International Edition
February 1984 $2.50
Issue #281
Amateur Radio's
technical Journal
A Wayne Green Publication
ew
Construction
Articles!
Underground DX
Page 42
{All band
HF Antenna
Page 10
r3 Reviews
faesu's FT-980
(page 90
[Hamfest Hints
Page 40
VIC-20
Prefix Program
Page 69
Split Seconds— 54
This Antenna Is
Too Good To Be True
It's cheap. Ft works well on all bands.
And it radiates a super signal
W4HDX
Construct the Minuteman Timer
*3
,\
As faithful as a grandfather clock,
this timer tells when to ID— and when
not to ,, KA8QBQ
The Secret of Remote Control
Inside those miniature planes lie some
sophisticated circuits WB3BQO
\
Calculate Your FT-101
Here's how to treat your trusty FT-101
truly automatic digital display
\
to a truly automatic
and get a frequency counter in the same
box -at the flick of a switch. VK8DE
Strictly for FM Deviates
\1 Ever wonder how the modulation is on
your
FM rig? Try this simple devia-
tion meter and f ind ou t K A80 B L
Here's the Split-Second Timer
E
In the darkroom or the shack this beep-
er has 1001 uses. Its simplicity makes
it the perfect beginner's project
- WA3REY, WA3PTU
10
14
18
22
36
Build a Better Hamfest
These hints from 25 years of experience will
help make your event a success.
Housholder 40
Caveman Radio
^T~ With underground inductive transmit
£-J sion. 300 feet is almost DX W9MKV 42
Peak Your Picture with
Home-Brew SSTV Gear
\ Go from gray scale to color bars with
these simple generators. No monitor
shou Id be w it hou t them C ikas
and some have three. Now you can put
them all on 1 0-meter F/vt ... . . N2DS
Next Month:
In Search of the Shuttle
Share the frustration, fatigue, and fun in the
diaries of our special W5LFL correspondents.
From Maine to Hawaii, they all gave Owen
Garriott their best shots.
54
Never Say Die— 6
73 International— 73
Barter 'NT Buy— SO
Social Events— 83
FCC— 83
Awards— 84
Ham Help— 85, 99
Corrections— 85
New
Products— 86
Letters— 87
60
Op Art
Include the ubiquitous op amp in your
next circuit KC0EW tells how.
KCQEW 62
Put the DX World on a Screen
[Tj| Everything you need to know about a
^** country can be at your fingertips.
All you need is a VIG20 and this program.
WB7RLX
Convert the
Oddball Hy-Gain Board
5y~ Some of these boards have two crystals
1 anrl irtmp hai'fi thrM=> Mnw vnti ran rmr
69
77
Dr. Digital— 88
Fun! —89
Review— 90
RTTY Loop— 93
Contests— 94
DX— 96
Reader Service— 98
Satellites— 101
Dealer
Directory— 130
Propagation— 130
160-10 MTR 100W XCVR/ 0.1-30MHz RCVR
COMf
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MODC-Sa
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rowu
LRU. FAST SLOW
thansmtt
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PHONES P9SAMF
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NOTCH I Kit
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ftlCUVL TRAWWVlIT A/ 6
BAND
Ml MO
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DUi
1*_>r
.
Gencul Coverage
R#c*lv*r
The (C-745 represents a
major breakthrough in the ham
industry... a full featured HF base
station transceiver with a com-
bination of standard features
found on no other transceiver in
its price range
Compare these exceptional
standard features;
• tOQKHz - 30MHz Receiver
• 16 Memories
■ 100% Transmit Duty Cycle
Transmitter with exce pi ion-
ally tow distortion
• IF ShifT AND Passbond Tuning
• Receiver Preamp
• 10H2/50Hz/1KH2 Tuning Rates
with 1MHz band steps
Adjustable Noise Blanker
(width and level)
• Continuously Adjustable AGC
with an OFF position
Full function Metering with a
built-in SWR Bridge
• Optional internal AC Power
Supply
Other Standard Features.
Included as standard are
many of the features most asked
for by experienced ham radio
operators: dual VFO's. RF speech
compressor, tunable notch filter,
alt- mode squelch, program
band scan, menrtory scan
(frequency and modes at&
stored), receiver and transmitter
Incremental tuning and VOX,
ICOM's proven transceiver
designs and technology are
used tn the 0745 all ham band
transceiver which includes SSB,
CW, RTTY, AM receive and an
optional FM plus a 100KHZ to
30MHz general coverage receiver,
I COM System.
The IC-745 is compatible
with ICOMs full line of standard
HF accessories.
Accessories available
include the IC-P515 base supply*
IC-PS30 system power supply
(switching). IC-PS35 internal
power suppiy. the IC-2KL linear
amplifier, ATI 00 automatic
antenna tuner. AT500 automatic
antenna tuner. HP1 headphones,
and MM 12 hand or SM6 base
microphone.
Options, The EX241 matker
and EX242 FM module, plus a
wide variety of filters for sharp
audio reception are available
-OdB
Center
Filter
WlcJtti
Freq. MHz
F145
500 Hi
9.000
FL53A
270 Hz
9*000
FL44A
2.1 KHz
0455
FL52A
500HZ
0455
FL54
250 Hz
0455
The IC-745 is the only trans-
ceiver today that has such
features standard the number of
options and accessories availa-
ble...and such an affordable
price.
ICOM
The World System
ICOM America, Inc. 21 12-1 1ofh Ave NE, Deilevue, WA 96004(206)454-6155 / 0051 Tawerwood Drive. Suite 007, Dallas. TX 75234(214)620-2750
Alt UQied ipeaficonora cw apprawmo*e and subject to change without nonce or obligation All ICOM radios stgrvfoonriy exceed FCC reautartons terming spuncw* ernestom
7451283
• I:
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73 Magazine • February, 1984 3
1984
CALLBOOKS
Order today!
NEW 1384
RADIO AMATEUR CALLBOOKS
Known throughout the world for accuracy,
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Each Shipping Total
DOS, Callbook $19.95 $3.05 $23.00
□ Foreign Callbook 18.95 3.0$ 22.00
Order both books at the same time for
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Keep your 1384 Callbooks up to date.
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The LJM2RK decoder hil converts your receiver into a
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OUTPUT SPST (N.O>) relay.
FEATURES: Single or dual tones adjustable over the 16
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For Informal ion and to order write:
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INFO
Manuscripts
Contributions in the form of many
scripts with drawings and/or photo-
graphs are welcome and will bo con-
sidered for possible publication We
can assume no responsibility for toss
or damage to any material Please
enclose a stamped, self -addressed
envelope with each submission. Pay-
ment for the use of any unsolicited
material will be made upon accep-
tance. Alt contributions should be di-
rected to the 73 editorial offices.
"How to Write for 73" guldel Ines are
avail able upon request.
Editorial Offices:
Pine Street
Peterborough NH 03458
Phone: 603-924-9471
Advertising Offices:
Elm Street
Peterborough NH 03453
Phone:603-924-7138
Circulation Offices:
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Peterborough nh 03466
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In the United Stales and Possessions:
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731 Amateur Radio's Tecnnica/ Journal
(ISSN 0746030)0 is published monthly
by Wayne Green, rnc., 80 Pine Street.
Peterborough NH 03456 Second class
postage paid at Peterborough NH 03450
and at additional mailing offices Entire
contents copyright £ 1963, Wayne
Green, Inc, AH rights reserved. No pari of
this publication may be reprinted or
otherwise reproduced without written
permission from the publisher. Micro-
film Edition — University Microfilm, Ann
Arbor Mi 48106, Postmaster Send ad-
dress changes to 73. Subscription Ser-
vices, PO Box 93 1, Farminodale
NY 11737. Nationally distributed by In-
ternational Circulaiion Disiribuiors.
4 73 Magazine • February, 1964
1
TC
»
Starting today, we re standing the
scanner radio on its ear. Because
we've forged ahead— way ahead—
in radio frequency and digital
technology.
Introducing the
Bearcat" CompuScan™ 2100.
Its the first scanner radio
designed to put the power of a
personal computer to work for you.
Now you can scan up to two hundred
channels. Stack levels of priority so
you'll hear vital calls in order of
importance. Automatically search,
store and count transmissions for
accurate pictures" of activity
within frequency limits you select.
And with automatic video memos
you'll know more than you've ever
known before. The channel user,
special codes, jurisdictions, phone
numbers, alternate frequencies—
any information you've pro-
grammed is automatically a
displayed when the channel f^C,
is active. C^
With ten bands including 70-
centimeter, 2. 6 and 10 meter
FM Amateur. Military Land Mobile,
AM Aircraft plus Low, High.
UHF and UHF-T bands.
For a real earful— and eyeful—
see your Bearcat scanner dealer. For
the name of the dealer nearest you,
just call 1-800-S-C-A-N-N-E-R.
m
MUM NIB |
- 1
II
Ml* MM. KM.
is. *im "i in.
fa, »,a ™vl
m «!«!, «•«,
47 11%
i'iiBo
4m
*•* *nH»
JEJL*"1 i hup *
i"
rliitii (
•^►•tifc*!
Ni«
!■ Hit i
>C||
•"■■
**< Sag* *£
QmWOH flf y»«Co€grp erf J™*.in*
300 i »t Ccunly Ltn* fte*d
Cmnbartoftd, fndana 44279
^120
ESU'&l-Ai
W2NSD/1
NEVER SAY DIE
■
editorial fc>y IVayne Green
Yes, when you write to
Wayne Green, I get your fetters.
Usually ! answer, too, much to
the surprise of a lot of hams,
There is some sort of weird con-
cept that because someone is
rich and famous, he is no longer
reachable,
Hal There's that Wayne Green
ego again— rich and famous, in-
deed! Well, golly, I am rich in
some ways— and though I've
worked a lot harder than most
people to get this way, many
begrudge it. I've been writing for
how many years now telling you
how to get rich? I wrote a
booklet on the subject twenty
years ago. And fame? Well, Pm
well known in a couple of
esoteric circles, if that qualifies,
Wayne Green is not yet a
household term.
Several letters of interest ar-
rived in the last few days. One
chap advised me that he was
canceling his subscription be-
HELP WANTED
73 (fl currently seeking a TECHNICAL/INTERNATIONAL EDITOR. The position
requires excellent written and oral communications skills, as well as a General-
class or nig her ticket. Experience with microcomputers would be a help Re-
sponsibilities include participating in manuscript review, organizing and imple-
menting special projects, and supervising our staff of foreign correspondents.
We oiler a competitive salary and benefits package and excellent. Informal
working condition a As you may know, Peterborough is located ?5 ml lea from
Boston in I he beaulllui Monadnock region of New Hampshire — a state with no
sales or income tax.
Of course, we are an equal opportunity employer. If you are a non-smoker in-
terested in this position, please forward your resume and salary requirements
to; Jack Burnett. Executive Editor, 73: Amateur Radio's Technical Journal, Peter*
borough NH 03458
. ^
K5EDS6
DORSEY "DIZ" TRICE
flOft? KLAMATH ftOAP
APPLE VALLEY. CA 92307
-home of tor tmits'
QSLOFTHE MONTH
We don't know what a "Sky-Pig" is, either, but it sure makes you take a look at Diz
Price's card.
To enter your GSL put it in an envelope along with your choice ol a book from 73*5
Radio Bookshop and mail it lo 73, Pine Street. Peterborough NH 03458. Attn; OSL of the
Month, Entries not in envelopes or without a book choice will not be accepted,
6 73 Magazine • February, 1984
cause my ego is too big and
three thanked me for egging
them on to become entrepre-
neurs and making them rich.
Well, I don't know what to do
about my ego except ask you to
live with it and enjoy it the way \
do. Without my ego prodding
me, I'm not sure where a lot of
things would be.
It's a funny thing about
"rich." Sure, I have millions to
spend just about any way I want,
so what am I doing with all of
that loot? Well, for the most
part, I am using it to help people
with ideas bring them to fruit
and to make some of my own
ideas work, A plane? Nope, I
tried that almost 30 years ago,
back in '57, and got tt out o! my
system. A big house, right?
Tried that in '69 and didn't like it.
Not I have a small room over my
office which is all I need for the
few hours I waste sleeping each
day. I've been putting in hurv
dred-hour weeks for years and
enjoying it,
A few weeks ago, I attended
an evening class in the art of
conversation here in Peterbor*
ough. Each of us was asked to
explain why we'd come to the
class. My rationalization was
that I really didn't know how to
cope with cocktail parties.
What in the hell can one pos-
sibly talk about when meeting
someone for the first time in a
noisy room where the meeting
will be for only a few minutes?
As I explained, I realized that I
had exactly outlined one of the
big problems with amateur
radio— we meet new people
under noisy conditions and are
expected to provide some
entertainment.
I was assured by everyone
else in the class that my prob-
Continued on page 100
STAFF
EDfTOR/PUBUSHEfl
Wayne Green W2NSW1
ASST E DfTO R/P U8U5H ER
JeffDeTrayWBBBTH
EXECUTIVE EDITOR
JohnC. Burnett
MANAGING EDITOR
Su$«n Phiibnck
ASST. MANAGING EDFTOft
EOrrORlAl ASSISTANTS
Nancy Noyd
Richard P hen he
ASSOCIATES
Robert Baker WB2GFE
John: Edwards KI2U
Bill Gosney K&C
Ohod Hamt VP2UL
A vary L Jenfcm* WB8JLG
Dr. Marc Leave? WA3AJR
J. H Neiaon
Bill Pasternak WA61TF
Pel&rSrerkK2QAW
Robert Swrsky AF2M
PRODUCTION DIRECTOR
Nancy Salmon
ADVERTISING GRAPHICS
MANAGER
Scott W Phllbfick
DESIGN DIRECTOR
Ctiristihft Deal rem pes
PRODUCTION
Lahn Bond
Pair.cia Bradley
Linda Drew
Michael Ford
Marine Griiies
Donna Hartwell
Paula Ramsey
Anne Roccnio
Lynne Simonson
jean South worm
Kenneth Sutciiffe
Theresa Vervilte
Robert M Vikleneuve
PHOTOGRAPHY
Thomas Vlll&rwuve
Sandra Duketle
Nathaniel Haynes
Laurie Jennison
Sturdy Thomas
TYPESETTING
Sara Beoe"
Darlane Bailey
Marie Barker
Pram Krishna Gonaaju
Lynn Haines
Cynthia Lelourneau
Kimberi? Nadeau
Debbie Nutting
Undy Paimiaano
N Thomas
Sue Waller
VICE PRESIDENT/GENERAL MANAGER
Debra Wntlwbee
VICE PRESIDENTJCONTROLLER
Roger J Murphy
ASSISTANT
TO THE PRESIDENT
Matthew Smith KA II El
ACCOUNTING MANAGER
Knud Keller KV4GGS1
CIRCULATION MANAGER
William P Howard
$03)-924-947l
RETAIL AND NEWSSTAND
SALES MANAGER
Giftnie Soudnaau
14800>343-072&
ADVERTISING
(60 3^924 7138
Jim Gray W1XU, Mgr
Nancy Clamp*. Aaal Mgr
Roaa Kenyan KA1GAV
Cindy L Moieaky
frifchB;!
**_*
kenuooo wm
rM-201A/TM-401A
- 5 ' ™
lltra-compact and
ghtweight, priority,
lemory and band scan,
5 watts/TM-201A &
2 watts/TM-401A.
he KENWOOD TM 201 A
- meter and TM-401A 70 -cm
M mobile transceivers are the
nailest and Lightest units
reliable, allowing maximum
exibility in automotive
istallafion.
TM-201A/TM-40J SATURE
• Ultra compact and lightweight
Measures 5.6 [1413W x L6
(39.51H x 7.2 U83JD, inrhlmm).
weighs 2.8 lbs„ (1.25 kgX
• 25 -watt output*
with HI LO power switch
Produces a powerful 25 watts RF
output from a surprisingly
compact design (TM-201A).
• Dual digital VFQ's built-in
• 5 memories plus *COMrt
channel, with lithium battery
back-up (est. 5 yr. life]
■ Memory scan/' programmable
band scan
■ Priority alert scan
• Highly visible yellow
LED frequency display
• High performance
receive /transmit
GaAs FET RF amplifier for high
sensitivity with wide dynamic
range. Transmit modulation
characteristics selected for best
sound and minimum distortion.
• External high quality speaker
supplied (No internal speaker)
• 16-key autopatch UP/DOWN
microphone
Optional FC-10 frequency
controller
Mav be easily connected to t he
TM-201A or TM 401A. Conve
nient control keys for frequency
OWN' MHz shift, VFO A/B*
and MR (memory recall or
change memory channel). A
gn asy-to-rcad. back-lighted
I > d i splay ind s transm
receive frequencies, memory
ehanne I n uni ber, A LERT, a nd
SCAM (with blinking MHz deci-
mal). Size; 4.4 (112JW x 1.4 (35)H
\ 0,9 (22)D. mchlmm). Weight:
3.5 ox. (100 g).
• Repeater offset switch (^600-
kHz/TM-201A; 5 MHz TM
40 1A; and simplex) and reverse
switch
• Audible ^BEEPER ** confirms
operation
• Easy -to -install mobile mount
TM-2QI A- IM-401 A accessorie
• TU-3 programmable two-
frequency CTCSS encoder
■ KPS-7A fixed station power
supply
-4000A
"Dual-Bander".,,
-m & 70 cm in single
ompact package,
CD, 25 W, optional
oice synthesizer
ENWOOD's TW^tOOOA FM
>ual -Bander* provides new
ersatility in VHF and UHF oper-
;ioos, uniquely combining 2-m
ad 70-crn FM functions in a
ngle compact package.
W-4000A FEATURES:
2-m and 70-cm FM in a
Compact Package
vers the 2-m band (142.000-
148.995 MHz), including certain
MARS and CAP frequencies,
plus the 70-em FM band
1440,000-449.995 MHz), a)! In
a single compact package. Only
6-3/8 [161]W x 2-3/8 (60)H x
8*9/36 [217JD inches (mm), and
44 lbs, (2.0 kg,).
Large, Easy -to -Re ad
LCD Display
25 Watts RF Power on
2-m 70-cm.
Opt, "Voice Synthesizer Unit"
Installs inside the TW^OOOA.
Voice announces frequency,
band, VFO AorB, repeater off-
set, and memory channel
number.
Front Panel Illumination
10 Memories with Offset Recall
and Lithium Battery Backup
■ Programmable Memory Scan
• Band Scan in Selected 1-MHz
Segments
• Priority Watch Function
• Common Channel Sean
• Dual Digital VFO's
• 16-Key Autopatch UP/DOWN
Microphone
• Repeater Reverse Switch
• High Performance
Rece i ver Transmitter
GaAs FET RF amplifiers on both
2-m and 70cm. high perform-
ance MCF- s in the 1st IF section,
provide hi^h receive sensitivity
and excellent dynamic range.
The high re Ha hi lily UF power
modules assure clean and
dtp* ridable transmissions On
either hand.
■ Rugged Die-cast Chassis
• "BEEPER" sounds through
speaker.
• Easy-to-Install mobile mount
TW-4000A accessories:
• VS-1 voice synthesizer
• TU-4C programmable two-
frequency CTCSS encoder
• KPS-7A fixed station
power supply
• SP-40 compact mobile speaker
• SP-S0 high quality mobile
speaker
• MA 4000 dual-band mobile
antenna with du plexor
KENWOOD
TRIO-KENWOOD COMMUNICATIONS
1111 West Walnut, Compton, California 90220
m*m^^^^p^i m
THE INTERFACE
— *-
fr Kant renins The Inter face
RTTY-CW-UP **rrWM L*vf
H
: » -i -r i i t
cw on A
r Oi ^j — i L,
W£ Kant tonics
interface ][
makk
NULL
SPACE,
riiiMM, i^TflHHfi
AM OffgDa
fM On
OUTPUT SHI
THE INTERFACE ][
Kantronics
TITLE: THE INTERFACE - INTERFACE 1 1 PROPOSAL
f
■■
THE INTERFACE is the original
Kantronics terminal unit that
broke through the barrier of
multi-computer compatibflity.
THE INTERFACE is an amateur mo-
dem for transceiver-to-computer
communication. With THE INTER*
FACE and Hamsof t or Hamtext for
your computer you can send and
receive Morse Code, Radiotele-
type, and ASCII, the interface is
also compatible with our new
software for AMTOR communica-
tion, AMTORSOFT THE INTERFACE
is our most popular unit combin-
ing active filtering, easy tuning,
six-computer compatibility, and
low price for an unbeatable pack-
Suggested Retail 439.95
—
INTERFACE ] t is the new Kantronics
transceiver-to-computer interface.
interface ] I features a new highly
sensitive front end with mark and
space filtering and a unique new tun-
ing system. Even the most discerning
operator will be surprised with the IN-
TERFACE I t*s ability to dig out signals
In poor band conditions, and our new
tuning system even displays signal
fading.
X-Y scope outputs and dual inter-
face outputs for VHF and HF connec-
tions make INTERFACE ] [ compatible
with almost any shack. All three stan-
dard shifts are selectable and INTER-
FACE ] [ is compatible with the Indus-
try standard Kantronics programs:
Hamsoft. Hamtext, and Amtorsoft.
step up to state of the art in
computer-amateur communications
With INTERFACE J [.
suggested Retail *269.95
For more information see your Kantronics dealer, or contact:
Kantronics 1202 E. 23rd Street Lawrence, KS 66044
+-
MORSE 0000
TRANSMIT S PEE 0 25
RECEIVE SPEED
ENJOY YOUR MEAL AND
WELL TALK TO YOU
REAL SOON 73'S . .
WA5RCU
WEATHER HERE IS WARM TODAY
WITH LOTS OF SUN. XYL SAYS
TIME FOR DINNER SO 73 S WOXI
Kantronics has led the amateur community in software
and total computer communications systems with our
original program, HAMSOFT. With five-computer compat-
ibility and reasonable prices HAMSOFT has become the in-
dustry standard. HAMSOFT includes split screen display
type ahead buffer, message ports, and complete key-
board control for Morse code( Radioteletype, and ASCII
communications. With THE INTERFACE or INTERFACE ] I,
HAMSOFT can make any of five computers a complete
amateur communications terminal. All programs are on a
ROM board, except the Apple diskette.
VIC-20 - $49.95, ATARI - $49.95, APPLE - $29.95,
TRS-80C - $59.95 , TI-99/4A - $99.95
HAMTEXT is our advanced CW/RTTY/ASCII program
for the VJC-20, commodore 64, and apple computers.
HAMTEXT gives you the ability to store incoming mes-
sages in the computer's memory, transmit files directly
from tape or disk, and use your computer to its fullest
potential. Features like Diddle, Time Transmission, Text
Transmission, Printer Outputs, and Word Wraparound,
make HAMTEXT the program for the serious amateur.
HAMTEXT was created with input from our users as
guidelines, and with total use of the computer In mind.
Suggested Retail $99,95
KANTRONICS AMTORSOFT
COPYRIGHT 29 JUNE 1983
CHOOSE
S (AMTOR SLAVE)
M (AMTOR MASTER)
L (AMTOR LISTENER)
P (PROGRAM OPTIONS)
T (T/R OPTIONS)
00:00:
PROGRAM OPTIONS
RETURN TO BASIC
EDIT MESSAGE PORTS
SAVE MESSAGE PORTS
LOAD MESSAGE PORTS
SET XMIT BUFF SIZE
EDIT HOLDING BUFFER
SAVE HOLDING BUFFER
LOAD HOLDING BUFFER
SET TIME
On January 27th, 1983, AMTOR, Amateur RadioTele-
type Over Radio, became a legal mode for the amateur
service. AMTOR is an essentially error free radiotele-
type form of communication, amtorsoft, Kantron-
ics' newest software package, gives your computer the
ability to become an AMTOR communications terminal
when used with The interface or interface I L AMTOR-
SOFT is currently available for the Apple. Vlc-20, and
COM -64 computers. AMTORSOFT brings you the newest
in computer-amateur communications at an afford-
able price.
Suggested Retail ... *89.95
For more information see your Kantronics dealer, or contact
Kantronics 1202 E. 23rd Street Lawrence, KS 66044
^
■p
wu
r
-*.
-*-
"I—
A W. Spencer W4HDX
300 Lido Cove
Nkeville FL 32578
This Antenna Is Too Good
To Be True
It's cheap. It works well on all bands.
And it radiates a super signal.
Would you like to have
_ _ an antenna that is
capable of working all the
HF bands, or any combina-
tion of the HF bands includ-
ing the new WARC bands,
with excellent results, at a
fraction of the cost of any
of the commercially-avail-
able multi-band antennas
now on the market? Would
you also like to have an
antenna with an extremely
low noise factor? I'm about
to describe an antenna that
is just what you've been
looking for
This antenna is a combi-
nation of the old reliable
Zepp with the addition of a
balanced, shielded feeder
system which has been de-
scribed in various articles in
past years.
This antenna has been in
use at this QTH as well as
other locations for over two
years and has yielded many
fine DX contacts and many
good reports stateside.
To determine the compar-
able merit of this antenna, I
erected separate dipoles cut
for the center of each band
and fed with a single coaxial
cable. Then I connected all
antennas so they could be
switched rapidly to deter-
mine the comparable signal
strength of each as com-
pared to the Zepp antenna.
In addition to the favor*
able signal strength compar-
isons, I also found that the
noise level on the Zepp
antenna was as much as 5
S-units lower than the noise
on the cut-tr>frequency di-
pole with single coax feed. I
noticed this particularly on
Desired Bands
Of Operation
160-10 meters
80-10 meters
40-10 meters
30-10 meters
20-10 meters
17-10 meters
15-10 meters
12-10 meters
Completed antenna mounted in tree.
10 73 Magazine • February, 1984
Length of Each Side of Antenna
From Center to Each End
108 feet
54 feet
27 feet
18 J feet
13.5 feet
10.4 feet
y Tee i
7,8 feet
Table 1.
DRIP
LOOP
COAX
SOOJEff
INSULATOR
soLoe*
PlASTiC
SOLDER SMIEL05
T«W£THE»
Fig. 7, Method of supporting coax cables.
the model of this antenna
which was erected inside the
attic of the house in close
proximity to the ac wiring of
the building, where the
noise level dropped from an
S-7 on the regular dipole to
an S-2 on the Zepp antenna.
To erect this antenna,
you simply figure the length
of each side of the flat-top
from the center to one end
by using the figures shown
in Table 1.
This antenna can be cut
for operation an any com-
bination of the HF ham
bands, including the WARC
bands which have not yet
been released, For example,
if your space is limited, you
could put an antenna in the
attic of the house, as I did at
one location where I had an
attic length of only about
30 feet, by figuring the an-
tenna for operation on the
bands from 30 through 10
meters, resulting in a length
each side of center of 18,67
feet. Then I ran the wire in a
Z configuration through the
attic to compress it into the
available space.
I have used various con-
figurations on this antenna,
such as the halo and the in*
verted vee, and all give
good results. If you can get
the wire running in a fairly
straight fine, though, your
radiation pattern will be
more predictable.
The flat-top portion is de-
signed so that it is non-re-
sonant on all bands of oper-
ation, thereby avoiding any
extremely high or extremely
low impedance points at
the feedpoint It is designed
to be resonant between the
one-quarter, half, three-
quarter, and full-wave
points on each band,
thereby presenting an imped-
ance to the antenna tuner
which is well within range
of the tuner on each band
and will not cause any
loading problems. An an-
tenna tuner is required
which has a built-in balun
or you must use a 4-to-1 bal-
un at the bottom end of the
line if you don't have one
built in the tuner itself.
The feedline is made of
two runs of RG-8/U cable
for powers up to 2 kW PEP,
or for low-power operation
under 100 Watts output,
RC-58/U cable may be used
The lower loss of the larger
cable is to be desired, how-
ever, even if low power is
used*
At the top end of the
■
SUPPORT
Fig, 2. Method of supporting antenna at center.
feedline, you connect the
shields of the two coax ca-
bles together but do not
connect them to anything
else Then at the bottom
end of the line, the shields
are tied together and con-
nected to the ground con-
nection in the shack and to
the frame of the tuner.
The inner conductors of
the coax cables are tied to
each leg of the antenna
wire at the top of the line,
and at the bottom end of
the line they are connected
to each of the balanced-
output terminals of the an-
tenna tuner.
The feedline can be run
anywhere — underground,
through metal or vinyl con-
duit, or in the open. The ad-
vantage of this arrange-
ment, however, is that un-
like the old open-wire feed-
line previously used on
Zepp antennas, it does not
have to be kept clear of sur-
rounding objects and is not
Center support and coaxial connections.
affected by anything it lies
against.
There is only one precau-
tion that must be observed,
and that is to cut both runs
of the cable exactly the
same length. They do not
have to be run together,
however as the shield on
the cables provides exact
electrical separation of the
inner conductors even if the
two cables are widely sep-
arated.
As to the length of the
feedline, I found that best
results were observed with
line lengths of a little more
than one-quarter wave-
length at the lowest fre-
quency of operation (or
anything longer than that),
Try to avoid making the
feedline resonant at any
particular frequency you
are operating on, particularly
the quarter-wave points, or
you may have a bit of trou-
ble tuning on this band. Op-
timum length seemed to be
about 55 feet for 80-
through-1 0-meter opera-
tion.
As for the mechanical
construction, it is a good
idea to use a long insulator,
the same type used on the
ends of the antenna, at the
center of the antenna. Then
slip the end of another insu-
lator of the same type over
the wire on either side of
the center insulator, com-
ing off at right angles to the
wire and tying the support
wire to these two side insu-
lators so that equal pull is
achieved on either side of
the center insulator Then
73 Magazine • February, 1984 11
j^-
-&zz&
iPy^
LENGTH OF EACH SIDE
OF ANTENNA
IN FEET EQUALS
F»EC U-z
OF LOWEST D£S«ff£D
9ANQ CF OPERATION
CONNECT SHIELDS TOGETHER
BUT NOT TO ANYTHING ELSE.
AT THE TOP END Of THE LINE
RGBU OR RG5SU CAflLE
CABLES SHOULD BE AT LEAST
20% LONGER THAN A QUARTER
WAVE AT THE LOWEST
OESIPED OPERATING FREQUENCY
CONNECT SHIELDS TQGETHC*
AND GROUND TO STATION G»OUNO
AND FRAME OF ANTENNA TUNER
Af BOTTOM END OF LINE
TO 'BALANCED* OUTPUT
TERMINALS OF ANTENNA TUNER-
OR IF TUNER HAS NO BUnT IN
ftALUN. USE A TO I tALUN
BETWEEN TUNER AND LINE
Fig. 3. All band trapless antenna for HF.
at the point where you need
to support the two coax
cables, just strip off about 2
feet of the braid, leaving
the plastic inner insulation,
and bend this part along the
center insulator on each
side and tape securely to
the insulator. This will
make a very solid support
for the coax cables and will
prevent wind damage-
It is also a good idea to
bring the coax up the sup-
port mast a little higher
than the antenna wire and
bend it over in a loop and
down about a foot or so to
prevent the water from
leaking into and running
down the inside of the
shield on the cables.
To separate the braid
from the inner conductor
on the coax, strip the out-
side plastic covering off
about two feet from the
end, then take the end of
the shield and push it down,
compressing it so that it be-
comes larger in diameter
Then take an awl or the tip
of a small screwdriver and
carefully spread the strands
of the braid apart, opening
up a hole in one side of the
braid. At this point, bend
the coax in a U shape and
pull the plastic insulated
center conductor out
through the hole in the side
of the braid, U-end first
This will eliminate the need
for making a solder connec-
tion directly next to the
plastic where it might
create a weak spot
I have used this antenna
in various situations cut for
all different combinations
of bands and have had ex-
cellent results with all of
them. I have also made up a
portable version of this an-
tenna using stranded insu-
lated wire such as zip-cord
and R058/U cables which I
use in conjunction with a
small antenna tuner for
operation on 20 through 10
meters This one is only 13.5
feet long either side of
center with two runs of co-
ax 20 feet long. It is ideal for
stringing up in a motel room
or apartment by supporting
it with nylon fishing line.
Just keep the antenna out a
foot or so from the wall and
support it by anything you
can find to tie it to. Try it
You'll like it'B
RADIO CENTER
Mill
$ KENWOOD TS-430S
Q IICOMI NEWIC-745
YAESU -NEW FT-77
_
inn
• § • • •
MP < i &
O o 3 0 0
All Bands
General Coverage
200 watts
• Dual VFO'S
■ 8 Memories
General Coverage Receiver
Fantastic Buy
1 8 to 30 MHz
• Extremely compact • 3.5 to 30 MHZ
• 200 watts • Inexpensive
CUSHCRAFT
ANTINNA SALE
HY-GAIN TOWERS
BUTTERNUT
HG37SS
HG52SS
HC54HD
HC70HD
HG50MTS
$ 649
$ 919
$1429
$2539
$ 749
HF6V
$109
KLM
KT34A
KT54XA
144-148LBA
$285 LARS EN
Mil AEA
CALL
ER-MARK
HW-3 TRIBAN0 MOBILE $34 Call "TOLL FREE" For All Antennas & Accessories
HY-GAIN
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EXPLORER 14
30/40 METER KIT
2900 N.W. VIVIOW RD. / KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI 64150 / 816-741-8118
$318
12 73 Magazine • February, 1984
^
00
tf
SPtCTRUAT COMMitmCXTfOHS
98ttt t M *£P£ATCft
#3*
t*9*v*te*rtt*»,
V
i /:'
ri£
*lsU+
HCP-TM
^jm- '"'■
During the Grenada Crisis,
Spectrum was called upon by the US
State Dept to urgently supply a VHP
Repeater for Emergency Communi-
j cat ions. Spectrum personnel worked
over the weekend to ship a SCR1000
in record time. We're proud to be of
service to our country and to the peo-
|ple of Grenada.
Spectrum now makes 2 lines of Repeaters— the
world famous "Super Deluxe' SCR100Q/4QQ0, and our
Low Cost tine of SCR7? Repeaters.
The SCR77 Repeaters maintain the quality of
design, components and construction which have
made Spectrum gear famous throughout the world
for years. However, ail of the "bells & whistles"
which you may not need or want have been efimi-
nated — at a large cost savings to you! The SCR77 is
a real "workhorse" basic machine designed for
those who want excellent, super-reliable perfor-
mance year after year— but no frills! {'PL\12 Pole IF
Filter, Front End Preselector, and a 30-40W Trans-
mitter are the only 'built-uV options available: but
Autopatch, Remote Cgntrol^ and other equipment
can be connected via the*?ear panel jack.)
Of course, if you do want a full featured/Super
Deluxe Repeater, with higher power (30-100 W), and
a full list of 'built-in' options, then you want our
SCRIOOO or 4000— The Ultimate in Repeaters'
Available with: Full Autopatch/reverse Patch/Land*
Line Control; Touch Tone Control of various repeat-
er functions; fcPL'; "Emergency Pwr. ID"; various
Tone & Timer Units, etc.
Shown in Optional Cabinet
Call or write today for data sheets & prices! Sold Factory Direct or through Export Sales
Reps only. Get your order in ASAP./
^&8
SPECTRUM COIMMUISIICA TIONS
1055 W. Germantown Pk, S2 • Norristown, PA 19401 • (215) 631-1710 • Telex: 846-211
Construct the
Minuteman Timer
As faithful as a grandfather clock, this timer
tells when to ID —and when not to.
Gary L Fait KA8QBQ
302 E . Lexington $t
Davison Mf 48423
//[Jut why do you need
WJ another ID timer?"
my wife asked when she
saw me trying to sneak yet
another Radio Shack bag to
the workbench.
The question was no sur-
prise because my very first
electronics project had
been an ID timer described
in one of the ham maga-
zines. It had worked per-
fectly, and I remembered
well how I had shown it to
her and carefully explained
why I had added a single
LED to the circuit for a
visual signal.
The answer to her ques-
tion, however, was that this
timer is even better but it is
still simple. Using a seven-
segment LED, the timer
steps off the minutes begin-
ning with zero.
Many ID timers provide
only an audio and/or visual
signal when eight or nine
minutes have passed. Using
this type of timerr the radio
operator never knows how
much time has elapsed un-
til the signal sounds. I
found myself identifying
too often because I was
never sure when the10-min-
ute mark would come.
Photo A Interior view of the timer.
14 73 Magazine • February, 1984
Photo B, Front panel and cabinet for the ID timer.
To solve the problem, I
began with a basic timing
circuit using three ICs plus
the seven-segment LED. I
added two push-button
switches, one to restart the
timer after identifying and
one to reset the numeral on
the LED.
The 555 timer is controlled
by R1, a 1-meg pot. The
circuit can be set to time
anything from seconds to
hours. In this case, ob-
viously, it is adjusted to pro*
vide one timing pulse per
minute.
Opening S2, a normally-
closed momentary-contact
switch, causes the resetting
pins on the 7490 to go high,
This resets the LED to the
numeral nine. S3, a normal-
lyopen momentary-contact
switch, is then closed. This
shorts R1r causing the 555 to
pulse, beginning a new tim-
ing period and by the way
causing the LED to pulse to
zero.
After turning on the timer,
I
«
ft*
-wv
22.
Mt
■ ?
C
■0
■w* ** *
-^^
*B
0
9
■ £
4
Fig. 1. The LED ID timer schematic.
operation is as simple as
one-two Simply push S2,
then S3, to begin at zero. If
you identify before the 10
minutes have completely
elasped, simply give it the
one-two again and the timer
is back to zero and counting
a full minute.
All parts for the LED ID
timer are readily available
from Radio Shack. Many
parts are probably in any
well-stocked junk box, but
even if purchased new, the
timer will cost less than $10.
It can be housed in any suit-
able enclosure. I used a
small, steel-topped cabinet
because I wanted to impress
my wife, but the extra ex
pense of the cabinet is not
necessary
The circuit is extremely
simple and is an ideal proj-
ect for the beginner, but one
note of caution is in order I
suggest the use of IC sockets
for mounting the three ICs
and the LED, instead of sol-
dering them directly to the
circuit board. The entire
project can be assembled
before the ICs are installed,
Parts List
C1
100 uF
IC1
555 timer
IG2
7490
1C3
7447
R1
1 megohm pot
R2
1k
R3-R9
330 Ohm
S1
SPST toggle
S2
normally-closed
momentary
S3
normally-open
momentary
LED
7-segment
common anode
reducing the risk of damag-
ing them in the process The
sockets also allow easy re-
placement for trouble-
shooting.
My LED ID timer now sits
beside my rig, faithfully
ticking off the minutes and
saving a lot of unneces-
sary callsign transmissions
Now, if I could just get
my wife to stop borrow-
ing the thing to time her dai-
ly exercises . . ■
•
The State of the Art Simplex Interconnect
Communications Electronics Specialties introduces the CES 510SA
"Si i mi l1T Simplex Autopatch, with many important new features never
available betore: • three digit control codes with user programming.
A sophisticated toll restrict provides positive long distance lock out.
• lime otil .ind COR activity timers with warning beeps antJ dij:il*i! pro
gramming * Rotary or DTMF dialing. * Phone line in use detector prevents
mtrirupiinj: a call in progress, and sends unique CW sequence * Phone ring
detection logic enables unique CW sequence. • Digital programming of ilk* sample
rale i ind width, arid noise gate sensitivity control, tor easy interlacing with most radios.
Simple and direct connections to radio
Options available: • Smart CW identifier with unique CW messages for each patch (unction.
• FCC type accepted phone line coupler * Special tone squelch kit to operate patch through
repealers
*- See List of Advertisers on page 98
The 5105A - the newest advance in interconnect technology, Irom the innovators at:
Communications Electronics Specialties, Inc.
Post Office Box 507 • Winter Park. Florida 32790
(305) 645-0474 • Toll-free (for orders only): (800) 327-9956 -«
73 Magazine • February, 1964 15
/HIR/1GE
Mirage Communications
Introduces Their
6 Meter
Solid-State Amplifier
A1015
10 Watts In — 150 Watts Out
$279.95
■In Rx Preamp
All Mode-SSB, CW, FM
Remote Keying
DC Power 13.6 VDC at 18 Amps
• FCC T^pe Accepted
• 5 Year Limited Warranty
• Optional RC-1 Remote Control Available
• Made in the U.SA
/MIR/1GE
COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT, INC.
Available at Mirage Dealers Worldwide
P.O. Box 1393. (iilrov, CA 95020 - (408) 847-1857
• TECHNICAL FORUMS
• ARRL AND FCC FORUMS
• GIANT 3-DAY FLEA MARKET
Starting Noon Friday
All Day Saturday and Sunday
• NEW PRODUCTS AND EXHIBITS
• GRAND BANQUET
• ALTERNATIVE ACTIVITIES
• ELECTRICAL SAFETY FORUM
• SPECIAL GROUP MEETINGS
YL FORUM
PERSONAL COMPUTER FORUM
CW PROFICIENCY AWARDS
AMATEUR OF YEAR AWARD
SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS
ADMISSION
57.50 in advance. S 1 0 at door.
(Valid for all 3 days)
BANQUET
$14 in advance. $1 6 at door.
FLEA MARKET SPACE
$15 in advance.
(Valid for all 3 days)
Checks for advance registration to
Dayton HAMVENTION
Box 2205. Dayton. OH 45401
April 27,28t 29,1984
Kara Arena and Exhibition Center
Dayton, Ohio
Meet your amateur radio friends from all over the world at the internationally
famous Dayton HAMVENTION,
Seating will be limited for Grand Banquet and Entertainment on Saturday
evening so please make reservations early. Harry Dannals. W2HD. Past Presi-
dent ARRLf will be featured speaker.
If you have registered within the last 3 years you will receive a brochure in
January, If not write Box 44, Dayton, OH 45401 .
Nominations are requested for Radio Amateur of the Year and Special Achieve-
ment Awards. Nomination forms are available from Awards Chairman, Box 44,
Dayton, OH 4540 1 .
For special motel rates and reservations write to Hamvention Housing, Box
1288f Dayton. OH 45402, NO RESERVATIONS WILL BE ACCEPTED BY
TELEPHONE.
All other inquiries write Box 44, Dayton, OH 45401 or phone (513) 433-7720.
ALL Flea Market spaces will be sold in advance ONLY. NO spaces sold at gate.
Entrance for set-up available starting Wednesday. Special Flea Market tele-
phone (513) 223-0923,
Bring your family and enjoy a great weekend in Dayton,
Sponsored by the Dayton Amateur Radio Association, Inc.
16 73 Magazine • February, 1984
And you can see it — in color — again and again
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The N2NY Ham MasterTapes give you a basic
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The hobby has long needed better clearer high-
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The Secret of Remote Control
Inside those miniature planes lie some sophisticated circuits.
The Field House falls
quiet as the pilot winds
up the rubber-band motor
of his scale model of the
Porterfield Collegiate, The
plane, which is made of
lightweight balsa and cov-
ered with tissue paper, is
held against the pull of the
motor by a helper. Then,
with the controls checked,
the pilot gently tosses the
plane toward the far end of
the basketball court and
steers the plane as it climbs.
The pilot guides the Porter-
field around the ceiling lights
and basketball backboards
until the motor winds down
and the plane lands on the
floor.
The pilot, a member of the
State College, Pennsylvania,
Radio Control Club, is an
amateur who reworked his
Heath kit® radio to reduce its
size and weight to fit inside
the small Porterfield. By
removing the receiver case
and using hearing-aid bat-
teries and special small ser-
vos, he was able to make a
flying machine small enough
to fly well inside the confines
of an indoor basketball
court.
At the other end of the
spectrum is the PennFli, an
original design of a radio
control (R/C) pilot from In-
diana, Pennsylvania, The air-
craft has a fourteen-foot
wingspan and weighs over
five pounds. In the warm air
of summer, this plane can
climb to heights of more
The PennFli, an unlimited class sailplane of fourteen-foot
wingspan, weighs about five pounds. Made of balsa and
plywood, the plane is covered with a plastic film which
shrinks and sticks to the wood when heated with a common
clothes iron. Controls are rudder, elevator, spoiler (airbrakes),
and releasable tow hook.
18 73 Magazine * February, 1984
than a quarter mile and fly
over an hour without land-
ing. It uses warm air up-drafts
to stay aloft without a motor
and its flight time is limited
by the size of the batteries on
board.
The Porterfield and the
PennFli, for all their differ-
ences in size and weight,
share a common guidance-
system principle. It's called
serial digital data transmis-
sion and it links the pilot's
hands to the steering con-
trols of the aircraft he's
flying.
In Fig. t( the scope trace
shows that a timing or clock
pulse initializes the se-
quence by turning on the de-
coder chain in the aircraft
receiver. The next pulse in
the series is a data pulse of
between one and two milli-
seconds duration, the width
of which is controlled by a
joystick on the transmitter.
The length of the pulse de-
termines what position the
servo arm will take. A push-
rod connected between the
arm and a control surface, in
this case the rudderr links
the servo to its workload.
The receiver detects the
transmitter's signal, decodes
the serial data, and routes
the proper pulse to each ser-
vo. In the servo, the pulse is
compared to another from
the onboard circuits, a func-
tion of where the servo arm
is positioned. The error dtf-
A one-fourth full-sized model of a WWII fighter is started up.
Constructed oi balsat plywood, and thin aluminum and
covered with fabric, the plane uses a chain-saw engine and
two-cycle mix fuel for power. A four-channel R/C rig controls
ailerons, rudder, elevator, and engine speed.
The tiny Porter field at rest The model is made from a S5.00
free-flight kit of thin balsa strips covered with lightweight
tissue paper and lightly sprayed with model paint
A one-inch-per-ioot scale model of a Ported ield Collegiate is
powered up, A small hand drill and hook are used to wind up
the large rubber band to full power.
ference of the two pulses is
translated into action
through a small dc motor
similar to those used as au-
tomatic film-winders in
cameras. Through a gear
train, the motor moves the
output arm and also a vari-
able resistor which sets the
length of the onboard pulse.
When the error ratio of the
two pulses is zero, the servo
output arm and control sur-
face to which it is connected
are in the position called for
by the pilot and transmitter
The pulse rate is fast enough
so that the net effect is
smooth movement of the
controls and realistic ma-
neuvering of the plane.
Were all this taking place
on the ground where condi-
tions were constant, R/C
control would be a fairly
simple system. By installing
half the control system in an
aircraft which at launch is
mere inches from the trans-
mitter, then flying the plane
so high and far that it looks
like a dot in the sky, using
simply a length of hookup
wire for an antenna, a very
special receiver is needed to
maintain constant control.
As the radio is amplitude-
modulated, static or other
electrical noise could blank
or change the length of one
or more data pulses causing
steering problems and possi-
bly a crash. A 500-miIliwatt
rf signal from the transmit-
ter is hot enough to provide
solid contact out to over a
mile depending on the alti-
tude of the aircraft. The re-
ceiver is usually triple-tuned
at its antenna circuit for ad-
jacent channel rejection
while a double-stage age cir-
cuit holds the signal from
the single-conversion i-f strip
constant no matter how
much rf is picked up by the
antenna.
All this is performed by a
receiver board about the
size of a pack of book
matches. The decoder
board is the same small size
and is wired to take power
and audio signal output
from the receiver. The long
clock pulse sets the time se-
quence for the decoder and
helps it to disregard stray
noise which does not occur
in the proper or expected
time frame. The clock also
tells the decoder which of
the following data pulses
are to be routed to the in-
dividual servos. The clock
does not leave the decoder
board while all the follow-
ing data pulses are fed to
their respective servos,
Most systems today are
powered by nickel -cadmi-
um rechargeable batteries
in both the transmitter and
the airborne unit. Airborne
battery voltage is normally
4.8 volts from four 500-mAh
AA-stze batteries wired in
series. The transmitter uses
4.8 VDC
MFC AD SATTERY
AIRBORNE PACK
9,6 volts from eight batteries
of the same size and rating
as the airborne pack. For air-
craft which are Va -size scale
models of full-size planes
and have six or eighl con-
trols under R/C command,
D-celJ-size nicad batteries
are needed to handle the
high net current draw. The
added weight of the big
pack is also helpful in bal-
ancing the model for stable
flight
While most R/C systems
are factory built, Heathkit
and Ace R/C, Inc., both offer
full lines of radios in kit
form, As mentioned earlier,
the small size and high parts
density of the receiver and
servos make the building
RUDDER
MOVEMENT
— MOVES THIS
♦
MOVING THIS
TRANSMITTER
Fig. 1.
73 Magazine • February, 1984 19
task somewhat more critical
than wiring an HW-101
While it does call for some
high-grade construction
skills, most any amateur
with some bench time will
have no trouble assembling
kits from either of these ven-
dors. Both offer operating
frequencies in the six-meter
band where few interfering
signals exist and where there
is no crowding, as up in the
72-MHz CB band. While
there is no mode restriction
for R/C in the amateur
bands, only Kraft Systems,
Inc., offers an FM-type R/C
rig; it is only available fac-
tory built. In high rf noise ap-
plications such as R/C model
helicopters, an FM radio
with its higher immunity to
static would be a good
choice In most other typ
of models, the AM type of
modulation is very reliable.
Equally as important as
the system's electrical speci-
fications is its ability to take
physical punishment and be
reliable Whether the air-
craft has a large or small en-
gine, each will vibrate the
R/C to some degree If com-
ponents on the receiver or
servo circuit boards aren't
mounted close to the board
and well soldered, vibration
will get them sooner or later.
Even gliders, which have no
engine, are battered in the
landing zone as they have
only thin rubber skids on the
bottom of the fuselage The
quality of workmanship is
very important in R/C rig
construction, since almost
any circuit failure would
cause the plane to crash,
Once an R/C system is
built, it can be modified to
"fly" many different types
of models Miniature repli-
cas of ocean-going sailboats
can be raced in a pond or
swimming pool using spe-
cially waterproofed gear.
Even submarines which
have the ability to submerge
are available as R/C model
kits. The hottest Formula
and Indy-type race cars are
built from kits and raced us-
ing two-channel radios and
either electric motors or
glow-type model engines
New military tank models
have come out which wrll
climb obstacles, go forward,
reverse, go left and right,
and swing the turret cannon
Helicopters fly in scale
fashion in competition by
carrying cargo or flying in
formation or firing small
solid-fuel rockets at targets
By far the most popular
are the scale models of
World War II military air-
craft, With the reliable ra-
dios available today, any-
one can pilot the model of
his favorite plane and enjoy
the thrill of flying the old
war birds
Adapting the radio sys-
tem to function in any of
these models will allow the
amateur to use the same ng
in several models. In some
cases, extra receivers and
servos are built for installa-
tion in models and operated
from a common transmitter
so that two or more planes
can be flown without having
to field-change radios from
one model to another
Since there are few of us
who can afford to own a
Mustang fighter or a B-29
Superfort, a model of these
planes is more practical
From biplanes to the space
shuttle, R/C radios allow us
to build and fly the most ex-
otic flying machines safely
and reliably Imagination is
the only limiting factor rn
t hoostng which model to
operate, and amateur skills
at the workbench make the
radios as inexpensive as they
are reliable.!
Kit Manufacturers
Heath Company
Benton Harbor Ml 49022
Ace R/C. Inc,
Box 511. 116 W, 19th St
Higginsville MO 64037
Kraft Sytems, Inc.
Box 1268
Vista C A 92063
TRADE IN YOUR OLD RTTY TU
FOR A NEW FLESHER TU-470
The Flesher Corporation dares to make an offer you can't refuse. Now you can move up to a high quality RTTY
terminal unit without throwing away money you have already invested. Your present name brand RTTY terminal
unit is worth up to full retail value* when you trade up to a Flesher TU-470 priced at $499.95. Most RTTY/CW
software works with the TU-470 without modification. So while the offer lasts, call our toll free number for more
information and a no-obligation estimate of your trade-in value. But act soon; this offer won't last long.
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Here are just a few of the many fine features the TU-470 offers:
• TTL & RS^232c compatible I/O for computer remote control • RTTY
communication rates up to 300 baud • Two tone RTTY detection with six
pole active filters • Three popular RTTY shifts • Built-in 20 or 60 mA loop
• Signal balance circuit for single tone detection • Threshold control •
Anti-space » Mark hold • Scope outputs • Independent reverse shift con-
trols for REC and XMIT. • Six pole active filter CW demodulator •
Remote controlled bipolar keying outputs for CW and PTT.
Flesher Corporation
507 Jackson - PC Box 976 • Topeka, Kansas 666OI
^23
For more information and sales CALL t-800-HAM-RTTY
For service and technical CALL 1-913-234-0198
20 73 Magazme • February, 1984
PRIVATE PATCH II
THE ULTIMATE SIMPLEX AUTOPATCH
PRIVATE PATCH II is for the discriminating amateur
who demands the finest in simplex autopatch perfor-
mance, features and quality. Our digitally processed
VOX and simplex loop create a level of communica-
tions quality which is not even closely rivaled. Please
. . . do not confuse our technique with sampling!!
PRIVATE PATCH II has the following major advan-
tages over sampling type autopatches:
• Compatible with every known transceiver — yes, synthesized
and relay switched types included.
• No transceiver modifications are ever required!
• Connects only to MIC and external speaker jack— no inter-
nal connections to your transceiver required.
• Natural push to talk operation — no need to pause — you may
talk the instant the button is pressed.
• Much greater range— noise on your weak mobile signal
causes no performance degradation. (Noise sampled auto-
patches fail to operate when your signal becomes noisy.)
• Private Patch II offers natural lake-turns" style of communi-
cations in the manner you are used to- There are no annoy-
ing sampling kerchunks and missing syllables punched out
of every other word.
• In addition to superb simplex operation, Private Patch II will
operate through any repeater from your base location, Yes,
any repeater! Tone encoding equipment and repeater modifi-
cations are not required.
STANDARD FEATURES
* CW identification— ID ROM chip included.
* Single chip XTAL controlled tone decoder
* Tone to pulse— compatibility with all telephone systems —
eliminates critical tone adjustments in the mobile— no wrong
numbers, ever! Can be strapped for straight tone dialing.
* Speed dialer compatible— can consume up to 15 digits per
second.
* Sophisticated toll restrict logic— user programmable restrict
» Five digit access code— 59,049 user programmable code
combinations! (Their three digit code beginning with * has
less than 196 combinations.)
» Ringback (reverse patch) — alerts you with CW ID.
• Busy channel ringback inhibit— will not send CW ID alert if
channel is in use — defeatabte,
• Three/six minute *1ime-out" timer— resettable from the
mobile— four CW ID warnings during final minute.
• Control interrupt timer— assures reliable and positive control.
• Self contained 115VAC supply— 230V 50/60 Hz available at
slight additional cost.
• Modular phone jack— and seven foot cord.
• 14 day return privilege — when ordered factory direct,
• One year factory warranty,
OPTION: FCC registered coupler.
Inquire about commercial and half duplex models.
OUR QUALITY GLASS BOARD, SUPERB ENGINEERING
AND EXCELLENT COMPONENTS BLEND TOGETHER
TO PRODUCE THE FINEST AMATEUR AUTOPATCH
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HENRY RADIO
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Butler MO
JUNS ELECTRONICS
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N&G DISTRIBUTING CORP.
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THE HAM SHACK
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CONNECT
SYSTEMS
INCORPORATED
P.O. BOX 4155 TORRANCE CA 90510
23731 MADISON ST. TORRANCE, CA 90505
PHONE (213) 373-6803
73 Magazine * February, 1934 21
Calculate Your FT-101
Here's how to treat your trusty FT-101 to a truly automatic
digital display and get a frequency counter in the same box-
at the flick of a switch.
D N. Ellis VK8DE
57 Memorial Avenue-
Alice Springs, N, 7\ 5750
Australia
The FT-101 series of HF
transceivers has been
one of the most popular in
amateur radio history. One
lingering criticism of the
models through the "E'J
series, however, was
lack of a true calculating
digital display. White Yaesu
did offer the YO-601 digital
display, it counted only the
vfo and required operator
^ * *■ ^E 4^ ^" •
Photo A. Front view. Note that many ventilation holes were drilled oversize for more effec-
tive convection cooitng of the internally-mounted LM323K voltage regulator and heat sink
[photo by R. Campbell).
22 73 Magazine * February. 1984
adjustment for correct fre-
quency display with any
band or mode changes.
The "VK8DE Calculating
FT-101 Display" is a "hands-
off" calculating counter giv-
ing true zero-beat frequency
readout on all modes and
bands. It is inexpensive and
straightforward to build and
requires only a simple
passive interface to the
FT-101 . It can also serve as a
50-MHz bench frequency
counter, and also sports a
switchable calibration out-
put signal. The implementa-
tion used is LSTTL {Low-
power Schottky), available
worldwide at low cost. An
accurate, automatic digital
display is a necessity on the
crowded bands, and this
project is a convenient and
economical upgrade for
FT-101 owners.
The counter performs the
following frequency calcu-
lation formula according to
the FT-101 oscillator mixing
scheme: F = bfo + LO —
vfo, where F = the displayed
frequency, bfo = mode-
switched Beat Frequency
Oscillator (LSB, USBP and
CW/AM}, LO = band-
switched Local Oscillator (1
crystal per band), and vfo =
dial-tuned Variable Fre-
quency Oscillator.
General Description
Reference to the block
diagram of Fig, 1 will be
helpful for a general de-
scription. The three oscil-
lator signals are routed from
the FT-101 external vfo octal
socket (J13) on three pre-
viously unused pins through
coax to the display box.
Isolation amplifiers buff-
er the signals and then per-
form a TTL level conversion
for the digital processing. A
crystal-referenced oscillator
feeding a decade divider
chain provides necessary
timing for the control sec-
tion. The control section di-
rects updown counters to
follow the frequency deter-
mination formula and final-
ly to store and display the in-
formation in 7-LED numeri-
cal displays. The FAST/
SLOW switch offers the
operator a choice between
80- or 800-ms-dispIay up-
dates with 10O and 10-Hz
resolution, respectively.
The FT-101 /externa I switch
allows the unit to function
as a normal frequency count-
er using the LO jack as the
input source. The bfcxletect
circuit is used to provide a
preset substitute value in
the absence of bfo signal,
such as in AM receive mode.
This feature also gives zero-
beat CW frequency when
the FT-101 mode switch is
moved from CW to AM. The
"normal" CW presentation
is offset low by 800 Hz if
tuned properly, which hap-
pens to be the difference be-
tween the FT-101 's USB oscil-
lator of 3.1785 MHz (used in
CW receive) and the CW/AM
oscillator of 3.1793 MHz
(used in CW/AM transmit)- A
regulated +5-volt source
supplies the necessary power
for the counter, displays,
and isolation amplifiers.
Circuit Details
References to the timing
diagram (Fig, 2), and the four
i**l06 i*;
H5-JT4/U
o
ACCESSOR
VFO SOCKET
Jl
SGlaTiCN
CONVERTERS
J2
SIGNAL J
1H1lC3 VFQ
Hf-JMSty
sr:
* — »
CASTAS.
TIME
1A5£
CAL
300 *HZ
LD^EKT
vo
CONTROL
LOGIC
BKSPtAT
PAST / 94.0*
t
JP
a.
DOWN
COUNTERS
StOHAQE
LATCHES
_i-l-
J
oecoottt
DRIVERS
SEVEN
SEGMENT
LED
r
sections of the schematic
(Figs 3, 4, 5, and 6) will be
made in this section. Fig. 3
shows the raw analog bfo,
LO, and vfo cables routed to
the BNC jacks Jl, 2, and 3,
respectively. With the ex-
ception of a single input
resistor change in the bfo
isolation amplifier, the three
buffer-converters are iden-
tical One description will,
therefore, serve for the three
circuits.
Because of the JFET in-
put and the 1 -megohm bias
resistors, each of these am-
plifier's input impedance is
essentially the value of the
input resistor. For high sen-
srtivity it is 1000 Ohms for
the LO and vfo, and 1 0,000
Ohms for the bfo. These im-
pedances do not appreci-
ably load the oscillator sig-
nals with 1-meter connect-
ing lengths of RG-174/U
coax from the FT-1 01
The JFET then feeds an
NPN driver which emitter-
couples via a large value ca-
pacitor to a linearly-biased
74LS04. The IC wired in this
Fig, 1, Block diagram.
manner, as a dc-coupled
multistaged amplifier, pro-
duces a TTL level (HIGH
> 2.7 V, LOW < .8 V) pulse
output from the sinusoidal
input. This cheap but utili-
tarian dc 50-MHz analog-to
TTL amplifier has been used
so often by so many that it
must nearly be "public do-
main/*
Fig. 4 shows the bfo, LO,
and vfo TTL signals as inputs
to the timing and control
section. In order to guar-
antee the successful use of
low-cost LSTTL, the signals
are each prescaled (divided)
by a factor of 2, This forces
the maximum LO input of
35.52 MHz (used in the 29.5-
30MHz band of the FT 101)
to a value of 1776 MHz
after passing through U8, a
74S74 flip-flop.
The guaranteed specifica-
tion of 30 MHz for a 74LS74
flip-flop, or for that matter,
the 74L5192 up/down count-
ers, is thereby never tested.
The penalty for prescaling
by two is a corresponding
extension of the counting
time by the same factor,
The control-section ac-
tivity is directed by a four-
state counter made up of
U18P a 74LS74 Besides
creating a specific counting
interval for the bfo, LO, and
vfo, the state counter pro-
vides a fourth interval to dis-
play the resultant frequency
calculation and then pre-
pare the machine for
another cycle. The timing
diagram of Fig. 2 shows the
succession of these states
and the ensuing events. The
state names of 00, 10, 11, and
CH are derived from the suc-
cessive logical conditions of
U18 pins 5 and 9, called QA
and Qg. The 1-MHz crystal
oscillator of U6 is divided
down to provide a contin-
uous stream of state clock
pulses as shown in Fig. 2,
Three state clock pulses
cause the machine to count
up the bfo, count up the LO,
and count down the vfo, or
add, add, and subtract in
accordance with the F = bfo
+ LO — vfo equation. The
fourth state, called 01,
causes a LATCH command
to store the frequency value
STATE -
ACTfO*
-'
00
o* wc-ii, sfLOvn
I «0 ii
STATE CLOCKS
Ult-H
OS: UIB-9
&a uia-s
LATCH LHS-fl
BFO DETECT CLK
UIKG
-
n
tOlflTl^
***«**«
0"
L*TCMSLQ*D
'
n
n.
DO
n
■MTEffVAt ACTIO*
OD BFOI
1 0 LQ/EXT *
i I VP0 * _
01
U-4H1 TA.9T DISPLAY QP, 40 mi SLOW DISPLAY
LATCH /LOAD
I'HIOH TTL ?2 7V
O-LQW TTL *.BV
I INDICATES THAT ACTION
OCCURS QN POSITIVE
TRANSITION
I
r~L
s
r
BFO DETECT INTERVAL
LOAD. Ul-B
I
B
u
Fig, 2, Timing diagram.
73 Magazine • February, 1984 23
*5W FROM
V
i
«Pf 02
SOQtf
10*
t>M>-H>4»
hi
I
//<-
t
tU
>^
FT* tO I
VFO- 7
I
lo/extIjz (K
^prios
■vGfTJSU
BFG
tTTU
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FT--.CH VFQ^J*
,.-u 2
Fig J. Isolation amplifiers/TTL converters.
for display viewing and a
LOAD pulse to prepare the
74LS192 up/down counters
for the next display cycle, A
bfo-detect interval is also
defined that will determine
whether the counter chips
are to be loaded with zero or
whether, in the absence of a
bfo signal the preset value
of 031793 (the CW/AM oscil-
lator frequency) is substi-
tuted for the bfo
The two UP clock signals
(bfo and LO) are multiplexed
by U15, a 74LS158 The QA
(U18-5) line selects the bfo
Display
Digit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
74LS192
Counter
U28
U27
U26
U25
U24
U23
U22
when Qa is a logical 0 (less
than 8 volts), and the LO sig-
nal when it's a logical 1 (at
least 2.7 volts). During the
vfo (11) and Latch/Load (01)
states, U15 is disabled, pro-
ducing a solid logical 1 out-
put. The vfo flip-flop, U9, is
similarly disabled during the
bfo, LO, and Latch/Load
states. This action was nec-
essary to properly condi-
tion the 74LS192 counters
for up/down counting. Thus,
for UP counting of the bfo
and LO, the DOWN line is
disabled, and during DOWN
Fast/Slow*
BCD input
counting, the UP line is dis-
abled.
The occurrence of the 01
state produces the LATCH
command at U16-B, which
stores the counter bits into
74LS175 quad flip-flops. U17
is the bfo detector, and if
bfo activity was present dur-
ing the bfo-detect interval,
U17-8 will go to a logical 1,
disabling U3. The disabled
outputs of U3 will be all
zeros and will be jammed
into the 74LS192 counters
(U22 through U28) when the
LOAD pulse occurs later in
D (pin 9)
0/0
0/0
0/0
0/0
0/1
w
0/0
C (pin 10)
0/0
0/0
0/0
m
1/0
0/0
0/0
B (pin 1)
0/0
0/1
1/0
0/1
1/0
0/1
1/0
A (pin 15)
0/0
0/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/0
Decimal
0/0
0/3
3/1
1/7
7/9
ji j
3/0
'Preset value: Fast: 0031793; Siow: 0317930. Above inputs are active when no bfo signal is present and
counter is in FT-101 display mode. All counter-preset inputs are 2ero when in EXTERNAL mode, or when
a bfo signal is present in FT-101 mode,
Table 7, Preset counter hit values.
24 73 Magazine • February, 1984
the 01 interval. U17 is en-
abled only during the Latch
interval (01 state) and,
because of U1G, only when
the machine is in the FT-101
display mode. The extra Ulb
gates are used as a delay to
ensure U3 output stability
during activity of the LOAD
signal.
The presence of two dis-
play times, together with the
bfo-detection concept was
responsible for the inclusion
of U3 and its strangely*
named outputs. Table 1
shows how U3 (when wired
as shown in the schematic)
will (when no bfo signal has
been detected) inject into
the seven 74L5192 counters
the value 0031793 when in
the FAST mode (80-ms dis-
play update), and 0317930
when in the SLOW mode
[800-ms update).
Fig. 4 shows the 74LS192s,
the 74LS175 storage flip-
flops, the 74LS247 decoder-
drivers, current-limiting re-
sistors, and common-anode
right-hand decimal-point
displays. The direct-drive
approach was chosen to
minimize the chance of
display-driver RFIf which of-
ten is an unwanted result of
the more efficient method
of display-digit multiplex-
ing.
Two decimal points are lit
for each display mode: one
to distinguish megahertz
from kilohertz and one to
separate kilohertz from
Hertz. The FAST position il-
luminates decimal points on
digits 5 and 2 while the
SLOW setting drives digits 6
and 3. The decimal point
switching and driving derive
from a gate of U1 and an
open collector-inverter, U2.
The seven digits plus the
four decimal points require
53 18&Ohm, Vi-W resistors.
The displays are 8mm red
5082-7731 units, but any com-
mon-anode right-hand deci-
mal-point displays will work.
Fig. 6 shows the power
supply, An LM323K in a
15-Watt heat sink is ample
for the maximum 2.1 -Am*
pere current requirement.
About 1 .5 Amps is used by
The small dish that
captures all the
entertainment.
Only Wilson Microwave Systems can
give you the versatility of hand-held
control of the total satellite television
spectrum at such a remarkably
low price.
Total System Design.
From the sohd steel antenna to trie
state-of-the-art electronic receiver and
hand-held control unit, Wilson gives
you the most complete, integrated
system you can own*
At Wilson Micro waue Systems, we
put the world of entertainment in the
palm of your hand.
BUILT BY YAESU
1 year warranty on receivers
4 year limited warranty on dish
WILSON
MICROWAVE
SYSTEMS, INC.
NOW ONLY
$1695.00
F.O.B. Nam pa. ID
Includes: 110° LNA - Polarizer I - 100' Cable
Wilson MD9 Dish - YM1000 Receiver
Dealerships
Available
Antenna is shown with optional LNA cover.
Distributed by
NAMPA SATELLITE SYSTEMS
138
312 12th Avenue South • Nampa, Idaho 83651
(208) 466-6727
In State Wats 1-800-654-1319 • Out of State Wats 1-800-654-0795
** See Ust of Advertisers on page 98
73 Magazine * February, 1984 25
*6V
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Fig, 4, Timing and control schematic.
i-AMP
'test
the display during a lamp
test, when all digits show
eights, A 15-V center-tapped,
3-Amp transformer in a full-
wave configuration was used-
The ac primary is double-
pole switched and fused for
safety. A single-point ground
system was employed to
minimize the chances of
ground loops
The time base for the proj-
ect is conventionally imple-
mented from a 1-MHz TTL
crystal oscillator (U6) and a
cascaded string of 74LS90
decade dividers. U14 is
wired as a 1-of-2 selector to
change the frequency of
final divider U11's outputs
by a factor of 10 for the
FAST/SLOW display presen-
tation- An unused portion of
U9 divides the 1-MHz oscil-
lator signal by 2, then a
26 73 Magazine * February, 1984
remaining U6 gate buffers it
and feeds a CRC differentia-
tion network. When the CAL
switch is activated, a 500-
kHz harmonically rich sig-
nal is routed to the J 4
-. >
Photo B, Rear view. Shown are the FT-101 inputs, the 500-kHz
CAL output, and the operating controls. For frequency
counter use, the toggle switch is set to EXT and the signal of
interest connected to the LO/EXT input (photo by R. Camp-
hell).
output jack. This easily al-
lows band-edge checks and
frequency station-standard
checks against WWV, jJYH
CHU, etc.
Construction
and Checkout
The project was built in
stages, The FT-101 interface
was wired first. Many thanks
to KH6BK (March, 1977,
GST) for this simple but ef-
fective method of accessing
the three FT-101 oscillator
signals,
FT-101 interface instruc-
tions: The objective is to
capacitively couple the bfo,
LO, and vfo via small sec-
tions of RC-174/U coax
routed through the under-
side of the chassis to the vfo
accessory socket (J13) at
pins 3, 7, and 2r respectively.
r
812-422-0231
808 N. Mai
Evansville, IN 47711
HAM SHACK
TEN TEC 2591
SANTEC142
■
^^^m
^^^B
■
l~
I
1
1
^^
_ ,__,
1 #r- ';
4
^fe
■■
■
It • ^^^^^^^—
r
■
YAESU 726R
AEA
CPHC-64 or VICZO Software Package. ....... $235-00
MP-2G or M P-64 Interface Package , , . . 1 29.00
Software for C 64 of VIC 20 69.00
Armor Text . . 6900
ARAL
US Call Directory
1964 Handbook
Antenna Book
S1575
12.00
8.00
ALLIANCE
H 073 MO 7 sq ftl Rotator .
$09.00
ASTRON
RS7A5 7 Amp Power Supply.
RS10A 7.5-10 Amp Power Supply.
RS12A 9- 12 Amp Power Supply. ..
RS20A 1 6-20 Amp Power Supply
RS20M 16-20 Amp w/metef .
RS35A 25-35 Amp
RS35M 25-35 Amp w/roete* .
RS50A 37*50 Amp
RS50M 37^50 Amp w/meter .
AZDEN
PCS4000 2M mobile rig
BENCHER
BY 1 PaddlefBY*2 Chrome.
BUTTERNUT
H F6 V GO- 1 0 M b tef Verl teal ,
CUSHCRAFT
A3 Tribander 3EL
A4Tritandtf 4EL
, . . $49.00
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R3 Motor Tu ned Vertical
214BV214FB Boomers 14EL 2M
32-19 Super Soomer 19EL2M
ARX 2B Ringo Ranger II 2 M
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GN 520 1.ft«J MH2 SWR/Pwr Mtr. .
CN-620B T B-150 MHz SWR/Pwr Mtr
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CN720Bl.frl50MHzSWR/PwrMlr
DRAKE
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ENCOMM (SANTEQ
ST- 142, 222. 442
The Han dh elds Still Offering the Meet Features
Call for Your Discount Price
HAL
DS3lOOfMFtVST6000 S2.825.00
CT2200/KB22O0 945.00
CWR685Q Telereader . . . , 749 00
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TH7 DXS7EL Tribander, .:,..
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Explorer 14 Tribander
5/8 Wave2M Mag Ml . <
0045 8,5 sqtt Rotator
HDR300 25sqttRota1of
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Free Shipping on all crank-up lowers
.3375.00
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279 00
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3AT/4AT Handheld* 235,00
27 A 2M Xcvr _ _ __ „ca)i
27 1 H new 2M 1G0VY Amp ..„„„„....... — ™-™„,cail
4&A 440 MHz . 335.00
R70 Receiver. 595 00
KIM
OSCAR antennas in stock .„.
.call for prices
KANTRONICS
The Interface ][ The brand new computer infer! ace tor
CW. RTTY. ASCII- Software Available tor VIC20. C 64.
APPLE, ATARI. TR80C. TI99
Amlor Software Now Available
LARSEN
NLA- 150-MM 5/8 Wave 2M Mag Ml
$39.00
Prices and Availability Subject to Change
m ^^^^^^^^^^ !•*» '*"* 1
- :< > D ) i
■
1 Q o Jf y O v — *
■■^H
ICOM 745
MFJ
1224 New Compjier Inierface. ....
941 C Tuner /MelerV Ant. SwJtch/Bal un
422 KeyermENCHER Paddte combo
3l3VMFCor?Vfor HT
989 3KW Tuner . ..
940B Tuner/Meter/ Am. Switcn .
900 Tuner
401 Eeonokeyer
722 Filter w/notch
812 VHF Meter
B16 HF Meter..
1040 Deluxe Preselector. . . .
103 New 24hr Clock.
■ ■
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$61 00
8900
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285.00
72,00
45 00
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MIRAGE
B1016 10^160 Preamp $245 00
B301630Vl60Preamp 199.00
D24N 440 MHz Amp, ...„ 179,00
SHURE
444 D Desk Mic --■ S$$jqq
TEN-TEC
New 2M Handheld (Mode! 2591| Now Available
Argosy II Digital £535.00
2KW Tuner Kll 165,00
The Faniastic Corsair , . . . Call
TOKYO HY POWER
HUK)V2'30W Amp. .
HLl60V3oriuV160WPreamp. .
HC2000 2KW Tunef .
HLfl2V 1D/8GYV Pieamp
HL20U2^0WUHFAmp ......
