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I 


b.4  t 


i 


CELTIC    REMAINS. 


LEWIS   MOEEIS. 


iawbMui'umMW>wn^ 


SiinUti  (m  t!)(  eambrian  ^xctixalosUviX  a«wtiatton. 


LONDON : 
J.   PAFIKEB,   37?,  STRAND. 


XDCCCLXXTIII. 


LOXDOV : 
T.   XICHAED0,  37,   OHKAT  HVILUS   HiTBXXT,  W.C. 


•   •  •  •     • 
-  •  -     •  « 


iiK' 


.  1  •  r. 


PREFACE 


After  the  lapse  of  upwards  of  a  century  after  his 
death,  the  principal  literary  lahour  which  occupied  the 
greater  part  of  the  lifetime  of  Lewis  Morris  is  now  for 
the  first  time  made  public.  With  the  exception  of  a 
few  pages,  by  way  of  specimen,  appended  to  a  short 
account  of  the  work  and  its  author,  which  appeared  in 
the  ArchcBologia  Cambrensis  for  1 8  72,  no  portion  of  the 
Celtic  ReTiiains  is  known  to  have  been  printed,  though 
not  unfrequently  referred  to,  and  often  eulogised,  by 
some  of  our  antiquarian  writers  of  a  past  generation. 

The  MS.  from  which  the  edition  is  taken  (which  may 
be  called  the  Fenmaen  MS.)  is  not  an  autograph,  but  a 
copy,  which  is  stated  to  have  been  "  transcribed  from 
the  original  MSS.  by  me  Richard  Morris,  son  of  the 
author's  Brother,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1778",  and 
which  bears  the  following  lengthy  title  : 

"Celtic  Remains  ;  or  the  Ancient  Celtic  Empire  de- 
scribed in  the  English  Tongue.  Being  a  Biographical, 
Critical,  Historical,  Etymological,  Chronological,  and 
Geographical  Collection  of  Celtic  Materials  towards  a 
British  History  of  Ancient  Times.    In  two  Parts.    The 


M.  ^^*s  ,Vt».>^      ^^*^     n  T^     ^"5^     ^^^'  the 


M, 


« 

( 


PREFACE,  5 

well  knowD^  occurred  in  1765.  If  then,  as  here  stated, 
the  compilation  was  completed  in  1757,  and  forty  years 
were  spent  upon  it,  he  must  have  commenced  collect* 
ing  his  materials  while  he  waa  only  a  youth  of  sixteen. 

The  second  part  referred  to  in  the  title,  the  Editor 
has  never  had  an  opportunity  of  consulting ;  but  the 
original  MS.  is  said  to  be  preserved  in  the  Gymmrod* 
orion  collection  in  the  British  Museum ;  and  in  the 
same  depository  will  be  found  the  Introdiiction,  which 
does  not  occur  in  the  Penmaen  MS.,  and  which  is  here 
printed  from  a  copy  obligingly  lent  for  the  purpose 
by  the  Eev.  Robert  Jones,  Vicar  of  All  Saints,  Rother* 
hithe. 

The  nephew's  transcript,  which  is  carefully  and  legibly 
written,  was  apparently  made  for  the  patriotic  Owen 
Jones  {Owain  Myfyr\  from  whom  it  passed,  by  pur- 
chase, to  the  late  Rev.  Walter  Davies  (GwaUterMechain), 
who  at  one  time  intended  to  publish  it  with  large  addi- 
tions and  corrections.  This  intention,  however,  was 
never  realised ;  but  the  MS.  has  here  and  there  some 
notes  by  him,  as  well  as  a  few  by  his  contemporary, 
lolo  Morganwg,  through  whose  hands  it  appears  to 
have  passed.  Coming  from  such  men,  these  notes,  few 
and  brief  as  they  are,  it  was  thought  desirable  to  re- 
tain; and  to  distinguish  them  from  the  original  matter 
they  are  inserted  between  square  brackets,  with  the 
initials  of  their  respective  writers  ( W.  D.^l.  M.)  attached 
to  them.  In  a  very  few  instances  the  Editor  supplied  in 
a  similar  way  an  occasional  blank  left  in  the  copy,  or 


6  PREFACE. 

corrected  an  obvious  literal  error ;  while  in  some  cases 
the  sequence  of  the  articles  has  been  departed  from 
in  order  to  make  the  alphabetical  arrangement  more 
complete. 

The  author  generally  refers  to  Welsh  writers,  espe- 
cially in  the  quotations  from  the  bards,  by  the  initials 
of  their  names,  after  the  fashion  adopted  by  Dr.  Davies 
in  his  Grammar  and  Dictionary.  Most  of  these  names 
have  been  printed  m  full,  or  sufficiently  full,  to  obviate 
the  inconvenience  of  referring  to  the  explanatory  lists 
in  the  now  scarce  volumes  of  that  eminent  scholar. 
On  the  contrary,  the  terms  nomen  loci,  nomen  proprium 
viH,  nomen  proprium  femincB,  and  the  like,  which  in 
the  original  are  sometimes  written  in  full,  and  some- 
times more  or  less  contractedly,  will  almost  uniformly 
be  found  here  represented  by  n.  Z.,  n.  pr.  v.,  and  n. 
pr.  f.  The  initials  J.  D.,  which  frequently  occur  after 
place-names,  appear  to  denote  John  Davies,  the  author 
of  Display  of  Herauldry  (1716).  A  few  of  the  contrac- 
tions met  with  in  the  MS.  the  Editor  was  not  able  to 
decipher,  as  the  author  nowhere  explains  any  of  his 
abbreviations. 

With  these  exceptions,  and  the  omission  of  a  sen- 
tence or  two  in  one  of  the  articles,  the  MS.  has  been 
followed  with  fidelity,  no  attempt  having  been  made  to 
revise  either  the  language  or  the  matter.  Any  attempt 
of  the  kind  would  have  marred  the  character  of  the 
work,  and  have  amounted  to  not  much  less  than  writ- 
ing the  whole  anew.     The  work  should  in  all  respects 


PREFACE,  7 

be  considered  in  the  light  of  the  period  in  which  it  was 
written,  when  archeeology  was  little  understood,  com- 
parative philology  unborn,  and  guesswork  the  order  of 
the  day. 

It  only  remains  for  me  to  tender  my  sincere  thanks 
to  Miss  Davies  of  Penmaen  Dyfi,  Merioneth,  the 
worthy  daughter  of  Gwallter  Mechain,  by  whose  kind- 
ness in  allowing  me  for  several  years  the  constant  use 
of  the  MS.  which  once  belonged  to  her  distinguished 
father,  the  Cambrian  Archaeological  Association  has  been 
enabled  to  present  the  public  with  the  Celtic  Remains 
of  Lewis  Morris. 

D.  Silvan  Evans. 


LUuiwrin  Rectory^  Machynlleth  : 
Awjwft  1,  1878. 


INTRODUCTION. 


80ME  THOUGHTS  ON  THE  ANCIENT  HISTORY  OF 
BRITAIN,  AND  ON  THE  MATERIALS  REQUISITE  TO 
COMPOSE  SUCH  A  HISTORY,  WITH  AN  ENQUIRY 
WHETHER  THE  COLLECTION  NOW  BEFORE  US  IS 
NOT  THE  RIGHT  METHOD  TO  BE  PURSUED  IN 
PROVIDING  SUCH  MATERIALS. 


CHAP.  L 
Of  thb  HECESsnr  of  haying  the  true  Aim  real  names  of  persons 

AND  PLAGES  RECORDED  IN   HISTORY;  IF  OTHERWISE,  THB   8T0RT  IS 
FALSE. 

All  men  who  have  the  use  of  letters  and  of  their 
reason  know  that  in  reading  of  history,  or  an  account  of 
any  transactions  ancient  or  modem,  unless  they  have 
the  true  names  of  the  persons  acting,  and  the  places 
where  they  acted,  it  is  no  account  at  all,  and  is  but  like 
an  apothecary  that  gives  you  Ipecacuanha  in  the  room 
of  Jallap.  Is  not  this  exactly  the  case  of  an  historian 
who  gives  you  WaJganus  instead  of  Gwalchmai,  Breigh- 
mons  instead  of  Eryri-mons,  Rududibras  for  Rhun 
Baladr  Bras,  Halterenes  for  AUt  yr  Ynys,  Kentigern 
for  Cyndeym  Garthwys,  Gannoc  for  Dyganwy,  Dam- 
nonium  for  Dyfnaint,  Nuevin  for  Aneurin,  etc.,  etc.  ?  Is 
there  anybody  then  that  takes  a  pleasure  in  reading 
the  actions  of  his  ancestors,  or  the  ancient  inhabitants 
of  Britain  and  Gaul,  in  the  ancient  books  that  treat  of 

h 


VI  INTRODUCTION. 

Britain,  but  what  would  willingly  have  the  real  and 
true  names  of  the  people  and  places  that  he  reads  of  ? 
The  occasion  of  the  errors  of  authors  in  this  respect 
being  either  their  want  of  knowledge  in  the  Celtic 
tongue,  or  owing  to  the  ignorance  of  transcribers,  or  to 
the  publishers  of  ancient  manuscripts  in  printing,  or 
else  to  that  vicious  custom  of  modelling  or  Latinizing 
Celtic  names,  whereas  the  names  of  men  and  places  in 
all  nations  should  be  transmitted  as  they  are  used  in 
the  language  that  imposed  them. 

It  vexes  me  to  see  the  renowned  King  of  the  Britains, 
Caswallon,  nicknamed  in  Caesar's  Commentaries  Cassi- 
vellaunus  ;  and  several  of  the  like,  as  Cynfelyn,  Cuno- 
belinus.  To  see  Cynog  Las  in  that  patched  piece  of 
Gildas  called  Cunoglassus ;  and  Esgolaind,  LanioFvlvCj 
a  yellow  butcher — ^a  plain  mark  of  forgery ;  and  in  the 
same  author,  Maelgwn  Gwynedd  transmographied  into 
Maglo  Cunus.  I  am  sorry  to  see  the  lands  oi  Gwyr 
and  Cydwelif  in  Glamorganshire,  transformed  in  dif- 
ferent corrupt  copies  of  Nennius  to  Ghiiher  cet  Gwely, 
Guher  tee  Guili,  Guir  Gecgadi,  Guircat  Guel%  and 
Guhir  cet  gwely. 

I  pity  the  fate  of  poor  Silius,  who  Galfirid  in  his 
Latin  translation  of  the  British  History  hath  nick- 
named Silvius,  whereas  the  British  Silius,  as  it  is  in 
the  British  MSS.,  should  have  been  Latinized  JuUus. 

The  inhabitants  of  Ireland  are  under  no  obligations 
to  Ptolomy  or  his  transcriber  for  calling  their  Island 
loveppt^  instead  of  lovepBtvi^,  or,  as  the  Britains  wrote  it, 

Y  WerddynySy  i.e.,  the  Green  Island ;  and  at  this  day, 

Y  Werddon. 

The  ancient  city  of  Derwennydd,  on  the  river  Der- 
wennydd,  hath  with  several  others  undergone  the  same 


INTRODUCTION.  Vll 

fate  in  Antoninus's  Itinerary ^  where  it  is  called  Der- 
ventio. 

I  shall  now  pass  over  Bede,  Math.  Paris,  Westmin- 
ster, William  of  Neuburg,  and  all  the  Saxon  and 
English  authors  that  succeeded  them,  being  all  swarm- 
ing with  errors  where  they  have  touched  any  British 
names  of  men  and  places,  which  are  rectified  in  the  fol- 
lowing treatise. 


CHAP.  n. 

That  the  iNHABrrAiiTS  of  Britain  and  its  islands  are  a  hixtube  of 

CELT£,  TEUTONS,  AND  ROMANS,  AND  HOW  THET  BECAME  SO  ;  AND  THAT 
MOST  OF  THE  ENGLISH  HATE  ANCIENT  BRITISH  BLOOD  IN  THEIR 
TEINS. 

In  the  light  that  I  look  on  the  inhabitants  of  Britain 
and  its  islands,  after  I  have  closely  considered  the 
several  conquests  of  these  islands  and  the  languages  of 
the  conquerors,  I  dare  affirm  there  are  few  among  them 
but  what  have  a  mixture  of  ancient  British  blood  in 
them,  and  that  therefore  this  performance  has  a  claim 
to  the  attention  of  all  the  people  of  Britain  and  its 
islands  in  general,  of  what  language  soever  they  are. 

Men  reckon  it  always  a  glorious  and  an  honourable 
thing  to  be  of  the  race  of  the  first  possessors  and  main- 
tainors of  a  country,  who  valiantly  fought  in  defence 
of  their  rights  and  liberties,  and  for  their  wives  and 
children,  and  successors  in  that  country;  i.e.,  pro  aris 
and  focis. 

As  far  as  our  histories  and  traditions  reach,  we  find 
firom  age  to  age  some  new  colonies  brought  to  these 
islands  from  the  Continent ;  and  it  could  not  be  other- 
wise, for  an  itch  of  dominion  and  conquest  has  possessed 


^  ■  • 


Vin  INTRODUCTION. 

men  in  all  ages.  But  aa  these  colonies,  whether  Gaula^ 
Teutons,  Greeks,  Phoenicians,  Romans,  Norwegians, 
Saxons,  Danes,  Normans,  &c.,  or  whatever  other  people 
settled  and  governed  here  for  a  while,  after  leaving 
behind  them  a  few  marks  of  their  languages  and  cus- 
toms, they  were  swallowed  up  in  the  great  body  of  the 
nation,  which  were  always  infinitely  predominant  in 
number  to  that  handful  of  armed  men  that  conquered 
them.  Thus  the  river  Thames  takes  in  a  vast  number 
of  brooks,  and  yet  is  called  the  Thames.  Thus,  for 
instance,  the  Romans,  who  governed  in  Britain  for  above 
400  years,  have  left  but  very  few  tracks  of  their  lan- 
guage behind  them,  which  shows  the  ancient  natives 
to  be  the  body  of  the  people  to  this  day.  Nobody  can 
be  so  dull  as  to  imagine  when  the  Britains,  on  the 
decline  of  the  Roman  empire,  threw  off  the  Roman 
yoke,  that  they  turned  out  or  destroyed  all  the  Roman 
people  then  in  the  island.  It  was  never  done  by  any 
nation  in  the  like  case ;  and  it  is  certain  that  many 
hundred  Roman  families  who  had  incorporated  them- 
selves  with  the  Britains,  and  went  by  the  name  of 
Roman  Britains,  remain  in  Lloegr  (now  that  part  of 
Britain  called  England),  and  their  posterity  are  there  to 
this  day  mixed  with  the  Saxons  and  Britains,  as  well  as 
some  of  their  language,  which  must,  of  course,  stick  to 
them  and  their  neighbours. 

North  Britain  and  Wales  and  Cornwall  were  less 
mixed  with  Romans ;  and  Ireland  and  the  small  islands 
very  little,  but  still  a  little.  For,  as  the  ingenious 
Sir  Thos.  Brown  observes,  the  Romans  holding  a  stand- 
ing militia  in  all  countries,  as  in  Britain,  Egypt,  Arme- 
nia, Spain,  Illyria,  &c.,  had  mixed  the  languages  of  all 
nations. 


INTRODUCTION.  ix 

The  country  now  called  England  having  been  above 
400  years  in  the  hands  of  the  Romans,  the  inhabitants 
of  that  country  must  needs  have  been  after  this  a 
mixture  of  Britains  and  Romans,  who  called  themselves 
civilised  Britains,  and  their  neighbours  barbarians. 
Britain  and  its  islands  was  then  and  before  an  empire 
of  free  princeSy  and  the  Romans  either  were  not  able  to 
conquer  them  all,  or  else  in  policy  left  some  of  them  to 
their  ancient  customs,  to  be  a  curb  one  to  another. 
There  was  once  a  prince  in  Dyfiiaint  (Cornwall  and 
Devon)  that  wore  a  coronet  or  diadem,  another  in  Gwent 
(Monmouthshire),  another  in  Dyved  (Pembrokeshire), 
another  in  Powys,  another  in  Gwynedd  (North  Wales), 
others  in  North  Britain  and  the  islands.  But  the  chief 
King,  that  wore  the  crown  of  gold,  and  was  supreme 
over  the  rest  in  the  time  of  the  Britains  and  Romans, 
was  the  King  oiLhegr  (England);  and  his  title,  in  the 
British  tongue,  was  Brenhyn,  q.  d.  Y  Breiniol  hynaf ; 
literally  in  English,  the  privileged  elder.  It  is  now 
wrote  Brenhiuy  and  signifies  king  or  supreme  ruler,  as 
it  did  then,  and  the  poet  knew  its  etymology  : 

Ceinllun  ieccaf  Brenhin  hynaf  j  Brenbinedd. 

How  idle  then  is  the  derivation  of  Brennus  from  hrenin 
in  Camden,  when  this  etymology  gives  such  a  plain 
account  of  it.  The  Romans  under  the  Emperors  Con- 
stantino, Maximus,  &c.,  having  drained  that  part  of 
Britain  called  Lloegr  of  its  warriors  and  youth,  that  fine 
country,  destitute  of  men  in  arms,  fell  a  prey  to  the 
neighbouring  princes. 

The  Northern  Britains,  among  whom  were  the  Picts 
incorporated  (people  always  in  arms  against  the  Roman 
province  here),  clapped  their  paws  on  the  country  now 


X  INTRODUCTION. 

called  North  of  England,  then  called  Deifr  a  Brynaich, 
and  by  the  Romans,  Deira  and  Bemicia,  Gwrtheyrn, 
the  Prince  of  Ghvent  in  Wales,  having  some  claim  by 
blood  to  the  crown  of  Lloegr,  as  descended  from  Eudaf, 
father  of  Helen,  the  wife  of  Maximus,  thought  it  a 
proper  time  to  dethrone  an  Armorican  family  married 
into  a  Roman,  who  had  got  the  Loegrian  dominion  on 
the  death  of  Gratian  Municeps,  which  he  compassed  by 
the  then  usual  arts  in  those  cases,  and  wore  the  crown. 

The  Pictish  Northern  Britains  had  also  a  claim  to 
the  crown,  as  descending  from  Maxen  Wledig,  the.  late 
Emperor.  Any  kind  of  claim  served  where  there  was 
a  superior  force,  and  when  the  Loegrian  kingdom  as 
well  as  all  other  Roman  provinces  was  like  a  shipwreck. 
Gwrtheyrn,  in  this  strait,  had  nothing  to  do  but  to  hire 
the  Saxon  pirates,  who  had  been  long  a  plague  to  the 
Roman  Britains,  and  who  were  well  enough  acquainted 
with  the  coast,  to  defend  him  in  his  empire,  and  to 
quell  the  Northern  Britains,  and  to  keep  off  the  Armo- 
ricans  and  Cornwall  men.  Had  not  this  Welshman  as 
great  a  right  to  keep  the  crown  of  London,  if  he  could, 
as  the  Armoricans  and  other  Britains  had  to  claim  it  ? 
It  was  a  Roman  country  in  effect,  and  had  been  long 
so,  for  which  they  quarrelled,  and  everybody  that  was 
able  did  then  cut  slices  out  of  the  Roman's  loaf. 

Gildas,  who  gives  some  account  of  the  misery  of  the 
Britains  at  this  time,  speaks  feelingly  and  favourably 
of  the  Roman  power,  which  shows  what  party  he  was 
of;  and  this  gives  a  reason  for  his  bitterness  against 
the  other  princes  of  Britain  then  reigning.  And  it  is 
impossible  to  see  the  drift  of  that  author  without  being 
acquainted  with  these  different  interests  as  laid  down 
here,  and  the  different  powers  then  in  Britain. 


INTRODUCTION.  XI 

The  Saxons,  with  whom  joined  all  the  people  of  the 
North,  Jutes,  Angles,  Frisians,  Danes,  Norwegians,  etc., 
heing  then  masters  of  the  sea,  poured  in  so  fast  when 
they  once  got  a  footing  in  the  island,  that  they  grew  too 
hard  for  the  Loegrian  Britains  under  Gwrtheyrn ;  and 
when  they  once  got  a  footing,  settled  themselves  on  the 
searcoast  of  Kent,  Sussex,  etc.,  under  their  different 
princes ;  and  by  degrees  got  to  be  masters  of  all  that 
fine  country  which  had  been  in  the  hands  of  the  Romans, 
but  which  is  now  caUed  England,-a  name  given  it  by 
Egbert,  one  of  their  princes,  who  about  400  years  after 
their  first  settling  in  Britain  conquered  all  the  rest 
of  these  his  feUow  invaders,  and  brought  them  under 
one  head. 

Now  to  come  to  the  point  which  occasioned  me  to 
premise  this  account  of  the  Saxon  conquest.  Can  it  be 
even  supposed  that  the  Saxons  got  this  country  with- 
out fighting  ?  No.  Who  fought  them  on  their  first 
coming  on  the  spot  ?  Who  but  an  army  of  soldiers,  like 
themselves,  raised  among  the  Loegrian  Britains  ?  who 
were  afterwards  dispersed,  and  went  to  seek  for  shelter 
to  the  neighbouring  princes  of  Cornwall,  of  Cymry,  and 
of  Prydyn,  which  last  was  the  name  then  given  by  the 
Britains  to  North  Britain  (now  Scotland). 

The  helpless  inhabitants  of  Loegria,  that  maniu'ed  the 
land,  and  followed  manufactiu*es  of  all  kinds,  and  whole 
cities  of  men  yielded  their  necks  to  the  conqueror's 
yoke  ;  and  this  is  owned  by  Gildas.  But  this  was  to 
those  people  only  a  change  of  masters,  and  (except  their 
religion)  perhaps  for  the  better ;  for  their  late  Roman 
masters  had  left  behind  them  all  their  vices  of  oppress 
sion  and  pride,  so  that  the  British  rulers  deserved  what 
befel  them. 


XU  INTRODUCTION. 

Without  doubt  the  Saxons,  to  settle  themselves,  de- 
stroyed all  the  British  places  of  Christian  worship  wher- 
ever they  came,  being  then  infidels ;  and  in  their  room, 
in  every  city,  put  priests  of  their  own  religion,  as  was 
natural  to  them  ;  and  this  brought  that  glut  of  clergy 
into  Wales  in  that  age,  who  were  founders  of  vast 
numbers  of  Welsh  churches,  and  who  also  set  up  schools 
of  literature,  in  the  nature  of  colleges,  in  divers  places, 
and  by  that  means  kept  learning  and  the  Christian 
religion  in  its  purity  in  Wales  and  Ireland  when  quite 
drove  out  of  England. 

It  is  plain  that  the  Saxons  were  obliged  to  keep  up 
the  same  conquering  army  on  foot  for  the  first  age  after 
their  conquest,  composed  of  their  own  people  from  the 
Continent;  and  they  had  no  time  to  spare  from  fighting, 
either  to  tUl  the  ground  or  to  carry  on  manufactures, 
for  the  islanders  from  the  north,  south,  and  west,  under 
their  brave  princes,  Emrys,  Uthur,  Arthur,  Maelgwn 
Gwynedd,  etc.,  kept  them  in  constant  action  notwith- 
standing all  the  vast  supplies  they  had  from  the  Conti- 
nent. But  as  the  Saxons  had  not  the  sense  to  agree 
among  themselves  to  put  themselves  under  one  general 
head^  they  by  their  private  quarrels  prolonged  the  war 
with  the  natives  of  Cornwall,  Cambria,  and  North 
Britain,  who  held  out  to  dispute  their  title,  and  to  fight 
them  for  some  hundreds  of  years.  The  Britains  running 
into  the  same  madness  with  the  Saxons,  of  falling  out 
among  themselves,  made  them  incapable  of  making  a 
proper  head  against  their  enemies,  and  at  last  could 
barely  keep  their  own,  being  overpowered  by  numbers. 
In  the  first  age  (as  I  said  before)  there  were  but  few 
Saxons  here  that  were  not  warriors,  and  in  constant 
employ.     The  rest  of  the  inhabitants  of  Loegria  were 


•  •• 


INTRODUCTION,  XUl 

Roman  BritainSy  who  remained  in  the  land  with  the 
Saxons'  consent  as  their  subjects,  and  some  of  them  pro- 
bably had  the  liberty  of  exercising  their  own  religion  ; 
so  that  in  the  next  age  it  became  the  interest  of  the 
RoTTMn  Britains  under  the  subjection  of  the  new  con- 
querors  to  fight  for  their  country,  and  so  keep  off  the 
barbarous  Britains,  as  they  called  them,  from  invading 
their  possessions ;  which  had  been  their  game  for  many 
ages  before,  and  indeed  since  the  Boman  conquest  of 
Britain. 

Doth  it  not  plainly  appear  then  that  the  main  body 
of  the  people  of  the  country  now  called  England  are 
chiefly  of  Roman  and  British  extraction,  but  mixed 
with  Saxons;  and  that  the  reason  of  their  faUing  in  with 
the  Saxons  in  their  language,  and  losing  their  own,  was 
their  being  a  mixture  originally  of  the  Belgse  and  some 
other  Northern  Teutons  (witness  Tacitus)  as  well  as  of 
Bomans  and  Celtae,  and  were  the  more  ready  to  receive 
a  language  nearly  allied  to  their  own  dialect  as  the 
Loegrian  British  dialect  was,  which  I  shall  prove  by 
and  by  1 


CHAP.  HI. 

Of  the  different  dialects  of  the  Celtic  tongue  in  Britain  and 

ITS  ISLANDS  at  FIRST ;  AND  OF  THE   MIXTURE  OF  THE   PEOPLE  AFTER 
THEIR  DISPUTES  SUBSIDED,   ON  THE  SAXON  CONQUEST. 

The  clergy  of  Lloegr,  on  the  Saxon  conquest,  and 
some  of  the  laity  that  ran  over  to  Wales,  finding  the 
British  tongue  purer  and  better  kept  there  than  in  the 
Loegrian  province,  fell  in  with  the  dialect  of  that 
country,  and  recovered  their  ancient  language.  But 
those  of  them  that  ran  over  to  Armorica  for  shelter 
from  the  Saxon  fxuy,  found  there,  among  their  own 


XIV  INTRODUCTION. 

countrymen,  the  Loegrian  dialect  in  its  full  perfection  ; 
and  so  it  hath  to  this  day  the  very  marks  of  the  Roman 
language  deeply  grafted  in  it.  For,  from  Lloegr,  the 
Roman  province  in  Britain,  they  had  gone  over  there 
with  their  countryman  Constantine,  the  son  of  Elen  and 
Macsen  Wledig  (Maximus),  and  they  have  retained  the 
Loegrian  dialect  to  this  day,  plainly  distinguishable  from 
the  dialects  of  the  Cawtro-Britains  and  the  Pictish 
Britains,  but  better  agreeing  with  the  Cornish  dialect. 

Every  prince  in  Britain  had  some  marks  of  dialect  to 
distinguish  his  people  by  their  tongues  from  his  neigh- 
bours, though  all  spoke  the  same  language  in  the  main. 
And  even  to  this  day  the  people  of  North  Wales,  on  the 
north  side  of  the  river  Dyviy  may  be  known  by  their 
dialect  from  the  people  of  South  Wales,  on  the  other  side 
of  the  river ;  though  the  reason  of  keeping  up  that  dis- 
tinction has  ceased  these  500  years  ago  ;  and  so  the 
people  of  Gwent  diflfer  from  them,  and  from  the  people 
of  Dyved.  And  this  certainly  accounts  for  the  diflFerent 
dialects  in  the  English  tongue  in  different  parts  of  the 
island  to  this  day,  owing  to  the  ancient  Saxon  Heptarchy, 
where  they  kept  the  same  distinction. 

After  a  struggle  of  about  400  years  between  the 
Saxons  and  Britains,  and  sometimes  between  Saxons 
and  Britains  against  Saxons,  and  sometimes  of  Saxons 
alone  against  Saxons,  and  very  often  of  Britains  against 
Britains,  Egbert,  the  valiant  king  of  the  West  Saxons, 
about  the  year  829,  brought  all  the  Saxon  Heptarchy 
under  one  head,  but  they  did  not  hold  it  long  thus, 
for  about  a  hundred  years  afterwards,  the  people  of  the 
country  called  then  Danemark,  being  masters  of  the 
sea,  and  being  descendants  of  the  ancient  Cimbrians 
of  the  Cimbrick  Chersonese,  who  had  sent  a  colony  of 


nrrKODucTioN.  xv 

Picts  formerly  to  North  Britain,  and  having  also  a  claim 
to  dominion  in  Britain,  as  their  kings  were  descended 
from  Cynfarch,  a  prince  of  North  Britain  about  the 
time  of  the  Saxon  Conquest;  and  seeing  that  the 
Saxons  had  no  greater  right  to  the  country  than  any 
other  neighbour  that  could  win  it  and  keep  it,  they 
plundered  the  coast  of  Britain  and  Ireland,  and  the 
isles,  for  many  years,  and  at  last,  under  Canute,  their 
king,  got  possession  of  the  crown  of  London.  But 
during  the  Danish  dominion  here,  which  was  not  thirty 
years,  the  body  of  the  people  remained  without  any 
great  alteration  in  their  language  or  customs,  there 
being  a  great  affinity  between  the  languages  of  all  those 
northern  people,  the  Danes,  Saxons,  and  all  the  branches 
of  the  Teutonic  or  German  race.  (Insert  Canute's  Grant, 
eta) 

The  Saxons  again  recovering  the  dominion,  the 
Normans  were  the  next  people  that,  about  a  hundred 
years  aflter  the  Danish  conquest,  got  the  dominion  here 
over  the  English,  and  in  effect  demolished  all  the 
English  nobility  through  the  whole  kingdom,  setting 
up  Norman  noblemen  in  their  room.  But  the  main 
body  of  the  people  through  aU  Britain  still  remained 
almost  the  same ;  in  England  a  mixture  of  ancient 
Britains,  Romans,  Saxons,  Danes,  and  Normans ;  in 
Wales  Cambro-Britains  and  some  Irish  (who  settled 
among  them  at  the  time  of  the  general  fusion  on  the 
Saxons'  first  coming,  as  did  also  some  North  Britains) 
and  a  few  Normans  ;  in  North  Britain  ancient  Britains 
mixed  with  Picts  and  some  Irish^  (called  first  by  way 
of  derision,   Scots),   who   settled   themselves  on  the 

^  That  there  we  are  to  look  out  for  the  genuine  remains  of  the 
Saxon  tongue,  and  not  in  England. 


XVI  INTRODUCTION. 

western  skirts  against  Ireland  on  the  same  general  con- 
fusion on  the  Saxons'  first  coming,  with  some  Saxons  in 
what  we  call  now  the  Lowlands  (part  of  the  kingdom  of 
Northumbria),  where  they  in  vast  multitudes  retired  on 
the  coming  of  these  Norman  masters.  In  Cornwall  there 
remained  then  some  ancient  Britains  subject  to  the 
crown  of  London,  who  yet  kept  their  language  till  of 
late  years,  and  some  of  them  can  still  speak  it. 

All  the  people  of  the  north  on  the  Continent  were, 
in  very  early  times,  called  by  the  Britains  by  a  Teutonic 
word  Normyriy  and  their  country  Normandir — i.e.,  the 
Northmen's  lands,  from  which  the  word  Normandy  was 
formed  after  their  settlement  in  Gaul,  by  melting 
the  r. 

These  Normans,  afterwards  inhabitants  of  Normandy, 
in  France,  and  subjects  to  the  Duke  of  Normandy, 
who  held  under  the  crown  of  France  since  their  first 
Duke,  Rollo,  a.d.  912,  came  to  England,  as  aforesaid, 
with  a  claim  to  the  crown  of  London,  which  cannot  be 
properly  called  a  conquest  of  the  EnglisL  The  Norman 
language  was  a  mixture  of  French  and  ancient  Gaulish, 
for  the  Franks,  a  German  people  about  the  river  Rhine, 
on  the  conquest  of  that  country  of  Normandy,  so  called 
from  their  being  Northmen,  about  the  same  time  that 
the  Saxons  settled  in  Britain,  mixed  with  the  old 
Gauls — which  mixture  of  language  was  brought  here 
by  the  Normans  and  grafted  on  the  Saxon.  But  still 
the  Saxon  language  as  to  the  main  body  of  it  kept  its 
ground  here,  especially  in  the  Lowlands  of  Scotland. 
And,  as  it  is  observed  by  a  very  learned  Englishman, 
"From  the  French  (meaning  the  Normans)  we  have 
borrowed  many  substantives  and  adjectives,  and  some 
verbs ;  but  the  great  body  of  numerals,  auxiliaiy  verbs. 


INTRODUCTION.  XVU 

artideSy  pronouns^  adverbs,  oonjunctions,  and  preposi- 
tions, which  are  the  distinguishing  and  lasting  parts  of 
a  language,  remain  with  us  from  the  Saxon.''  (Sir  Tho. 
Brown's  Hydriotaphia,  c.  2.)  Therefore  the  English 
borrowed  with  the  French  a  mixture  of  the  ancient 
Gaulish ;  and  he  might  have  added,  if  he  had  thought 
of  it,  that  a  great  deal  of  the  body  of  the  language  of 
the  Engliah  waB  had  from  Ae  Loegrkn  Britains,  the 
native  people  that  remained  in  the  land  on  the  Saxon 
conquest.  And  by  that  means  abundance  of  words, 
agreeing  with  the  Welsh  and  Xatin,  are  now  found  in 
the  English  tongue,  which  were  naturally  incorporated 
into  the  Saxon  language  on  the  Saxon  conquest  of 
Loegria,  and  not  borrowed  from  the  Welsh  or  Latin 
since. 

Doth  not  everybody  see,  when  he  hath  read  thus  far, 
that  all  the  inhabitants  of  Britain  and  its  islands  are 
only  a  mixture  of  Celtaa,  Teutons,  and  Bomans,  and 
also  of  Greeks,  if  our  ancient  traditions  don't  mistake  ? 

That  the  Celtse  and  Teutons  mixed  here  in  very  early 
times  is  plain,  from  Tacitus,  if  we  had  no  other  autho- 
rity, for  the  Belgic  Gauls  were  originally  Germans. 
But  the  Triades  also  says  it. 


CHAP.  IV. 
That  thb  welsh  ob  ancient  British  tongue  is  the  chief  remains 

OF  the  CELTIC  TONGUE,  PROVED  FROM  A  COMPARISON  BETWEEN  IT 
AND  THB  OTHER  BRANCHES  OF  THE  CELTIC,  TIZ.,  THB  ARMORIC,  THB 
IRISH,  THE  CORNISH,  AND  THE  ERSH  IN  THE  HIGHLANDS  OF  SCOTLAND. 

I  SHALL  not  engage  here  in  the  dispute  whether  Ireland 
received  a  colony  from  Spain  near  its  first  plantation, 
though  I  believe  something  of  that  kind  has  happened, 


XVIll  mTRODUCTION. 

which  hath  made  the  Irish  tongue  diflfer  vastly  from 
the  British. 

As  Ireland  must  have  been,  as  is  most  probable  and 
natural,  originally  peopled  from  North  Britain,  and 
Britain  from  Graul,  the  Irish  and  British  tongues 
would  have  agreed,  excepting  a  variation  of  dialect,  if 
some  strange  powerful  colony,  which  was  neither  Teu- 
tonic nor  Celtic,  had  not  mixed  with  the  Irish,  and 
which  we  find  hath  altered  it  surprisingly,  and  much 
more  than  I  expected  till  I  tried. 

I  find  in  the  Irish  Dictionaij,  on  a  transient  observation 
of  words  which  agree  with  the  Welsh,  and  which  the 
Armoricans  have  not   -  -  •  -       815 

Of  Irish  words  which  agree  with  the  Armoric  and  Welsh       489 

In  all    1304 

These  1,304  words  are,  without  doubt,  the  remains  of 
the  ancient  Celtic  in  the  Irish,  but  all  the  rest  of  the 
language  is  something  dse^  that  has  no  affinity  with  the 
Celtic,  or  very  little  with  any  of  the  modem  languages 
of  Europe. 

Some  few  words  of  the  Teutonic  got  into  it,  I  suppose, 
by  their  intercourse  with  the  Fion  and  Dvbh  Lochlon- 
aich — i.e.,  the  white  and  black  Lochlin  men,  some  of 
the  German  nations  from  the  coast  of  the  Baltic,  who 
found  it  their  profit  to  join  the  Irish,  and  sometimes 
the  Picts  against  the  Roman  Provincial  Britains.  These 
people  the  insular  Britains  in  their  own  language 
called  Llychlynwyr — i.e.,  men  of  the  sea  lake,  Llychlyn 
being  the  name  of  the  Baltic  Sea  in  the  old  Celtic,  from 
llwch,  the  sea,  and  llyn,  a  lake. 

But  if  it  should  be  insisted  on,  that  the  whole  body 
of  the  Irish  language  is  the  ancient  original  Celtic 
tongue  kept  in  Ireland  in  its  purity,  and  that  they  re- 


INTRODUCTION.  XIX 

« 

ceived  no  colony  from  Spain  or  elsewhere  since  they 
were  at  first  planted  there  from  Britain,  but  that  the 
people  of  Great  Britain  have  since  received  many 
colonies  of  Teutons,  Greeks,  and  Phoenicians  among 
them,  and  so  formed  a  new  language,  much  different 
from  the  Irish  or  old  Celtic,  which  carries  with  it  a 
great  probability,  it  would  be  diflScult  to  prove  the 
contrary ;  for  we  have  so  few  words  of  the  ancient 
Gaulish  tongue  remaining,  retained  by  Roman  authors, 
that  we  cannot  de.termine  whether  they  agree  best  with 
the  Irish  or  the  British. 

Yet  this  is  plain,  that  the  present  Cambro-British 
agrees  far  better  with  the  Armoric  British  (which  was 
the  Loegrian  dialect)  than  it  doth  with  the  IrisL  For 
by  comparing  these  languages,  I  find  that  the  Welsh 
and  the  Armoric  lanffuaores  agrree  in  about  1,300  words, 
which  are  not  to  be  found  in  the  Irish  ;  and  if  eve; 
they  were  there,  what  should  have  become  of  them, 
uuless  they  have  been  thrust  out  by  the  language  of 
some  new  colony  ? 

But  what  makes  strong  for  the  British,  to  prove 
it  the  ancient  and  original  language  of  the  Celtsa,  is 

That  it  agrees  with  the  Irish  in  words  which  the  Armo- 
ries have  not,  as  I  said  before     -                •                -  815 
In  words  which  the  Irish  and  Armories  have                  -  489 
With  Armoric  words  which  the  Irish  have  not               -  1299 


In  all    2603 

These  2,603  words  may  be  fairly  called  Celtic,  which 
makes  it  probable  that  the  British  tongue  is  the  prin- 
cipal branch  and  chief  remains  of  the  ancient  Celtic 
tongue,  and  that  the  Irish,  the  Ersh,  and  Armoric  have 
issued  from  the  British. 

What  is  to  be  inferred  from  this  comparison  of  these 


XX  INTRODUCTION. 

languages,  but  that  the  Irish  have  retained  In  their 
language  about  1,300  words  of  the  ancient  Celtic  tongue, 
the  language  of  their  first  planters,  and  that  the  rest 
of  it  is  made  up  of  some  other  strange  language,  or  at 
least,  strange  to  me  ?  That  the  Armoric  and  British 
agree  in  1,788  words,  and  that  the  rest  of  the  Armoric 
is  a  mixture  of  the  Roman  and  Teutonic :  some  it  had 
borrowed  from  the  Bomans  and  Belgse  when  it  was  the 
Loegrian  dialect  in  the  Isle  of  Britain,  and  some  since 
from  the  Bomans  on  the  Continent  and  the  Franks. 

That  the  present  Cambro-British  or  Welsh  language 
is  for  the  most  part  the  ancient  Celtic  tongue,  once 
spoke  by  the  Gauls  and  Britains,  with  a  little  mixture 
in  it  of  the  Latin  brought  into  it  by  an  intercourse  with 
the  Bomans,  and  by  the  teachers  of  the  Christian  reli- 
gion since,  but  that  those  Latin  words  are  for  the  most 
part  distinguishable  from  the  Celtic 

That  there  is  also  a  small  mixture  in  it  of  the  Eng- 
lish tongue,  terms  of  arts  and  new  inventions,  and  a 
few  verbs  which  have  crept  into  it  among  the  common 
people  of  late  years,  and  not  into  books,  but  are  as  dis- 
tinguishable in  it,  and  will  ever  be,  as  oil  and  water  in 
the  same  vessel,  which  will  never  incorporate.  But 
this  mixture  [which]  is  chiefly  verbs  having  no  verbal 
nouns  or  participles  belonging  to  them  shows  they  are 
foreign  words,  and  it  is  against  the  rules  of  the  poets  to 
receive  them  into  their  writings. 

That  there  is  also  a  few  Greek  words  in  the  British, 
which  might  creep  in  with  a  Trojan  colony  which  is  said 
to  have  come  here  very  early;  the  Trojan  language  being 
supposed  to  be  either  Greek  or  a  dialect  thereof,  imless 
such  words  which  are  like  the  Greek  be  really  Celtic, 
and  according  to  Pezron's  opinion  were  borrowed  by 


INTRODUCTION.  XXI 

the  Greeks  from  the  Celtse  when  under  the  name  of 
Titans,  who  gave  the  Greeks  their  religion  and  learn- 
ing ;  as  were  also,  according  to  him,  most  of  the  words 
that  appear  in  the  Celtic  like  the  Latin,  borrowed  from 
the  same  people. 

Let  these  things  be  as  they  may,  the  British  tongue, 
as  things  stand  here,  has  a  better  claim  to  explain 
ancient  Celtic  names  in  Gaul  and  Britain  than  any 
other  language  hath,  especially  taking  to  its  assistance 
the  Irish,  ErshjArmoric,  and  Cornish,  the  other  branches 
of  the  Celtic ;  for  each  of  them  have  retained  some 
Celtic  words  which  the  British  hath  lost,  or  are  grown 
obsolete  in  it,  or  preserved  only  in  compounds.  See 
D.  Malcolme's  Scheme  of  Explaining  Hebrew  Words 
by  the  Ersh. 


CHAP.  V. 


Of  the  TTTLB  op  this  treatise,  and  why  it  is  called  CELTIC  REMAINS, 
AND  HOW  IT  HATH  A  REGARD  TO  THE  ANCIENT  HISTORY  OF  BRITAIN 
AND   ITS   ISLANDS. 

It  may  not  be  improper  to  give  some  readers  who  are 
not  used  to  the  study  of  ancient  history  a  reason  for 
the  title  of  this  book.  Such  readers  are  to  know  then 
that  in  the  first  confusion  of  languages  (for  the  event 
shows  that  such  a  confusion  hath  happened,  if  Holy 
Scripture  had  not  told  us)  some  of  the  most  powerful 
tribes  or  families  had  more  followers  than  others,  and 
numbers  produced  power ;  among  whom  were  the 
children  of  Noah's  eldest  son  Japhet,  who  kept  together 
in  greater  numbers  than  others  who  disagreed  in  inte- 
rest. But  most  of  these  tribes,  following  their  own 
inclinations,  and  looking  only  for  the  readiest  road  to 

d 


XXU  INl'RODUCTION. 

power,  forgetting  or  neglecting  the  manner  of  worship- 
ping the  true  God  delivered  to  them  by  their  father, 
contrived  such  manner  of  worship  as  best  suited  their 
policy  of  government;  and  to  encourage  a  military 
spirit  they  fell  to  the  art  of  deifying  their  princes. 

Among  about  seventy-two  parties,  as  it  is  said,  of  the 
people  at  the  confiision,  each  had  their  particular  lan- 
guage. Gomer,  eldest  son  of  Japhet,  is  said  to  be  one 
who  was  chief  of  a  party  in  which  were  many  followers ; 
and  it  is  probable  that  he  and  his  wise  men,  either  out 
of  religion  or  policy,  fixed  on  the  Sun  as  the  principal 
seat  or  house  of  the  supreme  God,  and  therefore  called 
it  in  their  language  Titan^  i.e.,  the  House  of  Fire ;  and 
this  is  the  meaning  of  the  word  Tytan  to  this  day 
among  their  descendants,  the  insular  Britons  and  Armo- 
ricans ;  for  ty  with  both  these  nations  is  a  house,  and 
tarty  fire ;  and  what  strengthens  this  argument  is  that 
the  Irish  Tiotan  was  the  ancient  word  for  the  sun. 
The  Greeks  and  Romans,  who  afterwards  adored  the 
sun  SB  a  god,  called  him  Titan^  but  were  quite  ignorant 
of  the  meaning  of  the  word,  having  borrowed  this  god 
from  the  Celtse.  This  might  be  the  reason  that  these 
descendants  of  Gomer  were  afterwards  called  by  the 
name  of  Titanes.  Others  think  from  Tut^  the  earth. 
Others  from  Titan,  eldest  brother  of  Saturn.  Under 
this  name  they  performed  some  great  actions  in  war, 
which  are  so  involved  in  Grecian  fables  that  we  can 
only  guess  at  them.  They  had  princes  called  Saturn, 
Jupiter,  Mars,  Mercury,  etc.,  whose  names  can  be 
accounted  for  in  the  British  tongue,  and  in  no  other 
language  so  well. 

Mr.Pezron,  Abbot  of  Charmoye  in  France,  has  traced 
these  people  from  Babel  to  Britain,  under  the  several 


INTBODUCTION.  ^Xlii 

names  of  SacdB^  Titans,  Comerians,  Qomerians,  Cim- 
brians,  Cimmerians,  Galatse,  CeltsB,  and  Gauls;  and 
several  branches  that  sprung  partly  out  of  them,  as 
Parthian  s,  Persians,  etc. 

If  there  was  no  authority  of  ancient  writers  for  this, 
the  very  names  of  the  people,  their  language,  names  of 
their  cities,  mountains,  and  rivers,  prove  all  this.  But 
there  are  authors  in  abundance  that  prove  it  besides. 
See  Pezron's  Antiquities  of  Nations,  translated  into  Eng- 
lish from  the  French  by  David  Jones,  1 7[06].  Under 
the  name  of  Celtse  they  performed  very  great  things,  and 
had  an  empire  of  vast  extent,  as  Mr.  Pezron  hath  shown. 

These  Celtae,  and  another  people  called  Teutons  (the 
ancestors  of  the  Germans),  were  pretty  much  mixed 
afterwards,  and  were  the  most  powerful  nations  in 
Europe.  These  Celtse  were  the  people  who  first  brought 
the  Greeks  (another  ancient  nation)  under  subjection, 
and  gave  them  their  gods  out  of  their  own  princes,  and 
also  their  learning  and  manner  of  worship.  And  from 
these  Celtae  the  ancestors  of  the  Romans,  the  Sabines, 
and  Umbrians,  that  inhabited  Italy,  had  also  their  reli- 
gion and  a  good  deal  of  their  language,  as  plainly 
appears  to  any  one  that  can  compare  the  several  Celtic 
dialects,  viz.,  the  Irish,  Ersh,  British,  Cornish,  and 
Armoric,  with  the  Latin  and  Greek.  Pezron  has  found 
about  1,200  words  of  the  Celtic  in  the  Roman  language, 
and  about  800  Celtic  wprds  in  the  Greek,  though  he 
imderstood  but  one  branch  of  the  Celtic,  which  was  his 
native  language,  the  Armoric. 

When  these  Gomerians  settled  in  the  western  parts 
of  Europe,  from  the  Alps  to  Britain,  they  called  them- 
selves Ceiltiaid  or  Ceiliaid  (Celtae),  which  in  their  lan- 
guage signifies  herdsmen,   because  they   were   great 


XXIV  INTRODUCTION. 

rovers  and  were  rich  in  cattle,  grazing  from  pla<5e  to 
place ;  and  afterwards  Galluaid  (Gauls),  which  signifies 
in  the  Celtic  tongue  men  of  strength,  power,  etc.  So 
this  day  Gallta  and  Gall,  in  the  Irish,  signify  a  Gaul 
or  a  Frenchman,  and  gallu  in  Welsh  is  strength  or 
power.  But  the  name  of  Celtae  seems  to  be  the  most 
general  and  best  known  at  present  among  writers,  and 
i3  also  very  ancient,  and  comprehends  Britains  as  well 
as  Gauls,  and  all  the  other  descendants  of  Gomer. 

From  these  great  people,  the  Celtae,  came  the  inha- 
bitants of  Britain  and  its  adjoining  islands,  Ireland,  the 
Hebrides,  Orcades,  etc.  And  the  chief  view  of  the 
following  collection  is  to  trace  and  mark  out  these 
Bemains  which  are  to  be  found  existing  of  the  names, 
language,  posterity,  and  country,  of  these  people  as  the 
real  ancestors  of  the  body  of  the  people  of  Britain,  Ire- 
land, and  Gaul,  and  to  explain  their  history,  and  to 
clear  it  from  the  cavils  of  the  ignorant  and  the  designs 
of  the  enemies  of  the  Celtic  name.  How  well  this  is 
done  will  appear  by  the  sequel. 


CHAP.  VI. 
That  the  present  age  is  the  only  time  that  this  treatise  could 

BE  collected  and  PUBLISHED,  AND  THE  REASONS  VTHT,  AND  OP  THE 
MATERIALS  REQUISITE  TO  WRITE  THE  ANCIENT  HISTORY  OF  ANY 
NATION. 

As  the  studies  of  the  antiquities  of  Britain  is  in  the 
present  age  come  to  be  the  general  taste  among  us,  and 
as  prejudice  of  education  and  national  distinctions  seem 
to  be  entirely  laid  aside,  and  that  all  the  inhabitants  of 
Great  Britain  and  its  islands,  English,  Welsh,  Scotch, 
and  Irish,  look  upon  themselves  as  one  mixed  nation 


INTBODOCTION.  XXV 

under  the  protection  of  the  same  wholesome  laws  and 
government,  and  may  live  where  they  please  in  any 
part  of  his  Majesty's  dominions,  and  that  the  old  inve- 
teracy is  quite  banished  and  forgot,  the  causes  of  dis- 
putes and  war  having  ceased,  this  nation  may  not  be 
unwilling  to  accept  from  the  hands  of  one  of  its  own 
natives  the  following  collection,  which  has  cost  him 
great  labour  and  time.  Having  had  uncommon  oppor- 
tunities, which  few  other  men  living  have  had,  to  see 
and  study  ancient  British  MSS.  and  the  matters  herein 
contained,  so  that,  to  use  Mr.  Selden's  words,  there  is 
no  man  in  the  kingdom  but  what  will  find  many  things 
in  this  treatise  that  he  knew  not  before,  and  which 
will  please. 

Mr.  Ed.  Llwyd,  author  of  the  ArchcBologia  Britavr 
nica^  intended  his  second  volume  to  be  on  this  model, 
and  he  had  better  opportimities  to  collect  materials 
than  anybody  before  him  ever  had.  But  his  collection, 
if  he  had  made  any  great  progress  in  it,  are  upon  his 
death  fallen  into  hands  that  make  no  use  of  them. 

Mr.  E.  Llwyd  was  under  another  disadvantage  when 
he  first  appeared  in  the  world.  Mr.  Camden  had  gained 
that  credit  among  antiquaries  that  it  was  as  dangerous 
to  contradict  him  as  it  was  formerly  to  oppose  Aristotle 
in  the  schools,  which  occasioned  Mr.  Llwyd  to  stifle 
many  things  which  otherwise  he  would  have  said,  as 
appears  by  his  Welsh  Preface  to  his  Archceologia.  But 
in  our  age,  when  no  particular  author  is  set  up  for  an 
idol,  and  when  infallibility  is  quite  banished,  and  Truth, 
though  in  ever  so  mean  a  dress,  is  listened  to,  being 
the  only  thing  searched  for,  every  man  dare  deliver  his 
opinion,  and  it  is  left  to  the  public  to  be  the  judges. 

I  very  well  know  that  this  Essay  is  far  from  being 


XXVI  INTRODUCTION. 

perfect  and  methodical ;  but  imperfect  as  it  is,  it  may 
open  our  countrymen's  eyes,  and  set  some  of  them  on 
to  finish  what  I  have  begun.  Though  I  could  very  ill 
aflford  time  to  go  thus  far,  yet  my  love  to  my  country 
hath  outweighed  all  difficulties,  and  I  thought  it  better 
to  have  this  imperfect  draught  to  begin  with  than  none 
at  all.  I  should  have  thought  I  had  met  a  great 
treasure  if  I  had  met  with  such  a  help  as  this.  * 

The  first  attempt  of  any  subject  ever  yet  published 
hath  been  lame  and  imperfect.  Time  only  can  bring 
things  of  this  kind  to  perfection,  if  there  is  such  a 
thing  as  perfection  in  the  works  of  men.  When  an 
author  sets  about  writing  the  history  of  a  nation,  he 
first  makes  himself  master  of  the  language  or  languages 
of  those  people  whose  history  he  writes.  It  would  look 
odd  that  a  man  should  pretend  to  write  the  history  of 
my  life  and  actions  that  is  so  great  a  stranger  to  my 
language  that  he  cannot  write  my  name  or  the  name 
of  my  house  or  country.  All  nations  have  some  kind 
of  historians  of  their  own  that  have  wrote  in  their  own 
tongue  of  their  original,  and  of  the  exploits  of  their 
ancestors  ;  and  some  men  in  every  warlike  nation  have 
performed  glorious  actions  worthy  of  being  recorded. 
Let  a  people  be  ever  so  rude  and  unpolished,  fortitude 
of  mind,  valour,  prudence,  and  good  sense,  have  been 
virtues  common  in  every  enterprising  nation.  The 
Celtse  own  this  in  their  proverb, 

Ymhob  gwlad  j  meg^r  glew. 

In  all  nations  that  had  the  use  of  letters,  great  actions 
have  had  great  writers  in  verse  or  prose  to  record  those 
actions.  One  follows  the  other  naturally,  as  a  shadow 
does  the  substance.     The  descendants  of  these  valiant 


INTRODUCTION.  XXVll 

nations^  out  of  a  pride  inherent  in  mankind,  take  a 
pleasure,  from  age  to  age,  to  read  over  and  repeat  their 
ancestors'  feats  in  war,  in  council,  in  letters,  etc. ;  and 
80  these  accounts  are  handed  from  father  to  son  while 
the  nation  hath  a  being  or  a  name  on  earth. 

It  would  be  impossible  to  impose  on  any  ancient 
nation  who  hath  such  traditions  a  set  of  new  names 
instead  of  their  own  ancestors,  or  to  coin  for  those 
places  where  they  performed  those  actions  new  names 
unknown  to  the  natives,  though  a  Plutarch,  a  Livy,  a 
Tacitus,  or  Caesar,  or  the  greatest  writer  and  the 
greatest  emperor  on  earth,  was  to  attempt  to  impose 
them.  The  body  of  a  nation  is  a  vast,  unwieldy,  and 
untameable  body,  not  to  be  thoroughly  bribed  or  cor- 
nipted  or  frightened,  though  some  limbs  may.  So  also 
it  is  in  regard  to  the  imposing  a  language  on  a  nation. 
The  Bomans  were  never  able  to  impose  the  Roman 
language  on  any  one  nation  in  the  world  when  they 
were  master  of  a  great  part  of  the  earth.  In  Britain, 
the  natives  paid  so  little  regard  to  the  Latin  tongue, 
though  they  were  under  the  Roman  government  for 
above  400  years,  that  there  is  but  very  obscure  tracks 
of  it  to  be  found  in  either  the  Welsh,  Irish,  Ersh,  or 
even  in  the  Armorican-British,  which  was  the  Loegrian 
dialect,  and  immediately  under  their  hands. 

Everybody  the  least  versed  in  the  history  of  the 
Britains  and  in  the  Celtic  tongue  knows  that  the 
Roman  writers  were  entirely  ignorant  of  the  Celtic 
tongue,  and  prided  themselves  in  being  so  ;  for  in  their 
proud  opinions  it  was  a  barbarous  language,  because 
they  were  masters,  as  they  reckoned,  of  the  languages 
of  all  the  nations  about  them  who  felt  the  weight  of 
their  blows;  and  so* were  they  once  reckoned  by  the 


XXVUl  INTRODUCTION. 

Greeks,  though  it  appears  by  their  own  writers,  especi- 
ally Pliny,  that  the  Gauls  were  not  only  equal  to  the 
Romans 'in  arts  and  sciences,  but  far  superior  to  them, 
as  well  as  in  arms ;  Julius  CsBsar  and  M.  T.  Cicero,  the 
greatest  men  Rome  ever  saw,  having  had  their  educa- 
tion under  Antonius  Gnipho,  a  Gaul.  The  taking  of 
Rome  by  the  Gauls  under  Brennus,  and  of  Greece  and 
Macedon  under  Belgius,  shews  they  were  then  superior 
in  arms.  The  panic  the  Romans  were  always  under 
when  the  Gauls  made  any  excursions  upon  them,  when 
even  their  priests  were  not  exempt  from  bearing  arms 
upon  an  invasion  of  the  Gauls,  though  they  were  ex- 
empt at  all  other  times,  shews  the  greatness  of  the 
Celtic  empire  and  the  valour  of  the  Gauls. 

The  cause  of  the  conquest  of  the  Gauls  is  plainly 
owing  to  their  ill-founded  constitution,  for  being  divided 
into  abundance  of  petty  kingdoms  and  governments, 
they  fell  out  among  themselves,  and  gave  room  to  the 
ambitious  Romans  to  get  footing  among  them  ;  which 
was  also  the  case  of  Britain,  a  branch  of  them,  when 
Julius  CsDsar  first  attempted  it. 

I  have  shewed  in  Chap.  II,  etc.,  that  for  many  ages 
past  Britain  and  its  islands  hath  been  peopled  by  a 
mixture  of  the  Celtee  and  Teutons.  Even  in  Caesar's 
time  some  colonies  from  the  Belgic  Gauls,  who  were 
Teutons,  had  settled  here,  as  the  British  history  and 
the  Triads  also  hint.  The  Welsh,  Cornish,  High- 
land Scotch,  and  Irish,  are  of  the  ancient  Celtic  race. 
Their  language  shews  it.  The  English  are  of  the  Teu- 
tonic race  in  the  main,  as  their  language  also  shews  it, 
laying  aside  all  other  evidences.  It  is  plain,  then, 
that  he  that  would  propose  to  write  of  the  remote  anti- 
quities of  the  English  nation,  fop  example,  should  be 


INTRODUCTION".  XXIX 

thoroughly  axjquainted  with  the  Teutonic  language, 
which  was  anciently  spoke  in  Germany  and  all  Tuytch- 
land.  All  the  languages  of  the  countries  north  of  Gaul 
are  branches  of  it. 

If  the  Teutons,  or  any  branch  of  them,  have  ancient 
MSS.,  coins,  or  inscriptions,  of  a  thousand  or  two  thou- 
sand years'  standing,  those  should  be  studied  and 
understood.  If  they  have  not  such  MSS.,  etc.,  Roman 
or  Greek  authors,  or  the  British  or  other  nations,  who 
have  wrote  of  them,  should  be  looked  into  ;  but  with 
this  caution,  that  no  foreign  writer  whatsoever  can  be 
depended  on  to  give  the  true  names  of  men  and  places 
in  another  nation.  Every  language  has  its  particular 
way  of  expression,  and  places  are  called  by  strangers  by 
different  names  from  what  the  natives  of  a  country  call 
them.  To  this  must  be  added  all  that  can  be  gathered 
from  oral  traditions,  and  the  body  of  the  language,  and 
the  names  of  men  and  places  in  the  ancient  Teutonic 
dominions ;  and  particularly  their  proverbs  should  be 
looked  into,  which  every  nation  in  the  world  have 
endeavoured  to  excel  one  another  in,  and  where  a 
nation's  temper  and  wisdom,  and  in  some  measure  their 
history,  may  be  as  well  read  as  an  individual's  temper 
may  be  read  in  his  works. 

With  these  helps  and  a  great  share  of  patience,  in- 
dustry, and  honesty,  and  a  knowledge  in  the  history  of 
neighbouring  nations,  a  man  might  sit  down  and  write 
the  history  of  the  Teutons  and  their  descendants,  the 
English,  as  to  what  regards  their  ancient  settlements, 
customs,  and  wars ;  for  beyond  anything  yet  wrote  of 
them,  we  know  what  Verstegan  has  done  with  only 
some  of  these  helps.  To  attempt  the  ancient  history  of 
the  Teutons  without  these  qualifications  and  materials 


INTRODUCTION, 

is  to  attempt  to  make  bricks  without  clay  or  straw- 
How,  then  could  it  be  expected  of  a  Milton,  of  a  Selden, 
or  a  Camden  (though  men  of  the  greatest  capacities  and 
learning  in  other  respects),  to  do  anything  to  the  pur- 
pose in  the  antiquities  of  the  Celtic  nations,  the  Gauls, 
Britains,  and  Irish,  when  they  knew  little,  or,  indeed, 
nothing  in  effect,  of  the  Celtic  tongue  ?  And  yet, 
rather  than  that  the  world  should  think  that  they 
wanted  anything  to  bring  their  labours  to  perfection 
(such  is  the  pride  of  man),  they  have  thrown  a  cloud 
over  the  things  which  they  could  not  understand,  and 
endeavoured  to  invalidate  those  ancient  historians  of 
the  Britains  which  they  knew  nothing  of.  Camden 
hath,  indeed,  owned  that  the  root  of  our  British  anti- 
quities must  be  looked  out  for  in  the  British  tongue, 
meaning  the  Welsh, — ^a  language,  says  he,  pure  and 
unmixed  since  the  first  separation  from  the  ancient 
CeltcB.     Take  notice  of  this. 

In  the  next  chapters  we  will  see  what  he  hath  done 
towards  that  search,  and  whether  he  was  capable  of 
undertaking  it. 


CHAP.  VII. 

An  examination  into  UR.  CAITDEN's  COIIPABISONS  of  some  CELTIC 
WORDS  WITH  THE  WELSH,  WHICH  WILL  SHEW  HOW  FAR  HIS  KNOW- 
LEDGE ON  THAT  HEAD  MAY  BE  DEPENDED  ON,  WHICH  MAY  BE  A 
CAVEAT  FOR  OTHERS  NOT  TO  LAUNCH  TOO  FAR  INTO  THOSE  DISQUI- 
SITIONS  TILL   THEY  ARE   PROPERLY  QUALIFIED. 

Mr.  Camden  published  the  first  edition  of  his  Britannia 
in  the  year  1586.  This  edition  is  the  only  one  I  have 
now  before  me  ;  and  we  are  sure  it  is  his  own,  though 
some  of  the  following  editions,  translations,  notes,  and 
additions,  may  not  be  properly  his,  and  therefore  he 


INTRODUCTION.  XXXI 

should  not  bear  the  blame  of  other  people's  errors.  In 
this  book  we  find  him  comparing  the  ancient  Gaulish 
words  found  in  Latin  writers  with  the  present  Welsh, 
to  prove  that  the  people  of  Gaul  and  Britain  spoke 
anciently  the  same  language.  But  as  Mr.  Camden  (as 
will  appear  by  and  by)  had  but  a  very  little  smattering 
in  the  British,  and  trusted  to  the  knowledge  of  others, 
he  hath  made  but  a  very  lame  piece  of  work  of  it ;  as 
he  has  everywhere,  through  his  whole  book,  where  he 
attempts  to  give  etymologies,  or  to  compare  this  Ian- 
guage  with  others.  He  should  have  been  acquainted 
not  only  with  the  language,  but  with  the  ancient  Celtic 
orthography  in  our  old  MSS. ;  and  to  have  been  able 
to  distinguish  between  it  and  the  modern,  which  would 
have  showed  the  similitude  of  words,  which  otherwise 
cannot  be  done. 

Mr.  Camden,  out  of  Ausonius,  says  that  Divona  sig- 
nifies the  Fountain  of  the  Gods,  and  that  God  is  Dyw, 
and  a  fountain  vonan,  in  the  British ;  and  so  from 
hence  the  Latins  made  Divonan,  and  for  verse  sake, 
Divona.  All  this  is  wrong,  and  sad  guess-work.  Neither 
Dyw  nor  vonan  are  British  words,  either  in  the  ancient 
or  modern  orthography.  In  the  ancient  orthography 
God  was  wrote  Div,  and  in  the  modem,  Duvk  A  well 
or  fountain  was  in  the  ancient  orthography  wrote  ^no/i, 
in  the  modem  ffyvhon.  So  Divfinon  or  Duw  ffynhon 
might,  for  aught  I  know,  in  the  Gaulish  dialect,  signify 
God's  Well ;  but  it  could  not  be  in  the  British, — ^the 
language  wiU  not  bear  it.  The  expression  would  be 
ffynhonrdduw.  We  have  at  this  day  a  well  in  Wales 
called  Ffynkon  Dduw  (or  God's  Well) ;  but  Divonan 
hath  no  meaning  in  the  British. 

On  was,  I  am  sure,  a  primitive  Celtic  word  for  water^ 


XXXU  INTRODUCTION. 

as  appears  by  its  compounds, — avon,  a  river ;  ffynon,  a 
spring  ;  tonUy  a  wave ;  eigion,  the  ocean ;  and  perhaps 
Llivon,  a  river  s  name,  q.  d.  Liuon,  flood  of  water.  And 
the  very  name  of  Anglesey  {Mo7i)  may  be  originally 
ym  dn,  i.e.,  in  the  water.  And  the  ancient  names  of 
rivers,  Onwy,  Conwy,  Trydonwy,  must  be  looked  for 
here.  What  hinders,  then,  but  that  Divon  in  the 
Gaulish  might  signify  God  s  "Water,  without  drawing 
the  British  by  the  hair  of  the  head  to  serve  a  cause  ? 


CHAP.   VIII. 


Of  the  hesus  of  lucan  and  the  heus  of  lactantius,  one  of 

THE   QODS   of  THE   QAULS. 

Mr.  Camden  says  this  god  was  painted  under  the  form 
of  a  dog,  and  that  Iluath  in  the  British  signifies  a  dog. 
A  Cambro-British  reader  would  infer  from  hence  that 
Mr.  Camden  knew  more  of  the  matter  than  others  did, 
or  else  knew  nothing  at  all  of  the  matter ;  for  that  in 
common  use,  or  in  dictionaries,  or  in  ancient  writings, 
Iluath  was  never  the  word  for  a  dog,  and  doth  not  in 
the  British  language  signify  anything.  Iluad  (not 
huaih)y  indeed,  is  a  hound,  but  not  a  dog  in  general ; 
and  in  the  Cornish  dialect  it  would  have  been  pro- 
nounced huaZy  which  is  not  far  from  Lactantius  s  Heus, 
but  nothing  like  Mr.  Camden's  huath. 


CHAP.  IX. 


Of  THE   GAULISH  WOHD  GESSATiE,  WHICH  POLTBIUS   SAYS  WAS  THE  NAME 
GIVEN  THE   MERCENARY   SOLDIERS   IN   THE   GAULISH   TONGUE. 

Mr.  Camden  says  that  Guessin  in  the  British  signified 
hired  servants;    but   every  hired  servant   in  Wales 


•  •  • 


INTRODUCTION.  XXXIII 

kDows  ttat  he  was  mistaken,  for  gwas  in  the  British 
and  Armoric  signifies  a  servant ;  and  guesdriy  or,  as 
the  Wekh  write  it,  gwesyn,  is  a  diminutive  of  gwas^  as 
serwlus  is  of  servus.  But  there  was  no  occasion  to 
look  out  for  a  diminutive  when  gwas  would  have  done 
as  well. 

The  word  Gessatw  should  rather  be  derived  from 
cemait,  in  the  modem  orthography  ceisiaid^  men  that 
we  have  been  obliged  to  seek  for,  or  a  help  sought  for, 
auxiliaries,  being  not  our  own  people,  but  hired. 


CHAP.  X. 

Of  the   GAULISH   WORD   OESSI,  WHICH   SERYIUS   SATS    SIGNIFIED   IN  THE 

GAULISH  "VIRI   fortes",  VALIANT  MEN. 

Mr.  Camden  says  that  Guassdewr  in  the  British  sig- 
nifies fortis  and  strenuits^  that  is,  vaUant  and  active. 
This  was  right  for  aught  Mr.  Camden  knew ;  but  he 
should  not  have  meddled  with  the  language  if  he  had 
not  known  better.  This  gwas  dewr,  falsely  wrote  guass- 
dewr, is  two  words  ;  and  by  the  nature  and  texture  of 
the  language  it  cannot  possibly  be  a  compound,  which 
would  be  dewr  was ;  and  it  would  not  serve  the  pur- 
pose, for  it  would  lose  the  g. 

Gwas  is  a  servant,  and  dewr  valiant ;  but  what 
hath  a  servant  to  do  in  this  case  ?  To  no  purpose  in 
the  world  but  to  make  a  similitude  of  sounds  between 
Gessi  and  gwas.  Thus  it  is  when  we  walk  in  the  dark 
we  knock  our  heads  against  the  walls. 

Dewr,  of  the  two  words,  is  that  which  hath  the  sig- 
nification of  valour  or  strength  here  ;  and  a  gwas  may 
be  without  any  valour.  But  can  anybody  find  any 
similitude  between  dewr  and  Gessi  ? 


XXXIV  INTRODUCTION, 

So  if  Gessi  in  the  Gaulish  tongue  had  signified 
cowards,  Mr.  Camden  could  have  made  the  British 
tongue  to  answer  that  too,  by  adding  Uwrf  to  it ;  and 
by  this  new  method  of  comparing  languages,  all  the 
nations  in  the  world  may  be  proved  to  have  spoke  the 
same  language  in  the  time  of  the  Romans.  Gwas  Uwrf 
makes  as  good  a  show  in  a  Latin  book  as  gwass  dewr. 

It  will  be  objected  that  Mr.  Camden's  opinion  was 
right  according  to  my  own  confession,  though  his  proofs 
were  wrong.  The  answer  is  in  everybody's  mouth, — 
Falsehood  cannot  produce  Truth.  If  it  was  asserted 
that  C®sar  transported  his  troops  into  Britain  in  cockle- 
shells, it  would  want  a  proof  that  he  transported  here 
any  troops  at  all.  But  the  word  in  Virgil,  from  whence 
it  is  taken,  is  Oesus^  and  not  Gessus, — 

Duo  quisqae  Alpina  oortiscanfc 


G^sa  maun. 

And  Gesa,  says  Servius  in  his  notes  on  VirgU,  is  Has^ 
tates  viriles;  for  the  Gauls,  says  he,  call  strong  men 
Gesos.  So  that  the  truth  is,  this  gesa  of  Virgil  signified 
the  Gaulish  youth,  or  young  men,  active  in  arms ;  for 
gwas  in  the  old  Celtic  signified  a  young  man,  as  goas 
doth  still  in  the  Armoric ;  and  in  that  sense  the  word 
was  used  in  Britain  about  1200  years  ago,  as  we  find  in 
the  works  of  Lly  warch  Hen  : 

Am  gwymp  hfin  ohwerddid  gw^n  gwas. 
(The  young  laughs  at  the  fall  of  the  old.) 

LI,  Hen,  Engl.  Calanganaf. 

And  it  is  used  in  that  sense  to  this  day  in  Wales,  in 
some  places,  particularly  in  Cardiganshire.  Dere  'ngwas 
(Come,  my  lad). 


INTKODUOTIOK. 
CHAP.   XL 

Of  the   GAULISH  WOBD   PENNINUM   IN  CiESAK  ATf0  LITT. 

Alpibus  Penninis,  the  highest  top  of  the  Alps.  Livy 
says  it  doth  not  come  from  Hannibal  and  his  Phoenicians 
passing  over  it,  but  from  the  Gaulish  word  Fenninum, 
signifying  the  highest  tops  of  mountains.  Mr.  Camden 
says  that  the  Britains  call  the  tops  of  mountains  pen, 
and  proves  it  from  their  having  the  highest  mountains 
in  Wales  called  Pen-mon  Maur,  Pendle,  and  Pennigent, 
and  that  the  name  of  the  Appenine  in  Italy  comes  from 
no  other  original.  This  last  assertion  may  be  true,  but 
it  doth  not  follow  so  from  these  proofs,  which  are  false. 

We  have  no  moimtain  in  Wales  called  Penmon  Maur. 
Then  what  is  become  of  the  argument  ?  But  we  have 
a  mountain  called  Penmaen  Mawr  ;  but  fcir  from  being 
one  of  the  highest  mountains  in  Wales.  And  it  was 
not  called  so  because  of  its  height ;  for  there  is  another 
little  mountain  near  it,  called  Penmaen  Bach ;  and  their 
names  signify  Great  Penmaen  and  Little  Penmaen. 

There  are  other  places  of  this  name  which  are  not 
high  mountains,  as  Penmaen  Bhos,  Dol  Benmaen,  etc. 
Penmaen  signifies  the  top  of  a  stone  or  rock  ;  but  Pen-- 
man  is  a  place  in  Anglesey,  where  there  is  no  high  rock ; 
but  is  so  called  because  it  is  the  extreme  end  of  Mon, 
or  Anglesey,  for  pen  signifies  also  the  extreme  end  of  a 
thing  as  well  as  the  top  or  head. 

Pendle  Mountain,  mentioned  by  Mr.  Camden,  is  not 
to  be  found  in  Wales  under  that  name  ;  nor  can  I  find 
what  place  he  meant  by  Pennigent. 

But  to  pass  over  these  wild  guesses  without  founda* 
tion,we  will  examine  about  the  meaning  of  the  word  pen. 

Pen,  properly  in  the  Celtic,  is  a  head,  as  pen  dyn, 
man's  head. 


XXXVl  INTRODUCTION. 

Pen,  applied  to  an  office,  is  chief,  as  penswyddog  is 
chief  officer. 

Pen,  applied  to  manufactured  matter,  signifies  the 
extreme  end  of  a  thing,  as  dau  henffon,  the  two  ends  of 
a  stick. 

Pen,  applied  to  time,  signifies  end  or  extreme,  as 
pen  y  Jlwyddyn,  the  year's  end ;  which  Celtic  phrases 
produced  Nennius's  caput  anni,  for  the  year  s  end,  which 
shews  Nennius  was  a  Welshman. 

Pen,  applied  to  a  thing  that  stands  erect,  signifies 
end,  as  pen  uchaf,  pen  isaf,  the  uppermost  end  and  the 
lowermost  end^ 

Pen,  applied  to  land  or  high  ground,  signifies  summit 
or  top,  as  pen  yr  allt,  the  top  of  the  hill ;  pen  y  mynydd, 
the  top  of  the  mountain  ;  pen  y  graig,  the  top  of  a  rock. 
And  there  are  places  of  all  these  names. 

But  Penninum,  take  off  the  Latin  termination  um,  is 
plainly  Pennin  ;  and  in  the  ancient  Celtic  orthography 
which  hath  been  used  by  the  Britains  till  of  late  years, 
the  word  Penwyn,  which  signifies  white  top  or  white 
head,  was  wrote  Penvin.  I  will  leave  the  rest  to  the 
reader's  judgment  to  determine  whether  Penninum  was 
not  formed  from  Penwyn,  Penvinum. 

There  is  no  manner  of  doubt  but  the  Apennine 
Mountains,  which  reach  from  the  Alps  through  all  Italy 
to  its  extreme  end,  were  so  called  from  the  Gaulish 
word  E  Penvin,  the  white  top  moimtain,  which  in  the 
present  British  orthography  would  be  Y  Pemvyn.  We 
have  a  very  high  mountain  in  Wales  whose  name  was 
formed  from  words  of  the  same  signification,  Bei^wyn, 
from  har,  top,  and  gwyn,  white ;  and  also  several 
mountains  which  have  pen  in  their  names,  as  Penbre, 
Penllech,  Peniarth,  Pen  v  Darren,  Penmaen,  etc. 


IKTRODUCTION.  XXXVU 


CHAP.    XII. 

Of    the    GAULISH    WORD    BACHAUDJB,   WHICH    WERE   CERTAIN    BANDS   OF 

MEN,  IN  Diocletian's   time,  that  strove  in  gaul  against  the 

ROMAN   power. 

Mr.  Camden  saya  that  the  Romans  gave  the  name  of 
Bacaudarum  to  some  multitudes  of  rustics  that  raised 
against  the  Romans  in  Gaul  in  Diocletian's  time ;  and 
that  Beichiad  in  the  British  is  a  swineherd.  What 
occasion  was  there  to  turn  these  bands  of  soldiers  into 
swineherds  ?  Would  not  shoemakers,  tailors,  or  any 
other  tradesmen  that  armies  are  composed  of  have  done 
as  well  ?  But  we  should  have  been  told  that  these 
Bacaudae  were  also  called  Bagaudse  and  Bagodae.  (See 
Prosper  in  Chron.,  and  Salvianus,  L.  G.)  And  I  must 
here  inform  the  reader  that  Beichiad  doth  not,  nor 
ever  did,  in  the  British  or  any  branch  of  the  Celtic, 
signify  a  swineherd.  The  word  is  meichiad  in  the 
British,  as  plainly  derived  from  moch,  swine,  as  the 
English  word  shepherd  is  from  sheep.  And  in  the 
Irish,  muicidhe  is  a  swineherd,  from  muCy  swine ;  as  if 
-we  should  say  in  Welsh  mochydd,  which  shews  how 
these  Celtic  dialects  support  one  another.  Meichiaidy 
by  no  declensions  or  flections  of  nouns,  can  ever  be 
turned  to  Beichiaidy  and  was  the  word  in  use  in  Britain 
twelve  hundred  years  ago,  as  appears  by  Lly warch  Hen : 

Bid  lawen  meichiad  wrth  uchenaid  gwjnt — Engl,  y  Bidiau. 

That  is,  let  the  swineherd  rejoice  at  the  sighs  of  the 
wind ;  because  on  a  hard  gale  of  wind  the  acorns  fall  to 
feed  his  swine. 

But  what  similitude  is  there  between  Tneichiad  and 
BagaudcB  or  Bagodce  ?  If  Mr.  Camden  had  been  versed 

/ 


XXXVm  INTKODUCTION. 

in  the  diiferent  dialects  of  the  Celtic  retained  to  this 
day  in  Ireland,  the  Highlands,  Armorica,  and  Wales, 
he  would  have  seen  that  Bagach  in  Irish  is  war- 
like, that  Bagat  in  the  Armoric  signifies  a  troop  or 
crew,  and  that  Bagad  or  Bagawd  in  the  British  signifies 
the  same  with  the  Latin  turmcB,  a  troop  or  a  company 
of  horsemen.  To  shew  its  affinity  with  Bacaudce  better, 
the  word  was  wrote  by  the  ancient  Celtae  Bacavd. 
Who  would  ever  look  out  for  swineherds  to  prove  this, 
and  not  be  able  to  find  them  at  last  ? 


CHAP.  XIIL 

Of   the   GAULISH  WORD   BRACG£. 

I  SHALL  not  dwell  long  on  Mr.  Camden's  comparison  of 
hratt  (a  rag)  in  the  British  with  hraccce,  a  kind  of  wear- 
ing apparel  used  by  the  Grauls  and  Britains,  which 
Diod.  Siculus  [says]  was  of  various  colours ;  nor  on 
Mr.  Selden,  in  his  Mare  Clausum,  making  breeches  of 
it.  Who  that  ever  saw  a  North  British  plad  can  help 
observing  that  hraccis,  hraccay  or  brachas,  is  the  same 
with  the  British  hrych-wisg ^  in  the  old  orthography 
brecvisc,  which  very  name  describes  a  Scotch  plad  ? 
For  brechivisg  signifies  a  party-coloured  dress.  Surely 
it  cannot  be  from  rags  that  the  whole  nation  of  the 
Gallia  Braccata  had  their  name,  but  from  wearing  this 
plad. 

CHAP.  XIV. 

Op  the   GAULISH   WORD   BRANCE. 

Mr.  Camden  compares  the  Gaulish  word  Brance  with 
what  he  calls  a  British  word,  guinenth  vraiic.     I  am 


INTRODUCTION.  XXXIX 

sorry  to  see  any  man  guilty  of  such  an  intolerable 
blunder.  In  tbe  first  place  there  are  no  such  words  in 
the  British  as  guinenth  vranc.  If  he  meant  gwenith 
Ffrainc,  it  signifies  French  wheat,  which  is  but  a  modem 
word.  But  this  word  hrance  is  mentioned  so  far  back 
as  the  time  of  Pliny  to  be  a  Gaulish  word  for  some  kind 
of  grain  or  bread-corn,  barley,  rye,  or  wheat ;  therefore 
Ffranc  had  then  no  business  with  it,  it  being  before 
the  Ffranks  had  any  footing  in  Gaul,  and  is  quite  out 
of  the  question. 

What,  then,  is  the  Graulish  word  hrance  ?  Bar  a  in 
the  British  and  Armoric  signifies  bread,  from  whence  it 
may  be  more  rationally  derived  than  from  a  Frank  or 
an  Alman. 


CHAP.  XV. 


Of  TBI  GAULISH  WOBD  GLISGO  HEBOA,  WHICH  THE  BOHANS  GALLED 
CANDIDA  MEROA.  THIS  IS  THAT  KIND  OF  EABTH  WITH  WHICH  WE 
MANURE  GROUND,  BY  THE  ENGLISH  AS  WELL  AS  WELSH  GALLED  MARL. 

This  white  merga,  Mr.  Camden  says,  might  be  in 
British  called  gluys  marl,  for  that  gluys  in  British  sig- 
nifies splendid.  Glwys,  and  not  gluys,  is  the  word;  but  it 
never  signifies  splendid,  nor  can  be  applied  in  any  sens© 
as  an  adjective  to  marl.  The  meaning  of  it  is  holy, 
pure,  fair.  But  if  Mr.  Camden  had  known  that  the 
ancient  Britains,  for  glaswyn  varl,  i.e.,  bluish  white 
marl,  wrote  glasgvin  margl,  he  need  not  have  strained 
glwys  out  of  its  own  sense.  Marl  gwyn,  or  marl  glas- 
wyn, is  the  word  used  in  Wales  for  white  marl  to  this 
day  ;  which,  if  turned  into  a  compound  (for  which  this 
language  is  as  remarkable  as  the  Greek),  will  make 
glaswyn  varl. 


xl  INTRODUCTION. 


CHAP.    XVI. 
Of  tbe  qaulisu  word  galba. 

This  word  is  found  in  Suefx)nius,  and  signified  among 
the  Gauls,  very  fat.  Mr.  Camden  compares  it  with  gall- 
uiis,  which  he  says  is  a  British  word  signifying  prcB- 
grandis,  very  great  or  large.  But  galluics  never  hath 
that  signification  in  the  British,  but  always  signifies 
powerful,  potent,  valiant,  or  strong,  as  galach  also  doth 
in  the  Irish,  and  gallondus  in  the  Armoric.  How  sur- 
prisingly these  languages  agree  that  have  been  so  long 
separated ! 

Suppose  Mr.  Camden  had  it  his  own  way;  very  great 
and  large  is  not  always  very  fat.  A  very  little  mouse 
may  be  very  fat,  and  a  very  great  and  large  elephant 
may  be  very  lean.  If  Mr.  Camden  hath  fallen  into  such 
traps,  what  will  become  of  the  little,  piddling  etymo- 
logists ?  We  have  no  word  in  any  of  the  branches  of 
the  Celtic  this  day  that  sounds  like  Galba,  signifying 
fat.     So  if  it  ever  was,  it  is  lost. 


CHAP.  XVII. 

^  Of  the   GAULISH  WORD   GEBYI8U. 

Cervisia,  says  Mr.  Camden,  the  Gaulish  word  for 
ale  or  beer,  agrees  with  the  British  keirch,  i.e.,  oats, 
of  which  the  Britains  made  drink  in  many  places. 
We  should  have  been  told  also  that  the  word  is  also 
wrote  cerevisia,  and  that  Pliny  attributes  this  liquor  to 
the  Gauls,  and  says  they  made  it  of  barley.  How  comes 
it,  then,  to  be  derived  from  oats  ?  Let  any  man  travel 
through  Wales,  and  he  will  learn  at  every  alehouse 
that  ale  made  of  barley-malt,  which  is  the  only  ale  they 


INTRODUCTION.  xli 

sell  there,  is  called  crvrw^  and  sometimes  wrote  cwrf  or 
cwryfy  and  in  the  ancient  orthography  was  cvriv. 
Would  anybody  then  look  out  for  keirch  (oats)  to  com- 
pare with  cerevisia  ?  The  Britains  know  of  no  other 
name  for  this  liquor,  which  was  common  to  them  and 
the  Gauls,  than  cwrw^  cwrf^  or  cwryfy  which  the  Gauls, 
by  a  small  variation  of  dialect,  might  call  cyrvys ;  and 
the  word  this  day,  in  Wales,  for  cervisarius  is  cyrvydd. 

Pobydd  a  chyrvydd  a  chog. 

The  poets,  who  were  well  acquainted  with  this  liquor, 
knew  how  to  name  it. 

Cwrw  a  gei  is  Crag  lenan. — L.  0,  Oothi. 

Criafonllwyn  cwrf  unlliw. — Quito'r  Olyn. 

Eli  calon  carw  da. — Frov, 
(Oood  ale  is  a  salve  to  the  heart.) 

If  anybody  is  so  obstinate  as  to  say  that  the  Britains 
borrowed  their  cvrrw  from  the  cerevisia  of  the  B;omans, 
which  the  Romans  had  formerly  borrowed  from  the 
Gauls,  they  would  do  well  to  consider  that  the  Gauls 
and  Britains  had  this  liquor  in  common;  and  the 
Britains  had  more  occasion  for  it  than  the  Gauls,  as  it 
supplied  the  place  of  wine ;  therefore  it  is  very  extra- 
ordinary that  the  Britains  should  forget  the  name  of 
their  darling  Uquor,  and  borrow  it  of  the  Romans,  who 
had  onlv  borrowed  it  from  the  Gauls. 

I  might  add  many  more  words  which  Mr.  Camden 
hath  misapplied,  as  lana,  bulga,  planerat,  zitham,  Mo" 
rini,  etc. ;  but  this  is  suflficient  to  shew  that  a  person 
not  perfectly — nay,  even  critically — acquainted  with  a 
language  ought  not  to  meddle  with  its  roots  and  ety- 
mologies ;  and  that  we  cannot  expect  a  tolerable  exact- 
ness in  the  Greeks'  and  Romans'  manner  of  writing  our 


xlii  INTRODUCTION. 

names  of  men  and  places  when  men  of  very  great 
learning,  and  who  had  opportunities  of  being  better 
informed,  could  commit  such  slips  as  we  see  are  here 
committed.  Had  not  we,  then,  better  study  our  own 
natural  antiquities,  the  several  branches  of  the  Celtic 
tongue,  and  the  remains  left  of  the  history  of  that 
nation,  than  trust  to  any  foreign  aid  found  to  be  so 
insufficient  ? 


CHAP.   XVIII. 

Of  the   BRITISH  AUTHORS  QUOTED  IN   THE   POLLOWINQ  COLLECTION. 

As  there  are  British  authors  and  treatises  quoted  in 
this  book,  some  of  which  are  very  little,  if  at  aU,  known 
among  English  antiquaries,  it  will  not  be  amiss  to  give 
some  account  of  them,  that  every  authority  may  have 
ite  proper  weight,  and  neither  more  nor  less  than  the 
weight  it  should  have  ;  for  we  should  not  deceive,  but 
instruct,  I  shall  slightly  touch  on  the  most  ancient  of 
them,  so  as  to  direct  the  curious  that  hath  a  mind  to 
make  a  further  inquiry. 

1st.  The  most  ancient  British  remains  extant,  or  at 
least  that  hath  come  into  my  hands,  is  the  British  his- 
tory called  Brut  y  Brenhiiioedd^  or  the  Traditions  of  the 
British  Bards,  of  which  we  have  several  very  ancient 
copies  in  Wales  in  the  British  tongue.  It  begins  with 
the  Trojan  colony,  and  ends  with  the  reign  of  Cadwal- 
adr,  the  last  King  of  the  Britains.  It  hath  gone  among 
the  Britains  under  the  name  of  Tyssilio,  a  Bishop,  son 
of  Brochvael  Ysgithrog,  Prince  of  Powys,  who  seems  to 
me  to  be  only  the  continuer  of  it  from  the  Roman  con- 
quest to  his  own  time,  about  the  year  620  ;  and  that  it 
was  afterwards  continued  to  the  time  of  Oadwaladr  by 


INTRODUCTION.  xlili 

another  hand,  who  quotes  a  particular  copy  of  Bede's 
Ecclesiastical  History,  which  is  not  extant. 

This  history  of  the  Britons,  about  the  year  1150,  was 
mangled  and  translated  into  Latin,  by  Galfrid,  Arch- 
deacon of  Monmouth,  afterwards  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph  ; 
and  in  that  shape,  in  Latin,  taking  the  name  of  the 
translator,  it  hath  been  mauled  and  abused  by  all  the 
English  almost  that  have  wrote  of  the  affairs  of  Britain 
since  Camden's  time,  and  by  French  and  Dutch  and 
everybody,  though  none  of  them  ever  saw  the  original 
author  in  the  British  tongue.  This  the  Britains  look 
upon  to  be  very  foul  play,  and  such  usage  as  was  never 
offered  to  any  other  author  in  the  world;  for  the  ancient 
British  copy  differs  greatly  from  Galfrid's  translation 
both  in  names  and  facts.  See  more  of  this  author  in 
chap.  .  • .  and  in  title  Brut. 

2ni  The  next  is  Myrddin  Emrys,  commonly  Latin- 
ized Merlinus  Ambrosius,  who  flourished  about  the  year 
450.  We  have  some  of  his  works  extant  in  the  British 
tongue.  See  more  of  him  in  chap.  . . .  and  in  the  let- 
ter M. 

3rd.  The  next  is  Lly  warch,  surnamed  Hen,  or  Lly- 
warch  the  Old,  a  prince  or  nobleman  of  the  borders  of 
North  Britain.  He  wrote  of  the  wars  of  his  own  time, 
in  which  he  was  concerned,  and  in  the  war-verse  called 
by  the  Britains  Englyn  milwr.  He  was  one  of  King 
Arthur's  generals,  and  of  his  council  (as  appears  by  the 
Triades\  and  lived  to  a  very  great  age.  He  ended  his 
days  in  Wales,  after  he  had  lost  his  country  and  family. 
We  have  extant,  and  I  have  now  in  my  hands,  several 
of  his  works.  It  seems  he  began  to  write  about  the 
year  520,  and  lived  to  the  time  of  Cadwallon,  which 
must  be  about  150  years,  and  his  name  implies  it. 


xliv  INTRODUCTION. 

4th.  Gildas,  the  angry  monk,  a  North  Briton,  is  the 
next  in  time.  He  wrote  in  Latin  about  the  year  560. 
What  we  have  of  him  has  been  mangled  by  the 
monks.     See  chap.  ...  and  under  letter  G, 

5th.  Myrddin  Wyllt,  Aneurin  Wawdrydd,  and 

6th.  Taliessin.  All  flourished  in  the  reign  of  Mael- 
gwn  Gwynedd  over  the  Bri tains  about  the  year  570. 

Myrddin  Wyllt  was  a  Caledonian  or  Pictish  Briton, 
of  whose  works  we  have  several  very  curious  pieces 
extant  relating  to  the  wars  of  that  age. 

I  have  met  with  but  few  pieces  of  Aneurin  Wawd- 
rydd. His  Gododiriy  an  heroic  poem,  is  the  most  curious. 

But  of  Taliessin 's  works  we  have  a  great  deal ;  but 
I  think  more  mangled  than  any  of  the  rest,  because 
oftener  copied.  His  Beddau  Milwyr  Ynys  Prydaiuy  or 
Tombs  of  the  Warriors  of  Britain,  is  a  noble  piece  of 
antiquity,  and  strikes  a  great  light  on  the  history  of 
those  times,  when  compared  with  the  Triades,  the  Brut^ 
and  the  succeeding  writers. 

8th.  The  next  thing  of  note  which  I  have  met  with 
is  the  Triades,  called  in  the  British  Trioedd  Ynys 
Prydain.  This  little,  curious  treatise,  or  most  of  it,  I 
take  to  have  been  wrote  about  the  year  650,  and  some 
part  of  it  collected  out  of  the  most  ancient  monuments 
of  the  kingdom  ;  but  not  from  the  same  fountain  with 
Brut  y  Brenhinoedd,  as  there  are  facts  and  matters  in 
the  TriadeSy  before  the  Roman  conquest^  ^ot  to  be 
found  in  the  Brut ;  and  also  several  things  after  the 
Roman  and  Saxon  conquests  which  the  author  of  Brut 
y  Breiihinoedd  never  would  have  omitted  if  he  had  met 
with  them. 

As  the  battles  of  Cadwallon  are  mentioned  in  the 
Tnades,  and  Cadwaladr  also  once  mentioned,  I  suppose 


INTRODUCTION.  xlv 

it  to  have  been  finished  about  the  year  680  or  soon 
after,  though  it  hath  not  been  the  good  luck  of  Nen- 
nius,  who  wrote  almost  two  hundred  years  afterwards, 
to  have  met  with  it 

9th.  Soon  after  this  was  wrote  Hanes  y  24  BrenhyUy 
the  History  of  the  twenty-four  kings  that  were  most 
famous  for  building  cities,  etc.,  the  ancient  Saxon  names 
being  added  to  the  British  names  of  the  cities.  Guttyn 
Owen,  the  poet,  about  the  year  1480,  hath  left  a  copy 
of  this  in  his  own  handwriting ;  and,  it  seems,  copied 
the  very  errors  in  his  original,  for  he  knew  better  than 
to  commit  those  errors ;  a  copy  of  which  I  have,  besides 
some  other  copies  of  it.  As  this  differs  from  the  account 
in  Brut  y  Brenhynoedd,  it  must  have  been  taken  from 
some  other  authority,  for  there  has  been  no  attempt 
made  in  any  of  the  old  copies  of  it  that  I  have  seen,  to 
make  it  agree  with  the  history  of  Tyssilio.  Mr.  Vaughan 
of  Nannau  has  an  old  copy  from  Guttyn  Owens  MS., 
A.n.  1757. 

10th.  Nennius,  said  to  be  Abbot  of  Bangor  is  y  Coed, 
and  (as  he  calls  himself)  disciple  to  Elbod,  Bishop 
of  North  Wales,  is  the  next  in  time.  He  wrote  a  his- 
tory of  the  Britains,  in  Latin,  about  the  year  840  ;  but 
all  the  copies  we  have  of  it  in  the  public  libraries,  under 
the  name  of  Nennius,  Gildas  Nennius,  Gildas  Minor, 
etc.,  are  exceeding  incorrect,  owing  to  the  ignorance  of 
transcribers  ;  and  most,  if  not  all,  the  copies  we  have 
of  it  at  Oxford,  Cambridge,  Cotton  Library,  etc.,  have 
been  done  by  a  North  Briton,  b&  appears  by  his  writing 
mac  for  mob  (son)  in  the  genealogy  of  Gwrtheyrn ; 
unless  we  suppose  that  Samuel  Beulanus,  who  wrote 
the  genealogies,  was  a  North  Briton ;  or  that  Gildas  ap 
Caw,  the  North  Briton,  was  the  author ;  for  this  mac 

9 


xlvi  INTRODUCTION. 

is  no  more  than  a  deviation  of  dialect  from  mab,  and 
may  be  a  Loegrian  distinction. 

This  history  was  published,  with  several  others,  by 
Dr.  Gale  at  Oxford,  a.d.  1691,  but  is  very  incorrect, 
and  the  notes  and  various  readings  tend  more  to  con- 
found than  instruct,  Mr.  Gale  being  entirely  unac- 
quainted with  the  British  language  and  writings. 

There  is  a  curious  copy  of  this  author,  which  I  have 
seen,  in  the  handwriting  of  the  great  antiquary,  Mr. 
Rob.  Vaughan,  in  Hengwrt  Library,  compared  with  the 
MSS.  in  Oxford,  Cambridge,  Cotton  Library,  Mr.  Sel- 
den's,  Mr.  Camden's,  Sir  Simon  D'Ewes,  Dr.  Markham, 
Usher,  etc.,  besides  several  other  copies  in  other  parts 
of  Wales,  as  at  Llannerch,  Cors  y  Gedol,  etc. 

Mr.  Gale  has  left  part  of  this  author  unpublished, 
because  something  of  the  same  kind  was  in  Ranulph 
Higden,  an  author  that  wrote  about  five  hundred  years 
after  him.  What  shall  we  call  this  usage  of  our  ancient 
British  author  ?  W  ould  Mr.  Gale  have  been  allowed 
to  use  Bede  after  this  manner,  without  being  lashed  to 
pieces  for  cutting  off  the  limbs  of  a  venerable,  ancient 
writer,  as  he  is  called  ?  Why  then  is  the  British  Nen- 
nius  to  be  mutilated  and  cut  into  piecemeal  ?  It  is 
pity  he  is  not  taken  care  of  by  some  able  hand. 

Some  think  that  this  book  of  Nennius  was  begun  by 
Gildas,  author  of  the  epistle  De  Excidio  Brttannice, 
about  the  year  560,  and  only  continued  by  Nennius  ; 
for  it  is  quoted  by  the  name  of  Gildas  in  Tyssilio,  and 
by  many  of  our  English  historians,  and  by  Sir  John 
Pryse  and  Humphrey  Llwyd ;  besides  that  in  two 
MSS.  in  the  Cotton  Library  it  is  to  be  seen  wrote  after 
the  61st  chapter,  "  Here  endeth  the  Acts  of  the  Bri tains 
wrote  by  Gildas  Sapiens."     But  Nennius,  in  his  pre- 


INTRODUCTION.  xlvii 

face,  says  it  was  his  own  collection  from  traditions, 
writings,  and  ancient  British  monuments,  and  also  from 
foreign  authors. 

It  seems  to  me,  then,  that  Gildas  ap  Caw,  the  author 
of  the  epistle,  was  not  the  author  of  this ;  but  the  real 
author  s  first  name  was  Gildas,  and  after  he  had  taken 
his  degree  of  abbot,  took  the  name  of  Nennius,  which 
was  a  common  thing  in  those  early  times ;  for  we  know 
Jtthun  ap  Urien  was  named  Paulinus  by  Pope  Gregory 
upon  his  being  made  a  missionary  to  the  Saxons  ;  and 
that  the  true  name  of  St.  Patrick  was  Maenwyn^  but 

was  named  Patricius  by  Pope  upon  his  being 

made  his  legate  to  Ireland.  So  it  is  no  improbable 
thing  that  Nennius  was  this  man's  ecclesiastical  name 
only,  and  that  the  book  is  entitled  (as  it  is  in  some 
ancient  copies)  Gildas  Nennius,  to  distinguish  it  from 
Gildas  ap  Caw,  the  North  Briton  ;  and  in  some  copies 
Gildas  Minor,  ajd  that  at  Oxford  ;  in  others,  GUdas 
Sapiens  (by  mistake  I  suppose) ;  and  in  others,  plain 
Nennius.  And  this  gave  a  handle  to  persons  that  knew 
nothing  of  it,  such  as  Polydore  Virgil  and  his  followers 
Vertot,  Nicolson,  etc.,  to  call  it  Pseudo-Gildas,  or  false 
Gildas,  as  if  it  was  impossible  there  should  be  two 
men  of  the  name  of  Gildas.     See  more  in  chap 

11th.  Our  MSS.  of  genealogies,  which  are  spread  all 
over  the  kingdom,  and  agree  in  the  main  without  any 
material  diflference,  are  some  of  the  most  ancient  remains 
of  Celtic  antiquities  now  in  being,  and  bespeak  them- 
selves to  be  genuine ;  for  it  is  impossible  to  impose  a 
whole  race  of  ancestors  on  any  single  man,  let  alone  the 
whole  nation  ;  and  these  genealogies  must  naturally  be 
continued  from  age  to  age,  from  father  to  son ;  and  in 
a  nation  who  have  always  kept  their  ground  since  their 


Xlviii  INTRODUCTION. 

first  plantation,  it  is  ridiculous  to  imagine  that  they 
would  change  their  ancestors  for  any  new-fangled 
names.  These  antiquities  of  the  Britains  are  dijfferent 
enough  from  any  supposed  genealogies  that  may  be 
called  Saxon,  for  those  nations  are  owned  to  be  illite- 
rate (and  no  man  hath  pretended  to  prove  them  other- 
wise) when  they  invaded  this  island.  The  Britons, 
then,  have  no  small  reason  to  glory  in  their  ancient 
genealogies,  as  they  are  such  a  considerable  evidence  of 
their  antiquity  in  their  native  country.  Among  these 
is  Bonedd  Gwyr  y  Gogledd. 

12th.  The  history  of  the  Cowriy  or  Cambro-British 
princes,  who  built  the  forts  on  the  mountains  of  Wales, 
seems  to  be  very  ancient ;  but  I  cannot  so  much  as 
guess  at  the  time  it  was  wrote.  This  MS.  is  in  Hen- 
gwrt. 

13th.  Bonhedd  y  Saint,  or  the  Noble  Descent  of  the 
Saints  of  Britain,  the  founders  of  the  churches  and  reli- 
gious houses  which  still  bear  their  names  aU  over 
Wales.  This  is  a  most  valuable  piece  of  antiquity,  a 
very  ancient  copy  of  which  is  now  extant  (1760)  at 
Llannerch. 

1 4th.  The  works  of  the  British  Poets  from  about  the 
Danish  Conquest  to  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth  are  so 
numerous  that  it  is  needless  to  say  anything  of  them 
here,  but  refer  you  to  the  body  of  the  work  for  each 
by  name.  But  I  shall  only  remark  that  poetry  and 
good  language  was  in  greater  perfection  here  a  little 
before  and  a  little  after  the  Norman  Conquest  than  it 
hath  been  since,  and  that  the  historical  parts  of  those 
works  are  a  great  light  to  our  historians,  both  English 
and  Welsh,  Irish  and  ScotcL 


INTRODUCTION.  xllX 


CHAP.  XIX. 

Ix  will  be  objected  by  some,  that  it  looks  odd  that 
these  unheard-of  things  have  not  been  advanced  sooner, 
for  that  we  have  had  very  able  antiquaries  in  England 
and  Wales  for  many  ages  past.  Where  hath  the  book 
of  Triades  been  all  this  while  ?  Where  hath  the  British 
copy  of  Tyssilio  lain,  the  Catalogues  of  ancient  Cities, 
the  Dictionaries  of  the  several  branches  of  the  Celtic 
tongues,  the  in8cri{)tions  in  the  ancient  Celtic  charac- 
ter, the  works  of  the  ancient  British  poets,  the  old 
MSS.  of  genealogies,  the  remains  of  Druidism,  the 
account  of  the  tombs  of  the  warriors  of  Britain,  the 
book  of  British  proverbs,  the  history  of  the  twenty-four 
kings  that  built  cities,  the  history  of  the  Cowri  that 
built  forts  on  mountains,  Bonhedd  y  Saint  ? 

In  answer  to  this  we  say  that  though  the  Britains 
had  these  things  in  their  possession,  it  doth  not  follow 
that  the  English  antiquaries  and  historians  should 
know  anything  of  them,  nor  that  the  few  Welsh  anti- 
quaries that  have  wrote  should  know  them  all  ;  and  in 
all  ages  there  have  been  more  antiquaries  than  there 
hath  been  publishers. 

Everybody  the  least  versed  in  the  history  of  Britain 
knows  what  implacable  hatred  there  was  formerly,  for 
above  a  thousand  years,  between  these  two  nations, 
from  the  year  449  to  the  year  1485,  and  which  hath 
but  lately  subsided.  The  English  nation  were  so  noted 
for  their  ferocity  to  strangers  that  it  became  a  proverb 
in  Wales, — 

Galon  Sals  wrih  Gymro  ; 

i.e.,  the  heart  of  an  Englishman  to  a  Welshman.  But 
the  case  is  now  altered  :  witness,  among  other  things, 


1  .    INTKODUCTION. 

the  great  and  generous  subscriptions  of  the  English 
towards  the  publication  of  the  Welsh  Bible  lately,  under 
the  care  of  the  Society  for  Promoting  Christian  Know- 
ledge, which  shews  they  have  a  greater  regard  for  the 
Welsh  than  the  Welsh  have  for  themselves. 

Is  it  any  more  strange  that  there  were  ancient  MSS. 
in  Wales,  unknown  to  the  English,  than  that  there 
were  plants  growing  on  Snowdon  which  no  Englishman 
ever  heard  of  till  within  our  days  the  indefatigable 
Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  described  them,  as  well  as  other 
rarities  of  that  country  ?  The  same  excellent  person 
was  the  first  that  gave  the  English  antiquaries  any 
light  into  these  things^  by  giving  an  account,  in  his 
ArchcBologia  Britannica,  of  the  ancient  MSS.  he  had 
the  luck  to  meet  with,  or  heard  of,  in  his  travels 
through  England,  Wales,  and  Ireland.  His  account, 
imperfect  as  it  is,  is  more  than  any  English  writer  ever 
dreamt  of,  or  so  much  as  expected  to  be  found  among 
us ;  and  his  book  will  stand  for  ever  as  a  noble  attempt 
of  retrieving  the  Celtic  tongue  and  its  antiquities  from 
oblivion. 

The  British  book  of  Triades,  though  to  this  day  very 
little  (if  at  all)  known  among  English  antiquaries,  hath 
been  always  quoted  by  our  British  poets  from  age  to 
age,  though  I  am  certain  Galfrid,  the  Latin  trans- 
lator of  Tyssilio,  never  saw  it,  so  little  did  he  know  of 
our  antiquities,  or  else  he  would  have  embellished  that 
history  with  its  contents,  instead  of  those  ridiculous 
things  which  in  his  translation  he  hath  added  to  it  out 
of  Myrddin  Emrys  s  works  and  oral  tradition. 

Mr.  Robt  Vaughan,  our  excellent  antiquary,  about 
A.D.  1630  attempted  a  translation  of  the  Triades  into 
English,  and  Mr.  W.  Morris  of  Cefn  y  Braich  says  he 


INTRODUCTION.  li 

interprets  it  surprisingly ;  but  this  was  too  hard  a  task 
even  for  Mr.  Vaughan.  This  English  translation  he 
gave  to  Archbishop  Usher,  but  we  have  heard  no  fur- 
ther of  it ;  and  I  suppose  the  copy  is  lost,  unless  it  is 
among  his  papers  in  Hengwrt. 

Camden  quotes  this  book  oiTHades  in  \nB  Britannica 
as  of  ancient  authority,  to  prove  the  Britains  joining 
the  Cimbrians  and  Gauls  in  some  expeditions  against 
Italy  and  Greece ;  and  also  in  Shropshire,  about  Caer 
Caradoc.  But  had  he  dealt  fairly  with  us,  and  used 
the  other  authorities  found  in  that  book,  he  might 
have  saved  most  of  the  objections  which  he  has  so  art- 
fully put  in  the  mouths  of  his  great  men.  He  did  not 
dare  to  attack  a  national  history  in  his  own  person, 
but  pretended  to  defend  it  with  all  his  eloquence  ;  but 
it  was  against  the  intention  of  his  plan  to  own  any- 
thing existing  among  the  Britains  which  would  clear 
up  their  history  (though  he  committed  a  slip  in  men- 
tioning the  Triades  at  all),  as  his  scheme  was  to  be  the 
father  of  the  history  of  Britain. 

Mr.  Nicolson,  in  his  Historical  Library,  has  behaved 
still  worse  than  Mr.  Camden,  for  he  knew  so  little  of  the 
book,  and  speaks  so  slightly  of  it,  that  he  supposes  it 
to  be  what  Camden  quotes  and  calls  in  his  Remains  the 
Book  of  Triplicities.  He  might  as  well  have  called  the 
Book  of  Ecclesiasticus  the  Triades ;  for  the  British  TW- 
ades  is  merely  historical,  and  the  other  is  only  a  rheto- 
rical collection  of  wise  sayings  and  proverbs. 

Though  this  British  book  of  Ti'iades  was,  according 
to  the  judgment  of  Mr.  Rob.  Vaughan,  the  antiquary, 
about  A.D.  1630,  about  a  thousand  years  old,  neither 
Bede,  Nennius,  nor  Galfrid,  knew  anything  of  it.  No 
more  did  they  of  the  works  of  the  British  poets.     Bede 


Hi  INTRODUCTION. 

could  not ;  and  Nennius,  where  he  attempts  to  mention 
some  of  them,  scarce  knew  their  names,  unless  those 
blunders  were  committed  by  his  transcribers. 

If  Galfrid,  when  he  translated  Tyssilio,  had  known 
the  works  of  Myrddin  Wyllt,  Taliessin,  and  Lljrwarch 
Hen,  he  would  have  found  in  them  abundance  of  histo- 
rical passages  to  embellish  the  history  then  in  his  hand, 
where  it  is  most  blind  and  bald.  What  hath  he  added 
to  Tyssilio  ?  Flamines  and  Archflamines  of  his  own 
invention  ;  some  fine-formed  speeches  of  his  own  ;  and 
the  dark  and  abstruse  prophecy  of  Myrddin  Emrys, 
called  the  Great  Prophecy ;  and  some  trifles  which  had 
better  been  out. 

By  the  very  style  of  Tyssilio's  British  History  it 
appears  that  the  first  part  of  it  is  very  ancient,  and 
that  it  was  put  in  the  form  it  is  now  about  the  year 
600  or  before,  probably  by  Tyssilio  ;  and  from  Tyssilio 
to  Cadwaladr  by,  I  think,  another  hand. 

Though  it  doth  not  appear  that  Galfrid  knew  any- 
thing of  the  TriadeSy  yet  the  British  poets,  his  cotempo- 
raries,  Meilir  Brydydd,  Daniel,  Cynddelw,etc.,  were  well 
versed  in  the  writings  of  the  ancient  poets  and  histo- 
rians, and  in  the  TriadeSy  as  appears  by  their  works. 

Can  any  antiquary  now  in  the  kingdom  say  he  knows 
every  old  Saxon  MS.  now  existing  ?  No  ;  no  more 
than  he  knows  every  old  house  in  the  kingdom,  or  all 
the  old  coins  that  are  in  private  hands.  Why  then  is 
it  urged  that  if  such  and  such  MSS.  were  in  being  in 
the  time  of  Gildas,  of  Nennius,  of  Galfrid,  etc.,  they 
must  have  seen  them  ?  This  is  childish  reasoning,  as 
if  no  ancient  MS.  in  the  kingdom  could  possibly  escape 
the  eyes  of  a  monk,  an  abbot,  or  a  bishop,  when  it  doth 
not  appear  to  us  that  they  ever  made  any  inquiries 


INTRODUCTION.  liu 

after  such  MSS.  out  of  their  own  monasteries,  and 
when  it  plainly  appears  that  the  clergy  had  an  utter 
aversion  to  the  works  of  the  British  bards,  who  were 
the  historians  of  the  ancient  Britains  ;  and  the  bards, 
perhaps,  were  not  behind  hand  with  them. 


CHAP.  XX. 


I  FORESEE  it  will  be  objected  that  a  very  great  stress 
is  laid  here  on  proofs  out  of  the  British  poets,  and  that 
among  the  greatest  modern  historians  in  Europe  such 
proofs  are  reckoned  but  slight,  and  not  so  much  re- 
garded as  the  authorities  of  prose  writers  of  history,  or 
regular  historians  (as  they  call  them),  learned  in  anti- 
quities, etc. 

Fable  (they  say)  is  an  ingredient  in  poetry  ;  and 
Vertot,  the  French  historian,  in  a  sneer  on  an  historical 
poem  of  the  Britains  of  Armorica,  which  they  call  their 
Breviary,  says  that  fables  never  succeed  better  than  in 
verse.  But  men  of  greater  weight  in  the  learned  world 
than  Vertot,  and  in  aflFairs  of  the  greatest  consequence, 
viz.,  the  dominion  of  the  British  seas,  have  not  thought 
it  beneath  them  to  make  use  of  poetical  authorities, 
not  only  to  prove  the  use  of  words,  but  also  the  use  of 
things.  The  admirable  Selden,  in  his  Mare  Clatisum, 
condescends  to  make  use  of  the  authority  of  an  English 
poet,  G.  Chaucer,  no  older  than  Richard  Ill's  time,  to 
prove  the  dominion  of  the  sea  in  the  English  in  those 
days ;  and  in  the  same  manner  Virgil,  Ovid,  Plautus, 
and  other  ancient  poets,  are  quoted  by  the  assertors  of 
Mare  Liber um.     See  Ma7\  Claus,,  p.  5. 

These  objectors   should  also  consider  that  nations 

h 


llv  INTKODUCTION. 

differ  in  their  customs,  and  what  is  true  in  France  is 
not  always  so  in  other  countries  ;  and  that  the  most 
ancient  histories  were  originally  in  verse,  but  more  par- 
ticularly among  the  Gauls  and  Britains  who  were  under 
the  Druidical  government,  the  recorders  of  the  actions 
of  their  great  men  being  a  branch  of  their  religious 
institution  ;  or,  in  other  words,  their  bards  were  their 
historians,  who  handed  down  to  posterity  (witness 
Lucan)  the  ancient  traditions  of  their  ancestors ;  and 
this  was  the  case  of  other  northern  nations,  the  Swedes, 
Islanders,  etc.,  who  had  their  scalds.  See  Olaus  Worm- 
ius.  This  method  of  historical  writing,  and  also  the 
very  kind  of  verse,  hath  kept  its  ground  in  Britain,  in 
spite  of  the  Roman  power,  tiU  after  the  Romans  left 
them. 

The  kind  of  verse  in  which  the  bards  wrote  their 
exploits  in  war  was  called  Englyn  Milior^  a  triplet 
stanza  of  seven  syllables  each  verse.  The  meaning  of 
the  name  is  the  warrior's  verse,  or  military  verse.  I 
make  no  doubt  but  the  North  American  war-song  is  of 
the  same  original,  where,  in  their  meetings,  or  before 
a  battle,  they  all  join  in  this  military  song,  which  gives 
an  account  of  the  brave  actions  of  their  ancestors  main- 
taining their  liberties,  and  is  the  greatest  incentive  to 
courage  that  can  possibly  be.  It  is  observable  that  the 
most  ancient  poetry  in  the  world  was  in  triplet  verse 
of  seven  or  eight  syllables. 

In  ancient  times,  among  the  Britains,  it  was  common 
for  the  princes  themselves  to  write  their  own  actions  in 
verse, — and  who  more  able  to  do  it  ?  Llywarch  Hen, 
a  nobleman  of  North  Britain,  hath  left  us  an  account 
of  the  wai-s  he  was  concerned  in,  in  this  very  kind  of 
verse,  Englyn  Mihvr;  and  in  such  a  pathetic,  honest, 


INTRODUCTION.  Iv 

plain  manner  that  there  can  be  no  room  to  suspect  him 
of  falsehood  or  unfair  dealings.  Here  are  no  embellish- 
ments, no  fictions,  no  show  of  art,  and  but  a  plain  rela- 
tion of  matters  of  fact,  not  without  their  beauties. 
This  was  about  a  hundred  years  after  we  had  thrown 
off  the  Koman  yoke.  Our  princes  and  generals  conti- 
nued this  custom  of  writing  their  own  actions  in  verse  as 
late  as  Henry  H's  time,  for  the  famous  warrior,  Howel 
ap  Owain  Gwynedd  (brother  of  Madoc,  who  first  dis- 
covered America),  hath  wrote  his  own  battles  in  a  most 
elegant  though  a  modest  manner,  of  which  we  have 
several  copies  in  Wales.  Hath  not  J.  Caesar  wrote  his 
own  actions  ?  And  what  deterred  other  emperors  from 
doing  the  same  was  that  they  had  not  matter  enough, 
or  that  they  were  not  as  great  masters  of  fighting  and 
writing  as  he  was,  and  that  he  had  got  the  start  of 
them. 

It  should  be  also  observed  the  Britains,  Gauls,  and 
Iri^h,  never  could  be  brought  into  the  same  way  of 
thinking  with  the  Greeks  and  Romans  in  regard  to 
heroic  poetry.  Poetry  was  so  sacred  with  these  Celtic 
people,  as  being  a  branch  of  their  religion,  that  they 
never  suffered  invented  fables  (the  chief  ingredient  in 
heroic  poetry)  to  have  a  footing  in  it,  which  is  the 
reason  that  neither  the  Gauls,  Britains,  Irish,  Ersh, 
Picts,  Cornish,  or  Armoricans,  ever  had  to  this  day  a 
poem  in  the  nature  of  the  Iliad  or  ^neid,  though  most 
other  nations  took  a  foolish  pride  in  imitating  them. 
So  that  what  in  one  nation  is  called  an  heroic  poem, 
and  the  grandest  performance  in  human  art,  is  in 
another  nation  called  a  fabulous,  empty  song  or  poem 
stuffed  with  flourishes  and  the  scum  or  over-boiling  of 
the  poet's  brains,  to  please  a  vain,  boasting  people ;  as 


Ivi  INTRODUCTION. 

if  the  nation  had  no  real  actions  of  valour  of  their  own 
to  be  recorded  in  poetry,  but  must  have  recourse  to 
fictitious  gods,  to  fictitious  heroes,  to  fictitious  battles, 
and  such  anachronisms  that  a  grave  Celtic  writer  would 
be  ashamed  of.  Is  it  not  agreed  upon  that  Mneas  and 
Dido,  who  Virgil  hath  brought  together,  were  really 
two  hundred  years  distant  ? 

Historians  used  to  these  kinds  of  writings  may  well 
call  poetry  fabulous  and  fictitious.  But  that  is  not  the 
case  of  the  British  bards.  Poetry  with  them  is,  and 
hath  been,  the  sacred  repository  of  the  actions  of  great 
men,  and  hath  been  always  so  from  the  most  ancient 
times,  as  the  Song  of  Moses  was,  among  the  Jews,  of 
the  defeat  of  the  Egyptians.  Taliessin's  historical  poem 
of  the  tombs  of  the  warriors  of  Britain  is  a  noble  piece 
of  history,  which  will  last  while  the  nation  has  a  being; 
but  is  exceeded  by  Gododin,  an  heroic  poem  of  Aneurin. 

Though  other  nations,  more  devoted  to  the  Greek 
and  Roman  learning,  may  call  this  way  of  thinking  a 
mark  of  Celtic  barbarity,  and  speaking  unlike  scholars, 
the  Britains  own  it  is  so  in  the  Roman  proud  manner 
of  speaking,  but  insist  that  the  assertion  is  not  founded 
on  truth  or  nature,  and  therefore  not  to  be  regarded. 


CHAP.    XXI. 


It  is  to  be  observed  that  among  the  learned  writers  of 
the  British  nation  who  have  wrote  in  Latin,  such  as 
Gildas,  Nennius,  Asserius,  Galfrid,  etc.,  not  one  of  them 
hath  mentioned  a  word  to  the  honour  of  these  Druidi- 
cal  bards,  and  of  their  manner  of  recording  historical 
facts  ;  and  scarce  a  word  of  the  D^uidical  learning,  no 


INTKODUCTION.  Ivii 

more  than  if  they  had  never  heard  of  the  Druids. 
What  could  be  the  reason  of  all  this  silence  ?  Foreign 
writers,  and  also  the  British  writers  in  their  own  native 
language,  often  mention  them  with  great  honour. 

Nis  gwyr  namyn  Dnw  a  dewinion  byd  a  diwyd  dderv^yddon. 

T)yBgogaxi  derwyddon  dewrwiad  i  esgar 

I  wisgwyd  weiniviad. — CynddeUVf  i  Ow.  Cijfeiliog, 

Dmdion  a  Veirddion 
A  fawl  neb  Dragon 
Namyn  draig  ai  dirpar.-W. 

Dywawd  derwyddon  dadeni  haelion 
O  hil  Eryron  o  Eryri, — Prydydd  Moch. 

Let  it  be  taken  notice  of  that  these  writers  in  the  Latin 
tongue  were  ecclesiastics,  and  that  their  heat  and  zeal 
against  Druidism  and  paganism  drove  them  beyond 
themselves,  for  Christianity  in  those  early  times  could 
bear  no  competition.  The  reason  is  this.  In  the  infancy 
of  Christianity  here,  the  zeal  of  the  Christians  were  so 
very  hot  that  nothing  favouring  of  paganism  was  to  be 
mentioned  publicly  without  incurring  the  displeasure  of 
the  clergy;  and  when  the  Church  of  Rome  got  the  upper 
hand  here,  then  everybody  knows  that  ignorance  was 
the  mother  of  their  devotion.  Let  the  learned  ancient 
Druids  be  ever  so  learned,  it  was  reckoned  a  sin  and  a 
scandal  for  a  clergyman  to  borrow  anything  from  them, 
for  all  Druidical  learning  was  called  vain  philosophy. 
And  is  not  this  the  cant  to  this  very  day  among  some 
kind  of  Christians  ? 

The  British  poets,  in  the  beginning  of  Christianity 
here,  were  a  class  of  people  distinct  enough  from  the 
clergy,  and  were  members  of  the  civil  power,  being 
made  use  of  by  the  ruling  princes  in  a  political  way,  as 
prophets  and  family  historians,  who  were  not  very  well 


Iviii  INTRODUCTION. 

liked  by  the  Church,  being  strongly  addicted  to  their 
ancient  customs  and  Druidical  traditions  ;  and,  indeed, 
the  poets  thought  themselves  men  of  greater  conse- 
quence, and  better  heard,  than  the  clergy ;  so  that  in 
the  very  height  of  the  Popish  power  in  Britain  we  find 
the  poets  ridiculing  the  monks  and  their  superstitions 
and  cheats  : 

Mor  fran  yr  Tsbryd  Olan. — J),  ap  Owilym. 

Owas  arall  a  ddwg  Seirioel,  etc. 
Dos  dithe  frawd  i  law  dd — 1. 

D.  ap  Owilym^  and  Co,  Dwytiwen. 

And  in  the  declension  of  the  Roman  empire,  and  before 
the  Saxons  became  Christians,  the  poets  violently  railed 
against  the  prevailing  corruptions  in  the  Church,  and 
the  idleness  of  the  clergy  : 

Gwae  offeiriaid  byd,  etc. — Taliessin, 

Bid  amlwg  marcbawc,  bid  redegawc  gorwydd, 

Bid  mab  lien  yn  chwannawc, 

Bid  aniwair  dan  eiriawc. — Llywarch  Hen, 

It  is  natural  that  a  knight  be  public  (popular), 
A  horse  swift,  a  clergyman  avaricious, 
An  unchaste  man  double-tongued. 

Now  let  us  examine  who  these  learned  British  writers 
were,  that  wrote  in  Latin  of  the  affairs  of  Britain,  and 
which  among  other  nations  are  ignorantly  called  the 
only  ancient  British  historians,  because  they  never 
heard  of  any  other.  All  these  writers  before  mentioned 
were  of  the  clergy,  not  one  layman  among  them.  What 
is  become  of  the  laymen's  writing  then  ?  Why,  they 
ai-e  in  MSS.,  in  everybody's  hands  in  Wales,  and  in 
the  works  of  their  poets,  who,  as  Di.  Siculus  owns,  were 
the  recorders  of  the  valiant  acts  of  their  countrymen. 
See  A.  Marcellinus,  Lucan,  and  Giraldus  Cambrensis, 
Wynne  s  Preface. 


INTRODUCTION.  lix 

Gildas  was  an  angry  monk  who  had  run  over  to 
Armorica  from  a  party  who  had  got  the  upper  hand  in 
Britain,  in  which  Cwstenyn,  the  reigning  Prince,  had 
killed  two  of  his  nephews,  the  sons  of  Medrawd  ;  and 
Arthur  had  killed  his  brother  Ho  wel.  Sir  J.  Pryse,  and 
Usher,  Primordia. 

Tyssilio,  son  of  Brochwel  Ysgithrog,  Prince  of  Powys, 
was  Bishop  of  Powysland ;  had  his  college  and  see  at 
Meivod,  when  his  brother  Cynan  reigned  in  Powys. 

Nennius  is  said  to  be  Abbot  of  Bangor  is  y  Coed,  and 
better  acquainted  with  monks  than  with  poets ;  for 
where  he  mentions  in  his  History  a  few  of  them,  he 
hardly  knows  their  names,  or  his  transcribers  have 
abused  him  much. 

Asserius  Menevensis,  Bishop  of  Sherborne,  and  living 
with  King  Alfred  and  his  tutor,  etc.,  nephew  to  another 
Asser,  Bishop  of  St.  David's,  hath  wrote  so  little  about 
the  Britains  that  we  can  pass  no  judgment  about  his 
knowledge  of  them,  though  it  is  probable  he  assisted 
Alfred  in  translating  and  digestiog  the  laws  of  the 
Britains,  which  he  is  said  to  have  translated. 

Galfridus  Monemuthensis  was  at  first  a  Benedictine 
monk,  afterwards  Archdeacon  of  Monmouth,  afterwards 
Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  and,  as  some  say,  Cardinal,  which 
was  a  title  common  then  in  Britain.  By  his  translation 
of  Tyssilio's  Brut  y  Brenhinoedd  out  of  the  Armorican 
British  into  the  Latin,  it  appears  that  he  was  in  a 
manner  quite  ignorant  of  the  affairs  of  the  Britains. 
He  knew  nothing  of  the  British  writers  in  the  native 
language  of  the  Britains,  or  else  he  would  never  have 
committed  such  blunders  in  his  works  as  to  turn  Llew 
ap  Cynfarch  into  Lotho,  Meuric  into  Marius,  Gwalch- 
mai  into  Walganus,  Medrawd  into  Mordredus,  Julian 


Ix  INTRODUCTION. 

into  Sulgenin,  Rhun  Baladr  Brasin  to  Rudhudibras  (as 
the  Latin  MSS.  have  it)  as  well  as  printed  copies.  If 
he  had  been  acquainted  with  the  ancient  British  writers 
he  would  have  known  that  Llew  and  Urien  and  Aron 
were  sons  of  Cynfarch  Hen  o'r  Gogledd  ;  and  Lly  warch 
Hen,  who  was  cotemporary  with  these  three  brothers, 
would  have  set  him  right,  whose  works  we  have  extant. 
Besides  the  gaps  which  Galfrid  hath  left  in  the  His- 
tory, which  he  might  have  filled  up  out  of  the  British 
writers,  if  he  had  known  anything  of  them,  it  is  a  weak 
thing  to  say  that  the  Britains  had  no  poetical  or  histo- 
rical writings  among  them,  because  that  an  Archdeacon 
of  Monmouth  or  a  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph  knew  nothing 
of  them. 


CHAP.   XXII. 

Now  we  have  taken  a  short  view  of  these  writers  com- 
monly known  by  the  name  of  British  historians,  and  we 
find  them  all  ecclesiastics,  people  who  had  then  an 
utter  aversion  to  our  poets  and  writers  in  our  native 
language,  and  therefore  it  was  their  principle  not  to 
have  any  intercourse  with  them  and  their  writings. 

It  will  be  allowed  that  the  knowledge  of  books,  and 
consequently  histories,  is  more  universal  now,  since  the 
invention  of  printing,  than  it  was  when  Galfrid  trans- 
lated the  British  History  into  Latin  at  the  request  of 
Walter  Calenus,  an  Archdeacon  of  Oxford.  Would  it 
be  any  wonder  if  even  now,  in  our  illuminated  age, 
when  everybody  almost  is  a  philosopher  and  an  histo- 
rian, an  Archdeacon  of  Oxford  should  give  an  Arch- 
deacon of  Bangor  or  St.  Asaph  a  Welsh  history  out  of 
the  Bodleian  Library,  for  such  there  are,  to  be  trans- 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixi 

lated  into  Latin,  and  that  it  should  happen  that  the 
Welsh  archdeacon  should  make  a  bungling  piece  of 
work  of  it  ?  having  never  seen  so  much  as  an  ancient 
manuscript  in  his  mother's  tongue,  or  looked  into  its 
antiquities,  and  being  only  what  we  call  Latin  and 
Greek,  a  mere  scholar. 

Doth  his  ignorance  prove  there  are  no  ancient  manu- 
scripts in  Wales  ?  But  this  is  the  logic  made  use  of 
by  the  opposers  of  the  British  History.  If  there  had 
been,  say  they,  such  MSS.  in  being,  Gildas,  Tyssilio, 
Nennius,  Bede,  etc.,  would  have  made  mention  of  them. 
And  my  logic  is  the  direct  contrary  ;  and  to  me  it  is 
plain  that  if  every  layman's  house  in  Wales,  in  those 
days,  abounded  with  such  manuscripts,  and  every 
parish  with  poets,  these  imperious  clergymen,  bishops, 
abbots,  and  monks,  would  not  have  vouchsafed  to  take 
notice  of  them.  The  Latin  tongue  was  their  idol,  which 
had  remained  here  as  a  relic  of  the  Boman  imperial 
government,  and  was  afterwards  a  great  means  to  help 
to  introduce  the  Boman  papistical  government  here. 
Is  it  not  as  possible  to  suppose  an  Abbot  of  Bangor  in 
those  days  ignorant  of  the  Welsh  tongue,  as  it  is  now 
a  Welsh  Bishop  ? 

Everybody  that  hath  read  Mr.  Edw.  Llwyd's  Arch. 
Brit,  knows  that  he  hath  been  indefatigable  in  search- 
ing for  ancient  British  MSS.,  and  yet  I  know  of  great 
numbers  in  Wales  that  he  never  saw  or  heard  of,  and 
several  that  I  have  in  my  own  possession ;  nay,  even 
the  copy  of  the  Triades  which  he  made  use  of  was  but 
an  incorrect  one,  and  had  not  been  compared  with  the 
various  genuine  copies  which  the  great  antiquary, 
Mr.  R.  Vaughan,  had  in  his  possession ;  and  this  hath 
led  Mr.  Llwyd  astray  in  his  etymological  guesses,  who. 


Ixii  INTRODUCTION. 

by  the  strength  of  a  pregnant  wit  and  a  great  know- 
ledge of  languages,  hath  overrun  the  bounds  of  the 
Celtic  tongue  as  it  had  been  settled  by  the  British 
bards,  and  wrested  abundance  of  words  to  please  his 
own  luxurious  fancy.  Yet  I  am  far  from  despising 
Mr.  Llwyd's  works  :  they  are  great  and  surprising. 
But  it  is  pity  that  he  was  not  better  acquainted  with 
the  writings  of  our  bards,  which  could  not  be  without 
being  himself  acquainted  with  the  rules  of  the  British 
poetry,  which  he  was  not,  as  shall  be  shown  in  its  pro- 
per place.  He  had  also  the  misfortune  of  being  cotem- 
porary  with  other  great  men  of  the  same  way  of  think- 
ing with  himself,  which  was  a  great  help  to  lead  him 
astray,  viz.,  Mr.  Pezron,  Abbot  of  Chennay  in  Little 
Britain  in  France,  author  of  the  Antiquities  of  Nations ; 
Mr.  Baxter,  Master  of  the  Mercers  School  in  London, 
author  of  the  Glossography ;  and  Mr.  Rowlands  of 
Anglesey,  author  of  the  Mona  Antiqua :  three  persons 
of  extraordinary  talents,  and  of  very  extensive  know- 
ledge in  languages,  and  of  fine  heads  for  etymologizing. 
But  Mr.  Baxter  and  Mr.  Rowlands,  giving  a  loose  to 
their  fancies,  and  not  observing  the  same  caution  with 
Monsr.  Pezron,  lost  themselves  in  a  fog.  Mr.  Pezron's 
guesses  were  at  first  privately  weighed  with  the  author- 
ities  of  ancient  authors,  and  then  artfully  produced  as 
mere  guesses  and  probabilities  ;  and  all  of  a  sudden  he 
throws  upon  you  a  heap  of  ancient  authorities  to  back 
his  reasonings.  But  the  others,  not  aware  of  this  art, 
have  ingeniously  enough  followed  his  method  of  guess- 
ing, but  want  ancient  authorities  to  back  them. 

It  is  not  a  great  knowledge  in  modem  languages 
(which  may  swell  a  man  up  with  pride  and  self- 
sufficiency)  that  will  make  a  man  master  of  the  Celtic 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixiii 

tongue  and  its  branches  and  antiquities,  but  it  must  be 
a  great  knowledge  in  the  Celtic  writers.  A  man  that 
applies  himself  to  study  the  Hebrew  or  Chaldean  will 
find  very  little  help,  or  none  at  all,  from  his  knowledge 
in  the  French,  Spanish,  Portuguese,  Italian,  or  the 
school  languages,  the  Latin  and  Greek.  The  Hebrew 
hath  nothing  to  do  with  them,  no  more  than  the  Celtic 
hath.  He  that  would  be  master  of  the  Celtic  tongue, 
and  capable  of  finding  the  etymology  of  it,  and  of  its 
curious  structure,  should  be  acquainted  with  Aneuryn 
Wawdrydd  and  Bardd  Glas  o'r  Gadair,  Cynddelw 
Brydydd  Mawr,  Taliessin,  etc.,  rather  than  with  Homer, 
Virgil,  Tasso,  or  Milton,  etc. 

Mr.  Baxter  says  that  in  the  Celtic,  pend  and  cond 
signified  a  head ;  but  there  is  no  man,  living  or  dead, 
besides  himself  that  says  so.  Mr.  Rowlands  says  that 
the  Ferry  of  Porthaethwy,  the  passage  over  Menai  to 
Anglesey,  was  called  so,  q.  d.  Porth-aeth-hwy,  i.e.,  as 
he  explains  it,  the  port  which  they  passed;  but  the 
words  will  neither  bear  that  signification  in  the  British, 
nor  doth  any  ancient  author  back  it,  or  is  there  any 
case  parallel  to  it.  Aeth  and  hivy  do  not  agree  in  con- 
struction, and  will  not  do  at  all.  If  he  had  considered 
that  the  name  of  the  commot  adjoining  to  this  Ferry  is 
Dindaethvyify  or  Tindaethwy,  which  is  plainly  Daethwy's 
Fort,  he  would  have  looked  out  for  the  ruins  of  that 
fort  in  that  commot,  and  would  probably  have  found  it 
near  this  ferry  or  passage,  which  took  its  name,  beyond 
all  doubt,  from  the  same  person,  Daethtvy,  and  the  fort 
he  had  here ;  consequently  the  name  of  the  Ferry  should 
be  wrote  Perth  Ddaethwy,  i.e.,  Daethwy's  Passage  or 
Port.     See  Mabinogi  Bran  ap. . . . 

Cynhaethwy  ap  Herbert  ap  Godwin  larll  Cerny w  a 
Dyfneint. — Llyfr  Achau. 


Ixiv  INTRODUCTION. 


CHAP.   XXIII. 

The  better  to  understand  the  reason  of  the  difference 
between  the  real  Celtic  names,  and  the  same  names  in 
Roman  authors,  you  are  to  consider  that  the  Roman 
writers  made  it  a  general  rule  to  soften  the  harsh  names 
of  the  towns  and  countries,  etc.,  of  the  nations  con- 
quered by  them,  as  appears  by  Pliny  Junior  s  letter  to 
Caninius  (L.  8,  Ep.  4.) :  "  Some  little  trouble,  too,  you 
will  find  is  to  soften  the  names  of  these  barbarous 
people,  and  particularly  of  their  towns,  so  as  they  shall 
not  shock  our  ears  when  they  come  into  verse.  But 
there  is  nothing  so  harsh  and  dissonant  but  what  may 
be  made  harmonious,  or  at  least  tolerable,  with  a  little 
care  and  alteration.  Besides,  if  it  were  lawful  for 
Homer  to  contract,  to  extend,  and  to  turn  words  (even 
of  Grecian  extraction),  for  the  better  cadence  of  his 
verse,  why  should  not  the  same  privilege  be  allowed 
you,  especially  since  it  is  not  affected  but  necessary  ?" 
What  truth  can  we  expect,  then,  in  Roman  writers  in 
relation  to  names  ?  And  what  have  we  to  trust  to  but 
our  own  ancient  writers,  who  made  it  the  greatest 
crime  to  alter  their  language  or  names?  There  was 
something  of  this  temper  among  the  Gauls  (French) 
even  as  low  down  as  the  time  of  Montaigne ;  and  it 
may  not  be  amiss  to  set  down  that  ingenious  man's 
opinion  of  this  affair,  as  few  men  understood  mankind 
better  than  he.  (Mont.,  L.  1,  c.  46.)  A  gentleman,  a 
neighbour  of  mine  (says  he),  a  great  admirer  of  anti- 
quity, and  who  was  always  preferring  the  excellency  of 


INTRODUCTION.  bcv 

preceding  times  m  comparison  with  this  present  age  of 
ours,  did  not,  among  the  rest,  forget  to  magnify  the 
lofty  and  magnificent  sounds  of  the  gentlemen's  names 
of  those  days.  Don  Grumedan,  Quadregan,  Angelisan, 
etc.,  which  but  to  hear  named  he  perceived  to  be  other 
kind  of  men  than  Pierre,  GuiUot,  and  Michel. 

I  am  mightily  pleased  with  Jaques  Amiot  for  leaving 
throughout  a  whole  French  oration  the  Latin  names 
entire,  without  varying  and  dissecting  them  to  give 
them  a  French  termination.  It  seemed  a  little  harsh 
and  rough  at  first;  but  already  custom,  by  the  authority 
of  Plutarch,  whom  he  took  for  an  example,  hath  over- 
come that  novelty. 

I  have  often  wished  that  such  as  write  chronicle  his- 
tories in  Latin  would  leave  our  names  as  they  find 
them,  and  as  they  are  and  ought  to  be ;  for  in  making 
Yaudemont  Valemontance,  and  metamorphosing  names 
to  make  them  suit  better  with  the  Greek  or  Latin,  we 
know  not  where  we  are,  and  vrith  the  persons  of  the 
men  lose  the  benefit  of  the  story. 

To  conclude.  It  is  a  scurvy  custom,  and  of  very  ill 
consequence,  that  we  have  in  our  kingdom  of  France  to 
call  every  one  by  the  name  of  his  manner  or  segneury, 
and  the  thing  in  the  world  that  doth  the  most  pre- 
judice, and  confound  families  and  descents.  So  far 
Montaigne. 

Leland,  the  great  oracle  of  antiquity  among  the  Eng- 
lish, by  his  not  being  able  to  find  any  writings  of  lay- 
men in  his  search,  concludes  that  there  was  very  little 
learning  in  Britain  after  the  Saxon  conquest  of  Loegria, 
except  among  the  monks.  He  searched  among  the 
monasteries,  and  knew  nothing  of  our  writers  in  the 
British  tongue ;  but  we  that  are  acquainted  with  the 


Ixvi  INTRODUCTION. 

British  writers  (who  affected  to  write  in  their  own  lan- 
guage, and  took  a  pride  in  it),  insist  that  the  British 
tongue  never  was  wrote  in  greater  perfection  than  a 
little  before  and  a  little  after  the  Norman  conquest, 
which  shews  that  the  learning  then  in  vogue  among 
the  Britains  was  the  studying  and  polishing  of  their 
own  language  ;  and  in  that  language  their  antiquities 
and  history  must  be  searched  for,  and  not  in  what  Mr. 
Leland  and  others  call  the  learned  lancfuagfes. 

It  will  be  again  objected,  and  it  is  fe^weU  known 
to  be  true,  that  the  lives  of  the  saints  of  Britain  and 
Ireland  are  more  stuffed  with  incredible  miracles  than 
any  other  nation  on  earth,  and  that  even  Bollandus, 
Baronius  (see  Fleetwood's  Pre/.),  and  the  greatest 
sticklers  for  the  miracles  of  the  Church  of  Rome,  are 
even  ashamed  of  them ;  and,  indeed,  nothing  can  come 
up  with  the  many  men's  heads  which  St.  Beuno  hath 
set  on,  which  had  been  cut  clean  off;  St.  Ffred's  eye 
dropping  out,  and  put  in  again  ;  and  abundance  of  the 
like  absurdities.  So  that  it  is  concluded  that  either  the 
nation  must  be  very  silly  that  could  swallow  this  kind 
of  cookery,  or  the  writers  very  ignorant  that  prepared 
it  for  them  ;  and  therefore  it  may  be  probable  the  his- 
torians and  poets  of  the  same  nations  may  be  guilty  of 
the  same  foibles  as  the  writers  of  the  lives  of  their 
saints  are. 

The  first  part  of  this  charge  is  too  true ;  but  if  you 
consider  that  neither  poets  nor  any  lay  historians  had 
any  hand  in  writing  these  lives  of  the  saints,  and  that 
they  were  the  entire  production  of  monks,  who  wrote 
them  with  a  view  of  bringing  a  grist  to  their  own  mill 
in  the  monastery,  the  bards  will  be  acquitted,  who  for 
the  most  part  not  only  despised  these  pretended  mrta- 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixvii 

cles,  but  exposed  them  in  verse.  And  if  our  British 
monks  have  had  a  more  fertile  invention  in  writing 
these  miracles  than  other  dull  nations,  it  only  shews 
they  were  greater  masters  of  their  trade,  and  it  is  pity 
their  talents  were  not  better  employed.  I  own  these 
monks  and  abbots,  by  means  of  keeping  plentiful  tables 
and  ceUara,  have  found  some  poor,  wandering  poets 
that  for  the  sake  of  their  bellies  have  put  some  of  these 
contrived  legends,  or  lives  of  the  saints,  in  good  verse, 
which  became  a  means  of  making  them  public;  but 
these  are  but  a  few,  and  modern. 

There  was,  in  D.  ap  Gwilym's  time,  about  a.d.  1390,  a 
vast  concourse  from  all  parts  of  Wales  to  the  Monastery 
of  St.  Dwynwen  in  Anglesey,  now  called  Llanddwyn, 
in  ruins.  Here  were  their  constant  waxlights  kept  at 
the  tomb  of  this  virgin  saint,  where  all  persons  in  love 
applied  for  remedy,  and  which  brought  vast  profit  to 
the  monks ;  and  Dwynwen  was  as  famous  among  the 
Britains,  in  aflfairs  of  love,  as  Venus  ever  was  among 
the  Greeks  and  Romans.  But  David  ap  Gwilym's 
ludicrous  manner  of  applying  to  this  saint  for  relief, 
and  his  publishing  it  in  a  poem  which  is  in  everybody's 
hands,  shews  how  slightly  the  poets  made  of  these  reli-. 
gioua  cheats  : 

**  Dear  St  Dwynwen  (says  he),  by  your  virginity  I 
beg  of  you,  and  by  the  soul  of  your  great  father  Bry- 
chan,  send  this  girl  to  meet  me  in  the  grove.  You  are 
in  Heaven.  God  will  not  be  angry  with  you  for  it,  nor 
turn  you  out,  for  he  will  not  undo  what  he  hath 
done",  etc. 

Another  poet,  describing  the  craft  of  the  monks  in 
carrying  little  images  about,  and  exchanging  them  for 
provision,  etc.,  says  : 


Ixviii  INTRODUCTION. 

Un  a  arwain  yn  oriog 
Gnrig  Iwyd  dan  gwr  ei  glog ; 
Gwas  arall  a  ddwg  Seirioel 
A  naw  o  gaws  yn  ei  goel ; 
Drwy  nndeb  erchi  i'r  Drindawd 
Cnnf  o  wlan  accw  nen  flawd. 

One  carries  the  greyheaded  Cyricus  under  his  cloak ; 
another  carries  St.  Seiriol  with  nine  cheeses  in  his  arms, 
and  so  exchange  them  for  wool  and  flour.  The  image 
of  St.  Seiriol  was  to  help  the  farmer  to  make  more 
cheese,  etc. 


CHAP.   XXIV. 


That  the  proof  of  the  pronunciation  of  words  in  the  present 
welsh,  or  ancient  british  tongue,  is  such  that  no  language 
in  the  world  can  shew  the  like,  and  that  it  is  stronger 
than  ant  other  proofs  of  writings,  inscriptions,  or  coins. 

It  will  be  naturally  asked  by  persons  unacquainted 
with  the  language  and  antiquities  of  the  ancient  Britains 
and  Celtse,  How  comes  it  that  we  can  be  now  sure 
that  such  and  such  words  were  pronounced  anciently 
after  such  a  manner  as  we  now  positively  assert  them 
to  be,  and  that  even  a  letter  can  hardly  be  altered  in 
the  Welsh  language  ?  This  is  a  thing  never  heard  of 
in  any  other  language  in  the  world,  and  seems  a  para- 
dox which  requires  explanation.  If  this  is  so,  it  is  no 
wonder  the  British  tongue  hath  lasted  so  long,  or  that 
it  will  last  for  ever,  and  is,  as  Camden  owns,  pure  and 
unmixed,  and  extremely  ancient  (Camden,  Names  of 
Britain) ;  for  that  such  authority  is  greater  and  stronger 
than  any  ancient  inscriptions,  in  which  there  may  be  a 
mistake  of  the  stonecutter,  or  from  the  whims  and 
fancies  of  alteration.    The  Greek  and  Roman  languages 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixix 

can  shew  no  such  security  for  their  pronunciations  ; 
and  if  it  was  not  for  some  ancient  inscriptions  and 
coins,  we  should  hardly  know  anything  of  their  ancient 
manner  of  writing,  which  yet  proves  nothing  in  regard 
to  their  pronunciation.  In  the  ancient  monumental 
pillar  of  Duillius,  the  Roman  admiral  that  defeated  the 
Carthaginians,  we  have  "  Lecio  pugnandod,  exfociont", 
eta,  for  "Legio  pugnando,  effugiunt",  etc.;  "/n  altod 
maria  pugnandod'\  for  "/n  aUo  mari  pugjiando". 

How  can  it  be  proved  that  the  ancient  Romans,  who 
writ  "  Piuna  Carthaio",  etc.,  pronounced  "  Pugna''  and 
*' Carthago"?  It  will  be  answered  that  they  had  no  g 
at  that  time ;  but  as  soon  as  they  took  the  letter  g  into 
their  alphabet,  they  wrote  "  Pugna"  and  "  Carthago", 
and  did  not  continue  the  c.  This  only  proves  that 
about  the  second  Punic  war,  the  time  they  took  the 
letter  g  in,  they  softened  and  refined  their  language 
from  c  into  gr. 

All  ancient  nations  originally  aflfected  the  hard  let- 
ters, pf  c,  cA,  or  aj,  t,ff,  rh,  as  well  as  the  Romans ;  but 
the  Britains  in  their  language,  now  called  Welsh  (the 
principal  remains  of  the  Celtic  tongue),  can  prove,  from 
the  very  nature  and  structure  of  their  language,  and 
their  ancient  rules  of  poetry,  that  unless  the  whole  lan- 
guage is  demolished  and  framed  anew,  it  is  impossible 
for  any  word  by  the  ancient  poets  to  be  pronounced 
otherwise  than  it  is  at  this  day,  and  that  not  even  a 
letter  or  a  sound  could  be  changed  in  those  words. 
What  a  glorious  thing  this  would  have  been  if  it  had 
been  found  in  the  Greek  and  Latin  tongues  I  If  Homer 
and  Virgil's  works  could  have  been  so  well  fortified 
from  attacks.  But  it  is  so  far  to  the  contrary  that  there 
is  hardly  a  verse  in  Virgil  but  hath  a  different  reading 


IxX  INTRODUCTION. 

in  different  copies,  or  hardly  a  word  in  the  Latin  tongue 
whose  use  can  be  proved  to  be  as  ancient  as  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Roman  nation.  It  is  owned  that  the  Laws 
of  the  Twelve  Tables  were  not  understood  in  the  time 
of  Cicero.  (See  Festus's  Verbor.  Siffnific.,  with  Scali- 
ger's  notes.     Amst.,  1699.) 

It  will  be  again  objected,  how  can  it  be  proved  that 
these  rules  in  the  British  poetry  have  been  always  laws 
to  that  language  ?  In  answer  we  say  that  these  rules 
and  poetry  seem  to  be  near  as  old  as  the  language  itself, 
being  beyond  all  history  or  tradition, — the  greatest 
mark  of  antiquity,  as  it  is  said,  of  the  Egyptian  Pyra- 
mids. The  historians  of  all  nations  of  Europe  mention 
the  Druidical  institutions  among  the  Celtae,  and  that 
the  bards  were  a  branch  of  them  ;  but  none  pretend  to 
say  when  they  begun,  but  suppose  the  institution 
patriarchal.  In  the  time  of  the  Druidical  government 
in  Britain  and  Gaul  it  cannot  be  supposed  that  those 
strict  people  would  suffer  any  innovation  in  the  rules  of 
their  bards,  when  once  settled,  being  a  branch  of  their 
religion,  and  we  read  of  none.  When  that  order  was 
abrogated,  after  the  coming  in  of  Christianity,  their  art 
of  poetry  was  handed  down  to  their  children  as  being 
of  use  to  the  Christian  princes  as  weU  as  in  the  times 
of  Druidism ;  and  the  art  and  its  professors  have 
always,  from  time  to  time,  been  looked  upon  as  sacred, 
and  the  name  poet  or  bard  was  synonymous  to  a  pro- 
phet, to  which  gift  all  the  ancient  poets  pretended  ; 
and  by  that  means  the  bards  were  not  less  useful  to 
Christian  kings,  to  help  to  govern  the  people,  than, 
they  were  in  the  time  of  the  ancient  Druidical  govern- 
ment, as  appears  by  their  prophecies  extant,  which  pro- 
bably are  all  political. 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxi 

It  must  be  confessed  that  these  strict  rules  in  the 
British  poetry  have  so  cramped  the  poets  that  no  great 
performances,  in  the  nature  of  long  heroic  poems,  was 
ever  attempted  by  them  in  their  fettered  way  of  writ- 
ing ;  but  it  had  one  good  effect.  Besides  saving  the 
language,  these  excessive,  strict  rules  prevented  men  of 
slow  or  weak  parts  from  meddling  with  this  difficult  as 
well  as  sacred  vocation ;  for  he  must  be  a  person  of  vast 
knowledge  in  the  language,  and  of  excellent  parts,  or 
else  of  indefatigable  industry  (besides  being  bom  with 
a  poetical  genius),  that  could  make  any  tolerable  figure 
in  the  British  poetry.  If  such  unqualified  persons 
attempted  it,  their  works  were  not  like  to  be  regarded 
even  by  shepherds  or  the  meanest  of  the  people ;  for 
there  is  something  in  the  texture  or  genius  of  the  lan- 
guage which  will  admit  of  nothing  to  be  called  poetry, 
even  among  the  vulgar,  except  it  agrees  with  the  old 
rules  of  this,  which,  as  it  were,  naturally  please  the 
people,  having,  as  it  were,  grown  up  with  the  language. 

Now  to  come  to  the  proof  of  what  we  have  been 
stating  here.  Let  lis  suppose  that  the  word  Conwy ^  the 
name  of  a  river  and  town  in  Carnarvonshire,  was  to  be 
disputed  whether  the  Britains  wrote  it  Cynwy,  as  Mr. 
Ed.  Llwyd  {Notes  on  Camdeny  Carnarvonshire)  would 
have  it ;  or  Condui,  as  Mr.  Baxter,  with  his  intolerable 
whims,  has  it ;  or  Conwey  or  Conway y  as  the  modem 
English  write  it  ;*  or  Conovium,  as  Antoninus  has  it ; 
or  Coisohius,  as  Ptolemy,  which  Camden  makes  to  be 
Conohius;  or  Conwy y  as  the  natives  write  it  and  pro- 
nounce it,  who  call  the  town  and  the  entrance  of  the 
harbour  Aberconwy,  the  fall  of  Conwy  into  the  sea. 

1  Or  Gonuhioy  as  Mr.  Baxter  (anonym.  MS.)  has  it ;  or  Novius,  as 
Mr.  Camden,  from 


Ixxii  INTRODUCTION. 

It  would  take  too  much  time^  and  would  be  unneces- 
saiy,  to  explain  these  bards'  rules  at  length  in  this 
place,  for  it  would  be  writing  a  book  ;  therefore  in  the 
quotations  I  shall  make  here  out  of  the  poets,  it  will  be 
enough  to  point  out,  in  italic,  how  those  rules  require 
such  and  such  consonants  and  such  and  such  vowels  to 
be  in  the  diflferent  parts  of  the  verse.  First,  let  the  let- 
ters in  the  word  Conwy  be  numbered. 

12345 

Gonwy 

One  of  our  poets,  in  his  metamorphosis  of  a  fair  lady 
into  an  owl,  takes  occasion  to  name  this  river  : 

Gwdion  mab  Don  ar  Gonwy 

Hudlath  ni  ba  o*i  fath  ftvy. — D.  op  QwUym,  a.d.  1400. 

Here  the  first  line  proves  the  second  and  third  letters ; 
and  the  rhyme  in  the  second  line,  compared  with  the 
first,  proves  the  fourth  and  fifth  letters.  Now  there 
remains  only  the  letter  c  to  be  proved,  which  in  flexions 
turns  to  g,  as  in  the  above,  as  every  one  the  least 
versed  in  the  British  tongue  knows.  As  I  have  no  very 
ancient  MSS.  now  by  me,  where  I  write  this,  I  must 
be  contented,  in  this  example,  with  those  passages  out 
of  poets  who  wrote  no  further  off  than  about  three 
hundred  or  four  hundred  years  ago,  which  I  can  recol- 
lect in  my  memory  : 

Y  caw»  ar  Ian  Conwy'r  wledd. — T.  Aled. 

In  this  verse  not  only  the  letter  c  is  proved,  but  also 
the  letter  n,  as  also  in  the  following : 

Nan  Convrj  man  caw»  y  medd. 

What  other  nation  can  do  this  ? 

In  all  hypotheses  where  no-  records,  or  traditions,  or 
marks,  or  traces  of  the  memory,  of  the  facts  are  pre- 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixx  III 

tended,  disproving  by  denying  is  aa  easily  done  as 
proving  by  asserting  only.  But  any  kind  of  national 
records  or  traditions  are  beyond  all  guesses. 

Common  sense  is  the  growth  of  every  country.  Where 
there  are  ancient  MSS.  and  the  works  of  poets  and 
historians  to  shew  in  a  nation,  it  is  ridiculous  for  any 
man,  though  of  the  highest  character  in  the  learned 
world,  to  advance  his  own  guesses  about  the  language 
or  the  history  against  the  national  authorities  received 
time  out  of  mind.  If  he  doth,  he  will  be  only  laughed 
at  by  the  natives,  and  he  will  repent  it.  Therefore,  if 
there  be  such  authorities,  they  should  have  their  due 
weight. 

As  I  have  above  proved,  in  the  above  example,  that 
our  poets,  who  had  it  by  tradition  from  father  to  son, 
for  time  immemorial,  and  probably  since  they  were 
planted  here,  called  the  river  Conwy;  and  that  accord- 
ing to  the  rules  of  the  bards  it  could  not  be  since  called 
otherwise,  nor  a  letter  changed  in  it,  without  altering 
the  whole  language,  and  that  every  name  and  word  in 
the  British  tongue  is  upon  the  same  footing  of  security, 
as  is  easily  seen  by  observing  the  proofs  or  quotations 
out  of  the  poets  in  the  learned  Dr.  Davies'  Dictionary. 
It  remains,  then,  on  such  as  pretend  to  wrest  the 
British  names  of  places,  and  play  them  through  all  the 
vowels  (to  serve  a  scheme  of  etymologising),  to  shew 
that  the  poets  or  anybody  else  have  ever  wrote  those 
words  as  they  would  have  it,  or  to  bring  some  authority 
equivalent  to  this  of  the  poets,  if  there  be  any  such  in 
the  world,  and  not  with  a  magisterial  air  pronounce 
things  to  be  as  their  fancy  suggests  to  them. 

Mr.  Baxter,  indeed,  might  be  ignorant  that  there 
were  such  rules  of  the  bards  existing,  for  it  is  plain  he 


Ixx  i  V  INTRODUCTION. 

knew  nothing  of  our  antiquities  except  what  he  picked 
out  of  Llwyds  ArchcBologia,  with  whom  he  corre- 
sponded, and  who  he  in  a  great  measure  corrupted 
with  his  odd  whims.  But  Mr.  Uwyd  knew  there  were 
such  rules,  though  he  knew  not  how  to  apply  them,  as 
plainly  appears  to  any  one  that  hath  read  his  British 
elegy  on  the  death  of  Queen  Mary,  printed  at  Oxford, 
and  also  the  Englyn  about  Bhossyr,  in  his  Notes  on 
Camden^ s  Anglesey,  which  doth  him  as  little  honour  as 
the  attempt  the  great  Cicero  made  to  be  a  poet. 

When  a  word  is  wrote  differently  by  the  poets,  as 
suppose  Brodorddin  for  example,  it  shews  they  knew 
not  the  etymology  of  it,  or  that  some  particular  authors 
disputed  it ;  for  that  word  is  wrote  Brodorddun  and 
Brodorddyn  as  well  as  Brodorddin;  and  so  of  some 
others,  which  may  be  modern  names  and  places  of  so 
little  note  as  to  be  scarcely  mentioned  by  our  bards. 

In  derivation  of  names  I  have  set  down  Mr.  Ed. 
Llwyd  s  etymologies  in  his  ArchcBologia  for  such  as  he 
hath  touched  upon,  and  where  I  differ  from  him  have 
given  my  reasons.  As  for  the  derivations  of  authors 
who  were  strangers  to  our  language,  I  need  say  no 
more  than  that  they  groped  in  the  dark,  and  are  not 
worth  the  trouble  of  confuting.  My  own  etymologies 
I  offer  to  the  world  not -always  as  certainties,  but  pro- 
babilities, on  such  proofs  as  I  produce,  which  any  one 
skilled  in  the  language  is  welcome  to  disprove,  if  he 
can,  with  better  authorities  than  I  produce ;  which  I 
shall  be  glad  to  see,  and  that  this  study  of  retrieving 
antiquities  out  of  the  dust  is  revived. 

How  ridiculous,  in  the  eyes  of  an  Englishman  or 
Cambro-Britain,  doth  Goropius  look,  that  derives  the 
word  Angli  (English)  from  the  English  nation's  being 


INTRODUCTION.  IxXV 

good  anglers  ;  and  that  the  British  name  Howel  is 
derived  from  sound  or  whole  ?  One  would  think  that 
it  would  be  impossible  for  a  man  of  letters  to  be  so 
ignorant  as  not  to  know  that  whole  is  a  mere  English 
or  Teutonic  word, — a  language  he  was  master  of ;  and 
that  Howel  (or,  as  it  should  be  wrote,  Hywel)  is  a 
British  name  in  use  among  the  Britains  before  the 
arrival  of  the  Saxons  in  Britain ;  and  yet  this  Goropius 
was  a  man  learned  in  languages,  and  physician  to  the 
Queens  of  France  and  Hungary ;  therefore  I  have  the 
charity  to  think  that  this  great  man  was  not  in  earnest, 
and  only  shewed  his  wit  in  these  flashes  ;  as,  perhaps, 
may  be  the  case  of  Camden  when  he  offers  to  explain 
some  British  words,  being  a  kind  of  itch  of  playing  with 
words,  and  to  shew  great  reading. 


CHAP.   XXV. 


A  CAVEAT  to  English  readers  who  are  unacquainted 
with  the  pronunciation  of  the  Cambro-British  alphabet. 
Let  them  remember  that  in  British,  c  is  before  all  the 
vowels  sounded  as  a  ^,  and  never  as  the  English  c  before 
i  and  e  in  the  words  civet,  cerate,  source,  etc.,  and  it  is 
pity  Dr.  Davies  did  not  retain  it;  and  that  II  is  sounded 
after  a  manner  peculiar  to  the  Welsh,  being  an  I  aspir- 
ated something  like  thl ;  so  that  the  word  llan  sounds 
something  like  thlan,  or  between  that  and  clan.  Let 
it  be  also  remembered  that  in  the  British  there  are  no 
such  sounds  as  the  letter  g  makes  in  the  English  George, 
nor  ch  in  the  English  church,  or  that  j  makes  in  the 
English  jerk,  jilt ;  and  that  these  are  mere  Teutonic 
sounds,  and  never  used  by  the  Celtse.     But  it  is  pro- 


Ixxvi  INTRODUCTION. 

bable  the  Roman  language  had  this  sound  of  ^',  which 
they  expressed  at  first  by  j,  and  afterwards  by  gi,  as 
that  ancient  name  of  the  Celtic  British  King  Beli  was 
Latinised  by  them  into  Beljus,  and  lastly  into  Belgius ; 
but  foolishly,  by  succeeding  Latin  writers  and  our 
modems,  without  rule  or  reason,  turned  into  Belinus. 

The  British  ch  also  hath  a  sound  which  is  not  at  pre- 
sent used  in  the  English,  though  the  old  Saxon  and 
other  branches  of  the  Teutonic  had  it,  as  had  also  the 
Greek  and  Hebrew.  Gh  in  the  word  lough,  for  a  lake, 
sounds  something  like  it,  as  doth  wh  in  the  words  why, 
where,  when,  etc.,  if  strongly  pronounced. 

The  British  i  is  always  pronounced  as  ee  in  bleed  and 
in  gill.  A  is  always  broad  and  gaping,  as  in  the  English 
par,  car;  dd,  always  as  ih  in  the,  this,  etc.;  f,  never  as 
the  ^English  in  jfit,  but  as  a  t;  in  veal ;  g,  never  as  in 
English  before  e  and  i,  but  always  hard,  as  in  God,  gad, 
gun ;  t,  never  as  an  5,  as  in  action,  but  always  a  hard 
t,  as  in  tar,  tin,  heart. 

It  will  be  objected  that  the  division  said  to  be  made 
by  Rhodri  Mawr  between  his  three  sons,  or  some  divi- 
sion  equivalent  to  it,  had  been  from  ancient  times  ;  for 
when  the  Romans  found  us,  the  people  of  Cambria 
were  divided  into  three  distinct  people,  the  Silures,  the 
DimetsB,  and  the  Ordovices ;  that  it  hath  been  after- 
wards in  four  parts,  Deheubarth,  Dyfed,  Gwynedd, 
a  Phowys.  So  that  Rhodri  only  joined  Dyfed  and 
Deheubarth  in  one  dominion  called  Dinefwr,  and  let 
Gwynedd  and  Powys  rest  as  they  were. 

The  fault  of  the  plan  of  Rhodri  Mawr  was  this.  He 
made  Dinefwr  and  Powys  tributary  to  Gwynedd,  when 
at  the  same  time  he  knew  that  those  two  powers  join- 
ing to  refuse  payment  and  subjection,  would  be  rather 


INTRODUCTION.  IxXVll 

too  hard  for  Gwynedd.  This  was  a  bone  of  contention. 
This  was  not  the  case  when  these  petty  principalities 
were  tributary  to  the  crown  of  London  (which  they 
always  have  been  as  far  as  the  British  history  reaches 
till  the  Saxon  conquest),  for  the  Loegrian  power  was 
able  at  any  time  to  quell  any  rebellion  or  disputes  among 
them,  before  the  Roman  conquest,  and  after  the  Romans 
left  us,  while  the  Loegrian  Britains  governed,  and  until 
they,  idiot-like,  called  in  the  Saxons,  and  gave  away 
their  country  and  dominion.  For  in  the  time  of  the 
ancient  Britains,  before  the  Roman  conquest,  this  island 
was  a  commonwealth  of  free  princes,  as  Germany  is 
now,  but  yet  all  holding  of  the  Loegrian  crown.  But 
when  the  Saxons,  who  were  strangers,  came  to  wear 
that  principal  crown,  and  to  be  masters  of  that  Loegr- 
ian power,  the  tributary  native  princes  of  the  Britains 
refused  to  obey  the  strangers;  and  in  good  policy 
should  have  joined  all  under  one  head  instead  of  divid- 
ing their  powers,  and  falling  by  the  ears  among  them- 
selves. 

Here  Providence  has  wonderfully  interposed,  and  by 
the  ruin  of  the  old  British  constitution  saved  the  re- 
mains of  the  Britains,  and  made  them  a  most  happy 
people,  if  peace  and  quietness  and  freedom  be  a  happi- 
ness ;  for  now,  in  our  days,  the  English  not  only  fight 
and  pray  for  them,  but  also  go  to  market  for  them.  It 
was  the  ancient  policy  of  the  English,  and  a  very  just, 
sensible  maxim  of  maintaining  power,  not  to  levy  sol- 
diers among  them,  that  their  military  spirit  might  be 
broke  ;  not  to  let  them  have  Welsh  bishops,  that  their 
language  in  time  might  be  neglected  by  the  clergy  ; 
and  as  to  trade  and  merchandise,  they  have  been  indo- 
lent enough,  and  fed  themselves  with  their  high  pedi- 

l 


Ixxviii  INTRODUCTION. 

grees  and  gentility,  that  men  of  fortune  have  thought 
it  beneath  them  to  trade. 

Some  of  the  eflfects  that  followed  Rodri  Mawr  s  divi- 
sion of  the  Principality  of  Wales,  the  constitution  of 
that  government  being  so  unnatural  that  it  must  neces- 
sarily be  the  ruin  of  that  nation  that  was  imder  it, 
especially  a  nation  addicted  to  war  and  broils ;  who,  if 
they  had  not  a  foreign  enemy,  must  quarrel  among 
themselves,  so  that  their  feuds  were  at  last  carried  to 
such  a  head  that  perhaps  the  like  is  not  to  be  found  in 
any  history,  not  even  among  the  most  barbarous  nations 
in  the  world.  Even  tigers  and  lions  have  more  gene- 
rosity than  these  Britains  had  at  last.  Their  bravery 
in  arms,  and  the  strength  and  activity  natural  to  them, 
partly  on  account  of  the  situation  of  their  country  and 
their  diet,  drove  them  to  that  pitch  of  enthusiastic 
military  spirit  that  neither  law  nor  religion  had  any  tie 
upon  them.  And  it  is  a  great  wonder  how  any  part  of 
their  posterity  remains  on  the  face  of  the  earth. 

It  is  true  the  murdering  of  relations  began  very  soon, 
on  the  first  setting  out  of  mankind  in  the  world,  and 
continued  while  society  remained  in  small  detachments 
dispersed  over  the  world,  without  that  administration 
and  execution  of  laws  which  a  powerful  monarch  only, 
or  some  government  of  that  nature,  is  able  to  put  in 
force. 

After  about  4000  years'  experience  (in  all  which  time 
one  would  have  thought  a  proper  manner  of  governing 
mankind  would  naturally  have  been  hit  upon  by  some 
enterprising  nation  or  other),  the  Christian  religion 
appeared,  which  proposed  the  most  worthy  and  amiable 
rules  as  men  could  wish  to  be  governed  by,  provided 
they  had  anything  good  in  their  nature.     But  this 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxix 

creature  is  generally  so  perverse  that  nothing  goes 
down  with  him  but  rapine,  plunder,  and  villany.  Under 
the  colour  of  reHgion  one  man  hath  pretended  a  power 
from  heaven  to  bum,  torture,  destroy,  and  murther,  all 
others  that  differ  in  opinion  from  him  about  things 
that  are  impossible  for  either  of  them  to  be  certain  of ; 
that  is,  about  the  nature  of  God,  and  of  a  God  incom- 
prehensible, and  the  manner  of  worshipping  him. 

Some  nations,  superior  in  pride  and  power  to  the 
rest,  have  attempted  to  bring  this  little  earth  under 
one  monarch,  which,  if  it  could  have  been  effected, 
would  not  have  remained  long  so.  The  limbs  would 
have  been  too  many  for  the  head,  and  would  have  soon 
fallen  out  among  themselves,  as  hath  been  the  case 
with  all  great  empires.  Nature  or  Providence  throws 
things,  after  a  great  confusion,  into  their  proper  places  ; 
80  out  of  disorder  cometh  order,  out  of  corruption 
Cometh  generation.  It  is  plain  that  God  never  intended 
that  the  whole  earth  should  be  governed  by  one  king, 
for  he  alone  is  the  King  of  kings  and  Lord  of  lords,  and 
vain  is  the  man  that  sets  up  for  these  titles  which  can 
belong  to  nobody  but  the  Supreme  Being. 

Among  all  nations  experience  shews  that  monarchy 
(or  a  government  equivalent  thereto,  where  the  people 
place  a  law  agreed  upon  to  be  their  inviolable  and 
standing  rule)  will  always  be  the  best  method  of  govern- 
ing mankind,  provided  the  governing  law  is  strictly  put 
in  execution.  If  the  power  is  in  many  hands  they  will 
quarrel  about  it. 

But  now  to  come  home  to  my  subject,  the  ancient 
Britains  or  Welsh,  where,  after  Rodric's  division,  almost 
every  little  lord  had  a,  jura  regalia^  and  the  lives  and 
fortunes  of  his  tenants  in  his  own  hands,  who  was  to 
call  him  to  an  account  for  what  he  did  ? 


1 
IxXX  INTRODUCTION,  ^ 

If  there  were  some  good  men  in  Wales,  and  could 
not  bear  to  see  a  lord  kill  his  brother,  imprison  his 
father,  geld  his  next  relations  that  they  might  not  in- 
herit, and  pretended  to  check  him  for  it,  or  punish  him, 
were  not  the  kings  of  the  Saxons  just  at  hand  to 
receive  any  reprobate  under  their  protection,  and  very 
glad  of  the  opportunity  ?  And  was  not  the  good- 
natured,  religious,  forgiving  Pope  ready  to  absolve  him  | 
for  a  sum  of  money  ?  "We  must  cease  to  wonder,  then, 
at  the  character  our  countrymen  bear  while  under  that 
vicious  government  from  the  year  876,  when  Rodri 
died,  to  the  year  1282,  when  the  last  Llewelyn  was 
slain,  which  is  406  years.  It  was  the  fault  of  the  con- 
stitution of  their  government,  and  not  of  the  people, 
who  were  naturally  brave  and  generous  ;  but  by  being 
left  to  their  own  ways,  by  the  relaxation  of  the  laws  of 
a  bad  government  ill-founded,  they  became  such  mon- 
sters that  the  most  uncultivated  nation  in  the  world, 
even  the  Hottentots,  would  not  be  guilty  of  the  crimes 
they  have  committed;  till  they  eflFectually  destroyed 
their  crazy  constitution  and  their  power,  which  dis- 
solved itself  into  that  of  the  general  crown  of  the  island, 
and  happy  for  the  nation  it  did. 

Not  to  mention  those  of  their  countrymen  they  killed 
in  battle  in  their  civil  wars,  or  of  the  cruelties  used  by 
the  Saxons  or  Normans  upon  them  when  they  took 
part  with  one  side  against  the  other,  I  shall  give  here 
a  list  only  of  the  butcheries  of  a  Britan  against  Britan 
in  those  days,  as  I  have  hastily  collected  them  out  of 
Caradoc's  Chronicle : 

In  the  year  917  Cly dawc  ap  Cadell  was  slain  by  his 
brother  Meurig.     (Caradoc  in  Edwal  Voel.) 

A.D.  933,  Owen  ap  GrufFudd  slain  by  the  men  of  Car- 
digan. 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxxi 

972,  Howel  ap  leuaf  put  out  his  uncle  Meyric  ap 
Edwal's  eyes,  and  kept  him  in  prison  till  his  death. 
(Car.  in  leu.  ap  laco.) 

982,  the  gentlemen  of  Gwent  rebelled  against  their 
Prince,  and  cruelly  slew  Einion  ap  Owen,  who  came  to 
appease  them.     (Car.  in  Ho.  ap  leu.) 

A.n.  1021,  Llewelyn  ap  Seisyllt,  Prince,  was  slain  by 
Howel  and  Mredydd,  the  sons  of  Edwyn.  (Car.  in  Lin. 
apS.) 

A.n.  1044,  the  gentlemen  of  Ystrad  Towy  did  trea- 
cherously kill  140  of  Prince  Gr.  ap  Llywelyn's  men. 
(Car.  in  Gr.  ap  Lin.) 

A.D.  1054,  Griff,  ap  Llewelyn,  Prince  of  Wales,  was 
cruelly  and  traitorously  slain  by  his  own  men,  and  his 
head  brought  to  Harold.     (Car.  in  Gr.  Lin.) 

A.n.  1073,  Blethyn  ap  Cjoifyn,  King  of  Wales,  was 
traitorously  and  cowardly  murdered  by  Rhys  ap  Owen 
ap  Edwyn  and  the  gentlemen  of  Ystrad  Tywy.  (Car.  in 
Bl.  ap  Con.)  About  the  same  time  Cynwrig  ap  Rhiw- 
allon,  a  nobleman  of  Maelor,  was  slain  by  the  North 
Wales  men. 

A.n.  1079,  Gwrgeneu  ap  Seisyllt,  a  nobleman,  was 
slain  by  the  sons  of  Rhys  Sais.     (Car.  in  Trah.) 

A.D.  1103,  Gwgan  ap  Meyrick  invited  Howel  ap 
Grono  to  his  house  to  make  merry,  who  strangled  him 
as  he  got  out  of  bed,  and  delivered  his  body  to  the 
Normans,  who  cut  off  his  head.  (Car.  in  Gr.  ap  Cyn.) 
About  this  time  Meyrick  and  Gruff,  ap  Trahaeam  ap 
Caradoc  were  slain  by  Owen  ap  Cadwgan  ap  Bleddyn. 
(Car.  in  Gr.  ap  Cyn.) 

A.D.  1112,  Owen  would  not  put  Madog  to  death,  but 
put  out  his  eyes,  and  let  him  go,  and  took  his  lands. 
(Car.) 


Ixxxii  INl'RODUCTION. 

A.D.  1115,  GruflF.  ap  Cynan  attempted  to  deUver  up 
Gruff,  ap  Rhys,  Prince  of  South  Wales,  to  King  Henry  I, 
though  he  had  taken  refuge  with  him. 

A.D,  1122,  Gruff,  ap  Rhys  (the  above)  killed  Gruff,  ap 
Trahaearn. 

A.D.  1125,  Cadwallon  ap  Gr.  ap  Cynan  slew  his  three 
uncles,  and  Morgan  ap  Cadwgan  slew  his  brother  Mre- 
dydd  with  his  own  hands.     (Car.  in  Gr.  ap  Cyn.) 

Mredydd  ap  Llywarch  slew  Meyrick  his  cousin,  and 
put  out  the  eyes  of  his  two  cousiu-germans,  sons  of 
Griffri. 

A.D.  1128,  leuaf  ap  Owen  put  out  the  eyes  of  two  of 
his  brethren,  and  banished  them  the  country;  and 
Llewelyn  ap  Owen  slew  lorwerth  ap  Llowarch.  And 
Mredydd  apBleddyn  took  the  same  Llewelyn  his  nephew, 
and  put  out  his  eyes,  and  gelded  him,  that  he  might 
have  his  lands,  and  slew  leuaf  ap  Owen  his  brother. 

Also  Meyric  slew  Llowarch  and  Madog  his  son,  his 
own  cousins,  who  himself  was  so  served  shortly  after. 
(Carad.  Gr.  ap  Cyn.,  p.  187.) 

A.D.  1132,  Cadwallon  ap  Gr.  ap  Cynan  slain  by  Eneon 
ap  Owen  ap  Edwyu  his  uncle,  whose  three  brethren  he 
had  slain. 

A.D.  1140,  Cynwrig  ap  Owen  was  slain  by  the  men 
of  Madog  ap  Mredydd  ap  Blethyn  ap  Cynfyn  ;  and  the 
sons  of  Blethyn  ap  Gwyn  slew  Mredydd  ap  Howel. 

A.D.  1142,  Howel  ap  Mredydd  ap  Blethyn  was  mur- 
dered by  his  own  men.  And  Howel  and  Cadwgan,  the 
sons  of  Madoc  ap  Idnerth,  killed  one  another.  Anar- 
awd  ap  Gr.  ap  Rys  was  killed  in  a  quarrel  with  his 
father-in-law,  Cadwallon  ap  Gr.  ap  Cynan. 

A.D.  1148,  Howel  ap  Owen  Gwynedd  took  his  uncle 
Cadwaladr  prisoner,  and  took  possession  of  his  country. 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxxiii 

A.D.  11^1,  Owain  Gwynedd  took  Cunethe,  his  brother 
Cadwallon's  son,  put  out  his  eyes,  and  gelded  him,  lest 
he  should  have  children  to  inherit  part  of  the  land. 

A.D.  1158,  Morgan  ap  Owen  was  traitorously  slain  by 
the  men  of  Ifor  ap  Meurig. 

A.D.  1160,  Cadwallon  ap  Madoc  ap  Idnerth  was  taken 
by  his  brother  Eneon  Clyd,  and  delivered  to  Owein 
Gwynedd,  who  sent  him  to  the  king  s  officers,  to  be 
imprisoned  at  Winchester. 

A.D.  1168,  Cynan  ap  Owen  Gwynedd  slew  Gwrgeneu, 
Abbot  of  Llwythlawr,  and  his  nephew  Llawthen. 

A.D.  1169,  Meyric  ap  Adam  of  Buallt  was  murthered 
in  his  bed  by  Meredydd  Goch  his  cousin. 

A.D.  1175,  How.  ap  lor.  ap  Owen,  of  Caerlleon,  took 
his  uncle,  Owen  Pencam,  prisoner,  and  putting  out  his 
eyes,  gelded  him  lest  he  should  beget  children  which 
should  inherit  Caerlleon  and  Gwent.  (Carad.  in  D.  ap 
Owen.) 

A.D.  1186,Cadwaladr,  d^on  of  Lord  Rees,  slain  privately 
in  West  Wales.  The  same  year  Madoc  ap  Mredydd 
slain  in  the  night,  in  the  Cattle  of  Careghova,  by  Gwen- 
wynwyn  and  CadwaUon,  sons  of  Owen  Cyfeiliog.  And 
Llewelyn  ap  Cadwallon  ap  Gr.  ap  Cynan  was  taken  by 
his  own  brethren,  and  had  his  eyes  put  out. 

A.D.  1193,  Anarawd,  son  of  Prince  Rees,  took  his  two 
brothers,  Howel  and  Madoc,  prisoners,  under  colour  of 
friendship,  and  put  out  their  eyes. 

A.D.  1193,  Prince  Rees's  own  sons,  Maelgwn  and 
Anarawd,  laid  wait  for  their  own  father,  and  took  him 
prisoner,  fearing  he  would  revenge  their  cruelty  on 
their  brothers ;  but  by  means  of  his  son  Howel,  who 
was  blind,  he  escaped  out  of  Maelgwn  his  son's  prison. 
(Carad.  in  D.  ap  Owen.) 


Ixxxiv  INTRODUCTION. 

A.D.  1194,  Prince  Rys  takes  his  sons  Rees  and  Mre- 
dydd,  who  had  taken  from  him  the  castles  of  Cantre 
Bychan  and  Dinefwr,  and  kept  them  in  safe  prison. 

A.D.  1197,  Maelgwn  ap  Rys,  after  he  had  imprisoned 
his  elder  brother,  got  his  castles  of  Aberteifi  and  Ystrad 
Meirig. 

A.D.  1201,Mredydd  ap  Rhys  was  slain  at  CamwyUion 
by  treason,  and  his  elder  brother  Gruffydd  seized  upon 
his  castle  at  Llanymddyfri  and  all  Iiis  lands. 

A.D.  1204,  Howel,  the  son  of  Prince  Rees,  being  blind, 
was  slain  at  Cemmaes  by  his  brother  Maelgon's  men. 
Soon  after  Maelgon  ap  Rees  hired  an  Irishman  to  kill 
Cadivor  ap  GriflFri,  whose  four  sons  Maelgon  took,  and 
put  them  to  death. 

A.D.  1226,  Rees  Vychan,  son  of  Rys  Gruc,  Prince  of 
South  Wales,  took  his  father  prisoner,  and  would  not 
let  him  at  liberty  tiU  he  had  given  him  the  Castle  of 
Llanymddyfri. 

A.D.  1282,  Madoc  Min,  said  in  the  Earl  of  Maccles- 
field's MS.  to  be  Bishop  of  Bangor,  betrayed  Llewelyn 
ap  GruflFudd,  the  last  Welsh  Prince,  into  the  hands  of 
Edward  I's  men  near  BuaUt,  who  sent  his  head  to  the 
King,  being  himself  at  Conwy.  And  soon  after  David 
his  brother  was  delivered  into  the  King's  hand  by  his 
own  countrymen,  who  was  put  to  death  at  Shrews- 
bury. 

And  thus  the  Britains,  through  pride,  perverseness, 
and  a  bad  constitution,  destroyed  themselves,  and  lost 
their  dominion  and  power  in  the  Isle  of  Britain,  accord- 
ing to  their  deserts;  and  so  will  any  other  nation 
destroy  itself  that  follows  the  same  road. 


INTRODUCTION.  Ixxxv 


Of  Cognomens  or  Surnames,  or  Appellatives,  or  Nick- 
name amoTiQ  the  Britainsfrom  the  Colour  of  their  Hair: 
as,  Du,  Gwyn,  Llwyd,  Glas,  Coch,  Melyn :  Dafydd  Ddu, 
Cynog  Las,  Madog  Goch,  lolo  Goch,  lorwerth  Fyng- 
Iwyd,  Gwyn  Fardd  Brycheiniog,  leuan  Goch  Benllwyd ; 
Torddu,  Philip  Dorddu ;  Cynfelyn. 

From  their  Stature,  Habitudes,  Perfections  or  Imper- 
fections of  the  Body. — Bychan,  Mawr,  Moel,  Cam,  Main, 
Cryf,  Crych,  Cryg,  Hir,  Byr,  Bras,  Cul,  Llwm  :  Madog 
Fychan,  Rodri  Mawr,  Edwal  Voel,  Dafydd  Gam,  GrufF- 
udd  Gryg,  Madog  Benfras,  Harri  Hir. 

Names  of  Places  from  Men,  the  inhabitants  in  ancient 
times  being  a  property  as  well  as  the  country  : 

Wys. — So  the  land  of  Lloegrin  was  called  (including 
the  people)  Lloegrwys;  the  lands  of  Py  or  Paw,  Powys; 
from  Gwent,  Gwenwys.    (Gwys,  pi.  of  Gwas). 

Og. — The  land  and  people  of  Rhufon,  Rhyfoniog  ; 
the  land  and  people  of  Cyfail,  Cyfeiliog  ;  the  land  and 
people  of  Brychan  Yrth,  Brycheiniog ;  Morgan,  Mor- 
gannog  or  wg  ;  Meriad,  Meriadog. 

On. — ^The  land  of  Madog,  called  Madogion ;  the  lands 
and  people  of  Cynwyd  was  called  Cynwydion  ;  the 
people  of  lorwerth,  lorwerthion  ;  Ceredig  makes  Cere- 
digion; from  Mawym,  Mawymiawn;  from  Gwyn,  Gwyn- 
ogion  ;  Swydd  Wynogion  ;  from  Mervyn,  Merfynion,  or 
Powys. 

laid. — The  people  of  Cynfyn,  called  Cynfyniaid ;  the 
people  of  CaBsar,  Caesariait ;  the  people  of  Coran,  called 
Coranniait ;  of  Brychfael,  Brychfaeliaid.    (Cynddelw.) 

Ydd. — From  Melian  or  Mael  ap  Cadvael,  Melienydd 

or  Maelienydd ;  from  Eiddion,  Eiddionydd  ;  from  Meir- 

ion,  Meirionydd. 

m 


THE    SUBJECT  OF  THIS  BOOK,   AND  THE   AUTHOR'S 

DRIFT. 


Olrhain  yr  wyf,  caffwyf  bob  coffa    hen, 
A  banes  gan  wjrda, 
Enwan  llefydd,^  defnjdd  da, 
Trigolion  Cyntir^  GbJia. 

Ailrhyw  gorcbwyl  yw  olrbain    hynod 
Hen  benwan  ym  Mbrydain  ;^ 
A  dosparibn,  rbannn  rhai*n, 
Henoes,  yn  ea  He' a  bnnain. 

Yno  cyflTlyba  enwan    y  Ueoedd, 
Oerllaw  Mynydd  Mynnan,^ 
A*r  ben  awdwyr,  clydwyr  clan, 
Yn  iawn,  &'n  benwan  ninnan. 

Yno  dangoB  acbos  iawn    a  gwreiddiau, 
A  gradd  enwan  estrawn : 
Ag  iaitb  y  Ceiltiaid^  a  gawn, 
A'i  ffraetb-lais  yn  dra  firwytblawn. 

Y  Fmtaniaitb,®  bon  yw'n  iaitb  ni,    coeliwcb, 
Colofn,  mawr  ei  hynni ; 
Gwraidd  Oroegiaitb,^  gradd  ddig^gi, 
A  bad  Lladiniaitb^  yw  hi. 

Cawn  enwan  en  Dawian,  a'n  dysg    hynod, 

Yn  ein  ben  iaitb  byddysg ; 

A  mawr  na  wyddynt  i'w  mysg 

O  ba  wraidd  y  bn'r  addysg ! 

Lewis  Morris. 

*  Lleoedd.  *  Britain.  ■  The  Oeltao.  '  Greek  tongue. 

'  Ancient  Qaul.      *  The  Alps.  *  British  tongue.     '  Latin  tongue. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  33 

contriver  of  the  legend  of  St.  Cynhafal  made  JSnlli  Gator  to  give 
name  to  the  Isle  of  EdUl,  or  Bardsey.  Nenniua  calls  him  a  very 
wicked  king  or  tyrant  of  J&l,  and  gives  us  a  monkish  story  how 
St.  Grarmon  called  for  fire  from  heaven  to  destroy  him  and  his 
city  because  he  would  not  receive  his  doctrine.  {Nennvus,o.  xxx.) 
Vid.  Caddl  Deyrrdlyg, 

Beli  ap  Benlli  in  Arch.  Brit,  p.  262. 

Benwtk  (n.  pr.  v.).    Ben^yn,  and  not  Benw^n. 

Gwyrda  oedd  W^n  a  Ben^yn. — L,  O.  Cothi, 

Ceidwad  llawen  o  Fen^yn 

Cop  Mair  yw'r  gwr  cywir  mwjn. 

X.  Povns,  I  O.  P.,  vicar  Aberyw. 
Vid.  GwSn  atid  Penwyn, 

Berchi  (n.  pr.  v.),  father  of  Collawn.     [Trioedd  y  Meirch,  8.) 

Beren,  Beuno's  mother.     (Beuno's  Life,) 

Berfeddwlad  (Y),  Denbighshire  and  part  of  Flintshire,  con- 
taining five  cantrefs,  Rhyfoniog,  Ystrad,  Rhos,  Dyfiryn  Clwyd, 
and  TegengL     (Price's  Description,) 

Bergedyn,  in  the  parish  of  Guildsfield,Montgomeryshire.  (J.  D.) 

Bergwm,  a  river  in  Glamorgan,  near  Neath.  [Pergwm. — /.  M,] 
Vid.  Aherhergvrm, 

Bwrw  Aber  fal  nyth  eryr, 

Bergwm  wenn  bu'r  gwae  am  w^r. — L.  Morganwg, 

Beris,  Caer  Beris :  vid.  Peris. 
Beriw,  or  Bbryw,  or  Berriew  :  vid.  Aberyw. 
BerLlan  (Y).     Gwaith  y  Berllan,  tlie  battle  at  PerUan  Fan- 
gor  is  y  Coed,  where  the  Britains  defeated  the  Saxons. 

Ni  fo  gwaeih  no  gwaith  y  Berllan. 

GynddelWy  to  Howel  ap  0.  Owynedd. 

Berres  or  Berrys  (St.),  said  to  be  St  Brise.*  lianverres,  a 
church  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  IS.1  in  Denbighshire. 

Berson  :  vid.  Person. 

Berth  :  vid.  Perth. 

Berthyn,  in  Uanddeidan,  Glamorgan.  [AbertMn,  in  Llan- 
fleiddan. — /.  if.] 

Berwig,  English  Berwick,  a  town :  q.  d.  Aberwia  So  from 
Abermaw,  Barmouth,  etc.     Vid.  Y  Fenvig. 

5 


34  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Berwyn,  a  mountam  in  Meirion  (k  bar,  top,  and  gu^, 
white).  Vid.  Bhyddwyn.  Thus  far  came  Henry  II,  the  King  of 
England,  against  Owsdn  Gwynedd,  and  narrowly  escaped  with 
life.    Vid.  Corwen, 

Bettws.  Several  places  in  Wales  of  this  name.  These  were 
the  Bede  houses  demolished  by  Henry  VIII.  Bettws  Gweyrfyl 
Goch;  Bettws  Abergeleu;  Bettws  y  Coed;  Bettws  Gannon; 
Bettws  y  Glyn.  [Vide  Arch,  Brit.,  p.  214,  voce  "  Bettws",  a 
place  between  hills. — W.  jD.] 

[lenan  Bradford  o  blwyf  Bettws  ym  Morganwg.— TT.  D.] 

Bettws  Skeryk,  in  the  Extent  of  Anglesey,  by  Edward  III, 
for  Bettws  G^raint,  which  is  Pentraeth,  or  Ilanvair  Bettws  Ger- 
aint. 

Betwye  (n.  pr.  v.).    Vid.  Bedivyr. 

Bethoun,  son  of  Glam  Hector,  Prince  of  the  Irish  Scots,  whose 
sons  invaded  Britain  about  the  year  440.  Bethoun  took  pos- 
session of  Demetia,  G^yr,  and  Cydweli,  and  kept  them  till  he 
was  drove  away  by  the  sons  of  Cunedda  Wledig.  Vethan  in 
Gale's  edition.  In  Flaherty,  p.  431,  Baozan  or  Baothan  is  men- 
tioned as  King  of  Ireland.     (Price's  JDescript  apud  Nennius,) 

Beulan  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  Lat.  Beidamos, — falsely  Beularivs  in  Gale's 
edition.  Hence  Uanbeulan  in  Anglesey.  Vid.  Samuel  Britan- 
nus,  Kennius,  the  historian,  mentions  one  Beulanus,  a  presby- 
ter, to  whom  he  had  been  a  scholar ;  but  qu.  ?  See  Gale's  Nen- 
nius,  c.  Ixiii. 

Beularius,  falsely  wrote  in  Nennius  for  Bevlanus.  Vid. 
Samv^el  Britanrms. 

Beuno  Sant  ap  Hywgi  ap  Gwynlliw  ap  Glywis  ap  Tegid  ap 
CadeU,  a  prince  or  lord  of  Glewisig.  (Vaughan's  MS.  Notes  on 
Powel's  Hist,)  Another  MS.  says  he  was  son  of  Beuvagius  or 
Beugi  ap  Cadell  Deymllyg,  and  that  his  mother  was  daughter 
of  Owen  ap  Urien,  one  of  King  Arthur's  generals.  In  Winifred! s 
Life,  said  to  be  taken  from  Eobert  of  Salop's,  and  printed,  it  is 
said  that  Beimo  was  of  noble  parents  in  Montgomery,  at  the  fall 
of  the  river  Ehyw  into  Severn,  called  Aberhyw.  His  father, 
Binsi,  descended  from  Cadell,  Prince  of  Glewisig;  and  his 
mother  from  Anna,  sister  to  King  Arthur,  who  was  married  to 
a  king  of  the  Picts.  That  his  grandfather  was  Gundeleius  (Gwyn- 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  35 

lliw),  and  cousin  gennan  to  St.  Kentigern,  Bishop  of  Glasgow, 
who,  being  forced  from  Scotland,  founded  the  bishoprick  of 
St  Asaph.  That  he  was  educated  under  St.  Dangesius ;  but  does 
not  say  where.  When  he  had  built  a  church  and  monastery  he 
removed  to  some  other  part.  Then  he  finished  his  monastery  at 
Clynnog  Vawr  in  Caernarvonshire ;  from  thence  went  to  visit 
his  friends  in  Flintshire.  That  one  Trebwith,  or  Thewith,  or 
Tyvid,  a  potent  lord  of  that  country,  had  married  the  noble  lady 
Wenlo,  who  was  Beuno's  sister ;  and  these  were  the  parents  of 
St.  Winifred.  She  was  born  in  the  reign  of  Kling  Cadwallon ; 
and  Beuno's  journey  to  Flintshire  was  in  the  reign  of  King 
Eluith  the  Second.  But  as  Dr.  Fleetwood  shows  that  the  Jesuit 
misunderstood  Eobert  of  Salop's  words,  who  says  that  this 
Thewith  was  son  of  Eluith,  and  was  the  next  man  to  the  King. 
Beimo  stayed  so  long  on  this  visit  that  he  built  a  monastery 
there;  and  Garadoc  ap  Alen,  King  of  that  country,  with  his 
sword  cut  off  the  head  of  Wioifred  because  she  refused  to  lie 
with  him.  Beuno  clapt  it  on,  and  she  lived  after  that  about 
fifteen  years ;  and  Holywell  sprung  out  of  the  groimd  where  her 
head  fell.  Then  Beuno  returned  to  Clynnog,  and  received  a 
present  of  a  cloak  which  Winifred  sent  him  by  the  river  of  Holy- 
well, which,  watching  the  tides,  coasted  it  along  to  Clynnog  in 
Caernarvonshire,  and  landed  there  dry  at  Forth  y  Gasseg,  which 
he  says  should  be  called  Forth  y  Gassvl,  and  a  Cottonian  MS. 
has  it  Forth  y  Sadden.  This  is  the  sum  of  Robert's  account  of 
Beuno.  But  this  account  of  Beuno  is  very  different  from  that 
in  the  British  MS.  at  Jesus  College,  Oxon. 

Another  account  of  Beuno  runs  thus.  Beuno  Sant  ap  Bugu, 
of  Banhenic  in  Powys,  near  Hafren.  His  mother  was  Beren 
verch  Ilawdden.  He  was  brought  up  by  Tangusius,  a  holy  man, 
at  Gwent,  and  was  ordained  priest.  Tnyr,  King  of  Gwent, 
became  a  monk  and  disciple  of  Beuno,  and  gave  him  lands,  also 
the  people  and  their  goods.  Beuno's  father  died,  and  he  suc- 
ceeded in  the  estate,  and  buUt  a  church  there,  and  planted  an 
oak  which  would  kill  every  Saxon  that  would  pass  its  branches. 
From  thence  he  went  to  Mawn,  son  of  Brochwel,  who  gave  him 
lands  for  his  own  and  his  father's  soul.  The  voice  of  a  Saxon 
frightened  him  from  thence,  and  he  left  his  church  to  one  of  his 


36  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

disciples  called  Kithwlinl^  and  gave  him  a  cross.  He  went  to 
Meivod  to  Tyssilio ;  thence  to  King  Cynan  ap  Brochwel,  and 
begged  of  him  lands  to  build  a  church ;  and  he  gave  him  Gwydd- 
elwem,  where  Beuno  raised  an  Irishman  from  the  dead  who 
had  been  killed  by  his  wife.  There  Beuno  cursed  some  of 
Cynan's  nephews  who  afironted  him,  and  they  died.  Thence  he 
walked  along  the  river  Dee,  and  came  to  the  place  called  now 
Holywell,  where  Temic,  son  of  Elwyd,  gave  him  a  town ;  and 
there  he  built  a  church,  and  brought  up  Gwenfrewi,  daughter  of 
Temic.  Caradoc,  King  of  Tegeingl,  watched  an  opportunity  of 
her  father's  being  in  church,  and  attempted  to  lie  with  her.  She 
refusing,  he  cut  off  her  head.  Beuno  clapt  it  on,  and  brought 
her  to  life,  and  turned  him  to  a  i)ool  of  water ;  and  where  her 
head  fell,  there  sprung  up  a  well  called  now  Holywell,  in  Flint- 
shire. And  so  God  and  Beuno  cured  the  maid,  and  many  were 
converted. 

Cadvan,  King  of  Wales,  gave  Beuno  lands ;  but  Cadwallon, 
his  son,  gave  him  lands  in  Gweredog,  in  Arvon,  which  an  infant 
claimed;  for  which  Beuno  gave  the  King  a  gold  sceptre,  which  the 
King  refused  to  return  when  Beuno  gave  up  the  land  to  the  child. 
Beuno  cursed  him ;  but  Gwyddaint,  the  King's  cousin,  followed 
him,  and  gave  him  the  town  of  Celynnog  for  his  own  soul  and 
Cadwallon's,  where  he  built  a  monastery,  etc.  One  of  the  work- 
men of  Aberffraw  went  toGwent,and  the  Princess Digiw  (Tegiawc), 
daughter  of  Ynyr,  fell  in  love  with  him,  and  they  were  married. 
In  his  way  to  see  his  country,  he  cut  her  head  off  at  Pennardd 
in  Arvon,  and  went  to  Aberffraw,  and  bought  a  place  in  court. 
Beuno  dapt  her  head  on,  and  she  became  a  nun  with  him ;  and 
where  her  head  fell,  there  sprung  Ffynnon  Digiw.  Idon  ap 
Ynyr  Gwent  came  to  see  his  sister,  and  prevailed  on  Beuno  to 
go  with  him  to  Aberflfraw.  There  Idon  cut  off  the  head  of  the 
man  that  had  cut  off  his  sister's  head.  The  King  of  Aberffraw 
seized  upon  Idon,  and  swore  he  would  destroy  him  imless  Beuno 
would  restore  the  other  to  life,  which  he  did  without  hesitation. 
And  the  King  repented  he  had  tempted  Beuno,  and  gave  him 
his  palace  at  Aberffraw,  where  he  now  lives  in,  called  Beuno. 
{Buchedd  BeuTio,  from  Bishop  Fleetwood's.) 

That  there  was  such  a  man  as  Beuno,  that  was  abbot  and 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  37 

founder  of  tbe  monastery  of  Clynnog,  is  certain.  His  grave  is 
shown  there  to  this  day,  and  his  name  is  found  in  many  of  onr 
ancient  British  writers ;  but  the  legends  are  so  full  of  contradic- 
tions that  we  don't  know  what  to  believe  of  them.  The  miracles 
ascribed  to  him  are  beyond  belief.  He  lived  in  the  seventh  cen- 
tury, an  age  of  confusion  and  darkness,  when  the  priests  said 
and  did  what  was  good  in  their  own  eyes. 

In  the  Extent  of  Anglesey,  taken  by  John  de  Deloes  under 
Eichard  Earl  of  Arundel,  Justice  of  North  Wales  26  Edward  III, 
in  the  year  1352, 1  find  there  are  lands  in  Anglesey  (Alaw  'r 
Beirdd)  held  of  St.  Beuno,  and  there  the  abbot  of  St.  Beuno  is 
mentioned  This  was  the  monastery  of  Clynnog  Vawr  yn  Arvon. 
Likewise  in  that  ancient  poem, "  Beddau  Milwyr  Ynys  Prydain", 
by  Taliesin,  Uanveuno  is  mentioned  : 

Bedd  Dylan  yn  Llanveuno,  etc. 

It  is  said  that  all  calves  or  lambs  which  were  brought  forth 
with  a  split  ear  were  the  inheritance  or  right  of  St.  Beuno,  and 
were  offered  to  him  at  his  church ;  and  this  was  called  nod  Beuno, 
or  Beuno's  mark. 

BiGEL  (St.) ;  Lat  Vigelius ;  not  Bugail.  Uanvigel  in  Anglesey. 
Maen  Bigel,  a  rock  in  the  sea  there ;  another  in  the  Sound  of 
EnUi. 

BisSAKD,  in  Doomsday  Book,  Cheshire ;  corruptly  for  Disert 
or  Disart,  a  village  in  Englefield. 

Black  Mountains,  between  Brycheiniog  and  Tir  G\Vyr, 
[Mynydd  Du.— /.  M,] 

Blai>0DUS  :  vid.  Bleuddud, 

Blaen,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  prefixed  to  the  names  of  places, 
signifying  the  upper  part  of  a  country ;  as  YBlaenau,  the  High- 
lands; Gwyr  yBlaenau,  Highlanders  or  mountaineers  ;  Blaenau 
Lloegr,  the  Marches  (E,  Llvryd)  ;  Blaenau  afonydd,  the  sources  of 
rivers  {E.  Llwyd). 

Blaen  y  Cwm,  the  upper  part  of  a  valley  where  it  begins,  as 
Blaen  Cwm  Yst\\7th ;  Blaen  Cwm  Eheidiol ;  Blaen  Cwm  Erfin. 

Blaen  Gwent,  a  place  in  Monmouthshire. 

Blaen  Llyfny,  Castell  in  Brecknockshire,  near  Llyn  Safathan. 

Bl^ven  Llywel  (or  Lleweny,  as  Camden). 

Blaen  Forth  Gwithan,  in  Iscoed  in  Cardiganshire  ;  a  town 


38  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

and  castle  held  by  Earl  Gilbert  and  the  Flemings,  A.D.  1116, 
where  Gruffudd  ap  Ehys  ap  Tewdwr  fought  them,  and  got  the 
place.  (Powel's  Caradoc,  p.  179.)  Blaen  y  Forth  near  Cardigan  (?). 

Blaen  Tren  (nomen  loci). 

Blaeniau,  a  man's  surname  (^  hlaen  and  iau).  Bees  Blaen- 
iau,  Owen  Blaeniaa,  Ifan  Blaeniau,  etc. 

Tri  mab  leuan  term  by wyd 

Blaeniau  pen  gwybodaa  byd. — H,  Pennants 

Blaenllym.    Einion  Flaenllym  ap  Einion. 

Blaidd  (n.  pr.  v),  literally  in  Latin  Lupus.  Y  Blaidd  Ehudd 
o'r  Gest,  lord  of  Gest  and  Eifionydd  {J.  !>.),  grandfather  of  Haer, 
the  wife  of  Blethyn  ap  Cynfyn.  Also  a  cognomen.  Vid.  Bhiryd 
Flaidd. 

Blathaon  (n.  pr.).  Penrhyn  Blathaon  ym  Mhiydyn,  the  ex- 
treme point  of  Scotland  to  the  north  (JV.  2);  Caithness.  (JS.Llwyd) 

Blas  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Norman  or  Norwegian  name  probably.  Bias, 
mab  ty wysog  Llychlyn,  i.  e..  Bias,  the  son  of  the  Prince  of  Uych- 
lyn,  on  the  coast  of  the  Baltic.    (Tr,  84.) 

Bledrws,  Prince  of  Cernyw,  general  of  the  Britains  in  the 
battle  of  Perllan  Fangor,  A.D.  605,  when  the  Seucons  were  drove 
beyond  the  Humber ;  but  Bledrws  was  killed,  and  Cadvun,  King 
of  North  Wales,  crowned  King  of  Britain.     (Tyssilio.) 

Bleddfach,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Powys,  qu.  ? 

0  Fleddfach  nid  glanach  glain. — L.  P.,  i  0.  P. 

Bleddvach.     Tomos  ap  Eoger,  arglwydd  Bleddvach. 

Bleddian.  Uanfleddian,  Glamorganshire.  [Bleiddan.  Uan- 
fleiddan. — /.  if.] 

Bleddyn  ap  Cynfyn. 

Bleddyn  Ddu,  a  poet,  an.  1090.    (J.  -D.  Bhys,) 

Bleddyn  Ddu  Was  y  Cwd,  an  id.  ? 

Bleddyn  Fardd,  a  poet,  an,  1246. 

Bleddyn  Llwyd,  a  poet,  an.  1260. 

Blegobed,  a  Doctor  of  Laws  in  Howel  Dda's  time.  (Dr.  Powel, 
p.  53.) 

Blegywryd,  the  61st  King  of  Britain,  called  the  God  of  music. 
(TyssUio.) 

Bleiddiau.  Cerrig  y  Bleiddiau,  Anglesey ;  Ffos  y  Bleiddiau, 
Cardiganshire. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  39 

Bleiddio  (h.  pr.  v.),  the  father  of  Hyfeid  or  Hyfaidd,  who, 
firom  a  slave  or  native  tenant,  advanced  himself  to  be  King  of 
Deheubarth,  or  South  Wales.     {Tr,  76.) 

Bleiddyd  ap  Caradog  ap  levanawL 

Blbiddtd  II,  the  57th  King  of  Britain. 

Blenwtdd  (St.)     Church  dedicated  at  Coedane,  Anglesey. 

Blettrtjs  ap  Ceynawc  Mawr. 

Blbuddud,  Bleuddyd,  or  Bleiddyd,  the  9th  King  of  Britain, 
Latinized  Bladudus,  son  of  Ehun  Baladr  Bras ;  but  by  a  coin  or 
medal  of  his,  mentioned  by  Mr.  Wm.  Morris  of  Cefn  y  Braich, 
his  name  is  Vlatos,  or  Blatos,  which  may  be  a  Greek  termina- 
tion. 

Bleuddnd  a  Moel  Mud  Madog  ai  ddymod. — Bedo  BrwynUys. 

Leland  says  his  great  knowledge  in  natural  philosophy  got 
him  the  name  of  a  magician  among  the  vulgar ;  and  that  by  pro- 
per application  of  sulphur  and  alum  earths  he  contrived  the 
hot  baths  at  the  city  called  by  the  Britains  Caer  Badune,  mean- 
ing Caer  Badd-dun,  which  he  interprets  the  Mountain  of  Baths. 
And  this  is  the  place  which  Gildas,  in  his  little  History,  men- 
tions by  the  name  of  Mons  Badonictis  (where  the  Britdns  and 
the  Saxons  had  a  great  battle  about  the  time  of  his  birth)  ;  and 
not  in  the  Black  Mountains  over  Severn,  where  Polyd.  Viigil 
madly  seeks  for  it.  He  says  that  this  town  is  the  Thermarum 
of  Ptolemy,  so  called  from  the  British  word  Badune;  and  that 
Badune  doth  not  come  from  Badudus,  the  king ;  for  that  the 
king's  name  was  Bladvdvs,  and  not  Badudvs ;  and  he  thinks  that 
there  was  a  town  on  the  same  river  Avon,  at  a  place  where 
there  hath  been  a  Benedictine  monastery  (which  the  Saxons,  from 
one  Mailduph,  called  Maildviphsbury,  now  Malmesbury).  There 
was  an  ancient  British  city  called  by  the  name  of  Coir  Bladune, 
which  comes  nigher  that  prince's  name,  where  there  are  remains 
of  great  walls  and  ditches.     (Leland,  Script  BrU,,  c.  vi.) 

To  a  Cambro-British  antiquary  Cair  Bladune  is  as  distant 
from  the  name  of  the  prince  as  Badud ;  and  neither  of  them  to 
the  purpose,  for  the  prince's  name  was  Bleuddud,  which,  accord- 
ing to  the  English  pronunciation,  would  sound  something  like 
Bleithid.  So  there  is  very  little  similitude  between  Bladune 
and  Badud  and  this.    Antiquaries  should  always  remember  that 


40  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

ancient  BritiBli  letters  do  not  sound  like  English  and  Latin. 
But  as  Mr.  Leland  seldom  fails  of  shooting  near  the  mark,  I  can 
let  his  readers  into  a  secret,  that  the  name  of  the  ancient  eas- 
trum  which  he  calls  Cair  Bladune  was  Caer  Bleddyn ;  and  no 
name  more  common  among  the  Britains  than  Bleddyn,  as 
Bleddyn  ap  Cjmfyn,  Prince  of  Powys ;  Bleddyn  Fardd,  etc.  Mr. 
Leland  also  defends  the  story  of.  his  inventing  wings  to  fly,  and 
shews  it  is  not  all  an  empty  story.     Vid.  Gwaith  Faddon. 

Blodwel.  Llan  y  Blodwel,  a  church  and  parish  in  Shropshire, 
qu.  Llanymlodwel  ?  Rhiryd  Voel  of  Blodwel.  (J,  D,)  Aber- 
tanat  ymlodwel.  (i.  0.  Cothi,) 

Blowty  (n.  L)  q.  d.  Ty  Blawd.  Cwm  y  Blowty,  a  gentleman's 
seat.    Morris. 

Bod,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  prefixed  to  the  names  of  houses  or 
habitations  (chiefly  in  Anglesey) ;  some  say  from  hod,  to  be  (but 
qu.  ?) :  as  Bodaeddon ;  Bodafon ;  Bodargolwyn ;  Bodamabwy  or 
Ronabwy,  Bodeilio  in  Ueyn ;  Bodeiliog,  a  gentleman's  seat  {J,  D.) ; 
Bodelwy ;  Bodelwyddan,vulg6  Bodolwiddan ;  Bodenwydog  in  I&l, 
a  gentleman's  seat ;  Bodeuon ;  Bodewryd,  a  chapel  in  Anglesey, 
and  a  gentleman's  seat ;  Bodfafon ;  Bodfeddan,  a  gentleman's 
seat;  Bodfeing;  Bodfel,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Lleyn;  Bod- 
frwyn ;  Bodgynda ;  Bodidris  in  IM ;  Bodlew ;  Bodlith,  a  gentle- 
man's seat  {J.  D.) ;  Bodnant,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire ; 
Bodneithiar ;  Bodoffwyr ;  Bodegri ;  Bodola,  Anglesey ;  Bodol- 
gadi;  Bodorgan,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Anglesey;  Bodowyr,  a 
gentleman's  seat  (J.  D),  Denbighshire  (Price) ;  Bodrewyn ;  Bod- 
rhyddan,  Bodtryddan,  or  Botryddan,  a  gentleman's  seat  near 
Bhuddlan  (see  BhvddXan) ;  Bodronyn ;  Bodlan ;  Bodvach,  a 
gentleman's  seat  in  LlanfyUin ;  Bodhalog ;  Bodhenlli ;  Bodiar ; 
Bodig,  Cefii  y  Bodig  (which  see) ;  Bodedeym,  a  parish  and 
church  in  Anglesey,  from  Edeym,  a  man's  name ;  Bodvaen  or 
Bodfan,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Caernarvonshire ;  Bodvari  or  Bot- 
fan,  the  fioman  Yaris ;  Boduan  (see  Cam  Boduan) ;  BodfTordd, 
a  township  or  viUa  in  the  conmiot  of  Malltraeth,  Anglesey  {Ex- 
tent of  Anglesey y  Edw.  III).  This  was  a  free  villa  containing  one 
carucat  and  half  of  land.  No  rent  to  the  prince ;  and  only  suits 
to  the  commots  and  hundreds^  and  to  go  to  the  wars  at  the 
prince's  expense,  and  pays  no  relief  nor  amobr,  and  has  a  mill 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  41 

of  its  own  called  Melin  BodffordA  This  was  right  British  libei-ty. 
Bodwrda,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Lleyn ;  Bodwrog  or  Bodfwrog 
{vid.  Mwrog,  St.) ;  Bodychain ;  Bodyddfan,  a  gentleman's  seat 
(*7.  D)  ;  Bodynolwyn  or  Wenolwyn  ;  Bodysgallen,  a  gentleman's 
seat ;  Bodwine,  a  hamlet  in  Anglesey  mentioned  in  the  Prince's 
Extent,  Edw.  Ill,  1362.  It  was  a  free  hamlet  in  the  commot 
of  Malltra^th,  and  yet  was  liable  to  pay  suits  to  commots  and 
hundreds,  relief,  gobr,  and  amobr,  10«.;  and  the  rent  to  the 
Prince  yearly  was  16s.,  and  paid  quarterly,  4». ;  so  that  the 
Prince's  chief  profits  were  those  accidental  ones  of  gobr,  amobr, 
etc. 

Bod  ap  Pasgen  ap  Helic. 

BODVAN  (St.)     {Br,  WUlis) 

BoiR  or  Boer.     Penboir  and  Ehyd  Foir,  Carmarthenshire. 

BOL.  Cors  y  Bol,  a  bog  in  Mon  of  that  name ;  and  Penbol  (n. 
L),  qu.  whether  in  Tal  y  Bolion  ? 

BoL  Haul,  in  liangwnnwr,  Caermarthenshire ;  another  in 
Anglesey. 

BoLG  (Y),  Belgica  ;  that  is,  Gallia  Belgica,  t.e.,  the  Netherlands. 
Gw^  y  Bolg,  the  Belgse.  These  were  Germans  that  passed  the 
Ehine  before  Caesar's  time.  (Csesar,  Comm,,  ii,  4.)  The  Irish 
writers  call  them  Fir  Bolgy  i.  «.,  the  men  of  the  Bolg.    Vide  Bol. 

BoNGAM.  Deicws  Fongam  ap  Madog  ap  Llewelyn  ap  lor- 
werth. 

BoNOVER  (q.  d.  Beawnoveur),  one  of  the  ancient  names  of  the 
town  now  called  Beaumaris  or  Beaumarish. 

Castell  gwedi  cael  castiaid 

Bonover  hwnt  ban  fo  rhaid. — loan  Brwynog. 

Camden  (in  Anglesey)  says  the  town  was  called  Bonover  before 
it  was  rebuilt  by  Edward  I,  and  w^s  called  by  him  Beaumarish. 
It  was  formerly  called  Llanvaes ;  and  it  seems  to  have  been,  in 
very  ancient  times,  called  Forth  Wygyr,  one  of  the  three  principal 
seaports  in  the  Cambrian  dominions  after  the  Saxon  conquest 
of  Loegria.  {Triad  5.)    Vid.  Caer  Fdn. 

BoNWM  (n.  L),  Anglesey. 

BoRT  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  German  name.   Bort,  mab  brenin  Bort.    {Y 
Great  apud  Tr,  61.) 

Bosso  (n.  pr.  v.).    Caervosso,  Rhydychen,  Oxenford. 

6 


42  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

BoTEUUARUL,  in  Doomsday  Booh  corruptly  for  Bodffari,  a  vil- 
lage in  Englefield,  belonging  to  the  manor  of  Bhuddlan  when  in 
the  hands  of  Hugh,  Earl  of  Chester,  in  William  the  Conqueror's 
time. 

BowcwN  or  BoccwN,  Caer  Vowcwn,  the  ruins  of  an  ancient 
fort  in  the  turning  where  Nant  Ceiliogyn  falls  into  Trennig  river, 
in  the  way  as  you  go  from  Eisteddva  Gurig  along  Llechinwedd 
Hirgoed  in  the  east  end  of  it.  This  fort  kept  not  only  the  pass 
to  Eisteddva  Gurig,  but  also  that  to  Dyfl&yn  Merin  by  Pistell 
Ddu.    Vide  Trennig. 

Brachan,  in  Ach  Cynog,    Vide  Brychan, 

Bradog.     Aeddan  Fradog. 

Bradwen  ap  Unwch  ap  Unarchen.  Ednowain  ap  Bradwen. 
(PynUheg  LlwytJi)     Penrhos  Bradwen  ymhlwyf  Caer  Gybi 

Bradwen.  Llys  Bradwen  (Bratwen  in  the  Gododin),  near 
Dolgelleu  (J,  D.),  the  seat  of  Ednowain  ap  Bradwen  in  the  time 
of  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth. 

Bradwyn  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Moes  rhoi  *n  gof  maes  arian  gwyn 

Mwy  par  wedi  mab  Bradwyu. — M.  LI,  G. 

Braich  y  Ddinas,  a  lofty  and  impregnable  hill  on  the  top  of 
Pemnaen  Mawr,  where  are  the  ruinous  walls  of  a  fortification 
encompassed  with  a  treble  wall;  and  within  each  wall  the 
foundation  of  at  least  a  hundred  towers  all  round,  and  of  about 
six  yards  diameter,  each  within  the  walls.  The  walls  of  this 
Dinas  were  about  two  yards  thick,  and  in  some  places  three. 
There  a  hundred  men  might  defend  themselves  against  a  legion; 
and  it  seems  there  were  lodgings  within  the  walls  for  twenty 
thousand  men.  Within  the  innermost  wall  there  is  a  well  which 
gives  water  in  the  driest  summer.  This  was  the  strongest  fort 
in  all  Snowdon.  {K  Llwyd,  Notes  on  Camden  in  Caernarvon-' 
shire,)    Vid.  Meini  Hirion  and  Penmaen  Mawr. 

Braint  (n,  pr.  v.)  signifies  dignity :  hence  Briant  and  Bryan, 
modem  names.    Vide  Braint  Hir. 

Braint  Hir  ap  Nevydd,  King  Cadwallon's  nephew,  and  one 
of  his  council,  and  lord  of  Uwch-Aled ;  bore  vert,  a  cross  flowry 
or,     {Pymiheg  Llwyth.)     Qu.,  from  his  name,  Sam  Vraint  and 


C£LT1G  REMAINS.  43 

Afoa  Vraint  in  Anglesey,  mentioned  by  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marw- 

nad  Cadwallon  ? 

Llnest  Cadwallon  ar  Oeint 
Lloegr  ardres  armes  ameint 
Llaw  ddillvrng  ellwng  oedd  Vreint, 

Ceint  river  is  also  in  Anglesey. 

Braisg.    Ywain  Fraisg  ap  Cyndeyrn  Fendigaid. 

Bran  (n.  pr.  v.).  Bran  ap  Djrfhwal  (Latinized  Brmnus),  second 
son  of  Dyfnwal  Moelmut,  the  famous  British  lawgiver.  He  mar- 
ried a  princess  of  the  Galli  Senones,  and  by  the  help  of  his 
brother  Beli  {Beltmis,  rightly  Belgiua),  King  of  Britain,  overran 
Italy,  and  took  the  city  of  Rome,  and  kept  possession  of  it  seven 
months.  {Tyssilio.y  This  was  about  390  years  before  Christ,  and 
364  years  after  the  building  of  Bome.  Strabo  plainly  calls  h\rn 
BreTh,  and  Poly  bins  corroborates  the  British  history  in  this  point. 
Vid.  Brennus  and  Urp, 

Bran,  a  river  that  falls  into  Towi  near  Llanymddyfri  (from 
Bran,  a  man's  name).  Hence  Aberbran  and  Glanbran.  Nard 
Bran  falls  into  the  Wysg. 

Bran  ap  Llowarch. 

Bran  ap  Llyr,  called  Bendigaid  Fran.  {Tr.  45.)  Vid.  Ben- 
diffaid  Fran. 

Bran  ap  Melhym.  He  is  called  Bran  ab  y  Melhym  in  Arch. 
Brit.,  p.  260.  Qu.,  whether  Mellteym  or  Myllteym  ?  In*  the 
MS.  it  is  Melsym.  Vide  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Urien  Eeged. 

Bran  ap  Gwerydd.   {Arch.  Brit.,  p.  261.) 

Bran.  Dinas  Bran,  a  castle  on  the  top  of  a  hill  near  Han- 
goUen,  which  it  is  said  belonged  to  Brennus.  There  is  a  lord- 
ship adjoining  there  called  to  this  day  Dinbran  or  Dinbren.  It 
was  in  repair  and  inhabited  by  Grufifydd  ap  Madog  in  Edward  I's 
time,  who  was  lord  of  Dinas  Bran. 

Camden  says  the  tradition  was  that  it  was  built  and  so  named 
by  Brennus,  general  of  the  Gauls ;  and  he  says  some  interpret 
the  name  "  the  king's  palace";  for  that  Brm,  says  he,  in  British 
signifies  a  king.  Mr.  Camden  was  here  sadly  out,  as  he  is  gener- 
ally when  he  meddles  with  British  etymologies.  Bren  was  never 
the  word  in  the  British  for  a  king,  but  hrenhin  and  h^eyenh'^n. 
Others,  he  says,  would  have  the  name  derived  from  hryn,  a  hill. 


44  CJBLTIC  REMAINS. 

Poor  guessing !  for  most  British  casUes  were  upon  hills.  And 
how  comes  king  to  be  a  proper  name  of  a  king  ?  An  odd  fancy 
indeed ! 

Bran  Galed  o'r  Gogledd,  a  prince  or  great  man  of  North 
Britain,  famous  for  his  generosity.  Com  Bran  Galed  oW  Gogledd 
was  one  of  the  thirteen  rarities  of  Britain  kept  at  Caerllion  ar 
Wysg  in  Arthur's  time;  Bran  Galed  of  the  North's  hom.  Desire 
any  kind  of  liquor,  and  that  horn  would  produce  it.  That  is,  I 
suppose,  you  were  to  drink  in  that  house  what  liquor  you 
desired ;  unless  there  was  a  contrivance  to  convey  liquors  through 
secret  pipes  into  it.     Vid.  JSluned, 

Bran,  father  of  Caradawc.     (Tr.  19.) 

Branes,  a  gentleman's  seat, — ^Wynne^s.  {J,  D,)  Also  a  sur- 
name :  Hwmffre  Branes  of  Branes  Uchaf.    (J.  D.) 

Brangor  (n.  pr.  v.).  Y  Greal,  quoted  Triad  61.  Brangor's 
daughter  was  Empress  at  ConsiinoH,  L  e.,  Constantinople. 

Braniarth,  part  of  Powys. 

Branwen,  merch  Llyr  o  Harlech,  gwraig  Matholwch  WyddeL 
(See  the  Tr.  51.)  Tiiyr  Branwen  oedd  Harlech  gynt.  Hi 
gladdwyd  ar  Ian  afon  Alaw  ym  Mon,  medd  Mabinogi  Bendigeid- 
fran.  Palfod  Branwen  verch  Llyr  Llediaith.  {Arch,  Brit.,  p.  258.) 
[Capel  Bronwen  in  Anglesey. —  IF.  B,] 

Bras,  thick  or  big.  Caradog  Freichfras;  Madog  Benfras; 
Gniftydd  Fraslwyd,  tad  Gruffydd  Lwyd  o  Lanbrynmair. 

Bre,  m^ms,  collis,  a  mountain,  a  hill :  hence  Moelfre ;  and  the 
Bre  (Bray)  of  Athol  in  Scotland ;  Penbre  in  Carmarthenshire. 

Brecon.  Dinlle  Vrecon,  mentioned  by  liowarch  Hen  in  Mar- 
wnad  Cynddylan.  Mr.  Edward  Ilwyd  guesses  this  to  be  Urico- 
nium  or  Wroxeter,  near  Salop.  If  it  is,  it  should  be  wrote  Urecmi^ 
and  not  Brecon;  for  the  British  name  of  Uriconium  is  Caer 
Wrygion ;  in  the  ancient  orthography  Gwrigion;  and  it  is  found 
Guirigon  in  Nennius. 

Sjlles  o  Dinlle  Vrecon. — Lhu^rch  Hen, 

Brechdwn.     Gwem  y  Brechdwn,  which  see. 
Brecheiniog.    (Price's  Descript).    Vid.  Brycheiniog. 
Breiddin,  Craig  Freiddin  in  Montgomeryshire,  a  mountain ; 
corruptly,  Craig  Wreiddyn.  Bre  Freiddin.  {Gwalchmai  ap  Meilir.) 
O  Freiddin  freenhin  freiddgar. — Gwalckmai  ap  Meilir. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  45 

Breigh  Moks,  corruptly  in  John  Major  (Hist.  Scot,  1.  ii,  c.  4) 
for  Eryri,  where  Gwrtheym  built  his  castle.  [Qu.  if  not  Craig 
y  Ddinas  (q.  v.)  on  Penmaen  Mawr  1 — W,  i?.] 

Breint  (fl.)  :  hence  Aberbreint,  afon  Fraiht  in  Anglesey,  and 
the  rivers  Brent  in  Devon  and  Middlesex,  and  the  river  Brent 
in  the  Venetian  territory.  All  have  their  names  from  Braint, 
which  see. 

Brenhin  or  Brenhyn,  pi.  Brenhynoedd  {k  hraint  and  Jien), 

Dybu  Brenhin  Lloegr  yu  lluyddawc. — M&Uir  Brydydd. 

m 

Breiniol,  Breiniau. 

Breenhin  na  firenhin  brithfyd  dybi. — Myrddin^  Hoianan. 

Breyenhin,  Breienh^,  q.  d.  brainh^,  the  honourable  elder. 

Brenhinllwyth.  Y  Pnm  Brenhinllwyth,i  «.,  the  five  princely 
tribes. 

Brevi,  a  river  at  Uanddewi  Brevi  in  Cardiganshire.  {Brit. 
Sanct,  March  1.)  Qu.  wh.  from  Gwenfrewi  (see  Owdl  Dewi);  or 
qu.  wh.  Brewi,  from  Gwenvrewi  ?  Leland  is  mistaken  in  the 
derivation  from  brefu.    Vid.  Byfrig  and  DewL 

Bricekau  Mere,  in  Marianus,  means  the  pool  or  mere  by 
Brecknock  called  Ll}m  Safathan,  and  Castell  Dinas  by  that  lake. 
{CaTrvd-en^ 

Briganted,  in  Armorica,  thieves  (qu.  wh.  h,  BrigwrUes),  [Sic 
in  Glamorgan. — L  Jf!] 

Bristol,  a  city  on  the  river  Avon,  part  in  Somersetshire  and 
part  in  Gloucestershire.  It  had  once  the  name  of  Caerodomant, 
and  perhaps  Bath  was  called  Caerodor  Uchaf,  Odor  then  seems  to 
have  been  the  name  of  the  river  Avon ;  and  I  should  be  apt  to 
think  that  a  smaller  river  runs  into  the  Odor  at  Bristol,  of  such 
a  name  as  Ysto,  from  whence  Aberysto,  and  thence  Bristow. 
[No  river  Ysto  there. — L  M.]     Vid.  BritUm. 

Brttain,  the  English  name  of  the  island  containing  England, 
Wales,  and  Scotland.    Vid.  Prydain. 

Britannu,  the  Latin  name  of  Britain.    Vid.  Brut  Yinys. 

Britenhuis,  or  THuiste  Briten,  the  ruins  of  a  tower  in  the  sea, 
to  be  seen  at  low  water,  near  Cattwiick  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Khine.  Thus  called  by  the  Hollanders  that  dwell  near  it.  Sue- 
tonius says  that  Caligula  built  a  tower  in  that  place ;  and 


40  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Hadrian  Junius,  Camden,  and  Vitus,  say  that  this  is  the  ruins 
of  the  same  tower ;  but  Ortelius,  Goetzius,  and  Cluverius,  deny 
it.    (Selden,  Mar.  Glaus,,  p.  203.) 

Brithdir,  in  Gilsfield,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Brtthdib,  in  Llangollen  parish. 

Brithon.  CaerBrithonyBimiol  {U8her\oT  perhaps  Dunbritton. 

Brithwch.  Caer  Brithwch  {Ystori  KUhuoch  ap  KUydd),  per- 
haps Caer  Brython. 

Brittou.  Caer  Brittou  (Nennitui) :  qu.  whether  the  Caer 
Brithon  of  Usher's,  which  he  interprets  Bristol  ?  As  Bristol  lies 
on  a  very  commodious  spot  for  trade,  it  must  be  supposed  there 
was  a  town  built  there  in  the  infancy  of  the  British  government ; 
and  though  I  have  no  authority  for  it  from  either  Roman  or 
British  writers  (neither  Anton's  Itinerari/  nor  the  Triades  men- 
tioning it),  yet  I  cannot  help  thinking  that  this  town  had  a 
British  name  formerly,  whence  the  name  Bristow  or  Bristaw 
was  formed.  It  is  now  pronounced  by  the.  Welsh  Brustaw  or 
Brusto;  as  the  British  name  of  the  river  is  now  lost,  and  nothing 
remains  but  Avon,  which  is  the  common  British  name  for  all 
rivers ;  and  who  can  doubt  that  Bristow  was  by  the  Britains 
called  Aberysto,  or  some  such  name,  as  Aberystwyth  is  called 
from  the  river  Ystwyth.    Vide  Bristol 

[Briw  (n.  1.).  Cefn  y  Briw;  Llyn  y  Briw;  Rhyd  y  Briw.  Vid. 
Caer,—  W,  D.} 

Bro,  country,  region ;  different  from  Owlad. 

A'ch  gw^r  oil  wlad  Tro  Qadell. — Rhys  Nanmor. 
Henw  'ngwlad  yw  Bro  Gadell. — D,  ap  Owilynt, 
Swyddan  yngwlad  Bro  Gadell. — D.  H,  H. 

Bro  Alun,  where  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth  fought  with  the  Nor- 
mans, about  the  river  Alun. 

Un  am  Fro  Alun  elfydd  Gann  a  Ffrainc. 

Frydydd  y  Moch^  i  LI.  ap  lorwerth. 

Brochuakl  Hir  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cynddylan). 

Brochwel,  Bbychwel,  or  Brychfael  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Brochwel,  sumamed  Ysgythrog  (from  a  place  of  that  name  in 
Brecknockshire),  ap  Cyngan  ap  Cadell  Deyrnlluc,  Prince  of 
Powys  and  Earl  of  Chester,  was  one  of  the  generals  of  the  Britains 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  47 

in  the  great  battle  fought  A.D.  617  between  the  Britains  and 
Ethelfirid  and  his  Saxons  near  the  City  of  Legions  (West  Chester). 
Brochwel  was  stationed  with  a  party  of  men  to  cover  the  monks 
of  Bangor  is  y  Coed,  who  were  there  in  great  numbers  praying 
for  the  battle ;  but  Ethelfrid  prevailed,  and  destroyed  some  hun- 
dreds of  the  monks.  Several  of  them  fled  to  Ynys  Enlli  (Isle  of 
Bardsey);  but  the  college  or  university  was  not  touched,  for 
Ethelfrid  was  defeated  at  Bangor.  See  Owaith  Perllan  Fan- 
gor;  and  also  see  Nennius.  Camden,  in  his  Bemains,  p.  108, 
writes  this  name  Brochvail  Schitrauc,  and  explains  it  ''gagg- 
toothed",  but  without  reason  or  skill  in  the  language ;  and  Price 
(Descript.)  calls  him  Brochwel  Ysgithrog,  that  is,  *' long-toothed'*. 
He  had  three  sons,  viz.,  Mawn,  Tyssilio  Sant  at  Meivod,  and 
Cynan  the  Prince.    (Buehedd  Beuno.) 

Brig  gw;^dd  Syr  Gruffydd  a*i  sel 
Breichiau  Gwenwys  a  Brochwel. — 8ion  Geri, 

Ni  bo  dyn  y'  myw  y  M6n 

O'r  Brychfaeliaid  Brychfoelion. 

Englynion  Saith  Mah  Cadifor,  a.d.  1170  \M.  A.  i,  418]. 

Brodik. 

M6r  yw,  tu  hwnt  y  mae'r  tir, 

Meredydd  tros  fy  mrodir. — J.  Bafydd  Bdu. 
Vid.  Owlad. 

Brodorddyn,  Brodorddin,  or  Brordorddun  (q.  d.  Bro  Dorddy  n, 

tarn  quaere).  Syr  EogerVychan,  arglwydd  Brodorddyn  a*r  Cwm. 

Mawr  o  dwrdd  ym  Mrodorddnn 
Mawr  poen  cant  marw  pen  can. 

leuan  ap  HyweL  Swrdwal^  i  W.  Yychan  o  Hergest. 

Ni  bu  drwch  wyneb  y  drin 

Heb  wrid  urddas  Brodorddin. 

leuan  ap  Huw  Gas  Llwyd, 
Brodoryn,  qu.  Brodorddyn  ? 

Cjfrwng  Brodoryn  brad  o  Wynedd. 

Hoiaruiu  Myrddin, 
Bro  Dywi.    (i.  G.  Cothi) 

Bro  GadeLl,  Dafydd  ap  Gwilym's  country. 

Brogior  wrth  Wenni,  a  village  in  Glamorganshire.    Fairs  are 

kept  here.     [Aheroffwr  (never  called  otherwise)  has  an  ancient 


48  CELTIC  KEMAINS. 

cadtle,  and  is  a  seaport  in  the  Buchy  of  Lancaster,  like  other 
places  in  Glamorgan. — L  if.] 

Broginin  or  Brogynin,  a  valley  and  some  houses  above  Gog- 
erthan  in  Cardiganshire,  where  the  common  report  is  that  Davydd 
ap  Gwilym,  the  poet,  was  bom ;  but  quaere. 

Bro  Gwent. 

Brogeintun  and  Broguntun,  the  name  of  a  place.  Twain 
Brogeintyn  was  a  base  son  of  Madog  ap  Meredydd  ap  Bleddyn. 

Bron,  a  breast;  also  fem.  of  hryriy  a  hill  (from  Jre,  &ry,  or  fry, 
above).  Brongarth ;  Bronheilin ;  Y  Fronwen ;  Y  Fronfraith ; 
Bron  y  Mwyn ;  Bron  Danwg ;  Bron  Feirig ;  Broniarth ;  Bron 
Heulog ;  Brongwyn,  a  parish  in  Cardiganshire.  Bron  Gain,  a 
gentleman's  seat.    (J,  JO.) 

Bron  yr  Erw,  a  place  in  Arfon,  North  Wales,  where  a  battle 
was  fought  by  Grufiydd  ap  Cynan  and  Trahaeam  ap  Caradoc, 
the  reigning  Prince  of  North  Wales ;  but  GrufiFydd  was  defeated, 
and  fled  into  Anglesey,  a.d.  1073.     {Caradoc  in  Trahaeam,) 

Bromfield,  part  of  Powys  Vadog. 

Bron  y  Voel. 

Brothen  (St.).     Llanfrothen,  Meirion. 

Brotre,  a  town,  a  village,  or  place  belonging  to  Cynddylan 
Powys ;  perhaps  an  appellative  to  Pengwern. 

Gwae  ienaingc  a  eiddnant  Brotre. — Llowarch  Hen, 

Vid.  Brodir  and  Bro. 

Bro  Wyr.    {Lewis  Glynn  Cothi.) 

Brulhai  (n.  L).    (L,  0,  Cothi) 

Brun  Alb  an,  the  same  with  Braid  AJhan  in  Scotland  (Fla- 
herty, Ogygia,  p.  323) ;  called  also  Brunhere,  perhaps  Bryn  Hir, 
^.  e.,  Long  Hill.     Vid.  Drum  Alban, 

Brut  or  Brutus,  son  of  Silius  (Julius),  not  Silvius,  founder  of 
the  British  empire,  who  is  said  by  our  ancient  traditions  and  his- 
torians to  have  been  the  first  King  of  Britain  of  the  Trojan  race, 
who  conquered  this  island,  or  settled  a  colony  of  Trojans  in  it, 
about  1200  years  after  the  Flood,  and  1100  before  the  birth  of 
Christ,  and  to  have  given  it  the  name  of  Ynys  JBmt,  and  by 
foreigners  called  Britannia,  q.  d.  Brut  Ynys.  But  the  British 
Triades  say  that  the  island  of  Britain  had  its  name  frowL  Prydain 
ap  Aedd  Mawr,  who  conquered  it     Both  might  give  it  their 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  49 

names  at  different  times.  Camden  says  that  the  greatest  part 
of  learned  authors,  as  Boccetius,  Vivos,  Hadrianns  Junius,  Poly- 
dore,  Buchanan,  Yignier,  Genebrardus,  Molinseus,  Bodinus,  and 
other  persons  of  great  judgment,  do  unanimously  afBrm  that 
there  never  was  such  a  person  as  Brutus ;  and  that  many  of  our 
learned  countrymen  reject  him  as  a  mere  impostor,  as  John  of 
Wheathampsted,  abbot  of  St.  Alban's,  a  man  of  excellent  judg- 
ment; and  William  of  Newborough,  a  much  more  ancient 
writer,  who  fixed  the  chaige  of  forgery  upon  Geoffrey,  Obe  com- 
piler of  the  British  History,  as  soon  as  ever  he  had  published 
it ;  and  that  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  who  wrote  in  the  same  age, 
calls  it  the  fabulous  history  of  Geoffrey ;  that  the  author  who 
takes  upon  him  the  name  and  title  of  Gildas,  and  briefly  glosseth 
upon  Nennius,  in  the  first  place  imagineth  this  our  Brutus  to 
have  been  a  Soman  consul ;  secondly,  a  son  of  one  Silvius ;  at 
last,  of  one  Hessicion.  Here  are  all  Mr.  Camden's  learned  men's 
objections  against  Brutus. 

Oorpo  teymfawr  tywysogaeth  Brat 
Ar  Brydain  diriogaeth. 

.  Oynddeho^  i  Twain  Gyfeiliog. 

Vid.  Prydain,  Briiannia,  Brut  y  Brenhinoedd, 
Brutan  and  Brytaen,  the  isle  of  Britain. 

0  Fmtan  Fawr  ei  attnn. — L,  Morganwg. 
Brytaen  fal  ogfaen  i  lawr. — lor.  Fynglwyd, 

•  Brutaniaid,  Britains.   Not  of  the  same  origin  with  Brython, 

Brutus  Darianlas,  or  Brutus  with  the  blue  shield,  the  sixth 
King  of  Britain. 
Brutwn,  a  Britain. 

Brut  y  Brenhinoedd,  the  title  of  the  British  history  which 
goes  by  the  name  of  Tyssilio,  a  bishop,  son  of  Brochwel  Ysgithrog, 
Prince  of  Powys,  who  was  either  the  author  or  continuer  of 
it  from  the  Koman  conquest  to  his  own  time,  which  was  about 
the  year  660,  and  was  continued  by  another  hand  to  the  end  of 
the  reign  of  Cadwaladr.  It  was  translated  out  of  British  into 
Latin  by  GaKridus,  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  who,  by  adding  some 
things  of  his  own,  to  please  the  taste  of  the  age,  hath  hurt  the 
credit  of  the  history  among  the  modern  critics.    But  as  the 

7 


50  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

translation  of  any  author  should  not,  among  people  of  common 
sense,  be  the  standard  to  commend  it  or  condemn  it,  such  critics 
would  do  well,  before  they  too  hastily  condemn  the  authority  of 
the  British  history,  to  learn  to  read  it  in  the  original  The  trans- 
lator, GalMd,  hath  not  done  the  author  justice,  as  abundance  of 
British  copies  all  over  Wales  and  England  will  make  appear. 
Vid.  Chlfridus  and  Tyssilio, 

Brwyn  (n.  pr.  v.).  Brwyn,  father  of  Madog,  one  of  the  "  tair 
aurgelein*^    Brwyn  mab  Cynadaf.     (Tr.  y  Meirch,  No.  7.) 

Bkwyneu  Hen  ap  Corthi 

Brwynllys,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Ganol  in 
Brecknockshire  (Price's  Description) ;  called  also  Eglwys  TaiL 
Hence  Bedo  BnoynMys,  a  smooth  poet  of  the  15th  century. 

Brwtnog  (n.  L),  in  Anglesey,  signifying  a  place  of  rushes : 
hence  Stan  BrwyTiog,  a  poet. 

Beych.    Heilyn  Frych. 

Brychan  Brycheiniog,  son  of  Anllech  Corunawc,  King  of  Ire- 
land^ according  to  the  Triades;  but  in  Ach  Cynog  it  is  read  by 
Mr.  Edward  liwyd,  "  Cynog  sant  ap  BrycHan  ap  Cormur  ab 
Eurbe  WyddeL"  Cormur  is  a  corruption  of  Corunawc.  He 
settled  in  that  part  of  Wales  which  after  him  is  called  Brych- 
einiauc  or  Brecheiniog,  in  English  Brecknockshire.  He  made 
himself  master  of  this  country  either  by  marriage  or  conquest 
(when  all  the  kingdom  went  to  wreck  and  ruin)  in  the  very 
beginning  of  the  5th  century,  and  was  cotemporary  with  XJthur 
Bendragon.  His  daughter  Nefyn  was  wife  of  Cynfarch  Hen, 
and  mother  of  Uiien  and  Hew  ap  Cynfarch.  He  is  by  the  poets 
called  Brychan  Yrih, 

Brychan  Yrth  breichiau  nerthawg. — J),  ap  QwUym, 

He  had  30  sons  and  30  daughters  (Camden  says  but  24 daughters), 
all  saints  {Camdm,  in  Breckriockshire),  most  of  whom  were 
sainted.    His  sons  are :  Cynog  Sant,  Drem  Dremrudd,  Alychini, 

Clydawc  Sant, llan,  Pan,  K3modi,  Ruvan  3m  Manaw, 

Marcharuchun  yn  Nghyfeiliog,  Dingad  yn  Llanymddyfn,  Berwin 
yn  Nghemiw,  Reidoc  yn  Ffrainc,  yn  Cwmbreidoc,  &c.  His 
daughters:  Arianwen,  Ceindrych,  Clotvaith,  Cenedlon,  Clydai^ 
Ceinwen,  lieian,  Meichell,  Nevyn,  Nefydd,  Gwawr,  Gwrgon, 
Goleuddydd  yn  Llanhasgin,  Gwanddydd  or  Gwawrddydd  yn 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  51 

Nhowyn  Meirionydd,  Dwynwen  yn  Llanddwyn  ym  Mon,  &c. 
Yid.  Anllech  Corunawc,Cormur;  and  Giraldus  CambrensiSj/ttn., 
L  i,  c.  2. 

Brtchan  {Bracanus,  Flaherty,  Ogygia,  p.  372),  about  the  year 
357,  is  said  to  be  son  of  Coelbad  and  one  Cathan,  who  was  son 
of  Muedan  (vid.  Zla/ngaihan) ;  and  about  a.d.  327  another  Brecan 
and  Comech,  Boman  saints. 

Brtch  Cadarn  CY),a  elwid  Einion  ap  Meredydd  Hen  ap  Llew- 
elyn,    (i/jc/r  Achau,  fol.  117.) 

Brychgoch.  Angharad  verch  Dafydd  Fiychgoch ;  in  another 
MS.  verch  Dafydd  Fyrgoch. 

Brycheiniog,  Brecknockshire ;  called  in  Price's  Description 
Brecheinoc.    Vid.  Brychan. 

Brychtyr,  son  of  Howel  ap  leuaf. 

Brymbo  or  Brynbo,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Mostyn's.    (/.  B) 

Bryn,  in  the  composition  of  places,  as  Bryn  Hafod  (L.  G,  Cothi) ; 
Bryn  Gwyn,  a  gentleman's  seat  («/".  D) ;  y  Bryn  Glas ;  y  Bryn 
Du ;  Bryn  Llwyd ;  Hryn  Euryn ;  Bryn  y  Vuches ;  Bryn  y  Bar ; 
Bryn  Bras ;  Bryn  Dreiniog ;  y  Bryn  Mawr ;  Bryn  y  Moelddu ;  y 
Bryn  Moel;  Bryn  Brenin  (n.  L);  Bryn  Buga,  one  of  the  com- 
mots  of  Cantref  Iscoed  in  Gwent ;  also  a  town  and  castle,  by 
Latin  writers  called  corruptly  Buren  Begi,  now  Usk,  on  the  river 
Wysc,  about  the  midway  between  Caerllion  and  Abergavenni ; 
Bryn  Caredig  (n.  L) ;  Bryn  Caw ;  Bryn  Cain  Caw  {Or.  ab  Mr.) ;  Bryn 
Ceneu'n  Rhos  (vid.  Belyn) ;  Bryn  Cunallt,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Trevor 
(e/lZ?.);  Bryn  Cur,vulgoBrynkir,aplace  in  Caernarvonshire;  Bryn- 
kir  of  Brynkir,  a  family ;  Brynddin,  Lat.  Brannodunum ;  but  I 
should  rather  take  Brannodunum  to  be  Branddin,  or  Dinbran,  or 
Dinas  Bran;  Bryndewyn,  Dafydd  ap  Gronwy  ap  Bryndewyn; 
Bryn  Eglwys,  a  church  and  parish  in  Iftl,  Denbighshire ;  Bryn 
Ffanogl  near  Menai,  Anglesey ;  Bryn  Ffenigl,  a  gentleman's  seat 
in  Denbighshire  {J.D),  Ednyfed  Vychan,  baron  of  Bryn  Ffenigl. 
Bryn  lorcyn,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire  {J.  D,) ;  Bryn 
Lluarth,  a  gentleman's  seat  {J.D),  Lloyd ;  Brynllys  (n.  L) ;  Bryn- 
llysg,  the  name  of  a  tumulus  or  barrow  about  half  a  mile  from 
Bala.  The  name  seems  to  me  to  imply  the  original  use  of  it, — 
the  burning  mount,  where  they  burnt  the  bodies  of  their  dead, 
and  consequently  a  place  of  um  burial,  though  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd 


52  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

{Notes  on  Camdem)  thought  it  was  one  of  the  Boman  watch-mounts. 
There  is  another  of  them  at  the  outlet  (A  Uyn  Tegid :  vid  Tom- 
TnmyBala,  Biyn  Tangor,  a  gentleman's  seat  (c/"./).).  BrynyBala, 
near  Aberystwyth  in  Cardiganshire,  signifies  the  outlet  of  a  lake 
{Th.  WiHiaTus),  Bryn  y  Beili,  a  tumulus  near  Wyddgruc ;  Biyn 
y  Pin,  a  camp  and  entrenchment  of  Owen  Gwynedd,  a.d.  1157. 

Brynach  (n.  pr.  v.).  Brynach  Wyddel  o'r  Gogledd  ( JV.  30) ; 
t.  e,,  Brynach,  the  Scot,  from  the  North. 

Brynaich  and  Bby^yce,  Bemdcii,  the  people  of  Bemicia,  north 
of  Britain,  to  the  north  of  the  Tweed  {Tr.  16).  Deifr  a  Brynaich, 
Deira  and  Bemicia. 

Pan  dyfibnt  gwyr  Brynaich  ir  gwartli  Inydd. 

Hoicmau  Myrddin. 
Rhag  gelyn  Brynaich  branhes  dychre. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Gr.  ap  Cynan  ap  O.  (Gwynedd. 

Brynaich  (from  brynniau,  hiUs),  Hill-men.  Deifr  (from  dw/r, 
water),  men  of  the  watery  country. 

Bryt,  a  contraction  of  Brutus.  Ynys  Bryt,  one  of  the  three 
ancient  names  of  Britain  in  some  copies  of  the  Triadea. 

Brtthon,  Britons  or  Britains,  q.  d.  BrUMon,  painted  men.  So 
the  Armoricans  say  Breton ;  Ir.  Breathnach.  Myrddin  WyUt>  who 
was  himself  a  Pictish  Briton,  gives  this  derivation  of  it  from  brith: 

Bryfchon  dros  Saeson, 

Brithwyr  ai  medh. — Hoianau  Myrddin. 

Perhaps  the  northern  Britains  were  at  first  only  called  Brython, 

from  the  colony  of  Picts  among  them,  and  the  southern  called 

BrtUaniaid, 

¥j  nhafawd  yn  frawd  ar  Frython, 

0  F6r  Udd  hyd  F6r  Iwerddon. 

Prydydd  y  Moc\  i  Bodri  ap  0.  Gwynedd. 

Brythonbg,  lingtui  Britarmica, 
Brythwn  or  Brytwn,  a  Britain. 

Goren  Brytwn  hwn  a  henwir. — W.  Lleyn. 

Brythyn  or  Brithyn,  a  Britain ;  q.  d.  brUh-ddyn  (B.  Lhwyd)  ; 

Ir.  BreaihnacK   The  plural  is  Brithon  or  Brython,  Vid.  Brython. 

Bryttaen. 

Ei  henw  ymlaen  Fryttaen  fry, 

Un  o'th  hynaif  wnaeth  hynny. — If.  Swrdwal, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  53 

BitTTRUS.  EdnjTwain  ap  Bleddyn  ap  Br3rtras.  In  another 
place  Bratus. 

BuABTH  ARTHUit,  orMeini  Grwfr,  on  the  mountain  near  Kil  y 
Maen  Uwyd;  a  circular  monument  of  stones,  such  as  those 
ascribed  to  the  Danes.     {E,  Zkoyd.) 

BuARTH  Gadvan  (u.  L).    Vid.  Gadvan. 

Buccus,  in  the  Salique  Law,  is  a  Celtic  word  (bweh)  signify- 
ing a  he-goat  and  a  buck,  which  hath  puzzled  our  glossaries. 

BUDDAI  or  BUDDEI.     Gaer  FuddaL  {Triades),    Vid.  Fuddd. 

BuDDUGRE  (n.  1.).  Bach  Buddugre.  Ilys  Buddugre.  {Ptydydd 
y  Mochy  i  Gr.  ap  C.  ap  0.  Gwynedd.) 

BuELLT  or  BuALLT  (&  hu  and  oZtt),  (kccHff^E.  Uwyd),  a  town 
and  castle  in  Brecknockshire,  on  the  river  Gwy.  This  is  the 
Btdlamm  Silurum  of  Ptolomy,  says  Mr.  Camden;  and  he  says 
the  neighbouring  rocky  country  is  from  this  town  called  Buallt, 
where  Yortigem  retired  from  the  incursions  of  the  Saxons. 
But  he  retired  to  Gwrtheymion,  which  is  not  in  BuaUt.  Near 
this  place  likewise  Uewelyn  ap  Gruffydd  was  betrayed  by  Madog 
Min,  and  killed  a.d.  1282,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  I.  Here  Pas- 
centius,  son  of  Yortigem,  by  permiesion  of  Aurelius  Ambrosius, 
governed,  as  Nennius  says ;  and  in  his  chapter  of  wonders  he 
has  an  odd  story  about  the  print  of  the  fee%  of  King  Arthur's 
hoimd  in  the  stones  to  be  fotmd  here. 

Mr.  Edward  liwyd  questions  whether  Bullseum  was  not  at  a 
place  called  Caerau,  hard  by  Bnellt^  if  at  all  in  tiiis  country ; 
and  there  is  a  place  called  Castellan  hard  by,  and  BueUt  was  the 
name  of  a  small  country  here,  from  whence  the  ancient  BuUseum 
might  be  denominated.     {K  Llwyd.) 

Rhys  ap  Gruff^h  demolished  the  old  castle  of  Buellt,  and  the 
Breoses  and  Mortimers  built  there  a  castle  since.  (Camden,)  Gil- 
bert Earl  of  Gloucester  fortified  this  castle  a.d.  1210.    {Caradoc.) 

It  contains  Swydd  y  Fam,  Y  Drevlys,  and  Isyrwon.  (Price's 
Descr.)    Yid.  Caer  FJUi. 

BuGU,  the  name  of  Beuno's  father.  Yid.  Bywgi  and  Binsi. 
{Befumfs  Life) 

BuiLEE,  one  of  the  sons  of  Glam  Hector,  who  took  the  Isle  of 
Man  from  Tibion,  son  of  Cunedda  Wledig,  and  killed  him  there. 
(Nennius  apud  Price.)     Yid,  Glam  Hector, 


54  CBLTIC  REMAINS. 

Bun  (n.  pr.  f.).  Bun,  the  daughter  of  CuUynawyd  Prydain, 
wife  of  Fflamddwyn,  notorious  for  her  lascivioujsness.  {Tr.  56.) 
Yid.  Fflamddwyn  in  Nennius  and  in  the  Gododin.) 

BuRGEDiNG,  ymhlwy  Cegidfa.     {Yst,  March.) 

BuRGWYN,  or  Byrgwyn,  or  Bykgwin,  Burgundy  in  France. 
ByrgwynioUy  Burgundians. 

Ar  win  Byrgwin  bob  ergyd. — Hytoel  Dafydd, 

Burn  (fl.) :  vid.  Y  Fumwy. 

BwA,  a  bow  to  shoot  with,  or  a  bending.  Several  places  take 
their  names  from  this  word,  as  Y  Bwa  Drain,  Cwm  Bwa,  Pentre'r 
Bwaau.     [Rhos  Bryn  Bwa.—  W.  D,] 

BwcH,  a  buck.  Places  named  from  it ;  as  Hafod  y  Bwch,  a 
gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire,  Boberts ;  Dinbych,  i.  e.,  Dinas 
y  Bychod ;  Gastell  Bwch  in  Henllys,  Monmouthshire ;  Bychryd. 

BwLAN  (n.  L),  k  bw  and  llan. 

BwLCH,  literally  a  gap,  passage,  or  strait.  This  word  is  pre- 
fixed to  several  names  of  places  in  Wales  that  are  passes  through 
mountains.  Bulgium  in  Antoninus'  Itinerary  (Blatwm  Bvlgium) 
is,  I  doubt  not,  one  of  these  Iwlchs  or  passages  in  the  Great  WaU. 
Bwlch  y  Groes ;  Bwlch  Tresame ;  Bwlch  Meibion  Dafydd ; 
Bwlch  Ganeinog ;  Bwlch  y  Bhiwfelen ;  Bwlch  Ffrainc ;  Bwlch 
y  Caleb ;  Bwlch  Coed  y  Mynydd ;  Bwlch  Bosser ;  Bwlch  yr 
Adwy  Wynt ;  T  Bwlch  Glas ;  Bwlch  Carreg  y  Fran ;  Bwlch  yr 
Esgair  Hir ;  Bwlch  Uorien  {Llywarch  Hen),  qiL  whether  Iloren, 
Montgomeryshire  [Denbighshire,  W.  jD.]  ;  Bwlch  y  Ddinas,  a 
castle  in  South  Wales ;  Bwlch  y  Saeth  Lydan,  a  place  on  Wyddfa 
Mountain.     [Bwlch  y  Cibau ;  Bwlch  y  Ddar. —  W.  i).] 

BwLEN,  Bulloign  in  France. 

Y  mae  wylaw  ym  Mwlen 
Yn  ol  ei  wyr  a'i  law  wen. 

Dafydd  Eppynt^  i  Wm.  Herbert. 

BwRDD  Arthur  :  vid.  Owal  y  Viliast. 

BwYDEG  ap  Rhun  Rhuddbaladr. 

Btchan,  little  or  smaU ;  a  surname  of  men.  Cantref  Bydum, 
one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Carmarthenshire,  signifying  the  Little 
Cantref^  there  being  another  called  Cantref  Mavrr,  the  Great 
Cantre£  And  who  is  so  blind  as  not  to  see  that  the  division  of 
the  shire  of  Aberdeen,  in  Scotland,  into  Buchen,  Mar,  and  Strath- 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  55 

bogy,  is  the  ancient  British  division  of  Bychan,  Mawr,  and  Tstrad 
Bogwy? 

Byddar.  Llan  y  Byddar,  Caermarthenshire.  Fairs  kept  here. 
Vid.   Byddair. 

Btbdaib.   Han  y  Byddair,  a  church  in  Carmarthenshire,  near 

theTeifi. 

Bwyd  a  g^in  i'r  byd  a  gair 

Heb  weddn'n  Llan  y  Byddair. — QuttoW  Olyn, 

Byddig  (n.  pr.  f.).    Lat.  Boadicea,     {K  Llioyd) 

Btdno,  a  river  which  runs  fi-om  the  North  to  Llangurig :  hence 
Aberbydno. 

Byrddin,  a  river  which  falls  into  Wysc  at  Bryn  Buga,  the  Bv/r- 
rium  of  Antoninus ;  named,  no  doubt,  from  that  river.  In  Mor- 
den's  map  Brithin.    Vid.  Bryn  Buga  [s.  v.  Bryw], 

Btsaleg  :  vid.  Bassaleck 

Btwyn  ap  Gorddwfyn  or  lorddwfn. 

C. 

Cadafael  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  hostage.  Cadavael  mab  Cynfedw  yng- 
wynedd  (7V.76),one  who  advanced  himself  from  a  native  tenant 
or  slave,  to  a  king  in  Gwynedd.    ( JV.) 

Cadafael  Ynfyd  (n.  pr.  v.).  [Cadafael  is  still  a  name  of  oppro- 
brium ;  but  why  I  Imow  not.  It  cannot  be  from  the  Lat.  cada- 
ver.—W.  R] 

Cadair.    Tudur  ap  Gronw  ap  Howel  y  Gadair. 

C  ADAIR  Arthur,  on  the  southern  hills  in  Brecknockshire,  men- 
tioned by  Giraldus  Cambrensis  in  his  Itinerary.  From  the 
puissant  King  Arthur.  [Also  a  cliff  near  Edinburgh :  vide  BCis- 
tory  of  the  JRebellion  in  1745. —  W.  D,] 

Cadarn,  strong.  Tnys  Oadam,  an  island  near  Anglesey.  It 
is  likewise  the  surname  of  several  persons,  as  Efroc  Gadam,  Der- 
fel  Gadam,  Hawys  Gadarn,  etc.,  etc. 

Cadawc,  Cadoc,  or  Cadog  (n.  pr.  v.)  :  hence  liangadog,  Car- 
marthenshire ;  Hendre  Gadog,  Anglesey. 

Cadawc,  mab  Gwynlliw  Filwr,  un  o'r  tri  chyfion  farchog. 
(TV.  84)     Vid.  Cattwg  Sant. 

Cadog  ap  Gwlyddien. 

Cad  Coed  Llwyfain  :  vid.  Llwyfain. 


56  CELTIC  REBiAINS. 

Gadean  (n.  pr.  v.),  father  of  StradweuL 

Cadeie,  a  poet,  father  of  Elmur.  (TV.  13.) 

Cadell  (n.  pr.  v.).  Cadellus  {Dr.  Daviea).  Bro  Gadell,  Dafydd 
ap  Gwilym's  country. 

Henw  'ng^lad  yw  Bpo  Gadell. — D.  ap  Owilym. 

Cadell,  one  of  the  sons  of  Eodri,  among  whom  he  foolishly 
divided  the  government  of  Wales,  a.d.  877. 

Gadell  Deyrnlltg,  a  poor  man  in  Ifil,  who  entertained  St. 
Gannon  (Germanus)  when  Benlli  Gawr,  the  Prince,  refused  to 
let  him  enter  his  city  to  preach  against  the  Pelagian  heresy  about 
the  year  450.    Vid.  BenlK  Oawr, 

St.  Garmon  went  to  this  poor  man's  cottage  with  aU  his  fol- 
lowers, who  had  nothing  to  entertain  them  but  one  calf  which 
followed  his  cow.  This  calf  he  killed  and  dressed,  and  they  eat 
it  up ;  but  Garmon  ordered  that  not  one  bone  of  it  should  be 
broke  or  lost ;  and  next  morning  the  calf  was 'by  a  miracle  re- 
turned alive  to  the  cow  again.  So  Gadell  and  all  the  region 
came  to  be  baptized  by  St.  Garmon,  and  to  receive  his  doctrine ; 
and  as  a  recompense  for  the  calf,  St.  Garmon  gave  Cadell  his 
blessing ;  and  that  day  made  him  King  of  Powys,  and  promised 
that  of  his  progeny  there  should  be  a  prince  (dux)  there  for  ever) 
and  Nennius  says  the  kings  of  Powys  in  his  days  were  of  his 
seed.  {Nenmus,  c.  xxx-xxxiv.)  I  think  this  was  no  extraordi- 
nary compliment  to  the  kings  of  Powys ;  but  Nennius  delivered 
it  as  he  found  it  in  some  author  of  the  life  of  St.  Germanus, 
perhaps  Constantine. 

Gadell  ap  Gbraint,  the  44th  King  of  Britain.  This  is  he 
whom  the  Triades  call  Gaydyal  ab  Er3nD,  in  whose  time  an  army 
of  65,000  were  hired  here  to  assist  the  Gauls  and  Germans 
against  the  Rconans.    This  was  about  the  time  of 

Gadelling,  the  country  of  Cadell. — Cynddelw, 

Gadek  and  Mynydd  Gader  signify  a  fortified  mountain.  Gader 
Idris ;  Gader  Dinmael ;  Gader  Ferwyn ;  Gader  yr  Ychen ;  Gader 
Arthur ;  Gader  Sidi ;  y  Gader  Ynghomwy.  In  the  Irish,  cathair 
is  a  fort  (&om  cau,  to  enclose ;  and  hence  cadam,  strong). 

Gader  Arthub,  a  fort  on  a  mountain  near  Edinborough, 
Arthur's  northern  palace  being  kept  at  Ediuborough.  (Jo.  Major, 
]Ti$t  Scot,  1.  ii,  c.  6.     So.  say  the  Triades  also.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  57 

Cader  Benllyn,  Cader  Ddinmael,  etc.,  were  ancient  British 
forts. 

Caber  Facsen,  on  Frenni  Vawr  mountain,  Pembrokeshire. 

Cader  Idris,  near  Dolgelleu. 

Cader  Vyrddtn,  i.  e.,  Myrddin's  Fort  or  Castle.  Hence  a  cock 
which  has  a  double  comb  is  called  ceUiog  cader  Fyrddin,  from 
the  comb's  resemblance  to  a  castle. 

Nennius  says  that  Gwrtheym  gave  Myrddin  Emrys  a  castle 
and  all  the  provinces  of  the  west  of  Britain.  "  Tunc  rex  dedit  iUi 
arcem  cum  omnibus  provinciis  pkgSB  Occidentalis  Britannise": 
i  c.,  he  made  him  chief  bard  in  those  countries. 

Cadpach  :  qu.  an  id.  Cadfarch  ? 

Cadfajbl  ap  Cadell. 

Cadvael  :  see  Dincadvael,  an  ancient  strong  fort. 

