§
(g/
t
Atari ST color SSTV
Bargain booster for your HT
Under-SI liamsat antenna
A VOX on your 2AT
r^t'\ie\vs:
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Ramsey $30 40m transmitter U
Tale of two HTs:
Yaesu 470 dual-band micro HT and
ICOM 2SAT 2m handheld
Communicalions Salelllles
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12
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Icom dual banders: the FM enthusiasts dream rigs!
Wideband Caverage. Both the IC 3210 and
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Firfl Du|lleK 0|WnrtiMI. Simultaneously transmit
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20 Memories* Store anv combination of standard or
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Powerful i The IC-3210 delivers 25 watts output on
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Progrominoye Bund and Memory Sctmitinsi.
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Reiieoter fnput Monitor Button. Opens the
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Wority Wotch* Monitor any channel for calls
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Optional Beeper. Monitors for calls with your
su^udible tone, then gives alerting beeps.
Doobte Your Bands with Icom s dual band
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Last Number Redi^l; Redialing the last
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Hookflash: Operates call waiting etc.
Simply press * three times. Only CSI
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Call Progress Tone Detection: Busy
signals and second dial tones are
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dialing second dial tones when
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Powerful Toll Protection: One to four
digit sequences can be restrkited. For
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k separate 2 to 6 digit toll override
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unch hour!
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selectively called using regenerated
DTMF-
Qptional ANI access ^.cid^^y This
option will allow up to 50 separate
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AN ADVANCED REPEATER
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The 8200 is a powerful repeater
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The 8200 contains everything
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Menu style programming is
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• Two remotely programmable 1-6 digit
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• Ringout (reverse patch)
• Busy channel ringout inhibit
• Ring counting
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• Courtesy beep (any Morse character)
• Automatic busy signal and dial tone
disconnect
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CIACLE 12 OM IKADER SERVICE CAIt0
Numlier 1 on your Feedback card
ELCOME NEWCOMERS
Walkies!
Have you ever met a ham who
didn't own a hand*heid transceiv-
er? f doubt it. These radios, known
as NTs, handle talkies, walkies,
handhelds, squawk boxes, and
goodness knows what else, are
among the most popular play-
things in the amateur radio hobby.
They permit us to enjoy radio from
any location. Thanks to repeaters
(see below), a tiny walkie can
provide communications over
great distances, ranging from ten
to several hundred miles! Above
all. HTs are just plain fun.
Basics
Almost universally, walkies are
FM rigs, with the clear, crisp audio
associated with that form of modu-
lation. They operate in the VHP
and/or UHF bands, the 2 meter
VHF band being the most popular.
Their transmitters put out be-
tween 1 and 5 watts of RF energy,
which may not sound like much
but is very effective for focal use,
especiafly in conjunction wrth re-
peaters.
The typical HT has digital
memories which store frequen*
cies and other operating parame-
ters, making operation easy. It
has a rechargeable battery good
for a few hours of use after each
charge. It comes with a "rubber
duck/' which is a helically
wound, rubber-encased, flexible
antenna. It is fairly small, so you
can clip it to your belt or even drop
it in your pocket. It has a DTMF
Touch-Tone™ pad which permits
you to send tones over the air for
telephone autopatch or other
controJ applications. It may in-
clude a subaudible tone or CTC-
SS encoder, enabling access to
repeaters which require it
Psst . , . Pass it On
The key to the HTs' popularity is
the proliferation of repeaters,
which are automated stations de-
signed to receive the handholds'
weak signals and retransmit them
with much greater power. These
stations, usually strategically lo-
cated on a hill or tall tower, can
often be heard up to 60 or more
miles away. Due to their large,
well-placed antennas, they can re-
ceive signals from nearly as far. A
small radio with a simplex (direct
station-to-station) range of only a
few miles has the power and
2 73 Amateur Radio ■ December,
range of the repeater, as long as it
can reach the big station.
Who operates repeaters? Some
are owned by individuals, but
most are run by ham clubs. There
are few areas in the United States
without at least one repeater, and
most towns have several. The
ARRL publishes a directory listing
them all in a thick little book.
Since a repeater transmits and
receives at the same time, it must,
of course, use different frequen-
cies for the two functions or it
would receive its own signal and
quickly go to feedback heaven.
The difference between the trans-
mit and receive frequencies is
called the offset or shift. Most re-
peaters on the 2 meter band use a
600 kilohertz offset, while those
on the UHF bands use a 5 mega-
hertz offset. On the IV4 meter
(220-225 MHz) band, the offset is
1600 kHz (1.6 MHz).
The transmit frequency may be
higher or lower than the receive
frequency. A band plan specifies
frequency pairs, and few re*
peaters deviate from it. The HT, of
course, transmits and receives on
the same frequencies, but in re-
verse. Thus the liandheld's trans-
mit frequency is the same as the
repeater*s receive frequency, and
vice versa.
Some repeaters provide func-
tions beyond simple retransmis-
sion. One of the most popular ex-
tras is the autopatch, which allows
connection to the landline tele-
phone network. With it, you can
make phone calls from any walkie
equipped with a DTMF pad. Ob-
servation of the rule prohibiting
business-oriented transmissions
Is especially important when us-
ing the autopatch. Other functions
include voice-synthesized time,
date, and signal reports, and even
the ability to link multiple re-
peaters into a network permitting
communication over hundreds of
miles. Imagine using your hand-
held to talk with someone three
states away while you walk down
the street]
Miss Manners
Operating through a repeater
requires etiquette altogeliier dif-
ferent from that used on the HF
bands. Instead of calling CQ, you
say "{yoLir call) listening." Sig-
nal reports are given in terms of
quieting, rather than strength; it's
1989
impossible to know the originating
station's strength into the re-
peater because you are ilstening
to the retransmitted signai. A re-
port of 'iull quieting" means you
are coming through with no back-
ground hiss, white one of '70 per-
cent quieting'* means your signal
into the repeater is scratchy.
Because only one station can
use the repeater at a ttme. it is
considered very discourteous to
tie it up with long monologues.
Short, succinct transmissions
keep the conversations flowing
smoothly and promote accep-
tance and friendliness toward new
users.
Getting Out
HTs are designed to be used on
the go, so get out there and have
fun. Bring yours along when
camping, hiking, walking, or even
shopping. And of course, what
ham would be caught dead at a
hamfest without his trusty walkie?
, . Michael Jay GeierKBIUM
Glossary
ARRL The American Radio Relay League.
Autopatch A repeater function that permits connection to the
landline telephone network.
Band plan A gentlemen's agreement regarding usage of frequen-
cies within the band.
CTCSS Continuous Tone Coded Squetch System. PL^, '^private
iine;" is Motorola's trademark for CTCSS. Some repeaters use
these tones to avoid recaption and retransmission of unwanted
signals.
CQ C'Seek-you*') A CW abbreviation meaning ^'calling any
station."
Digital memories Storage registers in NTs, used to hold frequen-
cies and other operating data, such as offset.
DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency. The generic term for the tones
produced by a Touch-Tone^" phone. Used for autopatch and re-
peater control
FM Frequency modulation. Nearly all walkies, repeaters, and mo-
bile rigs are FM, An FM receiver [sn*t sensitive to amplitude varia-
tions caused by impulse-type noise or fading signals-
Frequency pair The transmit and receive frequencies used by a
repeater,
Helically wound Wound in a spiral shape, tike the wire in a rubber
duck antenna.
Offset The difference between the transmit and receive frequen-
cies, also known as the shift.
Quieting The degree to which a received FM signal overcomes the
background noise, A full quieting signal is the best possible signai.
Repeater Automated station which simultaneously retransmits
signals on a frequency different from the frequency on which they
were received.
RF energy Radio frequency energy. The radio wave spectrum
begins at 20,000 Hz (cycles per second) and extends to beyond
300 billion Hz.
Rubber duck A flexibie rubber-encased antenna with internal heli-
cally wound wire.
Simplex Receive and transmit on the same frequency.
UHF Ultra High Frequency. The UHF spectrum ranges from 300 to
3000 MHz, Amateur UHF bands are the 70cm (420-450 MHz),
33cm (902-928 MHz), and 23cm (1240-1300 f^Hz). 23cm is often
considered a microwave band.
VHF Very High Frequency. The VHF spectrum ranges from 30 to
300 MHz. Amateur VHF bands are the 6 meter band (50-54 MHz),
the 2 meter (144-148 MHz), and the VA meter (220-225 MHz)
bands.
p
QFP
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Novices and encouraging Ihem,
No excuses will be accepted. No
exceptions Ask questions — get
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fof them Keep notes— a report
will be required.
DECEMBER 1989
AMATEUR
RADIO
lisue # 35 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
fl
HOME-BREW
9 VOXforHTs
No-hands hand -he Id hamming. . .
. KA8HML
22 Two Meter Mobile Rig
Sick of anemic HT mobile operation? Pep up your handle with this booster.
N8KDD
24 Poor Boy Satellite Station
Coat hanger + SO-239 connector = Mode A uplink antenna
38 Color SSTV for the Atari ST, Part I
Fast and easy way to get on this fascinating mtxle. ,
n * w w ^
h * 9- * f *
...N5LKJ
WB20SZ
REVIEWS
18 Yaesu FT-470 2m/70cm HT
Two meters and 70cm in a micro-sized hand-held.
KBIUM
■e- 4 fr
25 Breadblox Breadboarding System
The ultimate in flexible circuit experimentation
29 The ICOM IC-2SAT
ICOM^s stylish addition to their pico-sized 2m HT line, ,
32 Ramsey QRP-40 Transmitter
$30 and a few hour*s building time gets you out on this popular DX band.
45 Mirage D1 5 70cm Amp
Get more bang (or the buck with this brick, , , . , ,
«■'«■««
- WB^RRT
¥ * * w
*^*fi*V**
..KBIUM
. , , WB0E
KT2B
BOOK REVIEWS
26 Communications Satetlftes — A Monitor's Guide
For tho.sc who wanted to know all about these birds, but didn't know where to ask
. . . . WA5ZIB
P
DEPARTMENTS
FEEDBACK. . ,
FF>!DB\CK!
ltMikttx:in|llitfe—
nght hctc rn cmr offioesi
Hmt? JiKti Ivie £idvamit|c
of mir FEEDBACK card
(in page 17. You'jJl nmkv
a fecilti^ck number lit
ihtr hc;t! inning of ciit'h
urtidc iiTid coIujrtTn. We'd
like yciu to rale wliul y<Hi
ne^il !>Ki ihiA wt can print
whal ty pQh of things you
like bcM. And then wt
will ilnw one Feedback
and each macith For i
fuec H^HcrifJtkn to 73.
66 Above and Beyomt
m Ad Index
72 Ask K^b(Midi
95 Barter *n' Buy
70 CirculL^
96 de KYiNtH
80 Dealer Directory
17 Feed buck Index
44 Ham Help
17 Ham Profiles
56 Ham^^ts
50 Homing In
94 Inde?^: 12/89
Cover tiy Alice Scots eld
Cover phoio by Frank Cofdelie
Cover model: Rofcin C ami rand
76 tetters
60 L<K>klngWest
4 Never Say Die
74 New Products
47 FmrketTalk
86 Propagalian
54 QRP
7 QRX
89 73 International
62 Special Events
64 Updated
2 Wekome Newcomers
92 I9K9Annuanndex
p
See page iBpr mart <m tim imic ytt>nder.
f
73 Amateur Radio * December J 989 3
mm
Mumber 2 on your Feedback card
Never SAY DIE
Wayne Green W2NSD/1
How You Can Help
Save Amateur Radio!
Here comes that confounded
Gloom &. Doom Wayne Green
again. Sigli. Naw, au contraire, I
Cometh with solutions, not prob-
lems. Good solutions, too. Maybe
even fun solutions*
I've always remembered the
sign on the Director's door at a
research institute where I studied
forty years ago. It said, "Bring me
solutions, not problems.** Chap
named L. Ron Hubbard— maybe
you've read about him— made bil-
lions. It's a good concept.
Alas, before we plunge into the
solutions, I should at least give
some hints as to the problems.
The bottom line problem m that
we've had pititui little growth in the
last 25 years and, so far^ no visible
prospects for much more. WeVe
watching our fellow old timers run-
ning our ham clubs and tottering
around with their walkers at ham-
fests, muttering to themselves.
Tve heard all the rationaliza-
tions (which I'm sure yoEJ passion-
ately believe) for why we aren't
attracting youngsters any more.
It's the code. Kids have too many
other interests today. They're too
lazy. They're all Into computers.
Yepp all those things are true, but
they're just excuses, they're reaUy
not the main problem.
W6NKE, in a letter in the QCWA
Journat, said it. If we want to at-
tract youngsters (or anyone, for
that matter), hamming has to be
fun. One only has to listen to the
bands today to reaNze that operat-
ing isn't much fun anymore. Be-
tween DX pileups, where we have
massive proof that intentional in-
terference is alive and well, DX
jamming, net jamming, repeater
jamming and language which
wouldn't even have been consid-
ered possible 25 years ago, if you
want to Interest someone in ama-
teur radio you 'd better not let them
tisten to our bands.
It won't be easy, but I believe we
can fix the mess we've allowed to
happen. As a matter of fact, it'll be
fun fixing it. I think we can clean it
an up— yes, even the DX pileups.
Okay, let's suppose we're actu-
CQ's Dastardly Attack on the ARRL
The amateur radio community was shaken to its foundations by
the recent vicious and unprovoked attack by CQ Magazine (October
1 989) against the ARRL. Tsk.
The CQ editorial took The League to task for wasting some
$600,000 or so on their new W1AW hamshack. Worse, instead of
using ham gear, which they probably could have had for free, they
spent top dollar buying commercial communications equipment.
What do we have to do, form a committee to stop these political
attacks on The League? Obviously the CQ editors* motivated by
greed, are trying to destroy our beloved ARRL, As an ARRL member
with a 50-year pin proving beyond any question my total devotion to
this great organization, perhaps I should head such a committee. Do
I hear from any volunteers to start local chapters?
In the meanwhile I hope you will flood the CO editors with letters
expressing your revulsion and disgust at their sorry, bumbling at-
tempt at sowing discord and distrust among true-blue ARRL stal-
warts.
Heck, I say that if The League's directors don't think the Kenwood,
ICOM, Yaesu and Ten-Tee gear is good enough for their paid com-
mercial ham operators to use, I think we should respect their deci-
sion. Who would posstbly know better than Ihe ARRL and OSTwhat
equipment is best for a top-notch ham station?
ally able to clean up the garbage
on our bands. Then where are
we? Then we're left with the same
old banal signal report contacts
which have been amateur radio's
quagmire ever since the hobby
started. No, we've not only got to
clean up our garbage, we' re going
to have to do it ourselves, without
asking or expecting any help from
the FCC, the ARRL or any other
bureaucrats, and then we're go-
ing to have to set about making
ham contacts actually interesting.
Wow, what a concept! I believe we
can do all this— and it'll be fun.
You'll see. Now stop being a cur-
mudgeon and see what Tm going
to propose. Yes, I already can
hear the whining arguments that it
won't work. Baloney.
A couple years ago the gullible
were convinced that the Novice
Enhancement program was going
to save amateur radio. Spoilsport
Green said no, it won't. Now it*s
the no-code matarky. I don't care
whether you are in favor of a no-
code license or not, the present
ARRL proposition is a hoax. It's a
safe way to be in ''favor*' of no-
code, all the while burning it at the
stake. All the fire and fury will dis-
tract the membership from actual-
ly thinking, seems to be the theo-
ry. Good theory.
As I pointed out in my recent
talk at the Huntsvllle hamfest, no-
code today is a religious matter.
lt*s something about which you
have no facts, and that you be-
lieve in passionately. That's reli-
gion and we kill people who dis-
agree with us on religious matters.
Oddly enough, we don't seem as
anxious to kill people over facts.
The proposed no-code salva-
tion for American amateur radio
meets the requirements for being
a duck. It looks like the Canadian
no-code license, smells like it,
walks like it, sounds like it. , .by
golly, it /s a duck! The Canadians,
for those of you who have been
continued on p, 82
TAFF
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Wayne Green W2NS0/1
ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER
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COMMITTEE
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ADVERTISING SALES
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4 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
I
wo TBf
KENWOOD ^»*"^
O il
I
TM-231A/
331A/431A/531A
FM Mobile Transceiver
Looking for a compact transceiver
for your mobile VHF and UHF opera-
tions? KENWOOD has a compact rig
for each of the most popyFar VHF/
UHF bands.
• 20 multi-function memory channels,
• High performance — high power I
SOW {TM-231A), 35W tTM-431A)
with a 3 position power switch.
« Optional full-function remote
controller (RC-20)-
A full-function remote controller
can be mounted in any convenient
location, Using the IF- 20 interface
the RC-20 may be connected
to four mobile transceivers. (TM-231A/
431A/531A or the TM-701A),
• Multi-function micro-
phone supplied. ^
Various controls are i
provided on the mic.
for increased utility ^
• Auto repeater offset
on 144 and 220 MHz.
• Built-in digital VFO allows
selection of the frequency step.
(5.iai5.20.12.S.25kH2:
TM-531A: 10, 20, 12.5, 251<Hz.)
• Selectable CTCSS tone built-in.
• Tone alert system - for true "quiet
monitoring'"! "*^*
When enabled this function will
activate a tone when squelch opens.
• DRS (Digital recording system).
The optional DRU-1 can store
received and transmitted messages
for up to 32 seconds, allowing the
operator to check or return any call
using the tone alert system,
• Automatic fock tuning function
(TM-531A).
mmoD
TW-fchi
VOL.
TM-231A
I3&^t74 MHz recenf©,
TX on Amateur bands onty.
Modifiable for MA^/CAP
f%miit requ4rod. j
■? ^ V.S 8S
^ Q
'''8SPS
ctcfta
^ zi
aOL,
■*'^U
'■^■^o.aQo
•^O^EB
CJ^.
aoL,
**&
Optional Accessories:
• RC-20 Full-function remote con- ,
troller* RC-10 Handset • IF-20 Inter-
face unit handset * DRU-1 Digital >¥
Tecording unft • MC-44 Mutti-tunci
hand mic. • MC-44DM Muftf-function
hand mic. with auto-patch • MC-48B
16-key DTMF hand mic. • MC-55 8-pin
mobite mic. • MC-60A/80/85 Desk-
top mica • MA-700 Dual band {2m/
70cm) mobile antenna (mount not*.^
supplied) • SP-41 Compact mobile
speaker • SP-50B Mobile speaker
• PS-430 Power supply • MB-201
Mobile mount • PG-2N Power |
cable • PG-3B DC line noise fitter
Z.^-^.
• PG-4H Interface connecting cable
PG-4J Extension cable kit
• TSy-6 CTCSS unit
KEMWOOD U.SA CORPORATION
COMMUNICATIONS SiTEST EQUIPMENT GROUP
RO. BOX 22745. 2201 E. Dcminguez Streel
Long Beacti. C A 90am- 5745 k» m*
KENWOOD ELECTRONICS CANADA INC,
P.O. BOX 1075, 9&9 Gana Court
Mississauga Opksno. Canada L4T 4C2
I
I
Repeater reverse switch. cable • PG-3B DC li
Cr ■ ' '^'^ice "^ ^'^ iteare m-;^''^*^'" '■^'aJ^ Kemvoo^ tfBnscBfvefs and mosr accessoriesL
Spt . . . - 5. ^ea: . . . -ifiH Eftf€€ .ecf ro :*^^nge without naac^ or obfigsvon
.,. pace setter in Amateur Radio
I
n n n n n
u u U.U u
• p
- ^
KENWOOD
,_
^■B^SnHi^L^^^^^^H^^^HH
jlg^^^^
- - .
iM^m^mr^^U^cr^^smm^^
mm
„ n wt ft n f*
^ J> tt U V ■-'
9tOrs^
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ijr V**
950SD
The n0wTS^95OSD is the first
Amateur Radio transceiver to utilize
Digital Signal Processing (DSP), a
high voltage final amplifier, dual
fluorescent tube digital display and
digital meter with a peak-hold function.
The TS-950SD can receive two fre-
quencies simultaneously The sub-
receiver has independent controls for
frequency step size, noise blanker, and
AF gain and its own digital display!
•^ Synchronized
With SSB IF stope tuning, the digital AF
filter provides sharp characteristics for
optimum filter response.
♦ Mew high . .,.u:^i^
50 V power transistors in the 150-watt
final section, results in minimum distor-
tion and higher efficiency. Fult-power
key-down time exceeds one hour
♦ H&Hi Buiit-in microprocessor
corrtrolled automatic antenna
The new antenna tuner is faster and
you can store the settings in memory!
(f^anual override is also possible.)
♦ Outstanding general coverage
receiver performance and sensitivity.
Kenwood's Dyna-Mix" high sensitivity
direct mixing system provides from
100 kHz to 30 MHz. The Intermodula-
tion dynamic range is 105 dB.
I
rocessing
Withotil DSP With DSP
• Digital Signal Processor DSP is a
state-of-the-art technique that maxi-
mizes your transmitted RF energy
Your signal stands out because it is
much more pure than your competi-
tion! You can even tailor your transmit-
ted CW or vofce signal waveshape! i
Select various filter combinations from
the front panel ForCW : 250 and 500 Hz.
2.4 kHz for SSB. and 6 kHz for AM. Fitter
selections can be stored in memory!
Opitonaf Accessories lion monrtor w/pan display
* VS-2 \toice sy nthes^^e^ • SW-2100 SWR/power '
• SP-950 External speaker meter • TL-922A Unear
w/AF filter • SM-230 Sta- amplifier (not for QSK)
Specritca/fOrts %afu/es dna pnc^% suDfecr no cfia/ige wm^ux nm\t^ ae ooifga^on »*»
Rfteen band pass filters are
avaifabte in the front end to enhance
performance.
SSB Slope Tuning.
CWVBT (Variable Bandwidth Tuning),
CW AF tune, IF notch filter, dual- mode
noise b(ankerv\/ith level controt, 4-step
RF attenuator (10, 20, or 30 dB),switch'
abte AGC circuit, and alhmode squelch
• TOOmemt har^me^ Store inde-
pendent transmit and receive frequen-
cies, mode, filter data, auto-tuner data
and CTCSS frequency
Add? Built-in inter-
face for computer control Program*
mable tone encoder Optional VS-2
voice synthesizer Built-in heavy duty
AC power supply and speaker ^ Adjust-
able VFO tuning torque * Multiple
scanning functions MC-43S hand
microphone supplied
KENWOOD U.SA. CORPORATION
COMMUNICATIOMS & TEST EQUIPMENT G«OUP
Pn BOX 22745. 220t E Domtnguez Street
Lono Beach, CA 90607-5745
KENWOOD ELECTRONICS CANADA INC
RO BOX 1075. 959 Gana Coun
Mississauga Ontanc, Canada L4T 4C2
aaokwiic
. , . pacesef fer in Amateur Radio
^ — - «
QRX
Number 3 On your Fe^dbach cftrd
EDITED BY BRYAN HASTtNGS NSfB
Smile for the Camerai
Have any color ham radio
related photos — ham efubs,
tiumor, etc.? Give*em world-wide
exposure in the QRX column, one
of 73'$ hottest departments. Any
reasonable subn^issions stand a
good chance of appearing here m
the near future. No polaroids,
please; we need prints from
35frim or better film. Make sure to
send ihem to the attention of
QRX,
Ham License Fees
The lis House of Representa-
tives passed and sent on to the
Senate the 1989 federal deficit
reduction bill that includes a
$30 fee for amateur radio licens-
es. The Senate is expected to act
quickly on the measure and then
send rt along to President George
Bush for his signature. Slay tuned
for a full report.
UK Novice
The Radio Society of Great
Brftain (RSGB) proposed a pair
of new entry level Novice class
Ijcenses for the UK. "Novice 8"
would be a code-free certificate
with VHF voice privileges above
30 MHz. Passing a five wpm code
test, to receive the "Novice A"
ticket, adds phone privileges on
t60 meters.
If the British Deparlment of
Trade and Industry gtves its nod to
the RSGB proposal, the applicant
will have to take a SO-hour training
course, given by a DTl-approved
Instructor. The RSGB says this
would replace the Morse code test
as a method of assunng the prop-
er standards m the British Ama-
teur Service. These licensees
would be granted many emission
modes applicable to the bands
and band segments assigned to
the current license class, but at a
maximum power of onfy five
watts. There would be no mini-
mum age to gel either ticket and
both would carry a three-year re-
newable license term.
The RSGB says this proposal is
based on a survey of its members
up to age 25. They add that a
Novice ticket is needed to help off-
set the severe shortage of skilled
electronics technicians and engi-
neers in the UK. The UK has a
no-code license, but it requires an
extremely high level of skill to
obtain.
If the PTI approves the RSGB
Novice proposal the UK wifl be
second only to Japan in its liberal-
ization of amateur Ncensing using
no-code as an entry point.
PRB-1 Wins
in Costa Mesa
Hams in this California city
have something to cheer about:
a new antenna ordinance that
gives them a lot more then they
expected.
For many years, the Costa
Mesa city government told per-
mrss ion-see king hams to put up
whatever system they wanted.
Several years ago. however, the
city suddenly enacted a 30' maxi-
mum height ordinance. When the
city decided that it was time to
change the variance requirement,
Fried Heyn WA6VVZ0 appointed
Aft Goddard W6XD to promote a
drive for a less restrictive ordi-
nance. Goddard organized a
mass turnout of hams to a Costa
Mesa City Council meeting that
lasted until 2 a.m. That motion
was passed, and the Council also
enacted a second motion that
held off enforcement of any anten-
na ordinances against hams unt^
there was on© mutually agreed-
upon by the Cily and the resident
amateurs.
Heyn supplied to the Council, in
September "88» PRB-1 material
from attorney Wayne Overt}eck
N6NB and an emergency commu-
nications news story about Costa
Mesa resident Gordon West
WB6N0A. This led to a second
City Council meeting. The Costa
Mesa City Attorney felt that the
terms of PRB-1 took precedence
over anything the city might want.
As a result, Costa Mesa agreed
that its current ordinance was not
within federal pre-emption guideli-
nes. Heyn. Overbeck and God*
dard met with local hams and city
planners to work up an ordinance
acceptable to both.
In mid-August, that proposal
went before the City Council
which passed It with little discus-
sion. It ca^ls for a maximum anten-
na height without variance of sev-
en feet, grandfathering of all
existing lowers and antennas as
long as they are registered with
the city before May 1990 and ex-
clusion of any antenna weighing
80 pounds or less. The city even
took the unusual step of writing to
each ham living in Costa Mesa de-
tailing the new and more Jibefal
ordinancel
Pirate
Taxi Dispatciies
The New York City FCC office
asks the help of area hams to rid
the 10m amateur band of illegal
taxicab dispatch services.
Hams in the Northeast have been
outraged by the indifference of the
NYC FCC office to this problem.
The illegals even threatened one
ham's life,
Kevin McKeon, Engineer in
charge of the NYC Reki Opera-
tions Bureau, inspected many
cabs in May and June, which led
Harrison Indicted
An Oceanside^ New York ham faces a possible maximum
sentence of 250 years in jail and 12,5 million dollar fine if
convicted on all 50 counts of alfeged mail fraud, Michael D. Har-
rison WB2PTI was indicted by a Grand Jury of the US District Coun
on charges of marl fraud. The indictment states Harrison placed
fulVpage ads in amateur radio journals claiming thai the long
defunct Atlas Etectronics had joined forces with Uniden to faring out
the very popular HR-2510 10m mobile rig. The ad indicated that
Atlas operated out of a post office box in Lynbrook, NewYork and
offered the transceiver for only $220. The government says that
Harrison never delivered the promised radios even though he
received a substantial number of prepaid orders, including one for
over $3,000. On 26 January. Harrison was arrested and charged
with mail fraud. He was released after posting a S25,000 bond. No
trial date has yet been set and prosecutors say that the full dollar
amount of the alleged swindle may never be known.
to the closing down of some Illegal
dispatch stations. The problem is
far from licked, though, and the
FCC asks for your help. If you
have any mfo on the illegal opera*
tors* identities, their hours of oper-
ation, their locations, addresses
and/or vehicle license numbers,
please send it to the NYC FCC,
201 Varick Street, New York,
NY, 10014.
Court Appeai
to Save
22P-222 iWHz
The ARRL went to court to
slop the reallocation of the low-
er 40% of the 1 V* m band to com*-
mercjal service. League Counsel
Chris Imlay N3AKD filed the peti-
tion to review the FCC reallocation
order, in jomt cooperation with a
second Washington law firm that
specializes in these matters. The
petition demands that the US
Court of Appeals for Washington
DC set aside the reallocation of
220-222 MHz over to Land Mobil©
services and then to remand the
matter to the FCC for re-disposi-
tion. In its filing, the League
claims the reallocation action was
arbitrary, capricious, and an
abuse of discretion. Case number
89-^ 1 602 has been assigned by the
court.
Ham Wins Grammy
The National Academy of
Recording Artists and Sciences
recently honored Larnell ''Stu"
Harris WD4LZC, of Louisville,
Kentucky, for the best male per-
formance by a gospel singer. Har-
ris received his award at the 31st
annual Grammy Awards Cere-
mony in Los Angeles.
Big Thanks
. .Ao WesWnk Report, David
Black KB4KCH, and Roy Neai
K6DUE. for furnrshtng this
month's news items. Keep your
ham radio-related news items and
photos rolling in to 73 Magazine,
WGE Center, Forest Rd., Han-
cock NH 03449, Attn: QRX, You
may also submit text as E-Mail to
the Sysop on the the 73 BBS,
{603) 52&-4438, 300/1200 baud.
8 data bits, no parity, and one
stop bit.
73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989 7
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Other features include CMOS circuitry for low power consumption, non- volatile
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Nyfnber4on your Feedback card
vox for HTs
VOX circuit for tfie IC^2A T and other HTs
by Thomas E. Warfel KA8HML
The classic ICOM 2 AT is the * VW bug"
of amateyr radio: !t*$ reasonably
priced, rugged, and reliable. Unforrunately,
there have been no commercial VOX units
for it. This article presents a small. low-pow-
er VOX circuit for an ICOM 2AT, or just
aboui any other handie-talkie, which you can
build using standard surface-mount compo-
nents.
Circuit Overview
To minimize power consumption, ! used a
Texas Instruments TLCi079 IC* a quad low-
power, low-voltage op amp. Each op amp
forms ihe core of one of four sub-circuits that
together make up the VOX, One acts as a
buffer 10 reduce the combined load of the
VOX and radio on the microphone, while the
other three form the actual voice -detect/
switching circuit. See Figure I .
IC-IB isolates the microphone from the
radio. This way, when the transmitter en-
gages, it doesn't change the load at the audio
input to the VOX. Note that C4 acts to re-
move the DC bias from the output signal
being ftd to the radio. This is important be-
cause, while the AC component carries the
audio, it is the DC component (switched by
Ql) that actually switches the transmitter on
and off.
The remaining three op-amps are used only
to detect the presence of speech, not to pass
sjjeech faithfully. The first VOX stage is an
audio filter designed to pass frequencies ^om
about 100 Hz to 800 Hz while providing a net
gain of around 50. This isadcquatetoamplilV
speech while reducing the likelihood of pick-
ing up stray audio noise.
The s<K:ond VOX stage is little more than a
comparator. When the incoming signal (the
sum of the DC virtual ground plus the AC
amplified/filtered audio signal) exceeds tte
DC threshold set by RIO, R 12, and R13, the
output of IC-ID goes high. This threshold
level, the VOX sensitivity, is adjusted by
potentiometer Ri2 and stabilized by CIO.
Not all speech sounds will be loud enough to
exceed the threshold: maybe only twenty per-
cent or so will cause triggering.
The third VOX stage is needed to "pro-
long" the pulses from the second VOX stage
Figure I. 1:1 primed circuii board eich-resisi
pattern.
Photo A. Maw the author mounted the VOX
with switch and battery, ne * *belt dip ' * is
formed from two press-on cable guides.
$0 that the transmitter stays on, rather than
just pulsing on and off. R 1 6 adjusts how long
the VOX stays on per triggering. The ICOM
2AT is keyed by pulling the microphone line
low through QL
ConstmctiBg the Circuii
The JC is a staiic-sensiiive device, so u^
a grounded iron if possible. Since the com-
ponents are small and the circuit traces
even smaller, a low-wattage iron gen-
erates more than enough heat for these
purposes. Unless it's temperature-reg-
ulated, anything over 30 watts is likely
to lift tiaoes off the circuit board.
Most of the challenge of building with sur-
face mount components is putting the devices
where you want them. You will need a free-
standing magnifying glass (or some other
kind of hands- free magnifier), clean tweez-
ers, small diameter rosin core solder, and
thin **unsoldering" copper braid. Avoid vac-
uum-type dcsoldcring tools: they tend to suck
up components as well as solder. Taping
down the corners of the circuit board makes
soldering much easier
Solder the pans directly; don't glue them
dow^n first. Tin the copper foil pads, gently
position the component on the board with
your tweezers in one hand, and touch the tip
of the iron to the pad with your other hand.
When soldering the IC, use as little heat (and
solder) as possible, and wait at least ten to
twenty seconds between soldering each pin.
The *'D^' SOIC (Small Outline Integrated
Circuit) package is smaller than a normal IC,
so the heat dissipation is less than a normal IC
as well.
Assembling the Circuit
Go slow when soldering the parts on the
board. It takes me about three hours lo assem-
ble one board: allow twice as much time if
youVe new to surface-mount technique.
Refer to Figure 3 for parts placement.
Follow this sequence for smooth assembly;
1 . Install the two jumpers J I and J2,
2. CI, C12, CI6 (100 pF). Make sure CI6
is not bridging any adjacent circuit
traces.
3. C15(1000pF).
4. C2,C4,C6{0J jJtF).
5. C3,Cl3(220pF),
6. Rl (5.6k); R4, R5 (100k); R6, R14
(IM).
7. Diode Dl— use voltmeter to verify
device polarity!
8. C5 (10 jiF to 30 mF), Note that the end
with the white band is toward the center
of the board, not the edge*
9. R2(lk);R3(2.2k).
10. If you haven^t done so yet, take a break!
11. R15 (1 M); Cll (.47 ^F)—wh!te band
points inward: RIO (2.2 M); R 17 ( 1 00k).
73 Atnateur Radio • December, 1989 9
B
Figure!. Schematic forthe VOX unit
Fhom B.
x0.2\
12, R16 (2 M poLentiometer).
1 3 JC- 1 . Note that one side of the IC is
beveled. Thai side should face ihe
half of the board just ccimplcied.
14. R 13(1 M);Rll(100k).
15, R 12 (1 M potentiometer),
16. Deflux the board now if vou have
flux remover. Don*i f^crub with a
wire brush* jusi rinse the board
with solvent*
17, Diode D2. Again, be sure of your
polarity.
18.C17 (100 pf). This is probably the
most difficult component to install
without shorting adjacent traces.
19. Take another break.
20X10,C9(220pF).
2LQ1.
22. R9(lk),C7(0.lMF),
23, R8 (820k), C8 (470 pF), R7 (10k).
If you are assembling this to use with an
ICOM 2AT or a similar rig in which the
microphone line doubles as a push-to-talk
(PTT) line, install R18 (22k), defiux die
board, and go to the testing section.
If you are assembling this to use with a rig
that requires a separate PTT line, do NOT
install R18, Instead, install C14 (220
pF). deftux the boards and go to the testing
section.
If you need to drive a relay with this circuit*
install C14. Connect one side of the relay coil
to the ''optionaUpush'tO'talk** pad, the other
to the V+ pad. Connect a IN914 diode
across the relay coil, as shown in Figure 4.
Deflux the board.
Circuit Testing
1. Tack -solder a 9V snap-type battery clip
to the board with the positive (red) lead
going to the VH- pad and the negative
(black) lead going to the ground pad.
Connect one terminal of a 9 volt battery
10 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
id.^hik
Wi »*''>'i^-^^»-n {
^^^^^~^^^7*N^
ne vox unit measures only 1.2'' x 1.0''
to one of the snap buttons, but leave
the second terminal unconnected. You
will probably have to rotate the battery
around the first snap to do this. With
a mil Ham meter, complete the circuit
between the free battery terminal
and snap-on clip. The circuit should
read between 50 and 100 microamps
{0.05 mA loO. 1 nriA). If the current reads
less than this (or even zero), check
to make sure that the battery is good,
that there is battery voltage between the
V+ pad and the ground pad (fault}' bat*
teiy clip), or whether Dt is in back-
wards. If the current reads much more
than this, see if C 17 is shorting the power
lines, or if C5 and/or CI 1 are wired in
backwards.
Assuming correct current, fully connect
the battery terminal to the clip. Measure
the voltage between ground and the Junc-
tion of R4, R5, and C6. It should be
between 3 and 5 volts. If lower, check to
make sure the battery is good, and thai
Dl and C5 are well-soldered and making
good electrical connections. Also see if
either R5 or C6 are shorting the pad to
ground. If (he voltage is greater than 5
volts, check to see if resistor R6 is short-
ing out on the Vcc trace, or if R4 is
shorted out.
3. Assuming thai the R4, R5, and C6 junction
pad voltage was acceptable, turn potentio-
meter R 1 2 compie te !y cou nte r-cloc k w ise .
Measure the voltage on IC-L pin 14 rela-
tive to ground. It should be at or near 0
volts- If the voltage, however, is at or
near Vcc, measure the voltage at pin 13. If
pin 13 is at 0 volts, check R13, R12, and
RIL
4. Assuming pin 14 checked out, turn R12
completely counter-clockwise. Check
the voltage on pin 14 again; if it is now at
Vcc, back R12 clockwise again until the
voltage on pin 14 goes back to zero. Dis-
connect the battery, and tack-solder mi-
crophone leads between the '*to headset
microphone" pad and ground. Lead po-
larity is imponant.
5 . Reconnect the battery to just one snap, and
measure the current as in step 2. It should
now be between 0.3 ntA and 0.5 niA.
If the current is lower than this, check
to make sure the microphone leads are
correcdy connected, and that RI is prop-
erly installed.
6. Assuming proper circuit curr^H, fully
connect the battery. With a voltmeter,
measure the voltage on pin 14. If it is
above Vcc/2, quietly turn R12 clockwise
until it goes back to zero.
7. Tap the microphone. With each tap, the
voltage on pin 14 should briefly spike up
to Vcc. If there is no change at pin 14, lest
with a small amplifier/speaker in series
with a 100 jlF capacitor as fallows: Con-
nect the capacitor negative lead to circuit
ground. Connect the capacitor positive
lead to one of the amplifier leads. Con-
nect the other amplifier lead to IC-1 pin
8. Tap the microphone. If you don't hear
any noise from the speaker, there is a
problem with the circuitry for op amp
IC-IC. If you do hear noise, check the
circuitry for op amp IC- 1 D,
8. Assuming pin 14 is re.sponding correctly,
connect the voltmeter between pin 3 and
ground. Again, tap the microphone.
With each tap, the voltage should spike
up to at least Vcc/2, then slowly decay
back to 0. If there is no spike, check die
polarity of diode D2.
9. Rotate RI6 completely counter-clock-
wise. Connect the voltmeter between pin
I of IC'l and ground* Tap the micro-
phone. With each tap, the voltage should
briefly spike. Rotate R16 completely
clockwise. Tap the microphone. The
voltage should spike ^ but then stay high
for a moment before dropping. If the
voltage at pin 1 is always high, check to
see if C12 may be shorting pin 2 to
ground. If the voltage is zero, check to
see if CM and R14 are correctly in-
stalled.
10. Rotate Ri6 completely counter-clock-
wise. Speak into the microphone. Adjust
R12 so that pin 1 bounces high when you
speak in a moderately loud voice but does
not go high when you breathe. Once R 12
is adjusted, starting speaking continuous-
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modest cosU In this case, a premium repeater with versatile
computer control, aytopatch, and many dtmt control features at
test than m^ny charge tor a bare-bones repeater!
We don't skimp on rf modules, either! Check the features on
R144 Heceivef, for Instance, GaAs FET front-end, helical
resonators ^ sharp crystal fUters, hysteresis squelch.
We completely re-thought the whole idea of what a repeater
should be, to give the best features at the lowest cost,
ONLY S1 295!
Available for th&^m,m,2M, 220MHz. 440MHz, 902MHz harri bands.
fCC Ij'pe accepted modeh a!$a ^^/attabfe for vhf and uhf commerciaf bands.
K - Rugged sKclter and PA, designed for conitnuous duty.
■ - Power output 15-18W (2aW opfibnj on 2M or hiband; t5W ot 220MH2; TOW on
■ ^uhfof 902MH2,
^■M^cessory add-on PAs avalaWe wfth power level* up \o 1CK)W.
^^^ve courtesy beep types, inducfing a pl^isant nvuMooe sequence.
^ - AUTO PATCH e Ther open or dosed access. tolF-calt resfrict auftq-cSsoonnect
* Reverse Auiopareh, tiwp types: skOsy-aitsmm Of fra tone on ihft ^.
* DTMF CONTROL Over 45 ftjnctksns can be contrdted tsy touch-tone. Sep^aie
4-digit control code for each function, pilus extra 4-dlglt owner password
* Owner can inhibit auiopalch or repeater, enahle mrm open* or cfosed^cc^^s
for fepeai«f ci auiopatd^, and ensbkB toi calls, reverse patch, kerchunk filter,
site a^arm, auK rcvr. ar>d om&r cptiors, induding two auxdiary flodemat drx:iflts
The cwid message, cttnif cxsmmand codes^ and o^ner-specifed delauft pararne-
ters for oor and cwid iimer s and tones are binned into the ap/om at the Factory,
Cw speed arxl tone, couriesy beep and ^ timers, and courtesy beep type tan
all be changed at any t^me by owner-password-pfotectfid dtmf commands.
Many built-rn diagnostse &. testing ^jnctions uBir^g microprocessor.
Color ccKJed led s indicate status of ail major functions.
Welded partitions for es^dter, pa, receiver, and controller. REM nuts for covers.
3-1/2 inch aluminum rack panel. Finished in eggsliet) wtitte and bfack.
A u Hillary receiver Input tor independent control or crosft linking repeaters.
Ttnn an rnsny ottttr ttaturet, too nuTrjeroua to mentiQn^ H«quf if tBtslo^ for tiilf ditsih.
I
I
HIGH PERFORMANCE XMTRS &
RCVRS FOR REPEATERS, AF &
DIGITAL LINKS, TELEMETRY, ETC
FM EXCITERS: kits
$99, w/lSl69 aWconUn*
uous duty. TCXO & xtal
oven options available.
FCC fype acc&pted tor
com'f uhf A tit DAnds,
' TAS1 for10M.6M.2M.
, 150-174, 220MH2.
- TA451 for uhf
- TA901 for 902-9S8MHZ.
0. W om (w/t of%. $1 ^
* VHF & UHF AMPLIRERS.
Forfrn. ssO, aiv. Output
front 10W lo 100W. Sevefad modefe, kits stal^ at %79.
FM RECEIVERS: kits $1^.w/l 5189.
* R144/P220 FM RECEIVERS for 2M.
lSO-174. Of 220MI-ti. GaAs FET Front
end. 0.1 SuV sensrtivityl Both crystal &
cerarruc if fitters plus hetical
resonator front end for e?(cepiional
selecirvity: > lOOdS at ± 12kHz (b^t
avaii^ta anywhere E) Flutter-proof
hysteresis squelch; afc tracks drift.
- R451 UHF FM RCVR, similar to
above
- FI901 902-92BMH2 FM RCVR,
Tripte-conversion, GaAs FET front end.
. B76 ECONOMY FM RCVR for 10M, 6M. 2M. 220MHz, w/0 helical res, or
afc. Kits Si 29.
- Weather satellite ^ AM aircraft rcvrs also available.
If you prefer a plaln-vanflla or kit
Tepe&ier, you couldn't find a
better value than our original
REP-100 REPEATER
Same tkm rf modules as REP'2ao but
i««h COfM Consoler. Can add
auiopateh, dtmf decoder, OTCSS, either
now or later. Kit oitly 5675, W;1 S975,
ACCESSORIES
COfl-3 REPEATER CONTROUJER krt
Faa^ras ad^ustaible tail & tin^e-out
timers, sofid stat^ relay, courtesy be«p,
^nd kjcai speaker amplifier „.„„.^.,. $49
CWID k t Diode programmed any time
In the Peld, adjustable tone, speed, and
tirrwr, lo go with COR-3 „ , $SS
1
Mfc'J
■I
NEW COR-4 kft. Complete COR and
CWID a^l on one board for easy con-
struction. CMOS ktgic for Eow power
consumption. Many n^w features.
EPROM programmed; specify call .$99
NEW TO-3 SUBAUDiBLE TONE
DECODEf^ ENCODER >ct AcjustMate
for any tor>e Designed especUy lof
repeaters, with remote control
activate/deactivate provisions $24
TO-2 TOUCH'TOf^E DECODER CON-
TftOLLER - Full 16 digits, y^ toU-caS
restrictor, pfogrammabjs. Can turn 5
functions on^off. Great for sefective call-
ing, tool .„„
■^ ■->->++» t-t-i-l- ■>
■wk iff rr *■¥****%
.,$79
AP-a AUTOPATCH kit. Use with above
for repeater autopatch. Reverse patch
& phone fine remote control are std , $79
AP-2 SIMPLEX AUTOPATCH Tlrt-iing
Board kit Use with above for s^mptex
OfserMion using a transceiver . $39
MO*202 FSK DATA MODULATOR k!
Run up to 130D bs9Ud cBgital s^gr^als
throijgh any fm transmitter with f^
handi^takes Radio ^nk computers,
telemeiiy gear, etc _.„...... ^9
DE-202 FSK DEMODULATOR kit For
receive end of link, ..„ ,^ — »»^.^9
9Bm BAUD DIGITAL RF LmKS. Low*
eost packet networking system,
COfSistIng of new MO-96 Modem and
special versions of our 220 or 450 mHj
FM Transmitters and Fteceivers. Inter-
face directly with most TNCs. Fast,
diode 'S witched PA"s output 15 or 50W.
Cat! for more mfo on ihe right system for
your application!
GaAs FET
PREAMPS
at a fraction of the cost
of comparable units!
LNG-(*)
ONLY $59
FEATtffiES:
. Very low noise: 0 7dB vhf, O.SdB uhf
- High gain: i3-20dB. depends on treq
- Wide dynamic range - resist overtbad
* Stable: loW'feedbsdc dual-gate FET
-S|»cri!V tjniag tang&: 2&30, 4^SB, tB7-t50,
S^^-ITZ 21(^^230. 40(y^7a creoo^seoMNE.
~ LNW-{*)
MINIATURE
GaAs FET
PREAMP
ONLY $2#/hH, $39 wlred/tsfttod
- GaA$ FET Preamp simJIar to LNG,
except designed for low cost S^ email
tJz*. Only 5/6 "W x 1-5/6"L k 3/4"'H.
Easily mounts in many radios.