HL45D 1W45WUHF Amp/Preamp
HLS0U 10/80W UHF Amp/Preamp
- —
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10500
175.00
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YAESU
FT726RTrl-bandXcvr .,.,. 699,00
FT 960 Computer Aided Xcvr System. , , . , Call
FT-102 160 lOMw/WARC Bands Xcvr 88900
FT 20&R 2M Handheld . 265 00
FT-757GX GenT Coverage Xcvr. „ call
OSCAR HEADQUARTERS
Transcervejs ■ Call ior Special Package Price
ICOM 271 A/471A Deluxe 8ase Transceivers
ICOM 290H/49OA Af roi dable Mobile Transceivers
ICOM 402 432 MHz Transceiver
YAESU 726RJ432 MHz/Duplexer
Antennas & Amplifiers
KLM 14C. ISC, CS2 & Stacking Frames . .
CUSHCRAFT 41 6TB, 144-10?, 144 20T
MIRAGE D1O10N432 MHz Amp/Preamp
TOKYO HY-POWER HL90U Amp/Preamp
KEN-PRO KR-500 Elevation Rotor
KEN PROUHF/VHF Preampntiers
ALUANCE U11Q Small Elevation Rotator
Call
. . . .Catl
S279.00
305.00
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49.00
Send SASE for our new & used equipment list.
MON-FRI 9AM 6PM • SAT 9AM 3PM
Merry Christmas from Dan, Sandi, Laura, Rick, Mary, Marconi, Dave, The Q & Harold.
UP/DOWN COUNTERS
LATCHES
7-SEGfflNT
DECODE* 0#fV£fi$
COMMON AMO&E
RH&P &f$PLAr$
i i DIGIT 3
omit «
DIGIT 7
Fig. 5. Up/down counters and display schematic.
H9W **t *T SlH*
1 17 VAC
[ 2A SOWVii. i
W
SYSTEM
imxwo Ren w
F/g. 6. Power supply.
The shields will be soldered
to J13, pin 8. Dress and tin
the leads for neatness.
D)Bfo: Prepare a suitable
length of coax and solder
the inner conductor to one
side of a 01 -/tF capacitor.
Solder the other end of the
capacitor to pin 6 of PB
1184A connector. Solder the
shield to pin 7 (gnd), Route
the cable to the octal vfo
socket and solder the inner
conductor to pin 3. Solder
the shield to pin 8.
(2) LO Prepare a length of
coax and solder the inner
conductor of one end direct-
ly to pin 15 of the PC con-
nector for PB 1181 A, Solder
the shield to pin 18 (gnd).
After routing the cable back
to the vfo socket, solder the
inner conductor to pin 7 and
the shield to pin 8.
(3) Vfo: Prepare a length
of coaxial cable. Solder the
inner conductor to one end
of a 01 -/*F capacitor. Solder
the other end of the
capacitor to pin 11 of the PC
connector for PB 1180A
(mixer). Solder the shield to
pin 10. Route the cable to
the vfo socket, soldering the
inner conductor to pin 2 and
the shield to pin 8.
(4) Remove PB 11 81 A.
Solder a 01-^tF capacitor
between test point TP and
pin 15 Replace PB1181A.
The interface cable from
the FT-101 to the VK8DE
Calculating FT-101 Display
consists of an octal plug,
three equal sections of RG-
174/U coax up to 1m in
length, and three plugs. The
plugs used in the prototype
were BNCr but RCA shielded
phono plugs would work.
Prepare the plug ends of the
cables, check for shorts,
then solder the inner con-
ductors to octal plug pins 2t
3, and 7 Label the cable to
pin 2 'VFO/' the pin 3 cable
"BFO," and the pin 7 cable
JJLO/' and solder the three
shields to pin 8.
Plugging and unplugging
the cabled octal plug at the
external vfo socket will
probably shift the receiver
frequency a few Hertz This
is normal and merely re-
28 73 Magazine * February, 1984
The Evolution of a Superior
Terminal for RTTY and CW
AIR-1 Past
As an R & D project, the AIR-1 went smooth as
silk* By using our proven TU designs and software
that's been refined on units such as the ultimate
ATR-6800, we obtained a level of performance
only found in much more expensive dedicated
systems. Compare it for yourself or ask an AIR-1
owner. They work great!
AIR-1 Present
Along with great performance^ the AIR-1 boasts
an impressive list of features, some of which are
exclusive to Microlog,
• Computer enhanced detection means extensive
use of software digital filtering techniques for
noise and bandwidth that track the operating
speed and code.
• Full speed RTTY 60 to 132 WPM, CW to 150
WPM, & 110/300 Baud ASCII.
• Choice of full or split-screen display with large
type ahead text buffer and programmable
memories,
• On screen tuning indicators mean you never
have to take your eyes off the video for perfect
copy tuning, RTTY "scope" cross hatch and
"red-dot" signal acquisition monitor right on
thr screen.
• Kevword or manual control of VIC or Parallel
printer and receive buffer storage*
• Convenient plug-in jacks for all connections*
• Single board design contains TU & ROM soft-
ware that does not require external power.
• Full one year warranty.
• WRU, UNshift On Space, Word wrap-around,
Test "Quick Brown Fox" & (iRYRY" in ROM.
Break buffer. Random Code generator, Hand-
key input, Real-time clock, sturdy metal cover
and more.
The optional on-board 4 mode AMTOR in-
cludes these exciting extras:
• ARQ mode A (chirp) , Time Diversity mode B
(Selective & Collective Broadcast), and Listen
(eavesdrop) for mode A.
• Word processor mode for full editing of
transmit and receive text.
• The unprecedented ability to transmit BASIC
programs over the air directly from memory I ! !
Just load your program normally by hand, disc
or tape, jump to AIR-1 to establish communica-
tions, and type a special control command. The
AIR-1 does the rest. All standard Commodore
Basic and screen control commands are trans-
mitted/received intact, just as you typed them,
for immediate RUN/ SAVE. Share BASIC pro-
grams with your friends around the world
without tedious "two-step" re-tvping or mailing
fragile discs and tapes.
AIR-1 Future
There's room for expansion and adaptability
with some really "neat stuff* planned for the
AIR-L But then, why tip off the competition?
Now you understand how we live up to the title
"Innovators in Digital Communications/' The
complete AIR-1 for VIC-20 or C-64 is $199 (with
AMTOR, $279). See it at your local dealer or call
Microlog Corporation, 18713 Mooney Drive,
Gaithersburg, Maryland 20879, TELEPHONE
(301) 258-8400, TELEX 908153.
MICROLOG
INNOVATORS IN DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
^51
Coinmifcinre and VtC 20 are registered trademark* of Commiiclure Electronics, Ltd.
Copyrights J9S3 MICROLOC COIlPOilATlON
— »
Parts List
FM01 Interface
1 7406
3 +01-/tF disc capacitors
1 74LS14
3 45-cm pieces RG-174/U
1 74S74
Interface Cable
1 74LS11
1 Octal plug
1 74LS06
3 1m sections RG-174/U
3 74LS74
3 RG-174 BNC plugs
6 74L690
7 74LS192
Isolation Amplifiers
7 74LS175
3 Metal boxes1
7 74LS247
3 5 x 2,5 cm fiberglass
7 5082-7731 red CA
pert board
3 BNC chassis jacks
displays
1500 cm wire-wrap wire
2 1kQ resistors
1 10kQ resistor
Power Supply
3 1 M resistors
1 15VCT® 3 A
3 4.7kQ resistors
transformer
3 180Q resistors
2 1N54D0 diodes
3 560Q resistors
1 .5-Amp fuse
3 470Q resistors
1 fuse holder
3 15KQ resistors
1 DPS! switch
6 1N91 4 diodes
1 1000-mF @ 25- V
3 MPF102JFETs
capacitor
3 2N708 NPN
1 IO-^iF @ 6*V capacitor
3 47-jiF, 6-V capacitors
1 15-WattT03 heat sink
3 74LS04
1 LM323K 5-volt, 3-A
3 14-pin solder*tail IC
regulator
sockets
2 .1-^F @ 50-Vdisc
3 RCA phono jacks
capacitors
Counter Board
1 3-wire ac cord
1 1-MHz series-resonant
Chassis
crystal
1 LMB CCMA cabinet
1 10-10f>pF (nominal)
1 9 cm x 2 cm red display
ceramic trimmer cap
bezel
12 A^iF disc ceramic caps
3 SPOT toggle switches
3 RCA shielded phono
1 rubber gromrnet for
plugs
power cord
3 15cmRG-174/U
1 SPOT momentary
1 2.2k, %-W resistor
switch3
53 1 80S, V* -W resistors
1 1000, V^W resistor
2 1QG£,Y4-W resistors
Misc.
2 470Q, Y^W resistors
4 3-cm metal standoffs
2 160-pFcaps
4 2*cm metal standoffs
1 20 cm x 12 cm glass
4 1,5-cm metal standoffs
epoxy board2
Screws, washers, bolts,
31 16-pin DIP wire-wrap
wires, hand tools, solder,
sockets
etc.
23 14-pin DIP wire-wrap
sockets
1. About 7.5 cm x 4,5 cm x
8 16-pin DIP component
2 cm, similar to Bud 2100.
carriers (headers)
2. 2.54mm-spaced hole-
1 74LS37
drilled, similar to Vector
1 74LS157
84P44WE
1 74LS158
3. Lamp test/power-on^eset
fleets the small change in
oscillator loading.
The next step suggested is
the construction of the three
isolation amplifiers. Com-
pact layout, either by
printed-circult etching or
point-topoint wiring, Is
called for A reasonable
example layout for the
amplifier from WA2FPT can
be found in the September
1982r 73 ( on page 44.
The three amplifiers were
mounted in small metal
boxes for shielding, with
BNC inputs 01,2, and 3) and
RCA phono-output jacks (J 5,
6, and 7\ RCA phono con-
nectors could be used in-
stead of BNC jacks to save a
couple of dollars. The boxes
were positioned at the rear
of the cabinet so that J1, J 2,
TWINS
CONTROL
AND
JJP^DQWN
COUN't^S AND
ORlVEftS
1
ursC
-
«
L.II7
1 MH(
DM
1
2
r*ce
Lii
LtM
13
L3*0
1 2
l5*0
10
J II
*
.:'-
a
IT*
21
.35:
20
if
UK
t
LIT*
IT
1ST*
--
_:- Ik
E
u
2?
26
£3
«
23
22
■ ■
LEDS AND
H£S(ST3SS
33
34
33
12
31
■
30
29
— 7AL£i92
42
41
40
39
36
37
5fl
74LSI7&
74L5247
*9
48
47
AS
-',
«
43
»
33
34
13
52
31
SO
I0O& 1/4*
RESISTORS
30i2-TT3i C4
7- SEGMENT LED
SOCKET COWPLEME'.
IIM tU»«, ZZ-*»
THlOLE
SINGLE BOARD LAYOUT
Fig, 7. Board options [component side).
and J3 would protrude into
the enclosed compartments.
The board layout shown in
Fig. 7 allows a choice of pack-
aging. Using the single-board
approach minimizes inter-
connections between pieces
but requires a larger cabinet
and right-angle sockets for
the display LEDs. Cutting the
larger board into three small-
er sections, as shown by dot-
ted lines, allows for a more
compact chassis but more
board-to-board wires. The
prototype employed the
three-board approach, mainly
for aesthetics. Either way will
work. Liberal use of ,1-+tF by-
pass capacitors is recom-
mended — about one to every
four ICs.
After the isolation ampli-
fiers are built and working,
the power supply should be
built to allow checkout of
the succeeding sections.
Then the 1-MHz oscillator
and decade divider chain
can readily be wired. This
prototype used wire-wrap-
ping on a 2.54mm drilled
fiberglass board (similar to
the Vector 84P44WE), but it
is not required. Years of
home-brewing, however, point
to a higher success rate with
wire-wrapping despite the ex-
tra cost Point-to-point con-
struction would be somewhat
cheaper and will definitely
work but would probably re-
quire a larger layout The
choice is yours.
Power and ground wires
to all ICs should be wired
next. Use of a TTL data book
is helpful, remembering that
the wiring side is a mirror im-
age of the component side.
The control section was
wrapped next, and the tim-
ing diagram of Fig, 2 should
30 73 Magazine * February, 1964
WE SHIP WORLDWIDE
Your one source for all Radio Equipment!
'JQZr
For the best buys in town call:
212-925-7000
Los P red os Mas Bajos en Nueva
York.. .
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K.
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Saturday & Sunday 10 to 5 PM
£• L Monday- Friday 9 to 6:30 PM Thurs. to 8 PM
Come to Barry's for the bast buys in town. For
Orders Only Please Call: 800-221-2683
ICOM
IC R7G\ IC-751, 10*730, (C 745, IC-27A , IC-37A
IC47AJC-271A/H, IC-2KL, IC-471A, IC-290H, JC-120
ms§y
Join us for our G.W.
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We are now an Authorized
KENWOOD
Dealer
R-600, R-1000, Ft-2000, TS-930S/AT,
TS 430S, TR 2500/3500 f TR 7930, TR
7950, TWM000A*
Kenwood Service/ Repair,
IROCKWELUCOLLINS
KWM-380
VoCom/Mirage
Tokyo Hy-Power
Amplifiers &
5/SKHTGain
Antennas IN STOCK
FT-ONE, FT-980, FT 102. FT-77. FT-23QR FT7S7GX
FT-726H, FT-720RU, FT-290R, FRG-7700, FT-2Q3R
YAESU ICOM LindMgfcilt H/T
FT-208R IC2AT
FT708R IC3AT
FTC- 1903 IC4AT
IC02AT
WHion Mini Com II
Y«*tu FTC 2203. FT 4703
I com tC-Mt 2 (Marina)
TimpD M-1
DRAKE Tfi-5t Tfl*7A, R-7A, L-7. L-75, Earth
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EARTH SATELLITE STATION ESS-2250
KANTRONICS
Field Day 2, Mini-Reader,
Interface, Software &
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EIMAC
3*5002
5728. 6JS6C
12BY7A&
4-400A
Computer Interface
stocked: MFJ-1224 Repeaters In Stock:
AEA CP-1t Kantronics Spectrum SCR-1000, 4000, * 77
Big Ham Clock/Ham Tags ,C0M «-RP 3010 {440 MHz)
ICOM IC-RP 1210 (1.2 GHz)
SMART PATCH
CESStrnpieJc AutopaTd 51C-SA WHt PalCfi FM
Transceiver To Your Telephone Greet For
Telephone Cans From Mobile To Base Simple
To Use $319 95
SANTEC
ST-222/UP
ST-142/UP }
ST442/UP
NEW IMPROVED
MURCH Model
UT20006
MFJ Models
MM. WOB, MIC, »95!D
HAM MastefTapes—
Beta or VHS Tapes
AEA 144 MHz
AEA 440 MHz
ANTENNAS
BIRD
attmeters &
Elements
m Stock
Complete Butternut Antenna
Inventory In Stock1
ROBOT 4500400C1200C
Color Mod Kits
Long -range Wire low
Tblephone tor export
In stock
BENCHER PADDLES &
Vibroplex Keys In Stock u
New TEN-TEC
2591 HT, Corsair In Stock
DENTRON IS BACK IN STOCK!
DIGITAL
FREQUENCY
COUNTER
Trionyn-
Modei TR 1000
0-6O0 MHz
Digimai Model
0 5 to 50 Hz-IGHe
Tn E* Towers
y Gain TowsrspJ
& Anlanna*. -ijfcjf
and Rotors
will be shipped direct
to you FREE of shipping cost
MAIL ALL ORDERS TO BARRY ELECTRONICS CORP., 512 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY. NY 10012.
New York City's
LARGEST STOCKING HAM DEALER
COMPLETE REPAIR LAB ON PREMISES
"Aqul Se Habla Espanol"
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STORE HOURS: Monday-Friday 9 to 6:30 PM
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Saturday + Sunday 10 to 5 p.m. (Free Parting)
AUTHORIZED DISTS, MCKAY DYMEK FOR
SHORTWAVE ANTENNAS & RECEIVERS.
I RT/LEX "Spring St Station
Subways: BMT-4'Prince SL Station"
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Bus: Broadway #6 to Spring St,
ORDER LINE
CALL
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We Slock: AEA ARRL Alpha, Ameco, Antenna Specialists. Astatic,
Aslron, B & Kt B & W, Bash. Bencher. Bird, Butternut CDE. CES, Collins,
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Daiwat DentronP Dig I max, Drake. ETO (Alpha), Elmac, Encomm, Hall*
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Newtronics, Nye Viking, Palomar, RF Products, Radio Amateur Callbook,
Robot. Rockwell Collins, Saxton, Shure, Swan, Telex, Tempo, Ten-Tec,
Tokyo HI Power, Trlonyx TUBES, W2AUt Waber, Wilson, Yaesu Ham and
Commercial Radios. Vocom, Vibroplex, Curtis, Tri-Ex, Wacom Dupiexers.
Repeaters, Phelps Dodge, Fanon Intercoms, Scanners, Crystals , Radio
Publications,
WE NOW STOCK COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
DEALER INQUIRIES INVITED, PHONE IN YOUR ORDER & BE REIMBURSED.
COMMERCIAL RADIOS atocked A e«r viced on premie* a.
Amateur Radio A Computer Course* Qlven On Our Premises, Call
Export Orders Shipped Immediately . TELEX 1 2-7670
ip* Se* U$t of A tfverf ts«rs on page 98
73 Magazine • February, 1984 31
be referenced for verifica-
tion. Access to a dual-trace
triggered sweep oscillo-
scope would be extremely
helpful if substantial trouble-
shooting is anticipated (or
necessary!). The last section
connected is circuitry from
Fig. 5, consisting of the
74LS192 up/down counters,
74LS175 latches, 74LS247
decoder drivers, the 180
Ohm resistors, and the dis-
plays, The front of the pro-
totype contains only the
display bezel to emphasize
the "hands-off design con-
cept The FAST/SLOW switch
is a long "bat handle" type
on the upper-rear center pan-
el that is easily accessed by a
finger flick For even easier
access, it could as readilv
mount on the front, centered
beneath the display.
Operational checks are
made by watching the dis-
play as the FT-101 is tuned.
Upon the application of
power, the display will brief-
ly flash all 8s. When display-
ing frequency, the last digit
will be plus or minus a digit,
and will change at either the
80-ms'fast rate, or every 800
ms, the slow rate. The 80-ms
(12.5 Hz) updates will track
any tuning rate generated
by human hands. Moving
the FT-101 /EXT switch to the
EXT position with the unit
cabled to the FT-101 will
display the particular LO
crystal-oscillator frequency.
The bfodetect circuit is
checked by noting the dif-
ference in frequency as the
FT-101 is switched from CW
to AM. The AM position
should read about 800 Hz
higher than the CW display
When the CAL signal is input
into the LO/EXT jack (|2) and
the EXT switch activated,
the counter should read ex-
actly -500.00 in the SLOW
position, and .500 00 in the
FAST position. A short wire
inserted into the CAL jack
(j4) and pfaced near the
FT-101 antenna input will
couple the CAL signal into
the FT-101, allowing band
edge checks, The 1-MHz os-
cillator can be trimmed
against WWV in this
manner
Although any suitable-
sized, well-ventilated metal
cabinet could be used to
house the display counter,
those in the LMB CO series
of two-tone gray cabinets
are particularly appealing.
The prototype is housed in
the CCMA model (20 x18 x
10cm) which required care-
ful, dense packaging This
line of cabinetry has a con-
venient sub<hassis that
allows all the ac wiring to lie
under the sub-chassis plate.
A source for LMB cabinets is
Tri-Tekjnc. 7808 N. 27th
Ave., Phoenix AZ 85021.
The VK8DE Calculating
FT-101 Display can be built
from all-new purchased
parts for about US$100 A
little scavenging can reduce
that figure substantially,
however Areas of cost re-
duction are cabinetry and
point-to-point wiring to
avoid wire-wrap construc-
tion.
The project was con-
ceived, designed, and built
sporadically over a two-year
period, allowing for some
circuit refinement, and,
admittedly, for economical
parts acquisition. An "as-
built" parts list appears in
the box. My only regret is
that it was not built sooner
A display counter such as
this one is well worth the
effort for the home-brewing
FT-101 owner Variations on
the conventional design
themes used are quite feasi-
ble and are to be encouraged
tor the adventurous experi-
menter.
As the one and two "kilo*
buck" price barriers are reg-
ularly burst by new HF trans-
ceivers, investing a modest
sum and a little work to
modernize the venerable
FT-101 seems a rather attrac-
tive alternative.
Happy digitizing! ■
TUCSON AMATCUft PACKCT RADIO
Complete
Pocket
Radio
Controller
Kit!
Simple hookup and comrnonds for the neuxomer to pocket!
On-boofd modem designed For optimum performance ujith scondorcj. unmodified
transceivers
ftetoin* over 60 user odjustabie parameters {including <oll sign, terminal
characteristics etc.)— even with power removed!
full flXfiS and VRDCG protocols — am It in!
Simultaneous operation as pocket station and digital repeater— bmlt ml
full duple i operation (perfect for Oscar 10) — built ml
ftS^£3£C to 19 fi kboud) and faroltel Interfaces — built in"
Parallel port optionally configurable for link status monitonng — bmlt in!
52H ROAA and SH ARM — included1 - expandable to 64K ujichout mod»hcat*onj
On board rrequencu calrbration circuitry fat modem— bull in!
Regulated power supply — built in'
PC board electronically tested to assure quality!
• MO- poa« moftueri wtth 50 poge +*wv iUu«iot«d construction rct?an - inducted*
• HundVctfs of TflPfl XHCto/m m ttm NM tiOUJI
• for botfcgr ound «c Ham Radio iulv and Auqvss ! 963 ' and 73 MaganrM Seotefrtwand
October 1083
• Supper rrvoixp PSA TAPR» tj. monm^ neuskHier se/vsno a me*r***sNp of over 500
OMtteuttiuorJdJiHidjpl
• Irttrpducforv pne* *fl*0 (pfcrt 1 7 S&h : uSand Conodo fttiono residents add 5% toi
• MoAydJ ovailofcl* wptvc/«'v 'a* *li p-u* %2 S6H i m the US and Gcrada tmonual once
tttdtfobte coujortH hit purrhcrvc
Send o depovf Of S£S to ie cure your delivery post»on to -" 1 36
Tuuon Amateur Fodiet Aodw (TAPft) P O Bex 2E8SS, Tucson, RZ 85734
(f* Hon-Ptahi Reseorcn and Development Orouc
hC*9 OlX
up TO 4Q <Joyi hy iMrwy
stne uptcteorom *jc^*r t w <fa^i »***w -«?« e
ALL NEW H.F. 10/160 METER
SOLID STATE P.L.L. TRANSCEIVER
Model 10/160 M
USB-LSB
4 Memories
3 Way Auto-Scan
Includes New Bands
3-Step Tuning Speed
IF Tune ±1 KHZ
BufIMn Dual VFO
Narrow CW filter optional
CW-WCW-N
2G0W.PEPU60M 12M)
100 W. PEP (10M)
Built-in Power Supply
AC-12G VAC
DC- 13.8 V -Ground
External ALC & Belay
RTTY, FAX, ASCII
NCG
JUST SLIGHTLY AHEAD
1275 N. GROVE ST.
ANAHEIM, CA 92806
Cable: NATCOLGLZ
"254
TO ORDER OR
DLR JNFO. CALL
(714) 630 4541
NOTE Price. Specifications suojeet to change
withoul notice and obtiqaiion
32 73 Magazine • February, 1984
Breakthroug
ADVANCED ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS. INC. was the first company to introduce a single chip microcomputer- based product
(the AD-1 Auto Dialer) to theconsumer market back in 1977. Since that time. AEA has developed a reputation for engineering design
excellence (in both hardware and software), high manufacturing qualily, outstanding customer service and prices that are
competitive with products providing much less value If you have never owned an AEA product, ask others who have and you will find
a real pride in ownership resulting from years of reliable and enioyable service.
MICROPATCH™ Low-Cost/High-Performance interface with Software
The MICROPATCH'* computer interface is our latest example of engineering excellence bringing
you superb value at a low, low price. The MICROPATCH isa COMPLETE RTTY/'CWVASCII PLUG-
IN HARDWARE SOFTWARE PACKAGE for either the Commodore 64 (model MP-64) or VIC-20
computer (model MP-2Q). The MICROPATCH includes MBATEXT™ software which is currently
the most extensive and most user-friendly communications software available for the VIC- 20 or
C-64 computers. The hardware outperforms any competitive unit we have tested under $200, but
is easily up-gradeable to the CP-t Computer Patch'* without sacrificing $90 worth of software.
You can also use it with any other computer by making use of the MICROPATCH hardware and
procuring new software The MICROPATCH is extremely easy to integrate into your station by
simply wiring a mating microphone connector onto a cable pre-wired to the MICROPATCH and by
providing audio to the 3,5 mm jack on the MICROPATCH from your receiver external speaker jack.
The MICROPATCH comes complete with keyboard overlay prompting aid and operator's manual.
Operates from 12V DC (power supply not included) For more information, see your dealer or use
the coupon below.
COMPUTER PATCH™ Deluxe Interface
The COMPUTER PATCH'* interface has earned a solid reputation for outstanding
performance at a very reasonable cost. The COMPUTER PATCH features dual-channel
Mark and Space filtering with a sophisticated Automatic Threshold Correction (ATC)
circuil that allows for good copy even when either one of the tones is totally obliterated.
The COMPUTER PATCH has become the new standard of excellence for computer
interfaces. 1 1 7VAC wall adapter supply is included. AEA now has software available for
most popular computers. Including AMTORTEXT* for the C-64 when used with the CP-
1 or MICROPATCH.
MORSEMATIC™ Advanced Keyer/Trainer
AEA has developed the most sophisticated line of automatic microcomputerized Morse keyers
and trainers in the world. AEA keyers and trainers are the standard against which all others have
been judged and have fallen short Two of our trainers (Model BT-1 and KT-3) are designed for
people who have never learned the Morse Code, The BT-1 and KT-3 utitlze our basic training
program which actual ly teaches the code at 1 8 or 20 WPM character speed and al lows you to go to
99 WPM. The proficiency training programs in the MM-2 and KT-2 are designed for the person
who already knows the Morse Code, but wants to upgrade in the shortest ttme possible. All AEA
keyers operate from 12VDC (power supply not included!
ANTENNAS
The ISOPOLE™ patented antenna has caused more excitement in innovative VHFantenna design than
any anienna in recent history. Initially called a "gimmick" antenna by our competitors, all the laughter
has long since subsided as the ISOPOLE has proven to be a high performer, rugged yet sleek
appearing, and easiest of all to assemble, with little chance for installation or tuning errors
In the same vein, the AEA Hot Rod"" antenna is shorter, lighter and less bufky than compel it>ve 5/8 wave
two meter handheld whips Equally important, the Hot Rod does not have an out-of-phase current at
the base that distorts the pattern as in the case of the 5 '8 wave competitors. This means actual on-the-
honzon gain for the Hot Rod retatrve to the 5/8 wave. In spite of the fact that a tuning network to match
an end fed half-wave is far more difficult to achieve than for a 5'B wave, the Hot Rod is priced to
compete. __ _ ,.
J Please Send
Since our beginning in 1977 with one
unique and innovative product, our product
line has grown to over 30 catalog items. For
your free catalog describing all our fine
products in detail, please fill out and return
the attached coupon or better yet. see your
dealer.
^^ ^m ^^ Brings you the
#-%^H#-m Break through!
I D Catalog D Dealer List D Price List D Other |
i '
■ Name
I
Address
I
Telephone
Advanced Electronic Applications, Inc.
P.O. BOX C-2160 • LYNNWOOD. WA 98036 • (206) 775-7373 • Telex: 152571 AEA INTL
CM
73 Magazine • February, 1984 33
OS5 NEEDLE METER
DAIWA
BE HEARD!
GIVE YOUR HAND-HELD
THE BOOST IT NEEDS!
The New Daiwa LA 2035 two meter
linear amplifier.
A compact amp at a compact price
Only $79.95 Suggested Retail.
This amplifier is designed for toe uith fumd-held transceivers in
either mobile or fixed station configurations.
Btratwe of iU fight weight and compact size, the LA-2(X$5 can he
mounted under the dmh* under the seat, or in any other convenient
location*
The LA -203-5 is equipped uith HF activated stand by cirmritry.
Easy operation. Simply ctmnert your antenna and your hand-held to
the IA-2(X35. Connect the LA-21J35 to a statable power supply and go.
Soeof cations
Band' 144 148 MHz
Mode FM CW SSB
Input power J -3 watts
Maximum output power 30 watts plus,
Powe? consumption 138VDC at 5 A Max
Dirn&nsiQfis 100W X 35H * 125Dm m
Weight 500 grams
Coawal input cable supplied with a BNC connector
Output connector 30239
CN-520/CN-540/CN-550
Cross Needle Meters
Daiwa cross needle convenience in a compact case
Gel SWR anr] Ppwer readings m a single glance
DK-200/DK-210
Electronic Keyers
CW is both commumcatEQn and art
Sharpen your "fist" with Daiwa preosKKi*
PS-300
30A DC Power Supply
9-15 V war table 30 A Max . 12 A continuous
Overload protected mufti pfe terminals
vM.vX r^f^i "*■
>82
El
COMMUNICATIONS
i £ o
AF-606K/AF-406K
All Mode Active Filters
Luxurious selectivity at an affordable prtcel
658 EL Congress Park Dr. Cmterville, Ohio 45459, Phone 1-513-434^5031
E*ciusive U.S. Agents for these DAJWA products. Dealer inquiry Invited.
HIGH PERFORMANCE
PRESELECTOR-PREAMP
The solution to most interference, intermod, and desense
problems in AMATEUR and COMMERCIAL systems
tm _ _ • 40 to 1000 Mhz- tuned to your frequency
• 5 large helical resonators
— — • Low noise - High overload resistance
• 8 rJB gain - ultimate rejection^ 80 dB
• 10 to 15 volts DC operation
• Size - 1.6 x 2.6 x 4.75" exc. connectors
• FANTASTIC REJECTION!
Price - $79.95 bipolar w/RCA jacks
Connector options: BNC $5. UHF S6.
NS10
SUPER HOT! GaAs Fet option $20
Typical rejection
±600Khz@144Mh2 -28dB
±1.6Mh2@2Z0Mhz; -40d9
±5 Mnz@450Mhz ~50dB
AUTOMATIC IDENTIFIERS
in- 1
ID-2
■ For Ira receivers and repeaters AMATEUR ana COMMERCIAL
* Aulamaiic operation aajuslii&te speed and ampiitu«t
* Small st?e - easy installation 7 to 15 volts DC
* a selectable, reprogrammable messages - each up 10 2 mm long
■ Wired lesied and progi ammeO with your message
Model H>! - S39.95 Model ID-2 mfl to 10 minute lines $59.95
We offer a compete line ot transmitter and receiver Strips
and synlh esters lot amateur and commercial usc
flequest our free catalog filtow S3 for UPS sftrftptfiQ - JWasfe/card a*rf VISA meicotr.e
GLB ELECTRONKS
1952 Clinton St. Buffalo. NY 14206
716-824-7936. 9 to 4
f 143
WORK THE U.H.F. BANDS
Add a transverter or convener to your etihimg I Om, 6m or 2m equipments.
Choose from ihe largest selection "t modules available for DX, OSCAR,
EME, ATV-
TRANSVERTERS MMT 50-144 SI 89.95
MMT 144-28 $179.95
MMT 432-28 (S) $269.95
MMT 439- AT V $349.95
MMT 1296-144 $339.95
OTHER MODELS AVAILABLE
write for details
POWER AMPLIFIERS
all modeb include RF VOX & Low Noise RX Pre-Ampl.
(no pre-arnp in MML432-100)
2MrtMt IIJUV iiutpur MML144-J00-1.S
1Q0W output MM [.144-100-5
SOW output M M L 1 44-50-5
30W oufpul MML144 3) LS
SSWuuipul MM]. 144- 25
IW«r3W»t
10W input
10W i»pul
JW of 3W in
SW input
K54.95
1961 is
$109,95
1114'fl
432 M Hz:
100W utrtpui
SOW CH|tTM|1
■10W mjtfHil
M M L432- 1 00 iOW input
MML432 IOW input
MM L+3a-aL L I W « 3 W i n
12S8-1596 MHt Coming «,*, Watch tat drUih
ANTENNAS (incl. 50 ohm balun)
2 Meter J Beams: 12.3 dBd gain
>ver 8 Horizon! pol D8-2M
8 by 8 Vertical poi D8-2M~vert
1250-1300 MHz Loop-Yap 129B-LY
SJ99,95
S199.95
$63.40
176.95
144.95
70/MBM 48
70 cm/MBM 48
70cm/MBM88
$75.75
$105.50
Send 36c stamps for full det?*h
of all our VHF/UHF items
Pre-sclecior filters Pre-amp lifters Antenn; s
Low-pass filters Transveners Crystal Filters
Varactor iriplers Converters
Spectrum International, Inc.
Pom Office Box 1084b
Concord, Mass. 01742 USA ^*36
34 73 Magazine • February, 1984
HI Transceivers Regular SALE
IC 740 9-band 200w PEP Xcvr w/mic $1099.00 94995
plus FREE PS-740 internal power supply &
$50 Factory Rebate - until gone!
PS-740 Internal power supply $159.00 149**
*EX-241 Marker unit ;, 20.00
*EX-242 FM unit , 39.00
*EX-243 Electronic keyer unit 50.00
*FL-45 500 Hz CW filter (1st IF) 59.50
*FL-54 270 Hi CW filter (1st IF) 47.50
*FL-52A 500 Hz CW filter (2nd IF) 96.50 8995
+FL-53A 250 Hz CW filter (2nd IF) 96.50 899&
*Fl-44A SSB filter (2nd IF) 159.00 144^
SM-5 8-pin eiectrel desk microphone 39 00
HNI-10 Scanning mobile microphone 39.50
MB-12 Mobile mount 19.50
* Options a/50 for IC-745 betow,
IC-73Q 8-band 200w PEP Xcvr w/rmc $829.00 599^
FL-30 SSB filter (passband tuning) 59.50
FL-44/A SSB filter (2nd IF) 159.00 144*5
FL-45 500 Hz CW fitter 59.50
EX 195 Marker unit .^. 39 00
EX 202 LDA interface; 730/2KL/AH 1 27.50
EX 203 150 Hz CW audio filter 39.00
EX-205 Transverter switching unit 2900
SM-5 8-pm electret desk mic 39.00
HM-10 Scanning mobile microphone 39.50
MB-5 Mobile mount ,U* 19.50
IC-720A 9-band Xcvr/.l-30 MHz Re vr$ 1349.00 899"
FL 32 500 H?CW filler 59 50
FL-34 5.2 KH2 AM filter,,. 49 50
SM-5 Desk microphone .♦ 39 00
MB-5 Mobile mount , 19.50
IC-745 9-band Xcvr/.l 30 MHz Rcvr $993.00 839^
PS-35 Internal power supply... 16000 14495
CF5-455K5 2.8 KHz wide SSB filter TBA
HM-12 Hand microphone 39.50
SM-6 Desk microphone 39.00
See iC- 740 list above for other options (*)
IC-751 9-band Xcvr/.l 30 MHz Rcwr $1399.00
P5-35 Internal power supply ,..; 160.00
FL-52A 500 Hz CW filter % 50
FL-53A 250 Hz CW filter 96.50
FL-33 AM filter 3150
HM-12. Hand microphone... 39.50
SM-6 Desk microphone 39.00
RC-10 External frequency controller 35.00
CR-G4 High Stability reference xtal 56.00
Options: 720/730/740/745/751 Regular
PS-15 20A power supply $149.00
EX-144 Adaptor for CF-l/PS-15 6.50
CF-1 Cooling fan for PS-15 45.00
PS-20 20A switching ps w/speaker 229.00
CC-1 Adapt, cable: HF radio/PS-20 10.00
1229
144"
89**
89"
SALE
134^
199
■ii.
ICOM
Options - continued
CF-1 Cooling tan for PS-20
EX 310 Voice synthesizer for IC-751 ...
SP-3 External speaker
Speaker /Phone patch - specify radio
8C-10A Memory back-up
EX-2 Relay box with marker..
AT- 100 lOOw 8 -band automatic ant tuner
AT- 500 500w 9-band automatic ant tuner
MT-100 Manual antenna tuner
AH-1 5-band mobtle ant w/tuner
PS- 30 20A systems power supply
GC-4 World clock ,.
HF linear amplifier
IC-2KL 160-15m/WARC solid state linear
VHF/UHF base mu/rf-mocfes
IC-251A* 2m FM/SS8/CW xcvr
$50 Factory Rebate
Regular
45.00
39.95
49.50
139 00
8.50
34,00
349.00
449.00
249.00
289.00
259.95
99.95
Regular
1795.00
SALE
129"
31495
3999-
22495
259"
233"
94"
SALE
1299
$749.00 549"
until gonef
IC 551D 80w 6m Xcvr ,
PS-20 20A swttching ps w/speaker
EX- 106 FM adaptor .
BC-10A Memory back-up
SM-2 Electret desk microphone.,.,..
IC-271H lOOw 2m FM/SSB/CW Xcvr ..
PS-35 Internal power supply...
IC-271A 25w 2m FM/SSB/CW Xcvr....
IC-451A 430-440 SSB/FM/CW Xcvr/ps
IC-451A/high 440 450 Xcvr/ps^^.^-
AG-1 15 db preamp for IC-451A/45A
IC-471A lOw 430 450 SSB/CW/FM Xcvr
PS-25 Internal power supply
EX-310 Voice synthesizer
HM-12 Hand microphone
SM 6 Desk microphone ,..
VHF/UHF mobile mutti-mndes
JC-290H 25w 2m SSB/FM Xcvr, TTP mic
IC 560 lOw 6m SSB/FM/CW Xcvr
IC-490A lOw 430440 SSB/FM/CW xcvr
VHF/UHF /1. 2 GHz FM
IC-22U lOw 2m FM non-digital Xcvr ...
EX- 199 Remote frequency selector
IC-25A 25w, 2m, grn leds, op dn TTP mic
IC-25H as above, but 45 Watts
IC-27A 25w 2m mobile Xcvr
IC-45A lOw 440 FM Xcvr, TTP mic...,.
EX-270 CTCSS encoder
BU I Memory back-up
RP-3010 lOw 440 MHz FM repeater...
$699.00
2290O
125.00
8.50
39.00
TBA
160,00
699 00
899 00
89900
89.00
799.00
99.00
39.95
39.50
39.00
549.00
48900
649.00
299.00
35.00
359.00
389.00
TBA
399.00
39.00
38.50
999.00
599"
199"
112"
14495
62995
769"
769"
79"
719"
89s*
489"
439"
579"
249"
319*5
3499&
3599d
899"
Buy (10) IC-45As at one time at our SALE
PRICE &get an RP-3010at 5G%oft of LIST.
IC 120 lw 1.2 GH? FM Xcvr
RP 1210 lOw 1.2 GHz FM repeater
Cabinet tor RP 1210 or RP 3010
VHF/UHF portables
IC 505 3/10w 6m port. SSB/CW Xcvr
BP-10 Internal mead battery pack
BC-15 ACchaFger
EX-248 FM unit>.
LC-10 Leather case
! + I h - a | .
i + 1 (" "■ ■
IC-402 432 MHz portable SSB xcvr
SP-4 Remote speaker for portables
IC-3PS Power supply tor portables
IC-20L 2m3/10wPEPorFMamp
$499.00 449"
TBA
249.00
Regular SALE
$449.00 399"
7950
12,50
49.50
■34.95
389.00 299"
24 95
95.00 S99S
98.00 89"
Hand-held transceiver*:
Deluxe models Regular SALE
IC-02A lor 2 meters $ 319 00 289"
IC-02AT w/OTMF 349.00 314"
IC-04A tor 440 MHz TBA
IC-04AT w/DTMF...- TBA
Standard models Regular SALE
IC-2A For 2 meters... 239.50 214"
IC-2AT with TTP, 269.50 219"
IC-3A tor 220 MHz... 269.95 234"
IC-3AT with TTP 299 95 239"
IC-4A for 440 MHz... 269.95 234"
IC 4AT with TTP 299.95 239"
Accessories for hand-hefds Regular
BC-25U Extra wall charger £ 1000
BC-30 Drop-in rapid charger , ,, 69.00
BP-2* 425ma 7.2v lw long life battery 39 50
BP-3 Extra 250ma 8.4 w 1 5w battery 29.50
BP-4 Alkaline battery case...., ,, ,..,., 12.50
BP-5^ 425ma 10.8v 2.3w high power batt 49.50
*BC-30 required to charge BP-2/5
CA-2 Telescoping 2m antenna.. 10.00
CA-5 5/8-wave telescoping 2m ant 18.95
CP-1 Ci£ lighter charger (for BP-3) , 9.50
DC-1 DC operation module .>,..... 17.50
FA-2 Extra 2m flexible antenna fc ,,,*.-., 10.00
KM-9 Speaker/microphone. ..>.„. 34.50
LC-2A Leather case withoot TTP cut-out 34.95
LC-2AT Leather case w/TTP cut out 34.95
ML-1 2m 2.3w/i0t¥ amplifier (use BP-5) SALE 79.95
ML-25 2m 20w amplifier SALE 179.95
3A-TTN 16 button TTP front; 2A/3A/4A 39.50
CommSpec SS-32M 32-tone encoder ..29.95
CA-3 Extra 220 flexible antenna, 9.12
CA-4 Extra 440 flexible antenna 9.12
M-12 12 ch marine hand-held SPECIAL 269,95
Shortwave receiver Regular SALE
R-70 100 KHz-30 MHz digital receiver $749.00 599"
EX-257 FM unit 38.00
IC-7072 Transceive interface. 720A 112.50
FL 44/A SSB filter (2nd IF). 159.00 144"
FL-6J 250 Hz CW hlter (1st IF} 48.50
SP-3 External speaker ,. 49.50
EK-299 (CK-70) 12v DC option 9 95
MB-12 Mobile mount 19,50
Use your Credit Card!
HOURS: Mori, thru Fn. 9-5:30; Sat. 9-3
Milwaukee WATSiine 1-800-558-0411 answered
evenings unttl 8:00 pm, Monday thru Thursday.
Please use WATS line for Placing Orders.
For other information, etc, please use Regular line.
Order Toll Free: 1-800-558-0411
I
In Wisconsin (outside Milwaukee Metro Area)
1 -800-242-51 95
ITJin
4828 W. Fond du Lac Avenue; Milwaukee, Wl 53216 - Phone (414) 442-4200
Inc.
AES BRANCH STORES
WIGKUFFE* Ohio 44092
28940 Euclid Avenue
Phone (216) 585-7388
Ohio WATS 1-800-362-0290
^lde 1 800-321-3594
Ml DO, Fla. 32803 CLEARWATER, Fla. 33575
)q mm on wealth Ave. 1898 Drew Street
ie (305) 894-3238 Phone (813) 461-4267
ATS 1-800-432-9424 Ho In-State WATS
1-800-327-1917 No Nationwide WATS
ORLANDO, Fla. 32803
621 Commonwealth Ave.
Phone (305) 894-3238
Fla. WATS 1-800-432-9424
Se 1-800-327-191:
LAS VEGAS, Nev. 89106
1072 N. Rancho Drive
Phone (702) 647-3114
No Instate WATS
EST 1-800-634-6227
Associate Store
CHICAGO .Illinois 60630
ERICKSON COMMUNICATIONS
5456 II. Milwaukee Avenue
Phone (312) 631-5181
^1-800-621-5802
73 Magazine * February; 1984 35
Strictly for FM Deviates
Ever wonder how the modulation is on your FM rig?
Try this simple deviation meter and find out
Rudolf I 5ix KA8QBL
30725 Tennessee
Rosevitie Mi 48066
Unlike AM-SSB, FM
modulation monitoring
on most rigs simply is not
available. It's unusual to see
audio-modulated transmit-
ters without some indicator
to monitor modulation. The
opposite is true of FM trans-
ceivers The only indication
that your talk power is too
high is distortion at the re-
ceiving end.
The FM deviation meter I
built can be used for moni-
toring modulation, frequen-
cy offset between transmit-
ters, etc. Its most attractive
features pay off when, in
conjunction with an audio-
frequency generator, the
transmitter is bench-checked
for equal deviation on
both sides of the carrier,
maximum deviation, and
audio distortion
Amateur FM uses narrow
band FM, ±5 kHz maxi-
mum deviation from the
carrier The instrument can
measure ±10 kHz deviation
at 146.52 MHz, the common
direct 2-meter frequency An
audio output with 750-fiSec
de-emphasis is available for
scope monitoring. Most parts
FM DEVIATION METER
046.52 MHZ.)
NUU
AUDfO
OUT
ON
DFV X 100 HZ
Photo A Two-meter FM deviation meter.
36 73 Magazine • February, 1984
available from Radio
Shack, coils and variable
cap were purchased from
Radio Kit, and the crystal
from Sentry Manufacturing
The heart of the deviation
meter is a 565 PLL FM de-
modulator listed as having a
high linearity of demodulat-
ed output (0.2%). Calibra-
tion proved this out( better
than 1% at the meter. The
circuit uses the heterodyne
method. A crystal-controlled
local oscillator beats with
the incoming signal and the
resulting lower frequency
FM is demodulated by the
phase-locked loop. After fil-
tering, a peak detector dis-
plays the maximum positive
or negative frequency excur-
sion of the incoming signal
How It Works
The internal frequency
generator starts with FET lo-
cal oscillator Q2 at 14.655
MHz. The ouput tank circuit
is tuned to the 5th harmonic;
it drives doubler circuit Q1
The output is thus 146.55
MHz. The incoming signal
with a carrier of 146.52 MH/
and the local oscillator are
lightly coupled into the mix-
ing diode, D1, resulting in a
beat frequency of 30 kHz
This signal has the modula-
tion of the incoming signal.
To minimize capacitive
loading of the diode, the sig-
nal first goes through high-
frequency choke L5 and
then low-pass filter L6-C24.
Amplifier Q3 boosts the sig-
nal approximately 10 times.
The 565 PLL has a voltage-
control led oscillator center-
tuned to 30 kHz with
C16-R13R14 Basically, the
incoming signal is compared
with this oscillator and a dc
voltage is generated which
is directly proportional to
the frequency of the input
signal, As the input frequen-
cy shifts, it is this output sig-
nal which causes the vco to
shift its frequency to match
that of the input. The peak
voltage occurs at peak fre-
quency deviation.
This demodulated audio
signal is available at pin 7 of
IC1 and is connected to the
low-pass filter and to the au-
dio output jack through de-
emphasis network R15-C21,
Low-pass filter IC2a filters
some 30 kHz noise generat-
ed within the PLL The peak-
detecting circuit (C2b,
charges C23 to either the
positive or negative peak,
selectable with switch SI'.
M1 essentially shows the
peak voltage across C23.
The null mode of S1 is used
for adjusting the difference
between the unmodulated
carrier and local oscillator
to 30 kHz. The output volt-
age from the PLL at pin 7 is a
dc voltage since there is no
modulation. Amplifiers IC2a
and IC2b works as straight-
forward dc amplifiers and
M1 is calibrated at 30 kHz
for zero reading with R16, an
offset potentiometer. Dur-
ing use, zero adjust is made
by changing the local oscil-
lator frequency with C9, the
null control.
Construction
A 7"X5"X3" aluminum
box is used for the enclosure,
The oscillator is mounted on
a separate board and is
shielded from the rest of the
circuitry Feedthrough ca-
pacitors for power to the os-
cillator and the PLL input
signal are used to prevent rt
leakage. The shielding ex-
tends wall to wall of the en-
closure; slits were filed in
the box lip to let the shields
slide through. Both oscilla-
tor coils were close-wound
with #22 enamel wire. The
top of the coil connects to
2t in ff&^a/u
UMF
QMtGtNAL PtM
MOtHfte&
Fig, ! Cable connectors.
the collector and the bot-
tom end to the power supply.
Tuned-circuit caps should
be temperature-stable NPO
discs or silver micas and are
mounted at the coil with the
shortest leads possible. The
rest of the parts are mounted
thorough the perf board, bent
over and soldered. The com-
plete oscillator mounts on a
1,5" x 175" surface with
W "-long spacers.
The mixing diode. D1, is
mounted right behind the
BNC connector C1 reaches
from the oscillator board,
and L5 leads the signal to
the PLL circuitry. D1 works
best with a minimum of
parallel capacitance. The
PLL and meter circuitry to-
gether with the power supply
also are mounted on perf-
board. The parts are sol-
dered to flea clips and are
wired at the rear with a Vec-
tor wire pencil. All variable
pots face the back for easy
adjustment when the instru-
ment is out of the enclosure.
The meter is shielded from
all the circuitry since rf
could enter through its face,
The calculated value of
the resistors used in the low-
pass filter are shown on the
schematic. The nearest stan-
dard value is listed in the
parts list. I used a borrowed
LCR bridge to select C19-
C22-R18-R19-R20 to within
1 % of the calculated value.
If this is not possible, use
standard values and check
the low-pass filter for flat re-
sponse with an audio gener-
ator With 1% parts, the
response curve is flat to 2
kHz, drops to approximately
<M2V
4
cze
♦ fcv
[R24
IC3 <► -w> • • l
--y
m
/ft
/ft
m
<C4
T }
12V R25
+*+r i y
C1Z
fh
m
C33
02
;
5i
03
R22 R23
fh
C23
Fig, 2, Schematic,
73 Magazine • February, 1984 37
Photo B. Bottom view. Signal enters through CI 4 feed-
through. PLL circuitry and power supply are mounted on one
board.
94% at 3 kHzr and 70% at 5
kHz, For accurate measure-
ments of deviation, an audio
tone of less than 2 kHz
should be used, I used a
1,8-kHz "Sonalert" piezo
buzzer right into the micro-
phone. These units output a
clean sine-wave tone, easy
for a quick test
The power-supply trans-
former is mounted in the
back of the box, oscillator
section, and is connected
with a 3-pin mole^ connec-
tor The center tap is
grounded to the box at the
transformer The connecting
cable is constructed from
26" of RC-58/U cable. As
shown in Fig, 1, a UHF con-
nector is soldered to one
end. This will connect to the
T installed at the dummy
load. The instrument end
has a BNC with the center
pin cut short, it does not
connect to the mixing diode
directly but is capacitively
coupled. Mounting different
connectors prevents incor-
rect installation. The cable
should be Vi wavelength
since, as a stub, it affects the
swr. Never connect a regular
feedth rough cable as it will
blow the diode.
Special attention was
paid to shielding. The instru-
ment can be used with a
small antenna and held
within a few feet of the
transmitter The rf noise
pickup, however, is a prob-
lem and can cause unpre*-
38 73 Magazine • February, 1964
dictable meter readings, The
best way is to use a tapped
dummy load with coax con-
nections and good shielding
practices.
The microammeter is a
100-0-100 movement lib-
erated from a local surplus
store for $3 50 It is an accu-
rate movement and original-
ly came from a General Ra-
dio instrument An off-cen-
ter scale movement can be
used but extra contacts will
be needed on S1 to reverse
the meter.
The parts are readily
available, D1 is a UHF mixer
diode purchased from a local
Radio-TV supply firm, The
negative voltage regulator
and ICKum pots are avail-
able from mail-order elec-
tronic parts suppliers. Coils,
chokes, and caps are avail-
able from Radio Kit; Box
411 S, Greenville NH 03048.
They have a small catalog
listing radio parts which are
almost impossible to obtain
elsewhere. Radio Shack fills
out the remainder of the
parts list
Calibration and Use
The PLL was calibrated
with an audio generator
monitored by a frequency
counter A 30-kHz audio
tone of approximately 40-mV
p-p output is fed into ampli-
fier Q3 at R26. L6-C24 is dis-
connected. Pin 7, IC1 is
monitored with a dc volt-
meter and R14 is adjusted to
a point where there is no
change in voltage between
the audio tone connected
and disconnected This es-
tablishes the internal vco of
the PLL at 30 kHz Switch SI
is turned to center position,
or null, and R21 is adjusted
at approximately the mid-
point of its resistance range,
M1 is now adjusted for zero,
or null with R16.
Parts List
B1
24-V poweron indicator
Fair Radio — Holder
6210-617-0934 and lamp
(#327)
.78
C1
3.3-pF disc
Radio Kit
.20
C2
5 pF (May
Radio Kit
.50
C3
50 pF be
Jameco
.35
C5
15 pF disc.
Jameco
.35
C6
33 pF NPO,
Jameco
.36
C7
25 pF or
Jameco
.35
C8
100 pF silver mica)
Jameco
.35
C9
1.8-8.7-pF air variable, null control
(Hammartund MAC-10 or equiv.)
Fair Radio 228-6085
125
C10
5-pF disc, NPO, or silver mica (see text)
Radio Kit
.50
C4, C11.C12
500-pF disc
Jameco (3 # .08)
,24
C13, C14
100-pF feedthrough capacitor
(2 @ 25)
.50
C16
.0022 ,iF
Jameco mylar™ «
.12
C17
1000 pF
Jameco mylar
.12
C18
.OlfiF
Jameco mylar
.12
C19
,01 jif (see text)
Jameco mylar
.12
C20
1-fiF, 16-V-dc tantalum or electrolytic
Jameco
.15
C22
.0022 plF (see text)
Jameco
.12
C23
10*f*F non-polarized electrolytic
Radio Shack
.99
C24
.003 itF
Digi-Key Ml 332
.14
Cl5fC25tC36
.02 ^F
Jameco mylar (3 ® ,13}
.39
C26
.1-jjF disc, mounted at meter terminals
Jameco disc
.12
C27, C29
220^F, 25-V*dc electrolytic
Jameco (2 @ .39)
.78
C21, C28T C30, C31 .05-^F disc
Jameco (4 @ ,09)
.36
C32, C34, C35
4.7-fjR 16-V-dc tantalum or electrolytic
Jameco (3 @ .15)
.45
D1
1N84 diode (EGG 112)
1.00
D2, D3
1N914 or equiv.
Jameco (2 @ .07)
.14
EM
1-A> 50-piv bridge rectifier
Radio Shack
.89
06,06
6-V zener diodes 1 N4735
Jameco (2 @ .25)
.50
L1
4 V? turns, #22 enamel wire close-wound
on J.W, Miller 20A0004 core
Radio Kit
3.30
L2
7 turns, #22 enamel wire close-wound
on J.W. Miller 20A00O4 core
Radio Kit
3.30
L3
100^H rf choke (J.W. Miller 74F104A1)
Radio Kit
1.45
L4,L5
1.72-pH rf choke (J.W. Miller RFC-144)
Radio Kit (2 @ 1,75)
3.50
LB
2-mH rf choke (J.W. Miller 4666)
Radio Kit
2.40
Vary the audio generator
above and below 30 kHz
and note the meter move-
ment. An increase in fre-
quency should show an in-
crease in meter movement
a frequency decrease, a de-
crease in meter movement
If it is the reverse, inter-
change D2-D3 wires to 51.
Set the audio generator at
35 kHz and adjust the meter
reading to 5 kHz with R21.
Turning Si to + deviation
should not have any effect
on the meter reading Con-
versely, adjust for 25 kHz
and note a negative meter
reading of 5 kHz in null, or
— f deviation. Slowly de-
crease the frequency to 20
kHz. The meter should come
close to 10-kHz deviation
and then suddenly return to
zero. The PLL has lost con-
trol at that point.
Set the audio generator 1
kHz below the point the PLL
loses control and now slow-
ly decrease the input volt-
age. Again at some input
level the PLL will lose con-
trol. Carefully note this volt-
age; it is the minimum volt-
age required to give full-
scale indication. It could
be as low as 5-mV p-p. For
reliable operation, the volt-
age from the mixing diode,
D1, should be at least four
times this minimum level. I
checked the meter in 1-kHz
steps and found the calibra-
tion better than 1%.
Reconnect the L6-C24
filter to R26 when the cali-
bration is completed. The
local oscillator is tuned up
by first turning the tuning
slugs all the way in. R26 is
monitored with a dc volt-
Photo C. Right side— the internal frequency generator. C!, Dl,
and L5 are shown connected to the BNC connector. L4 at the
left top supplies power through feedthrough CI 3. The molex
connector at the bottom connects to the transformer.
meter, and L2, L1 is tuned
for a peak reading of ap-
Q1
MPS 918
Radio Shack
Q2
MPF 102
Digi-Key
03
2N3904 or equiv.
Digi-Key (2 « 20)
IC1
LM565 PLL
Jameco
IC2
1458 dual 741
Jameco
IC3
LM340T1 2
Jameco
IC4
LM7912CT
Jameco
R1
470-Ofim, V4-Watt resistor, 10%
Jameco
R2t R10
1k
Jameco (2 @ ,06)
R3. R17
10k
Jameco (2 @ .06)
R4
150k
Jameco
R5, R6
100
Jameco (2 ® .06)
R7
33k
Jameco
m
8.2k
Jameco
R9
6.8k
Jameco
R11, R12, R13
47k
Jameco (3 (d .06)
R15
15k
Jameco
R22
47k
Jameco
R23
100
Jameco
R24, R25
390
Jameco (2 @ .06)
R14
5k 10-turn pot, PLL frequency adjust
Jameco 43P
R16
5k 10-turn pot, meter null adjust
Jameco 43P
R21
20k 10-tum pot, meter calibrate adjust
Jameco 43P
R18
10k (see text)
Jameco
R19
8.2k (see text)
Jameco
R20
4,7k (see text)
Jameco
T1
24-30-V-ac c-t transformer
Radio Shack
Xtal
14655,00-kHz crystal (parallel
Sentry Mfg.,
resonance, 32 pF)
CMckasfta OK 73016,
Ref. 269590
89
.40
1.19
.59
79
.89
«06
.12
.12
.06
,12
.06
.06
.06
.18
.06
,06
.06
.12
1.19
1.19
1.19
.06
.06
3.99
Ref. 269590
8.00
Chassis
BUD AC-429
6.10
SI
SP-3T miniature rotary switch Radio Shack #275-1386
1.19
S2
DPDT miniature toggle switch Radio Shack #275-626
1,99
J1
BNC connector, chassis mount, female Radio Shack #278-105
1.59
J2
W miniature phone Jack Radio Shack #274*251
.45
M1
100-0-100^A dc meter* Radio Shack 0-50-jjA
meter
8,95
"Fair Radio lists several 0-50-jiA or (MOO-pA movements. Meter-reversing switch arrangement is
needed. Switch S1
, Radio Shack 275-1386, can be used.
proximately Vi volts dc.
Make sure the output is the
10th harmonic or 146.55
MHz, with a wavemeler or
such, and not the 11th or 9th
harmonic.
The transceiver is now
connected to the dummy
load with a T connector At-
tach the special cable and
tune the transceiver to
146 52 MHz direct Set C9,
the null control, at half
capacitance. Attach a scope
to resistor R26. The scope,
during transmit should dis-
play a sine wave of approx-
imately 40-mV p-p ampli-
tude and a frequency above
30 kHz. A value of 5 pF for
C10, installed across C9,
should bring the frequency
to about 30 kHz. The idea is
to have C9 in the middle of
its operating range.
At this point, we are ready
to try measuring deviation. I
tested a 10-Watt unit and a
2-Watt hand-held in high
and low power. With the
deviation meter switched to
null, push to transmit and
zero the meter with the null
control. Turn to + deviation
and hum loudly into the
microphone. The meter will
show maximum positive
deviation, Turn to — and re-
peat for negative deviation.
The reading should be the
same, and at 5 kHz ■
73 Magazine * February, 1984 39
Art t, ffouiholder
VbCom Products Corporation
65 East Paiattrte Road
Pfospetf Heights 1L 6*1070
Build a Better Hamfest
These hints from 25 years of experience
will help make your event a success.
After over a quarter of a
century of hamfest at-
tendance as a spectator, re-
tail exhibitor, manufactur-
er, and hamfest committee
member, I have been asked
numerous times to put
down a tew thoughts as to
what I and other exhibitors
liked and disliked I will
comment mostly from the
point of view of exhibitors,
as they probably have the
least input to a hamfest
committee.
Every committee wants
to do the very best job, and
most [tut in lots of effort
and time with the very best
of intentions I can remem-
ber several hamfests that
really bent over backwards
to give the exhibitors maxi-
mum exposure to the pub-
lic. We could set up all day
Friday, open the exhibits
Friday night, bOO to 10:00
pm, open Saturday, 8:00 am
to 6:00 pm. have a Saturday
night party, and be open on
Sunday from 9 00 am to
5:00 pm.
The committees in these
instances really did mean
well and had good inten-
tions, but if an exhibitor has
to fly in or drive many hours
Friday to set up, the last
thing he needs is to open
the exhibit area Friday
night lie is ready to col-
lapse for awhile and get
ready for Saturday and/or
40 73 Magazine • February, 1984
Sunday After all, he prob-
ably worked the last 5 days
also. Saturday 900 am to
3:00 or maybe 4:00 pm is
enough for one day of stand-
ing around trying to be alert
and cheerful!
Several hamtests have a
Saturday night cocktail par
ty with a free bar for the
first hour for the exhibitors
only, then open it up for the
rest of the attendees with a
cash bar This has worked
quite well in most cases and
is certainly a good way to
show appreciation to the
exhibitors. And best of all,
key members of the com-
mittee can be there to get
information as to what the
exhibitors like and dislike
about the hamfest and get
suggestions of how to make
next year's better,
Now here is something
which could be very impor-
tant A few small exhibitors
may have only one person in
the booth and it is very diffi-
cult for them to take coffee
or rest breaks. Some ham-
fests have local Boy or Girl
Scouts or CAP, squadron
members to help out. Such
local community groups of-
ten are looking tor things to
do and would be happy to
help man a boot h and watc h
things for a few minutes — or
go and get coffee, do nuts, or
a sandwich.
Some committees ar-
range to have coffee and do
nuts for the exhibitors and
bring them to the booth or
have it available in a central
location; some even have a
room where exhibitors can
sit down and relax for a few
minutes.
t certainly do not mean to
imply thai all or any com-
mittees should do all of the
things mentioned here They
are things that l have ob-
served over the years and
are meant only as food for
thought And some of these
ideas are more important
than others. For example: 1 1
would be a very useful and
desirable thing it all hamfest
organizers provided some
means for exhibitors to be
reached in an emergency sit
uation A telephone situated
in the display area or, at the
very least, near the PA sys-
tem would be one possibili-
ty. Another possibility
would be a telephone locat-
ed near the person who is
running the radio talk-in op-
eration. Perhaps both loca-
tions could be covered. In
any case, there have been
emergencies at almost all
hamfests where exhibitors
had to be reached quickly
Some thought should be giv-
en to this problem
Hamfest Dates
There are times when it is
difficult or impossible to co-
ordinate your event with
others on the same date.
You could be locked into a
date by the facilities that
you use. Last year there
were several hamfests that
had the same dates as others
that we wanted to attend as
exhibitors. I am sure that sit-
uations like this will contin-
ue as it is very difficult to ar-
range no-conflict dates. It
helps, however, if you get
your date out and an-
nounced ASAP Keep plug-
ging this date in publica-
tions and on the air if it is a
large at I air that you want
the big manufacturers and
dealers to attend Make sure
that they know the date of
the next one ASAP after the
last one Some commit-
ments (sue h as ARRL nation-
al com ent ions) are made
more than a year in advance
by exhibitors,
Security is a major con-
cern with many exhibitors,
and rightly so since some
have many tens of thou-
sands of dollars worth of
equipment on display. Dur-
ing setup times, ) have ob-
served many people walking
around convention areas
without benefit of any ID
I committee, exhibitor, or
general public), I think this is
a real no-not for two rea-
sons First, when you are try-
ing to set up your area, the
last thing you need is a dis-
traction, especially by curi-
ous committee members or
other exhibitors who prob-
ably are not customers.
They may mean well, but as
I said before, an exhibitor
may have left before the
chickens got up that morn-
ing and perhaps drove or
flew many hours before at-
riving for a weekend ham-
rest He may also Nave
worked the week before and
maybe the last several
weekends in the hamfest
season
Second, it seems that over
the last few years the need
for more and better security
has increased drastically.
I'm not sure why; maybe its
just the economy, or maybe,
with our lack of ability to en-
force our laws and prose-
cute shoplifters, more peo-
ple are willing to take a
t hance. Anyway, could it be
lime to need a bill of sale on
your person for your new-
looking HT as you walk in
and out of the exhibit area'
I ime for a bill of sale for any
package, box, or equipment
that you carry in and out of
the exhibit area? I certainly
hope not, but the Consumer
Electronics Show and others
have had to take this ap-
proach, with guards on the
doors doing briefcase in-
s| jections, etc.
Last year I went to nu-
merous hamfests that had
equipment stolen right off
displays during show hours.
At the Cedar Rapids na-
tional ARRL convention
last summer, a sharp-eyed
and concerned attendee wit-
nessed an HT slide off a
display and into the wrong
person's possession He re
ported it to the exhibitor
who immediately gave chase
and ran the person right
into the arms of a police-
man, I don't know if there
was a prosecution or not,
but the name and call of the
individual were known by a
lot of exhibitors in very short
order
In your flyers or exhibitor
packages, a map of your lo-
cation with respect to the lo-
cal airport, expressways,
and major landmarks is cer-
tainly nice— along with ap-
proximate times and mile-
ages from them. A list of lo-
cal motels, hotels, and nice
restaurants along with any
800 numbers and local num-
bers, rates, and specialty
menus would make "it easier
for a stranger to make a
choice to meet his needs or
desires. Quite often, you can
arrange a block of rooms,
especially in a dead season,
and you can really get a
price break
SAROC used to hold its
convention the first week af-
ter New Year's Eve — the
slowest weekend in Las Ve-
gas—and got super room
and exhibit-area rates (Now
CES has taken this time slot
for the very same reasons )
So don't overlook the expen-
sive convention areas it you
can use them in their slow
times; a little income for
them is better than zero. But
be careful of union-contract
areas The exhibit area may
be inexpensive, but the elec-
tricians and dray people
may turn out to be very ex-
pensive.
An absolute must for
good rapport with the com-
mercial exhibitors is a thank-
you-for-commg letter sent
no later than U) days after
the hamfest 1 1 also gives
you the excellent opportuni-
ty to include a question-
naire: How did you like the
hamfest? What could stand
improvement? What ser-
vices or functions would
you like to see added or
dropped? Was there any-
thing exceptionally good or
bad? Did you like the loca-
tion and facilities? The list
can go on and on.
If you use a form letter
i hat lequir&s onfy a < h**c k
mark 1$*) for yes or no and
includes space for com-
ments, you will get a better
response. If you ask only for
written comments, don't ex-
pect very many to answer
you, Make it easy tor the
busy exhibitor to respond
It is certainly appreciated
when at least one person
from the committee takes
time and comes around
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once or twice, minimum, to
each booth and asks it there
is anything needed or want-
ed to make it a better show
Such vis ft s should not inter-
rupt a sale or a serious coi>
\rr nation. Committee mem-
bers should wear some kind
of ID to let exhibitors know
who they are And they
should try to talk with the
boss, if possible; all such
^ood efforts might be for
naught if only the hired help
is seen when the boss might
have something he feels is
important to chat about.
Make sure, in al( corre-
spondence to exhibitors,
that there is a phone num-
her. name, and address of a
responsible person who can
make commitments for the
event or at least wfill follow
up with a prompt response*
It you have a large event,
supply a committee list of
chairpersons complete with
phone numbers and ad-
dresses and their respon-
sibilities
Booth fees at some
73
events are negotiable, and
at some they are not Almost
all hamfests need door
prizes that have to come
from someplace, and trad-
ing for them with booth
space is probably one of the
best ways to stretch a ham-
fest budget. I think that
most dealers or manufactur-
ers would rather trade mer-
chandise than pay cash tor a
booth. There are bookkeep-
ing problems on both sides
sometimes in doing this, so
play this one by ear to satis-
fy both sides
In conclusion, I'd like to
add that hamfests are fun
for all concerned, and a lit-
tle more attention to some
of the details can turn a me-
diocre hamfest into a spec-
tacular show satisfying
to exhibitors, committee
members, and hams alike. I
hope that some of these
ideas and comments will
help your hamfest become
the most successful and
talked-about one this year
and for years to come ■
Magazine ■ February, 1984 41
Caveman Radio
With underground inductive transmission, 300 feet is almost DX
Frank S Retd W9MKV
PO Box S2B1
Bioomtngton IN 47402
Magnetic-induction
equipment which
transmits signals through
the ground is a valuable aid
to cave-mapping and under-
1 20-foot-deep wells near Park City, Kentucky, penetrated cave within two feet of radio
targets. Drill drift caused error. Pipes contain hydrological instrumentation. (Photo by
Samuel S, Frushour)
42 73 Magazine * February, 1984
ground rescue. Even more
useful than its communica-
tion ability is its ability to ac-
curately find a spot on the
surface above an under-
ground transmitter. It can
also determine depth within
a few percent uSing fteld-
geometry measurements.
It's legal I Magnetic induc-
tion is not real radio — it's
simply very-loosely-coupled
transformer action. The FCC
does not define equipment
operating below 10 kHz as
"radio frequency devices/'
How It Works
Inductive communication
is a very old technique (see
"Who Really Invented
Radio?— The Twisted Tale
of Nathan B. Stubblefield,"
73, December, 1980) When
amateur radio was banned
during World War llp many
hams communicated by
"ground wave;" i.e., magnet-
ic induction and earthhcur-
rent ("Earth-current'' is
transmission of audio-fre-
quency signals through the
ground between pairs of
widely-spaced ground rods
connected to amplifiers.)
Ranges greater than one
mile were claimed
Skin effect, which causes
rf currents to travel only on
the surfaces of conductors,
normally prevents radio
waves from penetrating
ground or water more than a
few feet The depth of the
"skin" increases as frequen-
cy is lowered; thus, subma-
rines can receive transmis-
sions from very powerful
VLF stations. Experimenters
have reported successful
ca ve-to^su rf ace com m u n i-
catrons on 160 meters.
Others report positive but
unpredictable results on
higher frequencies.
Audio-frequency magnet-
ic fields penetrate most geo-
logic structures easily. There
are methods for locating ore
bodies, using magnetic-in-
duction equipment as a sort
of giant metal-detector (see
QST, June, 1928).
Inductive communica-
tion is inherently short-range
because magnetic dipole
field strength decreases as
the cube of the distance
from the source, unlike ra-
dio waves which obey an in
verse-square law. Conduc-
tive overburden will absorb
the signal but the inverse-
cube attenuation is so pre-
dominant that absorption is
rarely noticeable. Gener-
ating true radio (electromag*
400 TURNS
• 29 W1R€
91—
365 pF
-%f—
netic) waves at audio fre-
quencies would require
enormous antennas.
E. R. Roeschlein suggest-
ed using the directional
properties of magnetic
fields to map caves in an ar-
ticle in Electronics, Septem-
ber 23, 1960- Cavers, notably
William Mixon and Richard
Blenz, refined the equip-
ment and developed depth-
measuring techniques which
are independent of signal
strength (several articles ap-
pear in Speleo Digest, 1 964).
Equipment
It's easy to get 30Ofoot
range with very simple
equipment Longer ranges
are more challenging.
A transmitter is just an au-
dio oscillator driving an am-
plifier which is driving a coil.
Impedance matching is im-
portant for maximum coil
current. Perhaps the most
important part of the trans-
mitter is the keyer— a circuit
to make it go "beep
beep beep." In addition
to the advantage of saving
battery power, a pulsed sig-
nal is much easier for the re-
ceiver operator to distin-
guish against a background
of interference than is a
steady tone.
A simple resonant coil
connected to an audio am-
SELECT TO RESONATE:
k£t
fff
1
_=_ 9V
<T£>
CHV5T4L
EARPHONES
— *V
J
<! ioo*
Fig. T. One-chip transceiver uses Q-multiplier effect for high
sensitivity and selectivity. Antenna needs no electrostatic
shield. U1 is any 741 -type op amp.
WB9TLH operates underground transmitter on 3500-Hz CWf
using microswitch for telegraph key.
plifier will work for a receiv-
er Use crystal earphones,
because magnetic phones
will cause feedback.
The circuit of Fig. 1 is a
Q-multiplier. The resonant
circuit is in negative feed-
back instead of being simply
connected to the amplifier's
input. The Q (regeneration)
control taps some of the
output and feeds it back to
the noninverting ( + ) input.
The amplifier forms a nega-
tive resistance which cancels
the resistance of the coil. As
the Q control is advanced,
sensitivity and selectivity
get higher and higher until
the circuit goes into oscilla-
tion (infinite Q). Since it will
oscillate, the circuit can also
be used as a very-low- pow-
ered transmitter.
A 60-Hz notch filter will
not get rid of power-line in-
BALANCED
MItfER
Q-WJUIPUE*
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
E26 KHr
TUNING-FORK
FILTER
r »
i
■I
45O0*4|
IMtATA fc-FII -R
11000 He)
CMOS DiVi&CRS
Fig. 2. Receiver with frequency conversion allows very high
gain without feedback problems.
73 Magazine * February, 1984 43
* |2V
d
2 40 TURNS
It" OlA
3 TURNS #14 1
osc
«26 *Hf
(WI0ER5
SI
h
HV
Mica
i tuffhi
20
JJS — / *
ouiput imdkato*
I5v
VA*tij£L «E*
Fig. 3 A cave-radio transmitter. Precise frequency control is necessary if receiver uses very-
narrow-band width tillers.
terference, which is not just
60 Hz but many harmonics.
Don't use active filters indis-
criminately Very strong in
terference can intermodu-
late with the desired signal
in an active filter, creating
even worse interference.
Even with crystal ear-
phones, receiver gain can
not be increased indefinite-
ly. After a certain point, no
amount of shielding and de-
coupling will prevent feed-
back You can keep the an-
tenna far from the amplifier,
but then it's not portable. A
balanced mixer and local os-
cillator can convert the in-
put frequency to some other
frequency, which can then
be filtered and greatly am-
plified without feedback
problems Fig, 2 is a block
diagram of one such receiver.
Interference
Power lines are the major
source of interference, even
in isolated areas. Harmonics
of 60 Hz extend well into the
ultrasonic frequencies. Pow*
Surface location and depth of transmitter are found by null-
seeking with directional antenna and by measuring shape of
magnetic field.
er-line interference is usual*
ly directional and can be
partially nulled out by the
receiving antenna. To mini-
mize interference, choose
an operating frequency in
between a pair of power-line
harmonics and use a receiv-
ing filter narrow enough to
reject the adjacent signals.
Resonant-reed or tuning-
fork filters of the type used
in radio pagers can provide
the necessary selectivity.