Cadvan  (n.  pr.  v.),  Latinized  Catamantcs.  Cadvan,  the  106th 
King  of  Britain,  father  of  Cadwallon,  who  was  father  of  Cad- 
waladr,  the  last  King  of  the  Britains.  This  Cadvan  was  Prince 
of  North  Wales,  and  lived  in  Anglesey,  when  the  famous  battle 
was  fought  at  Bangor  is  y  Coed  between  the  Saxons  and  Britains, 
after  the  massacre  of  the  monks  of  Bangor  at  Caerlleon  (West 
Chester)  by  Ethelfrid,  King  of  Northumbria.  This  battle  is 
called,  in  the  Triades,  Gwaith  Perllan  Fangor.  On  the  side  of 
the  Britains  there  were  Bledrws,  Prince  of  Cornwall  and  Devon, 
their  chief  leader ;  Brychwel,  Prince  of  Powys ;  Cadvan,  King  of 
North  W^Jes ;  and  Meredydd,  King  of  Dyfet.  On  the  Saxons' 
side  were  Ethelfrid,  King  of  Northumbria ;  and  Ethelbert,  King 
of  Kent ;  with  all  the  other  petty  princes  of  the  Saxons.  This 
being  a  religious  war  made  them  all  mad ;  for  the  Britains  refus- 
ing to  agree  with  the  tenets  of  the  Church  of  Eome,  brought 
over  with  Austin,  were  cursed  by  him;  and  the  enthusiastic 
Saxon  kings  thought  it  was  a  meritorious  act  to  destroy  such 
obstinate  heretics.  But  the  issue  of  this  battle  was  that  the 
Saxons  Ethelfrid  and  Ethelbert  were  overthrown  with  a  great 
loss,  as  Tyssilio  (who  was  son  of  Brychwel,  one  of  the  generals) 
says,  of  about  ten  thousand  men.  (Tyssilio;  Caradoc's  Chronicle; 
Triades)  Cadvan,  upon  this  defeat  of  the  Saxons,  for  his  be- 
haviour in  this  battle,  was  by  general  consent,  at  West  Chester, 
created  King  of  the  Britains  ;  Bledrws,  their  chief,  being  killed 

8 


58  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

in  the  field.  From  hence  the  Britains  followed  their  conquest, 
and  drove  Ethelfrid  over  the  Hnmber ;  and,  coming  to  an  agree* 
ment  to  let  the  Humber  be  the  boundary,  peace  was  made,  and 
great  friendship  ensued.  Ethelfrid's  queen  being  ill  used  by 
him,  she,  big  with  chUd,  ran  for  shelter  to  Cadvan's  court  in 
Anglesey,  and  there  her  son  Edwin  was  bom  and  brought  up, 
who  was  afterwards  King  of  the  Northumbrians  and  of  the 
Britains  for  some  time.  Yid.  Edmn.  The  Saxon  Annais  place 
this  battle  in  A.D.  607 ;  the  Ulster  Annals  in  613 ;  Dr.  Powel, 
from  Castor,  in  617.  Cadvan  was  buried  at  the  church  of  Eg- 
Iwysael  in  Anglesey,  now  called  Ilangadwaladr,  and  his  grave- 
stone is  there  with  an  inscription. 

Uangadvan  in  the  deanery  of  Pool ;  Buarth  Gadvan ;  Dol- 
gadvan. 

Cadvan  Sant  o  Lydaw.    Uangadvan. 

Cadvan,  Abbot  of  Bardsey. 

Cadfarch  (St.).    Church  at  Penegoes. 

Cad  Gamlan,  the  great  battle  fought  at  Camlan  in  Cornwall, 
in  the  civil  war  between  King  Arthur  and  Medrawd  his  nephew, 
which  ruined  the  Britains.     Vid.  Medrod. 

Cad  (Joddeu  :  vid.  Goddeu. 

Cadgtffro  (n.  pr.  v.),  the  father  of  Gilbert.     (Tr,  29.) 

Cadhayarn  ap  Gwerydd  ap  Ehys  Goch. 

Cadivor  (n.  pr.  v.).  Cadivor  Wyddel,  or  the  Irishman,  lived  at 
the  Pant  uch  Pentraeth  in  Anglesey,  and  was  cotemporary  with 
Owain  Gwynedd  about  the  year  1160,  and  probably  one  of 
GrufiFudd  ap  Cynan's  followers  from  Dublin,  and  a  relation.  It 
seems,  by  the  dark  accounts  we  have  of  this  affair,  that  Ffinog, 
by  whom  Owain  Gwynedd  got  Hywel  ap  Ywain  Gwynedd,  was 
a  sister  of  Cadivor  Wyddel ;  for  it  is  certain  that  he  was  brought 
up  in  Cadivor's  family,  and  that  four  of  the  seven  valiant  sons 
of  Cadivor  died  in  defending  his  cause,  and  in  following  liis  wars. 

Bnant  brwysgion  braisg  arfaeth, 
Bnant  briw  ger  ei  brawd  faetb. 

See  "  Englynion  i  Saith  Mab  Cadifor  Wyddel." 

Tra  fnam  yn  saith,  tri  saith  ni'n  beiddiai, 
Ni'n  ciliai  cyn  an  Uaith. 

Cadifor  ap  Gwaithfoedd. 


OKLTIO  REMAINS.  59 

Cadlys,  a  king's  temporary  camp  or  palace. 

Qrafl  Arthur  a'i  groes  wrthyd 
A'i  lys  a'i  gadlys  i  gyd. 

Cadlys  drain.  Y  Gadlys,  near  Dulas,  Anglesey.  Y  Gadlys  in 
Aberdar,  Glamorgan.    Vid.  Y  Oadlys, 

Cadmor  :  qu.  whether  it  is  a  family,  or  name  of  a  place  ? 

Cado,  tad  Gwrei ;  q.  d.  Cato  (?)  and  Cattw. 

Cadreith,  son  of  Porthfawr  Gadw ;  one  of  tri  unben  IJys 
Arthur.     {Tr.  15.) 

Cadroi)  (n.  pr.  v.).  Cadrod  Calchfynydd,  son  of  Cynwyd  Cyn- 
wydion. 

Cadw  (n.  pr.  v.) :  qu.  whether  Goto,  Cadw  gadr  Swysson,  un 
o'r  tair  colofn  celfyddodion  (one  of  the  three  pillars  of  arts  and 
sciences).    Prydydd  y  Moch,  i  Bodri  ap  Owain  Gwynedd. 

Cadwal  Gryshalawg. 

Cadwaladr  (n.  pr.  v.,  k  cad  and  gwaladr,  q.  d.  a  lord  of  the 
battle).  Cadwaladr,  the  108th  and  last  Loegrian  King  of  the 
Britains,  son  of  Cadwallon.  There  are  several  churches  in  Wales 
dedicated  to  him,  which  is  a  strong  proof  of  his  being  sainted 
by  the  Church  of  Eome,  as  our  British  history  mentions.  But 
Bede's  Catwalda  wants  this  authority  of  being  sainted.  Dan- 
gadwaladr  in  Anglesey ;  Llangadwaladr  Chapel  in  the  parish  of 
Uanrhaiadr,  Denbighshire.    Vid.  Gddvan. 

Cadwallon  (n.  pr.  v.,  k  cad  and  gwallaw, — Dr.  Davies).  Cad- 
wallon ap  Cadvan,  the  107th  King  of  Britain.  He  was  father 
of  CadwalEulr,  the  last  King  of  the  Britains.  This  is  he  that 
Bede,  1.  ii,  c.  20  (in  the  English  translation  from  Dr.  Smith),  calls 
Caedwai  and  CeadwcUl;  and  in  the  Heidelberg  Latin  edition 
(L  iii,c.  l),Cardvslla  and  GedudUa;  and  by  William  of  Malmes- 
bury,  Gadwallin, 

Teulu  CadwaUawn  ap  Cadvan,  un  o'r  tri  diwair  deulu,  followed 
him  in  Ireland  seven  years,  and  never  asked  a  recompense,  for 
fear  of  being  obliged  to  leave  him.     {Triades,  34.) 

Cadwgawn  (n.  pr.  v.,  h,  cad  and  gwgavm, — Dr.  Davies),  Cadw- 
gan  Euffudd,  a  Demetian  poet  of  the  14th  century,  author  of 
Araith  Wgon. 

Da  o  Ddyfed  oed  Cadwgawn  Buffudd, 
Da  o'r  iaith  ddigadd  Araith  Wgawn. 

Marmnad  Trahaearn, 


60  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Cadwr  Wenwyn  ap  Idnerth. 

Cadwynfan  (Y),  enw  Ue. 

Cadyal,  mab  Eryn.  {Tr.  40.)  This  was  Cadell  mab  Geraint, 
the  43rd  King  after  Brutus,  who  gave  that  great  supply  of  men 
to  Urp  Luyddog.    Vid.  Urp. 

Cad  y  Coedanau,  a  battle  fought  by  Lleweljm  ap  lorwerth : 
qu.  whether  against  Davydd  ap  Owen  Gwynedd,  or  Rhodri,  and 
the  Manks  men. 

Gad  y  Coedanan  cadr  anant  borthi 
Bnrthiaist  wyr  yn  ddifant. — Prydydd  y  Mock, 

Brwydr  y  Coettaneu.     (Aer :  Camh.  a.d.  1195.) 
Cadyb  Urdden.     (Breiniau  Powys) 

Cadyryeith  Saidi  (n.  pr.  v.),  or  Cadeiryeith  Saidi  (TV.  89), 
one  of  King  Arthur's  hospitable  knights. 
Caeawc  or  Caeog  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Cadwyr  foddawg 
Elfan,  Cynddylan,  Gaeawg. — Llytoarch  Hen. 

Cae  Du,  in  Llansannan,  Denbighshire.  William  Salisbuty, 
gentleman,  author  of  a  12mo  Gram.  Brit.,  1593  (published,  I  sup- 
pose, after  his  death),  was  of  this  place.  What  W.  Salisbury  was 
author  of  the  Welsh-English  Dictionary,  4to,  1547  ?  Sometime 
member  of  Lincoln's  Inn.     (Nicolson's  £7igL  Hist.  Libr,) 

Caenan  HiL,  enw  He  yn  Sir  Henfifordd. 

Caeo.    Dafydd  Fongam  o  Gaeo. 

Gaer.  This  is  a  most  ancient  Celtic  word  from  the  beginning 
of  times^  and  signifies  an  enclosed  town,  or  fort,  or  stronghold.  It 
is  derived  from  cau,to  shut  or  enclose;  from  hence  also  comes  co^er^ 
a  fort ;  as  Cader  Idris,  Cader  Benllyn,  Cader  Facsen,  Cader  Arthur, 
Cader  Vyrddin,  etc.,  etc. ;  and  the  word  cadam,  strong ;  cademid, 
strength.  Other  ancient  nations  had  words  of  the  same  or  like 
sounds,  to  signify  the  same  thing,  as  Kir,  Kiriah,  Kiriaih,  a 
town ;  Carta  and  Carthago ;  and  Grand  Cairo  in  Egypt.  In  the 
Sarmatic  or  Scythian,  car  and  carm ;  in  the  PartUan^  certa,  as 
Dadoceria,  Tigranocerta,  etc.,  signify  a  town. 

Caer  is  prefixed,  in  the  British,  to  the  names  of  most  of  the 
ancient  British  cities,  as  Caer  Ludd,  London ;  Caerlliony  the  City 
of  Legions^  etc. ;  and  very  often,  where  the  British  hath  caer,  the 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  61 

Saxons  have  put  Oeter,  Oaster,  Cester,  or  Cluster ;  as  for  Oaer  Esc, 
Exeter  or  Exceter ;  for  Goer  Dawn,  Doncaster ;  Oaerwynt,  Win- 
chester, recti  Windchester ;  Goer  Zoyw,  Gloucester.  Therefore, 
for  CaerLvdd  in  this  Dictionary,  see  the  letter  L ;  and  so  of  the 
rest 

Caer  Adanau  or  Adanaw  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cyn- 
ddylan),  perhaps  a  fort  belonging  to  one  Aedenau.  See  Aedenau 
fabGleisiar.    (Tr.) 

Caer  Andred. 

Caer  Arderydd  :  vid.  Arderydd. 

Caer  Ardudwy,  Harlech  in  Meirion.    See  Llech  Ardudwy, 

Caer  yn  Arfon,  a  town  from  which  the  county  of  Caernarvon 
or  Caernarvonshire  (so  called  in  lleweljm  ap  lorwerth's  time, 
1200)  takes  its  name.  The  county  is  called  by  the  natives  Sir 
Od&r^narfon.  Before  the  division  of  Wales  into  counties  it  was 
called,  says  Camden,  Snowdon  Forest ;  and  in  Latin  historians  it 
is  called  Snavdonia,  as  also  Arvonia. 

Camden,  out  of  Matthew  of  Westminster,  says  that  the  body 
of  Constantius,  father  of  Constantino  the  Great,  was  found  here 
in  the  year  1283,  and  buried  in  the  church  of  the  new  town  by 
command  of  Edward  I,  who  at  that  time  built  the  town  of 
Caernarvon  at  the  sea-side,  out  of  the  ruins  of  the  old  city, 
which  lies  higher.  In'Nennius  it  is  called  Ga£T  GiLstenii;  by 
Camden,  out  of  Nennius,  corruptly  Cystenydd ;  in  the  Triades, 
Caer  Arfon, 

In  the  life  of  Gruffydd  ap  Cynan  it  is  said  that  Hu,  Earl  of 

Chester,  built  a  castle  at  Hen  Gaer  Cystennin.     Vid.  Arfon  and 

Ousteint, 

A  Ghaer  yn  Arfon  a  charant  yngnif 

Yngnaws  coll  am  peidiant. 

Prydydd  y  Moehy  i  Lew.  ap  lorwerth. 

Caer  Baladin,  Shaftsbury. 

Caer  Biblin. 

Caer  Bladdon,  Malmesbury .  (Humph.  Llwyd,  Brit,  Descr,,  p.24.) 

Caer  Bro. 

Caer  Caradoc,  Salisbury  {Tk,  Williams) ;  in  Nennius,  Cair 
Caradauc;  in  the  Triades,  Oaer  Caradoc  and  Garadawc  (un  o'r 
tei  dyM  gyfangan). 


62  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Mr.  Camden  (in  Shropshire)  says :  "  Where  the  river  Colunwy 
meets  the  river  Teme  ariseth  a  hill  of  great  antiquity,  called 
Caer  Caradochy  because  about  the  year  of  our  Lord  53,  Carata- 
cus,  a  renowned  British  king,  environed  it  with  a  bulwark  of 
stone,  and  defended  it  gallantly  against  Ostorius  and  the  Eoman 
legions  till  they^  by  Tnaking  a  breach  in  so  slight  a  stone  work 
(some  ruins  of  which  are  yet  to  be  seen),  forced  the  disarmed 
Britains  to  betake  themselves  to  the  tops  of  the  mountains." 
And  so  he  proceeds  with  a  story  out  of  Tacitus,  how  Caratacus 
behaved  at  Some,  etc. 

A  story  thus  confidently  told  by  an  author  so  admired  as 
Camden,  and  in  so  pompous  a  book  as  the  Britannia,  one  would 
have  expected  to  be  unexceptionably  true,  especially  when  such 
authors  as  Tacitus  and  that  excellent  antiquary,  Humphrey 
lioyd,  are  quoted  in  the  margin ;  but  if  you  please  to  look  into 
H.  Doyd's  Breviary  of  Britain,  you  will  find  Mr.  Camden  gives 
the  Britains  no  fair  play.  H.  Uwyd  says  that  he,  travelling  in 
Shropshire  about  the  Earl  of  Arundel's  affairs,  saw  an  ancient 
fort  which  answers  the  description  of  that  passage  in  Tacitus 
about  Caratacus,  which  he  doth  not  doubt  is  the  real  place  where 
Caradoc  fought^  and  fortified  by  art  and  nature.  Mr.  Camden's 
environing  this  hiU  (of  great  antiquity)  about  the  year  53,  and 
Ids  slight  stone  work,  and  the  rains  to  be  yet  seen,  don't  come 
up  to  H.  Llwyd's  description.  And  the  ancient  book  of  Triades 
will  tell  you  that  at  Caer  Caradoc  there  was  a  monastery  con- 
taining 2,400  monks  ;  which  will  not  very  well  agree  with  this 
fortified  hill ;  and  yet  Mr.  Camden  hath  quoted  these  Triades 
twice  in  his  Britannia.  After  this  grand  description  of  the 
battle  he  says :  "  Tho'  our  sorry  historian"  [meaning  Galfrid] 
''hath  omitted  both  this  battle  and  this  gallant  Britain,  the 
country  people  tell  us  that  a  king  was  beaten  upon  this  MIL" 
This  last  is  out  of  H.  Llwyd. 

Caer  Cori  or  Ceri,  Cicester  in  Gloucestershire ;  t.  e,,  Ciren- 
cester:    (H.  Llwyd,  Brit,  Descr.,  p.  24.) 

Caer  Chyrnwy,  Corinium  {E,  Llwyd) ;  probably  Qhwymwy, 
rapid  water.  But  there  is  a  place  in  Anglesey  called  Comwy 
(a  river  runs  by  Caere),  which  sounds  more  like  Corinium.  Also 
Llanvair  Ynghomwy,  and  Y  Gam  Yi^homwy. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  63 

Cabr  Dathal. 

Am  ardai  Gaer  Dathal  doethant. 

CynddekOf  i  Owain  Ghrynedd. 
Caer  Degog,  Mon. 

Caer  Drewin  [near  Corwen]  in  Meirion ;  from  the  Druids, 
as  E.  Llwyd  thinks.     See  Tre'r  Driw. 

Caer  Dro  :  see  Tro. 

Caer  Dtf  (wrote  also  Caerdydd),  Cardiff,  a  town  and  castle 
in  the  east  of  Morganwg.  (Powel,  123.)     See  Dyf. 

Ni  chair  y  dwr  uwch  Caerdyf 
Eisian  arian  i'r  siryf. — leuan  Tew. 

Sir  a  gawn  sy  aer  gennyf 

Eisiaa  'r  gwr  daeth  sir  Oaerdyf. — Lewya  Morganwg. 

Caer  Dduwarbawl. 

Caer  Eillion,  in  Powys  (Owelygorddau  Powys),    See  EiUion.. 

Caer  Ennarawd  (Triadea.)    Another  copy,  Oa^r  Ouarad. 

Caereneon  or  Caereinion  Yrth,  in  Montgomeryshire ;  part 
of  Powys  Wenwynwyn,  near  Cymmer ;  one  of  the  two  commots 
of  Cantref  Ilyswynaf.     (Price's  Descript.) 

Caer  Fallwch,  a  gentleman's  seat.    («/".  Z>.) 

Caer  Ferwig,  Berwick. 

Curo  k  blif  ddylif  ddelw 

Cemg  Caerferwig  fyrwelw. — lolo  Goch^  i  Edward  III. 

Vid.  Y  Ferwig  and  Aberwig, 

Caer  F8n,  qn-  whether  Beaumaris.  (leican  ap  Huw  Oae  Llvyyd) 
Caervyrddin,  now  called  in  English  Caermarthen,  a  seaport 
town  and  chief  of  the  county  of  Caermarthen  in  South  Wales. 
Jo.  Major  (Hist  Scot,  1.  ii)  calls  it  Garmadyne  and  Oarmalin. 
Since  a  neighbouring  author  of  no  greater  antiquity  than  a.d. 
1521  can  thus  blunder,  and  murder  names  of  places,  what  can 
we  expect  in  Ptolomy,  Antoninus,  etc.  ?  What  are  we  to  trust 
to,  then,  but  our  own  ancient  authors,  poets,  etc.  ?  In  one  copy 
of  the  Triades,  Gaer  Verdin. 

Caer  Gai,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Meirion,  not  far  from  Uyn 
Tegid.  Camden  calls  it  Cains'  Gastle,  built  by  one  Caius,  a 
Roman ;  but  he  doth  not  say  when,  and  only  says  the  common 
people  of  that  neighbourhood  report  great  things  of  him,  and 
scarce   credible.     (Camden  in  Merionethshire,)     The  common 


64  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

people  never  heard  of  "  Caius,  a  Roman",  nor  any  other  "Roman" 
there ;  but  the  ancient  tradition  is,  as  well  as  the  written  his- 
tory and  works  of  the  poets,  that  Gai  Hit,  penswyddwr  yn  Llys 
Arthur  {i.  e.,  Cai  the  Long,  chief  officer  in  Arthur's  palace),  had 
a  seat  here ;  probably  his  family  seat. 

Caee  Gangen,  Canterbury. 

Caer  Gidwm,  yn  Eryri,  uwch  ben  Llyn  Tarddenni. 

Caer  Gleddyf,  Tenby.     {Th,  Williams.) 

Caer  Golinn.    P.  V. 

Caergreig,  a  castle  on  an  island  in  Scotland  (Flaherty,  p.  1), 
which  he  takes  to  be  the  Urhs  Ghiidi  of  Bede ;  in  Lat.,  Victoria. 
(Bede,  L  i,  c.  12,  p.  36,  EngL)  This  island  is  in  the  middle  of 
the  arm  of  the  sea  called  Edenborough  Frith  or  Forth  Frith. 

Caergreu.   {Tr.  35.)     See  Oreu, 

Caergwrleu  or  Gwrle,  a  village  in  Flintshire. 

Caergyffin,  Conwy.     (Price's  Description) 

Caer  Hawystl. 

Caer  Hen  (Camden  in  Carnarvonshire) ;  corruptly  for  Caer 
Ehun,  i,  e,,  Rhun's  Castle,  and  not  old  dty,  as  Mr.  Camden 
would  have  it;  and  after  him  E.  Uwyd,  who  was  not  well  enough 
versed  in  our  history  to  know  that  Rhun  ap  Maelgwn  lived  at 
this  place ;  which,  notwithstanding,  might  have  been  before  a 
Roman  station  by  the  name  of  Conovium,  as  it  is  plain  it  was 
by  a  Roman  hypocaust  discovered  near  the  church  of  Caer  Rhun; 
unless  we  allow  that  Rhun,  who  was  near  the  time  of  the 
Romans,  might  make  a  hypocaust  there.  Mr.  Ilwyd  imagines 
this  place  was  called  by  the  Britains  Caer  Lleion  ar  Gynwy^ 
because  a  hill  near  it  is  called  Mynydd  Caer  Lleion.  Tliis  shews 
a  fertile  fancy,  but  we  have  no  authority  of  writers  for  it. 

Caerleil:  see  Carlisle. 

Caerlleon  Gawr,  a  city  now  called  Westchester  and  Chester. 
It  was  called  by  the  Saxons  Legeacester;  by  Antoninus,  in  Ms 
Itinerary,  called  Defoa;  by  Ptolomy,  Deunana;  Bede  (1.  ii,  c.  2) 
says  the  Britains  called  it  Carlegion,  meaning  some  Britain  that 
had  wrote  in  Latin ;  by  the  Triades,  Caer  Lleon;  by  Tyssilio, 
Caer  Lleon,  because  built  by  lleon,  King  of  Britain ;  by  Nen- 
nius,  Cair  Legion  Gaur  vsir,  which  by  the  blundering  of  tran- 
scribers is  unintelligible  ;  in  the  Saoson  Annals,  Legerdestere  and 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  65 

Legacestre;  by  the  British  poets  and  native  Britains,  Caerlleon 
Gawr. 

Caerlleon  Oawr  i  fawr  i  fach. — L.  0,  Gothi. 

But  sometimes,  when  it  is  to  be  distinguished  from  Caerllion  ar 

Wysg,  it  is  called  Caerlleon  arDdyfrdvn/,  i,  e.,  Caerlleon  on  the  river 

Dee ;  and  not  Oaer  Leon  ar  dufyr  Bwy,  as  Mr.  Camden  is  pleased 

to  name  it.    The  Britains  never  call  it  Caer  Legion ;  nor  is  such 

a  name  to  be  found  in  any  of  their  writings,  except  in  that  ill 

wrote  Latin  catalogue  of  cities  in  Nennius,  done  by  ignorant 

transcribers,  who  trimmed  it  to  agree  with  Bede.    Mr.  Camden 

hath  taken  a  good  deal  of  pains  to  deprive  the  Britains  of  the 

honour  of  being  the  first  founders  of  this  city ;  as  if  his  own 

honour  had  been  at  stake  if  he  could  not  give  it  the  Bomans,  to 

whom  he  is  very  liberal  at  the  cost  of  the  poor  Britains.    These 

are  Ms  words :  "  Tho*  I  know  ^omt  do  aver  it  to  be  older  than 

the  moon ;  to  have  been  built  many  thousands  of  years  ago  by 

the  Giant  Leon  Vaur."    According  to  Mr.  Camden,  the  Giant 

Leon  Vaur  was  older  than  the  moon.    But  who  are  these  some 

that  aver  so  ?    No  British  author  hath  any  such  words,  though 

Mr.  Burton,  in  his  Notes  on  Antoninus,  makes  use  of  the  very 

same  phrase  with  Mr.  Camden,  pointing  at  the  British  history  and 

tradition.   Galfrid,  who  was  as  ignorant  as  Camden  of  this  affair, 

hath  in  his  Latin  translation  turned  the  name  Leon  into  Leil; 

and  this  because  he  found  a  city  called  OaerleU  in  the  north  of 

the  island,  which  he  thought  agreed  better  with  his  author's 

description.    But  these  are  the  words  of  Tyssilio,  the  original 

British  author,  which  Galfrid  maimed  in  the  translation  :  "  Ef  a 

adeilawdd  ddinas  yngogledd  yn  ynys  hon  ac  ai  gelwis  oi  enw  ei 

him  Caerlleon";  i,  e,,  he  built  a  city  on  the  north  side  of  this 

island,  and  called  after  his  own  name,  Caerlleon. 

Mr.  Camden  says  "the  Britains  cedled  this  city  Caerlegion, 
Caer  Leon  Vaur,  and  Caer  Leon  ar  dufyr  Dwy."  No  writers 
among  the  Britains,  except  the  maimed  Nennius,  call  it  Caer 
Legion,  nor  did  the  native  Britains  ever  make  use  of  such  a 
name  in  their  own  tongue.  And  as  for  "  Caer  Leon  Vaur",  it  is 
a  fictitious  name  of  Mr. Camden's  own  creation;  either  confound- 
ing Oaivr  and  Varvr  through  his  ignorance  of  the  language,  or 
else  setting  up  a  shadow  of  a  king  or  a  giant  to  be  demolished 

9 


f' 


66  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

by  himself.  The  Britains  never  heard  of  lieon  Vauv,  %,  e.  Leon 
the  Great,  in  the  writings  of  their  nation,  or  anywhere  else  but  in 
Camden ;  and  they  do  not  deny  but  that  the  words  *'Lleon  Vawr" 
in  the  British  may  signify  a  great  legion,  as  Mr,  Camden  would 
have  it,  by  only  changing  the  letter  e  into  i,  and  so  make  it  ifoVm, 
which  is  tlie  way  they  write  Caerllion  ar  Wysg,  which  they 
allow  might  take  its  name  from  a  legion  quartered  there,  the  old 
name  being  Caerwysg. 

A  mi  ynhref  Gaerllion. — L.  O,  Cothi. 
Mawr  yw'r  cri  ynghaerllion. 

But  why  should  letters  be  changed  to  please  the  fancy  of  a 
modem  writer,  against  the  ancient  national  history  and  universal 
consent  of  the  people,  who  always  called  it  Caerileon  Oaior,  and 
not  Vaivr,  Mr.  Camden  had  some  notion  that  there  was  a  Omar 
(which  he  translates  a  giant)  in  some  pari;  of  the  story;  for,  says 
he,  "  whether  it  is  not  more  natural  to  derive  the  name  of  this 
city  from  a  great  legion,  or  the  Giant  Leon,  let  the  worid  judge." 
But  whether  he  did  not,  on  purpose,  confound  Gator  and  Vator, 
let  the  worid  again  judge. 

"There  are  young  antiquaries",  says  Mr.  Camden  in  great 
triumph,  "  who  make  this  city  older  than  the  moon,  and  to  have 
been  built  by  the  Giant  Leon  Vaur ;  and  the  name  itself  may 
convince  them  of  the  greatness  of  this  error."  After  all  this 
flourish  of  the  moon  and  of  the  "Giant  Leon  Vaur*',  a  creature 
of  his  own  head,  the  character  of  a  young  antiquary  will  fall 
i;ipon  Mr.  Camden  himself  when  the  world  (who,  according  to 
his  own  proposal,  is  to  be  judge)  sees  that  Lleon  Gawr  in  the 
British  doth  not  signify  Leon  the  Giant,  but  Lleon  the  Prince  or 
King ;  and  in  that  sense  all  the  ancient  writers  understood  the 
word  caivr ;  and  he  was  never  by  the  Britains  called  Lleon 
Vmor,  nor  by  any  writer  but  Mr.  Camden,  that  I  have  met  with. 
Gawr,  in  the  dialect  of  the  Cambrians,  was  an  epithet  given  to 
the  most  warlike  of  their  princes,  as  was  Gwledig  among  the  Loe- 
grian  Britains,  and  P'tnodaivr  among  the  Albanian  Britains. 

Gamp  cawr  y w  cwympo  caerydd, 

says  lorwerth  Fynglwyd ;  t.  e.,  the  quality  of  a  caivr  is  to  over- 
throw walls  of  cities,     Benlli  Ga\^T,  Phili  Gawr,  Idris  Gawr, 


CELTIC  EEMAINS.  67 

Othrwm  Gawr,  Khitta  Gawr,  Ehuddlwm  Gawr,  Deon  Gawr,  etc., 
were  valiant  princes  who  got  their  surnames  for  their  valour  and 
wisdom ;  and  Nimrod  is  called  "  Nemrwth  Gawr"  {Sion  Cert) ; 
so  Henry  VIII  is  called  by  one  of  our  poets, 

Cater  paun  Mdn  carw  Pen  Mynydd. — Sion  Brwynog. 

Tman  fu*r  cyfrdan  ddwyn  Cawt  y  Cedyrn 
A' a  ceidwad  a'n  blaenawr. — Whys  Brychan, 

"  Cawr  y  Cedym"  is  the  prince  of  the  strong  men. 

But  to  close  this  argument.  I  have  seen  in  Hengwrt  Library 
a  MS.  in  the  handwriting  of  Dr.  Thomas  Williams,  author  of  the 
Latin-British  part  of  Dr.  Davies'  Dictionary,  which  gave  an 
account  of  all  the  ancient  forts  on  the  mountains  of  Wales,  with 
the  names  of  the  princes  that  built  them :  such  as  Cawr  Idris, 
Cawr  Othrwm,  etc.,  etc.,  who  were  no  more  giants  than  Mr.  Camden 
was ;  and  in  the  ancient  book  called  the  British  Triades  (which 
I  copied  in  that  library,  a.d.  1738,  out  of  the  handwriting  of  the 
great  antiquary  Mr.  Eobert  Vaughan,  compared  with  four  ancient 
MSS.  on  vellum),  I  find  King  Arthur's  third  wife  was  Gwen- 
hwyvar,  the  daughter  of  Ogyrfan  Gawr;  the  same  Queen  that 
was  dethroned  by  his  nephew,  Medrawd,  when  Arthur  followed 
his  wars  in  GauL 

Now  I  ask,  in  my  turn,  as  Mr.  Camden  did  about  Caerlleon, 
whether  it  is  more  natural  to  say  that  Arthur,  a  King  of  Britain, 
married  the  daughter  of  Prince  Ogyrfan,  or  of  the  Giant  Ogyrfan, 
and  let  the  world  judge.    See  Leonis  Castrum,  Holt,  and  Lleon, 

Caerlewon  :  see  Llewon, 

Caebliwelydd  :  see  Lliwelydd. 

Caek  Lyn  {Triades) :  see  Zlyn. 

Caermalet,  or  Camalet,  or  Camalot,  Llys  Camalot  {Llyfr  y 
Greal,  apud  Arch,  Brit,  p.  262), one  of  the  palaces  of  King  Arthur 
in  Somersetshire  (Humphrey  Llwyd,  Brit  Descr,,  p.  24,  ed.  1731) ; 
rightly  Cwm  Aled.  See  Akd,  Camalodunum,  and  CaTribodunum, 
in  Antoninus'  Itinerary,  of  the  same  original 

Caer  Melwr,  a  place  near  Uanrwst ;  not  Cae'r  Milwr,  as  some 
think. 

Caerneddog,  ym  Mon.  {MS.)  Maethlu  Sant  ynghaemeddog 
ym  Mon. 


68  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Ca£R  Offa,    Ofifa's  Ditch,  between  England  and  Wales. 

Oeidwad  ar  y  ddwywlad  dda 

Yw  Graffadd  dan  Gaer  Offa. — Hywel  Oikm. 

Q.  d.  Ofia's  Fortification.    See  Clawdd  Offa. 

Caer  Philt:  vid.  Ffili.  The  BvMceum  SUurvm  of  the  Romans, 
as  Mr.  Ed.  Llwyd  thinks.  (Notes  on  Glamorgan.)   See  Caer  VwL 

Caer  Reged,  the  old  name  of  Aberystwyth. 

A  chastell  oafell  y  cawn 

Gaer  Beged  nwch  owrr  eigiawn. 

Morus  Llwyd  WtUamf  i  yrra'r  Oleisiad  i  Aberystwyth. 

Caer  Sallawc. 

Pan  fon  gorforyon  meibion  Eidawc 
Y  bydd  bore  taer  uwch  Caer  Sallawc. 

Hoianau  Myrddin, 
Caer  Segont,  Caernarvon.    (Price's  Descr.) 
Caer  Swys,  a  town  once  in  Montgomeryshire ;  destroyed  in 
war,  now  in  ruins. 

Dwy  Bowys  a  Ghaer  Swys  wen. — L.  0.  Gothu 

So  it  was  distinct  from  the  two  Powyses.    See  Sioys. 
Caer  Tre  Baris,  Paris  in  France. 

Tor  a  bwrw  Oaer  Tre  Baris 

Trwy  warr  FfraiQC  fal  torri  flfris. — lorwerth  Fynglwyd. 

Caervarchell,  Pembrokeshire  (from  Marchell,  n.  p.  v.). 

Caer  Vorran,  a  place  on  the  Roman  Wall,  near  Kirkwall  and 
Ashler ;  of  which  Mr.  Camden  could  give  no  account.  (Gamden 
in  Northvmberland.)  The  Wall  is  here  thicker  than  elsewhere. 
See  Wa/rhurton. 

Caervwl,  Caervul,Caervyl,  and  Caervyli;  Mr.  Edward  Ilwyd's 
guesses  at  the  British  name  of  Caer  Phili,  which  he  makes  to  be 
the  BtUlceum  Silurum  of  the  Romans,  and  not  Buallt,  which 
Mr.  Camden  guessed  to  be  the  Bvllccum ;  and  yet  Mr.  Llwyd 
owns,  in  his  Notes  on  Camden^  that  no  Roman  coins,  inscriptions, 
statues,  bricks,  or  arms,  have  been  found  at  Caer  Phili. 

Caerwedros,  a  castle  mentioned  by  Cynddelw  to  Howel  ap 
Owain  Gwynedd,  a.d.  1150.    Qu.  Gwaedros  ? 

Caerwedros  cafas  y  ganthaw 

Cadam  dan  gwan  try  wan  trwyddaw. — Oyndddw. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  69 

Also  a  lordship  in  Cardiganshire,  one  of  the  three  commots  of 
Cantref  Castell. 

Agos  yw  Gaerwedros  ym. — Deio  ap  leuam,  Bu, 

Caer  Went,  the  Venta  Silurv/m,  of  Antoninus,  a  village  four 
miles  from  Chepstow.  (Camden)  See  GwerU;  not  so  called  from 
Venta  {JS.  Llwyd),  but  Venta  from  Gwent. 

Caer  Weryud,  Lancaster;  made  by  Gwrgan  Farfdrwch.  {MS.), 
Caerwts,  a  town  and  castle  in  Englefield,  now  Flintshire, 
called  by  Camden  "  Caerwysk". 

Rhwyfwyr  cad  rhyfawr  en  c^ys 

Bhychorion  Bhiw  a  Ghaer^ys. — 2).  ap  Edmwnt, 

Caerwysg,  the  Oastrum  Oskee  of  Giraldus ;  the  Burrium  of 
Antoninus ;  and  Bryn  Buga^  from  Bv/rem  iegi,  {Oamden  in  Mon- 
rxumththire.) 

Caer  Wythelin,  Vitellinus. 

Caer  t  Berllan,  Meirion;  a  gentleman's  seat,  and  an  old  fort 
in  ruins,  whose  lime  was  made  with  cockle-shells  burnt  There 
were  no  limestones  till  of  late  discovered  in  Merionethshire. 

Caer  Ynwch,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Meirion. 

Caer  Tstwyth,  the  garrison  town  of  Aberystwy tL 

Gaer  Ystwyth  oil  Grist  a'th  ad.— D.  I.  Uicyd. 

Caeth  :  qu.  a  river?  Uwch  Caeth  and  Is  Caeth,  two  conflnots 
in  Cantref  Brenhinol,  Morganwg. 

Caffo  (St.).  LlangaflFo  Chapel,  Anglesey.  They  used  to  offer 
young  cocks  to  St.  Caffo. 

Cai  (n.  pr.v.);  Lat.  Gains  i  Cai  mab  Cynyr,  tywysog  Amgyw 
neu  Angyw,  uno'r  tri  thaleithiog  Cad  Ynys  Prydain.  (TV.  26.) 
Cai,  penswyddwr  Arthur;  to  him  he  gave  Peitw  and  Angyw. 
{TyssUio) 

Cai  ap  Ithel,  in  King  Arthur's  time. 

Cai  Hir  ap  Edwyn. 

Cai  Hir  ap  Sefin  (Tmddiddan  Arthur  a  Gwenhvyvar).  See 
Caergai, 

C AiAN  (St.) :  hence  Tregaian,  a  church  and  parish,  Anglesey.  See 
GHvyr.  This  and  several  other  churches  in  Anglesey  are  called 
chapels,  though  they  have  parishes  belonging  to  them.  But  they 
are  called  chapels  because  there  are  two  or  three  of  them  included 


70  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

in  a  rectory,  being  singly  too  poor  to  maintain  a  minister,  which 
seems  to  be  the  original  reason  of  joining  two  or  three  parishes 
in  one  cure.     See  Ceianus. 

Cain,  fl.  (hence  Abercain),  falls  into  the  Maw  below  Dolgelleu. 

Cain  ach  Evrog  Gadarn. 

Cainradh  ach  Evrog  Gadarn. 

Caint  (fl.),  mentioned  in  Llywarch  Hen  (Marwnad  Cadwallon 

ap  Cadvan) : 

Llnest  Cadwallon  ar  Graint. 

Caint,  Kent,  the  county  of  Kent ;  called  also  Ceint,  Cent,  or 
Cynt ;  derived  of  cyntaf,  or  the  first  inhabited  part  of  Britain. 

Goer  Gaint,  Canterbury ;  q.  d.  the  City  of  Kent. 

Kentish  men,  Cyntiaid  or  Cynniaid.     See  Oeint 

Caio  or  Caeo,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Bychan, 
Caermarthenshire.     (Price's  Description.) 

Caioros,  in  Doomsday  Book  (Cheshire) ;  corruptly  for  Caerwys, 
a  village  in  Englefield,  now  Flintshire. 

Caissar,  Caessar,  and  Caisar,  Julius  Csesar. 

Caled.     Iddon  Galed  ap  Trehayarn. 

Calatyr,  Caledonia.     (E,  Llwyd) 

Calchfynydd  (n.  L),  q.  d.  the  chalky  mountain ;  perhaps  the 
Boman  Calcaria.  Cadrod  Calchfynydd,  Earl  of  Dunstable,  about 
A.D.  560. 

Caldecotb  {Doomsday  Boole),  Calcoed,  in  Flintshire. 

Caledfwlch,  Anglic^  Hardnotch,  the  name  of  King  Arthur's 
sword  in  Tyssilio's  British  History.  This  word  old  English 
writers,  after  their  usual  ignorance  or  negligence,  have  turned 
into  Gaiibum,  which  hath  very  little  affinity  with  the  original 
See  Spelman's  Glossary  in  the  word  Galxburn;  and  Hoveden  in 
Eichard  I,  in  whose  time  this  famous  sword  of  King  Arthur  was 
in  being,  and  surrendered  or  delivered  by  Richard  I  to  Tancred. 

It  was  the  custom  among  other  warlike  nations  to  give  names 
to  their  swords ;  but  the  ancient  Britains  took  a  particular  pride 
in  adorning  their  swords,  and  making  them  polished  handles  of 
the  teeth  of  sea-animals  (see  Solinus,  Polyhistor,  c.  xxv) ;  and 
their  warlike  disposition  and  love  of  the  sword  was  such,  that  it 
was  the  custom  for  the  mother  of  every  male  child  to  put  the 
first  victuals  into  the  child's  mouth  on  the  point  of  his  father's 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  71 

sword,  and  with  the  food  to  give  her  first  blessing  or  wish  to 
him,  that  he  might  die  no  other  death  but  in  war  and  arms. 
(Solimis,  Polyhidor ;  Selden,  Mar,  Glaus,,  1.  ii,  3,  2.)  Nay,  this 
nation,  by  long  struggling  in  defence  of  their  country,  had  got 
to  such  an  enthusiastic  pitch  of  warlike  madness,  that  I  have 
read  in  an  ancient  British  MS.  now  at  Hengwrt,  that  it  was  cus- 
tomary, when  a  man  grew  old  and  infirm  among  them,  to  desire 
his  children  or  next  relations  to  pull  him  out  of  bed  and  kill 
him,  lest  the  enemy  might  have  the  pleasure  of  that  office,  or 
that  he  should  die  cowardly  and  sordidly,  and  not  by  the  sword. 
See  Prydwen, 

Caletwr,  a  river  in  Cardiganshire,  q.  d.  dwr  ceded.  Hence 
Dol  y  Clettwr,  near  Tre'r  Ddol ;  i  e.,  Tre  Dol  y  Clettwr.  Castell 
Humphrey,  in  the  valley  of  Calettwr,  fortified  A.D.  1150  by 
Howel  ap  Owain  Gwynedd. 

Callestb.  Caer  y  Gallestr,  Flint.  {Thos,  Williams,)  See  Fflint, 

Cam.  Uwyth  y  Cam,  a  family  in  Anglesey,  anciently  in  great 

note.  Elicui,  the  founder  of  Uan  Elian  Church  about  A.D.  500  or 

sooner,  had  the  surname  of  Ceimiad,    EUan  was  the  son  of  All- 

tud  Bedegog,  and  the  expression  in  Mabinogi  favours  this. 

Cymmorth  gan  Elian  Ceimiad. 

Y  Prydydd  Bychan,  in  the  13th  century,  mentions  Uwyth  y 
Cam  and  Ceimiad.  Elian  Ceimiad,  Beuno  Geimiad,  etc.  Some 
think  they  had  this  appellative  because  they  were  swift  of  foot, 
or  great  travellers. 

See  Marwnad  Madog  Mon ;  also  Prydydd  y  Moch  to  Eodri 
ap  Ywain  Gwynedd,  lord  of  Anglesey. 

Ef  gogawn  glyw  Oammawn  Ceimiad. 

See  Gam  and  Elian  (St.). 

Camafan  (n.  1.) ;  perhaps  Cwmavan. 

Camalac,  a  British  Bishop  carried  away  captive  by  the  Danes 
from  Irchenfeld  (Erging),  which  they  laid  waste  with  fire  and 
sword,  A.D.  715.  {Camden  in  'Herefordshire^  Probably  Cyfelach 
(Llangyfelach). 

Camber  ap  Brutus,  neu  Camber  ap  Prydain. 

Camddin,  Lat.  Gawhodunvm.    {E,  Llwyd) 

Camddwr  and  Camdwr  (fl.)  in  Cardiganshire.     Y  Camddwr 


72  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Mawr,  Camdwr  Bach,  rivers  that  run  into  EheidioL  Aber  Cam- 
ddwr.  Ehyd  y  Camddwr,  Pont  ar  Gamddwr,  the  ford  and  bridge 
on  a  river  Camddwr,  which  falls  into  Teivi  in  Cardiganshire. 
Here  a  battle  was  fought  between  Gronwy  and  Llewelyn,  sons 
of  Cadwgan  ab  Bleddyn,  etc.,  against  Rhys  ap  Owen,  to  revenge 
their  grandfather's  death,  where  Khy s  and  Rh^herch  ap  Caradog 
were  defeated,  A.D.  1072. 

Camelon  (pronounced  Camlan),  near  Falkirk  in  Scotland,  on 
the  river  Alaun,  hath  its  name  from  hence,  i  e.,  Cwm  Alawn. 

Camlas  (fl.)  falls  into  the  Wysg  in  Brecknockshire :  hence 
Aber  Camlas. 

Cammabch,  a  river  that  falls  into  the  Irwon.  Llangammarch 
in  the  diocese  of  St.  David's. 

Camryd  ;  Lat.  Oanriboritum,  {E.  Llioyd.)  Hence  Camryd  near 
Conwy,  vulgo  Cymryd.    The  river  fordable  there. 

Canawl,  one  of  the  four  cantrefe  of  Ceredigion.  (Price's  De- 
script.) 

Cangellwr,  a  chancellor ;  Lat.  cancdlarvus.  Cangel,  a  chancel 
(fipom  can  and  cell),  originaUy  the  singing-room  in  a  monastery, 
etc.    But  see  about  twenty  derivations  of  this  word  in  Spelman. 

Canologion,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Lleyn. 
(Price's  Descript) 

Canon  Ctnllaith.  Gwenddydd,  in  Gyfoesau  Myrddin,  calls 
her  brother  Merddin  "Cydymaith  a  Chanon  Cynllaith."  See 
Machynlleth  and  Cynllaith.  Qu.,  whether  he  was  a  canon  of  some 
cathedral  of  that  name  ? 

Gan  wyt  Oydymaith  a  Chanon  Cynllaith. — Kyf,  M,  a  G. 

Cantbef,  a  cantred  or  hundred,  from  cant  and  tref,  a  hundred 
townships  or  villas. 

Cantref  a  chan  Eidionydd. — Llywarch  Hen, 

Spelman,  therefore,  is  mistaken  when  he  supposes  the  Cambro- 
Britains  had  not  this  division  of  countries  from  their  ancestors, 
but  from  Alfred  and  the  Saxons.  If  Llywarch  Hen  had  not  said 
it,  the  very  word  cantref,  being  British  and  Irish,  shews  it. 

Cantref  Bychan  :  see  By  chan. 

Cantref  Castell,  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Cardiganshire, 
anciently  contained  Mabw)nttion  and  Caerwedros.  (Price's  De- 
script) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  73 

Cantref  Cemmaes,  one  of  the  three  cantrefs  of  Anglesey,  con- 
taining the  commots  of  Talybolion  and  Twrcelyn. 

Cantref  Coch  (Y),  the  Forest  of  Dean. 

Cantref  CYNAN,one  of  the  five  cantrefs  of  Powys  Wenwynwyn, 
containing  anciently  the  commots  of  Cjrfeiliog  and  Mowddwy. 
(Price's  Descr.) 

Cantref  Gwaelod.  The  great  bay  between  Lleyn  and  Aber- 
ystwyth, called  by  sailors  Cardigan  Bay,  was  a  tract  of  level 
ground  belonging  to  Gwyddno  Garanhir.  It  was  overflowed  by 
the  sea  about  the  year  500.  There  is  some  account  of  this  acci- 
dent in  Llyfr  Du  Caerfyrddin, — "  Caniad  pan  aeth  y  Mdr  dros 
Gantref  Gwaelod."    [A.  B.,  ii,  59.] 

Ardal  dwfyn  boewal  Dinmilwy, 
Eissytyn  gwylein. 

Prydydd  y  Mochy  i  Lew.  ap  lorwerth. 

The  boundary  to  the  north  seems  to  have  been  Sam  Badrig. 
Tradition  has  it  that  there  were  several  towns  there  which  were 
swallowed  up  or  overflowed.  It  seems  there  were  dams  between 
it  and  the  sea,  and  that  by  drunkenness  the  floodgates  were  lefb 
oi)en,  as  that  ancient  poem  hints.  Morus  Ilwyd  Wiliam,  a.d. 
1560  (i'r  Gleisiad)  says : 

Cyfeiria  acw  foroedd 

Lie  bu'r  tir,  llwybr  it*  oedd. 

Mr.  Vaughan,  in  his  British  Antiquities  Bevived,  mentions  it. — 
Trees  in  the  bay ;  a  stone  with  an  inscription. 

Caper  ap  Puder. 

Caph,  the  58th  King  of  Britain. 

Capoir,  the  68th  King  of  Britain,  which  one  copy  calls  Pdbo, 

Cappel  Coch  in  Brecknockshire.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Caractacus,  Caradog ;  but  doth  not  signify  warrior,  as  Ains- 
worth  makes  him. 

Caradoc  (n.  pr.  v.),  also  Caradog,  beloved  (k  car) ;  latinized 

Caradocus  and  Oaractacus.   Hence  Caer  Caradoc  in  the  catalogue 

of  cities  in  the  Triades;  in  Nennius*  catalogue,  Ga^r  Garadauc; 

and  in  a  MS.,  Caer  Gradauc.     {Tr,  19,  23.)     "  Un  o'r  tri  dyfal 

gyfangan."    A  prince  of  Gwynedd  of  this  name  was  taken  by 

the  Romans,  whose  behaviour  was  admired  by  them ;  and  as  our 

countryman  hath  described  it, 

10 


74  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Boma  catenatam  tremait 
Spectare  Britannum. — E.  W, 

[Nage,  Tywysog  y  Gwenhwyson  (Silures)  ydoedd  Garadoc  ab 
Bran.     Gwel  Achau  lestin  ab  Gwrgan. — I,  Jf.] 

Cabadoc  0  Langarvan,  Garadocus  Zancarovanensis  {Leland), 
author  of  the  Hiatoiy  of  the  Kings  and  Princes  of  Wales  from  Cad- 
waladr,  the  last  King  of  Britain,  to  a.d.  1157»  He  was  a  monk  of 
the  Abbey  of  Llangarvan,  and  was  cotemporary  with  Galfhd  the 
translator  of  the  British  History  from  Brutus  to  Cadwaladr.  Le- 
land  says  he  could  not  find  whether  the  History  was  first  wrote  in 
British  or  Latin ;  but  that  he  believed  Garadoc  first  wrote  it  in 
Latin,  and  not  in  Gambro-British.  (Leland,  Script  Brit,  c.  162.) 
If  so,  how  happens  it  that  no  Latin  copy  of  it  can  be  met  with, 
and  that  Humphrey  Llwyd  made  his  English  translation  from  the 
Gambro-British,  which  Dr.  Powel  afterwards  published  with  his 
learned  annotations  ?  The  name  of  that  history  among  the 
Gambro-Britains  is  Brut  y  Tyvrysogion,  There  are  several  British 
copies  in  Wales,  and  one  in  Llyfr  Coch  o  Hergest  in  Jesus  Gol- 
lege,  Oxford. 

CAEADOG  (St.).  Llangradog.  His  life  was  written  by  Giral- 
dus  Gambrensis,  who  lived  near  his  time,  and  is  in  Gapgrave.  He 
was  first  in  great  favour  with  Ehys,  Prince  of  South  Wales ;  but 
falling  out  with  the  Prince,  he  entered  himself  monk  in  the 
church  of  St.  Teilo  in  Llandaf ;  from  thence  retired  to  the  deso- 
late church  of  St.  Kined ;  thence  to  St.  David's,  and  there  was 
made  priest ;  from  thence  to  the  isle  of  Ary.  Here  he  was  car- 
ried off  by  Norway  pirates,  and  released,  and  had  the  Monastery 
of  St.  Hismael,  in  Boss,  assigned  him.  {Brit  Sanct)  Died  a.d. 
1124. 

Garadawc  Freichfras  was  penhynaif  in  Gemyw  when  Arthur 
was  chief  king  there  (TV.  7) ;  father  of  Gawrdaf  (IV.  19);  Cad- 
farchog  (2V.  23).     See  Bedwyr. 

Garadawc  ap  Bran  {Tr,  19),  one  of  the  Gynweisiaid. 

Gajradon,  an  id.  Garadoc  ? 

Caranir,  q.  d.  Garan  hir  vel  Gorun  hir.     Gwyddno  Garanir. 

Garanval,  son  of  Gynddylan.  (Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad 
Cynddylan.) 

Garcludwys  ap  Cyngen  ap  Ysbwys  ap  Gadrod  Galchfynydd 
ap  Gynwyd  Gynwydion. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  75 

Cakedig,  the  105th  King  [of  the  Britons] ;  Lat.  Oareticm,  kind, 
loving. 

Cakedigion,  Cardiganshire ;  so  named  from  Caredig,  son  of 
Cunedda  Wledig,  about  the  year  440. 

Carentius  (Jo.  Major,  ffist,  Scot,  L  i,  c.  15).  This  is  the 
Carawn  of  Tyssilio,  and  the  Caraudvs  of  the  coins.  He  made 
peace  between  the  Scots  and  Picts  about  the  battle  of  the  Dog,  and 
they  aU  turned  their  arms  against  the  Romans.  See  Oad  Ooddau 
[s,  V.  Oodda%b\. 

Cabfan.    Llangarfan  (from  earw  in  the  Life  of  Dewi). 

Carlegion.  Bede  says  the  Britains  in  his  time  called  Lega- 
cester  by  the  name  of  Carlegion.  Some  Britains  might,  but  a 
Saxon  could  know  nothing  of  that.     See  Caerlleon  Gawr, 

Caelisle,  the  English  name  of  a  city  in  the  north  of  Britain, 
about  the  ancient  name  of  which  there  is  great  contention  among 
antiquaries.  Camden,  in  his  Britannia,  who  treats  the  rest  with 
contempt,  says  that  the  Bomans  and  Britains  called  it  LugubaU 
Ivm  and  Luguvallitm,  or  Lugttialia ;  that  the  Saxons  called  it 
(as  Bede  witnesses)  Lual;  Ptolomy  (as  some  think),  Zei«»piWa; 
Nennius,  Oaerlualid ;  the  ridiculous  Welsh  prophecies,  the  city 
oiDvbalhis;  we^Oao'lisle;  and  the  Latin,  from  the  more  modern 
name,  Oaerleolum;  and  that  LugubaUia  and  Carlisle  are  the 
same,  is  universaUy  agreed  upon ;  and  that  Leland  had  taken 
pains  to  no  purpose  about  it.  Afterwards  he  says  he  wiU  pro- 
duce his  '''own  conjecture  that  the  Military  Wall  of  the  Romans 
gave  it  the  name,  for  that  Antoninus  calls  it  "  Luguvallum  ad 
Vallum".  Is  not  this  "Vallum  ad  VaUimi"  tautology,  if  that  be 
the  case  ?  Further  on  he  says  that  Pomponius  Mela  has  told  us 
that  *'I/ugu8  or  Locus  signified  in  the  Celtic  a  tower ;  for  that 
what  Antoninus  calls  Lugo  Augusti,  Pomponius  calls  Turris 
Augusti ;  so  that  Luguvallum  is  really  a  tower  or  fort  upon  the 
wall  or  vallum".  But  take  notice,  that  if  Lwgiis  is  a  tower,  and 
vallum  a  wall,  the  "  Luguvallum  ad  Vallum"  of  Antoninus  is  a 
Fort  on  the  Wall  at  the  Wall.  Qu.  whether  this  is  common 
sense? 

As  the  antiquities  of  the  Britains  are  concerned  in  these  asser- 
tions of  Mr.  Camden,  give  us  leave  to  examine  them.  First,  he 
says  the  Romans  and  Britains  called  it  Lugu-ballum.    The  latter 


76  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

we  deny,  for  such  a  name  is  not  to  be  found  in  all  the  writings 
of  the  Britains.  That  the  Cambridge  copy  of  Nennius  calls  some 
city,  the  17th  in  his  catalogue,  LuaUd,  we  allow ;  but  Mr.  Cam- 
den ought  to  have  been  so  candid  as  to  let  the  world  know  that, 
the  Cottonian  copy  has  no  C(wr  Lualidy  but  hath  Ligualidy  the 
third  city  in  the  catalogue  ;  though  neither  of  the  copies  says  it 
is  either  Lugu-ballium,  Carlisle,  or  anything  else.  As  for  the 
ridiculous  Welsh  prophecies,  Mr.  Camden  should  not  have  made 
a  general  charge  against  them  aU,  but  have  told  us  in  what 
authors  he  had  found  the  city  Carlisle  called  the  city  of  DubaUus. 
But  this  we  may  gather  from  Mr.  Camden's  extensive  knowledge  in 
the  affairs  of  the  ancient  Britains,  that  he  never  saw  any  of  their 
prophecies  except  that  Latin  translation  of  Prophwydoliaeth 
Myrddin  Emrys  in  Galfrid,  where  I  find  this  passage :  "  The  fox 
of  Caerdvialum  shall  take  revenge  on  the  lion,  and  destroy  him 
entirely  with  her  teeth."  This  is  all  that  is  said  in  any  Welsh 
prophecies  of  Caerdubalum;  and  this,  too,  in  Latin.  And  is  not 
he  a  very  ridiculous  antiquary  that  positively  makes  this  Caer- 
dubalum to  be  Carlisle  ?  A  prophet,  indeed !  Is  not  this  more 
likely  to  be  Caer  Dubai,  i.  e.,  Tubal's  Castrum, — some  feigned 
name  made  use  of  in  that  pretended  prophecy,  if  Galfrid  dealt 
fair  in  his  translation  ?  This  prophecy  is  not  in  the  British  copy 
of  Tyssilio,  it  being  added  to  the  history  by  Galfrid  when  he 
turned  it  into  Latin. 

It  doth  not  follow  that  Lucus  in  the  Gaulish  and  British  sig- 
nifies a  tower,  because  P.  Mela  calls  Antoninus'  Imqo  Angusti 
by  the  name  of  Turris  Aiigv^tL  Lucus  was  a  Latin  word  signi- 
fying a  chapel  or  temple,  which  might  give  name  to  places  as 
weU  as  the  supposed  Lucus  or  Lugus  of  the  Gauls.  As  for  the 
Britains,  they  have  no  name  for  this  city  as  ever  I  could  meet 
with  ;  so  that  I  suspect  it  to  be  entirely  of  Roman  original,  and 
of  the  same  age  with  the  Eoman  WaU,  unless  it  be  Caer  Ewer- 
ydd,  which  is  mentioned  in  an  ancient  MS.  to  have  been  the 
place  where  Ehun  ap  Maelgwn  landed  when  he  carried  the  war 
to  Scotland.     See  Rhun  and  Morwerydd, 

Carn  and  Carnedd,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  signifying  a  heap 
of  stones,  prefixed  to  the  names  of  several  places,  as, 

Cam  Aret  in  Medrigia  in  Ireland. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  77 

T  6am  in  Flintshire. 

[F  0am,  a  high  hill  near  Pistyll  Khaiadr.— fP".  B,] 

Y  0am  Wen,  in  Trefeirig,  Cardiganshire,  South  Wales. 

YOam  ynghomwy^  M6n. 
Hence  also  Camau  or  Oarneddau  Plymlynwn,  etc.     Prodigious 
heaps  of  stones  on  the  tops  of  mountains  ;  sometimes  as  tombs ; 
sometimes,!  apprehend,  to  make  fires  on  their  tops,  to  give  notice 
of  the  approach  of  an  enemy. 

Caen  Boduan,  a  mountain  in  Lleyn,  Caernarvonshire ;  from 
Bodftan,  a  gentleman's  seat,  just  by. 

Carn  Ddyddgu,  Cardiganshire. 

Cabn  Fyntdd. 

Men  yd  las  Trahoeam  yngharn  Fynydd. 

Meilir  Bfydijdd,  in  Marwnad  Gr.  ap  Cynan. 

Called  by  Caradoc  Mynydd  CamOy  and  by  Marwnad  Trahaeam 
Mynydd  Gam, 

Carn  Hendwll,  Cardiganshire. 

Carn  Llechart  [Cam  ZUcharth. — J.  if.],  in  the  parish  of 
liangyfelach,  a  monument  on  a  mountain-top  of  that  name  in 
Glamorganshire.     (K  Lhoyd) 

Carn  Madrin,  in  lieyn,  a  high  mountain  on  the  top  of  which 
there  are  the  ruins  of  a  British  fort.  Qu.  whether  mentioned  by 
Giraldus  Cambrensis  in  his  Itifierary  ? 

Carn  y  Naid,  in  Momomia,  Ireland. 

Carn  y  Rhod,  in  the  county  of  Wexford. 

Carnedd  Ddafydd,  a  mountain  in  Eryri.     (E.  Llwyd.) 

Carnedd  Elidir,  a  mountain  near  lianberis. 

Carnedd  Higin,  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Carnedd  Llewelyn,  a  mountain  near  Lianberis.    {E,  Lhvyd) 

Carnewillon,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Eginog, 
Caermarthenshire. 

Carnguwch,  a  parish  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Carno  (n.  1.),  near  Abergavenny.  On  the  mountains  called 
Mynydd  Carno  a  battle  was  fought,  in  the  year  728,  between 
Ethelbald  King  of  Mercia  and  the  Britains.  {CaradoCy  p.  15.) 
On  Carno  mountains  was  also  fought  that  memorable  battle 
between  Gruflfudd  ap  Cynan  and  Trahaearn  ap  Caradoc,  the 
reigning  Prince  of  North  Wales  in  the  year  1079.     Grufifydd  ap 


78  CELTIC  REMAINS. 


% 


Cynan  (being  half-brother  to  Enciimalhon,  King  of  Ulster  in 
Ireland)  had  a  strong  power  of  Irishmen,  which  he  landed  at 
St.  David's  Head,  and  joining  with  Ehys  ap  Tewdwr  Mawr, 
Prince  of  South  Wales,  who  claimed  the  crown  of  South  Wales, 
they  encamped  on  Mynydd  Camo,  where  they  were*  met  by 
Trahaeam  ap  Caradog  and  his  cousins  of  Powys,  the  sons  of 
Ehiwallon  ap  Gwyn  ap  Bleddyn,  viz.,  Caradog,  Gruflfudd,  and 
Meilyr,  who  were  all  slain  in  battle,  and  Gruff,  ap  Cynan  had 
the  government  of  Wales.  See  Meilir  Brydydd's  poem,  who 
calls  it  Mynydd  Cam.     See  0am. 

Cabon  and  Cabawn,  LaL  Oarausdua,  a  king  of  the  Britains, 
who  about  the  year  [300]  threw  off  the  Roman  yoke,  and  kept 
the  island  from  them  for  about  seven  years,  being  an  entire 
master  of  the  sea. 

Caron,  in  Ceretica. 

Cabon,  a  river  in  Scotland.     {Nennius) 

Carnwennan,  the  name  of  Arthur's  dagger.     {Dr.  Davies.) 

Carreg  (pi.  Cbrrig),  a  stone,  in  the  composition  of  several 
names  of  places,  as  Carreg  Hova,  Carreg  Fergus  in  Ireland,  Car- 
reg Ystum  liaeth,  Castell  Carreg  near  Caerfyrddin,  Cerrig  y 
Drudion,  Cerrig  y  Gwyddyl  ym  Mon  (Tr.  49),  Carreg  Cynnen 
Castle,  about  A-D.  1240.     (Caradoc) 

Carreg  Ddiwin,  in  the  parish  of  Beddcelert,  where  about  50 
brass  spear-heads,  of  the  ancient  Britains  were  found  in  the  year 
1688  by  removing  a  great  stone.  They  were  almost  in  sight. 
(E.  ULwyd,  Notes  on  Gamden) 

Carreg  Hova,  a  castle  by  Oswestry,  taken  by  Owen  Cyfeiliog 
A.D.  1162. 

Carreg  Hudwydd,  which  Mr.  Edward  liwyd  thinks  to  be 
Berry,  which  is  not  far  from  Wroxeter  in  Shropshire,  where  he 
imagines  Cynddylan's  seat  was. 

Carrog  or  Carrawg,  a  place  in  Cardiganshire. 

Goreu  ceraint  gvrfT  Carrawg, 
Cyttyn  fydd  rbyngthyn'  y  rhawg. 

Beio  ah  leuan  Du, 
Carrog,  in  M&n,  q.  d.  Carregog,  stony ;  and  I  suppose  a  river 
in  Dol  Garrog,  Caernarvonshire. 
Carthan  :  vid.  Ammwyn  Carthan. 


# 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  79 


Cabun,  a  river  in  Scotland  (hence  Abercaron,  contracted  Aber- 
com),  is  called  after  the  name  of  Carauaius,  King  of  Britain. 
(Flaherty,  Ogygia,  p.  343.)  Jo.  Major  (L  i,  f.  19)  calls  it  Caron. 
See  Caron,  Oaravm,  and  Abercumig. 

Cabw^d  Fynydd,  in  Isaled,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (J.  D) 

Carwed,  near  Beaumaris. 

Caseg  Falltkaeth,  a  rock  in  the  entrance  of  MaUtraeth  har- 
bour. It  bears  the  name  to  this  day.  {Moras  Lhmjd  Wiliam, 
AJ).  1560.) 

Casgwent  or  Castell  Gwent,  Chepstow;  anciently  Caer 
Went.    [N"ag6,  lie  araU  jw  Caerwent. — L  if.] 

Casnar  Wledig  ap  Uudd  ap  Beli  Mawr,  father  of  Pwyll  Pen- 
defig  Dyfed.     (MaMnogion,) 

Casnodyn  Fardd,  a  poet  a.d.  1240.  [lived  at  Uangyfelach 
in  Morganwg. — /.  jfcf.] 

Casswallawn  and  Caswallon  (n.  p.  v.).  Caswallon  ap  Beli 
Mawr  was  the  Prince  that  headed  the  Britains  when  Julius 
CsBsar  invaded  Britain.  He  had  killed  his  brother  Lludd  in  a 
battle  fought  for  the  dominion  of  Britain,  which  caused  Afarwy, 
the  son  of  Ludd,  to  go  over  to  Gaul  to  Csesar  to  desire  his  assist- 
ance. Csesar  calls  him  Gambellaunus  or  Oassivdlaunus  in  the 
Latin ;  and  it  is  probable  the  Oassii,  a  people  of  Britain  (Cas- 
walliait),  were  his  own  patrimony.  He  went  to  Borne  for  Fflur, 
the  daughter  of  Mugnach  Gorr  (Tr.  77) ;  so  that  it  seems  he  was 
in  peace  with  the  Bomans  then,  and  took  pride  in  their  alliance, 
or  else  he  went  incognito, 

Gasswallon  Law  Hib,  or  the  generous,  a  Prince  in  the  Isle 
of  Anglesey,  and  was  one  of  the  northern  Britains  that  took 
refuge  there.  He  was  son  of  Einion  Yrth  ap  Cunedda  Wledig, 
and  was  the  father  of  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  who  was  afterwards 
King  of  Britain.  The  legend  of  St.  Elian,  who  hath  a  church  in 
Anglesey,  says  that  the  man  of  God  struck  Gasswallon,  lord  of 
Anglesey,  blind  for  some  misdemeanors  against  the  Ghurch. 
Some  call  him  Catwallon  Law  Hir,  un  o'r  tri  eurgryd,  as  in 
Triad  49. 

Castell,  properly  a  castle,  ca6^e/Zt«m.  Perhaps  an  ancient  Celtic 
word  from  cau  and  astell,  to  inclose  with  boards  or  piles. 

Castell,  a  river  between  Creuddyn  and  Perfedd,  Cardiganshire. 


80  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Castell  Bwch,  Monmonthshire. 

Castell  Caissar,  Salisbury. 

Castell  Carreg,  in  Cantref  Bychan  near  Caerfyrddin,  a  castle 
on  the  top  of  an  inaccessible  rock  with  vast  caverns.  {Camden 
in  Caennarthenshire,) 

Castell  Coch  ym  Mhowys,  or  Castell  Gwenwynwyn  at  the 
Pool,  A.D.  1195,  taken  by  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury.  (Gar- 
adog  in  Lin.  ap  lorwerth.) 

Castell  Crogen,  the  old  name  of  Chirk  Castle.     See  GMrh. 

Castell  Cynfel.    Huw  Llwyd  Cynfel,  a  poet. 

Castell  Dinas  Bran,  Brennus'  Castle,  a  castle  on  the  top  of 
a  round  hill  near  Llangollen,  anciently  called  Dinas  Bran,  Llys 
Bran,  Brenhinblas  Bran,  EurUys  Vran,  Ucheldir  Bran;  and 
Howel  ap  Einion  calls  it  Diubrain. 

Ym  nend  glyd  dy  hud  hydr  riain 

Wanlledd  or  wenllys  ger  Dinbrain. — If.  ap  Einion. 

It  is  in  the  commot  of  Nanheudwy. 

Castell  Gollwyn  is  between  Wysg  and  Gwy  in  Brecknock- 
shire: 

Pan  eistedo  Saeson  yn  ei  sarffryn 

A  chyrchu  o  bell  Gas  tell  GoU^yn. — Hoianau  Myrddin. 

Castell  Gwalchmai,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Rhos  (now 
Roose)  in  Pembrokeshire.  See  Gwalchmai  ap  Gvn/ar,  nai  Arthur. 

Castell  Gwys,  Guise  Castle.    See  Gwys, 

Castell  Maen,  a  village  in  Radnorshire,  where  fairs  are  kept; 
in  English,  Huntington  Castle.    (Price's  Descript.) 

Castell  Mai  Mannor,  Caernarvonshire. 

Castell  March  (n.  1.).    See  March  Amheirchion. 

Castell  Moch  ym  Mochnant. 

Castell  Moel.  (Z.  ft  Cothi)  [An  old  castle  and  village  in 
the  parish  of  Llangarfan  in  Glamorgan. — /.  if.] 

Castell  Newydd  Bach  yng  Nghemmaes,  Pembrokeshire. 
There  are  fairs  kept  here. 

Castell  Newtdd  yn  EitfLYN,  Caermarthenshire.  Fairs  kept 
here.     See  Emlyn, 

Castell  Newydd  yn  Rhos,  Caermarthenshire.  There  are  fairs 
kept  here. 

Castell  Paun  (from  Pam,  a  Norman)  a  village  in  Radnor- 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  81 

shire^  where  fairs  are  kept ;  also  a  commot  there.   Near  this  was 
the  fight  of  Machawy. 

Caswennan.  Gorffrydau  Caswennan  {i.  e.,  the  streams  of  Cas- 
wennan),  a  great  overfall  of  the  sea  near  the  Isle  of  Enlli,  where 
King  Arthur's  favourite  ship,  Gwennan,  was  cast  away.  This, 
it  seems,  was  a  ship  of  war  called  after  the  name  of  his  daughter, 
Ann.    The  place  bears  the  name  to  this  day. 

Os  anodd  ar  Gi^wennan 

Droi  ar  lif  o'r  dwfr  i*r  Ian. — Eobert  Leiaf. 

Deuliw  berw  Caswennan, 
Golwg  dedd  atnlwg  diddan. — HyweL  op  Einion, 
See  Gwennan. 

Cathen  or  Cathan.  Llangathen  parish  in  Caermarthenshire. 
See  Caihdniog, 

Cateneys,  corruptly  for  Caithness.    See  Cathdniog. 
Catguallon,  wrote  anciently  for  Cadwallon.     (E.  Llwyd,) 
Catguogan,  wrote  anciently  for  Cadwgan.     {E,  Llwyd) 
Catgwaladyr,  wrote  anciently  for  Cadwaladr     {E,  Llwyd,) 
Cathgoed  ym  Mon.     Dona  ynghathgoed  ym  M6n.    Hence 
liangoed,  a  parish  there. 

Cathness,  the  most  N.  E.  comer  of  Scotland ;  probably  from 
an  island  of  that  name  formerly  called  Gathynys,  i,  e,,  Cat  Island; 
or  Oaethynys,  the  Prison  Island.  The  ancient  Britains  wrote 
enes  for  what  we  now  write  yny$,  an  island ;  and  this  makes  me 
suspect  that  TotTiess  in  Devonshire  (which  is  said  in  Tyssilio  to 
be  the  place  where  Brutus  first  landed,  and  wrote  in  the  British 
copy  Totenys)  was  anciently  an  island  of  the  name  of  Tot  Tnya; 
and  that  all  other  places  of  the  same  termination  in  Britain, 
such  as  Dungliess,  Sheemess,  Eastonness,  Inverness,  etc.,  do  not 
signify  nosCy  as  our  English  antiquaries  imagine,  but  are  the 
same  with  British  names  of  islands  of  the  like  sounds  in  Wales 
used  to  this  day,  as  Mon  Ynys,  Anglesey ;  Y  Voel  Ynys ;  Y  Las 
Ynys ;  Y  Wen  Ynys  and  Y  Fel  Ynys,  the  ancient  names  of 
Britain ;  and  every  island,  in  the  British,  is  to  this  day  called 
ynys.    Weik  of  Cathness.    (Major,  Hist  Scot) 

Cattraeth,  or  Cad  Traeth,  some  place  in  Scotland  where  a 
battle  was  fought  by  Mynyddawc  Eydyn.   "  Gosgordd  Mynydd- 

11 


82  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

awe  Eiddun  3m  Nghadtraeth".  (Tr.  36.)     One  of  the  3  gosgordd 
adwy  Ynys  Prydain. 

Kiglen  am  dal  medd  myned  draig  Cattraetli 
Cywir  i  barfaeth  arfan  Uifaid. — Hirlas  Owain, 

See  the  Oododin. 

Cattw  ap  Ger$int  ap  Erbin  ;  q.  d.  Cato. 

Cattwg  (Sant  Llangattwg),or  CADOC,or  Cadawc,  son  of  Gnnd- 
18BUS  (Gwynlliw  Filwr) ;  and  his  mother  was  Gwladus,  daughter 
of  Brychan  Brycheiniog.  (Oapffrave,)  He  was  instructed  by 
St.  Tathai,  who  was  an  Irish  doctor  at  Gwent  in  Monmouthshire, 
brought  theije  by  Garadog  ab  Ynyr  the  Kling.  From  thence 
Gadog  went  to  Llangarvan,  where  he  built  a  church  and  monas- 
tery, and  there  opened  a  school,  where  lUdud  and  Gildas  were 
his  disciples  (at  Gwenllwg  near  Pontvaen).  He  was  succeeded 
at  Llangarvan  by  his  disciple  Ellenius.  {Brit.  Sand,)  [catvc 
inscribed  on  a  monumental  stone  in  the  parish  of  Uandeveiliog, 
two  miles  north  of  Brecknock. —  W.  D.] 

Gattwn  Hen  0  Rufain,  Gato  the  elder. 

Gaw  (n.  pr.  v.).    Gaw  0  Dwrcelyn. 

Gaw,  a  poet  mentioned  by  Cynddelw. 

Cathlau  claa  cerddau  Caw. 

Gaw,  father  of  Gildas,  Huedl,  &c.  {Triades)    See  Gildas. 

Gaw  :  see  Bryn  Caw. 

Gaw  ap  Gowrda,  lord  of  Gwm  Gowlwyd  in  Arthur's  time. 

Gawr  was  an  appellative  or  title  given  some  warlike  princes, 
especially  in  Gambria,  signifying  a  warlike  prince,  which  an- 
swered to  Wledig  in  Loegria,  and  Priodavrr  in  North  Britain. 
Gogyrfan  Gawr  was  father-in-law  of  King  Arthur ;  Ysbyddadden 
Pen  Gawr  o'r  Gogledd ;  Benlli  Gawr ;  Beli  Gawr ;  Albion  Gawr ; 
Idris  Gawr;  Othrwm  Gawr;  Bhitta  Gawr;  Nemrwth  Gawr; 
Llocrin  Gawr. 

Camp  Gawr  yw  cwympo  caerydd. — lor.  Fijnglwyd, 

Tman  fu*r  cyfrdan  ddwyn  Gawr  y  Cedym 
A'u  ceidwad  a'u  blaenawr. — Bhys  Brychan. 

Gawr  pen  Mon  carw  Pen  Mynydd. 

8ion  Brwynog^  i  Ham  viil. 

Mr.  Baxter  will  have  the  word  to  come  from  cau  and  wr,  which 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  83 

he  makes  to  be  a  cave-man,  or  a  wild  man  living  in  caves ;  but 
can  is  not  a  cave  in  the  British :  and  this  derivation  is  whimsi- 
cal, and  a  mere  conceit,  like  too  many  of  his.   See  Caerlleon  Oavrr, 

Cawbdaf,  son  of  Cariadog  Freichfras.     {Tr,  19.) 

Cawrnwy,  a  place. 

O  Wy  hyd  (Jawmwy. — Mar,  TraKaem, 

Qu.  whether  Oonvwy  in  Anglesey  ? 

Catan.    Uangayan.    Tregaian. 

Cbccyr,  river.    Aber  y  Ceccyr. 

Cecil,  a  modem  name  in  England  from  SeisylU  or  Semll,  an 
old  British  name  of  the  16th  King  of  Britain.   Seisyll  ap  Grwst. 

Cedewain  or  Cydbwen,  a  cantref  of  Powys  Wenwynwyn.  Y 
Drefnewydd  ynghedewain.     See  Cydewain. 

Cedig  ap  Caredic  ap  Cunedda. 

Cedol  Sant  (n.  pr.  v.).    Cappel  Pentir.    Cors  y  Gedol. 

Cedweu  (n.  L).    Z.  G.  Gothi.    See  Oydwell 

Cedwyn  (St.)  Uangedwyn,  a  chapel  in  the  parish  of  Llan- 
rhaiadr,  Denbighshire.  Also  Uangedwyn  in  Meirion.  [Ynys 
Cedwyn  in  the  Vale  of  Tawy,  on  the  confines  of  Glamorgan  and 
Brecknockshire. —  W.  D!\ 

Cedyrn  (Y).  Ynys  y  Cedym,  the  isle  of  strong  men  or  heroes. 
Great  Britain. 

Cefenni  ;  Lat.  Gobannium.     {E.  Llvyyd  in  Monmouthshire.) 

Cefn  and  Cefen,  anciently  wrote  Oeibhen,  is  a  Celtic  word  used 
in  the  composition  of  names  of  places  in  Britain  and  Gaul,  sig- 
nifying the  back  of  anything,  and  applied  to  mountains  and 
high  lands ;  hence  the  Gehenna  and  Gebennse,  a  mountain  in 
Gaul,  which  should  be  wrote  Cebhenna. 

Cefn  yr  Aelwyd  (n.  1.),  where  a  battle  was  fought  by  Cadwallon 
ap  Madog.     {Gynddelw,  in  Marwnad  Cad.  ap  Madog.) 

Cefn  yr  Ajs  (n.  1.). 

Cefn  Ammwlch  (n.  1.). 

Cefn  Bodig,  a  gentleman's  seat.    {J.  D.)    Vaughan's. 

Cefn  Bryn,  the  most  noted  hill  in  Gower  Land.  Here  is  a 
vast  cromlech  called  Arthur's  Stone.  (Ed.  Llwyd,  Notes  on  Cam- 
den,)    See  Givyr. 

Cefn  Cerwyni,  wrote  by  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  Cefn  Corwynl 

Cefn  Coch  (Y),  noraen  loci. 


84  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Pen  y  Cefn. 

Cefn  Cribwr,  in  Ilandugwg,  Glamorganshire.  Qn.  whether 
Cibwr  ?  [Nage,CW&i^.  T  mae  Cibwr  yn  agos  i  30  milltir  tua'r 
dwytain  oddiyno. — I.  M,] 

Cefn  Cynwarchen,  a  place  in  Dyfed,  where  the  Flemings 
sent  to  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth  for  peace.     {Caradoc,) 

Cefn  Deuddwr,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (J.  D)    Nanney. 

Cefn  Digoll,  the  Long  Mountain  between  Newtown  and 
Salop,  where  Cadwallon  fought  Edwin.  Here  a  battle  was  fought, 
after  the  death  of  Llewelyn  ap  Grufifydd,  between  Ehys  Am- 
redydd  and  the  Marchers,  1284  (qu.  ?). 

Cefn  Du  (Y),  nomen  loci.     \Gefn  Du  in  lal. —  IF.  2).] 

Cefnffigen,  or,  in  English,  Kynfigs,  a  town  and  castle  in  Mor- 
ganwg  near  Aberavan.  {PoweL)  Cynffig.  {Mr,  E.  Llwyd)  In 
the  highway  between  Margam  and  Cynffig  is  a  stone  with  the 
inscription,  Pompeius  Carantobius.  {E.  Llwyd)  \Cynffig  is  the 
Welsh  name.  It  is  not  found  anywhere  but  in  Powel  written 
Cefnffigeifi,. — L  if.] 

Cefn  y  Garlleg,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J,  D.) 

Cefn  Gwyn,  nomen  loci. 

Cefn  Hafod,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J.  D) 

Cefn  Hir,  a  gentleman's  seat.    {J,  D) 

Cefn  Llwyd,  nomen  loci. 

Cefn  Llys,  a  castle  in  Maelienydd.  (Camden's  Britannia,) 
Castell  Cefn  Llys. 

Cefn  y  Maes,  nomen  loci  [in  Glamorgan. — L  Jf.]. 

Cefn  Mabli,  nomen  loci. 

Cefn  Melgoed  (n.  1.),  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Cardiganshire. 

Cefn  Nithgrgen,  nomen  loci. 

Cefn  yr  Odfa,  a  gentleman's  seat.     («/.  D.) 

Cefn  Rester,  mountains  not  far  from  Caermarthen,  where 
Ehys,  Prince  of  Wales,  encamped,  1160. 

Cefn  Trefersi,  nomen  loci. 

Cefn  Trefeilir,  nomen  loci. 

Cefni  or  Cefenni,  a  river  in  Anglesey.  Nant  Cefni,  the  valley 
of  the  river  Cefni,  in  Anglesey,  is  mentioned  in  Nennius' J?&^<>ry 
of  the  Britons,  where  there  was  one  of  the  wonders  of  Anglesey, 
a  stone  which  wandered  about  in  the  night,  and  always  returned 


CELTIC  KEMAIN8.  85 

home  by  morning.  {Nennius,  c.  Ixxxiv.)  Here  is  a  church  called 
Llangefni,  dedicated  to  St.  Cyngor.     See  Chenin, 

Cegid  (qu.  a  river  ?)  Ystum  Cegid,  a  gentleman's  seat.  («/".  D) 

Cegidfa,  a  parish  in  Montgomeryshire.    Y  Garth  ynghegidfa. 

Cegidog,  a  church  and  parish  (rectory)  in  the  deanery  of  Bhos, 
Denbighshire. 

Cei  or  Cai.  CcLergei  in  the  Triades,  L  e.,  Caergai.  There  is  a 
place  in  Meirion  called  Caergai ;  but  I  think  it  cannot  be  that 
meant  in  the  Triades  for  one  of  the  28  cities,  but  the  house  of 
Cai  Hir.    (Price's  BescripL),    See  Cai  Eir, 

Ceianus  or  Keianus,  a  Scot  mentioned  by  Camden  out  of 
Nennius,  in  Glamorgan  and  Caermarthenshire,  whose  sons  are 
said  to  have  possessed  Kydweli  and  G^yr  till  drove  out  by 
Cunedda.     Not  in  Gale's  Nennius, 

Ceidiaw,  tad  Gwenddolau.    (JV.  12.) 

Ceidio  (n.  1.)  in  Anglesey.  Cappel  Ceidio,  Anglesey.  Ehod 
y  Geidio.     Ceidio,  a  church  in  Lleyn. 

Ceidio  Sant  ap  Coryf  ap  Caynawc  Mawr. 

Ceindrech  PenasgeU,  daughter  of  EliferGosgorddfawr.  (JV.52.) 

Ceindrych  Santes  verch  Brychan  ynghaer  Godolawr. 

Ceinmeirch,  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J.  D.)  Ceinmyrch  and  Dyflf- 
ryn  Clwyd  were  two  cantrefs  belonging  to  Davydd  ap  GrufTydd, 
a.d.  1256. 

Ceint,  a  river  in  Anglesey. 

Ceint,  the  ancient  British  name  of  Kent,  as  if  wrote  in  Eng- 
lish Keint  or  Kynt ;  by  the  Eomans,  Gantium ;  the  people,  Oan~ 
Hi.  Caergeint  is  one  of  the  28  cities  in  the  Triades ;  in  another 
copy  it  is  Caergent;  by  Thomas  Williams,  Caerj^am^,  and  by  him 
Englished  Canterbury.  Usher  has  it  Caer  Cent.  The  name 
seems  to  have  been  formed  from  cyntaf,  first  or  primitive  inha- 
bitants. The  Iceni  also  were  the  same  people,  but  were  distin- 
guished by  the  name  of  Uwchcyniald,  or  upper  Cyniaid,  i.e., 
the  upper  first  men.  They  inhabited  the  land  called  now  Suffolk, 
Norfolk,  Cambridge,  and  Huntingdonshire.  The  Trinobantes 
were  the  same  primitive  inhabitants,  called  so  from  their  town 
Tro  Newydd. 

Cbinwen  Santes,  daughter  of  Brychan.  Her  churches  in 
Anglesey,  Llangeinwen,  and  Cerrig  Ceinwen.  She  is  called  by 
the  Latin  legendaries  Keina.     See  Brit.  Sand.,  Oct.  8, 


86  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Ceinydr  Sant  o  Feilionydd  ap  Ehiengar  Sautes. 

Ceirchiog,  a  chapel  and  parish  in  Anglesey. 

Ceiriog,  a  river.  Hence  Glyn  Ceiriog  or  Dyflfryn  Ceiriog  in 
Denbighshire.  Here  is  a  pass  through  the  mountains,  where 
Henry  II  with  his  vast  army  had  warm  work  with  the  Britains 
in  the  year  1165 ;  pan  dalwyd  y  gwystlon.    {Caradoe,  p.  169.) 

Ceirionnydd  (n.  L).    Llyn  Ceirionnydd.     (Taliesin,) 

Ceirit.    Caer  Ceirit  {Nennius) ;  qu.  Ceint  ?    See  Seri. 

Ceirw,  a  river  in  Wales  (KLlwyd),  in  TJywarch  Hen's  Marw- 
nad  Cynddylan.  Ceiro,  or  perhaps  Ceirw,  is  a  river  near  Plym- 
lumon,  that  falls  into  Eheidiol  at  Aberceiro.  [Geirwy  falls  into 
Alwen  near  Bettws  Gwerfyl  Goch. —  W.  D,] 

Ceiswyn,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (/.  B.)    lloyd. 

Celemon.     Caer  Celemon.  (Ifennius.)     See  Sdemion. 

Celer.  Uangeler,  a  parish  in  Carmarthenshire.  Qu.,  the  same 
with  Celert?    See  Bedd  Ceiert. 

Oellan  Sant. 

Cellan,  a  parish  church  in  Cardiganshire.  Also  Rhos  Cellan, 
Cardiganshire. 

Cellan  y  Gog,  in  Brecknockshire  (qu.  ?) 

Celleu  :  see  Gelleu, 

Celli,  a  hazle  wood ;  Lat.  coryletum.  Hence  the  names  of 
places  in  Wales,  etc.  Y  Gelli  GandryU ;  Celli'r  Ffrydau ;  Gelli 
Fadog ;  CeUi'r  Eirin ;  Gelli  Gogau ;  G^Ui  Fabwen ;  Gelli  Lyfdy ; 
y  GelU  Dywyll ;  Gelli  Goch ;  Pen  y  Gelli :  hence  a  surname, 
PengeUy. 

Celliwig  (n.  L),  King  Arthur's  palace  in  Cornwall.  (Tr.  46.) 
Here  King  Arthur  was  chief  king,  Betwini  head  of  bishops  (i.  e., 
penesgyb),  and  Caradawc  Vreichfras  chief  elder  {i.e.,  prince). 
See  Detoi, 

Celyddon.  Coed  Celyddon,  the  Forest  of  Caledonia  in  Scot- 
land.    {Hoianau  Myrddin),     See  Myrddin  WylU. 

Celynin  Sant.    Uangelynin  in  Meirion. 

Celynnog  or  Clynnog  Fawr  yn  Arfon  (from  cdyn,  i.  e,,  a  place 
of  holly),  a  village  with  a  large  church,  where  was  an  abbey 
which  had  formerly  great  privileges.  It  was  founded  by  the 
famous  Beuno,who  is  said  to  have  replaced  the  head  of  St  Wini- 
fred, which  Caradog  had  cut  off.     See  Beuno. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  87 

Cemlyn  ap  Meirion  Goch  o  L^. 

CEMMAESy  a  church  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  Gyfeiliog, 
Powys.  Oemmaes  comes  from  ce/n  and  maes.  It  is  wrote  also 
Cemmes  and  Cemais, 

Llan  dwr  y w  a  Ilanw  di  wres 

Llewjg  ami  drvry  hoU  Oemmes. — Sion  Mawddwy. 

Cemmaes,  a  lordship  and  sea-port  in  Anglesey. 

Cemais,  one  of  the  eight  csmtrefs  of  Dyfed.  (Price's  Descript) 
Gwrwaxed  ap  GwUym  o  Gemais. 

Cemoyth,  King  of  the  Picts.  (Caradoc,  A.D.  856,  p.  29.)  In 
Irish  Oionaod.    {Ogygia,  p.  481.) 

Cenae  or  Cynau,  verch  Tewdwr  Mawr. 

Genabth,  a  parish  in  Carmarthenshire. 

Cenau  ap  Coel  Godebog  ap  Tegfan  ap  Deheufraint  ap  Did- 

bwyll  ap ap  Grudd  ap  Buadel  Prych  ap  Eydeyrn  ap  En- 

digsdd  ap  Endeym  ap  Enid  ap  Endos .  ap  Endolau  ap  Afallach 
ap  Aflech  ap  Beli  Mawr  ap  Manogan. 

Cenbdlon  verch  Brychan. 

CENHENFA,enw  Uc.  [Gynhinfa,  nom.  loci,  in  Ilangyniw  parish. 
—W.  D,] 

Cenin,  a  river :  hence  Cwm  Cenin  in  Llandeilo  Fawr,  Carmar- 
thenshira 

Cennant  (fl.),  Cardiganshire. 

Cennen,  a  river  in  Carmarthenshire. 

Dwy  wlad  a  Chedweli  wenn 
Dwy  oes  cwyned  Is  Gennen. 

L,  Morganwg^  i  H.  Penri. 

Cynnydd  y  Drefnewydd  nenn 

Cynnor  gw;^  dentn  Gennen. — Bedo  Phylip  Bach. 

In  Morden's  Map  Ounnon. 
Ceneig  (k  cen  and  rig,  rex.    See  Baxter). 
Cerdieselment  :  see  JSlved. 
Cerdin,  a  river. 

IToha'  cardod  nwch  Gerdin 
Isa'r  fost  sy  ar  ei  fin. 

letuLfi  BeuiUffyn^  i  Dafydd  Llwyd  ap  Llewelyn  o  Gastell  Hywel. 
[Cerdin,  a  rivnlet  in  Ilandyssul  on  the  Teivy.   UiDch  Cerdin  and 


88  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Is  Cerdin,  two  divisions  of  the  parish.  It  is  in  Cwmwd  Gwin- 
ionydd.— IT.  R] 

Ceredic  ap  Cunedda  Wledig  ap  Edeym. 

Ceredigion,  Ceretica,  the  county  of  Cardigan ;  fix)m  Ceredig 
ap  Cunedda  Wledig,  about  the  year  440  di-ove  out,  with  his 
father,  fix)m  North  Britain  by  the  Irish  Scots. 

Ceretica,  Ceredigion. 

Ceri,  a  commot  in  Cantref  I^Ielienydd ;  now  a  village  and 
church  near  Newtown,  Montgomeryshire. 

Hawdd  imi  'ngwlad  Geri  gael. — leuan  Tew. 

Peris,  Keris.  Hence  PwU  Ceris,  the  name  of  a  spot  of  foul 
ground,  or  whirlpool,  in  the  Straits  of  Menai  channel,  very  dan- 
gerous for  shipping :  such  another  place,  in  name  and  nature,  as 
Charybdis  in  the  Straits  of  Sicily.  Nennius,  the  British  histo- 
rian, calls  it  Fwll  Kerist 

Cernyw,  Cornwall,  Corinnia,  The  country  opposite  to  this 
was  anciently  called  Cemyw  or  GorrKmaUles ;  and  afterwards, 
by  Cynan  Meriadoc, Pryrfam  Vechan,ov  Little  Britain.  See  Vertot. 

Cernyw  (Llan),  a  parish  and  church  in  the  deanery  of  Ehos, 
Denbighshire.     Church  dedicated  to  St.  Digain.     {Br,  Willis) 

Cehntweg,  lingua  CorinnuB, 

Cerrig,  stones,  in  the  names  of  places.  Hence  the  county  of 
Kerry  in  Ireland ;  in  Irish,  Kierrig ;  and  the  Isle  of  Skerries, 
q.  d.  ys  cerrig. 

Cerrig  y  T/rudign,  or  the  Druids'  Stones,  a  village  in  Den- 
bighshire, Noi  th  Wales. 

Cerrig  Gwybdyl  ym  Mon. 

Cerrig  Havael. 

Cerrig  Hydwydd.    (E,  Llwyd) 

Cerrig  Hywel,  in  Brecknockshire.  Fairs  kept  here.  Bect^ 
Crug  HoweL 

Cerrig  Niwbwl,  certain  stone  in  Cader  Idris. 

Cersith  ap  Hydwn  Dwn.     Censith  {D.  MS.) 

Ceryn,  the  47th  King  of  Britain. 

Cesail  Gyfarch,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Cesaryeit,  Csesarians,  i,  c,  Romans  belonging  to  Csesar,  or 
the  followers  of  Julius  Caesar.     {Tr.  40.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  89 

Cettell  or  Kettel.  Here  a  battle  was  fought  between  Bar- 
chred  King  of  Mercia  and  Mervyn  Viych,  where  Mervyn  is  said 
to  have  been  slain.     (Powel,  Car,,  p.  27,  a.d.  843.) 

Cethin.     leuan  Gethin  ap  Madog  Cyffin. 

Cethineoc  (Price's  Descript).     See  Gythdniog. 

Ceugant  Peilltawt  or  PEiLLiAWC,\m  oVtri  aurgelein.  (TV.  68). 

Ceulan,  a  valley  near  Tal  y  Bont  in  Cardiganshire.  Here  I 
was  shown  the  grave  of  Taliesin,  in  an  open  field,  encompassed 
with  flat  stones,but  without  any  inscriptions  in  sight.  L.  M.,  1745. 

Ceunant  (fl.) :  hence  Aberceunant. 

Ceurwys  Amheurwy. 

Ceyna  (St.),  a  virgin,  daughter  of  Brychan ;  her  acts  in  Cap- 
grave,  Oct.  8 ;  called  in  British  Geinvayre,  or  Keyna  the  Virgin, 
i,  e.,  Ceinforwyn ;  turned  serpents  into  stone  of  that  shape. 
{Brit,  Sanct) 

Chenin,  a  valley  in  Anglesey,  in  the  Cambridge  copy  of  Nen- 
nius,  where  there  was  a  wandering  stone  which  always  returned 
home  by  promise.  Ciheinn,  the  same  valley  in  the  Cottonian 
copy  of  Nennius ;  CheJienniuSy  the  same  valley  in  the  Oxford  copy 
of  Nennius ;  Ghieninn,  the  same  valley  in  Sir  Simon  D'Ewes' 
copy  of  Nennius. 

There  is  a  deep  valley  and  a  river  called  Cefni  (anciently 
Cevenni)  in  Anglesey,  which  is  the  place  meant  in  Nennius, 
where  this  travelling  stone  was  said  to  be.  Some  trick  of  the 
monks,  no  doubt.  There  is  a  church  near  tliat  river  called  Llan- 
gefni. 

Chepstow,  the  Saxon  name  of  Casgwent  by.  Castell  Gwent. 
[Casgwent  is  the  same  as  Castell  Gwent. — I.  M.'] 

Chirk,  a  parish,  church,  and  castle,  part  of  Powys  Vadog, 
Denbighsliire ;  in  Welsh  Y  JVaun,  but  called  anciently  Castell 
Crogen. 

CiAN  (Sant) :  hence  Llangian.  There  was  an  Irish  saint  of 
the  name  of  Kienan  in  the  fifth  century.  (Flaherty,  Offygia^-pAOQ,) 

CiBDDAR  (n.  pr.  v.).  Drych  eil  Cibddar,  un  o'r  tri  Uedrithawc. 
(2V.  33.) 

CiBWR  (or  Cibowr  as  in  Price's  Descript.),  one  of  the  commots 
of  Cantref  Brenhinol,  Moiganwg.  [Cibwyr  is  between  the  rivers 
Taf  and  Eleirch,  vel  Ehymyn  seu  Rhympyn. — /.  M.] 

12 


90  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

CiL,  a  recess  or  hermitage  ;  an  ancient  Celtic  word.  Abund- 
ance of  churches  in  Ireland,  Scotland,  and  Wales,  are  named  from 
this  word,  as  Cilkenin  in  Cardiganshire ;  Cilcwm  in  Carmarthen- 
shire ;  Gil  y  Sant ;  Cilwri  in  Cheshire ;  Cil  Maenan ;  Cilgeraint. 
In  Ireland,  Kildare,  Kilkenny,  Kilfinan,  Kilmallock,  Kilarney, 
Kilaloe,  Kilfenora,  Kilworth ;  Kilrenny,  Kilblain,Kilmoney,  Kil- 
moir,  etc.,  in  Scotland. 

CiLBEBYLL,  Glamorganshire. 

CiLCARN,  Pembrokeshire. 

CniCARW,  Carmarthenshire. 

CiLCELFF.     Cynan  Cilcelff  ap  Tryifin  Varfawg. 

CiLCEN,  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J,  D.)  Mostyn.  A  church  (rectory 
and  vicarage)  in  Flintshire.  Dafydd  person  Cilken :  qu.  an  id. 
Kilkenny  in  Ireland  ? 

CiLCENiN,  in  Cantref  Penwedig,  Ceretica. 

KiLCHERAN,  a  place  in  North  Britain  where  Aeddan  ap  Gafran 
was  buried  a.d.  606.  (Flalierty,  Ogygia,  p.  476.)  He  was  bom  in 
Kyntir. 

CiLYCWM,  Carmarthenshire. 

CiLFACH :  see  Y  GUfach, 

Cilfach  Afal,  a  house  in  Cardiganshira 

CiLFACH  YR  Haidd,  Glamorganshire :  qu.  Cil  Fechan  ? 

Cil  Fargen  or  Fargan,  Caermarthenshire.    Vid.  Margan. 

CiLGARAN  {Camden  in  Pembrokeshire), coiniptly  for  CilgeraiTU. 

Cilgeraint,  a  village  and  castle  in  Dyfed,  on  the  river  Teivi, 
which  Mr.  Camden  says  was  built  by  Giraldus  of  Windsor ;  but 
Powel  (Oaradoc,  p.  169)  says  that  Eoger  Montgomery  begun  a 

castle  about  a.d ;  and  where  Gilbert  Strongbow,  Earl  of 

Strygill,  biiilt  one  a.d.  1 109,  the  county  of  Caredigion  being  given 
him  by  Henry  I  to  win  and  keep.  This  place  is  famous  for 
nothing  but  salmon  fishery.  The  name  signifies  the  Eetreat  of 
Geraint,  and  is  of  great  antiquity. 

Cilgerran  :  see  Cilgeraint 

CiLGWRi,  Worrall  in  Cheshira 

Cil  Hendre,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (/.  D,) 

CiLMANLLWYD,  Pembrokeshire. 

Cilmin  Droed-ddu  (i.  <?.,  Cilmin  with  the  black  foot,  one  of 
the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales)  ap  Cadrod  ap  Gwrydr  ap 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  91 

Elidir  ap  Sandde.  He  came  with  Mervyn  Frych  from  North 
Britain  about  the  year  840.  He  lived  at  Glyn  Llivon  in  Uwch 
Gwirfai.  He  bore  argent  quartered  ;  on  the  first  quarter  an  eagle 
displayed  with  two  heads  sable;  2,  three  rugged  sticks  gules;  3 
and  4,  ditto, — ^a  man's  leg  couped  sdbh  in  an  eschutcheon  argent. 
The  tradition  is,  being  a  conjuror,  and  in  going  through  hell,  his 
foot  slipt  into  a  river  there,  which  coloured  it  black.  Tliere  was  a 
king  in  Ireland  in  the  year  516,  called  Niall  Glinddu,  t.  e.,  Niall 
with  the  Black  Knee. 

Gil  Owen,  a  place  in  Flintshire,  so  called  from  Owen  Gwyn- 
edd*s  retreat  there  in  the  war  with  Henry  II,  King  of  England, 
A.D.1157.  {Caradoc  in  0.  Gtvi/nedd.) 

CiL  Ehedyn,  Carmarthenshire,  a  church  and  parish.  Also  a 
place  in  Pembrokeshire.     See  BJiedyn. 

Cilrhedynen,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Englefield. 

Oil  Ehiwa,  in  South  Wales. 

Gil  Euadd,  in  Ireland,  where  St.  Colman  built  a  cell  (Ogygia, 
p.  413.)     See  Zlangolman. 

Gil  y  Sant,  a  church  in  Llanwinio  parish,  in  Derllys  hundred, 
in  Carmarthenshire.     The  retreat  of  the  saint :  qu.  ? 

GiLYDD  (n.  pr.  v.). 

GiLLYN  Ynad. 

GiNAST,  enw  lie.     Syr  Eoger  o-  Cinast. 

KiNED  (St.),  probably  Oionadl;  Liang wnadl.  Kined  was  a 
hermit  of  the  6th  century,  honoured  with  the  friendsliip  of  St. 
David.     {Brit  Sanct,  Aug.  1.) 

GiNiN  ap  Uowarch  Fychan. 

CiNMEL  or  Cynmael,  a  place  yn  Sir  Dinbych. 

CiOG  or  CuAWC,  a  river  which  faUs  into  Dyfi  at  Dolgiog  in 
Montgomeryshire. 

Yn  Aber  Caauc  yd  canant  cogeu. — Llywarch  Hen. 
Dolydd  Kyog. — Llywarch  Hen. 
See  Abercuawc. 

KiRKiNN,  a  battle  where  Dyfngarth  (Domangard)  ap  Aeddan 
was  slain  a.d.  598.     {Ogygia,  p.  475.) 

Claerddu,  in  Geretica,  a  river  which  falls  into  the  Wye. 

Claerwen,  a  river  in  Ceretica  that  falls  into  the  Wye. 
.  Clam  Hoctor,  Clamoctor  {6Ud.  Cotton.),  and  Olam  Octor 
(Camden),     This  is  a  King  of  Ireland  mentioned  by  Nennius, 


92  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

\\^hose  sons  invaded  and  possessed  some  parts  of  Britain,  as  Dabri- 
eta  in  North  Britain,  the  Isle  of  Man,  and  G^yr  and  Cydweli 
in  South  Wales ;  but  were  drove  out  of  all  the  regions  of  Britain 
by  Cunedda  and  his  sons.  This  was  in  the  year  460 ;  one  of 
the  irruptions  mentioned  by  GUdas.  The  Irish  history  is  almost 
a  blank  about  this  time  of  confusion  at  the  very  dissolution  of 
the  Eoman  power  in  Britain.  But  in  Flaherty  (p.  429)  I  find 
one  Loagair  mac  Neil  that  reigned  from  428  to  463,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded King  of  Ireland  by  one  Oillol  Molt,  son  of  a  King  of 
Conacht,  who  reigned  twenty  years.  The  above  Clam  Octor  was 
either  one  of  these,  or  perhaps  one  of  the  petty  kings  of  Ireland. 
See  Glam  Hector,  Ysgroeth,  BuiUce,  and  Bethoun, 

Clarach  (fl.),  Ceretica. 

Clare  (St.),  died  a  martyr  in  Normandy.  {BrU,  Sanct,  Nov.  4.) 
Parish  of  St.  Clare's,  Carmarthenshire. 

Clas  (in  Mr.Llwyd's  copy),  an  island  mentioned  in  the  Triades, 
supposed  by  Mr.  E.  Llwyd  to  be  Corfu,  an  island  in  the  Ionian 
Sea  on  the  coast  of  Greece.     Vid.  Glas  Merdin. 

Clas  Merdin,  or,  as  some  MSS.  have  it,  Clas  Meitin,  the 
first  natne  of  the  isle  of  Britain  (TV.  I) :  perhaps  the  Clas  of 
Myrddm  (see  Glas) ;  perhaps  corruptly  for  Glas ;  in  the  same 
sense  as  Latin  writers  called  it  Insula  Cserula,  or  the  blue  island. 
See  Selden,  Mar.  Glaus,,  1.  i,  c.  .2. 

Clawdd  Off  a,  Oifa's  Ditch,  a  deep  trench  and  mound  thrown 
up  by  Offa,  King  of  Mercia,  fipom  sea  to  sea,  to  prevent  the  incur- 
sions of  the  Welsh,  about  the  year  784 ;  about  which  time  also 
the  Princes  of  Powys  were  obliged  to  remove  their  seats  from 
Pengwern  Bowys  (Salop)  to  Mathravael.  {Caradoc  in  Cynan 
Tyndasthvry.) 

Cledawc  ap  Brychan,  videtur  idem  quod  Clydawc, 

Cleddau  Du,  one  of  the  rivers  that  go  to  Milford  Haven  ;  the 
other  is  Cleddau  Gwyn.  A  hundred  there  called  Dau  Gleddau. 
(Caradoc  in  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth.) 

Cleddyf.    Caergleddyf  is  Tenby.   (Thomas  WiUiams) 

Cleddyf,  a  river. 

Cleddyfrudd,  a  surname  signifying  a  ruddy  sword,  i.e.,  bloody. 
Gwgon  Cleddyfrudd  ap  Caradoc  Fr^ichfras.     Vid.  Ehudd. 

Cledfryn  yn  Enos,  the  Castle  of  Denbigh  in  Denbighshire. 
(^Camden^) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  93 

Cledm  ap  Cadivor. 

Cledwyn  ap  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 

Clegyr  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat,  Anglesey. 

Clegyr  Gwynion  (Y),  Anglesey. 

Cleifiog,  a  place  near  Holyhead  (froiQ  clai). 

Cleirwy.    Eoger  Vychan  o  Gleirwy. 

Cleuddyn.    Twain  ap  Cleuddyn. 

Cleugoch  (fl.) :  hence  Abercleugoch,  Carmarthenshire. 

Clocaenog,  a  parish  in  Denbighshire,  dedicated  to  St.  Voddyd. 
{Br.  Willis,)     See  Trillo  Caenog. 

Clodrudd,  a  cognomen.  Elystan  Glodrudd,  is  also  wrote 
Clodrydd. 

Cloff,  lame.    Arglwydd  Gloff. 

Cloqwyn  Carnedd  y  Wyddfa,  called  also  Clogwyn  y  Garn- 
edd,  the  highest  rock  in  the  three  kingdoms,  famous  for  Alpine 
plants.     (K  Llwyd,) 

Clogwyk  Du  (Y),  ym  mhen  y  Glyder,  a  mountain  near  Llan- 
beris.     {E.  Llwyd.) 

Clogyrddwr  or  Clegyrddwr,  a  gentleman's  seat.  [J,D)  Jones. 

Cloit  and  Cloith,  in  Doomsday  Book,  corruptly  for  the  Clwyd 
river  which  runs  by  Ehuddlan. 

Clonexau,  i.  q.  Celynennau,  enw  He. 

Clorach  (n.  1.)  in  Mon.,  and  a  river.     Rhyd  Glorach. 

Clotvaeth  verch  Brychan. 

Clud  (qu.  a  river  ?),  a  country  in  Maelienydd.    Hence  Einion 

Clud  ap  Madoc. 

Priodawr  clodfawr  Clud  ao  Aeron. 

Cyiiddeltv,  i  Cadwallawn  ap  Madawc. 

Clun,  a  castle  of  the  Normans  in  Elvel,  a.d.  1142  (qu.  ?). 

Clun  Castle  in  the  Marches,  taken  by  Lord  Rys  a.d.  llQa, 
and  burnt,  in  Shropshire.     British,  Golunwy, 

Clwch  (n.  1.).  Clwch  Tymog,  a  place  in  Anglesey  noted  for 
chrystals. 

Clwyd  (fl.),  a  river  of  this  name  divides  between  Flintshire 
and  Denbighshire,  in  Dyffryn  Clwyd ;  Engl.,  the  Vale  of  Clwyd. 
Another  in  Scotland  called  by  Latin  writers  Glota,  and  the  people 
bordering  on  it  the  Stradclwyd  Briiains ;  and  by  the  Saxon 
writers,  Stratclydc  Wedlcs,  i.  e.,  Welsh  or  Brutaniaid  Ystrad 


94  CSIiTIC  REMAINS. 

Clwyd,  now  called  Clyde,  which  runs  through  Clyde's  Vale  to 
Dunbarton  and  Glasgow.     See  Tetrad  and  Strut 

Clydau,  a  parish  in  Pembrokeshire. 

Clydawg  (St.),  or  Clitauc,  son  of  Clitguin,  Prince  of  South 
Wales:  see  his  Life  in  Capgrave  and  in  Dugdale's  Monasticon, 
vol.  iii  He  was  buried,  where  he  was  killed,  by  the  river  Min- 
gui  (Mynwy),  where  a  church  was  erected  and  dedicated  to  him 
by  the  Bishop  of  Llandaf.     {Brit  Sanct) 

Clydawg  ap  Cadell,  slain  by  his  brother  Meuric,  ad.  917. 
(Powel,  Caradoc,  p.  47.) 
.   Clydawg  ap  Ithel,  the  53rd  King  of  Britain. 

Clydei  verch  Brychan. 

Clydno,  the  54th  King  of  Britain. 

Clydno  Eiddun,  a  Prince  of  North  Britain  (qu.  Edinborough  ?), 
father  of  Cynon.    {Tr.  53.) 

Clynennau  or  Celynennau,  a  place  in  Caernarvonshire.  Sir 
John  Owen  of  Clenenney.     (/.  D.) 

Clynnog  or  Celynnog  (a  place  of  hoUy),  a  church  dedicated 
to  St.  Beuno  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Clyno  ap  Cynyr  Farfdrwch. 

Clynogwr,  a  parish  (qu.  ?)  in  Glamorganshire,  or  Glyn  Ogwr. 
Vid.  Ogwr,  river. 

Clywedog  (n.  fL.),^,,8onorvs  (qu.).  Llanvair  y  Cly wedogau ;  two 
rivers  of  that  name  there  meet.  Several  of  this  name.  [  Watcin 
Clywedog,  a  poet. —  W.  I?.] 

Cneppyn  Gwrthrynion,  a  poet  of  the  country  of  Gwrthrynion. 
{Martimad  Trahaem.) 

Cnwccin,  a  place  not  far  from  Oswestry  {Dr,  Powel,  p.  381), 
where  Madoc  defeated  the  Marchers.  A  parish  and  church  now 
called  Knockin,  Shropshire.  The  castle  was  founded  1242,  says 
J.  E.,  by  John  le  Strange. 

Cnwcc  Glas,  in  Eadnorshire,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Cnwch  (n.  L).   Pen  y  Cnwch. 

CoCH,  properly  red.  Cantref  Coch,  formerly  one  of  the  seven 
cantrefs  of  Morganwg,  is  now  in  Gloucestershire,  called  Forest 
of -Dean.  (Price's  Description.)  Y  Fron  Goch;  y  Plas  Goch  ;  y 
Ehiw  Goch ;  y  Garn  Goch  ;  y  Rhos  Goch  ;  yr  AUt  Goch ;  Traetli 
Goch,  etc.    lorwerth  Goch  (n.  pr.  v.).   Y  Castell  Coch  ymhowys. 


CET-TIC  KEMAINS.  95 

the  Red  Castle  in  Powysland,  now  called  in  English  Pawis  Castle. 
It  lies  on  an  eminence  ahove  the  river  Severn,  near  the  town  of 
Welsh  Poole,  in  the  county  of  Montgomery,  and  hath  a  prospect 
that  wants  nothing  (except  a  view  of  the  sea)  to  make  it  com- 
plete. It  is  a  grand,  ancient  house,  built  on  a  rock,  in  form  of  a 
castle,  and  hath  been  a  stronghold  in  the  time  of  the  ancient 
Britains. 

CocHWiLLAN,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  the  parish  of  llandygai, 
near  Bangor  Fawr.  From  hence  came  the  famous  John  Williams, 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury  [York. —  W,  J9.] 

CoEi),  properly  wood,  in  the  composition  of  names  of  places, 
as  Caer  Penhwyl  Coed ;  Llangoed,  a  church  in  Anglesey  and 
Brecknockshire. 

Uan-goed  fal  llwynaa  Godwin. — Hywel  Dafydd. 

Coedmor  or  Coetmor ;  Coed  Llys ;  Ysgubor  y  Coed ;  Coed  Gron- 
wy;  Dugoed  Mowddwy;  Dechwedd  Hirj^oed ;  Argoed ;  y  Coedty ; 
y  Goedtref ;  Glascoed ;  Coed  y  Brain  ;  y  Perfeddgoed  ;  y  Gljrp- 
coed,  Anglesey ;  Coed  Celyddon,  yn  yr  Alban  ;  Coetalog,  L  e., 
Coed  halawg ;  Coedtraeth,  near  Tenby;  Trawsgoed ;  Pen  y  Coed ; 
Ty'n  y  Coed  ;  Cantref  y  Coed,  one  of  the  eight  cantrefs  of  Dyfed ; 
Coed  y  Mynydd ;  Uwchcoed  and  Iscoed,  etc. 

OoEDANE  or  CoEDANATJ,  a  chapel  of  that  name  in  Anglesey. 
See  Cad  y  Coedanau, 

•  Coed  Celyddon,  near  Litchfield. 
Coed  Cae  Du,  in  Trawsfynydd. 

Coed  y  Cra,  a  gentleman's  seat, — Ellises.     {J.  D) 
Coed  y  Cymmar,  Brecknockshire. 
Coed  Eulo  :  see  Eulo, 

*  Coed  Gronw,  near  Abergavenny,     {ff.  Lhvyd) 

Coed  yr  Haf,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  the  Cantref  of  Pen- 
fro.     (Price's  Descript.) 

Coed  Llwyfain  :  see  Llwyfain. 

Coedmor  (n.  1.).  Llangoedmor,  a  church  and  parish,  and  a 
gentleman's  seat,  in  Cardiganshire.     See  CoetTrwr. 

Coed  y  Mynydd,  in  Tegeingl.     (Z>.  ap  Mmund.) 

Coed  Ehygyn,  a  house  in  Trawsfynydd. 

CoEDRWG,  in  lal,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

CoedtRxVETH,  near  Tenby,  a  place  noted  for  trees  appeaiinig  in 


96  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

the  sand  at  low  water.  (See  IJwyd's  Notes  on  Camden  in  Pem^ 
Irokeshire,)  This  is  by  Camden  erroneously  wrote  Croytarath. 
No  wonder  that  the  Eomans  wrote  the  names  of  our  places  so  bad. 

COEDTY  (Y),  Glamorganshire. 

Coed  y  Llai,  a  gentleman *s  seat.    {J.  D.) 

Coed  Yspys.  A  battle  fought  liere,  where  the  Normans  were 
defeated  by  Cadwgan  ap  Bleddyn  of  Powys,  who  the  same  year, 
with  GrufFydd  ap  Cynan,  Prince  of  North  Wales,  had  taken  their 
castles  in  Cardigan  and  Dyfed,  a.d.  1092.     {Pov>el) 

Coeg.    Gallwyn  Goeg. 

CoEL  (n.  pr.  v.).  Camden  derives  it  from  Caelms,  as  Howel 
from  Hodius,  sunbright,  used  in  Britain  before  the  Roman  inva- 
sion. 

CoEL,  son  of  Cadell  ap  Geraint,  the  45th  King  of  Britain. 

CoEL,  Earl  of  Gloucester,  the  85th  King  of  Britain,  father  of 
Elen  (i.  e.,  Helena  Augusta),  his  only  child,  called  by  the  Britains 
Elen  Lvoyddawg,  or  the  Prosperous,  the  wife  of  Constantius,  and 
mother  of  Constantine  the  Great,  Emperor  of  Rome. 

CoEL  GoDHEBOG,  or  Cocl  Hen,  priodawr  o*r  Gogledd,  the  son 
of  Tegfan  ap  Deheufraint,  was  a  Prince  in  North  Britain^  father 
of  Cenau,  from  whom  descended  several  great  warriors,  Padam 
Beisrudd,  Pabo  Post  Prydain,  Urien  Reged,  Uywarch  Hen,  etc. 
These  two  Coels  are  confounded  together  by  some  of  the  poets, 
etc.,  who  have  misled  Geo.  Owen  Harry  and  several  other  writers. 
See  Hanes  24  Brenhin. 

CoEL  ap  Meurig,  the  78th  King  of  Britain. 

COEL  MORIADAWG. 

[CoELBRYN.  Capel  Coelbrjrn  in  Brecknockshire.  A  Roman 
causey  thereby.    Arch.,  i,  p.  297. —  W,  D.]  '    • 

CoETEN  Arthue,  i.  €.,  King  Arthur's  Quoit.  By  this  name  a 
great  many  of  those  ancient  monuments  in  Wales  are  called, 
which  by  the  moderns  are  supposed  to  have  been  the  altars  of 
the  Druids ;  but  in  some  places  they  are  called  crmnledi,  pi.  crom- 
techau.  One  of  them  at  Llanvihangel  Tre'r  Beirdd,  in  Anglesey, 
is  called  Coeten  Arthur ;  another,  near  Harlech,  etc.,  etc. 

CoETMOR,  a  place  in  Carnarvonshire,  i,  e,,  Coed  Mawr ;   and  ^ 
Llangoedmor,  a  parish  in  Cardiganshire.    Hence  Catmore  in  Rut- 
land.   Pugh  of  Coetmor. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  97 

Cop  Anghakad,  enw  Awdl  i  Angharad  verch  Eicart.  {D.  ap 
GtcUym) 

[Cte,  the  name  of  two  villages  and  two  or  three  farmhouses 
in  Glamorgan.    Quaere,  what  does  it  mean  ? — /.  if.] 

[CoGAN,  the  name  of  three  or  four  villages  in  Glamorgan.-/,  if.] 

COLEDAWG  or  CoLEDDAWG  (n.  pr.  V.),  mab  Gwyn,  un  o'r  tri  an- 
heol.     Qu.,  anneol,  unchosen  ? 

CoLEiGiON,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Dy fifryn  Clwyd ; 
from  Coel  ap  Cunedda  Wledig.     (Price's  Descript) 

COLEYON  (Price's  Descript),  by  mistake  for  Coleigion. 

GoLMAN  (St.).  Ilangolman  in  Dj'fed.  Colman  was  an  Irish 
saint,  and  the  third  Bishop  of  Lindisfame.  Died  676.  {Ulster 
Annals.)  There  have  been  several  Irish  saints  of  this  name  about 
A.D.  661.    (Brit.  Sanct.,  Aug.  8.) 

CoLMON,  the  name  of  some  Irish  general  that  invaded  Anglesey 

about  A.D There  is  a  great  ditch  thrown  up  near  Tre 

Wynn,  called  Ffos  Golmon  to  this  day ;  and  the  ruins  of  a  town 
hard  by,  called  Y  Gameddau,  or  the  Heaps ;  but  no  tradition 
what  town  it  was.  A  wedge  of  gold,  about  20  lbs.  weight,  was 
lately  found  near  the  place,  and  other  treasure. 

CoLOFN  Prydain,  some  measure  of  poetry,  it  seems.  {Cynddelw, 
i  Hjrwel  ap  0.  Gwjmedd.) 

O  Golofn  PrydaIn  y  prydaf 
Yn  gelfydd  or  defnydd  dyfnaf. 

CoLUN,  CoLUNWY,  in  English  Clynn  or  Clun.     See  Golun. 
CoLUNWY,  a  river  in  Shropshire.  (Camden.)   Hence  the  Forest 
of  Clun,  Shropshire. 
CoLUNWT,  a  surname,  from  the  river. 

Maccwy  Colunwy,  cei  lawenydd. 

D.  M,  TuduVf  i  Howel  Colupwy. 

CoLWEN.  Castell  Col  wen  (Camden,  Britannia),  which  he 
makes  Maud's  Castle  in  Colwent.    Qu.,  whether  CasteU  Colwen  ? 

COLWN :  see  Golun, 

CoLWYN,  a  river.  Ystum  Colwyn,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Mont- 
gomeryshire. 

CoLYN,  the  name  of  a  man  among  the  ancient  Britains  :  hence 
Ehos  Colyn  in  Anglesey.     I  know  Mr.  Eowlands  fancied  it  came 

13 


98  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

from  Colojn,  or  a  column  erected  there  by  the  Bomans  at  the 
extreme  boundary  of  their  conquest.  Hence  also  Dincolyn,  an 
ancient  fort  in  the  parish  of  Diserth  in  Tegeingl,  where,  in  a 
field  called  Brjm  Colyn,  there  are  ruins  of  an  old  fort.  (E. 
Llwyd,  Itinerary,)     See  Y  Ddiserth  and  Colyn  Dolphyn. 

Colyn  Dolphyn,  a  Briton  pirate  in  Bristol  Channel  in  Eichard 
the  3rd's  time,  a.d.  1477.     (Powel's  Garadoe,  p.  139.) 

CoLYNNOG  Fawr  jh  Arfon,  or  Celynnog  or  Cljmnog. 

Coll  (n.  pr.  v.).  Coll  mab  CoUfirewy,  un  o'r  tri  Gwrddfeich- 
iad.  {Tr.  30.)  This  man  was  the  principal  king-at-arms  in 
Eling  Arthur's  time ;  for  it  appears  in  this  Triad  that  he  gave 
the  eagle  to  Brynach  the  Scot,  and  the  wolf  to  Menwaed  of 
Arllechwedd.  This  shows  the  great  antiquity  of  bearing  arms 
in  Britain.  Un  o'r  tri  prif  hut.  {Tr.  32.)  Hut  Ehuddlwm  Gawr 
a  ddysgodd  i  CoU  mab  Collfrewy.  {Tr.  32.)  Coll  mab  CoUfrewy, 
un  o'r  tri  prif  Uedrithawc.  {Tr.  33.) 

CoLLAWN  (n.  pr.  v.).     Collawn  mab  Berch.    {Tr.  Meirch,  8.) 

CoLLEN  (St.)  ap  Gwynawg  ap  Clydawg  ap  Cowrda  ap  Cariadog 
I'reichfras.  Llangollen,  a  church,  parish,  and  village  in  Den- 
bighshire.  Fairs  kept  here.  The  Abbey  of  Valle  Crucis  in  ruins 
near  this  place ;  and  also  CasteU  Dinas  Bran,  an  impregnable 
fort.    Pont  Llangollen,  a  curiosity. 

CoLLFRYN  (n.  L),  q.  d.  Bryn  y  CyH 

Cnewillyn  y  Collfryn  cell. — H.  GUan^  i  Gr.  Deuddwr. 

[CoU-fryn,  from  loss  of  a  battle ;  and  Cefii  Digoll,  where  it  was 
retrieved. —  W.  D,'] 

CoLLWYN  (n.  pr.  v.),  and  not  Collin. 

Collw^  tylwyth  Bleddyn  hlaid.'-^Hywel  Dafydd, 

COLLWYN,  a  river.     Dyffryn  Collwyn,  Breconshire. 

CoNGARTH  Fechan,  the  old  name  of  the  place  where  the  Csistle 
of  Pembroke  was  built  by  Gerald  Steward  of  Pembroke,  a.d. 
1108.    {Carad.,  p.  163.)     Qu.,  whether  the  Gangi  t 

CoNiACH,  Conaught  in  Ireland. 

A  hyder  o  wychder  iach 
Hy  goresgynny  Goniach. 

lolo  Ooch  to  Sir  Rog»  Mortimer. 

CoNSTANS,  or  Cwsteint,  the  86th  Kiug  of  Britain.  This  is  Con- 
stantius  Chlorus,  father  of  Constantine  the  Great. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  99 

CoNSTANTius ;  Cambro-Biitish,  Ctosteint  and  Constans. 

CONSTANTINUS ;  Cambro-British,  Owstenin.  Camden  says  "  in 
some  parts  of  the  realm"  he  was  called  Ciistance,  meaning  Wales  ; 
but  he  was  wrong.  All  our  British  writers  call  him  Owstenin 
ovCwstenyn;  and  there  is  a  church  in  Caernarvonshire  dedicated 
to  Cwstenyn  Fendigaid,  called  Llangwstenyn.    See  GusteirU, 

CONSTINOBL  (Triad  61),  i.  e.,  Constantinople. 

Constinobl  a'i  phobl. 

Conwy,  or,  as  Mr.  Edward  Uwyd  would  have  it,  Cynwy;  Lat- 
inized Conovium  by  Antoninus  (recti  Canvium) ;  a  garrison  town 
and  a  beautiful  castle  built  on  the  west  side  of  the  river  Conwy 
in  Caernarvonshire,  which  stands  to  this  day.  The  river  is  called 
by  the  natives  Aherconwy ;  Latinized  Aberconovium ;  by  Ptolomy 
called  Toisomus  for  Conovius  (Oamden),  It  is  corruptly  called 
in  English  Conway.  This  place  was  by  the  Princes  of  Wales 
found  more  convenient  than  the  situation  of  Diganwy,  which 
was  the  ancient  town  that  lay  on  the  east  side  of  the  river, 
where  the  Princes  of  Wales  formerly  resided ;  and  where  King 
John  came  with  a  vast  army  to  destroy  all  Wales  and  every 
living  thing  in  it,  A.D.  1211 ;  but  was  defeated  by  the  Welsh,  and 
reduced  to  great  extremities.    See  Teganwy. 

The  Abbey  of  Conway  was  built  by ;  and  here  they  kept 

the  records  of  the  acts  and  successions  of  the  Princes  of  North 
Wales,  and  buried  their  chief  men.  This  Abbey  was  spoiled  and 
burnt  by  Henry  III,  A.D.  1245,  who  then  lay  at  Diganwy,  which 
Matth.  Paris  calls  Gannoch.  Hugh  Earl  of  Chester  fortified 
Conway  before  Edward  I's  time.     (Camden  in  Caernarvonshire.) 

Conwy  is  also  an  appellative.  Hugh  Conwy  ap  Robin  ap  Gr. 
Goch.  Hence  the  surname  of  Conway,  It  is  wrote  Conwy  by 
our  learned  poets ;  as, 

Neam  bu  aralldyd  ym  rydyd  pwy 
Cer  moreb  cain  wyneb  Conwy. 

Pryd/ydd  y  Moc\  i  L.  ap  lorwerth. 

Gwdion  mab  Don  ar  Qonwy 
Hndlath  ni  bu  o'i  fath  fwy. 

J),  ap  Qwilym, 

Wyr  i'r  gwalch  o  oror  Gwy 
Wyd  a'i  genedl  hyd  Qonwy. 

Hywel  Swrdwal, 


100  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Y  cawn  ar  Ian  Conwy  *r  wledd 
Nan  Conwy  man  cawn  y  medd. 

Tudur  Aled, 

Coppa'k  Leni,  a  gentleman's  seat  near  a  hill  of  that  name  near 
Rhuddlan.     [Gappa^r  Oleuni,  a  beacon  there. —  W.  D.] 

CORANNIAIT  or  CoRANTEiT,one  of  the  three  molesters  of  Britain, 
(Tr.  41.)  This  is  a  nation  or  colony  of  strangers  said  to  have 
come  to  Britain  in  the  time  of  Undd  ap  Beli,  which  was  before 
the  Roman  conquest,  and  are  said  to  be  originally  Asiatics. 
These  may  be  the  people  called  by  Roman  writers  OorUani,  (See 
Camden,  who  could  give  no  account  of  them.)  It  is  probable 
they  were  Germans,  for  Lludd  went  over  to  Gaul  to  advise  with 
his  brother  Llefelys  about  them ;  so  they  were  not  Gauls.  {Tys^ 
silio,)  See  "  Stori  'r  tair  Gormes."  [Of  these  L.  M.  gives,  in  his 
own  opinion,  a  very  good  account. — I,  Jf.] 

CoRDiLA  or  CoRDEiLA,  a  Queen  of  Britain  who  reigned  five 
years,  being  the  11th  Prince  of  Britain  of  the  Trojan  race.  She 
was  daughter  of  Ilyr, 

CoRiNEwa 

CoRMUR  ap  Eurbre  WyddeL    See  Brychan. 

CoRNDOCHEN.  Castell  Corndochen,  the  ruins  of  a  castle,  of 
which  no  author  makes  mention,  says  Mr.  E.  Llwyd.  {Notes  on 
Camden.)  It  lies  in  the  parish  of  Llanuwchllyn  in  Merionydd- 
shire.  It  is  seated  on  the  top  of  a  steep  rock  at  the  bottom  of  a 
deep  valley,  a  wall  surroimding  three  turrets,  and  the  mortar 
made  of  cockle-shells.  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  thinks  it  built  by  the 
Romans,  but  gives  no  reason  for  it.  See  Prysor.  [It  is  more 
likely  to  be  British  than  Roman.  There  were  no  coins  nor  any 
other  Roman  relics  found.  No  Roman  military  way  goes  near 
it.  The  situation  might  have  served  for  a  short  defence ;  but 
the  besieged  would  soon  find  the  inconvenience  of  the  place. 
The  Romans,  according  to  Hyginus,  always  chose  a  place  where 
they  might  conveniently  draw  out  to  fight.  Tliese  brave  people 
never  fortified  such  places  inaccessible  as  would  show  they  were 
afraid  of  the  enemy.  Camdochen  and  Treberry  (Tre*r  Biri,  or 
Castell  y  Biri,  q.  v.),  if  any,  are  of  Welsh  construction,  thinks 
Daines  Barrington ;  and  he  would,  he  says,  add  Castell  Dinas 
Bran,  if  not  so  near  the  English  frontier.    He  adds  that  the 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  101 

Welsh  princes  had  neither  money,  skilful  masons,  nor  a  sufficient 
number  of  hands,  to  complete  such  works.  He  had  never  seen 
a  coin  of  a  Welsh  prince.  None  of  them  (meaning  the  Welsh) 
can  now  lay  courses  so  well,  or  hew  so  regularly,  as  those  in 
many  of  the  ancient  castles. —  W.  D.] 

CoKNWY,  a  mountain  in  Anglesey ;  and  qu.  whether  a  river  by 
Caerau  ?  T  Gam  ynghomwy. 

Comwy  Ia/s  and  Comvyy  Lan  are  divisions  of  a  lordship  there : 
hence  a  church,  lianvair  ynghomwy.     See  Extent  of  Anglesey. 

COROLWNG  ap  Beblig. 

Cobs,  a  bog ;  frequent  in  Ireland ;  used  in  the  names  of  some 
places  where  there  are  no  bogs ;  as,  Cors  y  Gedol,  Meirion ;  but 
chiefly  of  places  so  situated.  Dol  y  Corslwyn,  a  gentleman's 
seat ;  Cors  y  Bol ;  Cors  Eilian ;  Cors  Ddygai ;  Cors  y  Cefndu ; 
Glan  y  Gors,  a  gentleman's  seat ;  y  Gors  Ddu ;  y  Gors  Wen ;  y 
Gors  Eudd ;  Ehiw  Eygors ;  y  Gors  Lwyd ;  y  Gors  Fawr ;  Ilan- 
gors,  Brecknockshire,  etc.  Mr.  Edward  Hwyd,  in  his  Letter  to 
Nicolson,  author  of  the  Historical  Library/,  says  that  cors  signifies 
a  marsh,  which  is  a  mistake  I  don't  know  how  he  could  be  guilty 
of,  for  a.  marsh  is  morfa;  and  he  further  adds  that  cors  signifies 
also  a  reed,  and  marshes  being  often  overgrown  with  them,  it 
was  thence  probably  they  were  called  corsydd,  [Cors  is  a  marsh 
in  South  Wales ;  cors  is  also  a  reed  in  South  Wales. — I.  M,] 
This  was  also  a  great  oversight  in  Mr.  Ilwyd,  for  corsen,  in  the 
British  and  Armoric,  and  not  cors,  is  the  name  for  a  reed,  which 
is  plainly  derived  from  coi-s,  a  bog,  because  often  growing  in 
bogs ;  and  corr  in  Irish  is  a  pit  of  water. 

Prenniau  cors  are  the  subterranean  trees  found  in  bogs,  but 
not  in  marshes,  unless  such  marshes  have  been  bogs.  Oorsydd 
are  inland,  but  marshes  are  on  the  sea-coast,  and  so  called 
because  overflowed  by  the  sea,  and  therefrom  called  morfa. 
There  is  also  a  distinction  between  mavm  cors  and  mavm  mynydd, 
i.  ej.,bog  turf  and  mountain  turf;  but  there  is  no  turf  in  marshes, 
which  are  clayey  groimd. 

Cors  Fochno,  a  bog  by  the  river  Dyfi. 

A  chad  Cors  Fochno  a  chad  ym  M6n. — Hb*.  MyrddUu 
CoRS  Heilin,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J.  D.) 


102  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

CORS  Y  GBDOL,in  Meirionyddsliire,the  seat  of  William  Vaughan, 
Esq.,  Member  of  Parliament  for  that  county. 

[CoRS  Y  Saeson. —  W,  jD.] 

CoRTHi  (o  Lwyn  Dyfnog)  ap  Medrod. 

CoRUN  ap  Ceredic.    Harri  Corun.     Cwm  Corun. 

CoRWEN,  a  village  in  Edeyrnion  in  Powys  Land,  where  Owain 
Gwynedd,  with  the  forces  of  North  and  South  Wales  and  Powys, 
came  to  meet  Henry  II,  King  of  England,  with  a  vast  army  fix)m 
England,  Normandy,  Anjou,  Gasooine  and  Guyen,  Flanders,  and 
Britanny.  Here  the  Britains  encamped,  and  the  King  of  Eng- 
land encamped  on  the  river  Ceiriog,  where  they  disputed  the 
pass  with  him  with  some  loss  of  both  sides ;  but  he  got  over, 
and  encamped  on  the  side  of  Berwyn  Mountain.  Here  Owain 
Gwynedd  got  master  of  all  the  passes,  that  neither  forage  nor 
victuals  could  come  to  the  King's  camp,  nor  durst  a  soldier  stir 
abroad.  To  augment  his  miseries,  such  heavy  rains  fell  that  the 
strangers,  not  used  to  such  grounds,  could  not  stand  upon  their 
feet ;  so  with  much  ado  the  King  returned  with  great  loss  of 
men  and  danger  of  his  life,  without  effecting  his  purpose  of  de- 
stroying aU  that  had  life  in  the  land,  as  he  intended  and  threat- 
ened. A.D.  1165.  (Caradoc  in  Owain  Owynedd.)  See  Berwyn  and 
Crogen. 

OoRYBANTAU,  rcctfe  Ouro  i  bantau.  The  Corybantes  among  the 
Celt®  were  the  same  with  the  Curetes,  priests  of  Cybele.  Six 
brethren  who  had  the  care  of  bringing  up  lou  were  so  called  from 
their  euro,  beating  their  weapons  together  to  make  a  noise.  This 
they  did  in  the  isle  of  Crete,  that  Saturn  might  not  hear  his  son 
lou  cry.  And  when  lou  came  of  age  he  rewarded  them,  and  made 
them  priests  to  Cybele  in  Mount  Ida  in  Phrygia.     See  Curetes, 

CosGARN  EiNiON,  in  Basaleg,  Monmouthshire. 

CosSEiL  or  CossAiL,  a  consul ;  the  principal  officer  or  general 
of  the  Roman  party  of  the  Loegrian  Britains ;  and  the  word  was 
in  use  even  after  the  Saxon  conquest  of  Loegria. 

Ny  thorrei  OosseU  £y  nherfyn. — Llywarch  Hen, 
Ni  charei  Oossail  fy  ngwrthlid. — Llywa/rch  Hen. 

Cot  :  vid.  Cynlas,    Whether  Goth,  old  ? 
CoTHi,  a  river  in  Caermarthenshire,  falls  into  the  Towi.  Hence 
Dol  y  Cothi  (n.  1.) ;  Glyn  Cothi.    See  Glyn  and  DoL 
Leiois  Glyn  Cothi,  a  famous  poet,  A.D.  1456. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  1 03 

CouNSYLLT,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Tegengl  hnndrei 
See  Prestatyn  and  Ehuddlan,  the  other  two. 

CouNSYLLT,  a  strait  or  pass  near  Flint.  Here  Owain  Gwynedd 
with  his  North  Wales  men  met  and  fought  Eondel  Earl  of  Chester 
and  Madoc  ap  Meredyth,  Prince  of  Powys,  with  hired  soldiers 
from  England,  more  in  number  and  better  armed  than  the  Gwyn- 
eddians,  where  Owen  gave  them  a  total  defeat,  and  very  few 
escaped  except  the  chief  officers  by  the  swiftness  of  their  horses, 
A.D.  1148.  (Caradoc  in  0,  Gwynedd.)  Here  also  King  Henry  II, 
in  his  first  attempt  against  the  Welsh,  took  the  standard  of 
England ;  and  the  King  lost  several  noblemen,  and  was  obliged 
to  fly.  (Powers  Chron.,  p.  207.)    See  Coed  JSulo. 

CowBRiDGE,  or  Bontvaen,  a  town  in  Morganwg. 

CowNi,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (/.  D.) 

CowRDA  Sant.    A  church  of  his  at  Ilangoed.     Cowrdaf  ap 
Cariadog  Freichfras.    Bron  Llangourrda,  the  ruins  of  a  chapel  in 
Cardiganshire.     [GalU  Cavrrda,  a  monastery  of  Glamorganshire, 
now  in  ruins. — I.  M,] 
.  CowRES  (n.  L),  qu.  a  river  ? 

Llys  Qowres  lies  ag  arian.— O.  ap  LI.  Moeh 

Tri  o  gariad  trwy  Gowres. — Eywel  Swrdwal, 
See  Oowres, 

CowRYD  ap  Cadvan :  qu.  Cywryd  ? 

CowRYD  ap  Perfarch  ap  larddur. 

CowYN  or  CowiN,  a  river.  {Llywarch  Ren  in  Marwnad  CadwaU- 
awn.)   liandeilo  Abercowyn,  Caermarthenshire.   See  Ab&t-cawyn. 

CoYTY,  a  lordship  in  Morganwg ;  or  perhaps  Coedty.  (Powel, 
p.  122.)  [The  richest  parish  in  Britain, as  the  inhabitants  boast;  it 
has  a  very  rich  soil,  plenty  of  wood,  coal,  lime,  iron,  lead,  marble, 
freestone,  slate,  millstone,  potter's  clay ;  salmon,  trout  in  abund- 
ance ;  two  castles,  two  churches,  a  market-town  (Pen  y  Bont  ar 
Ogwr) ;  the  large  village  of  Coetty,  and  several  other  villages. — 
/.if.] 

Crach.    Grufifydd  Grftch. 

Crajdifael  Sant.  A  church  dedicated  to  him  at  Penmynydd 
in  Anglesey.     See  Gradifel. 

Cradifel  (n.  1.).    i.  G.  Oothi 

Cradoc  or  Cradog  ;  Lat.  Caractacus.  {K  Zlwyd).  See  Caradog. 


104  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Crafdin  Grythor,  a  famous  musician  of  Ireland,  a.d.  48.  Crab^ 
tine  OnUaire.     {Ogygia,  p.  283.) 

Crafnant,  a  river  in  Eryri,  which  runs  from  Llyn  Crafnant, 
about  two  mUes  from  Trefriw,  perhaps  took  its  name  from  craf, 
wild  garlick.     Qu.,  whether  that  plant  abounds  there  ? 

Craig,  a  rock,  used  in  the  names  of  places ;  as  Craig  Buna, 
EadnoTshire;  y  Graig  Coch;  y  Wen  Graig;  y  Greigddu;  y 
Greiglas;  y  Greigwen;  y  Greiglwyd ;  Pencraig,  Anglesey;  y 
Greigfryn,  etc. 

Crau  Swch.  Lands  of  Crau  Swch  mentioned  in  the  Prince's 
Extent,  A.D.  1352.  It  signifies  soccage  tenure.  Crau  is  that  part 
of  the  9wchy  or  share,  that  the  wood  goes  into  the  iron.  See 
LUdwigan  and  Milain  Aradrgaeth. 

Credic  ap  Dyfnwal  Hen.    An  id.  qd,  Ceredig  t 

Credyw  Sant.     (Broivne  Willis.) 

Creo.    Gwenhwyfar  Gr6g. 

Creirwy  (n.  pr.  f.).  Creirwy  verch  Cludno  Eiddun  ap  Cyn- 
wyd  Cynwydion. 

Creirwy,  merch  Ceritwen,  (TV. 73.)  This  is  Caridwen  Wrach, 
wife  of  Tegid. 

Creirwy,  sister  of  Morfiran  ap  Tegid,  a  lady  in  Arthur's  court. 
(Tr.  73.)     See  Garwy. 

Crenant.  Cappel  Crenant,  Morganwg ;  recti  Creunant,  blood- 
brook.  See  Creunant.  [Cappel  Creunant,  ymhlwyf  Llangyfelach 
y  mae ;  always  pronounced  Creunant ;  a  village  with  a  chapel 
and  fairs.    See  Almanac. — I.  M.] 

Cresi,  Cressy  in  France. 

Gwae  a'i  gweles  ynghresi 
Gwr  di  wael  mown  trafael  tri. 

lolo  Qochy  i  Syr  Bys. 

See  Dr.  Davies  in  the  word  Oresiy  mistaking  it  for  a  verb. 

Cresfain  (Y),  enw  lie. 

Creuddyn  (wrote  also  Crewthyn  by  EnglisM  writers),  one  of  the 
three  commots  of  Cantref  Penwedig  in  Cardiganshire ;  from  crau, 
blood,  and  dun,  a  fort ;  q.  d.  bloody  fort  Qu.,  whether  of  the 
same  origin  with  OrtUhen  in  Vita  S.  PatridL     (Ogygia,  p.  180.) 

Creuddyn,  a  commot  in  Caernarvonshire ;  one  of  the  three 
commots  of  Cantref  y  Rhos. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  105 

Y  cri  oedd  yn  y  Creuddyn 

-A.g  wylo  tost  glowed  hyn. — JB.  Ddu. 

C&r  iddynt  wyf  o'r  Creuddyn, 
Llyna  haid  o'r  Uin  i  hyn. 

Deio  ah  leuan  Du. 

Perhaps  Croydon,  near  London,  is  of  the  same  origin. 
Creulon.    Einion  Greulon  ap  Einion  ap  Eirid. 
Creunant,  bloody  brook. 

Ami  celain  ynghrain  ynghreanant. 

CynddelWf  i  0.  Gwynedd. 

Cribach,  a  harbour  in  Cardiganshire. 

Crib  y  Ddiscil,  a  mountain  near  Ilanberis  in  Eryri.  {R  Llwyd) 
[Crib  y  Ddysgl  (JDdistyll),  one  of  the  three  peaks  of  Snowdon  as 
observed  from  Capel  Curig. —  W,  D,] 

Cricciaith  or  Crucciaith,  a  town  and  castle  in  Caernarvon- 
shire. 

Pendefig  Cracciaith  maith  mygr  difwng. 

Ein.  db  Mad,  Bhahawd^  i  Buff,  ap  Llywelyn. 

Bhys  ap  Sion  o'r  happas  iaith. 

Gwr  y  w  acow  o  Orncciaith. — L.  O,  Cothi, 

Cridia,  an  abbey  of  White  Monks,  burnt  by  Henry  III,  be- 
cause a  refuge  for  the  Welsh,  near  Ceri  and  Montgomery,  men- 
tioned by  Mattb.  Paris ;  where  Henry  III  gave  leave  to  Hubert 
de  Burgh  to  build  a  castle,  which  by  the  peace  then  made  Llew- 
elyn ap  lorwerth  insisted  to  be  rased  on  his  own  charge. 

Crigion,  in  the  paiish  of  Guildsfield,  Montgomeryshire. 

Crimmagh,  in  Anglesey. 

Criniogau  or  Crinioge  (or  qu.  whether  Ceinioge),  a  gentle- 
man's seat.     (/.  D.) 

Cristin  (n.  f.),  Christiana.  Cristin  verch  Gronwy  (Ronwy)  ap 
Owain  ap  Edwin,  arglwydd  Tegengl,  oedd  wraig  Owen  Gwyn- 
edd; mother  of  Dafydd  and  Eodri.  {MS.)  See  "Awdl  Saith 
Mab  Cadifor." 

Cristiolus  (Sant  yn  liedwigan)  ap  Howel  Fychan  ap  Howel 
ap  Emyr  Llydaw.  (MS.)  Llangristiolus  ym  Men.  Dr.  H.  Mor- 
ris, a  famous  preacher  in  Charles  II's  time,  was  of  this  place. 

Cristog.    Y  Barwn  o  Gristog. 

14 


106  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Croes  Oswallt,  Oswald's  Tree  or  Cross,  now  Oswestry,  in 
Shropshire. 

Crogen  Castle,  a  pass  on  Ofifa's  Ditch  near  Oswestry,  where  the 
Britains,  in  defending  it,  slew  a  great  number  of  Henry  II's  men 
in  his  expedition  to  Berwyn.  Castell  Crogen  was  the  old  name 
of  Chirk  Castle  in  the  commot  of  Nanheudwy.  SeeAdivy^rBeddau 
and  Corvjcn. 

Crogen  Iddon,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  the  parish  of  Llangollen, 
Here  was  a  battle  fought  between  the  Welsh  and  Normans. 

Y  Plas  ynghrogen  ar  Ian  Dyfrdwy.     {JDr,  D,) 

Cromlech,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Anglesey,  which  takes  its 
name  from  one  of  those  altars  of  the  Druids  called  cromlechau, 
which  still  stands  near  that  house.  It  is  very  large  and  high, 
and  worth  the  observation  of  the  curious. 

Cronerth,  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Morganwg.  (Price's 
JDescript.)  It  contains  three  commots,  viz.,  Ehwng  Nedd  ac  Afan, 
Tir  yr  Hwndrwd,  and  Maenor  Glynogwr. 

Croytarath  {Camden  in  Pembrokeshire),  rectfe  Coedtraeth, 

Cruc  Mawr,  a  mountain  in  Ceretica  (Cardiganshire),  men- 
tioned in  Nennius  (Flaherty,  Ogygia,  p.  292),  where  he  says  there 
is  a  grave  which  fits  the  length  lying  in  it,  short  or  long. 

Crug,  a  heap  or  tumulus :  hence  the  names  of  places.  Crug- 
unan ;  Crug  Howel ;  y  Crug  in  Eryri ;  Crucmor  or  Crugmawr ; 
yr  Wyddgrug ;  and  perhaps  Crugciaith  ;  Pen  y  Crug  (Lat.  Pen- 
nocrucium)  ;  GaUt  y  Crug  ;  Crug  Eryr ;  Plas  y  Crug. 

Crug  Eryr  (n.  1.).    i.  Glyn  Cothi. 

Crug  Howel  (Z.  0.  Cothi),  a  town  on  the  Wysg ;  also  a  com- 
mot in  Brecknockshire. 

Crug  y  Dyrn,  in  the  parish  of  Trelech,  Carmarthenshire,  a 
tumulus  of  the  ancient  Britains.  Mr.  E.  Uwyd  interprets  it  the 
King's  Barrow,  making  Dyrn  to  be  teym,  and  supposes  it  pagan. 

Crugunan  (n.  1.),  qu.,  in  Eadnorshire  ?  [and  Creignant  in  Mei- 
fod  parish. —  W,  -D.] 

Crupl.     Madog  Grupl  ap  Grufiydd. 

Cruthinh  Populi,  supposed  to  be  the  Picts.  The  people  of 
Dalaradia  in  the  time  of  St.  Patrick. 

Crydon  (n.  pr.  v.).    Cry  don,  father  of  Cywryd.    {Tr.  73.) 

Cryg.     Rhys  Gryg.     Angl.  hoarse. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  107 

Crymlyn,  a  river  (qu.)  in  Coychurch,  Glamorganshire.  Blaen 
Ciymlyn.     Crymlyn  or  Cremlyn  in  Anglesey. 

Cryniarth,  in  Edeyrnion,  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J.D)  [Another 
in  Mochnant,  Denbighshire. —  W,  DJ] 

Crys  Halawg  :  vid.  Oadwal. 

Cu  ap  Gweneu  o  Frecheiniog.     Gwen  gu  verch  Gruffydd. 

CuAWC  (fl.).  Abercuawc  {Llywarch  Hen) ;  id.  quod  Ciog,  See 
Bolgiog, 

CuHELYN  (not  Cyhelyn),  Archbishop  of  London,  who  brought 
up  the  Roman  lady  who  afterwards  married  to  Cwstenyn,  brother 
of  Aldwr,  King  of  Uydaw;  and  afterwards,  on  Gwrtheyrn's  seiz- 
ing the  crown  of  Britain,  escaped  over  to  Uydaw  (Armorica)  with 
her  two  sons,  Emrys  and  Uther,  who  were  both  afterwards  kings 
of  Britain.  (Tyssilio.)  Latinized  by  Galfrid.  and  Virunnius, 
Guitolinus, 

CuL.     Meirchion  Gul  ap  Gwrwst  Ledlwm. 

CuLEDREMNE,  a  battle  fought  by  Conall  Mac  GonagaU,  King  of 
Alban,  a.d.  563.     {Ogygia,  p.  473.) 

CULFYNAWYD  (n.  pr.  V.).  Culfynawyd  Prydain,  father  of  the 
three  unchaste  wives,  Essyllt,  Penarwen,  and  Bun.    {T nodes,) 

CuNALLT :  see  Bryn  CunallL 

CuNEDDA,  the  12th  King  of  Britain,  reigned  here  thirty-three 
years,  about  the  time  Eomulus  founded  Rome. 

CuNEDDA  Wledig,  a  Prince  of  a  country  in  Scotland  called 
Manau  Guotodin,  whence  he  was  drove  by  the  Scots  {L  e.,  the 
Irish  Scots  or  Gwyddyl  Ffichti),  with  his  eight  sons,  146  years 
before  the  time  of  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  i,  e.,  about  a.d.  440.  Tliis 
was  the  time  the  Scots  came  over  from  Ireland,  and  settled  in 
Argile.  (Usher,  Prim,,  p.  1023.)  Nennius  says  he  brought  eight 
sons  with  him  from  Manau  Guotodin  (see  Gododin) ;  and  Price 
{Descript)  names  them  and  four  more.  He  might  have  some  sons 
in  Cambria  before. — 1,  Tibion,  father  of  Meirion ;  2,  Arwystl  ap 
Cunedda;  3,  Caredig  ap  Cunedda;  4,  Dunod;  5,  Edeyrn;  6, 
Mael ;  7,  Coel ;  8,  Dogvael ;  9,  Rhufaon ;  10,  Einion  Yrth ;  11, 
Ussa ;  (in  a  note)  12,  Maelor  ap  Gwran  ap  Cunedda.  Selden,  in 
Ma/re  Clausum,  p.  251,  concludes,  from  his  driving  the  Scots 
out  of  all  the  islands  and  countries  of  Britain,  that  he  must  have 
very  great  strength  in  shipping. 


108  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Un  o*r  tri  Sanctaidd  Linns.     (TV.  42.) 

CuRETUYR,  in  the  old  orthography  Cwre^««.  Curet  in  the  ancient 
orthography  would  be  wrote  in  the  modern  Curydd,  which  sig- 
nifies a  beater ;  and  those  priests  were  called  so  because  they 
beat  drums,  and  clash  their  armour  together.     See  Coryhantau, 

CiTRlG  (n.  pr.  V.) ;  Lat.  Cyricus.  Curig  Lwyd.  Llangurig,  a 
church  in  Montgomeryshire  erected  by  Curig,  an  Armorican. 
Curig  yn  Nhrefdraeth. 

CuBMWE,  alias  Morfawr,  ap  Caden  ap  Bran  ap  Ilyr  liediaith. 

CusTANS,  verch  Tomas  Hen  o  Salbri. 

CusTEiNT  or  CwsTEiNT  (n.  pr.  V.) ;  Lat.  Constans.  In  Nennius' 
Catalogue  there  is  Caire  Custenit;  in  Usher,  Oa^  Custeint:  Some 
say  it  is  Caer'narfon ;  for  that  Constantius  re-edified  it,  and  was 
buried  there.     It  is  not  [called]  by  this  name  in  the  Triades. 

Custenit.  Caer  Custenit,  in  Nennius,  supposed  to  be  Caer 
Cwstennin,  t.  e.,  Caernarvon. 

CuwcH  (in  the  English  maps  Keach),  a  river  in  the  cantref  of 
Eralyn  in  Dyfed.  The  river  is  the  bound  between  Pembroke- 
shire and  Carmarthenshire :  hence  Uwch  Cuwch  and  Is  Cuwch,  the 
names  of  two  of  the  three  commots  of  Emlyn.  Price  (in  Descript) 
calls  them  Uwch  Cuch  and  Is  Cuch  by  mistake. 

Glyn  Cnwch  yn  Emlyn.     (  TV.  36.) 

See  Emlyn  and  Olyn  Cuwch, 

CwcH  (Castell).    Emlyn  is  Cwch. 

CwM,  or  CwMM,  ia  a  very  ancient  Celtic  word  signifying  a 
valley  or  dingla  It  is  prefixed  to  the  names  of  several  places 
in  Britain  having  that  situation. 

CwM,  a  church  and  parish  in  Flintshire. 

CwM  Amman,  Carmarthenshire. 

CwM  Blowty,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (J".  D) 

CwM  Cawlwyd,  arglwyddiaeth. 

CwM  Cenin,  in  Llandeilo  Fawr,  Carmarthenshire. 

CwM  Cethin. 

CwM  Cyllau,  in  the  parish  of  GeUi  Gar,  Glamorganshire. 

CwM  Deri  Cyrn,  in  Llannon. 

Cw^i  Ervin. 

[CwM  Y  Felin  (n.  I),  in  Glamorgan.  Choffr  Owm  y  Felin,  a  little 
ancient  society  thus  nicknamed,  supposed  by  the  common  people 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  109 

to  be  deists,  atheists,  or  the  Lord  knows  what ;  but  by  their  own 
account  of  themselves  they  are  the  immediate  successors  of  the 
ancient  bards  and  Druids ;  and  they  still  retain,  or  pretend  to 
do  so,  the  ancient  opinions,  discipline,  maxims,  poetic  laws,  etc., 
of  the  ancient  British  bards.  They  seldom  admit  any  into  their 
society  but  such  as  have  a  genius  for  poetry,  and  call  themselves 
by  no  other  name  or  style  but  Beirdd  or  Beirdd  wrth  Fraint  a 
Defod  Beirdd  Ynys  Prydain,  and  sometimes  Prifeirdd.  But  ask 
the  common  people,  especially  the  Methodists,  what  Gw;^  Cwm 
y  Pelin  are,  and  it  is  ten  to  one  but  a  very  curious  (always  care- 
ful of  its  being  a  bad)  account  of  them : 

'Tis  this  and  'tis  that, 
And  they  cannot  tell  what. 

They  have  always  been  a  sensible  and  intelligent  set  of  people 
and  are  now  but  very  few  in  number. — 7.  M.] 

Cwm  y  Gro  (n.  1.).    D,  ah  Gvnlym, 

CwMiNOD,  in  Powys  Land. 

Cwm  Iou,  a  parish  in  Monmouthshire ;  another  in  Hereford- 
shire. [One  and  the  same  parish  ;  part  in  one  county,  and  part 
in  the  other, — a  common  thing  in  South  Wales. — /.  -Jf.] 

Cwm  Llifon.  Cilmin  Droedtu  o  Gwm  Llifon.  Vid.  6lyn 
Ll'ifon. 

Cwm  Llwydbew,  in  Machyn,  Glamorganshire.  [Not  in  Mach- 
yn,  but  in  lianiUtud  Faerdref. — I.  M.] 

Cwmmein,  a  gentleman's  seat ;  perhaps  Cwm  Meini,  or  Cwm 
Main,  a  river. 

Cwmmwd,  a  conmiot,  a  subdivision  of  a  cantref  in  Wales ;  from 
cvmi  and  hod,  people  living  in  the  same  valley :  hence  also  cym^ 
mydog,  a  neighbour.  Mr.Spelman  says  it  should  contain  properly 
fifty  villas,  which  is  half  a  cantref;  and  that  this  is  derived  from 
cynn  and  hod,  to  coexist,  to  coinhabit ;  and  quotes  the  Statute 
of  Ehuddlan,  12  Edward  I,  from  a  Latin  copy  which  I  have 
faithfully  copied  here  from  him.  Whether  his  copy  was  bad,  or 
(more  likely)  his  want  of  knowledge  of  the  language  of  the 
Britains,  a  Cambro-Britain  will  hardly  forgive  any  man  of  any 
nation  that  takes  the  liberty  of  murdering  his  language  as  this 
author  doth.  "  Statuimus  quod  vicecomes  coronatores  &  ballivi 
commotorum  sint  in  Snowdon  &  tends  nostris."    And  a  little 


110  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

after:  "Vicecomes'  de  Kaernarvan  sub  quo  cantreda  de  Arvan, 
cantreda  de  Artlentayth,  commotum  de  OoTih/n,  cantreda  de 
Ailen  &  commotum  de  Irmenich,*'  Would  you  ever  have  thought 
these  to  be  Arvon,  Arllechwedd,  OrevddyUy  Lleyn,  and  Eivionydd  / 
And  yet  these  are  the  names  in  the  British  copy  of  that  statute, 
of  which  I  have  a  copy  I  took  from  a  MS.  in  Hengwrt; 
and  all  are  known  at  this  day.  Since,  then,  the  British  names 
of  places  are  so  coiTupted  in  Latin  books  of  no  longer  standing 
than  Edward  I's  time,  what  sort  of  a  guesswork  must  that  be  of 
an  English  antiquary  who  is  utterly  unacquainted  with  the 
British,  when  he  would  attempt  to  explain  the  British  names  in 
Ptolomy,  Antoninus,  the  Notitia,  or  in  Nennius  ? 

CwM  Nant,  in  Llannon,  Carmarthenshire. 

CwM  Nant  Ffyllon  :  see  Ffyllon, 

CwM  Symlog  :  see  Symlog. 

CwM  Ti;uDDWR,  near  Rhaiadr  Gwy,  Eadnorshire,  on  the  river 
Elain. 

CWNNWS  (St.)  Du. 

CWNODL,  a  gentleman's  seat, — Wynne.     {J.  D) 

CWSTENIN,  or  Constantin,  the  87th  King  of  Britain.  This  is 
Constantino  the  Great,  Emperor  of  Rome. 

Mae  ar  y  gweilch  meiri  gwin 

Oes  donnian  plant  Cystenin. — Quttyn  Owain. 

TJangwstenin,  a  parish  and  chapel,  part  of  Rhos  deanery,  St. 
Asaph,  but  in  Caernarvonshire. 

CwsTENYN  of  Armorica,  the  93rd  King  of  Britain. 

CwsTENYN  of  Cornwall,  the  101st  King  of  Britain. 

Cystenyn  Gomeu  (a/.  Gorveu),  idem  quod  Constantino,  Duke 
of  Cornwall. 

CwYFAN  (Sant)  :  hence  Llangwyfan  in  Mon,  and  another  in 
Denbighshire.  Cwyfan  yw  sant  y  Ddiserth  yn  Nhegeingl,  a'r 
Sul  nesaf  ar  ol  yr  ail  dydd  o  Fehefin  y  cad  went  ei  Gwyl  Mab- 
sant.  (E.  Llwyd,  Itinerary.)  There  is  a  stone  in  the  parish  of 
Whitford  called  Maen  y  Ghv^yfan,  with  curious  knots  of  lines  cut 
upon  it,  probably  belonging  to  this  Cwyfan.  (See  W.  Williams' 
cut  of  this  stone.)  In  our  genealogical  tables  we  find  Cwyfen  ap 
Brwyneu  Hen. 

CwYLLOG  (Sant).    Llangwyllog  Church  in  Anglesey. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  Ill 

CwYBT  (Y),  a  geutleman's  seat  in  Anglesey. 

CwTTA  Cyfarwydd  (Y)  o  Forganwg,  an  ancient  MS.  so  called. 

Cybi  Sant  ap  Selyf  ap  Geraint ;  Lat.  Kebitis  or  Ghebius,  John 
of  Tinmouth  says  he  was  son  of  Solomon,  a  nobleman  of  Corn- 
wall ;  that  he  studied  in  Gaul  under  St.  Hilary,  where  he  was 
made  bishop ;  converted  the  Isle  of  Mona,  and  had  his  episcopal 
see  at  Caer  Guby,  where  in  Leland  s  time  there  remained  a  col- 
lege of  canons,  which  he  supposes  to  have  been  formerly  the 
monastery  of  this  saint.  {Brit  Sanct,  Nov.  8.)  Leland  says  he 
taught  in  Gwynedd  and  Manaw,  and  went  over  to  Mon,  and  fixt 
his  see  at  Holyhead  (Promontorium  Sacrum),  and  there  the 
Prince  of  the  island  gave  him  a  castle,  where  he  erected  a  monas- 
tery, which  of  his  name  is  called  Gastrum  Chebii  (Caer  Gybi). 
(Leland,  Script  Brit,  c.  xlviii.) 

Caer  Gybi  in  Anglesey,  North  "Wales ;  Llangybi  in  Lleyn ; 
Llangybi  in  Cardiganshire ;  Llangybi  in  Monmouthshire. 

Cnau  a  dail  cnwd  a  welynt 
Gwisgi  ar  ffon  Gybi  gynt. 

D.  Lh  i'r  Ffon  gerfiedig. 

Cydewain,  nea  Cedewain  (n.  1.). 

Cydweli  (i  cyd  and  gweli),  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Can- 
tref  Eginoc  in  Caermarthenshire.  (Price's  Descrvpt)  Cydweli 
Castle  built  by  Lord  Bees,  a.d.  1190.     See  Nennius. 

Dwywlad  a  Chedweli  wenn 

Dwyoes  cwyned  Is  Cenneu. — Lewya  Morganwg. 
See  Gedweli, 

.Cyfeddliw,  qu.  whether  a  river  in  the  north  of  England  ? 

Pell  oddyman  Aber  Llyw 

Pellach  an  ddwy  Gyfeddliw. — Llywarch  Hen, 

Cyfeiliog,  in  the  deanery  [diocese]  of  St.  Asaph ;  part  of 
Powys.  (1),  Machynllaeth ;  (2),  Llanwrin ;  (3),  Cemmaes ;  (4), 
Llan  Bryn  Mair;  (5),  Penegoes;  and  (6),  Daiywain.  Chwe 
phlwy  Cyfeiliog  (from  Gyfail,  n.  pr.  v.).  One  of  the  commots  of 
Castell  Cynan.     (Price's  Descript.) 

Cyfeiliog  :  see  Ywain  Gyfeilwg. 

Cyfelach.  Llangyfelach,  Glamorganshire.  Fairs  kept  here. 
See  Gamalac, 

Cyferthwch  (n.  1.).     Rhiw  Gyferthwch  yn  Eryri.    {Tr.  30.) 


112  CELTIC  REMAINS, 

Cyflefyr  ap  Biychan. 

Cyfreithiau  :  see  Dyfnwai  Modmut  and  Hywel  Dda, 
Cyfylchl  Y  Ddywa^ylchi,  or  Ddugyfylchi,  or  Ddwygyfylchi, 
a  pass  over  the  mountains  of  Eryri,  between  Penmaen  Bach  and 
Penmaen  Mawr.  Caer  y  Gyfylchi  may  possibly  be  Conway. 

Caraf  i  Gaer  falchwaith  y  Gyfylchi.— ff.  ap  0.  Gwynedd. 

But  see  Penmaen  Mawr  fort,  called  Braich  y  Ddinas.    A  plan 
of  this  wanted. 

Cyffig  and  Cynffig  (n.  1.)  in  Pembrokeshire. 

Cyffin.     Caer  GyflSn,  Conwy.     {Th.  Williams.) 

Cyffin  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Elphin  gida  Chyffin  chwym. — Llewelyn  op  Outtyn. 

Eglwys  Gyfi&n  near  Conwy.  Cynllaith  y  Cyflln,  or  probably  Cyn- 
llaeth,  primum  lac. 

Cyffog,  an  ancient  British  prophet. 

Gwn  i  Gyffog  ddarogao 

O'r  ffydd  ar  ryw  ddydd  ydd  kn\ 

B.  LI,  ap  LL  ap  Oruffyddj  of  the  Saxons. 

Cygurwen.    Gwaun  Cygurwen,  Glamorganshire. 

Cyhelyn,  the  24th  King  of  Britain.  Twr  Cyhelyn,  in  Llan- 
erchmedd. 

Cyhillin  ap  Marwydd  Goch  ap  Tryflfon. 

Cyhorbt  eil  Cynan,  and  Cynhored  eil  Cynon.    {Tr.  M.  3,  9.) 

Cylch,  in  the  ancient  British  Laws  and  the  Extent  of  Wales, 
is  a  circuit  or  round,  as,  1,  Cylch  Stalwyn  or  Stalon ;  2,  Cylch 
Hebogyddion ;  3,  Cylch  Rhaglon  or  Ehaglot ;  4,  Cylch  Dourgon, 
These  are  services  or  taxes  due  to  the  Prince's  officers :  1,  to 
the  Master  of  the  Horse  for  the  rose  of  a  stonehorse  for  manner 
{sic) ;  2,  attendance  on  the  Prince's  falconer ;  3,  attendance  on 
courts  baron;  4,  attendance  on  the  Prince's  other  hunters. 
Spelman  owns  he  is  ignorant  of  the  root  oiKilch  and  Kykh 
Stalon,  which  he  corruptly  writes  "  Killyth  Stallon."  (Spelman, 
Olossary) 

Cyliau  Duon,  Black  Cowls  or  Hoods,  an  order  of  lay  monks 
under  a  lay  abbot  in  a  monastery  in  Bardsey  Island  in  the 
beginning  of  Christianity.   It  seems  there  were  some  of  the  same 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  113 

order  once  at  lianbadam  Vawr,  near  Aberystwyth.  (See  Giral- 
dua  Cambrensis,  Itin,  of  Wales,  Dr.  Powel's  edition.) 

Our  learned  writers,  who  were  unacquainted  with  the  British 
tongue,  have  beat  their  brains  to  no  purpose  in  deriving  these 
Golidean  monks  from  the  Latin.  See  also  the  blunder  of  an 
Irish  Bishop  (Nicolson)  in  his  preface  to  his  Iriah  Historical 
Library. 

Cylwch  ap  Cylydd  ap  Celyddon  Wledig,  or  Cyllwch  ap  Cil- 
ydd  ap  Celyddon  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Cylyddon  Wledig,  a  northern  Prince  [who]  gave  the  name  to 
Coed  Celyddon  yn  yr  Alban.  (J?.  /.)  Caledonia  was  called  so 
before  the  time  of  this  Cylyddon ;  so  it  is  either  a  mistake  of 
D.  J.,  or  it  was  another  Celyddon  Wledig. 

Cymaron.  River,  and  Cymaron  Castle  in  Maelienydd,  Rad- 
norshire, built  by  Rog^r  Mortimer,  a.d.  1194;  belonged  to  Hugh, 
Earl  of  Chester,  1142. 

Cymek.  Madoc  ap  Hoel  Gymen  o  Fon.  {CyTn^n,  an  advocate 
in  law  courts  in  Uyfr  Coch  Asaph.:— T7.  -0] 

Cyminawc  or  Cyminawt. 

Amgylch  Cyminawc  oymynai  Saeson. 

CyuddelWy  i  Qadwall.  ap  Madoc. 
Some  place  in  Powys. 

Cymmeirch,  one  of  the  two  commots  of  Ystrad,  Denbighshire. 
See  Cdnmcyrch, 

Cymmer,  near  Caereneon.  Llyn  y  Cymmer,  in  the  Severn,  near 
Llanidloes.  Pont  y  Cymmer,  near  Llantrisant,  in  Glamoigan- 
shire.  [Cymmerau,  the  joining  of  rivers;  a  place  where  the 
rivers  Severn  and  Vemiew  join  in  Shropshire. —  W,  D.] 

Cymmer  Abbey,  near  Dolgelleu ;  another  in 

Cymmer  Deuddwr,  mentioned  in  Gorhoflfedd  Hywel  ap  Owain 
Gwynedd.    It  seems  to  be  in  Keri,  for  he  immediately  adds, 

Arglwydd  nef  ... 

Mor  bell  o  Geri  Gaer  Lliwelydd. 

[Deuddmr,  between  Efymwy  and  Hafren,  a  tract  of  land  com- 
prising the  parishes  of  Uandysilio  and  Uandrinio,  ending  at 
Cymmerau,  the  junction  of  those  two  rivers. —  W,  D.] 
Cymmereu  (n.  L).     ffoianau  Myrddin, 

Cymmereu,  near  Tal  y  Bont  in  Cardiganshire. 

15 


114  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Cymm^reu,  in  Caermarthenshire. 

Cymmereu,  in  Radnorshire. 
It  signifies  a  confluence  of  rivers,  as  some  say.     (E.  Llwyd.) 
Cumar,  in  Irish,  is  the  meeting  of  two  or  more  rivers. 

Cymminod,  a  place  in  Anglesey.  Qu.  Cwm  Minod  ?  Men- 
tioned also  in  JToiane  Myrddin,  Cvmtinod  in  Powysland,  or  Cym- 

%nav)c, 

Amgylch  Cyminawc  cymynai  Saeson. — Oynddelw. 

A  chad  Cyminawd  a  chad  Oaer  Lleon. — Hoiane  Myrddin. 

Cymmytmaen,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Lleyn. 
(Price's  Descript) 

Cymorth,  Mynydd  (n.  L). 

Cymraeg,  WaUica  lin^jfua, 

Cymraes,  Walla,  a  Welsh  woman. 

Cymro  (k  cyn  and  hrd),  Wallus,  a  Welshman,  an  inhabitant  of 
Cambria :  pi.  Cymru.    See  Cymry, 

Ai  gwell  Ffranc  na  fiVawddns  Gymro  ? 

Prydydd  y  Moch,  i  Lew.  ap  lorwerth. 

Gael  Cymro  a  garo  gwir, 

Cael  fFynnu  i  Gymm  gar. — L.  G.  Cothi. 

^       Bond  da  a  fu  i  Gymm  Men,  Gwent,  etc. — L,  G.  Cothi. 
Therefore  this  is  wrong  of  the  same  author  : 

Ef  a  dry*r  Cymry  at  wyr  a'u  car. 

L.  G.  Cothi,  i  Syr  W.  Herbert. 

Tri  Uu  aeth  o  [al,  i]  Gymru  gynt 

Trwy  Wynedd  y  trywenynt. — L,  Glyn  Cothi, 

Y  dynion  anndonair 

Felly  drwy  Gymry  a  gair. — D,  Llwyd  ap  LI,  ap  Gniffydd. 

O  digiai  Lloegr  a'i  dngiaid 

Cymry  a  dry  yn  dy  raid. — Z.  G.  Cothi, 

larll  dy  dad  . . . 
larll  gemrydd  ar  oil  Gymry, 
larll  dy  frawd  ar  ei  lied  fry. — Z.  G,  Cothi, 
The  coimtry : 

Eithafwy  waed  Mon  mynnn  pob  bonedd, 

Pwy  pinagl  hoU  Gymru. — T.  Aled,  i  Rys  ap  Thomas. 

Pen  ar  Gymm  Uu  Has  Lloegr  affaith, 
Liu  Gruffydd  ap  Niclas. — Tudur  Aled, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  115 

Cymru  (Y),the  Welsh  people  of  Cambria.  The  country  should 
be  wrote  Cymry,  and  the  people  Cymru,  q.  d.  Cymroau.  [This  is 
wrong.    Cymru,  the  country ;  Oymry,  the  inhabitants. —  W,  D,] 

Cymry,  Wallia  or  Cambria,  the  country  called  Wales,  and 
anciently  Wallia  or  Gallia ;  perhaps  Gallia  Minor,  as  Bretagne 
in  France  is  now  called  Britannia  Llinor. 

Cymryd,  a  place  near  Conway,  where  the  great  battle  of  IHal 
Bhodrivf^A  fought  between  Anarawd  and  the  Danes  and  Saxons, 
A.D.  880.  The  river  in  this  place  is  fordable  at  low  water,  spring 
tides.    Probably  derived  from  Cam  ryd,  a  crooked  ford. 

Cyn,  river ;  hence  Abercyn. 

Cynan,  one  of  the  five  cantrefs  of  Powys  Wenwynwyn ;  also 
one  of  the  two  commots  of  Cantref  Cydewen.   (Price's  Descript) 

Cynan  (Caer),  Norwich.     (Th,  Williams.) 

Cynan  (n.  pr.  v.),  Conanus ;  Angl.  Oonan. 

Cyfoeth  Cynan,  Qwlad  Meiiion  Cynan  {Girald,  Camirensis)  is 
Meirion.  Cyfoeth  Cynan  is  mentioned  in  the  twelve  battles  of 
Lly  welyn  ap  lorwerth. 

Tri  thrywan  Gynan  Gyfoeth 
Pedwar  enwawg  peithiawg  poeth. 
See  Cylch  Llywdyn. 

Cynan  y  C^n. 

Cynan  Garwyn,  Prince  of  Powys,  father  of  Selyf.  (2V.  65.) 

Cynan  Meriadoc.  A  prince  of  this  name  settled  with  a  large 
colony  of  insular  Britains  on  the  coast  of  Gaul  in  the  time  of 
Maximus  the  Tyrant,  which  was  about  the  year  383 ;  [and  from 
these  the  Armoricans,  who  sent  for  wives  from  Britain,  and 
11,000  sailed,  and  fell  among  barbarians. — W,  i?.] 

Cynan  Nant  Niver,  a  noble  warrior,  died  a.d.  865.  (Powel's 
Caradoc,  p.  32.) 

Cynan  Tindaethwy,  a  prince  or  idng  of  Wales,  son  of  Ehodri 
Molwynog.  He  began  to  reign  a.d.  755.  He  had  his  surname 
from  his  place  of  birth,  Dindaethwy,  ie.,  the  fort  of  Daethwy,  in 
Anglesey,  the  name  of  one  of  the  six  commots  of  that  county. 
He  was  father  of  Esyllt,  the  mother  of  Ehodri  Mawr. 

Cynan  Veiniad. 

Cynan  Wledig,  the  102nd  king ;  Latinized  Aurelius  Conanus 
by  Gildas. 


116  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Cynadaf,  fattier  of  Brwyn.     (Trioedd  y  Meirch,  7.) 

CYKAWCorCYNOG(St.),8on  of  BiychanBryoheiiiiog.(ilcAOyncgF.) 

Cyndeykn  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Gtndetrn  ap  Arthawg. 

Oyndetrn  Oabthwts  (Latinized  Keniigemus)^  Archbishop  of 
IrelaDd  about  the  year  642,  was  son  of  Owen  ap  Urien  Beget, 
King  of  Beget  in  North  Britain  in  the  time  of  King  Arthur.  His 
mother  was  Thamet  (or,  as  some  write,  Thenis,  Thenna,  or 
Thenaw),  daughter  of  Lewddyn  Luyddog  o  Ddinas  Eiddyn,  ie., 
Edenborough ;  called  also  Loth,  King  of  the  Picts.  He  is  said 
to  have  a  cognomen  given  him  on  account  of  his  virtues  and 
innocence,  Mt£^y72^,  i.e.,  kind  and  lovely.  {Lives  of  fiSxi7i^«,  Jan.l3.) 
Leland  calls  him  Chentegemus,  and  says  he  was  bom  in  Ireland 
by  his  mother  happening  to  travel  there,  and  studied  there 
imder  Servanus ;  that  he  came  to  Gwynedd  and  Bhos  (Bosses) ; 
that  the  people  were  partly  rude,  partly  infected  with  the  Pela- 
gian heresy;  that  Morchenius  [read  Maelcun],  King  of  Gwyn- 
edd, envied  him,  through  the  advice  of  Cathen ;  that  he  went  to 
Scotland,  and  erected  the  monastery  of  Glasgow.  Gatgallus, 
King  of  Bhos,  gave  him  a  place  near  Elwy  and  Clwyd  to  build 
a  monastery. 

The  Triades  say  that  he  was  Penesgyb  in  Penrhyn  Bhionydd 
yn  y  Gogledd,  t.  «.,  head  of  bishops  at  Edenborough  in  the 
north,  when  Arthur  was  chief  King  there,  and  Gwerthmwl 
Wledic  chief  elder,  i  c,  prince  or  proprietor.  See  Dewi^  Mael- 
gvm,  and  Caradoc.    (Tr,  7.) 

After  the  death  of  Marken,  Morchenius  Lelandi  (March  ap 
Meirchion),  or  Morgan  his  friend,  King  of  Cambria,  his  death 
was  conspired  by  the  royal  family,  and  he  withdrew  to  Wales, 
and  built  a  church  at  Caerllion  ar  Wysc,  and  visited  St.  David ; 
then  founded  a  monastery  at  lianelwy,  and  also  his  episcopal 
see,  and  was  both  Abbot  and  Bishop.  Maelgwn  opposed 
him;  but  he  was  struck  blind,  and  the  saint  cured  him,  and 
they  were  made  frienda  He  left  his  disciple,  Asaph  or  Hasa, 
his  successor.  He  saw  in  a  vision  the  soul  of  St  David  going 
to  heaven.  Ehydderch  Hael  succeeded  the  Prince  that  opposed 
him,  who  sent  for  him  to  his  see  at  Glasgow ;  and  about  the 
year  593  he  went  to  Borne  to  visit  Pope  Gregory  (as  Usher  says 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  117 

from  old  records),  which  was  his  seventh  journey  to  that  city. 
St.  Gregory  was  charmed  with  him,  and  sent  him  home,  where 
he  died  eight  years  afterwards,  in  the  year  601,  being  85  years 
old.  {Brit.  Sand,,  p.  34,  out  of  Capgrave,  Leland,  Usher,  and 
Harpsfield.) 

Jocelin,  in  his  life,  says  he  had  such  a  command  over  the 
clouds  that  neither  rain  nor  snow  ever  fell  on  him  or  those  in 
his  company.    Perhaps  he  had  a  coach. 

Cyndor,  yn  Sir  Amwythig. 

Cyndhwyn,  a  nobleman  of  Powys  (a.d.  603),  father  of  Cyn- 
ddylan.  (Llywareh  Hen.)     See  I>ynwennan  and  Chmon. 

Cykddelig  ap  Ninio  ap  Gunet  ap  Envay. 

Ctnddelw. 

Cynddylan  ap  Cyndrwyn,  a  noble  warrior.  His  elegy  was 
wrote  by  Lljrwarch  Hen, "  Marwnad  Cynddylan  Powys."  He 
was  Prince  of  Powys  in  Maelgwn's  time ;  and  he,  or  his  father 
Cyndrwyn,  entertained  Llywareh  Hen  when  the  Saxons  took  his 
country  from  him.  In  this  Marwnad  there  are  several  of  C}m- 
drwyn's  children  mentioned :  ELvan  Powys,  Gwion,  Cynwraidd, 
MoTyal,Cynon,  Gwyn;  and  daughters,  Ffrevor,  Heledd,  Meddlan. 
[His  mansion  house  was  at  Llys  Dynwennan  in  Powysland, 
wherever  that  place  is. —  W.  Z>.] 

Cyneddaf,  Lat.  Cunotamua.     (Ed.  Uwyd,  Notes  on  Camden.) 

Cyneiddian  ap  Ynyr  Gwent. 

Cyneie  (n.  pr.  v.).    Meurig  ap  Cyneie. 

Cynfael  (n.  pr.  v.),  Lat.  GunovaUus.  {E.  Lhoyd.)  Huw  Llwyd 
Cynfady  a  poet. 

Cynfael,  a  river  in  Meirionydd.  Cynfael  yn  Ardudwy.  Blaen 
Cynfael. 

Cynfael,  a  castle  of  Cadwaladr  ap  Gruflydd  ap  Conan,  in 
Meirion,  taken  by  Howel  ap  Owen  Gwynedd  and  brother  by 
battery,  &c.,  defended  by  the  Abbot  of  Ty  Gwyn.  T^  Cynfael, 
called  also  Cynvel. 

Cynfar  ap  Tudwal  ap  Curmwr,  tdias  Morfawr,  ap  Caden  ap 
Bran  ap  Uyr  Llediaith. 

Cynfarch,  the  19th  King  of  Britain. 

Cynfarch,  the  27th  King  of  Britain. 

Cynfarwy  Sant.  Hechgynfarwy,  Anglesey,  a  chapel  and 
parish. 


118  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Cynfawr  Cad  Cadwg  ap  Cynwyd  Cynwydion,  one  of  the  Tri 
tharw  cad."  {Tr.  12.) 

Cynfedw,  a  slave,  father  of  Cadafael,  a  King  in  North  "Wales. 
{Tt.  76.) 

Cynfel  :  see  Oynfad. 

Cynfelyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  Lat.  Cunobelinm,  a  King  of  Britain,  son 
of  Teneuan,  Also  Cappel  Cynfelyn,  and  Sam  Gynfelyn  in  Car- 
diganshire, take  the  name  hence.  His  sons,  Gwydyr  and  Gweir- 
ydd.  Cynfelyn  Drwsgl  or  Drwscyl,  un  o'r  tri  phost  cad.  (TV.  11.) 

Cynfrig  and  Cynrhig  (n.  pr.  v.).  Cynrhig  Goch  o  Drefriw. 
{Arch.  Brit,  p.  262.)  Pentre  Cynfrig,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (J,  D.) 
Cynfrig  Oer  ap  Meirchion  Gul  ap  Grwst  Ledlwm. 

Cynfyg  Castle  of  the  Fitzhaimons,  Glamorganshire.  (Camden.) 

Cynfyl  Sant.  Llangynfyl,  Ileyn,  or  Cynwyl ;  hence  Cynwyl 
Gaio  and  Cynwyl  Elfed. 

Cynfyn. 

Cyngar  Sant.  His  church  at  Llangefni,  Anglesey.  [Cyngar 
founded  a  monastery  in  Morganwg  about  the  year  474.  This 
Cyngar  was  also  called  Bocuinus.  The  place  is  still  called  Llan- 
dochwy  and  Uangyngar.  There  is  a  curious  old  cross  with  an 
inscription  in  the  churchyard. — /.  if.] 

Cyngar  ap  Arthawg. 

Cyngar  ap  Geraint. 

Uykgen  ap  Ysbwys  ap  Cadrod  Calchfynydd  ap  Cynwyd  Cyn- 
wydion. 

Cynglas,  Lat.  Cuneglass^ts,  which  see. 

Cynhaethwy  ap  Herbert  ap  Godwin  larll  Cerniw  a  Dyfnaint, 
i.  e.,  Cornwall  and  Devon.  See  Daethwy,  which  seems  to  be  of 
the  same  origin. 

Cynhaval  or  Cynhafael  (Sant)  ap  Elgud :  hence  Uangyn- 
liaval,  Denbighshire.  Cynhafal  mab  Argat,  one  of  the  Tri  tharw 
iinhen.    {Tr.  13.) 

Cynhayarn  Sant.     Ynys  Cynhayarn  Chapel,  Eiddionydd. 

Cynhillin  ap  Gwaithfoed.     See  Oenillin. 

Cynin  Sant  ap  Brychau.  Llangynin  yngwlad  Ddyfed.  Cynin 
Cor,  CunynCof    (Tr,  88.) 

Ni  chawu  ym  Duw  a  Cl»yuin 

J)^  bach  o'r  Deuu  heb  win. — 1).  ah  leuan  l)u. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  119 

Cynio  or  Cynyw  Sant.  Llangynio  in  the  deanery  of  Pool  [near 
Llanfair  Caereinion. — W,  2>.] 

Cynlas  Cot  ap  Ywain  Danwyn.  Qu.  Cynog  Las  ?  [Ystrad 
Gynlas.— IT.  D.] 

Cynllaeth,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantre'r  Ehaiadr 
(Price's  Descript) ;  orCynllayth,  part  of  Powys  Vadog,  and  falsely 
CynUeth. 

Cynllaith  [Cynddelw).  It  seems  the  river  Dyfi  was  origin- 
ally called  Uaith.  Carreg  Ystum  Ilaith  (not  Llaeth)  is  a  bend- 
ing of  it,  and  the  commot  of  Cynllaith,  from  whence  Machyn- 
llaith  town  has  its  name.  The  old  legend  of  Tydecho  calls  it 
Zldetk,  and  says  the  saint  turned  it  into  milk. 

A  heny w  ceinllyw  Cynllaith 

0  fonedd  Gwynedd  ai  gwaith. — Rhys  Ooch  Eryri. 

Och  nad  byw  ceinllyw  Cynllaith 
Achaws  fa  liaws  o'i  laith. 

Cynddelw,  i  Ywain  ap  Madawc. 
See  CaTum. 

Cynllech  (fl.) :  hence  Abercynllech. 

Cynllo  or  Cynllaw  Sant.    Llangynllo,  Cardiganshire. 

Cynoq  Sant  ap  Brychan  ap  Cormnr  ap  Eurbre  WyddeL  Cjmog 
signifies  chief  or  principal.  Llangynog  church  and  parish  in  the 
deanery  of  Pool.  Llangynog  church  and  parish,  Cannarthenshire. 
See  Ach  Cynog,  Anllech,  and  Brychan. 

Cynog  Las.  This  Prince  is  mentioned  by  Gildas  in  his  JExcid. 
Brit,  and  the  name  is  pretended  to  be  explained  there,  and 
foolishly  rendered  into  Latin,  LanioFulve,  i.  e.,  a  Yellow  Butcher, 
which  is  a  plain  mark  of  the  want  of  skill  in  the  writer,  or  of 
the  forgery  of  the  story,  or  of  the  later  monks  trimming  it  to 
their  own  purpose ;  for  Cyn^yg  Las  signifies  Cynog  the  Blue,  or 
rather  Cynog  the  Pale,  as  Brut  Darian  Las  is  Brutus  Blue-shield. 

There  is  a  church  in  Montgomeryshire  dedicated  to  Cynog, 
called  Llangynog ;  and  the  grave  of  Cyn^g  Las  is  shewn  at  this 
day  in  the  cathedral  church  of  Bangor. 

Cynon.  Cappel  Cynon.  Cynon  mab  Clydno  Eiddyn.  {Tr,  53, 
86.)  Cynon  ap  Cyndrwyn.  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marvmad  Gyn- 
ddylan.) 

Cynon,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J.  D) 


120  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Cynrhig  (it  pr.  v.),  Lat.  Oingetorix  (?). 

Cynstabl,  a  constable ;  from  ci/n,  a  head  or  chief,  and  ystabl,  a 
stable.    See  Spelman's  Glossary  for  his  derivation  of  this  word. 

Cyntwbch  (n.  pr.  v.),  Latinized  OurUegorix.     {Ed,  Uwyd) 

Cynvob  or  Cynfawr,  t.  e.,  great  head ;  idem  quod  Owrgen  and 
Givrgent.    E.  Llwyd,  by  transposing, — all  a  whim. 

Cynvyn  Hirdref,  who  married  Angharad,  the  widow  of  Ilyw- 
elyn  ap  Seisyllt,  Prince  of  Wales.     {Oaradoc,  p.  73.) 

Cynvtniait  or  Cynfynuxd,  the  people  or  tribe  of  Cynfjm ; 
pL  of  Cynjyn  in  -aid :  hence  the  Latin  termination  of  the  names 
of  people  and  places  in  Gaul  and  Britain  -ates :  Attrebates, 
Abrincat9e,Adunciates,Agesinates,6asabocates,6ercoreates,Cade- 
tes,  Galetes,  Cocosates,  etc.  Some  plurals  end  in  -on,  as  Mer- 
viniawn,  lorwerthion,  Madogion,  Edeymion ;  but  these  are  patro- 
nymics or  clans'  names ;  and  hence  came  those  names  in  Gaul, 
etc., — names  of  places  or  peq)le,  from  men,  as  Ambrones,  Alen- 
conium,  Bizeriones,  Buigundiones,  Galedonii,  Centrones,  Dum- 
nonii,  etc. 

Cynwac  Ehychwain,  o  Fodrychwain. 

Cynwal  ap  Ffrwdwr. 

Ctnwlff  ap  Corvlwng  ap  Beblig. 

Cynwraidd  or  Cynfraidd  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  brother  of  Gynddylan 
ap  Cyndrwyn.     {Llyuoarck  Hen  in  Marwnad  Gynddylan.) 

Cynwyd  Cynwydion,  a  man's  name ;  and  Gynwydion  was  the 
name  of  the  clan  or  land. 

Gtnwyd,  a  place  in  Merionethshire  where  fairs  are  kept. 

Gynych  (n.  pr.  v.).  Llangynych,  Gaermarthenshire.  Fairs 
kept  here. 

Gynyr  (n.  pr.  v.).    Cynyr  Geinfarfawc,  father  of  GaL  {Tr.  26.) 

Gyntr  Farfdrwch. 

Gynyw  (n.  pr.  v.).    Llangynyw. 

Gybanoo  (n.  pr.  v.).  Llangyranog  in  Gardiganshire.  Fairs 
kept  there. 

Gyrchynan,  a  place  in  TegengL     (Caradoc,  p.  261.) 

Gysgen.    Bod  ap  Gysgen.    Vid.  Pasgm,  qu.  an  id.  ? 

Ctttiau'r  GwYDDiLOD,  the  Huts  of  the  Irish,  a  name  given  to 
certain  circular  small  entrenchments  on  Ehos  ligwy  in  Anglesey, 
and  not  in  the  woods  (as  Mr.  E.  Llwyd  in  his  Notes  on  Camden) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  121 

They  are  on  a  plain,  open  common,  where  there  are  no  stones  ; 
and  Bie  only  roimd  ditches  with  a  door  into  them,  as  if  they  had 
been  tents.  They  are  not  called  KittimW  Gwyddelod,  as  he  calls 
them,  bnf  Gyttieu.    A  survey  of  them  wanted. 

Cytheiniog  or  Catheiniog  (Z.  G.  Gothi),  one  of  the  four  com- 
mots  of  Cantref  Mawr  in  Cardiganshire  [Carmarthenshire],  wrote 
by  Sir  John  Price,  in  Description,  Cethineoc.  Qu.,  whether  it 
has  any  afl&nity  with  Cathen,  Llangathen,  and  with  Caithness  in 
Scotland.    It  is  also  one  of  the  commots  of  Caermarthenshire. 

Cywkennin  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Marw  Morgenen  marw,  Cywrennin 
Marw  Morien  mnr  trin. 

Gyfoesi  Myrddin  a  Owenddydd, 
See  Tir  Morien. 

Cywryd  (n.  pr.  v.).  Uywelyn  Fardd  ab  y  Cywryd,  a  poet, 
flor,  A.D.  1280  {K  Llmyd) ;  but  rather  sooner. 

Ctwkyd  ap  Crydon,  father  of  Gwen,  iin  o'r  tair  gwenriain. 
(Tr.  73.) 

CH. 

Chenin,  a  valley  in  Anglesey  (in  the  Cambridge  copy  of 
Nennins),  where  there  was  a  wandering  stone  which  always 
returned  home  by  promise.  Oiheinn,  the  same  valley  in  the  Cot- 
tonian  copy  of  Nennius.  Chehennituf,  the  same  valley  in  the 
Oxford  copy  of  Nennius.  Chieninn,  the  same  valley  in  Sir  Sim. 
D'Ewes*  copy  of  Nennius. 

There  is  a  deep  valley  and  a  river  called  Cefni  (anciently 
Cevenni)  in  Anglesey,  which  is  the  place  meant  in  Nennius, 
where  this  travelling  stone  was  said  to  be.  Some  trick  of  the 
monks,  no  doubt.  There  is  a  church  near  that  river  called  Llan- 
gefni 

Chepstow,  the  Saxon  name  of  Casgwent  by  Castell  Gwent. 
[Casgwent  is  the  same  as  Castell  Gwent. — I,  M.] 

Chirk,  a  parish  and  church  and  castle,  part  of  Powys  Vadog, 
Denbighshire ;  in  Welsh  Y  Waun,  but  called  anciently  Castell 
Crogen. 

Chwaen  (n.  1.).     Several  places  in  Anglesey  of  this  name. 

16 


122  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Chwaeny  a  gentleman's  s.eat  in  Denbighshire  (?).    Hughes  of 
Chwaen. 

Ohwaen  Bach,     "^ 
Y  CfJiAvaen  Ddti, 


T  CfiAvaen  Ddtiy  I  ^ 

T  ChAvaen  Goch,  f  ^^ 


T  Chwaen  Hen,- 
T  Ohwaen  Wen  is  called  Chawen  erroneously. 
CHWIBLEIA2I,  a  Sibyl,  quoted  by  Myrddin  Wyllt ;  q.  d.  Sibleian, 
wrote  also  Ohmmbleian. 

Chwiler  (fl.) :  hence  Aberchwiler. 

Chwitffordd,  enw  plwyf. 

Chwitmor.    Dafydd  Chwitmor  ap  Davydd  person  Cilken. 

CnwiTH,  left-handed.  Davydd  Chwith  ap  Gruflfydd  ap  Caradog. 

D. 

Da,  good.    CiUin  ap  Maelog  Dda. 
Dadu  (fl.).   Cwmdadu. 

Tabwrd  dadwrdd  Cwmdadu. — T.  Prys, 

Daethwt,  a  man's  name :  hence  Dindaethwy,  some  fort  from 
whence  the  commot  of  Dindaethwy  in  Anglesey  took  its  name : 
hence  also  Perth  Ddaethwy,  the  ferry  over  the  Menai  to  Bangor. 
See  Cynhaethwy  and  GyTuin  Tindaethwy, 

Dafydd  or  Davydd,  a  man's  name,  common  among  the  ancient 
Britains.  This  has  a  very  natural  derivation  from  the  British 
tongue,  from  da,  good,  and  bydd,  will  be ;  i.  e,,  he  wiU  be  good ; 
but  as  it  is  a  name  that  seems  to  have  been  used  but  since 
Christianity  came  here,  it  may  be  the  same  with  David,  a  Hebrew 
name  signifying  beloved,  though  by  the  Britains  pronounced  as 
if  wrote  in  English  Davith,  with  a  soft  ^,  as  in  the  English  word 
with, 

Dafydd  Ddu  o  Hiraddug,  a  poet  who  wrote  about  the  year 
1340.  He  wrote  a  British  grammar,  which  is  extant.  Henry 
Salesbury  says  he  was  a  noted  mathematician,  and  Eobert 
Vaughan  caUs  him  Doctor  of  Divinity,  and  he  had  the  honour  of 
being  called  a  conjuror  and  a  magician  by  the  ignorant  of  his 
age,  who  have  handed  down  to  us  such  surprising  stories  about 
him.  This  hath  been  the  fate  of  another  great  man,  his  name- 
sake. Dr.  John  Dee,  in  Queen  Elizabeth's  time. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  123 

Dai  ap  Uywri  ap  Cynan  Cilkelff.    Dai  Melyn. 

Dalabgan  (n.  pr.  v.).  A  king  of  the  Picts  of  this  name  killed 
in  Gwaith  Megadoc^  a  battle  with  the  Britains,  ad.  750.  {Car* 
adoc.) 

Dale,  part  of  Powys  Vadog.     {PoweL) 

Dalltaf  (n.  pr.  v.).   Dalltaf  eil  Cunyn  Cof.    (Tr.  88.) 

Dan,  the  28th  King  of  Britain. 

Dan  y  Castell,  a  house  near  Aberystwyth,  where  there  are 
the  remains  of  a  castle,  which  I  take  to  b^  that  of  Bichard  de  la 
Mare,  mentioned  in  Powers  Owradoc,  p.  189. 

Danes,  the  English  name  of  the  people  of  Denmark.  It  is 
remarkable  that  the  British  writers  never  caU  those  people  by 
this  name,  but  always  either  Llychiynwyr  or  Nortmyn.  We 
have  no  such  word  as  Daniaid,  and  it  seems  Nortmyn  was  a 
general  name  among  the  Britons  for  all  the  northern  nations ; 
and  the  names  of  Danes  and  Normans  were  promiscuously  used, 
as  appears  by  Eegino,  Dudo,  W.  Malmsbury,  Abbo,  and  Gemi- 
tensis.  (Selden,  Mare  Clavsum,  p.  249.)  Tyssilio  calls  their 
country  Denmarc, 

Daniel  (Sant),  the  first  Bishop  of  Bangor  in  North  Wales,  the 
cathedral  of  which  is  dedicated  to  his  name ;  and  he  instituted 
a  college  or  monastery,  says  Bale,  at  Bangor  in  the  year  516, 
where  King  Maelgwn  afterwards  built  the  city ;  and  the  place, 
from  its  lofty  choir,  was  caUed  Ban-cor  or  Bangor.  Here  Daniel 
was  ordained  Bishop  by  Dubricius.  Daniel  was  at  the  Synod  of 
Brevi,  and  deputed  by  them  to  bring  St.  David  thither.  He 
died  A.D.  545,  and  was  buried  in  the  isle  of  Bardsey.  (See 
Usher's  ArUiq,,  p.  274;  Brit.  Sanct,  Nov.  23.) 

Myrddin,  the  Pictish  poet,  mentions  him  in  his  Eoiane,  in 

these  words : 

Pan  Borro  Deinioel  vab  Dnnod  Deinwyn, 

which  shows  he  was  the  son  of  Dunod,  probably  the  great  Dunod 
Fyr  ap  Pabo  Post  Prydain.  Deinioel  had  a  son  called  Deiniel, 
who  founded  the  church  of  Llanddeiniel  Fab  in  Anglesey.  Le- 
land  says  he  erected  a  college  in  Arvon,  in  Gwynedd,  near  the 
passage  to  M6n,  called  Portus  (Porthaethwy),  which  place  is 
called,  for  its  excellency,  Banchor  Vawr  (Bangor  Fawr  yngwyn- 
edd). 


124  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

DANMONn.  So  the  Bomans  called  the  Britons  inhabiting  Corn- 
wall and  Devon.  The  name  was  coined  from  the  British  name 
of  Devon,  which  is  ByS^  Naint,  i,  e.,  deep  vaUeys. 

Daon,  a  river.  Aberdaon  (Dr.  Powel)  for  Aberthaw,  Glamor- 
ganshire. It  runs  through  Ystradowe,  or  some  such  name :  qu., 
and  by  Landogh  or  liandogh  ? 

[Lewis  yn  y  coed ! — all  merely  conjectural.  Dawon  runs  through 
Cowbridge,  Ilandochwy,  Uanfleiddan,  Ilanfair,  Trefflemin,  Uan- 
garfan,  Uandathan,  etc.,  and  falls  into  the  Bristol  Channel  at 
Aberddawon. — /.  M."] 

DIr,  a  river,  Glamorganshire.    Aberdftr  parish. 

Darog.    llanddarog  in  Caermarthenshire.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Daron  (fl.) :  hence  Aberdaron,  a  village  and  church  in  Ueyn 
{k  ddr  and  onn,  oak  and  ash). 

Daronwy  (n.  pr.  v„  TV.  81 :  qu.  Dar  Eonwy  or  Daron  Wy  ?), 
one  of  the  three  chief  molesters  of  Anglesey  that  was  bom  in  it 
Un  0  dair  prif  gormes  Mon,  etc. 

Darowain,  a  chm'ch  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  Cyfeiliog, 
dedickted  to  St.  Tudur.  (Br,  Willis,)  But  I  never  heard  of  a 
saint  of  that  name ;  and  this  seems  to  be  but  the  blundering  guess 
of  those  who  would  have  it  a  contraction  of  Tudur  Owain ;  but 
there  never  was  such  a  name  among  the  Britains.  It  would  have 
been  Tudur  ab  Owain.  Darowain  is  Owain's  Oak,  as  Cil  Owain 
is  Owain's  Retreat ;  Tir  Owain  in  Ireland,  Owen's  Land,  etc. 

Dathel.    Caer  Dathel,  qu.  ? 

David,  treasurer  of  Uandaf,  a  very  ingenious,  learned  man,  a 
great  antiquary,  a  great  natural  philosopher,  and  a  great  poet. 
He  wrote  several  things  in  prose  and  verse,  and  was  cotempo- 
rary  with  Jo.  Boss  the  historian,  who  mentions  him.  (Leland, 
Script.  Brit,,  c.  573.) 

David's  (St.),  a  bishop's  see  in  Pembrokeshire,  South  Wales, 
founded  by  Dewi,  or  St.  David,  about  the  year  523,  and  was  the 
metropolitan  church  of  all  Wales  from  that  time  to  the  year 
1103,  when,  after  a  long  trial  at  Eome,  it  became  subject  to 
Canterbury. 

Davydd  ap  Gwilym,  the  Ovid  of  the  Welsh  nation,  a  most 
sweet  poet,  and  a  great  master  of  the  British  tongue.  He  is  said 
to  have  been  bom  at  Bro  Gjmin,  according  to  TaUesin's  predic- 
tion, about  800  years  before  : 


CELTIC  RBMAIKS.  125 

[Am  Dafydd  gelfydd  goelfin  praff  awdur 
Propbwydawdd  Taliesin] 
T  genid  ym  Mro  Gynin 
Brydydd  a'i  gywydd  fal  gwin. 

But  wherever  he  was  bom,  he  says  himself  his  country  was  Tir 
Pryderi  in  Bro  Gadell.  His  uncle  and  tutor  was  Llywelyn  ap 
Gwilym  ap  Gwrwared,  one  of  the  lords  of  Cardigan,  whose  seats 
were  at  Cryngae  and  Dd81  Goch. 

This  poet  wrote  a  vast  deal  I  have  of  his  works  near  300 
poems.  He  is  oftener  quoted  by  Dr.  Davies  in  his  Dictionary 
and  Grammar  than  any  other  poet.  He  flourished  about  a.d.  1400. 

Dau,  Aberdau,  mentioned  in  "  Gorhoffedd  Gwalchmai/'  sig- 
nifying the  fall  of  two  waters  into ;  and  thence  came  the 

name  of  Deuddwr,  and  a  surname  of  a  family,  Grufifudd  Deuddwr, 
etc.,  and  a  lordship  and  cwmmwd  Deuddwr  in  Cantref  Ystlyc 
in  Powys  Wenwynwyn.  According  to  Gwalchmai,  the  two 
waters  that  gave  it  the  name  are  Ogwann  and  Cegin;  and  a  third 
falls  into  them,  called  Clywedog.  Hywel  ap  Owain  Gwynedd 
calls  it  Cymmer  Deuddwr,     (Gorhoffedd  Hywel  ap  Owain.) 

[See  Gwalchmai*s  poem,  "Gorhoffedd",  whether  his  Aberrfat^ 
has  any  reference  to  Ogwen  and  Cegin.  However,  Aberdau 
should  not  be  confounded  with  Deuddwr,  which  has  its  cymmerau 
at  the  junction  of  the  Vymwy  and  Havren,  below  Llan  Drinio. 
—  W.  D.] 

Daubebtheg  (fl.).    Aberdaub  Ertheg. 

Daugleddeu,  one  of  the  eight  cantrefs  of  Dyfed.  (Price's  De- 
scription.) 

Daugleddyf  (fl.).  Aierdaugleddyf,  Milford  Haven,  Portus 
Alaunicus.    (/.  Morgamvg) 

Daun,  corruptly  for  Dawn,  which  see. 

DauIii,  Dauvri,  see  Dawn, 

Dawn,  a  river  in  the  West  Eiding  of  Yorkshire,  which  falls 
into  the  Humber ;  in  English,  the  Don.  Caer  Dawn  in  the  Tri- 
odes,  Caer  Daun  in  Nennius  and  Usher,  is,  no  doubt,  Doncaster 
in  Yorkshire. 

Ddeheuros  (Y),  a  place  in  Cardiganshire.    (JD.  ah  leuan  Du.) 

Ddreinigg  (Y),  in  Anglesey  (iL  drain,  thorns).  [Dreiniog, 
nomen  loci  in  Glamorganshire.—/.  M,] 


1 26  GELTIO  REMAINS. 

Ddrydwy  (Y),  the  name  of  a  river  in  Anglesey.  Melin  y 
Ddrydwy. 

DDWYGYFYLcm  (Y),  OF  Ddiigyfylclii,  or  Ddy  WgyfylcM :  see 
CyfylchL' 

Ddtsgwtlfa  Fawr  (T)  and  Ddysgwylfa  Fach,  two  mountains 
in  Cardiganshire,  which  by  their  names  seem  to  have  been  the 
watch-mountains  or  beacons  in  ancient  times.  See  Wylfa,  [Sqml- 
V€T  Hills  near  Bishop's  Castle. —  W,  J9.] 

De,  a  foreigner :  hence  deol,  to  exile. 

Decca  :  vide  Tecca. 

Dee.  Camden  (in  Merionethshire),  describing  this  river,  says 
it  runs  unmixed  through  Ilyn  Tegid.  It  is  the  English  name 
for  the  river  Dyfrdwy.  (See  also  Peryddon  and  Aerfen,)  He 
says  some  derive  it  from  dwy,  because  it  has  two  fountains.  So 
have  aU  rivers  two  or  more  fountains.  Others  contend,  says  he, 
that  it  took  its  name  from  Duw,  God,  as  if  a  sacred,  river ;  others, 
from  du,  black.  There  is  another  river  Dee,  which  runs  by  Aber- 
deen in  Scotland. 

Deheubarth,  South  Wales,  including  at  present  Cardiganshire, 
Eadnorshire,  Brecknockshire,  Glamorganshire,  Caermarthenshire, 
and  Pembrokeshire,  and  also  Monmouthshire,  though  called  an 
English  county.  Dafydd  Benfras  calls  Dafydd  ap  Gwilym  JEos 
Ihjfed,  and  Hebog  Dehevharth. 

Dehewynt  ap  Ithel  ap  Dolflfyn  ap  Uywelyn  0. 

Deicws  ap  Gronw  ap  Grufifydd  Grach  o'r  Blaen.  Nicolas  ap 
Deicws  0  Ystrad  Alun. 

Deifie,  Durham  country  {JE,  Llwyd),  Deira.  Deifr^  Durham 
men  (JV.  16).  It  seems  it  extended  to  the  river  Tweed,  for  Caer 
Deifr  is  Barwick.     See  Brynaich  and  Brynych,  and  Gall, 

Deifyr,  a  hermit  at  Bodffari,  who  directed  Gwenfrewi  to  Sad- 
wrn,  a  hermit  at  Henllan.     (Zife  of  Winifred.) 

Deili,  verch  Syr  Gru%dd  Llwyd,  marchog. 

Deiniel  (Sant),  Llanddeiniel  Fab,  a  chapel  in  Anglesey.  This 
Deiniel  or  Daniel,  they  say,  was  son  of  Deinioel  Sant,  first  erector 
of  the  see  of  Bangor,  and  first  Bishop.     See  Daniel. 

Deinioel  Sant,  Daniel  Sant. 

Doniog  im'  fod  myn  Deinioel 

Yn  fardd  hil  Llywelyn  FoeL>— Deto  ap  leiuin  J)u. 
See  Daniel. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  127 

Deniolen  Santes.    IlanddeinioleiL 
Dedos  Lyth  ap  Cadwr. 
Deio,  dim.  of  Dafydd. 

Tri  henw  sy  ar  y  dyn 
Deio,  Dafydd,  Deicyn. 

Deio  ap  Dafydd  ap  Madog  Ddu. 

Deio  ap  lorwerth  o  Ddinmeircliion. 

Deneio,  a  church  near  Pwllheli  in  Ueyn  (qu.  &  din  ?). 

Denmakk,  mentioned  in  Tyssilio.  The  word  is  compounded^ 
says  Camden,  of  a  Danish  word  and  the  German  march,  which 
signifies  a  bound  or  limit.     (Camden  in  Names  of  Brit.) 

Deon  (qu.),  foreigners,  strangers. 

Dyniadon  Deon  dylyam  ei  ddwyn 
Dolar  cwyn  ai  cyffry. 

Eimon  TTan,  i  Llyw.  ap  lorwerth. 

Nid  ar  a'n  perchis  a'n  peirch  y  weithoh 

O'r  Deon  dihefeirch 

Yn  y  cyrcham  carcharfeiroh. 

Oyndddw^  i  Birid  Flaidd. 
See  Dvrywg, 

Deorath  Wledig,  father  of  Ehufawn  Befr. 

Derfedd,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Ffiniog,  Caer- 
marthenshire.     {Ptiqq^^  Description.)    Whether  Per/Wd? 

Deri,  a  place  in  Anglesey.  Tre  Dderi  (&  da/r,  oak  So  doth 
also  Derry  in  Ireland,  which  Bede  interprets  Baboretum), 

Derllts,  one  of  the  present  hundreds  of  Caermarthenshire ; 
now  wrote  also  Derllysg,  [A  place  of  the  same  name  in  Mon- 
mouthshire.— L  -3f.] 

Dervel  (n.  pr.  v.).  Ilanddervel,  a  parish  and  church  in  Edeyr- 
nion  deanery,  diocese  of  St.  Asaph,  Powys,  Merionethshire. 

Dervel  Gadarn  (n.  pr.  v.).  There  was  a  huge  image  of  his 
in  Ilandderfel,  carried  to  London  to  be  burnt 

Fal  Derfel  ynghamlan. — Tudur  Aled. 

See  Fox's  Martyrs,  and  also  Lord  Herbert's  Life  of  Henry  VIII. 
Derwas,  q.  d.  Gwas  dewr  (?).    Gruffydd  Derwas  ap  Howel 
Selyf  ap  Meurig  Ilwyd.  Owen  Derwas,  Dafydd  Derwas,  etc.  It 
is  but  modem,  and  now  used  as  a  Christian  name. 


128  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Derwen,  a  parish  and  church,  Denbighshire. 

[F/ynnon  Dderwen,  a  well  greatly  resorted  to. — W,  D,'] 

Deewennydd,  rivers  in  England,  now  called  Derwent.  One 
is  between  the  East  and  North  Biding  of  Yorkshire,  and  falls 
into  the  Ouse.  Antoninus  names  a  city  Derventio,  on  this  river, 
seven  miles  from  York.  The  first  of  Gwrthefyr's  battles  with 
the  Saxons  was  fought  on  a  river  of  this  name.  It  is  called  in 
Nennius,  published  by  Dr.  Gale,  Derevent  and  D&rgwent ;  in  my 
vellum  MS.  of  Galfrid's  translation  of  Tyssilio,  Derwende ;  in  the 
French  editions  of  Galfrid,  1508  and  1517,  it  is  "super  fluvium 
Deriment":  all  which  are  corruptions  of  the  ancient  British  name, 
according  to  the  old  orthography,  Dervenyt,  and  in  the  modem 
orthography,  Derwenrvydd,  probably  from  derwen,  an  oak. 

The  Derwent  or  Darent,  in  Surrey,  which  falls  into  the  Thames, 
is  the  river  where  Gwrthefyr  fought  the  Saxons  probably.  An- 
other Derwent  river  rises  in  the  Peak,  and  runs  through  the 
heart  of  Derbyshire,  and  falls  into  the  Trent 

A  place  called  Dervoen  in  Wales ;  qu.,  whether  a  river  of  that 
name  besides  Baron  in  Lleyn.  [  Vide  my  account  of  Darwent 
from  Burlington, —  W,  D.] 

Dekwtdd,  a  Druid  (anciently  Dervid),  Derwyddon  and  Drudion 
(Oynddelw),  Druids,  Druidce.  These  were  princes  and  priests  of 
Gaul  and  Britain,  and  so  had  their  subjects'  bodies  and  souls  in 
their  power ;  and  the  king  was  the  high  priest.  It  seems  to  be 
owing  to  this  Druidical  government  th&t  the  British  monarchy 
lasted  so  long,  viz.,  from  the  first  plantation  of  the  island  to  the 
time  of  Christ's  birth,  or  thereabouts  ;  it  being  not  only  heredi- 
tary, but  absolute  and  arbitrary. 

The  help  of  the  Church  and  religion  hath  been  always  found 
necessary  to  govern  mankind  in  all  nations :  oracles,  auguries, 
prophets,  seers,  etc.,  were  the  great  hinges  of  the  state ;  but  here 
and  in  Gaul  the  crown  and  the  Church  were  united  in  one  per- 
son. This  is  the  reason  that  religion  is  scarcely  mentioned  in 
our  ancient  British  history,  it  being  an  article  that  no  writer 
durst  meddle  with. 

The  religion  of  the  Druids  prevailed  in  some  parts  of  Ireland 
till  the  year  433,  when  St.  Patrick  converted  the  Irish.  [Ogygia, 
p.  203.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  129 

Bar  is  an  old  oak  tree ;  derwen,  a  young  oak ;  derwyddon, 
oak-men.  The  singular  must  be  denoydd,  hence  Tre  Dder- 
wydd  in  Anglesey;  Llan  y  Dderwyddon,  a  village  near  St. 
David's ;  and  the  Indian  Dervis,  a  priest,  may  be  of  the  same 
origin.  Cerrig  y  Drudion,  a  church  and  parish  in  the  rural 
deanery  of  Ehos,  Denbighshire. 

Dysgogan  Derwyddon  dewrwlad. 

Gynddelw,  i  Yw.  Cyfeiliog. 
Drudion  a  veirddion  a  fawl 
Neb  dragon  namyn  draig  ai  dirper. 

CynddelWy  i  Yw.  Cyfeiliog. 

Derwyddveirdd,  i.  e.,  Druidical  Bards.  These  were  the  poets 
of  the  Britains  and  Gauls  in  the  time  of  paganism  here.  They 
kept  an  account  of  the  descent  of  families,  and  made  songs  on 
the  actions  of  great  men,  and  consequently  were  the  national 
historians.  These  songs  they  sang  to  the  harp,  and  from  them 
our  ancient  history  hath  been  collected  ;  and  not  only  ours,  but 
[that  of]  aU  nations  (except,  perhaps,  the  Jews)  was  collected 
from' the  same  kind  of  materials.     See  Derwydd, 

Dekwtn,  and  Bryn  Derwyn,  where  a  fierce  battle  was  fought 
by  Llewelyn  ap  Gruffudd  and  Ms  brothers  Owen  and  Davydd 
for  the  Principality  of  Wales,  a.d.  1254,  when  Llewelyn  got  the 
day.  It  is  called  in  the  JSrce  Canibro-Britannicce,  y  Frwydr  yn 
Nerwyn ;  and  in  Zlyfr  Coch  o  Hergest,  Bryn  Derwyn.  Caradoc 
{Hist,  of  Wales)  doth  not  name  the  place. 

Devanog.  Cappel  Devanog  in  Ramsey  Isle,  near  St.  David's, 
in  Pembrokeshire. 

Stinan  a  Devanog  dan  anwyl  gymydog. 

(E.  Llwyd,  Notes  on  Ga/mden  in  Pemhr.) 

Qu.,  whether  it  is  not  Tyvanog  ? 

Deusant.  Llanddeusant,  a  parish  and  church  in  Anglesey ; 
a  chapel  dedicated  to  two  saints.  Llanddeusant  in  Caermarthen- 
shire. 

Deudbaeth,  y  Traeth  Mawr  a'r  Traeth  Bychan,  Ardud\vy. 

Gwrdd  y  gwnaeth  uch  Deadraeth  Dryfan. 

Prydydd  y  Mock,  i  Lew.  ap  lorwerth. 

Deulyn.  Afon  Deulyn,  the  name  of  the  river  composed  of 
the  waters  of  Llyn  Crafnant  and  Uyn  Geirionydd. 


130  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Deuddwr  or  DUDDWR,  Divodumm  {E.  Lhvyd),  a  commot  in 
Cantref  Ystlyc  in  Powys  Wenwynwyn.  Qu.,  two  waters  ?  Hence 
Gniffudd  Deuddwr  ap  Owain. 

•  

Dewen  Hen,  father  of  Mabon :  in  the  Index,  Bowengan.  (Tr,  55.) 

Dewi  Sant  {i  e,,  St.  David),  the  patron  saint  of  Wales,  as 
St.  George  for  England,  St.  Patrick  for  Ireland,  and  St.  Andrew 
for  Scotland.  He  was  son  of  Xanthus  (Oambro-Brit.  Sanct),  who 
had  taken  refuge  in  Armorica,  and  had  married  an  Annorican 
Briton,  and  a  relation  of  King  Arthur,  who  was  son  of  Ceredic 
ap  Cunedda  Wledig,  Prince  of  Ceretica  (Ceredigion),  now  called 
Cardiganshire,  in  South .  Wales.  Dewi's  mother's  name  was 
Nonn ;  and  there  are  churches  dedicated  to  her  name :  Uan- 
nonn,  and  a  river  near  St.  David's  called  Non,  and  a  place  called 
Abernon.  She  was  called  in  Latin  (the  favourite  language  of 
those  days)  Nanna  or  Nonnita ;  others  call  her  Melaria,  by  mis- 
take, I  suppose,  for  Eleri,  daughter  of  Brychan,  the  mother  of 
Xanthus.     {Brit.  Sand,) 

He  was  bom  in  South  Wales  in  the  5th  century,  and  was 
brought  up  at  JTen  Menew,  or  Old  Menevia,  in  Pembrokeshire. 
[Cardiganshire,  near  Aberaeron. —  W,  I).]  {Brit.  Sanct.)  See  Dr. 
Davies'  mistake  in  his  Dictionary,  Mynyw  Hen.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  famous  school  at  the  Isle  of  Wight,  imder  Paulinus, 
a  disciple  of  St.  Germanus ;  and  there  performed  miracles  by 
giving  Paulinus  his  sight,  with  the  sign  of  the  cross,  which  he 
had  lost  with  much  weeping  and  old  age.  {BHt  Sanct.)  An  angel 
admonished  Paulinus  to  send  Dewi  among  the  Britains,  where 
he  founded  twelve  religious  houses  or  monasteries,  among  which 
were  Glastonbury,  Bath,  Leominster,  Rhaglan  in  Gwent,  Llan- 
gyvelach  in  Gower,  and  the  chief  in  the  Vale  of  Boss,  near  Mene- 
via, or  Vallis  JRosina  (the  Rosy  Vale) ;  in  the  Acts  of  the  Irish 
Saints  called  Rosnat  or  Bosnant.  {Brit.  Sanct,  Mar.  1.)  Theo- 
marchus  and  John  of  Tinmouth  mention  his  Bules. 

He  was  sent  for  by  Dubricius  (Dyfrig),  Archbishop  of  Caer- 
Ueon  ar  Wysg,  to  the  synod  held  at  Llanddewi  Brevi  to  suppress 
the  Pelagian  heresy  that  had  revived  after  Gurmon  and  Lupus 
had  suppressed  it  about  anno  430 ;  and  in  his  way  there  he 
raised  a  person  from  the  dead ;  and  whilst  he  preached  in  the 
fields,  the  earth,  by  a  miracle,  raised  under  his  feet,  and  became 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  131 

a  hill,  on  the  top  of  which  the  church  was  afterwards  built. 
(Brit  Sanct.)  At  the  conclusion  of  the  sjmod  Dubricius  desired  to 
resign  and  retire  to  the  monastery  of  EnUi,  and  that  David  might 
succeed  him ;  which  David  approved  of  on  condition  that  he 
might  remove  the  metropolitan  see  to  Menevia,  the  noise  and 
hurry  of  CaerUeon,  a  populous  city,  being  disagreeable  to  him. 
Dubricius,  with  most  of  the  clergy  that  [were]  convened  on  that 
occasion,  went  to  the  Isle  of  Bardsey,  and  entered  themselves  in 
the  monastery  there  for  the  rest  of  their  lives.  (Llwyd,  Notes  on 
Camden,  out  of  Mr.  E.  Vaughan's  MSS.)  But  what  could  induce 
the  other  clergy  to  do  this,  though  Dubricius  might  take  a  pen- 
sion for  his  archbishoprick,  unless  they  [were]  opposed  in  that 
synod,  or  that  the  Armorican  party  were  the  most  powerful  ? 
Uthur  Bendragon  having  brought  over  many  relations  who  must 
be  provided  for,  and  Dewi  among  the  rest.  [L.  Morris  is  at  a 
loss  here. —  W,  D.] 

It  was  in  anno  522  that  Dewi  was  made  Archbishop  of  Caer- 
Ueon ar  Wysg,  in  King  Arthur's  time,  when  he  kept  his  court 
there.  (TV.  7.)  But  take  notice  that  the  Triades  call  him 
Pensacui,  i.  e.,  head  of  bishops,  and  not  archbishop  {archesgdb), 
Dewi  held  another  synod  afterwards,  to  confirm  the  former,  and 
called  it  the  Synod  of  Victory.     {Oir.  Cambrensis.) 

Leland  calls  his  parents  Xanthis  and  Noninta,  He  says  he 
went  to  the  Isle  of  Wight,  and  studied  there  under  Paulinus ; 
thence  to  Ceredigion  ;  thence  to  Pebidiauc,  which  is  in  the  Vale 
of  Eos,  where  Patrick  once  lived  a  solitary  life.  There  a  little 
well,  called  PistyU  Ddewi,  afforded  him  his  drink ;  and  for  his 
abstinence  and  hard  living  he  was  called  Dervi  Ddyfnvr,  i.  c, 
David  Aquaticus,  His  fame  spread  abroad  all  over  Wales,  and 
Teilo  (called  also  Eliud),  and  Madoc  of  Towyn  Meirionydd  (called 
also  Aidan),  and  Ismael  of  Ehos,  came  to  visit  him.  There  he 
was  troubled  by  one  Boias,  a  prince,  who  had  two  castles  in  Ehos. 

Dyfrig  and  Deinioel,  bishops,  and  others,  having  met  at  Llan- 
ddewi  Brevi  (i.  e,, "  Locus  Davidis  mugientis'*,  Leland,  from  hrcnm, 
to  talk  loud, — a  very  poor  derivation),  David,  with  much  ado,  was 
persuaded  to  join  them  out  of  his  great  modesty;  and  in  Leland's 
memory  there  were  canons,  vulgarly  called  prebendaries,  at  Llan- 
ddewi. 


132  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

In  the  Triades  (43)  he  is  called  one  of  the  three  happy  guests 
of  the  Isle  of  Britain,  because  he  was  a  foreigner.  St.  Padam 
and  St.  Teilaw  were  the  other  two  happy  guests.  He  died  at 
Menevia,  147  years  of  age,  and  was  succeeded  by  Chinotus, 
Bishop  of  Llanbadarn  Vawr.  (Leland,  Script.  Brit,  c.  34.)  St. 
Kentigern,  in  a  vision,  saw  his  soul  going  to  heaven,  conducted 
by  angels,  and  there  crowned  by  our  Lord.   (Brit.  Sanct,  Mar.l.) 

Dewma  (n.  1.).     Lewis  Glyn  Cothi. 

Dial  Eodri,  a  battle  fought  by  the  Britains  on  the  river  Con- 
way, A.D.  880,  against  the  Danes  and  English,  where  the  Welsh 
had  the  victory,  in  revenge  of  Ilodri*s  death.  (Gwaith  Cymryd 
Conwy.) 

DiAMS  verch  Eoger  Vychan  o  Frodorddyn. 

Diana  (n.  f.),  the  name  of  a  Celtic  princess,  afterwards  deified. 
In  the  British  the  word  signifies  without  blemish  (di-anav), 

DiER  ap  Arwystl  Gloff. 

DiFWG  (n.  pr.  v.).  Difwg,  mab  Alban,  was  a  commodore  of  a 
fleet  of  pirates.     (^V.  72.) 

DiFFEDEL,  mab  Dysgyfedawc,  one  of  the  three  chief  heads  of 
Deira  and  Bernicia  about  the  time  of  the  Saxon  conquest.  He 
killed  Gwrgi  Garwlwyd    {Tr,  16.)     See  Gall. 

DiGAiN  ap  Cwstenyn  Gorneu  {at,  Gernjrw). 

DiGANWY  or  Dyganwy  {Dictum.  Notitia),  Gannoc  {M.  Paris), 
a  town  on  the  east  side  of  the  river  Conwy,  burnt  with  light- 
ning. Here  Maelgwn  Gwynedd  kept  his  royal  palace.  There 
are  still  tlie  ruins  of  an  old  fort  called  Castell  y  Faerdref.  Thus 
far  Henry  III,  King  of  England,  came  against  Llewelyn  ap 
Gruffydd  with  the  power  of  all  England ;  but  could  proceed  no 
further,  retiring  with  great  loss.     See  Tegamvy. 

DiGOLL.  Mynydd  Digoll,  the  Long  Mountain  in  Shropshire, 
mentioned  by  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marmriad  Cadwallaimi, 

Gwaith  Digoll,  a  battle  fought  there  between  CadwaUawn, 
King  of  the  Britains,  and  Edwin,  King  of  the  Saxons,  till  the 
river  Severn  was  red  with  blood.  {Tr.  75.)  Neither  this  battle 
nor  that  of  Bryn  Ceneu'n  Ehos,  between  Cadwallon  and  Edwin, 
is  mentioned  in  Tyssilio,  nor  in  Galfrid^s  translation ;  nor  the 
battle  of  Meigen.     See  TriadeSy  49. 

Lluest  Gadwallon  glodrydd 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  1 33 

Yngwarthaf  Digoll  Fjnydd, 

Saithmis  a  saithgad  beonydd. — Llytcarch  Hen. 
See  Belyn. 

DiGWYDD  (Y),  reversio, 

A'r  digwydd  o  draean  i  fam. 

DiHEWYD,  a  parish  in  Cardiganshire. 

DiLYN :  hence  Aberdilyn. 

DiLLUS  Farfawc  (n.  pr.  v.).     Tstori  Kil  ap  KUydd. 

DiMBECH  or  DiMBYCH,  Angl.  DcTiMgh.  Dinas  Bychod,  city  of 
bucks. 

DiMEiRCHiON,  enw  He ;  q.  4  Dinmeirchion. 

DiMETiE,  a  name  given  by  the  Bomans  to  the  inhabitants  of 
what  is  now  called  part  of  Caermarthenshire,  Pembrokeshire, 
and  part  of  Cardiganshire ;  by  the  Britains  called  Byfed  orByvet, 
q.  d.  Dehaufedy  or  the  South  Country ;  part  of  what  is  now  called 
South  Wales.  Camden  makes  them  a  different  people  from  the 
Silures  [and  that  very  rightly. — /.  M.\ 

.    DiMiLWY  or  DiNMiLWY,  the  name  of  some  fort  in  Cantref 
Gwaelod  drowned  by  the  sea. 

Ardal  dwfu  hoewal  Dinmilwy 

Eissyddyn  gwylain  rhiain  yn  rhwy. 

Prydydd  y  Mochy  i  Llew.  ap  lorwertb. 
See  Dinfyddwy. 

Din  (fl.) :  hence  Aberdeen  in  Scotland,  Lat.  Aberdonia,  a 
bishop^s  seat  and  University ;  anciently  Devaiia  (Ainsworth). 
Aberdeen  lies  between  the  rivers  Dee  and  Don ;  two  cities,  New 
and  Old  Aberdeen. 

Din  is  a  most  ancient  Celtic  word  used  in  the  composition  of 
the  names  of  places,  signifying  a  fortress  or  stronghold,  and  is 
not  the  same  as  dinas,  as  Dr.  Davies  advances.  Out  of  it  was 
formed  IHnas,  when  a  city  or  a  society  of  people  was  added  to 
the  fort  so  as  to  make  it  a  garrison  or  fortified  town.  Dindryfal ; 
Dinefwr;  Dinbych;  Dinsol;  Dinorweg;  Dinteirw;  Dineithon; 
Dinsily w  ;  Dindaethwy ;  Dinalclud ;  Dinerth  ;  Dinmor ;  Din- 
geraint;  Dinmael;  Dinbrain;  Dinmeirchion. 

In  Scotland :  Dunbar ;  Dunbarton ;  Dundee  ;  Dimgon ;  Dum- 
fries ;  Dunfermlin ;  Dimkeld ;  Dunstafnag ;  Dunvegan  ;  Dun- 
tulm ;   Dunrobin ;   Dunnet  Head ;   Dingwel ;   Dunsbay  Head 
Dunblain ;  Dunsterc ;  Dunglass  ;  Dimrossness. 


134  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

In  the  Irish,  dun  and  duna  signifies  a  fort,  and  hence  came  the 
Latin  terminations  of  the  names  of  some  places  in  dunum :  Cam- 
elodunum,  Uxelodunum,  etc.,  etc.  [Melodunum,  Moeldun. — W,  D.] 

DiNALCLUD :  see  AlcVad, 

DiNAM,  qiL  ?  Uanddinam,  Montgomeryshire,  dedicated  to  St. 
Lloniaw. 

DiNiiNT,  a  place  in  Britanny  lately  called  Dinham,  from  whence 
the  surnames  of  some  families  in  England.  (Camden,)  Ihmant, 
in  the  Welsh,  is  black  valley.     See  Dinam. 

DiNAS  is  an  old  Celtic  word  signifying  what  the  Latins  called 
civitas  and  urbs;  Ir.  duan.  "City"  is  the  English  word  that 
comes  nighest  it.  It  is  prefixed  to  the  names  of  several  towns, 
as  well  as  din,  from  which  it  is  formed ;  din  signifying  only  a 
fortified  place,  but  dinas  an  inhabited  town  fortified,  which 
answers  to  the  notion  of  a  city,  according  to  CoweU,  who  says  it 
should  be  dvUas,  oppidum,  and  urbs:  civitas,  because  of  the 
magistracy ;  oppidum,  for  the  great  number  of  inhabitants ;  urbs, 
because  of  the  walls.  Sir  Edward  Coke  calk  Cambridge  a  city, 
though  it  never  had  a  bishop.  Westminster,  by  27  Elizabeth, 
c.  5,  is  called  a  city.  Crompton,  in  his  Jurisdict,  leaveth  out 
Ely  in  his  catalogue  of  cities,  though  it  hath  a  bishop  and  cathe- 
dral ;  and  LandaflF,  St.  David's,  Bangor,  and  St.  Asaph,  are  no 
cities,  though  they  have  cathedrals  and  bishops. 

Dinas,  an  old  fort  near  Aberystwyth ;  and  several  others. 
Dinas,  near  Carnarvon. 

Dinas  Bassin,  an  abbey  near  Holywell  in  Flintshire ;  Basing- 
werk.     Tomas,  Arglwydd  Abad  Dinas  Bassin. 

Dinas  Beli,  London. 

Dinas  Bran  :  see  Bran. 

Dinas  Bwch,  enw  He.    Arglwydd  Dinas  Bwch. 

Dinas  Dinlle,  Caernarvonshire.  [Caer  DinUe,  now  Kinnei-s- 
ley.—  W.  i>.] 

Dinas  Emrys,  in  Caernarvonshire ;  enw  Dinas  Ffaran  ar  ol 
dadguddio'r  dreigiau.  (TV.  45.)  Another  of  the  same  name  in 
Uoegria;  Latinized  Ambrosii  Vicus,  Ambresbury.    (Camden.) 

A  Dinas  Emrys  amrygant 
Amrygyr  Newenhyr  naw  cant 
A  Cliaer  yn  Arvon. 

Pnjdydd  y  Mochy  i  Lew.  ap  lorwerth. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  135 

DiNAS  Ffaraon  or  Ffaran,  He  dadcuddiodd  Gwrtheym  y 
dreigiau.  (Tr,  45.)  This  was  some  fort  on  Snowdon  hills,  per- 
haps the  same  with  Dinas  Emrys,  which  see,  and  Ffaraon  and 
Coed  Ffaraon.     {Ehys  Ooch  Eryri) 

Dinas  Gawr 

Dinas  Melin  y  Wyg,  a  British  oppidum,  such  as  is  described 
by  Caesar  (Comm,,  1,  v).  It  lies  in  the  mountains  of  Denbigh- 
shire. 

Dinas  y  Mowddwy,  a  town  in  Meirionydd. 

Ddinas  Newydd  (Y).  Gwaith  y  Ddinas  Newydd,  a  battle 
fought  at  Brecknock  with  Elfled,  Duchess  of  Mercia,  A.D.  919. 
(Powel,  Carad,,  p.  47.) 

Dinas  Powys,  a  manor  in  Morganwg.     See  Ynys  Powys. 

DiNAU  (Llwdlo),  or  Dinan,  or  Dunant,  qu.  ? 

DiNAWAL,  a  lordship  in  Cardiganshire. 

Pob  rhyw  wr  pybyr  eirian 

0  Ddinawal  a  dal  dau. 

Pdu>  ap  leuan  Du. 

DiNAWAL,  neu  Dinawl,  neu  Dinafawl  :  qu.,  whether  the  same 
as  Dinefawl,  tad  Bran,  tad  Uowarch  (15  Zlivyth), 

DiNBRAIN. 

hydr  riain 

O'r  wenllys  gar  Dinbrain 

Ami  yw  gwawd  gynnevawd  gain,  etc. 

Hywel  ap  "EignUyHy  i  Fefanwy  Fechan  o  Qastell  Dinas  Bran. 

DiNBRAN,  the  name  of  a  lordship  near  Llangollen,  where  Cas- 
tell  Dinas  Bi*an  is.     See  CaMell  Dinas  Bran. 
DiNBRiTHON,  Dunbritton  in  Scotland. 
DiNBYRN  (n.  pr.). 

Eirf  drablndd  angndd  angerth  Dinbym. 

Bin,  ap  GwcUckmai,  i  Lew.  ap  lorwerth. 

Nid  ail  Dinbryn. — D.  ap  GwxLymy  i  Bys  Meigen. 

IhNBYCH  and  DiNBECH,  q.  d.  Dinas  Bychod,  a  town  and  castle 
in  North  Wales;  in  English,  Denbigh:  hence  Denbighshire. 
Church  dedicated  to  St.  Marchell.    See  Dinas  Bwch. 

DiNBYCH  Y  Pysgod,  Tenby,  and  the  hundred  of  Denbigh  in 
Essex. 


136  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

DiNCADVAEL,  an  old  fort  on  the  top  of  a  high  hill  in  Llan 
Nefydd  parish  in  Denbighshire,  capable  of  holding  a  large  army, 
strengthened  with  three  fosses  on  the  side  next  the  east,  the 
other  side  very  steep ;  not  mentioned  in  Camden.  There  is  also 
a  gentleman's  seat  called  Dincadfael,  in  the  hundred  of  Isaled. 
{J.  D.) 

DiNDAETHWY,  One  of  the  six  commots  of  Anglesey,  from  a  fort 
of  that  name. 

DiNDRYFAL,  the  ruins  of  a  fort  in  Anglesey ;  lit,  a  triangled 
town  or  fort. 

DiNEFWR,  a  part  of  South  Wales,  once  a  principality.  Talaith 
Dinefwr.  CasteU  Dinefwr,  near  Llandeilo  Fawr.  Here  a  terrible 
battle  was  fought,  ad.  1254,  between  Lleweljrn  ap  Gruffudd  and 
Henry  III*s  army,  who  had  besieged  this  castle  with  a  strong 
power  landed  at  Caermarthen.  The  King's  men  were  put  to 
flight,  and  [he]  lost  2,000  soldiers.     (Camd.  in  Llewelyn) 

Llawn  lief  Talaith  Dinefwr 

Llefain  mal  Uif  Noe  am  wr. — Lewys  Morganwg, 

Din  Eithon,  a  castle  on  the  river  Eithon  in  Maelienydd,  from 
wliich  some  part  of  that  country  takes  its  name.  Bro  Din  Eithon. 

Prif  arglwydd  brolwydd  Bro  Dineithon. 

Cynddelw^  i  Gad.  ap  Madawg. 

DiNERTH  (n.  pr.  v.).  Howel  ap  Dinerth.  (Powel,  Carad,,  p. 
178.)    Hence  CasteU  Dinerth. 

Dinerth  in  South  Wales,  at  St.  David's,  where  a  battle  was 
fought,  AD.  911,  between  the  Welsh  and  Uther  and  Eahald,  the 
Danes,  who  came  there  with  a  great  navy,  where  Mayloc  ap 
Peredur  Gam  was  slain.     {Carad.  in  Anar.,  p.  451.) 

Dinerth  Castle  and  Caerwedros  Castle  rased  by  Owen  Gwyn- 
edd,  etc.,  ad.  1136,  and  all  the  Normans  and  Flemings  drove  out 
of  Cardiganshire,  (Carad.  in  Gruff,  ap  Cynan.)  He  had  this  year 
an  army  of  6,000  foot  and  2,000  horse  well  armed,  and  near  the 
river  Teivi  fought  all  the  power  of  the  Normans,  Flemings,  and 
English ;  kiUed  3,000  in  the  field,  and  several  were  drowned  in 
the  flight,  and  several  carried  away  captivea     (Caradoc.) 

DiNFYDDWY.     Some  fort,  in  Caledonia,  perhaps. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  137 

Gwyn  ei  byd  hi'r  fedwen 

Yngwarthaf  Dinfyddwy 

A  wybjdd  pan  fo  y  gid  yn  Ardndwy. — Myrddin  WyllL 

DiNGAD  Sant. 

Nid  Dingad  ddoniad  ddinodi  gwlad  Goel 
Deinioel  a  Seirioel  rhag  eu  sorri. — Hywel  Dafydd, 

Dingad  ap  Nedd  Hael. 

Dingad  ap  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 

DiNLLAEN. 

Oes  le  rhydd  was  osier  hen 

Ond  yn  Ll^n  neu  Dinllaen. — lolo  Gochj  i'r  Gwyddelyn. 

DiNLLAES:  vid  Tirdldes, 

DiNLLE.    Dinas  Dinlle. 

DiNMAEL,  in  Powys  Vadog.  {Powd,)  See  Llangwm  I>inmael, 
Denbighshire. 

DiNMAWR  or  DiNMOR,  vulgi  Dingmor. 

DiNOGAN  (n.  pr.  v.).    Dinogan  mab  Cynan  Garwyn. 

DiNORWEG,  Caernarvonshire.  Syr  Gruffydd  Ilwyd  o  Wynedd, 
Arglwydd  Dinorweg. 

DiNOTHUS  {Dinotvs  by  Leland,  who  says  in  Scr.  Brit,  c.  44, 
he  was  first  a  monk  of  Bangor  is  y  Coed,  and  then  abbot),  a 
learned  man.  He  and  other  abbots  and  seven  British  bishops 
met  Augustine  at  the  Claudian  Synod,  when  sent  by  Pope 
Gregory,  but  could  not  agree  with  him.  He  is  also  mentioned 
by  Bede,  1.  i,  c.  1.  In  the  ancient  orthography  this  name  was 
wrote  Dinot  or  Dinavt ;  in  the  modern,  Dunod  or  Dunawd,  Dun- 
awd  Fyr  was  son  of  Pabo  Post  Prydain.  See  also  Goer  Dduiwd 
and  Deinid,     [Dunawd  Ffur,  i.  e.,  Dunawd  the  Wise. —  W,  2?.] 

DiNSOL,  some  town  anciently  in  the  north  of  England. 

DiNTAGOL  or  TiNTAGOL,  a  village  in  CornwalL  It  is  turned 
into  a  man  by  Buchanan. 

DiNTARN.     Mynachlog  Dintam  ym  Mynwy  gynt. 

DiNTEiRW,  a  castle  in 

Trais  ar  ysgwyd  rhag  ysgor  Dinteirw 
A  gwyr  meirw  rhag  mur  cor. 

Cyndddwy  i  Twain  Cyfeiliog. 

DioCHLEisiON  (n.  pr.  v.),  Dioclesian  the  Emperor.  See  Chwedlau 

Doethion  Ehufain  [printed  in  the  Brythmil]. 

18 


138  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

DiRiE,  the  Furies  Tisiphone,  Megcera,  and  Alecto ;  from  the 
Celtic  dir,  necessity.    Y  Duwiau  Dir. 

Saccessnm  Dea  dira  negat. —  Virgil. 

Ddiserth  (Y),  a  parish  church  in  Tegeingl,  whose  patron  saint 
is  Cwyfan  {E,  Llwyd) ;  Disart  {Camden),  There  has  been,  says 
E.  Uwyd,  in  Descript  Diserth,  a  castle  at  Trecastell,  which  some 
say  was  called  Castell  Ffailon,  alias  Dincolyn,  alias  Castell  Geri ; 
for  in  the  same  township  there  is  a  field  called  Bryn  Dincolyn. 
There  are  some  pieces  of  wall  still  remaining.     (K  Lltoyd) 

DiSERTH  parish,  Radnorshire.     There  is  a  Dysert  in  Scotland. 

DisiLWY,  or  DiNSiLYW,  or  Dinsilwy,  Mon. 

DiSMAB :  see  Esmas. 

DiSTAiN.    Einion  Distain  ap  lerwerth ;  i.  e,,  steward. 

DiFANCOLL  (Y),  Total  Loss,  a  battle  fought  in  North  Britain, 
where  it  seems  not  one  man  escaped.  It  is  mentioned  in  Tr,  34 : 
"  Teulu  Gafran  mab  Aeddan,  pan  fu  y  DifancoU,  a  aethant  i'r 
mor  tros  eu  harglwydd.*'  Bede  says  it  was  fought  between 
Ethelfrid,  King  of  Northumbria,  and  Edan,  King  of  the  Scots 
that  inhabit  North  Britain,  who  had  an  immense  army,  and  that 
they  were  almost  all  slain.  The  Saxon  Chronicle  places  it  in  ad. 
G06,  but  Bede  in  603.    See  Bede,  L  i,  c.  34. 

Divi  Gawr.  Caer  Divi  Gawr  yw  Caer  Ddyffn,  says  Thomas 
Williams  {Oaialogys  of  Cities), 

DivoDOG  or  Dyfodog  :  see  Tyfodog, 

DiWLAS  (fl.),  Montgomeryshire. 

DiWRiG,  father  of  larddur. 

DoBUNi,  a  name  which  the  Romans  gave  to  the  people  of 
Gloucestershire  and  Oxfordshire,  or  thereabouts. 

DOCVAN  ap  Brychan,  al,  Doevan. 

DocHTWY  o  Lydaw. 

DODIEN,  King  of  Cornwall.     See  Byfnwal, 

DoFR,  Dover. 

Y  ddelw  a'i  wayw'n  ei  ddwylaw 

A  f u  ar  draetb  yn  Nofr  draw. — L.  Morganwg, 

Gwerthefyr,  King  of  Britain,  whose  statue  was  set  up  at  Dover 
harbour  to  frigliten  the  Saxon  invaders.    (Manonad  Syr  B.  ap 

Siim.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  139 

DOGOED.  Uanddoged,  a  parish  and  churcli  in  the  deanery  of 
Ehos,  Denbighshire. 

DoGMAEL  ap  Gunedda  Wledig.     {Ach  Cynog  a  Chattwg,) 

DOQVAEL  Sant  (in  English,  DogmaeJ),  a  British  abbot.  An 
ancient  church  dedicated  to  him  in  the  land  of  Eemes  in  Pem- 
brokeshire, given  after  the  Conquest  to  a  priory  of  monks,  by 
the  name  of  St.  Dogmael's.  (Dugdale's  Monasticon)  Llanddyg- 
weL  {Brit  Sanct.,  June  13.) 

DoGVEiLYN,  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Dyflfryn  Clwyd, 
Denbighshire ;  so  named  from  Dogvael  ap  Cunedda  Wledig. 

D8l  or  Dole,  the  name  of  a  city  and  bishop's  see  in  Little  Britain 
and  of  a  city  in  Franche  Comte,  The  meaning  of  the  word  in 
British  is  avale  or  dale,  much  the  same  with  ystradydijffryn.  Agreat 
many  places  in  Wales  so  situated  have  their  names  formed  from 
d6l,  as  Dol  Gadfan ;  Dol  y  Calettwr ;  Dolau  Gwyn ;  Dol  y  Cothi  ; 
Dolfan,  Caermarthenshii-e  ;  y  Dolau  ;  Dol  Benmaen ;  Dol  y  Cors- 
Iwyn ;  Dol  Arddun  (see  Ardduv) ;  Dolgelleu ;  Dolgiog  (see  Ciog) ; 
Dolobran ;  Dol  Bodtla ;  y  Ddol  Goch ;  Dol  y  Garrog ;  Dolwyddelen. 

In  Scotland  those  places  that  have  this  situation  are  called 
Dale  or  Strat;  and  Stratclwyd  in  Scotland,  where  the  Strat- 
clwyd  Britains  were  formerly,  is  now  called  Clydesdale ;  and  so 
our  Ystrad  Clwyd  in  Wales  is  called  Djrffryn  Clwyd.  They 
have  also  in  Scotland,  Teviuts  Dale,  Liddis  Dale,  Annan  Dale, 
Tweed  Dale,  Lauderdale,  Eskdale,  Dalewhinie,  Nithsdale,  Enap- 
dale,  Dalkeith,  etc. 

DoLANOG,  a  gentleman's  seat  {J.  D.),     Williams. 

DoLBEN  (n.  pr.  v.). 

DoLBENMAEN,  a  chapel  in  Caermarthenshire  [Caernarvonshire]. 

DoLEUBACHOG,  a  gentleman's  seat.     Wynne. 

DoLEUGWYN,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Meirion. 

DoLGADFAN  (nomen  loci). 

Dolgelleu,  a  town  in  Meirionyddshire,  near  the  river  Maw. 
Mr.  Camden  places  it  on  the  river  Avon,  but  there  is  no  such 
river.  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  says  the  name  is  derived  from  kelleu, 
which  he  says  is  celli,  a  grove  of  hazles ;  but  qu.  whether  the 
river  that  runs  through  the  town  is  not  called  Oelleu,  as  most 
Bdles  have  their  name  from  the  rivers  that  run  through  them  ? 
The  great  sessions  are  kept  here  and  at  Bala  alternately.  It  is 
called  Dohjellef  by  Syr  Owain  ap  Gwilym  to  Lewis  Owen. 


140  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

DOLGIOG,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Montgomeryshire. 

DoL  Y  Glesyn,  a  gentleman's  seat  {J,  D).    Wynne's. 

DoL  Y  FoNDDU,  a  gentleman's  seat  (/.  i>.).    Pugk 

DoL  Haidd,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Pembrokeshire,  qn.  ?  [Carmar- 
thenshire]. 

DoL  Y  Melynllyn,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Meirionydd. 

DoL  Y  MocH,  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J.  D) 

DoLOBRAN,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Powys. 

Dolor  (n.  pr.  v.).  Dolor  Deifr  a  Bryneich,  father  of  Pryder, 
one  of  the  three  strong  crooks  or  strong  cripples.  (TV.  21.) 

DoLPHYN  ap  Terwerth  ap  Llewelyn  Aurdorchog.  Hence  Prys 
Dolphyn  and  Treddolphyn  in  Anglesey.  [Ooed  Olphyn  (n.  1.), 
Davies'  Heraldry,  p.  33.— TT.  B.] 

DoL  Y  Sere,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Meirionydd. 

DoLWEN :  see  Llwyndolwen. 

DoLWYDDELEN  Castle,  near  Llyn  Dolwyddelen  in  Caernarvon- 
shire ;  q.  d.  Dol-wydd-Elen,  i.  e,,  the  Valley  of  Elen's  Wood. 

Dolling  ap  GruflFudd  ap  Cynan,  a  learned  priest,  a,d.  1137. 
{Oaradoc) 

Don  (n.  pr.  v.).  Don,  lord  of  Arfon,  was  father  of  Gwydion 
or  Gwdion,  an  eminent  Cambrian  philosopher  and  astronomer. 
Tir  mab  Don,  i.  6.,  Arfon,  the  land  of  Gwdion  ap  Don. 

Pan  aeth  Caswallon  hir  i  dir  mab  Don. — Taliesin, 
Hence  Goer  Daun  in  Nennius ;  in  the  British,  perhaps  Caerdon  ; 
whence  the  Danum  in  Anton.  Itinerary,  which,  perhaps,  is  Don- 
caster.     See  lor.  ap  Beli  i  Esgob  Bangor,  and  also  Arch.  Brit,  p. 
259,  and  Gwdion. 

D6n.     lankyn  Don.     Ddn  Gwenonwy. 

Dona  Santes.     Llanddona,  a  church  in  Anglesey. 

DoNCASTER :  see  JDavm, 

DoNN,  a  river,  runs  by  Aberdeen  in  Scotland. 

DoNET  ap  Tudwal  ap  Ednyfed. 

DoRABEL,  a  castle  near  Abertemys, — the  mouth  of  the  Thames 
(Tyssilio) ;  probably  at  Deal  or  Dover.  J.  Csesar  having  landed 
at  Abertemys,  Caswallawn  secured  the  Castle  of  Dorabel.  In 
Galfrid's  Latin  it  is  Dorabellum  oppidum,  and  not  a  castle.  See 
Twyth  Meinlas, 

Doris,  a  sea-nympli.    (Ovid.  Met.  i,  11.)     This  was  a  Celtic 


CELTIC  REM  A  INS.  141 

princess.    Duwies  y  Dvjr,  the  Goddess  of  Water,  or  Water  God- 
dess,— Dwres  or  Dyfres, 
DoRTi  (n.  pr.  f.),  Dorothea. 

DovEiLiNG,  enw  He.  Gwehelyth  Doveiling  (qu.  Dogfeiling  ?). 
Vid.  Dogvael. 

DouK  or  DWR  (fl.) :  hence  Aberdour  of  Fife  in  Scotland.  Lat. 
Aberdora  or  Dura. 

DouEGUY,  wrote  anciently  for  Donrdwy.   {£,  Llwyd) 
DoWROR  or  Dyfrwr.  Llanddyfrwr,  a  parish  and  church,  Caer- 
morthenshire. 

Dows,  verch  Bicard  ap  Hoel.  AngL  and  Lat  Ihdcibella, 
Draethon.  Caer  Draethon.  (Usher's  Catalogue.) 
Dragon.  I  take  it  to  be  an  old  Celtic  term  in  the  military 
art ;  perhaps  a  standard.  Some  say  it  signified  only  a  lord  or 
commander.  Uther,  the  father  of  Arthur,  was  surnamed  Fen- 
dragon  ;  that  is,  head  or  chief  dragon.  Perhaps  a  dragon  was 
with  the  Britains  what  the  eagle  was  with  the  Bomans,  their 
standard.  Gwen  Ben  Dragon  is  also  mentioned  in  the  Triades, 
50.     Qu.  whether  the  word  dragon  is  derived  from  thence  ? 

GwyddbwU  Dragon  gosbarth  Brython. — Taliesiny  i  Eidol. 

Dran  (n.  pr.  v.).    Triad  24. 

Dref  Wen  (Y),  a  town  mentioned  by  Llywarch  Hen  in  Mar- 
wnad  Cynddylan,  where  Mr.  E.  Llwyd  supposes  he  was  killed. 
It  lay  near  a  wdbd,  between  the  river  Tren  and  Trodwydd,  and 
Tren  and  Traval.     Y  Drewen  (Z.  6,  Oothi),  Whitington. 

Y  Dref  wen  ymron  y  coed. — Llywarcli  Hen. 

Dremrost.  Daniel  Dremrost,  a  king  of  Armorica.  (Sunburnt. 
— Br.  Davies.) 

Dreflys  (Y),  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Buallt. 
(Price's  Descript.) 

Droichau.  Caer  Droichau.  (Nenniv^.)  Qu.  whether  Caer 
Draethon  of  Usher  ? 

Dronwy  or  Daronwy,  a  place  in  Mon.  See  Paltic  and  Edwin. 

Drudwas  or  Drutwas  (n.  pr.  v.).  This  I  found  in  an  old 
MS. :  "  Drutwas  ap  Tryphin  a  gafas  gan  ei  wraig  dri  ederyn 
llwch  gwin,  y  rhai  a  wnaent  beth  bynnag",  etc.;  i.  e.,  Drutwas, 
son  of  Tryphin,  had  of  his  wife  three  Llwch  gvAn  birds  which 


1 42  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

would  do  whatever  their  master  commanded  them.  There  was 
a  duel  to  be  fought  between  Arthur  and  Drutwas,  but  no  body 
was  to  be  suffered  to  come  into  the  field  but  themselves.  Drut- 
was sent  the  birds  into  the  place  of  appointment  with  orders  to 
kill  the  first  man  that  came.  A  sister  of  Drutwas,  who  was 
Arthur's  concubine,  came  to  know  this,  and  out  of  regard  to 
them  both  stopped  Arthur  from  going.  At  last  Drutwas  came 
into  the  field  imagining  that  the  birds  had  killed  Arthur  in  his 
armour,  and  the  birds  snatched  him  up,  and  killed  him  instead 
of  Arthur ;  and  when  they  were  high  up  in  the  air,  they  knew 
who  he  was,  and  came  down  with  the  most  pitiful  complaints 
for  killing  Drutwas  their  master;  and  upon  this  that  famous 
piece  of  music  called  "Adar  Uwch  Gwin"  was  composed,  and 
then  Llywarch  Hen  had  the  subject  to  sing  as  follows : 

Drutwas  ap  Trjphin  mewn  (gwnae)  trin  anianawl 
Ar  drallawd  ac  orddin 
Adwy  a  wnaeth  gysefin 
Adar  a'i  lladdodd  llwch  gwin.  — Llywarch  Hen, 

The  meaning  of  this  fiction  of  the  poets  is  this :  Some  Arthur 
(not  the  King)  and  Drutwas  (who  is  mentioned  in  the  Triades  as 
a  noted  orator  in  King  Arthur's  court)  had  a  duel  to  fight.  Drut- 
was sent  three  rufBians  to  the  place  appointed,  to  kill  the  first 
that  came.  Adar  Uwch  gtoin  are  vultures,  and  vultures  is  a  pro- 
per term  enough  for  ruifians.  The  tune,  or  piece  of  music,  after- 
wards composed  on  this  subject  was  of  a  grave  and  melancholy 
kind ;  and  perhaps  Llywarch  Hen's  Englyn,  misunderstood,  gave 
the  first  rise  to  this  story. 

Drutwas  mab  Tryphin  was  one  of  the  three  golden-tongued 
knights  in  King  Arthurs  court.  {Tr.  82.)  His  oratory  dropt 
as  pleasing  as  gold  from  his  tongue. 

Drum:  see  Trum, 

Dbum  Benawc  ap  Tryphin  o  Frecheiniog  ap  Drem  ap  Cu  ap 
Gweneu. 

Drws,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  prefixed  to  the  names  of  places, 
signifying  in  our  days  a  door  or  entrance  into  a  house,  anciently 
signified  any  opening  or  passage  between  mountains,  etc.,  or  a 
pass.  Drws  Ardudwy,  Meirion  ;  Drws  y  Coed ;  Drws  y  Nant. 
[Bwlch  Oerddrvvs.— IT.  R] 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  143 

Drych  (n.  pr.  v.),  Drych  eil  Cibddar,  un  o'r  tri  phrif  Iledrith- 
awc.     (JV.  33.) 

Deyge.  Tudur  (a  laddodd  y  Dryge)  ap  Gronw.  I  suppose  y 
Dreigiau. 

Dryll  y  Pobydd,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J,  D,) 

Dryslwyn  (n.  L),  in  Uangathan,  Caermarthenshire.  Fair 
kept  here. 

Drystan  ap  Tallwch  (Tr.  24),  un  o'r  tri  galofydd.  See  Trys- 
tan,    Un  o'r  tri  gwrddfeichiad,  (TV.  30.) 

Drysyaes,  Lat.  2>ru4oma^^u«.  {E.  Lhvyd.)  Qu.,  whether  Dyrys- 
faes,  as  Dyryslwyn,  etc. 

Drywarth. 

Oorddyar  adar  ar  y  Drywarth. — Llywarch  Een. 

Drywon  (n.  pr.  v.).  Drywon  mab  Nudd  yn  Rhodwydd  Arder- 
ydd.  (Tr.  36.)  A  battle  fought  ad.  557.  This  Drywon  had  a 
fforsgordd  adwy  then ;  t.  e.,  a  guard  of  a  pass,  as  I  understand  it. 
(TV.  36.)     See  Owenddolau. 

Du,  black.    Llewelyn  Ddu. 

Due,  a  duke.  A  degree  of  nobility  among  the  ancient  Britains ; 
originally  a  general  or  leader  of  an  army,  as  the  British  word 
signifies  to  lead ;  and  in  that  sense  Nennius  says  of  King  Arthur 
that  he  was  dua  of  all  the  petty  kings  of  the  Britains  against 
the  Saxons.  But  some  unwilling  persons  will  not  see  that  this 
is  the  sense  of  that  passage :  "Arthur  pugnabat  contra  illos  in 
illis  diebus  videlicet  Saxones  cum  regibus  Britonum  sed  ipse 
Dux  erat  bellorum  et  in  omnibus  bellis  victor  extitit."  (Nennius, 
c.  Ixii.)  Can  anjrthing  be  plainer  than  that  Arthur  was  the 
chief  of  the  British  kings,  and  generalissimo  or  leader  of  all  the 
British  forces  ?  With  which  account  agree  Tyssilio  and  the 
Triades. 

DuDLYSTON.  liwyth  Dudlyston  yn  y  Traean.  [Dudleston,  near 
Ellesmere,  Shropshire. — W.  D,] 

DuLAS  (fl.).  There  are  abundance  of  rivers  of  this  name  in 
Wales ;  and  the  river  Douglas  in  Scotland  (i  «.,  Duglas),  and 
also  Douglas  in  the  Isle  of  Man,  are  of  the  same  original.  It 
signifies  black  and  blue  water,  or  blmsh  black.  See  LluTiddulas 
and  Aberdulas, 

DULYN  and  Duflyn,  i.  e.,  Dublin  in  Ireland ;  h.  du  and  Uyn, 


144  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

i.  e.,  black  lake  or  black  pool ;  and  so  in  Irish.     So  Dafydd  Ep- 
pynt  is  wrong  to  write  Dulun, 

Mae  enw  Wiliam  yn  Nulun 
At  finaa  gwjr  fwy  nag  un. — D.  EppynL 
See  Ednyfed  Vychan. 

DuNAWD  ap  Ounedda  Wledig. 

DuNAWT,  DuNAWD,  OP  Dynod  (n.  pr.).    Dunawd  Fyr,  son  of 

Pabo  Post  Prydain,  mentioned  by  Tyssilio  to  have  been  one  of 

the  noblemen  that  attended  Arthur  in  his  great  feasts,  etc.  The 

TriMes  caU  him  «  un  o  dri  phost  cad  Ynys  Prydain";  meaning. 

I  suppose,  in  the  time  of  Arthur  (TV.  11),  for  his  father  was  also 

called  «  Post  Prydain";  so  that "  Tarw  Cad",  "  Post  Cad",  "  Cad- 

farchog",  and  "  Taleithog  Cad",  seem  to  be  some  particular  station 

in  the  army.    liywarch  Hen,  in  Urien  Reged's  elegy,  mentions 

him : 

Dynod  fab  Pabo  ni  thech. 

St.  Dinoth  Church,  at  Worthenbury,  Flintshire.  See  Paho, 
DuNOD  Deinwyn,  father  of  Deiniol  Sant.  {HoiaTUiu  Myrddin.) 
DuNODiG.  Cantref  Dunodig,  anciently  one  of  the  four  cantrefs 
of  Caernarvonshire,  containing  the  commots  of  Ardudwy  and 
Efionydd :  so  called  from  Dunod  ap  Cunedda  Wledig.  (Price's 
J)e8cr.) 

DuNSETTAN,  a  name  given  by  the  Saxons  to  the  mountain 
Welsh  of  Monmouthshire  or  Gwent  Land,  called  also  Wentset. 
(Gamden,) 
DUNWALLON,  lord  of  Dyfed,'A.D.  948.  {Garadoc,  p.  60.) 
DuROTRiGES,  Loegrian  Britains  inhabiting  Dorsetshire;  so 
called  by  the  Romans.  The  British  name  was  Ihvrdriffwyr,  men 
inhabiting  the  water-side.  They  were  of  the  Belgse  that  inha- 
bited the  water-side  about  the  Rhine,  and  were  called  also  Mor- 
inrvyr  (Lat.  Morini).     See  Morini  and  Monnvryr. 

DwGAN  (n.  pr.  f.).    Y  Ddwgan  Ddu  o  Harlech,     {AraUh  lolo 
Goch.) 
DwNWALLON,  lord  of  Dyfed,  a.d.  948. 