*Spocify luning r8ng&: 25-35, 35^55, 55-90,
9at20, f2G- 15Q, 150-200, 2iXi-27a, W 4QCSQ0
MHi.
LNS-(*)
IN-LINE PREAMP
ONLy$TS/im, 399wirtti3Mtod
* GaAs FET Preamp ¥«th features
to LNG series, except atifemattcaVfy
BvrHches out of line durfng transmit.
Use with base c^ mobOe vrwooetvers up
to 2SW. Tow®' mountjng brackets irtd.
"Specif tunmg imtge: J20-t75, 200^240, or
400500 MHi.
HEUCAL RESONATOR
PREAMPS
Pmamps with 3 or 4 section heiicai
resonators reduce intefmod & cross-
bend interference in cntioai applicabor^.
MODEL HRA-{*), S49 vhf, $94 uhf.
•Specify tuning range: 742-150, r5{3<rsf.
t&2-1?4, Si 3-233, 420^450, 450^70.
RECEIVING
CONVERTERS
Low notse converters to receive vhl and
uhf Ihandft on a IQM receiver Choce
Of kit with case & BNC jacks, kit with pcb
only, or wA Lnit in a case. Ottw rrMxlels
avi^ibla tor otli^ in/out ranges & afv,
Boqu&st catalog for comphto /istrngs.
VHP in put range* avgfl; 136-138,
144-146, 145-147. 146-145, 220-222,
222-224; kit less case S39, kit w/case
$59. w/i in case 5^.
UHF Input ranges avail; 432^434,
435-437: kit less case $49, kit w/case
Ses. wft in case $9S.
S02-d28 MHz converts down to 422-44S
or 43(M50 rarT;g€. Same price as yhf.
TRANSMITTING
CONVERTERS
XV2 for vhf and XV4 for uhf. Models to
convert 10M ssb, cw. frn, etc. to 6M. 2M,
£20, 432, 435t and for at v. 1W output.
Kit only $79. PA's up lo 45W avaiiable.
Request catalog for complete fisiings.
OUR 27TH YEARf
For complete info, call or write for FREE 40-page catalog.
S*nd %3 fof or^svit ilf malL For casu«l lnj«fe*l, ch^ck rvadQf »prvlce- Mlem 5-4 weeks.
Order by maif, fax, or phone (answering machine off hrs).
Min, S3 S&H charge for first pound plus add't weight & irts.
Use VISA, Mastercard, check, or UPS C.O.D. (S3 fee).
mironics, inc
65 MOUL RD. * HILTON NY 14468-9535
PhonB: 7W-3B2-$430 - FAX: 716-392*9420
dRCLE 5 ON HEADER SERVICE OUIO
iQiumtD
-fi>iuoi&
IDHtADiET
V4- ie-l3V}
Parts List for the 2M vox
Figure 3. Parts / . mem diagram*
\y. Slowly rotate R 16 clockwise until the
pin 1 Mops bouncing and just stays high,
Slop speaking and verify that pin 1 goes
low again. The VOX circuit assembly is
now complete.
InstalJalion and Use
There arc limes when a headsei/PTT ar-
rangement may be more appropriate than
VOX. I wined my VOX unit with a 3- way
toggle switch, an Augat Alcoswitch CST-
023TA, 10 easily switch between the two.
Center is off, one side is momentar>^ PTT,
and the other side is VOX.
I used a DP3T instead of a DPDT<entcr
off to avoid keying the transmitter when turn-
ing the VOX off. Merely turning off circuit
power essentially turns the microphone off.
This generates electrical noise which is
picked up by ihe VOX as if it were a sound
spoken by a person. As the circuit consumes
so little power* the residual charge left on C5
(ihe de spiking capacitor) can easily switch
the transmitter on for a moment. Ideally, one
would solve this problem by using a resistor/
capacitor combination to buffer microphone
power separately from circuit power. In this
way microphone power would stay on just a
Figure 4. Con/wcfing a relay to the VOX
board.
12 73 AmaiBur Radio * December, 1989
Cofnpori€nt
Value
Supplier/Part ID
Each
Total
B2.F19
Ik
GarrenMCRlOJWIOa
0.14
0^
R3
2^
GafTettMCR10JW222
0.14
0.14
B1
5.£k
Q«rettMCRlOJW5€2
0.14
0.14
R7
10k
GafrettMCRlOJWl03
0,14
0.14
R16
22k
Garrett MGeiafW223
0.14
0.14
R4,R5.ft11,Hl7
100k
Garrett MCR10JW1 04
0.14
0S6
RB
820k
Garrett MCRT0JW824
ai4
0.56
R6,R13.R14.R15
tM
Garrett MCR10JW1 05
0.14
0.56
R12
1 M pot.
Garrett G4E105M
1.98
198
RIG
2Mpot.
Garrett G4E205M
1.98
1 98
R10
2.2 M
Garrett MCR10JW225
0.14
0.14
J1,J2
OQ
Garrett MCRiejWOOO
0,08
0.16
C1.C12.C16,C17
lOOpF
Garrett 0805N101J ^01
0.2B
1.12
C3,C4,C10.C13,C14
220 pF
Garrett 0805IS1221J 101
0.30
1.50
ca
470 pF
Garrett 0S05N471J 101
0.30
0.30
C1S
tOOGpF
Garrett OB05N102J 101
0-35
0.35
C21.C4,C6.C7
0.1 pF
Garrett 08052104M500
0.25
1,00
C11
0,47 pF
Garrett 1fll2B474K:SO0
1.2S
125
C5
33 nF
Garrett 267M1602336M
1.68
1.68
Q1
2143904
GarrMLMtST3904
0.30
0.30
01 .02
1N4148
GarTe«RLS4l48
0.15
0.30
lC-1
T1X1079ID
Marshail Industries
7^
7^
DP3T
momentafy
Augat Alcoswitch
CST-023rrA
2^
Garrett iEU. Inc.
31 30 Skyway Dr.. j^l 04
Santa Man a CA 93455
(606) 922-0594
Augat/Alooswitch
(call tor local distributor)
1551 Osgood Street
North Andover MA 01 845
(506) 665-4371
bit longer than circuit
power when the
unit is turned off,
thereby avoiding the
'*noise/' Unfortu-
nately, this would re-
quire around a 220
|lF capacitor, which
is larger than the rest
of the circuit! With a
DP3T switch, you
can instantly quiet the
circuit by draining C5 as soon as you discon-
nect power. See Figure 5 fordeiaits.
I mounted the entire assembly (VOX,
switch, 9 volt alkaline battery, jack for the
HS-10 headset) in a 3.75" x 1.25" x 2" blue
plastic Unibox and added a belt-clip. The
circuit itself takes very little .'^pace; it*s the
battery, wires, switch, and headphone jack
that take up the room.
Other Radios
You can use this same VOX circuit with
other handi-ialkies with only nrtinor aher-
ations. Yaesu HTs have the same type of PTT
detections as the ICOM and can work unmod-
ified.
Kenwood HTs have a slightly
different means of detecting a
PTT condition with their
external microphone. To use
this circuit with a Kenwood HT,
install VOX component C 14 in-
stead of R 1 8, and then wire the
'To-radio-push-to-talk" pad to
the Kenwood PTT line (micro-
phone jack **ground") and the
*'to-radio-microphone-input'*
pad to the radio microphone-in*
put line. The VOX ctrcuil
ground must then connect to the
external speaker ack ground
{and not to the external micro*
phone jack "ground" connec-
lor).
PC board, battery clip, mounting case, headset iack. racfio pfugs. wire
Parts Suppliers
12.00
Marshall Industries
in Pittsburgh PA
(412)786-0441
Meadowlake Corporation
PO Box 497
Northport NY 11768
1.2" by 1* wide, draws less than 0.5 mA, and
is relatively resistant lo ambient RF. Total
cost of parts and mounting, excluding the
headset, is around S40. Circuit boards and
parts kits are available through the Carnegie-
Mellon Amateur Radio Club, Send an SASE
to Tom Warfel, CM U ARC, 414 South Craig
St- ^176. Pittsburgh PA 15213,
Thomas E. WarfeL licensed as a Novice in the
late '70s, currently holds an Advanced li-
cense. He graduated cum laude in Electrical
Engineering in 1 988, and is now in his second
year as a medical student. His address is 120
Ruskin Axe. . §603, Pimburgh PA 15213.
r<r>
RADtO ^HiJC* 274-289
PLUG W ftAdIO
EAfiPKONE JACK
nmO SHACK
Z 74'- 286
4i)&*T *LCOSWrrCH CST-Oa^Ti
Conclusion
The final circuit is roughly
Figure 5, Purring ir alt together. This shows how I wired my
VOX ro my ICOM 2 AT so thai by throwing the switch in one
direction, I had VOX, center was off, andrhe other direcrion
was a momenrarv PTT.
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• Assembles in less than
30 minutes
• Is self supporting w/drop in ^
ground mount and is 31 feet high
but has NO!!!
•Traps
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•Transformers
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•Resistors
•or Base Insulators
Challenger DH $199
Total bandwidth on
40, 20, 15, 10 meters
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130KHZ on 80 meters
Best of all the £/vr/^£ antenna Is always active!!
To Order Call— (407) 388-2905
^n *Plus shipping and handling H
*»t«c»d piQpjda residents add 6% tax -
VSA
ANTENNA PRODUCTS
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N. Old Dixie Highway
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I
YAESU
FT-757 GX-ll
FT-767GX; FT-747GX; FT-736R; Handhelds
fbr2M,22Q, &440Mhz; Mobile rigs;
Dualbsnders; and pth@r Yaesu equipment j^
accessories. Call!
ICOM
IC-735
1&0-1DM, General Coverage Receive, Dual VFO
& 12 Memory Cliannels, QSK, Compaet,
ICOM has a great line of equipment « from HF to
UHF: Mobile and base rigs, receivers *- HF to UIHF,
handtieids^ and accessories. CaU us for ICOM.
TEN-TEC
MODEL 562 OMNI V
OTHER TEN-TEC PRODUCTS:
Omni V HF Transceiver
Model 585 Paragon
Model 425 Titan Linear Amplifier
Model 420 Hercules Solid State HF
Model 238 Antenna Tuner
er
ANTENNAS & TOWERS
CUSHCRAFT
A3S {RFE exclusive) Tribander
A4S Tribander
R5 (10,12,15,17,20)
APS (80 ■ 1 0 Vertical)
AV5 (80 - 1 0 Vertical)
40-2CD£-el40lV1. beam
A50-5 5-el 6M. beam
617-6B 6 Mtr. boomer
ARX-2B Ringo Ranger II
A147-11 11 -el 146-1 48MH2
215WB 15-el wide band 2M
32-19 1 9-eL 2fVt beam
421 8XL 1B-e[2M Boomer
424B 24'el 432MHz
AOP-1 OSCAR pack
CalF for prices on the entire linel
KLM
KT34A.„, ,.„...$409.00
KT34XA ...599,00
HF Monobanders, VHP, UHF, & OSCAR
antennas in stock.
ROHN TOWERS:
SELF-SUPPORTING
(6 sq. ft. model)
(1 0 sq. ft. models)
40 ft, ...„^,.ii:^,.,.S2B9
ALPHA-DELTA
DX-A Sloper.»»„.
ny .rr
LJf\ \^\^ iapaq.+ p^ag.iFp«f!|^{l,4
DX-DD....
BT Ft rrH + 'in'ri
j,m w^wm^m.1i^:^'i^^.mJ'J•w9mw.wmm
$46.95
.79.95
...65.95
HUSTLER
6BTV 80-1 0 mtr vertical ......$1 39.95
5BTV 80-10 mtr vertical 124.95
G6-144B 2 mtr base antenna .. .8995
G7- 144 2 mtr base ante n na . . 1 24. 9 5
Complete mobile systems.
BUTTERNUT
HF6VX Vertical, 80-1 GM.
HF2VVert[cat,80&401Vl,
RMKil roof mount kit
STR II radial kit
TBR-160, coil kit for 160M
WARC resonators
HFSB Compact beam, 20-1 OM
BX64
HBX40
HBX48
HBXS6 56 ft. $489
(18 sq. ft. models)
H DBX40 40 ft. .„„,.,„^„.»...$349
HDBX48 48 ft. .... ■..;...._....$464
(Ratings based on 10 ft. boom.)
GUYED TOWER SECTrOHS
25G, 45G, 55G & accessories
Call for current prices.
New! 7 ft. UPS Bhippable 25G
sections
FOLD-OVER TOWERS
Call for current prices-
TELEX/hy*gain
Crank-up towers: 37 -70 '
TH7DXS: 7-eL tribander
TH5 lVlk2: 5-el tribander
Expiorer-14: tribander
Discoverer; 40 Meier beams
205BAS: 5-el, 20 M- beam
204BAS: 4 el, 20 M. beam
155BAS: 5-el, 15 M. beam
105BAS: 5-el, 10 M. beam
18HTS: 80-10 M. vertical
18ATV/WBS:80'10 M vertical
V2S; V3S; & V4S
215-DX; 15 el. 144 f^Hz beam
7031 -DX: 31 el. 432 MHz beam
64BS S 66BS: 6 Meter beams
OSCAR Link Antennas
Complete Inventory, Call for prices.
ACCESSORIES
MP J
METERS KEYERS
TUNERS
ACCESSORIES SWITCHES
|H|^^^^3
^R^iBH' 'fl
1^ ,
I '^^'
- - - J
V
m '
9890 TUNER
TNC UNITS DUMMY LOADS
ANTENNA BRIDGES
CLOCKS
PK-232
Morse, Baudot, ASCtl, AMTOR,
Packet. Facsimile, & Navtex
AT-300 TUNER
ISOPOLES & m2 ANTENNAS
rf concepts
ASTRON POWER SUPPLIES
RS-4A $39.95 RS-7A .....3 4995
RS-20A 88.95 RS-35A 139.95
RS*20M 109.95 RS-35M..... ...... .159.95
VS-20M 124.95 VS-35M 174.95
R5-12A .,.,.$69.95
RS-50M....„..1..,219.95
VS-SOM 232.95
NYE VIKING MBV^A
AMERITRON AL-80A
WIRE & CABLE
BELDEN COAX: (When you want the best)
9913 low loss $0,49/ft.
RG-213/U(8267)$0,49/tt.
RG-e/U{8237) $0.39/ft.
RG-e/U(8214)..,.$0.43/tt.
RG-214/U (8268).
RG8X (9258).......$0.24m.
RG-11A/U(S261)$0.45/ft
RG^58A/U (8259) $0.1 9/ft.
RG-59/U(824l)..$0.20/ft.
....$2.99/ft.
COPPERWELD ANTENNA WIRE:
Solid: 12 ga.„$0,12/tt.; Sotid: 14 ga...$0,09/ft.; Stranded 14 ga.,.$OJO/ft.
ROTOR CABLE:
Standard{6'22, 2 18) .. .$0.21 Heavy Duty(6-1B,2-16) $0.38/ft.
We stock Amphenol Connectors and Andrew Heliax.
Connectors Installed t
VISA Mastercard
Personal checks verified with
Telecheck
Prices subject to change without notice.
Shipping additional except as noted.
Returns subject to 15% restocking fee.
ORDER TOLL FREE
1 -800-233-2482
Shipping info., Technical, Inside Minnesota, & DX
218-765-3254
Telex: 4933032 RFE U I FAX: 218-765-3308
rf enterprises
HCR Box 43
Merrifiefd, MN 56465
More than a source a solution.
CIRCLE 142 (m READER SERVICE CARD
■ ■t.f-'f.
flT
SA-2060 Delux Antenna Tuner Kit
Heath's tuner matches balanced, unbalanced, and single wire fines from 1 .8 to
30 MHz. It switches between antennas and has dual wattmeters for forward and
reverse power. It handles inputs of up to 2000 watts PEP on SSB and 1000
watts on CW. The variable Inductor and turns counter alfow you to accurately set
the tuner to predetermined values for frequencies you use. A great hit to build [
Heuthhlt
SB-1000 Linear Amplifier Kit
A completely self-contained grounded grid linear amplifier that delivers 1000
watts PEPonSSB and 850 watts output on CW. A broad -band tuned input
circuit to the 3-5002 tube gives you coverage of 1 60, 80, 40^ 20, and 1 5 meters
PLUS 80% of rated output on MARS and WARC bands. It's easy to build and
easy to operate.
Remember the famous Heath SB-220? This is Its successor and it
develops even more power output.
Heath puts building back into amateur radio! Remember your first QSO? it feit good
didn't it? Youli experience tiie same feeling wtien you switcti on a piece of equipment
you've built yourself. Order a Heathklt from rfe, build it, and see!
HWS-24HT Dual Band
Handheld Transceiver
A great 2 meter and 440 MHz handheld with 20
memory channe^g plus 2 programmable "cair
ciiannels. It may be modified for MARS, CAP, or
embassy use. Auto power off, dual VFO, semi- or
crossband full duplex, and more!
HW-24/HW-24H Twin Band
Mobile Transceiver / Repeater
20 memory channels with VHF/UHF operation.
Two internal VFO's. Repeater function. The HW-24
runs 10 watts; the HW-24 H runs 50 watts.
HK-21 Pocket Packet TNC
The smallest Packet TNC available. A built-in mini
bulletin board; TNC-2 compatabllity; and quick, easy
hook-up to your HT or VHF/UHF transceiver
HW-9 Deluxe QRP CW Transceiver
Covers the bottom 250 KHz of 80-15 meters plus 250
KHz of 10 meters. 4 watts out except 3 on 1 0 meters.
On4ine technlcat assistance: Should
/ou as a Heath owner ever have questions
about your equipment, you can get
answers from the tech consultants on their
direct fine: 616-982^3296.
Order with confidence from rfe.
HK-232-A Pack-Kit
All-Mode Data Controller
Seven modes, two port configuration for
interchangeable HF or VHF operation, supports all
common baud rates and CW from 5 to 99 wpm.
HD-1481 Remote Coax Switch (Kit)
Switch up to four antennas remotely. The switch
operates through your coax, eliminating control
cables. It handles up to 2000 watts PEP from 1 .8 to
54 MHz. Tower or mast mount the remote switch unit.
F
HN-31-A
Cantenna Oumniy
Load (Kit)
Make this Christmas a "Heath Christmas." Heath has great gifts for the amateur and
the entire family. Why not enjoy assembling a Heathkit during the long, cold winter?
Happy Holidays from the gang at rfe.
George, Gwen, Mel, Cheryl, Randy, & Ralph
I
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Number 5 on your Feedback
Ham profiles
There are no ' average " hams!
Linda Reneau KA WKM. Linda islZ
zme's Senior Editor.
Nurse, Author, Poet, Ham
Linda Reneau KAiUKM has
been an editor at 73 Magazine for
two years. Last summer she got
her Novice license and continues
to study for an upgrade. As an
adolescent, she was an SWLer
and science fiction fan. She te-
ionged to the Astronomy Club of
Kansas City. Junior NASA, and
the Civil Air Patrol. On© of
her goals is to start a
dream discussion net.
At presenL she reads
about two SF books a
week and is active in as-
tronomy. For physics,
she reads Fred Wolf's
intriguing books. She's
lived in Louisiana, Missou*
rl New York City, Arizona,
Alaska, California, and
now New Hampshire.
Besides writing and edit-
ing, she's worked as a
nurse, firefighter, and
bookkeeper, among other
things.
Recently she complet-
ed a book, A Manual of
Dream Art/Science. To
ih& S(<y, a book of poetry, was
published in 1984 by Orca Press
in Alaska. Other poems have
been published in anthologies,
and many articles on dream
studies have been published in
TTre Dream Network Bufletin. She
IS currently working on a new
book. Dreaming for Spiritual
Growth.
Maga-
'*Da Schmooze'*
Jim Bait KA1TGA is a
ham with many interests
and talents. He was once
an aspiring college and
semi-pro baseball player.
Before graduating from
college, he travelled to
Germany to open a white-
water ratting program for
the AFRC (Armed Forces
Recreatior> Command)
and in his spare time was
a mountain climbing guide
in the Bavarian Alps. After
teaching environmetal ed-
ucation at an outdoor edu-
cation school \n Trinity.
Texas, he spent a season
as mainsail driver on an
ocean racing yacht*
His first job in the communica-
tions fieid was as "Sky Watch
One/' an airborne traffic reporter
for KTRH newsradio in Houston.
Texas. He then moved to WKBK
radio in Keene, New Hampshire,
where he was News Director and
hosted a talk show where he inter-
viewed presidential candidates
during the 1988 campaign. He
has worked for 73 Magazine tot
two years and is now an advertis-
ing sales representative.
Jim is 3 community volunteer
for the Contoocook Valtey (NH)
Jim Bait KA 1 TGA. Jim rs a member of the
73 Magazine advertising saies team.
High School's solar racing car
and Amateur Radio Club and a
member of the Board of Directors
of the Red Cross. He will atso
coach an area Babe Ruth base-
ball team where he hopes to have
a winning season AND to expose
his team to the excitement of ama-
teur radio.
Jim is not the only ham in his
family. His late grandfather
W8BWD, his father NV3J. and
his brother NSKIR share and
pass on their enthusiasm for the
hobby.
Feedback
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Feedback* Title
1 Welcome Newcomers
2 Never Say Die
3 QRX
4 Home-Bfew:VOXfor2AT
5 Ham Profiles
6 Review: Yaesu FT-470 2m/
70cm HT
7 Home-Brew:
Two Meter Mobile Rig
8 Home-Brew:
Poor Boy Satellite Station
9 Book Review:
Communicattons Satellites—
A Monitor's Guide
to Review: ICOM IC-2SAT
1 1 Review: Ramsey QRP^O
Transmitter
12 Review: Breadblost
Breadboarding System
1 3 Home-brew: Color SSTV on
the Atari ST— Part I
14 Packet Talk
Feedback* Title
15 Homing In
16 ORP
17 Hamsats
18 Looking West
19 Special Events
20 Letters
21 Updates
22 Above & Beyond
23 Circuits
24 Ask Kaboom
25 New Products
26 Ham Help
27 Dealer Directory
28 Ad Index 12/89
29 Propagation
30 73 International
31 1980 Annual Index
32 Keyword Index 12/80
33 Barter 'nVBuy
34 deK6MH
35 Mirage D 1 5 70cm Amp
I
73 Amateur Radio * December, 1 989 17
Number 6 on your Feedback card
73 Review
by Michael Jay Geier KBIUM
Yaesu FT-470
2m/70cm HT
Yaesu USA
17210 Edwards Road
CermosCA9070l
Teh (600) 999-2070;
(213)404-2700.
Price Class: $500
Dual-band fun In an HT only slightly larger than the FT-4 1 1 .
Yaesu introduced the first duahband
walkie a few years ago. The FT-727R,
though somewhat large and power-hungry;
was an instant success, and many are on ihe
air today. Recently, miniature dual-banders
have t>egun to appear, and Yaesu is once
agara at the forefront of the technology with
the introduction of the FT-470,
Resembles FT-411
Tne 144/440 MHz FT-470 is patten^ed after
the highly successful FT -41 1 series of single-
band walkies. and it's impossible not to com-
pare the two rigs. The '470 has the same basic
look, a very similar keypad function layout,
and a slightly tonger and thicker case. It uses
the same batteries, mikes, and most of the
other accessones.
Smali, Powerful Battery
The battery was the first thing I noticed
when I opened the box. It was about V^-inch
shorter than the FNB-IO which was shipped
with my '41 1 . A glance at ihe back, however,
revealed that it had the same 7.2-voIl, 600
mA-hour capacity. As it turns out. it even uses
the same charger! There is no eleclrica! differ-
ence between the two packs. I immediately
ordered one for my '41 1 . and I love it: now the
rig is truly pocket-sized, with no compromise
in performance. If you want lo get one. the
battery's model number is FNB-17,
The FT-470 is smalt as dual-banders go. lt*s
about one inch tonger than the '411. The sup-
plied YHA-28 duck is actually longer than the
radio! By the way» the duck is flexible and
appears very well made. The rig fits comfort-
ably in my hand, and the keys are larger and
easier to press than those on the *411.
Simultaneous Monitoring
The top of the radio has four controls:
squelch (which operates on both bands simul-
taneously), volume, balance (concentric with
the volume control), and the ''dial" knob- The
balance control adjusts the relative volumes
of the two bands. That's right, you can monitor
both bands at once! Also on top are the mike
and earphone jacks and, of course, the anten-
na connector.
18 73 Amateur Radio • Decemt>er« 1 989
The Yaesu FT-ATO dual-band HT
*
Figure h The Kaboom Audio Enhancer for the
FT*411 (June '39) works equally welt for the
FT-AJO,
The left side houses the rubber buttons
for the PTT, squelch monitor, and lamp. As
for the '411, the lamp lights the keypad as well
as the LCD, I find this very handy for night
operation.
All other functions are performed from the
keypad. In addition to Ihe usual sixteen keys,
there are four more, permitting you to do some
commonly-used operations without pressing
the FUNCTION button. This arrangement is es-
pecially nice for the reverse function, which
requires only one keypress, instead of the two
used on the '411,
Another improvement is the separation
of the keypad lock and ptt lock into two
keys. Now you can lock the ptt withoul locking
the pad.
The LCD is targe and easy to read.
The numbers and icons are clearer than
the '4t1's, Both the main band and sub-
band are shown, with the main band's
frequency on the left in large numbers,
and the subband's on the rights in smaller
numbers,
Yaesu opted fora 5^>^*digit display. The half
digit refers to the kHz display. Rather than
a zero or a five» there is just nothing for a
zero, and a small block which shows '50^' for
a five. This is somewhat disconcerting when
entering frequencies from the keypad, be-
cause the display looks the same (for frequen-
cies ending in a zero) before and after youVe
entered the last digit Actually, the decimal
point only comes on when you finish the entry,
but it's easy to overlook. Several t^mes I was
unsure whether or not I had entered all the
digits. There seems to be no advantage to this
kind of display.
The FT-470 includes nearly all the features
of the "411. The only thing missing is the vox
circuits which few of us are likely to use, any-
way Of course, there are new features related
to dual-band operation. The sand key trans-
poses the main and subbands. The sub key
turns the subband on and off. The alt key
allows the rig to alternate between bands dur-
ing memory scanning.
fVlemory Functions
The rig has two memory banks, one for each
band. Each bank contains 20 memories, any
of which can hold odd splits, and the frequen-
cy and status of the included CTCSS encoder/
SIMPLEX PATCH
AVAILABLE
^««.K«EI-«S«**"""''
VCS-21 00
VOX CONTROLLED
SAMPLING
INTERCONNECT
The Interconnect Specialists Inc. (ISI),
VCS-2100, uses a combination of VOX con-
trol from telephone line audio, and sampling
of receiver noise, to achieve the optimum
control method for a simplex interconnect. No
sampling interruptions occur during normal
conversation. Turn-a-round beeps make
operation very smooth and easy.
The VCS^2100 features the ISI exclusive,
Automatic Setup. This feature eliminates the
trial and error method of sample window
setup. Our Quick Start Set-up procedure gets
the VCS-2100 up and running, without com-
plicated programming. The VCS-2100 is
superior to any other interconnect in its price
range. It is a plug-in replacement for the
popular 510SA Smart Patch.
INTERCONNECT
SPECIALISTS INC.
FEATURES:
• AUTOMATIC SET-UP
Automatically sets the sample window for your
transceiver. No more trial and error.
• TURN^A ROUND BEEPS
Sends beep to telephone line, and to mobile
indicating it's their turn to talk.
• USER PROGRAMMABLE CW ID
CW ID can be programmed using UTMR ID
can be programmed to be sent at the beginn-
ing, the end, both, or not at alL
• AUTOMATIC BUSY DISCONNECT
AutomaticaHy disconnects if the telephone
number dialed is busy.
• HOOK-FLASH
Used to make a second call without
disconnecting and re-connecting. Also can be
used for phone company services which use
Hook-fiash.
« CALL WAITING
If a mobife call is attempted and the line is in
use, a beep is sent to the phone line indicating
that the mobile wants to make a call. Then
when the line becomes available, a ring-out is
transmitted to the mobile,
• RING-OUT (REVERSE PATCH)
Can be programmed to ring-out one time, on
each ring, or not at ail, when the line rings.
• SINGLE OR MULTI DIGIT CODES
Connect or disconnect codes can be single *
and #, or * and # plus two digits.
• CALL LIMIT TIMER
Can be set for 3, 4, or 5 minutes, or disabled.
Can be programmed to reset with **
• MOBILE ACTtVITY TIMER
Causes disconnect if mobile drives out of
range. Can be set to 30, 45, 60, or 90 seconds.
• TOLL RESTRICT
The first digit dialed cannot be a "1" or a "0"*
Rearms after dialing is complete.
• PHONE LINE IN USE INHIBIT
Prevents interrupting a call when the patch
shares the telephone line with a tefephone.
• TOLL RESTRICT DEFEAT CODE
A special programmable code allows toll calls.
Also allows access to line, even if line is in use.
• TONE OR PULSE DIALING
Switch programmable for Tone or Pulse dial-
ing. Pulse dialing can be used on a tone line.
• HALF DUPLEX MODE
The VCS-2100 can be used as a repeater inter-
connect in this mode.
Kenwood Compatabillty with VCS-2100.
AH connections, required for instatlation
are available at the MIC- connector on most
late model Kenwood Transceivers. Interface
cables are available from I.S.L
*aI
1215 H. OR 427, Suite 105 • Longwood. FL 32750
PHONE 407-332-0533 • TOLL FREE 800-633-3750
aecLE 100 ON reader service card
decoder. Two memorfes in each bank set up-
per and lower scan limits. Memories may be
locked oul from scanning, or hidden entirely*
Each band also has a *'call" memDi7« ac-
cessible from the call key . This memory is just
like the others, except (hat it doesn't get
scanned* and you can access it with one key-
press. It*s especially handy for simplex and
hamfest use. It shares one quirk with the '41 1 :
If you turn the dial on top of the radio while you
are using the call memory, it transfers the
frequency to the VFO, trashing whatever was
there. The regular memories don't do that.
There are two VFOs for each band, for a
total of four! That's a lotta VFOs. Of course,
you can never be too rich, too thin, or have too
many VFOs, and in a pinch, you can use them
like extra memories.
As on the FT-41 1 , memory management is
very ftexiWe. Memories can be fixed or tun-
able, and you can perform various kinds of
scanning and priority operations. But this ra-
dio can do all of it on two bands at oncel You
can be memory scanning on 2 meters while
tiand scanning with sequential priority watch
on 440! Jt may sound confusing, but it's easy
to do. A muitiiasking microprocessor with the
usual lithium battery backup makes it all pos*
sibte.
The DTMF pad has a ten-number autodi-
aler. The '41 1 also has this feature, and I have
grown to love rt. If you're in walkie range of the
lepsater* you 'If find yourself using it to dial
friends while you drive, instead of trying to
manually key the autopatch codes and phone
number into your mobile rig.
Radio Performance
The receiver and transmitter operate well.
The receiver seems considerably more sensi-
tive on VHF than the '411 's, especially for
public service band scanning. The IMOAA
weather channel, which is fairly weak on my
'41 1 , is full quieting and neady full scale on the
'470^s LCD S-meter
There isn't much 440 activity here in north-
western Vermont, so it is hard to check sen si*
livity on that band. The local repeater, howev-
er, comes in fine. The transmitter sounds crisp
on the air. With the supplied battery^ it puts out
2.3 watts on both bands. At 12 volts, you get 5
watts. A "low" position cuts the output down
to much less, saving battery power Interest-
ingly, the high/low setting is specific to each
band^ For instance, you can be set for high on
2 meters and low on 440, or any other combi-
nation you desire.
The FT'470 can operate full duplex because
it continues to receive on the subband even
while transmitting on the main band. Hearing
the receiver come to life while you're transmit-
ting is an eerie experience that takes some
getting used to. If you add a connection from
the earphone jack to the mike jack (with appro-
priate attenuation, of course), and key the ptt,
you've got an instant crossband repeater! [Ed.
note— The author recently became aware of a
crossband repeater function, programmabte
from the rig's keypad by turning on the HT
while depressing the rpt key. Tests per-
formed at 73 HQ, in which i and Jim KA t TGA
QSOed via the 470 using a 2m HT and 70cm
20 73 Amateur Radio • DecembeM989
base station, respectively, confirmed the exis-
tence of this function. We also confirmed
KBiUhA's claim that the rig is locked in low
power in this mode. (This was tikefy set since
the high power setting in this mode could lead
to receiver desense.) It also appears that
Michaels suspicion is true that the audio be-
tween bands in this mode is acoustically cou-
pled (that is, the audio passes from speaker to
mike}, since audio quality is considerably
poorer at the end receivers when signals are
470-repeated, than ft is when the end rigs
receive signals directly, and when the 2m HT
received a 2m signal from the 470 wa the
W2NSD/R repeater. Look for KBIUM's mod
for better TX/RX signal coupling in crossband
repeating with the 470 in an upcoming issue of
73.. Bry^nNSlB]
As received from Yaesu, the ng only cov-
ered 144-148 MHz. There was no extended
coverage, and nothing in the book about how
'Vnce extended, 2m
receive coverage is
130-180 MHz, and
transmit is 140-150
MHz. UHF coverage is
430-450 MHz/'
^
to extend it. I tried the reset procedure used on
the '41 1 , and after about five tries, it worked! If
you need to extend the receiver, just turn off
the rig; hold down both arrow keys; then turn it
back on. If it still tunes only 144-148. do it
again until it works. Of course^ all the frequen-
cies in memory will be lost and require re-en-
try. Once extended, receive coverage is 130-
180 MHz, and transmit is 140-150 MHz. UHF
coverage is 430^460 MHz. I am not aware of
any way to extend it*
Problems
The FT-470 is a very nice radio. It has ad-
vanced features and. with its abilrty to monitor
both bands at once, is like having two radios in
one small, handy box. There are some prob-
lems, however, about which yoy should be
aware, to make your operation as smooth as
possible.
When monitoring both bands at once, the IF
"whoosh" noise from the band not being re-
ceived leaks into the audio of the received
signal, it's not nearly as bad as if the squelch
were truly open on both bands, but it is fairly
objectionable.
There are two ways to avoid this. You can
either turn the subband off (which is fine if the
signal you're receiving is on the main band),
or you can rotate the balance control toward
the band you want.
By the way, there is no indication on the
display of which band is being received! If
you're monitoring both bands and you get a
call, you must either rotate the dial or turn off
the subband to see on which band the signal
lies. Otherwise, you may respond on the
wrong band! In future models Vaesu should
consider using a blinking dot or other icon
next to each frequency to neatly avoid this
kind of confusion.
On the FT-41 1 . rotation of the dial temporar-
ily disables the battery saver, so that you can
hear channel activity as you pass through the
frequencies or memories. On the '470. that
function was omitted (although the saver dis^
ables properly during automated scanning
operations). Thus, you can turn the knob
through all your memories, or a segment of
the band, and the frequencies wilt appear va-
cant even though they may be bursting with
activityt You have to turn the saver off to
correct the problem.
The battery saver also seems to "miss"
sometimes, taking up to ten times as long as it
should to notice a signal I've seen it wait as
much as ten seconds before opening up on a
signal thai was there the whole lime. I suspect
that it doesn't wake the rig up long enough for
the PLL to reliably lock, although that's only a
guess. The receive light will flash on each
saver cycle (such as 0.5 seconds), but the
squelch won't open. Again, the fix is to shut
the saver off.
As on the FT-4M, the receive audio is not
very good. The '470 has the same speaker
and grille, and benefits greatly from the
Kaboom Audio Enhancer described in my
FT-41 1 review { 73, June 1 989). (See Figure t .)
The audio makes a substantial "pop" when
the squelch opens, which makes it painful
when using an earphone. It's no big deal how-
ever, in normal speaker operation.
As on the '41 1 . the low battery icon gives
almost no warning at all before the battery
dies. I clocked it at 20 seconds from the time
the icon blinked (during transmit on high pow-
er) to total radio shutdown.
The rig has the same annoying keypad
beeper, with its double beeps and tunes. You
can turn it off without losing the auto power
OFF warning beeper.
There's a rubber plug flush with the right
side of the rig. Pulling it revealed a hole obvi-
ously meant for a coaKiai DC power jack
(which would be nice to have). Yaesu current-
ly doesn*t install this jack on the '470.
Future Fixes
I spoke with Chip Margelli, Vice President of
Marketing for Yaesu USA. He confirmed the
company^s awareness of the squelch leak and
battery saver problems, but said that there
were no fixes at this time. He did say, howev-
er, that when solutions became available,
Yaesu would fix any FT*470s sent to them.
Conclusion
All in all. the '470 is a very nice radio. If you
don't plan on lots of dual-band monitoring,
and are willing to work around the battery
saver, you'll probably be very happy with it.
lt*s small, powerful and offers more flexibiiity
than you*re ever likely to need!
Michael Geier KB 1 UM is 73 's troubleshooting
'*Ast Kaboom" columnist. You can reach him
at 7 Simpson Court, S. Burlington VT 05403.
I
Hf Equipment
iC-765 Xcvf 'ti^/fcpver/autfi (ufter.
Regular SAIE
3149,00 2699
IC781 Xcvr/Rcvr/ps/tuner/scope.... 6149.00 5295
1C-751A 9-b3nd xcvr/J 30 U\Hi fcvr
PS-i5 Internal power supply
FL-63A 250 Hz CW filter (IsUF)...-.
FL-52A 500HzCWnfter(2ncllF),,.,
FL 53A 250HzCWn[teM2ndlF),...
FL-33 AM filter
FL-70 2 8 kHz wide SSB filter........
itC-lO Eiternal frequency contmller
IC-735 HFtranscefver/SWrcvT/mic...
PS-55 External power supply
AT- 150 Auto antenna tuner (SpieUf
FL-3ZA 500 Hz CW filter.
E){-243 Electronic keyer unit .♦
UT-30 Tone encoder ....
■ #*-ikndH-«4
I + > -p V t 4
169900 1469
219,00 199*^
59,00
115,00 109«
115.00 109*5
49,00
59,00
49,00
1149.00 999'^
21900 193"
4^5.00 369**
69.00
6450
18.50
1C'72S Ultra compact HF xcvf/SW fcvr 949 00 829*^
Other Accesmriei Regular SALt
IC-2KI HF solid state amp w/ps 1999.00 1699
IC-4KI HF IKW outs/samp w/ps 6995.00 5999
EX-627 HF auto, aot. selector (Sfi&fl) 315.00 269'^
PS- 15 20A external power supply 1 75.00 159''^
PS- 30 Systems p/s w/cord. Spin plue 349 00 319**
iB Mobile mount, 735/ 75 1 A/ 761 A„., 25 99
SP-3 External speaker ., -«
SP-7 Small eiternil speakef
CR-64 High stab. rei. xtal for 751A
PP-1 Speaker/patch.....,.,..
SM-6 Desk microphone
S(l#-8 Desk mic - two cables, Scan....,,
SM'IO Compressor/graph EQ, 8 pin mic 149 00 139"
AT' 100 lOOW Sband auto, ant. mtt .„ 445.00 389'^
AT-500 500W S'baod auto, ant tuner ..
AW -2 S-barvd tuner w/mount & whip ...
AH-2A Antenna tuner system. orily.„,„
GC-5 WorWclocliff^iWiO ....... =......
65.00
51-99
79.00
179,00 164'*
47,95
89,00
589.00 519^^
758,00 689^^
559,00 499^^
9195 69^'
Accessorfes for lC-755, 78L 725 - CALL lor Prices
ICOM
* Large Stock
* Fast Service
* Top Trades
at
VHF/UHF b^^e muhi-modei
1C'275A 25w 2m FM/SSB/CW w/ps.,.
IC 275H lOOw 2m FM/SSB/CW...,„„
IC 375A 25w 220 FM/SSB (Chsmf)
IC-475A 25w 440 FM/SSB/CW w/ps
IC-475H 75w 440 FM/SSB/CW..,,.^,,
IC-575A 25w6/10m xcvr/ ps (S^l^
IC575H lOOw 6/lOm xcvr
hVMB'-HlHH-PVlfc'
Regular
1299 00
139900
1399.00
139900
159900
139900
1699.00
SALE
1099
1199
799"
1199
1369
1129
1499
'VHF/UHF/IJ CHz Mob'th^
IC47A 25w 440 FM/HP mic (Chmuf)
PS-45 Compact 8A power suppty....
UT'16/£X-38S Voice synthestJier....
SP-10 Slim-lme external speaker....
IC-28A 25w2m FM. HP mtc (Sffisk!)
\C 28H 45w 2m FM, HP mic... .»
IC-48A 25w 440 450 FM. HP mic..„.
Hi(l-14 Eitra TIP mcropbone ...,_,.
UT-2S DigFtaf code squelch
UT-29 Tone s[|uetcti decoder...,.,,.
HM'16 Speaker/microphone ...
IC*228A 25w 2m FM/TTP mic (Sp
IC-228H 45w 2m FM/TTP scan mrc
tC 448A 25w 440 FM/TTP mic,.,..,
U1'40 Pocket beep functton ......
IC'9CK)A Transceiver controller......
B^IbI)
Regular SALE
549.00 369^^
145.00 134*^
34.99
35.99
469 00 379"
499 00 439"
509.00 449"
59.00
39.50
46.00
34 00
509,00 429^^
539,00 479^^
509.00 449"
45.00
639,00 569*^
IC-900A Transceiver controller with UX-29H
2IT1/25W and UX-39A 220/25W band units.
Package Price • $949^
■».»+. . . .
1 4 » * < . . .
liX-19A 10m lOwbandumt.
IJX-29A 2m 25w band unit,..
UX-29H 2m 45w band unit .,.
UX^39A 220MH? 25W band unit....
UX'59A 6m lOw unit..........
UX'129A 1.2GHz lOW band unit....
IC 901 Fiber Optic 2m/440 xcvf
IC'1200A lOw, l2GHz FMf£faMwf>
IC'2500A 440/1200MHZ f M mobile
IC-3210A 25w 2m/440 FWTTP
IC-2400A 45w 2m/35w 440 FM/TTP
AH 32 2m/440 Dual Band mobile ant
AHB-32 Trunklip mount
Lars*o PO-K Root mount •
Larstn PO-TiM ffunk-lip mount..,..
larsen PO-MM Magnetic mount
RP-1510 25w2m repeater
RP*2210 220MH;25wrptrfSMdiO...
W4210 l2GHz lOw 99 cti FM fpti,.,,.
299.00 269'^
299.00 269"
349.00 319"
349 00 299^^
34900 3 1 9' '
549.00 499'*
1199.00 1069
699 00 599*^
99900
739.00
899.00
39,00
39.00
23.00
24 70
28.75
1B49.00
1649.00
153.00
869"
649"
7er^
1S49
1399
1349
Due to tfie %m of the fCOM product fine, soiree accessory
items are not listed. If vou have a Question, please call. All
prices shown are subject to cnattie witliout notice,
Top Trades ! • We'll take your
Clean Late Model gear in trade
towards New ICOM Equipment.
Write or Cstt for our Quote Today!
AES® • Om 32 YB$n in Afltsfesr M$
USE
YOUH
CREOfT
CARP
H and -held i
IC-2A 2m HT (Chteoui)
IC-2AT 2m/FTP (Clm)
IC'02AT/H*gti Power,,.
iC-O4AT440 (€lm&9f)
1Cu2AT 2m (Chsmsf)
raj-
Regular SALE
2S900 259'^
319 00 279*^
409.00 349"
449 00 3S9"
329.00 279«
Extra Battery! . , .
BP 23 &O0fna/8.4V • NO CHARGE
with purch.ase of IC-u2AT
IC-2SA
2fflMT
IC'U4AT AAdfCkmnf}
IC'2SA 2m HT
(C2SAT 2mHT/TTP...
IC-3SAT 220 HT/TTP
IC-4SAT 440 HT/TTP
IC-2GAT 2m HT/HP
»C46AT 440Mh2. TTP
IC 32AT 2m/440 HT
369.00
41900
43900
449.00
449.00
42900
449.00
199"
369*^
389"^
399"
399"
379"
399"
629.00 549*-
IC'12AT Iw 12GHz m HT/HP (Sptek^ 473.00 349"
IC-12GAT Iw 12GH1 HT/batt/cgr/HP 529.00 469"
, V «. « 1 1 t
Regular SALE
525.00 479"
625,00 569"
Regular
Aircraft bsnd handhetds
A-Z 5W PEP syntti. aircraft HT...
A-20 Synth, aircraft HT w/VOR
Accessories for sH exa^fH micros
BP 7 425mah/13.2V Nicad Pak ■ use 60^35 79 00
BP-8 800m3h/S.4V Nicad Pak - use BC-35... 79.00
BC-35 Drop in desk charger for all batteries 79.00
BC'I6U Wall chareer for 6P7/8P8., 21.25
LC-ll Vmyl ca&e lof DIx using 8P 3 .,,.,.,.„. 20.50
LC44 Vmyl case lor DU using 8P'7/8 20.50
LC-02AT Leather case for Dlx modeJs w/6P'7/8 54.50
.^ccestoWe* for fC and tC-O sertes Refular
BP-2 425mah/7.2V Nod Pah ■ us€ BC35.... 49 00
BP-3 Extra Sid. 250 mah/8.4V Nicad Pak „., 39 50
BP-4 Alkaline battery case ,..,. 1600
eP-5 425mah/10,8V Njcad Pak ■ use BC35 65.00
CP-1 Cig lighter plug/cord for BP3 or DIx.... 13.65
CP LO Battery separation cable w/clip........ 22.50
DC-1 DC operation pak for standard models 24.50
MB-16D Mobile mtg bkt forall HTs.. 25.99
LC-2A! Leather case for standard modds 54.50
HII-9 Speaker microphone .....,..,. 47.00
HS'lO Boom mic!ophone/head$et 24.50
KS-tOSA VoK unit tot HSiO & Deluxe only 24.50
HS'tOSB Pn uml for HSIO 24.50
For other HT Accessories not fisted please CALL
Receivers Regular SALE
R-71A lOOkHz to 301VI Hz receiver $999,00 869*^
RC-IL Intra red remote controller.... 70,99
FL-32A 500 Hz CW [liter....
FL^63A 250HzCWhllertlsllF).....
FL-44A SSB filter (2nd iF) ,
EK-310 Voice synthesizer....*..*,....
CR-64 High stability osctllator xtal
SP-3 External ^peakot ^**.<
CK*70(EX299) 12V DC option......
MB 12 Mobile mount..........
R-7000 25MHz -2GHz rcvr fS^9— » 1199,00 999»*
RC-12 Intra red remote controller.... 70.99
EX-310 Voice synthesizer. ** 59,00
TV-R7000 ATVunit. 139,00 129"
AH 7000 Radiating antenna.......... 99.00
R-9O00 100KHz-2GHz allmodercvr ... 545900 4699
69.00
59.00
178,00 159"
49,00
59 00
7900
65.00
12.99
25.99
HOURS • Mon. thru Fn. 9-5:30; Sat 9-3
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Order Toll Free: 1-800-558-0411
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AMATEUR ELECTRONIC SUPPIY
Number 7 dn your Feedback card
Two Meter Mobile Rig
Turn yourHT into a40W, 2m mobile rig.
by Mike Gray N8KDD
The F rob I cm
For several monlhs I had been using my 2
meter HI as a mobile rig, h worked, but [
coiiiptained trequenlly about the low RF
power, poor audio quality in a mobile envi-
ronment, and the tiny extension mierophtjne.