Such extremely narrow
band widths require precise
frequency control and very
slow CW speeds.
Atmospheric noise from
distant thunderstorms can
be a problem in summer.
Daytime atmospheric noise
is minimal around 33 kHz
(National Speleological So-
ciety Bulletin, voL 32, no, 1,
January, 1970), The noise
level increases appreciably
after dark, Atmospheric
noise is polarized such that
it nulls when the receive coil
is horizontal.
What's the best frequen-
cy to use? Mid-range audio
frequencies work well, and
the equipment is easy to
<s.
build. I use 3500 Hz. 3276.8
Hz would be a good fre-
quency because it is easy to
generate from a 32.768-kHz
wristwatch crystal. 3276.8
Hz falls in between harmon-
ics of both 50- and 60-Hz
power lines, and so could be
used in any country, At
higher frequencies, ground
absorption increases and
audio amplifiers become
less efficient Some experi-
menters have tried SSB on
ultrasonic frequencies, but
have found no advantages
to justify the complexity of
the equipment. Below 2
kHz, atmospheric noise and
power-line harmonics are
very strong. Subaudible fre-
quencies below 60 Hz have
been used, with very com-
plex receiving equipment.
The OMEGA navigation
system transmits very strong
signals on several frequen-
cies between 10 and 14 kHz.
OMEGA stations make
good beacons for testing re-
ceivers. Each station trans-
mits for one second in a se-
quence that repeats every
ten seconds,
Antennas
For best performance,
maximize the magnetic mo-
ment of the coils. Magnetic
moment is Ampere-turns
multiplied by the coil's area,
Doubling the range of an
inductive system requires an
eightfold increase in mag-
netic moment, other factors
being constant. Self-reso-
nance limits the number of
turns a coil may have. An
eightfold increase in current
implies either much larger
wire or a 64-fold power in-
crease. It's easy to see that
*CY
AF
OSC
12 V IOO WATT
400 Hi
VAfikAC
wn
....
RA04O
RECEIVER
P*C-
Fig. 4. Surface-to-cave transmitter uses large antenna and high
power, so that underground equipment can be small Surplus
400-Hz transformers are very cheap or free because there is
little demand for them, [Caution — possible shock hazard be-
tween chassis and earth grounds if amplifier has no internal
output transformer.)
44 73 Magazine * February, 1984
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** Sfffl List ot Advertisers on page 98
73 Magazine • February, 1984 AS
NULL
P£A*
f
\
.A
i
)
/
PEAK
Z
\.__
ic\
&• *G" IBO* 2*D" S*0*
AfcGl t BETWEEN CCML *«0 FIELD
fig, 5. (a) Received signal disappears when coil is parallel to
magnetic field, (b) Note that magnetic-induction receiver
coif's sensitivity pattern has null directions in the plane of the
coil unlike radio loop antennas, (c) Nulls are much sharper
than peaks, hut with very weak signals you may have to seek
peaks instead of nulls.
RECEIVER COIL m
VERTICAL PL*NF
Fig. 6. Finding the approximate surface point above the
transmitter (plan viewl
the brute-force approach
soon reaches limitations.
For a given length of wire,
the optimum antenna is a
single huge circular turn
Very large loops are OK for
fixed locations, but coils for
direction-finding must be
rigid, flat, and portable.
Transmitting coils must be
small enough to fit through
tight cave passages. In any
case, the easiest route to
long range is with coils of
the largest manageable di-
ameter. Build a transmitter
of a few Watts, carefully
match it to the coil, and con-
centrate the rest of your ef-
fort on a good receiver,
Ferrite-core antennas
should perform well if prop-
erly designed Ferrite cores
can introduce problems of
temperature instability, mi-
crophonics, and magnetic
saturation. Doug DeMaw's
recent book, Ferromagnetic-
Core Design and Applica-
tions Handbook, published
by Prentice-Hall, is an excel-
lent reference
Nathan B Stubblefield
may have discovered the in-
teresting interaction be-
tween the magnetic-induc-
tion and earth-current
modes of communication:
Current injected into the
ground between a pair of
widely-spaced rods flows
around a large underground
area, creating a large mag-
netic moment. An inductive
46 73 Magazine * February, 1984
receiver will detect the sig-
nal Likewise, a pair of
ground probes can detect
voltage induced by a distant
current-carrying coil. Some
cave-radio experimenters
have built equipment which
operates in either mode, al-
lowing greater flexibility in
varying conditions of
ground conductivity
Voice Operation
My own equipment was
designed primarily for direc-
tion-finding and minimum
weight. It can transmit from
cave to surface by CW, but
it does not transceive. Two-
way communication is not
essential for surveying oper-
ations, but it can be very
useful. (People who don't
know Morse code can usual-
Receiving antenna has inclinometer made from vernier radio
dial and spirit-level for measuring vertical angles.
ly send it intelligibly if pro-
vided with a code list and a
few minutes of instruction
on lengths of dots, dashes,
spaces, letter and word
spacing, and abbreviations)
For a "downlink" I use a
12-volt-operated, 100-Watt
police siren/PA amplifier
driving either a large loop of
wire lying on the surface or a
pair of ground rods. A sur-
plus 40OHz variable auto-
transformer matches the
amplifier to different loads.
The underground voice
receiver has a ferrite-core
coil connected to an audio
amplifier through a high-
pass LC filter which cuts off
at 600 Hz, with 70 dB of re-
jection below 300 Hz. The
filter rejects the strongest
power-line harmonics. A
band of voice energy called
the first formant is lost, re-
sulting in loss of the quali-
ties that distinguish individ-
uals' voices, but intelligibil-
ity remains The female
voice works best here.
Magnetic Direction-Finding
Someone must take the
transmitter into the cave to
the point of interest and turn
it on at an appointed time.
The transmit coil must be
horizontal and very accu-
rately level.
Received signal strength
depends on how much mag-
netic flux passes through the
coil. With the plane of the
coil parallel to the field, no
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BOX 21S05 BT SOUTH EUCUD, OHIO 44121
«* See List ot Advertisers on page 9S
73 Magazine • February, 1984 47
N
\
U
\
L
i. j
s
\
\
\
i
tz H^
U
&'
\
\ GROUND
/
\
/
*?
SURFACE
\ \ \ it's
* \ \ \\\ I / /
\ \ ■ \ \ / 7 / /
DEPTH
N
\
I
fjg, 7. Ground zero is pinpointed by finding the spot where
the field is vertical. Then, distances (L) and vertical angles (e)
are used in calculating depth of transmitter.
DftfTAfcCt
20 50 40 5- 60 TO BO
ANGLE 0* FIEU) FROW VERTTCAL (D£G )
F/g. 8. Cave Radio Depth Chart (after W. Mixon). Each curve is
depth vs. field angle for a different horizontal distance from
ground zero* Use any distance units: feet meters, etc. Exam-
ple: For distance 50' and angle 40°, depth is 102'. Thanks to
Robert F. Blakely for providing this HP-85 computer plot
flux passes through the cen-
ter and the signal disap-
pears in a very sharp null
(Fig. 5).
Viewed from above, the
field of the transmit coil
looks like straight lines radi-
ating from the center (Fig. 6).
The receiver operator can
home in on the area of the
underground transmitter by
a technique similar to that
of normal hidden-transmit-
ter hunting: Hold the coil in
a vertical plane and rotate
to find the null direction,
then "triangulate."
Once the approximate
site has been found by hori-
zontal nulls, the location
can be refined to within a
few inches, using vertical
nulls. Fig. 7 shows a side
view of the curved shape of
the field Point the coil
toward maximum signal
then tilt it back and forth to
find a null which indicates
the direction of the field
coming up out of the
ground. Move in the direc-
tion of decreasing vertical
angle to find a place where
the null direction is straight
down. Turn 90° horizontally
and repeat the procedure,
getting closer to the center
of the field each time.
"Ground zero" is the point
where the vertical null is
straight down, no matter
what horizontal direction
you point the coil's axis An
experienced operator can
usually find ground zero in
about ten minutes and de-
CALCULATOR METHOD
Finding depth by calculator is fast, easy, eliminates plotting
errors, and provides wider range than the graph. (The graph stitl
has the advantages of low cost and easier error detection.) A
programmable pocket calculator with nonvolatile memory,
such as the Hewlett-Packard HP-29C, is ideal for calculating
depth while on location.
HP-29C Program for Depth of Cave Radio
Equation solved for depth;
D =
L(3+V9 +
Stance)
4 tan 6
0*<6<9€'
01
15
13
00
gLBLO
02
15
34
g DEG
03
14
54
f TAN
04
31
ENTER
05
15 63
gxs
06
08
8
07
61
X
08
09
9
09
51
+
10
14
S3
f\Ax"
11
03
3
12
51
+
13
21
x?y
14
04
4
15
61
X
16
71
17
61
X
18
15
12
gRTN
To use: Key in L
ENTER
Key in e (in degrees).
GSB 0
Example: L = 50', 0 = 45a; Depth = 89.04'
termine depth in another
ten.
Finding Depth
The receiver antenna
should be mounted on a rig-
id, flat board or framework
and must be equipped with
some type of inclinometer,
such as a carpenter's pro-
tractor Estimate vertical an-
gles to the nearest 1/10 de-
gree when taking data for
depth,
Mark ground zero with a
stake or rock- Stretch a mea-
suring tape horizontally away
from ground zero and mea-
sure the vertical angle of
the field at several different
distances away. Use the dis-
tance-and-angle data in the
calculator formula above
or plot the data on the f am i-
ly of curves in Fig 8 Aver-
age the results of several
pairs of data. The depths
should be consistent, falling
near the average value and
randomly either side of the
average, An increasing or
decreasing trend indicates
an error in ground zero loca-
tion or an unlevel transmit
coil. Most of the error can
be recovered by taking an-
other set of data in the op-
posite direction away from
ground zero and averaging
the results of both sets.
Note that the slope of the
depth function (Fig, 8) is very
steep for small angles, Le,P a
small error in measuring the
angle will produce a large
depth error. For best results,
use only angles between 1 2°
and 75°. (At vertical angles
48 73 Magazine * February, 1984
near and greater than 90°,
the null is less distinct andr
of course, the signal is weak-
er at greater distances from
ground zero.)
The depth chart (Fig. 8)
derives from the formula:
tan e = 3LD/(2DJ-L2X
where: e — angle of field
(measured from vertical
= 0°), L — horizontal dis-
tance from ground zero, and
D = depth The formula is
an approximation which as-
sumes that the transmit coil
is very small relative to
depth
Note that the closed
curves of the magnetic field
are ellipses, not circles Sim-
ple triangulation cannot be
used to determine depth (D
= L when e = 71.57°, not
90°). An 8 1/2" X 11" work-
ing copy of the depth chart
is available from the author
for an SASE,
The Future
Extending the range of
underground communica-
tion makes a fine project for
hams, especially VLF enthu-
siasts Experiments on 1750
meters should be especially
interesting.
Correlation, signal-aver-
aging, and other sophisticat-
ed techniques for weak-sig-
nal recovery are becoming
increasingly attractive to
amateurs with new develop-
ments in integrated circuits.
Very-long-range cave radio
could, of course, be accom-
plished by interfacing short-
range cave-to*surface links
with conventional amateur
radio equipment. Future
technology may allow com-
munication through the en-
tire Earth on modulated
beams of neutrinos! ■
The National Speleo-
logical Society is an or-
ganization promoting
safety and conservation
in the sport and science
of cave exploring. Their
address is Cave Avenue,
Huntsville, Alabama
35810.
,••■:•>; ;;;i)-w';;*:
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See U$t of Advertisers on page 98
73 Magazine ■ February, 1984 49
Introducing The SRT-3000
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50 73 Magazine • February, 1984
COULD
THE
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MITSUBISHI % BAUD Hybrid Int&paied Circuits wth tuneable
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What's a BEEPER? BorneUmea called a " courtesy buip,"
botft faxraui BEEPERS add a gentle High frequency beep
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52 73 Magazine • February, 1984
OWN A
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73 MAGAZINE 8/82
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See List of Advertisers on pag& 98
73 Magazine • February, 1984 53
Tom Bowman WA3REY
4 fudy Drive. RD tfl
AnnvdlePA 17003
Bruce Long IVAjPfU
i Ionospheric Research Lab
Room 224, ££ fast
Urn versify Park PA 16802
Here's the Split-Second Timer
In the darkroom or the shack, this beeper has 1001 uses.
Its simplicity makes it the perfect beginner's project
Editor's Note: This article, although not exclusively amateur radio oriented, so impressed us at 73 that we are presenting it here. The author
has come up with a nifty audible clock circuit The timer could be used in a photography da rk room , as suggested by the author, or in the ham
shack to time your exposure of circuit boards. The timer is simple enough to build as a first-time project. We hope you enjoy this project as
much as we did.
Like many hams that I've
talked to, I have a sec-
ond and maybe more ex-
pensive hobby — photogra-
phy Inflation has made my
photo darkroom even dark-
er with paper costs climb-
ing to over 2S cents a sheet
Chemicals spiral upward
along with paper prices
while freelance jobs dwin-
dle The result is thai I'm
very money-conscious each
time I open my bright yel-
low box of printing paper, I
even scrawled '25< a
Here's how to interface the beeper. A cube tap is pushed into
the enlarger outlet of the mechanical darkroom timer. The
red wire from the cube tap goes to my photo enlarger and the
brown wire to the beeper When the timer cycies line voltage
to the enlarger outlet both the beeper and the enlarger tamp
come on together
54 73 Magazine • February, 1984
sheet " on top or the box,
but that didn't seem to cut
back on the mountain oi
wasted paper.
With rising paper costs in
mind, I decided thai the
cure might be a new dark-
room tinner. Too many
prints ended up in the
wastebasket because of
bad dodging and burning
What [ needed was a ttmei
that would help me be
more accurate, print aftei
print. But the new digital
timers cost more than I w
willing to spend
My old mechanical tinier
worked fine as long as I left
C!o$e-up detail of parts placement inside plastic case The
piezo buzzer 1$ glued to the top oi the case. The switch in the
foreground is used to turn oft the beeper while focusing un-
der the enlarger.
it set on one particular
time. The problem crept in
when I needed to reset the
timer to a new time to burn
in part of the print When I
returned the pointer to the
original time to make an-
other print, that new print
never looked the same as
the first print.
Enter Bruce WA3PTU
I talked over my problem
with Bruce Long WA3PTU.
We reasoned that an audi
ble beep sounding each sec-
ond coupled to my present
timer would permit me to
set the timer for, say, 10 sec-
onds and then never move it
again To add or subtract
printing time would be easy
All I would have to do
would be to count the sec-
onds that ticked by, then
block the enlarger's light
path with my hand when the
correct time was reached.
Dodging and burning
prints could be done more
accurately since I would
hear the passing onds as I
worked over each print. All
that was needed was an in-
expensive add-on beeper
(and, of course, the circuit
from WAJPTU)
I built the beeper tor
about $11. The handful of
parts came trom the local
Radio Shack store and fit in-
to a plastic box Calibration
was simple using only my
wristwatch. The beeper was
interfaced with my dark-
room timer by plugging it in-
to a cube tap shared with
my photo en larger The add-
on beeper has made dark-
room life more enjoyable
and cost-efficient — so, let's
build one.
How It Works
The beeper is simple. A
piezo buzzer sounds each
second that the en larger
lamp is on. Line voltage is
also routed to the add-on
beeper through a cube tap
That line voitage turns on a
2N2222 transistor switch in
the beeper The 2N2222
switches on the 555 timer
Circuit by grounding an in-
ternal 9-volt battery When
the mechanical darkroom
timer shuts off the line volt-
age, the en larger lamp and
the beeper turn off, for prac-
tical purposes, simultane-
ously.
Part of the 555 timer cir-
cuit was borrowed from
Don Lancaster's TTL Cook-
books I wont repeat Lan-
caster's very complete de-
m ription of why the on uit
works. All that s necessary is
to note that the combina-
tion of R1 and CI produces
a beep about 1 second long.
The 5k pot adjusts the
beep's volume.
the 500k pot calibrates
the timing cycle This pot is
i .irefullv adjusted until 61
beeps are timed in 60 sec-
onds. Thai's right. 61 beeps.
When the enlarger lamp and
the beeper are first turned
on, a beep sounds. That's
the extra beep I realty
wasn't sure that I could live
with that first beep coincid-
ing with the enlarger lamp
turning on. Now, after 7
months ot use, I expect that
first beep and compensate
for it Look at it this way:
When you have 20 identical
prints to make of the family
reunion, it doesn't matter if
you remember ri beeps or 6
beeps as the time for burn-
ing in Aunt Lydia's face,
What counts is that you con-
sistently give her face that
same extra exposure on
each of the 20 prints if you
don't want to waste paper.
Whether or not you count
that extra first beep is your
decision.
Building the Beeper
Now let's build the
beeper. My beeper shown in
the photos was built on a
printed circuit board. How-
ever, a 2 " X 2 " square of
pert board or an etched and
drilled Radio Shack IC
board, catalogue number
276-024, makes construction
simple The important thing
is to make certain that you
TTL Cookbook, Don Lancaster,
Howard W. Sams and Co.f p.
174.
AC
(TO ENLARGE «1
RED
Fig, 1. Addon beeper schematic.
assemble the parts in an all
plastic box. That's a plastic
box with a plastic panel. Do
not substitute any of the
multitude of boxes avail-
able with aluminum panels
The 110-volt-ac line is quite
stite as long as it remains iso-
lated inside the case. Alu-
minum panels could pro-
vide a dangerous path out-
side the box.
The circuit board and bat-
tery are friction-fit inside my
case. Don't use metal
screws to fasten the board
to the box because ol the
shock hazard Instead, glue
the battery and board to the
i vise with a few well-placed
dabs of silicone rubber ce-
ment.
A word about parts No, I
don't manage a Radio Shack
store or have stock in Tandy
Corporation, The parts list
has Radio Shack catalog
numbers to help beginning
builders. I'm certain that
these common Iv available
parts can be found in most
any ham junk box. Parts lay-
out isn't critical, either. Ob-
serve the polarity ot the
piezo buzzer. The schemat-
ic is marked to show place-
ment of the red and black
leads.
Operation
I included a switch to turn
off the beeper while focus-
ing or composing under the
enlarger When you are
ready to make that first
print, turn on the beeper. Set
the mechanical darkroom
timer tor your average print-
ing time. I've standardized
on 10 seconds Never move
the mechanical timer off the
time you selected — in my
case, 10 seconds. If you
have a dense negati\r and
must burn in parts of the
print, simply press the me-
chanical timer's button
again for another 10-second
cycle and count off the ex-
tra time You will probably
find that the old mechanical
timers are sufficiently accu-
rate when used this way- In-
a< cutcK ies ( ieep in when
changing the time setting
back and forth For this rea-
son it is much more accu-
rate to set the timer and
print as I described than it is
to print for 10 seconds then
reset the timer for another 5
seconds to burn in part of
the print Consistent dodg-
ing can be done by counting
the beeps as you hold back
underexposed parts of the
negative
Consistency and repeat-
ability result from using the
beeper and the ' hands-off-
tbe-timer" method. If you
don't believe me now, wait
until you finish that print
order of 20 reunion pic-
tures Aunt Lydia will look
the same on each print —
guaranteed.
An Extra Added Bonus
Now that you've built the
addon beeper and love it,
let's take it out of the dark-
room. Remember that pic-
ture you tried to take last
December of the Christmas
tree and lights after dark in
73 Magazine • February, 1984 SS
Parts List
Quantity
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
Plastic box, 4 "x 2-7/16 "x
1-1/16"
(Note; Box must be all
plastic to isolate line volt-
age and prevent shock )
Piezo buzzer
Capacitors. 1 uF, 250 WV
dcr mylar™ metal film
Capacitor, .1 uF, 50 WV,
disc
Potentiometer, 500k
Potentiometer, 5k
Resistors. 100k,
% Watt; 5%
Resistor, Ik, V* Watt, 5%
Resistor, 1 meg.
v4 Watt, 5%
Diodes, silicon switching
1N914
Diode, 1 Amp, 400 piv
Timer IC, 555
Transistor, 2N2222
Cat. No.
270-221
273O60
271-1356
Total
Price
$1.89
iC. ww
272-1055
($.89 ea.)
1.78
272-135
.79
271-221
.59
271-217
.59
271-1347
.16
271-1321
.06
.08
276-1122
.20
276-1103
.69
276-1 723
.99
27&2009
.79
$11.62
Catalog numbers from 1982 Radio Shack Catalog No. 354.
the front yard? The Kodak
Professional Photoguide sug-
gests that with ASA b4 Him
and your camera lens set at
f/8, a starting exposure is 5
seconds. Now, you could
count "one-one-l hou sand,
two-one-thousand " or
you could build a second
add-on beeper to time that
long exposure
All you need is a PC cord
lo interface the beeper with
your camera. Build another
beeper without the ,ic line
cord and transistor switch
ing circuit. Cut off the end of
the PC cord that mates with
a Hash unit and solder on*1
PC cord wire to point A on
the schematic ami the other
PC wire lo point H Plug the
PC cord into the t amera, set
the shutter to Bulb, and hoh I
open the shutter for an audi-
5 s*»c onds or h beep
Bracketing is just as <
as counting more or less
beeps either side ot the rec-
ommemli tl stalling expo-
sure 1 1 link you can count r»
seconds pretty accurately to
yourself in your head? Well*
the beeper might come in
handy when making a pic-
ture of, let's see, a 'moonlit
snowscape " According to
the Professional Photoguki
that's about 70 se< onds at
it with Kodachrome 64
Him
Hmmm N if I want
to bracket, that's 140 sec-
onds and \** seconds, but
then I have to take into ac-
count rec i proc 1 1 v i a i I u re,
so Or was that 141 beeps
and 36 beeps? Anyway, the
important thing is to build a
second beeper without line
*rd and inter i with
your camera That way there
won't be any shot k hazard
The < in cut is simple but
the beeper works quite well
Build one and stop tilling
your darkroom wa^ebasket
v\ith printing paper Instead,
start thinking about where
you're going to put that new
tnbandei with all the money
you save ■
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W6ZXH
MAKE IT
EASY TO SAVE
your copies of
73 Magazine
Your magazine library is your prime reference source— keep it
handy and keep il neat with these strong library shelf boxes.
They are made of white corrugated cardboard and aredusi resis-
i 1 1 1 1 t iso them lo keep all your magazines orderly yet available
for constant reference.
Self- sticking La bets are available for the following;
80 Micro 73 Magazine Radio Electronics
Microcomputing QST Personal Computing
mCider €Q HOTCoCo
Desktop Computing Ham Rad Interface Age
One box (BX i 000) IS S2 .00, 2 - 7 boxes {EX 1 00 1 1 are $ 1 50 each,
and S or more boxes (BX1002J are $ \ .25 each. Be sure to specify
which labels we should send.
Call TOLL-FREE for credit card orders:
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73 Magazine
Attn: Book Sales, Peterborough, NM 03458
I SHIPPtMG AND HANDLING CHARGES $2.00 per order, up
to and including a quantity of eight, 25<t for each additional box
ordered.
56 73 Magazine • February, 1984
TS430S FILTERS
Fctf superior performs r>ce at lower cost use top-
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For more p feasant audio use our 210GHz for SSB
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BIGGER IS BETTER*
Fox Tango filters are better because of their discrete
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Order with confidence,
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1-800-231-3057
73 Magazme * February, 1984 57
QUALITY TUNERS THAT DELIVER MORE PERFORMANCE,
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MFJ-941D 300 WATT VERSA TUNER II
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Matches everything from 1 .8 to 30 MHz
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SB 73 Magazine ■ February, 1984
MFJ RTTY / ASCII / AM TOR / CW
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MFJ-1312, JS.95. 3x4x1 inch aluminum cabinet.
GENERAL PURPOSE RTTY/ ASCII/
AMTOR/CW COMPUTER INTERFACE
Lets you send and receive computerized RTTY/ ASCII /AMTOR/CW. Copies
all shifts and all speeds. Copies on both mark and space. Sharp 8 pole active
filter for 1 70 Hz shift and CW. Plugs between your rig and VIC-20, Apple,
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See List of Advert is&rs on page 9S
73 Magazine * February, 1984 59
Biff Cikas
1627 Patadise Boulevard
Rockford li 61103
Peak Your Picture With
Home-Brew SSTV Test Gear
Go from gray scale to color bars with these simple generators
No monitor should be without them.
In my spare time I enjoy
viewing slow-scan televi-
sion on my home-brew
monitor and tike to keep up
to date with advances in
this field. Also, I enjoy de-
signing with all types of in-
tegrated circuits, CMOS in
particular. Thus, I have
combined these two inter-
ests into the two projects
described here. Each gener-
ator has nine ICs and few
other components and both
can be built for well under
$100.
The SSTV gray-scale gen-
erator is used as a standard
to adjust brightness and
contrast levels on commer-
cial slow-scan monitors and
to peak sync and bandpass
fitters on home-brew equip-
ment It also can be used to
SSTV
£) sua*
SCALE
OUTPUT
60
Fig, 1. CMOS SSTV gray-scale generator
73 Magazine • February, 1984
check repairs or modifica-
tions on any monitor
In addition to the above-
mentioned operations, the
SSTV color-bar generator is
useful when selecting red,
green, and blue filters for
color slow-scan photogra-
phy. It provides a pattern
with these colors plus mix-
tures of them into blue-
green, violet, yellow, and
white,
Gray-Scale Generator
The MM5369 is a crystal-
controlled oscillator provid-
ing a square wave at 3 58
MHz. This signal is divided
by a factor of 10 through
each of the 4017 dividers. A
35.8-kHz signal is present on
pin 9 of the 4520 binary di-
vider A binary code is fed
into the 4514 decoder
Meanwhile, the 4069
clock provides a 240-Hz
square wave to pin 1 of the
other binary divider in the
4520 package. Here, the bi-
nary-coded output selects
one of the 1 6 available input
pins from the two 4051 digi-
tal selectors and passes
reset information from the
4514 decoder through pin 3
of both 4051 ICs to the reset
pin (pin 1 5) of the first binary
divider,
As the 16 input pins are
swept through (top to bot-
tom on the schematic), the
35.8-kH/ frequency ts divid-
ed by factors of 15,12, 10,9,
and 8 respectively. This will
constitute one scan line on
the monitor. The 4024B
takes frequencies from the
"0" pin (pin 11) of the 4514
and divides all by a factor of
two. The result is an S5TV
gray scale with frequencies
within one percent of 1200,
1500, 1800, 2000, and 2250
Hz. All are 50/50 duty -cycle
square waves so gray-scale
shades will result only from
changes in frequency. The
only adjustment necessary
is horizontal sweep speed.
Color Bars for SSTV
The same general opera-
tion of the gray-scale gener-
ator can be redesigned to
give us the three frame pat-
terns necessary to produce,
photographically,, a slow-
scan color-bar frame.
We start again with a
3.58-MHz oscillator and di-
vide by a factor of 100, this
time in a single 4518. A 35,8-
kHz signal is fed to pin 9 of
the 4520 and a binary-coded
output is available at the ad-
dress inputs of the 4514. Al-
so, a clock frequency of 120
Hz is provided at pin 1 of the
4520 and a binary code is
presented to a single 4051.
The action of the 4051
and the two sections of the
4053 can be described as
switches in series. Binary
data on address pins 9, 10,
and 11 of the 4051 and con-
trol pins 9 and 1 0 of the 4053
will route data from the
4514 pins 15, 14, and 18 to
pin 15 of the 4520 The tim-
ing of these connections will
produce horizontal and ver-
tical pulses as well as full
cutoff and saturation (black
and white) bars when viewed
on the monitor. When look-
ing at the three frame pat-
terns, one can see a relation-
ship forming between the
width of the bars and the
square-wave frequency at
the RGB select switch.
A 555 timer is used as a
duty-cycle clock to
control pin 10 of the 4053.
This clock and the bottom
4053 switch provide a verti-
cal sync option for the gen-
erator. For about two scan
lines worth of time, the gen-
erator will produce a 1200-
Hz tone. The monitor will
look at this tone as a vertical
sync pulse.
The 4013 is a divide-by-
two stage that operates
identically to the 4024B in
the gray-scale generator.
The output inverter is not
necessary if one has a "B"
series 4013 device.
Going Further
The heart of these audio-
tone generators can be a
good starting point for other
projects. Add a memory
(ROM) and send graphics or
your call letters without a
computer. Build a flying
spot scanner, vidicon cam-
era, or a totally solid-state
SSTV camera with the new
Reticon photodtode arrays
(see Radio Eiectronics,
March. 1982, page 7r>).B
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Fig, 2, CMOS SS TV color-bar generator
73 Magazine * February, 1984
61
Sob Myers KC&EW
729 Dawn Avenue
Ft Collins CO 80524
Op Art
Include the ubiquitous op amp in your next circuit
KC0EW tells how.
When the Linear IC Hall
of Fame is estab-
lished, it's a pretty safe bet
that among the first to be in-
ducted will be the opera-
tional amplifier, or op amp.
From the venerable 709 and
741 to the latest wideband
wonders, this class of com-
ponent has found its way in-
to more circuits than prac-
tically any other chip.
The op-amp IC has made
possible designs that would
have been prohibitively ex-
pensive or complex just a
couple of decades ago. You
can filter with them. You
can amplify with them. You
can addr subtract, multiply,
divide, integrate, buffer
mix, and oscillate with them.
And if you can learn just a
little bit about how to use
these versatile gizmos,
you'll find that design chal-
lenges that looked almost
impossible can be simple—
with some imaginative use
of "Op Art/'
Simply put an opera-
tional amplifier is just a very
high gain voltage amp with
high input impedance and
practically no output im-
pedance. A typical op amp
will show a voltage gain of
several hundred thousand,
with an input impedance in
the megohms.
On a schematic they're
not much to look at— Fig. 1
shows the ubiquitous trian-
gle symbol of the op amp.
The inputs are marked +
and — , denoting the invert-
ing and non-inverting in-
puts, respectively. The out-
put is at the tip of the
triangle.
The op amp is really a dif-
ferential-input device, mean-
ing that the output is an am-
plified version of the voltage
difference between the two
inputs; the + and — sym-
bols merely give an indica-
tion of the polarity, or phase,
of the output with respect to
the input Both inputs must
EQUATIONS
1.
V = V - FV *
va win ' "out
2.
V ♦ = AV
'out — ^'a
3.
Vout = A<Vjn - FVout)
4.
Vout = Vin (A/1 + AF)
5.
Vout = Vin (AMF)
6.
"out — "in \ ' ""/
7.
Vout - Vjn [1/(R1/(R1 + R2))]
8.
Vout = Vln 0 + R2ffM)
9.
Vou, = -Vin(R2/R1)
10.
Vout = ~[V1(RF/R1) + V2(RF/R2) + V3(RF/R3) + . . .]
11.
V«t = (V1 - V2) (R2/R1)
be used for the output to do
anything meaningful
So we've got a part which
will amplify a voltage by a
hundred thousand times or
more. Seems like just the
thing for a stage with lots of
gain, right? Just think, we'll
feed the input a few milli-
volts (maybe from that turn-
table over there) and drive
our speakers directly from
the output!
Well, not quite. The op
amp isn't meant to be a
power amplifier, and that
hundred-thousand gain sim-
ply isn't usable in this fash-
ion. This gain figure, called
the open-loop gain, is very
important but not like this.
The op amp, or any other sin-
gle stage with this much
gain, tends to be very unsta-
ble when run without some-
thing to keep it under con-
trol That doesn't mean that
all this gain is useless; we've
just got to find the right way
to apply it. The thing that
makes the op amp's huge
gain very desirable (and the
key to most op amp applica-
tions) is the principle of
feedback .
Feedback simply means
that we're going to take a
small portion of the output
of a given stage (or series of
stages) and return it to the
«Q*HNV£RTrNG
INPUT
INVERTING INPUTS
OUT
Fig. 1. The symbol for the
op amp.
input. Feedback can cause
an otherwise stable circuit
to suddenly go into vio-
lent oscillation — as anyone
who's ever spent some time
with PA systems knows! The
squealing heard when a mi-
crophone is placed too
close to the speaker it's driv-
ing is an example of positive
feedback — the output sig-
nal is returned in-phase with
the input, adding to it and
driving the system farther
and farther into oscillation.
But if you return the output
so that it is out of phase with
the input, in negative feed-
back, you can actually im-
prove the stability of the cir-
cuit Here's how it works.
Consider the simple block
diagram shown in Fig. 2. The
triangle here is used to in-
dicate some amplifier (not
necessarily an op amp) with
a voltage gain of A. This
means that the output
voltage is A times as big as
the input voltage (Vin). Vm is
applied to the amplifier so
that it appears as the volt-
age difference between the
two input leads, so we're
still talking about a differen-
tial amplifier.
So far, no big deal, right?
But suppose we add a block
which returns a part of the
output back to the input, as
. o-
'w
9 *
/ft 177
V0UT
Fig. 2. An amplifier with a
voltage gain of "A. "
62 73 Magazine • February, 1984
IN
„'.
£ J^J
%
VH
/77
F
VOUT
+ •
VIN (+^5V MAK1
« +
Fig. 3. An amplifier with
feedback.
in Fig. 3 Here, the block
marked F is doing just that
We'll use F as the gain of this
block, saying that F times
the output is fed back to the
input. In Fig. 2, the output
was just an amplified ver-
sion (A times) of the input.
But what's happening in this
new arrangement?
Well, the output of the am-
plifier—the triangle stage —
still has to be A times as big
as the input But the input to
the amplifier is no longer
just the input signal, Vjrv The
input to the amp— the volt-
age difference between the
two input terminals— is now
the difference between Vjn
and F times the output If we
call this signal Va (for volt-
age at the amplifier), we can
write Equation 1 (see box).
It is this combined signal
that the amplifier block is
working with, so the amplifi-
er output (and the output
of the whole thing, since
they're the same} must be A
times Va (see Equation 2).
What we'd really like,
though, is some relation be-
tween the original input sig-
nal (Vjn) and the output
Well, Equation 1 gives us Va
in terms of both of these, so
we can get rid of that pesky
Va just by plugging in the
right side of 1 for Va (see
Equation 3).
This says that the output
depends on both the input
and itself. (Well, what did
you expect with feedback?)
A few more algebraic tricks:
dividing both sides by V^t
and rearranging gives us
Equation 4,
This might not look all
that impressive at first
glance (heck, it might not
look that impressive at sec-
ond glance), but lets think a
bit about what it means.
Remember, A is the gain of
OUT
o -
1-I5-20V
Q +
^OUT
-15-aov
Fig 4. A non-inverting buffer. Rg * An jnvenjng amplifier
the triangle bfock in Fig. 3 —
the amplifier proper — and F
is the gain of the feedback
path around the amp. Since
we know we're trying to find
some use for a large gain
amp, what happens if A in
this equation becomes very
large?
If A is a large number,
then A times F must also be
a large number, at least until
F gets pretty small And if A
times F is large, then adding
one to it shouldn't change it
very much — I mean, 100,000
and 100,001 are pretty much
the same, right? So in Equa-
tion 4, the 1 + (A X F) might
just as well be simply A X
F — the added one isn't go-
ing to make much differ-
ence one way or another.
Well, if we drop the one we
get Equation 5 which then,
dividing through by A, re-
sults in Equation 6.
Now, that's something we
can use. What this has all
boiled down to is the fact
that if our assumption about
A x F being large is true,
then the output does not de-
pend on the actual gain of
the amplifier at all! As long
as the gain of the amplifier
(A) is large enough to make
A x F much bigger than
one, the output of this
whole gadget will depend
only on the input and the
gain of the feedback path, F,
The gain of that path might
actually turn out to be a
loss; if F is one-fifth, then
Vout will be five times the
amplitude of Vjn regardless
of the actual gain of the op
amp we use to build it!
What's actually happen-
ing here is that we're com-
paring a part of the output
to the input and getting a
signal (Va) which is a mea-
sure of how far off the out-
put is from the desired
signal Va is an "error volt-
age/7 If Vout were an exact
copy of Vjn, just five times
bigger, and we compare Vjn
with one fifth of Vout, we
would expect an error volt-
age of zero. This is how
negative feedback controls
the output of the stage.
As an example, look at
Fig. 4. Here, F is one; all of
the output is being fed back
to the input. This says that
the output will be an exact
copy of the input. This cir-
cuit, called a non-inverting
buffer, is useful for picking
off a sample of a certain sig-
nal without loading down
that signal's source — re-
member, the op amp has ex-
tremely high input imped-
ance. If you'd rather get an
inverted version of the
signal, you can use the in-
verting amplifier circuit of
Fig. 5, with R1 = R2. (Ac-
tually, Fig. 4 is a special case
of the non-inverting amplifi-
er shown in Fig. 6 — it just
has R2 = 0 and R1 infinite,]
Figs. 5 and 6 show how
feedback is applied for the
cases of inverting and non-
inverting amps. Fig, 6P the
non-inverting amp, is prob-
ably the easiest to under-
stand: R2 and R1 form a
voltage divider and the volt-
age across R1 is what is com-
pared to the input. So, for
this case, the F of our earlier
equations is simply the volt-
age divider, and we can
write Equation 7.
Equation 8, a rearranged
Equation 7, is the usual way
'OUT
Fig 6. A non-inverting ampli-
fier.
of expressing the gain of this
configuration. The inverting
case is a bit more difficult to
see since the feedback isn't
in series with the input sig-
nal. But if you think of it
in terms of current— the
amount of current required
through R2 to produce the
same drop as a given
amount through R1 —then it
looks tike F will simply be
the ratio of these resistanc-
es, and we get Equation 9.
The minus sign shows up be-
cause this is an inverting
amplifier— Vout is reversed
from Virv Notice that these
circuits give us a quick and
easy way to build voltage
amplifiers with gains set
simply by the proper selec-
tion of resistor values.
There are a couple of
other things we can do with
the inverting amp that you
might be interested in. Since
the gain is set by the ratio of
the two resistors, we can use
the circuit of Fig. 7 as a mix-
er. The output will be the
sum of the input signals add-
ed in proportion to the ratio
of their input resistor and
the feedback resistor (see
Equation 10), The input re-
sistors might even be vari-
able, as in Fig, 8, so that you
can change the level of each
signal simply by adjusting
the proper potentiometer.
This circuit could form the
basis for an audio mixer for
your home-brew PA system.
<j +
'QUI
/77
-I5--ZQV
Fig. 7. An inverting amplifier used as a mixer.
73 Magazine • February, 1984 63
R2
* v -A"» »
V2
VI
n
«+
rv
'OUT
F/g. 8. Ma&e the input resistors variable and you have the
beginnings of an audio mixer.
vz
**
*WW-
■^A% •
fOUT
f
-15 -20V
Fig, 9. A differential amplifier.
002-F
roils off *ao^e
20dQ DOWN 4T
rGOQO- FOR RCMOtriWG
high frfq m01se
communications
applications!
OUT
SKHj ' f — **
;e in ?
s mm
Fig. 10. A simple active filter.
0
IM4Q03
*I5^?0V
'" a
/77
C <
1-IOmF <
20-5
F/g. 7 7, A peak-detecting circuit,
Another interesting use
for the op amp is the dif-
ferential amplifier shown in
Fig, 9. This circuit's output is
related to the difference of
the two input signals, V1 and
V2. Note that the corres-
ponding resistors on either
side of the circuit are equal in
value — R2 A equals R2B,
etc- The amplitude of the
output is still set by the ratio
of the resistances, and is ex-
pressed in equation II This
circuit can also be used for
level shifting, if one of the
inputs is fixed to a reference
voltage.
But why limit ourselves to
just resistances in the feed-
back loop? If we use some
reactive components in this
path (capacitors and indue
tors) we should be able to
come up with a circuit
64 73 Magazine • February, 1984
whose output depends on
the frequency of the input
signal— in other words, a
filter. Active filter design is a
topic which can (and has)
filled textbooks, but Fig. 10
shows a sample circuit to
demonstrate the op amp's
use in this area. Active filters
turn out to be much simpler
to design and build than
their passive counterparts,
due to the ease of isolating
sections of the filter and the
elimination of the need for
inductors.
A couple of applications
show some other uses of the
op amp's characteristics.
Fig, 11 is a peak-detecting
circuit Here, the capacitor
charges to the peak voltage
present at the input and
stays there since it has no
place to discharge. Remem-
ber, the input impedance of
the op amp is very high, so it
doesn't present much of a
path for discharging the
capacitor.
You should recognize the
way the op amp is con-
nected here— if s just the
buffer from Fig. 4. One
might place a resistor across
the capacitor so that the cap
will eventually discharge
The bigger the resistor of
course, the longer the cap
will take to discharge and
the closer the output will re-
main to the peak value. This
circuit can be useful in
tailoring meter responses,
such as slowing down the
response of some of the new
bargraph displays so that
you can follow them more
easily.
This should give you
some idea of how to use the
op amp for various jobs, and
maybe already you can
think of some applications
for the circuits I've shown.
There are, though, a few
practical considerations to
keep in mind.
First, the op amp usually
will require both positive
and negative supply volt-
ages (though not always—
see National Semiconduc-
tor's Linear Databook and
Linear Applications Hand-
book). These supply volt-
ages must not exceed the
rating for the part you're us-
ing and will always limit the
maximum amplitude allowed
for the output Make sure
you're not asking for so
much gain that you'd ex-
ceed this limit, or the output
will clip at the maximum.
Also, while most modem
op amps include some form
of current limiting on the
output, try not to use it
Keep your circuits running
so that the op amp is run-
ning well within its max-
imum current-limit spec.
You should also be aware
of the bandwidth and slew-
rate limitations of the part
you're using. Slew ratet usual-
ly expressed in something
like volts per microsecond, is
a measure of how fast the
output voltage can change.
This will determine how well
the op amp can track signals
at high frequency.
Compensation is another
subject that often comes up
for discussions of op-amp
circuits. Here, I'm going to
have to refer you to the
manufacturers data sheet
for the op amp you're using
Some parts are internally
compensated, while others
will require that some exter-
nal components (usually a
resistor and capacitor in
series) be added for compen-
sation All compensation
means is that the frequency
response of the amplifier is
being adjusted to ensure that
it will operate properly over
the desired frequency range.
This can be tailored to suit
the application, but for now
you're safest sticking with
the recommended compen-
sation for the part you're
using. The 709, for example,
wants around 2000 pF and
1.5k Ohms in series across
its compensation leads; the
741 is internally compen-
sated and needs no external
components.
As with most ICs, supply
bypassing is always a good
idea™ and don't forget
you've got two supplies to
worry about A ceramic
capacitor from each supply
lead to ground, say around
0.1 uF, should be about
right You might want to add
more, maybe a 10- or 20-uF
tantalum if you're a good
distance from the filter caps
in your power supply or if
you run into noise or oscilla-
tion problems.
The applications for the
operational amplifier are
practically innumerable —
so go right ahead and see
what you can do with your
own version of Op Art ■
References
Linear Databook (1978) and tin-
ea r Applica tions Handbook
(1978), National Semiconductor
Corp,
Analysis and Design of Analog
Integrated Circuits, Paul R, Gray
and Robert G. Meyer, 1977, John
Wiiey and Sons, Inc.
Specifications: (40M-4)
FREQUENCY 7.0-7.3 MHz
VSWR:. 1.5:1
. ..20dB
FEED IMP.: ,50 ohms
ELEMENT LENGTH: . . , . 46 ft
BOOM LENGTH: 42 ft.
WINDLOAD: .... 12 sq. ft
GAIN:,. 7.2 dBd
electronics, Inc.
Full Line Performance
The incredible performance of the World
Class KXM 40M-4 is used by many DX'ers as
a "Standard of Comparison" in Competitive
Antenna Equipment
Obviously, not everyone needs this type of
Awesome performance, but its nice to know
that the same performance proven design
theory and quality construction have been
carried over into our full line of quality
antennas for all frequency ranges.
Specifications: (20M-6)
BANDWIDTH; , . . 13.9 14.4 MHz
*C VSWR: I&l
^>*\1 F/B....... *...♦.. 35 dB
^*-^^ FEED IMP*:. .......... 50 ohms
I >5* ELEMENT LENGTH: .... 37 ft
I BOOM LENGTH: 57 ft.
I WINDLOAD: ..,12.8 sq.ft.
And there's more!
See your local dealer or write to KLMt Electronics,
P.O. Box 816, Morgan Hill, CA 95037.
Specifications: (15M-6)
BANDWIDTH: ... 21 .0-21.5 MHz
VSWR: 1.5:1
F/B:-, 30 dB
FEED IMP,:* . . , 50 ohms
ELEMENT LENGTH: . . . . 25 ft,
BOOM LENGTH: 36 ft,
WINDLOAD:. . . 8.5 sq. ft.
Specifications: (30M-3)
BANDWIDTH:, . . 10.1-10.150 MHz
VSWR:.,....., .,1.5:1
F/R 20 rfR
FEED IMP.: , 'L 50 ohms unbal.
ELEMENT LENGTH: .... 35*6"
BOOM LENGTH: 24*3"
WINDLOAD: . . 7 sq. ft:
Specifications:
(7.2/10-30-7LPA)
BANDWIDTH: ..7.2/10-30 MHz
VSWK: 2:1 typical
F/B:.... * 10/15
FEED IMP*: 50 ohm unbal
ELEMENT LENGTH: .... 46 ft.
BOOM LENGTH . . 42 ft.
WINDLOAD: 12 sq. ft.
GAIN 3/7 dBd typical
73 Magazine * February, 1984 65
•«•
¥
'v******"**""!
A
Food for thought.
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67.0 XZ
9L5ZZ
118.8 2B
156.7 5 A
71.9 XA
94.8 ZA
123.0 3Z
162.2 5B
74,4 WA
97.4 ZB
I27.J 3A
167.9 6Z
77.0 XB
100.0 IZ
131. 83B
173.8 6A
79.7 SP
103.5 1A
1 136.5 4Z
1 79,9 6B
82.5 YZ
107.2 IB
141 ,3 4A
186.2 7Z
85.4 YA
110.9 2Z
146.2 4B
192.8 7A
88.5 YB
114.8 2 A
-
1 151.4 5Z
i
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• Frequency accuracy, ± . 1 Hz maximum - 40°C to + 85°C
• Frequencies to 250 Hz available on special order
• Continuous tone
Group B
TEST-TONES'
TOUCH-TONES:
BURST TONES:
600
697 1209
1600 1850 2150 2400
1000
T70 1336
1650 1900 2200 2450
1500
852 1477
1700 1950 2250 2500
2175
941 1633
1750 2000 2300 2550
2805
1800 2100 2350
Frequency accuracy, ±1 Hz maximum - 40*C to + 85°C
Tone length approximately 300 ms. May be lengthened,
shortened or eliminated by changing value of resistor
Wired and tested; $79,95
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Tom W60RG Maryann WB6YSS
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68 73 Magazine * February, 1984
Eugene Morgan WB7RLX
131 1 Cross Street
Qgden UT 84404
Put the DX World on a Screen
Everything you need to know about a country can be at
your fingertips. All you need is a VIC-20 and this program.
How many times have
_ _ you been sitting at
your receiver listening to the
DX come in when you sud-
denly heard a prefix that
you couldn't identify at all?
Well, if you own a VIC-20
with at least an 8K expan-
sion cartridge or an Apple II
Plus, your worries are over.
With this program, all you
have to do after loading it is
enter the prefix at the key-
board and a variety of
pieces of helpful informa-
tion will appear on your
screen.
Immediately available to
you will be the name of the
country, its latitude and
longitude, prefix, antenna
bearings, and distance in
miles and kilometers. At the
touch of another key, the
computer will check for any
other country listed by the
same prefix If you still are
unsure of the location of the
country, the computer can
indicate which countries
border the one in question.
In the Apple program,
many of the major cities in
the United States and
around the world are includ-
ed in the data so that you
can determine exactly how
far it is to New York, Denver,
Colorado, or even Paris,
France, In the program for
the unexpanded VIC, only
major US cities have been
included in the data A use-
ful feature of this program is
that the user can customize
it for individual needs. If
you are a VHF enthusiast,
you can enter cities located
within your listening radius.
Adaptability
The locator program can
be adapted to almost any
size of memory from the
VIG20's small 3 5K to the
Apple II Plus with its 48K I
have found that in order to
get all the prefixes in the
world excepting the US, one
needs at least 11773 bytes,
or 12K of memory.
With this program, bear-
ings and distances can be
figured by the latitude and
longitude on the keyboard.
In this mode, the computer
can perform a search and
identify the countries locat-
ed around your coordinates.
Another feature of this pro-
gram is that if you enter the
name of a country or island
on the keyboard, the com-
puter can tell you where the
country is, its prefix, anten-
na bearing and distance. At
the touch of a key, the coun-
try's alternative prefix is pro-
vided, if it has one.
Program Run
After loading the pro-
gram, type in the RUN com-
mand. At this time you will
be presented with the fol-
lowing main menu with four
selections: [1) Country or
City, (2) Prefix, (3) Latitude
and Longitude, and (4) Quit.
For our first example, let's
take selection (1). Key-
strokes: 1<RET> Now you
will be asked to enter the
name of a country or city
Enter the name of the coun-
try in question. For our pur-
pose, enter ITALY. Key-
strokes: ITALY <RET> The
screen will clear Then the
flashing prompt SEARCH-
ING DATA will appear. If
the information is not
found, the screen will clear,
a prompt will say END OF
DATA, and the program will
return you to the main
menu. If the data is found,
the screen will clear and the
information will appear.
First will be the name of
the country. Next will be the
latitude and longitude, fol-
lowed by the prefix, antenna
bearings, and the distance in
miles or kilometers. At the
bottom of your screen will be
the prompt (F7)= SEARCH
DATA OR HIT ANY KEY. If
you press any key, you will
return to the main menu. If
you press the F7 key, the
computer will search for any
other listings for the country
entered. If there are none,
the program will return to
the main menu. If there is
another prefix, the alterna-
tive prefix and the country's
data will be provided,
Now let's go back to the
main menu again. Let's pick
the second selection. Key-
strokes: 2<RET>. You will
now be asked for a prefix
For our example, let's use
TT. Keystrokes: TT<RET>
Again the screen will go
blank and the prompt
SEARCHING DATA will ap^
pear. When the data is
found, the prompt will stop
flashing, the screen will
clear, and the information
for the Republic of Chad
will appear. If you press the
73 Magazine • February. 1984 69
F7 key, the computer will
search for any other coun-
tries listed by the prefix
TT. Finding none, the com-
puter will return to the main
menu.
For the third selection,
keystroke 3<RET>. The
screen will clear and then a
prompt will appear asking
for latitude. If it is a north
latitude, enter the number
as a positive number. If it
is a south latitude, enter
it as a negative number. For
example, let's use negative
45 degrees. Keystrokes: —45
<RET>. If you enter a num-
ber larger than 90 or less than
negative 90, you will get an
error message and be asked
for the information again.
The program, as we say in
computer language, will not
crash.
After you have entered the
latitude and pressed the Re-
turn key, another prompt will
appear requesting the longi-
tude. Enter east longitude as
a positive number and west
longitude as a negative
number. For our example,
enter a positive 120 degrees.
Keystrokes: 1 20 < RET > The
computer will not accept any
number larger than a positive
180 or less than a negative
180. A prompt will appear to
ask you if your data is correct.
Enter either a 1 for Yes or 2 for
No. If you type a 2P the pro-
gram will ask you for the cor-
rect latitude and longitude.
Our data is correct so you
can press 1. The screen will
display the latitude and longi-
tude, the antenna bearings,
and the distance in miles to
the coordinates you have
entered. At the bottom of the
screen you will find the
prompt (F7)=StARCH DATA
OR HIT ANY KEY Any key
will return you to the main
menu. If you press the F7 key,
this semen will first clear and
this prompt will appear I
WILL SEARCH MY FILE FOR
DATA ON LOCATION NEAR
YOUR COORDINATES.
HOW WIDE OF SEARCH IN
DECREES? You can enter any
number between 1 and 360,
Lets enter 20. Keystrokes:
2(KRET>. The computer
will go through its data file
and locate any coordinates
within 20 degrees of the
search area. If the computer
finds any country around the
entered coordinates, it will
stop the search and print the
data on the screen. If you
press the F7 key again, it will
continue the data search for
another country around your
coordinates, When the pro-
gram comes to the end of the
data file, the screen will clear
and the prompt END OF
DATA will appear and return
you to the main menu.
The last selection on our
menu is number 4, I do not
think this needs any expla-
nation.
Now that we have been
through the programs, let me
point out a few things. First,
when entering a city or coun-
try name, it must be spelled
correctly. If the country in
question is an island, it
needs to be entered as such,
e.g., CAICOS IS. Secondly,
when entering south, north,
east, or west there should
be no space between the ab-
breviation, the period, and
the name, e.g,, W.SAMOA.
Whenever the word Saint is
used, it should be abbrevi-
ated as ST, eg. ST. VINCENT
IS. This is done to conserve as
much memory for data state-
ments as possible
I chose Basic for the pro-
gram because of the lan-
guage adaptability, and this
makes it easy for the user to
customize the program for
special needs, A big gun DX-
er may want prefixes from a-
round the world while the
net operator may want only
cities across the nation.
The program design is as
simple as I could make it to
accommodate a lack of
memory. Rewriting the pro-
gram for the Sinclair, Atari,
or the TRS computers
should not be difficult- As
you look through the listing,
you will notice a few special
characters. These generally
concern the screen display.
For a definition of some of
the VIC special characters,
refer to the sample run
accompanying this article.
For a look at how the prc>
gram works, start at line 10.
Line 10 is where the main
menu is printed. Line 24 is a
very important line, This is
where the user puts his infor-
mation concerning his lo-
cation. CLR will clear all var^
iables. RESTORE returns the
data pointer to the start of
the data statements. The
variable A is the latitude of
the user's QTH. L1 is the
variable for the user's longi-
tude and SP$ is the name of
the user's city and state. Line
25 is the input line for your
selection from the main
menu and fine 26 sends the
program on its way.
Line 50 is the start of the
routine for entering the
name of the city or country.
C$ is the name of the coun-
try we are looking for. Line
55 is the gosub that sends
the program to the read
statement and a line of data
is then read. After the data is
read and the variables ZS
prefix, LS name of the city or
country, B latitude, and L2
longitude are filled in, then
the program compares the
L$ and the CS. If the LS and
C$ are the same, the pro-
gram goes to subroutine 500
and then to line 200, the dis-
play routine. If the variables
are different, the computer
reads another line of data-
Line 57 checks to see if all
data has been looked at If it
has, the program goes to line
250 and does an end-of-data
routine. Lines 60 through 64
work the same as lines 50
through 58 except that the
variables H$ and Z$ are
compared for a match.
Lines 70 through 84 are
the routine for entering the
latitude and the longitude
Lines 85 through 110 are the
area where I put the gosubs.
Line 85 is the error message
for whenever the user inputs
data the computer cannot
use. Line 100 is the flashing
SEARCHING DATA prompt
and the read statement. Line
110 is a delay loop.
Lines 200 through 227
contain the routine which
displays the information
after it has been processed
by the math subroutine lo-
cated on lines 500 through
900. Line 200 prints the
value of L$, the name of the
state or country. Line 201
prints the latitude, EL Line
202 prints the longitude, L2,
and line 205 prints the pre-
fix, Z$. Line 210 prints anten-
na bearings. R2, derived
from the math routine, Line
215 prints the name of the
starting point home QTH,
and the distance in miles
from SP$- Line 220 prints the
distance in kilometers from
SP1 Line 224 prints the
prompt at the end of the dis-
play, (F7} = SEARCH DATA
OR HIT ANY KEY.
At this prompt the pro-
gram waits for you to press a
key. If you press the func-
tion key, F7, the program
will go into the search
routine depending on what
selection you choose from
the main menu. Lines 227
through 230 take care of this
function If you press any
other key, the program will
return to the main menu,
line 232r
Lines 235 through 244 are
the search routine used for
main menu selection num-
ber 3, the latitude and longi-
tude. Line 239 checks lor the
end of data. Lines 240
through 243 filter the value
of the latitude and longi-
tude read in the data state-
ment If all conditions are
met the value of the vari-
ables is filled from the math
routine (lines 500 through
900} and forwarded to the
display routine. Line 250 is
the executed line whenever
the data read statement
reaches the end of the data
(line 3000).
Math Routine
The math routine was de-
rived from two sources, the
ARRL Antenna Handbook
and a math routine used
in a program published in
The Giant Book of Computer
Software (1st Ed., pp. 264*
265). I made a lot of changes
in order to save memory,
but basically it works the
same. The math routine is
70 73 Magazine • February, 1984
II ; RETURN
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Program listing.
73 Magazine • February, 1984 71
Type
RUN
HOW DO YOU WANT ME
?
?
Display:
"MAIN MENU' '
TO LOCATE DATA?
Typec
-45<ftET>
Type:
2CKRET>
HOW DO YOU WANT ME
t„COUNTf*Y OR C4TY
Display.
LATITUDE?
Display:
SEARCHING DATA
TO LOCATE DATA?
2..PRERX
?-45
Display:
AUSTRALIA
^COUNTRY OR CITY
3.XAT- & LONG,
LONGITUDE?
LATITUDE -25
2..PREFIX
4..QUIT
?
LONGITUDE 130
3„LAT. * LONG.
Type;
2<ft£T>
Type
120<RET>
PREFlXi VK
4..ourr
Display:
ENTER PREFIX
Display:
LATTTUOE?
BEARING 268
Type:
1<f*ET>
?
?-45
DISTANCE FROM OGDEN,
Display:
ENTER CQUNTCW OR CITY.
Type:
TT<RET>
LONGmJDE?
UTAH
9
Display;
CHAD
7 120
B78Q MILES
Type:
rTALY<ftET>
LATITUDE 15
IS YOUR INPUT COR-
14130 KILOMETERS
Display:
SEARCHING DATA
LONGITUDE 19
RECT?
fF7) = SEARCH DATA OR
Display;
ITALY
BEARfNG: 50
1 = YES 2= NO
HIT ANY KEY
LATITUDE 42
DISTANCE FROM OGOEN.
Type:
kret>
Type:
(Function Key F7.)
LONGITUDE 12
UTAH
Display:
LATITUDE -45
Display:
SEARCHING DATA
PREFIX; I
7437 MILES
LONGITUDE 120
Display:
AUSTRALIA
BEARING: 39
11968 KILOMETERS
PREFIX;
LATTTUOE 2S
DISTANCE FROM QGOEN,
(FT) ■ SEAFtCH DATA OR
BEARING: 246
LONGITUDE 130
UTAH
HIT ANY KEY
DISTANCE FROM OGDEN,
PREFIX: AX
569B MILES"
Type;
(Any Key,)
UTAH
BEARING: 268
9171 KILOMETERS
Display:
(Returns to the main
9S£4 MILES
DISTANCE FROM OGDEN.
<F7) = SEARCH DATA OR
menu.)
15874 KILOMETERS
UTAH
HIT ANY KEY
Display:
"MAIN MENU"
(FT) ■ SEARCH DATA OR
8780 MILES
Type:
{Function key F7 is located
HOW DO YOU WANT ME
HIT ANY KEY
14130 KILOMETERS
on the tower rigfrL side of
TO LOCATE DATA?
Typr.
(Function key F7,j
<F7) - SEARCH DATA OR
the VIC.)
1..COUNTRY OR CrTY
Display:
I WILL SEARCH MY RLE
HIT ANY KEY
Display-
SEARCHING DATA
2,,PREFIX
FOR DATA ON LOCATION
Type:
(Function key F7.J
Display:
END OF DATA
3..LAT. & LONG.
NEAR YOUR COOR-
Display:
SEARCHING DATA
Display:
(Returns to the main
4..GUIT
DINATE
Display:
END OF DATA
menu.)
Type:
3<RET>
HOW WIDE OF SEARCH
Display:
(Program returns to main
Display:
■■MAiNMENU"
Display:
LATITUDE1?
IN DEGREES'7
mtnuj
Sample run.
verts L and B to radians. The
remainder of line 610 corn-
putes the distance angle,
looks at its value, and
checks to see if it is positive.
If P2 is less than 0f 180 is
added to its value (line 645).
After P2 is taken care of,
the program moves to line
650. Line 650 computes the
distance in miles and kilo-
meters. Line 655 computes
the bearing angle and con-
verts bearings to degrees
rounded to nearest tenth
Lines 670 and 675 determine
which quadrant the bearing
angle is in and adjust the de-
grees. Line 680 makes some
adjustments to the value of
B2. Line 690 makes adjust-
ments to the value of R4,
Lines 710 through 865 per-
form any necessary adjust-
ments to the value of R2, the
bearing angle, and send the
program to line 900 This is
the RETURN statement used
to send the program back to
the main program after per-
forming the subroutine.
I have not gone into a
great deal of explanation of
the math routine as the pur-
pose of this article is not to
explain the geometry. If you
would like a better explana-
tion of this subroutine, I sug-
gest you consult the ARRL
Antenna Handbook or any
other advanced math book
Conclusion
I hope this program can
be of help to some of you. I
have used it a lot I have
needed to make some sim-
[ilr changes in the data
statements, but I have
attempted to keep the pro-
gram simple enough so that
changes can be made easily.
I know that this program will
have to be updated occa-
sionally. I used the most cur-
rent information available.
Most of the locations are
figured to the center of the
country, give or take a de-
gree. Most of the small is-
land latitudes and longi-
tudes have been taken to
the tenth of a degree to
make the data very accurate
If you find that you do
not have the time to type in
the program, I will send it to
you on tape for the VIC. The
cost is $5.00, and I need to
know the amount of mem-
ory you have. I also have
this program for the Apple II
Plus and the VIC-20 on disk
for J9.0G. (Checks should be
made out to me at my ad-
dress, above ) If you do take
the time to type it in and run
into trouble, write to me? de-
scribing the problem you
are experiencing and I will
try to correct it I know that
no program is perfect
There are many things
that can be done to spruce
up the program, especially
the Apple version. My main
goal was to keep it as simple
and efficient as possible, but
you can have some fun try-
ing to spruce it up a little.
You can always add more
data as you expand yoor
memory configuration. Have
fun and good lucklB
AMATEUR AND COMMERCIAL
COMMUNICATION SERVICES
J*
* ' Technical assistant* by F.C.C licvnsed technicians using the finest repair, test
and alignment equtproant to gin you results you can count on.
•REPAIRS -TESTS • INSTALLATIONS
•ALIGNMENTS -MODIFICATIONS *EVALUAT10NS
* ' F.C.C. Licenses:
•General Radiotetephon* (ship radar endorsed)
-Second Class RadJotefegraph (ship radar end aircraft ntdiofafegr&ph endorsed)
• Amateur Extra Class
M\\\\\\
6-10 P.M.
Sun. thru Thurs
MatrvrCuFd
^4
Cell NfiCE
5174264044
VISA
\
CCr>r\/Usyft_ji-sjiC: AT-|G»r^iS
13313 FOREST HILL RD.
GRAND LEDGE, MICHIGAN 48837
HAMEG
twmiriH>wja
20 MHi Dual Trace
Built-in Component Tester
X*Y Operation (1:1 Ratio)
2*2Q Mhz, Max 2 mVrem
Timebase 40 ns - 0.2 stem
Trigger Bandwidth 30 Mhz
*-t33
RFD-5
DERH V, tf.H, 03036
WARNER HILL !603i 43+-S37 1
72 73 Magazine • February. 19S4
international)
Each month, 73 brings you
ham radio news from around the
world, fn this collection of re-
ports from our foreign corre-
spondents, we present the lat-
est news in DX, contestst and
events, as wetl as keep you
abreast of the technical
achievements of hams in other
countries.
if you wouid like to contribute
to your country's column, write
to your country's correspondent
or to 73; Amateur Radio's
Technical Journal, Pine Street,
Peterborough NH 03458, USA,
Attn: Jack Burnett
AUSTRALIA
Mm Joyce VK3YJ
44 Wren Street
Attona 3018, Victoria
Australia
THE AUSSfE YL
How often we have heard trie pi leaps
and QRM disappear when a rare DX sta-
tion says those magic words "Please
stand by— there's a YL calling." Even
those persistent callers, Jammers, and de-
liberate QRM merchants who have, unfor-
tunately, become a sad fact of life on ama-
teur radio these days seem to go OPT
when the ladies are transmitting. Maybe it
la chivalry, or perhaps a mark of respect to
these adventurous young ladies who have
involved themselves in what was predomi-
nantly a male hobby In the early days of
amateur radio. Every so often, a YL opera-
tes is heard who Is a fine example of why
we OMs have that respect.
Austin* VK3YL
Austins Henry VK3YL is Such a young
■ady. As a life member of the Society of
Wireless Pioneers and as a member of
54-year s standing with the Wireless Insti-
tute of Australia, she has the distinction
of having the longest YL membership rec-
ord, in 1930, Austine was awarded a tro-
phy from the WtA lor the best piece of
home-brew pear In the local WLA home-
brew competition.
1930 was an active year for Austine, as
she also became a member of the ARRL
on April 14, 1930. She has 30 years of
membership In the RSGB. plus She has
been a member of NZART over 1 he last few
years. Ausiine has really kept her finger
on the pulse of overseas amateur-radio
activities. No wonder she has many tales
to tell of the good old days In radio.
When she received her first crystal set
as a child, aha Immediately pulled It to
places to see how n worked, graduating to
valve [tube} sets that she made herself,
gaining enough expertise to pass her ex-
perimental license exam on May 13, 1930.
Only the third woman to obtain an ama-
teur license in Australia, Austine became
VK3YL
As there was no commercial gear avail-
able for amateurs in those days. Austine
learned at an early stage how to get the
best out of a home-brew i Watt-input
transmitter. To get the crystals for her
sets, she used to do a tour of the city opti-
cians, gettmg their broken or rejected
quartz lenses, and, if successful, would
hurry home wllti them to grind her own
crystals.
With this type of equipment, Austine
had her first CW contact into Belgium on
September 30. 1931, with Baron da la
Rouche ON4HM. To commemorate this
contact, the Baron sent her a bronze repli-
ca of the Sacred Guardian Monkey of
Mens. She also had a successful contact
with a South African amateur In the early
1930s, using a UV199 tube fed with dry
batteries, with less than 1 Watt of inpuJ
power, in a portable situation.
Being an adventurous young wisp of a
girl, Austine was fond of horseback riding
and driving a little sports car, plus riding
motor bikes. It was only natural, therefore,
to take up flying. On September 6. 1933,
she became the firs I woman admitted to
the Royal Australian Air Force Radio Re
serve, the i raining for which included fly-
ing around in a Wapiti biplane. This plane,
although old, was very solidly constructed
and was used extensively to train both pi-
lots and radio operators, with the pilot in
the front cockpit and the radio instructor
and pupil in the back cockpit. With these
cramped conditions, the student virtually
had to sit on the instructor's knee \ lucky
Instructor!). The main requirement for fly*
Ing in these conditions was to stand up
when you landed. Otherwise, if the land-
ing was bumpy and you were sitting down,
you could crack your skull on all the gear.
Austine was most upset that they
would not send her to the war zone as a ra-
dio operator in one of the planes, just be-
cause she was a woman, but despite other
commitments during WWII, she spent a
lot of her spare time at the WIA on a volun-
teer basis, instructing service personnel
and others in the an of Morse code. It was
not unusual for Austine to take them into
her own home for free private tuition so
that they could pass their exams.
After wwii. Austine maintained her In-
terest in amateur radio, with a particular
interest m DX One of her most interesting
contacts was in 1957 with Michael
F08AP/MM. on the ill-fated Tahiti Nui raft
expedition between Tahiti and Chile. This
expedition ended up 600 miles short of
Chile when the raft broke apart after a
week of storms, Michael was using a
transceiver with 1 Watt of input power at
that time Can you imagine trying to send
SOS, plus your position, on a raft of
20- inch Jogs that are breaking apart In the
middle of the ocean with 30- loot waves
pounding down on you? That would defi-
nitely take a steady hand on the key.
CW is a mode at which Austine has re-
mained very proficient, proof of this being
her entry to the DXCC Honor Boll as the
first and only Australian YL to gain this
achievement, but this Is only one of Aus-
tine's many firsts in the field of amateur
radio, Up until 25 years ago, Austine was
using only a 40-meter Zepp antenna, grad-
uating to a half -wave centerfed d J pole, but
In the last few years she has upgraded her
antenna system to a in band beam. Her
transmitters have graduated from home
brew, to converted surplus WWII equip-
Austine Henry VK3YL
menl. to these days, when she Is using
Drake equipment.
Austine is quite proud of some of her
earlier award achievements, some of
which are; the first to work WAC-YL. Cer-
tificate No, 22 for the YL DXCC from Cana
da (hand-printed In gold), and from Heath-
er Mitchell VK3AZU (the designer of the
Alara award), a certificate tor being the
first VK YL to receive this award.
Those are only a few of the various
awards Austine has to her credit- She is
also a foundation member of Yasme, win-
ning Certificate No. 7 in the prestigious
Yasme award, one In fronl of the famous
Don Wallace W6AM who got Certificate
No. 6 in i960
What more can be said about a woman
who. after 54 years of amateur-radio oper-
ating, is still heard in the plleups, keeping
her operating techniques In CW and SSB
sharp, fust in case there comes on the air
one of the four countries she still needs to
have worked the lot,
86s, Austine!
CB RADIO
CB radio has been both a blessing and a
curse to amateur radio In Australia. It
started with the truckers In the Blue
Mountains of New South Wales (VK2),
where it was put to good use as a safety
device on the narrow, steep hills, but with
the showing of the film Convoy, all of the
res! of Australia became aware of what
was to become a loss of 27 MHz to ama-
teur radio In Australia and a headache for
our Department of Communications, bul a
boom for amateur radio.
With the mlerest created by CB. It did
not take long for people to realize that
with ever increasing chaos on 27 MHr,
there had to be something better in the
field of communications. It Is here that
both the Wireless Institute of Australia
and the DOC. to their credit, got together
with the result being a Novice class of am-
ateur license.
To pass this, you had to answer a
50-queshon, multi -choice paper on rela-
tively easy electrical laws, operating pro-
cedures, and basic radio theory. You also
had a 30-quesilon paper on rules and regu-
lations (muiti -choice). Your CW test was
at 5 wpm, send and receive.
If you passed this exam, you were al-
lowed to operate both SSB and CW On a
section of 10, 15, and 60 meters, with a
maximum power output of 30 Watts PEP,
A few countries have been thinking of also
Point Cook, 1B33: The We pi it in which Austine 3YL/3D6 made her ft /ing debut, (Picture
given to her by Jim 3NYJ38Q.}
73 Magazine * February, 1964 73
The card sent to Austine ty Michael FOSAPfMM wfro, here tn 1957, is looking over the
fear ot his raff.
introducing a similar Novice-class license
and going by the upsurge in amateur ra-
dio tn Australia, it would be a good thing,
as up until the advent of CB and the ttov-
ice-class license, the amateur-radio
scene in Australia was virtually stagnant
As an example, going by WIA member-
ship (which has remained at approximate-
ly 60% of the total amateur population).
from 19<J3> with 3,500 members, to 1973,
there was an increase of 1 ,000 {28%), but
by 1983, with the advent of CB and the
Novice license, there was an unprece-
dented upsurge in new amateurs and
membership was 3.500. That represented
a 53% 10-year increase, nearly twice that
of the previous 10-year period.
However, like everything else in life, you
get nothing for nothing, Tne cost to the
amateurs so far has been the loss of the
27-MHz band and. with retailers down
here now quite blatantly advertising C8s
wtlh a frequency coverage of 26 965 to
28.806 MHz m 5-KHi steps, how long be-
fore we also lose 28 MHz?
"It will never happen," I hear the old-
timers saying into their 807s, Qui the CB
fraternity In Australia now legally has 40
channels and no restrictions on antennas
(six-element beams are quite common)
plus l reel y -advertised linear amplifiers of
up to 600 Watts output for 27 MHz. What
happened to the legal limit of \2 Watts
PEP for CB? "Tne C9 operators in Australia
also enjoy a section of the UHF band quite
legally, with access to repealers and, be-
lieve it or not, freely advertised linear
amps for UHF
I would not be surprised it in the near fu-
ture, due to our archaic import and resale
laws In Australia, u MHz sets appear for
resale, as ft Is quite legal lo import and re-
tail any type ol equipment providing It Is
not dangerous to health or does not inler-
fere with emergency services, A CB opera-
tor can quite legally buy himself an FT-
902DM with an FL210GZ linear, connect H
to his f>etement monobandef and. unless
he causes interference (with a resulting
visit from the overworked DOC investiga-
tor!, can operate illegally to his heart's
content.
That is the negative— but worth think-
ing about— side of the CB Input to ama-
teur radio In Australia.
The positive side has many pluses. It is
not unusual lo hear on the CW section ol
the Novice band a couple of Novices rat-
tling away on CW at 20 wprrr, some are
even faster These speed merchants on
the key usually are ex service signal per
sonnet or pos toff ice telegraphists who.
over the years, have forgotten all about ra-
dio but. with the advent of the Novice li-
cense, have found that with a little study
on solid-state basics, they can get back
into The communications field As most of
these gentlemen are now retired, they
tend to study and get their full-call li-
cense. The resuM Is thai many e*-signal
ops of the various services during WWII
OSL BUREAUS IN BRAZIL
Bureau
AddfMt
PP1
PO Box 692, 29000 Vitoria. ES
PP3
PC Bok 679, 74000 Golanla, GO
PP5
PO Bo* 224, aeono Florianopolis, SC
PP6
PO Bo* 259, 49000 Aracaju, SE
PP7
PO Box 80P 57000 Maceio, AL
PPfS
PO Bo* 283. 69000 Manaus, AM
PR7
PO Box 160, S8Q0Q Joao Pessoa. PB
PR8
PO Bom 372, 65000 Sao Luiz, MA
PS7
PO Box 25V 59000 Natal, RN
PS8
PO Box 137, &4Q0Q Teresina. PI
PT2
PO Box OJfOOQA. 70200 Brasilia. DF
PT7
PO Box 375, 60Q0Q Fortaleza, CE
PTB
PO Box 149, 69900 Rio Branco. AC
PT9
PO Box DOS, 79100 Campo Grande. MS
PVS
PO Box 148, $9300 Boa Vista. RR
PW8
PO Box 84. 78900 Porto Velho. RO
PY1
PC Box 58, 20001 Rto de Janeiro, RJ
PY2
PO Box 22, 01000 Sao Paulo, SP
PY3
PO Box 2180. 90000 Porto Alegre, RS
PY4
PO Sox 314. 30000 Belo Horlzonte, MG
PY5
PO Box 1455, aOOOO Curitlba, PR
PV6
PO Box 533, 4OQO0 Salvador. BA
PY7
PO Box 1043. 50000 Recife, PE
PY8
PO Box 71 , 68000 Belem, PA
PV9
PO Box 560, 78000 Cutaba Ml
now get on the air with their own net fre-
quencies to chew the fat about old times.