DwR.  Caer  Ddwrgynt,  sef  yw  Caergybi,  yn  Saesneg  ffoly- 
head.  (TL  Williams,  Gatal.)  Qu.,  whether  not  Goer  y  Tior,  from 
Mynydd  y  Twr. 

DwRGWENT,  Darby ;  from  the  river  Derwent.  See  Derwen- 
nydd. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  1 45 

DWY,  qiL  ?  Uanddwy  (n.  1.). 

Meibion  myr  llenwyr  Llanddwy, 

Meddiant  teg  mae  idd jnt  hwy. — Bedo  Philip  Bach, 

DwYFACH  and  Dwyfawr,  two  rivers  near  Pwllheli ;  i.  e.,  the 
greater  and  lesser  Duny  :  hence,  perhaps,  Dyfrdwy,  the  Dee,  or 
the  water  of  Du,  or  Black- water.  Probably  it  was  at  first  called 
Dwfr  Buy  as  Dublin,  DiUyn,  black  pool. 

DwYFAEN,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J.  D)     Uwyd. 

DwYGYFYLCHEU,  a  parish,  {E.Llwyd,)  Dygyfylchi,  Dygjrfylchi, 

or  DywgyfylchL    The  church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Gwining.  {Br. 

WiUis) 

Garafi  gaer  falchwaith  o'r  Gyfylchi. 

Qu.,  whether  Conwy  Castle  ?    See  Gyfylchi, 

DwYWANEDD  verch  Amlawd  Wledig. 

DwYNWE,  merch  Gwallawc  ap  liienawc. 

DWYNWEN,  Santes  y  Cariad ;  daughter  of  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 
Her  church,  at  Ilanddwyn  in  Anglesey,  was  repaired  to  in  all 
love  affairs,  as  Venus' Temple  was  among  the  Eomans.  (J9.  Jones) 
Dafydd  ap  Gwilym's  poem  or  petition  to  her  is  curious  as  a 
specimen  of  it. 

DwYBYD,  a  river,  Meirion. 

DWYRTW  (fl.),  in  Uywarch  Hen's  Marwnad  Cynddylan  Powys. 

DwYVAEL  ap  Pryderi  neu  Pryder  ap  Dolor  Deivr.  Vid.  Pry^ 
deri. 

DwYWE,  Santes  lianddwywe,  Meirion. 

DwYWELYTH  ap  Tegawc. 

DwTWG  (n.  pr.  v.).     See  Difwg. 

Dygn  gofion  deon  am  dwg 
Difa  dewrblant  da  Bwywg, 

Cynddelto,  ym  Marwnad  Meibion  Dwywg  ap  lorwerth. 

Dyddgan  Sant.  Capel  Dyddgan  or  Dyddgen,  in  the  parish 
of  Ilangyndeym  in  Caermarthenshire. 

Dyddgi  (vel  Dyddgu)  verch  Cynfrig  ap  Uywarch.  See  D.  ap 
Gwilym. 

Dyddgu,  wife  of  Cadwaladr  ap  Gruffydd  ap  Cynan.  (J,  D) 

Dyf.  Caerdyf :  qu.  whether  a  river  called  Tyf  falls  into  the 
Taf  at  Caerdyf  ?    [No  river  there  called  Tyf.—/.  M:\ 

19 


146  CELTIC  BEMAINS. 

Morgannwg  mawr  yw  gennyf 
I  gwyr  a*i  dwr  hyd  Gtier  Dyf. 

Bhya  Ghch  Glyndyfrdwy, 

But  the  great  river  is  called  T&f.    Y  Ty  Gwyn  ar  Dftf. 

Dtfed,  the  country  called  in  Latin  Demetia  or  Dynetia  (rectum 
Dyvetia),  Penbrokeshire,  i,  e,,  Penbro  Dyfed;  part  of  South 
Wales  containing  8  cantrefs  and  23  commots ;  derived,  I  sup- 
pose,  &om  dekaUy  south,  q.  d.  Dehaufed,  as  all  South  Wales  is 
called  from  the  same  word  Deheubarth.  In  the  MS.  Book  of 
the  Church  of  Landaf  it  is  said  that "  Septem  domus  episcopales 
sunt  in  Dyued :  (1),  Menevia^  que  est  sedes  principalis  in  Cam- 
bria ;  (2),  Ecclesia  Ismael ;  (3),  Ecclesia  Degeman ;  (4),  Ecclesia 
Tssel ;  (5),  Ecclesia  Teilau ;  (6),  Ecclesia  Teulydavc ;  (7),  Ecclesia 
Keneu.  Abbates  Teilau  et  Teulydavc  et  Ismael  et  Degeman  tenen- 
tur  clerici  esse  et  ordinari.  Ebediu  cujuslibet  istorum  Domino 
Dyued  erunt  sc.  12  lib.  vel  qui  iflis  successerint  reddant.  Mene- 
via  ab  omnia  debito  libera  manet  et  soluta.  Ecclesia  Keneu  et 
Ecclesia  Yssil  ab  illo  debito  liberae  erunt  quia  terris  carent" 

This  Ebediu  was  paid  to  the  Prince;  and  the  abbots  of  Eeneu 
and  Yssil  were  probably  lay  abbots  or  seculars.  What  these 
"  domus  episcopales"  were  is  hard  to  find  out.  They  were  not 
bishops'  sees,  as  Mr.  Spelman  imagines  them  to  be ;  but  probably 
they  might  have  been  originally  bishops'  seats  in  the  infancy  of 
Christianity,  when  the  Loegrian  bishops  were  drove  into  Wales* 
Secular  abbots  could  not  be  bishops. 

Bhag  unig  bariffwyn  gwehun  Dyfed. — 'Hoiai/UMi  Myrddin. 

Dyfed  (Gwarthaf),  the  north  part  of  Dyfed.  (Powel,  p.  274.) 

Dyfnaint  ap  Iddon  ap  Iddic. 

Dyfnaint  or  Dyfneint,  the  ancient  name  of  Devon  and  Corn- 
wall {k  dyfh  and  Tuint),  i.  e,,  deep  valleys ;  by  Boman  writers, 
DamTumia,  A  colony  of  Britains  went  from  thence  in  early  times 
to  Ireland,  which  they  called  Fir  Domnan,  i.  e.,  in  British,  Gw^ 
Djrfhant,  or  men  of  Dyfnant.     (Flaherty,  Ogygia,  p.  14.) 

0  Ddyfiiaint  o  Naint  o  Nanheudwy. 
See  Damnonii, 
Dyfnan  ap  Brychan  Biycheiniog. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  147 

Dyfnan,  Sant  LlaiiddyfhaD,  a  parish  churcli  in  Anglesey. 
Na  bo  ...  Fab  Bdln  ap  Dyfnan  heb  dir. — D,  Eppynt, 

Dyfnog  Sant.     {Br.  Willis.) 

Dyfnwal  Moel  Mut  ap  Dodien,  King  of  Cornwall  (Lat  Ihrn- 
wallus  Molmutius),  the  21st  King  of  Britain^  was  father  of  Beli 
a  Bran  (Belinns  and  Breimns),  and  the  first  King  that  wore  a 
gold  crown.  He  reduced  the  pentarchy  into  a  monarchy,  and 
probably  was  the  Prydain  ap  Aedd  Mawr  mentioned  in  the 
Triades  to  have  conquered  the  island,  and  to  have  called  it  after 
his  name,  Prydain ;  for  our  tables  of  genealogies  place  that  Pry- 
dain about  this  distance  of  time,  and  is  made  to  come  from 
Cornwall ;  and  Tyssilio,  in  his  Brut  y  BretiMnoedd,  makes  this 
Dyfnwal  the  first  that  wore  a  golden  crown,  and  gave  the 
islanders  wholesome  laws.  Mr.  Leland,  in  Script  Brit,,  c.  7, 
pidses  him  greatly  for  his  great  learning  and  making  laws  for 
his  country,  which  were  called  after  his  name,  the  Modmutian 
Laws ;  that  they  were  translated  by  Gildas  into  Latin  on  the 
decline  of  the  Boman  empire,  and  afterwards  taken  into  the 
Saxon  and  Norman  laws ;  that  he  made  four  public  ways  through 
the  Isle  of  Britain,  a  deed  worthy  of  so  great  a  prince.  The 
Saxon  writers  have  endeavoured  to  deprive  this  monarch  of  the 
honour  of  beginning  these  roads,  and  would  fain  have  it  that 
they  were  made  by  the  Romans ;  but  none  of  them  ever  could 
fix  what  Eoman  it  was  that  made  them.  See  Banulph  Higden, 
monk  of  Chester.  But  Dyfnwal  only  began  these  roads,  and 
gave  them  privileges.  His  son  Beli  prescribed  the  bounds  of 
them,  and  perfected  them.     {TyssUio) 

And  the  Laws  of  Djrfnwal  have  retained  his  name  to  the  time 
the  British  power  over  the  whole  island  was  overturned  by  the 
Saxons.  The  Saxons  being  illiterate  when  they  first  came,  had 
no  written  laws.  The  first  written  laws  they  had  were  those  of 
King  Ethelbert  of  Kent,  who  reigned  from  661  to  617 ;  and 
these  were  short  and  rude.  (Spdman.)  The  next  were  of 
Ina^  King  of  the  West  Saxons,  between  a.d,  712  and  729 ;  the 
next  were  of  Ofia,  King  of  Mercia,  about  the  year  758 ;  then 
came  those  of  King  Alfred,  King  of  the  West  Saxons,  about  the 
year  900,  who  collected  all  the  Saxon  laws,  and  translated  the 
Laws  of  Dyfnwal  into  Saxon,  as  Tyssilio  says.    There  is  a  great 


148  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

probability  in  this,  as  [his]  tutor,  Asserius,  was  a  Britain,  who, 
no  doubt,  assisted  him  in  it ;  they  being  before  translated  by 
Gildas  into  Latin.  {TyssUio)  Therefore  the  argument  of  the  im- 
probability of  his  translating  of  his  enemies'  laws  is  answered. 
About  this  time  Howel  Dda  revised  the  Cambro-British  Laws. 

Dyfr  (n.  f.).  Dyfr  Wallt  Eurait,  one  of  the  ladies  of  Arthur's 
court.    {Tt.  78.) 

Dyfrdonwy  (fl.);  the  same  with  Dyfrdwy.  {Dr.Davies,  but  qu.) 

Nid  cywiw  a  llwfr  dwfr  Dyfrdonwy. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Lew.  ap  lorwerth. 
See  Trydonwy  and  Onwy, 

Dyfkdwy,  the  river  Dee,  q.  d.  Dwfr  Du,  or  black  water.  This 
river  had  other  names  in  ancient  times,  as  Peryddon,  Aerfen. 
Dyfrdwy,  qu.  Dowrdwy,  from  dvrrddy  loud  water  {E,  Llwyd) ;  but 
it  is  not  louder  than  others.  It  is  mentioned  by  Einion  ap 
Gwalchmai  (1200) : 

Eil  gwelais  i  drais  dros  ganol  Dyfrdwy 

Yn  y  fcrai  tramwy,  etc. 

Dyfriq  (by  Latin  writers  called  DubricitLs),  Archbishop  at 
Gaerllion  ar  Wysg.  King  Arthur  was  crowned  by  him ;  and  in 
his  old  age  he  turned  hermit,  as  some  say,  and  was  succeeded 
by  Dewi  (St.  David),  who  was  uncle  to  King  Arthur ;  but  the 
truth  is,  he  finished  his  days  in  the  Monastery  of  Enlli ;  and 
had,  no  doubt,  a  pension,  to  make  room  for  the  King's  relation. 

Bennet  of  Gloucester,  Capgrave,  and  John  Tinmouth,  have 
wrote  his  acts ;  and  Brit  Sanct  picks  out  of  them  that  he  was 
a  native  of  South  Wales,  and  opened  a  famous  school  near  the 
banks  of  the  river  Wy,  at  his  college  of  Henllan,  and  among 
the  scholars  or  disciples  were  Sampson,  a  bishop,  and  Teilo,  who 
succeeded  him  Bishop  of  Llandaf.  He  was  the  first  Bishop  of 
the  see  of  Llandaf,  consecrated  thereto  by  St.  German  on  his 
second  coming  into  Britain  to  oppose  the  Pelagian  heresy,  for 
which  he  is  supposed  to  have  been  afterwards  translated  to  the 
archbishoprick  of  Caerllion.  Our  British  historians  say  he  set  the 
crown  on  King  Arthur's  head,  and  was  with  him  at  the  battle  of 
Mons  Badon.  At  the  synod  of  Brevi  he  resigned  his  archbishop- 
rick to  St.  David,  and  retired  into  the  solitude  of  Enlli  (the  Isle 
of  Bardsey),  called  the  Isle  of  20,000  saints,  where  he  died  in 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  149 

the  sixth  century,  and  was  buried  there,  but  his  relics  were  since 
translated  to  Ilandaf.  (Brit,  Sanct.)    See  Dewi.    Uanddyfrig. 

Dyfynnog,  vie.  Breckn. 

Dyfynnyn  Diabchar  (Cy/om  Myrddin  a  Gwenddydd),  or 
Dyfyn  Diarcher  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Prince  who  I  find  in  an  old  MS. 
reigned  in  North  Wales  after  Cynan  Dindaethwy.  He  is  there 
called  Dyfn  Diarchar  Penhyn  ;  perhaps  peTJiyn&if,  or  chief  elder. 
He  was  nephew  to  Alaethaw  ap  Cadvan,  and  Mdn  was  his  inhe- 
ritance ;  at  the  same  time  that  fourscore  chie&  (jpenaethau)  dis- 
puted their  right  to  North  Wales ;  at  last  it  fell  to  him.  (Dr. 
Thomas  Williams'  MS.) 

Dyffrtn,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  signifying  a  vale  (&  dy  and 
hryrC),  is  prefixed  to  the  names  of  many  places  in  Wales :  as  Dyf- 
fryn  Clwyd ;  y  Dyffryn  Gwyn ;  Dyfifryn  Ardudwy ;  Dyfiryn  liar ; 
Dyfiryn  Paith ;  Dyffryn  Meissir ;  Dyffryn  Ceiriog ;  Dyflftyn  Gol- 
uch  ;  Dyffryn  Hownant,  Cardiganshire. 

Dyffryn  Clwyd,  one  of  the  five  cantrefs  of  Berfeddwlad, 
containing  the  commots  of  Coleigion,  Uannerch,  and  Dog- 
feilyn. 

Dyffryn  Goluch,  in  Glamorganshire.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Dyffryn  Iolydd.   {Hywel  ab  Owain  Gwynedd) 

Dyffryn  Meisir,  a  place  in  Powys,  wrote  in  Llyfr  Goch  Rer- 
gest,  Dyflfrynt  Meisir.  (Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cynddylan.) 

Dyffryn  Tefeidiat.  The  Teme  (Shropshire,  Eadnorshire,  and 
Herefordshire) ;  a  country  near  the  marches  of  Wales  about 
Knighton,  thence  to  Ludlow.  It  is  one  of  the  three  commots  of 
Cantref  y  ClawdA  Through  it  runs  Teveidiat  river.  (Price's 
Descript) 

Dygen  or  Tygent,  a  river  near  Craig  Freiddin  in  Powys. 

Gorlas  rydiau  dyfr  Dygen  Freiddin. — Oorhoffedd  Owcdchmau 

Dygen  Dyfnant. 

Eil  gad  trom  y  tremynasant 
Udd  adian  nch  Dygen  Dyftiant 

Ail  agwrdd 

Bron  yr  Erw  y  galwant. 

Prydydd  Mochy  i  Low.  ap  lorwerth. 

[Qu.  Dyfnant  in  Meifod  ?—  W,  2?.] 

Dygynnelw,  son  of  Cynddelw  Brydydd  Mawr,  AD.  1160. 


150  OELTIG  BEM AINS. 

Dygynelw  (n.  pr.  v.),  Owen  ap  Urien's  poet ;  one  of  the  Tri 
gweywradd  beirdd,  i.  e.,  red  speared  poets.     (2V.  17.) 

Dylan  ail  Ton  (n.  pr.  v.).    Marwnad  Dylan  ail  Ton. 

Dylogau,  a  place  in  Cwm  Ystwyth,  Cardiganshii-e. 

Dylygion,  Eithaf  Dylygion,  one  of  the  two  commots  of  Gwent 
ULwg  in  Monmouthshiie.  Qu.,  Dy  Iwg  or  Dwy  Iwg  ?  Perhaps 
rivers  of  that  name. 

Dymmoo,  Dymock.    Thomas  Dimock. 

Dyndaethwy,  rectfe  Dindaethwy.    Vid.  Tyndaetkwy, 

Dynbvowr:  Q&^Dvnefwr. 

Dyngad,  a  church  in  Herefordshire.     {Powd.) 

Dyngekant  (n.  L).  (Powel,  Caradoc,  p.  169.)  It  should  have 
been  wrote  Dingeravtvt ;  i.  e.,  the  Castle  of  Geraint,  it  being  built 
at  a  place  called  Oilgeraint  in  Dyfed^  on  the  bank  of  the  river 
Teifi.     See  Gilgeraint, 

Dynod.  Caer  Ddynod,  or  Caer  y  Ddynod,  in  the  parish  of 
Llanvihangel,  close  by  the  river  Alwen.  (jK,  Llwyd,)  See  also 
CaerForwyn,  which  is  just  by  this,  on  the  other  side  of  the  river, 
probably  Caer  Forudd,  Caer  Ddynod  should  probably  be  wrote 
Caer  Ddunawd.  Dunawd  Fyr  was  son  of  Pabo  Post  Prydain, 
a  powerful  Prince  in  King  Arthur's  time,  whose  caer  this  might 
be.  It  answers  the  description  of  Caractacus'  camp  in  Tacitus, 
when  he  engaged  Ostorius  Scapula  somewhere  in  this  country  of 
the  Ordovices.     See  Dunawt. 

Dynwennain,  or  Dinwennain,  ym  Mhowys,  llys  meibion  Cyn- 
drwyn.    (E,  Llwyd,)     See  Cynddylan. 

Dynwil  Hir,  the  camp  of  Eeynold  Earl  of  Bristol,  near  Caer- 
marthen,  A.D.  1159  or  60. 

Dybnog  or  Dyfnog  Gawr,  a  Cambrian  Prince  in  the  time  of 
the  Bomans  in  Britain.  Pair  Dyfnog  Gawr  was  one  of  the  thir- 
teen rarities  of  Britain.  In  this  pot  or  boiler,  if  the  meat  of  a 
coward  was  put,  it  would  never  boil ;  but  the  meat  of  a  man  of 
courage  would  boil  immediately.     {MS) 

Clwch  Dymog  in  Anglesey ;  perhaps  Tymog. 

Dyrnwyn,  the  name  of  Rhydderch  Hael's  sword,  one  of  the 
tliirteen  rare  things  or  curiosities  of  the  Me  of  Britain.  Un  o'r 
tri  thlws  ar  ddeg.  Upon  taking  it  out  of  the  scabbard  it  would 
flame  like  fire.  Qu.,  whether  they  knew  the  use  of  phosphorus 
then? 


CELTIC  REMARKS.  151 

DYBYsaLWYN  OT  Tbysolww,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Anglesey. 
—  Lewis,  Esq. 

Dtsgl  a  Gben  Bhjdderch,  one  of  the  thirteen  rarities  of 
Britain.    See  Ebmed. 

Dysgugettawr  (n.  pr.  v.),  Dysgugettawr,  perchen  y  Wen 
Ynys.   TalUsin  apnd  R  Yaughan. 

Dysgwtlfa  (n.  L),  [a  calcareous  mountain  between  Nant  7 
Glo  and  Clydach.— JT.  D.] 

Dtsgyfedawg  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  poet,  father  of  Gall  {Tr.  16)  and  of 
Diffedd  and  of  Ysgafnell  {Tr.  37).  In  Mr.  Llwyd's  book  Dis^- 
vyndod. 

Dysynni,  a  river.    Aberdysynni  in  Meirion. 

Gadr  ei  dy  cedwis  ger  Dissynni 

Gadredd  a  llariedd  a  Uary  roddi. — Llywdyn  Va^dd, 

Dyvir.    Caer  Ddyvir,  al,  Deifr,  Berwick.     {Th.  Williams) 

E. 

Eastyn,  a  church  and  parish  in  Flintshire  dedicated  to  St. 
Cynfar.    Qu.  whether  St.  lestyn  ? 

Ebbeb  Cubnig,  a  monastery  on  the  sea-side,  near  the  borders 
of  Scotland  {BedeX  iv,  c.  16) ;  probably  Abercymig  or  Abercom. 

Ebheawc  :  see  Efroc. 

Ebbain  ach  Eurog  Gadam. 

Eblud.    8c. 

Ebbancub,  falsely  for  Ebraucus. 

Ebbaucub:  QoeSfroc. 

Ebboauc  {Nennim,  Cott.  lib.,  Ox.) :  see  £/roc 

Ectob  ap  Eurog  Gadam. 

ECHEIFIANT  (nomen  loci). 

EcHEL  FoBDDWYTWLL,  father  of  Goronwy.     {Tr.  15.) 

EcHNi,  falsely  fox  Enili  island,  in  Capgrave's  Life  of  St.  Cadoc. 

ECHYBNWG.     8cr. 

Edeibnion,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantre'r  Barwn  in 
Powys  Vadog ;  as  if  you  would  say,  the  lands  of  Edeym  ap 
Cunedda. 

Edelfled  Fflesawc  {Nennius,  c.  65),Eadlfred,  son  of  Ealdric  or 
Eadlfered.  He  was  killed  by  Ysgafnell  ab  Dysgyfedawg.  {Tr.  37.) 


152  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Nennius  calls  the  Pictish  king  whom  Eadlfred  fought  Bridm\ 
perhaps  Aeddan  Fradog.    See  Bede. 

Edenawc  (n.  pr.  v.).     Oruffydd  ap  Owrgeneu. 

Edeybn  (n.  pr.  v.).  Edeyrn  ap  Cunedda  Wledig :  hence  Edeym- 
ion,  a  country,  a  commot  of  Cantre'r  Barwn  in  Powys. 

Edeyrn,  a  parish  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Edeyrn  Dafod  Aur,  a  grammarian  [orator,  and  poet  of  the 
13th  century.—  W,  jD.] 

Edeyrniawn,  the  people  of  Edeyrn,  or  his  clan,  or  tribe,  or 
land. 

Edeyrnion,  a  deanery  of  St.  Asaph ;  seven  parishes. 

Edgar,  a  King  of  England.  Mr.  Camden  (in  Britannia  in 
Cheshire)  tells  us  of  a  triumph  this  King  had  at  Chester  over 
the  British  Princes.  These  are  his  v7ords,  speaking  of  the  city 
of  Chester :  "And  soon  after  saw  King  Edgar  gloriously  triumph- 
ing over  the  British  Princes ;  for  being  seated  in  a  triumphal 
barge,  at  the  foredeck,  Kennadius,  King  of  Scotland ;  Malcolm, 
King  of  Cumberland ;  Macon,  King  of  Man  and  of  the  Islands ; 
with  all  thePrinces  of  Wales, hTOught  to  do  him  homage,  like  barge- 
men rowed  him  up  the  river  Dee,  to  the  great  joy  of  the  specta- 
tors"; and  in  the  margin,  "circ.  an.  960".  This  story  seems  to  me 
to  be  very  lame,  and  to  want  confirmation.  First,  Caradoc,  in  his 
History  of  Wales,  hath  not  a  word  of  his  triumph ;  nor  Dr.  Powel 
in  his  Notes,  who  only  mentions  this  tribute  of  the  wolves  agreed 
upon  about  this  time.  Whoever  worded  this  story  did  not  know 
the  names  of  the  Princes  of  Wales  that  reigned  then,  nor  how 
many  there  were  of  them,  and  only  says  "  all  the  Princes  of 
Wales".  Caradoc,  in  the  space  between  the  years  958  and  961,  . 
tells  us,  "  In  those  days  laco  and  leuaf  (two  brothers)  by  force 
and  strength  ruled  all  Wales  as  they  thought  good.''  Then  all 
the  Princes  of  Wales  were  but  two,  which  with  the  three  other 
Princes  before  mentioned  made  five.  They  should  have  had  six 
Princes  to  make  it  a  six-oar  barge.  But  how  came  Princes  to 
understand  handling  the  oar  so  well  as  to  row  against  the  stream 
up  the  river  Dee  ?  Kings  and  Princes  are  very  little  used  to  row- 
ing ;  and  I  believe  if  the  experiment  was  tried  upon  even  five 
country  esquires  to  row  a  barge  up  the  river  Dee,  they  would  be 
more  apt  to  go  down  the  river  than  up.  Again,  how  happened  it  to 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  153 

the  great  joy  of  the  spectators  ?  All  the  spectators  were  not 
Saxons.  If  there  were  British  princes  there,  they  had  a  great 
many  attendants  that  were  all  spectators;  but  it  was  not  to 
"  their  great  joy".  Therefore  the  story  should  be  gilt  to  make  it 
more  easily  swallowed. 

Edlin,  the  heir  to  the  crown.  Hdlin  brairU  neu  eni,  an  heir 
by  privilege,  or  born.  Spelman's  Glossary  by  mistake  writes  this 
Breint  eric,  from  an  old  Latin  MS.  of  the  Laws  of  Howel  Dda  ; 
where  he  also  writes  Vrchrichiad  for  gwrthrychiadj  an  heir.  See 
Spelman*s  Glossary  in  Adelingv^, 

Edmund,  Earl  of  Richmond.     See  Owen  Tudur, 

Edni.     Llan  Edni. 

Owain  ydyw  o  Llan  Edni. — Ie\ian  Deulwyn, 

Ednob,  the  lordship  of  Edenhope,  near  Bishop's  Castle  in 

Shropshire. 

Yu  amwyn  Ednob  ednaint  ar  gnes 

Yn  lladd  esgarant  pan  esgores. 
Gynddelw^  in  Marwnad  Gadwallawn  ap  Madawg. 

The  Castle  of  Edenhope,  besieged  by  the  Bomans  and  defended 
by  Cadwallawn. 

Ednyfed,  an  old  British  name  of  men. 

Ednyfed  Vychan,  Baron  of  Bryn  Ffenigl,  was  a  man  of  great 

power  in  Wales  about  the  year  1200.    He  was  of  the  privy 

council  to  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth ;  and  his  wife  was  Gwenllian, 

daughter  to  Rhys  ap  GrufFudd,  Prince  of  South  Wales.     (Powel, 

Car,,  p.  249.)     He  had  a  son  called  GrufFudd,  who  was  obliged 

to  flee  his  country  on  a  suspicion  of  an  amour  with  the  Princess 

;  and  we  have  extant  his  father's  advice  to  him  in  excellent 

poetry : 

Bydd  ddilesg,  Gruffndd,  bydd  dQech 

Ag  na  ddilyn  eiddilwch 

0  ddolar  bydd  eiddilach 

O  Ddulyn  oni  ddelych. — Edn,  Vychan  a'i  c&nt. 

[See  G.  0.  Harry's  Pedigrees,  whether  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth  had 
a  daughter. —  W,  2>.] 

Ednyfed Awc  or  Ednyfedog  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Ednywain  Bendew  ap  Eginir  ap  Gollwyn,  lord  of  Englefield, 

20 


164  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

one  of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales,  bore  argent,  a  chevron 
sable  between  three  boars'  heads  of  the  second. 

Ednywain  ap  Bradwen,  of  Uys  Bradwen  near  Dolgelleu,  one 
of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales,  lived  about  a.d.  1194, 
Bore  guleSt  three  serpents  enowed  argent, 

Edryd  Wallthir,  a  name  given  by  the  Britains  to  Eadred 
Duke  of  Mercia,  who  fought  the  Britains  at  Gwaith  Cymryd 
Conwy,  A.D.  880. 

Edryd  ap  Nethan  [Tref  Edryd  near  MathravaL —  W,  D,\ 

Edrywi  (n.  pr.  v.).  Traeth  Edrywi.  Carreg  Edrywi  is  in  New- 
port, Pembrokeshire. 

Edvedd  ap  Sedd  Gyfedd  o  Frecheiniog. 

Edw  (fl.) :  hence  Aberedw. 

Edwal  ap  Gruflfudd  ap  Cynan,  abbot  of  Penmon.  {Garadoc  in 
Gruff,  ap  Cynan.) 

Edwal  Foel,  made  Prince  of  Wales,  a.d.  916,  son  of  Anarawd. 
{Caradoc) 

Edwin  ap  Gronwy  (called  King  of  Englefield),  one  of  the 
Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales,  ap  Owen  ap  Hywel  Dda  ap  Cad- 
ell  ap  Rhodri  Mawr,  lived  at  Uys  Uaneurgain,  an.  1040.  Bore 
argent,  a  cross  floiy  engrailed  sable  between  four  Cornish  choughs. 

Edwin,  son  of  Howel  Dda.     (Caradoc,  p.  58.) 

Edwin  or  Edwyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  British  name.  A  King  of  the 
Saxons  of  this  name,  bom  and  brought  up  in  Cadvan's  court  in 
Anglesey,  with  Cadwallon,  his  father  Edelfled  having  turned  oflF 
his  mother,  who  took  refuge,  and  was  brought  to  bed  in  Cad- 
van's  court.    Edwin  and  Cadval were  sent  by  Cad  van  to 

King  of  Armorica,  to  be  brought  up  in  feats  of  arms.  {Brut 

TyssUio.)  The  Triades  call  Edwin  "  un  o  dair  gormes  Mon  a 
fagwyd  ynddi"  (Tr.  81),  i.  e.,  one  of  the  three  molesters  of 
Anglesey  that  were  bom  in  it.    It  is  a  British  name. 

Nerth  drad  Gasswallon  wrth  drin 

Nen  Edwin  a  wnae  adwy. 
See  Edwin  ap  Gronwy, 

Edwy  river  falls  into  the  Machawy  river  at  Aberedwy,  Breck- 
nockshire (q.  d.  Ehedwy,  from  elutd,  to  fly).  (E.  Zluyd.)  See 
Aedwy, 

Edwyn,  King  of  the  Picts,  died  a.d.  736.  (Powel,  Caradoc, 
p.  15.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  155 

Edykn,  vel  Edeym,  qu.  ? 

Efelffre,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  cantref  Daugleddeu 
in  Pembrokeshire.  Qu.,  whether  Y  Vdffri  is  from  hence ;  or 
Y  Vil  Vre,  the  honey-mount  ?  [Qu.,  Vfelfre,  the  fiery  moun- 
tain ?—»r.i>.] 

Efell,  Angl.,  a  twin.     Cynfrig  Efell. 

Efyknwy  or  Efernwy  (fl.)  or  Y  Fumwy,  or  Furnwy,  falls  into 
the  Severn. 

Efiliau  (n.  pr.  f.).  Efiliau,  wife  of  Wydyr  Drwm,  noted  for 
a  chaste  wife.  (Tr.  55.) 

Efionydd,  a  part  of  Caernarvonshire,  or  JSiddionydd ;  also 
Efionuddf  but  not  right. 

Och  fyned  nwch  Efionndd 

Ceirw  da  *ngh6r  Cowrda  'nghndd. — Hywel  BsinalU. 

Ni  chawn  odid  ddawn  byd  Eiddionydd. — Tudur  Aled. 

Efnvdd  neu  Eukudd  ap  Alan  ap  Alser. 

Efnydd  (n.  pr.  v.).  Efnydd  ap  Clydawc  died  a.d.  936.  {Oar- 
ad,,  p.  51.) 

Efnydd  ap  Morrier,  one  of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales. 
In  another  book  thus :  Efnydd  ap  Gwerngwy  in  Dyflftyn  Clwyd, 
and  lord  thereof,  lived  in  the  time  of  Bleddyn  ap  Cynfyn,  of 
whom  he  had  this  coat  for  his  services  in  the  wars  with  the  Sax- 
ons :  azure,  a  lion  rampant  or.  One  Efiiydd,  a  prince,  I  suppose, 
waa  slain  in  Arwystli,  a.d.  900.    (Powel,  Oarad,,  p.  43.) 

Efeawc  :  see  Hfrog. 

Efrei,  Gw^  Efrei,  Jews,  Hebrews. 

Efroc,  Efrog,  Ebhrawc,  Evrawc,  and  Evravc  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  Lat., 
Ebrautnis. 

Efroc  Gadarn,  the  fifth  King  of  Britain.  He  had  twenty 
sons  and  thirty  daughters.  Built  Caer  Efroc,  now  York,  and 
made  some  conquests  in  GauL  Beigned  thirty-nine  years. 
(Usher's  Cat,,  Efrog ;  Triades,  Catalogue  of  Cities,  Caer  Efrawc.) 

Egbert,  King  of  the  West  Saxons,  who  in  the  ninth  century 
(a.d.  827)  brought  the  Saxon  heptarchy  unde>r  one  crown,  and 
called  them  by  the  name  of  English,  and  their  country  England. 
About  100  years  afterwards  the  Danes  conquered  the  Englisli, 
and  kept  the  crown  for  some  time.     About  100  years  after  that 


166  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

the  Normans  conquered  England,  and  demolished  most  of  the 
English  nobility,  so  that  what  remains  of  great  families  in 
Britain  are  either  ancient  Britains  or  Normans. 

Eginir  ap  Gollwyn. 

Eginoc,  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Caermarthenshire. 

Eglwys  Wen  (Yr),  i.  e.,  Whitchurch,  Candida  Oa^sa,  built  by 
Nynias,  the  Britain,  in  the  country  of  the  Bemicians,  or  Southern 
Picts.     (Bede,  1.  iii,  c.  14) 

Egri  (n.  pr.  v.).  Egri  o  Dalybolion  ym  M8n,  A.D.  550  {Arch. 
Brit,  257)  :  hence  Bodegri,  Anglesey. 

Egbyn  (n.  pr.  v,).  Egryn  ap  Gwrydr  Drwm.  Ilanegryn, 
Meirion.     See  Llwyn  Egryn, 

Egwad  Sant.  lianegwad,  Carmarthenshire.  WUiam  Egwad, 
the  poet,  had  his  cognomen  from  hence ;  lived  ad.  1480. 

Egwest  or  Egwestl.  Camden  calls  it  a  small  monastery  of 
Llan  Egwest.  Llanegwest,  in  Latin  Valle  Gnicis,  an  abbey  near 
Llangollen,  Denbighshire,  built  a.d.  1200.  John  Llwyd,  arglwydd 
abad. 

Ehedog.    Moel  Ehedog,  a  high  mountain  in  Caernarvonshire. 

EiDAL,  Eydal,  Italy,  Italia. 

EiDOL  or  Eidiol  ap  Evrog  Gadarn. 

EiDOL  ap  Arthfael,  the  63rd  King  of  Britain ;  Latinized  Aido* 
Ins. 

EiDRUL,  Hfleturia  [Hetruria  or  Etruria  ?]. 

EiDYN  (n.  pr.  v.).  Eidyn,  mab  Einygan,  a  laddodd  Aneurin. 
(Tr.  38.) 

EiDDiLic  CoRR,  one  of  the  three  noted  philosophers  {Tr.  31) ; 
in  another  place,  Givyddyl  Govt.  Perhaps  Eiddilic  should  have 
been  Gwyddelig,  i,  e.,  Irish. 

ElPDIONYDD  {E,  Llwyd),  a  country  or  commot  commonly  called 
Eifionyddf  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Ni  chawn  odid  ddawn  hyd  Eiddionydd. — Tudur  Aled. 
See  Eifionydd, 

EiDDON  ap  Idnerth;  in  another  place,  Iddo  ap  Idnerth  ap 
Edryd. 

ElDDUN.  Cad  Eiddun.  Cledr  cedeym  cad  Eiddun.  (Cynddelw.) 

ElDDYN,  Dinas  Eiddyn,  Edenborough.  See  Penrhyn  Khionedd. 

ElFFT,  for  Aipht,  Egypt. 


CJEILTIC  REMAINS.  157 

EinoN  (n.  pr.  v.  ?).    See  Ndfion, 

Nofiad  a  wnaeth  hen  Eifion 

O  Droia  fawr  draw  i  Fon. — Dafydd  ap  Gwilym. 

EiFiONYDD  (wrote  also  Eiddionydd  and  Efionydd,  and  pro- 
nounced YJionydd),  one  of  the  two  commots  of  Dunodic  in  Caer- 
narvonshire ;  the  other,  in  old  times,  being  Ardudwy. 

Ni  ohawn  odid  ddawn  hjd  Eiddionydd. — Tudur  Aled. 
See  JEifian, 

EiFL  (Yr),  wrote  also  Yr  Eifyl  or  Yr  Eiffyl,  a  high  mountain 
on  the  sea-coast  of  Caernarvonshire.  On  the  top  of  one  of  its 
three  heads  is  a  surprising  fort  of  vast  stones.  I  read  in  an  old 
MS.  that  the  Princes  of  Scotland,  upon  the  defeat  and  death  of 
their  countryman,  Elidir  Mwynfawr,  killed  by  Bhun  ap  Mael- 
gwn,  landed  their  forces,  and  burnt  the  country  from  the  Eifl  to 
Hergjm  [Erging,  Urchenfield. —  W.  J9.]. 

EiGRAD  Sant.    Llaneigrad,  a  church  in  Anglesey. 

EiGYE  and  EiGR,  verch  Amlawdd  Wledig  ap  Cynwal. 

EiGYR,  the  mother  of  Arthur,  King  of  Britain. 

EiLON  ap  Dogvael  Dogveiling, 

EiLLiON.     Caer  Eillion  in  Powys.     {Qweylgorddau  Potoys.) 

EiLLT.  Cynddelw  a  gant  y  3  Englyn  hyn  i  Fab  Eillt  o  Lan- 
sadwm  a'i  enw  Pyll.     (MS.) 

EiNiAWN,  or  Eneon,  Einion,  Eingion,  and  Engan,  or,  as  Cam- 
den writes  it,  Enion,  is  a  British  proper  name  of  men,  which  he 
says  the  British  Glossary  translateth  JusUis;  but  there  is  no 
such  glossary.  It  is  true  that  uniavm  in  the  British  tongue  sig- 
nifies straight  or  just,  though  not  enion.  But  the  name  Einiawn, 
as  it  is  pronounced  Eingion,  seems  to  have  the  signification  of 
the  word  eingion,  that  is,  a  smith's  anvil, — a  name  not  improper 
in  an  age  of  war,  to  a  man  able  to  bear  strokes.  Einion  fab  Bed 
Brenhin  Cernyw.    {Tr,  75.) 

EiNiAWN  ap  Arthal  ap  Morudd  was  the  name  of  the  40th 
King  of  Britain,  which  was  about  200  years  before  the  birth  of 
Christ. 

Einion  ap  Maelgwn  Gwjmedd. 

Einion  ap  Gwalchmai. 

Einion  ap  Morgan  ap  Arthel,  King  of  Britain,  the  13th  after 
Brutus. 


u 


158  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

EiNiON  Sais  ap  Rhys  ap  Howel.     Scr. 

EiNiON  Yrth,  lord  of  Gaereinion,  one  of  the  eight  sons  of 
Cunedda  Wledig  who  were  drove  out  of  the  country  by  the  Scots, 
A.D.  440.    Llaneingion  Frenin  yn  Lleyn.     Annianus  ? 

EiNON  ap  Owen  ap  Howel  Dda. 

EinuddotEfnydd  apGwerngwy.  SeeJEfnydd.  Hunuddverch 
Einudd. 

EiNWS  ap  leuan  Ilwyd. 

EiRA  Mawr  a  barhaodd  o  ddydd  Enwaediad  hyd  Wyl  Badrig, 
yn  amser  GrufiF.  ap  Llewelyn.  {MS,) 

EiRCH  or  Erch,  a  river  in  Caernarvonshire.  Abereirch,  vulg6 
Berach.    St.  Cawrda  ? 

[Bwriais  naid  hyd  Abererch, 

Llan  yw  hon  ar  afon  Erch. — Oro.  Owain,     W,  D.] 

Eirif  (n.  pr.  v.),  father  of  Llawr,  and  is  probably  a  Norman 
name.     (2V.  72.) 

EiRlOEW.    Scr. 

EiRYRi  or  EiRYRiw,  Snowdown  Mountains  in  North  Wales. 
Humphrey  Uwyd  writes  it  Eiryri,  and  explains  it  Niviferos ; 
but  why  did  not  Camden  own  where  he  had  this  derivation  ? 
See  Eryreu,  (See  Brit,  Descr.  Oowi.,  p.  82).  Llywarch  Brydydd 
y  Moch  seems  to  derive  the  name  of  the  mountain  from  eryron 
(eagles) : 

Dadeni  haelion 
O  hil  Eryron  o  Ery ri.  —P.  M, 

EiTTUN,  enw  lie.  Gwenllys  Eittun.  {Gr,  Dafydd  ah  Tudur) 
[Eytyn  o  Eytyn ;  Eyton  of  Eyton,  near  Ehiwabon.  Sion  ab  Elis 
Eytyn,  the  Bosworth  soldier.  He  lived  at  Ehiwabon,  afterwards 
Watstay,  and  now  called  Wynnstay. —  W,  i>.] 

EiTHA  COTHWYR,  it  secms,  was  the  British  name  of  the  inha- 
bitants of  the  Hebrides,  which  signifies  extreme  old  inhabitants, 
who  might  be  part  of  the  first  planters  of  Britain.  They  are 
called  in  Eumenius'  panegyric  to  Constantius  Atta  Gotti.  See 
Brit.  Dcscr.,  p.  59. 

EiTHON  (Din  Eithon  ?),  a  river.  See  Ithon  and  leithon.  [Caer 
wythochrog  ar  Ian  Eithawn. — W,  2>.] 

EiTHRAS  0  Lydaw.     Sc. 

Elaetii  Frenhin  ap  Meuric. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  159 

Elaeth,  a  poet  of  the  fifth  or  sixth  century.  Mr.  Edward 
Uwyd  says  he  is  author  of  Englynion  y  Beddau  (he  wrote  near 
the  time  of  Uywarch  Hen) ;  but  in  p.  258,  Englynion  y  Beddau 
are  given  to  TaUeain  by  William  Maurice. 

Elays,  a  river,  qu.  ?  Penrhyn  ar  Elays,  one  of  three  commots 
of  Arberth  in  Dyfed.     (Price's  DescripL) 

Elbeth.    Wiliam  arglwydd  Elbeth  o  N ormandi. 

Elbodus  (Elfod).  Leland  says  that  he  quashed  the  Arian 
and  Pelagian  heresies,  settled  the  time  of  Easter,  and  was  Bishop 
of  Gwynedd  (Venetorum) ;  that  he  was  acquainted  with  those 
two  learned  men,  Nennius  and  Samuel.  This  was  probably  the 
Elvodugus  whom  Nennius  mentions  as  his  patron. 

Eleias  Ledwyr  0  Lydaw. 

Elemon.     Caer  Elemon  {NennivJ).    See  Selemion. 

Elen,  a  river  that  runs  into  the  Gwy.  Pont  ar  Elen;  Cwm 
Elen.  \Elain  (a  doe),  swift  or  rapid.  Pont  ar  Elain ;  Cwm 
Elain,  near  Ehaiadr  Gwy. —  W,  D!\ 

Elen  (n.  pr.  f.),  Helena. 

Elen  verch  Eudaf,  Helen,  the  daughter  of  Octavius,  who  was 
married  to  Macsen  Wledig,  Emperor  of  Bome.  She  was  sur- 
named  Ehn  iMtddog,  or  the  Warlike,  on  account  of  the  vast  army 
sent  over  to  Armorica  in  her  time,  under  the  command  of  Cynan 
Meriadoc.  The  British  copy  of  Tyssilio  mentions  her  by  name ; 
but  the  Latin  of  Galfrid  doth  not,  the  two  Helens,  I  suppose, 
having  confounded  him.  This  last  Helen  is  called  in  the  Triades 
Helen  Lueddog,  and  not  Lwyddog,  as  some  ignorant  writei'S  would 
have  it.     See  Eleriy  daughter  of  CoeL 

Elen,  the  daughter  of  Coel,  King  of  Britain,  who  was  married 
to  Constantius  Chlorus,  and  was  the  mother  of  Constantinus 
Magnus,  the  Emperor.  This  Elen  was  called  Elen  Lioyddog,  or 
the  Prosperous,  because  it  is  said  she  found  the  cross  of  Christ. 
She  was  also  called  Elen  Fannog,  i,  «.,  the  Famous  or  Noted. 
She  is  by  some  confounded  with  Elen  Lueddog.  She  was  bom 
about  the  year  250,  at  York,  or  London,  or  Colchester ;  which 
latter  was  called  after  Coel,  her  father,  a  British  king.  Constan- 
tius took  her  to  wife,  and  Constantine  the  Great,  her  son,  was 
bom  AD.  274.  Theodoret  says  {Hist.  Eccl,  1.  i,  c.  14)  that  she 
brought  her  son  up  in  Christian  piety  ;  but  Eusebius  (1.  i,  c.  47) 


160  CELTIC  EEMAINS. 

seems  to  say  she  was  not  herself  a  Christian  till  her  son  was 
converted  by  the  sight  of  a  cross  in  the  heavens  when  he  marched 
against  the  tyrant  Maxentius.  She  went  to  visit  the  Holy  Land 
by  divine  instinct,  and  found  the  cross  of  Christ.  (Brit.  Sonet,) 
Constantine  called  her  to  his  court,  and  declared  her  Augusta 
or  Empress.  Rufinus  (L  x,  c.  7)  says  she  was  a  most  fervent 
Christian.  St.  Gregory  the  Great  says  (L  ix,  Epist,  c.  9)  she 
was  incomparable  for  religion  and  goodness.  She  was  buried  at 
Borne  about  a.d.  328. 

Elenis  (n.  L). 

Elerch,  a  river  in  Geneu'r  Glyn,  Cardiganshire,  falls  into 
Eleri. 

Eleki  (St.),  daughter  of  Brychan,  wife  of  Caredig  Ceredigion, 
and  mother  of  Sant,  father  of  DewL    (Ach  Gyiiog.) 

Eleri  (fl.),  vulg6  Leri.    Glan  Leri.    Aber  Leri,  Cardiganshire. 

Elerius  (St),  brought  up  at  lianelwy,  and  founded  a  monas- 
tery at  Gwytherin  in  Dyflfryn  Clwyd,  of  which  he  was  abbot. 
He  wrote  the  Life  of  St.  Winifred,  whose  first  name  was  Brewa 
{Brit,  SancL),  rectfe  Gwenfrewi ;  and  Leland  calls  her  Guenvreda 
{Script  Brit,  c.  49).     Brought  up  by  Beuno. 

Qu,  whether  liar  (Uanilar)  be  this  Elerius,  or  perhaps  Geler  ? 
Dr.  Fleetwood  denies  that  Elerius  wrote  her  Life, 

Elestron  ap  Don  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Eleth  Santes.  Cappel  Eleth  in  the  parish  of  Amlwch,  Anglesy. 

Elfael,  a  castle  in  Maelienydd,  belonging  to  Cadwallon  ap 

Madog  ap  Idnerth,  whose  sons  were  drove  out  of  that  country 

by  Balph  Mortimer,  a.d.  1194,  when  he  built  the  castle  of  Cym- 

aron. 

Yn  amwyn  Elfael  pan  wnaeth  Elfed 

Elfydden  greulawn  elfydd  grenled. 

Cyndddw,  in  Marwnad  Cad.  ap  Madog* 
See  Elfed, 

Elfael.     leuan  ap  Ehys  ap  Ivor  o  Elvael. 

Elfan  Powys,  brother  of  Cynddylan.  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Cyn- 
ddylan.) 

Elfed  (n.  1.),  qu.  a  river?  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Cadwallon's  Elegy.) 
Cynwyl  Elfed,  Carmarthenshire.     See  Elfael. 

Elfyw  (n.  pr.  v.).  Cwmrawd  mab  Elfyw,  one  of  the  four  com- 
niots  of  Cantref  Mawr,  in  Caermarthenshire.     (Price's  Dcscript) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  161 

Elgan  Wefl  Hwch  ap  Cynan  Archeaad.  In  another  place, 
Elgan  Wefl  Ffloch  ap  Arthnael. 

Elgno  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Pwylles  i  pan  las  Elgno. 

Lhjwarch  Een,  Marwnad  Urien  Reged. 
Elgud  ap  Cadfarch  o  L^n. 

Elgwy  (fl.),  wrote  anciently  for  Elivy.    (E,  Llwi/d.) 
Eli,  enw  lie  ym  Mhowys. 

Eryr  Eli,  echeidw  myr. 

Llywarch  Hen,  in  Marwnad  Cynddylan. 
Eryr  Pengarn. — Llywarch  Eeti, 
Eryr  Eli  ban  i  lief. 

Llywarch  Hen,  in  Marwnad  Cynddylan. 

Eli,  a  river  (Camden  in  Glamorgan) ;  in  Morden's  Map,  Elay ; 
Elay,  mentioned  in  the  Hist  Larid,    {Camden,) 

Eli.  Ynys  Eli,  the  Isle  of  Ely  in  Cambridgeshire  ;  so  called, 
as  Bede  says,  from  the  plenty  of  eels  there.  But  query  whether 
a  British  name,  Elwy  or  Aelwy  ?  See  Eli  in  Marwnad  Cyn- 
ddylan by  Llywarch  Hen. 

Elian  (St.).  In  our  old  genealogies  he  is  called  Elian  Ceim- 
iad  ap  Alldud  Redegawg  ap  Carcludwys,  Qu.  whether  his  father 
is  the  same  with  St.  Elltyd,  who  was  the  famous  Iltutus  that 
erected  a  college  in  Morganwg,  and  preserved  the  religion  and 
learning  of  the  Britons  from  ruin  upon  the  Saxons  first  coming 
and  conquering  Lloegria  j  and  was  the  instructor  of  St.  David, 
St.  Paul  de  Leon,  St.  Sampson,  St.  Teilo,  Gildas. 

The  Legend  of  St,  Elian  says  that  he  and  his  family  and  efifects 

came  by  sea  from  Eome,  and  landed  in  Anglesey  at  Forth  yr 

Ychen,  and  hard  by  there  built  his  church.     This  is  said  to  be 

in  the  time  of  CaswaUon  Law  Hir,  the  father  of  Maelgwn 

Gwynedd. 

Elian  a  berai  wylo 

O  lid  am  ei  fnwch  a*i  lo 

Fe  wnaeth  yn  ddall  Gaswallon 

Arglwydd  mawr  ar  ogledd  Mon. 

See  Rowlands'  Mona  Antiqua. 

By  oral  tradition,  Elian  had  a  young  doe  which  he  brought  up 

tame,  and  the  lord  of  that  country  gave  him  as  much  land  to  his 

church  as  the  doe  would  compass  in  a  day.  The  tradition  doth  not 

21 


162  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

say  how  the  doe  was  drove  to  compass  the  ground ;  but  it  hap- 
pened in  her  marking  out  her  lord's  ground  that  the  greyhound  of 
some  rich  man  of  the  neighbourhood  disturbed  or  killed  the  doe, 
upon  which  St  Elian  in  great  wrath  pronounced  it  a  judgment 
on  the  inhabitants  of  that  parish,  that  none  of  them  should  keep 
a  greyhound  to  the  end  of  the  world ;  and  his  sentence  is  come 
to  pass,  for  none  of  the  parishioners  are  able  to  keep  a  grey- 
hound,— ^they  are  so  very  poor,  the  ground  is  so  very  rocky. 

The  marks  of  the  feet  of  St.  Elian's  oxen  are  shewn  in  the 
rocks  where  he  landed,  and  the  history  of  the  doe  is  still  pre- 
served in  painted  glass  on  one  of  the  windows  of  the  church. 

How  this  Elian  came  to  be  called  Hilary  I  cannot  telL  There 
is  a  small  promontory  near  the  church  called  by  seamen  Hilary's 
Pointy  but  by  the  natives  it  is  called  Trwyn  y  Bahg  or  Balawg, 
which  is  an  ancient  name  (I  don't  doubt)  older  than  Elian.  But 
they  have  also  among  their  coasters  a  bastard  English  name  given 
it  when  the  island  was  in  the  possession  of  the  English,  which 
is  Pwynt  yr  Ldnws,  i,  e,,  -^lianus'  Point ;  and  this  shews  that 
Hilary  hath  no  claim  at  all  to  this  place.  There  is  a  place  in 
the  same  parish  called  lihos  Manach,  i.  e.,  the  Monk's  Ross,  which 
shews  that  there  was  a  cell  of  monks  at  Llan  Elian ;  a  bog  also, 
called  Cors  Mian,  retains  its  name  to  this  day. 

There  is  in  the  church  (which  is  a  grand  piece  of  building)  an 
appartment  which  to  this  day  is  called  myvyr,  which  is  an  anti- 
quated word  for  a  library :  from  hence  comes  myfyrdod,  study ; 
myfyrio,  to  study. 

I  have  a  copy  of  a  grant  of  lands  and  privileges  said  to  have 
been  made  by  Caswallon  Law  Hir  to  St.  Hilarius.  It  is  said  to 
have  been  confirmed  by  Edward  IV,  a.d.  1465. 

Elian  seems  to  have  been  his  first  Welsh  name,  and  Hilary  or 
Hilarius  his  ecclesiastical  name  given  by  the  Pope  on  preferring 
him  to  some  high  post  in  the  Church ;  and  the  addition,  or  sur- 
name, Ceimiad,  for  his  being  a  traveller  (k  cammu)  ;  so  Beuno 

Geimiad. 

Cymorth  gan  Elian  Ceimiad. 

There  are  several  churches  dedicated  to  him :  Llaneh'an  yn  Ehos, 
a  parish  and  church,  Denbighsliire ;  Llanelian,  Anglesey,  formerly 
a  monastery  or  college ;  Mynydd  Elian,  hard  by;  and  Porth  Elian. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  163 

Eliban  (St.).     Llanelidan,  Denbighshire. 

Elidir,  the  82nd  King  of  Britain,  called  Blidir  War^  the  mild. 

Elidir  Lydanwyn  ap  Meirchion,  father  of  Uywarch  Hen. 
(JV.  14.) 

Elidir  Mwynfawr,  a  North  Briton  that  claimed  the  govern- 
ment of  Wales  from  Ehun  ap  Maelgwn,  and  entered  upon  his 
land  in  Caernarvonshire,  and  was  killed  at  Abemefydd.  Hence 
Camedd  Elidir ,  a  mountain  near  Llanberis,  took  its  name.  {M8. 
and  Tr) 

Elidir  Sais,  a  native  of  Anglesey,  a  sound  poet  of  the  13th 

century. 

Da  Elidir  gwir  gwarant,  &o. 

Gwr  o  ddoethion  Men,  mynwes  eigiawn. 

Elifer  Gosgorddfawr  {Tr,  Meirch,  1),  i.  6.,  Elifer  with  the 
great  guard  [clan —  W.  Z>.]  ;  wrote  also  Eliffer  and  Oliver  {Tr.  y 
Meirchy  1),  but  by  Dr.  Davies  {Gram.,  p.  161),  Elider  Gosgorfawr. 
He  married  Eurddul,  sister  of  Urien  Eeged,  and  daughter  of 
Cynfarch  Hen.  {Tr.  52.)  Gwrgi,  Peredur,  and  Ceindrech  Pen- 
asgell,  were  three  children  of  his  at  one  birth.  {Tr.  52.)  But 
somebody  told  Camden  it  was  Heliodor,  the  great  housekeeper, 
and  he  turns  it  to  Coscorvaur, — which  hath  no  meaning  at  all. 
Thus  it  is  when  authors  pretend  to  explain  a  language  unknown 
to  them,  or  take  those  explanations  from  an  ignorant  native 
who  may  know  as  much  of  the  grounds  and  foundations  of  his 
language  as  his  horse  does.     See  Oliver. 

Eliffri  (n.  pr.  v.). 

G^nt  cant  ei  moliant  mal  Eliffri. 

Eign.  wp  Gwodchmai,  to  Nest. 

Elis,  a  modem  name,  and  also  a  surname,  wrote  Ellis. 

Elise  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  common  name  among  the  Britains ;  but 
qu.  whether  from  Ellis  (which  Camden  says  is  corrupted  from 
Elia^,  Heb.,  Lord  God)  or  from  Elijah ;  or  perhaps  of  British 
original,  as  Elmur,  Elidir,  Elgno,  &c.  It  is  pronounced  El-i-se, 
in  three  syllables. 

Elisseu,  qu.  an  idem  quod  Elisha  vel  Eliseios  (Heb.)  ? 

Eliwlod  (n.  pr.  v,).  Eliwlod,  mab  Madog  ap  Uthur,  a  nephew 
of  King  Arthur,  and  for  his  oratory  called  the  Golden-tongued 
Knight    {Tr.  82.)     There  is  a  poem  extant,  a  dialogue  between 


164  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

him  and  Arthur,  where  the  poet  feigns  this  Eliwlod  to  be  in  the 
shape  of  an  eagle,  appearing  to  the  King  after  his  death.  *'  Ym- 
ddiddan  rhwng  Arthur  a'r  Eryr." 

Eliwys  ap  Owain  Cyfeiliog. 

Ellemenig  (n.  pr.  v.).    {Tr,  y  Meirch,  7.)     See  Llemenig, 

Elli.    Llanelli,  Caermarthenshire,  a  village.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Elliw  or  EvELLiw  (n.  pr.  f.),  daughter  of  Cadivor  ap  Collwyn. 
{CaradoCy  p.  182.) 

Elliw,  verch  Owain  ap  Dafydd. 

Ellmyn,  Lat.  Alemanni,  Germans.  Dr.  Davies  derives  it  from 
ally  Lat.  aliiis.  The  Ellmyn  were  those  Germans  that  inhabited 
from  the  Ehine  to  the  Danube  and  Main.     See  Allmyn. 

Elltyd  Sant,  i.  e.,  St.  Iltutus,  Abbot.  Qu.,  whether  Alltud 
Eedegwg  ?  Llanelltyd  Church  is  near  Dolgelleu.  He  had  a 
monastery  in  Glamorganshire.  His  acts  are  in  Capgrave.  See 
Usher's  Antiq,,  p.  252.  He  was  son  of  Bicanus,  a  knight,  by  his 
wife  Riemguilida,  daughter  to  a  King  of  Armorica ;  served  in 
the  wars  under  his  kinsman.  King  Arthur ;  then  going  to  the 
court  of  the  King  of  Glamorgan,  married  a  lady  of  quality ;  and 
by  the  persuasion  of  St.  Cadoc,  Abbot  of  Llangarvan,  parted  with 
his  wife,  and  accepted  of  the  tonsure  of  St.  Dubricius,  and  resided 
on  the  sea-coast  at  Llan  Iltud,  now  called  Lantwit,  where  he 
founded  a  monastery  and  opened  a  school.  His  scholars  were 
Samson,  Maglorius,  St.  Paul  de  Leon,  Gildas,  and  St.  David. 
Left  his  school  to  a  disciple,  Isam ;  retired  to  a  cave,  thence  to 
Armorica,  and  died  at  Dole.     {Brit.  Sanct,  Nov.  6.) 

Ellyll  Ednyuedawc  Drythyll  {2V,  70),  un  o'r  tri  Gwydd 
Ellyll.  Qu.  what  this  Ellyll  was  ?  Gwydd  Ellyll  may  be  one 
of  the  spirits  of  the  wood,  in  the  nature  of  the  Dryades,  or  per- 
haps a  wood-rover. 

Elmur,  mab  Cadeir,  one  of  the  three  Tarw  Unben.  {Tr.  13.) 

Elnoc  Sant  o  Gaergybi.     Qu.  whether  Elvot  ? 

Elphin  ap  Gwyddno  Goronir,  lord  of  Cantre  Gwaelod,  was  the 
patron  of  the  poet  Taliesin. 

Ac  yn  armes  Taliesin 
Drud  yn  Llys  Faelgwn  fuV  drin 
Pan  ollyngawdd  medrawdd  mwy 
Elphin  0  eurin  aerwy. — LI,  M,  y  Pantri. 
See  Elphin  in  LI.  H. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  165 

Elphin  ap  Urien  ap  Oynfarch. 

Elisabeth  and  Elsbbth  (and  so  they  pronounce  in  the  north 
of  England),  id.  quod  Angl.  Elizabeth. 

Eluned  (Sant)  verch  Brychan  yugorsebawl,  neu  Crug  gors- 
eddawl. 

Eluned,  cariad  Ywein  ap  Urien.  Modnoy  Muned  was  one  of 
the  13  tlws  Ynys  Prydain.  The  stone  in  it  had  the  virtues  of 
Gyges'  ring.  It  would  conceal  the  man  that  would  conceal  it ; 
meaning  secresy  in  love  affairs, 

Eluther,  the  name  of  a  Pope  said  to  be  at  Rome  when  Lies 
ap  Coel,  King  of  Britain,  sent  to  him  for  preachers  to  propagate 
the  Christian  faith.  This  was  before  the  year  156,  as  the  British 
copy  of  Tyssilio  has  it.  Latin  writers  call  him  Elutherius  or 
Elutherus.     See  Usher's  Primordia,  p.  34. 

Elved,  name  of  a  place.  Cynwyl  Elved,  a  place  in  Caermar- 
thenshire.  See  the  quotation  of  Cynddelw  in  Elfael.  Uywarch 
Hen,  in  Marwnad  Cadwallon,  mentions  a  place  of  this  name. 
Nennius  says  (c  65)  that  Edguin  reigned  seventeen  years,  occu- 
pied Elmety  and  turned  out  Certec,  King  of  that  country.  See 
Tyssilio,  in  Braint's  speech  to  Cadwallon.  Gale,  in  his  notes  on 
Nennius,  says  that  Elmet  is  in  Yorkshire,  near  Leeds,  and  that 
Bede  mentions  it.  Bede,  in  1.  xv,  c.  14,  at  the  end,  mentions  a 
monastery  in  Elmeie  Wood,  which  Dr.  Smith  says  was  a  large 
forest  including  Berwic  and  a  great  part  of  Yorkshire ;  and  the 
English  annotator  says  it  took  its  name  from  dTos  abounding 
there,  which  wants  proof.  For  the  Britains,  drove  by  Edwin 
from  the  country  called  Elfed,  north  of  the  Humber,  carried  that 
name  with  them,  and  gave  it  to  places  in  Wales ;  and  according 
to  Nennius  it  was  called  Elrnet  before  Edwin  conquered  it  and 
turned  out  King  Certec,  who  must  have  been  a  Briton.  See 
Tyssilio,  who  calls  him  Ceredic  in  Braint's  speech  to  Cadwallon. 
The  transcribers  of  Nennius  have  made  Ceredic  and  Elved  into 
one  word  through  ignorance,  Oerdicselmet. 

Elvel  or  Elvael,  a  cantref  between  Wy  and  Severn,  belong- 
ing formerly  to  Powys,  in  which  are  the  commots  of  Uwch 
Mynydd,  Is  Mynydd,  and  Llechddyfnog.  They  were  the  lands 
of  Ralph  Mortimer  in  Powys  r.  Elfael     See  Trallwng  Elfad, 

Elfod,  Elbhod,  and  Elbod  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  Lat.  Elbotus,  Elbodus, 


166  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

or  Elwdugv/8  as  Nennius  has  it,  and  Dr.  Davies  (Pref.  Gram.) 
Mbodius,  was  Archbishop  of  Wales,  and  died  A.D.  809.  /*^^ 
Caradoc,  p.  21.)  He  changed  the  time  of  Easter  about  the  year 
755.  (Powel,  Oar.,  p.  17.)  But  Caradoc  makes  him  Archbishop 
of  Iforth  Wales  (p.  211),  which  I  suppose  is  a  mistake,  for  that 
he  was  bom  at  Caergybi  in  Anglesey.  {Achau'r  Saint!)  App. 
MS.  Tyssilio  calls  liim  Elvod  Esgob  Gwynedd  (Bishop  of  North 
Wales,  wliich  probably  means  chief  Bishop),  and  that  he  died 
A.D.  811.  In  the  margin  of  Gildas  Nennius  (c.  65),  Eeuchidus 
and  Elbodus,  Bishops,  are  mentioned.  Nennius,  the  historian, 
says  that  he  was  the  disciple  of  St.  Elbotus  (or  Elbodugus  as  he 
names  him  in  another  place) ;  and  in  the  sixty-third  chapter  he 
calls  one  Beulanus,  a  presbyter,  his  master, — perhaps  Saml. 
Beulan  his  interpolator, 

Elvyw. 

Elwy,  river :  hence  Llanelwy,  St.  Asaph. 

Elwydden  or  Elwyddan,  Elwyddyn  or  Elwyden  (fl.).  Tom 
Elwyddan  mentioned  in  Llywarch  Hen's  Marwnad  Cyndylan, 
and  in  Englynion  y  Beddau. 

Elysmer,  Elesmere  in  Shropshire. 

Llys  Elysmer  bei  ffer  bu  ffwyr  gno 
Llwyr  llosged  ei  tbtidwed  ai  tho. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  L.  ap  lorwerth. 

Elystan  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Elystan  Glodrydd,  larll  Henffordd,  one  of  the  Five  Eoyal 
Tribes  of  Wales  (un  o  Bum  Brenhinllwyth  Cymru). 

Em,  a  woman's  name. 

Emerchret  (n.  pr.  f.).  Emerchret,  gwraig  Fabon  ap  Dewen 
Hen,  noted  for  a  chaste  wife.    (Tr.  55.) 

Emlyn,  nomen  loci  in  Pembrokeshire ;  one  of  the  eight  can- 

trefs  of  Dyfed.  Y  Castell  Newydd  yn  Emlyn,  got  by  lihys,  1215. 

Glyn   Cuwch   yn   Emlyn  {Tr,  30),  the  country  of  Pendaran 

Dyfed. 

Ifor  deg  yw  ei  frawd  ynn 

I  roi'n  ami  aur  yn  Emlyn. — O,  ap  leuan  Hen, 

Emral,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  [Flintshire]. 
Emreis.     Cantref  Emreis,  mentioned   by  Cjmddelw,  where 
Hywel  ap  Owain  Gwynedd  fought  a  battle. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  167 

Emrus  and  Emreis  (TV.  90  and  91),  in  the  present  orthography 
^^j^TVf^  (n.  pr.  V.)  ;  Latinized  Ambrositcs, 

i-uiRYS  Wledig,  the  98th  King  of  Britain,  son  of  Constantino, 
an  Armorican  Britain,  called  Cwstenin  Fendigaid  (Tr,  90),  bro- 
ther to  Aldwr,  King  of  Annorica.  This  Constantino  had  three 
sons :  Constans  or  Cwstenin  Vychan  {Tr.  90),  Emrys,  and  Uthur 
Bendragon.  They  burnt  Gwrtheym's  castle  in  Wales  about  a.d. 
480.     See  Dinas  Emrys, 

Emyr  is  a  very  common  name  of  men  in  Armorica ;  and  Emyr 
Llydaw  was  the  name  of  the  Prince  that  reigned  there  in  Uthur 
Bendragon's  time,  and  whose  son  Hywel  was  cot^mporary  with 
King  Arthur,  as  appears  by  the  Triades,  No.  83. 

Eneas,  a  Trojan  Prince,  son  of  Venus  and  Anchises,  married 
Lavinia,  daughter  of  King  Latinus.  In  the  British,  Etvcou  or 
Einion  (and  not  Evan,  as  Ainsworth,  for  Evan  is  but  a  very 
modem  name). 

Eneirchawc  (n.  L).  Gwyr  Eneirchawc  (Hoi,  Myrddin),  some 
of  the  northern  pirates. 

Pan  dyffbn  dros  vor  gwyr  Eneirchawc. 

Enerys  (n.  fsem.)     [H,  ap  Owain  Gwynedd) 

Enethan  ap  Cadrod  Calchfynydd.     {Rhys  Ooch  Eryri) 

Enethan  ap  Siap :  qu.  ap  Carwed  ap  Marchudd  ? 

Eneuddon  (n.  pr.  f.).     (2?r.  Davies) 

Enddwyn  Sant.    Uanenddwyn, 

Enfael  (n.  pr.  v.).     {Tr,  24.) 

Enfail,  ferch  Brychan. 

Enid  (n.  pr.  f ). 

Enid,  verch  Yniwl  larll  Dyfnaint,  cariad  Geraint  ap  Erbin, 
un  o'r  tair  rhiain  ardderchog.     {Tr,  78.) 

Enid,  verch  lamys  Arglwydd  Awdle. 

Enlli  (Insulam  Entili  sive  Berdseyam),  the  Isle  of  Bardsey 
on  the  headland  of  Caernarvonshire,  called  Lleyn.  Mr.  Leland, 
for  want  of  better  acquaintance  with  our  ancient  British  writers, 
hath  committed  a  slip  in  endeavouring  to  explain  this  name ; 
but  these  slips  are  less  common  in  him  than  any  other  English 
writer.  He  writes  the  name  of  this  island  (where  Dubricius 
retired  from  the  archbishoprick  of  Caerllion  ar  Wysg)  Enis 


168  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Enthle,  which  he  takes  to  be  a  corruption  of  JSnislhin,  because  it 
lies  against  a  country  called  Llin  in  Venetia  (Gwyuedd),  which 
others  write  Venedotia.  All  this  is  wrong.  The  island  is  not  called 
by  the  natives  Enis  Enthle,but  has  been  always  called  Ynys  Enlli; 
and  the  II  has  a  sound  which  no  English  letters  can  express ; 
therefore  it  is  impossible  for  an  Englishman  to  guess  at  the  deriva- 
tion of  the  word.  I  know  that  Latin  writers  have  turned  it  into 
Insulam  £ntili,  which  was  to  show  that  they  could  do  something, 
but  really  nothing  to  the  purpose,  and  they  might  as  well  have 
wrote  it  with  any  other  letters  of  the  alphabet :  Enbili,  Encili, 
EndUi,  EnflBli,  etc.,  etc.  ,  Myrddin  Wyllt,  the  Caledonian  Pictish 
poet  about  twelve  hundred  years  ago,  wrote  it  YrUli ;  for  in  his 
Hoiane,  wrote  after  the  battle  of  Arderydd,  between  Rhydderch 
Hael  of  Aelclwyd  (Dunbritton),  Prince  of  the  Cumbrian  Britons, 
and  Aeddan  Vradog,  one  of  the  Princes  of  the  Southern  Picts, 
he  has  these  words  : 

Er  gwaith  Arderydd  mi  nim  dorbi 
Cyn  syrthiai  awyr  i  lawr  Llyr  Yidli, 

And  the  poets  from  that  time  to  this,  and  the  natives  at  this 
day  all  over  Wales,  pronounce  it  Enlli 

The  famous  satirical  Cy wydd,  wrote  anciently  on  an  abbot  of 
that  monastery,  part  of  which  is  in  everybody's  mouth  to  this 
day,  though,  perhaps,  not  to  be  found  in  writing,  is  also  a  proof 
of  this : 

AbadEnlU 

«  •  *  • 

*  #  *  # 

Abad  ffwfc  fiat  lygatgoch 
Abad  ni  fyn  roi  bwyd  iV  foch. 

This  passage  alone  proves  the  pronunciation  of  both  Enlli  and 
Lleyn  as  to  the  sound  II,  and  also  tells  us  a  piece  of  secret  his- 
tory, that  either  the  abbot  had  a  wife,  called  here  abodes  (abbess), 

or  that  there  was  a  nunnery  on  the  island but  he  was  a 

lay  abbot     See  Cyliau  Ihwn, 

Dr.  Davies,  author  of  the  British-Latin  Dictionary,  about  one 
hundred  and  twenty  years  ago  published  a  handsome  reward  for 
anybody  that  could  bring  him  a  perfect  copy  of  this  poem  ;  but 
it  was  not  to  be  found.     It  was  at  first  so  well  known  that  it 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  169 

was  neglected  to  be  wrote,  and  perhaps  it  was  not  safe  to  commit 

it  to  paper  in  the  time  when  abbots  had  a  power  here. 

Lewis  Gljrn  Cothi  in  one  place  writes  it  Unllif,  which  induces 

me  to  think  that  it  had  its  name  &om  beiag  situated  in  the 

middle  of  strong  tides,  as  they  certainly  are  there  as  strong  as 

any  about  Britain ;  q.  d.  Yn  y  llif,  i  e.,  in  the  stream.    But  Lleyn, 

the  name  of  the  headland  or  promontory,  is  plainly  of  another 

original 

Llawer  hyd  yn  nhir  Lleyn 

Llwyn  hesg  yn  llawen  o  hyn. — Perri'g  Rhetoric. 

In  the  legend  of  St.  Cynhaval  there  is  mention  of  a  fabulous 
giant  called  IhUli  Oavyr,  who  gave  name  to  this  island ;  but 
that  fiction  took  its  rise  from  Benlli  Gawr,  the  tyrant  mentioned 
in  Nennius,  who  was  no  giant  though  called  Gawr,  but  a  Prince 
oflal. 

This  Enlli  is  probably  one  of  the  four  islands  which  Ptolomy 
in  his  account  of  Ireland  mentions  to  be  on  the  east  of  Ireland, 
which,  if  he  had  been  weU  acquainted  with  the  place,  he  would 
have  left  to  his  account  of  Albion.  The  four  islands  are: — 
1,  Monaeda^  Brit.  Manaw,  i.  «.,  the  Isle  of  Man ;  2,  Mona,  Brit. 
Mon,  i.  c,  Anglesey;  3,  Edron,  Brit.  Ynys  Adar  probably; 
4,  limnon,  Brit.  Tnys  Enlli.  He  says  these  are  both  heremos 
(Ifnjfioi — TV.  JD,),  i,  e.,  deserted  or  uninhabited.  Limnon  might 
have  been  originally  in  the  book  before  Edron ;  then  there  would 
have  been  no  doubt  but  that  Limnon  was  Enlli,  and  Edron  pro- 
bably Eamsey  on  St.  David's  Head ;  but  as  it  is,  Eamsey  isle 
has  a  better  claim  to  the  name  limnon,  as  the  adjoining  country 
is  also  called  Menew  (Lat.  Menevia),  and  Edron  may  be  inter- 
preted Ynys  Adar,  or  Bird's  Island,  from  whence  it  might  take 
the  Saxon  name  Birdsey  (corruptly,  Bardsey).  But  as  there  is  no 
great  dependence  on  Ptolomy's  geography  of  those  countries,  we 
cannot  build  much  upon  it ;  and  therefore  on  such  uncertain 
grounds  we  cannot  say  that  Enlli  was  in  Ptolomy's  time  called 
'fnys  Adar,  though  it  is  probable  it  might.  As  this  Claud. 
Ptolomy  wrote  about  the  year  of  Christ  230,  and  that  we  find 
a  Christian  monastery  there  about  two  hundred  years  afterwards, 
we  must  look  for  some  other  sense  to  his  heremos  than  what  is 
generally  given  of  it. 


170  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Edron  desert  a  est. 
Limni  deserta  est. 

The  island  of  Enlli  is  two  miles  long,  and  is  at  this  day  held 
by  four  families  who  are  farmers  there,  and  raise  com  and  breed 
cattle  there,  and  hath  a  very  safe  harbour  in  it  for  small  vessels, 
and  the  people  in  it  are  about  forty  in  number.  It  is  very 
improbable  such  a  fruitful  island,  so  near  the  mainland,  should 
be  a  desert,  uninhabited;  therefore  his  Iprjfiof;  must  certainly 
mean  that  it  was  a  place  for  recluse  men  or  hermits. 

St.  Dubricius,  the  Archbishop  of  Wales,  when  he  resigned  the 
metropolitan  see  to  St.  David,  would  not  have  gone  into  a  desert 
island  with  a  great  number  of  his  clergy,  as  is  plain  he  did  by 
TaJiesin's  (Aneurin's)  account,  who  says  that  most  of  the  synod 
of  Brevi  accompanied  him  to  that  island.  This  was  about  the 
year  5...,  as  Usher  places  it. 

In  Caerllion  ar  Wysg  there  was  a  museum  of  rarities  in  King 
Arthur's  time,  which  Myrddin  ap  Morfpan,  the  Caledonian,  upon 
the  destruction  of  that  place,  carried  with  him  to  the  house  of 
glass  in  the  Isle  of  Enlli  or  Bardsey.    (MS,) 

Myrddin  aeth  mawr  ddawn  ei  wedd 

Mown  gwydr  er  mwyn  ei  gydwedd. — letian  Dyfi, 

Y  13  tlws  aethant  gida  Mjrrddin  ir  Ty  Gwydr.  (Game  MS.) 
This  house  of  glass,  it  seems,  was  the  museum  where  they  kept 
their  curiosities  to  be  seen  by  everybody,  but  not  handled ;  and 
it  is  probable  Myrddin,  who  is  said  to  live  in  it,  was  the  keeper 
of  their  museum  at  that  time.  For  these  13  rarities,  or  13  tlws, 
or  admirable  things,  brought  by  Myrddin  there,  see — 1,  Uen 
Arthur ;  2,  Dymwen  ;  3,  Corn  Bran  Galed ;  4,  Cadair  Moigan ; 
5,  Mwys  Gwyddno  ;  6,  Hogalen  Tudno ;  7,  Pais  Padarn ;  8,  Pair 
Dymog;  9,  Dysgl;  10,  Towlbwrdd ;  ll.Mantell;  12,  Modrwj-; 
13,  CylleU  Llawfrodedd. 

There  was  a  college  of  Lay  Monks  in  Bardsey  in  those  days, 
which  some  have  ignorantly  called  Colideans,  for  Gyliau  Diion, 
black  cowls.  Here  Myrddin  studied,  and  here  he  ended  his 
days,  and  was  buried.     See  Cadvan. 

Ennaint  Baddon,  hot  waters  of  Bath ;  literally  Bath  ointment. 

Ennarawp.    Caer  Ennarawd.  (Tr.)    Qu.  whether  this  is  Caer 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  l7l 

Anrhod,  said  to  have  been  swallowed  by  the  sea  near  Caernarvon 
Bay? 

Envey  ap  Ilychwael. 

Enwig  and  Anwig  (n.  1.). 

Enyny,  enw  gwr.     Tewdric  ap  Enyny. 

Eon,  qu.  ?    Bodeon,  enw  lie,  qu.  ? 

Eppa,  a  monk  that  poisoned  King  Ambrosius  Aurelins,  first 
called  Eopa. 

Eppi,  Hizabeth,  now  Betty. 

Erbin  ap  Cwstenyn  Cemyw. 

Erbin,  father  of  Geraint  the  admiral.   (Tr.  20.) 

Erbistock,  church  and  parish  in  Denbighshire,  deanery  of 
Bromfield. 

Ercal,  a  man  [nomen  loci — W.  D.]  mentioned  by  Llywarch 
Hen  in  Marwnad  Cynddylan. 

Tywarchen  Ercal  ar  erdywal  wyr 

0  etifedd  Morial 
A  gwedy  Rhys  maerysonal. — Llywarch  Hen. 

Qu.  whether  this  be  Aircol  Lawir  [a  person — W.  D.]  mentioned 
in  the  genealogies  in  "  Llyfr  Llywarch  Ofifeiriad"  (MS.,  Jesus 
ColL,  Oxon.).  He  was  the  father  of  one  Erbin,  and  was  a  de- 
scendant, in  the  tenth  degree,  of  Macsen  Wledig. 

Ercwlff,  Hercules ;  perhaps  from  erchyll,  horrid ;  or  this 
Erchyll  was  Hercules,  the  son  of  Jupiter. 

Ergh,  Orcades,  or  the  Islands  of  Orkney :  hence,  probably  the 
Ersh  language  in  the  Highlands. 

Erch  or  EiRCH  (fl.) :  hence  Abererch,  vulgo  Y  Berach,  near 
Pwllheli  in  Ileyn :  hence  also  Nannerch,  quasi  Nant  Erch. 

Erch  a  Heledd,  in  one  copy  of  the  Triades,  for  Arllechwedd 

in  mine. 

As  dac  Daw  yn  ei  dangnevedd 

A  dduc  trais  tros  Erch  a  Heledd. 

OyndddWf  i  Owain  Owynedd. 

Erddig,  a  gentleman*s  seat.  (J.  D.)   [The  seat  of  Philip  Yorke, 
Esq.,  near  Wrexham,  Denbighshire. — W,  D.] 
Erddlys  (n.  1.).     Uwyth  Erddlys. 
Erddyled,  mam  Llewelyn  ap  Hwlkyn. 
Ereinwc.     This  was  the  country  about  Hereford,  to  which 


1 72  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

the  Loegrian  Britains  were  drove  by  the  Saxons  over  the  Severn ; 
and  these  people  had  princes  of  their  own,  as  appears  by  the 
manner  of  electing  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  chief  king.  (See  Traeth 
Maelgwn)  In  one  MS.  it  is  called  Rhidnwg,  The  inhabitants 
were  called  Ereinwyr  {H.  Llwyd),  and  the  country  Ereinxoch 
{H,  Llwyd).  See  Erging.  Camden  derives  it  from  Ariconium, 
and  also  Arcenfeld  [Urchenfield — W.  2>.],  and  Hariford,  as  he 
writes  it.  Ariconium  he  supposes  to  be  at  Kenchester^  just  by 
Hereford.     (Camden  in  Herefordshire.) 

Erfin  (fl.) — Whence  Cwm  Ervin,  Blaen  Cwm  Ervin,  Cardigan- 
shire— ^falls  into  Clarach. 

Ergengl,  the  same  with  Erging,  a  part  of  Herefordshire,  called 
Urchenfeld  or  Irchenfield ;  called  anciently  Ereinwc.  (H,  Llwyd.) 

Erging  (n.  1.),  qu.  Ergyn?  now  Irchenfield;  in  Doomsday, 
Archenfeld,  in  Herefordshire.  (Camden.)  Erging  ac  Ewyas  was 
one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Iscoed  in  Gwent,  but  is  now  in 
Herefordshire.  (Price's  Descr.)  Gwrtheyrn  Gwrtheneu,  larll  oedd 
hwnnw  ar  Went,  Eiging,  ac  Euas.  (Tyssilio)  Cwstenyn,  larll 
Ei'ging  ac  Euas.     See  Euas,  Ewyas, 

Ergyr,  a  river,  Cardiganshire  (Cwm  Ergyr),  falls  into  Castell 
river. 

Erived,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (J,  D.)  Troverth  Foulkes  of 
Erived. 

Erlleon  (n.  pr.  v.).  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Urien  Eeged. 

Llawer  ci  geilig  a  hebog  awyrenig 

A  Kthiwyd  ar  y  llawr 

Cyn  bu  Erlleon  Lyweddrawr. — Llywarch  Hen. 

Erlyn,  a  place  in  Gaul.     Qu.  whether  Arlon  in  the  Austrian 

Netherlands  ? 

Llew  ffyrfder 

Wyd  o  Erlyn  hyd  Orliawns. — Hytvel  Swrdwal, 

Erof  Greulon  (n.  pr.  v.),  qu.  Herod  ? 

Erot,  the  ancient  way  of  writing  the  name  of  Herod. 

Seren  heblaw  Uys  Erot 
A  roddes  gyfarwyddyt. 

Ersh,  the  language  of  the  Highlands  of  Scotland,  as  it  is  called 
by  the  English,  from  Erch,  the  old  Celtic  name  of  the  Orcades. 
See  Erch. 


CELTIC  REMAIN&  173 

Ertn,  in  Tr,  40,  for  Geraint,  a  King  of  Britain  about  300  years 
before  Christ. 

Ebtreu,  Eryri,  EiBYRiw,  or  EiRYRi,  or  Yryri.  Creigiau  Eryreu. 
Camden  (in  Ca,er7uirvon$hire)  calls  them  in  English  Snowdon, 
and  says  the  British  name  signifies  snowy  mountains,  as  the 
Niphates  in  Armenia  were  called,  from  snow.  If  this  had  been 
the  derivation,  should  not  they  have  been  called  Creigiau  'r 
Eiry  ?  But  see  Eryri.  Nennius  calls  them  Heriri  {E,  Llmyd), 
having  a  view  probably  to  the  Hebrew  word  Ha/rerei,  See 
Wyddfa. 

Erw  or  Erow,  vulg.  Wrw.  Eglwys  Erw  in  Cemmaes,  Pem- 
brokeshire. 

EsABEL,  Angl.  Isabel. 

Esc,  a  river  in  Devonshire ;  another  Esc  in  Scotland,  and  the 
vale  about  it  called  Esk  Dale.  Oaer  Esc,  in  the  Triades,  is  Exe- 
ter.   (JS?.  Llwyd.)     See  Wysg. 

EsGAiR,  river  (Aberesgair  or  Aberisker),  falls  into  the  Wysg. 

EsGAiR  is  an  ancient  Celtic  word  prefixed  to  the  names  of 
mountains  in  Britain  and  Ireland,  and  signifies  a  ridge  of 
moimtains  like  a  shin-bone;  whence  esgair  in  Wales  is  also  a  leg. 
Esgair  Oerfel,  yn  y  Werddon ;  Esgair  Galed ;  Esgair  Gwyngu ; 
Esgair  Weddar,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Meirion, — Pryse ;  Esgair  Hir ; 
Esgair  Milwyn ;  Esgair  Goch,  in  Llanvair  y  Bryn,  Carmarthen- 
shire ;  Esgair  AngeU,  a  gentleman's  seat, — Pugh.  (J,  J9.)  [Esgair 
Ivan,  in  Uanbrynmair. —  W,  JD.] 

EsGOTTLOND,  used  in  the  British  copy  of  Tyssilio  for  Scotland. 
See  Ysgwydiaid  and  Ysgodogion, 

EsGUD  AuR  or  EsGUDAWR  ap  Owain  Aurdorchog. 

EsMAS  and  Dismas,  according  to  the  British  tradition,  were 
the  names  of  the  two  thieves  that  were  crucified  with  Christ. 

Bhoed  ar  groes  o  wydd  Moesen 

Rhwng  Dismas  ag  Esmas  hen. — Hywd  Dafydd, 

EssiDLO,  nofhen  loci. 

EsTEROLEF,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Arberth,  in  Pembroke- 
shire.    (Price's  Bescript) 

EsTYLL.    Pentre  Estyll,  Glamorganshire. 

EsYLLT,  daughter  of  Cynan  Dindaethwy  ap  Idwal  Iwrch  ap 


174  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Cadwaladr  frenin,  wife  of  Merfyn  Frych,  and  mother  to  Eodri 

Mawr.    (Price's  Bescript) 

EsYLLT  Fyngwen,  gwraig  March  Amheirchion,  merch  Culfyn- 

awyt  Prydain ;  aniweirwraig  ( JV.  56),  a  gordderch  Trystan  ap 

Tallwch,  yn  amser  Arthur.  Clustiau  march  i  Farch  Amheircliion 

a  ganai  pibau  am  dano.  (D.  /.)     See  March, 

Ethlyn. 

PaD  bebyllo  Lloegr  yn  tir  Ethlyn 

A  gwneuthur  Diganwy  dinas  dygyn. —  ffaiane  Myrddin, 

Ethni  Wyddeles,  gwraig  Gwynawg  ap  Clydawc. 

EiJARTH,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

EuAS  ap  Morgan  Hir  ap  lestin  ap  Gwrgi. 

EuAS  (n.  1.)  in  Hereford  and  Gloucestershire ;  Latinized  by 
some,  Geuissia;  and  this  caused  Jo.  Major  {Hist  Scot,  lib.  ii, 
c.  3)  to  say  that  Vortigern  was  Comes  de  West  Sex,  The  British 
History  by  TyssHio  says  plainly  that  Gwrtheym  (Vortigern)  was 
a  South  Wales  man.  "  larll  oedd  hwnnw  ar  Went,  ac  Erging, 
ac  Euas";  i,  e.,  he  was  Earl  of  Gwent  (Monmouth),  and  Erging 
(Urchenfield),  and  Euas ;  which  last  is  now  vulgarly  called 
Ewyas,  Ewyas  Lacy,  eta     See  Eioyas, 

EUBUL,  secretary  to  Gronw  Ddugu. 

EuDAF  (n.  pr.  v.),  Lat.  Octavius,  father  of  Elen  Lueddog,  wife 
of  Maximus. 

EuDAF,  the  49th  King  of  Britain. 

EuDAF,  the  88th  King  of  Britain. 

EUDAF  (Caer),  Caer  yn  Arfon.     (Th.  Williams'  Catalogue) 

EUDHA  ap  Cariadawc  ap  Bran  Galed ;  wrote  also  Evdhaf, 

EUDHYN. 

EULO  or  Eflo,  in  Flintshire.  Qu.  whether  Coleshill?  At 
Coed  Eulo,  Dafydd  and  Cynan,  sons  of  Owain  Gwynedd,  put 
part  of  King  Henry  II's  army  to  flight,  slew  a  great  number, 
and  pursued  the  rest  to  the  King's  camp  on  Saltney  Marsh,  near 
West  Chester  (i.  e.,  Morfa  Caer) ;  from  thence  Ovjain  retreated 
to  a  place  called  to  this  day  Cil  Owain,  i,  c,  Owain's  Retreat. 
[Ogof  Owen,  or  Cil  Owen,  where  Owen  Glyndwr  was  fed  duiing 
liis  exile. — W,  />.] 

EuGAN.     Bod  Eugan,  qu.  ? 

EuNiVNT  (n.  1.),  in  Llanwddyn.     Sc.     Wynne  o  Eunant. 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  175 

EUNANWY.     Scr, 

EuNEDD  ap  Bledred,  890. 

EtJNEDD  ap  Clydawg  died  936. 

EuNYDD  GwERNGWY,  of  Dyflfryn  Clwyd,  1135. 

EuRBRAWST,  un  o  daix  gwraig  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 

EURBRE  Wyddel  :  See  Cormur. 

EuRDDYL,  daughter  of  Cynfarch  Hen  {Tr,  52),  and  sister  to 
Urien  Beged.     {Llywarch  E'en.) 

EuRFRON  Hoeduw  (n.  pr.  f.).  Powel,  p.  183.  Qu.  the  same 
with  Enron  :  see  Tegau, 

EURFTL  Santes.     Llaneurfyl  in  the  deanery  of  Pool. 

EuRFYL,  verch  Cynferch  Oer,  gwraig  Oliver  Gosgorddfawr. 

EuROAiN,  daughter  to  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  married  to  Elidir 
Mwynfawr,  priodawr  o'r  Gogledd,  i.  6.,  a  proprietor  or  prince  in 
the  North,  who  claimed  the  crown  from  Bhun  ap  Maelgwn,  who 
was  but  a  base  son ;  and  Elidir  came  with  a  fleet  from  North 
Britain,  and  landed  in  Anglesey  about  the  year  580,  but  was 
repulsed ;  and  Bhun  carried  the  war  to  Scotland,  which  lasted 
several  years.  {Tr.  and  MSS,  aL)  In  one  MS.  she  is  said  to 
have  married  Ethelfred,  brenin  Northhumberland. 

Eurgain  verch  Maelgwn  Gwynedd  a  roes  y  ganwyll  wrth  yr 
adar  gwylltion  i  ddangos  y  flfordd  iV  chariad.     (B,  J.,  MS.) 

Llaneurgain,  in  English  Northop,  a  church  and  town  in  Flint- 
shire. 

Eurgain  a  gaed  yn  Argoed 

O'r  un  cyff  goreu  *n  y  coed.  — Huw  Oae  Llwyd. 

EURGRAWN.     Scr. 

EuRLLiw  (nom.  fem.). 

EuROG  Gadarn,  King  of  Britain ;  Eboracus,  3969.     0. 

EuRON  (n.  f.).  This  is  Euron  Galon  Galed  (hard-hearted 
Euron),  mentioned  by  Myrddin.     See  Aeron. 

EUROPA,  Europe. 

EusTUS  Cruer.     (JST.  C,  p.  151.) 

EuTAWD  (n.  pr.  v.),  father  of  Gwyl,  a  concubine  of  King  Arthur. 

EuTUN.  Davydd  Eutun.  Canys  brawd  un  fam  un  dad  i  For- 
gan  ap  Llewelyn  oedd  Davydd  Eutun. 

[Eyton,  seat  of  a  family  of  that  name  in  Flintshire. —  W.  2>.] 

Evan,  a  modern  nom.  propr.  of  men,  from  leuaf,  which  see. 


1 76  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

EvELL,  a  cognomen ;  as  Einion  EvelL    [A  twin. —  W,  2?.] 
EvELLiw  or  Elhiw,  nom.  fern.     {Powel,  p.  183.) 
EvENECHTYD,  a  parish  in  Denbighshire. 
EvEKWic,  Ehoracua]  York.     {Dr,  Davies.) 
EvRAUO,  EVEAWG :  See  £froc. 

EvEEAM  0  Faen  Gwynedd ;  id.  quod  Abraham.  {Dr.  Davies.) 
Madog  ap  Evream. 

EvTODYL.    {Llywarch  Hen.)    Eurdyl,  merch  Orth.    EurddyL 

Handid  Evyrdyl  aflawen. — Llywarch  Him,  Mar.  ITrien. 

EVIONYDD  or  ElVIONYDD  (n.  L). 

EwEiN,  for  Ywain  or  Owain. 

EwERDDON,  Ireland,  Hibemia,  InverruLf  Ivemia,  lerna. 

EwERDDONiG,  Irish.  See  Iiverddon  and  Ytoerddon,  q.  d.  y 
Werdd  Ynys,  the  Green  Island. 

EwERYDD.  Forth  Ewerydd  yn  y  Gogledd,  where  Khun  ap 
Maelgwn  fought  the  relations  of  Elidir  Mwynfawr;  said  by  some 
to  be  Lancaster ;  others,  Carlisle ;  but  see  Morwerydd. 

Ewerydd,  verch  Cynfyn  ap  Gwerystan  ap  Gwaithvoed,  a 
briodes  Edwin  ap  Goronwy  frenin  Tegengl,  a  sisteT  of  Bleddyn 
ap  Cynfyn. 

EwRYD  (n.  pr.,  qu.  ?).    Bodewiyd  church  in  Anglesey. 

EWYAS  (n.  L)  in  Herefordshire  and  Gloucestershire.  ScUter- 
ennes  in  Ewyas  Land  (Powel,  pp.  142;  148) ;  lands  of  Hugh 
Lacie ;  rect^  Euas. 

Is  Gwent  ag  Enas  a  Gwy. — Owih/m  Tew. 

Eydyn  (Tr.  36).  Mynyddawc  Eydyn,  probably  Eyddyn,  i. «., 
Edenborough  or  Eiddyn. 

E. 

Each  (Y),  an  ancient  Celtic  word  used  in  the  names  of  places, 
signifying  a  hook  or  nook ;  as  y  Each  Ddeiliog ;  y  Ty  'n y  Each; 
Bachegraig,  i.  e.,  Bach  y  Graig. 

Faenol  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat  near  Caernarvon. 

Faenor  (Y),  the  Manor.    Maenor  Byrr ;  Maenor  Deifi. 

Fann  (Y).  Cefn  y  Fann,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Caernarvonshire. 
Bwlch  y  Fann ;  Pen  y  Fann ;  y  Fenni 

Faustus,  a  pious,  godly  son  of  Vortigem  out  of  his  own 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  177 

daughter,  who,  as  Nennius  saith,  built  a  monastery  on  the  river 
Ehymni,  where  he  and  other  devout  men  daily  prayed  for 
his  father's  amendment,  etc.,  and  that  God  would  not  punish 
him  for  his  father's  faults,  and  free  the  country  from  the  Saxon 
war.     {Gafjfiden  in  Glamorgan.)     See  Gale's  Nennitis. 

Fedwen  Deg  (T),  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire.    (J.  D.) 
Felenrhyd  (Y),  a  river  near  Traeth  Mawr,  Meirion. 
Fel  Ynys  (Y),  one  of  the  old  names  of  Britain ;  i.  e.,  the  Honey 
Island.     {Triades,) 

Ef  a  lanwai'r  Vel  Toys 

0  arian  rhodd  wyrion  Rhys. — Hywel  Dafijdd, 

Rhys  o'r  Fel  Ynys  flaenawr. 

Fenis,  Venice.     Caerfenis.    (I.  ff.  Cae  Llwyd) 

Fens.     Caerfens,  qu.  ?     (/.  H,  Cae  Llwyd.) 

Fenws:  see  Vemis. 

Ferwic  (Y),  a  church  and  parish  in  Cardiganshire.  Qu.  whe- 
ther Y  Faer  Wig  ?     See  also  Bervng,  Abenvig,  and  Gaerferwig, 

Festa,  Lat.  Vesta,  the  goddess  of  fire  (Cicero,  Be  Leg,,  ii,  12), 
wife  of  Coelus  and  mother  of  Saturn,  a  Celtic  princess.  Qu., 
whether  from  oes,  life,  and  tdn,  fire  ?  q.  d.  Oestan. 

FoDL  FoEL  (Y),  Anglesey. 

Foelas  (Y),  q.  d.  y  Foel  Las,  a  place  in  Denbighshire,  where 

there  are  small  pillars  with  strange  letters,  supposed  Druidical. 

{Camden) 

A  Din  by  oh  wrfchddrych  orthoriant  ar  fil 

Ar  Foelas  a  Gronant. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Llyw.  ap  lorwerth. 

FoEL  Ynys  (Y),  Ceretica. 

Ford  or  Fford  :  hence  Aberford,  a  town  of  Yorkshire,  the 
Roman  Calcaria.    (Ainsworth.) 

FoRWYN  (Y).  Caer  Forwyn,  which  lies  on  the  top  of  a  high 
hill  in  lianvihangel,  near  the  river  Alwen  (J?.  Llwyd) ;  probably 
Caer  Forwydd  or  Forudd. 

Y  mae  eryr  fal  Momdd. — I,  B.  Hir. 
See  Momdd, 

Frenni  Fawr  (Y),  a  mountain  in  Pembrokeshire. 

Fronig  (Y),  St.  Veronica. 

Frutan  (Y),  a  river  at  Beaumaris. 

23 


178  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

FuDDAi  and  Fuddei.  Caer  Fuddei,  in  the  Triades,  one  of  the 
twenty-eight  cities;  another  copy, Caer jPzwiei;  in  Thos. Williams' 
Catalogue,  Caer  Fuddau ;  Englished  Chichester ;  the  capital  of 
Sussex,  Caer  Fuddai  signifies  the  merchant's  town  or  city  of 
lucre,  from  ludd.     See  Bvddai. 

FuRNWY  (Y),  or  Fyrnwy,  a  river  in  Montgomeryshire.  Cantref 
y  Fumwy,  one  of  the  five  Cantrefs  of  Powys  Wenwynwyn,  con- 
taining the  commots  of  Mochnant  uwch  Ehaiadr,  Mechain  is 
Coed,  and  Uannerch  Hudol.  Burn  Water,  in  Scotland ;  Hobum 
or  Holburn,  a  brook  near  London.     See  Efyrrvwy, 

FF. 

Ffabiali,  un  o  feibion  Brychan  Brycheiniog  o'r  Ysbaenes.  Y 
rhai  hyn  aethant  yn  ben  rheithiau  (i.  e.,  chief  judges)  yn  Ysbaen. 
Vid.  Neffel 

Ffagan  a  DwTFAN,  two  preachers  said  to  have  been  sent  by 
a  Pope  called  Eluther  to  convert  the  Britains  in  the  time  and  at 
the  request  of  King  Lies  ap  Coel,  about  the  year  160 ;  by  Latin 
writers  called  Faganus  and  Duuianus  or  Deruuianus,  In  the 
British  copy  of  the  History  of  Tyssilio  they  are  called  Ffagan  a 
Dwy wan ;  but  not  a  word  in  the  British  MS.  of  the  Flamines 
and  Archflamines,  which  they  turned  into  bishops  and  arch- 
bishops, as  Galfrid  hath  interpolated  in  liis  translation,  who  hath 
been  since  followed  by  all  our  historians. 

[Llansantffagan,  a  parish  and  large  village  on  Llai  river  in  Gla- 
morgan ;  a  good  church  dedicated  to  St.  Ffagan ;  and  at  a  little 
distance  from  it,  Capel  Ffagan  in  ruins.     See  Dyfan. — /.  if.] 

Ffaraon,  probably  kings,  from  Pharaoh. 

Mor  gadarn  i  fTwyr  a  ffaraon  Ffrainc 
Ac  ar  fiTrawdd  o  wystlon. 

Cynddelw,  i  H.  ap  0.  Gwynedd. 

[Or  from  Pharamond,  first  King  of  France. —  W.  D.] 
Ffaraon  and  Ffaran  (n.  1.). 

Ynghoed  Ffaraon  yngbndd. — Rhys  Ooch  Eryri. 

The  Triades  has  it  Dinas  FfaraUy  where  the  dreigiau  were  hid 
by  Uudd  ap  BelL  {Tr.  45.)  Gwrtheyrn  a  ddatguddiodd  y  dreig- 
iau 0  Ddinas  Ffaran,  yr  hon  a  elwid  wedi  hynny  Dinas  Emrys. 
(Tr.  45.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  1 79 

Ffarbras  (n.  pr.  v.).     Ffarbras  Gawr. 

Ffon  yt  trom  a  phen  tramawr, 
Fferf  a  braisg  ail  Ffarbras  Gawr. 

Rhys  Nanmory  i  Sir  R.  Herbert. 

Ffari  or  Ffarri.  Bodffarri.  This  is  [supposed]  by  Mr.  Cam- 
den [to  be]  the  Varis  of  Antoninus,  a  small  city  of  the  Eomans, 
or  perhaps  a  fort  only.  There  are  ruins  on  a  hill  hard  by,  called 
Moel  y  Gaer.  Mr.  Camden  guesses  Varia  to  signify  in  British 
a  pass,  but  we  know  of  no  such  a  word  in  the  language. 

Ffawydd.  CaerFfawydd  (TV.),  Hereford  East.  {Th.  Williams) 
See  Trefawyth, 

Ffenidwydd.     Caer  Ffenidwydd,  Hwlffordd  [Th.  WiUiams). 

Fferlex,  the  lands  between  Severn  and  Wye.  [Elystan, 
aiglwydd  of  Fferlex  ;  I  e.,  Athelstan,  lord  of  Fferlex ;  that  is,  all 
the  lands  between  Severn  and  Wye. —  TF,  D.] 

Ffestiniog,  church  and  parish  in  Meirion. 

Ffichti,  which  should  be  wrote  Phichti  (n.  pr.).  They  are 
also  called  Ffichtiaid,  the  Picts  and  Poictons,  but  rightly  Phicht- 
iaid.  Y  Gwyddyl  Phichti,  L  e.,  the  Irish  Picts,  are  mentioned 
in  the  Triades  (No.  41)  to  be  one  of  the  molesters  of  Britain 
that  came  into  the  island  and  never  returned.  These  are  the 
Scots  that  came  over  from  Ireland  to  Argyleshire  about  the 
year  440  after  Christ,  and  there  mixt  with  the  Picts,  driving  the 
princes  of  the  land  to  South  Britain  for  refuge.  By  the  name 
given  them  in  the  Triades,  of  Irish  Picts,  it  is  probable  they  were 
painted  men  as  well  as  the  Pictish  northern  Britains.  See  also 
Vertot  for  Swedenland,  etc. 

Ffili,  a  man's  name.  Caerffili,  a  village  and  castle  in  Gla- 
morganshire ;  the  noblest  piece  of  ruins  in  Britain,  beyond  all 
history.  (E.  Uwyd,  Notes  on  Camden.)  Caer  Ffili  Gawr  gynt  oedd 
nn  o'r  prif  gaerau,  canys  nid  allai  'r  hoUfyd  ei  hynnill  tra  bae 
fwyd  ynddi.  (T.  Williams,  Catalogue  of  Cities.)  Camden  says 
he  doth  not  deny  but  it  might  have  been  a  Boman  garrison,  but 
doth  not  know  under  what  name.  But  what  need  is  there  to 
think  it  a  Eoman  garrison  ?  Might  it  not  be  a  British  ?  Was  it 
impossible  for  the  Britains,  after  the  Eomans  left  them,  to  build 
a  castle  after  the  manner  of  the  Eomans  ?    The  very  name. 


1  80  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Goer  Phili  Gawr,  shews  it  was  built  by  a  Briton.  No  Eoman 
coins,  etc.,  found  here.     (E.  Llwyd's  Notes)     See  Caer  Vwl. 

Ffilin.     Bryn  Ffilin,  in  Llanfigel,  Anglesey. 

FriNAN  Sant.  Llanffinan  Chapel  in  Anglesey.  He  succeeded 
St.  Aidan  as  apostle  of  the  Northumbrians ;  died  a.d.  661.  (Brit, 
SancL,  Feb.  10.) 

Ffinant,  a  gentleman's  seat  [at  Llansantflfraid,  Montgomery- 
shire ;  q.  d.  Nant  y  Ffin,  the  boundary  brook. — W.  jD.] 

Ffiniog.  Cantref  Ffiniog,  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Caer- 
marthenshire. 

Ffivion  ap  leuan. 

Fflamddwyn,  the  name  of  the  Saxon  general -that  fought  with 

Urien  Eeged  at  the  battle  of  Argoed  Llwyfein,  and  was  defeated. 

Qu.  whether  this  be  the  same  that  was  married  to  Bun,  daughter 

to  Culfynawyd  Prydain,  sister  to  Penarwen,  wife  of  Owen  ap 

TJrien.   (Triades,  56.)     He  probably  was,  for  in  Marwnad  Urien 

it  is  said. 

Pan  laddawd  Owain  Fflamddwyn 

Nid  oedd  fwy  nog  ef  cysgeid. — Tcdiesin. 

Fflandrysiaid,  people  of  Flanders. 

Ffleidur  Fflam,  map  Godo,  one  of  the  tri  unben  Uys  Arthur. 

Fflemings.  Castell  Fflemings,  not  far  from  Tregaron,  in  Car- 
diganshire. The  Fflemings,  a  nation  from  the  Low  Countries 
about  Flanders,  were  settled  about  Milford  Haven  by  Henry  1st 
to  curb  the  Welsh.  Camden  says  they  came  to  England  because 
their  lands  were  drowned  in  the  Low  Countries ;  but  William 
of  Malmsbury  says  that  they  came  over  because  of  their  relation 
to  Henry  I's  mother  by  the  father's  side,  and  to  get  rid  of  them 
he  thrust  into  Eoss  as  into  a  common  shore,  and  to  curb  his 
enemies  the  Welsh.     See  FJlemysiaid, 

Fflemis  (T,  Price),  Flemings. 

Fflemysiaid,  Flemings. 

Pan  wnaeth  balch  odradd  bylchu  Fflemysiaid 
Ffleimiaid  graid  gryd  lofrudd. 

Cynddelwy  i  H.  ap  0.  Gwynedd. 

Fflewyn  Sant.    Llanfflewyn  Chapel,  Anglesey. 
Fflint  (Y).     Caer  y  Fflint,  Flint  town. 

Print  Caer  y  Fflint  corph  y  wlad. — Tudur  Aled» 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  181 

Vixcont  y  Fflint,  a  Dyffryn  Clwyd,  a  Maelor  Saisnig,  a'r  Hobeu, 
a  Thref  Euddlan,  a'r  Castell,  ac  a  berthjm  wrthai.  (Stat.  Bhudd- 
Ian,) 

Fflint,  Flintshire,  one  of  the  counties  of  North  Wales.  The 
town  of  Flint  was  called  by  the  Britains  Caer  Gallestr.  (T.  Wil- 
liams, Catalogue,)  Mr.  Camden  has  not  attempted  to  give  any 
etymology  of  it.     Callestr  signifies  a  flint  stone, 

Fflur,  river  in  Cardiganshire  :  hence  Ystrad  Fflur,  which  is 
Latinized  Strata  Florida^  which  see.  Here  was  the  principal 
monastery  of  South  Wales,  where  their  noblemen  and  princes 
were  buried,  and  here  they  recorded  the  acts  and  successions  of 
their  princes.   .  (Caradoc.) 

It  appears  the  Britons  had  an  ancient  custom  of  giving  the 
names  of  some  famous  persons  to  rivers,  in  order  to  perpetuate 
them,  as  the  ancient  Celt^  gave  them  to  stars  and  planets,  as 
Saturn,  Venus,  etc. 

Fflur  was  the  name  of  Cjiswallon's  queen,  after  whom  he  went 
as  far  as  Home.  (Triades,)  See  Caswallon.  Severn  (i.  e.,  Haf- 
ren)  had  its  name  from  the  beautiful  daughter  of  Iloegrin.  The 
famous  Bran  {i, «.,  Brennus)  gave  a  river  in  Denbighshire  a  name; 
others  in  Caermarthenshire.  Meurig,  a  river  in  Geretica,  took 
its  name  from  Meurig,  son  of  Eodri  Mawr,  drowned  there :  so 
Braint  in  Anglesey ;  so  Afon  Einion. 

Fflur,  daughter  of  Fugnach  Gorr,  cariad  Caswallon  ap  Beli. 
{Tr,  53.)  She  either  was  a  Eoman,  or  carried  to  Rome  captive. 
I  suppose  the  last. 

Ffordun,  Forden  church  and  parish,  near  the  Severn,  west  of 
the  Long  Mountain. 

Drudlwyr  i  draff'wyr  i  ar  draffan 
Feirch  oi  drafferth  rhag  Ffordun, 

Cynddelw^  i  Yw.  Cyfeiliog. 

Ffordyn,  tight  or  thick  furred ;  or  perhaps  Forden  in  Shrop- 
shire.    Gruffydd  Ffordyn  ap  Dafydd  Vychan.     See  Ffordun, 

Ffos,  a  word  used  in  the  ancient  names  of  places,  as  Ffos  y 
Bleiddiau ;  Treffos ;  Ffos  Las  in  Trelech,  Carmarthenshire ;  y 
Ffos  Ddu. 

Ffos  Golmon,  a  deep  and  long  entrenchment  of  that  name, 
thrown  up,  it  seems,  by  some  Irish  general  of  the  name  of  Col- 


182  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

man.  It  lies  between  Bodavon  Mountain  and  Tre  Wynn  in 
Anglesey,  and  is  near  the  ruins  of  a  town  called  now  YCameddi, 
where  some  treasures  have  been  formerly  dug  up ;  and  on  Bod- 
avon Mountain  adjoining,  a  solid  piece  of  gold  was  found  about 
fifty  years  ago,  as  big  as  a  man's  foot. 

Ffosod  (n.  1.).     Llywarch  Hen  in 

Ffraid  or  Ffred  Santes.  This  was  an  Irish  lady  and  a  famous 
mm,  to  whom  several  churches  in  Wales  are  dedicated.  She 
died  A.D.  523.  Her  name  is  Latinized  Brigida.  (See  Flaherty, 
Ogygi<h  p.  422.)  Llansanffraid  and  Llansanffr^d.  She  was  bom 
in  the  village  of  Fochart,  in  the  diocese  of  Armach,  in  Ireland. 
Her  English  name  is  Brigid  or  St.  Bride,  and  called  the  Virgin 
of  Kildare.  Her  father  was  Diptacus  (Dubtach),  a  nobleman 
(lorwerth  Fynglwyd),  and  her  mother  Brocessa  or  Brotseach. 
Her  life  is  wrote  by  Cogitosus,  etc.  {Brit  Sand,,  Feb.,  p.  91.) 
Her  British  legend  is  wrote  by  lorwerth  Fynglwyd.  See  San- 
ffred, 

Ffrainc,  the  kingdom  of  France,  whose  ancient  Latin  name 
was  Gallia,  and  by  the  Britains  Oalvlad,  in  the  present  ortho- 
graphy Oallwlad,  i.  e.,  the  country  of  the  Oalh  or  Gauls,  and 
more  anciently  Oeiliait  and  Oeiltiaid,  i,  e,,  Celtse.  So  the  Irish 
call  a  Frenchman  GalUa.  It  had  the  name  of  Ffrainc  given  it 
about  the  time  the  Saxons  came  to  Britain,  when  Clovis,  King 
of  the  Franks  (a  German  nation),  conquered  Gaul,  or  most  part 
of  it,  i.  e.,  about  the  year  500. 

It  is  remarkable  that  the  British  copy  of  Tyssilio  calls  it 
Ffreinc  before  its  conquest  by  the  Francks,  which  is  a  mark  of 
its  being  since  that  conqvsst  compiled  or  translated  from  the 
Latin ;  and  thus  some  author  inaptly  calls  Britain  England  in 
the  time  of  the  Bomans.  [Do  not  insert  this  to  invalidate  all 
British  history. —  W,  Z>.] 

Pezron's  account  of  a  people  called  Franks,  living  about  the 
Seine,  who  were  Gauls,  before  ever  the  present  French  came 
from  Germany,  gives  a  reason  why  our  British  writers  call  Gaul 
by  the  name  of  Ffraingc  before  the  time  of  Clovis.     See  Ffranc. 

Ffrainc  Ddwyreiniol,  Franconia. 

Ffranc  or  Ffrangc,  a  Frenchman  (pi.  -od),  and  sometimes  a 
Saxon  ;  any  enemy  from  the  coast  of  Gaul  or  the  North  called 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  183 

by  the  Britons  Ffranc.    Ffraric,  in  the  Gaulish,  is  free :  hence 
the  name  of  Franks  or  French. 

Ai  gwell  Ffranc  na  ffrawddus  Gjmro 

Prydydd  y  Mochy  i  Ly  w.  ap  lorwerth. 

Ffranc  ar  ffo  ffordd  no  ofyn. — Myrddin, 

Ffranc,  a  servant. 

Mi  am  fii*anc  dav  am  callawr. 

Ffranciscinius,  a  saint  mentioned  in  the  Extent  of  Anglesey, 
in  Hen  Eglwys,  com.  of  Malldraeth.  The  inhabitants  say  the 
church  of  Hen  Eglwys  bears  the  name  of  Saint  Uwydion,  i,  e,, 
the  Grey  Saints ;  and  in  the  Extent  it  is  said  that  the  lands  of 
that  township  are  held  of  the  Saints  Franciscinius  and  Bacelli- 
nus.  Who  these  are  I  cannot  tell,  unless  the  first  be  Francis, 
the  founder  of  the  Franciscan  order  about  a.d.  1208 ;  and  the 
other  St.  Baglan,  from  whom  Uanfaglan  in  Caernarvonshire  took 
its  name.  Whosoever  they  were,  the  inhabitants  of  this  town- 
ship had  surprising  privileges  under  them.     See  ffSn  Eglwys, 

Ffranco  or  Ffrancon.  Nant  Ffrauco,  a  brook  in  a  valley  of 
that  name  in  Eryri,  falling,  perhaps,  into  Ogwen  or  Ogfaen 
[which  runs  by  Bangor. —  W,  D.] 

Ffrangeg,  lingim  Gallica. 

Ffraw  (fl.) :  hence  Aberffraw,  a  church  and  town  in  Anglesey 
on  that  river,  once  the  seat  of  the  Princes  of  Northmen  [North 
Wales];  Lat.  Gadiva.     {Ainsworth.) 

Ac  am  ddwylan  Ffraw  ffrowyll. — Lhjtoarch  Hen. 

Ffrawns  {Bhys  Nanmor  and  JSywel  SwrdwaV). 

Ffred  Leian  (St.),  daughter  of  Cadwtheg  Wyddel.  {MS,)  See 
Sanffred  and  Ffraid, 

Ffrever,  a  sister  of  Cyndylaa  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad 
Cyndylan.) 

Ffridyswydd.  {MS)  A  gwyl  Ffridyswydd  y  bu  farw  a.d.  1400. 

Ffrwdwr  ap  Gwrfawr  ap  Cadien. 

Ffrydlan  river  falls  into  Dyfi. 

Ffughdan,  vulg6  Bichtan,  nomen  loci  in  Flintshire;  Angl. 
Beighton. 

FrwG  neu  Ff^c  ;  Angl.  Ffoulkes  or  Fulk. 

Ffwyddog,  in  Cwm  lou,  Herefordshire.    [F/aimfddog,  beechy. 


184  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

from  ffa-vyyddy  bean-bearing  wood.  See  Survey  of  South  Wales 
by  W.  D.— R^.  D.] 

Ffyllon.     Cwm  Nant  Ffyllon,  in  Powys  Land.    {J,  D.) 

Ffynnon  and  Ffynhon,  a  spring  property,  though  used  for  a 
well.  The  j&rst  springs  or  lakes  from  which  rivers  have  their 
beginning,  are  sometimes  called  ffynnon ;  as  Ffynnon  Vrech, 
Ffynnon  Las,  and  Ffynnon  Velen,  which  are  lakes ;  Ffynnon  Ber- 
than,  Anglesey ;  Ffynnon  Fedwyr  {Llywarch  Hen) ;  Treflfynnon 
(i.  e.,  the  Well  Town) ;  Forth  y  Ffynnon,  Fountain  Gate ;  y  Ffyn- 
non Wen ;  Pant  y  Ffynnon. 

Ffynnon  Fedwyr,  in  Llywarch  Hen,  Marwnad  Cadwallaton. 
[St.  Peter's  Well,  Cardiganshire.  Ffynnon  y  Llyffaint  in  Snow- 
don.—  W,  D.] 

Ffynnon  Las,  a  lake  under  the  highest  peak  of  Snowdon, 
which  Mr.  Edw.  Llwyd  Englishes  the  Green  Fountain,  and  ob- 
serves that  the  water  of  some  lakes  on  the  Alps  inclines  to  that 
colour.    {Notes  on  Gamden,) 

Ffynnon  Lugwy,  or  Llyn  Llugwy,  is  about  a  mile  from  Nant 
Ffranco.     See  Ffranco. 

Ffynnonogion,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J,  D.)    Price. 

G. 

Gabriel,  one  of  the  seven  archangels;  according  to  the  British 
tradition,  the  chief  keeper ;  Mihangel,  defender  of  the  faith ; 
Eaffel,  carrier  of  prayers  ;  Uriel  hath  the  charge  of  fire ;  Sariel 
hath  the  charge  of  waters  ;  Eheiniel  looks  after  animals  ;  Pen- 
achiel  hath  the  care  of  the  fruits  of  the  earth,  (ff.  Dafydd  ap 
leuan.)  Perhaps  a  Druidical  notion.  [It  is  more  likely  a  Popish 
notion,  as  the  Druids  had  no  notion  of  angelical  names  before 
the  use  of  Scripture. —  W.  D.] 

Gadles,  in  Aberdar  parish,  Glamorgan.  [Y  Gadlas. — /.  M, 
Y  Gadlys,  a  seat  in  Glamorgan,  parish  of  Ilangynwyd. — /.  M^l 

Gadlys  or  Gadles  (Y),  or,  as  some  will,  Y  Gauadlys,  a  place 
in  Anglesey,  said  to  be  the  seat  of  Maelgwn  (ap  Owain  Gwyn- 
edd,  I  suppose).     See  Cadlys, 

Gadwy,  mab  Geraint.    (3V.  89.) 

Gafenni,  Avenna  (fl.). 

Gafran  or  Gavran,  mab  Aeddan.    (TV.  34.)     This  name  is 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  185 

Latinized  Odbranvs,  Teulu  Gafran  mab  Aeddan,  pan  fu'r  ddif- 
ancoll,  a  aethant  i'r  mor  tros  eu  harglwydd.  This  difancoU  seems 
to  have  been  that  great  battle  where  the  Picts  were  so  utterly 
defeated  that  it  is  said  they  lost  their  very  name.  ( TV.  34.)  Bede 
mentions  a  battle  fought  a.d.  603,  between  Ethelfrid  and  Edan, 
whom  he  calls  King  of  Scots.  In  the  Saxon  Chronicle  he  is 
called  JEjI^an,  i.  e.,-^gthan ;  in  the  Latin  of  BeAQyAedanus.  This 
was  Aeddan  Vradwg  mentioned  in  Tr..  46,  who  had  the  civil 
war  with  Ehydderch  Hael ;  and  was  no  Scot,  but  a  British  Pict. 
His  son  Gafran  fought  under  him  in  this  battle. 

Gafran  or  Gavran,  King  of  Scots ;  Mac  Domangard  {Ogygia, 
p.  472)  succeeded  his  brother  Congall,  a.d.  558^ 

Gainoe  (n.  pr.  f ). 

Gair  (n.  pr.  v.).  Geyr  mab  Geiryoet  (TV.  50.),  un  o'r  tri  gor- 
uchel  garcharor. 

Galabes.    Uyn  Galabes ;  Ffynnon  Galabes. 

Aber  i'm  grndd  heb  rym  gwres 

Yw  gwlaw  o  wybr  Galabes. — Lewys  Morganwg. 
See  Oalades, 

Galades.  Ffynnon  Galades,  yngwlad  Ewias  (or  Evias),  a 
foimtain  or  well  frequented  by  Myrddin,  where  he  was  found  by 
Emrys's  messengers  when  he  wanted  his  assistance  to  build  a 
tomb  for  the  slaughtered  Britains  in  Salisbury  Plain.  {Tyssilio.) 
Oalabes  in  the  Latin  of  Galfrid. 

Galath  (n.  pr.  v.)     YOreal  apud  Tr,  61. 

Galedlom  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat  {J.  D)  j  q.d.  hard  and  bare. 

Galfridus  Arthurius  or  Monemuthensis,  Bishop  of  St. 
Asaph,  translator  of  Tyssilio's  History  of  the  Britons,  called  Brut 
yBrenhinoedd,  Camden  (in  MonmoutJishire)  says  that  he  was  bom 
in  Monmouth,  and  corrupted  the  British  history,  and  was  well 
skilled  in  antiquities,  but  not  of  antique  credit,  having  inserted 
ridiculous  fables  in  that  work,  and  was  censured  by  the  Church 
of  Eome.  This  is  pretty  modestly  said  by  Mr.  Camden,  and  not 
of  the  same  stamp  with  the  character  he  gives  Galfrid  and  the 
British  History  in  other  parts  of  his  Britannia,  to  make  room 
for  his  own  plan.  It  is  observable  that  one  of  the  heavy  charges 
exhibited  or  put  by  Mr.  Camden  in  the  mouths  of  his  learned 
men  against  Tyssilio's  British  History  translated  by  Galfrid,  viz.> 

24 


186  CELTIC  REMAINS 

thai  it  (together  with  his  Merlin)  stood  condemned,  among  other 
'prohibited  boohs,  by  the  Church  of  Borne,  hath  actually  happened 
to  lumself  as  a  just  judgment  for  that  invidious  remark ;  for  we 
read  in  his  Life^  in  Gibson's  edition  (1695),  that  his  zeal  against 
Popery  lost  him  a  fellowship  in  Oxford,  brought  most  of  his 
works  under  the  censure  of  the  Church  of  Eome,  and  exposed 
him  to  the  lash  of  Parsons,  Posse visius  [Possevinus  ?]  and  others. 
Why,  then,  is  the  British  History  to  be  worse  looked  upon 
because  Galfiid's  translation  stood  condemned  by  the  Church  of 
Eome  ? 

Leland  says  Galfrid  was  a  learned  man  in  prose  and  verse,  as 
learning  then  went;  and  that  there  was  hardly  any  learning 
then  but  among  the  monks,  and  that  he  believed  he  was  a  faith- 
ful translator,  and  that  he  translated  also  into  Latin  the  pro- 
phecies of  Myrddin  Emrys ;  that  he  divided  the  History  into 
eight  books ;  that  in  some  copies  there  are  but  four ;  but  that 
the  British  History  contained  nine  books.  Mr.  Leland  was  mis- 
informed ;  for  the  original  British  History  hath  no  divisions  of 
chapters  or  books  at  all,  which  is  a  proof  of  its  antiquity. 

Leland  says  he  also  saw  Merlinus  Caledonius'  Life  in  verse, 
wrote  by  Galfrid,  etc.,  etc. ;  and  besides  the  British  History,  he 
translated  out  of  the  British  into  Latin  a  book  of  the  ExUe  of 
tlie  British  Clergy, 

The  native  Welsh  know  nothing  of  either  the  names  oi  Jeffrey 
or  Galfrid,  and  never  heard  that  a  person  of  such  a  name  ever 
meddled  with  their  history,  so  little  has  been  the  repute  of  his 
Latin  translation  among  them  who  have  the  original  British 
History  under  the  title  of  Brut  y  Brerihinoedd,  wrote  by  Tyssilio 
ap  Brychfael  Ysgithrog.  On  the  contrary,  among  the  English, 
French,  and  other  nations,  the  history  is  known  by  no  other 
name  but  Galfridus  Monemuthensis,  or  Jeffrey  or  GeoflPrey  of 
Monmouth,  or  Geoffrey  ap  Arthur,  or  the  Monk  of  Monmouth ; 
or  sometimes,  when  it  is  quoted  by  a  moderate  man  without 
abuse,  it  is  called  the  British  History,  or  the  Britan  History. 
Infinite  pains  has  been  taken  to  depreciate  it,  and  its  defenders 
but  few,  which  shews  the  strength  of  the  building  at  first. 

See  Wynne's  Preface  to  his  edition  of  Caradoc's  Chronicle ;  see 
also  Thompson's  Preface  to  his  English  translation  of  Galfrid's 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  187 

Latin  translation  t)f  the  British  History ;  and  Sir  John  Pryse's 
Defence  of  the  British  History ;  and  Dr.  PoweL  Bishop  of  St, 
Asaph,  1151 ;  died,  1165.     (MS.) 

Galgacus,  a  King  of  the  North  Britons,  mentioned  by  Tacitus. 
His  British  name  was  Gwallawc  or  Gwcdlog.  See  Camden's 
blunder  in  Caledonia.  There  is  a  place  called  Gwallog  near 
Aberystwyth  in  Ceredigion ;  and  a  bank  in  the  sea  there  called 
8am  Wallog,  i.  «.,  Gwallog's  Causeway.     See  Owalhg, 

Galon,  Oalli. 

Gals,  an  island  in  the  Grecian  sea,  where  Utp  Luyddog  and 
his  British  auxiliaries  settled  after  destroying  Macedon  and 
Greece  and  the  Temple  of  Apollo  at  Delphos.  This  was  Brennus' 
and  Belgius'  expedition.  (TV.  40.)     See  Avenn, 

Gall  or  Gwall  (n.  pr.  v.).  GaU,  mab  Dysgyfedawc,  one  of 
the  three  unben  Deifr  a  Brynych,  i.  e.,  chief  heads  of  Deira  and 
Bemicia.  {Tr,  16.)  He  killed  Gwenddolau's  two  birds,  which 
were  yoked  together  by  a  gold  chain,  and  devoured  two  bodies 
of  the  Cymru  for  their  dinners,  and  two  for  their  suppers.  Un 
o'r  tair  mad  gyflafan.  {Tr,  37.)  What  the  meaning  of  this  story 
is  is^hard  to  det<ermine,  unless  this  Gwenddolau  gave  the  bodies 
of  the  Cambrians  killed  in  battle  to  feed  vidtures  or  eagles. 

Gallgo  (St.):  hence  Llanallgo,  Anglesey.  See  Gildas  ap  Caw, 

Gallgwn,  the  Gauls.  {Tyssilio.)  Nant  Gallgwn,  Gaul-brook. 

Gallgwn.     Henry  ap  Gallgwn  Ddu  o  Feilienydd. 

Gallt  y  Celyn,  a  gentleman's  seat.    («/".  D) 

Gallt  Gadwallon,  where  a  battle  was  fought  by  Ywein  Cyf- 

eiliog. 

Gwaed  ar  wallt  rhag  Allt  Gadwallawn 

Tn  Llannereh  yn  Llendir  Merviniawn. 

Oyndddwy  i  Tw.  Cyfeiliog. 

Gallt  y  Trypan. 

Gwrdd  y  gwnaeth  uch  Dendraeth  Dryfan. 

LL  Br,  Moch. 

Gallu,  father  of  St.  Elian  or  Elian  Ceimiad  ;  in  the  Pedigrees 

called  Alltud  Bedegawg. 

A'i  gyllell  y  gwnaeth  Qtdla 

Torri  i  ben  nid  hir  y  bu. — 0.  ap  Gweflyn. 

See  ElUyd  and  AllUid, 


188  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Gallwyddyl,  in  Taliesin  Gallivyddel,  the  most  ancient  Gauls, 
first  planters  of  Britain,  called  by  the  Irish  Gall  Gaidelia,  the 
people  of  the  Hebrides.  The  Irish  call  the  Hebrides  {Ogygia^ 
p.  360)  iThse  Gall,  i.  e.,  Ynysoedd  Gall,  the  Islands  of  the  Gauls ; 
Cambro-British,  ffeledd,  JErch  a  Heledd,  the  Orcades  and  Heb- 
rides. I  wish  to  find  in  what  the  language  of  those  islanders 
differs  from  the  Irish. 

Gam  or  Cam,  one-eyed ;  the  surname  of  a  valiant  Cambro- 
British  captain,  Syr  Davydd  Gam,  who  served  in  France  under 
Henry  V,  and  was  there  killed  a.d.  1414.  His  expression  to  the 
King,  who  sent  him  to  reconnoitre  the  French,  is  well  known : 
"Enough  to  kill,  enough  to  be  taken,  and  enough  to  run  away.'' 

Ganllwyd  (Y),  peth  o  dir  Phylip  Dorddu.  Mae  lie  o'r  enw 
ger  Haw  Dolgellau.  [Brenhinbren  y  Ganllwyd.  Triugeinllath  y 
GanUwyA—  W,  R] 

Gannoc,  a  blundering  name  given  by  some  Saxon  writers  to 
Diganwy,  when  rebuilt  by  Henry  III.  {Matth.  Paris,  p.  924.) 
See  Teganvjy, 

Gar,  qu.  Llangar  [Llan  Garw  Gwyn. —  W.  2>.],  a  church  and 
parish  in  the  deanery  of  Edeirnion,  Merionethshire. 

Gaeanawg  Gloywddigar  ap  Cwnnws. 

Garanir.     Gwyddno  Garanir,  lord  of  Cantref  Gwaelod. 

Cwynfan  Gwyddno  Garanir 
T  troes  Duw  y  dwfr  tros  dir. 

G.  Ghjn,  i  Rys  Abad  Tetrad  Fflur. 

Gardd,  properly  a  garden.  Yr  Ardd  Ganol,  one  of  the  two 
commots  of  Gwent  Llwg,  Monmouthshire. 

Gardd  y  Medd,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Abergeleu. 

Garddun  Arddunig,  mother  of  Tyssilio  ap  BrochvaeL  (Ci/n- 
ddelw) 

Garddwr,  a  headland  in  the  north  of  Anglesey  (i  gardd  and 
dwr,  or  garth  and  dwr,  or  rather  garwddvrr,  i,  e.,  rough  water). 
A  gentleman's  seat  in  Denbighshire,  qu.  ?  Evan  Oethin  of  Gar- 
ddwr and  Glascoed  [or  leuan  Gethin  of  Gartheryr  and  Glasgoed. 
—  W,  D.] 

Gared  (Y),  peth  o  arglwyddiaeth  Syr  Roger  Vychan. 

Gargoed,  a  place  near  Ystrad  Fflur  (q.  d.  gardd  goed). 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  189 

Gabmon^  St.  Germanus.  This  W8ts  German  the  Gaul  that 
came  to  Britain  with  the  title  of  Legate  from  Pope  Celestine  I 
in  the  year  429,  and  was  pitched  upon  by  a  synod  of  Gallican 
bishops  to  suppress  the  Pelagian  heresy.  He  was  made  by  the 
Emperor  Honorius  Visitor  of  AuxeiTe,  made  Bishop  against  his 
will,  and  succeeded  Amator.  In  his  British  journey  he  quelled  a 
storm  at  sea,  stopped  fires,  etc.,  put  to  flight  the  Picts  and  Saxons 
without  fighting,  and  having  confuted  the  Pelagians,  returned 
home ;  but  was  called  to  Britain  a  second  time,  cured  the  son 
of  Elaphius,  preached,  and  returned  home.  (Brit.  Sanct)  There 
was  another  Gannon,  Bishop  of  Man.  Bede  says  he  was  a 
Prince  of  Auxerre  in  Burgundy,  and  his  comrade.  Lupus  of 
Troyes  in  Champaign.  It  is  a  wonder  Lupus  had  not  a  church 
dedicated  to  him  as  well  as  Grarmon.  [lianfleiddan  or  lian- 
bleiddian,  which  see,  was  dedicated  to  him.  He  is  called 
Bleiddan  Sant  in  old  Welsh  MSS. — I.M,]  See  Bede's  supersti- 
tious account  of  these  men.  GermaniLS  AUisidorensisy  A.D.  470. 
{MS,) 

St.  Gannon  ap  Redcus  o  Ffraingc  a  ddaeth  yma  yn  oes  Gwr- 
thejrm  Gwrtheneu.  {MS?j  Garmon  died  a.d.  435.  (E.  Llwyd, 
Notes  on  Oamden,  Flintshire.)  How  comes  he  to  be  in  Britain 
in  the  time  of  Gwrtheym,  about  the  year  460  ? 

Llanarmon,  a  chapel  in  Lleyn ;  lianarmon  yn  lal,  a  church 
and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  lal,  Denbighshire ;  Llanarmon,  a 
parish  in  Dyflfryn  Ceiriog,  Denbighshire ;  Cappel  Garmon,  in  the 
parish  of  Llanrwst.  [Ffynnon  Garmon  in  Mechain  is  Coed. — 
W.  D.]    See  Nemiius. 

Garn  (Y),  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Ehos  (Roose)  in  Pem- 
brokeshire. 

Garneddwen  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat  [in  Llanwddyn  parish. — 
J.  D.,  W.  JD.] 

Garth,  a  word  used  in  the  composition  of  names,  signifying 
a  promontory  generally,  a  mountain,  or  sometimes  an  island-hill 
on  a  river. 

Garth  Eryr,  a  gentleman's  seat ;  Garth  Beibio ;  Garth  Gar- 
mon, a  gentleman's  seat ;  Garth  Gwidol,  in  Emlyn  ;  Garthmael, 
a  gentleman's  seat(Jones);  Garth  Grugyn  Castle (Oaracfoc, p. 308); 
Garth  Lwyd,  a  gentleman's  seat ;  Garth  Branan,  a  headland  near 


190  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Bangor  Vawr.  Uanfair  Grarth  Branan  was  the  ancient  name  of 
Bangor.  Garth  Gogo  manor,  Caermarthenshire ;  Garth,  a  gentle- 
man's seat,  Brecknockshire ;  Garth,  a  place  near  Bangor  Vawr ; 
Gogarth,  a  headland  near  Conwy ;  Ilwydiarth,  a  gentleman's 
seat  in  Anglesey  and  Montgomeryshire ;  Garth  Angharad,  near 
Dolgelleu.  Gorarth  (i  gor  and  garth).  Llanvihangel  ar  Arth, 
Caermarthenshire. 

Garth  Beibo,  lands  given  by  Cynan  (Wledig)  to  Tydecho,  the 
abbot  of  Mowddwy,  in  atonement  for  an  attempt  to  ravish  Teg- 
fedd  his  sister ;  he  and  his  followers  having  been  struck  with 
blindness  in  the  attempt,  or  lost  themselves  in  a  fog. 

Garth  Beibio  is  a  church  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  Welsh 
Poole,  on  the  river  Twrch,  in  Caereinion  Ymhowys,  now  Mont- 
gomeryshire.    See  Tydecho. 

Garthan,  qu.  ?    See  Amwyn, 

Garth  Branan,  a  headland  near  Bangor.  Uanfair  Garth 
Branan,  the  name  of  Bangor  Church,  which  Br.  Willis  fancifully 
makes  to  be  Edgarth  Frenin. 

Garth  Celyn,  the  place  where  Prince  Llewelyn  ap  Grufiyth 
dated  his  letter  to  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  in  defence  of 
his  proceedings  against  the  English  who  oppressed  his  people 
(JT.  Lhvyd,  1281.)     See  Ahergarth  Celyn. 

Garth  Eryr,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Garth  Garmon,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Garth  Geri,  where  Tudur  Aled  the  poet  lived.  See  TvdurAled. 

Garth  Gogo  Manor,  Caermarthenshire. 

Garth  Grugyn,  a  castle  rebuilt  by  Maelgwn  Vychan,  ad. 
1242.     {Caradoe,  p.  308.) 

Garth  Gwidol,  in  Emlyn,  qu.  ?  Arglwydd  Garth  Gwidol 
See  Gwidol  river. 

Garth  Gynan,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Dyffryn  Clwyd. 

Garth  Lwyd,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (/.  J?.) 

Garthmael,  a  gentleman's  seat.    Jones.     (J.  D.) 

Garth  Maelawc,  a  place  in  North  Wales,  where  there  was 
a  battle  fought  between  the  Britains  and  Saxons,  a.d.  721.  {Car- 
adoc)  Qu.  whether  Garth  Maelan  near  Dolgelleu,  or  perhaps 
Garth  Meiliog,  a  gentleman's  seat  ?  {J.  D.)  Wynne  of  Cwm- 
mein  and  Garth  Meiliog. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  191 

Garth  Mathrin,  nunc  Brecheiniog. 
Garth  t  Neuadd,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Ehuthyn  land. 
Garth  Orbren  (n.  1.). 

Garth  Ynghegidfa,  a  gentleman's  seat.    Wynne. 
Garthyniawg  (n.  L). 
Garw.    Idris  Arw  ap  Gwyddno  Garanir. 
Garwen,  daughter  of  Henyn,  a  concubine  of  King  Arthur. 
{Tr,  60.) 
Garwy  (n.  pr.  v.),  cariad  Creirwy. 

Nid  wyf  ddi  hynwyf  hoen  Creirwy 

Hoywdcg  am  hndodd  mal  Garwy. — H.  op  Einton, 

Garwyn.     Cynan  Garwyn. 

Gavelford.  Here  a  cruel  battle  was  fought  between  the 
Britons  and  the  West  Saxons  of  Devonshire,  a.d.  828,  and  after 
a  great  slaughter  of  many  thousands  the  victory  uncertain. 
(Powel,  Car.,  p.  25.)  And  the  next  year  Egbert  brought  all  the 
Saxon  kings  under  his  dominion,  and  changed  the  name  of 
Britain  into  England. 

Gavelkind  or  Gavalettum,  a  kind  of  ancient  tenure  in  Britain 
where  the  father's  lands  were  divided  equally  among  the 
children ;  a  custom  proper  enough  in  a  young  colony,  but  de- 
structive in  an  ancient  settlement.  English  antiquaries  have 
puzzled  themselves  to  derive  the  word  from  the  Saxon  tongue, 
when  they  might  with  great  ease  have  found  it  in  the  British. 
Gavael  is  a  hold ;  and  gynty  of  old  time ;  so  gavaelgynt  is  ancient 
tenure.  Or  if,  upon  the  first  plantation  of  the  island,  Keint  (i.  6., 
Kent)  was  the  first  country  inhabited,  as  the  name  infers,  then 
gavelgeint  meant  the  Kentish  tenure,  which  is  still  of  the  same 
signification,  and  means  ^plantation  tenure. 

Gaulon,  enw  Ue  (Ceretica),  signifying  a  deep  shore.  Dafydd 
Goch  0  Gaulon. 

Gawnt,  Gaunt,  the  metropolis  of  Flanders. 

Gynt  a*i  law  esgud  Ghiwnt  a  losgodd. — Sion  Tudur. 

Gawen  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Gawy  (n.  pr.  v.)  {Dr.  Davids)  Caer  Gawy,  an  old  British 
camp  near  Prysgage,  Cardiganshire. 

Gawran  or  Gafran,  tad  Ayddan  Vradog. 


192  CELTIC  R  EM AINS. 

Gefni  :  see  Oefni, 
Geife,  river.     Aber  y  Geifr. 
Geieiol  ap  Oenau  ap  Coel.     {Rhys  Goch  Eryri.) 
Geieionydd,  qu.  Llyn  Geirionydd,  a  lake  about  two  miles  from 
Trefriw  in  Eryri  Mountains.     It  is  mentioned  by  Taliesin. 

A  wn  i  enw  Aneuryn  Wawdrydd 

A  minnea'n  trigo  'nglan  Llyn  Geirionydd. 

It  is  also  mentioned  in  the  eighth  battle  of  Llywelyn  ap  lor- 
werth,  if  not  falsely  transcribed  for  Meirixmydd : 

Engiriawl  rubeth  am  rybydd  angerdd 
Ar  gerddgerdd  Geiryonydd. 

Gelbenefin  (n.  pr.  v.),  cog  Elidir  Mwynfawr.    {Tr.  Meirch,  1.) 

Geleu  (fl.) :  hence  Abergeleu,  a  village,  church,  and  parish,  in 
Denbighshire. 

Gell  (Y),  qu.  whether  contracted  from  Gelli.  Coed  y  Gell 
(q.  d.  Coed  y  Gelli),  a  rock  above  Dulas  Sand  in  Anglesey,  formeriy 
abounded  with  hazle-trees :  the  sand,  in  digging,  is  found  full  of 
them.     Qu.  whether  it  would  not  make  good  manure  ? 

Gelletj  river  runs  by  the  town  of  Dolgelleu,  through  a  valley 
of  that  name  (Meirion). 

Gelli  Aue,  the  Golden  Grove. 

Gelli  Daevawc,  a  place  where  the  men  of  G^yr,  Brecheiniog, 
and  GwentUwg,  met  the  English  and  Normans,  and  fought  them 
and  put  them  to  flight,  a.d.  1094.     (Caradoc,  p.  153.) 

Gelli  Dywyll,  in  Cenarth,  Carmarthenshire. 

Gelli  Felgaws,  Glamorganshire. 

Gelli  Gandeyll  (Y),  The  Hay,  Brecknockshire. 

Gelli  Gae,  a  parish,  Glamorganshire.  [Gelli  Groer,  where  there 
is  an  old  Eoman  fort,  from  which  the  place  takes  its  name. — 
LM,] 

Gelli  Gaeiad,  Love's  Grove,  Cardiganshire. 

Gelli  Gogau,  Cardiganshire. 

Gelli  Gynan,  a  township.     (/.  jP.) 

Gelli  Ioeweeth,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Trawsfynydd. 

Gelli  Onnen.  Mynydd  Gelli  Onnen  in  the  parish  of  Uan- 
gyfelach ;  a  monument  found  in  a  cam.     {E.  Llvyyd) 

Gelli  Wastod  al.  Wasteawd,  in  Llangyfelach,  Glamorgan- 
shire. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  193 

Gelli  Wen,  in  Trelech,  Caermarthenshire. 

Gelliwig,  one  of  Arthur's  palaces  in  Cornwall.  Gelliswick 
in  Milford  Haven  seems  to  be  of  the  same  origin. 

I  Gelli  Wig  ag  i'w  Uya.— IV.  46. 
Y  Wig,  near  Bangor,  and  another  near  Aberystwyth. 

Gelohwydd.  Cefn  Gelorwydd,  a  place  mentioned  by  Ilygad 
Gwr  in  an  ode  to  Lly welyn  ap  Grufiydd. 

Gemeirnon  Hen,  father  of  Geraint  Hir.    (TV.  62.) 

Gener  DiNLLE,  q.  d.  Geneu*r  Dinlle.  Phylip  Gruffydd  o  Ene'r 
Dinlle. 

Generys,  verch  Madog  ap  Gronwy. 

Generys  Vechan  ap  Rotpart. 

GENEtfR  Glyn,  a  pass  on  the  borders  of  South  Wales,  near 
Aberdyvi  At  a  place  called  now  Uanvihangel  Genau'r  Glyn 
there  was  a  castle  of  Walter  Espeo  the  Norman,  called  to  this 
day  Castell  Gwallter.  There  is  a  manor  or  lordship  here  that 
goes  by  the  name  of  Arglwyddiaeth  Geneu'r  Glyn  (Powel,  Oar,, 
p.  189);  perhaps  meaning  Gljoi  Tstwyth,  Gljm  Eheidiol,  or 
Glyn  Aeron. 

Geneu'r  Glyn  is  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Penwedig 
in  Cardiganshire.  (Price,  Descr.)  There  are  several  forts  or 
castles  in  the  pass ;  as  Castell  Caletwr,  Castellan,  etc. 

GeneuW  Glyn  signifies  the  mouth  of  the  valley ;  perhaps  of 
Glyn  Dyfi. 

Geneuwy,  Geneva  (n.  L). 

Genhillyn  (n.  pr.  v.).     Cadifor  ap  Genillin. 

Genhylles  (Lat.  Venilia),  daughter,  or  an  adopted  daughter, 
of  Claudius  C»sar,  married  to  Gweyrydd,  King  of  Britain,  upon 
a  peace  and  an  alliance  made  between  them ;  so  that  this  accounts 
for  Claudius*  success  and  short  stay  then  in  Britain,  as  he  was 
assisted  by  Gweyrydd  to  subdue  the  northern  islands,  which 
Tyssilio  calls  Ore.  This  Gweyrydd  is  called  in  Latin  Arviragtcs, 
and  some  British  writers  call  him  Gwerydd  Arxoyneddog  and 
Adar  Weriedog, 

Genillin  ap  Gwaithvoed  ap  Elffin. 

Genissa  ach  Gloyw,  married  to  King  Gweirydd. 

Genoa,  Genev,  wy  or  aw ;  but  rather  (Jeneva  is  Geneuwy. 

Geraint  (n.  pr.  v.):  Lat.  Gerontius,    (ff.  Llwyd.) 

25 


194  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Geraint  Caeewys Spaen. 

Geraint  ap  Elidir  was  the  43rd  King  of  Britam. 

Geraint  niab  Erbin,  one  of  the  three  Llynghesawg  (admirals) 
of  Britain,  or  owners  of  fleets,  in  King  Arthur's  time.  (TV.  20.) 
A  prince  or  nobleman  of  Dyfhaint  {JS.  Llwyd,  from  Marwnad 
Geraint  by  Llywarch  Hen.)  Geraint  ab  Erbin  ab  Cynfawr,  the 
7th  after  Eudaf  Hen,  about  a.d.  530. 

Geraint  Hir  ap  Gemeirnon  Hen,  in  King  Arthur's  court. 
(Tr.  62.) 

Geraint,  a  prince  of  the  Britains  who  fought  Ina  ad.  716. 
Kil  Charan  in  Scotland.     Oil  Geraint  (n.  L),  Dyfed. 

Gerardus,  Bishop  of  Llandaf. 

German,  or  St.  Garmon,  a  disciple  of  St.  Patrick  and  the  first 
Bishop  of  Manaw  (the  Isle  of  Man),  a  Briton  brought  from  Bri- 
tain by  St.  Patriclc,  A.D.  447.    (MS.  Ohron.  ap.  Usher,  p.  335.) 

Gernerth  Castle.  {Jo.  Major,  1.  i,  c.  5.)  This  is  Gwrtheyrn- 
ion  Castle,  where  Aurelius  Ambrosius  burnt  Gwrtheym  and  his 
family. 

Gerontius.  {BedCy  1.  i,  c.  11.)  He  is  called  Count  Gerontius, 
and  belonging  to  Constans,  son  of  Constantine,  was  Gwrtheym 
Gwrtheneu,  who  is  called  by  Tyssilio  larll  ar  Went  ac  Erging 
ac  Euas ;  and  who  killed  (or  contrived  the  death  of)  Constans, 
whereby  he  got  the  crown.  {Tyssilio.)  Bede  was  quite  in  the 
dark  about  this  affair,  though  the  next  king  of  Britain  he  names 
is  Vortigem,  who  called  in  the  Saxons.  Why  would  Count 
Gerontius  kiU  Constans,  after  he  had  made  him  king  of  a  monk, 
but  to  succeed  him  as  king  ?  And  so  the  British  history  says 
Owrtheym  Gwrtheneu  did,  which  was  the  real  name  of  this  person 
called  here  by  Bede  by  the  names  of  Gerontius  and  Vortigem. 
Others  say  Gerontius  killed  himself  after  he  had  killed  his  friend 
Alanus. 

Gerwerth,  qu.  ?  Llanvihangel  Gerwerth,  a  church  and  parish 
in  Caermarthenshire. 

Gerwryd  (n.  1.).  Gorthir  Gerwryd,  a  place  where  Llywelyn 
ap  lorwerth  encamped  with  the  prime  men  of  Gwynedd. 

Gorthoei  drai  draws  a  hjd 

Gorthir  y  g^lwir  Gerwryd. — Gyloh  Llywelyn. 

Gerwyn  ap  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  195 

Gerwyn  Fawr  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat.    (/.  D) 

Geta,  the  81st  King  of  Britain. 

Gethin  :  vide  Cethin. 

Gevenni  or  Gavenni  (fl.),  Gobannium :  hence  Abergavenni, 
now  Abeiganni  (Lat.  Abergennium  and  Abergavennium),  i,  e.,  Os- 
tium Grobanii,  the  fall  of  Gevenni  into  the  Wysg. 

Gevisse,  Bede's  name  for  the  West  Saxons  (1.  iii,  c.  7);  whe- 
ther from  Unas  or  3unas  ? 

Gilbert  (n.  pr.  v.),  ad.  600.  Gilbert  mab  Cadgyflfro,  one  of 
the  three  yscymydd  aerau.     ( JV.  29.) 

GiLDAS  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  name  famous  among  the  ancient  Britains, 
of  which  there  were  four. 

GiLDAS,  the  British  poet  and  historiographer.  He  is  men- 
tioned by  Tyssilio  in  his  British  History,  by  Ponticus  Virunnius, 
by  lilius  Greg.  Giraldus,  and  by  Leland.  He  lived  in  the  time 
of  Claudius  the  Emperor,  a.d.  47;  conveyed  to  Italy  by  Blasius, 
says  Robert  Vaughan  {Oomman-Plaee  Book,  MS,), 

Ponticus  Virunnius  says  (p.  10)  that  GUdas  the  poet  and  his- 
torian turned  the  Molmutine  Laws  into  Latin,  and  King  Alfred 
into  English.  So  Galfrid's  Latin  edition  in  the  reign  of  Belinus ; 
but  in  the  British  copy  only  plain  GUdas.  The  same  Ponticus 
Virunnius  says  that  Gildas,  the  noble  British  poet,  who  lived  in 
the  time  of  Claudius,  turned  certain  verses  out  of  Greek  into 
Latin, — "  Diva  potens,"  etc.  He  also  (p.  14)  says  the  account  of 
the  contention  between  Lludd  and  Minniaw  is  wrote  by  Gildas 
the  famous  poet  and  historian  ;  and  also  (p.  7)  says  that  Gildas 
the  poet  wrote  of  the  prophecy  of  the  partridge  which  spoke  in 
the 

Gildas,  a  British  monk,  who,  being  of  the  Medrawd  faction, 
retreated  over  to  Armorica  after  the  battle  of  Camlan,  and  there 
wrote  that  bitter  invective  against  the  princes  of  the  insular 
Britains  which  is  called  his  epistle  [de]  EoocidioBritannice,  though, 
from  several  marks  in  it,  it  appears  that  the  succeeding  monks 
have  fingered  it  to  their  own  purpose.  He  was  the  son  of  Caw 
o  Brydyn,  t.  e,,  Scotland,  bom  in  the  valley  of  Clwyd,  near  Dun- 
britton,  says  Caradoc ;  and  Medrawd's  sons,  who  were  killed  by 
Cwstenyn,  were  his  nep?iew8,  which  was  the  real  cause  of  his 
venom  in  that  epistle  against  the  British  nation  in  general. 


196  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Either  that  epistle  hath  been  corrupted,  or  else  Gildas  did  not 
understand  the  British  tongue ;  for  Cuneglas  doth  not  signify 
Yellow  Butcher,  as  that  epistle  says ;  and  Mr.  E.  Uwyd  hath, 
out  of  compliment  to  Gildas,  made  Cynglas  of  it. 

He  is  called  Gildas  Badonicas  because  he  mentions  the  battle 
of  Mons  Badon  to  have  been  the  year  he  was  born,  which  Usher 
says  was  in  the  year  520 ;  others,  493 ;  and  by  his  epistle  it 
appears  that  he  was  cotemporary  with  GwrthefjT  ap  Erbin,  King 
of  Demetia,  whom  he  abuses  sufficiently : — "  Tu  Vortipori",  etc. ; 
so  that  he  was  alive  in  the  year  564  {B,  Vaughan),  and  died 
A.D.  570  (Usher),  50  years  of  age.  Arthur  died  542,  when  Gil- 
das Badonicus  was  22  years  of  age,  and  under  the  instruction  of 
Iltutus  in  Glamorganshire. 

His  father.  Caw,  was  a  Prince  of  Scotland,  or  of  the  royal 
family,  and  had  a  numerous  family.  He  was  brought  up  by 
St.  ntutus,  as  some  say ;  others,  by  Cattwg.  Thence  he  went 
to  Ireland,  where  he  taught  in  the  school  of  Armagh ;  thence  he 
went  to  Armorica,  and  founded  the  monastery  of  Eewys  or  Euys, 
and  made  him  an  oratory  on  the  banks  of  the  river  Blavet, 
where  he  is  supposed  to  have  writ  his  epistle. 

Englynion  y  Clywed  mentions  Gildas  ap  Caw,  milwr  adgas  ; 
and  Bangar  ap  Caw,  milwr  clodgar ;  and  Huail  ap  Caw  Cym- 
mwyll  arail.  Henwau'r  Seintiau  hath  one  ...  Wrlai  ap  Caw.  The 
Triades  mentions  one  Huail  ap  Caw  as  one  of  the  chief  noble 
officers  in  Arthur's  army, — "  un  o'r  tri  taleithiawc  cad";  i.  e.,  one 
of  the  three  diademed  or  crowned  generals.  In  an  ancient 
British  MS.  I  find  a  note, — "  Gildas  mab  Caw  arglwydd  Cwm 
Cawlwyd",  i  c,  lord  of  Cwm  Cawlwyd.  Tyssilio  quotes  one 
Gildas  who  wrote  the  wars  of  Emrys  Wledig.    Usher  quotes  the 

same  on  the  authority,  I  suppose,  of  Galfrid,  if  not  of ,  and 

Bishop  Lloyd  seems  to  like  the  quotation.  • 

There  is  an  abbey  in  Bretagne  at  this  day  which  bears  his 
name.  Some  think  there  was  another  Gildas  ancienter  than  this, 
viz.,  that  died  about  the  year  512,  called  Gildas  the  Albanian, 
of  which  number  is  Usher.     (Brit,  Sanct) 

Gildas  ap  Caw  o  Brydyn,  commonly  called  Gildas  Albanius. 
This  Gildas'  Life  was  wrote  by  Caradoc  o  Llangarvan.  Caradoc 
gays  he  was  the  son  of  Naw,  King  of  the  Scots  in  the  north,  who 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  197 

had  twenty-four  sons,  valiant  and  warlike,  one  of  wtom  was 
Gildas,  who  applied  himself  to  the  study  of  sciences.  In  one 
copy  of  Caradoc,  which  John  Bale  had,  he  is  called  Navtis,  King 
of  the  Picts  (not  Scots).  In  Capgrave's  Legend  he  is  called  Can, 
King  of  Albania,  which  should  be  wrote  Cau.  In  an  anony- 
mous writer  of  some  Gildas'  life,  found  in  the  Florence  Library, 
by  J.  k  Bosco  [it  is  stated]  that  Gildas'  father  is  called  0 annus, 
and  his  country  Arecluta,  which  joins  on  the  river  Clut  (pro- 
bably the  Clwyd)  in  the  NortL  Usher  says  it  is  Argetheliam 
(Argyleshire).  The  same  anonymous  author  says  Caunus  had 
four  other  sons  besides  Gildas,  and  a^laughter.  This,  therefore, 
is  not  the  same  with  the  first  Gildas  that  had  twenty-three 
brothers:  or  he  was  misinformed  about  the  number  of  his 
children.  The  eldest  son  was  CuiUus,  a  great  warrior,  who  suc- 
ceeded his  father  in  the  kingdom ;  Maelocus,  a  religious,  who 
built  a  monastery  at  Lyuhes  in  Elmael ;  Aegreas,  AUaeco,  and 
Peteona,  a  sister,  had  their  oratories  in  the  extreme  part  of  the 
region.     ( Usher,) 

This  Cuillus  is  rightly  called  by  Capgrave  Howelus;  by  others, 
Hael,  Hud,  and  Huelinus,  For  that  in  the  monastery  of  Glas- 
tonbury it  is  wrote  in  an  old  register  there  that  King  Arthur 
defeated  Haelus  the  King  of  Scotland,  and  subdued  the  country, 
whose  brother  the  great  historiographer  was.  Gildas  Albaniae 
might  be  a  historiographer.  Caradog,  in  Gildas  Albanius'  Life, 
says  that  the  twenty-three  brothers  of  Gildas  rebelled  against 
Arthur,  and  that  Huel,  the  eldest,  a  famous  warrior,  obeyed 
neither  Arthur  nor  any  other  king.  He  often  made  descents 
from  Scotland  on  Arthur's  subjects.  Arthur,  the  supreme  king, 
hearing  of  this^  made  war  on  him  from  place  to  place,  and  at 
last  killed  him  at  Myiiaw,  and  was  glad  to  overcome  such  a 
powerful  enemy.  This  Mynaw  is  Anglesey,  says  Usher;  and 
the  author  of  Mona  Antigua  follows  him,  and  says  young  Arthur, 
A.D.  505,  killed  Howel  ap  Caw  in  Anglesey.  Upon  this  Gildas 
came  from  Ireland,  and  pacified  King  Arthur  with  his  tears 
and  the  petitions  of  all  the  British  clergy,  etc.  Usher  places 
this  Gildas  from  A.D.  425  to  512 ;  died  87  years  old ;  he  had  a 
great  school  in  Ireland ;  concludes  he  is  a  difiTerent  person  from 
Gildas  the  author  of  the  epistle  De  Excidio  Britannice,  published 


198  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

by  PoL  Virgil,  and  commonly  surnamed  Badonicus.  But  Bishop 
Nicolson  will  not  allow  this,  and  says  that  Gildas  has  been  split 
into  three.     (Hist.  Lihr) 

Gildas  Nennius,  Sir  John  Pryse  in  his  Description  of  Wales, 
before  Caradoc's  Chronicle,  quotes  Nennius'  book  by  the  name 
of  Gildas.  In  his  Defence  of  the  British  History  he  also  quotes 
Nennius  and  the  rasures,  in  some  numbers,  of  an  account  of  time 
in  it,  by  the  name  of  Gildas,  and  says  that  Leland  gives  it  to 
Nennius.  This  is  the  Gildas  MS.  in  the  Cotton  Library,  called 
there  Gildas  Minor.  Humphrey  Lloyd,  in  his  Descript  Brit,, 
p.  32,  quotes  Nennius  in  it  by  the  name  of  Gildas,  about  Caer 
Vortigern.  In  Hengwrt  Library  the  MS.  of  Nennius,  wrote  by 
the  great  antiquary  fiobert  Yaughan,  and  collated  with  all  the 
copies  in  the  public  libraries,  is  entitled  Gildas  Nennius.  In 
the  account  of  the  tombs  of  the  warriors  of  Britain,  wrote  by 
Taliesin,  one  Caw  is  mentioned  among  the  great  warriors ;  and 
in  Englynion  y  Cly  wed  three  of  his  sons  are  mentioned.  His 
son  Gildas  is  there  called  the  "  hated  warrior"  (*'  Gildas  ap  Caw 
milwr  adgas"),  or  perhaps  the  father  was  "  adcas". 

Lewis  Glyn  Cothi,  who  flourished  about  1450,  makes  Caw,  the 

father  of  the  Cambrian  saints,  to  have  resided  at  Twrkelyn  in 

Anglesey. 

Cynhedda  fab  Gwrda  gwyn, 

Caw  eilwaith  o  DwrceljiL—Cowydd  Ynys  Moii, 

These  were  two  of  the  three  Gwelygordd  Saint  Cymry ;  and  in 
the  Genealogies  in  the  Llyfr  Goch  o  ffergest,  in  Jesus  College,  I 
find  the  three  Gwelygordd  to  be  Plant  Cynedda  Wledig,  Plant 
Brychan  Brycheiniog,  and  Plant  Caw  o  Frydmn;  which  "  Fiy- 
dain"  is  a  mistake  of  the  transcribers  for  Prydyn,  now  called 
Scotland;  called  formerly  the  Unconquered  Britain.  But  in 
enumerating  the  last  Gwelygordd,  the  same  Genealogies  make 
them  the  children  of  Caw  o  Twrkelyn,  which  is  in  Anglesey.  Is 
it  not  plain,  then,  that  Caw  came  from  North  Britain  with  his 
family,  and  settled  in  Anglesey,  at  Twrcelyn,  since  we  know 
that  Cynedda's  children,  who  came  from  Scotland,  did  settle  over 
all  Wales,  having  whole  counties  to  their  shares,  as  Cereticus 
had  Ceredigion,  etc.,  from  whence  they  had  drove  the  Irish  Scots  ? 
GiLER  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire.     Eobert  Price, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  199 

one  •  of  the  Barons  of  the  Exchequer  in  King  William's  time, 
was  owner  of  this  place  ;  as  was  Ehys  Wynne  ap  Cadwaladr  of 
Giler,  who  disputed  in  poetry  with  Thomas  Price  of  Plaa  lolyn. 
See  Price's  Poems  (MS.). 

GiLFACH  (Y),  a  house  in  Creuddyn,  Caernarvonshire. 

GiLFACH  Wen  (Y),  a  gentleman^s  seat.  {Ow.  ap  leuan  Hen,) 
Cil&ch  Afal,  a  place  in  Cardiganshire. 

GiEALDUS  Cambrensis  :  soo  Silvester  Giraldvs. 

Glais.   Blaen  y  Glais,  Glamorgan ;  Pen  Glais,  Cardiganshire. 

Glam  Hector,  a  Prince  of  the  Irish  Scots,  whose  sons  invaded 
Britain  about  the  year  440.  Tsgroeth  took  Dalrieuda,  part  of 
the  Alban  ;  Builke  took  the  Isle  of  Man ;  Bethoun  took  Deme- 
tia,  with  Gwyr  and  CydwelL  (Price's  Append.  Nennius.)  Mr. 
Camden,  in  his  first  edition  (1586),  calls  this  person,  out  of 
Nennius,  Ilam  Odor ;  but  in  Gibson's  edition  (1695)  it  is  wrote 
Elam  HoctoTy  and  in  the^  margin  Clan  Hocior,  Strange  incohe- 
rencies !     (See  Gdle^B  Nennius.)     See  Clam  Hodor. 

Glamorgan,  an  English  name  corrupted  from  Gtvlad  Morgan 
or  Morganwg,  a  county  in  South  Wales,  part  of  the  territory  of 
the  Silures,  as  they  were  called  by  the  Romans  for  Iselv^yr.  See 
Morganwg. 

Glann,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  signifying  the  side  or  bank  or 
margin  of  a  river,  prefixed  to  the  names  of  several  places  ;  as, 
Glann  Hafren  (n.  1.) ;  Glan  Gwy  (n.  1.)  ;  Glan'r  Afon  (n.  L)  ; 
Glann  Alaw,  Anglesey ;  Glann  Brftn,  Caermarthenshire ;  Glan 
y  Meichiaid  in  Meivod  [this  is  Nant  y  Meichiaid — W,D!\\  Glan 
Llyfni,  Breknockshire.  In  Scotland:  Glen  Luce  Bay;  Glen 
Shield ;  Glen  Elg ;  Ruther  Glen. 

Glan  Wysg  gvvae  galon  ei  wyr. — Bhisiari  lorwerth. 

[Glann,  in  South  Wales,  is  a  hill. — /.  M.] 

Glan  Alaw,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Anglesey,  on  the  banks  of 
the  river  Alaw. 

Glan  yr  Annell.    {L,  G.  Cothi) 
•     Glan  Cynllaith. 

Glas,  blue,  pale,  or  green,  in  the  names  of  men  and  places,  and 
as  cognomens.  Cynog  Las,  i.  e,,  Cynog  the  Pale,  a  prince  men- 
tioned by  GUdas. 


200  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Y  Marchog  Glas  o  Wynedd  [o  Went—  JT.  D.],  Sir  William  [ab] 
Thomas  [of  Rhaglan—  W.  D.]. 

Y  Bardd  Glas  o'r  Gadair. 

Brutus  Darian  Las,  i,  e.,  Brutus  witli  the  blue  shield. 

Gruflydd  Ms  ap  Gruflfydd  Frfts  o  Ddyfed. 

Bhiwlas ;  Bryn  Glas ;  Glasgrug ;  Cruclas ;  y  Maes  Glas ;  y 
Uwyn  Glas ;  y  Las  Ynys ;  and  perhaps  Clcis  Merdin  in  the  Tn- 
ades.  The  first  name  of  Britain  was  Glas,  q.  d.  the  Green  Island ; 
for  ancient  Latin  writers  called  it "  Insula  Coerula'\     See  Clas. 

Glasgrug,  a  round  green  hill  within  two  miles  of  Aberyst- 
wyth, where encamped,  a.d (Powel,  p.  179.) 

Glasvre  (n.  1.). 

Glasvyr,  a  river,  qu,  ?  or  perhaps  glas  voroedd. 

Gorvu  gwynt  gwaeddian  uch  glan  glasvjr 
Gorddwy  clan  tonnau  Talgarth  Ystyr. 

Gleddyf  Hir.  Gwilym  Gleddyf  Hir,  the  surname  given  by 
the  Britons  to  William  de  Longa  Spata. 

Gleis  (n.  pr.  v.).  Trioedd  y  Meirch,  1.  Hence  Penglais  near 
Aberystwyth. 

Gleisur  o*r  Gogledd,  father  of  Aedenawc.     (Tr.  27,) 

Glenfrinacht,  in  Antrim,  Ireland. 

Glengevin,  a  village  near  Londonderry. 

Glessych,  a  river.    Cwm  Glessych. 

Gyrryd  eifr  bran  deifr  bry  dafrych  a'th  ffon 
Gwynion  a  gleision  o  flaen  Glessych. 

D»  ab  leuan  Du^  i  S.  Earych. 

Glewisig,  a  lordship  in  Deheubarth,  from  Glywis  ap  Tegid. 
(E.  Uwyd,  Ifotes  on  Gamden,)  Myrddin  Emrys  was  found  by 
King  Vortigem's  messengers  in  the  country  called  Glevising. 
Nennius,  c.  42,  "Ad  Campum  Electi". 

Glewlwyd  Gafaelfawr.  This  seems  to  be  a  nickname  of 
him  that  was  King  Ai-thur's  chief  porter  or  officer  of  the  gates. 
He  escaped  alive  from  the  battle  of  Camlan  because  he  was  so 
strong  and  big  that  nobody  would  venture  to  strike  him.  (Tr.So.) 

Gloddaith,  enw  lie.    Madog  Gloddaith. 

Gloyw.  Caer  Loyw  {Triades) ;  another  copy,  Caer  Loy v ; 
Dr.  Thos.  Williams  {Catalogue),  Caer  Loew,  which  he  Englishes 
Glocester. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  201 

Tyssilio  says  there  was  a  city  called  Caer  Gloew,  built  by 
Gloew  Kessar,  the  Emperor,  on  the  river  Hafren,  on  the  confines 
of  Loegria  and  Cambria,  in  memory  of  the  marriage  of  his 
daughter^  Genhylles,  with  Gweyrydd,  King  of  Britain ;  and  that 
other  writers  say  it  was  built  by  his  son  (i,  e.,  grandson),  Gloew 
Gwlad  Lydan,  who  was  born  there,  and  who  was  Prince  of  Cam- 
bria after  Gweyrydd.     See  Genhylles, 

Gloywddigak  :  vid.  Garanawg, 

Gloyw  Imerawtr  or  Ymerodr,  Claudius  the  Emperor.  Caer 
Loyw,  Gloucester. 

Glyder,  a  mountain  in  Eryri ;  perhaps  Y  Gludair. 

Glyn,  a  very  ancient  Celtic  word  prefixed  to  tlie  names  of 

several  places,  signifying  a  little  valley.     Glyn  in  Dyfynnog 

parish,  Brecknockshire.     Glyn  in  Ardudwy,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Glyn  Ebron,  the  valley  of  Hebron.    (Bibl.)     Glyn  Tawy.     Gen- 

eu'r  Glyn,  Cardiganshire,  a  lordship.     Glyn  Rothney,  a  lordship 

in  Morgannwc.     Glyn  Llechog,  the  Abbey  of  Aberconwy  here. 

Glyn  Wysg. 

Glyn  Tawy  galont  heel, 

Glyn  Wysg  a  wyl  glaw  yn  ei  ol. — D.  Eppynt. 

Glyn  Wrthaf ;  yno  'r  ymladdodd  Goreu  fab  Cystenin  Heusor  fab 
Dyfnedig  dros  Arthur.    {K  Llwyd)     leuan  y  Glyn  ap  Morus. 

Glyn  Achalch  or  (as  some  copies)  Glyn  Achlach,  a  place  in 
Ireland  where  Murchert,  King  of  Ireland,  and  Grufifuth  ap 
Cynan,  afterwards  King  of  Wales,  had  a  meeting  to  settle  the 
"Welsh  and  Irish  music.  This  was  about  the  year  1097.  Here 
the  twenty-four  measures  were  made  for  the  harp  and  crwth. 
The  four  masters  who  composed  them  were  Welsh  and  Irish  : 
Alban  ap  Cynan,  Bhydderch  Foel,  Matholwch  Wyddel,  and 
Aloff  Gerddwr.  And  these  measures  had  Irish  names  given 
them,  which  we  find  in  our  ancient  music  books  in  Wales  to 
this  day.  Our  Welsh  books  call  this  Murchert  Mwrckan  Wyddel; 
and  some  Irish  writers  call  him  Murchertacus,  and  Murchardo- 
cus,  and  Mariardachus.  This  seems  to  have  been  when  Grufi*. 
ap  Cynan  and  Cadwgan  ap  Bleddyn  were  retreated  to  Ireland, 
Hugh  Earl  of  Chester  and  Owen  ap  Edwyn  having  taken  pos- 
session of  their  lands  and  of  the  Isle  of  Anglesey. 

Glyn  Ceirioo. 

26 


202  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Glyn  Clwyd. 

Qwychder  galon  cler  Gljn  Clwyd  a  Thegaingl 
Ar  wyth  ngain  aelwyd, — Tudur  AUd. 
See  Dyffryn  Clwyd, 

Glyn  Cuwch  :  see  Cuwch. 

Glyn  Cyffin,  terfyn  Gwynedd  a  Phowys.  (Dr.  Davies  in  voce 
Cyffin) 

Glyn  Dyfrdwy,  one  of  the  three  comots  of  Cantre  'r  Barwn 
in  Powys  Vadog,  now  in  Meirionyddshire.  Hence  Owen  Glyn 
Dyfrdwy,  who  was  lord  of  this  place,  took  his  name.  He  gave 
the  English  a  great  deal  of  trouble  in  the  reign  of 

Glyn  Glanoo  (enw'r  gwr),  idem  quod  Glanec ;  taid  Pasgen 
ap  Helic. 

Glyn  Ieithon,  one  of  the  four  comots  of  Cantref  Melienydd, 
between  Wy  and  Hafren.     See  Ieithon  river. 

Glyn  Lufon  (enw  lie),  in  some  places  writ  Cwm  Llifon. 
liifon,  avon. 

Glyn  Nedd,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Glamorganshire. 

Glyn  Twymyn,  in  Cemaes,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Montgomery- 
shire.    See  Twymyn  river. 

Glywis  ap  Tegid,  who  gave  name  to  Glewiaig  or  Nennius' 
Gleuising. 

GoBANNiUM  (Latin) ;  Gefni  or  Cefni  river.     {E.  Llwyd.) 

GoDDAU.  Cad  Goddau  or  Gwaith  Goddau,  one  of  the  three 
frivolous  battles.  (Tr.  47.)  It  seems  Ooddeu  was  the  name  of  a 
country  in  the  north  of  Britain,  the  country  of  the  Gadeni.  John 
Major,  in  his  Hist,  Scot,  L  i,  c.  15,  mentions  a  battle  of  this 
kind  between  the  Scots  and  Picts ;  for  that  the  Picts  stole  a 
(molossus)  mastijBT  from  the  Scot^,  and  would  not  restore  it 
From  words  it  came  to  blows,  and  to  a  most  cruel  war,  in  which 
all  the  neighbouring  princes  were  engaged.  Major  makes 
Carausius  (or,  as  he  calls  him,  Carentius)  to  be  the  mediator 
between  them  about  a.d.  288,  and  that  they  then  turned  all  their 
arms  against  the  fiomans.  The  Triades  says  the  battle  of  Cad 
Goddeu  was  fought  on  account  of  a  bitch,  a  roe,  and  a  lapwing ; 
and  Tudur  Aled  calls  the  battle  Owaith  Colwyn  (the  lapdog 
battle). 

Taliesin  hath  an  ode  under  this  title,  which  is  a  battle  of 
trees, — a  bante^r  ridiculing  the  insignificant  cause  of  it. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  203 

DjgryBSwjB  Fflamddwyn 
Gk>ddan  a  Beged  i  jmddalla. — TaUesin, 
See  Owaith  and  Oad  Ooddau, 

Owaith  colwyn  yn  dwyn  y  dydd. — Tudur  Aled, 

GODIB,  borders  of  a  country  {E.  Llwyd) ;  perhaps  godre,  the 
skirts  of  a  country.     It  is  wrote  also  Ooddir  or  Godhir. 

GoDiR  Dyfnaint,  the  borders  of  Devon  {E.  Llwyd),  mentioned 
by  liywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Geraint. 

GoDiR  Pennoo,  the  place  where  Mr.  Edward  liwyd  thinks 
Urien  Eeged  lived. 

GoDEBOG  neu  Godhebog  (n.  pr.).  Coel  Godhebog,  a  Prince  of 
North  Britain ;  some  say  Hawk-faced. 

GoDFRTD,  son  of  Harald  the  Dane,  subdued  to  himself  the 
whole  Isle  of  Anglesey,  A.D.  969  (Powel,  Oaradoc,  p.  62) ;  but 
did  not  keep  it  long.  At  this  time  the  Princes  of  Wales  were 
butchering  one  another,  lago  and  leuaf  and  Howel  and  leuaf. 

GoDO  (n.  pr.  v.),  father  of  Ffleidur  Fflam.     (TV.  15.) 

GoDBis  ap  Wiliam  Goodrider^  arglwydd  Elbeth  yn  Normandy. 
■    Goedtre  (Y)  parish,  Monmouthshire. 

GoGARTH,  a  headland  at  the  mouth  of  Conwy  river,  which 
Mr.  Camden  calls  a  vast  promontory  with  a  crooked  elbow,  as  if 
Nature  designed  there  a  harbour  for  shipping ;  and  here,  he  says, 
stood  the  ancient  city  of  Diganwy,  which  was  consumed  by 
lightning ;  and  he  supposes  it  to  be  the  Dictum  where,  under 
the  later  emperors,  the  commander  of  the  Nervii  Dictenses  kept 
guard ;  and  he  says  that  Ganwy  is  a  variation  of  Conwy.  But 
the  city  Diganwy  was  several  miles  from  that  promontory,  and 
Nature  could  not  design  a  harbour  where  it  was  impossible  to 
make  one.  There  remains  of  it  a  gentleman's  seat  called  Dig* 
anwy,  and  a  tower  called  Castell  y  Fardre  or  y  Faerdrefl  See 
Oannoc. 

GoGERDDAN,  enw  Ue. 

GoGERTHAK,  a  gentleman's  seat,  q.  d.  Gogarth  Ann.  Castell 
Ann  just  by. 

GoGOF.    Llywelyn  Gogof  ap  leuan  llwyd. 

GoGOFAU,  a  noted  place  in  Caermarthenshire  for  its  vast 
number  of  caves  or  drifts  in  the  rock,  in  the  nature  of  levels 
for  mines ;  but  some  think  theiH  to  be  the  station  of  some  army 
or  legion  who  made  these  surprising  caverns  to  secure  themselves. 


204  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

GoGOFAWG,  full  of  caves.  Ty  Oogofawg,  a  place  mentioned  by 
Asser  Menevensis,  in  AKred's  Life,  to  be  in  the  country  of  Mer- 
cia,  which  he  interprets  *'  speluncarum  donius". 

GoGON  (idem  quod  Gwgon)  ap  Idnerth. 

GoGYRFAN  Gawr,  OF,  according  to  the  Triades,  Ogyrfan  Gawr, 
was  father  of  Gwenhwyfar,  the  third  wife  of  King  Arthur,  who 
was  dethroned  and  ravished  by  Medrod;  pronounced  by  the 
vulgar,  in  their  traditional  stories,  Gogfran  Gawr,  for  Gogrfan, 
the  letter  y  being  but  a  mute  thrust  in  by  the  ancients,  as 
Lloegyr  for  Lloegr.  He  was  a  Prince  of  some  part  of  Cambria,  as 
appears  by  his  title  of  Cawr  (for  Prince),  which  was  not  com- 
monly used  in  Albania,  Loegria,  or  Cornwall,  unless  removed 
there.  (Tr,  59.) 

GoLEtJBRYD  verch  Meredydd  ap  Ivan. 

GoLEUDYDD  verch  Brychan,  Santes  yn  Llanhesgin,  Gwent. 

GOLIDAN  Fardd,  killed  with  an  axe.  {Tr.  39 ;  JE.  LhoydJ)  Gol- 
yddan  Fardd,  Cadwaladr's  poet,  an.  660. 

GoLVA,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (/.  D.)  [Moel  y  Golfa  or  y  Glol- 
fa._  W,  D.'\ 

GoLUCH  :  see  Dyffryn  Ooltich, 

GoLUN.  Caer  Golun  (Triadea)  ;  Caer  Colun  in  Nennius ;  Caer 
Colwn  in  Usher,  which  he  interprets  Colchester.  Galfrid  makes 
it  Colchester.     Hence  Ehoscolun  in  Anglesey. 

GoLWC  ap  Paun  ap  Meirchion. 

GoLYDAN.  {Tr.  75.) 

GOLLWYN  (Pymtheg  Llwyth)  ap  Gellan. 

GOLLWYN  GoEG :  SCO  Coeg. 

GoRARTH  {k  gor  and  garth).  Uanvihangel  Orarth,  Caermar- 
thenshire. 

GoRAU  (n.  pr.  v.).  Gorau  fab  Custenin,  King  Arthur's  cousin- 
german,  who  released  him  from  three  prisons  (Tr.  50) :  from 
Caer  Oeth  ac  Anoeth ;  from  Gwen  Bendragon,  who  had  him 
three  days  and  three  nights  in  a  concealed  prison  under  the 
stone.    (Tr.  50.) 

GORBONIAWN,  the  30th  King  of  Britain. 

GORDDINAM  (n.  1.). 

GoRDDiNOG,  enw  lie  'n  Uwch  Conwy.    Wynne  Gorddinog. 
GoRDDWFYN  ap  Gwiriawn  ap  Gwynnan  ap  Gwynfyw  Frych. 


C£LTIC  REMAINS.  205 

GoKDDWR,  enw  He, 

Y  gwr  o  Orddwr  a  nrdda  meneich 
Yn  Maenan  a  Beana. 

GvUoW  Olyn,  i  Bjs  Abad  Ystrad  Fflur  ag  Aberconwj. 

GoRDDWR  ISAF,  one  of  the  comots  of  Cantref  Ystlyc  in  Powys 
Wenwynwyn. 

GoRFYW  (n.  pr.  v.).     Cappel  Gorfyw  at  Bangor  Fawr. 

GoRGORN :  see  Gwrygion, 

GoRGYRN :  see  Gwrtheyrnion, 

GoRLECH,  a  river  that  falls  into  Cothi  at  Abergoriech. 

GoRLLAis,  qn.  or  GoUes  ?    Cappel  y  Gorllais,  near  Holyhead. 

GoRLLWYN.     Uanvair  Orllwyn,  Cardiganshire. 

GoRLLWYN  (Y).  Mynydd  y  Gorllwyn,  one  of  the  three  heads 
or  points  of  the  top  of  Eifl  Mountain  in  Caernarvonshire.  See 
Eifi. 

GoROLWYN  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  perhaps  Collwyn.     See  Colvryn. 

GORONANT,  id.  quod  Gronant 

GoRONWY  (n.  pr.  v.).  Goronwy  mab  Echel  VorddwytwU,  one 
of  the  tri  unben  llys  Arthur.     (2V.  15.) 

Goronwy  Pefr  o  Benllyn.    {Tr,  35.) 

Grronwy  mab  Pefr  Garanir 

Arglwydd  Penllyn  hojw  wyn  hir. — D.  op  QwHym, 

GoRSEDD  Orwynnion,  mentioned  in  Lly  warch  Hen  s  Marwnad 
Cyndylan.     See  Gorwynio'ri. 

GoRTHiR  Gerwryd,  a  place  where  Llywelyn  ap  lorwerth  en- 
camped with  the  prime  men  of  Gwynedd. 

Gorihoei  drai  draws  a  hyd 

Gorthir  y  gelwir  Gerwryd. — Cylch  Llywelyn. 

GoRWLEDYDD,  foreign  countries. 

Caer  lydan  rhag  gorwledydd. 

Huw  Cae  Llwyd^  i  Gastell  Nedd. 

GoRWYN.  Mr.  Stukely,  author  of  the  Falceographia  BrUan- 
nica,  A.D.  1752,  thinks  this  to  be  the  Gaulish  or  British  name  of 
Oriuna,  the  wife  of  Carausius,  who,  Zarabella  says,  was  a  Gaul 
or  of  Gaulish  extraction ;  but  if  he  had  understood  the  Celtic 
tongue  he  would  have  known  that  Gorwyn  cannot  be  the  name 


206  CELTIO  BEMAIN8. 

of  a  woman^  being  of  the  masculine  gender.  It  should  have 
been  Gorwen,  anciently  Grorven. 

GoRWYNNiON,  an  ode  of  Ilywarch  Hen. 

GrORWYNiON,  one  of  the  sons  of  Uy  warch  Hen :  hence  pro- 
bably Gorsedd  Orwynion  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan  Powys. 

GossELiNUS.  (Jo.  Major,  Eist.  Scot,  L  ii,  c.  3.)  This  is  Cyhelyn, 
the  Bishop  of  London,  that  took  care  of  the  sons  of  Constantino, 
— a  strange  transformation  into  Gosselin ! 

GosGORDDFAWR,  a  sumame.     See  JElidir. 

GOTLOND  (rymZt(?), Gotland  or  Gothland,  an  island  of  Sweden, 
in  the  Baltic,  Gothiandia ;  and  also  the  country  of  Scandinavia : 
in  Latin,  Ootisccmdia.     [Moreri.) 

GouANUS  and  Elga.  (John  Major,  L  i,  fo.  20.)  These  are 
Gwynwas  and  Melwas,  said  in  Tyssilio  to  have  intercepted  the 
virgins  sent  to  Armorica. 

GowEB,  qu.  ?  Llangower,  a  parish  and  church  in  the  deanery 
of  Penllyn ;  some  say  from  Ghvar  y  Llyn,  as  LlanuwUyn  from 
Uwch  y  Llyn.  [Others  from  Gwawr,  mother  of  Ilywarch  Hen. 
—  W.D.] 

GewER  Land  :  see  Owyr, 

GowRES.  Llys  Gowres.  See  Cowrts,  [Llys  Gowres,  in  L  Gl. 
Cothi,  etc.,  means  Cans  or  Caurse  Castle,  near  Westbury,  Salop. 

—w.d:\ 

Gradivel  Sant. 

Ghradivel  y  del  o'i  dy. — 0.  ilf. 

Graig  Coch  (Y). 

Graianog,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Caernarvonshire,  in  Uwch 
Gwirfau ;  once  a  lordship  given  by  King  Cadwaladr  to  the  Abbey 
of  Clynnog  Vawr  yn  Arvon.    (Wyn.,  Hist.,  p.  11.) 

Gramel  ap  Bhiryd  ap  Bliys. 

Grasian,  the  92nd  King  of  Britain. 

Grauch  or  Grauth.  Caergrauch  in  Nennius,  by  the  mistake 
of  transcribers.     See  OrawrU, 

Grawnt  or  Grant,  a  river  in  Iloegria,  England. 

Grawnt  and  Grant.  Caeigrant.  (TV.)  This  is,  by  mistake 
of  transcribers,  called  in  Nennius  Caer  Grauch  for  Caer  Grawnt 
{T.  W) ;  by  Usher,  Caer  Grawnt  Dr.  Th.  Williams  makes  it 
Cambridge,  from  the  river  Grant  or  Grawnt. 


CELTIC  REMAIKS.  207 

Grisal,  Sain  Greal  and  St.  Greal ;  St.  Gregory,  says  Mr.  Edw. 
liwyd,  p.  265.  This  is  a  supposed  saint,  and  author  of  a  book 
of  divers  stories  wrote  in  the  British  tongue  about  Arthur,  etc., 
wrote  in  the  romantic  style  for  winter  nights'  entertainment.  I 
have  formerly  seen  it  in  MS.  at  Hengwrt  Library,  and  it  is  called 
Llyfr  y  Oreal ;  very  fair  wrote  on  vellum,  and  in  good  languaga 
Dr.  Bavies  mentions  it  in  his  Dictionary,  in  the  word  Greal ; 
and  by  Mr.  Edw.  Llwyd  in  his  Arch,  Brit,,  p.  262  and  265.  In 
an  ancient  table  once  belonging  to  Glastonbury  this  book  is 
quoted :  ''Ac  deinde  secundum  quod  legitur  in  libro  qui  dicitur 
Greal,  Joseph  Arimathea,"  etc.  Usher,  Primord.  (Dub.  edit.),  p. 
16 ;  Capgrave,  in  the  Life  of  Joseph  of  Arimatbea,  quotes  a  book, 
"  Qui  Sanctum  Greal  appellatur'';  and  Yincentius,  in  his  SpeciU. 
Hist.,  mentions  the  same  book  of  histories,  and  says  it  was  called 
Goal  from  a  Gallice  word  (Welsh,  I  suppose),  gradalis  orgradale, 
signifying  a  little  dish  where  some  choice  morsel  was  put ;  and 
that  it  was  not  to  be  found  in  Latin,  but  common  in  Gallice.  It 
is  also  mentioned  in  the  Triades,  61.  But  hear  what  Archbishop 
Usher  says  of  it :  "  Multa  vero  inde  in  fabulosa  regii  Arthuri 
acta.  Lingua  Anglicana  a  se  edita  transtnlit  Thomas  Mailorius 
qui  Sangreal  vocem  hie  usurpat  ad  eanguinis  realis  notionem 
proximo  accedentem."     (Usher,  Prim.,  p.  17.) 

Greddyf  or  Greddf. 

Greidiawl  Galofydd,  one  of  the  three  Galofydd  of  Britain. 

{Tr.  24) 

Argae  Greidiawl  wrhydri. 

LLygad  Qwr^  i  L.  ap  lorwerth. 

Greiglas  (Y). 

Greiglwyd  (Y). 

Greigwen  (T). 

Gresfford  or  Gresford  (perhaps  in  the  British,  Croesffordd), 
a  church  and  parish  in  Denbighshire.  Holt  Chapel  is  in  this 
parish,  but  in  the  diocese  of  Chester.     {B,  Willis.) 

Greu,  Caergreu,  qu.  {Tr.  35),  the  place  where  Gwrgi  and  Per- 
edur  were  killed  by  Eda  Glin  Mawr,  their  men  having  deserted 
them.  The  death  of  Gwrgi  and  Peredur  is  placed  by  the  jEt. 
Oambr.  in  584,  and  by  the  Vn.  copy,  596. 

Griccyll,  a  river  in  Anglesey,  now  GxigylL    Forth  GrigylL 


208  CELTIC  REMAINS 

« 

Bowlands  says  from  J.  Agricola ;  but  rather  from  crodg  hyll,  q. 
d.  OreigylL 

Griffri,  a  man's  name  ;  Bishop  of  Menevia.  (Powel,  Caradoe, 
p.  175,  A.D.  1113.)  Tre  Siffri  in  Anglesey ;  also  an  inscription 
on  a  stone  at  Penrhose  Bradwen  in  Anglesey.  Griffri  and  Bryn 
Griflfri  in  Powys.  {Tr,  63.)  In  the  battle  of  Meigeu,  between 
Cadwallon  and  Edwin,  a.d.  620,  qu.  ?  GriflFri  ap  Heilin  o'r  Fron 
Goch  Ymhowys. 

Gkifft.    Aderyn  y  griflPt,  griflfon.    (J?.  Llwyd.)     See  Oruff, 

Grisli  verch  Dafydd  ap  Meyric. 

Groeg,  Greece. 

Groeo  Vawr,  Italy  {E.  Llwyd),  Magna  Grceeia..  It  was  only 
some  skirts  of  Italy  which  had  Grecian  towns  along  the  sea-coast. 

Gronant,  a  river  in  Anglesey,  and  a  gentleman's  seat ;  and  a 
village  in  Englefield,  from  a  river  there.  It  belonged,  in  William 
the  Conqueror's  time,  to  the  manor  of  Bhuddlan.  {Doomsday 
Book,) 

Gronw,  Gronwy,  and  Goronwy  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Goronwy,  Grnffndd,  gwyr  o  anian  plaid. — L.  01,  Oothi. 

Grudneu  (n.  pr.  v.),  un  o'r  tri  glew.  (TV.  27.) 
Gruffudd,  non  Gryffydd  (n.  pr.  v.),  k  gruff  and  udd;  some 
think  from  Gryphiis  or  Gryps,  a  grififon,  and  udd,  and  not  from 
cry  and  ffydd,  Ffydd  is  a  provincial  Latin  word,  and  so  is  gryps, 
and  not  from  Bufinus,  as  Camden  thinks.  Hence  Griffith,  Grif- 
fiths, Gruffin,  Griffin,  etc.  It  is  also  wrote  Grufiydd ;  but  mostly 
by  the  poets  wrote  Grufifudd. 

Gruffudd,  qu.  Glyn  ap  Dafydd  ap  leuan  ap  Einion. 

Brig  gwydd  Syr  Graffydd  a'i  sel. — Bion  Gleri, 
Rhybndd  i  Ruffadd  ryffol. — D.  ap  QwUym. 
Gruffadd  wallt  melynrhudd  min. — Sion  Ceri, 
Gruffydd  awenydd  uniawn. — D,  LI,  ap  LI,  ap  Oruffydd, 
Gniffudd  Beisrndd  Bowysran. — Tudur  Peidlyn. 

Gruffudd  ap  Cynan,  Prince  of  Wales,  was  cotemporary  with 
William  the  Conqueror.  He  died  a.d.  1137,  after  reigning  vic- 
toriously fifty  years.  He  was  a  great  warrior,  and  a  worthy, 
wise,  and  valiant  Prince.  I  find  in  an  old  MS.  noted  that  he 
was  Owyn  Owyarchau  that  Myrddin  prophesied  of.     His  Life 


CELTIC  RBMAINS.  209 

was  wrote  in  Welsh  by and  translated  into  Latin  by  Nic. 

Bobinson,  Bishop  of  Bangor  {J.  D.),  and  is  extant.  He  was 
father  of  Owain  Gwynedi 

Gruffudd  Llwyd  ap  Dafydd  ap  Einion  Lygliw,  o  Bowys,  a 
poet  anno  1400  ;  athro  Bhys  Goch  o  EryrL 

Gb0G^  enw  Ue.  Salbri  o  Bug  yn  Sir  Feirion.  Becti  Bug ; 
but  qu.  ?     See  Tref  y  Orug. 

Gbugor  (n.  pr.  v.),  Lat.  Oregaritu,  Gregory. 

A'u  gwragedd  hwy  (myn  Qmgop). — Sion  Cm. 

Gbugob^  the  name  of  a  place  in  Anglesey.  Creigiau  St.  Gru- 
gor,  St.  Gregory's  Bocks,  near  Aberfiraw. 

Grangood,  cimychod  y  m6r, 

O  Qreigiau'r  hen  Sain  GTngor.<^H.  BeinalU. 

Gbugunan,  mentioned  by  Cynddelw  i  Ho.  Owain  Gwynedd 
[Greginon,  qu.  Gregynog  ? —  TT.  D.] 

Grwst  or  GwBWST,  the  14th  King  of  Britain. 

Grwst  ap  Clydno,  the  55th  King  of  Britain. 

Gbwst  vel  GwBBWST  ap  Cenau. 

Gbwst  Sant.  Llanrwst,  a  town,  church,  and  parish,  in  Den- 
bighshire. 

Gbwyn  (Y),  Groeningen,  or  perhaps  Graveling,  in  Flanders ; 
some  seaport  town.    The  Groine  in  Galicia. 

Aethau  oddiar  greiriau'r  Qrwjn.'^Syr  Dafydd  Trefor. 

GuALH  vab  Dissyvyndod,  un  o'r  tri  unben  Deifr  a  Brynaich. 
{jE.  Llwyd) ;  a  Northumbrian  poet  of  the  6th  century. 

Guic,  old  orthography,  in  composition  uic,  now  Gwig,  a  thicket 
of  wood ;  hence  the  names  of  several  places  in  Britain ;  as,  Wic 
Wair,  near  St.  Asaph ;  Gwair  Wic,  i.  e.,  Warwick. 

GuEDi  {Bede,  1.  i,  c.  12),  a  city  on  the  east  arm  of  the  sea  which 
divided  the  Scots  and  Picts  from  the  Boman  part  of  Britain.  It 
'was  in  an  island  (by  Flaherty  Cctergreie),    See  Oaergrdc. 

GuiBiGON.    Oaer  Guirigon  in  Nenniua     See  Wrygion. 

GuissANEY,  rect^  Gwysanact,  a  place  in  Denbighshire. 

GuoBANGOK.  Gaer  Guorangon.  Mr.  Camden,  out  of  Nennius, 
for  the  city  Worcester ;  and  so  Usher  {Prim,,  c.  5).  Guorcon, 
Caerguorcon.   Mr.  Camden,  out  of  Nennius,  for  Worcester.    But 

27 


210  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

neither  of  these  names  are  to  be  found  in  the  Cambridge  nor 
Cottonian  copy  of  Nennius,  nor  Mr.  Vaughan's :  and  Usher 
makes  Guorcon  to  be  either  Warwick  or  Wroxeter.  (Notes  on 
Camden.) 

GUORTHIGIRNE  :  See  Ghverthrynion, 

GuoTODiN.  {Nennius)  See  Manau  Chwtodin  and  Gododin 
Aneurin. 

GURGYRN :  see  Owrtheymion.  [Caer  Chirgym,  the  old  name  of 
Ilanilltud  Fawr,  according  to  some  MSS. — L  Jf.] 

GURICON.     Caer  Guricon  in  Nennius.     See  Wyrangon, 

GuRN  Ddu  00  and  Gurn  Qoch  (qu.  whether  it  should  be 
wrote  y  Geym  Ddu,  etc.),  two  mountains  in  Caernarvonshire, 
[Y  Gurn,  Pen  y  Gym,  Curn  Moelfi*e,  Cym  y  Bwch :  W.  Owen 
would  say  Ctam,  v.  Geiriadur. —  W,  i>.] 

GuRMOND,  a  captain  of  the  Danes,  called  Godrun  ;  afterwards 
King  of  the  East  Angles,  A.D.  877.     (Garadoc  in  Anarawd.) 

GUTMOND  (n.  pr.  v.),  by  Tyssilio  called  King  of  Aflfric ;  by  Sir 
John  Price,  Gurmond  from  Ireland,  who  came  hither  from  Affria 
(Dr.  Powel,  note,  p.  6)  :  Gurmundus,  arch-pirate,  captain  of  the 
Norwegians,  a.d.  590. 

GuTTYN  Owen,  a  herald,  poet,  and  historian,  anno  Domini,  1480. 

GwAEDERW  (n.  1.),  now  Gwedir  or  Gwydyr,  near  Uanrwst, 
where  Gr.  ap  Cynan  fought  a  battle.  {Meilir  Prydydd.)  [Where 
Sir  John  Wynn,  the  first  baronet  of  that  name,  lived,  who  wrote 
the  history  of  his  ancestors,  etc. —  W.  D.] 

GwAEDNERTH.     Gronw  ap  Gwaednertk 

GwAETHYRN  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Saxon  name,  at  the  battle  of  Bangor 
is  y  Coed.     (TV.  67.) 

GwAm,  a  river  in  Dy fed ;  hence  a  town  called  Abergwain,  Fis- 
card,  in  Pembrokeshire. 

GwAiR.  Caer  Wair,  Warwick  {Th.  WilliaTns) ;  q.  d.  Gwair 
Wig  or  Gwig  y  Gwair.    Ilwyn  Gwair  in  Pembrokeshire. 

GwAiTH,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  signifying  a  battle ;  when  pre-  ' 
fixed  to  the  names  of  places,  signifying  the  battle  of  such  a  place. 

GwAiTH  (fl.) ;  hence  Abergwaith. 

GWAITH.  Ynys  Waith,  the  Isle  of  Wight.  H.  Llwyd,  in  his 
Brit.  Descr,,  p.  22  (ed.  1731),  says  the  Britons  call  it  Ynys  Wydd, 
i.  e.,  the  Conspicuous  Island.    Nennius  (c.  2)  or  his  interpolator 


CELTIC  RESMAINS.  *  211 

calls  it  With,  which  he  says  the  Britons  call  Oweid  or  Gwith, 
and  that  it  signifies  in  Latin  Divorti/um,  i.  e,,  separation.  It  is 
true  Owth,  in  British,  is  a  thrust ;  but  are  not  all  islands  thrust 
from  the  continent  ? 

GwATTH  Ardebtdd,  a  battle  fought  between  Bhydderch  Hael 
of  Alclud,  in  Scotland,  and  Aeddan  Vradwg,  both  North  Britons, 
about  the  year  557.  This  battle,  in  the  Triades,  is  called  one  of 
the  three  trifling  battles  of  Britain ;  that  is,  occasioned  by  trifles. 
Cad  Goddeu  was  one  of  them,  which  see.  Cad  Gamlan  was 
another ;  and  this  was  the  third,  and  occasioned  by  no  greater 
a  matter  than  two  shepherds  falling  out  about  a  lark's  nest; 
where  one  killed  the  other,  and  the  quarrel  spread  itself  from 
two  feonilies  to  two  principalities.     See  Gwenddolau  ap  Ceidio. 

A  morose  critic  may  observe  upon  this,  that  it  is  no  wonder 
the  Britons  have  lost  their  land  and  power  to  the  Saxons,  Danes, 
and  Normans,  when  they  could  be  such  great  idiots  as  to  have 
a  national  quarrel  about  a  bird's  nest,  a  bitch  and  buck,  or  a 
box  on  the  ear.  But  history  will  shew  us  several  instances, 
among  other  nations,  of  great  wars  and  revolutions  in  empires 
occasioned  by  as  little  trifles.  The  most  prodigious  armament 
in  history,  which  was  Xerxes^s  war  against  the  Greeks,  had  no 
greater  a  beginning  than  a  Greek,  who  was  the  Queen's  physi- 
cian, having  a  longing  to  see  his  country,  represented  this  expe- 
dition in  such  a  glorious  light  to  his  mistress,  that  the  King  had 
no  rest  of  her  night  or  day  till  he  undertook  it. 

The  occasion  of  putting  all  Greece  in  arms  to  destroy  the 
kingdom  of  Priam  and  his  Trojans,  was  an  youthful  Queen  gave 
hints  that  she  might  be  run  away  with,  whil^  the  husband 
thought  she  was  taken  away  by  force. 

Count  Julian's  daughter's  amour  with  Boderic  King  of  Spain 
was  the  cause  of  bringing  over  ^from  Africa  an  army  of  above 
two  hundred  thousand  Moors,  who  subdued  the  country  in  eight 
months,  and  kept  possession  of  it  eight  hundred  years,  in  which 
were  fought  3,609  battles. 

And  to  conclude  this  head,  Voltaire,  in  Ids  Age  of  Lewis  14th, 
says  that  the  I^uchess  of  Marlborough  refusing  Queen  Anne  of 
England  a  pair  of  gloves  which  had  been  sent  her  from  abroad, 
and  by  an  affected  negligence  spilling  some  water  on  Lady 


212  '  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Marsham's  gown,  gave  a  decisive  turn  to  the  affairs  of  Europe  ; 
for  upon  this  the  Duke  of  Marlborough  was  called  home  from 
the  command  of  the  army,  and  aU  the  British  schemes  knocked 
in  the  head.     {Perish  Diver,  acr.  A  un  Doct.  de  Sorhanne.) 

GwAiTHFOED  (n.  pr.  v.).  Gwaithfoed  Fawr,  arglwydd  Cer- 
edigion. From  him  the  Pryses  of  Gogerthan,  etc.,  derive  them- 
selves. 

GWAITH  Gauth  Maeljlwc  or  Garth  Meiliog,  a  battle  fought 
in  North  Wales  by  Rhodri  Molwynog  and  the  Saxons,  in  which 
he  got  the  day.     (Powel,  Oaradoc,  p.  14.) 

GwAiTH  GoDDATJ  and  Cad  Goddau,  the  battle  or  action  of 
Qoddau.    (JV.  47.) 

GWAITHHSNGAB  ap  Elffin. 

GWAITH  Llantaes,  in  Anglesey,  a.d.  818  (MS,) ;  I  suppose 
with  Egbert,  King  of  the  West  Saxons,  who  at  this  time  spoiled 
Eiryri.     (Caradoc  in  Mervyn.) 

GWAITH  Llwtn  Dafydd,  Ceredigion. 

Djfod  at  Waith  Llwyn  Dafydd 

Da  fan  gan  bob  dyn  a  fydd. — D,  ap  leuan  Du, 

GWAITH  Machawt,  a  battle  fought  by  Gruffudd  ap  Llewelyn, 
Prince  of  Wales,  with  Randulph  Earl  of  Hereford,  when  Gruffudd 
destroyed  Hereford,  and  burnt  the  Cathedral,  and  killed  the 
Bishop,  A.D.  1055.  It  seems  there  were  two  battles  then  fought, 
one  at  Machawy,  where  Eandulph  might  be  an  auxiliary  with 
Gruffudd  ap  Rhydderch  ap  lestyn ;  and  the  other  within  two 
miles  of  Hereford,  as  above.  But.  qu.  whether  Machawy  doth 
not  fall  into  the  Wy  near  Hereford  ?    See  jEr,  Camhr, 

GwAiTH  MoELFRB,  the  battle  of  Moelvre.  [Tal  Moelfre, 
Mon,  qu.?—  W,  i>.] 

GwAiTH  Pencoet  :  see  Pencoet, 

GwAiTH  Vaddon,  A.D.  520  .(.4?r.  Camhr,  M,  W),  the  battle 
of  Mons  Badonicus  in  Gildas.  This  battle  is  mentioned  in  an 
ancient  MS.  chronology  in  these  words :  "  0  oes  Gwrtheym 
Gwrthene  hyd  waith  Vaddon  pan  ymladdodd  Arthur  a^i  hyneif 
a'r  Saeson  ac  y  gorfu  Arthur*';  i,  e,,  From  the  age  of  Gwrtheym 
Gwrthene  to  the  battle  of  Badon,  when  Arthur  and  his  elders 
(mayors,  lieutenants  or  inferior  princes)  fought  the  Saxons,  where 
Arthur  overcame,  etc. 


GBLTIC  REMAINS.  213 

GwAL  Sever,  Sevenis's  Wall ;  called  also  Mur  Sever,  and  by 
the  English  the  Picts'  Wall  Jno.  Major  calls  it  Muro  Tiroali 
(1.  i,  fo.  9) ;  and  in  1.  ii,  c.  3,  he  says  that  some*  say  it  was  built 
by  Bilenus,  a  British  King,  meaning,  I  suppose,  Belinus. 

GwAL  Y  ViLiAST,  a  cromlech  in  the  parish  of  Hanboydy,  Caer- 
marthenshire,  called  also  Bwrdd  Arthur.     {E,  Llwyd) 

GwALCHMAi  (n.  pr.  v.),  literally  the  Hawk  of  May.  I  am  sur- 
prised how  Gralfrid  and  others  could  Latinize  it  Walganvs,  Men 
noted  of  this  name  were — 

GwALCHMAi  AP  GwYAR,  onc  of  King  Arthur's  generals,  and,  I 
suppose,  his  sister  Anna's  son  by  Gwyar,  a  second  husband,  and 
so  but  half-brother  to  Medrod,  who  was  son  of  Hew  ap  Oyn- 
farch.  He  is  often  mentioned  in  the  Triades  as  a  great  orator, 
Aurdafodiog  (Tr.  82),  deifniawc  (Tr.  10).  He  was  killed  in  a 
battle  between  Arthur  and  Medrod,  on  Arthur's  landing  in 
Britain.  (Tysdlio.)  He  was  lord  of  Castell  Gwalchmai  yn  Bhos ; 
i,  e.,  Boose,  near  Milford  Haven.  About  the  year  1080  the 
sepulchre  of  Walwey  (Gwalchmai),  King  Arthur's  sister's  son, 
was  found  upon  the  sea-shore  in  the  country  of  Eos  (now  called 
Boose),  and  the  place  is  shewn  between  the  Isles  of  Skomar  and 
Skokham  in  Pembrokeshire.  The>body,  by  estimation,  upon 
viewing  of  the  bones,  was  thought  to  be  14  foot  in  length.  He 
ruled  that  country  which  to  this  day  is  called  Walwethay.  He 
was  a  noble  and  valiant  warrior  of  good  reputation.  (Matth. 
Paris,  p.  17,  apud  Oaradoc,  Dr.  PoweL)  Ymddiddan  rhwng 
Trystan  a  Gwalchmai. 

Gwalchmai  [ap]  Meilie  o  Fon,  son  of  Meilir  Brydydd,  both 
excellent  poets  and  warriors.  Meilir  was  cotemporary  with  6r. 
ap  Cynan,  and  wrote  that  famous  poem  on  the  battle  of  Mynydd 
Cam,  when  Trahaeam,  reigning  Prince  of  North  Wales,  was 
killed  by  Gr.  ap  Cynan,  ad.  1079.  It  was  by  way  of  prophecy 
after  the  event  had  happened, — the  safest  way  of  prophesying. 
Gwalchmai,  son  of  Meilir,  wrote  in  the  time  of  Owain  Gwynedd, 
Prince  of  North  Wales.  His  description  of  the  sea-fight  on 
Menai  is  inimitable,  and  it  seems  he  himself  had  a  share  in  the 
action.  We  have  several  poems  of  his  to  Owain  Gwynedd,  who 
began  to  reign  a.d.  1138,  and  died  1169.  In  one  of  them  he 
brings  him  from  i£neas.  This  seems  to  be  one  of  his  first  poems 


214  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

to  Owain  Gwynedd,  for  he  says  as  a  reason  to  come  in  favour 
witli  him,  that  his  father  had  sung  the  praises  of  0 wain's  father. 

Prjdodd  fj  nhad  ith  fraisg  frenhin  dad. 

GwALLAWG,  GwALLAwc,  or  GwALLOG  (u.  pr.  V.),  Lat.  Galgacus; 
hence  Sam  Walhg  in  Ceretica,  a  spot  of  foul  ground  in  the  Bay 
of  Cardigan,  where  it  is  said  the  country  of  Gwyddno  was 
drowned.     See  Galgacus. 

GwALLOG  AP  Llienog  or  GwALLAWG  AP  Lleenawc,  of  Salis- 
bury, a  general  of  King  Arthur's,  was  killed  in  the  battle  fought 
in  Gaul  between  Arthur  and  the  Eomans,  a.d.  541.  {Tyssilio.) 
[This  was  the  Galgacus  of  Tacitus,  and  not  Arthur's  general — 
W,D!\  He  is  called  by  Camden  (in  his  Description  of  Caledonia 
in  Scotland)  Galaua  ap  Uiennauc,  and  which  he  Latinizes  Gal- 
gacus. He  was  not  the  Galgacus  mentioned  by  Tacitus,  as  he 
(Camden)  would  have  it.  He  quotes  in  Caledonia  the  TriadUm 
Liber,  which  by  Gibson,  his  translator,  is  called  the  Book  of 
Triplidties.  But  neither  of  them  knew  anything  of  this  book ; 
and  it  would  have  been  more  to  Mr.  Camden's  credit  if  he  had 
totally  denied  the  authority  of  it,  rather  than  giving  it  the 
highest  encomiums  in  somQ  parts  of  his  works,  and  den}ring  in 
other  places  that  very  Arthur  who  this  book  so  aggrandises 
throughout  the  whole,  that  it  appears  to  have  been  wrote  purely 
to  describe  Arthur's  greatness.  But  even  the  great  Camden, 
when  he  acts  out  of  his  sphere,  is  but  like  another  man.  See 
Vaughan's  Genealogical  Tables  at  Hengwrt,  where  Onion  Greg, 
daughter  of  Gwallawc  ap  Lleenawc,  is  said  to  have  married 
Meurig  ap  Idno  ap  Meirchion ;  and  Ilywarch  Hen,  one  of  King 
Arthur's  privy  council,  was  a  grandson  of  the  same  Meirchion. 

Tri  phost  cad  Ynys  Prydain  (i.  e.,  the  three  pillars  of  battle  of 
the  Isle  of  Britain) ;  Dunawt  Fur  mab  Pabo  Post  Prydain ; 
Gwallawc  ap  Lleenawc ;  a  Chynfelyn  Drwsgyl.  Thus  the  Triades. 
"  Pwylle  Wallog  marchog  trin."  {Llywarch  Hen,  in  Urien^s  Elegy.) 
See  Galgacus. 

GwALLTMi.  Walter  Mappaeus,  otherwise  Calenus,  a  Cambro- 
Briton,  Archdeacon  of  Oxford  about  the  year  1150.  Leland 
{Script  Brit.,  c.  157)  mentions  him  with  honour  as  the  person 
that  brought  the  copy  of  the  British  History  over  from  Armo- 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  215 

lica,  and  that  he  made  a  translation  of  it  as  well  as  Galfrid.  See 
some  sayings  of  this  Gwallter  in  Camden's  Bemains, 

GwALLT  EuRAiD.  Llewelyn  Wallt  Euraid  ap  Madog  ap  Llew- 
elyn. 

GwALLTWEN,  merch  AfieJlach,  a  concubine  of  Maelgwn^  and 
-mother  of  Shun  ap  Maelgwn. 

GwAKAS,  a  place  in  Meirion.     Here  one  Gwrgi  was  slain. 

{D.  J.) 

Rhifo  gwawn  rh'of  a  Gwanas. — Z.  OJ.  Cothi, 

See  "  Englynion  y  Beddau." 

Y  Beddau  Eimon  Gwanas. 

GWANIA,  Chirkland,  Tref  y  Waun. 

GwiR.     Elidir  War. 

GwANAR  (n.  pr.  v.),  Gwanar  mab  Lliaws  ap  Nwyfre,  a  general 
of  the  Britons^  sister's  son  of  CaswaUon,  that  reigned  here  when 
Julius  Cffisar  invaded  Britain.     (TV.  40.) 

Bbli  Mawb  ap  Mavooan,  King  of  Britain 

\ 

Llvdd,  King  Kthviaw,    Llefblts,    Caswallon,  Abiaiibhod==  Lliaws 

of  Britain,  killed  by       killed  in          King  of                          I      ap 

'killed  by  his  Julius            Gaul             Britain                          I  Nwjfre 

brother,  Cas-  Ctesar J 

wallon      I  I 

QwABAB,    GwBirwTifWYir  or  Gvenwtv,  the  two  generals. 

Csesar,  in  his  Commentaries,  says  that  the  Britons  had  assisted 
the  Gauls  in  their  wars  with  the  Bomans  before  he  invaded 
Britain.  The  Triades  says  that  Gwenwynwyn  and  Gwanar,  of 
Arllechwedd,  sons  of  Lliaws  ap  Nwyfre  and  of  Arianrhod  their 
mother,  daughter  of  Beli,  went  with  their  uncle,  Caswallon  ap 
Beli,  beyond  sea  after  the  CsBsarians  (i.  e.,  the  Romans,  or  Caesar's 
people),  with  an  army  of  61,000  men,  and  that  they  all  settled 
in  Gwasgwyn,  and  never  returned.  {Tr,  40.)  This  was  when 
Caesar  warred  with  the  Gau]s,  before  the  invasion  of  Britain. 
Mr.  Edw.  Llwyd,  in  his  Archoeologia  Britannica  (Brit.  Preface), 
having  hit  upon  a  bad  copy  of  the  Triades,  was  net  able  to 
understand  this  passage,  nor  that  of  the  auxiliaries  granted  to 
Urp  Luyddog.  See  Urp^  But  yet  it  raised  his  curiosity  to  ex- 
amine into  the  language  of  Gwasgwyn  (i.  «.,  Gascony),  and  he 


216  GBLTIO  REMAINS. 

found  a  very  great  affinity  between  it  and  the  Biitish,  which 
corroborates  this  passage  in  the  Triades,  and  also  that  passage 
in  the  British  history  where  it  is  said  that  -liefelys,  a  son  of 
Beli  Mawr,  had  the  dominion  of  a  country  in  Gaul  by  marriage ; 
and  it  is  natural  to  think  that  this  very  liefelys  was  him  who 
Caesar  calls  Divitiacus,  who  had  property  in  Britain,  or  at  least 

GwAREDDOG  or  GwAREDOG,  in  Arvon,  where  Beuno  began  to 
build  a  monastery,  but  was  hindered  by  a  woman.  Qu.,  Gwr- 
edog? 

GWARTHEFYN  Bro  Dynod.  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cad- 
wallon.)    Whether  Gwarthefin  be  not  the  name  of  the  place  ? 

GwABTHENioN,  in  Nenuius.     See  Owortigem, 

GwARTHRKNiON,  One  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Ar- 
wystli.     (Price's  Descript)    See  Owrtheyrnion, 

GwARTHUNioN,  a  name  coined  by  Nennius  [or]  his  interpolator, 
out  of  Gwrtheymion,  the  name  of  a  country,  to  favour  a  silly 
fable  of  a  country  given  to  St.  German. 

GWAS  (T)  Teilaw  o  Went. 

GwASAKE  or  GwTSANE,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Denbighshire. 
Davies,  a  noted  botanist  and  antiquary. 

GwASGWYN,  Grasgoigne.  The  Triades  mentions  an  army  of 
61,000  Britons  that  went  to  this  country  to  assist  the  Gauls 
against  the  Bomans  under  Caswallon  ap  Beli  Mawr  and  his 
nephews,  Gwenwynwyn  and  Gwanar,  but  never  returned.  {Tr, 
40.)     See  Owana/r. 

GwATCiN,  Watkin. 

GwAUK  Breuan,  in  Ilanrhaiadr,  Denbighshire  [pronounced 
Breion, —  W,  i>.]. 

GwAUN  Farteg,  in  Badnorshire. 

GwAUNTNOO,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (J.  D.)  Middleton's.  Qu., 
Gwenynog  {k  gwenyn)  ? 

GwAUNYSGOR,  a  church  and  parish  (R.),  Flintshire. 

GwAUNYTTYD  (n.  1.).  Here  a  battle  was  fought,  A.D.  1074^ 
between  the  sons  of  Cadwgan  ap  Bleddyn  and  Bhys  ap  Owen, 
King  of  South  Wales,  where  Bhys  was  defeated,  but  stOl  kept 
the  land.     (Oaradoc  in  Trahaiam.) 

GWAWR  verch  Brychan,  gwraig  Elidir  Lydanwyn. 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  217 

GwEDiR,  a  gentleman's  seat  near  Llanrwst  {S.  Tudur),  com- 
monly pronounced  Gwydyr,  but  rightly  Gwaederw  [or  Gwaed-tir. 
See  Gh^dir,—W.  B.]. 

GwEDRAWS  or  GwEDROS,  probably  Owaedros,  a  place  in  Car- 
diganshire ;  though  I  find  Deio  ap  leuan  Du  writes  it  Gwedraws. 

Ei  gampan'r  gwyliau  wr  gwiw  Haws  fryd 
O  frodir  Caerwedraws 

Ai  gy wydd  oedd  gaws. 

See  Caerwedros. 

GWEFLHWCH.  Elgan  Gweflhwch ;  in  another  place,  Gwefl 
Ffloch. 

GWEHELYTH,  a  family  or  clan.  Gwehelythau  a  Uwythau 
Cymni- 

GwEiLCHlON,  the  people  and  lands  of  Gwalchmai.  {Gwelygordd- 
au  Powys.) 

GWEIR  (n.  pr.  V.)  {Trioedd  y  Mdrch,  1) ;  hence  Llwyn  Gwair, 
Pembrokeshire. 

GwEiRGURYT  Fawr,     (Tr,  87.) 

GWEIRVYL,  GWERFYL,  GWERFUL,  and  GWEIRYL  (n.  pr.  f.).  Bet- 
tws  Gweirvyl  Goch,  a  church  and  parish  in  Merionethshire,  in 
the  deanery  of  Edeirnion,  St.  Asaph  diocese. 

Gorwedd  ym  Mettws  Gwerful 
Goch,  hen  oedd  y  wraig  a  chul. 

GwEiRYDD  ap  Cynfelyn  ap  Teneuan  ap  Lludd  ap  Beli  Mawr. 
This  Gweirydd  is  Latinized  by  Galfrid,  Arviragus,  which  makes 
me  suspect  the  name  might  be  also  wrote  Arweirydd,  By  some 
of  our  British  writers  he  is  also  called  Gweirydd  Arwyneddog, 

GwELW  GwiNFFRWD  ap  Davydd  Ddu  Taerus. 

GWELYGAN. 

Ac  y  ar  welagan  gynnif  rydsed. 

Gorhoffedd  H,  ap  0,  Gwynedd, 

Qu.  whether  a  place  where  a  battle  was  fought  between  Gwynedd 
and  Powys,  where  H.  ap  Owain  Gwynedd  behaved  gallantly  ? 

GwBLL  ap  Llywarch  Hen,  buried  at  Rhiw  Felen.  {Llywarch 
Hen) 

GWBN  (n,  pr.  v.),  one  of  Llywarch  Hen's  sons  killed  by  the 
Saxons  [on  the  banks  of  Morlas. —  W,  2>.]. 

28 


218  CELTIC   REMAINS. 

GwAn  ap  Gronw. 

Gwyrda  oedd  W6n  a  B^n^^yn.— L.  0.  Coihi. 

GWENABWY  (n.  pr.  v.). 

A  chyssal  a  rofi  i  Wenabwy 

Nad  fid  ieuangc  serchog  syberw  vaccwy. — Hoi.  Myrddin, 

GwANASSEDD  verch  Eeun  Hael. 

GwENDRAETH  Vechan,  a  river  in  Cydweli.  (Camden's  BrUan- 
nia  in  Caennarthenshire.) 

GwENDDOLEN,  Queen  of  Britain,  and  widow  of  Locrin.  See 
Lloegrin  Gawr, 

.  GwENDDOLAU,  a  Prince  or  general  of  the  northern  Britons  of 
Celyddon,  in  the  civil  war  when  the  great  battle  of  Arderydd 
was  fought  in  Scotland.  He  was  an  auxiliary  of  Aeddan  Vrad- 
awg.  Myrddin  Wyllt,  in  his  ffoiane,  calls  him  his  lord.  He  is 
mentioned  in  the  Triades  by  the  name  of  Gwenddolau  ap  Ceid- 
iaw,  un  o^r  tri  tbarw  cad  Ynys  Brydain  (one  of  three  bulls  of 
war) ;  and  in  the  34th  Triad  it  is  said  that  his  clan  or  army 
maintained  their  ground  for  six  weeks  after  their  lord's  death. 
This  battle  was  fought  at  Rhodwydd  Arderydd,  in  Scotland, 
about  the  year  557,  between  Aeddan  Vradog  and  Rhydderch 
Hael  of  Alclud,  etc.  Gwenddolau  had  two  vultures  which  he 
fed  with  the  bodies  of  South  Britons.  They  were  killed  by 
Gall,  mab  Dysgyfedawg.   {Tr.  37.) 

GwENDDWR,  a  parish  and  village  in  Brecknockshire. 

GwENDDYDD  (n.  pr.  f.).     Also  the  morning  star,  Venus. 

GwENDDYDD,  sister  of  Myrddin  Wyllt,  some  of  whose  poems 
are  by  way  of  dialogue  between  him  and  her.  Some  hint  that 
she  was  not  his  sister,  but  his  mistress,  which  I  believe  is  a 
mistake. 

GWENDDYDD  veich  Brychan,  Santes  Ynhowyn  Meirionydd ; 
eraill  a'i  geilw  Owarddydd, 

GwENEDOTA  {Nennixis),  Gwynedd. 

GwENER  (n.  f.),  the  name  of  several  of  the  princesses  of  the 
ancient  Celt®,  adored  by  the  Romans,  &c.,  by  the  name  of 
Venvs;  genitive  case,  Veneris;  and  is  derived  from  gw4n  bSr, 
i,  «.,  a  sweet  smile, — the  smiling  goddess :  hence  Dydd  Owener 
in  the  British,  i.  e.,  Dies  Veneris.    If  her  name  came  from  gwenn. 


G£LTIC  REMAINS.  2L9 

white  or  fair,  it  would  have  been  Gweuner  or  Gwenno,  which  is 
the  name  of  Juno. 

Doeth  coeth  cywrennin  gwin  a  Gwener  (wine  and  Venus). 

Em,  op  Gwgafiy  to  Lhi.  ap  lorwerth. 

GwENEU  ap  Edvedd  o  Frecheiniog. 

GwENFKEWi  Santes,  daughter  of  Brychan,  abbess  at  Gwyth- 
erin  {MS)  \  in  English,  Winifred  Saint.  Eobert,  Prior  of  Shrews- 
bury, hath  wrote  her  life,  and  before  him  Elerius,  Abbot  of  Gwyth- 
erin,  as  saith  Brit  Sanct,  She  is  said  to  have  lived  in  the  time  of 
King  Elwith  (qu.,  who  was  he  ?),  and  was  daughter  to  a  British 
lord.  The  with  or  Trebwith,  who  granted  Beuno  lands  to  build  a 
church,  under  whose  care  she  was  brought  up  a  nun.  Caradoc, 
son  of  Alain,  Prince  of  that  country,  cut  oflF  her  head,  because 
she  would  not  consent  to  lie  with  him.  Beuno  put  it  on,  and 
brought  her  to  life.  A  well  (Holywell) — Ffynnon  Gwenfrewi — 
sprung  out  where  her  head  fell,  etc.  In  her  time  Deifer  was  an 
anchoret  at  Botaver  (Botvari),  and  Saturnus  at  Henthlant  (Hen- 
Uan) ;  and  Elerius  Abbot  of  Gwytherin,  who  buried  her,  and 
where  St.  Kebius  and  St.  Senan  were  buried,  and  the  Abbess 
Theonia,  after  whom  Winifred  became  abbess.    {Brit  Sanct.) 

In  the  legend  of  the  British  Saints  we  have  the  life  of  a  lady 
of  this  name,  called  Santes  Gwenfrewi ;  but  no  author  of  note 
mentions  any  such  a  woman.  Tudur  Aled,  the  poet,  about  the 
year  1450,  hath  versified  her  legend  as  believed  in  those  days. 
We  have  no  such  name  in  our  ancient  British  history  as  Gwen- 
frewi.    See  Winifred  and  Beuno. 

GwENFFRWD,  a  river  in  Pervedd. 

GwENFEDON,  daughter  of  Tutwal  Tutclut,  noted  for  her  chastity. 
(Tr.  54.) 

GwENHWYFACH  or  GwENHWYACH,  the  wife  of  Medrawt  ap 
Ilew  ap  Cynfarch.  A  quarrel  about  two  nuts  (says  Tudur  Aled) 
between  Gwenhwyfar  (verch  Ogyrfan  Gawr),  King  Arthur's 
Queen,  and  this  Gwenhwyfach  {Tr.  47)  gave  Medrawd  a  colour 
of  dethroning  Gwenhwyfar  (Tr.  46),  King  Arthur  having  left 
him  lieutenant  of  Britain  while  he  followed  his  Gaidish  con- 
quest. (Tr.  90.)  This  quarrel  or  palfaivd  (i.  e.,  a  box  in  the  ear) 
about  two  nuts  was  the  occasion  of  the  civil  war  between  King 


220  CELTIC  HEMAINS. 

Arthur  and  Medrawd,  and  both  were  killed  at  Cad  Gamlan. 
(rr.  47.) 

GWENHWYFOR,  Or  GWENHWYFAWR,  Or  GWENHWYFAR  (n.  pr.  f.). 

King  Arthur  had  three  wives  successively  of  this  name.  The 
first  was  daughter  of  Gwythyr  ap  Greidiawl,  probably  a  North 
Briton  ;  the  second,  the  daughter  of  Gawryd  Ceint,  which  seems 
to  have  been  a  Loegrian  Briton  of  Kent ;  the  third,  the  daughter 
of  Ogyrfan  Gawr,  a  Cambro-Briton  {Tr.  59)  dethroned  by  Medrod 
(2V.  46) ;  CavjTy  in  Wales,  then  signifying  a  prince  or  great  com- 
mander,— Cawr  Idris,Cawr  Othrwm,Benlli  Gawr,  and  Rhuddlwm 
Gawr  (Tr,  32).  My  reason  for  the  first  being  a  North  Britain  is 
that  Arthur,  when  he  followed  his  conquests  in  the  island,  left  her 
at  home,  and  she  having  a  former  intimacy  with  Mel  was,  a  Prince 
of  North  Britain,  they  contrived  it  so  that  she  with  her  maids  of 
honour  went  to  the  wood  a  Maying,  where  Melwas  was  to  lie 
in  wait  for  her  among  the  bushes  with  a  suit  of  clothes  on  him 
made  of  green  leaves  of  trees.  When  the  Queen  and  her  maids 
came  to  the  place  appointed,  Melwas  started  up  and  carried  the 
Queen  away  in  his  arms  to  his  companions ;  and  all  the  maids 
of  honour  ran  away  in  the  fright,  taking  him  to  be  a  Satyr,  or 
wild  man  of  the  wood.  He  took  the  Queen  with  him  to  Scot- 
land, and  kept  her  for  a  while.  Our  English  writers  (Milton, 
etc.)  wonder  how  a  little  Prince  could  take  away  by  force  the 
Queen  of  such  a  valiant  King  as  Arthur  is  said  to  be ;  but  the 
wonder  ceases  when  it  is  considered  that  the  King  was  abroad, 
and  the  Queen  willing  to  be  ravished  by  an  old  acquaintance. 

Fal  Melwas  yn  y  glas  gl6g. — D.  a;p  Gwilym. 

See  Caradoc's  Life  of  Gildcts. 

GWENHWYNWYN  ap  Ywain  Cyfeiliog,  rect^  Gwenynwyn  (alias 
Gwynwenwyn),  ap  Owain  Cyfeiliog. 

GwENHWYSEG,  the  dialect  or  language  of  Gwenwys. 

GWENHWYTAB. 

GWENLLIAN  and  GWENLLIANT,  enw  merch ;  from  lliant,  the  flux 
or  tide  of  the  sea  or  stream  of  a  river.  "  Idem  quod  Gwenllinan 
videtur."     (Dr.  Davies.) 

GwENLLiw,  enw  merch. 
.   GwENLLWG,  rect6  Gwentllwg,  one  of  the  cantrefs  of  Mor- 
ganwg,  now  in  Monmouthshire.     (Price's  Bescript,) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  221 

Pob  man  blaenau  Morgan wg 

A  dennaw  llan  hyd  Wenllwg. — L.  Gl,  Cothi. 

GwENLLWYFO  OF  GwENLLWYDDOG  Saint.  Llanwenllwyfo,  a 
church,  Anglesey. 

GWENN  (n.  pr.  f.),  dim.  Oweniw,  Juno. 

GWENNAN,  King  Arthur^s  favourite  ship  of  this  name,  cast 
away  on  a  bank  of  sand  near  Bardsey  Island,  whence  the  place 
is  called  to  this  day  Gorffrydau  Caswennan,  i  e.,  the  streams  of 
Caswennan.     See  Caswennan. 

GwENNi.     Brogior  [Aberogwr — /.  if]  wrth  Wenni. 

GwENOG  Sant.  Llanwenog  in  Cardiganshire.  Fairs  kept  here. 
[Llanwnog  in  Montgomeryshire. —  W,  I).] 

GwENONWY  (n.  pr.  f.).     D,  ap  Gwilym, 

GwENOLWYN.  Bodwenolwyn,  Mon.  Abergwynolwyn.  Also  a 
river  in  Brecknockshire. 

GwENT,  Lat.  Verda  Silurum,  one  of  the  six  parts  or  swyddau 
of  the  territory  of  Dinefwr,  now  (with  Radnorshire)  called  South 
Wales.  Gwent  is  now  in  Monmouthshire,  and  contained  three 
commots,  viz.,  Cantref  Gwent,  Cantref  Iscoed,  and  Cantref  Coch. 
(Price's  Descript.)  Caerwent,  Chepstow.  {Thos.  Williams.)  Os 
Dwy-went  is  y  deau  (J.  D.).  The  Upper  and  Lower  Gwent. 
Gwent  is  Coed  (Tr.  30) ;  Gwent  uwch  Coed.  Castell  Gwent  and 
Casgwent,  Chepstow.     See  Gwrtheym, 

GWEN  Teirbron  verch  Emyr  Llydaw. 

GwENSi  verch  Howel  ap  Gronw. 

GwENWEUN  Befr,  a  place  where  Ilywelyn  ap  lorwerth  had 
his  fourth  camp.     {Cyhh  Llywelyn.) 

GwENWYN,  the  same  with  Gwenwynwyn.     See  Gwanar. 

GWENWYNWYN  (u.  pr.  v). 

Gwenwynwyn  ap  Naw  or  Naf,  one  of  the  three  admirals  of 
Britain  in  King  Arthur's  time  (Tr.  20) ;  also  a  Prince  of  Powys 
(part  of)  of  this  name,  whence  Powys  Wynwynwyn. 

Gwenwynwyn  ap  Lliaws  ap  Nwyfre,  a  general  of  the  Britons 
imder  Caswallon  ap  Beli  Mawr  and  his  nephew.  {Tr.  40.)  See 
Gwanar. 

GwENWYS.  Cadwgan  Wenwys.  Gwenwys,  arglwydd  Bron- 
iarth. 

Gwenwys,  name  of  a  country,  Gwentland  or  Monmouthshire. 


222  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Mathafam,  in  Montgomeryshire,  seems  to  be  in  one  Gwenwys, 
for  Llywelyn  ap  Guttyn  calls  D.  Iloyd  of  Mathafarn, 

Wrth  hwnnw,  arth  o  Wenwys. — LI.  ap  Quttyn. 

Gwenwys,  the  inhabitants  of  Gwent,  q.  d.  Gwent  weision, 
Gwent  men ;  as  Lloegrwys=Lloegrians,or  the  people  of  England. 

GwENYNOG  or  GwAUNYNOG,  a  gentleman's  seat  near  Denbigh; 
likewise  a  place  in  Anglesey.  [Another  in  Caereinion  in  Powys. 
—  W.D.-] 

GwEPPRA,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Flintshire.  Cwtter  Weppra. 
Llyn  Gweppra. 

GwERCLYS,  a  gentleman's  seat.  Hughes.  [Near  Corwen,  Meri- 
oneth.— W,  D,] 

GwERN,  a  place  of  alders,  in  the  names  of  places,  as,  Gwyddel- 
wem ;  Pengwern ;  Glan  y  Wern ;  Pen  y  Weru ;  y  Wern  Ddu, 
etc.,  etc.    [Y  Wern  Las.— IT.  D.] 

.  GWERNAN  or  GWERNEN  (n.  1.). 

GwERNAN  ap  Ifan. 

GwERN  Y  Brechdwn,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (/.  D)  [Robert 
Llwyd  0  Wern  y  Brychdwn. —  W,  -D.] 

GwERNEN  ap  Clydno,  at  Clydro,  an  ancient  poet.  {E.  Llwyd) 

GwERN  Y  FiROGL  ( Vinogyl  in  E.  Evans'  transcript  of  Llyfr 
Coch  0  Hergesf),  a  battle  fought  between  Owen  Amhadawg  and 
the  sons  of  Owen  Cyfeiliog.  It  is  near  Castell  Carreg  Hova  in 
Shropshire,  near  Oswestry,  a.d.  1187.  Owein  was  killed  by 
fraud  in  that  castle,  in  the  night,  by  Gwenwynwyn  and  Cad- 
wallon  ab  0.  Cyfeiliog.     {Caradoc,  p.  241.) 

GwERNGWY.  Llys  Gwerngwy  in  Dyffryn  Clwyd,  the  seat  of 
Efnydd  ap  Gwemgwy. 

Gwerngwy  {PymtJieg  Llwyih)  ap  Gwaeddvawr  neu  ap  Gwaedd- 
gar  (Gwaeddgawr). 

GwERNGWYGiD,  where  Gruff,  ap  Cynan  fought  a  battle. 

Gwern  Qwygid  gwanai  bawb  yn  en  gilydd. 

Meilir  Brydydd,  i  Gruff,  ap  Cynan. 

GwERNLAN,  Watliugford,  qu.  ? 

GwERNYFED,  Gwern  Hyfed,  Gwern  Hyfaidd,  or  Gwern  Ny ved, 
a  gentleman's  seat  in  Brecknockshire.    Sir  Herbert  Mackworth. 
GwEiiSYLLT,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  223 

GwEKTHBFiN.  Caer  Werthefin,  a  town  in  the  Forest  of  Cale- 
donia, in  Scotland,  the  native  place  of  Myrddin  ap  Morfran  or 
Myrddin  Wyllt,  the  Pictish  poet ;  supposed  to  be  Dunkeld  in 
Scotland.     See  Cyfoesau  Myrddin  a  Gwenddydd.  {E,  Lhvyd.) 

GwERTHRYNiON,  a  castle  and  a  territory  on  the  river  Gwy, 
first  built  by  Gwrtheyrn  Gwrtheneu,  and  should  be  wrote  Gwrth- 
eymioH.  It  hath  been  often  in  the  hands  of  the  Normans, 
English,  etc.  In  the  year  1254  it  was  taken  by  Lleweljm  ap 
Gruffudd  from  Sir  Eo.  Mortimer  (Powel,  A.D.  1201),  says  Cam- 
den, and  erased.  This  is  that  which  in  Usher's  Catalogue  is 
called  Caer  Gwrtheyrn ;  and  in  the  Triades,  Caer  Gorgyrn  and 
Caer  Gurgyrn ;  and  in  Nennius'  Catalogue,  Ceier  Guorthigime. 
Mr.  Camden's  account  of  it,  out  of  Nennius,  is  a  monkish  tale 
pretending  a  grant  of  lands  to  St.  Gannon  because  of  the  like- 
ness of  the  name  Gwrtheymion  to  Gwarth  Union,  two  words 
which  cannot  be  wrested  to  signify  anything  but  reproach  right 
or  right  reproach,  which  is  nonsense. 

Gwrthrynion,  in  my  MS.,  is  also  one  of  the  three  commots  of 
Arwystli,  once  in  Meirionydd. 

GwERYDD  ap  Rhys  Goch,  lord  of  Tal  y  Bolion,  in  Anglesey,  in 
the  time  of  Davydd  ap  Owain  Gwynedd,  anno  1170.  Bore 
argent,  three  leopards'  heads  or  on  a  bend  sable. 

GwERYSTAN  ap  Gwaithvoed  Fawr. 

GwESTUN.     Twr  Gwestun,  a  castle  so  called. 

Dinas  gwcstifiant  gostyngws  mal  gwr 
Gwestun  dwr  dorradwy. 

Cynddelwy  i  Yw.  Cyfeiliog. 

Gwestun  or  Gwestyn,  a  pleu^e  mentioned  in  Hirlas  Yweiu 

Cyfeiliog. 

Ar  lawr  Gwesfcnn  vawr  gwelais  irdant. 

GwESTYD  (Y),  nomen  loci. 

A  gair  o  ben  gwyn  y  byd 
Gwyr  gystal  ag  o*r  Gwestyd  ? 

8ion  Cerij  i  Ifan  Goch  o  Grng  Eryr. 

GwESYN  or  GwESSiN,  a  river.  Abergwesyn  in  Brecknockshire, 
GwEUNLLWc,  qu.  Gwentllwg  ? 
GwEURFYL,  enw  merch. 


224  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

GwEURUL  verch  Gwrgeneu,  the  wife  of  Gruffudd  ap  Meredydd, 
and  mother  of  Ywain  Cvfeiliog. 

GWEWENHYR:  see  Wewenhyr, 

GwEYRN  Mawr  (nomen  loci). 

GwEYRYDD  ap  Cynfelyn,  the  76th  Kiug  of  Britain;  recti 
Gwairydd  or  Gweirydd. 

Nith  gair  yn  llai  na  Gwairydd 
Ni  mynnai  dwyll  mewn  y  dydd. 

D,  M.  TuduTj  i  How.  Colunwy. 

GwEYTHAN,  GwiTHAN,  OF  GwiDDAN,  a  battle  fought  at  Gweyth- 
an,  between  the  Britons  and  the  Saxons,  a.d.  867.  Tre  WeUhan, 
in  Montgomeryshire ;  qu.,  whether  Forth  Gweyihan  in  Cardi- 
ganshire ?    See  Blaen  Forth  Gwithan  and  Tre  Weithan, 

GwGAN,  GwGAWN,  GWGON,  an  ancient  British  name  of  men. 

GwGAN  (Prince  of  Cardigan)  ap  Meuric  ap  Dyfnwal  ap  Arthen 
ap  Sisyllt,  drowned  by  misfortune,  A.D.  872. 

GwGAN,  the  son  of  Gwyriad,  the  son  of  Rodri  Mawr,  died  ad. 
958.  ^{Caradocy  p.  16.) 

GwGAN  Cleddyfrudd,  one  of  the  tri  Yscymydd  aerau  (TV. 29); 
Porthawr  gwaith  Perllan  Fangor  {Tr,  66) ;  Gwgon  Gleifrudd 
{Tr.  y  Meirch,  4). 

GwGAtf  Wawd  Newydd,  a  poet.  [A  founder  of  a  new  metre 
or  tune,  qu.  ? —  W.  D.] 

GwGAWN  GwRAWN,  mab  Peredur,  one  of  the  tri  Ueddf  unben. 
(TV.  14.) 

GwHiR  (ap  Owein  ap  Ceredig),  brother  of  Pedrog  Sant. 

GwiAWN  ap  Cyndrwyn,  un  o  dri  phorthawr  gwaith  Perllan 
Fangor.  (TV.  66.)  The  same  with  Gwion,  brother  of  Cyndylan. 
(Llyiaarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan.) 

GwiDiGADA  (nomen  loci).     See  Widigada. 

GwiDOL  or  GwiPAWX,  a  river :  hence  Ehos  Widol.  (TV.  69.) 
See  Garth  GwidoL 

GwiG,  a  river  on  the  borders  of  Scotland,  that  falls  into  the 
Tuedd  (Tweed),  where  the  ancient  Britons  had  a  town  called 
Aberwic  (Berwic).  Hence  came  the  terminations  of  the  names 
of  many  towns  in  England :  Greenwich,  i.  e.,  T  Wig  LSs  ;  Sand- 
wich, Gwig  y  Tywod ;  Keswick,  in  Cumberiand.  And  hence, 
no  doubt,  came  the  termination  wick  in  the  names  of  places  in 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  225 

Germany,  and  toward3  the  Baltic,  where  the  Cimbrians  once 
abounded  Brunswick ;  Sleswick  ;  Bolwick ;  Danswick  (Dant- 
zick) ;  Larwick ;  Hudwick's  Wald,  etc.,  etc.  [  Vide  Cluverius,  or 
some  such  author. —  W.  jP.]  And  this  throws  a  light  on  that 
passage  in  our  British  history  which  says  that  one  Gotmiimt, 
King  of  Affric,  who  had  come  with  a  great  fleet  to  subdue  Ire- 
land, was  called  by  the  Saxons  to  their  assistance  after  the 
death  of  Maelgwn  Gwynedd.  And  Gotmwnt  overran  the  whole 
island  of  Britain,  and  gave  all  Loegria  to  the  Saxons,  and  drove 
Ceredic  over  the  Hafren  (Severn)  into  Wales.  This  Gotmwnt  is 
called  by  Giraldus  Cambrensis  Gennundus,  and  [he]  says  he  was 
a  Norwegian.  {Top.  Ireland,  c.  24 ;  see  Ogygia,  p.  13.)  The  above 
Ceretic  is  the  same  name  with  the  Oei'dec  Elmet  of  Nennius, 
Elved  being  the  name  of  his  country.  Aflfric  or  Afierwic,  there- 
fore, was  the  name  of  some  country  upon  the  Baltic ;  or  else 
transcribers,  not  used  to  those  northern  names,  might  mistake 
Affric  for  Sleswick  or  Larwick,  etc. 

\6wig  Fair,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Flintshire,  vulg6  Wickwer. 
Wickwa/r  (1.  n.),  a  town  on  the  river  which  runs  from  Chipping 
Sodbury  to  Berkley,  and  so  to  Severn.  Wekewar  in  another 
map. — W,  Di\ 

GwiLi  (fl.),  that  runs  through  Cwm  Gwili,  and  falls  into  the 
Towi,  Caermarthenshire.  Hence  Abergwili,  a  village,  and  the 
palace  of  the  Bishop  of  St.  David's ;  q.  d.  Gwy  lif.  See  Aber- 
gwili, 

GwiLYM,  a  name  used  among  the  Britons  since  William  the 
Conqueror's  time,  and  is  always  Latinized  Gulielmus.  It  seems 
to  have  been  formed  from  the  Germ.  Wilhelm  or  Guildhelm,  now 
William,  if  not  from  the  British  GwayvAym.  I  dop't  remember 
ever  to  have  met  with  it  in  any  ancient  MSS.  older  than  the 
Korman  conquest.     It  is  also  wrote  Gwilim.    PL  Gwilymiaid. 

Gweled  gan  Rhys  a  Gv^ilim 

Abid  du  heb  wybod  dim. — L.  GL  Cothi. 

GwiNAU  Daufreuddwyd. 

G WINER  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Saxon  name,  at  the  battle  of  Bangor  is  y 
Coed. 
GwiNFFiiWD.     Gwelw  Gwinffrwd. 

29 


226  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

GwiNlONYDD,  a  parcel  of  Cardiganshire. 

Trown  yno  trwy  Winionydd 

Clara  defeitia  da  fydd. — P.  cup  leuan  Bu. 

The  borders  of  the  river  Gwy,  q.  d.  Owyonydd, 

GwiNLLiw,  a  parish  in  Monmouthshire.  Fairs  kept  here  at 
Stow.     See  Ovyynlliw  Filwr, 

GwiON  and  Gwiawn  (n.  pr.  v.). 

GwiON  Bach,  a  poet  mentioned  by  Taliesin  in  his  transmi- 
gration. 

GwiON  AP  UCHTRYD  (Ehys  Goch  Eryri).  Croes  Wion  in 
Anglesey.  Gwydd  Gwion,  Montgomeryshire.  [Celli  Wion  in 
Glamorgan. — I.  if.] 

GwiRFAi,  a  hundred  of  Carnarvonshire.  Uwch  and  Is  Gwirfai. 
Bangor  Fawr  uwch  ben  Gwirfai.     (0.  LI  Moel.) 

GwiRiAWN  ap  Gwynnan  ap  Gwynfyw  Fr^ch. 

GwLAD,  a  country ;  the  people  of  a  country ;  the  government 
of  a  country ;  the  same  with  the  Saxon  set,  as  Somerset,  Gwlad 
yr  Haf;  Westset,  Gwlad  Gwent  Hence  Gwledig,  a  king  or 
governor :  Cynan  Wledig,  Enirys  Wledig,  etc.  Gair  y  wlad,  the 
common  report;  i.  e.,  the  country's  word.  Ehoi  ar  y  wlad, 
referred  to  a  jury ;  t.  c,  to  put  it  on  the  country  or  people.  Dif- 
ferent from  bro, 

Ach  gwyr  oil,  wlad  Fro  Gadell. — Rhys  Nanmor. 

GwLADUS  (n.  f.),  from  gwlad,  a  country.  Several  worthy 
British  women  of  this  name.  So  gwledig,  an  appellation  in  the 
Loegrian  dialect,  signifying  a  prince  or  ruler,  comes  from  gwlad; 
that  is  as  much  as  to  say,  one  that  owns  a  country  or  governs  a 
country.  Emrys  Wledig,  Cynan  Wledig,  etc.  But  Camden 
squeezes  it  from  Claudia ;  but  might  not  Claudius  and  Claudia 
come  from  Gwledig  and  Gwladus  ? 

Gwlad  yr  Haf,  Somersetshire.  Also  a  province  in  France  of 
that  name. 

GwLEDic  or  Gwledig,  a  surname  or  title  ;  "  bellicosus'*.  (B. 
Llwyd.)  Emrys  Wledig,  Aurelius  Ambrosius.  Cynedda  Wledig, 
Cunedagus.  Cynan  Wledig,  Aurelius  Conanus.  Macsen  Wledig, 
Maximus.  Cylyddon  Wledig.  Gwerthmwl  Wledic  o'r  Gogledd, 
and  Gyrthmwl  (Tr.  G9).     Qeuroswydd  ^^^eaig  (Tr.  50).     Am- 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  227 

lawdd  Wledig,  sign,  teyrn.     Casnar  Wledig.    (Mdbinogi),     See 
Priodawr  and  Cawr  and  Yrth. 

GwLYDDiEN  ap  Howy  ap  Arthen. 

GwNDA  or  GwYNDA  Sant.  Llanwnda,  Caernarvonshire.  Bod- 
gynda  in  Anglesey. 

GwNLLE,  a  gentleman's  seat.    {J,  D)     Price's. 

GwNNE  (n.  pr.  v.).  Davydd  ap  Gwnne  Ddu.  {Extent  of 
Afiglesey  in  Tre  Ddestiniet.)  Hence  Melin  Gwnne  in  the  said 
township. 

GwNNEN.    Llanwnnen  in  Cardiganshire.    Fairs  kept  here. 

GwNNiOG  Sant.  Llanwnniog,  qu.  St.  Winoc,  a  Britain  bishop, 
a  follower  of  St.  Patrick  in  Ireland.  Another,  a  cotemporary  of 
Gregory  of  Tours,  which  he  ordained  priest.  {Ilist  Fr.,  1.  v, 
c.  21.) 

GwYNNW,  vid.  id.  quod  Cwnnws. 

GwNNWS  Sant.     lianwnnws  in  Cardiganshire. 

GwoNNO  or  GwiNlo.  Llanwonno,  Glamorganshire  ;  Ilanwinio, 
Caermarthenshire. 

GwoRTiGEK  Mawr  :  SCO  Gwortigem  and  Oaer  Gwortigem, 

GwoRTiGERN.  Caer  Gwortigem  in  Camden's  Britannia,  which 
he  makes  to  be  the  city  of  Vortigern  in  Maelienydd,  in  a  great 
wilderness  which  never  existed ;  and  there,  he  says,  he  was 
burnt  by  a  fire  from  heaven,  having  married  his  own  daughter. 
These  are  heavy  charges  without  proper  proof.  Tyssilio  says  he 
"was  burnt  in  his  castle  of  Gwrtheyrnion  ar  Ian  G>vy  by  Emreis 
and  Uthur,  the  sons  of  Cwstenin,  who  claimed  the  crown  from 
him.  So  Gwrthrenion,  Gwarthenion,  and  Gwortiger  Mawr,  are 
mere  dreams,  the  latter  being  a  plain  corruption  of  Gwortigem- 
iawn. 

GwRAN  ap  Cynedda  Wledig,  father  of  Maelor,  who  gave  name 
to  Maeloron,  the  two  Maelors. 

GwRANGON:  see  Wyraiigon. 

GwRDDFAN  G AWR  (n.  pr.  v.).  (Dr.  Davies  in  Bann.)  See  Ogyr- 
fan, 

GwRECSAM,  in  English  Wrexham,  a  town  and  church  dedicated 
to  St.  Silin ;  perhaps  the  same  with  St.  Giles.  The  situation  of 
this  town  makes  it  beyond  doubt  that  the  Britons,  in  ancient 
times,  had  a  town  here ;  but  its  ancient  name  is  lost.  [I  have 
an  ancient  name  of  it. — W.  D.] 


228  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

GwREDOG  or  GwAREDOG,  a  chapel  and  parish,  Anglesey.  B. 
Willis  says  it  was  Locus  refugii,  which  is  a  mistake.  Noddfa  is 
a  place  of  refuge,  or  sanctuary.  This  Gwai-edog  seems  to  be  a 
proper  name  of  a  man. 

GwREi  ap  Cado  of  Bennystrywed  yn  Arwystli. 

GwRFAWR  ap  Cadien  ap  Cynan. 

GwRFYWDYGU,  the  18th  King  of  Britain. 

GwRFYW  ap  Pasgen  ap  Cynfarch. 

GwRGAN  (n.  pr.  v.). 

GwRGENEU.     Eirid  Flaidd  ap  Gwrgeneu. 

GwRGAN  Farfdwrch,  or  Farf  Twrch,  a  King  of  Britain ;  the 
23rd  King  of  Britain.  Camden  writes  him,  Ghvrind  barmtrtieh, 
and  says  it  is  spade-beard.  This  shews  his  entire  ignorance  of 
the  language,  and  he  ought  not  to  have  meddled  with  it.  The 
meaning  of  it  is  Gwrgan  with  the  hog-beard. 

GwRGAN  ap  Ehys  died  a.d.  1157,  the  best  poet  of  his  time. 
{Caradoc  in  0.  Gwynedd.)  I  never  met  with  any  of  his 
works. 

Gwrgeneu  (n.  pr.  v.),  commonly  wrote  in  English  Vrgeney. 
It  is  of  the  same  origin  with  Gwrgan  and  GwrgL 

Gwrgeneu,  Bishop  of  St.  David's. 

Gwrgeneu  ap  Sitsyllt,  a  nobleman  of  Wales,  killed  by  the 
sons  of  Ehys  Sais.     {Garadoc,  p.  114.) 

GwRGL  (n.  pr.  v.). 

GwRGUNAN,  qu.  an  idem  Gwrgeneu  ? 

GwRGi  Sant.     Church  at  Penystrowydd,  Montgomeryshire. 

GwRGi  ap  Hedd  Molwynog. 

GwRGi  Garwlwyd,  the  name  of  some  Pict,^it  seems  a  great 
enemy  of  the  Southern  Britons,  who  made  it  a  custom  to  kill  a 
Briton  for  every  day  in  the  week.  He  was  at  last  killed  by 
Diffedell  ap  Dysgyfedawc  (TV.  37),  and  this  was  reckoned  a 
notable  good  deed. 

GwRGi  and  Peredur,  twins,  and  sons  of  Elifer  Gosgorddfawr 
(TV.  35),  kiUed  in  a  battle  with  the  Saxons,  A.D.  584.  {JSra 
Camhr.) 

G\\TiGON,  father  of  Etheu.    (TV.  62.) 

GwRGON  verch  Brychan,  gwraig  Cadrod  Calchfynydd. 

GwRGUSTU,  or  Llanrwst,  where  a  battle  was  fought  A.D.  952, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  229 

l^etween  North  Wales  and  South  Wales  men  for  the  government 
of  Wales.    [Note. — Llewelyn  buried  at  Llan  Ewst. —  W,  2>.] 

GwRlG.    Caer  Gwiig  (Usher),  Warwick.    See  Wair. 

G^RIN  Sant.  Uanwrin,  a  church  and  parish  in  the  deanery 
of  Cyfeiliog. 

GwRiSNYDD  ap  Dwywelyth,  or  Grisnydd  ap  Dwywylith  ap 
Tegawc. 

GwRLAis,  larll  Kemiw. 

GwKLi  or  GwRLBU.  Caer  GwrU,  a  castle  and  town  in  Flint- 
shire ;  in  EngUsh,  The  ffope.  Fairs  are  kept  here.  A  room 
under  ground,  and  coins  and  books  found  there,  February,  1757. 

GwBNERTH  (n.  pr.  v.),  A.D.  610.  {E.  Llwyd.)  Tmatgreg  Llew- 
elyn a  Gwmerth. 

GwRON  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Gwrawl  gleddyfial  gwrial  Gwron. 

Cynddelwy  Marwnad  Cad.  ap  Madawc. 

GwRTHEFYR  Fendigaid,  the  96th  King  of  Britain,  son  of 
Gwrtheym  Gwrtheneu,  who  called  in  the  Saxons.  Gwrtheym 
was  dethroned,  and  Gwrthefyr  set  upon  the  throne.  Latin 
writers  call  him  Vortirrurus.     (IV.  45.) 

Gwrthefyr,  the  103rd  King  of  Britain. 

GwRTHEYRN  GwRTHENEU,  the  95th  King  of  Britain,  Earl  of 
Gwenty  Euas,  and  Erging,  on  the  death  of  Constantine,  King  of 
Britain,  brother  of  Aldwr,  King  of  Armorica,  took  Constans,  his 
son,  out  of  a  monastery,  to  have  a  colour  to  reign,  and  to  main- 
tain his  power  called  in  the  Saxons  against  the  Picts  and  Scots 
on  one  side,  and  the  Armoricans  on  the  other,  who  got  at  last 
the  government  of  the  whole  island  after  a  struggle  with  the 
Britons  of  above  700  years.  He  is  called  in  one  copy  of  Nen- 
nius  Gworthigem  mac  Guortheneu,  and  in  the  Triades  Gwrth- 
eym mab  Gwrtheneu.  He  had,  perhaps,  some  claim  to  the 
crown  after  Eudaf,  who  was  Earl  of  Euas  and  Erging  also,  whose 
daughter  married  to  Maximus  the  Emperor.  He  built  the  castle 
of  Gwrtheymion  in  Wales,  wherein  he  was  burnt  by  Emrys  and 
Uthur,  the  other  sons  of  Constantine.  He  is  called  by  Latin 
writers  Vortigermis,  Zosimus  says  that  the  Britons  cast  off  the 
Eoman  government,  and  settled  a  commonwealth  after  their  own 
liking  {Zodm.y  1.  vi),  which  Selden  says  was  in  the  year  430. 


230  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

(Selden,  Mar,  Glaus,,  p.  248).  So  they  only  changed  Somans  for 
Saxons ;  and  these  Saxons  were  driven  out  by  the  Danes,  and 
they  by  the  Normans. 

Most  writers  say  that  the  Saxons  came  first  to  Britain  in  the 
year  449,  which  doth  not  agree  with  the  time  of  Garmon's  being 
here  to  confute  the  Pelagian  heresy ;  therefore  Camden  (in  Bri- 
tannia, p.  95)  places  their  coming  in  a.d.  428),  which,  as  Mr. 
Selden  says  upon  better  consideration  may,  perhaps,  be  allowed. 
{Mar,  Claus,,  p.  232.) 

GWRTHEYRNION :  SCO  Gwetthrynion. 

GwRTHGAiN  ap  Rhys;  perhaps  the  same  with  Gwigan  ap 
Bhys.     See  Ghorgeneu, 

GwRTHRYCHiAD,  properly  Gwrthddrychiad,  an  heir.  Spelman, 
in  his  Glossary,  in  Adelingus,  reads  this  out  of  a  MS.  of  the  Laws 
of  Howel  Dda,  by  mistake,  Vrehrichiad.    See  Edlin, 

GwRTHRYMUS.  Idnerth  arglwydd  Elfael,  Maelienydd,  a  Gwrth- 
lymus ;  id.  q.  Gwrthynion,  qu.  ? 

GwRTYD  Sant,  qu.  ?    Llanwrtyd,  Brecknockshire. 

GwRWARED  ap  Cyhelyn  Fardd  ap  Gw3mfardd. 

GwRWARED  ap  Gwilym. 

GwRYDYR  Drwm  ap  Gwedrawc  ap  Geraint  ap  G^ranawch  (an 
id.  quod  Caranawc  ?)  ap  Glewddigar  ap  Cynwae  Eychwain  o  Fod 
Rychwain  yn  Bh&s  (k  gior  and  liydr), 

GwRYAT  (n.  pr.  v.). 

GwRYAT  fab  Gwryan  yn  y  Gogledd  (TV.  76) ;  one  who  ad- 
vanced himself  from  a  native  tenant  or  slave  to  be  a  King  of 
some  part  of  North  Britain. 

GwRYGlON :  see  Wrygion, 

GwTHERiN,  a  village  in  Denbighshire.     Fairs  kept  here. 

GwY,  the  name  of  a  river  in  Wales,  rising  in  Plumlumon 
mountain,  so  to  Ehaiadr  Gwy,  to  Buellt,  and  to  Eoss  in  Here- 
fordshire, and  emptying  itself  at  Chepstow ;  by  the  English 
called  IVye;  hence  DyflFryn  Gwy,  Glyn  Gwy. 

Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  says  that  guy,  uy,  uys,  ey,  y,  and  i,  are  as 
often  the  final  syllable  of  our  rivers  as  Tam  or  Tau  is  the  initial. 
In  the  Gothic  and  modern  Swedish  aa  is  a  river ;  and  in  the 
French,  eau  is  water,  to  which  the  British  word  answers.  He 
further  adds  that,  seeing  the  water  between  Anglesey  and  Caer- 


CELTIC  REMAINS.       '  231 

narvonshire  is  called  Meneu,  and  that  St.  David's  is  called  Meneu, 
it,  according  to  that  sense,  signifies  narrow  water,  because  there 
is  a  narrow  water  at  Kamsey,  near  St.  David's.  But  if  Mr. 
Uwyd  had  been  better  acquainted  with  our  ancient  poets,  he 
would  have  seen  that  the  water  of  Anglesey  is  always  called 
Menai,  and  not  Meneu,  I  agree  with  Mr.  Llwyd  th^t  wy  and 
gwy  signified  water  in  the  Celtic,  as  appears  from  the  names  of 
several  rivers,  as  Llugwy,  Colunwy,  Elwy,  y  Vjrmwy,  Dourdwy, 
Cynwy  or  Conwy,  Mawddwy,  Mynwy,  Trydonwy,  Dyfrdonwy, 
Duwyfawr,Duwyfach,Edwy,Onwy,Machawy,etc.,etc.;  and  from 
awy  or  aw :  Manaw,  q.  d.  Monaw  ;  Alaw.  But  in  nothing  plainer 
than  water-fowl :  gwydd,  hwyad,  gwylan^  gwyachygwyraiUy  gxoylog, 
gwylym.  Therefore  this  takes  off  the  strength  of  Mr.  E.  Llwyd's 
argument  that  the  Gwyddelian  Britons  and  us  had  dififerent 
languages  (see  Wysg  and  Lhvch),  for  Owy  is  a  river  called  by  the 
name  of  water,  as  he  says  the  river  Wysg  is.  Should  not  we 
rather  conclude  from  these  things  that  the  Gwyddelian  Britons 
were  colonies  sent  from  the  country  now  called  South  Wales  to 
Ireland,  as  several  words  in  their  language  agree  to  this  day  not 
to  be  found  in  North  Wales  ;  as  ysgadan,  a  herring ;  llwch,  a  lake 
or  lough ;  esgair,  a  ridge  of  mountains  ;  arann,  a  kidney ;  ckiair, 
a  babbler,  etc.,  etc.  [Ysgadan,  plural,  and  ysgadenyn,  singular,  is 
always  used  in  Montgomeryshire  for  herrings. —  W.  D.] 

GwY,  a  river  mentioned  by  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cad- 
waUon. 

GwYAR,  father  of  Gwalchmai,  nai  Arthur,  second  husband  of 
Anna,  qu.  ?     See  Ghvakhmai. 

GwYDiON  or  GwDiON,  son  of  Don,  Lord  or  Prince  of  Arvon. 
This  Gwdion  was  a  great  philosopher  and  astronomer,  and  from 
him  the  Via  Lactea,  or  Milky  Way,  or  Galaxy,  in  the  heavens 
is  called  Caer  Gwdion.  His  great  learning  made  the  vulgar  call 
him  a  conjuror  and  necromancer ;  and  there  was  a  story  feigned 

that  when  he  travelled  through  the  heavens  in  search  of 's 

wife  that  eloped,  he  left  this  tract  of  stars  behind  him.  (D,  J.) 
See  Math  and  Don,  and  Oronwy  Pefr. 

GwYDYR  ap  Cynfelyn,  the  75th  King  of  Britain. 

GwYDYR  Drwm,  husband  of  the  chaste  Efiliau.     {Tr.  55.) 

GwYDD,  Gweith,  the  Isle  of  Wight. 


232  -       CELTIC  REMAINS. 

GwYDDAiNT,  cousin  gerrnan  to  King  Cadwallon.  (E.  Ilwyd, 
from  Vaughan's  MS,  Notes  on  Camden.) 