I really wanted a rugged mobile rig* but I
couldn't jusiity the expense.
The Answer
My solution was to consiruet a **iTiGdule**
consisting of an RF power amplifier, a com-
fortable microphone, and a large speaker.
Construction was easy and the cost low. I was
able to salvage several of the components.
The enelosure is an extruded aluminum
box with removable panels and circuit board
slots. The external dimensions are 6.5 L x
5.5W X 2.5 D. You c^n buy a similar enclo-
sure at the larger electronic supply houses or
through the mail.
I simply drilled appropriately-sized holes
in the end panel for the connecttirs and perfo-
rated the top panel to serve as a speaker grill.
Amplirii^r Assembly
The amplifier is a kit from Ramsey Elec-
tronics. Pertbrmance is just as advertised,
and assembly was easy, I have a few com-
pkiintSt however.
The instructions arc complete* but not
clear. The text is partially handwritten, and if
you follow the order of component installa-
tion* you end up having to do some de solder-
ing. It's best to lit the pans on the board first,
then decide on the ordcrof assembly . I found
that the kit came together the most easily in
this order:
1 ) RF transistor
2) Trimmer capacitors
3 1 Inductors (coils)
4) Coaxial cable
I also bought the optiotial RF^scnsed
relay kit, which includes a nice pre*
tinned circuit board. The relay in the kit
will work, but I decided not to use it
because it appeared to be too fragile for
the task. The terminals wet% loose in
the base, and tt was difficutt to distin-
guish one contact set from another. I
used a better looking (and more expen-
sive) relay obtained, along with the alu-
minuni enclosure^ from Newark Elec-
tronics, 480) N. Ravens wood Ave.,
Chicago, IL 60640-1084; (312)^784-
5KK). The relay is a general purpose
type made by Potter Brum Held.
it is in^ponani to install a large alu-
minum heal sink on the amplifier board
and attach it to the enclosure,
22 73 Amsfeur Radio • December. 1989
Speaker and Relay
I installed a 3-inch speaker in the aluminum
enclosure, attaching it with butyl tape. This
installation method may raise a few eye-
brows, but it\s really a very good way to
mount a speaker to an irregular surface. Butyl
tape is a bead of very sticky rubber compound
used to install windshields. Most glass shops
use less than one roll per job, so they have
many partial rolls as scrap. A whole roll costs
about five dollars, and it has many uses. Cut
butyl tape only with a pair of diagonal cutters.
The tape will stick to scissors, and you can't
tear it off.
Peel some tape off the roll and siiick it
around the perimeter of the speaker. Deter-
mine placement in the enclosure, then care-
fully press the speaker into place. Be sure you
have it in the right place before pressing —
removal is difficult!
The relay I chose has 4 contact sets. Only
two were needed for the RF, so I used the
other two for TX RX indicators. I used two
LEDs bceau.se I had them, but one LED
which would change color as a function of
polarity would be neater,
TheMfcrophiifie
You'll likely pul! a mike off of an old CB
rig. Most CB microphones are 600-8(KJQ.
Measure the resistance of an unknown mike
with an ohmmeter. The PTT switch and mi-
crophone element are in series, and the cor-
rect pins can he determined by finding the
two which have a resistance of 600-8000
with the PTT switch depressed for take it
apart and lot>k at il), Yaesu HTs have an
audio input impedance of 2 200D, Consult the
Parts List
1 power amplifier kit
Ramsey Electronics PA^i
1 RF sensed relay kit
Ramsey Bectronics TR-1
1 atuminym enclosure
1 SO speaker . 3-irtch
RS 40-248
1 mtcropl^one
RS 21-1172
1 S0239 bu 1 k head connector
RS 278-201
1 miniature phone plug
RS 274-286
1 submi mature phone plug
RS 274-289
1 chassis mount micfophone
connector
RS 274-002
1 BNC socket, bulkhead type
RS 278-105
2 coaxial power jacks
RS 274-1563
2 coaxiaJ power plugs
RS 274-1569
1 dual color LED
1 1600Q resistor
V* watf
1 6200 resistor
i^watt*
1 BNC patch cable
NPN
1 18-tnchienglh RG-53
coaxial cable
RS 278-1326
1 5-inch length of RG^1 74
coaxial cable
optional
(RG-S8 will work just finej
' Not critical Improvise, if rtecessaryf
manufacturer or owner's manual for the input
impedance of other radios. Then* add a resis-
tor between the radio and microphone* equal
to the difference between the impedance of
the microphone and the impedance of the
radio.
[n my case, I had to install a 1 ,6kn resistor
in series to match the mdio*s 2.2kD input
impedance:
Audio input impedance
— Microphone impedance
— Resistor value
22O0O - 600O = 1 600O
The pin assignments arc industry' standard.
Connect the pins on the left side (as viewed
from the pin-end of the cord connector) of the ..
index key to the audio input ( see Figu re 1 >. J
I then removal the mike connector, speak-
er, and SO-239 connector from the CB radio,
and gav c the rest of il to m\ nine-y earmold son
for funher disassembly. If you have to buy ■
these componenLs, they shouldn't cost more
than 20-25 doilars.
Final Assembly
I used a dry cell case to connect the radio to
a 12 volt source on the amplifier hoard. The
case is easy to drill, and a coaxial power jack
fits nicely in the side. I used the same size
power jack for both the dry cell case and the
power connector on the enclosure, so I could
use the radio on tow power without the ampli-
fier.
I have 3 different types of cables which
provide a 12 volt source. All three have a
coaxial power connector on one eiKJ, One
cable has a lighter pi tig, another has alligator
clips, and the third is hard^wired and
rcmainsin the truck.
I have more than one HT* so I decid-
ed to mount one semi -permanently . us-
ing double-adhesive foam. Though
well-secured* I can remove it easily if 1
have to. There are many more ways to
mount the radio, such as with hook-
and-loop fasteners, or even attaching a
soft case to the enclosure so you can slip
the radio in and out.
I now have a reliable 40 watt mobile
radio with excellent audio and a tnicro-
phone that won't get lost or inadver-
tently keyed, (I later added a simple
switch in series with the relay coil to
provide a high/low power selection-)
Using some salvaged ci>mpi>nents. the
total cost was $44. Not bad at all for
mobile QRO from an HT!
You mux cofmui Mike Gray N8KDD at
465 W. Maple Rd. . Milford Ml 48042.
ma :;;:?=•
RG-5S
ttaVDC fUSED (fQAJ
CHASSIS
C0Nt4£CTOffS
ALUMIMUM
ENCLOSURE
Figure /. Schematic for the HT booster. Cost for all the parts is less than $50!
Photo A. N8KDD s mobile station setup. The Hi is the Yaesu 23R.
Photo B, fnside the 40W booster.
d^valsnd Inefcilsuto
of Electronics
Accredited Member National Home Study Ccwncil
CIE is the world's largest independent
study electronics schooL We offer ten
courses covering basic electronics to
advanced digital and microprocessor
technology* An Associate in Applied
Science in Electronics Engineering
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^^ - ^B Clevel^ind lnst:itute of Ekctnofiics
CI E 1 776 Easr 1 7Eh St.. Cleveland. Ohio 441H
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73 Amateur Radio * December, 1989 23
tstumber S on your Feedback card
Poor Boy Satellite Station
Coat-hanger hamsat operation!
by Allan J. Fox IV N5LKJ
r
My satellite chasing began
about a year ago, when Cad
Koiila WD5JRD, my neighbor,
asked me to attend the Houston
COM-VENTION ^87 with him.
There I met Jack Douglas
KA5DNP and Andy MacAliistcr
WASZFB who were giving a talk on
amateur sateHites. Jack explained
that the Russian satellites RS-10/1 1
were in a nearly circular, tow earth
orbit, and did not require expensive
equipment or elaborate antennas to
operate.
Although I am only a neophyte
sateliite chaser, I have the satisfac-
tion of having helped several hams
become avid satcUite enthusiasts on
a limited budget.
Original Ground Plane
Antenna Station
My station at the time consisted
of a 25 Watt, 2 meter all-mode
transceiver and a home-brewed
ground plane antenna in the attic,
similar to one men-
tioned in the ARRL
Hafidbook, I built my
antenna in about fif-
teen minutes out of
five coaE hangers and
a used SO-239 chas-
sis connector. The to-
tal cost was less than
a dollar.
First, T cut the
hooks off the five
coat hangers and
straightened them
out, forming five straight pieces of coated
steel wire. To allow a good electrical connec-
tion^ I put one end of each wire into the hot
coals in our fireplace to burn the paini off.
The next step was to solder the bare end
of one of these wires into the center conductor
of an SO-239 chassis connector to form a
vertical radiator. Then, with the aid of
needle-nose pliers, I bent a loop in the bare
end of the other four wires. This allowed
me to attach them to the mounting holes in
the SO-239 with four §6-32 W machine
screws and nuts. These wires were then
bent down at a 45 degree angle to serve as
radials.
At this point all that remained was to cut
24 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
Two-meter home-brew ground plane antenna.
Frequencies of RS-1 0/1 1 ,
Mode A
Transponder RS-10
Downlink (MHz)
uplink {MHz)
Beacon
29.357
Transponder bandpass
29.360-.400
Transponder RS^1 1
14S.S60-.900
Downiintk
Uplink
Beacon
29.407
Transponder bandpass
29.410^.450
1 45.91 0-.950
all the wires to the proper length. With a tape,
I measured each radial 20-3/16 inches and
cut them. Then I measured the vertical
radiator 19-5/16 inches and cut it. Since
I intended to hang this antenna in the attic, I
had to cut an extra Vi inch from the vertical
and install a ring lug to use as a hanger.
However, yoti could just as easily bend an
eye in it.
Now, it was time to connect the feed line
and check the standing wave ratio (SWR),
Without any adjustments, the SWR stayed
below 2: i throughout the band.
Total investment in this antenna was less
than $1.00 and about fifteen minutes con-
struction time.
Now for tlie Downlink
According to Jack and Andy's
presentation, my station contained
half the requirements to work RS-
lO/U— the uplink on Mode A.
Since Mode A is 2 meters upper
sideband, or CW uplink, with a 10
meter downlink, all I needed was a
10 meter receiver and antenna,
I bought an old Swan 350B
transceiver for $50. All I needed
was a iO meter antenna to get on
RS-10/ 11!
While searching the garage for
antenna materials, I found an old
piece of 12/2 type NM wire, more
commonly called Romex. I
stripped the Romex to bare copper,
and attached it to shon pieces of
PVC pipe used as insulators. After
making a simple 10 meter dipoie
antenna, I stretched it in the attic
and connected it to the Swan, My
Poor Boy Satellite Station was al-
most ready to go on the air!
Fiftding and
Working the Birds
There are several
ways to do this. The
first and easiest is to
ask an avid satellite
enthusiast when and
where the next good
orbit for your QTH
will be. Another
method is to use a
computer with the
appropriate soft-
ware. (See tht; May *89 issue of 75 for com-
parisons of different tracking programs.) We
didn*t have a computer in our household, but
we did have a calculator. Therefore, my
method w^as to tune in the beacon frequency
and wail until I heard it. This can be tedious,
but I have done it several times.
First, tune in 29.357 MHz for the RS-10
beacon, and wait until you hear the beacon
transmitting a series of dots and dashes. This
indicates that the satellite is in your '* win-
dow "—that is, your range. You need to work
fast because with the optimum pass (direct
overhead pass) you will have oniy 20 minutes
with the bird. Note the time and tune through
the downlink band, 29.360-29.400 MHz,
Nuinber 1 £ on your FeeifiMcfc canJ
73 Review
by Larry R. Antonuk WB9RRT
Breadblox
Breadboarding System
Experimenters, take note!
Elenco Electronics
1 50 West Carpenter Avenue
Wheeling IL 60090
(312)541--3800
Pric^ Class: $19-$29 pef unit
t' « « 4 » * i * » • *' * * 4 i 1*4*4
m^U^
^. ■■ J
I 4*
* * # +*•*• •««•• * * m* m
'J^PS f^ '^v?I^V»
0 . IW 4
••
m j»_^ Mil
vm
iJ^IKSQ
hl4#
t»i
I. • •
II
I*
•4 n
• Kj '4fl|
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i i
ntnpilii
• « B^* •«•«• •«fl-B4^ViV' M^ wVAi* *4V«» V**!! «t ■«■«■ *■•■* ««.*•• •■«*• •«•«» ••lk*« **»«■ a***!
t f • -^ ■ ■ I r-^^*
• **#>i«*«* #1^ a^tCT. t w «|p|; -s^*********
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4*l««V*B»«*i'*««''«*l*4*»*«B •# *
#i*>-fi-l--l
■*'•*•'«*'*' '^^a 1 ■ « ■ B ■ B 'I^V ■ B a • -I ■ 1 •• «■*■■« -■■ JU 4 ^
i*i*4 i*i*i * I tilt wm*t* «»«*« «Vii>B «*■** dP^id
Hi '|^dif X * t
IIP •
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kV?
«ft
It
r/?e comptete six^tox Bwadbtox system— a circuit expeiimenter's paradise!
It's probably been quite a while since any-
one '"breadboarded" up a circuit on an ac-
tual breadboard, but the name ^s still with us.
Since that time, experimenters have tried
spnng-loaded clips, styrofoam blocks, you
name it— anything to make it easier to test
circuit ideas, The current state-oRhe-hobby is
represented by the white rectangular "proto
boards/' those interconnected wonders that
eagerfy accept DIP ICS- These boards even
come in desktop enclosures, complete with
power supplies, function generators, and sev*
eral-hundred-dollar price tags. Prebuilt bread-
board working stations are great, provided
you have the cash and the room to store them
in. But what about the guy who doesn't have
space in the apartment to set up a work-
bench? Or the tow-budget hobbyist? Is he
sttick with his flea market function generator
and "proto board," taped to the kitchen table?
Every once in a whtle« someone comes
along with a blend of existing ideas that solves
several different problems at once. The engi-
neers at Elenco Etecuonics have done just
that. They've taken the plain old "proto
tK>ard** and spun rt together with some space
age surface-mount technology. The result rs a
series of "Fynction Blox" that snap onto their
regular ''proto boards."
The benefits are many. The Breadblox sys-
tem is small — four different Function Blox and
two Bread Biox {proto boards) will collapse
into the same space as a small paperback
book. Breadblox all interlock, making for an
integrated, easy to move system (an important
point for apartment dwetlers). They're inex-
pensive, but provide quality performance. Un-
like complete breadboarding systems, Bread*
btox can be purchased one piece at a time. If
you already have 3 logie probe there's no
need to pay for another— j^st buy what you
need.
''Having this
much capability at
your fingertips makes
breadboarding fun
again/'
The Btox
There are six different Function Blox. identi-
cal in form and color to a standard proto board.
The system is powered by a small Power Blox.
This snaps to the other Blox, and provides + 5,
-5. and + 1 2 volts for design use and to power
the other modules. (The pov/er is actually pro-
duced by a plug-in wall transformer, connect-
ed by a cable.)
Resistor and capacitor decade boxes are
also available. Twenty resistance values from
47Q to 1 megohm are available, along with a
100k pot. The Capacitor Blox provides 20
caps from 47pF to TO tiF. Unlike the standard
decade box configuration, these units have
more than one output. The Resistor Blox has
an output for the low values, one for the high
values, and one for the pot. The Capacitor
BloK has a high and low output, and a 1 pF and
10 pF fixed output. This means that you can
actually use four caps at once from one
decade Bk>x,
As far as active devices go , the Digital Ck>ck
Blox provides a system dock function. Output
frequencies from 1 Hz to 50 MHz are avail-
able. In addition, you can lock the untt to an
external crystal of your choice. The Function
Generator Blox produces sine and square
waves from 0*1 Hz to 1 MHz. and can t>e
frequency or amplitude modulated. And, if you
don't have your own logic prot>e. the Logic
Probe Blox consists of a 1 .5 MHz k^gic probe,
and four LEO logic level indicators.
The Elenco Electronics Breadblox system
is a low-cost, high-quality, well-designed
product. Having this much capability at your
fingertips makes breadboarding fun again.
And who knows, maybe in fifty years we'll alt
tje^bloxing" up our circuits!
tarry Antonuk W&9RRT has written nunmr-
ous reviews on test equipment and etecUonlcs
books for 73 Magazine. He currently works as
a project manager for a iand mobile service
shop in Keene NH, Contact hfm at 29 Forrest
Dr. P.O. Box 452, Martborough NH 03455.
73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989 25
N um be r 9 o n youf Feedback card Con turned from page 24
73 Book Review
by Andy MacAUister WAS7JB
Communications
Satellites
A Monitor's Guide
Communications Saieliiics— A Monitor's Guide
by Larry V'ju Horn
Third Edition, 1987
Grove Enterprises
POBox98
Brasslown NC 28902
Where can you find more satelltte data?
Righl in Larry Van Horn's third edition of
Ccmmiunivatloas SaitdUes, Within the large paper-
backus 255 pages. Larry covers virtuaJly every
type of space communications from bamsats lo the
Soviet manned^^pace program. Detailed in forma-
tion on any satellite, whether ii*j^ historical infor-
mation on Telsiar I or cumeni miUtar}- FleeLsatcom
fnsqucncy data, is right here. For thoi^^e nine items
thai may have slipped by the author, there are
dozens of references included in the appendi?^.
Complete Coverage
Even if you're familiar with smell iic monitoring,
don't pass up the first chapter. The mater ta I may
surprise you willi its complete explanation of satel-
lite monitoring needs. Although it's written so the
newcomer won't get losl^ it also presents informa-
tion everyone needs for successful listening. Re-
ceivers, antennas, and accessories are examined
for modcji from CW to TV* and for frequencies
from the low MHz through the high GHz.
Of particular interest to hams is the section on
the amateur satellite program. There is remark-
ably accurate and complete historical coverage
from the birth of OSCAR 1 (Orbiting Satellite
Carrying Amateur Radio) to the frequency charts
of AMSAT OSCAR 13. Since the bi^^k^s publica-
tion date two years ago. a few AMSAT nets have
changed, but the 20 meter net h a constant source
of up-to-date haittsat news every Sunday at I90D
UTC on 14.282 MHz.
Spsice \ fissions V\^ll-]Jocurnented
The ham-in*space activities of Owen Ganiott
W5LFL and Tony England W0ORE arc well-
documented. The sometimes forgotten misa^ion of
DF0SL on the Challenger shuttle h explained tn
detaJL along with little-known facts about the ob-
scure Russian ISKRA hantsats.
I found my ^If enthralled with the eiiapters de-
scribing weather j^lelliies and domestic TV satei-
tites. The abuinlant use ut photon and figures makes
a dnimatic presentation. The equipment require-
ments listing for weather and TV satellite monitor-
ing is &ketchy« but satellite frequencies and trans-
mission format listings are quite complete.
Material covering the mi^inned space programs of
the US and the Soviet Union is exciting, aitd in-
26 73 Amateur Radio • December. 1989
Communications -^C
SATEUifES -. ^
liidO
Thtfd
Lanv Van Horn
spires an urgent de.sirc lo listen in. While the Soviet
Mir space station activities on 145.55 MHz are too
recent for coverage in the book, many of the fre-
quencies used for normal communications to
ground stations with official mission operations arc
listed and their purposes explained.
Intercepting the Military
The lure of catching transmissions from US
military satellites is satisfied by the lists of frequen^
cies used by the various branches of the armed
services for both communications and remote de-
tection satellites. A Yaesu FRG-9600or an ICOM
IC-7000 covers the UHF bands.
InfoTination on the Soviet unmanned satellites is
hard to find. In one chapter, the author ha^ com-
piled enough historical data mixed with pertionai
observations to help the enthusiast to ferret out
Russian signals from space and identify them.
Many of the frequencies used by the Soviets are
available on reasonably priced VHF receivers,
Geoffrey Perry, of the now^famous satellite
sleuthing Kettertng Group in England, has spent
over three dec^ides pursumg Soviet and Eastern
Bloc satellites.
Hh infltience is apf^ient rn this section of the
book. The satellite histor\ and compelling volume
of satellite data overshadow the somewhat disorga-
nized presentation of some chapters and the rather
curious typesetting flaws. After the first reading,
the book becomes an invaluable reference.
With frequency lists that go from low HF to
^Hight/* jtist paging through the appendix is capti-
vating, Christmas is coming. Put this book on your
list, or t)etter yet. buy it now and tell Santa about
some new rigs and antennas
while listening for QSOs. Catlsigns of bird
usei^ will usually give you an idea whether
the satellite's orbit is tracking from north to
south or from south to north. Each orbit pro-
gresses 26.4 degrees west of the preceding
orbit. Also, each orbit takes 105 minutes.
Now tune the radic^ to 145,870 MHz CW
uplink and 29,380 MHz downlink* and put on
a head^t. Since satellite operation is full
duplex, wearing a headset is a good practice.
Feedback can be unbearable without one.
Second, transmit your callsign. and then
send a siring of dots on CW— just long
enough to find your signal. Adjust the down-
link frequency for the best copy. Keep the
string of dits as short as possible so that, if
you discover your downlink is on top of a
QSO, ymi QRM that QSO for no longer than
absolutely necessary . Adjust your uplink fre-
quency up or down, following with the down-
link tuning tn step until you find a clear down-
link channel. Now you are ti:ady to call CQ
and stand by for your first satellite QSO. If
you want to operate phone, be sure to change
to the USB mode.
Doppler shift is minimaK but noticeable,
on Mode A. You will hear sotnc frequency
shift of your signaL and you'll have to com-
pensate your downlitik frequency slightly . A
linle practice^ and youTl be accurately guess-
ing the location of the downlink signal,
Siinijnan'
RS-10/1 1 are low-orbit satellites (only 600
miles up)— one of the reasons why you can
work them with a simple setup. On one occa-
sion my Swan was in for repair, and while a
friend was tuning it, we copied a QSO on
RS- 1 1 . The Swan was connected only to a
dead-end piece of RG-S8 coax in his attic with
no antenna. Although a preamp helps for RS
operation, you usually don't need it.
These satellites do have some drawbacks.
Since they are in a low orbit above the earth,
the optimum pass gives you only 20 minutes
of access to the bird. Definitely not much
lime for ragchewing! I have made, however^
as many as four contacts on a pass. Also due
lo the low orbit, the satellite '^footprint''—
the area on Earth from which hamsaiters can
access the bird at a given point in the orbit-
has a radius of only 1500 miles. Even with
dial, however, you can work most stateside
hams to get WAS (Worked All States) via
these birds from my QTH near Houston*
Te?Las, and trom other mid-western states.
RS-10/1 1 have several modes of operation
other than Mode A* such as Mode K, Mode
T. combination Modes KA and KT, and the
ROBOT (or QSO machine). However, I have
no experience with these. Remember, the
control on license-class requirements is the
uplink frequency! This makes it possible for
even a Novice to operate CW when RS-IO is
in either Mode K or Mode T.
Good luck! And don't laugh at my poor boy
operation. At 10162 on 25 November 1988,
with only 25 Watts into the coat hangers, I
made contact and had a QSO with Musa Man-
arov U2MIR on 145 550 MHz FM direct,
while he was on board the Russian Space
Station Mir. Sec you on RS- 10/ 1 1 !
ii
>^
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RS^35M
RS-50M
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VS--M AND VRM-M SERIES
Separate Volt and Amp Metsrs * Output Voltage adjustable from 2-15 volts * Current limit adjustable from 1 .5 amps
to Full Load
MODEL
VS-IZM
VS-20M
VS-35M
VS-50M
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'ICS— in tef mitten f Communication Service (50% Doty Cycle 5m*n- on 5 min. off)
CIRCLE IS ON DEADER SERVICE CARD
Humbei' 10 on your Feedback card
73 Review
by Michael Jay Geier KBl UM
The ICOM IC-2SAT
JCOM Amenca. (nc.
2380-116mAve. N.E.
Bellevue WA 98004
Tel. (206) 454-7619
Price Class: $440
One of the world's smallest full-featured HTs.
Can a walkle ever be too smalF? Not as far
as this op is concerned. The snrTaller the
better! So t was especially excited to get to try
out a littte beauty, the new ICOM tC-2SAT.
The operative word here is "wow." The pic-
tures in the ads don't do justice to the com-
pactness of this thing. At first gfance, it looks
like a toy. H doesn't feel like one< thougti. The
front is firm plastic, and the back is metal and
serves as the heatsink for the RF output stage
(as with most new rigs). The radio is very solid
and, at about 10 ounces (!)« ft seems hefty for
its SiZB. ft is somewhat thicker than most smalf
rigs, and has a contoured, sculpted shape,
resulting in an unusual, but attractive, appear-
ance. It fits beautifully in your hand, JCOM has
pafd great attention to the cabinet design, and
it shows, the fit and finish being the best I have
yet seen in a mini-rig.
After *'wow/* your next thought may be,
"Where's the battery?" Indeed, there is no
battery included in the shippmg box. This ra*
dio has an INTERNAL battery. Yep, this tiny
HT is totally self-contained! It has only a 300
mA-hour capacity, though, so ICOM wisely
offers optional batteries, in various voltages
and current ca pad ties, which snap on the t>ot*
tom of the rig in the convenitonaf manner.
Good Looking with Nice Touches
The supplied rubber duck is thin, flexible,
and somewhat longer than most provided with
today's small rr^. In fact, it is slrghtly longer
than the entire radio. No doubt, il has a bit
more gain (perhaps less loss Is a better de-
scription) than the * 'stubby" ducks usually
employed, and that's important here because
the rig is rated at only 1 ^/z watts output on high
power with the internal battery. The package
includes a belt clip (though 1 can't imagine
wanting to put such a small rig anywhere but
in a pocket), a wrist straps wall charger, and a
fairly well-written manual with a full schemat*
ic. Afso included fs a crib sheet, a very handy
item with a rig this complex. Various options,
from the batteries to speaker-mikes and carry-
ing cases, are available.
The top of the radio has the antenna con-
nector, squelch, votume, and "dial" knobs.
Also located on top are the DC input, mike,
and earphone jacks. The DC jack permits di-
rect operation up to 16 volts (meaning you can
piug it into your car cigarette lighter or a DC
power supply) and internal battery charging.
On tfie rig's left side are round, rubberized
PTT and FUNCTION buttons^ which have an es-
pecially nice feel The light button, which is
also used for a few seldom-performed pro-
gramming operations, is on the right side. The
mike and speaker are located In the middle.
with the keypad below them. The keypad has
very tiny keys, but they are welf separated
from each other and easy to press. They are
afso set in from the front, making accidental
keypresses unlikely. It's a nice touch.
Readout Display
The LCD is uety large and easy to read.
although it loses contrast untess viewed from
the bottom. The display shows frequency, ±
offset (called "duplex"), memory channel
number, power output selection, S-units, arKJ
other assorted operaimg data. It is a 5'/^ digit
display, with no "0" or "5" at the end of the
frequency. To display frequencies ending in a
5, a small "50" appears. Many new rigs are
taking this approach, and I do not see the
advantage: a fully displayed frequency avoids
ambtguity and is easier to read.
For night operation, a press of the light
button illuminates the display with an unusual
deep reddish-orange color generated by two
LEOs. one on each side of the LCD. It's very
pretty, but not overly bright. II should be ade-
quate In most situations. The lamp circuit has
a timer that keeps the display lit for a few
seconds after the last keypress, or you can
turn it off manually by pressing the ught but-
ton again. The keypad buttons do not light up.
Alternate Frequency Entry
Another recent trend has been toward the
inclusion of a "dial" knob on top of the rig. and
this is a good thing. It began with the Yaesu
FT-23R, which did not have direct keypad fre-
quency entry, making the knob essentiaL
Now. even direct-entry rigs like the IC-2SAT
have the knobs, and they are very handy, per*
mitting easy selection of memories and CTC-
SS tones, as well as an alternate method of
frequency entry.
This rig has provisions for CTCSS boards
(an encoder or encoder/decoder) and a DTMF
decoder. Neither is included. The new DTMF
feature permits coded squelch using the tones
generated by any rig with a keypad. Thus, you
can use it to ignore any station not transmit-
ting your personal code. You can use it with
multiple codes, and even display them on the
LCD so you know who's calling! This could
prove very handy in large cities where re-
peater overcrowding makes continuous moni-
toring tedious To my knowledge, the IC*2SAT
is the first handheld to incorporate such a
decoder.
Memory Management
The rig has 4B memories which store fre-
quency and offset including a handy ''calf"
memory accessible with one keypress. They
r _
^ -. I
The tCOM IC-2SAT, the uiiimalB in miniatur-
izatton.
are fix-tuned. That is. they cannot be used like
separate VFOs. {The contents of any memory
can easily be transferred to the VFO» though,)
The first 10 can hold odd offsets, but not inde-
pendently entered RX and TX frequencies;
you must know the offset The other memories
use whatever offset has been programmed
into the VFO. The choice of up or down* of
course, remains independent.
Memory management, white fairly flexible,
is also a bit unusual. There are four banks of
1 0 memories each. To get to a memory in your
cun^ent t>ank, all you need to do ts press its
numljer on the keypad. (You must, of course,
be in memory mode first.) To get to a memory
in another bank, use the dial knob to step
through all the memones in between, or press
the MR key until the bank appears. Once you
have selected the memory bank, enter the last
digit from the keypad.
Here"s an example: You are at memory 3
and you want to go to 28. Press mr key until the
"tens" digit becomes a 2. Then press 8 on the
keypad. It's a bit less convenient than simply
pressing "28" and then mr, but it's not hard to
get used to.
Skipping and Scanning
Memories can be skip-scanned or hidden
entirety. They can also be used to make the
73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989 29
VFO skip certain frequencies during band
scanning, another feature I had never seen
before. In fact, the frequencies of memories
set for skip-scan will also be skipped during
VFO scan. Il seems like a good idea, bul ii
doesn't really work too well because the rig
stops on adjacent frequencies.
The IC-2SAT has several kinds of scanning,
including full-band scan, programmabie lirnit-
ed-band scan, memory scan and priority
watch. Memohes are scanned at about 3 per
second, a bil slow by today*s standards. (VFO
scanning is significantly faster, but still not
zippy .) A twist of the dial knob lets you change
scan drreciion at wiil All memories are
scanned together, as if in one bank. You can
mix modes For example, you can have the
priority watch check a new memory each time
it checks, combining memory scan and priori-
ty watch in one operation.
In Addition. . .
You can set the automatic power-off feature
to shut the fig down after 20. 40 or 60 minutes
of inactivity. It warns you with four beeps, and
Ihe warning works even if the keypad beeper
ts shut off. The beeper, by the way, is soft and
unobtrusive. 11 is one of the few made today
that I like to keep turned on.
The timer function includes a reaf-time
clock, and you can set it to turn the radio on at
a preset time. The battery saver interval can
be set for y% second, 2 seconds, or off. This
seems a bit limited. A choice of around one
second would have been nice.
Where most HTs have a reve/se button, the
IC'2SAT has one called moni. On simplex, it
simply opens the squelch. When youVe using
an offset, however, it shifts to the TX frequen-
cy too! It's nice if you want to check the input
frequency of a repeater. If, on the other hand,
you just want to open the squelch because the
repeater's sigr^al is weak, you'll have to use
the squelch knob. Also, you cannot transmit
on the reversed frequency pair, as you can
with a normal reverse switch.
The rig has a 10-number by 15-digil autodi-
aTter. While sending, it keeps the rig keyed for
the duration of the number, even if you let go
of the PTT. Also, you hear the tones as ihey are
transmitted. Programming numbers is faiHy
stfatghtfonAfard, but sending them is not. If you
happen to have already selected the auto-
dialler memory you want, then you simply
press the dtmf button with the ptt down, and
the number is sent. If, however, you need a
different number, you must first go to dtmf
memory mode, select the desired memory,
exit that mode, press ptt and then dtmf. This
requires five keystrokes, nearly as many as
most numbers! This complexity limits the use-
fulness of the autodialler unless you usually
use only one number anyway.
Radio Performance
The receiver, which covers 138-174 MHz.
is very good. It is reasonably sensitive and
selective, and the sensitivity holds up very
well outside the ham band. The received au-
dto sounds surprisingly good tor the size of the
rig. An experiment with a Kaboom Audio En-
hancer (see the Yaesu FT-41 1 review on page
30 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
14 of the June "89 issue of 73) improved the
audio even more, but the enhancer probably
isn't necessary with this radio.
The transmitter, which covers 140-150
MHz, IS rated at 1 ,5 watts output on high pow-
er when you are using the internal battery. At
1 3.8 volts, you get more than live watts output.
Reports regarding the transmitted audio sug-
gest that it is clear, but a bit tin ny and underde-
viated. Overall, il was considered quite ac-
ceptable, but not great. It may be that the
deviation is an adjustable parameter, bul I
have no way to know.
Nit Picks
This rig has many advanced features, some
common ones seem to have been left out.
There is no low-battery warning of any kind.
When the battery dies, attempts to transmit
result in a flashing display, with no RF output.
At that point, of course, it's too late.
In addition, there is no auto (ARRL band
plan) repeater shift, a common feature on new
HTs. Here, you must set the offset memory.
Speaking of repeater shifts, offsets are avail-
able only in 25 kHz steps. You can't, for exam-
ple, enter in a 610 kHz shift. Vm not aware,
however, of any repeaters with offsets that are
not a multiple of 25 kHz; all the ones Tve used
have the standard (600 kHz) or 1 MHz split.
Also, the display doesn't Indicate the status of
the auto power off and battery saverfunctions.
You have to go to set mode to find out if
they're on or off.
The manual doesn't have any Instructions
on how to receive outside the ham band.
When entering frequencies from the key-
board, only the last four digits are accepted.
so getting out of the 14X,XXX band seems
impossible. In fact, the rig is already set up (or
extended coverage, but you can't get to il
directly. You must first select the lO-MHz digit
with the quick-tuning-step function by press-
ing the function button and rotating the dial
knob. When you've got the one you want, you
then either continue using the dial knob, or
you enter the last four digils from the keypad.
The whole thing is very inconvenient.
You write memories by holding down the
MR/MW key while pressing the function key.
You must hold it down for about one second,
and entry is confirmed with a series of beeps.
With the keypad beeper turned off, you can*i
tell whether entry is complete, because noth-
ing happens on the display.
The displayed initEals for some of the modes
and functions are odd, and unexplained in the
tjook. For example, the offset is "OW" and
frequency skip is *^ps/* ifs hard to remember
this stuff if you are never told what it means.
Many programming procedures are compli-
cated, and not all are consistent. For instance,
most modes are terminated by pressing clr,
but the clock setting mode is terminated by
pressing ptt. cur won't work. Some proce-
dures require holding the light button and a
keypad button while turning the ng on.
ICOfwI's walkies use procedures very different
from those of the other mapr manufacturers,
and m alt fairness. I haven'l had that much
experience with the ICOMS- I suspect that if
you have owned or used other tCOM HTs. this
unit will be fairiy easy to learn, tf not. though,
you're in for some surprises, and you will prob-
ably want to keep the crib sheet in your wallet.
The review unit did not come with the CTC-
SS or DTy F decoder boards, so I wasn't able
to test those functions. However, the other-
wise well-written manual is extremely confus-
ing in the sections describing the use of the
DTMF decoder, and I just couldn't make
heads nor tails of it. For instance, two modes.
pager and code squeich, are offered ^ each
with its own programming procedures. Except
that one uses 7 digits and the other uses 3, 1
couldn't see the difference i>etween ihem.
Perhaps if I coutd have tried the procedures,
they would have made more sense.
ICOK/t's ads list the power output as 2 watts,
yet the specs in the book list il as 1 ^/i watts.
The actual power, as measured on my dummy
load/wattmeter (admittedly no laboratory stan-
dard) was about 1.75 watts. Also, there are
four power level settings available, but only
two work with the internal battery- The other
two work at higher voltages, such as from a
car battery.
The back of the rig gets significantly warmer
at 175 watts output than does my Yaesu FT-
411 at 2.5 watts. This, and the very quick
battery depletion, lead me to wonder whether
the transmitter efficiency might be low. There
are no current drain specs given for normal
7,2-volt operation (the only specs are for 13.8-
volt use), so I can't know for sure.
As with most exiended-receive rigs, there
are some birdies and spurious responses, all
well outstde the ham band. In particular, a
local Ff^ radio station appears repeatedly in
the 160 MHz band. None of these anomalies
should affecl normal use.
Unlike all I he other microprocessor walkies
fve used, this one does not use a standard
lithium battery for backup. Instead, a
rechargeable lithium battery is used. This
might seem like a good idea, but the manual
states that this battery will go dead and empty
the memories about one week after the main
battery is left discharged- So. H you run it down
and then go out of town without it for a week.
you may come home and find all 48 memories
(and all your parameter programming) gone*
ICOM may want to consider adding in 7*year
lithium cells in future versions for memory/
parameter management,
A Terrific WlinJ-Rig
This is one nifty little radio. Cleariy, its great-
est advantage is its size, suggesting that the
best uses tor il are those which do not require
an external battery. After all, once you hang a
battery on the bottom, it isn't significantly
smaller than other mini-rigs. If your usage is
light, and especially if you can use low power
(the company suggests that the internal bat-
tery will be discharged quickly on high power,
and they aren't kidding), this rig offers you the
ultimate in miniaturization* Tm sure il will
prove popular. ICOM's definitely got a winner
in the iC-2SAT[
Michael Geier KBIUMis 73"s troubteshootmg
"Ask Kaboom " cotumnisL You can reach htm
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.-», ™ *" " PAX 716-924-4555
RAMSEY ELECTRONICS, INC. 793 Canning Parkway, Victon NY 14564
aiswiM-^
mif ■ lU «tfid tfiti&
r:iKf*i t tA niu Pcar^cp cco^jn^c f^n
Number n on your Feedback card
73 Review
by Kenny A. Chaffin WB9E
Ramsey QRP-40
Transmitter
Ramsey Electronics
793 Canmng Parkway
Victor NY 14564
Tet: 716-924-4560
Price Class: $30. Case kil: $13
Get a 40m transmitter quickly and easily with this kit.
Ramsey Electronics of Victor, New
York, provides a painless way to
get mvolved in QRP consiaiction and
operaiion. They offer three 1-walt output
QRP transmitter kits, tor 20m. 40m, and
80m. I first saw these kits advertised in
73 Magazine, and I called to find out
more about them.
Fast Delivery
I ordered the 40m version, since
lhat*s my favorite QRP band, arong with
the case kit. When it arrived two days
later, I could tiardly wait to heat up the
old soldefing iron. Unfortunataty, I had
to wait a bit. We have three kids all un-
der three years otd, the most recent ad-
dition being three weeks old. As you
might imagine, this sometimes causes
QRM with my hobbies.
Even so, I didn't waste any lime opening up
the package and checking it out. Ttie case
was machined and marked, and included the
front panel knobs, but the connectors and
switches were part of the QRP-40 kit. The
case kit consists of the plastic case itself, cus-
tom front and rear panels, and knobs for the
controls which come In the transmitter kit.
Having a custom case, though not esseotiat,
simplifies and completes a project. I was
pleased with everything I saw,
Design and Tuning
The QRP-40 arrived in a plastic bag de-
Pholo A. Component side board of the QRP-40 transmitter.
Parts installatior} is easy since ihe board isnl crowded.
signed to hang on a pegboard display. The
bag contained the 4" x 5" (100 x 127 mm)
circuit board along with all of the other parts.
The first thing I did was pull out the one-page
instruction sheet and examine the circuit. It's
a four-transistor transmitter design with a VXD
arrangement. That it's a VXO circuit wasn't
mentioned in the advertisement I saw. but it's
explained in the Ramsey catalog.
I was immediately pleased that it allowed for
two cry slats selectable by one of Itie fwo front
panel controls. The other control is a poten-
tiometer for toning the VXO, The instruction
sheet indicated a tuning range of tO kHz,
which is about what could be expected
from a VXO circuit on 40 meters.
It*$ disappointing that the crystal is fof
7150 kHz. nowhere near either the stan-
dard 7040 kHz QRP frequency or the
7110 kHz Novice QRP frequency; If you
want to operate the recognized QRP fre-
quencies, you have to either order the
right crystals or pull them out of other
equipment. The supplied crystal is a
standard HCld/U from Jan CrystalSp but
the instructions say that almost any
style will work.
Antenna
I thought I'd need an antenna switch
to connect my vertical antenna to either
the QRP-40 or my transceiver, as in the
old days when I had a separate transmft-
ter and receiver, but I didn't. The QRP-
40 has a builtnn diode switching arrangement
that provides an antenna output to a receiver!
Good job. guys.
Next^ I checked all the parts against the
parts list. Some of the transistors come in a
couple of flavors, but the variations are all
listed, so it shouldn't cause any confusion. A
couple of hand-written additions to the instruc-
tion sheet concern the fesistor*tike inductors
that are part of the kit. If you arenH familiar
with this type of inductor, which looks almost
like a resistor, it can confuse you. The most
notable difference is that the inductors have
silver bands on both ends and the color code
n the middle.
QRP'40 Transmitter Kit
Power out
1 watt
Circuit
four transistors, crystal control
Controls
A/B crystal switch
VXO tuning control
Power
12-14 VDC
Photo 6. Front. . ,
32 73 Amateur Radio • December 1989
Photo C. . . and back panel of the QRP-40.
Over 9000 Ham Equipment Items
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• It
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Telephone (208) 852-0830. 9:00-2:00 Mondays
CIRCLE 254 ON READER SERVICE CARD
After verifying thai nothing was missing. I
carefully pul all the parts back in the bag
a;id waited for an opportunity to begin.
Assembly
My chance came the following day. With the
kids and wife napping. I sneaked to the base-
ment and heated up the ol" Weller soldering
iron. Even though the ORP-40 is a relatively
simple circuit with about 50 parts, it Is by no
means a Heathkit. It doesn't guide you step-
by-step {e.g., ^Ifiseri R31 [red*brown-green|
at position A12."), For this kit. you have to
know what resistors and capacitors are, and
how to read their values. The entire assembly
mstructions consist of nine steps:
1 . Orient the circuit board.
2. Install jacks and switches.
3. Install capacitors,
4. Connect a 100Q resistor to a 220 mH in-
ductor, and install as shown on the figure.
5. Install resistors (47k on solder side).
6. Install diodes and transistors.
7. Install Inductors.
8. Install crystal,
9. Check all solder connections.
The only difficulty was positioning a couple
of {he transistors. Q2, in my kit, is almost
round. It look me a second to find the flat side.
The parts placement drawing was a great help
in figuring this out. Q4. on the other hand, is
almost square, It does, however, have a cou-
ple of missing corners on one side. If you
assume this is the rounded side, and the other
side ftat. you'll have it right.
Unused holes on {he circuit board are indi-
cated on the layout drawing, something often
coaxial R, F.
antenna switches
Heavy Duty switch for true _
i Kw POWER - 2 Kw P.E.P. 1
Ceramic with Coin Silver
Switch Contacts
Slng^ Potep 3 Posit mdh.
Desk or wall mount
All unused positions gfounded
*CS-3G - UHF connectors / S36.50*
^CS-iG-BNC-BNCcofinecfOR/ $43.95"
Slr^l« Pol^ 5 PositlofV
All unused positions gfour>d0d
#CS-4G - Ul# oonnecteR / %46M*
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"Shipping and handling for any
Item C3dd $2 each.
BW
ALL OUR PRODUCTS MADE IN USA
BARKER ft WILLIAHSON
Quaifty Communscotlon Roducts Since 1932
At youf Distnt»JfOf5 wrrt© or call
to ConoA Stfset. Bnsfoi PA 19007
(215) 7U-&5ai
overlooked in kits. This makes if easier to
check placement.
I completed the entire assembly by the time
the kids got up from their naps, about ar> hour
and a half, This was enough time for me to
check and make sure I'd installed and sol-
dered everything properly. Depending on your
experience with kit building, allow from one to
three hours-
Apprehension
Power input can range from 12 to 14 volts.
so I connected the txsard to my 2 meter rig's
power supply. I had to scrounge around a bit
to find connectors and adapters to connect the
dummy load and antenna. The QRP-40's two
antenna connectors and key connector are all
phono plugs. Fortunately, from my work with
the HW-7 QRP rig and a couple of home-brew
preamps^ 1 had phono-to-UHF adapters.
The switch for the crystals is not marked on
either the board or the schematic as to which
position is for which crystal but it's relatively
easy to figure out. The front panel of the case
is marked, but, for you who get the kit without
the case kit. remember that out is position A,
and /rrts position B.
I selected posiiloo A. the 7150 kHz crystal
and connected the transmitter to my antenna
via a wattmeter. I turned the power switch on
for about half a second and then quickly
backed it off. No smoke. Good, Everything
looked fine, so I turned the power back on and
pressed the key. Yeah! Power out[ The
wattmeter showed about 1 watt.
Adjustment and Tuning
The next step was
to check the receiv-
er and verify the
frequency. Sure
enough, it was at
7145 kHz. Checking
the range of the tun-
ing control, which is a
5k pot. gave a range
of about 7145 to 7150
kHz. The only internal
adjustment is a coil in
the oscillator circuit
that adjusts the tuning
range. Trying various
settmgs and adjust*
ments, I was able to
get the lower limit
down to about 7140
kHz, but I coutd never
get a range of more
than 7 kHz. Close, but
not quite the claimed
10 kHz. The tuning
range ot a VXO js
highly dependent on
the type of crystal and
other factors, so t
don't consider this a
significant problem.
Later, I found some
old FT-243 style crys-
tals in my junk box
and decided to try
them just for grins.
They seemed to work, though the tone of the
output signal was nothing to write home
about, and the tuning range was non-existent.
It's probably best to avoid older crystals and
stick with the newer canned crystals. I tested
the transmitter with a wide range of crystals,
and the power output remained 1 watt, regard-
less of frequency.
Installing the board in the case is simple.
Ramsey provides rubber feet for the bottom
hA\t of the black plastic case. The top and
bottom are identical, except that the bottom
has two holes ioi screws to secure the case.
The circuit board is a tight fit. Place the front
panel on the board and fit these together into
the bottom. Four screws hold the board in
place. After screwing the board down, you can
attach the back panel and top.
I ran into a slight problem with the button tor
the crystal select switch. It was too loose to fit
on the switch shaft, at least in my kit. Folding a
strip of paper and inserting it between the
shaft and the button snugged up the fit
enough.
On the Air!
Operaimg with 1 watt with a vertical is a
wortd apart from operating with a kilowatt and
a seven element beam. You have to use a few
tricks, like tail-ending, calling a station when
he finishes a QSO, or answering a CO rather
than calling CQ.