We also have the lifetime SWL who
could not pass the previous license test
for Ihe full calf, but now, due to the Novice
license, with a bit of study is able to trans-
mit to stations he has logged as an SWL
over many years
In conclusion, due lo the upsurge of CB
rad>o we have had both gains and losses,
and only time wilt tell if it has been good
for amateur radio in Australia. I do person-
ally feel, however, thai with the advent of
the latest toy, namely a cordless tele-
phone with a 9-krn range (together wtth
other as-yet-un tested frequency damag-
ing devices being imported into this coun-
try), we may suffer an unptecedented in-
terference problem on ihe amateur bands
and commercial frequencies.
The extent of such Interference could
be such that the Department of Communi-
cations (DOC) may have some difficulty in
controlling it, as m past instances with 27
MHz_ There Is some ray at hope, nowevef ,
since at this very moment a new Act of
Parliament {Radio Communications Sill}
is in the final stages of debate and ts ex-
pected to pass the Senate shortly When
this occurs, the Department ot Communi-
cations will have little difficulty In obtain-
ing a prosecution against illegal opera-
tions, since the mere possession of trans-
mitting equipment without a license or
just cause will be an indictable offense.
BRAZIL
Gersor* Rissin PYtAPS
POBox 721 78. Copscatana
20000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ
Brazil
Carlos Vienna Carneiro PYWC
Rua Aionso Pena 49t Apt, 701
20270 Rio de Janeiro. RJ
Brazil
OSL BUREAU
The Brazilian amateurs who are mem-
bers of the League (LABBE) may use the
OSL Bureau to send and receive their OSL
cards, free of charge. In this way, each
QSL Bureau handles thousands of cards
monthly and It is easy for us to spread out
our QSL cards around the world. Inside
Brazil, the service is very good and fast.
The QSL travels from one Bureau to
another in only one day.
Working so well, it is not difficult to re-
ceive a Brazilian card via the Bureau after
a short time. Foreign amateurs may also
send their QSL cards to Brazil, addressing
them to the OSL Bureau when they are not
able to find out the right direction. The
QSL Bureaus are located in all capital
cities {see box J, The main one is Jn Br as Il-
ia* the Federal District.
RESULTS OF THE
HUNTING LIONS ON THE AIR
CONTEST^- 1 9*3
The principal objective of this contest
Is to create and foster a spirit of interna-
tional understanding and cooperation
among Lions and ham- radio operators
through worldwide communications- The
contest is held in tribute to the birthday of
Meivtn Jones, Ihe founder of Lionism, It is
sponsored by Lions and coordinated by
the Rio de Janeiro (Arpoador) Lions Club,
About 13,000 contacts were made
among stations located in 114 countries.
In the Single-Operator Class— Phone* the
winner was VK6NO. followed by K70X.
ZD&JD. 2L1SZ, and PY1BPE. In the Single-
Operator Class— CW, the highest score
was for the very welt-Known operator Tim
Chen BV2A, followed by PY2A$VT OH60C.
K4EBT* and OHSSV. For the Club Station
Class— Phone, the winner was GJ3DVC,
the Jersey Amateur Radio Society, and m
CW, CT1ARS. the Southern Radioamateur
Association of Portugal.
MCG AWARO
Sponsored by the Morse Clube Gaucho
(Cw Groupi. the MCG Award is available
to all licensed amateurs for confirmed
contacts with 5 (five) different MCG mem-
bers. Contacts must have been made after
May 1. 1980. on any amateur band, only
two-way CW mode. No QSLs. Send GCR
list of stations worked (call, date, time,
band, mode, and report} and 5 IFtCs for
mailing expenses to: MCG Bureau, PO
Box 2180, 90000 Forte Alegre. RS, Brazil .
For SWLs, the same rules apply.
MCG members: PY3AVF, PY3A2L.
PY3AKS: PY3AZ, P¥3AOh PV3BCP
74 73 Magazine • February, 1984
PY3BYCP PY3BVt, PY3BQG. PY3BCD.
PY3CMH. PY3CJI. PY^CFD, PY3CM2.
PY3CKI, PY3CNY, PY3COR, PY3CGJ,
PY3CGW, PY3CEM. PY3FMC, PY3FJ,
PY3FS, PY3HR PY3HS, PY3JJ, PY3UM,
PY3MU PY30H. PY30S, PY3PQ, PY3PR.
PY3SM, PY3TT, and PY3ZZ.
THREE STARS AWARD
Sponsored by the David Barros Scout
Group. GREDB, (be Three Stars Award is
available to all licensed amateurs for corv
tinned contacts with 2 (two! GREDB mem-
bers plus a contact with PY1EDB rthe
group station) and contacts with three dif-
ferent Brazilian prefixes. Contacts mast
have been made after January 1, 1962, on
any amateur band and any mode. No
QSLs. Send OCR list of si at ions worked
(call, date, lime, band, mode, and report),
your personal QSL and 10 IRCs for mail-
ing expenses loi GREDB, PO Box 20033.
£1 022 Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brazil.
GHEDB members: PYls ABKn AFA.
AMG, ATR. AW, AWA, AZF, BCZ, BON,
BGI, BLG, BM, BPU, BUF, BV. BVB. CBG,
CBW, CC. CCO, CCE, CCK, CCO, CDA,
CGB, CKL. CKV. GKY, CU, COA, CPC,
CQV. CJPH DGO, DED, DIA, DWP, DMX.
EEX, ELU, ENN. EHD, ER, FPh IP, IR, NE.
HI. TBG, TBW, TCI, TFU, TFQH TFW, THH,
TNV, TOM. TFH. TPW, TTF, TTH. TUP,
TUQ. UBX, UVP, USU, VBR VIZ. VKK, VOP.
VTU VXO. WFR. WHO. WIO, WIR, WTA,
XMK, XW. XRX, KXP. YDO. YJD, PY2BI.
and PY48CF,
JUBILEE OF LABRE
On February 2, 19&4T the Brazilian Ama-
teur Radio League [LABRE) will celebrate
its 50th annivefsary- The IV Brazilian Con-
vention joining amateurs o! the whole
country will be held in Brasilia, the Feder-
al District, for mis purpose.
tides the meetings and parties, etc..
the convention will sponsor a lot of tourist
happenings tor those who haven't had the
opportunity to know the capital city yet In
collaboration with LABRE, three excellent
hotels will offer special prices for the
amateurs,
Valmir J. Perelra PT2FA, President of
LABRE, will do all he can to promote un-
forgettable events. For further informa-
tion, please write to LA9RE, PO Sox
070004. 70000 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
GSF-DX
To provide information (or Brazilian DX-
ers. Luc PT7WA with a group of PT7
friends established the QSP-DX Bulletin.
In the bulletin, written in Portuguese, we
can find details about DXpeditions. con-
tests, rare countries on the air. OS L infor-
mation and everything interesting to the
DXer. especially the newcomer.
The bulletin is Wmonthty; after the sec-
ond issue, about 150 amateurs had al-
ready subscribed. The subscription fee Is
only enough to pay the printing and matt-
ing expenses. 11 you want to provide the
bulletin with any DX Information, please
write to QSP-DX, Rua Ageu Romero 63,
60000 Fortaleza, OE, Brazil,
CWMG AWARD
Sponsored by the Mlnas Gerais CW
Club (CW Group), the CWMG Award Is
available lo all licensed amateurs for con-
firmed contacts with 5 (five) different
CWMG members. Contacts must have
been made after May 1. 1978, on any ama-
teur band, onty two-way CW mode. No
QSLs. Send GCR list of stations worked
(call, date, time, band, mode, and report)
and 6 IRCs for mailing expenses to:
CWMG Award. PO Box 314, 30000 Beta
Hofizonte, MG. Brazil.
CWMG members; PY4AAF, PY4ABI.
PY4ACV. PY4AD. PY4ADW, PY4AFP.
PY4AH, PY4AM, PY4AP, PY4APF,
PY4AQU PY4AOM, PY4AUB, PY4AUN.
PY4BAT. PY4BCR, PY46LR PY4BM0,
PY4B2S, PY4BW, PY4CMG. PY4CO,
PY4DD. PY4DMr PY4DS, PY4QT. PY4HR,
PY4IF. PY4IR. PY41S, PY4JD, PY4KS.
PY4LB, PY4U, PY4MA, PY4MG, PY4DA.
PY4O0, PY40P. PY4PR PY4RA, PY4RL
PY4SM. PY4SS. PV4ST, PY4WG, PY4WAS,
PY4XUP. PY4ZI, and PP2Z1-
GMPR AWARD
Sponsored by the GMPR Group of CW,
the GMPR Award is available to alt li-
censed amateurs for confirmed contacts
with 6 (six) different GMPR members. Con-
tacts must have been made after July 30,
19&2* on any amateur band, only two- way
CW mode. No QSLs, Send GCR list ol sta-
tions worked (cald date, lime, band, mode,
and report), your personal QSL. and 10
IRCs for mailing expenses to; GMPR
Award, PO Box 4143, 80000 Curitiba, PR.
Brazil.
For SWLs> the same rules apply.
Endorsements: Besides the six GMPR
members, confirmed contacts with 2, 3. 4.
or 5 stations located in the State of
Parana (PY5| earn an endorsement. It is
not necessary that they be GMPR
members.
GMPR members: PYSAFG. PY5AFD.
PY5AGX, PY5AGZ. PY5AIO, PY5AIW,
PY5AKX, PY5ALF, PY5AVSL FY5BYC,
PY5CIG. PY5CL PY5CMS. PY5FIT PY5G1.
PY5GJ, PY5HF. PYSIG. PY51J. PY5JL
PY5LA PY5NGA, PYSOE. PY5PMR,
PY5AJE. PY&RT, PY5VX, PY5XFR, PY5ZVV.
andPYiBVY.
de PY1APS
1933 WORLDWIDE SOUTH AMERICA
CW CONTEST
Sponsored by the Brazilian magazine,
Ele frontca Popular, and supervised by the
Argentina GACW group and the Brazilian
PPC Picapau Carioca, the 1963 WWSA
CW Contest was a hit, considering it's
only in Its second year
LiUle by little, slow but sure, hams are
coming to this contest, the only one gath-
ering South American countries and
spreading QSQs all over the world during
24 hours of operation, from 1500 UTC Sat-
urday to 1500 UTC Sunday, the last week-
end In June,
Not only the fun of the party, but also
this FB opportunity of meeting bunches of
still rare South American calls and special
prefixes is raising DXe* s* interest foe this
unique WWSA CW Contest
Argentina's. Uruguay's, and Brazil's
groups and DXers are trying hard to bring
more and more South American countries
to the fun, thus aiming at increasing the
interest of hams in other continents in the
WWSA CW Contest
We sure nope to meet many of you at
the 1984 WWSA CW Contest, to take place
from Saturday. June 9. 1500 UTC to Sun-
day, June 10, 1500 UTC.
CANADA
Cary Hofwywvit VE3ARS
PO Box 2610, Station D
Ottawa, Ontario K1P5W7
Canada
The Department of Communications in
Ottawa recently lifted the requirements for
logging in Canada. For some amateurs, this
3.5 MHz
7 MHz
14 MHz
21 MHZ
23 MHz
Muliiband
Multi-op
idea wwsA
DX STATIONS
YG3HP
LZ1GC
850
Y03CD
600
Y51XE
260
JH3DPB
2.164
W4VQ
1.27B
HB9BPP
364
OK2QX
2.728
E13DP
1,600
Y32KE
1.122
VE1BNN
1.254
td W3GM
27J10
YU4YA
18,492
LZ2DB
14,334
LZtKDP
27,600
SP9KTE
7,296
OK3KEX
5.760
CVW CONTEST
Continental Leaders
Multiband/Multi-op
Europe LZ1KDP
South Am. PY1EDB
27,600
650
Continental Winners
Asia JA1BX 2.132
Europe YU4YA 16.492
North Am, W3GM 27.710
South Am. CX7BY 266.304
action means nothing, as I am sure better
than half of the amateurs across Canada
never logged their activities anyway. Rare-
ly, If ever, was this requirement checked. It
should be remembered, nowever, that log-
ging Is a form of self-defense in thai you
can always refer to your log should you be
accused of an infract ion of the regs
The Canadian Amateur Radio Federation
and the Canadian Division AHRL (CRRU
met at Cobourg, Ontario, during the sum-
mer to finalize a joint submission to the
DOC regarding TFtC24 (the requiremenis for
examination for the amateur service!. Be-
tween the two organizations, every area of
importance was covered.
Each group submitted its own proposal
and it seems that the DOC was open to
these suggestions. The resultant redrafting
of TRC24 should be common knowledge by
this time, A great deal of credit for this work
can be shared by many parties. Art Buck
VE3AHU of Kingston, Ontario, the CARF
General Manager, Ron Walsh VE3IDW, also
of Kingston and one of CARFs Vice-Presi-
dents, CRRL president Tom Atkins
VE3CDM of Toronto, and ARRL Canadian
Division Vice-Director Harry MacLean
VE3GRO of London, Ontario, carried the
amateur flame in a cooperative and con-
structive manner. The DOC was represent*
ed by G. Wmtermeyer from the head office
InOttawa.
The 1963 CARF National Symposium
was held in Halifax. Nova Scotia, during the
middle of October this year. For those of
you who don't know what this is: Amateurs
from across Canada get together once a
year (en masse) to provide direct mpui to
the DOC on matters relating to the amateur
service in Canada. The number of people at-
tending these conferences is not usually
great since most groups of amateurs pro-
vide only written submissions to be read
and considered. This is lai less expensive
than sending a representative across the
country for a one-day event. Full details will
be provided in a future column,
A while back, a group of white caners in
Toronto. Ontario, organized a reception to
express appreciation for the work of an In*
dividual. Bill Choat VE3CO was stepping
down as chief of the CM B amateur radio
operation In Toronto, and some of his
charges wanted him to be recognized for
his efforts in the past, BUI has been in
charge of this group for many years nowr
and through his efforts and the efforts of
SOUTH AMERICAN STATIONS
3,5 MHz CXBDT 1,296
PY2RNJ 64
PY20HJ 8
7 MHz CX5AO 22*160
PY3CF0 2.730
PY5AAZ 280
14 MHz YV5HUJ 60.583
PY5MR 3,312
PY2DRP 2.604
21 MHz PY1DFF 37.904
LU4FC 32,472
PY1BVY 31.044
29 MHz PY1HQ 15,984
PY3XYZ/PP2 10.740
PY10PP 2,640
Multlband CX7BY 266,304
LU9EIE 222,222
PT9EJ 87,720
Multi-op PY1EDB 650
o i hers, many white caners were given the
opportunity to experience the Joys of ama-
teur radio, despite their handicap. Nearly
100 blind and sighted amateurs participal
ed and I think Bill went away with the feel-
ing that all was right with the world.
Canada's national amateur-radio jour-
nal, TCA, has been plagued with postal
problems for several years now. Recently,
an Ontario amateur wrote the Minisier re-
sponsible for Canada Post, complaining
of the late delivery of his July/August
copy. Some time later. I. as editor of TCA,
received a call from a Canada Post em-
ployee who wanted to know when the
magazine had been mailed, When the call-
er discovered that more than three weeks
had passed between mailing and delivery,
She became very defensive and tried to
leave me with the impression lhai the
system was not only better than it was,
but would get better as time went by. She
would not elaborate on what amount of
time would pass before this event, but I
got the distinct impression thai II would
coincide with the '"second coming," or at
least the blooming of century plants.
Speaking of TCA, the November issue
was mailed to every amateur In Canada as
part of a membership drive on be hall of
CARF Canadian amateurs living in the
USA did not receive a copy due to postal
limitations and costs, tf you would tike to
receive one. please write to the Canadian
Amateur Radio Federation, PO Box 356
Station, Kingston, Ontario. Canada KIP
5W7. Depending on numbers remaining,
we may be able to send you a copy. En-
close $1,50 to cover postage and handling
costs (mostly postage). You will notice
that this is also the covet price, so H
balances out
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Rudy OK3KFO
Febmaroveho vit'azstva
955 01 Topot'cany
Czochosio va kia
I have 25 years. I am a member of
Radioclub OK3KFO in Toporcany and
have been an active amateur for 13 years.
My call is OK3CMZ. I hope that you 73
73 Magazine * February, 1984 75
magazine readers will enjoy the informs*
tion I send. P tease excuse that 1 am self-
taught in the English language.
I should like to inform readers of 73
about radio-amateur life In Czechoslova-
kia. In Czechoslovakia, we have approx-
imately four thousand licensed radio
amateurs, not counting 1500 SWLs- The
most activity is in DX work; there is less
activity with contests.
Czechoslovakia is a little republic. One
day a week— Thursday— OK3KAB In Brat-
islava (capital city of Slovakia) broadcasts
about all radio-amateur activity. The pro-
Gram is popular because ft sends quality
Information.
Approximately 10% of the people work
144 MHz and 433 MHz, Over the last 10
years, Czechoslovak! an microwave sta-
tions have reached good places In interna-
tional contests. Other OKs are working
over satellites, and approximately 10 work
EME. Tens of thousands are deeded to
constructing various mechanlsms.
I know my first column Is not very inter-
esting so I would like readers of 73 to ask
for what they would like to know about ac
tivity in Czechoslovakia.
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
M. F. (Tim} Pimentel HWMFP
PG Box 2191
Santo Domingo
Dominican Republic
Some of you have probably worked
Dominican (HI} stations In the 20- or
15-meter band but have been fess fortu-
nate in contacting the other bends and
getting QSLs
To contact and get QSLs from HI Is not
an easy task, and exotic bands such as 6
and 160 meters seem to be "Mission Im-
possible," but even so, there are
possibilities.
To be successful, you first have to know
which station you're looking for, at what
time you should search for It, and last, be
lucky enough to find it. Once you have
made your contact, it will be easy for you
to receive the OSL because there are few
people who work on 6 and 160 and those
who do confirm on time.
in the 6-meter band we have key people
such as Waldo HIBVWC and Domingo
HE8DAF. The same applies in the
160-meter band with Jose HI8JAG, Mike
H1BMRF. and Virgllio HI6VMA. These sta-
tions generally work from 0000 GMT to
0800 GMT Within these times, schedules
could be arranged by sending the above-
mentioned stations a note to Box 1157,
Radio Club Dominicano, Santo Domingo,
Dominican Republic.
Another difficult HI contact Is the one
via satellite. The only representative there
Is Jorge HI8JAF, and he Is on the radio as
long as his business activities allow htm,
Jorge Is one who loves that particular type
of communication, and on the first DX-
peditlon to Beats Island (HMRCD) In 1979,
he made some contacts there. If any of
you are Interested in this particular kind of
communication with an HI, you could
write for additional information to: Jorge
Abbott HfflJAF, Rafael F. Bonely M, Ens.
Evaristo Morales, Santo Domingo Domin-
ican Republic. I am sure he will fix a
schedule and the QSL will get to you
safely.
Another contact mode considered un-
obtainable In HI is CW, In the Dominican
Republic, anybody who expects to get a
ham-radio license is supposed to go
through a CW exam. However, this is only
in theory, because there are no effective
mechanisms to guarantee that It will hap-
pen. For those 1500 that have already
received their licenses, there's nothing to
be done. The practice of CW is restricted
to fewer than 1% of those listed In the
Ca ft book: nevertheless, among them
there are some excellent operators.
In CW, we have two young operators
who are very good. Julito HI3JEI and
Carlos HIBCPT, plus the hardworking
veterans HI3PC, HISLC, HlfiOMB, HISKW,
HIBRPD, and HIBDAR
The Dominican Radio Glub frequently
offers CW courses to its members and
guests; thus It maintains a live spirit in
this mode even though it has lost popular-
ity In our country.
Can you get a contact with a YL in the
Dominican Republic? For chatting there
may be some, but for QSLs and DXs, there
are very few. However, there are some sur-
prises: Charo HIBRPD enjoys DX, works
regularly, works with CW, and sends QSLs
besides. You can also find Aziide HI7HHH
or IVIaritza HtBMSS, and both will send
their QSLs gladly.
Undoubtedly the language barrier limits
many HI ham operators, so communica-
tion is made more difficult, On the other
hand, the small active group in DX knows
English well enough to obtain their con-
tacts. Abed H18IH and Victor HIBVAT look
frequently for DX on 40 and 80 meters, and
the same goes for an active group in the
HI3 zone with Antonio H13AMF leading
them
It is my hope that, with these hints, it
will he easier to get HI stations and your
QSLs, too. Also, for five years, the Domin-
ican Radio Club has had a national cam-
paign among ham-radio operators to stim-
ulate the sending of QSLs, and the results
have been positive. The annual average
has increased more than 70%. The QSL
Bureau is managed by the Dominican
Radio Club and has worked efficiently for
many years.
Before closing, I'd like to add that we
know how Important QSLs are and how
much they mean, especially to DXers, We
will be glad to help you find confirmation
of a contact which was made during (he
past five years; we will help all we can.
ECUADOR
B, Patricio Recatde S. HC2PP
RO Box 511
Guayaquil
Ecuador
July 23 and 24 last year wilt be remem-
bered by the technical department of the
Guayaquil Radio Giub as historical. They
were a Saturday and Sunday. What did we
do?
Wellf a party of amateurs, HC2NW,
HC2CL, HC2IH, HC2LU, HC2NS, and
HC2KYt went up Chimborazo, the highest
volcano In Ecuador (6,310 meters— 18.930
feet). In order to install a 40-meter link In a
2-meter repeater. The Idea became reality
after a mere four weeks of planning. All
Saturday the/ kept working until around
1700 hours, which is late for the altitude at
the repeater (4,400-4,500 meters— 13,500
feet). They did a lot of testing, and now it is
giving the best results,
Now, from all the coast part of our coun-
try, It Is possible to access the repeater from
your car and get through to 40 meters. The
frequency is 7080 kHz, and you'd better
look for Ecuador so you can test the
4Q-meterf2-mefer link.
Getting there was a lot of fun (troubles +
adventures =* fun). Saturday evening;
HC2IH*s car got stuck in mud and snow,
and on the way out, the steel bar that keeps
the front wheels aligned broke loose. Well,
at that time and In that place, all that was
left to do was sleep and wait until the next
day. The hero (?) who slept In the car (with
the engine running, the heater on) was
HC2LU. The temperature was below freez-
ing (0a C), so the car didn't even heat up.
Anyway, on Sunday was a tougher test:
to try to reach the members of an expedi-
tion that was on the Irazu volcano, at 4,250
meters, in San Jose, Costa Rica (Tt}< A lot of
arrangements had been made through the
goodwill and work of TI2KC and HC2EC, At
those heights, the wind, the temperature,
etc., were a challenge; the people at both
places did a good job preparing for the con-
tacts.
In San Jose, they were ready with 101000
Watts FM, SSB, and HF. The fink In 40 me
ters was not working due to the lack of a
better antenna with the Chimborazo expe*
ditlon, so HC2PP was the guy that linked
them all together via 2 meters and 40 me-
ters. While everybody was getting ready,
many amateurs from all places were very
helpful In clearing frequencies and giving
good advice.
Exactly at 12:23 (HQ— 1723 GMT— on
July 24th — the Irazu expedition transmitted
on 146,500 MHz with no results. After a few
tries on FM and SSB on 2 meters, mere
were no positive contacts; the same was
true with the Chimborazo expedition.
Around 1BO0 GMT, we tried through a re-
peater situated where the Ecuadorian expe-
dition was, and we heard three times that
the repeater was activated. No modulation,
but it gave us a nice feeling of something'
Anyway, after two hours, alt the equip-
ment and gear were dl assembled. Our pres-
ident, HC2KG, and the president of the Cos-
ta Rica Radio Club (TI2KC) interchanged
greetings and thanks for all the efforts, and
both confirmed that in the near future, with
more testing, the fink is going to work.
Wei I, they decided to try more testi ng in a
new place, Cerro de la Meurte (Death Moun
tain), that is believed to be better. All ama-
teurs who participated were not frustrated;
we believe it is going to take some more co-
ordinated efforts, and we are positive about
out next results.
There Is another project, and that is to try
to put a repeater on a small island that be-
longs to Panama. Why? Because HC2NS,
on old sailor, did access the repeater
146.895 (-) from that points which is more
than 200 nautical miles from the repeater,
at 4,400-4,500 meters above sea level!
I will keep you Informed, and we are go-
ing to make it[
FRANCE
Claude QueeFlDGY
1 1 flue Emife Labsche
28100 Dreux
France
I would Like to say some words about the
first French association (REF— Ressau des
Emetteurs Franca I s)r founded In 1925,
Some years age-, the situation was rather
confused, but thanks to the work of a new
and very good team, it is now completely re-
versed. We see that REF again has a fine fu-
ture! Furthermore, deailngs with the sec-
ond association (URC— Union des Radio-
Clubs) are more hearty than formerly. At the
beginning, the two were at daggers drawn,
but now they cooperate in facing difficul-
ties (new license examinations, UHF, regu-
lations, etc.),
Some hams and SWLs are getting in
trouble; They have bought general-cover-
age receivers, called "scanners," which un-
fortunately are Illegal here. As a matter of
fact, people are brought up for trial and con-
victed (with a fine and receiver confisca-
tion). However, REF has lodged an appeal.
The law amounts to saying that French
hams have the right to listen only to the
amateur allocations. No comment.
Once again, we have heard on the air that
tickets for part of the 23-MHz band would
be granted without a Morse-code test. Actu-
ally, this is utterly false. It Is a CB rumor
which till now officials have turned down.
On the other hand, new regulations for 27
MHz are generous: 40 channels, 4 Watts
SSB (peak), 4 Watts FM, 1 Watt AM, and the
possibilities of 6<fB-galn antennas. It goes
without saying that CBers are not yet satis-
fied. This band Is so busy that some people
escape to the 6-MHz band,
65-year-old hams without Morse-code
knowledge can ask again for the full li-
censes (F6) without taking the 10>wpm test.
Since the beginning of this year and the
new license regulations, this gift had been
forgotten.
A new ham magazine is born: Megahertz.
Covering microcomputers, astronomy, pri-
vate FM broadcast, and of course all ham
activities, this third French ham magazine
looks promising and means that amateur
radio in France enjoys good health!
^ik£
GREAT BRITAIN
Jeff Maynard G4FJA
W Crturchftefds
Widnes WAS 9RP
Cheshire
England
One of my particular interests is RTTY
[WAC and some 70 countries worked to
date). The RTTY enthusiast over here is well
looked after by BARTG. the British Amateur
Radio Teletype Group, which promotes
RTTY activities, contests, and awards, ad-
vises on RTTY matters, transmits a RTTY
bulletin, and publishes the BAffTG newslet-
ter. (Readers interested In Joining BARTG
should write to the Membership Secretary,
Mrs, T. Crane, Greta Woods, Bromley Road,
Ardleigh, Colchester CQ7 7SF, En-
gland—dues are about US$5 per year.)
A recent SARTC3 survey reveals that
about 65% of its members still use tradi-
tional clanking teletypes for their RTTY
with the Creed line (444, 54. 7, etc.) being by
far the most popular. Even more surprising,
to me at least, was the comment that a
number of stations have 4 or 5 such ma-
chines In constant use. I am not sure that
the floor of my shack (In the house loft)
would stand the weight of even one such
machine. I am sure though that the rest of
the family would rebel at the noise from a
traditional teletype,
Something like 34% of BARTG members
use electronic RTTY systems or home com-
puters (with 5% using AMTOR). Commer-
cial units are best represented by the Micro-
wave modules line although Mai has cap-
tured about 13% of the UK market .
With my own aH-efectronIc RTTY station
(Dovetron terminal unit, Extel VDU, and ma-
Con tlnu&d on pege 118
76 73 Magazine * February, 1984
Dave Schmarder N2D5
1 \ Beaver Avenue
Beaver Darm N\ J 4m 2
Convert the Oddball
Hy-Gain Board
Some of these boards have two crystals and some have three.
Now you can put them all on 10-meter FM.
Recently, the popularity
of the Hy-Cain surplus
boards has been tremen-
dous However, there are
several types of these
boards on t ht - market to-
day, and each type requires
a different method of at-
tack The \ -crystal model
with the PLL 02 phase-
tocked-loop chip has been
well discussed in a previous
article.* The board I am go-
ing to discuss is the board
with the part number
PTBMOfHAOX, available
from Surplus Electronics
t otp}
The major differences
with this board compared
with the other Hy-Gain
boards i^ the 2<rystal ap-
proach The third offset
crystal has been eliminated
so that all frequencies are
generated by the 10.24
MHz reference crystal The
other crystal, 10 695, is used
to oft set the synthesizer
mixer output by the amount
ot the receiver first if.
This presents three prob-
lems. First, with this mixing
process, the PLL program-
ming is upside down. That
is, if you increase the di-
vide-by-N, the frequency
goes down, and since a pre-
requisite of any of my
IOmeter FM conversions is
a direct frequency readout
system, this makes it a bit
difficult The second prob-
lem is that you cannot de-
cide what divide-by-N
equals which frequency.
Thiv \s decided for you. The
third problem is the odd
5-kHz output frequency By
that I mean that when this
conversion is made, we
want the operating frequen-
cy of the transceiver to be
29,600 MHz, not 29,595 or
29.605 MHz. So a change
will have to be made there
All that is done here is to
raise the reference frequen-
cy slightly, making each
channel a few Hertz more
than 10-kHz channel spac-
ing.
Circuit Description
There will be three added
circuits to the original
board. Those are the FM de-
<;tor/squelch board, the
modulator board, and the
frequency-selector board
The FM detector/squek h
board (see Fig 1) consists of
one IC and two transistors
and is designed to interface
the CB board easily. The
2111 IC is a common IC that
is used in television receiv-
ers and scanners. This chip
provides the if limiting and
the quadrature detection
necessary for FM detection.
Transformer T01 is tuned to
455 kHz, and the transform-
er can be obtained from an
old transistor radio. The pri-
mary winding is used.
The noise to operate the
squelch is taken from pin 1
of the IC which is before the
de-emphasis capacitor,
C01. The noise is filtered
and amplified by the two-
A top view of the radio. Notice the mounting of the three
added boards,
This is a bottom look with the cover removed. Next to the
piece of electrical tape is the connection to the input ot the
I M detector/squelch board.
73 Magazine • February, 1984 77
transistor circuit, and the
output is applied to the
base of the audio switch in
the receiver (Q13), The in-
put at C02 is taken from the
secondary of the last i-f
transformer through a short
length of RG-174 coax. The
volume and squelch pots
are front-panel-mounted
The easiest board to con-
struct is the modulator
board (see Fig, 2), The input
is taken from the audio out-
put chip in the receiver. On
receive, this line is shorted
to ground, causing the mod-
ulator to be disabled. The
gain pot provides audio
voltage to the diode clip-
per, which clips the audio
peaks to approximately 12
volts p-p The deviation pot
selects which portion of this
clipped audio is to be ap-
plied to the vco. This pro-
vides for direct FMing of
the transmitter
The third board is the fre-
quency selector board
There are three controls on
the front panel There are
two single-pole, 10-positron
switches, 2950-2959 and
29,60-29,60 MHz. There is
also a three-position toggle
switch [SPOT C-G), used so
that either 29.50-29.59
MM/ simplex, 29.60-29. 69
MH/ simplex, or 29,50-
29.59 transmit and 29.60-
29.69 MHz receive can be
selected. The last combina-
tion is for repeater offsets
A look at the frequency
selector board circuit (see
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Fig. 1. FM detector/squelch hoard. Capacitors are in iiF, 25 volts disc ceramic unless other-
wise noted. Resistors are Va IV.
Fig, 3) shows a diode matrix
and a two-transistor circuit.
The two transistors select
which of the two single-
pole, 1 0pposition switches
gets the 5 volts The switch
that gets the 5 volts is the
switch that is active for fre-
quency selection.
The steering for this cir-
cuit comes from board pin
12, which is operated by the
PTT This pin is high on re-
ceive and low on transmit.
This is what happens: With
the SPOT C-O switch in the
center-off position, the
1<\ hO-29.69 selector ges
the 5 volts on receive and
the 29.50-29.59 on trans-
mit By switching the SPDT
C-O switch to one of the
two other positions, the
switching from pin 12 is dis~
GAIN
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Fig. 2. fM modulator hoard.
abled and locks up to a cer
tain 10-position switch in
transmit and receive.
The diode matrix pro-
grams the PLL-02 IC in the
radio. On the right of the
frequency selector circuit
are the binary weight values
for the PLL-02 tt\ along
with the pins to which the
wires must be conne* ted
Along the top are listed the
total binary weighting
values for the various
switch positions. Next to
the switch positions are the
last two digits of the
operating frequency, The 5
volts to operate this circuit
is brought from a 5-volt
regulator which is part of
the Hy-Cain board.
Construction
First, a few modifications
to the Hy-Cain board must
be done. Connect board
pins 38 and 39 together Re-
A close-up of the PLL-G2 IC. The thick wires go to the fre-
quence selector board, and the thin wires are the circuit
changes made to the PLL4)J circuit
7a 73 Magazine • February, 1984
A close-up view of the frequency selector board, showing
how the diodes are installed and the 20 bare w fres that go to
the selector switches.
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Fig, 3. frequency selector board
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— > WHITE >
-> BOARD PIN 22
-> RED
-> 10ARO PIN f3
-> BLACK >-f
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shields
•7 BLUE >
BOAAD PIN 4
-> BOARD G3
+ 11 VOLTS >-
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- 12 VOLTS >
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-> BOARD PIN I
BOARD PIN 2
BOARD PJN 23
POWER
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-> BOARD PIN 3
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Fig. 4. Other hookups.
move R69, R71, D13, RV2,
and C12. Connect a wire
from board pin 20 to where
the cathode of D1 3 was. To
modify the PLL chip wiring,
first isolate PLL IC pin 7
from the original wiring.
Connect PLL IC pin 7 to PLL
IC pin 8. Run a wire from
PLL IC pin 1 to jumper J4,
The other connections to
the board are shown on the
schematics. The three
boards are made from .1 "-
spacing perfboard
To make the diode ma-
trix, on one side of the pert-
board string 7 bare wires 4 5
inches (11.3 cm) across on
one side. On the other side,
string 20 bare wires perpen
dicular to those on the
other side. Be sure to skip a
row of holes between each
string of wires. Then the
diodes can be placed with
one lead bent over in
through the holes and
soldered.
The FM detector can be
mounted to the square hole
above the BA521 IC with a
small angle bracket The
modulator perfboard can
be glued against the side of
vco coil L1, being sure that
nothing interferes with the
tuning of the coil. The fre-
quency board can be
mounted across the front of
the CB board, standing up
vertically,
Tuning
For tuning, you wilt need
a dc voltmeter, an rf probe,
a signal generator (or a
weak signal from an ama-
teur transceiver), a frequen-
cy counter, and a General
Cement model 9440 tuning
tool * A small hex head
plastic tuning tool is also
handy Nothing ruins a pow-
dered iron slug faster than
trying to tune up with a
regular screwdriver
First, set the transceiver
on 29,60 MHz simplex.
Place a dc voltmeter on pin
6 of the PLL-02. Carefully
tune vco coil L1 until 5 volts
or so is reached. Move the
voltmeter to pin 5 of the
PLL02. Carefully adjust vco
coil LI for 2.5 volts.
Next, attach a dummy
load to the antenna jack.
Place the rf probe on the
base of Q3 (rf predriver).
Adjust T1, L2, T2, L5f and T3
for maximum rf . Then move
the rf probe to the antenna
jack and adjust L7r L11. and
LI 2 for maximum Place the
frequency counter on the
antenna jack, and the
counter should read 29.600
MHz. If the reading is a few
kHz off, adjust trimmer
CT1 If the reading is unstable,
check the vco tuning. Run
through all channels and
see how each frequency
looks. If an error shows,
check the matrix and asso-
ciated wiring.
Now, on receive, place
the dc voltmeter on board
pin 39 and adjust T5, T6,
L14, T7, T8, T9, and T10 for
maximum. Be careful not to
overload. Adjust the quad-
rature coil on the FM detec-
tor/squelch board, with no
signal, for maximum noise.
Later tune when listening to
another FM signal for best
sound.
As a building hint, the
housing for this radio can
be built from aluminum.
The box size is 6" (1 5.24 cm)
by 8:5* (21 6 cm) by 2 5"
(6.25 cm). Two U-shaped
pieces of metal make up
the top and bottom covers
which fit over the ring of
metal which makes up the
main chassis.
That's it Just look at the
way I constructed it. As
they say in the old country,
"Bin Bild sagt tausend
Worte."4 I would like to
thank Bob Russo WB2BMM
for taking the photos shown
here. If I can be of further
help, please write, include
an SASE, and I will try to
help ■
References
t. Knickerbocker K1DCS, Weise
N1XN, Stielau W1WFON2XN,
"CBon 10 FM — best conversion
yet?\ 73 Magazine, January,
1980, p. 117.
2. Surplus Electronics Corp.,
7294 NW 54 St., Miami FL 33166.
3. General Cement Electronics.
Rockford I L 61101, or from your
electronics parts distributor.
4. "A picture is worth a thousand
words/*
73 Magazine • February, 1984 79
barter'n'buy
73 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING
Indtv id ua t (rKwvcommerc ia 1 1
Commercial
RATES
15« per word
■ **•■•*«.- - 3VC per WO*fO
Prepayment by check or money order is required with your ad No discounts or
commissions are available. Please make your payment to 73, Rates lor multiple
insertions are available on request
ADVERTISING COPY
Advertising must pertain to amateur radio products or services, No special
layouts or positions are possible. All advertising copy must be submitted type-
written (double-spaced) and must Include full name and address. Copy limited to
100 words, maximum. Count only words in text. Address, free.
7 3 cannot verify advertising claims and cannot be held responsible for claims
made by the advertiser. Liability will be limited lo making any necessary correc*
t ton In the next avaUable issue. 73 reserves the right to reject any copy deemed
unsuitable,
DEADLINES
Copy must be received In Peterborough by the 5th of the second month pte-
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MATERIALS
Send to Advertising Department, 73, Elm Street. Peterborough NH 03458.
DRESS UP YOUR CLUB1 Jackets, U
shi lis, hats, soon shirts, etc., with your lo-
go or well custom design. Wavelength
Productions, 20-25 120th SU CoJfege
Point NY H356.BN8046
FREE SAMPLE— send stamp. Buy/sell ra-
dio, computer equipment in "Electronic
Exchange/ Box 4Q6E. Forest Lake MN
55025, 8NB049
DEALERS IN SURPLUS TEST INSTRU
ME NTS, microwave equipment, and com-
ponents. Wanted: Late test equipment
(H.P., TekK G.R., Narda, etc.), waveguide/
coax components. Immediate needs: HP,
K382A, R362A, S382C, 432A, 6522A, 415EK
G,R> 874- and 900-senes coax items, G.R.
1633, 1863, 1664 Request want list, Lee
tromes, 1423 Ferry Ave., Camden NJ
00104; (809)-54H200. SNB050
HELP! Cleaning garage— test eqpt.T 6m
and 2m FM gear, tubes, 1000s of service
manuals tor all makes and modets of com*
nwcial FM xceivers 1975 and older Rea-
sonable prices. Send 5ASE tor list. Tom
McLaughlin WB4NEX PO Box 41 1 . Mango
FL 33550: (8t3>£8l-9709 BNB051
WANTED— your unused Teletype™* re-
pair parts High prices paid! Send SASE
for list of Teletypewriter parts and sup-
plies, TYPETRONtCS, Box B673, Fort Lau-
derdale FL 33310; (305V5&3-1 340 after 9:00
pm. N4TT. 9 N 8052
WANTED: Old bugs for my telegraph and
radiotelegraph key collection. I am trying
lo find each make and model of bug manu
lac tu red before 1950. Vibroplex, Martin,
McElroy, Bunnell, Mecograph, MacDon
aid, D & K, Warner, etc Also looking lor
Spark keysH Boston keys, cooties, side*
swrpers, and large Of unusual radiotele-
graph keys 73 de Neat McEwen K5RW,
1128 Midway, Richardson TX 75081,
H2i4)-234 1653. BKB053
ON MARCH 11t 1964. the Morgan County
Repeater Association Quo will sponsor
the Martinsville Hamlest at the Indiana
Fairgrounds Pavilion Building in Indianap-
olis Dealers, vendors, forums, and free
paved parking. Doors open to the public at
800 am Table reservations: Aileen Scales.
3142 Market Place, Bloomington IN 47401.
BNB039
WYOMINGUTAH RANCH LAND, 10
acres, $60 down, S60fmonth FREE Infor-
mation, maps, photographs. Trade equity
fo# ham gear, home computer, test equip-
ment, etc. Owner— Mfke Gauttner K6IC5,
9550-S— Gallatin RrJ.. Downey CA 90240.
BNB001
MOBILE IGNITION SHIELDING. Free
literature, Estes Engineering. 930 Marine
Drive, Port Angeles WA 98362. BNB0O6
QSL MANAGER ALBUM™. Beautiful
I eat her grained vinyl ring hinder tor dls
playing 240 of your prized OSL cards,
30-day guarantee. £1895 ppd or send
stamp for flyer. Walter Beaton WDSDVX,
3760 Cecilia Ave,, Cleveland OH 44109
BNB009
WANTED: Early telegraph instruments (or
my collection. Keys, sounders, call boxes,
registers, meters, and related items m-
cluding pre-1910 paper. Larry Nutting
WD6DTC, 5957 Verba Buena. Santa Bos a
CA 95405. BNB018
COLOR COMPUTER owners — call {212^
441-2807 tor FREE color computer nard-
ware and software catalog or write to
Spectrum Proiecls, 93-1S 86 Drive, Wood-
havenNVl142l.&NB023
FOURTH ANNUAL Ohio State Convention
and Flea Market: Join In the even bigger
"Cincinnati ARRL '84," February 25 and
26. Activities for hams and elec ironies en-
thusiasts: forums, meetings, vendors,
Wouff Hong, women's activities, banquet,
hospitality suite, more. Sure cure for
"cabin Fever." Hospitality Suite Friday
and Saturday nights. The $5 convention
registration includes all convention
awards. Flea market Is $4f space tor two
days— ham and electronics items, only
Write: Cincinnati ARRL 84. FOB 11300,
Cincinnati OH 45211 or telephone (51 3 ^
825-B234. Vendor and exhibitor inquiries
Invited 6N9024
WANTED: Cash paid for used SPEED
RADAR EQUIPMENT Write or call: Brian
WE5TECH
ELECTRONICS
JCOM
IC2AT $219
IC02AT $319
IC25A $319
IC25H $349
JC27A Call
IC730 ........ $599
IC745 $B99
IC751 $1,239
R70 $599
TEN-TEC
Corsair S 1.019
Argosy II $529
2591 2mHT 1289
Satellite Station . $41 9
AZDEN
PC5-30Q $279
PCS-4000/4&00 $209
PCS-4300 $349
YAESU
FT308R
$284
FT230H
S2B9
FT726R ...
$729
FT290R
$359
FT77
... ...... $539
NEW-FT757GX . .
....... t-'Sl I
FT 102
$S99
FT9B0
SI. 339
FT-ONE
■ ■rcaaahaa-r Va» XM 1 I
WESTECH ELECTRONICS is your dealer for Ten-Tec, iCQM, Yaesu, Azden,
Astron. Hy-Gain, Cushcraft. Butternut, Bencher, Vtbroptex. Nye-Viking. MFJt
Qaiwa. Kantronics, Qigimax, and more. Free shipping (UPS brown) on prepaid
orders (Cashiers Check/MO). Prices and availability subject to change; please
call for latest information,
RTE 266. PRESOUE ISLE PLAZA, PITTSBURGH, PA 15239
CALL (412) 733-1555 MT&W 10-6 Th&F 10-8 Sat 10-2 C
R Esterman, PO Box 6141. Northfietd IL
60093; (3 1 2>-25 1 -8901. BNB030
RTTY FDM DEMODULATORS. FDM RTTY
exists on satellites. FM SCA broadcast
subcarriers (e.g.. Commodity News Ser-
vice), and HF radio. Four solid-state syn-
thesized models, NSA surplus, new-used,
$50 to $350 Call.' write for brochure Elec-
ta ova lue industrial. Inc.. Box 376- WF, Mor-
ris Plains N4 07950; (20^267-1117
BNB032
SPECIAL NOTICE— Buy and sen your am-
ateur equipment, computers, and video
equipment on our national computer sys-
tem that you access from your home, etc
Ads are updated daily. Low cost is only
$15,00 per year for unlimited access 24
hours a day. For del aii£7 send SASE. NAR*
WID ELECTRONICS, 61 Bellot ftoad. Ring-
wood NJ 07456. BNB037
TflS-flO IBM RTTV/ASC I l/MORSE Free
specs. Software and hardware schematic,
$24.95 postpaid. KCQ Software, 6319
Boeut Trace, Alexandria LA 71301.
BNB038
ON MARCH 11. 1984, Ihe Morgan County
Repeater Association Club will sponsor the
Martinsville Hamfesl at the Indiana Fair
grounds PaviNon Building In Indianapolis.
Dealers, vendors, forums, and free paved
parking. Doors open lo the puttie at &00
am Table reservations: AJteen Scales, 3142
Market Place. Bloomington IN 47401.
BMBO40
FOR SALE OR TRADE: Swan 100MX
5-oand solid-state transceivet and ac PS
and Heatttkil S&201 amplifier, $325eactv
Wanted: CW transcelvet, W7LHO, (505)-
471-6377. BN8041
BUMPER STICKER- My Favorite Radio
Station is {your callsign)." Display any-
where! Great gift idea. Only $3. Arpress.
Dept. ST, 1556 Hicks Pike, Walton KY
41094. BNB042
PRINTERS: LA36 Decwrlter II with key-
board, variable-width paper, etc, $325.
GDI 1030 with keyboard, built-in modem,
SI 25. W9QH. 11209 Hwy. U. Wausau Wl
54401. BNB043
WWV RECEIVER, $35. Ftf signal generator,
80 kc to SO mc, $35. Hickock tube tester
$30- Audio signal generator, $35 K8KZT,
2255 Alexander, Los Gaos CA 90402.
BNB044
MILITARY TECHNICAL MANUALS for o!d
and obsolete equipment 60-page cata-
log. 13.00. Military Technical Manual
Service, 2266 Senasac Ave,, Long Beach
CA 90ei5. BNB045
RUBBER STAMPS: Name, call, and ad
dress. $3.75 postpaid. US. Floyd Durand
WSYZC, PO Box §7 WesSwego LA 700W.
BNB046
DX HIDDEN ASSET LOOP ANTENNA. Get
on the air, comply wllh nc-vfslble-antenna
rules, from most Indoor locations. Inex-
pensive, easy- to- but Id antenna couples di-
rectly to 50-Ohm coax; no antenna match-
er required. Omnidirectional with vertical,
bi-directional with horizontal polarization.
Vswr typically 1.2:1 at resonance, useful
bandwidth 3 to 5 percent of resonant fre-
quency. Plans and Instructions, $T2.50
postpaid. H. Stewart Designs. PO Box 643P
Oregon City OR 97045, 6NB047
00 73 Magazine * February, 1984
WITH THE R3
NO RADIAL
10, 15, 20 METERS
The R3 half wavelength design eliminates the
— ound radial system required by other ver-
bals, Optimum current distribution gives
ore efficiency and low angle radiation for DX
tmmunlcations.
R3 brings high performance antenna features
those living in apartments, condominiums
or on small city lots. Even If you have plenty of
space, R3's combination of neat appearance
and DX capability make if ideal for your sta-
tion. The R3 includes an integral turner to give
a perfect match across 10, IS. and 20 meters.
The remote tuning feature allows easy finger
tip control as you operate your station.
R3 is a complete antenna system ready to in-
stall In virtually any location from ground level
to roof fop.
FEATURES
3 dB Gain, ref %Awhip
No Radials
360° Coverage
Integral Tuner with
Remote Control Console and Indicator
24 Volts To Tuner
110 or 220 Volt Operation
75 ft (22.9m) Control Cable Included
Only 22ft (67m) High
1 sq ft (.09 sq m) Space
Self Supporting
Stainless Steel Hardware
Mount: Sleeve Type Fits Pipe Up To
1V« in (4.5 cm) die
Can Be Easily Stored and Set Up For
Portable or Temporary Operation
Add up the features— you'll find that you can
have ALL OF THIS PERFORMANCE without
the need to buy tower rotator and associated
hardware. M IS ANOTHER PRODUCT
CHEATED FOR THE ENJOYMENT Of YOUR
HOMY BY THE WORLD RENOWNED
CUSHCRAFT ENGINEERING DESIGN TEAM.
^141
CORPORATION
THE ANTENNA COMPANY
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TELEPHONE 603-627-7877
TELEX 953-050 CUSHSfG MAN
AVAILABLE THROUGH DEALERS WORLDWIDE
**■ See Us! of Advertisers on page 9$
T3 Magazine * February, 1984 81
BOOKS
BOOKS
LIVING ON A
SHOESTRING
Tlie New Weather Satellite
Handbook
Aft the information on the most
modem spacecraft in orbit. This
handbook includes material for
newcomers and experienced satel-
lite watchers* included are hardware
designs and instructions for
building and operating a tracking
station. One chapter covers tracking
wtlh a microcomputer. $83$ BK7383
131 pp.
Living on a Shoestring
Save money by scrounging surplus
and putting it to use. This book
shows you how — at home or in the
ham shack. Projects include cutting
energy costs, building a dome
house, constructing ham gear,
transportation, and more money-
saving ideas. $7.97 8K7393
125 pp.
Jl!iJJ-l±J
I -ram I%iui
QpcUoafa While
BEiiltMnu. \mir€hvn
ft«
GENERAL
LICENSE
STUDY
GUIDE
*?"
Kilobaud Kt ass room
Learn electronics with this hands-on
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tronics projects starts with simple
concepts and takes you on to
building your own small computer.
You V team electronics theory and
get the practice you need to master
digital electronics. $1435 BK7386
393pp.
A Guide to Ham Radio
find out what it takes to
communicate across the globe. This
book answers your questions — from
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station and broadcasting. You'll
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teletype, television, and satellites.
$4.95 BK7327 48 pp.
The Propagation Wteard's
Handbook
This book by one of the best
forecasters in America teaches the
art of propagation forecasting,
You'll read about magnetic storms,
shortwave radio blackouts, long
distance television, interference,
and how they relate to the planets.
S6.95BK73Q2 136 pp.
Study Guides
Join the hams who know what ham
radio is alt about. 73 s study guides
stress learning, not memorizationt
to help you study for the license
exams. The General License Study
Guide and the Novice License Study
Guide provide all the information
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General ticket Rewew questions
included. Novice License Study
Guide $4.95 SG7357 General
Ucmnse Study Guide $695 SG7356
The Magic of Ham Radio
Learn about the special hobby of
ham radio in this account from a
60-year veteran. Jerry Swank has
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The Contest Cookbook
Discover the secrets of contest
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DX. VHF, and 160-meter contests,
with hints on everything from
search and pounce to paperwork.
You'it also learn to make 150
contacts in one hour, $5-95 BK730B
170 pp.
n
■'J
Vbunij
The Select tic™ Interface
You can turn an IBM Select ric I/O
writer into a letter-quality printer for
your computer. The Select ric™
Interface gives you the programs
and step-by-step instructions you
need for Selectric models 2740,
2980, and Dura 1041, With slight
modification, the instructions will
work for venous chips. $12.97
BK73S8 124 pp.
Novice Study Tapes
It's easy to team Novice theory from
cassette. These tapes from the staff
of 73 teach you what you need to
know to breeze through the Novice
written exam, Topics include theory,
FCC regulations, operating skills,
and setting up a station and getting
on the air $15.95 CT 7300 Set of 3
Behind the Dial
You can have access to everything
behind the dial, including govern-
ment communications. This guide
covers designing and using a
receiving installation for the first
100 MHz of the radio spectrum.
Included are electromagnetic
spectrum, surveillance, station
layout, antennas, and more, $4.95
BK7307 57 pp.
SSB. .The
Misunderstood Mode
Discover the secrets of one of ham
radios feast understood areas, This
book presents several methods of
sideband generation* which Witt let
you construct a sideband generator.
$5.50 BK7351 96 pp.
Inside Your Computer
Ftnd out what goes on inside your
machine. Inside Your Computer
explains microcomputer circuits
and how they work. Topics include
chips, interpreters, circuits,
machine language, binary num-
berSi algorithms, ASCII code, soft
ware* and what they all mean to
the computer. Includes many
photographs and schematics.
$12.97 BK7J90 IDS pp.
Code Tapes
Mastering Morse code is easy with
these code practice tapes. This
series of tapes will help beginners
and advanced hams get the practice
they need. All cassettes are 60
minutes Tapes are $4.9$ each, 5
wpm CT7305 6 + wpm CT7306
12 + wpm CT73J3 20 + wpm CT7320
25 + wpm CT7325
VHF Antenna Handbook
A wealth of projects to show you
how to build any kind of antenna.
This book details theory, design,
and construction of hundreds of
VHF and UHF antennas. Included
are dipoJes, phased and parasitic
arrays, polarized and nonresonant
antennas, and more. $5*95 BK7368
94pp.
World Repeater Atlas
Special price on the 1980 edition.
You'll get repeater listings
throughout the world indexed by
location and frequency. Over 50
maps pinpoint 2O00 repeaters
across the U.S. Foreign listings also
Included. $2.00 BK7315 274 pp.
For credit card orders, call toll-free, 1-800-256-5473. Or send your order on a separate piece of paper to: Wayne Green Books. Retail Sales,
Peterborough, NH 034Sd. Be sure to include the book htle, order number, and price. Postage and handling is $1-50 for the first book, ShOO for each
additional book Foreign air matt is $10.00 per book. Check, money order, or complete credit card information must accompany your order. If you have
questions about your order, wrtte customer service at the above address.
82 73 Magazine • February, 1984
SOCIAL EVENTS
Listings in this column are provided free of
charge on a space-available basis The to*
lowing mformatton should be included in
every announcement: sponsor ; event date,
time* place, city, state, admtsston charge fit
any/, features, tatk-m frequencies, and The
name ot whom to contact for further informa-
tion. Announcements must be recerved by 73
Magazine by the first of the month, two
months prior to the month m whtch the event
takes piece. Meti to Editorial Offices. 73 Mac- .
azine. Pine SU Peterborough NH Q34&
TRAVERSE CfTY Ml
FEB 11
The Chenyfarej Amateur Radio Dub
will hold its lOtti annual swap and shop on
February 11. 198-4. ftom BrOO am to 1:00
pm, at Ihe Immaculate Conception School
Gym, 2 blocks south and 1 block west of
the intersection of M-37 and M-22. Tra-
verse City ML Registration will be at the
door. Talk-in on 146.25/85. For more infor-
mation, call Jerry Cermafc K8YVU at{6l6>
947-4843.
MANSFIELD OH
FEB 12
The Mansfield Midwinter Hamfesi/Auo-
tion will be held on Sunday, February 12.
1984, beginning at B:0O am, at the Rich-
land County Fa if grounds, Mansfield OH.
Tickets are S2,Q0 in advance and S3.00 at
the door. Tables are $5.00 In advance and
$6.00 at the door. Half tables are avail-
able. Talk in on 146.34^,94, For additional
information or advance tickets and tables,
send an SASE to Dean Wrasse KB0MG, 1094
Beal Road, Mansfield OH 44906, or phone
(4l9)-589-24l5,
MELVILLE NY
FEB 19
The Long Island Mobile Amateur Radio
Club will hold the LIMAHC indoor Hamtalr
'84 on February 19, 1a84, from 0900 to
1600, at the Electrician's Hall, 41 Pinelawn
Road, Melville NY. Admission is $3 0(5
each for everyone- Table reservations are
$10,00 each, payable in advance to Bob
Reed WB2DIN, 2970 Valentine Place,
Wantagh NY 11793. Food and refresh
ments wHJ be available Talk-in on
146J2S/148^5 {VY2VUR} Of 14652 simplex.
For additional information, contact At Fla-
pan WA2FBQ at {5l6}79fr2965 or Hank
Wenet WB2ALUV at (516^84^322.
LANCASTER PA
FEB 19
SERCOM. Inc.. and the Red Rose Re-
peater Association will sponsor the 1964
Lancaster Hamfest on Sunday, February
19, 1984, from 0600 to 1600, at the Guerrv
sey Sates Pavilion, US Routes 30 and 896,
Lancaster PA. General admission is $300
for all hams and dealer personnel;
tail gating is free with general admission,
weather permitting. CommerciaJ tables
{main hall} are $15.00 and noncommercial
tables (rear annex) are $6.00, Talk -in on
146.81 and 147.015. For reservations, send
a check payable to SERCOM, Inc., to HaJtv
fest Committee. PO Box 6082. Lancaster
PA 17603
ELKIN NC
FEB 19
The seventh annual El kin Winter Ham-
tesl will be held on Sunday, February 19.
1984, at the El km National Guard Armory,
located two miles off Interstate 77 at Exit
8S In 61 kin NC, Doors wilt open to the pub-
lic al 0630. and breakfast and lunch will be
served at the hamfest by Ihe Foothills
ARC of Wilkesboro NC and the Briarpatch
ARC ol Galax VA, Talk-in on 144.77/145,37.
146.22.82, and 147.69/. 09. For table reser-
vations {which are limited) or other infor-
mation contact either George Reeves
WD4BMG. Route 6, Box 412. North Wilkes
boro NC 2B659. (913^670-2803, or Tommy
Llneoerry WD4BTF, 308 Poplar Street,
Galax VA 24333, (703)-236^424.
GLASGOW KY
FEB 25
The annual Glasgow Swapfesi will be
held on Saturday, February 25, 1964. be-
ginning at 8:00 am Central time, at the
Glasgow Flea Market Building. 2 miles
south of Glasgow, just oft highway 3 IE.
Admission is $2.00 per person. There is no
additional charge for exhibitors. The first
table per exhibitor wilt be free, and extra
tables will be available for $3.00 each
There will be a large heated building, free
parking, free coffee, and a large flea mar-
ket. Talk-in on 14&34J.94 or t47,63/r03. For
further information, write Bemie Schwitz-
gebel WA4JZ0, 121 Ada i Hand Court, Glas-
gow KY 42141,
FRIDLEY MN
FEB 25
The Hobbmsdaie Amateur Radio Club
will hold its 3rd annual Midwinter Mad-
ness Hobby Electronics Show on Satur-
day, February 25, 1984, from 9:00 am to
3:00 pm, at Tot i no-Grace High School,
1350 Gardena Avenue NE, Fridiey MN (a
Minneapolis suburb). Admission is S3.00
in advance and $4.00 at the door. There
will be manufacturers and dealers of ham,
computer, satellite, and R/C gear, as well
as seminars and a flea market. Talk- in on
146.52 simplex or the 147.60/. 00 repeater
(KiLTC). For more information, contact
Robbinsdale ARC, PO Box 22613, Rob-
binsdale MN 55422* or call Bob al
(612^533-7354.
AKRON OH
FEB 26
The Cuyahoga Falls ARC will hold its
30th annual electronic equipment auction
and hamfest on Sunday, February 26.
1984, from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm, at North
High School. Akron OH. There is easy ac-
cess from the Tallmadge Avenue off -ramp
of North Expressway (ftte. 8). Tickets are
$2 50 In advance and $3,00 at the door.
Some tables are available for $2-00 or sell
era may bring their own; advance reserva-
tions are advised Talk-in on ,87/_27. For
more details or reservations (please in-
clude an SASE). write CFARCt PO Box 6.
Cuyahoga Falls OH 44222, Table reserva-
tions may also be made by calling Bill So-
vmsky KSJSL at {216>923^3&M and will be
held until 9:00 am.
EGG HARBOR CfTY NJ
10
City NJ (approximately 15 miles west of At
I antic City), Admission for buyers is $2-50 In
advance and $3.00 at the door sellers" space
IB $5.00 (bring your own table). There will be
8,000 square feet of heated indoor selling
space, and covered I ail gating will be avail-
able, weather permitting. For more informa-
tion, write SPARC. PO Box 14£ Ab&econ NJ
08201.
INDIANAPOLIS IN
MAR 11
The Morgan County Repeater Associa-
tion Club will hold the Martinsville Ham
test on March 11. 1884, indoors at the In-
diana State Fairgrounds Pavilion Build-
ing. Indianapolis IN Admission is $4.00 at
the door. Premium tables are $30,00 each,
fiea-mafket tables are $8.00 each, and
flea-mark el space without a table is $1,00.
All tables must be reserved in advance
and setup w*lt be Saturday, March 10,
from 1:00 pm to <j*O0 pm Space setup will
be Sunday, March 1 1 . from 6:00 am to 6:00
am. There wJtl be free paved parking Talk-
in on 147.21 and 146.52 simplex. For more
information or tabte reservations, send an
SASE to Aiieen Scales KC9YA. 3142 Mar-
ket Place. Bloommgton IN 47401 before
March 1.
WINCHESTER IN
MAR 11
The Randolph Amateur Radio Associa-
tion will hold its 5th hamfest on Sunday.
March 1 1 . 1884, from 8:00 am to 5:00 pmT in
the National Guard Armory. Winchester
IN, Ticket donation is $3,00 and children
under 12 years old will be admitted free.
Table space <by reservation onfy) is $5.00
with a table and $2,50 without. There will
be a flea market, dealers, programs, food,
and drink. Setups will be on Saturday from
6.00 pm to 8:00 pm and on Sunday from
6:00 am to 8:00 am. Talk in on 147,90/,30,
224,90^23.30, and 146,50. For reserva-
tions and more information, contact
RAftA, 8ox 203, Winchester IN 47394, or
phone Jake Ufe W9VJX at (317) 584-9361.
MIDLAND TX
MAR 17-18
The Midland Amateur Radio Club will
hold its annual St. Patrick's Swapfest on
Saturday and Sunday, March 17-18, 1984.
at the Midland County Exhibit Building,
east of Midland TX on the north side of
Highway 90, The hours on Saturday are
from 10:00 am to 8:00 pm and on Sunday
from &00 am to 2:30 pm. Registration is
$5.00 in advance and $6.00 at the door; ta-
bles are $6.00 each. Refreshments will be
available. Talk-in on .16/76 and ,33f.93
For further information and reservations,
please contact Midland Amateur Radio
Club, PO Box 4401, Midland TX 79704.
DAYTON OH
APR 27-29
The 1984 Dayton Hamvent ion's interna-
tional VHFflJHF Conference will be held
concurrently with the Hamvention from
Friday through Sunday, April 27-29. 1984.
at the Hara Arena and Exhibition Center.
Dayton OH. There will be technical forums
by acknowledged experts: noise-hguie.
dynamic-ran§e. and antenna-range mea
surement contests; and a hospitality suite
with refreshments. Technical papers and
presentations on VHFrtJHF topics Of inter-
est are being solicited for consideration
Potential speakers should submit their re-
quests immediately. For further informa-
tion, contact Jim Stitt WA8QNQ VHF/UHF
Conference Moderator. 4126 Crest Manor,
Hamilton OH 45011.
DAYTON OH
APR 27-28
The Dayton Amateur Radio Associa-
tion. Inc., will sponsor the Dayton Ham-
vention on April 27-29. 1964. at the Hara
Arena and Exhibit ion Center. Dayton OH.
Admission, valid for all three days, is $7.60
In advance and $10.00 at the door. The
Saturday evening Grand Banquet and En-
tertainment is $14.00 in advance and
$16,00 at the door, Harry Dannals W2HD.
past president of the ARRL. will be the
featured speaker. Because seating is lim-
ited, early reservations are requested
There will be a giant flea market starting
at noon on Friday and continuing all day
Saturday and Sunday. Flea-market space
is $15.00 for all three days and will be sold
in advance only. Entrance for setups will
be available starting Wednesday and the
special flea-market telephone Is (513)-
2230923, Other features will include fo-
rums, awards, and exhibits. For special
motel rates and reservations, write Ha pre-
vention Housing, Box 1288, Dayton OH
45402; no telephone reservations will be
accepted. Address a it other inquiries to
Box 44, Dayton OH 45401, or phone (513)-
433-7720. Please send advance registra-
tion checks to Dayton Hamvent ion, Box
2205, Dayton OH 45401.
FCC
Reprinted from the Federal Register
The Shore Points Amateur Radio Club,
Inc. will ho*d The Spnngfest '84 on Saturday
March 10, 1984, from 930 am to 4:00 pm. at
the Atlantic County 4+1 Center, Egg Harbor
Change* In Procedures for Approval
of Proposed Antenna Structure* In the
Amateur Radio Service;
Announcement of Effective Data and
Correction
agency: Federal Communications
Comma si ion.
ACTION: Final Rule; announcement of
effective date and correction.
Summary: The effective dale of rules
amending this document seta Parts 17
and 07 to change procedures for
approval of proposed antenna structures
in the Amateur Radio Service [2-5-31: 46
FR 10915), The rule amendments were
adopted by the Commission on January
B, 19*1, but their effective date has been
held in abeyance pending clearance of
reporting requirements by the General
Accounting Office. The amendments are
necessary to permit amateur radio
operators to file a single form to obtain
approval of proposed antenna
structures, instead ot the two forms (010
and 714) currently required, Tile effect of
this action is a simplification of the
antenna approval process for both
amateur radio licensees and the
Commission,
The antenna approval form number is
654,
pate The effective date of the rules
changes is January 3. 1984
In | 17.4(h). where there is a blank
space following the word Form, insert
the number 854. in \ 97.45(a), where
there Is a blank space following the
word Form, insert the number 654
73 Magazine • February, 1984 83
AWARDS
Bill Gosney KE7C
Micro*80t inc.
2665 North Busby Road
Oak Harbor WA 98277
Mailing address is Fack 55. S-780, 40
Mocktjafd. Sweden.
Countries located in ITU Zones 17MB are
mj Zone 17— TF; ITU Zone 18— JW, JX,
LA OH. OH*. OJ»TOH«M. OYp OZ ZM.
DX AWARDS FROM SWEDEN Mercian Award
The Bull Award
In order to make Hie province of Dalsland,
Sweden better known and lo Increase the
activity of the amateur? in thai region, the
MeJienjdsRadroOub(SK6CM» decided to »-
sue the Bull Award
To qualify for this diploma* stations in Nor-
way, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark must
achieve i0 points other European stations
must achieve 5 points, and slat tons outside
Europe must Obtain 2 points credit Every
QGO with a radio amateur residing in Dais-
land will Qhe the applicant % potni toward his
or her goal, Sttould you have a OSO with
SK6CM, 2 points will be credited to your total
All bands and modes will be allowed, but on-
ly one OSO with each station will count All
OSOs must be on or after January 1, 197ft.
Contacts via a repeater or satellite will not
count
Applications must list each caiislgn
wonted, date, lime, GMT, band mode, and
the applicant's own name, call, and full mail-
ing address, OSLs am not required. General
certification rules apply The award fee is 5
US dollars or 20 Swedish kroner Send your
application and award fee to Melleruds
Radio Club. 464-00 Mellerud, Sweden,
As of April 25. 1979. Ihe following ama
teurs would qualify lor contacts to obtain
this award: SKGCM. SM6s AGW. AU, AMU.
ASJ. AWZ, BEfl, BGG, BLE, BOT. BPX, CGI.
CJK, CLX, CMKr CNC, COY, COZ, OQK. CUA.
CWK. CYUH OKI). DXY, EQI, EPA, ESW. EUC,
EOT. FCMH FFK, FLR, FNE, GAS, GDP, GWR,
GQJ, HQZ, HRL IHF. JJZ JKB> JMA. JOD.
JOG, JGM, JOO, JQA, JAB, JRY. JUJ, KFAh
KFB, KFF, and ST,
TheSWL Activity Club of Sweden and their
award manager were very kind to send me
complete award program information about
the two major OX awards being offered by
their organization.
Worked All Zone- 14 Countries Award
This award is available lo amateurs In
three levels of achievement: Class A— work
27 countries in GO Zone 14 Class B— work
22 countries In CO Zone 14. and Class C—
work 15 countries In CO Zone 14,
There are no band or mode limitations, nor
are there any date restrictions known at this
time Applications for WAZ14CA are sent
with US^OO Or 10 IRCs to SWt CJub Activity,
Fack 55. SJaO, 40 Mockfjard, Sweden GCR
apply
Countries in CO Zone 14 are: CTt, CT2,
C31, DA/OFiOJrWDL DM. EA. EA6. B, F, G,
GDt Gl. OJ, GM. GU, GW, HB9. HB», U, LX,
ON. OY. OZ PA/R SUSKJSM, ZB2, 3A. 4U
fGenevai
Wotted mj Zones i?nS Award
This award Is available to amateurs in
three levels of operation: Class A— work all
countries in mj Zones 1718, Class B— work
7 countries In ITU Zones 17/18, including TF
(Iceland), and Class C— work 5 countries in
ITU Zones 17/1 a
Endorsements will be made available
for single-band or -mode achievements
Applications must be sent to the SWl
Club Activity with 10 tRCs or US$200.
Our good DX friend, Eh and Belrup
SM7COS. enlightened us Willi news about
the cha ri table Morokullen (SJ9WU
LG5LG) activity in the unique "state" on
the Norwegian -Swedish border east of
Oslo, featuring radio calls LG5LG and
SJ9WL and a lot more
Recognizing the independency of this
area, the Morokullen activities have been
stimulated to benefit the handicapped
radio amateurs in Norway and Sweden
Likewise, applicants for the Morokullen
Award find their donated award fees go-
ing to a i d t hese t ess fortunate peopl e , a
cause all of us can be proud to have
assisted.
This unique OX award is available to li-
censed amateurs and SWLs Only con-
tacts after July. 1968, will count. Appli-
cants are asked not to send QSL cards.
GCR apply, Europeans must contact
LG5LG and SJ9WL on two bands and on
different days for a total of four days ol
operation
All other applicants must work each of
these two stations, each on a different
day
You may forward your application to the
attention of Utf Strandberg LA2ZN,
Kong lev, 3, N-22Q0 Kongsvinger. Norway
Please be sure to enclose an award fee of
US$3.00 or 8 IRGs Additional contribu-
tions are most appreciated.
DX AWARD FROM ROMANIA
The Romanian Radio Amateur Federa-
tion takes pleasure In announcing the YO
DX Club Award available to amateurs and
SWL stations the world over.
yo Ox Club Award
To qualify for the YODXC Award, appli-
cants in Europe need to confirm contact
with five YO DX Club members, stations
outside Europe need confirm only two YO
DX Club membership contacts. AU OSOs
must be made after August 23. 1S49, and
may be made on any mode or combination
of modes and any band in the HF. VHF. or
UHF segments.
To apply, have your list verified by at
least two amateurs and send your list with
USS1.00 or 7 *RCs to: FRR fYODXC), PO
Son 1395. R 76100 Bucuresti 5, Romania
As or January 1, 1978, the following YO
DX Club members count towards this
award:
Y02S; ABWT AVP, BA. BB, BN. BS. OU.
BV. CD. FP. GL GZ, IS. KAB\ KAC. KAa
OY. RA, VB. VF.
YOSs AAJr AAQ, AC, AVE, BAA. CR+ OZ,
FF+ FU, JF, JU, JW, KAA. KBC, KSO, NN,
OK. QO, RD. RF, RG» RK, RO. RX. VN. Y2.
Y04s ASG, CS, CT, HWt KAK. KBJ,
KCA, WO. WU, XF,
YOSs: AFJ. AMQ, ATV, AUG. AVN, AY,
BW, DS. KADr KAU. KLA, LC, LD. LP, NB.
NUr N2, UVY.
Y06s: ADM, AW, EX, KAF, KAL, KBA,
KBM, LG, UX, XI.
Y07s: Bl DL DO. KAJ, NA NM, VS.
YGBs: AGZ, CF, DD, FZ, GF, KAE, ItAN.
KGAt ME. MH, OK. OP, RL
Y09S: APJ, ASSt BGVP CN, EM, GP, HH,
HI, HTh IA, IF, KAG, KPD, VI, WL
YO«s: ITU YROA
In YO fand, the suffix for the same
licensed ham is the same for any prefix
DX AWARDS FROM THE RADIO
CLUB OF PARAGUAYO
The All Mediterranean
Countries Award
The AMCA is given for confirmed con-
tacts with Mediterranean countries in
three levels of achievement Class A^4l
countries, Class B— 30 countries, and
Class C— 20 countries. A ZP contact is
obligatory in any class ot award The fol-
lowing prefixes Qualify as valid contacts:
A2, AS, AC3, C31 CP. HA, HB, HBi. HV,
JT. LX. OE, OK, TL TT. TZ, UC2. UD6, UG6.
UH8, tllS, UL7 UM8, UOS. XT. XW9. YA, ZE
ZP, 3D6, 4U1 5U7r 5X5. 7P8. 7Q7. M1(9A),
9J2. 9N1 . 9U. 9X
Ail Zone 1 1 Prefix Award
The A211PX Award is given for con-
ied contacts with prefixes in CO Zone
it as follows: Class A— 30 prefixes, Class
B— 19 prefixes, and Class C— T2 prefixes.
ZP1 to ZP9. PY1 to PYi. and the special
prefixes used for WPX contests are the
only prefixes which quality for this very
difficult award,
Thf Tropica ol
Cancer and Capricorn Award
The TCCA Award Is afforded to those
applicants who confirm contacts with
countries touched by the Tropics of Can-
cer and Capricorn boundaries. A ZP con-
tad is obligatory for this award. For Class
A, 28 country contacts are required from
the 1 1 si below. Class B requires 20 coun-
tries; Class C requires \2 countries The
following prefixes qualify as valid
contacts:
Tropic of Cancer: S2/3, BV, BY, EA9,
KH6. A4, A6, SU, TZP Cfi, VU, XE, XZ, 5A,
STB, 5U7, 7X, 72.
Tropic of Capricorn: A2. CE, C9, LY. PY,
VK. ZP, ZS 2S3, 5R8.
