that  I  do,  indeed,  read  my 
Tiail.  If  you  write  to  me,  I  will  get 
[he  letter  The  odds  are  not  so 
^ood  that  you  will  get  an 
inswer*  for  the  simple  reason 
:hat  I  am  but  one  person  and 
^ou,  the  reader,  are  one  of  about 
^50,000  who  read  my  magazines 
sach  month.  You  get  the  picture? 

The  average  magazine  editor 
A^rites  a  paragraph  or  two  a 
Tionth,  an  exercise  not  likely  to 
get  many  readers  fired  up  into  a 
etter-writing  frenzy.  My  ex- 
tended editorials  in  five  monthly 
Tiagazines  seem  to  flip  the  more 
JeHcately  balanced  (unbal- 
anced?) readers  into  an  ennui 
Afhich  is  only  surmounted  by  a 
ong  letler  to  Wayne ,..  some 
enthusiastic  and  others  vituper- 
ative, I  seem  to  have  a  halo  when 
/iewed  from  some  angles  and 
distinct  horns  from  others. 

The  fact  is  that  I  am  someone 
A^ho  is  trying  mightily  to  make 
jp  for  a  deprived  childhood,  I 
'eaify  wanted  to  get  a  small 
printing  press  when  I  was  a  kid 
and  have  been  taking  out  the  re- 


sulting frustration  on  a  growing 
number  of  not  very  innocent  by- 
standers, I've  got  one  now  and  I 
am  having  a  balL 

Mind  you,  whether  1  can 
answer  or  not,  I  do  want  to  hear 
from  you.  If  you  have  anything  to 
tell  me  about  some  of  my  edi- 
torials, I  am  always  open  to 
more  data.  Emotional  reac- 
tions? No.  Reasoned  argu- 
ments? Sure.  And  if  you  run  into 
newspaper  or  magazine  clip- 
pings I  might  have  missed,  t 
would  really  appreciate  getting 
them.  You  probably  already 
know  about  my  Interests,  such 
as  anything  to  do  with  amateur 
radio,  microcomputers,  educa- 
tion, UFOs,  radar,  TVRO... 
things  like  that. 

If  you  have  a  subscription 
problem,  Vn\  sympathettc  but 
almost  as  helpless  as  you  are. 
Send  word  of  your  problem  to  T3 
Subscription  Dept.,  Box  931, 
Farmingdale  IMY  1 1 737,  and  give 
a//of  the  details.  If  this  manages 
to  fail  to  help  after  about  six 
weeks,  the  next  step  is  to  write 
to  the  Circulation  Manager,  73 
Magazine,  Peterborough  NH 
03458.  It  that  doesn't  gel  action, 
try  General  Manager  Debra 
Boudrieau,  Wayne  Green,  Inc.. 
80  Pine  Street,  Peterborough  NH 
03458.  If  that,  too,  fails,  let  me 
know  and  J  will  rattle  the  chains. 
If  you  need  a  back  issue,  try 
your  best  to  identify  it  We  don't 
have  a  staff  sitting  around  ready 
to  try  to  find  articles  via  a  clue  or 
two.  Check  our  yearly  index  for 
hints.  Check  our  Radio  Book- 
shop for  back  issue  prices.  .  , 
if  wa  have  the  issues. 

We  have  just  enough  people 
here  to  barely  get  the  magazine 
out  each  month,  so  there  is  no 


one  sitting  around  to  give  tech- 
nical help  or  to  design  circuits 
for  you.  If  you  do  have  a  ques- 
tion, please  send  it  to  the  Tech- 
nical Editor,  73  Magazine, 
Peterborough  NH  03458,  com- 
plete with  an  SASE. .  .and  then 
hope  that  he  gets  some  time. 
For  the  most  part,  you  want  to 
try  to  deal  with  the  author  of  an 
article,  remembering  that  he, 
too,  may  be  up  to  here  In  trying 
to  keep  up  with  correspon- 
dence. It  is  not  unusual  lor  an 
author  to  get  a  thousand  letters 
after  a  particularly  interesting 
article.  Now,  how  is  he  going  to 
handle  all  of  that? 

ARTICLES 

In  the  main,  we  are  looking  for 
construction  projects.  I  have 
this  bee  in  my  bonnet  about  get- 
ting hams  Into  building  again, 
even  if  I  have  to  drag  them  kick- 
ing and  screaming  into  it ...  as  I 
did  with  FM  and  repeaters.  Boy! 
Did  the  readers  hate  FM  when  1 
started  with  thati 

Articles  are  simple  to  write. 
You  must  type  them  in  upper* 
and  lowercase  characters.  You 
must  double-space  and  leave 
generous  margins  on  the  pages 
for  editing.  We  are  now  able  to 
accept  articles  written  on  your 
TRS-80  I  and  111.  Send  in  both  the 
disk  and  a  double-spaced  print- 
out. Then  we  will  be  able  to  do 
the  editing  on  the  printout  and 
update  the  disk,  finally  dumping 
the  edited  article  from  the  disk 
directly  into  our  typesetting 
system.  That  will  speed  things 
up  for  us  substantially. 

We  Ye  also  looking  for  articles 
which  may  help  encourage 
schools  to  set  up  ham  clubs.  I 
feel    that    the    future   of   both 


amateur   radio  and   the  tech* 
nology  of  our  country  depends 

on  this  development. 

Photos  are  most  helpful  In 
making  the  article  interesting 
for  the  readers.  If  you  have  built 
a  gadget  and  are  not  equipped 
with  a  first-rate  camerat  please 
send  in  the  unit  so  that  we  can 
shoot  it.  We  have  a  Mamiya 
RB-67  and  can  do  a  professional 
job.  No  more  fuzzy  Polaroids, 
okay?  It  takes  a  large-format 
camera  and  good  lighting  to 
turn  out  a  good  photo. 

One  more  thing:  Don't  ever, 
ever  send  your  article  to  two 
magazines  at  the  same  time. 

THE  PHONE 

My  apologies  to  readers 
wanting  to  get  through  to  me  on 
the  phone.  What  with  trying  to 
manage  six  monthly  publica- 
tions, nine  separate  divisions  of 
the  company,  do  consulting,  get 
to  shows,  give  talks^  keep  up 
with  the  literature  In  two  fields, 
and  even  ham  a  bit^  my  time 
even  for  telephone  calls  is  very 
limited.  This  means  it  is  getting 
more  and  more  difficult  to  break 
through  to  me.  But  if  I  don't  do 
that^  I  won't  keep  all  these 
things  growing, .  .or  be  able  to 
write  all  these  editorials  (/lo 
smart  remarks}. 

In  general,  if  my  calMdarper- 
mits,  rm  available  for  talks  to 
groups  at  $t,000  plus  expenses 
for  Sherry  and  me.  Consulting 
runs  about  $500  a  day  plus  ex- 
penses for  the  two  of  us, 
whether  it  Is  worth  it  or  not.  The 
same  goes  for  the  talks.  The 
steep  prices  make  it  so  that  I 
have  more  time  to  do  my  work 
,,. though  I've  had  no  com- 
plaints as  yet. 


CORRECTIONS 


In  the  review  of  the  CES  835 
Microdialer  (May,  1982,  p.  138), 
we  stated  an  incorrect  price.  The 
correct  price  for  this  micro- 
phone is  $99.95. 

Jeff  DeTray  WB8BTH 
73  Magazine  Staff 

in  the  April  issue,  page  tO.  the 
article  "Watching  the  Weather" 
will  undoubtedly  interest  many 
hams  having  the  old  deskfax  in 
their  parts  closet. 

There  Is,  however,  one  portion 
of  the  layout  which  in  my  opin- 


ion can  be  simplified  and  possi- 
bly be  made  less  expensive.  This 
involves  the  need  to  reduce  the 
drum  rpm  from  180  to  120  which, 
in  the  article,  requires  a  40-Hz 
voltage  amplifier.  The  same  rpm 
requirement  can  be  met  by  leav- 
ing the  motor  as  a  straight 
120-voltp  60-cycle  unit  and 
changing  the  output  gearing. 

Standard  gear  catalog  list- 
ings do  not  show  a  t.Q-inch-cen' 
ter  distance  with  the  required  30 
to  1  ratio.  I  guess  nothing  in  our 
hobby  comes  easy,  and  a  little 


work  is  required.  There  is,  how- 
ever, a  gear  set  which  comes 
close  to  the  1.0-inch-center  dis- 
tance spacing  and  the  exact  ra- 
tio. 
The  data  are  as  follows: 

•  Worm  Gear— 32  diametral 
pitch,  face  width  7/32,  bore:  .25 
diameter,  hub  diameter  11/16, 
projection  5^16,  60  teeth,  1.875 
PD;  catalog  #0-1132,  item  code 
13514. 

•  Worm— 32  diametral  pilch 
(double  thread).  PD  .438,  bore 
3/16;  LTHB  Item  code  12922. 

•  Source— local  industrial  dis- 
tributof  handling  Boston  Gears. 
The  manufacturer  is  Boston 
Gear  Division,  14  Hayward  St-. 
Quincy  MA  02171,  (617^32S-3300. 

Since  the  canter  distance  will 


now  be  1.156  inches  with  the 
new  gears  instead  of  the  origi- 
nal 1.0  Inch,  it  becomes  an  easy 
job  with  the  help  of  a  drill  motor 
and  a  half-round  file  to  lower  the 
motor  5/32  of  an  inch.  The  worm 
will  fit  as  is,  but  a  new  pin  hole 
may  have  to  be  drilled.  The  worm 
gear  must  be  reworked  from  a 
.250-diameter  center  hole  to  a 
.500  diameter.  Once  installed, 
the  standard  input  of  120  volts 
at  60  Hz  will  drive  the  drum  at 
120  rpm. 

This  will  eliminate  the  80-kHz 
oscillator,  the  divider  chain,  the 
40-Watt  amplifier,  and,  of 
course,  the  autotransformer, 

John  Wafzke  KBOXl 
^10  Shore  Drive 
Pigeon  Ml  48755 

73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     121 


FUN! 


10)  How  much  money  have  you  spent  on  amateur  radfo  wrthin  the 

past  year?  (include  QSL  expenses,  magazine  subscriptions,  club 

dues,  and  other  incidental  expenditures.) 

A)  $0-S260— 39%     B)  $25VSS00— 30%     C)  $501 -$1,000—24% 
D)  $l,00t-$2,500— 4%     E)  $2,501  and  up— 3% 

A  continued  downward  trend. 


John  Edwards  K12U 
78-56  mth  Street 

GfendaleNY1f385 

THE  POSTMAN  RETURNS 

From  Guam  to  Austria,  Alaska  to  Florida,  hams  from  all  over  the 
globe  responded  to  the  1982  edition  of  the  annual  Funl  poH.  The 
results,  as  always,  were  fascinating,  and  I  wish  to  thank  everyone 
who  participated.  I  also  want  to  Ihank  my  postman,  who  once  again 
risked  his  back  delivering  all  those  envelopes. 

Frankly,  what  always  astounds  me  about  this  poll  is  not  only  the 
number  of  people  who  take  the  time  to  fill  out  a  rather  lengthy  ques* 
tlonnalre,  but  also  the  number  who  write  very  long  and  generally 
thoughtful  letters.  Amateur  radio  will  always  be  a  vital  hobby  as  long 
as  there  are  people  around  who  care  about  its  future. 

So  thanks  once  again  to  the  1,016  of  you  who  wrote  in.  Here's 
what  you  had  to  say. 


ELEMENT  1— BACKGROUND 

1)  Sex: 

A)  Male— 91%     B)  Female— 9% 
A  three  percent  increase  in  the  number  of  female  amateurs  over  iast 
year.  An  encouraging  trend,  but  not  conclusive  enough  to  indicate  a 
reai  trend, 

2)  Age: 

A)  15    or    below— 5%     B)  16-21—6%     C)  22-39—49% 
D)  40*59—27%     E)  60  and  above— 13% 
Not  very  encouraging  for  our  hobby's  future. 

3)  License  class: 

A)  Novice— eVij     B)  Technician  — 10%     C)  General— 30% 

D)  Advanced— 40%     E)  Extra— 14% 
Compared  to  last  year,  seems  (ike  there's  been  an  upswing  in 
upgrading. 

4)  Number  of  years  licensed: 

A)  1  year  or  less— 4%     B)  1-5  years- 33Vi»     C)  6-10  years— 
8%     D)  11*20  years— 29%     E)  21  years  and  up— 26% 
The  o  id- timers  reign. 

5)  Do  you  have  a  new  (post-March  78)  call? 
A)  Yes— 45%     B)  No -55% 

The  new  caffs  have  an  8%  increase  over  fast  yean 

6)  How  many  hours  a  week  do  you  devote  to  amateur  radio? 

A)  0-1  hour— 5%     B)  2-5  hours— 29%     C)  6^10  hours— 44% 
0)  11*20  hours— 16%     E)  21  or  more  hours^67o 
About  the  same  statistics  as  fast  year. 

7}    Which  HF  band  do  you  most  use? 

A)  80-75  meters— 15%     B)  40  meters— 20%     C)  20  meters— 
21%     D)  15  and/or  10  meters— 35%     E)  Don^t  operate  HF— 9% 

As  the  sunspots  diminish,  so  does  15-  and  10-meter  operation — 

down  from  43%  fast  year. 

8)  Which  VHF-UHF  band  do  you  most  use? 

A)  6   meters— 3%     B)  2   meters— 71%     C)  220    MHz-^6% 

D)  420  M Hz  and/or  up—1%     E)  Don't  operate  VHF-UHF— 19% 
Spread  out,  guys! 

9)  Which  mode  do  you  most  use? 

A)  SSB— 41%     8)  CW— 20%     C)  FM— 30%     D)  RTTY— 5% 

E)  Other— 4% 

//  CW  is  so  great,  why  does  its  popularity  keep  dropping? 


ELEMENT  2— SOCIAL  CHARACTER iSTtCS 

11)  Has  amateur  radio  influenced  your  career  choice? 

A)  Greatly— 25%     B)  Somewhat— 26%     C)  Not  at  ail— 49% 
Quite  an  impressive  statistic,  reatfy. 

12)  Do  you  answer  QSLs  with  no  return  postage? 
A)  Yes— 76%      8}  No— 24% 

The  fact  that  the  word  "Novice"  was  etimfnated  from  this  question, 
plus  two  postage  incfeases,  might  account  for  the  20%  positive 
response  drop. 

13)  Politically,  how  would  you  define  yourself? 

A)  Conservative— 40%     B)  Middle-of-the-road- 51%    C)  Lib- 
eral—9% 
I've  always  fett  hams  were  a  pretty  conservative  tot,  and  it  looks  like 
my  suspicions  were  correct.  Being  a  C  person,  i  feel  pretty  lonely. 

14)  Do  you  think  amateur  radio  wtll  exist  2D  years  from  now? 
A)  Yes -87%     B)  No- 13% 

Hams  are  a  pretty  optimistic  lot, 

15)  Have  you  ever  had  a  fight  with  a  famiiy  member  over  amateur 
radio? 

A)  Yes— 71%     B)  No— 29% 
Wow!  I  want  the  first  aid  concession  at  the  next  hamfest. 

16}  Do  you  have  any  relatives  who  are  hams? 
A)  Yes— 49%     B)  No— 51% 

17)  Are  most  of  your  friends  (more  than  half)  hams? 
A)  Yes— 40%     B)  No— 60% 

Taices  one  to  know  one^almost, 

18)  Did  you  ever  use  a  "cheat  book"  (not  counting  the  ARRL  License 
fiAanuaf)  to  upgrade  your  tjcense? 

A)  Yes— 16%     B)  No— 84% 
No  comment. 

19)  if  someone  offered  you  five  million  dollars,  tax-f ree.  on  the  con-* 
dition  that  you  give  up  amateur  radio  forever,  would  you? 

A)  Yes— 81%     B)  No— 19% 
We  raised  the  ante  by  four  mfiiion  over  fast  year  and  got  20%  more 
takers.  As  for  the  other  19%,  t  still  say  every  man  has  his  price-  How 
about  10  million? 

XI  Do  you  belong  to  a  local  ham  radio  club? 
A)  Yes— 457o     B)  No— 55% 

Not  good  enough. 

21)  Have  you  ever  attended  a  ham  flea  market? 
A)  Yes— 79%     B)  No— 21% 

tf  you  havenX  you  don't  know  what  you*re  missing. 

22)  Have  you  ever  attended  the  Dayton  Hamvention? 
A)  Yes— 24%     B)  No- 76% 

/  haven't  made  it  since  1978,  but  it  was  a  gas! 

23)  Would  you  pay  five  dollars  to  join  the  ARRL  If  they  of- 
fered no  magazine,  QSL  services,  awards,  or  technical  and 
instructional  help? 

A)  Yes— 22%     B)  No— 78% 
Guess  it  must  be  that  great  magazine  that  makes  the  League,  f,  for 
one,  love  to  regale  my  friends  on  15  with  the  latent  activity  reports. 

24)  Would  you  like  to  see  another  national  organization  compete 
with  the  ARRL? 

A)  Yes— 22%     8)  No— 78% 
Hoo  boy!  Did  I  raise  a  hornet's  nest  Hith  this  one.  One  respondent 
even  went  so  fares  to  caff  me  a  rabbfe-rouser.  I  take  no  stand  on  this 
question,  but  fudging  from  the  results,  I  certainty  wouldn't  invest  my 
money  in  the  stock  of  a  competitor 


122     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


ELEMENT  3— OPERATING  HABITS 

25)  Would  you  favor  a  licensing  system  that  had  only  two  classes: 
NJovfce  and  General  or  Communicator  and  General? 

A)  Yes— 58%     B)  No— 42% 
So  much  for  incentive  ticensing. 

IB)  Would  you  like  to  see  the  FCC  turn  over  amateur  testing  respon- 
aibility  to  clubs? 

A)  Yes— 61%     B)  No— 39% 
Wany  of  those  who  were  against  were  afraid  of  abuses, 

17)  Do  you  think  reJJgjous  and  polltically'Oriented  nets  have  a  place 
n  ham  radio? 

A)  Yes— 79%     B)  No— 21% 
■iey,  you  guys  who  picked  B.  Haven't  you  ever  heard  of  free  speech? 

28)  Should  contests  be  outfawed? 

A)  Yes— 31%     B)  No— 69% 
^motions  ran  hot  and  heavy  on  this  one. 

?9)  Do  you  think  the  FCC  should  assign  excfusive  frequencies  and 
imes  to  nets? 

A)  Yes— 7%     B)  No— 93% 
Vof  a  very  attractive  proposition. 

\0)  Do  you  think  the  FCC  should  assign  exclusive  frequencies  to 
epeaters? 

A)  Yes— 20%     8)  No— 80% 
don't  tike  the  idea,  either. 

H)  Should  there  be  a  no-code,  VHP  and  above,  "Digital  class  ' 
jcense?  This  license  would  require  a  heavy  theory  test  and  carry  no 
)hone  or  CW  privileges  (except  perhaps  for  ID  purposes). 

A)  Yes— 34%     B)  No— 66% 
can 7  figure  it:  Some  tetters  were  downright  hostife  to  the  inffux  of 
:omputer  users  on  the  bands,  as  if  they  were  taking  over  the  hobby. 
Aany  responder}ts  seemed  to  welcome  the  digital  ticket  idea,  but 
wt  enough  to  make  a  majority. 

52)  Should  there  be  a  no*code  220-MHz,  "Communicator  class" 
icense?This  license  would  require  a  moderately  difficult  theory  test 
ind  carry  only  F3  privileges  at  a  maximum  of  60  Watts. 

A)  Yes— 41%     B)  No— 59% 
\  hard  core  of  respondents  seemed  to  be  against  dropping  the  code 
est  for  any  type  of  license. 

\3)  Do  you  own  a  microcomputer? 

A)  Yes— 39%     B)  No— 61% 
can't  see  how  a  technicalty-inctined  person  can  be  without  one. 

A)  What  sort  of  CW  sending  device  do  you  most  often  use? 

A)  Straight  key  — 56%     B)  Keyer— 25%     C)  Bug  — 4% 
D}  Keyboard— 6%     E)  Never  operate  CW— 9% 
.ast  year,  t  accidentally  feff  out  bugs  and  received  scores  of  tetters 
*sking  why.  This  year,  t  insert  the  classification  and  find  out  only  4% 
fse  them.  Can't  win. 

-5)  if  required,  could  you  solidly  copy  CW  at  the  speed  at  which  you 
ifere  licensed? 

A)  Yes— 75%     8)  No— 25% 
Compared  with  tast  year,  our  skiits  are  diminishing. 

16}  Have  you  ever  purposely  operated  in  an  amateur  subband  you 
veren't  Hcensed  to  use? 

A)  Yes— 11%     B)  No-89% 
\bout  the  same  as  fast  year, 

17)  Do  you  think  the  FCC  affects  amateur  radio  in  a  positive 
nanner? 

A)  Yes— 48%     B)  No— 52% 
\  tittle  more  positive  than  last  year. 

'S)  Do  you  ever  speak  to  foreign,  non*English*speaking  hams  in 
heir  own  language? 

A)  Always- 3%     B)  Sometimes— 15%     C)  I  attempt  it— 25% 

D>  Rarelr— 6%     E)  Never— 51% 
•/o  substantial  change  over  last  year, 

B)  Do  you  leei  yourself  competent  to  replace  the  finals  in  a  tube- 
ype  rig? 

A)  Yes— 91%     B)  No— 9% 
^oes  anyone  stiit  own  a  tutye  rig?  Only  kidding! 


40)  Do  you  feei  yourself  competent  to  replace  the  finals  in  a 
transistor-type  rig? 

A)  Yes— 80%     B)  No— 20% 
A  soldering  iron?  t  thought  it  was  an  electric  cigar! 

41)  Have  you  ever  built  an  electronic  project  from  a  kit? 
A)  Yes— 98%     B)  No— 2% 

A  ham  isn't  a  ham  unless  he*s  unpacked  at!  of  those  little  brown  bags 
before  opening  the  instruction  booklet 

42)  Have  you  ever  "home-brewed*"  an  efectronlc  project  from  a  book 
Of  magazine? 

A)  Yes— 75%     B)  No--25% 
A  bit  down  from  fast  year.  For  shame  on  those  who  haven't, 

43)  Have  you  ever  designed  your  own  electronic  project? 
A)  Yes— 61%     B)  No— 39% 

Hasn't  everyone? 

44)  What  do  you  think  oi  contesting? 

A)  Great  — 15%     B)  Good— 20%     C)  Okay— 17%     D)  Don't 
like  it— 29%     E)  Despise  it— 19% 
You're  59  New  York. 

46)  What  do  you  think  of  DXing? 

A)  Great— 40%     B)  Good— 31%     C)  Okay— 19%     D)  Don*t 

like  it— 5%     E)  Despise  it— 5% 
QSL  via  the  bureau. 

46)  What  do  you  think  of  repeaters? 

A)  Great— 35%      B)  Good— 30%     C)  Okay— 22%     0)  Don't 
tike  them— 8%     E)  Despise  them— 5% 
Wait  for  the  beep. 

47)  What  do  you  think  of  traffic  handling? 

A)  Great— 10%     B)  Good— 35%     C)  Okay— 40%     D)  Don't 
like  it— 14%     E)  Despise  it— 1% 

48)  Do  you  pian  to  use  Phase  111  OSCAR  within  a  year  of  its  launch? 
A)  Yes— 28%      B)  No— 72% 

Looks  tike  that  passband  is  going  to  get  pretty  crowded. 

49)  Do  you  plan  to  use  the  new  10.1-MHz  band  within  one  year  of  its 
opening? 

A)  Yes -40%     B)  No— 60% 
That  should  be  around  Jan.  T,  2065,  at  the  rate  the  U.S.  Senate  is 
moving. 

50)  Do  you  believe  amateurs  should  have  the  right  to  build,  use^  and 
sell  equipment  for  the  reception  of  subscription  television? 

A)  Yes— 24%     B)  No— 76% 
/  should  have  left  "se//"  out  of  the  question.  Seems  many  amateurs 
think  they  should  be  able  to  pirate  signals  for  their  own  use,  but  not 
for  others. 


SELECTED  COMMENTS 

Too  many  private  repeaters  tying  up  amateur  frequencies.  Some 
systems  have  only  three  people  on  them. — KB6B0, 

Morse  code  should  be  outlawed  as  a  requirement,  although  I  love 
it— K6XR. 

Amateur  radio  needs  quality,  not  quantity.  We  should  strive  to  keep 

the  standards  high. — WB5ZDP. 

We  will  keyboard  and  computerize  ourselves  away  from  the  human 
fashion  of  ftam/nrrjg.- W4YDL 

Let's  have  more  pofis— these  are  FUN!! — KF4W. 

/  think  the  Communicator  class  is  a  very  good  idea.  I  am  partially 
deaf^  Code  fS  very  hard  forme.  This  may  give  deaf  people  a  chance  to 
communicate  by  RTTY, — KA7CYE 

After  21  years  of  hamming,  I  earned  my  Extra  class  license  and  not  a 
word  of  congratutations  from  the  ARRL  or  any  manufacturer  of  ham 
gear,— KD1J, 

This  has  been  the  only  column  you've  put  in  print  that  I  knew  aft  the 
answers  lo*— N7AVM. 

73  Magazine  •  July,  1982    123 


CONTEST 


Robert  Baker  WB2GFE 
15  Windsor  Dr. 
A  too  NJ  08004 


CANADA  CONTEST 

Starts:  0000  GMT  July  1 
Ends:  2400  GMT  July  1 

Sponsored  by  the  Canadian 
Amateur  Radio  Federation 
(CARF),  ttie  contest  is  open  lo 
ali  amateurs,  and  everybody 
works  everybody.  Entry  classes 
include  single  operator/all 
bands,  single  operator/single 
band,  and  multi-operator/single 
transmitter/all  bands.  There  are 
separate  smgle-operator  QRP  (5 
W  dc,  10  W  PEP  out)  and  single- 
operator  non-Advanced  ama- 
teur classes. 

Use  an  bands  from  160  to  2 
meters  on  CW  and  phone  com- 
bined. All  contacts  with  amateur 
stations  are  valid.  Stations  may 
t>e  worked  twice  on  each  band, 
once  on  CW  and  once  on  phone. 
No  crossmode  contacts,  and  no 
CW  contacts  in  the  phone  bands 
are  allowed. 

EXCHANGE: 

Signal  report  and  consecutive 
seriaf  number  starting  with  001; 
VEt  stations  should  also  send 
their   province  (NS,   NB,    PEI>. 


SCORING: 

Score  10  points  for  each  con- 
tact with  Canada,  1  point  for 
contacts  with  others.  VEO 
counts  as  Canada.  Score  10 
points  for  each  contact  with  any 
GARF  official  news  station 
using  the  suffix  TCA  or  VGA, 
MulUptters  are  the  number  of 
Canadian  provinces/territories 
worked  on  each  band,  on  each 
mode  (12  provinces/territories 
X  8  bands  x  2  modes  for  a 
maximum  of  192  possible  mul- 
tipliers). Contacts  with  stations 
outside  Canada  count  for  points 
but  not  multipliers. 

FREQUENCIES: 

Phone— 18tO,  3770,  3900, 
7070.  7230,  14150,  14300,  21200, 
21400,28500,50.1,  146,52. 

CW— 1810.  3525.  7025.  14025. 
21025.28025.50,1,144,1 

Suggest  phone  on  the  even 
hours  (GMT),  CW  on  the  odd 
liours  (QMT),  Since  this  is  a 
Canadian-sponsored  contest, 
remember  to  stay  within  the 
legal  frequencies  for  your 
country] 


CALEHOAR 


Jull 

JullO-11 
Jul  17-18 
Jul  17  18 
Jul  24-26 
Aug  7-8 
Aug  14>15 
Aug  14-16 
Aug  21-22 
Aug  2V22 
Aug  26  29 
Sep  11-12 
Sep  11-12 
Sep  11-12 
S#fi  16-20 
Oct  2-3 
Oct  16-17 
Oct  16-17 
Nov6>7 
Hov  13-14 
Nov  20-21 
Dec  4-5 
Dec  11-12 
Dec  19 


CARF  Canada  Oay  Contest 

lARU  Radlosport 

international  QRP  Contest 

AS  Magazine  Worldwide  SSTV  DX  Contest 

CW  County  Hunters  Contest 

ARRLUHF  Contest 

European  DX  Contest— CW 

New  Jersey  QSO  Party 

SARTG  Worldwide  RTTY  Contest 

45  Magazine  FSTV  UHF  Contest 

Occupation  Contest 

ARRL  VHP  QSO  Parly 

European  DX  Contest— Phone 

Cray  Valley  RS  SWL  Contest 

Washington  State  QSO  Party 

California  QSO  Party 

ARCI  QRP  CW  QSO  Party 

Pennsylvania  QSO  Party 

ARRL  Sweepstakes— CW 

European  DX  Contest— RTTY 

ARRL  Sweepstakes — Phone 

ARRL  160- Meter  Contest 

ARRL  lO^Meter  Contest 

CARF  Canada  Contest 


AWARDS: 

A  plaque  will  be  awarded  to 
the  highest  score  single  oper- 
ator/all bands  entry.  Certificates 
will  be  awarded  to  the  highest 
score  in  eacft  categoty  In  each 
provmce/territory,  US  call  area, 
and  DX  country. 

ENTRiES: 

A  valid  entry  must  contain  log 
sheets,  dupe  sheets,  a  cover 
sheet  showing  claimed  QSO 
points,  a  list  of  muttiplierSp  and  a 
calculation  of  final  claimed 
score.  Cover  sheets  and  multi- 
plier check  tists  are  avaifabte. 
Entries  should  be  maifed  within 
one  month  of  the  contest,  with 
your  comments,  to:  CARF.  PC 
Box  2172.  Stn.  D,  Ottawa,  On- 
tario KIP  5W4,  Canada, 

Results  will  be  published  In 
7CA,  the  Canadian  amateur 
magazine.  Non-subscribers  may 
include  an  BASE  for  a  copy  of 
the  results. 


INTERNATIONAL 
QRP  CONTEST 

Starts;  1500  GMT  July  17 
Ends:  1&00  GMT  July  18 

The  first  International  QRP 
Contest  is  being  sponsored  by 
the  World  QRP  Federation 
(WQF>  and  olfers  a  variety  of 
awards  for  ieading  stations. 
This  is  a  CW-only  event  with 
separate  categories  for  slngfe- 
or  multi-operator  stations,  and 
for  those  operating  fixed  or  por- 
table. Multi-operator  stations 
may  be  on  the  air  for  the  entire 
24*hour  contest  period,  while 
single  operator  entries  must  be 
off  the  air  for  at  least  an  eight- 
hour  period.  All  stations  may  he 
worked  once  per  band  for  QSO 
and  multiplier  credits. 

EXCHANGES: 

RST,  QSO  serial  number,  and 
class  (599  001/20).  Add  X  after 
RST  If  crystal-controlled  (559X 
001 /2D). 

FREQUENCIES: 

The  traditional  QRP  frequen- 
cies will  be  utilized:  1810,  3560, 
14060,  21060,  and  28060,  all  plus 
or  minus  QRM. 

OPERATtNG  CLASSES: 

1  =  singie  operator,  2  =  mul- 
ti-operator, A  =  fixed  station  up 
to  2  Watts  input  or  1  Wall  out- 
put, B  =  fixed  station  up  to  10 
Watts  input  or  5  Watts  output, 
C  -  portable  station  up  to  2 
Watts  input  or  1  Watt  output, 
D  =  portable  station  up  to  10 


Watts  input  or  5  Watts  output, 
and  E  =  ORO  stations  of  more 
than  10  Waits  input  or  5  Watts 
output 

SCORiNG: 

Count  1  point  for  QRP  to  ORO 
contacts,  2  points  for  QRP  to 

QRP.  For  multipliers,  count  1  if 
both  stations  are  in  the  same 
country,  2  if  the  other  station  is 
in  another  country  on  the  same 
continent,  3  if  the  other  station 
is  in  another  country  and  on 
another  continent.  For  scoring 
purposes,  all  call  areas  within  a 
country  are  counted  as  multi- 
pliers (e.g.,  10  for  W/K,  8  for  VE. 
10  for  PY,  etc.).  For  crystal  sta- 
tions with  a  maximum  of  three 
crystals  per  band,  QSO  and  mul- 
tiplier points  are  doubled.  Con- 
tacts with  crystal  controlled  sta- 
tions count  double.  Band  points 
are  the  QSO  points  per  band 
times  the  multiplier  points  per 
band.  Final  score  is  the  sum  of 
band  points  from  each  band. 

A  WA  RDS: 

DbAGCW  will  provide  awards 
for  fixed  station  leaders  and 
band  leaders.  QRP  ARCI  will 
provide  plaques  to  the  first 
place  single-  and  mutti-operator 
portable  stations  worldwide 
plus  certificates  for  the  multi- 
ple- and  single-operator  porta- 
ble station  in  each  country  with 
two  or  more  entries. 

ENTRfES: 

Send  logs  within  six  weeks  of 
conclusion  of  the  contest  as 
follows;  fixed  stations  to  Sieg- 
fried Hari  DK9FN,  Spessart- 
strasse  80,  D-6463  Sellgenstadt, 
West  Germany;  portable  sta- 
tions to  Wiliiam  W,  Dickerson 
WA2J0C,  352  Crampton  Drive. 
Monroe  Ml  48161,  USA. 


INTERNATIONAL  WORLDWIDE 
DX  SSTV  CONTEST 

Starts:  0000  GMT  July  17 
Ends:  2400  GMT  July  18 

This  is  the  second  annual  DX 
SSTV  contest  sponsored  by  A5 
ATV  Magazine.  This  is  a  4a'hour 
SSTV  video  contest  using  80 
through  10  meters  within  the 
recommended  SSTV  calling/ 
operating  frequencies  fisted 
below.  To  encourage  use  of  all 
bands,  extra  fcx>nus  points  are 
granted  on  the  10-,  15-,  40-, 
and  80-meter  band  segments. 
Single-  and  multi-operator  sta- 
tions  are  recognized  with  cross- 
band  contacts  not  permitted. 
Individual  contacts  count  only 


124     73MagBzine  •  JulyJ982 


once  per  band  with  repetitive 
muiti-band  contacts  acceptabie. 

CaiJslgns  and  vidao  reports 
must  be  in  'Video'*  form.  Mug- 
shots  of  the  station  operator, 
family,  or  ff fends  can  count  on(y 
once.  Slower  clocl<-rate  speeds 
are  encouraged  in  either  128/ 
16.5-second  or  256/31  ^second 
timebases.  Color  work  must 
contain  a  minimum  of  2-color 
overlay  to  quatify  with  standard 
RG8  frame  transmissions.  Mo- 
tion SSTV  must  have  a  minimum 
of  2  frames  sent  with  automatic- 
receive  switching  circuitry  or 
manually  operated  switching  by 
the  receiving  operator,  and 
64  X  64  "quadrant"  storage  of 
no  less  than  4  separate  pictures 
with  repiays. 

SCORING: 

Each  SSTV  two-way  contact 
is  worth  5  points  within  the 
same  country  and  10  points  for 
DX  out-of-country.  Contact 
bonus  points  are  avaltable  as 
follows:  mogshots— 1  point, 
slow  speed— 2  points,  quad 
frame— 3  points,  motion 
SSTV— 4  points,  high  resolu^ 
tion— 5  points,  and  color  SSTV— 
10  points. 

A  band  multiplier  of  3  can  be 
claimed  for  contacts  on  40  and 
30  meters,  and  2  for  contacts  on 
10  and  15  meters.  Stations  with 
3ver  25  DX  countries  worked— 
add  25  points,  50  DX  countries- 
add  50  points,  and  over  100  DX 
countries- add  100  points! 

fREQUENaES: 

Advanced/Extra— 3845,  7220, 
14230,  21340,  28680,  50.150. 

General— 3990,  7290,  14340, 
21440,28680,50.150, 

AWARDS: 

First*place  winner  receives 
3'year  subscription  (worth  $60) 
to  A5  ATV  Magazine  with  ffoni- 
cover  picture  plus  a  Gold  Cerlif  i- 
cate.  Second-  and  third-place 
wf oners  receive  one-year  sub^ 
scriptions  and  Gold  Certifi- 
cates. All  entries  regardless  of 
score  receive  Gold  Certificates 
suitable  for  framing.  Results  will 
be  in  the  November  issue  of  A5 
A  TV  Magazine. 