At first I had no luck, even following my own
advice above. Then t remembered, from the
days of separate transmitters and receivers,
that a CW signal has two sidebands. Most
modern tranceivers use only one of Ihese.
After getting on the other sideband, opposite
of the way my Heath 5400 normally operates,
ft worked. The first CQ I answered heard me.
K5KS in Albuquerque, New Mexico, was my
first 1 watt contact. He valiantly gave me a
559, and we chatted for a tew minutes while I
attempted to contain my enthusiasm It's quite
a feeling to have a OSO going well, and even
rag-chewing a little, on i watt. Amazing!
The next day I had a contact with Joe N3N J
in Pittsburgh, and others around the States. I
haven't worked any foreign DX wjth the QRP-
40 yet. but. since its been done often m the
past, so it's only a matter of time. I can hardly
wait to work New Zealand with 1 watt.
Conclusion
Ramsey has a limited warranty on its kits
and telephone help if you have problems, but
with the simplicity of this particular kit it should
be smooth sailing.
The final QRP-40 transmitter, installed in its
case, measures atjout 5" x 5'/^" (127 x 140
mm), and is a mce-looking, although small,
addition to my station.
Is it worth the money and effort? Absolutely.
If youVe looking for an easy way to buiid a
QRP rig, this is It, Quick delivery, comptete kit
with good instructions, and easy operation.
And it's always more fun to get on the air using
something you built yourself. If you're not into
scrounging for parts, this may be the kit for
you. Happy QRPing!
Kenny A. Chaffm WB^, 2B42 South Wabash Ctfcle.
Denver CO B023t.
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.S139 95
$159 95
S209 95
..$ia9.95
IM030T Regency 200 ch- ha rid he id scanner ..
R4020-T Regency tOO ch. handheld scanner .*
^140 1 0-T fieg»ncY t P cha nnel handn«l d scan n a r
ft! 600-TRo^onc^ 100 channel mobile scanaer .
P200-T RBgency 40 channal CS Mobile . . .
P210-T Regency 40 channol CS Mobile
Pa20-T fi0g&ncy 40 criannai CB Mobile . . — .
P300-T Regency 40 Char^hel SSB CB MatyiJfi.,.
PAOO-T Reg&ncy 40 channel SSB CB aase . . ,
PR1 1iO-X Regency" P^s^porf fna radardele^or .
Pfii 20*T Regency "inicro" stie radar detector. .
MPS! OQXL-T Regency 40 Ch fnanrtetranscotvef
MP551 OXL-T^By»ncy 60 Ch. marine If ansceiver
MPeO00XL*T Wegener ^^1^ manned a nsceiv«r
MP'£O0OKl--T Regiency handheld mAnne lran& . .
Regency* RH256B-T
Lis! price S799 95/CE price S299.9S/SPECIAL
fB ChMimwi • 2S Wmtl Trmrtmcminr • Prk^fiif
The ^Qoncy RH256B ts a suteen-channel VHF land
mobile transcerver designed to cover any frequency
between ISO to 162 MHi. Since trus radjo is
synthesized, no expensive crystals are needed to
store up 10 1 6 frequencies without battery backup.
Ail fadios come with CTCSS tone and scanning
capabilities. A monitor and nig hVday switch ^salso
itandard, TT^is transceiver even has a prionty func
tioa The RH256 makes an ideal radio for any police
or fire department volunteer because of its low cost
and high performance. A 60 Wstt VHF 150-162
MHz. version cafied the HHe069-T is available
forS423-95. A UHF 15 watt, 16 channel version of
this radio caHed the RU156B^T is also available
and covers 450-482 MHz, but the cost is $4 54, 95-
*** Uniden CB Radios • * ^
The Uniden line of Citizens Band Radio transceivers is
styled to compliment other miobNe audio equipment.
Uniden CB radios are so reliable mat they have a h^o
year limited warranty, from the feature packed PRO
810E to the 31 OE handheld, there <$ not>etier CiiUens
Band radio on the markel today.
PR0310E'T Uniden 40 Ch. Portabla/Mbbile CB, . . £83.95
PRO330E-T Uniden 40 Ch. Remom mount CB . £104.95
Pn05000-T Uniden 40 Channel CB Motiil© .... ..$3595
KARATE-T Uniden 40 channel! feacua radi{3 £63.05
GRANT-T Vrnder* 40 channel SSB CB mobile .... £166^95
MADISON'T Uniden AO Channel SSB CB b^m. . £244.95
PC122'T Uniden AO channel SSB CB mobile .. £119.95
P8061 OXL*T Uniden 40 crvannel CB Mob<*e. . , . . „£3a.9&
PnO5S0XL-T Uniden 40 channel CB Mobil*. ...... £56 J 5
F R05 30XL'T Untdert 40 channel 08 Mobil*- ...... £79 95
P R05406-T Unfden 40 channel CB Mobile. ...... £97.95
P8O640E^T Onjd<en 40 Channel 33B CB Mobile •- ^ $1 37.95
PR07 1 0E-T Umden 40 channel C B Base ..,....£11 9.95
PRO610E T Untden 40 channel SSS CB Base . . £174 95
iitifit Unidmn Rmdmr Dmimei&rmit if ^
CEi today.
..,£T 44.95
.. .£99 95
£11495
S 144 95
£54 95
....£74.95
Buy the finest Untaen radar detectors from
TALKER- T2 Umden talking raciardeliictpr
ft07'T uniden vi&or mouni radar dfttfrctor
RDO-T Uniden ~Passpoff size ractex delecfor
R09XL'T Uniden "micro" stze rBdar d«iectof
RD25-T Uniden vi«3ir mounf r^dmt detector
RDSOO-T Unklen visor mouni mdar deteclor.. .
Bearcat® 200XLT-T2
List price $S09.95/CE price $23d.95/SPEClAL
r^Sendt 200 Chmnnml m BOO MMm, Hmndhmid
Bamreh ■ UmH • Mttid * FrityriXf * L&«Adcfl
frequency r^nge: l^h4. i rS-t74. 406 512 905956 MWi
EjECfudes 823 9875-8*9 0X25 gna86S.9975B94Ql2& MHz.
The Bearcat 20OXLT sets a new standard for hand-
held scanners in performance and dependabihty.
This fulf featured unit has 200 programmabie
channels with 10 scanning banks and t2 band
coverage. If yoo want a very similar mode^ wit hoot
the 800 MHz, band and TOO channels, order the
BC 100XLT-T few onfy $169.95. Includes antenna
carrying case with belt loop, ni-cad battery pack.
AC ad apter a nd ea rp hone. Orde r y ou r sea n ne r n ow.
Bearcat® 800XLT-T2
ListpnGe$549.95/CEpffco$239.95/SPECIAL
i2-Bmndj 40 Channml • Mo^ergtimi mcmtrnmf
Priority coniroi • Bmarch/Somn • MC/DC
Bands: 29-54, i 18-174, 406-S12. 306-912 f^HL
£x<:iudBs623 9a75-84B0i25 and &68 9S7S&94Qi25 MHz.
The Uniden 800 X LT rece ( ves 40 c h a n n e is j n two ban ks-
Scans 15 channels per second. Size&V*' xAW x 1 2^h:'
If you do not n^ed the 800 MHz. band, a similar model
called the BC 210XLT>T is available for £178.95,
Bearcat® 145XL-T
List prkce$189.95/CE prico$94.95/SPEClAL
iO-B^nd, iC Chmnn^i * Mo-cfymtat momrtnmr
Prlortiy control m Wamihmr mmmrch • AC/DC
Bands: 29-54, 136-174, 406*512 MHz
The eearcaf 145XL is a 16 channel, proorammabJa
scan ner cove ri ng ten f req ue ncy ba nds. The u n It f eat urea
a built-in delay function rhat adds a three second delay
on all channels to prevent rnissed transmissions. A
mobile version called the BCSBOXLT^T featuring pri-
onty, weather search, channel lockout and more la
available for $94,95. CEI's package price Includes
mobile mounting bracket and mobile power cord.
President® HR2510-T
List price $499. 95/CE price $239.95/SPEClAL
f O MaUr MotiiB Tranmcmivmr • mgftmi ¥FQ
Full Band Cowmragm • AihModm Opmrmiiort
Backili Hquid crymimt dimplaf « Aiilo Bsiuatoh
RiT * PrmproBrmmmmd fO KHx* Chmnnmtm
frequency Coverage 28 0000 MHl fo^9 6&9B MHi
The President HR25 1 0 Mobile 10 Meier Transceiver
made by Uniden, has everything you need for
amateur radio Gommunicatioos. Up to 25 Watt PEP
USB/LSB and 25 Watt CW mode. Noise Blar>ker.
PA mode. Digital VFO. Builf-in S/RF/MOD/SWR
meter Channel switch on the microphone, and
much more' The HR25 1 0 lets you operate AM, FM.
USB. LSBorCW, The digital lysyn the si zed frequen-
cy control grves you maximum stability aod you
may choose est her pre-programmed tO KH^. chan-
nel steps, or use the built-in VFO for steps down to
100 Hz. There's also BIT (Receiver mcrefnental
Tuning) to give you perfectly tuned signals. With
receive scanning, you car^ scan 50 cl^annels m any
one of four bar^d segments to f*Qd out where the
action is. Order your HR2510 from CEI today
NEW! President^ HR2600-T
List price S599.9S/CE price $299.95/SPECIAL
iQMaiarMottIm Tranmeahrmr • MawFmmturmm
The new PresfdenJ HR2600 Mobile lO Meter Trans-
ceiver is similar to the UnidBr^ HR2&1 0 but now has
repeater offsets (100 KHz.) and CTCSS encode.
BC760XLT
aOO MHz.
mobile scanner
SPECIAU
aRCl£ 12 1 ON READER SERVICE CARO
• * * Unidmn CotdiBSS Tmimphonmn * • *
XE750-T Uniden Cordless Phone with speaker — $99.95
X£550-T Unid&n Corcfi$$$ Phone. ^ ,„.,*-»*•*♦>. . . S79,95
xeaOO-T Uniden Cordless Phone. * S69.9S
■kitif Eximndmd Bmrvicm Conirmd ititie
\i you purchase a scanner CB, radar detector or cordlQSA
Dhone from any store in She U.S. or Canada wilhin ihe last 30
days. yoLi oert get up to three years of exi ended serviice
con trad f ram Warra niech Th i s service extension plan begina
9ft0f !he manulacturer'K warranty expiree Warranlech *J||
perform all necessary labor and will not charge fof reiurn
shipping. Extertded snervice contracts are not refLindab^eand
apply only lo the original purchaser. A fwo year eictend^d cOhv
(FBct ort « mobile ot base scanner is S29 99 and inree yeaj's li
$^9.99, For handheld 5Cdnn?r$s 2 years is S&9.99 arid 3
yearsi«S79.99 For radardelectors^twoyear^ i&S29 99. For
CB radios. 2 year? ts$39 99. For cordless phones. 3 years is
f34 99, Order your e^lended serviice contract today
OTMER RADiOB AMD ACCMBBORfEB
BC55XLT-T Bearcaf 10 cfsannei scanner ...... *1 1 4,9S
BC70XLT'T Bearcat 20 channel scarvnef. ..„«... $1 59.95
BC1 T5XLT'T Bearcat 1 6 channel s:anner ...... .11 S6S5
R2069-T Regency BQ channel scann>er.,..4».»..»-S149.9'5
R1099-T Regency 45 channel scanrter.., ..St09.d&
TS2-T Regency 75 cl^aitne^^caniifif. . . . . .. .. . 126^9 B&
UCloa-T Regency VHF 2 c*l 1 Witt transceiver. .. $1 14.95
OPS&-T Regency 1 € amp rei§. power supply. — . St 79.95
B P205- n N i-Cad batt pack tor DC200/flC1 00 SCLT S39 95
Be-T 1,2 V AAN^Cad retteries (set of eighty.. .Sir 95
FBE-T Freqtjency Oirectofy for Eastern US.A.. . ... 114, S^
FSW'T Freiiuency Directory for Western U&A . . , . Si 4 95
HFD1-T Great Lakes Frequerx^y Directory.. .. — -.$14 9&
RFDa*T New England Frequency Directory. ....... Si 4.95
RF03-T MmJ AHafitK: Frequency DirectO«V ..,..S^4 95
HF^tM-T Southeast Fiequency Directory ....... $14 95
RFOd^T N W & Noflhem Fta^rkS Frequency Dit. .... S 1 4 95
ASD-T Airplane Scanner Directory .*.* $14.95
SRF-T Syrviv^al Radio Freque^icy Directory $14,95
TSG-T "Tod Secret" Registry o^ U.S. Gont Fre^ . f 14,95
TTC-TTune in on telephone calls. ..... ..^ $T4.95
CBH-T Btg CS Hand&ooH/'AM/FM/Freetiffnd . . .. . S14 §5
TiC-TTechniQuesior interceptir^ Q>rnmunicatKVia , . . S 1 4.95
RBF-T Railroad frequefTcy directory St 4.95
EEC-T Embassy & Espionage Communicaikons — $14.95
CIE-TCo^erl intelHgence, Sect. Eavesdropping .114.95
MFFT Midwest Federal Ffequency direciory $14.95
ABO-T Magnet mount motmte $canr\er antenna. .... $35 95
ATO-T Base station scanner antenna .,.-.-. $35.95
AISOO-T 25 MHz.-1.a GHc Discone antenna. $109.95
USAMM-T Mag itiounl VHF anl. wf T 2' cable $39 95
USAK-T W hole mount VHF ant w/ 17' cable . S35,95
AddSA 00 sttipp'ng for all acces^nes ordered at The same time
Add $^2 OO shipping per radio and $4.00 per anlenrm,
BUY WITH COMFIDEMCE
To ||«l tA« immtmni dmiSvmiy from CEI at any scanner,
send or phone your order directly to our Scanner
Distribution Center" Michigan msidents please add 4%
^les tdx or Supply your tax LO. number. Written pur-
chase orders are accepted from approved government
agencies and most well rated firms at a 1 0% surcharge
for net 10 billing. All sales are subject to availability,
acceptance and verification. All sales on accessories
are f InaL Prices, terms and specifications are subject to
Change without notice Ali prices are in U.S. dollars. Out
of stock items wi 1 1 be placed on backorder aytomatically
unless CEI is instructed differently. A $6.00 addiHonai
handling fee will be charged for all orders with a
merchandise total under $30.00. Shipments are RO.a
CEI warehouse in Ann Arbor, Michigan, No COD'S.
Most items listed have a manufacturer's warranty. Free
copies of warranties on these products are available
by writing to CEI. Non-certified checks require bank
Clearance. Not responsible for typographical errors
MaN ordars to: Communications Electron-
iGs7 Box 1045. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48^06
U.S.A. Add SI 2.00 perscannerfor UP.S. Qrouf]d
shipping and handling in the continental U,S, A,
For Canadat Puerto Rico. Hawaii, Alaska, or
APO/FPO delivery, sfiipping charges are two
times continentaJ U.S. rates. If you have a
Discover, Visa. American Express or Master
Card, you may call and place a credit card order.
5% surcharge for billing to American Express.
Order toll-free in Ihe U.S. Dial 800-USA-SCAf^.
In Canada, dial 800-221-3475, FAX anytime,
dial 313-971*6000. If you are outside the U.S.
or in Michigan dial 31 3-973-88S8. Order today.
Scanner Dislnbution Center* arwj CEI logos ere trade-
marks of Communications Electronics Inc.
Sale dates 10/1^89 — 3/31^90 A0*i001©9-T
Copyrfght^ l&adCommun^cstl&ns Electronlctlnc
For credit card orders call
1-800-USA-SCAN
COMMUNICATIONS
ELECTRONICS INC
Consumer Products Diwision
P.O. Box 1045 n Ann Arbor, fv<ich*gan4fll0&-l045 USA-
For orders call 31 3-973-88&e or FAX 31 3-971^4000
Mors&Msfi Plus t& absolutely the best PC- based Morse Code trair>ef avail-
able? h i3 easy to yse and runs on any IBM-PC or compatible with 512k of
memofy. II will teach the newcomer Mors« Code. usir>g tried and true meth-
ods and piactioe the experienced bam ai any speed befween 5 & 99 wpm.
MafSi^Msn Plus features a random character generatof, a random word
generator ^ allows you lo send any ASCII te)ct file Also, Mors&Msn Plus
will send realistic, true random calls igns, with user adjustable options that
allow the speed and frequency to vary with each call ■ sounds like listening
to a pile-upl
Mofs&Mfan Plus will also send_true randQiiLJiCC-typeJQSO'a (over 20
tritlion pos>;»ible!}, qurz you on wfiat you have heard and keep track of your
progress, just tike the exam. Of you can choose to just listen to reaiistic
fandom two-way QSO's. one after another, wrth Iti© option lo aJkjw varying
speeds and tones, just like listening to HFI MorseMiaa Plus will even let
you sav© everything that if sends {raridom code, caiisigns. QSO's, every-
thing]) to a disk file, so you can documenl what you hear or make code
tapes arxj have a record ot what's on them! Marsi?ifaf7V\u% even features
CPU independent iimiriQ. so you don'l have lo tool around with seRing ttie
program lor your compuiar - it will do it lor youj
Unlike other CW trainers. JUofS0iistff Plus was designed by a CW ejcpert
(t^E4L) who knows what it takes to get to that high level of proficiency. But
the best toature about MorseMan Plus is it's price, f^or just $19.95 (reg.
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receive the next major update tree when it is released as well as full
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licensed. upgrade of just just enjoy CW. iiors^Man Plus is the way (o go!
Give it a try and you'll agree that MofseMa/f Plus is absoluleiy (he blest
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We have batteries for commercial, amateur radio,
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INTRODUCING
Our High Powered ICE PACK for your ICOM
COMPARE OUR PRICE & VALUE
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CIRCLE 1 14 ON READER SERVICE CARD
UNADILLA ANTENNA
MANUFACTURING CO.
PC Sox 4215 SV^Anoovec •MA»01 atO
(S0flH75-'7B31 Sam-Spm EST»{50a| 474-8949 24MRFAX
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BIG
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(HF & VHF)
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Amateur Antenna Baluns
F«r over 20 years, prtftrred by Amatetir, Cominerclal and
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For medtum power (i OOO waUe RF mini mum) and broadband operation 3-40 MHr
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W2DU-HF
1 .8-30 MHz
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w/t:1 SWR
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36 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
INTRODUCING
ID ELEMEIHTTS
What Ls the ad\ antage of Vest^ial Sideband (V5?R)?
AEAji hyrV-430A Vestigial SitJcband operation drastically
raiuces aiijacent- channel interference. VSB requires
much ie^^^ bandwldlh than existing doubEe-sideband
designs; it's ihs standard method of moduiation re£|uired
by rbe FCC for all U.S. broadcast TV stations. Similar in
principle to S SB ^ VSB puts all of the audio eriergy and
most of the video in ONE sideb^d iasiead of two. Using
about half the spectrum space of competitive units, the
FSTV-430A is the ONLY ATV unit that conserves
spectrum space by using VSB. Even with AEA*s
LA '430/50 amplifier, one sidebiind is reduced more than
3CklB. VSB presents an obvious advantage lo the
bandwklth-coi^*cbu5* ATV opemtor.
ATV SYSTEM
Add a new dimension to your amateur radio com-
munications with AEA's Amateur Television
(ATV) sysiem. If you hold at least a technician-
class license^ you can transmit and receive live or taped
audio and video Fast-Scan TV (FSTV) information that
rivals broadcasl quality. Now you can share more than
conversation over the air with this new mode of "per-
sonal communications."
It^s Easy and Inexpen-
sive. If you have a video
camera or camcorder and a
standard TV set, you may al-
ready own the most expen-
sive components of an ATV
system. AEA's ATV system
includes a transceiver and an-
tenna. Simply connect the
camera. TV and the antenna
in the transceiver, and you're
on the air LIVE with one
wall RE.E! Your TV set will
monitor your transmitted and received pictures. If you
want to broadcast with mor^ power. AEA also oflfers a 50
watt ma*ii-moumed linear amplifier with power supply.
The FSTV-430A Transceiver features a low-noise
UHF GaAsFET preamp wiih a typical noise figure of less
than L.5dB and a crystal-controlled or variable tuning
down converter. Output is available on channel 3 or 4
for signal reception AND monitoring transmissions.
Two frequencies can be selected from the front panel for
transmission (one crystal is included). The AEA dcsitm
is also optimized for superior video and audio quality
without sync buzz even with weak signals. The
FSTV'430A is the only transceiver you need to work
ATV and it also allows you to use the same TV set to
monitor your transmitted and received pictures.
The LA-430/50 Amplifier with Power Supply
gives a boost lo your ATV signal It includes a 50 W
RE.R mast-mounted Linear Amplifier (patent pending)
covering 420 to 450 MHz and a GaAsFET preamp
which utilize the antenna feedline for DC power The
mast- mount eliminates the line loss between the
amplifier/preamplifier and the antenna to improve both
transmission and reception, and is the equivalent of a
I now amplifier in the shack with a 3dB line loss. The
amplifier is housed in a weather-resislatit alodized
aluminum case. The MPS- 1 00 power supply also
provides a 1 3.6 voll output for the FSTV-430A.
The 430-16 Antenna is a high-
performance, computer-optimized
yagi specifically designed for ATV
operation. It features broadband
frequencv coverage from 420 to
440 MHz. l43dB gain. O-ring
sealed connectors, 28 degree
E plane and 32 degree H plane
beam widths and 16 elements on
a 10-foot boom.
See AEA's FSTV System at
your local authorized AEA dealer.
Put yourself in the ATV picture
and join the fun!
Advanced Electronic Applications, Inc.
2006"196thSt.SW/P.O. Box 2160 Lynnwood^WA 98036 206-775-7373
Prices and specifications subject to change without notice or obligation.
Dealer Inquiries invited. Copyright 1989,
AEA Brings You
A Better Experience.
emCLE 65 ON READER SERVICE CARD
■P
Numb«F 1 3 on yoyr Feedback card
Color SSTV for the Atari ST
Parti
Atari ST owners already have 99 % of a color video station
by John W. Langner WB20SZ
A catchy ad contains a picture with a
transceiver, a television, a tape
recorder, -^ missing box, and the caption,
"Yoy already own 75% of a color video
station/' Reading the fine print, you discover
thai the missing piece costs S 1 295. It's a very
fine and popular piece of equipment, but the
price is a bit steep for someone with only a
casual interest in trying a new mode of com-
munication,
A few years ago you didn*t have much
choice. You could either buy a commercial
scan converter or home-brew a very compli-
cated device. Very few people had the .skill
and patience to build it. Modern home com-
puters, though, have lots of memor> , plenty
of processing power^ and adequate color
graphics displays to serve as the hase for a
slow-scan television system. Just add a sim-
ple interface and suitable software and you
are on the air with SSTV video.
Part I of this two-part article gives you
background on the development of amateur
SSTV and describes a low-<:ost SSTV inter-
face and software for the Atari ST comput-
er.'"^"^ Part U will show you how to build a
high performance color SSTV interface for
this widely available computer.
Table 1 lists the features of this system.
Before continuing, however, let's first look
at how^ SSTV pictures are iraminiitted,
SSTV Tfiuii^mission Formats
The original slow-scan television standard
uses atone of 1500 Hz for black, 2300 Hz for
white, and rrequencies in between for shades
of gray. The 120 scan lines are separated by
nve-millisecond horizontal sync pulses of
1200 Hz. Vertical sync, between frames, is
also 1200 Hz. but 30 milliseconds long.
Figure I illusiraies a single scan line.
Early color pictures were transmitted with
the frame scquemial methiLxl, Three separate
black and white frames were generated with a
red. green » or blue filler in from of the TV
camera. On the receiving end, a triple expo-
sure photograph was made wjih red. green,
and blue filters between ihe CRT and camera,
As technology improved, it became feasible
to keep all three frames in memory and dis-
play them at the same time on a color TV.
Figure 2 shows an example with five venical
color bars.
38 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
Phoia A. Atari STSS'IV u\st patterns.
Fhoio B. Law-cosi interface layouL
About a decade ago, several experimenters
developed various single frame color
schemes. One of the many formats is ilius-
traied in Figure 3."* Rather than giving equal
amounts of time to the red. green, and blue
components, you can use a shon transmission
time more efficiently by giving more time to
green. This is because our eyes are more
sensitive to changes in green. The first iwo^
thirds of each scan line is for intensitv of
m
green. The remainder is for aUe mating red
and blue information, which is the average of
two scan lines.
The Robot transmission formats are differ-
ent in that ihey transmit luminance (bright-
ness) and chrominance (color) information
rather than red. green, and blue.^ Lumi-
nance, represented by Y, is computed as
0.30 R + 0,59 G H- 0.1 1 B. Chrominance is
conveyed by the two values R - Kand B — Y .
Table 2 contains luminance and chrominance
values for several colors.
The possible ranges of Y, R - Y, and B - Y
are scaled into the range of 1500 to 2300 Hz
for transmission (see Figure 4). At the receiv-
ing end, you can calculate original RGB val-
ues with a little elementary algebra.
A benefit of this system is thai the first
two-thirds of each scan line contains a black
and white compatible signal. Someone with
an old eight-second, black and white system
can receive a l2-s^:ond color picture proper-
ly, and not even realize ii was transmitted in
color!
Operation
Now that you have a little background and
history on SSTV, let*s look at the system Tve
put together. To start with, there are current-
ly two versions of the software. Version 0,9
has the capability to send and receive pic-
tures, manipulate images, generate test pat-
terns, and read picture files from disk- The
Ml version, 1.1, can perform all the ftinc-
lions of 0.9, plus save images to disk. Ver-
sion 0.9 is available at various user groups.
Two groups 1 know of are: Atari Microcom-
puter Network, John Adams KC5FW, 17106
Happy Hollow^ San Antonio, TX 78232,
USA; and ASTUR (Atari ST Users on Radio)
GEERAERT Michel, W. Elsschodann 21,
B 8460 Koksijde, Belgutm. To the first
group, send a formaned disk and S2 for the
program; to the second group, send two disks
and three IRCs (one disk w ill be returned).
Version 1 , 1 is available from A& A Engin-
nering in Anaheim, California. Version LI
is useful only for the high-performance inter-
face, described in Pan U of this article, to
appear in the January *90 issue.
The screen is divided into several regions
{see Figure 5). The top line contains mes-
sages^ and a prompt for keyboard input, when
necessary. The menu contains a list of the
available commands. The selection line indi-
cates the currently selected monitor and im*
ages. Each **TV monitor" displays an image
with 128 by 120 pixels with 256 colors. You
can adjust brightness and contrast with the aid
of the color bars,
How can 256 colors be displayed at once?
In low resolution mode, the ST can normally
display from a palette of 16 colors picked
from the 512 possibilities. You can increase
the number by reloading with a different set
of colors during horizontal blanking inter-
WHITS 2X0H1
SLACK
EVMC
laOOHi —
i200Hi —
1 T—
Figure L Single scan line plot for the original
S-second black and while SSTV format.
nipts. However, ihere is stilf a maximum of
only 1 6 colors on each scan line.
This program uses a different technique.
Two different screen images arc bailt in
memor> , Each has a different palette of 16
carefully chosen colors. During each venical
blanking inienupt, the opposite screen and
palette is selected to produce a total of 256
colors. The 30 Hz flicker becomes a liitle
wearing to stare at all day, but it works very
well for shoner periods*
Photo A shows the command menu. The
first column contains the commands to re-
ceive, transmit, print » load from disik, save to
disk, and quit from the program. The second
column shows the transmission formats. The
third column contains functions to manipu-
late images. The last column contains com-
tors" is the active or "selected" one.
Mosi of the commands use the content
of the selected monitor. Press the left
arrow key to select the left monitor.
The *' < -" on the selection line is then
highlighted in red. Press the right ar-
row key to select the right monitor;
**->** will then be highlighted.
The 10 image-buffers in memory
are numbered 0 through 9. The TV
monitors can display any of the image
buffers. A number above the monitor
w^iil be highlighted to show which im-
age buffer it*s displaying. You can se-
lect an image for the currently selected
monitor by pressing one of the digit
keys, 0 through 9. Press the up or
down arrow key to select the next
higher or lower image buffer.
There is one more image buffer that
tsn*t displayed on the screen. Com-
mands thai modify an image buffer
first copy the old image to the save-
buffer. The undo key exchanges the
currently selected image and the saved
image.
f
n E
i C
0 K
■
L
V
I
3^'Wl'lri ■
1
23QOl4t -
*
ONE OA t^ORe FRAMES
■OF l£Q LIME5
WITH ft£p fhLT£R
^
*
ONC tW litm£ FRUtES
OF lao uMcs
vriTH GREEK riLTER
*
•*
1
DME OR MORE FRAME$
lO^ )£0 LINES
^W1T14 eiuc Fittrft
4
lOrfii^&IV
1 H
T I
N t
c c
i [
I
a
R
T
i.
t
I.
E
ft
t
E
a
t
m
I 1
H
1
f
r
t
t
L
r
I
L
i
C
asooHf -
aooMi-
laeoMr- — '
u
-CREEN'
-ftEt}'
REPEAT
>6CI
TJMES
2)0OMi'
I50OHI -
■ttREf M '
4-
-BLue-
+
JOwil^DIV
Figure 3. Suding ll-second single frame color for-
mat.
mands to generate test patterns. The currently
selected format is highlighted with a yellow
background.
Most commands require only a single
keystroke. Menu items ending with '*.." re-
quire adduionai input. For instance, when
saving an image to a disk, you miisi specify a
file name. A flashing text cursor appears
along with a prompt for input. While a com-
mand is being ocecuted, the menu item is
highlighted by a red background. This as-
sures you that you have pressed the correct
key. When the background color returns to
normaL you know the command has been
carried to completion.
At any time, one of the two "TV moni-
Sending and Receiving
The first step for sending or receiv-
ing is to select the transmission format from
the second column of the menu. Press
*'R" to Stan receive mode. The firsi
frame will go into the current image.
Subsequent frames will go into con-
secutive image buffers^ and the select-
ed monitor will alternate. Terminate
receive mode by pressing the space bar.
Function key '*n*' transmits the cur-
rent image n times. Press the shift key
at the same time to transmit consecu-
tive images, once each. For example,
if image 6 is in the selected monitor,
and you press Shift-F3, images 6, 7,
and 8 will be transmitted. Press the
space bar to terminate transmission
early*
Printing
You can print the image on an
Epson or compatible dot matrix
printer by pressing **P," for
Print. Each screen pixel is con-
verted to a 4 X 4 group of dots on
the printer. Each group can
have 0 through 1 6 dots printed,
so 17 gray levels are available when
viewed from a distance.
Figure!. Frame sequemial color SSTV. Three b& w
frames were sent for red, green, and blue compo-
nents.
Image Manipulation
You can manipulate the image in a variety
of ways, Uncolor (U) converts a color image
to biack and white so that you can see what a
color picture will look like transmitted or
printed in black and white. However, yoii
don't have to uncolor a picture before trans-
mitting it in black and white or printing it out.
Mirror (M) swaps the left and the right sides
of a picture. Rotate (O) turns the image 90
degrees. Negative (N) inverts all the colors:
white becomes black, blue becomes yellow,
etc.; medium gray is hardly affected.
Zoom fZ) expands one-quarter of the im-
age by a factor of two so that it fills the entire
**monitor. '' At the prompt* type a single digit
to select which quaner of the screen you want
to expand: 7, upper left corner; 5, center; 2,
center bottom; and so on. These positions
J
Loading and Sa^ ing Images
Press **L'' to load a picture from a
disk file, and **S'* to save a picture to a
disk file. This program accepts the file
formats of the most popular drawing
programs. The proper conversion rou-
tine is selected by the file extension:
NEO for NEOchrome, PIl for Degas,
or STV for its own file format with 256
colors.
^' V" saves the entire screen in a file
called SCREEN. NEO. You can load
this file into memory to transmit a self-
portrait.
t
n
c
r I
H
I
1
c
K
E
G
R
E
£
H
L
\i
C
I,
ft
t
f k
N T
C I
I I I
m
E
t
i
L
t
K.
I I ! I
ZaOOMl —
■ SOOHi
lEOOHi —
2300 Ht
J
'11-1
WPEAt
* TIMES
■iSOOHi —
ISEKIMi
V ^^ ^^^m
-m-t'
Hf-
■+.
-r
i h
fOmi/iJPV
Figure 4. Robot 1 2 -second single frame color for-
mal.
73 Amateur R^dto • December. 1989 39
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LEFT
TV MDNITDH
COLOR
TV MOhtlTW
Figure 5, Screen layout for ihe SSTV pro-
gram.
Low Cusi Inti'rface
Figure 6 shows the station configuration
for the low -cost inicrface.
The Alari ST has a buill-in sound generator
chip which may be used to produce tones for
SSTV transmission. I have received good
signal reports by holding a microphone up to
the computer's speaker, but the exaci piace-
mem has a big effect on the resulting signal
quality. The computer has no provision for
MOMriDR
ACOuSTtC Ltt4K
i^d^^ ^^ ltd
mitrrut
COMPUTE
PERT
1
V
OUT
I Vl I ! ! r-|— I - *
LPW COST
jiiT£ftrAC£
TRAMSCEIVER
Figure 6. Stanoft layout usittg the low-cost interface.
conform to the numeric keypad. Shrink (S)
does the opposite of Zoom.
Finally* use Merge (E) to combine multiple
images into one. Specifying only one source
image produces a copy of that image. Not
specifying a siource image clears the current
image buffer*
Pattern Cieiieration
''C*' produces a traditional 8x8 black
and while checkerboard pattern. "K'*
produces a more colorful akernaii\c. Press
' 'G" for a gray scale pattern, " W * for colors
arranged in rainbow order, and **A" to
produce 256 rectangles with all ihc possible
colors* Finally, ""B" generates overlapping
red, green* and blue circles* The tntersec-
lions of these circles are yellow* cyan, ma-
genta, and white. Again* see Photo A to see
the last pauern.
CiRCLf m ON REAOiR SERVICE CAflO
Table 1 . Summary of Features
Sends and receives these
popular formats:
Robot; 8 second black and white
1 2. 24 & 36 second COlOr
Volker Wraase: 24, 48. amj 96
second co^
AVT: 90 second color
24, 94 secofKJ DOtor . recefve only
Screen cofitains:
Two images with 1 2Sx 1 20 pixels of 256 colors
Menu of available commands
Test pattern generation:
Checkerboard, rainbow, all colors
Image manipulation:
Mirror, roiaie, zoom, shrink
Load and save images with various file lonnats:
NEOchr(»ne, Oegas, Ovvn fomiat with 2S6 cok>r5
Ke^ tett images in memoty for mstant access.
Print images with 17 gray ievels.
Can use either low cost (about $7) interface
connected to modem and printer ports, or high
performance Interface connected to MIDI port.
audio input, so you'll need a simple titt^lade
for receiving. The schematic is in Figure 7
and ibe parts list is in Table 3,
U 1 is a phase-locked kxip which lcx:ks onto
the strongest lone present. U2 produces a
square wave with exactly a 50% duty cycle,
Ql provides protection for the computer; the
output of U2 may exceed 5 volts.
The RS-232 pon is used only as a source of
plus and minus 5 or 6 volts. The busy input of
the printer port happens to be connected to a
hardware timer which is used to measure the
length of each pulse. You must adjust R3 for
an output of roughly 1750 Hz with no input.
You don't need a frequency counter for this
adjustment; pressing the ****' key on the nu-
meric keypad wUl display on screen the ap*
proximate frequency of the signal frtum the
interface.
Cone lu.s ion
A phase-locked loop works well with a
strong, clean signaK but not so well under
noisy conditions. Holding a microphone near
a speaker driven by a square wave isn't ideal
for generating a clean signal* and swapping
mom
:c3
I — t X T tL 1 I
fli
■OT
VJ7
RZ
10
C5
L/l
cz
I
"j^^
TTn
Ql
J1
r~2oi
t *
n
[
PI
i . ■
J
Figure Z Lc^w cost inierfacefor receive.
44} 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
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73 Amateur Radio • December, T989 4t
mm
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I
I
I
I
Yes, please send infor-
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Table 2.
Conversion of RGB to Luminance and Chrominance
CokF
black
R
0.0
G
0.0
B
0,0
Y
0.0
R-Y
B-Y
0.0
0,0
dark gray
0^
0J2B
0.25
0^
0.0
0.0
medium gray
0-5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.0
fighigray
0.75
0-75
0J5
0.75
0,0
0-0
whKe
1.0
1.0
IjO
to
00
00
bJtie
0,0
0.0
1.0
0J1
-0J1
0J9
green
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.59
"0.59
-0.59
cyan
0.0
1,0
1.0
0.7
-07
0.3
red
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.7
-0.3
magenla
1.0
0-0
to
0,41
0.59
0.59
ye low
1.0
to
0.0
0.89
0.11
-0.89
cables to receive or print
is ao annoyafice. The
low-cost interface* how-
ever, provides a quick,
easy, and cheap way to
enter the exciting world
of slow-scan television.
Stay tuned next month
when I describe how to
buitd the high perfor-
mance interface!
RGfcrences
'Edwards, Jon R,. Robinson.
Phillip, «nd McLaugMn. Bren-
da, 'The Atari S20ST/' BYTE,
January 1986, page 84.
'RobiTison, Phillip, and Ed-
wards, Jon R,. "The Atari
KMOST-" BYTS. Mtrcb 1986,
pageM.
^Menconi, Dave, "The Alari
1040ST- ' BYTE. Febrttajy
lt87, page 231.
^Sudmg. Robert WiLMD. "8
and 12 sectind single -frame col-
or SSTV." TheBestofAS-SlQw
Scan Teievision, page 34.
[Reprint bookkl number 103 /rom ESF Copy Services,
4011 Ckwview Drive, Cedar Falls lA 506 13, $10 plus $1
post age. 1 Suditijii for mots are not commonly u&ed now.
^Robot Re^arch, Inc.. Instruction Book— Model 1200Q
Section Wine, "Techmcal Descripiion" Manuai is avitiiabk
Table 3. Parts list for Low Cost Interface
Pan. Nc
i. Descnption Quantity
Price
CtC2
100 |iF electro^. 10 V
2
@.19
ca
0.1 tiF disc cefaniic
.15
C4
0.01 }jF mylar
.11
C5
0.001 ^iF myfar
.06
cd
0.033 tiFm/lar
.11
Dt02
1N4O01
2
@.io
J1
DB-25S connector to modem port
.79
PI
DB-25P conneciof to printer porl
75
Q1
2N3904 or similar
.12
R1R2
4.7 k
2
@.06
m
10 k trim pot
89
m
22k
.06
m
NE 565, phase-locked locp
.99
m
CD 4013, dual type D ffipfloii
.29
perlboard (RS part 276-150)
.99
two14prnlC»xkels
2
#.39
Approinmate fofal
S7,00
prices sfKJwn are frmn a typical mail-Ofder catalog, except where ^
a Radio
Stiack (ftS) pan number Is listed.
.<^pamte!y for SZ3 from Robot Ressarch, /wr,, 5636 Ruffin
Rmd. San Diego CA 92123. Tei. {619} 279-B430, Essentiall)}
the ^ma informafion is in "Upgrade Your Robot 400 S5TV
Convemr, "Vi^ BeM ofA5—Roboi 40Q Mtyds, page 41, ESF
reprint booklet 1 10. Same price as above.
Nets, Newsletters, and Magazines
The Jniematidnal Visual Cornmunicallon Association (TVCA) has four weekly SSTV pwts;
Nonh Amencan SaL 1500 UTC. 14.230 Mhiz
South Anwncan W^.2300UTC. 14.236 MHz
Eyropean Sat. 1300 UTC, 14.233 MHi
Soum Pacific Sun. 0400 UTC. 14^47 MHz
Another SSTV net, The Siow Scan TV Networit, meets on Saturdays at 1 800 UTC. also on 1 4.230 MHz. This
one tends to have fewer pictures and more technical discussions.
The Atari Microcomputer Network meets Sundays at 1600 UTC On 14.326 MHz, This is a good source of
infqrmalion on ham applications for Atari computers. The group also publishes a newsletter cailed Ad Astra. The
cost is $15 US or $1S CDISi for six issues per yeat. Those outside US or Canada shouid add an extra $5 for
additional postage. The editor is Gil Frederick VE4AG, 130 Maureen Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3K 1M2
CANADA.
The United States ATV Society (USA TVS) publishes The Spec^Com Journal. This Is primarily oriented
toward fast scan TV, but there ^s usually some mention of SSTV Cost is S20 for six issues per year. Add an
additionai SS for maiiing to Canada and Mexico. Anii SI 0 for other countries A net is held each Tuesday night at
2000 Eastern time on 3.871 MHz. The Spec-Corn Journal. P.O. Box H. Lowden I A 52255-0409.
TheBriltsh Amaleyr Television CtubiSATC) publisher the quarterly CD- TV magazine. Annual membership
IS £6, For a membefShip appHcation. $er»d an SASE to Dave Lawtoi^ G4)AN0, Grenehurst/ Pinewood Road,
Htgh Wycombe, Bucks HPl 2 400 ENGLANO, The US repfeseniauve ts Wyimn Research, inc., R.B. #1 flox 95,
WaldnDn m 461 82 Wote for irrfofmaliof* about currem rates in S US.
An announcement of a new magazine appeared just as t was putting the finishing touches ort this article:
Amateur Television Quarterly , 1 545 Lee St . Suite 73, Oes Ptaines II 6001 8, A subscnp^ion costs SI 5 per year.
(Add an addttional S5 fof postage to Canada or S1 0 for other cou nines.)
ASTUR has a newsletter which {% available only on disks^ Cost is two disks (one wifl t^e returned) and a few
IRCs, ASTUR (Atari ST Users on Radio). GEERAERT Michel W. Bsschoilann 21 , 8-8460 Koksijde, Belgium.
42 73 Amateur Radio • December. 1989
Xi'xtDay
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Numt»er26 on youf Feedback card
AM HELP
Your Bulletin Board
We are tiappy to QroviiSB Ham Help fisUngs free on a
spBce Bv^tiAbie basis. To make our fob easter arni to
ensure that your listing is i^mect, piease type or print
your request dearty, tkjubfe spaced, on ahin(Q¥t*M
tt'} sheet of paper You may also upload a Hstmg as
E-mail to Symp to the 73 883 (1200 baud, 8 data
bits, no parity, f stop bit, PH:603'525-4433) . Use
upper- and fower-case lett&rs where appropriate. Ai-
so. pnnt numbers carefulfy—a 1, for example, cant>e
mtsread as the letters t or i, or even the number 7.
Thank you for your cooperation.
I am looking for accessories for my Vaesu FT-101Z
such as ©xtemal VFO, speaker, etc. Persons with
anything for sale for the 1 01 Z please write orcall with
description, condition and price. Atso, need any
technical information for the Tandy Model 600 tapiop
computer such as Memory Map, how to access the
serial port from BASIC, use of the external disk drive
port, and how to use MS-OOS/PC-DOS DEBUG to
write library routines for the Model 600 (an 8088
machine like the IBM,) Contact: Heyward Bozard. Jr.
mvfK. 234 Pinehiif Road, N.W., Orangeburg $C
291 15. {803} S3&4}72Q/534-5350 (88$}, Compu-
Serve T027Q,S3&GEnle HBOZARO.
Wanted: Assembly sheets, parts list, schematics
and instfuctjons for Conar Model 400 transmitter.
Purchased through NationaJ Radio Institute. Will pay
copying and mailing cost.
Charles Hall. 495 West l&lh. Russeflville AR 72801 .
I am researching a tKiok on the life and limes of
Arthur Godfrey. I understand Mr Godfrey had a very
early p unusual call sign. Can anyone tell me what it
was? Thank you. Contact: Lee R t^unsick, 20 Harris
et Drive, Whippany NJ 0796 t-t906.
I am in need of schematic diagrams of a 1 50 watt
generic switching type power suppfy used in a IBM
XT clone, and also of a 2400 baud generic internal
modem (which says BDP, Inc. or Best Data Products
as a possible company name on it). Contact: Marvin
flAoss W4UXJ, Box 28601, AUanta OA 30358,
\ need an operating manual and schematic for a
Yaesu FT207R. t wiP pay all associated costs for a
copy, or I will copy and return the original Thank you.
Contact: Don Rictimond, PO Box t53, Tafcoa WV
24981,
Msdifed: A schematic and manual tor a Halli-
craftei's Model S-38C, Also, any updaies on the
ICOM IC-22S. A-B switch and the 145 MZ MOD, I will
pay lof copying and handling, Contact: TedJenson
HESWf, HCftSa Box 7-A, Spooner Wi5480f.
Help me pleaset ... I need a service manyal and
diagram for my Attas 350 XL Transcefvef I wilt pay
for copy. Hoping for your answer as soon as possi-
ble. Thank you. Contact: Paulo Cesar dos Santos
PP2 ZOy Riia Osmundo Rodrigues da Cunha,, No.
605, Araguari MiNAS GERAIS 38440, Brazii,
I am In the process of restoring two old Edgecom
radios series 3000. and an FIVfS 24 and FMS 25. I
need any service information on these two u nils and
pans descriptions. Contact: Mike Herman KC9NF,
1549 N. Cicero Ave., Chicago tL 6065 r. (312} 276-
6666 days.
CIRCLE 66 U.S fi^ADER S^RVK^ECAHD
Number 3f on your Feedbacic card
73 Review
by Pete Put man KT2B
Mirage D15 70cm Amp
Boost your HT up to mobile power.
Mirage, Inc.
PO Box 1000
Morgan Hill. C A 95037
Pnce Class: $155
I
Marage has added a new "brick" in its
extensive line of solid-state power am-
plifiers. The D15 is intended for general use in
the 70cm (420-450 MHz) band and is class
AB1 linear biased to facilitate FM, SSB, CW,
and even ATV operation.
What makes this particular design different
is its simpncity, made possible by the use oF a
Toshiba S-AU4 power module instead of dis-
crete transistors* The circuit board layout is
simplified considerably. RF-sensed keymg is
used for TX/RX operation, but there is no pro-
vision for hard keying. A potentiomeler is ac-
cessible through the side panel to set the
drop-out delay in the SSB mode, while drop-
out is instantaneous in the FM mode.
The heat sink and chassis are similar to the
622 and G22 series amplifiers, except that a
new slotted cover is used for better cooling.
Front panet controls are power oN/Of^F and SSB/
FM MODE. Two LEDs indicate when the unit is in
line and whan it's keyed up. Incidentally, the
D15 does not use an antenna relay, relying
instead on diode switching. This makes a lot of
sense at this frequency^ and the "ciunk" of
432.000 MHz
iN OUT
0.5W 0*
0.65 W 2 W
0.7 W 4W
0.8W ew
OJW 8W
1 W 10W
1.SW 15W
446.£KK3 MHz
IN OUT
aSW 2W
0.65 W 4W
0.7 W 5W
OeW 3W
Q9W tow
1W 13W
1,5W 17 W
aw ieW@3.0A 2W 18W@3,4A
* There is a sharp *'knee" on the 432 range as the
powef rises from little or no output and quickly
scars lo 4-5 Watts output In both cases, the
am pi I Her tsecomes saturated with 2 Walts of drive
Table 7. Power input vs. output for the Mirage
DWampifffer.
relay contacts pulling in isn't missed.