The Diploma Sud-Amerlcs
The DSA Award is given tor conlacts
with couniries located In ITU Zones 12, 1 3,
U. 15, 16, and 73 as follows: Class A— 33
DX countries and 6 ITU zones. Class B—
25 DX countries and 6 ITU zones, and
Class C— 18 DX countries and 5 ITU
zones,
Countries which are qualifying con-
tacts are:
Zone 12— FY, HC, HC8> HK, HK«
{MalpeloK OA, PZ. fla YVt CP1/B/9-
Zone 13— PY6/7/S, FYt (Fernando de
Nofonha). PY0 iSl Paler. St Paulf,
Zone i4-CE1Jav«S^ CE«K CE6Z,
CP2/3/4/5J6/7, ZP, CX. LU-AjU/Y.
Zdm 15— PY 1^3/4^9, PYI (Trlnwted
island).
Zone 16— CE677/8. VPQ (Falkland), LU-
VAW/X.
Zone 73— KG* US P. LUZ CE9AA/AM,
VPS (Graham Land), VPS (Georgia}. VPS
(So. Orkney). VP8 |So. Sandwich). VPS (So.
Shell arid}
Diploma Paraguay
The DP Award is given for confirmed
contacts with five different ZP stations.
Stations in South America are required to
contact 1 5 ZP operators,
Worked All ZP
The WA2P Award is being offered to
amateurs making at least one confirmed
contact with ZP siaiions in each of ihe ZP
cell diet nets. ZP 1-ZP9.
Diploma Depart meni os Del Paraguay
The DDP is given for confirmed con
tacts with the nations capital and differ-
ent departments into which Paraguay is
divided. Class A requires 20 contacts;
Class 8 requires 16 contacts; Class C re-
quires 12 contacts
Departments by prefix are: ZP1 — Bo-
queron, Chaco, Nueva* Asuncion,
ZP2— Altos. Pte. Hayes; ZP3— Amambay,
Conception; ZP4— Canendiyu, San Ped-
ro; ZP5— Asuncion i nation's capital I: ZP6
—Central Cordillera, Paraguan; ZP7—
Caaguazu. Caazapa, Guaira; ZP8 —
Mi si ones, Neembucu. ZP9— Alto Parana,
(tapua.
Contacts must be made on or after May
15. 1952, to qualify for any of the awards
sponsored by the Radio Club of Paraguay,
A cetlrfied Hst of contacts with a fee of 5
tRCs tor each award should be sent to
Elto Donna ZP5CE Award Manager, RC
Paraguayo, PL Box 512. Asuncion,
Paraguay.
3905 CENTURY CLUB
AWARDS
Representing the 3905 Century Quo,
Bill Herbert WA2ZYM wriies to snare with
us the various awards available to ama
teurs who frequent their net operation,
The 3905 Century Club Is basically a
WAS (Worked All Statesj net which grew
out of the old Bicentennial Net on 30
meters back in 1976. The net now oper-
ates dally on 40 and 80 meters, OiOO
-050QZ on 7.233 MHz and 05GXMS800Z on
3,905.
Naturally, as time went on. It became
apparent that an awards program ol some
kind was in the offing. As amateurs work
each other on the band, they gather a
point per contact. Once 100 points are
earned, you become a full fledged mem-
ber of the club and are issued a certificate
to illustrate your affiliation.
As members continue their contacts on
the net, several levels of achievement are
recognized, with the ultimate being the
1,000-Point Award, which Is certainly no
overnight venture.
Among the certificates afforded net
participants is the 3905 Century Club
State Capitals Awards, which requires the
applicant to contact at least 35 state cap-
ital cities. Endorsements are given for 40,
45, and the maximum of 50 state capitals
worked on the sponsor net
HAROAA AWARDS
We believe the many long hours of dedi-
cated operation should not go unnoticed,
nor should the high degree of enthusiasm
of amateuM-adio operators go neglected
in their pursuit of self -set goals. That Is
why we have an awards column in this
magazine and why I introduce lo you the
awards and certificates made available by
HAROAA.
As we review each one individually, we
find that all their awards are of highquaii
ty and will make a very impressive addi-
tion to any radio shack.
GCR apply in making application for
HAROAA Awards. Each award Is two dot
tars or 5 JRCs, At your request, special en-
dorsements will be added for CWr SSB,
RTTYr SSTV, FM. QRP, All Y1_ or single
band. There is no date restriction on con-
tacts made and satellite contacts are
permitted.
HAROAA DX Award
For this, the most popular of all
HAROAA achievement awards, the appli-
cant is awarded recognition tor contact-
ing 10 DX stations. Endorsements are also
given for 25, 50. 75, 100, 200. and 500 DX
64 73 Magazine • February. 1984
contacts. Keep in mind we are not speak
ing of OX count f ips. but instead, DX "con-
tacts." which makes this award uniquft-
GhUl Llkn Award
This award requires one contact Irom
each state bordering the Great Lakes:
New York, Pennsylvania* Ohio1 Michigan,
Indiana, lUJoois, Wisconsin, and Mm-
nesota.
Insomnia Award
This award is earned for communicat-
ing with a single amateur station any-
where In the world for a minimum ol one
hour between the hours of 1:00 and 5:00
am, Truly a super conversation piece lor
any ham shack.
Sup«r Certificate Hunters Award
This award is designed for the serious
certificate hunter. To earn this award, you
must have a m mi mum of ten amateur-
radio awards in your possession Simply
list these awards on your application and
note the certificate number of each spe-
cial endorsements are given for your cof-
lection of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 100 plus.
Officio I Traffic Handler Award
This award »s a self-issued achieve-
ment, allowing you to display the fact that
you are indeed an official handier of radio
traffic.
MAROAA Super Opera lot Award
This certificate is rendered for Those
providing a service on behalf of amateur
radio, such as weather observer, public
service, emergency, helping a new ham,
providing communications for a commu-
nity function, etc. The requirements are
for the applicant to briefly describe the
event of service. The officials at HABOAA
will determine whether H deserves this
special recognition.
For your personal copy of HAROAA
award program rules or to apply for any
awards p res en led here, write: HAROAA
Award Program, PQ Box 341, Hinckley OH
44233.
NORAC WINTER CARNIVAL
The North Okanagan Radio Amateur
Club win nave a special station set up dur-
HAM HELP
I need schematics and manuals for the
Halite rafters S77 communications receiv-
er, Heal hk it HR 10 receiver, and Johnson
Viking II transmitter, Thank you,
Shawn Jer in
4-710 West Leila Ave.
Tampa FL 33516
Has anyone had any trouble building
the "Down Under Depth Sounder" iJuty,
1983)? Mine won't work.
C. G Wort ham N9AKD
26 W. 559 ftoijef s Ave.
Warrenville 1L 60555
I wonder it anyone has a parts catalog
so that us old-timers can find radio and
ham gear such as transformers, coils,
chokes, and hard-to-frnd tubes.
Clarence L- Frady
I207-A0ld70 Ws*l
Black Mountain NC 2871 1
Needed: schematic for a DSi counter,
Model 5600 A Happy (o pay reproduction
costs.
John E Grave
4211 7lhAve.
flock Island IL 81201
CORRECTIONS
Two errors crept into recent issues, in
November {page 103), we Inadvertently
listed OAiTN as the third-place DX mutti-
op finisher in the 1983 40m World SSB
Championship. The correct call si on is
DA1US
Also, in "tdioi Buzzer for the 1978 Hon-
da Civic" ("Circuits." December, paoe 99),
the bottom three diodes are reversed.
Jack Burnett
Executive Editor
THE ONE STOP SOURCE SINCE 1959!!
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Ing its Winter Carnival (western Canada s
largest}. This is a free award but we would
sure appreciate Si. 00 or 2 IPCs to cover
the postage The award is available to all
amateurs worldwide who contact 3 Ver
non area stations or OSO once with our
club station VE7NOR; any mode or band is
permissible Our special station will be
operating daily from February 1 until
February 12, 19&4, Times will be from
2100Z to 243QZ- Look for us In (he General
portion of each band, about 50 kHz up,
calling XQ Winter Carnival Award."
SCHOLARSHIP HONORS
SENATOR GOLDWATER
In Washington DC on November 9f Sen-
ator Barry Goidwaier {R-Anzonaj an-
nounced to his fellow ham-radio oper-
ators around the world that the American
Radio Relay League had established an
annual £5,000 scholarship awartf m his
honor.
The League will award the scholarship
to a licensed radio amateur enrolled in
col lege- level study of electronics, com-
munications engineering, or a related
Field. The program will be administered by
Ihe ARBL Foundation, Inc., the League's
tax-exempt research and educational
organization,
Gold water, known to thousands of
radio amateurs a s K7UGA, made the an-
nouncemenl from his "ham shack" on Ca-
pitol Hilt. Within seconds after the cere-
monial transmission, Gold water began re-
ceiving congratulatory messages from
ham operators throughout the US and sev-
eral foreign countries.
The tate Vic Dark, League president ex-
plained that Goidwater was selected as
honoree tor the organization s new schol-
arship because his selflessness and
dedication to purpose as a government
servant is widely recognized and deeply
appreciated by both his fellow citizens
and the radio amateurs of our country/"
"Through his amateur-radio involve-
ment. Senator Goldwater has brought fay
to thousands of members of our anned
services." Clark said, recalling that the
Arizona senator opened his radio
facilities for around-the-clock operations
during the Vietnam War to provide a com-
munications link between US military per-
sonnel in Southeast Asia and their
families.
Goldwater, whose interest In amateur
radio dates back to his teenage years,
said the value of ham operators has been
demonstrated repeatedly in times of local
or national emergency
The recent Grenada mission is a case in
point Practically no normal communica-
tions were available to the public Ham-
radio operators quickly opened links with
the Caribbean island, particularly han-
dling messages relating to the safety of
several hundred American students at Si
George's Cottage. It was through these
amateur channels that the press and pub-
lic received most of their Information dur-
ing the early days of the mission,
For a brief while, Americans were once
again reminded of the important role
played by radio amateurs. More often,
though, the crucial contribution made by
ham- radio operators has become "so
commonplace that it often goes unnotic-
ed and uncfediied/ Goldwater said
Information about the schptar sh*p pro-
gram can be obtained from the ARBL
Foundation. 225 Mam St.. Newtngton CT
06111.
*
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73 Magazine • February, 1984 85
NEW PRODUCTS
TC-1 PLUS ATV
TRANSMITTER/
DOWNCONVERTER
P. C. Electronics has upgraded their
TC-1 all-lnone-box 420 -450-MHz fuikiolor
ATV urnt with some new features The new
unit is called the TCM Plus. With more and
more amateurs using computers and
vCRs on ATV. separate video and audio
Inputs were added to the existing camera
and mike inputs Trus allows front-panel
switching back and forth between the
camera and computer, or transmitting the
VCR audio along with voice-over com-
menting using a microphone. It has made
learning Basic computer language over
the air and retransmitting the Space Shut-
tle video and audio easy
Capability tor external 13-8 V dc has
been added to the built-in ac supply for
(hose who warn to go mobile or portable
on battery power during Field Day, emer-
gency services, CAP searches, parades,
marathons, or other public -service events,
A video monitor output is now provided
to enable seeing your own picture exactly
as II is transmitted in order to better set
modulation levels, lighting, etc. This is ac-
compli shea by the built-in diode detector
on the transmitter rf power output strip-
line which then connects to the com-
posite video- monitor line-driver circuit.
The TC-1 Plus has the new TXA5-5 excit-
erfmodulator which features two-frequen-
cy plug-m crystal switching with just the
addition of an SPST switch, Also, the bul-
letin sync stretcher and ht/io power switch
capability enable superior stable color
video if a higher-power linear amplifier,
such as the Mirage 100- Watt D1010N. is
added later or run barefoot at Its greater
than 10 Watt PEP rt output,
The 4M-450-MH* I unable down con-
verter has the low noise NE64535 preamp
stage to dig out the weak signals. It acts
like a super hot UHF TV tuner but covers
only the 70cm ham band when connected
to your TV set antenna input and set for
channel 3 or 4, Both color video and sound
live action ATV are available on your TV
set just as the broadcast stations provide
The standards are the same.
With the TC-1 Plus, the only other items
necessary to get on ATV are a good 70cm
antenna and low- loss coax, your TV set,
and any device with a standard low-volt-
age p-p composite video output common-
ly found on black and white CCTV cam-
eras, home video color cameras and
VCRsr computers. RTTY/video converters,
etc. A Technician class or higher amateur-
radio license Is required for operation and
purchase from P. (X Electronics.
For more information and a complete
catalog of ATV equipment, antennas,
cameras, modules, and accessories, call
or write P. C. Electronics, 2522 Pax son
Lane. Arcadia CA 91006; (8 t8h*4 7-4585,
SOFTWARE PROTECTION
SYSTEM
Software Protection Deuces, inc., a di-
vision of Wayne Green Enterprises, has in-
troduced Copyrigh-ter, a hardware-based
protection system using encryption tech-
nology The Copyngnrer system has been
proven by beta testing to provide pt rate-
proof software protection.
Software to be protected by Copyright
er is first encoded using a Data Encryp-
tion Standard |DES) algorithm which
scrambles the machine code of the pro-
gram, The customer, on the first use of the
protected program; calls an &00 number
and obtains a code which will unlock the
program. The user types In this enabling
number lo decode the DES encryption and
prepare It tor use with the Copyrighter
CPU (C-CPU).
The OCPU is a standard CPU with a dif-
ferent decoder built into each unit. It is in-
stalled by a dealer on owned equipment or
at the factory on new computers.
One C-CPU can be used to decode any
number of protected programs, yet It will
run unprotected software with no interfer-
ence. This system does not slow down the
CPUr even on protected programs. A pro-
tected program may be freely backed-up
by the user on any medium and will run on-
ly on the user's computer.
Copyrighter software protection boun-
daries are flexible to allow the publisher
to leave certain portions of their software,
such as HO routines, unprotected and
modifiable by the user AH unprotected
pen ions may be written in any program-
ming language.
For more information, contact Ken
Wirttam at Wayne Green Enterprises. Inc.,
80 Pin* St, Peterborough, NH 03458,
(6Q3h924-947t Reader Service number
4aa
1 — tm
Trie System 70X sateiftte receiver tmm Lowrance Electronics
SATELLITE RECEIVER
Lowrance Electronics of Tulsa, Ofclaho*
ma has introduced a new satellite receiv-
er for 1984. The new receiver unit, called
the System 70, loliows the firm's system 7
and will be manufactured at the compa
ny's headquarters In Tulsa. The receiver
will be marketed through a worldwide
distributor network.
The System 70 receivers feature detent
tuning, polarity control, a signal-strength
meter, built-in modulator, scan tuning,
and wide and narrow audio filters. The re-
ceivers are available as the standard
model ?0X or the stereo version. 70S.
which decodes both matrix and discrete
stereo sound and features simplified
stereo tuning. Both models carry a full
one-year warranty.
For additional information, contact
Lowrance Electronics, frtc., 12000 E. Skei-
ly Dnve. Tulsa OK 7412B, Reader Service
number 479.
NEW TRIBAND BEAMS
Palomar Engineers has announced the
availability of two triband beams. Model
DX-33 has three elements on 10, 15. and 20
meters, Model DX-43 has four e lemon ISh
These antennas have long been used by
European DXers and are being made avail-
able in the US for the first time.
Designed for use with solid-state trans
ceivers, the antennas feature tow swr and
wide bandwidth Gain and front! q-back
ratio are particularly good. Each trap is
individually sweep tested at the factory
for uniform perfofmance. Stainless-steel
U-boits are used inrougnout.
For more Information, contact Palomar
Engineers. 1924-E West Mission Road, f s-
condtoo CA 92025; f6t9)-747-3343,
NEW SOFTWARE FOR
THE TRSW
Woodaii Software has announced a
TRS-80 program for transmission and re-
ception of RTTY that does not require a TV
or Interface for operation. The SOFTTY
program will work as well or better than
softwarefhardware packages requiring a
PLL decoder Only the much more ex pen
Bive TUs may give consistently better
results.
Gary Woodall has tie vised an algorithm
for this program that samples the incom-
ing audio signal to measure the tone fre-
quency and shift using me cassette READ
port This method Js very effective and
makes the system immune to most noise.
The only thing (hat may be a problem is
other signals which are almost exactly on
your operating frequency,
The program was written entirely m Z-80
machine language to obtain the process-
Ing speed necessary for the algorithm and
associated functions. Timing is very critic
cal and necessitated close attention to T
states and M cycles during programming
(down to microseconds).
The tone-generating section of SOFTTY
simulates the two RTTY tones by produc*
ing an alternating time-controJied voltage
and out putt ing via the cassette WRITE
port. The output from the AUX plug «s then
fed into the microphone input circuit of
the transmitter, Most mike Input circuits
trill smooth the simulated sine-wave
signal, making il sound like a true sine
wave when transmitted
SOFTTY Version 1.0 has split-screen
P, C. Electronics' ATV unit.
8G 73 Magazine • February, 1964
Trioand beams from Palomar Engineers,
The tC-27A mobile unit fmm team.
tuon so thai the main buffet may be
filled while decoding and displaying the
received signal. A choice of nigh and low
toners is keyboard selectable, as well as
normal and Inverted (mark's pace or space
tfnark) tone detection.
SOFTTY 1.0 Is set for a 170-Hz tone shift
used by amateur- radio operator*- Gthef
versions are aval table for different shifts
used by news and weather services. A
visual tuning indicator makes setup easy
to accomplish
There are five programmable buffers
available, each of which can hold up to
255 characters. They can be filled from the
keyboard and saved to magnetic tape for
later relrievsl
For more information, contact Bill
Gouge or Gary Woods! t at Woods n arid
Associates PO Box 234. 11 Gfenda Drive*
Piamtiettj tN 46168: (31 7^271*2565. Reader
Senrtct number 481.
NEW FROM rCOM
Icom has introduced three new models
of amateur equipment: the IC 27A two-
met *r 25 Watt mobile unil+ the IC-04A and
IC-04AT 440- MH2 hand-held transceivers*
and the IC-271H IQO-Watt two-meter base-
station transceiver.
IC-27A
The IC-27A Is an Important break-
through In two-meter mobile communica-
tions Measuring 1-1/2 inches high by 5-1/2
inches wide, the IG-27A contains an inter-
nal speaker making it easy to mount.
Although the IC-27A is compact, it has
not sacrificed any features, Standard tea
tures snclude 25 Watts ot output power, 32
PL™ frequencies, ten full-function tun-
able memories, scanning of memories and
the band, priority scan, and a microphone
which includes a 16-button touchtone™
pad for access to a repealer or dialing
through to an autopatch An optional
speech synthesizer also is available Id
verbally announce the receiver frequency
of the transceiver through the push of a
button.
The IC-25A, measuring 2 Inches wide by
5-1/2 Inches high, will continue to be avail-
able for those individuals pre fen mg a
25-Wait two-meter mobile unit with larger
operating knobs.
IC-04A and IC-04 AT
Icom has announced their latest In
440-MHz hand-herd transceivers the »C-
04A and IOG4AT Tltese murttf unci ion,
multi-feature hand-hetds for 440449.995
MHz feature frequency entry, control
functions, and 32 PL tones which are con-
trolled fry the 16-button pad on the face of
the radio. Also Included are priority scan-
ning (both of memories and program-
mable band scan) and DTMF (04 AT only).
For scanning, 5-kHz Increments are
front-panel selectable. Ten memories with
internal lithium battery backup afford
flexibility for channelizing operation for
easy access to most used channels. The
custom LCD readout with S-meter is
unique.
The tcom IC-271H transceiver
The IOWA and IC-04AT have the same
styling, control features, and functions as
the lC-02Afn and utilize the existing ac-
cessory line available for the IC-2A and IC-
2 AT plus new accessories such as long-
life and high-power battery packs
IC-271H
For two-meter commun lea Lions, (com
also has developed the IC-271H, a trans-
ceiver with a high dynamic range receiver
and a 100-Watt Iransmitter. Operating
from the IC-PS3Q, IC-PS15, or the internal
IC-P535 (optional}, the IC-271H Integrates
all the functions of the latest CPU-con-
trolled radios
Standard features Include 100 Watts ol
power, 32 built-in subaudibte tones. 32
full-function tunable memories, 10-Hz PLL
locking, easy -to- read fluorescent display,
scanning, and mode scan. It is 11-114
inches wide by 4 3/8 Inches high.
To facilitate the operation of the
IC-271R Icom has Incorporated a duplex
touch switch, a»i mode squelch, receive
audio tone control, S-meter, center meter,
seven-year lithium battery memory back-
up, 24-pin accessory connecter, and mi-
crophone. Optional features include a
swlichaofe preampifier, CTCSS encod-
er/decoder (encoder Is standard), comput-
er Interface, and voice synthesizer
For more Information, contact icom
America, tnc, 2112 TTG/n Ave. N,E.r Befle-
vue WA 98004. i206M5*4i5S
I
The IC-Q4A 440-MHz handheld from Icom.
LETTERS
LOG PROGRAM AVAILABLE
The response to my article "Foolproof
Logging" on page 50 of the November,
19&3, Issue ot 73 was overwhelming I had
noted in the article that if enough persons
were interested. I would make the pro-
gram available
The program is now available for the
TRS-8G Model III under TRSDOS 1,3 and
for the tBM^PC under PC-OOS l<l or 2,0,
The cost Is $35.00 each including the
diskette and user's manual. Postage is in-
cluded in the cost. A version written In
dSASE-ll source code will be available by
January 1, 1984. for several computers -
John £, Fall KL7GRF
Long Beech CA
NO SNOBS IN SANTA FE
In response to the letter from Mr. Fea-
ron printed In the October issue, please be
advised that the snobbery he fell in Albu-
querque has not reached the higher eleva-
tions and arrived in Santa Fe- Being 60
miles apart, there is a world of difference
in all attitudes and amateur radio espe-
cially.
The Northern New Mexico Amateur Ra-
dio Ciuto in Sante Fe will be more than
happy to assist Ml Fearon In directing
him lo hams who have the time and ener-
gy to be an Elmer. Wnen I made up my
mind to go for a ticket, I started going to
the Saturday morning breakfasts the club
holds each week at The Pantry restaurant-
There I met the most helpful and support-
ive crowd of guys and gals and before you
knew h\ I had my ticket
The NNMARC holds regular classes
both for the Novice and tor upgrading to
other classes. All are at no charge.
The hams who helped me on the way to
a license were most eager to do so and ex-
tended every courtesy to the point of go-
ing out ot their way severs t times, espe-
cially when it came time tor the Novice ex-
am and code test.
So, not all Southwest hams are snobs,
and I hope Mr. Fearon has by now found
that to be true.
Michael Langford KA5SAT
Santa Fe NM
ALBATROSS
The editorial m the October issue of 73
revealed some interesting things. I have
found 73 to be a very enjoyable magazine
The editorial touched on one area I am in
agreement with. OS T and the League are
getting to be a useless albatross to ama-
teur radio The magazine has fewer and
fewer technical articles and more and
mote pages of contest results and pat-em-
on-the-dack data.
I am of the old school of home brew: if
you want a transformer, wind it. I've even
made my own tubes out Of light bulbs.
Now I run my computer on what the fila-
ment used to draw.
I am an amateur more interested in con-
struction than In operating, so the "incen-
tive1' of the League left me cold. Similarly,
there Is a trend to buy everything from Ja-
pan, yet we developed the technology
they copied or stole.
This country still has creative engi-
neers, people who are amateurs, J call it
poor-boy research, amateur because of
low funds, not lack of skill. This country is
becoming a high-technology and farm ex-
port country, though our government and
corporations are loo stupid to foster edu-
cation or family farms.
I like 73' s view of trying to Stay ahead of
the pack. The concept of developing a col-
ledge (no, I didn't misspell college) can
provide an "edge" to a student not ful-
filled by some of our prestigious struc-
73 Magazine • February, 1984 87
lured schools, provided it leeches creativ-
ity Creativity Is a rare commodity at best,
yet it is ihe very thing thai once made (his
country great.
Escalaiing the col lege via cable is a
good limited shorn erm Idea. But cable TV
is dead, only sttll quivering because of
greed and (allure to make it duplex. The
time will soon come when liber optics will
replace It, allowing duplex operation.
There is your future.
in the meantime, the proliferation of
satellite dishes (7-101 will nil the void of
cable Direct satellite broadcast (2" dish-
es} will bankrupt the cable companies.
The concept of interactive teaching 1 9
an area not touched. Suppose (he main
program (class) was on laser disk, sup-
ported end controlled by a magnetic disk-
ette for your microcomputer. Q&A would
be on the disk and your terminal CRT Fur-
ther support could be by packet transmit-
ted to the satellite or local data line.
At present, I spend about S1D00 {plus)
four times a year to go to schools: $500
travel. S500-S800 class and lodging.
Wouldn't it be more profitable if 1 could
take an interactive class here tor S750 a
year total?
The University of Wisconsin at Madison
and Milwaukee has superb extension
programs. George Washington University.
Georgia Tech. and UCLA have extension
work In engineering. These people have
skilled people come in from all over the
country to teach a class, yet the school
only organizes the class. I have made
friends all over the country this way and
gotten credits as a bonus.
Phil Jedfleka WD*EED
Norman OK
CALL FOR PAPERS
The American Radio Relay League will
hold Its Third Amateur Radio Computer
Networking1 Conference on April 15, 1984,
In Trenion, New Jersey The conference
will be in cooperation with the 9th Trenton
Computer f,'.-, rival (TGFB4) being held
April 14-15 at Trenton State College
The deadline for camera-ready papers
is March 1, 1964, All papers should be
mailed to Paul L_ Rinaido W4R1, American
Radio Relay League, 225 Main Street.
Newington CT 06111. If you plan to pre-
sent a paper, please request an author's
guide and identify the I Hie of your paper
immediately Proceedings will be sold ai
Ihe conference and by mail from ARRL
Headquarters.
Technical papers are invited on all as
pects of amateur packet radio, AMTOR,
computer-based message systems, digi-
tal speech, presentation-level graphics,
and reFaied amateur-radio digital commu-
nications via terrestrial, ionospheric, me-
leor-sc alter, and satellite media Including
AMSAT-OSCAR 10 and PACSAT. Topics
may include network and system architec-
ture, proposed standards, hardware, soft-
ware* protocols, modulation and encod-
ing schemes, applications, and practical
experience.
Paul Rinaido VV4RI
Newington CT
MARKETABLE EDUCATION
I enjoyed the editorial In the October is-
sue of 73 However, I would go a little bit
further. I think that education is a big Is-
sue now and, if handled correctly, will
bring huge profits for the first businesses
to take full advantage of It. I think that the
attention focused on education by the
presidential commission and the media
has helped to make the time ripe for busi-
ness to enter I apeak with some ex pen
ence, since I now teach mathematics and
computer science at the college leveL The
emphasis placed on computers and high
technology has created hn anxiety among
the general public to the point where
those people unacquainted with comput-
ers either fear them or feet guilty about it J
have several fnends who have made de-
cent amounts of money by conducting pri-
vate classes in Basic and In the operation
of specific home computers.
I think that video disks— the Interactive
kind— would be fantastic educational
media. There is now out an arcade game
using interactive video disks and the kids
line up ten deep waiting to use it at the ar-
cades. Compared to standard video
games, the graphics (or effective memory)
of these l rungs is really astounding
On a slightly different subject. I think
that It a simple and reliable packet node
controller could be developed to the point
where It was a black box whose use was
transparent to the user, it would revolu-
tionize both Ihe ham-radio and the horne-
computer communities. With the popular-
ity of computer networks such as Compu-
Serve and The Source and with drastic
rises in local telephone rates imminent,
the lime will very soon be ripe for both a
digital (no-code) license and PACSAT-
type satellites
Warren 7l#oi*r KHE/2
Stater* Island NY
DR. DIGITAL
Robert Swirsky AF2M
PO Box 122
Cedarhurst NY 11516
ON LANGUAGE
At a recent meeting ol the WA2DCS
computer club. John KI2U asked me if I
was working on any interesting computer
projects. John always expresses Interest
in my programming endeavors; perhaps
Its because I tend to write unusual pro
grams 1 have been known to spend
months doing some of the weirdest things
ever done with a computer (at least by
means of a program*.
One ot my favorite projects that 1 fin-
ished this past year was an adventure
game called Time Warp." This program
needs three interconnected computers to
run, not to mention a sound system. Trie
game Is based on the movie^ The Rocky
Honor Picture Show, and the objects are
to save Or, Frank N. Furter from death and
to lead some other characters to safety,
I'm not so sure If my results were worth
(he effort, but at leasl I gained some in-
sight on how to interconnect computers
to handle a distributed processing task
Another of my favorite programs was an
absolutely Silly piece of PLrt code to play
the game "dots." (I'm sure you know how
to play dots — two players take turns con-
necting dots in a grid. The player who can
make the most boxes wins.} This program
was written on punch cards tor an IBM 370
computer. As I had no Interactive terminal
at my disposal. I had to look at the output
to see what move the program made and
then punch my move on m card and resub-
mit the program deck to the computer op-
erator. A complete game took about 4
hours to play. It played a pretty good
game, and as far as I know, nobody else
has ever analyzed this game before.
Maybe I'M start something. (First Pacman.
then G-bert, and now, dots!)
My latest major project on a computer
88 73 Magazine • February, 1S84
was an Implementation of the program-
ming language SNOBOL for microcom
outers, After I informed John of this, he
asked this I nought -pro voicing question:
"Why can't you develop a special ham
radio computer language?" He gave me
some thoughts on what such a language
might contain— Morse. Baudot, or ASCII
I/O statements, as well as interrupt han-
dling. I/O buffering, math functions for
metric conversion, and "great circle"
functions
I didn't feel that ham-radio applications
warranted their own language. Alter an.
the things that John suggested could be
handled wtih a subprogram library. Never-
the I ess, the suggestion started a lively
discussion among our club members. So
let's hear what you think about the matter.
If anyone has suggestions on what a ham-
radio computer language might Include
and what the structure might be, drop me
a line. It would be Interesting to see if
there is a need for such a thing
The issue of computer languages is. in
itself, a hot topic I am frequently asked
what the best language is or what the eas-
iest language is, Unfortunately, there are
no answers to these questions, but be-
cause this subject generates such inter-
est, I will devote some space to matters
regarding languages and compatibly
among computers.
Everything—
—you've always wanted to know about
assembly language and. . . A number of
people have written me asking about
assembly language The question 1 have
been hearing most is how one should 90
about getting started with it. "II fust
seems so dam compHcatatf' fa the com-
mon cry of distress. As I tend to use many
assembly-language programming exam
pies, some people have commented that
they felt losl while reading through a list-
ing.
My reason tor using assembly language
:s simply that there is no other way of do-
ing certain things with a computer. When
one uses a so-called "high-level" lan-
guage such as Basic or FORTRAN, one
finds oneself shielded from Ihe machine,
You are, so to speak,, a tew levels removed
from the hardware of the machine. Unfor
lunately, this lack of intimacy between
user and machine prevents Ihe user from
establishing complete control. One must
be happy with how the interpreter or com-
piler chooses to do certain things, (Please
pardon my anthropomorphism; it simply
makes the sentences less cumbersome )
Like most others. I like to take the easy so-
lution to a problem. In many instances, as-
sembly language is that easy solution.
My own first experience with assembly
language came from a course I took at
Hofstra University: CS 110, The course as-
sumed some prior PUt programming
knowledge and made the student realize
that computers worked on a much simpler
level than PUl. Of course, everyone real-
ized that the mechanism for the com-
puter's understanding of PUl was a pro-
gram called a "compiler," but not too
much thought was given to that fact. The
compiler was simply regarded as a "bfack
boK." Nobody cared how It performed its
black magic; the only thing people con
cerned themselves with was what went in
and what came out.
The poini of this diversion is that as-
sembly language is simpler than any oth-
er programming language. That's right-
simpler! The instructions are very primi-
tive: Move a byte of data, add two binary
numbers, compare a number to zero, in
I act, while microcomputers usually have
at least fifty different Instructions, only a
few are needed. The late computer scien-
tist, Alan Turing, proved that only a few
very primitive operations on binary data
would suffice to compute any problem
that a better equipped Q&w a larger In-
struction set) machine could handle, In
particular, all a computer needed were the
basic logical operators and a branch
statement.
With all this historical Information
aside, it Is time tor us to consider the mat-
ter of a painless approach to learning as-
sembly language First, get It out of your
mind that this Is a complicated matter. It
,5 m fact, a simple one— so simple that
people tend to make it much more diffi-
cult. Let's start at the beginning.
In the beginning, there was machine
language Programmers would program
by punching holes or flipping switches
corresponding directly to memory loca-
tions in the computer. This was a tedious
affair, but engineering and math types
were content with this method lor a num-
ber of years
The instructions that a computer pro
gram consists of are represented as num-
bers in the computer's memory,, and the
same memory is used for both data and in-
structions. That means that the contents
of a byte containing the binary number
10101010 could be anything from a
computer Instruction to a data Item, One
cannot tell the exact meaning of an iso-
lated byte of memory— it must be looked
at in context.
Needless to say, this business ol binary
numbers soon got confusing. It was ex-
tremely difficult to debug a program con-
sisting solely of spots on a storage tube.
01 perhaps binary numbers represented in
base 16 or base 32 Because of this, as-
sembly language was developed.
Assembly language and machine lan-
guage are very closely related. There is
a one-to-one correspondence between
statements written in the two languages.
It is best to think of assembly language as
a tool for writing machine-language pro-
grams. Much of the tedious memorizing
and mathematical calculating that a pro-
grammer must take care of when pro
gramming In machine language are duti-
fully performed by the assembler.
The primary function of the assembler
Is to provide a set of mnemonic codes for
the binary Instructions of the computer. It
is much easier to remember that BNE
means "branch if not equal to lero" than
that 01001100 means jump to the memory
location specified by the next two bytes.
Assembly language also allows the
user to work with decimal or hexadecimal
numbers; conversion from one radix to an-
other is another function handled by most
assemblers, Finally, an assembler allows
a person to create a program to run In vari
ous parts of memory. A machJne-lan
guage program generally cannot be relo-
cated to another portion of memory. An
assembly-language program can be
placed into another portion of memory by
reassembly of the program,
Each microprocessor has its own ma-
chine language and, therefore, its own as-
sembly language. For example, the Atari
compgier and the Apple computer both
use a microprocessor chip In the 6502
family. Because of this, they both have the
capability of "under standi rig" the same
assembly language The obvious conclu-
sion a person could make is that those
two machines would be software compat-
ible, at least at the machined anguage lev-
el, Unfortunately, this conclusion is erro-
neous
There is another factor to consider
when dealing with software compatibility:
differences in hardware. Lets continue
with the Apple vs. Atari comparison and
look at some of the hardware differences.
Consider the simple matter of the clock
speeds of I he computers. The Atari's
internal clock, which controls the speed
of the microprocessor, runs at about
1.6 MHz as compared with the 1.024 of the
Apple-
Does Ihis mean that the same machine-
language program will run 56% faster on
an Atari? No! The Atari will be about the
same speed, if not slower, because of
Atari's special display processor chip.
This chip takes control ol the computer's
bus every so often in order to fetch display
daia (rem memory, in order to do tfils
"direct memory access" (DMA} of data,
the 6502 microprocessor must be
halted' during the DMA cycle,
Another thing thai slows down the com-
puter's performance is Atari's use of inter-
rupts- Every 60th of a second, and some-
times more often, Ihe microprocessor is
interrupted from the program that it is exe-
cuting and runs a system-maintenance
routine All Ihis interrupt and DMA busi-
ness simply means thai the amount of
time the Alan computer takes to execute
a program cannot be calculated by simply
knowing the clock speed, nor can the
speed of the computer be compared to an-
other computer's just by looking at the
clock frequency,
The reason that we have to consider
hardware when dealing with assembly
language is that one cannoi separate Ihe
two. It is necessary to have some hard-
ware knowledge in order to program effec-
tively In assembly language. This Is espfr
ciaily true when doing l/Oreiated tasks
After all, how can you get data Into Or out
of a computer without knowing the hard-
ware configuration?
Just keep in mind that assembly lan-
guage is simpler than any other language-
Think small. Each statement can do only
very utile. If you approach the matter with
this attitude, you will find learning assem-
bly language to be equally simple.
High Laval Languages
High-level languages remove the user
from the computer's hardware, Many
things that an assembly language must
worry about are "shielded11 by the lan-
guage processor It Is this shielding that
makes some things Impossible to do In a
high-level language; sometimes complete
control Is needed. However, most of ihe
time a high-level language (such as Basic)
is the better choice. The easiest solution
is Often the high-level language.
A wide variety of high-level languages is
now available for microcomputers- In ad-
dition to Basic. ™ pigmentations of C,
PUI. Algol, Pascal, FORTRAN, uSPr Ada.
COBOL PUM, Forth, and Logo are com-
monly available. 1 will devote some time to
these and comment on their suitability
for amateur radio applications in future
months,
Graphics
I still need more feedback on the devel-
opment of a graphics standard for am-
ateur radio. As J mentioned in past col-
umns, I would like to establish some
standards to allow users of different com-
puters to exchange graphics data Rossi
ble techniques could Include "unit
square" graphics (where coordinates are
given relative to a 1 by 1 screen thereby
making the center point 0.5,0.5) or stan-
dard graphics character sets, Any com-
ments along these lines would be appreci-
ated. Don't forget: Include an SASE to en-
Sure a reply!
FUN!
John Edwards KI2U
PO Box 73
Middle village NY 71379
BASIC ELECTRONICS
I've just finished looking through the
FCC's new list of suggested questions for
Novice-class exams. Most or the material
looks pretty good St ill, it comes off look-
Ing kind ot dull— row upon row of gray
boilerplate I can't help but think that the
FCC could have done better by coming to
me. Boy, would I have put together a test
for them— you know, crossword puzzles,
matching, acrostics, and so on, Don't
laugh Is it any sillier to make prospective
hams memorize a binary code system?
ASCII code yes, Morse code no. At least
my puzzles would have a relevance to cur-
rent technology, which is more than you
can say for those silly dits and dans
Taking things a step further. Imagine
the new look in study guides, Page after
page of puzzle solutions. Can't you just
see Dick Bash a\ tfte Dayton Hamvention
hawkrng his Fmaf Exam Cross wwtf Die-
Nonary?
Hey, FCC! I can still help you with the
General, Advance, and Extra-class tests
lists. Drop me a fine.
ELEMENT 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1} An electrical generator s magnets are:
1) small
2) nonpolarized
3) oppositely-polarized
4) similarly polarized
2) What Is the current value In the circuit
ot an 8-Watt lamp running at 200 volts?
1) 0,04 Amps
2} 40 Amps
3) 400 Amps
4) A Amps
3) The henry is the unit of:
1) work
2) veil age
3) capacitance
4) inductance
4| impedance is:
1) the total opposition offered by a
circuit to the (tow of alternating
current
2) the total opposition offered by a
circuit to the flow of direct current
3) the complete resistance offered
by a circuit to ac or dc
4} determined by dividing voltage by
resistance
5) The l wo most common semiconductor
materials are:
1] germanium and curium
2) silicon and argon
3) iron and lead
4) germanium and silicon
6) Transistors can:
1) amplify vol lege
2) amplify current and voltage
3) amplify current
4) none of the above
7) The banded end of a diode indicates
ihe:
1) anode
2) caihode
3) emitter
4) filament
8) A multivibrator is a type of:
1) Hartley oscillator
2) Armstrong oscillator
3) Colpitis oscillator
4} resistance-capacitajnceoscittator
9j A disconnected capacitor:
1) is harmless
2) does not contain energy
3) can be used as a transistor
4) can kilt you
101 DArsonval:
1) was the inventor of the transistor
21 is a type of analog meter
3} is a type of digital meter
4) refers to D" Arson vat's Law
ELEMENT 2
MATCHING
Match the term to Its definition.
Column A Column B
1 ) Acorn A) Diode reel i tier
2J Klyst ran B} Unl t of work
3) NuviBtor Q Squat UHF tube
4 1 Dyne D) Miniature metal/ceramic
tube
5) Newton
6) Magnetron
7} Phototube
8} Mercury^
vapor tube
9) TTtyratron
1 0) Doorknob
Ei Microwave tube— has a
bunch cavity
F) Air-filled VLF lube
G) Microwave diode
Hi Miniature tube with
pins extending from its
ends and sides
I) Gas mode or tetrode
J) Converts light energy to
electrical energy
K) Unit o* force
ELEMENT 3
TRUE- FALSE
True
1) Trie daraf is the unit
of eJastance.
2) Doubling a number
and adding one Is
called "dibbling,"
3) One handy oscillo-
scope use is the
measurement of ca-
pacitors. ,
4) The coulomb is the
unit oi quality,
5) In magnetism, oppo-
sites repel while
likes attract.
0) A "zigzag la a type
of rectifier circuit
7) A "zeiwT' can be
used as a voltage
regulator.
6) There are two indi-
vidual rectifiers in a
bridge rectifier.
91 Batteries generate
voltage through pho-
tosynthesis
10} A logic probe is
used to test 5-voit
dc circuits.
False
DA.
ELEMENT 4
FILL IN THE BLANK
is a precisely dimensioned.
hollow metal pipe through which micro-
wave energy is sent,
2) The Instrument that presents visual
representations of an electrical quantity is
an .
3) The soft form of carbon used in most ie-
sistors la called ,
4>The main control electrode in a vacuum
tube is the .
5) in a bipolar transistor, emitted current
travels toward the
THE ANSWERS
Element 1:
1-3. 2-1. 3-4. 4-1. 5^4, 6-2, 7-2, 8-4, 9-4.
10-2.
Eremenf 2:
1-H, 1-E, 2-D, 4-B, 5-K, 6-B, 7-J, 8-A, 9-I.
Element 3:
1 —True It measures the opposition of
the capacitor to be charged,
incidentally, "daraf" rs farad
spelled backwards.
2 — True Not to be confused with
dribbling, which is a
basketball term.
3— False By studying its waveform, I
guess.
4— False Quantity.
5— Fa I se It's the ot her w ay arou nd
6— True A variation on the Ihree-
phase, half-wave star theme.
7— True Zener diode.
8— False Four
9— False Plants use photosynthesis,
batteries generate voltage
with chemicals
10— True Computer circuits.
Element 4:
1— waveguide
2— oscilloscope
3 — graphite
4— grid
& — collector
SCORING
Element |:
Two and one-half points tot each correct
answer
Etement 2:
Two and one-half points for each correct
match.
Element 3:
Two and one-half points for each correct
answer.
element 4:
Five points for each word correctly filled
In.
Are you up on your basics?
1-20 points— Your Bash Is showing.
21-40 points— Good thing the FCC
doesn't re-test.
41-60 points— Qualified for your
license class.
61-80 points— Time to upgrade?
81-100 points— Obviously, you hold an
MSEE degree.
73 Magazine * February. 1984 89
REVIEW
THEYAESUFT-980
TRANSCEIVER
As transceivers became completely
solid state, size and weight were reduced
dramatically, so i was particularly sur-
prised at the FT9B0, the latest descen-
dant of the Yaesu FT-lina. This now-
famous line began with ihe FT-4Q0 and
became perhaps most popular with the
FT- 100 series. But the FT-9B0 HF
Transceiver CAT System (for. I suppose,
computer-aided transceiver) Is no
lightweight and it's packed full of features
aimed at providing the serious radio
amateur with the best communications
tool aval J able. For this review, along with
the FT-980 I had the optEonai SP-980
speaker system and the MD-981 stand
microphone. More about these ac-
cessories later. General specifications for
the transceiver are shown in Table 1.
Packed in with the set was a pretty
good installation and operation manual
that explains the rig's capabilities. The
manual Included a couple of loose sheets
that detail connections for an alternate
means of keying a linear amp if it requires
more than 200 mA of switching and up-
dated filter installation instructions.
Because this FT-9U0 had all the optional
AM and CW filters already installed and I
was trying to key a linear with current re-
quirements less than 200 mA, these pro-
vided no extra trouble— and 1 doubt they
would anyway.
The manual Is reasonably well written
and doesn*t contain many misspellings
and odd sentence structures typical with
some imported equipment. Separate from
the manual are 22 pages of schematics
and 7 pages of biock diagrams f If you
have the "right stuff to tear into the
FT 980, at least you'll have a fighting
chance with this documentation. Also in
the manual is a thorough description of
accessory interconnection along with
plnouts for each plug and connector. An
added bonus In the package is a nice four-
color map of Japan for award use; It's in
Japanese, though.
So much for the documentation — let's
get this unit on the bench and start
operating. "Oof1 says I. "This thing,
weighs a ton." Actually, It weighs close to
40 pounds with aiJ the options installed. In
the shipping box I found a bag of all kinds
of plugs and connectors, tilt feet, fuses,
three-wire line cord, and two AA-cells for
the power-off memory retention. The AA-
cells were the first of several oddities.
Memory backup Is provided solely
through these cells— no nicads^ lithium
cell, or anything else. Yaesu says to
replace them every six months or "adios"
to the FT-9ao"s memory.
As with several other available
"competition-grade" transceivers, the
FT-9BQ covers all the amateur bands, in-
cluding WARC, and acts as a separate
1 50-k Hz4c-29.9999-M Hz genera l-coverage
TRANSMITTER
Frequency (MHz)
1.5-1,99999
3,5-3,99999
7.0-149999
10,0-10.49999
14.0-14.49999
18.0-18,49999
21.0-21.49999
24.5-24.99999
38.0-29. 99999
Frequency Range
Band
160
30
40
30
20
17
15
12
10
Emission Types
LSB,USB (A3J/J3E)
CW (A1/A1A)
AM (A3IA3E)
AFSK(F1U1B)
FM (F3/F3E)
Power Output
(Watts, all bands)
SSB, CW 100 (PEP)
AM 25
FM, FSK 50
Maximum FM Deviation
+ 5 kHz
AFSK Shllt
170, 425, 850 Hz
Output Impedance
50 Ohms, unbalanced
Frequency Accuracy
Better than +3 ppm
RECEIVER
Frequency Range
150 kHz to 29.99999 MHz. continuous
Circuit Type
Triple-conversion superheterodyne
Image and 1-1 Rejection
Better than 70 dB
Dynamic Range
Better than 95 dB with 300-Hz CW filter
Audio Peak Filter Range
350-1400 Hz
If Notch Filter Range
(demodulated)
500-2700 Hz
Selectivity
(Adjusted for maximum i-f width)
-6d9 -60 dB
Mode (width in kHz)
SS8,CW (W/N)t
FSK 25 4,2
CW (narrow) 0.3 0.6
CW (wide) 0.6 1.2
AM (no filters) 6,0 17,0
AM (wide) 5.0 12.0
AM (narrow) 3.0 9,0
FM 12.0 24,0
POWER REQUIREMENTS
Voltage
Ac: 100 to 120 volts Of
200 to 234 volts
50-60 Hz
Power Consumption
Receive: 72 VA
Transmit: (100 Watts out): 530 VA
Physical Characteristics
Overall Dimensions:
15 inches wide
6-1/2 inches high
18-1/2 Inches deep
Weight:
Approximately 38 pounds
Table 1. General specifications for the Yaesu HF Transceiver FT-980 CAT
System.
lb) IC
(c)COrVIP
(d) Disc
r=^£^r^ da
2* v f FWD SET
13.5
(0)
Fig. 7. Details of the FT-930's two multifunction meters; a) power output in Watts {output
of JO- Watt low-power version of FT-980 is read on bottom of this scale); b) output-transis-
tor transmit current (aft modes); c) SSB speech processor compression; d) center-scale
tuning for FM reception; ej Vcc safe zone; f) swr forward set mark; g) S-meter; h) swr
scale; Osafe aic zone for SSB.
receiver. With the memory backup ener-
gized, upon power-up the FT-980 greets
you exactly as you last left it. Should you
elect not to use the memory pack-up or
should the AA-cells fail, the 980 defaults
to 7,000 MHz, general coverage.
Rockmg the power switch on Il-
luminates the two large analog meters
and the blue digital frequency/mode dis-
plays. The meters provide quite a moni-
toring capability as shown in Fig. 1. The
upper digital display includes frequency
readout to 10 Hz as well as USB, LSB,
CWN (narrow), CWW (wide}, AMNf AMW.
FSW, and FM, to match the position of the
Mode switch.
Receive Features
To operate, first select Ham or Gen
(oral) coverage by depressing the appro-
priate push-button. Band selection is
made through three momentary-contact
push-buttons. Up, Down, and Repeat,
These as we!3 as most other functions are
selected via momentary-contact push-
buttons that function either as toggles
(push-on/push-off) or as simple entry
switches. A soft beep verifies that switch
contact has been made and the beep can
be turned off.
Operating frequency can be selected
five ways: t) main tuning kru>b, 2)
1 0k Hz/step push-button, 3) Up/Down
5-kHz push-buttons, 4) a keypad, and 5) up
to 12 memory frequencies selected by a
rotary switch, Yaesu's optional stand and
hand-held microphones afford frequency
selection via push-buttons, although with-
out as many options.
Upon power-up, I was impressed with
Fig, 2, Comparison of the digital {top) and analog {bottom} "sub-dispiay" arrangements.
The digital display is straightforward; the analog one is inscrutable.
90 73 Magazine • February, 1984
The Yaesu FT-980 with companion mike and speaker.
the audio quaEity of the receiver, li has an
excellent built-in speaker. When the ac-
cessory speaker pr headphones are
plugged in, the internal speaker rs discon-
nected-
On receive, you have AF gain, RF gain,
Noise Blanker, Tone, Squelch (FM only), i-f
Width and Shift, wide and narrow filters {If
installed), a calibrated 0-30-dB rf attenua-
tor (in 10-dB steps), a Mode switch, and
Notch and APF (audio peak filter— CW on-
ly) controls to play with, You can do some
pretty fine knob-twiddling and slice away
at the pffeups and heterodynes. The nar-
row filters are very sharp and a dial- lock
push-button holds the frequency in case
you accidentally bump the main tuning
knob while tweaking all the other con-
trols
The frequency displays require some
special mention. Beneath the upper digi-
tal frequency and mode display Is another
window, a sub-display that Yaesu calls a
"\ . . synthesized analog display [that] pro-
vides a reJative frequency Indication
which scrolls when the frequency of the
selected vfo is changed." What It
amounts to is a digital simulation of an
analog dial display of frequency. See Fig.
2. It's confusing; I couldn't find a single
reason for its being there. Because a digi-
tal frequency display accurate to 10 Hz is
right above it and this pseudo-analog dis-
play is accurate only to 1 kHz, I'm curious
as to Yaesu s intentions. And while speak-
ing of displays, a Dim push-button
reduces meter and display brightness by
about ha(f for low- light or nighttime
operating.
Other controls include push-buttons for
transmit and receive cfarihers that actual-
ly use the main tuning control. This is a lit-
tle strange if you are used to a separate
clarif ler knob. Also included are push-but-
tons for selecting which vfo (ham or gen-
eral coverage} will be used for transmit
(ham only) or receive (either) or which
memory channels will do the frequency
control ling. Split-frequency operation is
possible, along with push-buttons to give
you the difference between vfo and mem-
ory channel frequencies. It's relatively
easy to store and retrieve a memory fre-
quency, but It's too complex to describe
here all the possible Interactions, shift-
ing, and operating options available This
transceiver does net Uave a built-in scan
capability, but you can store, retrieve, and
exchange memory and vfo frequencies
handily. In place of a bfo control there's a
rear-panel GW pitch slide switch that
selects 500, 600, or 700 Hz as the CW
receive tone.
One thing that I really did miss was a
WWV calibration control. Yaesu must fig-
ure that the synthesizer is right on be-
cause there is no way that I could find to
adjust zero-beat with WWV. The specs say
frequency accuracy is better than 3 ppm
for 0-40 degrees C (32-104 degrees F),
That means WWV should only be about 30
Hz off at 10 MHz!
Transmit Features
Satisfied that I wouldn't do any dam-
age, I next tried loading the FT-980 — no
problem. Power output is adjustable with
a Drive control. I was, however, a little sus-
picious of the built-in swr metering circuit-
ry when it indicated an absolutely flat
1-MHz bandwidth on the 10-meter ele-
ments of my t riband quad. The swr moni-
toring circuitry will protect the finals,
though, reducing power out to about 75
mmmi
Operating side of the FT-980. The curious pseudo-analog display is right above the main
tuning control (more on this in the text and Fig. 2).
percent of available output power at ideal
(1:1) conditions when a 3:1 swr is encoun-
tered. An on-demand fan cooling system
is employed to control output transistor
temperature.
Thfs rig also had the Curtis 8044-chip-
based keyer option installed and the
whole system is set up for full break-in op-
eration. I was a little disappointed at the
speed controt of the keyer r though. It
seemed to have a very narrow realistic
speed range but would go phenomenally
high.
The FT-980 has a nice control and
metering setup for speech compression.
You can read dB of compression and use
the Monitor control and a pair of head-
phones to adjust the processor for maxi-
mum punch and minimum distortion while
listening to yourself. And an Automatic
Mike Gain control enables you to set a
modulation threshold to help eliminate
background noise. Although a little tricky
to adjust, these controls can give you tre-
mendous audio capabilities.
Recalling memory frequencies and re-
turning to your original frequency, using
the transmit and receive cfarifiers, and fig-
uring out Just what split frequencies you
are on is a little confusing at first. The yel-
low L£0s ne*t to some ot the switches
help, but because the radio can do so
much, it's a little overwhelming. You even-
tually feel comfortable after getting to ex-
periment for a while. Three Tab push -but-
tons can be employed on transmit and re-
ceive to limit the frequency excursion be-
tween a high and low limit you select. As
the manual states, possible uses tor this
feature include limiting operation to legal
bands or subbands of an operator's li-
cense class.
An FSK Shift slide switch on the rear
panel selects shifts of 170, 425, or B5G Hz
while the mark tone stays at 2125 Hz.
Power output Is limited to 50 Watts for
FSK as well as FM, 25 Watts on AM,
SP-OflO Remote Speaker
This outboard speaker not only com-
plements the FT-980, it also adds some
more knobs to twiddle during receive.
Built-in passive L-C circuits are switched
In and out of the circuit via front-panel se-
lector switches. Response curves on the
front panel show the bandpasses pro-
duced as the Low and High filter switches
are clicked through their ranges. An Input
switch enables you to select from two
separate audio inputs, and there's also a
Phones jack. Combined with the Tone
switch on the transceiver, the fitters pro-
vide an extra dimension in receive ca-
pability. All In all, a nice addition to the
station.
MD-1 Microphone
Yaesu rs penchant for buttons and
switches carries over into their "stand'*
microphone. In addition to a standby/
transmit switch located on the mike itself,
the rig's Up/Do wnfFast frequency-select
Rear panel of the FT-9BQ has almost as many switches as the front panel. The projecting
module holds the power amplifier (left) and the power supply (right).
Top view of the FT-930. The option®! keyer module is the small rectangular PC board
located at about the one-o'clock position. The vco, PLL and vfo subassemblies are under
the metal covers. Power supply and control circuitry are under the screened-in section at
the rear.
73 Magazine * February, 1984 91
buttons ere duplicated on the mike stand,
Just In caae you're comfortably settled In-
to your easy chair and can't quite reach
the tuning buttons on the rig. There's also
push -tot alk and lock switches, a high
{SOk-OhmVlow (600-Qhm} mike Impedance
switch, and a three-position tone switch.
The mike can be easily removed trom Its
cradle stand but the short cord limits your
mobility. An optional MH-1 hand-held
mike also Is available that includes
Up/Down/Fast pus h-bui tons and a two-
post Hon tone switch.
Conclusion
I really liked the FT 980 While It'*
designed wlih the serious amateur in
mind, it also can help simplify the oper-
ating position because It can include a
Keyer. swf monitor. FM circuitry tor trans-
vert er dftvs, lull break- in QSK switching
circuitry, a separate receivooniY anienna
switch, and a full array of interface con-
nectors, it also has rear-panel jacks that
access its internal microprocessor and a
serial interface that allows external con-
trol via an outboard microcomputer Un-
fortunately; details other than plug
pinouts and some cryptic signal names
are not provided. So you'll |usi have to ex-
periment (carefully).
The current crop o( amateur transceiv-
ers offers tremendous flexibility, along
with capabilities unheard of a few years
ago The penally for this is increasing
cost and initial bewilderment when con
fronted with the maze of controls and
switches- Bui get your hands on an FT -990
and spend some lime getting used to it I
think youli find this Is one nice piece of
equipment.
For more information, contact Yaesu
Electronics Corp. 6SS1 Waithatl Wayt
Paramount CA 90723, l2T3t&33-4QQ7,
Reader Service number 476.
Gene Smarte WB6TOV
Hancock NH
DX HIDDEN ASSET
LOOP ANTENNA
H. Stewart Designs has just Introduced
a new antenna design called the DX Hid-
den Asset Loop Anion na. What you get for
112,50 are the plans to build the antenna
and a complete description of the anten-
na Itself. Including hisiory, performance,
configuration, construction, and installa-
tion. It Is called I he OX Hidden Asset Loop
because It is capable of working DX, it can
be Installed indoors and 4s thus "hidden/1
it is undeniably a loop, and It Is an asset to
your station, Read on and find out how we
proved to our satisfaction that this anten
na is well-named.
73 received a prototype antenna that
had been made up by H. Stewart Designs
to illustrate the construction materials
and method of assembly. They even in-
cluded a wooden mounting support!
Jim Gray W1XU ashed me if I would be
interested in reviewing the DX Hidden
Asset Loop Antenna fof 73. I readily
agreed. Not knowing what to expect. I
went to work.
After opening Ihe pack ape, I discovered
that 1 had a support board with vertical an-
tenna sections already attached, two an-
tenna loops, each consisting of three
pieces of small diameter aluminum tub-
ing, connectors, clamps, four corner
pieces with clamps, and one set of plans
and instructions,
With the vertical elements already at-
tached to the support board {which had an
the necessary holes preOrilledl, 'I was
easy to insert the four corner pieces (tun-
ing elbows) through the holes provided
and slice them over the ends of the ver-
tical elements. The required distance bo
Bottom view, Tfte smatl door to which the memory backup-supply AA-cetis moimr
dangtes free. The circuitry on this side ts the M (left) and the ft fnghtj. Most of the rig is
fairty accessible.
(nslde the SP-980 speaker, If you've ideas for station accessories \ you have plenty of
room here.
tween the two loops (39. 5") was already
p re-marked on the support board, so the
next step was to clamp these pieces In
place with the hose clamps.
Nexi, l assembled the loops themselves
by butting the three pieces of tubing in the
connectors and clamping them with the
hose clamps. Then. I inserted the ends of
each loop Into the four elbow pieces to a
depth Indicated by black tape wrapped
about 9" from each end and clamped
them in place for a first trial. This resulted
in an assembly that looked like two large
basketball hoops, one above the other, at-
tached to the board and connected to
each other by a pair of vertical elements
spaced a few inches apart, forming a loop
at each end ol the board, The instructions
sard that the antenna should resonate at
285 MHz if the dimensions were followed
exactly during assembly. However, de-
pending upon the environment in which
the antenna is erected, it is possible thai
the resonant frequency will be slightly dif-
ferent due to house wiring, plumbing,
proximity to power lines, etc (in my case,
with the antenna in the attic, no changes
had to be made.)
t attached the vertical support board to
a horizontal two-by-four thai I nailed to the
attic rafters. Now it was time to connect
the coax to the parallel vertical elements.
One of these is separated by about an
inch in the middle, forming a gap across
which the coax is fastened. The shield
braid of the coax goes to one side (lower!
o* the element, and the center conductor
goes to the other (upper) side. Soldering is
easily and quickly accomplished. The
coax was then led away from the antenna
at right angles for about ten feet (instruc-
tions say for at least a naif-wave— 16
leet — for best results) and then downward
through a plastic conduit to my shack In
the basement.
After that, I was ready to get on the air,
but I felt that a test of swr should be made
first, so W1 XU brought over his bridge Ap-
plying power at 284 MHz (the lower end of
the 10- meter Novice band}, the swr came
out at less than 1.5:1. so i decided not to
change anything. Now for the ont he-air
test!
Within an hour's lime, I worked two
Texas stations on to meters. The band
had just opened, yet one station gave me
a 579, and the other (a few minutes latert
gave me a 599! This was with about 70
Watts output from my FT 707
Just for fun, we switched to 40 meters
to see if we could receive anything there.
Signals were jumping' So, what the heck,
it couldn't hurl to see if the antenna
loaded on 40, could it? Believe it or not. it
did, even though the swr was high. The
FT707 has a shut -down circuit in the final
to protect It from over toad, but I found that
the output was still about 50 Watts ... so I
went ahead and called CO. I wonXed one
ham in Maine and another in New Yorfc,
with a 559 and a 569, respectively' I was
hooked on the DX Hidden Asset Loop An-
tenna. Even on 80 meters, the reception t
get is remarkable, but I haven't had the
nerve to try transmitting on 80.
I feel that the antenna is highly suited
for emergency and Field Day communica-
tions and is ideal for the ham who lives In
an apartment or condominium or other-
wise must put up with limited space. The
DX Hidden Asset Loop Antenna occupies
a space only about six feet square and
four feet high, so t can highly recommend
it for any ham who has a space problem
Not only [hat. it works out like gangbust
ers on ten, so you will really have a DX an-
tenna— I'm sure.
General Description
In essence, the OX Hidden Asset Loop
Antenna is a single quad loop turned in
upon itself It retains the quad's charac-
teristics of quiet reception, low cost, and
ease of assembly. However, its configure*
tion is such that it can be installed in a
roughly cubical space thai Is apprgxi
mately equal to one-sixth wavelength on a
side at the operating frequency. The only
other requirement *s that the selected
installation site permit the coax to be
brought away from the antenna at right
angles for at least one-half of an electrical
wavelength.
One of the features of the OK Hidden
Asset Loop Antenna is direct feed with
50-Ohm coaxial cable without an antenna
coupler or matcher required. [We think
that its performance would certainly not
be hurt in the least by the unbalanced feed
recommended, but if desired, a balun
could be installed a! the feedpoint to en-
sure balanced feed of this balanced an-
tenna} The antenna is very broad banded,
you can expect a useful bandwidth of
about 3 to 5 percent of the resonant fre-
quency, meaning that on len meters. It will
cover between 500 kHz and 1 Mrt from
the resonant frequency. By sliding the ad-
justable-length pieces In and out, you can
set the resonant frequency anywhere you
want it in the band. Typically, the swr at
resonance will be 1.5:1 or less, and it Is
probable that you will be able to gel It
below 1,2:1 with careful tuning. However,
if the antenna is mounted close to con-
duelers like house wiring or copper
plumbing, you may have trouble getting
the swr as low as otherwise possible. One
good feature Is that H, Stewart Designs
covers these contingencies In the plans
and instructions and tells you how to
make the necessary adjustments to com-
pensate.
The only comment that might be con-
sidered a negative aspect Is that the DX
Hidden Asset Loop Antenna Is not yet
available in kit form! You will have to
make up your own kit from the instruc-
tions and plans. . .which won't be at all
difficult to do We hope that H Stewart
Designs will consider offering this unique
and practical antenna In kit form later on,
because we think they have a winner, Vm
sure you will think so. too, after you build
yours. Plans and Instructions are S 12.50
from R Stewart Oesigns. PO Sox 643,
Oregon City OB B7045. Reader Service
number 473.
Ross Kenyon KAtGAV
n Staff
BENCHER KEYER PADDLE
One of the great delights of CW is the
beautiful "music that can be generated
by a good operator using good equipment
Today's CW operator has the advantage
of a variety of keys and keyers to choose
from, most of which have full iambic capa-
bility. As you know, iambic-mode keying
allows certain characters to be formed
more easily and quickly. For example, let-
ters like F, L, QT Y, and so forth require
92 73 Magazine * February, 1964
fewer paddle movements when keyed in
the Iambic mode.
Many operators have discovered the
Bencher full- iambic keyer paddle, suitable
for use with aJi of the efectronic keyers
and weH Known for its functional beauty.
In fact, i have been using a Bencher p ad-
dle since 1979 and find that I like it better
and better each year It seems to be set-
tling in. _ .or perhaps I am the one that's
settling inf Unfortunately, i never teamed
Iambic keying, and I use the Key in the or-
dinary bug fashion. Just the other day I
was talking with Bob Locher W9KNI, who
—with Jerry Benedict— is a partner in
Bencher, |nc> (Benedict plus Locher =
Bencher.) I lamented the fact that I had
never learned iambic keying and therefore
wasn't making full use of my paddle. Bob
laughed and said* '"You're not alone, but
we have just developed something for
hams like you and for hams who are used
to a bug— a non-iambic paddle for use
with either full-Iambic or non-iambic
keyers."
We chatted a while longer about keys,
keyers, and paddles, and, after a bit of
adroit arm-twisting on my part, Boh finally
knuckled under and promised to send me
one of the new paddles, realizing perhaps
that I was one of the last old-fashioned
holdouts who could never learn iambic
CW. Maybe he just took pity on me.
Whatever the reason, i soon received a
large box full of plastic worms. Buried
within the plastic protection was a
smaller box enclosing the key. Inside that
box I found a cardboard partition or separ-
ator that holds the very heavy paddle base
in place and prevents the relatively del-
icate paddle mechanism from being dis-
lodged and damaged during shipment.
The entire package is neat, strong, and ex-
tremely well designed. . .a hint about the
contents, too!
The key itself looked much like the orig-
inal—only better, if that is possible, ft has
Model ST-2 Bencher peddle.
a heavy chrome-plated base with rubber
feet that keep the key solidly in place on
your bench or desk and inhibit its walking
around when energetically operated. The
paddles and their unique grin bailed ac-
tuating mechanism are supported on stur-
dy pillars screwed into the base. The
finger pads are clear plastic ovals (as op-
posed to triangles on the original Bencher
paddles) with chamfered, or bevelled,
edges that invite your fingers to slip over
them while keying . - , providing a very nice
feel.
The tension spring is very easy to adjust
on this model because the spring loop is
captured by an adjustable screw with a
knurled knob at the center post. The con-
tact space adjustment between paddles
and slide posts Is made as before, with
Allen screws and lock screws set into the
posts. Bencher has thoughtfully supplied
the Allen wrench for you> attached to the
WHAT DO YOU THINK?
Have you recently purchased a new product that has been reviewed in 73? II
you have, write and tell us what you think about it. 73vni\ publish your comments
so you can share them with other hams, as part of our continuing effort to bring
you the best in new product Information and reviews. Send your thoughts to
Review Editor, 73: Amateur Radio's Technical Journal, Peterborough MH 03456.
underneath side of the base, where it
can't get lost. Perfect spacing adjustment
and tension, suited to your own specifica-
tions, can be obtained Quickly and easily
the first time you try.
The two sides of the key, that is, the
paddle electrical contacts, are brought
through the base by insulated bushings to
solder lugs attached by TO-32 Phillips-
head screws. The ground side of the key is
a solder lug firmly screwed to the base it
self. There is also a plastic retainer that
firmly holds the lead wire from your pad-
die to your electronic keyer. The wire is
not provided, of course, but the one you
use now will be satisfactory. I use a vinyl-
covered, double conductor, shielded Ga-
ble. . .similar In size and appearance to a
microphone cable, or a piece of coax.
After the electrical attachments are made
to the solder lugs, the cable is clamped
down so that the connections canTt pull
loose.
You'll find the Bencher paddle easy and
pleasant to use. . .it seems to invite your
fingers to use it easily and correctly. In my
own case, I was extremely pleased to find
that I stopped making keying errors
through misuse of the iambic feature. My
CW improved perceptibly, if not dramati-
cally. I think you'll like your new Bencher
paddle, especially if (like me) you don't
know iambic keying, yet you want a key
that will enable you to get the most out of
your electronic keyer and make beautiful
'music/'
The Bencher paddle, Model ST-1 (black-
finished base), is available at $46.95 am-
ateur net. Model ST-2 (chrome-finished
base) is priced at $59.95, and Model ST 3
(gold-plated base, available on special
order) costs $150.00. Write to Bencher,
tnc„ 333 West Lake Street, Chicago IL
6GGQ6. Reader Service number 477
Jim Gray W1XU
73 Staff
RTTY LOOP
Marc I Leavey, M.D. WA3AJR
6 Jenny Lane
Pikesville MO 21208
It's February, and, not to offend the fol-
lowers of your friendly neighborhood
groundhog. I'd like to celebrate Valen-
tine's Day this year, A Valentine to all of
you readers, who send me the most inter-
esting mail.
I would fike to lead off with a note from
Peter Martinez G3PLX of AMTOR fame. In
part, Peter writes, "I am glad to see that in-
terest is picking up over there after such a
long time. It seemed for many years that
AMTOR was strictly a European system*
'It is true that in the early days of
AMTOR, I was offering a program that
would run AMTOR on a 6800-based com-
puter, but this was written in source code
only and was incomplete in that it re-
quired all the interfacing to the computer
hardware to be written. There were very
few people able enough to use the pro-
gram in this form.
"So this program Is no longer available,
and I turned my attention at that time to
designing a small PCSf with on-board
CPU, ROM, etc., which would enable peo-
ple to get on the air much easier than tack-
ling the difficult software task. The Mk2
version of this kit Is still available from
ICS Electronics Ltd, PO Box 2, Arundel,
West Sussex, England, either in kit form
or as a ready-made board. It requires a sin-
gle 5-volt supply, and will interface at TTL
serial Baudot code to any existing RTTY
system.
"I think you will see that the initial ap-
proach to AMTOR In Its early days 5 years
or so ago has fallen by the wayside and
given way to others. There are not. as
then, very many experienced machine-
code programmers amongst the amateur-
radio fraternity, and most users now and
in the future will prefer to buy ready-made
hardware or software, There will be no
shortage of either before very long,1'
I do appreciate these comments, ex-
cerpted from a much longer letter written
by this pioneer of AMTOR,
Bill Emerson WA1EVD, D.M.D., passes
along his comments that he would like to
see a compilation of RTTY Loop columns
and also that, "I hear more AMTOR now,
but 60>wpm Baudot is still the common
mode. Lingua Franca?" I suspect that
Murray, or Baudot, wiir remain such for
quite a while, Bill. With the number of ma-
chines out there, I doubt if the "sixty stan-
dard" will soon roll over and die.
Nonetheless, several of you are ex-
pressing various forms of interest in com-
puterized RTTY. Lester L Johnson AHGAA
of Sandpoint, Idaho, relates hawing built a
demodulator from an article in an old is-
sue of 73. He couples that with a commer-
cial AFSK oscillator and a TRS-80(R) com-
puter, model unspecified. Lester would
like a way to interface his computer to the
terminal unit and such He notes that the
I/O structure of the Model I TRS-SO is dif-
ferent than the Model HI; but does not say
which he has. I do not have any ready in-
formation to accomplish this, Lester, but I
am sure that a number ot our readers
have. Let me hear from you out there, and I
will publish the best schemes tor all to
benefit.
Lester also notes that he would like to
run his rig, a Kenwood TS-120, on RTTY,
with the power cut back to about ten
Watts, I would say, off the top of my head,
that this shouid be okay. Normally, cut-
ting the power back to that extent should
be sufficient to protect the finals from
overheating. I have run my IGQ-Watt trans-
mitter at about 50 or 60 Watts for pro-
longed periods without damage, but \ like
to take chances!
Another computer user is Anson R.
Hyde K4EK, M.D. Or. Anson, who lives in
Alexandria, Virginia, just over the river
from Washington DC, has used his IBM-
PC on two-meter ASCII RTTY using a tele-
phone modem to output tones. He would
like to know if there are any programs
around to run Murray on this machine.
Well, that is one machine that 1 have seen
nothing for RTTY printed on. I don't know
if IBM-PC users are not the "hamming"
type (\ suspect that they are not) or if the
average ham is looking for a more modest-
ly priced machine (so that that is where
the manufacturers concentrate their mar
keting), but RTTY for the IBM-PC? Zip! I
would encourage anyone who has put to-
gether such a program to write it up and
send it to me here for inclusion in a future
column, or make it a full scale article and
send it to our fair editor. We're waiting,
we're waiting!
Greetings to Dean E. Strand KAOKKZof
Davenport, Iowa. Dean passes along a
string of thoughts, a few of which I shall
share with you ail. Dean notes that he is
using a Robot 600 keyboard, and when us-
ing it on CW in the Novice bands, he likes
to set it to send characters at ten words
per minute, with five-word-per-minute
spacing. He feels that this makes the
code more copyable and helps the new-
comer improve his code speed. I agree,
Oeanp and this has even been the way the
best code tapes &re made.
Dean writes he has difficulty tuning in
stations using a dedicated scope display
on his terminal unit. Well, In an edition of
this coiumn several years agoT I covered
how to hook up a general -purpose oscillo-
scope to act as a tuning device for RTTY.
All you need are mark and space signals
out of your demodulator. Feed them to the
vertical and horizontal input of any old
scope and tune the " + " pattern to maxi-
mum. Cheap scopes can be picked up at
most hamfests and can be used for other
things when not tuning In a RTTY signal.
Like all of us, Dean is looking to com-
puterize his station. He notes that "there
are at least two ways to go, one to get a
good general-purpose computer {when I
say good, I mean DEC Rainbow, IBM-PC,
or HP Professional class, not VIC or Alari
73 Magazine • February, 1984 93
f
stuff) and use and Interface. . .that in-
cludes AMTGFL The other way would be to
get a. . .top-of-t he-line unit. . .with all the
whistles and bells.1' Now hold on, Dean. I
think you mtght find that the top-of-t he-
Mire computers you mentioned might Just
be overkill for a ham shack. Don't knock
the cheap stuff. I just got another small
computer in here, a TRS-QOC {also known
as the CoGo), and am amazed at what can
be done. The 6809 is a fantastic chip that
can run rings around many other systems.
If you want a big computer for business
use or such, fine, but don't seli the little
Stuff short, it ain't so little anymore.
Leonard Laurel WA6FBL of Fort eragg.
California, is one of those with what might
be considered a small system. He is look-
ing to hook up his TI-99MA on RTTY. Well,
Lan, as I write this column, the newspaper
is filled with the news of Texas Instru-
ments* decision lo stop production of the
99MA, so I don't know what the future
holds. As with the IBM-PC, I have seen
next to nothing in print about using the
99/4 A on RTTY- I only hope that someone
out there is doing it and sending the infor-
mation in to be passed along. Good luck.