ENTRIES: 

Submission  of  logs  and  to- 
taled scores  must  be  post- 
marked no  later  than  August  1st 
and  submitted  to:  Contest 
Manager.  A5  A  TV  Magazine,  PO 
Box  H.  Lowden  lA  52255-0408. 
Logs  will  be  returned  as  will  any 
photos,  etc.  Some  log  sheets 


' 

RESULTS 

1961  PENNSYLVANIA  QSO  PARTY 

^OSOs  «nd  Score) 

Top  S<&ven  — FAStem  FA 

Oul  o1  Slate » Top  ^ 

r«fi 

KB3NQ 

369 

35,424 

Wfl3DJF                     74a 

97^16 

AE3Y 

31 1 

2X072 

KA3DXR 

247 

22.244 

K30KW                          543 

/y.40i 

VE3BR 

234 

1B,467 

W3YA 

102 

6,075 

AA3B                             570 

77.166 

K2POF 

166 

11.500 

Ctr.Co.  EOC  A'yBSAELWBaDVH.WNSVAW)       | 

KC5N                         'm 

76.32a 

W2tM0 

171 

11,39a 

^ 

eit 

K3NB                             S39 

72,200 

K9G0F 

170 

I0.a5l 

N3AMK                         563 

70,J37 

K1BV 

156 

8.677 

MobSes 

A 130                              491 

57.GB4 

W1DWA                        128 

7,943 

WASONT^m 

sm 

24.157 

W2EZ 

110 

7.755 

(from  9  counttest 

To|>S«ven— Western  PA 

N2CIW 

H2 

7384 

K3BS/m 

327 

19,293 

A08J/3                         502 

fi?B?a 

N4FAI 

110 

6.750 

tlrtKti  18  COunti&st      | 

N3eeH/3                       5f« 

51  ^16 

N2fiLTfm 

104 

4.368 

KA38FX                        ^e 

45,177 

Multl'Opvfatoc 

{frocn  6  ccHintiie^li 

KA3FMH                       ,TR? 

42,a64 

K371IF 

1384 

194.3)7 

Ctieck  tog: 

WB3irr/3                     396 

40.7fifi 

Ka3S 

526 

73.59(3 

W3HDH^m 

43:^ 

39  84§ 

AG3H                            250 

:w.5O0 

k:icr 

583 

707SO 

Clfom  15  count^as)-      | 

N3BIAV                         390 

37A16 

AG3ft 

417 

Cfubt 

52,761 

CHibs 

Location 

Scofv 

Eiilrieft 

TofiScorar 

Penn  Wireiefts  As^ocJatiOfi 

Bucks  County 

-125,570 

16 

WB3EWF 

Erie  Amateur  Raciio  AssociatiOfr 

Ef<e 

296,651 

^ 

KA3BFX 

Nittariy  Amateui'  Radio  Ciu& 

Stale  Courage 

264.723 

13 

N3BaH 

Oelawam-Lefi^gh  Amaimjr  Radio  Qubc 

North ampton  Q0. 

217,510 

& 

K3ZUF 

Haz\B\Qn  Amaieur  Radio  Cltjb 

H^elton 

161,728 

11 

AI30 

Penn  Stale  Urnv^rsity  ftadio  Qyb 

IJniv«rBtt¥  Pmk 

95,509 

3 

IQCR 

Franklord  Radm  Club 

Ptiira<Jeiph»a 

74.181 

2 

Mon  Valte^  Amateur  Rad^io  Assocratiui 

Washington  Co. 

73.5^ 

2 

— 

Murgas  Amateur  Radio  Club 

Luzerne  County 

^.399 

e 

WB3FYT 

Cartx>n  ARCs 

Carbon  County 

61.739 

4 

wa%i7F 

Poinl  Radio  Opefaling  Society  (PROS) 

Allegheny  Co. 

36-231 

2 

■ — ■ 

Ha^'MSburg  Amateur  Radio  Qlut 

Harrisburo 

3,'),??6 

4 

W3ADe 

Reading;  Amateur  Radio  Club 

Bertes  County 

33,198 

3 

WA3JXW 

Tioga  County  Amateur  RadFO  CI  lib 

Tioga  County 

26.929 

2 

— 

Mobile  Sixer& 

Chester  County 

S3S^ 

2 

'^ 

and  DX  country  lists  are  avail- 
able from  WB0QCD. 


CW  COUNTY 
HUNTERS  CONTEST 

Starts;  0000  GMT  July  24 
Ends:  0200  GMT  July  26 

The  CW  County  Hunters  Net 
Invites  all  amateurs  to  par- 
ticipate in  tills  year's  contest. 
AM  mobile  and  portable  opera- 
tion in  less-active  counties  is 
welcomed  and  encouraged.  Sta- 
tions may  be  worked  once  on 
eachi  bandf  and  again  if  tlie 
station  has  changed  counties. 
PortabJe  or  mobile  stations 
changing  counties  during  the 
contest  may  repeat  contacts  for 
QSO  points. 

EXCHANGE: 

QSO  number;  category  (P  for 
portable,  M  tor  mobife).-  RST; 
state,  province,  or  country;  an<ji 
US  county.  Stations  on  county 
lines  give  and  receive  only  one 
QSO  number,  but  each  county  is 
valid  for  a  multiplier. 

FREQUENCIES: 

Frequencies  are  3575,  7055, 

14070.  2107a  and  28070.  It  is 
strongly  requested  that  only  P or 
M  category  stations  calf  CQ  or 


QRZ  on  40  meters  below  7055 
and  on  20  meters  below  14070, 
with  all  other  stations  spreading 
out  above  those  frequencies- 

SCORfNG: 

QSOs  with  fixed  stations  are 
1  point,  QSOs  with  portable  or 
mobile  stations  are  3  points. 
Mufti  ply  the  number  of  QSO 
points  limes  the  number  of  US 
counties  worked.  Mobiles  and 
portables  calculate  their  score 
on  the  basis  of  total  contacts 
within  a  state  for  the  state  cer- 
tificate, and  calculate  their 
score  on  all  operation  if  they 
operated  from  more  than  one 


state  in  competition  for  the  High 
Portable  or  High  Mobile  Trophy. 

A  WA  RDS: 

Certificates  wilt  be  awarded 
in  three  categories; 

1)  Highest  fixed  or  fixed- 
portable  station  in  each  state^ 
province,  and  country  with  1,000 
or  more  points. 

2)  Highest  station  In  each 
state  operating  portable  from  a 
county  which  is  not  his  normal 
point  of  operation,  with  1,000  or 
more  points. 

3)  Highest  station  in  each 
state  operating  mobile  from  3  or 
more  counties  with  a  minimum 


RESULTS 

RESULTS  OF  45  4 TV  MAGAZtHE 
WORKED  ALL  STATES  SSTV  CONTEST 

(Full  results  appeared  in  the  June  issue  of  A5  ATV  Magazine, 
PO  Box  H,  Lowden  lA  52255-04064 

The  top  5  entries  from  59  entries  received: 

1st— Luis  Chartarifsky  XE1LCH 
2nd— Roland  Soucie  N6WQ 
3rd— Larry  Benaon  K9KQO 
4th— John  Hudak  llf  KA3X 
5th— Harry  Harchan  W2GND 


73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     125 


of  10  QSOs  in  at  least  each  of  3 
counties. 

Trophies  wiij  be  awarded  to 
the  highest  single-operator  sta- 
tion in  the  US  fn  categories  P 
and  M.  The  Awards  Committee 


may  issue  acidttional  awards. 

ENTRfES: 

Logs  must  show  category, 
date/time  in  GMT,  station 
worked,  band,  exchanges,  QSO 


pointSj  locatron,  and  cfaimed 
score.  All  entries  with  100  or 
more  QSOs  must  incfude  a 
check  sheet  of  counties  worked 
or  be  disqualified  from  receiving 
awards.  Enclose  a  large  SASE  if 


results  are  desired.  Logs  must 
be  postmarked  by  September 
1st  and  sent  to:  CW  County 
Hunters  Net,  do  Jeffrey  P. 
Bechner  W9MSE,  673  Bruce 
Street  Fond  du  Lac  Wl  54935. 


Chod  Harris  VP2f\^L 

Box  4881 

Santa  Rosa  CA  95402 

CHINA 

China.  The  very  word  conjures 
up  visions  of  mystery  and  Marco 
Polo.  And  to  DXers  China  means 
Number  1  on  everyone's  Most 
Wanted  List.  The  OX  Bulletin  an- 
nual survey  (the  benchmark  of 
the  Most  Wanted  Lists)  con- 
tinues to  show  China  In  the  top 
spot  again  this  year. 

Over  the  past  few  years,  the 
China  rumors  have  been  flying 
thick  and  fast.  "China  will  be 
opening  soon/'  "Hundreds  of 
China  stations  will  start  operat- 
ing next  week."  And  so  ori.  One 
prominent  New  Zealand  ama- 
teur came  within  inches  of  spur- 
ring China  into  the  amateur 
radio  arena,  but  his  US  citizen- 
ship sabotaged  the  effort. 

The  positive  attitude  of  the 
China  authorities  encourages 
the  rumors  and  rumor-followers. 
Unlike  many  countries  where 
amateur  radio  is  flatly  prohib- 
ited, China  has  been  enthusias- 
tic about  the  future  role  of 
amateur  radio.  It  is  Just  a  matter 
of  time. 

That  time  may  have  finally 
come.  On  March  29,  BY1PK  ap- 


peared on  15  meter  CWj  working 
(of  course)  JAs. 

Tom  Wong  VE7BC  clearly  per- 
forms the  role  of  hero  in  this 
operation.  His  tireless  efforts 
over  the  past  few  years  have  just 
begun  to  provide  fruit.  Tom  has 
been  instrumental  in  funneling 
equipment,  training  materials, 
books,  and  expertise  from  the 
ARRL  and  other  Stateside  or- 
ganizations to  the  appropriate 
authorities  In  China. 

The  BY1PK  operation  repre- 
sents  not  a  one-shot,  contest- 
style  operation,  but  the  re- 
awakening of  amateur  radio  in 
the  most  populated  country  in 
the  world.  Although  China  will 
move  slowly  in  the  amateur 
radio  field,  it  is  moving  in  the 
right  direction,  and  the  next  few 
years  should  see  that  Number  1 
ranking  slip  further  and  further 
down  the  Most  Wanted  survey. 

The  "Other"  China 

The  neophyte  DXer,  un- 
familiar with  the  prefix  BY, 
might  turn  to  the  International 
Prefix  Allocation  List  to  locate 
the  source  of  the  signals.  The 
list  shows  all  the  B  callsigns  as 
belonging  to  China.  The  Call- 


in  addition  to  working  on  his  monthly  DX  column  for  73  Magazine, 
Chod  Harris  VP2ML  leads  a  very  demanding  lite.  Here  he's  shown 
slaving  away  at  his  VP2  QTH. 

126     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


booli  shows  no  China  amateurs. 
Or  does  it? 

Just  before  the  BY  listing  in 
the  Caffbook  Is  the  BV  listing: 
two  amateurs.  If  the  BY  call  sig- 
nifies China,  what  does  the  BV 
signify?  Answer:  The  "other*' 
China — our  former  ally,  Taiwan, 
the  Republic  of  China. 

Not  to  be  confused  with  the 
People's  Republic  of  China, 
Taiwan  is  the  last  refuge  of  the 
anti-Communist  forces  driven 
out  of  mainland  China  after 
World  War  II.  The  Nationalist 
government  of  Taiwan  con- 
siders itself  to  be  the  legitimate 
authority  over  all  of  China, 
hence  the  BV  callsign. 

But  only  two  amateurs  in  a 
country  as  rich  and  weil  popu- 
lated as  Taiwan?  A  small  ama- 
teur population  ^s  more  typicai 
of  a  smaller,  undeveloped  coun- 
try, a  distinction  hardly  appro- 
priate for  industrial  Taiwan.  So 
why  only  two  hams? 

The  question  is  not  why  there 
are  only  two  amateurs  in  Tai- 
wan, but  rather  why  there  are 
any  amateurs  at  ail.  Taiwan  con- 
siders itself  still  at  war  with  the 
mainland  government.  Both 
sides  would  like  the  other  to  go 
away,  to  reunite  the  country 
(shades  of  Korea  and  Vietnam 
here).  And  military  governments 
under  states  of  war  or  emer- 
gency are  notoriously  reluctant 
to  allow  free  use  of  the  ama- 
teur bands. 

One  of  the  very  first  proc- 
lamations under  the  martial  law 
in  Poland  was  the  crackdown  on 
amateur  radio  activities.  Even  In 
the  US,  amateur  radio  activity 
Ceases  during  wartime. 

We  can  understand  why  a 
country  at  war  would  feel  un- 
comfortable about  permitting 
unrestricted  use  of  the  amateur 
bands.  The  independence  of  the 
amateurs  and  the  tremendous 
flexibility  of  amateur  equipment 
are  powerful  communications 
tools  to  those  on  the  outs  with 
the  government. 

The  increasing  use  of  ama- 
teur radio  gear  in  illegal  drug 
shipments  demonstrates  that 
ham  radio  equipment  and  exper- 
tise can  be  a  disturbing  factor  in 
sensitive  political   differences. 


Hence  many  countries  simply 
prohibit  all  amateur  radio  ac- 
tivities; witness  Albania,  for 
example. 

So  we  return  to  our  original 
question:  Why  is  there  any  ama- 
teur radio  activity  at  all  from  a 
divided  country  engaged  in  a 
*'civil  waf"? 

First,  there  is  really  only  one 
amateur  in  Taiwan,  with  two 
callsigns;  Tim  Chen  operates 
BV2A  on  CW  and  BV2B  on  SSB, 
Somehow  a  single  individual 
has  obtained  permission  to 
operate  amateur  radio  in  Tai- 
wan. But  that  permission  is 
probably  the  most  restricted 
amateur  radio  authority  short 
of  a  flat-out  ban.  Tim's  operat- 
ing authority  restricts  him  to 
specified  times  and  frequen- 
cies. Can  you  imagine  your  radio 
license  specifying  the  exact  fre- 
quency and  time  of  operation?  It 
would  certainly  pot  a  crimp  In 
your  DXing. 

Fortunately  for  DXers  through- 
out the  world,  Tim  maintains  his 
activity,  keeps  to  his  schedules, 
and  regularly  provides  QSLs 
from  the  ^'other"  China. 

Look  for  Tim  Wednesdays  be- 
tween 1200  and  16002  on  one  of 
the  following  frequencies: 
14025,  14040,  14218,  or  14250, 
Tim  usually  shows  up  on  CW 
first  and  switches  to  SSB  a  little 
later,  Tim  also  has  operating 
permission  Saturday  from  2300 
to  0200Z.  When  band  conditions 
permit  15-meter  operation,  Tim 
operateson  21030, 21110, 21270, 
and  21350.  And  more  recently 
Tim  has  added  the  lO-meter 
frequency  of  28530  to  the 
possibilities. 

Tim  QSLs  consistentiy  either 
direct  to  Box  101,  Taipei,  Tai- 
wan, Republic  of  China,  or  via 
QSL  manager  K2CM  at  his  Call- 
boo  f(  address. 

If  you  hear  BV2B  on  20  meters 
and  have  trouble  breaking 
through  the  pileup^  perhaps 
your  choice  of  phonetics  could 
use  improvement.  Let's  con* 
tinue  our  discussion  from  last 
month. 

PHONETICS 

Last  month  we  discussed  the 
different  l^inds  of  phonetic  call- 


signs:  standard,  place  names, 
and  '*cute"  phonetics.  Now  we 
look  at  how  you  evaluate  your 
own  choice  of  phonetics  and 
how  yoy  can  select  alternate 
phonetics. 

A  phonetfc  call  should  have 
two  characteristics:  The  call 
must  be  unambiguous,  and  it 
should  punch  through  the 
pHeup,  Removing  ambiguity 
from  a  potential  phonetic  call- 
sign  is  easy:  Pick  easily  recog- 
nized words  which  have  no  com- 
mon homophones  (a  word  that 
sounds  similar,  but  is  spelled 
differently). 

A  couple  of  examples  of  what 
not  to  do  might  illustrate  this:  A 
W5  called  me  using  "'Motel"  as  a 
phonetic.  The  confusion  be- 
tween this  and  ''Hotel"  is  ob- 
vious. And  one  Field  Day,  an 
amateur  called  me  with  the 
phonetic  suffix,  "Fuzzy  Wuzzy 
Wabbftr'  I  was  forced  to  ask  for 
clarification:  *1s  that  R  as  in 
Rabbit  or  W  as  in  Wabbit?"  Back 
came  the  reply,  "Wabbitl  Wab- 
bit,  wabbit,  wabbitT'  Memor- 
able, but  not  very  effective  in  a 
DX  piieup.  Stick  with  less  con- 
fusing phonetics. 

Selecting  a  phonetic  call 
with  punch  Is  more  difficult.  I 
suggest  going  to  a  station 
equipped  with  an  oscilloscope 
monitor  of  the  outgoing  signal. 
Try  different  phonetics  and 
combinations  of  phonetics 
while  watching  the  scope.  Look 
for  those  phonetics  which  give 
the  greatest  average  output,  or 
the  "blockiest"  output  pattern. 
Lacking  a  scope,  try  watching 
the  relative  power  output  meter 
on  your  rig.  Again,  try  to  keep 
the  average  power  as  high  as 
possible. 

The  two  "cute"  phonetics 
mentioned  last  month  fWI No- 
Good  and  WA9BlackWhiteYel' 
low)  are  very  effective  because 
they  share  the  two  most  impor- 
tant  characteristics   of   good 


phonetics:  They  are  unam- 
biguous and  they  really  cut 
through  the  pileups.  Watch  your 
output  meter  while  saying  "No 
Good"  or  "Black  White  Yellow" 
to  see  what  a  good  phonetjc 
does  for  your  average  output. 

Also,  individLfal  amateurs  in 
foreign  countries  might  have  a 
particular  difficulty  with  one  of 
your  choices.  For  one  reason  or 
another,  an  amateur  might  have 
a  block  against  that  particular 
phonetic  and  fait  to  understand 
even  under  good  conditions.  Be 
flexible,  and  don't  be  afraid  to 
shift  to  a  backup  set  of 
phonetics  when  the  first  fails 
after  a  couple  of  tries.  On  the 
other  hand,  wait  until  the  DX  sta- 
tion is  obviously  struggling  with 
the  call  before  you  switch  your 
phonetics.  You  use  phonetics  to 
reduce  ambiguity,  and  throwing 
dozens  of  different  phonetics  at 
the  DX  station  will  more  likely 
confuse  the  poor  DXer  and  de^ 
crease  the  chances  for  a  suc- 
cessful contact.  Keep  your  dif- 
ferent phonetics  to  a  minimum 
and  use  an  alternate  set  only 
when  necessary. 

I  found  that  three  sets  of 
phonetics  covered  almost  any 
situation.  A  short,  punchy  set 
worked  for  good  conditions, 
where  I  knew  my  call  would  get 
through,  or  for  tailending: 
''Sugar  Queen  Baker/'  I  tried  a 
slightly  longer  set  when  the  first 
one  failed:  "Sierra  Quebec 
Bravo."  Thrs  set  had  the  advan- 
tage of  very  high  average  out- 
put; I  could  realiy  hang  the  reia- 
five  power  output  meter  up  with 
Number  2.  The  final  set  was  the 
lousy  condition  set:  "Santiago 
Quebec  Bolivia,"  to  be  used  only 
under  adverse  circumstances, 
when  repetition  of  the  other  two 
failed  miserably.  I  used  this 
phonetic  after  contact  was 
established.  If  the  DX  station  did 
not  have  my  call  correctly,  or 
continued  to  struggle  with  the 


AW/\R{>S 


Biff  Gosney  KE7C 
MicrO'SO,  Inc, 
2665  North  Busby  Road 
O&k  Harbor  WA  98277 

WORKED  ALL  20NES 

The  WAZ  award  will  be  issued 
to  any  licensed  amateur  station 


presenting  proof  of  contact  with 
the  forty  zones  of  the  world.  This 
proof  shall  consist  of  proper 
QSL  cards  which  may  be 
checked  by  any  of  the  autho- 
rized CQ  checkpoints  or  sent  di- 
rectly to  the  WAZ  Award  Man- 
ager, Mr.  Leo  Haijsman  W4KA, 


call,  I  would  switch  to  the  longer 
phonetic. 

Many  amateurs  use  phonet- 
ics for  the  suffix  of  their  call  but 
ignore  the  prefix.  When  the  only 
stateside  calls  began  with  K,  W, 
WA,  and  WB,  the  possibilities 
for  error  remained  smalL  But 
even  the  advent  of  WD  calls 
rapidly  discredited  this  practice. 
The  current  proliferation  of  simi- 
lar sounding  prefixes  (KB,  KD^ 
KB)  makes  the  use  of  phonetics 
for  both  prefix  and  suffix 
mandatory. 

Testing  Your  Chotce 

The  ideal  way  to  test  your 
phonetics  is  to  get  on  the  air  and 
start  throwing  your  call  into 
pileups.  Does  the  call  get 
through?  Do  the  DX  stations  get 
you  real  I  correctly?  The  best  test 
of  a  given  set  of  phonetics  is 
success.  If  it  works,  try  it  again. 
If  it  works  again  and  again,  use 
it  a  lot.  If  it  does  not  cut  the 
pileup,  try  another  combination 
until  you  find  the  most  effective. 

One  sure  sign  that  a  given 
phonetic  doesn't  work  for  your 
combination  of  vome  and  sta- 
tion Is  a  pattern  of  consistent  er- 
ror when  the  DX  station  comes 
back  to  you.  For  example,  I 
quickly  found  that  "Whiskey 
Alpha  One  Sierra  Queen  Bravo'* 
was  often  answered  with  WAIS 
something  B."  Watching  the 
output  scope  showed  me  the 
problem:  Output  dropped  to 
near  zero  on  the  ''Queen." 
That  letter  wasn't  getting 
through.  A  switch  to  *'Quetaec'' 
(although  opening  the  door  for 
confusion  with  Canadian  sta- 
tions) eliminated  the  iost  letter 
phenomenon. 

More  Than  One? 

After  experimenting  in  front 
of  the  output  monitor  (into  a 
dummy  load  or  empty  band,  of 
course)  and  testing  the  DX 
waters  in  numerous  pileups,  you 


will  find  a  phonetic  call  which 
meets  the  requirements  of  lack 
of  ambiguity  and  good  penetrat- 
ing power.  You  will  be  tempted 
to  use  this  phonetic  caii  in  every 
DX  circumstance.  Unfortu- 
nately, life,  and  especially 
DXing,  is  not  that  simple.  The 
best  set  of  phonetics  for  one 
band  or  band  conditions  might 
not  be  competitive  at  another 
time.  A  short,  snappy  phonetic 
call  might  be  just  the  thing  for10 
meters  when  it  ts  wide  open,  but 
the  same  combination  on  80 
might  be  destroyed  by  a  single 
static  crash. 

Finally,  phonetics  are  very 
personal.  What  works  for  one 
voice,  rig,  and  microphone 
might  not  work  for  another  com- 
bination. Guest  operators  at  the 
big  contest  multi-multis  are 
familiar  with  thrs  problem.  Each 
operator  has  to  experiment  to 
find  the  phonetics  which  work 
best.  Meanwhile,  see  you  In  the 
pileups!  Next  month  we'll  have  a 
treat  for  the  CW  DXers,  as  we  ex- 
amine zero-beating. 

NOTES  FROM  ALL  OVER 

J01CRA  gives  the  folf owing 
address  for  WHUAAB:  Hide-haru 
Afmono,  2644  Tsuruda,  Utsuno- 
miya-City,  Tochigi,  320  Japan. 
N0BNY  reports  a  July  operation 
from  VP2K  (on  his  honeymoon!). 
Pat  also  QSLs  the  VP1MK  op- 
eration at  his  home  address: 
2770  South  13th  Street,  Omaha 
NE  68108,  with  SASE.  K9MK/5 
handles  his  own  QSLs  for  his 
/VP2A  and  /V2A  operations  at 
6061  Dunson  Court,  Watauga  TX 
76148.  V2AMK  should  beQSLed 
to  N0DH/7  at  2031  East  Gary, 
Mesa  AZ  85203.  And  finally  Nick 
Percivat  9Y5NP  of  the  Trinidad 
and  Tobago  Amateur  Radio 
Society  announced  the  50  Years 
of  Amateur  Radio  special  prefix 
for  his  country:  9Y50.  Look  for 
Nick  and  other  Trinidad  ama- 
teurs using  this  prefix  for  the 
rest  of  1982, 


1044  Southeast  43rd  St.,  Cape 
Coral  FL  33904.  Many  of  the  ma- 
jor DX  clubs  in  the  US  and 
Canada  and  most  national  ama- 
teur radio  societies  abroad  are 
authorized  CQ  checkpoints.  If  in 
doubt,  consult  the  WAZ  Award 
Manager.  Any  legal  type  of  emis- 
sion may  be  used,  providing 
communication  was  estab- 
lished after  November  15, 1945. 

The  officiai  CQ  WAZ  Zone 
Map,  and  the  printed  zone  list 
which  follows  these  rules,  will 


be  used  in  determining  the  zone 
in  which  a  station  is  located. 

Confirmation  must  be  accom- 
panied by  a  list  of  claimed 
zones,  using  CQ  form  1479, 
showing  the  call  letters  of  the 
station  contacted  within  each 
zone.  The  list  should  also  clearly 
show  the  applicant's  name,  calf 
letters,  and  complete  mailing 
address.  The  applicant  should 
indicate  the  type  of  award  for 
which  he  Is  applying,  such  as 
all-SSB,  all-CW.  or  mixed.  In  re- 

73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     127 


mote  locations  and  fn  foreign 
countries,  a  handwritten  list 
may  be  submitted  and  wHI  be  ac- 
cepted for  processing,  provided 
the  above  information  is  shown. 
Ail  contacts  must  be  made 
with  licensed,  land  based,  ama- 
teur stations  operating  in  au- 
thorized'  amateur  bands* 

All  contacts  submitted  by  the 
applicant  must  t>e  made  from 
within  the  same  country.  It  is 
recommended  that  each  QSL 
clearly  show  the  station's  zone 
number.  When  the  applicant 
submits  cards  for  multiple  call- 
signs,  evidence  should  be  pro- 
vided to  show  that  he  or  she  also 
held  those  call  letters. 

Any  altered  or  forged  confir- 
mations will  result  in  permanent 
disqualification  of  the  ap- 
plicant. 

Include  with  the  application 
the  processing  fee  (subscribers, 
S4,00;  non-subscribers,  SIO.OO) 
and  a  self-addressed  envelope 
with  sufficient  postage  stamps 
or  international  reply  coupons 
to  return  the  QSL  cards  by  the 
ciass  of  mail  service  desired  and 
indicated.  CO  subscribers 
should  include  a  recent  mailing 
label  (or  copy)  with  application. 
International  reply  coupons 
equal  in  redemption  value  to  the 
processing  fee  are  acceptable^ 
Checks  should  be  made  out  to 
Mr.  Leo  Haijsman,  WAZ  Award 
Manager. 

in  addition  to  the  convention- 
al certificate  for  which  any  and 
all  bands  and  modes  may  be 
used,  specially  endorsed  and 
numbered  certificates  are  avaiN 
able  for  phone  and  single-side- 
band operation.  The  phone  cer- 
tificate requires  that  all  con* 
tacts  be  two-way  phone;  the 
SSB  certificate  requies  that  ail 
contacts  be  two-way  SSB. 

If,  at  the  time  of  the  original 
application,  a  note  is  made 
pertaining  to  the  possibility  of  a 
subsequent  application  for  an 
endorsement  or  special  certifi- 
cate, only  the  missing  confirma- 
tions required  for  that  endorse- 
ment need  1^  submitted  with 
the  later  application,  provided  a 
copy  of  the  original  authoriza- 
tion signed  by  the  WAZ  manager 
Is  enclosed. 

Decisions  of  the  CO  DX 
Awards  Advisory  Committee  on 
any  matter  pertaining  to  the  ad^ 
ministration  of  this  award  will 
be  final 

All  applications  should  be 
sent  to  the  WAZ  Award  Manag- 
er, W4KA,  after  the  QSL  cards 

128     73  Magazine  •  July,  1962 


have  been  checked  by  an  au- 
thorized CQ  checkpoint 

Zone  maps,  printed  rules,  and 
application  forms  are  available 
from  the  WAZ  Award  Manager 
Send  a  self-addressed  envelope, 
4'x9Vm'  with  2Sc  postage,  or 
a  self-addressed  envelope  and 
2  IRGs.  For  rulings  on  border* 
line  areas,  consult  the  WAZ 
Award  Manager. 

SINGLE-BAND  WAZ 

Since  January  1,  1973,  WAZ 
awards  have  teen  Issued  to 
licensed  amateur  stations  pre- 
senting proof  of  contact  with 
the  40  zones  of  the  worid  on  one 
of  the  five  high<frequency 
bands,  80-10  meters.  Contacts 
for  a  single-band  WAZ  award 
must  have  been  made  after  0000 
hours  GMT,  January  1,  1973. 
Proof  of  contact  shall  consist  of 
proper  QSL  cards  checked  by 
the  DX  Editor,  the  WAZ  Manag- 
er, or  an  authorized  CQ  check- 
point Single-band  certificates 
will  be  awarded  for  both  two- 
way  phone,  including  SSB,  and 
two-way  CW.  The  single^band 
WAZ  program  is  governed  by  the 
same  rules  and  uses  the  same 
zone  boundaries. 

S-BANDWAZ 

On  January  1, 1979,  the  CODX 

OeparlmenL  in  cooperation  with 
the  CO  DX  Awards  Advisory 
Committee,  announced  the 
5-band  WAZ. 

Applicants  who  succeed  in 
presenting  proof  of  contact  with 
the  40  zones  of  the  world  on  the 
five  high-frequency  bands— -00, 
40,  20,  15,  and  10  meters  (for  a 
total  of  200)— will  receive  a 
special  certificate  in  recognition 
of  this  achievement. 

These  rules  were  in  effect  as 
of  July  1,  1979,  and  supercede 
all  other  rules.  Five-band  WAZ 
will  be  offered  for  any  combi- 
nation of  CW,  SSB,  phone,  or 
RTTY  contacts,  mixed-mode  on- 
ly. Separate  awards  witi  not  be 
offered  for  the  different  modes. 
Contacts  must  have  t^een  made 
after  0000  hours  GMT,  January 
1,  1979.  Proof  of  contact  shall 
consist  only  of  proper  QSL 
cards  checked  by  the  WAZ 
Award  Manager,  W4KA.  The 
first  plateau  will  be  a  total  of  1 50 
zones  on  a  combination  of  the 
five  bands.  Applicants  should 
use  a  separate  sheet  for  each 
frequency  band,  using  CO  form 
1479- 

A  regular  WAZ  or  single-band 
WAZ  will  not  be  a  prerequisite 
for  a  5-band  WAZ  certificate.  All 


applications  should  show  the 
applicant's  WAZ  number. 

After  the  150-zone  certificate 
is  earned,  the  final  objective  is 
200  zones  for  a  complete  5-band 
WAZ.  CQ  is  donating  plaques 
for  the  first  S  winners,  after 
which  the  applicant  will  have  a 
choice  of  paying  a  fee  for  his 
plaque  and/or  applying  for  an 
endorsement  commemorating 
this  achievement 

The  applications  should  be 
sent  to  the  WAZ  Award  Manag- 
er, W4KA.  The  5-band  award  is 
governed  by  the  same  basic 
rules  as  for  the  regular  WAZ  and 
uses  the  same  zone  boundaries. 

THE  WPX  AWARD 

The  CQ  WPX  award  recog- 
nizes the  accomplishments  of 
confirmed  QSOs  with  the  many 
prefixes  used  by  amateurs 
throughout  the  world.  Separate 
distinctively-marked  certifi- 
cates are  available  for  2  X  SSB, 
CW,  and  mixed  modes,  as  well 
as  the  VPX  award  for  shortwave 
listeners  and  the  WPNX  award 
for  Novice  amateurs. 

All  applications  for  WPX  cer- 
tificates (and  endorsements) 
must  be  submitted  on  the  offi- 
cial application  form  CQ  1051  A. 
This  form  can  be  obtained  by 
sending  a  self-addressed 
stamped  envelope  to  the  WPX 
Award  Manager,  Bob  Hunting- 
ton K6XP,  5014  Mindora  Dr..  Tor- 
rance CA  90505,  It  Is  highly  de- 
sirable to  use  business-size  en- 
velopes, 8Va"  X  11",  for  this 
purpose. 

All  QSOs  must  be  made  from 
the  same  country.  AM  call  let- 
ters must  be  in  strict  alphabetic 
cal  order  and  the  entire  call 
must  be  shown.  All  entries 
must  be  clear  and  legible. 

Certificates  are  issued  for  the 
following  modes  and  numbers 
of  prefixes  (crossmode  QSOs 
are  not  valid  for  the  CW  or  2  x 
SSB  certificates):  mixed  (any 
mode) — 400  prefixes  confirmed; 
CW— 300  prefixes  confirmed; 
2  X  SSB— 300  prefixes  con- 
firmed. Separate  applications 
are  required  for  each  mode. 

Cards  need  not  be  sent  but 
must  be  in  the  possession  of  the 
applicant.  Any  and  all  cards  may 
be  requested  by  the  WPX  Award 
IVIanager  or  by  the  CQ  DX 
Committee*  The  application  fee 
for  each  certificate  Is  $4.00  for 
subscribers  and  $10.00  for  non- 
subscribers,  or  the  equivalent  in 
IRCs.  All  applications  and 
endorsements  should  be  sent  to 
the  WPX  Award  Manager, 


Prefix  endorsements  are  is- 
sued for  each  50  additional  pre- 
fixes submitted.  Band  endorse- 
ments are  available  for  worfting 
the  following  numbers  of 
prefixes  on  the  various  bands: 
1.8  MHz— 50;  3.5  MHz— 175;  7 
MHz— 250;  14  MHz— 300;  21 
MHz— 300;  and  28  MHz— 300. 
Continental  endorsements  are 
given  for  working  the  following 
numbers  of  prefixes  in  the  re- 
spective continents:  North 
America — 160;  South  Amer- 
ica—95;  Europe— 160;  Afri- 
ca—90;  Asia— 75;  and  Oceania 
—60.  Endorsement  applica- 
tions must  be  submitted  on  CO 
form  1051A,  Use  separate  appli- 
cations for  each  mode  and  be 
sure  to  specify  the  mode  of  your 
endorsement  application.  For 
prefix  endorsements,  list  only 
additional  call  letters  confirmed 
since  the  last  endorsement  ap- 
plication. 

A  self-addressed  envelope 
and  SI ^00  or  5  iRCs  are  required 
for  endorsement  stickers. 

The  two  or  three  letter/ 
numeral  combinations  which 
form  the  first  part  of  any  ama- 
teur call  will  t>e  considered  the 
prefix.  Any  difference  in  the 
numbering,  lettering,  or  order  of 
same  shall  constitute  a  sepa* 
rate  prefix,  The  following  would 
be  considered  different:  W2, 
WA2,  WB2,  WN2.  WV2.  K2,  and 
KN2.  Any  prefix  will  be  consid* 
ered  legitimate  If  Its  use  was  U- 
censed  or  permitted  by  the  gov- 
erning authority  in  that  country 
since  November  15, 1945. 

A  suffix  would  designate  por- 
table operation  in  another  coun- 
try or  call  area  and  would  count 
only  if  it  is  the  normal  prefix 
used  in  that  area.  For  example, 
K4t]F/KP4  would  count  onty  if  it 
is  the  normal  prefix  used  in  that 
area.  For  example.  K4IIF/KP4 
would  count  as  KP4.  However, 
KP4XX/7  would  not  count  as 
KP7  since  this  is  not  a  normal 
prefix-  Suffixes  such  as/M,  /MM, 
/AM,  /A,  and  fP  are  not  counted 
as  prefixes.  An  exception  to  this 
rule  fs  granted  for  portable 
operation  within  the  issued  call 
area.  Thus,  contacts  with  a  spe- 
cial prefix  such  as  WS2JRA/2 
count  for  WS2;  however, 
WS2JRA/3  would  count  for  W3, 

Ail  calls  without  numbers  will 
be  assigned  an  arbitrary  Q  plus 
the  first  two  letters  to  constitute 
a  prefix.  For  example,  RAEM 
counts  as  RAO,  AIR  as  Alfi, 
UPOL  is  UPO.  All  portable  suf- 
fixes that  contain  no  numerals 
will  be  assigned  an  arbitrary  Q. 


For  0xainp)ev  W4BPD/LX  counts 
as  LXO  and  WA60GW/PX  counts 
as  PX<I. 

THE  VPX  AWARD 

The  VPX,  or  verified  preftxes 
award,  can  be  earned  by  short- 
wave listeners  (SWLs)  who  pos- 
sess QSL  cards  confirming  re* 
ception  of  at  feast  300  different 
amateur  prefixes.  No  mode 
endorsements  are  available. 
Applications  are  submitted  to 
the  WPX  Award  Manager  In  ac- 
cordance with  the  WPX  rules. 

THE  WPNX 

The  WPNX  award  can  be 
earned  by  USA  Novices  who 
work  100  different  prefixes  prior 
to  receiving  a  higher-cfass 
license.  The  application  may  be 
submitted  after  receiving  the 
higher  license,  providing  the  ac- 
tual contacts  were  made  as  a 
Novice.  Prefixes  worked  for  the 
WPNX  award  may  later  be  used 
for  credit  toward  the  WPX 
award. 