Mirage states thai the amplifier will develop
over 15 Watts output when fully saturated with
2 Watts of drive, and that the msertion loss is
less than 1.5 dB. (The D15 has no internal
preamplifier) According to the manual, as lit-
tle as ,25 Watts will result in 6 Watts output
across the 70cm band, so the D1 5 would seem
to be ideal for hand-held users and ATV enthu-
siasts with 1 to 2 Watts output available.
Performance
The Mirage Dt5 was tested wtth a variable
70cm RF source using two Bird Model 43 me-
ters—one at the input and one at the output. A
Termaiine reststor was used to terminate the
D15. Two 50Q attenuators were used before
the amplifier to ensure linear power oulput
from the 70cm source. Measurements were
made at 432.000 MHz and at 446.000 MHz,
covering the weak signal, ATV, and FM seg-
ments of the 70cm band. See Table 1 .
Conclusions
The 015 Is a well built amplifier that essen-
tially meets the published specifications for
atl*mode operation. The workmanship is of
excellent quality. The most likely users of this
product would appear to be hand-held
transceiver owners looking tor a bit more pow-
er from home or the car, and ATV operators
typically equipped with QRP transmitters.
While Mirage claims full rated output with an
intermittent duty cycle and no cycle times are
claimed, I found the output fairly stable during
a 3 minute key-up test into a 50Q load.
pouimn
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DRSFs M-24 modem for 2400
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•Complete Monitoring of Video iind
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Qf i^bon <4t I ti^tt. Bill il '*r<ttki DX lui^Eoi<-t
i AV'jk iv. H«w tbMt • low p»6l« M 40 JO m-
i»is jcr? Or 1 1 4kmtm K«ot«d<f t^t dhr snk?
Ail €u% fit dbc pociui»$oi-Ptwvl i:^ » Sf^
Mock DX widiimi utUin^ Hit nd^hbon
iAf^i»efc SI An tcrt tm $ We $ t
CtRCLE 5 DhT READER SERVICE CARD
46 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
Nufntwr t4 on your Feedback eard
ACKET TALK
Latest in Digital Hamming
I
Brian Uoyd W86RQN
5712 Stitlwelf Road
Rockviile MD 20B51
Apologies
I recently spokewith Tom Moul-
ton W2VY of ihe Radio Amateur
Tetecommunications Society
(RATS) about my article on net-
working (pp. 60-62} in ihe October
packet issue of 73. Tom is the au*
thor of the ROSE networking pack-
age. He spotted some eirors and
unclear statements in the article.
First, the ROSE packet switch
does not contain an implementa-
tion of the OSI transport protocol
TP1* Second, the statement,
"ROSE can't communicate with
NET/ROM, NET/ROM can't com^
municate with TexNet, and
TexNet can't communicate with
ROSE/* is incorrect. Afthough
they can't intercommunicate on
the network level, all these proto-
cols can indeed communicate at
the AX.25 level . Users can manu-
ally set up a path involving all of
these different types of network
node as long as they set up the
path like KA-Node: by issuing a
connect commajid at each point
along the way. Such a network
can't switch packets between the
different networks aulomatically.
If youVe interested in the ROSE
packet switch, and you want more
information about it, contact Tom
MouHon W2VY at RATS, 206
North Vlvyen Street, Bergenffefd,
New Jersey 07627; (201) 387^
889$.
A0i8lyrbance in the Ether
Over the past two years many
packet radio enthusiasts have
hed to deal with nasty messages,
excessive QRM, and verbal
abuse. The complaint? "You (fill
in the blank— TCPers. NET-
ROMers, TEXneters, etc.) are ru-
ifiiog packet radio for us legits
mate* users/' I have afso heard,
''My digtpealer/NET-ROM is for
(egitimale packet radio use— no!
for TCP/PR" How about this one,
"That BBS is making it so that I
can't have a QSO with Fred (or
Jim, or whoever). That *!-&$%
BBS owner ought to get his own
frequency and quit messing up
ours/' My personal favorite is.
"You can^t legally send TCP/IP
over the air because it isn't AX.26
and the FCC regs only allow
AX.25 packets on the air.'
.L^ ff
No, it's Not Illegal I
There are really three problems:
people who like to monitor every-
thing on the channel and who
don't like all the binary "garbage"
from the networking protocols; too
many people on one frequency;
and poor frequency sharing. The
first problem turns out to be an
oversight on the part of the people
who wrote the rirmware for early
TNCs. Every AX.25 packet con-
tains a field called the Protocol
IDentifier (PID). This tells the re-
ceiver what kind of data is con-
tained in the packet.
In the early days of packet, ev-
erything was senl with the same
PID (hex value F0) indicating that
the packet contained ASCII text.
NET/ROM. TEXnet. TCP/fP.
ROSE, and text all use different
RID values to differentiate be-
tween them. These PID values are
part of the AX.25 specification.
The monitor mode of many TNCs
ignores the content of the PID
field, so if you turn your monitor
on. you see garbage on the screen
or on the printer. The solution is to
get a later version of firmware for
your TNG or get a new TNC.
This also touches on the conn*
plaint that yse of TCP/IP, NET/
ROM. TEXnet. ROSE, or any oth-
er networking or special protocol
is unlawful. Not true! Each of the
above mentioned protocols uses
a technique called encapsulation,
Le., every TCP, NET/ROM,
TEXnet, or ROSE transmission Is
completely contained in a perfect-
ly valid AX.25 frame. All of these
protocols are perfectly valid and
legal in an amateur packet radio
environment, on HForVHF.
To go one step further, the FCC
regulations do not even require an
amateur station to send data us-
ing AX.25, They only require that
the operator maintain a written de-
scription of the modulation and
encoding techniques used at the
station, and that the encoding/
transmission method be used to
enhance communications and not
be intended to prevent others
from receiving and decoding the
transmissions.
Frequency Crowding
In populated areas, too many
people may be on one frequency.
A 1200 baud channel can handle
only about 700-800 bauds aver-
age throughput- When you have
several people typing to one an-
other, the channel can handle
many users befofe it reaches sat-
uration, but as you throw in a com-
puter that can type faster than a
human, you begin to see prob-
lems with channel capacity. The
BBS is a perfect example of this.
The answer? Provide more fre-
quencies to divide the load and
improve channel sharing. There is
a simple reason why most people
do not want to move to a different
frequency: without a packet switch
or BBS on (he new frequency, they
can't reach the rest of the world
from there. On the other hand, try-
ing to cram all the users in one
area onto one or two frequencies
is pretty crazy, too. Instead of
putting up more digipeaters, it
would be better to spend the tfme
and money putting up duplex
dtgipealers (dual-frequency, real*
time, digital repeaters) and cross-
band packet switches.
Obviously, more frequencies
will help eliminate overcrowdmg.
There are LOTS of frequencies
available for packet. Six meters,
220 MHz. and 70cm (430-450
MHz) are grossly underused.
33cm (902-928 MHz) is virtually
unused. 23cm (1.2 GHz) is also
underused AND it is one of the
bands where Novices can oper-
ate.
Efficient Use of Frequencies
Surphsmgly, file transfers and
BBS operation don't have to mo-
nopolize a frequency. Several
years ago. I set up three stations
on 220. 1 set station A transmitting
a file to statton e^ B sending a file
to C, arKJ C sending a fife to A.
Here were three stations ali en-
gaged in file transfers simulta-
neously. Ail three file transfers
proceeded concurrently without a
hitch. The final result was a charv
nel throughput of about 300 bits
per second, and a retry/retrans-
mission rate of about 5%. How did
I do it?
The first thing I did to improve
performance was to use a duplex
digipeater (input on 222.06 and
retransmit on 223.66). With a du-
plex digipeater, there was no
digipeater delay, so all transfers
proceeded at full speed. The du-
plex dtgipealer also made it possi-
ble for all three stations to hear
one another. This reduced colli-
sions at the digipeater. which
meant fewer retransmissions.
Next I took advantage of p-per-
sistent CSMA, using the persist
and slottime commands in my
TNC, now a standard part of all
Kantronics and AEA TNCs. With
p-persistent CSMA I was able to
greatly reduce the number of cotli-
sions caused by two or more sta-
tions trying to transmit at the same
time (a situation I guaranteed by
having several file transfers going
at once).
The third thing I did was to use
TCP/IP. TCP does several things
that AX.25 does not, Rrst. TCP
measures the lime it takes to get
an ACK back for every packet ft
sends^ It keeps a running tally of
this round-trip time and sets the
retransmission timer (FRACK in
AX.25 parlance) to twice the aver-
age round-trip time. If there are
fewer users and the channel load-
ing Is light, the round-trip time is
short. If there are many users, or
the channel loading is heavy, the
round-trip time is much longer.
T>ie net result is that TCP does not
resend packets unnecessarily.
Another feature of TCP Is some-
thing called backoff. Every lime
TCP must resend the same pack-
et, it waits longer. This results in
the channel becoming quieter
very qurckfy when there are lots of
collisions and lots of lost packets.
Just for fun. I tried the same
experiment again and tried esiab-
lishing an ^.25 connection on
the same channel. The fjle trans-
fers proceeded as before, but the
AX.25 station could not keep from
timing out and eventually break-
ing the connection.
Making AX.25 More Efficient
There are some things that you
can do to make your AX.25 opera-
tions more efficient and to make
your station share the channel
mora efflcientiy. First, it your
station supports p-perslstent CSMA
(that is, if your TNC has the persist
and slottime commands), use it.
Set DWAIT to 0 and set slottime
and persist as I described in 73's
Packet issue (October 1989). Set
MAXFRAME to 1 so that every-
body gets a shot at the channel
with every packet.
Lastly, set FRACK to a much
bigger number so that your pack-
ets will have a chance to get to the
receiver, and the ACK will have
time to get back.
Consideration
The bottom line is this: packet
radio is a hobby, and we owe it to
each other lo act in a courteous
and thoughtful manner. Com-
plaining without understanding
Will not get anyone anywhere. We
owe it to each other to discuss
issues ration a My, without casting
aspersions.
73 Amateur Radio * December. 1989 47
POWER
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Performance, Yours and your
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To be a truly world-class com-
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Designed for the elite global
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With state-of-the-art design
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FT- 1000 will blow away your
competition with a spec-
tacular combination of power
and operating flexibility This
HF transceiver boasts a Hst of
© 1989 Yaesu USA, 17210 Edwards Road Cerritos, CA 90701 {BOO) 999-2070
nn nn
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2^0 500 2.0^ ^**^
24 S
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msm J 1 TUNER START MSCAM
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features and options that other
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200 watts RF power output;
Built-in TCXO, for superior
frequency stability: Indepen-
dent filter selection; Dual
receive with balance control
and two tuning knobs for
simultaneous reception lo
tough pile-up situations.
Using BPF-1 allows cross-
band dual receive-
such as digital %'oice-recording
system (DVS-2) for storing
and playback "CQ Contest"
messages. On RX the DVS-2
has a 16-second running
memory for playing back
garbled calls. There's also a
CW spot controU so you can
align your frequency to that of
an incoming signal without
having to transmit; Plus direct
keyboard frequency entry;
Front panel RX antenna selec-'
tor; Built-in cascaded filters;
Dual-mode noise blanker.
And the receiver front-end
uses a four JFET up-conver'
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This HF rig is the product of
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See the exciting new^ FT- 1000
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MING IN
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T-Hunting Fun on Six Meters
Mosl hams in the USA think of 2
meter FM when someone brings
up the subject of transmitter hunt-
ing. But there has been — and stHI
is — lots of hunting excitement on
other bands. In my Novice days,
HF mobile was the rage, particu-
larly 10 and 75 meter AM. So
that's where hams did T-hunting.
(Ask me about my trunk-mounted
Vibrator-powered DX-40 some*
time.) Nowadays p inexpensive
mobile and portable rigs are avail*
able for almost every band, so the
possibilities for foxhunting fun are
limitless.
Transmitter hunts have been a
monthly activity of the Southern
California Six Meter CJub (SC-
SMC) for over three years, using
50.300 MHz FM. the local calling
frequency. When SCSMC volun-
teered to put on the hunt for the
1989 ARRL Southwestern Divi-
sion Convention, the SCSMC offi-
cers decided to have one of the
three hidden transmitters be on
50.300, Substantial cash prizes
created a sudden swelling of inter-
est in 6 meters among serious
southern California T-hunt com-
petitors.
Because 6 meters fs on the bor-
der between HF and VHF. it has
some of the characteristics of
each. Ttie ground wave is very re-
liable for loca* QSOs, but the band
opens for great DX via the F layer
when sunspot activity goes up.
Sporadic E propagation livens
things up in the late spring and
summer months. As a bonus,
there is added excitement from
aurora and meteor propagation at
times.
Six meters is a very interesting
band for transmitter hunting. It
most closely resembles 10 me-
ters, but reflections and muKipalh
from hills and other features of the
terrain are more likely. Reflec-
tions are much less prevalent than
on 2 meters, however.
SCSMC holds hunts once a
month on Saturday morning, The
boundary is a 15 mile radius from
the hilltop starling point. The hider
must usea vertigally polarized an-
tenna and be on the air continu-
ously. The team with lowest
mileage from start to finish wins
Radio Direction Finding
the hunt. Time is not a factor,
which encourages safe driving
arid careful T-hunting techniques.
Despite these restrictions,
hiders can still put on challenging
hunts because of the varied urban
and rural terrain in the area.
Transmitting antennas are larger
than for 2 meters, but hiders find
clever ways to conceal them.
Rigs Are Plentiful
I can hear you saying. **Hqw
can I hunt on six? I've never even
operated there/' Too bad. You've
missed some great fun. But you
don't have to shetJ out big bucks to
join the action. Look around — ^yoo
may find you have most of your
setup already.
Small battery-powered portable
rigs, such as the Yaesu FT-^^OR,
are popular for T-hunting, al-
though the dynamic range of the
S*meter is too wide for my taste.
Older solid state rigs, such as the
Yaesu FT-620. show up inexpen-
sively al flea markets. They work
on 12 volts and are easy to modify
for an external S-meter, internal
attenuator, and other goodies.
''Loop users
frequently win the
local hunts/*
Do you have a scanner in your
shack? Chances are good that
you can use it for T-hunting. Sony.
Kenwood, AOR. Bearcat, Regen-
cy and Cobra have scanner mod*
els that receive at least part of the
6 meter band and work on internal
batteries or an external 12 volt
supply. Older commercial handie-
talkies for 30-50 MHz by Motorola
and RCA are inexpensive and
convert readily to 6 meters.
As on other bands, there are
several options for 6 meter hunt-
ing antennas. The one you
choose depends on how you're
searching (foot or vehicle), what
youVe hunting {horizontal or verti-
cal, fixed or moving, weak or
strong), and how much effort you
want to expend in preparation*
Loops Are Easy
The simplest 6 meter RDF
scheme is the loop antenna. As
Photo A. Bob Hastings K6PHE uses a G meter T-hunting loop on his
vehlcfe and on fooL
regular readers know, I dislike
loops on other VHF bands, but
small loops perform adequately
on 6 meters when there is enough
signal strength. Many hunters use
them successfully. You can build
a competitive loop in just a tew
minutes.
The loop design in Figure
1 comes from John Wendt
WA6BFH. All you need is a 27^yi*
inch piece of RG-11 75Q coax,
two PL-259 connectors, a UHF
Tee connector, and adapters to
get to your downlead.
Install PL-259 connectors on
each end of the RG-l l coax piece,
leaving the center conductor con-
nection open on one end. Con-
nect the PL-259's to the Tee to
form the loop. Cut the jacket and
braid of the RG-1 1 coax at the ex-
act center (top of the loop), leaving
a half-inch gap with the center
conductor and dielectric intact.
Cover the gap with black electri-
cal tape and hook the loop to the
receiver with a suitable length of
RG-58 or RG'8X coax. No tuning
is necessary. You wilt gel two
sharp nulls (minimum signal
points) looking through the loop,
exactly 180 degrees apart. Signal
peaks will be in the plane of the
loop, at right angles to the nulls.
The nulls give the most accurate
line of bearing. When the signal Is
too weak to discern the nulls, use
the peaks instead.
Mount the loop on a length of
PVC pipe or a wooden broomhan-
dle as in the photo. Hold it up over
your head when taking bearings,
keeping it as far away as possible
from the vehicle to avoid distortion
of the nulls. Power lines, metal
fences^ and the like can also
cause bearing inaccuracies when
they are near 6 meter loops, so
stay away from them.
You can hold your loop out the
window when mobile, but it's
much better to provide a sturdy
mount with a 360 degree indicator
ro give an accurate line of bearing
for map plotting and triangulation.
For best results in all weather,
mount the mast through a hole in
the car foof (see *' Homing In" for
July 1989).
As you close in on the fox» the
signal wilt get so strong that it will
fill in the nulls, so you*ll need an
internal or external RF attenuator
capable of at least 80 dB gain re-
duction ahead of the receiver (see
*' Homing In'' for March 1989),
Ahead or Behind?
I have previously pointed out
that Ihe biggest disadvantage of
simple bops is their bidirectional
patterns. You have to carefully
plot bearings and "circle in" on
the hidden transmitter with a dual-
null antenna, or else you could
find yourself going away from the
transmitter instead of toward it*
50 73 Amateur Radio • December. 1909
I
I
TWIN BANDER
DR-570T
The ALINCO Model DR-570T is a dual band transceiver offering btj
small package* The independent main band and sub-band operation perl
duplex operation. The front panel is easy to read and understand. The
display lets the operator know at a glance which functions are in operation. The
built-in duplexer has a single antenna output for a dual band antenna, ALINCO
has listened to the consumer and in response has created the versatile DR-570T
which is truly user-friendly with minimal effort
* ULTRA-COMPACT BODY
5 7» ■ tW) X 2" (H) X 8 Vi" (D)
. H!GH POWER
45 watts on 2M and 35 watts on 70 on.
Approximately 5 watts low power.
* EXTENDED RECEIVER RANGE
(130^169.995 MH^:) on 2M, 144-147,995 MHz
transmit. 440-449.995 MHz on 70 on.
(transmit and receive)
(Specifica lions guaranteed on amateur
bands only, Modifiable for MARS/CAP
permits required)
* SIMULTANEOUS
Receiving on both bands at the same time
Scanning: intermix scan modes on tx>th
bands at the same time
m INDEPENDENT
Tlie volume, squekh and control dial are
independently adjustable on both bands.
You can store the following information on
both bands at the same time. Priority
function, choice of 37 encoding/ decoding
sul>-tone frequendes.call channel^ scan
function (program, memory channel, VFO
or unique open channel scan), memory skip,
bell function^ + or - repeater shifts
FULL FEATURES
« FULL DUPLEX CROSS BAND OPERATION
Transmit on one band while receiving on the
other band — telephone style*
AUTOMATIC BAND EXCHANGE (A.B.X.)
When in the ABX function is active, an
incoming signal on the sub-band will activate *
an automatic exchange be tureen the main band
and the sub-band,
PRIORITY
The VFO frequency is monitored for 5 seconds
and then shifts for one second to the selected
priority channel (In both bands at the same
tinne}.
DUAL SPLTT SHIFT OPER^ATION
Operates odd offset opera tion
BELL FUNCTION
REPEATER REVERSE FUNCTION
CALL CHANNEL FUNCTION «
BEEP FUNCTION
20 MEMORIES (W FOR EACH BAND) <
Each memory channel can store
frequency, repeater offset, en code /decode
frequency*
4 SCANNING MODES
Program scan, memory scan, band scan and
unique open channel scan (oppK>site to nomiat
busy scan). Scan stops on a busy (or opwn
channel) channel andthen re^um^
approximately 5 seconds after stopping even
if the signal is still picsent
REPEATER 0PER.AT10N
The DR-570T can be used as a cross band
repeater.
EASY TO OPERATE FUNCTION
LARGE AMBER MULTI-FUNCTION LCD
DISPLAY
Visible in all conditions, it indicates main and
sub^band frequencies, frequency step> 'on
air'^, *'calJ'; "CTCSS^ TR]^ "REV\ "-", ** . '\
"A " T (tone), tone frequency, "MUTE",
"LOCK", ' ABX^ 'jV', "BUSY", 'T\ S/RF
meter", "REV '
MHz FUNCTION FOR BOTH BANDS
One MHz is increased or decreased per touch
SELECTABLE DUAL AND SINGLE BAND
OPERATIONS
One touch selection with pressing of twin key
SELECTABLE BAND MODE (MAIN/ SUB}
One touch selection with pressing of band key
ILLUMfNATED FRONT PANEL CONTROLS
16'KEY DTMF MICROPHONE
With memory channel and frequency change
up /down buttons.
GS^
AUNCO
ALINCO ELECTRONICS INC.
20705 S WESTERN AVE., SUtTE 104
TORRANCE, CAUFORNIA 90501
Tei; (213} 616-8616 • FAX: (213} 618-8758
CmOLE 67 OM READER SERVICE CARfi
ntroducing the only
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Scan betii%"een two frequencies,
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holdX One button Call
channel is a quick w-ay to get
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The art of Low Power
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lOFA
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r ^frM.^
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Best to start with.
Best to stay with.
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r-CUT BRAID AND JACKET ONLY
2? 1/2 INCHES
RQ'il COAX
PL-259 WITH
CENTER CONNECTION
^PL-25»S
NO CENTER CONNECTtON
ADAPTER TO YOUR LEAO-IN
tRG-58| ANt LENGTH I
Figure 1. A simple loop for B meters.
For mobUd hunting, there ts a
convenient way to fesofve the fig-
ure-8 problem. A whip antenna
mounted on the lender near a cor*
ner of the vehicle has a pattern
that is unidirectional on some ham
bands. Mount a quarter-wave
whip on the left rear deck and
you1l find that S*meter readings
are higher when the hidden T rs in
front of you and somewhat to the
right. The directional lobe is
broad, but it*s good enough to tell
which of the two loop nulls to
follow.
This trick may seem crude, but
it works quite well for 6 and 10
meters on most vehicles. You*H
want a 6 meter whip on your car
anyway, so you can talk to the
hidar. This puts it to another good
use. Use a coax switch for rapid
selection of the Eoop or the whip
during the hunt.
By the way, standard Hustler
HF mobile masts (except for the
MO-4) are 56 inches long (without
resonators), so they work fine as
quarter-wave mobile verticals on
six. Another good choice ts the
Larsen 2 meter %-wavelength
magnetic mount antenna. The
whip IS a quarter wavelength on
six. It matches quite weil without
modification at 50.3 MHz.
It's possible to add a "sense"
antenna and phase shift network
to a loop to resolve the directional
ambiguity. The surplus AT-249/
GRD and AT-339/PRC units are
ready-made RDF antennas incor*
porating this technique. Both are
rugged, easy to use, and cover 47
to 55.4 MHz by design. Unfortu-
nately, they are becoming drfftcult
to locate stnce T-hunlers have dis-
covered their usefulness and
snapped them up.
Beginner's Luck?
Despite its lack of sophistica-
tion, the simple loop does the job
on 6 meters. Loop users frequent-
ly win the local hunts. Kevin Kelly
N60AB, an expenenced 2 meter
hunter, came out on t^is first 6 me-
ter hunt recently. He used the
WA6BFH loop, a whip, a scanner
with S-meter, and an external at-
tenuator. His 2 meter hunting ex-
perience paid off« because he
ended up wfth low mileage that
day,
A loop is by no means the best 6
meter hunting antenna. The small
capture area of a Fractional wave-
length loop makes it much less
sensitive than larger antennas.
This by itself is not usually a
severe problem, because the SC-
SMC rules require that the hidden
T provide a signal that iscopyable
on loop antennas at the starting
point. But if your receiver isn't
**hot/' you'll want to add a
preamp.
There are other good ways to
hunt on 6 meters, but there is no
more space this month. Next lime,
I'll tell you how quads and homing
RDFs can help you win 6 meter
hunts, Thanks to Bob Hastings
K6PHE, Gracie Hastings N6FSL.
Wit Anderson AA6DD, John Wendt
WA6BFH, and all the other SC-
SMC hunters for their technical
assistance and for helping to pro-
mote T-hunting on 6 meters
ow receive or
leave messages
with other local hams
using the 16K Bulletin
Board featured on the
smallest TT^C available -
thcHcalli»HK2t
Pocket Packet.
The BBS operates
under vour call with
simple commands
like Send or Write a
message, Kill a message
and read the File
messages currently on
the system. And the
HK-21 Pocket Packet is
fully TN02 compatible
Hookup Is €3Sy*
Plug in supplied cables
instanfiv to most
HT's, or 'Wire a separate
cable into your mtjbile
or base VHP or L'HF
rig. Connect your
Get your
message
across...
even when
no one is
listening.
0'"^'-,
computer via RS-252
and ) oure ready to call
a fast -growing numt>ef
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TheHK21 Pocket
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single 12 MX:@iaiiiA
pt)\^'er source or as
liiile as 29mA from an
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intemally mounted 4.8
v(>it,120'mA!i,NICAD
battery.
The Heath® HK-
21 Pocket Packet -
$219
QC (Amateur
net price)
To order, call
18002 530570
For information ott
f leaih's complete
line of amateur mdio
products call
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for your FREE
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^w.
Best to start vvith.
Best to stay with.
Heath Companv
Berrion Hart>or, Ml 49022
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CiR€L£ B2 OM REAOO SERVICE QHm
73 Amsieur Radio • December, 1989 S3
Nmnltftr 1 § on v our Feedba.€lc card
Mik0 Bryce WB8VGE
2225 May^ower NW
Massiltan OH 44646
More on Direct
Conversion
Although most selectivity in a
DC receEver is done in the audio
chain, a good solict from end
hefps. A single tuned front end im-
proves oparatJon a great deal.
A double tuned circuit is even
better. Loolc at the circuits in
Figure 1 . created by Denton
Bfamwell K70WJ, for each one.
Values are given for 30 and 40
meters. All the coils are v^ound
with #22 gauge wire. Be sure the
leads are (ong enough to solder to
the board. Since this is not going
to be a step-by-step construction
project, there is no large schemata
ic; rather, what we have are some
good add-on circuits.
Radio Shack sells a perfboard
with a copper ground plane, (deal
for building small receivers or
transmitters. It's easy to cut and
work with. IVo been using it for a
good fong time, with excelfent re-
sults.
Product Detection
The input circuit realty helps cut
down AM detection. It's not a
cure-ali, but it helps a lot. One of
the best places to stop AM detec-
tion Is in the mixer or product de-
tector. I buift a small DC receiver
using a 40673 MOSFET, Worked
great! The only trouble was that.
after dark, when the shortwave
broadcast stations came on.
Picked them up rather well, all of
them, all at the same time. To
make matters worse^ the circuit
was built for 40 meters — broad-
cast station heaven! So, for only
the simplest emergency or
portable gear, feave the 40673 In
the parts bin. You'll be glad you
did,
A singly balanced product de-
tector is the next best- However,
you don*t see too much of this
type of detector around. In most
cases, you'll need to use either a
matched pair of JFETs or an IC^
such as a RCA CA302SA.
You can obtain the best resuHs
with a doubly balanced product
detector The detector can be ei-
ther passive, using diodes, or ac-
tive, using either transistors or an
tC chip. The most common doubly
balanced product detector uses
Low Power Operation
hot-carrier diodes. However, for
us home-brewers, we can get
good results with high speed
switching diodes, such as the
1N914S. It's best to get a match-
ing set of diodes. This is easily
done with a VOM,
When using a passive detector,
we have a conversion toss. Like^
wise, using an active detector,
you may obtain some gain. A
diode-ring detector above 30 me-
ters requires an RF amplifier
ahead of the detector. Rgure 2
shows a working diode-ring detec-
tor, m building this, be sure to
anced mixer and vottage regula-
tor. Most importantly, with this
chip the input voltage MUST be
under 9 volts. Any more than that,
and POOFf I know, in the months
that follow, ril have some simple
circuits using the NES02. Keep
watching.
Audio Chain and Preamp
After the product detector, we
start working with the audio chain.
While some people go directly to a
high gain audio amplifier, I prefer
to add some passive audio fitters.
I've used old 88 mH telephone
coils for this and they work quite
well. Only trouble with these, they
are much too big for most portable
receivers. You can use smaller
coils, but they're harder to come
by. The 88 mH coils are hamfest
"One of the best places
to stop AM detection is in tfre mixer
or product detecton "
watch the phasing of the coils.
Winding these critters and getting
them correct the first time is fun.
If youVe not realty op to winding
a diode-ring product detector, and
I can't really blame you, a com-
merciat unit, the Mini Circuits Lab
3BL-1 DBM is available. It's not
cheap, but it's easy to work with.
Radio Kit in Petham NH (603-
635-2235) sells them. Also ask for
a catalog from the Small Parts
Center, 6818Meese Dr., Lansing,
Michigan, 48911. They also sell
them»
A newer circuit on the market,
the Signetics NE602. has given
rise to a host of DC receivers. This
chip, also available from the Small
Parts Center, has an on-board os-
cillator as well as a doubly bal-
specials.
One of the best reasons for us-
ing a passive fitter is power trans-
fer from the detector to the active
audio stages. Also, the filter re-
moves most of the high frequency
audio (2-15 kHz) from the high
9a}n audio chain. It you've ever
used a pa if of those lightwetght
walk-thing headphones and tuned
Into a 1 5 kHz beat note, you will be
able to appreciate this filter.
A low noise preamplifier some-
times follows the passive filter.
While you can use junk box tran-
sistors, and I've used about every-
thing you can think of, a bw noise
transistor works best.
From the preamplifer. we go to
an active audio filter. I don't care
for my audio to be super-filtered,
Photo A. A smalf home-brewed DC receivef.
so I'm not really picky about how
many stages of filters I use. The
most common circuit uses a
LM324 op amp. Til have a simple
circuit for that in a later column,
along with the final audio amplifier
stage.
Pulsed Battery Charger
The August project, the pulsed
battery charger, did generate
quite a lot of mail and several
phone calls. First things first:
There are some errors in the sche-
matic. The blocking diode wasn't
labeled. It can be a 1N4001 or any
other junk box diode rated at 1
amp or more.
Of course, if you use the LM350
with its 5 amp current rating, you'll
need a larger diode also. Radio
Shack sells a 3 amp diode and, I
think, a 6 amp diode. If you plan to
use the LM350, you'll need to in-
crease the current from the trans-
former and diode bridge setup.
You1l also need a larger trans-
former to handle the extra current
Junk boxl
The unmarked resistor on the
collector of the transistor is 220Q.
The transistor should be a
2N^222 or equal. And last but not
least, the 2.2kQ resistor is shown
as a trimmer, which it is NOT. Use
a 2.2kQ resistor and forget about
the wiper connection,
Gell Cell Batteries
Aside from the critters making a
(fving in my schematics, most of
the phone calls and letters asked
about those crazy gelled batteries
we all find at the hamfests. I did
some digging and came up with a
charging manual from the Globe
Battery Division on Get/Geir t>at-
teries.
According to Globe, the gelled
battery likes to be charged using a
constant voltage*limited current
charging technique. There are a^
so two types of batteries. "A'* and
**B." Type "A" batteries are used
for standby applications. Expect a
life of 100 cycles. Applications In*
elude intrusion alarms, fire and
smoke detectors, uninterruptible
power systems, emergency light-
ing, and computer memory stand-
by power.
Type "B" batteries are for
deep-cycle use. According to
Globe, a new type "B" battery has
an initial capacity of 00-90 per*
cent. After 30-40 complete
charge cycles, it reaches its nomi-
nal rated capacity. After 200 cy-
cles, the capacity slowly drops.
With only minor discharges (40%
or less of capacity), you may get
yp to 1000 cycles. Typical applrca-
54 7$ Amateur Radfo • December. 1989
T-ea-z CORE
U + LZ-Z T||lttf£
LS-34 TUftlfS
^IO0e»F
R'
L3
AN
'^ir
TO
wixEn
AtaT
V
LI I
3[
LZ
to
?
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DOdflLE^ rwwED jw^vr
40
L2
19 tURKS
5 Tuffl«S
L5
3 TUHN.S
T-SO 2
4 TURTiS
CI
171 pF
26ZpF
Ftgure 7. Tuned circuits for DC receivers.
tM*Z
TSO-i
AUDIO
Figure 2. P^^sive diode product detector.
Use matched 1 N9 1 4s,
tions include TV and radios, video
tape recorders, computers, and
toots.
As far as Vve been able to deter-
mine, a battery is type "'A'* or ^^B^'
depending on how you use it In
standby systems, the battery be-
connes a type "A" bat-
tery. If you use the
same battery for deep-
cycle, it becomes a type
*'B" battefy.
The open circuit
voltage for a fully
charged gelled battery
is 2.1 2 volts. Of course,
the voltage is higher
when you first remove
(he battery from the
charger. For a fully dis-
charged battery, the terminal
voltage should be 1 .75 volts after
steadily drawing the current it's
rated for after a 20-hour period.
You can charge a gel-cell at 2-3
times the rated current. For exam-
ple, you can charge a 6 volt, 4,5
Ah battery at 7.2 volts (2-4 volts
per cell), that is rated at a dis-
charge current of 300 mA, with the
charge current limited to between
675 and 900 mA. The battery is
fulty charged once the charging
current stabilizes at a low level for
a few hours.
For standby applicaltons in
which the baltery is operated with
continuous charge, as in emer-
gency lighting, lor unattended
charge a voltage of 2.26 to 2.30
Is recommended. For a 6 volt
battery this would be 6.75 to
6.9 volts.
For cycle use, optimum re-
charge lime is obtamed when a
charge voltage of 2.4 volts per cell
is used. Our 6 volt battery would
require 7.2 volts (2.4 vofts per cell
X 3 cells). The battery is fully
charged when the current drops
to a low value. See the table. If you
want to keep the battery on the
charger, switch to the lower float
voltage of 2.25 vofts per cell.
Any Mods?
Since Tm not the only person
picking up gelled batteries at the
hamfests. Til have more about
these critters next month.
Still looking for mads for the
Heath HW 9 for the third edition of
the Hot Water Handtfook. If I use
them, you'il get a free copy of the
book.
With the weather gelling colder^
now is a good time for some low-
power fun. QRP— better living
with less.
!
Battery Rated
Limit Initial
End of Charge
Capacity^ Amps
Current, Amps
Cyrrent. mA
0.9 lo 1
0.1510 0.20
10^20 1
1.5
0.23 to .30
20-40
2,0
0.3010.40
20-40
2.6
0.40 lo .50
30-60
4.5
OJOtO-90
50^-100
6.0
0.90 to 1.20
60-120
7.5
f.itoi.s
ao-ieo
20.0
3-0 to 4.0
100-300
Table 1. Capacity and initiaf current vs end of charge current forgeiled
batteries.
(313)771-4711
•AVAILABILITY subject to change. SALES
Michigan
WE NOW
HAVE
SERVICE
ALL PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE
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73 Amateur Radio • December. 1989 55
tmmm
^
Number 17 on your Feedback card
Hams A ts
Amateur Radio Via Satellite
Andy MacAttfster WA5ZIB
14714 Knightsway Drive
Houston TX 77083
It's Fixed!
The Mode S (70 cm uplink,
13cm downlink) transponder is fi-
nally workmg to specifications.
Thanks lo the efforts of Peter
DB20S, with the aid of 0N6UG
and G2BF0. the transponder
passband can be commanded oh
A Simple Matter of Timing
A series of tesis were per-
formed l3y Peter DB20S, Peter is
one of the OSCAR 1 3 ground con-
trol stations. By changing the tim-
ing of the system commands em-
bedded In the onboard software,
Peter was able to achieve a com-
bination that brought the satel-
lite's Mode S transponder pass-
band up while bringing down the
Photo A. The AMSAT-OSCAR-13 Mode S converten now working well
is just aver a foot long.
and the telemetry beacon off.
That's the way it's supposed to
work, but yntJl early August it didn't.
Mode S transponder designer
and builder, Bill McCaa K0RZ,
created the device so that either
the beacon or the passband coufd
be activated, but not both al the
same lime. The transpor^der pass-
band is enabled by a logic line that
comes from the satelfite's IHU (In-
ternal Housekeeping Unit com-
puter). If the telemetry beacon is
on, then the logic line is supposed
to turn it off and activate a transis-
tor in the passband efectronics.
Until now it wasn't happening
that way. Commands were sent
with no effect . The beacon signal
would stay on and the passband
would stay off. As a result, 20 dB
more uplink power than anticipat-
ed was required to make Mode S
contacts. The signals from the
ground had to force their way
through the deactivated transistor
\r\ the passband electronics.
Where 1000 watts erp (effective
radiated power) might have been
fine according to the original de-
sign, it actually required more like
1 00,000 watts erp. Many contacts
were made with much less uplink
power, but the received downlink
was always weak,
56 73 Amateur Radio • December. 1989
telemetry beacon. 0N6UG and
G2BF0 listened to the Mode S
downlink frequencies during the
tests to keep Peter instantly in-
formed on the effects of his soft-
ware modifications* The results
were dramatic, Hams using less
Shan 100 watts erp CW were able
to make quality contacts through
the Mode S passband. Thanks to
the efforts of Peter and other tire-
less supporters, we now have a
fully functional microwave
transponder on an amateur radio
satellite.
An Extra ''Feature"
While equipment users call
glitches in computer systems
**bugs." programmers would
rather refer lo them as ''features,"
not all of which are desirable.
When the Mode S passband came
online in August^ unexpected sig-
nals were heard. Apparently a
portion of the Mode B uplink pass*
band also appears in the Mode S
downlink.
The normal Mode S uplink
range is from 435.602 MHz to
435,638 MHz< The corresponding
noninverting downlink is from
2400.71 1 MHz to 2400.747 MHz.
Mode B uplink signals on frequen-
cies between 435.480 MHz and
Photo B. ThB Yaesu USA building in Cerritos, California.
435.516 MHz are also being
downlinked on 13 cm in the same
band segment with Mode S opera-
tors.
Mode S enthusiasts have found
this feature an asset with few
drawbacks On ttie plus side, they
can use the Mode B frequencies
for uplinking. and be heard on
both S and B downlinks. This in-
tngued Mode B users. The down-
linked 2 meter signals are heard
on lower sideband, since the B
passband is inverting while Mode
S is not. The B user can then re-
configure his uplink sigoais to
as (ong as we have access to the
13cm band. The Phase 4 geosta-
tionary hamsat will use the band
extensively. The transponder on
OSCAR 13 is working extremely
well and offers a great opportunity
to experiment , have a lot o( fun,
and make a lot of contacts. Give it
a try!
The *^ZRO" Test
The K2ZR0 Memorial Station
Engineering Award Program, a
contest focusing on operating skill
and equipment performance, was
started a few years ago via AM-
Photo C. One of the many benches for radio repair at Yaesu USA in
California.
match the Mode S user and make
contact. The S user can then tell
the B operator the level of copy on
2400 MHz thus publicizing the ex-
istence of an operational Mode S
transponder passband.
The downside of the multiple
uplink/downlink feature is the
competition for space within the
rather narrow 40 kHz Mode S
passband. The B frequencies
which cross to Mode S are very
popular. Finding an open spot to
operate within the 2.4 GHz down-
link can be a problem.
Mode S ts a mode that will be
with the amateur satellite program
SAT-OSCAR-10. Named in honor
of Kaz Oeskur K2ZR0. designer
of the Satellite OSCAR tracking
A-0-1 3 Mode B ZRO
Test Schedule
downlink signals on
i45M40MHz
Date
Time
Nov. 25 J 989
2030 UTC
Dec. 2. 1989
1240 UTC
Dec. 16, 1989
2000 UTC
Dec. 30, 1989
1600 UTC
Jan. 13, 1990
1200 UTC
Jan. 20. 1990
1530 UTC
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73 Amateur Radro * December. 1989 57
calculator and long-lime AMSAT
supporter, ihe program tests ihe
tistening capabilfties of individu-
efs with the best equipment they
can bring together lor amateur
satellite operation.
Since the attitude of 03CAR-10
is no longer controllable. OSCAR-
13 is used for the tests. A control
station sends and repeats numer*
ic code groups through the satel-
lite's transponder al gradually re-
duced power levels, starling al a
level equal to the general beacon.
Participants monitor and record
the numbers until they have either
copied the 10 wpm CW down to
level "Z9" (27 dB below the bea-
con), or untjl they can no longer
hear the control stalion^s signals.
Those who can hear the satel-
lite's beacon witi also be able to
hear levet "Z(&" of the test and
qualify for the basic award. The
certincate is available through
AMSAT-NA- For free verification
reports to qualify numbers copied,
send an SASE to my address
above. The fun comes from up-
grading station performance and
then pursuing endorsement stick-
ers for the lower power levels. The
goal is to encourage stations to
improve their downlink reception.
Those who hear poorty tend to re-
sort to unnecessary uplink ex-
cesses which drain the satellite s
batteries and desensitize Ihe
satellite transponder for low-pow-
er operators.
The Table shows the dates and
times of ZRO Tests scheduled for
the end of this year and into 1 990«
They were chosen for coverage,
convenience, and optimum oper-
ating conditions. The downlink
frequency via the Mode B
transponder is 145.940 MHz. Oth-
er tests will be set up for Mode L
with a downlink of 435.945 MHz.
You can find the dates and times
on the AMSAT HF Nets.
Only a handful of stations have
copied and reported accurate
"Z9" reception via Mode 8. The
erp from the Test Control Station
IS usually less than ONE watt at
the "Z9" level. Only superb atten-
tion to detail, care in assembling
their stations, and a quiet RF envi-
ronment will allow this kind of re-
ceive performance.
8ut don't wait until you have the
"perfect" station to participate.
Reports have been received from
enthusiasts using many types and
sizes of antennas. One operator
was on a t)oat wrth a 2 meter dipole.
Another was in a car with a mag-
mount. Others using simple 4-ele-
ment yagi antennas, no preamps.
and stock radios without exotic fil-
lers, have copied signals down to
15 dB below the beacon.
Next time a ZRO Test is on, lisr
ten. Just how good is your 2 meter
station? How does it stack up with
other satellite enthusiasts?
A Look at Yaesu
I was In California recently, at
the invitation of Yaesu USA. to
participate on their advisory coun-
cil. As t escaped the incredible
traffic of Los Angeles and headed
for their location in Cerritos, Cali-
fornia, the satellite antennas,
aimed at the sky, caught my eye
before anything else. A pair of KLM
crossed yagis were silently track-
ing the passage of OSGAR-13.
The mirrored front of the 17,000
square foot lacility. with over 40
employees, soon blocked my view,
but I didn't mind — the new FT-
736R, auto-tracking system and
RF Concepts amplifier couldn't be
far away. Within minutes 1 was in-
vestigating the gear and checking
out the orbital predictions.
Chip Margelli K7JA. Yaesu's
Vice President of Customer Ser-
vices, had been tracking the satel-
lite. In addition to his fascination
with DX, Chip had caught the
hamsat bug. Earlier this year Chip
traveled to f^V Island between
Finland and the Soviet Union to
put a new country on the satellite.
Yaesu has been featuring satel-
lite-oriented gear for many years.
Prior to the FT-736R and FT-
726R, older HF rigs sported op-
tional transverters with extra posi-
tions on the band selector labeled
SAT. t, SAT. 2 and SAT.3. With
the addition of an extra 10 meter
receiver, the HF rtg/transverter
would become a complete full-du-
ple^ satellite station for Modes A
(2 meters up and 10 meters
down), B (70cm up and 2 meters
down), and Mode J (2 meters up
and 70cm down}. The newer rigs
represent the logical progression
from years of experience with
satellite earlh*station functions,
A lour of the building proved
fascinating. New rigs ready for
shipment in the warehouse, care-
hjlly-fabeled parts bins for rig re-
pair^ and well-organized lab-
bench areas occupied most of the
complex. Some offices and con-
ference-room areas were on the
second floor, but most of the activ-
ity was in the sales and customer
service section. A new computer-
ized system was being imple-
mented for customer records and
ordering information.
If you are in the Cerritos area*
drop rn. The satellite station is nght
up front and ready for contacts.
Orlando
23, 24, 25,
Orange County Convention & Civic Center
Im
:o:^^w!^^':fWJWw;^'^:■:■■ M
u':^v■>;^<^v>;•;';'^^;^^'^:'>>^^^'J^^^;':.>;';■;■;■;■>:^v^■^K■:■>;^i^ .
...^ ^.'^. .■■■■^■.■■■■...>.....r.r.....-y.^..^L. ......^ .... ^.y^^■...■.■■^^^.■^^^.^■^^■.^■.■.^■..^...■^■....^....^...■..■^^■...^■..■^..^y^^■■..^_.■■^^■..^^■^ .■.■■ ■■■. .,
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1 admission included with each table.
Commercial Exhibits (407) 898-1027 • Tables (407) 645-0132 • Tickets (407) 671-6194
Sponsored by The Orlando Amateur Radio Club
P.O. Box 547811 • Orlando, Fl. 32854-7811 • (407)657-9052
58 73 Amateur Radto • December, 1989
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Looking west
Number 1 8 Ofi your ^««dlMefc card
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Thoughts of Dayton
I know it's strange to be writing about the
1989 Dayton Hamvenlion at this time of year,
but then agam, we're already mofe than
halfway to the 1900 gathering. Just the other
day ! found myself wrtting a tetter of contirma-
tion to their program chairman to teli him I
would be attending. The Dayton Hamvention
is amateur radio's largest and most popular
gatbenng, wilti well over 30.000 people at-
tending this April event each year. Start mak-
ing your plans for Dayton now— holet rooms
and plane seats get booked up early {
220 MHz— ICOM Says: Use It!
As far as new gear for the repealer user, my
personal opinion is that ICOM stole the show
a( Dayton '89 with the introduciion of the
world's smallest full-feature 220 MH£ hand*
held radio. The ultra tiny IC-3SAT weighs a
mere 9-9 ounces and measures only 1.9" x
4.0" X 1 .2^. including its built-in 300 mAh, 7.2
volt battery. And when that power source is
expended, you don't have to run to find a rap^d
charger. Simply connect one of several op-
tional battery packs to the bottom of the
transceiver and keep right on operating!
This mini-mite of the handhelds has fea-
tures that will make you the envy of the local
club. These include 48 fully programmable
memory channels that store operating fre-
quencies and other information required for
repeater operation; a calt^hannel with the
same features; a DTMF encoder for auto-
patching or control, wrth 10 DTMF code mem-
ory channels of up to 15 digits; receiver full
scan, memory scan, memory skip and priority
channel watch; up to five watts power out»
using a specialty designed ultra small high
efficiency power module that requires only
1 3.7 volts DC; and an external power jack that
doubles as a charger port for the internal
battery.