From the "left hand don't know what
the right hand is doing" department
comes a note from Karl Thurber WBFX
from Millbrook, Alabama. Karl asks,
"Have you run into anyone who has suc-
cessfully interfaced a Commodore
VIC 1525 printer to a Hal CT-2100 Commu-
nications Terminal? The Commodore
printer (which Is the standard one used
commonly with the VIC-20 and C-64 com-
puters) has a so-called 'Commodore serial
ASCII' bus, while the GT-2100 has provi-
sions for an 'ASCII printer' and 'RS-232C
output, neither of which appears to be suit-
aofe for connection to the 1525 printer
without some sort of Interface. A tetter to
Hal brought a 'we know nothing about
that printer" response, so I'm stymied at
this point."
The first thing which occurs to me is to
check that both devices are operaling at
the same baud rate. It Is posstbie that one
may be set at, say, 110 baud — like for a
Teletype KSR-33— where the other may be
at 300 ort200 baud, such as most serial
printers are. Also, check to see if the
Ready To Send (RTS) and Clear To Send
(CTS) lines are used to inhibit and enable
print, and. If so. that they are hooked up
correctly. Without some sort of documen-
tation, those are my first suggestions.
Perhaps others have done this hookup
and will let us know. I have confidence in
you all out there I
Several of you In your letters suggested .
that a book compilation of the first several
years of this column would be helpful. I
agree with you. but it will take more than
your notes to me and my intentions to
make such a book a reality. Drop a line to
the editor of 73, and to me as well, and let
us know that there are enough of you out
there interested to make a go of it- In the
meantime, keep up with all the new devel-
opments yet to come. With the arrival of
the CoCo here In the shack, I hope to be
able to take a look at some of the 6809
software that has been floating around
beyond my reach for a while. As soon as I
see it, I'll tell you about it— right here, in
RTTY Loop.
CONTESTS
Robert Baker WB2GFE
15 Windsor Dr.
Atco NJ 08004
ARIZONA 050 PARTY
Starts: 1800 GMT February 4
Ends: 0600 GMT February 5
Sponsored by the Southern Arizona DX
Association, Single-operator and club en-
tries; all bands and modes but no repeater
contacts allowed. Each station may be
worked only once per band per mode.
EXCHANGE:
RSfT) and state, province, DXCC coun-
try, or Arizona county. Novices and Tech-
nicians also sign I N or ft respectively.
FREQUENCIES:
Phone-3895, 7230K 14280, 21365,
CW— 60 kHz up from lower band edge.
Novice— 25 kHz up from Jower band
edge.
SCORING:
Count 1 point per phone QSO, 2 points
for each CW or other mode QSO, and 4
points per OSO wtth Novice or Technician
In the Novice bands. Arizona stations mul-
tiply QSO points by number of states, prov-
inces, and DXCC countries. Others multi-
ply QSO points by number of Arizona
counties (15 max.). The club station
W7NO also counts as 1 multiplier for non-
Arizona stations. Non- Arizona stations
working all Arizona counties and W7NQ
may double the multiplier,
AWARDS
Certificates for the highest-scoring sta-
tion In each category: Arizona, non-
Arizona, and NovicejTechrncian. In addi-
tion, certificates for highest score in any
Arizona county, state, province, or DXCC
country In which there are entries.
Other certificates for Arizona and non-
Arizona clubs whose members' scores
combine for the highest score. Club en-
tries must consist of at least 5 Individual
entries to be eligible. Club residency is de-
termined by mailing address.
ENTRIES:
Individual entries should show each
station worked, exchange plus time,
frequency, and mode of each QSO. In-
clude a summary sheet of your scoring
and dupe sheets for bands with more than
50 QSOs. Entries may designate one club
with which they are participating.
Deadline for Individual entries to be
received is March 4.
Club entries should be submitted by a
club officer with a summary of callsigns
and claimed scores. To be counted to-
ward the club total, the individual entries
must also designate the club, Deadl ine for
club summaries is April 4.
Include a large SASE for results. Entries
should be addressed to: Southern Arizona
DX Association, do Philip M. Stickney
N7BUP, 1890 West Paseo Cuenca, Tucson
AZ 65704
ZERO DISTRICT QSO PARTY
1900 GMT February 4 to 0100
GMT February 5 and 1500 GMT
February 5 to 2400 GMT
February 5
Sponsored by the Davenport Radio
Amateur Club. Stations outside of Zero
district will work Zero stations only. Zeros
may work any station. The same station
may be worked once on each band (80, 40\
20, "t5j and 10 meters only) and each mode
(CW and phone). However, mobile sla^
tions may be worked each time they
Ghange counties
EXCHANGE:
R&fT) and ARAL section. Zero-District
stations also. must send county.
FREQUENCIES:
3560, 7060, 14060, 21060, £8060, 3900.
7270, 14300, 21370, 2B57G, 3725, 712&,
21125, and 28125,
SCORING ;
Each phone QSO Is worth one point;
CW QSOs are worth two points, Non-Zero-
District stations multiply by the number of
Zero-District counties. Zeros multiply
QSO points by the total ARAL sections,
Zero-District counties, and DXCC coun-
tries worked.
ENTRIES & AWARDS:
A plaque will be awarded to the high
scorer In the Zero District and high scorer
from outside Zero Land. Certificates will
be awarded for high scores in each ARRL
section, DXCC country, Novice/Techni-
cian class, and mobile categories.
Results and a participation certificate will
be issued to all entrants who include an
SASE. Mail logs by March 10 to WGBXR,
2131 Myrtle. Davenport IA S2B04.
SOUTH CAROLINA QSO PARTY
Stalls: 1800 GMT February 4
Ends: 2359 GMT February 5
The OSO party is again sponsored by
the Colleton County Gontestors. The
same station may be worked on each
band and mode, simplex only. South
Carolina mobile stations that change
counties are considered new stations.
CALENDAR
Feb 4-5
Feb 4-5
Feb 4-5
Feb 4-5
Feb 4-6
Feb 11-12
Fab 18-19
Feb 18-19
Feb 18-20
Feb 24-26
Feb 25
Mar 3-4
Marl 7-1 B
Mar 17-18
Mar 17-18
Jul 13-15
Aug 11-12
Aug 24-27
Sep 22-23
South Carolina QSO Parly
Arizona QSO Party
Vermont OSO Party
Zero District QSO Party
New Hampshire OSO Party
Dutch PACC Contest
YL-ISSB Commo System QSO Party— Phone
ARRL DX Contest— CW
America Radio Club International DX Contest
CQ Worldwide 160 Meter DX Contest— SSB
RTTY World Championship Contest
ARRL OX Corneal— Phone
YL ISSB Commo System QSO Party— CW
Bermuda Contest
Spring ORP CW Activity Weekend
AS International SSTV-DX Contest
New Jersey QSO Party
AS North American UHF FSTV-DX Contest
Lata Summer ORP CW Activity Weekend
Novice and Technician stations please
sign JN or FT,
EXCHANGE:
RSfT) and state, province, country, or
South Carolina county.
SCORING:
Phone contacts are worth 2 QSO points;
CW contacts are worth 3 points. The mul-
tiplier for South Carolina stations is the
number of states, provinces, and DX coun-
tries worked. Others multiply QSO points
by the number of South Carolina counties
worked (46 max.).
FREQUENCIES:
Phone— 3895. 7230, 14280. 21365,
28560.
CW-3560, 7060, 14060, 21060, 2&060.
Novice— 3725, 7125,21 125, 28125.
AWARDS:
Certificates to top-scoring station in
each South Carolina county, state1 prov-
ince, and DX country. Novices and Tech ni-
cians compete only with other Novices
and Technicians.
ENTRIES:
include a summary sheet with your en-
try showing scoring and other informa-
tion- indicate each new multiplier In your
fog as it is worked. Novices and Techni-
cians must Indicate class on entry In-
clude a large BASE for results. Send entry
by March 5 to: Colleton County Con-
testers, c/o Elliott Farrell, Jr. KE4VP; Rtf 3
Box 65fi, Wallerboro SC 294B8.
VERMONT QSO PARTY
2100 GMT February 4 to 0700
GMT February 5 and 1100 to
2400 GMT February 5
Sponsored by the Central Vermont
Amateur Radio Club (W1BD). Each station
may be contacted once on each band and
mode (CW, phone, RTTY). CW and RTTY
contacts must be in the CW and RTTY
eubbands.
RESULTS
1983 ARIZONA QSO PARTY
CERTIFICATE WINNERS
ARIZONA STATIONS
Cell QTH Score
K6LL Yuma County 75,468
K&7KZ Pima County 16,965
NON-ARIZONA STATIONS
W5PWG Texas 200
94 73 Magazine • February, 1984
EXCHANGE:
OSO number and slate, province, coun-
try, of two-letter designator tor Vermont
county (AD. BE, CA. CHH ES, Fa 61, LA.
OE. OS. RU. WA, WM. WRl. Do not send
RSfT)
FMEOUftfC'ES:
Phone— 3910, 7230, 14260, 14320.
21360.28570.50,110. 144_£
CW— 3530, 3730. 7030, 7130, 14060,
21060,21160.28060,
RTTY— 3620 and "090 other RTTY sub-
bands,
SCORING:
Score one point per phone contact, 2
points per CW or HTTY, Vermont si at ions
multiply OSO points by number pi states
plea Canadian provinces plus ARRL coun-
tries (exclude USC ana da), Others multi-
ply OSO points by the number of Vermont
counties (14 max.).
AWARDS
For non- Vermont stations, certificate to
highest set)""*) station in each stale,
province, and country. Certificates will be
given each Vermont station submitting a
log; annua J plaque to highest scoring Ver-
mont station. vWT Award given to
stations working 13 of Vermont's 14
counties,
ENTRIES:
Send an SASE for official log and score
sheets. Send logs/facsimiles, name, class
of license, and address not later than
March t to D Nevin KK1U, W. Hill. North-
field VT 05663. Include an SASE lor a copy
of the results.
NEW HAMPSHIRE OSO PARTY
1900 GMT February 4 to 0700
GMT February 6 and 1400 GMT
February 5 to 0200 GMT
February 6
Sponsored by the New Hampshire Ama-
teur Radio Association. Stations may be
worked once per band per mode. New
Hampshire stations may work each other.
EXCHANGE:
Send RS<T) and country, ARRL section,
or New Hampshire county, as ap-
propriate.
FREQUENCIES:
Phone-3935. 3975. 7235, 142BQ, 21380,
38575,50115, 145015,
CW-1810, 3555. 7055. 14055, 21055,
28055.
Novice— 3730, 7130. 21130. 2Bl30i
RTTY-3625. 7085, 14085. 21085, 28085.
SCORING:
New Hampshire stations score 1 point
per 050, multiplied by the number of
ARRL sections plus countries plus New
Hampshire counties. Others score 5
points per New Hampshire QSO times the
number of New Hampshire counties
worked.
ENTRIES:
Send your entry no later than March 15
to Pete Cantara K1IM. 19 Haverhill St.,
Hudson NH 03051. Include a large SASE
for results.
DUTCH PACC CONTEST
Starts: 1400 GMT February 11
Ends: 1700 GMT February 12
Use all bands, 160 through 10 meters on
CW and SSB. No cross mode operations
allowed. Each station may be worked only
once per band regardless of mods, Oper-
INDIANAPOLIS REPEATER ASSOCIATION
NEWSLETTER OF THE MONTH
We think that the Beacon is one of the best newsletters we've ever seen. Ba-
sically. II Is peeked with Information: news notes, hamfest and dub calendars,
bylaw excerpts, net skeds, reports from members and other media, contest and
OX into. League newsh a membership application, and more. You name It and If s
in the Beacon— and it's presented In a very neat, easy to read format Congrat-
ulations to Editor Mike Head W99ZOE and the Indianapolis Repeater Associa
(ion, The Beaco/t is a real winner.
To enter your newsletter in 7J"s Newsletter of the Month Contest, send il to 73.
Pine Street, Peterborough NH 03458. Attn: Newsletter of the Month.
ating categories include single operator,
mult i -operator, and SWL
EXCHANGE
RSfH plus sequential QSO serial num-
ber starling with 001 Dutch stations will
send their two-letter province abb/evia-
Hon instead of a QSO number. GR. FR. DR.
OV, GD. UT, VP, NH. ZK ZL NB, and LB,
SCORING:
Each QSO with PA, PB, or PI counts One
point. Multiply QSO points by the number
of provinces worked on each band (72
max.).
SWLS count one point per Dutch sta
lion heard and multiply by provinces
heard on each band (72 max,},
ENTRIES
As usual, a score calculation is re-
quired. Please use a multiplier column
and insert multipliers only if new. A log
must be signed for observations of the
contest rules. SWL togs must contain con
deg roups given by the Dutch station and
the foreign station worked with. Send logs
no later than March 31 to: F. Th. Oosthoek
PA0INA, PD Box 499. 4600 AL Bergen op
Zoom. Netherlands.
A certificate will be awarded to each
country winner in each category along
with the second- and third-place stations
provided that there are sufficient partici-
pants in that country. Certificates will
also go to winners it> each call districi of
JAt LUr FY, UA9JI, VEfVOr VK, W, Zl_ and
ZS.
AMERICA RADIO CLUB
INTERNATIONAL
DX CONTEST
Starts: 0500 GMT February 18
Ends: 0500 GMT February 20
Any amateur station making two con-
RESULTS
1983 DUTCH PACC
CONTEST
USA WINNERS 8Y CALL AREA
QSOs Mutt Score
K1KI 129 46 5934
WA2UDT 31 IB 558
VV3ARK 63 30 1890
W4VQ 106 37 3922
KN60 8 5 40
N6ZX/7 11 7 70
WDflMGQ 28 20 560
vVSQA 47 19 893
vVOKZV 22 13 286
tacls with America Radio Club DX many
bar operators during the two-day contest
will be eligible to apply for the Special Sil-
ver QSL Award. Stations making three
contacts will be eligible for the Speciat
Gold QSL Award Contacts must be made
during the two-day period listed above.
Suggested frequencies include all author-
ized frequencies in the 10-, 15-. 20-, and
40-meter phone and CW bands. Exchange
HS(D and QTH. SWL stations may also ap-
ply for this award on a heard basis. For
special awards, send QSL and $2.00 In US
funds or 6 IRCs to: America Radio Club
QSO Contest. PO Sox 3576, Hialeah FL
33013.
YL4SSB COM MO SYSTEM
QSO PARTIES
Phone
Starts: 0001 GMT February 18
Ends: 2359 GMT February 19
CW
Starts: 0001 GMT March 17
Ends: 2359 GMT March 18
Use the General portion of all bands
Deadline tor all logs, summary sheets,
and comments Is June t. Entries should
be addressed to: flick and Mlnnke Connor-
|y, Star Route 1h Crocker MO 65452, In-
dividuals needing extra application and
instruction forms send a 4 x 9 SASE to
the same address
CO WORLDWIDE 160-METER
CONTEST — SSB
Starts: 2200 GMT February 24
Ends: 1600 GMT February 26
Operating classes include both single
and multi-operator i maximum of 5 ops per
station).
EXCHANGE:
RS plus QTH, state lor USA, and prov-
ince for Canada.
RESULTS
1983 AS NORTH AMERICAN
UHFFSTV CONTEST
1 K6YGX/W6VCF 26,530
2 WBOZJP 9,420
3 WB0MCF 5440
4 VY2WHK 4T520
5 KA08VT 4,360
6 VY2RPQ 3J55
7 N2BJ 3.350
8 WA2CXW ZS15
9 WB2KGM 1,695
SCORING
Contacts with stations withm own
country are 2 points, other countries but
same continent are 5 points, other con-
tinents are 10 points. KH6 and KL7 are
considered countries.
Multipliers are each US state. VE pro*
ince, end DX country. USA and Canada
are not country multiplier a However,
there are three VEi provinces: New
Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Ed-
ward Island- Final score is total QSO
points limes the sum of the multipliers.
Maritime mobile scoring, will be deter-
mined by the location.
AWARDS:
Certificates to the top scorers in each
class in each US state, VE province, and
OX country. Special plaques are also be-
ing awarded for top USA, Europe, and
world scores,
PENAL TIES:
Three additional contacts will be delet-
ed front the score for each duplicate,
false, or unverihable contact removed
from the log. A second multiplier also will
removed for each one lost by this action.
Violation of the rufes and regulations
pertaining to amateur radio in the country
of ihm contestant or the rule of the con-
test, or unsportsmanlike conduct, or tak-
ing credit for excessive duplicate con-
tacts or multipliers will be deemed suffi-
cient cause for disqualification. Dis-
qualified stations or operators may be
barred from competing In CQ contests for
a period of up to three years.
ENTRIES:
Sample log and summary sheets may
be obtained from CQ by sending a large
SASE with sufficient postge to cover your
request, it is not necessary to use the offi-
cial form, you can use your own. Logs
should have 40 contacts per page and
show time in GMT. numbers sent and
received, and separate columns lor QSO
points and multipliers. Indicate the
multiplier only the first time it is worked.
Include a summary sheet with your en-
try showing the scoring and other essen-
tial information, and a signed declaration
that all rules and regulations have been
observed. Mailing deadline tor SSB en-
tries la March 31. Logs can be sent direct-
ly to the 160 Contest Director; Don Mc-
Clenon N4IN. 3075 Florida Avenue,
Melbourne FL 32901 USA. Alternatively.
they can be sent to CQ 1 60- Meter Contest.
76 North Broadway, Hicksviiie NY Ti60i
USA Please indicate "SSB" on the
envelope1.
3RD ANNUAL
RTTY WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP
0OO0Z to 2400Z
February 25, 1964
SPONSORED BY:
71 Amateur flaoVos Techmcat Journal
and The RTTY Journal
OPERATOR CLASSES
(A) Sfngle operator single transmit let tBi
Multi-operator, Single transmitter
ENTRY CATEGORIES
IA] Single band <Bi At l band 1060 meters
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
The same station may oe worked once on
each banc Crossmode contacts do rxa
count SmgleHOperator stations may work 16
hours maximum, while mui I ■ -operator si a
tions may operate the entire 24-hour period
73 Magazine • February, 1984 95
Off times are no less than 30 minutes e<i I
and most be noted M your roots)
EXCHANGE
Stations within the 46 conlingntai United
Stales and Canada must transmit AST and
State Of province/territory All otners must
transmit RST and consecutive contact
QSO P&NTS
5 QSO DQ*ni$ to* contacts wrth WrVE sta
lions located *>tnm the commercial Un*ted
States and Canada lOQSO points for an oth
e* contacts
MULTIPLIER POINTS
t mult i plier point is awarded for each of
the 48 continental United States {a District of
Columbia contact may be substituted tor a
Maryland muliiplien. Canadian prcwinces/ter
modes, and DX countries worked on each
band (excluding US and Canada;
*AL P&NTS
l04a! QSO points times Tolal mump
equals crammed score
CONTEST ENTRIES
E nines most include a separafe log for
eacti band a dupe sheet a summary sheet a
multiplier checklist and a i-isi at ecju«pment
used Contestants are ashed to send an
SASE to ihe contest address for official
lorrns
ENTRY DEADLINE
All entries must be postmarked no later
lhan April 15 1964,
DtSOuAUffCA TtONS
Omission ot the required entry fpfms
operating m excess of legal power, mamp
uiatmg scores or times to acn*eve a score ad
.anrage or failure to omtt duplicate contacts
*twcn would reduce the overaN score more
man 2 ■ are an grounds for immediate das
qualification Decisions ol the contest cnm-
mittee are final
AWARDS
Contest awards wtll be issued in each en-
try category and operator class m e#ct> ol (he
US ca$l districts and Canadian provtnces/ier
mones as wew as <n each DX country repre-
sented Other awards may be issued at the
discretion of trie awards committee A min-
imum of 25 OSOs must be worked to be eiiO/
tie for awards
CONTEST ADDRESS
RTPr" World Oiamp*onship, c/0 The RTTY
Journal PO Bo* R> Car a ill CA 92007
Chod Harris VP2ML
Box 4881
Santa Rosa CA 95402
QATAR
One of several tiny countries around the
Persian Gulf, Qatar's chief claim to fame
is ita black, gooey, crude otl under a bat-
ran landscape Actually Qatar is a penin-
sula slicking into the Persian Gulf Irorn
Arabia, not far from the island country of
Bahrain Most of Qatar's 4000 square
mites are barren sand and tow mils, annu-
al rainfall is about 5 inches Most of the
country's 170.000 inhabitants live in the
capital City of Do -a
As are most Middle Eastern countries,
Qatar is antagonistic toward strangers
These countries are nigniv SUtptcJOttB 0l
foreigners and not only discourage but ac
tuaHy prohibit most visitors, (Consider
Iran's feelings toward Americans, Tor ex
ample.) DXpeditions and amateur opera-
tions by foreigners Living in these coun-
tries are seldom permitted, and few of the
native amateur operators spend much
time handing out DX contacts or QSL
cards. So the report of an American with a
well-equipped station active from Qatar is
good news indeed.
Mike Smedal A71AD (Photo A) is the
first foreigner to receive an amateur radio
license since the country became inde-
pendent U years ago To qualify for the li-
cense. Mi ha had to show that he worked
and lived m Qatar , and he had to pass a se-
curity clearance That done and the S25Q
license fee paid, A71AD was on the air
Mike's station includes a Yaesu FT-i
transceiver feeding a Yaesu FL-21D0Z
amp. When conditions get a tittle rough,
Mike runs the output of the Yaesu amp in-
to an export version of Alpha's 77SX am
pi i fier! The antenna farm is also first class
tPholo B>: a Hy-Gain TH7DDX above a Hy-
Gam 402BA twoelemeni 40-meter beam
An inverted V provides 80-meter coverage
Mike says that the TH7 handles the high-
power levels without difficulty- Mike runs
RTTY on his Radio Shack TR5-8G Model i
ami Is active on OSCAR, too.
The best times to look for Mike (and oth-
er Middle Eastern amateurs) are Thursday
evening and Friday, The work week is sly
days long In Qatar, with Friday {the Arab
holy day) as the day otf. So their equiva-
lent to our weekend is Thursday night and
Friday.
On the subjeel of QSL cards, Mike
writes, "Please tetf everyone that we do
not have a radio ctub in Qatar. Therefore.
73 Magazine ■ February, 1964
we do not have a QSL bureau. If [DXers]
want a QSL card, please QSL direct to P0
Box 4747. Doha. State of Qatar, Middle
East,"
SAUDI ARABIA
An exception to the no-visitor policy of
the Middle Eastern countries was made
for the recent visit of Lloyd and Ins CoSvm,
W6KG and W&QL of Yasme DXpedition
fame. The Co Wins managed not only to
visit most of the countries in the region,
but also actually obtained permission to
operate in many of them.
Iris faced special problems in Saudi
Arabia. Women occupy a very special role
In the Arab world, quite different from that
In the more liberal Western nations. Wom-
en are seldom seen out In public, and then
only heavily veiled. Those few women who
do venture out ot doors find themselves
escorted to the head of the line and re-
ceive other special attentions On the oth-
er hand, an unveiled woman in Saudi Ara-
bia faces a nasty surprise from Ihe local
authorities,
Saudi policemen cairy two Hems on
Their belts a can Ol bi&CSI Iftfiy pamf tff^
an ice p+ck. Upon seeing a woman with
bare face or arms. Ihe policeman will, very
politely spray black paint over the ex
Pnoro A. Mike Smedat A7TAD rn his *ett organized and weH-eqwpped shack in Doha,
Qatar
Photo B, The antenna farm at A/IAD, including a TH? and 2 elements on 40 meters tn the
foreground are the Oscar TO antennas.
posed skin! (The ice pick sees similar ser-
vice Jn the Saudi's swift, uncomplicated
lust ice system. Illegally parked automo-
biles are not ticketed or towed. The police-
man simply stabs all four tires with the ice
pick!) And petty theft is unknown; the Sau
dis still cut off the hand of an offender.
In the amateur-radio field, most of the
local hams are big wheels in the govern-
ment or are in the Saudi family, which \s
the same thing. With the billions ot dollars
flowing into the country as the oil flows
out. Saudi hams can afford good equip-
ment. One local ham employs a graduate
electronics engineer just to maintain his
amateur -radio station1
However, the Baud* prmces aren't likely
to spend much time running stateside
hams in plleups One of your oest bets to
work Saudi Arabia is HZ TAB. (he amateur-
radio club at the American compound on
the Persian Gulf, which is home m Saudi
Arabia tor about 50.0X30 foreigners NZi AB
is another first -class station, with Collins
S-lmes, amplifiers, and a substantial an-
tenna farm. The latter includes a rhombic,
rot a table KLM th bander and a 2e lenient
beam on 40 meters The Colvms operated
the ARftL CW OX Test from HZ1AE. but
could work the States for only about 7
hours a day
Among the regular operators of HZ1AB
are Dave Ernest W7SE and N60L QSL the
station through K8PYD, ex cop I for the
February 19-20, 1983, operation by the
Golvins. which Is confirmed via Yasme,
Box 2025, Castro Valley CA 94546.
QRO— EXCESSIVE POWER
Lloyd and Iris Golvin stopped by Hous-
ton between expeditions this past fall. At
the International DX Seminar, held in con-
junction with the AHRL National Conven-
tion, the Col v ins joined several other
prominent DXets and contest ers on the
panel discussion ol excessive power in
amateur radio. The problem of excessive
power drew a large and interested crowd
to hear the DXers discuss alternative solu-
tions.
The seminar opened with a discussion
of what we mean by "excessive power ..'"
Under the old FCC regulations, any ampli-
fier was restricted to a maximum ol about
800 Wafts output. However, many of Ihe
"standard" off-ihe-sheil amplifiers openly
sold in the amateur community were ca-
pable of significantly greater power lev-
els, often 50% more. Active contest ers
and DXers owned amplifiers capable of
running power levels above the FCC maxi-
mum because of the greater dependabili-
ty and longer lifetime of an ' "over-rated"
amp. A 1000- Wat l amplifier running lGGQ
Watts alt the time won't hold up as well as
a 2000-Watt amp coasting along at half
power
However, there was always a strong
temptation, particularly in DX pileups and
contests, to run the amp fiat out, 'Tuning
Photo C Gene Zimmerman W3ZZ (standing} makes a pomt at the Excessive Power
seminar of the First Interrtationai DX Symposium, m Houston At Stater &3FX& UeHl and
Boo fhrharm YS9RVE listen intentty.
for maximum smoke1' is the usual prac-
tice, ami man^ amateurs have run exces-
sive power" for years Under the new FCC
power regulations, most ol these ampli-
fiers hive been "grandfathered" into
legality
But there is a greater problem in exces-
sive power man squeaking out a couple
extra Watts over the legal limit. While
some amateurs are still saving their bucks
for a better antenna, some hams have qui-
etly been installing real high -power an*
tiers, amps that require 500-1 000 Watts of
drive
The Houston seminar turned to the
problem of what to do about thai small
number ol amateurs who run super-oow^
*r, Frequent contest er (and occasional
DX petitioner) Gene Zimmerman K3ZZ
{Photo C) suggested thai the current rules
about power during contests be changed.
Gene recommended that inspectors slop
by the shacks of hams seriously involved
to the contest and look at the amplifiers If
any amp had final plate dissipation tor the
transistor equivalent] of more than 1600
Watts, the contestant would be disquali-
fied. He reasoned that If you don't have an
amp capable of running excessive power,
you won't run It! The same Idea holds lor
DXers. of course, with the offending ama
teur losing the right to participate m
DXCC. for example,
A l Slater G2FXB (Photo C> talked about
a simitar program used by the Radio Soci-
ety of Great Britain for their Field Day.
which is even more popular there than the
same activity on this side of the Atlantic
The RSGB requires each Field Day team
to register before the contest and include
their operating locations. During the con
test, a volunteer RSGB inspector stops by
and checks that the group is meeting their
strict rules of 30 Watts maximum input
power!
This aCVWati limit poses special prob-
lems for BHilsh amateurs; most standard
Iran seal vers have Little or no output at the
30-Wail input level So the G hams buiid
special final amplifiers designed tor maxi-
mum output with 30 Walts of input power.
These simple amps often are fed with a
iQO-Watt output transceiver and are run
so close to the limit that some groups
change final tubes every hour of the con-
test'
The question of high power is of special
interest IP Al. who spends much ol his
time on 160 meters, where the British
hams face a 10-Watt power limit. Al said
the government licensing authorities no
longer worry about power and have sus-
pended their station ins peel ions. Most
hams run a full 200 Watts on 160 meters,
and 2000-Wart amplifiers are not
unknown.
tn other comments on the high-power
question, panelist Ellen White W1YL felt
that the contest rules a I! ready permit dis-
qualification of anyone running Illegal
power. On the other hand, Ellen felt thai
the idea of Inspectors coordinated from
League headquarters would be unwork-
able. Ellen favored handling excessive-
power users at the local level, by drum-
ming them out of the local DX club, for ex-
ample
Both Iris and Lloyd Calvin recom
mended increasing the existing power
limits as a means to eliminate the "e?cea>
siveoower ' problem Uoyd particularly
suggested higher power iimits on the
lower frequencies, including .160. Iris
noted the advantages of high power on
expeditions, when the power helps to
control the pileup. If the stateside sta-
tions calling can't hear the DX station very
well, the rate of contacts drops and fewer
hams get a chance to work the DX station.
Several members of the audience took
exception to Ihe Idea of ever-increasing
power limits. Tod 01 sen K0TO disagreed
with the concept of letting the manutac
turers of amateur equipment decide what
the legal or moral limits to excessive pow-
er should be "Just because it is openly
sold to hams doesni mean that the power
level is acceptable" Dick Norton N6AA
felt thai in the contest field the power lev-
el doesn't really matter as long as the final
contest results are not affected But if
someone wins the contest or moves
ahead of a legal power station by running
excessive power, he should be disqual-
ified.
I have my own definition of "excessive
power." The FCC amateur regulations
state thai amateurs should always use
the minimum power necessary for the
communications. So two hams talking
across town on 20 meters don't need the
amplifiers, much less the excessive-pow-
er amps. And frankly, even a few thousand
Watts of power cannot compensate for
bad operating techniques or inadaquate
aniennas-
How much power is natty needed for
amateur communications'* Listen any
time to 14100. A series of beacons ail over
the world ticks down every ten minutes
with ever-fewer power levels. See how far
down into the mud you can copy the be a
cons signals. Well be talking more about
this beacon network and other propaga
tion aids and suggestions in future is
sues Stay tuned- Meanwhile, keep an ear
out for some of these coming attractions.
Photo D. Jim Smith VK§NS i$ aiming tot Kermadac Islands this season, after his event-
fitted DXpedition to Heard island last year
COMING ATTRACTIONS
The DXpedition circuit continues to
hum in February, with two major expedi-
tions scheduled for the month, Jim Smith
VK9NS (Photo D) is spearheading an ama-
teur and scientific DXpedition to the Ker-
madec Islands, a small, sparsely -in hab-
ited group of volcanic islands about halt-
way between New Zealand and Tonga. Un
der the control of New Zeafand, they have
no special amateur call prefix.
The Kermadac islands have been slow-
ly moving up In the Most-Wanted-Coun-
tries list and now rank 171hf up with Sprat-
ly. Laos, and Clipperton. This DXpedition
should satisfy a good chunk of that de-
mand, with several operators and plenty
of time on the island
Jim Smith organized the Heard island
DX Association trip to Heard Island last
winter and hopes for fewer proof ems on
this years DXpedition. Jim is also looking
for donations for the trip and member-
ships in his Heard Island DX Association.
Contact Jim via PO Box 90. Norfolk Island.
South Pacific 2899.
Also scheduled for this month is a DX-
pedition to Aves Island, halfway around
the world In the Caribbean. Is! a de Aves
(The Island of Birds) is a liny part ol a sub-
merged reef about 150 miles west ol the
Windward Islands. The island is under the
control of Venezuela, and the Venezuelan
military restricts access most of the time.
The island itself is only about 1500 feet
long and about 400 feet wide at the farc-
es! Its maximum ten- foot elevation
means it really is a targe rock out in the
middle of the ocean. Whenever the waves
or tides are Nigh in the Caribbean, landing
on Aves Is Impossible. Only during a short
period in mid-winter do calm conditions
permit amateur operations.
Because of the restrictions and landing
problems, DXpeditlons to Aves are tew
and far between. Any station on the island
is easy to work from the States. I hanks to
the excellent propagation from thai part
Of ihe world (Why do you think I lived
there?) But you wont want lo miss this
DXpedUton, as the next one might be
years down the DX road. And Aves ts al-
ready in the top 30 most wanted
The DXpedition is sponsored by the Ra-
dio Ctub Venezolano, which is celebrating
Its 50th anniversary this year, The caJlsign
on Aves wifl be YV0AA, with OSLs han-
dled by YV5DH, PO Box 50332. Caracas,
Venezuela 1050- A, South America.
rMULTI-BAND SLOPERS"
160, 80, and 40 meters
Outstanding DX perlormance of slope rs is well known. Now you can en-
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FOR ADDN |_ INFO on these and other unique antennas.
send SASE
W9INN ANTENNAS
BOX 393-S MT. PROSPECT !L 60056
73 Magazine ■ February , 1984 97
RS.No,
P*o* ft. Sl No.
AEA/ArJvanced Electronic
Applications .33
127 Advanced Computer Controls
r . .OB
Amateur Communications^ Etc.
>■■ ■«■■■■■ ■ i ■■ ■■;■■ ■«■■■■■ i ^^^JP
A mateur E lee f roruc Suppl y . 35
243 Amateur-Wholesale Electronics
. i. ■ L I „ | I . tJO
334 AmidOn Associate: ,45
71 Applied Invention 52
BMG Engineering 103
11 BarKer & Williamson Inc 49
305 Barry Electron's 31
152 Banc her .Inc. . . 53
477 Bencher, Inc. .92
* Bill AahfcyS Son ., 53
Biacksourg Group . , ..... .50
* Break Comm. Systems Jnc 99
Butternut Electronics 57
12 CZLabs 8S
462 CES.Lnc. „ „ .15
111 CecoCommunioations.Inc 50
13 Coin International . , . . . 102
14 Communications Concepts. Inc.
15 Communications Specialists, Inc.
* Computer Trader t0£
Connect Systems, inc , .... 21
37 Con t e m pora ry Tech nol ogy . I nc,
99
25 Control Products, Unlimited . .99
141 Cushcrait Corp. 81
106 Cushcraft Corp. . . 45
DGM FJecUonies, Inc .50
346 Data Service . . 102
Dayton Hamvention , . 16
425 Doppter Systems ,.....„ .47
153 DXTours 103
1 20 EJectra Company 5
IB Electronic Specialists, Inc 61
135 Encqmmjnc 117
29 Esoteric Engineering 103
99 Fax scan ....... . 52
23 Flesner Corporation , . 20
139 Fox-Tango Corporation .57
151 Fox-Tango Corporation 53
95 FoxTanoo Corpc+r ation ....... .41
178 Galaxy Electronics 103
143 GLB Electronics . . 34
352 Grove E mere nsesjnc 41
476 H.Stewart Designs 92
31 HaJ-Troni* . . . . 56
101 Ham Masters Tapes ... 17
Ham HadioOutlet , . . .3
33 Hamtrooics, NY , 126. 127
59 Hat I, Lid .......«».•*....... 103
123 Hustler Jnru. .,*.... 52
ILrtJM ..*•♦,»*«...»-.,,,., r . COV. II. Of
36 International Crystal
Manufacturing Go.T Inc ,52
122 John J. Meshna, Jr.t Inc. » + 1 29
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KLM Electronics, Inc. ...65
479 Low ranee Satellite .....
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MH; Electronics
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Micro Control Specialties
Mtcroiog Corporation .
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138 Nampa Satellite Systems .25
254 National Comm Group Co. 32
412 rvemai Electronics 100
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OrW/ Magazine .......... .115
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148 PubJ i c Domam. Inc .53
61 RedloAmaieurCa//Ooo*,lnc 4
454 Radlokit 53
62 Ramsey Electronics „ 125, 128
1 33 RfoendeJI Associates 72
150 Royal 101
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Spider Antenna 90
Teltone 102
Tfw Computer Joorrmi .103
The Ham Shack 27
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Tucson Amateur Packet Radio
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Unique Communications
Corporation 103
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W9INN Antennas
WF! 7
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WGECopyrigriter
Wayne Green Books 82
Wayne Green Shelf Boxes 56
Weslcom 57
Westech Electronics. Inc 80
Western Radio Electronics , . 103
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102
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Woodall Software 86
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98 7J Magazine • February, 1984
MM HELP
We are happy to provide Ham Help list-
ings free, on a space-available basis. We
are not happy when we have to take time
from other duties to decipher cryptic
notes scrawled illegibly on dogeared
postcards and odd-sized scraps of paper.
Please type or print your request (neetly!}>
double spaced, on an &fh "x1t" sheet of
paper and use upper- and tovrercase tet-
ters where appropriate. Also, please make
a "1" took tike a "1t" not an %" which
could be an "el" or an "eye. " and So on.
Hard as it may be to believe, we are not fa-
miliar with every piece of equipment man-
ufactured on Earth for the last 50 years!
Thanks tor your cooperation.
I'm looking for a schematic for a Lavoie
oscilloscope, model no. LA265A. I will pay
for copying and mailing costs,
L. C. Hocutt WE40
4257 Via Afta Dr.
Mobile AL 36609
I am interested in obtaining the vox
relay that plugs into the back of the Swan
700 transceiver. I would appreciate hear-
ing from someone who may have one of
these lying around that they don't have
any future use for.
Augustus B. Wells
PO Box 50
Tunica LA 70762
I want to replace the tubes in my Collins
R-392 receiver with solid-state devices.
Any information on replacement parts
would be gr&etly appreciated. I also need
information on the R-392 Club and
sources for 2-kHz filters for the Collins
R-390A.
J. P. Barnes G8AHN
2 Mappins Rd.
Calcliffe, Rotherfiam
South Yorkshire S60 5TH
England
RTTY CW ASCII
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MULTI-BAND ANTENNAS
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TELEPHONE: (818) 341-5460
J am looking for a copy of Ihe instruc-
tion booklet for the Knight KG670 R/C
tester made by Allied Radta 1 will pay the
costs for copying and mailing or for the
original manual
Lionel Roach KD5V0
3033 Teak wood
Garland TX 75042
Wanted: Collins 70E-7A PTO (perme-
ability- tuned oscillator) for a Col tins 75 A 1
receiver. This PTO covers 2-3 MHz and fa
used to tune the receiver.
Harold Smith W2GKE
26 Linden St.
Bayonns NJ 07002
(201H36140S
I am using the VIO20 as a RTTY ter~
minai with Kantronlcs Interface and soft-
ware. Can anyone help me with Informa-
tion on building an adapter which would
let me use Atari cartridges on the VlC-20?
Robert F. Cann W4GBB
1606 Loch wood Dr.
Richmond VA £3233
F would appreciate receiving a copy of
the schematic for an NCX-3 SSB/CW
transceiver by National. I have the
owner's manual already, t will gladly reim-
burse for costs.
Jellry M. BUtckmon VV2YI
2107 Turn bull Road
Be aver creak OH 45431
I need the schematic for the Model TV-
7D/U tube tester.
Stan LaDage W2E2M
431 Oakland Ave.
Maple Shade NJ 08052
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73 Magazine • February, 1984 99
W2HSD/1
NEVER SAY DIE
editor/a/ by Wayne Green
from page 6
lem was not unique, that in-
deed the problem was universal
and probably at the root of the
general dislike of cocktail par*
ties. I have a problem there.
While I may hate meeting peo-
ple and being expected to be
entertaining on demand, I can't
stay away from the food. I think
I'd take a plane to the Shetland
Islands if they promised me an
interesting meal.
Much of my life has been an
extended diet interspersed with
fantastic meals which make
the dieting even more impera-
tive. About ten years ago I got
fed up, if you'll pardon the ex-
pression, and went on a diet for
about nine months, I lost 35
pounds, going from 250 bloated
pounds down to 165. What an
un-orgy that was! These days I
hang around 175, not looking
too fat. but feeling ten pounds
overweight and guilty when
gorging on ice cream, cake, and
such.
Getting back to my ego; I
wonder if my hopes to inspire
you to greater things come
across as ego? I delight in get-
ting letters from people who
have several basic drives: One
is to educate and another is to
share my enthusiasms. You
may have noticed that all of my
magazines are both educa-
tional and fun— expressions of
my drives.
I don't believe that you can
make all of the money you
want, I know it. I hate it when I
get letters complaining that,
gee, I can't afford your maga-
zine, a new rig, or something.
What roll There are so many
ways to make money these
days that just about anybody
who wants to can do it. . .from
kids right up to the retired.
No, if you are going to pursue
a life goal of swilling several
thousands of gallons of beer
and seeing every Monday-night
football game, you're a loser.
You donTt get rich very often
without working hard at it. But
you have to work with some
goals In mind. A lot of people
work their butts off and never
get anywhere. The brutal fact is
that, though not by any con-
scious design, this is the nor-
mal pattern. You do have to out-
work the average person to
make it big.
Why am I getting ready to in*
vest several million dollars in a
college? Mere we are at a time
when colleges are going out of
business all around the country
and 1 want to start a college!
Dumb or shrewd? Well, I think I
have a plan which will teach
kids to become entrepreneurs
and to beat the system. The end
result will be a bonanza for our
country and a few thousand
more millionaires. Everyone
will win.
There's Wayne's ego again?
Weil, perhaps— yet I've gone
over my idea with the presi-
dents of ten colleges now and
haven't yet found one who
doesn't think it will work, I'm
getting quite a bit of support.
The average 73 reader is way
above the average person in
this country. It isn't easy to get
a ham ticket, even with the
Bash method, so that's a filter.
And beyond that, the average
73 reader is another step ahead
of the average ham just by vir-
tue of his interest in keeping up
with technology. The ham who
does not read 73 has far less of
k
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an opportunity to be a success
just because he doesn't take
advantage of this remarkable
resource,
From that aspect, I really feel
sorry for the foreign hams who
can't afford 73 or who are pro-
hibited from subscribing be*
cause their money can't be sent
away.
Most of my time is spent
these days looking for people
to help me with my projects. I
really need help— enthusiastic,
non-smoking help. My editorial
a few months ago discussed
this and resulted in a couple
hundred letters. Some of those
people are already here in Pe-
terborough helping me get new
projects started,
One enterprise, a franchise
chain of software stores, is get*
ting started. I have a whole
new approach to the business
which should make it possible
for several thousand people to
make an awful lot of money, It's
an ingenious concept that no
one else has thought of yet. so
we have a very good chance,
despite the recent proliferation
of software stores.
Software Production Devices,
Inc., is also moving along on
schedule. This isn't my idea, but
when \ saw what two chaps from
Bangkok had come up with and
realized how desperately the
computer industry needs the
product, it seemed like a good
investment. Indeed, \ know of no
other practical appoach to soft-
ware protection, and I think I
know 'em ail.
I have several new magazines
in mind which are needed, each
to help a new industry to grow
just as Byte and Kilobaud
helped the microcomputer in-
dustry to flower. Magazines
can't be started unless I have
editors, writers, ad sales, cir-
culation, administration, type-
setting, production, photogra-
phy, accounting, data proces-
sing, promotion, and so on. It
takes about 25 people (mini-
mum) to make a magazine work,
and between the seven maga-
zines we have now, the two of
McGraw-Hill, and a half dozen
others in the area, we've just
about cleaned out southern
New Hampshire of available
talent. Interested?
A surprising number of the
people we've been hiring of late
are hams, fliers, and cornputer-
ists — quite a combination for
success, I suspect.
And speaking about proj-
100 73 Magazine * February, 1964
ectst a chap who used to work
for me started his own com-
puter mail-order business here
in town and fs already doing
well over a million In sales per
year, He started out with a
small ad in inCider, my Apple
magazine, and went over the
million mark In sales the first
month t talk with him of-
ten. . .on the street, at the Folk-
way for lunch, or when he stops
by my office.
He's a success because he
did his homework and then had
the guts to give it a try. The fail-
ures are those who spend their
time watching TVT gossiping on
the air, and wasting their lives.
What a pity! Thousands of
hams have used the hobby to
get the technical smarts to de-
velop new products and go into
business with them. It only
takes one good idea to make it.
That's one of my problems, I
spend a good deal of my time
staying abreast of the technol-
ogy in communications and
computers, with the result that
I have a bright idea a day for a
business, .and a terrific idea
a week. I lack only the people to
help me make these ideas bear
fruit,
A chap from Texas visited a
SATELLITES
PROJECT OSCAR
Project OSCAR Inc.. has prepared a new set of orbital predictions for the period covering
the calendar year 1984. The predictions provide the UTC times and longitude for all south- to-
north equatorial crossings at the 4 Russian satellites carrying Mode A transponders (RS5,
RS6, RS7, and RS8). In addition, the UTC time and suh-satelflte latitude and longitude are
given for the apogee of each orbit of AMSAT GSCAfi 10 (AO-10). This document, when used
with the appropriate plotter, allows the user to determine the access limes to all the pres-
ently available amateur radio satellites carrying communication transponders.
The targe expense Incurred in producing and disseminating a calendar of this magnitude
necessitates a request for a minimum donation of 110 for mailings to the US. Canada, and
Mexico (Si 2 for alt overseas mailings). To receive your copy of this set of orbital predictions.
send ■ completed mailing label along with a check or money order payable to Protect
OSCAR, Inc.. PQB 1136, Los Altos CA 94022 The donation covers the cost of first-class
mailing within the US, Canada, and Mexico, and airmail printed matter to overseas des-
tinations
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few days ago. A hamt of course,
a flier, and a computer nut. He
was fascinated to see the high
energy here, the people all
working hard and obviously
having one hell of a time. Sure,
it's like a rabbit warren, but it's
fun and very productive. People
come here, often with little
background, and they learn
fast. Yes, he signed on and is
moving here.
He found just what he wanted
in a house in a couple of hours
and is busy moving up here to
help me start a new magazine,
He's going to need a bunch of
people to work with him , , . what
ROYAL
are you doing? We're going
crazy for people to help set type,
paste up pages, shoot the pages
into negatives, handle the cir-
culation, and so on.
One of the new magazines I
want to start will have as a goat
the generation of several thou-
sand new hams a year— maybe
as many as 50,000 or even double
that. No, I don't know of any way
to let you work from home—
you really have to be here.
Well, if you are all set with
what you are doing, at least say
hello on the air I get a couple
hours a week on 20m and my
ego will be looking for you.
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MOVING?
Let us know 8 weeks in advance so that you won't
miss a single issue of 73.
Attach old label where indicated and print new ad-
dress in space provided. Also include your mailing
label whenever you write concerning your sub-
scription. It helps us serve you promptly. Write to:
^y^m> Subscription Department
£*^ Amateur Radkjs PO. Box 931
m +^ « TechnicalJournai Farmmgdaie NY 11737
G Extend my subscription one additional year for onJv $17.97
D Payment enclosed d Bill me
Ciin.idii & Mexico J20.97M \vat only US Funds drawn on U5 bank Foreign Surface
52S.OO/1 year only US funds tlr,wn on US bank Foreign Airmail, please inquire
Name
i
| if v(*u hove no label handy, punt OLD address here.
I
I
I
I
I
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-,
^
Address.
City
State
Zip
prim fV£H itddn-w hvie;
i
I
i
I
i
I
l
I
I
Name
Address
City
State
Zip
ZJ
i
i
i
i
^ S*» List of Advertisers on page 98
73 Magazine • February. 1984 101
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With Free Classified Ad
102 73 Magazine ■ February, 1934
^ MULTI-CHANNEL
* MICROWAVE
Complete Antenna Systems from *6995
Full 800 Mfiz Range
Tune 1.9-2.7 Ghz
Includes all
ITFS Channels
DEALERS WANTED
COD's and Credit Card
Orders call TOLL FREE
1-800-247-1151
SILVER
STAR
GalaxY
►--178
ELECTRONICS
6009 N. 61 Avenue
Glendale, AZ 85301
1-602-247-1151
RADIO
DIRECTION FINDER
The SuperDF
Inexpensive kit and assembled units for use
with Hand-Held. Mobile* or Base Station.
100 to 260 MHz or 200 to 550 MHz with
one antenna. Non-ambiguous. No
overloading. Use with unmodified HT,
scanner, or transceiver. No attenuator or
rtS" meter needed, Can DF signals below
the noise. Averages out local reflections
while mobile-in-motion. Used by FCC,
US Army, State of California. Coast Guard
Aux. Prices start at S125. For details
send SASE to: BMG Engineering, 9935
East Garibaldi. Temple City. CaL 91780.
i*L_fL_rt:
COMPUTER
APPLICATIONS
Are you interested in:
•Hardware construction?
•Software development?
•Interfacing computers
to external devices?
•Low cost robotics?
•Dedicated microprocessor
devices?
The Computer Journal
Is a magazine for those who Interface,
build, and apply micros. Subscription
price $24/year In the U.S. (12 issues).
PO Box 1687H Kail spell, MT 59903
VK-iX-3D2-KH6-VK-ZL-302-KH6-VK-2L-3D2-KH6-VK'ZL
this publication
is available in
microform
University Microfilms International
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Dept. PR,
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USA.
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Dept PR
London, WC1R4EJ
England
ALL BAND TRAP
VERTICAL ANTENNAS!
FULL 14th WAVE * All BirdsE Automatic Selection
with proven H I- Q Traps. 3 Mode la -ALL salt ■importing
Ground or root mount. HEAVY Double wall *eamle*s
Aluminum lower teetton - HJ STRENGTH FIBER-
GLASS TUBING OVER -ALL. NO WOB8LY. LU-
MP* TRAPS - NO UNSIGHTLY CLAMPS ntcdtd
Seme ilza all the was up 1 V4" • Trepi hidden Ihslda.
You can use « In i 1 ft. ifl. Backyard! Ne^hbor* W«l
never kfl*w this Ja a Hl-Powar ALL Dh-adlori DX An-
tenna. FOR APARTMENTS. ROW HOUSES, MO-
BILE HOMES - CONDOS ate, wrioro minimum *p*ce
and neat appearance la MANDATORY! (nitant "Grive
In" around mount (included). Use with or wlxhout radiate
(Included) [Ail ingle roof mount - Extra ) COMPLETELY
PRETUNED . NO ADJUSTMENTS NEEDED EVERl
NO TUNER NEEDED Over All Bandi fextept BQ
meter - 40 O KC) SWR 1-1 to 2-1 at Sand edges, Stnfl,
SO £39 connecter - SO oKm Tor any lentfLh RGSSU *
RGOU feedJIne Matcrict ALL MAKES TRANSC^EV-
ERS. ZOOO Watt PEP, Input pawtr. Shipped - pREi-
PAID IN USA, Ataemblna in 10 mln. uiinc only
■ crew driver. WEATHERPROOn
No.-AVTBO-fO 5 Band- — ZS'G"'
No.- A VT 40-10 4 Band IS'S1*-
No,- AVT20-10^ 3 Band tl'4" -
> $179.95
$12935
- £99.95
SEND FULL PRICE FOR PP DEL IN USA (Canada
la $I0QO extra for poet age, clerical, Customs etc ^ or
ordering VISA, MASTER CARD or AMERICAN
EXPRESS Give Number end En. date. Ph 1-30B-
236-6333 9AM -6PM weekdays, We shio Jn 2-3
days. Prices win Inereaia, to order NOW
AND SAVE. All Antennai Guaranteed for 1 yesr
^10 day money bach trial, if returned in now eonrfl-
ton. Free lof- Q_
WESTERN ELECTRONtCS ^"fl0
Oept. AT- 2 Kearney Netir. 63347
WORK THE WORLD ON AN HT!
The RB-1 easily interties 2 transceivers. A 220
or 450 rig can mtertie to control a fixed station.
By utilizing the squelch of the new TS 430 or
IC-740, the HF bands can even be worked from
the HT. UHF to VHF - VHF to HF.
•Simple to connect - ail connectors supplied.
•Can be used as simple RPTR control.
REMOTE BASE INTERTIE
$4995
+ $3.Q0 shipping
RB-l
^59
HEIL, LTD
Marissa, IL 62257
61 8-295-3000
gsrngp|f
29
Engineering Incorporated
RS-232 SERIAL LINE MONITOR
• Quick and easy operation
• Red/Green LEDs show polarity
of 7 most used signals
• Comprehensive users manual
• Line powered, NO battery
$29.95 plus $2 for P/H
Esoteric Engineering Incorporated
Post Office Box 33602
San Diego, CA 92 103
(619) 569-7060
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• Australia
• New Zealand
Ft ^ *
iji
• Hawaii
THREE WEEKS
OCTOBER 11 thru 31, 1984
Departs from Los Angeles
For Hams. Spouses and Friends
Meet and greet your nam friends in
their own countries Welcoming
events oy local hams ana duos.
Tour directors: Jean (WA6AKP1 and
Bill (W6UFS J Thompson
Write for brochure:
DX TOURS 53
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Newport Beach, CA 92663
or
Call Jean (714) 640-0821
SPACE LIMITED - RESERVE EARLY
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Telephones & Accessories
AT LOWEST
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Send $2.00 far
Complete Catalog
I
UNIQUE COMMUNICATIONS INC.
idl E Longv<e*.PG Bo* 523d
Mansfmrtf, Ohio 44901
\ ,-149 )419t 526^6996
^ See List of Advertisers on page 96
73 Magazine • February , 1984 103
■U
EIMAC ^CX10,O0OD/8171 with SK3C0 and SKI306
SK300 and SK13Q6 -.July.
Clbeseare all new not used.) Limited SlppIv.
$1200.00
$ 350,00
PA-;
Km ELEaRMH.5., INC. UHF MPL1FIER PC BOARDS AND Rh IRANS1S1QK KITS.
todel PA?-70B RF $mt input 2watts at m to ltelflz output TOwam I3.r>vdi; 0i incnps.
&$;fl9 with Uut-a PC BourJ On]y $14.99
PWEL PAHUTO RF Power input lUwous at l*rt to MMHz output Mtoaus 13,5vdc nt ISaire,
SS9.99 with data PC Board only *19,49
GENEVA CALCULATOR WATCH
This attractive watch has the following modes:
Normal Time Settings
Calendar Setting,
Daily Alarm Time Setting,
Weekly Alarm Time Setting,
Chronograph,
Calculator.
!i
Featured in Black Plastic
$18.99
or Featured in Stainless Steel
$29.99
SILICON DIODES
i
FEED THRU SOLDER RF CAP ACTORS
MR751
lOOvdc
6Amps
10/$5,00
100/$38,00
470pf +-2 02
KU5IO
lOOQvdc
3Amps
10/$3.?5
100/524.00
HEP i 70
lOOOvrk-
2Amps
20/$2.00
I00/$15,00
5/$ 1.00 or 100/$ 15. 00 or
1N3209
lOOvdc
l5Amps
$2,00
10/ $15.00
1000/$ 100. 00
BYX2 1/200
200vdc
2 5Amps
$2,00
10/ $15.00
1N2138A
6()0vdc
60Amps
$5.00
LO/ $40,00
LOOOpf/.OOLuf +-10%
DS85-04C
400vdc
80 Amps
$10,00
LO/ $80,00
1N32 69
600vdc
160Amps
$15.00
10/S120.00
4/?1.00 or 1QG/$20.Q0 or
275Z41
300vdc
250Amps
$20.00
10/5175.00
1000/$150.00
7-5754
3O0vdc
15KVDC
400Amps
2 Quia.
$30,00
$3,00
L0/$250.OO
10/ $20,00
RCD-15
SMFR20K
20KVDC
2 Oma .
$4,00
10/ $30,00
E. PROMS
1194148
signal
30/$ I, 00
100/ $3.00
2708 1024x1 $2,00 each
FAIRCHILD
41H
j 16K DYNAMIC RAMS 200ns. Fart #
16K7 5
2716 2048x8 $4.00 each
25 For $25
,00
or 100 For
$90.00 or
1000 For $750
♦ 00
2 7L32/25L32 $10.00 each
HEWLETT PACKARD MICROWAVE DIODES
IN5711
1N5712
LN6263
5082-2835
5082-2805
(5082-2800)
(5082-2310)
(HSCH-1001)
Quad Matched
Schottky Barrier Diodes
pi " n
ii
tl
Pi
u
ii
ii
$1,00 or 10
$1,50 or 10
$ .75 or 10
$1.50 or 10
per set $5.00 or 10
for $ 8.50
for $10.00
for $ 5,00
for $10,00
for $40.00
For information call: (602) 242-3037
Toll Free Number
800-528-0180
(For orders only)
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
cfVi^z electronic*
k'AI| parts may be new or
surplus, and parts may be
substituted with comparable parts
if we are out of stock of an item.'7
104 73 Magazine • February, 1984
"MIXERS"
HATKINS JOHNSON WJ-M6 Double Balanced Mixer
LO and RF 0.2 to 300MHz
Conversion Loss (SSB)
Noise Figure (SSB)
Conversion Compression
IF DC to 300MHz
6.5dB Max. 1 to 50MHz
8.5dB Max. .2 to 300MHz
same as above
8.5dB Max. 50 to 300MHz
.3dB Typ.
$21.00
WITH DATA SHEET
NEC (NIPPON ELECTRIC CO. LTD.
NF Min F=2GHz dB 2.4 Typ.
NE57835/2SC2150 Microwave Transistor
MAG
F=3GHz
F=4GHz
dB 3.4 Typ.
dB 4.3 Typ.
F=2GHz
F=3GHz
r=4GHz
dB 12 Typ.
dB 9 Typ.
dB 6.5 Typ
S5.30
Ft Gain Bandwidth Product at Vce=8v, Ic=10ma. GHz 4 Min. 6 Typ.
Vcbo 25v Vceo llv Vebo 3v Ic 50ma. Pt. 250mw
UNELCO RF Power and Linear Arplifier Capacitors
? Power and Linear
These are the famous capacitors used by
all the Fl
.Amplifier
inanuf acturers , and described in the RF Data Book.
5pf lOpf 18pf 30pf
43pf
lOOpf
200pf
1 to lOpcs. SI. 00 ea
S.lpf 12pf 22pf 32pf
51pf
llOpf
220pf
11 to 50pcs. $ .90 ea
6.8pf 13pf 25pf 33pf
60pf
120pf
470pf 51 up pes. S . 80 ea
7pf 14pf 27pf 34p£
80pf
130pf
500pf
8.2pf L5pf 27.5pf 40pf
82pf
140pf
lODOpf
NIPPON ELECTRIC COMPANY TUNNEL DIODES
MODEL 1S2199
1S2200 $
Peak Pt. Current ma. Ip
9min. lOTyp. Hi
rax.
9m in, lOTyp. Umax.
Valley Pt. Current ma. Iv
1.2Typ.
l.Smax.
L2Typ, 1.5max,
Peak Pt. Voltage mv. Vp
95Typ.
120max.
75Typ, 90max.
Projected Peak Pt. Voltage mv. Vpp Vf=Ip
480min.
550Typ.
630max.
440min. 520Typ, 60Qmax.
Series Res. Ohms rS
2. 5Typ.
4max.
2Typ. 3max.
Terminal Cap. pf. Ct
1.7Typ.
2max.
STyp, 8max>
Valley Pt. Voltage mv. VV
370Typ.
350Typ.
FAIRCHILD / DUMONT Oscilloscope Probes Model 4290B
Input Impedance 10 meg., Input Capacity 6.5 to 12pf., Division Ratio (Volts/Div Factor)
10:1, Cable Length 4Ft. , Frequency Range Over 100MHz.
These Probes will work on all Tektronix, Hewlett Packard, and other Oscilloscopes.
PRICE $45.00
MOTOROLA RF DATA BOOK
Lists all Motorola RF Transistors / RF Power Amplifiers, Varactor Diodes and much much
more.
PRICE $7.50
For information call: (602) 242 3037
Toll Free Number
800-528-0180
(For orders only)
<f\I^z elect roryc$
All parts may be new or
surplus* and parts may be
substituted with comparable parts
if we are out of stock of an item "
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
73 Magazine • February, 1984 105
RF TRANSISTORS, MICROWAVE DIODES
TiP£.
PRICE
TEE^
PRICE
TTfPE
mid
TYPE
PfUCE
2N1561
25.00
2M562
25.00
210602
25.00
2N2957
1.55
2N2857j*m
4-10
2TCJ857JANTCV
4,10
2N2S76
15.50
2N2947
18.3&
2H2946
13.00
2N2049
15.50
2N3375
17.10
2N3553
1.55
2N3632
15.50
2N3733
11.00
2N38I8
5.00
.:.', ■-"► *
1.30
2N3866*JAFi
3,20
2N3924
3.35
2N3927
17.25
2H3960
25.00
2N4012
11.00
2JHC>41
14.00
2TO07
1.80
2M060
4.53
2*34127
21.00
ZN4427
1.30
2N442S
1.85
27*4430
11.80
2N4957
3.45
3N4969
2.30
2N500G
13.80
2N510H
3,45
2M5109
1.70
2N5160
3.45
2N5177
21.62
2N5179
1.04
2N52lti
56.00
2N55B3
3.15
amseo
9.77
2N55S0
10,92
2N5501
13.80
2*663?
13. 50
2*5611
12*42
2K5642
14.03
2H5643
15.50
2*5645
13. eo
2JB646
2070
2.S5651
11.05
2N5691
18.00
2N57B4
27.00
2N58&;
345
2N5842/bMlfi07
8.45
2N5S49
20.00
2N5913
•S * *->0
2N5316
3G.0D
1305923
10.00
2N5823
25<00
2N5&41
23.00
2N5942
40.00
2N5944
10.35
2N5945
ll.SO
2N5946
14.40
2N60BQ
10.36
2N5081
12.07
2N6062
12.65
22*6083
13.25
2H6064
15.00
2.V8D94
11.00
2N6C95
12,00
2N6096
le.io
2NG0Q7
20. 70
2N61G5
21.00
2N6I36
21.85
2N6 166
40.24
2N6201
50. OQ
2N6304
1.50
2N6469
18.00
2HBS67
10.06
2N66H0
80.00
2SCT0J
3,tW
29C756A
7,50
2SC7H1
2.80
2SC101B
1,00
2SCM42
12.00
23C1070
2.50
2SL1239
2.50
2SC1251
12.00
23030
2.90
2301307
5.50
2SC1424
280
29C167B S
2-00
K1134 S 16.90
IBC1S21-3
$125.00
23C1729
20.00
IG&79
7.95
ySQB2l-l0
225.00
2SC17S0
1.50
U9688
7 50
H9C2O01
40.00
2SC1909
4.00
JMflSfl
7.95
II9C2223^10
200.00
2SC1946
36.00
10623
9.95
U3C3000
50.00
2SC1946A
40.00
16624
11.95
V19C3001
50,00
2SC1970
2.50
ICB i£v
17.95
MSC73001
50.00
2SC1974
1.00
M9630
16.00
fitS^L200l
40,00
2SC216G
5.50
M9740
29.90
HSCJB2014
40.00
2SC2237
32.00
mm i
29.90
MSCS2020
40.00
23C26&5
47.00
M9756
19.50
MSCK203O
,-.00
A50-12
25.00
H9K-1K
37.00
Ma^83001
50j»i
A209
ID. 00
U9650
16.90
M3C83005
100,00
A283
5,00
M9B51
20.00
1^*4150
14,40
A2S3B
li.OO
less?
5.25
fcfT5l26
POR
AF102
2.50
msoota
25.00
IH5596/2N5596
99.00
AFY12
2 50
*1550
10.00
|fl^768/2N5768
95,00
HF272A
2.50
1H1552
50.00
HTB762
POR
BFR21
2.50
1211563
50.00
MCei36
250
BFH90
1.00
120614
10.00
SE13783
FOR
BFE91
1.65
llll^I3/2S4f*72
1.80
NE21889
POR
Lit" rfi7
2.50
UfiOOfi
5.00
ME57835
■ ■■ ■ ■■ | ■ nn
5.7D
BFH2
2.50
Jia375A
17.10
NE73>I36
2.50
mwiBA
2.50
I2H429
10.00
Tgy
BFW17
2.50
MI8000
1*15
11^8637
POR
BF192
1.50
moooc
2.30
PI3190
POR
BFX44
2.50
wmon
25.00
PT3194
RJR
QFX48
2.50
«PF102
.45
PT3195
POR
BFX65
2.50
MPSC31
1.01
T537
7,80
RFX84
2.50
MRA2023-1.5
42.50
PTH166E
POR
BFSB5
2.50
MR1*208
16.10
1 M41760
PCR
l#X86
2,50
MRF212
16.10
PT4186B
l1^
JMSU
1.00
WFZ23
13.25
PW209
POR
UFYll
2.50
MTO224
15.50
l^T4209C/5645
pa
HFV18
2. 50
iffl!F23]
10.92
IT455n
24.60
BFY19
2.50
MRF232
12.07
rJT4570
7.50
0F%39
2.50
MR£233
12.65
PT4577
POR
BFY90
1,00
HRF237
3.15
FT4590
POR
HLXS7
15.24
IA1F238
13.80
FT4612
POR
BLS68C3
15,24
UD339
17.25
FT4628
•e
BL393C3
22.21
1TOF245
35-65
PT4640
POR
BLYB7A
8.94
URF247
35.65
PT4642
PGR
BLi'BSCJ
13.08
WF304
43.45
PT^632
4.70
BL5tB4C
21.30
IKF309
33.81
PI5749
POR
OS351
10.00
«BF314
28.52
PIBS29
POR
OJ568C/CF
30.00
HRT315
28.86
11B706
POR
C458-617
25.00
WT3W
PGR
IT6720
rca
C40G5
2O.00
HHF317
63.94
HT8510
PGR
ansm
20.00
MHF420
20.00
PI8524
POR
OE188
18.00
«BF4^1
36.80
1TB609
PGR
CH2545
25.00
1IRF422A
41.40
FIS633
POR
OU3005
100.00
MRF427
17.25
()T8639
POR
Dea^el GaAs FET
Mtmzs
46.00
PTO659
POR
LiXL3501A^P100F
ki.30
MRF433
12,07
i ■Itt679
POR
Fujitsu GelAs *EI'
MHF449/A
12.65
PI8TO0
POR
ESXS2WF
58.00
MRE-'450/A
14.37
PI870D
POR
CMCQ90A
2.50
MRF453/A
18.40
FTB127
29,00
HFP76
4.^5
KBF454/A
20.12
PPBTtW
POR
HEPS3002
11.40
MH! 155/A
16.00
FT8742
19.10
HEvyaoos
JV .lAJ
\tRF458
20.70
ET8787
POR
KEPS3005
10.00
MRF463
25.00
PT9783
16.50
HEPS3G06
19.90
WF472
1.00
PT3784
32.70
HEPS3O07
25.00
1IRF475
3.10
FT9790
56.00
HEPS3010
U.34
MIF'176
X)
PI31962
PCR
Hewlett Pa-ttk^rd
MRF477
14.95
PT319K3
POR
Hr^i'2204
112.00
WFAiE
23.00
ET31083
POR
3&821E
38.00
WS&tA
1*04
poeeao
POR
358268
32.00
lfftf^503
6.00
BCA
35826E
32.00
Wfl04
7.00
40061
5.00
35S31E-H31
30.00
KRF509
5.00
40379
10.00
35831E
30.00
WHF511
10.69
40280
4.62
35832E
50,00
URF515
2.00
40281
35833E
50,00
URF517
2.00
40282
IH)
35853E
71.50
MHF559
2.05
10290
2.80
35B54J-
75.00
MRR«5
20.00
40292
13.05
35866L
44.00
MRFBia
25.00
40294
£ . >XJ
IDTIR3101
7.00
miih.;:.^
8,65
40341
21.nci
IKIR3102
8.75
M3ttl>29
3.45
1' 608
2.48
I0OK51O4
:so.00
MlWvl 1
27.60
4GS94
t.oc
IfflTRfiKM
HH.OO
MHF643
29.90
40977
10.00
HXTFK105
31.00
wlF816
15.00
628iJ(.iA
60.00
HXTR6106
33.00
URF823
20.00
RE3754
25.00
0310
.70
MRF901 (3) Lead
1*00
HE3789
25.00
TO*
IAF901 (4) Leftd
2.00
HHIO
25.00
JGtftMO
10.00
MRP904
2.30
S50-12
25.00
J02001
25.00
IEEB11
3.00
S30Q6
5.00
J04045
25.00
MHP961
2.30
33031
5.00
Motorola Gm.
1SFB004
2.10
SCA3522
5.00
1&131
8.50
W33&1F
ICR
SLA3523
5.00
111132
11.95
lBCl73t>-12
225_00
PRICE OK RtOLlSr KX
Toll Free Number
800-528-0 1 80
(For orders only)
"All parts may be new or
surplus, and parts may be
substituted with comparable parts
if we are oul of stock of an item '
For information call: (602) 242-3037
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
$VIGT^z elect rof|ic$
106 73 Magazine • February, 1984
GaAs, TUNNEL DIODES, ETC.
* H F THANK 1 STACKS *
TYJ>E
SD345
KD4 45
SD1.004
KD1009
SM012
StolDl2-3
SD1012-5
SD1013-3
SD1013-7
SD1014
3)1014-6
SD1016
3)1016-5
SD1016-4
SD1018-6
SPlOltt-7
SU1O20-5
S&103&-2
SD1043
ED1043-1
SD1045
£1)1049-1
SD1053
SD106S
SDIOHB
331074-2
SP1074-4
SD1074-&
SD1076
SD1077-*
301O77-6
SD 1078-6
£3JlOflO-ft
smoao-s
50 1084
3D10&7
SD1 089-5
SDI095
331100
SCI 109
SMI 15-2
SD1 115-3
SD1115-7
SD1116
£231118
price
$. 3,00
■s.oo
15,00
15.00
is, do
9.m
9.90
9.90
13.50
13.50
11.00
11.00
15,00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
10. 00
15. TO
12,06
12.00
10.00
3.75
2,00
4.(XJ
4.75
15. TO
18.00
28.00
28.00
20.00
4.00
4.00
24.TO
6.00
3.TO
8.00
15. TO
15.00
15. (X)
5.00
18,00
8+00
8.00
2.50
5.00
22t00
■TCPE
SD1119
SOI 124
SOI 12 7
SKU33
an 133-1
an 134- ]
SD1135
SD1I36
SD1 136-2
SOI 14 3-1
501 14 3-3
SD1 144-1
SD1146
SD1J47
501 188
SLJI1B9
SD1200
SD1201-2
SB1202
KD12 12-11
SD1212-12
503212-10
SDI214-7
301214-11
5D12 16
SD1213^»
SD1219-5
SD1219-8
SD1220
3D1220-iJ
SD1222-S
501222-11
501224-10
331225
5D122B-8
SD1229-7
£1)1229-16
SD1232
SB1240-S
SD1244-1
5D1262
5D1263
SD1263-1
5D1272
5D1272-2
501272^
503278
SP1278-1
PRICE
| 5.00
50,00
3.50
11.00
14.00
3.00
8,00
15,00
15.00
12. TO
17,00
3.00
15,00
15,00
10.00
24.00
1.50
10 .TO
to. TO
4.00
4.00
4.00
5.00
5. TO
12.00
15,00
15,00
15.00
8. TO
8,00
16.00
7.50
18.00
18, TO
Lrjfl
13; 00
13.00
4.00
15.00
14,00
12.00
l5kQ0
15,00
13.00
15,00
15.00
20,00
18.00
type
S01278-5
.SOI 28 1-2
501233
501 289-:
501 2TO-4
501290-7
SD130O
51)1301-7
501305
5D1307
5D1308
SD1311
SD1317
5D1335
5D1345-6
5[>J365-1
SD13G5-5
501375
KD1 375^6
501379
301380^1
SO13S0-3
501380-7
501405
SD14TO
SD1410
SD1410-3
SD1413-1
SD1416
SD1422-2
3D1428
501429-2
3D1429-3
SD1429-5
SD1430
SD1430-2
SD1434-5
a>1434-9
S01438
3D1441
3D1442
SD1444
SD1444-3
SD1450-1
SD1451
SD1451-2
SD1452
SB1452-2
FHICE
$18.00
8,00
10,00
15,00
15% 00
IS. TO
3. TO
3*oo
3. TO
3*00
3 . 00
1.00
10.00
3.00
5,00
2.50
2.50
7.50
7.50
15,00
1.00
1.00
1.00
10,00
18.00
22.00
21.00
18.00
50.00
24.00
33,00
15,00
15.00
15.00
12.00
18.00
30. TO
30.00
26.00
91.00
1.5.00
6. TO
IH. TO
28.00
18.00
18.00
20,00
20.00
TYPE
SD1453-1
SD1454-1
SD1477
SDH 73
SD1480
SD1484
SD1484-5
SDM84-G
SO 1484- 7
SD1483
5D1488-1
SD14SS-7
5D148S-8
S01499-1
SOI 520-2
SD1522-4
SD1528-1
SD152S-3
SD1 530-2
SD153G-1
501545
501561
J KICK
$48 . TO
1H.00
48.00
21,00
TO. 00
L.50
1,50
L a vH J
1,50
39.00
£8:oo
27.00
28.00
39. TO
18,00
33,00
24,00
34.00
38.00
41,00
3-1.00
79.00
Mot.
Mot.
SF4557 M^t*
SK3048 RCA
SK3177 RCA
SMS7714 Wot.
SRF75Q tot,
KftFl.018 Mot,
SRF2147 Ifot,
S11F2356 JAit,
SRF2378 Mnt,
SRF2584 Mot,
SRF2821
SRF2857
TAS894 RCA
T1S189/MRF966
IP312
TP1014 1BW
ipiogs tow
01-80703T04/
458-949 MuL.ttitirn.
TXVF2201 H.P.
62803 RCA
TA720S/2N5921
TA7487/2N5920
TA7995/2N6267
SRF2092 Mot.
MRF479
25,00
5.00
15,00
2,50
36.00
5,00
22.00
38.00
16.00
40,00
25,00
20, i X)
15. TO
3,55
2.50
5.00
15.00
65,00
450.00
100, 00
30, TO
75,00
150,00
18. TO
B,05
Ife Can Cross Inference Ucist RF Transistors, Diodss, Hybrid Modules And Airy Other Type Of Semiconductor*
* JQtCEES (HOT CARRIER , M ICROff AVE .PIN, SO* JTlTtY , TUiMEL , VARACICR , GUKH > *-
LN21
£ 3.40
1N210
1.00
1N21W-
5.80
im$B
3.40
1N230H
4.00
1N38WE
10.00
l^m&
26.00
1jY7SB
26.00
im.49
6,00
UM15G
15.00
1N831
10.00
1N2930
15.00
1W3713
18.00
1N3717
14.00
BJ3747
21. tK)
1J^S12B
9,00
imiA2A/E
4.25
11*5146 A/ B
4.25
1N5153
3-75
IW5713
5,00
U522(X)
15,00
A2X116M Aertech
50.00
BL161 Onnsjc
O i LJ^'.'