GwYDDALUS.  Ilanwyddalus  in  Cardiganshire.  Fairs  kept  here. 

GwYDDEL,  Hibemicus,  an  Irishman  (from  gwydd^  wood) ;  plur. 
Owyddyl,  the  inhabitants  of  Ireland.  Ireland  was  originally 
called  by^the  Britons  Gwydd  Tnys,  the  Woody  Island  (by  the 
natives,  in  their  own  dialect,  fiobmijr;  i,  e.,  Insula  Memorosa, — 
Flaherty,  p.  18) ;  and  it  was  natural  enough  for  the  Britons, 
from  whom  they  were  descended,  to  call  them  Owyddyl  or  Gwydd- 
elody  Wood  Men,  though  they  named  the  island  Y  Werddon, 
t.  e,,  Y  Werdd  Ynya,  the  Green  Island,  which  is  the  British 
name  of  it  to  this  day ;  and  yet  the  inhabitants  are  never  called 
in  Welsh  Gwerddoniaid,  but  Owyddelod  or  Owyddyl,  Gwyddel 
(pi.  Ovryddyl)  signifies  also  foresters,  wild  men,  woodmen,  out- 
laws, wood-rovers,  thieves  of  any  nation.  In  the  legend  of 
St.  Elian  a  Saxon  wood-rover  is  called  gwyddel,  from  gwydd. 

I  Iwyn  o  goed  dan  len  gel 

Efo'i  gwyddai  y  Gwyddel,  etc. 

Gwedi'r  Sais  o*r  gwaed  ar  sam. — Q,  Owyn. 

And  Gwyddelyn  is  the  diminutive  of  Gwyddel. 

Gwyddelyn  mewn  gwe  ddulwyd. 

Huw  Oae  Llwyd,  to  the  Ape. 

Gwyddel  is  also  used  as  a  cognomen.  leuan  Wyddel.  Gwyddel 
in  the  names  of  places;  as,  Pentre'r  Gwyddel,  in  Ehoscolyn, 
Anglesey ;  and  Cerrig  Gwyddel,  near  Malldraeth,  Anglesey ; 
Pont  y  Gwyddel,  in  Llanvair,  Denbighshire ;  Pentre'r  Gwyddel, 
in  Llysfaen,  Denbighshire ;  Cerig  y  Gwyddel,  near  Ffestiniog, 
Meirion ;  Cwm  y  Gwyddel,  in  Penbryn  parish,  Ceretica ;  another 
in lianbadarn  Vawr,  Ceretica ;  another  in  Glamorganshire;  Cam 
PhyUp  Wyddel,  in  Llanwenog,  Ceretica.     See  Itoerddon, 

GwYDDELEG,  lingua  Hihemica,  the  Irish  tongue ;  called  also 
laith  Werddonig,  Flaherty  {Ogygia,  p.  63)  makes  it  consist  of 
four  dialects ;  i,  e.,  Law  Dialect,  Poetry,  Picked,  and  Common. 
So  the  language  of  the  poets  in  the  British  differs  much  from 
common  speech,  which  accounts  for  the  obscurity,  at  this  time, 
of  some  poetical  writers. 

Gwydd  Elen  or  Gwyddelen.  Uanwyddelen,  parish  and 
church  in  Cydewain  deanery.     See  Dot  Wydd  Elen. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  233 

GwYDDYL  GORR,  the  Same  with  Eiddilic  Gorr,  a  noted  hudol 
or  magician  mentioned  in  the  Triades  (31). 

GwYDDELiG.  Dysiau  Gwyddelig.  Dyn  Gwyddelig,  a  brutish 
fellow  (Cardiganshire),  or  a  morose,  unmerciful  fellow. 

GwYDDELWERN,  a  place  in  Powys  Land,  where  Beuno  built  a 
church,  the  ground  being  given  him  by  Cynan,  King  of  Powys, 
ap  Brochfael  Ysgithrog ;  called  Gwyddelweru  from  an  Irishman 
that  Beuno  raised  from  the  dead,  who  had  been  murdered  by 
his  wife.  (Buchedd  Beuno,  Jes.  Coll.,  Ox.)  Q.  d.  Gwern  y 
GwyddeL 

GWYDDEN,    or    GWDDYN,   01    GWYDDIN,    OF    GWYDDYN.      Llan- 

wyddyn  or  Llanwydden,  a  parochial  cliapel  in  the  parish  of  Uan- 
rhaiadr  ym  Mochnant,  county  of  Denbigh  and  Salop.  [A  church 
in  Montgomeryshire. —  W,D.]  Llanwydden,  a  house  in  Creuthyn, 
near  Conwy ;  but  no  church  near.    Qu.  whether  Glan  Wydden  ? 

GWYDDFA. 

Gwyddfa  Bhufawn  Pefr. — H".  ap  0.  Gwynedd, 

GwYDDFARCH  (n.  pr.  V.)  is  Marchwydd  transposed,  says  Mr. 
E.  Llwyd.     Gwyddfarch  Gyfarwydd.     (Dr.  Davies  in  Proverbs,) 

GwYDD  GwiON,  a  gentleman^s  seat  in  Bro  Wyddno.  (0.  Gwyn- 
edd,) 

GwYDDNO  (n.  pr.  v.). 

GwYDDNO  GoRONiR  or  Garanir  was  lord  of  Cantre  Gwaelod, 
a  lai^e  flat  country  overflown  by  the  sea  about  the  year  500. 

Cwyufan  G wyddno  Garanir 
Pan  droes  y  donn  dros  ei  dir. 

Mvnja  Gwyddno  Garanir  was  one  of  the  thirteen  rarities  of 
Britain.  Meat  for  one  man,  when  put  into  it,  would  be  meat 
for  a  hundred  when  it  was  opened.  This  is  generally  taken  for 
some  kind  of  vessel ;  but  I  suppose  it  was  some  new  contrived 
weir  for  catching  fish.  See  Dr.  Davies  in  Mwys,  [This  is  con- 
firmed by  Taliesin  comforting  Elphin,  the  son  of  Gwyddno  Gor- 
onhir,  when  his  weir  was  robbed.  "  Elphin  deg,  paid  ag  wylo", 
etc.—  W,  J9.] 

Forth  Wyddno  yn  y  Gogledd,  or  Gwyddno's  port  or  harbour 
in  the  north,  one  of  the  principal  harbours  of  Britain.  See  Ys- 
cewyn  and  Gwygyr. 

30 


234  CELTIC   REMAINS. 

Cored  Wyddno  is  in  the  mouth  of  Conwy  river. 

Caer  Wyddno  is  a  spot  of  foul  ground  in  Aberystwyth  Bay, 
which  comes  dry  on  spring  tides.  See  CarUref  Gwaelod,  Taliesin, 
and  Mphin, 

GwYDDNO  ap  Emyr  Uydaw. 

GwYDDYL  (anciently  wrote  Owydyl  or  Owytyt),  the  inhabitants 
of  Ireland,  the  Irish.  In  the  Irish  tongue,  OoaidhU  is  an  Irish- 
man ;  Odoilag  or  Goidheilg,  the  Irish  tongue.  But  the  original  of 
the  name  is  not  found  in  the  Irish.  These  people,  being  the  first 
inhabitants  of  Britain,  were  called  by  the  conquerors  Gwyddyl, 
from  gwydd,  wood,  as  being  obliged  to  skulk  in  wood ;  or  from 
gibydd,  wild  or  savage  ;  and  from  hence  were  drove  to  Ireland, 
or  obliged  to  transport  themselves  in  colonies. 

Gwyddyl  Alban  (in  Irish,  GaoidhU  Allan,  the  people  of  Ire- 
land that  planted  themselves  in  Alban,  now  called  Scotland. 
(Flaherty,  Ogygia,  p.  346.) 

GwYGYB  (fl.),  the  rivers  Gwygyr  and  Mathanen,  in  Anglesey, 
go  to  Kemaes  harbour.  Qu.  whether  the  Forth  Wygyr  of  the 
Triades  (No.  5),  one  of  the  principal  harbours  of  Britain  ?  Beau- 
maris rather.    See  Forth  Wygyr,  Rhyd  Wygyr,  and  Yscewyn, 

GWYL  (n.  pr.  f.),  one  of  King  Arthur^s  concubines.  (TV.  60.) 

GWYLATHR,  larll  Desmwnt.     Vid.  Osbwm. 

GwYLAWC  ap  Beli  ap  Mael  Mynan. 

GwTLFA,    Bryn  Gwylfa,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (/.  D) 

GWYLFYW. 

GwYLiiON  Celyddon,  the  names  of  the  Caledonians. 

Can  Wyllon  Celyddon  cerddant. 

Prydydd  Moch^  i  Lin.  ap  lorwerth. 

Gwyn  (fl.) :  hence  Abergwyn. 
GwYN  (n.  pr.  v.).     Triad  62. 
Gwyn,  appellative ;  as  Rhys  Wyn  ap  Rhys. 
Gwyn  ap  Cyndrwyn.   (Llywarch  Hen,  Marwnad  Cynddylan.) 
Gwyn  ap  GoUwyn  :  vid.  Twain, 

Gwyn  ap  Nudd.    Adar  Gwyn  ap  Nudd  ydynt  i'r  elyrch. 
Gwyn  Gwyarcheu,  mentioned  by  Myrddin.   See  Gruffydd  ap 
Cynan, 
Gwyn,  father  of  Coleddawg.     {Tr,  62.) 
Gwynda  Gyoet  (n.  pr.  v.),  and 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  235 

GWYNDA  Eklntat.    {Tr,  Mdrch,  1.) 

GwTKDODES,  a  Koith  Wales  woman. 

GwYNDODYDD,  a  North  Wales  man. 

GwYNDYD,  North  Wales  men. 

GWYNDOR,  i.  e.,  White  Breaks,  the  name  of  a  river  in  America, 
said  to  be  given  it  by  the  Britons  who  settled  there  under  Madoc 
ap  Owain  Gwynedd,  a.d.  1144. 

GwYNEDi),  North  Wales  ;  Lat.  Owyrieddia  and  Ouinethia,  Vene- 
dotia,  and  Venedocia.  (Leland)  Mr.  Camden  thinks  it  to  be 
the  Oermania  of  Pausanias,  who,  in  his  Arcadia,  says  that  Ant. 
Pius  had  chastised  the  Brigantes  for  making  inroads  into  Ger- 
mania,  a  province  of  the  Eomana 

Owen  Gwynedd,  etc. 

Llywelyn  ei  enw  o  eissillydd 

Gwynedd  gwr  dygorbydd. — Hoi.  Myrddin, 

GwYNFA  (n.  1.),  in  Caermarthenshire.  Mathraval  W)aifa.  See 
Mathraval    Peillged  o  Wynfa  i  frenin  Aberfifraw.    {Cyfraiih,) 

GwYNFRYN  (nomen  loci). 

GwYNGAD  ap  Nos  ap  Hoyw. 

GwYNQREGYN  (fl.) ;  heuce  Abergwyngregyn.   See  Garth  Celyn, 

GwYNHYFAR  (n.  pr.  v.),  maer  Cernyw  a  Dyfnaint.  {Ystori  K. 
ap  Kilydd.) 

GwYNLLiw  (n.  pr.  v.). 

GwYNLLiw  ap  Cyngor. 

GwYNLLiw  FiLWR,  King  of  the  Demetians ;  in  Latin,  Ound- 
leus,  confessor.  See  his  Life  in  John  of  Tinmouth.  Qu.  whether 
Cynllo,  Llangynllo  ?  He  divided  the  kingdom  with  his  six 
brothers ;  married  Gwladus  verch  Brychan  Brycheiniog,  who  was 
father  of  St.  Oynog  and  St.  Keina.  (Brit.  Sanct.y  Mar.  29.)  Gwyn- 
lliw's  son  was  St.  Cadoc.  He  was  attended  at  his  death  by 
St.  Dubricius  and  his  son  Cadoc.     (BriL  Sanct.)     See  Cattxog. 

GwYNNAN  ap  Gwynawc  Farfsych. 

GWYNNAWC  ap  GUdas  ap  Caw,  arglwydd  Cwm  Cawlwyd,  {MS) 

GWYNNOG  Sant.  Llanwynnog  in  Arwystli ;  also  the  church 
of  Aberhavesp.  Idem  quod  Gwynnawc  ap  Gildas  ap  Caw,  ar- 
glwydd Cwm  Cawlwyd. 

GWYNODL  Sant.  liangwynodl  in  Lleyn.  Qu.  whether  Guinole 
in  Vertot. 


23G  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

GwYNOGiON.  Swydd  Wynogion,  a  commot  (from  Ototfn,  or 
Owyn  ap  Cyndrwyn  in  Llywarch  Hen,  Marwnad  Cynddylan,  or 
QwynTwg  St.  Ilanwynnog). 

Amgylch  cyminawc  cymynai  Saeson 

Ar  Swydd  Wynnogion  yd  wynnygai. — Gynddelw. 

GwTNOLWYN  (fl.).    Abei^wynolwyn. 

GWYNT.  Caer  WytU,  Winchester  {Th.  Williams),  A.I).  520. 
JEr.  Garni,  {M,  Williams,)     See  Wynt  and  Caeru>y^iU. 

GwYNWAS  (n.  pr.  v.),  fair  man  (^  gwyn  and  gvxis), 

GWYNWYS.     Madog  Gwynwys. 

G^YR  was  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Eginoc  in  Carmarthen- 
shire, but  is  now  in  Glamorganshire.     (Price,  Descript) 

G^YR,  Tir  G^yr,  in  English  Gower  land ;  by  Nennius  (Gale's 

copy),  Guhir,  where  he  says  the  sons  of  Keian,  a  Scot,  seated 

themselves  till  they  were  drove  out  by  Kynedhav,  a  British, 

Prince.     (Camden,  Glam/yrganshire.)     But  this  Keian  is  called 

by  Sir  John  Price,  in  his  Description  of  Wales,  Glam  Hector,  See 

Glam  Hector, 

Aberllychwr  yn  nhir  Gwyr. 

G^YR,  Maen  G^^,  a  stone  near  Cappel  Curig  in  Caer  yn 
Arfonshire,  and  a  cist  vaen  near  it  (E.  Llwyd,  Notes  on  Camden 
in  Gaermarthetishire),  where  he  seems  inclined  to  think  they  got 
that  name  from  gwyro,  bowing,  because  places  of  worship  in  the 
Druidical  times,  or  else  because  they  are  crooked,  i.  e.,  bending 
or  inclining.  But  all  stones  set  on  end  do  bend  or  incline  one 
way  or  other.  [Hence  also  cromlech,  from  crymmu,  to  bend  in 
worship. —  W.  2>.] 

GwYRANGON:  SCO  WyrungoTi, 

GwYRFAi  (fl.),  a  river  near  Llanfaglan  in  Arfon :  hence  Is 
Gwyrfai  and  Uwch  Gwyrfai,  two  commots  in  Caernarvonshire ; 
in  Cantref  Arfon. 

Gwyr  Wemiamn,     {Gwelygorddau  Powys,) 

GwYS.  Castell  Gwys,  De  Guise's  Castle,  a  castle  in  Cantref 
y  Coed,  Dyfed,  taken  by  the  famous  Howel  ap  Owain  Gwyneth 
as  an  auxiliary  to  the  sons  of  Grufiydd  ap  Ehys,  who  made  use 
of  bafctering-rams  and  machines  to  cast  great  stones,  etc.  (Caror 
doc  in  0,  Gwynedd.) 

One  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  y  Coed.     (Price's  Descr) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  237 

Cost  oil  yw  gwin  Castell  Gwis 

Coetj  yw  He  i  ceid  dewis. — lor.  Fynglwi/d. 

Ag  ar  Oastell  G-wys  gogwys  yd  orfa 
Godwrf  Ua  llachiad  gwrys. 

Cynddelw,  i  H.  ap  0.  Qwynedd. 

GwYS,  the  pL  of  gwas,  a  servant  or  a  youth.  In  the  termina- 
tion of  the  names  of  places  and  people :  Lloegrwy8=Lloegrians; 
Ai:goedwys=people  of  Argoed,  etc.  According  to  ancient  tenures 
the  lordships  and  the  inhabitants  were  bought  or  sold  together. 
So  in  the  Saxon  tenures  in  Door/isday  Book  we  find  there  were 
in  the  lordships  more  or  less  of  these  kinds  of  inhabitants  belong- 
ing to  them, — servi,  villani,  bordarii,  presbyteri,  radmani,  bova- 
rii,  faber,  molinarius,  fraucigensD,  prsepositus,  picatores,  ancilla?, 
etc.,  etc. 

CrwYTH.  Bryn  Gwyth,  a  hill  near  Salop,  where  Llewelyn  ab 
lorwerth  encamped  when  he  took  the  town. 

Pebyllwys  Llywelyri 

Ym  Mryn  G^yth  yn  Amwythig. — Cylch  Llywelyn, 

GwYTHELYN  (n.  pr.  V.)  Caer  Gwythelyn,  Watlingaceaster. 
{E,  Llioyd) 

GwYTHERiN  Sant  yn  Rhyfoniog.     {MS,) 

GWYTHERIN,  a  parish  and  village  in  Denbighshire.  The  church 
is  dedicated  to  St.  Winifred,  as  B.  Willis  says. 

Gyfarllwyd  (Y). 

Gyffylliog  (Y),  a  chapel  in  Denbighshire. 

Gyfylchi  :  see  Cyfylchi 

Gymwynas  (Y),or  YFilltir  Gymwyiias,  a  road  in  Caernarvon- 
shire, through  very  rocky  ground,  supposed  to  be  a  continuation 
of  the  military  way  of  Sarn  Elen  made  by  Helena,  mother  of 
Constantine  the  Great.  (E.  Llwyd,  Notes  on  Oainden  in  Meirion.) 

Gyrthmwl  or  Gwerthmwl  (n.  pr.  v.),  mentioned  by  Lly warch 
Hen. 

Gyrthmwl  Wledig,  penhyneif  ym  Mhenryn  Rhionedd.  {Tr.7.) 

H. 

Haer,  verch  y  Blaidd  RhuJd  o^r  Gest. 
Haer,  daughter  of  Gyllyn  or  Gillyn,  wife  of  Bleddyn  ap  Cyn- 
fyn.     (Caraduc  in  Bleddyn.) 


238  CELTIC  KBMAINS. 

Hafais  (fl.).  Aberhafais.  [It  is  Hafes  (haf  he8p)= Summer- 
gild,  or  dry.—  W.  D.] 

Hafart.    lerikyn  Hafart. 

Hafod  (k  haf  and  hod),  a  summer  habitation,  a  summer  dairy- 
house.  Several  places  named  from  hence ;  as,  Hafod  y  Bwch,  a 
gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire, — Roberts;  Hafod  Uchtryd,  a 
house  in  Cardiganshire,  once  a  seat  of  the  Herberts ;  Hafod  y 
Goven,  a  house;  Hafod  y  Brain,  a  gentleman's  seat;  Hafod 
Lwyddog,  a  gentleman's  seat ;  yr  Hen  Hafod ;  yr  Hafod  Lom ; 
Hafod  y  Garreg,  a  gentleman's  seat, — Thomas ;  Hafod  y  Maidd, 
a  gentleman's  seat, — ^Wynne's. 

Hafod  Lwyfog,  a  gentleman's  seat.    («/".  D.) 

Hafod  Unnos,  a  gentleman's  seat  (/.  I?.). — Mr.  Lloyd;  in 
Denbighshire. 

Hafod  y  Wern,  a  gentleman's  seat.    {J.  D) 

Hafon,  qu.  ?  Llanhafon. 

Hafren  (fl.).  The  British  historian's  account  of  the  naming 
of  this  river  is  this ;  Lloegrin  or  liocrin,  the  eldest  sod  of  Brutus, 
having  met  with  Essyllt,  a  daughter  of  a  King  of  Germany, 
among  the  spoils  of  Humer,  King  of  Hunawt,  who  had  made  a 
descent  upon  Britain  about  1,000  years  before  Christ,  he  kept  her 
in  a  place  under  ground,  unknown  to  his  Queen,  Gwenddolen, 
and  had  a  daughter  by  her,  which  he  called  Hafren  [q.  d.  Hafii'- 
ain,  queen  of  May —  W,  2>.] ;  and  when  Corineus,  the  father  of 
Gwenddolen,  died,  he  advanced  Essyllt  to  the  throne,  and  dis- 
carded Gwenddolen,  who  going  to  Cornwall,  her  father^s  king- 
dom^ got  an  army,  and  gave  her  husband  battle  on  the  side  of 
the  river  Furam,  when  Locrin  was  killed,  and  Gwenddolen 
ordered  Efisyllt  and  her  daughter  Hafren  to  be  drowned  in  the 
river ;  and  ordered  by  proclamation  through  her  whole  kingdom 
that  the  river  should  hereafter  be  called  Hafren,  in  eternal 
remembrance  of  the  fair  daughter  of  her  husband  Locrin.  Hafren 
seems  to  be  derived  from  Hafriain,  i.  e.,  the  queen  of  summer ; 
from  whence  the  Latin  Sabriana,  now  Sabrina ;  in  English, 
Severn.  Camden  says  he  could  never  learn  whence  this  name 
came,  for  that  it  seemed  that  the  story  of  a  virgin  being  drowned 
in  it  was  of  Jeffrey's  invention.  He  might  have  seen  it  in  the 
British  copy  of  Tyssilio,  before  Jeflfrey's  time.   This  river  is  also 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  239 

mentioned  by  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cadwallon  and  Marw- 
nad  Cyndylan. 

Hafren.  Cwmmwd  Hafren,  one  of  the  two  commots  of  Can- 
tref  Cydewaiu  in  Powys  Wenwynwyn.     (Price,  Descr) 

Hafren,  enw  merch  Llocrin  Gawr. 

Haiaden.  Llanhaiaden  in  Pembrokeshire.  Fairs  kept  here. 
Qn.  whether  liawhadeu  ? 

Haiarnwedd,  wife  of  Gleisiar  o'r  Gogledd,  and  mother  of 
Aedenawc.     (TV.  27.) 

Hair  ap  Lleweljm  ap  Dafydd  Llwck. 

Halawc.  Penardd  Halawg.  Bod  Halawg.  Coed  Halawg. 
See  Tcdog. 

Halchdyn,  Halchdun.  lerwerth  Hilfawr  o  Halchdun.  [Now 
Hanghton,  near  the  influx  of  the  Vemiw  and  Severn. —  W,  2>.] 

Halken,  church  and  parish  in  Flintshire,  R. ;  recti  Helygen, 
Pentre  Helygen. 

Halterennes,  a  place  mentioned  (in  PowePs  Caradoc,  p.  142 
and  148)  to  be  in  Ewyas  land.  It  is, surprising  \hsX  AlU  yr 
Ynys  should  come  out  of  the  learned  Dr.  Powel's  hands  in  this 
shape.  What  can  we  expect  from  Speed,  Camden,  and  other 
strangers  to  the  language,  when  a  man  so  well  read  in  our  anti- 
quities could  commit  such  a  blunder  ? 

Hamladd.  Ilanhamladd,  a  manor  in  Brecknockshire.  Qu., 
Hammwlch  ?  Han  Hammwlch  parish  in  Brecknockshire.  See 
Ty  nUud. 

Hamon.    Caer  Hamon,  North  Hampton.     (T.  Williams,) 

Hamtwn.    Tir  Hamptwn,  Hampshire. 

Magwyd  wr  llwyd  o'r  lie  hwn 
A'th  rent  ynn  na  tbir  Hamtwn. 

Hanmer,  a  church  and  parish  in  Flintshire,  in  Chester  diocese. 
Sjrr  GrufiFydd  o  Hanmer. 

Haran.    Llanharan,  a  church  in  Glamorganshire. 

HardD:    Cadrod  Hardd. 

Harddlech.     (T.  p.) 

Harfyn,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Ffinioc  in  Caer- 
marthenshire. 

Harlech  or  Arlech,  a  town  and  castle  in  Meirion.  See  Llech 
Ardvdwjf, 


240  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Hasa  Sant,  i.  e.,  St.  Asaph,  of  noble  British  stock :  hence 
Llanhasa  in  Flintshire ;  and  in  English  the  town  of  IJanelwy  is 
called  St.  Asaph,  after  his  name,  because  he  succeeded  Cyndeym 
Garthwys  (Kentigem)  in  that  bishopric  and  abbacy,  and  whose 
disciple  he  was.  (Brit.  Sand.,  May  1.)  He  had  965  monks ; 
300  were  labourers  out  of  doors,  300  were  servants  within  doors, 
and  365  learned  and  religious.     {Brit,  Sanct) 

Havarpen,  a  church  and  parish  and  village  and  castle,  Flint- 
shire (in  Welsh,  Pen  ar  Lac,  but  rightly  Penardd  Halawc),  in 
Chester  diocese. 

Haves,  R  Aberhaves ;  qu.  Haf  Hesp,  dry  in  summer  ?  Aber- 
hafesp,  Montgomeryshire ;  parish  and  church  in  Cedewain,  St. 
Gwynnog.     [This  gave  name  to  Bedo  Hafesp,  a  poet. —  W.  D!] 

Hawau,  Hawai,  or  Hawi,  a  place  in  Radnoi-shire,  where  fairs 
are  kept  [close  to  Llandrindod  Wells. —  W.  2).]. 

Hawcwn  or  HowcwN,  a  river  which  falls  into  Malldraeth,  at 
Aberhawcwn,  in  Anglesey. 

Hawdd-dre,  in  Baglan,  Glamorganshire.  Canhawdre  in  Car- 
diganshire. 

Hawff.  Tir  yr  Hawff  (probably  Rhalflf),  peth  o  arglwyddiaeth 
Sir  Roger  Vychan. 

Hawstyn.     Penrhyn  Hawstin,  a  promontory  in  Cornwall. 

Hawys  (n.  f.,  qu.  an  idem  Hawystl  ?) ;  hence  Caer  Hawys  or 
Caerwys.  Several  noted  British  ladies  of  this  name  in  ancient 
times ;  as,  Hawys  Gadam,  etc.  [hence  it  came  a  proverb  for  a 
gigantic  female,  "0  jnp  Hawy^  fawr !" —  W.  D.'\  Hawys  is  derived 
from  haf  or  ha/o,  summer. 

Hawys  Gadarn,  i.  e.,  Hawys  the  Proud,  daughter  of  Ywein 
ap  GruflFudd  ap  Gwenwynwyn.  Hawys  Gadam,  canys  balch 
oedd.  [MS.)  She  was  married  to  J.  Charleton,  a  Norman,  who 
gave  her  relations  great  disturbance. 

Hawystyl  (n.  pr.  f.),  a  Saxon  name.  Hawystl  Drahawc,  un 
o  dri  phorthawr  Perllan  Fangor  o  barth  y  Saeson.     {Tr,  67.) 

Hawystl  ferch  Brychan  Brychelniog,  santes  ynghaer  HawystL 
Qu.  whether  Caer  Hawys,  i.  e.,  Caerwys  ? 

Hay,  a  town  in  Brecknockshire ;  in  Welsh  called  Tre  Gelli, 
or  Gdli  OandrylL  Camden  says  it  was  well  known  to  the 
Romans,  for  their  coins  are  found  there.  It  was  burnt  by  Owen 
Glyndwr. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  241 

Hedd  M01.WYNOO,  one  of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales, 
lord  of  Uwch  Aled,  and  lived  at  liya  Maes  yr  Henllya  (D.) 
Bore  vert,  a  hart  passant  aryent. 

Heddwch,  a  cognomen.  Madog  Heddwch  of  Rhiwlas.  (J.  D.) 

Heiliarth,  nomen  loci  in  Powys. 

Afal  yr  hoU  filwyr  hen 

Dros  Heiliarth  draw  o  Salien. 

letMn  Dqfydd  Bdu^  i  Fred,  ap  Rhys  o  Cbri. 

[Qu.  Yr  Heniarth,  near  Danfair  ? —  W.  D.] 

Heilyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  k  hail,  {Davies.)  Bryn  Heilyn.  G-waith 
Heilyn,  which  see. 

Heilyn  ap  Uywarch  Hen.     {Llywarch  Herv) 

Heilyn  Frych  ap  Cynfrig  Fychan.    [Pentre  Heilyn. — W.D.I 

Heilyn  (Gwaith),  a  battle  fought  in  Cornwall  between  Adel- 
red^  King  of  Westsex,  and  Bhodri  Molwynog,  King  of  the 
Britons,  A.D.  720. 

Helchene,  in  DoorMday BookyChe^Aivte ;  corruptly  for  Helygen, 
a  village  in  Englefield. 

Heledd  (n.  pr.  v.),  un  o*r  tri  thrwyddedawg  ac  anfoddog. 
{Tt.  71.) 

Heledd,  a  sister  of  Cyndylan.  (Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad 
Cyndylan.) 

Heledd  {Triad),  some  northern  islands ;  I  suppose  the  Heb- 
rides.   0  Erch  a  Heledd  {Triad),  which  see. 

Heledd  Wen  (Yr),  Namptwich  (Ji  halen,  salt).  Gjnru  halen 
i'r  Heledd. 

Helen  :  see  Elen. 

Heli,  brine,  pickle,  saltwater.  Heli  'r  m8r,  sea-salt  water  (^ 
halen,  salt).  Qu.  whether  hence  Pwll  Heli,  a  seaport  in  Caer- 
narvonshire, or  firom  Eli  ?  One  of  the  mouths  of  the  Bhine  is 
called  Helium,  perhaps  from  heli,  salt  water ;  but  is  not  the 
others  also  salt  water  ? 

Heuc  ap  Glyn  Glanoc  (vel  ap  Glanoc). 

Hen.    Yr  H6n  lerwerth.    Llywarch  H6n. 

Hendref,  in  the  names  of  several  places,  signifying  old  town, 
old  dwelling,  old  habitation,  anciently  inhabited ;  but  is  properly 
the  inhabited  country  distinguished  from  the  uncultivated 
mountains.     There  are  many  places  of  this  name  in  Wales,  or 

31 


242  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

with  Hendi-ef  prefixed.  Mjmydd  a  hendre',  i  e.,  common  and 
freehold ;  the  same  with  gwyllt  a  dof,  i.  e.,  wild  and  tame,  or 
uncultivated  and  cultivated. 

Hendref,  name  of  a  house  in  Ilandyfrydog,  Anglesey ;  Hen- 
dre  Gadog,  near  Malldraeth;  Hendre  Velen;  Hendref  Howel, 
Anglesey;  Hendref  Mur,  Meirion,  a  gentleman's  seat;  Hendre 
Bippa,  a  gentleman's  seat  (J,  D)  ;  Hendref  Mynych ;  Hendref 
Urien,  a  gentleman's  seat, — Iloyd ;  [Hendref  Hen. — W.  i).] 

Hendre  Vigill,  a  gentleman's  seat  {J.  D,),  See  Oorsedd 
VeiffiU,  Anglesey.     See  JElian, 

Hendwe  (n.  1.).    Madog  o'r  Hendwr. 

Heneglwys,  a  township  in  Anglesey,  and  now  a  parish 
church.  It  is  mentioned  in  the  Prince's  Extent  (Edw.  Ill,  1352) 
to  be  ekfree  villa  held  of  the  Saints  Franciscinus  and  Bacellinus. 
The  inhabitants  were  remarkably  free,  for  they  were  exempted 
from  bearing  arms,  and  owed  the  Prince  no  services,  or  suits,  or 
rents,  except  a  suit  to  the  two  grand  turns  [circuits —  W.  D.]  of 
the  Lord  Prince  yearly,  and  a  suit  to  the  Prince's  mill  at  Tin 
Diyvol.     See  Frandscinvs  and  Bacellinus, 

Henfache,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (/.  JD,)  [lianrhaiadr  Moch- 
nant.—  W,  R] 

Hen  Fynyw,  Eglwys  Hen  Fynyw,  near  Aberaeron  in  Cardi- 
gansl^re,  which  I  take  to  be  the  Old  Menevia ;  so  that  instead  of 
BvhtLs  Vetvs  (Leland  in  Dr.  Davies'  Dictionary)  you  must  read 
Budus  Vettfs,  i.  e.,  the  old  rubbish  or  ruins  of  Myny  w,  or  the 
ruins  of  Old  Mynyw.     See  Hen  Fenyw. 

Hjenffig,  neai*  Margam  (in  Modlen),  Glamorganshire. 

Henffordd,  the  town  and  county  of  Hereford,  also  called 
Hereford  East.     It  signifies  Old  Way. 

Henffordd  (GwAiTH),the  battle  of  Hereford, between  Grufiftidd 
ap  Llewelyn  ap  Seisyllt  and  Randolph,  nephew  of  Edward  the 
Confessor.  He  burnt  the  Cathedral,  slew  the  Bishop,  Loeger, 
spoilt  and  burnt  the  town,  and  killed  500  Saxons,  a.d.  1054. 
See  MacTiatoy. 

Hengwrt,  a  gentleman's  seat  near  Dolgelleu  in  Meirionydd- 
shire.  Here  is  a  great  collection  of  curious  British  MSS.  con- 
taining  poetry  and  history,  collected  by  that  great  British  anti- 
quary, Mr.  Eobert  Vaughan  of  Wengraig,  ancestor  of  the  present 
owner,  Mr.  Vaughan. 


GELTIO  REMAINS.  243 

Hengts,  one  of  the  commanders  of  the  first  Saxons  that  came 
to  Britain  ( JV.  48) ;  by  English  historians  called  Hengist ;  by 
Verstigan,  Hengistus. 

Henllan,  near  Denbigh,  a  church  and  parish  (V.)  dedicated 
to  St.  Sadwm.    (A  Willis.) 

Henllan,  on  the  river  Gwy,  where  Dyfrig  had  a  college  of 
1,000  scholars,  among  whom  were  Teilo,  Idan,  Sampson,  etc. 
(Dubricius*  Life.) 

Henllan,  Cardiganshire. 

Henllan  Amgoed,  a  church  and  parish,  Carmarthenshire.  A 
Boman  inscription  there. 

Henlleu  (n.  1,).     {Einion  op  OvHtlchrruii,  i  Dduw.) 

Boed  ef  yn  diben  bod  yn  diblen 

Heli  yn  Bnlli  hyd  yn  HejiUeu, — (I  Ghist.) 

Henpen  (n.  pr.  v.),  un  o'r  tri  glew.     (Tr.  27.) 

Henwen  (n.  pr.).  Henwen,  hwch  Dallweir  Dalben.  {Tr.  30.) 
This  seems  to  have  been  the  name  of  some  ship  which  Coll  ap 
Collfrewy  went  captain  of,  etc.    {Tr.  30.) 

Henydd,  an  id.  quod  Hunydd  ?    Sain  Henydd,  enw  He. 

Henyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  father  of  Garwen,  ELing  Arthur's  concubine. 
(2V.  60.) 

Henyr  :  see  Ynyr. 

Herast  (n.  1.). 

Herast.    Llewelyn  ap  Herast ;  hefyd  arglwydd  Herast. 

Herbert,  a  surname  of  several  noble  families  in  Britain-  This 

name  was  here  far  before  William  the  Conqueror's  time,  and 

probably  not  Norman.     It  is  naturally  enough  derived  from  the 

British,  and  may  be  originally  a  British  name.    JEKrberth,  in 

British,  signifies  tall  and  beautiful  \  anciently  wrote  Hirbert 

Herbeirtion  is  the  plural  formed  after  the  manner  of  the  ancients, 

as  Cynddelw  Brydydd  Mawr  in  William  the  Conqueror's  time, 

in  naming  their  clans ;   so  from  Tjmgyr,  Tynghyrion ;  from 

Gwalchmai,  Gweilchion. 

O  Herbardiaid  aur  bnrdal. 

Hercles  {J.  D.),  Hercules.     See  Erciolff, 

Hergest.    Tomas  ap  Roger,  arglwydd  Hergest 

Hergest  (n.  1.),  in  Glamorganshire.    [There  is  a  place  of  that 


244  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

name  in  Glamorgan ;  and  another,  I  believe,  in  Montgomeryshire. 
— ^7,  M.  Herefordshire,  from  whence  came  the  Llyfr  Coch  MS. 
in  Jesus  College. —  W.  D.'\ 

Hergyn,  some  place  in  Gaemarvoushire.  See  Erging  and  Eifl. 

BLerwnden  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Saxon,  father  of  Gweattym. 

HiLFAWR,  a  cognomen.     lorwerth  Hilfawr  ap  Mael  Meilien-e^ 
ydd.     {J.D,) 

HiRADDUC,  nomen  loci  [near in  Flintshire, — W,  I?.].      .  * 

Dafyddd  Ddu  o  Hiradduc,  a  learned  poet  and  grammarian! 
We  have  his  Grammar  of  the  British  tongue  and  several  of  his 
poems  extant,  but  not  in  print.  His  translation  of  the  Te  Devm 
is  curious.  He  lived  about  the  year  1380,  and  from  his  know- 
ledge in  natural  philosophy  and  chymistry  he  got  the  name  of  a 
conjuror  among  the  vulgar,  and  abundance  of  strange  stories  are 
to  this  day  told  of  him  and  the  Devil.  His  shewing  artificial 
snow  in  summer-time  made  them  insist  that  he  was  just  come 
from  the  Alpes  on  the  DeviVs  back.  His  erecting  of  bridges  in 
difficult  places  by  the  Devil's  help,  and  cheating  him  of  his 
pay,  and  his  outwitting  the  Devil  in  everything,  even  when  he 
expected  his  body  when  he  was  dead,  made  the  poor  Devil,  in 
the  hearing  of  aU  the  congregation,  cry  out  at  last,  *'Dafydd  Ddu, 
ffals  yn  fy w,  ffals  yn  farw !"  i,  e.,  false  alive,  and  false  when 
dead.  These  are  stories  that  very  well  suited  the  age  he  lived 
in,  when  the  monks  made  learning  a  crime. 

HiRADDUG  (Gwatth),  a  battle  fought  at  this  place,  where  Cws- 
tenin  Ddu,  son  of  Idwal  Foel,  was  killed.  {MS,)  It  was  fought 
between  Howel  ap  leuaf  and  Cwstenin  Ddu,  son  of  lago,  who 
had  hired  Godfryd,  captain  of  the  Danes,  a.d.  979.   {Garadoc.) 

HiRFLAWDD.  lerwerth  Hirfiawdd,  yr  hwn  yn  yn  *r  &ch  newydd 
a  elwir  lerwerth  Hirymladd. 

HiRFRYN,  a  lordship  in  Ystrad  Tywy.    {Oaradoc,  p.  274.) 

HiRFRYN  (Caer),  Longcaster  [Th  Williams) ;  rather  Luncas- 
ter,  from  the  river  Lune  in  Lancasliire. 

HiRiETH,  a  river.  Aber  Hirieth  on  the  Dyfi  river.  Rhiw 
Hirieth,  a  gentleman's  seat  [in  Caereinion. —  W,  J).]. 

HiRNANT,  church  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  Welsh  Poole. 

Hirymladd  :  see  Hirjlawdd. 

HisPAEN,  Hespaen,  Spain. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  245 

HiRAETHoa,  one  of  the  t\?o  commots  of  Cantref  Ystrad  in 
Denbighshire  :  from  hence  Gruffudd  Hiiaethog,  a  sound  poet  of 
the  16th  century,  took  his  name.  He  was  the  teacher  of  Wm. 
Lle3m,  Sion  Tudur,  William  Cynwal,  Simwnt  Vychan,  poets  that 
flourished  in  Queen  Elizabeth's  time. 
^  HiRELL,  Uriel,  an  angeL     Seer  Gabriel, 

HoAN,  a  King  of  the  Britons  (probably  the  Northern  Britons)^ 
mentioned  by  Flaherty,  O^fy^^ia,  p.  478,  in  the  year  642,  who  beat 
Domnal  Brec,  King  of  the  Scots,  in  the  battle  of  Ystrad  Car- 
maig. 

Hob  (Yr),  the  Hope.     Mredydd  o'r  H6b. 

HoBEU  (Yr).   Stat.  Rhtcddlan.     See  Flint, 

HoDNANT  (n.  1.),  qu.  a  river  ?    Llywel3m  Brydydd  Hodnant, 

a  poet  anno  Domini  1360.    [The  little  river  of  lian-Illtud  Fawr 

in  Glamorgan. 

Hyd  y  nant  loy  w  Hodnant  Iwyd. 

Gywydd  Ultud  Sant. — I.  M,"] 

HoDNi,  a  river  which  falls  into  the  Mynwy,  and  together  fall 
into  the  Wye.  In  Giraldus  Gambrensis  called  Hodeni,  It  runs 
by  the  abbey  of  Lantony,  which  was  probably  Han  Hodni,  or, 
as  Giraldus  thinks,  Nant  Hodni.  This  is  often  confounded  with 
Honddu,  and  even  by  Mr.  Edw.  Llwyd  on  Camden  (a  marginal 
note),  and  by  Dr.  Powel,  Dr.  Th.  Williams,  etc.  See  Honddu 
and  Rhodni, 

HoEDLYW  ap  Cadwgan  ap  Elystan  Glodrudd.  Gorsedd  Hoed- 
liw  ar  dir  Carrog,  yn  Llanbadrig,  Mon. 

HOFA  and  Hwfa  (u.  pr.  v.) :  hence  Carreg  Hova,  Castell  Car- 
reg  Hova,  and  Caer  Carreg  Hova,  in  Shropshire,  mentioned  in 
the  tenth  battle  of  Ily  welyn  ap  lorwerth. 

Pebyll  Lly  welyn,  etc. 

Yughaer  Yngharreg  Hova. 
See  Hwfa, 

Holt,  in  Denbighshire,  a  town  and  castle,  where  fairs  are 
kept ;  called  by  the  Romans  Leonis  Castrum,  So  called,  as  Cam- 
den thinks,  from  the  "  Legio  vicesima  victrix",  which  kept  garri- 
son a  little  higher  on  the  other,  side  Dee.  He  means  Westchester, 
called  by  the  Britons  Caerlleon  Gawr  and  Caerlleon  ar  Ddyfr- 
dwy ;  but  Camden  had  a  mind  to  throw  a  veil  over  the  Leonis 


246  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Castru7n,  lest  the  Welsh  antiquaries  should  claim  it  for  Caer- 
Ueon.  Leonis  Oastrum  is  literally  Caerlleon,  in  spite  of  all 
glosses  and  shifts^  where  the  name  of  the  ancient  Eang  Ueon  is 
still  retained. 

HoNDDY  or  HONDDU  (fl.,  hence  Aberhonddu),  falls  into  the 
Wysg  at  Brecknock ;  hence  the  town  of  Brecknock  or  Brych- 
eihiog.  (Price,  JDescr.)  This  by  English  writers  is  called  Hodni. 
Caer  Hodni,  Brycheiniog.     (Th.  Williams,  Catalogue) 

Hodni  a'i  fraint  hyd  nef  fry. — Kuw  Cae  Llwyd, 
Aber  hydrfer  Hodni. — Prydydd  y  Mochj  i  Llywelyn. 

See  Hhodni  and  Hodni. 

Hope  (called  in  Welsh  Yr  H6b),  part  of  Powys  Vadog,  one  of 
the  three  commots  of  Cantre  'r  Ehiw,  now  part  of  Flintshire. 
Hope  Castle,  Caergwrle. 

HoRAN.  Llanhoran  or  Glan  Horan,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Caer- 
narvonshire. Timothy  Edwards,  Esq.,  a  captain  in  the  royal 
navy. 

HoRS,  one  of  the  Saxons'  first  commanders  in  Britain,  (jrr.48.) 

HowEL,  HoEL,  or  Hywel  (n.  pr.  v.),  k  hy  and  wSly  i.  e.,  sharp- 
sighted.  There  have  been  several  famous  men  of  this  name. 
Hywel,  by  some  made  the  same  with  Huw  or  Hugh. 

Howel  wyd  Hnw  o  Ladin 
Haelaf  o*r  gwyr,  heiliwr  gwin. 

HowLBWCH  neu  Howlbwrch,  qu.  whether  Old  Bv/rgh  t  Llow- 
arch  Goch  ap  Llowarch  Howlbwch. 

HowLFFORDD  {OuitoW  Ohju),  Haverfordwest  or  Hereford  west. 

HoWNANT,  in  the  parish  of  Penbrjm,  Cardiganshire. 

HoYW  ap  Gloyw  ap  Caw  ap  Cawrda. 

HowMON  (n.  L).  Yn  Adis  [?]  y  bu  varw  Dafydd  ap  Owain 
Gwynedd  ac  yn  Howmon  y  claddwyd  ef.  [MS)     See  Adis  [?]. 

Hu  Gadarn,  an  Emperor  of  Constantinople  that  held  the 
plough,  and  would  eat  no  bread  but  from  corn  of  his  own  raising. 
{lolo  Goch) 

HUADAIN :  see  Llankayaden.    Ilanhuadain,  vulgo  Llanhaden, 

South  Wales. 

Pen  ar  ddigrain 
A  chan  Haw  lludwaw  Llauhuadain. 

Ein,  ap  Gwgan,  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth,  Anno  1230. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  247 

HUAIL,  mab  Caw,  un  o  dri  thaleitbiog  cad  Ynys  Piydain.  {Tr. 
26.)  A  hu  and  ail,  i.  e.,  Hywel ;  Hugo  S'ecundus.  (Dr.  Davies,) 
See  OUdas  ap  Caw, 

HuBBBT,  esgob  Mynyw,  A.1).  876. 

HuDWYDD  or  Hydwydd  (n.  L).  Carreg  Hudwydd,  a  place  men- 
tioned by  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan.  Mr.  E.  Llwyd 
tbinks  it  to  be  Berry,  a  hill  in  Shropshire,  near  Wroxeter.  Hud- 
wydd, as  Mr.  E.  Llwyd  reads  it,  is  in  Llyfr  Coch  Hergest  wrote 
Hytwythy  i.  e.,  HydwytL 

Sfcafell  Gynddylan  nid  esmwyth  heno 

Ar  ben  Carreg  Hydwyth 

Heb  ner  heb  nifer  heb  amwyth. — Llywarch  Hen, 

HuGANTJS,  lord  of  Dyfed. 

Hugo  db  Lacy. 

Hugo  Lupus,  ad.  1092. 

HuGYN  ap  Pagan  o  Gaenan  H&l  tuhwnt  i  Lwdlo. 

HuNAWD,  Hungaria.    {MS,) 

HuNYDD,  daughter  of  Efnydd  (Einudd,  MS)  ap  Gwemgwy, 
lord  of  Dyf&yn  Clwyd,  wife  of  Mredydd  ap  Blethyn,  Prince  of 
Powys.    {J.D) 

HuNYDD  verch  Boger  arglwydd  y  Drewen. 

Huw,  Hew  (n.  pr.  v.),  Engl.,  Hugh ;  but  is  a  contraction  of 
Hugo.  Huw  Conwy. 

Hywel  wyd  How  o  Ladin. 

HWCH,  qu.,  whether  a  river  or  a  man  ? 

Dym  cyfarwyddiad  yn  hwch 

Ddywal,  dwedyd  yn  ddrws  llech. — Llywarch  Hen, 

See  Unhwch, 

HwBN  HiR,  a  woman's  name,  qu.  ?     {Or,  LL  D,  ap  Einion.) 

Huan,  qu.  ? 

HwFA"  (n.  pr.  V.) ;  hence  Carreg  Hova.    Ehos  Tre  Hofa,  in 

Anglesey. 

Nid  er  da  i  Hwfa  hen 

Namyn  er  maw8  im'  fy  hun. 

HwPA  ap  Cynddelw,  lord  of  Ilys  Llifon  in  Anglesey,  lived  at 
Prysaddfed,  in  the  time  of  Gruflfudd  ap  Cynan  and  Owain  Gwyn- 
edd,  AD.  1100.  One  of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales.  He 
bore  gvies,  a  chevron  or  between  three  lions  rampant  of  the 
second.    See  Mona  Antigua,  p.  130. 


248  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

HWLFFORDD,  Haverford  West,  Pembrokeshire;  wrote  also 
Hereford  West ;  a  town  and  castle  on  one  of  the  branches  of 
Milford  Haven,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  y  Rhos  (now 
Roose),  formerly  inhabited  by  Flemings. 

HwLKYN.    Uywelyn  ap  Hwlcyn. 

HwLKYN  ap  Bleddyn. 

HwNTYNTWN,  Angl,  Huntington. 

HwYSGiN  o  Hwland,  neu  Hwysgyn  ;  in  another  I  read  it 
Hwysgwyn ;  qu.  an  id.  Ysgwyn  ? 

HwNDRWD,  corrupt  for  Hundred.  Tir  yn  Hwndrwd,  one  of 
the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Cronerth  in  Morganwg.  (Price, 
Descr.) 

Hyaethwy,  a  place  in  South  Wales  where  a  battle  was  fought 
for  the  Principality  of  South  Wales,  in  the  year  1031,  by  Howel 
and  Mredyth,  sons  of  Edwyn  ap  Einion  ap  Owain  ap  Hy wel 
Dda,  and  the  sons  of  Rhydderch  ap  lestyn,  who  they  first  had 
killed  in  another  battle.     {Caradoc) 

Hychan  Sant.     Llanhychan,  Denbighshire. 

Hydwn  Dwn  ap  Ceredig. 

Hyfeid,  or  rather  Hyfaidd  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Hyfeid  ap  Bleiddig  yn  Deheubarth  {Tr.  76),  one  who,  from  a 
slave,  became  King  of  South  Wales.  Pentre  Hyfaidd,  a  gentle- 
man's seat.     {J.  D.)     See  Maes  Hyfaidd. 

Hyfeidd.  Llowarch  Hyveidd ;  signifies  beiddio'n  h^,  or  bold 
adventurer. 

Hymyr,  the  Humber.     {Tr,  4.) 

Hynaf,  an  elder,  or  the  oldest  in  the  -family,  tribe,  clan,  or 
society.  Hence  brenJiyn  or  hreienhyn,  a  king  (k  braint  and  hynaf, 
i,e,,  privilege  and  eldership) ;  and  so  Uywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad 
Cynddylan  Powys : 

Stafell  Cynddylan  ys  araf  heno 
Owedy  colli  i  hynaf,  etc. 

Hywel  ab  Emyr  Llydaw  {Tr.  83),  called  Brenhinol  Farchog, 
royal  knight,  in  Arthur's  court.  Camden  derives  it  from  Hcdius, 
sun-bright. 

Hywel  Dda,  King  of  Wales,  about  the  year  940,  began  to  rule 
over  aU  Wales,  being  Prince  of  Powys  since  914.    He  revised 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  249 

the  Welsh  Laws,  and  adapted  them  to  the  circumstances  of  the 
time  he  lived  in.  We  have  several  copies  of  these  Iaws  in  MS. 
in  Welsh  and  Latin,  and  they  were  lately  published  by  Dr.  Wot- 
ton.  A  little  before  this,  Alfred,  King  of  the  West  Saxons^  with 
the  assistance  of  his  tutor  Asserius,  a  Gambro-Briton,  translated 
the  Laws  of  Dyfhwal  Moel  Mud  into  the  Saxon,  or  at  least 
picked  out  of  them  what  he  thought  fit 

The  ancient  Saxon  laws  were  rather  customs  and  traditions, 
such  as  are  among  the  North  Americans  and  other  illiterate 
nations,  the  laws  of  Ethelbert,  King  of  Kent,  being  their  first 
written  laws,  which  was  above  a  hundred  years  after  their 
coming  to  Britain ;  and  those  reached  no  further  than  Kent. 
Then  the  West  Saxons,  about  a  hundred  years  after  that  (a.d. 
714),  under  King  Ina,  had  written  laws.  Then,  soon  after,  the 
Mercians  had  written  laws.  Lastly,  Alfred,  grandson  of  Egbert, 
who  in  827  reduced  the  Heptarchy,  did  about  the  year  900  give 
them  a  written  general  law  composed  from  the  ancient  laws  of 
the  island ;  and  this  was  about  400  years  after  their  conquest  of 
Loegria,  now  called  England. 

Hywel  ap  Owain  Gwynedd,  brother  of  Madoc  ap  Owain,  who 
first  discovered  the  country  called  now  America,  which  should 
have  been  called  Madoca.  This  Hywel  was  an  excellent  British 
poet  and  a  great  general  We  have  several  of  his  works  extant. 
He  flourished  about  A.D.  1140.  See  Powel's  Caradoc  in  Owain 
Gwynedd. 

Hywel  (Castell),  in  Gwinionydd,  qu.  ? 

Hywel  (Cebrig)  or  Crug  Hywel,  where  Hywel  ap  Caw,  brother 
of  Gildas,  was  killed  by  King  Arthur  or  by  his  ordera,  which 
was  the  occasion  of  Gildas's  inveteracy  against  the  Britons  in 
his  Epistle.  See  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  and  Sir  Jo.  Price,  Defence 
of  the  British  History.     See  Huail  ap  Oaw. 

[Hywel  Ystoryn,  an  ancient  bwd  of  the  fourteenth  century, 
lived  at  Cynffig  in  Glamorgan. — L  if.] 

Hywyn  ap  Gwyndaf  H6n  o  Lydaw,  Periglor  yn  Enlli. 

I. 

Iaen  (n.  pr.).     [laen  and  Twymyn,  two  rivers  in  Cyfeiliog. — 

W.  D.]     Plant  Ojmdrwyn  a  Iaen. 

32 


250  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Iaco  or  Iago  (n.  pr.  v.).  This  is  rendered  in  the  Bible  trans- 
lation for  James  or  Jacobus,  and  is  by  some  of  the  old  poets 
used  for  Jacob  the  son  of  Isaac ;  and  the  16th  King  of  Britain 
being  of  this  name  shews  it  tO  be  purely  British.  There  was  a 
Prince  of  Wales  of  this  name  in  the  year  948 ;  another,  A.D. 
1021 ;  and  yet  the  name  is  not  common  in  Wales,  nor  in  manu- 
scripts, nor  in  names  of  places  or  churches. 

Ehyd  Iago;  T^  Iago;  Digwyl  Iago;  crogen  Iago,  concha 
Veneris.    Myn  Iago,  an  oath. 

Iago,  the  16th  King  of  Britain. 

Iago,  mab  Beli,  killed  with  an  axe.     {Tr,  39.) 

Ial,  the  name  of  a  country ;  in  English,  Fa/c ;  one  of  the  com- 
mots  of  Cantref  y  Ehiw,  part  of  Powys  Vadog.  {Dr.  Foivel.) 
It  is  in  Denbighshire.  Camden  thinks  1^1  has  its  name  from 
the  river  Alen.  Why  not  from  ia,  ice  ?  [Is  not  Ml,  cultivated, 
amal,  the  negative,  being  uncultivated  ? — W,  D.] 

Ian,  qu.  an  id.  quod  Jane  ? 

Ian,  Oweo,  hi  aeth  yn  ddydd. 

The  last  is  pronounced  in  English,  eean. 

Iancyn,  idem  quod  Siangcyn,  qu.  ? 

Ianto,  dim.  ab  leuan,  and  leutyn.  • 

Iarll,  an  eari ;  in  the  Danish,  eorla,  erU ;  a  degree  of  nobility 
among  the  ancient  Britons.  This  title  Camden  (in  Bern,,  p.  67) 
says  came  hither  with  the  Danes.  The  Saxons  might  receive  it 
from  the  Danes,  but  the  Britons  always  had  it;  and  [it]  is  a  con- 
traction of  arglwydd,  i.  c,  a  supreme  leader ;  and  from  aril  came 
iarll  and  earl  But  the  Saxon  word  earl  was  anciently  no  more 
than  an  elder.  See  Canute's  grant.  Spelman  says  the  English 
borrowed  the  word,  but  not  the  degree,  from  the  Danes,  and  that 
the  title  begun  in  Canute's  time,  who  was  a  Dane. 

Iarll  y  Mynydd  Cadam,  in  the  time  of  Arthur. 

larU  ar  Went  ag  Erging  ag  Euas  oedd  Gwrtheym  (Tyssilio), 
about  A.D.  400. 

Iarll  ag  lariles  ;  pL  leirlL  Eorla  in  Danish  is  the  same  with 
alderman  in  Saxon. 

Ystori  larUes  y  Ffynnon.  Galfrid  translates  Iarll  Cernyw, 
Dicx  ComvMoB.  larU  Caer  Lundain  a  swydd  Geint,  Ihix  Trino- 
vanti. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  251 

Iardduk  (n.  pr.  v.),  wrote  by  the  ancients  Yarthur  and  lardur. 

Iarddur  ab  Mervyn,  A.D.  952.  (Oaradoc  in  leuaf.)  Moses 
Williams,  in  Notes  on  H.  Llwyd'a  Brit.  Descr.  Oom.,  would  have 
it  that  the  words  in  Uywarch  Hen's  Marwnad  Geraint  should 
be  read  "  Yn  Uongborth  lias  Yarddur",  which  Sir  John  Pryse  m 
his  Def,  Brit  Hist,,  and  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd,  reads  y  Arthur, 
and  which  last  reading  is  backed  by  the  Triades,  which  makes 
Geraint  ab  Erbin  one  of  King  Arthur's  three  admirals.  Moses 
Williams  is  wrong  in  placing  G.  ab  Erbin  in  the  time  of  Ina. 

Tre  Iarddur,  a  house  near  Holyhead. 

Iasepd  neu  I aseth  ap  , 

Iau  or  lou  (signifying  young),  Jupiter,  Jove,  son  of  Sadtom, 
a  Prince  of  the  Celtic  nation  before  the  foundation  of  the  Greek 
and  Boman  empires.  This  is  him  who  his  own  people  having 
deified,  imposed  upon  those  nations  afterwards  as  their  supreme 
god  by  the  name  of  Jupiter  or  lou  Pater.  The  oblique  cases, 
Jovis,  Jovem,  etc.,  shew  him  to  be  the  same,  and  answer  that 
famous  question  of  Cornelius  Agrippa  which  puzzled  aU  the 
grammarians,  why  Jupiter  makes  Jovis  in  the  genitive  case  ? 
The  Britons  and  Armoricans  to  this  day  call  Thursday,  or  Jupi- 
ter's day,  Dydd  lou,  Dydd  Iau,  Difiau. 

Cwm  lou,  a  parish  in  Monmouthshire. 

See  Pezron's  Antiquities. 

Ibranc.     Nennius  (li.  Cantab.).     See  Bfrog. 

ICENI,  a  people  of  Britain  inhabiting  Suffolk,  Norfolk,  Cam- 
bridgeshire, and  Huntingdonshire.  They  are  called  in  Welsh 
Uwchcynniaid.     See  Keint  or  Ceint 

IcH  DiEN,  the  motto  of  the  Princes  of  Wales,  which  they  use 
under  three  feathers.  Spelman,  in  his  Glossary,  says  it  is  from 
the  Saxon  Ich  Thien,  1  serve.  Bailey  derives  it  from  the  Ger- 
ilian  Ich  Diennan.  But  if  it  is  British  it  is  Ych  Ddien,  you  are 
young ;  or  perhaps  Eich  Dyn,  your  man.  Qu.  whether  it  was 
not  to  please  the  Welsh  this  was  contrived  by  Edward  I  ?  Or 
whether  it  was  taken,  not  by  Edward  the  Black  Prince,  son  of 
Edward  III,  after  the  battle  of  Cressy,  a.d.  1346,  it  being  said  to 
be  the  motto  and  arms  of  John  King  of  Bohemia,  who  served  in 
the  French  wars,  and  was  killed  in  that  battle  ?  [Yes. —  W.  I).] 
Verstegan,  p.  259,  says  Ih  Thian  is  ancient  English,  and  sig- 


252  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

nifies  /  serve.  But  if  it  is  true  that  John  King  of  Bohemia  had 
this  motto,  it  is  the  Slavonian  tongue,  the  proper  language  of 
Bohemia,  and  is  neither  German  nor  Saxon ;  and  it  is  not  very 
probable  that  a  son  of  the  King  of  England  would  make  use  of 
a  Slavonish  motto,  or  that  a  King  of  Bohemia  would  use  a  Ger- 
man motto  to  shew  that  he  served  under  France. 

Iden,  Idan,  or  Aid  an  ;  but  qu.  ?  Llaniden,  a  church  and 
parish,  Anglesey.  If  it  was  from  Aidan  of  North  Britain,  it 
would  have  been  pronounced  Aeddan ;  but  this  is  Iden  Saut,  in 
some  MSS.  Nidan. 

Idgwyn,  neu  Iddon,  o  enw  aralL     Vid.  Iddon, 
Idlos  and  Idloes  Sant.     Llanidloes  yn  Arwystli. 

Eos  Tref  Idlos  tra  fu. — Sion  Phylip,  i  leuan  Tew, 

who  resided  here  with  Lewis  Gwyn ;  died  old. 

Idlos  ap  Gwydduabi ;  rect6  Idloes. 

Idnerth  ap  Hwfa.    {Rhys  Goch  Eryri) 

Idno  ap  Meirchiawn. 

Idrian  Amherawdyr,  Adrian.     {E.  Lboyd.) 

Idris  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  hence  Cader  Idris,  a  mountain  fortified  in 
ancient  times.  Cader  Idris  Gawr.  {Leland,)  Idris  Gawr.  [Dr. 
Thos,  Williams,  Caerydd.) 

Idris,  the  third  son  of  Llewelyn  Aurdorchog,  lord  of  ISl. 
Hence  Bodidris,  a  gentleman's  seat,  lal. 

Idris  Arw  ap  Gwyddo  Garanir ;  unde  Cadair  Idris. 

Idwal  (n.  pr.  v.),  falsely  wrote  Edwal. 

rt)WAL  ap  Edwin,  the  41st  King  of  Britain. 

Idwal  Iwrch,  son  of  Cadwaladr,  last  King  of  Britain.  See 
Cadwaladr, 

Idwallawn  ap  Morgant  Mawr. 

Idwallon,  a  nobleman  of  Wales,  who  died  a.d.  841.  (Powel, 
Oaradoc,  p.  27.) 

Iddawg  (n.  pr.  v.).  Iddawg  Corn  Brydain  a  wnaeth  brad 
Arthur.    ffisL    (J,  D,)' 

Iddig  (n.  pr.  v.).     Madog  ap  Henri  ab  Iddig,  a  poet. 

Iddon  ap  Ynyr  Gwent.  In  Tr.  75  a  battle  is  mentioned  to 
be  fought  by  Maelgwn,  where  the  blood  turned  the  colour  of  the 
river  Severn,  where  this  man  is  mentioned ;  but  the  passage  is 
dark  and  obliterated,  but  in  Trioedd  y  Meirch  the  name  is  entire. 

Ieithodd  (fl.).     Aberieithodd,  qu.  ? 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  253 

r 

Ieithon  (fl.).  Aberieithon.  Falls  into  the  Wye.  Glyn  leithon. 
(Price,  DescT,) 

Ierwbrth,  Angl.  Edward.  lorwerth,  ait  Dr.  Davies.  Chwaer 
John  Edward  un  fam  un  dad  oedd  Elen  verch  lerwerth.  {Llyfr 
Achau,  fol.  70  b.)     lerwerth  Swdyrgrin. 

Iestyn  Sant.     Llaniestyn  in  Lleyn  and  Anglesey. 

Iestyn  ap  Geraint  ap  Erbin. 

Iestyn  ap  Gwtgant  ap  Ithel  ap  Idwallawn  ap  Morgan  Mwyn- 
fawr,  Prince  of  Morganwg,  that  lost  it  to  the  Normans,  1090. 
Camden  tells  this  story  difTerently  from  Dr.  Powel  and  Caradoc. 
(Camden,  Britannia,  Glamorgan.) 

Ieufaf,  Ieuan,  Iepan,  Ifan,  and  Ivan  (n.  pr.  v.),  commonly 
Latinized  t7"oA«7in€s.  It  signified  originally  yoi^w^es^ ;  the  same 
with  leuangc,  q.  d.  natu  minimus  \  and  there  are  now  family 
names  of  Evan  and  Evans  that  should  not  be  translated  John. 
Hence  Evan,  a  modern  name,  which  by  Anglifying  is  turned  to 
Evans,  as  William  is  to  Williams,  Owen  to  Owens. 

Ieuaf  and  Gkiffri  were  generals  of  the  Powys  forces  in  a 
battle  fought  between  Cadwallon  Fendigaid  and  Edwin  King  of 
the  Saxons,  and  were  both  killed,  and  succeeded  by  Myngan. 
{Tr,  63.)     See  Tr,  75  ;  and  see  Belyn,  49. 

Ievanawl  ap  Einion. 

Ieuan  y  Coed.  Gwyl  Ieuan  y  Coed :  qu.  what  St.  John's  Day  ? 
[John  the  Baptist  in  the  wilderness,  a  festival  to  celebrate  his 
retiring  beyond  Jordan. —  W,  Di] 

Ieuan,  King  of  Alban,  before  Brennus'  time. 

Ieuan  ap  Howel  Swrdwal,  a  poet  of  Ceri,  an.  1460. 

Ieuangc.    Ehys  leuangc. 

IvoN  (n.  pr.  v.).  Camden  says  the  Welsh  and  Slavonians  use 
Ivon  for  John ;  but  he  was  quite  out,  for  the  Welsh  never  had 
the  name  Ivon  in  their  language.  The  name  Ituan,  which  is  the 
same  with  Evan,  looks  like  Ivon,  but  is  not  sounded  the  same. 
It  is  true  the  name  of  St  John  is  pronounced  by  the  common 
people  in  Wales  Ifan  or  Ivan,  which  would  be  in  English  Yevan; 
and  St.  John's  Day  is  called  Dygwyl  Ifan.  But  John,  as  a  com- 
mon name  of  men,  is  always  pronounced  as  if  wrote  in  English 
Shone ;  and  St.  John's  Gospel  is  translated  Efengil  loan,  in  two 
syllables,  as  if  made  from  Johannes.  But  Howel  ap  Syr  Mathew 
has 


254  CELTIC   REMAINS. 

Matbe,  Ifan,  maith  ddefod, 
Marc  a  Lac,  cjmer  en  clod. 

(To  Davies,  Bp.  of  Meneyia.) 
Ifor  or  Ivor  (n.  pr.  n.). 

Ifor  Hael,  lord  of  Maesaleg,  was  Dafydd  ap  Gwilym's  patrou. 
IfoT  Hael  is  Ifor  the  Liberal. 

Ifor,  the  eldest  son  of  Cadwaladr  Fendigaid,  the  other  two 
being  Alan  and  Idwal  Iwrch.     See  Ynyr, 

Ivor  ap  Severws. 

Igmond,  a  captain  of  the  Black  Nation,  or  Danes,  who  made 
a  descent  at  Ehos  Meilon,  near  Holyhead,  a.d.  900 ;  now  Pen- 
rhos  Meilon,  vnlg.  Y  Feilw. 

Ikenild  :  see  Ystrad  Ychen. 

Ilar  or  Iler  Sant,  probably  St.  Hilarius  or  Elerius,  abbot  and 
confessor,  of  whom  there  is  mention  in  the  Acts  of  Winifred ; 
educated  at  Llanelwy  and  Ad  Vallem  Clatinam;  founded  a 
monastery,  of  which  he  was  abbot ;  and  a  nunnery,  of  which  St. 
Winifred  was  abbess.  (Leland  and  Pitts,  Brit  Sanct.,  June  13.) 
He  was  abbot  of  Gwytherin,  where  he  buried  Gwenfrewi. 

Llaiiilar,Cardiganshire,where  their  fairs  are  kept  on  St.  Hilary's 
Bay. 

Illan  (n.  1.),  Glamorgan. 

Illtud,  Illdud,  or  Elltud  Sant,  appointed  by  St.  German 
head  of  a  college  in  Glamorganshire.  His  scholars,  Daniel,  etc. 
His  name  is  Latinized  Iltutus.  Uanelltud,  Meirion,  and  near 
Neath.     See  Elltyd  and  Llanelltyd,     See  German  Sant. 

Indeg,  merch  Afarwy  Hir,  a  concubine  of  King  Arthur. 
{Tr.  60.) 

Inerth  verch  Edwyn.     (Caradoc,  p.  183.) 

Ingl  (wrote  also  Eingl),  Angli,  Saeson  Lloegr ;  the  English 
nation. 

Inglont,  the  manner  of  writing  the  word  Bnglatid  by  the 
Welsh  poets : 

Ba  yn  Inglont  tcnont  taer, 

Bid  i  Inglont  byd  anglaer. — L.  01.  Cothi. 

Inse  Gai.l,  i.e.,Ynysoedd  Gall,  the  Hebrides  {Flaherty,  p. 323), 
inhabited  by  Gall  Wyddyl,  i.  e.,  the  most  ancient  Gauls,  or  first 
inhabitants  of  Britain,  who  were  thrust  there  by  later  colonies. 


CELTIC   KEMAINS.  255 

lo  (n.  v.),  Job.     Golud  lo. 

lo-AN  (in  two  syllables),  from  Johannes. 

Ail  yw  I6aii  Ida  lonydd. — lolo  Ooch. 

lODDlON  ap  Idnerth  ap  Edryd. 

loHN  Dapydd  Ehys,  author  of  the  printed  British  Grammar, 
in  foL,  1592,  and  of  a  Dictionary  in  MS.;  alao  of  a  printed  Italian 
Grammar  which  he  published  in  Italy  when  he  followed  his 
studies  there,  and  read  lectures  on  physic.  He  commenced  Dr. 
of  Physic  at  Sienna,  professed  Physic  at  Padua,  was  practitioner 
in  divers  parts  of  Italy,  afterwards  in  England,  and  had  been 
reader  to  most  of  the  Colleges  of  Physicians ;  was  about  sixty 
years  of  age  in  1606.  Fe  ddywedir  mai  mab  i  glochydd  Llan- 
faethlu  ym  Mon  oedd  ef.     See  note  on  WinifrecPs  Life, 

loL-LO  and  Iolo  (u.  pr.  v.). 

Achau  Iolo  ni  chelir. — OuttoW  Olyn. 

lOLO  Gogh,  a  famous  poet  that  flourished  a.T).  1400,  of  whose 
works  we  have  several.     Pronounced  lol-lo  and  Iolo. 
loLYN  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Gaip  lolyn  gwych  wral  naf 
Gwr  gwiinrnerth  gwir  a  ganaf. 

Hywel  Kilany  i  L.  ap  Gr.  v.  ap  Gr. 

lOLYX  ap  Gronw  G^thin :  hence  Plas  lolyn,  in  Denbighshire, 
the  seat  of  Thomas  Prys,  Esq.,  an  ingenious  poet  in  Queen  Eliza- 
beth's time. 

loNAVAL,  son  of  Meuric,  right  heir  to  North  Wales,  a.d.  984, 
killed  by  Cadwallon  ap  leuaf. 

lOBDDWFN :  vid.  Bywyn, 

lORWERTH  (n.  pr.  V.)     {D.  ap  Owilym.)     From  I6r, 

lORWERTHiAWN  {Gwelygorddau  Powys),  lands  of  lorwertli  in 
Powys. 

lou  and  Iau:  henoe  leuan,  lefan,  Ifan,  Ivan,' leuaf  (n.  pr.  v.), 
commonly  Latinized  Johannes. 

Ippo,  Hippocrates.     {leuaai  Tew,) 

Ikwon  or  Irfon,  a  river  near  Buellt.  Qu.  whether  Dr.  Powel's 
Orewyn  ?    [Vide  Caerau. —  W,  Z).] 

IsAERON,  the  country  to  the  south  and  south-west  of  the  river 
Aeron  in  Ceretica.     See  Aeroii, 


256  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Isc :  see  Wysg, 

ISCERDIN. 

IsGOED,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Gwent.  See  Bwn^ 
gor  is  Coed. 

IscoED  is  also  the  name  of  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  formerly 
of  Gwentland,  containing  the  comraot  of  Bryn  Buga,Uwch  Coed, 
y  Teirtref,  Erging  ac  Euas.     (Price,  Descr.) 

ISCONWY. 

ISELWYR,  Inferiores ;  hence  the  Silures  in  Latin  writers.  Ise- 
lures,  because  below  the  river  Dyfi.   [Essyllwyr ;  Bro  Essyllt. — 

ISHELI. 

ISGENENY,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  XDantref  Ffinioc  in 
Caermarthenshire. 

IsGENNEN.     (Leiais  Olyn  Cothi,) 

ISGWYRFAi,  a  commot. 

ISLONT  (Tyssilio),  Iceland,  an  island  in  the  North  Frozen 
Sea,  belongs  now  to  Denmark,  about  300  miles  long  and  150 
broad ;  said  by  some  to  be  the  Thule  of  the  ancients,  i.  e.,  tywdl, 
dark.  It  belonged  to  Britain  in  the  time  of  King  Arthur,  a.d. 
520 ;  and  Melwas,  or  Gillamwri,  was  king  there,  which,  by  the 
name,  seems  to  have  been  from  North  Britain  or  Ireland.  Quaere 
whether  their  language  be  Teutonic  or  Celtic  ?  Probably  the 
latter.  [Teutonic :  see  Von  Troil's  account,  and  that  of  Sir  Joseph 
Banks.—/.  M.] 

ISMYNYDD,  one  of  three  commots  of  Cantref  Elfael^  between 
Wy  and  Severn. 

IsYRWON,  one  of  the  three  commots  in  Cantref  Buellt.  (Price, 
DescT^ 

ITAL  (Yk),  Italy.     See  Eidal. 

Itguallon,  wrote  anciently  for  Idwallon.     {E.  Llioyd.) 

iTHEL  and  ITHAEL  (n.  pr.  v.).  This  name  seems  to  be  derived 
from  vihr  and  hely  that  is,  a  wonderful  hunter ;  and  probably  by 
the  ancients  was  pronounced  Uthel. 

Aeth  Ithel  fal  mab  Elen. — J.  ap  Howel, 

Hawdd  gyda'm  gwahawdd  im'  gaol 

I  threth  a  bath  %r  Ithael.— L.  01.  Oothi. 

Ithel  ap  Urien,  the  52nd  King  of  Britain. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  257 

Ithel  Gam  ;  neu  lethell  and  Ithael. 
Tthon,  river,  recti  leitlion. 

A  chad  Abergwaith  a  chad  laithon. — Ho,  Myrddin, 

luDDEW,  Judceus,  a  tTew. 

luDDEWES  (faem.),  a  Jewess. 

luDDEWiG,  Jvdaicus. 

TuNO,  the  sister  and  wife  of  Jupiter ;  in  the  Celtic,  Gkoenno, 
See  Venus, 

IWERDDON,  the  kingdom  of  Ireland ;  wrote  also  Ewerddon  and 
T  Werddon  by  the  Welsh ;  anciently  y  Werdd  Ynys,  i.  e,,  the  Green 
Island ;  by  Orpheus,  Aristotle,  and  Claudian,  it  is  called  lema 
(Orph.Ie/5i/i9);  by  Juvenal  and  MgI%  Juvema;  by  Diodorus  Sicu- 
lus.  Iris ;  by  Martianus  Heracleota,  lovepvta ;  by  Eustathius, 
Ovepvui  and  Bepvia ;  by  the  inhabitants,  Urin ;  by  the  English, 
Ireland  {Camden) ;  by  Nennius,  from  a  captain  called  Imalph. 
(Camden,) 

Priffyrdd  cerdd  o  I  ward  don. — Gwilyin  ap  leuan  Hen. 
Bbdn  ac  Iwerddon  i  gyd,  i*fch  arfoU. — I.  ap  H,  Cae  Llwyd. 

See  Ewerddon  and  Y  Werddon. 


L 

Lachabn  (now  Lam) :  see  Talacham, 

Lares,  the  spirits  of  the  hearth,  etc.    Duwiau'r  Llawr,  qu.  ? 

Larina,  a  noble  woman  in  Virgil,  En,  ii ;  in  the  Celtic,  Lloer- 
wen. 

Lasar,  Lazarus. 

Lavan  (Y),  Traeth  y  Lavan  or  Olavan,  the  sands  between 
Beaumaris  and  Penmaen  Mawr,  which  some  opinionately  derive 
from  oer  levain,  which  they  back  with  a  tradition  that  all  that 
tract  of  ground,  from  the  entrance  of  Conwy  river  to  Bangor 
was  once  dry  land,  but  for  the  wickedness  of  the  inhabitants  wsis 
overflowed  by  the  sea ;  and  they  pretend  to  shew  the  ruins  of 
houses  now  under  water,  in  a  spot  of  foul  ground  over  against 
Penmaen  Mawr,  which  they  call  Llys  Elis  ap  Glanmor.  Such 
accidents  have  been  caused  by  earthquakes  in  many  places ;  and 
there  are  at  this  day,  in  the  Bay  of  Port  Eoyal  in  Jamaica,  the 

33 


258  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

ruins  of  houses  and  a  fort  to  be  seen  under  water,  and  great 
valleys  where  mountains  once  stood  in  the  memory  of  man. 

Lawarian  :  vid.  Llav). 

Lawnselot  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Gaulish  name.  Lawnselot  di  Lftc. 
{Tr.  61.)  Camden  thinks  it  is  no  old  name,  but  was  invented 
by  the  writer  of  Arthur's  history,  meaning  the  history  of  the 
Bound  Table,  wrote  by  some  foreigner.  But  it  is  1200  year  old 
at  least. 

Legion  :  see  LUon. 

Leil  :  see  Caerleil. 

Lein,  the  British  name  of  Leinster  in  Ireland.  (Camden  in 
Lagenia.) 

Leirion  :  see  Lyrion, 

Leri,  a  river  in  Cardiganshire  ;  rect^,  Eleri.  Aberleri,  a  creek 
near  Aberdyfi.    Glan  Leri,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Lerion  :  see  Lyrrwn, 

Lethbigh,  a  battle  in  the  year  590,  in  which  Aeddan  ap  Gaf- 
ran  was  victor.     (Ogygia,  p.  475.) 

LiGACH,  the  name  of  some  Irish  general  or  prince  who  once 
had  possessions  in  Anglesey.  His  gravestone  was  shewn  me  in 
the  high-road  near  Dulas,  and  called  Bedd  Ligach,  where  tradi- 
tion had  it  that  he  was  buried  there  erect  in  his  arms.  Not 
far  off,  near  Bodavon  Mountain,  there  is  a  place  called  Ffridd 
Ligach,  and  also  Ffos  Golmon. 

LiGUAUD.  Caer  Ligualid  is  the  name  in  the  Cambridge  copy 
of  Nennius  of  one  of  the  twenty-eight  cities  of  Britain ;  but  in 
the  Oxford  copy  it  is  Lualid.  Usher  hath  it  Caer  Lualid,  and 
says  it  is  Carlisle.  It  is  not  in  the  catalogue  in  the  TriacUs 
imder  this  name.  If  Lagavallium  ad  Vallum  be  Carlisle,  the 
similitude  of  the  name  Ligualid  would  make  one  think  it  to  be 
the  same ;  but  there  is  very  little  dependence  on  the  names  in 
Kennius  or  any  Latin  writer,  the  transcribers  having  murdered 
the  British  names ;  besides  that  the  orthography  of  that  age 
blinds  the  matter  very  much.  Qu.  whether  LuguvaUum  from 
Llyw  river  in  Llywarch  Hen  ? 

LiMNOS  {Ptolemy),  supposed  to  be  the  Isle  of  Ramsey  near 
St.  David's  or  Menew.  Leland  calls  this  island  LimenuSy  and 
says  the  name  is  of  Greek  original ;  but  why  not  from  the  British 
Mynyw  ? 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  259 

LiRlON :  see  Lyrrion. 

Lismrr.  Caer  Lisidit  (TV.) ;  another  copy,  Lesydit,  one  of  the 
twenty-eight  cities,  qu.  ? 

LoKT  and  Lond,  for  the  Teutonic  Land  in  the  names  of  Islont, 
Gotlont,  Esgottlont,  and  Inglont^t.  e,,  Iceland,  Gotland,  Scotland, 
and  England,  etc. 

LoYW.    Caer  Loyw.    See  Glayw. 

LoCRiN :  see  Llocrin. 

LoWKi  or  LowRY  (n.  faem.). 

LovAN  Lau  Dhifro  (n.  pr.  v.),  Archceol  Brit,  p.  260.  Thus 
Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  writes  this  name  in  Ilywarch  Hen's  Marw- 
nad  Urien  Beged,  which  is  the  same  as  is  wrote  in  the  Triades, 
Llofan  Llavxldino,  The  person  who  killled  Urien  Beged,  [Llaw 
Ddifro,  the  desolating  or  lay- wasting  hand. —  W.  2?.] 

LuAUD :  see  Ligualid. 

LuDWAL.  Mr.  Camden,  out  of  William  of  Malmesbury,  says 
King  Edgar  imposed  a  tribute  of  three  hundred  skins  of  wolves 
on  Ludwal,  Prince  of  Merionethshire,  or  those  countries ;  but,  as 
is  observed  in  the  margin,  there  has  been  no  prince  of  that  name 
in  Wales ;  and  it  was  leuaf  and  lago,  sons  of  Edwal,  that  were 
Princes  of  North  Wales  in  the  time  of  Edgar,  about  A.D.  960. 
And  I  also  desire  it  may  be  observed  that  no  such  a  man's  name 
at  all  occurs  in  Wales  as  Ludwal,  either  in  MS.  or  elsewhere.  So 
this  story  wants  a  bottom.  [Son  oi  Edwal,  Camden  might  take 
it  for  Ludwal.—  W.  2>.] 

Luna,  a  town  and  port  of  Tuscany,  from  the  Celtic  liwyn. 

LUNED  (2>.  ap  GwUym) ;  perhaps  the  same  with  Elin,  qu.  ? 
See  Eluned, 

Lutatia,  the  ancient  name  of  Paris  in  France,  from  the  Celtic 
Llaidwysg  or  Laitusc,  i.  e,,  muddy  water. 

Lwlen,  dim.  of  Lowri. 

Lwndrys,  Londres,  a  Norman  name  of  London ;  as  if  you 
would  say  Llongdref,  or  the  shipping  town.     See  Llongddin. 

LwYT  Coed.  Caer  Lwyt  Coet  (Ttnades) ;  in  Nennius,  Caire 
Luit  Coite ;  in  Dr.  Thomas  Williams'  Catalogue,  Caer  Lwyd  Coed, 
Lincoln.  [Llwyd  Coed:  Llwyd  0  Lwyd  Coed,  Llangadfan. — 
—W.  D.] 

Lymnos  of  Ptolemy :  see  Lleyn  and  Erdli. 


.260  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Lybrion.  Caer  Lyrrion.  This  is  in  the  catalogue  of  the 
British  cities  in  the  Triades.  In  Nennius  it  is  Oaire  Lerwn ;  in 
Usher's  catalogue,  Caer  Leirion  ;  in  some  copies  of  the  Triades, 
Oaer  Lirion,  i,  e.,  the  city  of  the  people  of  Llyr,  i.  e,,  Llyrion ;  but 
I  presume  it  is  the  same  with  Caer  Llyr  in  Tyssilio,  which  he 
says  Llyr  built  on  the  river  Soram,  and  called  by  the  Saxons 
Leyrcestyr ;  now  Leicester.  Caer  Lyr,  Lyrcester.  (Th.  Williams, 
Catalogite.) 

LL. 
Lladwm. 

Llaethnant,  a  river. 

Chwechant  hyd  at  Laethnant  Iwyd. — Tudur  Aled. 

Llafyr,  father  of  Ussa,  a.d.  943.  (Caradoc  in  Howel  Dda.) 
Llai  (fl.).  Aberllai.  (Llywarch  Hen)  Qu.  whether  not  Aher^ 
lUw;  or  qu.  whether  Elay  of  Morden's  Map,  Glamorganshire, 
and  Lay  of  Price's  Description,  if  to  be  read  Llai  ?  [Llai  is  the 
Welsh  name  of  the  river. — /.  if.]  Coed  y  Llai  in  Flintshire, 
Englished  Leasewood,  as  if  wrote  Llau,  lice.  Qu.  whether  there 
is  a  river  Llai  there  ?  Then  it  should  be  Lesswood  or  Grey  wood. 

Yn  Aberllai  lladd  Urien. — Llywarch  Hen, 

Pont  ar  Lai,  Glamorganshire.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Llamiwrch,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (/.  D)    Morgan's. 

Llam  Mwri,  a  place  in  Anglesey. 

Llambe,  enw  caseg  Arthur.     {E.  Lltvyd) 

Llam  yr  Ebol,  a  place  in  Anglesey. 

Llam  yr  Ewig,  a  place  in  Powysland.    See  Llwchayarn. 

Llan,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  used  in  names  of  places  in 
Britain,  etc.,  and  signifies  a  spot  of  ground  or  inclosed  area  for 
any  use  (as  carlan,  a  sheepfold ;  perllan,  an  orchard ;  ydlan,  a 
place  of  corn ;  g^mnllan,  a  vineyard,  etc.),  but  chiefly  consecrated 
for  a  church,  and  is  the  same  with  the  Latin  fanum,  a  plat  of 
consecrated  ground ;  as,  Llanvair,  St.  Mary's  Church ;  Llanbedr, 
St.  Peter's  Church  ;  Llandeilo,  St.  Teilo's  Church,  etc.  And  qu. 
whether  Lambeth,  on  the  river  Thames,  was  called  so  for  being 
St.  Peter's  Church  (the  Welsh  calling  it  Llanbed  to  this  day), 
and  Languedoc  in  Gaul  ?  For  Llanfair  see  Mair;  Llandeilo,  see 
Teilo;  and  so  for  the  rest. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  261 

Llanamddtfri  Castle,  anno  Domini  1204. 

Llanabtune. 

Llanbadarn,  a  collegiate  church  near  Aberystwyth^  a.d.  1144. 
John,  archpriest  of  Llanbadam,  sainted  a.d.  1138.  Sulien  ap 
Rythmarch,  of  the  College  of  Llanbadam,  ad.  1143. 

Llakbistair. 

Llanbleddiak,  a  lordship  in  Morgannwg.  [Llanbleiddian,  in 
Welsh  Llanfieiddan,  a  parish  and  lordship*  In  the  large  and 
fine  village  stand  the  church  and  two  castles  in  ruins.  In  this 
parish  is  the  town  of  Cowbridge,  with  another  church  and  a 
grammar  school,  a  member  of  Jesus  College  in  Oxford.  Cow- 
bridge  has  two  markets  weekly,  many  fairs,  quarter  sessions,  etc. 
At  Aberthin,  a  village  in  this  parish,  Owain  Glyndwr  defeated 
the  forces  of  Henry  IV.    Annual  races. — L  if.] 

Llandaf  or  Llandav,  wrote  in  English  LandafT,  a  town  and 
bishop's  see  on  the  river  Tav  in  Glamorganshire.  The  Cathedral 
is  consecrated  to  St.  Teilaw,  once  Bishop  thereof ;  and,  as  Cam- 
den says,  erected  by  Germanus  and  Lupus  when  they  suppressed 
the  Pelagian  Heresy.  But  here  was  an  archbishopric  before  the 
time  of  Germanus.    See  Price's  Defence. 

Llanddinam,  a  church  and  parish  in  Arwystli  and  Tre  New- 
ydd  Ynghedewain.  Here  Owain  Gwynedd  came  to  chastise 
.Howel  ap  leuaf,  ad.  1162. 

Llanddulas,  a  church  and  parish  (R.),  from  the  river  Dulas ; 
dedicated  to  St.  Cymbryd.     (B.  Willis) 

Llanddwy,  in  Brecknockshire. 

Meibion  myr  Uenwyr  Llanddwy, 

Meddiant  teg  mae  iddynt  bwy. — Bedo  Phylip  Bach, 

Llanddyn,  a  gentleman's  seat.  (J.  D) 
Llandeilo  Fawr,  a  town  in  Caermarthenshire. 
Llandudoch,  a  village  in  Pembrokeshire,  on  the  river  Teifi, 
between  Cardigan  and  the  sea.  Here  a  battle  was  fought  be- 
tween the  sons  of  Cadivor  ap  Collwyn  of  Dyfed,  Gruffudd  ap 
Mredydd,  and  Rhys  ap  Tewdor,  their  lord,  a.d.  1088.  Rhys 
defeated  them.  Eneon  fled  to  lestyn,  lord  of  Morgannwc; 
which  Eneon  was  the  cause  of  bringing  an  army  of  Normans 
there,  and  had  battle  near  Brecknockshire,  where  Rhys  was 


262  CELTIC  RBMAINS. 

killed ;  who,  after  assisting  lestyn  and  Eneon,  took  possession 
of  the  country  of  Glamoigan,  or  Gwlad  Forgan,  and  whose  issue 
mixed  with  the  Britons^  and  remain  there  to  this  day.  This 
happened  A.D.  1090.     {Oaradoc,  p.  119.) 

liANDUDWG. 

Llanegryn. 

Llanegwest  or  Egwestl,  an  abbey  called  also  Valle  Cruds, 
built  A.D.  1200  by  Madoc  ap  Or.  Maelor,  lord  of  Maelor  in  Brom- 
field,  near  Llangollen. 

[LiiANFErrHiN,  still  standing,  the  College  or  Monastery  of 
St.  Cadoc  ap  Gwynlliw  in  Ilangarfan  in  Glamorganshire.  It  is 
mentioned  by  Aneurin  in  the  Gododin. — I.  M.] 

Llangadoq  Castle,  ad.  1204. 

Llangarfan,  Glamorgan.  [See  Llanfeithin  above. — /.  M!] 
Caradog  or  Cradog,  the  faithful  and  impartial  author  of  the  His- 
tory of  the  Princes  of  Wales,  which  he  wrote  by  the  order  of 
Galfrid  Archdeacon  of  Monmouth,  an.  1155,  was  of  this  place. 
Fairs  kept  here. 

[Nine  villages  in  liangarfan,  viz.,  Llangarfan^  Pennon,  Mod- 
dwyn,  Danbydderi,  Llangadell,  Tre  Gof,  Tre  Wallter,  Castell 
Moel,  and  Heol  Las. — I.  M,'\ 

Llangewydd  [a  village  in  the  parish  of  Trelalys  in  Glamor- 
gan, where  lived  Llywelyn  Sion  o  Langewydd,  a  very  ingenious 
bard,  author  of  the  best  treatise  on  Welsh  poetry  extant. — /.  if.] 

Llangoed,  a  parish  and  gentleman's  seat  in  Anglesey.  Wil- 
liams. Also  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Brecon.  Sir  Edward  Williams. 
See  Gathgoed.     See  Tanwyn  Sant. 

Llangollen,  in  Denbighshire,  where  Sawyl  ap  Lly  warch  Hen 
was  buried. 

Llangobs,  a  castle  in  Brecknockshire,  near  Brecknock  town. 

Llangwm,  a  church  and  parish  in  Roose,  Pembrokeshire, 
where  a  battle  was  fought  between  Mredydd  ap  Owain  and 
Edwal  ap  Meyric,  A.D.  992,  and  Tewdor  Mawr  slain. 

Llangwm  Dinmael,  a  church  and  parish  in  Rhose  Deanery 
in  Denbighshire. 

Llangymwch  Castle,  erased  by  Llewelyn  ap  Gruffudd,  a.d. 
1256.    S.  W. 

Llangwstenyn,  in  Creuthyn,  near  Conwy,  a  church  where 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  263 

the  Abbots  of  Aberconwy  and  Cymer  summoned  King  Henry  III 
to  appear  before  them  by  a  commission  from  the  Pope  about  a 
dispute  between  him  and  Dav.  ap  Llewelyn  concerning  the 
Principality  of  Wales.  (Powel,  Caradoc,  p.  309.)  But  the  King 
bribed  the  Pope. 

Llangynllo. 

Llanhafon.     Qu.  Llanhafon  or  Llanafon  ? 

Llanhataden,  one  of  the  two  commots  of  Cantref  y  Coed, 
in  Pembrokeshire. 

Llanhuadain,  a  castle  burnt  by  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth. 

A  ohan  llaw  lladwaw  Llanhaiaden. — Binion  ap  €hffgan, 

Llanllwch,  Caermarthenshire. 

Llanllwchatarn  (V.),  in  Cedewain,  Powysland. 

Llan  y  Meichiad. 

Llanmeli,  a  gentleman's  seat  {J.  D.),  Denbighshire,  qu.  ? 

Llannebch,  a  word  prefixed  to  the  names  of  places,  signifying 
an  area  or  spot,  a  bare  spot     {D,  ap  Gwilym.) 

Llanerch,  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Dyffryn  Clwyd. 
(Price,  Descr,) 

Llannerch  Bennaf. 

Llannerch  y  Clwydau. 

Llannerch  Euron  or  Aeron,  vulgo  Llanychaeron,  a  place  in 
Cardiganshire. 

Llannerch  Hubol,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  y 
Fymwy  in  Powys  Wenwynwyn. 

Llannerch  Felus. 

Llannerch  y  Medd,  a  market  town  in  the  middle  of  Anglesey 

Llannerch  y  Mor. 

Llannol,  a  place  in  Anglesey,  in  the  parish  of  Llanbabo,  where 
there  is  a  stone  called  Maen  Llannol  with  an  inscription ;  cor- 
ruptly for  Maen  Llineol,  as  Mr.  Ilwyd  thinks. 

Llan  Non. 

Llannor,  a  church  in  Lleyn.  Qu.  whether  Llanfair  or  Llan- 
fawT  or  Llan  lor  ? 

Llanrhystyd,  in  Cardiganshire.  A  castle  built  here  by  Cad- 
waladr  ap  Gr.  ap  Cynan,  a.d.  1148.     {Garadoe,  p.  201.) 

Llanrwst,  a  town  in  Denbighshire.  Qu.  from  Grwst  or  Gw- 
rwst  Sant  ? 


264  celtic  remains. 

Llansawtl. 

Llansiun.  (jTr.  63.)  [A  church  and  parish  in  Denbighshire. 
—  W.R] 

Llanstephan  Castle,  Caennarthenshire. 

Iaajsttkedaff,  a  church  in  Herefordshire. 

Llantrtddyd,  the  seat  of  Sir  John  Aubrey,  a.d,  1693  [and 
is  so  stilL  A  fine,  large,  and  very  ancient  house,  lai^  park, 
etc.  The  house  is  in  the  parish  and  large  village  of  Han- 
tryddyd.— /.  M.] 

Llantuif,  or  Boviarton ;  some  call  it  Llanelltud ;  a  lordship 
in  Moigannwg.  (Pov^el,)  See  Oamden  in  Iltudus.  [Llantuit,  an 
ancient  town  in  Glamorgan ;  in  Welsh,  Llanilltud  Fawr.  This 
is  the  name  of  the  parish.  Boverton  (not  Bo\riarton)  is  a  large 
village  in  this  parish,  and  gives  name  to  the  lordship.  It  is  the 
Bovium  of  Antonine.  Here  is  still  standing  a  very  ancient  seat 
of  the  Lords  Marchers  of  Glamorgan.  In  the  town  of  Llan- 
illtud or  Llantwit  stands  in  ruin  the  College  of  Htutus.  In  the 
church  and  churchyard  are  more  ancient  British  inscriptions 
than  are  to  be  found  anywhere  else  in  Wales.  There  are  in  a 
neighbouring  field  four  or  five  Boman  and  British  camps.  The 
place  is  famous  for  the  longevity  of  its  inhabitants.  It  stands 
in  the  Vale  of  Glamorgan,  on  the  sea-shore. — L  If.] 

Llanvaes  seems  to  be  the  old  name  of  Beaumaris  in  Anglesey. 
"  Daeth  ystiwart  llys  Brenhyn  Uychlyn  a  chwech  herwlong  gan- 
thaw  hyd  yn  Llanvaes  ac  yspeiliaw  y  dref  a'i  Uosgi.*'  {Oeslyfr  y 
Brut.)  Here  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth,  Prince  of  Wales,  built  a 
house  of  barefoot  Friers  over  the  grave  of  Jone  his  wife,  daughter 
of  King  John,  in  the  reign  of  Henry  III,  a.d.  1237,  called  now 
the  Friers  near  Beaumaris. 

Llanvihangel  Ysgeifiog,  a  church  and  parish  in  Anglesey. 
Qu.  whether  from  ysgaw,  a  place  of  elders ;  as  Celynnog  from 
cdyn,  a  place  of  hollies  ? 

Llanvokda  (from  Mordaf).  A  collection  of  British  MSS.  here 
made  by  Sir  W.  Williams,  chiefly  copied  out  of  Hengwrt  MSS. 

Llanufudd  :  see  Nefydd. 

Llanwanoc  (qu.  Llanwenog?),  in  Dyfed,  near  St.  David's, 
where  a  battle  was  fought  between  the  Britons  and  Harold  the 
Dane,  a.d.  981.     (Powel,  Oaradoc,  p.  65.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  265 

Llanyohan,  Caermarthenshire.     Fairs  kept  here. 

Llantnghenedl,  a  chapel  and  parish,  Anglesey. 

Llanynys,  a  church  and  parish,  Denbighshire. 

Llanystindwy,  a  parish,  Caernarvonshire. 

Llary  ap  Casnar  Wledig. 

Llathwhyd,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire.     (J.  D.) 

Llawarian  :  vid.  Arian. 

Llawdden,  the  father  of  Beren,  who  was  Beuno's  mother. 
(Beuno^s  Life.) 

Llawdden  Lueddog,  or  Llewddyn  Luyddog,o  Ddinas  Eiddun. 

Llawddiffro  or  Llawddino,  the  appellative  of  one  Llofan 
that  killed  Urien  ap  Cynfarch.     {Tr.  38.) 

Augerdd  Urien  is  a  gro 
Gennif  cyrch  ynad  ymhob  bro 
Yn  wise  Llofan  Llawddiffro. 

Llywarch  Hen^  in  Marwnad  Urien  ap  Cynfaroh. 

Llawddog  Sant.  Llanllawddog,  Carmarthenshire.  Qn.  whether 
Laudatus  ? 

Llawesog,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (J,  D,) 

Llawfrodedd  Farchog  Coch  (n.  pr.  v.).  CylleU  Llawfrodedd 
Farchog,  or  the  knife  of  Llawfrodedd  the  Knight,  was  one  of  the 
thirteen  rarities  of  Brit-aia  This  knife  would  serve  twenty-four 
men  from  one  table  to  another,  and  when  wanted  was  ready  at 
the  call  of  every  one.  The  Bretons  of  France  are  allowed  but  one 
knife  for  each  table,  and  that  chained  to  the  table.  See  Eluned. 
Buwch  Llawfrodedd  Farchog.     [Tr.  y  Meirch,  2.) 

Lla WGAT  Trwm  Bargawt  Eidyn  killed  Afaon,  son  of  Taliessin. 
In  Mr.  Vaughan's  Index,  Llowgat  Trwm  Bargot  Eiddyn.  (Tr,  38.) 
Some  Scot  of  Edenbrough,  it  seems. 

Llawhir,  generous;  lit.  hngimanus,  long-handed,  perhaps 
liberal ;  the  epithet  or  surname  of  several  men  ;  as,  Caswallon 
Law  Hir ;  Angharad  Lawir ;  Aireol  Lawir,  etc,  etc. 

Llawr  (n.  pr.  v.).  liynges  Llawr  mab  Eirif,  im  o'r  tair  Ujmges 
gyniweir.  (Tr.  72.)  This  Llawr  was  admiral  of  some  famous 
fleet  of  pirates,  probably  of  the  Lochlin  men  about  the  Baltic, 
that  pestered  the  British  coast. 

Llawr  or  Llafyr  ap  Llywarch  Hen.    Bwlch  Llorion. 

34 


266  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Llawr  Crach  0  Feifod.     CoUwyn  ap  Llawr  Crach. 

Llech,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  in  the  composition  of  names  of 
places,  etc.,  signifying  a  stone,  or  sometimes  a  flat  rock ;  hence 
Uechgynvarwy  in  M8n;  liech  Oronwy  in  Blaen  Cynfael  in 
Ardudwy.  {Tr.  35.)  Llech  Ysgar.  (2V.)  Llech  Ardudwy  is 
Harlech  in  Meirion.  Llech  Elidir.  {Tr,)  Y  Benllecli  in  Anglesey. 
Hence  also  Leuca,  a  league ;  that  is,  milestones  among  the 
Bomans  ;  as  much  as  to  say,  Llechauy  i.  e.,  stones. 

Llech,  a  river.     Aberllech.     {Llywarch  Hen.) 

Llech  Ardudwy.  Caer  Llech  Ardudwy,  now  Harlech  or 
Arlech  town  and  castle,  Meirion. 

Llechau  (n.  pr.  v.).  Llechau,  a  son  of  King  Arthur,  was  killed 
at  Llongborth.     (i>.  Js,y  1587.) 

Fal  y  lias  Llechau  is  Llecbysgar. — Bleddyn  Fardd.    (2V.  10.) 

[Llechau,  afon  ym  Morganwg. — /.  M,] 

Llechcynfarwy  :  see  Oynfarwy. 

Llech  y  Drybedd,  a  cromlech,  or  Druidical  monument,  or 
altar,  in  the  parish  of  Nevern  in  Pembrokeshire. 

Llechddyfnog,  one  of  the  three  cantrefs  of  Elfel. 

Llech  Elidir,  a  place  in  North  Britain ;  also  in  Anglesey. 
See  PerUlech, 

Llecheu  ap  Brychan,  in  Llangayan  (Tregaian,  qu.  ?).  See 
Cayan. 

Llech  Gelyddon  yrahrydyn.  (MS,)  Nefydd  ferch  Brychan, 
gwraig  Tudwal  Befyr,  Santes  yn  Llech  Gelyddon  jrmhrydyn. 

Llech  y  Gowres,  a  monument  near  Neuadd  in  Cardiganshire, 
very  curious. 

Llechid,  Santes  yn  Arllechwedd,  merch  Ithel  Hael  o  Lydaw. 
(MS.)     Llanllechid,  Caernarvonshire.     {B.  Willis.) 

Llech  Idris,  in  the  parish  of  Trawsfynydd,  Meirion,  near 
which  is  a  stone  with  a  Latin  inscription  which  hath  been  ill 
copied  by  Mr.  E.  Uwyd  in  his  Jfbtes  on  Camden. 

Llechog,  a  river :  hence  Mynachlog  Lechog. 

Llechog,  Mynachlog  Maenan,  the  Abbey  of  Al)erconwy. 
Here  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth  was  buried. 

Aetbodd  o  fewn  i  wythawr 
Fynachlog  Lechog  i  lawr. — I.  Lhnjd. 

Llechutddtawr,  eiiw  lie.     [Llecheiddiawr. —  IV.  R] 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  267 

Llechhyi>,  a  place  in  Caixiiganshire,  on  the  river  Teifi ;  peth 
o  arglwyddiaeth  Syr  Roger  Vychan.  Here  a  battle  was  fought 
between  Ehya  ap  Tewdwr  and  the  sons  of  Bleddyn  ap  Cynvyn, 
where  Madoc  and  Riryd  were  killed,  and  the  other  fled.  Rhys 
ap  Tewdwr  had  in  this  battle  a  strong  power  of  Irish  and  Scots 
which  were  in  his  pay,  a.d.  1087.  {Caradoc  in  Gr.  ap  Cynan, 
p.  117.) 

Llechwedd  (Y)  Isa  ag  Ucha,  cwmwdau.  Madog  ab  larddwr 
o*r  Llechwedd ;  properly  Arilechwedd. 

Llechwedd  Llyfn,  a  gentleman's  seat.    {J.  D.) 

Llechysgae  (n.  L),  the  place  where  Llechau,  the  son  of  Ring 
Arthur,  was  killed.     Ilys  Madog  am  Mhredydd. 

Bre  nchel  braint  ar  ddangos 

Lie  trydar  Llechysgar  Uys. — Cynddeko. 

Lledr,  a  river  near  the  town  of  Penmachno.  See  Machno  and 

Siglvaen. 

Ai  hwn  yw  *r  maen  graen  grynno  llwydwyn 

Rhwng  Lledr  a  Machno  ? 

Geill  dyn  unig  ei  siglo 

Ni  chodai  fil  a  chwedyn  fo. — W.  Cynwal. 

Lledbod  or  Lledrawd,  a  parish  in  Cardiganshire. 

Lledrot,  a  town  near  Oswaldstry,  and  a  gentleman's  seat. 
(J.  D)     (Powel,  Chronicle^  p.  3.) 

Lledwigan.  Two  villas  or  townships  of  this  name  in  the 
commot  of  Malldraeth,  in  Anglesey,  when  the  Extent  was  taken 
by  Edward  III,  1352  ;  i,  e.,  Lledwigan  Llys  and  Lledwigan  Llan. 

Lledwigan  Uys,  or  belonging  to  the  palace  or  prince,  was  called 
a  free  township,  and  yet  paid  the  prince  26».  lOd.  yearly  in 
money,  with  a  suit  to  the  commots  and  himdreds  with  relief, 
gobr  and  amobr,  10s.  It  contained  but  one  wde  under  several 
coheirs  who  had  a  mill  of  their  own.  But  there  was  Llewelyn 
ap  Ednyfed,  one  of  the  coheirs  of  the  said  v)eU,  who  owed 
neither  relief  nor  amobr  either  before  or  after  the  Conquest 
(meaning  the  Norman  Conquest) ;  but  the  others  paid  reUef, 
gobr  and  amobr,  10s.,  when  due.  What,  then,  is  a  v)eU  ?  It  is 
not  a  messuage.  There  was  a  hamlet  of  two  boviats  of  land 
belonging  to  Lledwigan  Llys,  which  paid  £1  1*.  3^.  yearly,  who 
owed  suit  to  the  princess  mill  of  Dindryfol  and  to  the  commot 


268  CELTIC   REMAINS. 

and  hundred,  and  also  relief,  gobr  and  amobr,  with  three  boviats 
of  escheat  land  which  had  been  crau  swch  (soccage  tenure),  but 
paid  to  the  prince  lid,  a  year ;  so  the  lands  in  soccage  tenure, 
it  seems,  were  only  to  plough  instead  of  rent.  Howel  ap  Madog 
ap  Lly welyn  was  sole  heir  of  Lledwigan  Uan,  or  that  held  under 
the  Church,  and  he  owed  no  suit  to  the  prince  except  an  appear- 
ance at  the  first  commot  held  after  Michewlmas  yearly  {i.  e.,  as 
we  call  it  now,  the  court  leet),  but  to  other  commots  or  hun- 
dreds neither  relief  nor  amobr ;  but  he  and  all  his  villans  were 
to  attend  the  two  grand  turns  yearly  in  lieu  of  aU  services.  But 
Lledwigan  y  Llys,  held  under  the  prince,  had  heavy  services 
though  called  a  free  village  in  the  Extent. 

Lleenawc,  father  of  Gwallawc,  one  of  the  tri  phost  cad. 
(Tr.  11.) 

Llefethyr,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Emlyn,  Pem- 
brokeshire. 

Llefnydd,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Gwent.  See 
Gwent. 

Llefoed  Wynebglawr,  a  poet. 

Lleian,  verch  Brychan,  gwraig  Gawran,  a  mam  Ayddan 
Vradog,  mentioned  by  Beda,  jEdanus. 

Lleision  (n.  pr.  v.).  Lleision,  abad  Glyn  Nedd.  (i.  GL  Cothi.) 
Gwelygordd  Lleisiawn. 

Lleision  ap  Philip  ap  Caradog  ap  Eliys.     {MS.) 

Lleision  or  Lleisiawn,  a  country  or  lordship  in  Powysland ; 
or  qu.  whether  people  of  Lies,  mentioned  in  the  eighth  battle  of 
Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth.     See  Oylch  Llywelyn  : 

Teymdnd  Lleisiawn  ac  alasswy  dir  i  deym  Dyganwy. 
Rbac  Madawc  mechdeyrn  Lleisyawn. 

Gwalchmai,  i  Mad.  ap  Meredydd. 

Lle  Herbert,  in  the  mountains  of  Meirionyddshire,  where 
W.  Herbert,  Earl  of  Pembroke,  passed  with  great  difficulty  to 
besiege  Harlech  Castle  maintained  by  David  ap  Jenkin  [leuan — 
W.  B.]  ap  Einion  against  Edward  IV  siding  with  the  house  of 
Lancaster. 

Llemenic,  mab  Mawan.  (Tr,  11,  "No,  7.)  Ilemem'g  ap  Maon 
(n.  pr.  v.),  {Tr,),  un  o'r  tri  trwyddedawg  ag  anfoddawg.  (Tr.  71.) 
IJwmhunig  ap  Maon.     {Dr,  Davies  in  Trwyddedawg.) 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  269 

LiiEiNiOG,  a  place  in  Cwmmwd  Menai,  Anglesey.  Mredydd 
of  Ueiniog ;  and  Lleiniog  or  liienog,  near  Beaumaris. 

Llen  Arthur  Ynghemyw  a  Dyfnaint,  one  of  the  thirteen 
rarities  of  Britain,  t.e.,  King  Arthur's  veil.  Whoever  went  under 
it  could  see,  hut  would  not  be  seen.     See  Eltined, 

Llenvodden.    Meiriawn  Llenvodden  ap  Eoet. 

Lleon,  called  also  Lleon  Gawr,  the  7th  King  of  Britain.  The 
British  history  says  he  was  the  founder  of  Caerlleon  in  the  north 
of  the  island,  which  must  be  Caerlleon  ar  Ddyfrdwy,  or  else 
Leonis  Castrum,  which  hath  been  called  since  the  City  of  Legions, 
on  the  river  Dee,  and  by  the  Saxons  Legeacester.  This  in  the 
Triades  is  called  Caerlleon,  and  by  British  writers  and  the  poets 
Caerlleon  Gawr ;  Lleon  Gawr  signifying  Lleon  the  Prince,  and 
not  the  Giant,  as  is  imagined  by  persons  ignorant  in  the  Celtic 
tongue.  It  is  now  called  West  Chester,  on  the  river  Dee.  See 
Ogyrfan  Gawr,  BerUli  Gator,  etc. 

Llys  Uawr  Lleon  Gawr  Uau  gwawr  gwimpaf. 

Or.  ap  Mer,  ap  Da/ydd^  i'r  Grog  o  Gaerlleon. 

But  rather  Holt  or  Lyons  in  Flintshire. 

Bhag  ffalsed,  rhag  oered  oedd 

Gaer  Lleon  Gawr  a'i  Uaoedd. — L.  O.  Gothi. 

Mae  hwpp  arvan  mab  hirfawr 
Mae  Hun  gwych  mal  Lleon  Gawr. 

8.  Geriy  i  S.  ap  Rhys. 

Lleon  (taid  Iddic  ap  Llywarch)  ap  Cilmin  Droedtu. 
Lleon  Llychlyn,  some  Prince  on  the  coast  of  the  Baltic  in 
alliance  with  the  Britons. 

Mi  fom  Yardd  Telyn 

I  Leon  Llychlyn. — Hanes  Taliessin, 

Bngil  ar  gychwyn 
Bhag  Lleon  Llychlyn. 

Lles  (n.  pr.  v. ;  Latinized  Lucius, 

Lleiddawd  ap  Marchnad.   ^{Rhys  Goch  Eryri) 

Lles  Amerawdr   Ehufain.     (Tyssilio.)    This,  in  Galfrid's 

Latin,   is  Lucius  Tiberius,  Procurator  of  the  Eepublic.     He 

was  general  of  a  Soman  army  in  Gaul  that  fought  with  King 

Arthur  and  the  Armoricans  about  the  year  541.    Others  caU 


270  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

him  Lucius  Hiberus.  The  British  writers  use  to  call  the  gene- 
rals of  armies  by  the  titles  of  emperors  and  kings,  and  at  that 
time  Bome  hardly  knew  its  emperors.     See  Procopius. 

Llbs  ap  Coel,  the  79th  King  of  Britain,  said  to  be  the  first 
Christian  King,  and  converted  by  Ffagan  and  Dwywan,  two 
preachers  sent  by  one  Eleuther,  a  Pope  of  Rome.  Usher  pro- 
duces twenty-four  diflferent  opinions  of  the  time  this  Prince 
received  the  Christian  faith.  By  Latin  writers  he  is  called 
Ladus;  and  by  S.  Beulan's  note  on  Nennius,  iever  Jlfoi^, which 
he  interprets  magni  splendoris,  i.  «.,  great  light.  But  none  of 
our  writers  in  the  British  tongue  mention  this  cognomen  of 
Lleufer  Mawr.  Bishop  Lloyd  is  ready  to  give  him  up  as  never 
to  have  had  a  being,  and  he  thinks  Bede  might  find  him  in  that 
mixen  of  fable,  the  Gesta  Pontificum.  Some  are  so  whimsical 
as  to  derive  the  name  from  St.  Luc*s  Gospel,  and  to  deny  the 
very  being  of  Lucius ;  but  they  should  have  shewed  the  affinity 
between  LleSy  his  real  name,  and  Luke,  for  Lucius  is  only  bastard 
Latin. 

It  is  the  tradition  of  the  churches  of  the  Switzers  and  Giisons 
that  he  went  to  France  and  Germany  to  preach  the  Gospel,  and 
is  said  to  be  consecrated  Bishop  of  Chur  or  Coire,  the  capital 
province  of  the  Grisons.  There  is  an  ancient  monastery  near 
the  city  of  Chur  which  bears  his  name,  6md  his  feast  is  solemnly 
kept  there,  and  his  sister  Emerita  is  honoured  as  virgin  and 
martyr.     {Brit,  Sand.,  Dec.  3.) 

This  Lies  ap  Coel  died,  according  to  Tyssilio's  British  History, 
A.D.  156.     See  also  Usher's  Primord.,  p.  340. 

Lles  LLA.W  Ddeoc. 

Llestr,  and  Morlestr,  a  ship  or  any  sea  vesseL  This  word  is 
to  be  found  in  Doomsday  Book,  in  Cheshire,  but  corruptly  wrote 
Lesth,  an  h  for  an  r.  "  Quatuor  denarios  de  imoquoque  Lesth 
habebant  Eex  et  Comes.'' 

Llbuci,  Lleucu,  and  Lleucy  (n.  pr.  f.) ;  Latinized  lAicia. 

Ynghylcb  dy  dy  Lleucy  Llwyd 

A  chlyd  for  a  chlo  dar  da 

A  chlicoied  yn  iach  Lleaon. — Llewelyn  Ooch. 

Lleuddad  Sant,  (Latinized  Lwudatua),  first  Abbot  of  Enlli,  as 
some  say  cousin-german  to  Beuno. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  271 

Lleufeb  Mawr,  a  cognomen.     See  Lies  ap  CoeL 

Llew  (n.  pr.  v,),  an  ancient  and  a  natural  name  eno\jgli  for  a 
British  commander,  if  it  be  true  that  they  painted  the  shapes  of 
beasts  and  birds  on  their  bodies.  The  name  signifies  a  lion ; 
and  the  famous  Prince  Llew  ap  Cjmfarch  of  North  Britain,  who 
married  King  Arthur's  sister,  should  have  been  translated  by 
Galfrid  Leo,  and  not  Lotho;  but  he  hath  often  mistaken  as  well 
as  here.  Names  of  fierce  or  strong  creatures  were  commonly 
given  to  men  among  the  Britains ;  as,  Arth,  a  bear ;  Blaidd,  a 
wolf ;  Gruff,  a  griphon ;  Gwalch,  a  hawk  ;  Eryr,  an  eagle ;  March, 
a  horse. 

Llew  ap  Cynfarch,  King  of  Llychlyn  (Norway,  or  some 
country  near  the  Baltic).  He  was  made  King  there  by  Arthur, 
his  brother-in-law,  being  entitled  to  the  crown  in  his  mother's 
right.  He  married  Anna,  daughter  of  Uthur  Bendragon,  and 
sister  of  King  Arthur,  whose  son  Medrod  claimed  the  crown  of 
Britain  because  Arthur  was  not  begot  in  wedlock.  Gwalchmai, 
the  other  son  of  Anna,  was,  it  seems,  of  another  opinion,  for  he 
was  one  of  King  Arthur's  chief  generals,  if  both  had  the  same 
father.  His  name  should  be  translated  into  Latin,  Leo;  but  I 
cannot  tell  for  what  reason  Galfrid  has  made  it  Lot  and  Lotho, 
unless  in  order  to  make  British  history  tally  with  the  Scotch  ; 
perhaps  a  mistake  for  Dewddyn  Luyddog  o  Ddinas  Eiddun, 
who  Mr.  Ed.  LI wyd. Latinizes  Leodinus  Bellicosus.  But  this  was 
wrong :  let  every  history  stand  on  its  own  bottom,  true  or  false. 

Llew,  river.     Old  orthography,  Lieu. 

Yn  Aberllew  lladd  Urien. — Llijwarch  Hen^  Marwnad  Urien. 

Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  reads  it  Llay. 

Llewelus  and  Llefeltjs  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  King  in  Gaul,  brother 
of  Lludd  ap  Beli,  King  of  Britain,  and  of  Caswallon.  {Tyssilio) 
A  dispute  between  him  and  Lludd,  called  Cyfrangc  IJudd  a 
Llewelys  [MS) ;  by  others,  Ymarwar  Lludd  a  Llewelus.  {Llewelyn 
Fardd,  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth.) 

Llewelyn  or  Llywelyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  generally  Latinized  Leoli- 
mis;  perhaps  from  llew  and  eulyn,  lion's  form  or  lion-like,  or 
else  from  lleio  and  gelyn,  lion's  enemy.  This  name  seems  not  to 
have  been  used  till  after  the  Romans  left  Britain.     See  Hoiane 


272  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Myrddin.    The  first  Prince  of  this  name  was  Llewelyn  ap  Seis- 
yllt.    Math.  Westminster  mentions  him  in  the  year  940. 

It  is  also  by  the  poets  taken  to  be  the  same  name  with  Lewis, 
as  Lewis  Glyn  Cothi,  the  poet,  is  called  Lly welyn  Glyn  Cothi ; 
and  the  sneer  of  an  Anglesey  gentleman  on  his  countryman  in 
Dublin,  that  had  Anglified  his  name,  explains  it. 

Nnper  lorwertk  ap  Llewelyn 
Nunc  Ned  Lewis  o  Dre  Ddulyn. 

Llewelyn  ap  Gruffudd  was  the  last  Prince  of  Wales  of  the 
ancient  British  races,  betrayed  into  the  hands  of  the  English  by 
his  own  subjects  of  Buellt  and  one  Madog  Min,  a  Bishop,  in  the 
year  1282,  and  his  head  put  on  the  highest  place  of  the  Tower  of 
London  by  Edward  I.  He  was  son  of  Gruffudd  ap  Llewelyn  ap 
lorwerth  Drwyndwn. 

Llywelyn  ap  Iorwerth  Drwyndwn  was  a  Prince  of  Wales 
that  bravely  defended  his  country  against  Richard  I,  King  John, 
and  Henry  III.  He  is  called  by  historians  Leolinus  Magnus. 
He  began  his  reign,  1194;  died,  1240;  reigned  fifty-six  [forty- 
six]  years. 

Llewei,  or  Llewmei,  or  Llowmai  (n.  f.).  Llewei  ferch  Seith- 
wedd  {Tr,  64) ;  un  o'r  tair  gwrforwyn,  i.  e.,  hermaphrodite. 

Llew  Llawgyffes,  mentioned  Tr,  35 ;  in  a  battle  at  Llech 
Oronwy  in  Blaen  Cynfael,  Meirion  (TV.  77),  Llew  Llaw  Gyflfes 
and  Gwdyon  getting  names  and  arms  of  Ehiarot  y  Fram. 

Lleweni  Fawr  Ynghegengl  (n.  L). 

Llewon.  Caer  Llewon,  Holt,  Flintshire,  or  Castle  of  Lions, 
made  by  Juo.  Barlow  [Earl  ?]  Warren  and  William  his  soa  But  I 
think  this  is  rather  the  old  Caerlleon  Gawr,  or  Llewon  Gawr, 
which  Camden  has  kept  such  a  rout  about,  and  not  the  city  of 
Westchester,  which  I  take  to  be  a  later  thing,  and  perhaps  built 
by  the  Eomans. 

Lliana.     Llanlliana,  a  chapel  in  Mdn. 

LllAlWS  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  very  ancient  British  name.    Lliaws  mab 

Nwyfre  o  Arllechwedd  {Tr.  40),  father  of  Gwenwynwyn  and 

Gwanar. 

Rhag  colofn  Lliaws  maws  mab  Nwyfre. 

Prydydd  y  Moch,  i  Gr.  ap  Cyn.  ap  O.  Gwynedd. 
See  Choanar. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  273 

Llibio  Sant.     Llanllibio  Chapel,  Anglesey. 

Llieni.  Llanllieni,  the  town  of  Lemster  in  Herefordshire ;  in 
Latin,  Zeonminster  and  Leonis  Monasterium,  from  a  lion  that 
appeared  to  King  Merwald  in  a  vision,  and  upon  this  he  built  a 
nunnery.  (Leland,  Itin.,  MS.)  But  Camden  says  lianlieni  is  in 
British  a  church  of  nuns.  Some,  says  he,  derive  it  from  linum, 
flax,  the  best  kind  of  which  grows  there.  (Camden.)  It  is  true  that 
lleian  in  the  British  is  a  nun,  and  that  the  life  of  nuns  is  called 
lleianaeth ;  but  the  plural  of  lleian  is  lleianod,  and  not  lleiani ;  so 
this  etymology  goes  for  nothing.  To  derive  it  from  lliain,  linen 
cloth,  as  some  do,  is  as  little  to  the  purpose,  for  the  plural  of 
lliain  is  Uieiniau.  ^  We  have  Uanlliana  in  Anglesey,  a  chapel 
dedicated  to  St.  Iliana,  a  woman ;  but  as  the  Oney  river  falls 
into  the  Wye  at  Lemster,  might  it  not  have  been  LlanUiomoy, 
as  Llanllyfni,  Llangefni,  etc.,  have  their  names  from  rivers  ? 

Llienawg.  Aber  Llienawg  in  Anglesey,  a  castle  built  by 
Hugh  Earl  of  Chester  there.  {Camden,)     Rightly  Lleiniog,  qiL  ? 

Llienog',  father  of  Lloeger  and  Gwallog.  This  Lloeger  is  pro- 
bably the  same  name  with  the  Irish  Loegarius,  son  of  Neill 
Maighialach.     {Flalierty,  p.  394.) 

Llifon  or  Lliwon,  a  river  in  Anglesey,  whence  Cwmmwd 
Llifon  has  its  name.  Another  river  in  Caernarvonshire,  whence 
Glyn  Llifon  has  its  name.    Llivon  mentioned  by  Lly warch  Hen  : 

Pyll  wyn  pwyll  t&n  trwy  Livon. — LI.  Hen, 

Lligan  or  Llugan,  Llanllugan,  an  abbey,  once  in  the  diocese 
of  St.  Asaph,  deanery  of  Cedewain,  and  a  nunnery.  {B.  Willis.) 

Llion.  Caer  Llion,  a  market  town  on  the  river  Wysc  in  Mon- 
mouthshire, sixteen  miles  south-west  of  Monmouth.  Some  say 
it  is  called  so  from  a  legion  of  Roman  soldiers  placed  there. 
Nennius,  in  his  Catalogm,  hath  a  city  called  Caer  Legion,  to  dis- 
tinguish it,  I  suppose,  from  Caer  LUon,  The  poets  have  taken 
care  to  write  this  Caer  Llion,  and  not  Lleon. 

Am  fi  y  nhref  Gaerllion 
a'r  ford  gron. 

Tliis  CaerUion  was  the  seat  of  the  kings  of  Britain  when  they 
retreated  over  Severn,  it  being  a  city  vying  in  pride  for  lofty 
towers,  etc.,  with  Rome  itself,  as  Giraldus  Cambrensis  describes 

35 


274  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

it.    Here  was  the  Archbishop  of  Wales's  seat  till  it  was,  on 

account  of  the  wars,  removed  to  St.  David's,  and  then  Britany. 

Usher,  in  his  OatcUogue,  calls  it  Caerlleon  ar  Wysg ;  but  if  this 

city  and  Westchester  came  to  be  called  Caer  Legion  from  the 

Boman  legions  quartered  there,  why  are  not  all  the  Boman 

quaiters  called  so  ? 

The  British  writers  say  that  this  town  was  buUt  by  Beli  ap 

Dyfnwal,  and  called  Caerwysg ;  but  that  after  the  coming  of  the 

Romans,  because  they  quartered  there  in  the  winter,  it  was 

called  Caerlleon  ar  Wysg.     {Tyssilio  and  GcUfrid^    The  Legio 

Secunda  Augusta,  called  also  Britannica  Secunda,  were  quartered 

here.     (Camden.) 

Llio  (n.  pr.  f.). 

Llio  enrwallt  lliw  arian 

Ar  ikd  Llio  rboed  lloweth 

A  noblau  aur  yn  ei  bleth. — D,  Nantnor. 

Llivan.  Llyn  Llivan  (Tyssilio),  a  lake  in  Wales,  said  to  be 
near  the  banks  of  the  Severn,  which  on  the  flood  ebbs  or  swal- 
lows all  the  water  that  comes  into  it,  and  on  the  ebb-tide  vomits 
and  overflows  its  banks.  (Tyss.,  Brit.  MS,)  This  passage  is  iU 
translated  by  (xalfrid  and  Thompson. 

Lliw  and  Lyw  (fl.),  qu.  whether  Luguvallum  ? 

Pell  oddyman  Aber  Lliw. — Llywarch  Hen. 

Lliwelydd  (n.  pr.  v.).  Caer  Lliwelydd,  mentioned  in  Gor- 
hoffedd  Hywel  ap  Owain  Qwynedd. 

Arglwydd  nef  a  llawr  gwawr  Gwyndodydd 
Mor  bell  o  Geri  Gaer  Liwelydd. 

Qu.  whether  the  Caer  Ligualid  of  Nennius  (Cotton  copy)  ?  In 
the  Cambridge  copy,  Caer  Lualid.  Usher  makes  it  to  be  LtLgvr- 
vallia  or  Carlisle ;  but  this  is  not  in  the  Triades. 

Lliwer  ap  Llywarch  H6n.     {Llywarch  Eeri) 

Lliwon,  a  river. 

A  glan  llewod  Glyn  Lliwon.— TT.  LUyn, 
See  Llifon, 

Llobuw. 

Llocrin  Gawr,  Locrinus,  the  son  of  Brutus,  the  2nd  King  of 
Loegria. 


CELTIC  R  EMAINS.  275 

Lie  doe  ynoch  Hid  nnawr 
Llai  cr^nai  gas  Lloorin  Gawr. 

Thos.  Gwynedd^  i  Edwd.  Gmffjdd  o'r  Penrhyn. 
See  Lloegr. 

Lloddi,  qiL  whether  a  man's  name  ?  Marwnad  lago  ap  Lloddi. 
{Taliessin,  Arch.  BriL,  p.  256.) 

Lloegr,  England,  exclusive  of  Wales  and  Cornwall;  from 
Lloegrin.     Saxonum  regionem.     (E,  Lhvyd.) 

Er  ergrjd  angen  rhag  aughy  wir  Loegyr 
Ni  lygraf  fy  mawredd,  ni  ddihanaf  rianedd. 

Llywarch  Hen, 

Lloegb  ap  Llienog,  in  Zlyfr  Du  o  Gaerfyrddin.  (Arch,  Brit., 
p.  261.) 

Lloegrin  (n.  pr.  v.),  Locrinus,  the  2nd  King  of  Britain ; 
Lloorin  Gawr. 

Llobgrwys,  the  Loegrian  Britons ;  also  the  Saxons  since  in- 
habiting there. 

Yn  y  ddaw  Lloegrwys  drwy  Dren. — Llywarch  Hen. 

Llofan  (n.  pr.  v.).  Llofan  Llawdino  killed  Urien  ap  Cyn- 
farch.  (Tr.  38.)     See  Llawddiffro. 

Llofion  :  see  Llowion. 

Llogawd,  q.  d.  Lowgate,  in  Anglesey. 

Llongborth,  a  place  mentioned  in  Marwnad  Gereint  ab  Erbin 
by  Llywarch  Hen,  where  there  was  a  sea-fight  between  Gereint 
and  the  Saxons,  or  a  descent  by  sea,  and  where  Gereint  was 
killed.  Some  take  it  to  be  Llanborth  in  Cardiganshire  ;  but  a 
sea-fight  could  not  properly  be  there,  nor  Saxons  to  fight  with. 
Gereint  was  one  of  King  Arthur's  three  chief  admirals,  as 
appears  by  the  Triades ;  and  I  should  rather  think  this  Llong- 
borth to  be  Portsmouth,  or  some  such  great  seaport  in  the  pos- 
session of  the  Saxons,  where  a  descent  was  made  by  this  Gereint 
and  his  fleet,  for  the  battle  is  plainly  described  to  be  on  shore. 

Yd  Llongborth  gwelais  drablndd   . 

Ar  vain,  brain  ar  goladd 

Ag  ar  grann  cynrhan  madrudd. 

And  Gereint,  in  the  same  Marwnad,  is  said  to  be  of  Dyfnaint, 
i.  e.,  Devon  and  Cornwall. 


276  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Llongddin,  in  Latin  Longidinium,     {Edward  Llwyd) 

Lloniaw  Sant.     (B.  Willis)    His  church  at  Llanddinam. 

Llonio  ap  Alan  Ffrigan  ap  Eniyr  Llydaw. 

Llonwen,  or  Llofion,  or  Llonion  (n.  1.),  a  place  in  Peufro 
noted  for  barley. 

Llorien.  Bwlch  Llorien  mentioned  by  Llywarch  Hen,  where 
Llavur,  son  of  Llywarch  Hen,  was  buried.  Qu.  whether  Uoren 
on  the  borders  of  Montgomeryshire  ? 

Llowdden,  a  poet,  1450. 

Llowion,  Llofion,  or  Llonwen,  a  place  in  Pembrokeshire 
famous  for  barley.     {Tr.  30.) 

Llowni  (n.  1.). 

Lluarth.    Brjm  Liuarth. 

Pen  bryn  oun  iawn  dydd  yr  Ion 
Lluarth  gwell  na  Chaerlleon. 

Rhys  ap  Cynfrig  Qoch, 

Lludd  ap  Beli  Mawr,  the  71st  King  of  Britain,  just  before  the 
Roman  conquest,  whose  sons  being  under  age  on  Julius  Caesar's 
landing  here,  his  brother  Gaswallon  was  chosen  generalissimo  of 
the  British  forces.  Mr.  Camden  (in  Middlesex,  p.  312,  Gibson's 
edition)  calls  him  Luddus,  and  allows  Ludgate  to  have  been 
called  after  his  name.  But  he  often  allows  and  disallows  the 
same  thing.  One  of  the  ancient  names  of  London  is  Caerludd ; 
and  the  British  history  mentions  a  quarrel  between  his  brothers 
and  Lludd  for  changing  the  ancient  name  of  the  city. 

\^' Ludgate  (all  the  six  gates  of  London  then  standing)  h,  Liiddo 
rege,  omnium  antiquissima,  cujus  nomen  etiamnum  hodie,  supra 
portum  incisum  extat ;  sive  Flutgate  quorundam  opinione,  h,  flu- 
violo  subjecto  (ut  porta  Fluentana  Eomse)  nunc  k  regina  Elisa- 
beths renovata,  cujus  statua,  ab  altera  quoque  parte  videtur." 
{Itinerarium  Aiujlice,  scriptum  k  Paulo  Hentznero.  Breslae,  1627. 
Scriptum  a.d.  1^98.)— W.D,] 

Lluddycca  and  Lluddocca  ap  Tudur  Trefor.     (J.  D.) 

Lludlaw,  Llwdlo,  or  Llwydlaw,  Ludlow  in  Shropshire.  See 
Dineu, 

Llueddog  :  see  Elen  Lueddog. 

Llug,  a  river  which  runs  by  Presteign  and  Lemster  into  the 
Wye. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  277 

Llugan.     Ilanllugan  Yngbedewain. 

Llugwy  or  Lliqwy,  a  river  in  Anglesey,  and  a  gentleman's 
seat.  A  river  also  that  faUs  into  Dyfi  {k  lli  or  lliig  and  gvn/) ; 
from  Hug  and  2vy  {E,  Llwyd),  clear  water.  Hhos  Ligwy ;  Traeth 
Lligwy. 

JjLV^yLuna,  tlie  moon ;  in  Irish  luan ;  hence  a  woman's  name, 
Eiluned. 

Llundain  and  Llundein,  London ;  wrote  in  Triad  45  Llun- 
den,  q.  d.  Llongddin,  or  ship-fort ;  and  so  Llongborth,  port  of 
ships,  is  the  ancient  British  name  of  Portsmouth,  which  I  take 
to  be  the  Londinis  of  the  ancients  (though  I  know  Mr.  Edw. 
Ilwyd  and  Baxster  make  it  to  be  Lyme.)  The  Gaulish  name, 
Londres,  which  is  almost  literally  Zlongdref,  i,  e.,  town  of  ships, 
shews  it  also  to  be  of  that  original ;  and  nothing  more  plain  and 
strong  than  the  Londinium  of  Antoninus,  or,  as  it  is  in  the  Naples 
.MS.,  Longiduno,  which  is  literally  Llongddun  or  Llongddin.  In 
Nennius  it  is  called  Caire  Limden ;  in  the  Triades,  Caer  Liin- 
dein ;  by  Usher,  Caer  Ludd ;  the  Londonium  and  Longidiunum 
of  the  Romans.  Its  first  name  was  Tro  Newydd,  or  New  Troy ; 
and  the  inhabitants  were  called  by  the  Romans  Trinobantes ;  its 
next,  Caer  Beli  ap  Dyfnwal,  i.  e,,  the  City  of  Belius ;  its  next 
name,  Caer  Ludd,  the  City  of  Lludd ;  and  its  next,  Llongddin  or 
Llundain.  John  Major  says  the  Britons  call  it  Londonias ;  so 
little  did  this  Scotchman  know  of  our  British  history. 

Llwch,  a  lake,  and  in  the  Irish  lough;  used  in  Brecknock 
and  Caermarthenshire :  hence  came  the  name  of  Llwch  Tawe, 
Llwch  Sawdde,  Llw^ch  Cyhirych,  Llyn  LlanUwch  (qu.  Llawn- 
Uwch),  Tal  y  Llychau,  Llwch  Garmon. 

Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  calls  this  word  Gwyddelian  British ;  but 
this  word  doth  not  prove  that  the  Gwyddelian  and  the  present 
British  were  different  languages,  no  more  than  the  South  Wales 
and  the  North  Wales  people  speak  different  languages,  though 
the  names  of  some  things  are  different  among  them.  It  only 
shews  they  have  been  different  dominions,  and  that  each  prince 
chose  to  have  his  subjects  known  by  their  dialects,  when  at  the 
same  time  the  language  of  the  poets  was  the  same. 

Llwchaiarn  (n.  pr.  v.).  There  is  a  church  dedicated  to  a 
saint  of  this  name  in  the  commot  of  Cedewain,.  near  the  Severn, 


278  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

caUed  Llanllwchaiarn.  Sion  Keri,  a  poet  of  that  neighbourhood, 
who  flourished  about  the  year  1520,  wrote  a  cywydd  of  the 
legend  of  this  saint.    He  says  he  was  son  of  Cynvael : 

Mae  hap  canfod  mab  Cynvael ; 

and  that  he  was  cousin-german  of  Beuno : 

Gefnder  ith  rodder  o  thrig 
Beuno  dyfal  bendefig ; 

and  that  he  had  a  church  at  Llam  yr  Ewig ;  that  he  had  been  a 
bishop  and  a  soldier ;  and  that  he  was  an  abbot  of  a  bishoprick ; 
that  he  had  heard  the  sound  of  bells  at  the  place  where  he 
afterwards  built  his  church  and  monastery ;  that  he  made  him 
a  shirt  of  hair  which  he  wore  nine  months  and  nine  days,  pray- 
ing with  his  knees  on  the  blue  stone ;  and  that  there  he 
obtained  nine  petitions ;  that  the  men  and  castle  were  his : 

Dynion  da  dinad  oedd ; 
that  his  land  was  a  sanctuary  as  much  as  Tnjrs  Enlli : 

Seintwar  y  w  dy  ddaiar  di. 

In  regard  to  the  pronunciation  of  his  name  he  says, 

Llwchaiam  wynn  llawchwynn  wyd. 
Again: 

Gwellhaech  euog  Llwchaiam. 

He  also  mentions  some  dark  story  of  a  doe  that  leapt  into  a  pool, 
without  destroying  of  which  his  people  could  not  live. 

Ni  chaid  einioes  ich  dynion 
Heb  roi  owymp  ir  ewig  hon  ; 

and  there  is  a  parish  adjoining  called  Llam  yr  Ewig. 

Gair  aeih  draw  gwyrthiau  a  drig 

Lie  mawr  yw  Llam  yr  Ewig. — 8.  Keri. 

Llwch  Garmon,  Lacus  Garmon,  the  haven  of  Wexford ;  in 
Irish  called  Loch  Garmon.     (Ogi/gia,  p.  20.) 

Llwch  y  Lloi,  in  Irish  Loch  Zaigh,  i,  e.,  Vituli  Lacus ;  a  lake 
in  Ulster  in  Ireland. 

Llwg,  qu.  whether  a  river  ?  Gwaunllwg  and  Gwenllwg  in 
Glamorganshire.     See  Owentlhvg, 

Llwyd,  in  the  surnames  of  men  and  names  [of  places],  signifies 
fjrey  colowT.  Gwr  Llwyd  (literally  a  grey  man)  also  signifies  a  vassal 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  279 

or  tenant,  or  one  of  the  commonalty  poorly  diessed  in  grey,  and 
that  is  not  a  gentleman ;  and  it  is  probable  that  Levdis,  LeudvSy 
and  Zeodis,  among  the  French  and  Saxon  writers,  which  meant 
the  same  thing,  came  from  this,  as  also  the  Saxon  lawt  or  lorUe, 
a  rustic  fellow ;  and  the  passage  in  Chaucer  of  a  leud  man  must 
be  so  understood : 

Blessed  be  the  leiid  man 

That  nought  save  his  belief  can ; 

i.  e.,  an  illiterate,  simple,  poor  countryman  that  doth  not  trouble 
himself  with  disputes  about  religion,  and  knows  nothing  but  his 
creed.  I  know  some  learned  men  (Burton,  etc.)  urge  against 
the  authority  of  the  British  History,  which  says  that  Ludgate 
was  so  called  from  Lludd,  a  king  of  Britain ;  but  that  Ludgate 
was  so  called  because  it  was  Leodgate,  the  people's  gate,  for  that 
lead  in  Saxon  signifies  the  people.  Is  not  this  stretching  hard, 
and  drawing  language  and  sense  by  the  hair  of  the  head  to  be  an 
evidence  against  an  ancient  national  history  that  positively  says 
it  was  so  called  from  liudd  ?  And  without  any  one  author  in 
the  world  to  back  this  evidence,  or  even  common  sense,  for  was 
there  ever  heard  of  a  gate  of  a  city  that  was  not  the  people's 
gate  ?  But  if  these  hot-headed  authors  were  only  to  consider 
that  London  had  its  walls  and  gates  before  the  Saxons  or  Saxon 
language  had  anything  to  do  with  giving  names  to  gates  there, 
it  would  save  these  kinds  of  lame  guesses. 

Llwyd  is  also  used  in  cognomens:  Llyr  Llwyd;  lorwerth 
Fynglwyd.  In  family  surnames:  Edward  Llwyd;  Humphrey 
Llwyd ;  and  by  corruption  and  pride  wrote  Lloyd,  Loyde,  Floyd, 
and  Flyde.  Ithel  Llwyd  ap  Ithel  Gethin;  Dafydd  Llwyd. 
Places :  y  Berth  Lwyd ;  Cae  llwyd ;  Caer  Lwydcoed  {Tyssilio) ; 
Llwydiarth ;  y  Ty  Llwyd ;  y  Cefn  Llwyd ;  y  Bryn  Llwyd ;  Cil 
Manllwyd ;  y  Greiglwyd ;  y  Garreglwyd,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Llwydiabth  or  Llwyddlajith,  enw  Ue  ym  Mon  ag  yn  Meir-. 
ionydd  [Nhrefaldwyn —  W.  D.] ;  q.  d.  Garth  Lwyd. 

Llwydion  Sant.  The  church  of  Heneglwys  dedicated  to  Sant 
or  Saint  Llwydion. 

Llwyddog  :  see  Elen  Lwyddog. 

Llwtn,  literally  a  bush  or  grove,  is  put  to  the  names  of  several 
places  in  Britain ;  as,  Trysglwyn ;   Llwyn  Gwryl ;   Uwyn  y 


1 


280  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Graws;  Llwyn  lorwerth;  Llwyn  y  Piod;  Ilwyn  Dyrys;  y 
Llwyn  Glas;  Derlwyn;  Llwyn  y  Maen;  Llwyn  Gronwy; 
Llwyn  y  Gog ;  Llwyn  Arth ;  Llwyn  Melyn,  a  gentleman's  seat ; 
Dyryslwjm;  Derwlwyn,  a  gentleman's  seat;  Llwyn  Deri,  a 
gentleman's  seat ;  Llwyn  Dafydd ;  Llwyn  y  Chwilbo. 

Llwyn  y  Cnottiau,  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J.  D)    Lloyd. 

Llwyn  Dafydd.  Gwaith  Llwyn  Dafydd,  a  place  in  Cardi- 
ganshire.    (J),  ap  leuan  Du.) 

Llwyn  Dolwen,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J,  B.) 

Llwyn  Dyrys,  in  Egremond,  Penbrokeshire. 

Llwyn  Egryn,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Mouldale.  (</.  D.)  See 
Hanegryn. 

Llwyn  Gwern,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Meirion. 

Llwythlawb,  an  abbey  whose  abbot,  Gwrgene,  was  killed  by 
Cynan  ab  Owen  Gwynedd,  A.D.  1168. 

Llwythonwg  (n.  loci),    i.  GL  Oothi. 

Llwyvain.  Gwaith  Argoed  Llwyfain,  a  battle  fought  between 
Hamddwyn,  the  Saxon  general,  and  Urien  Beged,  King  of  Cum- 
bria, with  his  auxiliary,  Ceneu  ap  Coel,  who  led  the  northern 
men,  and  Owein  ap  Urien,  who  was  Urien's  general,  where 
Urien  obtained  the  victory.  Llywelyn  ap  lorwerth  fought  a 
battle  at  this  place  too.     {Einion  ap  Gwgan,) 

A  mi  ddisgoganaf  cad  Coed  Llwyfain. — Myrddin, 

Llychlyn,  the  Baltic  Sea. 

Llychlynwyr,  Danes,  Norwegians,  Normans,  and  all  nations 
that  bordered  on  the  Baltic.  Gwyr  Llychlyn  Ddu,  which  the 
Irish  called  Dubh  Lochlonnach,  the  black  nation  or  black  Loch- 
lin  men ;  and  Ffion  Lochlonnach  (Finlochlunion),  or  white 
Lochlin  men,  people  of  Finland.  All  these  nations  were  by  the 
Britons  called  Llychlynwyr  and  Nortmyn. 

Beth  OS  daw  heibiaw  hebom 
I'r  Traeth  Coch  lynges  droch  drom  ? 
Pwy  a  ludd  werin,  pwl  ym, 
Llychlyn  a'n  bwyall  awchlym  P 

Marumad  Tudur  ap  Gronwy. 

In  the  year  987  these  Danes  came  and  destroyed  the  religious 
houses  in  South  Wales,  and  to  get  rid  of  them  Meredudd  ap  Owain 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  281 

ap  H.  Dda  was  obliged  to  pay  them  a  penny  for  every  man 
within  his  land,  which  was  called  the  tribute  of  the  Black  Army. 
(Carddoc,  p.  71.) 

Llychwael  ap  Bran  ap  Prydu. 

Llychwr  [Leucarum,  is  in  Glamorgan,  east  of  Uychwr  river, 
and  called  Castell  Llychwr,  a  borough  town — /.  Jf.],  a  river  in 
Caermarthenshire  (the  Leucarum  of  the  Romans,  qu.  ?);  in  Eng- 
lish, Loghor.  It  falls  into  the  sea  at  Bury,  near  Worme's  Head. 
Aberllychwr. 

Llydanwtn.    Elidir  Lydanwyn. 

Llydaw  (old  orthography,  Uedaw),  the  country  of  Armorica 
in  France,  part  of  which  now  called  Little  Britain,  called  in  the 
Gaulish  tongue  Ar  y  Mor  Ucha,  i.  e,,  on  the  upper  sea.  H.  Llwyd 
says  it  was  called  Llydaw  quasi  Litoris  Gallicani  regio.  (JBrit. 
De&cr.,  p.  14  ed.  1731.)  But  is  it  not  more  probable  that  it  was 
so  called  by  the  insular  Britons  in  their  dialect  for  the  same 
reason  as  the  Gauls  called  it  Ar  y  Mor  Ucha,  from  Lied  and  aw, 
Lledaw,  i.  e,,  on  the  water-side  ?    Hence  litua,  the  sea-shore. 

There  are  different  opinions  about  the  time  the  colony  of 
insular  Britons  first  settled  there.  Radulph  Niger  says  in  the 
time  of  Constautius  Chlorus ;  William  of  Malmsbury  says  it 
was  in  the  time  of  his  son,  Constantine  the  Great ;  Nennius  and 
Tyssilio  say  it  was  in  the  time  of  Maximus  the  Tyrant ;  but  the 
French  writers  and  some  English  will  not  allow  them  to  be 
ancienter  than  the  time  of  Childeric,  which  waa  after  the  Saxons 
came  into  Britain.  All  these  might  be  true  as  to  colonies  going 
there  at  these  different  times,  though  the  first  might  settle 
there  among  the  old  Gauls  in  Constantius*  time.  Vertot  labours 
hard  to  invalidate  all  but  that  after  the  Saxons'  coming. 

0  Lydaw  o  draw  o  drwy  mor  Hafren 
Hyfriw  ei  beleidr  ymhorthaethwy. 

Prydydd  y  Moch,  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Llydaweg,  lingiui  Armorica. 

TuLYFENi  or  Lleveni  (fl.) ;  hence  Aber  Lleveni  in  Meirion ; 

perhaps  LlwyfenL 

Llyfnant  river,  or  Llyfnnant,  or  Llifnant,  the  boundary 
between  Cardiganshire  and  Montgomeryshire,  faUs  into  Dyfi 

river. 

36 


282  CELTIC  BEMAINS. 

Llyfni  (fL),  in  Caernarvonshire  [and  in  Glamorgan — L  -Ml], 
at  Llanllyfni,  a  church  and  parish.  Another  that  falls  into  the 
Wye,  which  Camden  calls  Ueweny,  and  thinks  the  city  Loven- 
tium  was  where  Llyn  Savathan  is. 

Llofn  anr  ynglan  Llyfni  wyd^. 

Hywel  Bafi^  i  Ph.  Thomas  o  Langoed. 

Llypfant  (Ffynnon  y),  a  lake  in  Eryri. 

Llygad  Gwr,  a  poet  of  Edeimion.     {Manimad  Trdhaem,) 

Llygliw.    Einion  Vychan  ap  Einion  Lygliw. 

Llygod  (Ynys),  an  island  near  Anglesey,  where  monks 
resided  who  were  kept  in  order  by  mice. 

Llyn.  Caer  Llyn  (Triade») ;  qu.  whether  Luncaster,  from 
Lune  river,  now  Lancaster,  which  some  write  Longcaster.  See 
Lleyn, 

Llyn  Archaeddon,  a  small  lake  on  the  top  of  Bodavon 
Mountain  in  Anglesey. 

Rhed  uwch  Llyn  i'w  herbyn  hi 
Archaeddon,  eiriach  weiddi. — D,  ap  Edmund. 

One  would  suspect  that  this  mountain  was  anciently  called 
Mynydd  Bodaeddon,  and  not  Bodavon,  but  that  the  same  writer 
says 

Dyfal  yngwern  Bodavon. 
See  Aeddon  and  Treaeddon, 

Llyn  Cawellyn,  a  lake  in  Eryri. 

Llyn  Crafnant,  a  lake  in  Eryri. 

Llyn  Decwyn  Uchaf,  in  Meirion ;  a  town  swallowed  up. 

Llyn  Dulyn,  a  lake  in  Eryri 

Llyn  y  Dywarchen,  a  lake  in  Eryri. 

Llyn  Eigiau,  a  lake  in  Eryri 

Llynghedwy  ap  Llywarch  Hen. 

Llynghesawl  Llaw  Hael,  father  of  Treul  Difefyl.  {Triad. 
No.  5.) 

Llyngwyn  (Y),  a  pool  in  Radnorshire,  where  tradition  says  a 
town  was  swallowed  up. 

Llyn  Llanllwch,  in  Caermarthenshire,  where  tradition  says 
a  town  was  i^wallowed  up. 

Llynlleodd  or  Llynllo,  a  place  near  Machynllaeth ;  perhaps 
Llyrdlaeth :  as  Cynllaeth,  Ystum  Llaeth. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  283 

Lltn  Lltdaw,  a  lake  in  Eryri ;  q.  d.  Ilwydaw. 

Llyn  Llynclys,  in  Shropshire  [near  Oswestry —  W,  D.];  a  town 
swallowed  up. 

Llynon,  a  house  near  Uanddeusant  in  Anglesey,  named  from 
a  lake  Llyn  Onn,  q.  d.  Ash  PooL 

Llyn  Peris,  a  lake  in  Eryri  [near  Llanberis. —  W.  2?.]. 

Llyn  Tegid,  a  lake  near  Bala  in  Meirionyddshire,  called  in 
English  Pimble  Mear,  and  by  Mr,  Camden  corruptly  Plenlyn 
Mear,  for  Penllyn  Mear,  it  lying  in  Penllyn,  one  of  three  can- 
trefs  of  Meirionydd,  which  took  its  name  from  the  pooL  Mr. 
Charles  Edwards,  in  Hanes  y  Ffydd^  fancies  it  sounds  like  the 
Greek  words  Zimne  Gataigidos. 

The  river  Dee  runs  into  it,  and  retains  its  name  on  a  water 
that  comes  out  of  it ;  but  I  cannot  answer  for  what  Mr.  Camden 
says,  that  it  passes  through  it  entirely  and  immixed,  carrying 
out  the  same  quantity  of  water  it  brought  in.  If  Jeffrey  of 
Monmouth  had  made  such  a  blundering  puff  as  this,  he  would 
have  been  knocked  in  the  head  for  it  by  Mr.  Camden.  The 
lake  is  about  three  miles  long,  and  about  a  mile  broad ;  and 
you  may  judge  whether  a  small  river  of  three  or  four  yards 
wide  can  pass  through  all  that  water  without  mixing  with  it. 
The  river  Ex  in  Devonshire  may  as  easily  run  over  to  Normandy 
without  mixing  with  the  sea. 

Llyn  Teirn,  a  lake  in  Eryri. 

Llymonyw.  Llyn  Llymonyw  (Tyssilio) ;  probably  a  mistake 
for  Llymonwy  (perhaps  Lomond  Lake  in  Scotland).  It  is  said 
in  that  MS.  to  have  in  it  sixty  islands,  and  sixty  rivers  ran  into 
it,  and  it  had  sixty  rocks  with  eagles'  nests  in  them.  Here  King 
Arthur  besieged  the  Picts  and  Scots  who  had  fled  there  after  a 
defeat,  and  starved  them,  so  that  the  clergy  of  Scotland  came 
and  petitioned  him  to  save  their  lives. 

This  river  gives  name,  in  Latin,  to  Levinia,  contr.  Lennos 
and  Lenox,  near  Dunbritton,  and  is  called  bx  the  natives  Lea- 
vuin  {Ogygia,  p.  383),  as  if  you  would  say  Llifwyn,  i.  e,,  white 
flood ;  but  probably  Llymonwy  is  the  right  name,  as  rising  from 
a  mountain  called  Llumon,  if  it  doth.     One  river  runs  out  of  it. 

Llyr  (nom.  prop.  viri). 

Llyr,  the  10th  King  of  Britain ;  lience  Caer  Lyr,  Leirchester. 
He  is  Latinized  Leirus,  qu.  ?     The  father  of  Bendigaid  Fran. 


2S4  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Llyk  ap  Brycliwel  Powys. 

Llyr  Llediaith,  father  of  Manawydan,  {Tr.  14  and  50.)  See 
Sranwen, 

Llyr  Llwyd  and  Llyr  Merini  ap  Einion  Yrth. 

Llyr  Llyddawc,  one  of  the  three  knights  of  war.     {Tr,  23.) 

Llyr  Merini  (n.  pr,  v.).     Tr.  69. 

Llyr,  a  river  in  Cardiganshire  (K  Lhvyd),  qu.  ? 

Llyr,  the  sea.  *  Mr.  Edw.  Llwyd  says  that  Ihjr,  mar,  mSr,  and 
mdr,  signified  anciently  water  as  well  as  sea,  whence  Llyr  and 
Leri  in  Cardiganshire,  and  Loire  in  France.  {Letter  to  Nicolson,) 
There  is  no  manner  of  reason  to  derive  the  name  of  Leri  from 
water,  no  more  than  any  other  river.  The  word  was  wrote 
anciently  Eleri,  and  the  harbour  on  the  mouth  of  it,  Abereleri ; 
a  gentleman's  seat  on  it,  Glan  Eleri.  So  some  other  more  rational 
derivation  must  be  found.  See  £leri,  Llyr  river  might  have 
its  name  from  a  man,  as  there  were  men  of  that  name,  as  wo 
know  several  rivers  have,  as  Meurig,  Einion. 

Dyr  signified  also  the  sea  in  the  time  of  Myrddin  Wyllt,  about 
AD.  570,  who  says  in  his  Hoiane, 

Er  gwaith  Arderydd  mi  ni'm  dorbi 
Cyn  syrthiai  awyr  i  lawr  Llyr  Enlli. 

A  nunnery  at  Llan  Llyr  (Cywydd  i  ofyn  Ab  gan  Th...  dros 
Annes,  Abades  Llan  Llyr).   {fftiw  Cae  Llwyd.) 

D4m  Annas  sy^n  dymunaw,  etc. 
See  Mdr. 

Llys,  a  palace,  court,  hall ;  used  *  in  composition  of  names :  y 
Gadlys,  in  Anglesey ;  yr  Henllys,  in  Anglesey,  a  gentleman's 
seat, — Jones;  Llys  Ednywain  ap  Bradwen;  Llys  Maelgwn;  Llys 
Mathravel;  Dysdin  Hunydd,  in  Tegengl;  Llyssin,  in  Powys; 
Llys  Maes  yr  Henllys,  in  Llangerniw. 

Llys  y  Cul,  in  lai,  a  township.    (.7;  D.) 

Llys  Dulas,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Anglesey ;  qu.  whose  llys 
anciently  ? 

Llys  Elis  ap  Glanmor,  near  Conwy,  on  Lavan  Sands,  over- 
flown by  the  sea,  a9  tradition  has  it,  and  buildings  are  pretended 
to  have  been  seen  under  water. 

Llysfaen,  a  parish  and  church  in  Caernarvonshire,  part  of 
Ehos  deanery,  in  Denbighshire,  dedicated  to  St.  Cynfran.     {Dr. 


CBLTIO  REMAINS.  285 

PaweL)  [«  Ehad  Duw  a  Chynfran  Iwyd  ftr  y  da/'  etc.—  W.  D.] 
[Llysfaen,  a  parish  and  church  in  Glamorgan,  where  lived  the 
ancestors  of  Oliver  Cromwell. — I.  M.] 

Llysfasi,  a  gentleman's  seat  near  Euthyn. 

Llys  Llivon,  in  Anglesey,  the  seat  of  Hwva  ap  Cynddelw. 
(J.  D.) 

Llys  yn  Llundain  (Y),  the  king's  palace  in  London. 

Gfelyn  traws  ryfel  tros  Bafain  yd  wys 

Tros  y  Llys  yn  Llandain. — CynddelWy  i  Yw.  Cyfeiliog. 

Llyswynaf,  q.  d.  Llys  Wynaf,  a  cantref  of  Powys  Wenwyn- 
wyn  containing  the  commots  of  Caereinion  and  Mechain  uwch 
Coed.    Qu.  whether  hence  Gorsedd  Orwynion  ?  {Llywarch  Hen,) 

Llyssyn,  a  place  in  Powys  mentioned  in  the  9th  battle  of 
Llywelyn  ap  lorwerth.     See  Cylck  Llywelyn. 

Pebyllwys  fy  lly  w  yn  Llyssyn  dref  fad 
Am  drefred  Wenwynwyn 
Clawr  Powys,  etc. 

Llyw,  a  river  that  falls  into  the  Llychwr  at  Loghor  town. 
This,  I  suppose,  was  Llywarch  Hen's  Aberily w,  the  British  name 
of  Leucarum.    Another  Llyw  [falls]  into  Llyn  Tegid. 

Llywarch  ap  Bran,  lord  of  Cwmmwd  Menai  in  Anglesey,  one 
of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales,  lived  in  Porth  Amal. 
{Mon,  Ant,  p.  130, 131.)  Bore  argent,  o,  cheveron  sable  between 
three  rooks  with  ermine  in  their  bills. 

Llywarch  Goch. 

Llywarch  Hen  (Lat.  Lomarehus)  ab  Elidir  Lydanwyn  ap 
Meirchion  ab  Grwst  ab  Ceneu  ap  Coel  Godebog.  (Archceol,  Brit., 
p.  259.)  In  the  genealogical  tables,  Llywarch  Hen  ap  Elidir 
Lydanwyn  ab  Meirchion  Gul  ab  Grwst  Ledlwm  ap  Edeyrn  ab 
Padarn  Beisrudd  ab  Cenau  ab  Coel  Godebog.  A  Prince  of 
North  Britain  (Cumberland,  says  E.  Llwyd),  an  excellent  poet, 
and  a  great  soldier,  one  of  King  Arthur's  chief  counsellors.  {Tr,) 
He  had  twenty-four  sons,  and  all  of  them  killed  in  the  wars 
with  the  Irish,  Saxons,  and  Picts,  and  in  the  civil  wars  among 
the  Britons  themselves.  He  was  buried  at  Llanfor,  near  Bala, 
where  there  is  in  the  window  of  the  church  a  stone  with  an 
inscription  (/.  P,  P.).  Few  Princes  besides  him  and  Howel  ap 
Owain  Gwynedd  have  described  their  own  wars  in  versa     He 


286  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

was  old  in  the  time  of  King  Arthur,  and  had  been  drove  out  of 
his  country  by  the  Saxons.  Some  make  him  a  Cumbrian  Prince. 
D.  Jo.  says,  "  0  dyedd  Scotland^',  and  that  five  of  his  sons  had 
gained  the  gold  chain,  the  torques, "  Pump  o  honynt  yn  aurdorch- 
awg.'' 

Llywarch  Hen's  sons  kiUed  in  the  Saxon  wars  [mentioned]  in 
his  poem :  Gw6n,  PyU,  Selyf,  Sandde,  Maen,  Madog,  Medel  or 
Meddel,  Heilyn,  llawr  or  Llafur,  Lliwer,  Sawyl,  Ilyngheddwy 
or  Uygedwy,  and  GwSU.  He  had  also  CenUug,  Llawenydd, 
Cenau,  Urien,  Nudd,  Deigr,  Gorwynion,  Dilig,  Nefydd,  Diwg, 
Mychydd ;  and  three  daughters,  Ehyell,  Cainfron,  and  Ehagaw. 

Lljrwarch  Hen,  un  o'r  tri  thrwyddedawg  ag  anfoddawg  (Tr.  71); 
un  o'r  tri  Uedd  unben  {Tr,  14) ;  Cynghoriad  farchog.  (Tr,  86.) 

Llywarch  Howlbwrch. 

Llyth.    Deinis  Lyth  ap  Cadwr. 

Llyth  Haiarn.     Ilanllythaiarn,  plwy ;  vulgo  Uychaiam. 

Llywel,  Brecknockshire,  qu.  river  ?  Blaen  Llywel.  Selydach 
in  Llywel.     Trecastell  in  Llywel.     Fairs  kept  there. 

Llyweni,  a  place  in  Denbighshire. 

Lie  mae  gyda  Hew  ai  medd 

Llyweni  a  hoU  Wynedd. — D,  ap  Edmwnd. 

Llywri  ap  Cynan  Cilcelph. 
Llywyn  Sant  o  Lydaw. 

M. 

Mabedryd,  where  Llywelyn  ap  Torwerth  came  with  an  army 
against  W.  Marshal,.  Earl  of  Pembroke.  Caermarddensliire,  qu.? 
(Powel,  Oaradoc,  p.  283.) 

Mabgla  or  Mapglaf  ap  Llywarch,  qu.  ? 

Mabinogi  [pL  -ion —  PT.  D.],  the  name  of  an  ancient  MS.  of 
British  history  once  in  Hengwrt  Library ;  quoted  by  Mr.  Eobert 
Vaughan  in  British  Antiquities,  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  mentions 
a  British  romance  under  this  title.     (ArcL  Brit,  p.  262.) 

Mabli  verch  Davydd  Llwyd  ap  Howel. 

Mabon  (n.  pr.  v.).     Llanvabon  in  Glamorganshire. 

Mabon  o'r  Creuddyn. 

Mabon  ap  Dewenhen,  the  husband  of  the  chaste  Emerchret. 
{Tr.  55.) 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  287 

Mabon  ap  Tegonwy. 

Mabwynion,  a  lordship  or  manor  in  Ceredigion.  The  castle 
is  called  in  Powel's  Caradoc  the  Castle  of  the  Sons  of  Winnion, 
which  is  a  mistake. 

Mawr  a  wnaf,  myn  Mair  a  Non, 

0  Bennardd  a  Mabwynion. — Veio  ap  leuan  Du. 

Mabwys,  a  house  in  Ceretica. 

Machawt,  a  river  in  Brecknockshire,  falls  into  Gwy.  Here 
a  great  battle  was  fought,  a.d.  1145,  called  Gwaith  Machawy, 
between  Gr.  ap  Llewelyn  and  Eandulph  Earl  of  Hereford,  and 
the.  English  Bishop  was  killed  by  Llewelyn. 

A  mi  ddisgoganaf  Gwaith  Machawy 
Adfydd  geloraa  rhadd  yn  rhiw  dydmwy. 

Hoiane  Myrddin. 
See  Gwaith  Machawy  and  Bachwy. 

Mache,  a  parish,  Monmouthshire,  qu.  ?  [Machen  or  Mechain. 
The  inhabitants  always  say  Mechain. — I.  M.] 

Machno,  a  river :  hence  Penmachno.     See  Zledr. 

Macheaeth  or  Machreth.  Llanvachraeth  in  Mon  and 
Meirion.    Lat  Macaritvs,  qu.  ? 

Machutus  or  Mechell  Sant.  Llanvechell  in  Anglesey.  His 
life  is  in  John  of  Tinmouth,  the  Libr.  of  Fleury,  etc.  Machutus 
or  Maclou  was  80,n  of  Went,  a  noble  Briton,  by  his  wife  Arwela, 
sister  to  Amon,  the  father  to  St.  Sampson  and  to  Umbravel,  the 
father  of  St.  Maglorius,  born  in  the  vale  of  Llancarvan  in  Gla- 
morganshire, in  the  church  of  the  Monastery  of  St.  Cadoc,  where 
the  Abbot  St.  Brendan  presided,  who,  after  he  had  brought  him 
up,  ordained  him  priest.  Hence  he  passed  over  to  Armorica, 
and  turned  hermit.  ludicael.  King  of  Armorica,  forced  him  to 
be  Bishop  of  Aleth,  the  see  of  which,  from  his  name,  was  called 
St.  Malo.  Here  he  was  Bishop  forty  years,  and  worked  miracles. 
A  party  rising  against  him,  he  was  obliged  to  retire  to  Aquitain, 
to  Bishop  Leontius  of  Saintes,  and  there  remained  seven 
years.  He  excommunicated  the  people  of  Aleth,  and  they  had 
no  rain,  and  famine  followed  the  drowth.  They  repented,  and 
called  him  home;  and  as  soon  as  he  entered  the  land  he  brought 
them  rain,  etc.    He  went  to  Bishop  Leontius  to  end  his  days. 


288  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

where  he  died  A.D.  630,  about  130  year  old.  (Brit.  Sand,,  Nov. 
15.) 

In  the  churchyard  of  Penrhos  Iligwy,  in  Anglesey,  there  is  a 
stone  with  this  inscription:  Hic  lACiT  macvtvs  ecceti,  which 
some  think  is  the  grave  of  this  saint.  (Mona  Antigua.)  So  that 
it  seems  our  Anglesey  Macutus,  to  whom  the  church  of  Uan- 
vechell  is  dedicated,  was  not  Machutus,  Bishop  of  St.  Malo. 

Machynllaeth,  a  town  and  church  in  Montgomeryshire,  in 
the  lordship  of  Cynllaeth  (q.  d.  Bach  Cynllaeth),  one  of  the 
parishes  of  the  deanery  of  Cyfeiliog.  It  is  probable  the  river 
Dyfi  was  anciently  called  Uaeth  (milk),  as  it  should  seem  by 
the  Cynllaeth,  and  the  name  of  a  curve  of  that  river,  Carreg 
Ysium  Llaeth.  The  town  is  situated  near  the  river  Dyfi  (Dovey). 
Camden  thinks  it  to  be  the  Maglona  of  the  Eomans,  where, 
under  the  Emperor  Theodosius  the  Younger,  the  prafect  of  the 
Solensians  lay  in  garrison  under  the  Dux  BHtannice, 

Macmorwch,  the  name  of  an  Irish  prince  or  general  men- 
tioned by  lolo  Goch,  a.d.  1400. 

QvtVLK  fwysmanfi-  bid  trychant  trwch 
Maccwy  mawr  a  Macmorwch. 

lolo  Ooch,  i  Syr  Roger  Mortimer,  E.  of  March. 

Macsen  Wledig,  the  Olst  King  of  Britain.  This  is  Maxi- 
mus  the  Emperor,  or  Maximinianus. 

Cywlad  loes  moes  Maxsen. 

CynddelWf  i  Yw.  Cyfeiliog. 

Mad. 

Madle,  Bewdley.  Madle,  i,  e..  Bonus  locus.  (  Vita  Sti  David. 
Ep.  Menev.) 

Madog  or  Madoo  (n.  pr.  v.),  from  mdrf,  good,i.e.,  goodly.  Seve- 
ral noted  Britons  in  history  of  this  name.  Allt  Vadog ;  Gelli 
Vadog,  etc. 

Madog  Gloddaith. 

Madog  o'r  Hendwr. 

Madog  ap  Idnerth  died  a.d.  1148. 

Madoc  ap  Doegrin  was  the  3rd  King  of  Brutus'  race,  accord- 
ing to  Tyssilio. 

Madog  Mm,  a  Bishop  of  Bangor,  who  betrayed  Llewelyn  ap 
Gruffydd  into  the  hands  of  his  enemies  at  Buellt.    ( W.  J.  M3S. 

1  Ambushment. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  289 

at  Earl  of  Macclesfield.)     But  Einiavm  was  that  year  Bishop  of 
Bangor.     {B.  Willis.) 

Madog  ap  Mredydd  ap  Bleddyn,  King  of  Povrys,  died  A.D.  1160. 

Madog  ap  Owen  Gwynedd,  1169. 

Madoc  ap  Uthur,  brother  of  King  Arthur.     (TV.  82.) 

Madogion,  the  people  and  land  of  Madog.  The  tejaants  or 
slaves  were  as  much  a  freehold  as  the  lands.  {Gwelygorddau 
Fovyys,) 

Madogyn  (dim.  k  Madog),  Gwridyn  ap  Madogyn.  Ty  Wridyn 
ap  Madogyn,  a  place  in  Anglesey. 

Madren  verch  Gothevyr  Frenin ;  in  another  place  it  is  Gwr- 
theym  Frenin. 

Madrin  or  Madryn,  a  gentleman's  seat  near  Cam  Madrin  in 
Lleyn.  Wm.  Bodvel,  Esq.  Q.  d.  Madfryn,  i.  <j.,  Good  Hill. 
Hinc  John  Madrun. 

Ma£D,  or  perhaps  M^d  (fl.) ;  hence  Abermaed  in  Ceretica,  a 
house  on  the  fall  of  Mad  into  Ystwyth. 

Mael  (n.  .pr.  v.),  brother  of  MembjT,  King  of  Britain.  In 
names  of  places :  Gwrthmael,  a  gentleman's  seat ;  Brychfael ; 
Dinmael ;  Cynmael  or  Qinmael ;  Maelienydd, 

Mael,  lord  of  Maelienydd ;  called  also  Mael  Maelienydd  ap 
Cadfael  ap  Clydawc  ap  Cadell  ap  Ehodri  Mawr.  («/.  D,,  Geneal.) 

Mael  ap  Bleddyn  o  Feirionydd.  [M8)    Hence  Maelienydd. 

Mael  o  Lydaw.         '^ 

Maeldaf  (n.  pr.  v.) :  see  Traeth  Maelgvm. 

Maelderw  (n.  pr.  v.).  Gwarchan  Maelderw  o  waith  Taliessin. 
The  same  with  Derfael.     (JE.  Llwyd.) 

Maeleri,  base  son  to  Ywain  Cyfeiliog,  lord  of  Llannerch 
Hudol  and  Broniarth.     (/.  D) 

Maelgan  Sant  (neu  Baglan  or  Maglan)  Ynghoedalun. 

Maelgwn  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  Latinized  Maelocunus  ;  corruptly  Mag- 
locunus ;  id.  quod  Cynfael.     (E.  Llwyd) 

Maelgwn  Gwynedd  ap  Cadwallon  Law  Hir  ap  Einion  Yrth 
ap  Cunedda  Wledig.  Maelgwn  was  first  a  Prince  of  Gwynedd, 
and  afterwards  the  104th  King  of  Britain.  He  is,  for  his  great 
valour,  called  by  Gildas  the  Island  Dragon.  That  angry  monk 
could  not  aflTord  him  a  good  word,  for  Maelgwn  held  the  crown 
as   next   relation  to  Arthur;   but  Gildas  was  son  of  Caw  o 

37 


290  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Brydyn  (i.  c,  Scotland) ;  and  Medrod's  sons,  who  were  slain 
before  the  altar  by  Constantine  of  Cornwall,  were  Gildas' 
nephews ;  and  no  wonder  he  scolds  and  abuses  the  other  party 
which  prevailed.  In  this  Prince's  time  the  famous  poets  Talies- 
sin  and  Myrddin  WyUt  flourished.  In  Latin  he  is  called  Mal- 
gunus  Gwynedus,  Malgunus,  Malgonus,  Maglocunus,  Malgon, 
Mailgunus,  Mailgon,  Mailcunus  Magnus  (Nennius),  Malconus 
Magnus  in  Vita  S,  Caiod.     (JR.  Vaicgfian.) 

There  are  also  mentioned  in  Nennius  some  names  of  persons 
cotemporary  with  Maelgwn,  who  it  is  impossible  to  make  out, 
having  been  botched  by  transcribers ;  such  as  Dutigern,  who 
stoutly  fought  the  Saxons ;  and  of  poets, — Talhaern  Tatanguen, 
Naieuin  (Aneurin),  Taliessin,  Bluchbar,  Cian  or  Gueinth  Guaut 
(Gweydd  Gwawd). 

Maelgwyn,  or  rather  Maelgwn. 

Maelgtnig,  belonging  to  Maelgwn.     (Breiniau  Potays,) 

Galchaidd  en  caeroedd  cylchwy  Maelgynig. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Maelienydd  or  Melienydd,  and  by  English  writers  Melien- 
yth  (so  called  from  Mael  ap  Bleddyn),  one  of  the  four  cantrefs 
between  the  Wye  and  the  Severn,  formerly  belonging  to  Math- 
rafael  or  the  Principality  of  Powys,  containing  the  commots  of 
Ceri,  Swydd  y  Gro,  Rhiwalallt,  and  Glyn  leithon.  (Price's  Descr.) 
Camden  says  it  is  called  Melienydd  from  the  yellowish  moun- 
tains and  barren 

Mael  Mynan  ap  Selyf  Sarph  Cadeu  (Mael  ap  Mynygan,  sed 

qu.  ?)  ap  Cynan  Warwyn  ap  Brychfael  Ysgithrog. 

Maeloegr. 

Tau  hyd  ymylau  Maeloegr 

Biau'r  He  gorau  yn  Lloegr. 

Maelog  Sant.  Uanvaelog,  Anglesey.  Son  of  Caw  o  Brydyn, 
and  brother  of  Gildas,  Gallgo,  Eigred,  Howel  or  Huail,  and  their 
sister  Dona.     See  Oildas. 

Maelog  Grwm,  lord  of  ULechwedd  Isa,  one  of  the  Fifteen 
Tribes  of  North  Wales,  A.D.  1172 ;  bore  argent,  on  a  cheveron  sable 
three  seraphims  or, 

Maelor,  lands  in  Powys  Vadog.     Gruffudd  Maelor,  lord  of 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  291 

Bromfield,  had  the  two  Maelors  and  Mochuant  is  Bhaiadr. 
Maelor  Gymraeg  in  Denbighshire,  and  Maelor  Saesnig  in  Flint- 
shire.    {Powel)     See  Maeloron. 

Ma£LORON,  the  two  Maelors,  two  commots  in  Cantref  Uwch- 
nant;  from  Maelor  ap  Gwran  ap  Cunedda  Wledig.  Maelor 
Gjrmraeg  is  in  Denbighshire,  and  Maelor  Saesnig  is  in  Flintshire. 
(Note  on  Price's  Description,  W.'s  edit.) 

Maelrhys  Sant  lianvaelrhys  in  the  parish  of  Aberdaron,  qu.? 

Maen,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  in  the  names  of  places,  signify- 
ing a  stone ;  as,  Maen  Addwyn  (Proph,) ;  Maen  Meudwy ;  y  Maen 
Du'n  Uanfair  (Tr.  30);  y  Maen  Gwyn, Meirion ;  Maen  Arthur; 
Maen  Twrog  (n.  L),  i.  e,,  Twrog's  Stone ;  Maen  Gwynedd ;  Maen 
y  Cenawon ;  llysfaen ;  Bodfaen  ;  Maen  Meudwy ;  Uyn  Maen 
Meudwy,  Maen  gwlaw,  the  manalis  or  maenlau  of  the  Romans, 
a  stone  which  they  rolled  about  when  they  wanted  rain.  I  sup- 
pose a  chrystal  stone.     {Non.  ex  Varr.  et  Fulg,  Laieone,) 

Ai  mwnwgl  ol]  fal  maen  glaw. 

Maen  ap  Uywarch  Hen. 

Maen  AN,  lands  in  Denbighshire. 

Maen  y  Chwyfan,  a  monument  or  carved  pillar  on  Mostyn 
Mountain,  which  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd,  in  Notes  on  Camden,  thinks 
inexplicable.  Cwyfan  or  Chwyfan  was  a  person's  name,  to  whom 
a  church  in  that  country  is  dedicated  (Llangwyfan);  and  another 
near  Aberfifraw,  in  Anglesey,  of  the  same  name.  Is  it  not  pro- 
bable that  this  was  a  cross  erected  in  memory  of  that  saint  ? 

Maen  Clochog,  a  castle  in  Dyfed,  Penbrokeshire,  a.d.  1215. 

Maenen,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire.  [Maenan. —  W,  i>.] 
•    Maenerch  ap  Gnifif.  ap  Gruffudd.     Maynyrch,  id. 

Maen  Gwyn  (n.  1.).    Ynys  y  Maengwyn,  Meirion. 

Maen  Gwynedd,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (/.  D,) 

Maen  Modrwy  Eluned  :  see  Eluned, 

Maenol.    (r. 

Maenor  Bydvey,  a  lordship  in  Ystrad  Ty  wy. 

Maenor  Byrr,  Pyrrhus's  mansion,  a  castle  mentioned  by 
Giraldus  Cambrensis,  near  Tenby  in  Penbrokeshire,  adorned 
then  with  stately  towers  and  bulwarks ;  now  in  ruins.  One  of 
[the]  three  commots  of  Cantref  Penvro.  (Price's  Descr,)  See 
Ynys  Pyr, 


292  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Maenob  Dbilo,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Bychan, 
Caermarthenshire.     (Price's  Descr.) 

Maenor  Dewi,  church  and  pariah  in  Penbrokeshire. 

Maenor  Ruthyn,  one.of  the  commots  of  Pennythen,  Mor- 
ganwg. 

Maenor  Talafan,  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Pennythen 
in  Morgannwg.     See  Talafan. 

Maen  SiGL,or  rocking  stone,  within  half  a  mile  of  St  David^s. 
Several  of  these  in  Cornwall  and  Ireland,  remains  of  Druidism. 
See  LUdr  a  Machno  and  Siglfan,     See  also  Pe^i  Machno. 

Maenwyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  one  of  the  warlike  friends  of  Ilywarch 
Hen.     Maenwyn  nag  addo  dy  gyllelL     See  Padrig. 

Maerdy,  a  gentleman's  seat  near  Corwen, 

Maerdre,  in  Edeirnion,  a  gentleman's  seat  CasteU  y  Faerdre 
in  Dyganwy. 

Maerlys  ap  Gwyddno. 

Maes,  a  very  ancient  Celtic  word  in  the  composition  of  names 
of  places,  and  signifies  properly  a  field  of  corn ;  also  a  field  of 
battle.  Some  critics  make  the  Latin  termination  magus  to 
have  signified  maes,  as  Citomagus,  Csesaromagus,  etc.  Maes  y 
Geirchen,  Caernarvonshire ;  Meissir ;  Uanvaes,  Maes  y  Llan, 
etc.     Cad  ar  vaes,  a  field,  a  battle  (Anglesey). 

Maesaleg,  the  seat  of  Ifor  Hael,  the  patron  of  Dafydd  ap 
Gwilym  the  poet ;  and  a  lordship  belonging  to  it  of  that  name. 
It  was  in  Glamorganshire  in  the  poet's  time,  but  now  is  part  of 
Monmouthshire.     Wrote  by  some  Massaleg. 

A  cherddaa  tafodaa  teg 
A  solas  ym  Maesaleg. — D.  ap  QwUym, 
Again  : 

Arglwyddiaetfa  dugiaeth  deg 

A  seiliwyd  wrth  Fyssaleg. — D.  ap  QwHyrn, 

Maes  Bell 

Maes  Calettwr  (n.  L),  Brecknockshire. 

Maes  Carnedd,  where  Owain  Gwynedd  was  buried,  as  says 
Cynddelw  in  Marwuad  Owain  Gwynedd.  There  is  a  place  of 
this  name  near  Dolgelleu. 

Maes  Garmon,  a  battle  between  the  Britons  and  the  joint 
annies  of  the  Scots  and  Picts,  under  the  conduct  of  St  German, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  293 

Bishop  of  Aiixerre,  who  came  to  Britain  to  confute  the  Pelagian 
heresy.  {Bede,  1.  i,  c.  20.)  It  was,  as  Usher  says,  in  Flintshire, 
near  Yr  Wyddgrag.     He  calls  it  Victoria  Alleluiatica. 

Maes  Gwenith,  a  place  in  Gwent,  famous  for  wheat  and 
honey,  mentioned  in  the  Triades  (30). 

Maes  y  Gwig. 

Maes  Maoddyn,  dan  dom  Elwyddon.  {E.  Llwyd,)  See 
Maoddyn, 

Maes  Mawr,  ym  Mynydd  Emiys,  lie  gwnaeth  Hengist  dwyll 
y  Cyllell  Hirion. 

Maes  Mochnant,  in  Llanrhaiadr. 

Maes  Mynnan,  a  gentleman^s  seat.     {J.  2?.)     Mostjm. 

Maes  y  Neuadd,  a  place  in  Meirion, 

Maes  y  Pandy,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Meirion. 

Maestan,  qu.  ?  GwTgenau  Maestan  o  Benllyn. 

Maes  Urien,  jm  emyl  Caerwynt. 

Maes  Uswallt,  now  Croesyswallt ;  in  English,  Oswestry; 
80  called  from  Ussa  ap  Cunedda  Wledig.  (Price's  Descr.)  [From 
Oswald  Mfieseri'elt.—  W.  J9.] 

Maesyfed,  Maesyfedd,  Maeshyfaidd,  and  Maesyfaidd,  the 
town  and  country  of  Badnor  in  South  Wales.  Mr.  Camden  says 
that  in  the  middle  age  writers  called  this  country  Magesetae,  and 
mention  Comites  Masegetenses  and  Magesetenses,  and  thinks  it 
is  the  city  Magos  which  Antoninus  seems  to  call  Magnos,  and 
was  the  station  of  the  Pacensian  regiment  under  the  Lieutenant 
of  Britain  in  the  reign  of  Theodosius  the  Younger ;  and  that 
the  English  name  Badnor  was  formed  from  Bhaiadr. 

Llew  Maesyfaidd  gwraidd  y  gras. —  D.  H,  K. 

Maesyfed  Hen  (Old  Badnor),  called  by  the  natives  Peucraig ; 
burnt  by  Bhys  ap  Gruffudd  in  the  time  of  King  John.  (Cam- 
den, Brit,) 

Maethlu  Sant  Ynghaemadog  Ym8n.  Danfaethlu  Church, 
Anglesey. 

Mafon  or  Mabon  (n.  pr.  v.) :  hence  Bodfafon  in  Creuthyn. 
See  Bhiwdbon, 

Magddu Gulfoel  o  Benllyn. 

Magedawc  or  Megadoc  (nomen  loci). 

Gtoaith  Megadoc  {MS,),  or,  as  Caradoc,  Magedawc,  a  battle 


294  CELTIC  BEMAINS. 

fought  between  the  Britons  and  Phichtieit  (Picts),  where  Dalar- 
gan,  King  of  the  Picts,  was  slain  a.d.  750.     {Oaradoc,  p.  16.) 

Maglan.    0,    Ilanvaglan. 

Maglocune,  the  Latin  name  of  Madgvm  Givj/nedd  in  the  cor- 
rupt copies  of  Gildas.  If  Gildas  understood  the  British  tongue, 
he  wrote  it  in  his  Latin  book  Malgo  Ghiinet  in  the  orthography 
of  those  days.  He  was  first  King  of  Gwynedd,  and  afterwards 
supreme  King  of  the  Britons.     See  Traeth  Madgvm. 

Magsen,  qu.  Maxentius  ? 

Maig.    Trefaig,  Hirdrefaig,  in  Anglesey.     See  Mdc 

Main  Gwynedd,  qu.  or  Maen  Gwynedd  ?  Madog  ap  Evream 
o  Fain  Gwynedd. 

Maih,  Maria,  Mary  (n.  pr.  f.).   Mair  Forwyn,  the  Virgin  Mary. 

Malangell  verch  Tudwal. 

Malcawn  :  see  Madgvm,     {E,  Llwyd.) 

Mali  verch  Ifan  Llwyd. 

Mallaen,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Bychan  in 
Caermarthenshire.     (Price's  Descr.) 

Malldraeth,  a  small  harbour  or  tract  of  sand  in  Anglesey, 
which  took  its  name  from  the  very  dangerous  quicksands  there, 
and  the  shifting  fords  on  the  river,  it  having  a  boggy  bottom  (a 
mall,  evil,  and  traeth,  sand). 

Fe'm  gwnaeth  ym  Malltraeth  ym  Mon 
Yn  gored  penwaig  irion. 

It  gives  name  to  one  of  the  six  commots  of  Anglesey,  viz.,  C wm- 
mwd  Malldraeth ;  and  in  it  stood  the  seat  of  the  Princes  of 
Wales,  called  Aberffraw. 

Mallt  (n.  pr.  f.)  ;  Latin^  Matilda  or  Mathiltis, 

Mallt  vel  Mahallt  verch  Rhys  Gethin. 

Mallteg  Sant.     Llanvallteg  in  Penbrokeshire. 

Mallwch  (n.  pr.  v.).     Caerfallwch.     (J.  D.) 

Mallwyd,  a  church  and  parish  in  Merionethshire,  q.  d.  man 
llwyd.  It  is  dedicated  to  Tydecho  Sant.  Here  the  industrious 
and  learned  Dr.  John  Davies,  author  of  the  British-Latin  Dic- 
tionary and  the  British  Grammar,  was  rector.  He  died  the  14 
May  1644.  {MS.)  He  published  his  Grammar,  1620,  and  his 
Dictionary,  1632. 

Malpas,  in  Flintshire  ;  another  in  Monmouthshire. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  295 

Manawydan  ap  Llyr,  un  o'r  tri  lleddf  unben  (Tr.  14),  cotem- 
porary  with  Ilywarch  Hen,  pan  fu  hyd  ar  Ddyfed.  (Tr.  77.) 
See  Owgon  Gwron  and  Llywarch  Hen,  the  other  two. 

Mannod,  a  mountain  in  Merionethshire.     {E,  Llwyd.) 

Manaw,  the  Isle  of  Man,  probably  at  first  Monaw,  i,  c,  Mdn 
in  the  sea,  the  other  Mon  (Anglesey)  being  close  to  the  main- 
land. If  so,  the  dispute  between  Humphrey  Llwyd  and  Hector 
Boetius  was  only  about  sounds.  This  is  probably  the  Mona  of 
Julius  Caesar,  unless  he  was  misinformed  about  the  distance  of 
Mon  from  Britain  and  Ireland,  for  he  places  it  half  way.  The 
Latin  name  of  this  is  Eubonia.     See  Mon  and  Ore. 

Manayak  or  Manavon,  a  parish  in  Montgomeryshire,  deanery 
of  Cedewain. 

Manau  Guotodin,  the  cotmtry  in  Scotland  where  Cunedda 
Wledig  lived,  and  was  drove  out  of  it  by  the  Scots,  146  years 
before  Maelgwn  the  Great  reigned  over  the  Britons  in  Gwene- 
dota.  (MS.  Nennivs  R,  V,)  This  Manau  Guotodin  may  pos- 
sibly have  been  pronounced  in  the  British  Menai  Gododin,  it 
bordering  on  the  narrow  straits  between  Ireland  and  North 
Britain.  At  this  very  time  that  Nennius  mentions  the  Scots  from 
Ireland  took  possession  of  Argyleshire.  (Usser's  Primord.)  It 
may  be  the  country  of  those  people  called  by  Latin  writers 
Catini  or  Ottadiui. 

Manogan,  the  69th  King  of  Britain,  father  of  Beli  Mawr. 

Manauon,  enw  lie.  lerwerth  Vanauon  (or  Manafon)  ap 
Einion. 

Maoddyn  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cynddylan).  Mr.  Edw. 

Uwyd  thinks  it  to  be  Mwythig,  or  Salop ;  from  the  similitude  of 

the  name,  I  suppose.   But  he  was  certainly  wrong,  for  Pengwem, 

which  is  the  known  name  for  Salop,  is  mentioned  in  the  same 

elegy. 

Eryr  Pengwern  peugarn  llwyd. 

Maon  or  Maw  AN  (n.  pr.  v.).    Maon,  father  of  Llemenig. 

Mar. 

Maran,  qu.  ?     (Owelygorddau  Pawys) 

March  am  Mheirchion,  a  Prince  of  Scotland  or  some  part  of 
North  Britain.  The  poets  feigned  that  he  had  horse's  ears,  and 
whatever  he  touched  turned  into  gold.    The  meaning  was  that 


296  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

he  was  a  great  miser  and  very  rich,  and  was  an  ass  for  suffering 
himself  to  be  cuckolded  by  his  nephew  Trystan  ap  Tallwch.  He 
lived  in  the  reign  of  Arthur.  He  was  one  of  King  Arthur's 
three  admirals.     See  Essyllt  and  Trystan, 

Marchan  ap  Cynddelw  Gam. 

Marchen.  Castell  Marchen,  the  castle  of  Morgan  ap  Howel 
got  by  Gilbert  Earl  of  Clare,  A.D.  1236  ;  qu.  Carmarthenshire  ? 
Coed  Marchan  in  Denbighshire. 

Marchan.  Coed  Marchan  near  Rhuthyn.  Cefh  Varchan  in 
Caermarthenshire. 

MarcIhan  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  hence  Coed  Marchan.  [There  is  a  place 
in  Glamorgan  called  Coed  Marchan. — I,  Jf.]  Rhys  ap  Marchan 
had  a  daughter,  Gwenllian,  married  to  Gwaeddgar  or  Gwaedd- 
fawr,  father  of  Gwernog,  father  of  Efnydd  ap  Gwernog,  lord  of 
Dyffryn  Clwydd.     {J.  D) 

Marchell,  a  river. 

Marchell,  merch  Teudric,  the  mother  of  Brychan  Biycheiniog. 
{Ach  Oynog),  Also  a  daughter  of  his  wife  of  Gwrlyn.  Probably 
the  founder  of  the  Abbey  of  Ystrad  Marchell. 

Marchell  Sant  and  Marchelltn  Sant.  The  church  of  Ilan- 
ddeusant,  Anglesey,  dedicated  to  them. 

Marchell  verch  Arwystli  Gloff ;  hence  Ystrad  MarchelL 

Marchgwn  and  Meirchion  (n.  pr.  v.),  the  same  with  Cynfarch, 
[E,  Llwyd) 

Marchnant,  a  river  between  the  lordship  of  Mevenyth  and 
Ysbytty  or  Ystwyth.  [Aber  Marchnant,  Marchnant  falling  into 
the  Evyrnwy. —  W,  D."] 

Marchog  0  Ryfel,  knight  banneret. 

Marchxtdd  ap  Cynan  ap  Elfyw,  lord  of  Uwch  Dulas  and  Aber- 
geleu ;  his  seat  at  Bryn  Ffanigl ;  one  of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of 
North  Wales.     Bore  gules,  a  Saracen's  head  erased.     a.d.  846. 

Marchweithian,  lord  of  Islaled  in  Denbighshire,  lived  at  Llys 
Lleweni  about  a.d.  740.  Bore  azure,  a  lion  rampant  argent  One 
of  the  Fifteen  Tribes  of  North  Wales. 

Marchweithian  {Pymtheg  Llwyth). 

Marchwydd,  Mr.  Edward  Uwyd  says,  is  Owyddfarch  trans- 
posed. 

Marchwyn. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  297 

Mabolois,  Esgob  Bangor ;  died  a.d.  942. 

Makculphus,  an  historian  of  Little  Britain. 

Marcwlff  (n.  pr.  v.),  un  o'r  tair  colofn  y  celfyddodion. 
{Prydydd  y  Moch,  i  E.  ap  Owen  Gwynedd.) 

Mared  neu  Maered  (n.  f.)  ;  hence  Maredydd  {n.  pr.  v.). 

Mareba  verch  Gruff,  ap  Oynan. 

Maredudd  or  Mabedtdd  (n.  pr.  v.)  seems  to  have  been  made 
from  a  woman's  name,  Mared,  or  one  from  tlie  other.  Camden 
Latinizes  it  Meredudus, 

Maredydd,  rectA  Maredudd  (n.  pr.  v.),  and  Mredydd,  and 

Meredydd. 

Tai^d  Vadog  Amhredydd. — B.  Namnor.  * 

Margam  or  Margan,  a  village  in  Glamorganshire.  Fairs  kept 
here.    Margam,  the  seat  of  the  Mansels. 

Margam  (Mynydd),  a  mountain  in  Glamorganshire,  on  which 
there  are  ancient  rakes  of  mine  works. 

Margan  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Margan,  one  of  the  goddesses  of  the  deep. 

Pan  yw  Margan  dwywes  o  annwfyn. — (Ed.  Llwyd.) 

Margem,  a  village,  Glamorganshire. 

Marlais  is  the  name  of  the  river  in  Carmarthenshire,  and 
not  Marias,  whence  Abermarlais^  a  gentleman's  seat  on  the  aber 
of  that  river  of  Glan  Gwy  (J.  2>.) ;  and  all  the  poets,  who  are 
our  eternal  standards  of  pronunciation,  agree  in  this.  The  word 
is  marwlais,  as  marnad  is  wrote  for  marvyixad,  and  marddwr, 
neap  tide,  for  marwddvyr. 

Mars,  the  kingdom  of  Mercia ;  also  the  borders  or  marches  of 
Wales.     Gwyr  y  Mars. 

Marsia,  a  queen  of  great  Britons  [Britain  ?],  who  reigned 
during  the  minority  of  her  son  Seisill,  after  her  husband  Cyhelyn, 
the  24th  King  of  Britain.  Leland  {Script.  Brit,,  c.  8)  praises  her 
greatly  for  that  the  laws  made  in  her  reign  were  called  after  her 
name,  as  the  Moelmutian  Laws  were  called  after  Dyfnwal  Moel- 
mud ;  that  they  were  translated  by  King  Alfrid  into  the  Saxon, 
and  called  the  Marsian  Law.  Others  wiU  have  it  that  the  Law 
was  so  called  from  being  the  law  of  the  Mercians.  Nicolson 
says  that  Lombardy  and  all  the  rest  were  mistaken  in  calling 

38 


298  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

the  Saxon  laws  MercerUege,  etc.,  for  that  lege  did  not  signify  law, 
etc.    See  Nicolson. 

Marsli  (n.  pr.  £);  Lat.  Margilia;  Engl.  Margery,  qvu  1 

Marthen,  qu.  whether  Marthin  or  Martin  ? 

Maktia.     G. 

Makwerydd.     (Dr.  Davies.)    See  MorwerydcL 

Marwred  verch  Madog,  or  rather  Marfred  or  Marverei 

Mary.    G. 

Maryfred,  the  mother  of  liewelyn  ap  lorwerth  Drwyndwn. 
(MS.) 

Mar  Ysgvarnawc,  Marius  Lepidus.     {Thfssilw.) 

Marwystl  vel  Marchwystl  ap  Mardiweithian.  {Pymtheg 
Llwyth,) 

Maserveth  (Bede,  1.  iii,  c.  9.),  the  placse  where  Oswald  was 
killed  by  Penda,  King  of  Mercia,  and  the  Britains.  Bromfield 
calls  it  Marshfield ;  the  Saxon  Chronicle^  Maj-eppel% ;  and  so 
King  Alfred's  paraphrase.  Leland  says  there  is  a  church  at 
Oswestry  (i.  e.,  Oswald's  tree)  dedicated  to  St.  Oswald^  formerly 
called  White  Church ;  and  the  English  annotator  on  Bede  says 
the  Welsh  call  it  Croix  Oswald ;  which  are  mistakes,  for  they 
call  Oswestry  Croesyswallt^  which  see.  Qu.  whether  the  above 
be  Maeserwydd  ? 

Math  ap  Mathonwy,  hen  frenin  gynt  o  Wynedd.  (D.  /.)  See 
Arianrhod.  Un  o'r  trywyr  hud  a  Uedrith  (TV.  31) ;  qu.  second 
sight  ?  Hud  mab  Mathonwy,  un  o'r  tri  prif  hud  {Tr.  32),  co- 
temporary  with  Gwdion  ap  Don  (2V.  32)  and  with  Gronwy  Pefr 
o  Benllyn  (Tr.  35). 

Mathafarn,  nomen  loci  (^  mad  and  tafarrC),  a  gentleman's 
seat  in  Montgomeryshire,  famous  for  being  the  house  of  David 
llwyd  ap  Lly welyn  ap  Gruffudd,  lord  of  Mathafarn,  in  the  time 
of  Bichard  III.  This  gentleman  being  a  good  poet  wrote  several 
prophecies,  in  verse,  of  the  coming  of  Henry  VII,  for  whom  he 
was  a  great  stickler.  His  wife,  who  knew  he  was  no  prophet, 
asked  him  how  he  could  venture  to  advance  such  things  as 
truths.  He  answered  her,  "  If  Henry  carries  the  day,  he  will 
reckon  me  a  true  prophet ;  if  he  loses,  he'll  hardly  come  to  up- 
braid me  for  it."  Besides  these  political  prophecies  we  have 
several  other  pieces  of  this  poet's  works  extant.     His  cywydd 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  299 

describing  Dovey  River  is  a  curious  piece,  and  his  disputes  with 
Llewelyn  ap  Guttyn  the  poet  are  common. 

Mathafarn  Eithaf,  a  place  in  Anglesey :  hence  Llanfair  ym 
Mathafarn  Eithaf,  a  church  and  parish.  Another  Mathafam  in 
Denbighshire. 

Mathanen,  river  (in  Morden's  map),  joins  Gwygyr,  and  goes 
to  Cemaes  in  Anglesey ;  but  qu.  ? 

Mathau,  not  Mathew. 

Na  ddotto  Pedr  gloau 

Mair  a  Seinlyn,  Marthyn,  Mathau. 

Mathau  Prys. 

Mathayarn  ap  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 

Mathe  ap  Cadwaladr.    Vid.  Maihau. 

MlTHiAS  (n.  pr.  V.  dissyll.). 
I'th  was  cred  Mathias  Oradog.— /(W.  Fynglwyd. 

Mathlu,  qu,  Maethlu  ? 

Matholwch  (b.  pr.  v.) ;  qu.  Mothlaius  ?  (Ogygia,  p.  390.),  An 
Irish  name.  Matholwch  Wyddel,  or  Matholwch  the  Irishman, 
married  and  abused  Branwen  the  daughter  of  Llyr.  {Tr.  51.) 
He  was  a  noted  Irish  enterprising  Prince^ 

Tegwch  gwlad  Fatholwch  fu 

Galon  y  Werddon  orddu. — lelo  Qoch. 

Mathonwy. 

Mathraval,  the  name  of  the  kingdom  or  principality  of 
Powys,  after  Offa,  King  of  Mercia,  drove  the  Britains  from  Salop 
over  Severn ;  and  that  the  Prince's  palace  was  fixed  at  Mathrafal 
in  Montgomeryshire.  To  this  kingdom  belonged  the  country  of 
Powys  and  the  land  between  Wy  and  Severn.  (Price's  Descript) 
A  castle  built  here  by  Eobert  Yepont,  a  Norman,  about  A.D.  1204. 

A  thrwy  efyll  Mathraval 

Aur  o'r  Twr  i'r  warr  a'r  til.— lettan  Dqfydd  Ddu. 

Mathravael  Wynya  :  see  Owynfa. 

Mathri  or  Mathry,  a  village  in  Penbrokeshire.    Fairs  are 

kept  here. 

Mathutafwr  (n.  pr.  v.),  perhaps  Mathuta  Fawr  (qu.  Brito- 
marus),  the  ofi&cer  that  came  with  Urp  Uuyddawc,  a  Prince  of 
the  Cimbrians,  to  raise  auxiliaries  in  Britain  to  go  against  the 
Komans.     See  Urp  Llnyddog.   {Tr.  40.) 


300  CM.TIG  REMAINS. 

Mathygryn. 

Maunquid.  Caer  Maungaid,  in  Nennius'  Catalogue  of  Britisli 
Cities ;  and  Usher  bath  also  Caer  Menegyd ;  but  neither  in  the 
Triades  or  Dr.  Williams'  Catalogue. 

Mauog.     Bryn  Mauog,  in  Caio,  Carmarthenshire. 

Maw  (fl.)  or  Mawddach,  in  Merionethshire :  hence  Abennaw, 
vulgo  Abermo  and  Bermo ;  in  English,  corruptly,  Barmouth ;  a 
good  small  harbour  and  vUlage. 

Mawd  ferch  leuan  Blaene,  and  Mawd  Wen. 

Mawddwy,  a  river  which  falls  into  Towy,  near  Llangadog,  or 
rather  Myddfai,  qu.  ? 

Mawddwy,  one  of  the  two  commots  of  Cantref  Cynan,  part  of 
Powys  Wenwynwyn;  now  the  lordship  of 

Mawgor,  a  village  in  Monmouthshire.    Fairs  are  kept  here. 

Mawl  ap  Madawy,  King  of  Britain. 

Mawgr. 

Mawk,  great,  large.  Llanfawr,  a  church  and  parish  in  the 
deanery  of  Penllyn,  Meirion.  Llannor  and  Llanfawr,  in  Ueyn ; 
qu.  Llanfor  ?  Coedmawr  or  Coedmor,  in  Arfon ;  Llanfawr,  a 
house  near  Holyhead ;  y  Mynydd  Fawr,  a  mountain  in  Eiyri ;  Y 
DdolfawT,  i.  e.,  Dolfor,  Cardiganshire ;  Maesmawr,  i.  e.,  Maesmor ; 
Dinmor;  Trefor;  Pen  Maen  Mawr;  y  Frenni  Fawr.  Cantref 
Mawr,  one  of  the  three  cantrefs  of  Brecknockshire.  (Price's 
Descr.)    See  Bychan, 

Mawr,  a  river  which  gives  name  to  Traeth  Mawr.  (Price's 
Descr,)     But  qu.  ? 

Ma'WTITH,  the  name  of  a  Celtic  Prince,  afterwards  a  god,  and 
called  by  the  Eomans  Mars,  Mavors,  Mamers.  Dydd  Mawrth, 
Dies  Martis,  Mis  Mawrth,  March.  Q.  d.  Mawrwyrth  or  Maw- 
rwth ;  called  also  Theuth  or  Tenth,  q.  d.  Duw  Taith,  the  god  of 
journeys. 

Mechain,  nomen  loci  in  Powysland.  Mechain  is  Coed  in 
Powys  Vadog,Uwch  Coed  in  Powys  Wenwynwyn,  two  commots. 

Ar  derfyn  Mccbain  a  Mochnant. 

Prifdydd  y  Moch^  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Gwaith  Mechain  was  a  battle  fought  at  this  place  by  Mredydd 
and  Ithel,  sons  of  Gruff,  ap  Llywelyn,  and  Bleddyn  ap  Cynfyn 
and  Rhiwallon,  Kings  of  North  Wales.     Mredydd,  Ithel,  and 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  301 

Ehiwallon,  were  killed,  and  Bleddyn  made  King  of.  Powys  and 
North  Wales,  A.D.  1068. 

Gwerfyl  Mecfuiin,  a  poetess.     {Caradoc.) 

Hence  lianfechain,  a  church  dedicated  to  Garmon. 

Mechell  and  Mechyll  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Mechell  Sant.    Llanyechell,  a  church  in  Anglesey. 

Mechell  verch  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 

Mechydd,  a  river,  qu.  ? 

Gar  elfydd  Meohydd  a  Machawy. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Ln.  ap  Torwerth. 

Mechyll,  neu  MECHiLii.  Rhys  Mechyll  ap  Rhys  Gruc  ap  yr 
Aiglwydd  Rhys.  This,  it  seems,  is  the  masculine  of  Mechell, 
from  hyll  and  hell. 

Medcant,  an  island  on  the  coast'  of  Northumberland,  men- 
tioned in  Nennius,  c.  65 ;  supposed  to  be  Lindisfalm.  Bede 
(L  iii,  c.  16)  calls  this  same  island  Fame.  It  is  two  miles  from 
Bamborough  Castle.  Here  was  a  monastery  built  by  St.  Cuth- 
bert ;  and  here  Aidan  the  Bishop  was  when  Penda  attempted  to 
bum  the  city  of  Bebbanburg,  the  regal  city  of  the  Northum- 
brians. R.  Hoveden  says  that  lindisfam  is  by  Gildas  called 
Medcant  in  the  British,  meaning  Nennius. 

Medel  ap  Llywarch  Hen. 

Mederai  Badellvawr.    {Tr.  64.) 

Medlan  ach  Eurog  Gadarn. 

Medbawt  or  Medrod  (n.  pr.  v.).  Medrod  ap  Llew  ap  Cyn- 
farch,  called  Brenhinol  Farchog  in  Tr.  83,  was  King  Arthur's 
nephew,  and  was  left  to  take  care  of  Britain  and  of  his  Queen 
in  his  absence,  while  he  followed  his  wars  in  Gaul;  but  Medrod 
hearing  of  the  defeat  of  Arthur  beyond  the  Alps,  dethroned 
Gwenhwyfar  the  Queen,  and  took  the  government  into  his  own 
hands.  This  occasioned  Arthur's  return  to  recover  his  crown, 
which  brought  on  the  civil  war  and  the  great  battle  called  Cad 
Gamlan,  where  Medrod  was  slain,  and  Arthur  received  his 
death's  wound.     See  Gwenhwyfar  and  Zlew  ap  Oynfarch. 

Medrod  vel  Medrawt  ap  Cowrda. 

Medron,  father  of  Madoc.    {Tr.  50.) 

Medwyn,  one  of  the  two  noble  ambassadors  sent  by  Lies  ap 


302  CELTIC   REMAINS. 

Coel,  King  of  Britain,  to  Pope  Eleutherius  to  desire  to  be  in- 
structed in  the  Christian  doctrine.  (Leland,  Script  Brit,  c.  1  and 
c  13,)  He  says  he  found  the  names  in  the  Latin  copy  of  Galfrid 
Mon. ;  but  they  are  not  in  the  British  copy  of  Tyssilio,  nor  in 
any  of  the  printed  copies  of  Gralfrid  (I  have  three  of  them)^  nor 
in  a  very  ancient  MS.  of  Galfrid's  Latin  I  have  upon  vellum. 

Medd  :  see  Oardd  y  Medd^  Llannereh  y  Medd, 

Meddefus  ferch  Ywain  Cyfeiliog ;  q.  d.  Meddwefus,  t. «.,  mead- 
lip,  a  proper  name  for  a  fsdr  woman. 

Meddlan  verch  Cyndrwyn.  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad 
Cyndylan.) 

Meddygon  Mydufal  Rhi wallon  a'i  feibion,  Cadwgon,  a  GrufiT- 
udd,  ac  Einion.  Dr.  Davies  places  them  in  1230.  (Dr.  Davies 
in  MyddfaL)  They  collected  together  the  empirical  remedies  of 
the  Britons  into  a  book,  at  the  command  of  Ehys  Gryg,  Prince 
of  South  Wales,  I  have  a  MS,  of  it  on  vellum.  It  is  wrote  in 
the  British  language,  and  all  Galenical,  and  chiefly  empirical, 
there  being  then  no  occasion  for  physicians. 

Mbgadoc  (Gwaith),  ifS,  or,  as  Caradoc,  Megedawc,  a  battle 
fought  between  the  Britons  and  Phichtieit  (Picts),  where  Dalar- 
^n.  King  of  the  Picts,  was  slain.    (Caradoc,  p.  16,) 

MsaDOD  (Nennius) :  see  Meivod, 

Megen,  Megge  or  Margaret. 
'  Meguaid  (Nennvus)  :  see  Meivod. 

Meguid  :  see  Afeivod.     (JS,  Llwyd^  from  Usher's  Nennius,) 

Meibionain.    Gwlad  Feibionain* 

Pan  wnelont  meiriau  dadlan  bycliain 

Anndon  a  brad  Gwlad  Feibionain. — B.oi,  Myrddin. 

Qu.  whether  Mabwynion  in  Cardiganshire  ? 

Meidrim,  a  village  in  Caermarthenshire,    Fairs  kept  here. 

Meichiad  (fl),  Glan  y  Meichiad  [Nant  y  Meichiad—  W.  />.] 
in  Meivod. 

Meilfrych  or  Meilyrch  (n.  pr.  v.).  Mr.  Edward  Uwyd  says 
it  is  Brychfael  transposed. 

Meic  (n.  pr.  v.),  probably  ought  to  be  wrote  in  the  present 
orthography  Maig :  hience  Hirdrefaig  in  Anglesey. 

Meic  Mygotwas  (father  of  Anan,  one  of  the  three  gohoyw 
riain)  is  in  Vaughan^s  Index  Mogotwas,  and  explained  Aneirin. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  303 

Meivod,  a  church  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  Poole,  Mont- 
gomeryshire. The  church  is  dedicated  to  Tyssilio  Sant  (B. 
Willis.)  Mochnant,  Mechain,  Meichiad,  and  Meivod,  seem  to 
have  some  afi&nity ;  but  Meivod  is  plainly,  without  any  conjura- 
tion (though  Mr.  Ilwyd  could  not  hit  it),  compounded  of  two 
ancient  British  words,  mai  and  bod,  which  signify  the  month  of 
May  and  hdbitcUian,  which  is  as  much  as  to  say  summer  quar- 
ters. So  hafod  is  compounded  of  haf  (summer)  and  bod  (a 
dwelling-place),  and  is  an  ancient  word  for  such  summer-houses 
on  the  mountains  where  the  ancient  Britons  attended  their 
cattle,  to  make  butter  and  cheese.  Bod  is  a  word  prefixed  to 
the  names  of  abundance  of  houses  in  Wales,  but  more  particu- 
larly in  Anglesey :  Bodorgan^  Bodowen,  Bodfeirig,  etc.,  etc. 

Here  was  an  ancient  British  city  of  the  Britains  called  in  the 
Triades  Caer  Mygit.  Mr.  Llwyd,  in  his  Notes  on  Camden,  from 
Usher's  Nennius,  calls  it  Cair  Meguid ;  and  in  other  copies  of 
Nennius,  Oair  Metguod ;  but  I  know  that  in  the  Cambridge  MS. 
of  Nennius  it  is  Cair  Megdod,  and  in  the  Cottonian  MS.  Gair 
Meguaid.  So  I^m  afiraid  there  is  a  mistake  in  printing  Mr. 
liwyd's  notes. 

As  for  the  name  of  Mediolanum,  it  comes  naturally  enough 
fix>m  Meiddlan,  the  place  of  curds  and  whey,  which  is  of  the 
same  nature  and  sense  with  Meivod  and  Hafod ;  or  else  it  is 
Meddlwn,  the  place  of  mead, — a  drink  made  of  honey,  in  great 
vogue  among  the  ancient  Britons ;  and  we  have  in  Anglesey  a 
town  of  that  name  with  the  words  transposed, — Llannerch  y 
Medd,  Llannerch  being  a  diminutive  of  Han. 

Caradoc  ap  Gollwyn  o  Feifod.  Glan  y  Meichiad  in  Meivod. 
[Nant  y  Meichiad.—  W,  D.I 

Meig  ap  Cynlas  Coch. 

Meigen^  a  place  in  Powys ;  in  Nennius,  Ineieen.  A  battle 
fought  here  between  CadwaUon  ap  Cadvan  and  Edwin  King  of 
Northumberland.  On  account  of  their  behaviour  in  this  battle 
(it  is  supposed)  the  men  of  Powys  got  those  fourteen  privileges 
(Breiniau  Powys)  which  exempted  them  from  many  services  and 
payments.    See  Breiniau  Powys  by  Cynddelw  Brydydd  Mawr. 

Bryn  Meigen  in  Creuthyn,  Cardiganshire.  Meigen  is  men- 
tioned by  Ilywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Caswallon. 


304  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Meigen  (Rhys),  i,  e.,  Rhys  of  Meigen,  a  poet  about  the  year 
1380,  whom  Dafydd  ap  Gwilym  killed  with  a  lampoon. 

Meilientdd,  enw  He.    Mael  Meilienydd. 

Meilir,  lETyT  gwyr  gorsedd,  and  Me^*%  Meilirion. 

Meiliw  Tawarch  ap  Esgudaur. 

Mbilon.  Maes  Rhos  Mellon,  a  battle  fought  here  between 
the  black  nation  under  Igmond,  and  the  Britons^  a.d.  900.  Peu- 
rhos  Efeilw,  near  Holyhead,  q.  d.  Penrhos  Meilon.  (Powel, 
Oaradoc,  p.  42.)     See  Molerain. 

Meilltontdd,  a  gentleman's  seat.    Williams. 

Meini  Hirion  (Y).  About  a  mile  from  the  top  of  Penmaen 
MawT,  on  the  plain  mountain  above  Gwddw  Glas,  in  the  parish 
of  Dwygyfylchi,  stands  the  most  remarkable  monument  in  all 
Snowdon :  a  circular  entrenchment  of  about  26  yards  diameter, 
with  several  pillars,  and  these  encompassed  with  a  stone  wall ; 
several  cameddau  and  graves ;  and  a  tradition  of  a  battle  fought 
here  between  the  Romans  and  Britons ;  the  Britons  getting  the 
day,  buried  their  dead  under  heaps  of  stones  to  secure  them 
from  the  wild  boars.  (E.  Ilwyd,  Notes  on  Camden,  from  a  MS.) 
See  Braich  y  Ddinas. 

Meiroh  Mordwt,  {.  e.,  sea-horses,  q.  d.  ships. 

Meirch  mordwy  nwch  mawrdwrf  toniar. 

Prydydd  y  Mochy  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Meirchion  ap  Rhys  ap  Rhydderch,  a.d.  1074. 

MEiROfflON  or  Meikchiawn  Gul  ap  Grwst  Ledlwm. 

Meirian  Sant.    Ilanveirian  Chapel,  Anglesey. 

Meirin^  river.  {LI,  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cadwallon.)  Qu.  whether 
Merin  ?    See  Twythwal  Merin, 

Meirion  (n.  pr.  v.).  Meirion  ap  Tibion  ap  Cunedda  Wledig, 
lord  of  Meirionydd,  had  Cantref  Meirion  to  his  share  in  right  of 
his  grandmother,  Gwawl,  wife  of  Edeym  ap  Padam  Beisrudd, 
and  mother  of  Cunedda ;  the  Irish  Scots,  children  of  Glam  Hec- 
tor, attempting  then  to  seize  on  all  Wales.     (Price's  Descr,) 

Meirionydd,  a  county  in  North  Wales,  called  by  the  English 
Merionethshire,  and  by  the  natives  Meirion,  Sir  Veirion,  Sir 
Veirionydd,  and  Meirionydd ;  in  modem  Latin,  Mervinia,  pro- 
bably from  Mervyn,  son  of  Rhodri  Mawr,  part  of  whose  land  it 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  305 

was ;  for  Powys  is  called  by  the  poets  MerviniaWn,  or  lands  of 
MernEyn ;  and  by  one  of  the  poets,  Lleudir  Mervyniawn.  See 
GalU  Gadvxxllon.  But  it  was  called  Meirion  from  a  grandson  of 
Cimedda  Wledig  many  ages  before  this,  and  was  but  one  cantref 
of  what  is  now  called  Meirionydd ;  by  Giraldus  Cambrensis  in 
his  Itinerary, "  Terra  filiorum  Conani'',  the  lands  of  the  sons  of 
Conan.  Neither  Camden  nor  E.  Llwyd  attempt  to  give  any  ety- 
mology of  this  name. 

Meissib.  DySryn  Meissir,  a  place  mentioned  in  Llywarch 
Hen's  Marwnad  Cyndylan.     [Maesir,  Llysfaesir. —  W,  2>.] 

Mel.    Bodfel ;  perhaps  pro  Mael,  as  Bodvael. 

Mela  (n.  1.).    Wynne  of  Mela. 

Melangell  verch  TudwaL 

Mel^gell  is  Mihangel,  St  Michael  [Monacella. —  W.  Z>.] 
Pennant  Melangell. 

Melan,  Mediolanum  urbs.  (Br.  Davies,)  Eecte  Meddlan, 
meaning  that  in  Gaul. 

Melandref,  Mediolanum. 

Melchin,  an  ancient  British  author,  a  MS.  of  whose  historical 
works  was  seen  by  Leland  in  the  Abbey  of  Glassenbury,  which 
he  takes  to  be  ancienter  than  Myrddin  Emrys.  He  says  it 
appeared  he  was  of  Cambrian  original,  and  had  there  studied, 
and  had  read  the  Cambrian  bards.  Our  Cambro-British  writers 
mention  nothing  of  him  under^that  name,  unless  he  be  Myllin,  to 
whom  the  church  of  UanvyUin  in  Montgomeryshire  is  dedicated. 

Mele  :  vid.  BeU. 

Melen  (n.  pr.  v.).    Ellyll  Melen.  (IV.  70.)     See  Melyn. 

Melgad  (n.  pr.  v.),  the  same  with  Cadfael.     {E.  Llwyd) 

Melgoed.    Cefn  Melgoed  in  Cardiganshire,  which  see. 

MELiDEif,  chapel.  St.  Meliden.  (B.  Willis)  AUt  Meliden 
gives  name  to  a  prebend  of  St.  Asaph. 

Melindref  (n.  1.),  corrupt  for  Miieindref,a  farm  held  in  villain 
soccage,  a  tenure  abolished  by  22  Car.  II.  Melindref  Sawddau, 
in  Uangattwg,  Caermarthenshire. 

Melingwm,  village,  Carmarthenshire. 

Melirion  or  Meilirion. 

Melkin  and  Mewin,  names  which  Capgrave  and  Hardinge 
mention  as  British  writers,  which  seem  to  have  taken  tlieir  rise 

39 


306  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

from  bad  transcripts  of  Nennius,  for  the  Cambro-Britons  know 
of  no  such  authors  or  names  as  Melkiuus  and  Mewinus.  If  there 
ever  were  such  authors  they  were  Loegrian  Britons ;  but  Mevi- 
nus  is  plainly  Aneurin,  a  cotemporary  of  Taliesin.    See  Melchin. 

Meloch,  a  river  (qu.  ?)  in  Penllyn,  Uwch  Meloch,  Is  Meloch, 
and  Micnaint,  are  three  commots  in  Cantref  Penllyn..  (Price's 
Descr.) 

Melsyen,  tad  Bran.     {Llyvxtrch  Hen.) 

Pwyllei  Vran  vab  y  Melsym 
Fy  nihol  i  Uosgi  fj  ffyrn. 

Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  reads  it  Melhyrn.     (Z.  K.  Jff.) 

Melwas,  brenin  Peittwf,  a  Gaulish  name ;  Lat  Bellovesus; 
General  of  the  Gauls  in  their  first  irruption  to  Italy  in  the  time 
of  Tarquin  the  Elder,  the  165  year  of  the  city.  Latinized  by 
GaKrid,  Melga,  who  he  makes  King  of  the  Picts  ;  but  he  was  a 
Gaul,  and  King  of  Poictou. 

Melwas,  a  Prince  of  North  Britain,  that  carried  away  King 
Arthur's  wife  or  concubine.     See  Gioenhvryfar, 

Melwr  :  see  OaeW  Melvrr  (n.  L),  near  Uanrwst 

Melydyn,  esgob  Caerludd,  ad.  613.    Militus. 

Melyn,  mab  Cynfelyn.    {Tr.  36.) 

Melynddwb,  a  river  and  dyfiftyn  in  Cardiganshire. 

MsLLT,  a  man's  name.  A  rock,  called  Maen  MSUt,  on  the  coast 
of  Lleyn.    Aedan,  son  of  Mellt,  a  nobleman  of  Wales,  died  ... 

MEJ.LTEYRN,  CUW  He. 

Membyr,  the  4th  King  of  Britain,  son  of  Madog  ap  lioegrin. 

Menai  (fl.,  Tr.  30),  the  river  or  arm  of  the  sea  between  the 
Isle  of  Anglesey  and  Caemarvonshira  Some  say  from  main^ 
small ;  but  qu.  ?  Hence  Abermenai,  the  south-west  entrance  of 
that  water.  In  Nennius,  Menei,  Menai,  and  Mene.  Gives  name 
to  one  of  the  six  commots  of  Anglesey. 

Afon  Fenai  ni  tbreiodd, 

Arian  y  mab  yr  nn  modd. — Huw  Gas  Llwyd. 

Menegid  {Caradoc),  Onegit  {MS.,  App.  Tyssilio),  a  place  in 
Anglesey  where  Roderick  the  Great  fought  a  battle  with  the 
Danes  in  the  year  873 ;  another,  the  same  year,  at  Bangole,  which 
see.  This  name  is  not  to  be  found  in  Anglesey.  These  are 
supposed  to  be  Halden  and  Hungare,  two  Danish  captains,  that 


CELT  IC  REMAINS-  307 

afterwards  landed  in  South  Wales.   These  Danes  were  called  by 
the  Britons  LlyehlynTvyr,  or  Lochlin  Men,  as  they  did  all  that 
came  from  the  coast  of  the  Baltic. 
Meneifiok,  the  people  about  Menei. 

Yn  Aber  muner  Meneifion 

Yn  aniwair  yn  diwair  Deon. — Oynd»lelw^  i  Hywel. 
-    Mbnew  :  see  Mynyw. 

Mekew  Hen,  Rvima  Veins,  (Lelarui.)  This  is  a  mistake  in 
Dr.  Davies'  Dictionary,  and  ought  to  be  read  Rudus  Vetus,  Hen 
Venew,  Eglwys  Hen  Fenew,  in  Cardiganshire.   See  Hen  Fynyw, 

Menyenban,  a  name  on  a  stone  in  the  parish  of  Henllan  Am- 
goed  in  Caermarthenshire,  which  Mr.  E.  Llwyd  says  he  has 
never  met  with  in  genealogical  manuscripts.  {Notes  on  Camden,) 
See  Menw  and  Menwaed,  and  Manawydan  ap  Zlyr,     {Tr.  14) 

Menw  (n.  v.).     Hud  Menw.     (Dr.  Davies.) 

Menwaed,  o  Arllechwedd,  one  of  the  three  Cadfarchog,  knights 
of  war.     (TV.  23.) 

Mentw  (n.  pr.  v.),  Menw.  (Dr,  Davies).  Menyw  mab  Teir- 
gwaed,  un  o'r  tri  hud  a  lledrith  (Tr.  31) ;  un  o'r  tri  phrif  Uedu- 
rithawc.  {Tr.  33.)  A  great  philosopher  cotemporary  with 
Arthur.  Hud  Uthur  Bendragon  (t.  e.,  Myrddin)  a  ddysgodd  i 
Feny  w  mab  Teirgwaed.  {Tr.  32.) 

Mehchael  ach  Eurog  Gadam. 

Mebchtr  or  Mebcher,  the  name  of  a  Celtic  Prince,  afterwards 
A  god,  son  of  lou,  adored  as  a  god  by  the  Greeks  and  Eomans. 
One  of  the  days  of  theweek,  Dydd  Merchyr  {i.e.,  Dies  Mercurii), 
is  called  after  his  name  by  the  Britains.  Perhaps  Marchtor,  from 
his  being  a  horseman,  and  messenger  of  his  father ;  and  from 
thence  might  come  marchnad,  a  market,  because  he  was  the  first 
merchant  that  carried  his  goods  on  a  horse, — the  god  of  mer- 
chandizing. 

Mebddin  Wyllt  neu  ap  Morfran,  a.d.  635  and  683.  ^Merlinus 
Sylvestris,  o  Nanc yn 

Merdhyn  Embrts,  Merlintcs  Ambrosius,  A.D.  471.     His  

was  named  ^Eldan.    Y  meudwy  a  barodd  ei  alw  ef. 

Meredudd,  King  of  N 

Meredudd  ap  Bleddyn,  1113. 

Meredudd  ap  Owen,  King  of  N[orth  Wales],  a.d.  986.  Mere- 
dudd ap  Owen  ap  Edwyn,  King  of  S[outh  Wales],  1050. 


308  CELTIC  REMAINS* 

Mebedudd  ap  Or.  ap  Hja,  lord  of  Keredigion. 

Merffordd,  a  commot  in  the  Cantref  of  Uwchnant  in  Powys 
Vadog.    It  is  in  Flintshire.     (Price's  Bescr,) 

Mbrfyn  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Merftn  Fbych,  a  Owyddd  or  Irishman,  son  of  Gwyriad  {Cara- 
doc,  p.  22)  of  Ireland,  married  EssyUt,  daughter  to  Cynan  Din- 
daethwy,  and  was  father  of  Eodri  Mawr.  His  mother  was  next 
daughter  of  CadeU  ap  Brochwel  ap  EUseu  ap  Beli,  and  so  on  to 
Gwrtheym,  to  demand  the  crown. 

Merfyn,  one  of  the  sons  of  Ehodri  Mawr,  was  made  Prince  of 
Powys.  Giraldus  Gambrensis  makes  him  the  eldest  son;  but 
all  others  make  him  the  third,  and  Prince  of  Powys:  hence 
Powys  Land  was  called  Merviniawn. 

Meriabog  or  Meriadog  (n.  L).  Cefn  Meriadog,  Denbighshire ; 
qu.  a  region  in  Denbighshire  ?     (H.  Ilwyd,  Brit,  Descr.) 

Meiriadog  (Cynan),  a  nephew  of  Eudaf,  King  of  Britain^ 
whom  Maximus  settled  in  Armorica,  in  Gaul,  a.d.  383.  As  his 
uncle  Eudaf  was  Earl  of  Erging  and  Euas  before  he  got  the 
crown,  one  would*  expect  to  find  this  Meriadog  in  that  country. 
The  Triades  calls  him  brawd  Elen  verch  Eudaf;  but  he  was  only 
her  half-brother,  or  else  her  cousin-german,  the  British  word 
hrawd  signifying  in  ancient  times  cousin  as  well  as  brother. 
(See  H.  Llwyd,  Brit  Descr.,  p.  14,  ed.  1731.) 

Merin,  a  river  in  Creuddyn,  Ceretica,  runs  into  the  river 
Mynach.  Qu.  whether  Meirin,  river  of  Llywarch  Hen  in  Marw- 
nad  Cadwallon  ?    Blaen  Merin.    Twythwal  Merin  in  the  poets. 

Merini.    Llyr  Merini. 

Mers,  Mercia,  a  Saxon  kingdom.  Gwyr  y  Mers,  the  Mer- 
cisms.     {If,  Llwyd,) 

Merthyr  Tydvyl  in  Glamorganshire. 

Merthyr  Mawr,  a  village  [church  and  castle — L  3f.]  in 
Glamorganshire. 

Merviniawn,  lands  of  Merfyn,  the  third  son  of  Rhodri  {Cyn-- 
dddw),  which  was  Powys  Land.     See  Oallt  Oadwallon. 

Merwerydd. 

Ni  foddes  mawredd  y  Merwerydd 
Tngwaith  y  Waederw  chwerw  chwelidydd. 

Meilir  Brydydd,  i  Gr.  ap  Cynan. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  309 

Mebwydd  (n.  pr.  v.).  Or.  ap  Owrgan.  Gwledd  Merwydd. 
{'fudur  AUd) 

Merwydd  Gogh  ap  GoUwjm  ap  Gellan. 

Merwydd  Goch  ap  Tryffon  ap  Mervyn. 

Meryn  Sant.  Bodferyn  Chapel,  Ileyn;  qu.  gave  name  to 
Merin  fl.  ? 

Methlak  or  Meddlan^  commonly  called  Medlam,  in  Lleyn. 
{G.  S) 

Metguod  :  see  Meivod.     {E.  Uwyd^  from  Usher's  Nennius) 

Mevenydd,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Gantref  Ganawl  in 
Cardiganshire.     (Price's  Descr,) 

Mevinus,  corruptly  wrote  for  Aneurin  by  Leland^  c.  2  and  25 ; 
and  by  John  Harding  in  his  historical  poem  published  in  the 
time  of  Henry  V I ;  and  by  the  ignorant  transcribers  or  pub- 
lishers of  Nennius  it  is  wrote  Nveyik.     See  Aneurin. 

Meugan  Sant.  Cappel  Sant  Meugan  at  Beaumaris.  (B.  WiUis.) 

Meugant  ap  Cyndaf,  gwr  o'r  Israel 

MsuRiG,  a  river  which  falls  into  Teifi,  and  gives  name  to  Ys- 
trad  Meurig^  a  village  and  the  ruins  of  a  castle  in  a  pass  between 
mountains  in  Cardiganshire.  This  castle  is  often  mentioned  in 
Caradoc's  History. 

Meurig^  Meuric,  Meurug,  and  Meuryg  (n.  pr.  v.).  Some 
kings  of  Britain  of  this  name,  and  Latinized  Mariua  by  Galfrid, 
etc.,  but  falsely  for  Meuricus.  Camden  makes  it  Merric,  and 
translates  it  Meuricus. 

A  mwy  ddoe  i  mi  a  ddng 

Y  m6r  gar  Ystrad  Meumg. 

S.  OlyUj  i  Bys  Abad. 

Oorwyr  Bhys  aor  dywys  dug 

Oyda  mawredd  gwaed  Meurng. — D.  J7.  H, 

Gwycb  y  cawn  Ue'r  awn  ith  wyrennig  wledd 
Yn  win  a  mawredd  gan  lin  Meurig. 

P.  op  Meredydd  ap  Tudur. 

Meuric  (Gwys),  in  Tyssilio  (BrtU  y  Brenhinoedd),  a  monument 
erected  in  Westmorland  by  Meuric  in  memory  of  a  battle. 
Mburig  ap  Adda,  1169. 
Meurig  ap  Arthpoel,  1019. 
Meurig,  Bishop  of  Bangor^  died  a.d.  1160. 


310  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Meurig  ap  Cadell,  936. 

Mbctkig,  King  of  Dyfed  in  King  Arthur's  time. 

Meumg  ap  Gweirydd,  the  77th  King  of  Britain. 

Meutub  ap  Hedd  Molwynog. 

Mewyrniawn  or  Meirnion.  Dyffiyn  Meuyrnyann,  mentioned 
in  Ilywarch  Hen's  Advice  to  Maenwyn. 

Metscyn,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Pennythen  in 
Morgannwg. 

MuK  Ferdic,  one  of  the  three  red-speared  poets ;  Cadwallawn 
ap  Cadfan's  poet.  In  Mr.  E.  lAwyd's  book  called  Avannedig. 
See  A/an  Verddie. 

MiCNAiNT,  a  river  in  the  Cantref  of  Penllyn  in  Meirion ;  also 
one  of  the  three  commots  of  Penllyn. 

Michel,  a  modem  n.  pr.  v. ;  EngL  Michael. 

MiHANGEL,  Michael  the  angel. 

MiLAm  Aradrgaeth,  a  villan  in  soccage-tenure. 

Os  gwrthodi  lliw'r  ewyn 

Fab  a'i  felyn  gndynau, 
Cei  it  filain  aradr  gaeth 

A  fo  gwaeth  ei  gyneddfan. 

So  the  poet  takes  this  to  be  the  lowest  kind  of  vassalage.  See 
Terra  Nativa, 

MiLOHTJO,  a  King  of  the  Picts  mentioned  by  Flaherty,  p.  397. 
Qu.  whether  the  same  Milchtio  that  had  St.  Patrick  in  bondage 
(id.,  p.  472),  and  the  Melcku  of  Nennius  (c.  54),  and  perhaps 
Bede's  Meilochon  (L  iii,  c.  4)  ?  Nennius  says  that  St.  Patrick, 
a  Briton,  was  captive  with  the  Scots,  and  that  his  lord  was  Mel- 
chu,  whose  swineherd  he  was.  Flaherty  says  he  was  six  years 
a  swineherd  in  the  great  valley  of  Arcail,  near  the  mountain 
Mis,  in  the  north  part  of  Dalriada,  at  a  place  called  Scirie  Arcail, 
which  he  takes  to  be  the  Dalriada  in  the  county  o€  Antrim  in 
Ireland ;  and  says  his  lord  or  master  was  Milchuo,  who  would 
not  release  him  without  a  ransom,  and  one  of  the  hogs  dug  up 
a  lump  of  gold  with  which  he  bought  his  liberty.  . 

MiLFFWRDD,  corruptly,  k  Milford. 

MiNCius,  a  river  which  watereth  the  city  Mantua  in  Italy. 
In  the  Celtic,  Myngwy  or  Mynwy.     See  Myngxvy. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  311 

MiNDDU.  Owen  Finddu,  un  o  feibion  Maxen  ap  Uywarch. 
See  PMig. 

MiNWYN  (Y),  author  of  a  British  grammar.     {E,  Llwyd) 

MiRMANTUN,  in  Nennius  (c.  21),  Caer  Cwstaint  in  some  copies, 
Caer  Segent  or  Segunt,  which  is  said  to  be  Caer  yn  Arvon,  where 
Constantins  Chlorus  is  by  some  said  to  be  buried,  by  others 
doubted.  Some  take  it  to  be  York,  without  emy  foundation  but 
a  maiginal  note  in  one  of  the  copies.  In  some  MSS.  of  Nennius 
it  is  called  Mirmantun,  Mimmaton,  Miimantoniam,  Merman- 
turn  ;  and  by  Camden  read  Murimandum.  But,  after  all^  should 
it  not  be  rea4  Mwmaendin,  t.  e,,  the  stone-walled  city  ?  Nen- 
nius  says  that  Constantius  sowed  three  kinds  of  seed  in  the 
pavement  of  that  city,  so  that  the  place  might  never  be  poor 
(viz.,  gold,  silver,  and  brass,  as  the  Cottonian  copy  has  it).  The 
meaning  is,  he  buried  great  quantities  of  Roman  coin  there,  aa 
the  Bomans  did  in  most  places  where  they  settled. 

Mithras,  a  Persian  deity  worshipped  •  all  over  the  Soman 
empire  and  in  Gaul  and  Britain  (Stukely's  Palceol),  called  by 
the  Bomans  Sol  Invicttis.  There  were  horse-races  instituted  in 
honour  of  the  Sun  or  Mithras,  the  Mediator  or  Messias.  There 
are  no  remains  or  tradition  of  the  worship  of  Mithras  in  the 
British,  it  being  no  part  of  the  Druidical  religion. 

MocHDRE,  Montgomeryshire. 

MocHGARN  (n.  L).     Rhys  Goch  o  Fochgam,  a  poet. 

MocHNANT,  a  river's  name;  literally  a  swift  brook:  hence 
Uanrhaiadr  ym  Mochnant.  Here  is  a  surprising  cataract  called 
Pistyll  Rhaiadr:  hence  Mochnant,  a  country  in  Montgomery- 
shire. 

Ar  derfyn  MechaiQ  a  MochnaQt. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Lin.  ap  lorwerth, 

Mochnant  diheachwant  erchwynawc  gwledig, 
Gwlad  Vrochfael  Ysgithrawc. 

OynddelWf  i  Ywain  ap  Madog. 

Mochnant  is  Rhaiadr,  a  commot  of  Cantre  Rhaiadr,  part  of 
Powys  Vadog.     (Powd.) 

Mochnant  uwch  Rhaiadr,  part  of  Powys  Wenwynwyn,  a 
commot  of  Cantre'r  Fyrnwy. 

MocHNANWYS,  the  people  of  Mochnant. 

Glew  gly w  Mochnanwys  o  Bywys  beu. — Hirlas  0.  Gyfeiliog. 


312  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

MocHNO  :  see  Corz  Fochmo. 

MoGHROS,  where  Dyfrig  had  a  college  for  study  and  devotion. 
See  Henllan. 

MOCHUDD  (n.  1.). 

MoDBON,  merch  AfallacL     (Tr.  52.) 

Ceisio  medm  cais  Modron 

O'r  gaer  fraith  ar  gwrr  y  fron. — P.  ap  Owilym, 

MoDYR,  a  governor. 

Ef  medrws  Modyr  hennriaid 
Mai  medra  modrydaf  ar  haid. 

Prydydd  y  Mochy  i  Bodri  ap  Owain. 

/.  6.,  he  can  govern  the  elders  like  patting  a  hive  on  a  swarm  of 
bees. 

MoEL,  in  English,  bald ;  used  in  the  composition  of  the  names 
of  places  and  surnames  of  men,  and  doth  not  mean  mons,  as 
Dr.  Davies  says.  Moel  Ehedog ;  Moel  y  Wyddfa ;  Moel  Wnnio 
or  Wynnio ;  Moel  y  Don  ;  Tal  y  Foel ;  Moel  Llwydiarth ;  Moel- 
fre  ;  Moel  Sioba ;  Y  Eocl ;  Y  Voelgoch ;  Y  Voel-las  ;  Moelwyn, 
a  gentleman's  seat  and  a  mountain  in  Meirion  {E.  Lhoyd) ;  Y 
Foel  in  Ehiwlas  (J.  D.) ;  Idwal  Foel,  a  Prince  of  Wales ;  lor- 
werth  Foel,  etc.,  etc.    Hence  the  Vale,  a  hill  near  Abergavenny. 

MoEL  T  Glo,  a  gentleman's  seat.     (J,  D) 

MoEL  Enlli,  a  moimtain  not  far  from  DyflFryn  Clwyd,  on  the 
top  of  which  there  is  a  military  fence  or  rampire.  {Camden^ 
Probably  Moel  y  Benlli  Gawr,  who  was  lord  of  lal  A.D.  450, 

Moel  y  Donn,  a  place,  in  Anglesey  where  there  is  a  ferry 
over  the  Menai ;  corruptly  called  Bol  }l  Donn.  Tal  y  Voel  is  a 
place  not  far  off,  anciently  called  Tal  Mc^vre. 

Moel  yr  Henllys,  in  Montgomeryshire,  where  some  British 
brass  weapons  were  found  in  the  last  century.     (J?.  Llwyd.) 

Moel  y  Wyddfa,  the  highest  mountain  in  Eiryri  See  Y 
Wyddfa. 

Moel  y  Fammau. 

Moel  Gylan. 

Moel  y  Mwnd, 

Moel  Siabod. 

Moeleiu,  a  base  son  of  Ywain  Cyfeiliog. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  313 

MoELGROVE,  Penbrokeshire. 

MoELVRB,  a  mountain  near  Cors  y  Gedol  (k  mod  and  hrt), 

MoELFRE,  a  harbour  and  village  in  Anglesey. 

MoELFRE,  a  gentleman's  seat.  Llwyd's  of  Moelfre.  [Llanslin. 
—  W,  2>.]     See  Tal  y  Foel 

MoELFRYCH.  leuan  Foelfrych.  Llewelyn  Crach  ap  y  Moel- 
frych.  Llewelyn  Moel  y  Pantri.  Surnames  now  wrote  Moyle, 
as  John  Moyle,  Wm.  Moyle,  etc.,  etc. 

MoELGRWN.    Llywelyn  FoelgrwiL 

MoEUWRCH,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J,  2>.) 

MoELRHONiAiD  (Tnys),  the  Skerry  Island  near  Holyhead 
literally  the  Isle  of  Seals. 

MOELTAF :  see  ifaeldaf. 

MoELWTN  (T),  a  mountain  in  Meirion.     {H.  Llwyd) 

MoELYN  (Y)  o  Fuellt.  Llewelyn  oedd  ei  enw  bedydd.  [Uyfr 
Adity  fol.  117.) 

MoELYRCH.    Y  Plas  ym  Moelyrch.     {Qutto'r  Olyn.) 

MoESEN,  Moses. 

MoBTHUS.    Llewelyn  Foethus. 

MoGOTWAS  and  Mygotwas,  in  the  Triades  (74),  explained  by 
Mr.  E.  Yaughan  Aneirin,    See  Anetirin, 

Mold,  parish  in  Flintshire,  a  village  and  castle ;  in  Welsh, 
Yr  Wyddgrug. 

MoLERAiN,  a  place  in  Anglesey  mentioned  by  Caradoc  (Powel's 
edit.,  p.  42),  where,  in  a.d.  900,  a  battle  was  fought  between  the 
natives  and  Igmond  the  Dane.  Dr.  Powel,  in  his  Notes,  says 
that  in  some  copies  the  ba^l^le  was  called  Maes  Bhos  Meilon,  and 
that  Mervyn  was  slain  Ihere  ;  but  the  manuscript  Appendix  to 
Tyssilio  says  he  was  jlled  by  his  own  men  in  the  year  898. 
This  may  possibly  be  Ehos  Feilw  near  Holyhead ;  but  there  is 
no  place  in  Anglesey  that  sounds  like  Molerain  except  Mbelvre, 
which  is  in  another  part  of  the  island. 

MoLWYNOG,  fill],  plenteous ;  used  as  a  surname ;  as,  Rhodri 
Molwynog ;  Hedd  Molwynog ;  Meiiir  Molwynog.  [Englyn. 
Bedd) 

MdN,  Tir  Mon,  Anglesey ;  the  Mona  of  Tacitus ;  called  also 
Mon  mam  Cymru,  or  Mon  the  Mother  of  Wales,  for  its  plenty. 
See  my  notes  on  Mon  in  Diet.  Dr.  Davies.     See  Anglesey. 

40 


314  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

MoN  Fynydd,  a  name  of  Anglesey  to  distinguish  it  from  the 
other  Mon  or  Monaw,  the  Isle  of  Man,  the  first  being  Mountain 
Mon,  the  other  Sea  Man,  or  Mon  in  the  Sea. 

MdR,  the  sea,  used  in  names  of  some  places  and  people ; 
as,  Llannerch  y  Mor ;  Glan  y  Mor ;  Dinmor  or  Dingmor ;  Ar  y 
Mor  Ucha,  i,  e.,  Aremorica  in  Gaul.  Morinwyr,  i,  e,,  Morini  (i 
mor  and  Bhin), 

Mr.  Edward  Ilwyd  says  that  mor  and  mar  and  mSr  anciently 
signified  water  as  well  as  sea,  as  does  llyr  also  ;  and  in  order  to 
prove  this,  that  Ogmor,  the  name  of  a  river  in  Glamorganshire 
and  in  Caernarvonshire,  means  eogmor,  or  salmon-water;  and 
that  Marias,  a  river  in  Carmarddenshire,  and  Morlas,  a  river  in 
Glamorganshire,  are  of  the  same  origin ;  and  that  m£r  in  the 
■word  cymmer  signifies  water,  and  in  mSrhelig  or  water-willow. 

All  these  are  guesses,  but  backed  by  no  manner  of  authorities. 
As  such  positions  as  these  tend  to  confound  all  languages  by 
making  one  word  to  run  through  all  the  vowels,  which  etymolo- 
gists are  too  apt  to  do  when  they  are  at  a  loss  for  the  derivation 
of  a  word,  we  '11  see  what  can  be  said  to  the  contrary,  so  that 
every  word  may  keep  its  own  primitive  sound,  as  the  wise 
founders  of  languages  certainly  intended  they  should,  and  as  the 
nature  of  things  requires.  Ogmor  might  signify  the  greatest  Og, 
if  there  is  another  hard  by,  or  runs  into  it,  that  was  called  Og- 
fach,  as  Dwyfor  and  Dwyfach,  near  Criccieth  in  Caemarvou- 
shire ;  for  maiur  in  composition  is  often  pronounced  m^or,  as 
Coetmor  for  Coedmawr ;  Mordaf,  a  man*s  name,  for  Mawrdda ; 
and  Mordaf,  a  river  in  Shropshire,  as  Mr.  Uwyd  confesses,  sig- 
nifies a  great  brook,  which,  by  the  by,  means  the  great  Tav,  as 
310  doubt  there  is  a  little  Tav  hard  by  [not  to  my  knowledge. — 
W,  2).],  But  the  true  name  of  the  river  which  in  our  times 
they  called  Ogmore,  is  Ogwr.  So  the  whole  argument  has  no 
foundation.     Glyn  Ogwr,  etc. 

MoR  ap  Pasgen  ap  Uried  Beged. 
.    M6r  Awst,  the  mouth  of  the  Severn,  q.  d.  Augustus's  sea.  A 
street  in  Caermarthen  called  Heol  Awst. 

M6r  Mawr  (Y),  the  great  sea  or  ocean. 

M6r  Marw  (Y),  (this  is  said  to  be  the  only  word  extant  of 
the  language  of  the  ancient  Cimbrians,  produced  by  Pliny  out 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  315 

of  Philemon,-^ -Mbrmanwa),  the  Dead  Sea  (Camden) ;    and 
H;  Uwyd  before  him,  which  he  doth  not  own. 
M6r  Hafren,  the  Severn  Sea,  Bristol  Channel. 

0  Ljdaw  o  draw  o  drwy  Mor  Hafren. 

Prydydd  y  Moch,  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

M8r  Ucha  (Y),  the  upper  sea.  This  was  the  ancient  Celtic  or 
Gaulish  name  of  the  sea  between  Gaul  and  Britain,  and  the 
inhabitants  on  that  sea-coast  were  called  Gwyr  ar  y  mor  ucha, 
which  was  Latinized  Aremorica.  This  sea  was  by  the  Irish 
called  Muimid  (Flaherty,  p.  403),  and  by  Latin  writers  Maris 
Ictii;  and  Galis,  its  chief  sea-port  was  called  Portus  Icdics 
(H.  Llwyd,  Brit  Descr.),  naturally  enough  made  out  of  Forth 
Ucha;  and  the  Armoricans  are  called  in  Irish  Armuirich,  See 
Amwrica, 

MORACH  MORFRAN. 

Pan  fu  gyfeddach  Forach  Forfran. — Hirlas  Owen, 

MoRBEN.    Rhisiart  Owen  or  Morben. 
MoRDA  and  Mordaf  (n.  pr.  v.).    Several  men  of  this  name, 
both  Irish  and  Welsh.     Hence  Llanvorda, 

Llaw  Forda  rasol  Haw  Fair  drosoch. — Ttidur  Aled, 

MoRDAF  Hael,  one  of  the  three  generous  men  of  Britain.  He 
\vas  the  son  of  Servan.     {Tr.  8.) 

MoRDAi,  a  man's  name  in  Hoianau  Myrddin. 

MoRDEiRN  (n.  pr.  v.),  recti  Mordeym. 

MoRDEiRN  Sant,  yn  Nantglyn.  I  have  a  poem  in  praise  of 
this  saint  by  Davydd  ap  lin.  ap  Madog.  The  poet  makes  him 
a  grandson  of  Cunedda  Wledig,  and  son  of  a  king,  and  a  relation 
of  Dewi  Sant.     His  legend  is — 

"  When  many  of  thy  relations  of  the  20,000  saints  went  to 
Ynys  Enlli,  a  causeway  arose  out  of  the  sea,  and  suffered  them 
to  go  to  the  island ;  and  when  the  sea,  after  their  passing  over, 
overflowed  the  place,  thou  went  on  thy  golden-maned  horse 
over  the  waters  without  wetting  a  hoof;  and  from  thence  thou 
had  thy  name,  Mordeirn  [the  sovereign  of  the  sea. —  W.  D.] 
Thou  wert  a  confessor,  and  thy  home  is  in  the  valley  of  Nant- 
glyn, where  thou  hast  a  house  and  a  sacrifice  {aberth),  and  thy 
grave  is  there,  and  thy  curious  image  which  gives  health  to  the 


316  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

sick.  Thou  art  a  blessed  doctor,  curing  pain,  deafness,  blindness, 
the  mad  and  dumb,  preserving  the  person's  cattle  for  a  year  that 
visits  thy  tomb.  Several  gifts  of  wax  and  gold  are  brought 
thee." 

The  fryers  had  a  share  with  him  of  these  presents  we  may 
suppose. 

MOREIDDIG  or  MORIDDIG  (u.  pr.  V.). 

Oedd  rym  gwr  Moreiddig  ynn 
Oedd  garw  Moreiddig  Warwyn. 

Bh.  Torwerth^  i  Sir  W.  Vychan. 

MoRFAWR  ap  Caden  ap  Cjman, — an  id.  Mor  ? 

MoRFiL  or  MoRFUL,  a  parish  in  Penbrokeshire. 

MoRFRAN  (n,  pr.  v.). 

MoRFRAN,  father  of  Myrddin  Wyllt. 

MoRFRAN,  a  poet  mentioned  by  Cyiiddelw  Brydydd  Mawr. 

MoRFRAN,  mab  Tegit,  a  man  so  notoriously  deformed  that  he 
escaped  in  the  battle  of  Camlan  from  being  killed  because  they 
thought  he  was  the  DeviL  (Tr,  85.)  Morfran  eil  Tegit.  (Tr.  29.) 
See  Hanes  Taliesin  in  prose.  The  poetical  story  is  this:  He 
was  so  ill  favoured  in  his  youth  that  his  mother,  Caridwen, 
being  well  skilled  in  chymistry  and  philosophy,  and  intending 
to  give  him  some  qualifications  of  the  mind,  as  he  had  none  of 
the  body,  gathered  all  manner  of  plants  which  she  knew  would 
make  a  decoction  of  that  virtue  as  to  make  him  a  poet  and  an 
orator.  Gwion  Bach,  the  poet,  happening  to  come  by,  was 
employed  to  attend  the  fire  of  this  chymical  process,  and,  watch- 
ing the  critical  minute,  ran  away  with  the  virtue  of  the  decoc- 
tion ;  who  afterwards,  by  the  transmigration  of  his  soul,  became 
Taliesin  the  poet,  who,  like  Pythagoras,  remembered  himself  to 
have  been  Gwion  Bach,  Myrddin  Emrys,  and  great  many  other 
learned  men,  and  all  his  transmigrations  before  he  came  to  be 

Taliesin,  beginning 

Prif  fardd  cyffredin 

YdwyfiElphin, 
Joolishly  called  the  errors  of  Taliesin  by  Kicolson,  etc. 

MORFYD. 

MoRGAiN,  a  woman's  name.  There  was  a  lady,  a  noble  matron 
of  this  name,  called  Morgain  le  Fay,  a  relation  of  King  Arthur 


CELTIC  REMAINS.        '  317 

probably  the  Abbess  of  Glastonbuiy),  who  conveyed  the  body 
of  King  Arthur  after  the  battle  of  Oamlan,  and  buried  it  in 
Ynys  Avallon.  Giraldus  Cambrensis  says  the  Britons  in  their 
songs  feigned  this  Morgain  to  be  a  goddess  who  understood  the 
cure  of  Arthur,  who,  when  he  recovers,  is  to  reign  over  them 
again.     (See  Sir  John  Price,  p.  131.) 

Morgan  and  Morgant  (n.  pr.  v.),  the  same  with  Cynvor;  Ir., 
Keanmdr ;  Arm,,  Penfras ;  and  Greathead.     {E.  Llioyd) 

Pwylla  Forgant  ef  a'i  wyr. — Llywarch  Hen, 

Neu'r  orwydd  yngorenw  Morgant 
Ar  filwyr  Prydain  pedrydant. 

Prydydd  y  Moch,  i  Ld.  ap  lorwerth. 

Morgan  ap  Arthal,  the  39th  King  of  Britain. 

Morgan  Mwyn  Vawr,  i.  e.,  Great  Morgan  the  Kind ;  un  o'r 
tri  rhuddfoawc  Ynys  Brydain.     {Tr.  25.) 

Carr  Morgan  Mwyn  Vawr  was  one  of  the  thirteen  rarities  of 
Britain, — un  o'r  tri  thlws  ar  ddeg.  Any  one  sitting  in  this 
chariot  or  chaise,  and  wishing  himself  in  any  place,  was  there 
immediately.  It  seems  this  was  a  common  and  free  chariot 
kept  by  this  generous  man,  or  some  kind  of  a  carriage  of  that 
nature. 

Morgan  Morganwg.  Bedd  Morgan  Morganwg,  between  Mar- 
gam  and  Cynffig,  where  the  inscription  is  of  Pumpeius  Caranto- 
pius.  {Camden  and  Llwyd)  This  name  was  by  the  ancients 
wrote  Morgant. 

Morgant  Vychan  ap  Morgant  ap  Howel. 

Morganwg, Gwlad  Forgan,and  Gwlad  Morganwg,  the  country 
called  in  English,  by  corruption,  Glamorgan,  for  Gwladmorgan : 
so  named  from  Morgan,  a  Prince  of  that  country.  Camden 
would  derive  it  from  m<5r,  the  sea,  because  it  lies  on  the  sea,  and 
says  that  some  would  derive  it  from  a  monastery  there.  Had 
not  the  country  a  name  before  the  use  of  monasteries  ?  And 
why  is  not  Penbrokeshire  and  all  other  countries  on  the  sea 
called  Morganwg  ?  And  lastly,  why  should  not  a  national  tradi- 
tion take  place  before  Mr.  Camden's  guesses  ? 

MoRGENEU  Ynad,  ap  Madog. 

MoRGENEY  (n.  pr.  v.),  or  Urgency ;  perhaps  Gwrgeneu.  {Cava- 
doc  in  Edwal  ap  Meyric.) 


318  CELTIC   REMAINS. 

MoRHAiARN  Sant.  The  church  of  Trewalchmai  in  Anglesey 
is  dedicated  to  him.     (Br,  Willis,) 

MoRiAL  ap  Cyndrwyn.  {Llywarch  Sen  in  Marwnad  Cyndy- 
lan.) 

MoRiDDiG  ap  Sandde  Hardd. 

MoRi£N)  a  man.    Tir  Morien,  Morien's  land. 

Adar  Mair  o  dir  Morien 
Dyma  sail  o  Domas  Hen. 

P.  op  Edmumtf  i  Demos  Salbri  o  LeweoL 

Marw  Morien  mar  trin. 

Ciif,  Myrddin  a  Owenddydd, 

MoRiNWYR  {k  mor,  the  sea ;  Ehin,  the  Ehine ;  and  gwyr,  men), 
the  people  inhabiting  between  the  river  Bhine  and  the  sea,  caUed 
by  Bede  (1.  i,c.  1)  Morini.  A  colony  of  these  came*  over  in  ancient 
times,  and  settled  about  Portland  in  Dorsetshire,  and  were  called 
by  the  Britons  by  a  name  equivalent  to  Morini,  Ihordrigwyr. 
See  Durotriges, 

MoRLAis,  river.  Rhyd  Morlas,  where  GwSn,  son  of  Llywarch 
Hen,  was  killed  by  the  Saxons. 

MoRLAls  is  also  the  name  of  a  river  in  Glamorganshire,  and 
signifies  mawr  lais,  or  great  sound ;  and  it  is  possible  that  Cym- 
mer  may  be  a  mistake  for  Gymmar  or  Cydmar,  a  fellow ;  q.  d. 
fellow  rivers,  or  the  confluence  of  rivers.  Mirhdyg  may  be  for 
their  softness  and  pliable  nature  beyond  other  wiUows,  may  be 
called  so,  as  the  marrow  of  willows,  which  is  the  meaning  of 
TJfiir  in  the  British. 

MoRLAis  Castle  in  Morganwg,  near  the  confines  of  Breck- 
nockshire [about  three  miles  north-east  of  Merthyr  Tudful,  on  as 
bold  a  situation,  on  a  high  hill,  as  any  inland  castle  in  Wales. 
Steepness  on  one  side,  and  Taf  Fechan  on  the  other,  and  deep 
trenches  cut  in  the  solid  rock.  It  forms  an  irregular  pentagon. 
All  the  works  within  and  without  the  trench  include  an  acre  of 
ground. —  W,D.] 

MoRLAlx,  in  Britanny  in  France,  and  the  siimame  of  the 
family  of  Morley,  from  Morlais  Castle  in  Morganwg  (i  mawr- 
lais).     See  Bhyd  Farias, 

MoRRAN :  see  Caervorran, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  319 

Morris,  Maurice,  Morice,  Moris,  is  a  modem  name  in  Wales, 
as  some  say  from  the  British  Mawr  rwysg,  hut  more  prohably 
from  the  Latin  Mauritius,  for  it  is  not  to  he  met  with  in  very 
ancient  manuscripts. 

MoRTUN  (n.  1.  in  Cylchau  Cymru),  Moreton.  Sandde  Hardd 
o  Fortun.    [Ehedyn  Mortun,  near  Maesir. — W.  2?.] 

MoRUDD  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Y  mac  eryr  fal  M6nidd 

A  Hew  yn  1^1  a  Haw  Nudd. — letmn  Brydydd  Hir, 

Hence  Caer  Forudd,  corruptly  Caer  Forwyn. 

MoRUDD,  the  29th  King  of  Britain. 

MQrudd,  corruptly  Morrudd,  the  Channel  between  Britain  and 
Gaul ;  from  mdr,  sea,  and  udd,  king ;  i,  e.,  the  king's  sea. 

Fy  nhafawd  yn  frawd  ar  Frython 

O  For  Udd  hyd  For  Iwerddon. — Prydydd  y  Mocli, 

Khoist  ar  gythlwng  rhwystr  gwythlawn 
Ar  For  Udd  aerfa  fawr  iawn. 

lolo  Ooch,  to  Edward  III. 
Gelyn  faost  i'r  Galais  (t.  «.,  Calais). 

M6r-Eudd,  the  Eed  Sea  (Dr.  Davies) ;  the  British  Sea  says 
D.  Kwyd  ap  Llewelyn  ap  Gruffudd. 

MoRWERYDD.  Camden  (in  Lothien)  says  that  the  Fvlogium 
(i.e.,Nennius)  calls  Edenborough  Frith  Monviridh  ;  but  this  must 
1)0  examined  into,  for  Morwerydd  is  Solway  Frith,  and  called  so 
because  opposite  to  Ireland,  q.  d.  Mor  y  Werddon.  This  is  a 
slip  of  Mr.  Camden,  for  Nennius  doth  not  mention  Morwerydd  ; 
but  perhaps  it  is  another  Eulogium,  Ehun  ap  Maelgwn  landed 
■with  his  fleet  after  he  had  chased  the  fleet  of  the  northern 
princes  who,  with  Elidir  Mwynfawr,  had  come  to  North  Wales 
to  claim  the  crown  in  right  of  his  wife.  So  that  it  could  by  no 
means  be  Edenborough,  which  is  on  the  German  Ocean.  See 
Fenrhyn  Ehionydd.  See  also  Camden  in  the  beginning  of  his 
description  of  Ireland,  where  he  calls  the  Irish  Sea  Morweridd, 
H.  Llwyd  Latinizes  it  Mare  Virginis  or  Mare  ffibemicum.  See 
Ewerddon, 

MoRWYDD,  daughter  of  Urien  Eeged.     (IV.  52.) 

MoSTONE,  in  Boomsday  Book,  corruptly  for  Mostyn  in  Flint- 
shire. 


320  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

MosTUN  aud  MosTYN,  nomen  loconim  et  virorunL 

Llaw  Duw'n  lal  lie  doe  yn  un 

Llew  aur  feistr  a  lloer  Fostan. — Wiliam  LUyn. 

ond  grossyn,  yn  byw 

Na  bai  Domas  Mostyn. — W.  Lleyn. 

MoSTYN,  the  name  of  a  place  in  Flintshire  ;  and  since  Henry 
Villus  time,  as  Camden  says,  is  the  surname  of  the  family 
that  have  since  enjoyed  it.  These  are  his  words :  "An  ancient 
worshipful  gentleman  of  Wales  being  called  at  the  pannel  of 
jury  by  the  name  of  Thomas  ap  William  ap  Thomas  ap  Richard 
ap  Hoel  ap  Evan  Vaughan,  etc.,  was  advised  by  the  judge  to 
leave  that  old  manner,  whereupon  he  after  called  himseK  Mofh 
tan,  according  to  the  name  of  his  principal  house,  and  left  that 
surname  to  his  posterity."     (Camden,  Bemaina,  p.  145.) 

MowDDWY,  part  of  Powys  Wenwynwyn.  Han  y  Mowddwy, 
a  parish  and  church  in  Merionethshire,  said  to  be  once  part  of 
the  deanery  of  Cyfeiliog.     St.  Tydecho.    See  JHnas  y  Mowddwy. 

MuGNACH  GoRR,  father  of  Fflur. 

MuNiciP.  Caer  Muijicip  {Nennivs),  Verulamium,  now  St. 
Alban's. 

MuR,  a  wall  (Lat  murvs),  in  the  names  of  places.  Hendre'r 
Mur,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Trawfynydd,  in  Meirion;  and  qu. 
whether  Mirmantun  in  Nennius  be  not  of  the  same  origin,  Mur^- 
maendin,  because  enclosed  with  a  stone  wall 

Mur  Sever,  Severus's  Wall.    See  Gfwal  Sever. 

MURDDIN,  i.  e.,  Caer  Vyrddin ;  supposed  by  some  of  the  same 
origin. 

MuRNACH :  see  Umack  and  Caer  Fumadi. 

MuRCASTBLL,  a  place  on  the  borders  of  North  Wales.  (Powel, 
Oaradoc,  p.  173.)  Thus  far  came  Henry  I  with  all  the  power 
of  England,  Scotland,  and  Cornwall,  against  Gruffudd  ap  Cynan, 
A.D.  1113,  to  Pennant  Bachwy;  but  peace  was  made.  See 
Bdchvy. 

MuROTRiGES,  Somersetshire. 

MWG  Mawrdrefydd,  a  Saxon  Prince,  father  of  Gwyllty  Dra- 
hawg,  and  son  of  Ossa  Gyllell  Fawr,  who  fought  with  Arthur  in 
Mynydd  Baddon, — the  battle  on  Badon  Hill,  A.D.  520,  0.  C. 

MwNCTON,  q.  d.  Monkstown,  near  Pembroke  town. 


C£LT1C  R£MAINS.  321 

MwBETP,  a  countiy  in  North  Britain,  called  also  Reget,  of 
which  Urien  Beged,  King  of  that  country,  took  his  cognomen. 
See  Urien  Beged,  Here  the  Scots  and  Picts  had  three  battles 
with  Eong  Arthur.     {TyssUio.) 

MwBOO  Sant.  lianfwrog  in  Denbighshire  and  Anglesey;  also 
Bodfwrog,  a  church,  vulgo  Bodwrog. 