It also has a feature never befom found in a
handheld: The IC-3SAT has a built-in dock
that rets it double as an alarm clock! The radio
can be pre-programmed to turn itself on and
off at pre-programmed times to allow you to
fall asleep listening in on a late-night OSO and
to wake up to the chatter of drive-time, if you
so desire!
Options include the UT*49 DTMF Decoder.
UT-50 Tone Squelch Unit, and UT-51 pro-
grammable Tone Encoder, Availability
through factory authorized ICOM dealers was
late June. Regardless of what the FCC has in
store for 1 V4 meters, the amateur radio indus-
try is keeping its commitment. ICOM is show-
ing its commilment to the users of 220 wilh a
new radio that can only be described as as-
tounding for Its size and performance.
There is now also a 2SAT and 4SAT avail-
able, for 2m and 440 MHz, respectively.
Looking Toward 1990
I have reason to believe that Hamvention
'90 wtll have a new look to it. You might say a
youn^r look because in 1990 the Hamven-
tion hopes to attract some of the younger
members of our "New World of Amateur Ra-
dio." To do it* they have turned to one of the
stars of that show— an energetic IS-year-old
college student from Southern California
named Kelly Howard N6PNY. And it really
does read like a movie script:
Scene 1 . A Mexican restaurant in suburban
Dayton, i* was over dinner, before catching
flights home, that Burt Hicks WB6MQV.
Mathan Pyle KB6PLH , Kelly and myself joined
the Hamvention team for an after^it's-all-over
celebration dinner. Kelly struck up a conver-
sation with a number of key Hamvention plan-
nerSn Among them were General Chairman
Bill McNabb WD8SAY, Assistant General
Chainnan {^nd 1990 General Chairman) Ed
Hillman N8ALN, and DARA Youth Activities
Director Terry Falknor N8EE0. Her subject
was simple. She wanted to see more young
adults in amateur radio, and the astute Miss
Howard realized that the Dayton Hamvention
is an event that can dazzle the most cynical
teenager. It was time for the Hamvention to
have a session specifically geared for young
people, but not one run by an "old guard" type
who is mostly interested in selling Morse
CQcie*
Who knows teens better then another
teen?, argued Kelly. Her words found fertile
soil. By the time Noel McKewon WB8QQC
dragged us off to the airport, Kelly got carte
blanche lo help organise any youth activity for
Dayton '90. As we made our rush to our re-
spective airlines— she and Nathan on Ameri-
can to San Diego and Burt and me on TWA to
Los Angeles^it was obvious that Kelly
Howard N6PNY had some fascinating ideas
on recruiting teens to amateur radio. Fade to
black.
Scene 2. My den and office in Saugus^ Kelly
ts now livmg in Los Angeles and getting ready
to start college. This particular afternoon we
are talking about Dayton weekend. It was her
first and my 17th or 18th. She tells me what
she wants to do at Hamvention '90. She wants
to have a session where teens who are hams
talk to teens who are interested in becoming
hams. Where those wilh licenses and the abili-
ty to communicate with the^ peers give the
hands-on experience of amateur radio to
teens who know ham radio only as something
that their dad or neighbor plays at as an old
person's hobby. Kelly tells me young hams
like herself can reach other teens and young
adults. She says that it's imfxirtant for her to
try. So, I suggest that she tell this to the folks in
Dayton and see what they say.
Scene 3. Dissolve to my living room. Sharon
IS watching TV J'm reading a copy of another
ham mag. A few minutes and two phone calls
later, Kelly emerges from the office with the
biggest smile across her face that I have ever
seen. She sold her idea welt enough to be
asked to host the first-ever Dayton Hamven-
tion Young People's Forum. And what will she
present? Freezeframe and font over "To Be
Continued."
Actually, she will be telling you that herself. I
invited Kelly to be a guest writer for the next
60 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
4
I
Looking West coiumn. In the meantime, those
of you with youngsters from 9 to 1 9 mtght want
to make pfans to bring them with you to
Hamvention "90. Keify and her friends have a
very special day planned. Who knows^ after
this session you may be arguing with your son
or daughter over who*s going get first dibs
wrth the radio on weekends, or shelling out
some extra bucks to buy your offspring an HT.
The Lights of the City
I realty cannol end this month's cofumn
without a personal word of appreciation to the
Dayton Amateur Radio Association and the
Hamvention Committee. In April of this year
they chose to honor me as the t989 Radio
Amateur of the Year. It was something that
caught me completely by surprise, and it's an
honor I will treasure to my dying day.
Some may view an award of this type as a
measure of personal success. I look at it quite
differently. To me. receiving an award — any
award— means that you're making a valid
conthbulion, and that you now have an even
greater responsibility to continue and do even
better so that you continue to deserve such an
honor.
When I accepted the award, I asked every-
one present to join me in dedicating it and the
years ahead to the renewal of amateur radio-
to the young and young of iieart, who will pick
up the banner of this great hobby and service,
and carry it forth Into the next century and
beyond. Thanks to young, energetic and dedi-
cated young hams like Kelly Howard N6PNY
and Nathan Pyle KB6PLH. we are beginning
to see a tiny btt of light at the end of a dark
tunnel called apathy. There is still a long way
to go.
As I close this month's Lookmg West, I ask
that each of you join with me in this dedication,
and that we direct our energies to bringing the
youth of this nation to the hobby that we tove. If
we each "Elmer" into amateur radio only on©
new young ham, we can significantly boost
our ranks — and give our nation a new base of
potential engineers and technicians that it so
badty needs.
Let's stop hoarding amateur radto as if It
were some secret to t>e prized by the few and
kept from the many. Let's open outdoors to all
who have the interest.
The 1990s will soon be with us and the day
when Morse Code is King is dead. The new
''Morse Key" is the hand-held most of us carry
on our belts. The new long-wire Is the rubber-
ducky. The new DX is relayed by ham satel-
lites tn the sky. Some of us might even live
long enough to hold a QSO through the first
repeater on the moon. But only the young can
make ihat happen, and the young will only
come to amateur radio if they can bring their
modem thinking with them. I for one say it*s
time to stop idolizing the traditions of yester-
day and start building the traditions of the
future, I say this because J love ham radio from
the deepest reaches of my heart-
Thank you, Dayton, for making 1989 a year
that witl live with me into eternity. More impor-
tant, thank you Dayton for recognizing Ihat the
future of amateur radio is with the young. You
are doing more then your share. Let*s hope
other conventions and hamfests will follow
your lead. It's time to telt the kids of the nation
that we want them and that we caref. . .de
WA6ITF
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Number 19 on your Feedback cani
FECIAL EVENTS
■ ^
Ham Doings Around the World
Listings are free of charge as space permits. Piease send us your Sp&ciaf
Event two months in advance of the issue you want it to appear in. For
example, if you want it to appear in the June issue, we should receive it by
March 31. Provide a clean concise summafy of the essential details about
your Special Event.
DEC 2-3
APACHE JUNCTION AZ The Supersiiliof*
ARC 41 h Annual Mamfesi wm be held al the P
& M Rodeo Grounds Saturday from dawn 1o
dusk, Sunday from dawn to noon, Talf(-ln:
147J2/Pep&aier, Contact Biff or M&rge
Gi32^. HA7BUFMtYCZ(&m 032-3955.
1st Saturday Every Montti
LITTLETON CO Tne Denver W5YI VE
Team holds exam s^as&ions at 9 AM at itie
Bemis Lrbrary. Contact Tony Mafquette.
(303) 773-2087 or K&ff Chgmn, {303} 696-
SPECIAL EVENT
STATIONS
DEC 2-3
SACRAMENTO CA The Sacramento ARC
Will operate Stmion W6AK from Sutter's Fort
Irom 17302 Saturday lo 2330Z Sun- day to
oe^ebfaie Sacfamenlo's SesquicentennJat
Frequ«neier SSB 14 30D. 21 400. 28 450
(cfayj: 3.962, 7 270. 14.300 (nigtit). CW:
14 050 For QSL send SASE 10 S&Cfamenfo
ARC, PO. Box i 6 1903, S&cr^mento CA
EVEDGLADES NATIONAL PARK
FL Station W4SV1 will be operated ai ihe
Flamir^go Camp GfO'urKis by ihe Everglades
ARC. from 1400 UTC Saturday untji t90a
UTC SuiKJay^ to cetebrate Ihe 42nd Annrver-
sary of Everglades NatkMial Parft. Frequen-
cies: Pnone: 7,230. 14,240, 21 330. 25 375;
CW: 7 030, 14 030, 21 130 Send QSL and 2
unlt3 of postage for an unfolded certifrcate to
Evorgtades ARC P.O. Box 113, Hom&sisad
FL 33090^1 13.
DEC 26-31
SAN BENITQ IX Tbe San Bents ARC
fi|ierate Stalion WA2VJL to celebrate Itie wefl
deserved "R & R of Sania and Rudolph in
the Lower Rio Grand© Valley of Soulh Texas.
Let the little ones wjsh Santa a sale tf ip honie.
Excharkge (ocaJ weatber ir>fo and anylbing
eise Frequencies: SSB 21 350 and 2fl.32S
Time of i^ieraiion wiK ifepend mi band cdndi-
lions. writi (weeftday) 1 500-0200, aruf an day
weekends. For cenificaie send 9 ^^ )« ii wjth
QSL to SantE CfBiis, c/o San BemtQ ARC.
P. O.B0X }382. San Sen/fo TX ?a56& 1382.
DEC 30- JAN 1
PASADENA CA The Retay Repealer ARC
wiiQf»rate ke^pe from tbe Wrigley Mansion
\o Commemoraie Itie 10 UK Annr^ersary o1
the ToLirnamGnt of Roses The station will
operate from 1600Z-0400Z each day, Fre-
quencies: 1 4 260, 21 335. and 28.450 f^Jovice/
Tech frequencies and/or OflM For Ceflifr
e&Sif send QSL and 9 x 12 SASE to Reiay
flepearef Ciab. PQ Box Bi. Afcsdia CA
9t00&50f9
^
73 ^mtttut Red ID
STATEMEhtT OF dWNEftSHIP. MANAQiMEIMT AND CIRCULATEOA
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Number 21 on your Feedback card
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Upda
DXD A Country List/
October 1989
A group of countries were accidentally
dropped from the list t>efore it went to press.
They are: Chad (TT). Chagos (V09). Chatham
Island CZL). Chesterfield Island (FK8), Chile
(CE), China (BY). Christmas Island {VK9X),
Clrpperton Island (FO0), Cocos Island (TO),
Cocos/Keelmg Island (VK9Y). Cotombia (HK).
Comino Island (9H). Comores (D6), Congo
(TN). Cook Island (ZK1). Corsica (TK), Costa
Rica fri), Crete (SV9). and Cuba {CO). 73 re-
grets any inconvenience this may have
caused anyone.
Kaboom Micro Keyer/
September 1989
John Curtis of Curtis Electro Devices sent
us his suggestions for enhancing the Kaboom
Micro Keyer, Connect pin 12 of the 8044 either
lo pin 16 or to pin 1 for termination. This "un-
floats" the CMOS input, reducing battery
drain and the chance of it going into oscilla-
tion. John also suggests using a single tran-
sistor for Ihe output, and. If necessary, lower-
ing the value of the drive resistor (e.g., from
4.7kQ to 1 kD) to give increased drive.
For previous changes to the original Micro
Keyer article, see "Updates" in the October
issue of 73.
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64 73 Amateur Radio • December. 1989
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73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989 6§
Number 22 on your Feedback cerd
Above A nd beyond
VHF and Above Operation
C.L. Houghton WBSIQP
San Oiego Microwave Group
6345 Badger Lake
San Dfego CA 921 19
PLL Brick Oscillators
Not wishing to re-invent the
wheel (and being lazy). I would
like to Introduce you to the
"Shck," a phase locked local os^
dilator packaged in a small metal
bfock housing about half the size
of a small paving brick.
This surplus high-siability mi-
crowave oscillator is the same
type used for naf rowband FM and
SSBcontactson3, 5, andlOGHz.
For a 1 0 GHz preamplif ier. see the
August 1989 issue of 73, This re^
ceiving low-noise amp with 18 dB
gain also doubles as a transmit-
ting amplifier with about +8 dBm
output. This preamp and brick os-
dilator comblnaJion make a veiy
simple microwave transceiving
converter.
A simple, stable local ascillator
(LO) is the key to ope rating on
your chosen band. Even in some
of the better kits for our microwave
bands, the LOs tack stability and
purity, both crucial Items. You can
build mixers and amps from stir*
pliis devices.
All the oscillators Tve obtained
over the years have been surplus
items costing $20"-50 each, de-
pending on condition. Recently, I
picked up some bricks from Alan
Dickerson N5BXH, who obtained
them from CoHins Microwave
sales in Richardson, Texas. Many
years ago, I attended a microwave
school at the same Collins plants
and spent my time off in their sal-
vage store picking up my first
bfick. I had been using them com-
mercially, but this was the first one
I could experiment on, as they
were very expensive then at
$1 700 each.
Brick oscillators are popular be*
cause theyVe compact and easy
to use. In a microwave station,
they elimtnate the need for any
other oscillator multiplier chain or
signal source from microwave to
your basic IF conversion frequen-
cies. With a brick oscillator and its
respective internal crystal, and a
mixer, you have the basic setup
for transceiving on either narrow-
band FM or SSB; on 10 GHz, or
Other microwave frequency.
Ed Barbacow K3ZCY (FM09A V} advertises his passion irj ham radfo art
his ifcense plate.
one of the transistors goes open,
lowering output power* Though
ir$ unsuitable for commercial
use, it's still fine for amateur use.
The high power oscillator is
multiplied to the higher mi-
crowave band by a very efficient
step*recovery diode {high priced
varactor). producing many high
"4 simple, stable local oscillator
(LO) is the key to operating on your
chosen (microwave) band, "
Inside the Brick
Though there are many brick
manufacturers, California Mi-
crowave and Frequency West
(t>oih in the San Franscisco area)
are the most popular. Alt brick os-
cillators have a high power mi-
crowave oscillator in the 1.2-1.4
or 1 .7-2.0 GHz range. Power out*
put is about 1 watt. Two. three, or
four transistors in parallel form the
oscillator circuit for different pow-
ar output levels. Sometimes com-
panies junk these devices when
order harmonics. In the case of
the 1.7 GHz oscillator, the sixth
harmonic is bandpass tittered (low
toss), and provides high loss to the
other, unwanted harmonics- This
filter has an easy fob, as the har-
monics are widely spaced (1.7
GHz). Power output from the filter
is about +10 to +20 dBm with
-hio dBm being normal on the
surplus (bad) units I've obtained.
The neat trick of these oscilla-
tors is thai they maintain frequen-
cy at 1 0 GHz to about 200 Hz for
too. 225490 MHi
K |T
ir03.B333MN}
0SC?LL*TOll
^
AMP
^
varactoa
OetECTOft -
WlVER
-^
tOWPiUlAl'OR
SEARCH UIP
1 4
.
t
f
\ !
I
VJUIACTOVf FWEOyiUCT CO*lT
rol
'
OUT
«
^
SUT
OUTPUT
FiLtER
S^ fi 0 0 fi jg
ViSflCTOR
POWER
WULt
4fi
in ustfswT^.
Lf V «ni
■U.SC3 1**1 i ,/~
ittA
POWfS
OUT
l?Dl.ai33 WHt
1 <ro3 9
3S5MH1
CTflVlTY 0St)LL*TOfi
POWER 5liPf*LT
-20V
Figure 1. Stock diagram for your basic microwave brick oscittator.
60 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
short term (several day) stability.
Frequency drift over a week of op-
eration would yield errors at 10
GHz of 5 to 10 kHz. With better
temperature stability applied to
the too MHz crystal, errors have
been reduced to 2,4 kHz per
week. The surplus cost of the
bricks modest compared to a crys-
tal oscillator and its multiplier
string, makes the brick more than
worth it. Thus, this makes them
ideal for narrowband operations,
or operations that require high
stability, such as packet and other
data transmissions and SSB.
How the Brick Works
It's quite simple. The brick oper-
ates from a -19 volts. An internal
crystal reference oscillator oper-
ates in the 96 to 108 MHz range,
depending on microwave output
frequency. The crystal oscillator is
buffered and amplified in a power
amplifier to about V2 watt.
The power amplifier stage
drives a varactor to produce a sig-
nal rich in harmonics to the signal
mixer. The high power microwave
oscillator is also injected into an-
other port of the signal mixer. The
sum/difference product from the
signal mixer is applied to a video
amplifier whose output controls a
varactor in the high power mi-
crowave oscillator cavity. See Fig-
ure 1 for a block diagram of the
brick oscillator.
The sum/difference product ap-
plied to the video amplifier
changes its DC output higher or
lower, biasing the varactor to try to
k>ck up the microwave oscillator to
a harmonic of the crystal refer*
ence- The circuitry of the brick os-
cillator is such that, if lock is lost,
there is a sweep circuit that will
cause the microwave oscillator to
vary in frequency (slow fixed-rate
sweep) in an attempt to regain
lock.
However, if the circuit is so far
out of lock, you have to restore
(lock) range with a mechanical
EVERY ISSUE
of 7J
on microfiche I
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73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989 67
mm
adjaslment. Normally, the mi*
crowave oscillator will lock over a
1 0 to 20 MHz range. All this house
cleaning is taken care of with in-
ternal circuitry, as the brick is
^completely seff-contained. Lock
indicalioo is verified by the "0V'"
or phase terminal on the brick.
When not in lock, the bnck will be
fixed at -9.5 volts.
When the brick is in lock, adjust
the microwave cavity while watch-
ing the "0V'' or phase terminal
with a voltmeter; it will vary from
atrout -2 to about - 13 volts. The
brick is mechanically set to -73
volts, the center of its lock-in
range.
You can verify thai the crystal
oscillator is functioning property
by metenng the crystal terminal.
You'H read about 1-2 volts, de-
pending on crystal activity and cir-
cuit adJListmBnt. Guilt for the tele-
phone companies where power is
positive ground, these
units require a -19 volts
at 500 mA. with slightiy
higher current until the
crystal oven throttles
back. Some of the oscilla-
tors are marked for -20
voltSp and the difference is
that these units have an
internal rectifier diode
protecling the oscillator
from accidental reverse
polarity, It also drops the
input voltage 0.7 volts,
making both oscillators
otherwise identicaK
Crystals for the bncks
are specially ordered for
each type, as they are cut
lo a very ck)se tolerance.
For a Frequency West
brick, type MS-54XOL
(to GHz) is needed for
10.223 GHz. Specify part
#585132 from Inter-
national Crystal If your
brick is different, and
you're ynable to locate
the exact type of crystal^
give them all the informa-
tion on your oscillator
type. Cost per crystal runs
about $15.
Modifrcatlons for the Brick
With simple modifications, you
can outfit brick oscillators with
connectors on the high power os-
cillator, tapping part of the power
for uses still locked in the 1.2 or
1.7 GHz range, depending on
which type of brick you have. Also,
you can use this connector for in-
lection to a different varactor mul-
tiplier filter for other frequency
combinations.
These bricks don*t operate on
our bands, so you need to adjust
them. First, adjust the output filter
to pass the next lower frequency
harmonic. This retunes them from
11 GHz to the lower 10 GHz
range. In my Frequency West
brick modal MS-740MXOL-37, a
power output is just less than 1
milliwatt. This has worked pattis
over too miJes. How aboLit that for
QRP? Couple this with relay
switching and preamps, and you
have an axceflent station operat-
ing SSB or 5 kHz deviation FM.
''AU the (microwave) oscillators I've
obtained over the years have been
surplus items costing $20-50 each,
depending on condition, "
crystal at 100.225490 MHz is
mixed (the seventeenth harmon-
ic) with the microwave oscillator
(locked) at 1703.8333 MHz. The
1703.S333 MHz oscillator (high
power) is multiplied (times six) to
Ma if box
That's it on the brick this month;
ril soon cover mixers and their
use. Now. for the Mailbox. Curt
Law WA2PIV/KL7 reports tnstalla-
tion of a new 1 0 GHz beacon oper-
rr^L MUUST
UTTAL MONITQS
[SMALL CQMlALi
ClkViTt 40JUST
POWER OSCtLLftTOB
Figure 2^ Frequency West 10 GHz microwave source *'bnck.
rr
our 10 GHz frequency, or 10.223
GHz. This is mixed with a 2 meter
iF 145 MHz. and then you have
10.366 FM or SSB, depending on
the IF unit capability.
The most common surplus
bricks I've obtained are in the
10, 6, 3, and 2 GHz ranges. The
oscillator scheme is similar in all
other models. Once you obtain an
oscillator and mixer combination
for any of our microwave bands,
you're almost ready to place a mi-
crowatt transceiver in operation.
Wrth such a setup (no preamp),
ating from Kodlak Island on the
northern edge of the Heitman
Ridge. The beacon operates on
10.260 GHz, 10 mW, 75 feet up a
tower. The antenna is a 17 dB
horn pointed towards Washington
State. The beacon will be on the
air until the access road to the mi-
crowave site freezes. Contact
Curt for info at PO Box 1538,
USCG,KodiakAK99619.
Ed K3ZCY reports having an 1 1
GHz surplus transceiver and
wants to know how to turn it into a
10 GHz transceiver. The unit uses
WR-75 lWG-17). the next size
smaller guide than the normal
WR-90 (WG-16). Not to fret, Ed^s
soltd slate Raytheon radio is quite
usable at 1 0 GHz, especially the
brick oscillators and the TWT (trav-
eJing-wave tube) amplifier (20 watt
output), mixers, and waveguide
components. The radio's base-
band IF system can be bypassed
and replaced by a 2 meter HT.
In the above case, if SSB or nar-
rowband FM is desired, the rest of
the equipment isn't used, Bui if TV
were used, the entire IF system
might be used at 70 MHz. Con-
cerning the antenna feed^ it's best
to stay with waveguide due to its
very low loss, 30 feet of waveg-
uide WR-75 would have about 1 .3
dB loss, far better than any coaxial
cable. See Ed's license plate in
the photo.
Stephen N8JAF in the Dayton
area would like to e^ablish a 10
GHz link about three
miles away. He'd like to
hear from any other mi-
crowavers in the Dayton
area. Jay NtGBS is
collecting components for
his microwave station,
while Bruce N8IRW is
lookmg lor a manual or
schematic to an Alfred
6540 7-1 1 GHz sweep os-
cillator. He would appreci-
ate any assistance, Andy
N6HDS reports that all Ihe
BMWs and Porsches re-
act when he goes 10 GHz
mobile! Looks like the
radar detectors are work-
ing just fine.
James Fisher from
Sacramento writes. "I
am a 'soon to be Novice'
radio Ham." He expects
to take his exam tn a few
weeks. He is very interest*
ed in microwave commu-
nications and is looking
forward to experimenting
with home-brew micro-
wave equipment. He ts
especially interested m
various technical publica-
tions concerning microwave relat-
ed items. I notified him about the
North Texas Microwave Group
newsletter* If you're interested in
this bi-monthly publication, con-
tact Wes Atchison WA5TKU,
Ht. 4, Sanger, Texas 76266.
Dues are $12 a year.
Wish I could comment on all the
letters Tve received, but space
dictates only a few. Thanks for
your support. As always, 111 be
glad to answer any questions.
Please send an SASE for prompt
reply. 73s, Chuck WB6iGP,
68 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
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73 Amateur Radio * December, 1989 69
Humber 23 on your Feedback card
mcuiTS
Great Ideas From Our Readers
Copy Better RTTY on the KAM
! came up with this circuit
because t was getting a lot of
hits on traffic nets using RATT
(RAdio TeJeType), known as
RTTY in the ham circles. ! use the
Kantronics all-mode (KAM) TNC
and the Kenwood TS-440S, which
has a good AGC system. It re-
sponds however, to on(y the
strongest of the two tones in a
RTTY signal. Unfortunately, Tve
found no way to disable the AGC
action in the 440S. Changing the
time constant or biasing the radio
up a bit with the RF gain conlrol
can help reduce the problem, but
not defeat it entirely.
Since the problem is selective
fade on only one tone al a time,
tt^t tone falls below the TTY de-
tector threshold of the KAM and
the character fails to print. Curing
the problem with an amp may first
come to mind, but the input specs
of the KAM prevent yoii from giv-
ing it more than a 1 p-p signal. By
slightly ampttfying the weak tone
signal with a single-stage op amp
(without letting the strong tone
over-drive the detector in the KAM
Figure U
unit)j you can achieve improved
circuit operation and belter
printing.
As long as the output of the op
amp is below the barrier potential
of the diodes (1 N91 4), the ampiifi'
er stage has a gain of 10.000.
As pin 6 (outputj goes above
this level, the feedback through
the diodes reduces the gam
to less than unity. Consequently,
everything, including noise, is am-
plified and clipped to about l
voEt p-p. This happens on a cycle-
to-cycle basis. The limit is soft to
the extent that the edges of the
output are rounded, minimizing
harmonic distortion. Now hits oc-
cur only when one of the tones
goes complefely away; that will
simply kill a letter, rather than a
whole word.
At first, \ used a dual ±12 volt
DC supply, but later decided to
use the station signal + 12 volt DC
supply. I used a readily available
GBRCA CA3140 op amp. which
is a good op amp with FET input
and operates well on a single
voltage power supply. The circuit
worked better with pin 3 biased to
pin 7 rather than to 6 volts DC.
Using a t pF coupling capacitor, I
obtained a differentiated wave
shape output, but a 22|iF output
coupling capacitor solved this
problem.
NOTE: This circuit does not
work on HF packet. The amplified
noise keeps the TNC in the KAM
from sensing an open channel
preventing transmission.
Phillip W.EIrod
K4COF/AFA2KQ
Ooraville GA
Drive the MM 432/28 with the IC-745
Here's a way to use the 745, or any HF rig that has a
minimum output of 10 watts, to drive the Microwave
Modules 432i28 transvener. I turned the output all !he
way down and used a 16 dB attenuator in the output.
The accompanying circuit is the attenuator. Refer to
the VHF/UHF /Want/a/ from G. R. Jessop G6JP, pub-
lished by the Rad*o Society of Great Bntain. for an
extensive discussion of this.
Parts: R1. R2 - 680. 1W; R3. R4 = 390. 1W: and
R5.R6 = 68Q, 1/2W.
Bob Bartelings VE6CBN
Alberta Canada
Figure 2.
3-Posttion, Multi-Mode Switch Box
It's not uncommon to find
stations outfitted with RTTY.
packet. FAX, and SSTV equiph
ment, A 3*position switch adds
convenience and saves lime — ^no
more disconnecting and recon-
necting*
This control box was designed
for the Kenwood TS-830S,
It'll also work with the 520,
S20, and 530S, and rigs which
use a standard 4-pin micro-
phone jack. The circuit consists
of a 3-pote, S-throw (3P3T)
4-Pm CMASStS MOUtfT JMCf^S
imTEftiOft CHASSIS VIEW I
INPUT A
OS?
INPUT Q
IWPUT C
POLf
oil
Ttm
aA lA 3A
I POLE I
B
B
VIEW FROM PULfG FRONT —
Figure 3.
70 73 Amateur Radio • Decemtier, 1989
nonshorting rotary switch.
Mount the switch on the chas-
sis. I put the cabling and 3-input
jacks on the back panel and rotary
switch on the front. Follow the pin
Eayout carefully; be sure you don't
cross-wire any connections, since
you're working from the back of
the chassis-mount microphone
jacks.
Before using the control box,
recheck your work with an ohm-
meter. Shorts or cross-wiring
could damage your transceiver or
any interfacing equipment.
Parts: 3 4-pin chassis mount
Photo A. Multi-mode controfier,
front view.
socket, RS 274-002, $1 .29 each; 1
4-pin mike plug, RS 274-001 p
Si 69 each; 1 metai cabinet. RS
271*251A. $2.99. and 1 3P3T ro-
tary nonshorting switch. Other
items include solder, hook-up
wire, and single conductor wire
with braided shield. For the finish-
ing touch, try DATAJC" transfer let-
tering and a light coat of ciear
spray enamel.
No more multi-mode patch cord
bluesl
David K. PeTaei
4872TrailsideCt.
Huber Heights OH 45424
Photo B. Multi-mode controller,
back view.
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downconverter tunes whole 420-450 MHz band down to
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Visa, UC, COO
Tom (W60RGJ
Maryann fWB6YSS|
Ask K A BOOM
N umber 2 4 on ycnir Feedback cird
Michael Geier KBIUM
7 Simpson Court
S, Burfmgton VT 05403
Walkies and Chips-
it s a Mod, Mod World
While researching another arti-
cle. I recenlly spoke with Chip
Margelli K7JA of Yaesu USA. I
mentioned the FT*41 1 's tack of re*
ceiver sensilivlty on the public ser-
vice bands, and he described a
modification lo improve the per-
formance. I tried It and it works,
(although not as dramatically as
I'd hoped) If your rig is out of war-
ranty and you'd like lo do the mod,
the section below tells how:
First of all, please don't do this
unless you Feel competeni to do
so! This radio incorporates the
most up-to-date mlriiaturtzation
techniques, mcTuding extensive
use of surface mount technology,
and ! do not wani to be instrumen-
tal in anyone's damaging his rig. If
you're not sure you're up to it, en-
list a friend who is.
FT-41t Modification
RenK>ve the battery pack and
the two silver screws on the bot-
tom nearest the front of the radio.
Now, remove the two black
screws on the back. One is just
below the pit switch and the other
is just below the hook for the carry-
ing strap. Now, carefully lift the
front panel up from the battery
end. then pull gently downward.
It'll pop open at the top,
Gently turn it over to the right. It
is held by a ribbon cable, and you
must not pull hard on it. or it could
break. Look down at the circuit
board contained in the back half of
the fadio> There are three small IF
cans mounted in a vertical row on
the motherboard- Usmg a small
adjustment tool, turn the top two
of them fully clockwise, then back
them out just a tad. When turning
them in, be extremely careful that
you don't force them past their
natural stopping points, or you
may damage the cores or (he coils
themselves.
That*s all there is to it[ Close the
rig up by fitting the front panel in at
the top and then pressing the two
halves together. (Don't forget to
replace the strap hook first!) Rnal-
ly, replace the screws.
Chip claims there is little or no
effect on ham band reception, and
that reception of the public service
The Tech Answer Man
band frequencies will be signifi-
cantly enhanced. This seems to
be the case with my rig. (In tact,
new *411s are being aligned this
way at the factory.)
Alignment Tool
By the way, if you don't have a
proper plastic alignment tool, you
can make a temporary one from a
0-Tip. as long as it's the kind with
a wound paper stem. The blue
plastic kind doesn't work.
Just cut one end off, then shape
the stem end by cutting it with a
pair of dikes. It should last long
enough to get the job done. One
thing I definitely don*t recommend
is using a screwdriver to adjust
coils. The cores are brittle and
they can crack sfery easily if they
stick while you're turning them
with a screwdriver, A cracked core
is a disaster!
Thanks for the Memories
I go! a very nice tetter from Bob
K9JMP, in which he relates an
klea suggested by Ciaude WA9KCU.
You can use any walkie that can
store independent receive and
transmit frequencies in memory to
hold extra frequencies, as long as
they're just for receiving. Simply
program them in as the sptil trans-
mit frequencies, and then use the
* Veverse" function to get at them.
Voil^— two frequencies in one
memory.
Of course, they won't scan, but
at least they'll be there. Seems to
me the technique should be espe-
cially useful when you're traveling
and run out of memories in which
to place local repeaters. Stash
some of your home or public ser-
vice band frequencies as Claude
suggests, and youVe ready to go!
It's one of those ideas that makes
you wonder, *'Why didn't I think of
that?"
Too Much QRM, OM
Sounds like something you'd
hear on 20 meter DX, right? We![,
now we have auto-ORM on 2 me-
ter packet as well No. not QRM
from cars. Tm referring \o hash
from the TNG getting into the rig
and making reception difficult or
even impossible. It appears to be
worst on 145.01 (good old Mur-
phy), and especially seems to be a
problem when TNCs are used
with walkies.
Unlike mobile rigs, many HTs
have partial or even total plastic
cases, and the hash can get right
into the receiver without benefit of
antenna. Toroids on connecting
cables, and even remote anten-
nas, may not help. The TNCs
clock oscillator generates a har-
monic which just happens to fall
on 145.01. causing this problem.
The solution is to open up the
TNC and look for a trimmer capac-
itor associated with the clock crys-
tal* Turn it slightly while listening
to the receiver, and you should be
able to shift the harmonic away
from the packet frequencies. TWO
operation should not be affected
in any way. as the oscillator's fre-
quency change will be very slight.
If your TNC has no trimmer,
check ihe schematic and you
should find a fixed capacitor of
maybe 47 pF or so. either across
or in series with the crystal. Try
adding another cap. perhaps 4.7
pF, in parallel with it and that
should do rt.
Pass the Chips
We ail know that our gear Is
Hlled with integrated circuits, or
chips. Most of us know what they
fook like. Surprisingly, though,
lots of hams have little or no idea
what is inside those Httle black
boxes with all the legs. So, let's
explore them.
YouVe heard that chips can
contain lots of transistors. How
the heck do you fit all those things
into something so small? What's
more, how do you connect them?
Are there little tiny wires or what?
Wetl, sort of, but not quite. There
are lots of parts and conductive
paths between them, but they're
not separate. Instead^ they're in-
tegrated on a common surface,
called a substrate. Hence the
name "integrated circuit.'*
Transistors are made by im*
planting certain chemicels into a
semiconductor surface, usually
silicon, in layers. The meeting
points of the layers constitute the
junctions where the transistor ef-
fect occurs. So. why not build
these layers on a large area and
make many transistors at once?
Obviously, simply using a large
area would result in one big tran-
sistor! Some sort of isolation from
area to area is needed to establish
a circuit path.
Photography provides the
means. If you ve ever developed
your own film, or made a printed
circuit tward, you're familiar with
the concept of etching. A light-
sensitive solution is placed on the
material to be etched (for a PC
board, that's copper), and then
the pattern to be etched is focused
on the surface by means of a
mask. The areas which receive
light chemically harden, while the
dark areas do not. A dip in an acid
bath leaves only the hardened
areas, and the board is ready to be
drilled and stuffed with parts.
Essentially the same thing Is
done with chips, except on a mi-
croscopic scale. Starting with sili-
con, not only the conductive
paths, but the parts themselves,
are etched onto the chip layer by
layer. Chips are really three-di-
mensional, often with several lay-
ers of aluminum conducting paths
as well as various multilayer Iran*
ststors, resistors, and even capac-
itors. Many chips can be made
side by side on the same "wafer/'
or piece of silicon.
tnside the IC
Qettmg all this to actually work
requires some of the most expen-
sive and sophisticated manufac-
turing equipment on Earth. The
alignment of the masks from layer
to tayer must be extremely pre-
cise, or the circuit elements won't
line up. Machines called '^ wafer
steppers*' do the job, and each
one costs about one million
doilarsl
At that size scale, the tiniest
piece of dust is like a giant boul-
der, and can obscure a piece of
the circuit during the exposure
process, rendering the finished
chip defective. Elaborate "clean
rooms" are used— the cleanest
rooms in existence* making the
average hospital operating room
look positively filthy. All told, mil-
lions of dollars' worth of equip-
ment are required to produce
even a single chip. ICs are cheap
only because so many can be
made at once, splitting the cost
among miHions of chips. If there
were only 10 microprocessors in
the world, each one would proba-
bly be worth about S50 million.
The fundamental limitation on
how many parts can be put on a
chip is, of course, how small each
part can be made. Currently, that
is limited by the wavelength of the
light used to expose the wafer.
Surface features less than one mi-
cron (one one-millionth of a meter)
in size are now t}eing explored us-
ing electron or ion beams instead
of light.
Whew! There*s iois more to
chip making, from the precise
"cooking" of the chemicals into
the silicon, to the packaging and
connecting of leads. But this
should give you a good feel for
what's inside those leggy little
72 73 Amateur Radio * December, 1989
beasts compnsing so much of
your radro*s innards.
Now let's look at some letters:
Dear Kaboom,
When my son was in Japan, he
bought me a Kenwood TH'2i. Fe*
nod. No "A/* "AT/* etc. The ng
has no offset switch at atf. Please
describe how I can install the plus/
minus feature.
Signedi
The Simplex Blues
Dear Simplex,
Wow, that's a tough one! The
regular TH-21AT uses separate
crystals in one of the heterodyne
oscillators, along with some TX/
RX switching, to achieve the off-
sets. Since yours has no offset
switch, t would expect that it also
doesn't have the supporting offset
circuitry. Especially considering
the '21 *s mtniaturization level,
which inclodes extensive surface-
mounting of parts. It's tjkely not
worth trying.
You'd be better off usmg the rig
for packet (which is a simplex op-
eration) or selling it to someone for
that purpose^ and getting another
HI- But before you do. check to
see that the radio is actually de-
signed for simplex use. and does
not simply have a Rxed offset.
Dear Kaboom,
My old Yaesu Memonzer mo-
bile rig picks up quite a bit of alter*
nator whine, especially In trans-
mit. I can live with it, but I want to
know, can It hurt the rig to use It
this way^
Signed,
Whine, Whine, Whine
Dear Whine,
It sure can. Alternator whine is
caused by spikes on the DC power
line. The spikes are caused by
the rectified current pulses from
the alternator being fed to the car
battery. They can be quite large
and can damage transistors and
ICs in your rig. The cure is fairly
simple.
Go to Radio Shack or an auto
parts place^ and get a noise filter
choke. Put \\ in sehes with the pos^
itive power input to your rig.
If there is still some whine, try
placing a large filter cap {a
few thousand microfarads or
more), fated for at least 50 volts,
acfoss the radio's power leads,
AFTER the choke. Be sure to
observe correct polarity when
installing the cap, and do it with
the positive lead disconnected
from the car. That ought to clear
it up.
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PRODUCT OF THE MONTH
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THE ICOM IC.24AT
IcoTTi's nevy IC-24AT is super compact al 2"W x 5.4 "H x \A"0
and 1 2 ounces. The multi-functional dual-band transceiver deliv-
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200 mW al tO% distortion with an 8Q load. It can turn itself on at a
preprogrammed trme and turn itself off when unused. A battery
pack from BP-81 through BP-86, or external DC power Jack
6- 12V DC, supplies power. Select tuning step incremems of 5,
10. 12.5, 15, 20, 25, 50. to 100 kHz. or 1 MHz. Other leaHires
Include dual-band display, scan and monitor functions, and op-
tional tone squelch function.
The IC-24AT can simultaneously transmit on 144 MHz and
receive on 440, or vice versa. The keyboard, complimented b'^
the top panel tuning control, makes it easy to program the 80
memory channels and use the two call channels. You can store
frequently used phone numbers in the four OTMF code memory
channels for automatic dialir^g.
Suggested retail, $629.00, loom America, inc., 2380 1 J6th
Ave., WE PO Box C-90029. Bellevue WA 98009-9029. Tef. (206)
454-8155. Customer Service (206) 454-76 f 9, TEL: 152210/
FAX: (BOB) 454-- 1509. Or circle Reader Service No. 201 .
THE ANTENNA
SPECIALISTS CO,
The Antenna SpeciaKsts Co-'s
new Model AP-143 ^'On-Glass*''^
disguise antenna covers the 2 me-
ter band. It borrows the "pigtail"
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to disguise the presence of pio-
fessional radio equipment inside
the vehicle.
The capacitively coupled trans-
mission through glass requires no
ground plane and permits quick,
no-holes installation. VSWR is
less than 1.5:1. Power rating Is
100W continuous and 1 SOW inter*
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COMMAND
TECHNOLOGIES, INC,
The Commander HF-2500 high
frequency amplifier delivers 1500
watts of continuous carrier output
using a pair of Eimac 3CX800A7
triodes requiring 50-80 watts of
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20. and 15 meters, andthe WARC
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it can perform on 10 meters. Maxi-
mum plate dissipation is 1600
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cle emissions, such as RTTY,
SSTV, FM and AM . as well as SSB
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Other features include negative
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The 70-pound. 17'x16'x7¥a'
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Command Technologies, inc.,
1117 West High Street, PO Box
939, Bryan OH 43506. (419) 636-
0443 or Customer Service (800)
736-0443, Or circle Reader Ser-
vice No. 202.
tt
TCE LABORATORIES
TCE Labs of San Antonio an*
noynces almost 100% of the
users of their Model BX TVl filter
report no trace of interterence*
Tom W4PSC, retired research en-
gineer and ham for 52 years, says
he designed this fitter out of ne-
cessity; he had tried every filler
available on the market, and his
TVl remained unchanged.
The Model BX TVl filter
attaches to the F-connec-
lor cable TV input or coax
cable VCR input. TCE
Labs sells the BX filter
for $23, and Model CX
for the neighbor's TV or
VCR for SI 8 (shipping in-
cluded: Texas residents
add 8% sales tax). TCE
also sells an effective telephone
filter for $16 (add $2 S^H; if
ordered separately). Send check
or UQ to TCB LABS, 587$
Sun Ridge, San Antonio TX
78247. Or call (512) 656-3635 for
more information or (800) 545-
5834 (1800 KILL TVl) for immedi-
ate delivery. Or circle Reader
Service No. 203.
Power requirement for this
5.37 kilogram {with paper roll)
printer is 120V AC or 13.8V
DC. ACE Communications,
tnc, 22511 Aspan Street, El
Toro CA 92630^6321. (714)
581-4900 or (800) 523-6366,
FAX (714) 768-4410. Of circle
Reader Service No. 204.
ACE COMMUNICATIONS, INC,
The WX-1000 produces hard
copy Images from radio facsimile
services, including NOAA weath-
er chart, NFAX, press photo, and
satellite weather pictures from
NOAA, GOES, and METEOR, etc.
It requires audio output from a
shortwave or S-band receiver ca-
pable of receiving facsimile sig-
nals. The built-in high resolution.
24-pin thermal printer produces
crisp images, ti's aiso capable of
producing gray scale, ideal for
APT (Automatic Picture Transmis-
sion) by weather satellite.
HEIL SOUND
The Hell BM-5 single-element
boomsel is one side of the Heil
BM-10 dual-headphone boomset.
This new BM-5 is great for mobile
use in states where dual-element
earphones are illegal. The micro-
phone boom is available with ei-
ther of the Heil ''Key Element"
cartridges— the HC-5 for full-
range response, or the HC-4 "DX
Dream Machine."
Price, S65. Contact Heii Sound,
Ltd,, HeiUndustrial Blvd., Marissa
iL 62257. Tel ($18) 295-3000. Or
circle Reader Service No. 208.
74 73 Amateur Radio • December. 1989
I
GORDON WEST
RADIO SCHOOL
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#2a 13 wpm Cat Code
#29 13-15 wpm Speed Builder
=** 30 15-17 worn Speed Bui I dt?r
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Elevate the status of your repeater with the RO850 Repeater ControOer.
Ever heard a really great repeater?
One that sounds superb? Is fun to
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Chances are, it's contjnlkcl by an ACC
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Ttie '850 Is extensively programmable,
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CJItCLE 31 ON READER SERVICE CARD
CmCLE 1 ON READER SERVICE CARD
73 Amateur RBdio • December. 1989 75
ENGINEERING
Engineering Consuiting now
has the "Packet Talker/' model
PKTA, for the Commodore 64 and
compatibles. "Packet Talker"
converts ASCII messages into
speech. You can store messages
for up to 300 users and retrieve
them with TouchTone com-
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er" to link yourTNC with any voice
repeater.
A similar oplton for the PK8 and
PK1 TNCs is available for the Ul-
tra Com Shack 64 repeater con-
CONSULTING
trailers. Used with the Ultra, the
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transfer of all active parameters,
voice message, and remote pro-
gramming.
Model PKTA provides hardware
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C€4. It sells for $1 90- Engineering
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2009. FAX (714) 255-9934. Of ck-
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HAMTRONICS, INC.
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PhiMystran's nonmetallic. main-
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Philtystran tower guys are pro-
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For more details on Phillystran*
HPTG rope, tower preparation,
and SOCKETFAST* BLUE, the
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terminate HPTG rope, contact
Hamtronlcs new REP-200 re-
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Four PCBs have been com-
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External cables are made with
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Added front panel indicators and
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For 2m and adjacent commer-
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65W with add-on PAs- On 900
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or 40W with add-on PA.
The REP-200 is $1295. Hanh
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Montgomeryvilie PA 18936. TeL Reader Service No. 207.
Letters
Appeal for
Young Hams
I*¥e heard about your call for
youth iB ham radlo> I am an
eighteen-year-old General class
licensee, and am very con*
earned about the future of ham
radio. Ham radio has been
around since before World War
I« and la still strong, but the old
guard slowly dwindles and
there are not enough young
adults to carry on the ham ra-
dio tradition.
It's everyone's regponslbillty
to get young people involved be-
fore it's too late. We need to
show them there's more to life
than parties or who's wearing
what. We need to open their
eyes to the wonderful world of
ham radio. How?
Show them how special they
are. Show them that they can
get on a radio and talk to any-
one In the world. Get them in-
volved in public service, such
as in events that demand com-
munications. lUte parades, 10k
From the Hamshack
races, etc. Yes, It will not be
easy at first, but now Is the time
to really start searching for
them, especially with no-code
m progress. If we could get
them to put as much energy in-
to ham radio as they do with
parties and fashion, then the
hobby win be carried from gen-
eration to generation. The
young folks are who we really
need to shoot for, and the way
to he suocessf ul is to show them
how valuable they really are in
this world of ours.
Kelly Howard N6PNY
Saugus CA
Closer Look at
ROSE
I would like to address some
of the comments made about
ROSE In the article '^Amateur
Packet Networking'^ in the Oc-
tober '89 Packet Issue. It la
stated that, *'The. . .protocol
used. . .is called AX. 25 be-
cause it is based on the world-
wide computer networking
protocol X. 26." AX. 25 actually
is only a small portion of X.25,
The original authors of the
AX. £5 protocol wanted to in-
clude the full features of X,25
because in many countries
X.2B MUST be used for net-
working.
**The major advantage of
ROBE is that it is available from
EATS at little OP no cost." We
should not evaluate network-
ing solutions using cost as a
major consideration. Technical
merits of a solution might be
more important.
It is stated that the major
problem with VC-based net-
works is that *'a disconnect
anywhere along the line breaks
the entire link to the destina-
tion,'* One factor overlooked is
that the VO method reduces
BBS message duplication great-
ly. This is one of the real advan-
tages of ROSE.
*'ROSE can't communicate
with FET/ROM, NET /ROM
can*t. , .TexNet, and TexNet
ean't. . .ROSE, etc,*' This is
true only on the network level.
On the AX,S6 level, they com-
m^unioate quite well. In IJew
Jersey, we forward at least
1000 messages each month be-
tween ROSE and NET/ROM
networks on the AX. 25 level.
I personally feel that net-
works based upon **the world-
wide computer networking
protocor* should be given seri-
ous consideration tf we are to
ever create a global amateur
packet network.