The  rules  for  the  WPNX  award 
are  the  same  as  for  WPX,  except 
that  only  100  prefixes  must  be 
confirmed  and  that  applications 
are  sent  to  the  WPX  Award 
Manager. 

THE  CO  DX  AWARD 

The  CQ  CW  DX  award  and  CQ 
SSB  DX  award  are  issued  to  any 
amateur  station  submitting 
proof  of  contact  with  100  or 
more  countries  on  CW,  or  SSB. 
Applications  should  be  submit- 
ted on  the  official  CO  DX  award 
application. 

AJl  QSOs  must  be  2- way  SSB 
or  2-way  CW — crossmode  or 
one^way  QSOs  are  not  valid  for 
the  CO  DX  awards.  QSLs  must 
be  ifsted  in  alphabetical  order  by 
prefix  and  all  QSOs  must  be 
dated  after  November  15,  1945. 
Except  for  the  mobile  endorse* 
ment,  all  QSOs  must  be  made 
from  the  same  call  area. 

QSL  cards  must  be  verified  by 
one  of  the  authorized  check- 
points for  CQ  OX  awards  or 
must  be  included  with  the  appii- 
cation.  If  cards  are  sent  directly 
to  the  Award  Manager,  Billy 
Williams  N4UF,  911  Rto  SL 
Johns  Dr..  Jacksonvrlle  FL 
32211.  postage  for  their  return 
by  first-class  mail  must  be  in- 
cluded. If  certified  or  registered 
mail  return  is  desired,  sufficient 
postage  should  be  included. 

Country  endorsements  for 
150.  200.  250,  275,  300,  310,  and 
320  countries  will  be  issued.  To 
promote  multiband  usage  and 


special  operating  skills,  special 
endorsements  are  available  as 
follows: 

•  a  2&'MHz  band  endorsement 
for  the  100  or  more  countries 
confirmed  on  the  28-MHz  band; 

•  a  3.5/7-MHz  band  en- 
dorsement for  too  or  morecoun- 
tries  confirmed  using  any  com* 
bination  of  the  3.5-  and  7-MHz 
bands- 

•  a  I.S-MHz  band  endorsement 
for  50  or  more  countries  con- 
firmed on  the  1.8-MH2  band; 

•  a  QRPp  endorsement  for 50  or 
more  countries  confirmed  using 
5  Watts  input  or  less; 

•  a  mobile  endorsement  for  50 
or  more  countries  confirmed 
while  operating  mobile.  The  call 
area  requirement  is  waived  tor 
this  endorsement; 

•  an  SSTV  endorsement  {CQ 
SSB  DX  award  onfy)  for  50  or 
more  countries  confirmed  using 
2-way  slow'Scan  TV; 

•  an  OSCAR  endorsement  for 
50  countries  confirmed  via  am- 
ateur satellite, 

A  fee  of  $4.00  for  subscribers 
and  $10.00  for  non-subscribers 
{or  the  equivalent  in  IRCs),  to  de* 
fray  the  cost  of  the  certificate 
and  handling,  is  required  for 
each  award.  An  SASE  or  one  IRC 
Is  required  for  each  en- 
dorsement. 

The  ARRL  DXCC  country  list 
constitutes  the  basis  for  CO  DX 
award  country  status.  Deleted 
countries  will  not  be  valid  for  the 
CO  DX  award.  Once  a  country 
has  lost  its  status  as  a  current 
country,  It  will  automatically  be 
deleted  from  our  records. 

All  contacts  must  be  with 
tfcensed  land-based  amateur 
stations  working  in  authorized 
amateur  bands,  Contacts  with 
ships  and  aircraft  cannot  be 
counted, 

USA-CA  AWARD  PROGRAM 

The  United  States  of  America 
Counties  award,  sponsored  by 
CQ,  fs  issued  for  confirmed  con- 
tacts with  specified  numbers  of 
US  counties  under  rules  and 
conditions  hereafter  stated. 

The  USA-CA  is  issued  for 
seven  (?)  different  classes,  each 
a  separate  achievement  as  en- 
dorsed on  the  basic  certificate 
by  the  use  of  a  special  seal  for 
each  higher  cfass.  Also,  special 
endorsements  will  be  made  for 
all-one-band  or  -mode  opera- 
tions subject  to  the  rutes. 

Ctass  USA'500  requires  500 
counties,  USA-1000  requires 
tOOO  counties  and  25  States, 
USA'1500  requires  1500  coun- 


ties and  45  slates.  USA-2000  re- 
quires 2000  counties  and  50 
states,  USA-2500  requires  2500 
counties  and  50  states, 
USA'3000  requires  3000  coun- 
ties and  50  states,  and  the  ulti- 
mate award,  USA-3074-CA,  is  is- 
sued for  all  3074  counties  in  all 
50  states.  The  USA-3074  award- 
ee  is  given  a  special  honors 
plaque  for  a  cost  of  $35. 

USA-CA  is  available  to  a!T  li- 
censed amateurs  everywhere  in 
the  world  and  is  issued  to  them 
as  Individuals  for  all  county  con- 
tacts made,  regardless  of  calls 
held,  operating  QTHs,  or  dates 
whatever.  Special  USA-CAs  are 
also  available  to  SWLs  on  a 
heard  basis. 

All  contacts  must  be  con- 
firmed by  QSL  and  such  QSLs 
must  be  in  one's  possession  for 
identification  by  certification  of- 
ficials. Any  QSL  card  found  to 
be  altered  in  any  way  disquali- 
fies the  applicant. 

For  mobile  and  portable  oper- 
ations, the  postmark  will  iden- 
tify the  county  unless  informa- 
tion stated  on  QSL  cards  makes 
other  positive  identification.  In 
the  case  of  cities,  parks,  or 
reservations  not  within  counties 
proper,  applicants  may  claim 
any  one  of  the  adjoining  coun- 
ties for  credit  (once). 

The  USA-CA  program  will  be 
administered  by  a  CQ  staff 
member  acting  as  USA-CA  cus- 
todian, and  all  applications  and 
related  cofrespondence  should 
be  sent  directly  to  him  at  his 
QTH.  Decisionsof  the  custodian 
In  administering  these  rules  and 
their  interpretation  (including 
future  amendmentsj  are  final. 

The  scope  of  USA-CA  makes 

It  mandatory  that  special  record 
books  t>e  used  for  application. 
For  this  purpose,  CO  has  pro- 
vided a  64-page.  4%*'  by  11" 
record  book  which  contams 
application  and  certification 
forms  and  which  provides 
record/log  space  meeting  the 
conditions  of  any  class  of  award 
and/or  endorsement  required. 

A  completed  USA-CA  record 
book  constitutes  the  medium  of 
basic  application  and  becomes 
the  property  of  CQ  for  record 
purposes.  On  subsequent  appli- 
cations for  either  higher  classes 
or  for  special  endorsements,  ap- 
plicants may  use  additional 
record  books  to  list  required 
data  or  may  make  up  Iheir  own 
alphabetical  lists  conforming  to 
requirements. 

Record  books  can  be  ob* 
tained  directly  from  CQ,  76  N 


Broadway,  Hicksvilie  NY  11801 
for  $1,25  each.  We  recommend 
that  two  be  obtained:  one  for 
application  use  and  one  for 
personal  file  copy. 

To  apply,  make  the  record 
book  entries  necessary  for 
county  identity  and  enter  other 
log  data  necessary  to  satisfy 
any  special  endorsements 
(band/mode)  requested. 

Be  sure  to  have  the  certlfJca- 
tion  form  provided  signed  by 
two  licensed  amateurs  (General 
class  or  higher)  or  an  of  ficiaf  of  a 
nalional-level  radio  organization 
or  affiliated  club,  verifying  that 
QSL  cards  for  all  contacts  as 
listed  have  been  seen.  The  USA- 
CA  custodian  reserves  the  right 
to  request  any  specific  cards  to 
satisfy  any  doubt  whatever,  in 
such  cases,  applicants  should 
send  sufficient  postage  for  re- 
turn of  cards  by  registered  malL 

Send  the  original  completed 
record  book  {not  a  copy),  cer* 
tiflcation  forms  and  handling 
fee.  The  fee  for  non-subscribers 
to  CQ  is  $10.00  or  40  IRCs;  for 
subscribers,  the  fee  is  $4.00  or 
12  IRCs.  CQ  subscribers  should 
include  a  recent  mailing  label 
with  their  application  (or  copy). 
Send  to  USA-CA  Custodian.  Ed 
Hopper  W2GT,  Box  73,  Rochelle 
Park  NJ  07662.  For  later  applica- 
tions for  higher  class  seals, 
send  the  record  book  or  a  self* 
prepared  list  (per  rules)  and 
$1.25  or  6  IRCs  (handling 
charge).  For  application  for  later 
special  endorsements  (band 
mode)  for  which  certificates 
must  be  returned  for  endorse- 
ment, send  certificates  and 
$1.50  or  8  IRCs  for  handling 
charges.  Note:  At  the  time  any 
USA-CA  award  certificate  is  be- 
ing processed,  there  are  no 
charges  Other  than  the  basic 
fee,  regardless  of  the  number  of 
endorsements  or  seals;  like- 
wise, one  may  skip  the  lower 
classes  of  USA-CA  and  get 
higher  classes  without  losing 
any  lower  awards  credits  or  pay- 
ing any  fee  for  them. 


SALf^QNA-RAMA 

The  Racine  Megacycle  Club 
will  be  operating  W9UDU,  a  spe- 
cial event  station,  during 
SALMON-A-RAMA  from  July 
10th  through  July  18th<  1982.  Op- 
erating dates  and  times:  July  10, 
11,  and  17— 1100Z-2300Z;  July 
18— 1100Z-2000Z.  Frequency: 
Fish  locators  have  identtfied 
good  fishing  grounds  in  the 
General  portion  of  the  phone 

TSMagazme  •  July,  1982     129 


bands  on  10»  15,  and  20  meters. 
Go  fishing  for  W9UDU  and  re- 
ceive a  special  QSL  for  an  SASE 
to:  W9UDU  Racine  Megacycle 
Club,  do  American  Red  Cross— 
Lakeshore  Counties.  4521  Tay- 
lor Avenue,  Racine  WI  53405, 

For  more  infomnation»  con- 
tact David  Voss  WB9US1,  Presi- 
dent. Racine  Megacycle  Club, 
3333  Stand Ish  Lane,  Racine  Wl 
53405. 

WAPAKONETA  OH 

The  Reservoir  Amateur  Radio 
Association  will  operate  K8QYL 
from  1300Z  July  1 7  to  OAOOZ  July 
18  and  again  from  1300Z  to 
1900Z,  July  18,  from  the  birth- 
place of  Neil  Armstrong,  the 
first  man  on  the  moon.  Frequen* 
cles:  phone— 3940,  7260, 14285, 
21360.  and  28590,  plus  or  minus 
QRM;  CW^SO  kHz  up  from  the 


bottom  of  the  band  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  odd  hours.  Check^ns 
invited  on  K8QYUR  (147.93/ 
147.33).  Gertrficate  for  QSL  and 
SASE  to:  KBQYL,  PO  Box  268. 
Ceima  OH  45Q22. 

TOM  SAWYER  DAYS 

The  Hannibal  Amateur  Radio 
Club,  fnc,  will  issue  a  second 
annual  special  certificate  from 
the  National  Tom  Sawyer  Days 
celebration  in  f^ark  Twain's  boy- 
hood home  town,  Hannibal  Mis- 
souri, on  July  3-4,  1982.  Hours: 
1500-2100  LTTC  both  days.  Fre- 
quencies: phone— 7,245, 14,290, 
21.400,  and  28.700;  CW— 7.125 
and  21.125  MHz.  The  club  will 
also  be  observing  our  50th  anni- 
versary. Help  us  celebrate!  To 
receive  the  certificate,  send  a 
large  <8''x10'')  SASE  and  your 
personal  QSL  card  confirming 


the  contact  to  the  Hannibal 
Amateur  Radio  Club,  Inc., 
W0KEM,  2108  Orchard  Avenoe, 
Hannibal  MO  63401. 

BONFIELDIL 

Commemorative  amateur  ra- 
dio station  K9JLK  will  be  operat- 
ing from  the  Bonfield.  Illinois 
centennial  celebration  from 
1300Z,  July  4, 1932,  through  July 
5.  Operating  frequencies  will  be 

223.50,  144.250  (SSB),  146.520 
(FM),  50.115.  28.600.  21.400, 
14.325,  7.275,  and  3J-3.9,  For 
QSL,  send  an  SASE  to  Jerry 
Whalen  WB9WOC,  RR2,  Kanka- 
kee I L  60901. 

WINONA  MN 

The  Winona  (MN)  ARC  will  op- 
erate WBONIU  on  July  3  to  com- 
memorate the  125th  anniversary 
of  the  signing  of  the  charter  of 


the  city  of  Winona.  Winona  is  a 
river  town  in  SE  MN.  The  station 
will  operate  from  15002  to  2100Z 
on  7.245.  14.290.  21.305,  and 
28,650  MHz.  A  special  QSL  for 
working  this  station  will  be  avail- 
able by  SASE  to  Erik  W,  Brom 
WBONIU,  ^55  6lh  St.,  Winona, 
MN  55987*  Other  area  stations 
will  also  be  using  these  cards. 

CELINA  OH 

The  Reservoir  Amateur  Radio 
Association  will  operate  W8DN 
from  1300Z  to  1800Z,  July  24, 
from  the  courthouse  lawn  dur- 
ing the  Celina  Lake  Festival 
Frequencies:  phone— 3940, 
7260,  14285,  21360,  28590,  p]us 
or  minus  QRM,  Checknns  are  In- 
vited on  WBBFNB/R  on  146.01/ 
146.61.  Certificate  for  QSL  and 
SASE  to  W8DN,  PO  Box  268,  Ce- 
lina OH  45822, 


LETTERS 


KB7NW  A  WINNER 


I  would  like  you  to  know  that 
the  article  "Pacific  Odyssey"  by 
KB7NW  was  one  of  the  best  1 
have  read  in  a  long  time.  I 
thought  the  way  it  was  orga- 
nized and  presented  was  top- 
notch,  as  was  the  use  of  photo- 
graphs to  supplement  the  excel- 
lent story  line.  I  could  almost 
feel  I  was  there! 

If  you  give  awards  for  well- 
presented  articies,  J.D.  Bmders' 
^'Pacific  Odyssey"  to  Kingman 
and  Palmyra  sure  get  my  vote  I 

This  article  is  a  credit  to  your 
magazine. 

Homer  La  sitter  W6QX 
La  Jolla  CA 

We're  gfad  you  flked  *'Pacffic  Od- 
yssey/' Homer.  And  thanks  for 
wrtUng.  Not  only  wHl  the  author 
enjoy  your  comments,  the  73 
StBft  appreciates  the  feedback. 
We  encourage  readers  to  let  us 
know  when  they  particutarty  like 
(or  distfke)  something  in  73* — 
N8RK. 


NO  NUKES— r 


] 


I  am  a  firm  believer  in  our  First 
Amendment  rights,  but  I  take  Is- 
sue with  the  basic  premise  of 
the  May,  73,  article,  "Surviving 
the  Unthinkable."  Yes,  I  agree 

130     73 Magazine  •  July;  1982 


that  hams  have  a  responsibility 
!o  be  prepared  for  emergencies, 
but  nuciear  war  IS  unthinkable. 
There  would  be  NO  survivors. 
Preparing  for  a  nuciear  holo* 
caust  assumes  there  must  be 
one,  and  that  attitude  |ust  might 
help  it  happen.  Hams  should  not 
give  in—we  must  fight  for  our 
right  to  a  life  of  peace. 

David  Stoft  WD6DXX 
Spokane  WA 


NO  NUKES— II 


I  am  upset  by  the  "Surviving 
the  Unthinkable"  article  in  your 
May.  1982,  issue,  for  several  rea- 
sons. A  sense  of  practicatity 
plus  the  firm  grasp  on  Murphy*s 
Law  which  most  amateurs  have 
should  reveal  the  weaknesses 
of  the  FEMA  claims  for  how  we 
shall  evacuate.  Missiles  take  on- 
ly 30  minutes  to  arrive,  and  it  will 
take  far  longer  for  all  those  in 
target  areas  to  depart.  To  hope 
for  any  better  circumstances  is 
to  hope  that  one^s  new  antenna 
installation  is  going  to  go  in 
without  a  hitch.  Wishful  thinking 
will  not  hack  It. 

True,  amateurs  can  help  in  al- 
most any  emergency,  but  I  feel 
that  all  amateurs  should  be 
burning  the  airwaves  now  to  try 
to  talk  to  anyone  anywhere  on 
the  planet  to  forward  the  goal  of 
preventing  ''the  unthinkable/' 


To  cheerfully  accept  ten  million 
deaths  is  insanity,  no  matter 
what  the  format! 

I  sense  that  this  is  another 
"Gee.  gosh,  we  can  be  so  help- 
ful*' article.  I  do  not  want  to  be  in 
the  position  of  trying  to  provide 
emergency  service  to  what 
would  be  left,  I  would  rather 
work  now  at  some  other  solution 
to  the  problem  than  gel  first- 
hand experience  on  how  Murphy 
would  operate  with  nuclear 
weapons  as  tools  of  his  "what- 
ever can  go  wrong,  wlH"  policy. 

Amateurs  have  a  unique  abili- 
ty to  speak  to  peoples  of  other 
countries.  Let's  use  that  ability 
to  forward  efforts  to  prevent  a 
nuclear  conflict,  rather  than  be- 
come another  vulture  watching 
over  a  possibly  dying  America 
as  a  part  of  this  government's 
new  Civil  Defense  push, 

David  Gibbons 
Carmichael  CA 


BASH  REHASH 


1 


Concerning  the  ongoing  Dick 
Bash  story,  l*d  like  to  add  anoth* 
er  log  to  the  fire. 

W hen's  the  last  time  you  sat 
back  in  your  favorite  chair  with  a 
copy  of  QSTs  Q  &  A  manual? 
Unless  you're  sitting  on  a  bed  of 
nails  with  five  kids  screaming 
around  you  and  the  TV  set  too 
loud,  within  a  few  minutes  after 
opening  the  front  cover,  you'll 
be  checking  the  insides  of  your 
eyelids  for  holes.  In  short,  it's 
more  boring  than  a  monotonous 
voice  telling  you  last  week's 
news. 


The  questions  In  that  vener- 
able manual  are  not  quite  the 
same  as  found  on  the  FCC  tests, 
but  then  again,  if  you  look  close- 
ly, they're  not  all  that  much  dif- 
ferent, either.  The  tricky  part  is 
trying  to  wade  through  what  is 
termed  an  answer  without  hav- 
ing to  reread  it  many  times.  By 
then,  your  attention  and  pa* 
tience  are  wearing  thin.  After  a 
few  pages  of  this  you  begin  to 
wonder  if  it's  worth  it.  Those  of 
stout  heart  and  strong  desire 
may  make  it  just  a  bit  further, 
but  eventually  the  book  is 
closed  and  gathers  dust.  The 
Ameco  Study  Guide  Is  not  quite 
as  bad  as  it  lays  out  the  explana- 
tion without  so  much  fairy  dust 
sprinkled  on  it.  If  you  haven*t 
had  the  time  to  look  over  one  of 
Dick  Bash's  books,  he  does  give 
the  test  question  and  the  test 
answer,  but  It  doesn't  just  stop 
there.  It  explains  why  that  is  the 
correct  answer  and  does  it  with 
enough  literary  flair  to  kaep  your 
interest  to  the  point  of  making  a 
more  lasting  impression. 

For  several  years  in  the  Army. 
1  taught  basic  electricity  and  air- 
craft electrical  systems  to  ser- 
vicemen who  not  only  didn't 
want  to  t>e  there,  but  some  of 
them  shouldn't  have  even  been 
there  to  begin  with.  Vietnam 
caused  some  barrel  scraping 
near  the  end.  How  do  you  teach 
people  like  that?  You  create  an 
atmosphere  or  situation  that 
captures  their  interest.  It  wasn't 
easy  and  most  Instructors  didn't 
even  try,  but  when  you  succeed* 
ed  you  knew  it  and  the  students 


knew  it,  too.  I  was  also  partly  re- 
sponsible tor  writing  tests  and 
lesson  plans.  My  approach  was 
somewhat  similar  to  Dick*s  al- 
though greatly  restricted  due  to 
bureaocratic  regimentation. 

Have  you  ever  met  Dick  Bash? 
He's  outgoing  and  congenial 
but  a  bit  of  a  maverick,  like  most 
people  who  create  or  lead.  He 
saw  a  weakness  in  the  self  ^tu- 
torial method  of  teaching  a  com- 
plex subject  that  was  sorely 
lacking  in  Instructional  material 
that  filtered  out  the  black  boxes, 
witches,  and  demons.  There  are 
those  in  this  world  who  consldef 
electronics  as  **black  magic** 
and  some  of  them  are  hams.  Ba- 
sic  electricity,  if  taught  properly, 
can  be  interesting  ^mS  informa- 
'  live.  If  college  courses  are  of- 
fered for  electronics,  how  does 
the  average  person  expect  to 
learn  it  without  some  help? 

Letters  to  editors  are  strange 
things.  This  Is  my  first  and  prob- 
ably last  one.  Every  subscrrber 
gets  to  read  the  editorial— 
which  is  really  only  one  mark's 
opinion— and  the  mass  is  left  to 
draw  Its  own  conclusions  but 
based  only  on  the  editorialized 
facts.  The  editor  may  consider  it 
his  prerogative  to  tell  it  the  way 
he  sees  it,  and  who's  to  dispute 
it?  I  feet  you  were  wrong  to  so  ve- 
hemently condemn  Dick  Bash 
as  you  did  and  not  gtve  everyone 
the  facts  of  what  the  book  Is 
really  like-  I've  met  Bash  class 
gfaduates  and  find  them  no  dif- 
ferent from  hams  I  met  10  or  15 
years  ago.  We  need  to  increase 
and  strengthen  our  numbers 
and  I  don't  feel  one  bit  like 
we're  compromising  ourselves 
with  Dick's  books, 

I  can  almost  understand  QST 
not  wanting  to  run  his  ads.  After 
all,  a  "non  profit'*  organization 
In  the  publishing  business  with 
a  corner  on  most  of  the 'Instruc- 
tional material*'  has  to  protect 
its  own  interests.  Doesn*t  it? 
What  all  thrs  boils  down  to  Is 
this:  Whether  you  consider  the 
Dick  Bash  books  unethical  or 
not,  they  get  the  job  done  of  in- 
forming  and  teaching.  Even  my 
wife  learned  enough  to  evoke  a 
response  of,  "So  that's  how  it 
works  1"  I'm  not  going  to  fault 
Dick's  system  one  bit  because  it 
works.  What  I  do  fault  is  your  re- 
marks of  *'poison"  and  '*being 
insidious''  without  ever  telling 
what  the  books  are  like  and  let- 
ting people  draw  their  own  con- 
clusions* I  would  expect  that  of 


a  rag  like  the  Nationaf  Enquirer, 
but  not  from  73  Magazine. 

Fred  Palmer  WA5WZD 
Corinth  TX 

Have  I  met  Bash?  Heck,  Dick 

worked  for  us  here  for  a  whiie. 
He  drove  us  crazy  end  we  gave 
up  trying  to  harness  him.  We 
parted  good  friends  and  i  think 
stay  that  way.  Dick  knows  what  I 
think  of  his  '^system"  and  why. 
The  Bash  approach  does  give 
some  slight  attention  to  expla- 
nations, but  the  brunt  of  his 
books  is  to  present,  word  for 
word,  the  questions  you  are  go- 
ing to  face. .  .and  their  an- 
swers.  The  one-day  in  tens  Ives 
are  designed  to  fiii  your  short- 
term  memory  with  the  questions 
and  answers,  not  long-term  real 
understanding  of  eiecfronics 
and  radio.  If  you  are  unable  to 
take  the  FCC  test  the  next  day 
after  en  intensive  by  Bash,  you 
can  be  in  deep  trouble. 

One  of  the  more  serious  di- 
sasters of  our  whole  education- 
al process  has  to  do  with  the 
continued  use  of  short-term 
memory  for  the  passing  of  tests 
instead  of  getting  the  informa- 
tion into  the  long-term  memory. 
This  is  why  so  many  students 
have  little  recollection  of  a 
course  once  they  have  passed  it 
This  was  my  major  gripe  with 
cot  lege,  where  the  emphasis 
was  on  read-and-take-a-quiz, 
with  little  effort  to  discuss  the 
material  and  thus  give  it  a 
chance  to  be  understood  and 
filed  away  in  more  permanent 
memory. 

The  Navy,  on  the  other  hand, 
had  a  fantastic  course  In  Bfec- 
tronics,  where  they  taught  theo- 
ry and  then  immediately  took 
you  into  a  lab  to  work  with  that 
theory  and  thus  grow  to  reatfy 
understand  it.  In  classes,  we  dis- 
cussed the  theory  until  we  were 
able  to  think  in  electronic  terms. 
If  I'm  able  to  get  a  college  start- 
ed, it  is  going  to  teach  the  stu- 
dents to  think,  not  memorize. 
They  are  going  to  learn  about 
electronics  and  then  work  with 
It,  They  wilt  learn  about  commu- 
nications and  then  learn  to  de- 
sign, build,  and  servicB  equip- 
ments They  wilt  learn  computer 
design. . .  and  repairs.  They  will 
learn  to  write  programs  and  fix 
'em. 

ft  may  be  that  amateur  radio 
has  so  fallen  apart  under  the 
pressures  to  let  in  one  more 
friend  or  wife  that  it  no  longer  is 
even  considered  important  for 
hams  to  understand  radio.  If  so. 


we  should  formally  agree  with 
this  and  throw  away  our  charter, 
section  97,  and  put  amateur 
radio  and  CB  together  into  one 
service,  being  honest  about  our 
motives. 

Fred,  when  I  suggest  that 
hams  get  mad  about  this  and 
rush  to  their  neighborhood  ham 
store  and  rip  Bash's  cheat 
books  to  shredSt  I  know.  ..as  do 
you,  if  you  think  about  it  instead 
of  reacting.  .  .that  what  will 
happen  is  a  rush  to  buy  these 
short  cuts  to  getting  a  ticket. 
They  do  work.  It  is  now  possible 
to  get  a  ham  ticket  without  real- 
ly knowing  a  damned  thing 
about  electronics  or  radio.  Peo- 
ple with  a  knack  for  the  code  can 
learn  it  enough  to  pass  the  test 
in  about  one  hour.  That*s  how 
long  it  took  me  to  get  to  5^wpm 
solid  copy  right  from  not  know- 
ing a  single  character. 

If  it's  easy  ham  tickets  you 
want,  Fred,  you've  got  *em  now. 
But  I  don't  see  that  bringing  in 
many  hams.  Hell,  we  can^t  even 
give  ham  tickets  away  these 
days.  Now,  1  may  be  wrong 
about  wanting  hams  to  clean  up 
the  act. . .  to  get  our  clubs  to 
start  teaching  the  fundamentals 
of  theory  and  making  sure  that 
newcomers  qualify.  Most  of  my 
mail  says  t  have  a  lot  of  hams 
backing  me,  but  there  are  oppo- 
nents such  as  you. 

Perhaps  we  are  still  being  too 
strict  in  our  tests.  One  could 
certainly  make  a  case  for  the 
amateur  tests  being  biased  so 
that  they  exclude  blacks,  wom- 
en, Chinese,  Latin-Americans, 
and  other  such  groups.  Per- 
haps  it  is  time  for  a  move  to- 
ward affirmative  action  and  an 
open-door  policy  for  these  un- 
der*represented  groups. 
Should  we  start  seeing  how 
simple  we  can  make  the  proce- 
dure in  order  to  give  these  mi- 
norities (and  the  female  major* 
ity)  their  ''rights'*?— Wayne. 

NOMISTEAKHERE 

This  letter  is  In  reference  to 
FCC  spokesman  Vernon 
Wilson's  denial  of  misspellings 
on  FCC  code  tapes  (page  121, 
T3,  May,  1982). 

Over  the  last  few  years  1  have 
taken  one  General  class  test 
and  two  Extra  class  tests  (one 
failed  because  of  nerves  and 
pressures  and  one  passed  with 
100%  a  month  later).  I  found 
these  tests  to  be  difficult.  How- 
ever, there  were  no  misspelled 
words,   irregularities,   or  even 


sneaky  tricks.  I  even  had  Spring- 
field on  one  {spelled  correctly). 
Interest^gly,  one  fellow  told  me 
after  the  test  that  he  had  copied 
Springvale;  another  had  copied 
Sprjngdale, 

Under  the  extreme  pressure 
we  hams  generate  within  our- 
selves at  test  time,  I  believe  It  is 
quite  possible  to  sincerely,  but 
incorrectly,  copy  '^mistakes** 
that  simply  are  not  there. 

Lincoln  Thorner  KS2H 
New  York  NY 

KS2H's  letter  is  like  several  oth- 
ers we  have  received.  No  one 
has  come  forward  with  docu- 
mented evidence  of  a  misspell- 
ing on  the  FCC  code  exams.— 
N8RK. 

BRAINS  NOT  FISTS 

I  have  here  in  front  of  me  the 
March  issue  of  73  Magazine^  but 
what  I  want  to  talk  about  is  not 
how  much  I  like  it  but  your  stand 
concerning  the  requirement  for 
the  Morse-code  test. 

There  should  be  no  question 
but  that  in  this  day  and  age  of 
space  exploration  and  digital 
electronics,  this  requirement  is 
pathetically  antiquated  and 
comparable  to  requiring  Grey- 
hound drivers  to  know  how  to 
handle  a  Conestoga  wagon,  it 
senses  no  purpose  other  than  to 
keep  away  from  amateur  radio 
technically  competent  people 
who  have  neither  the  patience 
nor  the  time  to  waste  in  learning 
a  skill  that  has  no  place  in  state- 
of-the-art  electronics. 

All  of  the  surveys  that  showed 
"overwhelming  opposition"  to  a 
no-code  license  have  been  per- 
formed with  no  objectivity  and  a 
lot  of  bias  in  a  group  of  individu- 
als who  had  a  vested  Interest  in 
the  outcome.  Nobody  should  be 
a  part  of,  or  a  judge  in,  a  contest 
of  any  kind  who  thinks:  "What? 
A  no-code  license?  Over  my 
dead  body!  Let  them  sweat  it 
out  as  I  did!"  You  don't  have  (o 
be  endowed  with  divinatory 
powers  to  know  beforehand  the 
outcome  of  such  a  survey.  In 
other  words,  newcomers  not 
welcomef 

Keep  up  the  good  work  and  be 
sure  that  once  again  we  will  see 
in  the  future  who  was  right- 
What  we  need  today  is  brain,  not 
fistf  Your  suggestion  to  use 
technical  knowledge  as  a  filter, 
instead  of  Morse-code  skill, 
does  make  a  lot  of  sense. 

Oh,  by  the  way,  let  me  tell  you 
that  I  am  not  a  frustrated  would- 

IBhAagazine  •  July.  1982    131 


be  ham  who  flunked  the  code 
test.  Many  years  ago,  more  than 
I  care  to  remember,  t  had  to  get  a 
commercial  second-cFass  radio 
operator's  license  (including 
Morse  at  20  wpm).  and  to  this 
day  I  fail  to  see  what  good  can 
come  to  amateur  radio  by  turn- 
ing the  code  skilt  into  a  tetish. 

It  is  about  time  that  some 
common  sense  is  written  into 
these  regulations. 

Paulo  G.  Lefevf© 

PY1AQUCT1EM 

CarcaveloSp  Portugal 

0/e  —  Wayne. 

HORSERADISH  DISPLAY 

I've  been  fascinated  by  QSL 
cards  sfnce  I  was  an  SWL  in  the 
early  1950s*  A  QSL  is  a  special 
thing—representative  of  the  fn- 
dividual,  locale,  and  country  of 
origin.  1  am  quite  aware  of  the 
expense  involved,  be  it  the  sim- 
plest '^Quick  Print  Shop"  shot  of 
a  hand  drawing  or  the  elat>orate 
five-run  or  color  photographic 
rendition. 

The  thing  that  moved  me  to 
write  this  letter  is  the  volume  of 
cards  seen  since  become  a  DX 
QSL  manager  (CESSYY),  Gentle* 
men— the  ladies  are  now  left 
out,  they  do  it  right— the  blotter 
pape?  and  repetitiously  inane 
renderings  passing  this  way 
don't  even  rate  a  shoe  box  as  a 
repository.  As  a  person  driving 
up  In  an  unwashed,  beat^up  au- 
tomobile makes  a  lasting  first 
impression,  so  do  your  cards. 

It  pains  me  to  see  that  cards 
from  the  South  Pacific  that  ten 
short  years  ago  had  swallowtail 
butterflies,  birds  of  paradise, 
and  outrigger  canoes  now  look 
like  the  cards  of  members  of  the 
Southern  California  DX  Club. 
How  many  cards  can  a  person 
with  DXCG>  WAZ,  and  God- 
knows-what-all  possibly  send? 
Economy  seems  to  rule,  how- 
ever, and  I  would  offer  the  fol- 
lowing comments, 

1  Lack  of  return  postage  is  a 
paramount  issue  as  it  makes  the 
card  expense  critical. 

2.  The  card's  free,  the  freight 
a\r\X 

3,  If  you  care  and  really  have 
had  at  least  one  original  thought 
in  your  life,  consider  the  fact 
your  card  represents  you,  so  do 
it  cute,  professionally,  or  at 
least  in  good  taste  and  design. 

If  you're  tired  of  seeing  your 
country  QSL  display  looking  like 
horseradish  and  mustard,  the 
solution  really  rests  with  you 

132     73  Magazine  •  JutyJ982 


and  the  merchants  of  medlocrU 
ty  who  simplify  the  continuation 
of  the  problem.  The  DX  is  realiy 
waiting  for  you  to  get  your  act 
together. 

Terry  F.Staudt  W«WUZ 
Evergreen  CO 

Readers  who  don't  like  horse- 
radish are  encouraged  to  submit 
B  QSL  card  to  73 's  monthly  con- 
test You  will  find  detaifs  with 
this  month's  winner — N8RK. 

DX  FOB  THE  BLIND 

Two  years  after  losing  my 
Sight  from  detached  retinas,  I 
obtained  my  Novice  class  li- 
cense. Six  months  later,  I 
achieved  General  class  status 
and  have  been  a  DXer  ever 
since.  Two  common  problems 
for  the  bHnd  DXer  are  the  inabili* 
ty  to  obtain  current  DX  informa- 
tion and  the  difficulty  of  filling 
out  DX  cards. 

I  am  writing  this  letter  to  in- 
form blind  DXers  of  a  new  and 
exciting  service.  The  Braille  DX 
Service  provides:  (T)  a  monthly 
cassette  recording  of  current  DX 
activity  and  expeditions,  as  well 
as  important  QSL  information, 
and  featuring  the  Kansas  DX  As- 
sociation monthly  newsletter, 
(2)  a  current  DXCC  countries  list 
in  Braille  or  on  cassette  tape,  In- 
cluding regular  up-to-date  prefix 
changes,  and  {3)  a  personal  QSL 
manager  for  outgoing  cards. 
Volunteers  fill  out  the  blind  DX- 
er's  QSL  cards,  and  log  informa- 
tion is  passed,  either  by  on-the- 
air  schedules  or  simply  by  mail- 
ing the  information  direct  to  the 
volunteer.  Log  information  can 
be  recorded  on  cassette  tape 
and  mailed  to  the  volunteer. 

Membership  is  simply  a  one- 
time $2.00  donation  to  help  pur- 
chase  blank  cassette  tapes  for 
the  monthly  newsletter*  The 
Kansas  DX  Association  has 
demonstrated  their  interest  in 
this  program  by  providing  a  cas* 
sette  recording  of  the  monthly 
newsletter  and  volunteer  QSL 
managers  for  the  blind  DXer. 

Phil  Scovell  AFiH 
Lakewood  CO 


3  CHEERS  FOR  MFJ 


blew  a  small  coil  In  the  swr 
bridge  circuit.  I  called  them  on 
their  WATS  line,  and  it  was  not 
until  later  that  I  read  down  the 
page  a  bit  and  saw  that  I  had 
called  the  sales  number  and  not 
the  parts  and  service  depart- 
ment. A  very  pleasant  YL  an^ 
swered  and,  not  understanding 
what  I  wanted  to  order,  she  con* 
nected  me  to  an  OM  by  the  name 
of  Stan.  I  explained  to  Stan  that  I 
had  blown  the  coil,  that  the  unit 
was  out  of  warranty,  and  that  I 
wanted  to  order  another  Well,  a 
strange  thing  happened  for 
these  times,  as  Stan  refused  to 
sell  me  the  coil;  instead^  he  in- 
sisted that  I  give  him  my  name 
and  address  and  he  would  get 

one  out  to  me  in  the  mail at 

no  chargel  Now  that  is  what  I 
call  darn  good  business  PR. 