MwsoGLEN  or  MwsoGLAN  (u.  L),  in  Anglesey. 

MwYNDEG,  I  suppose  an  appellative,  for  I  find  it  explained 
thus :  Davydd  i  gelwid  y  Mwyndeg  yn  iawn  enw  a  hwnnw  (the 
author)  oedd  Lewis  Aled. 

MwYNFAWB.     Morgant  Mwynfawr. 

MwYTHiG :  see  Amurythig,  q.  d.  Amwyddig. 

Mychi>eykn,  a  prince. 

Myr  meddgym  mychdeym  Mecbain. 

OyndddWf  i  Yw.  Cyfeiliog. 
Myddwy  river.     See  Dinfyddvry. 

Myddfai  (fl.),  falls  into  Towi,  qu.  ? 

Myddfai,  a  village  near  lianamddy&i  in  Caermarthenshire. 

See  Meddygon  Myddfai,    Fairs  kept  here. 

Myfanwy,  vulgo  Myddanwy,  verch  Llewelyn  ap  Ywain,  or 

Mefanwy. 

O  fynaig  byd  rwymgwyd  rwy 

O  fynor  Gaer  F^fanwy. — Howel  ap  Eigiiion, 

Myfyrian,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Anglesey. 

Mygit.     Caer  Mygit.    {Tr.)^  See  Meivod. 

Myllin  Sant.  Ilanvyllin  in  Powysland.  See  Melchin.  Cam- 
den says  he  is  fully  persuaded  that  this  is  the  Mediolanum  of 
Antoninus  and  Ptolemy;  for  Millano  in  Italy,  Le  Million  in 
Xantoigne,  and  Methlan  in  the  Low  Countries,  were  also  called 
Mediolanum.  {Camden  in  Montgomeryshire.)  Mr.  Edward 
Llwyd  in  his  notes,  after  praising  Mr.  Camden  for  his  ingenuity, 
disagrees  with  him,  and  places  Mediolanum  at  Meivod,  three 
miles  south  of  Llanvyllin,  a  mile  below  Matliraval,  on  the  north 
side  of  the  river  Mymwy,  where  Dr.  Powell  had  placed  it  in  his 
notes  on  Giraldus  Cambrensis,  before  Camden  wrote  his  Britan- 
nia.  Meivod,  as  Bishop  Usher  supposes,  is  called  by  Kennius 
Caer  Metguod ;  but  what  the  words  Meguid,  Metguod,  Meivod, 
or  Mediolanum^  might  signify  is  hardly  intelligible  (says  Mr. 

41 


322  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Llwyd)  at  present ;  at  leastwise  I  cannot  discern  (says  he)  the 
modem  British  affords  us  any  information  concerning  the  origin 
of  these  names.  (E.  Llwyd,  Notes  on  Oamden,  Montgomeryshire.) 
But  see  Meivod,  and  perhaps  you  may  be  informed. 

Myllteykn,  a  parish,  Caernarvonshire.    See  Edeym. 

Mymbyr  or  Membyr,  a  man's  name.  Caer  Fymbyr,  Coventry. 
{Tho8,  Williams)  Ffynnon  Fymbyr,  a  lake  near  the  Gludair, 
within  a  mile  of  Troed  y  Widdfa.  The  water  of  this  lake  runs 
through  two  other  lakes,  and  so  to  Capel  Curig,  and  so  to  the 
river  Uugwy.     See  my  map. 

Mynach,  a  river  in  Cardiganshire.  Pont  ar  Fynach,  the 
DeviPs  Bridge. 

Mynaich  or  Mynych,  vulgo  Manachod ;  in  English,  monks. 
Llan  y  Mynych,  church  and  parish,  Shropshira  Tir  y  Mynych, 
a  lordship,  Cardiganshire.  Mynachdy  or  Monachdy,  i.  e.,  monk's 
house,  places  where  jnonasteries  have  been. 

Mynach  Nowmon,  or  Manach  Nowmod,  Elidir  Mwynfawr's 
counsellor.    (JV.  Jf.  1.) 

Mynan.    Mad  Mynan. 

Myngan  (n.  pr.  v.).    Cyrchu  Myngan  o  Veigen.    {Tr,  63.) 

Mynguy,  wrote  anciently  for  Mynwy. 

Mynnau  and  Mynne,  the  Alps.    Mynydd  Mynnau.    {Tr.  90.) 

Mynogan,  or  MoNOGAN,  or  I^ocak  (as  Nennius),  the  69th 
King  of  Britain. 

Mynogi,  qu.  whether  a  pr.  n.  ? 

Am  Yadawc  mynawo  mynw  haeloni 
Medel  glyw  glewdraws  maws  Mynogi. 

Oynddelw^  i  Gad.  ap  Madog. 

Hydraws  hydraidd  maws  a  Mynogi. 

Llewelyn  Varddj  i  Enlli. 

Mynydawc  Eydyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  at  the  battle  of  Cattraeth.  (Tr. 
36.)     See  Eydyn. 

Mynydd,  properly  a  mountain.  Cwmmwd  y  Mynydd,  one  of 
the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Gwent  in  Swydd  Gwent. 

Mynydd  Bannawc  :  see  Bannarvc. 

Mynydd  Cadakn  (Y),  q.  d.  Montfort.  larll  y  Mynydd  Cadam 
a  3000  o  wyr  a  laddodd  Drahaem  fal  y  caffai  Eudaf  y  gorou. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  323 

{Brut  y  BrenlUn.)  GalMd,  in  the  Latin,  has  it  the  magistrate 
of  a  certain  privileged  town. 

Mtntdd  Carn,  in  South  Wales,  where  a  battle  was  fought  for 
the  Principality  of  Wales  by  Gruflydd  ap  Cynan  and  Trahayam, 
AD.  1079,  and  Trahaem  killed.  {Meilir  Brydydd)  Called  by 
Caiadoc  Mynydd  Camo ;  but  in  Oeslyfr,  Mjrnydd  Carn. 

Myittod  Fawb  (Y),  a  mountain  in  EryrL 

Mtntdd  Gelu  Onnsn  :  see  Odli  Onnen. 

Myntdd  Mihangel,  a  place  in  Armorica.    See  Bedd  Elen. 

Mtntdd  Maon. 

IJn  yssjm  a  rown  Mynydd  Maon.— Hoiaii.  Myrddin. 

Mtntdd  t  Drtmmau,  by  Neath. 

Mtntw,  or  Menai,  or  Meneu,  and  anciently  wrote  Menew 
(JP.  Llioyd),  Menevia,  St.  David's. 

Pennaf  i'th  famaf  i'th  fyw 
O  Pon  hyd  yn  nby  Pynyw. 

B,  lAwyd  op  Rh,  ap  Rhiecert, 
See  Hen  Fynyw,    The  archbishop's  see  was  removed  by  Dewi 
from  CaerUion.     See  Dvbndus, 

Mtnwt,  Monmouth  town  in  Monmouthshire^  on  the  river 
Mynwy  {k  mon  and  gwy,  says  Leland).    Fairs  are  kept  here. 

Lloegr  wrthryn  tra  Uyn  Llwmynnwy. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  L.  ap  lorwerth. 

Mtrngwt,  wrote  anciently  for  Mymwy. 

Mtknwt  river,  anciently  Mymgwy.  (Maravonia.  Dr,  FowdL 
—W.  D)     See  YFymwy. 

Mtbddin  (n.  pr.  v.).  There  were  two  noted  Britons  of  this 
name.    The  first  was 

Mtrddin  Emrts,  called  Emreis  in  the  Triad  90,  a  great 
mathematician  and  philosopher,  who  flourished  about  the  year 
450.  He  was  a  Cambro-Briton,  and  bom  at  Caer  Fyrddin,  i.  e., 
Gaermarthen,  in  Wales.  His  mother  was  a  nun,  and  daughter 
to  the  King  of  Dyfed  or  Demetia.  His  father  was  probably  the 
abbot,  or  some  nobleman,  otherwise  his  mother  would  have  [been] 
prosecuted ;  but  she  was  suffered  to  conceal  his  father,  and  to 
give  out  that  he  was  begot  by  a  spirit  who  lay  with  her  in  her 
sleep.  The  poets  call  him  Anap  y  ZUian ;  that  is,  the  mischance 
of  the  nun ;  which  Dr.  Davies,.  in  his  Catalogue,  mistook  for  a 


324  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

proper  name,  and  wrote  it  An  ap  y  lieian,  and  so  haa  Mr.  E. 
liwyd,  as  if  his  name  had  been  An  the  son  of  the  Nan  ;  but 
Lewis  Glyn  Cothi  explains  this : 

Tad  y  niab  nid  adnabn 
{Anap  ei/am)  nob  pwy  fa. 

Some  Latin  writers  call  him  Merlinus  Ambrosias,  from  Aurelius 
Ambrose,  as  Sir  John  Prise  thinks  in  p.  10.  Nennius*  interpo- 
lator confounds  him  with  Aurelius  Ambrosius,  and  caUs  him 
Embreys  Glautic ;  but  Emrys  Wledig  is  the  British  name  of  the 
King  Aurelius  Ambrosius ;  and  he  says  his  mother  was  afraid 
of  owning  the  father  lest  she  should  be  sentenced  to  die  for  it. 
But  that  the  boy  owned  to  King  Vortigern  that  his  father  was 
a  Roman,  says  nothing  of  his  being  the  son  of  an  Incubus. 
{Eulog,  Brit,  c.  42.)  He  says  that  King  Vortigern's  messengers 
found  him  "  ad  Campum  Electi  in  regione  quae  vocatur  Okvi- 
sing"  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  owns  he  doth  not  know  any  places 
of  this  name  (Llwyd's  Note) ;  but  in  his  Notes  on  Flintshire 
there  is  a  place  of  this  name  mentioned.    ' 

I  have  met  with  nothing  of  his  works  tliat  I  am  sure  is  his, 
except  some  political  prophecies  which  he  wrote,  no  doubt,  to 
serve  the  turn  of  the  reigning  Prince,  his  great  learning  and 
knowledge  in  philosophy,  mathematics,  and  mechanics,  having 
acquired  him  the  character  of  a  prophet.  These  prophecies  are 
chiefly  in  prose.  He  is  often  confounded  with  Myrddin  Wyllt 
the  i)oet.  He  is  called  Hut  or  Hud  Uthur  Bendragon  (TV.  32), 
un  o'r  tri  phrif  hud. 

He  was  called  M3rrddin  from  the  town  Oaer  Fyrddin,  where 
he  was  bom,  which  is  the  Muridunum  of  Antoninus,  and  Mari- 
dunum  of  Ptolomy.  The  word  is  derived  from  myr,  the  seas,  and 
din,  a  fort,  as  Dr.  Davies  says ;  but  as  it  is  an  inland  town,  I 
take  this  derivation  to  be  bad,  for  it  is  not  urbs  marUima.  But 
qu.  whether  it  was  called  so  from  its  being  the  first  walled  town 
in  that  country, — Murddin,  i,  e.,  the  walled  fort, — or  from  the 
river  Byrddin  ? 

Myrddin  £mrys*s  address  in  persuading  Uthur  Bendiagon's 
army,  on  the  death  of  Emrys  Wledig,  that  a  comet  then  appear- 
ing prognosticated  a  victory  over  the  Saxons,  gave  him  a  great 
character  among  them ;  for  upon  this  they  believed  Heaven 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  325 

took  their  part,  came  to  battle  with  the  Saxons,  and  beat  them. 
See  lolo  Goch's  Cywydd  y  Seren. 

Nennius  says  that  Gwrthejnn,  on  his  leaving  North  Wales 
*and  his  going  to  fortify  himself  at  Caer  Gwrtheym,  gave  Myr- 
ddin  the  castle  he  had  built  in  Eryri,  and  all  the  provinces  of 
the  west  country  of  Britain :  "  Cum  omnibus  provinciis  plagea 
occidentalis  Britannise"  (Nennivs,  c.  44.) ;  and  he  and  his  magi 
(wise  men  or  poets)  went  to  the  coxmtry  of  Gwenesi  (Gwenwys). 
The  King  had  been  excommunicated  by  Gannon,  \^o  hunted 
him  from  place  to  place ;  and  we  find  a  chapel  of  his  (Cappel 
Garmon)  even  in  Eryri,  which  might  be  the  cause  of  his  leaving 
his  castle  to  Myrddin ;  and  also  the  title  of  being  chief  poet  or 
jpenbardd  (prophet  or  chief  herald,  or  prif-fardd,  as  the  Triades 
calls  him)  of  the  western  parts  of  Britain ;  or,  as  other  MSS., 
amvyddfardd,  a  herald  of  arms.  Penbardd,  prif-fardd  (poet  and 
prophet),  were  synonymous  terms  among  the  Britons ;  and  the 
arwyddfardd  was  the  herald  to  treat  about  peace. 

Nennius  could  not  mean  that  he  gave  him  the  dominion  of 
the  countries,  or  else  there  would  have  been  no  occasion  to  give 
him  one  castle  if  he  had  power  over  all  the  castles.  But  he  made 
him  an  arwyddfardd,  or  herald,  for  the  west  part  of  Britain. 
See  Jo.  David  Ehya'  Orammar. 

The  second  Mjrrddin  was 

Mybddin  ap  Morfryn  {Tr.  70),  and  generally  Myrddin  Wyllt, 

by  Latin  writers  called  Merlinus  Sylvestris  and  Caledonius ;  so 

called  because  after  the  misfortune  of  killing  his  own  nephew, 

son  of  ins  sister  Gwenddydd,  he  grew  mad,  or  pretended  to  be 

so.    We  have  a  tradition  that  lus  madness  affecting  him  but 

every  other  hour, 

Awr  oi  g6f  gan  Dduw  ry  gai 

Awr  ymhell  yr  amhwyllai. — I&nan  Dyfi, 

He  was  bom  in  Caer  Werthefjm,  which  is  called  Tref  Myrddin 
ap  Morjryn  (MS,) ;  and  it  seems  he  had  great  property  there, 
which  he  lost  in  the  war  between  his  lord,  Gwenddolau  ap 
Ceidio,  and  Aeddan  Yradwg,  against  Bhydderch  HaeL  This  town 
was  in  or  near  the  Forest  of  Caledonia  in  Scotland,  from  whence 
he  was  named  by  some  writers  Merlinvs  Caledonius;  and  thence 
arose  the  mistake  of  some  in  attributing  some  of  his  works  to  a 


326  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

third  Merlin.    He  flourished  about  the  year  660.    See  Canon 
Cynllaith. 

I  have  seen  abundance  of  MSS.  containing  some  of  this  poet's 
works  dispersed  all  over  Wales ;  and  though  he  was  a  Pictish" 
Britain,  and  wrote  so  long  ago,  his  works  are  intelligible  to  a 
person  that  is  tolerably  versed  in  the  Welsh.  The  troubles  and 
civil  wars  in  Scotland  drove  him  to  Wales ;  and  we  have  dia- 
logues in  verse  between  him  and  Taliessin,  the  Gwynethian 
poet.     Yn^ddiddan  rhwng  Myrddin  a  Thaliessin. 

He  was  buried  in  the  Isle  of  Enlli  (Bardsey),  where  there  was 
a  college  of  Manaehod  Cwjlau  dtum,  black-cowled  monks  (Coli- 
dean  monks).    See  JEnlli, 

Myrddin.  Caervyrddin,  a  town  in  that  part  of  West  Wales 
called  now,  in  English,  Caermarthenshire ;  by  the  natives,  Caer* 
vyrddin.  This  is  the  Muridunum  of  Antoninus,  and  the  Man- 
dunum  of  Ptoloray;  and  Camden  says  that  the  copyists  of 
Antoninus  have  confounded  two  journeys, — one  from  Galena  to 
Isca,  and  the  other  from  Maridunum  to  Viroconovium.  It  gave 
name  to  Myrddin  Emrys  the  poet  and  mathematician,  com- 
monly called  the  Magician ;  and  Camden,  by  way  of  sneer,  calls 
him  Tages,elteir  Tages  the  Tuscan  soothsayer.  SeeMyrddinEmrys. 

It  is  probable  the  town  and  castle  was  called  so  from 
being  the  first  walled  town  in  that  country,  Murddin  or  i/i^- 
ddinas.  Some  think  fix)m  myr,  plural  of  mor,  the  sea.  If  so, 
why  are  not  all  towns  near  the  sea  called  Myrddin  ?  Einion  ap 
Gwgawn,  in  mentioning  the  taking  of  Caerfyrddin  by  Llewelyn 
ap  lorwerth,  says, "A  thrychiad  gwerin  Caerfyrddin  faeh*';  i.e., 
the  stone  castle  called  Caerfyrddin.  Or  perhaps  so  called  from 
a  brook  called  Byrddin  (if  there  be  such)  falling  there  into  the 
Towi,  for  there  are  rivers  of  that  name.  From  Byrddin  comes 
Caer  Fyrddin.     Other  derivations  are  strained.    See  Byrddin, 

Mysen  :  see  Moesen, 

Myskyn,  a  mesne  lordship  in  Morgannwg.  {Potoel.)  See  Meys* 
cyn,  a  commot. 

Myvyr,  a  mountain  mentioned  by  Ily  warch  Hen  in  Marwnad 

Cyndylan : 

Rhyddwyn  a  Myvyr  a  Berwyn. 

See  also  Hanesyn  Flodeuog,  Arch.  Brit,,  p.  262, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  327 


N. 

•    Nap  or  Naw  (n.  pr.  v.).    Naf,  father  of  Gwenwynwyn  the 
admiral.     {Tr.  20.) 

Naich,  arglwyddiaeth  Tomos  ap  Roger. 

Naint,  river ;  qiL  Nantes  in  Gaul  of  this  origin  ? 

Nanconwy,  from  Nant 

Nanheudwy.  Here  Gadwallon  ap  Gr.  ap  Cynan  was  slain  by 
Eneon  ap  Owen  ap  Edwyn,  a.d.  1132.  (Powet)  Part  of  Powys 
Vadog.  It  is  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Oantre'  Bhaiadr,  the 
other  two  being  Mochnant  is  Shaiadr  and  Cynllaeth.  (Price's 
Descr.)  Castell  Dinas  Bran  is  in  the  commot  of  Nanheudwy, 
and  Chirk  Castle,  or  Castell  Crogen,  is  in  the  commot  of  Nan- 
heudwy.  (J,  D.) 

O  Ddyfnaint,  o  naint,  o  Nanhendwy 
O'p  tir  a  femir  wrth  y  Fymwy. 

Prydydd  y  ^foeh,  i  Ln.  ap  Omffydd. 

Nanhoeunain,  river. 

Arf  eiyf  eryp  Nanhoywnain. — Cynddelwy  i  O.  Gwynedd. 

Nanhwynain,  river  and  parish  in  Meirion.    See  Nanifaor, 
Nanhyfeb,  a  place  mentioned  by  Meilir  Brydydd  in  the  year 
1079,  in  Ireland. 

Pobl  anhyfaith  Nanhyfer. — Meilir  Brydydd, 

Also  Nanhyfer  in  Dyfed ;  qu.  Nevern  ?  (i.  01,  Cothi.)   [Nevem 
in  Scotland.—  W,  D.] 

Nanmor,  or  Nantmor,  or  Nantmawr,  a  river,  etc.,  in  the  parish 
of  Nanhwynain  in  Meirion.  From  hence  the  po^t  Davydd  Nan- 
mor took  his  name ;  and  there  is  a  tradition  that  a  disciple  of 
his  being  on  his  deathbed,  Davydd  asked  him  whether  he  would 
be  buried  in  Nanhwynain  or  in  his  own  parish,  which  was  a 
great  distance  off.  The  disciple  answered, ''  I  desire  nothing  but 
to  have  this  englyn  cut  on  my  gravestone",  which  is  there  to  be 
seen  to  this  day  : 

Dyma  lie  'r  wyf  mewn  damwain  yn  gor^edd 
Dan  gerrig  Nanhwynain 
A  pham  waeth  i  wr  maeth  main 
Bridd  na'i  gilydd  ar  gelain. 


328  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

There  is  Another  river  called  Nanmor  near  St.  David's,  from 
whence  the  poet  Bhys  Nanmor  took  his  name. 

Bhjs  Nanmor  o  faenor  Pynyw. 

Nannau,  Nenau  (n.  L),  now  wrote  Nanney  (k  nant  and  gau,  t.  e., 
a  hollow  valley  or  hollow  brook),  the  seat  of  Wm.  Vaughan,  Esq., 
in  Merionethshire,  of  which  county  he  is  Member. 

Nannerch,  a  church  and  parish  in  Flintshire. 

Nant  and  Nan,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  signifying  in  North 
Wales  a  valley  about  a  river ;  in  South  Wales,  a  small  brook. 
It  is  found  in  the  composition  of  the  names  of  places  and  about 
rivers,  the  t  being  melted.  Nanmor,  Nanconwy,  Nanhwynain 
or  Nanhoywnain  (MS,),  Nannau,  etc.  Nant  y  Deiliau  in  Meirion. 
Small  brooks  in  South  Wales  are  Nant  y  Bwla ;  Nant  Mel,  Rad- 
norshire ;  Nant  Garedyn ;  Nant  Cwnlle ;  Nant  yr  Arian ;  Car- 
nant,  Brecon ;  Nant  y  Carr ;  Nant  Graianog.  The  poets  used 
it  for  a  valley  whether  there  was  a  river  or  no. 

A  mi'n  gynnar  yn  aros 

Gwen  yn  y  nant  gan  y  nos. — D.  ap  Otmlym, 

ComaiU  is  a  small  brook.  Greunant  Chapel,  Glamorganshira 
Himant;  Creignant. 

Nant,  a  river  of  that  name.  Abemant,  Carmarthenshire; 
Cwm  Nant  in  Ilannon,  Carmarthenshire. 

Nant  Glyn,  a  church  and  parish  near  Denbigh ;  also  a  place 
in  Anglesey.     Pronounced  Nanclyn. 

Nant  Bai,  in  Llanvair  y  Bryn,  Caermarthenshire. 

Nant  y  Niwl,  Penbrokeshire. 

Nant  Y  Gallgwn,  Gaulbrooke.  {Tyssilio,)  Gallo  Broc,  Gallem 
Brec.    ( Vimn.) . 

Nant  y  Syddion,  Nant  y  Creiau,  Nant  yr  Hudol,  run  into 
the  river  Merin  in  Cardiganshire. 

Nant  y  Benglog. 

Nant  y  Cagal,  river  in  Genau'r  Glyn. 

Nant  y  Moch. 

Nant  Bran,  a  river  that  falls  into  the  Wysg. 

Nant  Glas  (Y). 

Nant  Ffrancon  :  see  Ffrayico. 

Nant  y  Fran,  a  river  in  Anglesey. 

Nant  Mawr  and  Nant  Bychan,  rivers  in  Anglesey. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  329 

Nant  Penkarn  :  see  P)mcam, 

m 

Nant  Clwyd,  a  gentleman^s  seat  in  Ehuthyn  land. 

Nant  Conwy  pro  Najit. 

Nant  Mblan  (nomen  loci). 

Nant  yr  Arian,  or  Silver  Dale  Castle  in  Cardiganshire. 
(Powel,  p.  274,  A.D.  1215.)     Coginan,  I  suppose* 

Nant  Mel  (nomen  loci)  in  Kadnorsliire. 

Nant  y  Cribau,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J.  D.) 

Nassiens,  King  of  Denmark,  subject  to  King  Arthur.  (Tr.  83.) 

Naw.    GwenwjmwyTi  ap  Naw.     (£,  Llwyd,) 

Nedd,  river,  or  Neth,  now  Neath,  in  Glamorganshire.  The 
town  is  called  CasteU  Nedd.  Fairs  kept  here.  (Abernedd,  Pont 
Nedd.)  A  town  and  lordship  in  Morgannwg,  a  seaport  and  village. 
The  Abbey  of  Neath  is  on  this  river. 

Nefyn,  a  village  in  Caemarvonsliire.  The  church  took  its 
name  from 

Nefyn,  a  woman's  name,  daughter  of  Brychan,  and  wife  of 
Cynfarch  Hen,  a  Prince  of  Scotland  {Tr.  52) ;  and  perhaps  a 
river  called  Nefyn.     See  Ahemefydd, 

Nefydd.  Abernefydd,  where  Elidir  Mwynfawr  was  killed  by 
Bhun  ap  Maelgwn.    Perhaps  it  was  Abemefyn,  now  Nefyn. 

Nefydd  Hardd,  of  Cwmmwd  Nanconwy,  one  of  the  Fifteen 
Tribes  of  North  Wales ;  bore  argent,  three  javelins  sahle.  Llan 
Nefydd,  church  and  parish,  deanery  of  Ehos,  Denbighshire. 

Nefydd,  verch  Brychan,  gwraig  Tudwal  Bevyr,  santes  yn 
Uech  Gelyddon  Ymhrydyn,  i.  e.,  Scotland.  Hence  Llan  Nefydd. 

Neffei  ap  Brychan  Brycheiniog  o'r  Ysbaenes  =  Spanish 
woman.    Vid.  Ffahiali. 

Negesawc,  a  courier  or  messenger. 

Bum  yn  negesawo. — Meilir  Btydyddy  Marwnad  Gr.  ap  Cynan. 

Neifion  (n.  pr.  v.),  qu.  Eneas  ?    See  Eifion. 

Y  nofiad  a  wnaeth  Neifion 

O  Droea  fawr  draw  i  Fon. — D.  ap  Edmund  (medd  Dr.  Davies). 

Ef  a  yrr  nifer  i  For  Neifion. — L,  0.  Cothi. 

Neinteirch  (fl.),  q.  d.  Naint  Eirclu  [Nant  Erch,  q.  d.  Erchyll, 
it  being  a  most  romantic,  rugged  place  in  Glyn  Ceiriog,  Den- 
bighshire.—  W.  D,] 

42 


330  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Nemesis,  daughter  of  Jupiter  and  Necessltas,  a  Celtic  Princess, 
■whose  name  in  the  Celtic  might  be  Anavics,  or,  as  the  ancients 
wrote,  AnamJiis. 

Nembwth  (n.  pr.  v.),  Nimrod.     {Sum  Ceri.) 

Nemrwth  gawr  ni  mjriaeth  gar. 

Nennius,  author  of  the  Fulogium.  Camden  (in  Ireland,  edit. 
Gibson,  1695)  calls  him  "  Ninnius,  a  very  ancient  author  and 
disciple  of  Elvodugus,  who  lived,  by  his  own  testimony,  in  the 
year  830,  under  Anaraugh,  King  of  Anglesey  and  Gwineth'*. 
But  either  Camden  had  a  bad  memory  or  had  a  bad  copy  of 
Nennius,  for  in  that  at  Hengwrt,  compared  with  all  the  copies 
in  the  public  libraries,  etc.,  Nennius  says  he  wrote  under  Mer- 
vin,  King  of  the  Britains.  These  are  his  words :  "  858  Ano 
DmicfiB  incamationis  20  vero  4  Mervini  Eegis  Britonum."  And 
as  for  Anaraugh,  it  is  the  name  of  no  king  nor  anybody  else ; 
and  this  Merfyn  was  Merfyn  Frych,  father  of  Eodri  Mawr.  See 
Ninniaw  and  Merfyn,  Leland  says  he  had  seen  (with  much 
pains)  two  copies  of  Nennius  which  he  thinks  uncorrupted.  He 
takes  him  to  be  a  Briton  from  the  many  British  words  io  the 
History ;  that  Henry  of  Huntington  had  met  with  the  History, 
but  was  ignorant  of  the  author;  and  he  recites  out  of  him 
Arthur's  battles.  May  not  this  be  the  book  that  Lombard  says 
was  met  with  by  Huntington  at  Bee  in  Normandy  ?  {Script 
Brit,  c.  47.)     See  Samud  Britannua, 

Nercwys,  a  chapel  in  the  diocese  of  St.  Asaph,  belongs  to 
Mold.     See  Pen  Erchwys. 

Nest  (n.  pr.  f.).  Camden  says  it  is  used  in  Wales  for  Agnes ; 
but  it  is  only  a  contraction  of  Quest,  i.  e.,  faithful,  pure.  Lat 
Nesta, 

Nest  verch  Howel  ap  Ehys  Gethin. 

Nest  verch  Rys  ap  Tewdwr. 

Nethan.    Edryd  ap  Neddan  neu  Nethan,  qu.  ? 

Netht  (fl.),  recte  Neddi  (fl.) ;  hence  Abernethy,  a  town  of 
Perthshire  in  Scotland.     Lat.  Abemcethum, 

Neuadd,  used  in  the  names  of  places,  signifies  Lat.  aula,  a 
hall ;  as,  Y  Neuadd  Wen  ;  y  Neuadd  Lwyd ;  y  Neuadd ;  Neuadd 
Maen  Arthur. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  331 

Neutu  ap  Bleddyn  ap  Cynfyn. 

Neutukvwr  vel  Neutur  Vawr  ap  Hedd. 

Never  or  Nevern,  rightly  Nanliyfer,  which  see.  TJwch  Nefer 
and  Is  Nefer  are  two  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Cemaes 
in  Dyfed.     (Price's  Descr.) 

Newent,  qu.  ? 

Newcastle,  the  English  name  of  a  town  in  Pembrokeshire 
[Carmarthenshire],  on  the  banks  of  the  river  Teivi ;  repaired, 
says  Camden,  by  Rhys  ap  Thomas,  a  stout  warrior,  who  assisted 
Henry  VII ;  and  that  the  English  gave  it  the  name  Elmlin,  as 
he  thinks,  from  elms,  for  that  llwyven  in  British  is  an  elm ;  and 
hence  he  thinks  the  Bomans  called  it  Loventium  of  the  Dimetae, 
mentioned  by  Ptolomy.  But  if  Mr.  Camden  had  known  that 
the  country  thereabouts  was  called  Emlyn  (one  of  the  eight  can- 
trefs  of  Dyfed)  many  ages  before  a  castle  was  built  here,  it 
would  have  saved  this  lame  guess.  The  Britons  call  this  town 
T  Castell  Newydd  yn  Emlyn,  t.  e.,  the  New  Castle  in  Emlyn  ; 
and  the  Triades  mentions  Glyn  Cuwch  yn  Emlyn  before  ever 
the  Saxons  saw  this  country.  This  Castle,  Ehys,  Prince  of 
South  Wales,  took  from  the  Normans  ad.  1215,  etc. 

Newport,  in  Monmouthshire,  called  by  Giraldus  Novus  Bur- 
gus.  Hei*e  a  Boman  road  called  Julia  Strata  came,  as  the 
Necha...[?]  says. 

'Nhiniog,  or  Ynhinigg,  or  Anhiniog,  a  manor  in  Cardigan- 
shire,  commonly  called  Cwmmwd  Anhiniog. 

I  'Nhiniog  olndogwledd 

Mi  af,  yno  mae  f  annedd. — D.  op  leuan  Vu. 

NiDAN  Sant  (ym  Mon)  ap  Gwrfyw.  This  knocks  Mr.  Bow- 
lands'  Aidan. 

NiNiAW  (n.  pr.  v.).  Niniaw,  son  of  Beli  Mawr,  mentioned  in 
BnU  y  Brenhinoedd  to  have  fought  with  Julius  Csesar  hand  to 
hand,  and  to  have  carried  Caesar's  sword  from  him,  which  had 
stuck  in  Niniaw's  helmet  so  fast  that  Caesar  could  not  draw  it 
out.  But  though  Nyniaw  performed  great  feats  afterwards  with 
Caesar's  sword,  yet  the  wound  in  his  head  proved  mortal,  and 
he  died  in  fifteen  days,  to  the  great  loss  of  the  Britons.  The 
name  of  this  sword  was  Angau  Coch,  i,  e.,  literally  Sed  Death, 


3«32  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

for  all  wounds  made  with  it  were  mortal  (Tyssilio,  BnU  y  Bren- 
hinoedd.) 

NiNio  ;  Lat.  Ninnins,  qu.  ap  Cjmfrig  ? 

NiNNiAN  (Saint),  a  Britain,  Bishop  of  Candidee  Casae  (Eglwys 
Wen),  who  converted  the  Southern  Picts  as  far  as  the  mountain 
Grampus,  in  the  year  412.  (Bede.)  See  Flaherty,  p.  414.  This 
was  in  Galloway,  which  was  part  of  the  kingdom  of  the  Cum- 
brian Britons ;  and  the  Saxon  name  of  the  place  was  Witehern, 
where  he  erected  a  monastery.  Died  432.  St.  Plebeias  was  his 
brother.  {Brit.  Sand.,  Sept  16.)  This  Plebeias  is  called  by 
Leland  Plebenius. 

John  of  Tinmouth  says  he  was  a  son  of  a  prince  of  that 
country,  and  brought  up  from  his  infancy  in  the  Christian  fedtL 
He  took  a  pilgrimage  to  Bome  to  Pope  Damasus.  The  Pope 
made  him  Bishop,  and  sent  him  to  preach  to  the  infidels  in 
Britain.  In  his  way  home  he  caUed  with  St.  Martin  of  Tours, 
who  kindly  received  him.  Usher  says  he  was  called  by  the 
Scots  St.  Bingen.  This  monastery  was  in  the  province  of  the 
Bernicians;  in  the  hands  of  the  Saxons  when  Bede  wrote. 
Leland  says  that  Tudovaldus  was  King  of  the  Picts  at  this 
time ;  probably  Tvdwal. 

NiNNiAW,  Lat  NennitbSy  Abbot,  as  is  said,  of  Bangor  is  y  Coed, 
wrote  a  history  of  the  Britons  in  the  Latin  tongue,  entitled,  in 
Hengwrt  Library,  Gildas  Nennius'  Uulogium  Brit,  InsuL  ;  and 
in  Oxford  Library,  Gildas  Minor.  He  wrote  in  the  twenty-fourth 
year  of  Mervyn  Frych,  which,  according  to  Caradoc,  began  to 
reign  a.d.  817,  and  was  killed  in  the  twenty-six  year  of  his  reign 
in  a  battle  with  the  Saxons.  So  that  Nennius  wrote  in  the  year 
841,  according  to  the  current  account  of  the  year  of  Christ,  which 
shews  the  Britons  had  a  different  account  Xennius  makes  it  858. 

This  man's  name  seems  to  have  been  Gildas,  but  sumamed 
Nennius  to  distinguish  him  fixjm  the  elder  Gildas,  who  was  a 
North  Briton,  son  of  Caw  o  Brydyn.  Some  think  that  Gildas 
ap  Caw,  about  580,  was  the  author  of  this  Historia  Britonum, 
and  that  it  was  continued  by  Nennius,  and  by  Baelanus  and 
others  since ;  and  this  occasiorfed  the  mistake  of  several  writers 
quoting  this  Nennius  for  the  first  Gildas,  author  of  the  Epistle, 
and  of  Pol.  Virgil  caUing  him  the  Impostor  Gildas,  as  if  it  was 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  333 

impossible  for  the  Britons  to  produce  two  Gildases.  There  is  a 
curious  MS.  of  this  History  in  Hengwrt  Library,  in  Mr.  E. 
Yaughan  the  antiquarian's  own  hand,  compared  with  all  the 
MSS.  in  the  public  libraries  of  England,  etc.  Several  copies  of 
it  in  other  parts  of  Wales. 

NiWBWRCH,  a  town  in  Anglesey,  from  the  Saxon  Newburg. 

Noah,  the  father  of  aU  mankind  at  the  Universal  Deluge. 
Prom  his  name  came  the  Celtic  novio,  to  swim ;  and  the  Lat 
No,  the  Greek  Neo,  the  Armoric  noun,  the  Irish  snavam ;  and  all 
from  the  Hebrew  Noah,  to  swim.  From  hence  also  came  Nep- 
tune ;  in  the  Celtic,  Nobhdhyvn,  swimmer  of  the  deep,  [Nobh- 
tonn,  swimmer  of  the  wave. —  W,  D,'\ 

NoE.    Thus  the  Welsh  poets  wrote  the  name  of  Noah  in  one 

syllable. 

Llefain  mal  llif  Noe  am  wr. — X.  Morganwg. 

NoN  or  NoNN  was  the  name  of  the  mother  of  Dewi  or  St. 
David,  whom  they  call  the  patron  saint  of  Wales.  She  was  also 
a  saint,  and  the  wife  of  Xanthus,  an  Armorican,  who  the  Welsh 
call  8ant  or  Osant.  Her  legend  says  that  she  was  with  child  of 
this  Dewi,  and  happened  to  be  in  a  congregation  where  a  famous 
preacher  taught  the  people,  he  was  instantly  struck  dumb,  be- 
cause Dewi,  unborn,  a  greater  man  than  he,  was  present.  "  Non, 
merch  Cjmyr  o  Gaergawch  ym  Myny w,  mam  St.  Dewi"    {MS.) 

Daw  a  wnel  a  Dewi  a  Non 
Ei  gael  wrth  fodd  ei  galon. 

NoKDDMANDi,  NoRTMANDi,  and  NoRMANDi,  in  English  Nor- 
mandy, a  country  in  Gaul  (now  Finance),  where  the  Normans  or 
Northmen,  called  by  the  Britons  Nortmyn,  settled  under  Olovis, 
their  leader,  about  the  same  time  that  the  Saxons  came  into 
England,  in  the  beginning  of  the  fifth  century.  They  were  Ger- 
mans that  inhabited  about  the  Ehine,  under  the  name  of  Franks, 
from  whence  France  took  its  name ;  and  there  were  Gauls  about 
the  Seine  far  before  this,  called  Franks.     (Pezron.) 

But  it  seems  this  country  took  not  the  name  of  Normandy  till 
the  time  of  Eollo,  about  the  year  911,  who,  with  more  North- 
men from  Scandinavia  and  the  coast  of  the  Baltic,  wrested  this 
part  of  Neustria,  as  also  Little  Bretagne,  out  of  Chades  the 


334  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Simple's  hands,  and  called  it  by  the  name  of  their  own  country 
in  the  North.  Our  Myrddin  Wyllt,  about  the  year  570,  men- 
tions the  country  of  these  Northmyn,  which  he  calls  Normandi, 
Nortmandir,  and  Norddmandi,  bordering  on  the  Baltic. 

^  Pan  ddyfo  Nortmyn  o  iar  lydan  lynn";  t.  e.,  when  Nortmen 
come  from  the  wide  lake.  "  Pum  penaeth  o  Norm  audi".  They 
had  some  country  about  the  Baltic  called  by  the  Britons  North- 
mandir,  for  they  went  under  the  names  of  Normans  in  Charle- 
magne's time,  about  a.d.  800  ;  and  why  might  not  that  name  be 
then  220  year  old,  and  well  known  among  the  Britons  ?  {Myr^ 
ddin.) 

NoKTMAiN,  Normans. 

Cyfran  tonn  a  glann  glasdir  gwjlaia 
Golud  mor  ysgrad  ysgryd  Nortmain. 

Einion  ap  Gwgan^  i  Ln.  ap  lorwertb. 

NORTHYMYRLOND,  Angl.  Northumberlani 

Nos  ap  Hoyw  ap  Gloyw. 

NowY  ap  Arthen. 

NuDD  (n.  pr.  V.)  and  Nydd.  {Hywel  Svrrdwcd)  Nudd  Hael 
fab  SenyUt,  one  of  the  three  generous  men  of  the  Isle  of 
Britain.     (Tr,  8.) 

Nudd  (fl.)  or  Nyth,  wrote  by  some  Nith,  a  river  which  is  the 
boundary  between  Galloway  and  Dumfriesshire ;  was  of  old  the 
boundary  between  the  Northumbrians  of  the  Heptarchy  and  the 
Scots  ;  and  this  day  the  names  of  places  on  one  side  of  the  river 
are  all  Saxon,  and  on  the  other  Celtic.  Vide  a  map  of  that 
part.     Abernudd. 

Nudd,  father  of  Gwyn. 

NuG.  Ehyd  Nug.  {Dr.  Davies)  The  river  Nug  rises  in  Ffyn- 
non  Wen,  near  Hafod  y  Maidd  in  Denbighshire  [runs  by  Pentre 
Foelas. — TF.  D.\  and  falls  into  Conwy  near  Pant  Glas. 

NUR  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  Lat.  Mirius, 

NwYFRE  [the  welkin — W.  DJ],  a  very  ancient  British  name. 
Nwyfre  of  Arllechwedd,  father  of  Uiaws.     {Tr.  40.) 

NwYTHON  (n.  pr.). 

Gwr  ail  flaidd  gwraidd  gwrhyd  Nwython. 

CynddelWf  Mar.  Cad.  ap  Madog. 
Nydd  :  see  Nvdd. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  335 

Nyf,  cariad  Peredur  ap  Efipoc. 

Nynias  and  Ninianus,  a  most  reverend  Bishop  and  most  holy 
man  of  the  British  nation,  because  he  was  brought  up  at  Borne. 
(Bede,  L  iii>  c.  4.)     He  preached  to  the  Scots  or  North  Britons. 


0. 

Odnea,  a  castle  in  Gaul,  mentioned  in  the  British  History, 
where  Julius  Caasar  landed  in  his  flight  from  Britain.  He  is 
said  to  have  landed  at  Traeth  Morian,  probably  the  sands  of  the 
Morini  Here  he  made  it  up  with  the  Gauls,  which  had  revolted, 
says  Tyssilio.    See  Csesar,  Oomm.,  lib.  iv,  c.  13. 

Odok  or  Oder,  the  British  name  of  the  river  that  runs  through 
Wiltshire  to  Bath,  and  thence  to  Bristol ;  in  English  called  the 
JjowerAvan,  by  a  mistake  of  the  first  West  Saxons,  who  hearing 
the  Britons  call  it  Avon,  the  common  name  of  aU  rivers,  and 
not  knowing  the  meaning  of  the  word,  have  retained  it  to  this 
day.  Caer  Odor  Nant  was  once  the  name  of  Bristol  See  Bri- 
thon  and  Bristol. 

Odwtn.  Llanbadam  Odwyn,  church  and  parish  in  Cardigan- 
shire. 

Obr.    Cynfrig  Oer  ap  Meirchion  GuL 

Oeth.  Caer  Oeth  ac  Anoeth,  where  Arthur  was  kept  prisoner 
three  nights.  (Triad,)  It  was  in  some  part  of  Britain,  for  Teulu 
Oeth  ac  Anoeth  are  mentioned  in  Taliessin's  account  of  the 
Tombs  of  the  Warriors  of  Britain.  (Beddau  Milwyr  Ynys  Pryd- 
ain.)  See  Ottadini.  Northumberland.  Caer  Oeth  in  Ystori  K. 
ap  Blilydd. 

Oeuroswyd  Wlbdio  a  garcharodd  L3rr  Lletieith.    (jTr.  50.) 

Ofydd  (n.  pr.),  Ovidius,  Ovid,  the  Latin  poet. 

Offa  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Saxon  name.  Oflfa,  King  of  the  Mercians. 
Clawdd  Offa,  a  ditch  made  by  Offa,  King  of  Mercia,  between 
England  and  Wales^  to  keep  off  the  Welsh  who  made  incursions 
into  his  land.  This  was  of  the  same  nature  with  another  ditch 
and  wall  made  between  Uoegr  and  Alban,  called  Gw&l  Sever, 
now  the  Picts*  Wall.    See  Clawdd  Offa,  Caer  Offa. 

Ogwann,  a  river  mentioned  in  Gorhoffedd  Gwalchmai,  one  of 
the  rivers  that  gives  name  to  Deuddwr.   See  Cegin  and  Aherdau. 


336  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Ogwen  or  Ogfaen  (fl.) :  hence  Abeiogwen,  a  village  and  har- 
bour near  Bangor.    See  Orpoarm. 

Ogmore,  a  manor  and  castle  in  CarmaTthenshire.  [Glamorgan- 
shire.— L  Jlf.]  {Powd.)  Also  a  place  in  Caernarvonshire.  Mr. 
Edward  lAwyd  thinks  it  to  be  Eogmor,  salt  water.  Qu.  whether 
Offmawrf    See  Ogivr. 

Ogwb,  a  river  in  Glamorganshire,  called  in  English  Ogmor. 
Maenor  Glyn  Ogwr,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Cron- 
eth  in  Morganwg.  (Price's  Descr,)  Ogmor  Castle  is  on  this 
river.    See  Ogmore. 

Ogtbfan  Gawr.    (Tr.  59.) 

Gwr  Bydwf  gwrhydri  Ogyrfan. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Lewelyn  ap  lorwerth. 

Therefore  no  giant.    See  Gogyrfan, 

OiLWY  river.  (Camden  in  Monmouthshire.)  Morden's  Map, 
Olwy.  The  city  of  Burrium  or  Bryn  Buga  lies  between  Oilwy 
and  Wysc.     {CaTnden.) 

Olgra  or  Glgbe,  a  place  in  Anglesey^  in  the  parish  of  Uan- 
ddyfhan. 

Olifer  (n.  pr.  v.).  {Trioedd  y  Meirchy  Pr.  copy.)  Mynydd 
Oliver,  in  the  modem  translations,  Mynydd  yr  Olewydd,  Mount 
Olivet. 

Oliver  Gosgorpawr,  alias  Gosgorddfawr,  I «.,  with  the  great 
guard. 

Olmarch,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Cardiganshire.  Olmarch 
Dewi,  the  mark  of  the  foot  of  Dewi's  horse  in  a  stone. 

Olwen  (nom.  fsem.). 

Olwen,  merch  Tspaddaden  Ben  C^eLwr  o'r  Gogledd,  a  beautiful 
lady  of  King  Arthur's  court  (D.  J.  and  lolo  OoA,)  The  poets 
feigned  that  four  flowers  sprung  wherever  she  trod.  Some  say 
that  she  was  Gwalchmai^s  mistress ;  others,  Cyllwch  (Culwch) 
ap  Cilydd's  (Culydd^s),  mistress ;  but  Lewis  Mon,  tte  poet,  calls 
her  the  wife  of  Gwalchmai.  See  Stori  'r  Twrch  Trwyth,  other- 
wise called  Ystori  Cyllwch  ac  Olwen,  merch  Yspaddaden  Ben 
Cawr.    Ac  feUy  y  cafas  Cyllwch  Olwen,  etc. 

Omtr,  the  name  of  a  poet  and  orator  mentioned  in  Tyssilio's 
History  of  the  Britons ;  but  I  am  not  certain  whether  he  meant 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  337 

a  British  poet  of  that  name,  or  Homer  the  Greek  poet,  though 
Galfrid  translates  it  Homer. 

Onwt,  river  in  Shropshire,  at  Onibury ;  another  falls  into  the 
Wye  at  Lemster.  See  Llieni,  Another  Onwy  runs  south  of 
Bishop's  Castle,  and  into  the  Severn.  See  Trydomoy  and  Dyfr- 
donwy,  [Two  Onwys  near  Crickhowel,— one  of  them  Onwy 
Goed.     Ony  river  near  Wistanstow,  Salop. —  W,  i>.] 

Org,  the  name  of  an  island  in  the  Triades,  {Tr.  3.)  One  of 
three  principal  adjacent  islands  of  Britain,  the  Isle  of  Man  and 
Wight  being  the  other  two.  The  largest  of  the  Orcades  or  Ork- 
neys was  so  called,  which  is  probably  the  plural  of  Ore.  See 
Erch. 

Orewyn  :  see  Pont  Orefioyn, 

Orliawns,  Orleans  in  France. 

Bosser  llew  ffyrfder  hoU  Ffrawns 

Wyd  o  Erlyn  hyd  Orliawns. — Hywel  Svnrdioal, 

Oronics  and  Orion  :  see  Plemmidius  and  Plennydd, 

Orton  or  Overton,  church  and  town  in  Flintshire,  near  Ban- 
gor is  y  Coed ;  by  the  Welsh  called  Owrlyn. 

OSBER.     Cynfrig  ap  Osber,  id.  quod  Osbwm. 

OsBWRN.  Llewel3m  ap  Cynfrig  ap  Osbwm  ap  Gwythr  larll 
Desmwnt  o*r  Iwerddon. 

Osc:  see  Wysg. 

OswALLT.  Croes  Oswallt,  a  church  and  town  in  Shropshire, 
now  Oswestry  or  Oswaldstree.  Some  say  from  Oswald  the  Saxon 
King ;  but  see  Ussa  ap  Cynedda  Wledig. 

Ottadini,  the  name  which  the  Eoraans  gave  to  the  Britons  of 
the  country  called  now  Northumberland ;  probably  the  people 
of  Gododin,  where  the  great  battle  of  Cattraeth  was  fought.  See 
Gododin  Aneurin.  In  the  Triades  it  is  said  that  Arthur  had 
been  in  prison  three  nights  in  Caer  Oeth  ac  Anoeth.  Where  to 
look  for  this  Caer  Oeth  I  cannot  tell,  unless  it  is  among  the 
Ottadini.     See  Oeth, 

OwAiN  (n.  pr.  V.) :  see  Twain, 

OwAiN,  the  35th  King  of  Britain,  reigned  jointly  with  Pere- 
dur ;  wrote  also  Iwgein.  So  Iwgein,  Ywain,  and  Owein,  are  the 
same,  and  Latinized  by  some  Audoenus,  and  by  some  Eugenius, 

43 


338  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

from  which  Iwgein  was  formed.  Tir  Oen,  in  Ireland,  is  in 
Latin  called  Terra  Eugenii.  (Camden.)  But  the  name,  in  my 
opinion,  should  be  wrote  Owain,  and  formed  of  0  and  ivain,  as 
if  you  would  say  tinsheathed,  i.  «.,  with  his  sword  always  drawn 
and  ready ;  though  Mr.  Camden  says  the  Britons  wiU  have  it 
that  this  name  cometh  from  King  Oemcs,  father-in-law  to  Her- 
cules. But  he  should  have  told  us  wlio  those  Britons  were.  The 
English  nation  would  think  it  hard  to  charge  them  in  general 
with  any  blunder  of  Camden's,  or  any  particular  man ;  for  as  we 
find  all  our  ancient  Celtic  names  significative  in  our  own  lan- 
guage without  straining,  we  have  no  occasion  to  seek  for  the 
etymons  of  them  in  the  language  of  people  to  whom  the  Celtse 
gave  laws.  So  all  the  Britons  should  not  be  charged  with  the 
fancy,  blunder,  or  opinion,  of  one  Brito^i. 

OwAiN  Danwyn:  vid.  Twain. 

Owain  Gwynedd  ap  Gniffiidd  ap  Cynan,  Prince  of  Wales,  a 
very  great  and  glorious  Prince.  He  and  his  brother  Cadwaladr 
were  eminent  for  their  virtues,  strength,  beauty,  and  proportion ; 
humble,  liberal,  and  terrible  to  their  enemies.  He  died  a.d. 
1169.     (Caradoc  in  Gr.'ap  C3man.) 

OwAiN  TuDUR,  or  rather  Owen  ap  Mredydd  ap  Tudur,  was 
the  son  of  Mredydd  ap  Tudur  ap  Gronwy  of  Pen  Mynydd  in 
Anglesey.  He  was  bom  about  the  year  1385,  and  was  brought 
up  to  the  law  in  London.  From  thence  he  went  on  his  travels, 
and  being  one  of  the  handsomest  men  in  Europe,  made  a  great 
figure  at  the  court  of  the  King  of  France,  where  Catherine,  the 
daughter  of  [the  King  of]  France  (afterwards  Queen  of  England), 
took  notice  of  him;  and  after  the  death  of  her  husband,  Henry  V 
of  England,  she  married  him ;  and  by  her  he  had  children,  viz., 
Edmund  the  eldest,  who  was  the  father  of  Henry  VII,  King  of 
England  ;  and  Jasper ;  who  were  enabled  by  Henry  VI  to  be  his 
lawful  half-brethren,  and  created  Edmund  Earl  of  Eichmond, 
and  Jasper  Earl  of  Penbroke,  with  preeminence  to  take  place 
above  all  earls  ;  for  kings  have  absolute  authority  in  dispensing 
honours.     (Notes  on  Camden  in  Penbr.) 

The  kings  of  England,  descendants  of  this  Owen  Tudur,  are 
called  Tudors,  or  the  Tudor  family,  but  not  rightly ;  and  Tudor 
was  no  surname  of  any  family,  and  family  surnames  were  not  in 
being  in  Owen  Tudor's  time. 


1 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  339 

OWAIN  AP  Urien  Eeged  was  the  Prince  of  Eeged  that  suc- 
ceeded his  £etther.  He  was  one  of  the  great  officers  in  King 
Arthur's  court  (2V.  9.)  Un  o'r  tri  gwyn  teym.  His  exploits 
in  Stori  larlles  y  Ffynnon  are  entirely  poetical,  as  in  the  ring 
given  him  by  Eluned,  which  had  a  stone  in  it  that  would  make 
him  invisible  if  he  had  the  stone.  He  is  foolishly  called  Owen, 
Begent  of  Scotland,  in  a  note  on  Camden  fathered  on  Mr.  B. 
Vaughan,  and  also  in  Mr.  Wynne's  edition  of  the  History  of 
Walea 

P. 

Pabbll  Llywarch  Hen,  a  place  in  Ilanfor,  near  Bala.  (MS.) 

Pabo,  a  man's  name :  hence  Uanbabo,  a  church  dedicated  to 
one  of  that  name  in  Anglesey,  and  seems  to  have  been  founded 
by  Pabo  Post  Prydain,  whose  tombstone  was  discovered  by  dig- 
ging a  grave  in  the  churchyard,  in  the  time  of  Charles  II,  and 
which  was  removed  into  the  church,  where  it  now  lies.  This  is 
one  of  the  most  noble  British  monuments  now  in  Great  Britain ; 
and  has  the  portraiture  of  the  Prince  at  full  length,  with  a  coronet 
on  his  head  and  a  sceptre  in  his  hand,  with  a  neat  inscription 
on  the  edge  of  the  stone,  the  whole  very  well  done  and  adorned. 

Pabo  Post  Prydain  governed  Anglesey  about  the  year  500 
after  Christ,  and  was  cotemporary  with  Uthur  Bendragon,  King 
of  Great  Britain,  and  seems  to  me  to  have  been  Uthur's  chief 
general  in  the  north  and  west  of  Britain  against  the  Picts  and 
Scots  of  Ireland,  who  till  then  joined  against  the  remains  of 
the  Boman  provincials,  at  the  same  time  that  Uthur  disputed 
the  crown  of  London  with  the  Saxons. 

Post  Prydain  seems  to  signify  chief  general,  but  literally 
pillar  of  Britain ;  and  Llywarch  Hen,  in  the  following  age,  calls 
Urien  lieged,  King  of  Cumbria^  by  the  same  title  : 

Llary  udd  llywiai  wlad 
Pen  Post  Prydain  ryallad. 

So  doth  Llygad  Gwr  call  Gr.  ap  Madog  ap  Mredydd : 

Post  Prydain  urddain  wrdd  gyhussed 
Penyadur  llafnddur  Haw  egored. 

Whettier  he  got  the  government  of  Anglesey  by  marriage  or 


840  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

by  the  king's  appointment  I  cannot  find ;  probably  by  the  first, 
because  on  his  tomb  at  lianbabo  in  Anglesey  he  has  a  coronet 
or  diadem  on  his  head,  and  a  sceptre  in  his  right  hand,  and  is 
dressed  in  princely  robes.  The  tradition  in  Anglesey  is  that  he 
was  a  king,  i.  e,,  Brenhin  Pabo.  He  was  of  a  noble  family  in  the 
north  of  Britain,  being  descended  from  Coel  Hen,  commonly 
called  Coel  Godhebog,  priodawr  o'r  Gogledd,  a  title  given  to  the 
princes  of  the  North.  His  father  was  Arthwys  ap  Mor  ap  Cenau 
ap  Coel  Godhebog.  Pabo's  eldest  brother  was  Ceidiaw,  father 
of  Gwenddolau,  Myrddin  Wyllt*s  lord  and  benefactor.  (See  AfaU- 
ennau  and  Porchellanau  Myrddin.)  Pabo's  second  brother  was 
Cynfelyn,  father  of  Oynwyd  Cynwydion.  Three  hundred  ysgwyd 
Cynwydion.  The  clan  of  Cynwyd  Cynwydion  is  mentioned  in 
the  Gododin,  Pabo's  youngest  brother  was  Elifer  Osgorddfawr, 
who  was  father  of  Gwrgi  and  Peredur.     See  Triades, 

Pabo  had  a  son  called  Dunawd  Fyr,  or  Dunawd  Fur,  who 
married  Dwywe  verch  Leenawc.  He  is  mentioned  in  Tyssilio's 
History  to  be  one  of  the  great  men  which  grsiced  the  feast  made 
by  King  Arthur  after  his  conquest  of  the  islands.  Dunawd  Fyr 
ap  Pabo  Post  Prydain  is  also  called  in  the  Triades  one  of  the 
three  pillars  of  battle  of  the  Isle  of  Britain.  Tri  phost  cad  Ynys 
Prydain.   This  Post  Cad  may  possibly  be  some  title  in  the  army. 

Deinioel,  the  patron  saint  of  Bangor,  was  son  of  Dunawd  Fur. 
Pabo  had  also  a  son  called  Cerwydd,  who  is  celebrated  in  the 
C&n  Brith  between  Myrddin  and  Taliessin;  and  another  son 
called  Sawl  Benuchel,  and  I  think  he  had  a  daughter  called 
Arddun.  There  is  a  tradition  at  Lianbabo  that  Pabo  and  a  son 
and  daughter  of  his  were  buried  in  that  churchyard,  over  against 
certain  faces  cut  in  stones  to  be  seen  to  this  day  in  the  south 
wall  of  that  church,  and  against  one  of  these  faces  the  above 
mentioned  tombstone  was  by  accident  discovered  in  Charles  II's 
time,  as  I  was  there  informed  in  1730,  or  thereabouts. 

Besides  the  testimony  of  the  Triades,  as  aforesaid,  in  relation 
to  this  Dunawd,  Uywarch  Hen,  the  noble  northern  poet^  who 
was  an  eye  witness  to  the  brave  actions  of  his  coimtrymen  in 
the  war  against  the  Saxons,  who  had  possessed  Deira  and  Ber- 
nicia,  says  of  this  Dunawd,  in  Marwnad  Urien, 

Danawd  mab  Pabo  in  thcch. — Llywarch  lien. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  341 

Mr.  Humphrey  Lloyd  in  his  BcHcription  of  Britain,  sent  to 
Ortelius,  thinks  that  Pabo's  British  name  was  Paun,  which  is 
Welsh  for  the  Latin  Pavo  (a  peacock),  and  that  from  Pavo  came 
Pabo.  But  the  Ti^iades,  the  old  genealogical  tables,  and  Lly  warch 
Hen's  works,  compared  with  the  inscription  on  his  tomb,  shew 
that  his  real  name  was  Pabo,  whatever  the  word  may  signify. 

HIO  JACET  PABO  POST  PKUD  COHPORS  VIR  EL.  P.  M.  A.  It  is  pro- 
bable that  the  y  now  wrote  in  the  word  Prydain  was  wrote 
then  with  two  i,  which  afterwards  became  an  u,  and  perhaps 
they  had  an  eye  on  their  descent  from  Brutus. 

Padarn  (St.)  Beisrudd  ap  Tegid  ap  lago  ap  Genedawc  ap  Cain 
ap  Gwrgain  ap  Beli  ap  Gwrddole  ap  Dwyn  ap  Gwrddwyn  ap 
Amynod  ap  Anwedd  ap  Dawe  ap  Brychwan,  gave  name  to  Llan- 
badarn  Vawr,  Llanbadarn  Vach,  Llanbadarn  Odwyn,  Llanbadarn 
Vynydd.  He  is  mentioned  in  the  Triades  (43)  :  Tri  gwynfydedig 
westai  Ynys  Prydain :  Dewi,  Padarn,  a  .Theilo.  So  it  should 
seem  they  were  all  three  foreigners,  or  else  how  could  they  be 
called  the  three  happy  guests  ? 

St.  Paternus^s  life  is  wrote  by  John  of  Tinmouth — that  he  was 
born  of  noble  parents  in  Armorica — his  father  Petramis,  and  his 
mother  Ghieana,  Padarn  founded  a  monastery  at  Llanbadarn 
Vawr  in  Cardiganshire ;  thence  he  went  to  Ireland  to  visit  his 
father  who  had  turned  recluse  there.  There  he  reconciled  two 
kings,  who  were  in  war ;  then  returned  to  Britain  and  founded 
several  churches  and  monasteries,  and  contracted  a  friendship 
with  St.  David  and  St.  Teilo,  with  whom  he  made  a  pilgrimage 
to  Jerusalem,  and  was  there  made  bishop,  and  after  his  return 
held  his  episcopal  see  at  Llanbadarn.  He  lived  here  21  years, 
and  at  the  desire  of  Caradog,  King  of  Armorica,  returned  home, 
where  he  was  made  bishop  of  Yannes  by  means  of  Sampson  Sant. 
Died  in  the  land  of  the  Franks :  his  name  is  found  subscribed 
with  Sampson's  in  the  third  council  of  Paris,  A.D.  560.  (Brit, 
Sand.,  Apr.  15.) 

Pais  Padarn  Beisrudd,  un  o  13  tlws  Ynys  Prydain.  This  coat 
would  fit  no  man  but  Padarn  himself.     See  JEluned, 

Padrig  Sant  ap  Alfryd  ap  Gronwy  o  Wareddawg  yn  Arfon 
{MS.)  St.  Patrick,  the  apostle  of  Ireland,  is  said  to  have  been 
born  in  the  country  of  llhos  in  Dyfed,  about  the  year  373.    His 


342  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

father  Calphumus,  a  deacon,  his  mother  Concha,  sister  of  St. 
Martin,  Bishop  of  Tours,  his  grandfather  Politus,  a  priest. 
Others  say  he  was  bom  in  Scotland  among  the  Ystrad  Clwyd 
Britains  {Ogyffia,  p.  178).  Nennius  says  his  first  name  was 
Maenwyn,  and  that  he  afterwards  took  him  the  name  of  Padrig. 
Some  copies  has  it  Maun  or  Moun. 

There  is  a  place  in  Anglesey  called  Bhos  Badrig,  and  also  a 
church  there  dedicated  to  him  called  Llanbadrig.  It  is  near 
the  seaport  of  Cemmaes,  where  it  is  said  he  took  shipping  for 
Ireland,  when  he  went  to  convert  the  Irish  to  the  Christian 
faith.  There  is  a  noted  shoal  or  dangerous  shelf  of  rocks  in  the 
sea  on  the  coast  of  Ardudwy  in  Merionethshire,  and  runs 
parallel  to  Caernarvonshire  for  about  twenty  miles,  called  Sam 
Badrig,  i,  e,,  Patrick's  Causeway,  a  name  given  it  by  the  monks 
probably,  pretending  it  to  be  part  of  the  causeway  over  which 
St.  Patrick  passed  to  Ireland.  I  find  in  the  JSxterU  of  Anglesey, 
Edward  III,  there  were  also  lands  in  Anglesey  held  by  the 
title  of  Owas  Padrig,  or  Patrick's  servant,  free  from  any 
services  to  the  prince ;  which  shows  that  St.  Patrick  or  his 
followers  had  certain  privileges  of  keeping  servants  among  the 
freemen  independent  of  the  prince. 

He  began  to  preach  in  Ireland  a.d.  433,  and  died  A.D.  493 
(Flaherty,  p.  422) ;  and  died  120  years  of  age.  {Nennitis,  c.  61.) 

Padran  ap  Corun  ap  Ceredig. 

Paladr.   Ach  baladr,  i  e.,  in  direct  line  or  male  stock. 

Paladrwisg  ap  Caynawg  Mawr. 

Paluc,  Cath  Baluc  {Tr.  81).  This  seems  to  have  been  some 
name  or  nickname  of  a  person  that  was  broiight  up  in  Anglesey, 
but  proved  its  enemy,  as  King  Edwin,  another  mentioned  in. 
the  same  Triades,  is  known  to  be.  He  is  mentioned  also  in  an 
obscure  manner  in  Triad  30^  that  he  was  bom  at  sea  in  the 
river  Menai.     There  is  an  herb  called  Palf  y  Gath  Baluc. 

Pant,  a  hollow^  used  in  the  names  of  places  of  that  situa- 
tion ;  as.  Pant  Mawr ;  Pant  y  Barwn ;  Blaen  y  Pant ;  y  Pant 
Gwyn ;  y  Pant  Glas ;  Pant  y  Fedwen ;  Cae'r  Pant ;  Pant  y. 
Polion.  Qu.  whether  Trinobant  (London)  might  not  be  formed 
from  Tro'n  y  Pant,  i,  e.,  Troy  in  the  HoUow,  or  Tre'n  y  Pant^ 
the  Town  in  the  Hollow.    Y  Pant  uch  Pentraeth,  Anglesey,  the 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  343 

house  of  Cadivor  Wyddel,  1140.  A  place  there  still  called  Y 
Pant.  Pant  y  J^lyn,  Caermarthenshire ;  Pant  y  Persli,  a  gentle- 
man's seat ;  Y  Pant  T^g ;  Pentre  Pant ;  Pant  y  Garreg,  a  gentle- 
man's seat, — ^Vaughan;  Pant  y  Uongddu,  a  gentleman's  seat, 
near  Euthyn.     {J,  D.) 

Panwen  Byeddin,  in  the  parish  of  Ilangadoc  above  Neath, 
a  monument  called  Maen  dau  Lygad  yr  Ych,  with  an  inscrip- 
tion.    M.  Ceritin,  etc.     See  Vertot. 

Paradwts,  nomen  loci  in  Anglesey ;  i.  e,,  paradise.  Powys 
Paradwys  Cymru.     {Llyivarch  Hen) 

PARC,  nomen  loci  and  gentleman's  seat. . 

PARC  Cethin,  Caermarthenshire. 

PARC  Y  Frigan,  Anglesey. 

PARC  Y  Ehun  (nomen  loci). 

Parchyllan.  leuan  Vychan  o  Barchyllan.  Qu.  Pare  y  Llan  ? 

Paredur  or  Peredur  (n.  pr.  v.),  MS. 

Pascen,  mab  Urien,  un  o'r  tri  thrahawc  {Tr,  28). 

Pasgen.    B6d  ap  Pasgen  neu  Cysgen. 

Patrick  (n.  pr.  v.),  Lat.  Patricius,  the  Apostle  of  the  Irish. 
Nennius  says  he  wrote  365  Books  of  A.  B.  C. ;  founded  365 
churches ;  ordained  365  bishops,  in  whom  was  the  Spirit  of  God ; 
ordained  3000  presbyters ;  and  converted  and  baptized  12,000 
men  in  the  region  of  Conacht ;  and  baptized  7  kings  in  one  day, 
the  sons  of  ATnolgith ;  fasted  40  days  on  the  top  of  mount  Eli, 
and  obtained  3  petitions. 

He  was  born,  says  Flaherty,  p.  178,  in  the  country  of  Alchvyd, 
in  a  village  called  Nemthor,  in  the  plain  of  Taburn,  He  wets 
three  times  taken  by  pirates ;  went  to  Eome,  and  visited  the 
holy  solitaries  of  Italy  ;  went  to  Gaul ;  studied  under  German, 
Bishop  of  Auxerre,  and  there  was  made  priest ;  thence  went  to 
Eome,  and  had  a  mission  from  Pope  Celestine  to  preach  in 
Ireland,  and  in  the  year  432  he  was  made  bishop  by  Celestine, 
and  sent  a  legate,  with  20  more,  to  Ireland.  {Brit.  SancL, 
Mar.  17.) 

Patrick's  Welsh  name  was  Maenwyn,  and  the  ecclesiastical 
name  of  Patricius  was  given  him  by  the  Pope  when  sent  legate 
to  Ireland.     See  Nennius. 

He  visited  the  isles  of  the  Tyrhen  or  Tuscan  sea;  had  a 


344  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

staff  given  him  by  a  monk  or  hermit,  called  the  Staff  of  Jesus, 

having  been  used  by  our  Lord.     This  St.  Patrick  carried  to 

Ireland,  and  was  in  great  repute  there,  and  one  of  our  British 

bards  says  of  it, 

Ffon  a  ddanfones  lesa 

I  Badrig  da  fenthyg  fu. 

He  made  a  third  journey  to  Rome,  to  tell  the  Pope  what  he 
had  done,  and  had  several  relics  given  him,  which  he  carried 
to  Armach.     {Brit.  Sanct) 

Sarn  Badrig  in  Meirionydd  is  a  ridge  of  foul  ground  that  runs 
about  twenty  miles  to  sea,  and  comes  dry  at  low-water  spring 
tides.  Ehos  Badrig,  a  place  in  Anglesey.  Purdan  Padrig, 
Patrick's  Purgatory,  in  Ireland. 

Patrick  was  begot  in  the  vale  of  Ehos  in  Dyfed,  by  Calphur- 
nus,  a  priest,  on  Concha,  sister  to  St.  Martin  of  Tours.  (Oamden 
in  Penbrokeshire.     See  Lloyd's  Brev.  Brit) 

Danbadrig,  a  chiirch  in  Anglesey. 

Paul  (St.)  of  Leon,  bishop.  He  was  a  Briton,  son  of  Por- 
phius  Aurelianus,  and  kinsman  of  St.  Samson  of  Dole,  and  a 
disciple  of  St.  lUtud,  at  the  same  time  with  G-ildas^  Samson,  etc* 

Paulinus,  archbishop  of  York  in  King  Edwin's  time,  it 
seems,  was  a  Britain,  and  his  first  name  was  Ehun  ap  Urien 
Eeged.  He  baptized  the  nation  of  the  Ambrones  or  Old 
Saxons,  and  by  his  preaching  converted  many.  {Nennivs,  c.  63, 
R,  V.)     Qu.  whether  Peulan  Sant  of  Llanbeulan  ? 

Paun  ap  Meirchion  ap  Tanged. 

Paun  Post  Prydain,  which  Mr.  H.  Llwyd  Latinizes  Pavo^ 
is  probably  the  same  with  Pabo,  which  might  be  formed  from 
Pavo.  In  the  Latin  inscription  on  his  grave  in  the  church  of 
Uanbabo  in  Anglesey,  he  is  called  Pabo,  but  in  all  our  books 
of  genealogies  and  poets  it  is  wrote  Pabo.  Tradition  calls  him 
Y  Brenhin  Pabo. 

Y  Paun  Bach  o  Wigmor,  mentioned  in  Araith  Wgan,  was  a 
poet  noted  in  his  time. 

Paun  (Castell),  in  Elvel  (n.  1.),  taken  by  Lord  Eys,  a.d. 
1195  ;  built  by  one  Pain,  a  Norman,  says  Camden,  rhwng  Gwy 
a  Hafren. 

Pawl,  Saint  Paul,  as  if  pronounced  in  English  Piool. 


CELTIC    REMAINS,  345 

Gelfyddodan  mau  ni  fo  marwawl    . 
I  brofi  pob  peth  o  bregetfa  Bawl. 

Ein.  op  Gwgavmy  i  Ln.  ap  lorwertK. 

Pebid  Penllyn,  enw  gwr,  tad  Sulwych. 

Pebidiog,  one  of  the  eight  cantrefs  of  Dyfed,  containing  the 
commota  of  Mynyw,  Pencaer,  and  Pebidiog.  (Price's  Descr.) 
The  Octopitamm  of  Ptolomy.     {Oamden  in  Penbroke.) 

Peblig  ap  Macsen  Wledig,  Ymerodr  Ehufain. 

Peblyc  Sant.    Llanbeblyc  near  Caer  yn  Arvon,  the  seat  of 
Owain  Gwynedd,  Prince  of  Wales. 

Hardd  i  fardd  ei  fwrdd  Nadolyo 
Oedd  aelaw  ger  aelwyd  Beblyc. 

Pbdolau,  horse-shoes.  Hoel  y  Pedolau — ^he  could  bend  horse- 
shoes. 

Pedrog  Sant.  He  was  a  native  of  Wales,  of  royal  extraction, 
in  the  fifth  century.  He  was  twenty  years  in  Ireland  learning 
Christianity  and  sacred  letters,  and  instructed  St.  Coemgen; 
thence  he  went  to  Cornwall,  founded  a  college  or  monastery  at 
Petrockstow  or  Padstow ;  made  a  pilgrimage  to  Eome  and  to 
Jerusalem ;  was  neighbour  to  St.  Samson.  (Brit  Sanct.)  Le- 
land  says  when  Pedrog  came  to  Cornwall  from  Corinnia  there 
reigned  two  famous  kings  in  that  country,  Theodorus  and 
Constantinus,  who  gave  him  leave  to  build  a  monastery  near  the 
Severn,  whose  name  in  the  country  language  was  Bosmanach 
(more  probably  Eosmanach),  one  Guronus  (Gwron),  an  hermit, 
first  lived  there,  and  it  appears  by  an  old  book  in  that  monas- 
tery of  Petrobergi  that  three  holy  men  who  followed  Petroc's 
example,  are  buried  there — Credan,  Medan,  and  Dachun. 
Ethelstan  afterwards  repaired  that  monastery,  and  in  the  time  of 
William  the  Conqueror,  a  half-brother  of  his  robbed  and  spoiled 
it.  There  was  afterwards  Augustine  Canons  placed  there. 
(Leland,  Script  Brit) 

Another  Pedrog,  a.d.  850,  Bishop  of  Cornwall.  (Heylin^s 
Help,  116.)     See  Bhm  Manach, 

Pedrogl  (n.  pr.  v.)  Pedrogl  Paladrddellt,  un  o'r  tri  chyfion 
farchog  in  A^thu^^s  court  {Tr.  84).     Qu.  whether  Patroclus  ? 

Pefyr  and  Pefk.     Goronwy  Pefr  o  Benllyn  is  mentioned  in 

44 


346  CELTIC  KEMAIN8. 

Tr.  35  for  the  ill  behaviour  of  his  soldiers  in  a  battle  (at  Llecli 
Oronwy  in  Blaen  Cynfael  in  Ardudwy)  with  liew  Llawgyffes. 
Dafydd  ap  Gwilym  mentions  him  in  his  poem  of  the  Owl. 
Gwdion  ap  Don,  an  eminent  philosopher  and  Prince  of  Ar 
Gronwy,  because  a  certain  married  lady  admitted  of  the  amours 
of  this  Goronwy,  he  metamophosed  her  into  an  owl. 

Am  denrn  i  gara  gynt 

Goronwy  map  Pefr  Garanir 
Arglwydd  Penllyn  howyn  bir. 

The  meaning  is,  that  he  exposed  her  so  that  she  was  ashamed 
of  being  seen  by  daylight.  Therefore  this  Gronwy  Pefr  was 
cotemporary  with  Gwdion  ap  Don.  Sr.  Wm.  Pevyr  ap  Goronw. 
Ehuawn  Pefr.     (Tr.  9  and  68.) 

Peibiaw  ap  Meurig  ap  Dingad :  hence  Ynys  Beibio  juxta 
Holyhead. 

Peibio  (n.  pr.  v.).  Ynys  Beibio,  near  Holyhead.  Garth  Beibio, 
church  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  Pool,  dedicated  to  St. 
Tydecho,  on  the  river  Twrch,  Montgomeryshira 

Peibron,  in  Anglesey. 

Peiran  or  PiRAN  Sant.  This  is  he  whom  the  Irish  call  St. 
Kiaran.  Born  in  Ireland,  as  Usher  says,  about  the  year  352. 
(Brit.  Sanct)  There  are  no  places  in  Wales  that  retain  his 
name,  as  I  know  of,  except  a  mill  in  Anglesey  called  Melin 
Beiran.  [Peiran  Sabulo,  church  of  Peiran,  buried  under  sands 
in  Cornwall     See  a  small  tract  by 1841. —  W.  2>.] 

Peirio  Sant.    Rhos  Beirio,  a  church  and  parish  in  Anglesey. 

Peitwn  ap  Emyr  Llydaw. 

Peithyll,  a  river's  name  in  Cardiganshire,  that  runs  by  Gog- 
erthan  and  into  Clarach.     See  Ystrad  Peithyll, 

Pelagius,  a  Britain  mentioned  by  Bede  (1.  i,  c.  10)  about  a.d. 
394,  who  broached  some  tenets  in  the  Christian  Church  which 
were  not  agreeable,  which  caused  a  synod  to  be  held  to  suppress 
him.  German  and  Lupus,  two  Bishops  from  France,  attended 
the  synod  in  Britain  about  a.d.  430.  Camden  intimates  that 
the  Monastery  of  Bangor  is  y  Coed  produced  him,  whom  he 
calls  the  greatest  and  worst  of  heretics,  for  that  he  perverted 
the  nature  of  God's  grace,  and  infested  the  Western  Churches. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  347 

His  doctrine  spread  itself  over  Britain  and  Gaid,  that  a  man 
might  be  saved  by  good  works  only.  St.  Augustine  answered 
him.  Some  say  his  British  name  was  Morgan.  See  his  tenets 
in  St.  August.  De  Oest,  PcUoestin.,  c,  ii,  and  De  Peccat.  Orig.,  c.  iL 

Pen,  an  old  Celtic  word  in  the  names  of  places,  signif}ring  a 
top,  head,  or  end  of  a  thing,  and  not  as  Mr.  Baxter  whimsically 
advances.  Penllyn ;  Permiaen ;  Penrhos ;  Pen  y  Lan  in  Swanzey ; 
Penrhyn ;  Pennant ;  Penfro,  now  Penbroke  (TV.  30) ;  Pentir, 
Caernarvonshire  ;  Pen  y  Caerau  in  Cynwyl  Elfed ;  Penllech ; 
Penhesgin ;  Penhwnllys ;  Pentraeth  ;  Penbol  in  Anglesey ;  Pen 
Machno ;  Pen  y  Chwintan ;  Pen  Morfa,  Caernarvonshire ;  Pen- 
boir  (see  Boir) ;  Penbre ;  Pentre'rianell ;  Pencraig ;  Penbedw  ; 
Penllwynau,  yn  Llanegwad ;  Penwedig ;  Penmynydd ;  Pen  Mon ; 
Pen  Cader ;  Pengwern ;  Penbre ;  Pencoed ;  Penhelyg ;  Penbryn ; 
Penardd  Halawg ;  Penardd  (hence  Penard  in  Somersetshire) ; 
Peniarth ;  y  Penwyn,  t.  e.,  white  top,  Appenine  Mountains. 

Pen  y  Pabchell,  a  gentleman's  seat.    {J.  D) 

Penaxun,  yn  Nyfed,  a  church  where  one  of  St.  Teilaw's  three 
bodies  were  intombed.     (TV.  44.) 

Pen  ar  Lac,  rightly  Penardd  Halawc,  a  town  in  Flintshire ; 
Hardin. 
.  Penant  Q}i,pen  and  nant),    Rhys  ap  Dafydd  Penant. 

Penaran.  leuan  Penaran  ap  lorwerth  VoeL  [Penaran  yn 
Ngheri,  ar  gyfer  Dol  Vorgan. — W.  JD.] 

Penallt  (Camden  in  Montgomeryshire)  for  Pennal,  a  village 
and  church  in  Merionethshire,  near  the  river  Dovey,  where 
there  is  the  ruins  of  a  supposed  Boman  fort  at  a  place  called 
Cefn  Caer,  which  signifies  the  castle  hiU  (and  not "  dorsum 
urbis",  as  explained  in  the  margin  of  Camden).  In  the  same 
manner  are  called  several  other  places :  Cefn  Nithgroen,  Cefn 
Treversi,  Cefn  Cerwyni     See  Cefn, 

Penardd,  a  commot  of  Cantre  Canawl,  a  part  of  Cardiganshire. 

I  Bennardd  a  Mabwynion. — P.  ah  leuan  Du, 

Penardd  Halawg,  commonly  called  Penar  Lag. 

Pencelli,  a  castle  in  South  Wales,  a.d.  1215.  (Garadoc)  Sir 
Eoger  Vychan  o  Dref  y  Twr,  arglwydd  Pencelli  (k  pen  and  galU 
0  goed  cyll),  Hinc  Pengelly,  an  English  name,  qu.  ?  Baron  Pen- 
gelly. 


348  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Penarwen  (nom.  foem.),  daughter  of  Culfynawjrt  Prydain,  and 
wife  of  Owen  ap  Urien,  noted  for  her  lasciviousness.     (TV.  56.) 

Penbedw,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Denbighshire.     Mostyn. 

Penbol,  a  place  in  Anglesey,  near  Oors  y  Bol,  in  Tal  y  Bolion. 

Penbre,  Carmarthenshire. 

Penbryn,  a  parish  and  church  in  Cardiganshire. 

Penbryn  y  Barcud,  my  house  in  the  parish  of  Llanbadam 
Vawr,  Cardiganshire. 

Penbryn  in  Glamorganshire.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Pencadair,  near  Brecknock,  where  Gruffydd  ap  Llewelyn, 
Prince  of  North  Wales,  met  Howel  ap  Edwyn,  a.d.  1038,  with 
an  army  of  his  countrymen  and  strangers ;  gave  him  battle, 
overthrew  him,  took  his  wife  prisoner,  whom  he  had  brought  to 
see  the  defeat  of  Gruffydd.  But  Gruffydd  liked  her  so  well,  and 
she  him,  being  the  better  man,  that  he  kept  her  for  his  concu- 
bine. {Caradoc  in  Gr.  ap  Llewelyn.)  Henry  II  came  here  with 
a  great  army  against  Ehys,  but  had  no  battle  anno  Dora.  1163. 

Pencader,  in  Llanvihangel  Orarth,  Caermarthenshire.  See 
Cader, 

Penoaer,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Pebidiog  in 
Dyfed.     (Price's  Descr,) 

Pencarn  River,  called  Nant  Pencam,  in  Monmouthshire, 
mentioned  by  Gir.  Cambrensis.  Here  Henry  II,  passing  the 
ford  of  Nant  Pencam,  discouraged  the  Britons,  who,  relying  too 
much  on  their  oracle,  Merlinus  Sylvester,  who  had  said  that 
when  a  strong  Prince  with  a  freckled  face  should  pass  that  ford, 
the  British  forces  should  be  vanquished.  {Oamden  in  Mon- 
mouthshire.)    See  Owasgargerdd  Vyrddin. 

Pencarreg. 

Pencoet,  nomen  loci,  qu.  South  Wales  ?  {Caradoc)  Gwaith 
Pencoet,  where  a  battle  was  fought  between  the  Britons  and 
Saxons,  and  the  latter  defeated.     (Oaradoc,  p.  14^  a.d.  721.) 

Pencraig,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Anglesey. 

Penda  or  PEANDA,King  of  Mercia,  brother-in-law  of  Cadwallon, 
and  his  general.     ( William  Mamsbr.) 

Pendaran  (n.  pr.  v.).  Pendaran  Dyfed  (TV.  30),  cotemporaiy 
with  Pryderi  mab  Pwyll  Amwyn.  Pen  y  Barren  in  Gelli  Gar, 
Glamorgan. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  349 

Pendew.    Edynowain  Bendew. 

Pendragon,  the  cognomen  of  Uthur,  the  father  of  Arthur, 
who,  upon  the  Britons  throwing  off  the  Eoman  yoke,  exchanged 
the  Eoman  eagle  for  a  golden  dragon  in  his  standard.  (The 
Danes  and  Scythians  had  before  a  dragon  in  their  standards.) 
This  is  the  reason  Tyssilio  [gives]  for  the  name  of  Pendragon, 
and  which  is  highly  probable.  Others  have  had  the  appellation 
of  Pendragon. 

Penegoes,  church  and  parish  in  the  deanery  of  Cyfeiliog, 
Powys,  dedicated  to  Cadfarch  Sant. 

Penerchwys  (qu.  Nercwys  ?),  a  gentleman's  seat,  where  Lly- 
welyn  ap  lorwerth,  Prince  of  North  Wales,  was  brought  up. 

Handyth  vagwyd  pefr  ymhen  Erchw^s 
Tn  oreu  Cenau  Cynan  vegys. 

Llewelyn  Varddj  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Penmon  Mawb,  falsely  by  Mr.  Camden  for  Penmaen  Mawr. 

Penfras.     Madog  Benfras  ap  Gr.  ap  lerwerth. 

Penfro,  q.  d.  Pen  y  Fro,  swydd  Benfro  and  Sir  Benfro  (Engl. 
Penbrokeshire),  formerly  called  Dyfed  or  Penfro  Dyfed,  the  ex- 
treme end  of  the  country  of  Dyfed ;  and  in  Latin,  Demetia.  It 
contained  eight  cantrefs  and  twenty -three  commots.  The  town 
of  Penfro,  or  Penbroke,  hath  given  name  to  one  of  those  can- 
trefs, which  is  called  Cantref  Penfro,  which  also  is  divided  into 
three  commots, — Coed  yr  Haf,  Maenor  Byrr,  and  Penfro;  so 
that  there  is  Sir  Benfro  and  Cwmmwd  Penfro,  and  Tref  Benfro. 
(Price^B  Deacr.) 

The  town  of  Penfro  (Penbroke)  is  called  by  Giraldus  Cam- 
brensis  the  metropolis  of  Dimetia,  He  says  that  Arnulph  de 
Montgomery  built  this  castle,  in  the  time  of  Henry  I,  with 
stakes  and  green  turf,  and  afterwards  delivered  it  to  Girald  of 
Windsor,  his  lieutenant-general,  who  was  besieged  by  the  Welsh, 
but  to  no  effect.  Girald  of  Windsor  afterwards  married  Nest, 
sister  of  Pr.  Grufiydd,  from  whom  came  the  Geraldines  of  Ire- 
land, etc. ;  and  also  Giraldus  Cambrensis  that  gives  this  account, 
who  was  Archdeacon  of  Brecknock.     (See  Girald,  Gamhr.  and 

Dyfed) 

Paun  o  frig  leiril  Penfro  gynt. — loitoerth  Fynglwyd, 

I.  C.J  Penfro  Dyfed. 


350  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Pengarn  Llwyd,  some  mountain  where  eagles  bred,  qu.  ? 
(Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan.) 

Eryr  Pengwem  Pengarn  llwyd. 

Pengoch.     Mredydd  Bengoch  ap  Llyweljm  ap  Howel. 

Pengwern  (n.  L).    There  are  several  places  of  this  name. 

Pengwern,  in  Cardiganshire.  Castell  Llanvihangel  ym  Mhen- 
gwem.     {Caradoc  in  0.  Gwynedd.) 

Pengwern,  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Pengwern  Bowys  was  the  old  name  of  Salop,  now  in  Welsh 
Amwythig.  {LL  Hen  in  Mar.  Cyndylan.)  The  Princes  of  Powys 
had  their  seat  here  till  Offa,  King  of  Mercia,  about  the  year  784, 
drove  them  away,  who,  prevailing  on  the  other  Saxon  kings  to 
join  him,  threw  up  a  great  ditch  from  sea  to  sea,  which  is  to  be 
seen  to  this  day,  and  called  Clawdd  Offa^  or  Offa's  Ditch ;  and 
this  was  to  be  a  boundary  between  the  Saxons  and  the  Welsh. 
Upon  which  the  Princes  of  Powys  removed  to  Mathravael  in 
Montgomeryshire ;  but  Pengwern  was  burnt  by  the  Saxons 
when  Cyndylan  was  Prince  there. 

Llys  Bengwern  nend  tandde 
Gwae  ienaingc  a  eiddnn  brotro. 

Penhernyw,  peth  o  dir  Phylip  Dorddu, 

Penhescyn,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Anglesey. 

Peniarth,  enw  lie. 

Penisel.  Samwel  Penisel.  (Dr.  Davies,  Oram,,  p.  161).  Qu. 
whether  Sawl  ? 

Penhwylcoed.  Caer  Penhwylcoed.  {Tysailio,)  This  is  that 
in  Nennius  called  Caire  Pensanelcoith ;  and  by  Usher,  Caer 
H^el  o  goed.     This  Caer  is  not  to  be  found  in  the  Triades. 

Penllech  Chapel,  Ueyn. 

Penllech  Elidir,  yn  y  Gogledd,  i.  e..  North  Britain.  {Tr.  y 
Meirch,  1.) 

Penllech  Elidir,  ym  Mon  (Tr.  y  Meirch,  1),  a  place  in 
Anglesey,  now  called  y  Benllech,  at  the  mouth  of  the  harbour 
called  Eedwharf.     See  Zlech  Elidir, 

Penlloegr,  a  place  in  the  parish  of  Ilanvair  ynghomwy,  in 
•Anglesey,  where  there  is  the  remains  of  an  ancient  fort  of  this 
form 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  351 

Penllwynog  (k  Ihcyn),  a  cantref  in  Dyfed.     {Powel) 

Penllyn,  one  of  the  three  cantrefs  of  Meirionydd,  so  called 
from  pen  and  llr/Tij  i.  e.,  Llyn  Tegid,  a  large  lake  near  Bala.  It 
contains  four  parishes,  viz.,  Uanyckil,  Llanwllyn,  lianvawr,  and 
Llangower.  (JB.  Willis.)  See  Mehch  and  Micnaint.  Deanery 
of  Penllyn,  St.  Asaph  diocese. 

Tudur  PerUlyn,  a  poet.  Gwr  bonheddig  o  Benlljm,  perchen 
Caergai.     (Bd.  Jones  MS.) 

Pen  Machno,  a  village  and  church  which  is  dedicated  to  St. 
Tudclyd.     See  Machno,  fl. 

Penmaen,  lands  in  Denbighshire.  Penmaen  yn  Bhos.  Pen- 
maen,  hence  Dolbenmaen  in  Caernarvonshire. 

Penmaen  Mawr  an^^  Bach,  mountains  in  Carnarvonshire ;  on 
the  top  of  the  first  there  is  an  impregnable  fort,  corruptly  wrote 
by  Mr.  Camden  Penmon  Mawr.     See  Braich  y  Ddinas, 

Penmon,  a  church  in  the  east  corner  of  Anglesey,  dedicated 
to  St.  Seirioel.  {Bp.  Willis.)  There  is  also  an  island  hard  by 
called  Ynys  Seirioel,  where  there  is  a  chapel  which  bears  that 
saint's  name,  in  English  called  Priestholme  Island,  vulgo  Preston 
Island.  One  of  our  poets  mentions  this  saint's  image  to  be 
formerly  in  great  repute  to  help  the  increase  of  cheese,  and  was 
therefore  made  with  cheeses  in  his  arms.  By  this  the  monks 
got  cheese  in  plenty,  in  barter  for  those  images. 

Qwas  arall  a  ddng  Seirioel 
A  naw  o  gaws  yn  ei  goal. 

St.  Seirioel  was  very  fair  in  the  face,  occasioned  by  his  often 
meeting  St.  Cybi  at  a  famous  weU  at  Clorach  near  Llannerch  y 
Medd ;  for  he  had  the  sun  in  his  back  in  coming  and  going 
home,  whereas  St.  Cybi  had  it  always  in  his  face,  which  made 
him  very  tawny,  so  that  it  is  proverbial  to  this  day :  "  Seirioel 
wyn  a  Chybi  velyn  " — i.  e.,  Seirioel  the  white  and  Cybi  the 
yellow. 

Penmon  was  spoiled  by  Mactus  with  an  army  of  Danes  a.d. 
969. 

Penmon  Mawr,  falsely  by  Mr.  Camden  for  Penmaen  Mawr. 

Pen  Morfa,  a  town  in  Caernarvonshire,  Angl.  Marsh  End. 
The  church  is  dedicated  to  Beuno  Sant. 

Penmynydd,  a  church  and  parish  in  Anglesey.  In  this  parish 


352  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

there  is  a  gentleman's  seat,  where  formerly  the  ancestors  of 

Owen  Tudur  lived,  who  was  the  grandfather  of  Henry  Vllth, 

King  of  England.     The  church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Cradifael. 

Pennal,  a  place  on  the  north  bank  of  the  river  Dyfi,  where 

there  hath  been  a  fort  in  ancient  times,  supposed  to  be  Roman. 

Here  was  the  seventh  camp  of  Llywelyn  ap  lorwerth.     {Cykh 

Llyxaelyn) 

Pebyllva  peir  cyfa  cerdd 

Pennal  dir  engir  angerdd. 

It  gives  name  to  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Meirion. 

Pennant,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Daugleddeu, 
Pembrokeshire.     (Price's  Descr,) 

Pennant  Bachwy,  where  the  King  of  Scots  came  as  an  ally 
of  Henry  I  against  Gr.  ap  Cynan,  a.d.  1113 ;  but  peace  was  made 
between  them.  It  is  somewhere  on  the  borders  of  North  Wales. 
[It  is  near  Llanidloes.  Biga,  Bachwy,  Cly  wedog,  join  the  Severn 
in  one  stream,  near  the  town. —  W.  D!\ 

Pennant  Melangell,  parish  and  church,  deanery  of  Welsh 
Poole.     See  Llanvihangd  y  Pennant, 

Penrhos  Cyeeiliog. 

Penrhos  Lligwy,  a  parish  in  Anglesey ;  church  dedicated  to 
St.  Mihangel. 

Penrhos  Fwrdios. 

Penrhos  y  Feilw  :  see  Maes  Rhos  Meilon, 

Penrhyn,  an  old  Celtic  word  signifying  properly  a  headland 
or  promontory,  from  pen,  a  head,  and  rhyn,  highland.  The  name 
of  several  places  in  Wales;  as  Penrhyn  Bangor;  Penrhyn 
Safnas  ;  Penrhyn  Blathaon,  Caithness  Point,  Scotland ;  Penrhyn 
Hawstin,  in  Cornwall ;  Penrhyn  Penwaed  or  Penwaeth,  Land's 
End  of  Cornwall.  Penrhyn  Ehionedd,  the  seat  of  the  Cumbrian 
princes,  Edinborough  (TV.  7).  Also  a  surname,  Gruffudd  Pen- 
rhyn, Esqr.  o  Bowys. 

Grnffadd  yw  i  budd  wrth  ein  bodd 
Penrhyn  ag  ef  pwy  unrhodd. — Hywel  GUan, 

See  Blathaon,  etc. 

Penrhyn  Bangor. 

Penrhyn  Gwaed,  Promontorium  Sanguinis,  the  promontory 
of  blood.     This  is  the  promontory  of  Cornwall  says  Humphrey 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  353 

Iloyd  (Brit  Deser.,  p.  33,  Edit.  1731),  which  he  thinks  to  be 
the  Antivestiaeum  of  Ptolomy.  John  Major  calls  it  Penwick 
Streit,  i.  e.,  Penuici  Strata,  corruptly  no  doubt.  See  Penrhyn 
Penwaeth, 

Penrhyn  ar  Elays,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref 
Arberth  in  Penbrokeshire.     (Price's  Descr.) 

Penrhyn  Ehionedd  yn  y  Gogledd  (qu.  Ehianedd  ?),  i.  e.,  the 
promontory  of  maidens  in  the  North  {Tr,  7).  This  is  Eden- 
borough  in  Scotland,  the  royal  seat  of  the  Northern  Britons  in 
King  Arthur's  time,  A.D.  520,  where,  according  to  the  TriadeSy 
Gwrthmwl  Wledig  was  propraetor  or  lieutenant-general  under 
Arthur,  and  Cyndeym  Garthwys  chief  of  bishops,  and  Arthur 
chief  tyrant  or  king  (in  Brit,  teyrn).  This  place  is  also  called 
by  others  Castell  Mynydd  Agned,  and  Castell  y  Morwynion,  and 
Dinas  Eiddyn.  The  great  bay  and  the  sea  here  is  called  by 
Ptolomy  Boderia ;  Tacitus,  Bodotria ;  the  Scots,  the  Forth  of 
Frith  [Frith  of  Forth] ;  the  English  Edenborough  Frith ;  others 
Mare  Tresicum  (as  Nennius)  and  Mare  Scoticum ;  and  Mr.  Cam- 
den says  that  Nennius  (qu.  whether  JEulogium  /)  calls  it  Mor^ 
wiridh,  which  is  certainly  a  blunder  of  one  side  or  other ;  for 
Morwerydd  is  Solway  Frith  on  the  north  side  of  the  land. 
See  Morwerydd. 

Penrhys,  Glamorgan.    Fair  kept  here. 

Pentallwch.  Caer  Pentallwch  {Nennius)  q.  d.  Pen  tal  y  Uwch. 
This  Camden  thinks  to  be  the  town  Earkintilloch,  one  of  the 
garrison  towns  on  the  Eoman  wall  called  by  Bede  Guidi;  but 
qu.  ? 

Pentir,  a  chapel  near  Bangor,  and  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Penttr  Ganion,  a  promontory  in  Ireland. 

Pentir  Gafran,  a  promontory  in  Scotland. 

Pentraeth  {h^pen  and  traeth),  near  Eedwharf  in  Anglesey; 
Ilanfair  Bettws  Geraint. 

Meibion  Cadifor  cyd  ehelaeth  blant 
Tn  y  Pant  uch  Pentraeth. 
See  y  Pant  uch  Pentraeth. 

Pentrev,  a  village,  literally  chief  town.  Pentre'rianell 
Pentre'r  Bwauau ;  Pentre'r  Cwn ;  Pentre  Hobyn;  Pentre  Heilin 
y  Pentre  Du,  Cardiganshire;   Pentre  Bychan,  Denbighshire 

45 


354  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Pentre  Coed,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Oswestry;  Pentre  Caer,  a 
gentleman's  seat. 

Pentre  Aeron,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J,  D) 

Pentre  Cynfrig,  a  gentleman's  seat.    («/".  i?.) 

Pentre  Hobyn,  a  gentleman's  seat — Lloyd. 

Pentre  Hyfaidd,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J,  D) 

Pentre  Madog,  a  gentleman's  seat    (/.  D) 

Pentre  Pant,  a  gentleman's  seat.    {J.  D,) 

Pentyrch,  a  place  in  Glamorganshire  [and  another  in  Caer- 
einion  in  Montgomeryshire  with  a  tremendous  rock  called  Moel 
Bentyrch.     W.  D.] 

Penwaeth,  Penwaedd,  or  Penwaed  (n.  pr.  v.).  Penrhyn 
Penwaeth  Tnghemy w,  the  extreme  part  of  Cornwall  to  the 
south  {Tt.  2). 

Penwedig,  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Cardiganshire,  possessed 
by  the  Normans  in  1116,  as  most  of  the  country  was.  Castle 
of  Penwedig  belonging  to  Howel  ap  O.  Gwynedd,  1151. 

Penwellt,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantre'r  Clawdd, 
between  Wy  and  Severn.     (Price's  Descr.) 

Penwyn,  the  cognomen  of  a  man. 

Penyfed,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Eiddionydd.    (J.  D,) 

Penystrowallt,  recti  Penystrywaid.     See  Ystrywaid, 

Penystrowydd,  or  Penystrywed,  or  Penystrywallt,  qu. 
church  dedicated  to  St.  Gwrgi  ?     (B.  Willis.) 

Penythen  or  Pennythen,  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Mor- 
ganwc.     (Price's  Descr) 

Perdix,  the  name  of  an  ancient  British  prophet  mentioned  by 
Leland,  on  whom  he  has  bestowed  a  large  chapter.  (Leland, 
Script  Brit,  c.  9.)  He  prophesied  in  the  time  of  Ehiwallon,  the 
13th  King  of  Britain,  and  is  mentioned  by  Ponticus  Virunnius 
in  his  Epitome  of  the  British  History,  who  says  a  large  Perdix, 
meaning  the  bird  partridge,  prophesied  in  the  Temple  of  Diana ; 
and  perhaps  the  prophet's  name  in  the  British  might  be  Pettris, 
which  might  give  rise  to  the  story.  But  our  writers  in  the 
British  make  no  mention  of  such  a  person.  Time  has  swallowed 
him  up,  though  Virunnius  met  him  somewhere. 

Peredur,  mab  Efrawc.     (Mahinogi) 

Peredur,  mab  Elifer  Gosgorfawr,  and  father  of  Gwgawn  Gwr- 


CELTIC  REMAINS,  355 

awn,  {Tr.  14)  Peredur  and  Gwrgi  were  both  killed  in  battle, 
A.D.  584.  {A&r,  Cambr.)  Qu.  whether  killed  in  the  battle  at 
Gwanas  ?  See  Beddau  Hirion. 

Peresgki,  un  o  dair  gwraig  Brychain  Brycheiniog.  It  is  likely 
this  was  the  Spanish  woman,    Vid.  Neffei. 

Ferfabch  ap  larddnr. 

Pebfedd,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Penwedig,  Car- 
diganshire.   Another  in  Y  Berfeddwlad,  the  middle 

country :  so  Perfeddbwynt. 

Enwaf  y  Cwmmwd  einym 

Perfedd  hyd  Wynedd  da  ym. 

Beio  ap  leuan  Du. 

Pergwmlts^  a  house  near  Neath,  Glamorganshire. 

Porthiant  a  fa  i'r  Unoedd 

Pergwmlys  pur  ag  ami  oedd.— flwtt?  Oae  Llwyd* 

Perif  (n.  pr.  v.),  the  same  with  Priaf,  says  Edward  Llwyd ; 
Priaf  is  Priamus.  • 

Pebif  ap  Cadifor,  a  poet,  an.  1180. 

Peris  Sant.    Uanberis,  a  church  in  Caernarvonshire.     Caer 
Bens,  in  the  Triades,  is  the  same  with  Caer  Peris  in  Nennius, 
which  Usher  makes  to  be  Porchester.    So  also  Galfrid,     {Th. 
Williams,) 

Perith,  a  town  in  Cumberland ;  q*  d.  Pen  rhudd,  as  Camden 
guesses. 

Perm.  Harri  Perri,  author  of  a  treatise  of  Ehetoric  in  the 
British  tongue,  published  an.  1580. 

Perselau,  Preseli,  Parseli,  Pryseli,  or  Preselau.  Mynydd 
y  Preselau,  a  mountain  in  Penbrokeshire. 

Person.    Ithel  Berson  ap  Ithel  Vychan. 

Perth,  a  bush,  is  found  in  the  composition  of  the  names  of 
places ;  as,  Perth  yr  Aur ;  Perth  Eirin ;  Ty'n  y  Berth ;  y  Berth 
Lwyd;  y  Berdd  Ddu,  a  gentleman's  seat.  Perth,  a  town  and 
shire  in  Scotland. 

Perwefr,  nom.  foem.     {H.  ap  Ow,  Gwynedd,) 

Perwyr,  daughter  of  Rhun  Ryfeddfawr.    {Triad) 

Perydr  ap  Eniudd  Bach  ap  BrochweL 

Peryddon  (fl.),  ancient  orthography  Periton.  Lat.,  Fluvius 
Peritonis.  (Oa//,  L  vii,  c.  3.)  M.  B.  V.  In  both  the  Paris  editions 


7 

\ 
I 


356  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

of  Galfrid  (fol.  54)  the  river  is  called  Fluv.  Perinoris ;  but  in 
Commelinus*  edit.,  Perironis  ;  falsely  for  Peritonis.  In  my  Latin 
MS.,  Perironis  and  Peridonis.     See  Byfrdvyy. 

Peteona:  see  OaUgo, 

Petrual.     Cefn  y   Petrual  in  Llanfair  Dalhaeam.     Rhos 
Petrual,  a  common  a  mile  and  a  half  from  Carnarvon  town. 

Petrual  Clwyd.     {Dr.  Davies) 

Peulin  (qu.  ?)  ap  Heulyn,  q.  d  Apollo,  son  of  the  Sun. 

Peulan  Sant.  Llanbenlan  church  in  Mon :  qu.  whether  Beu- 
lanus  {Nennius)  or  Paulinus  ?    See  Elfod. 

Phelipa,  gwraig  Fleddyn  ap  Ithel  Vychan  o  Degaingl. 

Phichtiaid  or  Ffychdeyd,  wrote  also  Phichti,  and  not  Ffychti, 
the  Picts  (in  Scotland  pronounced  Pihts  or  Pites),  a  colony  of 
northern  people  which  I  take  to  be  Cimbrians  from  the  Cimbric 
Chersonese,  and  who  settled  among  the  northern  Britons  about 
the  Orkneys,  and  mixed  with  them.  They  painted  their  bodies 
as  the  Cimmerians  and  other  northern  nations  did.  According 
to  Tyssilio's  Brut  they  came  there  in  the  reign  of  Meuric  ap 
Gweirydd,  about  70  or  80  years  after  Christ,  under  Eodric  their 
King,  A.D.  72,  says  H.  Uwyd  {Brit.  Bescr.,'p.  47),  from  Scythia, 
whom  Meuryc  fought  and  killed,  and  erected  a  stone  with  an 
inscription  at  Gwys  Meuric  (not  West  Maria^  as  some  people 
dream;. 

The  subdued  people,  says  Tyssilio,  had  leave  to  live  about  Cath- 
ness  (probably  in  the  Orcades),  and  they  took  them  wives  fix}m 
Ireland,  the  Britons  refusing  to  give  them  any.  (But  it  seems 
this  is  a  mistake,  for  they  were  soon  mixt  with  the  Britons,  and 
lost  their  own  language,  if  it  was  not  Celtic  before  they  came ; 
for  the  Cimbrians  are  supposed  to  be  CeltaB.)  Because  of  their 
alliance  with  the  Gwyddyl  (or  Irish),  or  the  Gallwyddyl  of  the 
Hebrides,  Tyssilio  calls  them  Gwyddyl  Phichti,  i.  e.,  Irish  Picts ; 
and  the  Triades  also  makes  them  to  be  the  second  colony  of 
invaders  of  Britain,  under  the  name  of  Gwyddyl  Phichti.  Tys- 
silio owns  he  had  no  materials  to  write  the  history  of  the 
Gwyddyl  Phichti,  nor  the  Gv^ddyl  iawn,  i.  e.,  the  Pictish  Irish, 
nor  the  right  Irish ;  therefore  he  proceeds  with  the  British  his- 
tory. The  Irish  historians  call  the  Isles  of  the  Hebrides  Inse 
Gall,  i.  e.,  the  Isle  of  the  Gauls.    Probably  these  were  some  of 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  357 

the  first  planters  of  Britain  unmixed,  which  the  other  Britons 
called  Gwyddyl,  or  wild  men ;  and  the  Irish,  in  their  language, 
called  them  GallgaoUhel  {Flaherty,  p.  323),  as  if  a  Briton  would 
say  Gallwyddyl,  i.  e,,  wild  Gauls. 

Engl  GdUwyddel  gwnaon  eu  rhyfel. — Prif  Oyf,  Taliessin, 

TyssUio  bringing  the  Picts  from  Scythia,  and  calling  the  land 
given  by  Meuryc  ap  Gwerydd  Scotlond,  seems  to  favour  the 
opinion  of  the  Scots  coming  from  Scythia ;  and  that  Scy tiaid 
and  Scwytiaid  were  the  same,  i.  e.,  Scythi  and  Scoti.  The  book 
of  the  Culdee  of  St.  Andrews,  quoted  by  Usher  (Prim.y  p.  579), 
says  all  Britain  had  received  the  Christian  religion  before  the 
Scots  and  Picts  came.  This  he  took  from  Tertullian  probably. 
But  Fordan,  the  Scotch  historian,  says  they  came  here  before 
Christ's  incarnation.  Buchanan  tells  you  the  very  year  the 
Scots  came  to  Britain,  that  it  was  when  Alexander  the  Great 
took  Babylon.  (Buchanan,  Iter.  Scot  in  Bege,  1.)  Tyssilio,  in 
the  reign  of  Carawn  (Carausius),  says  that  for  the  good  service 
the  Ffychteyd  (Picts)  did  him  against  Eomans  and  provincial 
Britons,  he  gave  them  all  the  country  called  in  his  time  Ysgot- 
land,  where  they  remained  to  his  time  among  the  Britons ;  i.  e., 
he  gave  them  leave  to  live  all  over  the  country,  among  the 
Britons ;  and  by  this  means  the  North  Britons  came  to  call 
themselves  Brython,  or  painted  men,  as  Myrddin  Wyllt  doth. 
(Hoiane  Myrddin.) 

The  South  Picts  were  converted  A.D.  412,  and  the  North  Picts 
about  A.D.  560.  (Lloyd's  West  Ch.,  p.  50,  from  Bede,  Adamna- 
nus.)  Now,  according  to  Lloyd,  all  the  people  of  the  country 
now  called  Scotland  were  called  Picts.  Those  to  the  north  of 
the  great  Grampian  Mountains  called  North  Picts,  and  those  to 
the  south  called  South  Picts.  Where  were  the  North  Britons 
then,  if  they  were  not  Picts,  or  mixt  with  the  Picts  ?  But  the 
language  was  British,  as  appears  by  Myrddin  the  Caledonian's 
works ;  and  it  will  appear  in  this  book  that  the  names  of  places 
in  the  north  are  also  British.  See  Mar,  Buchan,  Cathenes,  Aber- 
deen, Strath  Nevern,  Erch,  Glen  Elg,  Glenshiel,  Lochaber,  Aber- 
nethy.  Boss,  Dalwhinie.     (See  Edward  Llwyd's  Letter.) 

The  modem  Scotch  history  says  the  Picts  came  here  a  good 
wliile  after  the  Scots  (Dav.,  Camer,,  p.  5  and  207) ;  but  Bede  says 


358  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

the  Britons  came  first  into  the  island,  next  the  Picts,  next  the 
Scots.  Ammian.  Marcellinus  mentions  the  Picts  and  Scots  re- 
pulsed by  Theodosius,  and  he  wrote  about  a.d.  378;  and  no  author 
mentions  them  before  the  time  of  Yespatian,  about  which  time 
Meuryc  was  King  of  Britain  as  aforesaid.  Eumenius,  in  his 
Panegyric  to  Constantius^  about  the  year  296,  is  the  first  Boman 
that  mentions  the  Picts.  They  lived  first  in  the  Orcades  {E'. 
L,) ;  the  Attacotti  in  the  Hebrides.  The  Picts  divided  into  two 
people  by  Eumenius,  the  Dicalidones  and  Yecturiones,  Deau 
Gelyddon  and 

Phili  or  Phily  :  see  Ffili. 

Philyb  and  Philyp  ;  English,  Philip.    (Gr.)    Phylip  Dorddu. 

Phivion  ap  leuan  Colier  o  Harddlech.  Qu.  whether  English 
or  Welsh  ? 

PiccYLL.     Howel  Piccyll  ap  Davydd  o  Faelor. 

PiciHERNES,  near  Holyhead. 

PiCTWN. 

PiLWM,  in  Anglesey. 

Pill  ap  Cynan  ap  Gwrydr  GocL 

PiSTAiR,  qu,  Llanbistair  ? 

PiSTYLL,  a  fall  of  water  (from  piso) ;  so  Pistyll  Ehaiadr  Moch- 
nant  is  a  vast  cataract  on  the  river  Mochnant  in  Montgomery- 
shire.    Pistyll,  near  Nevyn, 

Plant,  children  or  issue.  Plant  Ilywarch  Hen;  plant  Cunedda 
Wledig,etc.;  the  descendants  of  such  men.  This  is  the  beginning 
and  foundation  of  the  clans  in  Scotland  and  Ireland,  as  Mr. 
Edward  Llwyd  observes.  See  his  letter  to  Mr.  Davies  of  Ilan- 
nerch,  where  he  makes  the  Irish  a  colony  from  Britain,  and  he 
calls  them  C.  Britons,  because  in  Irish  the  words  where  we  in 
Wales  use  P,  they  change  into  C  or  K :  ken,  a  head,  for  pen. 

Plas,  used  in  the  names  of  places,  and  signifies  a  gentleman's 
house,  haU,  or  seat ;  and  Plasdy,  a  slated  house,  to  distinguish 
it  from  a  thatched  or  farmhouse.  Plas  y  Ward ;  Plas  loljm ; 
Plas  y  Cryg ;  y  Plas  Coch ;  y  Plas  Gwyn ;  Plas  Canol ;  Plas  y 
Brain ;  Plas  Madog  in  Ehiwabon ;  y  Plas  yn  Ilanvair ;  y  Plas 
yn  Amlwch ;  y  Plas  Candrj'll ;  yr  Henblas ;  y  Plas  Bach ;  Plas 
Power ;  Plas  Hofa ;  Plas  Ehoscolyn ;  Plas  Maen  Gwynedd ;  y 
Plas  Isaf ;  y  Plas  Uchaf. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  359 

Plemmtdius,  a  British  poet  mentioned  by  Leland,  who  he 
supposes  to  be  very  ancient;  but  as  nothing  remains  of  his  works, 
nor  of  Oronius  and  Gildas,  two  other  ancient  poets  in  the  same 
place  named,  he  attributes  it  to  the  havoc  and  destruction  made 
by  the  Picts,  Scots,  Irish,  and  Saxons.  He  quotes  Lilius  Greg. 
Giraldus  of  Ferrar,  who  mention  these  three  celebrated  British 
poets.  (Leland,  Script,  Brit.,  c.  10.)  In  one  of  our  British  poets 
I  find  the  first  two  mentioned : 

Flennydd  ag  Orion  plennant 

01  plwy  ddysgeidiaeth  yw  plant. — 8r,  W.  Glyn. 

But  as  Lilius  Greg.  Giraldus  is  but  a  modem  author,  who  died 
but  in  the  year  1552, 1  am  apprehensive  these  are  corruptions 
of  some  British  names  of  well  known  poets ;  for  how  could  a 
stranger  know  more  of  our  poets  than  we  do  ourselves  ?  And  I 
am  also  of  opinion  that  Oronius  is  nothing  else  than  Goronwy, 
of  which  name  we  have  had  several  noted  ancient  poets,  as 
Goronwy  Ddu  o  Fon,  Goronwy  Gyrriog,  etc. ;  and  that  Sir  Wil- 
liam Glyn  got  his  Plennydd  ac  Orion  out  of  liL  Gr.  Giraldus  as 
well  as  Mr.  Leland,  for  I  believe  they  were  all  three  near  co- 
temporaries.  What  British  name  is  like  Plemmydius  I  cannot 
telL 

Since  I  wrote  the  above  I  find  in  Ponticus  Virunnius  what 
Mr.  Leland  had  not  taken  notice  of  (and  Ponticus  Virunnius 
wrote  about  a.d.  1490).  He  says  the  ancient  Britons  were  noted 
for  poets,  philosopheis,  and  orators,  among  whom  he  names 
Plenydius  and  Oronius ;  for  so  it  should  be  read,  and  not  Pleny- 
dius  Oronius.  Who  can  this  Plenydius  be  but  Bledynius,  i,  e., 
Bleddyn  Vardd ;  and  Oronius  is,  no  doubt,  Ooronwy.  See  Pont. 
Virunnius,  1.  i. 

Plenlyn  Mear  (Oamdm),  corruptly  for  Penllyn  Mear,  called 
by  the  English  Pemble  Mear.     See  Llyn  TegicL 

Plenkydd  :  see  Plemmydivs, 

PoLiON.  Pant  y  Polion,  i.  e.,  Pant  Paulin,  at  Caio  in  Caer- 
marthenshire.     {E,  Llwyd.) 

PoLLYit  (n.  pr.),  Paulinus* 

Pomona,  a  large  island  among  the  Orcades. 

Pont,  a  bridge,  in  the  names  of  places  in  Wales ;  as,  Pont  y 
Gwyddyl ;  Pont  y  Pwyl  or  Pwl,  in  Monmouthshire.    Tal  Hen- 


360  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

bont,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Lleyn ;  Tal  y  Bont ;  y  Bont  Vaen, 
Glamorganshire,  Cowbridge;  Ehydpont  in  Anglesey;  y  Bont 
Ddu.  Pont  ar  Fynaich,  Pont  ar  Gamddwr,  signify  the  bridges 
on  the  rivers  Mynaich  and  Camddwr,  etc.  Pont  Rhyd  y  Cleifion, 
Radnorshire,  a  village,  and  fairs  kept.  T  Bont  Goch.  Pont 
Nedd  Fechan,  a  village  in  Brecknockshire.  Fairs  are  kept  here. 
Y  Bont  Newydd  in  Caernarvonshire.  Pont  Neuf,  in  France,  of 
the  same  sense. 

Pont  Orewyn,  abridge  on  the  river ;  qu.  Irwon  ?  (Powel, 

Caradoc,  p.  373) ;  pi-obably  Pont  ar  Ewyn ;  or  ar  Irwon,  near 
Buellt,  where,  in  a  wood  just  by,  Llywelyn  ap  Gruffudd,  the  last 
Welsh  Prince,  was  slain  by  treachery  of  a  Bishop  of  Bangor, 
Madoc  Min.  (2>.  J,)  Others  say  Einion  was  then  Bishop  of 
Bangor,  in  great  favour  with  Edward  I. 

Pont  Wilym. 

Pool  :  vid.  Welsh  Toole  and  TraUwng. 

PORECS,  the  19th  King  of  Britain. 

POBECS  ap  Coel,  the  46th  King  of  Britain. 

PoKTH,  river.  Aberporth,  Blaen  Perth  Gwithen,  Cardiganshire. 

PoRTH  Cerddin,  a  haven  in  Dyfed.     {E,  Llvryd.) 

PoRTH  Y  Casul,  a  little  creek,  some  say,  on  the  sea-side,  near 
Celynnog  in  Arvon,  where  it  is  said  the  cloak  landed  of  its  own 
accord,  which  Gwenfrewi  sent  by  the  tide  as  a  present  to  Beuno, 
and  the  water  was  so  compliant  to  it  that  it  came  quite  dry. 
(Tradition.) 

PoRTH  Cleis,  a  small  creek  on  St.  David's  Head,  Pembroke- 
shire, where  Gruffydd  ap  Cynan  landed  with  his  Irish  auxiUaries 
anno  Dom.  1079. 

[Forth  Cleis,  one  of  the  gates  of  Bangor  Iscoed. —  W,  D.] 

PoRTH  DiNLLEYN,  a  harbour  in  lleyn,  Caernarvonshire.  See 
Tinlleyn. 

PORTH  EURAWG. 

PORTHFAWR  Gadw,  father  of  Cadreith.     {Tr.  15.) 

Forth  Largy,  Waterford.     (Camden  in  Waterford.) 

Forth  SinicrIn,  a  place  near  Caerllion  ar  Wysg,  where  a 

curious  coffin,  etc.,  was  found.     (E.  Ilwyd,  Notes  on  Camden.) 
Forth  Skeweth.     (Camden,  Britannia,  in  Monmouthshire.) 

Marianus  calls  it  Forth  Skith,  and  says  Harold  built  a  fort 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  361 

there  in  the  year  1065,  which  the  Welsh  immediately,  under 
the  conduct  of  Caradoc,  overthrew.  {Camden.)  Rectfe  Perth 
Yscewyn,     See  Tscewyn. 

Forth  Wyddno  yn  y  Gogledd  {Triad) ^  one  of  the  three  princi- 
pal seaports  in  the  Britaius'  dominions  after  the  Saxon  conquest 
of  Loegria,  the  other  two  being  Forth  Wygyr  and  Forth  Yscewyn. 
{Triad  5.) 

Forth  Wygyr  ym  M&n  {Tr,  5),  one  of  the  three  principal 
ports  in  Britam,  probably  Beaumaris.     See  Gktxygyr  river. 

Forth  Ychen,  near  LlaneUan  in  Anglesey,  where  Elian  landed 
in  his  voys^e  from  Home,  with  his  men  and  oxen  and  team 
(w6dd)  and  all  his  effects.     {Om.  Owyn  in  Elian's  Leg.  N.  3.) 

Forth  Yscewyn  :  see  Yscewyn,  etc. 

FORTHAETHWY,  the  ferry  to  and  from  Anglesey,  near  Bangor ; 
recti  Forth  Ddaethwy,  or  Daethwy's  Fort,  as  appears  from  Din- 
daethwy,  one  of  the  six  commots  of  Anglesey,  which  signifies 
Daethwy's  fort  or  castle. 

FoRTHAML,  in  Anglesey  (q.  d.  Fortus  EmiUus  ?) ;  also  Forth- 
aml  on  the  river  Wysg. 

Blodan  gwyr  dean  blodeoyn  Porthaml 
Wrfch  ymyl  y  Peutjn. — RKis,  lorwerih. 

FoRTiNLLANB,  rightly  Forthdinlleyn,  a  harbour  in  Caernarvon 
Bay.     See  LleyUy  North  Wales. 

FosT  Frydain,  an  epithet  given  to  some  great  generals  of  the 
Britons  who  fought  valiantly  against  the  Saxons  on  their  first 
coming  to  Britain.  Urien  Eeged  hath  this  epithet  also  given  him 
by  Ily  warch  HSn  : 

Llary  udd  Ujwiai  wlad 

Pen  post  Frydain  ryallad,  etc.— -31far.  TJrien  Eeged, 

And  Gr.  ap  Mad.  ap  Mredydd  by  Ilygad  Gwr : 

Post  Frydain  nrddain  wrdd  gyhyssed 
Penyadur  llafndur  llaw  egored. — LI,  Q, 

See  Poho  Post  Frydain, 

FoTHON  (Y).  Davydd  ap  y  Fothon  o  Benllyn.  His  right 
name  was  Davydd,  a  grandson  of  Ehiryd  Flaidd. 

Powell.  David  FoweU,  Doctor  of  Divinity,  vicar  of  Rhiw- 
fabon  in  Denbighshire,  published  Giraldus  Cambrensis^  Itinera- 
te 


362  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Hum  OambricB  and  Ponticus  Virunnius  with  notes,  and  also 
Caradoc's  Chronicle  of  the  Princes  of  Wales  with  some  addi- 
tions, in  which  he  hath  shewed  great  learning  and  a  considerable 
knowledge  in  our  antiquities. 

Po^YS,  wrote  also  Pywys,  and  not  Pow^s  or  Powis,  once  a 
principality  of  Wales,  and  about  A.D.  1190  divided  into  Powys 
Vadog  and  Powys  Wenwynwyn.  It  once  extended  eastward  to 
the  rivers  Dee  and  Severn,  with  the  country  between  Wy  and 
Severn,  and  in  a  line  from  Broxen  Hills  to  Salop ;  but  after 
making  Oifa's  Ditch,  and  the  Saxons  and  Normans  gaining  the 
plain  country  towards  Salop,  it  extended  from  Pulford  Bridge, 
north-east,  to  the  confines  of  Cardiganshire  at  Llangurig,  south- 
west ;  and  in  breadth,  from  the  west  part  of  Cyfeiliog  to  Els- 
mere,*  east  Ilywarch  H^n  admitted  to  Powys  after  his  expul- 
sion by  the  Saxons  from  his  country,  calls  it  Powys  Parad*ys 
Gymry. 

Ynys  Bowys  in  Llangranog,  Glamorganshire.  See  Dinas 
Bywys,     [Denys,  daughter  of  Bleddyn  ap  Cynfyn. — W,  -D.] 

Powys  Castle,  anciently  two  castles  within  the  same  walls. 
The  Lord  of  Powis  and  Baron  Dudley.  {Camden.)  Built,  or 
begun  to  be  built,  by  Cadwgan  ap  Bleddyn  ap  Cynfyn,  A.D.  1109. 
Camden  calls  him  a  renowned  Briton  because  he  sided  with  the 
King  of  England. 

Gwenwyn  yn  amwyn  am  dir  breiniawl 
Po^ys  ai  diffwys  a'i  glwys  a  gly w  ei  bawl. 

Ein.  op  Chrgavm,  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Dwyn  y  byd  yma  dan  bwys 

Dwyn  byw  dynion  o  Bowys, — H,  Kilan. 

Powys  wen  wlad  Frocbfael. —  Cyndddw^  i  Yw.  Cjfeiliog. 

PovvYS  Vadog  contained  Cantref  y  Barwn,  Cantref  y  Rhiw, 
Cantref  Uwchnant,  Cantref  Trefred,  and  Cantref  Ehaiadr.  (Price, 
Descr.) 

Powys  Wenwynwyn  contained  Cantref  y  Fymwy,  Cantref 
Ystlyc,  Cantref  Uyswynaf,  Cantref  Cydewen,  and  Cantref  Cynan. 
(Price,  Descr.) 

Pkadwen  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Pradwen  imp  para'  dyn  yw.— 0.  Ghvynedd. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  363 

PRAWST  (n.  pr.  foem.).   Prawst  verch  Elisseu  oedd  fam  Gynan 
{MS.)  a  Uywelyn  ap  Seisyllt.    Trawst,  says  Caradoo  in  Edwal. 

Predub,  the  31st  King  of  Britain. 

Predur  Teirnoc. 

Prestetonb,  in  Doomsday  Booh,  Cheshire,  corruptly  for  Prys- 
tatyn,  a  village  in  Englefield,  manor  of  Ehuddlan. 

Priaf  (n.  pr.  v.),  Priamus.  Sibli  Ddoeth  oedd  ferch  i  Briaf 
frenhin.  {MS,) — Breuddwyd  a  Phroplwydoliaeth  Sibli. 

Priodawr,  an  ancient  Celtic  word,  literally  proprietarius, 
Coel  Godebog,  priodawr  o'r  Gogledd.  EUdir  Mwynvawr,  priod- 
awr o'r  Gogledd.  {MS.)  These  were  Northern  Britons  who 
had  great  property  in  North  Britain ;  and  this  term  priodaiur, 
or  proprietor,  seems  to  be  a  local  word  among  the  Pictish 
Britons ;  whence  priodi,  to  marry,  is  to  make  a  person  one's 
property;  from  hence,  perhaps,  prcp^or.  Anciently  wrote priotor, 
priotaiar.     See  Owledig  and  Caior. 

Prydain,  Prydein,  Pryden,  one  of  the  ancient  British  names 

of  the  Isle  of  Britain.     Camden's  account  of  the  name  of  this 

island  is  this, — that  the  Greeks  called  it  Albion  {Pliny) ;  that 

it  seems  to  have  been  so  called  by  the  Greeks  in  a  fanciful 

humour,  from  Albion  the  son  of  Neptune,  as  Perrot  and  Lil. 

Giraldus  have  before  observed;  that  the  British  poets  call  it 

Inis  Wen  (Selden,  Annot.  Polyolb.,  p.  20) ;  that  Orpheus,  in  his 

Argonaviics,  if  they  be  his,  call  the  island  next  Ireland,  White 

Land.     In  the  old  Parodia  against  Ventidius  Bassus  it  is  called 

Insula  Cendi,  i.  e.,  the  green  or  blue  island, — Glas  Ynys,  which 

has  an  afl&nitv  with  the  old  name  Clas  in  the  Triades.     So 

Claudian  says  of  it, 

cnjus  vestigia  verrit 

Coeralas. 

Prosper  Aquitanus  calls  it  the  Eoman  Island,  and  Gildas  hints 
at  that  name ;  that  it  was  a  presidial,  but  never  proconsular ; 
that  the  name  Samothea,  from  Samothes,  sixth  son  of  Japhet, 
is  borrowed  of  Annius  Viterbiensis'  forged  Berosus  ;  that  it  is 
probable  the  natives  were  called  Brit  or  Brith  in  the  old  bar- 
barotts  laoiguage,  by  a  Greek  verse  which  passes  under  the  name 
of  Sibyl  (see  Myrddin's  Chwibleian) ;  that  Procopius  calls  this 
island  BrUia ;  that  in  ancient  inscriptions  set  up  by  the  Britons 


364  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

themselves  we  read  Brito,  Britones,  Brittus ;  that  the  Saxons 
called  the  Britons  Bjutaj-,  particularly  Witichund,  through  his 
whole  History,  useth  the  word  Britse ;  and  the  word  Brith,  in 
the  ancient  language  of  this  island,  signifies  anything  that  is 
painted  or  coloiired  over  with  various  colours ;  that  in  the  names 
of  almost  aU  the  ancient  Britons  there  appears  some  imitation 
of  a  colour,  as  Cogidunus,  from  coch,  etc. ;  that  Isidore  says 
Britannia  came  from  a  word  of  the  inhabitants.  So  Mr.  Camden 
concludes  Britannia  came  from  Brith  and  Tania,  a  Greek  word, 
found  in  an  old  glossary,  for  a  region  (which  Casaubon  is  not 
satisfied  with,  and  says  it  is  a  mistake  of  glossographers  for 
tainia,  a  slip  of  land).  Lucretius  and  C86sar  have  named  it 
Britannia,  and  they  are  the  first  of  the  Latins  [that]  make  men- 
tion of  it. 

This  is  all  Mr.  Camden  says  of  it ;  and  Casaabon,  in  the  room 
of  Brith-tania,  would  have  the  name  come  from  the  British  word 
hrydio,  to  warm,  to  boil,  because  the  seas  boil  and  are  more  out- 
rageous than  other  seas  ;  but  this  hath  no  foundation  in  truth, 
for  they  are  not  warmer  or  more  outrageous. 

Mr.  Humphrey  Lloyd  derives  it  from  Pryd  Cain,  quasi  Pryd- 
ain  for  softness ;  but  Camden  says  cain  is  a  Latin  word,  candin 
du8,  though  Pezron  would  make  candidvs  come  from  the  Celtic 
cain,  Camden,  in  first  inhabitants,  says  the  Greeks  called  this 
island  ^perawuiv ;  so  he  thinks  Eliot^s  Upmavela  seems  impro- 
bable. Every  man  for  the  honour  of  his  country.  Goropius 
Becanus  says  the  Danes  gave  it  the  name  of  Bridania^  i.  c.  Free 
Dania, — a  poor  antiquary,  not  knowing  the  Greeks  called  it 
Bretania.  Bodin  supposes  it  took  its  name  from  the  Spanish 
word  Bretta,  earth.  But  where  was  the  Spanish  tongue  when 
the  Greeks  called  it  Bretania  ?  Great  Bodinus  Forcatidus,  from 
Brithin,  a  kind  of  drink  among  the  Grecians.  {Atherueus.)  Others 
from  the  Brutii  in  Italy ;  and  some  pedants,  from  the  brutish 
manner  of  the  inhabitants.  (Camden,  vi,  in  Notes  on  Camden, 
p.vi.) 

According  to  the  most  ancient  Irish  antiquities  [antiquaries  ?] 
Britain  was  so  called  from  Brittan,  son  of  Fergus  Fitz  Nemech, 
formerly  called  Inis  Mdr,  agreeable  to  Aristides'  Insula  Magna, 
wliereof  Selden  in  Mare  Clavsum.  (See  Ogygia,  p.  11,  12,  66, 
170.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  365 

Our  British  traditious  say  it  was  called  by  one  Brutus  Ynys 
Brut,  i,  c,  Brut  Ynys,  and  hence  Britannia ;  and  afterwards 
Prydain  by  Prydain  ab  Aedd  Mawr,  who  conquered  it. 

Prydelaw  Menestye  Gwallgofiad,  one  of  the  ofiBicers  that 
came  with  Elidir  Mwynfawr  in  his  North  Wales  expedition 
against  Ehun  ap  Maelgwn;     (Tr.  M.  1.) 

Pryderi  ap  Dolor  Deini  o  Ddeifr  a  Brynaich  (Durham,  qu.  ?); 
wrote  also  Pryder.    He  was  one  of  the  strong  cripples.  {Tr,  21.) 

Pryderi,  mab  Pwyll  Amwyn,  un  o'r  tri  gwrddfeichiad  {Tr. 
30),  arglwydd  ar  saith  gantref  Dyfed.  Tir  Pryderi  in  Bro  GadelL 
(2).  ap  Otoilym.)  Pan  ladded  Pryderi  yn  Arfon  a  Gwrgi  yn 
Ngwanas.     {M8.  D.  Jones.) 

Ydd  wyf  prydems  fal  Pryderi. 

Einion  ap  Owalchmai^  to  Nest  ferch  Howel  (probably 

daughter  of  Howel  ap  Ow.  G-wynedd). 
See  Mahinogi. 

Prydu  ap  Braint  Hir  ap  Nevydd  ap  Geraint. 

Prydwen,  the  name  of  King  Arthur's  shield.     {Tyssiiio) 

PRYDYDD,the  common  acceptation  of  the  word  now  is  a  poet; 
but  it  seems  to  have  been,  among  the  ancients,  the  title  of  a 
branch  or  class  of  the  bards  whose  business  it  was  to  keep  an 
account  of  time  in  verse.  The  word  is  derived  from  prydy  time ; 
and  prydydd  is  literally  a  chronicler,  as  darllenydd  is  reader, 
ggrifennydd,  a  writer,  etc.  Prydu,  among  the  poets  about  the 
Norman  conquest,  was  to  sing  and  record  praises.  So  Gr.  Gryg 
to  D.  ap  GwHym. 

Sir  John  Price,  in  his  Defence  of  the  British  History,  guesses 
that  the  name  of  the  Bruides  might  come  from  the  word  Pry- 
duides,  by  which  he  means  poets  or  bards ;  but  his  pryduides, 
though  ingenious  enough,  is  a  made  word  from  prydydd,  pi. 
prydyddion,  and  hath  nothing  in  it  of  Druides. 

Prydyn,  a  name  given  to  North  Britain  or  Scotland  by  the 
provincial  Britons  and  Bomans  when  inhabited  by  those  stout 
Britons  who  would  not  yield  to  the  Roman  yoke,  and  were  called 
painted  Britons,  or  Picts,  who  are  there  still,  mixed  with  the 
Irish  Scots,  etc.    In  the  Notitia,  Britannia  Minor. 

Prys  Dolffyn,  nomen  loci  in  Mona  and  Flintshire. 

Pryseddfod  or  Prysaddfed,  nomen  loci  in  Mona. 


' 


866  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Prys  Iorwerth,  nomen  loci  in  Mona. 

Prystatyn  or  Prestatyn,  a  cjommot  and  castle  in  Tegengl, 
A.D.  1167,    {Oaradoe;  Price's  Descr,) 

Prysgaga  or  Prysgagbu,  in  Cardiganshire. 

Prysglwyn,  nomen  loci, 

Pryslygod,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J.  D)    Lloyd's. 

Prysefel,  nomen  loci  in  Mona. 

Prysor.  Castell  Prysor  in  the  parish  of  Trawsfynydd,  sup- 
posed by  Mr.  Edward  Uwyd  to  have  been  built  by  the  Bomans, 
but  gives  no  reasons  for  it.     {Notes  on  Camden,) 

PuLESTON,  enw  lie,  qu.  ?    John  o  Puleston ;  hinc  Pilstwn. 

PuMLUMON  Mountain,  rightly  Plymlumon,  from  pltom,  %.e,, 
lead,  with  which  that  country  abounds;  a  high  mountain  on 
the  east  border  of  Ceretica.  [Pumlumon,  five  standards  or  five 
beacons. — I.  Af.] 

PwLL  is  a  British  word  used  in  the  composition  of  the  names 
of  places  in  Wales  and  Cornwall ;  signifies  a  pool  of  water* 
PwU  y  Crochan  ;  Pwll  PQlo  ;  PwU  y  Tarw,  etc. 

PwLL  river.    Aberpwll,  near  Moel  y  Donn,  Caernarvonshire. 

Pwll  Halog  (nomen  loci). 

Pwll  Cynffig,  in  Glamorgan,  a  town  swallowed,  as  tradition 
has  it. 

Pwll  Gwyngyll,  a  place  in  Anglesey ;  hence  Uanvair  PwU 
Gwyngyll,  church  and  parish. 

Pwll  Cynan,  the  west  boundary  of  Morganwg,  or  lordship  of 
Glamorgan,  when  taken  by  the  Normans.    (Dr,  Powel,  p.  122.) 

Pwll  Gwttig  (n.  L).  Here  a  battle  was  fought  by  Trahaem 
ap  Caradoc,  King  of  North  Wales,  with  Rhys  ap  Owen  with  all 
the  power  of  South  Wales,  where  Rhys  and  his  brother  Howel 
were  defeated,  and  at  last  taken  and  killed,  to  revenge  the  death 
of  Bleddyn  ap  Cynvyn,  a.d.  1075.     (Oaradoc  in  Trahaem.) 

Pwll  Ceris  (nomen  loci) :  see  Oem. 

Pwllheli,  a  seaport  in  Lleyn,  Caernarvonshire.  Qu.  whether 
Pwll  Eli,  and  that  the  river  from  the  west  was  called  Eli  ? 

Pwll  Ffanogl,  a  creek  in  the  river  Menai  in  Anglesey. 

PwMFFRED  (ifS.),  Pomfret.  A  dorresid  ei  ben  gerllaVr  Pwm- 
ffred. 

Pwyll  (n.  pr.  v.). 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  3C7 

PwYLL  Amwyn,  father  of  PryderL     (Tr.  30.) 

PWYLL  GWYDDEL  (dl  pr.  V.). 

PwYLL  Pendefig  Dyfed  ap  Casnar  Wledig.     [MaMnogi.) 

PwYLL  or  Y  PwYL,  Poland.     {B.  Vaughan) 

PwYLiAiD,  Polanders. 

PwYTH  Meinlas,  where  Caesar  first  landed  in  Britain. 

Pybyr  ap  Caper  ap  Puder  ap  Stradwar  ap  Pandwlph  ap  Cjm- 
wlph. 

Ptctas^  the  name  of  certain  light  skifTs^  or  scouting  vessels 
(or,  as  we  now  call  them,  teTiders),  among  the  ancient  Britons 
mentioned  by  Fl.  Vegetius  (De  He  Milit.,  L  iv,  c.  37).  They  had 
about  twenty  rowers,  and  attended  the  bigger  sort  of  pinnaces, 
or,  as  now  called,  men  of  war.  Their  sails,  and  even  the  saUors' 
clothes,  were  dyed  of  a  sea-green,  that  they  might  approach  the 
enemy  undiscovered,  and  so  make  sudden  attacks  and  intercept 
transport,  etc.  This  word,  in  some  copies  of  Vegetius,  is  wrote 
pictas  and  picates;  and  in  the  old.  French  translations  of  Yege* 
tins  it  is  picaces  and  pigaces ;  and  it  is  Godeschalius  Stewechius' 
opinion  on  this  place,  that  they  were  called  pincas,  for  that  as 
this  day  in  Britain  and  Holland  such  vessels  are  called  pinks  or 
een  pinke.  What  a  beating  about  the  bush  there  is  here  about 
the  name  of  a  kind  of  vessel !  The  English  and  Dutch,  who  are 
Germans,  may  lay  claim  to  the  word  een  pinke,  but  the  ancient 
British  tongue  hath  it  not.  Yegetius  was  a  Constantinopolitan, 
and  lived  about  the  year  386,  just  on  the  decline  of  the  Boman 
empire  in  Britain ;  therefore  he  must  mean  these  British  ships 
of  war  belonged  to  the  Northern  Pictish  Britons  who  infested 
the  Boman  or  Southern  Britains  with  their  shipping.  (Selden, 
Mare  dates,,  p.  229.)  What  is  more  natural  than  for  a  Boman 
to  caU  the  small  craft  of  the  Picts,  which  were  really  coloured 
sea-green,  pyctas  t  The  Bomans  in  Britain  (or,  if  you  please  to 
call  them  Southern  Britons  who  were  really  Boman)  called  them 
so ;  and  they  also  called  those  stout  Northern  Britons  who 
refused  the  Boman  yoke  Picti,  because  they  painted  themselves, 
though  these  Britains  called  themselves  in  their  own  language 
Brython,  as  appears  by  the  works  of  Myrddin  Wyllt,  who  was  a 
Caledonian  Pict,  and  whose  poems  are  understood  to  this  day  in 
Wales,  where  he  ended  his  days.    There  is  no  great  conjuration 


368  CKLTIC  REMAINS. 

« 

then  to  find  that  Fyctas  or  Pictas  was  a  British  Latin  or  bastard 
Latin  name  given  by  the  Roman  party  to  the  tenders  or  privateers 
of  the  Pictish  Northern  Britons  who  gave  them  so  much  trouble. 
The  very  account  of  their  dyeii^g  their  sails  and  clothes  shews 
it.  Vegetius  says  the  Romans  observed  these  Britons  called 
them  Pictas ;  i.  e,,  the  provincial  Britons  called  them  so  in  Latin, 
which  was  the  common  language  then  among  the  Roman  Britons, 
or  else  a  mongrel  mixture  of  Latin  and  British. 

Ptdew,  a  draw-well,  an  appellative  for  water  in  the  name  of 
some  places.    Pydew,  in  Creuddyn,  etc. 

Pyll,  a  son  of  Lly  warch  Hen,  kiUed  in  battle  :  hence  PyUi, 
nomen  loci  in  Cardiganshire.     Pyll,  father  of  Gweir.  (Oaradoc.) 

Py'mer,  King  of  Loegria  in  the  time  of  the  Pentarchy  and 
confusion,  the  20th  King  after  Brutua 

Pyr,  the  67th  King  of  Britain ;  Latinized  Pyrrus.  Maenor 
Byrr ;  and  Ynys  Byrr,  Caldey  in  Penbrokeshire,  from  Pyr,  abbot 
of  a  monastery  on  that  island 

Pywye  Lew  ap  Bwydeg. 


R. 

Ragat,  a  place  in  Meirion.     See  Goer  Reged, 

Ranullt  (verch  Reinallt  brenin  Manaw)  oedd  fam  Wladus 
verch  Gr.  ap  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth  Drwyndwn. 

Reget  :  vid.  Mwreyf  and  Urien  Reged: 

Regni,  a  people  of  Loegria. 

Regnum,  qu.  Yr  Hengwm  ? 

Reinallt  ap  Meuric  ap  Rhys. 

Reiol  (Plas)  Ynghaerd^f :  qu.  an  id.  palace  royal? 

Reweniov,  in  Doomsday  Book,  Cheshire ;  corruptly  wrote  for 
Bhyfoniog.  "  Robertus  tenet  de  rege  Ros  et  Rewenio V,  i.  e,,  Rhos 
and  Rhyfoniog. 

Rhad  Vach  :  see  Rhaiadr  Bach. 

Rhaeadr,  a  cataract  (from  rhuo,  qtt  rhuaddwfr,  i,  c,  roaring 
water). 

Rhaglan,  a  church  and  parish  [and  castle —  W.  D.]  in  Mon- 
mouthshire. Y  Llys  yn  Rhaglan;  Neuadd  Rhaglan;  et  hinc 
denomin.  Robert  Rhaglan. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  .  369 

Bhaiadr,  a  cantref  in  Powys  Vadog,  containing  Mochnant  is 
Ehaiadr,  Oynllaeth,  and  Nanhendwy.    (Price,  Descr,) 

Shaiadr  Bach  ap  Asser  neu  Arseth. 

Bhaiadr  Gwy,  a  town  in  Eadnorshire,  on  the  river  Gwy ;  f .  e.-, 
the  Cataract  of  Gwy.    The  castle  built  by  Lord  Eees,  a.d.  117&. 

Ehaiadr  Mochnant  :  see  Fistyll  Ehaiadr. 

Ehain  ap  Brychan  Brycheiniog.    Mae  iddo  deml  ym  Manaw. 

Ehat  ap  Asser  ap  Hedd  Molwynog. 

Ehedyn.  Mynachlog  yr  Ehedyn  or  Yr  Hedyn,  the  ruins  of 
a  small  monastery  or  cell  of  monks  on  the  land  called  Bryn  y 
OefeUiau,  near  Bettws  Llanfihangel  in  Eryri,  on  the  river  Conwy. 

Ehedynog  Velen  (Y),  nomen  loci  in  Caernarvonshire.  Ehed- 
ynog  is  FeUcevs.    See  Tal  y  Rhedynog. 

Eheged  or  Eeget  (n.  L),  a  country  in  the  north  of  Britain  ; 
Latin,  Begedia.  (E.  Zlwyd.)  Called  also  Mwreyf,  where,  in  the 
time  of  Uthur  Bendragon,  Urien  Eeged  was  Prince.  His  son, 
Owen  ap  Urien  Eeged,  was  one  of  King  Arthur's  great  officers. 
His  country  was  given  to  Urien  ap  Cynfarch  by  Arthur,  says 
Tyssilio.    This  Mwreyf  is  called  by  Galfrid  Murefrensium. 

Gwae  Eeged  o  heddyw. 

Lhfwarch  Een^  in  Urien  Eeged's  Elegy. 

Tir  Eeged.     (Gorhoflfedd  R,  ap  0.  Qvyynedd) 

Ehei,  or  Ehai,  gwraig  Gyrthmwl.  {Llywarch  Hen,  Marwnad 
Cynddylan.) 

Eheidiol  (fl.),  in  Cardiganshire,  rises  in  Plumlumon,  and, 
taking  in  several  rivers,  falls  into  the  sea  near  Aberystwyth.  It 
is  wrote  also  Eheidiawl. 

Llewychedig  llafn  yn  Haw  reddfawl 

Tn  lladd  dy  wrthladd  i  wrth  Lys  Eheidiawl. 

Einion  ap  Gwgan,  i  L.  ap  lorwerth. 

Eheiniad  :  vid.  Gwyndda  Rheiniad.     {Tr,  M.  1.) 
Eheon  and  Ehyd  Eeon. 

Neud  gweigion  Arfon  is  Eheon  Eyd. 

Qwilym  Ddu,  to  Sir  Gr.  Llwyd- 

Ehial,  enw  lie  yn  swydd  Fflint. 

Ehiarot  Y.Fram,  some  noted  king-at-arms  or  herald,  to 

47 


370  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

whom  (it  was  remarkable  that)  two  Princes,  Llew  Uawgyfies 
and  Gwdion,  applied  for  names  and  arms.  (Tt.  77.)  In  Trioedd 
y  Meirch,  No.  5,  this  man  is  Bahawt  eil  Morgant. 

Ehidian.  Llanridian,  Glamorganshire.  There  are  fairs  kept 
here. 

Bhiekgar,  daughter  of  Lluddocca  ap  Cariadog  Freichfras. 
(J.  D.) 

Rhiengar,  verch  Brychan,  mam  Geinydr  Sant. 

Ehieinwg  :  see  Brdmoc. 

Bhtn,  river,  the  Bhine  in  France.  Morrinwyr,  the  Morini, 
that  inhabited  between  the  Rhine  and  the  sea. 

Mn  frim  yn  nhre'r  Rhin 
Yn  darllen  llyfrau  Myrddin. 

Ehineri  (n.  pr.  v.).  Bhineri  fab  Tangwn,  one  of  the  tri  gwrdd- 
faglawg ;  qu.  strong  crooks  ? 

Bhionydd  (n.  pr.).  Penrhyn  Bhionydd  yn  y  Gogledd,  where 
the  north  coronet  or  talaith  (diadem)  was  wore  under  the  crown 
of  London.  {Tr,  2.)  Edinburgh.  'See  Din  JEtddyn.  This  is  the 
same  with  Penrhyn  Rhianedd  and  Castell  y  Morwynion,  i.e.,  the 
Castle  pf  Virgins.  Penrhyn  Bhionedd,  the  seat  of  the  Princes 
of  Cumbria.     (JE,  Llwyd,) 

Ehiryd  Flaidd,  a  noted  warrior  in  the  time  of  Owein  Gwyn- 
edd,  Prince  of  Wales.  He  was  lord  of  Pennant.  (Gynddelw,  i 
Eiryd  Flaidd.) 

Priodawr  Pennant  pennaf  uchelwr 

Uchelwyr  vodrydaf. 

Mae  yn  vlaidd  am  car,  etc. — Gynddelw, 

Llin  Birid  glendid  glander. —  0.  LI.  M. 

Vid.  Garmon  a  Blaidd. 

[Ehisgae,  in  Monmouthshire,  the  Welsh  Gotham,  He  hynod 
am  ffyliaid.  Odid  nad  prydyddion  ydynt  oil  y  trigolion,  os  gwir 
y  chwedlau  digrifon  y  siaredir  am  danynt.  Un  o  honynt  yw 
lolo. — /.  3f.] 

Bhitta  Gawr,  a  Prince  mentioned  in  BnU  y  Brenhinoedd. 
He  seems  to  have  been  a  freebooter  or  pillager  on  the  marches 
towards  Scotland.  The  story  is,  he  had  a  cap  made  of  the  beards 
of  the  princes  or  great  men  he  had  conquered,  which  he  had 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  371 

flayed  and  sewed  together ;  and  had  left  room  for  the  beard  of 
Arthur  to  crown  it,  as  he  was  the  chief  of  kings.  So  in  a  bravado 
he  sent  a  message  to  Arthur  to  flay  his  beard,  and  to  send  it 
him,  or  else  to  come  and  fight  him  hand  to  hand,  and  whoever 
should  get  the  day  should  have  the  other's  beard  and  cap. 
Accordingly  King  Arthur  accepted  the  challenge,  and  gained  the 
prize.  (TyssUio.)  This  and  some  other  passages  in  the  British 
history,  where  there  is  mention  of  the  word  caior,  was  by  Galfrid 
into  Latin  translated  {gigas)  a  giant,  whereas  the  meaning  of 
the  word  among  the  ancient  Britons  was  a  prince  or  a  man  of 
great  power ;  and  by  being  ridiculously  worded,  hath  given  them 
the  air  of  fable ;  whereas  it  is  no  more  improbable  that  Arthur 
(the  Prince  of  the  Britons  that  had  been  lately  Eoman  provin- 
cials) should  fight  Bhitta,  a  Pictish  Prince^  in  a  single  combat, 
than  that  the  great  Canute,  who  was  King  of  Sweden,  Norway, 
and  Denmark,  should  fight  Edmund  Ironside  the  Saxoii  in  sight 
of  both  their  armies ;  and  a  challenge  of  this  nature  hath  been 
in  the  time  of  Henry  VIII,  between  the  King  of  Prance  and  the 
Emperor  of  Germany. 

Rhiw,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  in  the  composition  of  the  names 
of  places  in  Britain.  It  signifies  high  ground  or  side  of  a  bank. 
"  Cadw  dithau'r  rhiw*^  B^y%  Llywarch  Hen  to  his  son  in  the 
battle ;  Le.y  keep  the  upper  ground.  Ehiw  Gyferthwch  yn  Erjrri 
(TV.  30) ;  Ehiw  'r  Saeson,  Montgomeryshire ;  Ehiw  Leding ; 
Ehiw  Arthen.  In  the  Greek,  rhion  (piov)  signifies  the  top  of  a 
mountain  or  promontory.  In  the  Latin,  rupes  is  a  steep  bank 
or  rock. 

Ehiw  (Y),  a  cantref  in  Powys  Vadog,  containing  the  commots 
of  lal,  Ystrad  Alun,  and  Hope. 

Ehiw  Dydrnwy. 

A  mi  ddiBgoganaf  gwaith  Machawy 
Adfydd  geloraa  rhydd  yn  Bhiw  Dydrnwy. 

Hoiane  Myrddin, 

Ehiw  Felen  {Llywarch  ffen),  a  mountain  or  high  land  near 
Llangollen,  where  GwSll  ap  Llywarch  Hen  was  buried. 

Ehiw  Feddgain,  mentioned  by  Einion  ap  Gwgawn  in  Canu  i 
Lywelyn  ap  lorwerth. 

Ehiw  Hirieth,  a  gentleman's  seat  (J.  D.)    See  Hirieth  afon. 


372  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Ehiw'r  Hyddod.     {G.  Olyn,  i  Hywel.) 

Ehtw  Tanad,  the  house  or  monastery  of  Ehys  Abad  Ystrad 

Fflur. 

Awn  hyd  yno  a'n  dilyno 

A'n  rhaid  tyno  yn  Rhiw  Tanad. 

O.  Glyn^  i  Bys  Abad. 

Emw  Y  Caws.    Aberrhiw  y  Caws. 

Rhiwabon,  rect6  Ehiw  Fabon,  a  town  in  Denbighshire; 
church  and  parish,  vicarage.    See  Hhiw. 

Ehiwalallt  {Price's  Descr.)^  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref 
Melienydd,  between  Wy  and  Severn.    Qu.  whether  Ehiwlallt  ? 

Ehiwallon  ap  Cunedda>  the  13th  King  of  Britain. 

Ehiwallon  ap  Dingad. 

Ehiwallon  Wallt  Banhadlen,  one  of  the  tri  deifiiiog  Tnys 
Prydain.     (Tr.  10.) 

Ehiwallon  ap  Urien,  yn  ymladd  a'r  Saeson.  {Tr.  49.)  In 
some  battle  this  Ehiwallon  fought  with  the  Saxons.  His  men 
tied  their  feet  together  by  pairs,  resolving  to  die  or  keep  the 
field.     {Tr,  49.)     See  also  Serigi, 

Ehiwallon  Burhualog.  This  Ehiwallon  and  the  other  two 
Eurhualog,  or  golden-fettered  (which  were  Ehun  ap  Maelgwn 
and  Cadwaladr  the  Blessed),  were  so  tall  that  no  horses  high 
enough  could  be  got  for  them  without  their  using  a  kind  of 
stirrups  made  of  gold  chains,  and  a  pan  of  gold  for  the  knee. 
(Tr.  22.) 

Ehiwddolion,  a  place  between  Bettws  and  -Dolwyddelen. 
Here  is  a  stone  called  Carreg  yr  Tsgrifen,  with  these  letters,  as 
D.  Jones  says,  Luz. 

Ehiwedog,  recti  Ehiw  Waedog,  in  Meirion. 

Ehiwlallt,  nomen  loci.     (Z.  6,  Cothi.) 

Ehiwlas,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Meirion. 

Prysur  hael  Prys  o'r  Rhiwlas. — letian  Tew. 
Ehodni  Eiver.    Aber  Ehodni,  and  not  Hodni,  which  see,  qu,  ? 

Ehif  leuan  ddwylan  ddeiliad 

Ehyd  jDglynn  Ehodni  yngwlad. 

Llewelyn  6och  y  DanL 
Aber  hydr-aer  Ehodni. 

Frydydd  y  Mochf  i  Lywelyn. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  373 

Glyn  Ehodni,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Pennythen  in  Mor- 
ganwg :  so  there  may  be  Hodni  and  Ehodni. 

[Ehodni,  a  river  of  Glamorgan.  Glyn  Ehodni  in  Glamorgan. 
—J.  Jf .] 

Ehodri,  generally  translated  in  Latin  Eodericus  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Ehodri  Mawr,  or  Eoderick'the  Great,  King  of  Wales,  famous 
for  dividing  Wales  between  three  of  his  sons.  He  was  son  of 
Esyllt,  daughter  of  Cynan  Tindaethwy.  He  was  killed  in  a 
battle  with  the  Saxons  in  Anglesey,  a.d.  876 ;  and  also  G wyriad, 
his  brother. 

Ehodri  Molwynog,  son  of  Idwal  Iwrch,  son  of  Cadwaladr, 
King  of  Britain,  who  reigned  in  Cornwall  and  Devon  about 
thirty  years,  and  till  about  the  year  750,  and  then  was  drove  by 
the  Saxons  to  Wales.    He  was  father  of  Cynan  Tindaethwy. 

Ehodygeidio,  the  pttrish  of  Ceidio,  in  Anglesey.    See  Ceidio, 

Ehoddvtn,  the  river  Ehone  in  Gaul,  in  Latin  Ehodanus,  h. 
rhedec,  says  Camden.     What  river  doth  not  run  ? 

Ehoddwtdd.  Castell  y  Ehodwydd  in  lal,  built  by  0.  Gwyn- 
edd,  A.D.  1149. 

Ehoddwtdd  Arderyd,  a  place  in  Scotland,  where  a  great 
battle  was  fought  in  the  civil  war  between  Ehydderch  Hael  and 
the  more  northern  Picts  and  AeJdan  Fradwg.  This  battle  was 
seventeen  years  after  the  death  of  Arthur,  A.D.  557  {Aer.  Oamh.), 
when  all  Britain  was  in  confusion.  It  was  occasioned  by  a  trifle 
mentioned  in  the  Triades,  Hoiane  Myrddin,  etc. 

Ehoet  ap  Donet  ap  TudwaL 

Ehomani,  the  Eomans. 

Teymedd  anrhyfedd  en  cynnyfeddi 

Gwyddyl  a  Bryihon  a  Ehomani. — Hoian.  Myrddin. 

Ehonabwy  (n.  pr.  v.).    Breuddwyd  Ehonabwy.  {Llyfr  Coch  o 

Hergest) 

Ehonech,  Island  {Oapgrave  in  the  life  of  St.  Cadoc) ;  perhaps 

Caldey.    Qu.  ? 

Ehon  GYMYNiAN,the  name  of  King  Arthur's  glaifor  billhook, 
which  broad  hatchet,  and  his  sword  called  Caledjwlch,  and  his 
shield  on  his  shoulder,  called  Prydwen,  are  his  arms  described 
by  Tyssilio,  in  his  first  battle  against  the  Saxons. 


374  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Rhokwen,  the  Saxon  Princess  callod  by  Verstegan  Bowenna, 
but  by  the  Triades  Ehonwen.  It  is  remarkable  that  Nennios 
doth  not  give  us  her  name,  and  only  says  she  was  the  fair 
daughter  of  Hengist,  and  that  she  served  King  Gwrtheyrn  with 
wine  and  strong  drinks  till  she  made  him  drunk,  and  he  was 
with  love  of  her;  but  VerstegaH  proves,  out  of  Utilapius,  a 
German,  that  she  was  not  Hengistus's  daughter,  hut  his  niece  ; 
and  one  of  our  British  poets  says  as  much,  and  that  she  was  the 

daughter  of  Hors : 

A  Bhonwen  ferch  yr  hen  Hors 
Y  rhiain,  ferch  yr  hen  Fors. 

She  is  also,  by  the  British  poets^  called  the  general  mother  of 
the  EngUsh,  whom  they  call  Hil  Bhonwen  and  Llwyth  Bhonwen 
and  Plant  Bhonwen. 

A  chrog  Lwyth  Bhonwen  wrth  ganghennan 
Ac  ennyn  tewyn  yn  en  teiaa. — L.  01,  Coihi, 

Drwj  dal  yr  arth  drwyadl  wenn 

Y  trionnir  Plant  Bhonwen. — D.  LI.  ap  LI.  ap  Oruffydd. 

Jo.  Major  {Hist,  Scot.)  calls  her  Bonouen, 

Eh&s  is  a  British  word  used  in  the  composition  of  several 
names  of  places  in  Britain.  From  hence  comes  Boss,  a  town  in 
Herefordshire;  and  Boose,  a  cantref  in  Penbrokeshire,  inha- 
bited by  Flemings;  and  abundance  of  places  in  Wales  and 
Cornwall.  The  word  signifies,  at  present,  a  wet,  splashy,  heathy 
ground,  and  so  Dr.  Davies  also  translates  it  Such  grounds  are 
Ehos  Vadog,  Ehos  Uigwy,  Bhosdre  Hwfa,  Bhos  y  Gaer,  Bhos 
Widol,  Bhos  y  Ehiw,  Bhos  Gellan,  etc.  But  anciently  the  word 
Ehos  had  another  sense,  and  signified  something  like  the  Latin 
rus,  a  plain,  inhabited,  arable  country.  Such  are  the  countries 
before  mentioned,  of  Bhos  in  Penbrokeshire,  Bhos  in  Hereford- 
shire, and  Bhos  in  Denbighshire.  Llanelian  yn  Bhos ;  Llan- 
drillo'n  Bhos ;  l^lwys  Bos^  etc.,  churches  and  parishes  in  that 
district  or  deanery,  Ehoscolun,  or  Colyn,  or,  as  some  say,  Colofh. 
Bhosaur,  Bhossir,  or  Bhossyr,  Newborough.  Bhosbeirio  Church, 
Anglesey.  Boss-shire  in  Scotland.  Bhosnant  in  Dyfed.  (Irish 
History,  etc.) 

[Bhibs,  in  Glamoi^anshire,  is  a  fine  plain,  ver}'^  fertile,  and 


CBLTIC  REMAINS.  375 

may  be  esteemed  not  only  one  of  the  best  parts  of  the  county, 
but  of  the  island  of  Britain.  Iih/(b8  is  masculine ;  lihds,  femi- 
nine.— 7.  M.] 

Khos,  a  cantref  in  Penbrokeshire,  called  by  the  Flemish  inha- 
bitants Boose.  It  contains  three  commots,  Uwch  Duks,  Is  Dulas, 
and  Creuthyn.     (Price,  Descr,) 

Ehobmanach,  a  place  in  Anglesey,  near  Dulas;  so  named, 
probably,  from  monks,  being  near  the  famous  collegiate  church 
or  monastery  of  Elian  Sant.    See  Bosmanadi  and  Pedrog. 

Bhosser,  I  suppose  the  same  with  Soger.  (Dr.  Davies,  p.  162.) 

Bhossiel,  Bochel  in  France. 

Bwrw  Bhossiel  ar  win  melys 

Ni  fwriwyd  trai  ar  ford  Bhys. — Hytoel  Dqfydd. 

Bhossyb,  Bhosir,  Bhossir,  Bhosvair,  Bhosaur,  Bhosair,  and 
Bhoshir,  Newborough  in  Anglesey.  The  Englyn  produced  by 
Mr.  E.  Ilwyd  in  his  notes  on  Camden's  Anglesey  proves  nothing, 
which  shows  how  little  Mr.  Llwyd  knew  of  the  poetry  of  the 
Britons,  and  their  rules  to  secure  the  language.  The  word 
Bhossyr  doth  not  come  within  the  cyyighanedd  to  make  a  proof. 
Cantref  Bhossyr,  one  of  the  three  cantrefs  of  Anglesey,  contain- 
ing the  commots  of  Tjmdaethwy  and  Menai     (Price,  Descr) 

Bhual,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J,  B.) 

Bhuawn  Pefyr  ap  Gwyddno,  un  o'r  tri  eurgelein.    (Tr.  63.) 

Bhtjd,  qu.  ?    Sc. 

Bhudd  (red).     Gwgon  Gleddyfrudd. 

Bhydd  Fedel  Frych  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Bhudd  Fedel  rbyfel  rhyferthwy. — Yw.  CyfeiUog, 

Bhuddallt.  Gruffudd  or  Bhuddallt,  ap  Madog  Vychan  ap 
Madog  GrupL 

Bhuddlad  Sant.    Llanrhuddlad  (in  Anglesey)  Church. 

Bhuddlak  (&  rhudd  and  llan,  q.  d.  red  place) ;  hence  the 
English  name  Butland  or  Buddyland.  Bhuddlan  Tegeingl  is  the 
town  and  castle  of  Bhuddlan  in  Flintshire,  first  built  by  Llew- 
elyn ap  Sitsyllt,  Prince  of  Wales,  says  Camden.  The  monastery 
began  to  be  built  ad.  258.  (-Sf/Sl,  but  qu.  ?)  At  Bhuddlan,  in 
Flintshire,  was  made  the  Welsh  Statute  of  Butland  in  the  time 
of  Edward  T. 


37B  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Ymladd  Rhuddlan,  A.D.  795*    Caradog,  King  of  North  Walesr, 
was  slain  by  the  Saxons.     {Garadoc^  p.  20.) 
Wrote  also  Eutglan  in  old  MSS. 

A  Butglan  yn  rhntlaw  amgant. 

Prydydd  y  Moch^  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Mr.  Camden,  in  his  Britannia,  after  his  description  of  Bhudd- 
Ian,  gives  us  the  foUowing  surprising  account ;  surprising,  indeed, 
to  come  from  an  author  who  is  so  apt  to  charge  others  with 
ignorance  and  fabulous  accounts : 

"  Below  this  Castle'^  (says  he)  "  the  river  Clwyd  is  discharged 
into  the  sea ;  and  tho'  the  valley  at  the  mouth  of  this  liver 
does  seem  lower  than  the  sea,  yet  it  is  never  overflown ;  but  by 
a  natural  tho'  invisible  impediment,  the  water  stands  on  the  viBry 
brink  of  the  shore,  to  our  just  admiration  of  Divine  Providence." 

One  would  think  that  Mr.  Camden  was  asleep  when  he  wrote 
this,  or  else  that  an  itch  of  relating  wonders  where  there  are 
none  is  natural  for  the  describers  of  countries.  This  is  worse 
than  Giraldus  Cambrensis'  one-eyed  fish  and  floating  island 
(Oamden  in  Caernarvonshire) ;  or,  indeed,  any  of  GalMd's  or 
Nennius'  wonders,  for  they  don't  apply  their  wonders  to  the 
false  admiration  of  Divine  Providence. 

Did  any  river  ever  run  up  hill  ?  If  not,  why  then  should  he 
think  that  the  Clwyd  did  ?  But  if  to  the  contrary,  if  the  river 
Clwyd  ran  down  to  the  sea,  through  that  surprising  valley,  as  all 
rivers  naturally  do,  must  not  the  valley  be  higher  than  the  sea  ? 
Then  where  is  the  wonder  that  the  sea  should  stop  at  high- 
water  mark  in  this,  no  more  than  in  the  mouth  of  the  Thames  ? 
An  author  that  is  so  inaccurate  in  his  philosophy  is  not  to  be 
relied  upon  in  relations  of  this  kind.  To  account  for  this  blunder 
of  Mr.  Camden,  he  stood  on  a  hill  when  he  observed  the  valley 
about  Vorryd ;  and  the  high  waves  of  the  sea  beating  upon  the 
shore,  and  rolling  back  as  if  some  invisible  hand  had  drove  them 
and  the  sea  towards  the  Isle  of  Man,  making  an  angle  nigher 
the  level  of  his  eye  than  that  of  the  vaUey,  he  concluded,  for 
want  of  skill  in  optics,  that  the  valley  was  lower  than  the  sea. 
So  his  eye  deceived  him  because  he  made  no  use  of  his  reason. 
But  enough  of  this. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  377 

Bhuddlan  Dbifi.  From  rhudd,  red,  came  alao  Bodrhyddan, 
a  gentleman's  seat  near  Bhuddlan. 

Bhuddlan  (Bwlch),  in  Perfedd,  Cardiganshire. 

Yn  Bhuddlan  degfan  Deifi  draohas  Eingl 
Yn  Bhuddlan  Degeingl  teg  a  threfi. 

Prydydd  y  Moah^  i  Ld.  ap  lorwerth. 

Bhuddlwm  Gawb,  some  lord  or  man  of  power,  cotemporary 
with  Coll  ap  Collfrewy.  (2V.  32.)  Hud  Bhuddlwm  Gawr  a 
ddysgodd  i  Coll  mab  Collfrewy.     (TV.  32.) 

Bhuawk.     Bedd  Ehuawn.    Bedd  Bhuawn  Pefr. 

Hyd  Gkiwmwy  vudd  rhwy  ar  fedd  Bhuawn. 

Marvmad  Trahaeam. 

Ehuddnant,  a  river  in  Cardiganshire,  runs  into  Mynach. 

Bhufain,  Bomay  Bome. 

Bhufaon  ap  Cunedda  Wledig,  who  gave  name  to  Bhyfoniog. 
(Price,  Descr.) 

Bhufawn  Pefr  (n.  pr.  v.).  Cyfoeth  Bhufawn  Pefr.  {Araith 
lolo  Ooch) 

Bhufawn  Pefk,  mab  Deorarth  Wledig,  was  one  of  the  tri 
gwyn  teym  Ynys  Prydain.     (5V.  9.) 

Bhug  or  Grug.    llanrug,  Caernarvonshire. 

Bhun  Baladb  Bras,  the  8th  King  of  Britain,  son  of  Ueon. 
In  his  time  Caer  Paladur,  since  called  Caer  Septon  (Shaftsbury), 
was  built,  where  a  man  called  AccivU  foretold  what  would  happen 
to  the  Britons ;  and  this  man  was  afterwards  by  ignorant  Latin 
writers  called  Aquila,  and  they  feigned  that  an  eagle  uttered 
those  prophecies ;  and  so  they  were,  after  them,  in  the  Bomans' 
time,  called  by  the  Britons  Prophwydoliaeth  yr  Eryr  o  Gaer 
Septon,  neu*r  Prophwydoliaeth  Fawr,  ie.,  the  Great  Prophecy. 
The  Britains  paid  as  great  a  regard  to  these  prophecies  as  the 
Bomans  did  to  the  Sibylline  Oracles,  and  the  very  fate  of  the 
nation  often  depended  on  them,  as  appears  by  Cadwaladr  and 
Alan,  King  of  Armorica,  consulting  with  this  prophecy  whether 
Cadwaladr  should  return  to  his  kingdom  or  no,  after  a  vision  or 
a  dream  he  had  seen,  where  an  angel  ordered  him  to  go  to 
Bome.  See  Leland,  Brit.  Script,  c  5  and  6.  Leland,  following 
other  Latin  authors,  writes  him  Budubrasius  Luelli  filius,  and 

48 


378  CELTIC  BEMAINS. 

Eudibracius ;  and  ignorant  transcribers  have  ridiculously  called 
him  Hudibras  and  Eudhudibras ;  and  it  requires  a  spirit  of  pro- 
phecy to  find  out,  "without  other  helps^  that  this  was  Ehun 
Baladr  Bras,  i.e.,  Ehun  with  the  thick  spear,  as  all  our  writers 
in  the  British  tongue  call  him. 

Ehuk  ap  Urien  Eeged  was  the  name  of  Paulinus,  Bishop  of 
in  King  Edwin's  time,  whom  he  baptized  before  he  under- 
took to  preach  to  the  Saxons.  He  took  the  name  Paulinus  at 
Eome.  Bede  (L  i,  c.  9)  says  Paulinus  was  ordained  Bishop,  A.D. 
625,  by  Justus,  and  he  was  sent  by  Eadbald,  King  of  Kent,  with 
Edelbuig  his  sister,  who  married  Edwin,  King  of  Northumber, 
to  take  care  of  her  religion,  Edwin  being  a  pagan  {Bede) ;  and 
he  converted  and  baptized  Edwin.     {Nennms,  c.  65.) 

This  Ehun  ap  Urien  was  brought  up  in  Eome,  and  was  sent 
by  Pope  Gregory,  in  company  with  Mellitus,  Justus,  and  Eufinus, 
to  assist  Augustine ;  and,  being  master  of  the  British  language, 
was  a  proper  person  enough. 

In  one  copy  of  Nennius  it  is  Eimin  ap  Urb,i.c,  S.  Paulinus ;  an- 
other, Eim  mapUrb;  another,  Eun  mapUrbgen  (L.Oott);  another, 
Eunmap  Urbgen ;  another,  Sanctus  Paulinus;  another,  Eun  mep 
Vris  Bechen.  Is  it  not  surprising  that  Dr.  Gill,  the  annotator 
on  Nennius,  should  be  so  ignorant  as  to  read  this  Eun  map  Urb- 
gen =Eomanus  Urbigense  ?  Had  he  not  read  in  Nennius,  in  the 
very  chapter,  that  Hussa  fought  with  four  British  kings,  Urb- 
gen, Gwallawg,  Ehydderch,  and  Morgant ;  and  that  Urbgen  and 
his  sons  had  fought  valiantly  with  Deodric  of  Northumbria  ? 
And  doth  not  every  man,  the  least  acquainted  with  our  British 
affairs,  know  that  Urien,  Gwallawc,  Ehydderch,  were  Princes 
then  on  the  borders  of  Scotland  ?  See  Myrddin  Wyllt's  works, 
and  Llywarch  Hen's,  and  the  Triades ;  and  they  all  speak  it 
aloud.  Llywarch  Hen,  in  Marwnad  Urien,  mentions  this  Ehun 
which  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  mistook  for  Ehun  ap  Maelgwn,  not 
knowing  that  Urien  had  a  son  of  this  name. 

Ehun  ap  Predur,  the  42nd  King  of  Britain. 

Ehun,  mab  Einiawn,  un  o'r  tri  thrahawc,  probably  ab  Urien. 

Ehun,  mab  Beli,  un  o'r  tri  rhuddfoawc.     (TV.  25.) 

Ehun  Eyfeddfawr.    {Tt.  74.) 

Ehun  ap  Maelgwn  Gwynedd;  hence  Caer  Ehun,  and  not 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  379 

Oaer  Hen,  as  some  people  dream.  Bhiin  ap  Maelgwn  succeeded 
his  father  in  the  kingdom ;  but  the  Saxons  gaining  ground,  he 
fixed  his  court  at  Diganwy.  He  being  not  born  in  wedlock, 
Elidir  Mwynfawr  (priodawr  o'r  Gogledd),  a  Prince  of  North 
Britain^  landed  at  Bedwharf,  in  Anglesey,  to  claim  the  crown, 
and  was  killed  at  Abernefydd  in  Caernarvonshire.  His  relations 
in  the  north  came  with  a  strong  fleet,  and  landed  at  the  Eifl  in 
Caernarvonshire,  and  burnt  the  country  from  thence  to  Hergyn, 
Bhun  gathered  the  power  of  Gwynedd,  and  met  them,  drove 
them  to  their  ships,  followed  them  to  Forth  Ewerydd  (Solway 
Frith),  and  defeated  them,  or  made  up  matters  with  them ; 
so  that  his  assistance  was  required,  with  his  victorious  army,  to 
expel  the  Scots  and  Saxons  who  encroached  upon  them.  In 
this  afiair  he  was  employed  with  his  army  so  long,  amd  in  enter- 
tainments and  debaucheries  after  his  conquests,  that  his  sol- 
diers' wives,  grown  impatient  of  so  long  an  absence,  and  pos- 
sessed with  the  spirit  of  jealousy,  as  they  came  to  understand 
their  husbands  preferred  other  women  to  them,  took  their  own 
slaves  to  their  beds,  and  contracted  new  marriages.  On  Bhun's 
return  home  with  his  army  they  had  some  difficulty  to  recover 
their  own  habitations ;  and  in  retaliation  for  their  losses,  ser- 
vices, and  shames,  to  his  own  immediate  neighbours  and  sub- 
jects, the  people  of  Arvon,  he  gave  certain  privileges,  to  be  seen 
to  this  day  in  our  ancient  MSS.  of  the  law,  called  Breiniau 
Owyr  Arvon.    This  was  about  the  year  570  or  80. 

Ehuochym  (Ynys),  Tanata  Insula  vel  Butupina,  The  castle 
built  by  Gweirydd,  King  of  Britain.  (MS.)  [Bhyothym,  Isle  of 
Thanet— M^.  J).] 

Ehuon  and  Bhufon  (n.  v.). — Dr.  Davies, 

Bhuthun  or  Bhuthyn,  English,  Buthin,  a  town  and  castle  in 
Denbighshire ;  now  called  a  lordship  of  Bhuthun,  which  is  Dy- 
fhiyn  Clwyd,  containing  three  commots.  Maenor  Bhuthun,  a 
commot  of  Cantref  Pennythen,  Morgan wg.  Bhuthun,  a  lordship 
in  Glamorgan.     {Dr.  Powel,  p.  122.) 

Bhutupy  (Tyssilio),thQ  seaport  where Vespacian  first  attempted 
to  land  in  Britain,  which  I  take  to  be  Bye  in  Kent.  But  is 
Bichborow  in  Kent  {Camden)  ?  where  there  was  a  common 
passage  over  to  Forth  y  Morinwyr  in  Gaul  (Portum  Morinoro- 


380  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

rum — Pliny),  called  also  Gessorise.     Camden  thinks  this  to  be 
Bolougne. 

Ehwth.    Llewelyn  ap  Cynfrig  Rwth. 

Ehwydrys  Sant,  said  to  be  an  Irish  saint,  built  a  church  in 
Anglesey,  Ilanrhwydrys. 

Rhybrawst,  un  o'r  tair  gwraig  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 

Rhychwyn  Sant.    Uanrhychwyn,  Caernarvonshire. 

Rhychwyn  Farfog,  0  Fodolwyn  yn  Rh&s.  Rhychwin,  ait 
Dr.  Da  vies. 

Rhychwain,  0  Fodrychwain :  qu.  an  id.  ? 

Rhyd^  used  in  names  of  places,  and  signifies  a  ford.  Rhyd 
Nug  (n.  1.) ;  Rhyd  Gariadog  in  Mon ;  Rhydcors,  a  castle  in  South 
Wales  ;  Rhyd  yr  Efail ;  Rhyd  Fadog  ;  Y  Forryd ;  Uechryd ; 
Rhyd  y  Cerrig  Gwynion ;  Rhyd  Foyr,  Carmarthenshire ;  Rhyd- 
wygyr ;  Rhyd  y  Gyfartha,  Anglesey ;  Rhyd  y  Carw,  a  gentle- 
man's seat.     («/".  D.) 

Rhyd  Forlas.    (Llywarch  Hen.) 

Ar  Rhyd  Forlas  y  lias  Gw^n.— LZ.  Hen. 
See  Morlds. 

Rhyd  Goch  (Y),  a  place  frequented  by  wood-rovers  in  the 
time  of  leuan  Sew  [Tew  ?],  who  wrote  in  praise  of  them  for 
their  civility  to  some  telynarion, 

Rhyd  yr  Halek,  in  Ffestiniog  parish.  Qu.  whether  on  the 
river  Halen  or  Elen  ? 

Rhyd  Helyg,  or  Rhyd  Helyg  ar  Wy,  Willowford  upon  Wy. 
(Price,  Descr.) 

Rhyd  Owain,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {leium  Deuhvyn.) 

Rhyd  Pencarn  :  vid.  Peneam. 

Rhyd  Rheon.    Cynadl  Rhyd  Rheon.     {Afalletiau  Myrddin) 

A  g^ead  adar  gar  Caer  Rheon. — Hoi,  Myrddin. 

Rhydion  ap  Eidol,  the  64th  King  of  Britain. 

Rhydodyx,  or  Rhyd  Edwin,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Caermarthen- 
sliire. 

Rhydwygyr,  a  place  in  Anglesey,  on  the  river  Gwygyr. 

Rhydychen,  Oxford;  Calena  or  Caleva;  Lat.  Rhedycina; 
should  be  in  English  called  Oxenford,  and  not  Oxford.  [Owse- 
ford,  from  Isis,  the  river. — W.  D.] 


CKLTIC  REMAINS.  381 

Ehydd,  or  Rhudd,  or  Ruthyn ;  hence  Ilanrhudd  or  lianrliydd 
Church  (St.  Meugan),  Denbighshire.     {B,  Willis,) 

Bhyddebgh  (n.  pr.  v.)^  a  very  ancient  name ;  Latinized  Bode- 
ricns ;  but  I  think  wrong,  for  the  name  is  derived  from  rydd, 
tree,  or  at  liberty,  and  erch,  terrible.    Spe  Nenniiis  in  Hussa. 

Bhtddebch  ap  Bhydion^  the  65th  King  of  Britain. 

Bhyddebgh  Hael,  a  Prince  of  the  North  Britons  about  the 
year  560  (Tr,  46) ;  i.e.,  Bhydderch  the  Generous  or  Free.  He 
is  often  mentioned  in  Myrddin  Wyllt's  works,  and  also  in  the 
2Wades,46,74.  The  civil  war  between  him  and  Aeddan  Vradwg, 
another  northern  Prince,  was  occasioned  by  a  trifle, — such  a 
trifle  as  a  lark's  nest  {Tr.  40) ;  im  o'r  tair  ofergad,  i,e.,  one  of 
the  three  trifling  wars. 

Ih/sgl  a  Qren  Bhydderch  was  one  of  the  thirteen  rarities  of 
Britain.  The  meat  and  drink  that  was  required  in  this  dish 
would  be  there  in  an  instant,  so  he  kept  an  open  house.  I  sup- 
pose this  waa  his  great  common  haU  dish,  which  was  kept  in 
memory  of  his  generosity,  where  there  waa  nothing  refused  that 
was  desired  or  called  for.    Vide  Eluned. 

As  Bhydderch  Hael^s  palace  was  at  Alclud,  a  city  of  the 
Stratclwyd  Britons,  by  5V.  6,  and  Myrddin  in  the  Forest  of 
Celyddon,  it  seems  that  was  in  Bhydderch's  territories.  All  to 
the  Grampus  Mountain  was  called  Gededonia ;  from  hence  Cul- 
16den,  where  the  battle  was  fought. 

Angharad  Ton  Felen,  merch  Bhydderch.     {Tr.  74) 

Bhyddry,  parish^  Glamorganshire.  [Bhyd-tref,  plwyf  y  Bhyt- 
tre,  vulgo. — I.  JIf.] 

Bhyddwtn  or  Bhuddwyn,  a  mountain.  {Arch,  Brit,,  p.  262.) 
Bhyddwyn  a  Myvyr  a  Berwyn. 

Bhyfoniog,  or  Bhyvonioc,  one  of  the  five  cantrefe  of  Berfedd- 
wlad,  containing  the  commots  of  Uwchaled  and  Isaled  in  Den- 
bighshire (Price,  Descr,) ;  so  named  from  Bhufawn  ap  Cunedda 
Wledig.  Bhyvonioc  was  seized  upon  by  Egbert,  King  of  West- 
sex,  A.D.  817,  and  destroyed  the  country  as  far  as  Snowden ;  and 
a  battle  fought  near  Beaumaris,  at  Ilanvaes. 

Bhygenydd  or  Bhigenydd  (n.  pr.  v.).  Dysgl  Bagenydd  Ysgol- 
haig,  one  of  the  thirteen  rarities  of  Britain.  This  is  also  attri- 
buted to  Bhydderch.     See  JEluned  and  Bhydderch  Had. 


382  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Rhygyn.  Coed  y  Rhygyn,  a  house  in  the  parish  of  Traws 
Fjmydd  in  Meirion. 

Rhymni,  river  (Camden,  BrUanma),  and  Rhymny, 

Rhyothym  (Ynys),  the  Isle  of  Thanet  Rhiothim  was  a  Prince 
in  Armorica  on  the  first  coming  of  the  Franks  to  GauL  Vid. 
Vertot. 

Rhys  (n.  pr.  v.) ;  Latin,  BJiesu^  (Dr.  JDavies.)  Noted  poets 
of  this  name  were  Rhys  Goch  o  Eryri ;  Rhys  Meigen ;  Rhys 
Nanmor  o  Faenor  Fynyw,  an.  1460.  Soldiers :  Sir  Rhys  ap 
Tomas,  that  brought  in  Henry  VII ;  Rhys  ap  Tewdwr ;  Miys  ap 
Gruffudd,  Prince  of  Wales.  In  some  MSS.  it  is  wrote  Rhiia. 
Rhys  Gryg,  called  also  Rhys  Vychan  ap  Rhys  ap  Tewdor  Mawr. 
See  Meddygon  Myddfai. 

Rhys,  son  of  Gorboniawn,  the  37th  King  of  Britain.  Camden 
writes  it  Rhese,  and  he  says  they  think  it  derived  from  Rhesus 
in  Homer.     Rhyswr,  in  British,  is  a  hero. 

Rhystoq,  enw  Ue,  Brecknockshire.     (0.  Zl,  Mod.) 

Marohog  yr  Ystog  ar  iau 
Mae  dy  Iwyth  am  daleithiaa. 

0.  cup  LI.  Modf  i  Gad.  ap  Gr.  o  Rystog. 

Rhystyd  (Sant)  ap  HoeL  Llanrhystyd  in  Cardiganshire, 
where  was  a  castle  built  by  Cad.  ap  Gr.  ap  Cynan,  1148. 

Rhywawt  ail  Morgan,  un  o'r  tri  gogyfurdd.  {Tr.  89.)  One  of 
the  three  trifling  poets.  (Tr.  18.)  Probably  the  same  name  with 
Reuchidus  in  Nennius,  c.  65.  A  Bishop  in  Nennius*  time,  but 
not  the  same  person. 

RiCART  ap  Einion  ap  Cynfrig. 

RiGUALLON,  wrote  anciently  for  Rhiwallon  (E.  Llwyd),  to 
retain  the  etymology  from  rhi  and  gwallon.  So  Myngwy  for 
Mjmwy  (^  myn  and  gv>ii). 

RoBYN  ap  Gr.  Goch.  It  is  not  the  same  with  Robert  nor  Rot- 
bert.    Hence  Robinson. 

RoELENT,  in  Doomsday  Book,  corruptly  for  Rhuddlan  in  Flint- 
shire. "  Hugo  Comes  de  Lege  Boelent  ibi  tempore  Regis  Edwardi 
jacebat  Englefield ;  castelli  quod  Boeknt  vocatur  et  caput  est 
hujus  terrae ;  ad  hoc  manerium  Bodent,  jacent  has  Barewichae", 
etc.    This  about  the  year  1083. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  383 

RoGiADE,  a  manor  in  the  county  of  Monmouth. 

Bore  (n.  pr.  f.),  daughter  of  Usher,  un  o*r  tair  gwrforwyn,  i.e., 
hermaphrodite.  (TV.  64.)   [iZAore,  a  virago,  in  Glamorgan. — LM,] 

RoTBEBT,  qu.  ? 

Rowling  ap  Grufiudd  ap  Dafydd. 

Rug,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Meirion. 

Ruthin,  one  of  the  mesne  lordships  of  Moiganwg.    {Powell.) 

Rymny  Bridge,  the  east  end  of  Morgan wg  on  the  river  Rhymni. 
{Br.  Powell) 

\Bhymni  River  divides  Oihvryr  in  Glamorgan  from  Owaunllwg 
in  Monmouthshire.  It  is  otherwise  called  A/on  Eleirch,  and  the 
parish  and  village  oi  Rhymni  called  most  commonly  Treddeirch, 
—L  M,} 

Rympyn  (fl.)  in  South  Wales  {Powell),  where  .Mredydd,  King 
of  South  Wales,  was  slain  hy  Caradog  of  Gwentland  and  the 
Normans,  a.d.  1069.  (Caradoc  in  Bl )  Camden  (in  Glamor- 
gan) says  from  remny,  divide,  meaning  rJiannu. 

[Rhympyn  is  the  same  as  the  Rhymni,  and  still  so  called  in 
the  survey  and  records  of  Rhymni  alias  Romjpney  manor.  There 
are  many  places  of  considerahle  antiquity  on  the  river  Rymney 
or  Rhymni,  viz.,  on  the  east  or  Monmouthshire  side,  in  Rymney 
parish,  an  ancient  British  camp,  very  entire.  Near  it  the  ancient 
Monastery  of  Renesham ;  higher  up,  Llanjihangel  Fedwy ;  above 
that,  Mechain  parish,  village,  and  castle.  On  the  west  or  Glamor- 
gan side  we  have  Rhath,  the  Ratostabius  of  Ptolomy ;  higher  up, 
Zlan  Edeym,  where  Edeym  ab  Gwrtheyrn  Gwrthenau  founded 
a  monastery  for  three  hundred  monks,  or  saints  as  they  were 
called.  Further  up  there  is  Llanfedwy.  The  church,  now  in 
ruins,  was  dedicated  to  St.  Medwy  or  Medwinus.  In  this  parish 
stands  Rhiw-perra  Castle,  rebuilt  by  Inigo  Jones,  a  fine  house. 
Still  further  up  is  Rhydtre,  where  are  still  open  some  old  Roman 
mines,  above  the  OaerffiXi  or  Senghenydd  Castle.  Still  higher 
up,  Oelli  Goer.  Above  this,  Marchnad  y  Waun,  a  market  village, 
Llancaeach  Castle,  Cwpel  Owladiis,  etc.,  etc.  The  river  runs 
through  a  fine  country,  abounds  with  salmon,  etc. — L  if.] 

Rythmarch  (n.  pr.  v.).  (Powel,  Caradoc,  p.  156.)  Qu.  whether 
Rhyddmarch,  Archbishop  of  St.  David's,  son  of  Sulien,  Bishop, 
ie.,  Julian,  an.  1078. 


384  CELTIC  REMAINS. 


Sabel,  pro  Isabel,  qu.  ? 

Sacsonia,  the  country  of  the  Saxons. 

Sadwrn,  Lat.  8atv/mu8,  a  Prince  of  the  CeltaB,  from  sad,  firm 
or  steady,  and  dwm,  a  fist.  But  Sadwrn  or  Satom  doth  not 
signify  strength  in  the  Celtic  (as  some  will  have  it),  except  in 
this  sense.     See  Ainsworth. 

Sadwrn  Sant  Uansadwm,  a  church  in  Anglesey.  See 
Satumin. 

Sadwrn  was  a  famous  hermit  at  Henllan;  to  whom  Deifyr,  a 
hermit  at  Bodffari,  sent  Gwenfrewi  to  be  directed  to  go  to 
Gwytherin.  {Life  of  St  Winifred)  His  name  is  Latinized 
Satumius  (Inscr.)  for  Satumin. 

Saeran  Sant.    Church  at  Uanynys,  Denbighshire. 

Saeran  ap  G^raint  Saer  o  Iwerddon. 

Saerym  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Mjn  Saerym  Sant  a  SeirioeL — €hr.  ah  Meredydd, 

Saeson  or  Saesson,  Saxons.  Saesonach  (letmn  Tew),  Now 
English. 

Saethon,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Caernarvonshire.  Qu.  from  a 
river  of  that  name  ? 

Saethydd,  a  cognomen ;  as,  Cadwgan  Saethydd.    (J,  B) 

Sainclere  Castle,  in  Caermardenshire,  ad.  1189. 

Saint  or  Seint,  a  river  by  Caernarvon  town,  which  some  say 
is  the  Segontium  of  the  ancients.  Nennius,  in  his  Catalogue, 
hath  Caer  Segeint,  as  Usher  hath  also  from  him.  Afon  y  Seint. 
Mr.  E.  Llwyd  says  it  is  Afon  y  Sant,  from  Peris  Sant ;  but  Segon- 
tium was  before  Peris  was  bom. 

Sais,  an  Englishman  or  Saxon.  An  English  wood-rover  or 
thief  is  also  called  by  the  poets  Gwyddel ;  i,e.,  either  wild  man 
or  woodman ;  which  is  the  name  also  given  an  inhabitant  of  Ire- 
land, for  the  same  reason  at  first  probably.  It  was  also  used  as 
an  appellative  to  those,  it  seems,  that  understood  English,  as 
Ehys  Sais  o  Faelor  ap  Ednyfed  ap  Llywarch.  When  a  Saxoa 
had  carried  Elltyd^s  wife  big  with  [child]  into  a  wood,  and  killed 

her, 

Gwedi'r  Sais  a'r  gwaed  a'r  sann,  etc., 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  385 

he  proceeds, 

E  a'i  gwjddai  y  Gwyddel,  etc. 
See  Ysgodog, 

Saisneg,  the  English  tongue. 

Seisnigaidd,  Anglified. 

Salbri,  enw  He.     Sr.  Thomas  o  Salbri,  qu.  ? 

Sallawg.     Caer  Sallawg.     (Myrddin.)     See  Caer  Scdlawg, 

Samson  Sant,  Bishop  of  Dole  in  Gaul.  His  acts  published  by 
Mabillon  and  the  Bollandists.  He  was  bom  in  South  Wales 
about  the  year  490.  His  father  was  Anion  ;  his  mother,  Ann ; 
both  of  noble  extraction.  Brought  up  by  lUdud  in  his  Monas- 
tery of  Llan  Illtud,  in  Glamorganshire,  about  the  year  512,  was 
made  Abbot  of  the  Monastery  of  St.  Pyr  in  Caldey  Island, 
called  Ynys  Byrr ;  about  516  went  to  Ireland ;  about  520  was 
made  Bishop  by  Dubricius  of  Caerlleon,  but  had  no  see.  Thence 
he  went  to  Armorica,  where  he  founded  several  monasteries ;  and 
the  chiefest  was  at  Dole  in  Britanny,  which  became  a  bishop's 
see.  Some  say  he  lived  to  a  hundred  or  hundred  and  twenty  years 
of  age ;  but  Mabillon  thinks  he  died  about  the  year  565.  His 
name  is  subscribed  in  the  Council  of  Paris,  a.d.  557.  Some  say 
he  had  been  Archbishop  of  York,  and  was  succeeded  by  another 
Samson  at  Dole,  which  had  been  Archbishop  of  Menevia.  (Brit. 
Sancty  July  28.)  Leland  says  his  uncle  was  Umbrael,  and  his 
father  Ammonius  Venetus,  i.  e.,  Ammon  of  North  Wales. 

Samuel  Britannus.  {Lelavd)  He  was  a  friend  of  Nennius, 
and  by  whom  Nennius  had  been  instructed  as  well  as  by  Elbo- 
tus.  He  has  made  many  additions  to  Nennius'  History,  which 
explain  it.  Leland  concludes  he  was  a  monk,  for  that  few  others 
had  learning  in  those  days.  (Leland,  Script,  Brit.,  c.  48.)  In. 
some  copies  of  Nennius  he  is  called  Samuel  Beulan,  and  pro- 
bably may  be  that  Peulan  to  whom  a  church  in  Anglesey  is 
dedicated,  Llanlmlan,  The  History  was  probably  published, 
after  Nennius*  death,  by  this  Samuel  Beulan,  and  that  in  England 
or  Scotland ;  for  I  am  certain  the  copies  we  have  of  it  in  the 
Cottonian  Library  and  Oxford  Library  were  not  done  in  Wales, 
as  plainly  appears  from  the  53rd  chapter,  where  Mac  is  put  for 
Mob  to  the  pedigree  of  Gwrtheyrn,  where,  in  our  ancient  British 
MSS.,  the  letter  M  is  only  put  for  mah,  a  son  ]  as  Pascent  m. 

49 


386  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Vortigern  is  made  there  Mac  Pascent  Mac  Vortigern,  etc.  Seve- 
ral of  Beulan's  notes  or  interpolations  are  also  lame  and  useless, 
and  it  is  a  pity  we  have  not  the  author  in  his  native  simplicity. 
This  Beulan  in  some  copies  is  falsely  wrote  Beularius. 

Sandde  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Sandde  Bryd  Angel  escaped  with  .life  from  the  battle  of 
Gamlan.  He  was  so  fair  and  like  an  angel  that  his  enemies 
would  not  hurt  him.     {Tr.  85.) 

Sandde  Hardd,  o  Fortyn,  tad  Moriddig. 

Sandde  ap  Ily  warch  Hen,  killed  in  battle. 

Sanffraid  or  Sanffred,  ferch  Cadwtheg  Wyddel,  q.  d.  Sant 
Ffred,  i.e,,  St.  Brigit,  an  Irish  lady  and  a  nun;  in  English, 
St.  Brides  ;  and  the  Virgin  of  Kildare.  Her  British  legend,  ftx)m 
lorwerth  Fynglwyd,  is  this :  That  she  was  a  nun,  and  daughter 
of  Diptacus,  a  Duke ;  that  on  her  entering  a  nun,  her  step- 
mother's leg  was  cut  off,  but  on  her  request  a  leg  and  foot  grew 
in  its  place.  She  extracted  honey  out  of  the  stone  for  a  poor  man. 
A  ploughman  broke  his  plough,  and  she  gave  her  distaff,  which 
made  him  a  chelydr  [chwdydr]  for  his  plough.  The  butter  turned 
to  ashes;  and  the  ashes  again,  in  her  hand,  turned  into  butter,  and 
ale  enough  in  two  basons.  That  she  gave  to  the  village  all  the 
cheese  of  the  mayor's  house ;  and  though  the  cheese  were  given 
away,  there  was  not  one  wanting.  That  she  understood  the 
fifteen  prayers  ;  and  in  case  of  hard  rain  she  would  throw  her 
white  sheet  on  the  beams  of  the  sun.  That  slie  came  from  Ire- 
land over  sea,  and  swam  to  Dyfi ;  that  she  made  of  rushes,  in 
Gwynedd,  the  fish  called  hrwyniaid  (smelts)  ;  that  she  went  to 
Rome,  from  Patrick's  country,  to  see  Peter ;  that  she  turned  the 
Mayor  of  London  into  a  horse ;  that  she  released  the  baker's 
wife ;  and  between  her  and  God  bound  the  DeviL  It  concludes : 

Da  Ffred  fwyn  dyffryd  fenaid. — lor.  Fynglwyd, 
This  copy  is  short  of  what  I  have  seen  elsewhere,  where  there  is 

Y  dydd  y  ceisiodd  dy  dad,  etc. 
That  when  her  father  proposed  her  in  marriage  to  an  Irish  lord 
of  which  country  she  was,  her  eyes  dropt  out  of  her  head,  and 
then  she  was  sure  no  lord  would  have  her ;  but  she  cunningly 
took  them  up  again,  washed  them,  and  put  them  in  their  places, 
where  they  fitted  as  well  as  ever ;  and  to  prevent  any  further 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  387 

solicitations,,  where  her  virginity  was  concerned,  she  and  her 
maids  went  to  the  sea-side,  and  with  her  knife  she  cut  a  green 
turf  for  each  of  them,  instead  of  ships,  to  carry  them  over  the 
channel  to  Wales,  where  they  landed  at  Forth  y  Cappel,  near 
Holyhead,  where  she  built  a  chapel  on  the  top  of  a  small  bank 
at  her  landing-place,  whose  ruins  are  there  still,  on  the  left  hand 
as  you  go  to  Holyhead  from  the  bridge.  From  thence  she  went 
to  Glan  Conwy,  and  built  a  church  called  still  after  her  name, 
LlansanffrSd.  Here  she  performed  a  miracle  by  taking  a  hand- 
ful of  rushes,  and  throwing  them  into  the  river  of  Conwy.  They 
turned  into  fish,  which  to  this  day  they  call  there  brwyniaid, 
q.  d.,  rush-fish,  because  they  smell  like  rushes,  which  in  Welsh 
is  brwyn.  These  are  called  in  London  smelts ;  in  the  country, 
sparlings ;  and  according  to  this  legend,  this  is  the  original  of 
that  fish  which  is  to  be  found  in  plenty  in  the  river  Conwy. 
So  here  is  a  new  creation.     See  Nennius,  Brigida. 

Cappel  St.  Ffraid,  near  Holyhead  [in  ruins, — W.  B.] ;  Uan- 
sanfired,  in  Mechain  ;  Uansanfifred,  in  Cardiganshire  ;  Uansan- 
ffred,  in  Glyn  Ceiriog ;  LlansanflFred,  in  Glan  Conwy ;  Uansan- 
flred,  in  Glyn  Dyfrdwy. 

Sanna  verch  Dyfnwal.  {Oaradoe,  p.  182.)  Qu.,  a  contraction 
of  Susannah  ? 

Sannan  Sant.  Uansannan,  rectory  and  vicarage,  church  and 
parish,  in  the  deanery  of  Ehos,  Denbighshire.  St.  Senan  was  of 
noble  parents  in  Ireland,  and  Bishop  in  Ynys  Cathaigh,  in  the 
mouth  of  the  river  Shannon ;  a  friend  of  St.  David ;  and  died 
in  the  same  day. 

Sannan  River.  Abersannan  in  Caermarthenshire.  (E.  Llwyd's 
Notes,) 

Sant,  properly  a  saint. 

Sant  (n.  pr.  v.),  Lat.  Xanthus,  was  the  father  of  Dewi  ap 
Sant,  Archbishop  of  Wales.     See  Dem. 

Sarn,  a  causeway,  used  in  the  names  of  places,  as,  Sarn  Wallog, 
Sam  y  Bwch,  Sarn  Badrig,  ridges  of  rocks  or  stones  in  Car- 
diganshire Bay ;  Sarn  Drippiog ;  y  Samau  (n.  1.) ;  Sam,  a  gentle- 
man's seat  in  Whittington  parish ;  Tal  y  Sarn  Grin,  a  village  in 
Cardiganshire;  Bwlcb  Tre  Sarnau,  Anglesey.  [Sarnau,  in 
Deuddwr ;  Tal  y  Sam,  in  Carmarthenshire  and  Carnarvonshire. 
—  JV.D.] 


388  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Sakn  Elen,  a  military  way  of  pitched  stones,  leading  through 
the  mountains  near  Ffestiniog  in  Meirion ;  supposed  by  Mr. 
Camden  to  be  made  by  Helena,  the  mother  of  Constantine  the 
Great.  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd,  in  his  Notes  on  Camden,  says, 
besides  the  place  here  mentioned,  this  way  is  to  be  seen  at  one 
end  of  Craig  Verwyn,  where  it  is  called  Ffordd  Gam  Elen 
Lueddog,  i.e.,  the  crooked  way  of  Helen  the  Great  or  Puissant. 
See  Llueddog  and  Llwyddog.  Another  Ffordd  (or  Sam)  Elen 
at  Llanbadam  Odwyn  in  Cardiganshire.  Also  a  great  part  of 
the  road  from  Brecknock  to  Neath  is  called  Ffordd  Elen.  In 
the  parish  of  Ffestiniog,  from  Rhyd  yr  Halen  to  Castell  Dol- 
wyddelen,  this  road  is  called  Sam  y  Ddual,  which  is  about  three 
miles ;  and  some  think  that  Pont  Aber  Glaslyn  and  Gymwynas, 
in  Caernarvonshire,  is  part  of  the  same  road.  (E.  Llwyd,  Notes 
on  Camden  in  Meirion.)  Another  Sarn  Elen  in  Lleyn.  See 
Dolwyddelen. 

Sarn  y  Ddual,  in  the  parish  of  Ffestiniog ;  part  of  the  mili- 
tary way  of  Sam  Elen,  which  see. 

Sarphle,  a  gentleman's  seat  {J,  D.)  [in  Uanarmon  Dyflfiryn 
Ceiriog.— PT.  jD.] 

Sarsiniaid,  the  Saracens,  descendants  of  Abraham,  perhaps 
from  Sarah,  They  were  hired  soldiers  to  the  Romans  in  the 
time  of  Aurelian  and  Probus,  i.e.,  an.  270.  {Ainswortk)  Tliey 
afterwards,  under  Mahomet,  overran  Syria,  Egypt,  Persia,  Spain, 
Sicily.  Their  name  is  still  retained  in  Barbary ;  but  the  Turks, 
their  comrades,  revolting,  they  were  driven  to  the  East.  {Ains- 
worth.) 

Saturnin  (n.  pr.  v.).  In  an  ancient  MS.  of  Dr.  Thos.  Williams 
I  find  that  Morgan  ap  Saturnin  reigned  over  the  Britons,  and 
succeeded  Urien  ap  Cynfarch,  who,  he  says,  succeeded  Maelgwn. 
In  the  churchyard  of  Uansadwm,  in  Anglesey,  there  was  dug  up 
a  gravestone,  in  my  time,  with  an  inscription  which  I  copied,  but 
have  it  not  now  by  me.  It  was  in  Roman  characters,  and  begun 
thus:  "Hie  jacit  Sanctus  Satuminus  et  uxor  ejua"  .But  the 
name  Saturnin  is  not  used  in  Wales,  and  I  suppose  was  a  Loe- 
grian  or  Roman  name.     Cynfarch  also  was  a  Pictish  pame. 

Morgan  Fawr  mab  Sadymin. — Cyfoe^i  Myrddin. 

Uansadurnin,  in  Deheubarth.     See  Sadicm, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  389 

Savathan  (n.  1.),  Saveddan,  Savaddan,  and  Saveddam,  in 
Camden. 

Savathan  (Llyn),  in  South  Wales,  two  miles  east  of  Breck- 
nock.    (J.  D.  Rhys,  Gram.) 

Sawddwy  or  Sawdde  or  Sawddfai,  a  river  which  falls  into 
Myddfai,  and  both  into  Towi,  near  Llangadog,  Caermarthenshire. 
Llanvihangel  MyddfaL     Pont  ar  Sawdde.     See  Myddfai, 

Sawell,  fl.  {Llywarch  Hen,)  Dr.  Davies  mistakes  this  passage 
of  Lly  warch  Hen,  and  makes  Sawell  to  be  a  chimney : 

o  wng  ag  0  bell 

Pyll  pwyll  tan  trwy  Sawell. 

But  the  preceding  stanza, 

Pyll  pwyll  tan  trwy  Lifon, 

shews  the  mistake. 

Sawyl  (St.)  or  Sawel.    Llansawyl  in  Caermarthenshire. 

Sawyl  (aL  Sawl)  Benisel,  a  King  of  Britain,  the  66th,  q,bout 
100  years  before  Christ. 

Sawtl  or  Sawl  Benuchel  ap  Pabo  Post  Prydain,  un  o'r  tri 
thrahawc  Ynys  Prydain.     {Tr.  28.) 

Sawyl  ap  Lly  warch  Hen,  buried  at  Llangollen.  {LlywarchHen) 

ScHiuiAU,  in  Doomsday  Booh,  corruptly  for  'Sgeifiog.  See  Ys- 
geifiog. 

ScHLYDACH,  in  Llywel,  Brecknockshire. 

Sedd  Gyfedd  ap  Gwyngad  ap  N8s. 

Sefnyn  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  poet,  an.  1260. 

Segeint  :  see  Saint. 

Segontium  :  see  SairU, 

Seinlyn  Sant. 

Mair,  Seinlyn,  Marthyn,  Mathea. 

Seint  :  see  SaiTU. 

Seikioel  Sant  ap  Owain  Danwyn.  See  an  account  of  him  in 
Penmon. 

Seikioel  (Ynys),  Priestholm  Island  near  Beaumaris.  See  Pen- 
mow.     [Llys  Elis  ap  Clynnog. —  W,  D.^ 

Seisill  ap  Grwst,  the  15th  King  of  Britain. 

Seisill  ap  Cyhelyn,  the  26th  King  of  Britain. 

Seisyll  ap  Owain,  the  60th  King  of  Britain. 


390  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Seisyllt. 

Seithenin  Frenin,  o  Faes  Gwyddno,  a  oresgynnodd  mor  ei  dir. 
{Ach,  Saint,)  He  was  father  of  Tudno,  the  founder  of  Llan- 
dudno in  Oreuthyn.  In  Englynion  Beddau  Milwyr  he  is  men- 
tioned : 

Bedd  Seithenin  synwjr  wan 

Rhwng  Maes  Kenedir  a  glan. 

Seithwedd  (n.  pr.  v.).     (Tr.  64.) 

Selattyn,  parish  and  church  in  the  county  of  Salop. 

Sele,  Selau.    Mallt  verch  Howel  Sele  ap  M. 

Seledd  (n.  1.).  Bryn  Seledd  and  Cwm  Seledd ;  perhaps  from 
Selyf. 

Selef.  Cantref  Selef,  one  of  the  three  cantrefs  of  Brecheiniog. 
(Price,  Descr)  Also  one  of  the  commots  of  said  cantref.  Bryn 
Selef,  in  Llansanflfraid,  Denbighshire. 

Selemion.  Caer  Selemion  in  the  Triades  (Catalogue  of  Cities) 
is  Caer  Selemon  (alias  Elemon)  in  Nennius ;  but  where  it  lies  I 
cannot  tell,  unless  it  is  Chelmsford  in  Essex,  the  Csesaromagus 
and  Conovium  of  the  Romans.  {Ainsworth.)  A  river  Chelmers 
there.   Caer  Selemion  is  the  city  of  the  people  of  Selem  or  Selyf. 

Selyf  (n.  pr.  v.).  This  name  is  translated  Solomon ;  but  I 
think  it  should  be  Selimus.  Selyf  Seirff  Cadeu.  (BreiniauPowys,) 

Selyf  ap  Cynan  Garwyn,  un  o'r  tri  aerfeddog.     {Tr,  65.) 

Selyf  ap  Uywarch  Hen.     {LL  E'en.) 

Selyf  Ben  Sywedyddion,  un  o'r  tair  colofn  celfyddydion 
{Prydydd  y  Moch,  to  Eodri  ap  0.  Gwynedd),  t.e.,  Selimus,  chief  of 
astronomers. 

Senny,  river.     See  Dysynni. 

Sennyllt  (n.  pr.  v.),  the  father  of  Nudd  Hael. 

Senghenyth  [now  Caer  Phili —  W.  B.\  a  lordship  in  Mor- 
gannwg, one  of  the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Brenhinol,  Mor- 
ganwg. 

Senghenydd  Castle,  given  by  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth  to  John 
le  Bruse. 

Septon,  Septwn.  Caer  Septon,  Shaftsbury.  {E.  Llvoyd,  Th. 
WUliams,  and  Oalfrid,) 

Sekvan  (n.  pr.  v.),  the  father  of  Mordaf  Hael.     {Tr,  8.) 

Sebi.  Caer  Seri  [Triad,  Catalogue  of  Cities);  in  another  copy, 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  391 

Caer  Siri ;  the  same  with  what  is  called  in  Nennius  Caer  Ceirit, 
QvL  whether  Cirencester  in  Gloucestershire  ? 

Serigi  Wyddel,  a  General  or  Prince  of  a  body  of  Irish  that 
made  a  descent  on  Anglesey  in  the  time  of  Caswallon  Law  Hir, 
father  of  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  about  an.  514.  Caswallon  fought 
them  at  Cerrig  y  Gwyddyl,  near  Malltraeth  (see  Tr.  49),  and 
killed  Serigi  with  his  own  hand  at  Llan  y  Gwyddyl,  which  is 
the  Irish  church  at  Holyhead.  (Price,  Descr.)  The  natives  of 
Holyhead  shew  the  grave  of  Serigin  Wyddel,  as  they  call  him. 
Camden  says  the  Britons  were  beat ;  but  he  is  always  kind  to 
the  Britons.  This  battle  was  so  obstinate  that  Cadwallon's  men 
tied  their  legs  by  pairs  with  their  horses'  hiuilau  (I  suppose 
bridles),  with  a  resolution  to  stand  the  field  to  the  last  man. 
{Tr.  49.) 

Severus,  the  80th  King  of  Britain.  This  is  the  Emperor  of 
Eome  died  and  buried  at  York. 

Sgottiaid,  falsely  wrote  and  pronounced  for  Ysgwydiaid, 
which  see. 

Sgotland,  and  Scotland :  see  Ysgotlond  and  Esgottland. 

SiAMAS  (n.  pr.  v.),  James. 

SiARLES  (n.  pr.  v.),  Charles. 

SiATT  Eedynvue  ap  Cadvan  Llwy  Coed. 

Sibyl  (n.  f.),  a  common  and  proper  name.  It  is  also  pro- 
nounced sometimes  Sibli,  as  Sibli  Ddoeth,  or  the  wise,  meaning 
the  Prophetess.  It  seems  most  nations  had  the  Sibyl,  a  pro- 
phetess of  that  name  or  appellation.  Myrddin  Wyllt,  the  Pictish 
poet,  quotes  the  British  Sibyl  by  the  title  of  Chwibleian  and 
Chwimbleian,  as  if  the  word  was  formed  from  lUian,  a  nun, 
vestal  virgin,  or  priestess. 

Ef  a  ddywaid  chwibleian  cbwedl  anrbyfedd. 

Hoianau  Myrddin. 

SifiB,  Cheapside.  Sioppau  Sieb.  By  this  it  seems  this  name 
is  British. 

Sieffraj  0  Fynwy,  Galfridus  Arthurius,  otherwise  called  Mon- 
emuthensis ;  first  a  Benedictine  monk,  afterwards  Archdeacon  of 
Monmouth,  afterwards  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  about  an.  1150.  He 
translated  the  History  of  the  Britons  out  of  British  into  Latin, 
from  a  copy  given  him  by  Walter  Archdeacon  of  Oxford,  which 


392  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

he  brought  from  the  Britons  of  Armorica.  But  as  he  was  not  a 
perfect  master  of  his  subject,  nor  was  acquainted  with  the  British 
historians  and  poets,  he  hath  not  done  it  justice ;  besides  a  very 
great  fault  in  making  some  additions  of  his  own,  which  he  mixt 
with  the  original ;  so  the  Latin  book  is  not  to  be  depended  on. 
The  Brut  copy  is  common  in  Wales ;  but  the  name  of  Galfrid, 
the  translator,  entirely  unknown,  except  among  antiquaries.  See 
Brut  y  Brenhinoedd, 

SlERLWY. 

A  gwyr  a  meirch  ag  aur  mwy 

Gida  Siarlys  goed  Sierlwy. 

Hytrel  Gilan,  i  Gr.  Penrhyn. 

SiERON,  St.  Jerome,  Hieronymus. 

Gwr  siriol  geiriau  Sieron 

Gorhoffaidd  Syr  Gruffadd  Sion. — leuan  Tew. 

SiGGAl,  in  Llantwyt,  Glamorgan. 

SiGLVAEN,  a  rocking  stone.  These  are  remains  of  Druidism 
found  in  Cornwall  and  Wales  ;  one  of  them  near  St.  David's ; 
another  at  Pen  y  Gogarth,  near  Conwy.  I  suppose  there  was 
one  also  at  Maen  y  Chwyfan  by  its  name,  which  see.  One 
between  Penmachno  and  Bettws,  and  between  the  rivers  Lledr 
and  Machno.     See  Lledr. 

SiLiAN.  Tresilian  in  Cornwall.  Mr.  Stukely  calls  it  the 
Castle  of  Silvanus,  and  thinks  that  Silvanus  was  father  of  Carau- 
sius,  and  that  Carausius  had  a  son  called  Silvius  or  Silvanus. 
{Palccographia,) 

SiLiN  Sant     Some  say  it  is  St.  Giles. 

Silin  gwyr  Cantre  Selyf. — Hywel  Dafydd, 

Llansilin,  a  church  and  parish  (vicarage)  in  Denbighshire.  Here 
the  famous  song  writer,  Hugh  Morus,  lived.  Nature  never 
shewed  herself  stronger  where  there  was  little  or  no  learning  or 
other  advantages  than  in  him.  His  attempts  in  heroic  poetry  did 
not  aoswer. 

SiLOD  verch  lankyn,  arglwydd  Ffrangton. 

SiLURiA :  see  Iselwyr,  [See  Sylhoyr  below.  Essyllwyr ;  their 
country,  Essyllwg,  Bro  Essyllt,  and  Tir  Essyllt. — /.  M] 

SiLUKES  {Camden)  y  Iselwyr  or  Low  Men,  one  of  the  three  dif- 
ferent nations  of  Wales, — the  Silures,  Dimetse,  and  Ordovices. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  393 

The  Silures,  as  we  gather  from  Ptolomy's  description  of  them, 
inhabited  Deheubarth,  i.e.,  Herefordshire,  Radnorshire,  Breck- 
nockshire, Monmouthshire,  and  Glamorganshire. 

SiLUS  or  SiLius,  Lat.  Julius,  the  father  of  Brutus,  the  first 
founder  of  the  British  empire.  His  name  was  not  Sylvius,  as 
some  would  have  it.     Vid.  British  copy  of  Tyssilio. 

Silvester  Giraldus  Cambrexsis  was  of  a  noble  family  in 
Penbrokeshire,  not  far  from  Tenby,  and  bom  there.  He  was 
secretary  to  King  Henry,  and  tutor  to  King  John  his  son,  and 
sent  to  Ireland,  where  he  wrote  the  History  of  Ireland,  much 
involved  in  darkness  (says  Leland).  He  was  Archdeacon  of 
Brecknock,  afterwards  Archdeacon  of  St.  David's,  and  elected 
Bishop  there.  He  attended  Baldwin,  the  Archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury, the  Pope's  legate,  through  Wales,  to  raise  contributions 
for  the  war  in  the  Holy  Land,  and  wrote  his  Journey  through 
Wales  {Itineraria  Camirlce),  and  also  a  topography  of  Wales, 
with  a  map,  with  several  othef  learned  works.  He  lived  above 
seventy  years,  and  died  at  St.  David's,  and  was  buried  there. 
See  Leland's  Script.  BriL,  c.  196. 

He  was  no  friend  of  Galfridus  Monemuthensis,  his  contempo- 
rary, the  translator  of  the  British  History,  having  some  personal 
pique  to  him,  which  he  vents  with  some  passion  against  the 
history  published  by  him.  In  one  place  (Top.  Gainbr.,  c.  8)  he 
calls  it  the  fabulous  history  of  Galfrid,  upon  a  very  slight  oc- 
casion, having  himself  followed  the  chief  things  which  are 
esteemed  fabulous  by  the  enemies  of  that  history.  But  nothing 
shows  the  personal  pique  more  than  the  trial  he  says  was  made 
of  the  Briton  history  of  Galfrid,  by  a  spirit  which  was  at  St. 
David's,  who  judged  him  fabulous.  {HisL  Cambr.,  1.  i,  c.  5.)  It 
should  have  been  proved  that  this  judge  was  not  one  of  the 
imps  of  the  father  of  lies. 

Si6n,  or  Siion,  an  ancient  British  fort  on  the  top  of  a  mountain 
north  of  Conwy  town,  called  Caer  Siion,  or,  in  the  English 
orthography,   Seeon,    This   was  the  seat  of  Ghvalch   Gorsedd, 

m 

where  Maelgwn  (or,  as  others  say,  his  father  Caswallon)  went 
to  judge  between  the  poets  and  musicians.  He  lived  at  Diganwy 
in  Creuthyn ;  caused  the  poets  and  harpers  to  swim  the  river 
Conwy.     The  harpers'  instruments  were  spoiled  ;  therefore  the 

50 


394  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

poets,  whose  tools  could  not  be  damaged,  carried  the  day.  {lor- 
werth  ap  Bdi  to  the  Bishop  of  Baogor,  an.  1240.) 

SioR,  George.  This  word  is  pronounced  as  the  English  Shore, 
The  British  tongue  hath  not  the  sound  of  the  soft  G.  Han  Sant 
Sior,  St.  George's  in  Denbighshire. 

SiRl :  see  Seri, 

SiRWERN  or  SuRWERN,  a  place  in  Cardiganshire.  (J),  ap  leidan 
Du.)     See  Syrwem. 

SiSiL  verch  Arglwydd  Herbert. 

SiSLi  (nom.  foem,),  Cecilia. 

SiTSYLLT  (n.  pr.  v.).     Llewelyn  ap  Sitsyllt,  Prince  of  Wales. 

SiWAN  or  SiWEN,  dim.  of  Susan  (n.  f.,  Ceretica).  Si  wan  verch 
Arglwydd  Herbert.    [Joanna  or  Joan,  in  Glamorgan. — /.  Jf.] 

SiWDA  (n.  pr.),  qu.  Judah  or  Judas  ? 

A  Duw  o  Iwyth  Siwda  Ian. — Hywel  Swrdwal, 

Skeweth  :  see  Porih  Skeweth.  • 

Snowden  (n.  pr.) :  vid.  Wyddfa  and  Eiryri. 

SoLVACH,  a  harbour  and  village  in  Penbrokeshire. 

SoNLLi.  Llewelyn  Sonlli.  Llwyth  Sonlli.  Qa.  whether  a 
river  ? 

Spey,  a  river  in  Scotland.     {Major) 

Stil.  Dwyn  Stll  Yngharad  verch  Mredydd ;  i.e.,  to  draw  the 
stile  or  pedigree. 

Stinan  Sant,  ie.,  Justinian.  Cappel  Stinan  is  on  the  sea- 
coast  in  Ramsey  Sound,  and  Cappel  Devanog  on  the  island  oppo- 
site to  it.  See  Devanog.  This  Justinian  was  hermit  and  martyr ; 
and  his  acts  are  in  Capgrave,  Aug.  13 ;  and  born  in  Armorica. 
Being  a  priest,  he  came  to  Great  Britain,  and  went  into  a  boat ; 
committing  himself  to  the  waves,  he  landed  at  Limenus,  an 
island  (now  Eamsey),  where  he  found  a  holy  solitary,  Honoriua 
(Ynyr),  son  of  Tefrawc,  a  British  Prince,  who  invited  him  to 
stay  there,  which  he  did,  on  condition  he  would  send  on  shore  his 
sister  and  maid,  who  had  a  cell  just  by  there ;  and  this  was  done 
to  avoid  scandal.  St.  David,  who  was  then  at  Menevia,  desired 
his  friendship ;  he  lived  there  many  years,  but  at  last  was 
murdered  either  by  his  servants  or  pirates.  Leland  says  he  was 
slain  by  pirates.  A  church  was  built  to  his  honour  on  the  oppo- 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  395 

site  shore.  {Brit.  Sanct,  Aug.  13.)  There  is  the  ruins  of  a 
chapel  on  Eamsey  Island,  called  Cappel  Devanog ;  and  another 
opposite  to  it,  on  the  mainland,  called  Cappel  Stinan. 

Strat  and  Strath  are  found  in  the  composition  of  names  of 
places  in  Wales  and  Scotland,  in  Latin  and  English  writers, 
which  are  the  same  with  the  British  Ystrad  ;  but  not  the  same 
meaning  with  the  Latin  Strata,  a  paved  way,  as  some  will  have 
it.  It  signifies  a  vale  or  bottom  through  which  a  river  runs ; 
and  perhaps  was  formed  from  ys  and  traed,  a  frequented  place 
or  place  of  feet,  in  the  same  sense  as  we  say  in  English  a  foot- 
way or  footpath,  or  to  get  footing  in  a  place. 

In  Wales  there  are  :  Ystrad  Peithyll ;  Ystrad  Meurig ;  Ystrad 
Cyngan ;  Ystrad  Marchell ;  Ystrad  Alun ;  Ystrad  Ty  wy ;  Ystrad 
Clwyd ;  Ystrad  Enni ;  Ystrad  Fflur.  In  Scotland  :  Strathem  ; 
Strathbogie ;  Strath  Dovern  or  Dovran ;  Strathy ;  Strathawin ; 
Strathnavem. 

Strad  Clwyd  :  see  Ystrad  Clwyd, 

Strad  Marchell  :  see  Ystrad  MarchelL 

Strad  Pythyll  :  see  Ystrad  Peithyll 

Stradwen  verch  Cadfan  ap  Cynan  ap  Eudaf,  wife  to  Coel 
Godebog,  mother  of  Cenau,  Dyfyr,  and  GwawL     (Price,  Descr.) 

Stradwer  ap  Pandwlph. 

Stradweul  (n.  f.),  qu.  whether  Stradwen  ?  Stradweul  verch 
Cadvan  ap  Cynan  ap  Eudaf.     (R.  V.,  Notes) 

Stratth,  vallis  {Uamden) ;  but  Straith  and  Strath  and  Strat, 
as  Strad  Clwyd,  etc.,  cornipted  from  Ystrad. 

Stratalyn  :  see  Ystrad  Alun, 

Strat  Congen  :  see  Ystrad  Cyngan, 

Stratfleur  :  see  Ystrad  Fflur, 

Strat  Meyric  :  see  Ystrad  Meurig  or  Metcryg. 

Strigul  or  YsTRiGUL  river  in  Gwent.  Glyn  Strigul  Castle. 
(Price,  Descr,)  This  Castle  is  near  a  river  which  falls  into  the 
Wysg,  between  Bryu  Buga  and  Caerllion. 

Suddas,  Judas  Iscariot. 

SULHAERN  (n.  pr.  v.).  Gruffudd  ap  Sulhaern.  (Caradoc,  p.  186.) 

SuLiEN  ap  Ceryn,  the  48th  King  of  Britain.  Sulien  Arch- 
bishop of  St.  David's,.  a.d.  1087  ;  probably  Julianus. 

SULIEN  Saut  o  Lydaw. 


396  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

SuLUS  (n.  pr.  v.),  Julius. 

Bratus  ap  Sulus  syth.— 7.  K, 

SuLWYCH  ap  Pebid  Penllyn. 

[Swale  flu...  in  ...  in  which  Pauliniis  baptized.  **In  provin- 
cia  Deirorum,  ubi  saepius  manere  cum  rege  solebat,  Paulinus 
baptizabat  in  fluvio  Sualva,  qui  vicam  Cataractam  praeterfluit.** 
{Bede.)—W.I).] 

Sws,  SwYS,  and  Swswen,  Caer  Sws,  the  ruins  of  an  ancient 
city  of  the  Britons  in  Montgomery,  on  the  banks  of  the  Severn, 
now  a  small  village.  Mr.  Camden  says  it  is  reported  to  be  both 
ancient  and  to  enjoy  ancient  privileges.  A  lame  account, 
indeed  !  Mr.  Ilwyd,  in  Notes  on  Camden,  says  it  is  said  to  have 
been  the  seat  of  the  lords  of  Arwystli,  and  supposes  it  to  have 
been  of  Eoman  foundation,  without  giving  any  reasons  for  it. 
Encampments  about  it  at  three  several  places,  Gwynfynydd, 
Ehos  Ddiarbed,  and  Cefn  Carnedd ;  and  also  on  the  hill  above 
Llanddinam,  y  Gaer  Fechan,  an  entrenchment. 

Powys  a  Chaerswys  wen. — L,  G,  Cothi, 

Cawr  o  Seysyll  Caer  Sws  wen 

Caem  roi  i'n  byw  Cymro  'n  ben. — D.  I.  LL 

It  is  called  also  Cadr  Swysson.  Cadw  o  Gadr  Swyssons  was 
one  of  the  pillars  or  supporters  of  arts  and  sciences.    See  Oadw. 

SwYDD  Y  Gre,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Melienydd 
See  Maelienydd, 

SWYDD  Y  Fam,  one  of  the  commots  of  the  Cantref  of  Buellt. 

SwYDD  Wynogiox,  or,  in  Price's  Description^  Swydd  Ynogen, 
one  of  the  commots  of  Cantre'r  Clawdd,  between  Wy  and  Severn. 

Amgylch  cyminawc  cymynai  Saesson 

Ar  Swydd  Wynogion  yd  wynnygai. — Cyndddw. 

Sybylltir,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Anglesey ;  q.  d.  Tir  SybwU,  wet 
ground. 

Sycharth,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Powys,  qu.  ? 

Sychnant,  the  name  of  the  valley  near  Holywell  in  Flint- 
shire ;  i,e,,  dry  brook  or  dry  valley.  Nant  is  properly  a  brook. 
Several  brooks  of  this  name  in  Wales.  Sychnant  in  Melynddwr, 
etc. 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  397 

Sykker  Sand,  a  port  in  Scotland,  in  Lat.  Tuta  Arena,  (Jo. 
Major,  Hist.  Scot.,  1.  i,  fo.  9.)     From  the  British  siccr,  i.e.,  safe. 

Sylfaen,  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J.  D.)  [Castle  Caereinion 
parish. — W.  D.] 

Syluaiu,  a  river  in  Scotland.     (Major,  Hist,  Scot) 

Syllwyr,  the  people  of  Esyllwg  (H.  Llmyd) ;  hence  Silures 
{H.  Llwyd),  GwentUwg,  he  says,  is  Gwentsillwg  in  Monmouth- 
shire; Leland's  Ventoluga, 

Syrwen,  one  of  the  four  cantrefs  of  Cardiganshire,  containing 
the  commots  [of]  Gwinionydd  and  Iscoed.  (Price,  Descr.)  Wrote 
by  Deio  ap  leuan  Du  Surwern,  q.  d.  Gwem  Sur. 

Dechran  o  ddeau  ydd  wyf 
Y  Suncem  gwlad  ni  sorrwyf. 

Sythia  (Scythia),  a  country  on  the  continent,  so  called  from 
the  people  being  expert  at  shooting,  which  in  the  Celtic  is  saethu, 
from  saeth,  an  arrow?  The  Irish  antiquaries  derive  the  ancient 
Scots  of  Ireland  from  the  Scythians,  and  so  Ead.  de  Diceto. 
Scythia,  Scita,  Sciticus,  Scoticus,  Scotus,  Scotia.  But  I  think 
the  name  of  Scot  comes  more  naturally  from  their  name  in  the 
British  Ysgwydiad,  from  the  Celtic  ysgwyd  or  ysgod,  a  shield ; 
and  Meilir  Brydydd,  in  the  year  1079,  calls  them  Ysgodog^ion 
dynion  lledffer. 

T. 

•    Taerus.    Dafydd  Ddu  Taerus. 

Taf,  a  river  which  rises  near  Vrenni  Fawr,  and,  taking  in 
several  rivers,  falls  into  the  sea  near  the  Towi  in  Caermarthen- 
shire.  Upon  this  river  the  Abbey  of  Whitland,  called  Ty  Gwyn 
ar  Daf,  was,  which  was  built  of  white  rods  of  hazle  for  a  sum- 
mer house.  {Camden.)  See  also  other  T&fs  in  Glamorganshire 
and  Brecknockshire  that  go  "by  Llandaf  to  Caerdyf.  Mr.  Ed. 
Ilwyd  says  he  cannot  conjecture  what  might  be  the  original 
signification  of  the  word  Taf,  but  thinks  the  Thames  to  be  of  the 
same  origin.     {Notes  on  Camden.) 

Taf  Fawr  and  Taf  Fechan,  rivers  that  rise  in  Brecknock- 
shire and  run  by  Lland&f  and  Caerdyf  to  the  Severn  Sea.  Cam- 
den says  this  is  the  Ehatostabius  or  Rhatostibius  of  Ptolemy, — 


398  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

a  maimed  word  for  the  British  Traeth  Tav ;  but  more  likely  a 
corruption  of  Ystrad  Taf  and  Ystrad  Tyf.  (Qu.  whether  there 
be  not  a  small  river  that  runs  into  the  Tllf  or  Caerdyf,  whence 
it  might  be  called  Caer  Aberdyf.)  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  thinks 
that  the  first  syllables  of  Tawy,  Towy,  Teifi,  and  Dyfi,  are  but 
so  many  various  pronunciations  of  Tav  or  Taf;  but  it  surprises 
me  that  Mr.  Llwyd  should  fall  into  such  a  blunder  as  to  think 
that  all  these  rivers  should  have  the  same  rtame.  Were  words  so 
scarce  among  the  Britons  that  they  could  not  afford  different 
names  for  their  rivers  ? 

Tafwys  (fl.). 

Tafarn,  a  surname. 

Dafydd  Tafam  a  famwjd 
Yn  hael  iawn,  un  o'i  hil  wyd. 

O.  ap  I.  Heiiy  i  Gr.  ap  Daf.  Tafam. 

Tafod  Aur,  i,e.,  Chrysostomus.     Edeyrn  Dafod  Aur. 

Taguy,  wrote  anciently  for  Tawy.     {E.  Lhoyd) 

Taix,  river.     Abertain. 

Tal,  in  the  composition  of  names  of  places,  signifying  a  fore- 
head, as,  Tal  y  Lan ;  Tal  y  Bont ;  Tal  y  Sarn,  etc.  Hence  Eith- 
dal,  Italy,  now  yr  Eidal.  Hence  Ardaloedd,  borders  of  a  country ; 
talaith,  a  head-band  or  diadem ;  Talaith  Aberffraw.  Also  talar, 
a  headland  in  ploughing. 

Tal  y  Bont,  t)ne  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Meirion. 

[Tal  y  Forwyn  Castle,  near  Aberbechan,  hanging  over  the 
Severn,  now  in  ruins.  Several  things  were  dug  up  there  by  astro- 
logers in  search  of  treasure. —  W.  !>.] 

Tal  y  Tredddyn,  a  gentleman's  seat 

Tal  y  Voel,  a  place  in  Anglesey  where  there  is  now  a  ferry 
from  the  town  of  Caernarvon.  This  is  Tal  Moelvre  mentioned 
in  Gwalchmai  ap  MeUir's  Arwyrein  0.  G-wynedd,  where  he  says 
0.  Gwynedd  had  a  sea-fight  against  three  powerful  fleets,  and 
defeated  them.  He  says  the  river  Menai  (that  arm  of  the  sea) 
did  not  ebb  that  tide  because  kept  full  by  the  blood  of  the  slain. 

A  Menei  heb  drai  o  drallanw  gwaedryar 
A  lliw  gwyar  gwyr  yn  heli. 

The  three  fleets  were  from  Ireland,  the  Baltic,  and  Normandy. 
These  are  his  words  : 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  399 

Tair  lleng  a  ddaethant  liant  lestri 
Tair  praff  prif  lynges  iw  bres  brofi 
Un  o  IwerddoD,  arall  arvogion 
Or  Lljchljnigion,  llwrw  hirion  Hi 
Ar  drjdedd  dros  for  o  Nortmandi,  etc. 

Mr.  Moses  Williams,  in  his  Notes  on  the  Oeslyfr,  published 
with  H.  Llwyd's  Descr.  Brit,  supposes  the  battle  of  Tal  Moelvre 
to  be  that  descent  made  by  Mad.  ap  Mredydd  of  Powys  with 
Henry  II's  ships  in  the  Isle  of  Anglesey,  a.d.  1157,  where  they 
robbed  the  churches  of  Llanvair  and  Llanbedr ;  and  those  that 
landed  were  all  killed  by  the  islanders,  which  caused  the  ships 
to  make  the  best  of  their  way,  and  weigh  anchor  ;  and  he  says 
there  is  a  place  called  Moelvre  near  those  churches  of  St.  Peter 
and  St.  Mary ;  but  it  is  plain  this  was  a  difTerent  action,  and  is 
fully  and  beautifully  described  by  Gwalchmai,  and  was  a  sea- 
fight. 

Tal  Prydain,  a  battle  fought  by  Gr.  ap  Cynan.  (Meilir 
Brydydd,) 

Tal  y  Llychau,  Caennarthenshire. 

Tal  Llwyn  Elgain,  near  Brecknock,  in  Caradoc.  Qu.  whether 
Trallwng  Elgain  ?     See  Tralbang, 

Tal  y  Rhedynog  Ddu,  in  Scotland.     {E.  Llwyd) 

Tal  y  Bolion,  or  Talebolion,  or  Tal  Bolion,  one  of  the  six 
commots  of  Anglesey.  Some  derive  it  from  Polion  or  Bulinus. 
Cors  y  Bol,  a  bog,  lies  in  this  commot,  which  has  its  name  from 
the  same  origin ;  perhaps  from  Bolg,  and  a  place  called  PenboL 
See  Bolg, 

Talacharn,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Arberth  in  Dyfed. 
(Price,  Deser.) 

Talacharn,  in  Caennarthenshire,  where  Lord  Rees  did  homage 
to  Henry  II,  a.d.  1172.    Syr  Gei  de  Brean,  Arglwydd  Talacharn. 

Talavan.  Maenor  Talavan,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Can- 
tref  Pennythen,  Morganwg.     (Price,  Descr,) 

Talacrau  orTALACRE,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Flintshire.  (J.  Z>.) 
Mostyn's. 

Talgarth,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Canol  in 
Brecknockshire.  (Price,  Descr.)  The  mountains  of  Talgarth 
mentioned  by  Giraldus  Cambrensis  in  Itin, 


400  CELTIC  RRMAINS. 

Talhayarn.  Llanvair  Talhayarn,  a  church  and  parish  in  the 
deanery  of  Ehos,  Denbighshire. 

Taliaris,  rectfe  Taliarus,  a  place  in  Caermarthenshire. 

Taliessin,  a  Cambrian  poet  or  bard,  commonly  called  Taliessin 
Ben  Beirdd,  the  chief  of  bards,  flourished  in  North  Wales  in  the 
reign  of  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  who  is  called  by  Gildas  the  Island 
Dragon.  Sir  John  Price,  in  his  Description  of  Wales,  calls  him 
the  famous  clerk  and  great  wise  man  Taliessin.  It  seems  Maelgwn 
made  use  of  him  as  a  prophet,  by  which  help  he  governed  an 
unruly  people  enthusiastically  martial.  This  was  not  a  scheme 
of  Maelgwn  only,  but  of  all  the  kings  of  the  Britons  before  him. 
Taliessin  was  brought  up  by  Elphin,  son  of  Gwyddno  Goronhir, 
lord  of  Cantre^  Gwaelod. 

Talog.  Coed  Talog  or  Coed  Halog,  yn  Neheubarth  [near 
Llan  Erful — W.  D.] ;  Bod  Talog,  Meirion,  or  perhaps  Halawc. 

Talvrith  (Y)  ap  Trehayarn  Goch  o  L^n. 

Talwrn,  a  spot  of  ground,  qu.  ? 

Talwrn,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J.D.) 

Talwrn,  a  gentleman^s  seat  in  Eifionydd.     {J.  D.) 

Talwrn  Mawr  (Y),  in  Anglesey.    Lloyds  of  Talwrn. 

Tallwch,  father  of  Trystan.     {Tr,  24.) 

Tam.  Mr.  Edward  liwyd  says  a  great  many  of  our  larger 
rivers  began  with  Tav  and  Tiv,  or,  as  anciently  written,  Tam  and 
Tim :  hence  Thame  or  Thames,  Tav,  Tawy,  Ty  wy,  Teivi,  Dy fi,  Deva 
(Eom.),  now  Dee,  Dove  in  Shropshire,  etc.  This  Tam,  says  he, 
is  in  all  probability  the  same  with  the  Greek  tamx>s  in  potamos; 
and  he  therefore  takes  the  initials  pa,  pe,  and  po,  in  such  Greek 
words,  to  be  old  prepositives  which  the  Britons  never  had,  which 
implies  that  the  Tam  or  Tav  of  the  Celtae  is  the  most  ancient. 
But  probably  in  the  course  of  explaining  the  names  of  the  above 
rivers  some  other  etymologies  may  be  hit  upon. 

Tanad,  river  in  Montgomeryshire  [issues  from  Berwyn  Moun- 
tains, joins  the  Eirth  at  Llangynog,  the  Mochnant  at  Aber 
Ehaiadr,  etc. —  IF",  i).]    Abertanad. 

Ysymy  rwydd  arglwydd  erglywiad 
A  glywir  or  tir  ger  Tanad. 

Einion  ap  Qwgavm^  i  Ln.  ap  lorwerth. 

Glan  Tanad,  a  gentleman^s  seat. 


CELTIC  REMAINS,  401 

Tanwg  Sant  o  Lydaw.    Llandanwg  in  Merionethshire. 

Tanwyn  (a  pr.  v.)    See  Dr.  Davies. 

Tangusius,  a  holy  man  in  Gwent,  who  brought  up  St.  Beuno, 
in  the  time  of  Ynyr,  King  of  Gwent.     {Buchedd  Beuno.) 

Tangno  ap  Ystrwyth.     See  Ystrwyth  river  and  Ystwyth. 

Tanged  ap  Padriark  Frenin, 

Tangwystl  (i  taTig  and  gwydl),  nom.  foem.  Also  a  Saxon 
name  at  Gwaith  PerUan  Fangor. 

Pan  ddiholer  Tangwystl  yn  hir  o  dir  Gwynedd. 

"Hoi.  Myrddin, 

Tangwystl,  daughter  of  Llywarch  Goch,  lord  of  Ehos,  Rhy- 
foniog,  and  Anglesey,  was  the  first  wife  of  Llywelyn  ap  lorwerth, 
by  whom  he  had  Gruffudd  ap  Llywelyn,  though  Caradoc  say9 
he  was  base  born.  (PoweVs  Caradoc,  p.  298.)  See  the  White 
Book  of  Hergestt  and  also  PolyA  Virgil,  1.  xvi,  p.  391.  Upon  her 
death  he  married  Jone,  the  daughter  of  King  John  and  sister  of 
Henry  III,  and  disinherited,  or  attempted  to  disinherit,  Gruffudd, 
which  caused  great  disturbance  and  wars ;  but  Llewelyn,  the 
son  of  Gruffudd,  at  last  got  the  Principality. 

Tangwn  fn.  pr.  v.),  father  of  Rhineri.    {Tr,  21.) 

Tangwyn  Sant  yn  Llangoed,  Mon,  ap  Caradog  Freichfras, 

Tanglwst,  alias  Tangwystl,  verch  Brychan  Brycheiniog. 

Takadr,  a  river's  name.  Abertaradr,  a  place  mentioned  in 
Hoiane  Myrddin.     See  Abertaradr. 

Tauddenin,  afon.     {Oyfoesau  Myrddin  a  Gwenddydd.) 

Tarddenni.  Llyn  Tarddenni,  a  lake  in  Erjrri,  called  also  Llymx 
Owellyn  or  Cawell-lyn. 

Tabogi,  a  river  in  Gwent  is  Coed.  {Tr,  30.)  Yn  Abertarogi 
yngwent  is  y  Coed  y  doeth  ir  tir.  (Id,)  Abertarogi,  now  Erles 
Throgoye,  in  Monmouthshire.     (Mordents  Map.) 

Tathal  ap  Amun  Ddu,  brenin  Groeg.  Caer  Dathal,  which 
see. 

Tathaius,  a  British  saint  mentioned  by  Camden  in  Mon« 
mouthshire,  others  say  Irish,  who  governed  an  academy  at  Caer- 
went  in  the  time  of  King  Caradog  ap  Ynyr,  who  invited  [him] 
thither  from  an  hermitage.  See  Gildas.  See  Lib.  Landaff;  Notes. 
an  Camden,  Penhroheshire. 

51 


402  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Tawy,  a  river  rising  near  Cappel  Callwen  in  Dyfynnog  hun- 
dred, runs  by  Ystrad  Gynlas,  by  Llanguge,  by  Llansamlad,  and 
to  sea  at  Swanzey ;  in  Welsh  Abertawy ;  by  Camden,  corruptly, 
Abertawi ;  and  he  says  the  English  name  is  derived  fix)m  sunne 
or  sea-hogs,  q.  d.  Sweinsey. 

Tay,  a  river  in  Scotland.     (Major,  Hist.) 

Tecca,  Angl.  fairest.    lancyn  Decca. 

Teccwy  Sant  ap  Dingad. 

Teccwyn  Sant.  Ilandecwyn  in  Meirion.  Docunus  or  Docu- 
inns.  Called  also  by  Capgrave  St.  Cyngarus.  (Brit.  Sanct, 
Nov.  6.)  He  is  mentioned  in  Spelman's  Councils,  in  the  Acts  of 
the  Synod  of  Llandaf,  as  abbot,  as  is  Cadoc  and  lUtut,  abbots. 

Tecla  Sant,  virgin  and  abbess  in  Thuringia  or  in  Hesse, 
A.D.  725.     Llandegla  yn  lal. 

Teg.     Gruffydd  Deg  ap  Gruflf.  ap  Einion. 

Tegai  Sant  yn  Maes  Uanglasawc.     Uandygai 

Teganwy,  for  Deganwy  or  Dyganwy,  qu.?  King  John,  in  the 
year  1211,  came  thus  far  with  the  power  of  England,  of  South 
Wales,  of  Powys,  Chirk,  and  Yale,  and  Cydewen,  and  with  an 
intention  to  destroy  all  that  had  life  within  North  Wales.  Here 
Lly welyn  ap  lorwerth  so  distressed  the  King  and  his  army  by 
skirmishing  and  cutting  off  his  victuals,  that  his  soldiers  were 
glad  to  eat  their  horses,  and  to  return  with  great  loss.  Next 
year  he  came  again  with  the  same  army,  and  encamped  to  the 
west  side  of  the  river  Conwy,  entering  Wales  at  Oswestry,  and 
sent  part  of  bis  army  to  burn  Bangor,  and  took  the  Bishop 
prisoner.  Then  the  Prince  sent  Jone,  the  King's  daughter,  who 
was  his  wife,  and  submitted  and  did  homage,  (GaradoCy  in 
Lin.  ap  lorwerth.)  In  1215  Llywelyn  ap  lorwerth  laid  siege  to 
Dyganwy  and  Bhuddlan,  and  took  them,  and  so  left  the  King 
not  one  castle  in  his  land.  (Oaradoc.)  In  1244  Henry  III 
came  to  Dyganwy,  or  Gannoc,  with  English  and  Gasgoignes,  and 
sent  for  the  Irish,  but  was  obliged  to  return  with  loss.  (Caradoc, 
p.  310.)  In  1256  Henry  III  and  his  son  came  as  far  as  Teganwy 
with  all  the  strength  of  England  in  great  rage ;  but  Llywelyn 
ap  Gruflfudd  sent  his  fleet  to  meet  that  of  the  Irish  that  sided 
with  the  King,  and  defeated  them,  and  kept  the  straits  ana 
passes  so  narrowly  till  he  obliged  the  King  to  retreat  with  great 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  403 

loss.  {Caradoc,  in  Lin.  ap  Grufifudd.)  This  Castle  lay  in  Creuthyn 
in  Cantref  y  Rhos.  (BT.  Llwyd.)  Camden  says  it  is  plainly  a 
variation  of  Conwy :  perhaps  not. 

Tegau  Eubfron,  gwraig  Cariadog  Freichfras,  un  o  dair  diwair 
ferch  Ynys  Prydain,  yn  cael  gair  fal  Penelope;  roedd  tri  thlws 
na  wasnaethynt  i  neb  ond  iddi  ei  hun,  ei  manteU,  ei  phiol  aur, 
a'i  chyllelL  (J3.  J)  Tegau  Eurfron's  mantle  was  one  of  the 
thirteen  rarities  of  the  Isle  of  Britain.  It  would  fit  no  woman 
but  what  was  chaste.  Wrote  also  Tegeu  Eurfron.  {Tr.  54  and 
78.)    See  Muned. 

Tegawg  ap  Cyfnerth  ap  Madog  Madogion. 

Tegeingl  (rectfe  Tegengl),  a  country,  now  Flintshire.  Mr. 
Camden  says  it  signified  in  the  British  Fair  JSngland.  This  is 
owing  to  his  ignorance  of  the  British^  for  Hingl  signifies  Angles, 
a  people,  and  not  a  country. 

Eingl  ar  gyohwyn 

Bhag  Llion  Llychlyn. — Myrddvn, 

And  is  also  the  plural  of  Ongl  or  ETigl,  a  comer  or  angle.  There- 
fore Teg-Engl  is  a  fair  corner.  The  British  name  for  England  is 
Lloegr,  and  not  Eingl,  and  we  have  no  other  name  for  it.  Mr. 
Camden^s  caution  was  not  necessary  against  the  author  who 
called  it  in  Latin  Tegenio,  for  there  might  be  Igeni  as  well  as 
Iceni     I  think  it  was  Humphrey  Lloyd.     It  means  comd  deg. 

Cantref  Tegengl  contains  three  commots,  Counsyllt,  Prestatyn, 
and  Bhuddlan. 

Tegerin,  vulgo  Teigryn,  ap  Carwed. 

Tegfan  Sant.  Llandegfan,  a  church  in  Anglesey,  dedicated 
also  to  St.  Tydecho.  I  suppose  Decumanus,  hermit  and  martyr. 
Capgrave  says  he  left  Wales,  and  led  a  hermit's  life  in  a  wood 
on  the  south  side  of  Severn,  where  he  was  murdered.  {Brit. 
JSanct,  March  1.)  Tegvan  Sant  ap  Carcludwys.  (MS,)  Tegfan, 
father  of  Coel  Godebog. 

Ap  Tegfan  frwydr  Gamlan  gynt. — Bhya  Ooch  Eryri, 

Tegfedd  Santes,  sister  of  Tydecho.    See  Tydecho. 
^  Tegla.    Llandegla  yn  lal. 

!  Teglae  (n.  pr.  v.).    Llandeglaf  yn  lal,  a  parish  and  church  in 
the  deanery  of  lal,  Denbighshire. 


404  .    CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Tegiawc  verch  Ynyr  Gwent.    See  Beuno. 

Tegid  Voel,  0  Benlljm.     Tegvedd  neu  Tegtvedd,  ei  ferch. 

Tegid.  Dyn  Tegid,  a  lake  near  Bala;  in  English,  Pimble 
Mere.     {Ch.  Edwards,)     Linine  Cataigidos. 

Tegonwy  ap  Teon. 

Tegwared  ap  Griffri  ap  Carwed  ap  Aelaw. 

Tegwared  ap  Iddon  ap  Idnerth. 

Tegwas  Felyn,  arglwydd  Hwlflfordd. 

Tegyngl  or  Tbgengl,  daughter  of  Cynedda  Wledig.  {Ach 
Cattwg.) 

Teibion.  Meirion  (in  Meirionydd)  ap  Teibiawn  ap  Cunedda 
Wledig,  or  Tibion. 

Teifi,  a  river  in  South  Wales,  called  by Tibius ;  by 

Ptolomy,  Tuevohiixs  ^  (Gamden) ;  rises  in  Llyn  Teifi,  near  the 
Abbey  of  Ystrad  Fflur,  and  faUs  to  the  sea  below  Cardigan  town, 
taking  in  its  course  many  other  rivers.  It  had  beavers  in  it  in 
Giraldus  Cambrensis's  time^  and  now  hath  an  excellent  salmon 
fishery.  Aherteifi,  Cardigan  town  and  county.  By  Ainsworth, 
Eatostathybius.    Tuerohius,  corruptly  for  Dwrteifi,  says  Camden. 

Teilo  or  Teilaw  Sant,  son  of  Encisus  or  Ensic,  a  nobleman, 
and  born  at  Eglwys  Gunniau  (Llanwnnio).  He  was  instructed 
by  St.  Dubricius,  and  afterwards  by  St.  Pauleus,  a  disciple  of  St 
German,  at  the  same  time  with  St.  David.  He  came  from  Little 
Britain  here  about  the  same  time  with  Dewi  and  Padam,  being 
relations  to  Eong  Arthur,  and  were  promoted  in  the  church, — 
Dewi  made  Penescub  Ynghaerlleon  ar  Wysg,  Le.,  Head  Bishop 
{Tr,  7),  Padarn  was  made  Bishop  of  Llanbadam  Vawr  in  Ceretica, 
and  Teilaw  of  Llandaf,  with  great  privileges ;  and  with  whom 
he  made  a  pilgrimage  to  the  Holy  Land.  The  yellow  plague  (y 
fall  felen)  happening  while  he  was  at  Llandaf,  he  went  over  to 
Armorica,  where  he  remained  with  Sampson,  Bishop  of  Dole, 
and  afterwards  returned  to  IJandaf.  This  Teilo  had  gained  such 
a  character  for  sanctity  and  leamiug  that  in  after  ages,  when 
Popery  prevailed,  it  was  pretended  that  God  had  made  him 
three  bodies,  that  the  church  of  Llandaf  and  Llandeilo  Fawr  and 
Penalun  might  have  each  a  body  to  show  to  sanctify  their 
several  churches,  and  to  avoid  their  disputing  who  shoidd  have 
his  body  to  keep.    (IV,  44.)     These  preachers  came  over  to 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  405 

Britain  when  the  Gwrtheym  faction  lost  ground  here,  and  Gildas 
and  others  obliged  to  retire  to  Little  Britain  to  make  room  for 
them.     See  the  Triad,  "  Tri  chorph",  etc. 

Teirgwaed  or  Teirgwaedd,  the  father  of  Menyw  the  philo- 
sopher. (Tr.  31.)  This  Teirgwaed  was  cotemporary  with  Gwrth- 
eym Gwrthene.     {Tr.  32.) 

Teirtref  (Y),  a  lordship  near  Bishop's  Castle,  now  corruptly 
called  Tatriff. 

Teirtref  (Y),  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Iscoed  in  Gwent 
(Price,  Descr.) 

Teirw  :  see  Dinteirw. 

Temis,  Tamesis  fl.     {T.  WUUaTos  and  Tr.  4.) 

TeneVan  ap  Lludd,  the  73rd  King  of  Britain. 

Terfynnon  (n.  pr.  qu.  ?). 

Terwyn  (n.  1.).  Gwaith  Terwyn,  a  battle  fought  on  Bryn  Ter- 

wyn  in  between  Llewelyn  ap  Grufifydd  and  his  brother 

Owain  or  Owain  Goch,  a.d.  1254.     {Aer.  Cambr) 

Teuddwr.     Cwm  Teuddwr  in  Eadnorshire. 

Teudric  ap  Tithffalt  ap  Teithrin  ap  Tathal  ap  Amun  Ddu, 
brenin  Groeg. 

Teulu,  a  family  or  clan.  Diwair  deulu  and  aniwair  deulu. 
(Triades.)     See  Chi^ys. 

Teuthoneg,  the  Teutonic  language.     {R  Llwyd) 

Tevriaucus  was  father  of  Honorius  (Ynyr).  See  Ynyr.  (Le- 
land,  Script,  Brit.,  c.  38.) 

Tewdor  or  Tewdwr  (n.  pr.  v.).  Ehys  Tewdwr;  in  others, 
Rhys  ap  Tewdwr. 

Tewdor  am  ysgor  am  isgell  grawn. 

GynddelWj  i  Gad.  ap  Madog. 
Tewdrig,  id.  quod  Teudric. 

Tbwdos  ap  Cadwgon. 

Teyrnllug.    Cadell  Deymllug ;  in  another  place,  Teymllys. 

Teyvediat  (Price,  Descr,),  rect^  Tefeidiat.     See  Dyffryn, 

Theonia,  Abbess  of  Gwytherin,  mother  of  Elerius,  the  Abbot, 
who  entertained  Gwenfrewi  in  her  [monastery],  whereof  she 
became  Abbess  after  the  other's  death.     {lAfe  of  Winifred.) 

Throgoy,  river  (Camden,  Britannia)  ;  in  the  British,  Tarrogi. 
{Tr)     "Ac  yn  Abertarogi  yngwent  y  tiriodd",  etc. 


406  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

TiBERiNUS,  the  river  Tiber^  which  washeth  Borne.  The  uame 
in  Celtic  is  Dwrfrenin,  king  of  waters.    (/.  M.) 

TiBiE  ferch  Brychan. 

TiBOD  verch  Einion  ap  Grufifudd 

TiBiON,  son  of  Cunedda  Wledig,  died  in  the  Isle  of  Man^  which 
island  the  Irish  Scots  won,  headed  by  Builke,  the  son  of  Glam 
Hector.  (Price,  Descr,,  out  of  Nennins.)  This  Tibion  was  father 
of  Meirion,  who  had  Cantref  Meirion  given  him. 

TiMWR.    Llandimwr,  tir  yn  perthyn  i  Syr  E.  Vychan. 

TiNBOD,  a  castle  on  the  top  of  a  hill  in  Maelienydd,  mentioned 
in  Camden's  Britannia  to  have  been  destroyed  by  Llewelyn 
Prince  of  Wales,  A.D.  1260.  [Dunbod,  the  place  of  a  fort. —  W.  i>.] 

TiNDAETHWY,  recti  Dindaethwy,  which  see.  Vid.  also  Cynan 
TindaetMay. 

TiNDAGOL  or  TiNTAGOL,  a  castle  in  Cornwall,  which  Buchanan, 
from  his  utter  ignorance  in  the  British  history,  says  is  the  name 
of  a  man. 

TiNLLAES.    Mredydd  Dinllaes  ap  Dafydd. 

TiNLLEYN,  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Ileyn  in  Caernar- 
vonshire.    See  Porthdirdleyn, 

TiNTERNB,  Monastery  in  Wales  (at  Gresham,  Norfolk,  No.  19, 
Davies  MS.),  the  grant  in  being  then.  This  was  Dintarn  in 
Monmouthshire,  where  there  [are]  two  parishes,  Dintarn  Uchaf 
and  Isaf,  to  this  day. 

TiNWAED  (n.  pr.  v.).  Tinwaed  Faglawg,  one  of  the  three 
strong  crooks.     (TV.  21.) 

Tib  Amalgad,  in  Conacht  in  Ireland. 

TiR  MoN,  Anglesey.    See  Mon. 

Tir  Raulph,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Mawr, 
Brecknockshire.     (Price,  Descr.) 

TiRiON  (n.  L).    Williams  of  Tirion. 

Titan  or  Tytan,  a  Celtic  Prince,  nephew  of  Sadwrn.  The  sig- 
nification of  the  word  in  the  British  is  "  the  house  of  fire",  ie., 
T^  T&n ;  for  which  reason  he  is  taken  by  the  Eomans  for  Hype- 
rion or  the  Sun. 

TiviDiAUC,  the  river  Teme  in  Shropshire.  {Oamden,)  See  Te/- 
eidiat, 

Tlyswr,  ue,,  pretty  man.    lerwerth  ap  leuan  Dlyswr. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  407 

ToGVAEL  or  Dogvad,  or  Dogwel,  or  DygweL  Llanddygwel 
Church  in  Anglesey. 

ToLWYTH,  q.  A  Tylwyth.    Tolwyth  Gruflfydd  ap  HoeL 

ToMMEK,  a  barrow  or  low,  being  a  tump  of  earth  thrown  up 
on  the  graves  of  great  men  among  the  Britons ;  a  tumulus  or 
tomb.  In  some  parts  they  are  called  crugau,  which  word  is  used 
in  South  Wales :  Tri  Chrug  Aeron ;  Crugau  Cefii  Geidio,  near 
Bhaiadr  Gwy ;  Tommen y  Bala;  Tommen y  Mur ;  Tommen  Madog 
[near  Pont  Fadog —  W.  DJ] ;  and  Tommen  Coginam  in  Cardigan- 
shire ;  Tom  Elwyddan  (in  Taliesin,  Beddau)  ;  Tommen  Uansan- 
ffraid,  near  Bhaiadr  Gwy.* 

Mr.  Edward  Uwyd  thinks  that  Tommen  y  Bala  was  a  Boman 
watch-mount,  and  not  for  um-buriaL  They  might  be  first  for 
urn-burials,  and  since  for  watch-mounts.    See  BrwyrUlys, 

Ton  Sawndwr,  Monmouthshire. 

ToNNAU,  in  Uanylltyd,  Glamorganshire. 

ToNWBN  verch  Gynyr  o  Gaergawch.    See  Non. 

ToNWY  verch  Ilawdden  or  Llawddyn  Lleddqg. 

ToRCHOG.    Uywelyn  Aurdorchog, — ^Aurus  Torquatus. 

ToKDDU,  a  cognomen,  black-bellied.    Philip  Dorddu,  etc. 

Da  wr  oeddyd  o  wreiddyn 

Y  Torddu  gynt  a'r  ddan  Gwynn. — Rh.  D. 

ToTENYS  and  Totnes  (TyssUio),  q.  d.  Tot  Ynys.  Traeth  Tot- 
enys,  or  the  Sands  of  Totenys,  wjw  the  place  where  Brutus  the 
Trojan  landed  with  his  fleet  from  GauL  (Tyssilio.)  This  is  Tot- 
nes in  Devonshire,  near  Torbay.    See  CcUlmess, 

Towi  (by  Camden,  Britannia,  Towy),  a  river  which  runs  by 
LlanymddyM,  Uandeilo  Fawr,  and  Caermarthen ;  the  Tobius  of 
Ptolomy.     {Oamden) 

Y  dydd  hwn  y  dnodd  hi 

Wybr  a  daiar  Bro  Dowi. — L,  Morganwg. 

Wrote  also  Tym : 

Teym  gwyr  Ystrad  Tywi 
Tomas  mawr  yw'ch  nrddas  chwi. 

Bedo  Phylip  Bach, 

It  rises  in  Mevenydd  in  Cardiganshire,  runs  by  Llanymddyfri, 
Llangadog,  Llandeilo  Fawr,  Dinefwr  Castle,  Caermarthen,  and 
to  the  sea  at  Uanstephan  Castle. 


408  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Ac  ymladd  yn  daer  am  ddwylan  Ty  wi 

Ac  ynghyfenw  Difian  dyfod  iddi. — Hoian.  Myrddin. 

Pan  fo  pont  ar  Daf  ac  arall  ar  Dy wi 

Y  daw  y  diwedd  rhyfel  iddi. — Hoian.  Myrddin, 

ToWLBWRDD  GwENDDOLAU  ap  Celdlaw  was  one  of  the  thirteen 
rarities  of  Britain.  See  Owenddolau.  This  was  a  chessboard  or 
pair  of  tables :  the  ground  was  gold,  and  the  men  silver,  and 
would  play  themselves  when  set  agoing.  JN'.B.  This  may  pos- 
sibly be  some  piece  of  wheel  work.  See  Muned  for  a  full  account 
of  these  rarities. 

Traeth  Edkywi,  Newport  in  Penbrokeshire. 

Traeth  t  Garn,  in  Irish  Traigh  an  Chairn,  on  the  sea-coast 
of  Sligo  in  Ireland,  where  a  great  battle  was  fought  between  the 
natives  and  the  Belgae,  a.m.  2737.     {Ogygia) 

Traeth  Maelgwn,  yn  Aberdyfi.  This  is  the  Sands  on  the 
Cardiganshire  side,  over  against  the  village  of  Aberdovey  in 
Wales,  known  by  this  name  to  this  day.  It  is  on  the  skirts  of 
the  bog  called  Cors  Vochno,  and  overflowed  every  tide.  On  the 
Britons  losing  the  crown  of  London,  and  being  drove  by  the 
Saxons  out  of  Loegria^  all  their  petty  princes  agreed  to  meet 
together  on  this  Sand  to  choose  one  of  the  worthiest  among  them 
for  their  chief  king ;  the  intent  of  their  meeting  here  being,  it 
seems,  that  there  might  be  no  delay,  but  that  they  should  resolve 
on  it  in  the  compass  of  one  tide.  Here  came  the  Prince  of 
North  Wales,  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  and  also  the  Prince  of  Powys, 
of  Deheubarth,  of  Ehieinwg,  Esyllwg,  and  Morgan wg  (in  another 
MS.,  and  to  that  place  came  Powys,  Gwynedd,  Deheubarth, 
Euas,  Gwent,  Morgannwg,  and  SersyUwg) ;  and  by  a  contrivance 
of  one  Maelda  Hynaf  ap  Unhwph  Unarchen,  lord  of  Pennardd 
in  Arvon,  Maelgwn  was  chose  king ;  for  he  made  him  a  kind 
of  a  chair  or  seat  of  quiUs  or  wings,  so  that  when  the  flood  came 
none  of  them  could  stand  his  ground  except  Maelgwn  by  the  help 
of  his  floating  chair,  upon  which  he  was  chose  their  chief  king. 
Perhaps  because  he  had  more  wit  than  the  rest  of  them  as  well 
as  more  valour.    See  No.  2  Appendix  to  H.  Llwyd's  Brit.  Descr. 