D4233B Alpim
PCR
D5047C Alpha
POR
DGB6158-98 Alpha
POR
GCJ601^89 GHZ
31.35
GC2542-46 QCi
37.40
HR5082-0112
14 . 20
f£P5{^2-0375
POft
HP5082-1U28
POK
HF5O82-2303
5.20
HP5082-28fJO
1.00
HP5082-3039
6.70
HP5082-3379
1.50
HPS082-3016
pee
MA475
POft
MA4 1 766
POR
MA43636
POR
M/V1710O
3 -OB
MA478f>2
POR
LN21B
IN21DR
LK211G
LY23C
LN23WE
1329
1H76R
1N-78T>
1.M50MR
UN43BD
LNB33
1N2932
1.N3714
1N3718
li^4386
1N5139A/B
1N5143A/B
1M5147A/B
1N5465
1W5767
13^08/9
BB105H
CMD514AB CM.
D4900 Alpha
D5147D Alpa
[3MD6022 Alpha
OCie02-89 GHZ
GC3208-40 GHZ
HP5082-0241
HP5082-03S6
^P5082-133t2
l(P5082-26^
lu^oss^aos
IIP5OS2-3(.>*0
HP&0G&-6459
liP5082--8323
MA-10005
MA43004
I4A45104
MA47202
MA4yifX5
$ 3.40
4,00
5.80
;*.40
5. TO
10,00
28, TO
28.00
18.00
5,00
10. TO
15.00
11,00
10.00
20.00
4.25
4.2f>
4.25
7.65
2.00
1.00
1.00
POR
POR
POR
POR
31.35
37 . 40
75.60
POR
POR
POR
4.45
36.00
POR
pee
-18.00
27.00
30.80
37.95
IN21EJ1
1N21H1
1K22
1NE3CR
1N25
1K32
LN78
1N7KDR
3M15
1M16E
uescr
1N.3540
LN371&
LM3T2I
1N4396
.LN5140A/B
LN5144A/B
1NT3 1.48A/D
1N5711
1146263
8B1087/48R869558
BB105G
LH060 Alpha
D4959 Alpha
DS503 Alpha.
E*]D6^160A Alpha
GC1607-I0 GHZ
GC17044 GHZ
liP50&2-02$3
1IP5082-0401
HP5082-2254
HP5082-2711
HP5082-2835
HP5O82-3080
[flJ50B2-6462
K[^A Kemtron
MA41487
MA43589
MA47044
MA47771
HA49558
$ 3.40
6,00
5.00
3,40
7,50
20.00
26.00
28.00
4.00
6. TO
4.00
15,00
16,00
14.00
15,00
4,25
4,25
4.25
1.00
1 . (X)
Kf>00
1.00
I'OH
POR
POR
PCJR
31.35
50.00
105.00
POR
FOR
23.15
1.00
2.00
PCR
7. TO
POR
PGR
PQR
JX3R
POR
IN21C $ 3.40
1K21EF 5.00
1N&3A 10.00
DB3D 4,95
11S5AR 18.00
LH53A 55.50
LN73A 20.00
LN78R 28.00
1.N415C 4. TO
IM46 10.00
mim 2.00
L>f37l2 11.00
1N3716 10.00
IK3733 10,00
13*4785 11.00
13I5141A/B 4,25
1N5145A/B 4.25
1N5167 5.b€>
1N5711 JAK 2.00
1S2199 15.00
303020 65 , 00
BD4/4J1M>4 G.E. 15.00
M159 Alpha PCR
D4987M Alpha POSi
D5506 Alpha POR
PP2TO54 d\mn PCR
GC2531-8S GHZ 37,40
HP33644A-JD1 125,00
HPS082-0320 58.00
HP5082^0438 PCR
HP5O82-2302 10,70
HP5082-2727 fOR
HP5082-2884 POR
HP5082^3188 1..TO
HP5082-6888 PP&
MA450A n&
VIM 1765 PCR
MA43622 POR
MA470r]l 25. 5f)
MA478:i8* POR
MA36731 125,00
TOR S1XXX CllANCiKS LillLV SO CALL IF IF THE PART YOU NEED IS NOT U3THD ***»** + *+***+**************+******+**************+
For intormation call: (602) 242-3037
Toll Free Number
800-528-0180
(For orders only)
"All parts may be new or
surplus, aod parts may be
substituted with comparable parts
if we are out of stock of an Item,1"
JVf GH« electronic^
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
73 Magazine • February, 1984 107
Electron i, Specialty Co-, /Haven Electronics
Part # 25N2S Part # Stl-Ol
2GVdc Type N Connector, DC to 1 GHz*
COAXIAL RL LAY SWITCHES SPOT
FSK 5985-556-9683
S49.00
C
COM
#■5 55fi »fllJ
c %f ff »#o J
■
^>i£vir
^^L.
Amphenol
Part # 316-10IO2-8
LlSVae Type BNC DC to 3 GHz,
$29.99
FXH
J' ii I it 300-11182
\2\)\:u Type BNC DC to 4 i!Hz*
FSN 5985-543-1225
FXR
Part tl 300-11173
120Vac Typt' BNC 5ame
I'HN 5985-543-1850
$39,99
BNC To Banana Plug Coax Cable RC-5B 36 inch or BNC to N Coax Cable RC-58 36 inch.
$7.99 or 2 For $13,99 or 10 For $50.00
$8.99 or 2 For $15*99 or 10 For $60.00
SOLID STATE RELAYS
P&B Model ECT10B72
PRICE EACH 5 5,00
Digislg, Inc. Model ECS-2I5
PRICE EACH 5 7,50
Grigsby/Barton Model GB7400
PRICE EACH $7.50
5vdc turn on
5vdc turn on
5vdc turn on
120vac contact at 7 amps or 2 Gamps on a
\Q'\ IQ% .124 aluminum, Heatsink wich
Bilicod grease.
2A0vac contact 14 amps or 4 Damps on a
10Ms I0"x ,124 aluminum. Heatsink with
silicon grease.
2%Qvac contact at 1 5amps or 40amps on a
10"x 1 0"x .124 aluminum. Heatsink with
silicon grease*
NOTE i *** Items may be substituted with other brands or equivalent model numbers. ***
gM^H;
For information call: (602) 242-3037
elect roqicft
"AH pgrt8 may be new or
surplus, and paria may be
substituted with comparable parts
II we are out ot slock of an item/'
Toll Free Number
80052a 0180
(For orders only)
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
k
108 73 Magazine ■ February, 1984
RECALL PHONE MEMORY TELEPHONE WITH Ik NUMBER AUTO DIALER
The Recall Phone Telephone employs Che latest state of arc
communications technology , It is a combination telephone
and automatic dialer that uses premium-quality s solid-state
circuitry to assure high-reliability performance in personal
or business applications. $49*99
4l
X
s?l
<(*»
ARQN ALPHA RAPID BONDING GLUE
Super Glue #CE-4S6 high strength
rapid bonding adhesive* Alpha
Cyanoacrylate, Set-Time 20 to 40
sec. , 0* 7f l*oz* (20gm* )
$2,00
TOUCH TONE PAD
This pad contains all the electronics to
produce standard touch-tone tones. New
with data.
MITSUMI UHF/VHF VARACTQR TUNER MODEL UVElA
Perfect for those unscramble! projects.
New with data.
$9*99 or 10/$89.99
$19*99 or 10/5149.99
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT,
MC1372P
MC135SP
MCI 3 SOP
MC1330A1P
MC1310P
MC1496P
LM565N
LM380N14
LM1889N
NE564N
NE561N
Color TV Video Modulator Circuit.
IF Amp. .Limiter ,¥M Detector, Audio Driver , Electronic Attenuator
IF Amplifier
Low Level Video Detector
FM Stereo Demodulator
Balanced Modulator /Demodulator
Phase Locked Loop
2Watt Audio Power Amplifier
TV Video Modulator
Phase Locked Loop
Phase Locked Loop
1 to 10
Hup
4.42
$2.95
5.00
4.00
1*50
1*25
1.50
1.15
4*29
3.30
1.50
1.25
2.50
2.00
1*56
1.25
5*00
4*00
10.00
8*00
10*00
8.00
FERRANTI ELECTRONICS AM RADIO RECEIVER MODEL ZN414 INTEGRATED CIRCUIT*
Features *
1.2 to 1*6 volt operating range, *Less than 0,5ma current consumption, ISQKHz to 3MHz
Frequency range. tEasy to assemble, no alignment necessary. Effective and variable AGC action. ,
Will drive an earphone direct. Excellent audio quality* , Typical power gain of 72dB. ,T0-IS
package, With data. $2.99 or LP For $24.99
MI CAD RECHARGEABLE JBATTERIE&
AA Battery Pack of 6 These are Factory
New* $5*00
SUB C Pack of 10 2* 5Amp/Hr, $10*00
Gates Rechargeable Battery Packs
12vdc at 2*5Amp/Hr*
12vdc at 5Amp/Hr*
$11*99
$15*99
eJVf^H z electroi|i€£
"All parts may be new or
surplus, and parts may be
substitute with comparable parts
if we are out of stock of an item."
MOTOROLA FIRF559 RF TRANSISTOR
hfe 3Qnin 90typ 200nux.
ft 3000ntiz
gain 8db min 9.5typ at 870rriz
13db typ at 5l2itiz
output power ,5watts at 12. 5vdc
at 870ntiz.
$2.05 or 10/$15,00
For information call: (602) 242-3037
Toll Free Number
800-528-0180
(For orders only)
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
73 Magazine • February, 1984 109
"SOCKETS AND CHIMNEYS"
EIMAC TUBE SOCKETS AND CHIMNEYS
SKI10
SK300A
SK400
SK406
SK416
SK500
SK600
SK602
SK606
SK607
SK6IO
SK620
SK626
SK630
SK6363
SK640
5K646
3K700
SR7UA
SK740
SK770
SKSOOA
SK806
SK8I0
SK9O0
SK906
SK1420
5K149Q
Socket
Socket For 4CX5Q0OA(R,Jt 4CX1O.QQ0D, 4CX15t0G0A,J
Socket For 4-125A,25GAi40QA140QC,4FR125A,400A,4-500A,5-500A
Chimney For 4-250Ai4O0At40OC,4PRi0OA
Chimney For 3-400Z
Socket For 4-1000A/4PRIOQQA/B
Socket For 4CX250B,BC,FGlRt4CX350AIFlFJ
Socket For 4CX250B,BClFG>Ri4CX35QA1F,FJ
Chimney For 4CX250B »BC (FG,R,4CX35QA,FJFJ
Socket For 4CX6G0J,JA
Socket For 4CX600J,JA
Socket For 4CX600J,JA
Chimney For 4CX600JfJA
Socket For 4CX600J,JA
Chimney For 4CX600J,JA
Socket For 4CX60OJ,JA
Chimney For 4CX60OJ,JA
Socket For 4CX30GAPY(4CX125C,F
Socket For ACXBOOA^Y^CX^SC.F
Socket For 4CX3O0A(Y»4CXi25CtF
Socket For ACXSOOA.Y.GCXllSCF
Socket For 4CX1000A.4CX1500B
Chimney For 4CX1000A, 4CX1500B
Socket For 4CXLOOOA,4CX1500B
Socket For 4X5Q0A
Chimney For 4X500A
Socket For 5CX30O0A
Socket For 4CV8QGQA
$ROR
S 520. 00
260.00
74,00
36,00
390,00
51,00
7 3,00
11,00
60,00
60,00
66.00
10.00
66.00
34 1 00
36.00
71,00
225.00
225.00
86. 0C
86,00
225.00
40.00
225*00
300.00
57.00
650,00
585,00
JOHNSON TUBE SOCKETS AND CHIMNEYS
124-IU/5K606
122*0275-001
i 24-0 H 3-00
L24-116/SK630A
t24-n5-2/SK620A
Chimney For 4CX250B,BC,FGIRm 4CX35QA.F.FJ
Socket For V5GQZ, 4-1 25A, 250A, 4GQAt 4-50DA, 5-500A
Capacitor Ring
Socket For 4CX250B,BC,FG,Rt MCX350A,F(FJ
Socket For 4CX250BiBCtFG1R, /4CX350A,F,FJ
813 Tube Socket
$ 10.00
(pair) 15. 00
15,00
55.00
55.00
20.00
CHIP CAPACITORS
.8pf
Ipf
l.lpf
1.4pf
L5pf
1 , 8pf
2.2pf
2.7pf
3.3pf
3.6pf
3.9pf
4.7pf
5.6pf
6.8pf
8.2pf
lOpf
iZpf
15pf
18pf
20pf
E2pf
24pf
27pf
33pf
39pf
47pf
51pf
56pf
68pf
82pf
.99*
lOOpf*
HOpf
120pf
130pf
ISOpf
160pf
180pf
200pf
Z20pf*
240 pf
270pf
300pf
330pf
360pf
390pf
PRICES: 1 to 10 -
11 to 50 -
51 to 100 .80*
101 to
1001 &
1000
UP
,60t
,35c
430pf
470pf
SlOpf
560pf
620pf
680pf
820pf
lOOOpf/.OOluf*
I800pf/.00i8uf
2700pf/.0027uf
I0,000pf/.01uf
12*Q00pf/.Q12uf
15*000pf/.015uf
18,Q00pf/.M8uf
IS A SPECIAL PRICE: 10 for S7.50
100 for $65.00
1000 for $350.00
UATKIN5 JOHNSON WJ-V9Q7: Voltage Controlled Microwave Oscillator 1110.00
Frequency range 3.6 to 4*2GHzt Power ouput* Win. lOdBm typical* 8dBm Guaranteed.
Spurious output suppression Harmonic (nf0)„ i"11* 20dB typical* Ln-Band Non-Harmonit, min.
60dB typical* Residual FM, pk to pk, Max, 5KHz, pushing factor* Max. 8KHz/V, Pulling figure
1 1.5:1 VSWRJ* Max. 60WHz, Tuning voltage range +1 to +15voltst Tuning current. Max. -0.1mA,
modulation sensitivity range, Hax. 120 to 30MHz/Vt Input capacitance, Max. lOOpf, Oscillator
Bias +15 +-CL05 volts ? 55mA, Max,
1
TUBE CAPS (Plate)
$11.00
13*00
14.00
17.00
20.00
HR1, 4
HR2,3S 6 4 7
HR5, 8
HR9
HR10
Toll Free Number
800-528-01 80
(For orders only)
An parts may be new or
surplus, and pans may be
substituted with com parable pans
if we are out of stocK of an item."
(fM^Ijjz elect roi\ic$
For information call: (602) 242-3037
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
110 73 Magazine * February, 1984
TUBES
TYRE
PRI CE
TYPE
PRICE
TYPE
PRICE
2C39/7289
S 34.00
1182/4600A
$500-00
ML7815AL
S 60.00
2E26
7,95
46QQA
500.00
7843
107,00
2K28
200,00
4624
310.00
7854
130.00
3-5Q0Z
102.00
4657
84.00
ML7855KAL
125.00
3-10Q0Z/8164
400.00
4662
100.00
7984
14.95
3828/866A
9,50
4665
500.00
8072
84.00
3CX400U7/8961
255.00
4687
P.O.R.
8106
5.00
3CX100OA7/8Z83
526 , 00
5675
42 . 00
8117A
225.00
3CX3000F1/8239
567 . 00
5721
250.00
8121
110,00
3CW300O0H7
1700.00
5768
125,00
8122
110.00
3X2500A3
473.00
5819
119.00
8134
470.00
3X3000F1
567.00
5836
232.50
8156
12.00
4-65A/8165
59.00
5837
232,50
8233
60.00
4-125A/4D21
79.00
5861
140.00
8236
35.00
4-250A/5D22
98.00
5867A
185.00
8295/PL172
500.00
4-400A/8438
98,00
5868/AX9902
270.00
8458
35.00
4-4Q0B/7527
110.00
5876/A
42.00
8462
130.00
4-400C/6775
110.00
5881/6L6
8.00
S505A
95.00
4-100QA/8166
444,00
5893
60.00
8533W
136,00
4CX250B/7203
54.00
5S94/A
54.00
8560/A
75.00
4CX250FG/8621
75.00
5894B/8737
54.00
8560AS
100.00
4CX250K/8245
125.00
5946
395.00
8608
38,00
4CX25QR/7580W
90.00
6083/ AZ 9909
95.00
8624
100.00
4CX3G0A/8167
170.00
6146/6 146A
8.50
8637
70.00
4CX350A/8321
110.00
6146B/8298
10.50
8643
83.00
4CX350F/8322
115-00
6146W/7212
17.95
8647
168.00
4CX350FJ/89O4
140,00
6156
110.00
8683
95,00
4CX600J/88G9
835.00
6159
13,85
8877
465.00
4CX1000A/8I68
242.50*
6159B
23.50
8903
13,00
4CX1Q00A/8168
485,00
6161
325.00
8950
13.00
4CX1500B/8660
555.00
6280
42.50
8930
137 . 00
4CX5000A/817O
1100,00
6291
180.00
6L6 Metal
25.00
4CXI0OO0D/8I71
1255.00
6293
24.00
6L6GC
5.03
4CX15000A/828I
1500,00
6326
P.O.R-
6CA7/EL34
5,38
4CW800F
710.00
6360/A
5.75
6CL6
3.50
4D32
240.00
6399
540.00
6DJ8
2.50
4E27A/5-125B
240.00
6550A
10.00
6DQ5
6,58
4PR60A
200.00
6883B/8032A/8552
10.00
6GF5
5,85
4PR60B
345.00
6897
160.00
6GJ5A
6.20
4PR65A/8187
175.00
6907
79.00
6GK6
6.00
4PR1G0OA/8189
590.00
6922/6DJ8
5.00
6HB5
6,00
4X15QA/7034
60.00
6939
22.00
6HF5
8.73
4X150D/7609
95.00
7094
250-00
6JG6A
6.28
4X250B
45.00
7117
38.50
6JM6
6.00
4X250F
45.00
7203
P.O.R.
6JN6
6.00
4X500A
412.00
7211
100.00
6JS6C
7.25 1
5CX1500A
660.00
7213
300.00*
6KN6
5.05
T88
27.50
7214
300.00*
6K06
8.25
416B
45.00
7271
135.00
6LF6
7.00
416C
62.50
7289/2C39
34,00
6LQ6 G.E.
7.00
572B/T160L
49.95
7325
P.O.R.
6LQ6/6HJ6 Sylvania 9.00
592/3-200A3
211.00
7360
13.50
6ME6
8.90
807
8,50
7377
85.00
12AT7
3.50
811A
15.00
7408
2.50
12AX7
3.00
812A
29.00
7609
95.00
12BY7
5 . 00
813
50.00
7735
36.00
12JB6A
6.50
NOTE * - USED TUBE
NOTE P.O.R. = PRICE
ON REQUEST
"ALL PARTS MAY BE
MEW, USED, OR
SURPLUS. PARTS MAY BE
SUBSTITUTED
WITH COMPARABLE
PARTS IF WE
ARE OUT OF STOCK OF AN ITEM.
NOTICE: ALL PRICES ARE SUBJECT
TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.
For information call: (602) 242-3037
Toll Free Number
"AH parts ma
i be new or ^^wl ^
*H 7 -
Efcl A **#>«* rfVl
n«rf*4^
800-528-0180
surplus, arid parts may be ^IITM
s ubs 1 lluied w Uh comparable part s x.^/
t\x <
cicctroi
Rjc®
(For orders only)
U we are oul ol slock qf arv item/'
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
73 Magazine • February, 1 §84 111
"FILTERS"
COLLINS Hechantcol Filter #526-9724-010 MODEL R55Z32F
45SKHZ at 3,2KHz wide. May be otter models but equivalent. May be used or new, $15,99
ATLAS Crystal Filters
5.595-2.7/8/ISB, 5.595-2,7/L5B
6 pole 2„7khz wide Upper sideband, Inpedence SOOorms 15pf m/800oJins Opf out, 19.99
5.595-2.7/8/U, 5.595-2/7/USB
8 pole 2.7Kh2 wide Upper sideband- Jjtpedence SOOorms 15pf In/800orirt5 Opf out* 19,99
5 . 595-, 500/4 0 5. 595-* 500/4/CW
4 pole 500 cycles wide CW. Inpedance SOOohns 15pf In/SOOolms Opf out, 19.99
9 . OUSB/CW
6 pole 2,7KH2 wide at 6dB, Inpedance 680ohns 7pf ln/300ohms 8pf out- CW-1599HZ 19.99
KOKUSAI ELECTRIC CO, Mechanical Filter #riF-455-ZL/ZU-21H
455KHz at Center Frequency of 453, 5KC, Carrier Frequency of 455KHz 2,36KC Bandwidth*
Upper sidebard, (ZU) 19,99
lower sidebard. (ZL) 19,99
CRYSTAL FILTERS
NIKKO
TEW
SDK
TYC0/O>
MOTOKOIA
PTI
PTI
PTI
COMTECH
FPC
FILTBCH
♦ **-*-***
FX-07800C
FBC- 103-2
SCH-113A
TF-31H250
001019880
4884863B01
5350C
5426C
1479
A10300
EKXF-15700
2131
7 , 3MHz
10,6935MH2
11 . 2735MHz
CF 3179. 3KHz
10,7MHz 2pole ISKHz bandwidth
11.7MHz 2pole ISKHz bartiwidth
12MHz 2pole 15KHz bandwidth
21.4MHz 2pole ISKHz bandwidth
10.7MHz 8pole bandwidth 7*5KHz at 3dB, 5KHz at GdB
45MHz 2pole ISKHz bandwidth
20,6MH2 36KH2 wide
* *
CF 7.825MHz
$10.00
10.00
10,00
19.99
5,00
5.00
5.00
5,00
20,00
6.00
10.00
10,00
****«**«ft***«*«*«v*e*****+**«*«»**+*»«
CERAMIC FILTERS
AXEL
CLEVITC
mjkata
NIPPON
TOKIN
MATSUSHIKA
4F449
TO-01A
TCF4-12D36A
BFE455B
DFB455L
CFH455E
CFM455D
CFR455E
CFU455B
CFU455C
CFU455G
CFU455H
CFU455I
CFW455D
CFW455H
SFB455D
SFD455D
SFE10.7MA
SFE10.7MS
SFG10*7*GV
IF-B4/CFU455I
LF-B6/OTJ455H
IT-B8
LF-C18
CF455VBFU455K
EFC-L455K
12.6M: Bandpass Filter 3dB bandwidth l,6KHz from ll.8-13.4KHz
455KHz4-2KHz bandwidth 4-7% at 3dB
455KHz-i-lKHz bandwidth 6dB min 12KHz, 60dB max 36KHz
455KHz
455KHZ
455KHz H-5.5KHZ at 3dB , +-8KHz at GdB , +-16KHz at 50dB
455KHz +-7KHZ at 3dB , -I-10KH2 at 6dD , 4-20KHZ at 50dB
4 55KHZ +-5.5KHZ at 3dB , 4-8KHz at 6&B , +-16KHZ at 60dB
455KHZ -4-2KH2 bandwidth +-15KHZ at 6dB, +-3QKHZ at 40dB
455KH2 -4-2KHZ bandwidth -i-12,5KHz at 6dB , +-24KHZ at 40dB
455KHz -i-lKHz bandwidth -r-4,5KHz at 6dB ,
455KHz +-1KHZ bandwidth +~3KHz at 6dB , +
455KHZ h-IKHz bandwidth -i-2KHz at 6dB ,
455KHZ +-10KHZ at 6dB f -4-20KHZ at 40dB
455KHz +-3KHz at 6dB , -l-9KHz at 40dB
455KHz
455KHZ 4-2KHZ , 3dB bandwidth 4.5FHZ +-1KKZ
10.7MHz 280KHZ -I-50KHZ at 3dB , 650KHZ at 20dB
10,7>Hz 230KH2 +-50KH2 at 3dB , 570KHZ at 20dB
10,7MHz
455KHz 4-lKHz
455KHZ -+-1KHZ
455KHz
455KHz
455KH2 -I-2KH2
455KHz
4-lQKHz at 40dB
9KHz at 40dB
6KHZ at 40dB
10,00
5.00
10.00
2.50
3.50
6.65
6.65
8.00
2.90
2.90
2.90
2,90
2,90
2.90
2,90
2.50
5.00
2,50
2.50
10,00
2.90
2,90
2.90
10.00
5.00
7.00
SPECTRA PHYSICS INC. Model 088 HeNe LASER TUBES
BEAM DIA, .75M BEAM DIR, 2,7MR
1000VDC +-100VDC At 3,7MA
ROTRON MUFFIN FANS Model MARK^/MU2A1
IMPEDENCE PROTECTED-?
* »
POWER OUTPUT 1.6MW,
68K CUM 1WATT BALLAST
8KV STARTTHG VODEftGE DC
$59,99
115 VAC 14 WATTS
105CFM at 60CPS
50/60CPS
THESE ARE NEW
88CFM at 50CPS
JW6!^ elect roqic$
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
Toll Free Number
800-528*0180
(For orders only)
$ 7,99
"All paris may be new or
surplus, and parts may be
substituted with comparable parts
if we are out of stock ot an hi em "
Fof information call: (602) 242-3037
t
112 73 Magazine • February, 1984
HEWLETT PACKARD SIGNAL GENERATORS
606m 50Kfiz to- 65ttHr In b bonds -* -13. Output ievel adjustable Jj.luV
to'-3V Into 50 ohms-Bullt-in crystal calibrator, 400 -lOOOHz
modulation.
S05B Same as above bur has freauertcy control feature ro altoiy
operation with HP 8708A Synchronizer,
60BC WHZ to 43DMHz, 0-luV- IV into 50 Ohms, AM, CM, Or pulse moa-
tiiotLon, calibrated attenuator.
6080/ 10MH£ to U2Umzt O.luV-O.SV into 50 ohms,+-0.5S accuracy,
TS510 built- in crystal calibrator, AM-CW or uulse output.
60&£ Improved verston of popular fioscuo to IV output. Improved
stability, low residua] fh,
6D3F lOflHz to 455HHZ In 5 bands + -1S frequency accuracy wjth
Outlt-in crystal ca) iDrntor.Con oe used with HP 8703A
Synch ran iier. Output continuous J v adjustable from . luV to
.5V Into 50 ohms,
&I2A HKFI25Q8HZ ,o.luV-(j,5V jnto 50 ohmj.col J orated output.
&14A 90Q-2iO0TW2 witr; Tiany features including calibrated output
ana all mouu i at \ an cfiaraa ers sties. v 500,00
fcl6A/ Direct readirpg and direct control from 1,8 to n.2GHz, The
T£w5 H.P..6I&A features +Ll,5dB calibrated output accuracy from
-3127dBm to -dBm.The outout Is directly calibrated In" micro
volts ana dBm with continuous nroni coring, stele operation
freauencv di'ad uccurucy is +-1X and stool 11 tv exceeds -0,0Q5S -
/ C change in ambient temperature. Co L Loratea attenuator is
within +-i.5dB aver entire output band. SO ohm impedance unit
has internal pulse modulation witn rep rate variable from kQ
Kz to MHz, variable putsewidthU to inusecrand variable pulse
deloyfi to 30Ousec). External modulotlna inputs increas ver-
satility. % mM
61GB
* 65-0. DO"
618B
Hi 00. 00
618E
S 500,00
&20A
% 575,00
620B
626A
*]4v0.OO
S70&
fcllOti.QQ
i 750, GO.
UNEX LABOrWORliLS m-Z FLEXIODM HEADSET,
these headsets ccrrt with data to tiOdk up ta a ICflM ran as. aid irony other equipment
Perfect for Airplanes *. Helicopters s Ptoblie Radios ; or Just the lelecihcne.
Tliese Are Frxtory New in Sealed Boxes, limited Stpplv GfliV 569,56
cSM^
master charge
electronic*
"All parts may be new or
sorpljs, and parts may be
substituted with comparable parts
if we are out of stock of an item."
Some as above out later model.
5.8 to 7.6GHz range^with calibrated output una selection nf
pulse-Fn or square wave modulation.
Same as above oat later model,
7 to IIGhz range, with calibrated output ana selection of
Dulse-Frl or sauare wave moclu lotion
Same as above but later model,
10 to 156H*,ltlnn output power wit-i col iDroted output and
pulse-sauore wave or FM modulation,
$ 600,00
* 600.00
S2200.UO
l 750,00
12200, DO
^200.00
synchronizer used with 606B,&OSF. the synchronizer is a
Phase- lock frequency stabilizer which provides crystal-
GScUlotor freauencv stability to 430flHz in the 60SF signal
generator. Pfiase locking eliminates nwcropnonlcs and drift
resulting In excellent frequency stabll ity -The S708A incl.udes
a vernier wnich can tune the reference oscillator over o range
of +-0.25S permitting freauency settabllsty to % parts in 10
to the seventh. Provides n very stable signal that satisfies
many critical applications,
(With HP 606B ar &Q3F> * 350.00
(Without1 * 450. OD
EMC- 10.
NF-1G5F
LLLURGHETRICS EMC-iO RF1/EMI RECEIVER
Low freauency analyzer covering 20Hz to 50KHz freauency
range, Extendable to 500 KHz in wideband mode,
Empire Devices Field Intensity Meter,
Has NF-105/TAJHF-i05/TXJNF-lOS/Tl-NF-lD5/T2,NF-lG5/n.
Covers 14KHZ to iGOOMHz.
ALL LUUlPMtNl CARRY A 30 DA* GUARANTEE,
EQUIPMENT IS NOT CALIBRATED,
12500. 00
*2100.0G
ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS
DEFECTIVE MATERIAL: All claims for defective material must tj-s mad-e within s\*.l\ j$0|daya after recepl ol
parcel. AN cifiifflS must mCfuda '. he- da feci ive malaria: 1 Far [easing purposes}, our invorcrp nurr.rjei ,3.r.O !n« rS^'s
ol prirchage. AH feUirne must be pacfcBU properly or it <n\\\ »oid all wafrfl^Jies
DELIVER Y: Orders are mormill^ sfn^pec withm 43 twmps ahei reteipi o' customer's cder ir a pa*', haa lu he
backprde^ed tie customer Is hatiliati. Out normal shspamg Method :fi via f fr?1 Class Ma or UPS depending on
size and weighi of 1r\e pacKage. On test equipment ft !? by Air only, FOB snipping point
FOREIGN ORDERS: All ro-re?gn orders rnusl be prep am w! n casn^er's checK o>r money orde' made qui In U.S.
Funds We are sorry but CO-O. is nol avai table td foreign caunt^rres and Let1e>r$ a-f Credit are not an acceo fable
form 01 payment ealher. F untie* linformat^on 15 available ■on request
HOURS: Monday thru Saturday. B.3C a m m5:Dd p m
INSURANCE: Please <Tielutfe 2S$ tor each addit-.onal $100.00 aver $100 02 United Parcel On!y
ORDER FORMS: New ordflt terms am included with, each order (or your convenience. Additional forms are
available on request
POST AGE: Mini mum sh-pomc ana nanrlnng ir 1he US, Canada ami Mu *'co is$2.5€.all 03 her countries is S.5.0O.
On foreign orders include 20% snipping and) na^idling
PREPAID ORDERS: Ortfer must be ac companies by a check
PRICES: Prices are sjL|bci to change without nonce.
RESTOCK CHARGE: H parts are returned to MHZ Electronics due 10 customer error, customer will be ha id
responsible lor all extra lees, *<noe charged a i$% ressockmrj Tea, wiJh Etta remainder in credit only .AH returns
mui? have approval
SALES TAX: Arliona must add 5*^ sales lax, unless a signed Ariiona resale lax card is currently on file with
MHZ Electronics All orders pi seed by persons o'jtaiceof Anzona. out delivered 1o persons m Arizona are sub-
ject to the 5^* sales la*
SHORTAGE OR DAMAGE: AH claims To' shariaues or damages must be made within 5 days aher receipt Of
parcel Claims must inc<ude our Invoice number and Jhe aale of purchase. Customers which do npi noiiTy us
within ibis time period will be held responsive for the entire ordef as. we will consider ihe orctgr comniete
OUH aOQ NUMBER FS STRICT LV FOR QflDERS ONLV
NO INFORMATION WILL BE GIVEN. ifliQQ-52a-0l8C
TERMS. DOMESTIC Prepairj. C O D or Credit Card
foreign Prepaid only, u.£ ^ un ds.— money orde^ or cashier s cheeis only.
C.O.D.: Acceptable by telephone or man Paymeni From customer will oe by cash money order or cashier's
chac*. We are sorry bul we cannot accept personal checKs for C.O.D.'s"
CONFIRMING ORDERS: ^a wouic preTenhal com'rrming orders nol Oesem after a telephone orrJe' has been
piaced l« company policy necessities a conFirmmg order, pieasernarii CONFIRMING" boldly on, the order.
It proplams or duplicate shipments occur due to an omer which i« noi prooerly marked, customers win be
held responsible for any charges incurred. piuS a 15p/= res10c>i charge on relumed parls
CREDIT CARDS' we accept mastercarp visa ahoamerjcan express.
DATA SHEETS: When we have data sneets m stock on devices we do supply them with ihe order
For information call: (602) 242*3037
^48
2111 W, CAMCLBACK ROAD
PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85015
ToJI Frta Numbtr
SDD-52fl-0ia0
(For ordt:* only)
** See List of Advertisers on page 98
73 Magazine ■ February, 1984 113
..■ ■■ li *..
' ... "Iv^t V" m-
■ v. a l.
■ >-":■.'.,, ■
• "-■ , - ■
£
^^^^_
:^f&
j**j&&*.
A year of 73
$17,97
Amateur Radio's
Technical Journal
A Wayne Green Publication
73 keeps you up to date on what's happening
in the ham world. For only $17,97, 73 gives
you a year of:
•CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS-
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ports from 73 correspondents
around the giobe. Amateur radio
is a worldwide pastime and 73 is
your source for international
news,
•NEW PRODUCTS- 73 gives
you reports on state-of-the-art
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1962 alone, 73 introduced 137
pieces of newly-available ham
gearl
•REVIEWS — From keyersto
transceivers to tuners, you II save
money with 73' s first-hand equip-
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•DXING-Get the best DX col-
umn there is 73 columnist Chod
Harris VP2ML provides tips for
newcomers, profiles of the hams
behind those famous call signs,
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dates. Don't miss it]
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•HAM HELP^Thousands of
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73: Amateur Radio's Technical Journal
342F6
Box 931 • Farmingdale, NY 11737
114 73 Magazine ■ February, 1984
here is the next generation Repeater
MARK 4CR
In 1978 we created the first micro-
processor based repeater and here is its
successor the incomparable MARK 4CR.
Of course it has autodial and tail mes-
sages, after all, we invented those
features. Sure it has autopatch, reverse
patch and built-in ID. But hold on -- it
also has Message Master Tw real speech
and receiver voting, Its all new receiver
puts 7 large helical resonators up front
for extremely high dynamic range. Yes,
MARK 4CR is the next generation!
49
Unlimited vocabulary speech messages in your own voice
Hundreds of tone access functions, many with time-of-day setting
All vital parameters can be set remotely by tone access
Two phone lines and dozens of input/ output control lines
4 channel receiver voting plus full linking capability
Bus structured design for easy hardware/ software expansion
"Overload proof" receiver with 7 large helical resonators
Our famous MCS squelch, often called the best in the business, is
now even better with automatic fast/ slow switching
"■^Wttta
mm
liiiie
MICRO CONTROL SPECIALTIES
23 Elm Park, Groveland, MA 01834 (617) 372-3442
Selling 73 will
make money for
you. Consider the facts:
Fact 1: Selling 73 increases
store traffic— our dealers tell
us that 73 is one of the hottest-
selling amateur radio magazines on the
newsstands.
Fad 2: There is a direct correlation between
store traffic and sates — increase the number of
people coming through your door and you'll increase
Fact 3: Fact 1 + Fact 2 = INCREASED SALES, which
means more money for you. And that's a fact.
For information on selling 73, call 800-343-0728 {in New
Hampshire call 1-924-9471) and speak with Ginnie
Boudrieau, our bulk sales manager Or write to her at
73, 80 Pine St., Peterborough. NH 03458.
73
Amateur Radios
Technical Journal
80 Pine Street Peterborough, NH 03459
800-3430728
— \ %** V
ORBIT is the Official Journal for the
Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation.
For a SAMPLE COPY please
send $2 to:
(AMSAT), P.O. Box 27, Washington, DC
20047.
*> See List of AOvertisers on page 93
73 Magazine • February, 1984 115
international)
from p&Q& 75
trlx printer), I am obviously net a fan of me-
chanical system a, 4 was surprised, there-
fore, to note thai GQ% of traditionalists pi en
to keep (heir mechanized RTTY.
As more and more computers come into
amateur-radio snacks, so the desire for
higher transmission speeds takes on a
more urgent note After years ot watching
news agency reports print at 50 baud, the
thought oi 300 lor even 12Q0| baud is Indeed
enticing, A problem with the existing de
facto amateur data transmission standard
{CUTS or Kansas City) is that it uses har
mon I cally -related tones which will give very
poor results in conditions of low s igna Mo-
no I se ratio.
BARTG has therefore proposed {for con-
sideration at the IARU region conference in
1984) that existing RTTY standards be used
as follows— 300 baud. t70-Hz shift. 1200
baud, 95G-Hz shift FSK transmissions will
have space on the lower radio frequency
and AF5K wilt use 1275 Hz for space and
1445 Hz (170-Hz shift) or 2126 Hz |85f>Hz
shift) for mark for 300 baud or 1200 baud,
respectively-
Further 0ARTG proposals for the confer-
ence Include:
• The adoption ot a 10-bit ASCII code using
even or indeterminate parity (plus 1 start, 7
data, and 1 stop). (Author's note: Many
commercial systems use 11 bits lor asyn-
chronous ASCII by adding a second stop
bn\)
• The adoption ot CCiR 476-1 at 100 baud
(the basis of AMTOR) as the international
amateur standard for an error-correcting
code.
• Standard amateur RTTY speeds of SO, 75.
and 100 baud (note the dropping of 45.45)
• Dropping the requirement that amateur
fiTTY station* regularly transmit voice or
CW Identifications when using CCITT al-
phabet no, Z (Baudot).
• The adoption tor amateur mailbox oper-
ations of the protocols used lor Viewdata
{Videotex)
I find ttie last proposal rather odd and
think it Is almost a backward step' View-
data does not use error -correction and is
asymmetric (uses different speeds in the
forward re! urn directions).
he has come to yet another advanced coun-
try. What, then, Is this talk about underde-
veloped and developing countries? That is
for consumption by the World Bank and
other UN organizations, Yes, we do have a
lower per capita income, but everything is
cheap in the same proportion. In brief, you
can live In India on as many rupees as you
would need dollars living in the US for a
comparable standard of living India builds
Its own nuclear power plants and launches
its own satellites on its own rockets— a Ut-
ile late, but with the technological advan
t ages of the stale of the art. Soon, Indian
hams will be using a saielilie built by them
and launched for them by the Indian Space
Research Organization. It will probably be
cailed the Indamsat — such an appropriate
acronym!
So, you probably landed in Bombay on a
Pan Am flight. Bombay has over 200 call-
signs and most of them are members of a
club called the Radio and Electronics Soci-
ety of India. One of the dream snacks is that
of Capt D- Dasan VU2AID, a senior man-
ager In Air India who also holds the Austra-
lian call VK61K. Most shacks in Bombay
have (com or Kenwood equipment, thanks
to VU2RX (who represents Ihese two com-
panies}. Quite a few of them sport quads or
tri bander beams. Activity is mosily on the
14-, 21-, and 26-MHz bands. 2 meters is just
getting siarted, but it will take a repeater to
really turn this band on. It won't be long
before one is mstafled The calling frequen-
cies are U5.0 and 1455 MHz all over the
country.
There are more man 50 cait signs in Delhi.
but quite a few are inactive. The active calls
were Bemd VU2LQA from the German em
bassy, Aoki VU2JPN from the Japanese
embassy (both of whom have left India),
and brothers Rakesh VU2HAK and Rahul
VU2YK. wno are still In Delhi &rad VU2USE
from the American embassy was active, out
he has now been posted to some other
country.
Madras has Its share of active hams, in-
cluding Chauhan VU2MV, President of the
Federation of Amateur Radio Societies of
India (FAFtsr), who uses a Ten-Tec Delta
Equipment In the Madras shacks Is mosily
Heath. Ten-Tec, and Yaesu. In this city of 4
million, you will find the pace of life brisk
but not breakneck. Hams here will find time
for a friendly chat with you. even rf you ar
rtve unannounced. Avoid morning visits if
you can, except On hotfrdays. Life begins
early— around 5t00 in ihe morning— and
most hams are at work (known in India as
morning QTH) by 8:30, Most of them can re-
ceive visitors at their place ot work and in
any case can be got at on Ihe telephone.
The 2-meter net meets on 145.5 at 0800 an^
2000 hours dally.
Bangalore, promoted as the Garden City
of India, is about the same as Madras,
except that work for many begins at 7:00
in the morning. The Bangalore boys are
back home by 5 in the evening even after
commuting tens of miles. Many of these
are not available by telephone, but put
your 2-meter rig on scan and you may
meet many of them.
ft you are planning a short visit ol a few
weeks to India, you wilt probably no! have
enough time to obtain a reciprocal li-
cense. You canr however, operate from an
Indian shack with the permission of Ihe
QM, and you can save the trouble of bring-
ing along your shack. However, the path
towards W opens up ai art inconvenient
time lor working hams (around 1 1002), so
unless you plan lo operate from a pen-
INDIA
flSuona
Pes/ Box No 72$
$ Thiru-Vt-Ka Ftoao
Madras 600 006
A VISITING HAM'S
GUIDE TO INDIA
The time is gone when Ihe mention ol In-
dia conjures up visions of snake charmers,
elephants, and malwajas. All these are
there, but there is much more of interest to
the visitor— ham radio, for Instance.
Those who believe that India is a back
ward count ry are in *or a jolt. Your llrst esc-
pOSure to India will, of course, be the airport
(or the seaport. If you are trie M/M type).
Modem communications and facilities at
these entry points convince ihe visitor that
116 73 Magazine • February, 1984
s loner's shack, tr is likely that you will get
to everywhere except your homeland!
fn the event that you are planning to
have a home in India for a few months, you
can apply for a license about the same
time that you apply lor a visa Your appli-
cation should be addressed to the Wire-
less Adviser lo the Government of India.
Dept. of Communications, WPC wing,
Sardar Pat el Bhavsn, Sards r Sq . Parlia-
ment Street, New Delhi 11Q00"L The appli-
cation form can be obtained from that of-
fice or more promptly by writing The Fed-
eration of Amateur Radio Societies of In-
dia, 3 Thlru-VI-Ka Road, Post Box No. 725,
Madras 600 006, India (include 3 IRCs to
cover postage} A seif-addressed enve-
lope will furl her speed up action, the
forms will be posted the same day as your
letter is received in India. Send 10 more
IRCs if you want a copy of the Indian Caft-
book (which also contains telephone num-
bers).
You need not send money with your ap-
plication, but do send a copy to the Feder-
al Ion, When you get your visa, wrlie a let*
ler to The Wireless Adviser to the Govern-
ment of India, confirming thai you got it.
Send a copy to the Federation. You will
normally get the license by the time you
arrive in India, although much depends
upon the workload in the licensing depart
merit at the time of your application.
The power allowed in India is 150 Watts
rf output to antenna, which covers any
barefoot transceiver other than the
KWM2, Unless you are holding a Novice li-
cense, you will be allowed the use of the
following bands: 7.000-7.100 MHz
14.OOO-U.350 MHz; 21. 000-21. 450 MHz;
28.000-29.700 MHz; and 144-146 MHz,
The Indian government Is extremely
friendly towards amateur radio and tor
eign amateurs. If there is a delay in re-
sponse to your application, interpret it
generously as resulting from excessive
workload Once In a while the government
may turn down your application The
reason will probably be the same as when
the 115 embassy turns down an Indian ap-
plication tor a visa to visit the US. You can-
not tight Capitol Hill, so resign yourself lo
operating from an Indian shack it your
visa is not also refused. In the latter event,
the problem neatly solves itselfl
Now that you have a fairly good Idea of
what to do. plan your next vacation in In-
dia. Air India is a good aktine and wilt be
pteased to be of service if you choose to
fly with them. You might even run into
Capt. D. Dasan VU2AID. their operations
manager. Vice-President of FA RSI. on one
of ihe [umbos or at one of the airports.
ft L Kfi$hnan of Bhatai Electronics,
NEW OPERATING FREQUENCIES
FOR HAMS
The government of India has authorized
the following operating frequencies for
VU2 hams. Certain frequencies as indicat-
ed n a re shared with other services:
3500-3540* kHz; 3890-3900 kHz;
7000-7100 kHz; 1400-14350 kHz;
1806B- 18168* kHz; 2tD00-21450 kHz;
24690-24990* kHz: 2SO0O-2970O kHz; and
144-146 MHz,
The type of emission allowed to grade II
operators in the band up to 24.900 MHz ts
Ai onfy with 50 W maximum dc Input pow-
er. On 23-29,7 MHz, AI, A3, A3A, A3J, and
A3H are permitted On 144-146 MHz, A3,
A3 A, A3JP and F3 are permitted with a
power limit of low.
For grade I license holders, Al. A3, F3,
A3 A, A3J. A3H, F 1 , F2t F3, and A5 are per-
mitted on the HF band; A2 is permitted, in
addition to the above, for the VHP band.
Power is limited to 150 W in the HF band
and 25 W in the VHF band for terrestrial
and satellite work.
For the advanced amateur telegraph
SP-600
mimi*r? m
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SP-200
SP-400
Select 1 of 3 sensors by soft touch switch. Three wide
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RS-l: 1.6-60MHZ RS-2: ? .6-? 50MHz RS-3: ?30~500MHz
0-2kW 0-200W 0-200W
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DC-900MH*, I kW power
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TERMINATION POWER METERS
TP-05X
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5W talkie checker,
Held calibrate ble.
3W avg. Dummy Load,
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J,* See List of Advertisers on pag£ 98
73 Magazine ■ February, 1984 117
—
station, A1, A3, A3A, A3J. A3H, F1, F2. F3.
and A5 operations are permitted in the HF
bands (with power limited to 150 W). Also,
At. A2. A3, A3A, A3J, F1, F2, F3, ¥*. A3H,
A4. and AS operations (with a power limit
of 50 W for terrestrial and 100 W for satei
Nte-worfcmg) are permitted.
VU2BEL
The Managing Director of Bharat Elec-
tronics Lrmited rBEU. Mr. N. L Khshnan,
has promised to help their dub station
(VU2BEU with all facilities and equip-
ment. There are more than 40 hams on the
rot* of the establishment. In addition to
the club building, the establishment has
provided their communications equip-
ment, test equipment, antenna systems,
etc Now It is left to the Inclination and in-
terest of the hams to exploit and utilize
the facilities openly offered by the Manag-
ing Director. He has whole-heartedly said
that he Is willing to help hams with proj-
ects for the design and development of
new amateur equipment, especially ham
gear which can be produced and market-
ed so that the national market for ham
equipment can evolve,
The photograph shows the Managing
Director operating one of the transceivers
manufactured by BEL and given to the
VU2BEL club station.
ISRAEL
Ron Gang 4Z4MK
Kibbutz {kirn
Negev Mobile Post Office 85530
Israel
\ hope that from the last few columns
you haven't gotten the Impression that 1 he
only amateur pioneering work being done
here Ja In the VHF/UHF frontier. Yes, the
lower end of the amateur spectrum is a
new territory |ust beginning to be mapped
here. You eeer when In 1979 the World Ad-
ml hi B tr at I ve Radio Conference decided to
expand the ham bands, the groundwork
was laid for 160 meters to be opened up in
this part of the world. So, for the hardy
souls who brave the static-crash-torn
reaches of the Top Band, we can now see
what this band has to offer.
In the forefront of the pioneering effort
here is Riht 4X4 N J ol Gan Yavne on the
Mediterranean coast about titty kilome-
ters south of Tel- Aviv, Riki's endeavors on
160 go back to pre- W ARC years when, for
the CO Worldwide test in October . 1973, a
special license was granted to set up a
station. A full-size sloping dipole was
hung from (tie lop of the Four Seasons
Hotel m Natanya, on a cliff overlooking
the Mediterranean, and a Swan 160-meter
transceiver on loan from VE3MR provided
the means of exciting this effective anten-
na. From here on, FUki continued to experi-
ment with this band from his own QTH, ap-
plying for special permission whenever an
international contest would come up.
In October. 1962. along with 30, 17, and
12 meters. 160 became available to the la*
reel I radio amateur, 1810- 1S50 kHz may
be used on a primary basts by Class A am-
ateurs running a maximum of 100 Watts
input and Class B operators with 10
Watts, 1850-200 kHz may be used by A H-
censees only on a secondary-non*inteFfer-
ing basis with 10 Watts Input
4X4 N J has since then worked all conti-
nents and run up the all-time record for
Asia in the CO WW contest. The credit
must go to hard work, perseverance, and
The tA$KM pictorial QSL card, showing the SMOM location, an ancient villa near the Te-
vere ttver which has been recvgntzed as a national monument. For that reason, the trh
tender beam shown on the terrace (just right of the pfne tree) had to be dismantled. A tilt-
ingrown fiv&bander vertical is now planned for the same terrace.
sparing no efforts on a pood antenna sys-
tem.
Rikl began by loading the insulated guy
wires of his 65-foot -high tower, resem-
bling an Inverted L sloping towards North
America. Since then, the sky*wires have
become more sophisticated, transmitting
Into a 100-foot wire hung from the top of
the tower which is base loaded through a
silver -plated coil Sixteen 80-meter radiate
plus live quarter -wavelength 1 60-meter ra-
dials which are strung out temporarily
over adjoining fields lor contest week-
ends and assorted buried pipes comprise
an effective ground system.
Receiving was at first the real problem:
it was painstaki ngty difficult to dredge the
far-off stations calling 4X4NJ out of the at-
mospheric noise. Thus. fflH switched be-
tween tour different receiving antennas:
the transmitting antenna plus atten-
uators, a horizontallyiwlari^ed omnidi-
rectional di pole twelve feet upr a two-eie-
meni vertical phased array composed of
two iwenty-foot elements with a rot a table
pattern and remote transistor preamps,
and an 80-foot-long non-terminated
Beverage wire bi-directional to Europe
and North America on one end and VK-ZL
on the other. The Beverage, which Rlkl
added last season, far outshone the previ-
ous receiving antennas, finding the North
American stations, unreadable on the
other antennas, were 05 on this. This re-
ceiving antenna, added last winter, made
it possible to hear better than Rlkl could
be heard, so he decided that the next step
Jn which to go was that of better transmit-
ting effectiveness.
In early October, I goi hold of Rlkl on the
Tel Aviv repeater, and he told me of what
appears to be his latest breakthrough. He
recently completed a phased transmitting
■nay with a very low angle of radiation
and a rotary switch for selecting antenna
direction, Construction details are being
withheld until this antenna has been thor-
oughly tested out, Riki says that it ap-
pears to have a l54o-20-dB front -to-back
ratio and a forward gain ot 8 to 10 dB, On
receiving, it competes with the Beverage,
and in certain instances actually outper-
forms II! Both G3BDQ and OJ8WL report-
ed that he was coming in like a local, with
a greatly improved signal, so Riki is ex-
pecting big things out of this antenna.
On I he equipment end {notice that
we've left this for last, as on 160, the an-
tenna is what really makes the difference],
Rlkl is using the Drake C-ime. wllh a com-
bination of i-f and af filtering to squeeze
the weak signals out of the noise. At this
lime, 4X4 N J has worked on Top Band 72
countries (53 confirmed), 25 US states,
and all continents.
We wish Rikl best success on 160 thia
season, and hopefully some of you will
have already made contact with him.
There are other Israeli stations on 160 me-
ters, but by far 4X4NJ is the most serious
Of all!
I would like to conclude this month by
thanking all those who have taken the
time to respond to this column, either by
letter or on the air. It has been heartening
for me to know that so many people are In-
terested in what's happening In this coun-
try outside of the tense headline news.
This underlines if}e human aspect of ama-
teur radio that makes possible people-to-
people contacts, bypassing international
boundaries and tensions,
Until next month. Shalom {peace) and
71
The tA$KM crew. From left, standing lOMGM, ItJX, I0AMU, 16MXM i$tj is sitting ot the
mike. The atmosphere of the very exclusive ham shack is enhanced by ancient and valu-
able pictures on the watts.
ITALY
Gtancarlo Martelli IQXXH
Via Bevignani, W
00162 Roma
Italy
Mario Ambrosi I2MQP
Via Stradelta. 13
20129 Milano
Italy
tMKH— THE SOVEREIGN MILITARY
ORDER OF MALTA HAM STATION
One of the most requested countries in
the DXCC fan's world is the Sovereign
Order of Malta, prefix I A0. This poiillcaJ en-
tity, founded in 1099, meoonteed by Pope
Pascal It in 1310, and known as
SMOM— Sovrano Mil it are Onjine di Mal-
ta—is fully independent from the Italian
state, and under the provisions of interna-
tional law, it maintains diplomatic relations
with many countries and inter national or-
ganizations. The main acthriiy ot the tiny
political and territorial entity which is lo-
cated in a beautiful spot of Borne near the
Tevere River, is concerned with worldwide
assistance in the sanitary and social fields.
The 1AGKM station was activated in No-
vember, 1980, when the Knights of Malta
asked some amateurs to give their assis-
tance in setting up radio contacts with their
field hospitals local ed In the territory hit by
the tremendous earthquake In Irpinia,
South Italy. Just following that event,
1AQKM operated for some months, until
January, 1961, raising savage pileups
whenever it appeared on [he bands. During
that period, the station made about 3,000
QSOs. The DX Advisory Committee of the
ARAL after a complete survey ot the docu-
ments submitted by SMOM through the sta-
tion operators, recognized the independent
political status of the territory governed by
the Knights of Malta and added the 1A9
prefix to the DXCC list, giving credit to the
tAf KM cards starting from its earttest oper-
ations. The amateurs who started up the
station and the new country, and who at
present are the exclusive operators allowed
to carry out ham-radio activity there, am AJ
•AMU, Tony «U. Tony »JX. Mario ItMGM,
and Mario hlMXM
Due to the room shortage in the ancient
villa which houses SMOM, the 1A*KM sta-
tion does not yet have a fixed setup, and the
rigs, as well as the antennas, are being
taken inside and assembled whenever the
si at ion must operate; this fa neither prac-
tical nor fas l
A trl bander beam antenna which was
mounted on the building roof had to be dis-
assembled for esthetic reasons, since the
villa is recognized as an antique and a valu-
able monument.
At the time of this writing, the 1AWCM
crew is trying to get a comer to set up a
permanent shack and a permanent anten-
na. The already-mentioned willing boys
taxed themselves and bought a Yaesu FT-
901 DM transceiver, a Henry R2DK Classic
IIS 73 Magazine * February, 1984
amplifier, and a five-band 1BAVT ground
plana. They plan to put the antenna on the
building terrace, with provisions to I lit ft
down on the floor when not in operation.
This stable arrangement will allow the sta-
tion crew to put the 1 A9 sigs on the air more
frequent ly, possibly entering some interna
iional contests as well.
The official QSL manager is Mario
I0MGM, but due to the very heavy task in-
volved with such a management, the
cards tor contacts made with the other op-
erators (I0IJ. IQJX, I0AMU, and IQMXM)
may be sent directly to these boys* who
will manage their own QSLs: Antonio
Ptivitera IOU, Via Cere si o. 34, 00199 Rome,
Antonio Vernucci liJX. Via G C Abba. 8,
00141 Rome; Mario Gaiiavotti l*MGM+ Via
Cassia, 929, 00139 Rome, Alfonso Porret-
ta I4AMU, Lgo S.Pio V. 16, 00155 Roma:
and Mario Monaco I0MXM, Via R, Pao-
lucd, 27/13, 00152 Rome.
HAM RADIO IN ITALY
BEFORE WWII
It may be that the old-timers who
started their activity before WWII are in-
terested In knowing what amateur radio
was like in Italy during the Fascist period,
Italy had its own pioneers, like Adriano
Ducal i 1ACD, Giuito Saiom 1MT, and oth-
ers who broke the shortwave OX frontiers,
establishing some world records in the
roaring old times, around 1924-1025. They
had government provisional permission
then, as no laws or rules on amateur-radio
activity had been Issued in our country at
that time. These laws or rules were never
Issued by the Fascist government, ex-
cluding one point ol the Italian Postal
Code where it was slated that "nobody
shall exercise a transmitting radio sta-
tion without the Post and Telegraph
Ministry permission." Theoretically, ham
radio was not forbidden, but on the other
hand, the permission was not granted
either The reason for this was that the
Fascists did not see with much pleasure
every form of private contact between the
Italian citizens and foreign democratic
countries.
Naturally, radio had many fans in Italy,
mostly devoted to horne-brewing. There
were three or four consumer magazines
devoted to these tans, publishing descrip-
tions, schematics, and advice on how to
build BC radios. SW radios, and even
amateur transmitters. There were also
many good technicians, many of them
very young, who home-brewed good SW
receivers and listened to international BC
stations and to foreign amateurs.
During that period, tng Ernesto Montu,
an electronics engineer and university
teacher who was famous in Italy for his
Radiotecntque Manual, and who also had
been one of the ham-radio pioneers many
years before, founded the ARI, the asso-
ciation which still officially represents
amateur radio in our country. At the same
time, some amateur stations appeared on
the bands in a clandestine way, with self-
assigned call signs. They did not commu-
nicate their names or QTHs. and they op-
erated undisturbed. Their number started
to grow, and in the meantime, Ing, Montu
Started Mvwy small (but very dangerous in
those times) QSL bureau in his own home,
which also housed the ari headquarters
and a new magazine, Radio Giornate, the
Official journal of the association.
Year after year, the number of Italian
hams increased. They tried to have a
clean and purely technical kind of opera-
tion, in order not to raise any suspicion as
to their intentions. The petit ica) police
and the postal police played a very fair
game and were highly tolerant as they ap-
parently seemed to ignore that Kind of ac-
tivity
l was almost a Kid then and was deeply
Involved with radio, home-brewing re-
ceivers—at first simple crystal types,
then regenerative sets with two or more
tubes. When I first received shortwave, I
was fascinated by the code transmissions
and learned it in a hurry; then when I start-
ed to 1 1 sten to the amateurs, I got really ex-
cited. I tried to get some information on
how to get started, but the answers I got
were vague. Some operators told me that
they were Fascists, and that only Fascists
Could operate radio stations. Others
warned me not to get Involved in such a
dangerous activity, I was 17 when I decid-
ed mat 1 had to gel on the air My poor
pocket (1 was a student) permitted me to
buy a T45 tube and an '80 rectifier, a supply
transformer, and some other parts, all
secondhand, and I started my activity with
the 45" seif-oscJllating in a Hartley circuit
and a Windom antenna.
I made a lot of DX contacts with that
makeshift rig and got my WAC, which
lived in my heart since I could not get the
award from the ARRLt Although I did not
declare my OTH and my name on the air, I
found that some form of hidden intelli-
gence, word after word, indication after in-
dication, could be carried out in order to
get in touch with other Italian fellows.
That system worked, and I joined other
friends and attended the annual meeting,
a very clandestine one En Milano, where I
knew Mr. Montu and had the chance to re-
ceive some QSL cards.
I had to rely only on that simple Q&P rig
and on a threetube regenerative receiver,
as my pockalbook did not permit much
more. Many Italian hams were in posses-
sion of sophisticated transmitters, like
crystal-controlled MOPAs with transmit
ting tubes in the power amplifier. Many of
these tubes and components, like 807s
and 813s. were coming into Italy through
bootfeggers from Swi tier land. In Italy, we
also had a very good commercially-pro-
duced receiver, with a six- band drum coil
Switching system, low* loss materials In
the front end, S-meler. and optional bfo. It
tit into a sumptuous mahogany cabinet
like a BC receiver, but In reality, it was a
real communication receiver. It was put
out by I MCA, a firm owned by an under
ground Italian ham. That beautiful receiv-
er was in many Italian shacks during the
latter hatf of the thirties.
One day, I got an answer to a CO from a
very powerful station, presumably local,
which gave a nam call sign and spoke per-
fect ham language The operator, to my
surprise, gave me an address in the same
city where I lived — Bologna — and invited
me to pay him a visit. His open style was
very unusual in our community, but his In-
vitation and his voice sounded so friendly
that I decided to go. I turned pate when on
the door I read: "Voluntary Mi II tie for the
National Security— Radio Center," I de-
cided to turn back when a gentleman who
was standing near the door asked me if I
was II PL He said, "I imagined your sur-
prise and your fear, so t was waiting Just
to reassure you, Old Man," He cordially in-
vited me inside.
Wow! For the first time in my life I saw
an RCA AR88 and an RME 69' All around
were racks filled with radio gear. "Boy,
what is that strange key with two black
paddles? What does 'Vibrople*' mean?" I
fait myself getting faint when 1 saw some
Shelves f I lied with OS 7s. ARAL hand
books, and bunches of QSLs from every-
where In the world, "What kind of QSL bur-
eau are you using?" I asked him. "Direct
mail" was the answer. My surprise was
endless, as there was a tight censorship
Of mai I to and from abroad.
I visited another room where I saw sev-
eral AHBBs and some operators typewrit-
ing Nobody explained to me what they
were watching. My new friend was a lieu-
tenant colonel of the Fascist Militia, a mil-
itary organization composed of members
of the Fascist Party which cooperated
with the regular army and supported the
Fascist idea within Italian society, I visa-
ed my new friend very often and intro-
duced him to other amateurs of Bologna.
Going back In my memory to these old
days, I now realize that the funny situation
which had seen outlaw radio amateurs
becoming friends of the people who
denied licenses and transmitting permis-
sion was (he mirror of Italian society in
the late thirties when the Fascist dictator-
ship became more of a formality than a
realfty in everyday life, due to the humani-
tarian philosophy of the Italian people.
Three years later, when the tragedy of
WWII was approaching and the German
Army Invaded Belgium and Holland, the
European radio amateurs were silent,
since the administrations had revoked
their licenses, Italian hams were still oper-
ating, mainly with hams on other conti-
nents. One evening, the postal police, to-
gether with the political police, paid a visit
to Italian ham shacks all over the Italian
territory. I must say that they "paid a
visit, f1 since when they came to my home
they showed extremely good manners.
They had a perquisition order, but they
asked kindly for permission to lake a look
at my shack. I was alone at home,, as my
mother was out. and tried to deny them
entrance. They reassured me that there
was nothing to worry about, but that they
had to confiscate the II PL station. They
took away the rig, the key. the log, and the
QSLs. My mother, when she came back,
found me sitting on the outdoor step with
tears in my eyes.
I ran to my friend (he morning after.
"Don't worry," he sard. "Let the waters
settle for a few days and you will have
your rig back, but you have to promise that
you and your friends will disassemble ev-
erything. There will be no more ham
radio." A few days later, t was invited to
the office of the political police, where I
learned thai we had been monitored for a
very long time They said thai since I car-
rled out only experimental work, I had to
pay only the minimum amount of a fine,
due to the infringement of the Postal
Code: '"Nobody shall exercise a transmit-
ting radio station without, . . "\ etc. A few
days later, I got my gear back and disas-
sembled everything.
That was amateur radio before WWII in
Italy,
UNITED ACTIVITY ON 3,5 MHZ
At present and In the near future, until
the Italian administration makes up its
mind on Issuing new rules, It will be practi-
cally Impossible to work Italian stations
on the usual CW, flTTY. and SSS DX sub-
bands recommended by the IARU
The story starts long ago in 19&8 when
the last Italian law ruling radio-amateur
activity was issued. On that occasion, the
Italian administration gave a singular in-
terpretation to the concept of "sharing"
the 35-MHz band between the Radioama-
teur Service and other fixed and mobile
services. Since amateurs had a secondary
status according to WARC statements at
that time, they obtained in Italy only the
following thin frequency slices: 3.613-
3.627 and 3.&47-3.S67. The rest of the
band was assigned to the other services.
Many years passed during which that
limiting rule was slowly forgotten. During
this long period, amateurs spread out
from their narrow subbands and joined
their foreign fellows on the whole band.
After some years, Italian hams believed
that the administration had issued new
rules, The administration itself did not
care much about this illegal operation,
and that reinforced the conviction that
everything was OK, I, like many others,
never suspected that anything was wrong.
In many instances, the ARI official
magazine, Radio Rivista, published the
amateur band plan for Italy, with the
whole 3,5-MHz band assigned to
amateurs according to the WARC fre-
quency allocations, forgetting the princi-
ple that our administration had the right
to forbid some frequencies to some ser
vices.
Suddenly, last spring, somebody inside
these offices remembered the law. A tight
monitoring started, and amateurs found
outside legal subbands were warned, and
some were fined. At the same time, anoth-
er offensive started: Administration offi-
cers visited many ham shacks and fined
all those who were found in possession of
linear amplifiers, as the maximum legal
power In Italy Is 300 Watts input. Other mi-
nor discrepancies, like inaccurate log-
ging, were verified and prosecuted, and
some action was taken against amateurs
working 1*4 MHz mobile from their cam.
In fad. in Italy, any amateur mobile opera-
tion is forbidden, except for CBers who
are authorized to carry radios In their cars.
From this perspective, other clouds
could appear on the Italian amateur's hor-
izon. The above-mentioned law does not
take into consideration any unattended
station outside the legal residence of the
licensee; For that, alt the VHF and UHF re-
peaters must be considered Illegal and
could be dismantled by administration of-
ficers. The same thing could be said about
the SSB transmission mode: The old 1968
lew authorizes only CW, AM, RTTr\ and
FM above 144 MHz; no further official act
authorizing SSB has come since then.
Until today, our administration has
closed both eyes; she could suddenly
wake up, like she did about the 3.5-MHz
band. We strongly hope that these archaic
and out-of-date rules may be modified as
soon as possible. But as a matter of fact,
ai present. Italian hams are at least out of
the game as far as any 5-band activity Is
concerned, Ilka contests, awards, etc.
Italian amateurs are still in shock after
the withdrawal of the 3.5-MHz band. There
are big discussions on the air and in the
clubs. The ARi— Assoc* azione Radioama-
tori itahani — is accused of not having
supported in due time the cause of Italian
amateurs on that occasion in fact, the
ARI was absent when the Italian adminis-
tration started its battle against ama-
teurs. In addition, the ARI failed to warn
amateurs about what was happening, so
many of [hem continued to operate out-
side the permitted slices and were moni-
tored and punished.
Italy Is a very beautiful country. It is al-
so a very contradictory one, due to Its very
young democracy and the proolerns raised
by very fast growth. On one side, there Is
probably an excess of freedom due to a
widely acclaimed liberalism— a clear re
action to the Fascist period. On the other
Side, most of the bureaucracy suffers
from an old-fashioned paternalism to
which they abdicate when in the counter-
part they find power.
In the tefecommunications field, the ex-
cess of freedom, unchained by a sentence
of the Constitutional Court ("Everybody
has the right, by any means, to express his
thought'}, Jed to an uncontrolled and ab-
normal growth of private TV and FM BC
stations, operating unlicensed and unper-
mitted, with no technical control— a feat
jungle of interference with spurious radia-
tion lamming other services, mainly the
73 Magazine • February, 1984 119
aeronautical ones. The whole situation is
absolutely inexpugnable due to ttwJ
amount of political and commercial inter-
ests lying under it. The administrate on is
•ISO laced by other big problems, like the
continuous increase of pirate stations.
These stations worfc with amateur trans-
ceivers, often using linears and beams,
and t\a.*e invaded many frequencies allo-
cated to the aeronautical mobile services,
like 45 meters and segments of bands
near 80 meters, An inestimable number of
handheld transceivers {which in Italy are
sold with the same ease as a cigarette
box) carry Illegal private VHF and UHF
communications. Due to the power under-
lying the TV and BC stations and the prac-
tical impossibility of locating thousands
of Illegal stations, the administration had
to raise Its hands On the other hand, the
administration, incapable of controlling
the described mess and overloaded by the
problems caused by the last growth of the
communications systems in our country,
has a fair chance at repressing the ama-
teurs who pose them further problems,
since they are a weak and not a politically
supported community.
At present, many Italian groups under-
stand that their problems cannot be
solved through traditional negotiation
with the administration. They need a dif-
ferent platform. Maybe in the near future
they will look tor the support ol the nation-
al media; TV, newspapers, and maga-
zines, it may happen also that they decide
to ask for support from fellow amateurs
around the world and from ham maga-
zines and foreign ham associations. We
regret to inform the hams who read '73 In-
ternational" around the world that, for the
moment, Italian amateurs are cut out from
the international path on the 3 5-MHz
band and must disappear from the friend-
ly competitions based on frveoarvd com-
munications. We do hope to be back with
you very SOOA.
deUXXf*
SENATOR COSSIGA
A i the end of last July, a telegram was
received at the editorial office of the
Italian League. The telegram was sent
from the Senate — more specifically, from
Ihe secretary of the president of Ihe Sen-
ate. The telegram said that the president
required another copy of the July Issue of
ihe national radio magazine, since his
copy was probably lost in the mail, It was
with great pleasure that a second copy
was sent to Francesco Cossiga WFCGT
president of the Senate, the second high-
est dignitary of the state.
14 FOG has been active since 1973 but
hasn't had too much time to devote to
radio, and in particular, to DXing— his
favorite aspect of the hobby He has been
helped by the DXers of the Rome area with
info and QSL routes. During a recent Inter-
view with one weekly magazine, he said: "I
am a radio amateur and I am sorry not lo
have too much time to dedicate to it. In
any case, during the weekends and holi-
days thai I spend In Sardinia where I come
from, I like to chat with friends and con-
tact Alaska, the USA, and New Zealand."
Senator Cossiga was born 55 years ago,
and after a few years of teaching at Sas-
sari University, he joined the Christian
Democrats and won a seat In the House of
Parliament in 1956- He has served in vari-
ous positions in the government and has
also been Prime Minister.
NEW PX RECORDS
New records from I9SYN were estab-
lished during July. A expedition spon-
sored by the Italian DX Blue Team took
place during the end ol June and the be-
ginning of July. The trip started on June 29
from Perugia, in the center of Italy. The
destination was the north of Africa The
group consisted of three Italians. idSNV.
IQKBL, and l«RSC, plus EA5«K. Cauta.
EA9> was reached by car on July 2 after a
trip of 3000 kilometers. On July 5T the first
record was made with a contact on 1296
MHz with iSTUSfc, for a distance of igi4
kilometers. After giving new ones on 144
and 432 to all Europe, the group started
working on 10 GHz, and on Juiy 8, several
contacts of more than 1500 kilometers
were made. The record contact was 1663
kilometers, with I0YLUTE9, Nexi year the
group will try again to activate Other coun-
tries on various frequencies and to break
soma records,
de I2MQP
MEXICO
Mark K. Tottf/ian XE1KMT
Nantfu 21
Verge! cfe Arboledas
Cd Lopez Ma tens, Mex,
54500 Mexico
OPERATING IN MEXICO
I have received quite a few letters from
foreign colleagues with regards to oper-
ating within Mexico while on vacation. No
doubl the following information will be
useful to many who may have wondered
this as watt.
Can You Operate In Mexico?
Sure you can! However, just as in all
lands, papers are required. And where
there are papers, paperwork is involved.
Mexico is not the exception Some calf if
"red tape," It all depends on how you look
at it This brings to mind an expression
that my mother often helped me to ap-
preciate: "What's worth getting Is worth
waiting for1" It has come In handy and
helped me keep a proper perspective of
things in life.
What Do You Need To Do?
Well, there are different factors Involved.
First of all, this depends on whether your
country and Mexico have a ba lateral or re-
ciprocal agreement or not. The United
States does not But if your country does,
then you can write to Mexico for an appli-
cation at the following address: Secreta-
ry de Communicacionas y Trans pones,
Subdirecclon de Operaoon de Sistemas
Radioelectricos, Depto. de Normas y
Reglamentos, Mexico 12. D.F
The application will stale what present
requirements are in your case, This, of
course, all depends on what details are
covered in the reciprocal agreement be-
tween your country and Mexico, A photo-
copy of your present ham license will defi-
nitely be asked for upon submit ting your
application. All foreign visitors will be
given a license not exceeding one year
from the date it was issued and not longer
than the expiration date on your visa If
youf home license expires even earlier,
don't expect to receive a permit to operate
in Mexico for a longer term than what you
were issued in your homeland
No Reciprocal Agreement. You Say?
There still exists the possibility of your
getting a limited ham license here, so
don't fret. The Mexican FCC f Seer elan a
de Communi cac i ones y Transposes —
sgT| will establish the requirements that
should pa sat is fled in addition lo those re-
quirements that are already set for nation-
al amateurs -to-be, The tourist receives a
visa for no more than six months,, so his li-
cense could not be Issued for more than
that amount of lime. The Immigrant has to
renew his visa fFM-2) each year for five
years, so he can be issued a renewed li-
cense each year upon presenting a photo-
copy of hts renewed immigration papers.
In either case, if your country does not
have a reciprocal agreement with Mexico,
then three tests are to be taken.
1} Morse code, if you apply for a first-
class license, you will be tested at 13
words per minute, second-class ap-
plicants will be tesled at 10 words per
minute, and the beginners will be tested
at 5 words per minute. The restricted li-
cense (good lor one year and not renew
able) does not require the code test.
2\ Theory, This Includes electricity,
magnetism, and radio communication.
Yes, you guessed it! All in Spanish and in
your own words! What better incentive
could you have tor brushing up on your
Spanish, besides coming to Mexico?!
3) Regulations. You could compare
this to a written driver s lesL You'll have to
know ihe laws and regulations of the air-
waves here in Mexico, just as in any
country.
Whether your country has a reciprocal
agreement with Mexico or not, you will be
required to send in with your application a
letter of responsibility, where a rial tonal
amateur (one who has the same or higher
grade license than what you are applying
fori slates that he will become responsi-
ble for you. Many of our 73 readers have
already established long-term friendships
with different experienced Mexican ama-
teurs over the years and perhaps even had
an "eyeball1" or two together. So that
should not present a problem for you.
Study Mitenal for the Mexican Ticket?