It  was  not  so  much  the  cost 
(or  in  this  case,  non-cost)  as  It 
was  the  pleasant  manner  In 
which  this  was  handled,  and  I 
woutd  appreciate  it  if  you  would 
let  your  readers  know  about  one 
of  the  "good  guys'*— MFJ  Enter* 
prises  of  Mississippi  State,  Mis- 
sissippi. 

Don  WllTTams  5n,  Publisher 

B8  Micro  Journat 

Hixson  TN 


HAM  PEACE  CORPS 


I  want  you  to  know  about  an 
experience  I  had  with  one  of 
your  advertisers.  Two  years  ago 
at  the  Atlanta  Ham  test  I  pur- 
chased  an  MFj-962  antenna 
tuner.  Well,  as  you  might  know,  I 
probably  loaded  it  wrong  and 


In  your  73  issue  of  November, 
1981,  I  saw  your  editorial  about 
South  Africa  and  would  like  to 
record  my  disapproval  of  your 
visit  to  the  Republic  of  South  Af^ 
rica. 

South  Africa  is  the  only  re- 
maining country  which  violates 
human  rights  on  the  basis  of 
race  (skin  pigmentation).  This  vi- 
olation Is  perpetual  and  cannot 
be  transcended  (tiecause  you 
cannot  change  your  color)  and 
is  grossly  unfair  to  its  people 
and  the  people  of  the  world  (l>e* 
cause  such  ideas  might  spread 
out  of  South  Africa  to  the  rest  of 
the  world  again).  Therefore,  it  is 
necessary  to  fight  such  an  un- 
fair system  by  all  means,  includ- 
ing withholding  technology, 
sports  contacts,  amateur  radio 
contacts,  etc. 

Why?  Because  the  racist  mi- 
nority in  power  (which  does  not 
Include  at t  South  African  whites) 
can  use  such  technology  to  op- 
press the  majority  and  interna- 
tional sports  and  cultural  con- 
tacts to  win  international  ac- 
ceptance and  legitimacy.  Build- 
ing up  communication  technol- 


ogy through  amateur  radio  is 
one  such  example— communi- 
cation technology  can  be  used 
to  spread  ideas  of  apartheid  and 
for  police  and  military  purposes. 

You  might  say,  sure»  South  Af- 
rica violates  human  rights,  but 
what  al>out  other  dictatorial  re- 
gimes in  Africa/South  America/ 
Asia?  There,  oppression  Is 
through  ideology  (tTOlief  sys- 
tems} or  money  (class  back- 
ground of  a  person),  etc.,  and 
boycott  action  agamst  them  is 
valid  and  is  practiced,  e.g., 
against  Chile,  Poland,  etc.  The 
only  similar  case  Is  the  caste 
system^  as  It  is  practiced  in  the 
feudal  and  backward  areas  of 
India— where  you  are  born  Into  a 
caste  and  are  discriminated 
against. 

As  a  citizen  of  a  multi-racial 
democracy  (the  same  as  in  your 
case)  where  people  of  various 
races  (Caucasian,  Mongolian^ 
and  Negroid)  live  in  harmony, 
settle,  and  marry  across  regions 
and  are  guaranteed  the  same 
constitutional  rights,  I  think  it  is 
our  duty  to  discourage  contacts 
with  South  Africa. 

Right  now,  the  Republic  of 
South  Africa  is  involved  in  a  PR 
campaign  (albeit  the  organiza- 
tion of  such  a  campaign  may 
well  be  loose)  and  is  trying  to  get 
scientists,  scholars,  and  sports- 
men to  visit  them  (e.g.,  UK  crick- 
et players,  Taiwanese  scholars, 
etc.).  Clever  as  they  are,  they 
sent  Dr,  Christian  Barnard  (the 
famous  heart  surgeon  and  a  be- 
liever in  racism)  to  India,  know- 
ing that  he  would  be  the  feast 
objectionable  here. 

f  respect  73  for  its  boldness 
(in  criticism  of  regulatory 
bodies),  its  presentation  (which 
is  lucid  and  interesting),  and  its 
keeping  abreast  of  new  technol- 
ogy, and  this  is  the  very  first 
time  I  feel  the  urge  to  express 
my  disapproval,  I  hope  that  you 
will  take  it  in  a  constructive  spir- 
it and  respond  to  my  arguments. 

Gopal  Kamat  VU2JE 
Bombay,  India 

Well,  Kamat,  just  in  case  there 
are  some  readers  who  agree 
with  your  thinking,  it  might  be 
prudent  to  answer  your  criti- 
cisms. Let*s  go  back  a  few  years 
to  the  time  when  the  US  was  in- 
volved with  Vietnam.  Recaffwith 
me,  if  you  wifl,  that  my  country 
was  being  severely  criticized  by 
much  of  the  wor/d  f^Aany  people 
were  busy  not  visiting  the  US  be- 


cause  it  was  mvoived  in  that  un* 

popular  w^r. 

Possibty,  Kamat,  you  were 
not  a  reader  of  73  during  those 
years,  if  you  had  been  you  would 
know  that  there  were  a  number 
of  Americans  who  were  not  in  fa- 
vor of  the  war.  Some  reacted  by 
being  compfetely  negative 
about  it..  Just  get  out  and 
ieave  'em  atone.  Others  recog- 
nized the  problems  involved,  but 
felt  that  there  was  more  than 
one  way  to  respond.  Indeed,  I 
made  a  trip  around  the  world 
and  talked  with  hams  in  many 
countries  about  the  situation. 
As  a  result,  I  deveioped  a  plan 
which  t  felt  was  far  better  than 
fighting.  /  distilled  the  ideas  /  ran 
into  in  Yugoslavia,  Thailand, 
Singapore,  and  New  Caledonia 
as  t  talked  with  hams  in  these 
countries. 

My  plan  seemed  relatively 
simple,  workable,  and  most  like- 
ly to  result  in  avoiding  further 
bloodshed.  I  am  convinced  that 
if  the  US  had  followed  It  that  a 
unified  Vietnam  would  be  free  of 
communism. .  .as  would  Laos 
and  Cambodia,  I  wrote  of  my 
plan  in  73  and  got  hundreds  of 
tetters  supporting  it.  I  also  sent 
it  to  Congress,  but  as  far  as  i 
know  not  one  copy  ever  got 
through  the  assistants,  t  failed 
* « .  tut  at  least  I  tried. 

Now,  about  South  Africa^ 
Sure,  many  people  are  at  odds 
with  the  South  African  govern- 
ment. But  does  that  mean  that 
we  have  to  hate  South  Africans? 
What  possible  benefit  is  that  to 
anyone?  i  went  to  South  Africa 
to  visit  the  hams  and  computer 
fanatics,  not  the  government. 
Asa  matter  of  fact,  I  don't  think  I 
met  anyone  from  the  govern- 
ments 

The  people  that  I  did  meet  and 
talk  with  are  as  helpless  about 
the  policies  of  their  government 
as  t  was  about  mine.  They,  sad- 


fy,  have  far  less  freedom  to 
speak  up  in  criticism.  ,  .but 
then  there  are  very  few  coun- 
tries which  are  as  permissive  as 
the  US.  And  rememtier,  please, 
that  there  are  some  government 
agenciBS  in  the  US  which  will 
not  permit  open  criticism.  Our 
country  is  good  in  many  ways, 
but  it  is  far  from  free  as  yet. 

May  I  contrast  your  negative 

attitude  with  my  positive  one. 
You  advocate  not  visiting  coun- 
tries of  which  you  disapprove.  I 
advocate  visiting  them  and  ad* 
vocating  changes  to  them  which 
will  improve  the  situation.  In- 
deed, white  t  was  in  South  Africa 
I  went  on  television  during  prime 
time  and  said  flat  out  that  it  was 
time  for  them  to  consider  mak- 
ing some  moves  to  change  their 
basic  policies.  I  am  told  that 
over  a  million  blacks  and  whites 
saw  my  broadcasts 

I  th/nk  I  got  their  attention 
when  I  put  it  this  way, .  J  ex- 
plained that  there  are  about  59 
countries  in  Africa  and  that  ap- 
proximately 56  of  these  hate 
South  Africa.  I  suggested  that 
perhaps  it  was  time  to  start  do- 
ing something  to  counter  this 
. . .  and  I  had  a  positive  sugges- 
tiont  not  a  negative  one. 

As  I  pointed  out,  we  are  enter- 
ing an  electronic  age.  Comput- 
ers and  telecommunications  are 
inseparable  with  the  future.  I 
also  pointed  out  that  unless 
South  Africa  did  something. . . 
and  quickly. .  .the  country 
would  be  passed  by  in  technol- 
ogy. To  keep  up  with  the  need 
for  people  to  invent,  build,  oper- 
ate, and  service  the  technology 
of  the  future,  they  are  in  need  of 
tens  of  thousands  of  techni- 
cians and  engineers. 

The  only  reasonable  source  of 
this  many  technical  people  will 
be  for  South  Africa  to  make  it  a 
policy   to   introduce   amateur 


radio  and  computer  clubs  in 

their  high  schools.  They  will 
have  to  get  teenagers  interested 
in  technical  careers. 

Okay.  The  next  step  is  an  obvi- 
ous one. . .  the  need  for  techni- 
cal colleges  to  bring  these  inter- 
ested teenagers  up  to  the  state- 
of-the-art  in  electronics,  com- 
munications, and  computers. 
This  can  be  done  either  the  ex- 
pensive way.,. by  the  govern- 
ment paying  for  it.  ..or  it  can  be 
done  by  getting  private  industry 
to  pick  up  most  of  the  tab.  I  sug- 
gested they  consider  my  plan 
for  opening  a  college  which  is  in- 
tegrated with  several  local  elec- 
tronics businesses.  In  this  way, 
the  students  would  get  the  best 
of  the  formal  technical  educa- 
tion. . .  and  the  practical  profes- 
sional experience  of  working 
with  a  business  firm. 

Further,  I  proposed  that  they 
include  plenty  of  business 
courses  so  that  the  students 
would  be  well  rounded  in  both 
technical  matters  and  business, 
t  suggested  that  they  teach  ad- 
vertising, writing,  speaking,  fi- 
nance, hiring,  personnel  man- 
agement, purchasing,  and  so 
on. 

The  income  from  working 
with  the  on-campus  firms  would 
keep  the  end  cost  of  the  educa- 
tion low  and  within  the  reach  of 
most  middle-income  families. 

Then,  once  this  idea  had  sunk 
in,  I  proposed  what  my  inter* 
viewer  called  the  Electron ic 
Peace  Corps.  This  was  a  plan  to 
bring  in  worthy  students  from 
the  other  African  counties  for  a 
free  education  in  this  new  type 
of  school.  The  cost  would  be  low 
and  the  students,  once  they  re- 
turned to  their  native  countries, 
would  soon  rise  to  the  top  by  vir- 
tue of  their  education  and  expe- 
rience. 

The  people  in  the  other  Afri- 
can countries  realize  that  they 


have  no  opportunity  for  a  good 

education  unless  they  leave 
their  country.  At  present,  the  on- 
ly sources  for  a  free  education 
tie  in  Moscow  and  Havana. 
These  are  not  very  attractive  ah 
ternatives.  Further,  the  people  in 
these  countries  realize  that  they 
are  on  a  downward  spiral,  some- 
thing which  only  an  infusion  of 
educated  people  can  change. 

The  courses  in  South  Africa 
would  not,  at  first,  be  very  popu- 
lar because  of  the  hatred.  But 
something  as  valuable  as  that 
for  nothing  might  overcome  all 
sorts  of  emotional  blocks.  South 
Africa  would  have  to  see  that 
the  black  students  were  treated 
fairly  and  given  the  best  of  edu- 
cations. I  think  the  floodgates 
would  open  and  eager  students 
would  come  in  from  all  over  Afri- 
ca. 

It  will  take  a  long  time  to 
change  Africa,,. but  isn't  it 
time  to  get  started?  There  are 
tremendous  resources  in  Africa 
.  ,  ,  with  plenty  of  country  for 
farms,  millions  of  educabte  peo- 
ple, and  nowhere  to  go  but  up. 
Yes,  there  are  tremendous  ot>- 
stacles.  Vve  been  there  and  seen 
them.  I've  talked  about  them 
with  ham  friends  in  many  of  the 
African  countries,  We're  looking 
at  several  generations  before 
things  are  really  changed. 

But  with  educated  entrepre- 
neurs in  more  and  more  African 
countries  it  could  be  possible  to 
stop  the  destruction  of  these 
countries  by  their  despot  lead- 
ers and  to  start  working  for  their 
eventual  strength. 

Isn  Y  if  better  to  visit  a  country 
and  make  a  try  at  doing  some- 
thing  to  help  change  things? 
The  thousands  of  people  who 
have  not  visited  South  Africa 
have  done  nothing.  It  may  be 
that  my  voice  has  been  com* 
pleteiy  lost... but  I  did  try.— 
Wayne, 


REVIEW 


ICOM  1C-4A  440*MHZ  HT 

I  recently  purchased  an  Icom 
»C^A  440-MHz  hand-held  FM 
transceiver  because  I  wanted  to 
get  on  the  FM  portion  of  the 
3/4'meter  band  in  the  most  cost- 
effective  manner  possible.  I 
wanted  to  move  up  from  the  Mo- 
torola T-44,  which  lacks  frequen- 


cy stability  and  Is  quite  large 
and  heavy.  (  believe  that  I  made 
a  very  good  decision  and  if  you'll 
read  on,  I'll  be  glad  to  tell  you 
why. 

First,  I  decided  that  my  next 
rig  would  be  new:  With  a  unit 
straight  from  the  factory,  you 


get  some  kind  of  a  warranty — at 
least  saying  that  it  will  work 
right  from  the  start.  (Everything 
that  1  ever  bought  used  always 
had  something  wrong  with  it.) 
Usually  one  faces  a  minor  thing 
such  as  a  noisy  volume  control 
or  a  worn-out  switch.  But  if  it  is 
an  intermittent  problem  that 
wants  to  be  hard  to  trace  down, 
may  God  help  you!  Also,  when 
people  sell  their  old  gear  they 
seem  to  want  almost  what  they 
paid  for  it  way  bacl<  when.  This 
is  good  salesmanship,  I  sup- 
pose, but  I'd  rather  spend  the  ex- 


tra bucks  for  state-of-tlw-art  and 
a  warranty. 

No  Crystals 

Second,  I  decided  that  the  rig 
would  be  synthesized.  Activity 
on  440  is  growing  as  more  and 
more  of  the  two-met er-FM 
crowd  are  getting  one  of  the  cur- 
rent crop  of  /O-cm  FM  hand-heid 
units  (icom  1C-4A,  Yaeso  FT- 
708R,  Tempo  S-4,  Sanlec  ST- 
440/up).  Therefore,  more  repeat- 
ers  are  bound  to  appear. 

Transmit  and  receive  crystals 
of  the  high-accuracy  (HA)  vari- 

73  Magazine  *  July,  1982     133 


I 


Photo  A.  The  iC-^A  hand-held  44(hMHz  FM  transceiver.  (Photo  by 
Mtchaet  D.  Landis) 


ety  go  for  just  over  thirteen  dol- 
lars a  copy  (anything  lass  just 
doesn't  make  it).  After  a  one-  to 
!wo-weeK  wail,  the  crystals  ar- 
rive, and  after  mstalling  them  In 
the  radio,  you  get  to  adjust 
those  tiny  trimmer  capacitors 
until  you  are  exactly  on  frequen- 
cy. Also,  the  price  of  twenty 
crystals,  as  an  example  (ten  for 
transmit  and  ten  for  receive), 
times  thirteen  dollars  each 
comes  to  $260,  which  is  about 
what  I  paid  for  my  IC-4A. 

The  IC-4A  offers  2000  possi- 
ble channels—the  top  10  MHz  of 
the  420*tO'450-MHz  band,  in 
S-kHz  steps,  Ttie  thumbwheel 
switches  select  the  frequency  in 
1-MHz,  100-kHz,  and  10-kHz 
steps,  with  the  5-kHz  select 
switch  just  to  the  right  of  the 
thumbwheet  switches.  (The 
switch  at  the  extreme  right  rs 
not  used  by  Icom — it  is  there  for 
you  to  wire  up  a  switchable  tone 
encoder.) 

The  antenna  connector  Is  a 
BNC  type,  and  below  it  are  exter- 
nal microphone  and  speaker 
jacks.  To  the  right  of  the  anten- 
na connector  is  an  LED  which 
lights  during  transmit,  it  afso 
serves  as  a  battery  indicator;  if  it 
goes  out  while  you  are  squeez- 
ing the  push-to-talk  switch  on 
the  left  side  of  the  radio*  your 
battery  has  just  died.  (You  can, 

134     73  Magazine  •  July.  1982 


as  soon  as  you  notice  the  LED 
go  out,  immediately  unkey,  then 
key  up  again  and  say  rapidiy, 
*This  is  [your  callsign)— clear,** 
If  this  makes  you  feel  better.  You 
may  even  get  through.  If  not^  the 
next  person  In  line  will  probably 
sign  you  out,) 

On  the  back  of  the  radio  are 
three  slide  switches.  The  rf 
power  switch,  which  is  the  top 
one,  seiects  between  ,1&  Watts 
out  in  the  low  position  and  1.5 
Watts  out  in  the  high  position.  In 
the  iow-power  position,  you 
draw  only  43%  of  the  current 
that  you  do  In  the  high  position, 
so  you  can  transmit  at>out  twice 
as  long.  But  remember  that 
youVe  putting  out  onfy  one- 
tenth  the  power.  I  do  not  con- 
sider this  to  be  a  good  enough 
trade  to  warrant  the  use  of  the 
low-power  position  unless  i  am 
within  spitting  range  of  a 
repeater. 

Below  the  power-select 
switch  is  a  duplex/simplex  se- 
lect switch,  and  below  that  Is  a 
+  5-MHz/ -5-MHz  transmit  off- 
set switch.  Don't  ask  me  why 
Icom  does  not  use  a  single 
three-position  switch  that  has  5 
down,  simplex,  and  5  up  on  It. 
My  IC-4A  does  not  have  an  out- 
of-band  transmit-rnhibit  circuit 
in  it  since  the  NT  will  transmit 


Photo  8,  T"^e  regulator  circuit  in  the  BP^  case.  (Photo  by  Michael  D. 
Landis} 


from  435.000  MHz  to  454.995 

MHz  when  in  the  duplex  mode. 

The  microphone  is  located  on 
the  front  of  the  radio  case  to  the 
t>ottom  right  of  the  speaker,  just 
above  the  word  ^'microphone" 
that  is  molded  onto  the  case.  I 
was  so  used  to  those  CB*type 
hand-helds  where  the  speaker  is 
used  as  the  microphone  !hat  it 
took  me  a  while  to  realize  that  t 
was  directing  my  voice  into  the 
wrong  place.  Talk  Into  the  lower- 
right  corner  of  the  speaker 
where  there  is  a  little  rectangu- 
lar slot  cut  Into  the  case,  and 
you  will  get  full  audio  quality! 

The  unit  comes  in  a  grey  plas- 
tic  case,  ^acks  the  bells  and 
whistles  that  inhabit  the  fronts 
of  other  brands  of  HTs.  and 
doesn't  have  as  much  shiny 
metaL  To  me,  it  looks  more  like  a 
policeman's  NT  than  a  ham's 
playtoy. 


Along  with  the  radio  you  get 
the  rubberked  flexible  antenna, 
a  BP-3  battery  pack  and  a  wall 
charger  for  it,  a  metal  belt  clip 
and  two  screws  with  which  to  at- 
tach it  to  the  radio,  a  hand  strap 
(which  I  never  use),  an  earphone 
(which  I  never  use),  and  one 
each  submini  plug  and  mint  plug 
for  the  external  mike  and  speak- 
er jacks.  You  also  gel  an  instruc- 
tion  manual  whicii  gives  a  good 
general  idea  of  what  is  going  on, 
and  two  separate  sheets  which 
are  quite  detailed  schematic 
and  circuit  board  layouts.  The 
size  and  appearance  of  the  rig  is 
identical  to  the  IC-^aA/AT,  and  ex- 
cept fof  antennas,  they  use  the 
same  accessories. 

The  radio  will  not  scan  unless 
you  want  to  wear  ou!  your  fin- 
gers on  the  thumbwheel  switch- 
es, so  you  must  own  a  program- 
mable scanner  or  know  the  fre- 
quencies you  will  be  using.  Oth* 
erwise.  you  may  r^eed  to  get  one 


3  WCT 
FTECULATOR    IC 


r 


?ao5 


I 


DOl|iF 


51V 

ZEMER 

DI0&€ 


O.CH#F 


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^   lOlVOC 
OMTPLfT 


m 


Fig.  1.  Regulator  buitt  into  a  BP-4  battery  case. 


PiZZA    PAN 
6R0UND  PLANE 


SO- 239 
CONNECTOR 


Fig.  2.  An  improvised  quarter-wave  ground^pfane  antenna. 


of  the  band-scanning  rigs  in* 
stead  of  this  one. 

For  some  serious  rag-chew* 
ing  with  this  rig,  you  need  either 
a  basketful  of  batteries  or  an  ac- 
operated  power  supply.  1  have 
built  a  regulator  circuit  into  a 
BP-4  battery  pacK  case  which  al* 
lows  me  to  use  the  car  battery 
(via  a  cigarette  lighter  power 
adapter  and  a  miniature  plug}  or 
my  unregulated  13.8-V-dc  power 
supply  at  home.  The  schematic 
for  the  regulator  is  shown  in  Fig. 
1.  and  Photo  B  is  a  close-up  of 
the  finished  product,  (if  you 
don't  like  my  way.  you  can  look 
up  WB3JJF's  article  in  the  Feb- 
ruary, 1981,  issue  of  Ham 
Radio,} 

When  l^m  at  home,  i  use  an 
improvised  quarter-wave  ground^ 
plane  antenna  that  works  quite 
a  bit  better  than  the  rubberized 
whip  antenna.  It  consists  of  a 
pizza  pan  (for  the  ground  plane) 
with  a  hole  in  the  center  to  hold 
an  Sa239  jack.  (See  Fig,  2.)  I 
soidered  a  stiff  copper  wire  to 
the  top  of  the  iack.  A  PL-259  plug 
with  RG-58/U  or  RG-8/U  cable  Is 
screwed  onto  the  connector, 
and  the  length  of  the  copper 
wire  whip  is  trimmed  to  one- 
quarter  wavelength  or  for  lowest 
standing-wave  fatio  at  your 
favorite  frequency. 

Unfortunately.  I  don^l  have  a 
lot  of  sophisticated  test  gear, 
but  I  can  tell  you  that  .3  micro- 
volts of  signal  will  definitely 
quiet  all  the  rushing  noise  in  my 
receiver.  The  power  with  a  fresh 
battery  is  somewhat  higher  than 
that  stated  in  the  manuai.  and 
most  amazing  of  ali  (to  me)  is 
that  all  channels  are  stable,  with 
very  little  frequency  drift. 

I  got  my  1C-4A  for  just  under 
$260  from  my  local  ham  radio 
store  in  December,  1961,  and  for 
another  twenty  dollars  or  so,  1 
could  have  gotten  the  touch* 
tone^^  pad  version. 

I  want  to  thank  WASJ  Jl  for  the 
improved  antenna  idea,  my  sis* 
ter  Frances  for  the  permanenf 
loan  of  two  of  her  pizza  pans, 
and  also  Mike  Landis,  who  look 
the  pictures. 

Now  I  can  hardly  wait  for  Icom 
to  come  out  with  its  23'Cm 
{IZtS-l 300-MHz)  band  HT.  For 
more  information,  contact  tcom 
Amefica,  2112  116th  Ave,  NE, 
Beilevue  WA  98004. 

Walter  R.  Stringer  N6BSG 

Ferndale  Ml 

IC^25A  2M  FM  MOBILE  RIG 

It  may  be  a  mystery  to  most  of 
us  how  the  manufacturer  man- 


aged  to  stuff  so  many  compo- 
nents, operating  features,  and 
good  ideas  into  so  small  a  pack- 
age, but  it  is  no  mystery  that  the 
trend  In  ham  gear  today  Is 
toward  the  small.  In  this  ham's 
opinion,  with  reference  to 
medium  power  (25- W)  VHF  ham 
gear,  the  apogee  of  miniature 
electronics  is  reached  by  the 
Icom  IC-25A  two-meter  FM 
mobile  rig. 

Features 

The  rig  measures  a  mere  5 "  by 
2"  by  7"  and  weighs  in  at  a  paltry 
3.3  pounds.  Within  these  tMN- 
putian  dimensions,  icom  has 
crammed  48  transistors.  5  FETs, 
19  ICs.  91  diodes,  and  a4*bit  mi- 
croprocessor to  keep  track  of 
the  lot.  The  result  of  this  shoe- 
horning  Is  a  feature-packed 
mobile  radio  that  offers  the 
user:  25-W/1-W  power  outputs, 
scanning  of  five  memory  and 
two  vfo  frequencies,  full  or  pro- 
grammed band  scan,  program- 
mable splits  for  non-standard 
repeaters,  dual-speed  vfo  tuning 
in  5'kHz  or  15-kHz  steps,  seven- 
segment  S/rf  LED  bar  display, 
priority  channel  function,  nor- 
mal/reverse function  for  moni' 
toring  repeater  inputs  or  work- 
ing inverse  splits,  and,  most  im- 
portant,  two  fully-independent 
vfo's.  And  all  this  from  the  front 
panel  1 

Should  you  require  more  op- 
tions, you  need  only  open  the 
top  cover  to  gain  access  to:  a 
scan  speed  control,  a  scan^stop 
timing  control,  a  scan-stop  timer 
switch,  and  a  scan-stop  func- 
tion switch.  The  last  allows  the 
operator  to  choose  either  busy 
or  open  channels  for  scan-slop. 

By  comparison,  the  rear  panel 
is  simple.  Here,  arrayed  around 
a  massive  heal  sink  of  the 
SC1019  power  amplifier,  is  a 
power-connection  cable,  an 
SO-239  antenna  connector,  and 
an  external  speaker  jack  (4  to  8 
Ohms). 

The  1C-25A  Is  designed  to  run 
off  a  13.8-V-dc  source,  and  no 
provisions  are  made  for  revers- 
ing the  negative  ground  configu- 
ration of  the  supply.  The  manu- 
facturer claims  that  the  unit 
draws  400  mA  in  squeiched  re* 
ceive  and  600  mA  with  full  au- 
dio output  of  2  Watts.  In  the 
transmit  mode,  the  rig  draws  1.3 
A  at  one  Watt  out  and  a  healthy 
4.8  A  for  the  full  25-W  output. 
Icom  suggests  that  a  6-A  sup- 
ply be  used  in  base-station 
applications. 


Design 

Electrically,  the  I025A  ex- 
emplifies solid  design  practice. 
The  transmitter  uses  a  double* 
balanced  mixer  and  variance-re- 
actance  frequency  modulation 
to  generate  t6F3  output.  A  high- 
impedance  dynamic  mike  with 
built-in  touchtone^^  pad  and 
preamplifier  is  provided  as  stan- 
dard equipment.  The  receiver 
employs  a  double-conversion 
superhet  scheme  (i-fs  at  16.9 
MHz  and  455  kHz)  as  we  it  as  a 
MOSFET  rf  amplifier.  A  doubie- 
balanced  mixer,  two  monolithic 
crystal  filters,  and  several 
ceramic  filters  are  provided  to 
improve  setectivity. 

The  most  unusual  aspect  of 
the  IC*25A's  design  is  the  dual 
vfo  system.  The  rig's  heredity 
can  be  seen  clearly  from  its  fre- 
quency control  system,  and 
anyone  who  has  ever  operated 
an  Icom  701,  720,  730,  etc.,  will 
feel  quite  at  home  with  the  IC- 
25A.  At  the  heart  of  the  fre- 
quency-control system  is  a  digi* 
tal  phase-locked  loop  (PLL)  cir- 
cuit that  generates  40-MHz  and 
122-MHz  signals. 

A  rotary  encoder  connected 
directly  to  the  main  tuning  dial 
generates  clock  pulses  for 
up/down  frequency  selection.  A 
4-bit-wide  CPU  chip  running  un- 
der the  control  of  Icom  firmware 
provides  the  smarts.  The  result 
in  an  extremely  flexible  frequen- 
cy-control system  that  allows 
for  continuous  tuning  in  5-kHzor 
15-kH2  steps,  depending  on 
whichof  thetwovfo's  is  chosen. 

About  the  only  feature  left  out 
of  the  IC'25A's  frequency  selec- 
tion system  is  the  ability  to 
memorize  offsets.  As  a  result, 
operator  intervention  is  required 
if  operation  is  desired  on  a  mem- 
ory frequency  with  a  new  split. 

Performance 

The  bottom  line  for  any  piece 
of  mobile  gear  is  its  perfor- 
mance on  the  open  road.  After 
commuting  with  the  IC-25A  for 
more  than  three  months,  1  can 
say  honestly  that  it  is  one  of  the 
friendliest  mobile  figs  I  have 
ever  used.  Of  paramount  Impor* 
tance  m  a  rig  this  size  is  front- 
panel  layout  With  13  controls 
jammed  into  an  11 -square-inch 
area,  the  ergonomics  of  the  lay- 
out had  better  be  good. 

Vfo  and  memory-selection 
channel  switches  are  located 
toward  the  driver,  on  the  left 
side  of  the  front  panel.  The  large 
main  tuning  knob  also  is  skewed 
to  the  left  Volume/on-off  and 


squelch/high-low  power  con^ 
trofs  are  placed  adjacent  to  one 
another  and,  immedlateiy  above 
them,  three  push  switches  pro- 
vide easy  {yet  isolated)  access 
to  scan-width  cor>trol,  simplex/ 
duplex   control,   and   Nor/Rev 

function. 

The  one  inconvenient  place- 
ment on  the  front  panel  is  the 
proximity  of  the  memory-write 
switch  and  the  scan-stop 
switch.  A  problem  often  occurs 
when,  in  an  effort  to  initiate 
scanning,  an  operator  inadver- 
tently depresses  the  memory- 
write  switch.  When  this  hap* 
pens,  an  erroneous  frequency 
(whatever  happens  to  be  in  the 
vfo  at  the  time)  will  be  written  in- 
to one  of  the  memory  channels. 
The  problem  is  further  com- 
pounded by  the  identical  feel  of 
the  switches.  {Mike-scan  control 
is  an  option,  however.) 

Another  front-panel  short- 
coming involves  the  display. 
Aside  from  the  normal  visibility 
problems  inherent  with  red  dis- 
plays operating  in  bright  sun- 
light, the  IC-25A  display  is  diffi- 
cult to  read  because  it  uses  an 
LED  instead  of  a  full  7-segment 
digit  in  the  S-kHz  position.  As  a 
result,  It  can  be  difficult  to  dis^ 
cern  whether  the  frequency  is 
7.37  or  7.375.  There  seems  to  be 
room  on  the  front  paneJ  for  a  full- 
size  4'digit  display,  and  the  rig 
certainly  would  benefit  from  the 
addition  of  a  real  digit  in  the 
5'kHz  position. 

Used  In  conjunction  with  a 
1/4-wave  whip,  the  I025A  was 
able  to  access  any  repealer  it 
heard,  in  fact,  it  often  heard  too 
much.  My  unit  displayed  adja- 
cent-channel interference  on 
strong  signals  (40-60  dB)  15  kHz 
away  from  the  center  of  the 
passband,  resulting  In  cross* 
modulation  of  the  incoming 
audio.  The  problem  seemed 
more  acute  on  the  high  side  of 
the  passband,  indicating  a 
slight  receiver  alignment  irregu- 
larity:  In  any  case,  the  problem, 
though  annoying,  was  apparent 
on(y  on  the  strongest  of  signals. 

With  any  radio  of  this  com- 
plexity and  compactness,  docu- 
mentation is  crucial.  Icom  has 
done  a  laudable  job  In  this  area, 
and  its  efforts  are  by  no  means 
limited  to  the  34*page  owner's 
manual.  An  11 "  by  16 "schemat- 
ic is  included  as  well  as  life^size 
component  overlays  for  each  PC 
board.  When  used  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  comprehensive 
theory^of -operation  section  of 
the  manual,  graphics  like  these 
could  get  hams  once  more  into 

73 Magazine  •  JulyJ982     135 


troubleshooting   and   even   re- 
pairing  their  own  gear, 

Tlie  IC-25A  Is  an  fmpressive 
package  of  performance  and 
features  at  a  very  competitive 
price,  (The  list  price  is  $349.)  Its 
small  size  will  make  it  attractive 
to  owners  of  today's  gas-effi- 
cient micro-cars,  and  as  an  add- 
ed benefit,  when  installed  in- 
dash  like  a  norma!  car  radio,  the 
rig  is  relatively  immune  to  theft. 
If  you  want  big  radio  functions 
fn  a  small  package,  Icom's  new 
IC-25A  is  worth  your  considera- 
tion. 

For  more  Information,  con- 
tact tcom  America,  2112  116th 
A\/e.  NE,  Bellevue  WA  93004. 

Chris  Brown  KA1 D 
Groton  MA 

HEATHKIT  MODEL  VL-USO 
ALL-MODE  VHF  AMPLIFIER 

New  England  is  a  land  of  hilts 
and  valleys;  It's  challenging 
country  for  2-meter  mobile  oper- 
ation, I  discovered  just  how 
challenging  shortly  after  install- 
ing a  10-Watt  rig  in  my  car.  De- 
lighted at  being  able  to  hear  my 
buddies  chatting  on  a  popular 
repeater  some  20  mi Jes  di  stant,  I 
attempted  to  join  the  conversa- 
tion, "Sorry  old  man,  you're  not 
quite  making  the  machine." 
How  humiliating! 

An  amplifier  was  definitely  in 
order.  And  since  my  2-meter  rig 
is  an  all-mode  radio,  I  wanted  an 
amp  suitable  for  SSB  and  CW, 
as  well  as  FM.  The  Heathkit 
VL-1 180  All-Mode  VHF  Amplifier 
had  just  been  announced.  As  a 
long-time  Heathkit  builder,  I 
couldn't  resist- 

Description 

The  VL-1 180  is  a  linear  ampli- 
fier covering  the  144-148-MHz 
range.  It  is  designed  for  use  with 
escciters  providing  between  1 
and  10  Watts  of  drive.  A  Motor- 


Heath  VL-1180  All-Mode  VHF  Ampfifier,  The  amplifier  board  is  on  the  left,  T~R  board  on  the  right. 


ola  MRF-247  transistor  is  used 
as  the  final,  and  the  nominal 
output  is  75  Watts  with  10  Watts 
input.  Insertion  toss  is  0.6  dB. 
The  amplifier  features  a  self* 
contained  transmit-receive  (T-R) 
relay  which  is  keyed  either  by  a 
push-to-talk  line  from  the  exciter 
or  by  the  rf  sensing  circuit  built 
into  the  VL-1 180.  The  amplifier 
operates  on  11,5-15  V  dc  and 
draws  11  Amps  at  75  Watts  out- 
put Standby  current  is  a  mere  3 
mA, 

The  VL^1160  measures  2-1/2 
X  4^5/8  X  10-1/2  inches  and 
weighs  3-1/2  pounds.  A  power 
switch  is  the  only  control  provid- 
ed. The  power  leads  and  T-R 
switching  line  (if  used)  enter  the 
amplifier  by  way  of  a  three-con- 
ductor Molex^-^   plug. 

Except  for  connectors  and 
the  power  switch,  ail  compo- 
nents m  the  VL-1 180  mount  on  a 
pair  of  doubie-sided  printed  cir- 
cuit boards.  The  larger  of  the 
two  holds  the  amplifier  circuitry. 
A  smaller  board  contains  T-R 


REGENCY  SCAfJNERS 

T750Air  169.00         D810  270.00 

D100  159.00         Ml  00  206.00 

D300  209.00  M400  245,00 

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Esornpte:  8  pin— ac:  40  pin— 40c  per  pin  UG  176  Reducef— la's  1,99 

Ham  IV  Rotor-£r65.00  SO  239— 10/$5.S9 

Col  u m bi a  S  Co  n  (2 tf  1 8ffi ft  22) — 1 7(|/Ft,  3  amp  f use— 20/$1 .50 

Columbia  RG  59v  100  foit  shield  TV  lype— 7(t/ft,  GouJd  9V  Ni cad— $4.86 

Berk  Tek  Grey  96%  RG  8X^l4eytl.  Gould  \.2v  500  mAh  A  A  NJcad 

US  made  PL  259—  1  D/$5.50  1 0;$1 4 .  50  1 00.^  1 25.00 


Call  for  Quantity  Quotes 


master  chafige 


Universal  Dist. 
RAYMOND  RICHARD 

RT.  1.BOX26E 
CLERMONT,  FL  32711 


(904)394^2511 
(313)278-8217 


:^165 


switching.  Assembling  the  am- 
plifief  took  five  easy  evenings. 
While  no  insurmountable  prob- 
lems were  encountered,  the  am- 
plifier board  was  a  challenge  in 
one  respect. 