Trafal,  fl.     {Llywarch  Sen  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan.) 

Trahaern,  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Selef  in  Brecknock- 
shire.    (Price,  Descr.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  409 

Trahaern  Brydydd  Mawr,  a  poet,  an.  1380.  {Arch.  Brit,, 
p.  264.)  His  Satire  upon  Cadwgan,  the  vicar,  and  his  niece  was 
80  bitter  that  Cadwgan  set  his  own  house  on  fire,  and  killed  his 
niece,  in  a  week  after  the  Satire  was  published.     {K  Llmyd) 

Trahaiarn  vel  Trehaiarn  ap  Tynhaiarn. 

Trahaus.    Gwladus  Drahaus. 

Trallwng,  or  Trallwm,  or  Trallwngc.  Some  derive  it  from 
tre  and  llyn,  tis  Tre^r  Llyn,  but  is  wrote  and  pronounced  Trallwng; 
in  English,  Welsh  Poole,  or  Poole  town,  in  Montgomeryshire, 
on  the  banks  of  the  Severn ;  and  is  interpreted  by  Mr.  Camden, 
the  town  by  the  lake.  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  (in  Notes)  says  Tra- 
Uwn,  from  Tre  'r  Llyn,  is  an  etymology  agreeable  enough  to  this 
place ;  otherwise  he  would  suspect  Trail wn  to  be  the  name  of  a 
place  near  this  pool,  for  Trail  wn,  he  says,  is  a  common  appella* 
tive  in  Glamorganshire  for  soft  places  on  the  roads,  which  he 
takes  to  be  an  abbreviation  of  Traethlyn,  a  quagmire.  [A  bog 
or  quagmire  in  Glamorgan. — /.  Jf.] 

Y  Trallwng  teilwng  fu'r  tad. — Or,  Llwyd  ap  Eign»  Lygliw, 

Y  mwDg  y  Trallwng  y  trig. — 8.  Keri. 

See  Trcdlvmg  Elf  ad.    Dafydd  Say  o'r  Trallwng. 

Trallwng  Cynfyn  is  in  Brecknockshire.  Moses  Williams 
{Notes  on  H,  Llwyd),  who  derives  it  from  Tre  Llyn ;  but  see 
Elfael. 

Trallwng  Elfael  is  in  Caermarthenshire  (Powel,  Caradoc, 
p.  269) ;  called  Tal  Llwyn  Elgain.  Here  Gruff,  ap  Lin.  ap  lor- 
werth  fought  the  Normans  and  defeated  them.  A  place  between 
Ilanymddyfri  and  Brecknock  called  Trallwng. 

Gwnaeth  drallif  gwjar  uch  Trallwng  Elfael 
Pan  fu  ymdrafael  drad  ac  erddrwng. 

Bin,  ap  Madawg,  1250. 

Trallwyn  Cau,  in  Llanvair  y  Bryn,  Caermarthenshire. 

Tranch,  in  Trevethyn. 

Trawsfynydd,  a  parish  and  church  in  Meirion. 

Trawsnant,  a  river  that  falls  into  the  Towi,  q.  d.  cross-brook ; 
another  by  Cwmervin. 

Tre,  or  Trev,  or  Tref,  is  a  British  word  signifying  a  town, 
village,  or  society  of  men :  hence  cantref,  English  cantred,  i,e,, 

52 


410  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

100  villas  :  hence  gartrefy  home ;  or,  as  H.  R,  gar  tir  ef,  which 
is  a  little  strained.  Tre  is  in  the  composition  of  the  names  of 
several  towns  and  places,  as  Tre  Ferwydd ;  Tre  Feirig ;  Tre  'r 
Ddol ;  Tre  Fadog ;  Tre  Friw ;  Tre  Lywarch ;  Tre  'r  Maen  or  Tre- 
maine ;  Trewen  ;  Trefor  or  Trevoire ;  Tre  'r  Dryw ;  Tre  'r  Gof ; 
Trefaldwyn ;  Tre  *r  Llyn ;  Tre  Filan  ;  Treflech ;  Ucheldre ;  y 
Goedtre ;  y  Ftierdre ;  y  Pentre  ;  Tregamedd ;  Tre  Gastell;  Tref 
Loddaith.  But  I  never  met  with  the  name  of  a  very  ancient 
place,  or  before  the  Norman  conquest,  in  Wales  beginning  with 
Tre ;  so  that  it  is  all  a  joke  to  say,  as  some  do,  that  the  city  of 
the  Trinobantes  was  called  by  the  Britons  Tre  Newydd,  and  not 
Tro  Newydd,  or  New  Troy. 

Tre  Aeddon,  vulg6  Tre  Eiddon,  a  place  in  Anglesey,  near 
Aberflfraw.    See  Aeddon. 

The  'r  Bardd.  lianvihangel  Tre  'r  Bardd,  parish  and  church, 
Anglesey. 

Tre  Brys  [in  Mochnant —  W.  jD.],  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J.  D,) 

Tre  'r  Driw,  Edward  Llwyd  interprets  the  town  of  the 
Druid,  in  Anglesey.  But  see  more  of  this  in  Rowlands*  Mona 
Antiqua,  I  must  observe  that  Tref  here  doth  not  signify  a  town, 
but  a  house  or  habitation ;  as  in  South  Wales  *'  myned  i  dref "  is 
to  go  home.    So  Trewyn,  Tre  'r  Gof,  Trefeurig,  etc.,  etc. 

Tre  Lettart,  or  Letterston,  in  Penbrokeshire. 

Tre  Lywarch,  in  Anglesey. 

Brondorf  farch  Tre  Lywarch  traidd.7— Gr»jf.  ap  Mredydd. 

Tre  'r  Twr. 

Trebafared,  village,  Glamorganshire.     Fairs  kept  here. 

Trebuclo  (Camden)  for  Tref  y  Clawdd,  Ejiightou.  The  natives 
call  it,  for  shortness,  Tryclo  or  Tryclaw^  and  not  Trebuclo,  for 
Tre  Clawdd. 

Trebwll,  some  place  in  Powys. 

Am  DrebwU  twll  dy  ysgwyd. — Llywarch  "Hen^  i  Gynddylan. 

Perhaps  Welsh  Pool. 

Trecastell,  a  harbour  and  gentleman's  seat  in  Mdn.  Trecas- 
tell  in  Llywel,  Brecknockshire.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Tredestiniet  (qu.  whether  Distainiaid  ?),  a  village  or  town- 
ship in  the  commot  of  Malltraeth,  Anglesey.     (Prince's  Extent, 


i 


OELTIC  REMAINS.  411 

1352.)  Here  were  two  toeles  of  free  land.  One  of  them  was  so 
free  that  the  Prince  had  no  revenue  out  of  it  except  a  suit  to 
the  commots  and  hundreds^  and  the  two  grand  turns  yearly ; 
the  other  was  a  harder  tenure,  though  free.  The  cashiers  of  it 
paid  the  Prince  a  rent  of  £4 :  11 :  2.  A  suit  to  the  commots  and 
hundreds : — for  every  relief,  1&  8d. ;  for  every  gobr,  IOa  ;  for 
every  amobr,  Is.  8d.  Must  do  the  work  at  the  Prince's  palace  at 
Aberifraw ;  and  all  the  heirs  except  two  must  pay  ci/lch  stolon. 
In  this  last  v?ele  there  were  two  parcels  of  escheat  land,  and  one 
lying  ffryth,  i.e.,  without  being  set,  or  left  in  common,  in  the 
Prince's  hands. 

Tredderwek,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Montgomeryshire.  Moch- 
nant,  qu.  ? 

Tbefdraeth,  a  village  in  Penbrokeshire;  in  English,  Newport ; 
one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cemais  in  Dyfed.  (Price,  Descr,) 
The  castle  was  erased  by  llywelyn  ap  lorwerth,  anno  Dom. 
1215.  Also  a  church  and  parish  in  Anglesey,  near  Malltraeth 
{k  tref,  a  village,  and  traeth,  sands). 

Tref  Alun  (n.  L).     Trefor  of  Trefalun. 

Tref  Dreyr,  a  cantref  in  Cardiganshire. 

Tref  Ithael,  a  house  where  lolo  Goch  frequented.  (JRhys 
Goch  Olyiidyfrdwy .) 

Tref  y  Grug,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Gwent. 
(Price,  DescT.) 

Tref  Erbin,  a  place  in  Cornwall ;  Erbin's  town.    {E.  Llwyd) 

Trefaldwyn,  the  town  and  castle  of  Montgomery, — a  town 
so  called  after  Beddwin,  Lieutenant  of  the  Marches  of  Wales  in 
William  the  Conqueror's  time.  (Oamden  in  Montgomery.)  It 
was  called  by  the  English  Montgomery,  after  Soger  de  Mont- 
gomery, Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  who  won  much  land  there.  Flori- 
legus  says  it  was  so  called  by  Henry  III  from  its  situation,  JfoTi^ 
Gomericus,  after  he  had  rebuilt  [it] ;  for  the  Welsh  had  over- 
thrown it  in  the  year  1095,  and  put  the  garrison  to  the  sword. 
{Camden.) 

Trefedryd,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Denbighshire.     (J.  D.) 

Trefedwyn,  a  place  in  Tegengl,  where,  and  at  Rhuddlan  and 
Caerwys,  the  causes  of  Tegengl  were  to  be  heard  in  the  time  of 
(Powel,  Car.,  p.  360.) 


412  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Trefeka,  near  St.  David's. 

Trefawith.  Camden  (in  Herefordshire)  says  that  the  Britons 
called  Hereford  (before  the  name  of  Hereford  town  was  known) 
by  this  name,  from  beech-trees,  and  Henford  from  an  old  way ; 
but  a  little  before  he  derives  Hereford,  which  he  writes  also 
Hareford  and  Hariford,  from  Ariconium. 

Trefethyn,  Monmouthshire. 

Trefgaian,  a  parish  and  church  in  Anglesey.     See  Caian. 

Trefin,  Penbrokeshire,  a  village.    Fairs  kept  here. 

Trefilan  Castle,  built  by  Maelgwn  Vychan,  ad.  1230. 

Treflech,  near*Oswestry  [vulgo  Treflach —  W,D,\ 

Treflech,  church  and  parish,  Caermarthenshire. 

Treflydan,  in  Gilsfield,  a  gentleman^s  seat.     {J.  D,) 

Treflygan,  Cardiganshire. 

Trefnant,  a  gentleman's  seat  by  Welshpool. 

Trefor.  Several  places  in  Wales  thus  named,  and  from  thence 
it  is  become  a  surname  of  famiUes.  Sometimes  it  comes  from 
tref,  a  dwelling,  and  m&r,  the  sea,  when  the  situation  is  so,  as  in 
Cefn  Trefor  Fawr  and  Cefn  Trefor  Fach,  near  Harlech.  Some- 
times it  might  come  from  tref  and  mawr^  great,  as  Tre^fawr.  So 
Trefor  in  Anglesey,  which  is  not  on  the  sea.    Tudur  Trefor. 

Trefred.  Cantref  Trefred,  in  Powys  Vadog,  containing  the 
commots  of  Croesfain,  Tref  y  Waun,  and  Croes  Yswallt. 

Trefred  Alun.    Ysgawl  torf  rhag  Trefred  Alun. 

Trefriw  (qu.  whether  from  treffriw  or  trefy  rhiw),  a  village 
in  Caernarvonshire. 

Trefry,  a  place  in  Meirion. 

Trefrydd  (enw  He).     Gronw  o  Drefr^dd  {k  tref  and  rhydd). 

TrefpYnnon,  a  town  and  castle  in  Flintshire,  fortified  by 
Hugh  Earl  of  Chester,  a.d.  1210. 

Tregaron,  a  town  in  Cardiganshire,  so  named  from  Carawn, 
a  King  of  Britain,  called  by  Latin  writers  Carausius.  It  lies  in 
the  lordship  of  Carawn  or  Caron.  Tyssilio  calls  him  Carawn, 
and  the  common  people  pronounce  [it]  Caron.  There  is  a  river 
called  Caron  in  Scotland,  and  the  name  of  the  river  at  Tregaron 
is  also  Caron,  in  memory  of  that  Prince. 

Tregeirigg,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J.  D.)     Lloyd. 

Tregynon,  in  St.  Asaph  diocese,  or  Tregyman  Chapel,  St. 
KnomkeU  in  Cedewain. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  413 

TrehayakN  or  Trahayaen,  the  89tli  King  of  Britain. 

Trehedyn  wrth  Eralyn,  in  Cardiganshire.     Fairs  kept  here. 

Treredynog  (wrote  falsely  Tredynock  or  Tredonock),  church 
three  mQes  of  Caerllion,  Monmouthshire,  where  there  is  a  Boman 
inscription. 

Trewalchmai,  church  and  parish  in  Anglesey. 

Trewastrodion,  a  township  or  villa  in  the  commot  of  Mall- 
traeth  in  Anglesey,  mentioned  in  the  Hxtent  of  Edward  III, 
1352.  This  was  probably  the  estate  of  the  Mastej  of  the  Horse 
to  the  Prince,  from  gwadrawd.  In  this  villa  there  were  six  free 
wdes,  and  one  of  native  land,  or  terra  natvoa.  This  tenure  of 
native  land  was  very  jslavish.  This  v)de,  called  Wele  Bleddyn 
Goeg,  for  example,  paid  yearly  rent  to  the  Prince,  Vis,  6d.,  and 
suit  to  the  lord^s  mill  at  TindiyvoL  Belief  and  amobr,  6s.  8rf.; 
both  must  pay  part  of  Slaurum  [?];  must  carry  the  lord;  must 
pay  cylch  stalon,  cylch  rhaglon,  cylch  hebogyddion,  cylch  dour- 
gon;  and  make  their  part  of  any  house  in  the  manor  of  Aber- 
L;,  as  the  Prince  tWnks  proper.  So  in  the  effect  they  were 
the  Prince's  slaves  as  well  as  the  proprietor's  slaves.  Free  land 
may  fall  to  be  native  land.     See  TredestineU 

Trewen.    Swydd  y  Drewen. 

Treweithan,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Montgomeryshire  and 
Monmouthshire.     Jones. 

Trewommon,  aL  Brimestone,  in  Penbrokeshire. 

Trewyddfa,  Glamorgan.     Craig  Trewyddfa. 

Trewylan,  a  gentleman's  seat.    Kynaston. 

Tren,  river.  Blaen  Tren,  Carmarddenshire.  Tren,  a  river  in 
Llywarch  Hen's  Marwnad  Cyndylan.  Mr.  Edward  Ilwyd 
tliinks  it  to  be  the  Tern  in  Shropshire.  There  is  a  small  river 
between  Cardigan  and  Montgomeryshire  called  Trennig,  ix., 
little  Tren,  near  Eisteddva  Gurig. 

Yd  a  Tren  yn  y  Trydonwy. — Llywarch  Hen, 

Caer  Dren,  Stafford.     {Thos,  Williams) 
Tren,  a  town  in  Powysland. 

Amascai  Tren  tref  i  dad. — Llywarch  Ken, 

Caer  Dren.     {Thos,  Williams)     See  TreUy  a  river,  and  Trennig, 
Trennig,  q.  d.  Little  Tren,  a  river  which  falls  into  Gwy.    See 
Tren, 


414  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Treuddyn,  a  gentleman's  seat.  Wynne's.  (J,  D.)  Tal  y 
Treuddyn,  a  gentleman's  seat. 

Treul  (n.  f.).  Treul  Difefyl,  daughter  of  Llynghesawl  Llaw- 
hael,  noted  for  her  chastity.     {Tr.  54.) 

Treyr:  vid.  Tredeyn 

Triades,  a  British  book  in  MS.  quoted  by  Camden  in  Shrop* 
shire,  endeavouring  to  prove  Caradoc  Freichfras  to  be  the  famous 
Gaxactacus  in  the  time  of  Claudius  CaBsar ;  and  also  in  his  dis- 
course on  the  manners  of  the  Britons,  to  prove  three  great 
armies  raised  in  Britain,  one  of  which  was  settled  on  the  Grae- 
cian  Sea,  after  destroying  a  great  part  of  Europe.  And  yet 
Mr.  Camden  runs  counter  to  every[thiBg]  eke  said  in  that 

ancient  book. 

Mwy  i  arial  na  Dn'r  Moroedd 

Maint  ei  lym  ai  antur  oedd. — TudurAlecL 

Du'r  Moroedd  is  mentioned  in  the  Triades. 

Trigfylchau,  or  Treigl  Fylchau  (JS.  Llwyd),  a  mountain  near 
Uanberis  in  Eiyri. 

Trillo  Sant.  Llandrillo,  in  the  deanery  of  Edeymion,  Powys. 
LlandriUo'n  Bhos  is  called  also  Duneurth;  a  house  hard  by 
there  of  the  name  of  Duneurth,  vulgo  Dinerth.  Qu.  whether 
the  same  with  Troilus  ? 

Trin  (fl.),  Trent.     {K  Llwyd.) 

Trinio  or  Trunio  Sant.    Llandrinio  in  the  deanery  of  Poole. 

Uandrunio  llwyn  derw  anial. — D.  LI. 

Tristfardd,  Bardd  Urien,  one  of  the  three  red-speared  poets. 
(TV.  17.) 

Tristram  (n.  pr.  v.),  by  Camden  falsely  wrote  for  Trystan  or 
Drystan  ap  Tallwch.  He  says  he  knows  not  whether  the  first 
of  this  name  was  not  christened  by  King  Arthur's  fabler,  and 
yet  owns  Tristan  is  a  name  used  in  France.  But  if  he  had  seen 
the  Triades,  a  book  which  he  himself  yet  quotes  in  his  Britan" 
nia,  he  would  have  seen  that  Trystan  was  an  ofiGlcer  of  King 
Arthur's,  or  said  to  be  so  by  an  author  1,200  year  old. 

Tro,  Trou,  and  Troea,  Caerdro,  and  Caerdroia,  the  city  of 
Troy  in  Phrygia;  TPOIA.  The  ancient  tradition  among  the 
Britons  is  that  they  descend  from  some  Trojans  that  wandered 


1 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  415 

here  after  the  destruction  of  Troy ;  and  even  the  shepherds  on 
the  mountains  in  Wales  to  this  day  cut  in  the  ground  the  form 
of  the  walls  of  Troy,  which  is  a  kind  of  a  regular  labyrinth.  The 
Britons  had  also  a  kind  of  play  which  they  called  gwart  gwyr 
TrOy  ie.y  the  play  of  the  men  of  Troy,  performed  by  boys  with 
their  oflBicers,  etc. 

The  city  now  called  London  was  at  first  called  Tro  Newydd, 
or  New  Troy,  and  by  Latin  writers  Trinovantum ;  it  being  cus- 
tomary with  the  wandering  Trojans,  wherever  they  settled,  to 
call  their  chief  town  Troy,  so  great  an  afiection  had  they  for 
their  ancient  Troy. 

The  publisher  of  the  Laws  of  Edward  the  Confessor,  who 
was  the  predecessor  of  William  the  Conqueror,  says  that  there 
was  a  court  in  London  called  the  Hustings,  erected  in  memory 
of  the  ancient  Troy,  and  kept  according  to  the  custom  of  Troy. 
The  Troy  weights,  etc.,  kept  in  that  court,  seem  to  favour  that 
opinion.  But  whether  that  ancient  tradition  be  true  that  a 
colony  of  Trojans  under  one  Brutus  or  Prydain,  or  some  such 
name,  ever  came  here,  is  not  at  all  material  or  to  the  honour  of 
the  nation ;  yet  since  our  ancient  writers,  the  Triades,  Taliesin, 
Nennius,  Tyssilio,  etc.,  all  say  that  they  came,  we  must  abide 
by  what  they  say  till  we  can  derive  ourselves  better. 

Spelman  says  the  passage  before  Edward  the  Confessor's  Laws 
breathes  of  Gralfrid  of  Monmouth,  which,  perhaps,  is  not  a  very 
fair  remark  till  it  can  be  proved  that  it  was  wrote  after  the 
time  of  Galfrid,  whose  book  did  not  appear  for  near  a  hundred 
years  after  the  time  of  Edward  the  Confessor.  This  is  the 
passage  speaking  of  the  court  of  Hustings  held  in  London : — 
*^  Fundata  enim  erat  olim  et  sedificata  ad  instar  et  ad  modum  et 
in  memoriam  veteris  magnaa  Trojse  et  usque  in  hodiernum  diem 
leges  et  jura  et  dignitates  libertates  regiasque  consuetudines 
antiqu89  magnse  Trojse  in  se  contineV',  etc,  "And  nobody  hath 
a  claim  to  this  island  except  the  Cambrian  nation,  the  remains 
of  the  Britons  who  came  formerly  from  Caer  Dro.'*  {Tr,  6.)  See 
Caerdro. 

Tro  N'EWYDD,iViwa  Troja,  or  Trenovantum,  Le,, "  urbem  novan- 
tem".  (H.  Llwyd,  Brit.  Descr.,  p.  25.)  This  is  the  Trinobantum 
of  Caesar,  called  afterwards  liundaiu,  London.     See  Zlundain. 


416  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Trodwydd,  fl.  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan) ;  in 
Mordents  Map,  Trothy,  qu,  ? 

Troverth,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J.  D.)    Wynn's. 

Trowyn,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J,  D.) 

Trum,  the  top  of  a  house  or  mountain.  Trum  Paethnant,  a 
mountain  near  Plumlumon.  Also  the  name  of  a  place  in  Ire- 
land. Wrote  also  Trim.  Trum  Yryri,  the  top  of  Snowden; 
hence  Drum  Albin,  Drum  Connor,  Dromore  in  Ulster ;  Drum- 
bender  in  Scotland. 

Mae  ty  ar  dram  y  tir  draw. — Tudur  Aled. 
Tretad  i  tithan  yw  Trum 
Tan  Ghistell  teg  i  Ystum. 

lolo  Ooch,  to  Sir  Rog.  Mortimer,  E.  of  March. 
Mor  oer  a  thram  Eryri. — H,  2).  ap  lewin  op  Bihys, 

Trwyx,  used  in  the  composition  of  names  of  places,  and  sig- 
nifies a  nosCy  as  the  Saxon  ?iess  in  Totness,  Sheerness,  eta,  as 
English  antiquaries  say.  Trwyn  Garddwr  or  Garwddwr;  Trwyn  y 
Balog  j  y  Trwyn  Du  ;  Trwyn  y  Gogarth  [the  promontory  facing 
Priesholme  Isle  on  the  Carnarvonshire  side.  See  Tvdno. — W.D,]] 
Trwyn  Caergybi 

Trwyndwn.     lerwerth  Drwyndwn  {k  tnoyn  and  turn). 

Trydelig.     Cadwgan  Trydelig ;  in  some  copies,  Rhydhelyg. 

Trydonwy,  fl.  {Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan.)  See 
Byfrdonwy  and  Onwy, 

Tryfrwydr,  appellative,  q.  d.  Trwyfrwydr.  Meurig  Tryfrwydr 
ap  Tegonwy. 

Tryffin  ap  Drem  o  Frecheiniog. 

Tryffon  ap  Mervyn  ap  Ehodri  Mawr. 

Trygan  or  Trygam  (n.  L),  Caernarvonshire. 

Trygarn  Sant.     Llandrygam  Church,  Anglesey. 

Tryphin  (n.  pr.  v.).  Tryphin,  father  of  Drudwas.  {Tr,  82.) 
Pwll  Tryphin,  near  Holyhead,  Anglesey. 

Egin  Tryphin  wyt  Ruffudd. — 0.  ap  LI.  Mod. 

Trythin  or  Tryphin  Chapel  belongs  to  Mold  Church,  Flint- 
shire. 

Trystan  Hwland. 

Trystan  ap  Tallwch,  un  o'r  tri  galofydd.  {Tr,  24.)  Wrote 
also  Drystan.    Taleithiawc  cad.     (?V.  26.) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  417 

TuBRAWST  (gwraig  Elgud  ap  Cadfarch)  o'r  Tathlwyniaid. 

TuDAU  ap  Tyfodedd  ap  Gwylvy w. 

TuDCLYD  Sant ;  church  at  Penmachno. 

TuDFYL  verch  Brychan, 

TuDNO  Sant ;  hence  Llandudno,  on  Trwyn  y  Gogarth.  Mab 
Ithel  Hael  o  Lydaw.  (MS,)  Hogalen  Tvdno  Tvdclyd  was  one  of 
the  thirteen  rarities  of  Britain,  kept  in  the  Museum  at  Caerilion; 
i,e,y  Tudno's  whetstone.  A  coward  that  whetted  his  weapon 
upon  it  would  never  sharpen  it,  but  it  would  immediately  bring 
a  man  of  courage's  weapon  to  an  edge.     See  Eluned, 

TuDUR  (n.  pr.  v.),  Latinized  commonly  Theodoras.  But  these 
real  British  names  have  been  abused  by  the  too  great  affectation 
of  the  provincial  Britons  to  imitate  their  Roman  masters.  Tudur 
is  no  Latin  or  Greek  name,  but  signifies  literally  steel  side,  or 
side  of  steel,  as  Ironside  was  used  by  the  English.  So  the  name 
should  have  been  Latinized  Tudurus,  This  would  have  saved 
much  confusion  which  hath  happened  in  history  by  taking 
one  person  for  another.  Camden  says  the  Welsh  Britons  cor- 
ruptly call  Theodore  Tydder;  but  they  know  of  no  such  name. 
I  know  that  about  the  year  980  a  nobleman  in  South  Wales, 
from  an  afiectation  to  follow  foreign  names,  named  one  of  his 
sons  Tewdor  or  Theodore,  who  was  afterwards  called  Tewdwr 
Mawr,  whose  son  was  Ehys  ap  Tewdor,  Prince  of  South  Wales 
afterwards  ;  but  this  proves  nothing  in  relation  to  Tiidur,  for  it 
is  not  the  same  name,  and  he  was  at  liberty  to  call  his  own  son 

what  he  pleased. 

Aer  drud  ar  B3r8  ap  Tudur 

Ergyd  pell  ar  y  gwaed  pur. — Inco  Brydydd, 

See  Arthur,  larddur. 

Tudur  Aled,  a  poet,  an.  1490.  He  lived  at  Garth  Geri  in 
Chwibren,  in  the  parish  of  Llansannan.     {E,  Llwyd.) 

TuDWAL  ap  Credic  ap  Dyfnwal. 

TuDWAL  Gloff,  one  of  the  sons  of  Ehodri  Mawr,  who  had  this 
surname  from  a  wound  in  his  knee,  got  in  the  battle  with  the 
Saxons  and  Danes  at  Conwy,  called  Gwaith  Cymryd  Conwy,  or 
Dial  Bhodri ;  and  for  his  bravery  had  lands  given  him  by  his 
brother  Anarawd,  the  reigning  Prince,  A.D.  880.  He  was  half- 
brother  to  the  Prince. 

53 


418  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

TuDWAL  Tytclud,  father  of  Ehydderch  Hael  and  of  Gwen- 
fedon  the  Chaste.     {Tr.  54.) 

TwDWG  Sant.    Dandudwg. 

TuDWEN  Santes,  qu.  ?    Ilandudwen  Chapel  in  Ileyn. 

TuEDD  (fl.),  the  Tweed,  a  river  rising  in  Scotland.  {E.  Llwyd) 

TuFTD  ap  Tangno  ap  Ystrwyth ;  qu.  whether  Divitiacus  ? 

TuRAM,  the  ancient  name  of  the  river  Severn  before  it  was 
called  Hafren.     (TyssUio.) 

Tweed,  river.    See  Tuedd, 

TWLET,  Teledo  {Dr.  Davies),  Toledo  {B.  Llwyd). 

TwN  (fl.).     Ham  Dwn.     GrufiF.  Dwn. 

TWNNA  ap  Ithel  neu  lethelL    Porthdwnna. 

TwNNOG.     Bodtwnnog,  a  chapel  in  Ileyn. 

TwR,  an  ancient  Celtic  root  used  in  the  names  of  places  in 
Wales,  etc.,  signifying  a  tower  or  castle.  Y  Maendwr  (n.  1.)  sig- 
nifies the  Stone  Tower,  Y  Twr  Moel,  a  gentleman^s  seat.  Yr 
Hendwr  (n.  1.), — Madog  o'r  Hendwr,  signifies  the  Old  Fort, 
Meirion.  Y  Twr  Gwyn,  the  White  Tower ;  i.«.,  the  Tower  of 
London.  Mynydd  y  Twr,  a  mountain  near  Holyhead,  from 
the  fort  on  it  in  ancient  times.  Tre'r  Twr.  Twr  Celyn,  in 
Anglesey.  Twr  Branwen,  the  ancient  name  of  Hariech,  i.e., 
Branwen's  Fort.  And  I  suppose  several  of  the  fortified  towns 
in  Britain  and  Gaul,  to  whose  name  the  Bomans  have  prefixed 
DwOf  were  so  called  from  Twr,  and  not  from  Bwr,  water ;  as 
Durocomovium,  Durocasses,  Durolenum,  Durocatallauni,etc.,etc. 

Twr  Baldwyn  :  see  Trefaldwyn. 

TwK  Tewdws,  the  Pleiades,  q.-  d.  Tewdos's  Tower ;  or,  per- 
haps, Twrr  or  Pentwr  tew. 

TwKCELYN,  a  house  at  Ilannerch  y  Medd  in  Anglesey,  which 
gives  name  to  one  of  the  six  commots  of  Anglesey, — Cwmmwd 
Twrcelyn.     [Twr  Cuhelyn  yn  Mon.     (i.  I>wn.)—W.  D.I 

Twr  Cynfael,  Castell  Cynfael  yn  Meirion. 

Twrf  tonn  torchawg  hael — 
Twr  Cynfael  yn  cwyddaw. 

CynddelWf  Ho.  ap  0.  Gwynedd. 

Twr  Gwenog.  {leuan  Tew.) 

Twr  Moel,  a  gentleman's  seat.    (J.  D) 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  419 

TwRCH  (n.  pr.  v.). 

Nid  adfer  Twrch  fcref  i  dad. — Llywarch  Hen, 
See  Yspaddaden. 

TwBCH  Tewyd  (n.  pr.  v.). 

— nith  ddirbljgwyd 

— mael  aer  Twrch  Trwyd. — Or.  ah  Mredydd^  qu.  ? 

Twrch,  fl.  {Llywarch  ffen),  a  river  in  Gaermarddenshire,  falls 
into  Cothi ;  another  Twrch  falls  into  the  Tawy  below  Ystrad 
Gynlais.     [Another  about  lian  Gadfan. — W.  jD.] 

TwRK,  the  Turk. 

Tyeciaid,  Turks,  a  nation  about  the  Lake  Moeotis,  mentioned 
by  Mela  about  46  years  after  Christ,  and  by  Pliny  soon  after. 
They  revolted  from  the  Saracens,  and  drove  them  to  the  East, 
and  the  Saracen  name  is  now  hardly  known. 

TwRLLACH.    Ehyd  y  Twrllachau. 

TwKLLACHiAiD  or  TwRLLACHiAD,  a  place  near  Dulas  in  Angles- 
ey ;  wrote  in  the  Prince's  Extent  Book,  Turghlaiet. 

TwROG  Sant.  Uandwrog  in  Caernarvonshire :  hence  Maen 
Twrog,  a  parish  in  Meirion. 

TwYMLYN  Llwyd  ap  Madog  Uwyd  ap  Grifiri. 

TwYSOG,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Denbighshire.     Parry. 

TwYTHWAL  Merin  (or,  as  another  MS.,  Twythwal  Werin)  in 
Gorhofifedd  Gwalchmai,  a  place  near  Craig  Freiddin,  Montgome* 
lyshire.     See  Merin. 

Ty  Ddewi,  village,  St.  David's,  Penbrokeshire ;  the  see  of  the 
Archbishops  of  Wales  formerly.    Fairs  here. 

Ty  Fry  (Y),  a  house  in  Anglesey. 

Ty  Illtud,  an  ancient  monument  of  rude  stones  in  Uanham- 
mwlch,  Brecknockshire.     (£.  Llwyd,) 

Ty  Walwern,  a  castle  in  Cyfeiliog.  Here  was  the  eighth 
battle  of  Llewelyn  ap  lorwerth.     See  Cylch  Llywelyn, 

Dybuant  dybyddan  vydd 

Dy  Walwern  drywem  drefydd. 
See  Walwern. 

Ty  Gwyn  ar  Daf,  the  first  abbey  or  friar  house  in  Wales 

(after  the  destruction  of  Bangor  is  y  Coed,  which  savoured  not 

of  Eomish  dregs)  was  this  Ty  Gwyn,  called  Whitland  Abbey, 


420  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

built  anno  Dom.  1146.  {R\iTQ:ph,lAojd,Note  onCaradoc.)  There 
are  fairs  kept  here. 

Tybio  and  Tibie  (n.  pr.  v.).  Llandybio,  Caermarthenshire. 
Fairs  kept  here. 

Tydecho  Sant  ap  Annn  Dda,  an  Armorican  Britain,  had  a 
church  and  a  monastery  at  Mowddwy  and  Uandudoch  about 
A.D.  530  or  540.  His  legend,  according  to  Dafydd  Llwyd  ap 
Llewelyn  ap  Gruffydd,  is  this  (Cywydd  Tydecho  Sant) : — ^That 
he  resided  at  Mowddwy ;  that  he  and  St  Dogwel  and  St.  Teg- 
war  once  lived  together  at  Uandudoch  (which  lies  in  Penbroke- 
shire,  on  the  river  Teifi,  below  Cardigan  town,  where  there  has 
been  a  large  monastery  called  St.  Dogmaers) ;  that  he  was  an 
abbot,  and  a  relation  of  King  Arthur;  that  upon  a  quarrel 
between  him  and  Emyr  Uydaw  {ie,,  Emyr,  King  of  Armorica) 
he  came  over  to  Mowddwy  and  built  a  temple  (teml)  there,  and 
kept  a  good  house ;  that  his  bed  was  the  blue  rock  on  the  side  of 
the  valley,  and  that  he  wore  a  hair  coat  (pais  rawn),  and  was  a 
confessor.  Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  in  the  heat  of  his  youth,  sent 
his  horses  and  dogs  to  be  fed  by  his  prayers.  Tydecho  turned 
them  loose  into  the  mountain ;  and  when  they  were  fetched, 
though  it  had  been  cold  winds  and  hoar  frost,  they  were  found 
fat  and  strong,  and  their  white  colour  changed  into  a  gold  colour. 
Maelgwn  Gwynedd,  provoked  at  this,  took  away  Tydecho's  oxen; 
but  the  next  day  deer  instead  of  oxen  were  found  in  his  team 
aploughing,  and  a  grey  wolf  drawing  the  harrow  after  them. 
Maelgwn  came  with  a  pack  of  white  dogs  to  hunt  to  these 
rocks,  and  sat  upon  Tydecho^s  blue  stone ;  but  when  he  endea- 
voured to  get  up,  he  found  his  backside  was  quite  fastened  to 
the  stone  that  he  could  not  stir,  and  so  was  obliged  to  make 
matters  up  with  the  saint.  He  sent  back  his  oxen,  and  gave 
him  for  atonement  the  privilege  of  sanctuary  for  a  hundred 
ages,  so  that  neither  man  nor  beast  could  be  taken  from  his 
land ;  no  battles,  or  burning,  or  killing,  to  be  admitted  there. 
He  cured  the  lame,  blind,  and  deaf,  etc.  When  Cynan  the 
Prince  stole  St.  Tegfedd,  his  sister,  a  nun,  her  ravishers  were  all 
struck  blind,  and  she  came  home  a  maid ;  in  satisfaction  for 
which  Cynan  gave  him  the  lauds  of  Garth  Beibio.  No  mortu- 
aries, nor  amobrage,  nor  other  services,  from  these  lands.    The 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  421 

Pope  granted  these  privileges,  and  Howel  ap  Cadell  corrobo- 
rated them.  When  an  army  of  about  500  men  once  came  upon 
his  land,  he  miraculously  conquered  them  without  fighting,  by 
enervating  them,  as  the  Devil  is  said  to  have  done  by  the  Friar 
Preachers  formerly,  as  this  author  says : 

Y  modd  J  daliodd  Diawl  meddynt 

Y  Brodyr  Pregethwjr  gynt. 

D.  Lluryd  wp  LI,  ap  Oruffydd. 
Thus  endeth  the  legend : 

Eled  bawb  o'r  wlad  y  bo 

I  dachan  at  Dydecho. — B,  LI,  ap  LI,  ap  Oruffydd, 

Tydiau  verch  Brychan,  yn  y  tri  Gabelogwar,  qu.  ? 

Tydrnwy  :  see  JRhmj  Dydmwy, 

Tydweiliog,  chapel  dedicated  to  Gwy ven  Santes.  {Br,  Willis,) 

Tyfid  ap  Cadwgon :  qu.  Divitiacus  ? 

Tyfodog  or  Tywodog,  river;  i,e,,  sandy.  Ystrad  Dyfodog, 
Glamorganshire. 

Tyfriog  Sant     Llandyfriog. 

Tyfrydog  Sant  ap  Dingad.  Llandyfrydog  Church  in  Anglesey. 
See  Gir.  Cambrensis  in  Itin,  Oambr,  A  miracle  done  by  this 
Saint.  There  is  also  a  stone  pillar  in  that  parish,  called  Ileidr 
Tyfrydog,  or  Tyfrydog's  Thief.  The  story  is,  that  a  thief  rob- 
bing this  Saint  of  his  books,  was  turned  by  him  into  a  pillar  of 
stone  with  the  books  on  his  back ;  and  the  bundle  of  books  are 
seen  as  plain  on  his  back  as  they  were  the  day  they  were  turned 
into  stone. 

Tyfyrdd,  fl.     {LI.  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cyndylan.) 

Tygai  Sant.    Llandygai,  Caernarvonshire. 

Tygent  or  Tygen,  a  river  mentioned  by  Llywarch  Hen  in 

Marwnad  Cadwallon.    Qu.  in  Powysland,  the  north  side  of  Haf- 

ren  ? 

Llaest  Cadwallon  ar  Havren 

Ac  o'r  tu  draw  i  Ddygen 

A  breiait  yn  llosgi  Meigeu. — Llywarch  Hen, 

Tygwnning  Sant.    Llandygwning. 
Tyguy,  wrote  anciently  for  Tywy.     {E,  Llwyd) 
Tygwydd  or  Tygwy  Sant.     Llandygwydd,  Cardiganshire. 
Tyngyr  (n.  pr.  v.).     Vid.  Gwelygorddau  Powys. 


422  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Tyngyrion,  the  people  or  tribe  of  Tyngyr ;  as  if  you  would 
say  the  Campbells,  the  Hamiltons,  or  other  clans,  in  Scotland. 
So  from  lorwerth  comes  lorwerthion ;  from  Madog,  Madogion  ; 
from  Gwalchmai,  Gweilchion,  etc.  See  Gwelygorddau  Powys. 
The  land  belonging  to  these  tribes  was  afterwards  called  after 
their  names :  Tyngyrion,  Gwrtheymion,  Edeyrnion,  Gwynogion* 
i.e.,  Swydd  Wynogion. 

Tyndabthwy,  un  o  6  chwmwd  Mon,  or  Dindaethwy. 

Tyno  Bydwal  (n,  L)     {Cyhhau  Cymru) 

Tyrnog,  Lat.  Tighemacvs.  {K  Llwyd,)  Llandymog  in  Den- 
bighshire.   Vid.  Dymog, 

Tyssul  (n.  pr.  v.).  Llandyssul  in  Caermarthenshire  [Cardi- 
ganshire].   The  same  with 

Tyssilio  Sant,  son  of  Brychwel  Ysgithrog,  Prince  of  Powys, 
wrote  a  history  of  the  Britons  about  the  year  666,  qu.  ?  But 
Mr.  Edward  liwyd  thinks  610.  It  was,  I  suppose,  wrote  in 
Latin,  and  carried  over  to  France  by  the  British  refugees  about 
that  time.  It  was  seen  at  the  Abbey  of  Bee,  in  Normandy,  by 
H.  Huntingdon  before  Galfrid  published  his  translation, — a 
very  ancient  copy.  See  Lambard,  Out  of  Latin  it  was  tran- 
scribed into  the  Breton  language,  or  the  language  of  the  Bretons 
of  Armorica.  In  that  shape  Walter  Mappeus  or  Calenius,  Arch- 
deacon of  Oxford,  found  it  in  Armorica,  and  gave  it  to  Galfrid 
Arthur,  then  Archdeacon  of  Monmouth,  to  translate  into  Latin, 
whose  translation  we  have  in  print  and  MS.,  a^  also  the  Welsh 
translation  of  Walter  Mappeus  out  of  the  Breton. 

Canu  i  Dyssilio  Sant.  (Cynddelw  Brydydd  Mauor,  apud  Llyfr 
Coch  o  Hergest.     Arch.  Brit.,  p.  258.) 

LlandyssU,  in  Cedewain,  Powys ;  Llandyssilio  Church,  An- 
glesey ;  Llandyssilio  Gogo,  Cardiganshire ;  Llandyssilio  yn  lal, 
a  church  and  parish ;  Llandyssilio  in  the  deanery  of  Pool. 

Tyssel  ap  Corun.     Uandyssel. 

Tyuiot,  a  river  in  Scotland.     (Major,  Hist,  Scot) 

Tywyn  Meirionydd,  a  village. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  423 

V. 

Vadum  Salicis,  Willowford. 

Vaga,  the  Latin  name  for  Gwy,  fl. 

Vecturiones,  the  Picts  of  the  Highlands  of  Scotland,  or  the 
North  Picts ;  the  Southern  Picts  being  Dicalidones,  or  Deau 
Gelyddion,  South  Caledonians,  from  Coed  Celyddon.  See  UcMir. 

Venedotia  and  Gwynethia,  Gwynedd,  North  Wale^; 

Venilia,  wife  of  Neptune ;  in  the  Celtic,  V'anwyl,  or  Gwen- 
♦yl,  or  GenhiUes.     See  Brut  y  Brenhin,  and  Gwalchmai. 

Venus,  the  name  of  several  women  in  the  Eoman  history.  It 
was  made  from  Owener,  a  Celtic  Princess,  and  niece  of  Sadwm 
(Saturnus).  There  was  also  a  daughter  of  the  Celtic  Prince  lou 
of  that  name ;  from  whence  the  Britons  call  Friday  (Dies 
Veneris) -Dydd  Gwener,  from  the  Celtic  gwSriy  a  smile — ^the  smiling 
goddess ;  therefore  Cicero^s  derivation  of  Venus  from  ve7iiendo, 
or  her  readiness  to  come  to  man,  is  ridiculous. 

Verwic  (Y)  :  see  Ferwig  and  Ahervng, 

Vesta  :  see  Festa. 

ViNVED,  a  river  in  Yorkshire,  where  Penda,  King  of  Mercia, 
was  slain  in  battle  by  Oswy,  and  the  place  called  Winwidfield. 
(Bede,  1.  iii,  c.  24)  JJmj^ae'S  in  the  Saxon.  Qu.  whether  a 
British  name  ?    See  Wynyet. 

Vl  Cassar.    (TV.  48.) 

VoRGANiUM,  the  town  of  Morlais  in  Gaul,  so  called  by  Ptolomy 
and  the  ancient  Gauls  {Camden  in  Glamorgan) ;  and  from  hence 
he  gathers  that  the  county  of  Morganwg  was  so  called  from 
lying  on  the  sea,  as  Morlais  doth.  Why,  then,  is  not  every 
country  that  lies  on  the  sea  called  Morganwg  ?  And  why  must 
the  ancient  national  tradition  be  laid  aside  for  a  modem  guess  ? 

Vrchrichiad.  Spelman's  gloss  in  Adelingus.  See  Owrthry- 
chiad. 

Vrnttch:  see  Vmach, 

Vrkach  or  Vrnuch.  Caer  Vmach  {Nennius,  qu.  ?).  Vmach 
{Triad) ;  another  copy,  Vmas.  (Usher,  CataL)  Caer  Fumach, 
qu.  whether  Brynaich  ? 

VwcHEOELiAiD,  Helvctii,  the  Switzers ;  ie.,  Highlanders.  {R 
Llwyd.) 


424  CELTIC   REMAINS. 


U. 

UCHDIR,  perhaps  wrote  for  Uclieldir  yr  Alban,  bhe  Highlands  ; 
and  from  thence  might  be  formed  Uchdirion,  which  the  Romans 
turned  to  Veeturiones,  the  Northern  Picts,  who  inhabited  the 
Orcades  and  to  the  north  of  the  Grampian  Mountains. 

UcHDRYD  ap  Edwin. 

TJcHELDDiN,  Lat.  Axelodunum.  It  should  be  XJcheldunum. 
{K  Lhoyd) 

UcHELDREF,  a  gentleman's  seat,  Anglesey.  Another  in  Meir- 
ion,  qu.  Meyrick  ? 

UcHELGOED  GwYNEDD,  lands  given  by  his  brother  Anarawd 
ap  Ehodri  to  Tudwal  Gloff,  in  reward  for  his  valour  at  Gwaith 
Cymryd  Conwy,  commonly  called  Dial  Ehodri,  A.D.  880.  (K 
Vaughan.) 

UcHTRYD  (n.  pr.  V.) ;  hence  Hafod  Uchtryd  in  Cardiganshire. 
Cwmmwd  Mab  Uchtryd  in  Cantref  Mawr,  Caermarthensliire. 
(Price,  Descr.)  Camden  makes  Uchtryd  a  German  name,  signi- 
fying high  counsel ;  but  it  is  British,  formed  from  tech,  above, 
and  drud,  stout. 

lach  draw  a  dawn  Uchtryd  oedd. — D.  I.  LL 

Udd  Kesar.  {B.  Vav^fhan)  Wlcsesar  is  common  in  Brvi  y 
Brenhinoedd, 

Ufydd.    Llanufydd.    Nefydd. 
Ull  (n.  pr.  v.),  Julius. 

Rybn  Ull  Kessar. — Prydydd  y  Moch, 

Unwrch  ap  Unarchen  ap  M6r,  qu.  ?    See  Traeth  Madgwn. 
Unhwch  or  Ynhwch  (n.  pr.  v.).     Unhwch  Unarchen :  vid. 
Traeth  Maelgvm.    Hence  Caer  Ynhwch  near  Dolgelleu, 

Dym  kywarwyddiat  Ynhwch. 

Llywarch  Hen^  in  Mar.  Yw^.  ap  Urien. 

Mr.  Edward  Ilwyd  is  induced  from  this  to  think  that  this  Un- 
hwch killed  Ywein  ap  Urien ;  but  the  Triades  says  that  he  was 
killed  by  Ilofan  Llawddino;  some  Saxon*  it  seems.  [Uofan 
killed  Urien,  and  not  Owen  his  son.  Vide  Llywarch  Hen. — 
W.D.] 


CELTIC   REMAINS.  425 

Urael  (n.  pr.). 

Llew  tir  Buellfc  a'i  Harael. — L.  01.  Cothi, 

Ubbgen.  This  name  in  Nennius  (who  is  said,  with  Ehydderch, 
Gwallawc,  and  Morgant,  to  have  fought  Hussa  the  Saxon  King) 
is  the  Urien  Eeged  of  Taliessin,  Llywarch  Hen,  Aneurin,  etc., 
who,  and  his  sons,  is  also  said  by  the  same  Nenniiis  to  have 
stoutly  fought  with  Deodric,  son  of  Ida.     {Nenn.y  c.  65.) 

Urful,  enw  He.     (i.  OL  CothL)    Llanurful  Tnghaereinion. 

Uriconium:  see  Ou>rygion. 

Uriel  (n.  pr.),  one  of  the  seven  archangels. 

Mihangel,  IJnel  yn  arwain  graddau 

A  dynn  eneidian  dan  ei  adain. — L»  G,  Cothi. 
See  Gabriel 

Urien  Eeged,  or  Urien  ap  Cynfarch,  called  by  Nennius  Urb- 
gen ;  so  called  because  he  was  Prince  of  Eeged  in  North  Britain. 
He  was  son  of  Cynvarch  Hen,  and  brother  to  Llew  ap  Cyn- 
farch, who  married  King  Arthur's  sister  Anna.  His  son,  Ywain 
ap  Urien,  was  one  of  King  Arthur's  generals.  He  was  cefn- 
derw  of  liywarch  Hen. 

Gwae  fy  Haw  lladd  fy  nghefnderw. 

This  Urien  was  killed  by  Llofan  Llawddino  (IV.  38) :  some 
Saxon,  qu.  ?  His  mother  was  Nefn,  daughter  of  Brychan  {Tr. 
52),  and  his  wife  Modron  verch  AfallacL  {Tr.  52.)  On  account 
of  his  great  feats  in  the  wars  he  was  called  "un  o'r  tri  tharw  cad'\ 
(Tr.  12.)  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  thinks  he  was  killed  by  Unhwch. 
(Arch.  Brit.,  p.  259.)  Camden  says  some  learned  Danes  have 
told  him  Urian  is  the  same  with  George, — a  Greek  name  signi- 
fjing  a  husbandman.  He  need  not  have  gone  further  than  the 
Triades  (a  MS.  of  the  Britons  which  he  quotes  in  his  Britannia), 
and  there  he  would  have  found  that  Urien  ap  Cynfarch  was  a 
Prince  of  Eeged,  in  North  Britain,  in  the  time  of  Uthur  Berv- 
dragon,  about  the  time  the  Saxons  came  into  Britain ;  and  that 
his  son,  Owain  ap  Urien,  was  a  general  under  King  Arthur. 
Would  anybody  go  to  Denmark,  Sweden,  Italy,  or  Greece,  to 
search  for  the  meaning  of  this  name  when  he  could  find  it  at 
home  ?    But  far  fetched  is  best  for  ladies. 

Urien,  the  51st  King  of  Britain. 

Urp  (n.  pr.  v.),  a  Teutonic  name.    Urp  Luyddawc,  UiytcsBel- 

54 


426  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

licosus,  Urp  the  Warlike,  or  Urp  with  the  great  army.  This 
Prince  came  from  Llychlyn  to  desire  succours  of  the  King  of 
Britain  (who  the  Triades  calls)  Cadyal  mab  Eryn,  whom  I  take 
to  be  Gadell  mab  Geraint,  the  43rd  King  after  Brutus.  (About 
this  time,  perhaps,  the  second  Brennus  and  Belgius  spoiled 
Macedon  and  Greece,  and  ruined  the  Temple  at  Delphos.)  This 
Urp  Luyddog  agreed  with  the  King  of  Britain,  for  a  certain  sum 
of  money,  to  have  out  of  every  one  of  his  principal  cities  as 
many  men  as  he  would  bring  into  it ;  and  there  went  into  the 
first  city  but  himself  and  his  General,  Mathutafwr,  or  Mathuta 
Fawr.  But  when  the  islanders  understood  what  a  bad  bargain 
they  had  made,  they  were  sorry,  and  yet  were  obliged  to  stand 
to  it  This  was  one  of  the  greatest  armies,  the  Triades  says, 
that  ever  went  out  of  this  island ;  and  none  of  them  ever  re- 
turned, but  settled  themselves  in  two  islands  on  the  coast  of 
Greece,  called  Gals  and  Avena.  {Tr.  40.)  One  of  these,  Mr. 
Edward  Llwyd  thinks  to  be  Corfu.  Camden,  quoting  the  Triads, 
thinks  they  settled  in  Galatia. 

This  Urp,  with  his  Cimbrians  from  the  coast  of  the  Baltic, 
or  perhaps  the  Netherlands,  may  be  the  Belgius  that  joined  with 
the  second  Brennus  to  invade  the  Eomans,  who  then  had  laid  a 
scheme  for  universal  monarchy ;  and  if  he  was  from  Belgium, 
he  might  be  called  Urpus  Belgius.  The  number  of  these  British 
auxiliaries  were  61,000  men.  (Tr,  40.)  Or  it  might  be  that 
army  of  Cumbrians  that  invaded  Eome  in  Marius's  time.  A. 
Chr.  107. 

There  is  a  mistake  here  in  the  number  of  men,  for  15  cities, 
in  arithmetical  proportion  (getting  two  men  out  of  the  first  city), 
will  produce  65,536  men.  But  perhaps  Urp  was  contented  with 
61,000,  and  would  not  be  too  hard  upon  people  that  he  had  out- 
witted. 

Ursula  (n.  f.),  said  to  be  a  British  saint,  a  lady  martyred  by 
Attila,  King  of  the  Huns,  and  daughter  of  Dianotus,  King  of 
Cornwall ;  but  we  have  no  such  name  as  Ursula  in  the  British 
History  or  MSS.,  and  seems  to  have  been  coined  by  Galfrid,  and 
foisted  into  his  Latin  translation  of  Tyssilio,  or  by  the  monks 
that  transcribed  him  afterwards. 

UsBER  (n.  pr.  v.),  father  of  Eore. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  427 

USK,  Monmouthshire.     Vid.  Wysg, 

UsLOYN.     Mynydd  Uslojm,  Monmouthshire. 

UssA  ap  Cynedda  Wledig  gave  name  to  Maesuswallt,  now 
Oswestry.     (Price,  Descr) 

UsSA,  son  of  Llafyr.     (Caradoc  in  Howel  Dda.) 

TJthur  (n.  pr.  v.),  Latinized  Uter.  XJthur,  the  son  of  Constan- 
tine,  sumamed  Uthur  Beudragon,  the  99th  King  of  Britain  after 
liis  brother  Emrys  (called  by  Latin  writers  Aurelius  Ambrosius). 
Both  brothers  were  brought  up  in  Armorica  in  France,  where 
they  escaped  from  the  hands  of  Gwrtheym,  who  killed  their 
brother  Constans,  whom  he  first  made  king  from  a  monk,  to 
make  room  for  himself;  and  in  his  distress  called  in  the  Saxons 
to  assist  him.  This  was  in  the  year  449.  The  lands  of  WiUi/r 
mentioned  in  the  Armorican  writers  as  part  of  Little  Britain, 
seems  to  belong  to  this  Uthur.  His  father  Constantin  being 
brother  to  Aldwr,  King  of  Britanny, 

Hud  Uthur  Bendragon,  un  o'r  tri  prif  hud.  (2V.  32.)  This 
was  Myrddin. 

Camden  says  he  was  sumamed  Pendragon  because  of  his  ser- 
pentine subtil ty.  (Gibson's  Oamderiy  p.  298, 1st  edit.)  And  yet 
nothing  of  that  subtilty  appears  in  history,  except  the  battle 
which  he  fought  at  St.  Alban's,  and  beat  the  Saxons,  be  reckoned 
such. 

Uthur  had  two  sons,  Arthur  and  Madoc,  and  a  daughter  Anna. 
{Tr.  82.)     See  Pendragon, 

UwcH  Aeron,  the  country  to  the  north  of  the  river  Aeron  in 
Cardiganshire.    See  Aeron, 

UwcH  Cerdin  :  see  Cerdin  river. 

UwcH  Conwy. 

UwCH  Coed,  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Iscoed  in  Gwent. 
(Price,  Descr.) 

UwLLYN,  qu.  ?  Llanuwlljm,  parish  and  church  in  Penllyn 
deanery,  St.  Asaph  diocese.  Some  say  from  Uwch  y  Llyn,  and 
Llanyccil  from  Cil  y  Llyn  (sed  qu.  ?),  i.e.,  Llyn  Tegid. 

Uwch  Mynydd,  one  of  the  commots  of  Cantref  Elfel,  between 
Wy  and  Severn. 

Uwch  Nant,  a  cantref  in  Powys  Vadog,  containing  the  com- 
mots of  Merffordd  and  the  two  Maeloi-s. 


428  CELTIC  REMAINS. 


W. 

Waith.    Ynys  Waith.    Vid.  Ghvaith. 

Wallia,  the  present  Latin  name  of  the  country  now  called 
Wales.  This  is  the  name  given  it  by  most  of  the  Saxon  writers 
who  had  occasion  to  mention  this  country.  Giraldus  Cambrensis 
faUs  foul  of  Galfrid,  in  his  translation  of  the  British  history,  for 
his  foolish  etymology  of  Wales  from  Wallon,  a  general,  or  Wen- 
dolen,  a  queen ;  and  calls  it  false  and  fabulous,  as  there  never 
were  such  persons  in  Wales  ;  nor  is  that  passage  to  be  found  in 
the  British  original,  which,  no  doubt,  Giraldus  knew  when  he 
called  it  a  fable  of  Galfrid,  which  he  had  added  as  a  flourish  in 
his  translation  of  the  old  British  history.  Giraldus  insists  that 
Wallia  is  a  Saxon  word  signifying  foreign,  and  therefore  the 
Cambrians  are  called  JVallenses,  and  the  country  Wallia.  Poly- 
dore  Virgil  ignorantly  claims  this  etymology  as  his  own,  or  had 
not  read  Giraldus.  I  own  that  the  Saxons  called  the  Cambrians 
WealeSy  and  even  the  North  Britains  Stradcluyd  Weales,  and  the 
Cornish  Comweales;  but  how  came  Taliessin,  who  lived  within 
a  hundred  years  after  the  Saxons  coming  to  Britain,  and  before 
they  had  any  learning  among  them,  to  caU  this  country  Wallia  ? 

En  tir  a  gollant 
Ond  Gwyllt  WaUia. 

There  was  no  such  a  letter  in  the  Latin  as  W,  therefore  there  could 
not  be  such  a  word  as  Wallia  in  Taliessin's  time;  for  the  Soman 
language  and  learning  flourished  then  among  the  Britons,  as  is 
well  known  to  persons  the  least  versed  in  the  ecclesiastical  his- 
tory of  those  times.  And  this  word  in  Taliessin's  poem  must  be 
wrote  either  Valia  or  Galia ;  the  latter  rather,  which,  by  the 
British  grammar  rules  and  nature  of  the  language,  would  be 
here  wrote  Gwyllt  Alia,  which  afterwards,  in  imitation  of  the 
English,  was  wrote  Wallia,  or  rather  Walia.  Gilia  was  certainly, 
in  the  ancient  British,  tlie  name  of  Gaul,  and  the  people  Gal- 
iaid.  The  Irish  at  this  day  call  an  inhabitant  of  France  Oalltcu 
Why  might  not  the  inliabitant«  of  Wales  (upon  a  supposition 
that  they  came  originally  from  Gaul)  be  called  Walians  by  the 
Saxons,  and  the  coimtry  Walia,  as  the  idiom  of  the  English  ia  to 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  429 

turn  Welsh  words  beginning  with  G  into  a  W  ?  as  Gwal,  Wall ; 
Gwin,  Wine ;  Gwlan,  Wool ;  Gwynt,  Wind ;  Gwan,  Want,  ie,, 
pale ;  Gair,  Word ;  Gwae,  Woe ;  Gwerth,  Worth ;  Gwynn, 
White ;  Gwaeth,  Worse ;  Gwaith,  Work,  etc.,  etc.  Comugallia, 
the  name  of  Cornwall,  seems  to  be  of  the  same  origin,  and  Corn- 
weales  was  the  Saxon  name.  John  Major  {Hist.  Scot.)  calls  it 
VaUia. 

Walwekn,  a  castle  in  Cyfeiliog :  vid.  Ty  Walwem. 

Watgin,  Angl.  Watkins  :  vid.  Owatcin. 

Waun  (Y),  Chirk  in  Denbighshire,  a  church  and  parish  and 
castle.    Y  Waun,  in  Glamorganshire.   There  are  fairs  kept  here. 

Wddyn.     Llanwddyn.    Vid.  Gwydden, 

Weir.  Caer  Weir  {Triad),  Caer  Wair  (7%.  Williams),  War- 
wick (Usher's  CataL).     Caer  Gwrig  is  Warwick. 

Welsh  Poole  :  see  TraUvmg. 

Wenni  (Y)  river  runs  by  Llanha...  and  Wenni,  and  to  Og- 
more  Castle. 

Wenallt  (Y),  a  place  in  the  lordship  of  Maesaleg  in  Mon- 
mouthshire, mentioned  by  Dafydd  ap  Gwilyn. 

Nid  oes  bren  yn  y  Wenallt 

Ka  bo'n  wyrdd  ei  ben  a'i  wallt. — B.  O, 

A'u  gangan  yn  an  gyngerth 
Ai  wn  a'i  bais  yn  nn  berth. 

Wentset  or  Wentsland,  the  English  name  of  the  county  of 
Monmouth.  (Camden,  Britannia.)  In  the  British,  Gwent  and 
Casgwent  and  Castell  Gwent.    Vid.  Oaerwent. 

Went.  Caerwent  {Triades) ;  Usher,  Caerwent ;  Nennius,  Caer 
Gwent;  Chepstow  in  Monmouthshire,  near  the  mouth  of  the 
river  Gwy  (Engl.  Wye),  the  Venta  Silurum  of  the  Eomans. 
Gwent  is  the  name  of  the  country  thereabouts.  Vid.  Gwent. 
£laen  Gwent,  Monmouthshire,  ch.  and  sch.    Vid.  Blasn  Gwent. 

Wen^yn  ap  Idnerth. 

Wen  Ynys  (Y),  (Ti/ssilio),  Albion,  according  to  Galfrid ;  not 

in  the  Brut  Tyssilio ;  one  of  the  ancient  names  of  the  isle  of 

Britain. 

Dysgngettawr  perchen  y  Wen  Ynys. — TyMilio. 

See  YFel  Ynys. 


430  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

Werddon  {Y)  :  vii  Ewerddon. 

Wern  (Y)  :  see  Gwem, 

Wern  Ddu  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat.    Parry. 

Wern  Fawr  (Y),  a  gentleman's  seat.    Parry. 

Wern  Goch  (Tj.    Maes  y  Wern  Goch,  Meirion. 

Werthefin:  vid.  Gioerthefin. 

Wewenhyr.     Caer  Wewenhyr.     {Ydori  K.  ap  KUydd) 

Wic  and  Wick  :  see  Owig  and  Gwic. 

WicwAiR  neu  Wickwair.  Ehys  ap  Cwnnws  o  Wicwair.  A 
place  in  Dyfifryn  Clwyd,  where  Sion  Tudur  the  poet  lived,  and 
had  an  estate  of  his  own,  in  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign.  Qu.  Wig 
y  Gwair  i 

WiDAWLWiR.  Caer  Widawlwir.  (Triades.)  In  another  copy, 
Wedawlwir ;  qu.  one  of  twenty-eight  cities  ?   • 

WiLCOC  MOWDDWY. 

WiLCOG  ap  Llywelj^n  ap  Ywain. 

Winifred,  or  Winifrid,  or  Gwenfrid  as  Camden  will  have  it^ 
is  said  to  be  a  British  name  signifying  fair  and  beautiful ;  but 
we  find  it  not  in  the  British.  By  the  Britons  named  Gwen- 
frewi.  Said  to  be  Abbess  of  Gwjrtherin  in  North  Wales.  This 
is  she  that  gave  name  to  Holywell  in  Flintshire,  Ffynnon  Wen- 
frewi ;  but  we  have  nothing  in  our  British  history  or  MSS.  that 
I  have  met  with  relating  to  that  name,  though  this  St.  Winifred, 
if  ever  there  was  such  a  person  of  that  name,  should  have  been 
mentioned  by  some  writer  since  the  time  of  Maelgwn  Gwynedd, 
A.D.  540,  about  which  time  St  Beuno,  who  is  said  by  the 
legends  to  replace  her  head  on.  Her  life,  in  Latin,  is  in  the 
Cottonian  Library,  which  seems  to  be  ancient  (Claud.  A.  5) ; 
another,  by  Eobert  Salopiensis,  in  the  Bodleian  Library  at  Ox- 
ford, wrote  about  1140;  another,  said  to  be  out  of  the  Cotton 
life,  in  Sir  James  Ware's  library, — an  abbreviation  out  of  Eobert 
of  Salop  by  John  of  Tinmouth  about  1366,  afterwards  transcribed 
by  J.Capgrave.  An  account  of  her  life  in  the  Breviary  of  Sarum 
read  like  the  Epistles  and  Gospels  in  churches.  J.  Capgrave's  life 
of  her  was  abbreviated  by  Lawrence  Surius,  a  Carthusian,  and 
from  him  abbreviated  by  a  German  monk.  J.  Capgrave's  was 
also  transcribed  into  M.  Alford  the  Jesuit^s  Annals^  and  after- 
wards Englished  by  Cressy.     Her  life  in  English  rhyme,  about 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  431 

A.D.  1300,  in  the  Public  Library,  Oxon.  (A.  72,  fol.  189),  and  in 
prose  in  the  English  Legend.  In  1635  one  J.  F.,  a  Jesuit,  trans- 
lated Eobert  of  Salop  into  English,  which  was  reprinted  in  1712, 
and  published  with  Dr.  Fleetwood's  Notes,  a.d.  1713. 

Dr.  Fleetwood  seems  to  doubt  whether  there  ever  was  such 
persons  as  Winifred,  or  Beuno  that  is  said  to  have  put  her  head 
on.  But  this  is  too  stoical,  and  a  bad  way  of  reasoning.  The 
monks  have  invented  lies  about  St  Winifred  in  order  to  get 
money ;  therefore  there  never  was  such  a  person  as  Winifred.  I 
find  no  church  in  Wales  dedicated  to  her  name,  unless  Llan- 
ddewivrewi  be  one,  dedicated  to  her  and  Dewi  But  the  river 
is,  perhaps,  Brefi.  And  what  is  still  more  remarkable,  of  the 
many  churches  said  to  be  erected  or  founded  by  Beuno,  none  of 
them  bears  his  name,  or  are  called  Llanveuno. 

Tudur  Aled,  about  the  year  1490,  wrote  the  Legend  of  Gwen- 
frewi  in  verse,  and  mentions  one  Pennant,  then  Abbot  of  the 
Monastery  near  Holywell.  Qu.  whether  at  Sychnant?  The 
time  allotted  by  Alford  and  Cressy  to  St.  Winifred  is  a.d.  660. 
See  Gwenfrewi  and  Beuno, 

WiNOC  Sant :  vid.  Gumniog. 

Wlcaesar  {BrtU  y  Brenhinoedd),  Jidius  Csesar. 

Wrexham  :  vid.  Owrecsam, 

Wrw  :  vid.  Erw. 

Wrygion.  Caer  Wrygion  mentioned  by  Dr.  Thomas  Williams 
in  his  Catalogue  of  the  British  Cities,  and  by  Usher  in  his  Cata- 
logue. The  word  signifies  to  grow  strong,  to  grow  manly,  from 
givr,  a  man,  and  Caer  Wrygion,  the  city  of  strong  men.  I  take 
the  place  to  be  the  city  called  by  the  Bomans  Uriconium,  which 
is  Wroxeter  in  Shropshire.  Here  was  found  an  inscription  on 
the  tomb  of  an  officer  of  the  Legio  Vicesima  Victrix,  which 
favours  the  meaning  of  the  British  name  (if  it  was  given  after 
the  Romans  fortified  it).  I  suppose  the  Caer  Gorgorn  in  the 
Triades  is  the  same,  and  also  the  Caire  Guirigon  of  Nennius. 

Wydigada,  one  of  the  four  commots  of  Cantref  Mawr  in  Caer- 
marthenshire.     (Price,  Descr.) 

Wyddgrug  (Yr),  or  Mold  Castle  in  Flintshire,  village,  parish, 
and  church,  vulgo  Tr  Wyrgrug,  a  very  strong  fort  of  the  Nor- 
mans in  the  year  1144,  which  had  been  often  besieged  but  never 


432  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

won.    Taken  by  Owen  Gwynedd  after  several  assaults,  and 
erased  to  the  ground.     {Caradoc) 

Wyddfa  (Yr),  or  Y  Widdfa,  in  English  called  Snowdon  or 
Snowden,  from  whence  the  name  of  the  Forest  of  Snowden  was 
given  to  all  that  range  of  mountains  by  the  natives  called  Creig- 
iau  or  Mynyddoedd  Eryri,  q.  d.  the  Eagle  Mountains.  Eagles 
bred  there  in  the  memory  of  man.  But  the  name  Snowden  was 
made  from  eiry,  snow,  q.  d.  the  Snow  Mountains,  or  Eiryriw,  i.«., 
Ehiw^r  Eira.     Vid.  Rhiw. 

Wygyr  :  vid.  Gwygyr, 

Wylfa  (Yr),  nomen  loci,  literally  the  watch-place.  Pen'r 
Wylfa  in  Anglesey. 

Wynstay,  Rhiwabon  parish,  the  seat  of  Sir  Wat,  Williams 
Wynn,  Bart. 

Wynt.  Caer  Wynt.  This  is  the  Guint  Guic  of  the  Lib.  Cot- 
ton, of  Nennius,  and  Gwentguic  of  the  Lib.  Cant,  of  Nennius, 
and  Caer  Wynt  of  the  Triades,  i.e.,  the  Wind  City,  now  Win- 
chester, properly  Windchester. 

Wynyaon.  The  castle  of  the  sons  of  Wynyaon  in  Caradoc 
(in  0.  Gwynedd,  p.  220),  is  a  mistake  of  the  translator  out  of 
the  Welsh  for  Mabvjynion,  one  of  the  cantrefs  of  Cardiganshire. 
See  Mahvynion. 

Wynyet  and  Wynnedd,  a  river  where  Oswydd  Aelwyn  killed 
Penda  and  thirty  princes  more.     {Tyssilio.)     See  Vinved. 

Wyrangon.  Caer  Wyrangon  (Triades) ;  in  Nennius,  Guricon ; 
in  Usher,  Caer  Wrangon ;  in  Dr.  Th.  Williams,  Caer  Wrangon  ; 
Worcester:  in  Latin, Vigomia,  Brannogenium  {Ain9warth),'Bmn' 
gonium.  From  hence  the  modem  name  Caer  Frangon.  The 
name  seems  to  be  derived  from  gwyr,  men,  and  eang,  free,  pi. 
eangon,  q.  d.  Gaer  Qwyr  Uangon,  i.e.,  the  city  of  freemen,  or  the 
freemen's  city ;  and  the  Latin  name  Brannogenium,  if  of  British 
original,  is  literally  the  same  thing,  derived  from  braint,  privi- 
lege, and  geni,  to  be  bom,  i.e.,  persons  bora  there  to  have  the 
privilege  of  freedom. 

Wyre  Fach  (Y)  and  Yr  Wyre  Fawr,  rivers  in  Llansanffred, 
Cardiganshire.     Qu.  Arwyre  ? 

Wysg,  anciently  wrote  Vise,  the  name  of  a  river  in  Wales,  by 
the  English  called  Usk.    The  meaning  of  this  word  in  Irish  is 


CELTIC  RExMAlNS.  433 

water,  from  whence  Mr.  Edward  Llwyd  infers  that  our  British 
ancestors,  at  their  first  coming  and  driving  off  the  Gwyddelian 
Britons,  being  ignorant  of  their  language,  retained  the  word  as 
a  proper  name  of  a  river,  as  the  Saxons,  on  the  like  case,  have 
called  some  rivers  by  the  name  of  Avon,  which  in  British  sig- 
nifies only  river  in  general  But  Mr.  Llwyd  should  have  con- 
sidered that  Visg  or  Visge  did  not  signify  a  river,  but  was  the 
word  for  water  in  general ;  and  by  that  way  of  reasoning  they 
might  have  called  a  lake,  or  the  sea,  visg,  as  well  as  one  river. 
But,  says  he,  abundance  of  rivers  in  England  were  called  by 
them,  from  that  word,  by  the  name  oiAsc,  JEsc,  Isc,  Osk,  and  Usk. 
It  is  very  extraordinary  that  the  same  word  should  run  through 
all  the  vowels.  I  am  afraid  it  is  too  great  a  scope  to  take  even 
in  etymology.  The  English,  he  says,  have  partly  retained  these 
names  afterwards,  and  partly  varied  [them]  into  Ax,  Ex,  Ox,  Ux. 

This  hypothesis,  which  may  be  denied  with  the  same  confi- 
dence as  it  is  asserted,  doth  not  prove  that  our  ancestors  did  not 
understand  the  language  of  the  Gwyddelian  Britains,  or  first 
inhabitants  (see  the  word  Llwch),  for  the  very  word  visg  with 
them  had  the  same  meaning  with  the  word  Vi  or  Wy  with  us, 
as  appears  in  the  names  of  rivers,  Conwy,  Elwy,  Llugwy,  etc. ; 
and  in  all  waterfowl,  gwydd,  hwyad,  gwylan,  etc.,  etc.  So  that  it 
might  be  but  a  difference  of  dialect.  And  as  for  Asc,  Esc,  Isc, 
and  Osc,  they  may  be  accounted  for  otherwise,  without  that  licen- 
tious liberty  of  changing  all  the  vowels  at  our  pleasure,  which 
Mr.  Baxter  in  his  Glossary  hath  also  been  ridiculously  guilty  of. 

Why  should  Mr.  Llwyd  attempt  to  bring  Oxford  (which  was 
once  Oxenford)  from  Ouskford,  without  proving  that  the  Britons 
had  a  river  called  Ovsk,  unless  he  had  catched  the  infection 
from  Mr.  Baxter  ?  Mr.  Llwyd  very  well  knew  that  Ehydychen 
was  the  name  in  British  which  signifies  the  ford  of  oxen,  and 
not  ox  ;  and  this  from  very  ancient  times. 

Y. 

Yal,  enw  lie.     Vid.  laL 

YcciL,  qu.  ?    Llanyccil,  church  and  parish  in  Penllyn.     Some 

say  from  cil  y  llyri. 

YcH,  river.     Aberych. 

55 


434  CELTIC  UEMAIKS. 

YcHEN.     Bodyehen,  yn  sir  Fon.     Ehydychen,  yn  Uoegr. 

Ydon  or  Yddon,  fl.  (Llywarch  Hen  in  Marwnad  Cadwallon.) 
Lluest  Gadwallon  ar  Ydon.  [Ar  Eithon,  qu,  avon  Ystrad  Enni^ 
Maesyved  ?— TT.  D.] 

Yfed,  qu.  ?  Pen  Yfed,  a  gentleman's  seat.  {J,  D)  Gwemyfed 
in  Brecknockshire.     [Ednyfed,  qu.  ? —  W,  i>.] 

Ylched  Sant,  qu.  ?     Dechylched  Chapel,  M6n. 

Ynad,  a  judge.  Yr  Ynad  Coch  a'r  Ynad  Du.  Adda  ap  yr 
Ynad  Du.     Cillyn  Ynad. 

Ynellan,  qu.  ?    Ehisiart  Mostyn  o  Fodynellan. 

Ynghaead,  rectfe  Angharad. 

Yngnad,  id.  q.  Ynad.     Madog  Yngnad. 

Ynfyd,  a  cognomen.  Cadavael  Ynfyd  [Cadavael  Ynad,  medd 
Syr  S.  Meyrig,  ei  ddisgynydd — W.  J?.,  1842];  qu.  whether  the 
Cadgubail  of  Nennius  ? 

Yniwl  (n.  pr.  v.).  Yniwl  larll,  father  of  Enid,  one  of  the 
ladies  in  King  Arthur's  court. 

Ynllj,  wrote  anciently  for  Erdli.     Vid.  Ynys  Erdli, 

Ynwch  (n.  pr.  v.).  Caer  Ynwch,  near  Dolgelleu.  Tudur 
Fychan  o  Gaer  Ynwch ;  but  rightly  Unhwch.  Vid.  Traeth  Mad- 
gwn  and  Hwch, 

Ynyr  (proprium  nomen  viri)  putatur  significare  veteribus 
agricolem.  Heb.  nur,  arare.  Nvr,  ager  cultus.  (B.  Vaughan) 
A  nephew  of  King  Cadwaladr  (according  to  TyssiUo),  whom  he 
sent  with  Ivor  his*  son  to  Britain  with  auxiliaries  obtained  of 
Alan,  King  of  Llydaw,  i.e.,  Armorica,  when  he  himself,  like  a 
wise  Prince,  thought  himself  safer  at  Some.  Caradoc,  in  his  - 
Chronicle,  seems  to  make  Ivor  a  son  of  Alan,  and  Ynyr  a  nephew 
of  Alan ;  but  our  ancient  British  MSS.  say  that  Cadwaladr  had 
three  sons,  Ivor,  Alan,  and  Idwal  Iwrch,  which  is  the  most  pro- 
bable story ;  for  Ivor  might  be  of  years  fit  to  be  a  general,  and 
Alan  also  a  youth  in  the  army;  but  Idwal  so  young  that  he  left 
him  in  the  care  of  Alan,  King  of  Armorica.  This  Ivor,  Caradoc 
says,  is  he  who  the  Saxon  writers  call  Ive  and  lew,  King  of  the 
West  Saxons,  that  reigned  after  Cedwall.  A  MS.  of  John 
Castor  or  Bever,  quoted  by  Dr.  Powell  [Caradoc,  p.  16),  makes 
both  Ivor  and  Henyr  to  be  sons  of  the  daughter  of  Cadwaladr, 
King  of  Britain,  and  that  they  came  over  from  Ireland ;  and 


CELTIC  REMAINS-  435 

makes  Inas,  King  of  West-Sex,  to  oppose  them,  and  that  this 
Inas  laid  siege  to  the  Castle  of  Snowdon  (perhaps  Penmaea 
Mawr),  and  took 

Ynyr,  King  of  Gwent  (according  to  BtLchedd  Beuno)  gave 
Beuno  a  gold  ring  and  crown,  and  became  a  monk  and  a  disciple 
under  Beuno,  and  gave  him  three  estates  in  Euas,  and  the 
people,  with  their  goods  and  chattels,  in  those  divisions.  See 
Iddon  ap  Ynyr. 

Ynyr  Fychan  ;  hinc  family  of  Byners  or  Ab  Ynyr. 

Ynys  is  a  most  ancient  Celtic  word  prefixed  to  the  names  of 
places,  and  signifies  an  island  or  spot  of  ground  surrounded  by 
water.  Old  orthography,  enes ;  in  the  Greek,  Tieaos ;  Lat.,  insula; 
Cornish,  ennis;  in  the  Armoric,  enezen  ;  in  Irish,  innshe ;  in  the 
Scotch  Irish  [itisA].  Hence  Totness,  Cathness,  Sheerness,  etc., 
and  not  from  nose. 

The  Isle  of  Britain  had  these  names  in  ancient  times : — 

1,  Clas  Merdin  (TV.). 

2,  Ynys  Fel  (IV.),  Y  Fel  Ynys. 

3,  Ynys  Prydain  (Tr.)  and  Ynys  Bryt. 

4,  Ynys  y  Cedym  (Prov.),  the  Isle  of  Heroes. 

5,  Y  Wen  Ynys  {Tyssilio),  or  Albion  {Gal/rid). 

The  three  islands  once  belonging  to  North  Wales  were — 

1,  Mon,  Anglesey,  called  also  Yr  Ynys  Dowell. 

2,  Manaw,  the  Isle  of  Man. 

3,  Ynys  Wair,  Lundey  Isle. 

Tair  rhag  ynys  tir  Gwynedd  : 

Ynys  F6n,  Ynys  Fanaw 

Ynys  Wair  dros  Ddendr  draw. — L,  0,  Culhi 

The  adjacent  islands  of  Mon : 

1,  Ynys  Seiriol,  Priestholm  Island. 

2,  Ynys  Llygod,  or  Ynys  Moelvre. 

3,  Ynys  Gadani,  against  Dulas. 

4,  Ynys  Amlwch,  East  Mouse. 

5,  Ynys  Badrig,  Middle  Mouse. 

6,  Ynys  Bigel,  West  Mouse. 

7,  Ynys  y  Moebhoniaid,  Skerry  Isle. 

8,  Ynys  Gybi,  makes  Holyhead  Harbour. 

9,  Ynys  Arvv,  North  Stack. 


436  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

10,  Ynys  Lawd,  South  Stack. 

11,  Ynys  y  Gwylyn. 

12,  Ynys  WeUt. 

13,  Ynys  y  Meibion. 

The  adjacent  islands  of  Caernarvonshire : — 

1,  Ynys  Enlli,  Bardsey. 

2,  Ynys  y  Gwylyn. 

3,  4,  Ynysoedd  Tudwal,  i.e.,  St.  Tudwal's  Islands. 

On  the  coast  of  Meirion : — ^Ynys  y  Brawd,  at  the  entrance  of 

Abermo. 
On  the  coast  of  Cardiganshire  : — ^Ynys  Aberteifi. 
On  the  coast  of  Penfro : — Ynys  Hyrddod,  Kamsey  Isle,  and  its 

adjacent  islands : 

1,  Esgob, 

2,  Bhosson. 

3,  Deufych. 

4,  Emskym. 

5,  Eilin  a'r  Canonwyr. 

Y  Scarlas,  at  Solvach ;  St.  Bride's  Isle,  at  Goldtop ;  Walis  or 
Gresholm  ;  Skomar ;  Skokam ;  Ynys  Pyr,  or  Caldey,  at  Tenby ; 
Ynys  Arddon  on  the  coast  of  Wales  (BtuJudd  Or.  ap  Cynan.) 

Ynys  Adar,  Skerries  {Humph.  Lloyd) ;  Edron  Nesos  of  Pto- 
lomy. 

Ynys  Dowell  (Yr),  Anglesey. 

Nos  da  fo  i'r  Ynys  Dowell 

Ni  wn  oes  un  ynys  well. — L.  01.  Cothi. 

Yr  Ynys  Dowell  cell  cerdd 
Y  gelwid  M6n  wegilwerdd. 
Vid.  M6n. 

Ynys  Greigiog,  a  gentleman's  seat  (J.  Z?.)  in  Cardiganshire. 
Here  [was  bom]  the  famous  Edward  Llwyd,  Keeper  of  the  Ash- 
molean  Museum,  and  author  of  Archceologia  BrUannica  and 
Lithop\hylacii  BrUannici  Ichnographia],  His  mother  was  Mary 
Pryse  of  Ynys  Greigiog,  a  branch  of  the  Pryses  of  Gogerthau ; 
and  his  father  was  Charles  Lloyd  of  Llanvorda,  an  extravagant 
young  fellow,  who  sold  Llanvorda  to  Sir  W.  WiUiams. 

Ynys  y  Maengwyn,  a  gentleman's  seat  in  Meirionydd. 

Ynys  Waith,  the  Isle  of  Wight.     See  Owaitk 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  437 

Yrth,  the  surname  or  cognomen  of  several  persons,  supposed 

"by  Mr.  H.  Rowlands  to  mean  urddy  or  honourable ;  but  I  believe 

not,  for  the  poets  took  care  to  pronounce  it  Yrth.   See  Gyrth  in 

Diet. 

Brjchan  Yrth  breichiau  nerthawg. — J),  op  GhoUym^ 

Einion  Yrth  was  son  of  Cunedda  Wledig,  a  Prince  of  the  north 
of  Scotland,  drove  from  thence  by  the  Scots.  Hence  Caer  Einion 
Yrth  in  Montgomeryshire.     Vid.  Cuiiedda  Wledig, 

Yrwith,  of  Caerllion,  a  courageous  Briton,  that  defended  it 
against  the  forces  of  Henry  IL  {Camden  in  Monmouthshire.) 
Qu.  whether  lorwerth  ? 

Yryri  {Thos,  Williams),  rectft  Eryri  or  Eiryri,  which  see. 

YsBWYS  ap  Cadrod  Calchfynydd. 

YsBYDDADDG,  enw  lie.    Ifan  Llwyd  o  Ysbyddadog. 

YscAR,  river,  qu.  ?  Aberysker  on  the  river  .Wysg.  (Mor- 
den's  Map.) 

YscEWYN.  Perth  Yscewyn  Yngwent  {Tr.  5),  one  of  the  three 
principal  ports  in  Britain,  now  Newport,  or  the  mouth  of  the 
river  Wysc.  Qu.  why  they  are  called  principal  ?  See  Forth 
Wygyr,  and  Forth  Wyddno.  By  Camden^  Perth  Skeweth ;  by 
Marianus,  Forth  Skith,    Vid.  Skeweth. 

YsGAFNELL,  mab  Dysgyfedawc,  killed  Edelfred  brenin  Lloegr, 
i.e..  King  of  Loegria. 

YsGEiFiOG,  a  place  in  Flintshire ;  another  in  Anglesey,  Llan- 
vihangel  Ysgeifiog,    Probably  from  ysgaw,  i,e.,  a  place  of  elders. 

YsGETHiN  river,  near  Abermaw,  Meirion. 

YsGOTTiAiD,  or  Ysgwydiaid,  or  Yscottyeit,  Ysgqdogion,  Irish 
or  ancient  Scots. 

Ysgodogion  dynion  lledffer. — Meilir, 

YsGODOG,  a  Scot. 

Gwyddyl  diefyl  duon 
Ysgodogion  dynion  lledffer. 

Meilir  Brydydd^  i  Drahaem,  about  1100  qu.  ? 

An  opprobrious  name,  from  their  hiding  in  wood,  or  cysgod, 
shade. 

YsGOR  Gadvan.  (Cynddelv),  i  H.  ap  0.  Gwynedd.)  Qu.  whe- 
ther Dol  Gadvan  ?    [Esgair  Gadfan.—  W.  2?.] 


438  CELTIC   REMAINS. 

YsGROETH,  one  of  the  sons  of  Glam  Hector,  Prince  of  the  Irish 
Scots,  who  took  Dalrieuda,  which  I  suppose  to  be  Argile.  It  is 
probable  Cunedda  Wledig  was  of  these  parts,  or  near  Clwyd, 
Vid.  Olam  Hector. 

YsGWYDiAD,  a  people  of  North  Britain  and  of  Ireland,  sup- 
posed to  be  colonies  of  Scythians ;  so  called  from  their  wearing 
ysgwyd,  a  shield  Others  derive  Scythians  from  saethu,  to  shoot 
The  Scots  of  Argyle  was  the  first  colony  of  Scots  that  came 
from  Ireland  to  North  Britain ;  from  whom  North  Britain,  which 
the  old  Britains  called  PrydyUy  came  to  be  called  Scotland ;  and 
by  the  Britains  Esgottlond,  as  it  is  called  in  the  British  copy  of 
Tyssilio.     See  EsgoitUmd  and  Ysgodog. 

YsGWTX  ap  Llywarch  Hen :  vid.  Hvnjsgwyn, 

YsGWYTTiR,  or  Ysgottlond,  Scotland.  {E.  lAwyd)  Vid.  Esgott- 
lond  (Brut  y  Brenhinoedd), 

YsGYRYD  Fawr  (L.  GL  Cothi),  a  mountain  in  Monmouthshire. 

YsGYTHKOG  (n.  1.).  Pcntre  Ysgythrog,  in  Llansanifred  parish, 
a  place  in  Brecknockshire.  Wrote  also  Ysgithrog.  Hence,  pro- 
bably, Brychwel  Ysgythrog.     Vid.  Brychwd. 

YSPADDADEN  (n.  pr.  v.).  Yspaddaden  Ben  Cawr  o'r  Gogledd, 
a  chief  Prince  of  North  Britain  in  the  time  of  Uthur  Bendragon, 
father  of  Olwen,  which  see. 

YsPYS  :  see  Goed  Yspys,  the  Wood  or  Forest  of  Yspys. 

YSPYTTY  Ieuan.  There  are  several  places  of  this  name,  where 
the  Hospitallers  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  resided,  the  Church  of 
Eome's  militia.  In  the  deanery  of  Ehos,  in  Denbighshire,  a 
church  and  parish.  Yspytty  Cynwyn ;  Yspytty  ar  Ystwyth ; 
Yspytty  Ystrad  Mejrrig.     Vulgo  Spitty, 

YsTRAD,  an  ancient  Celtic  word  in  the  composition  of  the 
names  of  places,  and  signifies  a  road  in  a  valley  or  plain  between 
hills.  See  Strai  and  Strath,  Eoads  for  marching  of  armies 
along  rivers  caused  those  plains  to  be  called  Ystrad  (k  ys  and 
trued), 

Ystrad  Enni,  in  Eadnorshire.  [Llanddewi  Ystrad  Enni,  near 
Llandrindod.—  W,  2>.] 

Ystrad  Peithyll,  a  castle  of  the  Normans  near  Aberystwyth, 
A.D.  1116,  which  Gruff*  ap  Ehys  took,  and  slew  all  within. 
{Pawel  in  Gr.  ap  Ehys.)     See  FeithylL 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  439 

YsTRAD  Tnog,  Llanidloes. 

YsTRAD  Cennen,  or  Ystrad  Cyngan,  a  castle  taken  by  Rys  ap 
Gmffydd,  A.D.  1152. 

Ystrad  Marchell,  one  of  the  three  coramots  of  Ystlyc  Hun- 
dred, and  part  of  Powys  Wenwynwyn.  (Price,  Descr,)  An  Abbey 
in  the  parish  of  Gnildsfield,  Strata  Marcella,  built  by  Yw.  Cyf- 
eiliog.  (*/.  D)    Vid,  MarchelL 

Ystrad  Dyfydog,  Glamorganshire. 

Ystrad  Gynlas,  Glamorganshire. 

Ystrad  Welltau,  Brecknockshire. 

Ystrad  Meuryg  (filio  Roderii  Magni  Cambriaa  Principis  de- 
nominata,  qui  in  fluvio  Meuryg  fuit  submersus,  unde  et  fluvius 
ipse  postea  Amnis  Meuryg  dictus),  a  village  in  Cardiganshire, 
and  a  castle  which  Gilbert,  Earl  of  Strigill,  had  built  at  that 
place,  and  held  in  the  year  1116  by  his  Normans.  (Powel.)  Here 
Lleweljm  ab  lorwerth  fought  his  sixth  battle.  (Vid.  Cylch  Zleiv- 
elyn.)  This  Castle  was  on  the  narrow  pass  between  Aberyst- 
wyth and  Ros  Fair,  and  commanded  edl  that  country. 

Ni  safei  rbagddyn  rwych  pell 

Nao  aer  na  chaer  na  cha stall. — Cylch  Llewelyn, 

Ystrad  (Cantref),  one  of  the  five  cantrefs  of  Berfeddwlad, 
containing  the  conimots  of  Hiraethog  and  Cynmeirch.  (Price, 
Descr,) 

Ystrad  Alun,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantre'r  Rhiw  in 
Powys  Vadog,  now  part  of  Flintshire.     (Price,  Descr,) 

Mwy  gofal  Ystrad  Alyn 

Ym  maen  a  dwr  am  un  dyn. — I.  ap  Bowel, 

Ystrad  Yw,  one  of  the  three  commots  of  Cantref  Canol, 
Brecknockshire.     (Price,  Descr) 

Ystrad  Gwyn,  near  Maes  y  Pandy,  in  Meirion.  In  a  bog 
here  a  gilt  coffin  of  wood  with  an  extraordinary  large  skeleton 
in  it,  was  found  in  the  year  1684.   (E.  liwyd.  Notes  on  Camden) 

Ystrad  Fflur,  a  monastery  formerly  of  Cluniac  monks.  This 
Abbey  was  in  Henry  VII's  time  under  the  same  Abbot  with 
Ystrad  Marchell  and  Aberconwy,  one  Davydd  ap  Owain  Abbot. 

Ystrad  Clwyd,  a  country  in  Scotland,  on  the  river  Clwyd, 


440'  CELTIC  REM  A I NS. 

where  the  Britons  kept  their  ground  till  about  the  year  880, 
when  they  were  allowed  by  Anarawd  to  dispossess  the  Saxons 
of  the  country  between  Chester  and  Conwy.  These  are  called 
in  Asser  Menevensis,  a.d.  875,  Stradcludenses  and  Strecle- 
denses ;  in  the  Saxon  Chronicle,  Straecled  Weales  and  Stretled 
Weales.     Vid.  Ystrad  Meuryg. 

YsTRAD  YsTWYTH,  now  Called  Cwm  Ystwyth. 

Llwyth  llewdir  Ystwyth  Ystrad. — Gylch  Llywelyn. 

This  was  Llywelyn^s  fifth  battle. 

Ystrad  Carmaig,  the  place  where  Dyfnwal  Frych  (Domnal 
Brec)  was  killed  in  battle  by  Hoan,  King  of  the  (Northern) 
Britains.     {Ogygia,  p.  478.) 

Ystrad  Ychen,  Ikenild  Street,  or  Stratum  Icenorum,  one  of 
the  four  ancient  roads  made  by  Dyfnwal,  and  perfected  by  Beli, 
King  of  Britain,  afterwards  called  Boman  Ways ;  the  other 
three  being  Ystrad  Waedling,  Watling  Street;  Ystrad  Ffos, 
Fosse  ;  and  Ystrad  Ervin,  Erminge  Street.  They  are  mentioned 
in  the  Laws  of  Edward  the  Confessor,  c.  12. 

Ystrad  Tywy  contains  several  cantrefs, — Hirfryn,  Mallaen, 
Maenor  Bydvey,  etc.     Eightly  Tywi  or  Towi. 

YsTRYWAiD,  a  street  in  Brecon. 

Y  Grog  — 

Y  sydd  draw  yn  Ystrywaid 

Ystor  uwch  ben  cor  i  caid. — Hytoel  Dafydd. 

YsTRWYTH  river.  Aberystrwyth,  Glamorganshire,  qu.  ?  [Aber- 
ystrwyth  is  in  Monmouthshire. —  W,  D.] 

YsTRWYTH  ap  Marwystl  ap  Marchweithian. 

YsTUM,  the  bend  or  turn  of  a  river,  etc. 

YsTUM  Anner,  deanery,  Merioneth,  one  of  the  three  commots 
of  Cantref  Meirion.     (Price,  Descr,) 

YsTUM  Cegid. 

YSTUM   COLWYN. 

YsTUM  Tyhen,  or  Tuan. 
YSTUM  Llaeth. 

YsTUMDWY.  Llanystumdwy  (vulgo  Ystindwy),  Caernarvon- 
shire. 

Ystum  Gwili,  Caermardenshire. 


CELTIC  REMAINS.  441 

YsTUM  Wallon,  a  gentleman's  seat.     {J,  D) 

YsTUMLLYN,  Caernarvonshire. 

YsTUM  Llwynarth,  a  castle  in  South  Wales,  near  or  in  Gwyr 
land,  A.D.  1215.  (Powel,  Oaradoc,  p.  272.)  [Ystum  Llwynarth 
is  on  Nedd  river,  not  far  from  Gwyr  in  Glamorgan. — /.  M.] 

YsTWYTH  river,  the  Stucda  of  Ptolomy.  Hence  Aberystwyth, 
a  town  and  castle  in  Ceretica ;  Lat.  Aheristyvium,  (AinsworiK) 
There  falls  many  small  rivers  into  Ystwyth,  as  Diliw,  etc. 

YsTYPHANT,  Stephanus, 

YsTYWTTH  ap  Ednywain  ap  Gwrydr. 

YwAiN,  Ywgain,  Iwgein,  and  Ewein  (n.  pr.  v.),  wrote  also 
Owain ;  by  the  modems,  Owen ;  it  is  Latinized  Eugenius  and 
Audeonus  [Audoenus — W.  D.],  Owenus. 

Owain  ap  Urien  Reged  was  one  of  King  Arthur's  generals,  and 
famous  for  his  exploits  in  war.  (TV.  9.)  Owen  ap  Urien  a  fu 
rhwng  y  porth  a*r  &g  lie  rhoes  Eluned  ei  modrwy  iddo  iw  guddio, 
ac  felly  y  diengis.  (Z).  J.)  {Ystori  larlles  y  Ffynnon)  See  Elu- 
ned.     See  Reged. 

Yw^AiN  Brogyntyn. 

YwAiN  ap  Gruffydd  y  gelwir  Gwyn  ap  Gruffydd  yn  iawn  enw. 
{Llyfr  Ache,  fol.  114.) 

YwAiN  Danwyn. 

YwEiN  TuDUii :  see  Owain, 

YwAiN  Cypeiliog,  lord  of  what  hath  been  since  called  Powj-s 
Wenwynwyn.  He  was  son  of  GruflFudd  ap  Mredydd  ap  Bleddyn. 
He  was  an  excellent  poet  and  as  great  a  warrior.  He  married 
Gwenllian,  daughter  of  Ywain  Gwynedd,  King  of  North  Wales. 
"We  have  [some]  of  his  works  extant,  as  also  of  his  brother-in- 
law,  Howel  ap  Owain  Gwynedd. 

Ywain  Cyfeiliog  founded  the  Monastery  of  Ystrad  Marchell. 
{MS?j  He  had  a  son  called  Gwenwynwyn,  from  whom  Powys 
Wenwynwyn  took  its  name.    He,  in  the  year  1163,  took  the 

Castle  of  Carreg  Hova  from In  the  year  1166  took  part 

of  Powys  from  lorwerth  Goch.  In  1167  Owen  Gwynedd  and 
Rhys,  Prince  of  South  Wales,  drove  0.  Cyfeiliog  out  of  his 
lands,  and  gave  them  to  Owen  ap  Madog  ap  Mredydd ;  but  soon 
after  Owain  returned  with  Normans  and  English  to  recover  his 
country,  and  took  Castell  Caer  Eneon.     In  1170  Rhys,  Prince 

56 


442  CELTIC  REMAINS. 

of  South  Walea,  subdued  Owen  Cyfeiliog,  and  took  pledges  of 
liiuL     He  died  a.d.  1196. 

YwEiN  Glyndwfr  wrote  his  name,  in  his  letter  to  the  Welsh, 
Ywein  ap  GrufTuth,  Lord  of  Glyn  Dwfrdwy. 

YwEiN,  mab  Macsen  Wledig,  one  of  the  tri  Cynweisiad  Ynys 
Piydain.     (2V.  19.) 


FINIS. 
.VatT.  20th,  1779. 


lokdon: 
t   rich.vkds,  37,  01.bat  qubiit  stbbir,  w.o. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS, 


h  SUPPLEMENT 


%,xt^W3hsta   €«mhttmk, 


I  JOCEITAL  OF  THE  CAMBBtiN  AECaSOIXKJIOAL 

ASSOOIATIOU. 


lOmiON: 

J.    PABKEB,    S?7,    STSAND. 

1877. 


LONDON ; 
T.  BICHABDS,  37,   GBXAT  QVBSIT  8TBBBT,  W.C. 


PREFACE. 


The  volume  now  brought  to  a  close  contains  many 
"Original  Documents",  for  which  the  thanks  of  mem- 
bers are  specially  due  to  those  gentlemen  who  have 
not  only  supplied  the  material,  but,  what  is  far  more 
important,  have  also  elucidated  it  by  notes  and  ex- 
planations. Particularly  we  draw  attention  to  the 
'*  Survey  of  the  Lordship  of  Bromfield  and  Yale",  made 
in  1620  by  John  Norden,  father  and  son,  and  now 
edited  by  Mr.  J.  T.  W.  Lloyd, — ^a  work  full  of  valuable 
information  bearing  upon  the  topography  and  the 
families  of  Maelor  Gymraeg ;  and  to  the  "Glamorgan- 
shire Charters",  edited  by  Mr.  G.  T.  Clark,  F.S.A.,  so 
important  and  essential  to  the  understanding  of  the 
history  of  that  county,  which  he-  of  all  others  is  most 
competent  to  tmdertake.  Both  these  valuable  contri- 
butions will  be  continued  to  their  completion  as  space 
and  opportunity  afford. 

The  accompanying  table  of  contents  will,  it  is  hoped, 
be  found  suflScient  for  the  purpose  of  reference  to  its 
pages. 


f 

1 


i 


.n 


CONTENTS. 


ri.oi 


i> 


99 


i.     An  Extract  or  Abridgment  of  all  the  "  Platte  and  Bellys  of 
all  &  everye  Paroche  withen  the  Countje  of  Pembrok". 
Ditto,  Caermarthen. 
ii.     Hundred  of  Kelynoke. 
Ditto,  Derws. 
Ditto,  Elvet. 
iii.     Ditto,  Pervetb. 

„  St.  Asaph  fi'om  the  Welsh  Records. 
iv.  WiU  of  the  Rev.  Philip  Lewis,  M.A. 
vii.    Inventory  of  the  Goods,  etc.,  of  ditto. 

z-lxxii.    Beanmaris  Castle,  Documents  relating  to,  e.g. : 
X.     Grant  to  Gronw  ap  Tudor,  5  Ric.  IT. 
„     Ditto,  to  Henry  Percy,  Earl  of  Northumberland, 

1  Henry  IV. 
xi.    Proposed   Grant  of  Lands   to  John  Moyle   and 

Humphrey  Owen,  13  Henry  VIII. 
„      Return  of  the  State  of  the  Castle  and  Armature, 
xiii.     Concerning  the  State  of  Beaumaris  Castle,  1536. 
xiv.    Extent  of  Burgages,  Lands,  etc. 
xviii.     Comp.  Ballivor,  9,  10  Edward  HI. 
xix-lxxii.     "  Soluo*  facte  pro  Oper'  Cast'i." 

Ixxiii-lxxxvi,  clxxv-cxci.     Glamorganshire  Charters  : 

Ixxiii.     "  Carta  Roberti  Hamonis  Filii",  12  Henry  VII. 

Confirmation  Charter  for  Tewkesbury  Abbey. 
,t  "  Carta  W*mi  Comitis  Gloucestrie  Dapifero  suo." 
Izxiv.    ''Carta  Matildis   Comitisse  de   Gloucestrie,  &c., 

Aline  Comitisse  de  Norfolcie",  4  Edw.  I,  1273, 


VI 


CONTENTS. 


VAOB 


Izzvi. 

Ixxyii-lzzz. 

Ixxx-cviii. 

Izzz-lzzzvi. 


Family  of  Came  of  Nash. 

Fire  Charters  relating  to  Dalden  Family. 

Twenty-two  Charters  relating  to  Came  Family, 

the  Manor  of  Nash,  and  Lands  in  Llanblethian. 
Six   Charters  relating   to  the  Alienation   of  the 

Manor  of  Nash  from  the  Chnrch  of  Llandaff. 


clxxv.     Three  Charters  of  the  Manor  of  Leckwith : 

clzzviii.     *'  Carta  Bicardi  Comitis  Glonces tries." 
clxxix.     "  Carta  Nicolai  de  Sandford." 
clxzx.     "  Carta  Laurencii  de  Sandford." 


clxxxii. 
clxxxiii. 
clxxxiv. 

clxxxvi. 
clxxxvii. 


Clearwell,  a  Kediford  Charter  relating  to. 

"  Carta  Nestss  fiP  lorwerth."    (Came  MSS.)     Item  cxc. 

**  Carta  Johannis  ap  John."    Item  cxc. 

Dinas  Powis,  Court  Boll  of  Lord  l^rooke,  1674. 

"  Carta  Will'mi  Abbatis  S'ti  Angustini",  a.d.  1531. 

Grant  by  Hoel  Came,  of  Cowbridge,  of  Lands,  etc. 


cxi-cxliii,  cxci-occlviii.  Survey  of  the  Lordship  of  Bromficld  and 
Yale,  taken  by  John  Norden,  Senior,  and  John  Norden, 
Junior,  on  the  Attainder  of  Sir  William  Stanley,  Knt., 
in  1620. 

cxi.     Manor  of  Buabon : 

Free  Tenants,  ^'  Liberi  Tenentes." 

"  On  graunting  of  Leases." 

State  of  the  Lordship,  1564-1620. 

Wrexham. 

Buyabon,  Iscoyde,  Burton,  Fabrorum. 

Esclusham,  Yale,  Chwitherine. 

Cregyog,  Ereris,  Bothugre,  Llanarmon,  Cwen- 

ffynnon,  Abimbery. 
Fabrorum,  Minera,  Cobham  Aimer,  Pickill. 
Extracts  from  Becords  of  Holt  Castle,  a.d.  1564. 
Orders  by  Lord  Treasurer  and  Ohanncellor  in 

1563. 


cxiv. 

cxxi. 
cxxiL 
cxxiv. 

cxxv. 

cxxvi. 

cxxYii. 

czzviii. 

» 
cxxxi. 


CONTENTS.  vii 

czzxii.    "  Holte  Franchise,  Yale,  Rnaban,  Abimberj, 

Fabronim,  at  Coed  Cristioneth." 

*  

cxxziv.    Wrexham. 

cxzxvi.  Yale. 

exxxyii.  Eglosegle,  EscIoBliam. 

exxxviii.  Pickill  and  Sestwick,  Gobham  Aimer,  Iscoyde, 

HewlingtoD. 

cxxxix.  Bnrton. 

czli.  DinviUe. 

exlii.  Moreton  Anglicomm,  Bedwall. 

cxd.  March  wheale. 

cxcvi.  Villa  Bhnabon. 

cxcix.  Biton  (Rhwytyn). 

cc.  Bhaabon. 

cciii.     Manor  of  Esclnfiham : 
ccvi.     Brymbo. 
ccxxvi.    Bersham. 

ccxxx.     Manor  of  Moreton  Anglicomm. 

ccxxxiv.     Manor  of  Dynlle. 

• 

cell.     Manor  of  Pickill  and  Seswick : 
cclxv.     Bedwall. 

cdxxi.     Manor  of  Egloisegle  : 

cclxxii.     Moreton  Wallicomm. 

cclxxxii.     Manor  of  Fabromm  : 

cclxxxviii.     Moreton  Anglicoram. 

ccxci.    Manor  of  Abimbery  : 
ccciv.     Arbistock. 

cccv.     Manor  of  Iscoyd : 

cccxix.     Christioneth  Kenrick,  Ruyabon. 

ccoxx.  Sutton, 

cccxxiy.  Caeca  Datton. 

cccxxvii.  Gowrton  Iscoyd,  Eton,  Byeston. 

ccexxviii.  Ruyton. 


Vlll  CONTENTS. 

VA.OB 


ccczziz.    Tsoojd,  Abimbeiy. 
ccczzz.    Erlifibam,  Marcbwheale,  Cacoa  Dufcton,  Eton. 

cocxxxi.     Manor  of  Wrexbam : 

ccczxxiv.    Wrexham. 


cxliii.    Will  of  David  ap  Menric  Yycban  of  Nanney. 

y,        Denbigb  Beceipts. 
cxliv.    Bailtb.     Owen  ap  Menric,  ^'  Inqnis.  post  Mortem*',  27 

Edward  I. 
cxlviii.    Boll  of  Fealty  of  Presentments  on  Accession  of  the  Black 
Prince  to  tbe  Principality  of  Wales,  16  and  17  Ed- 
ward in. 


i 

i 


i 


©rCginal  3:)ocumeiitfl;* 


WREXHAM. 
Harl,  MS.  3696, /o.  67.  ^ 


▲.  B.  P. 


Eedd'  z\J5.  vjd.  ext',  15  or  16  yeres  since  expired. — Henricas  Salus- 
burie^  miled  et  Baronett'  ten't  vnum  teneinentum  adiacen'  iuxta 
finem  occidentalem  Cemeterii  in  venella  dacen'  ad  Glan  yr 
Avon  Et  tria  tenementa  in  vico  vocat*  Highe  Street  iuxta 
Crucem  vocat'  tirgwalchmaii  absq'  aliquo  curtilagio  et  adiacen' 
super  tenement'  Hugonis  Meredith  ex  orientali  parte  per  con- 
cessionem  dat'     ....  ten'te  xl«. 

Bedd'  ijs.  exV,  i  year  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  tenementum 
ofiicinam  et  curtelagiu'  adiacen'  super  borealem  partem  trium 
tenementorum  vltim'  menconat*  concess'  per  dimissionem  dat' 
6'o  Augusti  an'o  Eliz.  22*0  .  .  ten'te  xlvjs. 

Bedd'  iiijd.  ext*,  23  yeres  in  being.-— Kobertus  Puleston  Ar*  tenet 
5  seliones  terr*  in  Wrexham  Vechan  vocat'  Errow  goz'  p'  dimis- 
sionem dat'  decimo  septimo  die  Martii  anno  Begni  Elizabethe 
quadragesimo  quinto         .  .  .  ivj«.  ii^'d.      010 

Bedd'  ijs.  ijd,  exV,  30  yere  in  being. — Bichardus  ap  Ellis  Tuddir 
tenet  tria  cottagia  et  gardina  iacen'per  Glan  yr  Auon  continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  decern  perticas  concess'  per  dimissionem  dat' 
xj'o  Angusti  anno  Jacobi  7*0  .  .3  cottages  xxxs. 

Bedd'  vj9.  ext'. — Barth'us  Edwards  tenet  mum  tenementu'  et  duo 
spacia  edificiorum  curtilagium  et  vstrinam  in  vico  ducen'  ad 
Glan  yr  Avon  per  dimissionem  dat'  xv\j'o  Februarii  a'o  Eliz.  45 

ten'te  xxs. 

Bedd'  vj«.  vigd.  ext',  29  yea'  in  being. — Thomas  ap  John  Bobert 
tenet  vnum  tenementum  cum  officinis  subrellariis  et  aliis  officiis 
necessariis  existen'  tenement'  angular'  in  vico  vocat'  the  Church 
Streete  ex  parte  occidentali  per  dimissionem  dat'  30  Julii  anno 
Jacobo  sexto        ....  ten'te  xb. 

Bedd'  xiij3.  ii^d.  ext',  2  yea'  in  being. — Edwardus  Owen  tenet 
vnum  tenementum  in  vico  vocat'  le  Churchstreete  adiacen' 
Cemeter'  concess'  Dauid  Edwards  per  dimissionem  dat'  x'o  De- 
cembris  anno  Eliz.  23         .  .  .  ten'te  xb. 

Thomas.  Bedd'  ijs.  Gouldsraith  payeth  viij  of  this  rent.  23  yea' 
in  being. — Thomas  ap  Bichard  tenet  vnum  tenementu'  (iure  ^ 

^  Sir  Henry  Salusbury  of  Llyweni  was  created  a  baronet,  Nov.  18,  1690. 
He  married  Hester,  daughter  of  Sir  Thos.  Myddleton  of  Chirk  Castle,  Knight. 

VOL.  II.  b 


il  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A    B.   F. 


Anne  yxoris  eins)  adiacen'  in  oriental!  angulo  vici  vocat'  Church- 
Btreete  cam  officinis  et  cellaiiis  iuzta  Crucem  concess'  p'  dimis- 
sionem  Johanni  Bobert  et  Catherine  vzori  eius  dat*  21  Martii 
a'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  .  .  ten'te  xU. 

Eedd'  vijd.  ext*,  i  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  horrea'  quin- 
que  spacia  edificior  et  pomar*  adiacen'  duo  cobtajj^ia  qaoq'  eidem 
pertinen'  in  Lampint  contin'  p'  estimac'o'em  dimid'  rode  con- 
cess' John  David  Chirothecario  per  dimisaionem  dat'  6'o  Aug^sti 
an'o  Eliz.  22        .  .  i  barcu'  2  cott'  zzs. 

2  yea'  in  being. — Yalentinns  Tilston  tenet  vnnm  tenementam  in 
le  High  Streete  vocat'  Y  Ty  Mawr  cnm  edificinus  qnondam  terr' 

Stockleyet  adiacen' Cemiterio  per  dimisaionem  dat'  decimo 

Decembris  anno  Eliz.  23    .  .  ten'te  zxzi\j«.  iiijd. 

23  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  aliad  tenementam  eidem  ad- 
iacen' cam  officinis  et  curtilag*  in  le  High  Streete  per  dimissio- 
nem  dat'  zv^'o  Febraarii  anno  Eliz.  45  ten'te  zb. 

7  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  quataor  parna  cottagia  et  gardina 
in  vico  sabter  aut  infra  Cemiterin'  ducen'  a  le  High  Streete 
versas  le  Greene  per  dimisaionem  dat*  quarto  Octobris  a'o  Eliz. 
28  .  .  4  small  cottages  zzvj<.  viijd. 

Bedd'  in  toto  zxx\jf.  viijd.  ext',  2  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  duo 
cottagia  et  gardina  ez  boreali  parte  venelle  ducen'  a  Cemiterio 
versas  le  Greene  necnon  octo  parcellas  terr'  ez  orientali  parte 
fori  bestialis  Anglioe  Beast  Markett  in  Bryn  gwian  continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  decem  acraa  terr*  dimisaionem  dat'  decimo 
Decembris  a'o  Elizabeth  23  .  2  cottages  czig«.  iigd.     10    o    o 

He  holdea  by  3  aeverall  leaaea  w'ch  he  ahewea  not,  and  yet 
paiea  hia  rent  for  all  in  grosae,  the  said  leasee  having  aeve- 
rall determinationa. 

Bedd'  iigs.  vjd.  ext*,  23  yea'  in  being. — Hugo  Masaie  inre  Anne 
eiua  uxoria  tenet  vnam  pulchrum  tenementam  habena  aignum 
Corone  pro  termino  vite  auo  et  poat  eiua  deceaaum  remanere 
Edwardo  Owen  filio  Joh'ia  Owen  per  dimisaionem  dat'  decimo 
aeptimo  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45. 

Bedd'  vs.  ezt',  expired  1 1  y.  since. — Gabriel  Goodman  Armiger 
tenet  vnum  messuagium  in  vico  vocat'  le  High  Streete  cum 
cartelagio  eidem  adiacen'  extenden'  vsque  ad  Cemiterin'  per 
dimisaionem  Johanni  Boberta  conceaa'  dat'  27  Maii  anno  Eliz. 
10  .  .  .  .  .  ten'te  xzxs. 

Bedd'  zxd.,  23  y.  in  being. — Johannea  Jonea  tenet  vnam  tenemen- 
tam in  le  High  Street  et  curtilagium  tenemento  adiacen' Gabri- 
elis  Goodman  per  dimisaionem  dat'  decimo  aexto  die  Julii  anno 
Elizabeth  .  .  .  ten'te  xxvjs.  vi^d. 

Bedd'  xxvjd.  ext',23  yea'  in  being. — John  ap  John  veaciariua  tenet 
vnnm  meaaoagium  in  le  High  Street  et  curtilag'  adiacen'  tene- 
mento Johanni  Jonea  per  dimisaionem  dat'  decimo  aeptimo  die 
Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  ten'te  xziijs.  ii^jd. 

Bedd'  ^9.  ijd,  ezV,  23  yea'  at  aapra. — Idem  tenet  vnnm  meaaua- 
giu'  cum  atabalo  officina  et  curtilag'  ex  boreali  parte  le  High 
Streete  adiacen'  tenem'to  Dorothee  Ellia  per  dimiaaionem  dat' 
vl  supra  .  .  .  mesauag'  zxvjs.  vi^d. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  iii 

A.    B.   P. 

Bedd'  xvj(i.  ext'.  Bentall,  ys.,  23  vt  sapra. — Idem  tenet  Tnurn 
clausurain  terre  vocat'  Bae  Dibbin  iacen'  in  Wrezbam  vechan 
contin*  per  estimac'o'em  ynnm  acram  per  dimissionem  dat'  vt 
supra    ......        viij».      100 

Bedd'  mj8.  ijd.  ext'. — Margareta  Garden  vidua  ten't  vnum  tene- 
mentum  in  le  High  Street  cum  officinis  et  ourtilag*  eztenden' 
ad  Cemeteriu'  per  dimissionem  dat'  .  ten*te  xU. 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext'  23  yea'  in  being. — Hugo  ap  Bobert  Chirothecarids 
tenet  duo  tenementa  et  gardin'  in  vico  eabtus  Cemeteriu'  adia- 
cen'  tenemento  Bichardi  Hall  per  dimissionem  (inter  alia)  Bo- 
berto  Bould  dat'  zvij'o  Martii  an'o  Eliz.  45  2  ten'tes  xzvjs.  vi^jd. 

Bedd'  xzd.  ext',  2  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  tenementam 
in  le  High  Street  oum  officinis  et  curtilag'  adiacen'  tenemento 
Hagoni  Meredith  ex  occiden'  et  tenement'  Bichardi  Hopkin  ex 
orien'  per  dimissionem  dauid  Edwards  inter  alia  concess'  dat' 
decimo  decembris  an'o  Eliz.  23     .  .    ien'te  xxvj«.  viijd. 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  clansaram 
terre  vocat'  Biyn  y  Crogwydd  p'  dimissionem  dat'  zvij'o  Martii 
anno  Eliz.  45       .  .  .  .  .  zx<.      200 

Bedd'  xd.  ezt',  2  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  tres  parcellas  terr'  in 
Campo  vocat'  Eaer  on  quaru'  due  parcellas  fuerunt  dimisse' 
Dauidi  Edwards  per  dat'  decimo  Decembris  a'o  Eliz.  23       v\js.      i     i    o 

Bedd'  zd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  aliam  parcel- 
lam  concess'  Boberto  Bould  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  septi- 
mo  Martii  a'o  Elizabeth  B'ne  quadragesimo  quinto  v\js.      100 

vj«.  vi\jd. 

Bedd'  vjd.  ezt*,  23  yea'  in  being. — Bichardus  Hall  tenet  vnum 
tenementum  gardinn'  in  vico  sabtus  Cemiteria  contin'  per  esti- 
mationem  octo  perticas  dimiss'  (inter  alia)  ffrancisco  Lloyd  dat' 
xj'o  Decembris  an'o  Eliz.  45  .  ten'te  xxvj«.  vigd.- 

Bedd*  i^'d.,  23  yea'  in  being. — Bichardus  Trevor  miles^  tenet  vnum 
pulchru'  tenementum  nuper  edificatu'  iuxta  monticulam  ib'm 
vocat'  y  brin  cum  gardino  eidem  a^jacen'  dimiss'  inter  alia  Fran- 
cisco Lloyd  dat'  xj'o  decembris  a'o  Elizabeth  45  ten'te  Its.      010 

Bedd'  3d.,  23  yea'  ut  supra. — Idem  tenet  tria  cottagia  gardin'  et 

stabalu'  simul  adiacen'  in  vico  ducen'  versus  y  bont  bren  per 

dimissionem  concess'  Ffrancisco  Lloyd  dat'  zj'o  decembris  a'o 

Eliz.  45  ...  3  cott'  xzvj«.  vivjd. 

vjd. 

Bedd'  xiij«.  iiijd.  ext',  22  y.  in  being  — Hugo  ap  Bobert  (Bic'us 
Hughes)  Coriarius  tenet  pulchrum  tenementum  cum  curtelag* 
et  gardin'  iacen'  super  montem  ib'm  vocat'  Place  Steward  per 
viam  ducen'  a  Cemiterio  versus  le  Greene  vnum  cottagium  et 
gardinu'  eidem  pertinen'  ex  occidentali  parte  viridis  predict' 


^  Sir  Bichard  Trevor  of  Trefalun,  Knight,  Governor  of  Down  and  Armagh, 
and  Vice- Admiral  of  North  Wales.  He  was  living  in  1638,  being  then 
eighty  years  of  age.  He  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  Boger  Puleston  of 
Emral,  Esq.,  by  whom  he  had  issue  four  daughters ;  and  as  he  had  no  male 
issue,  the  Trefalun  estate  passed  to  his  nephew.  Sir  John  Trevor  of  Plas  Teg. 


IV  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    B.  P. 


Et  vnum  aliud  tenementam  cartelaginm  et  g^ardina'  in  ocoupa- 
c'o'e  Jacob!  ap  John  directe  opposite  adaersus  Place  Steward 
Et  5  clausuras  terre  quaru'  prima  vocatur  Bryn  y  Vagh  cont* 
per  estimac'o'em  quatuor  acras  2'da  que  est  parcella  prati  iacet 
apud  ped«m  eiusdem  3'a  ezisten'  vnu'  alia'  pratu'  eidem  adia- 

cen*  cont'  pdr  estimac'o'em acras  4'a  que  otiam  est  vna 

altera  parcella  adiacen'  vocatur  Eae  denter  5'ta  item  est  vna 
alia  clausura  ibidem  vocat'  Bryn  j  Yellin  per  dimissionem  con- 
cess'  Thome  Wyne  inter  alia  dat'  zr^'o  Martii  a'o  Elizabeth  45 

2  ten'tes,  i  cottage,  viijli.  xs.      900 
M'd'  that  Eae  Denter  is  in  Jane  Trafford's  lease,  dated  prime  . 

Augusti  anno  Elizabeth  28.     Rent  ijcl.,  5  years  in  beynge. 

Bedd'  iijs.  iigd.  ext',  29  yea'  in  being. — D'na  Susanna  Puleston^ 
tenet  libere  vnum  pulchram  tenementu'  cum  curtilag'  et  gar- 
din'  vocat'  Place  yr  Escob  Et  vnum  aliud  messuagium  et  gar- 
dinu'  eidem  pertinen'  in  oocupac'o'e  Evani  Lewes  per  dimissio- 
nem  concess'  Johanni  Edwards  et  Dauidi  Speed  generoso  geren' 
dat'  3*0  Jul^'  anno  regni  d'ni  n'ri  Jacobo  sexto      ten'te  33s.  ^d, 

Bedd'  iiijtf.  iiijd.  ob.  ext'.  (A)  was  surrendered  by  John  Hughes 
to  Jo.  ap  Edward  Vichan  before  had  a  lease  cont'  ordinar'.  23 
yea'  in  being. — Nicholaus  ap  John  Edward  tenet  duo  cottagia 
duo  horrea  aduersus  domu'  suam  manc'onalem.  Et  domum  in 
qua  habitat'  cum  pomario  et  vstrinu  eidem  adiacen'  omnesque  : 

has  parcellas  terraru'  quaru'  Errow  gam  vocata  prima  secunda 
Gwrich  (A)  Coedig  vcha  vichan  tertia  2  parcel!'  in  kae  tan  y  ; 

werne  issa  quarta  y  Kae  Cloie  quinta  un'  parcell'  incluss'  in  Eae 
tan  y  werne  Acton  vcha  iuxta  viam  Kegiam  per  dimissionem 
sibi  inter  aHa  oonoess'  dat'  2i'o  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45 

2  cottages  hijs.  iiijd.      200 

Sedd'  3d.,  23  yea'  ut  supra.— Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  vocat'  yr 
adwy  vawr  quondam  parcell'  terrarum  Bichardi  Smith  per 
dimissionem  vt  supra        .  .  .  vs.      o    2    o 

Bedd'  ixd.  ext',  23  yea'  vt  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam 
terre  prope  domum  suam  manconalem  vocat'  Errow  Evane  ap 
Jenkin  alias  Errow  Vawr  concess'  Hugoni  Bers  per  dimissionem 
(inter  alia)  dat'  17*0  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  6s.      o    3    o 

Bedd'  4d.  ex',  23  yea'  vt  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  in 
Eae  tan  y  werne  vcha  dimiss'  inter  alia  John  ap  Bees  dat'  vt 
supra  et  vltimo  menc'onat  .  .  .  i^s.      o    o  20 

Bedd'  jjd.  ext',  23  yea'  ut  supra.  The  s'vey  was  iuj<i. — Idem  tenet 
vnam  parcella'  terre  in  clausura  vocat'  Aowy  vawr  dimiss'  inter 
alia  Johanni  Thomas  per  vltimo  menc'onat'  .  igs.      o    o  20 

Bedd'  id.  ext',  9  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  quatuor  seliones  in 
clausura  vocat'  Eae  bychan  perquisit*  de  Hugone  ap  Harry  per 
dimissionem  dat'  14  Decembris  a'o  Eliz.  30  .  .  \js.      o    o    8 

Bedd'  iyd.  ext',  2  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  duas  parcellas  terr' 
in  clausura  vocat'  Eae  tan  Gweme  concess'  Dauidi  Edwards 
minori  per  dimissionem  dat'  18  Decembris  a'o  Eliz.  23  2s.      o    o  10 

^  Susanna  Lady  Puleston  was  the  relict  of  Sir  Boger  Puleston  of  Emral, 
and  daughter  of  Sir  George  Bromley. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


▲.    B.    P. 


Bedd'  xvjri.  ext', — I  lem  tenet  quatuor  parcellas  terr'  prima  voca- 
tur  Y  g^vrich  Coedeog  secunda  parcell'  in  Eae  bycban  tertia 
parceir  in  Kae  tan  y  werne  vcha  et  quarta  iacet  per  Eae  Be- 
ceauo'r  concess'  per  dimissionem  inter  alia  Johanni  Edward 
Yaughan  dat'  sexto  Augusti  anno  Eliz.  22*0       .  lujs.  iiijd.       700 

The  Bailiff  receyueth  xd.  more  by  bis  BentaU,  w'cb  he  sayth 
Mr.  Geffreys  must  paye,  and  payeth. 

Bedd'  xijd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being.  Survey  was  i6d. — Joh'es  Nicho- 
laa  tenet  ourtilagiam  et  gardinu'  adiacen'  tenemento  Jane  Ger- 
rard  existen'  ex  parte  occidental!  fori  bestialis  per  dimissionem 
nat'  2i'o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  ten'te  xx. 

Kedd'vjrf.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terre  in  Bryn  gwyan 
prope  le  Beast  Mai'kett  per  dimissionem  dat'  xvg'o  Martii  anno 
Eliz.  45  continen'  dimid'  rode  redd'  .  iija.  iiijd.      o    o  20 

23  yea'  ut  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnum  domum  et  vstrinam  nuper 
edificat'  super  partem  gardini  adiacen'  foro  bestiali  ten't  per 
vltimam  dimissionem  menc'onat      .  .  ,  va. 

Redd'  ii^jd.,  i  y.  in  being.— Will'us  (Widowe)  tenet  vnum  cotta- 
gium  adiacen'  tenemento  Johanni  Nicholas  per  dimissionem 
dat'        .....  cottage  x«. 

Bedd'  xvjd  ext',  23  yea'  ut  supra — Will'us  Gruffith  (Eich'us  ap 
Will'm)  tenet  vnum  tenementum  gardin'  et  officinam  ffabri  fer- 
rarii  iacen'  ex  parte  boreal!  fori  bestialis  per  dimissionem  dat' 
xv\j'o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45    .  .  .  ten'te  xxxs. 

Bedd'  iigd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Bobertus  ap  Hughe  tenet  tria 
parua  cottagia  et  vnum  croftum  in  vico  vocat'  Beast  Markett 
streete  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  rodam  per  dimissionem 
dat'  xvij'o  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45         .  .  3  cott'  xl«.      010 

Bedd'  iiijd.  ext',  23  yea'  ut  tiupra. — Bobertus  ap  Bobert  tenet  qua- 
tuor cottagia  et  gardiiiu'  in  vico  vocat'  le  Beast  Markett  per 
dimissionem  dat'  2i'o  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45      4  cott'  xlvj«.  viijd. 

Bedd'  iiijd.  ext*,  i  x  yea'  expired. — Hugo  ap  Bobert  de  Hoult  tenet 
quatuor  parua  cottagia  ibidem  et  sept  em  seliones  terr'  iisdem 
adiacen'  in  vico  vocat'  le  Beast  Markett  per  dimissionem  dat' 
27'o  Mail  anno  Eliz.  decirao  .  4  cott'  xlvjs.  viijd. 

Bedd'  nijs.  vjd.  ext',  29  yea'  in  being. — Bichardus  Danids  de  Lon- 
don tenet  tria  tenementa  in  vico  ducen'  versus  foru'  bestiale 
cum  pistrino  et  curtilagio  per  dimissionem  concess'  dauidi  Speed 
et  Johanni  Edwards  dat'  30  Jul!!  anno  Jacob!  6 

3  ten'tes  liijs.  iiijd. 

Bedd'  xijd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Joh'es  Dauid  Thomas  tenet 
vnam  parcellam  terr'  iacen'  in  remotiori  fine  de  Estome  vocat' 
Y  dole  per  Rivulum  et  duas  parcellas  ibidem  amplius  continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  vnam  acram  et  dimid'  in  dimissione  Boberti 
Bould  dat'  i  fo  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45  .  xxs.       120 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext'  29  yea'  in  being. — Owenus  Griffith  de  Courton 
tenet  vnum  tenementum  et  gardinu'  in  vico  ducen'  ad  forum 
bestiale  in  occupac'o'e  Edward!  Allingtou  per  dimissionem  dat' 
30  Jul!!  anno  Jacob!  sexto  .  ten'te  xxvj^.  vi\jd. 

Bedd'  xijd.  ext',  29  yea'  vt  supra. — Dauid  ap  Owen  tenet  vnum 


VI  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    R.    P. 


tenementum  et  gardinum  ibidem  adiacen'  tenemento  Oweno 
Griffith  per  dimissionem  dat'  30  Julii  anno  Jacobi  sexto 

ten'te  xzyj«.  yu^d, 

Bedd'  Yuia.,  29  yea'  vt  supra. — Bogerns  Bojdon  Armiger  tenet 
vnam  tenementnm  et  gardinum  ibidem  adiacen'  tenemento 
Dauidi  ap  Owen  ten't  per  dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat  Et 
vnum  aliud  tenementum  officinam  et  curtilag'  in  angulo  vioi 
vocat'  the  high  Streete  verten'  ad  Lampint  ten't  similiter  per 
predict'  dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat  .  ten'te  lis. 

Bedd'  iija.  \j(i.  ezt',  6  y.  since  expired. — Edwardus  Puleston  Armi> 
ger  tenet  vnum  tenementum  et  gardinu'  cum  pomario  adiacen' 
tenemento  Daaidis  ap  John  Bobert.  Et  hortum  in  foro  besti- 
ale  oppositum  dicto  tenemento  per  dimissionem  dat'  xv'o  Junii 
anno  Eliz.  deoimo  quinto  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  dimidiu' 
rode      .....     ten'te  hijs,  iiijd,      o    o  20 

Nicholas  Paleston  did  surrender  theis,  12  Eliz.,  to  the  vse  of 
John  Puleston  his  sonne.    Fine,  39. 

Bedd'  xd.  ext',  23  yea' in  being.— Idem  tenet  vnum  aliud  magnam 
horreum  et  cottagiu'  eide'  adiacen'  existen'  ex  orientali  parte 
fori  bestialis  adiacen'         .  .  cott'  &  bame  xvjs. 

Bedd'  i^d.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Johe's  ap  Kenrick  tenet  vnum 
tenementum  ofBcina  et  gardiniu'  iacen'  in  Hope  Street  per 
dimissionem  dat'  xxj'o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45      .  ten'te  xxtf. 

Bedd'  i\jt2.  ext',  23  yea'  vt  antea. — ^Johannes  Johnson  tenuit  vnum 
tenementum  et  gardinu'  in  vice  vocat'  le  hope  Streete  ten't  per 
dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat         .  tenem't  xxvj<.  vi\jd. 

Bedd'  xd.  ext',  23  yea'  ut  supra. — David  ap  Bobert  alias  Salusbury 

tenet  quinque  parua  cottagia  de  quinque  spaciis in  vico 

inferiori  vocat'  Lower  Hope  Streete  per  dimissionem  dat'  xv^'o 
ffebruarii  anno  Eliz.  45      .  .  .5  cottages  Is. 

Bedd'  \]9.  ex'^  23  yea'  ut  supra. — Dauid  ap  Dauid  tenet  tria  parua 
cottagia  et  gardin'  et  horreu'  curtilag'  et  gardin'  eLtdem  adia- 
cen' in  inferiori  vico  lower  Hoper  Street  necnon  vnam  parcella' 
terre  vocat'  y  £ae  baghe  adiacen'  super  tale  y  gyfer  et  Kae 
Syuor  ten't  per  dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat  continen'  per 
estimac'o'em        .  •  .  .  .  1«.      i     2    o 

Bedd'  yd.  ex*,  23  yea'  vt  supra. — Bobertus  Edvrards  (Edward  ap 
Bichard)  tenet  vnum  horreu'  et  gardin'  eidem  adiacen'  conti- 
nen' per  estimac'o'em  sex  perticas.  Per  dimissionem  dat'  xv^''o 
Martii  anno  Eliz.  45  .  .  barne  &  gard'  xzs. 

Bedd'  zijd.,  rentale  xvjd.  ext'  23  yea'  ut  supra. — Dauid  ap  Hughe 
ap  Edward  tpnet  vnum  tenementum  horreum  pomariu'  et  gar- 
din' in  inferiori  vico  vocat'  lower  hope  streete  continen'  per 
estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  septimo 
die  ffebruarii  a'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  ten'te  zxziijs.  iiijd.      020 

This  was  surrendered  by  Bobert  ap  Jo.  Owen,  i2'o  Eliz.,  to 
the  vse  of  Jo.  Lloyd.  Fine,  2od.,  before  he  had  a  lease 
against  the  order. 

Bedd'  zviyd.ext',  9  yea'  in  being. — John  ap  Hugh  ap  Harry  tenet 
ex  orientali  parte  vici  vocat'  Lower  Hope  Streete  horreu'  gar- 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  vii 

A.   B.   P. 

din'  cnrtilag'  et  3  cottag^  in  dicto  cortilagio  p'  dimissionem  dat' 

zviy  Decembris  anno  Eliz.  30  .  3  cott'  &  bame  zlvj«.  vlijd.      006 

Bedd'  zvivjd.  ext^  9  yea'  in  bein^. — Bicardns  John  ap  Euan  ten't 

iure  Catherine  Gittins  vzoris  eios  vnam  vstrinam et  gar- 

dinu'  adiacen'  tenemento  John  ap  Hughe  ap  Harry  ten't  etiam 
per  dimiBsionem  vltimo  menc'onat  garden;  &c.,  zr<. 

Bedd'  zvi\jd.  ext',  9  yea'  in  being. — Hugo  ap  Ellis  tenet  vnum 
tenementu'  et  gardinu'  ibidem  per  dimissionem  vltimo  menco- 
c'onat   .....  ten'te  zz«. 

Bedd'zd.ezt'. — Owen  Brereton  Armiger  tenet  vnum  tenementum 
et  gardinu'  oum  curtilagio  in  yico  Focat'  Beceauors  streete  adia- 
cen'  tenemento  Badulphi  Edwards  per  dimissionem  dat' 

ten'te  zzvjs.  vi\jd. 

Bedd'  izd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  ynum  tostura  et  gardinum  in  yico 
yocat'  le  hope  street  adiacen'  tenemento  Dauidi  Thomas  per 
dimissionem  dat'  ....  teste  va, 

Bedd'  ijs.  ezt',  one  yea'  in  being. — Bichardus  Hopkin  iure  Cathe- 
rine yzoris  eius  tenet  ynum  tenementum  officinam  et  curtiia- 
gium  in  yico  yocat'  High  Streete  per  dimissionem  dat' 

ten'te  zzzi^'s.  ii^d. 

Bedd'  izd.  ob.  ezt'.  Wants  3  di  ob.  in  this  &  fol.  62  in  the  some 
of  the  rentalle,  239.  izd.  10  yea'  in  being. — Dorothea  Ellis  de 
Alrhey  yidua  tenet  messnagium  gardinum  et  officinam  in  le 
hope  Sti'eete  necnon  nouem  parcellas  terr'  eidem  pertinen' 
iacen'  in  Campus  de  Wrezham  yizt.  ynam  parcellam  yocat'  Kae 
Clau'  in  Maes  y  dreissa  ynam  parcellam  in  Kae  tan  y  weme 
issa  ynam  parcellam  in  Kae  bychan  tres  parcellas  in  Pant  y 
Crydd  duas  parcellas  in  Tale  y  gyfer  et  ynam  paruam  parcellam 
in  Kae  Martin  per  dimissionem  Humfrido  Ellis  concess'  sub 
magno  sigillo  Anglie  dat'  decimo  sezto  die  Januarii  a'o  Eliz.  31 
continen'  per  estimao'o'em  tres  acras  .  mess'  iigU.      300 

Bedd'  z«.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Maria  Dauies  tenet  ynum  tene- 
mentum et  curtelag'  in  yico  yocat'  le  High  Streete  per  dimissi« 
onem  dat'  zy^j'o  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45  concess'  Johanni  ap  Bees 
ap  William  (inter  alia)      .  .  .  ten'te  zzzs. 

Bedd'  \js.  ezt',  23  yea'  in  being.— Hugo  Griffith  alias  Sayer  tenet 
ynum  tenementum  et  curtilagiu'  in  yico  yocat'  le  high  Streete 
et  duo  cottagia  eidem  adiacen'  iuzta  sig^um  rubri  Leonis  per 
dimissionem  dat'secundo  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45    ten'te  lujs.  iiijd. 

Bedd'  uJ8,  ii^jd.  ezt'. — Hugo  Jones  de  Pickhill  tenet  ynum  tene- 
mentum et  gardinu'  in  yico  yocat'  le  high  Streete  adiacen'  tene- 
mento Margarete  Carden  per  dimissionem  dat'  ten'te  zxz«. 

Bedd'  zvjd.  ezt',  23  yea'  in  being. — Thomas  ap  Hugh  Yaughan 
tenet  ynum  tenementum  gardinum  et  curtilagiu'  in  boreali 
parte  yici  yocat'  le  high  streete  ducen'  yersus  forum  bestiale 
per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  sezto  Martii  a'o  Eliz  45 

ten'te  zzz«. 

Bedd'  ziiyd.  ezt',  ezpired  6  y.  since. — Joh'es  Munckfield  tenet 
ynum  tenementum  in  predicto  yico  gardinu'  et  curtilagiu'  con- 
tinen' per  estimac'o'em  ynam  rodam  per  dimissionem  dat'  15 
Junii  a'o  decimo  quinto  Eliz.  .  .  ten'te  zzzf« 


VIU  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A.   B.   P. 

Redd*  xiiyd.  ext*,  23  yea*  in  being.  Will*m  Jones  vjd.,  and  Will*in 
Blackwell  yujd. — Owen  Jones  de  GouHon  gen*  tenet  duo  tene- 
meuta  et  duo  gardina  simul  adiacen*  in  dicto  vico  per  diinisdio- 
nem  dat*  xvj*o  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45  2  ten'tes  liy«.  ivd. 

Bedd'  xxd.  exb'. — Jana  Gerrard  vidua  tenet  vnum  tenementu*  et 
gardinum  in  prefato  vico  adiacen*  tenemento  Johannis  Nicholas 
per  dimissionem  dat'  18  Maii  an*o  Eliz.  xv\j*o  ten'te  xxvjs.  viijci. 

Bedd'  ixd.  ext',  expired  4  y.  since. — Edmundas  ap  Bees  tenet  tria 
cottagia  et  gardinum  in  Lam  pint  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
dimid*  rode  per  dimissionem  dat*  xv^'o  Februarii  anno  Eliz.  45 

Bedd' vijs.  ext*,  23  yea*  in  being. — Franciscus  Baylie  tenet  septem 
cottagia  et  horreum  in  Lampint  vnam  parceUam  terre  indusam 
in  Maes  y  dre  cont'  vnam  acram  et  dimid*  vnam  crofta  iuxta 
Kae  Macror  cont*  dimid*  rode  duas  paroellas  sexdecem  selionu* 
simul  adiacen*  in  orientali  fine  de  Maes  y  dre  issa  cont'  p*  esti- 
mac*o*em  tres  acras  vnum  selionem  ibidem  contin*  dimid*  rode 
vna  aliam  parcellam  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  continen*  tres  rodas 
in  toto  octo  acras  per  dimissionem  ooncess*  Hugoni  Bers  xvij*o 
Martii  anno  Eliz.  45  .  .7  cott'  vj/i.  xiijs.  iiijd.      8    o    o 

Bedd'  ixd.  ext*,  29  yea*  in  being. — Jana  Bandall  vidua  tenet  qua- 
tuor  cottagia  gardina  et  duo  horrea  in  venella  inter  inferiorem 
vicum  vocat*  Lower  Hope  Streete  et  Lampint  Per  dimissionem 
dat*  30  Julii  anno  Jacobi  sexto         .  .  4  cott*  Ixs. 

Bedd*  ixs.  v^d.  ext*«  23  yea*  in  being. — Hugo  Griffith  tenet  vnum 
tenementum  vnum  pomariu*  gardinum  cottagiu'  et  croftum  in 
Wrexham  vechan  vnam  parcellam  terre  iacen*  ex  boreali  parte 
domus  opposite  Duas  alias  paroellas  terr*  vna  vocat*  Y  Kae 
Mawr  et  altera  T  Kae  Twynt  yr  Ty  iacen'  in  Wrexham  vechan 
Et  vnam  parcellam  prati  vocat'  y  weirgloth  vechan  iacen'  iuxta 
montem  d*ni  Bich'l  Treuor  continen'  per  e8timac*o'em  decem 
acras  concess*  per  dimissionem  dat*  xv\j'o  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45 

ten'te  vjlt.  xiijs.  iiid.     10    o    o 

Ad  volunt*.  Bedd*  iy«.  vjd.  ext*,  23  yea*  in  being.  — Owenus  ap 
Bobert  ap  John  Guttynes  tenet  vnum  tenementum  in  Wrexham 
vechan  necnon  vnum  pomarium  et  tres  paroellas  terr*  eidem 
pertinen*quarum  prima  vocatur  Errow  ver  secunda  Acker  Arthe- 
ladd  et  tertia  Errow  vawr  continen*  per  estimac'o'em  vnam 
acram  et  dimid*  Per  dimissionem  dat*  decimo  septimo  Martii 
a*o  Eliz.  45        .  .  .  ten'te  liijs.  ii^d.       120 

This  rent  is  paid  to  the  Becoyvo*r.  Bedd*  Ixxix*.  viyd.  This  is 
not  leased  from  40  yeares  to  40  yeares,  but  as  demean. — Petrus 
Warbarton  de  Lincolns  Inne  Ar.  (Bic'us  Davies  de  London 
mercator)  tenet  Saltum  qui  vocatur  Glyn  Park  nunc  conuers*  in 
terram  arrabilem  in  occupac*o*e  diuersarum  p'sonarum  (partem 
cuius  putamus  esse  in  manerio  de  Wrexham)  Et  duo  molen- 
dina  sub  vno  tecto  et  unu*  cottagiu*  gardinu*  et  curtilagiu*  Ixli.  350  o  o 
We  neither  knowe  the  certeintie  of  the  Bent  nor  date  of  the 
Lease. 
Bedd*  \j«.  ext*. — Bogerus  ap  Bichard  tenet  vnum  tenementum 
in  Wrexham  vechan  vnum  horreum  et  clausuram  terr'  eidem 
tenemento  adiacen'  vnam  alia  paruam  parcellam  vocat'  y  Kae 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  ix 

- ,       „  A.  B.  p. 

ddu    Et  vnam  pamam  paroeUam  terr'  vocat'  jr  Errow  ym  ben 

y  yron  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  ynam  acram  et  dimid'    Per 

dimissionem  dat'  27*0  Mail  an'o  Eliz.  z'o  ten'te  li\j«.  iiijd.      120 

Bedd'  izd.  ezt'  18  yea'  in  being.^Bodulphas  ap  Ellis  faber  ferra- 
rins  tenet  tria  cottagia  et  borrenm  adiacen'  in  Lampint  et  mode 
▼no  eoram  habitat  contin'  p'  eetimac'o'em  decern  perticas  per 
dimissionem  dat'  21  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45       3  oott'  xzvjs.  yi^d. 

Sedd'  z\jd.  ezt',  29  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  tria  alia  cottagia  et 
gardina  iacen'  in  foro  vocat'  le  beast  Market  adiacen'  tenemento 
Ednardi  Pnleeton  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  sex  perticas  per 
dimissionem  dat'  3*0  Jnlii  anno  Jacob!  sexto  3  cott'  xxxs. 

Bodd'  \js.  yd.,  expired  10  y.  since,  ext. — Idem  tenet  duas  parcellas 
terr'  et  quatuor  seliones  in  Maes  y  dreissa  continen'  per  estima- 
c'o'em duas  acras  existen'  quondam  terr'  Boberti  ap  Edward  ap 
Hoell  ap  Maddock  per  dimissionem  dat'  27*0  Maii  a'o  Eliz. 
decimo  .....  xva.      200 

£edd'  xyjd.  ext',  22  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  clansnra'  terre 
vocat'  y  Gwrich  Ooedeog  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  acram 
ooncess'  p'  dimissionem  Boberto  Bolde  dat'  xv^'o  Martii  a'o 
Eliz.  45  .....        Yiijs,      100 

Bedd'  iJ9.  ext',  30  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  duas  alias  pamas 
parcellas  terr'  quaru'  vna  est  in  Bae  bycban  et  altera  in  Maes  y 
dreissa  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  Per  dimissionem 
dat'  3'o  Julii  anno  Jacobi  sexto       .  .  .  vs.      o    2    o 

Bedd'  ixd.  ext',  23  y.  in  being. — Galfridus  ap  Ellis  ffaber  ferrarius 
tenet  duo  cottagia  infra  Cemiterin'  et  gardin'  continen'  per 
estimationem  sex  perticas  concess'  per  dimissionem  dat'  xj'o 
decembris  a'o  Eliz.  45        .  .  .  xrvjs.  vi^d. 

Bedd'  y<.  yd.  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  nonem  seperales  parcellas  terr' 
iacen'  in  Maes  y  dreissa  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  quataor  acras 
qnonda'  terr*  Joh'es  ap  John'  Haghe  .  xxiijs.  iujd.      400 

Bedd'  zijd.  ext'. — Edwardns  ap  Hugh  ap  Harry  tenet  tria  cottagia 
et  vna  parua  officina  in  venella  inter  viou'  vocat'  lower  hope 
streete  &  Lampint  per  dimissionem  dat'  xi\j'o  Decembris  a'o 
Eliz.  30  ...  3  cotf  xxziy«.  ii\jd. 

Bedd'  vjd.  ext'. — ^Idem  tenet  vnam  pamam  paroeUam  terr*  in  Pull 
y  Wrach  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  tentam  per 
dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat'       .  .  .  .020 

Bedd'  xvt.  ext',  i  y.  in  being. — Margareta  vzor  Joh'ia  Sonlley  gen' 
( Bartholomeus  Jones)  pro  termino  vite  sue  et  postea  Barth'us 
Jones  tenent  tres  parcellas  terr'  et  vnum  pratu'  eisdem  adia- 
cen' in  Wrexham  vocat'  Parke  y  llis  Et  etiam  unam  magnum 
horreu'  super  inde  edificatu'  et  alia  edificia  contin'  per  estima- 
c'o'em viginti  quatuor  acras  concess'  p'  dimissionem  dat'  decimo 
decembris  anno  Eliz.  23     .  .  .  .         ixZi.    24    o    o 

The  intire  rent  is  xTijs,  vigd.    John  Boodle  paies  the  rest. 

Bedd'  ii\js.  ext',  22  yea'  in  being. — Bogerus  PoweU  Waker  tenet 
vnam  dausuram  terr*  vocat'  Kae  lloydin  vawr  Dimiss'  inter 
alia  Thome  Jones  dat'  decimo  septimo  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45 

xxii\J9.  ii^d.      300 

VOL.  II.  c 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  B.    P. 


Bedd*  \i«.  iigd.  ext',  7  yea'  in  being.— Idem  tenet  daas  alias  clau- 
Boras  terr'  iacen*  in  Wrexham  vechan  vna  earn'  yocatur  y  Kae 
glasse  et  altera  y  pveme  Per  dimissionem  dat'  prime  Angusti 
anno  Eliz.  28  concess'  Jane  Traffbrd  .  .         xvjs.      220 

40  Bedd'  ±U,  vj<.  vigd.  paid  to  ye  BeceyroV  ext'. — Bogeros  Bellot 
gen'  tenet  vnum  molendinum  aquaticum  vocat'  novum  molen- 
dinum  modo  in  occapac'o'e  Boberti  Poleston  Armiger  per  dimis- 
sionem dat'  .  .  .A  mill  tli.  nlt'a  redd' 

40  Bedd'  xZt.  vj«.  Yvjd,  paid  to  the  Beoeyvo'r. — Idem  tenet  wine- 
turn  ville  de  Wrexham  et  libertates  eiasdem  pro  nundinis  et 
mercat'  ibidem  ten't  .  .  toll  Txli.  vlt'  redd' 

Bedd'  xd.,  22  yea'  in  being  ext'. — ^Margareta  v*  Bobert  vidae  uxor 
Edmundi  Griffith  tenet  vnam  paroellam  terr*  vooat'  Bron  pull 
yr  vivde  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnum  acram  et  vnam  rodam 
Per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  sexto  Martii  an'o  Eliz.  45        x\js.      i     i     o 

Bedd'  x\jd.  ext',  one  year  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parceUam 
terr*  adiaoen'  Bron  pull  yr  vivde  vocat'  pull  yr  vivde  qui  quon- 
dam fuit  commun'  pertinen'  ville  de  Wrexham  et  locus  exoercu- 
tionis  malefactor*  et  nunc  et  longo  tempore  abhuit  incluss'  et 
ten't  p'  Tras  patentee  dat'  xvig'o  Martii  anno  Eliz.  23 

xiijs.  ii\jd.       100 

Bedd'  xd.  ext',  expired  14  y.  since. — Joh'es  ap  Hughe  ap  Edward 
le  Stanstie  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terr*  mariscoseo  vocat'  y  weme 
parcell'  de  Gwain  y  teruin  continen'  per  estimationem  duas  acras 
per  dimissionem  dat'  xi\j'o  Julii  anno  Eliz.  septimo  xvj«.      200 

Bedd'  \j«.  ii^'d.  ext'»  expired  5  y.  since.— Bobertus  Gruffith  de 
Broughton  iure  vxoris  eius  Angharade  pro  termino  vite  sue  ut 
postea  Anna  Tuddir  tenent  vnum  tenementum  et  vstrinam  neo- 
non  vnam  paroellam  terr'  iacen'  per  magnum  stagnum  in  foro 
bestiali  Per  dimissionem  dat'  15*0  Junii  anno  Eliz.  decimo 
quinto  .....        xxxs.      100 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ext',  abont  3  year  in  being. — ^Thomas  Trafford  Ar*^ 
tenet  vnam  clausuram  terr*  vocat'  Kaer  Gu  adiacen'  horreo  suo 
perquisit'  de  Hugone  ap  Harry  et  sibi  (inter  alia)  concess'  per 
dimissionem  geren'  dat'  xiiig'o  decembris  anno  Eliz.  3'o  Beddit' 
apporc'onat'  super  eadem  per  consensum  Edwardi  Hughes  Be- 
oeptoris  et  Will'i  Aimer  deputati  Senesealli  .  x\j«.      120 

Bedd'  vd.  exti'. — Idem  tenet  totu'  illu'  gardin'  seu  parcellam  terre 
vna  cu'  omnibus  edificiis  super  inde  edificat'  in  Wrexham  in 
Com'  Denbigh'  contin'  p'  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  nuper  in 
tenura  slue  occupac'o'e  Hugh  ap  John  Dauid  ap  Howell       xx«.      020 

Bedd' jd.,  about  11  y.  to  come. — Idem  tenet  vn'  selionem  terre 
adiacen'  terr*  Bichardi  ap  Edward  Phillip  super  quem  selionem 
Will'us  Edwards  Ar'  struxit  domum  vocat'  le  Kylne  et  quondam 

fuit  pistrinum que  primissa  putantur  esse  in  Manerio  de 

Wrexham  concess'  per  dimlBsionem  Will'o  Edwards  Armigero 
dat'  7  Januarii  an'o  Eliz.  33  .  .      ten't  xig'f.  iiijd. 

• __^ 

^  Thomas  Traffordd,  of  Trefford  in  Esdusham,  Esq.,  Beceiver  of  Bromfield 
and  laL    Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable. 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XI 

A.  B.  P. 

Bedd'  lid.  ezt\ — Idem  Thomas  Trafford  tenet  vnam  paroella'  teir' 
in  Wrexham  predict'  apud  finem  vnius  dauauro  terre  vocat' 
Eaer  Gu  super  qaam  Will'ns  Edwards  edificabat  vnu'  horreu'  et 
alia  edificia  nuper  in  tenura  Bichardi  Smith  et  tunc  in  tenura 
dicti  WiU'i  Edwards  paix^ell'  manerii  de  Wrexham  zvjs.      o    o  20 

Sedd'  i^'d.  ext',  about  8  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  oroftum 
quondam  terr*  Joh'is  Bdu  adiacen'  le  White  Field  prozim'  Yill' 
de  Wrexham  perquisit'  de  Hugone  ap  Harry  et  sibi  concess'  per 
dimissionem  inter  alia  dat'  zii\j*o  Decembns  an'o  Eliz.  30 

Yjs,  Yiijd.      020 

Bedd'  x^d.  about  21  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam 
terr'  iacen'  in  Estome  perquisit'  de  Bob'to  Bould  et  sibi  inter 
alia  dimiss'  p'  dat'  17*0  Ma^ii  an*o  Eliz.  45  .  .  uis.      o    o  10 

Bedd'  xd.  ext%  about  i  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  aliam  par- 
cellam terre  in  Estome  pred'  adiacen'  priori  parcelle  perquisif 
de  Joh'e  Edwards  gen'  concess*  inter  alia  Dauidi  Edwards  per 
dimissionem  dat'  z'o  die  Decembris  an'o  Eliz.  23  .         mjs.      o    20 

Bedd'  xijd.  ext',  about  21  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcel- 
lam terr*  iacen'  in  Estome  infra  villam  de  Wrexham  perquisif 

de  Galfrido  Hughes  et  sibi  inter  alia  dimiss'  per dat'  16 

ffebruar'  an'o  Eliz.  xj'o  sed  postea  capta  fuit  per  nouam  dimissi- 
onem concess'  inter  alia  Joh'i  Jeffreys  Ar'  dat'  xxj'o  Martii  anno 
Eliz.  45  .....         ii\j«.      020 

Bedd'  Tjd.^  31  y.  in  being  ezt'. — Thomas  Gh>uldsmith  tenet  vnum 
messuagium  seu  tenementum  in  quo  habitat  in  vico  iuxta  eocle- 
siam  ibidem  Per  concessionem  sibi  dimiss'  inter  alia  geren' 
dat'  30  Julii  anno  Jacobi  sexto         .  .  lxvj«.  vigd.  ten'te 

Bedd'  1^8.,  32  yea'  in  being  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnum  tenementum 
in  vico  prope  Bivum  ibidem  cum  pertinen'  per  dimissionem  con- 
cess' Bich'o  ap  Ellis  Tuddir  inter  alia  dat'  ^'o  Augusti  anno 
Jacobi  septimo    ....  ten'te  xxs, 

Bedd'  U„  not  one  y.  in  being  ext'. — Idem  tenet  nouem  officinas 
seu  Bepositoria  subter  le  Shire  Hall  ibidem  per  dimissionem 
concess'  Bogero  Puleston  defuncto  dat'  zv'o  Aprilis  a'o  Eliz. 
vicesimo  primo    ....  shops  c«. 

Nocopie  before  lease.  Bedd'  yrjd.,  about  22  y.in  being  ext'.— Idem 
tenet  vnam  vstrinam  in  vico  subt'  Cemeter'  et  gar- 
din'  eidem  adiacen'  ten'to  Bic'i  Hall  per  dimissionem  concess' 
inter  alia  ffrancisco  Lloyd  dat'  xj'o  December  an'o  Eliz.  45 

a  kilne  xxt. 

Ad  volunt'.   Ko  copie  before  lease.  Bedd'  vjd.  ezt',  expired  about 

12  y.  since. — Idem  tenet  vna'  aliam  vstrinam et  gardin' 

eidem  pertinen'  subter  orientalem  finem  Cemiterii  inter  terras 
Thome  Trafford  Ar*  modo  in  tenura  Joh'is  U'en  ex  parte  occi- 
dental! et  gardin'  d'ni  Bich'i  Treuor  miUtls  quondam  in  tenura 
Thome  Locker  ex  parte  oriental!  et  in  longitudine  a  gardin' 
Hugonifl  Meredith  Ar'  ez  parte  boreaU  vsque  ad  terr*  in  tenura 
diet!  d'ni  Bich'i  Treuor  ez  parte  austral!  per  dimissionem  con- 
cess' Joh'i  Boberts  inter  alia  dat'  27*0  Maii  anno  Eliz.  10 

Kilne  zzyj«.  vi\jd. 

Bedd'  Yjs,  ltd.,  about  22  y.  in  being  ext'.— Georgius  Goldsmith  et 


xii  ORIGINAX  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  A.  P. 


Maria  vzor  eias  tenet  iure  diote  Marie  medietatem  messaagii 
in  vico  vocat'  le  high  Streete  in  quo  Catherine  Jones  yidua 
mode  habitat  Et  omnes  clansuras  terr*  Tocat'  y  weir  glodd  hire 
mode  dioiss'  in  tree  seperales  parcell'  oontin'  per  efitimationem 
quatuor  acras  Per  dimissioDem  dat'  qainto  Jtdii  anno  Eliz. 
44'to  et  solunt  pro  medietate  dicti  mesaaagii  xi\jd.  et  pro  diota 
olaoaure  terre  Y8.  xd.  in  toto  half  of  a  mess'  vjli.  xi\js.  ii^d.      400 

Bedd'  ija,,  about  21  y.  in  being  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnam  dansur* 
terr'  in  Wrexham  vechan  vocat'  Eaer  Cocksuite  al's  Kae  New- 
ydd    Per  dimissionem  dat'  xv\j'o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  xiiij«.      200 

Bedd'  x\jd.  ext'^  31  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  messuag'  nunc 
in  duo  tenementa  diuiss'  et  gardin'  adiacen'  Place  yr  Escob 

dimiss'  Johanni  Edwards  et  dauidi  Speed  inter  alia  per dat' 

30  Jolii  a'o  Jacobi  sexto     .         i  mess*,  now  2  tent',  xlvj«.  vi^cl. 

Bedd'  vigd.  ext',  21  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcella'  terr* 
vocat'  yr  Errow  hire  adiacen'  Weirgloth  hire  concess'  Hagoni 
Bers  inter  al'per  dimissionem  dat'xv\j'o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  iiijf.      020 

Bedd'  i^d.  ob.  ext',  21  y.  in  being. — ^Idem  tenent  ynam  paniam 
parcella'  terr*  iacen'  in  campo  vocat'  y  Kae  Kewydd  existen' 
quatuor  selion'  in  Wrexham  vechan  Per  dimissionem  concess' 
Bob'to  Bould  inter  alia  dat'  dedmo  septimo  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45 
continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vna  roda  .  .    ijs,  vjd.  '    o    i    o 

Bedd*s  v<.  ext',  about  i  y.  in  being. — Michael  Jones  et  Catherina 
Jones  (mortua)  vidua  mater  eius  tenent  totas  illas  parcellas 
terr'  modo  diaisas  in  duas  partes  vocat'  Acton  Moore  al's  gwain 
y  Treuin  contin'per  estimac'o'em  12  acras  per  dimissionem  con- 
cess' Joh'i  ap  Edwards  inter  alia  dat'  decimo  die  Decembris 
anno  Eliz.  23'^    .....        ii\jft.    12    o    o 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  illam  partem 
messuagii  in  qua  predicta  Catherina  habitat' existen'  sig^'  rubri 
leonis  que  est  ab  ingressu  istius  domus  occidental'  et  omnes 
structuras  eidem  pertinen'  Per  dimissionem  eorundem  fact' 
inter  alia  Hugoni  Meredith  dat'xxj'o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  tent'  Ixli, 

Bedd'  jj8.  i\jd.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Dicta  Catherina  tenet 

duo  cottagpla  vstrinam  et  gardin'  in  vico  iuxta  Bivum per 

dimissionem  eorundem  factam  Dauidi  Jones  geren'  dat'  2i'o 
Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  .  .2  cottages  xxvjs.  vi^d. 

Bedd'  vjd.  ext',  expired  10  y.  since. — Eadem  tenet  totu'  ilium  gar- 
din'  et  parcellam  terr*  vocat'  place  y  Kitt  et  vstrinam  cum  alUs 
edificiis  super  inde  remanen'  inter  vices  vocat'  y  place  hen  et  y 
lampint  in  Wrexham  pred'  per  concessionem  eorundem  &ct' 
inter  alia  Bob'ti  Puleston    Dat'  27'o  Mail  a'o  Eliz.  decimo 

ten'te  gard'  xxs. 

Bedd'  ija.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Dicta  Catherina  tenet  totum 
illud  tenementum  et  curtilag*  ex  parte  australi  vici  ducen'  ver- 
sus ad  Oswestrie  in  quo  Bichardus  Maddock  quondam  habitat' 
et  nunc  in  tenura  Will'i  Eenrick     .  .  ten'te  xxxs. 

Bedd'  iiijs.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being.-^Dicta  Catherina  tenet 

vnum  aliud  messuagiu'  et  cellarium  necnon  alia  edificia 

eidem  pertinen'  modo  visitat'  et  occupat'  cu'  vltimo  tenemento 
menc'onato  vt  parcell'  eiusdem        .  mess'  xxx«. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  xiii 

A.     B.     F. 

ThiB  rent  and  vi^d.  in  fo.  63  make  not  np  the  eom'e  the  bailiff 
receyveth  by  vijd. 

These  two  last  recited  tenements  she  holdeth  by  a  demise 
thereof  grunted  amongst  other  things  vnto  fiartholomewe 
Edwards^  bearing  date  the  zy\jth  of  Febraary  a'o  Eliz.  45. 

Bedd'  ya.  zd.  ezt',  about  21  y.  in  being.  Leases,  p.  40. — Margpareta 
WUliams  vidua  tenet  vnam  messuagiam  sea  tenementum  vstri- 
num  et  gardinu'eidem  spectan'  modo  in  propria  saa  occupac'o'e 
£t  ynu'  alium  toftum  sea  vacaam  pecia'  terre  cum  gardino  et 
parcell'  terr'  eidem  pertinen'  adiacen'  priori  messuagio  ex  parte 
orientali  eiusdem  continen'  per  estimac'o^em  vnam  roda'  terre 
qua  messuagriu'  toftu'  gardinu'et  cetera  premissa  simul  adiacent' 
in  Wrexham  in  longitudine  a  via  com'uni  ibidem  ducen'  versus 
foru'  bestiale  ex  parte  australi  vsq'  ad  Lampint  ex  fine  boreaH 
et  in  latitudine  inter  terras  quondam  Joh'is  Owen  et  modo 
HugoniB  Meredith  Ar*  ex  p'te  occidentali  exceptia  tribns  virg' 
in  latitudine  a  media  parte  gardini  Bauidis  ap  John  Goz  exis- 
ten'  terr*  Hugonis  Meredith  predict'  oriental'  et  tenemen'  et 
terr'  Joh'is  Bobert  Yaughan  et  nunc  in  tenura  Thome  ap  Hugh 
Yaughan  ex  parte  oriental!  et  quondam  fuerunt  terr'  Boberti 
ap  John  Owen  et  sibi  (inter  alia)  dimiss'  7*0  Julii  a'o  Eliz.  5 
poetea  dimiss'  (inter  alia)  ffirancisco  Lloyd  per  Tras  paten'  dat' 
xj'o  Decembris  a'o  Eliz.  45  sub  reddit'  decem  denarioru'  pro 
messuagio  et  duoru'  solidoru'  pro  tofto       messuage  Ixvja.  vi^d. 

Bedd'vigd.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Dicta  Margareta  Williams 
(Edrus  Jones)  tenet  vna'  vstrinam  cum  sing^ulis  edifidis  Camera 

et  Sellaria eidem  pertin'  austral'  fini  tenementi  adiacen' 

in  occupao'o'e  Will'i  Benrick  et  ad  scalu'  cemeterii  ecclesie 
ducen'  ab  anni  vsq'  ad  cemeteriu'    .  .  a  kilne  xvs. 

Bedd'  Hiid.,  29  y.  in  being  ext'. — Johannes  Lloyd  de  Eglowisegle 
et  Elizabetha  vxor  eius  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terre  in  Wrex- 
ham Yeohan  vocat'  Eae  gamedd'  Per  dimiseionem  dat'  30  Julii 
anno  Jacobi  sexto  ....  xx«.      200 

This  land  is  in  morgage  to  Humfry  ap  Hughe  Yaughan^  and 
one  other  parcell  of  land,  called  Xaer  lloyn,  for  x2t. 

About  21  y.  in  being.  Leases  40.  Bedd'  xxiry*.  ii^'d.  ext'. — Ed- 
wardns  Crewe  tenet  meesuagiu'  pro  nunc  inhabitat  iacen'  in 
vico  Beceptoris  existen'  diverse  eius  gardino  et  aliis  edifioiis 
eidem  pertinen'  Per  dimissionem  ooncess'  inter  alia  Bob'to 
Bould  dat'  decimo  septimo  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45  i  mess'  cs. 

Idem  tenet  duas  clausuras  terr*  iacen'  in  Wrexha'  Yechan  vocat' 
y  Couye  contin'  i>er  estimac'o'em  quatuor  acras  per  eandem 
dimissionem        .....         xxxa.      400 

Idem  tenetVnam  dausuram  terr'  vocat'  Eae  Marthin  in  Wrexham 
Yawr  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  duas  acras  per  eandem  dimis- 
sionem per  reddit'  •  .  .  ca.     10    2    o 

Idem  tenet  vnu'  selionem  vel  metam  in  Maes  y  dre  Ycha  ducen' 
versus  Eae  Marthin  Et  vnu'  alium  selionem  in  Maes  y  dre 
Ycha  in  qnodam  campo  vocat'  pant  y  Crydd  Per  eandem  dimis- 
sionem continen'  per  estimatione'  dimidiu'  acre 


Xiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


JL   S.   P. 


Idem  tenet  duaa  dansuras  tene  rocat'  Helltie  in  Wrexham  yawr 

contin'  per  estimac'o'em  qoatuor  acras 
Bedd'  in  toto  vjs.  y^d.  ext'. — Idem  Edwardos  Crewe  tenet  vnnm 

pratum  vocat'  Y  Weir  glodd  Vawr  iacen'  in  Wrexham  Vawr     .      600 
Idem  tenet  vnam  claoBoram  terre  in  Wrexham  Yawr  vooat'  Y  Eae 

bychan  oontin'  per  estimac'o'em      .  .  •  .100 

Idem  tenet  vnam  clausuram  terre  in  Wrexham  Yechan  yocat'  Y 

Eae  Newydd  continen'  per  estimao'o'em  vnam  acram  dimias' 

et  tent*  per  eandem  predict'  dimisaionem      .  .  .100 

Bedd'  x^d.  ext'.— Idem  tenet  vnam  clausuram  terre  in  Wrexham 

Vechan  vocat'  Errow  Goz  per  assignatio'em  Badi  ap  Bobert 

Walker  cont'  per  estimao'o'em  vnam  rodam  .  .100 

viyii.      900 

Bedd'  ui».  ii|jd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnum  messuagium  sen  tene- 
mentnm  cum  pertinentiis  in  Wrexham  Vawr  vocat'  y  Brynn 
contin'  per  eetimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  tent'  per  dimissionem  dat' 
decimo  septimo  die  Martii  anno  Eliz.  45       .  mess'  xxxs.      o    a     q 

Bedd' xiijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnum  tenementum  mode  in  horreum 
conuerss'  cum  pertinen'  in  villa  de  Wrexham  Yawr  per  assigna- 
c'o'em  Thome  Trafford  Ar*  et  Jane  matris  eius  Bob'to  Bould 
dimissio  hec  dat'  fuit  primo  Augusti  anno  Eliz.  28      ten't  xxxf . 

Bedd'  v«.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnam  clausuram  terre  vocat'  Kaer 
Beceauor  in  Wrexham  Yawr  Per  dimissionem  dat'  xv^'o  Martii 
anno  Eliz.  45       .  .  .  .        xxxi .      300 

Bedd' xii^'d.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  duas  olansuraa  terre  iacen' in  Wrex- 
ham Yawr  vocat'  pull  y  wraoh  continen'  per  estimationem  trea 
acras  Per  dimissionem  concess'  Dauidi  Hanson  (inter  alia) 
geren'  dat'  xij'o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45  .  .        xxx<.      300 

Bedd' vjd.,  29  y.  in  being  ext'. — Idem  Eduardus  Crewe  tenet  vnum 
tenementum  in  vico  ducen'  ad  fojru'  bestiale  AngUce  the  Beast 
Markett  cum  offidn'  eidem  perfcin'  dimiss'  Johanni  Edwards  et 
Dauidi  Speed  per  I'ras  patentee  dat'  30  Julii  anno  Jacobi  sexto 

ten't  XXV j».  vi\jd. 

Bedd'  lis.  Td.,  about  21  y.  in  being  ext'. — Dauid  ap  Bobert  ap 
Hughe  Yaughan  tenet  vnum  tenementum  et  curtilag'  tene- 
mento  Boberti  Sonlley  Ar*  adiacen'  existen'  in  Yico  vocat'  the 
Beceiuors  streete   Per  dimissionem  daf  i/o  Martii  a'o  Eliz.  45 

tenem't  xxxi\j«.  ii^d. 

Bentall  is  but  ij8„  for  Bad'us  ap  Ellis  payee  xd.  of  his  rent, 
and  yett  the  rentall  for  Bad'us  ElHs  Ib  3d.  more,  fol.  73. 

Bedd'  jaid.,21  y.  in  being.  This  is  charged  in  Esdusham. — Ed- 
wardus  Crewe  tenet  amplius  vnam  clausuram  terr'  in  Wrexham 
Yechan  Glyn  Park  adiacen'  vocat'  y  durva  continen'  per  e8t>> 
mationem  duas  acras  Per  dimissionem  concess'  Boberto  Bodoe 
(inter  alia)  dat'  xv\i'o  M'tii  anno  Eliz.  45  Que  antea  onerata 
fuit  infra  manerium  de  Esclusham  et  solut'  fuit  pro  eadem  Bai- 
liuo  ibidem  .....  xx«.      300 

Bedd'  vi\jd.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Thomas  ap  John  ap  Ed- 
ward tenet  duo  cottag'  horreu'  et  gardin'  continen'  p'  estima- 


ORiaiNAL  DOCUMENTS.  XV 

A.  B.  p. 

tionem  daodecem  perticas  adiaoen'  Le  Spittie  per  dimissionem 
dat'  29  Martii  a*o  EUz.  45  oonoess'  inter  alia  Dauidi  Hanson 

2  cott'  uu.      o    o  12 

li.      8.      d. 

S'ma  total  of  the  pretended  oopieholde  now  held 

by  lease  .....    zliz    xiz    i^  ob. 
The  yearlie  freeholde  rentes  .  .  .  ciz    xj 

It      ix    ij  ob. 


EAELT  DOCUMENTS  RELATING  TO  GLAMOEGAN. 

Thb  charters  here  given  are  taken  from  a  large  collection  of  ancient  records 
relating  to  the  lordship  of  Glamorgan  and  to  the  seignories  of  Gower  and 
Cilyae.  Such  are  selected  as  either  have  not  been  printed,  or  have  been 
printed  imperfectly,  or  in  qaarters  not  readily  accessible,  and  some  because 
new  information  has  been  obtained  concerning  the  persons  who  granted  or 
witnessed  them.  Sach  docaments  are  the  only  safe  soarces  of  the  history 
of  a  lordship  which  beyond  any  part  of  the  Principality  has  been  embel- 
lished, that  is  to  say,  obscured,  by  fiction. 

The  earliest  recorded  document  relating  to  Glamorgan  is  probably  the 
charter  by  Merchiaunth,  son  of  Biderch,  tested  by  Bishop  Gwgan,  who  died 
A.D.  982,  and  which  recognises  St.  Cadoc*s  of  Llancarvan  as  a  religious 
house.  This  charter  is  printed  in  Liber  Landav,,  233 ;  the  New  Monast,,  y, 
1235 ;  and  the  Arch,  Comb,,  1866,  p.  20. 

Carta  RoberU  Hamonis  Filii  Sancte  Marie  de  Teothesburia. 

[P.  B,  0.    Patent,  12  H.  VII,  p.  2,  m.  27.     Confirmation  Cha/rterfor 

Tewkesbury  Abbey.} 

"  Ego  Bobertus  Haimonis  filius  do  Sancte  Marie  de  Teothesburia  brachium 
quod  egpreditur  de  Taf  et  currit  juxta  burgum  et  juzta  ecclesiam  monacho- 
rum  libere  quiete  et  hereditabiliter  pro  amore  Dei  totum  sciUcet  sicut  egre- 
ditur  de  Taf  et  facit  insulam  quousque  reingreditur  in  Taf  ad  faciendas 
piscarias  et  utilitates  ad  opus  monachorum  Do  etiam  et  pratum  quod  est 
juzta  aquam  Sancte  Marie  in  elemosinam  et  maledicti  sunt  qui  hanc  elemo- 
sinam  meam  disturbabunt  Testibus  S.  uxore  mea  B.  de  Haia  A.  de  Walter- 
villa    Gaut  de  Maiseo  et  B.  Alio  Nig.'' 

This  is  thought  by  Mr.  Floyd  to  be  the  only  eztant  charter  by  Fitz  Hamon 
relating  to  Cardiff.  Of  the  witnesses,  the  first  is  his  wife  Sibil,  daughter  of 
Boger  de  Montgomery.  B.  de  Haia  will  be  mentioned  afterwards.  A.  de 
WalterviUe  is  unknown.  Gkkut  or  Ghautier  de  Maiseo  is  Geoffrey  in  another 
charter,  and  GauMd  in  the  Earl  of  Warwick's  "Inspezimus".  The  name 
occurs  in  Somersetshire.  Bobert  de  Maisi  held  nine  fees  under  William  Earl 
of  Gloucester ;  and  Helias  de  M.,  a  quarter  fee  of  William  Malet  in  Somer- 
set. (L.  Nig,,  i,  93,  161.)  The  name  remained  in  the  honour  of  Gloucester  ; 
and  Boger  de  Mesy  held  a  military  fee  in  Cornwall,  40  Henry  III.  Bobert 
de  Meisy,  47  Henry  III,  was  employed  by  Humphrey  de  Bohun  to  prepare 
an  eztent  of  the  lands  of  Earl  Bichu*d  de  Clare;  and  19  Edward  III,  Bobert 
Meyseye  held  Buckhom  Weston  manor,  00.  Dorset.    (Hutch.,  iv,  115.) 


Xvi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bobert  Fitz  Nigel  appears  as  a  giver  of  land  to  Tewkesbury  in  a  cliarter 
of  1 106,  confirmed  28  Edward  I.  He  also  witnessed  a  grant  to  Tewkesbury 
of  the  church  of  Newcastle  by  Bridgend  (N.  Mon.,  ii,  61);  and  he  gave  to 
the  same  Abbey  two  hides  at  Assenton,  co.  Somerset.  In  a  charter  by  Fitz 
Hamon«  relating  to  Cranboume^  there  appear  as  witnesses,  Sibil  his  wife ; 
Pharigins,  Abbot  of  Abingdon ;  Gilbertus  de  Offramvilla ;  Bobertas  de  Haia ; 
and  Bobertns,  fil.  Geze.  Of  these,  Gilbert  de  UmframvOle  held  nine  fees 
nnder  Eaxl  William,  Fitz  Hamon's  grandson.  Some  particulars  concerning 
Bobert  de  Haia  are  preserved  in  the  following  charter : 

Carta  Roberti  de  Haia. 
[N,  Mon,,  w,  633 ;  Heame,  A.  de  Domerham,  ii,  604.] 

"  Ego  Bobertus  de  Haia  et  sponsa  mea  Gundrede  ooncessu  domini  mei 
Boberti  filii  Hamonis  et  sponse  susb  SibilisB  pro  salute  animamm  nostramm 
et  anteoessorum  nostrorum  et  snccessorum  Damus  Deo  et  St*89  Manse  Eocle- 
siffi  de  Glaston*  ecclesiam  de  Basselec  in  elemosinam  etc.  Ooncedimus  eciam 

eoclesisB  Glastoniensi  ecolesias de  Basselech  cum  decimis  et  elemoeinis 

omnibus  et  defunctorum  corporibus  qusB  ad  parochiam  de  Bassalech  perti- 
nent scilicet  ecclesiam  de  Mahhayn  et  ecclesiam  de  Bedewas  et  eodesiam 
de  Menedwisscleluyn  et  ecclesiam  de  Mapmort  et  capellam  de  Coittamen  et 
capellam  de  Pulcrud  etc.  etc.  Hiis  testibus  Willelmo  Yiceoomiti  Kard 
Boberto  le  Sor  Bogero  de  Somen  Bogero  fiUo  Joze  Hereberto  de  St.  Quin- 
tino    Landomaro  Aze  et  ex  parte  Herlewini  Abbatis",  etc. 

Bobert  also  gave  the  mill  of  Baz  or  Boath,  by  Cardiff,  to  Tewkesbury.  (2V. 
If  on.,  ii,  61.)  The  donations  in  De  Haia's  charter  shew  that  Fitz  Hamon's 
conquest  included  Wentloog  and  the  hill  country  to  the  north,  of  which  he 
is  here  seen  to  be  the  chief  lord.  De  Haia  held  lands  also  in  Dorset ;  and  a 
charter  by  Bishop  Boger  of  Sarum  confirms  to  Cranboume  Frioiy  certain 
gifts  by  Bobert  Fitz  Hamon  and  his  knights  in  1109,  and  the  tithe  of  Tarent 
given  by  Bobert  de  Haia.  William  Hai  held  a  fee  of  the  Bishop  of  Exeter 
in  Devon,  and  half  a  fee  of  William  de  Beauchamp  in  Worcester.  {Lib.  Nig., 
ij  115,  173.)  Bobert's  daughter  seems  to  have  married  Boger  de  BerkeroUes, 
the  reputed  builder  of  Bogerston  Castle,  of  which  traces  remain  on  the  left 
bank  of  the  Ebbw  in  Basalleg.  The  effigies  in  St.  WooUos  Church,  New- 
port, are  thought  by  Mr.  Morgan  to  have  covered  their  tombs. 


«t 


Carta  Bogeri  de  Berecheroles. 
[Beoume,  A.  de  Dom.,  H,  607.] 

Sciant  tam  presentes  quam  futuri  quod  ego  Bogerus  de  Bercherolee 
assensu  et  consensu  CecilisB  uxoris  mess  Willelmi  atque  Boberti  filiorum  meo- 
rum  dedi  et  concessi  etc.  Deo  et  ecclesise  S'ts  MarisB  de  Glastonia  et  ecclesio 
S'ti  Beselii  de  Basselech  omnem  terram  quam  Willelmus  pater  mens  eisdem 

ecclesiis  etc olim  dederat qui  incipit  a  capite  pontis  de  Basselech 

et  directa  jacet  usque  Lamecosyn  etc.  etc.  etc.  Hiis  testibus  Cecilia  lixore 
mea  Willelmo  filio  meo  Willelmo  Walense  Johanne  de  Pto  Badulfo  fil. 
Lomeri    Helia  Decano  de  Bassalech' ^  etc. 

There  is  also  a  charter  by  Hoell,  son  of  lorwerth^  son  of  ^non,  of  lands  in 
Basseleoh  to  Glastonbury,  tested  by  "Urbano  derioo  meo  et  canonico  Llan- 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XVii 

davensi  Ivory  filio  Chaeryt'^  etc.  "  Lomeri"  is  probably  a  clerical  error  for 
"Somen". 

These  charters  are  without  date;  bat  Fitz  Hamon  died  1107,  and  Abbot 
Pharigius,  11 17.  Both  charters  are  probably  before  iioo.  William  is  the 
earliest  sheriff  of  Glamorgan  on  record.  He  is  styled  "  of  Cardiff";  bat  his 
power  as  the  lord's  chief  officer  no  doabt  extended  over  the  whole  lordship. 
He  was  evidently  the  bailder  of  the  mill  mentioned  in  Bishop  Urban's  con- 
vention in  1 1 26,  and  to  whom,  with  others,  was  addressed  the  letter  of  Pope 
Calixtus  in  1 1 19.  Whether  he  was  ancestor  of  the  family  of  De  Cardiff  of 
Walton-Cardiff  is  uncertain.  He  mast  not  be  confounded  with  William  de 
Cardiff  who  was  much  employed  by  Bichard  de  Clare  in  Glamorgan  about 
1242-50,  and  whose  precept,  addressed  to  the  sheriff  and  barons  of  the 
county,  is  given  further  on. 

Boger  de  Snmeri  was  ancestor  of  the  baronial  family  of  that  name,  who 
long  held  possessions  near  Cardiff,  and  appear  in  the  local  charters.  They, 
with  the  descendants  of  Le  Sore,  St.  Quintin,  and  Sully,  will  reappear  in 
these  pages. 


Confirmatio  Wtllelmi  Regis, 

[Hist,  et  Cartul,  S*H  Petri  Glouc,    Ed.  1863,  i,  p.  334.] 

"Anno  incamationis  Domini  mlxxxvi  ego  Willelmus  rex  Anglorum  peti- 
tione  Serlonis  Abbatis  de  Gloucestria  etc.  conoessi  Deo  et  ecclesife  S*ti  Petri 

in  Gloucestria  possidere ecdesiam  etiam  Sancti  Cadoci  cum  terra  quam 

Bobertus  filius  Hamonis  dedit  eidem  abbatiffi Hiis  testibus." 


<r 


Carta  Inspexionis  Edwardi  Regis  S^te  Marie  de  Theokesb. 

[N.  Monctstieon,  ii,  65 ;  Cart.  28  Ed.  J,  No,  16,  memb.  3.] 

Ego  Willielmus  rex  Anglorum  concede  Monasterio  Sanctis  Marise  de 
Teokesberia  imperpetuum  has  res  subsoriptas  quas  Bobertus  filius  Hamo- 
nis dedit  et  homines  sui,  piscinam  etc et  ecclesias  de  Walis  etc 

Guilielmo  Cancellario  teste  et  Boberto  filio  Hamonis  et  Bogero  filio  Geroldi 
et  Gualtero  Giffard." 

These  two  charters  are  preserved,  the  one  in  the  Cartulary  of  Qloueester, 
and  the  other  by  recital  in  an  Inspexinius  of  Edward  I.  The  former  is  de- 
scribed in  the  margin  of  Mr.  Hart's  volume  as  "a.d.  10S6.  Confirmation  of 
William  the  Conqueror."  But  Fitz  Hamon,  who  is  generally  supposed  to 
have  received  the  honour  of  Gloucester  after  the  Conqueror's  death  in  1087, 
most  certainly  was  not  in  a  condition  to  make  Welsh,  and  especially  Glamor- 
ganshire, grants  until  after  his  conquest  in  1091.  The  date  of  1086  is,  there- 
fore, probably  an  error,  and  the  charter  of  the  reign  of  Bufas,  or  between 
the  Welsh  conquest  of  109 1  and  the  King's  death  in  iioo. 

The  other  charter,  also  recording  Welsh  gifts  by  Fitz  Hamon,  is  no  doubt 
by  the  same  King.  Of  the  witnesses,  William  is  probably  William  Giffard, 
Chancellor  from  1086  to  1088,  and  again  in  iioo.  He  was,  no  doubt,  a  near 
relative  of  Gualter  or  Walter  Giffard,  the  well-known  Earl  of  Buckingham, 
and  the  last  witness,  who  died  in  iioo. 

These  are  the  earliest  known  charters,  by  a  Norman  sovereign,  relating  to 
lands  in  Glamorgan,  and  they  embody  and  confirm  still  earlier  grants  by 

VOL.  II.  d 


XVlll  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

the  Norman  conqueror  of  that  lordship.  The  Gloaceeter  charter  ie  thoa 
referred  to  in  the  cartulary  of  that  Abbey  (ibid.,  i,  pp.  93,  122) : 

"  Bobertus  filiua  Hamonis  dedit  ecclesiam  S'ti  Cadoci  de  Lancarvan  Deo 
et  ecdesiee  S'ti  Petri  Gloucestrie  et  Penh  on  quindecem  hidas  terre  re^e  Wil- 
lelme  conflrmante  tempore  Serlonis  Abbatis."  And  again  :  "  Bobertus  filios 
Hamonis  dedit  ecclesiam  S'ti  Cadoci  cum  quindecem  oarucatis  terre.'* 

Serlo  succeeded  as  Abbot,  1072,  4  oalend.  Sept.,  and  died  1102  or  1104* 
**  5  non.  Marc,  feria  quinta  post  cinerea  ad  vesperam." 


Charter  of  Confirmation  by  Henry  /,  A.D.  1 100. 

[JV.  3ron.,  it,  65.] 


<ff 


In  nomine  Sancte  Trinitatis.  Notum  sit  fidelibus  cunctia  tarn  proosenti- 
bus  quam  futuris  quod  ego  Hainricus  Dei  gratia  Bex  Anglorum  etc.  in  anno 
ab  incarnatione  Domini  millesimo  et  centesimo  concedoetc. quas  Bober- 
tus filius  Hamonis  costeriqne  barones  mei  dederunt  prradictaB  ecclesiae  videli- 
cet  ecclesiam  de  Walis et  decimas  de  Ceotol  quam  dedit  predictso 

ecclesisB  Bobertus  de  la  Haia,  et  ecclesias  de  dominio  suo,  et  piscariam  de 

Walis  et  Amenel  quam  dedit  predictss  eoclesise  Winebaldus  de  Balaon 

Signum  Heanrici  regis  etc.  etc. Bobertus  filius  Hamonis  et  Haimo  frater 

ejusdem." 

This  charter  is  recited  in  an  Inspeximus  of  28  Edward  I.  It  proves  tbe 
existence  of  Hamon,  brother  of  Bobert  Fitz  Hamon,  and  that  he  was  alive 
in  I 100.  ,  

Charter  of  Confirmation  to  Tewkesbury  by  Henry  /,  1 106. 
[Pat.  10  H,  IV,  Pars  II,  m.  5  j  N.  Mon.,  ii,  66. 

*'  In  nomine  sanctoD  et  individtisB  Trinitatis  etc.  rex  H.  salutem.  Notum  sit 
vobis  omnibus  me  Henricum  D.  G.  Anglorum  regem  perhenniter  concessisse 
et  libere  confirmasse  ecclesiie  sanctee  Dei  genetricis  et  perpetuae  Virginia 
Marise  de  Teokesberia  a  d.  incamationis  M.C.  V.  I.  apud  Wintoniam  has  res 
subscriptas  quas  Bobertus  filius  Hamonis  et  plures  alii  homines  dederunt  etc. 
...ecclesia  de  Pentric.In  Sumersete  in  villa  quae  vocatur  Aisse  triginta  duas 
solidatas  terras  per  annum  quam  dedit  Gilbertus  de  Umfranvilla  pro  aniiua 
uxoris  suae.  In  Ascentona  duas  hidas  et  unam  virgatam  terns  de  dono  Boberti 
fil.  Nigelil.  In  Walis,  ecclesiam  parochialem  S't»  Mariae  de  Bnrgo  de  Cardi 
cum  una  carucata  terns ;  capellam  de  castello  de  Cardi  cum  una  carucata  terras. 
Decimas  omnium  dominicorum  reddituum  de  Burgo  de  Cardi.  Dedmas  totiua 
dominii  quod  B.  filius  Hamonis  habuit  in  Walls.  Omnes  decimas  omnium 
baronum  R  filii  Hamonia  per  totam  terram  de  Walis.  Totum  brachium 
aquas  de  Taf  quod  est  juzta  ecclesiam,  ex  quo  exit  de  Taf  quousque  reintrat  in 
Taf,  ad  faciendas  piscarias  et  quaslibet  ntilitates  ecclesias;  pratum  ultra  aquam 
juxta  ecclesiam,  villulam  quas  vocatur  Landoho.  Terram  quam  dedit  Walte- 
rus  de  Landblethien.  Decimam  ten»  quam  Abbas  de  Gloec  habet  in  Land* 
carven.  Ecclesiam  de  Landhiltunit.  Terram  quam  Walkelinns  dedit ;  molen- 
dinum  de  Bas  et  piscarias  quas  Bobertus  de  Haia  dedit.  Terram  quam 
Bobertus  filius  Nigelli  dedit.  Ecclesiam  de  Novo  Castello.  Hasc  autem 
omnia  confirmaverunt  meonm  isti  barones  mei.  Signum  +  regis  Heanrici.  Sig- 
num Walter!  cancellarii    Signam  Girardi  Archiepiscopi.    Signum  Boberti 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XIX 

Ep'i  de  Nichole.  Sampsonis  EpH  WigomisB.  Signnm  Hngonis  Abbatis.  S. 
Humfridi  de  Bohim.  S.  Haymonis  Dapiferi.  Sig.  Boberti  Com.  de  Mell. 
Abbatis  Glaston.  8.  Boberti  filii  Nigelli.  Sig.  Abbatis  Germundi.  Pharis 
Abbatis.  S.  Bog.  Saresbur.  Ep*i.  S.  Thomae  Capell.  S.  WilL  Exon.  Ep'i. 
S.  Abbatis  NigeUi." 

Of  the  places  named,  Pentric  is  Pentyrch.  The  parish  church  of  St.  Mary's, 
Cardiff,  was  swept  away  by  a  river-flood  some  centuries  later ;  but  the  parish 
still  forms  the  western  side  of  the  town.  The  chapel  of  the  Castle  has  long 
been  destroyed.  It  seems  to  have  stood  in  the  outer  ward.  Mr.  Jones  thinks 
Walkelinus  was  a  small  holder  in  Llancadle,  who  gave  either  a  bit  of  marsh 
land,  or  the  site  of  the  chapel  in  the  village.  The  Chapter  of  Gloucester, 
successors  to  Tewkesbury,  do  not,  however,  hold  any  property  corresponding 
to  these  gifts. 

The  grant  of  the  lord*s  tithes  may  mean  those  of  Llantwit,  Uanblethian, 
Cardiff,  and  Llantrissant,  which  wore  specially  the  lord's  lands.  The  monks 
had  also  the  great  tithe  of  Penmark  and  Llancarvan,  but  not  of  the  conti- 
guous parishes  of  Llantrithyd,  St.  Nicholas,  Porthkerry,  St.  Tathans,  or 
Wenvoe. 

This  charter  is  also  taken  from  its  recital  in  the  Inspezimus  of  28  Edw.  I, 
preserved  in  Pat.  10  Henry  IV,  Pars  II,  m.  5,  and  N.  Mon.,  ii,  66.  This  is 
one  of  the  two  charters  mentioned  by  Foss,  in  which,  by  an  error  of  the 
scribe,  the  Chancellor  is  called  Walter  instead  of  Waldric.  Hamon  the  dapi- 
fer  is  still  alive,  as  is  the  Bobert  Fitz  Nigel  of  the  preceding  charters.  Pharis 
is,  no  doubt,  the  Pharigius  of  a  preceding  charter.  Abbot  of  Abingdon. 


In  the  same  Inspeximus  is  contained  another  charter,  also  by  Henry  I  to 
Tewkesbury,  but  without  date,  and  which  relates  to  Fitz  Hamon,  though 
not  to  Glamorgan.    The  names  of  the  witnesses  are  preserved. 

[Pat.  10  R,  IV,  Pars  II,  w.  5 ;  N,  Mon.,  ii,  66.} 

"  Henricus  Dei  gratia  Bex  etc.  etc.  salutem.  Sciatis  etc.... pro  animabus... 
BobertifilU  Hamonis...omnes  possessiones  sua8...tenendas  in  perpetua  ele- 
mosina  et  libere  et  quieto  sicut  fuit  quietum  dominium  Boberti  filii  Hamon  is 
qui  eandem  eccl6siam  (Teokes.)  fundavit  quando  illud  fuit  in  dominio  Begis 

Willielmi  patris  mei  et  Mathilds  reginaa  matrid  mese Testibus  Bogero 

Ep'o  Saresb.,  Boberto  Ep'o  Lincoln.,  Boberto  Comite  de  Mellent,  Boberto 
Comite  de  Gloecestr.,  Briencio  filio  Comitis,  Hamoue  Dapifero,  Walter  de 
Gloecestr*.    Apud  Winton." 

Brian  Fitz  Count  was  a  considerable  person  in  the  reigns  of  Henry  and 
Stephen,  and  in  the  latter  seems  to  have  been  joint  Treasurer  with  the  Earl 
of  Gloucester  (5  Stephen).  Bishop  Boger  was  consecrated  in  1103,  and  the 
date  of  this  charter  may  be  1 106-7. 


Conventio  inter  Urhanum  Epis'  Llandav^  et  Hobertum  Consuleniy  a.d.  1126. 

[Lib.  Landav,,  p.  27.] 

"Anno  ab  incamatione  Domini  kcxxyi  fuit  hseo  Conventio  facta  inter 
Urbanum  Ep'm  Land'm  et  Bobertum  Gonsulem  Glocestriensem  de  omnibus 
calumniis  quas  idem  Episcop'  habebat  adversus  predictum  Consulem  et  sues 
homines  la  Walls  et  de  illis  terris  qaas  ab  episcopo  se  non  cognoscebaat 


XX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

demere.  Idem  Consul  concessit  Ep*o  nnum  molendinam  quo  Willielmns  de 
Kardi  fecit  et  terrain  eidem  molendino  pertinentem  et  anam  piscariam  in 
Elei  per  transversain  ipsias  fiuminis  et  c  acras  terrsd  in  maresco  de  inter  Taf 
et  Elei  ad  arandum,  ultra  ad  pratum,  et  ita  quod  caput  earundem  c  acrarum 
incipiat  juxta  doininicam  terrain  ipsius  Ep'i  et  continuati  in  longum  exten- 
dantur,  et  communem  pasturam  cam  hominibus  Consulis,  et  in  nemoribus 
Consulis,  excepto  Kibor,  matericm  ad  opus  ecclesie  de  Landavia  et  ipsius 
Ep'i  et  clericorum  suorum  et  omnium  hominum  de  feudo  ecclesiffi  et  paisio* 
nem  et  pasturam,  Walenses  Ep'i  cum  Walensibus  Consulis  et  Normanni  et 
Anglici  Ep'i  cum  Normannis  et  Anglicis  Consulis  extra  Kybor^  et  capellani 
de  Stuntaf  et  decimam  ipsius  villse,  et  terram  quam  Comes  eidem  capellfld 
donat  unde  sacerdos  cum  decima  positus  viveret :  itaque  parochiani  ad  natale 
Christi  et  Pascha  et  Pentecosten  visitent  matrem  ecclesiam  de  Landaf  et  de 
eadem  villa  corpora  defunctorum  ferentur  humanda  ad  eandem  matrem. 
ecclesiam.  Et  propter  hsec  praedicta  quee  Consul  Ep'o  donat  et  concedit, 
remittet  ipse  Ep'us  et  quietas  damat  ConsuU  omnes  calumpnias  quas  habo- 
bat  ad  versus  eum  et  adversus  homines  suos  de  omnibus  terris  illis  quas  ad 
feudum  Consul  advocabant,  et  si  aliquis  hominum  Consulis  sua  sponte  sanua 
vel  infirmus  voluerit  recognoscere  se  terram  ecclesiffi  tenere  et  se  velle  red> 
dere  ecclesisB  et  Ep'o  et  hoc  coram  Consule  vel  coram  suo  Yicecomite  vel 
Prsposito  Domino  de  Kardi  recog^noverit,  concedit  Consul  quod  ipsam  terram 
ecclesisB  et  Ep'o  reddat.  Et  Ep'us,  sic  sui  molendini  de  subtus  ponte  Ep'i 
oxclusam  admensurabit  quod  iter  semper  pervium  sit  ni  incremento  aquse 
vel  fluctu  maris  impediatur ;  et  Comes  faciet  destrui  exclusam  molendini  sui 
deElej;  et  homines  Comitis  et  quilibet  alii  vendant  et  emant  cibum  et 
potum  apud  Landaf  et  ibi  illos  edant  et  bibant  et  nil  inde  portent  tempore 
werrsd ;  et  omnes  homines  de  feudo  Ep'i  habeant  quilibet  commercia  apud 
Landaf  ad  vendendum  et  emendum  omnibus  temporibus  pacis.  Et  judicia 
ferri  portabuntur  apud  Landaviam  et  fossa  judicialis  aqute  fiet  in  terra  Ep'i 
propinquiori  Cas telle  de  Kardi.  Et  si  aliquis  hominum  Ep'i  calumpniabitur 
hominem  Consulis  vel  hominem  baronum  suorum  de  aliqua  re  unde  duellum 
fieri  debeat,  ipsorum  curiis  dabuntur  vadimonia  et  tractabuntur  judicia  et 
in  Castello  de  Kardi  duellum  fiat.  Et  si  quisquam  homo  calumpniabitur 
hominem  Ep'i  de  re  unde  duellum  fieri  debeat,  vadimonia  in  curia  Ep'i 
dabuntur  et  judicia  fient  et  ipsum  duellum  in  Castello  de  Kardi  fiet  et  ibi 
habeat  Ep'us  eandem  rectitudinem  de  illo  duello  quam  haberet  si  fieret  apud 
Landaviam.  Et  si  duellum  ag^tur  inter  solos  homines  Ep'i  in  ^'us  curia  de 
Landavia  tractetur,  et  fiat,  et  ipse  Ep'us  habeat  suos  prsepositos  Walenses  in. 
suo  brevi  scriptos  per  visionem  et  testimonium  Yicecomitis  Consulis,  et 
extra  mittantur,  et  ipse  Yicecomes  Consulis  habeat  suum  contra  scriptum  de 
ipsis  Walensibus,  et  Ep's  habeat  contra  scriptum  de  Walensibus  Consulis 
similiter.  Et  Consul  clamat  quietos  Ep'o  de  hominibus  de  feudo  suo  denarios 
et  omnes  consuetudines  quas  adversos  eos  calumniatur.  Hsec  Concordia 
facta  fuit  in  presentia  Begis  Henrici :  hiis  testibus  Will'mo  Cant'si  Arch'po 
et  Gaufrido  Botomag'si  Arch'po  et  Will'mo  Winton'si  Ep'o  et  Bogero  Sares- 
b'si  Ep'o  Bann'  Djinelm'si  Ep'o  et  Johanne  Biconiensi  Ep'o  et  Oino  Ebro- 
ic'si  Ep'o  et  Gaufrido  Cancellario  et  David  rege  Scotise  et  Botrocho  Comite 
de  Portico  et  Bogero  Comite  de  Warewick  et  Brient  filio  Comitis  et  Bob'to 
Doelli  et  Milone  de  Glocestr'  et  Eduardo  de  Salesberiis  et  Waltero  filio 
Bichardi  et  Pag*  fil'  Johannis  et  Bichardo  de  Aquila  et  Bob'to  de  SigiUo  et 
Uchtredo  Archidiacono  de  Landavia  et  Isaac  CapeUano  Ep'i  et  Bad'  Vice- 


OllIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  xxi 

comite  de  Kardi  et  Pag'  de  Turbertivilla  et  Bodberto  fiUo  Bogeri  et  Bichardo 
de  S'to  Qaintino  et  Maur*  de  Land*  et  Odone  Soro  et  Gaufrido  de  Maisi  apnd 
Wodestocham :  et  B.  Comes  litgus  carte  contrascriptam  habet :  testibus  eis- 
dem." 

Kibor  or  Kibur  was  called  the  royal  cantrefF,  and  is  represented  by  the 
later  hundred  of  the  same  name.  It  lies  mainly  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Taff, 
including  Cardiff,  but  it  also  includes  Llandaff  on  the  opposite  bank.  Stun- 
taff  appears  to  be  Whitchurch,  a  parish  north  of  Cardiff,  where  a  small  castle 
or  tower  was  afterwards  built.  The  provisions  for  the  ordeals  by  fire,  water, 
and  combat,  are  very  curious.  The  two  former  might  be  decided  at  Llan- 
daff ;  but  the  latter,  whether  directed  in  the  court  of  the  Earl  or  the  Bishop, 
whether  an  EarFs  man  impleaded  a  Bishop's  man,  or  the  contrary,  was  to 
be  carried  out  in  the  Castle  of  Cardiff.  Quari'els,  however,  between  the 
Bishop's  own  men  were  to  be  settled  at  Llandaff. 

Of  the  witnesses,  GauMdus  Cancellarius  is  Geoffrey  Bufns,  Chancellor 
from  1 1 24,  and  afterwards  Bishop  of  Durham.  Boger  de  Bellomont,  Earl  of 
Warwick,  held  Gower.  Milo  de  Glocestria  was  Milo  Fitz  Walter,  a  justice 
itinerant  for  Staffordshire  and  Gloucestershire,  and  at  one  time  sheriff  of 
those  counties.  He  was  much  bound  up  with  Earl  Bobert,  and  in  1141  was 
created  Earl  of  Hereford.  IJchtred,  then  Archdeacon,  succeeded  as  Bishop 
of  Llandaff  in  1 139.  Balph,yicecomes  de  Kardi,  the  second  sheriff  on  record, 
is  not  elsewhere  mentioned.  If,  indeed,  Balph  were  an  error  for  Bichard, 
it  would  fix  the  well-known  Dapifer,  and  ancestor  of  the  De  Cardiff  family, 
as  sheriff.  Pagan  de  Turberville,  Bichard  de  St.  Quintin,  Maurice  de 
Londres,  and  Odo  le  Sore,  will  be  noticed  afterwards.  Gaufridus  de  Maisi 
is  the  Gaut.  de  Maiseo  who  witnessed  Fitz  Hamon's  Cardiff  charter.  "  Bico- 
niensi"  is  a  clerical  error  for  "Oxoniensi*'. 

Urban,  Bishop  of  Llandaff,  who  promoted  this  convention,  so  obviously  for 
the  good  of  the  whole  district,  was  a  considerable  man  in  his  day.  He 
appears  first  as  Archdeacon  of  Llandaff,  and  probably  had  charge  of  the  see 
during  its  vacancy  from  the  death  of  Herewald,  in  1 103-4,  to  his  own  conse- 
cration in  II  Aug.  1 107.  In  1 1 19  he  was  present  at  the  Council  of  Bheims 
from  the  20th  to  the  29th  of  October,  and  he  then  obtained  from  Calixtus  II 
a  Bull  dated  Soissons,  16  Oct.  11 19,  confirming  to  the  see  of  Llandaff  the 
various  donations  made  to  it  which  are  therein  recorded.  Various  docu- 
ments seem  to  have  emanated  from  the  same  Pope,  at  that  time,  concerning 
Llandaff,  one  of  which  is  valuable  from  the  names  of  the  persons  to  whom  it 
is  addressed.  It  is  dated  Soissons,  16  Oct.  11 19,  and  preserved  in  the  Lib. 
Landav,,  p.  85  : 

"  Calixtus  Episcopus  etc.  dilectis  etc Waltero  filio  Bicardi   Briano  filio 

Comitis  Willielmo  filio  Badrun  Boberto  de  Candos  Gefrido  de  Broi  Pa- 
gano  filio  Johannis  Bernardo  de  Novo  Mercatu  Gambaldo  de  Ludalon 
Bogero  de  Berkele  Gulielmo  Vicecomiti  de  Cairli  Golielmo  filio  Bogeri  de 
Bemu  Boberto  filio  Bogeri  Boberto  cum  tortis  manibus  et  csteris  per  Lan- 
davensem  episcopatum  nobilibus  salutem  etc." 

Bobert  de  Candos  or  Chandos  was  the  founder  of  Goldcliff  Prioxy,  on  the 
mouth  of  the  Usk.  Gulielmus  Yicecomes  de  Cairli  (Cardiff)  is,  of  course,  the 
sheriff  already  named. 

Urban  also  received  a  Bull  from  Pope  Honorius,  dated  9  April  11 28,  in 
which  are  mentioned  "  Merthyr  Bnceil,  duodecim  acras  quas  Willielmus  de 


xxii  0E1GINA.L  DOCUMENTS. 

Cantalo  per  vim  possederat  et  tandem  vestrra  reddidit  ecclesise.*'  Mei-tbyr 
Buceil  is  Merthyr  Mawr ;  and  the  Castle  of  Cantleston  or  Cantelupesbon, 
which,  lyiag  between  that  village  and  the  sea,  enabled  its  lord  to  plague  the 
church,  still  remains,  though  a  ruin,  and  in  substance  of  later  date. 

A  brief  of  Honorius  preserved,  like  that  of  Galiztus,  in  the  Liber  Land,, 
p.  37,  and,  like  it,  addressed  to  certain  persons  of  influence  in  the  see  of 
LlandaflP,  is  dated  19  April  1128,  and  is  addressed  as  follows : 

"  Walter  filio  Bicardi  Briano  Alio  Willielmi  Comitis  Pagano  filio  Johan- 
nis  Miloni  de  Glocestria  Batrun  filio  Wil...  Winbaldo  de  Badlon  Roberto 
de  Candos  Eicardo  filio  Puntii  Roberto  filio  Martini  Roberto  filio  Bogeri 
Mauritio  filio  Willelmi  de  Lundriis  et  caeteris  per  Landavensem  Episcopatum 
nobilibus  salutem",  etc. 

There  is  also  another  document  by  the  same  Pope,  dated  4  April  11299 
concerning  a  dispute  about  a  parish  in  Qower.    (lb.,  p.  39.) 

Bishop  Urban  is  reputed  to  have  rebuilt  the  Cathedral.  He  made  four 
journeys  to  Rome,  and  was  unwearied  in  his  attempt  to  recover  the  posses- 
sions of  which  the  see  had  been  deprived,  and,  as  is  seen  above,  with  some 
success.  There  was  contention  between  him  and  the  Bishop  of  St.  David's 
as  to  certain  diocesan  rights  said  to  have  been  usurped  by  Urban.  Malmes- 
bury  notices  this,  and  there  are  many  documents  relating  to  it  in  the  Book 
of  Llandaff,  Judgment  was  given  against  Urban,  who,  however,  seems  to 
have  been  in  the  right.  The  matter  was  finally  closed  by  his  death.  This 
occurred  at  Rome  in  ii33>  and  probably  he  had  so  well  shown  the  Earl  and 
the  King  the  inconvenience  to  them  of  an  actual  Bishop,  that  they  suffered 
the  see  to  remain  unoccupied  a  second  time  for  five  years. 


Carta  Fundationis  per  Ricardum  de  Grainvilla,  A.D.  11 30. 
[Ex  Begistro  de  Nethe  penes  Edwardum  Stradling,  Equitem  Auraium,] 

*'Notum  sit  omnibus  tam  prsesentibus  quam  futuris  quod  ego  Ricardns  de 
Orainvilla  et  Constantia  uxor  mea  pro  salute  animss  Roberti  Comitis  de  Glo- 
cestria et  Mabiliso  uxoris  subb  Comitissse  et  Willielmi  filii  sui  et  pro  salute 
animarum  nostrarum  et  antecessorum  nostrorum  damns  Deo  et  ecclesis 
SanctsB  Trinitatis  de  Savig^eio  totum  vastum  quod  est  infra  has  quatuor 
aquas  videlicet  Neth  Thavy  Cleoda  Poncanum.  Et  capellam  nostri  castelli 
de  Nethe  cum  omni  decimaB  procurationis  nostrce  domus  in  Annona  et  cete- 
ris rebus  et  cum  omni  decima  hominum  nostrorum  illius  provincifB  videlicet 
Francorum  et  Anglorum  et  dimidiam  partem  totius  nostri  piscis  de  Nethe 
et  molendinum  de  Cloada  et  prata  omnia  quae  sunt  a  supradicto  molendino 
usque  ad  fossatum  novae  villse  fossata  usque  in  aquam  de  Nethe  et  omnia 
ilia  que  habemus  in  villa  Laissa  in  feodo  quam  teneo  de  eo  in  Devenesira 
quinque  denarios  videlicet  Bediseg  et  Crinchentona  et  viginti  solidos  in  villa 
de  Lytheham  et  terram  quam  ego  teneo  de  Mauricio  salvo  redditu  ipsius 
Mauritii  id  est  decem  solidos  ad  festum  Sancti  Michaelis  et  molendinum  de 
Pandelia  cum  multura  hominum  in  illo  feodo  manentium  quem  teneo  de 
Ricardo  Sancti  Quintini  et  domum  molendinarii  cum  duabus  acris  terras  et 
haoc  concesserunt  Mauricius  et  Ricardus  ante  Comitem  et  Comitissam  et 
ante  Willielmum  filium  suum.  Hsec  omnia  damns  libere  et  quiete  et  absque 
ulla  seculari  exactione  et  Henrici  Regis  Anglorum  patrocinio  et  concessione 
et  Roberti  Consulis  Glocestrensis  et  Mabiliae  uzoris  suae  Comitissse  et  Willi- 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XXlll 

elmi  filii  sai  yolnntate.  Eo  tenore  quod  abbas  Savigneiensis  ecclesiaB  et  con- 
yentuB  ^usdem  in  eadem  elemosina  conyentum  monacborum  perhenniter 
in  ibi  sab  abbate  permansuram  instituent.  Hojns  donationis  sant  testes 
Gardinus  capellanns  et  Torbertns  capellanus  et  Ficotus  Bobeitns  dapifer 
Odo  filius  saas  Bobertus  filins  Ber  Maaricias  Bicardns  de  Sancto  Quin- 
tino  Eobertus  de  Hmfranyilla  Paganus  de  Torbiyllla  WiUielmos  pincema 
Bobertus  filius  Acelinso  Thomas  de  Estona  Boger  de  Newtona  G-irolt  de 
Bosco  Herbertus  Bobertus  de  Grainyilla  Willielmus  de  Beiyilla  et  ego 
Bobertus  GlocestrisB  Gomes  has  omnes  res  in  meo  patrocinio  custodia  et  de- 
fensione  suscipio  et  abbas  ibidem  canonic^  constituatur." 

Bichard  de  Granyille,  founder  of  Neath  Abbey,  seems  to  haye  been  a  younger 
brother  of  Bobert  Fitzhamon,  and  therefore  a  son  of  Hamo  Dentatus,  who  is 
said  to  haye  been  lord  of  Granyille  in  Normandy.  Although  Bichard  is  reputed 
to  haye  taken  part  in  the  conquest  of  England,  his  name  does  not  occur  in 
Domesdcvy,  which  it  would  haye  done  had  he  then  possessed  Bideford,  a  manor 
certainly  held  by  him  in  the  next  reign.  He  seems  to  haye  taken  part  with 
his  brother  in  the  conquest  of  Glamorgan,  and  to  haye  had  for  his  share  the 
most  exposed,  and  therefore  most  honourable,  part  of  that  seigniory,  being 
the  lands  upon  the  Nedd  and  the  Crwmllyn,  which  then  formed  its  western 
frontier.  He  probably  found  some  sort  of  place  of  defence  existing  in  this 
lordship,  as  the  charter  implies  an  old  castle,  which  is  generally  said  to  haye 
stood  west  of  the  Nedd.  He  or  his  successors  built  the  new  castle  on  the 
east  bank  of  the  riyer,  where  the  gatehouse  and  ruins  of  a  still  later  build- 
ing now  remain. 

The  name  of  Sir  Bichard's  first  wife,  Constance,  is  probably  preseryed  in 
Constance  Cross,  a  boundary  referred  to  in  the  charters.  She  left  him  child- 
less, and  at  her  solicitation  he  is  supposed,  in  1129,  to  haye  founded  the 
Abbey  of  Neath  in  their  joint  names.  Among  his  Welsh  retainers  were  two 
sons  of  lestyn,  whom  he  judiciously  rewarded  with  lands  on  his  west  and 
nortb,  or  most  exposed  frontiers.  His  residence  in  Glamorgan  seems  to 
haye  been  brief.  On  the  foundation  of  the  Abbey  he  retired  to  Bideford^ 
haying  married  as  his  second  wife  Isabel,  daughter  of  Walter  Giffard,  the 
powerful  Earl  of  Longueyille  and  Buckingham,  by  whom  he  left  a  son,  also 
Bichard. 

His  descendants  resided  at  Bideford,  or  at  Kirkhampton  in  Cornwall,  for 
about  seyen  hundred  years.  Of  them,  fifteenth  in  descent,  was  Sir  Bichard 
Granyille,  whose  father  was  lost  in  the  Mary  Rose,  and  who  was  Yice-Admiral 
of  England  in  the  great  days  of  Elizabeth,  and  the  discoyerer,  with  Baleigh, 
of  Virginia  and  Carolina,  of  which  he  published  an  account.  He  fell  in  a 
conflict  between  his  single  ship  with  the  Spanish  squadron.  Not  less  cele- 
brated was  his  grandson.  Sir  Beyill  Granyille,  the  support  of  Charles  I  in 
the  west,  and  who  fell  on  Lansdown  in  1643,  when  his  brother  succeeded 
him  as  the  King's  general.  His  son,  John  Granyille,  also  a  braye  soldier, 
was  in  1661  created  Earl  of  Bath,  Viscount  Ghranyille  of  Lansdown,  and 
Baron  Granyille  of  Eilkhampton  and  Bideford,  with  a  warrant  to  use  the 
ancient  Norman  titles  of  Corboil,  Thorigny,  and  Granyille.  Their  line  closed 
with  George  Granyille  the  poet,  created  Lord  Lansdown  in  171 1,  and  who 
died,  leaying  daughters  only,  in  1734.  They  were  a  grand  old  race,  bold 
and  loyal,  upon  the  remote  twigs  of  whose  wide-branching  pedigree  many 
less  nobly  descended  haye  been  glad  to  perch. 


XXIV  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Sir  ^chard  died  on  a  crusade.  The  armorial  bearings  attribnted  to  him 
by  later  generations,  and  preserved  on  the  tiles  of  his  Abbey,  and  on  the 
insignia  of  his  boroagh  of  Aberavan,  were,  guUs,  three  rests  or. 

Of  the  places  named  in  the  charter,  Poncanam,  Pulkanan,  called  by  Mey- 
rio  PoUignan,  is  doubtless  PwU-cynan,  a  well-known  point  on  the  Crymlyn 
brook,  and  in  after  centuries  a  point  in  the  south-western  boundary  of  the 
lordship  of  Neath  Citra.  Cynan  or  Cynon  is  fiur  more  likely  than  Czymlyn 
to  have  been  the  original  name  of  the  whole  stream. 

The  chapel  of  the  Castle  of  Neath,  also  described  as  of  St.  Giles,  has  been 
supposed  to  be  the  parish  church,  which  is  near  the  Castle,  but  which  is  dedi- 
cated to  St.  Thomas  the  Apostle.  There  are  no  traces  of  a  chapel  within 
the  precinct  of  the  present  Castle,  which,  indeed,  is  but  narrow.  In  1290 
the  Abbey  held  "  apud  capeUam''  four  carucates  of  land.  The  Castle  of 
Neath,  De  Granville's  fortress,  was  burned  by  Llewelyn  in  1230,  when  pro- 
bably the  present  structure  was  erected,  for  its  remains  answer  to  that 
period,  and  Neath  Castle  is  mentioned  as  an  important  place  in  the  reigns  of 
Edward  I,  II,  III,  and  Bichard  II. 

Pitcis  here  evidently  expresses  the  fishery. 

Nova  Villa  seems  to  be  the  new  town  of  Neath,  rebuilt  probably  by  De 
Granville  under  the  protection  of  his  new  castle.  The  town  foss  is  men- 
tioned in  later  days  as  a  manor  boundary.  Clydach  Mill,  in  Llangevelach, 
belonged  in  1630  to  the  Earl  of  Worcester  as  lord  of  Gower. 

Bedeseg  may  have  been  in  Cornwall,  as  was  Crinchenton,  afterwards  Eilk- 
hampton,  in  which  was  Stowe,  the  well  known  seat  of  the  Granville  family. 
Lytheham  is  Littleham  in  Devon,  no  great  distance  from  Bideford. 

Maurice  was  probably  Maurice  de  Londres,  lord  of  Ogmore. 

Pendeli,  called  elsewhere  Pendelin,  is  probably  Pendoylon,  a  parish  west 
of  Cardiff. 

Multure,  the  toll  claimed  by  the  miller  for  grinding  com.  Adam  and  his 
men  were  what  the  Scotch  called  "in-soken  multurers",  or  tenants  bound 
to  grind  at  the  Soke  (here  Pendelin)  Mill.  Water-mills  are  so  permanent 
that  that  here  named  is  probably  New  Mill  still  remaining  near  Fendoylon. 
This  mill  seems  to  have  been  held  by  De  Granville  under  Bichard  de  St. 
Quintin,  probably  the  son  of  Bobert,  the  lord  of  Llanblethian,  and  whose 
estate  bordered  on  Pendoylon. 

Deeima  hominum  mean  the  tithe  of  the  services  of  the  tenants,  mentioned 
in  the  first  charter  as  French  and  English ;  to  whom,  in  a  later  charter,  the 
Welsh  are  added,  showing  the  improved  peace  of  the  country. 

Dedma  procKraiionis,  Procuration-money  was  a  composition  with  the 
bishop  or  archdeacon,  in  lieu  of  his  meat  and  drink,  at  a  visitation  of  the 
church,  which  had  been  a  right  much  abused.  The  money  payment  was 
intended  ad  procurandum  the  food. 

CoTisul  was  often  used  as  synonymous  with  Earl.  Bobert  Consul,  Mabel 
Comitissa. 

Many  of  the  names  of  the  witnesses  show  their  connexion  with  Devon. 
Thus  Picot  was  an  early  name  in  that  county.  Bobertas  Dapifer,  or  Steward, 
may  have  given  name  to  Tir-Stuart  near  Bridgend;  but  the  office  of  steward 
to  Fitzhamon  was  held  by  Sir  Bichard  de  Cardiff  of  Newton.  Odo,  nowhere 
infrequent,  was  peculiarly  common  among  the  Devon  Normans.  Ber,  or 
Bear,  or  Bere,  is  a  Devon  name.  The  De  la  Bere  family  settled  early  at 
Coychurch.  St.  Quintin,  Umfraville,  and  Turberville,  came  into  Glamorgan 
from  Devon,  Somerset,  and  Dorset. 


ORIGINiVL  DOCUMENTS.  XXV 

William  Pincerna.  The  pedi^ee  of  William  Fincerna  or  Batler  is  mach 
diqointed.  The  charters  show  at  least  one  change  of  name,  and  the  records 
of  Cornwall  preserve  two  more.  William  Bufus  granted  to  Fitzhamon  the 
great  manor  of  Conarton,  parcel  of  the  Honour  of  Gloucester.  Robert  Earl 
of  Gloucester  granted  the  church  to  St.  James'  Priory  at  Bristol,  and  the 
manor,  in  1154,  to  Bichard  Pincerna,  probably  his  butler  by  grand  serjeantry. 
Bichard's  son  residing  at  Conarton  adopted  that  name,  and  his  son  or  suc- 
cessor residing  at  Lanheme  (his  manor  in  Mawgan)  followed  the  same  rule, 
and  became  Lanheme.  The  male  line  failed  in  the  fourteenth  century,  and 
the  heiress,  Alice  Lanheme,  seems  to  have  married — i.  Sir  Benfrey  Arundel; 
and  2,  John  Urn  fra vile,  who  held  Lanheme,  probably  jure  uxoris,  in  1346. 
That  manor,  with  Conarton  and  much  other  property,  passed  to  the  de- 
scendants of  the  first  match,  called,  from  their  wealth,  the  great  Arundels. 
They  have  always  quartered  Pincerna  or  Lanheme,  cusuret  three  covered 
cups  or,  emblematic  of  the  office.  Trelawny,  who  also  quarters  Pincerna, 
brought  in  by  Powna,  blazons  the  coat,  gules,  on  a  chevron  sokbU  three  gob- 
lets or. 

The  Cornish  records  seldom  notice  the  proceedings  of  their  gentiy  in 
Glamorgan,  and  the  present  case  forms  no  exception.  Still  it  is  evident  that 
William  Pincerna,  like  XJmfravile  and  Le  Sore,  belonged  to  Cornwall  and 
Devon,  although  the  details  of  the  pedigree  are  lost.  It  may  be  mentioned 
that  Alured  Pincerna  appears  in  the  Devon  Domesday  as  holder  of  six  manors 
under  the  King  or  the  Earl  of  Moreton. 

William  Pincerna  was  an  early  settler  in  Glamorgan,  and  was  lord  of 
Kilticar,  Eelligarn,  or  St.  Mary  Hill,  near  which  he  held  land,  by  the  tenure 
of  one  knight's  fee,  under  the  Le  Sores  of  St.  Pagan's.  Ho  was  the  father  of 
Samson  de  Allweia  or  Hallaway,  who  exchanged  Eelligarn  for  Littleham  with 
the  Abbey.  He  was  brought  to  extreme  poverty  by  the  incursions  of  the 
Welsh  of  Buthyn,  and  was,  no  doubt,  glad  to  follow  the  De  Granvilles  back 
across  the  water.  The  exchange  was  completed  by  his  son  William,  who 
probably  mended  his  fortunes  by  his  marriage  with  the  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  Sir  Philip  de  Marcross  of  that  place.  The  subsequent  history  of  the 
name  belongs  to  St.  Donat's. 

John  Sore,  usually  known  as  Sir  John  le  Sore,  joined  in  the  exchange  as 
chief  lord  of  the  fee.  Jordan  Sorus  held  fifteen  fees  of  William  Earl  of  Glou- 
cester.   {Lib,  Nig,,  i,  161.) 

Eston  and  Newton  may  have  taken  their  designations  firom  places  of  that 
name,  near  Bridgend. 

Girolt  de  Bosco  is  unknown  in  Glamorgan.  Both  Christian  and  surname 
appear  early  in  Devon,  their  bearer  holding  half  a  fee  in  Bideford ;  and 
William  de  Bosco  was  Sheriff  of  Glamorgan  towards  the  end  of  the  twelfth 
century. 

De  Beivill  or  Bevell  was  probably  of  Bevelstoke  in  Devon.  One  of  that 
family  was  Sheriff  of  Devon,  5  Bichard  I. 

"  De  eo"  is  obscure,  but  seems  to  relate  to  the  tenure  by  which  the  fee  of 
Laissa  was  held.  Laissa  was  certainly  Aissa  or  Nash ;  after  this  donation 
known  as  Monk-Nash.  In  1290  the  Abbot  of  Neath  held  at  the  grange  of 
"Asse"  ten  carucates  of  land.  The  occurrence  of  the  name  of  Maurice  in 
the  next  sentence  to  Laissa,  and  in  a  later  charter  of  Maurice  de  Londres, 
in  connection  with  Aissa,  makes  it  probable  that  the  two  relate  to  the  same 
Monk-Nash,  the  fee  of  which,  with  the  church,  was  given  by  De  Granville^ 
VOL,  II.  e 


XXVI  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

and  the  land  near  it  by  De  Londres.  A  learned  friend  whom  the  writer  con- 
salted  upon  this  4>asBage,  observes, — "  It  is,  perhaps,  worthy  of  note  that, 
whereas  Laiasa  is  said  to  be  held  by  De  Granville  and  his  wife  (we),  the 
phrase,  '  that  which  I  have  of  it  in  Devon',  shows  he  next  proceeds  to  deal 
with  lands  in  which  she  had  no  interest,  not  being  part  of  her  jointure;  and 
I  think  that  the  five  pence  must  mean  the  chief  rent  he  held  it  by.  The 
'videlicet'  shows  that  Bediseg,  etc.,  are  what  he  meant  in  the  sentence  irn- 
mediately  preceding;  and  there  should,  no  doubt,  be  a  semicolon  after 
'  Laissa  in  fee'.  I  think  it  is  pretty  clear  that  what  in  the  survey  of  1639  is 
called  '  Sir  Edward  Stradling's  manor  of  Nash',  is  the  donation  by  De  Gran- 
ville and  his  wife  of  the  vill  of  Laissa;  and  that  the  two  hundred  acres 
within  the  bounds  of  Ogmore,  which  paid  nothing,  is  the  land  De  Granville 
held  of  Maurice  de  Londres,  which  probably  the  monks  afterwards  freed 
from  the  reserved  rent.'* 

Balph  the  Hermit,  it  appears,  afterwards  held  the  fishery  of  Sub-PwUcynan 
or  Poncanum. 


CHAETERS   REFERRED  TO   IN  THE  PAPER   OF  MR. 

BANKS    ON   THE  EARLY  CHARTERS  TO 

TOWNS   IN   SOUTH  WALES. 


KIDWELLY. 
[Charter  Rolls,  7  John,  m.  4.] 

"  Gonftrmatio  Willelmi  de  London*. 


"  Johannes  Dei  gratia  Bex  Anglie  &o,  Sciatis  nos  concessisse  et  preeenti 
carta  nostra  confirmari  quod  terra  Willelmi  de  London'  de  Cadwely  que  fuit 
Bogeri  episcopi  Saresburiensis  et  homines  ejusdem  terre  sint  quieti  de  omni 
theloneo  et  passagio  et  consuetudine  sicut  Bex  Henricds  proavus  noster 
predicto  Bogero  et  Bex  Henricus  pater  noster  Willelmo  de  London'  patri 
predicti  Willelmi  concesserunt  et  cartis  suis  confirmaverunt  et  prohibemus 
super  forisfacturam  x.  librarum  ne  quis  eis  super  hoc  injuriam  vel  contume- 
liam  fiusiat  sic  carte  predictorum  Begum  quos  inde  habet  rationabiliter  test- 
antnr  Teste  domino  J.  Norwic'  episcopo  et  Cant'  electo  domino  H.  Sarr* 
ep'o  G.  filio  Petri  Comite  Essex  W'll'o  Maresc'allo  Comite  Penbroc'  W'll'o 
Oomite  Sarr*  Bob'  de  Tumham  Sahero  de  Quency  W'llo  Briwerr'  Data 
per  manum  H.  de  Well'  archidiaconi  Well'  apud  Marlebrigiam  xxvi^.  die 
Dec*  anno  etc.  vy'o." 

[Charter  Moll,  13  Hen.  Ill,  p.  2,  m.  3.] 
^*Pro  hominihus  de  Gadwelli  confirmaOo, 

"f  Bex  concessit  et  confirmavit  quod  terra  Willelmi  de  London'  de  Cad- 
welli  que  fuit  Bogeri  Episcopi  Sarresburie  et  homines  ejusdem  terre  sint 
quieti  de  omni  thelonio  et  passagio  et  consuetudine  sicut  Bex  Henrions  avus 
Henrici  Begis  aui  sui  predicto  Bogero  Episcopo  et  idem  Bex  Henricus  avus 
Buus  Willelmo  de  London'  patri  predicti  Willelmi  concesserunt  et  cartis  suis 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XXVii 

oonfirmavemnt.  Et  prohibet  super  forisfacturam  suam  x.  Hbrarum  ne  qois 
eia  super  hoc  iniuriam  yel  contumeliam  faoiat  siout  carta  predioti  Henrioi 
Regis  avi  Hcnrici  Kegis  avi  sui  et  carta  ipsius  Henrioi  Eeg^s  avi  sui  et  con- 
firmatio  domini  Johannis  Eegis  patris  sui  rationabiliter  inde  testantur. 
Teste  Huberto  de  Burg'  S.  de  Segrane  et  aliis.  Data  per  man'  etc.  apud 
Aulton'  .xzv.  die  Oct'  anno  etc.  ziig'o.'' 


CARMAETHEN. 
[Charter  Boll,  2  John,  m.  16.] 

"  Confirmaiio  hominum  de  Kaermerdin*. 

'*  Jobannee  Dei  etc.  Jnsticiario  etc.  Preoipimas  yobis  qnod  burgenses  nos- 
tri  de  Kaermerdin'  sint  quieti  de  tbelonio  et  passagio  et  pontagio  et  omni- 
bus oonsuetudinibus  per  terram  nostram  totam  et  prohibemus  ne  quis  eos 
injuste  disturbet  super  forisfacturam  omnium  cattellorum  suorum  sicut  carta 
Henrici  Begis  patria  nostri  rationabiliter  testatur.  T.  B.  S.  Andr'  ep'o 
G.  fil'  Petri  Gomite  Essex'  Will'o  de  Braosa  etc.  Data  p'  manum  nostram 
apud  G^ytinton'  yj.  die  Januar'  regni  n'ri  anno  secnndo."^ 


[Charter  Boll,  g  and  10  Bichard  11,  No.  10.] 
^^Fro  Burgensibus  de  Kermerdyn, 


€i 


Bicardus  Dei  gratia  Bex  Anglie  et  Francie  et  Dominus  Hibemie  Archi- 
episoopis  Episcopis  Abbatibus  Prioribus  Ducibus  Comitibus  Baronibus  Jus- 
ticiariis  Prepositis  Ministris  et  omnibus  Ballivis  et  fidelibus  suis  salutem. 
Inspeximus  cartam  Domini  Edwardi-  nuper  Begis  Anglie  avi  nostri  faotam 
in  hec  verba.  Edwardus  Dei  gratia  Bex  Anglie  et  Francie  et  Dominus 
Hibemie  Archiepiscopis  Episcopis  Abbatibus  Prioribus  Comitibus  Baronibus 
Justiciariis  Yicecomitibus  Prepositis  Ministris  et  omnibus  Ballivis  et  fideli- 
bus suis  salutem  Inspeximus  cartam  quam  Celebris  memorie  Dominus 
Edwardus  nuper  Bex  Anglie  genitor  noater  fecit  Bnrgensibus  de  Kaermer- 
dyn  in  hec  verba.  Edwardus'  Dei  gratia  Bex  Anglie  Dominus  Hibernie  et 
Dux  Aquitannie  Archiepiscopis  Episcopis  Abbatibus  Prioribus  Comitibus 
Baronibus  Justiciariis  Yicecomitibus  Prepositis  Ministris  et  omnibus  Balli- 
vis et  fidelibus  suis  salutem  Inspeximus  cartam  quam  Celebris  memorie 
Dominus  Henricus'*  quondam  Bex  Anglie  avus  noster  fecit  Burgensibns  de 
Kaermerdyn  in  hec  verba.  Henricus  Dei  gratia  Bex  Anglie  Dominus  Hiber- 
nie Dux  Norm'  Aquit'  et  Comes  And'  Justiciariis  Yicecomitibus  et  omnibus 
Ministris  suis  totius  terre  sue  salutem  Sciatis  nos  concessisse  pro  nobis  et 
heredibus  nostris  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Kaermerdyn  quod  ipsi  et  heredes 
eorum  imperpetuum  sint  quieti  de  thelonio  passagio  et  pontagio  et  omnibus 
consuetudinibus  per  totam  terram  nostram.  Quare  volumus  et  firmiter  pre- 
cipimus  quod  predicti  Burgenses  de  Kaermerdyn  et  eorum  heredes  imper- 

'  '*  Homines  de  Kaermerdin  debent  xx  marcas  et  j  paleiroi  pro  habenda 
confirmationem  Begis  de  carta  Henrici  Begis  patris  Begis  de  libertatibus 
Buis."    (Bot.  Cancell.  Gloec'sr',  3  John.) 

•  14  Edw.  Ill,  m.  27. 

"  6  Edw.  II,  m.  6.  *  11  H.  Ill,  p.  2,  m.  6» 


XXViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

petaum  sint  qaieti  de  thelonio  passagio  et  ponta^o  et  omnibaa  oonsuetadi- 
nibuB  per  totam  terrain  nostram  sicat  predictum  est.  Hiis  testibus.  W.  Car- 
leoP  Episoopo  H.  de  Bargo  Comite  Kane*  JuBticiario  noetro  Thoma  de 
Muleton'  Henrico  de  Braybroc'  Badalpho  filio  Nicholai  GodeMdo  de 
Crancumb'  Bicardo  de  Argentein'  Henrico  de  Capella  et  aliia.  Data  per 
manam  venerabilis  patris  Badulphi  Gicestr'  Episoopi  Gancellarii  nostri 
apud  Westmonasterium  xx\j  die  Jolii  anno  reg^i  nostri  andecimo.'  Inspexi- 
muB  etiam  cartam  oonfirmationis  quam  idem  avus  noster  fecit  prefatis  Bar- 
gensibas  in  hec  verba.  Henricus'  Dei  gratia  Kex  Anglie  Dominns  Hibemie 
Dux  Normannie  Aqait'  et  Comes  Andeg'  Arcbiepiscopis  Episcopis  Abba* 
tibus  Prioribns  Comitibns  Baronibas  Josticiariis  Forestariis  Vicecomitibus 
Frepositis  Ministris  et  omnibus  Ballivis  et  fidelibas  saia  aalutem.  Inspexi- 
mus  cartam  qnam  Edwardus  filius  noster  primogenitns  fecit  Borgensibus  de 
Kaermerdyn  in  hec  verba.  Edwardus  illustris  Henrici  Eegis  Anglie  primo- 
genitus  omnibus  fidelibus  suis  hoc  presens  scriptum  visuris  vel  audituris 
aalutem.  Noverit  universitas  vestra  nos  concessisse  dilectis  et  fidelibas 
Burgenaibua  noatria  de  Kaermerdyn  omnes  bonas  leges  et  conanetudinee 
quibna  tempore  Johannia  Begia  avi  nostri  et  predeceaaorum  suorum  Begam 
Anglie  hactenua  uai  aunt  et  gaviai  et  communam  auam  Uberam  in  plania  et 
boacis  in  aquia  et  in  omnibua  aliia  aisiamentia  optentis  et  usitatis  Coneee- 
aimus  etiam  predictis  Burgensibus  nostris  quod  ipsi  pro  transgressions  sea 
forisfactura  servientum  suorum  catalla  et  bona  sua  in  manibns  ipsomm 
inventa  aut  alicubi  locorum  per  ipsos  aervientea  infra  terram  nostram  depo- 
aita  quatenua  aua  eeae  aufficienter  probare  poterunt  non  amittant  et  quod  si 
dicti  Burgenaes  aut  eorum  aliqui  infra  terram  et  poteatatem  noatram  testati 
deceaaerint  vel  inteatati  nos  vel  heredes  noatri  bona  ipaorum  confiscari  non 
faciemua  quin  eorum  heredes  integre  ipaa  habeant  quatenua  dicta  catalla 
dictorum  defunctorum  fuisae  conatiterit.  Dum  tamen  de  dictia  heredibua 
noticia  aut  fidea  habeatur.  Item  conceasimua  eiadem  Burgenaibua  noatria 
quod  nullua  eorum  infra  poteatatem  noatram  vexetur  pro  debito  alicuiaa 
vicini  aui  niai  fuerit  debitor  vel  plegiua  et  qnamvia  plegiua  alici:gua  non 
cogatur  aolvere  dum  debitor  habeat  unde  aolvere  poaait.  Et  quod  omnea 
transgreaaionea  infra  liberum  Burgum  auum  facte  per  eorundem  Burgensium 
considerationem  emendentur  aicut  hactenua  consuevit.  Conceaaimua  etiam 
eia  quod  ai  aliquis  eorum  alicni  infra  Burgum  auum  foriafecerit  non  ducatur 
infra  portaa  Caatelli  dum  possit  in  venire  bonoa  et  aalvos  plegioa  de  at-ando 
juri  nisi  pro  transgreaaione  pro  qua  plegiabilia  non  fuerit  et  quamvia  aliquis 
eorum  aliquam  rem  daro  die  coram  vicinia  gnia  emerit  et  poatea  rea  ilia 
fuerit  calumpniata'  tanquam  furtiva  non  amittet  niai  tantum  rem  iUam  set 
jurabit  cum  Sacramento  vicinorum  suorum  quod  nescivit  rem  illam  emisae 
de  latrone.    Et  quod  nullua  eorum  cogatur  acomodare  ballivo  ano  ultra  duo- 


^  Close  Bolls,  II  Hen.  Ill,  vol.  ii,  p.  194.  "Pro  Burgensibus  de  Kaermer-' 
din. — Dominus  Bex  conceaait  Burgensibua  de  Kaermerdin  quod  ipsi  ot 
heredea  eorum  inperpetuum  aint  quieti  de  thelonio  passagio  et  pontagio  et 
omnibus  consuetudinibus  per  totam  terram  domini  Begis  Et  mandatum 
est  Johanni  de  Braose  quod  prefatam  cartam  coram  eo  legi  faciat  et  predic- 
taa  libertates  et  quietancias  eos  habere  permittat.  T.  B.  apud  Weatm' 
24  Jalii.    Eodem  mode  scribitur  ballivis  de  Kenefeg  et  Bristoll." 

'  41  H.  Ill,  m.  9.  ^  Claimed. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  xxix 

dedm  denarios  nisi  Tolaeiit  bona  voluntate  ana.  Et  qaod  nulla  inquisicio 
de  rebas  forinsecis  fiat  per  prediotos  Bargenses  set  per  libere  tenentes  patrie 
eicat  hucasque  fieri  conauevit.  Et  quod  hec  conceaaio  nostra  rata  et  stabilis 
pro  nobis  et  beredibas  nostris  predictis  Burgensibus  nostris  perse veret  hoc 
presens  sciiptum  sigilli  nostri  impressione  duzimas  coroborandutu.  Hiis 
testibus  Dominis  Petro  de  Sabaadia  Johanno  filio  Galfridi  Eble.  de  Monti- 
bus  Willelmo  de  Pennis  Michaele  de  Fenis  Waltero  de  Merton'  et  maltis 
aliis.  Nos  aatem  predictam  concessionem  ratam  habentes  et  gratam  earn 
pro  nobis  et  beredibas  nostris  concedimus  et  confirmamus  sicnt  predicta 
carta  rationabiliter  testatur.  Hiis  testibos  Gwidone  de  Lezin'  Galfrido  de 
Lesin'  et  Willelmo  de  Valenc'  fratribas  nostris  Petro  de  Saband'  Arcaldo 
de  Sancto  Bomano  Magistro  Johanne  Maunsel  Willelmo  de  Grey  Wau- 
kelino  de  Ardem'  Imberto  Pugeys  Willelmo  Gemun  et  alijs.  Data  per 
manum  nostram  apud  Westmonasterium  quarto  die  Februarii  anno  reg^i 
nostri  quadragesimo  primo.  Inspeximus  etiam  cartam  quam  olare  memorie 
Dominns  Edwardus^  quondam  Bex  Anglie  pater  noster  fecit  predictis  Bur- 
gensibus in  hec  verba.  Edwardus  Dei  gratia  Bez  Anglie  Dominus  Hibemie 
et  Dux  Aquit'  Omnibus  Ballivis  et  fidelibus  suis  ad  quos  presentee  litere 
pervenerint  salutem.  Cum  Wallenses  de  Elued'  Dercles*  Ewydugada  Ys- 
kennen'  Mahathan  Gommodpemeth'  et  Hyrwin  in  penultima  gueiTa  Wallie 
contra  nos  et  pacem  nostram  existentes  et  inimicis  et  rebellibas  nostris  ad- 
berentes  saniori  postmodum  ducti  consilio  ad  pacem  nostram  venissent  et  se 
et  sua  Yoluntati  nostre  totaliter  submisissent  ac  nos  tunc  ad  meliorationem 
▼ille  nostre  de  Eermerdyn  et  ad  securitatem  et  tuitionem  parcium  a^jaoen- 
oium  concessimns  Burgensibus  nostris  et  omnibus  alijs  cujuscumque  condi- 
tionis  fuerint  de  predicta  villa  nostra  de  Eermerdyn  et  Yeteri  Eermerdyn 
quod  in  boscis  nostris  de  Mahathan  et  omnibus  aliis  boscis  dictorum  Wal- 
lensium  tunc  tamquam  nobis  forisfactis  in  manu  nostra  exiatentibus  in  qui- 
bus  propter  eorum  densitatem  depredationes  et  homicidia  frequenter  perpe- 
trabantur  liberam  haberent  communam.  Ita  quod  in  eis  subboscum  quercus 
ad  maeremium  et  alias  arbores  succidere  et  asportare  possent  et  ipsos  Bur- 
genses  per  breve  nostrum  dilectis  et  fidelibus  nostris  Willelmo  de  Valencia 
avunculo  nostro  et  Pagano  de  Gadurcis  tempore  illo  locum  nostrum  in  parti- 
bus  illis  tenentibus  directum  in  seisinam  commune  predicte  poni  fecissimus. 
Nos  factum  nostrum  predictam  ratum  et  g^tum  habentes  volumus  et  con- 
cedimus pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  qaod  predicti  Burgenses  et  omnes 
alij  de  villis  predictis  et  heredes  et  successores  sui  participiant  et  habeant 
predictam  communam  in  boscis  predictis.  Ita  quod  subboscum  quercus  ad 
maeremium  et  alias  arbores  in  eis  succidere  et  asportare  possint  pro  volun- 
tate  sua  absque  occasione  vel  impedimento  nostri  et  heredum  nostrorum 
Justiciariorum  Yioecomitum  Ballivorum  sea  Ministrorum  nostrorum  quo- 
rumcunque  imperpetuum.  Inhibentes  super  gravem  forisfacturam  nostram 
ne  quis  ipsos  super  commana  predicta  at  predictam  est  habenda  in  aliquo 
perturbare  sea  inquietare  presumat  contra  concessionem  nostram  predictam. 
In  ctgus  rei  testimonium  has  literas  nostras  fieri  fecimus  patentee.  Teste 
me  ipso  apud  Eadewelly  nono  die  Decembris  anno  reg^  nostri  terciodecimo. 
Kos  autem  concessiones  et  confirmationem  pradictas  ratas  habentes  et  gra- 
tas  eas  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quantum  in  nobis  est  concedimus  et 
confirmamus  sicut  carte  predicte  rationabiliter  testantur  et  prout  \jdem 

^13  Edward  I. 


XXX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bargenses  et  eomm  anteceasores  libertatibas  predictis  hactenns  ratioiial>ili« 
ter  usi  sunt.  Hiis  testibas  venerabili  patre  W.  Wygom'  £pisoox>o  Gilberto 
de  Clare  Comite  Gloucestr'  et  Hertford'  Adomaro  de  Valencia  Comite  Pem- 
broch'  Johanne  de  Britannia  Comite  Kichemund'  Hugo&e  le  Despenser 
Henrico  de  Bello  Monte  Edmando  de  Malolacu  Seneecallo  HoBpic^j  noetri 
et  aUis.  Data  per  manum  nostram  apud  Westmonasteriam  tercio  die  Mag 
anno  regni  nostri  sexto.  Noa  autem  concessionee  et  oonfirmationee  predictas 
ratas  habentes  et  gratas  eaa  pro  nobis  et  heredibns  noetris  quantum  in 
nobis  est  ooncedimus  et  confirmamus  sicut  carte  predicte  rationabiliter  test- 
antor  et  prout  vjdem  Burgenses  et  eorum  anteoessores  libertatibus  predictis 
hactenus  rationabiliter  usi  sunt  et  gaviBi.  Et  cum  in  dicta  carta  prefati 
Henrici  Begis  pi-ogenitoris  nostri  inter  cetera  contineatur  quod  predicti  Bur- 
genses et  eorum  heredes  imperpetuum  sint  quieti  de  omnibus  consuetudin- 
ibus  per  totam  terram  nostram  et  pretextu  istorum  verborum  generalium 
dicti  Burgenses  et  eorum  anteoessores  a  tempore  confectionis  carte  illins 
semper  hactenus  de  muragio  pavagio  ksuagio  et  kilagio  de  rebus  bonis  et 
mercimoniis  suis  solvend'  quieti  esse  consueverunt.  Cumque  in  dicta  carta 
prefati  avi  nostri  inter  cetera  similiter  contineatur  quod  idem  avus  noster 
concessit  predictis  Burgensibus  omnes  bonas  leges  et  consuetudines  qnibus 
tempore  dicti  Johannis  Begis  et  predecessorum  suorum  Begum  Anglie  usi 
fuerunt  et  gravisi  ^demque  Burgenses  et  eorum  successores  pretextu  con- 
cessionis  hijgusmodi  emendas  assise  panis  et  cerTlsie  fracte  et  assaiam  men* 
surarum  et  ponderum  infra  Burgum  predictum  a  tempore  confecUonia  carte 
predicte  semper  haotenua  habuerunt  aicut  dicunt.  Et  nobis  supplicaverint 
ut  pro  ipsornm  Burgensium  heredum  et  snccessorum  suorum  securitate  futu- 
ris  temporibus  velimus  dictas  libertates  eis  per  cartam  nostram  specificare. 
Noe  ad  meliorationem  Burgi  predicti  et  commoditatem  Burgensium  noatro- 
rum  ^usdem  Burgi  ut  eo  tranquillius  negociationibus  suis  intendere  possint. 
Yolentes  eis  in  hac  parte  gratiam  facere  specialem  per  finem  quem  predicti 
Burgenses  fecerunt  nobiscum  concessimus  eis  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  noatria 
quod  \jdem  Burgenaes  et  eorum  heredea  et  aucceaaorea  de  muragio  pavagio 
kaiagio  kilagio  de  rebua  bonia  et  mercimoniia  aula  per  totam  regnum  et 
potestatem  nostram  imperpetuum  aint  quieti  et  quod  ipsi  et  eorum  heredes 
et  successores  habeant  emendas  assise  panis  et  cervisie  in  Burgo  predicte 
fracte  et  assaiam  mensurarum  et  ponderum  infra  eundem  Burgum.  Ita 
quod  Senescalli  et  Marescalli  de  Hospicio  nostro  vel  heredum  noatrorum  vel 
dericua  noater  vel  heredum  noatrorum  de  Mercato  Juatic(iarii)  aeu  aliua  qui- 
cumque  ad  aasaiam  higuamodi  mensurarum  et  ponderum  rel  alia  quecum- 
que  que  ad  officium  cleiici  de  Mercato  pertinent  in  Burgo  predicto  iicien- 
dum  et  exercendum  de  cetero  nuUatenua  ingrediatur.  Hoc  aemper  aalvo 
quod  Cancellariua  noster  et  heredum  nostrorum  qui  pro  tempore  fuerit  cum 
in  partes  illas  yenerit  mensuraa  et  pondera  higuamodi  aupervidere  et  ad 
querelaa  omnium  et  aingulorum  ae  oonqueri  volencium  tranagreaaorea  in  hac 
parte  ai  qui  fuerint  juxta  eorundem  demerita  punire  ac  clericua  noater  et 
heredum  noatrorum  de  mercato  in  preaencia  nostraC  et  heredum  noatrorum 
officium  auum  in  dicto  Burgo  exequi  valeant  et  exeroere  prout  antea  fieri 
oonauevit.  Et  cum  in  dicta  carta  predicti  avi  noatri  contineatur  quod  nulla 
inquisicio  de  rebus  forinsecia  fiat  per  predict os  Burgenses  set  per  libere 
tenentes  patrie  sicut  hucusque  fieri  consuevit.  Nos  de  uberiori  gratia  nostra 
conceasimuB  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostria  prefatia  Burgenaibua  heredibus 
et  Buccessoribus  suis  quod  ipsi  aut  eorum  heredea  seu  successores  de  cetero 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XXXi 

non  ponantnr  cum  hominibuB  forinsecis  sen  forinseci  cum  ipsis  in  assisia 
juratia  aut  inquisitionibas  aliquibns  qne  ratione  terraram  et  tenemeniornm 
in  eodem  Burgo  aat  libertate  qjusdem  ezistencium  vel  transgressionum  con- 
tractum  sea  aliorum  negocioram  intrinsecorum  in  eodem  Burgo  aut  liber- 
tate cgusdem  emerserint  capiendie  set  assise  iUe  jarate  et  inquisitiones  de  se 
ipsis  Burgensibus  et  non  aJijs  in  eodem  Burgo  solummodo  fiant  et  capiantur 
nisi  res  ilia  tangat  nos  vel  heredes  nostros  aut  communitatem  ejusdem 
Burgi.  H\is  testibus  Fenerabilibus  patribns  J.  Archiepiscopo  Cantuare 
tociuD  AngUe  Primate  H.  Lincoln'  et  B.  Dnnolm'  Episcopis  Henrico  de 
Lancastria  Comite  Derb'  Willelmo  de  Bobun  Oomite  ^Northampton'  Hen- 
rico de  Ferrarijs  Johanne  Darcy  Senescallo  Hospio\j  nostri  et  aljjs  Data 
per  manum  nostram  apud  Westmonasterium  quarto  die  Maii  anno  regni 
nostri  Anglie  quartodecimo  regni  vero  nostri  Francie  primo.  Nos  autem 
omnes  et  singulas  concessiones  et  oonfirmationes  predictas  ratas  habentee  et 
gratas  eas  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quantum  in  nobis  est  prefatis  Bur- 
gensibus dicte  ville  de  Kova  Kermerdyn  et  successoribus  suis  de  gratia 
nostra  speciali  tenore  presencium  concedimus  et  confirmamus  imperpetuum 
sicut  dicta  carta  prefati  avi  nostri  rationabiliter  testatur.  Preterea  volentes 
eisdem  Burgensibus  gratiam  in  hao  parte  facere  specialem  concessimus  et 
bac  carta  nostra  confirmavimus  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quantum  in 
nobis  eisdem  Burgensibus  quod  licet  ipsi  vel  eorum  predecessores  seu  ante- 
cessores  Burgenses  ejusdem  ville  aliqua  vel  aliquibas  libertatum  seu  quie- 
tandarum  in  diet  is  cartis  contentarum  aliquo  casu  emergente  hactenus  plene 
usi  non  iiierint  \jdem  tamen  Burgenses  et  successores  sni  libertatibus  et 
quietanciis  illis  et  earum  qualibet  ex  nunc  plene  gaudeant  et  utantur  abs- 
que occasione  vel  impedimento  nostri  vel  heredum  nostrorum  Justiciariorum 
Escaetorum  Yicecomitum  aut  aliorum  Ballivorum  seu  Ministrorum  nostro- 
rum quorumcumque  imperpetuum.  Considerantes  insuper  qualiter  ydem 
Burgenses  nostri  ejusdem  ville  et  Burgi  de  Nova  Kermerdyn  dampna  et  op- 
pressiones  que  homines  Wallenses  ex  eorum  malicia  eis  ante  hec  tempera 
sepius  intulerunt  multipliciter  sunt  perpessi.  Ac  volentes  pro  inde  tarn  pro 
auxilio  et  relevamine  dicte  ville  et  Burgi  de  Nova  Kermerdyn  quam  pro 
commodo  pace  et  quiete  ipsorum  Burgensium  nostrorum  ejusdem  ville  ex 
regia  benignitate  uberius  providere  de  avisamento  et  assensu  consil^j  nostri 
concessimus  et  hac  carta  nostra  confirmavimus  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nos- 
tris quantum  in  nobis  est  eisdem  Burgensibus  nostris  et  successoribus  suis 
quod  ipsi  de  se  ipsis  libere  possint  eligere  unum  M^jorem  et  duos  BallivoB 
semel  quolibet  anno  videlicet  die  Lune  proximo  post  festum  Sancti  Micha- 
elis  qui  statim  cum  in  M^jorem  et  Ballivos  sic  electi  fuerint  officia  Mtgoris 
et  Ballivorum  ibidem  debite  faciant  et  exerceant  et  inde  corporalia  prestent 
sacraments.  Et  quod  ^dem  Burgenses  heredes  vel  successores  sui  nuUa- 
tenus  convincantur  nee  judicentur  in  Comitatibus  de  Kermerdyn  et  Cardy- 
gan  nee  in  sessionibus  nee  in  aliquibus  al^'s  Curiis  per  aliquos  Wallicos  in 
aliquibus  appellis  nee  indictamentis  feloniarum  rettis  ixgurijs  transgreesio- 
nibus  criminibus  nee  demandis  in  ipsos  impositis  seu  imponendis  nee  in  ali- 
quibus alijs  actionibus  personalibus  infra  Comitatus  de  Kermerdyn  et  Car- 
dygan  emergentibus  seu  alibi  in  partibus  illis  preterquam  per  Burgenses 
Anglicoe  et  veros  Anglicos  et  insuper  quod  eligere  possint  de  se  ipsis  quo- 
libet anno  unum  Coronatorem  ad  diem  predictum  qui  prestito  sacramento 
prout  moris  est  ea  faciat  et  conservet  que  ad  officium  Ooronatoris  pertinent 
in  villa  et  Burgo  predictis  et  quod  ijdem  Burgenses  et  successores  sui  habe- 


XXXU  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

ant  returna  omnium  brevinm  nostroram  et  heredum  nostromm  in  omnibas 
placitia  personalibas  et  realibus  et  io  omnibus  alijs  casubus  de  rebus  infra 
dictam  villam  et  Burgpim  emergentibus.  Ita  quod  nuUus  Escaetor  Vice- 
comes  nee  alius  Ballivus  nee  Minister  noster  vel  heredum  nostromm  infra 
dictam  villam  et  Burgum  nullatenus  ingrediatur  nee  se  inde  intromittat^  ad 
aliqnem  ezecuti^^nem  ibidem  faciendam  Et  insuper  quod  Comitatus  de 
Kermerdyn  etOardygan  ac  sessiones  magne  et  parve  que  infra  dictam  villam 
et  Burgum  de  Kermerdyn  teneri  solebant  ex  nunc  teneantur  ibidem  imper- 
petuum  prout  usitari  consuevit  Quare  volumus  et  firmiter  precipimus  pro 
nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quod  predicti  Burgenses  dicte  ville  de  Nova  Ker- 
merdyn et  successores  sui  babeant  et  teneant  omnia  et  singula  libertates  et 
privilegia  supradicta  eisque  pacifioe  et  quiete  gaudeant  et  utantur  imper- 
petuum  sicut  predictum  eat  H\js  testibus  venorabilibus  patribus  A.  Archi- 
episcopo  Ebor*  Anglie  Primate  R.  London'  J.  Dunolm'  Thesaurario  nostro 
W.  Coventr*  et  Licbefeldensi  Episcopis.  Thome  Duce  Gloucestrie  Boberto 
de  Veer  Marohione  Dublin'  Oomite  Oxonie  Camerario  Anglie  Michaele  de 
Pole  Comite  Suff*  Cancellario  nostro  Johanne  de  Cobham  de  Kent  Johanne 
de  Monte  Aouto  Senescallo  Hospic^j  nostri  et  al^js.  Data  per  manum  noe- 
tram  apud  Westmonasterium  v\j  die  Jul^  anno  regni  nostri  decimo. 

"  Per  ipsum  Begem  et  Consilium." 


PARLIAMENTARY  PETITIONS,  No.  4543. 

"A  nostre  seigneur  le  Roi  prient  ses  poures  Burgeys  de  Kermerdyn  en 
Gales  qil  ly  pleyse  de  sa  grace  granter  as  ditz  Burgeys  qil  peussent  auoir 
murage  en  la  dite  ville  de  Kermerdyn  pur  peril  que  purra  auenir  duraunt  a 
sa  volente  car  les  murs  do  meisme  la  ville  sont  en  plusurs  lieux  escheux  et 
en  plusurs  lieux  en  point  de  chaier  sil  ne  soient  par  temps  amendez. 

"  Per  vnum  annum." 

[In  dor 90,^    "  H  semble  au  conseil  que  cest  a  graunter  sil  pleise  au  Roi." 
No  date.    The  handwriting  is  of  about  the  time  of  Edward  I. 


PARLIAMENTARY   PETITIONS.  4581. 

"  A  nostre  seigneur  le  Roi  et  a  soen  conseil  mostre*  ses  lieges  Burgeis  de 
Kaermerdyn  que  come  il  ount^eu  par  graunt  de  lui  et  de  soen  conseile  murage 
a  trois  aunz  que  passez  sont  pur  closture  de  la  dite  ville  et  a  forcement  pur 
les  Ghaleies  que  lour  manacent  de  iour  en  autre  de  prendre  la  dite  ville  la 
quele  closture  ne  poet  estre  parfomy  ne  fait  saunz  grant  ayde  al  honure  de 
lui  et  saluacion  de  sa  ville  auant  dite  Dont  il  prient  a  nostre  dit  seigneur 
et  a  soen  conseil  grantere  murage  pur  eel  closture  faire  taut  de  temps  come 
lour  pleise  en  aide  de  parfomir  la  dite  closture  pur  saluacion  de  sa  ville 
auant  dit'  et  de  ses  Burgeys  et  receite  de  sa  gent  enuiroun  quant  meatier 

BOit." 

[In  dorsoJ]    "  Concessum  est  per  consilium  quod  habeant  muragium  pro 
triennium." 
No  date.     The  handwriting  is  of  the  time  of  Edward  I  or  Edward  II. 


1  Meddle  or  interfere.  '  "  Montrent". 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XXxiii 


PARLIAMENTAEY    PETITIONS,  No.  4608.    9  EDWAED  II. 

"  Edwardus  Dei  gratia  Bex  Anglie  Dominus  Hibemie  et  Daz  Aqnitanie 
dllecto  et  fideli  suo  Willelmo  Marty n  Jasticiario  buo  Sath  Wallie  salutem. 
Gum  nnper  ad  inBinaacionem  Bargensium  nostrorum  de  Eaermerdyn  per 
peticionem  auum  coram  nobis  in  Parliamento  nostro  exhibitam  suggeren- 
cium  quod  cam  licet  per  dominum  Edwardam  quondam  Begem  Anglie 
patrem  nostrum  et  consilium  auum  necnon  et  consilium  nostrum  dum  Prin- 
oeps  Wallie  eztitimus  pro  emendacione  et  melioracione  Burgi  nostri  pre- 
dicti  et  aliorum  Burgorum  nostrorum  in  Wallia  ordinatum  fuisset  quod  nul- 
lus  in  partibus  ipsis  Burgis  vioinis  per  spacium  quinque  leucarum  in  circuitu 
eorundem  emeret  vel  yenderet  meroimonia  quocumque  nomine  censerentur 
nisi  in  ipsis  Burgis  sub  forisfactura  mercimoniorum  illorum  per  certum 
Ballivum  nostrum  ad  hoc  specialiter  deputandum  capiendum  ad  opus  nos- 
trum poetquam  eidem  Ballivo  constaret  manifesto  per  se  vel  considers cio- 
nem  Curie  nostre  quod  huiusmodi  mercimonia  emerentur  vel  manifesto  veU' 
dicioni  ezponerentur  qnamvis  minime  venderentnr  exceptis  Mis  in  locis  per 
cartas  privilegiatis  et  exceptis  pane  et  cervisia  in  predictis  Burgis  in  grosso 
emptis  que  postmodam  in  patria  per  ementes  licite  vendi  possunt  exceptis 
eciam  carnibus  et  piscibus  scissis  caseis  ovis  puUanis  et  huiusmodi  minutis 
▼endibilibus  set  quod  cera  aut  sepum  extra  Burgos  predictos  in  grosso 
minime  venderetur  pront  in  Uteris  per  predictum  patrem  nostrum  et  consi- 
lium suum  ao  nostrum  eisdem  Burgensibus  inde  confectis  plenius  contine- 
tur  Prior  tamen  de  Eaermerdyn  in  villa  sua  de  Veteri  Eaermerdyn  diete 
ville  nostre  de  Eaermerdyn  contigua  et  nondum  de  libertate  eiiisdem  ville 
nostre  de  Eaermerdyn  existente  omnimodo  mercimonia  emit  et  vendit  et 
vendicioni  exponit  et  alios  huiusmodi  mei^monia  emere  et  vendere  ac  ven- 
dicioni  exponere  ibidem  permittit  in  ipsorum  Bnrgensium  nostrorum  graue 
dispendium  et  prejudicium  manifestum  ac  contra  tenorem  literarum  predic- 
tamm  per  quod  vobis  nuper  mandauimus  quod  ipsum  Priorem  huiusmodi 
mercimonia  in  dicta  villa  sua  de  Veteri  Eaermerdyn  emere  et  vendere  sea 
vendicioni  exponere  contra  tenorem  literarum  predictarum  nullatenus  per- 
mittetis  nisi  idem  Prior  et  predecessores  seu  Priores  loci  illius  priuilegiati 
essent  per  cartas  nostras  vel  progenitorum  nostrorum  quondam  Kegum 
Anglie  quod  huiusmodi  mercimonia  ibidem  vendere  et  emere  ac  vendicioni 
exponere  de  iure  poterunt  et  debebunt  Et  quia  intelleximus  quod  vos  post 
mandatum  nostrum  vobis  inde  directum  scire  fecistis  Boberto  nunc  Priori 
ville  predicte  de  veteri  Eaermerdyn  quod  esset  coram  vobis  ad  certum  diem 
ad  ostendendum  si  quid  haberet  pro  se  quare  huiusmodi  mercatum  in  villa 
sua  predicta  tenere  possit  et  debeat  de  iure  vt  predictum  est  et  qnamvis 
idem  Prior  nichil  inde  ostenderit  coram  vobis  per  quod  dictum  mercatum 
habere  et  tenere  possit  ant  debeat  Vos  nichilominus  mandatum  nostrum 
nobis  inde  prius  directum  debite  execucioni  nondum  demandastis  ad  grave 
dampnum  ipsorum  Burgensium  et  contra  tenorem  literarum  predictarum.... 
ex  querela  sua  accepimus  iterata.  Nolentes  igitur  quod  prefatis  Burgensi- 
bus preindicetur  in  hac  parte  vobis  mandamus  sicnt  alias  mandauimus  quod 
si  ita  est  tunc  inspecto  tenore  literarum  predictarum  ipsos  Burgenses  liber- 
tatibuB  in  eisdem  Uteris  contentis  vti  eb  gaudere  pacifice  permittatis  prout 
eis  vti  debent  et  predecessores  sui  Burgenses  einsdem  ville  a  tempore  con- 
feccionis  literarum  predictarum  eis  rationabiliter  uti  consaeverunt  prefatam 

VOL.  II,  / 


XXxiv  ORIGINAX  DOCUMENTS. 