Thomas A. Moulton WEVY
Clifton NJ
See the Packet Talk column by
Brian Lloyd WBBRQNin this is-
sue for al&rification ofnusleBd-
ing statements in the OctiOber
'69 packet issue . . .
Linda KAIUKM
Make it Fun
UntU your editorial about
high school ham clubs, I didn't
know we started a high school
ham club in tough times In
1972. Four of us were already
hams and we convinced my
physics teacher to be our facul-
ty advisor. We showed how
learning the code and theory
was fun. We provided commu-
nlcatione for school competi-
tions. The last time I checked
the Callbook, our club callsign,
WB4DDP, was stlU listed. Em-
phasize ham radio as fun» and
you will get positive results.
Steven Futman N6ZR
Falrborn OH
7fi 73 Amateur Radio • December. 1989
RF POWER AMPLIFIERS
400
WATTS
(144-148 MHz)
TE SYSTEMS new HPA Series of high power
amplifiers now availabte through select national
distributors.
All amplifiers are linear (afl-mode), automatic
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tion and remote control capability included. All
units are designed to iCAS ratings and meet
FCC part 97 regulations. Approx. size is 2.8 x
10 X 115" and weight is 8 lbs.
Consult your local dealer or send directly for
further product information.
TE SYSTEMS
P.O. Box 25645
Los Angeles. CA 90025
{213)478-0691
SPECIFtCATIONS
MHz
50-54
Modfll
0550G
!450G
1452G
Power -^-^ — — Preamp— DC Power hF
Input Output NF-dQ Gafn-dB +Vdc A Conn,
144-148
144-14B 25
200
400
400
13.6 42
13.6
13-6
UHF
UHF
UHF
22S2G
220-225
25
250
.7
14
T3.6
^
UHF
4450G
420-450
10
180
1.1
12
13.6
39
N
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420450
25
1B0
1.1
12
13 6
36
N
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cover full amateur band - specify 10 MHz bandwidth tor 420-450 MHi amplifier Con-
tinuous duty repeater amps also available.
Amplifier capabilities: 100*200 MHz, 2254D0 MHz, V2GHz, Military {28V). ComrryetciaJ.
elc also avariabie -consult factory-
ri
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WRITE OR CALL FOR OUR COMPLETE CATALOG
ma^
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Aw right, a * ready! NOW, the popular electronics ami amateur radio books you 've
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niPl! • The Packet Ba^io
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Well wimh nriHlii^g fm Nith flic
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OIBW • Th* Beginner's
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AR2:r»J * Antenna
Irnpfrdance Matching
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ARlAHa • Tune In the World
With Ham Had I A Kit (Sih ed)
BfunJ New J[d}Eiim ELi^icr hi rcud ,
rcvi3iet| ftii tov^r% the quc^tiuti
pncili^ tM% Nmifx riLiifii2K lei^cn iW
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Kandt^ook
ThLv J54il>-fM^ Kink h wniicn (mm
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ALEK Directory
Number 27 on your Feedback card
CALIFORNIA
Burbank
Free QSL Cards on orders over S10011 Dis-
count pnce^ on ail amateur products Open 7
daysa^eefc Call our SuffeSinSoard A-TECH
ELECTRONICS, 1033 Hollywood Way. Bur^
ba nk C A 9 1 SOS : (B 1 8 ) 845- 9 2D3 . {8 1 B ) 34 6 -
2298 FAX, (eta) S46-BM6 Modem/BBS,
Sitn Diego
Hard 10 find parts, sutfijus el&cironica. stan-
dard line Items, Hams, hobbyists, mdustnal
fimlBsslcmalt — ^froni nuts & botis to laser
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gol 11' M-F^-5 30Sa! 9 5 GATEWAY ELEC^
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COLORADO
Daover
Hard to And parts, sirrplue electronics, stari-
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profe5a4onab— from nut^ & tiolts to laser
diodes, . Electron icalty speaking, Gateway's
gotit'M^d-SaOSal d^S GATEWAV ELEC-
TRONICS. 5115 fi. Federal Btvd. #22^6.
Denver CO 60221 ; (3B3} 458^5444.
DELAWARE
Newcastle
Factory authorized dealer'" Vaesu, IGOM,
Ten-Tec, KOK, Kenwood, AEA, Kantronics,
Santoc. Full ilrw oi accessories Nosale? tax
in Dfi^Bwafe One mWa off I 95 DELAWARE
AMATEUR SUPPLY. 71 Meadow Road,
New Castle DE 1 9720; (302> 32ft'772a.
IDAHO
PreatoR
Hass WB7BtZ Hsb the tai g&st stock of ama-
teur giear in the tntenriountain West arkd the
best prices. Over 9,000 ham related gear in
stock Call us tor "all" your ham needs today.
ROSS DISTRIBUTING Co., 70 5. Stata.Pre^
Stan ID B32B3: (2C^8) 952-0630,
KANSAS
Wellington
We have it[ ASTRON. BUTTERNUT, EN-
COMM. HEATHKJT. GORDON WEST,
KANTHONICS, LASER COMPUTERS. MFJ,
RAOtO SHACK, TIEN TEC. VALOR ANTEN-
NAS S. more Small town ^ivico with tfiE-
count pnc^, DANDYS, 120N, Washington «
Wellington, KS. 67152. (316) 326-6314,
Circle Reader Service 2B3 i^or more mforma-
MISSOURI
St. Louie
Hard 10 find parts, surplus e^ect^Qnics, stan-
dard tine itoms- Hams, hobbyists ^ rnduslnal
prDfess4onals— from nuts & txilts to laser
dKxles ..Electronically speaN^ng. Gateway's
c^ol it' M-F 9-5 30 Sat 9-5 GATEWAY
ELECTRONICS, 8123 Page Blvd., St. Louis
MO 63130: (314) 427-6116.
fJEW HAMPSHIRE
Derry
Serving the tiam communrty with new and
used equipmeriit. We stock and service most
ma|Or lines AEA, Astron. B&W. Bencher.
Cushcrah. Hustler, ICOM. Kenwood, KIM,
tarsen. MFJ. Mirage. VitifopIeK: tsooks. ro-
tor?, cattle arxj connectors. Business tiours
Mon -Sat. tO-S. Thursday 10-7. Closed
SunJHolidays RIVENDELL ELECTROM-
ICS, 6 Londonderry Road, Derry NH 03036;
(603H34-S371 .
NEW YORK
Jamestown
Western New York's finest amateur radto
dealer feaiurmg tCOM-Larsen-AEA-
Harrrtronics- Astron^. New and us«d g<ear 6
am to S-30. Sal and Sun tjy appoHntmeni
VHF COMMUNlCATtOHS, 260 Tiffany
Ave., Jamestown NY 14701. (716) 664-
6345* Circle Reader Service number 129 lor
more intormation.
Manbatlan
Manfiattan's Largest ami or»ly ham aiKl busi-
ness Radio Store Feaiurir^g MOTORtXA.
ICOM, KENWOOD, YAESU. AEA. SONY.
BCRD. TEN -TEC. etc. Full stock of radios and
accessories. Repair Eab on prernises Open 7
(Says M-F, 9-6:30 pm; Sal & Sun. 10-5 pm,
WestHp woftdwide BARRY ELECTRONICS,
512 Braadwsy. New Yoffi NY 10012; (212)
925-700<). FAX {212} 925-7001,
NORTH CAROLINA
Gr^enstMfo
tOam to Tp.m Clewed MorKfay. ICOM our
spectaily-Sa^es & Service. Also (lo name a
lew}: TenTec. Yaesi/. Kenv^ood, Benctier,
Sangean, B&W, MFJ. Allnco. Comet, Sure,
Callbooks. Ameco. Frank N4AZM. Mae
KB4IUX FAM ELECTRONICS. 3520 Rock-
Ingham Road, Greenstwro NC 27407; |9 1 $)
29&'3437.
OHIO
Columbya
Central Ofiio's hjU-line autfwrized dealer fcf
Kenwood. iCOM, Yaesu, Ton-Toe. Info^Twtfi,
jB|ian Radio, AEA, Cushcraft. Hustler, and
Butternut. New and used equipment on dis-
play and operational in our 400O sq.Ft, store.
Large SWL department, too UNIVERSAL
AMATEUR RAPm. 1260 Alda Driva,
Reynold aburg {Col u m bui} OH 4306$; {6 1 4)
866-4267,
PENNSYLVANIA
Trevose
Authorized faciory sales and seivice' KEN-
WOOD fCOM, YAESU, featuring AMER-
ITRON, 8&W. MFJ, HYGAjN, KLM,
CUSHCRAFT, HUSTLER, KANTRONiCS.
AEA. VIBROPLEX. HEILCALLBOOK, ARRL
Putlticatjons, and mucti more. HAMTROf*-
tCS, INC.. 4033 Brownsville Roiad, Trevose
PA 19047; (215) 357-1400. FAX (21 5J 355*
6956. Sales Order 1-800-4 26-23 20. Circle
Reader Service 376 for more information.
TEXAS
Dalta*
In DaHas since 1^^ We feature Kenwood.
ICQMp Yaesu. AEA, Butiernut, Rohn. ama-
teur ptiblicatiorts. and a full [irie of acces-
sories. Factory auUionzed Kenwood Servioe
Center EL1CTII0«!C C^NTlft. tNC, 2609
Ross Ave., Dallas JX 75201; (214} 969-
1336.
Houston
Hard to find pads, sufpfus electronics, stan-
dard tine items. Han^, hofebytsts. >ndus!riaJ
prgifessfonal?— trom nuts & b<^ts to laser
diodes... Electronically spMfcing. Gateway's
got iti M-F 9-5 30 Sat 9-S.GATEWAY
ELECTRONICS. ^390 Westpark Drive,
Houston TX 77063; (713) 978-6575.
Southwest Houston
Fill Im© ol Equipment artd Accessories, ifi-
house service featuring ICOM and YAESU-
New equi^pment on display and operational!
(713) 679-7764; FAX (713) 679-9341. MIS-
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cit Reader Service 360 tor more inlofmatJOfi.
DEALERS: Vaur company name and n^e&sage can contain up to 50 words for as tittle as $420 yeariy {prepaid), or S210 for six months (prepaid). No mention
of maiJH^rder bu^ine^s please. Directory text and payment must reach us SO days in advance of publication. For example, advertising for the April '89 Issue
must be in our hands by February 1st. Mail to 73 Amateur RBdio , Box 278, Forest Road. Hancock. NH Q3449.
Number 28 on your Feedback card
DVERTISERS
Issue 0351
H»S*#
Page R,S.f
22 eOl-SCAN
35S Ace Communications
1 Advanced Compy tor Control
65 Advanced Electronic Applications
1?e Aero Data Systems
&S Aerospace Donsylting .
67 Alinco Etectronics
« Aljied Appliance & Radio
Amateur Electronics Supply
Antennas West
Antennas West
Antennas West
Antennas West
Antennas West
Antennas West
Antennas West
Antennas West
Antique Radjo Classified
Associated Radio
Astron COfporation
B&Blnstruments
Barker & WiUiamson
Sarry Electronics Corp
42 d liar Company
* Brian Beezley KSSTi
fiuckntaster Publishing
Buckmaslor Publishing
BuckmasTer Pubhshmg
* Burgtiardi Amai@ur Radio. .
* Butternut Eleclrontcs
366 C^SSaJesInc •••,.
*
69
90
304
302
107
236
5
303
271
•
16
•
S3
41
170
?
36S
65
•
23
«
75
tST
37*
\m
63
343
61
99
51*
121
57
10
21*
«
43
IS
71
12
61
306
69
*
m
147
41
23»
46
13
67
114
61
p
63
26a
28
m
b/
37?
34
373
27
46
41
■
60
17
87-
72
69-
•
67
326
41
19
46
5
f>3
•
Page
Call Sign Cups 81
Ce City International 67
Claveiandlnsiol Elect. 23
CoaxiaJ Dynamics . . . , 4$
Commpute Corp. .67
Communication Concepts, Fnc. .75
Communications Electronic . . 35
Communications Spectaitst 3'
Compuiersjnc. .67
Comteico SB
Conneci Systems 1
Creative Control products 64
Cubex Company 44
Data Com tntemat«onat . , €3
Digrral RadK) SysterTB Inc 45
Doppler Systems 67'
EH. Yost 36
Engineenng Consulting .73
Elched Call S^gn Cups . , 71
Frankim 8«lte Put>listKrs S3
G & G Electronics S9
Gap Antenna Prodocts 13
Gauttiier's Covers Plus . 65
QGTE ,60'
GiB Electronics 73
IZ Gifien Martin Engineenng 41
Grapevine Group 87
GTI Electronics 65
Hall Electronics 7i
Hamtronkis. Inc. 11
Heath Co 53
R.S.f
m
110
2fi9
3S4
*
100
272
92
•
2
47
m
101
ss
241
44
m
162
348
295
252
167
163
137
349
96
t52
176
68
66
toe
p
INlftr
r.Sji
Page
HeaitiCo, ,,*,..,
53
31
Radio Amateur CaJIboOk . .
75, ae
i-f orison Manufacturing —
68
34
Ramsey Elect ronir„^
31'
Nuslter, Inc
42
14
Renarssance Devekspmenl
38
fCOM Amenca
CV2*
m
RF Enlerpn5i<ts
14
Intef con Data Systems
64
*
RF Enterpfisti ....
15
Interconnect Specialists
19
254
Rness Dtslributing
33
International Radio .
63
7B
Isotron Antenna . .
41*
■
Uncle Wayne's BooNshelf . , .
.. 78.79
Jim's Electronics
40
93
S-COM Industries .._,,
, ^ , . . 64
K-IO
41
332
Saiellne City
57*
Kenwood U.S.A. Corp
CV4.5.6*
36
Scramblir^ News
, 43
LEB Enierprtses
81
2S0
Sottware Systems .
44
Link-Com ..,......,,..
,..71
244
Software Systems .
46
Maggjore Electronics Lab
77
«
Somerset Electronic^
46
MaKOom Inc
71 •
•
Sony Corp of Amenca
62
Meadowlakfl Corp
.....87
51
Spectrum Communications
6t
Uedia Mentors .
68-
163
Spectrum International
67
Motro Printing . ,, , , .
65
•
Summiiek
64
MFJ Enterprises .
16,59
11
Surplus Sales Of tslebraska
S7
Michigan Radio .
55
87
TCE Labs
65
Micro Oomiiiutef Concepts
43
28
TD Systems
46
Micro Cont Specialiites
36
232
TE Systems
77
Midland Tectmologies
64
•
Tlw Ham Center
64
Mission Communicaiion &.
150
The Radio Works . .
. 65
Consulting
87
lis
The RF Connection
65
Mobile Mark
69
•
Tropical Hamboree
81
MoUOn Eiectrofiics
43
136
UnadiRa/Amennas Mfg Co.
36
Naval Eietrtronics
73
•
Univefsal Amateur Radio .
64*
Nemal Elect ronics
69
T9
Vanguard Labs
57
Omar Eleclranic^
69
•
VHF Communications
67
Qnon Business Infl
BT
191
W S W Associates
35
Orlando Hamcaiion
56
36
W9INN Antennas
GO
PC Elecifonics
2.7 r
«
Wi-Comm EJecironics
65
PaC'-Comm
43
105
WilBurt Compajiy .
66
Pacific Cable Co Inc
... 61
3
WJBIndustrios ..,.,
71
Periphex .,
67
•
Yaesu Electronics Corp, . CV3. 46, 49
Pipo Communications
. 44
' Advefti&efs wtio have contributed lo the Na-
Procommf
44
tional Industry Advisory Committee (NIAC).
80 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
' AMATEUR RADtO STATION HH
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73 Amateur Radio * Decembef, 19S9 81
Never Say Die
continued from p. 4
WA3YQY, CaftosOpus f, the Scourge of
EddyviHe (NY), has cleaned his ares of
jammers, breaker-breakers, taif-enders,
and long-winded wimp aid-timers with
nothing whatever of interest to talk
at>aut
living in caves, came up with a
wonderful no-code license sever-
al years ago. It's incredibly like the
ARRL proposal. It also has attracl-
ed less than 100 takers so far.
Talk about a bomb. We couldn't
picl< a worse model to emulate if
we had even the slightest interest
in actually solving our problem.
No, this debacle had to be
planned — it's too dumb to be an
accident.
Three Steps to Winning
Yd&, I betieve amateur radio
can be saved. I believe it's possi-
ble for us to (1) clean up our bands
so any thinking newcomer will not
compare us unfavorably with CB;
{2) actually have many interesting
conversations over the air. not on-
ly locally, but even internationally;
(3) attract youngsters to our hobby
on the basis that it's fun.
It doesn't take much listening to
discover that we have some seri-
ous people problems in our
bands. Hams like K1 MAN need to
have the concept of others' rights
explained to them. KV4FZ needs
to understand the ramifications of
his actions and how severely he is
damaging our hobby. I singled
those two out because I have a
stack of recent complaints atxjut
them. There are hundreds of
hams who are lousing up our nets,
repeaters, traffic handling and so
on. Many of these are not going to
be easily convinced lo stop mess-
ing up our bands. Many are going
to be major challenges loouringe-
02 73 Amateur Radio * December, 1989
nuity since Ihey seem to be
all mouth and no ears,
We need some sort of
Band Police system. Unfor-
tunately, all too often the po-
Itce become as much a part
of the problem as the solu-
tion. We have only to watch
the police in Chile beating
people to death — the amiy/
police in Israel shooting chil-
dren— the army/police In
China shooting thousands of
childfen— the death squads
in Central and South Amefi*
ca ''disappearing" thou-
sands of troublesome peo-
ple—to see where police
action can go wrong.
What about our "police,"
the FCC? Every few days I
get copies of complaints filed
with the FCC citing welWoc-
umented intentional ham in-
terference cases. Some
groups, frustrated by the
FCC disinterest, have start-
ed peppering their congress-
men with complaints. Unfor-
tunately, these complaints
are far more destructive to the fu-
ture of amateur radio than the per-
verse actions which are causing
them. Bureaucrals tend to shoot
the whistleblowers — kill the mes-
senger.
Well, if Tm not suggesting our
forming vigilante parties to string
'em up, nor our turning to what we
perceive as our authorities for
help, where can we turn? We do
have an almost completely un-
used strength— a powerful
strength. If we use this strength, I
believe we can clean up our bands
in a surprisingly short time. This
strength lies in our thousands of
ham clubs. It ites in our working
cooperatively to clean up the
mess. Remember, we outnumber
the bad guys a hundred to one— if
we cooperate.
By organizing our defense
against the garbage on our bands
— against the ham ten-orisis who
are ruining amateur radio for the
rest of ys— we can, if we work
smart, get them to cooperate.
This starts at home. At the next
club meeting, form a garbage
cleanup committee whose pur*
pose is to tackle local repeater
problems. The committee will be
looking for jammers, offensive
language and other inconsiderate
activities. Getting the hams who
are making the mess to clean up
their act requires both tact and
firmness. If you come on as offi-
cious and unreasonable, you'll
stir up a worse hornets' nest.
When Tm in the middle of a
OSOon a repeater, breaking back
and forth, I get as irritated as any-
one else when someone comes
on and lectures me about the FCC
regulations on identifying. If he
broke in and asked for my call. Td
have no problem- Few people are
comfortable with being told what
to do, but most of us will go that
extra mile if we're asked^
If someone uses bad language,
why not break in and ask htm to
please be careful , that your grand-
da ughter or friends are listening?
That may get more cooperation
than your reading him the regula*
tion against bad language, which
can easily turn the frequency biue
for quite some time.
Hunting jammers is real fun, tt*ll
give your ciub some first rale di-
rection finding experience. You
can do fine with cars, but if you
have a member with a plane you'll
be able lo home m on jammers in
minutes. I remember a Massachu-
setts club which had a persistent
jammer. DFers discovered it to be
none other than the club president
trying to force unwanted hams off
"his" repeater* Hi. Bob.
By working in club groups and
reporting repeat offenders at
meetings, you'll have strength. If
you find some local hams who
can't be helped to improve their
ways, it's time for stronger mea-
sures. This is where you need to
be creative. For instance, you
might consider a whole-club visit
some evening lo his house. Fitly
or so hams knocking on the door
might make an impression on
even the most sour type of ham,
Now and then I get nasty letters
about my editorials, I welcome
ideas and facts, but not nastiness.
When I get letters like that I feet
sorry for the ham's family— they
have to live with him every day. No
nice person suddenly is nasty in a
letter— that takes someone with
mental probiems. It's just the
same on the air.
We do have some serious
sicKos in our hobby. Contrary to
the popular myth, the code test
has been a total failure in keepmg
out undesirables, I'm not yet com-
pletely convinced that it's the
code which makes hams crazy,
but I have noticed an otherwise
unexplainable correlation be-
tween class of license and the
number of \oosb marbles rattling
around in many heads.
Once your club garbage clean-
up committee has had success on
your tocal repeaters, it's time to
tackle low band crazies. First look
for nearby hams who are screwing
up, and apply your now welMe-
vefoped group reasoning powers.
If you hear more distant ops mess-
ing things up, try reason first. If
that fails, see about getting help in
their area. I'd love to list the clubs
in 73 which have formed garbage
cleanup squads so you'll be able
to get help when you run into per-
sistent spoilers. Their local clubs
may have more success getting
through to them.
The idea is to be polite but firm.
You want to gel their cooperation,
not get them so mad they'll jam
your net until they die. If we man-
age to make the papers with our
efforts. Td prefer it be for picketing
his home rather than fire-bombing
his c^r.
Can We Finally End Pileups?
Pileups are caused by poor DX
operating. We need to educate
expedition ops and ops in rare
countries on how to avoid pileups,
Pileups are like a shark-feeding
frenzy- they get started by a DX
op and then get out of hand, with
Ihe DX-chasers losing all perspec-
tive and reason.
How can a DX op with a weak
signal keep pileups from happen-
ing? It's easy, I've OXpedilioned
from many rare countries and I've
teamed how to keep the pileups
from happening. To brag just a bit
(as usual), I've operated from
KP1, 302, 3D6, 7P8. 70, 5W4.
5Z4, KS6. KW6. KG6, KR6. 9M6.
9M8, 9N1 , YK1 , 0D5, HS, YA. BP,
FO0, FKS. VU. HL, VS6, 9V1. JY,
OHO, FP8, etc. p so I'm not without
some experience at this.
My operating system, once I
hear the beginnings of a pileup. is
to explain my rules and go by
them rigidly. I explain that I'm
going to stand by for about 30
seconds and write down just the
last letter of any calls. I don't want
anyone to send anything but the
last letter of their call— one letter.
I suggest they not all transmit
immediately, but wait and space
out their calls— with no more than
two transmissions of their last
letter.
I then break in and ask each
letter Tve heard lo stand by while I
hst everyone calling. I keep this up
until the frequency is siient. Then I
ask each letter Tve heard to give
their call once and nothing more. I
confirm the call, give the report
and ask for my report, with abso-
lutely no breakers. I then confirm
my report, and without missing a
beat^ ask for the next letter's fufi
call only. Once Tve worked all the
letters Tve listed. I give my QSL
information, explain the rules
again and stand by to list more
I
I
I
letters. In thJs way Vm able to get
right down to the QRP. weak DX
and mobile stations with no piie-
ups, no OX crush and no panicky
DXers wondering how soon the
band will change. I don't even
need a strong signal to make it
wori<.
When someone with pooroper^
ating manners insists on botching
things up, I explain that if he keeps
it up, no QSL.
We can cure all our miseries if
weoooperate and persist.
Making Contacts
Morefnteresting
Though I've written about this
before. I haven't yet noticed any
signs that anyone has been pay-
ing attention. Yes, it's difficult to
make contact with someone
you've never talked with before
and try to develop interesting con-
versations. It's easier to mindless-
ly babble about your rig, antenna
and weather, none of which is of
any more interest to him than is
his station to you.
The up side of our having very
few young hams is that most of
you can read. The question aris-
es, if you can read, are you actual-
ly reading? Let's be rotten atK}ut
this — when is the last time you
read a book? Any kind of book?
Tm having some mteresling non-
ham books included in the Uncle
Wayne's Bookshop, just in case
you want to grve reading a try.
I look at it this way. If an old coot
like me can publish 73, put out a
major music magazine {CD Re-
view), and a handful of other
smaller publications, run a record
company, a mail order music com-
pany, etc., and also manage to
read a big stack of magazines
plus a couple books a month, why
can't you? I'm not superhuman, I
just spend my time carefully.
I also watch TV, see most of the
better movies, gel to concerts, go
on skiing and diving trips, get to
business conferences and ham-
fests, but that doesn't keep me
from reading. So» when you con-
tact me on the air— and yes, I even
get on the air — I'll be delighted to
talk with you about aJmost any-
thing. If I know about ft, fine. If I
don't, i want to.
I can't remember anyone ever
asking me what fVe read recently.
I often ask, I can't remember any-
one in the fast 50 years asking me
first what I do.
You know, if you just started
asMng the chaps you talk with
what restaurants in their area
they recommend and why,
you'd soon have the makings
of a restaurant guide book.
Maybe they know some well-
known people? Have you ever
asked "em? No one has ever
asked me^and I've known a few.
I also have some great stories I
can tell about 'em. Ask me about
Amelia Earhart, about aviation pi-
oneer Frank Hawkes, Steve Jobs,
King Hussein.
One way to tieip us gel more
Interesting contacts is to have
nets set up for discussing specific
interests, Specral Interest Group
Nets (SIGNs). I occasionally call
into the submariners net, the ex-
QE employees net and the Mensa
net. If there were nets devoted to
cosmology, UFOs. new ham tech-
nologies, Gaia, the greenhouse
problem, educational technolo-
gies, etc, I'd be on the air much
more.
If youVe got a good signal and
are willing to sponsor a net, find a
frequency and time which won't
get others all upset and get it start-
ed. Let me know the t^me/day/fre-
quency and 111 publish it in 73 so
you1l have the whole country from
which to draw.
The slow scanners should have
a net frequency — not for sending
pictures, but for discussing new
circuits, new equipment and fate
developments. OSCAR ops have
such a net. Every ham special in-
terest should organize nets as
meeting places. ! remember run-
ning into a doctor net. airport man-
ager net, ham flyer net. Westing-
house employees net — so where
are the skier and skin diver nets?
Talk to me about books, music,
places you've traveled, your other
hobbies— talk to mef But please
don*t tell me what rig you bought
Of what antenna youVe got up
there. Please! I don't really even
want to know my signal report-
more than you're hearing me fine
or, more probably, witi^ some diffi-
cutty. i hate getting a 5-9 and then
finding that about 2% of my trans-
missions have actually been
heard, I also hate finding that the
only reason someone has called
me is because they "need New
Hampshire." For what?
I have this strange concept of
amateur radio— that it's best used
for communications. I'm not sure
what the drivmg force is behind
someone having to work every
country in the worid. I could see
wanting to talk with every country,
but ten-second contacts just to get
QSL cards? That's crazyl
Okay, okay, I know I just got
through explaining how to make
fast, stupid contacts. Well, 1 can't
change the world in a day. And.
9ciua*^
*35
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CIRCLE 126 ON READER SERVICE CAffD
73 Amateur Radio ■ December, 1989 83
yes, I even encourage ibis sort
of madness with my DX Dynasty
award. You can't imagine how
mycJi J hate myself for that. Tafk
about being my own worst enemy!
But when I sav/ the blundering
mess DXCC has become, it just
seemed to me thai, no matter
how dumb the premise, someone
ought to do ft better. So I started
the DX Dynasty, which has 400
counlries — all legitimate coun-
tries. That's how many the official
lARU member societies accept
as countries — and who knows
better what is or is not a country
than the lARU official amateur ra-
dio societies? Thrs keeps me out
of the country decision hassle and
all those weird ralionatizatlons
which have hamstrung (sorry)
the ARRL
Thus, on the one hand 1 have an
award available for hams who are
unable to prevent themselves
from being stuptd— and on (he
other Tm saying don*t ruin our
hobby by going for these operat-
ing awards. You're going to have
enough to answer for when you
get your "silent key" award with-
out havmg to find out how much
you've aggravated hundreds of
hams with your 10 kilowatt rock
crusher when they replay "this
was your life/' If you'd read some
tKK)Ks< you*d know what Tm talk-
ing about.
Step Three
Let*s fantasize that we've re-
conditioned the jammers and
made them honored members of
our ham society. That's step one.
Next we've managed to get a rea*
sonable number of hams to actu-
ally talk about interesting things
on the air. Step two. That still
leaves step three, getting new-
comers. At least by now we'll have
a hobby of which we can be proud
— something we can feel good
about to selL By the time we get to
step three, it'll be easy to attract
new hams. When we*re ready we
can tackle this hurdle. We're not
ready yet.
Now, The Clubs
While there is no doubt in my
mrnd that there are some really
progressive ham clubs hidden
around the country, the sad fact is
that a high percentage are disas-
ters. I mentioned addressing one
recently where I was one of the
youngest people present.
I wish I had the space m 73 to
publish the endless letters I get
from younger hams telling me
about their terrible experiences in
trying to get help from a local ham
club. Maybe \ can get these onto
the 73 BBS so you can see some
of the mail I get and perhaps de-
velop a better understanding of
our root problems.
I pointed out that the FCC
should not be perceived as a
strength upon which we can lean.
I don't think they hate amateur ra-
dio, they just don't want to be
bothered. Amateur radio has
been a royal pain in the butt for
them for years, with little on the up
side.
Well then, we certainly can de-
pend on the ARRL, right? Trying
to discuss the ARRL evenhan-
dledly is about as fruitful as trying
to discuss agnosticism at a Bap-
tist revival meeting, so Til leave
you with your beliefs and not up-
set you with facts. I will say that it
is my considered opinion that any
belief that the ARRL is going to be
QSL OF THE MONTH
To enter your QSL, mail it in an envelope to 7J, WGE Center, Forest
Road, Hancock NH 03449, Attn: QSL of the Month. Winners receive a
one-year subscription (or extension) to 73. Entries not in envelopes
cannot be accepted,
84 73 A ma tear Ra dio • Decem be r , 1 989
helpful in solving our problems is
more fantasy than reality.
Okay, if we can't depend on the
FCC or the ARRL to save us, cer-
tainly the ham industry, which is
totally dependent on ham sales,
will do it, right? Wrong.
The only strength we really
have to work with is our ham
clubs. We do have a few of these
which are being Intelligently guid-
ed—which are going all out to at-
tract youngsters to our hobby—
which are taking an interest in
trying to rebuild our hobby. Alas,
we have an awful lot of clubs, run
by old men, which are doing all
they can to keep kids out.
What I suggest you do is this:
Take the time and interest to find
out when your local ham clubs
meet. Go to the meetings. See how
they are running. Are the meetings
interesting or are they dominated
with "business" discussions
which make them dreadful bores?
Do they have exciting speakers?
Speakers. Let me discuss
speakers. You'll be able to get
some really interesting speakers if
you try. But if you treat them the
way Tve been treated they'll quick-
ly stop addressing ham clubs.
When you are able to attract a
good speaker make sure that you
do something special about it. Get
notices in the newspapers and on
local radio stations to attract an
audience. Talk it up with an-
nouncements on local repeaters.
Have a pre-meeting dinner to
get the speaker together with a
few selected interesting club
members. This will help the
speaker know what the audience
will be most interested in hearing
about.
At the meeting immediately in-
troduce the speaker and let the
speaking commence. No "short"
business meeting. No yearly elec-
tions. If you absolutely can't pre-
vent yourself from these destruc-
tive activities, at least leave them
for after the speaker has gone.
Give the speaker plenty of time
to talk and answer questions.
Then have the coffee & dough-
nuts, with a further informal talk
session, Thank the speaker and
give him or her some memento of
the occasion.
A good friend of mine, a top
ham speaker, won't talk to a club
unless he gets $1,000 up front.
It isn't that he needs the money,
it's just that this is what he found
it takes before a club will lake
him seriously enough to pay him
some respect. I tried that and,
sure enough, I found 1 got a lot
more respect when I charged
$1 .000 than when I speak for free,
I remember being invited to ad-
dress a ham club near Boston.
They neglected to tell me how to
find the meeting place— just
check in on the repeater for direc-
tions. So I drove to the town and
called in, ISlo one on the repeater
knew where the meeting was, I
persisted and finally someone
came on who was abfe to give me
directions. When I got to the meet-
ing, they were busy with ReW Day
preparations, so it was after 10
p,m., when everyone was tired
and ready to go home, before
there was lime for me to talk. No, 1
don't speak to many clubs these
days.
If you take the lime to infiltrate
your local clubs youMI be in a posi-
tion to improve the meetings. Any-
one who speaks up at club meet-
ings is quickly made the club
president. Get yourself in a posi-
tion to make sure the club goes
after youngsters and then gets
'em licensed. Make sure the
meetings are fun for everyone.
Get a garbage committee going to
help clean up our bands. Club
meetings are show biz, so they
have to be planned.
Plan 8
Let's indulge in the unlikely fan-
tasy that my plan for you to get
your local ham club to form a
Garbage Committee to clean up
our bands has fallen on the usual
deaf ears. The "Mittle old ladies"
who are running the club don't
think the club should ''get in-
volved'' with anything as contro-
versial as that,
I go out on a limb every month
for you in my editorials and what
do I get in return? I get timid,
pukey, mewling letters saying
yes, golly, I sure agree with you,
but for heaven's sake, whatever
you do» don't print my name or
call. Spineless, wishy*washy, gut-
less namby-pambies. That isn't
the spirit that made America
great, that's the spirit that has
helped us collapse into last place
in the developed world in educa-
tion and to lose our electronics in-
dusthes to Japan.
Of course, if you don't read any*
thing but ham magazines, and are
thus a certified ignoramus, I can
understand why you're terrified
of expressing an opinion. 1 can al-
so see why you might go into a
quaking panic at the idea that the
ARRL might sense some slight
defection on your part. Some
hams seem fearful that if even a
hint that they are not absolutely
delighted ¥Vith every aspect of The
League is detected, the local
SCMs and their dreaded right
wing ''death squads" will kidnap
and torture them.
Now, while this may possibSy be
happening in some isolated areas
where there are overly zealous
SCMs, I don't see where thts can
honestly be a serious concern for
most hams.
But, if you're too much of a
milquetoast to go on the air and
help bring reason and order to our
ham bands using your own call^f
you find youself going into a btue
funk at the mere thought of stand-
ing up for what you know darned
well is right— I have a solution. I
have a way for you to be daring-
for you to tell off (sort of) the
cretins who are fousing up our
bands without ever letting them
know who you are. t have a way
you can blame the whole thing on
me. So. even if you are a lilly*)iv-
ered, yellow-bellied, saspariJia-
drinking coward, you'll still be
able to lend a hand in cleaning up
the mess on our bands youVe al-
lowed to grow into a monster. It's
time to stop turning the other
cheek, ll*s time for you to take a
stand, no matter how weak.
Okay, here's a way we can work
it. As you know, when you operate
my Stat ton, youVe permitted to
use my call as long as I have
''control." right? You can only
sign my W2NSD call letters within
the limitations of your license or
mine, so if you've an Extra Class
license you can only operate in
asking some idiot who has been
using bad language or jamming a
net or a repeater to shape up
won't get much heed, but if every
T'^ reader makes it his or her busi-
ness to spend even ten minutes a
day helping to clean up our bands,
''Tatk to me about books,
music, places you've traveled, your
other hobbies — talk to me! But please
don't tell me what rig you bought or
y\fhat antenna you Ve got up there, "
the Advanced Class bands. If
youVe a Tech. you can only oper-
ate in the Tech bands, even using
my call
Now here^s what you do When
you hear someone making a mess
of things on the air, break in and
say, "Please... please... give me a
breakL.Jhis is W2NS0;' If you
say exactly that, as I've asked,
then obviously / am in control of
your station. If you say anything
else, you're in control and you'll
have to use your own call.
One voice in the wilderness
us good guys will be abfe to rout
the baddies. A chap who misuses
our bands may not pay any atten-
tion to one bleat of indignation,
but it fifty voices, all claiming to be
W2NSD. get after him, perhaps
the message will eventually get
across.
Notice that fve asked you to say
"please," YouVe asking him to
shape up, not telling hrm. It's
much more difficult lo ignore
someone asking you than some-
one ordering you to do something.
When Tm In control of your station
be sure you don't jam or make
more of a mess of things.
The normal reaction by the buf-
Hes who are messing up our
bands is to launch into a long in-
sulting diatribe. This is designed
to make you mad and retaliate.
This is what it's all about for this
brain-damaged would-be CBer.
I've found the best way to handJe
this is to immediately tune off the
frequency when the hate starts
and look up the band for other
mental retards lo discourage.
Of course, if you have a clean-
up group working with you via a
repeater, you can drive the bully
nuts with different voices asking
him to ''give me a break.. .this is
W2NSd;*
Let me know how this works
out for you. If we don't have suc-
cess with Plan A or Plan B, we
may have to go to Plan C, which
involves Dick Bash — remem-
ber him? Tve heard he's now
selling AK-47S. Nothing changes.
If youVe panicky that I might
print your call in 73, don't let that
stop you from writing; just let me
know and I'll keep it secret —
although we are talking about
starling a ham whistleblower relo-
cation program. I expect to get
some interesting stories of your
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RO PAG ATI ON
Jim Gray W1XU
PO Box 1079
Payson AZ 8554t
December Forecast
December days are the shortest of
the year, so expect the higher fre-
quency HF bands, 20-1 Om, to dose
at dark or ^ale afternoon. Occasion-
ally, on very good days, you will find
them open (ong after dark.
Solar activity )s higher than it has
been in 10 years, and you
can expeci some sudden
Ionospheric disturbances
brought on by sotar flares
and other events on Old Sol.
As shown in the daily fore-
cast calendar, on days w^th a
P, F or G. expect Poor, Fair.
or Good conditions, respec-
tiveiy. Allow for an error of a
day or two in either direction.
Jim Gray WIXU
likely to be open at the same time lo
the same locatjon.
DXing
Gray line propagation, at dawn or
dusk along the path of the lermina-
tor, may be especially good on all
bands from 40 through 10. Keep an
ear tuned to WWV at 1 8 minutes pasi
the houf for current propagation
conditions^
GoodDX!
EASTERN UNITED STATES TO:
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MAatfc
AUSTRALIA
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ARQENTIHA,
ENSUWO
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JAPAN
msj99-
PHJLIPPINES
PUEHTOfflCO
SOU W AFRICA,
Reading tlie Chart
When a given band is open
to a place on Earth at a
specific time as Indicated on
the chait. took a bit earlier,
just for fun. On some days.
these openings may not exist
at all, so try a tower band. In
many cases, you'll be pleas-
antly surprised to find the
next higher band open as
well. For the WARC bands,
you'll find propagation
sharing some of the charac-
tertsties of the next higher
and ne)ct lower adjacent ham
bands.
An * means to try the next
higher band. (1) means an
opening may be rare, but
possible on "good" days(G).
When 20/40m or 40/80m are
indicated, both bands are
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86 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
Never Say Die
successes — and your failures.
The only way we're ever going to
ctean up our bartds is witl^ ytXir help.
Perhaps you noticed that when
you use my call you're going to be
nice, not mean. We have more
meanness than we need on our
bands right now, so kill these rot-
ten scoundrels with niceness.
These guys are experts at getting
your goat. You'll absolutely ruin
their day if you are unflappable.
This shouldn't stop you from pit-
lying their family and friends, who
have to put up with them during
the few hours a day when they are
not spoiling our bands tor us.
Plane. Part It
If you find It heavy going when
you try to inject some intelligence
lure instruments used to beat
*■ rotten QRMors" into either com-
pliance or silent keys) will not
change your firm principles.
Would you like lo ready drive
some thoroughly rutted hams ab-
solutely crazy? Have you ever
tried /7of giving them a numbered |
signal report? You see, there's
iNs column in their log for a signal
report. ''Armchair copy" or
"YouV© coming in pretty good" |
isn't there. They need a number.
IVe had some hams plead, re-
duced lo tears, for their signal re-
port.
YouVe never seen a tougher
sonofagun than me. I leN "em^ if
they absolutely must put a signaf
report in their log* why go ahead
and make one up. No. they've got
to hear it from me, otherwise
it's cheating. I smfle a wicked,
''Hunting jammers is real fun.
IVii give your club some first rate di-
rection finding experience.
ft
into your contacts* I have a short-
cut for you, Mark you. this is prob-
ably going to be one of the most
difficult things you Ve ever done in
amateur radio— worse even than
thai stupid 1920's code require-
ment which drove you bananas
when you decided to get your
ticket,
Tm asking you right here and
now to take a pledge — lo sign an
oath^ — make a pact with me. I want
you to go to your hamshack right
now, draw a tine under the last
contact in your log and write this:
'*l hereby swear Ihat never
again, as long as I live, will I ever
divulge over the air the manufac-
turer, model number or any other
information about any equipment
I'm presently using, plan lo use in
the future or have used in the past
Further, that includes every as-
pect of my antenna system, home-
made or bought. I also agree that I
will not, under any circumstances*
discuss today's weather, either
here or anywhere else in the
world, in anything less than a de-
clared national emergency/' Now
sign that pledge and start your
first day as an evangelical spread-
er of the gospel of Better Ham-
ming. If anyone pressures you to
break your pledged word, just tell
^em youVe signed the "W2NSD
pledge" and that wild horses,
Wouff Hongs or even Reltysnitch-
es (infamous old ham ARRL tor-
fiendish smile as I taunt them al-
most beyond endurance. Nothing
will force me to give them that
treasured number. Yes. I realize
that I may occasionally push some
Extra Class hams over the edge.
They deserve it,
I had a letter from an W4*s XYL
saying her husband has been un-
able to make another contact. The
unfilled box in his log had brought
him to a sudden halt in his ham-
ming, so he'd started helping her
with the housework and please,
please send him his report so she
could get him back into the
hamshack and out from under
foot.
Figuring that Td done hamdom
a big favor and that il was better
for his wife to suffer than hun-
dreds of hams. I refused. I knew
Td get no thanks from any of you
for this public service, but it was
still worth it.
So go you forth and do likewise.
Don't expect any thanks. All youll
gel for your trouble Is abuse, but
when you finally win that last big
honor, your ARRL Silent Ke^
Award (many hams are dying to
get it), then's when you'll get your
reward. If Vm not there already,
have patience. Til be along and
pin an ectoplasmic medal on your
sheet. Then we'll go down on
20m, call CQDX, sign very rare
calls with weak signals and not
come back to the DXers.
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The 1990 Cant>ook Supplement will be pub-
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INTERNA TIONAL
\
Notes from FN42
Ifs that time of year again when
w& in the Nofthem Hemisphere
start thinking of snow, ice, and
winter sports, and those of you in
the Southern Hemisphere think of
warm weather, sunshine, and
summer f think of the very nice
summer we have had in New
Hampshire and of ait the ham ac-
tivitiBS that t have been involved
in. And now, as (reffecton the end
of summer (this was written in
September), ! wonder how many
others around this tmautifut Earth
of ours have enjoyed theirs as
much as t have mine.
But there have been many
tragedies as weiL Even though
the airpiane is stiff the safest
means oftravet, the number of air*
craft accidents appear to be
higher this year. Is this because
there actuaffyare more accidents,
or because of an increased
I awareness presented by the news
) media throughout the wortd? Are
there more riots and related
deaths or just increased world-
wide news releases?
is communications important?
You beti Whether it is from the
ne¥irs media presenting reports of
I wortdv^de Significance, sateftites
providing up-to-the-minute pic*
tures of hurricanes, typhoons, or
other weather phenomena, the
current cellular telephone craze,
or just talking with a friend on the
telephone or radio, communica-
tions is a very important part of our
fives.
Hams have !>ecome more and
I more involved ^ Even the news me-
dia understand the importance of
amateur radio communications.
in the United States the Federal
CommuniCBtions Commission
has been asked to altow the news
media to use ham radio operators
to gather and send information of
a commercial nature in times of
emergency.
How many times have hams
provided health and welfare com-
munications after hurricanes,
earthquakes, and other trage-
dies? Thousands, at least,
I think it's wonderful to have a
hobby that provides so much en-
joyment and at the same time pro-
vides a much needed service to
the world. Keep up the good work,
enjoy yourselves, and do great
things!
Happy Holidays, and may the
edited by a a C.
beginning of your new year bring
prosperity artdjoy,
ROUNDUP
Brazil SERRA DOCACHIMBO,
Brazil (AP)— Plane crash sur-
vivors who were stranded In the
Ama2on jungle for nearly two days
said the pilot asked for their for-
giveness and wished them luck as
Uieir jet crashed into dense vege-
tation eartier this year*
"We were ready (o die, but the
hand of God guided our descent,"
passenger Epaminondas de
Sousa Chaves. 36, said after Air
Force helicopters airlifted 41 sur-
vivors out of the jungle.
The Varfg Airlines Boeing 737-
200 crashed on a Sunday night,
killing at least 10 of the 54 people
aboard.
The Air Force found the plane
Tuesday night after four survivors
walked through the jungle and
contacted authorities by ham
radio.
[/ wonder how much farther the
survivors would have had to walk
to get to another form of communi-
cation, and how many others
might have died before help ar*
hved.—CCC]
Next ITU Pfenipotentfary
Conference in Japan
Japan From the JARL News. At
the Plenipotentiary Conference of
the International Telecommunica-
tion Union (ITU) held in Nice,
France, from May 23 to June 30
this year, it was approved that the
next plenipotentiary conference,
in 1994. will be held in Tokyo, at
the Science and Technology Half
at Kitanomaru Park. This approval
will be officially confirmed at the
ITU's Board Meeting in 1991 .
The most important conference
of the ITU will be held for the very
first time in the Asia and Oceania
area.
Since this is a good opporlunity
for radio amateurs to have their
problems understood by VIPs and
leading members of worldwide
electronic and communication cir-
cles, JARL and ail others will work
toward making all necessary
preparations for a successful con-
ference.
Gallium Arsenide
Solar Cell for JA5-1b
JARL has decided to use gallium
arsenide solar celts for JAS-lb,
the second Japanese amateur
satellite to be launched in Febru-
ary 1990. The solar cells were re-
cently delivered from Mitsubishi
Electric Co., Ltd.
Compared to silicon solar ceils,
ttiey are nearly forty percent more
efficient in power generation. Pro-
duction cost is two to three times
higher than for silicon solar cells,
but because of its greater efficien-
cy, the gallium arsenide solar cell
was developed and used in
Japanese communication satel-
lite CS'-S. already launched by the
National Space Development
Agency of Japan (NASDA).
JAS-1 b uses al>oui 1 ,300 celte
of two different sizes, 1x2 and 2x2
sq. cm. They are expected to gen-
erate 11 watts, which is 4.5 watts
more than the power for FUJL al-
though the satellite itself has been
enlarged a little bit.