In  order  to  ensure  a  good  con- 
nection between  the  ground 
foils  on  the  top  and  bottom  of 
the  board,  you  are  instructed  to 
install  and  solder  in  place  47  tiny 
rivets.  While  tedious,  this  is  a 
Simple  procedure.  The  rub 
comes  when,  in  six  places,  you 
are  required  to  solder  a  metal- 
cased  mica  capacitor  to  the  cir- 
cuit board,  squarely  on  top  of  a 
rivet  head.  Due  to  the  presence 
of  the  rivet,  It  is  difficult  to  gel 
the  "continuous  bonding"  be- 
tw/een  capacitor  and  PC  foil 
called  for  in  the  manyal.  A  sim- 
ple relocation  of  the  six  offend- 
ing rivet  holes  would  cure  a  mi- 
nor but  aggravating  problem.  As 
with  all  Heathkits,  the  best 
course  is  to  follow  the  instruc^ 
tions  as  ciosely  as  possible. 

With  the  VL  1180  temporarily 
installed  in  my  car,  alignment 
was  a  breeze,  requiring  about  15 
minutes  from  start  to  finish. 
Tune-up  is  accomplished  with  a 
minimum  of  equipment:  a  2-me- 
ter exciter,  an  swr  meter,  and  a 
dummy  load.  Heath  deserves  a 
round  of  applause  for  designing 
an  amplifier  that  Is  so  easy  to 
align;  they  even  supply  the  nec- 
essary alignment  tools.  When 
aligned  at  146  MHz,  the  output 
with  10-W  drive  was  at  least  80 
W  across  the  entire  2-meter 
band.  One  Watt  of  drive  pro- 
duced 9  Watts  out.  Input  swr 
was  less  than  1.5:1  throughout 
the  band. 


The  additional  power  provid- 
ed by  the  VL-1180  has  made  all 
the  difference  in  my  FM  mobile 
operations.  No  more  humiliation 
when  attempting  to  join  the  fun 
on  the  repeater!  The  amplifier 
has  proven  itself  on  SSB  as  well. 
I  have  spent  many  a  Sunday  af- 
ternoon atop  our  local  drive-up 
mountain  talking  to  the  SSB 
boys  on  144.2  MHz,  using  a  por* 
table  five-element  beam. 

After  more  than  six  months  of 
heavy  use,  the  VL-1 180  contin- 
ues to  perform  well  Output  pow- 
er is  unchanged  from  the  origi- 
nal 80  Watts.  The  low  standby 
current  drain  means  that  the 
amplifier  can  be  left  turned  on  at 
ail  times,  unless  the  car  Isn't  go- 
ing to  be  driven  for  weeks  on 
end. 

Summary 

Heath  has  done  a  nice  job  in 
creating  an  all-mode  2-meter  lin- 
ear kit  that  goes  together  with- 
out much  difficulty  and  doesn't 
require  a  sophisticated  test 
bench  to  align.  A  solution  to  the 
rivet  problem  should  be  consid- 
ered, however,  even  if  it's  only  to 
acknowledge  it  in  the  manual 
Ideally,  Heath  should  switch  to 
a  circuit  board  with  plated- 
through  holes. 

The  bottom  line  Is,  that  de- 
spite minor  construction  diffi- 
culties, my  VL-1 180  worked  the 
first  time  out  and  has  worked 
ever  since.  It*s  hard  to  ask  more 
from  any  piece  of  equipment. 
The  VL-1 180  is  priced  at  $137.95 
from  Heath  Company,  Benton 
Harbor  M!  49022.  Reader  Service 
number  475. 

Jeff  DeTray  WB6BTH 
7^  Magazine  Staff 


136     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


mELUTBS 


PHASE  llfB  LAUNCH  DELAYED 

We1t  all  have  a  bit  more  time  to  prepare  for  Phase  HI  sateNite  ac* 
tivify.  The  Eufopean  Space  Agency  (ESA)  has  announced  a  delay  of 
at  least  two  months  in  the  f  tight  that  is  scheduled  to  carry  AMSAT's 
Phase  NIB  satellite.  At  best,  the  launch  will  now  occur  in  late  Sep* 
tember;  rt  was  originally  set  for  July. 

The  problem  is  not  with  the  Phase  NIB  satellite  or  the  Ariane 
launch  vehicle,  but  with  the  design  of  the  satellite  that  is  to  be  the 
main  payload  on  several  Artane  launches.  A  similar  satellite, 
MAREGS'A,  was  launched  in  December  and  hasdevetoped  some  un- 
expected problems.  Until  the  causes  and  cures  for  the  problems  caf> 
be  determined,  the  scheduling  of  the  Phase  IIIB  launch  will  remam 
uncertain. 


TEN-TEC  RIG 

At  the  Dayton  Hamvention  in  late  April.  Ten-Tec  displayed  a  proto- 
type of  a  rig  designed  to  ease  the  average  amateur  into  Phase  III  sat- 
ellite communications,  using  the  Mode  B  (436-144  MHz)  tran- 
sponder. The  new  unit  contains  a  10-W,  435-MHz  CW/SSB  tfansmft- 
ter  and  a  2-to-l0*meter  receive  converter.  Assuming  you  already 
have  10-meter  recetvlr^g  capability,  you  need  only  add  antennas  for 
435  and  144  MHz  to  complete  your  Phase  III  sateirite  station.  Ten- 
Tec  doesn't  plan  to  release  the  rig  until  Phase  IIIB  is  safely  aloft,  i.e., 
sometime  this  fall. 


ORBITAL  CALENDARS 

Project  OSCAR,  a  California-based  group  of  amateur  satellite  en* 
thusiasts,  has  produced  a  comprehensive  calendar  of  orbital  predic- 
tions covering  OSCAR  8  and  all  six  Soviet  RS  satellites.  This  volume 
gives  the  time  and  longitude  of  the  northbound  equatorial  crossing 
for  each  orbit  of  each  satellite  from  May  1  through  December  31, 
1982-  It's  a  must  for  satellite  chasers-  The  calendar  is  available  for 
an  $875  donation.  Your  check  or  money  order  payable  to  Project 
OSCAR,  Inc..  should  be  mailed  to  POB  1136.  Los  Altos  CA  94022:  The 
price  includes  postage. 

Thanks  to  AMSAT  Sateifite  Report  for  some  of  the  preceding  in- 
formation.— WB86TH. 

ORBITAL  INFORMATION 


05CAF  B  Reference  Orbits  "   JuJ.^ 
Dat« 


OSCAR  6  Reference  Orblte  -  August 


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COMMUNICATIONS    DIVISION 


(We  Speak  Your 
Language.) 

Backed  by  over  54  years  of  experience,  Harvey 
continues  to  offer  the  broadest  selection  and  finest 
service  available  for  the  amateur  radio  community. 
This  experience  has  taught  us  that  the  ham  needs 
special  treatment  and  that  is  why  Harvey  has  estab- 
lished a  special  division  dedicated  to  the  needs  of 
the  U.S.  and  foreign  ham  alike. 

One  thing  is  for  certain,  A  ham  will  never  get  the 
run  around  from  Harvey.  If  we  don't  have  something 
in  stock,  we  say  so  and  will  order  it  for  you -or— tell 
you  where  to  get  it.  However,  we  are  sincerely  dedi- 
cated to  the  ham  community  and,  as  a  result,  our 

expansive  in- 
ventory means 
that,  more  than 
likely,  we  will 
have  what  you 
are  looking  for 
In  stock. 


ICOM  tC-720A 


*•/ 


Yaasu  FT-One 


lie  eudh 


r^,. 


flP  POWlfl 


EKHQEI]  Hf  ALL  BAWD  T  HAIiffCKIVEII, 


a  HI 


AGA 

^HS^^^^^B^ 

Atliance 

^Hs^^^9^^3 

Antenna  SpBCiaiists 

^B!SCa!^^^^^^I^3^^H 

^^^^^^^EVV^^^^^^^^Li^^hM^^^^^^^^^BU 

Astron 

K^flp  .^H^BUH 

Bearcat 

H^^^^^^H^I 

Bencher 

^^^^^^^^^BB^^I 

B&W 

Centurion 

K.  0.  K, 

Ritron 

ao.E. 

Larsen 

Russett 

Cushcmft 

McKay  Dymek 

Signais 

R,  L.  Drake 

M.f.J. 

Sine  fair 

Gotham  Antennas 

Midtand 

Jeieit  Hygatn 

Gruntjfg 

X  W.  Miifer 

Triiectrtc 

Henry  Radto 

Mifage 

System  One 

H.M,  Efectrontc$ 

Wm.  M,  Nye 

VoCom 

tcom 

Pace 

W.  S.  Engmeering 

Kantrontcs 

HegBncy 

Yaesu 

CALL  TOLL  FREE: 

1-800-223-2642 


Ask  for  Dou  "Joe' Chin- KB2MU 


129 


25  W.45th  St..  N.Y.,  N.Y.  10036  C212)  921-5920 


^ S*»  List  of  AdvertiSi^fS  On  jmg^  t  M 


JSMagazme  •  JulyJ9a2     137 


^-^*  electrof||c^ 


Introducing 


(602)  242-3037 
(602)  242*8916 

2111  W.  CAMELBACK  ROAD 
PHOENIX,  ARIZONA  85015 


TVRO  CIRCUIT  BOARDS 

Satellite  Receiver  Boards— Now  in  Stock 


DUAL  CONVERSION  BOARD. $25-00 

This  board  provides  conversion  from  the  3.7-4.2  band  first  to 
900  MHz  where  gain  and  bandpass  filtering  are  provided  and, 
second,  to  70  MHz.  The  board  contains  both  local  oscillators, 
one  fixed  and  the  other  variable,  and  the  second  mixer.  Con- 
struction is  greatly  simplified  by  the  use  of  Hybrid  IC  annplifiers 
for  the  gain  stages. 


SIX  47pF  CHIP  CAPACITORS 

For  use  with  dual  conversion  board 


$6.00 


70  MHz  IF  BOARD . $25-00 

This  circuit  provides  about  43dB  gain  with  50  ohm  input  and 
output  Impedance.  It  is  designed  to  drive  the  HOWARD/ 
COLEMAN  TVRO  Demodulator.  The  on-board  bandpass  filter 
can  be  tuned  for  bandwidths  between  20  and  35  MHz  with  a 
passband  fipple  of  less  than  V2  dB,  Hybrid  IC*s  are  used  for 
the  gain  stages. 


SEVEN  .01  pF  CHIP  CAPACITORS 
For  use  with  the  70  MHz  IF  board,  , 


.  $7.00 


DEMODULATOR  BOARD $40.00 

This  circuit  takes  the  70  MHz  center  frequency  satellite  TV  sig- 
nals in  the  10  to  200  millivolt  range,  detects  them  using  a  phase 
locked  loop,  de-emphasizes  and  fitters  the  result  and  ampli- 
fies the  result  to  produce  standard  NTSC  video.  Other  outputs 
include  the  audio  subcarrier,  a  DC  voltage  proportional  to  the 
strength  of  the  70  MHz  signal,  and  AFC  voltage  centered  at 
about  2  volts  DC. 

SINGLE  AUDIO. $15.00 

This  circuit  recovers  the  audio  signals  from  the  6,8  MHz  fre- 
quency. The  Miller  9051  coils  are  tuned  to  pass  the  6.8  MHz 
subcarrier  and  the  Miller  9052  coil  tunes  for  recovery  of 
the  audio, 

DUAL  AUDIO ,.,...... ....  .$25.00 

Duplicate  of  the  single  audio  but  aEso  covers  the  6.2  range. 

DC  CONTROL. $15.00 

SPECIAL  SET  OF  FIVE  BOARDS. .$100.00 

INCLUDING  DUAL  AUDIO  (2  single  audio  boards) 


1900  to  2500  MHz  MICROWAVE  DOWNCONVERTER 

MICROWAVE  RECEIVER  This  receiver  is  tunable  over  a  range  of  1900  to  2500  MHz  approximately,  and 
is  interrded  for  amateur  use.  The  local  oscillator  is  voltage  controlled,  making  the  I.F.  range  approximate- 
ly 54  to  88  MHz  for  standard  TV  set  channels  2  thru  7. 

P.C.  BOARD  with  DATA         1to5     $15.00         6to11     $13.00         12to26         $11.00         27-up     $9.00 

P.C.  Board  with  all  parts  for  assembly $49.99     P.C.  Board  with  all  chip  caps  soldered  on. .  .$30.00 

P.C.  Board  with  all  parts  for  assembly  P.C.  Board  assembled  &  tested $69.99 

plus  2N6603 $69.99     P.C.  Board  assembled  &  tested  with  2N6603$79.99 

HMR II  DOWNCONVERTER  with  Power  Supply,  Antenna  (Dish)  &  all  Cables  for  instatlation.  180  Day  Warranty. 

1to5         $150.00  6  to  11         $140.00  12 -up         $125.00 

YAGl  DOWNCONVERTER  with  Power  Supply,  Antenna  (Yagi)  &  all  Cables  for  installation.  90  Day  Warranty. 

1to5         $150.00  6  to  11         $140.00  12 -up         $125.00 

YAGI  DOWNCONVERTER  as  above  but  Kit.  (NO  GABLES)  With  Box. 

1to5        $125.00  6  to  11         $115.00  12 -up         $100.00 

HMR  II  DOWNCONVERTER  as  above  but  Kit.  (NO  CABLES)  With  PVC. 

1to5        $125.00  6  to  11         $115.00  12- up        $100.00 


SPECIAL  NEW  STOCK  OF  CARBIDE  DRILL  BITS— YOUR  CHOICE  $1.99 


1 

SPECIAL  NEV 

1.25rMm 

13/64 

1.45mm 

19 

3.2mm 

20 

3.3mm 

24 

1/8 

26 

3/16 

29 

5/32 

30 

7/32 

31 

36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
44 
^5 
46 


47 
48 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 


55 
56 
57 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 


63 
64 
65 
67 
68 
69 


138     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


start  taking  calls  in  curious  places  with  the 
revolutionary,  new  Cordless  (o&coM    Phone 

Special  Purchase— The  t^^^^/'"  Cordless  Telephone! 

We  are  pleased  to  announce  the  Escort  Mark  III  is  now  available 
at  special  pricing.  We  bought  the  manufacturer's  entire  inventory- 

and  we  are  passing  the  savings  on  to  you! 

The  Escort  Mark  m  was  originally  designed  to  retail  for  $199.95.  Now,  we 

suggest  a  retail  price  of  $169.95  to  $189.95.  Or,  you  can  move  them 

out  at  $149.95.  In  any  event,  youMl  like  the  profit  margins. 


QUANTITY 

1 — 2  units 

3 — 5  units 

6—11  units 

12—23  units 


DEALER  PRICE 

69.75  each 
64.50  each 
62.50  each 
60.75  each 


GROSS  PROFIT  A  T  $149, 95 

55% 
57% 
58% 
59% 


On  all  orders  of  12  or  more,  we  pay  the  freight!  This  is  your  opportunity 
to  stock  up  for  the  Christmas  buying  season.  These  are  ideal  gift 

items,  that  will  really  move  out! 


ESCORT  MARK  III  SPECIFICATIONS 


VHF  DUPLEXERS 

This  duplexer  was  made  for  RF  Harris  Mobile 
Phones  and  Two  Way  Radios.  These  duplex- 
ers  can  be  used  in  any  mobile  phone  or  two 
way  radio  system,  along  with  having  the  ca- 
pabilities to  be  modiited  lor  UHF  use.  The 
physical  dimensions  are  3  3/5*  Long,  4  2/5" 
Wide,  and  1  1/10"  Deep.  The  approximate 
weight  is  18oz./1  lb.  2  oz..  PRICE  $74.99 


»» 


>fr 


#'^ 


i  M 


^i«i. 


^ 


€P 


I 


Operates  as  a  regular  telephone  on  touch-tone  or 
rotary  dial  systems 

Range  up  to  300  feet 

Ni-Cad  rechargeable  batteries  Included 
in  telephone 

Charger  built  into  base  transmitter 

Simple  plug-in  instaltation! 

High-performance  antenna 

Full  duplex,  answer  and  dial  out 

Full  FCC  approval 

Exactly  As  Shown 


HOW  WE  CUT  THE  CORD. 

The  new  Cordless  Phone 
works  on  a  simple, 
highly  sophisticated  principle. 
A  small  base  station  plugs  into 
your  regular  phone  jack,  and 
an  electrical  wall  outlet,    The 
base  station  then  transmits 
any  in-  or  out-going  call  to  the 
handheld  receiver,  anywhere 
up  to  300  feet- 


yi^^MSsf-MHA^. 


Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


^*^ilz  e1ectroi|ic§ 


73  Magazine  *  July,  1982     139 


"FILTERS" 


Collins  Mechanical  Filter  #526-9724-010  Model  F455Z32F 
455KH2  at  3. ZKHz  Wide. 


$15.00 


Atlas  Crystal   Filters 

5.52-2.7/8  5.52MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole 

5.595MHz/2.7KHz  wide  8  pole  upper  sideband 
5.595KHz/.500KHz  wide  4  pole  CW 
5.595MHz/2.7KH2  wide  8  pole  lower  sideband 
5.595MHz/2,7KH2  wide  8  pole  upper  sideband 
5.645MHZ/2.7KHZ  wide  8  pole 
g.OMHz/  8  pole  sideband  and  CW 


5.595-2.7/8/U 

5.595-.500/4/CW 

5.595-2.7/LSB 

5.595-2.7/USB 

5.645-2.7/B 

9.0SB/CW 


Your  Choice 
$12.99 


Kokusai  Electric  Co.  Mechanical  Filter  #MF-455-ZL-21H 

455KHZ  at  Center  Frequency  of  453. 5Kc  Carrier  Frequency  of  455Kc  2.36Kc  Bandwidth 


$15.00 


Crystal   Filters 
Nikko  FX-07800C 

TEW  FEC-103-2 

Tyco/CD  001019880 


Motorola 

4884863B01 

PTI 

535QC 

PTI 

5426C 

CD 

A10300 

7 . 8HHz 

10.5935 

10.7MH2  2  pole  15KHz  Bw.  Motorola  #48D84396K01 

Thru  #48DB4396K05 

11.7MHz  2  pole  15KHZ  Bandwidth 

12MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

21.4MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth 

45MHz  2  pole  15KHz  Bandwidth  (For  Motorola 

Communications  equipment} 


10.00 
10.00 

4.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.00 

5.00 


Ceramic  Filters 


Murata 

BFB455B 

455KHZ 

CFM455E 

455KHZ  +- 

5.5KHZ 

CFM455D 

455KHZ  +- 

7  KHz 

CFR455E 

455KHZ  +- 

5.5KHZ 

CFU455E 

455KHZ  +- 

1.5KHZ 

CFU455G 

455KHZ  +- 

IKHz 

CFW455D 

455KHZ  +- 

IKHz 

CFW455H 

455KHZ  +- 

3  KHz 

SFB455D 

455KHZ 

SFE10.7 

10.7MHz 

SFG10.7MA 

10.7MH2 

Clevite 

TO-OIA 

455KHZ 

T0-02A 

455KHZ 

Nippon 

LF-B4/CFU455I 

455KHZ  +- 

IKHz 

LF-B6/CFU455H 

455KHZ  +- 

IKHz 

LF-C18 

455KHZ 

Tokin 

CF455A/BFU455K 

4 55 KHz  +- 

ZKHz 

Matsushira 

EFC-L455K 

455KHZ 

ROTRON  MUFFIN  FANS  Model  Mar 

k  4/MU2A1 

d         ■   J 

$  2.40 
6.65 
6.65 
B.OO 
2.90 
2.90 
2,90 
4.35 
2.40 
2.67 
10.00 
5.00 
5.00 
5.80 
5.80 
10,00 
4,80 
7.00 


These  fans  are  new  factory  boxed  115vac  at  14watts  50/60cps 
CFM  is  38  at  50cps  and  105  at  60cps. 


Impedance  Protected-F 


$  7.99 


SPECTRA  PHYSICS  INC.  Model  088  HeNe  Laser  Tubes. 

Power  output  l.Bmw.     Beam  Dia.  .75mm.    Beam  Dir.  2.7mr.    8Kv  starting  voltage 

68K  ohm  Iwatt  ballast    lOOOvdc  +-100vdc    3.7ma.     TUBES  ARE  NEW  $59.99 


140     73Magazine  •  July,  1982 


"AMPLIFIERS" 


AVANTEK  LOW  NOISE  AMPLIFIERS 


Models 

UTC2-I02M 

AP-20-T 

AL-45-0-1 

Frequency'  Range 

30  to  200MC 

200  to  400MC 

450  to  800MC 

Noise  Figure 

1.5dB 

6.5dB 

7dB 

Voltage 

+15vdc 

+24vdc 

-6vdc  @  +12vd 

Gain 

29dB 

30dB 

30dB 

Power  Output 

IdB  Gain  +7dBm 

IdB  Gain  +20dBm 

IdB  Gain  -5dB 

Price 

$49.99 

$49.99 

$49.99 

AK-IQOOM 

500  to  lOOOMC 

2.5dB 

+12vdc  @  -12vdc 

25dB 

IdB  Gain  +8dBm 

$69.99 


Mini  Circuits  Double  Balanced  Mixers 


Model  RAY-3 

Very  High  Level  (+23dBm  LO)  70KHz  to  200MHz  L0,RF,DC  to  200MHz  IF 

Conversion  Loss,dB  One  Octave  From  Band  Edge  6Typ./7.5Max.  Total  Range  5.5Typ./8Max. 

Isolation, dB  Lower  Band  Edge  To  One  Decade  Higher  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   55Typ./45Min.  Mid.  Range 

(LO-RF/LO-IF)   40Typ./30Min.   Upper  Band  Edge  To  One  Octave  Lower  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   SOTyp./ 

25Min. 

Price  $24.99 

Model  TSM-3 

Standard  Level  (+7dBin  LO)  ,lMHz  to  400MHz  LO,RF,DC  to  400MHz  IF 

Conversion  Loss,dB  One  Octave  From  Band  Edge  5.3Typ./7-5Mdx,  Total  Range  5.5Typ./8-5r4ax. 

Isolation, dB  Lower  Band  Edge  To  One  Decade  Higher  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   60Typ./50Min.  Mid.  Range 

(LO-RF/LO-IF)   SOTyp. /35Min,   Upper  Band  Edge  To  One  Octave  Lower  (LO-RF/LO-IF)   35TYP,/ 

25Min. 

Price  $11.99 


Hewlett  Packard  Linear  Power  Microwave  RF  Transistor  HXTR5401/35831E 


Collector  Base  Brakedown  Voltage  at  Ic=100ua 
Collector  Emitter  Brakedown  Voltage  at  Ic=500ua 
Collector  Cutoff  Current  at  Vcb=15v 
Forward  Current  Transfer  Ratio  at  Vce=15v5lc=15m3 
Transducer  Power  Gain  at  V€e=18v,Ice=60md5F=26Hz- 
Maximum  Available  Gain  at  Vce=18v Jc=60ina,F=lGHz/F=2GHz 
Price  $29.99 


35volts  min, 
30volts  min. 
lOOua  max. 
15min540typ*125max 
3dBmin,4dBtyp 
14dB  typ,SdB  typ 


Motorola  RF  Power  Amplifier  Modules 

■ — — — ^ 1     ^ ' ■! 


Model 

MHW612A 

MHW613A 

MHW710 

MHW720 

Frequency  Range 

146  to  147MHz 

150  to  174MHz 

400  to  512MH2 

400  to  470MHz 

Voltage 

12.5vdc 

12.5vdc 

12. 5vdc 

12.5vdc 

Output  Power 

20watts 

SOwatts 

ISwatts 

20watts 

Minimum  Gain 

20dB 

20dB 

19.4dB 

21dB 

Harmonics 

-30dB 

-30dB 

40dB 

40dB 

RF  Input  Power 

400inw 

SOOmw 

250II1W 

250mw 

Price 

$57.50 

$59.80 

$57.50 

$69.00 

Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


(f\I^I^  electrof|ie$ 


73  Magazine  *  July,  1982     141 


"TRANSISTORS" 


WATKINS  JOHNSON  WJ-M62  3.7  to  4.2GHz  Communication  Band  Double  Balanced  Mixer 


$100.00 


SSB  Conversion  Loss  4.9dB  Typ. 

5.5dB  Typ. 


SSB  Noise  Fiqure 


Isolation 

fL  at 

a  at 


4.9dB  Typ. 
5.5dB  Typ. 


6dB  Max.  fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz 
6.5dB  Max.  fl  DC  to  1125MH2  fL  fR 

fl  880MHz  fL  fR 
fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz 
6dB  Max.   fl  30  to  1125HHz  fL  fR 
6.5dB  Max.  fl  880MHz  fL  fR 


R      30dB  Min.  40dB 

I      25dB  Min.  30dB 

20dB  Min.  30dB 

l5dB  Min.  25dB 

Conversion  Compression   IdB  Max. 

Flatness 


Typ.  fL  2.8  to  5.35GHz 

Typ.  fl  4.5  to  5.35GHz 

Typ.  fL  3.6  to  4.5GHz 

Typ.  fL  2.8  to  3.6GHz 


fR  Level  +2dBm 
.2dB  Peak  to  Peak  Over  any  40MHz  Segment  of  fR=3.7  to  4.2GHz 
Third  Order  Input  Intercept  +lldBm  fRl=4GHz  fR2=4.01GHz  Both  at  -5dBm  a=4.5GHz 

Group  Time  Delay         .5ns  Typ.    .75ns  Max.   fR3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL  34B0MHZ  9  +13dBm 


VSWR 


L-Port 
R-Port 

I -Port 


1.25:1 


1.25 
1.4 

1.5 

1,3 
1.8 


1 

1 
1 
1 
1 


Typ. 
Typ. 

Typ. 
Typ. 

Typ. 
Typ. 


2 
2 
2 
2 
2 


0 
0 

0 
0 
0 


2.5 


1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 


fL  2.8  to  5.35GHz 

fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz  fl  fR 

fR  3.7  to  4.2GHz  fL  fR 

fI=100MHz 
fl=500MHz 
fI=1125MHz 


SGS/ATES  RF  Transistors 

Motorola  RF  Transistor 

Type. 

BFQ85 

BFW92 

MRF901 

2N6603 

Collector  Base  V 

20v 

25v 

25v 

25v 

Collector  Emitter 

V  15v 

15v 

15v 

15v 

Emitter  Base  V 

3v 

2.5v 

3v 

3v 

Collector  Current 

40ma 

25ma 

30ma 

30ma 

Power  Dissipation 

200mw 

190mw 

375Tnw 

400mw 

HFE 

40min,  200max. 

20min.  150max. 

30min.  200max. 

30min.  200max. 

FT 

4GHZ  tnin.  5GHz 

max 

.1.6GHz  Typ. 

4.5GHz  typ. 

2GHz  min. 

Noise  Fiqure 

IGHz  3dB  Max. 

500MHz  4dB  Typ. 

IGHz  2dB  Typ. 

2GHz  2.9dB  Typ. 

Price 

$1.50 

$1.50 

$2.00 

$10.00 

National  Semiconductor  Variable  Vol 

tag 

e  Regulator  Sale 

! !  M  r  1 !  M 

LM317K 

LM350K 

LM723G/L 

LM7805/a6/Q8/ 12/15/18/24 

1.2  to  37vdc 

1.2  to  33vdc 

2  to  37vdc 

5,  6,  8,12, 

,l5,l8,24vdc 

l.SAmps 

3Amps 

150ma. 

lAmp 

TO -3 

TO- 3 

TO-lOO/TO-116 

T0-220/T0-3 

$4.50 

$5.75 

$1.00  $1.25 

$1.17  $2.00 

P  &  B  Solid  State  Relays  Type  ECT1DB72 


*May  Be  Other  Brand  Equivalent 

Toll  Free  Number 
600-528-01 80 
(For  orders  only) 


5VDC  Turn  On  120VAC  Contact  7Anips 

20Amps  on  10"xl0"x.062"  Alum.Heatsink  with 
Silicon  Grease  $5.00 


(f\I^l^  elect roi|ic$ 


142     73  Magazine  *  JufyJW2 


"MIXERS" 


WATKINS  JOHNSON  WJ-M6  Double  Balanced  Mixer 


LO  and  RF  0.2  to  300MHz 
Conversion  Loss  (SSB) 

Noise  Figure  (SSB) 

Conversion  Compression 


IF  DC  to  300MHz 
6.5dB  Max.  1  to  50MHz 
8.5dB  Max.  .2  to  300MHz 
same  as  above 
S.5dB  Max.  50  to  300MHz 
.3dB  Typ. 


$21.00 


WITH  DATA  SHEET 


NEC  (NIPPON  ELECTRIC  CO.  LTD. 


NF  Min  F=2GHz 
F=3GHz 
F=4GHz 


dB  2.4  Typ. 
dB  3,4  Typ. 
dB  4.3  Typ. 


NE57835/2SC2150  Microwave  Transistor 

MAG 


F=2GH2 
F=3GHz 
F=4GHz 


dB 
dB 
dB 


12  Typ. 
9  Typ. 

6.5  Typ 


$5,30 


Ft  Gain  Bandwidth  Product  at  Vce=8v,  Ic=10fna,   GHz  4  Min. 
Vcbo    25v    Vceo    llv    Vebo    3v    Ic   50ma.  Pt. 


6  Typ. 
250niw 


UNELCQ  RF  Power  and  Linear  Amplifier  Capacitors 

These  are  the  famous  capacitors  used  by  all  the  RF  Power  and  Linear  Amplifier  manufacutures 
and  described  in  the  Motorola  RF  Data  Book. 


lOpf 
13pf 
14pf 
20pf 


22pf 
25pf 
27pf 
27.5pf 


30pf 
32pf 
33pf 
34pf 


40pf 
43pf 
62pf 
80pf 


lOOpf 
120pf 
180pf 
200pf 


250pf   1  to  lOpcs.  .&0i   each 

82Qpf   11  to  50pcs.   .50(i  each 

51  to  lOOpcs.  .40^  each 


NIPPON  ELECTRIC  COMPANY  TUNNEL  DIODES 


Peak  Pt.  Current  ma. 
Valley  Pt.  Current  ma. 
Peak  Pt.  Voltage  mv. 
Projected  Peak  Pt.  Voltage  mv. 
Series  Res.  Ohms 
Terminal  Cap.  pf. 
Valley  Pt.  Voltage  mv. 


Iv 

Vp 

Vpp  Vf=Ip 

rS 

vv 


MODEL  1S2199 
9min*  lOTyp*  Umax. 
1.2Typ,  1.5max, 
95Typ.  120max. 
480i?iin,  550Typ.  530max 
2,5Typ,  4max, 
l,7Typ.  2max* 
370Typ. 


1S2200       ^ 

9min,    lOTyp,    Umax. 

l-2Typ,    1.5max. 

75Typ,    90rT]ax, 

440min.  520Typ,  BOOmax 

2Typ.  3max. 

5Typ.  Smax. 

350Typ, 


FAIRCHILD  /  DUMONT  Oscinoscope  Probes  Model  4290B 

Input  Impedance  10  meg..  Input  Capacity  6,5  to  12pf . ,  Division  Ration  (Volts/Div  Factor) 

10:1,  Cable  Length  4Ft.  ,  Frequency  Range  Over  lOOMHz. 

These  Probes  will  work  on  all  Tektronix,  Hewlett  Packard,  and  other  Oscilloscopes. 

PRICE   $45.00 


MOTOROLA  RF  DATA  BOOK 


List  all  Motorola  RF  Transistors  /  RF  Power  Amplifiers,  Varactor  Diodes  and  much  much 
more. 


PRICE   $7.50 


TofI  Free  Number 
600-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


(fVfl^  electroiycg 


73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     143 


"SOCKETS  AND  CHIMNEYS" 


EIMAC  TUBE  SOCKETS  AND  CHIMNEYS 


SKllO 

Socket 

SK406 

Chimney 

SK416 

Chimney 

SK500 

Socket 

SK506 

Chimney 

SK600 

Socket 

SK602 

Socket 

SK606 

Chimney 

SK607 

Socket 

SK610 

Socket 

SK620 

Socket 

SK620A 

Socket 

JOHNSON 

TUBE  SOCKETS 

$  POR 
35.00 
22 


330 
47 
39 
56 
8 
43 
44 
45 
50 


00 
00 
00 
50 
00 
80 
00 
00 
00 
50 


SK626 

Chimney 

SK630 

Socket 

SK636B 

Chimney 

SK640 

Socket 

SK646 

Chimney 

SK711A 

Socket 

SK740 

Socket 

SK770 

Socket 

SK800A 

Socket 

SK806 

Chimney 

SK900 

Socket 

SK906 

Chimney 

$  7.70 
45.00 
26.40 
27.50 
55.00 

192.50 
66.00 
66.00 

150.00 
30.80 

253.00 
44.00 


124-115-2/SK620A  Socket 
124-116/SK630A      Socket 


$  30.00 
40.00 


124-113    Bypass  Cap. 
122-0275-001  Socket 
(For  4-250A,4-400A,3-400Z, 
3-500Z) 


$   10.00 

10.00 
2/$15.00 


CHIP  CAPACITORS 

.8pf 

ipf 
l.lpf 

1.4pf 

1.5pf 

1.8pf 

2.2pf 

2.7pf 

3.3pf 

3.6pf 

3.9pf 

4.7pf 

5.6pf 

6,Bpf 

8.2pf 


PRICES: 


I  to  10  - 

II  to  50  - 
51  to  100 


lOpf 
12pf 
15pf 
IBpf 
20pf 
22pf 
24pf 
27pf 
33pf 
39pf 
47  pf 
51pf 
56pf 
68pf 
82pf 

.99i 
.90(t 
.80(t 


lOOpf* 

llOpf 

120pf 

130pf 

150pf 

160pf 

IBOpf 

200pf 

220pf* 

240pf 

270pf 

300pf 

330pf 

360pf 

390pf 


430pf 
470pf 
510pf 


620pf 

680pf 

820pf 

lOOOpf/.OOluf* 

1800pf/.0018iif 

2700pf/.0027iif 

10,000pf/.01uf 

12,000pf/.012uf 

15,000pf/.015uf 

18,000pf/.018uf 


101  to  1000  .60i 
1001  &  UP    .35(t 


*  IS  A  SPECIAL  PRICE: 


10  for  $7.50 
100  for  $65.00 
1000  for  $350.00 


WATKINS  JOHNSON  WJ-V907:  Voltage  Controlled  Microwave  Oscillator 


$110.00 


Frequency  range  3.6  to  4.2GHz,  Power  ouput,  Min.  lOdBm  typical,  8dBm  Guaranteed. 
Spurious  output  suppression  Harmonic  (nfo),  min.  20dB  typical,  In-Band  Non-Harmonic,  min. 
60dB  typical,  Residual  FM,  pk  to  pk,  Max.  5KH2,  pushing  factor.  Max.  8KH2/V,  Pulling  figure 
(1.5:1  VSWR),  Max.  6OMH2,  Tuning  voltage  range  +1  to  +15voUs,  Tuning  current,  Max.  -0.1mA, 
TTiodulation  sensitivity  range,  Max.  120  to  30MHz/V,  Input  capacitance,  Max.  lOOpf,  Oscillator 
Bias  +15  +-0.05  volts  i?  55mA,  Max. 