Friorem  sen  alios  de  partibus  illis  mercimonia  predicts  de  oetero  emere  vea- 

dere  sen  vendioioni  ezponere  in  villa  sua  predicta tenorem  literarum 

prediotamm  sub  pena  in  predictis  Uteris  contenta  nullatenns  permittentes 
vel  causam  nobis  significatis  quare  mandatum  nostram  prius  vobis  inde 
directum  exequi  noluistis  vel  non  debuistis  Teste  me  ipso  apud  Kjnggea- 
Klypston'  prime  die  Novembris  anno  regni  nostri  none." 

[In  dorso.']  "  Istud  breve  inspexi  et  intellezl  cuius  tenorem  debite  exequi 
non  possnmus  neo  alterius  michi  super  huiusmodi  tenorem  prius  directi 
exequi  non  potui  eo  quod  licet  in  Utteris  Domini  Regis  eisdem  Burgensibus 
factis  quas  inspeximus  oontinetur  quod  nullus  extra  burgum  Domini  Regis 
in  Wallia  in  circuitu  eorundem  per  spacium  quinque  leucarum  emeret  vel 
venderet  mercimonia  quocunque  nomine  censerentur  sicut  ordinatum  est 
Rob'tus  Prior  de  Kaermerdyn  sumonitus  venit  et  dicit  quod  ipse  et  prede- 
cessores  sui  Priores  eiusdem  loci  et  homines  sui  in  villa  sua  de  Yeteri  Koar- 
merdyn  a  tempore  quo  non  extat  memoria'  emerunt  et  vendiderunt  et  ven- 
dioioni exposuerunt  omnimodo  de  mercimonia  et  quod  huiusmodi  libertatibus 
eis  uti  debent  per  quod  non  potest  mihi  legitime  constare  ad  execncionem 
dicti  brevis  faciendum.'' 


LLANBADARN  VAWR. 
Charter  Boll,  6  Edward  I,  No,  24. 

^^Pro  Burgensibus  de  Lampader. 

"  Rex  Archiepiscopis  Episcopis  etc.  salutem.  Sciatis  quod  volumus  et  con- 
cessimus  quod  villa  nostra  de  Lanbadar  sit  liber  Burgus  imperpetuum. 
Concessimus  eciam  Burgensibus  nostris  eiusdem  Burgi  et  heredibus  eorum 
quod  villam  suam  de  Lanbadar  (^audant  fossato  et  Muro  et  quod  habeant 
Gildam  mercatoriam  cum  Hansa  et  aliis  consuetudinibus  et  libertatibus  ad 
gildam  illam  pertinentibus  et  quod  nnllus  qui  non  sit  de  Gilda  ilia  mercan- 
disam  aliquam  faciat  in  predicto  Burgo  nisi  de  voluntate  eorundem  Burgen* 
slum  Concessimus  eciam  eis  et  eorum  heredibus  quod  si  aliquis  natiuus 
alicujus  in  prefato  Burgo  manserit  et  terram  in  eo  tenuerit  et  fuerit  in  pre- 
fata  Gilda  et  Hansa  et  Loth  et  Sooth  cum  eiusdem  Burgensibus  nostris 
per  vnum  annum  et  vnum  diem  sine  calumpnia  deinceps  non  possit  repeti 
a  domino  suo  set  in  eodem  Burgo  liber  permaneat.  Preterea  concessimus 
prefatis  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Llanbadar  et  heredibus  eorum  quod  habeant 
Soc  et  Sao  et  Theol  et  Theam  et  infangenethef  et  quod  quieti  sint  per  totam 
terram  nostram  de  Thelonio  Lestagio  passag^o  Pontagio  et  stallagio  et  de 
Lene  et  Danegeld'  et  Taywitte  et  omnibus  aUis  consuetudinibus  et  ezaccio* 
nibus  per  totam  potestatem  nostram  tarn  in  Anglla  quam  in  omnibus  aliis 
terris  nostris.  £t  ooncedimus  quod  predicti  Burgenses  nostri  de  Lanbadar 
habeant  imperpetuum  omnes  alias  libertates  quietancias  per  totam  terram 
nostram  quas  habent  Burgenses  nostri  Montis  Gomezy.  Volumus  eciam  et 
concedimuB  predictis  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Lanbadar  quod  habeant  singu- 
lis annis  imperpetuum  duas  ferias  in  predicto  Burgo  scilicet  vnam  ad  Pente- 
costen  per  quatuor  dies  duraturam  scilicet  in  vigilia  et  die  et  duobus  diebus 
sequentibus  et  aliam  ad  festum  Sancti  Michaelis  per  octo  dies  duraturam 
scilicet  in  vigilia  et  die  Sancti  Michaelis  et  sex  diebus  sequentibus  et  vnum 
mercatum  ibidem  per  diem  Lune  singulis  sepUmanis  cum  omnibus  liberta- 
tibus et  liberis  consuetadinibus  ad  higosmodi  ferias  et  mercata  pertinent!* 


•  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XXXV 

bus  VolumuB  insnper  qaod  omnes  meroatores  terramm  nostrarani  et  mer- 
oatores  aliarum  terramm  qui  sunt  ad  pacem  nostram  et  eorum  meroandiae 
ad  prediotum  Bargain  venientes  et  ibidem  morantes  et  inde  recedentee 
habeant  libertatem  venire  stare  et  reoedere  tarn  per  aqaas  qaam  per  terram 
et  qaod  Uberos  habeant  introitas  in  terram  nostram  et  liberoe  exitas  a  terra 
nostra  sine  omni  impedimento  Balliyoram  nostroram  et  alioram  &oiendo 
debitas  et  reotas  oonsaetadines  Qaare  volamas  et  firmiter  precipimus  qaod 
predictam  villam  de  Lanbadar  sit  Uber  Barg:us  et  qaod  predicti  Bargensee 
habeant  Gildam  meroatoriam  cum  Hansa  et  aliis  libertatibns  et  liberis  oon- 
Buetadinibos  ad  Qildam  illam  pertinentibas  et  qaod  habeant  duas  ferias  per 
annam  ad  Pentecosten  et  ad  festam  Sancti  Michaelis  et  ynam  mercatam 
singalis  septimanis  per  diem  Lane  et  qaod  habeant  libertates  et  qaietancias 
predictas  imperpetaum  bene  et  in  paoe  libere  et  quiete  plenarie  et  integ^e 
sicat  predictam  est  salaa  libertate  Oiaitatis  nostre  London'  Hiis  testibas 
▼enerabilibas  patribas  £.  Bathon'  et  Well'  et  Th.  Hereford'  Episcopis 
Willelmo  de  Yaleno'  ananoalo  n'ro.  Henrico  de  Lacy  Comite  Lino*  Bogero 
de  Mortao  Man  Anton.  Beke  Archidiaoono  Danelm'  Hag.  fil'  Otton' 
Walt'o  de  Helyun  Bic'o  de  Bosco  et  aliis.  Data  per  mannm  nostram  apad 
Westmon'  zzri^  die  Deoembris." 

See  et  sao'S  the  right  to  hold  a  court,  and  hare  cognisance  of  pleas. 
Tor^  the  right  to  take  toll  on  things  bought  and  sold. 
Theam'',  the  right  to  compel  a  person  in  possession  of  anything  stolen 
to  account  from  whom  he  received  it. 

"  Infangenether'>  the  right  to  try  and  sentence  a  thief  caught  within  the 
limit  of  the  borpugh. 

"  Lestagium",  a  payment  on  shipbuilding. 
"  Pontagium",  a  bridge-toll. 
Passagium"  a  tax  for  the  maintenance  and  guard  of  roads. 
Stallagium",  a  right  to  receive  dues  for  stalls  erected. 
Leue",  or  "  Leva",  a  compulsory  payment  to  the  authorities. 
Danegeld",  a  tax  of  two  shillings  for  every  hide  of  land,  originally  levied 
to  repel  Danish  invasions,  and  afterwards  occasionally  on  any  like  emergency. 
"  Tay  wite",  probably  same  as  tallage,  a  tax  demandable  at  the  will  of  the 
lord. 


€1 
« 

«i 


«( 


BUILTH. 
[Patent  SoU,  7  Richard  IT,  p.  i,  m.  8.] 

Be  Confirmacione.    Buelt  m  Wallia. 

Bex  omnibus  ad  quos  &c.  salutem.  InspeximuB  oartam  Domini  E.  quon- 
dam Begis  Anglie  proavi  nostri  in  hec  verba.  Edwardus  Dei  gratia  Bex 
Anglie.  Dominus  Hibemie  et  Dux  Aqaitannie.  Archiepiscopis  Episcopis 
Abbatibus  Prioribus  Comitibus  Baronibus  Justiciariis  Vicecomitibus  Pte- 
positis  Ministris  &  omnibus  Ballivis  et  fidelibus  suis  salutem.  Inspeximus 
cartam  quam  Celebris  memorie  Dominus  E.  quondam  Bex  Anglie  pater  nos- 
ter  fecit  Burgensibus  de  Buelt  in  Wallia.  in  hec  verba  Edwardus  Dei 
graoia  Bex  Anglie  Dominus  Hibemie  et  Dux  Aquitanie  Archiepiscopis  Epis- 
oopis  Abbatibus  Prioribus  Comitibus  Baronibus  Justiciariis  Vicecomitibus 
Prepositis  Ministris  et  omnibus  Balliuis  A  fidelibus  suis  salutem.  Sciatis 
nos  oonoessisfie  &  hac  carta  nostra  confirmasse  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Buelt 


XXXvi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.* 

in  Wallia  omnes  libertates  sabscriptas  videlicet  quod  habeont  Gildam  mer- 
catoriam  cam  Hansa  et  aliis  conauetudinibus  et  llbertatibaa  od  Gildam  illam 
pertinentibus,  et  quod  nuUus  qui  not  sit  de  Gilda  ilia  mercandisam  aliquam 
faciat  in  Burgo  predicto  vel  in  suburbio  ejusdem  nisi  de  voluntate  eoron- 
dem  Borgensiam.  Concessimua  eciam  eisdem  Burgensibus  et  eorum  bere- 
dibua  quod  ai  aliquis  natiTua  alictgua  in  prefato  Bargo  manaerit  &  terram 
in  eo  tenuerit  &  fuerit  in  prefata  Gilda  &  Hanaa  &  loth'  &  aooth'  cum  eis- 
dem Burgenaibua  per  unum  annum  &  unum  diem  sine  calumpnia  deinceps. 
non  poaait  repeti  a  Domino  ano  set  in  eodem  Burgo  liber  permaneat.  Pre- 
terea  oonceaaimua  prefatia  Burgensibus  noatria  de  Buelt  &  heredibus  eorum 
quod  babeant  aoch  &  aach  thol  &  theam  &  infangenthef  Et  quod  quieti  aint 
per  totam  terram  noatram  de  theolonio  leatagio  pasaagio  pontagio  &  atalla- 
gio,  et  de  lone^  &  Dane  geldis  &  gajwyte  &  omnibua  aliis  conauetudinibus 
et  ezactionibua  per  totam  poteatatem  nostram.  tam  in  Wallia  quam  in 
omnibua  aliia  terria  noatris  sicut  villa  nostra  Hereford'  predictis  libertatibus 
et  quietanciis  hactenua  uaa  eat  et  graviaa  Quare  volumus  et  firmiter  pre- 
cipimus  quod  prefati  Borgenaea  noatri  de  Buelt  et  heredes  eorum  babeant 
Gildam  mercatoriam  cum  Hanaa  et  aliia  libertatibus  et  conauetudinibua  ad 
gildam  illam  pertinentibua.  Et  quod  habeant  omnea  libertates  et  quletan- 
cias  predictas  imperpetuum  bene  et  in  pace  libere  et  quiete  bonorifice  pie- 
narie  et  integre  sicut  predictum  est.  &  sicut  villa  nostra  Hereford'  predictis 
libertatibus  et  quietanciis  bactenus  usa  est  &  gavisa.  Hiis  testibus  venera- 
bilibus  patribus  Godefrido  Wygorn',  Tboma  Hereforden*.  Willelmo  Norwi- 
cen'  Episcopis.  Edmundo  fratre  nostro.  Willelmo  de  Valencia  Bogero  de 
Mortuo  Mari  Bogero  de  Clifford'  Hugone  filio  Ottonis  Waltero  de  Heli- 
oun.  &  aHia,  Data  per  manum  nostram.  apud  Westmonasterium  quarto  die 
Novembris  anno  regni  nostri  sexto.  Nos  autem  concessiones  &  confirma- 
tionem  predictas  ratas  habentes  et  gpratas,  eas  pro  nobis  &  heredibus  nostris 
quantum  in  nobis  est  concedimus  &  confirmamus  sicut  carta  predicta  ratio- 
nabiliter  testatur.  Hiis  teatibua  venerabili  patre  B.  Dunolm'  Epiacopo, 
Gilberto  de  Clare  Comite  Glouceatrie  &  Hertford'  Hamfrido  de  Bohnn 
Comite  Hereford'  &  Esaex  Henrico  de  Percy  Hugone  le  Deapenaer  Mar- 
maduco  de  Twenge  Edmundo  de  Malo  Lacu.  Seneacallo  Hoapicii  noatri  et 
aliia.  Data  per  manum  noatram  apud  Dunolmum  viceeimo  prime  die  Ma\j, 
anno  regni  noatri  aeptimo.  Noa  autem  rata  habentea  et  grata  cartam  pre- 
dictam  et  omnia  contenta  in  eadem,  illis  verbis,  et  quod  nuUus  qui  non  sit 
de  Gilda  ilia  mercandisam  aliquam  faciat  in  Burgo  predicto  vel  in  suburbio 
ejusdem.  nisi  de  voluntate  eorundem  Bargensium,  dumtazat  ezceptis,  ea 
pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quantum  in  nobis  est,  exceptis  preexoeptis, 
acceptamus  approbamus  ratificamus  et  eisdem  Burgensibus  et  successoribus 
Buis  concedimus  et  confirmamus  prout  ipsi  et  antecessores  sui  libertatibus 
et  quietanciis  predictis  et  earum  qualibet  rationabiliter  uti  et  gaudere  oon- 
sueverunt   In  cuius  &c.  T'  B.  apud  Westmonasterium  xvi^  die  Nouembris. 

"  Pro  duabua  marcia  aolutia  in  Hanaperio." 


1  *i 


Lone"  in  the  roUa  of  6  Edward  I  and  7  Edward  II. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XXXVU 


H  AVERFOED  W  EST. 

[Charter  Boll,  5  Edward  III,  No.  46.] 

"P*  Burgetisibua  VtUa  de  Hatterford, 

'*  Bex  ArchiepiBCopiB  &c.  Balatem.  Inspezimas  cartam  qaam  Celebris  me- 
morie  Dominus  Edwardas  quondam  Bex  Anglie  anus  noeter  fecit  Burgensi- 
bas  de  Hauerford  in  hec  verba.  Edwardoa  dei  gratia  Eez  Anglie  Dominus 
Hibemie  et  Dux  Aquitanie  Archiepiscopis  Episcopis  Abbatibus  Prioribus 
Comitibus  Baronibus  Justiciariis  Yicecomitibus  Prepositis  Ministris  et  om- 
nibus ballivis  et  fidelibus  suis  salutem.  Sciatis  quod  concessimus  et  hao 
carta  confirmavimus  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Hauerford  omnes  bonas  leges 
et  consuetudines  quibus  Burgenses  nostri  de  Eardigan  nsi  sunt  hucusque 
rationabiliter  et  gauisi  yt  in  communis  planis  aquis  et  omnibus  allifl  aisia- 
mentis  ad  predictam  villam  de  Hauerford  spectantibus  et  semper  retroactis 
temporibus  optenUs  et  iuste  usitatis.  Concessimus  eciam  eisdem  Burgen- 
sibus quod  de  seipsis  eligant  singulis  annis  tres  probos  et  legales  homines 
et  eos  Constabulario  nostro  ibidem  qui  pro  tempore  fuerit  in  proximo  Hun- 
dredo  nostro  post  festum  Sancti  Michaelis  presentent  qui  unum  ex  ipsis  tri- 
bus  eHgat  et  proficiat  Ballivum  nostrum  ville  predicte  qui  sacrum  prestabit 
coram  eodem  Constabulario  de  hiis  que  ad  ballivam  eiusdem  ville  pertinent 
faciendum  et  fideUter  exequendum.  Concessimus  insuper  dictis  Burgensi- 
bus quod  ipsi  pro  transgressione  sea  forisfactura  seruientum  suorum  catalla 
et  bona  sua  in  manibus  eorundem  seruientum  inuenta  sen  alicubi  locorum 
per  ipsos  seruientes  infra  terram  nostram  deposita  quatenus  ipsi  Burgenses 
bona  ilia  vel  catalla  sua  esse  sufficienter  probare  poterunt  non  amittant. 
Et  quod  si  dicti  Burgenses  aut  eorum  aliquis  infra  terram  et  potestatem 
nostram  testati  vel  intestati  decesserint.  Nos  vel  heredes  nostri  bona  ipso- 
rum  confiscari  non  faciemus  quin  eorum  heredes  bona  ilia  integpre  habeant 
quatenus  ea  dictorum  defunctorum  fuisse  constiterit.  Dam  tamen  de  dictis 
heredibus  fides  aut  noticia  habeatur.  Concessimus  insuper  eisdem  Burgen- 
sibus nostris  quod  nullus  eorum  infra  potestatem  nostram  vexetur  pro 
debito  alicuius  yicini  sui,  nisi  fuerit  debitor  vel  plegius  et  quamvis  plegius 
inueniatur  debitum  inde  soluere  non  cogatur  quamdiu  debitor  habeat  vnde 
debitum  illud  soluere  possit.  Et  quod  omnes  transgressiones  infra  liberum 
Burgum  predictum  facti  pro  eorundem  Burgensium  consideracionem  emen- 
dentur  sicut  prius  fieri  consueuit.  Et  eciam  quod  si  aliquis  eorum  alicui 
infra  Burgum  ilium  forisfecerit  non  ducatur  infra  portas  Castri  nostri  ibi- 
dem ad  detinendum  pro  forisfactura  ilia  dum  bonos  et  saluos  plegios  inue- 
nire  possit  de  stando  iuri  nisi  in  casu  transgressionis  in  quo  replegiabilia 
non  extiterit.  Et  quamvis  aliquis  eorundem  Burgensium  rem  aliquam  claro 
die  coram  vicinis  suis  emerit  que  postmodum  tanquam  furtum  calumpniata 
fuerit  nichil  aliud  ob  hoc  amittet  nisi  tantum  rem  illam  set  iurabit  cum 
Sacramento  vicinorum  suorum  quod  nesciuit  rem  illam  emptam  fuisse  de 
latrone.  Et  quod  nullus  eorum  cogatur  accomodare  ballivo  suo  vltra  duode- 
cim  denarios  nisi  fuerit  sua  spontanea  voluntate.  Et  quod  nulla  inquisicio 
de  rebus  forinsecis  fiat  per  predictos  Burgenses  set  per  libere  tenentes  patrie 
sicut  hucusque  fieri  consueuit.  Concessimus Jnsuper  prefatis  Burgensibus 
nostris  quod  ipsi  a  prestacone  theolonii  per  totam  terram  et  potestatem 


XXXViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

noetram  immunes  sint  decetero  et  qnieti.  Qaare  yolamiis  et  firmiter  preei- 
pimue  pro  nobis  et  heredibas  nostris  qnod  predict!  Borgenses  nostri  et  snc- 
cessores  Bui  habeant  et  teneant  omnes  libertatea  quietancias  et  liberas  oon- 
Buetudines  superius  expressas  aine  oocasione  vel  impedimento  nostri  vel 
heredam  nostronim  ballivorum  sea  ministroram  nostrorum  quoramcunqoe 
imperpetuum  Hiis  testibas  venerabilibns  patribns  B.  Batbon'  et  Wellen' 
et  Bb  Hereford'  Episcopis  Gilberto  de  Clare  Comite  Glouo'  et  Herteford' 
Edwardo  de  Mortuo  Mari  Johanne  de  Hastinges  Johanne  Tregoz  Bogero 
de  Mortao  Mari  Waltero  de  Bello  Oampo  Bicardo  de  Bosco  et  aliis.  Data 
per  manam  noetram  apud  Hereford  primo  die  Noaembris  anno  regni  nostri 
decimo  nono.  Inspezimus  eciam  cartam  qnam  Willelmus  Marescballns 
dudom  Comes  Pembroc'  fecit  prefatis  Borgensibns  in  hec  verba.  Willelmus 
Marescallas  Comes  Penbroc'  omnibus  ad  quos  presens  carta  peruenerit  tam 
presentibus  quam  futuris  salutem.  Sciatls  me  dedisse  concessisse  et  bao 
presenti  carta  mea  confirmasse  Burgensibus  meis  de  Hauerford  has  liberta- 
tos  et  liberas  consuetudines  subscriptas  scilicet  quod  homo  cuiusoumque 
condicionis  sit  ibidem  habitans  per  annum  et  diem  absque  calumpnia  liber 
sit.  Item  homo  habens  ibi  domum  vel  terram  et  eam  per  annum  et  diem 
paciflce  possidens  non  respondeat  de  ea  absque  brevi  domini  Comitis  Item 
quod  habeant  Burgenses  illi  de  foresta  mea  de  Nerberd'  mortuum  bosoum 
sibi  ad  ardendum  et  viridem  ad  sibi  edificandum  racionabiliter  per  visum 
forestariorum  Item  licet  Burgensibus  illis  dare  vendere  inuadiare  terras 
domes  et  borgagia  sua  saluo  iure  domini  nisi  in  religionem.  Item  licet  eis- 
dem  capere  namia  pro  debito  suo  in  villa  sua  de  debitore  suo  vel  de  plegio 
vel  de  homine  vel  de  vicino  debitoris  illias  qui  fuerit  de  tenemento  comitatus 
Penbroc'  Item  misericordia  eorum  non  ezcedat  duodacim  denarios  de  all- 
qua  loquela  que  ad  Hundredum  pertinet.  Item  Burgensis  captns  a  bailliuo 
dimittatur  per  vadia  et  plegios  nisi  sit  pro  morte  hominis  captus  et  per 
indicium  Hundredi  deducatur  de  hoc  quod  ad  Hundredum  pertinet.  Item 
heres  Burgensis  quacumque  morte  preocupati  habeat  hereditatem  et  catallum 
patris  Bui  cuiuscumque  sit  etatis  dando  pretori  duodecim  denarios  pro  rele- 
uio  suo  de  Burgagio  scilicet  nee  sit  nisi  in  custodia  parentum  et  amicorum 
suorum  saluo  sibi  catallo  suo  nisi  pater  eius  fuerit  vsurarius.  Item  si  res  fur- 
tiua  ematur  in  Burgo  suo  de  clara  die  coram  testibus  data  inde  oonsueta- 
dine  et  ipsa  res  postea  vendicetur  emptor  inde  habeat  warantum  suum  si 
potest  sin  autem  et  res  ilia  probata  fuerit  fuisse  alterius  hominis  tunc  emp- 
tor tantam  perdat  pecuniam  quam  pro  re  ilia  dedit  sine  alia  misericordia  et 
sine  alio  dampno.  Item  si  equus  inventus  fiierit  in  prato  dominii  detur 
nummus  pro  eo  de  misericordia.  Item  si  dominus  vel  balliuus  eius  ierit  ad 
parliamentum  vel  in  ezercitum  tunc  eant  Burgenses  illi  cum  eo  cum  quanta 
gente  poterunt  salua  custodia  ville  sue  lit  autem  heo  mea  donacio  et  cou- 
cessio  rata  et  stabilis  perseueret  eam  presentis  carte  mee  testimonio  cum 
sigilli  mei  apposicione  corroboraui.  Hiis  testibus  Willelmus  Crasso  tunc 
Senescallus  Penbroc'  Henrico  filio  G-eroldi  Jordano  de  Saukeuill'  Widone 
de  Cultura  Willelmo  de  Wideworth  Badulpho  Bloet  Ada  de  Bupe  Wil- 
lemo  de  Brion'  Willelmo  de  Bary  Bicardo  Mangonel  Waltero  filio  Gil- 
bert! Boberto  paupere  Pentecoste  derico  Waltero  filio  Beginaldi  et  Philippe 
clerico  et  multis  aliis.  Inspezimus  insuper  cartam  confirmacionis  quam 
Willelmus  MareschaJlus  dudum  Comes  Pembroc'  fecit  prefiitis  Burgensibus 
in  hec  verba.  Soiant  presences  et  fiituri  quod  ego  Willelmus  Marescallus 
Comes  Penbroc'  dedi  et  concessi  et  hac  presenti  carta  mea  oonfirmaui  Bur- 


OBIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  XXxix 

genriboB  meis  de  Hauerford'  omnes  libertates  et  liberas  oonsnetadinee  verbo 
ad  Terbam  sicat  dominus  Comes  pater  meus  melias  et  liberius  eis  carta  ana 
concessit  habendas  et  possidendas  ipsis  et  heredibas  suis  de  me  et  beredibus 
meis  libere  quiete  integre  et  pacifice  in  omnibus  locis  sicat  predicta  carta 
domini  Comitis  patris  mei  testator.  Et  vt  bee  mea  donacio  et  ooncessio 
rata  et  stabilis  imposterum  perseueret  presenti  scripto  sigilli  mei  apposoi 
firmamentnm.  Data  apud  Strigall'  vj  Id'  Septembris  anno  Begis  Henrioi 
filii  Regis  Johannis  tercio  Hiis  testibus  Johanne  de  Erlega  Tboma  filio 
Anselmi  Waltero  Pu*cell'  Badulpbo  Bloet  Will'o  Crasso  primogenito 
Hamone  Crasso  Beimundo  de  Yalle  Willelmo  Saard'  Waldewino  de 
Betan'  Jobanne  de  Botreans  Jobanne  de  Erlega  juniore  Gilberto  de  Yalle 
Waltero  filio  GKleberti  Boberto  de  Bape  Magistro  Johanne  de  Lada 
Badnlpho  derico  et  multis  aliis.  Inspezimus  eciam  cartam  quam  Willelmas 
Marescballus  dudam  Comes  Fenbroc'  fecit  prefatis  Burgensibas  in  bee  verba. 
Omnibus  presentee  literas  inspecturis  et  auditnris  Willelmus  Mareschallua 
Gomes  Pembroo'  salutem  et  dileocionem  Yniversitati  vestre  duzimus  signi- 
ficandum  quod  noe  dilectis  et  fidelibus  Burgensibus  Hauerford  concessimus 
quod  babeant  Giidam  morcatoriam  ad  comodum  eorum  et  yille  sue.  Prete- 
rea  concessimus  eisdem  quod  decetero  nulli  audiantur  super  peticionem  ali- 
quorum  Burgagiornm  in  villa  Hauerford'  qui  ad  sumonioionem  nostram  non 
oomparauerunt*  ad  burgage  sua  reedificandum  et  ad  respondendum  de  ave- 
ragia  nobis  inde  contingentibns  Item  concessimus  eisdem  quod  decetero 
de  eis  siccam  molturam  non  capiemus  nee  capere  faciemus  Item  concessi- 
mus eisdem  quod  decetero  sint  liberi  de  stallagio  in  villa  Pembroo'  Hiis 
testibus  domino  G.  Men'  domino  Jobanne  de  Erlega  domino  Ada  de  Bupe 
domino  Henrico  de  Hereford  domino  Bogero  de  Hida  domino  W.  de  Wida 
domino  G.  de  Yalle  domino  W.  filio  Gilberte  domino  Waltero  de  Yalle 
domino  Drugone  Domino  Simone  filio  Willelmi  Benedicto  clerico  et  aliis 
multis.  Inspeximus  insuper  quandam  aliam  cartam  quam  idem  Comes  fecit 
eisdem  Burgensibus  in  bee  verba  Willelmus  Marescallus  Comes  Pembroch' 
Senescallis  vicecomitibus  Constabulariis  prepositis  et  omnibus  Ballivis  et 
hominibus  suis  salutem.  Noneritis  nos  concessisse  et  hac  presenti  carta  con- 
firmasse  dilectis  et  fidelibus  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Hauerford  vt  quieti  sint 
per  totam  terram  nostram  de  tonnagio.'  Concessimus  eciam  eisdem  quod 
nuUus  ipsorum  ponatur  in  placitum  de  Bnrgagio  suo  nisi  coram  nobis  et  per 
breve  decetero.  Item  quod  nullus  dissaisitus  sit  de  Burgagio  suo  neo  de 
pertinenciis  sine  iudicio.  Item  quod  nulla  creancia  fiat  balliuis  ultra  quar- 
tum  anni  msi  ezeroitus  veniret  in  terram  nostram.  Item  quod  non  vadant 
ad  equitaturam  nisi  cum  corpore  nostro  nee  ad  ezeroitum  nisi  cum  corpore 
nostro  vel  cum  capitali  bailliuo  nostro  ad  communem  defensionem  terre 
nostre.  Item  quod  non  capiantur  sine  iudicio  nee  detineantur  contra  vadia 
et  plegios  nisi  in  casibus  secundum  formam  in  carta  domini  patris  nostri 
oontentam.  Yolumus  eciam  quod  nullus  mercator  sit  in  terra  nostra  qui  non 
sit  residens  in  burgis  nostris  et  quod  naves  venientes  cum  mercaturis  in 
Milford'  non  vadant  alibi  in  terra  nostra  ad  merces  suas  vendendas  nisi 
apud  Penbroc'  vel  Hauerford'  saluis  tamen  consuetudinibus  nobis  inde 
debitis.    Quare  volumus  et  firmiter  precipimus  vt  predicti  Burgenses  nostri 


'  In  the  sense  of  «om|Kiratir0. 

*  Tonnage  dues  on  wine  and  merchandise. 


Xl  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

pre&tas  habeant  libertates  et  vt  nallua  eorum  contra  tenorem  eorundem 
vexare  presumat.  Et  vt  hee  nostra  conoessio  rata  BtabilUque  permaneat 
banc  cartam  nostram  sigilli  nostri  apposicione  dasdmus  roborandam.  Hiis 
testibus  Willelmo  Crasso  primogenito  Henrici  de  Braboef  Badulpho  Bloet 
Hamone  Crasso  Begone  de  EenoaiU'  Willelmo  Suhard  Bicardo  Sahard 
Magistro  Stephano  de  Lucy  Pentecosta  clerico  et  Beginaldo  et  Kadnlpho 
clericis  nostris  et  mnltis  aliis.  Inspeximus  eciam  cartam  quam  Gilbertna 
Maresohallas  quondam  Comes  Pembroc'  fecit  prefatis  Burgensibas  in  hec 
▼erba.  Omnibus  presens  scriptum  visuris  vel  audituris  Gilebertus  Mares- 
callus  Comes  Pembroc'  salutem  in  domino.  Nouerit  yniversitas  vestra  nos 
ooncessisse  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  dilectis  Burgensibus  nostris  de 
Hauerford  et  heredibus  suis  quod  per  totam  terram  nostram  tarn  in  Anglia 
quam  Wallia  Hibernia  et  Scocia  et  vbicumque  posse  nostrum  eztendit  ex- 
ceptis  dominicis  nostris  vbi  consuetudines  dare  consueuerunt  quieti  sint  et 
liberi  de  toloneo  pontagio  et  passagio  de  omnibus  consuetudinibus  sicut 
ipsos  melius  et  liberius  super  premissis  quietos  facere  possumus  et  liberos. 
Et  prohibemus  super  plenam  forsfacturam  nostram  nequis  in  dictis  terris 
nostris  contra  banc  concessionem  nostram  venire  presumat  exigendo  ab  eis 
yel  eorum  heredibus  teolonium  pontagium  passagium  sive  aliquas  alias  con- 
suetudines extra  dominica  nostra  Hanc  vero  concessionem  nostram  nos  et 
heredes  nostri  dictis  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Hauerford  et  eorum  heredibus 
contra  omnes  homines  imperpetuum  warantizabimus.  Et  vt  hec  nostra  oon- 
ceseio  futuris  temporibus  robur  firmitatis  obtineat  presens  scriptum  sigilli 
nostri  munimine  duximus  roborandum  Hiis  testibus  dominis  Waltero  Marea- 
callo  Anselmo  Marescallo  Willelmo  Crasso  primogenito  Stephano  Ban- 
can  tunc  Senescallo  Pembroc'  Bicardo  Harand  Waltero  filio  Gileberti 
Boberto  filio  Henrici  Galfrido  de  Laungelega  Willelmo  de  Christi  eccle- 
sia  et  aliis.  Nos  autem  donaciones  concessiones  et  confirmaciones  predictas 
ratas  habentes  et  gratas  eas  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quantum  in  no- 
bus  est  prefatis  Burgensibus  viile  de  Hauerford  et  eorum  heredibus  ac  sue- 
cessoribus  Burgensibus  eiusdem  ville  concedimus  et  confirmamus  sicut  carte 
predicte  racionabiliter  testantur  et  prout  iidem  Burgenses  et  eorum  ante- 
cessores  Ubertatibus  et  quietanciis  predictis  hactenus  racionabiliter  vsi  sunt 
et  gauisi.  Hiis  testibus  venerabili  patre  J.  Wynton'  Episcopo  Cancellario 
nostro  Thoma  Comite  Norff*  et  Marescallo  AngUe  auunculo  nostro  Hu- 
gone  Daudele  Oliuero  de  Ingham  Badulpho  de  Neuill'  Senescallo  Hospicii 
nostri  et  aliis.  Data  per  manum  nostram  apud  yUlam  de  Sancto  Edmundo 
quarto  die  Jun\j.    Per  finem  zx  solidorum  Walliie." 


[^Charier  Bollj  9  and  10  Richard  II,  No,  18.] 

^^Fro  Burgensibus  Ville  Regis  de  Hauerford  in  Wallia, 

"Bex  eisdem  (Archiepiscopis  etc.)  salutem.  Sciatis  nos  de  gratia  nostra 
speciali  concessisse  et  hac  carta  nostra  confirmasse  Burgensibus  ville  nostre 
de  Hauerford  in  Wallia  quod  ipsi  heredes  ac  successores  sui  Burgenses  eius- 
dem ville  imperpetuum  liberi  sint  et  quieti  tarn  per  totum  regnum  nostruni 
Anglie  quam  in  Wallia  et  Hibernia  de  Eaiagio'  et  muragio'  pro  mercandisis 

1  Quay  dues.  '  A  tax  on  merchandise  for  building  walls  of  towns. 


OIUGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  xli 

sea  aliis  bonis  et  catallis  eorandem  Borgensium  sen  heredam  ac  suooess- 
Oram  Buorum  prediotorum  pretandis  ve[l]  soluendis  Quare  volnmus  et  firmi- 
ter  precipimas  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quantum  in  nobis  est  quod 
predicti  Bargenses  et  heredes  ac  succesaores  [sui]  liberi  sint  et  quieti  tarn 
per  totam  rej^num  nostrum  Anglie  quam  in  Wallia  et  Hibernia  de  Eaiagio 
et  muragio  pro  huiusmodi  mercandisis  sea  aliis  bo[nis]'et  oatallis  sais  qui- 
boscunque  prestandis  vel  solaendis  sicat  predictum  est.  Hiis  testibas  vene- 
rabilibus  patribus  W.  Archiepisoopo  Gantuarense  toci[uB]  Anglie  Primate 
B.  London*  W.  Wynton'  Episcopis  Johanne  Bege  Castelle  et  Legionis 
Duce  Lancastrie  Edmundo  Eboracl  Thoma  Glouc[e8tr']  ducibns  auanculis 
nostris  carissimis  Bioardo  Arandell'  Hugone  Stafford  Micbaele  de  la  Pole 
Suffolk  Cancellarlo  nostro  Comitibus  Hugo[ne]  de  Segraue  Thesaorario 
nostro  Johanne  de  Monte  Acato  Senescallo  Hospic^j  nostri  et  aliis.  Data 
per  manu'  nostram  apud  Westm'  six  die  Decembris. 


C( 


Per  ipsum  Begem  &  per  finem  quinque  marcarum." 


The  original  of  the  following  charter  is  still  at  Laugharne,  and  was  pro- 
duced on  the  occasion  of  the  recent  visit  of  the  Society  to  some  of  the 
members,  by  the  Bev.  Jasper  N.  Harrison,  vicar  of  Laughame,  who  subse- 
quently lent  a  transcript  of  the  charter,  made  during  his  residence  there  by 
the  late  Mr.  A.  J.  Kempe  of  the  State  Paper  Office,  for  the  purpose  of  its 
publication  in  the  Journal  of  the  Society. 

"  LAUGH  ABNE. 

'*  Omnibus  Chris ti  fidelibus  ad  quos  presens  scriptum  pervenerit  Gwydo 
de  Brione  minor  salutem  in  domino  sempiternam.  Noverit  universitas  ves* 
tra  nos  concessisse  dilectis  et  fidelibus  burgensibus  de  Thalacarn  pro  nobis 
et  heredibus  nostris  et  qnibuscanque  successoribus  nostris  omnes  bonas 
leges  et  consuetudines  quibus  bnrgenses  de  Eaermardyn  tempore  Johannis 
Begis  avi  domini  Edwardi  filii  Henrici  et  predecessorum  suorum  Begum 
Anglie  hactenus  usi  sunt  et  gavisi  salvis  ponderibus  et  mensuris  que  fiierunt 
tempore  Gydonis  de  Brione  senioris  Concessimus  etiam  eisdem  liberam 
communam  in  tota  silva  nostra  boreal!  videlicet  in  tota  foresta  de  Coyde- 
bech  et  totam  illam  pasturam  communem  in  marisco  do  Thalacarn  que  voca* 
tur  Menecors  per  metas  et  bundas  sicut  perambulata  est.  Et  etiam  totam 
liberam  communam  a  rivulo  qui  didtur  Makerellis^  ascendendo  usqife  ad 
Greneslades  lieved  et  sic  versus  occidentem  super  Eynon  his  done'  per  viam 
que  ducit  usque  Brangweys  et  ilHnc  usque  Goran  his  heved^  et  sic  ascen- 
dendo usque  Honlake  et  illinc  usque  ad  caput  de  Tadyhull  et  sic  descen* 
dendo  usque  Passenant  his  lake^  et  sic  versus  orientem  usque  ad  metas  inter 
MoldehuUe  et  illam  carucatam  terre  que  quondam  fuit  Bicardi  filii  Willelmi 
descendendo  usque  ad  aquam  de  Taf  et  sic  usque  ad  Heming  his  well  et 
illinc  ascendendo  usque  ad  Horeston  et  sic  usque  ad  Penserornes  et  illinc 


^  Makerel  Brook  comes  down  by  Boach  Gas  tie. 

•  *'Done",  perhaps  in  sense  of  down-land.  '  '*  Heved",  headland. 

*  This  lake  or  stream  is  the  Bamc  as  the  Goran. 

VOL.  II.  *   fj 


xlii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

desoendendo  usque  ad  Blindwell  et  sic  usque  ad  aquam  gurgitom  de  Taf  et 
illinc  usque  ad  Showell  croft  et  sic  ascendendo  usque  ad  Burch  et  mere  et 
sic  descendendo  usque  ad  longam  petram  que  est  juzta  virgultum  nostrum 
de  Thalocam  Ooncessimus  etiam  eisdem  unam  viam  in  latitudine  sezdecem 
pedum  ad  agendum  pecora  sua  de  communi  pastura  snpradicta  juzta  Passe- 
naut  his  lake  usque  ad  aquam  de  Taf  Item  concessimus  eisdem  unam  acram 
more  in  longitudine  et  latitudine  ad  fodiendum  glebas  ubi  convenienter 
eligere  voluerint  in  turbaris  juzta  Passenant  his  lake  Concessimus  etiam 
predictis  burgensibus  nostris  quod  ipsi  pro  transgressiono  seu  forisfactura 
servientum  suorum  catalla  et  bona  sua  in  manibus  eorum  inventa  aut  ali- 
cubi  locornm  per  ipsos  servientes  infra  terram  nostram  deposita  quatenus 
sua  esse  probare  potuerint  non  amittant  Et  quod  si  dicti  burgenses  vel 
eorum  aliqui  infra  terram  nostram  testati  decesserunt  vel  intestati  nos  vel 
heredes  nostri  confiscari  bona  ipsorum  non  faciemus  quin  eorum  heredes 
integi-e  ipsa  habeant  quatemus  dicta  catalla  dictorum  deftinctorum  fnisse 
construetur  dum  tamen  dictis  heredibus  notitia  aut  fides  habeatur  Item 
concessimus  eisdem  quod  nullus  eorum  infra  terram  nostram  nezetur  pro 
debito  alicigus  vicini  sui  nisi  fuerit  debitor  vel  plegius  quo  minus  plegtus 
alicujus  non  cogatur  solvere  dum  debitor  habeat  unde  solvere  possit  Et 
quod  omnes  transgressiones  infra  villam  suam  factas  per  eorundem  oonside* 
rationem  conduntur  sic  in  burgo  Kaermardyn  hactenus  fieri  consuescitur 
Concessimus  etiam  eisdem  quod  si  aliquis  eorum  alicui  intra  villam  suam 
forisfecerit  non  ducatnr  infra  portas  castelli  dum  tamen  possit  invenire 
bonos  et  salvos  plegios  de  stando  juri  Et  quod  nullus  eorum  cogatur  accom- 
modare  domino  suo  vel  alicui  ballivo  suo  ultra  duodecem  denarios  nisi  volu- 
erit  bona  voluntate  sua  et  quod  nulla  inquisitio  de  rebus  forinsecis  fiat  per 
predictos  burgenses 'sed  per  liberos  tenentes  patriss  nee  per  forinsecos  de 
burgeusibus  Concessimus  etiam  eisdem  burgensibus  nostris  qux>d  ipsi  eli- 
gent  bis  in  anno  duos  competentes  burgenses  ad  prepositum  nostrum  vide  - 
licet  in  prozima  hebdomada  post  festum  Sancti  Michaelis  unum  et  in 
prozima  hebdomada  post  Pascham  aJium  per  communem  consensu m  eorun- 
dem et  non  auctoritafce  nostra  vel  alici:gus  ballivi  nostri  ad  tenendum  hun- 
dreda  et  ad  recipiendum  attacliiamenta  pertinentia  ad  hundredum  et  ad 
recipiendum  redditum  de  villa  et  theolonium  et  quod  dicti  propositi  libera- 
rent  predictum  redditum  et  theolonium  nobis  vel  dicto  ballivo  nostro  ad  hoc 
assignato  et  infra  villam  de  Thalacam  per  talliam.  Et  quod  non  habeant 
aliquod  alium  officium  emptoria  mutuationis  vel  alterius  cujuscunque  servi- 
tutis  que  eis  nocere  possit  infra  villam  et  eztra  Concessimus  etiam  eisdem 
quod  dicti  burgenses  sint  liberi  ab  omni  servituto  servicio  arandi  cratandi 
fenum  colligendi  metendi  bladam  ligandi  et  cujuslibet  generis  cariandi  mo- 
lendinum  vel  ejus  stagnum  emendandi  et  ab  omnimodis  aliis  serviciis  que 
eis  in  servitute  vel  in  dampnum  possint  redundare  infra  villam  et  eztra  et 

quod  non  eant  ad  exercitum  ad  villam  custodiendum  sic  burgenses 

Yolumus  et  concedimus  quod  si  aliquo  claro  die  coram  vicinis  suis  aliquam 
rem  em  erit  et  predicto  res  ilia  fuerit  calumpniata  tanquam  furtiva  emptor 
nichil  amittat  nisi  tamen  rem  illam  jnrabit  sa  cram  en  to  vicinorum  suorum 
quod  rem  illam  emisse  de  latrone  Et  ut  hec  nostra  concessio  et  presentis 
cartee  nostrse  confirmatio  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  et  quibuscunque 
successoribus  nostris  vel  assignatis  rata  stabilis  et  inconcussa  imperpetuum 
permaneat  presentem  cartam  sigilli  nostri  imprcssione  corroboramus  hiis 
testibuB.    Galfridus  de  Cannvill     Patericio  de  Cadurcis     Thoma  de  Bnpe 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  xliii 

Bogero  Corbet  militibua    John  Laundry    Walter  Malenfant    Mared(udd) 
ap  Traham    Thomas  Bonegant  clerico  et  aliis." 

The  seal  is  gone  from  the  charter,  but  the  strings  which  attached  it  to 
the  vellum  still  remain.  The  present  seal  of  the  borough  has  on  it  the  arms 
of  Bryan,  viz.,  or,  three  piles  azure,  with  "  Laughai'ne"  underneath. 


[Charter  Boll,  ii,  12,  and  13,  Richard  IL    No,  9.] 
^^Fro  Guidone  de  Bryene  Chival&i\ 

"Bex  eisdem  [Archiepiscopis  Episcopis  &c.]  salutem  Sciatis  quod  cum 
dilectus  et  fidelis  noster  Guido  de  Bryene  Chivaler  teneat  Manerium  Cas- 
trum  et  Dominium  de  Tallagham  cum  pertinentiis  in  Suth  Wallia  ad  ter- 
minum  vite  sue  ex  dono  et  concessione  Hugonis  Yong  clerici  Walteri  Trotte 
cleric!  et  Bicardi  Micheldevere  remanere  inde  poet  mortem  ipsius  Guidonis 
Philippe  et  Elizabethe  filiabus  et  heredibus  Guidonis  filii  et  heredis  ejusdem 
Guidonis  et  heredibus  de  corporibus  suis  exeuntibus  et  pro  defectu  exitus 
de  corporibus  suis  rectis  heredibus  predict!  Guidonis  patris  Nos  de  gratia 
nostra  special!  concessimus  et  hac  carta  confirmavimus  pro  nobis  et  heredi- 
bus nostris  quod  prefatus  Guido  pater  ad  totam  vitam  suam  et  post  mortem 
suam  predicte  Philippa  et  Elizabetha  et  heredes  de  corporibus  suis  exeuntes 
et  pro  defectu  exitus  de  corporibus  suis  recti  heredes  predict!  Guidonis 
patris  ac  omnes  domini  et  tenentes  qui  predicta  Manerium  Castrum  et 
Dominium  de  Tallagham  tenent  et  futuris  temporibus  tenebunt  habere 
possint  et  habeant  imperpetuum  per  eorum  Scnescallum  Commoti  et  Domi- 
ni! de  Tallagham  in  Suth  Wallia  qui  pro  tempore  fuerit  omnia  returna  et 
executiones  omnium  brevium  preceptorum  et  mandatorum  nostrorum  et 
heredum  nostrorum  cuiuscumque  nature  Commotum  et  Dominium  de  Tal- 
lagham supradicta  tangencia  et  quarumcumque  aliarum  rerum  infra  Com- 
motum et  Dominium  predicta  emergentium  vel  que  acciderint  Ita  quod 
nuUus  Minister  nee  Officiarius  noster  nee  heredum  nostrorum  de  aliquo 
returno  nee  executione  brevium  preceptorum  nee  mandatorum  infra  Com- 
motum vel  Dominium  predicta  ex  quacunque  causa  facienda  aliqualiter  se 
intromittat  nisi  in  defectum  predict!  Senescall!  ibidem  Et  insuper  quod 
predict!  Guido  pater  Philippa  vel  Elizabetha  sea  aliquis  heredum  suorum 
predictorum  aut  tenentes  sui  vel  eorum  heredes  successores  sen  assig^ati 
aat  residentes  infra  Commotum  vel  Dominium  predicta  aliquo  tempore 
future  nullatenus  convincantur  indictentur  neo  adjudicentur  neo  trahantnr 
in  responsum  nee  in  judicium  nee  alio  mode  impetantur  in  aliquibus  appellis 
nee  indictamentis  proditionum  nee  feloniarum  nee  in  transgressionibus  ret- 
tis  ii^juriis  mesprisonibus  calumpniis  aut  demandis  quibuscumque  nee  in 
aliquibus  criminibus  emergentibus  vel  accidentibus  infra  Comitatus  de  Eer- 
merdyn  et  Kardygan  per  aliquos  forinsecos  set  solnmmodo  per  homines 
veros  Anglicos  dictorum  Commoti  et  Domini!  de  Tallagham  et  non  per  ali- 
quos homines  Wallicos  imperpetuum  Proviso  semper  quod  de  proficuis 
nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  in  hac  parte  debitis  per  Senescallum  Commoti  et 
Domini!  predictorum  pro  tempore  existentem  nobis  et  heredibas  nostris 
prout  justum  fuerit  respondeatur  Quare  volumus  et  firmiter  precipimus  pro 
nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quod  predictus  Guido  pater  pro  tempore  vite  sue 
habeat  et  post  mortem  suam  etc.  ut  supra  usque  ibi  tenentes  et  tunc  sic  qui 


xliv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Manerinm  Oastram  et  Dominiam  predicta  tenent  et  faturis  temporibna 
tenebunt  habere  possint  et  habeant  imperpetaum  per  eorum  Senescallam 
Commoti  et  JDominii  predictomm  qui  pro  tempore  fuerit  etc.  at  sapra  usque 
ibi  respondeatur  et  tunc  sic  ut  predictum  est  Hiis  testibus  Venerabilibus 
patribus  W.  Archiepiscopo  Cantuar'  totius  Anglie  Primate  W.  Wynton' 
Gancellario  J.  Meneven*  Tbesaurariis  noetris  Episcopis  Johanue  Lancastr* 
JIdmundo  Ebor'  Ducibus  Avunculis  nostris  carissimis  Johanne  de  Holand' 
Comite  Huntyngdon'  fratre  nostro  Thoma  Notyngh'  MarescaUo  Anglie 
Henrico  Northambr*  Comitibos  Magistro  Edmundo  de  Stafford'  Custode 
^rivati  sigilli  nostri  Johanne  Devereux  Senescallo  Hospicii  noetri  et  aliia 
Dat'  per  manum  noetram  apud  Westmonasterium  xv.  die  Decembris. 

"  Per  breve  de  privato  sigillo." 

For  an  account  of  the  family  of  Guy  de  Bryan,  see  Dugdale's  DarofMge, 
u>  P*  150*  and  Nicholas*  Historic  Peerage,  p.  78. 


ST.   CLEARS. 
ICharter  Roll,  isth,  iSth,  and  lyth  Richard  11,  No.  17] 

i6th  Richard  IL 

^^Pro  Burgefisibtu  et  Communitate  VUle  de  Sancto  Claro, 

"  Kex  eisdem  [  Archiepiscopis  Episcopis  &c.]  Sciatis  quod  de  gratia  nostra 
speciali  de  assensu  consilg  nostri  concessimus  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris 
quantum  in  nobis  est  dilectis  ligeis  nostris  Burgensibus  et  Communitati 
ville  de  Sancto  Claro  in  Suth  Wallia  quod  ipsi  heredes  et  successores  sui 
imperpetuum  banc  habeant  libertatem  videlicet  quod  ipsi  vel  aliquis  eorum 
aut  aliquis  homo  infra  bundas  dicte  ville  residens  non  sint  convicti  nee 
a^udicati  in  aliquo  tempore  future  per  aliquos  homines  Wallenses  in  aliqui- 
bus  appellis  attinctis  indictamentis  prodicionum  feloniarum  rettorum^  i^ju- 
riarum  conspiracionum  cambipartiarum'confederacionum  nee  alici:gns  malo- 
factl  mesprisionis  demande  aut  aliquarum  accusacionum  sibi  impositomm 
seu  imposterum  imponendorum  nee  in  aliquibus  placitis  querelis  actionibus 
realibus  vel  personalibus  ad  sectam  alictgus  partis  de  aliqua  re  dictam 
villam  aut  aliquos  Burgensium  vel  Communitatis  ejusdem  tangente  in  ali- 
quibus Comitatibus  vel  sessionibus  m^joribus  seu  minoribus  nee  in  aliquibus 
Curiis  vel  Hundredis  intn  Comitatus  de  Eermerdyn  et  Cardygan  nisi  tan- 
turn  mode  per  Burgenses  anglicos  et  veros  homines  anglicanos.  Quare 
volumus  et  firmiter  precipimus  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  quod  predicti 
Burgenses  et  Communitas  ville  predicte  ac  heredes  et  successores  sui  imper- 
petuum banc  habeant  libertatem  videlicet  quod  ipsi  vel  aliquis  eorum  aat 
aliquis  homo  infra  bundas  dicte  ville  residens  non  sint  convicti  nee  a^judicati 
in  aliquo  tempore  future  per  aliquos  homines  Wallenses  in  aliquibus  appellis 
attinctis  indictamentis  prodicionum  feloniarum  rettorum  iujuriarum  con- 
spiracionum cambipartiarum  confederacionnm  nee  alicujus  malefacti  mespri^ 
sionis  demande  aut  aliquarum  accusacionum  sibi  impositorum  seu  imposte- 
rum imponendorum  nee  in  aliquibus  placitis  querelis  accionibas  realibus  vel 

^  Same  as  "  rectorum".  *  Copartnerships. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMKNTS.  xlv 

penonalibas  ad  sectam  alicTgns  partis  de  aliqna  rd  dictam  Tillam  ant  aliquos 
Burgensium  vel  Gommanitatis  ejusdem  tangente  in  atiquibas  Comitatibus 
vel  BessioniboB  m^joribai  sea  minoribaB  nee  in  aliquiboB  Curiis  vel  Hundre- 
difl  inte  Comitatas  de  Eerraerdyn  et  Cardygan  nisi  tantnmmodo  per  Bar- 
genses  Anglicos  et  veros  homines  anglicanos  sicut  predictum  est.  Hiis 
testibus  venerabilibus  patribas.  W.  Cantoar'  tooios  Anglie  Primate  Thoma 
Ebor'  Anglie  Primate  Cancellario  nostro  Archiepiscopis  W.  Wynton'  J.  Sar' 
Thesaarario  nostro  Episcopis  Edmundo  Dnce  Ebor*  avnncnlo  nostro  caris> 
Bimo  Edwardo  Boteland'  Thoma  Marescair  et  Notjngh'  Comitibas  Thoma 
de  Percy  Senescallo  Ho8pio\j  nostri  Magistro  Edmundo  de  Stafford'  Gnstode 
privati  sigilli  nostri  et  aliis.  Data  per  manum  nostram  apud  Civitatem 
Cantnar'  zziz  die  Maij. 

"  Per  breve  de  privato  sigillo  pro  quadraginta  solidis  solutis 
in  Hanaperio." 

This  charter  was  confirmed  by  Henry  Prince  of  Wales*  28th  March,  12th 
Henry  IV,  and  by  Henzy  VI,  with  the  advice  of  Parliament,  15th  Feb., 
6th  Henxy  YI.    (See  Patent  BoU,  6th  Henzy  VI,  Part  i,  m.  5.) 


MONTGOMERY. 
[Charter  Boll,  11  Henry  III,  Pari  i,  m.  27,  No.  211.] 

"  Muntgumery,     Wallia, 

'*  Henricns  dei  gratia  Bex  Anglie  etc.  Archiepiscopis  episcopis  etc.  salu- 
tern.  Sciatis  qnod  volumus  et  concedimus  qaod  villa  nostra  de  Mung^mery 
sit  liber  Bnrgus  imperpetmim  Concessimus  et  Burgensibas  nostria  eiusdem 
Burgi  et  heredibus  eomm  quod  villam  suam  de  Mungumery  daudant  fos- 
sato  et  mnro  et  quod  habeant  Gildam  mercatoriam  cum  Hansa  et  aliis  con- 
suetudinibuR  et  libertatibus  ad  g^dam  illam  pertinentibus  et  quod  nullus 
qui  non  sit  de  gilda  ilia  mercandisam  faciat  aliquam  in  predicto  Burgo  nisi 
de  uoluntate  eorundem  Burgensium  Concessimus  et  eis  et  heredibus  eorum 
quod  si  aliquis  natiuus  alicuius  in  prefato  Burgo  manserit  et  terram  in  eo 
tenuerit  et  fuerit  in  prefata  Gilda  et  Hansa  et  loth  et  scoth  cum  eisdem 
Burgensibus  nostris  per  vnum  annum  et  unum  diem  sine  calumpnia  dein- 
ceps  non  possit  repeti  a  domino  suo  sed  in  eodem  Burgo  liber  permaneat. 
Preterea  concessimus  prefatis  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Mungpimery  et  here- 
dibus eorum  quod  habeant  soc  et  sac  et  tol  et  theam  et  Infkng^nethef  et 
quod  quieti  sint  per  totam  terram  nostram  de  thelonio  lestagio  passafj^io 
pontagio  et  stallagio  et  de  lene  et  Danegeld'  et  Gaywite  et  omnibus  aliis 
oonsuetudinibus  et  ezaocionibus  per  totam  potestatem  nostram  tarn  In 
Anglia  quam  in  omnibus  aliis  terris  nostris.  Et  concedimus  quod  predicti 
Burgenses  nostri  de  Mungumery  habeant  imperpetuum  omnee  alias'  liber- 
tates  et  quietancias  per  totam  terram  nostram  quae  habent  Cines  nostri 
Hereford*.  Volumus  et  concedimus  predictis  Burgensibus  nostris  de  Mun- 
gumery quod  habeant  singulis  annis  imperpetuum  duas  ferias  in  predicto 
Burgo  scilicet  unam  ad  festum  sancti  Bartholomei  per  quatuor  dies  duratu- 
ram  scilicet  in  vig^lia  et  die  et  duobus  diebus  sequentibus.  Et  aliam  ad 
festum  Omnium  Sanctorum  per  octo  dies  duraturam  soilioet  In  vigilia  et  die 
Omnium  Sanctorum  et  sex  diebus  sequentibus  et  unom  mercatum  ibidem 


xlvi  OllIGINAL   DOCUMENTS. 

per  diem  Jouis  singulis  septimanis  cum  omnibus  libertafcibus  et  liberis  con- 
BuetudinibuB  ad  huiusmodi  ferias  et  mercata  pertinentibus.  Volumus  insaper 
quod  omnes  mercatores  terrarum  nostrarum  et  mercatores  aliarum  teirarum 
qui  sunt  ad  paoem  nostram  et  eorum  mercandise  ad  predictum  Burgum  veni- 
entes  et  ibidem  morantes  et  inde  recedentes  habeant  libertatem  uenire  stare 
et  recedere  tarn  per  aquas  quam  per  terram  et  quod  liberos  habeant  intro- 
itus  in  terram  nostram  et  liberos  ezitus  a  terra  nostra  sine  omni  impedi- 
mento  Ballivorum  nostrorum  et  aliorum  faciendo  debitas  et  rectas  oonsue- 
tudines.  Quare  volumus  et  firmiter  precipimus  quod  predicta  villa  de 
Mungumery  sit  liber  Burgus  et  quod  predicti  Burgenses  habeant  Qildam 
mercatoriam  cum  hansa  et  aliis  libertatibus  et  liberis  consuetudinibus  ad 
Gildam  illam  pertinentibus  et  quod  habeant  duas  ferias  per  annum  ad  fes- 
tum  Sancti  Bartholomei  et  ad  festum  omnium  Sanctorum  et  vnum  mercatnm 
singulis  septimanis  per  diem  Jouis  et  quod  habeant  libertates  et  quietanciaa 
predictas  imperpetuum  bene  et  in  pace  libere  et  quiete  honorifice  plenarie  et 
Integre  sicut  predictum  est.  Salua  libertate  Ciuitatis  nostre  London'. 
Teste  ut  supra. ^  Dat'  ut  supra.  [Daf  p'  manu'  ut  supra  venerabilis  patria 
E.  Cicestr'  episcopo  Gancellarii  nostri  apud  Westmonasterium  terciodedmo 
die  Februaiii  anno  ut  supra  (anno  regni  nostri  zj'o)."] 


CHAETERS   GRANTED   TO   ST.  JOHN'S  PRIORY, 

CARMARTHEN. 

/»  Illustration  of  a  Paper  printed  in  the  Journal,  1876,77).  96-103. 

''Bicardus,  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie  et  Francie,  et  Dominus  Hibernie, 
Omnibus  ad  quos  presentes  littere  pervenerint,  salutem.  Inspeximus  car- 
tam  de  confirmacione  Domini  Edwardi  nuper  Kegis  Anglie,  avi  nostri  in 
hec  verba : 

**  Edwardus,  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie,  Dominus  Hibemie,  et  Dux  Aquitanie, 
Archiepiscopis,  Episcopis,  Abbatibus,  Prioribus,  Comitibus,  Baronibus,  Jus- 
ticiariis.  Vice  Co'mitibus,  Prepositis,  Ministris,  et  omnibus  Ballivis,  et  fide- 
libus  suis,  salutem.  Inspeximus  cartam  confirmationis,  quam  Dominus 
Edwardus,  nuper  Bex  Anglie,  pater  noster,  fecit  Deo  et  Ecclesie  Sancti 
Johannis  Evangeliste  de  Kermerdjn,  et  caaonicis  ibidem,  Deo  servientibus, 
in  hec  verba : 

"  Edwardus  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie,  Dominus  Hibemie,  et  Dux  Aquitanie, 
Archiepiscopis,  Episcopis,  Abbatibus,  Prioribus,  Oomitibns,  Baronibus,  Jus- 
ticiariis.  Vice  Comitibus,  Prepositis,  Ministris,  et  omnibus  Ballivis  et  fide- 
libus  suis,  salutem.  Inspeximus  cartam  confirmationis,  quam  Celebris  me- 
morie  Dominus  Henricus,  quondam  Bex  Anglie,  avus  noster,  fecit  Deo  et 
Ecclesie  Sancti  Johannis  Evangeliste  de  Kermerdyn,  et  canoniois  ibidem, 
Deo  servientibus  in  hec  verba : 

Henricus,  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie,  Dominus  Hibernie,  Dux  Normannie, 


i< 


'  This  refers  to  the  names  of  the  witnesses  in  another  charter. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  xlvii 

Aqnitanie,  et  Comes  Andegavie,  Archiepisoopis,  EpiscopiB,  Abbatibns,  Prio- 
ribas,  Comitibus^  Baronibus,  Justiciariis,  Vice  ComitibuB,  PrepoaitiB  et 
Ministrifl,  et  omnibus  Ballivis  et  fidelibus  sais,  salutem.  Sciatis  nos  inspex- 
isse  cartam  Henrici  Keg^s  avi  nostri,  in  heo  verba  : 

"  Henricns,  Bex  Anglie  et  Daz  Normannie  et  Aquitanie,  et  Comes  Ande- 
ganie,  ArchiepiBcopis,  Episoopis,  Abbatibas,  Comitibas,  Baronibus,  Justici- 
ariis, Vice  Comitibus,  Ministris,  Balliuis  et  omnibus  fidelibus  suis,  Francis, 
et  Anglis,  et  Wallensibus,  salutem.  Sciatis  me,  pro  salute  anime  mee  et 
antecessorum  meorum  et  heredum  meorum,  concessisse,  et  dedisse,  et  hac 
carta  mea  confirmasse,  Deo  et  Ecclesie  Sancti  Johannis  Evangeliste  de  Kay- 
ermerdin  et  Canonicis  ibidem  Deo  servientibus,  in  perpetuam  elemosinam, 
Veterem  Civitatem  de  Eayermerdin,  cum  omnibus  pertinenoiis  suis,  sicut 
fines  et  termini  perambulati  sunt  coram  Ballivis  meis  de  Kayermerdyn.  Dedi 
eciam  prefatis  canonicis  Ecdesiam  Sancti  Petri,  que  sita  est  in  eadem  civi- 
tate,  cum  capella  de  CasteUo  meo  de  Kayermerdyn  et  omnibus  aliis  capellis 
ad  eandem  ecclesiam  pertinentibns.  Preterea  dedi  eis  et  oonoessi  ii^  caru- 
catas  terre  in  Eglisnewith  quas  habent  ex  done  Bledrici  Latimeri,  et  ^'as 
carucatas  terre  in  Cwmau  quas  habent  ex  dono  Bernardi  Meneuensis  Epis- 
copi.  Dedi  eciam  eis  et  concessi  unam  carucatam  terre  in  Egliskein,  cum 
capella  infra  t^rminos  eiusdem  terre  sita,  quam  dedit  eisdem  canonicis 
Alfredus  Dryue,  et  unam  carucatam  terre  que  dicitur  Pentewy.  Quare  nolo 
et  firmiter  precipio,  ut  predicti  Canonici,  prefatas  terras  cum  ecclesiis  et 
capellis  sine  aliqua  consuetudine  seculari  et  exactione  habeant  et  teneant, 
bene  et  in  pace,  libere  et  quiete,  plene  et  honorifice  et  integre  in  bosco,  in 
piano,  in  viis,  in  semitis,  in  pratis,  in  pasouis,  in  aquis,  in  molendinis,  in 
piscariis,  et  piscacionibus,  et  in  omnibus  rebus.  Et  prohibeo  ne  aliquis  de 
Balliuis  meis  eisdem  Canonicis  de  supradictis  rebus  iniuriam  vel  moleetiam 
faciat,  aut  facere  permittat.  Testibua,  Bioardo,  Cantuarensis  Arcbiepiscopo. 
Gyleberto,  Londinensis  Episcopo.  Petro  Menevensis  Episcopo.  Banulfa  de 
Glanvill.    Humfrido  de  Bohun.  Hugone  de  Lacy.  Apud  Westmonasterium. 

"  Nos  igitur  donacionem  et  concessionem  predictam  ratam  habentes  et 
acceptam  ipsam  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris,  concedimus  et  hac  carta  nos- 
tra confirmamus.  Testibus,  WiUielmo  de  Cantelupe.  Badulpho  filio  Nioo- 
lai.  Johanne  de  Plessitis.  Emerico  de  Sacy.  Boberto  de  Muscegros.  Bar- 
tolameo  Pecche.  WiUielmo  de  Cheeny.  Boberto  le  Norreys.  Johanne  de 
Ceres,  et  aliis.  Datum  per  manum  nostram  apud  Westmonasterium,  x°  die 
Aprilis,  anno  Begni  nostri,  tricesimo  prime. 

**  Nos  autem  donacionem,  conceseionem  et  confirm acionem  predictas  ratas 
habentes  et  gratas  eas  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris.  Priori  et  Canonicis 
dicte  ville  de  Veteri  Eermerdyir  et  successoribus  suis  imperpetuum,  quan- 
tum in  nobis  est,  concedimus  et  confirmamus,  siout  carta  confirmationis  pre- 
dicta  rationabiliter  test&tur.  Preterea  cum  per  inquisitionem  de  mandate 
nostro  fuctam  per  dilectum  et  fidelem  nostrum  Willielmum  Martyn,  nupcr 
Justiciarium  nostrum  Suth  Wallie,  ad  prosecutionem  Boberti  Prions  dicti 
loci  de  Kermerdyn,  asserentis  se,  et  predecessores  sues,  Priores  loci  illius, 
ac  ipsorum  homines  et  tenentes  de  Veteri  Villa  de  Kermerdyn  a  tempore 
confectionis  carte  et  confirmationis  prediotarnm  omni  mode  mercimonia  in 
eadem  villa  de  Veteri  Kermerdyn  libere  et  absque  impedimento  ciguscun- 
que,  in  grosso  pro  sua  voluntate  emisse  et  vendidisse,  eundemque  P^orem, 
et  predecessores  sues,  mensuras,  stateras,  et  pondera  sua  necnon  forisfactu- 
ras  mensurarum,  staterarum  et  ponderum,  ac  emendas  aseisse  panis  et  cere- 


Xlviii  ORIGINAL   DOCUMENTS. 

yiaie  ibidem  Iracte  percepisge  et  habuisse,  dictamque  Priorem  inde  impe> 
ditum  faisse,  pretextu  ci\jusdain  ordinationis,  tempore  oelebria  memoiie 
Domini  Edwardi  nuper  Begis  Anglie^  patris  nostri,  facte>  videlicet,  quod 
'  nullus  in  partibns  Burgi  dicti  patrib  nostri  in  Wallia  Ticinis,  per  spatiam 
quinque  leucarnm  in  oircuitu  Burgomm  eorondem,  emeret  vel  venderet  mer- 
cimonia  aliqua  in  grosso  quocunque  nomine  censerentar.  Preterqoam,  in 
eifldem  Bargis  compertum  eit,  quod  predictuB  Prior,  Bobertns  de  Kermerdyn 
et  predecesaorea  sui,  Priorea  eiasdem  loci,  ac  eorum  homines  et  tenentea  de 
eadem  villa  semper  a  tempore  confectionis  carte,  et  confirmacionis  predicta- 
ram  et  ante  oonstmotionem  Kove  Ville  nostre  de  Kermerdyn,  et  eoiam  ante 
ordinationem  prediotam,  omnimoda  mercimonia  in  predicta  Villa  de  Yeteri 
Kermerdyn,  in  grosso  et  alio  modo  pro  volontate  sua  emere  et  vendere,  ao 
iidem  Prior  et  predecessores  sai,  mensoras  stateras  et  pondera,  necnon  foris- 
facturas  mensurarum,  stateramm  et  ponderam,  et  emendaram  assise  pania 
et  cerrisie  ibidem  fracte  perdpere  et  habere  consuevemnt.  Nos  volentes 
secnritati  predioti  Prions  et  oanonicornm  cjasdem  loci,  ao  eoram  hominum 
et  tenentium  predicte  Ville  de  Veteri  Kermerdyn  omnimoda  mercimonia  in 
eadem  Villa  de  Veteri  Kermerdyn,  libere  et  absqae  impedimento  cuioscan- 
que,  in  grosso,  pro  sua  volantate  emere  et  vendere  possint,  quodque  dicti 
Prior  et  Canonici,  et  eorum  snccessores  mensuras,  stateras  et  pondera  saa, 
necnon  forisfaotaras  mensuramm,  stateramm  et  ponderum  et  emendaram 
assise  panis  et  cervisie  ibidem  fracte  percipiant  et  habeant  imperpetuum, 
jnzta  tenorem  inquisitionis  predicte,  et  prout  predicti  Prior  et  Canonici,  et 
eorum  successores  ac  eorum  homines  et  tenentes  mercimonia  in  eadem  villa 
emere  et  vendere  iidemque  Prior  et  Canonici  et  eorum  snccessores,  mensu* 
ras,  stateras,  et  pondera,  necnon  forisfacturas  mensuramm,  stateramm,  et 
ponderum,  ac  emendas  assise  panis  et  cervisie  ibidem  fracte  ante  ordinado- 
nem  predictam  rationabiliter  percipere  et  habere  consuevemnt.  Hiis  testi- 
bus,  Venerabilibus  Patribus  W[illielmo]  Eborensis  Arohiepisoopo,  Anglie 
Primate.  J[ohanne]  Eliensis,  Episcopo,  Cancellario  nostro,  et  J[ohanne] 
Norwicensis,  Episcopo.  Thoma,  Comite  Lancastrie.  Adomaro  de  Valentia^ 
Comite  Pembrochie.  Willielmo  Martyn.  Bartholomeo  de  Badelesmere, 
Seneschallo  hospitii  nostri,  et  aliis.  Datum  per  manum  nostram  apud  Ebo^ 
racnm,  vioesimo  tertio  die  Novembris,  anno  regni  nostri,  duodecimo. 

"Nos  autem  concessiones,  donationes,  et  confirmaciones  predictas  ratas 
habentes  et  gratas,  eas  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris,  quantum  in  nobis 
est,  dilectis  nobis  in  Chi'isto,  Priori  et  Canonicis  loci  predicti,  et  successori- 
bus  sttis,  concedimus  et  confirmamua,  sicut  carte  predicte  rationabiliter 
testantnr.  Hiis  testibus,  Venerabilibus  Patribus  W[altero]  Arohiepisoopo 
Cantuarensis,  totius  Anglie  Primate.  J[ohanne]  Eliensis,  Episcopo,  Canoelr 
lario  nostro.  A  [da],  Herefordensis  Episcopo,  Thesauraiio  nostro.  Thoma, 
Comite  Norffolcie  et  Mareskallo  Anglie.  Edmondo,  Comite  Lancastrie. 
Henrico,  Comite  Lincolnie.  Thoma  Wale.  Johanne  de  Bello  Campo  de 
Somerset.  Johanne  de  Bos,  Seneschallo  Hospitii  nostri,  et  aliis.  Datum  per 
manum  nostram  apud  Westmonasterium  decimo  die  Martii  anno  regni  nos- 
tri prime. 

"  Nos  autem  omnes  et  singulas  donaciones,  concessiones,  et  oonfirmacio- 
nes  supradictas  in  cartis  supradictis  contentas,  ratas  habentes,  et  gratas, 
eas  pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris.  quantum  in  nobis  est,  dilectis  nobis  in 
Chris  to,  nunc  Priori  et  Conventui  loci  predicti,  et  successoribus  snis,  conce- 
dimus ob  confirmamus,  imperpetuum,  prout  carte  supradicte  rationabiliter 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  xlix 

•teatantur,  et  proat  iidem  Prior  et  Conrentas  et  predecessores  stii  dictam 
▼iUam  et  terras  et  tenementas  cam  ecolesiie  et  oapellis  prediotis,  virtute 
carta  ram  illaram  rationabiliter  tenaerant,  et  dictis  libertatibua  rationabili- 
ter  ati  et  gaadere  consaeverant.  In  cujos  rei  teatimonium  has  litteraa  nos- 
tras fieri  fecimaa  patentee.  Teste  meipso  apud  Westmonasterium,  decimo 
die  Marcii  anno  regni  nostri  prime.'* 


CAERMAETHEN    PEIORT. 


tf 


Henricos  (VII)  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie  et  Fraunoie,  et  Dominas  Hiber- 
nie,  omnibas  ad  quos  presentee  littere  pervenerint,  aalutem.  Inapeximus 
litteraa  patentee  Henrici  Sexti,  nuper  Begis  Anglie,  avanculi  nostri,  factas 
in  heo  verba : 

"  Henricus  (VI)  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie  et  Francie,  et  Dominas  Hibemie, 
omnibus  ad  qnos  presentee  littere  pervenerint,  salutem.  Inspeximus  litte- 
ras  patentee  carisaimi  Domini  patris  nostri,  Begis  deftincti,  factas  in  hec 
verba : 

"Henrioas  (Y)  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie  et  Francie,  et  Dominas  Hibemie, 
omnibas  ad  qaos  presentee  littere  pervenerint,  salatem.  Inspeximus  litteras 
patentee  carisaimi  Domini  et  patris  nostri,  factas  in  hec  verba  : 

"  Henricus  (lY)  Dei  gratia,  Bex  Anglie  et  Frauncie,  Dominas  Hibemie, 
omnibas  ad  quos  presentee  littere  pervenerint,  salutem.  Sciatis,  quod  cum 
at  accepimus  diverse  carte,  scripts,  evidenbiee,  et  alia  munimenta  quam  plu- 
rima,  de  fundatione  et  dotacione  dilectorum  nobis  in  Christo,  Prioris  et 
Conventus  Sancti  Johannia  Evangeliste  de  Kermerdyn,  quam  de  donacioni- 
bua  et  conceasionibus  maneriorum,  terrarum,  tenementorum,  pratorum,  paa- 
turarum,  parcorum,  boacorum,  foaaatorum,  aqnarum,  piacariarum,  molendi- 
norum,  paaaagiorum,  curiarum,  bundredomm,  jurisdictionum,  advocationum, 
eccleaiarum,  capellarum,  libertatum,  franchesiarum,  privilegiorum,  et  om- 
nium aliorum  posseesionum  et  jurium  eisdem  Priori  et  Conventui,  et  prede- 
ceaaoribua  auia,  per  noa  et  progenitorea  noatroa,  et  alios  Deo  devotes, 
diveraimodo  factis  et  collatia,  unacum  irrotulamentis  eorundem  cartarum, 
scriptorum,  evidentiarum,  et  munimentorum  in  Cancellaria  de  Kermerdyn, 
nuper  habitornm  per  inimicos  et  rebelles  nosttos  WalliflB,  capta  et  elongata 
et  substrscta  existant ;  Nos,  attendentes  dampna  et  prejudicia,  ac  exheredi- 
taciones,  et  pericula,  que  eisdem  Priori  et  Conventui,  occasione  substractio- 
nia,  et  non  obtentas,  aen  exbibitiones  cartarum,  acriptorum  evidentiarum 
et  munimentorum  predictorum  poasent  in  eventu  veriaimiliter  generari, 
et  volentes  proinde  eoadem  Priorem  et  Conventum,  ac  eorum  aucceeaores,  a 
prcgudiciia  huiuamodi  in  quantum  possimus  preservare,  de  gratia  nostra 
speciali,  ac  ad  intemam  snpplicationem  predictorum  Prioris  et  Conventus, 
necnon  propter  sinoeram  affectionem,  quam  ad  relevacionem  Prioratus  pre- 
dicti  multipliciter  ex  causis  predictis  depress!  et  destructi,  gerimus  et  habe- 
mus,  statum  et  possessionem  quos  iidem  Prior  et  Conventus  habent  in 
maneriis,  terris,  tenementis,  pratis,  pasturis,  parcis,  boscis,  aquis,  piscariis, 
molendinis,  passagiis,  hundredis,  jurisdictionibus,  advocacionibus,  libertati* 
bus,  francbesiis,  privilegiis,  et  omnibus  aliis  possessionibus  et  juribus  pre- 
dictis, et  eorum  quolibet  eisdem  Priori  et  Conventui,  et  successoribus  suis, 
pro  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris,  quantum  in  nobis  est,  acceptamns,  approba- 
mus,  ratificamus,  concedimus,  et  confirmamus.    Habendum  et  tenendam 

VOL.  II.  h 


I  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

eisdem  Priori  et  C!onventui,  et  sacoessoribus  suis  imperpetnani,  pront  retat>- 
aotis  temporiboB,  ea  virtate  manimentoram  hno  osque  racionabiUter  habae- 
rant  et  tenuemnt.  Et  insaper  de  uberiori  gratia  nostra  eadem  maneria, 
terras,  tenementa,  prata,  pasturas,  parcos,  boscos,  fossata,  aqaas,  piscarias, 
molendina,  passagia,  oarias,  hundreda,  jariadictiones,  advocationes,  liberta- 
tes,  franchesias,  priyilegia,  et  omnia  alia  poeaessiones  et  jnra^  cam  consae- 
tadinibas  et  pertinenciis  sais  qaibascunqae  eisdem  Priori  et  Conventai,  et 
saccessoribas  sais,  damas  et  concedimos;  habendam  et  tenendam  sibi  et 
Buccessoribus  sois  adeo  plene  et  integre,  et  eodem  modo,  sicat  idem  Prior 
et  Conventus  vel  predeceesores  sai,  ante  elongationem  cartaram,  scriptorum, 
evidentiaram,  et  manimentoram  prediotoram  ea  vigore  et  virtate  eoramdem 
racionabiUter  habaerant  et  possiderant.  Nolentes  qaod  iidem  Prior  et  Con- 
yentas,  sea  successores  sai  ratione  non  exhibitionis  sea  ostencionis  carta- 
ram,  scriptoram,  evidentiaram,  et  manimentoram  predictoram,  per  nos,  vel 
heredes  nostros,  sea  ministros  nostros,  qaoscanque  futoris  temporibas  molea- 
tentur,  inquietentar,  impetantur  in  aliqao,  sea  graventar ;  sed  qaod  eadem 
habeant,  et  eisdem  gaadeant,  et  atantur  adeo  plene  et  integre,  sicat  ea  ante 
ingressom  rebelliam  et  inimiooram  nostrorum  haoasqae  debite,  et  raciona- 
biliter  habaerant  et  ati  consaeverant.  Et  alterias  de  habandanti  gracia 
nostra  ooncedimas  pro  nobis  et  heredibas  nostris,  qaantam  in  nobis  est,  eis- 
dem Priori  et  Conventai,  qaod  ipsi  et  eorum  saccessores,  ant  coram  homines, 
servientes,  vel  tenentes,  non  implacitentur,  inqaietentar,  sea  graventar,  in 
cariis,  et  handredis  infra  aliqaa  Commota,  Comitatuam  de  Kermerdyn  et 
Cardigan,  ad  seotam  nostram,  vel  ad  sectam  partis,  nisi  coram  Jasticiariis 
nostris  vel  coram  loca  tenentibas,  qai  pro  tempore  faerint,  in  sessionibas,  et 
Comitatibas  ibidem  tenendis  in  fataram,  statato  de  terris  et  tenementis  ad 
manom  mortaam  non  ponendis  edito,  sea  alia  caasa  qaacanqae,  non  ob« 
stante.  Tn  cuias  rei  testimoniam  has  litteras  nostras  fieri  fecimas  patentes. 
Teste  me  ipso  apad  Westmonasteriam  sexto  decimo  die  Febraarii,  anno 
regni  nostri  qainto."    [1404.] 

"Nob  aatem  donaciones,  concessiones,  et  confirmationes  predictas,  ao 
omnia  alia  et  singaia  in  litteris  predictis  contenta,  rata  habentes  et  grata, 
ea  pro  nobis  et  heredibas  nostris,  qaantam  in  nobis  est,  dilectis  nobis  in 
Christo,  nanc  Priori  et  Conventai  loci  predict!,  et  saccessoribas  sais,  tenore 
presentiam  confirmamas,  sicat  Uttere  predicte  racionabiliter  testantur,  et 
prout  iidem  Prior  et  Conventas  et  predecessores  sai,  maneria,  terras,  tene- 
menta,  prata,  pastaras,  parcos,  boscos,  fossata,  aqaas,  piscarias,  molendina, 
passagia,  carias,  handreda,  jarisdictionee,  advocationes,  et  possessiones  pre- 
dictos  hactenas  habaerant  ac  tenaerant  ac  libertatibas,  et  franchesiis,  qaie- 
tanciis,  et  privilegiis  sapradictis  racionabiliter  ati  et  gaadere,  consaeverant. 
In  ctgas  rei  testimonium  has  litteras  nostras  fieri  fecimus  patentes.  Teste 
me  ipso  apad  Westmonasteriam  prime  die  Janii,  anno  regni  nostri  primo.*' 

"  Nob  aatem  litteras  predictas  de  hoiasmodi  concessionibas  et  libertatibas 
minime  revocatis,  de  avisamento  et  assensa  dominoram  spiritaaliam  et  tern- 
poralium  in  parUamento  nostro  apad  Westmonasteriam  anno  regni  nostri 
prime,  tento  existente,  acceptamas,  approbamas,  ac  dilectis  nobis  in  Christo, 
nanc  Priori  et  Conventai  loci  predict!,  ratificamas  et  confirmamas,  proat 
littere  predicte  racionabiliter  testantar,  et  proat  iidem  Prior  et  Conventas 
eis  at!  et  gaadere  debent,  ipaiqae,  et  saccesBores  Bai  concessionibas  et  liber- 
tatibas predictis,  a  tempore  confectionis  litterarum  predictarum,  semper 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  li 

hactenns  raoionabiliter  nii  et  gandere  coiiBueyemnb.  In  cuius  rei  testimo- 
nium  has  litteras  noBtras  fieri  fecimus  patentes.  Teste  me  ipso  apad  West- 
xnonasterium  quinto  die  Decembris  anno  regni  nostri  xii\j."    [1435  ] 

"  Nos  aatem  litteras,  concessiones  et  oonfirmationes  prediotas,  ratas  haben- 
tes  et  gratas,  pro  nobis  et  heredibas  nostris,  qnantam  in  nobis  est,  accepta- 
mas,  approbamus,  et  dileotis  nobis  in  Christo,  nanc  Priori  et  Conventoi  looi 
predicti,  tenore  presentium  ratificamus,  et  confirmamns,  sicut  littere  pre* 
dicte  rationabiliter  testantar.  Et  insaper,  sciatis  nos  de  gratia  nostra  speci- 
ali,  et  ex  certa  scientia,  et  motu  nostris,  dedimus  et  concessimas  eisdem 
Priori  et  Conventui,  et  eorum  successoribus,  quod  ipsi  et  eorum  snocessores 
de  cetero,  facere  possent  assignare  Senescallum  suam  ville  de  Veteri  Ker- 
merdyn  pro  tempore  existentem,  esse  et  fore  ooronatorem  infra  predictam 
YUIam  de  Veteri  Eermerdyn.  Et  quod  ipse  Senescallus  sit  Coronator  dicto 
▼ille  de  Veteri  Kermerdyn,  habeatqae  aactoritatem,  et  potestatem  faciendi, 
exercendi,  et  exequendi  infra  predictam  villam  de  Veteri  Kermerdyn  omnia 
et  singula  que  de  jure  ad  officium  Goronatoris  pertinent,  seu  pertinere 
debent,  faciendo  et  exequendo  ullo  modo.  Et  quod  omnes  Burgenses  tenen- 
tes  et  residentoB  dicte  ville  de  Veteri  Kermerdyn,  libere  et  quiete  possint 
emere,  vendere,  sbipare,  et  cariare,  sine  ullo  impedimento,  per,  infra,  et 
super  Eayam  villsB  de  Nova  Kermerdyn,  et  quod  habeant  liberum  ingressum 
et  egressum  ad  eandem  :  ao  eciam  quod  ipsi  tenentes,  burgenses,  et  resi- 
dentes  dicte  ville  de  Veteri  Kermerdyn,  uti  et  gaudere  possint  talibus  liber- 
tatibus,  franchesiis,  et  jurisdictionibus  qualibus  Burgenses  et  residentes 
diote  ville  de  Novo  Kermerdyn,  modo  gaudent  et  utantur,  vel  de  jure  gau- 
dere, et  uti  solent,  debent,  et  possint  quoquomodo,  et  hoc  absque  fine  seu 
feodo  in  Hanaperio  nostro  Cancellarie  nostre  ad  opus  nostram  aliqualiter 
solvendo  seu  faciendo.  In  cuius  rei  testimonium  has  litteras  nostras  fieri 
fecimus  patentes.  Teste  meipso  apud  Westmonasterium,  vicesimo  quarto 
die  Novembris,  anno  regni  nostri  prime."    [1485.] 

Per  litteras  de  private  sigillo,  et  de  data  predicta  auctoritate 
Parliament!,  pro  decem  solidis  solut'  in  Hanaperio." 


9* 


LLANTARNAM    MONASTERY. 

Ministert'  AeeoutUs,  27-38  Henry  VIII,  Boll  97,  Mem.  8. 


"  Comp^us  Dio  LVn  GollectorU  ibidem  'per  tempus  predictum, 

"Arreragia, 

"Nulla  quia  est  primus  Compotns  ipsins  nunc  Computantis  ad  usnm 
Domini  Begis. 

"  Manerium  de  Penryse  infra  dominium  de  Myslcyn. 

"Sed  reddit  Comput'  de  zii\jli.  xvs.  de  Bedd'  Manerii  predioti  cum  omni- 
bus terris  tenementis  redd'BeverSionibus  et  cum  omnibus  pertinendis  eidem 
Manerium  spectantibus  sive  pertinentibus  dimiss'  Thome  Williams  generoso 
per  Indenturam  Sigillo  Conventuali  nuper  Monasterii  predicti  sig^illaf  c^jus 
tenor  sequitnr  in  heo  verba — This  Indenture  made  the  ziiy  th  day  of  Male  in 
the  zxvjth  yere  of  the  Beign  of  Kyng  Henry  the  eight  betwene  Jasper 


lil  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS, 

Abbote  of  the  Monaaterye  of  Lantemam  and  the  Govent  of  the  same  of  the 
one  parte  and  Thomas  WilliAois  of  Penrose  of  the  other  parte  Witnessithe 
that  the  said  abbote  and  Covent  hathe  geven  graunted  and  to  Ferme  letten 
to  the  seid  Thomas  their  manor  of  Penryse  within  the  lordshippe  of  Mya- 
kyne  w't  all  the  lends  tenements  Bents  Revercyons  with  thappurtenances 
To  hare  and  to  holde  the  seid  man'  with  all  the  seid  lends  tenements  Bents 
and  Bevercyons  with  the  appurtenances  to  the  seid  Thomas  and  hys  assignes 
frome  the  daye  of  the  makyng  of  this  present  ante  thende  and  terme  of  Iz 
yeres  nezte  foloyng  and  fully  to  be  completed  paying  yerly  therfore  unto 
the  seyd  abbott  and  his  suocessours  xiiijli.  X7s.  sterling  at  the  Feast  of 
seynt  Harteyn  and  the  Feast  of  Phillipp  and  Jacobe  by  equall  portyons  and 
if  it  happen  the  seyd  yerly  Bent  of  xii\jli.  zvs.  in  parte  or  in  the  hole  at  the 
seid  feasts  or  within  zsg  days  Immediatly  after  in  furme  above  seyd  to  be 
unpaid  that  then  it  shalbe  lawfull  for  the  seid  abbott  or  hys  assignees  in  the 
eeid  man'  to  reentre  and  the  same  as  in  formere  estate  to  holde  thys  Inden- 
ture in  every  wyse  not  withstondyng  provided  that  the  seyd  abbot  and  hys 
saccessors  shall  enjoy  all  man'  of  oblac'ons  offered  in  the  hono'r  of  our 
blessyd  lady  in  or  at  the  chappell  of  Penryse  aforeseyd  with  the  tenement 
belonging  to  the  same  chappell  now  in  the  hands  of  U'n  ap  Morgan  Thomas 
during  the  seyd  terme  In  witnesse  whereof  to  thys  present  Indenture  as- 
well  the  Com'une  scale  of  the  seyd  abbot  and  covent  as  the  seale  of  the  seid 
Thomas  interchaungeable  hath  ben  putt  dated  in  the  Chapterehouse  of  the 
seyd  Monastery  the  day  and  yere  above  named. 

"  Summa  zii^li.  zvs.  ex. 
"  Penryse  al'  a  Tayeme  house. 

"  Et  de  xU.  de  Bedditu  uuius  tenementis  al'  domus  yoo'  le  Taveme  howae 
infra  Penryse  predict'  sic  dimiss'  ad  volunt'  ll'n  ap  Morgan  ap  Thomas  sol- 
vend'  ad  festa  ^ancti  Martini  &  Philippi  &  Jacobi  per  equales  porciones. 

"  S'ma  zk. 
Capell'  beate  Marie  de  Penryse. 

£t  de  zli.  de  oblac'  provenient'  CapeU'  pred'  in  manibus  nuper  abbat' 

hoc  anno.  Summa  tlV 


Ministera^  Accounts,  27-8  Henry  VIII,  BoU  128-9.    Margam, 

M.  lod.    Dominium  de  Hawodporth. 

Compotus  Johannis  Leyson  Ball'  ibidem  per  tempus  p'd'c'm. 

M.  13d.    Llangeweth. 

Et  reddit  compotum  de  £14  Ss.  8d.  de  Redd'  60  Cranocks  Frumeuti  preoii 
le  Cranok  3s.  j^d.  cum  £4  St,  8d.  in  promptis  denar'  sic  dimiss'  Jevan  dd'  ap 
Jenkyn  ad  voluntatem  domini  solvend'  ad  Festa  Annunciacionis  beate  Maria 
Yirginis  et  sancti  Michaelis  Archangeli  equaliter. 

Summa  JB14  St.  SdJ* 


«< 
« 


€€ 


Ministert*  Atcounts,  3-4  Edward  VI.    Glamorgan.    Boll  78,  If.  16. 

^*Parcdr  ierr*  et  Possessionum  nuper  Monasterio  de  Lantemam 

in  Comitatu  Monn&inoth. 

"  Manerium  de  Penryce  infra  Dominiam  de  Miskyn. 

<*  Compotus  Thome  Williams  Firmarii  ibidem  per  tempus  p'd'c'm. 

"Arreragia. 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  liii 

*'  Nulla  pront  in  pede  Compoti  anni  pros'  precedentis  patet. 

"S*manTdl'. 
*'  Firma  diet'  Manerii. 

"  Sed  reddit'  compotum  de  xiug  li.  xv«.  de  firma  Manerii  ibidem  com  omni- 
bus et  singulis  suis  pertin'  per  annum  in  tennra  Thome  Williams  generosi 
per  Indenturam  sub  sigillo  Conven'  dicti  nuper  Monasterii  dat'  ziiij'mo  die 
Mali  anno  rr*  H.  vi^'Vi  xx^'to  Hend'  sibi  et  assign'  suis  a  die  confecc'enis 
presencium  usque  ad  finem  termini  Ix'ta  annorum  tunc  proz'  sequen'  et  ple- 
nor'  complend'  Beddend'  inde  ut  supra  sol'  ad  Festa  Annunoiac'o'is  beate 
Marie  Yirginis  et  Sancti  MichaeUs  Archangeli  equaliter. 

"Summazii^li.  xv«. 
**  r*  in  Compote  Beceptoris. 

'*  Summa  Firm'  zii\jli.  xvs.  ex*.  Qui  onerant'  in  Compote  Mathei  Herbert 
Armigeri  Beceptoris  Domini  Begis  ibidem  prout  in  eodem  Compote  pleniua 
apparere  poterit. 

^'Etsitbiceq." 


The  following  documents  have  been  extracted,  through  the  kindness  of 
Colonel  Madocks,  from  a  manuscript  volume  of  deeds  relating  to  his  family, 
with  which  that  of  Aberchwiler  (written  also  Aberquillar,  Aberquelar,  and 
Aber  Wheeler)  was  connected  by  descent  from  a  common  ancestor.  Sir  Bobt. 
Pounderling,  Knight  Banneret,  and  Constable  of  Dyserth  Castle  (Castell  y 
Garreg),  temp.  Edward  II.  See  the  pedigree  in  Add.  MS.  9865,  fol.  102,  in 
which  the  names  Thomas  ab  Edward  ab  Madoc  would  appear  to  be  identical 
with  those  of  '*  Thom»  ab  Edenived  ab  Matto"  in  the  deed  of  1507.  From 
the  fact  that  the  father  of  John  Madocks,  who  married  Jane  Williams, 
heiress  of  Yron  Iw,  and  oh,  ante  1666,  is  described  in  the  pedigree  as  of  Bod- 
ffari,  and  the  numerous  legal  transactions  between  the  families  exhibited  in 
the  volume,  it  is  not  improbable  that  some  further  matrimonial  connection 
existed  between  the  families  than  appears  in  the  pedigree.  Aberwheeler  is 
still  the  name  of  a  township  in  the  parish  of  Bodffari ;  but  no  vestiges  of  any 
mansion  therein  are  said  to  be  now  in  existence. 

"144 1. — Dogvilin.  Curia  S'ava  Commoti  de  Dogvilin  &  Aberquileer  tent' 
apud  Buthin  coram  Johannem  Eltonhede  Seneschal  de  Dei&encloyd 
die  Martis  proximo  post  festum  Nativitatis  Sancti  Johannis  Bap* 
tistcD  anno  Begis  Henrici  sexti  post  conquestum  19*0. 

"  lello  ap  Blethyn  goch  venit  hie  in  Curia  coram  prsfat'  Senesoallo  die  & 
anno  prsedict'  &  cessit  de  novo  unum  tenementum  in  Aberquilear  quondam 
Belein  ap  Carwel  continens  7  acras  &;  dimidium  teme  ctgus  Beddit'  p'  ann' 
3«.  9d.  antea  in  manum  suam  pro  eodem  redditd  primam  Habend'  &  tenend' 
sibi  &  her^bus  suis  per  servicia  Anglicana.  Beddend'  inde  annuatim  (^to- 
ius)  reddltnm  ad  terminos  usuales.  Et  si  aliqnis  venerit  &  cessit  de  mana 
sua  satisfactionem  sibi  pro  cnstagio  &  expensis  suis  in  eodem  tenemento 
factis.  Et  sic  de  inoremento  redditus  p'  ann'  nichil.  Et  (hitUue)  libert*. 
Salvo  jure  ocguslibet. 

"  Et  dat  domino  plee  fine  pro  libertat'  Anglicana  habend'  2$.  p'  manus 
Jenkin  ap  David. 

*'  Cum  Botulis  CnriaB  concordat. 

"  Dat'  p'  me  Edwardum  Hollande  Deput'  Will'i  Pistor  Armigeri 
Becordatoris  ibidem." 


liv  OBIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


"  1483.  In  v^  Cur*  oommot'  de  Dogvilin  tent'  coram  Petro  Stanley  Senesoball 
ibidem  die  Martis  proximo  post  festum  OonTersationis  {tic)  sanoti 
Fauli  anno  Begis  Edwardi  4ti  22*0  irrotnlatur  sio. 

•'  Ithel  19  David  Boogham  qui  tenoit  de  Domino  nnam  paroellam  terra, 
in  Villa  de  Aberqnelar  Tocat'  Clawth  y  londesdale  qua  solvit  redditnm  per 

Annum  6d.  adhuc  existit in  manibos  Domini Et  sua  modo 

venit  bio  in  Cor'  Tbomas  Yollo  ap  Blethyn  gocb Domino  quod  pro 

prsddict'  paroeUa  terr»  cum  suis  pertinentiis.  Habend'  &  Tenend*  sibi  & 
beredibus  &  assigns  suis  in  perpetuum  Beddendo  inde  Annuatim  'jd,  ad 

ibidem  usales.    Et  sic  de  redditu  pr»dicta  6d.    Et  fecit  fidelitatem 

Et  seisina  ei  inde  liberatur  Salvo  jure  crgaslibet  Et  dat  Domino  de  fine 
Jobannis  Holland. 

"  Proviso  semper  quod  si  rectus  brores  venit  &  ceepit  {He)  dictaa  terras  sub 

antique  redditu  &  fine  quod  tunc  satisfadat  diet'  Tboms  beeredibus  (sie)  & 

assignatis  suis  pro  omnibus  custagiis  suis  et  expensis  tam  in  fossis  &  cepi- 

bus  suis  quam  edifidis  super  & diet'  terr'  fact'  per  DiBcretionem  fide- 

lium  in  bac  indeferenter  eleotorom. 

Dat'  pro  oopia." 


*t 


"  Z499.  In  9'a  Curia  Commot'  de  Dogvilin  tent'  coram  Boberto  Salesbnry 
Locumtenens  (sie)  Tbomie  Salesbury  Militis  Seneschal  ididem  (itc) 
Die  Mercur*  in  prima  Septi'a  pasce  Anno  Begis  Henrici  7'mi  i3'o 
irrot'  sic 

"  Qriffith  ap  John  ap  Yollo  (slias)  Qriffitb  ap  Glen  vercb  Thomas  venit  hio 

in  curiam  &  petit  se  admitti  ad  rel medietat'  omnium  terramm  nnper 

dicti  Thom»  in  Villa  Aberquillar reddit'  p'  ann'  8«.  4d.    Cui  concedi- 

tur  sub  periculo.  Habend'  et  tenend'  sibi  beredibus  &  assignatis  suis  per 
servicia  inde  debita  &.  do  (?) oonsueta  in  perpetuum  Et  fecit  fideli- 
tatem.   Et  seisine  ei  liberatur    Salvo  jure  oi^juslibet.    Qui  dat  Domino  de 

Belevio  tam Symon  ap  ItheL 

Dat'  pro  copia." 


«r 


''  1507.  Dogvilein :  Cur*  prima  Commot'  predict'  tent'  apud  Butbyn  poet 
ingressum  Domini  Begis  Die  Mercurii  proxima  post  festum  Sancti 
PauU  Apoetoli  coram  Joanne  Pyleston  Senescal'  ibidem  Anno  Begis 
Henrici  7'mi  22'o  sic  habetur. 

"  Defensio'  Domini  Begis  ponit  in  medietatem  omnium  terrarum  A,  Tene« 
mentorum  in  Commot'  de  Dogvillin  in  villa  de  Abergueler  nuper  in  manus 
Thomffi  ap  Edenived  ap  Matto  ne  alii  intromittant  neque  mantu  apponat 
nee  occupet  dictas  Terras  k  Tenementa  sine  Licentia  Griffith  ab  John  ap 
Yollo  alias  Griffith  ap  fileythin  uoh  {sic)  Thomas  ap  Edenived  ap  Matto  sub 
posna  68.  8d.  Domino  regi  solvend'. 

"  Dogvillin.  Cur'  secunda  Commot'  predict'  tent'  apud  Butbin  die  Jovia 
proximo  post  festum  S'ti  Laurentii  coram  profat'  Senescallo  anno  supra  diet' 
Begis  predict'  sic  habetur. 

"  Jonet  uch  Thomas  ap  Ednived  ap  Matto  pro  suo  fiUso  clamore  versus 

Griffith  ap  John  ap  Yollo  in  placito  cur*  prout  oompertam  est  per 

Biohard  ap  Meredith." 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  Iv 

*'i529.  Dogvillin.  Curia  qnarta  Commot'  predict'  tent*  apud  Euthin  Die 
Mercnrii  proz'  post  festum  sanctee  Mariee  Yirginis  coram  Petro 
Salesbury  arm'o  Senesoal'  ibidem  Anno  regni  Beg^  Henrici  octavi 
vioeaimo  Septimo  sic  habetur. 

''Ad  banc  cnriam  venit  David  ap  Bicbard  ap  Mereditb  ap  YoUin  coram 
prsefat'  senescall'  <fe  sursum  reddit  in  manns  Domini  omnia  (sic)  Terras  & 
Tenementa  sua  prata  pascaa  &  pastar'  boscos  subboscos  &  servicia  cum 
omnibus  snis  pertinentiis  prout  jacent  in  metis  bundis  in  villa  de  Aberque- 

lar  in  Commot'  de  Dogvillin  nuper  Bicardi  ap  Mereditb et  quondam 

Johanne  ucb  Thomas  ap  Edenived  ap  Matto  reddit'  annual!  26s.  &  8d.  ad 
opus  &  usum  Henrici  ap  David  ap  Griffith  ap  Dicns  &  Gwen  uch  Bicbard  ap 
Meredith  ap  Yollyn  Habend'  &  Tenend'  sibi  heredibus  &  assignatis  suis 
De  capitali  domino  feeodi  illius  per  reddit'  A  serviciis  inde  debit  &  de  jure 
consuetis  inperpetuum  Et  liberat'  est  eis  in  de  seisina  salvo  jure  cujuslibet 
qui  dant  Domino  de  relevio  tunc  irrot'  Johanne  ap  David  ap  Griffith  ap  Dicus. 


1530  (not  in  MS.),  "Dogvillin.  Curia  undecima  Commot'  preedict'  tent' apud 
Buthin  die  Mercurii  prox'  post  festum  Sancti  Bamabi  (sic)  Apostoli 
coram  Petro  Salesbury  Armigeri  Senescal'  ibidem  Anno  regis  Hen- 
rici octavo  vlcesimo  octavo  sic  habetur. 

"Ad  hanc  curiam  venerunt  Henry  ap  David  ap  Griffith  ap  Dicus  &  Fulk 

ap  Henry  &  Gwen  uch  Bicbard  ap  Meredith  ap  YoUin  uxor  dicti  ffuloi  coram 

prefat'  senescallo  &  sursum  reddunt  in  manum  Domini"  (lands,  tenements, 

etc.,  as  in  last  deed)  "nuper  Johne  uch  Thomas  ap  Edon  ap  Matto  prout" 

(etc.,  as  before)  "  in  villa  de  Aberguillar  in  Commot'  de  Dogvillin  &  queo 

pr»dict'  Henricus  &  Gwen  uch  Bichard  nuper  queasiverunt  ex  sursum  reddi- 

tione  David  ap  Bichard  ap  Meredith  ut  patet  in  quarta  Curia  de  Dogvillin 

tent'  apud  Buthin"  (etc.,* as  in  heading  of  last  deed).    "  Et  fecit  fidelitatem 

Et  seisina  inde  illi  liberatur  salvo  jure  ci:guslibet.    Qui  dat  Domino  de 

relevio. 

"  Howell  ap  Jenkin." 


<« 


DogveiUn.  Curia  tertia  in  Commot'  prsBdict'  tenC  apud  Buthin  die  Mercurii 
in  Vig^lia  Sancti  Andnei  {sic)  Apostoli  coram  Petro  Salesbury  Armi- 
gero  Senescallo  ibidem  Anno  regni  regis  Henrici  octavi  vicesimo 
octavo  sic  habetur. 


€€ 


^  Ad  hanc  curiam  venit  David  ap  Meredith  ab  Bobert  coram  prcBfat'  Senes- 
callo &  sursum  reddidit  in  manus  Domini  regis  Totum  jus  suum  titulum 
Clamvam  Demand'  &  Interesse  in  omnibas  illis  tends"  (etc.,  as  before). 


Endorsement  of  sheet  containing  the  above  deeds  : 

"1529- 
"Aberchwilar. 


"  David  ap  Bichard  ap  Meredith  to  Henry  ap  David  ab  Griffith  Gwen  uch 
Bichd.  ap  David.  And  Henry  ap  David  ap  Griffith  and  Foulk  ap  Henry  and 
Gwen  uch  Bd.  ap  David  to  David  ap  Meredith  ap  Bobert.  And  David  ap 
Meredith  ap  Bobert  to  John  ap  Griffith  ap  John  ap  YoUo." 


Ivi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


"  i6  Feb.  1540.  The  5th  Court  of  the  Commot  of  Dogvillin,  held  [at]  Buthin 
on  Tuesday  next  after  the  feast  of  St.  Matthias,  before  Eob.  Sales- 
bury,  Esq.,  Steward  there,  31  Hen.  8. 

I 

«'  David  ap  Richard,  the  son  and  heir  of  Richard  ap  Maredith,  constitutes, 
ordains,  and  puts  in  his  place,  Poulk  ap  Harry,  his  attorney,  to  surrender 
into  the  hands  of  the  Lord  the  King  a  tenement  lying  in  the  Vill  of  Aber- 
chwilar  in  the  Lordship  of  Ruthin,  with  its  appurts.;  in  the  tenure  of  John 
Griffith ;  and  another  tenement,  etc.,  in  the  tenure  of  David  ap  John,  and 
all  other  his  hereds.,  etc.,  or  elsewhere,  in  the  Lordship  of  Ruthin;  to  the 
use  of  the  said  John  ap  Griffith  and  his  heirs  for  ever. 

"  By  virtue  of  which  letter  of  attorney,  etc.,  as  before." 


Grant  by  the  Earl  of  Leicester  to  Griffith- ap  John  Griffiths 
Isdulas^  Bodrughu?yn^  Maesgwig. 

"21  Jan.  1574.  Ind*re  between  Robt.  ^arl  of  Leicester,  Baron  of  Denbigl], 
of  the  one  part,  and  Griffith,  ap  John  Griffith,  of  Aberwheeler  in  the 
County  of  Denbigh,  Gent.,  of  the  other  part. 

''The  Earl,  for  the  sum  of  4  pence  to  him  by  the  said  Griffith  paid  by 
licence  from  the  Queen  by  her  letters  patent  dated  30  June,  9th  of  her  reign, 
sold,  enfeoffed,  demised,  granted,  and  confirmed  to  s'd  Griffith  ap  John 
Griffith,  those  messuages,  16.  acres  of  arable  li^id,  2  acres  and  |  of  meadow, 
16  aoMs  of  pasture,  in  Bodryghwyn  within  the  commot  of  Isdulas  in  ye 
county  of  Denbigh,  now  in  the  tenure  of  Willm.' Griffith,  Thos.  ap  David  ap 
John,  and  David  ap  John,  or  the  ten'ts  or  assigns  of  Griffith  ap  John  Griffith 
ajB  in  right  of  Alice  his  wife. 

"  Also  3  acres  of  arable  land  and  2  acres  of  pasture  in  Haesg^g,  in  the 
tenure  of  Edward  ap  Robert  ye  ten't  or  assigns  of  Griffith  ap  John  Griffith 
as  in  right  of  his  wife. 

"  All  which  prem'es  are  parcell  of  the  Lordship  or  Manor  of  Denbigh  af  s'd, 
and  late  were  parcell  of  the  lands  and  possessions  of  the  late  Earl  Marchie 
in  the  county  of  Denbigh. 

"And  also  grants  to  Griffith  ap  John  Griffith  not  only  free  common  of 
pasture  in  the  mountains,  lands,  wasts,  and  in  all  other  places  common 
within  the  af  s'd  Lordship  of  Denbigh,  and  Denbigh  land  heretofore  not  in- 
closed, at  all  tiroes  of  the  year,  for  all  his  animals  and  cattle,  as  appertain- 
ing of  the  afs'd  messuage,  lands,  tenem^ts,  and  other  the  prem'es,  but  also 
reasonable  common  of  turbary  for  fire  and  covering  of  the  houses,  and  Esto- 
vers, Bruerice,  lampnorum,  and  Felicis,  called  Feam,  only,  and  not  of 
woods,  underwoods,  or  trees,''at  all  times  of  ye  year,  in  and  upon  the  waste 
lands,  moux^ains..  and  common  soil  af s'd,  to  be  had  for  the  afs'd  messuage 
and  lands,  and  to  be  expended  there  and  not  elsewhere. 

"  Reserving  to  the  Earl  all  royaltys,  libertys,  franchises,  privileges,  juris- 
dictions, and  mises,  hawking,  hunting,  fishing,  and  mines  of  gold,  silver, 
copper,  lead,  and  other  metals  whatsoever,  of  and  in  the  premises. 

"  To  hold  to  Griffith  ap  John  Griffith,  his  h'rs  and  ass*,  for  ever,  in  common 
socage  OS  of  ye  Castle  of  Denbigh,  by  fealty  and  suit  of  court  of  ye  ai  Vd 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  clxxvii 


SIB   STEPHEN   BAWCEN. 

It  is  difficult,  in  Sir  Stephen  Bawoen,  to  reoog^nise  Stephen  de  BaiooiB,  lord 
of  that  barony  in  the  county  of  Lincoln,  and  a  baron  of  the  realm.  His 
name  is  corrupted  into  many  forms.  Among  them  are  Banse,  Baucen,  Baw- 
son,  Bazan,  Bayhus,  Buzun,  Baiocas,  Bays,  and  Bayens  or  Bayensis,  all  indi- 
cating^ his  origin  from  the  Norman  city  of  Bayeux. 

The  pedigree  opens  with  Banulph  de  Bayeux,  a  great  Lincolnshire  baron 
in  the  time  of  Henry  I,  and  a  benefactor  to  Newhus  Abbey.  He  married 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Alan  de  Lincoln,  and  had  Hugh,  Alan,  and  others. 

Hugh,  the  second  baron,  held  per  haraniamVie  barony  de  Baiocis,  contain- 
ing fourteen  and  a  half  knights'  fees,  the  distribution  of  which  appears  in 
his  return  to  Henry  II«  recorded  in  the  Liber  Niger.  He  appeal's  also  in  the 
various  scutage  lists  in  the  reign  of  Henry  II  and  Biohard  I.  He  died  about 
8  Bichard  I  (1196},  leaving  Alienor,  his  widow,  and  two  sons,  John  and  Ste* 
phen.    Alienor  paid  one  hundred  marcs  to  marry  as  she  pleased. 

John  succeeded  as  third  baron,  and  was  probably  of  age,  2  Henry  III. 
3  Henry  III,  the  King  respited  the  payment  of  his  reliefs  on  succeeding. 
From  hence  to  9  Henry  III,  though  twice  charged  with  homicide,  he  was  a 
justice  itinerant.  At  the  latter  date,  1226,  he  was  Constable  of  Flympton  ' 
Castle  in  Devon ;  and  next  year  is  a  charge  for  his  messenger  sent  to  the 
King.  18  Henry  III  (1234)  ^®  ^  entered  on  the  Fine  Boll  as  "  Baro''.  John 
died  33  Henry  III  (1248),  when  his  next  heir  was  his  brother  Stephen,  then 
above  sixty  years  old.  His  lands  in  capite  were  in  Lincoln,  Dorset,  and 
Northampton. 

Stephen,  fourth  and  last  Baron,  was  an  active  and  successful  soldier,  and, 
probably  as  a  younger  son,  pushed  his  fortune  in  South  Wales.  He  did 
homage  as  his  brother's  heir.  On  his  succession,  33  Henry  III  (1249),  when 
the  King,  in  whose  favour  he  stood,  remitted  his  reliefs  for  the  counties  of 
Lincoln  and  Dorset,  he  gave  security  for  JBioo.  38  Henzy  III  he  had  the 
King's  part  of  Kempston,  Beds.,  and  a  part  of  Brizham  in  Devon.  The 
earliest  mention  of  Stephen  in  Wales  is  probably  in  the  Rot,  de  FregtiHs  of 
the  12th  of  John  (29  Aug^t,  12 10),  whence  it  appears  that  he  was  freed  of 
two  marcs  by  that  King  then  at  Margam.  He  must  have  been  just  of  age. 
That  he  was  Vice  Comes  of  Glamorgan  appears  from  the  charter  given 
above,  and  from  one  by  Owen  and  others,  sons  of  Alaythour,  to  Margam,  of 
which  he  is  a  witness.  (Harl.  Chart.  75,  c.  25.)  He  was  not  then  a  knight. 
Meyrick  says  that  Sir  Stephen  Bawson  had  a  grant  of  Brigan,  in  Llansan- 
nor,  from  Bichard  Earl  of  Gloucester,  and  built  a  house  there.  He  certainly 
held  one  and  a  half  knight's  fees  in  Hemingstrasse,  co.  Pemb.  T.  Wykes 
calls  him  "  vir  magni  probitatis";  and  the  Oxney  Chronicle,  "  miles  strenuis- 
simus";  and  both,  with  the  Annals  of  Margam,  relate  his  death  in  1257.  In 
that  year,  before  St.  Peter's  Day,  he  took  a  share  in  an  expedition  of  some 
magnitude,  despatched  by  Henry  III  to  repel  the  Welsh,  who  had  laid  waste 
the  Earl  of  Gloucester's  lands,  and  probably  those  of  Sir  Stephen.  The 
advance  seems  to  have  been  mismanaged,  and  Sir  Stephen  and  many  other 
English  were  slain.  This  was  probably  in  Caermarthenshire ;  but  an  effigy 
in  Llansannor  Church,  the  parish  church  of  Brigan,  is  said  to  represent  his 
person  and  cover  his  remains.    Ag^es,  his  widow,  had  in  1257  (41  Henry  III) 

X 


Clxxviii  ORIGINAL  DOCTJMEKTS. 

a  lease  for  six  years,  from  the  King,  of  the  Till  and  hundred  of  Wotton,  co. 
Oxon. 

After  Stephen's  death  two  ladies  appear  vpon  the  scene;  but  whether 
they  were  his  ehildren,  or  those  of  his  brother  John,  has  been  doubted.  Dug- 
dale  and  most  of  the  reoords  give  them  to  John.  On  the  Bolls  of  Fisrliament 
they  are  attributed  to  Stephen.  It  appears  from  a  document  printed  in 
1 87 1  in  the  Journal  of  the  Archeological  Institute  (p.  312),  that  they  were 
really  the  children  of  John ;  but  it  was  not  till  the  failure  of  the  male  Hne 
that  they  became  heirs  of  the  barony.  Of  the  two,  Matilda  was  the  elder ; 
Joan  the  younger ;  but  both  were  under  age  when  Stephen  died.  The  Welsh 
estates,  being  a  male  fief,  escheated  to  the  Lord  of  Olamorg^an ;  but  Agnes, 
the  widow,  had  a  third  in  dower. 

The  King  granted  the  wardship  of  the  nieces  to  Elias  de  Babayne,  who 
married  the  eldest  daughter,  and  took  the  other  abroad,  where  she  married 
Baudret,  an  alien.  Babayne  seems  to  hare  attempted  to  acquire  the  whole 
property,  on  the  plea  of  the  alienage  of  Baudret,  who,  however,  surrendered 
his  wife's  half  to  the  King,  who  seems  already  to  hare  seised  it  in  1258.  The 
result  was  a  succession  of  lawsuits.  Babayne  died,  leaving  children,  appa- 
rently ;  John,  who  had  lands  in  Thoreswey  9  Edward  I ;  Joan,  to  whom  on 
her  marriage  with  Bobert  de  Brakenbury,  was  given  Kelleston,  a  part  of  the 
barony,  which  came  to  their  son  Bobert;  and  apparently  a  third  child, 
Matilda.  Elias  de  Babayne  died  before  1290,  and  his  widow  married  Peter 
Mallory,  a  Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas  under  Edwards  I  and  II;  but  a 
Peter  de  Babayne,  probably  an  uncle,  was  guardian  of  the  infants^  and  died 
about  I  Edward  III. 

Joan  left  a  son,  Peter  Baudret,  a  Poitevin,  who  claimed  his  mother^s  moiety 
from  the  crown  without  success.  The  other  moiety  was  finally,  12  Edward  II, 
confirmed  to  Peter  de  Babayne  either  as  trustee  or  as  heir. 

Bees  Meyrick  gives  a  different  account  from  the  above  of  the  relations  of 
Sir  Stephen,  whom  he  calls  Bawson  aZias  Bassing.  He  says  he  had  issue, 
Thomas,  whose  daughter  and  heir,  Elizabeth,  married  Sir  Simon  or  Sir  Adam 
Walsh  of  Llandough,  whose  daughter  and  heir,  Bettin,  married  Aaron  ap 
Howell  Yychan,  and  so  on.  If  there  be  any  truth  in  this  statement,  Thomas 
must  have  been  a  natural  son,  holding  Brigan  by  special  grant  from  the  lord. 

There  is  also  an  account  of  the  family  of  Sir  Stephen  given  by  Prince  in 
his  Worthies  of  Devon,  which  differs  materially  firom  the  above.  He  makes 
him  son  of  Sir  GKiy  Bawcen  of  Yardbiry,  co.  Devon,  and  calls  the  elder  brother 
Sir  Bichard  of  Norton-Bawceyn.  He  also  makes  Sir  Stephen  die  childless, 
and  says  the  lands  passed  to  his  brother's  only  daughter,  who  married  Sir 
Bichard  Hiwish.  No  mention  is  made  of  any  connection  with  Lincolnshire. 
The  two  accounts  have  not  been  reconciled.  The  Devon  family  bore  for 
arms,  azure,  two  bars  undy  gules,  a  quarter  sable. 

Carta  Ricardi  Comitis  GloucestrUy  etc,.  Domino  Nicholao  de  San/ord. 

IP.R.O.     Treasury  of  the  Exchequer.    Wallia.    Bag  2,  No,  10,] 

Sciant  presentee  et  futuri  quod  ego  Bicardus  de  Claie  Comes  Gloncestrie 
et  Herefordie  dedi  et  concessi  et  hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  domino 
Nicholao  de  Sanford'  pro  homagio  et  servicio  sao  totum  manerium  meum  de 
Lecquid  in  Glammorgan  cum  pertinenciis  suis.    Habendum  et  tenendum 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  clxxix 

eidem  Kicholao  et  heoredibtus  suis  vel  assignatis  ezoeptia  Jndeis  et  viris  reli- 
giosis  de  me  Ricardo  et  heredibns  meis  libere  6t  qniete  bene  et  in  pace  inte- 
gre  et  hereditarie  in  boBcb  et  planis  in  pratie  et  paeturiB  in  tenia  et  aqoifl 
in  viis  et  semitia  in  homagiia  et  reditibas  in  yilenagiia  et  senriciis  in  esoaetia 
releyiia  et  wardia  in  piacaxiia  et  atagnia  in  molendinia  et  omniboa  aliia  per- 
tinenciia  auia  et  libertatibua.  Sioat  ego  illnd  maneriam  onm  omnibua  per- 
tinenciia  eidem  pertinentibna  meliua  et  liberioa  per  reotaa  diveraaa  aliquo 
tempore  tenni.  Faoiendo  inde  annnatim  dictna  Nicholana  et  heredea  aai 
vel  aasignati  exoeptia  Jadeia  et  Tiria  religioaia  miobi  Bicardo  et  herediboa 
meia  aerviciam  qnarte  partia  feodi  aniua  militia  pro  omni  aervicio  et  ezac- 
tione  et  aecta  curie  et  Comitatna  et  omni  moda  oonanetodinea  tolney  vel 
alterioa  rei.  Dedi  et  conceaai  eidem  Nicbolao  et  herediboa  auia  vel  aasignatia 
heybote  et  huabote  in  omnibua  foreatia  meia  de  Meyakin  per  yiaum  forestio- 
rum  meorum.  Et  ego  Bicardua  de  Clare  et  heredea  mei  dictum  manexium 
de  Lecquid  cum  omnibua  pertinenciia  auia  ut  predictum  eat  eidem  Nicholao 
et  heredibua  auia  vel  aaaignatia  ezceptia  Judeia  et  viria  religioaia  contra 
omnea  gentea  in  perpetuum  warantizabimua.  Et  ut  heo  mea  donatio  et  con- 
oeasio  et  preaente  carte  mee  oonfirmacio  robur  perpetue  firmitatia  optineant 
eum  aigilli  mei  impreaaione  roboravi.  fiiia  teatibus  domino  Stephano  Bau- 
cen  tunc  Yicecomite  Glamorgan  Galfrido  de  Fanecurt  Waltero  de  SuUie 
Qilberto  Dumfranvile  GHlberto  Turbervile  Will' mo  de  Begny  Ada  Wal- 
enae  Daniele  Siward  Bogero  de  Beygni  Thoma  de  Sullie  clerioo  Will'mo 
Flendrenae  et  multia  aliia. 

The  aeal»  now  gone,  waa  of  green  wax  upon  a  double  cord  of  plaited  red 
aDk  with  gold  threada  interwoven*  The  endoraement,  in  a  Tudor  hand,  ia 
"  Carta  Bicardi  de  Clare  Comltia  Glouo'  et  Hertfir*  de  manerio  auo  de  Leo- 
wid  in  com'  Glam'  Nicholao  de  Sandford."  Below,  in  a  later  hand,  "  Scrn- 
tata  pro  aigillo  P.  L.",  for  Peter  le  Neve. 


Carta  Nicholai  de  Sandford  Laurendo  fratro  mo. 
[P.  B.  O.    Treaaury  of  the  Exchequer,    WalUa,    Bag  2.] 

Sciant  preaentea  et  fnturi  quod  ego  Nicholana  de  Sandford  dedi  conceaai  et 
hac  preaenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  domino  Laurendo  de  Sandford  fratri  meo 
pro  homagio  et  aervicio  auo  totum  manerium  meum  de  Lecquid  in  Glanmor- 
gania  cum  omnibua  pertinenciia  ad  dictum  manerium  pertinentibua  aine  all- 
quo  retinemento  quod  quidem  manerium  habui  de  done  domini  Bicardi  de 
Clare  Comitia  Glouceatrie  et  Hertfordie.  Habendum  et  tenendum  eidem 
Laurencio  et  heredibua  auia  vel  aula  aaaignatia  de  predicto  domino  Bicardo 
de  Clare  Comite  Glouceatrie  et  Hertfordie  et  heredibua  auia  libere  qniete 
bene  et  in  pace  integre  et  hereditarie  aicut  ego  predictum  manerium  cum 
omnibua  p^inendia  auia  meliua  et  liberiua  aliquo  tempore  tenui  et  aicut 
continetnr  in  carta  quam  predictua  dominua  Bicardua  de  Clare  Cornea  Glouc* 
et  Hert'  de  dicto  manerio  michi  fecit  fAoiendo  aervicium  inde  debitum  pre- 
dictua Laurendua  et  heredea  aui  vel  aui  aaaignati  predicto  domino  Bicardo 
de  Clare  Comite  Glouc*  et  Hertf  et  heredibua  auia  aicut  in  prediota  carta 
quam  predictua  dominua  B.  de  C.  Com'  Glouc'  et  Hertf  inde  michi  fedt  oon- 
tinetur.    Et  ut  hec  mea  donacio  oonceaaio  et  preaena  carte  mee  confirmatio 


clxxx  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

parpetae  flrtnitatis  in  peip«tiiam  robar  optineant  pFeaentem  c«FUm  tagOli 
mai  impraBBions  roboravi.  HUb  testibua  domino  Fbilippo  Baaaeth  -nrnguAro 
Thoiii»  Cumyn  doiniDO  'WiHielmo  Dyne  damino  Oliveio  da  Ingham  do- 
mino Bogero  de  Sandfoid  domino  Ada  de  Button  domino  WiU'mo  da  Ejr- 
*Ue  domino  Banulpbo  da  Amundevile  ThoDM  le  Bloat  Ada  de  la  EWde 
Alano  da  Esefeld    Johanna  de  Merden'  at  aliia. 

The  Baal  ia  of  grean  wax,  half  broken  away ;  but  the  remainder  ahowa  a 
heater-ehield  charged  with  three  bars  nndy.     OF  the  legend  there  remains 

"  de  Sandford."    The  seal  ie  npon  a  thick  double  eoidof  plaited  green 

silk.  The  endoTBamant,  of  the  raign  of  Elitabeth  or  James,  runa,  "  Concea- 
aio  Nicholai  de  Sandford  de  Hanerio  de  Leqoid  in  Com'  Glamorgan'." 


Carta  Lavreneii  de  Sandford  Domino  PhUippo  Baaiet. 
[P,  B.  0.     Treaiury  0/ (Ae  Bieftegaer.     WaVM.     Bag  3.'] 

Sdant  presentee  et  fiitnii  qnod  ego  LaoianoiuB  de  Sanfoid  dedi  ooneaaai 
et  hac  preaenti  carta  mea  oonfirmavi  domino  Philippo  Basset  pro  serricio 
suo  totnm  maneriiim  meum  cnm  omnibns  pertioenoiia  eniB  de  Leoqnid  in 
Olanmorgan.  Hsbeaduta  et  tenendom  de  me  et  heredibuB  meia  predicto 
Philippo  at  harediboB  bqIb  vel  Buia  aaaigiuitiB  libera  quiete  bene  et  in  paoe 
integie  in  feodo  et  bereditate  et  nbicnnqua  vel  caiounqne  totnm  predictum 
manerinm  cam  omniboB  pertinanciis  sals  dare  vendete  ant  asaignare  volue- 
rint  eioeptia  reUgione  et  Judeismo.  Beddendo  inde  michi  Laarendo  et 
herediboB  meia  predictoa  Fbilippaa  et  heredee  aui  vel  sai  assignati  qaolibet 
anno  ad  featum  Sanoti  Hichaelis  nnnm  denariam  et  capital!  domino  feodi 
aei^cium  debitam  at  eominetnm  quod  ad  predlotnm  tDaueriam  pertinet  Boi- 
licet  qnando  sontaginm  erenerit  quartam  partem  feodi  nniDB  militis  pro 
ontnibas  lerriciiB  qaecelis  consuatadinibna  aectiis  cniie  et  pro  omnibus  da- 
mandia  aeculanbua.  Et  ego  Laurenoins  et  heredaa  mei  waranttEabimuB 
defendemns  et  acqaietabimus  totam  predictum  monerium  cum  omnibuB  pct- 
tiaenciiB  buIb  predicto  Philippo  et  herediboa  suis  rel  auis  assignatis  pro  pre- 
dicto serricio  contra  omnaa  gentos  in  perpetuom.  £b  vt  hac  mea  donacio 
ooncesaio  at  preaentia  carte  mee  confinoacio  flrmam  robnr  peraeTCtanciffi 
optineant  earn  preaente  carta  maa  et  sigilli  mei  impreaaione  confirmavi. 
Hiis  teatiboe  Domino  Hugone  Diapenaatore  tunc  joatioiaiio  Anglie  Bogero 
de  Sanford  Nicbolao  Spygnmel  Herberto  de  B11I7  Bioardo  de  Cnleirurth 
tunc  Constabulario  Turris  Londini  Johanne  de  Mapelderefeld  Bobecto 
Camrawrio    Bba  de  X^Tth    Eenzioo  de  Wykham  et  aliis. 

The  slight  remaina  of  a  seal  in  white  wax  are  aCBied  to  a  parchment  label. 


ORIGINAL   DOCUMENTS.  clxxxi 

Only,  of  the  legend,  remain  the  letters  en.  The  endorsement  is  by  Peter  le 
Neve,  and  is  "  Glamorgan  Lequid  Manerium  ooncessio  per  Laor'  Sanford 
Phelippo  Basset." 

Philip  Basset,  who  witnesses  the  charter  of  Nicholas,  and  by  that  of  Law- 
rence de  Sandford  has  the  manor  of  Lequid  or  Leckwith,  near  Cardiff,  was  a 
considerable  person. 

Alan  Basset  of  Wycombe,  Baron,  who  died  17  Henry  III,  was  fkther  of— 
I,  Gilbert,  whose  only  son  died  young.  2,  Warine,  who  was  in  rebellion  in 
Wales  with  Earl  Biohard  Marescha},  and  was  killed  in  an  attack  on  Cardiff 
Castle  in  1233,  and  buried  at  Llandaff.  He  left  no  issue.  3,  Fulke,  Dean  of 
York,  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  and  Bishop  of  London,  who  inherited,  and  also 
died  childless,  43  Henry  III.  4,  Philip,  fourth  Baron  Basset  of  Wycombe. 
In  1258  he  was  one  of  the  twelve  barons  elected  by  the  combined  king's 
and  barons'  party,  and  afterwards  of  the  twenty-four  appointed  to  reform 
the  realm.  In  1261  he  was  made  justiciary  of  England,  and  in  1264  one  of 
those  whose  lands  were  wasted  by  the  barons  for  their  adhesion  to  the  king. 
In  1264  he  was  at  the  battle  of  Lewes,  and  had  a  narrow  escape,  for  so  long 
as  he  could  stand  to  fight  he  refused  quarter.  In  1266  he  was  one  of  the 
twelve  elected  by  the  "  Dictum  de  Kenilworth"  to  classify  the  insurgents 
according  to  their  g^ilt.  In  the  following  year  he  was  the  mediator  between 
the  King  and  the  Earl  of  Gloucester.  In  127 1  he  was  again  on  the  side  of 
moderation,  and  agrees  to  the  restoration  of  their  lands  to  the  attainted 
barons.  He  died  late  in  October,  56  Henry  III  (1271),  and  was  buried  at 
Stanley  in  Wilts.  His  character  is  thus  forcibly  summed  up  in  the  Osney 
Chronicle :  "Eodem  anno,  qxuirto  kalendas  Novembris,  obiit  dominus  Philip- 
pus  Basset,  vir  magni  consilii  et  nobilis,  et  super  omnia  fidelis,  strenuus  in 
armis,  et  multum  diligens  Anglioos  et  terr»  communitatem  et  super  omnia 
religiosorum  promovens  negotia c^jus  animie  propicietur  Deus." 

He  married,  i,  Helewise,  daughter  of  John  Gray  of  Eaton ;  2,  Ela,  daughter 
of  William  Longspee,  Earl  of  Salisbury,  and  widow  of  Thomas  Earl  of  War- 
wick. She  died  26  Edward  I.  By  the  first  he  left  an  only  daughter,  Alina 
Basset,  who  was  twenty-six  at  her  father's  death.  She  married  Hugh  le  De- 
spenser,  who  superseded  or  alternated  with  her  father  as  justidaiy;  and 
finally  was  slain,  on  De  Montfort's  side,  at  Evesham  in  1265.  They  had  a 
son,  Hugh,  known  as  Hugh  le  Despenser  the  elder,  and  beheaded  at  Bristol 
in  1326;  and  a  daughter.  Alina  married  secondly  Boger  Bigod,  fourth  Earl 
of  Norfolk  and  Earl  Mareschal,  who  died  35  Edward  I.  He  was  son  of  Hugh 
the  justiciary ;  and  thus,  as  Fobs  observes,  she  was  the  daughter  of  one 
chief  justiciary,  the  wife  of  a  second,  and  the  daughter  in-law  of  a  third. 
Alina  seems  to  have  died  9  Edward  I,  when  an  inquisition  was  taken  upon 
her  lands;  but  it  was  18  Edward  I  before  Bigod  married  again. 

Who  Alan  Basset  mairied  is  not  known,  perhaps  a  Sandford,  for,  from  the 
Annals  of  Tewke$huTy,  Fuik,  when  installed  Archbishop  of  Dublin  in  1257,  is 
called  "  Fnloo  Basset  vel  de  Sandford."  The  coincidence  is  at  least  singular. 

It  is  at  present  uncertain  whether  these  Bassets  of  Wycombe  were  of  the 
same  branch  with  the  Bassets  of  St.  Hilary  in  Glamorgan  and  of  Walton- 
Cardiff,  otherwise  Walton-Basset  in  Gloucestershire,  whose  descendants,  long 
settled  at  Beaupr%,  Llantrithyd,  Treguff,  Fishwear,  Llanveithen,  and  Bon- 
vileston,  still  remain,  in  the  male  line,  at  the  latter  place. 

G.  T.  C. 


Clxxxii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A  KEDIFORD  CHAETER  RELATING  TO  CLEARWELL, 

CO.   GLOUCESTER. 

The  following  charter,  from  the  St.  Donat's  manimentB,  though  without 
date,  appears  from  its  writing  to  be  of  the  reign  of  Henry  IIL  It  is  written 
npon  a  piece  of  good,  sound  parchment,  six  inches  broad  by  four  deep,  folded 
at  the  bottom  to  carry  the  label  of  the  seal.  The  writing  is  remarkably 
dear,  the  ink  excellent,  and  the  whole  in  perfect  preserration.  The  writing 
leaves  but  a  very  narrow  margin. 

The  appended  seal  is  a  lump  or  "  bolla*'  of  green  wax,  with  an  impression 
of  meagre  and  indistinct  design.  In  the  centre,  within  a  raised,  circle,  is 
what  may  be  a  rose,  but  more  resembles  a  cabbage  or  an  artichoke.  The 
leg^d  round  it  seems  to  be,  s  :  bio  :  kxditobd. 

Not  only  is  there  no  date,  but  there  is  some  doubt  as  to  the  place  to  which 
the  charter  relates,  and  as  to  who  were  the  persons  named  in  it.  The  places 
named  are  Clorwalle,  the  church  of  All  Saints,  and  the  mill  of  Birchover. 
The  place  it  woold  seem,  however,  must  be  Clorwalle,  sometimes  called  Clew- 
erwell,  and  now  Olearwell,  a  hamlet  in  the  parish  of  Newland,  near  the 
western  border  of  Gloucestershire.  It  has  long  been  a  seat  of  the  Wynd- 
hams  of  Olearwell  and  Dunraven,  and  was  settled  by  the  Dowager  Countess 
of  Dunraven,  the  Wyndham  heirees,  upon  her  second  son,  Wyndham  Qoin, 
the  fiither  of  the  present  owner.  The  church  of  Newland  is  dedicated  to  All 
Saints.  The  Ordnance  Map  shows  no  Biiohover  Mill  $  but  there  is  a  Biroham 
Grove. 

The  names  of  persons  are  scarcely  very  distinctive.  They  are,  Walter, 
son  of  John  Long,  John  Long,  and  Bobert  Long, — a  common  name  in  South 
Wales  at  an  early  period,  especially  at  Cardiff;  William,  the  son  of  Boger, 
William  le  Brut,  William  the  Forester,  Walter,  son  of  Hugh,  and  John  the 
Clerk, — ^names  diificnlt  to  trace ;  Michael  Ely,  an  unknown  name  even  along 
the  conrse  of  the  Glamorgan  stream  of  that  name;  Walter  and  William 
Thauwan,  a  name  savouring  of  the  Welsh  border ;  and  Bichard  and  Flora 
Kediford,  a  name  here  shown  to  be  of  a  landowner,  bat  not  found  in  the 
inquisitions  nor  in  any  accessible  records  of  Gloucester  or  Monmouth  shires. 

As  regards  Birchover  Mill,  it  seems  a  fit  occasion  to  observe  how  much  the 
value  of  the  National  Survey  would  be  enhanced  if  the  local  names  of  fields, 
hills,  hillocks,  brooks,  and,  in  fact,  of  all  places  of  which  the  names  are 
locally  known,  were  recorded  in  a  book  which  should  be  printed  with  the 
maps.  Of  course  such  names  are  too  numerous  to  be  recorded  upon  any 
general  map;  but  they  are  very  valuable,  and  frequently  preserve  traces  of 
former  events  or  inhabitants  which  are  otherwise  forgotten.  The  increase 
of  labour  to  the  snrveyoni  would  be  very  trifling,  and  that  of  printing  not 
very  alarming. 

G.  T.  C. 

Carta  Eieardi  Kediford  WaUero  Filio  Johannis  Longi, 

\Sin9  dato.] 

Sciant  presentee  et  futuri  quod  ego  Bicardus  Kediford  dedi  et  conoessi  et 
hac  presenti  carta  mea  confirmavi  Waltero  filio  Johannis  Longi  pro  duabus 
mards  et  quatuor  solidis  argent!  quos  michi  soluit  premanibus  dimidiam 


OEIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  clxxxiii 

aor&m  terre  mee  et  annnm  redditam  qnataor  denarioram  oum  pertdnendis 
qaem  recipiat  annaatiin  de  Flora  Kediford  pro  qaodam  mesua^o  quod  tenoit 
juzta  viam  dacentem  de  Clorwalle  yeTsos  ecdeaiam  Omniam  Sanoioram  et 
de  heredibas  biub  yel  ipsius  assignatis  et  predicta  terra  iacet  inter  yiam  in- 
feriorem  dacentem  de  molendino  de  Birchovere  et  terram  qnam  ego  predic- 
tu8  Hicardns  tennl  in  latitadine  et  eztendit  se  de  terra  qnam  Willielmns 
filina  Sogeri  tennit  nsqne  ad  terram  qnam  Johannes  Longns  tennit  in  longi- 
tndine.  Tenendum  et  habendum  de  me  et  heredibus  meia  vel  meis  assigna- 
tis  sibi  et  heredibus  suis  vel  suis  assignatis  bene  et  in  pace  libere  et  quiete. 
Beddendo  inde  annuatim  ipse  et  heredes  sui  michi  et  heredibus  meis  duos 
denarios  et  obolum  ad  festum  Sancti  Miohaelis  pro  omnibus  serviciis  et  de- 
mandis  secularibus  salvo  regali  servicio  ad  iUam  terram  pertinente.  Et  ego 
vero  predictus  Bicardus  et  heredes  mei  vel  mei  assignati  predicto  Waltero 
et  heredibus  suis  vel  suis  assignatis  prediotam  terram  et  predictum  reddi- 
tum  cum  omnibus  suis  pertinenciis  contra  omnes  homines  et  feminas  inper- 
petuum  warentizabimus  et  defendemus  et  ut  hoc  totum  firmum  sit  et  stabile 
hanc  cartam  sigilli  mei  impressione  confirmavi.  Hits  testibus  Willelmo  le 
Brut  Waltero  Thauwan  Willelmo  Forestario  Michaele  Ely  Boberto 
Longo  Waltero  filio  Hugonis  Willielmo  Thauwan  Johanne  Clerico  et 
mnltis  aliis. 


Carta  NestejUie  Jor*  facta  ad  Grono  ap  Ivor  hir. 
ISept  3  R.  11,  1379.    Came  MSS.] 

Pateat  universis  per  presentes  me  Nest'  filiam  Jor*  ap  Ken'  concessisse 
remisse  relaxasse  et  omnino  pro  me  et  heredibus  meis  imperx>etuum  quie- 
tum  damasse  Grono  ap  Ivor  Hir  heredibus  et  assignatis  suis  totum  ius 
meum  et  clameum  quod  habeo  habui  sen  aliqno  modo  decetero  habere  potero 
in  omnibus  terris  et  tenementis  pratis  pasturis  boscis  vastis  cum  omnibus 
suis  pertinendis  in  parochia  de  Lantrissen  in  feodo  de  Glour*.  Ita  quod  nee 
ego  predictus  Nest  neo  heredes  mei  nee  aliquis  alius  nostro  nomine  aliquod 
ius  vel  clameum  in  omnibus  terris  tenementis  pratis  pasturis  boscis  vastis 
predictis  oum  x>ertinenciis  potero  ezig^e  vel  vendicare  in  futurum  set  inde 
ab  omni  actione  juris  et  clamei  sumus  ezclusi  per  presentes.  In  cuius  rei 
testimonium  huio  present!  quieti  olameo  sigillum  meum  aposoL  Hiis  testi- 
bus levan  ap  Grono  ap  lor*  Bees  Yaghan  ap  Bees  Gethin  Hoel  Yanr 
David  ap  Lewelyn  ap  Bees  Ithener  ap  levan  ap  Madoo  Madoc  ap  Tuder 
levan  ap  Aron  et  mnltis  aliis.  Datum  apud  Lantrissen  x^'mo  die  mensis 
Septembris  anno  regni  Begis  Bicardi  secundi  poet  conquestum  terdo. 

Small  lump-seal  of  green  wax.    Device^  two  birds  billing.    Legend,— 

S.  NBSTB 

Nest,  the  daughter  of  lorwerth,  is  unknown ;  but  Grono  ap  Ivor  hir  was 
of  Miskin  in  Llantrissant,  and  a  very  considerable  person.  He  married 
Katherine,  second  daughter  and  oohdr  of  Jenkin  Fitz  Aron ;  probably  the 
levan  ap  Aron  of  the  witnesses^  lord  of  Brigan  in  Llansannor,  and  of  Llan- 
sannor  itsdf.  They  had  Howell  ap  Grono  of  Llansannor,  who  died  childless 
in  the  reign  of  Biohard  II;  and  Katherine  of  Llansannor,  her  brother's  heir. 


Clxxxiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

who  married  Richard  ap  Howell  ap  Thomas  ap  Gwilim  (Herbert)  of  Ferthir, 
CO.  Mon.^  and  by  him  was  i^cestress  of  the  Qwyns  of  Llansannor.  Howell 
Yawr  was  ancestor,  in  the  female  line,  of  Seys  of  Boverton. 


Carta  Jokannia  ap  John,  etc.,  Yevano  ap  HoweU. 

[23  MoflT,,  5  H.  VIII,  15 14.    Came  M88.] 

Omnibus  Ghristi  fidelibus  ad  quos  presens  scriptnm  pervenerit.  Johannes 
ap  Johan  ap  Morgan  ap  Evan  ap  David  salntem  in  domino  sempitemam. 
Noveritis  me  prefatam  Johannem  remississe  relaxasse  et  omnino  pro  me  et 
heredibus  meis  imperpetaum  qoietam  damasse  Yevano  ap  Howel  ap  Tho- 
mas parochie  et  diocesie  de  Landav  heredibus  et  assignatis  suis  totam  jus 
meum  titulum  dameum  demandum  et  interesse  mea  que  unquam  habui 
habeo  seu  quovismodo  in  fdturum  habere  potero  de  et  in  una  acra  terre 
fenifere  jacente  super  Morva  lei  cox^uncta  acra  Jankyn  Gevane  inter  temun 
domini  episcopi  ex  parte  orientali  et  terram  domini  capitalis  ex  parte  oooi- 
dentali  et  tennam  domini  episcopi  ex  parte  boriali  et  terram  eod'ie  Landa- 
vensis  ex  parte  australi  que  quidem  acra  mihi  obvenit  jure  hereditario  ox 
dimissione  facta  post  decessum  Evan  ap  David  ita  videlicet  quod  nee  ego 
predictus  Johannes  neo  heredes  mei  nee  aliquis  alius  per  nos  pro  nobis  sea 
nomino  nostro  aliquid  juris  tituli  olamei  demandi  seu  interesse  de  aut  in 
predicta  acra  nee  in  aliqua  inde  parcella  de  cetero  exigere  damare  seu  ven- 
dicare  poterimus  nee  debemus  quovismodo  in  futurum  sede  ab  omni  actione 
juris  tituli  damei  demandi  et  interesse  inde  simus  penitus  exdusi  imperpe- 
tuum.  Et  nos  vero  prefatus  Johannes  et  heredes  nostri  predictam  aoram 
prefato  Yevano  heredibus  et  assig^atis  suis  contra  omnes  gentes  warantiza- 
bimus  et  imperpetuum  defendemus  per  presentes.  In  ctgus  rei  testimonium 
huic  presenti  scripto  meo  sigillum  meum  apposui.  Hiis  testibus  David  ap 
Johan  Thomas  ap  Johan  et  Jankyn  Saer.  Datum  xxi|j  die  mensis  Mardi 
anno  regni  Begis  Henrici  octavi  v'to. 

The  seal  is  a  small  button  of  red  wax.  The  device,  a  Y  within  a  drde 
rudely  executed. 


Coj)y  of  Court-Boll  of  the  Court-Baron  of  Robert  Lord  Brooke^  for  his 
Moiety  of  the  Manor  of  Dinas  Powis,  being  an  Inquisition  by  the 
Jury  and  Homagers  before  Philip  Herbert^  Seneschal. 

[13  August,  1674.    From  the  Francis  M88,] 

"  Curia  Baronis  prenobilis  Boberti  Domini  Brooke  ten*ta  pro  manerio  de 
Dynaspouisse  pro  parte  qu88  descendebat  jure  hereditario  13'mo  die  Au 
gusti  26*0  Begis  Carol!  secundi  coram  Philip'  Herbert  Armigero  Senes 
challo  ibidem,  1674. 

"  We,  the  said  Jurie  and  Homage,  by  Thomas  Mathew,  Gent.,  our  foreman, 
upon  oath  doe  say  and  present  as  here  foUoweth : 

"  First  we  present  the  death  of  Mr.  David  Jenkins,  Esq. ;  and  upon  his 
decease,  and  thereupon  due  to  the  lord,  Ss,  6d,  for  relief,  besides  what  was 
presented  the  eighth  day  of  May,  67. 

"  We  present  the  death  of  Wenlian  Arle.    Due  to  the  lord,  2«.  for  a  heriot. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  clxXXV 

"  We  present  Thomas  Phillipp,  tenant  in  right  of  his  wife. 

"  We  present  the  death  of  Catherine  St.  John>  wereupon  due  to  the  lord 
18.  8d.  for  relief;  and  that  Oliver  St.  John,  her  snn,  is  now  tenant. 

"  Item  we  present  that  the  house  of  Henr/  Bowen  at  Tpmkins  Wood  is 
out  of  reparation. 

*'  Item  we  present  the  death  of  Edward  Lewis,  Esq. ;  and  whereupon  due 
to  the  lord  for  relief, 

"  Item  we  present  that  the  said  Edward  Lewis,  Esq.,  died  tenant,  as  afore- 
said, of  certaine  lands  in  East  Brooke,  late  William  Fleming  of  Flimston, 
containing  by  eastimation  eighteen  accars,  which  is  held  under  both  lords ; 
and  for  the  part  held  under  this  lordship,  we  find  that  there  is  4$,  8d.  due  to 
the  lord  for  a  relief,  and  Mr.  Bichard  Lewis,  Esq.,  to  be  the  next  tenant  of 
the  premises. 

"  Item  we  doe  present  that  Edward  Lewis,  Esq.,  died  tenant  in  socage  of 
certaine  lands  in  Nolden,  called  Priddie's  lands,  formerly  William  Fleming 
of  Flimston,  containing  by  eastimation  thirty  accars,  being  held  under  both 
lordships  of  Denispowis.  For  the  part  held  under  this  lordship  we  find 
3«.  4d.  due  to  the  lord  for  a  relief,  and  Bichard  Lewis,  Esq.,  to  be  the  next 
tenant  of  the  premises. 

"  Item  we  doe  present  that  Sir  Bainam  Frogmorton  have  alienated  sum 
certain  lands  held  by  Jenkin  Thomas,  and  that  Sir  Thomas  Mackworth  is 
now  tenant ;  wereupon  due  to  the  lord  48.  ^d. 

"  The  defaulterers  are  amerced  to  capones :  Thomas  Mathew,  Morgan 
Kobin,  Edward  Adam,  John  Thomas,  Thomas  Bichard,  Thomas  Morse,  Philip 
Bobin,  Thomas  Ezor,  Francis  Cadock,  Lewis  Bichard." 

Endorsed,  "The  Jurye  presentment  at  Dynaspowis,  13  August,  1674." 

Bobert  Qrevile,  Lord  Brooke,  was  second  son  of  the  Lord  Brooke  who  was 
killed  at  Lichfield.  He  married  Ann,  daughter  of  John  Dodding^on  of  Bry- 
mer,  Hants,  and  coheir  of  Edward  her  brother.  Lord  Brooke  died  17  Feb. 
1676,  leaving  two  daughters, — Ann,  who  married  Walter  Earl  of  Kingston; 
and  Doddington,  who  married  Chai'les  Duke  of  Manchester.  Lady  Brooke 
then  married  Thomas  Hoby.  The  other  coheir,  Catherine  Doddington,  mar- 
ried Peregrine  Hoby  of  Bisham,  and  had  issue. 

The  Glamorgan  property  came  in  by  the  marriage  of  Sir  William  Dodd- 
ington, Edward's  grandfather,  to  Mary,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Sir  John 
Herbert  of  Neath  Abbey.  Dinas  Powis  was  probably  sold  by  Anne's  children. 
Neath  Abbey,  specially  left  to  the  Hobys,  remains  in  their  descendants  in 
the  female  line. 

Philip  Herbert,  the  seneschal,  was  probably  of  Cogan  Vach,  the  son  of 
Edward  Herbert  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Gabriel  Lewis  of  Llanishen. 

Who  Catherine  St.  John  was  is  uncertain.  Her  husband  was  certainly  of 
the  Highlight  family ;  but  the  mother  of  Oliver  St.  John  of  Highlight,  living 
in  1 76 1,  was  Elizabeth  Bawdiipp. 

Edward  Lewis  was  of  Van,  Boarstal,  and  Brill.  The  two  latter  estates,  in 
Bedfordshire,  went  to  his  sister :  Van,  the  ancestral  seat,  to  his  uncle,  Bichard 
Lewis  of  Edington,  Wilts,  whose  granddaughter,  Elizabeth  Lewis,  carried 
it  to  her  husband.  Other,  third  Earl  of  Plymouth. 

William  Fleming  of  Flemingston  or  Flimston  seems  to  have  been  the  last 
of  that  ancient  family. 

Sir  Baynham  Frogmorton  or  Throgmorton  was  of  Gloucestershire.     The 

y 


clxxxvi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

earliest  connexion  of  the  family  with  Glamorgan  was  by  a  match  with  an 
heiress  of  David  of  Badyr.  The  Mackworths  came  in  by  a  marriage  with  an 
heiress  of  Evans  of  Gnoll. 

This  document  has  considerable  local  valae,  as  it  fixes  certain  points  in 
the  descent  of  the  manor  of  Dinas  Powis. 

Carta  WilVmi  Ahhatis  SHi  Augustini  Thome  Bakar  et  Thome  Jonys, 

[7  Feb'ii,  22  H.  VIII,  1531.    Came  MSS,'] 

Omnibus  Christ!  fidelibus  ad  quos  presens  scriptum  indentatum  pervene- 
rit  Willielmus  permissione  divina  Abbas  monasterii  Sancti  Augustini  juxta 
BristoU  et  eiusdem  loci  Conventus  salutem  in  Domino  sempiternam. 

Sciatis  nos  prefatum  Abbatem  et  Oonventum  unanimi  assensu  et  consensu 
nostra  tradidisse  concessisse  et  ad  firmam  dimisisse  Thome  Bakar  clerioo  et 
Thome  Jonys  draper  et  burgensi  Bristollie  predicte  capellam  nostram  cum 
situ  manerii  Sancti  Petri  in  mora  cum  quinquaginta  duas  acraa  terre  domi- 
nicalis  vocata  le  Mayns  eidem  manerio  spect«ntes  sive  pertinentes  cam  duo- 
bus  orriis  ad  eandem  capellam  pertinentibus  et  duabus  aliis  orriis  unde  unnm 
situm  in  Marshefeld  et  alteram  in  seynt  Melense  ao  firmam  personatus  de 
Bempney  in  dominio  de  Wenthelough  una  cum  omnibus  oblaoionibus  pre- 
ventibus  proficuis  et  decimis  tam  garbarura  feni  pratorum  et  pasture  quam 
aliorum  omnium  ab  antiquo  ad  dictam  capellam  manerii  orria  et  personatum 
spectantes.  Habend*  et  tenend'  omnia  predicta  capellam  situs  manerii  cum 
quinquaginta  duas  acras  terre  dominicalis  vocatus  le  Mayns  capellam  firmam 
personatus  oblationes  provenciones  proficua  et  decimas  cum  pertinenciis 
prefatis  Thome  Bakar  et  Thome  Jonys  ac  assignatis  suis  a  festo  pasche 
proximo  future  post  datum  presencium  usque  ad  finem  termini  quinquaginta 
et  unius  annorum  eztunc  proximo  sequentium  et  plenarie  complendorum 
Beddendo  inde  annuatim  nobis  pre&tis  Abbati  et  Conventui  ac  suocessori- 
bus  nostris  pro  predictis  capella  manerio  orriis  et  parsonatu  spectante 
viginti  quinque  libris  tres  decem  solidis  et  quatuor  denariis  legalis  monete 
Anglie  ad  festa  S'ti  Jacobi  ap'li  et  S'ti  Andree  ap'li.  Et  pro  predictis  Ig 
acris  terre  tres  libros  et  quinque  soHdos  equis  porcionibus  solvendis  apud 
monasterium  nostrum  predictum.  Ac  eciam  annuatim  duas  recentes  salmo- 
nes  conventui  tantum  videlicet  unum  in  Adventu  ante  festum  natalis 
Domini  et  alterum  in  quadragesima  citra  dominica  palmarum  vel  sex  solidos 
et  octo  denarios  sterlingorum.  Noveritis  nos  eciam  prefatos  Abbatem  et 
Conventum  pro  bono  et  fideli  servicio  quod  dicti  Thomas  et  Thomas  ante 
hec  tempora  nobis  impenso  et  imposterum  impendendo  dedimus  concessimus 
et  hoc  per  presens  scriptum  indentatum  confirmavimus  prefatis  Thome  et 
Thome  officium  ballivi  et  receptoris  predicti  manerii  cum  ceteris  premissis 
in  le  Mora  predicta  cum  omnibus  proficuis  et  aliis  emolumentis  dicto  officio 
spectantibus  sive  pertinentibus  racione  cm'us  officii  bene  et  fideliter  faciendi 
sex  solidos  et  octo  denarios  sterlingorum.  Ac  nnam  togam  sicut  ceteri  ser- 
vientes  habent  de  la  liverey.  Habend'  et  tenend'  et  annuatim  x>ercipi6ndum 
dictum  annualem  redditum  yjs.  viijd.  sterlingorum  ac  unam  togam  prefatis 
Thome  et  Thome  ac  assignatis  suis  durante  termino  predicto.  £t  si  contin* 
gat  dictum  redditum  aut  aliqua  inde  parceUa  aretro  fore  insolutum  post 
aliquod  festum  festorum  predictorum  in  quo  solvi  debeat  per  unum  quarte- 
rium  anni  quod  tunc  bene  licebit  nobis  prefatis  Abbati  et  Conventui  ac  sue- 
cessoribus  nostris  in  predictis  capella  et  cetera  premissa  omnia  reintrare 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  clxxxvii 

rehabere  reasnmere  et  gaadere  proat  in  statu  nostro  pristino  dictosqae 
Thomam  et  Thomam  ao  assignatos  buos  inde  totaliter  capellere  et  amovere 
hac  present!  scripto  nostro  indentato  in  aliquo  non  obstante.  Et  nos  pre- 
dict! Abbas  et  Gonventus  ac  successores  nostri  predicta  maneria  et  cetera 
premissa  cum  omnibas  suis  pertinenciis  prefatis  Thome  et  Thome  ac  assig- 
natis  suis  modo  et  forma  supradicta  contra  omnes  gentes  warantizabimus 
acquietabimus  et  defendemus  per  presentes  dicto  termino  durante.  In  cm'us 
rei  testimonium  uni  parti  higus  indenture  penes  predictos  Thomam  et  Tho- 
mam remanente  nos  prefati  Abbas  et  Oonventus  sigillum  nostrum  commune 
apposuimus  altere  yero  parti  istius  indenture  penes  prefatos  Abbatem  et 
Conventum  remanente  predic'  Thomas  Bakar  clericus  et  Thomas  Jonys 
sigilla  sua  apposuerunt  Datum  septimo  die  mensis  Ffebruarii  anno  regni 
Begis  Henrici  ootavi  vicesimo  secundo. 

A  large  elliptical  seal  on  dull  red  wax.  Upon  it  the  repreentation  «f  f  a 
church  with  central  tower;  and  in  two  doorways,  two  saints.  Above,  in 
the  sky,  are  two  large  stars  of  six  rays.  In  base  the  church  rests  upon  a 
substructure  containing  two  niches.  In  the  dexter  a  mitred  priest  with  a 
staff  over  the  lefb  shoulder ;  the  sinister  is  obscure.    Legend,  +  sigilluu 

COUUNB   MONASTBBII  SANCTI   AUQUSTIKI   B&I8T0LL\ 

This  is  a  valuable  charter  for  the  histories  of  Monmouthshire  and  of  the 
Abbey  of  St.  Augustin's  at  Bristol.  Feterston,  or  St.  Peter's  on  the  Moor, 
is  known  by  its  fine  church  on  the  low  land  ac^oining  the  Severn.  Marsh- 
field  and  Ehymney  are  villages  near,  the  latter  on  the  higher  ground;  and 
Wentloog  is  the  name  borne  by  the  whole  of  the  rich  level  plain  which  lies 
between  Newport  and  Cardiff,  and  is  skirted  by  the  old  Boman  road,  and 
traversed  by  the  South  Wales  Bailway. 


Grant  hy  Hoel  Came  of  Cowhridgt  of  Lands,  etc,  to  A  lexander  Philippe, 

Hector  of  Llanmaes,  and  Samuel  Turhervyle  of  Llantmit,  Gentleman, 

[3  Augt,  8  H.  VIIL     15 16.    Came  MSS,] 

Omnibus  ad  quos  presens  scriptum  indentatum  pervenerib  Hoelus  Came 
de  Coubrugge  generosus  salutem.  Noveritis  me  prefatum  Hoelum  dedisse 
concessisse  et  per  hoc  presens  scriptum  meum  indentatum  confirm asse  Alex- 
andreo  Philippe  Clerico  Bectori  Ecclesie  parochialis  de  Llanmaysse  et  Jacobo 
Turbervyle  de  Llanyltwydd  generoso  omnia  burgagia  dimidia  burgagia  et 
omnia  alia  teiTas  tenementa  et  alia  hereditamenta  mea  cum  suis  pertinen- 
tils  que  habeo  in  villa  de  Coubrugge  et  infra  libertatibus  dicte  ville  de  Cou- 
brugge. Dedi  etiam  et  concessi  prefatis  Alexandreo  et  Jacobo  omnia  messu- 
agia  terras  tenementa  et  alia  hereditamenta  mea  cum  omnibns  et  singulis 
suis  pertinentiis  que  habeo  et  teneo  in  Dominio  de  Llanblethean.  Ac  unum 
tenementum  terre  cum  suis  pertinenciis  que  habeo  in  feodo  de  Mechelstowe 
prope  Cowbrugge  et  in  feodo  de  Llanyltwydd  ao  modo  in  tenura  Johannis 
Henman  de  Sygenstonn.  Habendum  et  tenendum  omnia  predicta  burgagia 
dimidia  burgagia  ac  ceteras  premissas  cum  pertinentiis  prefatis  Alexandreo 
et  Jacobo  Turbervyle  heredibus  et  assignatis  eorum  inperpetuum  ad  tisum 
et  opus  mei  predict!  HoeH  et  CeciUe  Kemeys  uxoris  me!  ad  terminum  vite 
nostre  vel  unius  nostrorum  diucins  viventium  de  capitalibus  dominis  feo- 
dorum  iUorum  per  reddibus  et  servicia  inde  prius  debiba  et  de  jure  oonsueta 
Et  post  decessu  predictorum  Hoeli  et  Cecilie  uxoris  mei  volo  et  concedo  per 


Clxxxviii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

presentee  quod  omnia  prediota  bnrgagia  et  dimidia  burgagia  et  oeterae  pre- 
missas  cum  pertinentiis  integpre  remaneant  Bichardo  Carne  filio  meo  senioii 
et  heredibus  masculinis  de  corpore  suo  legitime  prooreatis  imperpetaum.  Et 
pro  defecta  talis  ezitus  quod  omnia  predicta  burgagia  et  dimidia  borgagia 
et  ceteras  premissas  cam  pertinentibas  integro  remaneant  Edwardo  Came 
derico  et  heredibas  masculinis  de  corpore  sao  legitime  prooreatis  imperpe- 
taum. Et  pro  defectu  talis  exitus  Willielmo  Carne  et  heredibus  masculinia 
de  corpore  suo  legitime  prooreatis  imperpetaum  Et  pro  defecta  talis  ezitus 
Bogero  Carne  filio  meo  juniori  et  heredibus  masculinis  de  corpore  suo  legi- 
time prooreatis  imperpetuum.  Et  pro  defectu  talis  ezitus  rectis  heredibas 
mei  predicti  Hoeli  imperpetuum.  De  capitalibus  dominus  feodoram  iUorum 
per  redditus  et  servicia  inde  prius  debita  et  de  jure  consueta.  Dedi  eciam 
et  concessi  prefatis  Alezandreo  et  Jacobo  omnia  maneria  terras  et  tenementa 
mca  cum  pertinentiis  que  habeo  et  teneo  apud  parva  Nasshe  nuper  in  domi- 
nie lie  Llandaffe  ac  omnia  alia  maneria  messuagia  terras  tenementa  et  alia 
hereditamenta  mea  cum  omnibus  et  singulis  suis  pertinentiis  que  habeo  et 
teneo  infra  dominium  Gladmorgancie  et  Morgancie  ac  in  feodo  de  Llanylt- 
wit.  Habendum  et  tenendum  predicta  maneria  terras  et  tenementa  cum 
omnibus  suis  pertinentiis  prefatis  Alezandreo  et  Jacobo  heredibus  et  assig- 
natis  eorum  imperpetuum.  De  capitalibus  dominis  feodorum  illorum  per 
redditus  et  servicia  inde  prius  debita  et  de  jure  consueta  ea  intentione  quod 
dicti  feoffati  stent  inde  seisiti  et  feoffati  ad  usum  mei  predicti  Hoeli  ad  ter- 
minum  vite  mee.  Et  post  decessum  mei  predicti  Hoeli  ad  usum  Richard! 
Came  fi]ii  mei  senioris  et  heredibus  masculinis  de  corpore  suo  legitime  pro- 
oreatis imperpetuum.  Et  pro  defectu  talis  ezitus  ad  usum  Edward!  Came 
clerici  et  heredibus  masculinis  de  corpore  suo  legitime  prooreatis.  Et  pro 
defectu  talis  exitus  ad  usum  Willielmi  Came  et  heredibus  masculinis  de  cor- 
pore suo  legitime  prooreatis  imperpetuum.  Et  pro  defectu  talis  ezitus  ad 
usum  Kogeri  Cami  filii  mei  junioris  et  heredibus  masculinis  de  corpore  suo 
legitime  prooreatis  imperpetuum.  Et  pro  defectu  talis  ezitus  quod  omnia 
predicta  maneria  et  ceteras  premissas  cum  pertinentiis  integro  remaneant 
et  revertantur  rectis  heredibus  mei  predicti  Hoeli  imperpetuum.  De  capit-a- 
libus  dominis  feodorum  illorum  per  redditus  et  servicia  inde  prius  debita  et 
de  jure  consueta  Et  ego  vero  predictus  Hoelus  et  heredes  mei  predicta  bur- 
gagia dimidia  burgagia  maneria  terre  et  ceteras  premissas  cum  pertinentiis 
prefatis  Alezandreo  et  Jacobo  heredibus  et  assignatis  eorum  ad  usum  pre- 
dictorum  contra  omnes  gentes  warantizabimus  et  imperpetaum  defendemus 
per  presentcs.  Sciatis  insuper  me  prefatum  Hoelum  fecisse  otdinasse  depu- 
tasse  vice  et  nomine  meo  posuisse  dilectos  mihi  in  Christo  Hoelum  ap  John 
de  Llanblethean  et  Janekyn  ap  Ejnon  de  Llandoghe  yomen  meos  veros  et 
legitimes  attornatos  conjunctim  et  divisim  ad  intrandum  vice  et  nomine 
meo  de  et  in  omnibus  predictis  burgagiis  maneviis  terris  et  ceteris  premissis 
cum  pertinenciis.  Et  plenam  et  pacificam  possessionem  et  seisinam  inde 
vice  et  nomine  meo  capiendnm.  Ac  postmodum  ad  deliberandum  plenam  et 
pacificam  possessionem  et  seisinam  inde  vice  et  nomine  meo  pre&tis  Alez- 
andreo et  Jacobo  heredibus  et  assignatis  imperpetuum  secundum  vim  for- 
mam  et  effect um  higus  presentis  carte  mei.  Batum  gratum  atque  firmam 
habentem  et  habiturum  totum  ac  quicquid  diet'  attornat'  me'  conjunc- 
tim et  divisim  fecerint  ant  unius  eorum  fecerit  in  premissis  aut  in  aliquo- 
rum  premissorum  sicut  egomet  in  mea  propria  persona  ibidem  presens 
personaliter  interossem.    Hiis  testibus  Christofero  Turbervyle    Thoma  ap 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  clxxxix 

John  de  Bri^am  g^eneroso  Bichardo  Graunte  Bichardo  Henman  de  Llan- 
yltwydd  et  Willielmas  Hogg^e  de  Llanblethean  yomen  et  moIiiB  aliis.  Data 
tertio  die  Aagustii  anno  regni  Begis  Henrici  Octavi  post  OonqueBtum 
Anglie  vicesimo  octavo. 

Appended  is  a  lump-seal  in  red  wax,  bearing  a  rude  but  clear  circular 
impression,  from  a  signet-ring,  of  a  pelican  in  her  piety ;  the  crest  of  Came, 
half  an  inch  in  diameter. 

Endorsed  in  an  early  hand,  but  later  than  that  of  the  deed,  "  This  Dede 
was  delivery d  by  Mr.  William  Carne  upon  payment  of  ziZ.  to  be  to  him  re- 
deliveryd^'j  and  in  a  later  hand,  '  An  auncient  entayle'*;  and  later,  '  Howell 
Carne  of  Cowbridge";  and  again,  "  This  deed  belongeth  to  Mr.  Carne  of 

Nashe'*;  also,  in  another  place,  "Mr.  Willm.  Carne";  also  "For  Mr " 

The  two  latter  words  scratched. 

This  is  a  deed  indented,  by  which  Hoell  Came  of  Cowbridge,  gentleoian, 
grants  to  Alexander  Philippe,  clerk,  rector  of  Llanmaes,  and  James  Turber- 
ville  of  Llantwit,  gentleman,  all  the  burgages,  etc.,  in  Cowbridge  town  and 
its  liberties,  and  all  his  messuages,  etc.,  in  the  lordship  of  Llanblethian,  and 
a  tenement  in  the  fee  of  Michaelston  and  in  that  of  Llantwit,  now  in  the 
tenure  of  John  Henman  of  Sygvnston,  to  be  held  to  the  use  of  Hoel  Came 
and  Cecilia  Kemys  his  wife,  for  their  joint  and  several  lives,  of  the  chief 
lords  of  the  fees ;  with  remainder  to  Hoell's  eldest  son,  Bichard,  and  his 
lawfully  begotten  male  heirs ;  and  so  on  to  Edward  the  second  son,  William 
the  third  son,  and  Boger  the  youngest  son ;  remainder  to  the  right  heirs  of 
the  granter. 

Hoell  further  grants  to  the  same  trustees  all  his  manors  in  Little  Nash, 
late  in  the  lordship  of  Llandaff,  and  all  his  other  manors  in  the  same  county 
of  Glamorgan,  to  stand  enfeoffed  to  the  use  of  Hoell  Carne  for  life,  with 
remainder  to  his  sons  in  succession  in  tail  male,  as  usual.  Hoell  further 
appoints  Hoell  ap  John  of  Llanblethian,  and  Janekyn  ap  Eynon  of  Llan- 
dough,  yeomen,  attorneys,  jointly  and  severally  to  enter  and  take  possession. 
The  witnesses  were  Christopher  Turberville,  Thomas  ap  John  of  Brigan, 
gentlemen ;  Bichard  Graunte,  Bichard  Henman,  of  Llantwit,  and  William 
Hogge  of  Llanblethian. 

The  place  of  Hoell  Carne,  second  of  the  name,  in  the  family  pedigree,  has 
already  been  shewn,  and  a  charter  given,  dated  1528,  in  which  he  is  men- 
tioned as  Hoell  or  Howell  Carne  Hdn,  or  the  aged.  We  here  leam  that 
Hoell  and  Cecil  (Eemeys)  Carne  had  four  sons :  i,  Bichard ;  2,  Edward, 
clerk ;  3,  William ;  and  4,  Boger.  Bichard  was  of  Nash,  and  his  descendants 
have  been  given.  Edward,  here  called  "  clerk",  purchased  Ewenny ;  was 
sheriff,  as  Sir  Edward,  1542  and  1544,  M.P.  for  the  county  in  1554,  and  died 
at  Bome  in  1561.  He  married,  and  was  ancestor  of  the  Cames  of  Ewenny 
Abbey.  William  and  Boger  do  not  appear  to  have  married.  James  Turber- 
ville, the  trustee,  was  probably  the  second  husband  of  Agnes,  a  daughter  of 
Hoel  Came.  Thomas  ap  John  of  Brigan,  in  Llansannor,  was  the  head  of  a 
family  that  long  possessed  that  place,  but  ended  in  his  natural  son.  Chris- 
topher Turberville  of  Llantwit  was  son  of  Jenkin  ap  Jenkin  Turberville  of 
Tytheston.  He  became  of  Penlline  Castle,  and  was  ancestor  of  that  branch 
and  of  the  Turbervilles  of  Bonvileston. 


CXC  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A  Quit-Claim  of  Lands  in  Llantrissant,  hy  Nest,  dauyhier  of 
Jorwerih  ap  Ken*  to  Ghrono  ap  Ivor  Hir, 

[i  Sept.  3  JB.  II,  1379.    Came  MSS,"] 

Fateat  nniversis  per  presentes  me  Nest  filiam  Jor'  ap  Ken'  concessisse 
remisisse  relazasse  et  omnino  pro  rce  et  heredibas  meis  imperpetuum  quie- 
tum  damasse  Grono  ap  Ivor  hir  heredibas  et  aesignatis  snis  totum  jus  menm 
et  clatDeum  qnod  habeo  habui  sea  aJiqao  modo  decetero  habere  potero  in 
omnibas  terris  et  tenementis  pratis  pastaris  boscis  vastis  cam  omnibas  suis 
pertinenciis  in  parochia  de  Llantrissen  in  feodo  de  Glinr'.  Ita  qaod  nee  ego 
predictas  {sie)  Nest  neo  heredes  mei  nee  aliqaos  alios  nostro  nomine  aliquod 
jos  yel  clameum  in  omnibus  terris  tenementis  pratis  pastaris  bosds  vastia 
predictis  cam  pertinenciis  potero  (s/e)  ezigere  vel  vindicare  in  futuram  sit 
inde  ab  omni  actione  juris  et  clamei  sumus  ezdusi  per  presentes.  In  cigus 
rei  testimonium  huic  presenti  quieti  clameo  sigillum  meum  aposoi  Hiia 
testibus  Jevano  ap  Grono  ap  Jor'.  Bees  Yaghan  ap  Bees  Gethin.  Howel 
Yaur*.  David  ap  LF  ap  Bees.  Ithener  ap  Jevan  ap  Madoc.  Madoc  ap  Tuder 
Jevan  ap  Aron  et  multis  aliis.  Datum  apud  Llantrissen  regni  Begis  Bicardi 
secundi  post  conquestum  tercio. 

The  seal  is  a  small  button  of  dark  green  wax,  three-quarters  of  an  inch  in 
diameter,  bearing  a  hawk  preying  upon  a  fowl.  Of  the  surrounding  legend 
there  is  only  legible nest vast 

Nest,  the  grant«r  of  the  above,  is  a  person  not  otherwise  known.  Bese  ap 
Kenewreg  Yorvard  velin  and  Kenewreg  ab  Yonrard  occur  aa  witnesses  to  a 
charter  by  Elyas  Bishop  of  Llandaff  in  1234  (Brit.  Mus.  Chart.,  75,  B.  9),  and 
from  the  combination  of  these  somewhat  uncommon  names  may  be  of  the 
same  family,  though  a  century  and  a  half  earlier.  Grono  was  second  son  of 
Ivor  hir,  or  "  the  long,"  of  Miskin,  ap  Ivor  hSn,  or  "  the  aged,"  ap  Caradoo, 
third  son  of  Einon  of  Gollwyn.  Grono  married  Katherine,  daughter  and  co- 
heiress of  Jenkin  ap  Sir  Thomas  ap  Aron,  of  Llan dough  Castle  and  Brigan. 
Her  sister  had  Brigan,  and  was  ancestress  of  the  Thomases  of  that  place. 
The  Arons  obtained  Brigan  by  marriage  with  the  heiress  of  Walsh  of  Llan- 
dough,  who  obtained  it  with  Elizabeth  the  reputed,  and  probably  the  natu- 
ral daughter  of  Sir  Stephen  Bawceyn.  From  Grono  and  Katherine  de- 
scended John  of  Altgwaurddu  and  Griffith  of  Penmark.  Ithener  is  an  almost 
unknown  name.  The  fee  of  Glynr'  is  Glynrhondda,  the  "  Patria"  or  great 
lordship  which  extends  from  the  Bhondda  to  below  Llantrissant. 


A  Quit-Claim  of  an  Acre  of  Land  in  Llandaff  hy  John  ap  John  ap 
Morgan  ap  Evan  ap  David  to  Yevan  ap  Howell  ap  T/iomas. 

[23  March,  5  H,  VIII,  1514.     Came  M88.] 

Omnibus  Christi  fidelibus  ad  quos  presens  scriptum  pervenerit  Johannes 
ap  Johan'  ap  Morgan  ap  Evan  ap  David  salutem  in  Domino  sempiternam 
Noveritis  me  prefatum  Johannem  remisisse  relazasse  et  omnino  pro  me  et 
heredibus  meis  imperpetuum  quietum  clamasse  Yevano  ap  Howel  ap  Tho- 
mas parochie  et  dominii  de  Landave  heredibus  et  assignatis  suis  totum  jus 
meum  titulum  clameum  demandum  et  interesse  mea  que  unquam  habui 


ORIGINAX  DOCUMENTS.  CXCl 

babeo  sen  qaovismodo  in  ftituram  habere  potero  de  et  in  nna  acra  terre  feni- 
fere  jacente  super  Morva  lei  cozgnncta  acra  Jankyn  Gebnne  inter  terrain 
domini  Episcopi  ez  parte  orientali  et  terram  domini  capitalis  ex  parte  occi- 
dentali  et  terram  domini  Episcopi  ez  parte  boriali  et  terram  ecclesie  Landa- 
vensis  ez  parte  australi  qne  qnidem  acra  mibi  obvenit  jare  hereditario  ac 
divisione  facta  poet  dissessum  Evan  ap  David  ita  videlicet  qnod  nee  ego  pre- 
dictus  Johannes  nee  heredes  mei  nee  aliqais  alias  per  nos  pro  nobis  sen 
nomine  nostro  aliquid  jus  titulum  clameam  demandnm  sea  interesse  de  ant 
in  predicta  acra  nee  in  aliqaa  inde  parcella  de  cetero  ezigere  clamare  seu 
vindicare  poterimus  nee  debemus  quovismodo  in  futuram  sed  ab  omni  acti- 
one  jaris  titali  clamei  demandi  et  interesse  inde  simns  penitos  ezdasi  im- 
perpetuum.  Et  nos  vero  prefatns  Johannes  et  heredes  nostri  predictam 
acram  prefato  Yevano  heredibus  et  assig^atis  suis  contra  omnes  gentes 
warantizabimas  et  imperpetnum  defendemus  per  presentee.  In  cigus  rei 
testimonium  huic  presenti  scripto  meo  sigillum  meum  apposui.  Hiis  testi- 
bus  David  ap  John  Thomas  ap  Thorn  et  Jankjn  Saer.  Datum  zzi^j'o  die 
mensis  Marcii  anno  regni  Beg^s  Henrici  Octavi  Y'to. 

A  lump-seal  of  red  -wax,  half  an  inch  diameter,  bearing  a  rude  letter  V 
within  a  circle. 

The  only  name  which  has  been  identified  in  this  document  is  that  of  Jan- 
kin  Q^bune,  otherwise  Jenkin  Gibbon,  of  Cefn-Tre-Payne,  or  Pentrebane,  in 
Llandaff,  great-gp:andson  of  Sir  Gilbert  Payne,  and  grandfather  of  John 
Gwyn  Gibbon  of  St.  Pagan's,  ancestor  to  the  Lewises  of  Llanishen. 

These  Welsh  document's,  though  the  persons  named  in  them  have  not  as 
yet  been  identified,  are  yet  of  considerable  local  value.  It  is  only  by  this 
means  that  there  is  any  chance  of  proving  the  truth  of  the  Welsh  pedigrees, 
most  of  which  are  without  dates  or  places ;  and,  what  is  worse,  almost  inca- 
pable of  being  indezed. 

G.  T.  C. 


RUABON   (RHIWFABON). 

(Continued  from  p.  cxz). 


TENENTES   PER   DIMISSIONES. 

MARWHEALL    (mARCHWIAIl), 

A.    B.    P. 

Eedd*  in  toto  iijli.  xiijs.  ixd.  q'  ez'li. — Owinus  Breerton^  Armig't 
et  Edwardus  ap  John  tenet  vnum  tenementa  in  occupatione 
Will'mi  Betly  vocat'  Kay  tay  y  ty  gard*  et  pomar'  et  croft'  adia- 
cen'  p'  estimat'   .  .  .  .  .  .230 

Vnu'  clausu*  adiacen*  vocaV  Barley  Croffce  per  estimac'o'em         .      200 

Ynum  clauss*  pastur'  cuius  in  vn'  parte  crescunt  mult'  quere  vocat' 
Yall  field  per  estimat'       .  .  .  .  .500 

Vn'al'claus&'adiacen'vocat'Kreeple  field  contin' per  estimac^o'em      420 

1  Owain  Brereton  of  Borasham,  Esq.,  ob.  a.d.  1648.  Argent,  two  bars  sahle, 
(V.  pedigree. 


CXCll 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMEKTS. 


Vn*  prat'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  per  estimac'oe'  in  qao  diaers'  snnt 
quere  p'  estimac*  .  .  .  •  • 

Vn'  clanss'  orabil'  yocaV  Longfield  vnde  octo  oor*  qne  Bela'  ezistit 
p'  estimao'o'em  in  toto      ..... 

Vn'  dausB*  ex  auatral'  parte  vie  vocat'  le  hole  grasse  per  estima- 
c'o'em   ....... 

Vn'  daosa'  pastor'  qnercis  refert  vooat'  Coed  Martyn  p'  estimac'o'em 

Vn'  al'  claiiss'  pastur*  adiaoen'  mnltoru'  quercun'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Vn'  parvn'  prat'  adiacen'  per  estimao'o'em 

3di\|(t.  v^8.  yiijd, 
Bedd'  zvjd.  ex'li.— Tenet  et  vnu'  class'  terr'  de  Escaet'  yocat' 

Kay  Mad'  Goth  vn'  terciam  partem  qnatuor  acrar'  cu'  Edward 

Broughton  mil' nuper  Griffith  ap  Jenkin  Morton  perestimac'o'em 
Idem  tenet  yn'  al'  tenementu'  in  occnpac'one  Bicei  ap  William 

iacen'  in  Marchwheall  pomara'  et  gard'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Vn'  clanss'  vocat'  Kayr  Coed  nunc  dimiss'  in  tres  clanss'  p'  esti 

mac'o'em 
Vn'  al'  parcell'  vocat'  Kay  Nant  p'  est' 
Vn'  al'  clause'  vocat*  y  Keveyes  p'  estimac' 
Vn'  al'  dauss'  vocat'  Erw  Cocksboole  p'  est' 
Vn'  al'  clauss'  vocat'  Gratefield  p'  est' 


A.   R.   P. 


2      2     O 


3     «     o 


6 

3 

2 
O 


o 

2 

O 

I 


o 
o 
o 
o 


32    o    o 


I  13 


0  12      O 
2     O     O 

6    o    o 

1  2      O 
410 


Bedd'  z\J8.  \jd.  ob.  ex'li.  Lease  not  showed,  vide  post. — Bicardus 
Leighton^  Armig'r  jure  ux'  nup'  Griffith  ap  Dauid  Lloyd  tenet 
vnu'  tenementu'  gard'  pomar'  et  clauss'  adiacen'  in  occupac'one 
Dauid  Povy  vocat'  Kay  pop'ty  per  estimac'o'em 

Vn'  prat'  subtus  doni  clauss'  p'  estimac' 

Vn'  bosc'  vocat'  Koed  Vichan  p'  estimac' 

Vn'  clauss'  arabil'  Kay  yr  hedden  p'  estimac'o'em 


EzMi        27    2  13 


2 

a 


2 

o 

2      I 

3    o 


o 
o 
o 
o 


lxvj».  viyd.        820 
There  are  14  acres  past'  in  the  lease ;  but  the  rest  is  assigned,  and  the 
rent  apportioned  to  Hugh  Lloyd. 

Bedd*  xix«.  iiijd.  q' — Johannes  ap  John  William  tenet  quinq'  clauss'  terr'  ia 
Marwheall  p'  est'  .     14    2    o 

Bedd'  vijs.  viyd.  ob.  ex'li. — Hugo  Lloyd  nuper  Griffith  ap  Dauid 
Lloyd  tenet  vt  de  terr*  d'c'i  Griffith  vnum  tenementu'  gard'  et 
curtelag'  croft  et  terr*  boscos'  continen'  p'  estimaco'em  200 


1  Eichard  Leighton  of  Gwem  y  Gof  in  the  parish  of  Kerry,  in  Maelienydd, 
was  the  second  son  of  Sir  Edward  Leighton  of  Wattlesborough,  Knt.,  by 
Anne,  daughter  of  Paul  Darrell  of  Lillii\gstone  Darrell  in  the  county  of 
Buckingham,  Esq.  He  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  William  Mostyn, 
and  relict  of  Henry  Parry  of  Marchwiail,  and  in  her  right  became  possessed 
of  lands  in  this  manor.  In  the  church  of  Marchwiail  there  is,  or  was,  a 
monument  erected  to  the  memory  of  this  Bichard  Leighton  and  Catherine 
his  wife.  He  was  a  counsellor  at  law,  and  High  Sheriff  for  the  county  of 
Montgomery  in  a.d.  1599,  and  a  magistrate  for  that  county  in  a.d.  1620. 
Quarterly,  and  per  fess  indented,  or  and  gules.  (Mont.  Coll.,  Part  XI,  p.  461.) 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


CXCUl 


Dao  oroft*  adiaoen'  rocat'  y  Talorue  p'  est' 

Vn'  oUnBS*  terr*  arabil'  yooat'  Trowsdyre  p'  est' 

Vn*  olauBs'  eive  croft'  terr*  vocat'  Kay  Lloyne  p'  eat' 

Vn*  prat*  in  fyne  clausi  pred'  vocat'  Trowsydyre  p'  estimao'o'em 

Duo  parra  croft  vocat'  Akre  p'  eatimac' 

Vn'  p'ciam  teir'  vocat'  le  lannt  p'  esUmao' 

cxs. 
The  remainder  of  this  ia  challenged  by  John  ap  John  Gwyn  etc. 

Bedd'zjgd.  ob.  ez'li.  No  lease  showed,  for  that  it  was  never  taken 
by  lease. — lennet  v'  Bobert  ap  Dauid  et  Kenricns  ap  Thomas 
in  simol  tenent  vnn'  ten'tu'  com  gard'  incrochiat'  et  tres  p'cell' 
sine  clans'  terr*  p'  estimac'o'em  zl«. 

Bedd'.  Noe  rent  in  the  rental! — Biohardas  ap  Bobert  ap  Bandle 
infans  tenet  vnnm  tenementu'  et  duo  chiuss'  iuzta  ib'em  viam 
vouat'  Bryn  y  vallen  p'  estimac'o'em  zxiijs.  ii^d. 

Bedd'  lyjs.  zjd.  ob.  ex'li  Lease  not  showed. — Bioardus  Leighton^ 
Armig*  tenet  duran'  vita  vz'  M'ris  Edward!  Broughton  Militis 
et  poetea  Edward'  pred'  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  cam  gard'  et  cl'o 
vocat'  Kay  Kill  nuper  Henrici  ap  Harry  per  estimac'o'em 

Vn'  al'dauss'adiacen' vocat'  K&j  Kill  cum  Mora  per  estimac'o'em 

Duo  dansa  pasture  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  et  Kay  Vichan  p'  estimac'o'em 

Vnu'  pratu'  vocat'  Werglodd  ddwy  p'  est' 

Vn'  daus'  terr'  arabil'  vocat'  Mayes  Moylle 

Vn'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  Bheden  p'  estimac' 

Yn'  al'  dauBs'  vocat'  Kay  ffynnon  p'  est' 

Vn'  prat'  vocat'  Bolly  p'  estimac' 

Vn'  dans'  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  Sue  p'  est' 
The  lease  expresseth  but  35  acres,  1 7  are  sur  plus. 

Vn'  al'  daus'  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  Bheden  p'  est' 

Vn'  claus'  arabil'  vocat'  Kay  Lloyd  p'  est' 

Vn'  claus'  nuper  vno  vocat'  Kay  Koed  Och  p'  est'  cum  acr'  bosc' 

xv^lt.  zi^s.  iigd. 

Bedd'  i^ff.  zd.  ez'li.  Clamat  tibi. — Vidua  Bicardi  Griffith  nuper 
Johannis  ap  Jenkyn  Moreton  tenet  unu'  tenementu'  gard'  et 
cert'  p'cell'  terr*  per  estimac'o'em    .  .  .  b. 

Bedd'  v«.  ob.  escaet'  q.  Noe  such  rent  in  the  rentalL — Johannes 
ap  Dauid  ap  John  ap  Jenkyn'  tenet  de  escaet'  ad  volunt'p'est'  ija. 

Bedd'  vs.  iujd.  ob.  ex'li.  See  in  Moreton  Anglioru'  1-y  in  being. — 
Thomas  Hope  tenet  vnu'dausu'  terr*  vocat'  Kay  y  Bady  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em ...... 

Vn'  al' clans' vocat'  Kay  Jack  et  al'  vocat'  Kay  hire  in  Eyton  p'est' 


A.   R.   p. 


2  I 

3  o 
I  2 

1  I 

2  2 
o  I 


5 

5 
6 

5 
6 

I 

6 

I 

3 

3 
4 
5 


52 


o 
I 
2 
o 
o 

3 
o 

o 

o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


12     3     o 


300 


200 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


3  o 
o  o 
o    o 


0  o 

1  o 


3    o 
o    o 


xxxvjs.      430 


^  Bichard  Leighton,  Esq.    (See  p.  23.) 

'  John  of  Marchwiail  was  one  of  the  sons  of  David  ab  John  of  the  township 
of  Acton  in  the  manor  of  Eglwyseg,  son  of  Jenkyn  ab  Howd  ab  Jenkyn  of 
Acton,  second  son  of  leuan  ab  Madog  ab  Llewelyn,  lord  of  Eyton,  Erlisham, 
and  Borasham.  (Add.  MSS.  14,919.)  Ermine,  a  Uon  rampant  ature,  armed 
and  langued  guUt. 


CXCiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    B.    P. 


His  landes  are  so  disperst  that  apon  his  taking  a  new  lease  he 

most  reconcile  them  lying  in  diners  manors,  hauing  in  his 

lease  for  4}^,  12  acres,  as  appeareth  in  &brora*. 

Bedd*  ijjs.  xd.  ex'li. — Hugo  Griffith  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  nnp' 

Johannis  ap  Jenldn  Moorton  gard'  et  croft'  prati  adiaoen'  p' 

estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .  .  .100 

Yn*  danss'  pastnr'  adiacen'  yocat'  Coed  Eay  issa  p'  estimac'o'em       100 
Yn'  al*  danss'  arabil'  vocat'  Coed  Slay  Marie  per  estimao'  200 

liys.  ii^d.      500 
Bedd'  i]J8.  zd.  ex'li.  Ad  volunt'  et  escaet'. — Edwazdns  Bronghton' 

miles  tenet  vnu'  ten'tu'  gard'  et  crofb'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'  .010 
Ynu'  claoBs'  terr*  arabil'  vocat'  Maes  y  Uan  p'  est'  .200 

Yn'  al'  clans'  vocat'  Maes  y  Uan  p'  estimac'    .  .  .230 

Yn'  clans'  prat'  pastnr'  vocat'  Werglodd  issa  p'  estimac'o'em  100 

xlvjs.  vi\jd.      600 

These  three  last  before  menc'oned,  viz.  vid'  Bichardi  Qriffith, 

Hugh  Griff*,  and  Sir  Edward  Broughtons'  were  the  landes  of 

John  ap  Jenkin  Moorton,  Bobert  ap  Jenkin  Moorton,  and 

Griffith  ap  Jenkyn,  who  held  in  copie  manye,  omnes  illas 

acras  terr'  escaet'  vocat'  Eay  mad  koch  et  al'  terr'  escaet'  pro- 

nt  faemnt  in  tenura  Jenkin  Moorton  in  villa  de  Marchwheall 

ad  volnntat'  per  estimation  4  acras  iigx.  vd.,  which  nowe  the 

parties  abouesaid  do  clayme  to  be  free. 

I  find  that  Bobert  ap  Jenkyn  Moorton  did  hold  freelie  vnn' 

ten'tu'  et  viginti  acr'  terr'  ip.  villa  Marchwheall  redd'  zii^s. 

ii^d.,  w'ch  as  is  said  S'r  Edward  Broughton  nowe  houldes  it 

free ;  but  I  find  not  this  of  that  qnantitie  nor  of  that  rent, 

and  therefore  I  take  it  held  as  I  finde  it,  per  cap'. 

Bedd'  ZX3.  xjd.^ — Johannes  Wilkinson  aJ's  Edgeberie  tenet  vnu' 

tenementu'  cum  gard'  pomar'  et  croft'  p'  estimac'o'em  100 

Ynu'  danss'  arrabil'  vocat'  Kay  tan  y  ty  p'  est'  .120 

^  Sir  Edward  Broughton,  of  Plas  Isaf  in  the  manor  of  Marchwiail,  Ent., 
High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  1698.  Ermine,  a  lion  statant,  gardant,  gulet. 

He  married sister  of  Sir  Edward  Tirrell,  by  whom  he  had  issue,  two 

sons,  Edward  and  Bichard,  and  a  daughter,  Frances,  who  died  «.  p. 

^  The  family  of  Edgeberie,  or  Edisbuzy,  takes  its  name  from  Edisboiy 
Hall  in  the  hundred  of  Edisbury  in  Cheshire.  Some  of  this  family  were 
sheriffs  of  Chester  in  1299  and  1322.  In  the  church  of  Chatham,  in  Eent, 
are  two  monuments, — one  to  Bobert  Wilkinson  Edisbury,  Gent.,  of  March- 
wiail, CO.  Denbigh,  who  died  Sept.  1618 ;  and  the  other  to  his  son,  Eenriok 
Edisbury,  of  BedwaJ  in  the  parish  of  Marchwiail,  who  was  Surveyor  of  His 
Mi^esty's  Navy.  He  died  Aug.  27,  1638,  leaving  issue  by  his  wife,  Mary 
(daughter  and  heiress  of  Edward  Peters,  alias  Harding, of  Bochester, GFent.), 
two  sons,  John  and  Bichard.  John,  who  was  bom  in  160 1,  came  over  at  his 
father's  death  in  1638,  and  bought  Fentref  Clawdd,  near  Bhiwfabon,  and 
shortly  afterwards  purchased  the  Erddig  estate.  This  family  is  now  repre- 
sented by  James  Fisher  Edisbury,  of  Bersham  Hall  near  Wrexham,  Esq., 
and  E.  F.  Edisbury,  of  Belgrave  House,  Wrexham,  Esq.    (See  pedigree.) 


ORIOmAL  DOCUMENTS. 


CXCV 


Ynn'  prat'  adiaoen'  vooat'  Gweme  Annorest  p'  est' 

Yn'  oIaubs'  terr*  arabil'  Tooaf  y  Copie  p'  eet'    . 

Yn'  dauBs'  terr*  arabil'  Tocat'  Coedd  ddwy  p'  eet' 

Yn'  clauss'  airabil'  nap'  ten't'm  Tocat'  Coed  Eaier  y  brimery  p*  esti' 

Yn'  clanss*  Tocat'  Koed  Kay  banach  p'  est' 

Dnas  moras  vooat'  Gireme  y  ddwy  p'  est' 

Yn'  olaoBs'  prope  dom'  vooat'  Gwerglodd  Tachan  p'  est'  . 

Yn'  dauss'  arabil'  Tooat'  Eanenath  p'  est' 

Yn*  olanss'  arrabil'  vooat'  Kay  yr  Bedo  p'  egt* 

Yn'  olauss'  pastor'  voo'  Gweme  Site  p'  est' 

Yn'  clause'  vocat'  Weme  ddwy  p'  est' 

Yn'  danss'  pastur*  mnltom'qnertnu'  vooat' Coed' ddwy  p'estimat 

Yn'  al'  olauss'  vooat'  Koed  ddwy  p'  esf 

Ther  pass  in  this  lease  but  13  acres  ouerplus.  xvi^'K 

Bedd'  xs.  ijd.    Marchwheall  et  Buabon. — Johannes  Jei&eyee^ 

Armiger  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  cum  do'  vocat'  Tyre  lien  al's 

Gwerglodd  y  firwde  in  Marchwhall  nup'  Johannis  Decka'  filii 

Bogeri  Decka  p'  eetimac'o'em 

Tenet  et  vn'  dimid'  olauss'  in  Buabon  nup'  malt  Gwent  p'  estim' 

^K 

Bedd'  rvjd.  esoaet'  ad  volant'.— Edwardus  Broughton  miles  tenet 
tertia'  partem  quatuor  aorar'  cum  Owino  Breerton  et  Hugone 
GkifT  iure  vz'  nup'  terr*  Johannis  ap  JenJdn  Moorton  esoaet'  p' 
estimac'o'em  .  zs. 

Bedd'  zivd.  esoaet'  ad  volunt'. — Hugo  Griffith  tenet  al'  tertiam 
partem  d'oaru'  quatuor  acr*  p'  estimac'o'em  .  z«. 

Bedd'zv\j<. — Thomas  Goldsmith  tenet  in  Moreton  WaUicoru' vnu' 
ten't'm  et  7  da'  terr'  viz.  Kay  vrth  y  tye,  y  Bhoet  both  y  tye, 
Kay  dagon«  Kay  sabell  wem  Boger  Yaur^  wem  Boger  vechan 
et  y  wem  ddue  p'  est'      .  ■    .  .  .  zZi. 

Bedd'  v^s.  v^d.  Buabon  ad  volunf . — Griffith  ap  John  tenet  vnu' 
ten'tum  cum  g^ard'  per  estimac'o'em 

Ynu'  dauss'  nunc  dimiss*  in  duo  voc'  l^yre  y  whygan  p'  est' 
Quere  de  hoc,  it  seemeth  to  be  twice  charged,  for  there  is  v^s. 
vgd.  in  the  nezt  leafe,  and  but  one  vy<.  v^d.  in  the  rentale. 

Yn'  daus'  adiaoen'  vocat'  Werglodd  tyre  y  Whigan  per  estim' 

1...    •.•*• 
zlig«.  liiga. 

Bedd'  v\js.  i\j<2.  ob.  ez'li.    A. — Bichardus  ap  lenn  tenet  vnu'  tene- 

mentu'  et  unam  parcell'  terr*  vocat'  tyre  y  Stainel  per  est' 

Yn'  prat*  vocat'  Wirglod  hyre  p'  estimat' 

Yn'  daass'  vocat'  Weme  Bobyn  p*  est'  ^ 


A. 

B. 

p. 

2 

I 

0 

3 

0 

0 

3 

0 

0 

2 

10 

0 

3 

0 

0 

2 

I 

0 

I 

0 

0 

4 

0 

0 

X 

3 

0 

4 

0 

0 

I 

0 

0 

4 

0 

0 

3 

0 

0 

36    3    o 


12  3     o 
020 

13  I    o 


I    I  15 
I    I  13 


20    o    o 
o    o  10 

320 

100 
4    2  10 

220 

100 

.     300 

1X8,        620 


^  John  Jeffreyes  of  Acton,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  $abJs,  He  mar- 
ried Margaret,  daughter  of  William  Lloyd  of  Halchdyn  in  the  parish  of  Han- 
mer,  Esq.    (See  pedigree.) 

*  John  Deocaf,  son  of  Boger  Deccaf,  fourth  son  (by  Lily  his  wife,  daughter 
of  John  Puleston)  of  David  Deccaf  of  Bhwytyn,  lineally  descended  from 
Matthew  Bhwytyn,  lord  of  Bhwytyn,  Seswick,  and  Bedwal,  third  son  of 
Elidir  ab  Bhys  Sais,  lord  of  Eyton,  etc. 


CXCVi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    R.   p. 


Bedd'  Y\j«.  iijct.  ex\  A. — GriiBth  ap  John  tenet  vnn'  dausom  terr' 
vocat'  tyre  y  ghwegan  naper  terr'  Bob'ti  ap  John  ap  Bichard 
et  JohanniB  William  ap  John  ap  Bichard  p'  estimac'o'em  700 

Bedd'  iiigd.  ex*. — Ynn'  cotagia'  cnm  gard'  nuper  in  tennra  Edw'r'i 
ap  Bichard  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .      o    o  20 

li\js.  ii^'d.      70  20 
Bedd'  x\js.  \jd.  ex'.   Lease  expired.  A. — Memorand'  theis  landes 
noted  A  are  in  qnantitie  26  acres  di',  which  must  be  distin- 
guished, and  the  rent  being  xlvjc.  vi^'d.,  apportioned  with  the 
next  following,  yet  ther  wanteth  v«.  ijd.  of  the  xl\j«.  vi\jd. 
Bedd*yij«.  ex\  A.    This  is  for  lease  land8.~Bobertns  ap  John  Wil- 
liam tenet  vnnm  clause'  terr'  Tocat'  Tyre  fitcher  p'  est'  .      700 
Vn'  al'  dauss'  terr'  vocat'  Gwem  y  bichan  p'  est'  .900 

vjK.     16    o    o 


VILLA  RUABON. 


Bedd'  vs.  yd.  ex'.   No  lease  showed. — Johannes  Lloyd  ap  Bichard^ 

tenet  medietat'  domus  cum  Boberto  ap  John  WiU'm  gard'  croft' 

et  d'm  adiacen'  TOcat'  K&y  hire  issa  et  Eay  hire  vcha  nunc 

diuiss'  in  quinq'  p'  estimat'  .  Ixii^'s.  yi^d.     10    o    o 

Vocat'  redd'  v\js. — Griffith  ap  John^  holdes  of  the  former  one 

cotage  and  garden. 

Bedd'  ijjs.  viyd.  ex'. — Edwardus  Eton  Armig'^  tenet  vna  dauss' 
pastur*  Yocat'  Gwemey  Stodon  in  villa  Buabon  continen'  per 
estimac'o'em        .  .400 

Bedd'  x^d.  ex'. — Idem  Edwardus  tenet  de  terr*  escaet'  nuper 
Boberti  ap  Dauid  ap  John  ap  Dauid  p'  estimac'  .300 

liys.  viigd.  700 
Bedd'  xigs.  viijjd.  ex',  20  y.  m.  beinge. — Dauid  Lloyd  generoes'* 

tenet  vnu'  clauss'  arabil'  vocat'  Tyre  Stodum  per  estimac'o'em  600 
XJnu'  dauss'  quondam  duo  in  quo  crescunt  querd  proceres  vocat' 

Earner  cog  p'  est'  .  .300 

^  John  Lloyd  ab  Bichard  of  Coed  Cristionydd.    (See  Esdusham.) 
^  Gruffydd  ab  John  ab  David  of  Cae  Cyriog.    (See  p.  32.) 
'  Edward  Eyton  of  Watstay,  Esq.,  ob.  1623.    (See  pedigree.) 
*  David  Lloyd  of  Fentref  Clawdd,  son  of  John  ab  Bobert  ab  David  ab  John 
of  Pentref  Clawdd,  descended  firom  Ithel  Felyn,  lord  of  lal.  Sable,  on  a  chev. 
inter  three  goats'  heads  erased  or,  three  trefoils  of  the  field.    He  married 
Catherine,  daughter  of  Howel  ab  Edward  ab  Y  Badi  Llwyd  of  Cefii  y  Bedw 
in  Cristionydd,  descended  from  Einion  Efell,  lord  of  EglwysegL    This  David 
Lloyd  sold  Pentref  Clawdd  to  John  Edisbury  of  Stryt  yr  Hwch  in  the  town- 
ship of  Bedwal,  and  it  now  belongs  to  Mr.  Yorke  of  Erddig.    His  ddest  son, 
Owain  Lloyd,  lived  at  Plas  y  Drain,  afterwards  called  Llwyn  Owain,  in  the 
township  of  Mortyn  Wallicorum,  and  married  Barbara,  daughter  of  Henry 
Williams  ab  William  Williams  of  Cochwillan,  co.  Carnarvon,  Esq.    (See 
Cae  Cyriog  MS.,  Wynnstay  MS.,  Harl.  MSS.  1969,  4181.    See  pedigree.) 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


CXCVll 


Un'  olaaas'  vooat'  Tyre  y  Bergam  p'  est' 
Tin'  olaass'  vooat'  Eay  glase  p'  eetiiiiao'o'em 


cz« 


Tlie  rent  muBt  be  apportioned  with  Edw.  Hope. 
Bedd*  x».  ex'.,  expressed  i6  y.  since. — Edwardus  ap  John  de  Ky 

ton^  tenet  scitu'  nnius  cotagii  nap'  Owini  Breerton  Ar'  et  an 

daoss'  arabil*  Tocat'  y  bryn  per  est' 
Un'  daass'  pastar'  vocat'  l^e  deon  p'  est' 
Un'  claass'  vocat'  Kay  Skibbo'  p'  est' 
Un'  claass'  vocat'  Kay  Qamon  p'  est' 
Un'  prat'  adiacen'  p'  esUmac' 
Un'  claass'  adiacen'  vocat'  Tyre  dd  Eton'  p'  estimac'o'em 

cz« 

Bedd'  i\i<.  ex'.    Eschaet'  ad  volant*. — Edwardns  Lloyd  Armige" 

tenet  anam  tenementu'  et  an'  claass'  terr'  de  Eschaet'  vocat' 

place  Ithell  p'  estimac'o'em  .... 

Bedd'  xd.  ex'  eschieet'.— Tenet  et  de  terr*  escaet'  &  Will's  ap  John 

Lloyde  vn'  per  est'  ..... 

Bedd'  ig«.  ex'. — Tenet  et  ana'  prat'  voo'  derle  Wynn  p'  est* 


A.   B.  p. 
320 

220 
15    o    o 


2 
I 
2 
I 
o 
6 


o 
4 


o 
2 
o 
o 
I 
o 


2 

o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


12     3     o 


300 


o 
o 


lx«.      720 

Bedd'  \js.  zjd.  ob.  ex'.  Marwheale  expresed  i  y.  since,  ad  volant*. — 

Eatherina  filia  Daaidis  ap  William  tenet  vna' claass'  terr'naper 

Will'mi  ap  Daaid  ap  Hoell  vocat'  Gweme  Griff*  ad  voluntatem 

per  estimac'o'em  ....         xx«.      300 

This  is  the  moytie  of  6  acres  Edw.  Powell,  esq.,  holdeth,  thother 

in  the  name  of  free,  and  was  at  wiQ  4  Eliz.    Vide  fo.  170. 

Bedd'.  No  rent  in  the  rentall. — Johannes  Eton  de  Bellan'  gene- 
ross*'  tenet  in  Campo  vocat'  Broanedd  vnam  peciam  seliona'  p' 
estimac'o'em         .....  yj«.      100 

Bedd'  vs.  ex'.— Johannes  ap  Edward  tenet  vnam  parcella'  terr' 
nap'  Johannis  ap  Edward  ap  Daaid  ap  John^  p'  estimac'o'em  vjs.      100 

Bedd'  XT8.  iijd,  ob.  ex'  de  terme.  Theis  came  to  Q.  Eliz.  handes 
p'  foreffatare.  Jenn  ap  Hoell  qnia  concess'  faerant  per  cop' 
impp'm  &c. — Edwardas  Lloyd  Armige''  tenet  vna'  claass'  pas- 
tur'  vocat'  Gweme  ganol  p'  estimac'o'em       .  .  .700 

*  Bhwytyn. 

'  Edwfiurd  Lloyd  of  Flas  Madog,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable.  (See 
pedigree,  and  Esdasham,  p.  53.) 

'  John  Eyton  of  Belan  was  the  second  son  of  William  Eyton  of  Watstay, 
Esq.    He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Hagh  Paleston,  Esq. 

^  John  ab  Edward  ab  David  ab  John  ab  Jenkyn  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Ithel  Goch 
ab  Llewelyn  ab  Madog  ab  Einion  ab  Madog  ab  Bleddyn,  foarth  son  of  Cyn- 
wrig  ab  BhiwaJlon.  Ermine,  a  lion  ranl^ant  sable,  armed  and  langaed  gules. 
He  married  Angharad,  daughter  of  Edward  ab  Morgan  ab  David  ab  Madog 
of  Brymbo  and  Plas  y  Bowld,  in  Caergwrle,  Esq.,  by  whom  he  had  issue,  two 
sons,  John  and  Bichard,  and  one  daughter  named  Sibyl.  (Harl.  MSS.  1972, 
2299.)    See  pedigree. 

^  Edward  Lloyd  of  Flas  Madog,  Esq.    See  Esdusham,  p.  53. 


A. 

B.  P. 

2 

2      O 

8 

O     O 

6 

O     O 

CXCviii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

De  BoBCO  in  d*c*o  dauss'  p*  estiinac'  .  .  .  , 

Dao  bX*  daoss'  vocat'  Qweme  vcha  et  Gweme  issa  Gwillt  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em  cam  dimid'  acr'  prat'        .... 
XJn'  prat'  adiacen*  vocat*  Gweme  vawr  p'  estimac' 

Yi^jU,  23  2  o 
Bedd'  xvi^a,  \j(2.  ob.  q.  ex'  i  y.  m.  beinge.  This  Griffith  daymeth 
by  an  assignement  from  Jo.  D'd  ap  Jenn'  6  de  wirglodd  grono 
parte  of  thre  y  whygorn  and  whirglodd  thre  y  whyg^m  went 
yijs.  igd.  So  the  whole  rent  shoalde  be  xzv«.  vd.  ob.  q.  See  this 
mark  next  page. — Griffith  ap  John  ap  Danid  lenn'^et  alii  tenent 
vnu'  tenementn'  pomar*  gard'  pistria'  cnrtelag'  et  croft  p'  est'  020 
Un'  claoss'  yocat'  Kay  Hengey  issa  p'  estimac'o'em        .  .320 

XJn'  aP  danss'  terr*  arabilis  vocat'  Kay  Marie  per  estimac^o'em     .310 
Un'  dauss'  pastur*  vocat'  Kay  Kiriog  p'  est'    .  .320 

Un'  danss'  vocat'  Kay  Hengey  vcha  p'  est'  .310 

Aliud  danss'  vocat'  y  Weme  p'  estimac'o'em    .  .  .300 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  Hyre  cam  Werglodd  gron'  p'  estima- 
c'o'em .  .  .  .  .200 


viyit.  x«.     18    2    o 
Bedd'  v\]«.  v\jd.  ex'. — This  same  2  cotages  and  2  gardyns  cam  vna 
p'ceU'  terr'  voc'  tyr  y  chewegen  diaiss'  in  qaatnor  p'  est'        Is.      700 
There  do  passe  in  the  lease  40  acres,  bat  I  finde  bat  19 ;  so  I 
take  it  21  to  be  carried  away  by  some  other  man,  which  will 
not  bee  yet  confest.    See  whether  in  Edward  Eyton's  or 
Mr.  Bromfield's  lease. 
Bedd'  iigs.  Y^d.    Iscoyde  there.    Johannes  ap  Danid  Broaghton' 
tenet  vnam  cottagi'm  nap'  Boberti  ap  John  ap  ll'en  ap  bad'  et 
dao  daass'  terr'  vocat'  y  Gelly  Waylod  vcha  et  dao  al'  daass' 
vocat'  Tyre  Blewog  p'  est'  .  xU.      320 

Fertinet  Manerio  de  Iscoyd. 
Vocat'  redd'  i^s.  xd.  See  Iscoyde  for  this,  fo.  270. — Danid  ap  John 
ap  Boger  tenet  vn'  cotagin'  et  qaataor  daass'  vocat'  Eay  y 
Gloaer  et  firm'  Griff*  y  pan  Hyly  cam  vno  d'o  vocat'  Ddole  new- 
ith  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .220 

De  terr'  Boberti  ap  John  ap  U'en  ap  Bady. 


^  Graffydd  ab  John  ab  David  ab  leuan  ab  Llewdyn  ab  David  of  Cae  Cyriog, 
third  son  of  Deicws  ab  Deio  of  Llanerch  Bagog,  second  son  of  Madog,  aUag 
Y  Badi,  of  Hafod  y  Bwch,  son  of  Graffydd  ab  lorwerth  Fychan  ab  lorwerth 
ab  lenaf  ab  Niniaf  ab  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon,  lord  of  Mador  Gymraeg. 
Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and  langned  gules.  He  married  Jane, 
daaghter  of  John  Brodidyn  ab  David  Broohtyn  of  Bhiwfabon,  by  whom  he 
had  a  son,  John,  the  ancestor  of  the  present  Thomas  Taylor  Griffiths,  Esq., 
F.B.O.S.,  of  Cae  Cyriog,  Pennant  y  Belan,  and  of  Wrexham ;  the  possessor 
of  the  Cae  Cyriog  MSS.,  from  whence  the  majority  of  these  notes  and  pedi- 
greoB  are  taken.    (See  pedigree.) 

3  John  Brochtyn  (Broaghton)  ab  David  Brochtyn  of  Bhiwfabon,  ab  John 
Brochdyn  ab  John  ab  Tador. 


OBiaiNAL  DOCUMENTS.  CXCIX 

A.    B.   P. 

Bedd'  ▼«.  iiijd.  Iscoyde^  no  oopie. — Oftlfindns  ap  Bandle  tenet  tria 
clansa  vn'  vocat*  Ghrerglodd  seounda  j  Bryn  tertia*  Tyre  Marie 
p'  eetimao'o'em    ....  tttyjs,  yijjd.      400 

BeviB  Thelwall  pays  this  in  Isooyd.  De  terr*  Boberti  ap  John 
ap  U'en  ap  Bady. 
Bedd'  xy  d.  escaet'  ex'  ad  volunt'  Bedd'  mis.  ez*. — Edwardus  Lloyd 
nap'  Will'i  ap  John  Lloyd^  tenet  vnam  peciam  texr*  vocat*  Erw 
syte  p*  est'  ....  iig«.  iiiid.      020 

Idem  tenet  vna'  olaoss'  prat'  Tocat'  y  Derle  Wynn  p'  eetimaci- 
o'em      .....  zzx^f.  viijd.      400 

See  the  pa^  next  before,  where  there  lackes  y$,  vd.  rent, 

annswered  here  all  bnt  yd.  at  this  marke. 
Entred  under  the  name  of  Mr.  Edw.  Eton  in  the  Jur.  booke. 
Bedd'  ijs,  ii\jd.  ex*. — Ghriffith  ap  John  ap  Dauid  ap  lea'n"  tenet 
ynn'  clansnm  terr'  vocat'  Erw  Fynnon  in  Bnabon  ad  volontat' 
p'  eetimao'o'em  ....         xz«.      220 

This  is  in  mortgage  to  Mr.  Edward  Eton,  gent. 
Bedd'  Y8,  iiijd.  ob.  ex'.    No  lease  showed.— Johannes  len'n  tenet 
vnn'messoagia'et  cert' p'cellas  terr' adiaoen'p'estimaoVemiiigU.     900 
This  was  granted  i  et  2  Phi.  et  Marie  for  21  yeares. 
Bedd'  iy«.  ii\jd.  ad  volant'  ex'. — Edward  Eton  tenet  vnu'  claass' 
terr'  yocat'  Erw  f*ynnon  in  Bnabon  ad  volantat'  p'  est'       xxs.      220 


RITON  (RHWYTYN),  RUABON. 

Bedd'  ^8.  yjd.  ex'.  Bayton.    22  m.  beinge  cop.  2  Eliz.  pro  21  an.— 
Dauid  ap  John  Dauid  Lloyd  tenet  duo  dausa  terr'  vocat'y  blothy 
vcha  et  blothy  issa  nuper  Bogeri  ap  Dauid  Lloyd  in  villa  de 
Buyton  p'  estimao'o'em     .  .  xxxyj«.  vi^d.      500 

Bedd'  iivjs.  ixd.  ex'  q.  Hamlet  de  Bnddallt  escheat  land  ad  vol' 
I  y.  m.  beinge. — Bogerus  Griffith  ap  Dauid  ap  I'on  ap  I'eun 
Goz*  tenet  vnu'  olauss'  vocat'  Erow  y  sete  i  acr'  et  al'  vocat'  pull 
Mawr  p'  estimao'o'em        ....  ig«.      120 

Bedd'  Y8,  iijd.  ob.  q. — Johannes  Bowland  tenet  duas  dausur'  terr* 
vocat'  y  kay  beryon  in  Buyton  p'  est'  txujs.  injd,      300 

No  such  man  nor  rent  in  the  rentall,  for  it  lyeth  in  BedwalL 


^  Edward  Lloyd  ab  William  Lloyd  ab  John  Lloyd  of  Plas  Madog.  (See 
Esdusham,  p.  53.) 

*  Gruf^dd  ab  John  ab  David  leuan  ab  Llewelyn  ab  David,  of  Cae  Qyriog 
in  the  township  of  Bhiwfabon.    (See  p.  32.) 

'  Boger  ab  Grufiydd  of  Bhuddallt,  ab  David  ab  John  ab  leuan  Goch  ab 
David  Goch  ab  Y  Badi  of  Plas  y  Badi  Mawr  in  Bhuddallt,  ab  Madog  ab  Tor- 
werth  Goch,  fourth  son  of  Madog  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Grufi|ydd,  lord  of  Eyton, 
Erlisham,  and  Borasham.  ErmvM,  a  lion  rampant  cuure,  armed  and  langued 
guU$.  (See  pedigree.)  Cynwrig  Eyton  of  Eyton,  Esq.,  possessed  the  lands  of 
Boger  Gru£^dd  of  Bhuddallt  in  1697.    (Cae  Cyriog  MS.) 


CC  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

RUABON. 

Bedd'  i^5.    Escheat  landes. — Bobertns  ap  Bio.  Wynn  holdeth  cer- 
taine  escheat  landes  in  Buyabon,  late  in  the  tennze  of  John  ap 
Edw.  ap  Hoell  ap  Edw.  et  lea'n  ap  Will  ap  D'd^  ad  volant'  p' 
est*       ......        viy*.      i 

No  suche  man  nor  rent  in  the  Bailife  Bentall 

Bedd'  rd.  Esoaet'  land  ex"  ad  volant'. — Blchardos  ap  John  ap 
Edward^  tenet  de  terr'  escaet'nuper  Johannis  ap  Edward  ap  D'd 
ap  John  ap  Jenldn  ap  Llewellyn'  ad  volnntat'  p'  est'  .  yi^s.      i 

jdjd.  ob.  ex*. — He  is  to  paye  more  by  the  Bental,  z^d.  ob. 

Bedd'  iigs.  izd.  escheat  q.  ex'. — Bogerus  Griffith  infans  tenet  vna' 
parcell'  terr'  escaet'  vocat'  pnrlle  ad  voluntat'  p'  estimac'       x«.      i 

Bedd'  ig«.  i^d.  ob.  q.  ex'.  Buabon. —Johannes  ap  Hugh  ap  leu'n 
ap  Hoell'  tenet  certas  terras  in  Baabon  nup'  dauidis  ap  Jo'a 
le'an  p'  estimac'oem  .  .  cxiijs.  iiijd.     i6 

Bedd'xiijd.eschaet'. — Johannes  ap  Wm.  ap  Dauid  ap  EUice  nuper 
tennit  de  terr'  escaet'  in  Baabon  ad  volantat'  p'  estimac'o'em  v\j«.      i 
Noe  such  man  nor  rent  in  the  Bentall. 

Bedd'  xxxvjx.  vijd.  ob.  q.  ex'«  about  i  y.  m.  beinge,  or  rather  ex- 
pressed, ad  Yolunt'. — Edwardus  Eton  Armige'^  tenet  vn'ten'  tu' 
cum  duobus  clauss'  terr'  in  Buabon  p'  est'    .  .  .12 

Tenet  et  diuersas  parcellas  terr'  in  Buabon  ad  volant'  in  toto  per 
estimac'  ad  vol'  .  .  •    17 


A.    B.   p. 


vi^li.    29    o    o 
Tenet  in  super  licensiam  ad  fodend'  lapidis  in  Glasvry  et 
Benen  y  Eamedd  et  alibi  infra  perochiam  de  Buyabon. 

^  Bichard  ab  John  ab  Edward  ab  David.  (See  p.  31.)  He  married  Deili^ 
daughter  of  Bobert  ab  Edward  ab  Howel  ab  Madog  ab  Howel  ab  leuan  ab 
Madog  ab  Einion  ab  Madog  ab  Bleddyn,  fourth  son  of  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon, 
by  whom  he  had  a  son,  John  ab  Bichard  of  Bersham,  who  married  Catherine, 
daughter  of  John  Puleston,  of  Flas  y  Mers,  Esq.,  ab  Bobert  Puleston,  etc. 

'  See  Esclusham,  p.  45. 

'  John  ab  Hugh  ab  leuan  ab  Howel  of  Pennant  y  Belan.  His  daughter 
and  heiress,  Elizabeth,  married  John  Hughes,  second  son  of  Hugh  ab  Edward 
ab  leuan  Llwyd  of  Glyn  Ceiriog,  second  son  of  David  Lloyd  of  Plas  is  y 
Clawdd  in  the  parish  of  Chirk,  Esq.,  descended  from  Tudor  Trevor.  By  this 
marriage  John  Hughes  had  issue  a  son,  Thomas  Hughes  of  Pennant  y 
Belan,  receiver  of  the  King's  rents  for  the  greater  part  of  Maelor  and  other 
places  in  a.d.  1697 ;  who,  by  Sarah  his  wife,  fourth  daughter  and  coheiress 
of  Edward  ab  Bandle  ab  John  ab  John  ab  Madog  of  Bhuddallt,  second  son 
of  Cadwgan  Ddu  ab  Cadwgan  Goch,  lord  of  Ld  (descended  from  Ithel  Pelyn, 
lord  of  lal),  had  issue  three  daughters,  coheiresses :  i,Mary,  wife  of  William 
Piatt  of  Bhydonen  in  the  parish  of  Llanynys,  whose  only  daughter  and 
heiress,  Sahbh,  was  married  to  Rhys  Lloyd  of  Clochfjaen,co.  Montgomery,  Esq., 
high  sheriff  for  that  county  in  1743 ;  2,  Phcebe,  wife  of  David  Lloyd  of  Llan- 
goUen,  second  son  of  Edward  Lloyd,  son  and  heir  of  John  Lloyd  of  Trevor, 
Esq.;  and  3,  Bebecca,  who  married  John  Griffith  of  Cae  Cyriog,  Esq.,  who  in 
right  of  his  wife  became  possessed  of  Pennant  y  Belan.     (Cae  Cyriog  MS.) 

*  Edward  £y ton  of  Watstay,  Esq.    Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  azure. 


ORIGINAL  DOOUMEKTS.  CCl 

A.     B.    P. 

Bedd'  xvjjs.  uijd.  q*  ex*  22  y.  m.  beinge.  It.  was  but  8  ac.  4  Elk. — 
Johannee  Eton  [Powell]  geneross'  ^  tenet  duo  cotag'  vn'  olausu' 
none  diuiss*  in  tria  vocat*  Gweme  7  Newydd'  nuper  Edwardi  ap 
Boger  p*  estimac'  .  .     ii^jU.  xi^«.  ii^jd.    1200 

Bedd'  xz\jd.  ob.  ex'  ad  volunt'. — Bichardus  Parry  Ep'ns  Assaphen- 
sia'  tenet  ad  voluntat'  in  villa  de  Sutton  vnam  peoiam  terr'  p' 
estimac'o'em        ....  y\j<.  vjd.      i    0    o 

Bedd*  xxyjs.  jd.  q*  ex\  Escheat  landes  expres'  2  y.  sinoe. — Ed- 
wardas  Bromfield'  geneross*  tenet  vnu'claoss'  terr*  arrabil'  vocat* 
Kay  Eigmon*  per  estimac'o'em         .  .  .220 

Un'  ar  clause*  adiacen*  vocat*  y  Bonedd  p*  est'  .220 

Un*  al*  clauBs'  vocat*  ICay  Alexander  p*  est*  .110 

Illigitime  proetraint  non  nollas  arbores  easq*  formas  ut  soli- 
das  contra  ordinar*. 

Un'  dauss*  pastur*  vol  arabil'  stiril'  vocat*  vrou*  Theris  oontinen* 
cum  boeco  .  .  .320 


,  ^  John  Eyton  of  Bodylltyn  and  Fferm,  Esq.,  married  Catherine,  daughter 
of  John  Wynn  Lloyd  of  Plas  y  Badda  (now  called  Kew  Hall),  in  the  town- 
ship of  Mortyn  Anglicorum,  in  the  parish  of  Bhiwabon,  Esq.,  and  died  with- 
out issue.  He  sold  Bodylltyn  to  ^  young  girl  from  London  (and  Fferm  to 
another),  who  married  John  Powel,  younger  brother  of  Sir  Thomas  Powel  of 
Horslli,  Bart.  John  Powel  of  Bodylltyn  had  issue,  by  his  wife,  three 
daughters,  coheiresses  : — i,  Jane,  ux.  Edward  Williams  of  Hafod  y  Bwch ; 
2,  Catherine,  ux.  Mr.  Maurice  Matthews,  parson  of  Erbistog,  second  son  of 
John  Matthews  of  Hamage  Court  (descended  from  Elystan  Glodrydd),  and 
Jane  his  wife,  eldest  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Maurice  Tanat  of  Blodwel 

Fechan ;  3, who  sold  her  lands  to  the  parson.    After  the  death  of  Mr. 

John  Powel  his  widow  married  one  Hugh  ab  leuan  (a  servant  belonging  to 
the  house),  by  whom  she  had  a  son  called  Charles  Hughes.  (CaeCyriog  MS.) 
'  Bichard  Parry,  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  was  the  son  of  John  Parry  of  PwU 
Halawg  in  Tegeingl,  and  Elen  his  wife,  daughter  of  David  ab  John,  a 
younger  son  of  Twna  ab  leuan  ab  Gruffydd  of  Tref  Eiarth  in  Hanfai'r  Dyff- 
ryn  Clwyd,  ab  Bhys  ab  Madog  Lloyd  of  Bryncunallt,  eldest  son  of  lorwerth 
Foel,  lord  of  Chirk,  of  the  house  of  Tudor  Trevor.  John  Parry  of  Pwll  Halawg 
was  the  son  of  Harry  ab  David  ab  Howel  ab  Meilir  ab  lorwerth  ab  MeUir 
ab  Goronwy  ab  Gruffydd  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Cynwrig  Efell,  lord  of  Eglwysegl 
(gules,  on  a  bend  argent,  a  Hon  passant  sable,  armed  and  langued  of  the  field). 
Bichard  Parry  married  Gwen,  sister  of  Edward  Pryse  of  Llwyn  Tn  in  Caer- 
ddinog  in  Llanfair  Dyfl&yn  Clwyd,  high  sheriff  for  co.  Denbigh  in  a.d.  1627, 
and  daughter  of  John  ab  Bhys  ab  John  Wynn  of  Llwyn  Tn,  descended  from 
Edwyn  ab  Gk>ronwy,  Prince  of  Tegeingl.  The  Bishop  died  Sept.  26,  1623; 
and  on  the  27th  Sept.,  1624,  his  widow  married  Thos.  Mostyn  of  Bhyd,  Esq. ; 
and  on  the  same  day  her  eldest  son  and  heir,  Bichard  Parry  of  Pwll  Halawg, 
espoused  Mr.  Mo8tyn*s  daughter  Mary;  and  Mr.  Mostyn's  son  and  heir, 
Thomas  Mostyn,  married  Bishop  Parry's  youngest  daughter,  Ann.  (Lewys 
Dwnn,  vol.  ii,  p.  320,  note.) 

'  Edward  Bromfield  of  Bryn  y  Wiwer,  Esq.,  descended  from  Idnerth  Ben- 
fras,  lord  of  Maesbrook.  He  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  John  Sonlli  of 
Sonlli  in  Marchwiail,  Esq.,  by  whom  he  had  an  only  daughter  and  heiress, 
Elizabeth,  who  married  Sir  Gerard  Eyton  of  K^ton,  Knt. 

2  a 


con  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A.  ft.  T. 

Un'  prat'  adiaoen'  Tocat*  Werglodd  y  vron  Therys  p'  estimacVem      too 
Un'  danss'  arrabil'  vooat'  T^e  Griff*  p'  est'     .  .  .400 

es.    19    3    o 

This  should  be  50  aor'«  bat  it  is  dismemberedy  as  it  is  noted 
w't  the  bee  A. 

Kedd'  ^8.  ex'  31  7.  m.  beinge  ad  Tolant'. — Edwardus  Hope  tenet 
▼nn'  tenementu'  naper  Johannis  ap  Danid  ap  John  ap  Danid  ad 
Yolontat'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .         sxc.      120 

£edd'  §  non  infra  composic'om  zxvj«.  ob.  q.  ex'. — Edwardus  Brom- 
field  generoes'  de  vast'  tenet  in  looo  vocat'  Nant  7  Belan  in 
Buabon  p'  cop'  E.  6,  p'  estimac'o'em  xzvjs.  yi^d.      400 

Tenet  et  sit  molend'  ib'm  super  terr'ss  proprias  cu'  lioeno'habend' 
aquas  de  rivulis  de  Dee  et  Avon'  Xpi'oneth  .  .       ii^li. 

Bedd'  §.  Escheat  graunted  p'  cop'  3  et  4  P.  et  M. — ^Tenet  et  dnas 
dausur'  ten'  vocat'  7  yron'  dderis  et  quoddam  pratu'  eidem 
vron  adiaoen'  nuper  in  tenur'  Dauid  ap  leu'n  ap  Ue'n  continen' 
p'  estimac'  ....  Ixxi^s.  iiyd.    10    o    o 

Bedd'.  His  first  copie  was  3  et  4  P.  et.  H. — Gertas  terr'  Tooaf 
Tyre  Hova  ap  Eignion  cu'  terr*  escaef  et  vocat'  Oarl7  Dure  p' 
eetimat'  .  c«.    20    o    o 

All  theiB  landes  noted.    A.  are  rented  cu'  inoro'  26*.  5d.  ob. 
q.,  which  must  bee  apportioned  to  euezy  paroelL 

Bedd'  v\js.  vigd.  ob.  ex'  29  y.  m.  being. — Hugo  Qriffith  Lloyd  tenet 
unu'  mesuagiu'  horren'  gardinu'  et  pomar*  vnu'  prat'  vocat' 
Tullwrne  nunc  diuiss'  in  duas  dausur*  vnu'  d'm  vocat'  Trowstyre 
vnu'  d'm  voo'  Cayr  yr  llody  y  llwyn  vnu'  d'm  dimes'  in  duas 
dausur*  in  toto  oontinen'  p'  estim'  .  Ix^c.  vi^d.     11    00 

Bedd'  §  v|j».iyd.  ob.  ex'expresed  about  i  y.  since;  entered  before, 
fol.  179. — Bic'us  ap  leu'n  tenet  unu'  mesuagiu'  in  Moreton  Wal- 
Ucorum  et  in  tenur'  len'n  Grii&th  ap  Madock  p'  estim'  lx«.      710 

Bedd'  §  viif .  ijd.  q.,  about  29  y.  m.  being. — Joh'es  Edgebeiy  tenet 
unu*  ten't'm  in  Marwheall  cum  terr'  pertinen'  vocat'  Tithen 
Howell  de  terr'  arabilibus  et  marisds  p'  estim'    yjli.  xiy«.  iiiy'd.    23    o    o 

Bedd'  iiijs.  ii^d.  ob.,  v«.  iiigd.  ob.,  expired  about  i  y.  since,  xgd. 
added. — Thomas  Hope  tenet  in  Moreton  Anglicoru*  et  Buabon 
paroellum  terr*  vocat'  Kay  Jack  et  d'm  vocat'  Kay  Badie  et  vn' 
parcellam  vocat'  Kay  Jack  et  d'm  vocat*  Kay  Hir  per  est'  xxxt.    420 

Bedd'  ^a.  ex',  28  y.  in  being.— Edwardus  Hope  tenet  vn'  cotagiu' 
curtdagiu'  et  gardinum  et  vnum  d'm  terr*  &  Joh'es  ap  dd'  ap 
John  oontinen'  p'  estim'    ....  xz«.      120 

Quere  whether  this  be  not  twise  chardged. 

Bedd'  \jd.,  about  8  y.  m.  being.— Dorathea  Ellice  vie  tenet  vnu' 
cotagiu'  et  gard'  in  Buabon  per  estim'  vj<.  vi^d.      o    o  20 

Bedd'  v«.  i^d.  ob.  ex*.    Bedd'  xd.— Joh'es  Jefferies  armiger  tenet 
vnu'  mesuagiu'  curtilagiu'  et  gardin'  cum  duobus  cl'ls  vocaf 
Kay  Berion  in  Buabon  &  Joh'es  Decka  p'  estim'      xxxiy«.  mjd.      300 
He  is  now  in  the  Bentall,  then  in  this  surveye  by  xd. 

Bedd'  xs.  vjjd.  ex'.— Idem  Joh'es  Jefferies  tenet  de  terr*  &  Joh'is 
ap  Edward  ap  dd*  ap  Madock  in  Marwheale  et  Buabon  certas 
parcell'  prati  et  pastur*  p'  est'  lujs.  ii\jd.    10    o    o 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCIU 

A.   B.  P. 

Redd'  iiii.  ymid,  interat'  ante. — Edwardus  Eton  tenet  vnam  par- 
cell*  terr*  vooat'  Gweme  estodem  per  estim'  .200 

Bedd'  zYi\js.  yd.  ob.  q.  ex'. — ^Idem  Eton  tenet  in  oopercionaiie  cum 
Hartino  Bromfeilde  et  Joh'e  Daoid  ap  len'n  coias  purpars  ter- 
raru'  A  ftiemnt  in  tenar*  Madod  ap  dioos  et  DanidiB  ap  d'oons 
in  Boabon  p'  est'  xxyji.  yigd.      400 

S'm'  redd'  tenen'  ad  ▼olont'  et  p'  dinuBs'  xxzjli.  ^«.  Tigd.  ob. 
4*0  Eliz.  §  xx\jli.  xy\j«.  q. 

Sedd'  in  toto  p'  ann'  ligZi.  ii\j«.  ob. 

xr^d.  Bio'nB  Prestland  p'  terr'  p*  qoisit'  de  Bogero  Griffith. 

xixd.  Bob'toB  Puleston  p'  terr'  in  Baadon«  &  \)s.  yd,  in  Abinberye ;  the 

totall,  iiy«.,  put  in  Bentale. 
▼<.  ii\jd.  Bo^nu  Middleton  Ar.  p'  terr'  dinisabiT  in  Villa  de  Byton. 
▼xjjt.  D'na  Susanna  Paleston  et  (Jeorgioa  Paleston  p'  terr*  lib'ris  in 

Gwooaiet. 
iiQd.  lyd  ap  John  Smith  p'  terr'  lib'is  in  Bnabon. 


SUPERVIS'  MANERII  DE  ESCLUSHAM. 

Harl.  MB,  3696. 

NOMINA  JUBATOBU'. 

Johannes  Oroffith  gen'  Johannes  David 

Bobertus  Gmfflth  gen*  Hngh  ap  Uengyttin 

Bogeras  ap  William  Joh'es  ap  Bees  ap  Hugh 

Danid  1^  Bobt.  ap  Hagh  Bob'ttis  ap  Edward 

Johannes  ap  Hngh  Ed'rus  ap  Bich'  Yaaghan 

Jaoobas  ap  Bobert  Will'us  Twissingh'm 

Joh'es  Wyn'  ap  John  ap  Edd'  Ellis  ap  John  Wynn 

Thomas  Williams  Johannes  Mathewe 

Thomas  Lewis  Howell  ap  Edward 

Johannes  Sontlley  Hago  ap  Howell. 

To  the  ffirst  artiole  the  said  Jaiie  doe  say  that  the  towneshipp  of  Brymbo, 
beeing  part  of  ye  said  manno\  is  bounded  from  Mynera  by  a  brooke  called 
Gwenfro,  by  a  common  there  called  Y  Eoed»  booth  by  the  south  side;  and 
firom  Flintshire  by  a  brooke  called  Avon  y  Frith,  running  from  a  common 
called  Nant  y  Frith  to  a  rive'  called  Kegidog ;  and  soe  the  said  Eegidog 
running  downeward  a  little  beyond  a  bridge  called  Font  y  Place  Mayne 
vppon  ye  north  side,  and  from  Gwersilt  by  a  little  brooke  called  y  Frwe,  and 
from  Broughton  by  a  little  brook  running  from  a  common  called  Harwood 
to  a  place  called  y  Groes  flMn  on  ye  east  side;  and  vpon  ye  west,  from  ye 
said  common  called  Nant  y  Frith  to  a  place  vpon  ye  said  common  called 
Maes  Maylo'  or  thereabouts ;  but  ye  certauie  boundes  of  ye  said  towneshipp 
vppon  ye  said  mountayne  or  common,  they  cannott  sett  downe.  And  they 
say  yt  the  towneshipp  of  Bersham,  beeing  part  of  ye  said  manno',  is  bounden 
from  Broughton  to  the  said  rive'  called  Gwenfro,  in  the  foresaid  place  called 
y  Groes  faen,  running  downewards  from  ye  said  Groes  iayen  to  a  ditch  called 
Klawdd  watt  on  ye  north  side,  and  from  Wrexham  by  ye  said  Klawdd  watt, 


CCIV  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

and  from  Minora  vpon  pact  of  ye  said  Coed  Poeth.  And  they  f>ay  that  the 
towneshipp  of  Eatlusham,  beeing  part  of  ye  said  manno*,  is  bounden  from 
Minora  by  a  little  purle  or  water  running  from  the  mountayne  called  Glas- 
bry,  downe  by  the  landes  called  Tir  Kelin,  and  so  to  Cly  wedog  vpon  ye  west 
by  the  landes  of,  Hagh  ap  I&obert  ap  Howell  in  ye  manno'  of  Minera^  and 
part  of  Glasorie,  and  part  of  ye  moantayne  towardes  y  Groes  Newydd ;  but 
the  certaine  boundes  vpon  ye  said  moantayne  they  cannot  sett  downe.  And 
from  Mortyn  Wallicoru'  by  a  brooke  called  Holbrooke,  through  certaine 
ffeildes  with  certaine  markes  knowne,  to  a  place  caUed  Aberderryn,  and  from 
thence  to  a  place  called  Penissa  Maeswdd  Eynelleth  to  a  brooke  called  yr 
Avon  Ddv ;  and  from  Morton  Anglicoru'  the  said  Avon  Ddv  doth  bounde  to 
ye  towneshipp  of  Erddig,  and  from  thence  to  Clywedoge,  ioyning  to  ye 
towneshippe  of  Bersham  in  ye  said  manno*.  And  they  say  that  the  towne- 
shipp  of  Xpioneth  Kenrick,  beeing  part  of  ye  same  manno',  is  bounded  from 
Xpioneth  Vechan  by  a  certain  brooke  called  Avon  gristionedd,  runninge 
downe  from  a  certaine  hill  called  Glasvry  almost  vnto  a  village  called  Pentre 
Xpioned';  and  from  Buabon  the  meere  goeth  through  certaine  fieldes  from 
the  said  Pentre  Xpioned'  to  the  Glondv,  and  so  by  the  river  Dee  to  a  bridge 
called  y  Bont  Newydd,  and  from  thence  by  a  place  called  Koed  Xpionedd, 
and  from  thence  to  a  brooke  called  Trefynant  vpon  the  south  side ;  and 
from  the  parish  of  Llangollen  it  is  bounded  from  the  said  Trefynant  to  a 
mountayne  called  Eylorfeag ;  but  the  certaine  boundes  thereof  vppon  the 
said  monntaynes  they  cannott  sett  downe. 

To  the  second  article  they  say  that  there  is  no  demeasnes  in  their  said 
manno',  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  third  article  the  said  Jury  doe  say  that  there  are  noe  freeholders 
in  the  same  manno\  to  their  knowledge,  but  what  are  sett  downe  in  theirs 
presentment ;  and  all  theire  rente  doe>  vppon  theire  names,  appeare  in  the 
said  p'sentment,  to  theire  knowledge. 

To  the  fourth  and  fifth  articles  they  say  that  the  persons  in  this  p'sent- 
ment  mentioned  to  hold  by  leases  are  the  Prince  his  Highnes  tennamintes 
by  leases,  or  customarie  tennante,  within  ye  said  manno',  and  doe  holds  ye 
said  messuages,  landes,  and  tenementes,  vppon  their  severall  names  sett 
downe,  and  doe  respectively  pay  for  the  same  the  severall  rentes  vpon  their 
names  appearing  by  lease  for  fortie  yeares,  and  so  from  fortie  to  fortie  for- 
eve',  and  doe  pay  two  yeares  rent  for  a  ffjme  vpon  ye  takinge  of  their  leasee, 
according  to  ye  composition  made  betweene  the  late  Queene  Elizabeth  of 
flfamous  memorie,  and  ye  tenannte  of  Bromfield  and  Tale,  in  the  ffowrth 
yeare  of  her  late  most  happie  reigne,  to  this  Juries  knowledge ;  theffect  of 
w'ch  composic'on  is  sett  downe  in  the  beginning  of  this  Survey,  wherernto. 
for  more  certainety,  this  Jury  do  referre  themselves.  And  this  Jury  doe  not 
knowe  of  anything  paied,  or  due  to  her  paide  by  any  of  the  said  tennants 
vpon  the  marriage  of  their  daughters. 

To  the  sixt  article  they  say  that  they  cannott  sett  downe  how  muche  or 
what  quantitie  of  commons  doe  belonge  to  this  manno',  for  that  they  ^le 
intercom moners  with  ye  manno'  of  Minora  Egloyseagle  and  Yale,  and  do 
not  know  any  certaine  boundes  vppon  ye  commons  betweene  ye  said  manno . 

To  the  seaventh  and  eighth  article  they  say  that  there  are  no  woods 
within  their  said  manno'  to  any  great  value ;  but  some  woods  there  are  vpon 
divers  of  the  said  tennants  termes,  both  woods  and  underwoods  of  birch* 
owlers,  and  hasell ;  w'ch  said  underwoods  the  tennants  do  vse  for  hedg^ 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCV 

boote  and  tmaell  for  fisnoiiig  their  gronades  as  need  requires,  and  for  other 
neoessarie  yse. 

And  this  Jurie  haue  heard  that  diners  of  the  said  tennannts  doe  cutt 
downe  trees  vpon  their  said  fermes  to  repaire  theire  howses  standing  there- 
vpon  as  needs  requires ;  but  what  lycence  they  have,  this  Jury  know  nott. 
And  they  say  that  there  is  no  parke,  no  warren,  at  all  in  this  manno',  to 
their  knowledge. 

To  the  nynth  and  tenth  articles  they  say  that  they  knowe  of  no  incrooh- 
mente  but  onely  snohe  oottages,  gardens,  and  parcelle  of  msste,  as  are  here- 
after specified  to  bee  vpon  ye  Prince  his  waste  (as  this  Jury  take  it),  that  all 
the  landee  in  this  manno'  are  helde,  &om  fortie  yeares  to  fortie  yeares,  as 
aforesaid,  excepting  the  freehold  w'ch  they  holde  freely;  and  that  there  is 
no  escheat  landes  there,  to  their  knowledge,  but  what  are  hereafber  specified. 

To  the  eleventh  article  they  say  that  there  is  a  coale  myne  and  lead  myne 
within  this  manno',  both  vsed  and  enioyed  of  S'r  Bichard  Grosveno*,  Knight ; 
but  by  what  right,  or  what  the  profit  may  bee  worth  by  the  yeare,  they 
knowe  not.  Also  there  is  within  this  manno'  quarreys  of  lyme,  w*ch  are 
taken  vpp  and  carried  by  the  Prince  his  freeholders  and  the  tennauntes  of 
Bromfield  for  the  bettering  of  their  groundes,  without  restraint  or  paying 
any  thing  for  the  same. 

To  the  twelfth  and  thirteenth  they  say  that  no  freeholde'  died  within  this 
manno'  without  heire  generall  or  speciall,  to  their  knowledge,  and  that  there 
is  no  towns  corporate  or  burrough  within  ye  said  manno'. 

To  the  fowreteenth  they  say  they  knowe  not  of  any  suche  ezchaunges  or 
vnlawftdl  inserting  of  landes  into  leases  as  are  demaunded  by  that  article. 

To  the  fifteenth  article  they  say  that  there  is  yppon  the  Prince  his  landes 
two  mills  in  this  manno',  in  the  tenure  of  Thomas  Powell  by  lease  of  40 
yeares ;  the  rent  xvj  d. ;  w'oh  are  no  custome  mills  (as  this  Jurie  take  it). 
An  other  mill  in  the  said  manno',  in  the  tenure  of  Edward  Loyd.  Howe  it 
is  held  they  knowe  not.    The  rent  is  zijd. 

To  the  sixteenth  article  they  say  that  the  commons  in  and  about  this 
manno'  doth  yeild  turfe,  furse,  heath,  and  fearne,  w'ch  the  tennauntes  and 
inhabitauntes  of  this  and  other  manners  adioyninge  doe  take  and  vse  for 
fuell  as  they  neede,  and  thinke  ye  same  doe  belong  to  them  as  appurte- 
naunces  to  their  landes  and  leases. 

To  the  seaventeenth  article  they  say  this  manno',  being  a  member  of  the 
lordshipp  of  Bromfield,  doth  serve  at  the  leete  and  law  daies  of  the  said  lord- 
shipp,  as  they  are  bounde  to  doe ;  and  that  they  pay  no  fynes,  headsilver, 
or  king's  silve';  but  that  they  pay  their  rente,  fynes,  and  aUenao'ons,  amer* 
ciam'ts  of  oourtes,  mizee,  and  all  other  paymente  for  their  rate  and  proper- 
tion,  as  other  the  tennauntes  and  inhabitauntes  of  ye  said  lordshipp  doe, 
when  and  as  often  as  ye  same  are  due. 

To  the  eighteenth  article  they  say  there  is  no  coppiholde  tenement  in 
decay  in  this  manno',  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  nineteenth  article  they  say  that  they  knowe  not  whether  the  casu* 
alties  mencioned  in  this  article  be  due  to  ye  Prince  his  Highnes  or  to  the 
King's  most  excellent  Ma'tie. 

To  the  twentieth  and  one  and  twentieth  articles  they  say  that  there  is  no 
fishing  or  fowling  in  this  manno',  but  vpon  ye  mountaynes  and  commons  in 
alid  about  this  manno'  do  breed  moore  cockes  and  g^owes,  w'ch  gentlemen 
of  ye  countrey  of  Chesshire  and  other  places  do  hawke  and  take  them  at 


CCVi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

some  fleasons  of  the  yeare.  They  say  that  there  is  no  markett  in  this 
manno'. 

To  the  two  and  three  and  twentith  articles  th^  say  that  th^  know  not 
of  any  rent  concealed  or  withheld  in  this  manno'«  no'  of  any  reprises  or  pay- 
mentes  going  oat  of  ye  same. 

To  the  fowre  and  twentith  article  they  say  that  they  knowe  of  no  other 
officer  that  belonges  to  this  manno'  in  p'ticnle'  but  bayliffe,  to  gather  the 
Prinoe  his  rent,  and  to  doe  other  serTioes  belonging  to  their  office ;  and  that 
the  Chief  Steward,  as  this  Jorie  have  crediblie  heard,  is  the  right  honorable 
John  Earle  of  Bridgewater;  and  that  John  Je£EHes,  Esq.,  John  Davies,  and 
and  Thomas  Foster,  Gent.,  are  his  deputies ;  and  that  Thomas  Trafford, 
Esq.,  is  Beoeayo';  bat  what  fees  they  or  either  of  them  hath,  this  June 
knoweth  not. 

To  the  five  and  twentith  article  they  say  that  there  is  no  benefices  within 
this  manno*. 

To  the  six  and  twentith  article  they  say  that  as  fiure  as  th^  can  finde 
and  leame,  that  the  old  and  accastomed  acre  in  theis  partes  and  in  most 
ooantries  next  adioyninge,  oonteyne  a  hundred  and  threescore  perches  to  the 
acre,  and  fowere  and  twenty  foote  to  the  pearche  or  pole ;  bat  the  oertainety 
thereof  they  cannott  sett  downe ;  bat  the  acres  mentioned  in  this  p'sent- 
ment  are  the  old  and  accastomed  acres. 


ESCLTJSHAM. 
HarL  MS.  3696, /o.  153  et  seq, 

LIBERI    TENENTIS. — BRYMBO. 

Bedd'  ii^d.  ex*. — Bobert  Soolley  tenet  ib'm  libere  Tnam  parcellam  in  doaa 
parcellas  diaise  vocat'  Tir  Coch  continen*  p*  estimat'o'em  3  a. 

Bedd'  xzjd. — Elizabetha  SoaUey  tenet  libere  ibidem  ynam  messaagia'  com 
pertinentiis  et  tres  parcellas  terr*  prima  pars  ynde  vocab'  y  tir  tan  y  derlwyn 
seoanda  &  blwch  tertia  vocat'  y  Wem  continen'  p'  eetimat'o'em  9  a« 

Bedd'  yjd.  ob. — Bichardas  Langfford  tenet  libe'  ib'm  daas  parcellas  terr^ 
none  diaiss'  in  qaatuo'  et  vnu'  cottagia'  sap'inde  ediflcat'  prima  et  2'da 
partes  ynde  Tocant'  kae  helig  tertia  et  qnarta  partes  yocat'  y  tansed  oonti- 
nen'  p'  estimat'o'em  10  a. 

Bedd'  gd.— Elizabetha  y'  Edward  tenet  ib'm  libe'  ynam  cottagia'  et  qa»- 
tao'  parcellas  terr'  yocat'  y  ooyd  towyll  continen'  p'  estimat'o'em  5  a. 

Bedd'  mjd. — Hago  Francis  tenet  libe'  ana'  cottagia'  cam  pert^enciis  et 
tres  parcellas  terr*  yocaf  Tir  y  deri  cont'  p'  estimac'o'em  6  a. 

Bedd'  rvjd.— Johannes  ap  John  ap  Edward^  tenet  ib'm  noyem  parcellas 
terr'  cum  pertinentiis  prima  pars  ynde  karskubo'  2'ds  kaer  Owen  3'tia  y 
weirglodd  y  pull  du  4'ta  &  Erwy  5'ta  kaer  yedwyn  6'ta  kae  gwyn  7'ma  kae 
Fenn  ap  Adda  8'ya  y  weirglodd  kae  Jenkyn  9' ma  kae  Fenn'  continen'  p'  esti- 
mao'o'em  15  a. 


^  John  ab  John  ab  Edward  ab  David  ab  leuan  ab  lenkyn  ab  Llewelyn  ab 
Ithel  Gooh  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Madog  ab  Einion  ab  Madog  ab  Bleddyn,  fourth 
son  of  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.    (See  pedigree.) 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCVll 

Eedd*  ziigd. — Edwardus  ap  Bichard  tenet  ib'm  vn'  meflsaag*  oa'  pertinen- 
taifl  et  ooto  paxcellaa  terr*  prima  pars  ynde  et  aecanda  yooatit*  r  Enr  ywch 
pen  7  ty  er  7  bryn  3'tia  7  wem  yechan  4ta  7  wem  garie  5'ta  7  tir  rhwng  7 
ddwy  wem  6'ta  r  Erwe  ganegogg  7  r  Enre  r  ff7naon  dda  S'va  maai  7  garreg 
lw7d  oontinen'  p'  eetimat'  14  a. 

Bedd'  x^d. — Edwardus  ap  Bobert  tenet  vna'  oottagia'  oom  pertinenoiis 
et  qnatno'  paroeUae  terr'  on'  pertinent'  yooat  prima  pars  7  bir  Erwe  a'da  et 
3'tia  partes  Kae  ll'nn  dda  4'ta  7  Nant  Kae  U*nm  dda  continent'  p'  estima- 
c'o'em  10  a. 

Bedd'  iig«.  ex'.— Bobertus  ap  Edward  tenet  ib'm  duo  oottagia  oum  perti- 
nentiis  et  qnatno'  p'oellas  terr*  prima  pars  vnde  yocat'  E[aer  be7llan  2'da  7r 
kae  banadle  3'tia  7  wem  7  pistill  4  7  wem  rh7d7nog  oontinen'  p'  estima- 
o'o'em  9  a. 

Bedd'  iiijf.  ii^d.  ex'. — Johannes  Bees  ap  Hugh  tenet  ynn'  messnagin'  onm 
pertinent'  et  ynn'  oottagin'  cum  sex  paroellas  terr*  prima  pars  yooat'  7  Ka7 
7n  ypnell  7  t7  2'da  r  Erw  yerr*  3'tia  7  Hirdir  issa  ^'ta  hirdir  ytha  5'ta  Erw 
Uenka  yeoban  6'ta  Erw  lenkn  issa  oontinen'  p'  estimat'  9  a. 

Bedd'  x:gd. — Idem  Johannes  Bees  tenet  libe'  ib'm  qnatno'  paroellas  nnp' 
terr'  S'r  ap  Edward  ap  Morgan  prima  pars  ynde  yooat'  7  hirdir  hirid  s'da  7 
hirdri  yoha  3'tia  7  hirdir  issa  4'to  7  wierglodd  yethan  tont  p'  estimao'o'em 
ID  a. 

Bedd'  x^d. — Edwardus  Meredith  tenet  septem  paroellas  terr'  prima  pars 
ynde  yocat'  7  ko7d  secunda  yooat'  7  ko7d  3'tia  yocat  7  yron  4'ta  7  weirglodd 
7  m7n7dd  5'ta  gwerglodd  7  Nant  6'ta  7r  Erw  las  7'ma  7  Coe  nup'  terr*  Joh'is 
ap  John  Hugh  oontinen'  p'  estimat'  9  a. 

Bedd'  y\jd. — WiU'mus  ap  Edward  tenet  ib'm  vn'  oottagin'  oum  pertinen- 
ciis  cum  quatuor  paroellas  terr*  ynde  prima  pars  yocat'  7  tir  7  br7n  2  7r  Erw 
3  pen  7  g  wr7ch  et  4'ta  pen  7  gwr7ch  issa  oontinen'  p'  estimat'  9  a. 

Bichardus  Grosyenor  miles  tenet  ib'm  yid'  miner  carboum'  in  Gomnn' 
yocat'  Harwood  et  tot  miner  oarbonum  de  Principe  infra  peroohiam  de  Wrex- 
ham yt  hi  Juratores  credibile  informati  sunt  ex  d'no  Bege  Magistat'  in  lib'e 
socagio  yt  de  Manor  de  Hampton  Court  p'  oonoesse'  dat  yicesimo  die  Maii 
a'o  quarto  Edwardi  sexti  [a.d.  155 i]. 

.Bedd'  iuja. — Idem  Bichardus  tenet  yn'  messnagin'  ou'  p'tinen'  in  tennra 
Johannis  Williams  nnnt'  diuis*  in  Koye'  paroellas  et  unn'  ad  tenementu' 
Willi  m'  Tud7  nunc  in  tres  paroellas  diuis'  oontinen'  in  toto  per  estimat'o'em 
18  a. 

Bedd'  igs.  ii^d. — Idem  Bichardus  tenet  ynn'  tenementu'  in  tennra  Boberti 
Llo7d  yocat'  7  gerthi  gleission  nunc  in  tres  paroellas  diniss'  oontinen'  p'  esti- 
mat' I  a.  I  r. 

Bedd'  ii^s.  ixd. — Howell  ap  Edward  tenet  ib'm  unn'  messnagin'  oum  per- 
tinendis  et  duas  paroellas  terr*  ynde  prima  yooat'  7  weirglodd  et  secunda 
yocat'  7  dxyll  dibni  nunc  in  septem  seperal'  p'cell'  fact'  nup'  terr*  Johannis 
ap  Edward  ap  Bobert  ap  Morgan  Llo7d  oontinen'  p'  estimat'  9  a. 

Bedd'  ^«.— Johannes  Gwjnn  tenet  ib'm  yn'  messuag'  cum  p'tinenciis  in 
tenura  Joh'is  Ward  cu'  decem  p'cell'  terr*  i  yocat'  7  g^em  7  gam  2  Dr7ll  7 
bolgrath  3  7  Coppie  4  r  Erw  Llu'an  5  Erw  yechan  6  r  Erw  gam  7  7  ka7 
pyedd  8  7  kae  rhed7n  9  krw  genrick  ap  Hoya  10  7  trowsdir  cont'  p'  estimat' 
15  a. 

Bedd'  yi^d. — Johannes  ap  Howell  tenet  unum  oottagin'  cum  pertinenoiis 
et  yn'  oroft  eidem  pertinen'  oontinen'  p'  estimat'o'em  1  r. 


CCVIU  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  xxi\j«.  xd, — ^Will'mus  Bobinson^  Armige'  tenet  thu'  measoagiu'  oam 
pertinenoiis  in  tennra  Boberti  Qraff*  oum  tresdecem  parcellaa  terr*  continen' 
p'  estimac'o'em  60  a. 

Et  de  redd'  omni*  p'cellara'  sequen'  dicitor  aatem  fore  zziy«.  xd. — Idem 
tenet  duas  dausaras  terr'  nup'  terr*  Hugo'is  Poleston  vocat'  Eithin  TngUarad 
et  kay  mab  y  gwr  continen'  p'  estimat'  6  a. 

Idem  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  cnm  p'tinenciia  in  tennra  Boberti  Mathewes 
nup'  terr*  Hngonis  Puleston  vocat*  le  Brithdir  cont*  p'  est*  30  a. 

Idem  Will'mus  Bobinson  tenet  vna'  parcellam  fundi  in  tennra  Edwardi  ap 
Bichard  Vechan  nup'  terr*  Hugonis  Puleston  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  6  a. 

Idem  tenet  unu'  messnagiu'  cum  pertinenoiis  et  qaindem  paroellas  ten* 
nup'  terr*  Hngonis  Paleston  continen*  p*  estimat'  50  a. 

Idem  tenet  unum  messuagium  en'  pertinen'  nuper  in  tenura  Johannis  ap 
Bees  continen*  p'  estimac'o*em  35  a. 

Idem  tenet  unu*  messuagiu'  cu*  pertinenoiis  in  tenura  Johannis  ap  Howell 
et  sex  p*cellas  terr'  continen*  p*  estimat*  20  a. 

Idem  tenet  una'  messuagiu*  cum  pertinenoiis  in  tenura  Hugonis  C^ruflToom 
quinq*  p'cell*  terr'  continen'  p'  estimat'  12  a. 

Idem  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  cum  p'tinenciis  in  tennra  Johannis  Boberte 
geebon  et  quinq*  parcellas  terr*  continen'  p*  estimat'  16  a. 

Idem  tenet  duas  parcellas  terr*  in  tenur*  Bichardi  Or*  puer  sui  continen' 
p'  estimat'o'em  4  a. 

Idem  tenet  libe'  quatuor  parcellas  terr'  in  tenur'  Thome  ap  Morgan  oont' 
p'  estimat'  8  a. 

Bedd'  i^s.  zi^d.  ex'.  — Bobertus  Gruffith  tenet  libe'  quinque  parcellas  terr' 
▼nde  prima  yocat'  Erw  r  Yallen  secunda  Erw  Meonduol  3  Hoel  Walter  4'ta 
Kae  Madd'  dda  vcha  5  y  crachdir  in  duas  p'cellas  diuis*  continen'  p'  estima- 
c'o'em  20  a. 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ex*.— Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  tezre  vocat*  Kae  Madd'  dda 
nup'  terr'  Will'mi  Bobinson  Armigeri  continen'  p'  estimao'o'em  3  a. 

Bedd'  ii\js.  ii\jd.  ex\— Idem  tuu'  messuag'  cum  p'tinent'  et  novem  paroel- 
las terr'  vnde  i  vocat'  kaer  llwidig  2  Kaer  Eull  3  2  acre  talar  4  y  wem  dda 
5  Eae  merich  6  r  allt  dda  add  7  y  weirglodd  y  wem  ddu  8  Coyd  kas  pockin 
9  weirglodd  kaer  lldian  nup'  terr'  Geor'  Salisbury  tenet  p'  est'  40  a. 

Bedd'  Yi^s. — Thomas  Buckley  tenet  quatuo'  tenementa  cum  pertinenoiis 
nuper  terr'  Edwardi  Johnes  probitione.    Attinct'. 

Bedd'  xiijs.  ii^d.  ex'. — Johannes  Gruffith  generos*^  tenet  libe*  vnu*  capital' 
messuagiu*  cum  pertinen'  et  diners'  p'cell'  terr'  eidem  pertinen'. 


1  William  Bobinson  of  GwersyUt  Isaf  in  the  parish  of  Gresford,  and  of 
Mynachdy  in  Anglesey,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  1630,  and  for 
Anglesey  in  1632.  He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Nicholas  Bobinson,  D.G.L.,  one 
of  the  Council  for  the  Court  of  the  Marches,  and  Bishop  of  Bangor  from 
1566  to  1585,  who  alienated  the  Skerries  and  Mynachdy  in  Anglesey  from 
the  see  of  Bangor  in  favour  of  one  of  his  sons.  William  Bobinson  of  Myn- 
achdy and  Gwersyllt,  the  last  heir  male  of  this  family,  perished  in  a  storm, 
on  his  return  from  a  sporting  excursion  on  the  Skerries.  (See  pedigree.) 
Arms,  quarterly,  i  and  4  argent;  2  and  3  gules,  a  fret  or;  over  all  a  fess  verl. 
John  Griffiths  of  Brymbo,  eldest  son  of  Bobert  Griffiths  of  Brymbo,  Esq., 
and  Catherine  his  wife,  daughter  of  John  Eyton  of  Coed  y  lAai  (Leeswood), 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS  Ccix 

Idem  tenet  libe' vnu'  tenementa'com  pertinenoiis  in  tennra  Boberti  Baphe 
et  octo  paroellas  eidem  p'tinen*. 

Idem  tenet  libe'  ima'  messoagin'  cam  p'tinen'  in  tenora  Boberti  Mathew 
et  deoem  parceUas  terr*  eidem  p'tinen'. 

Idem  tenet  libe'  yna'  tenementu'  com  p'tinen'  in  tennr*  Groffith  ap  John 
et  al*  cnm  vna  p'oell'  terr*  vocat'  biyn  Hoell  in  septem  parcellas  seperal's 
dinias'  390  a. 

Idem  tenet  vnu'  cottagia'  cum  pertinendis  in  tenora  Itell  ap  John  ap 
Mathew. 

Idem  tenet  libe*  vna'  tenementn'  ca'  p'tinenciis  in  tennra  Thome  Yonnge 
cnm  diuersis  p'ceUis  vooat'  pen  y  graig  al's  Maes  y  graig  nnno  in  septe'  par- 
cellas diniss'  et  vnam  parceUa'  pars  diet'  Maes  y  graig  cnm sub  not' 

selion'  tire  metis  Anglioe  mder  knowne  meeres  or  bound'  longitud'  cz 

Johannis  Bees  ap  Hugh  Biyerl  ib'm  rocat'  aber  y  rhyd  tu  et  latitud'  ex  tone- 
mento  dicti  Thome  Young  diet'  Met'  ib'm  extant'  adiungen'  ad  Comm'  ib'm 
Yocat'  Mynydd  Harwodd. 