[ The JARL also sent a list of Chi-
nese Amateur Radio Stations with
■n^i
ii-
Calendar for December
1 — Anniversary Day, Portugal; National Day. Central African
Republic (5th for Thailand. 17th for Bhutan)
2^National Holiday, Laos, United Arab Emirates
5 — ^Oiscovery Day, Haiti; Nicholas Eve. Netherlands
6— Independence Day. Finland {7th for Ivory Coast, 9th for
Tanzania, 11 Ih for Upper Volta, t2lh for Kenya, 16th
for Bahrain)
10— Human Rights Day. Equatorial New Guinea (others)
13— Republic Day. Malta (leth for Niger)
1 5— Statue Day, Nethertands; Bill of Rights Day. USA
16— Victory Day, Bangladesh (23rd for Egypt)
24 — Heiligabend, Germany
2&— Chrfsimas Day in many countries
^6 — Boxing Day. Canada, Great Britain; Day After Chnstmas
(Lendemain de Noel) (Werhnachlslag) (Dia de Aguinaldos)
27^ — Constitution Day. North Korea
2fi— King^s Birthday. Nepal
30 — Anniversary Day, K^adagascai ; Rizal Day, Philippines
OSL information. Look for it on the
73 BBS (1-603-525-4438).
—CCC]
Uthuanta Seeles
lARU Membership
Lithuania. News release from
Ed Shakalis, KAlQOF. On June
12, 1989 at ARRL headquarters in
Newington, Connecticut, a dele-
gation from the ^'Worldwide
Lithuanian Amateur Radio Net"
met with Mr. Naoki Akiyama,
Assistant to the Secretary for
lARU (The International Radro
Union), to discuss the LIETUVOS
RADIJO MEGEJU DRAUGUA
(Lithuanian Amateur Radio Soci-
ety) application for membership
to lARU.
The Lithuanian group included
Messrs. Sakalas Uzdavinys
UP2BO from Vilnius, Lithuania,
Flavius Jankauskas K3JA, Bro-
nius Uzdavinys KBIPI, and from
the USA, Ed Shakalis KAlQOF.
Mr. Akiyama explained in detail
the necessary steps to become a
member of the lARU. The Lithua-
nians thanked Mr, Akiyama for his
consideration and help in this
manner.
Sakalas UP2BO, a radio ham
for 41 years, said that an applica-
tion for membership to the lARU
would be initiated by 'The Lithua-
nian Amateur Radio Society*'
upon his return to Lithuania, He
also said that they are working to
get back their original call prefix
**LY" which they were allowed to
use for only one month earlier this
year and one month last year.
lEd Shakalis KA J QOF, W John
Alden Road. Plymouth, MA
02360]
Netherlands. From the Radio
Netherlands Programme Informa^
tion Release (Aug-Nov 1989). For
those of you who wish to receive
this programme release in elec-
tronic form, dial your international
access code, then 31 354 5395 to
reach our IBM host computer in
The Netherlands. It will work at
300/1200/2400 baud. We use the
standard &-N-1 format, and both
CCITT and Bell tones. Material is
distributed in North America by
ANARC on 913 345 1978 (the
board recently moved to Kansas)
or Pineland NJ on 609 859 1910.
In Brftain you can now call the
Merkinstead bulletin board in
Manchester, The number is 44 61
434 7059. Look for Radio Nether^
lands material in the '*Hilversum-
mary Room.*' If you run a comput-
er bulletin board and would like an
electronic feed of this news,
please get in touch. Electronic
versions of this news release are
73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989 89
updated,
A new series of QSL cards has
been issued by Radio NetJier-
(ends to celebrate 25 years of the
European Space Agency ESA.
The lechnical centre for ESA Is
located in Noofdwijk, on the Dutch
North Sea Coast. Correct recep-
tion reports will get one of these
new cards. The series is limited,
available while stocks last.
Since September 5th, Radto
Netherlands has been available in
the United States through the C-
SPAN "Flagship" audio channel
After initial experiments, the ser-
vice is now being offered to cable
companies across the US. If your
cable company offers C-SPAN
television , call your local cable op-
erator and ask about Ihe availabili-
ty of the audio service. At present
C-SPAfsi is picking Radio Nethef-
fandsoff the air using professional
equipment. , .if you can hear this
service, tell us whether a studio
feed by satellite would improve
your listening enjoyment.
\Ken suffered a medical set-
back at the end of t938, hut is
recovering well He shed many
msponsibHitios, but wiU continue
as WtA Awards Manager, 73
Hambassador, and, of course,
contesting, — CCC ]
AUSTRALIA
Ken Goth VK3AJU
38A Lansdowne Road
SL Kitda, Vic. $183
Australia
Ken reports thai he received
news about Juty 10 that he had
won the VK HF Contest Champi-
onship for 1988. This is kind of a
penlathalon minus one event,
based on placiogs in their four an-
nual HF contests.
The four contests are the John
Moyte (emphasis on portable/field
ops); Ihe Novice (scores are load-
ed for low powered and club sta-
tions; separate sections for
Novice and Full Calls), the Re-
membrance Day Contest (a sheer
numbers game, involving VK. ZL,
and P29 to commemorate ops
killed in World War II): and finally
the VK/ZL/0 Contest.
The reward is a small cup— a
replica of a larger permanent tro-
phy which remains with the WIA
with the names of winners over
the years inscribed on it.
The meeting of the Wl A Federal
Executive in June resulted in
plans for a new edition of the VK
callbook, a recruitment drive, SOth
anniversary celebrations, and a li-
aison with the federal govern-
ment. Defeated was a move for a
fairly substantial hike in WIA
membership fees.
ISRAEL
Ron Gang 4X1 MK
Kibbutz Urim
Negev f^^P.O. 85530
tsraet
Crusader
Fortresses Operation
For 100 hours, four stations Op*
erated concurrently (some of
them mullkig at): 4Z1A from the
Crusader ruins in the Ashkelon
National Park; 4Z2B at the recon-
structed Belvoir fortress overlook*
fng the southern Sea of Galilee
and Jordan River; 4Z3C in the ru-
ined Crusader port and strong-
h<^d of Caesarea on Ihe northern
coast of the Mediterranean; and
4Z5V at Yehiam tn the Galilee, the
site of the Judyn Crusader fort.
55,000 contacts were made by the
stations, operating around the
clock under exceedingly good
t^nd conditions at this sunspot
cycle high.
A very handsome award is
available to those contacting all
tour stations. All one has to do is to
send a written request for the
certificate along with an excerpt
from your log showing the details
of the QSOs with each of the four
stations, and a handling charge
of either 7 IRCs or $5.00 US (do
not send checks) to: Crusader
Award. Israel Amaieur Radio
Club. ROB 4099, 61040 Tel-Aviv,
Israel.
QSL cards are being sent for
each contact made through the
OSL bureaus around the world, so
every contact will be confirmed.
The organizers of the event re-
quest that hams do not send OSLs
and postage-accompanied re-
quests for direct replies, since
with the great volume of contacts
these special requests cannot be
acco m mod ated .
Unofficial Report
from Hungary
Ahron 4X1 AT has just returned
from a motor trip through Europe,
and has interesting news. Al-
though Israel does not have a re-
ciprocal licensing agreement with
Hungary, and to the best of our
knowledge not many countries
do, he was granted permission to
operate his mobile statron there!
He returns home with the as yet
unofficial good tidings I hat radio
hams from around the world,
bringing with them a letter from
their national radio society attest-
ing to their being an amateur of
good standing^ along with a copy
of their license, will t>e allowed to
operate there. Ahron says that he
was received most cordially at Ihe
border, and the officials did not
even beat an eyelash at the sight
of his whip antenna on the car and
radio gear. Apparently, the same
warm welcome mat is put oul to
radio amateurs visiting Hungary
from all over the world.
Vm sorry to say that the atrave
information is sketchy, and hope-
fully someone from the Hungarian
Amateur Radio Federation will be
able to supply 73 Internationat
with the complete details.
From Ahron: ''Hungary is a
beautify] country to visit, and dur-
ing July. I worked 0N6UG/HA on
AMSAT OSCAR 13. Freddie was
operating from a campground 45
kilometers west of Budapest, and
his 2 meter, 70 and 22 centimeter
antefuna was a homemade ten-
foot dish, putting excellent signals
into the salellite. if this Eastern
Bloc country will allow foreign na-
tionals to operate such suspj-
cious-looking gear on their territO"
ry. it would definitely point to the
dawning of a new age of enlight-
enment with the relaxing of inter-
national tensions."
In Hungary there are two li-
cense classes — the HA prefix with
full privileges on ail Ihe bands,
and the HG prefix, apparently re-
stricted to VHF and UHF opera-
tion. Ahron says that the responsi-
bility for amateur licensing is
apparently now in the hands of the
newly reorganized Hungarian
Amateur Radio Federation, and
not the government. Anybody out
there who can set the record
straight?
The 1989 Annual
Membership Assembly
In late May, in accordance with
the lARC bylaws, the club mem-
bers were assembled to express
themselves and elect a new slate
of officers for a year*s term. As
always, a major motive lor the
hundreds of hams from around
the country to come Is the social
aspect — to meet face to face the
physical entities from whom the
voices, and the words on the
packet-fed computer screens,
emanate.
The place — a Targe auditorium
in the Tel Aviv University, home of
the world-renowned 4X6TU bea-
con on t4.100 MHz- Shiomo
4X6LM was elected to chair the
meeting. He invited Yankele
4X4 AH, lARC president, to the
podium for his words of greeting
to all. and praise of I ARC achieve*
ments in the past year. Israel
Biber 4X1 OR. speaking on behalf
of the Communications Ministry;
praised the participatbn of the ra-
dio amateurs in the Israeli aid mis-
sion to earthquake-stfiken Arme-
nia, Israel told us that a new
syllabus for the Grade "A" license
exams had been approved and
thai a reciprocal licensing agree-
ment had been signed between
Denmark and Israel,
Awards: Jim 4X1 RU was ac-
claimed outstanding amateur of
the year for his operation of his
packet BBS/Gateway station that
serves as an important junction on
the crossroads of Europe. Asia
and Africa, with hundreds of mes-
sages being cleared through his
station.
Hardy 4X6VH was named for
his work as an instructor at
4X4HF, the Bet f^iller Radio Club
in Haifa, and his handling of the
huge volume of OSL cards for the
I ARC QSL bureau. Avner 4X1 GE
was cited for his excellent series
of technical articles in HaGat,
the lARC magazine, articles
which no amateur radio publica-
tion in the world would be
ashamed to print.
Ralph 4X1IF's outstanding ac-
complishments in moonbounce
were awarded, and Shoshanaand
Ahron. 4X60L and 4X1 AT, were
granted the recognition due them
for theif successes in bringing
scores of people to earning their
amaieur radio licenses.
Ahron 4X1 AT, stepping down
as lARC general secretary, re-
called the Passover operation
putting four stations on the air
from Crusader forts for 100 hours,
and said thai work continues in
getting Israel into the European
Common License Group. Yossi
4X6KJ said that in the past year
membership services gfeatly ex-
panded. Michael 4X6PZ, who was
the lARC liaison person with the
Communications Ministry, report-
ed that no more repeaters were
being authorised on the 70 cm
UHF band, as this slice of spec-
trum was indispensible to other
services. Authorization of auto-
patches on the repeaters still re-
mains a problem, but on Ihe
brighter side the Grade ''A" syl-
labus he had initiated had been
I
90 73 Amateur Radio • IJecember, 1989
Photo A Peter Strauss ZSBET.
tARU Liaison Officer, SARL and
73 Hambassador.
authorized, and he had worked
with the "Open University" on a
course to prepare hopefuls for the
Grade "B" examinations. Kuti
4X60 M, treasurer, gave the finan-
cial report, and Aharon 4X6SF re-
ported on (he year's special
events. Moshe Laufman. lARC
spokesman, said thai Israel Tele-
vision would be producing a docu-
mentary on amateur radio,
After the intermission for re-
freshments and general ragchew-
ing, the meeting reconvened with
the traditional open forum for
lARC members lo express their
ideas and opinions. Then the seri-
ous business of electing a new ex-
ecutive, formed by 4XH0, 4Z4's
BQ, PE and ZB, 4X6's KJ, OM,
PZ, SF and YA. Comptroller com-
mittee is 4X1 FU, 4X4ND artd
4Z4JT, and membership commit-
tee is 4X6LD. 4X6AS and 4X4 ML,
4X6KJ's proposal for constitution-
aj reform was passed to a legal
committee that will present an
amendment for next year's gener-
al assembly to vote on.
lARC New Executtve
Goes to Work
On the 9th of July the outgoing
and incoming executives got to-
gether to hand over portfolios, and
these are the new officers' posi-
tions: 4X6KJ, general secretary;
4X6PZ, second in charge and li-
aison to Communications Min-
istry: 4X6YA, secretary: 4Z4BQ,
assistant secretary; 4X6SF and
4Z4ZB, special events; 4Z4PE, re-
peaters; and 4X110. packet and
digipeater coordinator.
4X1FU— DXerof Distinction
Yitzhak Halfon 4X1 FU has
served and continues to serve
with the lARC incoming OSL bu-
reau, and his DX bufletrns are
available on the packet network.
Now the news comes to us that
Yitzhak has made the Five Band
DXCC, and is also on the DXCC
Honor Roll, Hat's ot# for your par-
sistence> that has paid off in these
marks of dislinctiooJ
Rishon Hams Meet Weekly
Joining the tradition of weekly
get-togethers of radio amateurs in
the Jarger urban centers, the
hams of Rishon LeTzion now
meet Friday afternoons at a side-
walk cafe at the Rishon Mall. Re-
cently, the mayor passed by the
17 hams sitting there, struck up a
conversation, and ended up invit-
ing them al) to his home!
{How often has that happened
to any of you?]
Dayton in Israel?
Israel's first real hamfest was
held on the 18th of October in Na-
tanya. a good place convenient
for most amateurs. Organizers of
this event were 4X6TQ. 4X1 KT
and4X6KR
{This was written if] September.
Hopefully it went well —CCC\
Dataspace 1989
Representing Israeli hams at
Dataspace 1969 at the University
of Surrey in EngJand from July 27
through 31 were ShIomo 4X1AS
and Yalr 4X4GL Yair wrote a com-
prehensive article explaining the
intricacies of AMSAT Phase III in
the lARC publication seven years
ago, and in 1984-5 gave a fort*
nightly series of lectures for ama*
teurs on amateur satellites* in
what was then the AMSAT-fsrael
chapter. Many of us who have since
gone into this most exciting mode
of communications will be waiting
for their report of the conference.
SOUTH AFRICA
Peter Strauss ZSBET
P.O. 80x35461
Northern 2115
South Africa
Peter reports through a note
from SARL Headquarters that ex-
tracts of the SARL HO bulletin will
be airmailed to many publica-
tions. Local news items will be
deleted. Should you require such
news on magnetic media (IBM
360kB 48 TPJ PC/XT) or via pack-
et (your national licence cond^
tions permitting), please advise
the SARL lARU desk.
At present, co-ordinators for
German, Portuguese, Scandina-
vian. French, Dutch, Spanish, Ital-
ian and Arabic languages have
teen or will be appointed.
The South African Radio
League actively promotes the Is-
sue of temporary Ifcences for for-
eign radio amateurs intending to
visit the Republic of South Africa
and the general liberafisation of
licencing of visiting foreign radio
amateurs worldwide. Since 1981
the licence authonty in Pretoria is*
sues short-term licences to appli*
cants for a nominal fee of only
Rand 12 (approx. US $5) for a
three-month period. Amateurs
from countries whose administra-
tions conclude a bilateral agree-
ment with South Africa receive
such permit free of charge. Guest
licences may be Issued to appli-
cants from any country, and have
indeed been issued to visitors
from many countries already.
If the administration in your
country issues a guest licence on-
ly based on bilateral agreements,
and no agreement as yet has been
concluded with the administration
in the Repubfic of South Afnca,
you are cordially invited to contact
the SARL HO to discuss prelimi*
naries lo such an agreement.
The administration of the Re-
public of South Africa has con*
eluded bilatehal agreements with
the following list of countries: Bo
phuthatswana, Botswana, Chile,
CfsNei, German Federal Rep. (in-
cluding West Berlin), Great
Brtiafn, Israel Portugal South
West Africa/Namibia, Swaziland,
Switzerland, Transkei, Venda,
United States of America, and
Zimbabwe.
Foreign amateurs should, how-
ever, note that the South African
licence authority will consider ap-
plications for a short-term permit
from any amateur in any country
holding a CEPT Class 1 or CEPT
Class 2 compatible licence. Ama-
teurs holding only a Novice grade
licence may not be issued with a
short-term permit, as there is no
compatible licence grade avail-
able in South Africa.
New address for the SARL is:
South African Radio League
Headquaners. PO Box 2327, Jo-
hannesburg 2000, South Africa.
Tel: (01 1)484-2830.
V^H V^
f DX
Photo 8. WSA West Siberia Award from the West Siberia DX Ctub, sent by UA9MA.
73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989 91
Numbef 31 on yoyr Feedback card
1989 Annual Index
Subject/Article*
Description/Column Author
Issue Page Subject/Article'
Descripilon^Column Author
(ssue Page
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Subject/Article*
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Oescription/Columri Author
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Oh^Dstfro, TroubJesHooilrif . Repair (corrt'd}
RF crfcuitry iroubleslhoohng
RF feedbaclc
schemalics ....
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Digital Dreams
FCC packet regutalior^s .
Getting High an Pachel . .
HF Padid TLtning Aid
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KAyRTTV
My SX-&1 Runs Digicom!
Packei A Hh-TecA MCKtia^fics
Padtet BBS
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Packil Rackei Lip Ztppef
PCSS
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Sw ^o 73 intemstxinal m esLh issue.
Gtfi#ral JMcftsI
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t9B3 Holiday Wish List
bandwidlh^ ORM
Dayton HamveniJoo
Dock^ 85-22
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26
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JUL
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KAiBYl
JUL
54
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oonslnjcriiori
WaS7nP.KG50A
MAY
29
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WSaELK .
JUL
44
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overview
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,53
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. Part 1
G3RUH
MAY , .
, , . 20
weather saSS
ATV relays
. . waaoco
MAR
76
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Pan W
. Q3RUH
.JUN
se
addiliofi. addresses
SEP
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' Acrual nt4es or artii:les Of colymns ate cap^fMztKl.
I
Ke yword index
Number 32 on jfouf Fe<?dback card
DECEMBER 1989 Issue #351
t€i metar lapri Hlhites
7
EMmoQ Electroncs
25
Lithuania
1W4001
54
fj^Ff-e pmUem
S3
Ljyt324i350opamp
220MHI
7.60
GaAs fioHaf ceils
m
lova
2 mater motolle . .
22
QarreM lEU, Irtc.
12
Mar&iiall Indystries
40873 MOSfET
.. 54
Grov«En(erprlaes ......
26
Meattowlal^a Corporalion
40m*Eeriranamitter
32
HeaihHW&meds
65
microwave osdlfat^r
Bmeiefs
50
Hot Water H^dbook .
ss
Mini Circuits Lab
TOcmbdnd
4S
Hungary
90
MpragaDlSampfaher
MMOaHOfimidB . .
.73
lARC..
90
MifiQif knc ..... —
iMnrieutty
96
Cmamrfacrnnng
72
moUiiifiinSm
AMSAT-OSCAR-ta
SB
ItJCNii Afiifnca. IflCw
29
UodiAF^iOni
MenrttPra-ltf^oviCi
Mnni AT-BI^QRD; AT-3»IPAC
7
en
hDomlOMT
lcoraK>2SAT
9
ModteZROiesa
53
29
mom Stfanspondet
WiHiiiit HMI0FH bop .
50
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SO
N5UU,AianXFm
AOriST
38
»G0mK>745
70
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"Anas" Radio
7
Israel
90
Nvtmrlands
Augac/Alcoswnch
12
Japan
m
NswafK EledFonics
AusifBJia
90
JAS-lb
89
pacNet
AX,2S
47
KSMHJimMorrLssatt
06
PL-25B connector
Brazil
B9
KAlTGAJimBad
17
propagafior
Bf'eariblojt .
25
KA 111 KM, Linda l^oneau
17
QRPAQidO
twidiiosciJtalDrs
KA8HML, Thomas tWarfel
Kafxioni Mcro Ke^ uptfali .
9
JP M
Radio Kit
26
64
CSMApiMiM
47
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2, m 29. 72
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54
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50
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54
KT2B,PMifUiisi
45
f^lQiU
89
R36BncN»de
54
HTTYonKAII
%
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!2
SBL-1 DBM
12
Spgnatics NE602
66
Small Parts Center
54
South Africa
45
SSTV
4S
SSTV puMcaDCHifl. rwis
SO
jHikJilioai
24
TOW
5«
TLC1079C
56
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21
WlXy.JnnGriy
22
WASZIB.AfidyWicAlilar
89
WA0TF,Bif»tstema*
22
yVBIE.K€nnyACtialfin
47
WB20SZ.JohoW Langnef
50
WBSJGP.C.L Houghlon
86
waeRQN, Bnaii Lloyd
32
W6SVGE, Mike Brycc
54
WBWRLLanyR ArttOitul!
32
YaiiuFr^ll
54
YaisuR^TO
50
VaesuFT-620
47
Yaesiin^'OBOA
24
YvftjUSA
7
70
24
54
54
54
91
3S
42
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47
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32
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W 73 Amateur Radio • December, 19S9
Nyniber 32 on your Feedback card
ARTER'N'BUY
OSLs TO OFIDER. Variety Df styles.
cok>rs. card stock, W4BP0 OSLs, PO
Drawer DX, Cordova SO 29039
6ISfB260
THE OXERS Af4GAZ/W£ Up-to-daie.
in forma hve, interesting. Compiled and
edited by Gus Browning W4BPD. DX-
CC Honof Roll Certificate 2-4. Send
for free sample and subscription infor-
mation loday. PO Drawer DX. Cordova
SC 29039 BNBaei
AZOEN SERVICE by former factory
technician. Fast turnaroynd. PCS-3tX]
N^Cads $36.95. Southern Technalo-
gies Amateur Radio. Inc„ 10715 SW
190 St. #9, Miami FL 33157, (305) 23e-
3327. BNB262
QSL CARDS- Look good wilh top quali-
ty pnnDng. Choose standard designs
orfuify customjzed cards. Better cards
mean more returns to you. Free
brochure, samples. Stamps appreciat-
ed. Chester QSLs. Dept A, 310 CofT»-
mercial. Empona KS 66801 . BNfl434
SUPERFAST MORSE CODE 5U-
PEREASY, SubHminai cassette. SIO.
LEARN MORSE CODE IN 1 HOUR.
Amazing new sypereasy technique.
SiO Both Si 7 Moneyback guarantee ^
Free catalog: SASE, Bahr. Dept 73-3.
1 196 Cilrus. Paimbay FL 32905.
BN8531
SB-220/221 OWNERS: 17 detailed
mods which include 160-6 meter oper-
ation. QSK, + enhanced p.s. 50% re-
bate for new mods submitted! 9 pages
Of 3-5002 tech tnfo, $11 postpaid,—
Info, SASE. BOB KOZLAREK
WA2SQQ, 69 Memorial Place, Elm*
wood Park NJ 07407. BNB581
ELECTRONIC KITS & ASSEMBUES.
For our latest catalog ^ SAS€ (45c) to:
A&A Engineering. 2621 W. LaPafma,
m, Anaheim GA 92301 . BNS624
HT-CLONE BATTERIES: ICOM: BP5
$42.95, BP-3S (23CBP3 Wall Chg)
$42.95. YAESU: FNB2 $21.95.
FNB10S^/FNB12 $45.50. SANTEC:
142/442/1200 S22.95, 'RESUrLDiNQ:
SEND-UR PACK" Icom BP3S20. BP5
$28. BP7/e $34, BP70 $35. Yaesu
I FNB9 $19 FNB10 $24 FNB4MA $37.
Kenwood PB21 $18, PB25/H/26 $25.
"U-OO-IT REPAIR INSERTS" ICOM:
BP3 $16,95. BP5 $22-95. BP7/8
$28-95. KENWOOD: PB21 $12:95.
PB24/25/26 $19.95. TEMPO: SI-15/
series $22.95 YAESU; FNB9 $14,95.
FNB10 $18.95. FNB4MA $32,95, AZ-
OEN 300 $19-95. PORTA-PAC W/
CHGR l2V5AHf $49.95. 1400LT Pacit
(25'3520/No-Piug) $54.95 "TELE-
PHONE / PAGER & COMMERCIAL
PACKS" "FREE CATALOG." $3 ship-
p<ng/ordef. PA -6%. VJSA-M/C -^$2.
(814) 623^7000, CUNARD ASSOCI-
ATES, Dept. 7, R.D. 6 Box 104, Bed-
ford PA 15522. eNB628
ROSS^ SSSS USED December SPE-
CIALS: KENWOOD PS-50 Si 79.90,
MC-80 S59-90, TH-4SAT S249.90, MS-
1 $28.95. IF10B $47.90. ICOM U4AT
$209.90, IC-3AT $179.90, 1C-251A
$369.90, BC-50U $59. 90, YAESU FT-
7eOR $399.90, FT-IOIE S399 90, FT-
730R/YM50 S229 90. FRA'7700
$39.90, COLLINS 75-S1 $175.90,
32S1 $249.90, 516-F2 $199 90. AC-
3805 $200.00 LOOKING FOR SOME-
THING NOT LISTED?? CALL OR
WRITE. WE HAVE OVER 220 USED
ITEMS in stack. MENTJQN AD.
PRICES CASH. FOB PRESTON,
HOURS TUESDAY^FRIDAY 9:00 TO
6:00, 9:00-2:00 P.M. MONDAYS.
CLOSED SATURDAY & SUNDAY.
ROSS DISTRIBUTING COMPANY, 78
SOUTH STATE, PRESTON ID 93263.
(208) 852-0830. BNB654
WRITTEN EXAMS SUPEREASY.
Memory aids from psychologist/engi-
neer cut studytime 50% , Novice, Tecli,
Gen: $7 each. Advanced, Extra: $12
each. Morteyback guarantee. Bahr»
Depl 73-3, 1196 Citrus, Paimbay FL
32905. 6NB69t
RDSS^ SSSS NEW HARD TO FIND
SPECIALS: KENWOOD KPS'21
$99.90. VFO'700S S149.90. TR.8400
S379.99, TR-3600A $283.99, HMC-1
$46/90. TEN'TEC 222 S29.90.
252MOE $129,90, ICOM IC^70l
$589.90. IC-38AAWHM-14 $328.99, IC-
490A $549.90, IC-471A $639.99, EX-
108 $109.90, EX-107 $55.90, YAESU
FP-4 $39.90, FSP-1 $17.90 FT'YM-33
$49.99 , QTR24 $25.55. YR-901
$549.99, AMP SUPPLY LK550-NTC
SI 999.90, LK450-ZC $899.90, ROBOT
450C $664.99, 800CH $59999. 800H
$329.99, AEA PK-64A/HFM $149.99,
MP-20 $69.99. MP'64 $99.99, PM-I
$139.90. ALL LXD. {LIMfTED TIME
OFFER) LOOKING FOR SOMETHING
NOT LISTED?? CALL OR WRITE.
Over 9004 ham -related items in stock
for immediate shipment. Mention ad.
Prices cash. F.OB PRESTON,
HOURS TUESDAY-FRIDAY 9:00 TO
6:00. 9:00-2:00 P.M. MONDAYS.
CLOSED SATURDAY & SUNDAY,
ROSS DISTRIBUTING COMPANY, 78
SOUTH STATE. PRESTON ID 83263.
{206) 852-OB30. BNB709
$50 PACKET D(GrCOM> 64— soft-
ware based PACKET for the Com-
modore B4. Software is public domain
and requires a rrTodem for the C-64
which is provided by our kit. Board
plugs directly into cassette port or re-
mote mounted via cable, both oonnec-
tors included. Power dertved from
computer. Uses 7910 chip— no alfgn-
ment required. Switch allows HF or
VHF operation. Order Kit #154 for
$49.95 or Assembly #154 for $79.95.
boih include FREE DISK, Add $2.50
s/h. A a A Engineering, 2521 W. LaPal-
ma, #K, Anaheim CA 92801 . (714) 952-
211 4, MC or VISA ac^pled. BNB732
HAM TRADER YELLOW SHEETS. In
our 28th year. Buy, Swap, Sell ham
radio gear. Published twice a month.
Ads quickly circulate, no long wart for
resufts. Send business size SASE for
sample copy. $15 for one year (24 is-
sues). P.O.B. 2057. Glen Ellyn IL
60138-2057 or P.O.B. 15142, Seattle
WA 98115. BNB741
SSSSS SUPER SAVINGS $S$$S on
electronic parts, components, sup^
plies, and computer accessories. Send
one dollar for l -year subscription to our
40-page catalogs and their supple-
ments. Gel ofi our mailing tist. BCD
ELECTRO, PO B03( 450207, Garland
TX 75045 or caJI {214) 343-1 770,
&NB749
HAM RADIO REPAIR alt makes, mod-
els. Experienced, reliable service.
Robert Hall Eleclronies, Box 280363.
San Francisco CA 94128^363, (408}
72^^^8200. BNB751
WANTED: Ham Equipment and other
property. The Radio Club of Junior
High School 22 NYC, Inc. , is a nonprof-
it organization, granted 5014C)(3)
status by the IRS. incorporated with
the goaf of using the theme of ham
radio to further and enhance Ihe edu-
cation of young people nationwide.
Your property donation or financial
support would be greatly appreciated
and acknowledged with a receipt for
your tax deductible contribution. All of
the ''22 Crew" want to wish our friends
and supporters worldwide the very
best holiday season ever. "Education
Thru Communication"' celebrates its
tenth anniversary thanks to you.
Please write us at: PO Box 1052, New
York NY 10002. Round the dock Hot-
line: (516) 674-4072, BNB762
INDIVIDUAL PHOTOFACT FOLD-
ERS. ^AQ to #1400. $4,00. #1401 Up.
$6.00. Sam's books, $7.00. Postpaid.
Atlen Loeb, 414 Chestnut Lane, Easi
Meadow NY 1 1554. BNB766
AVANTEK ATF10135 $12.00.
MMIC's. PC. board, SASE: WA31AC.
7148 Montague Sr, Philadelphia PA
19135, BNB771
HAMLOG COMPUTER PROGRAM
FuH features. 17 modules, Auto*logs.
7-band WAS/DXCC. Apple $19.95.
IBM, CP/M, KAYPRO. TANDY, CR8
$24.95. 73.KA1AWH, PB 2015, Pea-
body MA 01960. BNB775
ARCO GENESFS G-100 5 watt photo-
voltaic panel $79. 95. Sovonics P-201,
new design 24 watts $179.95 I ship.
Mike Bryce, 2225 Mayflower NW. Mas-
sillon OH 44647. BNB812
1050-^ DX AWARDS, 103 countries
detailed in KlBV's Directory. $15.65.
Ted Melinosky, 525 Foster St., South
Windsor CT 06074-2936. BNBS35
100 QSL CARDS S9t Shipping includ-
ed. Free samples. Shell Printing.
KD9KW, PO Box 50A, Rockton IL
61072. BNB859
WIRE ANTENNAS and accessories,
antennas from SIO, coffee cups, call-
sign plaques. SASE for list. WSEV
Products. 205 W. First St., Arcanum
OH 45304. BNB865
CURRY COMMUNICATIONS proudly
introduces a complete line of easy to
buiid kits fgr L.F. and 1750 meters.
Please write for brochure. Curry Com-
munications. 852 North Lima Street,
Burbank CA 91 505. BNB874
RIT KITS for most transceivers, $15.
Includes shipping. Loren Wallen
KA7A2M. 6323 S.W. 100th. Tacoma
WA 98499. BNBSSS
LOW COST HAM GEAR. SASE for
free list. WA4DS0. 3037 Audrey Dr..
Gastonia NC 28054 . B N BS90
r
Bafter 'N' Buy advenising must pertain to ham radio prcMJucts or services.
nindividual (noncommercial} > SOc per word
DCommercial $1 ,50 per word
Prepayment required. Count oniy the words in the text. Your address is
free, 73 cannot verify advertising claims and cannot bB held responsible
Ibr daims made by the advertiser Liability wlH be limited to making any
necessary corrections in the next available issue. Please prim cfearty or
type (double-spaced).
1
I
No discounts or commissions are available Copy must be received in [
Petertjorough by the first of the second month preceding the cover date.
Make checks payable to 73 Magazine and send to; Donna DiRusso. Barter |
'N' Buy, Sox 278. Forest Road, Hancock, NH 03449,
73 Amateur Radfo • December, 1989 95
SURPLUS CATALOG. 72 page^. S2 HAM-SWL-SCANNER BOOKS. Cata-
Surplus, FO Ba)c 276. Alburg VT log $1. Tiare. PO Box 493/S. Lake
0&440. BNeaSI Geneva Wl 53147, BNBaie
Numbef 33 on your Feedback cmd
BIRD ELEMENTS, WATTMETERS.
DUMMY LOAOS-'Buy and Sell. (609)
227-5269. Eagle, 100 Deafborne Ave.
Blackwood HJ 08012. BNBa94
WANTED: All types of Elect rop Tubes.
Call toll free 1 (800} 421-9397 or 1
(612) 429-9397. C & N Electronics,
Harold Bramsiedt. 6104 Egg Lake
Road, Hugo MN 55036. BNB900
CAD/CAM PHOTOPLOTTING
tor any RS-274 Gerber Photo Ptol
file produced from your PC Cad pro*
grain, S" x 10* N&galive or Positive
Photoplots start at $15. Call for details.
KENPRO CIRCUIT SYSTEMS. FEN-
TON MO. \ (600) 325-3678/1 (31 4J
343-1630 in MO. BNB902
OSLs k RUBBER STAMPS-TOP
QUALITY! States. World Maps. USA.
Key. Shuttle, Globe QSLs Report
Form Rubber SI amps, Morel Samples
$1 .00 (Refundable With Order .) Ebbert
Graphics D-7. Box 70, Wests rvilte OH
43081 . BNB903
DIGITAL AUTOMATIC DISPLAYS.
Be specific, 45c S.A.S-E. GRAND
SYSTEMS. Dept. A, PO Box 3377.
Blaine WA 98230. BNB90B
HAM-SOFT— Publtc Domain Soft-
ware For Amateur Radio Hundreds of
titles, lowest prices, satisfaction guar-
anteed! IBM. C'64, MAC. VGA Graph-
res^ more. Calatog $1 00 relunded iksi
order HAMSOFT, PO Box 2525, Mor-
gan City LA 70381. 0NB9O9
HAM SOFTWARE t8M/Compaiib(es
10 disks S26.95, MCA/ISA/Dtscovflf.
N5ABV EAPCO/7, PO Box 14. Keller
TX 7624S-O014. (817) 498-4242, I
(600)869-7208. BNB911
ELECTRON TUBES: All types & sizes.
Transmiltingp Receiving, Mi-
crowave Large inventory = same
day shipping Ask about our 3-500Z
special. Daily Electronics. PO Box
5029. Compton CA 90224 (800) 346-
6667. BNB913
ICOM, KENWOOD & YAESU OWN-
ERS: I reformative sepamie Newslet-
ters lOtb year USA Bulk ($10.50) F.C.
($12.50) Canada (S1300) Elsewhere
($14 00&S18 00) Free Catalog Send
(4Sc) SASE International Radio &
Computers. InCn 751 South Macedo
Blvd., Port St. Lucie FL 34983. 1-407-
679-6868. BNB9t4
WAf^TED RF JAMMING: Knowledge
and or equipment. Also highty sensi*
tive hearing devices^ medical or survel-
liance Eugene DelL 3D0 Bent wood
Ave,, Johnstown PA 15904 BNB91 5
COMMODORE 64 HAM PRO-
GRAMS—16 disk sides over 200 Ham
programs $16.95 25c stamp gets un-
usual software catalog of Utilities.
Games. Adult artd British Disks Home^
Spun Software, Box 1064-BB. Eslero
FL 33928. BNS917
AMIGA. MACINTOSH, & ATARI XL/
XE/ST Amateur Radio software We
have several public domain disks avail-
able for trade or S4.(X) each Send busi-
ness size SASE specifying computer
for list Write WA4EFH. PO Box 1646,
Orange Park FL 32067-1646,
BNB918
MACINTOSH HAM SOFTWAflE-DX
HELPER 'gives you bea/ing. distance,
gray line map, custom Great Circle
maps, MUF, call sign identifier, CW
code practice, beam heading charts,
much morel See 73 October '89^ p. 59.
$39 95 Ppd Track the MicroSats with
SATELLITE HELPER". Polar. Great
Ctrcte, Rectangular graphics, view
from space, az. el. aft. rarvge. doppter,
elc. Sun and Moon, tool Rotor conirol
with Mirage/KLM fnierface. See Au-
gust '88 OST p 87 $59.95 Ppd Pro
version $99.95. SASE or call for more
info. MacTraksrgetr Software. PO Bojc
1590. Port Orchard WA 9S366 (206)
871-1700. BNB9li
BETTER THAN BDOKS-EAStER
THAN A COMPUTER. Quick, Easy
and Simple— a complete line of carry
along Study Cards covering Novice
through Extra. All Questions— an-
swers— and pictures rtghi at your fin-
gertips on file cards. Divided into kngi-
cat segrrvents. these study c^rds were
developed after a need arose for a bet-
ter method of studying for the wntten
exams. Question and correct answer
appear on one side (with Key Words
underlined in both Question & An-
swer) The other side coniains the
question with the four multiple cfioice
answers as a cor^venient Qu^z Recom-
mended and used by Amateur Clubs
for upgrades and to aid XYLs and chil-
dren just getting started Info on Re-
Quest (rom VIS PO Box 16646, Matties^
burg MS 39402. BNB920
DOSSAT SATELLITE TRACKING
SOFTWARE Tabular and EGA For-
mat. IBM^PC compatible $30, PO Box
37, Redmond WA 98073-0037.
eNS921
WANTED: OST S for 1916 and 1917.
R. Arrowrsmith, W4JNN. 3505 Wood-
burn Rd , Annandale VA 22003. (703)
560-7161. 8NB922
de K6MH
Amateur, from Latin amare,
to kjve. One who engages
in activity for the beauty of il,
Amateurity
Tm wary of the word "ama-
teurish." It's a put-down I dis-
like, as if ^ "amateur" means "im-
mature'' and where if s really at
is to be "professional.'' The
word "professional" has been
given lots of moxie compared to
"amateur" and L question this.
An amateur is a person v/ho
does something for the love of ri,
for the intrinsic value of it, the
adventure, the discovery, the
h0(3e of presenting something
new or uselul to others. Ama-
teurs are not motivated primarily
by the desire to serve their fellow
beings, but it often turns out that
way. Why? Because something
done for the beauty of it makes
good waves.
What bothers me is all the ef-
forts going on in the wortd that
are not amateurish, but what we
might call "professionalish.''
Professionalism dates back to
the oldest profession (remem-
bdr that one?), and pros have
been with us ever since. *
Think it over. Where have the
great advances come Irom? Am-
ateurs, And who is busy at Vt^ork
destroying the ptanet. from the
rape of the rain forests to the
pollution of air. water, and soil?
Professionals, people who are
over employed doing somethmg
they don't like, don't feel really
good about, because they think
they must.
It's been said. The world is for
(overs, fs it so? Lovetess. non-
amateur acts are about to do us
in. Maybe we should look agam
to the beauty of what we do*
rather than to the means of
exploiting it for the almighty
buck. I say we need more ama-
teurs. . .and more amateurity
among the professionals.
By definition, children are am-
ateurs, amateurs who society
makes every effort to profes-
sionalize^ We may need more
unconverted amateurs, children
allowed to grow up foflowing
their curiosity, being ^'a light un-
to themselves/" rather than be-
ing '^whipped into shape."
The word amateurity has en-
trenched itself in my vocabulary
It's yours to use it you like. To
me it means real maturity, a love
of action for its own sake not on*
ly in youth but in the full-grown
human who has not lost this
love, this amateur spirit, or has
tost it for a time, but thank God,
regained it.
WW in
Hams are famous for commg
through in emergencies. What
we fail to realize is that we are
embroiled right now in the great-
est emergency mankind has ev-
er known: wholesale extinction
of species, destruction of the
subtle web of support from
plankton through myriads of flo^
ra and fauna all the way up to us
'higher types/' an interdepen-
dent design that works well only
when none of the parts are miss-
ing
World War Ml is already
happening. It's a war worth
fighting, a global war against
ignore-ance, a war that none of
us can escape.
From lesser emergencies in
the past we have learned this:
Without communication we are
lost. . . . de K6MH
*rve t^eafil since thai the Dtde&l profes^^on
IS shamanisfn , bull couldn't lesisi I he di^
How About , • -
. . An Instantaneous Direction Finder for transmitter hunting? One
that uses a phased array switched electronically, to give a reading in
less than a second, with no physical rotation needed?
. . -A unisex word for "he/she/' "him/her?"
, , , Educational amatsur radio, a way to participate in tifatong (earn-
ing for young and old, shut-ins and travelers^ via 2m repeater nets'?
. . . Sharing who's behind the WiEardof-Oz cabinet, instead of cata-
loging what the cabinet consists of <rig. antenna, etc,)?
, . .More ideas from you, the reader, for future "How About's/'
96 73 Amateur Radio • December, 1989
Compare ... Ours & Theirs
Choosing the radio that's right for you can be
pretty confusing* Thatis why we decided to make
it as simple as possible for you to see how these
Yaesu hand-helds stack up against the competi-
tion. No boasts, no sales pitches^ just a factual
side-by side comparison of '*ours*' versus "theirs"
Because Yaesu quality speaks for itself*
17210 Edwards Road Cernios, CA 9G701 (800) 999-2070
© llIHe Viitsiu USA,
2 METKR HANDHELD
SPKClFICATiONS
YAESU
Fl^ll/ftll
MXMI
IC-2SAT/IC4SAT
TH215/TH415
Mernorj' Chan m- Is
49
48
10
VFOs
• ^
1
Memory Channtvls Sum
Any Offset
49
10
10
Wide Receiver Pr^uencv Ran^e
utf^ns
ltJ8-i74
141-16^
Wide Receiver fVequenCT Range
(MfU) f HF
4H(»4nO
440-450
4aS450
Buili-m aCSS Enoode/Decmle
IndKled
Option
EncixJe Only
Memory DTMF AutiKiiiiler
to
None
None
CTTSS Paging
V^
Option
Pn^amniable Battery Saver
v^
•^
V^
Biicklit LCD Dbplay
v^
^
1^
Back-lit DTMF Ktnpad
v^
—
APO, Auicjmatit; Power Off
v^
y^
—
I MHz I'p/Dnwn Stepping
y^
^
v^
Vinyl Ca.S€
\^.
Option
Option
Scan For CTC^S Tbnn
—
Built In \m
v^
—
—
Clock
—
V^
Odd Split. Any Tx Or lix Frequency
In Any Memory Channel
49
10
I
Suggested Retail Price
$406.00*
S439.95*
$;i49.%»
DUAL BAND HANDHELD
SPECIFKATIONS
YAESU
n470
ICOM
IC4I2AT
KENWOOD
TH75A
Memory <Jhajinels
4a
20
20
VFOs Per Bai^d
f*
1
1
Wide Receiver Frequency Range
(MHz)-VHF
130^180
I»IT4
140-1&4
Wide Retteiver Frequency Range
(MHz)-lHF
430-1 5U
440-450
43&'450
Built-in cress Encode/Demde
Included
Option
Encode Only
Memory DTMFAut{Kiialer
10
Vone
None
Dual Receive With Balanct* Control
^^
v^
CTC^S Paging
v^
y^
Cross Band Full Duplex
v^
V^
v^
Programmable Battery Saver
y^
•^
%^
Barklit U'D Display
v^
^
v^
Bauklil DTMF Keypad
v^
—
Alternating Band Scan
fc^
V^
v^
Crotai Band Repeater
v^
—
Ptwer Ontpnt on 2 Meter m4 440
2.3W
5.0W
1.SW
APO. Aulomatie P^w^erOff
\^
•^
1 ViW'i I p/Dtwn Stepping
^
^
^
Memory Channels Store
Any Offset
M
20
m
Vinyl Case
V^
Option
Optjim
Odd Split, Tx Or Rx, Any Frequeiu'y
In Any Memory Channel
42
20
2
Suggest*Hi Retail Price
s'jTs.no
?H:i!) m
S549.U0
631A
144/450 and 144/220 MHz
FM Dual Banders
• Extended mcefver range
u, (136 OCX) - 173,995 MHz) on 2 m; 70
^ cm coverage is 438.000 - 449.995
|MHz; 1-1/4 m coverage is 215 -
229 995 MHz (Specifications guar-
anteed on Amateur bands only Two
^ meter transmit range is 144 - 148
MHz. Modifiable for MARS/CAR
Permits required.) ^[{^
• Separate frequency dM|ray for
"main' and -«ub-bamJrf||^ ^
•Versatile scanning functions. g
Dual scan, and carrier and time *
operated scan stop.
jj30 memory channels. _^^^
, Stores everything you need to make
operating easier. Two channels for
*odd splits:
• SO Watts on 2 m, 35 watts on 70 cm
25 watts on M/4 m, ^«»-^ ^
App^ox. 5 watts low power.
•Auloma4.v ^set selection.
• Dual antenna ports.
• Automatic Band Change (A.B.C)
Automatically changes between
main and sub-band when a signal
Is present
• Dual watch function allows VHF
and UHF receive simultaneously.
• CTCSS encode/decode selectable
from front panet or UP/DWN keys
on microphone.
{Encode built-in, optional
TSU-6 needed for decode.)
• Balance control and separate
squelch controls for each band.
Full duplex operation. \
•Dimmer switch.
• 16 key DTMF/contfol mlc.
included,
• Fj^ency (dis|) lock. y
Optfonal Accessories:
• PG-4H Extra interface cable
for IF-20 (for three to four radios)
• PG-4J Extension cable kit for \
IF20 DC and audio PS'430
Power supply * TSU-6 CTCSS
decode unit • SWT-1 2 m antenna
tuner SWT-2 70 cm antenna tuner
• SP-41 Compact mobile speaker
• SP-50B Deluxe mobile speaker
• PG'2N DC cable ^ PG-3B DC line
poise filter * MC-60A, MC-BO, MC-85
Base station mics. - MA-7ao Dual
b^nd 2 m/70 cm mobile antenna
lount not supplied) MB-11 Mobile
uracket - MC-43S UP/DWN hand mic
• MC-48B 16-key DTMF hand mia
KENWOOD USA CORPORATION
GOMMyNtCATlONS & TEST EQUIPMENT G80UP
RO, BOX 22745. 2201 E. Domingyez Sireet
Long Beach, CA 90801-5745 &^^
KENWOOD ELECTRONICS CANAD^wfr
RQ BOX 1075, 959 Gana Court
Mississauga. Ontario, Cansds UT 4C?
SPB
, . , pacBsetter in Ama tear Radio
*^*.
^m ^-
^ t*..
>^«*
*Ci»::V^'
■*^ *f^Tf ^k'^PZ^
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