Toll  Free  Number 
800-528-01 80 
(For  orders  only) 


(^^l|z  elect roi|ics 


144     73Magazfne  •  July,  1982 


6i 


TUBES" 


TUBES 

2E26 

2K28 

3B2S 

3-500Z 

3-1000Z/8164 

3CX1000A/8283 

3X2500A3 

4-65A/8165 

4-125A/4D21 

4-250A/5D22 

4-400A/8438 

4-400C/6775 

4-1000A/8166 

4CS250R 

4X150A/7034 

4X150D/7035 

4X150G 

4X250B 

4CX250B/7203 

4CX250F/72O4 

4CX250FG/8621 

4CX250K/8245 

4CX250R/7580W 

4CX300A 

4CX350A/8321 

4CX350FJ/8904 

4X500A 

4CX600J 

4CX1000A/8168 

4CX1500B/8660 

4CX3000A/816g 

4CX5000A/8170 

4CX10000D/8I71 

4CX15000A/8281 

4E27/A/5-123A/B 

4PR60A 

4PR60B/8252 

KT88 

DX362 

DX415 

572B/T160L 

811 

81  lA 

812A 

813 

4624 

4665 

555  lA 

5563A 

5675 


PRICE 

$  4.69 

100.00 

5.00 

102.00 

300.00 

200.00 

200.00 

45.00 

58.00 

68.00 

71.00 

80.00 

300.00 

59.00 

30.00 

40.00 

50.00 

30.00 

45.00 

45.00 

55.00 

100.00 

69.00 

99.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

300.00 

300 . 00 

300.00 

300.00 

400.00 

500.00 

700.00 

40.00 

100.00 

175.00 

15.00 

35,00 

35.00 

44.00 

10.00 

13.00 

15.00 

38.00 

100.00 

350.00 

100.00 

77.00 

15.00 


TUBES 


PRICE 


TUBES 


PRICE 


5721 

$200.00 

8462 

$100.00 

5768 

85.00 

8505A 

73.50 

5836 

100.00 

8533W 

92.00 

5837 

100.00 

8560A 

55.00 

5861/EC55 

110.00 

8560AS 

57.00 

587  6A 

15.00 

8608 

34.00 

5881/6L6 

5.00 

8624 

67.20 

5894/A 

45.00 

8637 

38.00 

5894B 

55.00 

8647 

123.00 

6080 

10.00 

8737/5894B 

55.10 

6083/AX9909 

89.00 

8807 

1000.00 

6098/6AK6 

14, 00 

8873 

260.00 

6115/A 

100.00 

8874 

260 . 00 

6146 

6.00 

8875 

260.00 

6146A 

6.50 

8877 

533.00 

6146B/8298A 

7.50 

8908 

12.00 

6146W 

14.00 

8916 

1500.00 

6159 

11.00 

8930/X651Z 

45.00 

6161 

70.00 
125.00 

8950 

10.00 

6291 

6293 

20.00 

6BK4C 

5.00 

6360 

4.00 

6DQ5 

4.00 

6524 

53.00 

6FW5 

5.00 

6550 

7.00 

5GE5 

5. 00 

6562/6794A 

25.00 

6GJ5 

5.00 

6693 

110,00 

6HS5 

5.00 

6816 

58.00 

5JB5/6HE5 

5.00 

6832 

22.00 

5JB6A 

5.00 

6883/8032A/8552 

7.00 

6JM6 

5.00 

6884 

46.00 

6JN6 

5.00 

6897 

110.00 

6JS6B 

5.00 

6900 

35.00 

5JT5A 

5.00 

6907 

55.00 

5KD5 

5.00 

6939 

15.00 

6K66/EL505 

5.50 

7094 

75.00 

6KM6 

5.00 

7117 

17.00 

6KN6 

5.00 

7211 

60.00 

6LF6 

6.00 

7289/3CX100A5 

34.00 

6106 

6.00 

7360 

11.00 

6LU8 

5.00 

7377 

67.00 

6LX6 

5.00 

7486 

75.00 

6ME6 

5.00 

7650 

250.00 

12JB6A 

6.00 

7843 

58.00 

"WE  ARE  ALSO 

LOOKING  FO 

7868 
7984 

4.00 
12.00 

TUBES  NEW/USED  ECT." 

8072 

55.00 

WE  BUY  SELL 

OR  TRADE 

8121 

50.00 

8122 

85.00 

8236 

30.00 

8295/PL172 

300.00 

NOTICE  ALL  PRICES  ARE  SUBJECT  TO  CHANGE  WITHOUT  NOTICE  I ! ! !  1! ! ! !  i ! ! ! !! !! 1 ! ! ! ! ! !! I ! 111! ! !  1 ! ! 


Toll  Free  Number 

800-528-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


(f|\I^^I|z  electrof|ics 


73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     145 


Jf^ 


TEKTRONIX  OSCILLOSCOPES 

MODEL  453  Porlablft  50  MHz 

DuaJ  Trace. 

MODEL  453A  Portable  60  MHz 
Dual  Trace, 

MODEL  154  Portable  150  MHz 
Dual  Trace. 

MODEL  454 A  Portable  150  MHz 
Dual  Trace, 

MODEL  4S5  Portable  50  MHz 

Dual  Trace. 

MODEL  475  Portable  ZOO  MHz 
Dual  Trace 

MODEL  475A  Portable  250  MHz 
DuaJ  Trace. 

MODEL  7514  Storage  Oscilloscope 
with  a  7A15A  and  a  7A16AN  11  Amplifier 
and  a  7 B50 Time  Base 

MODEL  57? D1  Storage  Curve  Tracer 
with  a  1 77  adapter^ 

MODEL  577D2  Curve  Tracer 
with  a  177  adapter 

Tektronix  Lab  Cart  Model  3 


PRICE 
SI  200.00 

$1 400.00 
SI  800,00 
S20D0.0O 
S  1800.00 
$2640,00 
$2940.00 

S35O0.0O 

$3233,00 

$2796.00 
$316.00 


S  650.50 

%  475.50 
PRICE 

S  675.00 
$  750.00 
$1000.00 
$  900.00 
$1000.00 

$  495.00 
$  775.00 
$  79S.0O 
$  375.00 

$1500-00 


MODEL  547  50  MHz  Bench  Scope. 

WithaiAl  Dual  Trace. 

With  a  1A2  Dual  Trace. 

With  a  VA4  Quad  Trace 

With  a  1A5  Differential. 

With  a  lA6Differen.tiai 

or  with  1  of  each  above. 

MODEL  545  30  MHz  Bench  Scope 

with  a  CA  Dual  Trace. 

MODEL  545A  30  MHz  Bench  Scope 
with  aCA  DuaJ Trace. 


$  722.50 

$  637.50 

$  872.50 

$  722.50 

$  612,50 
$1667.50 

$  412.50 

$  437.50 


MODEL  544  50  MHz  Bench  Scope 
With  a  CA  Dual  Trace 

MODEL  543 A  33  MHz  Bench  Scope 

withaCA  Dual  Trace 

HEWLETT  PACKARD  OSCILLOSCOPES 

MODEL  IdOA  Main  Frame, 

MODEL  laOE  Main  Frame. 

MODEL  181A  Mail*  Frame. 

MODEL  ia2A  Mair>  Frame. 

MODEL  183A  Main  Frame. 

MODEL  180  SERIES  PLUG-IMS 
1801 A  Dual  Trace  50  MHz. 

l803ADjfferer}tial. 

1804 A  Quad  Trace  50  MHz 

1807ADualTrac.e50MHz 

1815ATDR/Sarnpler  with  a  1616A  DC  to  4 
GHz. 

1821 A  Time  Base  &  Delay  Generator. 

1822A  Time  Base  S.  Delay  Gerierator. 

1B31A  Direct  AccessSOO  MHz/ 

ia40A  Time  Base  &  Deiay  Generalor. ' 

1841 A  Time  Base  &  Delay  Geinerator,* 
■For  183A  Only.  IMhN! 

TELEQUIPMENT  MODEL  D83  Oscilloscope 

Dual  Trace  Portaoie  50  MHz.  Witti  a  V4  and  S2A  Plug-In 

DUMONT  MODEL  1062  OscJHoscope 

Dual  Trace  65  MHz  portabie. 

TEKTRONIX 

MODEL  RM565  Dual  Beam  Oscilloscope 

10  MH?  with  a  3A6  Dual  Tface  and  a  3A72  Dual  Trace.  $1107.50 

MODEL  549  Storage  Oscilloscope 

Bench  50  MHz  with  a  CA  Dual  Trace  $1000.00 

MODEL  647A  Oscilloecope 

Bench  100  MHz  with  a  10A2  Dual  Trace 

and  a  1 1 82 A  Time  Base,  Si  200.00 


1 


s 
s 

$ 
s 
$ 


495.00 
525.00 
200.00 
450.00 
875.00 


$1200.00 


$  7S0.O0 


ORDERING  INSTRUCTIONS 
DEFECTIVE  MATERIAL:  All  claims  for  defective  material  must  be  made  within  sixty  (60)  days  after  receipt  of 
parcel.  All  claims  must  include  the  defective  material  (for  testing  purposes),  our  invoice  number,  and  the  date 
of  purchase.  All  returns  must  be  packed  properly  or  it  will  void  all  warranties. 

DELIVERY:  Orders  are  normally  shipped  within  48  hours  after  receipt  of  customer's  order.  If  a  part  has  to  be 
backordered  the  customer  is  notified,  Our  normal  shipping  method  is  via  First  Class  Mail  or  UPS  depending  on 
size  and  weight  of  the  package.  On  test  equipment  it  is  by  Air  only,  FOB  shipping  point. 

FOREIGN  ORDERS:  AH  foreign  orders  must  be  prepaid  with  cashier's  check  or  money  order  made  out  in  U.S. 
Funds,  We  are  sorry  but  C.O.D.  is  not  available  to  foreign  countries  and  Letters  of  Credit  are  not  an  acceptable 
form  of  payment  either.  Further  information  is  available  on  request. 

HOURS:  Monday  thru  Saturday:  8:30  a.m.  to  5:00  p.m. 

INSURANCE:  Please  include  25^  for  each  additional  $100.00  over  $100.00,  United  Parcel  only. 

ORDER  FORMS:  New  order  forms  are  included  with  each  order  for  your  convenience.  Additional  forms  are 
available  on  request. 

POSTAGE:  Minimum  shipping  and  handling  in  the  US^  Canada,  and  Mexico  is  $2.50  ail  other  countries  is  $5.00. 
On  foreign  orders  include  20%  shipping  and  handling. 

PREPAID  ORDERS:  Order  must  be  accompanied  by  a  check. 

PRICES:  Prices  are  subject  to  change  without  notice. 

RESTOCK  CHARGE:  If  parts  are  returned  to  MHZ  Electronics  due  to  customer  error,  customer  will  be  held 
responsible  for  all  extra  fees,  will  be  charged  a  15%  restocking  fee,  with  the  remainder  in  credit  only.  All  returns 
must  have  approval. 

SALES  TAX:  Arizona  must  add  5%  sales  tax,  unless  a  signed  Arizona  resale  tax  card  is  currently  on  file  with 
MHZ  Electronics.  All  orders  placed  by  persons  outside  of  Arizona,  but  delivered  to  persons  in  Arizona  are  sub- 
ject to  the  5%  sales  tax. 

SHORTAGE  OR  DAMAGE:  All  claims  for  shortages  or  damages  must  be  made  within  5  days  after  receipt  of 
parcel,  Claims  must  include  our  invoice  number  and  the  date  of  purchase-  Customers  which  do  not  notify  us 
within  this  time  period  will  be  held  responsible  for  the  entire  order  as  we  will  consider  the  order  complete. 

OUR  800  NUMBER  IS  STRICTLY  FOR  ORDERS  ONLY 
NO  INFORMATION  WILL  BE  GIVEN.  1-800-528-0180. 


146     73Magaiine  •  July,  1982 


FAIRCHILD 

9SH90OC 
95H91DC 
11C90DC 
1tC9lOC 
11C06DC 
11C05DC 

11C01FC 

B2S90 


11C24DC 


1 1 C44DC 


VHP  AND  UHFPRESCALER  CHIPS 

350MCPTascdlerdivJde&y  10/1 1 

350MC  Prescafer  divide  by  5/6 

650MC  Prescaler  dtvrde  by  10/1 1 

650MC  Prescaler  divide  t>y  5/S 

UHF  Prescaler  750MC  D  Type  Flip  Flop 

1GHz  Counter  Divide  by  4 

(Regular  price  $75.00) 

High  Speed  Dual  5/4  input  NO/NOR  Gate 

Preseilabie  High  Speed  Decade/Binary 

Counter  used  wtfh  ihe  1 1C90/9T  or  the 

95Hgo/9l  Prescaler  can  divide  by  100. 

(Srgnetics) 

Ttiis  chip  is  the  same  as  a  Motorola 

MC4024M324  Dual  TTL  Voltage  Control 

Multivibrator. 

This  Chip  is  the  same  as  a  Motorola 

MC4044W344  Phase  Frequency  Detector, 


PRICE 

$  8.50 

6.50 

15.50 

15.50 

12.30 

60.00 
15.40 


HEWLETT  PACKARD 
MIXERS  MODELS 

Frequency  Range 

Input/Output  Frequency  L  &  R 


Mixer  Conversion  Loss  (A) 

Noise  Performance  |SSB)  (A) 

(B) 
PRICE 


10614A 

2MHz  to  500MC 

200KHZ  to 

500MC 

DC  to  SOOMC 

7dB 

9dB 

7dB 

9dB 

U9m      PRICE 


105149 

2MHz  to 

500MC 

200KHZ  10 

500MC 

DC  to  500MC 

7d& 

9dB 
7dB 

9dB 
$39  99 


5,00 

3.37 

3.37 


GENERAL  ELECTRIC  CO.  GUNN  DIODE  MODEL  Y  2157 

Freq.  Gap  (GHZ)  12  to  18,  Output  (Min,)  lOOmW.  Duty  (%) 
CW.  Typ,  Bias  (VdcJ  aO.  Type.  Oper.  (MAdc)  550,  Max  Thres. 
(mAdc)  1000.  Max.  Bias (Vdc} lO.a  $39.9t 

VARIAN  GALLIUM  ARSENIDE  GUNN  DIODES  MODEL  VSX^32aiS5 
Freq.  Coverage  8  to  i2.4GHz.  Output  (Min^  lOOmW,  Bias 
Voltage  (Max.)  14vdc.  Bias  current  (nrtAdc)  Operating  550  Typ. 
750  Max.,  Threshold  550  Tup.  1000  Max.  $39.99 

VARIL  Co.  Inc.  MODEL  53-43  AM  MODULATOR 

Freq.  Range  60  10  150MC,  Insertion  Loss  l3dB  Nominal, 
Signal  Port  imp  50ohms  Nominal,  Signal  Port  RF  Power 
+  lOdSm  Max..  Modulation  Port  BW  DC  to  1KH2L  Modulation 
Pom  Bfas  1  n^a.  Norn  ma  I.  $24.99 


FAEQUENCY  SOURCES,  ]NC  MODEL  MS  74?( 

MICROWAVE  SIGNAL  SOURCE 

MS-74X;  MectianicaJly  Tunable  Frequency  Range  (MHz)  10630  to 

11230  (10.63  to  11.23GH2)  Minimum  Output  Povver  ^mW)  10.  Overall 

Muitiplier  Ratio  108,  Internal  Crystal  Oscillator  Frequency  Range 

(MHZ)  98.4  to  104.0,  Maximum  Input  Current  (mA)  400. 

The  Signal  source  are  designed  for  applications  where  high  stability 
and  low  noise  are  of  prime  concern,  these  sources  utilize  fundamen* 
tal  transistor  oscilJators  with  high  Q  coaxial  cavpties,  followed  by 
broadband  stable  step  recovery  dtode  multipliers.  Th<s  desigr> 
allows  single  screw  mechanical  adjustment  ot  frequency  over  stan^ 
dard  communications  bands.  Broadband  sampling  circuits  are  used 
to  phase  lock  the  oscillator  to  a  high  stability  reference  which  may 
be  either  an  internal  self  contained  crystal  oscillator^  exlernal 
primary  standard  or  VHF  synthesizer.  This  unique  technique  allows 
for  oplimrzation  of  both  FM  noise  and  long  term  stability  Lrst  Price 
is  $1155.00  (THESE  ARE  NEW)  Our  Price— $289. 


AVANTEtC  CASCADABLE 
MODULAR  AMPLIFIERS 


M  ode  r  UTO^504      UTO  51 1 


Frequency  Range 

5  to  500  MHz 

5  to  500  MHz 

Gain 

&d8 

15dB 

Noise  Fcgure 

lldB 

2.3dBto3dB 

Power  Output 

+  t7d8 

-  2dB  to 
-3dB 

Gain  Flatness 

IdB 

IdB 

Input  Power  Vdc 

+  24 

+  15 

mA 

100 

10 

PRICE 

S70  00 

PRICE 

$75.00 

HEWLETT  PACKARD  1N5712  MICROWAVE  DIODE 

This  diode  will  replace  the  MBOiOl,  1N5711.  5082-2800. 

5082-2835  ect.  This  wHi  work  itHe  a  champ  in  all  those 

Down  Converter  projects.  $1.50  or  10/$10.00 

MOTOROLA  MHWt172R  LOW  DISTORTION 
WIDEBAND  AMPLIFIER  MODULE. 

Frequency  Range:  40  to  300  MHz  ,  Power  Gain  at  50MHz 

I6,6min.  to  I7.4max.,  Gain  Ftatness  ±0.1  Typ.  ±0,2 

Max,  dB.,  DC  Supply  Voltage  -  28vdc,  RF  Voltage  Input 

+  70dBmV  PRICE  $29.90 

GENERAL  ELECTRIC  AA  NICADS 

Model  #41B905HD11-G1 

Pack  of  6  for  S5.00  or  60  Cells,  10  Packs  for  S45.00 

These  may  be  broken  down  to  individual  cells. 

ORDERING  INSTRUCTIONS 

TERMS:  DOMESTIC:  Prepaid,  C.O.D.  of  Credit  Card 

FOREIGN;  Prepaid  only,  U.S.  Funds— money  order  or  cashier's  check  only. 

C.O.Dj  Acceptable  by  telephone  or  mail  Payment  from  customer  will  be  by  cash,  money  order  or  cashier's 
Check.  We  are  sorry  but  we  cannot  accept  personal  checks  for  C.O.D/s. 

CONFIRMING  ORDERS:  We  would  prefer  that  confirming  orders  not  be  sent  after  a  telephone  order  has  been 
placed.  If  company  policy  necessitates  a  confirming  order,  please  mark  "CONFIRMING"  boldly  on  the  order 
If  problems  or  duplicate  shipments  occur  due  to  an  order  which  is  not  properly  marked,  customers  will  be 
held  responsible  for  any  charges  incurred,  plus  a  15%  restock  charge  on  returned  parts, 

CREDIT  CARDS:    WE  ACCEPT  MASTERCARD  VISA  AND  AMERICAN  EXPRESS. 

DATA  SHEETS:  When  we  have  data  sheets  in  stock  on  devices  we  do  supply  them  with  the  order. 


gM"^ 


master  charge 

tH|   IffttnVHH   C**D 


ViSA 


elecCroqicjii 


m'48 


(602)  242-3037 
(602)242-6916 

2111  W.  CAMELBACK  ROAD 
PHOENIX,  ARIZONA  85015 

Toll  Free  Number 

800-S26-0180 
(For  orders  only) 


r'See  List  ot  Adtenisers  on  page  114 


73 Magazine  •  July.  1982     147 


mH 


ramsa^    the  first  name  in  Counters ! 


PRJCES 

CTW V'lred I  vtv ■mwrmKy.  U J5,fl J 

rtiiij'  Wi3i 

Aid«p4Er'CfciirpT  11.9^ 
CJV  J,  Mkco  pawer  Overt 

timp  hut  44.9^ 

E*l*fn*l  Lime  hill*  inpul  |4*4 


9  DIGITS  600  MHz 


The  CT'90  is  tht  most  verstttLe,  feature  packed  counter  available  for  less 
thAfi  SSW.OO!  Advanced  desig^i  features  bclude;  three  selectable  gate  tinier 
nine  digits,  g:3t«  indicator  and  a  unique  display  hokl  functicTi  which  holds  the 
displayed  courti  after  the  inpuT  ajgnal  \s  removed!  Also«  a  1  OmHz  TCXO  time 
base  i£  used  which  enables  easy  ^^robeat  calibration  checks  against  WWV, 
Optional)':  an  interna]  nicad  battery  pack. external  time  bai^e  input  and  Micro- 
pdwer  high  stability  crystal  oven  iime  base  are  available.  The  CT-90» 
^rformance  you  can  counl  021! 


$129^ 

^    '^-'  WIRED 


SPECIFICATlONSc 


Rangi;: 

20  Hz  to  600  MHz 

Sensitivity: 

Less  than  10  MV  to  150  MHe 

Less  than  50  MV  to  500  MHz 

Resolutioa^ 

O.j  Hz  00  MMzranje) 

L0H£(60  MHz  range) 

10.0  Hz  (600  MHzrAn^ej 

Display: 

9  digilsO.4"  LED 

Time  bflse; 

Standards  10,000  niHi,  LO  ppm  20-40''C. 

Optional  Micro- power  ovenJDl  ppm  20-40"' G 

Power 

«-15  VAC@  250  in* 

7  DIGITS  525  MHz 


fiPFrTFICATmN& 


Range: 
Sensitivity: 

Resolution: 


Disptay: 
Time  bases 
Power 


20  Hz  to  5 25  MHi 

Less  than  50  MV  to  150  MHz 

Less  XhMJi  1 50  MV  io  500  MHz 

1.0  Hz  (3  MHiranse) 

10.0  Hz  (50  MHz  range) 

100.0  Hz  1 5 00  MHz  rang^i} 

7  digits  0  4"  LED 

i;0  ppm  TCXO  20-40X 

1 2  VAC  ^'  250  ma 


WIRED 


The  CT-70  breaks  ihc  pftce  barrier  <m  \tb  quality  frequency  counters 
Deluxe  features  audi  as,  three  frequency  ranges  -  each  with  pre-  an:)plirication, 
dual  Jieleetable  ^te  time^.  and  gate  activity  indication  make  m^eajurements  a 
snap.  The  wide  frequency  rajige  enables  yuu  to  accurately  measure  signals 
from  audio  thni  UHF  with  1 .0  pptti  accuracy  ■  that's. OO0l%f  The  CT-70  is 
the  answer  to  all  your  measurement  nee<ifi,  in  the  field  lab  or  hem  shack. 


PRICES; 


CT-7CI  wired,  1  year  warranty 
CT-70  Kit.  90  day  parts  war- 
ranty 

AC-1  AC  adapter 
fiP-l  Nicad  pack  +  AC 
adapte  [[/charger 


S99,95 

84,95 
3.95 

12,95 


7  DIGITS  500  MHz  $7955 


PRICES! 

MINI- 100   wired,    1    year 

waoanty 

AC-Z  Ac  adapter  for  MINi- 

100 

fiP-Z  Nicad  pack  and  AC 

adapter/ charge  r 


Hefe's  a  handy,  general  purpose  counter  that  provides  most  counifr 
functions  at  an  unbelievable  price.  The  MINI-lOO  docsn^t  have  the  full 
frequency  range  or  input  impedance  qualities  found  in  higher  price  units^  but 
fbr  basic  RF  sipal  measurements^  \i  can't  be  beati  Accurate  measurements 
can  be  made  from  I  MHz  all  the  way  up  to 5 00  MHz  with  excellent  sensitivity 
throughout  the  range,  and  the  two  gate  times  let  you  select  the  resolution 
desir^  Add  the  nicad  pack  option  and  the  MINI- 100  makes  an  idledl  addition 
t£i  your  tool  box  for  "in-therfielcf'  frequency  checks  and  repairs. 


WIRED 


SPECIFICATIONS^ 


RAnge: 

Sensitivity; 

ReKoJulion: 

Display 
Time  base: 
Power: 


I  MHz  to  500  MHx 
Less  than  25  MV 
1 00  Hz  { slow  gate) 
LO  KHz  (fast  gate) 
7  digits.  0,4'  LED 
2.0  ppm  20^40*  C 
5  VDC  #  200  ma 


8  DIGITS  600  MHz  $159 


WIRED 


>* 


^•M*^ 


SPECIFlCATlQNSi 


Range: 

20  Hi  10  60O  MH2 

Sensitivity':: 

Less  than  25  mv  to  150  MHz 

Less  thai5  1  50  mv  to  600  MHz 

Resolution: 

1.0  Hz  (60  MHz  range) 

IQ.O  Hi(600  MHz  range) 

Displays 

&  digits  0.4"  LED 

Time  base: 

2.0  ppm  20-40  C 

Power 

1 10  VAC  OT  1 2  VDC 

The  CT-50  is  a  versatile  lab  bench  counter  that  will  measure  up  to 600  MHz 
with  S  digit  precision.  And,  one  of  its  best  features  is  the  Receive  Frequency 
Adapter,  which  turns  the  CT-50  into  a  digital  readout  for  any  receiver.  The 
adapter  is  easily  programmed  for  any  receiver  and  a  simple  connecbion  to  the 
receiver's  VFO  is  all  that  is  required  fcRrtiae.  Adding  the  receiver  adapter  in  no 
way  limits  the  operation  of  the  CT-SO,  the  adapter  can  be  conveniently 
switched  on  or  off.  The  CT-SO^  a  counter  that  can  work  dk>uble-duty! 


PRICES; 

CT-50  wired,  1  year  warranty 
CT-50  Kit,  90  day  parts 
warranty 

RA-1,  receiver  adapter  kit 
RA-l  wired  and  pre- program- 
med (send  copy  of  receiver 
schematic) 


S159.95 

119.95 
14.95 


29,95 


DIGITAL  MULTIMETER  $99^ 


WIRED 


PRICES. 

DMrlOO  wimti  1  year  warranty 

$9995 

DM- 700  Kit,  90  day  parts 

warranty 

79.95 

AC-I,  AC  adaptor 

3.95 

BP  3,  Nicad  pack  +AC 

adapter/ charger 

19,95 

MP-3.  Probe  kit 

2.95 

The  DM-700  offers  professionil  quajity  performance  ^i  a  Kqbbyisi  price: 
Featured  include;,  26  different  ranges  and  S  functions,  a.11  arranged  in  a 
convenient,  cafv  to  use  format.  Measurements  are  di^lsyed  on  a  large  VA 
difjt,  ^  inch  LED  readout  with  autoTnatU:  decimai  placement,  automatic 
polaTlTV,  ovvrranije  indicjition  and  overload  protection  up  to  1250  volts  00  all 
T^n  ^,  mat  inf{  i  f  V  imiall  y  gaof-proofl  The  DM  -  700  looks  Rreat ,  a  handsom  c, 
jet  bl^ckp  ru^ed  ABS  case  with  convenient  retr^table  tilt  bail  makes  it  an 
ideal  add [t ion  to  any  shop. 


SPECIFICATIONS; 

DO  AC  volts:  lOOuV  to  I  KV,  5  ranges 

DO  AC 

Current 

0.1  uA  to  2.0  Ampsv  5  ranges 

Resistance: 

0.1  ohms  to  20  Megohms,  6  ranges 

Input 

impedance: 

10  Megohms,  DC/ AC  volts 

Accuracy: 

Oa%  basic  DC  volts 

Power 

4  'C  cells 

AUDIO  SCALER 


Forhigii  resolution  audio  measurements,  multiplies 
UP  in    frequency. 

•  Great  for  PL  tones 

•  Multiplies  by  10  or  lOO 

•  0.01  Hz  resolution! 

$29,95  Kit       S39.95  Wired 


ramsey  ekectrnnic's,  inc. 


ACCESSORIES 

Telescopic  whip  antenna  -  BNC  plug $  7,95 

High  impedance  probe,  liglit  loading , . . .  ...,.,..,  n  1^-95 

Low  pass  probCf  for  audio  measurements , . . , t . r^ --—  -  —  -  vr :-- -  ^5.95 

Direct  probe,  generai  purpose  usage — ,  12,95 

Tilt  baiL  forCT70,  90.  MINHOO..... 3.95 

Color  burst  calibration  unit,  calibrates  counter 

against  color  TV  signal. .....  ^ , ,..,,.,  14.95 


COUNTER  PREAMP 

Ft^r  measurine  cxrremelv  weak  signals  from  10  to  1,000 
MHi.   Small  siie.  fjoivered  Ihy  pluji  trans fcsrrntr'includetl. 

•  Flat  25  dbgain 

•  BNC  Connectors 

•  Great  for  snifTmg  RF  with  pick-up  loop 

$34.95  Kit     S44.95  Wired 


2575  Baird  Rd.  Penfield.  NY  14526     ^^^ 


PHONE  ORDERS 
CALL  716-586^3950 


]_J_U_S.1_S       'tatatoKl'tin  guafarnoed     e^omirt*  to«  '0  dor^  'I  '>&f  pi* sued 
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t7    0*d«rt  ytidef  $10     odd  11   ^0    Nlf  r»s,.d*nH  add  ?      »ai 


148     73 Magazine  *  July,  1982 


YOUP 


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S340-42  Olive  8lvd.#   P.O.  Bok  28271  •  St  Louis.  MO  63132 


MastAfCond 


VtSA 


73  Magazine  •  July,  1982    149 


SOCML  EVENTS 


from  page  78 

city  Park  Av«ntj«,  N^m  Orleans  LA  70)10. 

FtAGSTAFF  A2 
JUL  3&AU0  1 

Th«  Amalttit  Radio  CouiKil  &f  Anjona 
wiM  hold  M&32nd  anfkual  hamle^t  frpmUuty 
30  rhrcHigh  August  1. 1962.  at  the  Foft  Tut- 
hill  Fairgroijnds,  jiist  a  fQi*  mi^  south  of 
1-40.  FlAQStaft  AZ  Th«fe  *ill  be  thousands 
ol  doHg^  irt  prizes,  impfovod  XYL  actwltie?, 
3  swapf^st,  a  tran&m liter  riunt,  speak efs, 
forums,  av^ards,  exhibits,  and  efitettaiiv 
TTfefit  on  Frklay  and  SaturcKay  nirghis.  Over- 
nighl  camping  faciiui«$  wkw  Iw  availaiils. 
Talkm  on  147.970/1 46  J70  For  fun  her  irv 
formal  ion,  contact  Win.  OlJv«r  Grieve 
VVTWGW,  4301  K  31  SI  Avenue,  Phoenix  AZ 
85017,  or  call  (903^246-0200 

KINGSFORD  Ml 
JUL  31  AUG  1 

The  Micli-A  Qon  ARC  will  tvold  Itie  34ih 
anr^uai  UP  Hamfeat  on  Saiurday.  July  31, 
and  SurMiay,  Aygusi  1,  t9B2.  at  \hn  Dicklrv 
son  Courtly  Armory  on  M-95,  Kmg^iford  Ml 
Ttcke^s  are  S2.50  at  the  door  {no  advanqe 
sales)  and  registration  will  begin  ai  9:00 
am  on  both  days.  There  will  tse  prizes,  f  am^ 
iiy  activities,  and  a  Saturday  niffhl  ban- 
quel.  Advance  banquet  reservatioriiS  are 
needed  since  aaating  is  limilad.  Plant y  of 
free  pafking  will  be  avaiiabit.  Talk  in  on 
146.25/85  and  .3&22.  For  further  Informa- 
tion, wrii©  UPHAWFEST.B2.  105  East  Brel^ 
lung  Avenue.  Klngsford  Ml  49801. 

ANGOLA  IN 
AUG  1 

The  Steuben  Gounly  Rariio  Amateurs  wilt 
hold  ih^  24tn  annual  FM  Picnic  and  Ham^ 
Fesl  qn  Sunday,  August  1,  1962.  a  I  Crcxjkad 
Lake,  Angola  IN  Admission  is  $2.50  There 
wHI  be  prizes,  picnic-style  BBQ  chicken,  In- 
side tables  lor  exhibitors  and  vendors,  and 
Qvamighl  camping.  {A  fee  will  be  charged 
by  county  park;}  Talk- in  on  146.52  and 
147.eii21 

PITTSBURGH  PA 
AUG  1 

The  45th  annual  South  Htns  Brass 
Pounders  and  Modulators  Hamfeet  will  be 
held  on  August  1>  1962,  from  1000 am  to 
4^00  pm.  at  South  Campus,  Community 
College  ot  Allegheny  County.  Pittsburgh 
PA.  Admiasion  is  S2.00  or  3  for  S5.00. 
There  will  be  computer,  OSCAR,  and  ATV 
demon  si  rat  ions,  as  lirell  as  a  Ilea  market. 
Talk  In  on  146  1 3/ 73  and  146.52.  For  fur^ 
ther  in  format  I  on.  contact  Andrew  L  Pa!o 
WA3PBa  1433  Schauffler  Drive.  West 
Hofneslead  PA  15120 

ftELVIDERE  IL 
AUGI 

The  Big  Ttiundef  ARC  will  hold  Its  annual 
hamfest  on  Sunday,  August  1, 19S2.  at  the 
Boone  County  Fairgrounds.  Route  76.  Belv^ 
defB  IL  Adfnis&ion  is  $2.00  in  advance  and 
12.50  at  the  gate.  A  fee  will  be  charged  lof 
B^teot  tables  and  thef e  will  be  indoor  spece 
aiAilabfe  in  ttie  exhibit  build^riQ.  as  weil  as 
outifoor  space  in  swappecs'  row.  Sellers 
mk\  be  able  to  set  up  Saturday  evening  or  at 
T'^  am  On  Sunday  Features  win  inciuije 
door  prizes,  a  main  pnza.  food,  and  refresn- 


rnents.  Campir>g  will  be  available  on  Satur- 
day evening  (there  will  be  a  charge  for  elec- 
tricityj.  Talk4n  on  146.52  and  147.975/ 
147.375.  For  further  information  or  tickets, 
send  an  SAS£  to  Jim  Gximstsy,  416  Beacon 
Dnve,  BelvidefB  IL  61006. 

LEVELUND  TX 
AUG  1 

The  Hockley  County  Amateur  l^dloCiob 
and  the  Noilhwesi  Texas  EmergerKy  Net 
will  hokJ  their  17th  annual  picnic  and  swap^ 
fest  on  Sunday.  August  1,  1962.  beginning 
at  B-iOO  am  at  the  crty  park  in  LeveHar*d  TX. 
Tlila  event  is  for  the  entire  family.  Bhng 
your  own  ptcnic  basket  tor  lunch  at  12:30.  A 
Iwo^ineler  FM  trarfsoetver  is  the  grand 
pnze.  A  S3  00  regtstration  is  requested  but 
not  requ  rred .  Tttere  wi  1 1  be  ^wappi  ng  al  I  <lBy , 
with  tatries  provided.  Talk-in  on  2EiJBA. 

GLEN  Ml 

AUG  1 

The  Black  River  Amateur  Radio  Club  will 
hold  trie  29th  annual  Southwestern  Michi- 
gan VHP  Picnic  on  Sunday.  August  1. 19S2, 
at  the  West  Side  County  Park  near  Glen  ML 
(Take  exit  30  irom  1-196  and  follow  lt\t 
signs.)  There  will  be  swimming,  a  p]ay* 
ground,  a  small  Ilea  market,  and  door 
prizes  There  is  no  food  available  al  ti>e 
park,  so  bring  your  own  picnic  t>a£keL  Reg- 
istration is  $1.00.  For  additional  informa- 
tion,  contact  Ed  Alderrrvan  KiaZ,  RH  1^,  Bo* 
44,  Lawrence  Ml  ^9064. 

POMONA  CA 
AUG  7 

The  Tri  County  Amateur  Radio  Associa- 
tion will  hoid  its  annual  hamfest/picnic  on 
Saturday,  August  7,  1982,  from  7:00  arn  to 
1:00  pm,  al  the  Los  Angeles  County  Fair- 
grounds,  Pomona  CA  AH  buyers,  sellers, 
and  computer  buff  s  are  welcome,  There  wit  I 
be  prizes,  exhibits,  and  refreahments.  Talk- 
in  on  146.025/.S25.  For  more  informallon, 
write  loTCARA  Hamfest  Chairman  W6ELZ, 
PO  Bon:  142,  Pomona  CA  91769, 

JACKSONVILLE  FL 
AUG  7-6 

The  Greater  Jacksonville  Hamfest  A^so 
elation  wHI  hold  the  annual  Jacksonville 
Hamfest  and  Nonhern  Florida  ARRL  Con- 
vention on  August  7^,  1982.  at  tfie  Orange 
Park  Kennel  CFub.  located  near  the  inter- 
section  of  1-295  and  US  17  iust  south  of 
Jacksonville.  Advance  registration  Is  $3.50 
and  is  availalite  from  Rofcterl  J.  Cutting 
W2KGL  1249  Cape  Ct^ailes  Avenue.  Attars 
tic  Beach  FL  32233.  iRegistration  al  the  door 
Is  $4.00.  The  FCC  will  admirifster  amateur 
and  commerctal  radio  operator  eitams  on 
Fwiay.  August  6th,  at  tt>e  hamfeel  site. 
Those  Wishing  to  take  the  exams  stuculd  ap- 
ply to  the  Atlanta  FCC  office  as  soon  as 
PQi^tble.  Swap  tables  are  $t2JO0  per  tal>ie 
for  tioih  days  {no  one-day  tables)  and  tabkl 
raservafiOfiSv  as  welt  as  advan«^  ni0l9trft' 
tions,  are  available  from  An<ty  Burton 
NX4G,  5101  Youngs  ^k»d.  Jacksonville  FL 
3t^fi.  A  lutl  slate  of  pfograms  is  sched- 
uled. alor>g  with  meetings  of  statewide  and 
regional  nets  and  otQaniialions.  plus  com- 
petitions Including  a  rabbit  hunt  anil  plleup 
contest.  The  heaf)t|uarters  fiotel  is  the  Best 
Western  First  National  Inn  just  across  from 
ttie  hamfest.  Special  rates  may  be  obtained 
by  wnting  to  Jim  Canfiekl  KD40Q.  996 


Dostie  Circle,  Orange  Park  FL 32073.  Talk-In 
on  146.16^.76  and  146.07Ae7. 