Why don't you write to Pablo A. Mooser
M. XETSR. Ay Schiller #329. Mexico &
D F.r and pel his book: Gu.ra de Estudtos
pern le Ucertcie de Radloaficionado
(Study Guide tor iho Ham Radio Amateur
License) in Spanish and study up right
away! He can also recommend to you
some other real fine publications avail-
able In Spanish as well, being President of
the Amateur Radio League here in Mexico.
Which Class License Do You Want?
Well, then again, that only depends on
your personal skills and know-how. Class
I and Class II are similar (the only dif-
ference being that you can transmit with 1
kW with the Class I license in certain
areas and with 250 Watts with the Class II
license in certain areas. This is all ex-
plained in detail in the above-recom-
mended book and in Mexico's official
regulations.
After applying for your license, the Mex-
ican government will then advise you
where you should go to take your tests; a
few months will be given as a margin. So it
would be best for you to apply as far in ad-
vance as possible for these tests if your
country has no bilateral agreement with
Mexico,
Since Mexico borders with the United
States, I know that many amateurs from
the US visit this country frequently and
some may have assumed that there is no
way to Operate here in Mexico, Never-
the! ess, my idea here has been to help you
realize that you can operate as a legal am-
ateur hate in Mexico upon fulfilling the
proper requirements, even though there is
no reciprocal agreement between the US
and Mexico, A Mexican amateur cannot
gel his US license either, unless he fulfills
requirements asked by the FCC. And
when you think of n, Isn't this part of
amateur radio? Don'i forget that "what's
worth getting is worth waiting fort" And
thanks again for your many fine letters I
LIBERIA
Brother Donard Stettes, C.S.C
EL2AUWB8HFY
Brothers of the Hoiy Cross
St, Patrick High School
PO Box 7005
Monrovia
Republic of Liberia
Did you ever hear of a fixed-frequency
amateur net?
Anything can happen in Liberia! We are
setting up a fixed-frequency net in the for
ty-meter band at 7 060 MHz- It is not
limited to f i Jted- frequency radios and it is
not limited to stations in Liberia. Actually.
the net is in operation at the present time
and DX stations, with of without traffic,
are welcome to checK in. 41 meets every
Sunday morning at zero eight hundred
zulu and on other days at zero seven hun-
dred Zulu.
Then why all this lalk about the fixed
frequency?
Well, the Liberia Radio Amateur Asso-
ciation is receiving same two dozen fixed-
frequency radios They are HeatbkEts and
will be converted and crystalled for 7.060
MHz. They wifl remain Association proper-
ty and will be rented out for five dollars a
year (or less if necessaryt
Our Novice-class operators are permit-
ted phone at 7.060 MHz so that they can
participate in the net activities. This is
important lor their encouragement and at
the same time it makes our net communi-
cation system more effective. This is a
very important tactot for us here in Liberia
where phones and postal service either do
not exist or are not dependable. Novices
{and In some cases, Generals) cannot af-
ford to buy amateur-radio equipment 1 so
these fixed-frequency radios are going to
fill a real need.
The 7.060-MHz frequency is a kind of
"get-togefher frequency'* for Liberia and
the countries within hearing distance, so
our young operators should have ample
opportunity to 'get out " Ai the same
time, they can talk to each other and they
can practice code, on the air, common i -
eating with each other by code. We are ex-
cited about this Mtlie venture.
The fixed-frequency net is not needed in
many other countries. Out for us it hoids
real promise.
THE NETHERLANDS
H. J a Meerman PDVDQV
ZandYOOflerweQ 33
2111 GR Aerdenhout
The Netherlands
RADIO AMATEUR EXAMS
Twice a year, spring and fall, the Dutch
amateur-radio exams are heid All persons
who want to get a D license (145 MHz. no
code) or upgrade to C class (145 and high-
er, no code) have to pass this exam.
The exam for the Dutch novice D II*
120 73 Magazine • February, 1984
cm** consists of 40 multiple- choice
questions about transmitters, receivers,
antennas, fitters, radio reputations, and li-
cense conditions. Three answers a#e
given for each question; you must have at
least 29 correct answers to pass this
exam with good resuils,
For the C license, you have to fill in 50
questions and you nave the choice of four
answers to each question, but you must
have 35 answers correct to oat a C license.
For the D exam, you have 75 minutes to
complete all the questions. For the C
exam, you have 3D minutes more time lo
finish.
The exam is held in a targe hair normally
used as an exhibition hall. Hundreds of
tables and chairs are placed m this enor
mous hall, with space enough between
each table so that it is impassible to look
at your neighbor's exam papers.
The exam questions are bundled In a
small 1 5-page booklet. The answers to the
questions must be written down on a com-
puter form, so that the forms can be calcu-
lated by a computer.
The Dutch amateur- radio exams are not
tree The cost is 50 Dutch guilders and
must be paid in advance to the account of
Ihe Dutch PTT.
After passing the C exam, you can up-
grade to the A status lall bands, all
modes). For this A status, you must pass a
code exam of 12 words a minute.
The results of the exams are malted to
each person who takes the exam, it takes
three weeks before the results are mailed
In Ihe meantime, however, there is
another way to know the results.
After the exams. National Dutch Ama
teur Radio Station PA8AA has a special
broadcast about the exam results, The
Dutch television also publishes the re
suits on the "Dutch Teleteksi System."
In 1962, a total of 1607 candidates came
to the D exam. 2429 persons took ihe C
exam So it ts pJain to see that Ihe interest
In amateur radio is very much alive in Hol-
land, Most of this interest is due to the
code-free exam of the C and D licenses.
bul most of the amateurs try to master the
code after some years working on VHF
andUHF.
It you pass a Dutch amaleur-radio exam
with good results, you have to sign a
paper, a kind of contract, which states
thai you agree with the license conditions
and lhat you'll agree with rules to be taken
by the authorities in the future. So you are
agreeing with rules that you do not even
know, Well. tsn4t that a bit strange?
On the day ot the exam, the Dutch
Radio Control Service has a very busy job.
The reason for this is that some amateurs
take their radio receivers with them into
the exam building so they can receive the
answers to all the questions. You cant
believe it, but II is the truth. I'll tell you how
this works out.
A person enters the exam room, takes
his exam as quickly as possible, then
goes away and walks to a parked car or a
hotel room. In this car or hotel room, his
friends are waiting for him and they sort
Out In no time the correct answers to the
questions. They do this with the help of
some smart guys and a couple of books
Now they transmit all the answers by
radio Into the exam room, where their
friends are waiting wllh their receivers. Al-
though the check-In at the exam room is
very sharp, some manage to bring their re-
ceivers along.
You can imagine that Ihe Dutch Radio
Control Service does a lot of radio direc-
tion-finding at the exam When I heard this
story fof the first time, t thought it was a
joke! However, last year r heard it with my
own ears on the FM band of my car radio,
NEW ZEALAND
D. J. fDesJ Chapman ZL2VR
459 K&nnedy Road
Napier
New Zealand
ZL PREFIX CHANGES
NZART made proposals to the regulato-
ry body, the New Zealand Post Office, that
separate prefixes should be allocated to
the Chatham Islands, Ihe Kermadecs. and
Ihe Auckiand'Campbeli islands instead of
Ihe present C etc . method of identifica-
tion.
The proposals were adopted, and from
January I, 1984, the ZL9-9 series will be
used as follows: ZLC— tor visitors to New
Zealand {no change); ZL1-4— for main-
land New Zealand, Le<, North Island,
South Island, and Stewart Island (no
change); ZL5 — Antarctica (no change):
ZL6 — New Zealand intruder Watch (no
change): ZL7— Chatham islands. ZLfl—
Kermadecs; ZL9— Auckland/Campbell Is-
lands.
The ZK series will be as follows: ZK1 —
Cook Islands (no change); ZK2— N>ue (no
change), ZK3— Tokelau Islands (previous
ly ZM7); ZK*, ZK4-9— reserved.
The ZMf-9 series will continue to be
held In reserve and used on special occa-
sions at the discretion of the Post Office.
So, prefix hunters and all other interested
amateurs, as of January 1. 1984, there will
be a few more prefixes available by work-
ing the New Zealand off-shore islands un-
der their new callsigns.
THE AREC STORY CONTINUED
AREC in ZL today consists of about lb
Sections and between 800 and 900 active
members. Because there are more AREC
Sections in Auckland and Wellington
regions than there are cafisigns in the
ZL1E and ZL2E series, the New Zealand
Post Office has approved the use of ZL6E
calls In the Auckland region and ZL7E
calls in Ihe Wellington region So when
you hear such calls as ZL6E8A and
ZL7ECA, they are not a pirate station or
some rare DX, but Amateur Radio Emer-
gency Corps stations in the Auckland and
Wellington regional areas operating emer-
gency communications networks- Who
knows what the next 50 years will bring? A
massive increase In (he South Island pop-
ulation could mean ZL8E and ZL9E call-
signs for AREC,
Two features of AREC In ZL are unique.
Both stem from the Post Office recogni-
tion of the Radio Emergency Corps from
lis inception.
The first unique feature is the distinc-
tive callsign series allocated for AREC
stations in which the first letter of each
callsign following the prefix is always an
"E" The special E " callsigns identify
stations engaged in emergency commum
cations and warn other amateurs not to in-
terfere with what may be urgent or vital
traffic No other country has the advan-
tage of such a system,
The other feature Is the allocation of
spot frequencies within or on the edge of
the amateur bands specifically lor AREC
use. These are 3500 kHz, 3900 kHz, 7100
kHz. and Ihe exclusive band of 1900-1925
kHz, Other frequencies may also be used
for AREC communications when and as
tequired-
m the early days of AREC. all equip-
ment was home-bill It and performance
varied considerably depending upon the
skill of the constructor and the skill of the
operator. Initially, all operation was on
CW All operators were amateurs who.
when involved in field searches, had to be
fit enough to travel with the search parties
and carry the extra weight of their radio
equipment, loo!
The postwar years saw the adaption of
war-surplus equipment for AREC use.
Subsequently, special radio equipment
was developed and produced for AREC
use, Initially AM and CW, and In the last
few years, SSB, the present AREC sets for
field work being TR 105s, while most base
stations and field-search HO stations are
modern-day transceivers suitable for op-
eration from emergency power supplies.
The advent of modern amateur equip-
ment has revolutionized AREC opera-
tions, opera tors now being able to use
complex equipment that was not dreamed
of in years gone by. Just as HF equipment
had become plentiful for amateurs, the
migration of VHF amateurs to the 2 meter
FM band and the establishment of repeat-
ers has revolutionized mobile and porta
tale operation.
The facilities for purely local com-
munications are excellent, and because
most VHF equipment is easily portable,
its suitability for emergency and Ctvil De-
fense applications Is obvious With VHF
links between the search teams and field-
search HO, now the amateurs do not have
to carry heavy equipment, but just a light
handheld wiih an additional battery sup-
ply ; and they are good for several hours of
search and rescue work.
Two organizations have been estab-
lished and developed along with AREC
since 1948. The first of these, the Search
and Rescue Organization, is sponsored
primarily by the Civil Aviation Division of
the Ministry of Transport and the Police
Department. Any search for missing per-
sons or (or missing aircraft comes under
the control of one or the other of these
government departments, and AREC has
the continuing role in the provision of
communications to and from the f*e*d and
frequently in the field as well AREC is fi-
nanced by an annual grant from the
Search and Rescue Organization.
AREC also has a role In the Civil
Defense Communications Network, pro-
viding the communication between Civil
Defense Headquarters and the Sector
Posts in most Civil Defense areas.
The present Officer Commanding of the
ZL AREC. Ron Morgan ZL2GQ/ZL2EX, Is
quoted here to conclude this resume of
the emergency amateur service as it
exists in New Zealand:
"As the latest in the line of OCs of
AREC, I am aware of the work, the plan-
ning, and the efforts lhat have been put in-
to the development of the AREC of today
by my predecessors and conscious of the
need to continue to make every effort to
preserve the good repute In which the
Corps is held. To me, amateur radio is the
greatest hobby In the world. ABED is the
aspect of amateur radio that can be of ser-
vice to the community, and In return for
the privilege of enjoying the hobby! I
believe that I, and every other ZL radio am-
ateur, too. owes support to the Corps "
AWARDS
Remember the Hastings Centennial
Award, 0001 hours GMT, February 1, 1964,
until 2400 hours GMT, February 29, 1984.
All bands, all modes; see last month's col-
umn for details of contacts required.
errs w pieces
Recently, another World Communica-
tions Year activity took place at the
Hawkes Bay Royal Show (County Fair)
when the Napier and Hastings Branches
of NZART combined to display amateur
radio to the public. During the three days
of the Royal Show, the combined
Branches were allocated the special
callsign of ZL9WCY and operated ama-
teur stations from the display stand at the
show. Also, they had static displays of
AREC equipment, oid and present day,
some vintage radio equipment, and
present-day transceivers.
There were three working amateur sta-
tions, one on £0/l5/"l0 meters^ one on 40
meters, and the other on 2 meters for local
communications- Propagation was not
good for the HF bands, but some exce^
lent QSOs were made with US amateurs
and others thai helped lo demonstrate
amateur radio to ihe public.
There was a third section to the display
where the public could touch special dis-
play items such as a vintage receiver
tuned to the local broadcast station* with
the output fed into a scope showing the
patterns of the carrier and the sound/
speech. These "touch" display Items
proved very popular with young and old
alike.
In an earlier column, when I described
the national organization of amateur radio
In 2I_ it has been poinied out to me thai t
failed to Indicate clearly {he method by
which our president Is chosen.
NZART is probably one of the few na-
tional radio organizations where the mem-
bers elect the president every two years.
For the biennial elections, nominations
are called for all offices, including thai of
the president, so here In ZL the members
of NZART elect their president, unlike
other national organizations which ap-
point from one of the elected council or
executive,
February is the month when all NZART
Branches are making feverish prepara-
tions for the National Field Day Contest.
This year, so I'm told, there will be a
spec fa J YL team operating one of the non-
act We Branches somewhere in the North
Island,
Good luck to the yl team; the extra mul-
tiplier and contact points will be appre-
ciated by all National field Day partici
pant teams.
More 50-year certificates to members of
the ZL Old-Timers Club have been issued
Congratulations to the following: M. O.
Mason ZL1NW, Tauranga; S. C Bavey
slock ZL1NX, Tauranga; Watty Briden
ZL1PN. Auckland; George Anderson
ZL2JG, Walkanae: Jack Moore ZL2JM.
Fielding.
Oates to remember June 1-4, 1984^
the NZART Rose City Conference at
Palmerston North. If you are planning a
trip to ZL about that time, you will be most
welcome at our annual convention. En
quiries to the Rose City Conference, PO
Box 1716, Palmerston North, New Zea-
land, or to me at my home QTH.
NORWAY
Biom-MugQ Ark LA5YJ
N-3120 Andebu
Norway
Since my last cotumn there have been
some Interesting activities In Norway, Of
special interest was the yearly national
convention of NflRL held In Bodo. In
northern Norway. This year's elections
seemed both to underline the differences
between the HQ members and the ordi
nary member and to smooth them out. I
guess that's what democracy ts all about,
is it not?
73 Magazine ■ February, 1984 121
Mr. Odd Andersen from the Norwegian
Telecommunication Dlrektorat in Oslo
gave a speech on the new license regula-
tions expected to be issued. Word about a
promised A license of 600 Watts output
was very popular Information for the near-
ly 100 members gathered— representing
about a third of (he total voting member-
ship.
At a OX session earlier I ha I morning, A If
Al medal LASOK announced I hat they are
al work getting Peter I Island recognized
as a new DXCC country (which by now
may already have been confirmed). He
also said (hat a Norwegian Antarctic ex-
pedition will take place In late 1964, and
that they were working to see thai some of
the members of that expedition will be
ham operators. Hangnar Scholberg
LA7FO and Ma (hi as Bjerrang LA5NM
well-known operators Irom JX- and JW-
land, held an interesting session about
operation from the Arctic
The contention was an absolute sue-
cess, and ihe two local sections of NBRL
the Bodo and Fauske groups, could not
have been praised mote for their excel tent
planning and the smootrwimning ses-
sions
OX CONVENTION
At the annual OX convention *n Oslo,
most of the eastern Norway members of
the LADX group were gathered to elect a
new president and members of the board
An unfortunate accident to Slig Undblpm
LA? JO a week before kepi members from
central Norway away from the convention
and kept the mood of trie meeting rather
low. Happily, LA7JO survived the fall from
his 16- meter (48-fooi) tower. He fell head
first* and 41 is a mystery how he was able
to survive without any greater harm than
broken and crushed arms, although his
condition was very serious for the first
couple of days
Sveln Ovenstad LA3XI was elected as
the new president of the LADX group. Hll
predecessor was the late LA1KI, and the
presidential chair had been empty for
nearly a year since no one really wanted to
touch the memory of our highly respected
and beloved friend LA1KI> Norway's well-
known top DXer tor many years. The men>
bers of the hoard ran I he LADX group In
the meantime and did a good job,
Kare LA2GV was presented the trophy
for being the top-score Norwegian opera-
tor In the SAC contest, 1982, In the single-
opera torVa 1 1 band class. LA2GV had won
the same trophy before, and I had the
great pleasure of receiving tha trophy on
his behalf.
The LADX group IS now looking into
how to get SM0AGD to come over and talk
Otftf Andersen speaks at the NBRL convention.
about his DXpeditions to our members, <t
also is involved with a couple of rather in-
teresting projects which the board seems
to be keeping secret '
MALPELO DXPEOlTfON
Hurray, Colombia! You did it* HK&TU
(Malpelo) weni on the air, The Whole world
was waiting, and you gave it to us. And
congratulations for an excellent opera-
tion, which must have been very thorough-
ly prepared, wrth a touch of the good old
days in it: not a foul word, no irritation
over the oftervtoo-eager operators trying
to work them. This operation was some-
thing all the members of that crew could
be proud of.
We here In Europe too well remember a
certain PYU operation not too long ago
which will go into legend as one of the
poorest SSB operations from a rare place
In years. But a German group put that all
right again. That group actually always
does a good job. so anything else from
that side would have been a shock. The
Colombians did their effort to straighten
this out In a tremendous manner. Thanks
again, guys; good work.
DXers, well, It's time to look for Europe
on the lower bands again.
40 has as always been very good, but
whan you are reading this, 30 and 160 will
be at their peak to many areas. Remem
Per, keep clear of the DX windows. You
never know, day or nightT when the bands
will open. Most of the day and night there
will be openings From Scandinavia both
cm 40 and 80 meters, toward North Amer-
ica end Japan. Listen in it you're inter-
ested In some good DX QSOs.
New countries we aft are waiting for in-
clude Kermadec. Clipoerton, China,
Bouvet, Peter I Island, and San Felix
When will they come? Kermadec is duet
China has been worked by many, but the
rest? We'll watt and see, won't we? The
thrill of a new one is always there, and the
pleasure after working it . as well. Hours of
strained listening, Intensive calling, and
then the feeling of your heart doing a cou-
ple of extra beats when your call is re-
turned. And then the nervous tremble in
your voice when confirming and giving
your report, that's what Its all about!
Thanks to the guys giving us that pleasure
Of working them.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Seigi Freymadt P29NSF
PO Box 165
ftabaut
Papua New Quiftaa
This wltt be my last conirlbution from
Papua New Guinea. In fact, as I write this,
the station has already been dismantled
and the antennas have been taken down.
Ail the ham gear Is packed and en route to
VK. P29NSF went CRT on October 3. 1963.
and wltl reemerge as VK4VSF Irom
Brisbane,
We have spent 22 years in Papua New
Guinea and been witness to great
changes In the country, We ha we seen the
peaceful transgression from Australian
administration to self-government to In-
dependence in 1975. We have seen a peo-
pie emerge from the Stone Age into the
20th century. I have been a P2 amateur for
3Vi years and enjoyed it immensely. An
excellent location, good equipment, and a
husband ready to indulge every whim con-
nected with amateur red to made it a plea-
sure to operate. It haa been fun being a DX
station; being al the receiving end of
pfteups gives you a good feeling end It is
very good experience. However, at times I
have had to 90 QRT because some oper-
ators have no discipline or manners.
On September 20, 1W3. at 0153 GMT, I
worked VK4MAL aeronautical mobile, op-
erator Barry, on 15m en route to Blak in
West Irian, thence Manila and Hong Kong
There is quite a story attached to this one.
The aircraft, a 41 -year-old DG3, saw ser-
vice with the US Army during World War II
and was bought by a retired pilot who flew
it to Hong Kong for Caihay Pacific. It
became that airline's first aircraft and
flew the Hong Kong-to-Sydney run carry-
ing passengers and mail.
In 1963. the old girt was sold to Man-
dated Territory Airline (MAL hence the
callsign} and fiew In Papua New Guinea
for 10 years. When Ansett Airlines of
Papua New Guinea bought out MAL the
DCS went to bush pilots of Queensland
The DC3 played a major role for bush
pilots for another 10 years.
Now Cathay Pacific has bought the old
bird back to display her In their museum in
Hong Kong. A fitting retirement! The air-
craft made a nostalgic flight into Port
Moresby on September 19 under Its origi-
nal Cathay registration, Vfi-HDB, on one
side and the Mandated Territory registra-
tion, VH-MAL on the other side. The air-
craft Is painted in original Cathay Pacific
colors.
After refueling in Port Moresby, the DCS
flew to Wewak and made an overnight
stop there. I worked the station VMMAL
aeronautical mobile en route Wswak to
Biak and consider myself privileged to
have had the contact.
The aircraft was due in Hong Kong in
time for the 37th anniversary of Cathay
Pacific on September 23. Every fTer*
ritorian" has a soft spot for DC3 aircraft,
as they gave wondertul service to the trav-
eling public In this country in the past.
Many a time have we flown "side-saddle"
In a DC3! Nowadays Boeing 707s and
F28s are used by Air Niuglne. but several
The author has the pleasure of presenting a trophy to Kare LA2G V. He was the top-score
Norwegian operator in the SAC contest m 1982.
122 73 Magazine * February, 1984
Jorgen LASUF and Strain LA3XI were represented among the fop ten DXers m Norway.
0C3s are still with the Papua New Guinea
Defence Force.
What news from the P2 amateur scene?
A new arrival is Bob P29PHT ex-VSSfiP and
■G3REP. Bob has just Joined the Post and
Telecom muni cat ion Corporator* In Port
Moresby. He has a Kenwood TS-1S0 and Is
active mainly on CW on ail bands. Bob
hopes to put P2 back on the CvV map! His
favorite hand Is 1.8 MHz, but he has found
the noise level extremely high. Bob
reports reasonable success on 60m, but
as yet has not managed to gel into W-tarvd
on that band
No doubt the ranks of amateurs will be
swelled in Papua New Guinea as Ihe OK
Tedi Mine becomes fully operational in
the Western Province. Already on the air
from Taboo i I are John P29NJ5 and Stan
P2950.
The Papuan Motor Sports Club In Port
Moresby held its annual Independence
Weekend Gar Rally starting at 6 pm on
September 14 and ending at 9 am on Sep-
tember 18. Throughout the event, commu-
nications were maintained by members of
the Papua New Guinea Amateur Radio
Society. The communications aspect was
an unqualified success with stations
working through the Moresby repeater
and simplex, and as the rally moved fur-
ther away from Port Moresby, on 40m dur-
ing the day and on 60m at night.
Twenty-seven teams participated in the
rally, amongst them six entries from Aus
trails Operating from O car was Peter
P29NUK/ZUK, maintaining contact, the di-
rector of events. Wayne P29ZWVV. upheld
communications from another vehicle;
the vehicle setting up control was manned
by Bob P29SS. FinalJy, and bringing up
the rear in the Sweep vehicle, a Sturdy
4 WD lo ensure that all cars had managed
to get through safely, was Paul P29NPL
Manned relay stations were In operation,
aa weJI as field stations, and Rick P29ZFS
was working as a manned 2m repeater.
The complete success of the indepen-
dence Weekend Car Rally has convinced
organizers to hold similar events through-
out the year and Peter P23NUK intends to
participate as navigator in the next one.
Good work by the PNGARS!
Tha weekend of October 15-16 saw ac-
tivity for the Jamboree of the Air and the
Governor General of Papua New Guinea
opened the event on P29JOA- Widespread
mierest was created, not only amongst
guides and scouts, but also among police
cadets with a view to forming a police
radio club.
So much from me and from Papua New
Guinea and my best wishes to everyone.
POLAND
Jerry ScymczaS
78-200 Biatogatd
Buctka 2/3
Poland
RADIO LOCATION CONTEST
Amateur radio-location contests in
Poland are becoming more and more
popular. The Radio- Location Contest is
organized in two bands. 3j5 MHz and 144
MHz. Competitions m each band are sepa-
rate Every entrant for the competition can
compete in both bands or in only one of
them. All participants of the contest are
divided into the following categories;
(a) women Irrespective of age;
(b) teenagers (boys and girls under 15 on
January 1st of the year of the contest);
CT4UE In hh Shack.
fc) juniors under 19;
(d) men more than 18;
(e) seniors over 40.
Women, juniors, and men are appraised
as a collective and as a team. The teams
taking part in the top competition— the
championship of Poland— represent prov-
inces, The number of partakers from any
province is to be limited to three in all
categories, Individual contestants can
take part in other competitions.
Every participant in the contest brings a
radio receiver with antennas of one's own*
a magnetic compass or the other one, a
wristwatch, and a medical certificate of
one's health. The use of a radio receiver
with noises detectable at a distance oMQ
meters is forbidden.
The organizer of the contest provides
every participant with a map of the con-
test terrain. The terrain of the contest is to
be predominantly arboreous and dif-
ferences in its levels cannot be greater
than 200 meters.
Five radio transmitters are to be placed
at distances not less than 750 meters
from each other. The overail length from
the start through transmitter number 5 is
to be 4-6 kilometers measured on the
map. The transmitters are to be hidden so
ae not to be seen at a distance of 3 to 5
meters. The transmitters must not be
placed in buildings or impenetrable
places.
In each band, work the 5 transmitters
successively: first minute— transmitter
number 1, second minute— transmitter
number 2..., fifth minute— transmitter
number 5. sixth minute — transmitter num-
ber 1, and soon.
The emission A1 (telegraphy without
modulation) is used in the ISM Hz band
and A2 (telegraphy with modulation} is
used in the 144MH2 band. Recommended
keying rate is 30-45 marks /minute. AIM he
transmitters are to operate best at the
same frequency: 3500-3600 kHz in the
&5-MHz band, and 1 44.500- 144.845 kHz In
the 144*MHz band. The power output of
transmitters is to be 3-5 W and the stabili-
ty Of frequency not worse Than 0.05%
After a start signal one minute before
the keying of the first transmitter com-
pel i tors in five-man groups nun along al-
leyways 50-250 meters in length When
they are at the ends, their radio receivers
are switched on and they begin to look for
tha trans mi iters. The sequence of detec-
tion la optional; however, transmitter
number 5 must be found obligatorily and
as the last. Transmitter number 5 ends Its
keying when all the competitors reach
their goal. The time of the race and the
number of detected transmitters deter*
mine one's place In the contest.
PORTUGAL
Lull Miguel de Sousa CT4UB
PO Box 32
S. Joao do Esiorii
2765 Portugal
It Is with great pleasure and personal sal
«sf action that i write this first column for 73.
I will emphasize some aspects of the oldest
association of radio amateurs we have in
Portugal, known as REP— Rede dos Emis-
sores Portugueses.
REP was first founded in December of
1926 by Mr. D. Eugenic de Avilez. formerly
CT1AE, and other enthusiasts. It now has
approximately 1900 members, more than
50% of the Portuguese harns. In 1980, it
was recognized as a public utility by the
government
According to REPa constitution, we
have elections every two years to eiect our
Board of Directors, and an Annual General
Meeting is held to present and approve re-
ports of the past year, including the ac-
counts
Being a member of I ABU, REP offers a lot
of services to Its members. These are a few
of them: reception and srupmenl of QSt-
cards from and to other bureaus, handling
the paperwork required for examinations
and new licenses, renewal of fixed, mobile,
or portable licenses, supply of technical
books, and publication of the REP maga-
zine or an informative sheet every three
months. In either of these two publications,
members have the latest news about DX,
electronics, awards, telecommunications
via satellte, and other Important mailers
Every yearT we celebrate our anniversary
and have a regional contest on VHP and HF
with all the Portugese regions (CT1/4. CT2,
CT3>.
On Mondays at 2230 local time, a radio
bulletin is trans mrtted by CT1 REP through
the repeaters and also on 80-meter phone,
(n addition to this, REP gives assistance to
all foreign hams who wish to operate from
thla country. For those Interested, we only
need a letter requesting this service.
Owing to the existence of reciprocal
agreements with some countries, It is very
easy to operate from Portugal. At this time,
we have reciprocity with the following
countries: West Germany. Austria, Bel-
gium, Denmark Hoi 3 and, Switzerland, Swe-
den, United States of America. England,
Canada, Morocco, Brazil, Venezuela, South
Africa, and Bolivia, More details about this
will be given In the future.
The station that we have In REP is com-
posed of a Yaesu transceiver {FT-902 DM),
an FC-902 antenna coupler, an SP-90T ex-
ternal speaker, and an FV-901 DM, all this
offered by Yaesu Musen in Japan We also
work on VHF using a Kenwood transceiver,
On the air, mostly around the DX frequen-
cies, we micnt hear Portuguese hams using
several modes of transmission— SSB, CW,
SSTV, and RTTY. Some of them {very few)
are also active through the satellites for
ham use. It may be of Interest to you to
know i hat we have 15 repeaters on VHF and
2 on UHF.
We Ua^e our weekly meeting on Monday
at 2100 local time. If you are in Lisbon, you
are kindly invited to visit REP's headquar-
ters, right in the heart of Lisbon Last No-
vember, our good friend Frank Rose WITIV
came to see us and signed the Honour's
Book.
Our address Is Rua D. Pedra v\ 7-4*.
phone 361186, Just In case you forget the
address, you may contact me at phone
number 2688318 during the evenings.
TAIWAN
Tim Often BV2A/BV2B
PO Box ffi-547
Taipet. Taiwan W7
Republic of China
To direct the attention of our people to
the contribution Of communications lo-
ward world peace and social develop-
ments, the Directorate General of Posts,
Republic of China, has released a set of two
stamps for commemorating the World Com-
munications Year. Also, Chinese Posls and
Telecommunications Department has final-
ly granted permission to a group of Italian
hams allowing them to operate in Taiwan
The DXpedifion group, consisting of
three members (instead of four as previous-
ry reported) of the ARl DX Blue Team
{BMOPffiV. I2BVS/BV. and l2NYNrBV) ar-
rived In Taipei on September IB via KLM Air-
lines. They were settled in a new hotel.
"Long Life," close to BV2A/BV2B.
On September 19, Mr, Hu, secretary of
the China Radio Association, lent hands to
take delivery of two transceivers 007*0, IG-
2KL) and accessories from the customs at
theCKS International Airport 45 kilometers
from Taipei City. A deposit equivalent to US
Si 50 approximately instead of customs du-
ty payment was placed for warranty of ship-
ping all imported articles out of the country
(ROC) within six months. As a matter of
fact> all rigs after operation were duly re-
shipped out and the deposit money was re-
funded without any problem.
The imported equipment with a
2 -element yagi and a vertical tri bander were
set up at a QTH near a public park on the
roof on a 12-story building which Is spa-
cious for antenna Installations and good
for both receiving and transmitting purpos-
es. The DXpeditian station was dismantled
on September 24. a hail day earlier than the
set schedule because of a strong develop-
ing and approaching typhoon.
This Initial expedition activity was highly
evaluated by us. Local authorities are glad
to set that through amateur radio, we have
73 Magazine * February, 1984 123
don© a lot in promoting international good'
will and friendship between people of the
world. Making eyeball QSGs further en-
hances better unders tending.
Some local important newspapers— The
United Daily, The China Wews Agency, and
The English Chins rVews— had good com-
ments on the worldwide friendly move-
ments of amateur radio. This has brought
to the attention of the public the progres-
sive quality end unique relations existing In
this field
All visitors were entertained by the China
Radio Association at the Army Officers
Club. They were introduced to many impor-
tant officials el the party Before their de-
parture for home in Milan, a sight -seeing
lour was arranged for them to visit the Na-
tional Palace Museum, where they found
great pleasure and reiaxatton.
I am pleased to have contacted
I2MQF.BV i26VSfBV. and tSNYN/BV to Of*
fer them a new country credit: it also made
my day to have the two-way convnuruca-
tions domeeiically
t hear a group of JAs are planning to
make a PXpedmon to SV-fand In January.
1964- 1 shall report in due course
SWEDEN
Rune Wanda SM0COP
Frajavagan JO
S-f 55 00 Nykvam
Sweden
FOX HUNTING
Eskllstuna Sandare Amatorer, Club
SK5LW. hosted the 1963 Swedish Cham-
pionships in Amateur Radio Direction
Finding (A RDF), pop ularly called fox hunt-
ing.
The championship J a a combination of
one daytime and one nighttime hunt. Win-
ner In this combination was Christer
Eriksson followed by Gunnar Svensson. a
well-known name in these circles here.
Neither of them Is a ham; this is a sport for
anybody. Lett SM5EZM was third but win-
ner of the day event. The total number of
participants was 50, of which there were
two YLs, Kurl SM50W, at 85 years of age
an old-timer In ARDF> placed 39th end Is
still going strong.
The "foxes" were five very low-powered
transmitters on 80-meter CW hidden in Ihe
woods The hunters were equipped with
maps, compasses, and small ARDF re-
ceivers- At night, a flashlight was needed.
Some hunters said lhat they preferred
rainy weather because then they didn't
hesitate when they crossed a swamp
since they were already well
DX MEETING IN OREBRO
Club SMBX, Orebro Sandaramatorer,
arranged the popular annual gathering of
Swedish DXers SK4BX is a vary active
club some 150 km west of Stockholm The
club members always participate in major
contests and the GSL cards on the wails
show that SK4BK is successful in the DX
pileups. The club runs one repeater on
VHF 145860 MHi, and one on UHF
437.650 MHi. as well as a UHF beacon on
432.960 MHz.
In early 1982, the club moved into a fine
building (restored by the members! locat-
ed just outside the city of Orebro. This
QTH has great antenna possibilities and
the tack of immediate neighbors minimis-
es the risk of TVlrfflFl complaints. The an-
The Am DX Blue Team in Taiwan. Left to fight: !2BVSmV, &NYN/BV, BV2ABV2B. and
tenna tower is 40 meters high (130 ft ) with
a TH5DX beam just under the 20-eie-
ment Cue Dee yagi for 2 meters. Other
antennas are for 130, 30. and 40 meters,
and in the planning stage is an EME array
for 70 cent i meters.
Over 50 DXers got to meet in Orebro,
some coming from as far away as the
most southern part of SM7, an eight -hour
drive by automobile The top attraction
was the talk and slide show by Erik
SMiAGD. member of the DX Hat I ol Fame,
During the last ten years, Erik has made
quite a few very successful operations
from the most rare spots throughout the
DXworld.
Being a top-grade CW operator, he has
made CW buffs as well as SSBers happy.
During the fast eight months of 1982, Erik
loured the rare South Pacific islands and
worked 47,260 contacts.
He tried to limit the number of slides to
less than 300. but his Interesting and witty
comments during the two-hour talk made
everybody wish he had brought more. The
last slides showed his GSL manager
Joergen SM3CXS, plodding his way to the
mailbox through five feet of Nordic De-
cember enow to pick up the dally pounds
of GSL cards. Joergen has now bought a
enowblower to speed up future OS Ling.
The club's own expedition Fast summer
to OJ$ Market Reef was shown by a pro-
fessionally made film with authentic re-
corded sound. Goran 5M4DHF, Kenneth
SM4EMO, and Goran SM4HQO had to haft
their operation after two days because of
additional paperwork requested by the
Finnish licensing authorities which lucki*
fy was resolved. During that silent period ,
they moved their rig and antenna a few
feet east on the tiny reef and worked
portable SMS! Market Reef is divided by
the Finnish-Swedish national border,
SK4BX nad furthermore managed to get
a video recording from the Heard Island
DXpedition slide show narrated by Jim
VK9JKS himsetf.
SWEDISH HAMS DENIED
SPECIAL WC Y CALL
The United Nations declared 19B3 as
World Oommuni cat ions Year In most
countries, both the telecommunications
authority and the radio amateurs have ac-
knowledged the WCY by various special
activities. One way of giving WCY public*
ty m many countries has been the Issuing
of special WCY call signs. In Sweden, the
league, SSA, applied lor this kind of a call
tsuffiK) to be used by club stations in each
call area- However, the Swedish licensing
authority, TeleverfceL has rejected this ap-
plication,
MOTIONS TO IABU REGION 1
CONFERENCE
Trie International Amateur Radio Union
(TARLf) Region 1 Division was formed In
1&50 to promote the special interests ol
the member social res in the international
Telecommunication Union Region 1 (Eu-
rope, Africa, and parts of Asia) and to rep-
resent their interests at rTU conferences
The Swedish amateur radio league,
SSA fSverigee Sandare Amatorerj. has
sent three motions to the IARU Region 1
Conference 1984. The first motion is
about the Worldwide Grid Locator Sys-
lem. In Europe, One system has been used
for years, primarily in VHFflJHF traffic. It
is eMtremely popular amongst VHFnJHF
enthusiasts lo collect locator squares in a
manner similar to hunting for DXCC coun-
tries, The new worldwide locator system
was accepted by Region 2 at the Cali Con-
ference In Colombia In 1983, lo be used in
conies Is and for awards. Region 3 has
also accepted this. The motion from SSA
suggests an acceptance by Region 1 and
Implementation on January 1, 1985. Basi-
cally, the world surface Is divided Into
fields by 18 lines longitude and 16 lines
latitude. These fields are divided Into
squares lhal are 2 degrees longitude and
1 degree latitude, which will give very
good accuracy In determining QTH posi-
tion
The second motion concerns the timing
system for EME traffic which la different
on 144 MHz than on 432 and 1296 MHz.
The SSA wants the IARU to recommend
uniformity as well as a timing system with
oneminute sequences.
The third motion: Because of the colli-
sion between the eat at lite traffic and the
Region t VHF band plan for repeater
channels Rfl and R9 on 145,800 and
145,825 MHz respectively, Ihe SSA sug-
gests one sot ut ion: channel R9 should be
moved to 145.575 MHz (out put). The bea
cons that might be interfered with on
144.975 MHz (input | should be moved. IF
and when the satellite organizations
move away from 145J125 MHz, TO repeat-
ers coutd move back to their original fre-
quency.
Furthermore, the SSA suggests that
each IARU member society issue an ama-
teur-radio traffic handbook in their own
language, m addition to articles about
rules and regulations, to be published in
the member magazines The tacit of obedi-
ence Concerning international telecom*
municatlon rules and regulations might
partly be due to lack of knowledge and un-
derstanding
SSA MEMBERSHIP FEE
The 1984 membership fee Is 195 Swe-
dish kroner (approximately 25 US dollars).
The league issues the membership maga-
zine, QTC, eleven times a year, runs the
QSL bureau, and serves Swedish radio
amateurs in various important ways. The
worK for the club is done voluntarily. The
only salaried employees are clerks at the
headquarters in Stockholm.
WEST GERMANY
Rati Beyer DJ3NW
Opferkamp 14
330Q Braunschweig
Federal ftepuMc of Germany
INTER RADIO S3
On the world's largest fairgrounds, the
Interradlo '03 opened Its gates from Octo-
ber 28-30, 1985, in Hannover. Germany
Because of the size of the exhibition
area and the various activities taking
place at the same time, I first found my-
self at a poultry show. Bui finally I arrived
at hall 19, the place to meet radio ama-
teurs, computer freaks, electronics hobby
enthusiasts, and a fair number of equip-
ment and component manufacturers
The approximately 50 booths were oc-
cupied by a dozen equipment manufactur-
ers, half a dozen computer firms, a similar
number of component manufacturersrdiS'
tnbutors. and some firms offering soft-
ware support 4 books, and miscellaneous
material needed to organize the ham
shack. More than a dozen institutions
were represented, Including the nation-
al radio-amateur organization DARC,
AMSAT-DL, DIG. and others.
About 8500 people i including Ihe presi-
dents of national radio-amateur societies
from England, Luxembourg, Sweden!
Spain, and The Netherlands, visited the
convention and many of them took the op-
portunity to Join the presentations provid-
ed In two meeting rooms. Papers present-
ed Included AMTOR, EMEf and OSCAR 10.
An indoor +" Bier-Garten" provided pfenty
of room for get-togethers with old and new
friends and for the usual small talk.
The meeting of the DXers saw about 100
participants and Baldur Orobnica DJ6SI
showed a film about his earlier Gl arioso
and Juan da Nova DXpedition, Baldur an
swered questions on the ill-fated tour to
Spratly, of course, but fortunately he was
not forced to dwell on the details over and
over again.
About 250 young students were shown
around and many of them joined classes
held on fundamentals of electronics and
hands-on exercises for the construction
of small electronics projects More than
100 kits for easy -to-bui lei electronic cir-
cuits and GO kits for experiments with a
microprocessor were sold at the show.
I enjoyed the meeting very much be-
cause of the variety of stimulating impres-
sions, but I could not find anything on the
international level which realty turned me
on. However, at least one interesting idea
in this respect was the discussion of bet-
ter support for future European DXpedi-
tions. Existing plans to form national DX
foundations seem to be channeled more
and more towards a European DX founda-
tion. A more sound financial support of
expeditions and a better service of Euro-
pean needs in this field could be desirable
outcomes of this move.
124 73 Magazine * February. 1984
RAMSEY
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UT-5KH S5 95
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Complete Kit WL-i
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A complete tone deco*
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Complete kit TD-1 15 95
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Complete kit 5M-3 $2-95
60 H* Tim* Bin
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Clock k*t I?- 24 hour DOS $24.95
Clock with 10 mm ID timer 12/24 hour, DC-10 $29.95
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u'!> liiftatf* audio to
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LINEAR
301
3?4
3flD
555
';-
56&
741
14&S
...
391a
*a
I 3S
ti 50
ii so
I 45
ti 00
II PD
11 00
f I ?5
10 1? 00
I 50
I 50
S2f5
12 95
4013
40*6
4059
*5l B
5639
CMOS
fllff
50
50
Si. 85
60
S9.00
S2 00
SI 35
$1 75
TTL
7447
7475
7490
74196
$ 40
$ 65
$ 50
* 50
i135
SPECIAL
Rtfiilor Ass'i
A5?QrTmeni of Popular values - ''j
watt CirMBfld for PC mounting
cenler 'V* leads, bag ol 300 or
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S1.50
Switch**
Mini toggle SPOT (1.00
Red Pushbuttons N O 3/31.00
READOUTS
r«OH * CC 11 ■
r«»TS«i sea >»
uan r? MP^ij dx a if*
tam&i «rca 2 pa
TRANSISTORS
x-f
mav^vuM
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PH" WOt Trt» T'H
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ID
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11C90
10116
720a
7207A
72 ISO
710TC
5114
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$1500
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FERRITE BEADS
a * i*. -*>i<i a*nj
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40 Pin 3 12 00
Oiodn
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1NT914 Type SO/lt 00
IKVMmp 1 11 00
100V lAmp IS 11 00
Earphones
)ead$ 8 ohm good ror small lone
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5 for $1.00
Mini h orim Speaker
Approi ?'• diann Round
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3 lO* 12 00
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3 579545 MHZ 11,50
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AC Adapttr*
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Audio
Pretcaltr
Make high resolution audio
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PS 2 kit $29.95
PS-2 wired 139. 9S
600 MHz
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Extend Ihe range of your
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Complete triple regulaite^l power
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crystal mr*e cartridge S 75
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Chassis mount
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73 Magazine • Febaiary, 1ffi4 125
THE MOST AFFORDABLE
REPEATER
ALSO HAS THE MOST IMPRESSIVE
PERFORMANCE FEATURES
(AND GIVES THEM TO YOU AS STANDARD EQUIPMENT!)
JUST LOOK AT THESE PRICES!
Band
Kit
10M,6M,2M,220
440
$680
$780
Wired/Tested
$880
$980
Both kit end wired units are complete with aft parts, modules, hardware, and crystals.
CALL OR WRITE FOR COMPLETE DETAILS.
Also available for remote site linking, crossband, and remote base.
-
nmfrflriFtt '
!:■! , -
•*# m
o
REproo nrpfArrft
---
FEATURES:
• SENSITIVITY SECOND TO NONE; TYPICALLY
0,15 uV ON VHF, 0.3 uV ON UHF.
• SELECTEVITY THAT CAN'T BE BEAT! BOTH
8 POLE CRYSTAL FILTER & CERAMIC FILTER FOR
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• OTHER GREAT RECEIVER FEATURES: FLUTTER-
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(UP TO SOW WITH OPTIONAL PA).
HIGH QUALITY MODULES FOR
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HIGH-PERFORMANCE
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amlronics
126 73 Magazine ■ February, 1984
R144 Shown
R144/R22OFMRCVRSf0r2Mor220MHz.
0.1 5uV sens.; 8 pole xtal filter & ceramic filter
in t-f, helical resonator front end for exceptional
selectivity, more than —100 dB at ±12 kHz,
best available today. Flutter-proof squelch.
AFC tracks drifting xmtrs. Xtal oven avail.
Kit oniy$13&
R451 FM RCVR Same butfor uht Tuned line
front end, 0-3 uV sens. Kit only $138,
R76 FM RCVR for 10Mr 6M, 2M, 220, or
commercial bands. As above, but w/o AFC or
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Also avail w/4 pole filter, only $98/ kit.
R1 1 0 VHF AM RECEIVER kit for VHF aircraft
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R1 10-259 SPACE SHUTTLE RECEIVER,
kit only $98.
TRANSMITTERS
• T51 VHF FM EXCITER for 10M, 6M, 2M,
220 MHz or adjacent bands, 2 Watts contin-
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• T451 UHF FM EXCITER 2 to 3 Watts on 450
ham band or adjacent freq, Kit only $78.
• VHF&UHF LINEAR AMPLIFIERS. Use on
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Several models. Kits from $78,
A1 6 RFTIGHT BOX Deepdrawn alum, case
with tight cover and no seams. 7x8x2 inches.
Designed especially for repeaters. $20,
ACCESSORIES
COR KITS With Audio mixer, speaker ampli-
fier, tail & time out timers. Kit only $38.
CWID KITS 158 bits, field programmable,
clean audio, rugged TTL logic, Kit only $68+
DTMF DECODER/CONTROLLER KITS.
Control 2 separate on/off functions with
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Only $90. Requires DTMF Module.
^A
& & &
z
HELICAL RESONATOR FILTERS available
separately on pcb w/connectors.
HRF-144 for 143-150 MHz $38
HRF-220 for 213-233 MHz $38
HRF*432 for 420-450 MHz $48
NEW LOW-NOISE PREAMPS RECEIVING CONVERTERS TRANSMIT CONVERTERS
New low-noise microwave transistors make
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Modsts LNA{ h
P3Q2 and P4$2
shown
Mod&l
LNA2B
LNA50
LNA144
LIMA 220
LNA432
LNA S00
Tunable
Freq Range Noise Figure
20-40
40-70
1 20-1 BO
1 80-250
380*470
470-960
0.9 dB
0.9 da
1,0 dB
1,0 dB
1.0 dB
12dB
Gain Price
20 dB $39
20 dB $39
1SdB $39
17dB $39
18dB $45
15c*B $45
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Our traditional preamps, proven in years of
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P30K, VHF Kit less case
P30W, VHF Wired/Tested
P432K, UHF Kit less case
P432W, UHF Wired/Tested
$18
$33
$21
$36
P432 also available in broadband version to
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HELICAL RESONATOR
PREAMPS
Our lab has developed a new tine of low-notse
receiver preamps with heJical resonator filters
built In. The combination of a low noise amplifier
similar to the LNA series and the sharp selectivity
of a 3 or 4 section helical resonator provides
increased sensitivity while reducing intermod
and cross-band interference in critical appli-
cations. See selectivity curves at right. Noise
figure = 1 to 1 .2 dB. Gain = 1 2 to 1 5 dB.
Model
Tuning Range
Price
HRA-144
143-150 MHz
$49
HRA-220
213-233 MHz
$49
HRA-432
420-450 MHz
$59
HRA^ )
150-1 74MHz
$69
HRA-( )
450-470 MHz
$79
Models to cover every practical rf & if range to
listen to SSB, FM5 ATV, etc. NF = 2 dB or less.
VHF MODELS
Kit with Case $49
Less Case $39
Wired $69
Antenna
Input Range
28-32
5052
50-54
144-14e
145-147
144-144,4
146-148
144-148
220-222
220-224
222-226
320-224
222-224
Receiver
Output
144-148
28-30
144 143
28-30
2830
27-27.4
26-30
50-54
26-30
144-148
144-148
50-54
28-30
UHF MODELS
Kit with Case $59
Less Case $49
Wired $75
432-434
435-437
432-436
432-436
439,25
28-30
28-30
144-148
50-54
61,25
SCANNER CONVERTERS Copy 72-76t 135-
144, 240-270, 400-420, or 806-894 MHz bands
on any scanner. Wired/tested Onfy $86.
SAVE A BUNDLE ON
VHF FM TRANSCEIVERS!
FM-5 PC Board Kit - ON LY $1 78
complete with controls, heatsmk, etc.
10 Watts, 5 Channels, for 2M or 220 MHz.
While supply
lasts, get $60
cabinet kit free when
you buy an FM-5 Transceiver kit.
Where else can you get a complete transceiver
for only $178
i
For SSB, CW, ATV, FM, etc. Why pay big
bucks for a multi mode rig for each band? Can
be linked with receive converters for transceive,
2 Watts output vhfT 1 Watt uhf,
For VHF.
Model XV2
Kit $79
Wired $149
(Specify band)
Exciter
Input Range
28-30
28-29
28-30
27-27.4
28-30
50-54
144-146
50-54
144-146
Antenna
Output
144- 1 46
145-146
50-52
144-144.4
220-222*
220-224
50-52
144-148
28-30
For UHF,
Model XV4
Kit S99
Wired $169
28-30
28-30
50-54
61.25
1 44-1 48
432-434
435-437
432-436
439.25
432-436*
*Add S20 for 2M input
VHF & UHF LINEAR AMPLIFIERS. Use with
above, Power levels from 10 to 45 Watts.
Several models, kits from $78.
LOOK AT THESE
ATTRACTIVE CURVES!
T
'1
1 —
—
\
\
-
—
\
' —
f
\
/
\
\
\
\
J
;
/
\
1
/
l£
f
441-
1
.!•
•1
:
1 £ 1
Lki
420 4?CJ CD +*P
Typtcsl Selectivity Curves
of Receivers and
Helical Resonators.
IMPORTANT REASONS WHY
YOU SHOULD BUY FROM THE
VALUE LEADER:
1. Largest selection of vhf and uhf kits
in the world.
2. Exceptional quality and low prices due
to large volume.
3. Fast delivery, most kits shipped same day,
4. Complete, professional Instruction
manuals*
5. Prompt factory service available and
free phone consultation
6. in business 21 years.
7. Sell mote repeater modules than all
other mfrsr and have for years. Can give
quality features for much tower cost
amironics, inc.
Call or Write for FREE CATALOG
(Send $1.00 or 4 IRC'c for overseas mailing)
Order by phone or mail • Add$3S&H per order -
(Electronic answering service evenings & weekends) 65-A MOUL RD. • HILTON NY 14468
Use VISA, MASTERCARD, Check, or UPS COD. Phone: 716-392-9430
Hamtronics B is a registered trademark
See Ust of Advertisers on page 98
73 Magazine • February, 1984 127
THE FIRST NAME IN
ELECTRONIC TEST GEAR
NEW FROM RAMSEY 20 MHz
DUAL TRACE OSCILLOSCOPE
Unsurpassed quality at an unbeatable price, the Ramsey oscilloscope
compares to others costing hundreds more Features include a compo-
nent testing circuit Itiar, will allow you Jo easily test resistors, capacitors,
digital circuits and diodes * TV video sync filter * wide bandwidth &
high sensitivity * internal graticule • high quality rectangular CRT
• iront panel trace rotator * Z axis • high sensitivity x-y mode * very
low power consumption • reguialed power supply ■ built-in calibrator
• rocK solid triggering * high quality hook-on probes
$39995
high quality
hook-on probes included
0-1100
VOM-MULTITESTER
Compact anef reliable, de-
signed to service a wde vari-
ety ol equipment Features in-
clude * mirror back scale
• dotjbie-ieweled precision
moving con ■ double over-
load protection * in ideal low
cost umt forme beginner or
asas0afe backup unit
$1995
1«t lesdi »nd biltvry
included
RAMSEY 0-2100
DIGITAL MULTITESTER
A compact easy lo use unit
designed to operate irke a pro
Featuring • 3 > digit LCD * low
BAT indicator • ail range over-
load protection * overran ge indi-
cation * auto-polarity
•Transistor taster * dual -si ope
integration • vinyl carrying case
$5495
hF£ ten leads, battery & vinyl
carrying case included
RAMSEY 0-3100
DIGITAL MULTIMETER
Reliable, accurate digital
measurements at an amaz-
ingly low cost * In-line color
coded pusft buttons, speeds
range selection • abs plastic
(irt stand • recessed input
tacks • overload protection
on all ranges * 3'v digit LCD
display with auto zero, auto
polarity A lt>w BAT indicator
$5995
lest leads and battery
included
CT-70 7 DIGIT
525 MHz COUNTER
Lab quality al a br&aklhrough pnce
Features * 3 frequency ranges each
with pre amp • dual selectable gale
limes • gate activity indicator
■ 50mV (S> 150 MHz lypicai sensilivily
* wide frequency range • t ppm
accuracy
SH995
wired Includes AC adapter
CT-70 fcrt S99.95
BP-4 n.cad pack &. 95
CT-90 9 DIGIT
GOD MHz COUNTER
The most versatile tor less than $300
Features 3 selectable gate times ■ 9
digits * gale indicator * display hold
• 2SmV @ 150 MHz typical sensitivity
* 10 MHz timebase for WWV calibra-
tion * 1 ppm accuracy
$14995
wired Includes AC adapter
CT-90 kiT $139 95
OV-1 0J PPM over timebaw $59 95
BP*4 mead pack ft.95
CT-125 9 DIGIT
1.2 GHz COUNTER
A 9 digit counter thai will outperform
units costing hundreds more, * gate
Indicator • 24rnV (fo t&0 MHz typical
sensitivity • 9 digit display • 1 ppm
accuracy * display hold * dual inputs
wdh preamps.
*16995
wired Includes AC adapter
CT-125 kit S149.95
BP-4 nicad pack , fl 95
CT-50 8
MHz COUNTER
nil
A versatile lab bench counter with
optional receive frequency adapter,
which turns the CT-50 Into a digital
readout for most any receiver * 25 mV
(a: 150 MHz typical sensitivity • 8 digit
display * l ppm accuracy
$16995
RA-1 recetver adapter kit
$13995
. 14.95
DM 700 DIGITAL
MULTIMETER
Professional quality ai a hobbyist
pnce Features include 26 different
ranges and 5 functions * 3 -j d<g>*
men LEO display ■ automatic decimal
placement * automatic polarity
$11995
wired includes AC adapter
DM-700kil S99.9S
MP-1 probe set ... 1.95
wn)ff>
PS-2 AUDIO
MULTIPLIER
The PS-2 ts handy for high resolution
audio resolution measurements, mul-
tiplies UP in frequency ■ great tor PL
tone measurements * multiplies by 10
or 100 • D.QihU resolution & built-in
Signal preamp /conditioner
S4995
wired includes AC adapter
PS-2 kil
S39.95
PR-2 COUNTER
PREAMP
The PR-2 is ideal for measuring weak
signals from 10 to 1 ,000 MHz • Hat 25
db gam • BNC connectors • great tor
snitfmg RF » *deal receiver ?TV
preamp
$4495
wired Includes AC adapter
PR-2 kit , $34,95
PS- 1 R 600 MHz
PRESCALER
Ek tends ttie range ot your present
counter to 600 MHz • 2 stage preamp
* dtvideby iCfcircu'try * sensitively
26m V 3 150 MHz * BNC connectors
* drives any counter
wired includes AC adapter
PS IS kit ...
549.95
ACCESSORIES FOR RAMSEY COUNTERS
Telescopic whip antenna— BNC plug . . $ 8.95
High impedance probe, light loading , . , 16,95
Low pass probe, audio use . 16.95
Direct probe, general purpose use 13.95
Tilt bail, tor CT-70. 90, 125 ■;+. 3,9$
'master ctwrc
^wSl^
PHONE ORDERS CALL
716-586-3950
TELEX 466735 RAMSEY CI *
TERMS: • Btfistaciion guaranteed • examine lor 10 days: H not pleased
return In original form lor relund * add Gco lor shipping and insurance lo a
maximum of $10 00 * overseas add )b% lor surface mail • COO add %2 50
• orders under SIO 00 add $ I 50 • Hf residents add 7"/., sales lax • all kits
have a 90 day parts warranty, Wired units have a one year parts & labor
warranty.
£ft£l:ETiTl;T>]
Pent ield. N.Y. 14526
128 73 Magazine • February, 1984
John J Meshna Jr, Inc.
■122
19 Allerton Street * Lynn, MA 01904 • Tel: (617) 595-2275
SELF STANDING COMPUTER TERMINALS
We acquired a small number of these beautifully made computer
terminals which were made by a major U. S. manufacturer. We
do not know all the details about them at press time, but we can
tell you that someone lost over $2000 on each of them. They lose
you win. The terminals feature 3 micro-processors for powerful
capabilities. 106 key* Hall Effect ASCII keyboard^ 10 user define-
able keys, EAROMs, 16K RAM, 48K ROM, serial RS 232 asyn-
chronous data communications, (synchronous optional), select-
able baud rates of 75-38.4K BPS, high resolution, 12" gpreen
screen, composite video monitor, 80 X 25 line scrolling display,
built-in reverse video option, self-contained, lightweight, tightly
regulated switching power supply & more than can be fit in this
space. The terminals were designed to be daisy chained around a
central host computer and used as individual work stations. The
host system could then selectively address any machine in the net-
work for any message it may have. All units are visually inspected
prior to shipment. An operators manual is provided w/ each unit.
Shpg. wt. 55 lb* model no. MT 686 $289.00
With the addition of our TP 420 dual FDD system below, you can
create your own office system.
We offer the following as options: schematic pac. 3 lb. $ 10.00
USRT for synchronous data comm. w/ installation data $ 10*00
25' RS 232 cable, 1 male & 1 female DB 25 connector $ 20.00
TP 420 DUAL MINIFLOPPY DISC SYSTEM
The TP 420 is an extremely versatile mini floppy disc drive sys-
tem. It consists of 2 Shugart SA 400 5l4" floppy disc drives, as
sociated logic, controller card, power supply, cooling fan, and
case. The TP 420 has a built in controller card which features:
Z 80 A CPU, Z 80A DMA, Z 80A CTC, Intel 8271 controller
chip, 6K RAM, ROM, plus other goodies. We have been told
that the serial interface controller card within the TP 420 will
support up to 4 8" drives from the unused port on it The con
broiler card can be easily removed should you wish to use it on
some other system. Also built in is a tightly regulated, switch-
ing power supply which runs on 115/230 v 50/60 hz„ The TP
420 is shipped w/ the interface cable for the MT 686, data, &
schematics, Shpg. wt. 22 lb. Stock no, TP 420 $300.00
POR-27 NAVY RADIATION METER
Just released by the US Navy They appear to be in excellent condition and include the
fitted aluminum transit case. Batteries not furnished but am available in most electronic
supply houses. 4 ranges 0.5 to 500 mr/hr Removeabte hand probe, detection of Beta
and Gamma radiation With todays world conditions end perhaps proximity to a nuke
power statics, rt miom provide a littte ftsurar^
facilities to check or test, we offer AS IS. visually OK Schematic provided with each. We
have some accessories and offer as an option although not required for operation.
Shipping wgt. 22 *) POR-27 Rad Meter $50.00
PDR-27 phones $7,00 Appro* 100 page Instr Book $10 00
Hi Sensitivity GM tube $1 0,00 Low Sensitivity GM tube $5 00
The above ttsted tubes are already instalied in the meter
]rVe aw offenrtQ these as spares tf desired
PHONE ORDERS accepted an MQ VISA, or AMEX
No COD's. Shpg. extra on above.
Send for free 72 page catalogue jam packed w/ bargains.
f See List of Advertisers on page 98
73 Magazine * February, 1984 129
DEALER DIRECTORY
Culver City CA
Juns Kkiimnk-v. :1!*19 S*pi±Jv«La Blvd.. Culver
City CA 90230, 390-8003, Trfltks 463-1 HSU S*n
Diego, S27-5732 {Reno NV),
Fontana CA
Complete lines ICOMr DenTron, Ten-T«T
Mirage, t'hlhii:. Litrifir, oVrr -1WH) dfx.'troriic
products for hobbyist, technician, experi-
IKMafttft AJvr (IB rad^f, laridmrjbdi:. [-~cintn.ua
Electronics, 8628 Sierra Ave., F on tana CA
92335, 822-7710.
San Jose CA
Buy area's nevret amateur radio store Nt"w
& iised aiiiutt'iir radio sultt 6i service. We
feature Kenwood, I COM. AzderL Vaesu, T«n-
Tec, Santec & man> more, Shaver Radio, Inc..
1178 So BaHxam Ave, San Jiwe CA B512H.
9&6-IL03.
New Castle DE
Factnry AntborisceclDeaJi-rl Viit^i. K'OM.Tcu-
Tk, KDK, Azdcti, At; A, (Urtrtmkfc Sam*^ Fufl
line of Accessor «s, No s&le&tax in Delaware fine
mile nif I 115 Delaware Amateur Supply, 71
Meadow Road, New CI«U> DE 19720, 32^7728.
Blootnington IL
Rohn Towers— Wholesale direct to users. 23^
to 34 % discount from dealer price. All products
available Write or call for price livt Also we an:
wholesale distributors for Antenna Specialists,
Regency, and fly Cain. Hill Radio. 2503 CK.
Hand, I'O Box 1405. Blootnineton IL filTOl-
0887,063-2141.
Boise ID
Rocky Mountain area's newest ham dealer. Call
KJM iirsi for AKA. AubsQ, KDk, I Vu let. But-
ternut, Cushcraft. and moref RJM Electronics,
4204 Ovcrljind, fetlK lt> 83705. 343-401$.
Preston ID
Russ WB7RVZ has the largest stock of amateur
gear in the Inter i noun! jiti Wrti and the best
prices. Call me for all your ham needs. Flow.
DirtririuriTift, 78 So, State. EYestofi ID B3263,
854-0830.
Littleton MA
The rdiabte ham riwe asrvlng ME- Full lint el
ICOM & Kenwood. Vaesu HTs> Drake, Daiwa,
B& W accessories, Curtis & Trac fceyers . Larson,
Hustler. Trip*. 'Ily 'Cain products Mirage
amps,. Astron P.S.. Alpha Delta protectors.
ARRI. & KantrOliie^ iiLvtriirtton auk Whistler
radar detectors. Full line of coas fittings.
TEL— COM Electronic Communications, 675
Great Bd (Rt, 119), Littleton MA 01480,
480-3400^040.
Ann Arbor MI
Sw u* for products like Ten-Tec, R, L Drake,
DenTron and many more. Open Monday through
Saturday, 0830 to 1730 WB8VOR, WB8UXO.
WDfiQKW, and WBRF behind the counter, Pur-
dhase Radio Supply. 327 E. Hocv^r Ave., Ann
Arbor MI 4* 104, 068-8690,
Livonia MX
Complete photovohaie systems. Amateur radio,
repeater, satellite, and computer applications!
Call Paul WDSAIIO Encwi Frwlovoltaitt,
27600 Schoolcraft Road; Livonia ME 48150,
523-1850,
Hudson NH
Look! — hams, SWLa, and rapmmi! liters:
parts, books, gear, antenna*, towers. Call for
quotes. Polcarii ELECTRONICS CENTER,
61 Lowell Road (Route 3A). Hudson NH 03051,
883 5005,
Albany; New York
UPSTATE NEW YORK
Kenwood, ICOM. Ten Tee, Belcfcfl, Cushcraft,
Lftrte*. Hustler, ARRL. Hy Cain, BfirW. MFJ.
Mirage. New and used wrulpment. Serving the
amateur oomm unity ance 1942. Adiru«idack
Electronics, Inc., 1901 Central Avenue, Albany
N* 12205, 456-0203 (one mile west of NortWay
etft 2Wi
Columbus OH
The biggest and best ham store in the Midwest
featuring Kenwoud gud n-tbtir cjusJity products
with working displays. We sell only the best An
tEiori/nl Kenwood service. Universal Amateur
Radio, Inc.. 1280 Aida Dr.. ReynoldsbuTc (Col-
umbus) OH 43068. 960-4267.
Scranton PA
ICOM, Bird, CushcTaft, Beckman. Fluke, Lar-
sen. Hustler , Antenna Spgcfolbts, Astron, Avan-
ti, Bdden, W2AU/W2V5, AF.A, Vibroplca.
HartiKey, Amphenol. Sonyn R&W, Coas-Seal,
Covet Craft. J.W Miller^Daiwa, ARRL,
Amecos Shure. L*IW° Ettx-tmric*, 11 12. Grand'
view St., Srrantrm PA 1S509. 343-2124.
Dallas TX
IBM PC'Apple aftermarket product.^ hobbyists'
electronics project kits: $50.00 complete modem
kit, MilwcriptHJii/sHhrlliti' TV dtviodtrr kib,,
FPROM programmer^dupEicator, popular
iiitTJiiuty IC tdtm, dad sl««:Ls, application
notes, and more than 6000 park in stock. Semi-
conductors, discretes, video products, tools
Please writt* ^jr your free litvrahi ^'catalog. In-
dependent Electronics, 6415*06 Airline Rd.,
Dallas TX 75205,
Balti more .' Wad uitgton
Avantck transistors, amplifiers, oscillator*, and
LNAs. Coaxial cable and connectors. Blonder
Tongue dealer with Microwave laboratory. Ap-
plied Specialties, Inc, I0101C Baeuti Drive.
RVltsville MD 20705. Wash. 595-5393, Bait.
782-221 L 7:30 am to 8=00 pmT Monday ihru
Friday.
DEALERS
Your company name and message
can contain up to 25 words for as
little as $150 yearly (prepaid), or
$15 per month (prepaid quarterly).
No mention of mail-order business
Or area code permitted. Directory text
and payment must reach us 60 days in
advance of publication. For example*
advertising for the May '84 issue must
be in our hands by March 1st. Mail to
73 Magazine, Peterborough NH 03458.
ATTN: Nancy Ciampa.
PROPAGATION
Jt H. Nelson
4 Plymouth Dr.
Whiting NJ 08759
EASTERN UNITED STATES TO: |
GMT; » d? 04 o§ oa id i; i4 is ie 20 a
ALASKA
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ALASKA
21
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14A
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7
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/ ! A
i?'
A = Next higher frequency band may also be useful.
B = Difficult circuit this period.
First letter = night waves. Second = day waves.
G S3 Good, F = Fair, P = Poor. * = Chance of solar flares.
# = Chance of aurora.
NOTE THAT NIGHT WAVE LETTER NOW COMES FIRST.
SUN
MOM
TUE
February
WED
THU
FRI
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130 73 Magazine • February, 1984
FT-77 The Rig for All Seasons !
Answering the call for an HF rig that goes everywhere, sounds great, and is
cost-effective, Yaesu proudly introduces the FT-77 Compact HF Transceiver System.
Computerized Design and Manufacture
The FT-77 design engineers utilized the latest computerized circuit board layout methods, resulting in a
compact, reliable transceiver with maximum utilization of available space. Automated insertion techniques are
used in assembly, providing improved reliability and quality control over earlier desians.
Operating Versatility
The FT-77 is equipped for operation on all amateur bands between 3.5 and 29.7 MHz, including the three new
WARC bands. Fully operational on SSB and CWf the FT-77 includes a dual width noise blanker (designed to
minimize the "Woodpecker" or ignition noise), full SWR metering, R.I.T., and optional CW filter with wide/
narrow selection. The optional FM-77 permits operation on the FM mode, with front panel squelch sensitivity
control.
Expandable Station Concept
Ideal for mobile operation because of its compact size and light weight, the FT-77 forms the nucleus of a
versatile base station. Available as options for the FT-77 are the FP-700 AC Power Supply, FV-700DM
Synthesized External VFO and Memory System, FTV-707 VHF/UHF Transverter, and FO700 Antenna
Coupler, providing top performance at an extraordinarily low price.
Best of All, It's a Yaesu!
With most experience in transceiver design and manufacture, the Yaesu trademark is your guarantee of
quality and durability. We've got all-new technology and an all-new warranty policy to back it up.
See the FT-77 and the all new line of Yaesu HF, VHF, and UHF transceivers, receivers
and accessories at your Yaesu Dealer today! It's time you tried a Yaesu!
Price And Specifications Subject To
Change Without Notice Or Obligation
w
The radio.
YAlUl
0283
^&3
YAESU ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, 6851 Walthall Way, Paramount, CA 90723
YAESU Cincinnati Service Center, 9070 Gold Park Dr. Hamilton, Ohio 45011
(213) 633-4007
(513)874-3100
General coverage, Superior dynamic
2 VFO's, 8 memories, Scan, Notch . , .
range,
COMPACT!
TS-430S
The TS-430S combines the ultimate in
compact styling with advanced circuit
design and performance. An all solid-
state SSB, CWt and AM transceiver, with
FM optional, covering the 160-10 meter
Amateur bands* it also incorporates a
150 kHz- 30 MHz general coverage re-
ceiver having a superior dynamic range,
dual digital VFO's. 8 memories, memory
scan, programmable band scan. IF shift,
notch filter, all-mode squelch, and built-
in speech processor.
TS-430S FEATURES;
• 160 10 meter operation, with general
coverage receiver
With 160-10 meter Amateur band cover-
age, Including WARC 30, 17, and 12 meter
bands, it alsci features a 150 kHz-30 MB
general coverage receiver. Innovative UP
conversion digital I'LL circuit, lor superior
frequency si tqility and accuracy* UP
DOWN band switches For Amateur bands
or 1-MHz steps across entire 150 kHz-
30 MHz rai Two digital VFO's contin-
uously tunejje from band to band Band
infonnaLioii jULpul on re.u panel,
• USB, LSB, <X, AM, with optional FM
Operates ow^SH LSB. md AM. wiOi
optional FM. internally installed AGC time
constant automatically selected by mode.
• Compact, lightweight design
Measures uulv 10 5/8 (270) W x 33/4 19U)
H x 10-7/8 1275) D. Inches (ifitnl. weighs
only 14.3 lbs (65 Kl
• Superior receiver dynamic range
Use of 2SKI25 junction type FlTTs in
the Dyna-Mix hiuh eensitivity, balanced,
direct mixei cfrcull provides superior
dynamic range.
• 10 -Hz step dual digital VFO'S
10 M/ step dual digital VFO's operate inde-
pendently, include band and mode infor-
mation. Different hand and mode cross
operation possible. Dial torque adjustable,
STEP switch fur inning in 10-Hz or 100-1 1/
steps. A-B switch quickly shifts WB" VFO
to the same frequency and mode as "A*
VFO. or yice-yersa vf< ) U >CK switch pro-
vided. KIT control tunes VFO or memory.
UP/DOWN manual scan possible using
optional microphone.
• Eight memories store frequency, mode,
and band data
Memories sinre frequency, mod**, -md
band darn, Eighth memory stares receive
and transmit frequencies independently.
M.CH swiich for operation of memory as
independent VFO. or fixed frequency,
• Lithium battery memory back-up
Estimated five-year ttfi
• Memory scan
Scans memories in whirh data [8 red.
• Programmable automatic band scan
Scans programmed band width. St an
speed adjustable. HOLD switch Interrupts
kind or memory scan.
• IF shift circuit for minimum QR1VL
FFpassband may be moved to pine inter*
feiring signals outside (he passband. for
best interference rejection
• Tuneable notch filter built-in
Deep, sharp, tuneable, audio notch filler,
• Narrow -wide filter selection
NAR-W1DK switch for fF filter selection on
SSB and CW when optional Altera are In
Stalled. (2.4 kHz IF Tiller built-in.]
• Speech processor built-in
Improves intelligibility, increases average
"talk-power!
• Fluorescent tube digital display
Indicates frequency to 100 Hz [10 Hz
modifiable),
• All solid-state technology
Inpui rated 250 W PEP on bSB. 200 W
DC on < w. 120 W on FM (optional]. 60 *
on AM, Built-in cooUng Ian, raultl*clrcuil
In i, 1 1 protrenon mates on 12 VDC. or
120/220/240 VAt with optional
PS 430 AC pov upply.
• All-mode squelch circuit, built-in
• Noise blanker, built-in
• RF attenuator (20 dB)
• Vox circuit, plus semi break-in with
side-tone
S; is tin d prices
Optional AT -250 Automatic
Antenna Tuner
Designed to match the TS-430S in size,
color, and appearance. Functionally
compatible with any HP transceiver of
200 walls PE11 or lower. (Requires
manual bands witching!
* Covers 160-10 meter' inrl. WARC
* ABC Automatic Sand Changing System
(when used with TS-430SI ■ SWR/Power
meter* 4 antenna terminals* Built-in
AC Power Supply,
Other optional accessories:
• PS-43Q compact AC power supply.
■ PS-30 or KPS-21 At power supplies.
• SP-430 external speaker.
• MB-430 mobile mounting bracket.
• AT-13H Cdtnpacl antenna tuner*
80-10 m incl. WARC.
• FM-430 FM unit.
• YK-88C 1500 Hz) or YK-88CN (270 H/l
CW tiln i
• YK-88SN (L8 kHz} narrow SSB filter
• YK-88A (6 kHxl AM llller.
• MC-42S LffVDOWN hand microphone*
• MC-55 (8P) mobile microphone.
• MC-60A deluxe desk microphone.
• MC-80 UP/DOWN desk microphone.
• MC-85 multi-function desk microphone.
More inforrnaUon pn the TS-430S is
\\ ii I able from all authorized dealers of
Trio-Kenwood Communications, 1111 West
Walnut Street, t omptonT California 90220
KENWOOC
pacese/.'i" fti ifflate.ui radio
arc stihjet J h? cfunutr witliuitt no lie*1 or ohhutitic
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