SAUK  nAPtOS  MN 
AUG  a 

The  St,  Cloud  Rad»o  Club  will  hold  Its 
annual  hamfest  on  Sunday.  August  8. 
t9@2,  ffom  3:30  am  to  4.00  pm,  at  the  Sauk 
Rapids  Muntcipal  Park,  Sauk  Rapids  MN 
Talk-tn  on  146, 34/, 94  For  more  intorma- 
tlon,  contact  MiKe  Lynch,  2i  tS-tst  Street 
SL  Cloud  MN  56301.  or  call  f6 12^251  2297 

M0HTG0MERYV1LLE  PA 
AUG  a 

The  Mid-Atlantic  Amateur  Radio  Cli&  an- 
nounces its  annual  J.  B,  M.  Hamfest  to  tse 
held  on  Sunday.  August  6.  1962.  from  &00 
am  to  4D0  pm,  rain  of  shine.  Taiigate  ^lup 
begins  at  S;O0  am.  Located  af  the  Route  309 
Dttve-ln  Theatef,  1f4  mile  nortti  of  Route  63, 
Montgometyviile.  PA  (S  miles  rtodh  of  tfie 
Fort  Washington  Interchange  of  the  Pwin- 
syfvania  Turnpike).  Admissi^^n:  $2^,  with 
Si. 00  additionaJ  for  each  tailgate  space. 
N(>n-ticens0d  XYL^  afid  chiklren  admitted 
free.  Ample  parkirvg,  refreshments,  raffles, 
door  prices,  and  more  Talk4n  on  WB3JOE/FI 
(147,6&.06)  or  146£2  simplex.  For  further  tr^ 
formation,  wrile  trie  clut>,  PO  Box  352, 
Villanova  PA  19065. 

TACQMA  WA 
AUG  14-15 

The  Radio  Club  of  Tacoma  will  hold 
Ham  fair  82  on  August  14  15.  1^2.  at  the 
PacHic  Lutiieran  University  campus.  Ta- 
coma  WA  Registration lsS5.00and dinner 
is  S7  50.  Actiyities  will  include  lechnicel 
senninars,  a  flea  market,  commercial 
booths,  an  ARRL  meeting,  a  repeater  to- 
tum,  a  VHF  tweak  and  tune  clinic,  prizes, 
raffles,  and  a  loggers'  breakfast.  Taik-in 
on  147.8&/.a6.  For  more  information,  con- 
tact Grace  Tei^zel  AD7S.  701  So,  120lh.Ta- 
OOma  WA  9M44.  or  phone  {206h564-a347, 

WILMINGTON  DE 
AUG  15 

Tt>e  seventh  annual  t^ew  Delmarva  Ham- 
fest wili  be  held  on  Sunday,  August  15, 
1932,  from  B:00  am  to  4:00  pm  at  Gioryland 
ParH^  Bear  OE  (5  miles  aoulh  of  Wilming- 
ton}.  Admission  is  $2.25  In  advance,  ¥2,75  at 
the  $ate.  Tailgating  Is  $3,50.  Limited  tabies 
will  be  available  under  the  pav^illon.  but 
bring  your  own  lo  be  sure.  Food  and  drinks 
will  be  available.  First  prize  is  an  Atari-' 
Home  Video  Game  System,  Talk-in  on  .52 
and  .13^.53.  For  more  information  and  a 
map,  send  an  SASE  to  Stephen  Momot 
K3HiP,  14  BaJ^am  Road,  WHmington  DE 
19804,  For  advance  tickets,  make  checks 
payable  to  Detmarva  Hamfesf,  inc 

TIOGA  COUNTY  PA 
AUG  21 

Ttie  Tioga  County  PA  ARC  6lti  Annuat 
Amateur  Radio  H  am  test  wi  1 1  be  held  on  Sat- 
urday,  August  21, 1962,  from  0600  to  1600  at 
a  new  iocation  at  Island  Park.  |ust  off  US 
Rte.  t5.  Blo^sburg  PA.  Thefe  wiiit  lie  a  flea 
market,  food,  free  camping,  an  auction,  an 
HH  door  ph2e.  etc  Talk-in  on  .19^  79  arvt 
SI.  for  moie  information  or  advance  tick- 
ets.  wnte  Tioga  Co,  ARC,  PO  Box  56.  Mans^ 
field  PA  1S933,  or  contact  Paul  Sando 
KC2AZ.  606  Reynolds  Street.  Eimira  NY 
149£Mor*  m79or.9&.36, 

MARVSVILLE  OH 
AUG  21  22 

Ttte  Union  Couniy  Amateur  Radio  Club 
will  hold  the  MaiTsvtIie  Hamfest  on  Satur- 
day afternoon  and  all  ^ay  Sunday.  August 
21-22. 1962.  at  the  fatrground  in  Marysville 
(near  Columbus)  OH.  Admission  *s  $2.00 
in  advance  or  $3  00  at  the  gate.  Flea  mar- 


ket space  is  $1.00.  Food,  beverages,  and 
free  overnight  camping^  movies,  and  pop- 
corn will  be  availat^le  Featured  on  Satur- 
day nighl  will  be  a  free  square  dance  (with 
a  live  band)  loltowed  by  a  big  country 
breakfast  available  ait  night.  Door  prizes, 
ladies'  programs,  and  ARRL,  FCC,  and 
MARS  meetings  will  be  featured  On  Sun^ 
day.  Talk  in  on  146.52  and  t4^.99^^9,  For 
additional  information,  wrHO  UCARC, 
t3613  US  36.  Marysville  OH  43040.  or  call 
(5l3)'644.^j46a- 

ST.  CHARLES  IL 
AUO^ 

The  Fox  River  Radio  League  will  host  the 
Illinois  State  ARRL  Convention  in  eoniunc- 
tion  wtttt  its  annual  hamfest  both  to  be 
held  on  August  22.  1962.  from  8:00  am  to 
4:00  pm.  at  the  Kane  County  Fairgrounds^ 
SL  C^hartes  IL  Tickets  are  S2 00  in  advance 
aod  $3,00  at  the  gate.  For  advance  lickets. 
send  an  SASE  lo  J,  Dubeck  KA9HQY,  1312 
Bluebeti  Lane.  Batavia  IL6O510.  Ttiere  wilt 
be  comrrverciai  exhibits,  a  flea  mafket,  eon- 
tests,  danonstratlons,  forums^  prizes,  and 
tK}t  food.  Talk-in  on  146.94.  Ejihibiiors.  dea^ 
ersi^  and  vendors  should  contact  G.  R.  Isety 
WD9GIG.  736  Fellows  Street,  St.  Charles  IL 
60174. 

WEHTZVILLE  HO 
AUG  22 

The  St.  Charles  Amateuf  Radio  Club. 
Inc.,  will  hold  Hamfest  82  on  August  224 
1982,  at  the  Went^ille  Community  Cen* 
ter.  Went^ille  MO.  Tickets  in  advance  are 
St.OO  each  or  4  for  $3, 00.  at  the  door,  they 
are  S1  50  each  or  4  for  $5.00.  A  demission  is 
SI. 00  per  car.  There  will  be  prizes,  con* 
tests,  a  fiea  market,  food,  and  air  oondU 
lioned  eKhibitions  buildings.  For  tickets, 
motel  and  campmg  information,  priie 
lists,  dealer  reservations,  etc.,  write 
SCABG  Hamfest  82.  dQ  f^ike  McCrann 
WDflGSY,  25  Elm  StreeL  St.  Peters  MO 
63376. 

JEWELL  NJ 

AUG  29 

The  Gloucester  County  Amateur  Radio 
Club  will  hoid  its  fourth  annual  GCARC 
Ham^Compfesi  on  Sunday  August  29^ 
1982.  from  8:00  am  to  3:00  pm  at  the 
Gloucesier  County  College,  Tanya rd  fload, 
Seweil  NJ.  Tickets  are  S2.O0  in  advance 
and  $2.60  at  the  door  The  tallgaters'  and 
dealers'  charge  is  SG.OO  and  includes  one 
free  admission.  Doorswlliopenat  7:00  ann 
for  setup.  There  will  be  speakers,  semh 
nars.  contests.  FCC  exams,  and  prices,  in- 
cluding a  Radio  Shack  TflS-80  computer 
and  a  Yaesu  FT-208R.  Talk  in  on  146,52 
and  147.7B/.1B.  For  more  information,  con- 
tact  GCARC  Hamfest  Committee.  PO  Box 
370.  Pitman  NJ  06017.  or  phone  <609M56- 
0500  or  {609>'33a-484l  (days)  or  t609>629- 
2064  (evenings)' 

BUTLER  PA 
SEP  12 

The  Builer  County  Amateur  Radio  Asso^ 
ciation  wtll  hold  its  annual  hamfest  on  Sun^ 
day,  Septemtter  12.  1982.  from  9::00  am  to 
4:00  pm,  at  the  8aU«r  Farmatiow  Grourids 
at  Roe  Airport,  Butler  PA.  Flyin  at  Sutiet 
Farmsfww  Airpoft-  Admission  is  a $1  00  ttcK 
nation  and  children  unde^  12  wilt  t>e  admits 
led  free  Ovemight  campers  are  welcome 
and  food  and  refreshments  will  be  avaif 
able.  Ttiefe  will  be  an  indoor  flea  market 
fvendor  space  will  be  S3.00  per  3- foot  tat>le), 
a  free  outside  fiea  market,  free  parking  {in- 
cluding for  the  harKficappecf),  and  pri^es^  in- 
cluding a  Kerwvood  1^-8305  HP  transceiver. 
Talk-in  Oil  14736/36.  .52.  and  147.84/_24  For 
additional  information,  contacl  Leighlon 
Fenneli.  Crestmont  Drive,  RD  6,  Butier  PA 
16001^  or  phone  (4l2|^8&9i22. 


150     73  Magazine  •  July,  1982 


NEW    YAESU    CONVERTED    FOR    FTIO 

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73  Magazine  •  July,  1982     151 


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YAESU  FT-207R  OWNERS 

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Thousands  of 

Quality 
Components 

NO  ^^\%^^' 
"Seconds  i 


•/€::  h 


Caft  Totl 


^it? 


HJ  Hmmkimntw  call  20T-91}#4<)93 

Sintec^  Drawer  Q, 
Milford>  NJ  08840 


QUADS  TOWERS. 
TOWERS  QUADS 

2,  3,  4  ELEMENT  QUADS  AND 
ALSO  THE  ^'Special"  40.  pre- 
tuned,  with  bamboo  or  fiber- 
glass spreaders.  Our  references 
are  any  amateur  who  owns  a 
Skylane,  Priced  at  $121,00  and 
up.  WARC  frequencies  easily 
added.  Enclose  50€  for  details 
and  treatise  on  quads. 

TOWERS- 

Steel  or  Aluminum.  Crank  down 
and  lilt  over,  from  $360.  less 
liberal  discount.  Dollar  bill  for 
complete  information  on  both 
towers/quads. 

SKYUNE  PRODUCTS 


W4YM 


406  Bon  Aire  Ave., 

Temple  Terrace,  Fla.  33*17 

Phone  1  813-988  4213 


ALL  YOUR  GEAR  AT  YOUR 
FINGERTIPS  m  A  CONVE- 
NIENT CONSOLE  DESK 

Requires  only  60  "  corner  space 
Formica  desk  lop  and  shehes 
Shelf  height  adjustabie 
Solid  maple  legs 
S493.0Q  check  or  M.O. 
Shipped  freight  collect 
Allow  30-45  days  delivery 

Send  for  detailed  brochure 


152 


CQ  PRODUCTS 

8260  lanes  Ave, 
Suite  137-1700 

Woodridgtf.  IL,  60517 


800-526-5960  T= 


(Chair  afJti  equipment  fiot  incfuded} 


^ 


m 


NUTS  €l  volts 

8UY  •  SELL  •  TRADE  ELECTRONICS 


The  MARKETPLACE  For 

NEW  &  USED 

ELECTRONIC  EQUIPMENT 

Delivered  Monthly  •  Nationwide 

12  ISSUES  (One  Year) 

Of 

Nuts  &  Vaits  Magazine 

ONUY    $5*00    IN  l»J&, 
(CANADA  &  M£XK:0  SItJOtf) 

Send  To: 


HUTS  &  VOLTS  MAGAZINE 

P.O.  BOX  IMI-G 

PLACENTtA,  CA  92670 

(7t4J  632-772 r 


*^137 


DOUBLE  BAZOOKA 
COAXIAL  ANTENNA 


'  Injection  Mofded  Plastic  Fittings  for  Strength, 
Durability  and  Weather-proofmg. 

*  Broad  Banded  Low  VSWR 

*  No  Tuner  or  Balun  Required 

*  Feed  With  Any  Length  50  Ohm  Coax 

*  Power  Handling  Capacity  -  Two  Kw 

'  Not  A  Kit  -  Ready  For  Use  -  Made  in  USA 

*  Steel  Eyeletts  For  Installation  and  SO-239 
Fitting  Are  Molded  Into  Antenna 

80  or  40  Meter.. „„„. .....49.95  ea. 

20, 15.  or  10  Meter ..„_.. 44.95  ea. 


CiowGP  g8in  sysieoas 


□  Payment  enclo&ed  S_ 
n  VISA        □  MC 

Card    no. Exp, 

S  Ifl  nai  um 


dale^ 


H\M 


t007  Cnv^s  .« 

Wesi  *Nm»,  U  7t39T 


.Stafe_ 


Take  your  favorite  HX  out 
for  a  drive  tonight. 


VISA  or  MASTERCARD  for 
same  day  shipment. 


For  $69.95  you  get  the  most  efficient, 
dependable,  fully  guaranteed  35W  2  meter 
amp  kit  for  your  handy  talkie  money  can  buy. 

Now  you  can  save  your  batteries  by  operating 
your  H.T.  on  low  power  and  still  get  out  like  a 
mobile  rig.  The  model  335A  produces  35  watts 
out  with  an  input  ol  3  watts,  and  15  watts  out  with 
only  1  watt  in.  Compatible  with  IC-2AT.  TR-2400, 
Yaesu,  Wilson  &  Tempo!  Other  2  meter  models  are  avail- 
able with  outputs  of  26 W  and  75W.  in  addition  to  a  100W 
am plif ier  k it  for  430M HZ.         ^3^ 

Communication  Concepts  Inc.  i^S^SST*"  '*^'^''"''''° 


•••••• 


A  STAR  IS  BORN 


*****# 


P 


#    Ideat  for  Novi<^(^,  SWL*( 
and  reasoned  amatRurs 
Bailt-in  cod«  practice 

oicillator  &  speakfir 
12  VDC  Operation  of 
t20  VAC  with  sdapter 
provided 
OpiionaJ  serial -^para  I  te* 
ASCII  output  port 
A  code  reader  so  advanced 
COOE*STARTMKIt  .  .  ,  . 
CODE*  STAR  Wir«d  .  .  ,  .  , 
Optlonat  ASCJI  Outpui  Port 
Optiortat  ASCII  Oiitr>ut  Port 


i 

^^     hanoimg     tor     coniineni 


I 


\\  costs  you  i#ssi  Call  or 


tIt    Copies  Morse,  Baudot 
&  ASCti  codfii 

'^    Two  opiimized  Morsi} 
rangei 

ik    Digital  &  Ana  tog  fii'tefing 
with  l&db  AGO 

it    Atit  omat  re  speed  1  ractc  ifii} 
3  _  70  WPM 

for  brochure  or  ord«r  dtrecL 

•  ,  ,  , CSF  ^23^,95 

CS-IK  S    59,95 


Kit  Wired 
(Specify  1 10  or  ^00  Baud  arid  20mA  or  TTL  levej}  .,..,**.,..  .CSIF  f   79,95 

end  check  or  money  ofder.  Use  your  VJSA  or  MasterCard.  Add  S5,00  shipping  and 
handling    for    continental     U.S.    Wisconsin     residents    add   4%    State    Sales    Taic, 

Corporation  Telephone:  1414}  241-8144 

P.    O.    Box    51 3G,       TKiinsviUe,    Wisconsin    53092 


See  L/sf  ol  Advertisers  on  page  114 


73  Magazine  •  July,  1982    155 


FULL  LINE  ALL  PARTS  &  COMPUTER  PRODUCTS 


P.O.  Boi  4430M 

Santa  Clara.  CA  §5054 

Writ  caHs:  2322  Walsh  Ave. 

(408)  988^^640 

S^me  day  itispinini   RrM  lint  tnds  a%  fidDfy  tnM.  GuarvTteKt 
filOPtey  badL  QuaAty  IC  s  ino  cMtiCf  E:oniiioii@nts  «  tidnry  puces 

INTEGRATED  CIRCUTTS  Phone  orders  only  (800)  S38-8196 


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4116  2mn^  Dynamic  HAM      I^StA.DO 


Afifits  Peripheral  Kilt 

SERIAL  1.0  INTERFACE    0  to  30,000  baud. 

0  T  R  .  Inpui  &  ouiiMJl  from  monrtor  or  bssjc.  oi 

use  Apple  35  intelli  Off  nT  terminjj.  Bd  cmJ^  |P^  2)' 

S14.SS.  KH  (P  N  2A)  S51.2$«  Assenn&M  |P.N 

2C|  Sfil.95. 

PflffTOTYPlMG  BBAAe    |P  N  7907J  121.95 

FIIRALLfL  TRIAC  OUTPUT  &OA^D    i  trttCS. 

eacfi  can  swndi  iiOV.  eA  loads,  Bd  ofily  {Pit 

?10)  Sim.  Kit  (P  H  210A)  Silt .5S. 

APPLE  H  GAME  I^EHJLlSAdam  and  Eve  S38.00 

SfRlALPARALLEL  INTERFACf  Bidireaianai 
Baud  rat^  from  110  ^  )^-2K,  sw  ssiecrabt^ 
pd^ariiy  of  input  and  surpar  strote.  5  to  8  data 
bits.  1  or  2  slop  bus,  parity  odd  or  even  or  none, 
all  characters  canlain  a  %W\  bit.  ^S  &  12V 
required  Bd  only  {P/N  1011  *11.i5.  Kii  (P/N 
1D1A}|4Z.S9. 

RS'23Z;'TT^  INTERFACE    Bidirfi^tionat,  re- 
qijlies  -12V,  Kti  i?m  232A)  13,95. 
HS232'20fnA  INTERFACE     Bidiretlional.   2 
passive  opiQ- isolated  ciJtLils,  Kit  (P^N  7901  A) 
114.35. 

PROM  Eraser 

WM  erase  25  P^iOMs  m  1 S  rnmut^  UHraviDlct 
assembled   2S  PBOtI  cap^Ply  137.50  iwiin 
1 1im«r  |«9  501   5  PROM  opaoty  OSHA.UL  ver- 
son  $83  00  Iwith  timei  1119.00). 

180  MicroProf€SSdr  $149.00 

SinoteboafO  csmputar  Lonmg.  reaching,  pro- 
EfHyping.  2K  RAM.  My^aM.  ifepliys;  ^^^tutt 
interface  T^ny  BASIC  $19.11.  All  tytly 
^ssnbded. 


Z80  Microcomputer  Kil  $69,00 

?6  bit  I/O.  l  mi  cfocK,  2if-,  HAU,  RDM  Buead- 
boifO  space  ExceHehT  lor  cofitfoi  Bat?  Bpartf 
S2t.5D.  FuM  Kil  S79,D0.  l^onitDr  |20  00.  Power 
Supply  Kit  %^BM  TViv  Ba^ic  S30.0O. 

Modem  Kit  S&O.Oil 

St^e  cil  tr.t  di I .  <:r>^  ,  vts^Mr  No  lungig  nece^ 

iCOii34ic  coirpler  p^ns  tnduded  E(i  onlf 
$17  00  Artide  in  June,  Juty,  Aug  ftstfio 
f'ecjyttns,  19fl1. 

60  Hz  Crystal  Time  Base  Kil  S4.40 

CcKtveris  digital  dodts  Irom  AC  Nne  t^ntienty  to 
crysial  trme  base,  Outsi^irHling  ffipjracy 

Video  Modulator  Kit  $3J5 

CoTiven  TV  set  intQ  a  htofi  (^uyilty  rriqnilor  w.'d 
affecting  L^sage.  Camp,  kJt  w.i'lulf  instruc 

Mulli  volt  Computer  Power  Supply 

av  Samp,  3:i8v  .&  amp.  3v  15  amp,  -5v 
El  amp.  12v  .5  arnp.  1?y  option  ±5v,  jl12v 
fire  regu:lated.  Basic  Kit  05J5.  Kii  with  ct>assis 
and alffiardware $51.95.  .Ajd  $5  00 shipping)  Kit 
{}f  lianlwHfi  $1£.oa.  WDOdQrain  case  S10.0I1. 
$1  50  sliipping 

lyjn-N-Talk  by  Volrax 

Ittl  tp  mmdi  SfTtitmmf  ^h  unlimited  vocabu- 
lary.  buiMi  tsct  to  SQSKh  iigontlim.  70  to  100 
tms  ptr  soant  speech  wfihmim,  RS232€ 
Bntvtm  $3SBM.  S^m^  1C  $7t.n. 

Dfred  Connect  Modem  S99.00 

Origaniwcf.  t03  edft)|>iliOle.  9V  baltertr  02 
wallpdig. 


INTRODUCING  A  BRAND  NEW  MICROCOMPUTER 


VEliTURE  IS  a  siagls 
tioafd  tornpuier  tt^  is  an 
adwimire  Ix  ttie  hobCiy^  H 
E  J  liiiTwig.  training  oom- 
fKier  ai  wai  it  lust  plain  lyn 
fbr  anyonv  ^Atio  wHits  to  Qei 
9ilD  a  stalKif-The^aft  com- 
putof  at  reasonabte  cost. 

VENTURE  comes  itj  ((it 
torm  or  luir^  3$sem!3f«t  anet 
tested,  ^u  can  get  it  m  its 
rnlntmufTi  Cjorrtigurslion  For 
as  Jitlle  as  $195.00  or  take  it  aH  ttie  way  tu  i"i|i[iy 
disiis  and  voice.  \{  can  be  expand  &[t  bs  a  i(it  or  Pully 
as&eimbted,  at  your  own  pace  ^rd  dK3ic:&. 

VENTURE  l5  3  16"  by  20"  main  board  witt> 
separata  ASCJI  and  HEX  keyisoairJs  It  mns,  fast. 
alnx!Sl  4  MHz.  and  ha&  tti«  capabilrty  qf  pulling 
^mosi  1  megabyte  of  RAM  amt  ROM  on  tfie  board 
ailing  with  a  variety  of  inexpen^ve  (3pflD«is 

A  l&flianne{  analog4Hf|iai  converter  aUowis 
use  of  ioy$tidis,  centrot  hinctiQis,  nstninMnte- 
t*on.  lemptrature  setrsmg.  etc.  Tt  spund 
a^neratpr.  s^ttware  controlled  misic,  Vbtras 
wee  synthesner  and  i«ai  time  dodt  catondar  add 
to  its  versabMy 

A  ^andard  GOim  tvs  iviih  5  Stots,  pafaiH 
pdfts  and  2  ssnai  pofb  wttn  M  loncyiltiig  (75 
to  9600  B/^0)  alto«r  eipsisbn  irrto  (Soppy  dfsfcs, 
cobr.EPROM  pnagr^mmflr.  pffntir,  modefTi  ol  your 
dtoics.  Later  m^tmsm  «il  add  a  Kgtn  pen^  a 
Lirv-versaf  user  proetrartmabte  rmsic  sourid  tJOSfd. 
'.vi'-r^eral  Purpose  Instrument  Bljs„  and  a  fugti 
resaiution  colar/grkiyscate  pijtet  mapped  video 
board 

VENTURE  connects  directly  to  a  montlof  or  to 
your  TV  set  tin  rough  m  RF  modulator.  And  now  lor 
Itie  heart  of  VENTURE  ...  its  vwleo  dlRplay,  VEN- 
TURE \m^  s  high  cEsoiution  prograininable  vtdao 
display  with  up  to  4096  ustir-dertined  charadsrs. 
aipiufiumeric  ^rmtiois.  special  graflHes  &/  ob- 
teds.  suGt^  as  spaoe  ^ips.  etc  Each  character  Is 
B  ptnfe  widft  by  15  posls  high,  with  2  grayscale 


Wiennjre 


maps:  A  h^  B4  levels  ol 
giayscale  plus  video  in- 
MiVWf^^iRVif  and  IkUbti 
Knen  igxtiai  lor  a  "sncmr 
Nie  dtspUy.  The  HEfiat  ts 
S^2  X  513  pbeet  ni^Sped  wrtti 
2  planes  of  mlco  RAM  per 
display  VENTURE  vid^  is  in 
^\^n        astounding! 

VFNTUIIE  has  complete 
so  1 1  w^  re  support  with  luH 
BASIC,  3  ROM  monitors. 
disassembler/a&sembier^itof.  It  will  run  nejil- 
Ume  video  games,  all  RCA  chip  8  firograms  and  all 
currefit  Quest  1&02  software  VENTURE  DOS  will 
accommodatE  up  to  three  SVj"  double  densrty 
floppies  A  ojmplQle  1802  programming  book  is 
available  Alt  «ffitons  of  VENTUF^  ai*  shippefl 
with  a  set  d  maftuais  wrihefi  to  tie  ur>il?fstood  by 
the  inB^wenoed  a&wttti  ^acpefienoed  user 
Off  Pwril  QpHlQi 
IE  chomeiA  Id  D;  5  slot  60  pin  tus.  2  s^ 

pom,  pvaiN  pom:  J  video  opttRc.  4aK  a^^' 

Votrax  voic«  Synth esirtr.  sound  gentftlor, 
EPfDM;  nn  BASIC  di&sasseo«ler,  iefttf.  assem- 
ble, m^l  catMiet  iddiional  poaar  supply. 
A^l  teybcKnl  f^  timi  dock  ^knSx, 
^M^fa^m  Otrttfifr^ 

W:..  iM  programnw,  f{^  pen. 

univ^efsai  user  pro^ramnidile  muslG,  sound  board 
high  Fssoiution  color,  gray^cate  pwel  rr^apped 
wdeo  board.  General  Purpose  Instrument  Bus. 
Wlnlmum  VINTURE  SyHwi  S195.00 
Kit  inclydes  CPU  and  HinErQi  witfi  4K  oi  RAM,  IK 
ol  scratchpad,  2K  monitor  1861  video  graptiics, 
cassette  inkflfticQ  and  ^parptie  HEX  k^bosrd 
with  LEO  tJisplavs  tor  address  and  output.  Power 
supply  IS  inclu(tea  ^lung  wlih  2  game  cassettes. 
The  main  Ijoard  is  1 6'*  x  ^O"  and  includes  space  tor 
aU  of  ths  previously  di&cu&sed  on-bciani  options. 
Full  on-board  expansioin  can  be  compielBd  tm 
under  $1000  00  CHI  Iw  further  deiails,  opttan 
prices,  ^t 


RCA  Cosmac  1802  Super  Elt  Ckiniputer  $106J5 


The  Super  Ei  is  1  irensNkiis  lOiui  tf  it  comtoiia 
wdeo.  ioU  dls^brsv  IB)  dispb^.  inif  muic, 

^  on  a  sir0e  tmd  tr  $tOG.95. 

The  $«fper  Elf  f9ip««ion  capAiiy  i$  wfea%  tm- 
KmitH]  and  you  qiy  dp  i  noqiefismly  one  step  A 
a  ivne  bqansion  ifjciudes  cassRe  meerf^ice  addh 
Irona!  memory,  c^lor  wteo,  Basic,  ASCII  l<«y^ 
tjoard.  pnnter.  floppy.  S-100  bus,  RSZ32,  etc 

The  Sopw  Ell  comes  compfete  with  pow^r  supply 
-^?:i'^  detailed  1?7  patge  mstnjction  manortl  which 
includes  m^^  40  pages  of  sotrwrire,  including  a 
series  Of  lessons  to  ti«ip  get  you  ^tart^  and  a 
music  prognam  and  graphics  targeft  gani&  Marty 
schools  ianri  universities  are  using  the  Super  Ell  as 
a  cDur&a  ol  study.  OEM's  us^e  it  tor  training  and 


B&D  A  moiMy  neii^letter  Questtl^^  dnotad 
eidieMy  ID  soitwvi  br  lie  Si^  B  and  ihetc 
am  mmy  sohware  ticoics  .iwrtiie  ai  low  o^ 

TheSu|KrBlo(ri4Mi¥ef  systeriiisiiciwaHaitAis  s^ 
a  series  of  b^ie  boards  as  w^  as  tuil  Idts  jrid 


Super  E?1  S35.00  Super  Eixpa^s^ 
$35.tW  Powtfr  Supply  $10. {)0  S-100  Color 
$35.00.  (}ynaniic  HAM  $441.00.  Msmmte  $1Q.0Q. 
Super  Basic  %^M. 

Free  14  Pago  Bmcliure 

Send  or  caEI  for  a  free  brochure  on  aH 

details  and  pricing  of  Iha  Super  Elf  and  its 
expansion.  Wa  will  qd  it  r^gh[  out  to  ycu! 


Quesi  Super  Basic  V5  J 

A  new  i!nhancfd  version  cf  Supef  Basic  now 
available  OuesI  was  the  first  cornpany  wortdwide 
rp  ship  a  lull  Si2e  Base  lor  1102  Syst^s  A 
complete  tbncrion  Sqlif  inic  by  Ron  Ctllif 
mduding  lloiUfig  poinl  c^»bthty  wilti  ^Cteintilc 
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data  and  mathjf)*  language  prognms.  and  ovei 
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StSfM  and  PafaM  1 0  rpirtin«$  tfidud^ 
Super  Basic  on  CKseHc  (45  DO. 


RoGlwell  AIM  65  Compuler 
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meric  dt^play  BOM  manior,  fulty  expartdable 
|4lf,DQ.  4K  version  $431.00  4K  Assembler 
ll^M.  BK  Basic  Inierprgt^r  £59.00 

Speaal  small  powsr  supply  &v  gA  24V  5A 
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%U%m  Complex  AIM  e&  tn  thin  tfmsm  with 
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A^  fi&IOM/SYM'Siiper  Bf  44  pii  eKpansaon 
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Super  Color  MOQ  Video  Kit  imm 

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158     73  Magazine  •  Juiy,  1982 


RAMSEY 


ELECTRONICS 

"  62  lnc> 


PARTS  WAREHOUSE 


We  now  have  available  a  bunch  ot  goodres  too 
good  to  bypass    Items  are  Umited  so  order  today 


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FM 

MINI 

MIKE 


less  m^^te  kiV  Transmtts  a  siibJe 
Signal  up  to  3O0  yirds  with  e^cep- 
tmnji  Audio  qualify  by  means  oi  its 
built  m  #l«<Tr«i  miiie  Kit  trudiuam^ 
case  JTi^iht.  on-^lT  SMrilci'i  antenna, 
batlety  and  luper  tnslruclJc^s  Titis 
IS  me  itr^^i  umi  ivaiiatite 

ritfi.S  Kit  S14.9i 

F  M  3  Wif  Kl  ana  T«l«*  l  »-95 


Color  Organ 

See  music  come 
aliye'  3  differenr 
ftghts  flicker  i^ith 
music  One  light 
each  ^or,  high, 
mid-rafige  and 
lows  Each  indi- 
vidiiaFiy  adjust- 
able and  dinves  up 
to  300  W  ruris  on 
110  VAC 

Complete  Itrt, 
ML-T 
$S.t5 


Vli»*0  ModulptorKII 
Convnrlfii  4inv  TV  la  vid'&Q  mpnilAiT     Sup^f 

sEjiMn  !uri4bl«  Gvet  ch  A-B  Runs  on  5- 
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Ihs  mflrJia[<    Complfrfp  kii,  VO-t        fT.Si 


Ud  Blink y  Kll 
A  greal  attentton  get- 
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flashes  2  ]umba  LEDs 
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buttons      warfitng 
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Huns  on  S  to  15  votts 
Ctfnplfrte  kit  BL-t 
t2.ftS 


3tJp#r  Sl«uth 
A  sup^rspn^irivg  ampli- 
her  which  WJil'  pick  up  a 
pin  drop  si  15  feet^  Great 
tor  monitonng  baby  s 
room  Of  as  gen^fai  pur- 
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rms  outpuT  furls  on  6  to 
15  tfofts.  i^es  ft-45  ohm 

CQ«npl9ttkii  aN-9 


CPO'1 

Runs  on  3't3  Vdc  t  »aM  t>i/f  i  KH^  opod  tor  QPO. 

Aii'm  Audio  Oscillatof     CompJ^ip  kif  S$.9$ 


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CLOCK  KITS 

Youf  o4d  favorllpi  mrs  here  m^ain     Ov«r  7,DCH)Si>ld  to  Data. 
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Try  your  hand  at  building  the  finest  lookittg  clock  on  the 
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Clock  with  10  mm.  ID  timer   12/24  hour.  DC-10  $29.95 

Alarm  clock.  12  hour  only,  DC-8  $29.95 

12V  DC  car  clock.  DC-7  129  95 

For  wired  and  tested  clocks  add  StO  00  to  kit  price 
SPECIFY  t2  OR  24  HOUR  FORMAT 


FM  WJre1«tt  MJke  Kit 

■ransnrviis  up  to  300'  to 
my  FM  tiraadcast  ra- 
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nike  Rurss  on  3  to  9V 
las  added  sensitive   rruhe   prearnp 

M-1  kll    13.95  FM-2  Kit     $4.9S 


Type  FM-2 


Whisper  Light  KM 

An  interesting  kiL  smail  rrnke 
picks  idp  sounds  and  converts 
Them  ro  hght     The  louder  the 
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Includesi  mike,  controls  up  to 
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Complete  kit,  WL-1 
£6.95 


Tone  0«CO<l«f 
A  cDirrpiete  tone  deco^ 
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5000      Hj     adjusiabfe 
range  uia  M  turri  pot.  voltage  regu- 
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Can  also  be  used  as  a  stable  tone 
encoder    Runs  on  ft  to  13  wqlts. 
Complete  Nit,  TOi      SS.^S 


Car  Clock 

Ttw  tiN-tCIT,  only  5  ■atd«r  c^nnactiont 


mifjill      Clcn:*i  mnvpmfint  i^  compieT^ly  AtffimbFmJ   —   you  onry  iD^dt^   3  wif#*  and  ? 

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172.95 


DC '3  kit   t?  hauf  fotmal 
DC'9  wir^c^  anrj  realed 


tn  9i 


UnivtfiaJ  Timer  Kit 

Pfovt^des  rne  aasic  parts  anu  PC 
^hc^fd  re^uirfrd  to  provide  a  source 
3i  pteCisiOn  timing  and  pulse 
^netation  Uses  555  tirn«f  tc  and 
ncfuij«  a  rar>g#  o^  pftrts  for  mott 
lifntng  needs 

UT-5  Kit  tS.i5 


Mad  Blaster  Kit 

Produces  tOUD  ear  sTiatteriifvfi  and 
atletition  getimg  siren  it  it  sound 
Can  Supply  up  lo  IS  watti  ot 
Ot»nOkiOu$  «ud»o  Pbai^tyi^iS  VDC 


SJren  Kit 
Prodyces  upward  and  downward 
wai^  characteristic  of  a  poltce 
siren.  5  W  peak  audio  output  runs 
on  3-15  volts  uses  ^-45  ohm 
speaker  . 
Compile  UvL  SM-3  S2.95 


Cai«ndaf  Alanii  Ctocti 
The  ClocK  treats  got  il  Jtlt  6  5  LED*. 
l2'2*r\Qut  snooie  24  hour  alarm  4 
year  calendar  battery  baciiup  and 
lotsi  mo**  Ttie  super  700 T  ctiip  is 
used  Sue  5k4]i2'  .nches  CompUrle 
kit  tens  case  I  not  avai^iatitei 
DC'9  W4M 


MB-t  Krt 


Ut& 


«lHxtVMSaH 

f 

1i#s<n 

5- »«  VOC    I  <!•  rv«i^  It 

Snp)  T 

mm 

'lllgw■^  art«^«v  tfi  f  Kja 

BW 

ttf 

^*a;¥ 

t«K 

Under  D««fi  C*r  Clock 

I  jf-  7-4  h  ou*  >:  ioc«  >  n  jf  t»4k!  h  f  lh  pi  III  ha;  (.mm  f*tnat*% 
A  itimtiQ  HED  LE&$  higH  acCuriCii  I  POi>i  tliv 
S  tnfir  tiCIOkilp  HiSIMt  WH***  ftMlk  i^pMjitrv  *nid 
iLfPrr  ''•SlPt£t4;n&    Opt4A«i  ainwnpf  rinicwnilirc'i^i 

CMC '  ^  T  clcK^  «Jln  is4iQ  iw-^t  #*  (tf  r  B  4  M 


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.    ...  .-^iq  wiipp)  mt  ko*ef  case  lopMinaii  knd  hn  RS  ^1?  vpa Tflnii,  .-.-.-^ 
HE  44.1^  inrrnmtf  cvtf  «fl  udd  ^1^ 00  »(if  attvid  u#M| 

t:F    V4fhl1«t0i#>l 


.j,a.|t^r'i^i>-.r._t.  T  I'ta"*  I 


IC  SPECIALS 


LINiAR 


01 
9P 

6r 

4sa 

9114 

W3B 


*» 


I    35 

It  50 
S  45 
II  00 
t1  00 

ti  oo 
II  as 

I  H 

t  » 

U  IS 


CMOS 


READOUTS 

'□3911  A-  CL  11.00 

JDS0F/S12   B"CA  too 

«N  7?:HP7?30   M-C  4       1  » 

»f»i  43rC*  l« 


TRANSISTORS 

tam*HPHC*r  «kiioii 

om  «^4fi  c*F  ti^i  m 

«4iafwPmC'F  iiriiae 

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■OaC^F  4rt1.lB 

Jim  t#«i  ^tfip  11  s 

«w  T  A  Mm  tOM  JiSt4» 

■»  ta«^  ^MP  40W  iiTt.aa 

>f  ^laaifflio*  tJM 

•N3»ttft«t>R  la^vfo 

IP  »«  Tv|M   7>n  HfUJO 

»4eujT  vum 


TTL 


74S(M] 

7447 

7475 

7490 

74196 


S  .40 

I  65 
S  SO 
S   50 

S1.35 


SPECJAL 


nC90 

1011§ 

7MS 

7207  A 

72160 

7107C 

5314 

537SAB^G 

7001 


S^5m 

I  1.2S 

S17.50 
S  550 
£2100 
S12  50 
S  2.96 
S  2.95 
S  6  50 


FERRITE  BEADS 

Aiir«  »iiu  art^tt  tl,#{  I.       i|<'||  Ht 

6  Moc-t*  flail  in  fl4>*iJ<i         |f|1  00 


Socktti 

a  Pin  10/12.00 

t4  Pin  10.  S2  00 

te  Pin  10/S2.00 

24  Pin  4f$2  00 

za  pin  4^ta.M 

40  Pin  1/S3.CK] 


Dfod'H 

5  -}  V  Zener  20/$t.OO 
1N9H  Type  SO^*t  00 
!KV  2Anio  S^ST  00 
i»ODV  tAmp     IS/SI  00 


ReftUtor  Ais't 

Assort  mi?  ni  lmT  PopuJar  vsJues  -  '■■j 
watt.  Cul  lead  tor  PC  mouniting.  v" 
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more 

S1.SC 


Mmi  Toggle  SPOT  SI. 00 

Red  Pushhtitlons  U  O         3/Sl.tM 


Earphontf 
3"  lead^qi  B  ehffl»  90CK}  *o^  umaii  lofie 
$pe4b>^r$  ftiirfn  If  locii  etc 

5  tor  f  1. 00 


t  Afim  Sp«dtvt 
rypt  tor  '*  :     .    '   i^^^r 


Cryilali 

3  5795^6    MHZ  it-SD 

10  00000   MHZ  SS.OO 

5  24&&00   MHZ  tS.OO 


AC  Adftpl*!* 

QcchtJ    iQr    clocks  ftie^d 

chftfOtfri^lll  ttO  VAC  ptu^ 
O^ff  poo 

S  5  Tdc  id  70  ifiA  1 1  SO 

ifi  VK  0  140mA  12  SO 

1?  vacP290inA  t3  OO 


Stat*  Bul£«ri 
bu.{!jc*  4^  HJt    AS  d3    %ciund 


Slug  Tuned  Coift 
Sman  3.16    Hei  SHijgs  turned  coit 
3  turns  10  tO*  SI. 00 


AC  QuUet 

Panel  Mount  witn  lea  fit 

4/1100 


CAPACITORS 

TWIIT4LUV 

1.5  uF  25V3/S1.00 
1.euF25V3/S1  00 
.22uF25V3/tt.OO 


ALUHIhUfel 

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10  Nf"  1!^Vfif,di3i10,'|I.CM 


01  i«v  di^i    JO  11  DC 
t  tfiv  14  n  on 

001    l«H/  20  IT  » 


DC'DC  CDnv«n*r 

*5  VdC  inpLfl  prgd    -9  ydC  (K'  3D  mo 
+  9  wdc  prcKJucfi!* -ISydccSj^Smp.  i1.35 


?5K  M  Turn  Tnjti  Poi    lt,00 
1 K  20  Turn  Trtm  Pot    f  50 


Cerafnlc  IF  F I  Iters 

Mini  corarnic  lilters/kHz 

B.W  455kH/S1,5Qea. 


It 


Trlmm*'  C«p« 

5prftguB  -  :3^40  pt 

Sltbl*  Poiypr[>pyl^nE! 


Audio 
Prescftltr 

Meike  hiqhi  resclution  audio 
rTit'cii^iir'ni^nis,  great  for  musical 
instrument  tuning,  PL  tones,  etc 
Multiplies  Audio  UP  in  frequency, 
selectable  «10  op  kIOO:  gives  01 
HZ  resolution  with  t  sec  gale 
Um&^  High  sensitivity  of  25  mv,  1 
meg  input  i  and  byilt-iri  filtering 
gives  great  performance  Run^ 
on  9V  banery  aH  CMOS 
PS-2  k*1  $2^.95 

PS-2  wired  $3§  tS 


600  MHz 
PRESCALER 

Extend  the  range  of  your 
courfter  lo  600  MHz  Works 
with  all  counters  Less  than 
150  Ttv  sensitivity  specify- 
to  or  -100 

Wired,  tested  PS-IB  $59.95 
KjI    PS-IB  S44.95 


30  Wsti  2  mir  PWR  AMP 

Simple  Class  C  po*er  amp  features  8tifnes  power  gairt  1  Win 
for  g  out.  2  W  in  for  IS  out.  4Wir>  for  30ou1  Max  output  of  35  W. 
ir>cfedibie  value,  complete  *i!h  all  parts,  less  case  arK(  T-R  relay 
PA'1 ,  dO  W  pwr  amp  kit  %22.B5 

TR-1.  RF  sensed  T-R  relay  ki!  6.^5 


MRF'?3B  tr  an  $151  or  as  used  in  PAi 

e-IOdbqa-in    ISO  mtij  111.95 


'    Pi^Hcr  Supply  Kit 
Compieie     mpie 


RF  actuated  relay  senses  RF 

[1  Wi  and  closes  DPOT  relay 

For  RF  sensed  T-R  relay 

TR-1  Kit    $6.9S 


fef]iL>tBieit  power 
supply  proyjdes  variable  6to18vonsat 
200  maand^SatlAmp  £jiceflent  load 
regtilalFon    good  Flllerinc]  and  smaN 

SljT'P    Les^  Trdnsiarmirrs,  r^tquires  S  3  V 

r4 1  A  and  24  VCT 

Complete  kii.  PS-3LT  ifi.95 


Cnfilal  Wicfophont 
Small  1  dLznie1«f  v  thiek 
Cfystat  rnfke  carl'   "  ;-    %  75 


Coax  ConrHector 

Chassis  mount 

3NC  type  II. DO 


25  AMP 
100V  Bridge 
$1.50  each 

Mini-Bridge  60V 

1  Af^P 

2  tor  $1.00 


Mmj  RG'i74  CoaK 
10  n   tor  SI  00 


9  Von  Bmntj  Cnp« 

F^rtiE  qiifl'  ■\  S  tor  H  00 


J.%fz  ttTcnQ^et  #«C    tJtO*  ^i^4    #t«£tKi?n 
«fli  mg  iioo  pel  tt.ae^t  Mg  nSOO  pci  tUA 


fi  itftTt  1vp«  ^idco^lAcim  iar 


-  youf  Choice  E^ease  specify 
Mifu  Re<l.  Jum&o  F^eO  H»gh  Infensty  Red  lllumintiDf  Red  «/l1 
Mint  Yellow  Ju«nbO  Yenow.  Jumbo  Gre«n  i/f  1 


Motorola  MV  ?20i  30  PF  NdmrnBl  c«p  JTO-SO  PF  -  turm&l*  nnps 

311  m»ch  or  3^11  00 


OP^AMP  Special 
Bt<f  ET  LF  1 374 1  -  Drrect  pin  tor  pm  74 1  compatitire,  but  500  000  MEG 
Hipul  J.  iuper  low  50  pa  input  current,  low  povner  drain 
se  for  only         %9  OQ  10  tef  f  7  OH 


rSMG 
79MG 
723 
309iC 

7BIK 


f1^ 
f1.2S 
i.50 

fi.is 

S1.0D 


n#0ulaflOf9 


7Bt2 

7B15 

791? 

791S 


11  00 
t1  00 
«1  2S 
St  2$ 
f1^ 


Stlflnh  Tutting  IMn 


Thnnh  r&   «     Gtvmi  tb' 


&I1^»1W 


Wni  TO-92  H«al  Sitrkt 
trwriti^itcrf  firana  %  far  11.00 


Opto  Isolators  -  4N28  type 

Opio  Refiectofs  -  Pt^oto  diode  *  LED 


H 


$.50 
SI. 00 


Molai  Pint 
Moh»!(  airaady  pracui  in  ttngr?^  01 7  f^eftiei 
lor  M  pin  lodiett    30  ■tripi  Tor  ti.00 


CDS  PhoiDcvHt 
Rsmlince  varies  wrnh  iighi 

Qiver  3  meg 


iiot  )1.00 


'See  t/sl  <Jif  Advertisers  on  p^ge  U4 


73 Magazine  •  JulyJ982    157 


.^. 


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ISS     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


•  SSB 
LINKS     •  REPEATERS 
flECEIVERS     •  PREAMPS 


TRANSMimSS QUALITY  VHF/UHF  KITS 


TRANScYlVERS  •POWER  SUPPLIES  •  PA'S  AT  AFFORDABLE  PRICES 


FM-5  PC  Board  Kit-ONLY  $159.95 

complete  with  controls,  heatsmk,  etc. 


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1 0  watts,  5  Channels,  for6M,  2M,  or  220 


HIGH  QUALITY  FM  MODULES  FOR 
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R76  VHF  FM  RECEIVER  for  10M,  6M, 
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select! vily  options.  Kits  from  $64.95  to  $109.95 

R450  UHF  FM  RECEIVER  for  380-520  MHz 

bards.  Kits  in  selectivity  option  3  from  $94.95 

R1 10  VHF  AM  RECEIVER  Kit  for  vhf  aircraft 
band  or  ham  bands.  Only  $84.95. 


COR  KITS  With  audio  mixer  and  speaker 
amplifier.  Only  $29.95. 

CWID  KITS  156  bits,  field  pfogrammabla 
clean  audio.  Only  $59.95. 

A1 6  RF  TIGHT  BOX  Deep  drawn  afum.  case 
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Only  $18.00. 

SCANNER  CONVERTERS  Copy  72-76, 
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O 

s 


160     73 Magazine  •  July,  1982 


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>ee  Lisi  of  Advert fsers  on  pag&  1 14 


TOMagazine  *  July,  1982    161 


DEALER  DIRECTORY 


Fboenix  AZ 

The  ^j<uthvveiit'!S  miPt  p^Clg^?^,v!Vl"  ttntirnuiilcft' 
tiovA   tuirapnny   stwkins    Keiiwmxl,    Icfjm, 

Hy-Cain,  liuHrcal,  and  imirv.  Wciuld  like  to 
st-rvevcHil  Pmwf  Com munkolioix'i Corp.*  1640 
West  Cgat^hmk  Hd.,  Pboenii  AZ  !S50I5, 
S41  Watt 

Fontana  CA 

Compkte  liiMs  JCOM.  DenTron,  T«fi-T«-, 
Mingi^  Cublc^  LuruT^  0%vt  4000  ekik'tjuuk 
pfoducti  Icir  lifiibti:^^^  f*A«iHjnt  cxpcft- 
■iMMiiw  Also  CB  famo.  Undmuibile.  F«rimM 
&ettqpfci.  8iS8  Saim  Av«,^  Fontan  CA 
BS33S,  8SS-77tO. 


Son  Diago  CA 

We  buy  and  Aidi  Surplus  Arniy  Nav7  ¥l\ 
Ironies.,  iili«ci  Termlmtted  Miitt!rLu].  What  do  yoti 
wan!  In  sell?  Writs  br  cafnlftffiu'.  I'^Joctmniq- 
lo^v-n.  [1K\.  444)-ltli  Avenutf,  PO  Box  2ll4«,  San 
Diu-guCAUei  12,  232-937©. 

Sail  Jose  CA 

Bay  wttm^  ninh^t  Amateur  Hftdioittif».  New-  & 
ushJ  Amateur  Hadtosaks^  servtot^  We  featuTE' 
^BUhtMl  I  COM,  A^dsL.  Yaeiu.  Ten-Tec^ 
Samtee  &  many  nKXC.  Shavcnr  EUdia^  Inc.*  I37fi 
S<».  BsinHrt  A^-c. .  ^n  Jose  CA  3SI28,  gee-1103. 

Smyma  GA 

Forymr  K<mviTXxl,  Yaeai,  ICOM,  Dnke  and 
olliB'  amatifur  needs,  axdr  la  ifitf  ut.  BffEMTt 
Two-^  av  Hadio,  2906  N.  AtUnU  Bd..  Sm^-nui 
CA  30060*  43t-&aOR. 

Fieston  ID 

Ross  WB71JVZ  has  the  Larj^isl  Stuck  oF  Ama- 
teur  Gear  in  thu,"  [nteimDuntalii  WmX  and  the 
Best  Priw^.  Call  mc  for  all  vonr  hjim  needs, 
Eos  Dblriliutinjg*  TB  S(».  Slalc,  Ptcrton  ID 
83263.  ?>52J)830: 

Terre  Haute  IN 

Youj  luifn  hiadquftttBT  kicated  i:n  the  heart  cif 
the  mixtvisl  tlDo^er  HcLtniiiai.  Inc*.  ^ 
xMewknn^  Ccntef «  P.O.  Ben  330Q«  Tcnc  Haufe 
[N  47itt0.  33B-1456, 

Uttletcm  MA 

Ttff  ham  iloTP  of  N.t.  S'ou  tan  rrh  on.  Ken- 
wood, ICOM*  WiLson,  IeWu,  tX-nf  mn,  fclAl 
ampK,  B&W  ^wilfhis  &  wuttme<Pfi.  VVhL*itlef 
rftcuir  du^tinHor^,  llearc^t,  He^'^rtcy^  uiiti'nii^  bv 
Uratn,  WilH>n,  iiuitler,  GAM.  TEl,  COM 
[(ic,  Ccimnuinit^tlcins  &  Elet^tiiHiic^t.  675  Crcal 
Rd..  Rt.  1  la,  Ijlfltlon  MA  OUIiO.  4^6-3040. 


Phikdelphifl  PA/ 
Camden  N| 

WBvejpjldt;  fit  Coaxial  Mlprowuvct  Components 
fie  lt:quipiin<!nt.  Laboratory'  Crude  TeiA  In- 
slmmf'n.Li,  Power  SuppUei,  Buy.  Sdl  &  Trade 
all  po|mW  makjB— HP,  CR,  FXH,  ESI.  Soren- 
scti*  Singer,  *<c,  Lectrank  Racanch  l-als,  1423 
Feny  Avr,.  Camdeii  \J  t)6l04,  541-4200, 

Amsterdam  NY 
UPSTATE  NEW  YORK 

Kaiwood,  lODM,  Drake,  plus  mam-  other 
liAo.  AnkateurDeakrfaravis3Syw^-  Adinxi- 
dadt  nadk  Stifipiv,  Inc.  *  ISS  W«rt  Mvn  Str^t^ 
Aiiideniam  NT  iklO.  S42p8350. 

Syraciise-Rome-Uticfl  NY 

rVo  Luting:  Ketisvood,  Yd4^ti,  ICOM,  Drake, 
Ten-TiK,  Swan,  EtenTrtMi,  Alpha,  Bubt>t,  MFJ. 
Temiw,  A^ttion^  KLM^  Hy  (ijtln,  Mrdcy,  I^r- 
st'n,  Cn^ht'raft,  Hustler,  Mini  Pn ducts.  You 
won't  Ijc  disaijpotnt I'd  with  wjul|niwnt/seTV"tce- 
Radk)  Worid.  Oneida  Coutth'  Aiiport'Ttntli^ 
nal  BiiiMJng.  Ofukim  NT  134£4«  337-41203. 


Coluinbiis  OH 

Tiitf  biifga^  aAd  bst  Ham  iiUnr  in  the  inJdwal 
(eiturinfE  qualitj-  Keni*txjd  products  witti 
working  dj^La^T.  Wf  t«tt  only  the  best. 
AuthuriicK^  Kenwcmd  Scwxitx.  Univeraal 
Amalmtr  Radio  Inc.^  t2S0  AkLa  Dr. .  Retmolds- 
burg  (ColiHiibus^  OH  430(»i.  Wm^^l.' 


Bend  OR 

SfltGllltt^  TV.  Known  brands.  Cul]  today  for 
mun^  hiformation  and  inquire  nbtJut  [Jiir  dealer 
pm|yai5i,  WESPEHCOM,  P.O.  Rod  7226, 
Bend  on  »nD3.  389-4)996. 


Scran  ton  PA 

lOOM,  Btrd^  Cmhcr^,  BedcmaaK  Fluloe. 
LanBi»  Hitftkr,  Alctienju  Speciiiliiisiv  A^tnm, 
.Avaflti.  Belden,  \I^2AU  \V2VS.  CDE,  AEA* 
\tbrtijilcs,  Ham-K<;>,  CES.  AflipSvni^  Som* 
Fanon/Courkr,  fi&W.  Ameco.  Shune.  LaRue 
DectPCfucA.  1L12  Crandview  St.*  Scrsntoa  PA 
i&308,  343-2124. 


Ann  Arbor  Ml 

See  \&  hn  pruduDis.  like  Ten-Tec.  K-  L.  Drske, 
DenTiwi  and  maj:i\'  mon?.  Open  Moodav 
tiaouA  Saturdav.  ^3830  in  17X.  ^^VCB', 
VI'BSUXO,  UTOOKN  uM  WERP  behind  the 
counter .  IWthade  Radio  SuppK',  327  E^  Hoovh- 
A^y.«  Aim  Aitwf  MI  -iSl^t  «^S-M0B. 


Hudson  NH 

New  Engjknd'^  Dtsbributor  and  .Authoriand.  Ser- 
vie?  Center  for  all  Major  AmatetLt  Line.  Tufts 
Radin  FJrctTonkTt.  Tnc..  Bl  Lowcl)  Road,  Ktid- 


Somerset  NJ 

New  |c.'ni4iy\  utily  fnctory^-fluthuriajd  ICOM 
fljid  yAmSU  dbitri  tutor,  I^rj^e  imttiilory  of  new 
and  used  j!,]:Kvlabv.  Most  Tnajur  bmnd^  in  stock. 
Com  pie  If  service  afld  lai' ill  ties.  RadtOf 
Unllmilcd,  1700  Easton  Avenue*  P,0.  Ba?i347* 
Somer^t  S)  08873.  4^-45dy. 

Buffalo  NY 
WESTERN  NEW  YORK 

Niafl^m  Frontier't  cxdy  fuD  stocMng  AinatEur 
deaiet.  Ako  Shotwa^'e,  CB,  Scamwtv  MaTtne, 
CkHmnerda],  Operatinjt  display?  featuritig 
KfHwnood  and  otbeis.  Towen.  Anteoiuis^  Sales 
and  Sm^iw.  D%  Cgwimujiira  tjatm,  3&14  Twmtt- 
sjt  aoul.  Wm  Ssieca  S)t\  G3&^M73, 


Dallas  TX 

Deial<?r  in  Used  Computer  Kurdwarc  &  EloC' 
litxiif  Parts.  Special  on  Diiiiiy  Wliiecl  Frinton. 
XeroH  Woid  PTOcessiiigEquipjntjnt,  Dual  Card 
Pnntcr<h  iiiwl  Di^pby  S;y'stt*ni.*;.  Catalog  $1,(1(1^ 
Rondun  Ccnnpanv  fThe  Oiniputer  Hoom) 
Drpt.  73.  2522  RuUiir  St.,  l>alLaa  TX  75i£3.<), 
630-4fi21 

San  Anionio  TX 

Ama(«Hi?,  ConnnBiul  2-ia>-  SdOing  Antexkiu 
S|)(n:iafiits,  Avanti^  A^xkii,  Riid,  Hv-Caio, 
Standaid*  VitHupist^  Midland,  Hciif>v  Cu^ 
cndt.  Dkkctnc  Bustfar,  ICOM«  MFI.  N>t. 
^urr,  Cubit,  Tempo.  Ten-Tec  and  olbm-  Ap- 
IiUancv  &  Equipment  Qi..  Inc.  2317  Vainx 
JackMtfi  Road,  San  Antonio  TX  78213, 
93S-3350. 

Vienna  VA 

Thi?  Wu.shington  metropfjliljin  urea's  leadirtjj 
supplitT  nl  the  latest  In  Aiiniiitrur  Htidiu  and  'Visit 
E^^uipment,  On  your  next  trip  to  the  Nation's 
Capital.  !<i:ap  b}'  and  see  us.  Eiectnaik  Equip- 
ment Eai^i.  Inc.,  516  Mill  St.  !S.£.*  Vioma  VA 


Syracuse^Central  NY 

HAM  HON K  FtAj:>lO  SAVES  US  tX)TOF 
on  ail  Iwinip  TtTi-Tw,  Hy<iain  ^  Kanironies 
Gear.  Fast,  [X'^iendable  Stnioe  lk.-foa"  fit  .\fter 
the  Salel  Servks  [&  Our  Main  Bmints5.1  Need 
Cash — Hain-IkiTke  will  sdl  yoiir  (|eai  for  10^ 
CDmmisdnn.  3S06  Erie  Blvd.  E..  Sytanne  NY 
13214,  446-3366, 


DEALERS 

Your  companif  name  aiid  message 
can  contain  up  to  25  words  for  as  lit- 
tle as  $150  yearly  (prepaid),  or  $15 
per  month  (prepaid  quarterly).  No 
mention  of  mail-order  business  or 
area  ctnie  permitted.  Directory  text 
arid  payment  must  reach  us  GO  days 
in  advance  of  publication.  Forei^am- 
pk\  advertimngfor  the  Sept.  '82  issue 
must  be  in  our  hands  by  Juhy  1st. 
Ma^  ta  73  Magazine,  Peterborou^ 
NH  03458.  ATTN:  Nancy  Cmrnpa. 


PROPAGATION 


J.  H.  Nelson 
4  Plymouth  Dr 
Whiting  NJ  08759 


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A  =  Next  higher  frequency  may  also  be  useful 
B  =  Difficult  circuit  this  period. 

First  letter  s:  night  waves.  Second  =  day  waves. 

G  =  Goodt  F  =  Fair,  P  =  Poor.  *=  Chance  of  solar  flare&. 

#  =  Chance  of  aurora. 

NOTE  THAT  NJQHT  WAVE  LETTER  NOW  COMES  RBST. 


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162     73 Magazine  •  Jury,  1982 


Fleatier  Sen/ce  tor  facing  pag»  ^83- 


New  Yaesu  FT- 102  Series 

Transceiver  of  Champions! 


The  tong-awafted  new  generation  of  Yaesu  HF  technology  has  arrived  I  New  research  in 
improved  receiver  fittering  and  spectral  purity  is  brought  to  bear  In  the  competition-bred 
FT-102f  the  HF  transceiver  designed  for  active  Amateurs  on  today *s  intensely  active  bandsl 


lique  Cascaded  Fffter  System 

«  FT-102  utilizes  a^  advanced  8.2  MHz  and  455  kHz  IF  system,  capable  of 
:^ting  as  many  as  three  fillers  In  cascade.  Optional  fifters  ol  2.9  kHzJ.8 
7,  600  Hz,  and  300  Hz  may  be  combined  with  the  two  stock  2.9  kHz  filters  for 
crating  flexibility  youVe  nevef  seen  in  an  HF  trafisceiver  before  nowf 
New  Receiver  Front  End 

lizing  husky  junction  ti eld-effect  tmnsistors  in  a  24  voK,  high-current  design, 
1  FT-102  front  end  features  a  iow*d(stort)on  RF  preampftfier  that  may  be  by- 
^ised  via  a  front  panel  switch  when  not  needed. 
Notch  and  Audio  Peak  Filler 

lighly  effective  455  kHz  IF  Notch  Fffter  provides  supert  rejection  of  hetero- 
ses, carriei^,  and  ott^er  annoying  mterference  appearing  within  the  IF  pass- 
ed. On  CW,  the  Audio  Peak  Filter  may  be  switched  in  during  extremely  tight 
-up  conditions  for  post-detection  signal  enhancement 
riabie  IF  Bandwidth  with  iF  Shift 

!  F- 102  "s  double  conversion  receiver  features  Yaesu  *s  time -proven  Variable 
idwidth  System,  which  utilizes  the  cascaded  IF  filters  to  provide  intermediate 
idwidths  such  as  2,1  kHz,  1 ,5  kHz,  or  dOO  Hz  simply  by  twisting  a  dial.  The 
iable  Bandwidth  System  is  used  in  conjunction  with  the  IF  Shift  control, 
ch  allows  the  operator  to  center  the  IF  passband  frequency  response  without 
ying  the  incoming  signal  pitch, 

ie/Narrow  Filter  Selection 

sending  on  the  exact  combination  of  optional  filters  you  choose,  a  variety  of 
'e/narrow  operating  modes  may  be  selected.  For  example,  you  may  set  up 
kHz  in  SSB/WIDE.  1 J  kHz  In  SSB/NARROW,  then  select  1 .8  kHz  for  CW/ 
5E,  and  600  Hz  or  300  Hz  for  CW/NARROW.  Or  use  the  Variable  Bandwidtii 
set  your  SSB  bandwidth,  and  use  600  Hz  for  CW/WIDE  and  300  Hz  for 
/NARROW!  No  Other  manufacturer  gives  you  so  much  flextbiirty  in  selecting 
r  responses! 

iable  Pula«  Width  Nofee  Blanker 

lion  noise,  tfit  "Woodpecker."  and  power  line  noise  are  modem-day  ene- 
s  of  effective  Amateur  operation.  The  FT- 102  Noise  Blanker  offers  improved 
Iking  action  on  today's  man-made  noise  sources  {ttiough  no  blanker  can 
linate  ail  forms  of  band  noise)  (or  more  solid  copy  under  adverse  conditions. 

i  Distortion  Audio/ J F  Stage  Design 

r  that  dynamic  range,  stability,  and  AGC  problems  have  been  largely  efimi- 
id  thanks  to  improved  technology.  Yaesu  s  engineers  have  put  particulaf 
ition  on  maximizing  intelligence  recovery  In  the  receiver.  Wliile  elementary 
r cascading  schemes  often  degrade  performance,  the  FT-102's  unique  blerid 
rystal  and  ceramic  IF  filters  plus  audio  tone  control  provides  very  low  phase 
y,  reduced  passband  ripple,  and  hence  increased  recovery  of  information. 


Heavy  Duty  Thre#-Tube  Final  Amplifier 

The  FT*102  final  ampMler  uses  ttiree  6146B  tubes  ^r  imm  constetenl  power 
output  and  improved  reliability.  Using  up  to  10  dB  of  RF  negaive  feedback,  the 
FT-102  transmitter  ihird-order  distortion  products  are  ripicajly  40  dfl  down, 
giving  you  a  studio  quality  output  signal 

Dual  Metering  Syetam 

Adopted  from  the  new  FT-ONE  transceiver,  the  Ouaf  Metenng  System  provides 
simultaneous  display  of  ALC  voltage  on  one  meter  along  with  metering  of  plate 
voltage,  cathode  current,  relative  power  output,  or  clipping  Jevel  on  the  other. 
This  system  greatly  simplifies  proper  adjustment  of  the  transmitter* 

MIcroDhor^e  Amplifier  Tone  Control 

Recognizing  the  differences  in  voice  ctiaracterlstics  of  Amateur  operators, 
Yaesu 's  engineers  have  incorporated  an  ingenious  microphone  amplifier  tone 
control  circuit,  which  allows  you  to  tailor  the  treble  and  bass  response  of  the 
Fr-102  transmitter  for  best  fidelity  on  your  speech  pattern. 

RF  Speech  Proceseor 

The  built-in  RF  Speech  Processor  uses  true  RF  clipping,  for  improved  talk  power 
under  difficult  conditions-  The  clipping  type  speech  processor  provides  cleaner, 
more  affective  "puneti''  for  your  signal  than  simpler  cIrculU  used  in  other 
transmitters. 

VOX  with  Front  Panel  Controfe 

The  FT-102  standard  package  includes  VOX  for  hands-free  operation.  Both  the 
VOX  Gain  and  VOX  Delay  controls  are  located  on  the  front  panel,  for  maximum 
operator  convenience, 

IF  Monitor  Circuit 

For  easy  adjustment  of  the  RF  Speech  Processor  or  for  recording  both  sides  of  a 
conversation,  an  IF  monitor  circuit  is  provided  in  the  transmiter  section.  When 
the  optional  AM/FM  unit  is  installed,  Itie  IF  monitor  may  be  used  for  proper 
setting  of  the  FM  deviation  and  AM  mic  gain. 

WARC  B8f>d9  Factory  Installed 

The  FT*102  is  factory  equipped  for  operation  on  all  present  and  proposed 
Amateur  bands,  so  you  won't  liave  to  worry  about  retrofrtling  capability  on  your 
transceiver.  An  extra  AUX  band  position  is  avajEabie  on  ttte  bandsw^tch  for 
special  applications. 


Full  Line  Of 

For  maximum  operating  flexibility,  see  your  Auttiorized  Dealer  for  details  of  the 
complete  line  of  FT-102  accessories.  Coming  soon  are  the  FV-1020M 
Synthesized  VFO.  SP-102  Speaker/ Audio  Filter,  a  full  line  of  optional  filters  and 
microphones,  and  ttie  AM/FM  Unit, 


Price  And  Speciftcallons  Subject  To 
Change  Without  Notice  Of  Obf>gatton 


W 


The  radio. 


T«fW 


YAESU  ELECTRONICS  CORP.,  6851  Walthall  Way,  Paramount,  CA  90723  •  (213)  633-4007 
YAESU  Eastern  Service  Ctr.,  9812  Princeton-Glendale  Rd.»  Cincinnati,  OH  45246  •  (513)  674-3100 


• 


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Superior  dynamic  range,  auto,  antenna  tuner, 
QSK,  dual  NB,  2  VFO's,  general  coverage  receiver. 


The  TS'930S  is  a  superlative p  high  per- 
formance, ail-solid  state p  HF  transceiver 
keyed  to  the  exacting  requirements  of  the 
DX  and  contest  operator.  It  covers  all 
Amateur  bands  from  160  through  10 
meters,  and  incorporates  a  150  kHz  to 
30  MHz  general  coverage  receiver  having 
an  excellent  dynajnlc  range. 
Among  Hs  otber  important  feat  ores  uc, 
S8B  slope  tuntingt  CW  VBT»  IF  notch  fiiter* 
CW  pitch  control,  dual  digital  VFO^s.  CW 
full  break-in*  automatic  antenna  tuner, 
and  a  higher  voltage  operated  solid  state 
final  amplifier.  It  Is  available  with  or 
without  the  AT-930  automatic  antenna 
toner  built-in* 
TS-930S  FEATUKES; 

*  160-10  Meters,  with  150  kHz  *  30  MHz 
general  coverage  receiver. 

Covers  all  Amateur  frequencies  from  160-10 
meters,  including  new  WARC.  30, 17.  and 
12  meter  bands,  on  SSB.  CW.  FSK.  and  AM. 
Features  150  kHz  -  30  MHz  general  cover- 
age receiver.  Separate  Amateur  band 
access  keys  allow  speedy  band  selection. 
UP/DOWN  bandswitch  changes  tn  1-MHz 
steps.  A  new.  innovative,  quadruple  con- 
version, digital  FLL  synthesized  circuit 
provides  superior  frequency  accuracy  and 
stabllit\^  plus  greatly  enhanced  selecUvity. 

*  Excellent  receiver  dynamic  range. 
Receiver  two- tone  dvnamic  range*  100  dB 
typical  t20  meters.  5'00  Hz  CW  bandwidth. 
at  senslUvity  of  0.25  iiv,  S/N  10  dB), 
provides  the  ultimate  In  rejection  of 

IM  distortion. 

*  All  solid  state,  2S  volt  operated 
final  amplifier. 

The  final  amplifier  operates  on  28  VDC  for 
lowest  IM  distortion.  Power  Input  rated  at 
250  W  on  SSB.  CW,  and  FSK.  and  al 
80  W  on  AM.  Final  amplifier  protection 
circuit  with  cooling  fan,  SWR/Power 
meter  built-in. 

*  Automatic  antenna  tuner,  built -Inn. 
Available  with  AT-930  antenna  tuner  built- 
in*  or  as  an  option.  Covers  Amateur  bands 
80-10  meters,  including  the  new  WARC 
bands.  Tuning  range  automatically 


pre- selected  with  band  selection  to  mini- 
mize tunins*  time,  "AUTO-THRU^  switch  on 
front  panet 

*  CW  fnii  break  in. 

CW  full  break-in  circuit  uses  CMOS  Io0c  10 
plus  reed  relay  for  maximum  flexiblhty. 
coupled  wllh  smooth,  quiet  operation. 
Switchable  to  semi -break-in. 

•  Dual  digital  VFO's. 

10-Hz  step  dual  digital  VFO's  Include  band 
information.  Each  VFO  tunes  continuously 
from  band  lo  band.  A  large,  heavy,  ilywheel 


*  Fluorescent  tube  digital  display. 

Fluorescent  tube  digital  display  has  ana!- 
type  sub-scale  wnili"20-kH?.  steps.  Separp 
2  digit  display  indicates  KIT  frequency  si 
'  RF  speech  processor. 

RF  clipper  t^^pe  processor  provides  higjie 
avera^  'talk-powerr  plus  improved  inte 
gfbfUty.  Separate  "IN'  and  ^OUT"  front 
panel  level  controls. 
'  One  year  warranty. 
The  TS-930S  carries  a  one  year  limited 
warranty  on  parts  and  labor. 


type  knob  is  used  for  improved  tuning  ease,  other  features: 


T,F,  Set  switch  allows  fast  transmit 
frequency  setting  for  split-frequency  opera- 
tions. A— B  swltcn  for  equalizing  one  VFO 
frequency  to  the  other  VFO  ''Lock''  switch 
provided'.  HIT  control  for  ±9.9  kHz  receive 
frequency  shift. 

*  Eight  memory  channels. 

Stores  both  frequency  and  band  informa- 
tion. VFO-MEMO  switch  allows  use  of  each 
memory  as  an  independent  VFO.  (tlie 
original  memorv'^  frequency  can  be  recalled 
at  Willi,  or  as  a  tlxed  frequency.  Internal 
Battery  memory  bark-up-  estiinated  1  year 
life.  (Batteries  not  Kenwood  supplied). 

*  Dual  mode  noise  blanker  [*'pislsc'* 
or  '^woodpecker-). 

NB-1.  with  threshold  control  for  pulse -typt* 
noise.  NB'2  for  longer  duration 
"woodpecker"  t>'pe  noise. 

'  55B  IF  slope  tuning. 

Allows  independent  adjustment  of  the  low 
and/ or  high  frequency  slopes  of  the  IF 
passband.  for  best  Interference  rejection. 
'  CW  VBT  and  pitch  controls. 
CW  VB'r  (Variable  Band\^idth  TuninjE*) 
control  tunes  out  interierin^  signals.  "CW 
pitch  controls  shifts  IF  passTjand  and  simul 
taneously  changes  the  pitch  of  tlie  beat 
frequency,  A  "Narrow/ Wide"  filler 
selector  switch  is  provided. 

*  IF  notch  filter. 

lOO-kHz  IF  notch  circuit  gives  deep, 
sharp,  notch,  better  than -40  dB. 

*  Audio  filter  built-in. 
Tuneable,  peak-type  audio  filter  forCW. 

*  AC  power  supply  built-in* 
120.  220,  or  240  VAC.  switch  selected 
(operates  on  AC  only)- 


•  SSB  monitor  circuit,  3  step  RF  attenuate 
VOX,  and  lOO-kHz  marker. 

Optional  accessoriea: 

•  AT-930  automatic  antenna  tuner 

•  SP-930  external  speaker  with  selectable 
audio  rilters. 

•  YG'455C-1  (500  Hz)  or  YG-455CN-1  (250 
plug-m  CW  niters  for  455-kiiz  IF 

•  YK-88C  1  (500  Hz)  CW  plug  in  (liter  for 
8.83-MHz  IF, 

•  YK  88A  1  (6  kHz!  AM  plug-in  Illter  for 
8.83^MHz  IF. 

•  MC-60  (S-8)  deluxe  desk  microphone  wi 
UP/DO\VTV  switch. 

•  TL-922A  linear  amplifter. 

•  SM'220  station  monitor. 

•  HC-IO  digital  world  clock. 

■  HS^,  HS-5,  HS'4  headphones. 

More  Information  on  the  TS-930S  is 
available  from  all  authorized  dealers  of 
Trio-Kenwood  Communications 
nil  West  Walnut  Street. 
Compton,  California  90220 

^KEN\A/qOC 

■^   . , .  puce^etttr  in  amateur  radio 


Speciflcatioris^  and  prtcez 

siitiect  tJi  change  without  moUce  or  oblige