Idem  tenet  libe'  vnam  aliam  p'oellam  terr*  vocat'  y  Kay  byohan  in  tennra 
Bogeri  Key  que  om'ia  premiss'  iacen'  in  Brymbo  nnp'  terr*  Gmffith  ap  Ed- 
ward ap  Morgan  et  omn'  prenominat'  claass'  pastor*  bost'  prat'  et  terr*  arra- 
bil'  subboec'  continent'  in  toto  per  estimat'o'em. 

Bedd'  izfl.  :^({.  ob'  q'  ex'. — Idem  Johannes  Gmffith  tenet  vnn'  messnag* 
com  pertinent'  et  dinerss'  p'cell'  terr*  nnp'  terr*  Boberti  SonHey  oontinen'  p' 
estimat'. 

Bedd*  ZXT9.  vjd, — Johannes  Dauid  tenet  ib'm  vnn'  messnagin'  cum  per- 
tinendis et  dinerss'  parceOas  terr*  eidem  ptinen'  vnde  prima  pars  yocat' 
y  Kay  koch  2'da  y  ddol  3  y  wetrglodd  y  Kay  koch  4  y  kae  kam  5'ta  gweirg 
lodd  y  kae  kam  6  y  kae  gnrair  7  y  kae  gweinth  et  yn'  cottagin'  et  gardin'  et 
qnartno'  p'oellas  terr*  eidem  pertinen*  ynde  prima  pars  yocat'  y  gerddi  gleis- 
ion  2'da  Erw  r  berllan  3*tia  Erwhir  4  kay  koyd  nnnc  in  dnas  paroellaa  diuiss' 
oontinen'  p'  estimat'. 

Bedd'  yd.— Lilly  Morgan  tenet  ▼nn'^  cottagin'  et  ynam  parcellam  terr' 
yocat'  Erwr  hendur  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  2  r. 

Bedd'  ii\jd. — Hugo  ap  Howell  Joh'es  ap  Bicharde  Edward  ap  Bichard 
Phillip  Jo.  Bondle  John  ap  William  Powell  tenent  coniunotim  ysu'  cottagiu' 
ynam  parcellam  terre  yocat' y  brithdir  none  in  poesessione  Hugonis  a  powell 
essen'  indiyiss  inter  illos  sed  dietns  Hugo  ap  Howell  tenet  al'  parcell'  com 
sua  per  dimissionem  ez  altris  partibns  que  om'ia  continent  in  toto  per  esti- 
mac'o'em 20  a. 

Johannes  Boberts  tenet  ynam  p'cella'  terr'  yocat'  Kay  U'en  oontinen'  p' 
estimac'o'em  3  a. 

The  rents  of  this  is  paid  amonngst  other  his  laodes  in  Esdnsham. 

Bedd'  i\j<.  ii\)d.  Bersham. — Thomas  Gouldsmith  tenet  sex  dauss'  terr*  cum 
pertinendis  in  Bersham  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  15  a. 

Bedd'  ii\j(?. — Idem  tenet  yn'dauser' terr' oontinen' per  estimac'o'em  i  a.2  r. 

Esq.,  and  Jane  his  wife,  daughter  of  John  Lloyd  ab  Tudor  of  Bodidris  in 
Yale,  Esq.  The  said  Bobert  Grifflths  was  the  eldest  son  of  Gruf^dd  ab  Ed- 
ward ab  Morgan  ab  David  ab  Madog  of  Brymbo,  second  son  of  Dayid  Ck>ch 
ab  David  Hen  of  Burton  in  Esdusham ;  descended  from  Sanddef  Hardd, 
lord  of  Morton  and  Burton.  Vert,  sem^  of  broomslips,  a  lion  rampant  or, 
armed  and  langued  guleg. 

2b 


CCX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  iiys.  iijd.— Hngo  Johnes  tenet  yna'  xneBsaag*  oa'  pertinen'  cam  sep- 
tern  p'cellas  terr*  cont'  p'  eetimaf  13  a. 

Idem  Hugo  Johnes  tenet  tree  seliones  yocat'  bryn  y  vron  et  terdam  par- 
tem de  le  Errow  yncbem  y  bont  oontinen*  p'  estimac'o'em  2  a. 

Bedd'  zd. — Johannes  Parry  tenet  in  jare  Txoris  vn'  oottagiu'  et  Tn'p'oeUa' 
terr*  yog'  r  dew  vuch  y  ty  2  iacen'  in  Bry mbo  too'  y  tir  Ooch  oont'  p'  estim'  5  a. 

Bedd'  zd.— Baaid  ap  Biohard  tenet  ib'm  en'  ten't'  tres  p'cellas  ten'  oonti- 
nen'  per  estimac'o'em  5  a. 

Bedd'  Y8.  -vTJd. — Johannes  Wynn  ap  John  ap  Edward  tenet  duo  meBsnagiit 
infra  vill'  de  Esclnsham  nuper  terr'  Edwardi  Jones  vt  snpra  5  a. 

Bedd'  i\jd. — Idem  Johannes  Wynn  tenet  doas  parcellas  terr*  i  vocat'  gwem 
lemm  2  Erw  yr  fforsley  contin'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Bedd'  zvjd. — Hered'  Hugonis  ap  John  Danid  tenent  vnn'  messnag'  et  tres 
parcellas  terr'  i  vocat'  y  kae  tan  y  ty  2  kaer  skubo'  3  kae  Uoyd  oontinen'  per 
estimac'o'em  6  a. 

Bedd'  zvjef. — Galfridns  ap  Bichard  tenet  vn'  messuagfcam  pertinen' et  tres 
parcellas  terr'  i  vocaf  r*  Erow  hir  2'da  y  kae  glas  3  yr  Erow  groan  continen* 
p'  estimat'  7  a. 

Bedd'  Yd,  ez'.— Hnmfridus  ap  Hagh  tenet  vn'  meesoag'  et  qoataor  parcel- 
las terr*  i  too'  y  kae  kow'aog  2'da  y  ddol  3  y  wem  issa  et  4'ta  yr  Erw  vawr 
p'  estimac'o'em  5  & 

Bedd'  vijd,  ez'. — Hugo  Griffith  tenet  lib'e  tria  oottagia  cam  sez  parcellas 
terr*  i  yocat'  y  kae  tan  y  ty  2'da  Erw  Wenith  3  r  Erw  ganol  4'ta  gwem  y 
velin  5'ta  r  Erw  ddit  6  r  Erw  y  glan  yr  avon  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  4  a. 

Bedd'  ij8.  yd. — Thomas  Lewis  tenet  vn'  messaag*  cam  pertinen'  et  quinq' 
parcellas  terr*  i  voc'  y  kae  tan  y  Uwyn  2'da  r  Erw  voeg  3  kae  Maddoo  ap 
Ithell  4  Erow  vadog  Coch  5'ta  gwem  y  gilrach  nnnc  seperal'  diniss*  in  sep- 
tem  parcellaB  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  15  a. 

Bedd'zd. — Jacobas  ap  Bobeit  tenet  vn'  messaagia'cam  tertinen'cam  octo 
parcellis  terr'  prim'  toc  y  wem  goidiog  2'da  pwll  y  whyad  3  y  kae  artu  hwnt 
yr  yskabo  4  r  Erw  hrr*  5  y  kae  ty  hwnt  yr  ty  6  y  kae  y  ffilawe  ffowld  7  y 
llwynder  8  r  Erowe  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  11  a. 

Bedd'  zii^d. — Will'mns  ap  Edward  tenet  dno  tenem'ta  cam  pertinent'  et 
qaataor  parcellas  terr*  i  Tocat'  y  place  hwen'  2  y  wer  hwen  3  y  kae  da  4  kae 
GrufiT  ap  Adda  cent'  p'  estimac'  5  a. 

Bedd'  zj^'d. — Bichardas  ap  Bobert  tenet  vn'  messaag'  yocat'  y  tythyn  ym- 
hew'  y  bont  in  sez  parcellas  diuis'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  9  a. 

Bedd'ii^d.  ez'. — Hugo  ap  Edward  tenet  vna'  parcellas  terr'  vocat'  peudda 
nunc  in  duas  parcellas  diuiss'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  3  a. 

Bedd'  zvjd. — Johannes  ap  Bichaxd  tenet  duo  cottag*  cum  tribus  p'cellis 
terr*  cam  pertinen'  vocat'  yr  hanod  vndur  vcha  in  2  parcell'  diuiss'  yr  hanod 
vndur  issa  3  r  Erw  drawin  tont'  p'  estimac'  1 1  a. 

Bedd'  \J9.  iiijd. — Dauid  ap  Bobert  ap  Hugh  tenet  vna'  messuagiu'  cum 
pertinen'  et  vnu'  cottagiu'  in  tenura  Edwardi  ap  William  cam  vndeoe'  p'cel- 
lis eidem  messuag'  p'tinen'  i  vocaf  y  brynn  2'da  bryn  y  pentre  3  Nant  Uetty 
ddy  4  lletty  dd'  nunc  in  quatuor  parcellas  diuis'  5  y  weirglodd  vechan  6  y 
tir  du  7  kae  Newydd  vcha  8  kae  Newydd  issa  9  r  Erwyn  y  kae  Newydd  10  r 
hanfryn  1 1  y  kae  Czypill  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  3  a. 

Bedd'  vjd. — Thomas  Williams  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  cum  pertinent'  cam 
sez  parcellas  terr'  eidem  p'tin'  i  voc't  brumint  vcha  nunc  in  duas  paicell' 
diuis'  2'da  y  brvnant  issa  3  gwem  y  kull  vcha  4  kae  glas  5  kae  enkan  6blaen 
y  kae  enkan  fown  dill  howell  et  7  drill  howell  continen'  p'  estimaf  18  a. 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCxi 

Bedd'  in  his  rents  of  his  land  in  Brimbo. — Will'mns  Bobinson  Armige' 
tenet  vnnm  meesaagiu'  oum  pertinen'  yooat'  havod  7  Bhechdir  nnno  in 
tenura  WiU'mi  ap  John  ap  Harry  oontinen'  p'  estimaf  6  a. 

Bedd'  viigd. — Bogenie  ap  William  tenet  vnu'  messna^  cam  pertinen'  et 
diners'  parcellas  terr*  eidem  p'tin'  i  vocat'  kae  Jenn'  ap  Heilin  in  tree  sepe- 
ral'  p'ceir  diais'  2'da  y  pale  in  dnas  p'ceUas  dinis'  oontinen'  p'  estimac'  7  a. 

Bedd'  viyd. — ^Bogeros  ap  Edward  tenet  vna'  messnagin'  com  pertinen*  et 
doas  parcellas  terr'  eidem  pertinen*  i  vocat'  Galledr  erow  ortn  issa  yr  pedd 

2  kae  Maddock  koch  nunc  in  tree  parcellas  dioiss'  oontinen'  per  estimao'  8  a. 
Bedd'  vjjd, — Idem  Bogenis  tenet  tres  paroellas  terr*  vocat'  y  dall  brwynog 

▼tha  y  deill  brwynog  issa  3  y  acre  ygUyn  nunc  in  doas  parocQlas  fact'  oonti- 
nen' per  estimac'o'em  7  a. 

Bedd'  ii\js.  xd. — Ghruffith  Mathewes  tenet  vn'  meesaag'oum  pertinent'  nnp' 
terr*  Danidi  ap  John  de  groes  voel  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  70  a. 

Bedd'  \j«.  yjd. — Idem  C^roffith  'enet  duo  messaag'  c'm  p'tinen'  et  dinis'  par- 
cellas terr'  cont'  p'  estimaf  42  a. 

Bedd'  yf . — EUzabetha  Boberts  et  Bichardns  Bobertns  tenet  vnu*  messua- 
gin'  on'  pertinen'  in  qao  Edwardns  Phillipps  nnnc  inhabitat  et  deoem  par- 
oellas terr'  eidem  pertinen'  i  too'  y  llwyn  ona  2'da  yr  Erow  tan  y  berllan 

3  r  Erow  hir  4  r  heol  5  r  y  thesna  6  grweirglodd  y  chesoa  7  y  pant  yr  ychesna 
8  r  henblas  9  et  10  dnas  p'cell'  terr*  iacen'  in  p'cella  terr*  vocat'  y  kae  New- 
ydd  que  vlt'  redt'  p'oeU'  aliqoando  fuer*  terr*  Johannis  Sonlley  Ar*  oontinen' 
p'  estimaf  16  a. 

Bedd'  \jd. — Edwardns  Phillipps  tenet  vn'  cottagin'  et  dnas  acras  terr' 
eidem  pertinen'  in  quo  Johanna  v'  Dauid  nunc  inhabitat  aliquando  terr*  Jo- 
hannis Erthig^  de  Erthig  defuncf  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em. 

Bedd'  igd.  ex'. — Edwardns  Sonlley  tenet  ynn'  messuag*  et  vn'  cottag*  cum 
pertinent'  et  quinq'  parcell'  terr*  i  vocaf  y  keykie  2'da  y  weirglodd  3  tir  da 

4  r  erwge&og  5  r  erw  gronn  oontinen'  p'  estimaf  10  a. 

Bedd'  xd.  ex'. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcella'  terr'  nunc  seperal'  dinis'  in  duas 
parcellas  vocaf  kae  Eduenett  Uoyd  aliquando  terr*  Thome  Traffbrd  Armi- 
geri  touf  p'  estimac'o'em  6  a. 

Bedd'  Tj$.  ex'. — Johannes  Sonlley  tenet  vnu'  messnagiu'  cum  pertinent'  et 
duodecim  parcellas  terr'  i  voo'  r  hen  gae  issa  2  r  hen  gae  voha  nunc  in  duas 
parcellas  terr'  diuis'  3  kae  Madd'  y  dagan  issa  4  y  kae  Madd'y  y  dagan  voha 
p's  vlf  recitaf  p'cell'  lac'  in  Morton  Wallicom'  5  y  Cocksutt  6  r  Erowe  ddol 
7  kae  kannol  8  bzyn  y  pys  9  y  Weme  p's  Edneuett  Uoyd  10  tyddin  ll?ryn 
II  r  Erow  vchan  12  y  Kant  conf  p'  estimac'o'em  40  a. 

Bedd'  VJ8.  ixd. — Dorothea  Ellys'  tenet  vnu'  messnagiu'  oum  pertinent'  nup' 
terr'  Edwardi  Johnes  de  alta  proditione  attincf  que  tenent  (vt  Jurator'  pred' 

^  John  Erddig  of  Erddig  or  Enrddig,  Esq.,  who  died  before  this  survey  was 
made  ( 1620),  was  the  son  of  John  Wynn  Erddig  ab  Edward  Erddig  ab  John 
ab  David  Gooh  of  Erddig,  ab  Howel  ab  leuan  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Gmfl^dd  ab 
lorwerth  f^ohan  ab  lorwerth  ab  leuaf  ab  Niniaf  ab  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon. 
Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules.  The  Erddig  estate 
was  sold  in,  or  soon  after,  1638  to  John  Edisbury  of  Pentref  Clawdd,  Esq. 
(CaeCyriogMS.) 

'  Dorothea  Ellys,  relict  of  Humphrey  Ellis  of  Alrhey,  Esq.,  and  daughter 
and  ooheiress  of  Edward  Johnes  of  Plas  Cadwgan,  Esq. 


■ 


CCXii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

credibil'  infarmant)  p'  eonoessioiiem  nap*  dnaB'cia  EUzabetba  vt  de  manerio 
de  East  €h*eenwioh  in  oomitat'  kanc*. 

Bedd'  ixs. — Alicia  Hughes  tenet  sex  parcellas  terr*  in  Bryn  r  Owen  earn 
pertinenoiiB  i  voc'  kay  U'm  goch  Nesa  yr  ty  2  Kay  U'm  gocli  nesa  ir  aaon 
3  y  Wydd  syd  4  y  ddol  5  y  tir  gwenith  6  y  weirglodd  oontinen'  p'  eetim'  60  a. 

Bedd'  ^<. — Idem  AJida  tenet  vna'  tenementa*  in  tenura  Daaid  ap  John 
ap  Morgan  et  qoataor  paroellas  terr'  eidem  pertinen'  1  vocat'  y  kae  bir  eiha 
2'da  y  kae  bir  neea  vity  3  r  Erw  veriog  4'ta  r  £rw  glai  or  tu  issa  ir  Ifordd 
nnp'  terr*  diet'  Edwardi  Johnee  attinot'  vt  saper  continen'  p*  estimac'o'eni. 

Bedd'  zzd.— Biohardus  Dauiee  de  London  tenet  vnu*  meBsuagin'  nop'  per- 
qoisit'  de  Daoid  Yale  in  tenora  Johannia  Bobert  ap  leu'n  oontinen'  per  esU- 
mao'o'em  8  a. 

Bedd'  iiijd. — Idem  BichardnB  tenet  vnam  parcella'  prati  nop'  perqaiait'  de 
dicto  Daaid  Tale  aliqaando  in  tenor*  Johannia  ap  Hagh  ^  Hagh  oontinen' 
p'  est*  4  a. 

Bedd*  x|jd. — Johannes  Bobert  ap  lea'n  tenet  duo  messaag*  com  pertinent' 
in  Esclasham  cam  diaers*  paroeUis  terr*  cont*  p*  estimat'  12  a. 

Bedd'^d. — Maria  Backley  tenet  onum  tenementa' cam  pertinenciis  et  tres 
paroeUas  terr*  i  vooat*  y  kay  da  2*da  r  Erow  leohwedd  3  r  Erow  tan  y  ty  oon- 
tinen* p'  estimac*o*em  6  a. 

Bedd*  iy«.  tjd. — Hago  ap  ll*wen  gattyn  tenet  in  messaag*  com  pertinenc' 
et  noFcm  parcellas  terr*  contin*  p'  estimaoo*am  10  a. 

Bedd*  i^s.  ii^d.  ex*. — Johannes  Ghrafflth  tenet  vn*  me8saagia*0ttm  pertinent' 
et  qoinqae  paroellas  terr*  continen*  p*  estimac*oem  12  a. 

Bedd*  igc. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  Howell  tenet  ynu'  messuag*  cum  pert!- 
nent*  none  dials*  in  doas  paroeUas  et  daas  paroell*  terr*  continen'  p*  estim»- 
c*o*6m  8  a. 

Bedd*  xd.— Johannes  Daoid  tenet*  vn*  messni^a*  cam  pertinent*  etTnam 
paroella*  terr*  contin*  p'  estimao*o*em  3  a. 

Bedd*  xigd. — Hago  ap  Ellis  tenet  vna*  messaag*  oa*  pertinen*  et  daas  par- 
oellas terr*  seperal*  dials*  continen*  p*  estimac'oem  i  a.  2  r. 

Bedd*  nijd, — Will* mas  ap  Bobert  ap  Edward  tenet  vna'  messaagiu'  cam 
pertinen*  et  qaatoor  parcellas  terr*  cont*  p*  estioiac'o'em  3  a. 

Bedd*  iif.  ^d. — Bichardas  ap  John  tenet  vn'  messuag*  ca'  p'tin*  et  qoataor 
parcellas  terr*  continen*  per  estimac*o'em  6  a. 

Bedd*  iyt.— Bob'tas  ap  Ll'enn  yn*  messuag'  cu*  p'tin*  aliqoand*  terr*  Will'i 
Johnes  Tooat*  Cestr*  cont*  p*  estimat*  3  a. 

Bedd'  vjd. — Bobert  as  ap  ll*enn  pred*  tenet  vna*  tenement*  cum  pertinent' 
et  vnam  parcellam  terr*  vocat'  kay  eithin  nop'  terr*  Johannis  ap  Bichard 
contin*  p*  estimac'o'em  5  a. 

Bedd*  v\js. — Edwardos  Meredith  tenet  duo  seperal*  messuag'  cum  perti- 
nen* nap'  terr*  Johannis  Bobert  ap  Edward  et  viginti  et  novem  p'cell'  terr' 
oontinen*  p'  eetimao*o*em  60  a. 

Bedd*  xvd. — Idem  Edwardos  Meredith  tenet  qainque  parcellas  terr*  nap' 
terr*  Johanms  ap  Bichard  con'  p*  estimac*o*em  19  a. 

Bedd*  xd. — Idem  Edwardos  Meredith  tenet  vn'  tenement*  in  tenura  Ed- 
wardi Swymerton  nop*  tezr*  Johannis  Bandle  existen'  septem  parcell*  contin* 
p'  estimac*o*em  9  a. 

Bedd*  vjd. — Johannes  Daoid  et  vx*  tenent  tres  parcell'  continen*  p'  esti- 
mat* 12  a. 

Bedd*  vjd.— Johannes  ap  Hugh  ap  Edward  ten*  vn'  messuagiu*  cam  perti- 
nen* et  diaers*  cont'  p'  estimac'o'em  14  a. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXUl 

Bedd'  ii^t.  ijd. — ^BicliardaB  ap  Ellys  Todar  tenet  tilq'  mflsniAg'  com  per- 
tinen*  et  qainq'  p*oell'  terr'  oontmen*  p'  estimat'  8  a. 

Bedd'  xijci. — Anna  T'r  John  et  Ellen  r'r  John  tenent  vn'  mesB'  ea'  p'tin' 
ei  lo'tem  p'ceir  terr'  cont'  p*  estimat'  i6  a. 

Bedd'  Ti^jt.  Ti\jd. — Bowlandus  ap  Haghes  tenet  vn'  messoagiu' cam  perti- 
neneiis  et  diaerB'  paroell'  terr*  eidem  p'tinen'  prima  pars  Tnde  yocat'  bryn' 
7  f^non'  secnnda  Erwe  r  groes  3'tia  y  Weirglodd  tan  y  ty  ^ta  weirglodd 
hir  5'ta  y  ddol  6'ta  kae  dd'  /tima  bryn  vrun'  8Va  dd'au  Dwnadir  9'ma  y 
▼ownog  lo'ma  talken  y  ty. 

Idem  tenet  ib'm  vnu'  messuag*  cum  pertinen'  vocat'  y  ty  ynol  kae  heilyn 
cam  diners'  p'cell'  terr*  voo'  Erw  y  Corksute  yddol  tan  y  ty  y  wem  vechan 
kae  dd'  erwen  hach  y  ddan  kae  tan  y  plas  65  a. 

Idem  tenet  ib'm  vn'  cottagiu'  cam  parcell'  terr'  Yooat'  y  vownog. 

Idem  tenet  vn'  messaagia'  et  daas  paroellas  terr*  vocat'  bryn  y  earn  eidem 
messoag'  p'tinen'  qne  omn'  pertioalar*  olaas'  continen'  p'  est'  in  toto. 

Bedd'  payede  in  Brimbo. — Will'mos  Bobinaon  Armige'  tenet  vn  mess'  cam 
pertinen'  in  t^iar*  paer  Bichardi  Graff*  et  quataor  parcell's  terr*  continen' 
p'  estimat'  8  a. 

Idem  tenet  qaatao'  paroellas  terr*  in  tenora  Joh'is  Daaid  aliqoando  terr' 
Johannis  Hoell  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  9  a. 

Idem  tenet  vn'  meesaagia'  cam  pertinen'  in  oocapat'  Daoidis  ap  Hugh  et 
tres  parcelias  terr"  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  16  a. 

Idem  Will'mos  tenet  vn'  parcell'  prat'  toc*  gwen  y  saison  nap'  terr'  Will'i 
ap  John  ap  John  contin'  p'  estimat'  2  a. 

Idem  Will'muB  tenet  vn'  messaag'  cam  p'tinen'  in  tenara  Thome  Morgan 
cam  vna  parcell'  terr'  continen'  p'  estimat'  2  a. 

All  his  rents  are  paid  for  theis  landes  aboae  mentioned  in  Brymbo. 

Bedd'  ziy«.  yid.— Bogeras  Bellot^  generoe'  tenet  vn'  capital'  messaag'  cam 

pertinenciis  nap'  terr'  Edwardi  Johnes  de  alta attinot'  et  nunc  tent' 

per  conoesaionem  nap'  a  d'na  Begina  EUzabetha  in  liber*  socoag*  vt  de  ma- 
nerio  de  East  Greenwich  vt  Joratores  pred'  credibil'  informati  sont  60  a. 

Bedd'  vs.  vujd, — Idem  Bogeras  tenet  vna'  cottagia'  et  sex  p'cell'  terr' 
nnper  terr'  Johannis  Poleston  et  Anne  az*  eius  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em. 

Bedd'  z^d. — Idem  Bogeras  tenet  tres  parcelias  terr'  vnde  vocat'  yr  hen- 
bias  2'da  fam  y  bragod  3'tia  iacen'  in  parcell'  fundi  vocat'  tir  Jaor  nup'  terr' 
Hagonis  Bobert'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  16  a. 

Bedd'  iigd. — Will'mos  Erfchig  tenet  vna'  paroeUa'  terr'  vocat'  ddoly  llwynog 
aliqoando  terr'  Joh'is  Erthig  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  i  a.  2  r. 

Bedd'  xijd. — Johannes  ap  Bichard  tenet  duo  seperal'  messaag'  com  perti- 
nen' et  qoatoor  decern  parcell'  terr'  continen'  p'  estimat'  10  a. 

Bedd'  i^s.— Hugo  ap  Robert  tenet  vn'  cottag'  co'  p'tin'  nop'  terr*  Hagonis 
Bersham  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  10  a. 

lEtedd'  vjff. — Johannes  Poleston  Armig'  tenet  vna'  capitalem  messoagio' 
com  pertinen'  et  diners'  parcelias  terr'  eidem  p'tinen'  continen'  p'  estima- 
c'o'em 100  a. 


^  Boger  Bellot  was  the  son  of  Bobert  BeUot  of  Bersham  in  the  manor  of 
Esdosham,  and  Anne  his  wife,  daughter  of  Pyers  Mostyn  of  Talacre,  Esq. 
Argent,  on  a  chief  gule$,  three  cinqoefoils  of  the  field.  (See  pedigree  and  the 
AreK  Comb.,  Juiaaiy,  1869,  p.  14.) 


CCXiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'. — Idem  Johannes  tenet  ib'm  vn'  molendin'  aqnatr*  gran' cam  vstria' 
anglioe  a  kyll  et  al'  appnrtenen'  eidem  pertinen'  et  dao  cottag*  et  dnas  p'cel- 
ceUas  terr*  Tocat'  yr  Erow  Wenn  ec  pen  j  garth  qoi  clamat  esse  liber'  conti- 
nen'  p*  estimab'. 

Bedd'  iij«. — Johannes  Jeffireys  Armiger  tenet  ib'm  tree  cottagia  et  vn'  gar- 
din'  D'no  molendia'  aqaatic'  gran'  et  oars*  aquatic'  eisdem  pertinen'  et  ta' 
p'cell'  prat'  et  vn'  tenement'  et  sex  panvos  clans'  eidem  pertinen'  none  in 
tenora  Bichardi  Hall  et  vnu'  al'  tenementa'  in  Brymbo  et  sex  p'oeU'  teir^ 
eidem  p'tinen'  nup'  in  tenora  Gadwallad'  ap  Howell  oontinen'  p'  eatimao^o'em 
in  toto  9  a. 

Bedd'  xyd.-~Bichardu8  Grosvenor  miles  tenet  vnu'  tenementa'  in  tennxa 
Oeorgii  Warde  oontin'  p'  estimac'o'em  i  a.  2  r. 

Bedd'  vjs.  viijd. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  Wim'  ap  Hoell  tenet  vn*  meesoa- 
giu'  siye  tenementa'  p'tinen'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  26  a. 

Bedd'  xiijj«.  igd. — Johannes  Bogers  tenet  in  Bersham  vnn'  messnagia'  in 
quo  nanc  inhabitat  en'  p'tin'  et  12  p'cell'  terr'  oontinen'  p'  estimat'  20  & 

Idem  tenet  vnn'  cottagia'  cam  p'tinen'  et  7'din  parcellas  terr*  nap'  terr' 
Edwardi  Graffith  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  17  a. 

Idem  tenet  vna'  tenementa'  cam  pertinen'  et  qnataor  parcellas  terr'  oon- 
tinen' p'  estimat'  12  a. 

Idem  Johannes  tenet  vnn'  cottagia'  et  vn'  p'cell'  terr'  nanc  in  qaataor 
parcellas  fact'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  nap'  terr'  Joh'is  Paleston  12  a. 

Idem  Johannes  Bogers  tenet  dao  cottag*  cam  pertinen'  oontinen'  p'  esti- 
mat' 2  r. 

Bedd'  xv<.  ii^d. — Thomas  Trafford  Armiger  tenet  vn'  daosar*  terr'  in 
Bersham  vocat'  ddolved  cont'  p'  estimac'o'em. 

Bedd'  viyd. — Idem  tenet  vn'  clansar'  terr*  in  Bersham  nap'  terr*  Thome 
Evans  cont'  p'  estimat'.  • 

Bedd'  y<.  ixd. — Bobertns  Sonlley  tenet  ib'm  vn'  cottagin'  com  pertinent' 
in  Esclasham  cam  decem  p'ceUas  terr'  vnde  prima  pars  vocat'  y  goesa  Glaa 
2'da  r  Erw  las  3  kae  pen  y  pont  4'ta  kaer  merich  5'ta  kae  eva  6'ta  gwem  £ar 
vycham  7  Erwr  prydydd  y  vnwch  8  tres  selion'  in  Erw  gesnog  9  Erwr  stybo' 
10  bron  r  Wylaa  et  2  selion'  in  clans'  vocat'  bryn  berthan  continen'  p'  eati- 
mac'o'em  30  a. 

Bedd'  xzjd. — Hered'  Willim'  ap  John  ap  Hoell'  tenent  vnn'  messnagia' 
cam  pertinen'  et  qninq'  paroell'  terr'  vnde  prima  vocat'  kae  hoedliw  2'da  kae 
rhyge  3  y  kae  porth  4  y  kae  haidd  5  r  Erw  moch  pen  y  ty  continen'  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em 12  a. 

^  Captain  Boger  Myddleton,  jure  uxoris  of  Plas  Cadwgan,  was  the  second 
son  of  Bichard  Myddleton,  eldest  son  of  Bichard  Myddleton  ab  Bichard 
Myddleton  of  Denbigh,  Gbvemor  of  Denbigh  Castle  in  the  reigns  of  Ed- 
ward VI,  Mary,  and  Elizabeth.  He  married  Anne,  daughter  and  heiress  of 
Edward  Jones  of  Plas  Cadwgan,  Esq.,  lineally  descended  from  Cynwrig  ab 
Bhiwallon,  lord  of  Maelor  Gymraeg,  who  bore  ermine,  a  lion  rampant  aabU 
armed  and  langned  gules.  Edward  Jones  was  High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire 
in  A.D.  1576.  He  was  attainted  of  high  treason,  and  deprived  of  his  estate, 
by  Elizabeth  in  15S6,  for  endeavouring,  with  Thomas  Salusbuiy,  Esq.,  the 
heir  of  Lleweni,  to  release  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  the  legitimate  heir  of  the 
crown,  from  prison.  On  the  discovery  6f  the  plot,  Salusbury  called  at  Plas 
Cadwgan,  and  was  assisted  by  his  friend  to  escape.    Jones  lent  him  a  horse. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXV 

Bedd'.  No  rent  vpon  this  t'en't. — Rogeros  Middleton^  generoee'  tenet  tria 
messnaf^  cam  pertinendiB  et  qainq'  paroellas  ter*  vnde  prima  yocat'  Nant  y 
ddol  dilim  2'da  y  ddol  ywoh  fawr  ty  3  r  Erw  valgrw  4  iaoet  in  Campo  vooat' 
kaer  eidion  5  yooat'  y  kae  tan  y  ty  oontinen'  p'  estimac*o'em. 

Bedd*  Ts.  Td,  ez'. — Thomae  Goaldamith  tenet  tria  seperal'  tenementa  ib'm 
aliqoando  ten*  Edwardi  Johnes  de  alta  proditione  attinot'  nnno  ten't  a  d*na 
Begina  EHzabetha  in  liVo  Boccag*  Tt  de  manerio  de  East  Greenwich  vt  Jura- 
tor'  pred'  informant*. 

Bedd'  zd. — Johannes  ap  John  Dauid  Lloyd  tenet  unu'  meesnagia'  cum  per- 
tinenoiis  et  sex  claus'  terr'  eidem  pertinen'  prima  Tooat'  r  Erw  y  skallog*  2  y 
marrian  nunc  in  dnas  paroellas  3'tia  y  kae  du  4  y  kae  tan  y  ty  5  y  weirglodd 
6  Erw  r  kymbxyd  et  yn'  cottag*  sup'  inde  edificat'  continen*  in  toto  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em  10  a. 

Bedd'  ii^d. — Dauid  ap  John  Dauid  Lloyd  tenet  yn'  tost'  yn'  horren'  et 
gardin'  et  tree  p'oell'  terr*  i  yocat'  r  Erw  las  2'da  r  Erw  yoha  3  y  crochdir 
continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  4  a. 

Bedd'  z\]d. — Johannes  Gmfflth  ap  Hoell  tenet  yn'  messnag'  cum  pertinen' 
et  quatuo'  parcellas  terr*  eidem  pertinen'  ynde  prima  pars  yocat'  kae  dd' 
goch  2'da  kae  U'wen  3'tia  Erw  gamedd  4'ta  llannwch  y  yw  in  duas  seperal' 
paroell'  diuis'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  14  a. 

Bedd'  zvj«.  In  x'pioneth  kenriok. — Edwardus  ap  Dauid^  ap  Hoell  ap  Ed- 
ward tenet  yn'  messuag'  cum  pertinent'  et  tria  oottag'  et  yndecem  daus' 
yocat'  per  seperal'  no'ia  sequen'  yiz.  y  kae  eithin  nunc  seperal'  diuis'  2  r 
ErwU  wedd  3  roft  4  y  weirglodd  5'ta  Erw  aber  6  tir  Uywelyn  7  Erw  r  gar- 
nedd  S  hauid  Lynow  nunc  diuis'  in  duas  p'cellas  9  r  hauid  booth  nunc  in  tres 
parcell'  diuis'  10  kay  hoya  well  nunc  in  tres  parcell'  diuis'  11  y  bryn  Trawse 
iacen'  yt  supra  continen'  p'  eetimat'  50  a. 

Idem  Edwardus  tenet  in  x'pioneth  kenrydd  yn'  messuag'  in  tenura  Bandle 
ap  John  ap  Edward  et  yndecem  clausur'  teir'  eidem  p'tinen'  continen'  p' esti- 
mac'o'em in  toto  40  a. 

and  changed  clothes  with  his  priest,  in  order  likewise  to  secure  his  safety. 
Salusbury  fled  into  Cheshire,  but  was  soon  taken.  Both  friends  suffered 
death  together  in  London,  Sept.  21,  a,t>.  1586.  (Arch.  Comb.,  January,  1869, 
p.  18.)  He  married  Margaret  Wilson,  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter  and 
heiress,  Anne,  to  whom  Elizabeth  restored  the  house  of  Flas  Cadwgan  and 
part  of  the  estates.  She  married  Captain  Boger  Myddleton,  as  aboye  stated, 
by  whom  she  had  a  daughter  Elizabeth,  heiress  of  Flas  Cadwgan,  who  mar- 
ried Ffoulke  Myddleton  of  Gwaenynog,  Esq.,  by  whom  she  had  John  Myddle- 
ton of  Gwaunynog,  who  died  in  1687,  and  Timothy  Myddleton  of  Plas 
Cadwgan.  Argent,  on  a  bend  vert,  three  wolyes'  heads  erased  argent,  langued 
guUs,    See  pedigree.    (Cae  Cyriog  MSS.)    See  p.  ccxi  note  2. 

^  Edward,  of  Fron  Deg  in  t^e  parish  of  Wrexham,  ab  Dayid  ab  Howel  ab 
Edward  of  Fron  Deg  and  of  Cristionydd  Cynwrig,  who  was  liying  20  Henry 
VII  (A.D.  1505),  ab  Meredydd  ab  Gruffydd,  second  son  of  Adda  ab  Howel, 
second  son  of  leuaf  ab  Adda  ab  Awr  of  Treyor.  He  married  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Elis  ab  Dayid  ab  Bobert  of  Gnoltyn  in  Qyerton,  and  died  March 
13,  A.D.  1625,  leaying  two  sons, — John,  ancestor  of  the  Joneses  of  Fron  Deg ; 
and  Boger,  who  died  without  issue.  Party  per  bend  sinister,  ermine  and 
ermines,  a  lion  rampant  or  in  a  border  griUs,  (Cae  Cyriog  MSS.)  See  pedigree. 


CCXVi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  zvjd.  Dismembred  from  Bromfeild  by  gr'ttnt. — ^^^'mas  Jolm  ap 
Harry  tenet  yhu*  tenementu'  in  Esdasham  nnp*  terr'  Edwardi  Johnes^  de 
alta  prodidone  attinof  qui  nunc  ten't  p'  ooncess'  a  nap'  d'na  B'na  Elisabe- 
tba  vt  de  maner  de  East  Greenwich  vt  de  Jurator*  pred'  credibil'  in- 
formant'. 

Redd'  jd.  ob. — Johannes  Oydwallad  tenet  vn'  tenement*  cam  pertinencna 
in  Esdasham  cam  diners'  p'cellis  terr'  eidem  pertinen'  continen'  p'  eetimaf 

7a. 

Redd'. — ^Will'muB  ap  Robert  tenet  daas  partes  domus  et  gardin'  vBde  Hugo 
Johnes  tenet  tertia'  p'tem  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  i  a. 

Redd'  x^d. — ^Hago  ap  Robert  tenet  in  Esdasham  vn'  oottagin'  et  Tnam 
parcdiam  terr'  vocat'  kay  ll'wyn  y  Madd'  in  daas  parcell'  dials'  nnper  terr* 
Roberti  Lloyd  generos'  continen'  per  estimat'  5  a. 

Redd'  fjd, — Idem  tenet  duas  parcellas  terr*  vocat'  y  brewis  haeh  cam  per- 
tinen' nap'  terr'  Johannis  Robert  ap  Jen'n  continen'  p'  estimat'  2  a. 

Redd'. — Richardus  Dauies  tenet  vn'  cottagiu'  vbi  Johannes  ap  John  inha- 
bitat  et  partem  clans'  Tocat'  Tir  y  Milwr  continen'  per  estimat*. 

Redd'  v\jd. — Johannes  Hugh  ap  Hagh  tenet  duo  meflBaag*  cam  pertinen- 
ciis  continen'  per  estimat'  10  a. 

Redd'  \j<.  yjd. — Thomas  Buckley  tenet  vnu'  capitalem  messaag*  nap'  terr' 
Edwardi  Johnes^  attinct'  vt  supra  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em. 

Redd'  iij<.  ex'.— >Hago  Eyton  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  cum  pertinen'  et  qua- 
tnor  parcellas  terr'  voc'  kae  Khyg  2  y  kae  leih  3  y  bryn  Uidiard  4  r  Erw  con- 
tinen' p'  estimac'o'em  20  a. 

Redd'  \it. — Daoid  ap  Richard  tenet  vn'  cottagiu'  et  gardin'  earn  pertinen' 
et  quatuor  parcell'  terr*  i  voo'  y  kaetan  y  ty  2  kaer  eidione  3  y  werglodd 
kaer  yr  skubo  4  kaer  gwydd  et  vn'  cottagfiu'  com  gardino  continen'  p*  esti- 
mac'o'em 7  a. 

Redd'  lid. — ^Thomas  Lloyd  Armige''  tenet  vn'  tenement'  cam  pertinenciiB 
vocat'  y  Chamber  Wenn  nunc  in  tenura  Rees  ap  William  et  tres  paroeUas 
terr'  i  vocat'  r  Ardd  2  Erow  dd'n  3  Erw  aueian  nup'  teir'  Rogeri  ap  Robert 
contin'  p'  estimac'o'em  6  a. 

Redd'  vi^jd. — Idem  Thomas  Lloyd  tenet  vna'  messuag'  sive  tenementu'  in 
possessione  Johannis  ap  John  Hugh  et  septem  parcellas  terr*  ddem  pertinen' 
continen'  per  estimac'o'em  14  a. 

Redd'  vi\|ff. — Thomas  Hughes  tenet  in  Escliisham  vnu'  capital'  messuag' 
cum  p'tinen'  et  diners'  p'cellas  terr*  nuper  terr'  diet'  Edwardi  Johnes^  attinct' 
vt  supra  et  nunc  ten't  p'  concessionem  A  d'na  Regina  Elizabetha  in  Ub'o 
soccagio  vt  Juratores  pred'  informant'  p'  estimac'o'em. 

Redd'  viyd. — Thomas  Hughes  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  cum  pertinent'  et 
diners'  parcellas  terr'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  24  a. 

Redd'. — Fhillippus  ap  Rowland  tenet  vnu'  in  cottagiu' et  aliquas  paroeDaa 
terr*  vocat'  gwem  Hugh  continen'  p'  estimat'  2  r. 

Redd'  ii^«. — Richardus  Warburton  tenet  vnum  messuagiu'  cum  pertinent' 
et  diners'  p'cellas  terr*  eidem  p'tinen'  contin'  p'  estimat'  40  a. 

1  Edward  Jones  of  Plas  Oadwgan,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in 
A.D.  1576,  put  to  death  by  Elizabeth,  Sept.  21,  1586.    See  p.  ccziv. 
'  Edward  Jones  of  Flas  Cadwgan,  Esq. 
"  Thomas  Lloyd  of  Plas  uwch  y  dawdd,  Esq. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXVU 

Redd'  vujs.  ex*. — Owmns  Bady^  generoe'  tenet  vn'  capitale  messoagiu*  cum 
pertinenciis  et  diuers'  p'cell'  teir*  continen*  p*  estimao'o'em  i6o  a. 

Bedd'iiys.yjd. — Edwardos  Meredith  tenet  tria  tenementa  in  tennra  Johan- 
nis  Gruff*  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  24  a. 

Bedd*  paid  (as  he  affirineth)  vr*t  other  his  lands  in  conenent. — Jen'n  Lloyd 
Armiger  tenet  vnu'  messuag'  et  diners'  parceir  terr*  continen'  p'  estim'  60  a. 

Bedd'  vi^'f. — Edwardos  Billot*  et  Edwardus  Puleston  Armigeri  tenent  p' 
concessione'  hereditatis  Bond'oli  Broughton  generos'  vnu'  messuagiu'  in  Es- 
clusham  cum  pertinen'  in  tenura  Hngonis  ap  Bobert  ap  Hoell  contin'  p'  esti- 
mat'  18  a. 

The  rent  of  this  and  of  18  acres  more  in  ye  mano'  of  Iscoyd. 

Bedd*  yi\j«.  ex'. — Thomas  Trafford  Armiger^  tenet  libe'  vnu'  capital'  mes- 
suag' cnm  pertinen*  in  Esdusham  vnatn'  dim'  p'cell'  terr*  eidem  p'tinen'  oon- 
tinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  200  a. 

Bedd'  i\js.  iiijd. — Hugo  Meredith  Armiger*  tenet  in  Esdusham  vnu'  mes- 
suag' cum  pertinen'  et  tria  cottagiu'  ib'm  in  Moorton  Wallicoru'  et  vigint' 
seperal'  parcellas  prati  et  pastnr'  aliquondo  terr'  Bichardi  Tegyn  Serient  at 
Arma^  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  100  a. 

Bedd'  i\j«. — Idem  Hugo  tenet  scitum  vn'  molendin'  vocat'  velyn  seth  et 
tria  cottagia  eidem  pertinen'  et  diuers'  parcellas  terr'  et  aquatic'  Ours'  eidem 
molendino  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  60  a. 

Bedd'  ijd, — Idem  Hugo  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  cu'  p'tinen'  et  duas  p'cellas 
terr*  cont'  p'  estimat'  2  a. 

Bedd'  zixd.—Idem  Hugo  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu' cum  pertinent'  et  sex  par- 
cellas terr'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  10  a. 

Bedd'  ijd. — Idem  Hugo  tenet  vn'  messuag'  cum  p'tinen'  et  tree  parcellas 
terr'  contix\ian'  p'  estimat'  3  a. 

What  rent  is  payde  for  theis  p'ceUs  doth  not  appeare. — Idem  Hugo  tenet 


^  Owain  Bady  of  Stansti  and  Plas  yn  y  Delff,  in  the  parish  of  Bhiwabon, 
which  last  place  he  sold  to  Sir  Thomas  Myddleton  Hen  of  Chirk  Castle,  Knt. 
Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules.    See  pedigree. 

<  Edward  Bellot  of  Morton,  co.  Chester,  and  of  Burton  in  the  parish  of 
Gresford,  Esq.,  eldest  son  of  Thomas  Bdlot  of  Morton  and  Burton,  Esq.^ 
High  Sheriff  for  the  county  of  Denbigh  in  1556.  Argent,  on  a  chief  guUs 
three  cinquefoils  of  the  field.  See  pedigree  and  Arch<Bolog%a  Cambrensis, 
January,  1869,  p.  14. 

3  Thomas  Traffoid  of  Trefford  alias  Trafford  in  Esdusham,  Esq.,  Beoeiver 
for  North  Wales.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules. 
See  pedigree. 

^  Hugh  Meredydd  of  Pentref  Bychan,  Esq.,  ddest  son  of  Ellis  Meredydd  of 
Pentref  Bychan,  Esq.,  and  Anne  his  wife,  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Captain 
Boger  Myddleton  of  Plas  Cadwgan.  Azure,  a  lion  salient  or,  armed  and 
langued  gules.    See  pedigree. 

^  Bichard  Tegyn,  Sergeant  at  Arms,  was  the  son  of  Bobert  Tegyn  and 
Agnes  his  wife,  daughter  of  Tudor  ab  Howel  ab  leuan  ab  Ednyfed  Gam, 
fourth  son  of  lorwerth  Foel,  lord  of  Chirk.  Bobert  Tegyn  was  the  son  of 
David  ab  Tegyn  ab  Madog  ab  lorwerth  Goch  ab  Madog  ab  lenaf  ab  Niniaf 
ab  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued 
guUs.     (HarL  MSS.  1973,  2299.) 

2c 


**/• 


CCXViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

ynn*  meseaag^'  et  qoinqn'  parcellaa  terr*  cam  pertinent'  continen'  per  esti- 
mat*  31  a. 

Idem  tenet  vn'  messnag'  cam  p'tinen'  et  sex  p'oell'  terr*  et  prat'  continen' 
p'  estimat'. 

Bedd*. — Idem  Hugo  tenet  vn'  prat*  vocat'  gwemy  bothee  et  vn'  daiu* 
yocaf  kae  glas  continen'  p'  eat'  10  a. 

Bedd'  jd. — Idem  Hugo  tenet  vnam  parcella'  terr*  vocat'  7  bryn  Byan  in 
Esclusham  aliquando  terr'  d'o'i  Edwardi  Johnea  attainted  vt  sapra  et  nune 
vt  Juratores  pred'  informant'  ten't  in  Ub'o  Bocagio  vt  p'menconat*  continen' 
p'  estimat*. 

This  came  to  the  crown  by  attaynder  in  2  EUe.  time  &  decoareas. 

Bedd'  i\j«.  jd.— Dauid  ap  John  ap  Danid  ap  Madd'  tenet'  vna'  meeeoag' 
cam  pertinen'  ib'm  et  decem  paroellas  terr'  eidem  pertinen'  cont'  p'  est'  24  s. 

Bedd'  yjd. — Danid  ap  Boger  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  cam  pertinen*  et  Ynam 
parcellam  terr'  continen'  per  eatimac'o'em  2  a. 

Bedd'  y«.  vjd. — Bobertus  ap  Dauid  ap  Howell  tenet  vna'  tenementa'  cum 
pertinen'  et  septemdecem  p'cellas  terr*  eidem  pertinen'  continen'  per  eati- 
mac'o'em 14  a. 

Bedd'  xxd. — ^Bobertna  Wynn^  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terr*  vocat'  y  plaady 
Mawr  nunc  in  duas  parcellas  diois'  continen'  p'  eatimac'o'em  7  a. 

Bedd'  vjd. — William  ap  Dauid  ap  Maddock  tenet  vn'  tenementu'  cam  per- 
tinen' et  sex  parcell'  terr'  continen'  p'  eatimac'o'em  12  a. 

Bedd'  zd. — Bobertua  Bromfield  tenet  vn'  meaanag'  ca'  p'tin'  et  octo  p'oel- 
laa  teir'  continen'  p'  eatimac'o'em  12  a. 

Bedd*\jd.  ex'. — Biohardua  Mathew'  tenet  vn'  mesauag*  cam  pertinent'  nap' 
terr*  Daoidia  Mathew  gen'oa'  continen'  p'  eatimac'o'em  30  a. 

Bedd' jd. — Matheua  Trevo'  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'cu' pertinen'  et  aexdecem 
parcellaa  terr'  vnde  i  voc'  kaer  tyddyn  teg  2'da  Ooed  Bichard  nunc  in  qua- 
tno'  parcellaa  diuia'  3  kaer  erow  4  yr  errow  w'th  ben  y  f^jmnon  5  kae  bleddyn 
isaa  6  erowe  kefu  7  kae  bleddyn  vtha  8  kae  koth  or  kesa  9  kaer  atubo'  10 
kaer  gwydd  1 1  y  kaer  bedw  bychan  12  kae  y  kae  bedw  Mawr  13  kae  Llewelin 
14  kaer  erow  vechan  15  kae  r  erow  Lydan  16  y  wierglodd  contin'  p'  est'  i  a. 

De  Will'o  Eyton.  Bedd'  vs.  ixd.— Qriffith  ap  Dauid  ap  le'nn  tenet  an' 
meaauagiu'  cum  pertinen'  et  quindecem  p'cell'  terr*  eidem  pertinen'  et  dao 
cottagia  cu'  p'tinen'  continen'  in'toto  per  eatimac'o'em  50  a. 

Bedd'  xv\jd.— Bichardua  Francia  tenet  vn'  meaauagiu'  cum  pertinenciia  et 
cert'  p'cell'  terr*  continen'  p'  eatimac'o'em  12  a. 

Bedd'  vvjd. — Dauid  ap  Edward  tenet  vnu'  meaauag*  cum  diaeraia  paroellas 
terr'  continen'  p'  eatim'  6  a. 

Bedd'  ii\jd. — Dauid  ap  John  Smith  tenet  vnu'  ten'tu'  cum  p'tinen'  conti- 
nen' p'  eatimac'o'em  2  r. 

Bedd'  xizd.— Joh'ea  ap  Edward  tenet  vn'  ten'tu'  cu'  p'tin'  et  4  p'cell'  terr* 
nunc  aeperal'  diuia'  con'  p'  eatimat'  16  a. 

^  Bobert  Wynn,  of  Trefechan  in  Criationydd,  was  the  aon  of  Biebaid 
Wynn  ab  John  Wynn  ab  Edward  ab  Howel  ab  Edward  ab  Madog  Puleston. 
Argent,  on  a  bend  aahle,  three  mullets  of  the  field.  He  married  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Bichard  Hughes  of  Llanerchrugog.  Ermine,  aVlou  rampant  m^^ 
armed  and  langued  gules. 

*  Bichard  Mathew  of  the  Monachlog,  third  aon  of  David  ab  Mathew  Wynn 
of  Plas  yn  Nhrevor,  by  hia  third  wife,  Jane,  daughter  of  Meredydd  ab  GK>ronwy 
ab  Qruffydd  of  Dyffryn  Aled. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCxix 

Bedd'  ixct. — Johaones  Lloyd  ap  Biohard^  tenet  vnu'  xnesBuagia'  cum  per- 
tinent' et  qoinq*  paroellas  terr*  oontinen'  per  estimao'o'em  6  a. 

Bedd'  1^8,  injd. — Johannes  Bromfield'  tenet  vnu'  messuafi^'  cum  pertinen- 
ciis  et  quindece*  paroellas  terr*  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  20  a. 

Bedd'  yjd. — Griffith  ap  John  tenet  vnu'  messuagin'  cum  pertinensiis  et 
qninq'  paroellas  terr'  nuper  terr'  Boherti  Lloyd  generos'  et  antea  p'cell*  ter- 
raru*  Willim'  ap  John  ap  Dauid  ap  Hoell. 

Idem  tenet  quatuo'  paroellas  terr'  nuper  terr*  Bob*ti  Bromfield  55  a. 

Bedd'  y«. — Idem  tenet  vnu*  messuag*  cum  pertinen'  et  decem  paroellas 
terr'  eidem  pertinen'. 

Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terr*  nuper  terr'  Joh*is  ab  Edward  ap  William 
vocat'  y  Wierglodd. 

Idem  Griffith  tenet  tres  paroellas  terr*  nuper  terr*  Boberti  Bromfield  pred' 
oontinen'  in  toto  per  estimac'o'em. 

Bedd'  ujs.  iiijd. — Edwardus  ap  Dauid  Lloyd'  tenet  tu'  tenementu'  cum 
pertinent'  et  viginti  et  novem  paroellas  oontinen'  in  toto  p'  estimao'o'em 
70  a. 

Bedd'  zzd.  ex'. — Edwardus  ap  Dauid  de  Dinbren^  tenet  vn'  messuag'  cum 
p'tin*  et  dius'  p'cell'  terr*  con'  p*  est*  15  a. 

Bedd'  Tjd.  ex*. — Idem  tenet  ib'm  vn'  cottag*  et  quatuo'  p'cell'  terr  cont' 
p'  estimac'  5  a. 

Bedd'  vjd. — Johannes  ap  John  Dauid  Gruff*  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  cum 
pertinen'  et  septem  p'cell'  terr'  oontinen'  p'  estimao'o'em  10  a. 

Bedd'  jd. — Idem  Johannes  tenet  vnam  paroella'  terr'  in  zpionedd  Kenrick 
nup'  terr'  Johannis  Dauid  Lloyd  et  Joh'is  ap  Bobert  oontinen'  p'  estima- 
o'o'em 2  a. 

^  John  Lloyd  ab  Bichard  of  Good  Cristionydd  and  Ty  Ceryg.  (See  pedigree.) 
He  married  Gwenhwyfar,  third  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Gruffydd  Lloyd  of 
Ty  Ceryg,  in  Cristionydd  Cynwrig,  with  whom  he  had  Ty  Ceryg  and  half 
a  bench  in  the  chancel  of  SJiiwabon  Church.  The  other  half  of  the  bench 
was  given,  with  a  third  of  the  lands,  to  Margaret,  the  second  daughter  and 
coheiress  of  Gruffydd  Lloyd,  who  married  Bandle  ab  John  ab  David  of  Fen 
y  Bryn. 

'  John  Bromfield  of  Cristionydd  Cynwrig,  was  the  third  son  of  Martin 
Bromfield  of  Bryn  y  Wiwer  in  the  township  of  Bodylltyn,  in  the  parish  of 
Bhiwfabon,  Esq.  Argent,  a  cross  fiozy  eng^railed  aable  inter  four  Cornish  choughs 
ppr. ;  on  a  chief  osure  a  boar's  head  couped  of  the  field,  tusked  or  and  langued 
gules.  He  married  Jane,  eldest  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Gruffydd  Lloyd 
of  Cristionydd  Cynwrig,  with  whom  he  had  a  third  of  the  lands  and  a  bench 
in  the  chancel  of  Bhiwfabon  Church,  a4Joining  the  other  bench  belonging 
to  her  sister. 

'  Edward  ab  David  Uoyd  of  Cefii  y  Fedw.    See  pedigree,  p.  52. 

*'  Edward  of  Dinbran,  in  the  parish  of  Llangollen,  was  the  son  of  David 
ab  leuan  of  Cristionydd,  ab  Gruffydd  ab  Edward  ab  David  ab  Gruffydd 
ab  Howel  ab  leuan  ab  Howel  Fychan  ab  Howel  ab  Cynwrig  Fychan  ab 
Cynwrig  ab  Hoedliw  of  Cristionydd,  fifth  son  of  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon, 
who  bore  ermine,  a  lion  rampai^sadle,  armed  and  langued  gules.  He  mar- 
ried Anne,  daughter  of  MatthewTrevor  of  Trevor  Hall,  Esq.,  by  whom  he 
had  a  son,  Bichard,  of  Dinbran,  the  father  of  John  of  Dinbran.   (Add.  MSS. 

9865.) 


CCXX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  1^8.  ixd. — Bondle  ap  John  Daaid  Llwellen^  tenet  ynu'  messnag^a* 
cam  pertinenciia  et  treadeoem  p'oell'  terr'  contlnen'  p'  eetimac'o'em  ao  a. 

Bedd'  yiijs.  iiy. — Bobertns  Sonlley  Armigei*  tenet  in  Xpionyde  kenrick 
vnu'  capitalem  messuag'  et  tenementu'  continen*  p'  estdmac'o'em  300  a. 

Bedd'  xd. — Bondle  ap  John  ap  Howell  tenet  vnu*  meesuagin'  cam  pertinen' 
et  sep'decem  parceUaa  terr*  continen'  p'  eBtimacVem  21  a. 

Bedd'  ziiijd. — Hugo  ap  Howell  tenet  duo  messuagia  cum  pertinenciia  in 
Xpionydd  kenrick  et  diois'  parcellas  terr'  continen'  p'  estimao*  20  a. 

Bedd' y  (2. — Idem  Hugo  tenet  sex  parcell'  terr'  parcell'  terrara'nuper  Jdhan- 
nis  Lloyd  ap  Bondle  cont'  per  estimao'o'em  4  a. 

Bedd'  ii\J8.  ex*  wante  riiis.  iiijd. — Gheorgins  Salusbury'  tenet  in  Xpionydd 
ken'ck  vn'  messuag'  cu'  pertinen'  et  6  parcell'  terr*  con'  p'  est'  9  a. 

Bedd'  vjd. — Bob'tus  ap  Wnn  tenet  in  Xpyonydd  ken'ick  vn'  mess'  ca' 
p'tin'  et  12  aci'  terr"  cont'  p'  estimac'  24  a. 

Bedd'  vjd. — Idem  Bobertus  tenet  sex  parcellas  terr*  ib'm  p'cell'  terram' 
nnper  Willim'  ap  le'nn  ap  Howell  cont'  p'  eetimaco'em  9  a. 

Bedd'  vjd. — Bogerus  Eyton^  tenet  in  Xpionydd  kenrick  vnu'  tenementa' 
cum  pertinen'  et  duas  p'ceU'  terr*  nuper  terr'  Dauidis  ap  le'nn  ap  Gmffith  ap 
Edward  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  12  a. 

Bedd'  xvd. — Idem  Bogerus  tenet  vnam  parcella'  texr*  nunc  in  quinq'  par- 
cellas fact'  nuper  terr'  Georgii  Salusbury  Armiger  cont'  p'  estimac*  20  a. 

Bedd'  xziij(2. — Idem  Bogerus  tenet  vnu*  tenementu'  cum  pertinenciia  et 
▼nam  parcellam  terr'  nunc  in  septe'  parceUas  diuis'  nnper  terr*  Johannia  ap 
John  ap  Maddock  continen'  p'  estimao'o'em  40  a. 

Bedd'  iJ8.  jd, — Bogerus  ap  Bondle  tenet  vn'  tenementu'  cum  pertinenciis 
in  Xpionydd  et  sex  p'cellas  terr*  continen'  p'  estimao'o'em  2  a. 

Bedd'  ijs.  xjd. — Will'mus  ap  Hughes  tenet  in  Xpionydd  kenrick  qnatnor 
messuagia  cum  p'tinen'  et  diners'  parcellas  terr*  continen'  p'  estimat'  50  a. 

Bedd'  i\js.  vij(i. — Griffith  ap  John  ap  Edward'  tenet  in  Xpionydd  kenrick 
▼nn'  tenementu'  cum  pertinenciis  et  sex  parcellas  terr'  con'  p'  est'  18  a^ 

^  Bondle  ab  John  ab  David  ab  Llewelyn  ab  John  of  Pen  y  Bryn  in  the 
township  of  Oristionydd  Cynwrig  in  the  manor  of  Esdusham.  He  married, 
in  1605,  Margaret  Lloyd,  second  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Qmffydd  Lloyd 
of  Ty  Ceryg  in  the  parish  of  Bhiwfabon,  by  whom  he  had  a  son  and  heir« 
Edward,  ancestor  of  the  Joneses  of  Fen  y  Bryn,  who  are  now  represented  by 
the  Rev.  William  Maddock  WiUiams,  late  rector  of  Llanfechain,  co.  Mont- 
gomery.   See  pedigpree. 

*  Bobert  Sonlli  of  Sonlli,  Esq.,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Bobert  Sonlli  of  Sonlli, 
Esq.,  by  Gaynor  his  wife,  daughter  of  Maurice  ab  Elisau  of  Plas  Clynennau, 
00.  Carnarvon,  Esq.  He  married  Alice,  daughter  of  William  Fowler  of 
Harnage  Grange,  co.  Salop,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and 
langued  gules.    See  pedigree. 

'  George  Salusbury  of  Erbistog,  Esq.,  herald  and  genealogpist. 

*  Bogerus  Eyton  of  Cefn  y  Carneddau,  alias  Tir  y  Cellach,  was  the  second 
son  of  Edward  Eyton  of  Bodylltyn  and  Fferm,  Esq.  He  had  two  daughters, 
coheiresses.  Catherine,  the  eldest,  married  Boger  Eynaston,  attorney  at 
law,  who  built  the  house  at  Cefn  y  Carneddau,  now  called  Plas  Kynaston. 
Mary,  the  second  daughter,  married  Gruffydd  ab  John  of  Gaerddin. 

'  Gruffydd,  a  twin  son,  with  his  brother  Bandle,  of  John,  second  son  of 
Edward  ab  Meredydd  of  Fron  Deg  in  the  parish  of  Wrexham,  son  of  Gruffydd, 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXxi 

Bedd'  yd. — Ghraffith  Dauid  ap  Or.  tenet  ib'm  duas  p'oellas  terr*  oont'  p* 
estimac*  6  a. 

Bedd'  ijd.—Edwardas  ap  Edward  ap  Owen  tenet  ib'm  ytlh*  oottagiu'  oum 
le  yord*. 

Bedd'  vjd. — Edwardus  ap  Dauid  ap  Edward  in  Xpyonjdd  kenrick  vnu' 
messnag^ti'  cu'  pertinen'  et  vnam  pareella'  terr'  oontinen'  per  estimac'  5  a. 

Bedd'  iy«. — Edwardus  Lloyd  generos*  tenet  ib'm  vn'  clans'  terr^  in  duode- 
cem  parcellas  terr'  contin'  p'  estimac'o'em  60  a. 

Bedd'  \jd. — Idem  Edwardus  tenet  tree  al'  paroellas  terr*  oontinen'  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em  6  a. 

Bedd'  iiijd. — Idem  Edwardus  tenet  sex  claus'  terr'  nuper  terr*  Thome  ap 
John  ap  le'nn  continen'  per  estimat'  10  a. 

Bedd'  ziid. — Katherina  v'r  Edward  tenet  vn'  oottag'  et  partem  cap'i  vocat' 
kay  ben  nunc  in  sex  p'cell'  iact'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  4  a. 

Bedd. — Johannes  Boberts^  generos'  tenet  vnu'  capitalem  messuag'  cum 
pertinen'  et  octodece'  daus'  sive  parceU'  terr^  eidem  pertinen'  cont'  p'  esti- 
timac'  120  a. 

Bedd'. — Idem  Johannes  Boberte  tenet  yn'  al'  tenement'  cum  pertinen'  et 
octo  parcellas  terr'  in  tenura  Johannis  ap  John  Hugh  oont'  p'  eetimac'  10  a. 

Bersham. — Idem  Johannes  Boberts  tenet  vn'al'tenementu'nunc  in  tenura 
Christians  Edwards  vidue  cont'  p'  estimac'  24  a. 

Bersham. — Idem  Johannes  Boberts  tenet  duas  parcellas  terr*  in  tenura 
Johannis  ap  John  Boge'  cont'  p'  estimaco'em  48  a. 

Bersham. — Idem  Johannes  Boberts  tenet  vnn'  al'  tenement'  cum  pertinen' 
in  tenura  Bogeri  Shard  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  12  a. 

Bersham. — Idem  Johannes  Boberts  tenet  vn'  al'  tenementu'  cum  pertinen' 
in  Bersham  et  tree  parcell'  terr'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  16  a. 

Bersham.  Bedd'  xxxi^js.  ^d. — Idem  Johannes  Boberts  tenet  in  Bersham 
yn'  molendin'  et  vstrina'  cum  quinq'  cottagia  et  vna'  parcellam  terr'  in  qua- 
tuo'  parcellas  diuis'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  4  a.  2  r. 

Idem  tenet  vn'  al'  molendin'  et  ystrina'  et  vnu'  cottagiu'  cum  sex  parcellis 
terr'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  16  a. 

Idem  Johannem  Boberts  tenet  yn'  al'  tenementu'  in  Esdnsham  cum  sep- 
tem  parcellis  terr'  in  tenura  Dayldis  Thomas  et  Johannis  GrufT  Boge'  conti- 
nen' p'  estimac'o'em  19  a. 

Idem  Johannes  Boberts  tenet  yn'  tenementu'  cum  pertinenciis  in  tenura 
Hagonis  ap  John  ap  Dauid  ap  Gruffith  et  quatuo'  p'cell'  terr'  cont'  p'  esti- 
mat' 12  a. 

Idem  Johannes  Boberts  tenet  yn'  parcella'  terr*  cum  pertinenciis  in  Escla- 
sham  in  tenura  Johannis  Dauid  ap  le'nn  continen'  p'  est'  6  a.  2  r. 


second  son  of  Adda  ab  Howel  of  Flas  yn  Nhrefor.  He  married  Janet,  daughter 
of  John  ab  Maurice  of  Oemant,  by  whom  he  had  issue  three  sons,  William, 
Bichard,  and  Edward,  and  two  daughters,  Angharad  and  Catherine.  (Cae 
Cyriog  MSS.)     See  T  Coedladd  in  Bhiwfabon. 

^  John  Boberts  of  Esclusham,  ab  Bobert  ab  Biohard  ab  David  ab  Bichard 
ab  lolyn  ab  leuan  Foel  ab  Madog  Goch  ab  Madog,  eighth  son  of  leuaf  ab 
Niniaf  ab  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  gahle,  armed  and 
langued  gules.  He  had  a  brother,  Bichard  Boberts,  of  Dinhenlle  TJchaf  in 
Cristionydd.    (Harl.  MSS.  1972,  2299.) 


CCXxii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Idem  Johannes  tenet  vnam  paroellam  terr'  com  pertinenciiB  in  tennra 
Bicbardi  Gruff*  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  3  a. 

Idem  Johannes  tenet  vn'  al'  parcellam  terr*  cam  pertmenciis  in  tenors 
Jaoobi  ap  Robert  contlnen'  p'  estimac'o'em  15  a.  2  r. 

Bedd*  T$.  bid, — Will'mus  Eyton  generos'^  tenet  vnn'  messna^u'  en'  p'ti- 
nen'  et  16  p'ceU'  terr*  vnde  i  voc'  kaer  tyddin  teg  2  Cood  Bichard,  nnno  in 
4  p'cell*  fact'  3  kaer  Erowe  4  w'ch  ben  y  ffynnon  5  kaes  leddyn  issa  6  erowe 
kefu  7  kae  bleddyn  vcha  8  kae  koch  or  kesn  9  kaer  skabor  10  kaer  gwydd 
II  y  kaer  bedw  bychan  12  y  kae  y  kae  bedw  Mawr  13  kae  llewelin  14  kae 
erowe  vechan'  15  kae  crow  lydan  16  y  werglodd  continen*  in  toto  p'  estima- 
c'o'em  45  a. 

Manie  pertioalar  rentes  are  here  of  the  freeholderes  Tnknowne,  whereof 
there  must  be  further  inquisic'on,  for  as  they  are  sett  downe  the  come 
but  to  zxyjli.  \jd.  ob.  q.,  and  in  4*0  Eliz.  it  was  zxzli.  ixs.  ijd,  ob. 


MANERIXT  DB   ESCLUSHAM. 
VILLA  DE   BBIMBO. — TENENTES  PER   DIMISSI0NE8. 


A.     R.    P. 


Bedd'  xxja.  23 d.  ob.  ex'. — Thomas  Powell  geneross  tenet  vn'  tene- 
mentu*  in  Biymbo  cum  gard*  pomar'  et  croft'  adiacVocat'Ooven- 
nys  continen'  p*  estimao'o'em  .  .  .600 

22  y.  m.  being. — Vn'  daus'  terr*  cum  procliua  parte  Montis  hostos 

tendeu  ysque  ad  aquam  vocat'  Hyrdyre  continen'  p'  estimac'    .      300 
Will'm  lloyd  of  Halton^  esq.,*  and  Jo.  Eton  of  Leeswood,  esq.,  are 
no  sute  for  this  in  the  Chequer  chamber,  but  this  Powell  is  in 
possession.    It  was  helde  at  will  4  Eliz. — Vn*  daus'  ex  occiden' 
parte  vie  iVm  vocat'  Tyre  Dyben  arrabil'  cont'  p'  estimac'o'em        100 
Vn'  claus'  pastur*  vocat*  kay  moch  bewey  ty  cont'  per  estimac'    .      200 
Vn'  prat'  subtus  dom'  vocat'  y  ddole  continen'  per  estimao'o'em  .      200 
Vn'  clans'  quondam  duo  sup'  prat'  vocat'  Brond  continen'  per  est'      200 
Vn'  boscum  ib'm  supr'  prat' vocat'  pirth  y  lloyden' continen'  p'est'      100 
Vn'  clans'  pasture  vocat'  Crath  Tire  cont'  p'  estimac'o'em  .      600 

Vn'  aluetu'  cum  quibusdam  quercis  inter  positis  vocat'  Coed  Crath 
p'  estimac'o'em    .  .  .  .100 

zi^lt.    24    o    o 
Bedd'  xvi^ «.  i^d,  ob. — Idem  Thomas  Powell  tenet  no'ie  medietatis 
quarundam  terram'  quaru'  Johannes  Gmffith  tenet  aJtram  me- 
dietatem  vn'  prat'  ex  occidentale  parte  vide  ducen'  versus  le 
Hope  continen'  per  estimac'o'em     .  .  .120 

Vn'  dans'  terr'  arabil'  vocat'  y  bryn  Bhyg  con'  per  estimac'o'em         120 

1  William  Eyton  of  Plas  Newydd  in  Pentref  Bhiwfabon,  ob.  s.  p.  1633,  was 
the  third  son  of  William  Eyton  of  Watstay,  Esq.    (Cae  Cyriog  MSS.) 

*  William  Lloyd  of  Plas  Uchaf  in  Halchdyn,  in  the  parish  of  Hanmer, 
Esq.  He  died  s.  p.,  and  was  succeeded  at  Halchdyn  by  his  fourth  brother, 
Edward,  who  married  Margaret,  daughter  of  John  Jeffries  of  Acton,  Esq.^  by 
whom  he  had  issue  two  sons,  Thomas  Lloyd  of  Halchdyn,  who  died  1693,  and 
John  of  Bryn  Gnoltyn. 


ccxxm 

A. 

B. 

p. 

I 

3 

o 

I 

2 

o 

I 

I 

o 

2 

2 

o 

0 

3 

o 

ORIGINAL   DOCUMENTS. 

Yn'  dauB*  pastar*  qaondam  duo  vocat'  Coed  kay  ywch  pen  y 

weirglodd  p'  estimac'c'em  .... 

Yn'  claus'  terr*  arabil'  adiacen'  terr*  vooat'  tir  merched  Cadwgan 

p'  estimat*  ...... 

Yn' claus*  sap'  ante'dem  olaas' vocat'  y  Iledvron  tan  y  foedd  p'  esti- 

mao'o*em  ...... 

Yn'  olaus'  terr'  arabil'  yocat'  kay  Cookshoote  p'  estimac'o'em 

Yn*  croft  itixta  viam  vooat'  y  Bofte  per  estimac'o'em 

Yn'  claoft'  ezisten'  de  seperalibus  p'd'cos  terr*  arabil'  et  boso'  viz. 

eilvs  acedusB  eztenden'  a  via  ib'm  vsque  ad  rivola'  vocat'  llydire 

per  eetimao'o'em  inter  vias  .  .  .300 

Ynn'  alnetum  iacen'  subtas  montem  vocat'  y  Coed  terr'  etiril'oum 

molendin'  aquatic'  continens'  p'  estimac'o'em  .500 

Yn'  claus'  quondam  duo  voc'  kellyn  et  kay  glas  cum  bosc'  p'  est'        300 
Yn'  claus'  pastur*  in  boreal'  p'  via'  voc'  Hirdyre  p'  est'  .  .220 

£edd'  xvjd. — Tenet  et  cursum  aque  riuuli  voc'  Bedgidog  ac  lioen- 

oiam  ad  molend'  b'  edificand'  sup'  terr*  b'  bibis  .  .200 

idijli,  24  o  o 
Bedd'  TTjjs,  sjd.  ob.  ex'.— Johannes  Gruffith  Armiger^  tenet  no'ie 

medietatis  terr*  quorum  Thomas  PoweU  gen'os'  et  Bobertus  ap 

Edward  tenent  aliam  medietatem  vn'  cottagia'  cam  curtelag* 

p'  estimat'  .  .  .  .  .  .004 

32  y.  m.  being. — Diuers'  dausa  pastur*  et  arabil'  terr*  sterilis  ad- 

iac'  vocat'  Wayne  go'  vcha  et  Wayne  go'  issa  cont'  per  estimac'  20  o  o 
Tria  claus'  voc'  kay  Tockyn  p'  estimat'  .  .  .500 

Yn'  claus'  voc'  Wierglodd  al's  llawes  p'  estimat'  .  .020 

Yn'  boseum  voc'  Nanty  Turnell  p'  estimat'       .  .500 

Duo  claus'  arabil'  vel  pastur'  vocat'  Tyre  Gruffith  ap  Terworth  p' 

estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .  .  .500 

Un'  al'  cottagia'  ib'm  com  curtelay'  et  clo'  adiacen'  vocat'  kay  kill 

p'  estimac'o'em   .  .  .  .  .  .400 

Duo  claus'  vocat'  kay  Swyn'  p'  estimat'  .  .400 

Un'  prat'  adiacen'  vocat'  Swirglodd  d'd  y  kay  Gwyn'  continen'  p' 

estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .  .  .420 

zxli.    45    o    4 
Bedd'  xi^a.  vi\jd.«  32  y.  b.  being. — ^Johannes  Mathewe  ap  Hoell' 
tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  in  Brymbo  vocat'  goed  gard'  et  curtelag' 
p'  estimac'o'em    .  .  .  .  .010 

Un'  vallem  boBo'  iacen'  proxim'  tenemento  vocat'  Nant  y  kyle  p' 
estimao'o'em       .  .  .  .  .  .100 

Un'  claus'  ex  opposit'  tenement'  vocat'  kay  seycho  arrabil'  p'  est'       130 
Un'  clans'  pastor'  vocat'  kay  glis  adiacen'  con'  p'  estimac'o'em  120 

1  John  Gru£fydd  of  Brymbo,  Esq.,  eldest  son  of  Bobert  ab  Gxufl^dd  ab 
Edward  ab  Morgan  ab  David  ab  Madog  of  Brymbo  in  the  manor  of  Esdus- 
ham,  second  son  of  David  Goch  ab  David  Hen  ab  Goronwy  Hen  of  Burton 
in  Esclusham,  ab  lorwerth  ab  Howel  ab  Moreiddig  ab  Sanddef  Hardd,  lord 
of  Morton  in  the  parish  of  Gresford  in  Esdasham.  Veri,  sem^  of  broomslipSj 
a  lion  rampant  or.    See  pedigree. 


CCXxiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


▲.  R.   F. 


Un'  al'  cottagia'  vooat'  erw  wexth  ty  biohan  cu'  crofb  adiaoen'  p' 
estimac'o^em        .  .  .  .  .  .030 

Un'  claus'  ezal'tro  parte  vie  vocat'  Werglodd  oum  vn'  pecia  adia- 

cen'  per  estimoo'o'em  .  .  .  •      i     3    o 

Un*  oroft  vocat'  Erw  tan  7  ty  p'  estimat'  .  .  .010 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  Weru  dduy  in  valle  iuzta  flamin'  p'  estimac'o'em      o    o  10 
Un'  claus'  pasture  vocat  Mayes  y  gamedd'  p'  estimac'o'em  .      120 

Un'  claus'  iuzta  aquam  ezisten'  pastur'et  prat' vocat'  y  vron  p'  est'      120 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  birdyre  adiacen'  p'  est'         .  .  •      i    o    o 

Un'  al'  claus'  vocat'  Hewle  y  ryd  p'  estimat'     .  .  .100 

Un'  al'  claus'  vocat'  Tyre  Newydd  p'  est'  .  .  .030 

Un'  peci&m  bosci  vocat'  coed  issa  p'  est'  .  .  .020 

vijZi.  zs.     15    o    o 
Bedd'  zzzs.  viljd.  ob.,  32  y.  m.  being. — Johannes  Griffith  Lloyd 
tenet  vnum  tenementum  in  Brymbo  gard'  et  vn'  claus  terr'arra- 
bil'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .220 

Un'  prat'  adiacen'  vocaf  Srom  ap  Swyllm  on'  octo  acraa  bosci  p' 
estimac'o'em        ...... 

Un'  claus'  terr'  vocat'  perth  y  lloyden  p*  est'     . 
Un'  al'  claus'  eztra  parte  vie  vocat'  Copie  per  estimac'o'em 
Aliu'  claus'  ez  opposit'  tenement'  vocat'  kaye  Skibbor  p'  estimao' 
Un'  claus'  terr'  arabil'  vocat'  keuen  ayth  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  al'  tenementu'oum  curtelag'  et  croft  vocat'  Cameth  oum  boec* 
per  estimac'o'em  ..... 

Duas  pecias  terr'  boscalis  alnet  refert  vocat'  Coed  towell  p'  estim' 
Un'  croft  iuzta  Coed  Towill  p'  estimao'o'em 
Un'  claus'  adiacen'  iuzta  pastur'  vocat'  Carnethe  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  cottagiu'  nunc  vers'  in  horren'  oum  tribus  claus'  nuper  in  vno 
vocat'  erew  vadock  p'  estimat'         .... 

Un'  daus'  boscos'  vocat'  kay  Madyn  bach  per  estimao'o'em 
Quatuor  aJ'  dausa  iacen'  subtus  kay  Madyn  prima  vocat'  ddol  go' 
secunda  ddole  kiffith  tertia  ddole  hire  quarta  ddole  vawr  conti- 
nen' per  estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .  .420 

zyjK.  vj9,  viyd.    34    2    o 

Bedd'  iijtf.  wjd.  This  is  before  in  the  freehold. — Bichardus  Gros- 
veno'  Miles  tenet  mineras  carbonum  subtus  terr*  s'  proprius  in 
Esclusham  nuper  in  tenura  Will'mi  ap  Maddock  ac'  terr*  izina 
Will'mi  annez'  in  Brimbo  ezercend'  et  faciend'  ad  placitu'  suum. 

Bedd'  z^d.  Eglesegle. — Tenet  et  vnum  tenementu'  et  croft  adia- 
cen' in  Broughton  ad  voluntat'  p'  estimac'o'em         zzyj<.  vi^jd.      120 

Bedd'iJA.  mjd.  No  copie  before  the  lease. — Johannes  Dauies  tenet 
vn'  daus'  terr'  boscos  in  Brymbo  nup'  terr*  Johannis  Puleston 
vocat'  Graddy  glysion  ad  voluntat'  p'  estimao'  vy«.  vjd.      120 

Bedd'  Ys.  jd.,  2S  y.  m.  being  ad  volunt'. — ^Johannes  ap  John  ap 
Edward^  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  iuzta  Howie  y  glasooed  gard'  et 
curtelag'  croft  et  tria  daus'  adiacen'  p'  est'   .  liigs.  iiyd.      620 

^  John  of  Brymbo,  son  of  John  ab  Edward  ab  David  ab  leuan  ab  lenkyn 
ab  Llewelyn  ab  Ithel  Gooh  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Madog  ab  Einion  ab  Madog  ab 


3 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

I 

0 

0 

I 

a 

0 

2 

0 

0 

4 

0 

0 

5 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

I 

2 

0 

5 

0 

0 

I 

2 

0 

ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  vs.  He  bnylt  this  mill,  hauing  no  estate  in  the  lande. — 
Johannes  Puleston  tenet  sitam  molend'  aquatico  in  Bersham* 
nap'  Hoell  ap  le'nn  ap  Griffith  ad  volantat'  ^K.  p'  est'. 

Bedd'  iaJ8.  ex.',  i8  y.  m.  being. — Bobertus  ap  Edward  tenet  vn' 
tenement'  cam  curtelag'  et  croft  dao  clans'  spinos'  vooat'  lied 
vron  y  wch  lawe  yr  foreth  cum  bosc'  p'  est'    . 

Un'  clans'  arabil'  vocat'  kay  gyver  p'  est' 

IJn'  per  bosc'  sive  alnet  sabtns  diet'  clans'  p'  est' 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  y  Weirglodd  werch  y  ty  p'  est' 

Un'  vocat'  Moyle  Brymbo  p'  estimac' 

Un'  bosc'  snbtns  d'c'm  claas'  vocat'  Eoed  Moyle  Brymbo  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em  ..... 

Un'  parvu'  croft  vocat'  Erwe  glase  p'  estimac'o'em 

Ixxigf.  mjd 

Bedd'  ijs.  vijd.  ex  preced'  8  y.  since. — Will'ns  Bobinson  Armiger 

tenet  vnu'  croft  vocat'  Croft  Yaughan  inrta  viam  p'cell'  et  me- 

dietot'  tenement'  vocat'  Gwem'  y  gassag  continen'  per  est' 

Un'  al'  claus'  prat'  et  arabil'  vocat'  werglodd  y  brightire  vel  tyre 

sete  vel  escaet'  p'  estimat'  .... 

xxlyt.  ui^d, 
Bedd'  \J5.  Yiid.  exprec'd  8  y.  since. — Bobertus  lenno  tenet  vnam 
medietatem  tenementi  pred'  vocat'  Gweroy  g^sag  cum  Will'o 
Bobinson  pred'  viz.  vn'  cottag'  et  duo  clans'  adiacen'  p'  estim' 
Un'  clans'  in  orien'  p'te  vie  vocat'  werglodd  bichan  p'  est' 

.. . 

Bedd'  xvjs.  vi\jd.  28  y.  m.  being. — Edwardns  ap  Ll'en  et  Agnes  vx' 
tenent'  vn'  tenementn'  in  Brymbo  vocat'  Pentre  Glasooed  cum 
tribus  claas'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Glascoy  de  ... — Un'  claas'  adiacen'  vocat'  kay  seich  p'  estimac' 
Un'  al'  claas'  arabil'  vocat'  Hauod  y  fryones  vcha  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  claas'  ex  alt'  a  parte  vie  vocat'  Erow  byre  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clans'  adiacen'  vocat'  Coed  y  kay  Newith  per  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clans'  adiacen'  vocat'  Gwirglodd  y  kay  Newith  p' estimac'o'em 
Un'  moram  adiacen'  vocat'  kay  I^ewith  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  per  terr'  spinoss'  vocat'  gedorog  p'  est' 

CTS 

Bedd'  ii^d. — Johannes  Batha  tenet  vnu'  oottagiu'  super  vastum 
cum  cert'  terr'  induss'  de  vast'  p'  est'  .  .  x<. 

Bedd'  xvj8.  viyd.  Glascoy  de  .... — Will'mus  Jassingham  tenet  vn' 
ten'tum  in  Brymbo  in  loco  vocat'  Pentre  Glascoed  pom'  et  gar- 
din'  per  estimac'o'em         ..... 

28  y.  m.  being. — Un'  clauss'  vocat*  kay  kiU  p'  estimac'o'em 


CCXXV 

A.   B.  p. 


220 
200 
020 
200 
320 

020 
010 

II   I   O 


020 

210 
230 


200 
100 

I      o  o 


4 
I 

I 

I 

o 

o 

I 

5 


0  o 

3  o 

1  o 

2  O 

I  20 

3  o 
o  o 
o  o 


IS  2  O 


100 


o  o  20 
100 


Bleddyn,  fourth  son  of  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  siible, 
armed  and  langued  gules.   He  married  Isabel,  daughter  of  Morgan  ab  Bobert 
ab  GruflFydd  Fychan,  by  whom  he  was  father  of  Hugh  Jones  of  Wrexham. 
See  pedigree. 
1  It  is  now  called  Melin  Buleston. 

2d 


CCXXVl 


OIUGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Un*  al'  claus*  ftdiacen'  arabil*  voeat*  Werglodd  vawr  p*  estimac'    . 
nn'  dauss'  adiacen'  vocat'  kay  Haddock  p'  est' 
Un*  al'  clauss'  vocat'  Trowse  tyre  p'  estimao*    . 
Un'  al*  clauaa*  adiacen*  vocat'  Erow  glibiou'  p'  eat* 
Uil'  clauss'  pastur*  vocat'  Kay  bichan  p*  est*     .  .  . 

Un'  clauss'  pastor'  adiacen'  vocat'  Hauod  y  fercoaes  issa  nunc  in 
duo  oonverss'  p'  estimat'   .  .  .  .  • 


Eedd'  vis.  ii\jd.,  28  y.  m.  beinge. — AUice  ap  John  ap  Dauid  ap  Da- 
uid  ap  Griffith  ap  Ll'wellen  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  in  Pentre 
Glascoed  in  Brymbo  cum  gardino  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clauss'  pasture  vocat'  kay  Meredith  firanck  p'  est' 
Un'  clauss'  spinoss'  vocat'  Gweme  ddole  llemisys  per  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clauss'  vocat*  Gweme  tyre  kellyn  p'  estimac' 
Un'  al'  clauss'  terr'  arabil'  vocat'  kay  ir  ounen  per  estimac'o'em 

bgs.  ii^a 
Bedd'  xxxs.  vjd.— Dauid  ap  Robert  Gwyn'  tenet  ad  voluntat'  unu' 
cottagiu'  gard'  et  de  terr'  arabil'  et  pastur'  voc'  y  gyadd  super 
vast'  per  estimac'o'em       ..... 
Bedd'  yj«.  28  y.  m.  beinge.— Eobertus  Mathew  tenet  vnu'  tene- 
mentu'  horren'  stabul'  gard'  cum  introitu  et  ezitu  per  clauss' 
vocat'  y  fordd  p'  estimac'o'em. 
Memorand'  parcella  sequentis  dicto  tenemento  spectant  sed 
in  mortgagio  Ed'vo  ap  Hugh  ap  Edward. 
Duo  clauss'  vocat'  kay  Gwyn  per  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clauss'  vocat'  Erw  tan  y  tye  p'  estimac'o'em 
Duo  prat*  vocat'  Gwerglodd  Vaughan  p'  est'     . 
Un'  dauss'  arabil'  vocat'  Akre  vcha  p'  est' 
Duas  p'cellas  adiacen'  vocat'  cu'  bosc'  p'  est'    . 


Bedd'  vi\J9.  No  copie  before,  but  holde  now  at  will. — Bobertus 
Puleston  tenet  vel  nup'  tenuit  vnam  parcellam  terr'  nuper  Jo- 
hannis  ap  Dauid  ap  Griffith  in  villat'  de  Brimbo  ad  voluntat'  p' 
estimac'o'em  .  .  ...        viys. 

Bedd'  ^8.  ii^d.  de  tenur*.  There  was  no  copie  showed  for  this,  4 
Eliz. — Thomas  Middleton  miles  tenet  vna'  p'cella'terr'  de  Escaet 
vocat'  y  with  vid'  et  Brach  y  dinenant  .  xlvjs.  vi\jd. 

Added  to  Tho.  ap  Eden. 


BEBSHAM. 

Bedd'  iJ8, — ^Ko  copie  nor  lease. — ^Johannes  Puleston  et  Anna  vzor^ 
eius  tenent  vel  nuper  tenur'  vnam  parcell'  terr'  voc'  nuper  yor- 
werth  Wenedd  in  villa  de  Bersham  ad  voluntat'  p'  estim'     xls. 


A.  B.  P. 
120 

100 

130 

100 

120 

I  3  o 


ii^U.   920 


010 
120 
100 
120 
030 


220 

"  3  o 
200 
320 
3  I  o 


cxs.  13 


600 


^  John  Puleston  of  Plas  ym  Mers,  Esq.,  ab  Bobert  Puleston  ab  Sir  John 
Puleston  of  Plas  ym  Mers,  Knt.,  ab  John  Puleston  of  Bers  and  Hafod  y  Wem, 
ab  John  Puleston  ab  Madog  Puleston  of  Bers.  Argent,  on  a  bend  sable,  three 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXXVU 

A.    R.    P. 

Bedd'  xviijd.,  22  y.  m.  beinge. — Hugo  Francis  tenet  ynu'  oottagiu' 
et  tria  clausa  terr*  arabil*  adiacen'  per  estimac'  .      zviys.      220 

Bedd'xvi^d.,  22  7.  m.  beinge  the  moytie  of  Hugh  Fraunces,  ten't. 
— Johannes  ap  John  Bobert  tenet  rnu'  cottagiu'  et  duo  gardina 
cum  tribus  clauss'  adiacen'  per  estimac'o'em  xxxvjs.  "viijd.      320 

Bedd'  iivjd.  ezprecd  15  y.  since  ad  volant'. — Will'mus  Lewis  tenet 
vnu'  cottagiu'  et  duo  gardina  in  villa  de  Beraham  p'  est'    yi\J3.      005 

Bedd'  vjs.  Y^d.  ad  volunt'. — Johannes  ap  John  Boger^  tenet  vnum 
clauss'  Yocat'  kay  adiacen'  oomun'  vocat'  Bhosyeesa  per  esti- 
mao'o'em  .  .  .  .  .  .200 

Unam  al'  clauss'  vocat'  kay  Bichan  cum  pristrinu  super  edificat' 
p'  estimao'o'em    .       ■        .  .  .  .110 

zxi\j«.  ii^d.      310 
Bedd'  ys.  8  y.  m.  being. — Hugo  Jones  tenet  vn'  tenementu'  gard' 

et  vn'  clauss'  quondam  duo  vocat'  y  Gwemy  per  estimac'o'em  010 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  Erow  fittis  p*  estimac'  .  •  .030 

XJn'  al'  daus'  ad  inferior  p'tem  de  £rw  fittys  p'  est'  .030 

Un'  dauss'  adiacen'  vocat'  Akre  Bogill  p'  est'  .  •      3    3    <3 

cx«.     13    3    o 

Bedd'.  None  expressed,  and  is  not  in  graunt ;  but  helde  by  one 
Mrs.  Vachan  as  free,  being  an  incrochement. — Johannes  ap 
Bichard*  nuper  tenet  vnu'  clausum  novit'  incluss'  infra  novem 
ann'  de  monte  per  Johannem  Edwardes  per  estim'  xxxiijs.  ii\jd.      700 

Bedd'iujd.  ad  volunt'. — le'nn  ap  Dauid  tenet  vnu'  cottagiu'  super 
vase'  in  Nant  y  vellyn  cum  g^d'  p'  estimac'  v«.      o    o    3 

Bedd'  vjs,  xd.  ob.  expres'd  12  y.  since. — Johannes  Eadwallader 
tenet  duo  claus'  terr'  vocat'  y  hirdyre  cum  horreo  super  edificat' 
et  gard'  per  estimac'o'em  ....  xjs,      200 

Bedd'  \j«.  ad  volunt'. — le'nn  ap  Bobert  Lloyd  tenet  vnu'  cottag' 
super  mast'  cum  gardin'  et  dimissione  Auditor  ad  voluntat'  p' 
estimat'  .  .  .  .  xs.      o     i  20 

Bedd'  v\J8.  ixd„  22  y.  m.  beinge. — Owinus  ap  John  Dauid  tenet  de 
terr'  escaet'  vnum  tenementum  super  montem  &  quatuo'  claus' 

mullets  of  the  field.  He  married  Anne,  only  daughter  and  heiress  of  John 
Wynn  ab  David  ab  Howel  of  Bers,  ab  leuan  ab  Gruffydd  ab  Madog  ab  Ed- 
nyfed  Goch,  lineally  descended  from  Ednyfed,  lord  of  Broughton,  who  bore 
ermine,  a  lion  statant  gardant  gules,  armed  and  langued  a^^Mre,  second  son  of 
Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.    See  pedigree. 

^  John  ab  John  ab  Boger  of  Bhuddallt,  ab  John  ab  leuan  Goch  ab  David 
Goch  ab  Y  Badi,  of  Plas  y  Badi  Mawr  in  Bhuddallt,  son  of  Madog  ab  lor- 
werth  Goch,  fourth  son  of  Madog  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Gruf^dd,  lord  of  Eyton, 
Erlisham,  and  Borasham.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  asure,  armed  and  langued 
gules,    (HarL  MSS.  1972,  2299.) 

*  John  ab  Bichard  of  Bersham,  ab  John  ab  Edward  ab  David  ab  leuan  (or 
John)  ab  lenkyn  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Ithel  Gh>ch  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Madog  ab  Einion 
ab  Madog  ab  Bleddyn,  fourth  son  of  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Ermine,  a  lion 
rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules.  He  married  Catherine  daughter 
of  John  Puleston  of  Plas  ym  Mers,  Esq.,  ab  Bobert  Puleeton.    See  pedigree. 


CCXXViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    R.     P. 


Yocat'  kay  Mawe  in  Bimtil  iacen*  cum  gard'  et  parvo  croft  adia- 
cen'  dom'  p'  estimac'  .  .  .1000 

Tria  claas'  terr'  incluss'  de  monte  vocat  kay  Newith  p*  estimac'        10    o    o 

yj/i.    20    o    o 

Bodd'  x«.  The  murder  was  committed  in  the  time  of  the  survey, 
yel  fabroru'. — Bobertus  Treuo'  tenet  tres  clausur*  terr'  pastur' 
et  bosc'  vocat'  Gweme  Habog  iaoen'  in  Esclusham  nunc  escaet' 
pro  murdro  p'  estimac'       .  .  .  Ixxigs.  ii\j(2.     12     00 

"Redd*  ii\js.  This  will  not  be  found  by  the  tenets. — Bobertus  ap 
Griffith  ap  John  nuper  tenuit  diuersas  terr' escaet  in  villa  Esclu- 
sham ad  voluntat'  per  estimac'. 

Bedd'  iiy«.,  ignota  tenura,  yet  he  daymes  it  in  fee  as  holte  of  E. 
Greenewich  as  land  escheated  and  purchased  upon  the  attayn- 
der  of  one  Jones  temp'e  Eliz. — Bogerus  Middleton^  ar*  teoet  de 
terr*  nup*  Joh'is  ap  d'd  Trevo*  postea  E*ori  Johnes  vn*  p'cell' 
terr*  voc*  place  yollin  et  vn'  er'na  terr'  iuxta  clans'  yoc'  Maes  y 
Mayne  Uoyd  p'  est'  .  .  .400 

Bedd'  zijd. — ^Bogerus  ap  Bandle  tenet  in  Xpioneth  kenrick  nuper 
terr*  Catherine  viz'  Edwardes  et  Joh'is  ap  Edward'  p'  estima- 
o'o'em  .....  vj«.  vig-/.       100 

Not  in  the  demise  escaet'. — Johannes  ap  Dauid  ap  Ll'en'  et  Ban- 
dolphus  filius  eius  tenent  vnu'  clausum  terr*  arrabil'  vocat'  yr 
Erw  sete  viz'  escaet'  p'  est'  .  .  .  .200 

Bedd' viijf.  iigd. — Un'daus'  terr'  arrabil'  nunc  in  trio  diuis' vocat' 
Gwemog  per  estimac'o'em  .  .  .520 

Escaet. — In  dans'  Edwardi  Lloyd  armigeri'  iacen'  iuxta  Bnyabon 
vocat'  Erw  sete  sine  escaet'  in  quite  kay  y  palmer  p'  estimac'   .      100 


820 
lx«.  it  should  be  by  the  olde  survey,  6  ar.  mors,  in  toto  14  d.  ar. 

About  12  y.  m.  beinge.— Edwardus  ap  Dauid  Lloyd^  nuper  Bogeri 

ap  Griffith  ap  Maddock  tenet  vnu'  tenement'  situat'  et  erect'  in 

vno  dauso  spacioso  YOcat'  yr  Erw  gam  per  estimac'o'em  420 

Unum  pratum  ib'm  vocat'  y  Wirglodd  p'  est'    .  .  .120 

XJn'  dausum  genistosn'  super  montem  vocat  kay  kill  per  estimac'      300 

Un'  al'  dans'  spinosu'  vocat'  Bryn  Bhedyn  per  estimac'o'em         .      300 

Bedd'  ii^s.  vi^d. — Un'  clans'  pastur'  vel  arabilis  vocat'  kay  bychan 

per  estimac'o'em  .  .  .230 

*  Boger  Myddleton,  Esq.    See  p.  26. 

'  John  ab  David  ab  Llewelyn  ab  John  of  Pen  y  Bryn,  married  Angharad 
daughter  of  John  ab  David  ab  Edward  ab  Meredydd  of  T  Fron  Deg  in  Cris- 
tionydd,  son  of  Gruffydd,  the  second  son  of  Adda  ab  Howel  of  Trefor,  by 
whom  he  had  issue,  Bandl  ab  John  of  £en  y  Bryn.  See  pedigree,  and  p.  35 
of  this  Survey. 

>  Edward  Lloyd  of  Flas  Madog,  Esq. 

*  Edward  ab  David  Lloyd,  of  Cefn  y  Fedw,  was  the  father  of  William  of 
Cefn  y  Fedw,  the  father  of  Edward  Lloyd,  the  father  of  Thomas  Lloyd  of 
Cefh  y  Fedw,  who  married  Elizabeth  only  daughter  and  heiress  of  John  ab 
Bandl  ab  Bichard  of  Acr  Fair. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXXIX 

A.    B.   P. 

Un'  al'  daiiB*  ib'm  vocat'  Bryn  Bhedyn  Vaghan  per  estimac'o'em  i  o  o 
XJn'  dans'  vocat*  Tyre  al*  Coed  vcha  p'  est'        .  .  .310 

XJn'  claus'  vocat*  Talurhyro  p'  eat'  .120 

De  bosoo  in  eodem  cl'o  per  estimac'    .  .100 

XJn'  clans'  pastnr*  stirilis  vocat'  l^e  al'  Coed  issa  per  estimac'o'em      420 

vjli.  ziijtf.  ii\jd.  27  i  o 
Bedd'  ziu.  vi|jd.  — Edwardns  Lloyd  armige'  ^  tenet  vnnm  tenemen- 

tu'  Yooat'  y  Glemendy  cnm  gard'  per  estimac'o'em       .  .010 

Tin'  clans'  terr*  adiacen'  vocat'  kay  Ness  y  tye  per  estimac'o'em  .  200 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  Wen'  per  estimac'  .  .  .230 

XJn'  prat'  vocat'  Wirglodd  vrth  y  tye  p'  est'      .  .  .120 

Bedd'  x\j(I. — Un'  dans'  terr*  arabil'  vocat'  Nant  y  garick  vanr  cnm 

molendin'  nonit'  construct'  p'  estimac'  .  .120 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Llyndyre  p'  estimac'  .  .210 

Tria  clans'  terr'  arabU'  vocat'  kaye  Glase  cnm  tribns  acris  bosd 

per  estimac'  .  .  .800 

Bedd'  yjd. — De  terr*  accrochiat'  et  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  .  220 
Idem  tenet  vnn'  tenementn'  vocat'  kay  kynaston  cnm  gardin'  et 

croft'  per  estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .020 

Un'  dans'  terr*  adiacen'  vocat'  Gerglodd  kinaston  tyre  y  per  est'  300 
Quatno'  clans'  vocat'  Tyre  y  kinaston  insimul  adiacen'  continen' 

p'  estimac'o'em  cnm  bosoo  .  .  .  .    13    o    o 

xiqli.  yj».  viyd.    36    3    o 
Bedd'  ziiyi.  2  y.  m.  being. — Danid  ap  John  ap  Qriffitb  et  Joli'es 
Banid  filius  ip'ins  tenet  duo  dans'  vocata  Gweme  hova  per  esti- 
mac'o'em ....  zzzvjs.  vi^d.      500 
Bedd'  xii\jd.  2  y.  m.  being. — Bandle  ap  John  ap  Hoell  tenet  duo 

alia  dans'  vocat'  Ghveme  hova  p'  est'  zxxyj«.  vigd.      500 

Bedd'  \j<.  ii^d.  2  y.  m.  being. — Griffith  ap  John  Dauid  tenet  de 

Gweme  hova  qnatnor  clausa  terr'  per  estimac'o'em      .  lz«.     10    o    o 

Bedd'  ij»,  22  y.  m.  being.— Johannes  Eton  Armiger  tenet  tria  cot- 
tagia  in  occnpac'one  Johannis  ap  le'nn  Manricii  ap  Hoell  et 
Margarete  ap  Bandle  cnm  tribns  parcdlis  terre  in  simul  adiacen' 
vocat'  Akre  Eonenet  Yagham  p'  estimac'o'em  li|js.  iiijd.     1200 

Memorand'  there  is  past  in  the  lease  the  parcells  following, 
viz.  a  wast  vocat'  Akre  Educnet  stivil  et  spinoss  continen' 
6  acr*  et  al'  parcell'  vast'  boscosam  et  montosam  cont'  3 
acras ;  but  the  freeholders  deny  the  indoeing,  so  he  hath 
no  proffit  by  it. 
Bedd'  z«.  zjd.  ezpresed  3  y.  since. — Bobertns  Bromfield*  et  Marti- 

^  Edward  Lloyd  of  Flas  Madog,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  aabUt  armed 
and  langned  guUa.  Buried  at  Bhiwfabon,  Jan.  i^  1637.  He  married  Anne 
daughter  of  John  Eyton  of  Leeswood  (Coed  y  Llai),  co.  Flint,  Esq.,  and  Jane 
his  wife,  daughter  of  John  Lloyd  ab  Tudor  of  Bodidris  in  Yale,  Esq.  She 
was  buried  at  Bhiwfabon,  Aug.  22, 1636.    See  pedigree. 

'  Bobert  Bromfield  was  the  son  of  David  Bromfield,  second  son  of  Martin 
Bromfield  of  Bryn  y  Wiwer  in  the  parish  of  Bhiwfabon,  Esq.  Argent,  a  cross 
flory  engrailed  sable  inter  four  Cornish  choughs  proper ;  on  a  chief  azure,  a 


CCXXX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    R.   P. 


nos  Bromfield  tenent  tria  claua'  yocat^  Gweme  Hesgog  cam 
horreo  super  edificat'  p'  est'  .  ]i\J5.  iiijd.     12    o    o 

This  was  demeans  parcell  of  the  wast,  and  taken  by  copie  tem- 
pore Maris.    No  way  allowed  ynto  it. 
Bedd'  v«.  Tjd.  ad  volant*  ex'  add  jd. — Sicardus  Mathew  naper 
Daaid  Mathewe  tenent  vna'  daass'  terr'  vocat'  y  Gweme  y  Ger- 
wyn  Gwerglodd  p'  est'       .  .  .  .  .120 

Un'  al'  daas'  vocat*  wem  vaar  p'  estimac'  .  .300 

xxvjs.  vijjd.      420 
Sedd'  xz^d.    Browghton  Eglesegle. — Thomas  Powell  de  Brimbo 
geneross'  tenet  vn' villa  de  Broaghton  vn'claass'  sive  tofb'vocat* 
place  Habook  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  xi\j<.  iigd.      200 

Redd'  zxijd. — leaan  Lloyde  tenet  vnu'  messnagia'  et  vn'  p'cell' 

terr'  vocat'  kay  Bichan  p'  est'  .  .     xvigs.      300 

Eedd'  i]g5.  jd. — Joh'es  ap  Eaan  David  Lloyde  tenet  vna'  messna- 
gia' et  tres  p'cellas  terr'  p'  est'  xl«.      420 

Ineroehxata  in  EsclAuham, 

Eaan  ap  Thomas  tenet  sap'  vast'  absq'  redd'  vel  titalo  tria  cotag*. 

Bobertas  Molineax  encrochianet  de  vasto  principis  et  anex'  terr'  Thome 
Midleton  militis  per  est'  10  p'  ticas. 

Elice  ap  Eicharde  vna'  cotag'  sap'  vast'  p'  redd'  ijd.  ad  volant'. 

Vna  peoia  terr'  vocat'  Kay  Meveth  al's  Brin  yr  Iryn  &  in  possessione  Joh'is 
Edwardes  per  est'  4  acr'. 

Vna  peo'  terr'  escaet'  prope  Fhos  vers  p'  est'  vn'  acr*  inter  tenen'  vocat' 
Dole  Kay  Herlyn. 

Joh'es  Nicoll  tenet  vna'  cotag'  sap'  vast'  in  Brimbo  cartelag'  et  gard'  vocat' 
dole  Cechewedd* 

Daaid  ap  Robert  Wynn  tenet  sap'  vast'  in  Brimbo  4  gardin'  p'  est'  vn'  acr 
ad  volant'  &  de  nono  vjd. 

Adamas  Daaies  et  eias  filias  tenent  in  Brimbo  vnu'  cof  et  gardinu'  p'  est' 
de  acr'  ad  volant'  absq'  redd'. 

The  sam  of  the  lease  rentes  and  at  will  p'  ann'  are  xiz2t.  xv\j«.  vi^d.  q'. 
In  4'o  Eliz.  xvjlt.  xv\j«.  xjd.  ob.,  Mxs.  vi\jd.  ob.  lease  then  now  I  finde  it. 

The  freeholde  rentes  I  can  not  make  certaine,  for  that  manie  rentes 
are  vnknowne,  as  appeareth  vpon  the  particalars  of  the  free- 
holders. 


MANERIU'  DE  MORETON   ANGLICORUM. 
(Harl,  3696,  fo.  122.) 

Redd'  xx^s.  vi\jd.  ex'.  This  last  expressed  4  years  since.  See  fol.  22S  for 
D'no. — Edwardas  ap  John  ap  Edward  tenet  vnu'  messaagiu'  sine  tenementa' 
pomaria'  gard'  et  14  claus'  eidem  spectan'  viz't  an'  claas'  vocat'  Kay  skibo' 

boar's  head  coaped  of  the  field,  tasked  or  and  langaed  guJM.    Robert  Bxom- 
field's  mother  was  Catherine,  daughter  of  John  Sonlli  of  Sonlli,  Esq. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXXXl 

nn  claas'  vocat'  Eay  puedd  an*  daus*  vocat'  y  glyn  an'  dans'  vooat'  a  little 
slip  of  meadowe  an*  daus'  vocat'  y  werglodd  voh  un'  claas*  vocat*  y  ddole 
hire  un*  parcell*  vast*  vocat*  gard*  yr  Kirryryn  an'  tenement*  vn*  horren*  et 
tres  p'cell'  terr'  eidem  p'tin'  an'  claas*  vocat'  y  Kae  Bychan  an'  dans'  vocat' 
Eae  Llyn  an'  claus'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  veghan  p'  est' — 20  acr*. 

Bedd'  xs.  ^d,  ex*  expressed  8  years  since.— £obt'  ap  Randal  ap  John  Tho- 
mas tenet  unam  messaag^ia'  sine  tenementa'  pomar'  gardin*  ca'  pertinen' 
an'  clans'  vocat'  y  Werne  g^h  an'  dans'  vocat'  y  Weme  wair  an'  dans' 
vocat'  y  Wayn  vcha  an*  clans'  vocat'  y  Wayn  ganol  an'  claas'  vocat'  y  Wayn 
issa  an'  claus*  vocat'  yr  Errow  hire  un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Acre  an  dans'  vocat' 
yr  Errow  wrth  y  ty  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  wrth  y  Coppoll^ — 13  acr' 
cz«. 

Bedd'  zd.  ex*.  2  yeares  in  beinge. — Idem  tenet  nnn'  cottagia'  vn'  g^ard'  et 
duas  parcellas  terr'  viz't  un'  dans'  vocat'  Eay  Bamar  an'  dans'  vocat'  gelly 
veghan  y'  estimat'  nn'  al'  parcell'  vocat'  tyre  tan  y  wem  p'  est'n  4  acr* 
zzxiijs.  iujd. 

Bedd'  v«.  iiijd.  ex\  one  yeare  in  beinge  ad  volunt'. — Will'mns  ap  John 
Dauid^  tenet  vn'  messuag'  sine  tenement'  cu'  gard'  pomar'  cum  p'tinen'  viz't 
an*  claus'  vocat*  y  wem  issa  nn'  claua'  vocat'  y  wem  vcha  nn  clans'  vocat'  y 
wirglodd  un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  holt  an'  claas'  adiacen'  voc'  y  Nant  p*  estimat' 
3  acr*  di'  zxxvjs.  viijd.    Before,  the  lease  helde  without  copie. 

Bedd'  Yjs,  ex',  expired  5  yeares  since. — Danid  ap  John  ap  len'n  Qor^  tenet 
un'  messuag'  sine  tenementa'  vn'  cotagiu'  pomar'  gard'  et  quataor  acras  terr' 
ddem  p'tinen'  4  acr'  zxxi^js.  iiijd. 

Bedd.  xviijs.  xd.  ex'  vocat'  hie.  See  fabroru'  226.  One  yeare  in  beinge. — 
Eenricus  ap  Dauid  tenet  vnu'  messuag'  sine  tenementu'  pomar*  gard'  et  sex 
p'cell'  terr'  eidem  spectan'  viz't  an'  dans'  vocat'  bryn  yr  yscolhaig  un  dans' 
vocat'  Eay  Wilkin  he  Lygin  nn'  daus'  vocat*  y  Wyrglodd  vch  un'  claus'  vo- 
cat' y  Wyrglodd  issa  an'  claus'  vocat'  bryn  kae  Wilkin  heligin  nn'  dans' 
vocat'  y  tir  wughlyn  y  ty  p'  est*  10  acr'. 

Bedd'  iij«.  vjd.  ex'.  4  yeares  in  beinge.  See  fabrorn'  226. — Idem  tenet  nn' 
cotagiu'  et  duas  p'cellas  terr*  viz'  dai'o  claus'  vocat*  E^e  Wilkin  hely  gen  p' 
est*  3  a.     No  copie  before  the  lease. 

Bedd'  i\js.  ii\j<i.  No  lease  showed.  See  fol.  226.  Idem  tenet  vnnm  par- 
cella'  terr'  vocat'  Eae  yr  Toola  et  vn'  paruum  pratum  vocat'  Wirglodd  levkv 
p'  est'  2  a.  di'. 

Bedd'  xd.  ex*  2  y.  in  beinge. — Johannes  Boger  Lle'n  tenet  duo  cotagia  duo 
gard'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em  d'd  acr'  xigs.  ii\jd. 

Vocat  hie  Bedd'  vg«.  vid.  ex'  29  y.  in  beinge.  See  this  in  Moreton  Aagli- 
caru'  226,  in  fabrorn'. — Edwardus  Hope  tenet  tres  parcellas  viz'  nn  clans' 

1  William  ab  John  of  Fen  y  Lan  in  the  township  of  Dinhinlle  Isaf,  second 
son  of  David  ab  Edward  of  Trefor.  Edward,  the  eldest  son  of  William,  had 
Pen  y  Lan,  and  had  an  only  child  named  Elizabeth,  the  heiress  of  Pen  y  Lan, 
who  married  Elis  Lloyd,  formerly  an  attorney  at  Ludlow.  She  died  without 
issue,  and  her  husband  got  her  to  settle  her  lands  on  himself  and  his  heirs 
for  ever.     (Cae  Cyriog  MS.)    See  pedigree. 

«  David  ab  John  ab  leuan  Goch  ab  David  Goch  ab  T  Badi  of  Bhuddallt, 
ab  Madog  ab  lorwerth  Goch,  fourth  son  of  Madog  ab  Llewelyn,  lord  of 
Eyton. 


CCXXxii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

vocat^  tir  y  pa'an  un  claus'  vocat'  yr  Errow  hire  un'  claas'  rocaV  Triakyn  p' 
estimat'  5  a. 

Bedd'  xyjd.  ex'  2  y.  in  beinge  ad  yolant'. — Edwardas  Eyton  Armiger  tenet 
vnam  daasu*  vocat'  yr  Akre  Mawr  p'  estimat'  i  a.   No  copie  before  the  lease. 

Bedd'  zxvjs.  ex*.  See  fo.  227, 29  yearea  in  beinge^  fabrora'. — Hugo  Bates  tenet 
vnam  messuaginm  sine  tenementu'  pomar*  gard'cnm  pertinen'  vis*  on*  dans' 
vocat'  Eae  hoiskin  nn'  daus'  vocat'  y  Wirglodd  veghan  an'  dans'  vocaf  yr 
Errow  wheir  an'  dans'  vocat'  kae  meriog  Mawr  nunc  in  qainq'  paxoell'  nn' 
dans'  vocat'  yr  Errow  hiyr  an'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Wirglodd  with  y  ty  on'  dans' 
vocat'  Horlia  horst  an'  clans'  vocat'  y  kae  hichan  p'  estimat'  20  a. 

Bedd'  vs.  vjd.  ob'  ex'.  See  fo,  227,  2  y.  in  being.— Danid  ap  Owen  tenet 
nnn'  messuagin'  sive  tenementu'  dao  gard'  et  tree  parcellas  terr'  eidem  spec- 
tan'  viz'  un'  dans'  vocat'  place  grono  un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae  yr  vedwen'  nunc 
in  dno  an  daus'  vocat'  Eae  y  dderwen  p'  estimac'on'. 

Bedd'  ix«.  jd.  ex'  2  y.  in  bdnge.— Thomas  Hope  tenet  unnm  messnagin' 
sive  tenementu'  pomar'  gard'  et  quatuor  parcellas  terr'  eidem  spectan'  vis' 
un'  daus'  vocat'  Mayes  tan  y  dee  un'  claus'  vocat'  ty  tree  Acre  vcha  an'  dans' 
vocat'  y  tree  Acre  issa  nn'  daus'  vocat'  yr  errow  tan  y  berllan  p'  est'  5  a. 
li\)s.  uga. 

Bedd'  y«.  jd.  ex'  2  y.  in  beinge.— Eathorina  v'r  Edward  tenet  vnu'  p'c'Ua' 
terr'  vocat'  Eae  ap  Jo'n'  ap  filiu'  cont'  p'  est'  2  a.  xvs. 

Bedd'  vj«.  ixd.  ex'  29  y.  in  beinge. — Emanuell  Jones  tenet  vnn'  measnagin' 
sive  tenementu'  pomar'  gard'  et  duo  clans'  terr'  viz'  un'  dans'  vocat'  Kae 
Maddock  un'  daus'  ib'm  vocat'  Eae  y  Eoll  p'  est'  10  a.  ii^li.  xi\J9.  ii^d. 

Bedd'  xv<.  ex'  one  y.  in  beinge.  See  this  fo.  228. — Thomas  ap  Edward  tenet 
vnu'  mesBuag'  sine  tenementu'  vocat'  y  goedlodd  pomar'  gard'  et  sex  parod- 
lae  terr'  eidem  spectan'  viz't  un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Ddole  hire  vn  daus*  vocat'  j 
Ddole  wair  an'  daus'  vocat'  y  Eae  Caregog  nunc  in  duo  on'  olaus'  vocat'  y 
Eae  helig  un'  daus'  vocat'  leukee  p'  estimac'on'  10  a. 

See  this  in  Moreton  Anglicann'  226.  Bedd'  ex'  2  y.  in  beinge.  M'  there 
was  no  oopie  of  this  before  the  composidon,  but  was  granted  2  E.  6  for  21 
yeares. — Thomas  Goldsmith  tenet  vnu'  messuag'  sine  tenementu'  et  quatuor 
daus'  terr'  eidem  spectan'  viz't  un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Akre  Bichan  un'  dans' 
vocat'  y  gellie  nn'  claus'  vocat'  y  Eae  Mawr  an'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Akre  heligog 
p'  estimat'  8  a. 

Bedd'  iijli.  xiigs.  ii^d.  ex'  13  y.  in  beinge  in  all. — Bichardus  Williams  tenet 
vnu'  messuag'  sine  tenementu'  in  tennra  Thome  Bingley  et  duo  decern  par- 
cell'  terr'  eidem  adiacen'  viz't  un'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Akre  Fynnon  an'  daos' 
vocat'  Eae  Bychan  un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Cow  Leasow  un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae  Wil- 
kake  un'  claus'  vocat'  bron  Wilkake  gowol  un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae  lEUchard  on' 
daus'  vocat'  y  Frwnos  duo  parva  prat'  un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae  yr  Fynnon  an' 
clans'  vocat'  Eae  Graby  medietat'  Eae  Maior  p'  estimac'  34  a. 

Idem  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  in  occupac'one  Joh'is  ap  HoweU  et  qnindeoem 
parcellas  terr'  eidem  p'tinen'  viz't  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Eae  wrth  y  ty  on' 
daus'  vocat'  y  keven  nessa  nn'  claus'  vocat'  y  keven  vcha  un'daus'  vocat'  y 
Eoed  Eae  gwydd  Itha  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Errow  y  Lloyd  un'  clans'  vocaf  y 
Eoed  Eae  Couol  39  a.  un'  claus'  vocat  y  birdyre  un'  daus'  vocat'  Uyn  y 
derow  Mymon'  un'  daus'  vocat'  Coed  Eae  gwydd  bythaw  un'  claus'  vocat'  y 
Wirglodd  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Tyre  marl  un'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Erow  hire  nn' 
daus'  vocat'  y  ddwy  Errow  goidiog  nn'  daus'  vocat'  y  nant  medietaf  Em 
Mawr  p'  est'  134  acr'  in  toto  Ixzi^li.  yj«.  vi\jd. 


4 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXXXill 

Idem  tenet  ana'  a,V  measaag^'  in  occapacione  Johannis  ap  Jo'n  Eaph  et 
decern  parcellas  terr'  eidem  spectan*  yiz't  un'  claus*  yocat'  j  Sindyre  vtha 
un'  claas'  vocat*  Errow  ty  y  pobty  an*  claus'  vocat'  Errow  Cridiog  un'  clans' 
vocat'  y  kae  vcha  un*  claus'  vocat'  yr  Errow  gron  an'  claua'  vocat'  Kae  y  platt 
nunc  in  duo  an*  claus'  vocat'  Kae  Ftbiniog  nunc  in  duo  un'  claus'  vocat'  y 
Wirglodd  hire.  Le  yordea  et  tree  parcell'  in  occup'cit'  Edri  ap  Jo'n*  viz't  un' 
claus'  vocat'  y  Errowe  goidiog  un'  claus'  vocat'  Coed  hichan  un'  claus'  vocat' 
Erow  fast  un'  cot  tag'  et  quatuor  parcellas  terr'  in  occupac'  Ellis  Dauid  ap 
Owen  viz't  vnu'  claus'  vocat'  y  vron  vcha  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  vron  yssa  an' 
claus'  vocat'  y  Coed  Kae  bichan  p'  est'  in  toto  70  a. 
No  lease  seene : 

Redd*  ii\j(Z.  ex'. — Owinas  Breerton  tenet  i  ar'  terr*  in  tenura  Grist  Tho- 
mas d'd'  ar'. 

Bedd'^5.  vjd.  ex' — Idem  tenet  vnu'cotagiu'  et  duas  p'ceVas  terr'  in  tenura 
Thome  Lloyd  p'  estimacion'  3  a. 

Redd'  iiijd.  ex'  de  vasto  ad  volunt*. — Idem  tenet  le  chappell  et  duo  gard' 
viz'  vn'  vocat'  place  Robin  p'  estimac'  d'd'  acr'.  xzxs.  4  a. 

They  suffer  the  chappell  to  decay. 

Redd'  Yjd.  ex*.—  Lawrencius  Wills  holdeth  certaine  landes,  sometimes  the 
lande  of  Peter  Roydon,  under  the  rente  of  Yjd.,  but  hath  not  bene  payde 
since  the  death  of  the  same  Petec. 
The  Jurie  cannot  finde  the  lande. 

Redd'  xixs.  ex'  3  y.  in  beinge.  Rentale  ix«. — Will* m us  ap  John  Robert 
tenet  unum  messuag'  vnu'  cotag*  duo  parva  gard'  et  quinq'  eidem  pertinen* 
viz*  un'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  Bauid  Yaughan  an'  claus'  vocaV  Kae  tan  y  dee 
un'  claus'  vocat'  y  pen  vtha  y  chiveg  baker  mawr  an'  claus'  vocat'  y  chevegh 
Accre  bichan  p'  est'  15  a.  vjli.  xi\j«.  iiijd. 

Redd'  xiijs.  iiijd.  ex'. — Rob'tus  ap  Randle  tenet  in  Morton  Anglicor'  p' 
estimac'  7  a.  iiij«.  iiijd. 

Redd'  xxij^.  ex'. — Edwardus  Dauies  [Rob'tus  Lloyd]  tenet  vnu'  messuag' 
sive  tenementu'  nuper  Ricei  ap  Hen  et  quadra'  acras  terr'  vocat'  tire  Rees 
p'  estimac'  40  a. 

Redd'in  toto  xlvj».  ijd.  cum  xiys.  viijd.  ob.  de  incr'o  29  y.  in  beinge,  ad  vol*. 
Redd'  vs.  jd.  ob.  ex'. — Idem  tenet  vnu*  messuagiu*  siue  tenementu'  vocac' 
Tyre  Gruffith  et  quatuor  acras  terr'  p'tinen'  cont'  p'  estimac'  4  a. 

Redd'  iv«.  viiijd. — Idem  tenet  quinque  acras  terr*  et  vn*  acram  peat'  vocat' 
Tyre  ye  p*  estimacion'  6  a. 

Redd'  vjd.  ex*. — Idem  tenet  dimid'  acre  prat*  in  Tyre  y  Feue  p'  estima- 
cion' di'  acr'. 

Redd'  jd.  ex'. — Idem  tenet  una'  cotagiu'  et  gardin'  p'  est'  3  roodes.  Rent- 
all  465. 

52  acr'  in  toto  xxli.    No  copie  before  the  lease. 

Vide  post  229.  No  lease  showed,  escheate  ad  volunt'.  Redd'  xy«.  ex'. — 
Nicholaus  Fortescue  miles  tenet  vnum  tenementu' un'  claus'  vocat'  y  chwegh 
Acre  vchan  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  chwegh  Acre  issa  un'  claus'  vockt'  gwerglodd 
yokin  an'  claus'  vocat'  Mebsydd  y  gevetie  un'  cotag'  et  duas  p'cellas  un'  al' 
parcell'  vocat'  y  tyre  doon  un'  al'  parcell'  vocat'  y  byrdire  et  duo  parva  prat' 
per  estimacion'  in  toto  48  a.  xli.  This  came  by  escheate.  It  shoulde  bee  but 
30  acr'. — This  was  John  Eatons^  attainted. 

^  This  John  Eaton  or  Eyton  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Eyton  of  Watstay, 
Esq.,  by  his  first  wife,  Emma,  daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Kynaston  of  Hordley, 

2e 


CCXXXIV  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  TVS,  ez\  No  leaae  allowed.— Martinos  ap  lea'n  tenet  Tn'p'oell'  ten' 
vocat*  y  wepglodd  p*  estimat'  j  di'  xv». 

Bedd'  Yjd,  ex'  de  yaat'. — Jph'eB  d'd'  Bronghton  Martm  ap  lea'n  et  al'  tenet 
peciam  past'  p'  est'  di'  acr'  zs. 

Sum  of  the  rentes  of  Moreton  at  this  day  is  xvi^ 2i.  ixs.  ujd,  q\ 
4*0  Eliz.  zvijU.  ixd.  ob.  q\  xzyi^f.  jjd.  ob.  lease  than  now. 


COM'  DENBIGH. 
DYNNLLE. — MANERIU'  DE  DYNNLLE. 

NOKINA  JVRATORV*. 

Comelins  Manley  generos'  Martyn  ap  le'nn 

Dauid  ap  Hugh  Vaaghan  Bobert  Oroome 

Joh'es  Hugh  Hugh  ap  Edward 

Boger  ap  Jo.  Danid  ap  Gr.  Tho.  ap  d'd  ap  John 

Will'us  ap  Jo.  D'd  Will'm  ap  Edw.  ap  Hoel 

Edw.  ap  John  d'd  Gor'  Edw.  ap  Will'm 

Biohard  ap  Thomas  Bichard  ap  Dauid 

John  ap  Edward  Bichard  ap  John 

John  ap  John  ll'yn  John  Lloyd  ap  d'd  ap  Ho'l 

Bobert  ap  John  Bobt.  John  Wyn  d'd  ap  Hoeli 

Bichard  ap  d'd  Lloyd  Godfrey  ap  Edward. 

Qui  dicunt  super  sacramenta  sua. 

To  the  first  article  they  say  and  p'sent  that  they  have  hereafter  sett  downe 
all  ye  landes  that  they  knowe  or  have  hadd  notice  to  appertayne  vnto  ye 
Prince  within  ye  said  manno';  but  because  other  severaU  manno'  are  in  sun- 
dry places  intermixed  with  ye  saide  manno'  they  cannot  plainlie  sett  downe 
ye  meeres  and  boundes  of  this  manno'  of  Dynnelle. 

To  the  second  they  say  that  they  knowe  not  what  demeasne  landes  are  in 
the  said  manno'. 

To  the  third  they  say  that  they  knowe  not  freeholders  within  ye  said 
manno'. 

To  the  fowrth  and  fifth  articles  they  say  that  they  are  not  able  to  distin- 
guish the  auncient  seuerall  tenures  of  the  said  manno',  suche  as  ye  same 
were  before  ye  Composic'on;  but  they  referre  themselTes  to  the  p'amble. 
Further  they  p'sent  that  all  the  former  severall  tenures  of  the  said  mannor 
are  now,  by  vertue  of  the  said  Composic'on,  reduced  (as  they  take  it)  to  one 
tenure ;  and  all  or  ye  most  parte  of  ye  ten'nta  of  the  said  manno',  after  the 
Composic'on,  and  ypon  ye  taking  of  newe  grauntes,  I'res  patent,  have  sur- 
rendred  and  departed  with  theire  copies  and  other  auncient  deedea  whereby 
they  helde  before  ye  saide  Composic'on. 

To  the  fifth  article  they  further  say  that  they  do  not  know,  neither  have 
hearde,  that  any  of  ye  tennaunts  of  the  saide  manno'  ought  to  pay  any  fyne 
vppon  ye  marriage  of  their  daughters. 

Knt.  He  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  John  Puleston  Hen  of  Hafbd  y 
Wem,  by  whom  he  had  no  issue.  He  was  executed  in  Holt  Castle,  in  1534^ 
for  killing  William  Hanmer.    (Cae  Cyriog  MS.) 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXXXV 

To  the  sixth  article  they  say  that  they  knowe  of  no  Gommons  or  wastes 
the  doe  in  particole'  belonge  vnto  this  manno'. 

To  the  seayenth  article  they  say  that  there  are  seaeral  woodes  and  vnder- 
woodes  vppon  most  of  the  tenn'nts  landes,  w'ch  for  ought  they  knowe  are 
spoiled  nor  farther  vsed  than  for  ye  necessarie  behoofe  of  ye  tennants,  accord- 
ing to  ye  teno'  of  theire  lettres  patents  or  graantes. 

To  the  eighth  they  present  that  in  ye  saide  manno'  there  is  a  plotte  of 
grounde  called  Parke  Dynnlle  (nowe  disparked),  and  is  helde  by  S'r  Nicholas 
Forteecne,  Knight«  but  by  what  right  they  knowe  not. 

To  the  ninth 

To  the  tenth  they  p'sent  that  aU  the  messuages,  landes,  and  tenementes 
in  this  manned  and  the  tennants  right  thereof,  by  force  of  ye  said  Compo- 
Bic*on  are  holden  and  to  bee  holden  by  the  tennantes  thereof  for  ever  from 
fortie  yeares  to  fortie  yeares,  at,  for,  and  vnder  the  vsuall  rents,  fynes,reliefe, 
and  customes  nowe  vsed  in  this  manno',  saving  suche  landes  as  are  graunted 
for  a  shorter  tyme,  whiche  are  unknowne  to  them  (if  any  suche  bee). 

To  the  eleventh  article  they  say  they  are  ignorant  of  any  com'oditie  made 
or  to  bee  made  of  any  suche  things  as  are  menc*oned  in  the  said  article 
w'thin  this  manno'. 

To  the  x^th,  xvjth,  xvi^  th,  xxth,  xzjth,  and  xxvjth  articles,  they  say  they 
knowe  of  no  suche  thinges  as  in  any  of  ye  same  articles  are  monc'oned  and 
required,  save  onely  they  say  that  there  was  a  certoine  water  comemill, 
nowe  decayed  and  fallen  downe,  within  ye  said  manno',  w'ch  stood  vpon  ye 
side  of  a  parcell  of  lande  nowe  called  y  dolle  vawr,  w'ch  is  ye  Prince  his 
Highnes  landes,  sometymes  in  the  tenure  of  J.ohn  Wyn'  ap  S*r  Mathewe, 
and  nowe  in  ye  tenure  of  Cornelius  Manley. 

To  the  last  article  they  say  (that  they  take  it)  there  are  eightscore  perches, 
everie  perohe  conteyning  fowre  and  twentie  foote  in  the  Welch  customarie 
acre. 


Quoad  TenenteM  per  Dimisaiones,  viz,  ^: 


A.   B.  p. 


Bedd'  viy«.  i\jd.  ex'. — Will'mns  ap  Edward  ap  Hoell  tenet  vn'  mes- 

suag*  vn'  barren'  vn'  gardin'  vn'  pomariu'  per  estimac'on'  .  020 
Unam  peniiam  terr*  in  danso  vocat'  Kay  tan  y  ty  p'  estimac'on'  010 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  Yghlaw  y  Llwyn  et  vna'  aliam  parcella' 

vocat*  y  Weru*  fawr  p'  est'  .  .  .020 

Expired  4  y.  since. — Un'  al'  claus'  vocat'  y  hettie  yssa  p'  estimac'  202 
Un'  p'cell'  vocat'  yr  Erw  yn  y  Grogfyn  .  .020 

Unam  al'  p'cella'  vocat'  yr  heltye  vcha  p'  est'  .120 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  Erow  y  thinog  p'  estimac'    .  .020 

Un'  parcell'  vocaf  de  yr  Erow  heere  &  yr  Erw  Llydiart  p'  estim'  120 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  y  kae  vcha  p'  estimac'on'  .200 

Duas  parcel!'  vocat'  y  kae  issa  et  driUie  boiyon  p'  estimac'on'  120 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  Erw  y  streete  goll  p'  est'      .  .  .100 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  p'  no'ia  de  garddy  y  Lloye  et  gardd'  yr  he  luie 

p'  estimac'on'      .  .  .  .  .020 

Quoddam  steatu'  sine  viam  duce'm  a  predict'  messuag'  vers'  mont' 

ib'm  p'  estimac'o'n'  .  .020 

c<.    13    2    o 
Bedd'  xd.  ex'. — Un'  pec'  terr'  in  clans'  vocat'  y  gevfeon  vcha  p'  eat'      020 


CCXXX\'l 


ORIOINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


TJn'  horren*  et  un'  Bbopa'  sup'  vlt*  peo'  terr'  edificat'  et  vn*  pec' 
terr'  in  claus'  vocat'  y  geufron  issa  p'  estimac'on* 

vj«. 
Bed<r  vjd.  ex*. — Un'  al'  parcel!'  terr'  vocat*  y  genfron  yesa  p'  est* 
Un'  pec'  terr'  in  claus'  vocat*  bryn  y  Goeue  p'  estimac'on' 

vijs.  vjd. 
Redd' jd.  ex*. — Idem  tenet  vn'  selion'  terr'  in  parcell'  terr'  vocat' 

y  genfron  p*  estimac'on'     ....        viijd. 
Bedd'  iiijd.  ex'  3  y.  in  beinge. — Idem  Will'mus  tenet  vn'  peciani 

terr*  in  parcell'  vocat*  Maes  Llydan  varle  p'  est* 
Un'  pec'  in  parcell*  terr'  vocat'  Kay  dan  y  ty  p'  estimac'on' 
Un'  pec'  terr'  in  parcell'  vocat'  bryn  y  Coen  p'  estimac'on' 

vs. 

Redd'xvj*.  viijd.  ex' expired  4y.  since. — Bicbardus  ap  Dauid  tenet 
vn'  messuagiu'  sive  tenementu'  vn'  horo'  cum  gardin'  et  pomar' 
eide*  spectan*  ac  unam  parcellam  vocat'  p*  no'ia'  de  y  Kae  dan 
y  ty  et  y  wirglodd  p'  est'   .... 

Unam  parcell'  vocat'  Dryll  y  Stallwyn  per  estimac' 

Un'  claus'  diuis'  in  tria  vocat'  y  kay  vcb  ben  y  wern'  p'  estimac'on 

Un*  parceir  terr'  vocat'  gwerne  y  gynne  p'  estimac' 

Un'  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  gwern  y  vron  ddv  p'  estimac'     . 

Un'  parcell'  terr*  vocat'  y  vron  ddv  ganol  p'  est* 

Un'  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  y  bryn  glase  issa  p'  est' 

Ui^'  claus'  vocat'  y  bryn  glase  vcha  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  llydiart  y  mynydd  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  vron  ddv  vcba  p*  est' 

Un*  claus'  vocat*  bryn  seisillt  p'  est'  . 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  issa  p'  est'     . 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  vreith  wen  p'  extambiu'  pro  p'cell*  terr'  modo 
in  occupac'o'e  Joh'is  Lloyd  ap  dd'  ap  Hoell  voc'  y  kae  mawr  p* 
esu         .  •  ■  .  • 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  kae  glase  p'  est'     . 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  vlewog  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  bryn  pervedd  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Erw  yn  kae  yn  y  worn  p'  estimac' 

viijli.  x«. 

Redd'  xs.  add'  ixd.  Rentall  x«.  ixrf.  ex'  et  ad  volunt'.  No  lease 
showed. — Eobertus  ap  Richard  Wynn  tenet  vnu'mess'vn'horren' 
vn'  gai'd'  vn'  pouiar'  et  curtelag'  eidem  messuag'  spectan'  p*  est* 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Erw  y  Grocs  p'  estimac' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Kao  fynnon  vacr  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Maes  lleden  varle  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat*  yr  Erw  lys  p'  est* 

Un'  claus*  vocat'  yr  Erw  gar  p'  est'     . 

Un*  claus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  good  p'  est'  . 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Crogfeyn  Mawr  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  yr  Erow  ganol  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Crogfryn  Uwyd  p'  est' 


A.   R.  P< 


010 

030 
100 
010 


I   I   O 

010 

010 
020 

o  o  10 


3  10 


220 
X  o  o 
300 
020 
020 
020 
200 
200 
020 
020 
120 
020 


I  o 

I  2 

O  2 

O  2 


19 


O 

o 
o 
o 


020 
220 
I  t  o 
100 
100 
300 
300 
020 
200 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Un*  per'  terr*  in  clo'  vocat*  Erw  Evrog  p'  est*    . 
Un'  per'  teir'  in  Campo  vocat*  y  ddole  modo  divia*  in  duas  partes 
iacen^  infra  terr*  Nicholai  Fortescue  mU'  p'  estimac'o'em 

yjw.  vi\j5.  uija. 

Bedd'  x«.  ex*. — Henricus  ap  William  et  Hugo  ap  Harrye  filius  et 
heres  apparens  dieti  Henrici  tenent  vnn'  messuagiu'vn'  horrein' 
vn'  gard'  vn'  pomar*  et  cnrtelag'  eidem  messuag'  .spectan'  per 
estimac'o'em        ..... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  kae  yscallog  p'  est' 

Un'  clans*  vocat'  y  Uyudirie  p'  est*     . 

Un*  clans*  vocat'  y  ddole  Hempe  p*  est' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Dryll  y  mynke  et  vn'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Tallare  p 
estimac'  ..... 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  dd'  p'  estimac' 

Un'  clans'  nunc  diuis'  in  terr*  p'cellas  vocat'  y  frow  p*  estimac' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Ardd  goedd  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  clwt  cum  clo*  vocat'  y  g^rdd  hewip  p*  estimac* 

Un*  claus'  divis'  in  tria  vocat'  y  Crogfryn  nessa  yr  myngdd  p*  est* 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  p*  estimac'     .... 

Un'  cotagiu'  horren'  et  curtelag*  p'  est' 

Un'  Claris'  vocat'  Maes  Ueden  varle  p'  estimac'o'em 


CCXXXVll 

A.  B.  P. 
200 

020 
IS     3    o 


Kedd'  liiija.  viyd.  ex*.  Kentall  xij«.  ijd.  ob. — Will'mns  Dauid  ap 
le'nn  Lloyd  et  Edwardus  ap  William  filins  et  heres  d'c'i  Will'mi^ 
tenent  vnn'  messnag^  gard'  curtelag*  &c.  p*  estimac'o'em 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  yr  Krwtan  y  birllan  p'  est* 

Un'  clans'  vocat*  yr  Erew  gellie  p'  estimac' 

Quatuor  seliones  in  Campo  vocat*  Maes  Uydan  verle  p*  estimac'    . 

Un'  curtelag'  in  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  kae  yn  y  wem  p'  estimac'o'em 

Un'  claus'  vocat*  y  Kae  ynvy  wem  p*  est' 

Duas  parcellas  terr*  vocat'  yr  Erw  vch  ben  y  wem  vecban  p'  est* 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  kae  Coch  p'  estimac* 

Un*  clans*  vocat*  Karth  ap  Eiginon  p*  est' 

Un'  claus*  vocat'  Erw  Hylygan  p*  estimac* 

Un*  prat'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  p*  estimac' 

Un'  claus'  vocat*  y  Ardd  ffa  p'  estimac' 

Un'  claus*  vocat*  yr  Erw  Legbmedd  p*  est* 

Un*  clans*  (diuiss'  in  tria)  vocat*  yr  Erw  vawr  p'  est' 

Un'  claus*  vocat*y  bryn  Mawr  et  cotag*  o  vile  Anglice  Sheepecoate 
sup'  inde  ediflcat'  p*  est'    ..... 


o 
I 
I 
o 

o 
o 

2 
o 
I 

3 
o 

o 

I 


2  O 

0  O 
2  O 

1  O 


2 
2 
O 
2 
O 
O 
2 


O 
O 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


o  10 

2   O 


CIS.   12   3  10 


010 
020 

I  3  o 
010 

010 

100 

100 

200 

120 

020 

100 

010 

020 

200 


2   O 


1  Edward  Williams  of  Hafod  y  Bwch,  ab  William  ab  David  ab  Jenkyn 
Lloyd,  was  the  father  of  William  Williams  of  Hafod  y  Bwch,  who  married 
Mary  daughter  and  heiress  of  Eubule  Lloyd,  brother  of  Ellis  Lloyd  of  Pen  y 
Lan,  by  whom  he  had  a  son  and  heir,  Eubule  WiiHams,  who  took  the  name 
of  Lloyd  upon  succeeding  to  the  Pen  y  Lan  estates,  and  was  High  Sheriff  for 
the  county  of  Denbigh  in  17 19.  Edwaid  Williams  married  Jane,  daughter 
of  John  Powel  of  Bodylltyn,  Esq.,  brother  of  Sir  Thomas  Powel  of  Horslli, 
Bart. 


CCXXXYIU 


OBIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Un'  al'  daas'  diois'  in  qaatnor  yocat'  y  Bryne  Shyg  et  oota^  ac 
▼n'  honreiu'  saperinde  edificat'  et  2  parva  gard'  eisdem  oota^  et 
hozr*  adiaoen'  per  estimac'o'em        .... 

Johannes  Hngh  ap  John  Lloyd  tenet  vnn'  mesaaag'  horren'  vn' 
oottag'  cam  gard'  pomar'  et  cartelag*  eisdem  meesoag'  et  oot- 
tag'  spectan'  p'  estimac'o'em  .... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  tyr  Mab  y  Cor  issa  p'  est' 

Tin'  clans'  vocat'  Tir  mab  y  Cor  voha  p'  est'     • 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Tir  mab  y  Cor  or  poll  p'  est' 

ITn'  dans'  vocat'  Dol  y  £o£p¥eet  p'  estimao' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  Bhyd  rianog  et  vn'  al'  dans'  vocat'  y  nant 
p'  estimao'  ..... 

Tin'  dans'  vocat'  y  tir  gwlys  dinis'  in  dnas  parcell'  p'  estimac' 

Tres  sd'  in  dans'  vocat'  y  gensron  p'  est' 

Dnas  seliones  in  dans'  vocat'  y  gp^ereglodd  Danid  ap  John  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  y  baedd  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  OUwyn  p'  est'   .... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  y  groes  p'  est'  .... 

Un'  selion'  in  dans'  vocat'  Erw  lien  p'  est' 

lujh.  vj*.  Yujd, 

Sedd' vjd.  ex'  3  y.  in  beinge. — Ed  ward  as  ap  John  Lloyd  tenet  dnas 
paxcellas  vocat'  per  no'en  de  Tir  Mab  pleddin  p'  est'  vi\js.  ii^d. 

Bedd'  v«.  ezt'  expired  4  y.  since.  Kentall  vdi, — Danidns  ap  John 
ap  le'nn  Lloyd  tenet  vn'  messnag'  cam  qaibasdam  strnctur'  ei- 
dem  messnag*  adiaoen'  ao  vnn'  pomar'  et  vnam  parcellam  terre 
vocat'  y  ddol  p'  estimac'   .  .  «  xij^s.  iig<j. 

Danidns  ap  John  ap  le'nn  ap  David  ap  Hoell  tenet  vnn'  messnag* 
vnn'  horrenm  en'  gard'  et  cnrtdag'  p'  est'     . 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  bryn  yninny  diuiss'  in  tree  parcell'  p'  est' 

Un'  paioellam  terre  vocat'  Erw  lloyd  p'  est' 

Un'  parcellam  terre  vocat'  yr  hirdir  p'  est' 

iTJ*.  vi\jd, 

Bedd'  ii^s.  vi\id.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  nnn'  messnag'  cam  pertinen 
ciis  in  qno  ip'e  inhabitat  cnm  qaibasdam  stractar'  gard'  pomar* 
et  curtdag'         ..... 

Un'  parcell'  terr'  dinis'  in  dnas  vocat'  Kay  Dicns  p'  est* 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  lien  p'  est' 

Un'  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  Erw  lloyd  p'  est' 

Un'  parcell'  terr*  vocat'  yr  Erw  bant  yasa  p'  est' 

Ivjs.  viyd 
Bedd'  Yjd.  ext'.    Theis  are  expired  4  y.  since.    Add  vjdi.  p'  rent 

all. — Idem  tenet  vn'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  yr  kil  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  Dranswcha  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  wirglodd  vcha  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  parcell'  vocat' p'  estimac'o'em 


A.    B.  F. 


400 
18    O   0 


010 
10  0 
10  0 
10    0 

020 


I 

2 

o 
o 
o 

2 

o 
o 


o 

2 
I 

2 


O 
2 
I 
I 
I 


0  0 

o  o 

1  0 
O  90 

2  0 

0  0 

1  0 
O  20 


10    O    0 


2     0    0 


020 


I 
O 

2 
O 


0 
0 
0 
0 


5    3 


1  0 

2  0 
o  o 

O  0 

o  o 


S    S   ^ 

200 
020 
I  0  0 
I    o  0 


xxxi^s.  iigd.    4    2 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  Y8,  ext'  expired  5  y.  since. — Johannes  Wynn  ap  Daoid  ap 
Hoell  tenet  vn'  messuag'  give  tenementu'  cum  p'tinen'  in  quo 
inhabitat  p'  estimac'  ..... 

Un'parceir  terr'yocat'  p'no'ia  de  y  kae  Ehyg  et  garth  y  Kyi  p'est* 

Duas  parcell'  vocat'  Bist  Cy£Erey  p'  est' 

Tin'  parceir  Tocat'  y  Bhen  fryn  p'  estimac' 

TJn'  parcell'  vocat'  y  Kae  Mawr  y  bryn  Coch  p'  estimac' 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  karreg  y  pale  p'  estimac' 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  dryll  y  lloyd  p'  est' 

Un*  parcell'  vocat'  y  Clwt  yn  y  meru'  p'  est'     . 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  biyn  y  kill  p'  est*  .... 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  p'  no'ia  de  yr  holt  vcba  y  dryll  y  Ddyme  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  dials'  in  tria  vocat'  nant  y  Kittle  p'  est' 

lijgu. 
Bedd'  v«.  ext',  expired  5  y.  since. — Johannes  Lloyd  ap  Daoid  ap 
Hoell  tenet  vn'  messuag*  vn'  horrea'  et  curtelag*  cu'  p'tin'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  terr*  vocat'  y  kae  yn  y  mynyth  vcha  p'  est'    . 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Kae  canol  p'  estimac' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Kae  Maor  dinis'  in  tria  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  hirdir  y  pnll  p'  est'  . 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  hirdir  yesa  per  est' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  tir  mab  bleddyn  vcha  p'  est'  . 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  tyr  mab  bleddyn  issa  p'  est'   . 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Crw  Nessa  yr  forth  p'  est' 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Bost  vethedick  dials'  in  duo  p'  estimac' 

u\|M.  xi\j8.  iiga 

Bedd'  ii^f .  iigd.  ext'.— Chilfridus  ap  Edward  ap  Meredith  et  Johan 
nes  Jeffrey  filius  et  heres  apparens  predict'  Galfridi  tenet  vnu' 
messuag'  et  al'  structur*  cum  gard'  pomar'  et  curtelag'  eidem 
messuag'  spett  p'  estimac'o'em 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  bryn  ap  Ithell  vcha  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  tir  leni  issa  p'  est'  . 

Tres  sel'  in  claus'  vocat'  tir  Lenl  Canol  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  givem  y  bedw'  p'  estimac' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  kae  tan  y  gaeneth  vcha  p'  est' 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Maes  ynvodd  vcha  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Maes  nvodd  issa  p'  est' 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Wem  vechan  p'  est' 

lvj».  viyd 
Bedd'  uj8,  vd.  ext',  3  y.  in  being. — Johannes  Bobert  ap  Dauid  ap 

le'nn  tenet  vnu'  messuag'  vnu'  horreu'  et  vn'  gard'  cum  perti 

nen'  p'  est' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  yr  Errow  tan  y  ty  p'  est' 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Erw  heer  p'  est'    . 
Un*  claus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  Icha  p'  est'  , 
Un  prat'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  p'  estimac' 

xls. 
Bedd'  iiy«.  ii^d.  ext'. — Thomas  ap  Hughe  tenet  vnu'  messuag' 

vnu'  horreu'  et  curtelag'  cum  p'tinenciis  p'  est' 


CCXXXIX 

A. 

R. 

P. 

0 

I 

0 

2 

0 

0 

I 

2 

0 

I 

2 

0 

I 

0 

0 

I 

2 

0 

0 

I 

0 

0 

2 

0 

0 

2 

0 

I 

2 

0 

0 

2 

0 

II 

0 

0 

0 

I 

0 

I 

0 

0 

I 

0 

0 

3 

2 

0 

2 

0 

0 

I 

0 

0 

I 

0 

0 

I 

2 

0 

0 

2 

0 

2 

0 

0 

13  3  o 


o 
I 

2 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


I 
o 
o 
I 
I 
I 

2 
2 
2 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


S  I  o 

o  o  20 
020 
020 
100 
100 

3  o  20 
010 


ccxl 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Un'  clans'  vocat'  bryn  y  betheel  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  tir  yr  Irin  vcha  p*  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Maes  y  wodd  Canol  p'  est' 

Un'  p'ce  terr'  in  claus'  voc*  yr  Akre  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Kae  Neydd  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Cwisiade  gwiddion  issa  p'  estimac'o'em 

lvj«.  viijd, 
Bedd'  iiij«.  ext*  3  y.  in  beinge. — Edwardus  ap  Roger  tenet  vn' 

messuag'  vnu'  cottagiu'  et  vnu'  gardinu'  cum  pertlnenc'  p'  ost' 
Un*  claus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  nessa  yr  ty  per  est'     . 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  y  Wirglodd  p'  estimac' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  birth  llwyd  divis'  in  duo  p'  estimac' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Rhedyn  Dvou'  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  bryn  Coch  p'  est' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  p'  nora'  de  Erw  John  Meredd'  et  yr  Erw  vecham 

p'  estimac'     ...... 


A.  R.  P. 
100 

100 

I   I   O 

030 

030 

010 

500 

o  o  20 
100 

100 
220 
020 
120 

100 


Ixxs.       7     2  20 
Bedd'iiyfl.  vd.ext'. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  Dauid  ap  Morgan  tenet 
vnu'  messuagiu'  vn'  dom'  pis  tar*  vn'  hori'eu'  vnu'  gardinu'  et  vn* 
curtilag'  cum  pertinenc'  p*  estimac' o'em        .  .  .010 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  pen  y  kae  vcha  p'  est'  .  .  .020 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  pen  y  kae  issa  p'  est'  .  .  .  .020 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  ddol  dan  y  ty  p'  est'  .  .  .020 

Uu'  claus'  vocat*  Erow  y  Dalar  p'  est*  .  .020 

Un*  claus'  vocat*  y  kae  bychan  vcha  p'  est'        .  .  .020 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  kae  bychan  Canot  p'  est'     .  .020 

Un'  claus*  vocat'  y  kae  bychan  issa  p'  est'         .  .  .100 

Hi.  410 
Bedd'  vj«.  yd.  ext'. — Dauid  ap  Hugh  tenet  vnum  messuag'  vn' 

horreu'  et  vn'  gardin*  cum  pertinenciis  p*  estimac'       .  •       o    o  20 

Tres  parcellas  terr'  vocat' ^'  seperal'  nomina  dey  Ddol  vcha  y  ddol 

yssa  et  y  ddol  genol  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .500 

Ivjs.  viijd.       5     o  20 
Kedd'  iiijs.  vjd.  ext*. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  le'nn  ap  Dauid  ap 
Hoell  tenet  vn' messuag' vnu'  gardinu' et  horreu*  cum  pertinenc' 
p'  estimac'  •  .  .  .  •      o    o  20 

Quatuor  parcellas  terr'  vocat*  p'  speral'  no'ia  de  yr  Erw  lase  Erw 
Maes  y  pentre  Erw  Drawes  issa  et  Erw  pant  vcha  et  tres  solion' 
in  claus'  vocat'  kae  dicas  p*  estimac'  .  .  .200 

xxxiijs.  ii^jd.       2    o  20 
Bedd'  ijd.  ext*. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  John  Jenkyn  Infans  et 
secundus  filius  predict'  Johannis  ap  John  ap  Jenkyn  tenet  ex 
dono  Johannis  Boberte  Baph  vn'  messuag'  cum  p'tinen'  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em .  .  .  .  .010 
Un'  parcell'  eidem  messuag'  adiacen'  p'  est'      .               .               .      o    o  20 


xi\J5.  ii\jd.      o    I  20 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cc:idi 


Hugo  ap  John  ap  Jenkyn  ap  Daaid  ap  Hoell  tenet  vnu'  messnag' 
vna'  horreu'  et  duo  gardina  cam  p'tinen'  p'  estimao'  xd. 

Bedd'  xs.  ixd.  Sentall  \j«.  The  first  lease  of  this  was  3  7.  Eliz., 
for  21  7.  The  last  expired  4  7.  since. — Sogeras  ap  John  ap 
Dauid  ap  Gr.  tenet  ynu'  messuagia'  ac  mu'  hotreu'  oam  perti- 
nen'  p'  estimac'  ..... 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  7r  Erw  vcha  law  7 17  p'  estimao^ 

Un'  claus'  yocat'  7  Nant  issa  p'  est'    . 

Un'  daus'  vooat'  7  Nant  ycha  p'  est*  , 

Un'  clans*  vocat'  Croft  Gidliw  dials'  in  tria  olaas'  per  estimac' 

]xs 
13  acr*  concealed.    This  shoold  bee  20  acr'.    First  lease  3*0 

Eliz.«  for  21  7earB. 

Bedd'  yd.  oxt'  expired  4  7.  since. — Badnlphns  ap  John  Dauid  tenet 

vn'  meesoag*  si\re  oottagia'  vn'  gardina'  et  vn'  cart'  et  vn'  selio- 

nem  in  Erwedan  7  t7e  cum  pertinendis  p'  estimao'o'em 
Bedd'  i\j«.  jd.  ext'  expired  5  7.  since. — Tin'  parcellam  terr*  yocat' 

7  Erw  Dan  7  t7  p'  estimac'  .... 

Un'  dans'  yocat'  7r  Erow  7n  Maes  l7dan  yart  p'  est' 
T7n'  claas'  vocat'  jr  Erow  yechan  p'  estimac'    . 
Un'  daus'  yocat'  7  genfron  issa  dials'  in  qaatnor  . 

Un'  prat'  yocat'  7  Wlrglodd  yechan  ac  yn'  selion'  in  dans'  yocat' 

hordlr  7  pull  p'  estimac'    ..... 

lvj«.  yiyd. 
M'. — John  Lewis  dameth  an  acr'  of  land  in  Geufron  7  issa. 

Bedd'  xxii^JA.  yd.  ext%  i  7.  in  being. — Bobertus  Sonlie7  Junio' 
Armiger  tenefc  yn'  messuag'yn'  horreu'  yn'  gardinu'cum  pomar* 
et  curtelag'  eidem  messuag'  spectan'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Un'  daus'  yocat'  7  kae  issa  tihwnt  7  skibol  p'  estimac' 

Un'  clans'  yocat'  7  kae  yawgh  hen  7r  skibol  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat*  7r  Erw  ych  Law  7r  t7  p*  est* 

Un'  daus'  yocat*  7r  Erw  tan  7  t7  gw7ch  Ir7m  per  estimac'o'em 

Un'  claus'  yocat*  7r  Erw  ycha  p*  est* 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  7r  Erw  helig  p'  est* 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  7r  Erw  7  fo  p*  est'    . 

Un*  claus'  vocat*  Erw  lenarth  7  gardnedd  p'  est* 

Un*  claus*  vocat*  7  pant  heere  mereeog  p*  est*  . 

Un*  daus'  vocaf  7  pant  heere  dr7niog  p'  est*   . 

Un'  claus*  vocat*  7  Wlrglodd  vechan  p*  est' 

Duas  parcell'  in  daus'  vocat'  Erw  7n  heerdir  7  p'  roll  p'  estimac' 

Un'  daus*  vocat'  7T  Erw  7n  7r  heerdin  Itha  p'  est* 

Duas  paroellas  vocat'  p*  seperal*  no'ia  de  Erw  7n  7r  heerdin  Itha 
et7rKw7S 7n  7r  Erw  7r  kii  p*  est* 

Un'  claus*  vocat*  7r  wem  hesgog  p'  estimac*     . 

Un'  daus*  vocat*  kae  enion  diuis*  in  tres  p'cell*  p'  estimac*o*em 

Un*  claus*  vocat*  Maes  7  moth  p*  est*  • 

Un*  claus'  vocat*  givem  Ka7  einion  p*  est* 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Eaeilukie  p*  est* 


A.  B.  p. 
010 


o  o  20 
100 
100 
200 
300 

700 


010 

020 
020 
020 
300 

020 
S  "  o 


o 

2 
2 
I 
I 
O 
I 
I 

o 

I 

I 
o 
o 
o 


I 

o 
o 
o 

2 
2 

o 
o 

2 

o 
o 
I 

2 
2 


O 
O 
O 
O 
O 

o 
o 
o 
p 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


010 
300 
500 

200 
020 
120 


2/ 


x\jli.  25  I  o 


ccxlii 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Kedd*  vjs.  iiijd.  ob.  ext*«  expired  4  y.  since. — Bichardas  ap  John 
tenet  vn'  cottagiu'  sire  tenementu'  vnu'  horreu*  et  vn*  gardina' 
cum  pertinenciis  per  estimao'o'em  . 

Tin'  parcell'  sive  le  yard  vocat*  pen'  y  bryn  p'  est' 

Tin'  clans'  vocat'  y  Erow  nessa  yr  newydd  p'  est' 

Tin'  clans'  Tocat'  y  Kae  extra  horr'  p'  est' 

Tin'  clans'  yocat'  y  bryn  Ctooh  p*  estimac' ' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Eae  Bobt.  per  estimac' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Carreg  yr  Aben  p*  est' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  kae  Crwu*  p'  est'   . 

lxyj«.  vujd 
Bedd'  ij8.  yjd.  ext',  expired  4  y.  since.— Ellena  vx'  William  ap  Ed 

ward  et  Johannes  ap  John  Owen  filins  eins  tenent  duo  cottagia 

et  vnu'  gardin'  cum  pertinen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  le  Hopyard  et  tres  selion'  ter*  in  Maes  Uydon  Varle  p'  esti 

mao'o'em  ..... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Kae  yn  y  wem  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  Kae  Bobert  Vaughan  p'  estimac' 

xxxs. 
Bedd'  i^'«.  vjd.  ob.  ext',  expired  4  y.  since. — Johannes  ap  John  ap 

le'nn  Lloyd  tenet  vnu'  cottagiu'  sive  messnag'  vnu'  horren'  et 

vn'  curtdag'  cum  pertinen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Kae  bichan  p'  estimac' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Kae  Mawr  dinis'  in  dnas  p'cdl'  p'  estimac' 
Un'  pec'  terre  in  dans'  vocat'  Evrog  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  p'  no'ia  de  yr  Erow  et  yr  nant  p'  estimac' 

xls 

Bedd'  \js.  vjd.  exV,  3  y.  in  beinge. — Dauid  ap  John  ap  Edward  et 

Hugo  ap  Edward  filins  et  heres  apparens  tenent  vn'  cottag'  sive 

messnag'  et  vn'  pedn'  Dom'  cum  dnos  curtdag'  an'ce  vocat'  Two 

hemp  yardes  per  estimac'o'em         .... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  pant  p'  estimac'    .... 

Dnas  sdiones  anglice  headland  et  peclam  prati  in  Clo'  vocat'  tyr 

y  brayn  p*  est'     ...... 

xvj«. 
Bedd'  iiiijd.  ext'.— Idem  tenet  vn'  selion'  Anglice  a  butt  in  Clo' 
voc'  tir  y  brayn  p'  estimac'  .      xviyi. 

Un'  clans'  vocat*  yr  Erw  vcha  p'  estimac' 

vj«.  vujd. 

Bedd'  \jd.  ext'.  Theis  last  expired  5  y.  since. — Idem  tenet  vnam 
parcellam  vocat'  yr  Erw  newydd  p'  estimac'  vijs.  iigd. 

Bedd'  jJ8,  vd.  ad  j  di.  ext',  3  y.  m.  beinge. — Danid  ap  Boger  ap  John 
ap  Edw.  tenet  vn'  precarin'  dom'  sive  cottag*  ac  vn'  peda'  terr' 
vocat*  yy  Ardd  hymp  p'  est'  .... 

Un  clans'  vocat'  Careg  yr  ynys  p'  estimac' 

Dnas  parcellas  in  Clo'  vocat'  tir  y  brayne  p'  estimac'o'em 


A.   B.   p. 


0  O  23 
100 
020 
100 
120 

1  2  O 
100 
120 

8  o  20 


o  o  20 


0  I 
2  o 

1  o 


o 
o 
o 


I  20 


I   I   o 

120 

O   E   O 

100 
400 


010 
020 

020 

I   I   o 

010 
100 


110 

020 


010 
020 
020 


XVJ«. 


ORIGINAL   nOCUMKNTS.  CCxliii 

▲.  s.  p. 
Bedd'  xiid.  .ext'.— Johannes  Thomas  ap  William  tenet  m'  cotta- 

giu'  et  vn'  curtelag'  sire  le  hemp  yard  cum  pertinen'  p*  estim'  o  o  20 
Unam  paroellam  terre  rocat*  Kae  de  diais'  in  quatuor  parcellas  p' 

estimao'  .  .  .  .200 

IJnam  parcellam  terre  vocat'  tir  y  tatio  ilho  p'  esbimac'o'em         .      020 

zxx(2.      2    2  20 
Bedd'  xijd.  ext'. — Danid  ap  Thomas  ap  William  tenet  vnum  cotta- 
giu*  cam  pertinenciis  et  daas  parcellas  ten*e  vocat'  per  seperaV 
nomina  de  Dryll  y  leeog  et  tir  y  tatw  p'  estimao'  xij«.     100 

Bedd'  ii^«.  j^d.  ext\ — Johannes  ap  Bichard  ap  ll'en  et  Edwardos 
ap  John  ap  Bichard  tenet  vnu'  cottagiu'  vnu'  horrea'  cum  cur- 
telag*  p'  est'        .  .  .  .010 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Eae  vch  ben  y  ty  p'  est'  .100 

Un'  claus'  yocat'  gwem  y  talcre  p'  estimac'  .020 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  y  Eae  gwyn  issa  p'  est'  /  .020 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Erow  churthin  p'  est'  .020 

Un'  parcoll'  yocat'  pen  y  Bhos  p'  est'  .010 

Un'  dans'  yocat'  y  Kant  p'  estimac'   .  .100 

Duas  paroell'  yocat' p'  s'peral'  no'i'a  dey  Kay  gwyn  ycha  et  y  dryll 
p'  estimac'  .  .  .110 

xk.      510 
Bedd'  in  precedent'. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  Bichard  fil'  secundus 
predict'  Johannis  ap  Bichard  ap  ll'en  tenet  ex  dono  prod'  pris** 
sni  sub  redditu  ijd.  unu'  cottagiu'  et  yn'  curtelag'  yocat'  Ardd 
y  ty  Bhedyn  et  meditat'  parcell'  terr*  yocat'  pen  y  Bhos  eidem 
cottagio  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em    .  .  .  yj«.      020 

Bedd'  izd.  ext'. — Idem  Johannes  ap  Bichard  ap  ll'en  tenet  ynu' 
parcellam  terre  yocat'  Bryn  chwythyn  et  yna'  aliam  parcellam 
prat'  in  do'  yocat'  Erw  bryn  Howell  p'  estimac'  yy«.      100 

Bedd'  ii\j«.  ext'. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  Edwarde^  tenet  yn'  mes- 
Buagiu'  yn'  horreu'  yn'  gardinu'  et  ynu'  pomar'  cum  pertinenciis 
p'  est'    .  .  .  .  .  .      o    o  20 

Unu'  parcella'  terr'  yocat'  bryn  Shery  diuis'  in  duas  parcellas  p' 

estimac'o'em  .  .100 

Unam  parcellam  yocat'  yr  Erw  yn  y  Eae  tan  y  gamedd  yssa  per 
estimac'o'em        .  .  .  .  .020 

Un'  parcellam  yocat'  yr  Erw  yn  y  Eae  tan  y  gamedd  Itha  p'  est'       020 
Unam  parcella'  yocat'  y  talare  yn  y  Eae  tan  y  gamedd  et  partem 

p'cell'  terr'  yoc'  yr  akre  p'  estimac'o'em        .  .100 

Un'  parcellam  terre  yocat'  pen  issa  bryn  mab  Itheg  p'  estimac'    .      020 
Unam  parcellam  yocat'  tir  yr  Iryn  Canol  diuis'  in  duas  parcellas 
p'  estimac'  .  .  .100 

^  John  ab  John  ab  Edward,  of  the  Nant  in  Dinhinlle  Uchaf,  ab  Dayid  ab 
leuan  (or  John)  ab  lenkyn  ab  Llewdyn  ab  Ithel  Goch,  descended  from 
Bleddyn.  fourth  son  of  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Bichard  Jones,  the  eldest 
son  of  John  ab  John,  married  Anne,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Bobert  ab 
Bandle  of  Dinhinlle  Uchaf,  and  sold  his  own  lands  and  his  wife's  to  Ellis 
Lloyd  of  Pen  y  Lan. 


CCXliv  OHIOTNAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A.    K.    P. 

Un'  parcellam  vocat'  j  taUarey  p'  estimac*  .  .020 

Un'  parcellam  vocat*  tir  yr  Iiyn  Nessa  yr  ty  p'  eetimac'o'em         .      030 
Un'  parcellam  in  clans'  vocaV  yr  Erow  ymron  chiyithiii  p'  estim'       030 

Bedd'  iij«.  ezf .— BichardoB  ap  Thomas  infans  tenet'  vnn*  parcell' 
terr'  in  clans'  vocat'  y  Eae  yn  y  mynich  issa  ezisten'  p*t'  tene- 
ment' nnp*  Bicbardi  ap  Danid  ap  Howell  defunct'  p'  estimac'o'- 
em         .....  iijs.  wjd.      020 

Bedd'  iiy  d.  ext'. — Johannes  Lewya  et  D'd  Lewys  tenet  vn'  parcell' 

ten'  in  clo'  vocat'  y  Kae  tan  y  gamedd  p'  estimac'o'em  .      100 

Un'  p'ceir  in  do'  vocat'  y  Kae  yr  vownog  p'  est'  .  .010 

Un'  p'cell'  in  do'  vocat'  yr  helt  yssa  p'  est'       .  .  .      o    o  20 

Un'  p'cell'  in  do'  vocat'  pen  y  gamedd  fawr  p'  estimac'  .      o    o  20 

Un'  parcelle'  in  do'  vocat'  yr  gwflh>n  yssa  p'  est'  .  .100 

xii\j«.    220 
Bandle  ap  John  Dauid^  holdeth  this  parcell. 
Bedd'  Ixvjd.  ezt'. — Idem  Johannes  et  d'd  Lewis  tenet  vnn'  paicdl' 

in  dans'  vocat'  pen  y  gamedd  fawr  p'  est'     •  .  ,010 

Un'  al'  parcell'  vocat'  yr  Erow  vechan  oddiar  y  gamedd  vna'  par- 
oella'  in  dans'  vocat'  y  Eae  yr  vownog  et  vna  parcella'  in  dans' 
vocat'  Eae  yr  helt  p'  estimac'  .220 

zx«.      230 

Eledd'  iig«.  yjd.  exi\ — Idem  Johannes  et  d'd  Lewys  tenent  vna' 
cottagla'  vnn'  horreu^  cum  gardino  et  septem  clans'  terr'  viz. 
vna'  clans'  vocat'  kae  Ithinog  modo  diuis'  in  quinque  parcellas 
vn'  al'  dans'  vocat'  y  gamedd  feeban  vn'  prat'  vocat'  y  wem 
goch  vn'  dans'  vocat'  akre  bychan  vn'  al'  clans'  vocat'  y  Ewisl- 
dde  gwiddion  vcha  vn'  al*  clans'  vocat'  yr  helt  issa  quatnor  selion 
in  clans'  vocat'  Eae  yr  vownog  p'  estimac'o'em  Iv^s.  iigd. 

Redd'  y«.  izd.  ezt*. — Idem  Johannes  et  dauid  tenet  qnatuor  dans' 
terr'  et  pastur*  vocat'  y  grostydd  p'  estimac'    .  .    xx\j«. 

Bedd'  v«.  i^d,  ezt'. — Idem  Johannes  et  Danid  tenent  vn'  dom'  vnn' 
cottagiu'  cum  g^d'  et  dans'  terr*  diuis'  in  dnas  parcellaa  vocat' 
Bryn  y  velyn  p'  estimac'o'em  .... 

Tres  parcellas  vocat'  p'  n'o'i'a  sive  per  nomina  de  tir  y  gwas  19  ew- 
ydd  Itha  p'  est'   ...... 

zzxvj«.  vi^d. 
Bedd'  zv«.  vijd.  ezt'.— GrifiEinns  Mathewe  generos'  tenet  vn'  mes- 

snag'  et  vnn'  horr*  cnm  p'tin'  p'  est* 
Un'  curtelag'  Angl're  a  hempyard  et  vn'  clans'  vocat'  the  Nant  p' 

estimac' 

n'  parcell'  terr*  vocat'  y  Sovel  Bhyg  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  lase  p'  estimac' 
Un'  dans'  vocat*  terre  y  gwas  Newydd  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erow  Newydd  p'  est' 

^  Bandle  ab  John  ab  David  ab  Llewelyn  ab  John  of  Fen  y  Bryn  in  the 
parish  of  Bhiwfabon. 


5 

2 

0 

2 

3 

0 

I 

0 

0 

2 

0 

0 

3 

0 

0 

0 

0 

20 

0 

2 

0 

I 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

I 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCxlv 

A.    B.  P. 

Tin'  clans'  vocat*  yr  Erw  heere  p'  est'  .100 

Un'  prat'  vooat'  y  wirglodd  p'  est'      .  .020 


li\js.  mjd.      5    o  20 
Bedd'  iijli.  ext^— Idem  Chriffith  tenet  ynn'  molendin*  Granal'  p' 

pioneth  Mylne  onm  corsn  aqne  et  mnletar  iVm  .         lxz«.  vlt'  redd' 

His  lease  mnst  be  called  for.^Nicholaus  Fortescne  miles  tenet 
vn'  messoag'  vn'  horreu*  yn'  gardin'  et  vn'  enrt'  cum  p*tinenoiis 
p'  estimac'  .  .  .010 

It  is  escheat  lande  upon  attaynder,  ten't  ante  diais'  ad  volnns'. — 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Eae  Dv  p'  estimac'  .  .020 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Hedyn  dinis'  in  qnatnor  partes  per  estimac'         300 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Erv  varlen  p'  est'    .  .  .  .100 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Eae  Mawr  dinis'  in  qnatno'  parcell'  per  estim'      300 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Kae  Dyrris  dinis'  in  dnas  paroellae  p'  estimac'      200 

630 
Idem  tenet  vnn'  cottagin'  cam  gard'  p'  est'  .  .010 

Partem  danse  vocat'  y  ddol  p'  est'      .  .  .100 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  y  Wirglodd  p'  est'     .  .  .  .100 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Eae  glase  p'  est'  .  .  .  .100 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Erow  y  llwyfan  dinis'  in  dnas  parcellas  p'  estim'      100 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Eae  y  pistill  p'  estimac'         .  .  .010 

Un'  parcell'  vocat'  yr  Erw  vechan  in  dans'  vocat'  yr  heerdir  ac 
tres  selion  Anglice  Pikes  in  dans'  vocat'  heerdir  y  pwU  Ac  vnn' 
selion'  Anglice  hadland  in  clans'  vocat'  bryn  Coach  ac  vn'  crofb 
in  clans'  vocat'  y  Eae  Maior  p'  est'  .  .  .100 

Un'  parceU'  in  clans'  vocat  y  ddol  Hayedd  in  occ*  Dauidi  ap  Hngh 
p'  estimac'  .  .  .  .  .  .020 

Tres  selion'  in  clans'  vocat'  terre  y  brayn  p'  est'  ,010 

610 

Idem  tenet  vnn'  cottagin'  sive  messnag*  vn'  horren'  et  cnrtelag' 

Anglice  verd'  p'  estim'      .               .               .               .               .  o    o  20 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Nant  et  vn'  parcell'  voc'  yr  Erow  vechan  p'  est'  200 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Eay  bichan  dinis'  in  dnas  p'cellas  p'  est'         .  120 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  Lase  dinis'  in  tres  parcellas  p'  est'          .  200 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  bryn  Sheringe  dinis'  in  duas  parcellas  p'  estim'  120 
Dnas  parcellas  vocat'  p'  seperal'  nomina  de  Dryll  y  ddyme  et 
Errow  yn  y  Maes  p'  est'    .               .               .                              .020 

7    2  20 
Bedd'  vij«.  ad  vol'. — Tenet  etiam  vn'  dans'  vocat'  y  Eay  hova  nn' 
dans'  vocat'  y  Eay  Madodc  nn'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  vawr  et  nn' 
dans'  vocat'  gweme  ddve  dinis'  in  dnas  parcellas  p'  estimac'   .      500 
Idem  tenet  vn'  dans'  dinis'  in  duo  vocat'  Eay  Coch  p'  est'  .      300 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  crofb  y  Sam  Ar  dinis'  in  dno  p'  est'      .  .400 

Tres  clans'  nnp'  Mon'  vocat'  Eay  yerworth  p'  estimac'o'em  700 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Eay  glase  nnnc  dno  p'  est'  .  .320 

Tres  clans'  terr'  cnm  cottag^  vocaf  Eay  Corr  p'  est'        .  .400 

Dnas  clans'  vocat'  Eay  yerworth  vcha  p'  est'    .  .  .300 

Un'  al'  clans'  adiacen'  p'  est'  .  .  .220 


ccxlvi 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Un'  claas'  irooat'  Kay  yerworth  issa  p*  est* 

Un'  al*  olaus'  adiacen*  Tocat'  Eay  yerworth  p'  est' 

nn'  al*  dans'  cam  cottag*  edificat'  cum  qaatao*  croft  vocat'  Kay 

deon  p'  estim'     .  .        '       . 

Un'  CFoft  adiaoen'  yocat'  y  gerddy  p'  est' 
XJn'  clans'  (diniss'  in  qnatnor)  yocat'  gwem  gweUean  on'  cottag 

sup'  edificat'  p'  estimao'    .... 
Un'  dans'  dinis'  in  dno  vocat'  Kay  yr  p'  est'    . 
Tin'  dans'  Yocat'  tir  y  porthea  in  duob'  p'  est' 
Un*  clans'  vocat*  y  vyrddy  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  Werglodd  vechan  y  Kay  Dany  p'  est'    . 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kayne  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  al'  prat'  vocat'  Wipglodd  y  Kay  d'd  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  arr*  vocat'  tire  Erion  ddv  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  adiacen'  in  campo  Bob'ti  <jhx>me  p'  eSi' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  £rw  bryn  iuzta  dom'  Johannis  Goz  p*  estimac' 
Unam  peciam  ter'e  in  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  gior  Lloyd  vocat'  y 

drillie  cochian  p'  est'         .... 
Unam  parcella'  terr'  in  campo  vocat'  y  trowsdyr  p'  est' 
Dnas  seliones  iuzta  dora'  Hngonis  ap  Edward  p'  est' 


Idem  Kicholans  Fortescue  Miles  tenet  parcum  predict*  qui  dinidit 

in  partes  seqnen'  viz.  : 
Ad  volnnt'. — Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Errow  de  terr'  arrabil'  cont'  p' 

est'        .... 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  Margh  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  glase  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Gwem  vaugbog  continen'  p'  est* 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Feme  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  lawnt  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Gwastad  y  parke  p'  est* 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Errow  Goz  p'  est'     . 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  Glase  p'  est* 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  pen  Hyley  continen'  p*  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  tire  Newth  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  claua'  vocat'  yr  heer  Wem  y  wayer  cent*  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  hier  Worn  Byse  p*  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  hier  Wem  Good  p'  est' 
Un'  dans*  vocat'  Kay  crnn  per  estimac' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  yn  ynidl  y  tey  continen'  p'  est' 
Unam  parcellam  nunc  in  3  p'cell'  dinis'  voc'  pike  John  ap  Edw, 

Coed  Kay  vcha  et  Coed  Kay  Canol  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  Kay  gwyn  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  pan  y  gathe  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  y  ddole  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  y  ddole  Bydy  Kyrw  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  pant  Mawr  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  parke  bighan  cont'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  Kay  John  Uoyd  ap  lo'nn  continen'  p'  est' 
Un'  parcell'  vocat'  Kay  Danid  ap  John  lloyd  p'  estimac' 


A.  B.  P, 
120 

200 

220 
020 


4 

3 
6 

I 

o 

I 

o 

2 
o 
o 


2 

o 
o 

2 
2 
2 

3 

3 

2 

2 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


300 
100 
020 

57  o  o 


2 

0 

0 

•   3 

2 

0 

.   8 

0 

0 

.  26 

0 

0 

.  12 

0 

0 

II 

I 

0 

6 

0 

0 

•   4 

0 

0 

•   7 

2 

0 

12 

0 

0 

.  16 

0 

0 

.  10 

0 

0 

.   8 

3 

0 

.  16 

0 

0 

■   4 

0 

0 

•   3 

0 

0 

•  13 

2 

0 

.  16 

0 

0 

.   6 

0 

0 

.   4 

I 

0 

10 

0 

0 

.  26 

2 

0 

.   8 

0 

0 

10 

0 

0 

•   9 

0 

0 

OBIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


ccxlvii 


Un'  parcell'  vocat'  Kay  Robert  ap  John  p'  est' 
Un*  parccir  vocat*  Kay  yr  skibo'  p*  est' 


A. 

R. 

P. 

8 

I 

O 

12 

O 

o 

In  toto  414  acr'  cxxzm^t.  Yj«.  vi^jd. 
The  whole  shonlde  be  but  160  acr*  y'  254  aor*  ouerplos,  his  whole 

rente  by  the  rentall,  Ivs,  yu^d. 
In  toto  he  holdeth  414  acr'^  all  escheated  landes  upon  the  at- 
tainder of  one  Eton ;  his  lease  not  seene,  nor  his  rente  knowne. 
Bedd'  zzxvs.  xd.  ezt',  3  y.  in  beinge. — Cornelius  Manley  generos' 
tenet  vnu'  ten't'  cum  pertinenciis  et  sex  claus'  terr*  modo 
diuis'  in  duodecimo  seperal'  parcell'  viz. : 
Unam  p'cell'  terr*  vocat'  y  Nant  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  in  duas  pec'  vocat'  Kay  Tamo'  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  claas'  yocat'  tire  shrat  p'  estimac' 
Un'  al'  claas'  vocat'  y  ddol  vawr  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  claas'  vocat'  y  ddol  ganol  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  claas'  vocat'  y  ddol  vechan  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  claas'  vocat'  yr  Ahre  y  pullet  p'  est' 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  gwern  y  Calch  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  prat'  vocat'  gwern  y  Calch  p*  est' 
Un*  claus'  vocat'  Kay  le'nn  Uoyd  p*  est' 
Un*  al'  claus*  vocat'  yr  helt  whedd  p*  est' 
Un*  prat'  voc'  y  werglodd  vawr  p'  est' 
Ac  vn*  al'  acr'  prat'  p*  estimac'o'em    . 

vLga.  VJ5.  vi\)a 
Kedd'  y«.^*d.  ext',  expired  5  y.  since,  ad  volant'. — Idem  tenet  vnu' 

cottagiu'  et  tres  claus'  terr'  voc'  y  Skethery  p'  cstimac'oem 
Un'  al'  cotag'  et  duo  croft*  voc'  Erw  yr  street  . 

xx« 
Bedd'  x\jd.  ext'.— Tenet  etiam  cursum  aque  de  Del*  ad  seruiend' 
amissam  molend'  edificat*  super  terr*  vocat'  Erow  da  Dyr  et 
redd'  inde  p'  ann'. 
Kcdd'  jjs,,  I  y.  in  beinge. — ^Martinus  ap  le'nn  tenet  vn*  messuag' 
et  quedam  stractur'  sup'  gardd*  y  pentre  edificat'  cum  gard'  et 
pomar'  eidem  messaag'  spectan'  p*  estimac* 
Predio'a  parcell'  vocat'  gard'  y  pentie  p*  est' 
Duas  parcell*  vocat'  per  seperal'  no'i'a  de  y  Kay  shone  et  Kay 
David  p'  estimac'o'em        ..... 
Daas  parcell'  vocat'  p'  seperall'  noi'a  de  Kae  Krwnne  vychan  et 
Kae  Krwnne  mawr  p*  est'  .... 


272    o    o 


o 

3 
3 

3 

2 

2 
I 
I 
I 

2 

3 

2 

I 


o 
o 

6 
4 


2 
o 
I 
o 

2 
2 

3 
o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 


2 
2 


O 
O 
O 
O 
O 
O 
O 
O 
O 
O 

o 
o 
o 


26      2      O 

220 
100 

320 


O 

o 


o    o 


o    o 


Ixxiijs.  ii\jd.  11  00 
Bedd'  laid,  ext'  one  y.  in  beinge. — Idem  tenet  vn'  claus*  terr' 

vocat'  Kay  Gruffith  p*  e8timao'o*em  .  .        vi^s.      100 

Bedd'  iijtf.  ii^jd.  ext'  one  y.  in  beinge. — Edwardus  ap  John  ap 

Dauidd  Goch^  tenet  vnam  parcell'  voc'  y  Wern  vawr  p'  est'  xx«.      300 


^  Edward  ab  John  ab  David  Goch  of  T  Gaerddin  in  the  township  of  Bod- 
ylltyn  in  the  parish  of  Bhiwfabon.    He  was  the  father  of  John  of  Gaerddin, 


CCxlviii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Sedd'  ziig«.  ezt\ — Edwardus  ap  John  Owen  tenet  vn'  tenementa' 
cam  pertinenciis  vn'  gard'  vn'  pomar'  et  deoem  parcel!'  terr' 
viz't  tin'  parcellam  vocat'  groat  Qanire  un'  al'  parcell'  Yocaf  yr 
Axdd  nn'  al'  parcell'  vocat'  Kae  Tader  on'  prat'  yocat'  7  Wirg- 
lodd  an*  clans'  vocat  tir  y  pant  an'  al'  dans'  vooat'  Erw  yr  Maen 
un'  al'  dans'  yocat'  y  tir  Newydd  an'  al*  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw 
godled  nn'  al'  clans'  yocat*  Kae  yr  cockshntt  ao  etiam  dnas  seli- 
ones  in  clans'  vocat'  Erw  yr  gwr  lloyd  et  qnasdam  selion'  in 
dans*  vocat'  pameth  vaes  p'  estimac'  .       yii^lt.    20    o    o 

Bedd'vj«.  iigd.  ext'.— Edwardns  ap  John  ap  Edward  et  Thomas  ap 

Edward  tenet  qnatnor  parcellas  terr'  vocat' per  ostima- 

oo'em    .....  liijt.  ii^d.       700 

Bedd'  nis.  ezt'.— Johannes  Gk>ch  tenet  vnn'  messnagin*  sire  cot- 
tagin'  et  vnam  parcellam  (mode  dinia'  in  tves  paroellas  vocat' 
tir  y  vron  et  vn*  parcell'  vocat'  perth  y  ynvia  duas  seliones  in 
dans'  voc'  parweth  fais  et  qnataor  selion'  in  parcell'  terr'  vocat' 
Erw  yr  gwr  lloyd  continen'  in  toto  per  est'    .  .       zxxs.       220 

Bedd'  zj8.  ext'  ad  volant*.  No  lease^  bat  a  cop'. — Margareta  verch 
John  tenet  vn'  mess'  et  ad  strnctnr*  eidem  messoag'  spec  tan' 
et  qaatao'  parcellas  terre  vocaf  per  s'peral'  no*i'a  dee  Tree 
Bobert  Coed  terr*  Bobert  yr  Erw  galed  et  yr  Erw  leab  p*  esti- 
mac'     .  .  zzzs.       300 

Bedd*v«.  injd,  ext*. — Hugo  ap  Edward  tenet  vnn'  messuagia'  vnn' 
horreu'  unam  parcellam  terre  vocat'  y  Bofb  Jenkyn  dials'  in 
qnatuor  parcellas  et  vnam  parcellam  terre  vocat  y  Nant  qnatnor 
selion*  terr*  in  Campo  vocat*  parveth  vaes. 

Bedd*  vigs.  vjd.  ext',  add'  iidi.,  rentale  xilgs. — Tenet  etiam  qna- 
taor parcellas  in  dans*  vocaf  Erw  gwr  llwyd  vn*  parcell'  vocat' 
y  fergay  vcba  vn'  parcell'  vocat'  ysgwydd  y  iron  dnas  selion*  in 
Campo  vocat*  DryUey  y  Eay  helig  vnam  p*cella*  in  clans'  vocat' 
bron  chwythin  vn'  parcellam  vocat'  Dryllie  y  gwgyn  vnam  par- 
cellam vocat'  y  trawsdir  vn'  parcell'  vocat'  yr  Erw  wen  vn'  al' 
parcellam  in  alio  Campo  vocat'  p*  vith  faes  et  vnam  parcell*  in 
clans'  vocat*  y  frow  per  estimac'o'em  in  toto  .  •     1 1     o    o 

Tenet  et  vnam  parcellam  in  Xpioneth  veohan  voc*  Kay  tan  y  gar- 
nedd  issa  p*  estim*  .  .  .  .100 


Ixziy «.  ii^  d,  ext'  1 2 
Bedd'  ix5.  vjd.  ext*  expired  p' 5  anno. — Bobertns  Grome  tenet  vnn' 
messaag*  vn*  horreu*  vn'  gardin*  vn*  pomar*  et  septem  p'cdl' 
terr*  vocat'  p*  seperal'  no*i'a  de  Kay  Bhys  nessa  yr  street  Kay 
Bhys  vychan  Erw  yr  Sarne  grost  y  Sam  y  wem  nessa  y  wem 
Itha  et  y  bawdiyr  diuis'  in  duas  parcellas  (quarn*  tres  sel' 


the  father  of  Tkomas  of  Gaerddin,  whose  son,  John  Thomas  of  Ghierddin^ 
sold  his  inheritance  to  Eiis  Lloyd  of  Pen  y  Llan,  or  to  his  brother,  Eabole 
Lloyd,  who  built  a  new  hall  there.  John  Thomas  died  in  a.d.  169a  David 
Goch  of  Y  Gaerddin  was  a  descendant  of  Oadwgan  Frych,  commonly  called 
Y  Brych  of  Caerddin,  the  second  son  of  Oadwgan  Goch  ab  Y  Gwion  ab  Hwfa, 
eldest  son  of  Ithel  Felyn,  lord  of  lal.    (Oae  Cyriog  MS.) 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCxlix 

A.    B.  p. 

Anglioe  butt*  sunt  except)  et  vn'  prat*  vooat*  y  Werglodd  p'  eeti- 
mac'o'em  .....         lzz«.     ii     20 

£edd'iiy«.  ijd,  ext'.>-Margareta  Williams  vidua  tenet  yna'  messa- 
agiu'  vn'  dom'  fomat  Anglice  u  Kilne  house  Tn'  gardin'  vn* 
pomariu'  Ynam  parcella'  vocat'  Kay  yr  Eol  tree  parvas  parcellas 
vocat'  Kay  yr  Kol  tres  parvas  parceUod  vocat'  Kay  han  vnu' 
parva  prat'  p*  est'  ....  xl«.      320 

Bedd'  xiij«.  vjd.  exV.  There  pass  in  his  lease  but  8  acr',  so  he  hath 
21  acr'  surplus,  and  yet  sayd  20  were  concealed;  29  y.  in  beinge. 
— Eichardns  ap  Thomas  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  ante  hac  edifi- 
cat'  per  quendam  Ed*rum  ap  Danid  super  parcella'  terr*  Tocat* 
Kae  Kenric  ap  Dom'  structur'  gardin'  pomar'  curtelag*  et  qua- 
tuor  parcellas  terr*  eidem  spectan'  quoru'  prima'  parcella'  vocat' 
Kay  Kenrick  secunda  Erw  veiler  tertia  gwem  yr  ewig  et  qua- 
tuor  y  ddol  tan  y  Wlrglodd  tria  croft'  adiacen'  infra  terr'  vocat' 
p'  yeth  vaes  et  sex  al'  parcellas  terre  quaru'  prim'  vocat'  yr  Erw 
dalar  secunda  y  gelly  tertia  yocat'  gard'  vadock  quart'  Erw  pen 
Gwych  quinta  Kae  gwervil  et  sezta  yr  Erw  vranter  et  vnu' 
p'cell'  vocat'  Wyris  Dicus  in  toto  p'  est'         •  .        z^2i.    29    o    o 

Bedd'  vijd.  ext'. — Idem  Eichardus  ap  Thomas  tenet  vn'  al'  p'cella' 

vocat'  Kay  y  Kiydd  p'  eetimac'       .  .  .         iiijs.      200 

Bedd'  xxd.  ob.  ext'.— Quer*  de  Ed'ri  ap  Will'm  tenet  vn*  claus* 

terre  in  Xp'oneth  vachan  p'  estimao'  .  .        xxx«.      400 

Bedd'  viy«.  ii^'d.  ext'.— Tenet  etiam  vn'  al'  tenementu'  ib'm  et 

duas  clans'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  Ixzvjs.  iiijd.    12    o    o 

Bedd'  xiiij«.  viijd.  ext'. — Will'mus  ap  John  Danid  tenet  vnum 

inessuagiu'  gard'  et  pomar*  p'  estimac'  '.  .  .010 

Un'  claus'  vocat*  yr  Kay  gwaier  p'  est*  .  .120 

In  Campo  vocat'  y  Croft  p'  estimac'em  .  .320 

Tin'  claus'  vocat'  bron  y  Tumo'  p'  estimac'       .  .100 

Al*  claus'  vocat'  Y  Kavenney  p'  est'   .  .  .  .100 

Un'  claus*  vocat'  Kay  heere  p'  est*      .  .  .200 

Un'  clans*  vocat'  lettie  wen  et  al'  claus*  vocat*  pen  y  Ian  p'  estim'      200 
Un*  claus'  vocat*  yr  overgay  p'  estimac'o'em     .  .  .      i    o    o 

Un  al'  claus*  vocat'  gwem  yr  overgay  hyd  y  nant  p*  estimac'o'em      100 
Un'  claus*  vocat'  dol  grwmwhel  p'  est*  .  .  .200 

In  Campo  vocat*  Erw  yr  gwr  Lloyd  qnatuor  pec'  et  una'  cottag* 

sup'inde  ediflcat'  p*  estimac'o'em     .  .  .100 

In  Campo  vocat*  y  p'  veddvaes  duas  parcellas  p*  estimac*  .      020 

Duas  parcellas  quaru'  vn'  vocat'  gard*  Madock  alter  vocat'  adwe 
viddyr  p*  est*       .  .  .  .  .  .100 

Un*  claus*  Edwardi  ap  John  Owen  Gr.  duas  seliones  et  tres  selion* 
Anglice  pikes  in  claus*  vocat'  p'  veddvaes  nessa  et  Erw  gwr 
llwyd  p'  est'        .  .  .  .  .020 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  pen  Uydiarde  p'  estimac'         .  .  .020 

Un'  claus*  vocat'  yr  Erw  gan  p'  estimac'  .  .200 


ixZi.    20    3    o 
Bedd*  iij«.  ext'. — ^Jarret  Eyton*  Ar*  tenet  vnu*  p*cella'  vocat'  bron 
y  pwrs  et  4  p'cell*  in  clo*  voc*  Erw  gwr  llwyd  p'  est'  xxiij«  iiijd.      320 

^  Gerard  Eyton  of  Eyton,  Esq.,  was  the  second  son  and  eventual  heir  of 

2? 


ccl  *  OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.     B.    P. 


Bedd'  xyj<.  ij<2.  ext*. — Idem  (^erardus  tenet  vn'  ten'ta'  et  viginti 

qnatuor  tud'  terr'  et  pastor*  cu'  p'tinen*  Id  Djnn'lle  p'  est'    xU.    24    o    o 

F  rental*  xzvj«.  yigd.,  and  for  the  s'  waye  13  short  of  vj«.  ixd. 

Que  qaidem  viginti  et  quatno*  acr'  sunt  pV  et  parodr  ten*t' 

nup*  Joh'is  Soger  Broughton  defanct*  et  ten't'  Ed'ri  ap 

Bobert  ap  John  ap  Bichard. 

Bedd'  ii\j«.  ext'.  In  Moreton,  see  fo.  105. — Dauid  ap  John  ap  le'nn 

(xoch^  tenet  vn'  ten't'  et  diaers'  terr*  in  Dynnlle  et  Morton        .       400 
Bedd'yjd.  eit*. — Edwardus  Eyton  Armiger'  tenet  vnu*  p'celP  terr* 
in  clo'  Yooat'  y  berth  vawr  et  tres  selion'  in  do'  voc'  per  neddvaes 
nessa  p'  estimac*  .  .  .  .  .200 

Bedd'  iiijf.  zjd.  ext'  ad  volant',  2  y.  in  beinge.~Tdem  tenet  vn' 
messuag'  et  g^ardiu'  cu'  p'tinen'  in  tenor*  Willim'  Price  et  qoa- 
toor  p'cell'  terr*  p*  estimac'o'em  .500 

Idem  tenet  etiam  vn*  measoagf  in  tenora  Gwen'  veech  Edward 

vid*  et  qoatoor  p'cell*  terr*  p'  estimao'  .  .  .320 

Idem  tenet  vn'  parcell'  terr*  vooat'  yr  Erw  glowth  in  ocoopac'one 
Jane  verch  Hogh  p'  estimao'o'em    .  .  .100 

uult.  II  20 
Bedd*  xy d.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  dnas  parceUaa  terr'  vocaV  p'  seperal' 
no'i'a  de  yr  Erow  Maen  et  Erow  y  berth  vawr  et  qoinq'  selion' 
in  claos'  vocat'  .....  xx«.  300 
Bedd'  x^d.  ext'.— Edwardos  Eyton  Ar'  Comelios  Manley  gen' 
Edw.  ap  John  ap  Edw.  Edw.  ap  John  ap  DD.  Goch  Bic'os  ap 
Thomas  tenent  ad  volontat'  vn'  acr'  vast'  et  di'  in  Dynnlle  in 
loco  Tocat'  yr  Withfyd  p'  estimac'o'em  iJ8,  p'  ann'      120 

S'm'  Bedd'  vlt'  Bedd'  Nicolas  Fortesone  milit'  qoi  tenet  414  acr*  de 
exeat'  coios  term'  nee  redd'  non  oonsta't=xxiij/i.  xix«.  iijd.  ob. 
Bot  it  seemeth  his  rent  shoold  be  Hijs.  nd.,  for  Eaterine  Fortescue 
tenoit  qoart'  Eliz'  diners'  p'cell'  terr*  voo'  Tyre  Math  Bledxith 
in  Dinnlle  de  terr'. 

M'. — Joh'ie  Eton  attinct'  continen'  clx  acr'  ad  volont'  fitt  to  call  for  his 
lease,  for  he  holdeth  254  acr'  more  then  was  foond  4  EHz. 

Bedd'  V  di.  iij  di — Thomas  ap  Hogh'  p'  Dom'  et  gardin'  v  di.    Idem  p'  terr* 
▼ocat'  iij  di. 

Cynwrig  Eyton  of  Eyton,  Esq.,  and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  daoghter  of  Sir 
Bichard  Brooke  of  Norton  Priory  in  the  county  of  Chester.  Gerard  Eyton, 
who  was  afterwards  created  a  knight  banneret  by  King  Charles  I,  married 
Elizabeth,  daoghter  and  heiress  of  Edward  Bromfield  of  Biyn  y  Wiwer  in 
the  parish  of  Bhiwfabon,  Esq.* 
1  Of  Bhoddallt.  ^  Edward  Eyton  of  Watstay,  Esq. 


OKIGINXL  DOCUMENTS.  Ccli 


MANERIU'  DE  PICKILL  ET  SESWICK  IN  COM.   DENBIGH. 

KOMINA  JUEATOEU*. 
Qai  diount  propter  Bacramenta  soa,  viz. : 

Imprimis  to  the  first  article  they  say  that  ye  manno'  of  PickhiU  and  Ses- 
wicl  is  bounded  from  a  place  called  Croes  Wladys,  with  the  river  Dee  mn- 
nin^  along  the  south  and  east  partes,  and  ye  river  Glywedog  on  the  north, 
and  likewise  on  ye  east  to  ye  rive'  Dee,  with  certaine  lands  belong;ing  to  ye 
mano'  of  Baabon  south-west,  excepting  certaine  other  landes  within  ye 
bonndes  of  this  manno'  belonging  to  the  Earle  of  Derby.  There  belongeth 
to  ye  said  manno',  as  par'  and  parceU  thereof,  three  parcells  of  landes, 
whereof  one  is  called  Gro  Thomas ;  the  other  beeing  two  parcells  called  Hill, 
lying  beyond  the  river  Dee ;  and  one  tenement  called  Bhyd  y  bont  vawr 
beond  thywedoc ;  and  divers  other  parcells  being  beyond  the  said  river,  all 
reputed  to  bee  members  of  ye  said  manno'  of  Pickill  and  Seswick. 

To  the  second  article  they  say  that  if  there  bee  any  demeasnes  within  that 
manno',  they  doe  not  knowe  where  it  lyeth,  neither  in  whose  holding  it  is ; 
and  further,  that  they  neve'  heard  heretofore  of  any  suche  landes  to  bee 
within  that  manno'. 

To  the  third  article  they  say  that  the  names  of  9M  ye  freeholders,  and  what 
everie  of  them  doth  holde,  and  their  rente,  are  particnlarlie  laid  downe ;  and 
as  for  feeforme',  they  knowe  of  none  in  yt  manno'. 

To  the  fowrth  and  fifth  they  say  that  ye  customary  tennants  of  this  manno' 
are  ye  Prince  his  Highnes,  tennants  by  leases,  and  doe  hold  the  messages, 
landes,  and  tenementes,  upon  their  severall  names  sett  downe;  and  do 
respectivelie  pay  for  ye  same  the  severall  rents  uppon  theire  names  appear- 
ing by  their  severall  leases  for  fortie  yeares,  and  as  from  fortie  yeares  to 
fortie  yeares  for  ever ;  and  doe  pay  two  yeares  rent  for  fyne  upon  the  taking 
of  their  lease,  according  to  the  composition  made  betweene  ye  late  Queene 
Elizabeth  of  famous  memorie,  and  ye  tenn'ts  of  Bromfield  and  Tale,  in  the 
fowerth  yeare  of  her  late  most  happie  reigne ;  and  this  June  doe  not  knowe 
of  any  thing  paid,  or  due  to  be  paide,  by  any  of  the  said  tennants,  vppon  ye 
marriage  of  their  daughters. 

To  the  sizt  article  they  say  that,  the  Kingps  highwaies  excepted,  there  is 
no  waste  or  commons  within  ye  said  manno',  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  seaventh  article  they  say  that  they  have  no  g^eat  quantitie  of  wood 
or  underwood  within  this  manno';  and  all  that  is,  is  well  preserved  to  their 
knowledge. 

To  the  eighth  article  they  say  that  there  is  no  parke  or  warren  within  this 
manno'. 

To  the  ninth  they  say  as  to  the  sixt,  that  they  have  no  common  or  wast 
to  their  knowledge,  and  therefore  no  encroachment. 

To  the  tenth  they  say  that  the  landes  held  from  fortie  yeares  to  forty  in 
ye  holding  of  theis  tenn'ts  are  ye  custom arie  lands  of  the  manno',  and  there 
is  no  escheat  landes  within  this  manno'  other  than  what  is  held  by  lease. 

To  the  eleventh  they  say  that  there  are  no  mynes  of  cole  or  lead,  chalke, 
nor  quarries  of  stones ;  but  for  marie,  some  quantitie  there  is,  but  no  great 
use  made  of  it,  the  benefits  whereof  they  doe  not  knowe. 


CClii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

To  the  twelveth  and  thirteenth  they  say  that  they  do  not  knowe  that  an; 
freeholder  died  without  heire,  either  general]  or  epeciall;  and  that  there  is 
not  any  towne  corporate,  borough  towne,  or  other,  within  ye  said  manno'. 

To  iiie  foreteenth  and  fifteenth  they  say  that  they  doe  not  knowe  of  any 
Bache  exchanges  or  vnlawfoU  vnsurting  of  landes  into  leases  as  are  demanded 
in  yt  article.  There  bee  two  milles  in  ye  towneshipp  of  Fickill  nowe  in  the 
tenure  of  Boger  £lli8  or  Dorothie  Ellis,  and  wheth'  they  bee  custome  milles 
or  no,  this  Jurie  doe  not  knowe. 

To  the  sixteenth  they  say  as  to  the  sixt  and  ninth,  that  they  have  no  com- 
mons or  waste,  neither  peatt,  turfe,  &c. 

To  the  seaventeenth  they  say  that  the  freeholders  and  tenannts  of  thii 
manno',  beeing  a  member  of  the  lordshipp  of  Bromfield,  doe  serve  at  the 
lee  be  and  lawdaies  of  this  lordshipp  as  they  are  bound  to  doe ;  and  that  they 
doe  pay  all  fynes  of  alienac'ons,  amerciaments  of  courts  mizes,  and  all  other 
payments,  for  their  rate  and  proportions,  as  others  the  tenaunts  of  the  fore- 
saide  lo'pps  doe,  when  and  as  often  as  ye  same  are  due,  but  no  King's  silrer 
no'  head-silver. 

To  the  eighteenth  they  say  that  there  is  no  coppiholde  tenente  in  decay 
within  this  manno'  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  nyneteenth  they  say  that  they  knowe  not  whether  the  casualteei 
menc'oned  in  this  article  bee  due  to  ye  Prince  his  Highnes  or  to  the  King's 
most  excellent  Ma'tie. 

To  the  twentieth  they  say  that  there  is  no  fishing  no'  fowling  belonging 
to  this  manno'. 

To  the  xxjst  they  say  that  they  have  no  marketts  or  fEures  held  w'thin  this 
manno'. 

To  the  two  and  three  and  twentith,  that  they  knowe  not  of  any  rente  or 
landes  concealed  or  witheheld  in  this  manno',  nor  of  any  repris'  ot  payments 
goeing  out  of  the  same. 

To  the  fowre  and  twentith  they  say  that  there  are  yearlie  made  at  the 
leete  at  Michaelmas,  by  the  Jurie  of  this  manno',  theis  officers  following, 
viz.,  pettie  constable,  bayliff*,  to  gathe'  ye  Prince  his  rent',  w'ch  doe  serve 
for  ye  yeare  following  within  ye  said  manno';  and  yt  the  sheriff*  steward, 
as  this  Jurie  have  crediblie  heard,  is  the  right  honorable  the  Earle  of  Bridge- 
water;  and  that  John  Jeffreys,  Esq.,  John  Dauies,  and  Thomas  Foster, 
Gent.,  are  his  deputies;  and  that  Thomas  Trafford,  Esq.,  is  receavo';  but 
what  ffees  they  or  either  of  theme  have,  this  Jury  knoweth  not. 

To  the  five  and  twentith  article  they  say  there  are  no  advowsons  or  bene- 
fices w'thin  this  manno'. 

To  the  six  and  twentith  they  say  that,  as  farre  as  they  can  leame  and 
finde  out,  the  olde  and  accustomed  acre  vsed  in  these  partes  and  in  most  of 
the  countreys  nex  adioyning,  conteyneth  one  hundreth  three  score  perches 
in  everie  acre,  and  everie  of  ye  saide  perches  conteyneth  fowre  and  twenty 
foote  to  the  pearch  or  pole. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  Ccliii 


MANERIU'  DE  PICKILL  ET  SESWICK. — ^LIBERI  TENENTES. 

▲.    B.   P. 

Bedd'  ]J8.  ezt\ — Hamfridas  Eyton  tenet  vnn'  messnag*  sivo  tene- 
mentum  in  Seswick  et  omn'  edifio'  gardinas  et  easiament'  eidem 
pertinen*  et  omnes  ill'  claus'  et  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  p'  nomina  de 
medietat'  de  la  Tumpatbmawr  yr  Erowe  hir  Maswell  duodecem 
le  butts  in  Kaj  Coch  quatuor  le  butts  in  campo  vocat*  the  slang 
Duo  le  butts  in  Maes  j  Wirglodd  g^omcha  Erive  maes  siswick 
limitat'  cum  le  gevenfordd  quatuor  seleon'  in  le  Magna  maes 

Seswick  un'  seleon'  et  un' in  le  ypper  maes  seswick  duo 

plur*  limitat'  ex  una  parte  cum  vn'  adiungen  ad  le  Tum- 

path  mawr  et  ex  altra  parte  sup'  le  Kay  tervin  continen'  in  toto 

p'  estimac'  .  .  .  .  .  .     15    o    o 

Bedd'  sjd.  ext'.— Johannes  Jeffireys  Armiger^  tenet  dnas  parcellas 
terre  in  Seswick  vocat'  Eay  Bhobin  et  Kay  Bhwyfwr  oontinen' 
p'  estimac'  .  .  .  .  .  .300 

Idem  Johannes  Jeffreys  tenet  vn'  oottag'  in  tenur*  Elicii  ap 
John  vncum  vno  gardino  eidem  pertinen'. 

Bedd'  x^'d.  ext'. — Hugo  Meredith  Armiger  tenet  3  tenementa  in 
Purthvgan  tenementu'in  quo  vx'Edwardi  ap  John  Edward  habi- 
tat nunc  tenementu'  in  quo  Francisca  vx'  Johannis  Hughes 
nunc  habitat'  tenementu'  in  quo  vx'  Boberti  ap  Bice  habitat' 
que  om'ia  sunt  partem  terraru'aliquando  in  tenura  Johannis  ap 
Howell  ap  Ll'en  et  quatuor  acras  terr' eidem  tenementa  p'tinen' 
continen'  per  estimac'em  .  .  .  .400 

Bedd'  xijd.  ext'. — Johannes  Powell  geneross'  tenet  vnura  tene- 
mentu'  in  Seswick  et  omnes  structur'  gardinas  et  esiament'  ei- 
dem pertinen'  et  he  tres  parcellas  terr*  arrabil'  et  pastnr*  cum 
p'tinenciis  yocat'  p'  nomina  de y  grostydd  omnes  tres  oon- 
tinen' p'  estimac'o'em        .  .  .  .  .300 

Bedd'  \j«.  ext'. — Johannes  Bogers  senior  divis'  parcellas  terre  in 
Seswick  pact  libere  terre  antiquam  in  tenura  Johannes  ap  How- 
ell Yocat'  p'  no'i'a  de  Kae  yr  Nant  in  duabus  p'cell'  fact'  qua- 
tuor butte  et  3  cuttings  seperali  p'  iacen'  in  camp'  vocat'  bryn 
carregog  continen'  p'  estimac'  .  .  .  .500 

Bedd'  vi\j«.  viijd.  ext'.— Edwardus  Bellot'  (Joh'es  Broughton)  Ar- 
miger et  Edwardus  Puleston  Armiger  tenent  per  concess'terrar' 
Badulphi  Broughton  generosi  vnu'  measuagi'  sive  tenementu' 
in  Seswick  et  omnes  structur'  gardinas  pomar'  et  esiament' 
eidem  pertinen'  et  o'es  dausur'  sive  parcell'  terr'  arrabil'  et  pas- 
tur'  nunc  in  tenura  Bandolphi  Moyle  vocat'  p'  nomina  de  Kay 

Jerkin  Lletty  Owen  vn' et in  Maes  seswick  vohan  vn' 

et in  Maes  y  Wairgloddgron  Kae  Kalch  Maes  Seswick 

vawr  duas  p'cell'  in  le  gevenford  una'  p'cell'  terr*  in  le  sclang 

^  John  Jeffreys  of  Acton,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sahle.  See  pedigree. 

'  Edward  BeUott  or  Billott  of  Morton,  co.  Chester,  and  of  Burton  in  the 
parish  of  Gresford,  Esq.  Argent,  on  a  chief  gules,  three  cinquefoils  of  the 
field.    See  pedigree. 


Ccliv  ORIGINAL  DOCXBIENTS. 


▲.    B.  P. 


tree  p'oell'  in  le  Cay  Oooh  Cay  Skubo'  Kay  gwjn  tres  p*oell'  in 
hry*  Carregogg  dimid'  de  Tumpathmawr  1 1  cuttings  in  yBkym 
yrow.  Idem  Edward  6e}Iott  et  Edwardns  Poleston  tenet  m*  al' 
messuag*  sive  tenementu'  terrar*  diet*  Randolph  Broaghton  et 
omnes  stractor*  g^dinas  et  esiament'  eidem  pertinen'  et  omnes 
he  parcell'  terr'  in  Seswick  nunc  oocnpat'  Bandolphi  ap  John 
yocat'p'no'i'a  de  Qaetcag  yssa  Erw  glan  dowrdwy  Erw  frwynog 
y  Wairglodd  tan  y  ty  y  boeg  Erw  gannoU  Erw  wrth  ty  Jamys 
y  vron  yn  bryn  syrion  bron  y  Coed,  one  day  math  of  hay,  conti- 
nent p'  estimat'  oastamar*  acrar*  .  •       c       •     37    o    o 

S'm'  Kedd'  liboru'  tenen'  §  xv«. 

Bedd'xy\j«.  ixd.  ext\— Tenentes  per  dimimionem  manerii  predict' 
Maria  Puleston  relicta  Thome  Puleston  gfeneros'nnper  de  Light- 
wood  tenet  vnum  tenementu'  in  occupat'one  Edwardi  Puleston 
pomar'  et  gardiu'  p*  estimac'  .  •       o    o  20 

Unn'  croft'  ex  opponit'  Dom'  vocat'  guardd'  yr  lawrtye  per  estim'      020 
Un*  claus'  vocat'  y  bryn  per  estimac'  .  .120 

Un'  prat'  in  do'  vocat'  yunys  iuxta  Biuul'  Dee  a  quoda'  salice  per 

venellam  reef  linia  yers'  austri  Tsq'  ad  rinulu'  p'  est'  .       o    o  30 

Un'  claus'  abbuttan'  super  Kiuulu'  Dee  per  estimao'o'em  .       020 

Tres  alias  claus'  adiacon'  in  simul  vocat'  Heene  Bhyd  per  estima- 
c'o'em  vltra  parcell'  terr*  in  Keeve  Bhyd  vcha  p'  est'  .  .400 

This  shoulde  be  15  acr',  so  there  are  6  concealed. 
Un'  claus'  iuxta  Dee  vocat'  Tyre  Eoch  p'  est'   .  .  .100 

Bedd'  ij9.  \jd.  ext'.— Tenet  in  Croft  Dorathei  EUioe  vid'  duas  sell- 

ones  iuxta  Bhyd  y  bont  vawr  p'  est'  .  .0020 

In  croft'  vocat'  Eeneny  p'  estimao'     .  .  .  .       o     o  10 

Late  Maud  vx'  EUice  et  al'  ad  volunt'.— Un'  claus'  vocat'  Gwer 
ddrille  p'  estimac'  .  .  .  .120 


cs.       920 
Bedd'  xxxv«.  ext'.  Terre  d'in'ales  ext'  composit'. — Sidneus  EUice^ 

Generosus  tenet  vnum  tenementu'  gardin'  et  tria  croft'  conti- 

nou'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .       o     3  20 

Expired  nere  12  y.  since. — Un' claus*  vocat'  Nant  y  van  way  p'est'       130 

The  firste  copie  was  graunted  but  2  Eliz. — Un'  clans'  vocat'  y 

vrionas  p'  estimac'  .  .  .  .  .loo 

See  fol.  195  and  196.  197,  and  202.— Tenet  al' claus' abuttan'  super 

Biuul'  Dee  existen'  prat'  vel  arabil'  &  Joh'is  ap  D'd  ap  Edward 

p'  estimac'o'em    .  .  .  .200 

Un'  clads'  vocat'  yi*  ole  gam  p'  estimac'  .  .200 

Al'  claus'  vocat'  Koed  Kay  yr  ddol  p'  est*  .  .300 

Un'  claus'  in  Seswick  vocat*  Kay  yr  Towr  p'  estimac'o'em  100 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Erw  y  fynnon  p'  estimac'  .  .020 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Keveny  except'  3  seliones  p'  estimac'o'em       .200 


v\jli.     14    o     o 


>  Sydney  Ellis  of  Pickill  was  the  eldest  of  the  four  sons  of  Elis,  the  fourth 
son  of  Elis  ab  Bichard  of  Alrhey,  Esq.,  standard-bearer  to  Owain  Glyndwr, 
the  rightful  heir,  by  the  grace  of  God,  to  the  throne  of  the  Principality  of 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cclv 


This  same  Bhoulde  be  30  aor^in  demessnes,  and  1 1  acr'of  escheat, 
(praunted  by  cop.  2  Eliz.    Theis  concealed  landes  are  dis- 
perste  in  the  reste  of  his  landes. 
Bedd*  Txs.  vijd.  ext\ — Idem  Sidnens  tenet vocat*  aad  Mawr 

nuper  Edwardi  Qittin  p'  estim'       .... 
Un*  clans*  vocat*  Erw  tan  y  bellan  p*  est' 
Una'  p'ce'  in  qaoda'  clo'  cum  aUis  queqnidem  pec'  cont'  quinq' 

selion' p' eetimao'  .  .  .  .  . 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Clay  Mawr  p'  estim* 

Un*  clans'  vocaj^*  Claye  bichan  p*  est' '  .  .  . 

Quatuor  seliones  in  Campo  vocat'  Erw  tan  y  Wem'  p'  estimac'    . 
Vn*  clans'  dol  gweme  Hescog  except'  duabns  selionib'  in  tenura 

Johannis  Puleston  et  diners'  aliis  selionib'  in  tenura  Thome  ap 

John  p'  estimac'  ..... 

Tres  dansnr'  nnp'  in  vno  vocat*  yr  gyrddy  cu'  cotag*  sup'  edific' 

p'  est'   ...... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Frith  p'  estimac'      .  .  . 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  vchllaw  yr  tye  p'  est' 
Duas  p'cellas  terre  in  Skittery  vcha  p'  estimac'o'em 
In  clo'  vocat'  Full  y  mayne  p'  est' 

Bedd'  JJ8.  v^d.  ezt'. — Idem  Sidnens  EUice  tenet  vn'  clans'  Johan- 
nis ap  EUice  ap  Dauid  ap  John  abnus  voo'  quityre  addole  p'est' 

Unn'  cotagiu'  amplum  pomar'  et  gardiu'  inxta  Bheu'  y  bont  vawr 
p'  estimac'  ...... 

In  clans'  voc'  Kay  Mawr  baghan  duas  selion'  p'  estimac' 

Unn'  tenementu'  et  vnu'  clans'  vocat'  y  Kay  tyrvyn  p'  estimac'  . 

Un'  clans'  voc'  Coed  Kay  yr  Bhid  p'  est' 

Un'  al'  cotag'  et  clans'  voc'  y  plasse  p'  est' 

Un*  prat'  vocat'  Qwirglodd  y  pull  p'  est' 

Duas  p'ceU'  terr'  in  loc'  vocat'  Skitery  vcha  p'  estimac'o'em 


A  a.  p. 


120 
200 

010 
700 
120 
010 


200 

200 
120 
100 
200 
030 

22  I  o 
020 


I 
o 
I 
I 
o 
I 

2 


O 

2 
O 
O 
2 
2 
O 


O 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


ii^Zi.      800 
Bedd' for  aJl  her  lande  theis  followes,  which  is  intirely  payde,  and 
cannot  be  distinguished,  is  xli.  viijs.  \jd  ext'. — Dorathea  EUice^ 
.  relict'  Bogeri  Ellice  Ar*  tenet  vn'  tenementu'  pomariu'  et  gar- 
din'  in  tenur'  Johannis  Bogers  p'  est'  .  .010 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  vcha  vlt'  dnas  selion'  Sidnei  Ellice 

p'  estimac'  .  .  .  .  .100 

In  Kay  Mawr  Cannoll  en'  Joh'i  Pilston'  per  estimac'o'em  .      200 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  yssa  p'  estimac'o'em  .220 

Unu'  clans'  vocat'  Holie  yollin  p*  est'  .  .  .100 

Al'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  in  y  Kay  Newydd  per  estimac'o'em  .      020 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  ddny  vron  in  tribus  pec'  per  estimac'o'em        .      200 


Wales.  He  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  John  Owen  Yaughan  of  Llwydi- 
arth  in  Fowys  Wenwyuwyn,  by  whom  he  had  issue  two  sons,  Elis  Ellis  and 
John  Ellis.    See  pedigree. 

^  Dorothsa  Ellis,  "  vidua".    This  lady  was  the  widow  of  Boger  Ellis  of 
Alrhey,  son  and  heir  of  Humphrey  Ellis  of  Alrhey,  Esq.    See  pedigree. 


1 


cclvi 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Un'  claas'  vocat'  yr  tan  y  weme  vltra  qoatuor  cartas  filionee  8id- 

nei  Ellice  p'  est'  .... 

In  clo'  Yoc'  prat'  in  aastrial'  parte  riuuli  de  Dee  yoc'  Grodomiw 

qoinq'  selionee  p'  est'         .... 
Un'  daus'  iaxta  Biauli  Dee  in  borial'  parte  yocat'  Dlole  yssa  p 

eatimao'  ..... 

Qoatuor  clans'  arrabil'  vocat'  qui  tee  yr  Dlole  Pickill  p'  estimac' 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  Eay  Medock  yale  p'  est' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  tan  y  weru*  p'  est' 
Un'  claus'  voc*  y  wem*  p*  estimac'       .  .       ^ 

Una'  tenementu'  in  tenur'  Bad'  ap  Ellice  cum  clp'voc'Eay  Will'm 

nap'  diuis'  in  duas  dausur'  p'  estimac' 
Un*  clans'  vocat'  Pen  y  bont  p'  est'    . 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Coed  Kay  Skibbo'  cum  horreo  sup'  edific'  p'  eat' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Wem  vaghan  p'  est' 
Al'  daus'  vocat'  Eay  fynnon  p'  est' 
Unu'  daus'  vocat'  y  Arthvaghan  p'  est' 
Unu'  tenementu'  in  tenur'  Allani  Duddleston'  gardiu'  et  pomar* 

p  esv    ..••■• 
Una'  peciam  in  prato  vstyn  ddwfall  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  Coed  Eay  yr  fos  p'  est' 
Al'  daus'  vocat'  pant  quiti  Eay  yr  fos  p'  estimac'o'em    . 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  Coed  Eay  tan  y  tye  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  tan  y  popti  p'  estimac' 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Coed  Eay  vchaw  y  ty  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  daus'  vocat*  Eay  Eenrick  p'  est* 
Un'  p'tem  d'i  voc'  Hilie  p'  estimac'    . 
Un'  al'  tenementu'  in  tenura  Johannis  Thomas  cum  parvo  pome 

rio  et  curtelag'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  Coed  Eay  Bhunge  y  ddyffos  jT  estimac' 
Duas  seliones  iuxta  pomar'  Will'm  Dod  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  claus'  iacen'  iuxta  Claw  wedog  p'  molend'  p'  est' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Coed  Eay  pen  y  velyn'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  claus'  vocat*  Coed  Eay  tan  y  ty  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  tenementu'  in  tenura  Bic'i  Hoell  Gener'  gardiu'  et  curte 

lag'  p'  estimac'o'em  .... 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Eay  Madock  le'nn  p'  est' 
Duas  dausur'  vocat'  yr  Frythes  vnu'  d'  acr'  p'  quisq'  de  Thoma 

Hall  p'  est'  ..... 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Eay  dd'  p'  est* 
Unu'  pratu'  iacen'  iuxta  molend'  p'  est' 
Unu'  claus'  terre  arrabil'  voc'  Eae  yr  Gawr  genny  p'  estimac'o'em 
Uu'  aliud  tenementu'  in  tenura  Alicie  nup'  ux'  Will'i  Sare  cum 

dnabus  dausur*  voc'  Eay  Hirwardes  p'  estimac' 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  Gwerne  Eaa  vcha  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  claus'  vocat'  Gwerne  Eua  yssa  p'  est'    . 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  Eay  John  p'  estimac' 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  yn  bene  Eay  John  p'  estimac'  . 
Un'  tenementu'  duo  pomaria  gardiu'  et  curtelag'  in  tenura  Phi' 

Beddo  p'  est'       ..... 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  Eay  yr  Argy  cum  ddole  p'  estimac'o'em 


A.   £.  P. 
12    0 

O     I     O 

300 
620 

2  2  0 
12  0 
12    0 


2 
I 
I 
I 
I 
O 

o 
o 

2 
I 

o 
o 
I 

2 
I 

o 

4 
o 

I 

2 
I 


2 
I 
I 
I 
o 


O  0 

2  O 

2  0 

2  0 

2  0 

2  0 

1  20 
O  20 

2  0 


3 

2 

2 
o 
o 

2 


0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


0  6 
2  0 

1  0 

O  0 

2  0 

2  9 


O  O  20 
12    0 

2  2  0 
200 
12  0 
100 


2  O 
2  O 
I      O 


2 
2 


O 
O 


010 
500 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cclvii 


Un'  clans'  vooat*  y  Werne  p'  estimac' 

Un'  clans'  iaoen'  inter  binos  rivnlos  inxta  molend'  p'  estimac' 

Un'  clans'  voc'  Eay  heleg  p'  estimac' 

Un'  clans'  voc'  Kay  Kannoll  p'  est'    . 

Un'  clans'  voc*  Kay  yr  hege  p'  est' 

Un*  clans'  voc'  Kay  Edward  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  voc'  Kay  Morg^an  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  voc*  y  Beye  p'  estimac' 

Eadem  tenet  vnn'  tenementn'  dnos  gardinas  et  cnrtelag'  in  tenura 

Georgii  Griff*  cnm  tribns  p'celP  terr*  vocat'  Kay  Eignon'  Goz 

p*  estimac'  vfto  Eed.  Eob.  Wyn'  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  Nant  p'  est' 
Bnas  dansnr*  vocat'  veth  y  tye  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Coed  Kay  yssa  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  gyrddy  p'  est'        .... 
Un'  clans'  vocaf  Cay  Oadugan  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  heene  base  p'  est' 
Un'  croft'  terr*  in  dnabns  peciis  in  anstr'  p'te  rinnli  p'  est' 
Un'  crofb'  in  tennr'  Bob'ti  John  Bichard  p'  estim' 
Dnas  dansnr'  terr'  vocat'  y  Kyvie  vltra  vnam  selionem  Johannis 

Pilston  gen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .... 

Unn'  cottagin'  in  tennra  Meredith  ap  John  Richard  cnm  crofb' 

adiacen'  p'  est'    ...... 

Tres  dausur*  terr*  in  propriis  manib'  einsdem  Borathees  EUice 

vocat'  Gwem  vstyn  et  Ddio  fall  voha  in  dnab'  pec*  p'  estima* 


A.  R.  p. 


c'o'em 


Un'  clans'  vocat'  Gwem  vstin'  Ddw&ll  issa  p'  est' 

Kedd'  yjd.  exf . — Unn'  prat'  vocat'  yr  Acre  p'  estimac'    . 

Eadem  tenet  vn'  molend'  in  Fickill  in  propria  tennra  sna  et  per 
Johannem  Ellis  generos'p' licence  edificat'cnm  parva  pecia  terr' 
adiacen'  p'  estimac'  ..... 

Bedd'  iiij«.  Yjd.  ext'. — Eadem  tenet  vt  de  terris  perqnisit'de  Thoma 
Hall  in  cluusora  iacen'  inter  binos  rivnlos  continen'  qninq'  sell- 
on'  p'  estimac'o'em  ..... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Uettee  voyle  p'  estimac' 

In  dans'  vocat'  y  Fryeth  7  selion'  p'  est' 

In  campo  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  CannoU  4  selion'  p'  estimac'o'em 

In  campo  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  vcha  vn'  selion'  p'  estimac'o'em 

In  clo'  vocat'  y  Kyvie  vn'  selion'  p'  est' 


I 

o 
I 

2 
I 

2 
I 

2 


I 

I 
I 

2 

3 
2 

I 

I 

o 


o 

2 
O 

o 
o 
o 


o 

2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
O 

o 


2 
2 
O 
O 
O 

o 
o 
o 

2 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


2     O 


020 


o    3  20 
120 

I      I     o 


o  z6 
o    o 

2      O 
2     O 

o  20 

O   12 


Ixvjli.  xi\js.  mjd.  113    o  32 
Bedd'  ii\jZi.  ext'. — Eadem  tenet  vn'  al'  molend'  granatic'  aquatic' 
p'qnisit'  de  Boberto  D'd  Armigero^  et  Anna  vx'  eius  xZi. 

Bedd'  vjd.  ext'^  Mr.  Edward  Dracott. — Johannes  Pnleston  gene- 
ros'  tenet  quatuor  capitales  seliones  in  dans'  iacen'  in  anstrial' 
parte  Biuuli  Dee  vocat'  Groodamas  p'  estimac'o'em     . 


ig*.  vjd. 


o    o 


100 


^  Bobert  Davies  of  Plasan  Gwysanan,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff  for  co.  Flint, 
▲.D.  1608,  ob.  1633.     See  Arch,  Canib.,  Jan.  1875,  p.  48. 

2h 


cclviii 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Bedd'  zii\j«.  m^d.  ext'>  Mr.  Draoott. — Idem  Johannes  Pilsion  et 
Saphael  Dauies  generos'tenent  in  clans'  pred' vooat'Goodramas 
p  esu    •••■•■ 

In  campo  vocat'  dad  Mawr  tres  seliones  p'  estimao'o'em 

Un*  dans'  voo'  Bnll  p'  estimac' 

XJn*  dans'  vocat*  Weme  vcha  p'  est'  . 

Tin'  dans'  vooat'  erw  tan  yr  arth  p'  est' 

1^ 

Bedd'  xviijjs.  ixd.  ezt'. — Tenet  et  medietatem  Tnins  tenement!  en' 
tribns  p'oell'  terr'  et  pastnr'  qnam'  prima  vooat'  Esye  Egnyon 
goz  per  estimac'o'em  qnatnor  aoras  secnnda  ddole  Cmeheycock 
divis'  in  dnas  p'cell'  p'  eetimat'  septem  acr*  tertia  vocat'  ddole 
vichell  p'estimac'o'em  qnatnor  aar*  in  toto  p'est'  yjli.  xi^'s.  ii^d. 

Bedd'  X5.  i^d.  ob.  q.  ext'. — Joluuin^  Pilston  pred'  tenet  vnum 
tenementnm  pomar'  et  gardin'  et  croft  cnm  cnrtilagia  p'  estim' 

Un'  dans'  pastnr*  fertil'  vocat'  dad  Mawr  vltr'  vn'  nod'  inter  se  et 
Baphaelem  damos  p'  est'  •  .  .  .  . 

Sex  seliones  in  do'  DorathecB  Ellioe  vocat'  ddole  vcha  p'  estimac' 

Un'  dans'  iuxta  ten'tnm  vocat'  Bxyn  y  vchlawe  yr  tye  p'  estimac' 

Un'  pedam  terr'  in  do'  cnm  aliis  qnss  pec'  vocat'  Erw  yr  Artli  p* 
estimac'  ..... 

Un'  dans'  terr'  arrabil'  vocat'  tyre  d'd  p'  estimac'o'em  . 

In  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  Kannott  cum  Dorathea  Ellioe  p'  eat* 

In  do'  vocat'  Keney  p'  estimac'o'em 

In  prato  vocat'  Wem'  y  dwfull  vcha  p'  estimac'o'em 

Unn'  dans'  voc'  place  Madock  p'  est' 

In  prat'  adiaoen'  voc'  Werglodd  Eenon  p'  estimac'o'em  . 

Dnas  dansnr'  vocat'  Bryn  Eadyry  p'  estimac'   . 

Qnatnor  dansnr'  pastnr' voc'  Hyle  goz  p'  est'  except'  pec'  prat'  ad 

Un'  al'  tenementn'  pomar'  et  clans'  adiacen'  voc'  Tyre  hyxyon'  p 

estimac'  ..... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Bo  vawr  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  clans'  vocat'  Bo'  Yanghan  p'  est' 
In  dans'  Sidnei  Ellice  voc'  Kay  Mawr  p'  est'    . 
In  clans' nnper  vocat' Maes  Gwyn  nanc  Maes  groyes  vn' pec'  p'est 
In  do'  vocat'  Ddole  y  Weme  Hescog  dnas  seliones  p'  estimac' 
In  clans'  vocat'  Istym  Boe  Sc  seliones  p'  est' 
Un'  croft'  vocat'  pimp  chwissyad  p'  est' 

xvK. 

Bedd'  iiis.  vd.,  p't  of  xxxvs.  ext'. — Idem  Johannes  tenet  vna'  pec' 
prat'  adiacen'  Hyle  goz  p'  estimac'  .  .  x«. 

Bedd'  YJ8,  v^'d.  ext'.  This  was  late  p't  of  Mande,  vx'  Ellice,  et 
ten't  ad  volnnt'. — Eiizeus  Banlfe  tenet  vnn' tenementn' et  gard* 
cum  tribns  dans'  quom'  vn'  vocat'  Coed  Kay  issa  secundu'  erm' 
gowyn  tertin'  Coed  Kay  Kerig  in  simul  iaoen'  p'  estimac' 

In  prat'  vocat'  Ghv^eme  istym  Ddwfall  vcha  duas  pec'  p'  est' 

In  loco  vocat'  skytery  p'  estimac*        .... 


A.  R.  F. 


2 
O 
I 
I 
O 


2 
O 
I 

o 
I 
o 
o 
o 

2 
I 

3 


4 
4 

2 
I 
I 
O 

o 
o 


2  0 

2  0 

3  0 

3  0 

3  0 


7    I  0 


15    0  0 

100 


2  0 

2  0 

2  0 

2  0 
0  0 

3  0 

0  16 

1  0 

2  0 
2  0 
0  0 


300 


0  0 

2  0 

2  c 

O  0 


2 
I 

3 
2 


0 
0 
0 
0 


33    o  ^ 


100 


iiijK.      6    2  20 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cclix 


Bedd'  ii\js.  iiiijd.  ext'.  This  was  unam  Barnston  et  Margaret  tz' 
Moris,  ten't  ad  volunt'. — Johannes  James  tenet  vna'  pec*  prati 
in  weme  I^me  Ddwiall  vcha  p'  est* 

In  weme  Istyme  DdwfiAll  yssa  p'  est' 

TJnu'  horrea'  in  parvo  gard'  p'  est' 

Tin'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  Dan  yr  Dwr  p'  eetimao'o'em 

XX7J8.  vi\jd, 

Bedd'  zlvi^s.  izd.  ezf .  Call  for  the  oop',  for  ther  was  none  showed 
4  Eliz.  The  lease  is  expired,  see  fo.  192. — Sidneus  Ellioe  gene- 
ros'  tenet  dno  tenementa  prope  sitnat'  cnm  yno  pomar'  et  vn' 
gard'  p'  estimao'o'em 

T7n'  dans'  Tocat'  Kay  Crwn  p'  est' 

Tin'  dans'  vocat'  Say  Mawr  p'  est 

Tin'  dans'  Yooat*  yr  Acr*  p'  est' 

T7n'  al'  clans'  vocat'  yr  acr'  biohan  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  voc'  y  Kay  gwair  p'  est' 

Al'  dans'  yoc'  Derwen  vorgan  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  voc'  Boma  p'  vichan  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  toc'  Tal  y  Bonny  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  voc'  Danerch  yr  ychen  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  yoc'  Sjie  GKuUm  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Gweme  Kay  g'll'm  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  voc'  y  Maes  gwyn  p'  est'    . 

Un'  dans'  voc'  Kay  yr  Neadd  p'  est'  . 

Un'  clans'  voc'  tall  y  Kaye  issa  p'  est' 

xxU, 

It  shonld  be  43  oc'. 

Bedd'  xx<.  -vjd.  ext'  expired.  This  was  grannted  by  the  stewarde 
temp'e  Edward  6  ext'  comp'. — Idem  Sidnens  tenet  ynn'messnag* 
spedosnm  pomarin'  et  gardin'  cnm  do'  vocat'  Bryn  y  Koz  p' 
estimac'o'em       ..... 

In  do'  vocat'  Goed  Kay  vwch  CQawr  tye  p'  estimac'o'em 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  wen  vechan  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  ddwiall  p'  est'  . 

Un'  clans*  vocat'  Kay  hyr  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  bene  a  kre  p'  est' 

vjli 
There  was  no  hows  npon  this,  as  it  seemeth,  for  it  was  grannted 
about  4  E.  6  by  Edward  Aimer,  the  steward,  vnder  the  name 
of  6  parcdl'  terr',  which  seemeth  to  bee  the  furst  grannt. 

Bedd'  v^'<.  vi^d.  ext'.  Gbrannted  by  the  steward  3  Eliz'.— Idem 
tenet  vnn'  aJ'  tenementu'  gard'  et  clans'  cnm  croft'  vocat'  Croft 
Kynnon  p'  estimac'o'em    ..... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  drill  y  gwyntyn  p'  est' 

Dimed'  vnins  do'  vocat'  Kaj  Newydd  p'  estimac'o'em    . 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  bichan  p'  est'    .... 


A.  B.  p. 


o  I  30 
o  o  20 
o  o  16 
130 

2  I  26 


010 
400 
120 
300 
100 
120 
120 

I  3  o 
120 

300 

400 

200 

400 

100 

200 


32  o  o 


o 
I 
I 

2 

3 
I 


2  20 
2  o 
o  o 

2  O 
2  O 
2  O 


10  2  20 


100 
100 
020 
100 


This  should  be  6  acr'. 


xxiy«.  ii\jd.      320 


CClx  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  &.  F. 


Bedd*  zija.  ixd,  ezt\ — Idem  tenet  al'  measaag'  horreu'  gard'  et 

cartelag'  p'  estimac'o'em  ..  .  .  .010 

Un'  claos'  vocat*  yr  Ardd  Uyn  p'  est'  .  .006 

Un*  claas'  vocat*  tir  yr  og  p*  est*         .  .  .  .120 

Un*  clans'  vocat'  7  Eay  bichan  in  Skyttery  p'  estimao'o'em  020 

Duas  seliones  et  al'  p'cell'  in  Skitteiy  vcha  p'  estimacVem  .      020 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Bhnng  y  ddawbull  p'  estimac'  .  .220 

Uu'  clans'  vocat'  tir  y  gath  ezceptis  qnatnor  selionibus  p'  est'       .       120 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  ew  dan  yr  Ardd  p'  est'        .  .  .      o   o  20 

Dnas  clans'  iacen'  inter  venel  et  riunl'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .120 

Tree  clansnr'in  Sunnl  iacen' viz't  tyre  Coly  Tyre  Olye  et  Twmpath 
yr  oley  p'  estimao'o'em     .  .  .  ,  .200 

CZS.       10     I  20 

Bedd'  ]j«.  vigd.  ezt'.  This  was  p'oell  of  Soger  Jenkins  4  Eliz.,  and 
the  rent  in  toto  was  xxxvi^jd.,  and  jihe  land  33  acr*,  now  dis- 
membered.-—Johannes  Decka  tenet  vnn'  tenementn'  gard'  et 
tres  clansnras  terr*  adiaoen'  vocat'  Eay  p'  neth  et  Erw  Hyre  p'  est'      220 

In  clans'  vocat'  Maes  Groes  qnondam  Maes  Gwyn  p'  estimac'o'em      020 

z]«.      300 
This  was  a  parcell  of  Roger  Jenkyns  4  Eliz.,  and  the  rent  in 
toto  was  xzzs.  ii\j<i.,  and  the  land  33  acres, 
Bedd'  xv^'s.  ^d.  ext'.—  Thomas  ap  John  tenet  vnu'  peciam  terr* 
vocat'  Kay  Uoy  iacen'  iuxta  terr'  Sidnei  EUice  prope  Dom'  s' 
vocat*  Place  Newydd  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .120 

Un'  clans'  inxta  flnnin'  Dee  vocat'  Istymy  Boe  yssa  p'  estimao'    .       300 
Un'  partem  clansi  vocat'  ystym  Boe  p'  est'       .  .  .200 

In'  dans'  vocat'  Ddole  Werne  Hesoog  decem  seliones  p'  estimac'        120 
Unam  seUonem  in  clo'  vocat'  Nant  Mavamny  p'  est'  .       o    o  20 

Its.       8    o  20 
Bedd'  v^d.  ext'. — Thomas  Decka  vn'  clans'  voc'  y  vron  Bhedy  et 

vn'  selion'  vocat'  Maes  Grose  p'  est'  .  .100 

Un'  al'  p'cell'  terr'  inxta  venella'  prope  aqna'  Dee  p'  est'  .      020 

XZS.         12    0 

Memorand*. — John  Lanncelott  claymeth  aJl  the  landes  of  Tho- 
mas Hall,  gent.,  to  bee  subject  to  a  statute  to  him  entred  into 
by  the  same  Mr.  Hall,  and  that  hee  hath  extended  the  same 
statute,  and  sued  out  a  liberate  upon  the  same. 

As  touching  this,  it  is  afi^med  by  Wili'm  Lloyd  and  Danid 
Yale  that  the  estate  of  the  land  was  in  them  when  the  statute 
was  acknowledged,  and  long  before. 

Also  there  are  divers  parcells  of  land  assigned  vnto  one 
Dorathy  Ellis,  with  a  tenement,  parcell  of  the  landes  of  the 
said  Thomas  Hall;  which  particnlers  are  mentioned  in  the 
entry  of  the  Assignment  of  the  same.    Dat'  8'o  Jacobi. 
vy  d'i  Wili'm  Dodd  de  Sutton  p'  terr*  dinis'. 
Expired  redd'  xij«.  v\jd.  ob.  ext'.  Thus  was  grannted  a  cop'  to  Bob. 
ap  Jo  ap  Jenkyn,  19  Marcii  i  Eliz.— Sidneus  Ellice  generos'  tenet 
vn'  clans'  vocat'  Coed  Kay  y  person  Mawr  p'  est'         .  .400 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cclxi 


A.    B.  p. 

Una'  clans'  vocat'  Coed  Eay  y  person  bichan  p'  estimac'  300 

Un'  dans'  vooat'  7  rofb  vidian  adiacen'  Caj  Ooled  p'  estimac'       .      020 
Decern  seliones  tene  et  dnas  capitales  seliones  in  loco  YOcat  Kyren* 

fordd  p'  estlmao'  .  .020 

Sex  seliones  et  nn'  capitalem  selione  p'  est'  .010 

Novem  seliones  et  yn*  capital'  selion'  in  le  strange  al's  Erw  Mayes 

yr  "Wlrglodd  gron  p*  estimac'o'em   .  .  .010 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Kock  EUice  p'  est'  .100 

Un*  al'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  vedwyn  p'  est*  .030 

Tree  seliones  in  Bryn  Kregog  p'  est'  .  .  .      o    o  10 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Bryn  yokins  p'  est'  .  .  .120 

TJn'  cotagiu'  iacen'  et  sitnat'  in  tyre  sete  cnm  qnatnor  seliones 

terre  p'  estimao'  .  .  .  .  .010 

Tres  seliones  in  Kay  y  pnll  dday  p'  est'  .  .010 

In  prato  vocat'  Wirglodd  bire  tres  seliones  p'  estimac'o'em  .010 

Qnatnor  seliones  in  loco  vocat'  Koch  tyre  y  Wizglodd  viohan  yr 

Erw  in  y  Kay  Newydd  p'  estimac'o'em       .  .  .100 

iiyZi.    13    2    o 
Will'm  Lloyde  of  Halton,  es*,  layes  clayme  to  theis  lands. 
Eedd'  xa.  mid.  ext',  add  jde.    M'.— Eob'ti  ap  Qriff  ad  volnnt'.— 

Elizens  Banlfe  tenet  vnn'  tenementu'  pomar'  gardin' vooat'  Bryn 

Kregog  p'  est'     ..... 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  Coed  Kay  Mawr  p'  est' 
Un*  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  Skibbo'  p*  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Kreedd'  except'  sex  selionib'  Johannis  Snt 

ton  p'  est'  ..... 

Qnatnor  seliones  in  Campo  vocat'  pimp  Tallo'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  croft'  et  tres  seliones  p'  estimac' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Vron  van  Hablock  p'  est' 
Duas  dausor'  voc'  Vron  tan  y  tye  p'  est* 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  gwirglodd  y  flash  p'  est' 


o  o  20 
200 
100 


I 

o 
o 
o 
I 
o 


o 
I 
I 

2 

o 

2 


O 

o 
o 
o 
o 

o 


1x5.    6    2  20 
This  should  bee  9  acres  dimid',  bnt  Mary  Pilson  hath  the  rest. 

Redd'  ixs.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vn*  clans'  vocat*  Kay  Fynnon  Dani- 

ell  p'  estimac'o'em                            .  .120 

Un'  clans'  vocat*  y  Lwrechyn'  p'  est'  .               .  .020 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Rhychyn  p'  est'               .  .               .120 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  Wirglodd  Kay  Rhychyn  p'  est'  .100 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  bichan  p'  est'    .  .030 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  yr  (Jowch  p'  est*              .  .120 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Sweene  Hescog  p'  est'  .020 

1x9.      7     I    o 
Johannes  Jefferies  Armiger  tenet  de  eidem  terr'  vn'  cotag*  et  clan- 
snm  nunc  diuis'  in  dnas  clausuras  vocat'  Kay  birchlan'  per  esti- 
mac'o'em ....  xi\j«.  iijjd.      120 
(Edwardus  D.)  Will'mns  Dymock  Armiger^  tenet  de  terr'  p'r'd'cis 

^  William  Dymock,  third  son,  bnt  eventual  heir,  by  Maud,  his  second  wife, 
daughter  of  Roger  Puleston,  Esq.,  of  Edward  Dymock  of  WUlington  in  the 


cclxii 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


una'  tenementa'  et  una*  dans'  vocat'  j  groat  tich  nnnc  in  trib 

p'  estimac'o'em    ...... 

Un'  al'  tenementn'  de  terris  prediotiB  gardin'  et  pomar'  inxta 

venellam  per  est'  .... 

In  clans'  vocat'  Mayes  Mawr  tres  selion'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Sedd'  xs.  Yd.  ext'.    Bentale  xiigs.  vd. — In  eodem  dans'  tree  sdi 

ones  aUaji  p'  est'  .... 

In  eodem  Canipo  qninq'  alias  seliones  p'  est'    . 
In  danso  nnnc  diuis'  in  dnas  dansnr'  vocat'  Kay  Newydd  p'  est' 
Quatuor  seliones  in  prat'  vocat'  Wirglodd  vawr  p'  estimac' 
In  clans'  vocat'  ddole  Gk>z  p'  estimac' 
Tin'  clans'  terr'  arrabil'  et  prat'  vocat'  y  birth  Lloyde  p'  est' 
In  campo  vocat'  y  Gwem  gogan  p'  est' 
In  prat'  vocat'  Wirglodd  hire  p'  est'  . 

Ixs. 

Ad  volant'.  Bedd'  vs.  iyd.  ext'. — Johannes  Jefferies'  Armiger  tenet 
vnn'  tenementn'  nnp'  in  tennra  Soberti  ap  Griffith  ap  YoUin  et 
Edwardi  ap  Griff*  ap  Yollyn'  gard'  et  pomar'  ad  volnnt'  p'  est' 

Dnas  claasuras  terre  vocat'  y  gyrddy  et  in  Campo  vocat'  Ddole  pen 
y  bont  p'  estim'  .  .  . 

Tenet  et  vnu'  cottagia'  de  terr*  pred'  gard'  et  cartelag*  p'  estim' 

Qainq'  seliones  terr*  in  Biyn  Kregog  p'  estimac'o'em 

xxxujs.  li^a. 
M.— Bob'  ap  Griffith  ad  volnnt'. 

Edwardns  ap  John  ap  Bobert  tenet  de  terr*  predict'  vnnm  tene- 
mentn' in  dans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  pall  dwy  except'  tribas  sdionib' 
Sidnei  Ellice  generos'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Bedd'  vs.  ixd.  ob.  ext'.  BentaJl  v\js.  ^d.— Un'  dans'  vocat'  Hossan 
p'  estimac'  ...... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  pnll  Croone  p'  est' 

In  loco  vocat'  Ddole  Goz  vnnm  peciam  vocat'  yr  £rw  Gam  p'  est' 

Tres  sdiones  orofto  vocat'  p'  est'. — In  Campo  vocat'  Ddole  goc  et 
vnam  selionem  in  Ddole  goz  nnp'  diet'  Brob'ti  ap  Griffith  ad  vo- 
lant'    ....... 

xliv|s.  liga. 
M'.    Doi'  Bob'  ap  GriBf  ad  volant'.— Johannes  William  tenet  et 

de  terr'  pred'  nnu'  cotag'  in  dans'  vocat'  erw  ty  popty  p'  estim' 
Tres  clansor'  terr*  vocat'  Clay  hir  p'  est' 
Bedd'  vs.  ext'. — Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Kannoll  p'  esf     . 
Un'  clans'  pastnr*  vocat'  pen  y  Mayes  p'  est'  nnp'  d'c'i  Bobert  ap 

Gr.  ad  volnnt'     ...... 


Bedd'  igs.  ii\jd.  exf . — Johannes  Bogers  tenet  vnu'  cottag'  et  dnas 
clausur'  terr'  vocat'  Erw  Lloyn  Coll  p'  estimac'o'em   .  t 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Bryn  Stirrock  p'  est' 


A.  B.  p. 

2  O  O 

0  2  O 

1  2  O 

O  2  O 

O  2  O 

2  O  O 
O  I  O 

0  X  O 

1  O  O 

0  I  20 

1  O  O 

9  3  » 


O  O  20 

a  2  o 

O  O  lO 

O  2   O 


o  30 


120 

0x0 
100 
100 


0  I  ao 
4  o  20 

1  10  o 

130 
X  o  o 

020 
410 

100 
320 


xxxlgs.  iigd.      420 


parish  of  Hanmer,  and  of  Penley  Hall  in  Ellesmere,  Esq.    Descended  from 
Tudor  Trevor. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cclxiii 


Bedd'  i\js.  iigd.  ezt'. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  William  ap  Medook 

tenet  vnn'  pratum  vocat'  Wirglodd  vayn  p'  estimao'o'em 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  towre  vcha  p'  est' 
Cartas  seliones  in  do'  Yooat'  tyre  sete  p'  est' 
Escheate.— Unam  pedam  in  tyre  sete  iuzta  Dee  per  estimac'o'em 
Idem  tenet  oertas  seliones  in  tyre  sete  per  est' 

•  •  •  •  •  •  V     ^ 

zxxi^f.  ui^d 
Bedd'y*.  vi^d.  ezt'. — Johannes  Deoka  tenet  de  eisdem  terns  vnam 

parva'  peciam  terr'  p'  est'  .  .  .        xvjd 

Johannes  Jeffireyes  Armiger  tenet  yn'  tenementu'  gard'  et  pomar' 

inxta  Bango'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  p'  est'     . 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  gro  yoUin  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vooaf  Erwfos  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Ennys  vanr  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Eoch  tyre  maur  except'  vna'  selion'  Edwardi  ap 

John  ap  Bobert  p'  est'       .  .  ,  . 

TJnam  pastor'  vocat'  Ddole  pen  y  bont  p'  est    . 
Bedd'  xlvigs.  vjd.  ext'.— Un'  prat'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  tan  y  place 

Newydd  p'  estimac'  (except'  dim'd'  acr'  Joh'is  Bronghton) 
Unam  pedam  pastnr'  iacen'  in  Wnrglodd  hyre  per  estimac'o'em 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  groydd  p'  est' 
Tenet  ot  vn'  dans'  vocat'  Ddole  goz  p'  est' 

Bedd'iy«.iiijd.ext'.^ohannes  Sntton  generos'^  tenet  vnum  ten'tu 

gard'  pomar'  et  curtelag'  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  tan  y  bichan  p'  est'    . 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  breekes  p'  est' 
Al'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  plat'  p'  estimac' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  E[ay  Kannol  p'  est' 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  erw  Eenrick  p'  est'  . 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Hyre  issa  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Hyre  vicha  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  pimp  taUor  (except'  qnatnor  seliooes  Ellizd 

Banlfe)  p'  est'     ....  * 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  letty  Owen  p'  esf 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Mayes  Seswick  p'  est' 
In  alio  clans'  vocaf  Mayes  Seswick  Joh'is  Bronghton  p'  estimac' 
In  Mayes  Seswick  vcha  cum  Joh'is  Bronghton-  et  Hnmfro  Eyton 

p  esu    •■•*.•• 
xxxs.  iig<2.,  vide  xvd..  Manor  de  Iscoyde  ext'. — Un'  clans'  vocat' 

Genfordd  except'  cert'  selionib'  Sidnei  Ellice  p'  estimac'o'em    . 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Bryn  vcha  et  al'  voo'  Bryn  yssa  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  al'  tenementn'  in  tennra  Ed'ri  ap  Bichard  gard'  et  cnrtelag' 

p'  estimac' 


A.  B.  p. 

020 
120 
100 
020 
020 

400 

o    o  10 

020 
700 
320 
220 
300 

700 

12  o    o« 

120 
100 

13  o    o 
320 

54    2    o 


o 
I 
o 
I 
I 
I 

2 
2 

o 
I 
I 
o 


2 

o 

2 
I 

3 
o 

o 

o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


3  20 

2  o 

3  o 
3    o 

o    o 


120 
200 

00x0 


1  John  Sntton  of  Gwersyll  in  the  parish  of  Wrexham,  Esq.  He  married 
Jane,  daughter  of  John  Wynne  Lloyd  of  Flas  y  Bada,  now  called  New  Hall, 
in  Morton  Anglicorum.    Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  azure. 


cclxiv 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Un*  dans'  vocat'  Moory  p'  eetimac*    .... 
Un'  prat'  vocat*  Wirglodd  Vaur  except'  cert*  selion*  Will*m  Dy- 

mock  Armigeri  p'  est'        ..... 
Un'  clans' vocat'  Ddole  goz  vagbaii  except'  vn'  paroell'  terr'  WUl'm 

Dymock  et  vna  peda  Edmundi  John  Bobert  vocat'  £rw  gam  et 

trib' selionib' d'c'i  Edri  p' est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Servey  Gureham  p'  est' 
TJn'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  Wanlle  p'  estimac' 
Duas  clans'  terr*  vocat'  Eay  glaee  p'  est' 
Tin'  dans'  vocat'  Mayes  y  groes  (except'  vna  parva  peda  Johannis 

Deeke)  p'  est'      ..... 
Duaa  pecias  in  loco  vocat'  tyre  sete  p'  est' 
Un'  crofb'  iuxta  riunl'  Dee  p'  estimao'o'em 
Un'  croft'  vocat'  y  vron'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Certas  sdiones  in  Campo  vocat'  Bryn  Cregog  tree  seliones  in 

Campo  vocat'  y  Kevenfordd  et  certas  seliones  in  loco  vocat'  y 

slange  p'  estimac'o'em       ..... 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Mayes  y  Werglodd  gron  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clans' vocat' erw  Mayes  y  Werglodd  gron  (except'  dnabns  seli 

onib'  Johannes  Bronghton  et  Hnmfridi  Eton)  p'  est'   . 
Un'  al'  tenementn'  in  tennra  Bogeri  ap  Bandle  pomar'et  cnrtelag* 

p'  estimac'  ..... 

Duo  croft'  adiaoen'  p'  estimac' 
Un'  al'  tenementn'  in  tennra  Edwardi  ap  Thomas  gard'  pomar'  et 

cnrtelag'  p'  est'   ..... 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Eoed  et  al'  vocat'  Erw  Kay  Koed  p'  estim' 
Un*  croft'  prope  Erw  Mayes  Seswick  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Mayes  Manr  (except'  13  sdion'  Will'mi  Dymock) 

p'  est'    ...... 

Certas  seliones  in  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Koch  p'  estimac'o'em 

'       IM, 

There  is  but  one  tent  vpon  theis  landes,  4  Eliz.,  now  5. 

Theise  perticnlers  before  sett  downe  vnder  the  names  of  John 
Jeffiriesj  Armiger,  and  John  Sntton,  gent.,  are  mnche  differing 
in  quantity  from  the  Survey  of  4'o  Eliz.,  when  the  wholle  was 
in  the  tenure  of  Jo.  Hanmer,  vnder  the  quantitie  of  38  acres ; 
and  I  finde  in  Mr.  Jeffries  tenure  53  acres,  and  in  Mr.  Sut- 
tons,  47 ;  in  toto,  100  acres.  Howe  theis  70  acr*  increased,  I 
finde  not.  The  rent  in  toto  was  then  770.  4d. ;  and  nowe,  aa 
it  is  dinided,  it  comes  to  ^^8.  3d. 

Bedd'  i\j«.  viijd.  ext'.— Bandle  ap  John  tenet  vnum  cotag'  in  do' 

vocat'  Qenfordd  cum  gard'  p'  estim' 

Duas  parcellas  prati  vocat'  Werglodd  tan  y  bellan'  p'  estimac' 

Farcell'  of  33  acres  nuper  Bogeri  ap  Jenkins. 

xxvj». 

Bedd'  ii^jd.  ext'.  Is  now  erection. — Hugo  Meredith  Armiger  tenet 

ad  volunt'  vnum  cotagin'  edificat'  sup'  vestum  in  via  Begia' 

Qnecen'  a  Bango'  versus  Wrexham  cum  gard'  et  parvo  pomar* 

per  estimac'o'em  ....        vi\j«. 


▲.    B.    P. 
120 

120 


I 

I 
I 

5 


2  o 

0  o 

3  o 

1  o 


200 
010 
010 

010 


2 

3 

I 

o 


o 

I 
o 

I 
o 

47 


o    o 
o    o 


1  o 
o    o 

O  20 

2  O 

1  O 

3    o 

2  O 


o    o  20 

120 
I      2   20 


o    o  20 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cclxv 


One  John  ap  John  bnilt  tfaia  ootage,  and  held  it  at  will,  of 
whome  Mr.  Meredith  bought  it.  Thus  are  cottages  built 
ypon  the  Princes  waste  bought  and  sould  without  interest. 
Better  ye  Prince  made  more  proffitt  of  them,  or  otherwise 
to  dispose  them. 

Bedd'  yjs.  yiijd.  ext'  ad  ^ol'.  Bedd'  ii^d. — Hugo  Meredith^  tenet 
vnam  parcellam  terre  vocat'  Gweme  Pickill  p'  est'  .  xvjs. 
Tenet  et  ynn'  cotag*  in  Pickill  ad  yor. 

Bedd'  §  ii^Zi.  zizf .  xd.,  wherof  some  is  payd  in  some  of  the  former 
rentes. — Thomas  Hall  lateHe  helde  a  capitall  mesuage  in  Ses- 
wick,  now  by  assignmentes,  sales,  and  mortgages,  so  dismem- 
bred,  and  growne  betwene  the  tenn'tes  therof  so  Htigious  as  the 
tenn'tes  of  the  Jurie  can  neyther  reconcile  what  every  man 
holdeth,  nor  what  trulie  did  auntiently  belonge  to  the  ferme. 


A.    B.  p. 


200 


but  supposed  to  contayne  nere 


▼al'  p'  an'  Ixli.  100    o    o 


S'm'  Bedd'  tenen'  ad  volnnt'  et  p'  dimiss'.    The  laste  makes 
the  rent  yncertaine. 

4*0  Eliz.,  Bedd'  in  toto  §  zl^/i.  zxd.  q'. 


BEDWALL. — TENENTES   PER  DIMISSIONES. 

Bedd'  It.  iid.  ext'.  No  copie  before  4  EUz. — Bobertus  Wynn'  gene 
ros'  tenet  vnu'  ten'tu'  in  Bedwsll  gard'  et  curtelag'  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Ddole  p'  estim' 

Un'  dans'  vocat*  y  Drollyn  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  tyre  dd'  Mathew  p'  est' 

Ad  volunt'.—Un'  clans'  vocat*  Kay  gwydd  p'  est' 

Tin'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  ychan  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  SkuUar  p'  est' 

Tho.  Budon  m're  vx'  damat  premissa.— Tin'  claus'  nunc  diuis'  in 
quatuor  vocat'  Kevyn  yr  Olwymon  cu'  cotag'  et  gard'  p'  estim' 


o 

2 
I 

3 

2 

4 

2 


o 

2 

3 
o 

o 

o 

o 


10 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


12      2      O 


Wants  10  acr'.  xiijli.  ig«.  viijd.    26    i  10 

This  should  bee  36  acres  per  vlt'  tenet. 

Et  vnu'  aJ'  tenementu'  ib'm  et  duas  dausiir'  vocat' adiacen' 

p'  est'   .....  xxxi^s.  ii^'d.      300 

The  cop'  made  3  Eliz.  pro  21  ann'.  The  rent  shoulde  be  lxv9. 
ijjjd.  ob.   See  Jo.  Bowland  for  v«.,  and  Jo.  Browne  for  x^d. 
Poetea  i^Zi.  v«.  ujjd.  ext'. 
Thomas  Decka  tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  gard'  et  curtelag'  p'  est'  006 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Ddole  le'nn  ap  Adda  p'  est'   .  .410 

Tin'  claus'  vocat'  Glan  Cly  wedog  p'  est'  .  .700 


1  Hugo  Meredith  of  Pentref  Bychan  in  the  parish  of  Wrexham,  Esq.,  second 
son  of  Bichard  Meredith  of  Pentref  Bychan,  fifth  son  of  John  Meredith  ab 
BawHn  or  Bowland  ab  Meredydd  of  Tref  Alun  in  the  parish  of  Oresford. 
Descended  from  Ithel  ab  Eunydd,  lord  of  Tref  Alun  and  Gresford.  See  Arch. 
Camb.,  April  1874,  p.  145. 

2l 


cclxvi 


ORiaiNAL  DOCUMENTS. 


«  A.    B.  P. 

XTn'  claus'  vocat*  Talwen  y  feae  go'     .  .210 

Un'  al'  daos'  vooat'  Talman  7  feae  tewt  p*  est'  .400 

Un'  olaos'  vooat'  Eaj  Koed  p'  estimat'  *     4   2  0 

XTn'  olaus'  vooat'  Eoed  Kay  bichan  p'  est'  .               .100 

IJn'  clans'  Yocaf  erw  y  Kay  p'  estimat'  .200 

Tin'  dans'  yooat'  y  Eay  p'  estimat'     .  .               .500 

Tin'  clans'  Tocat'  Kay  Pehig  p'  est'                    .  .100 

Un'  (dans'  vocat'  Kay  Ennion  ddny  p'  est'       .  .               .120 

Un'  dans'  vooat'  Kareotyr  Manre  p'  est'  .300 

Un'  al'  dans'  vocat'  Karectyr  bichan  p'  est*     .  .               .300 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kaven  yr  Olwymon  in  qnatuor  per  eetimac'o'em      900 

xvjli.    47    2  6 
This  shonld  bee  56  acres  short  of  qnantitie  and  rent. 
He  pretendes  the  rent  to  be  in  the  former^  bnt  how  he  holds  it 
doth  not  appeare. — Tenet  et  vn'  al'  tenementn'  gard'  et  onrte- 
lag*  et  dnas  dansnr'  terr'  vocat*  Akze  Ennyon  et  al'  vocat'  erw 
MarohwhieU  p'  eetim'       ....  xk.      300 

No  oopie  before  the  lease,  bnt  held  ad  vol'.  Bedd'  x^t.  ijd,  ezt*. — 

Johannes  James  tenet  vn'  tenementn'  et  pomarium  p'  estimat'       o    f 
Un'  dans'  vocaf  y  Ddole  p'  estimaf  .  -30 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  Skabbo  p'  est'  .13 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Gwem  y  gwynell  p'  est'         .  .  .13 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Akre  dd'a  p'  est'  .  .12 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Newydd  p'  est'  .20 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Nant  p*  est'  .12 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Madnn  go'  p'  est'  .20 

Un'  cotag'  mcl'i  vocat'  Kay  Dulun  p'  est'  .12 

Un'  al'  cotag*  in  d'o  vocat'  yr  Akre  hirion  per  estimac'o'em  i    2 

ixli.  xs.    16   3 
Bedd'  zviy*.  ext'.— Johannes  James  ap  Danid  tenet  nn'  tenement* 

mnlt'  refert  arborib'  gard'  et  pomar'  p'  estimat'  .      o 

Un'  dans'  vocaf  Koed  Pickill  in  qninq'  p'cell'  diuiss'  p'  estimat'       4 
Dnas  clansnr'  vocat'  Tyre  le'nn  p'  est'  .  .  .2 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  y  Kay  issa  et  al'  vocat'  vron'  y  Kay  issa  p'  eet'  .      2 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  vony  p'  estim'  .  .  .0 

Un'  crofb'  vocat'  yr  Ardd  yssa  p'  estimat'  *   .  .0 


0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


1 20 
2  0 
0  ' 

I    8 

I  6 
0  » 


vjK.    10    I  0 


Bedd'  zzzv«.  ext'. — Bogems  Jones  tenet  Unnm  tenementn'  pomar' 
et  gardin'  p'  estimat'         ..... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  Skibbo'  p'  est'  .  .  . 

Un' dans' vocat' Croa' y  fittis  p' est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  tyre  Deon  Manr  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kaye  Hellig  et  al'  Tyre  Enon  bichan  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Tyre  Knight  Manr  p'  est' 

Un'  al'  clans'  vocat'  Tjre  Knight  bichan  nnnc  diois'  in  dnas  par- 
ceUas  p'  est'        *..... 

Un'  dans'  vocaf  Kay  glase  p'  estimac'  nap'  Johannis  ap  Bobt.  ap 
Edward 

This  should  be  31  acr'. 


o 
I 
I 

5 
9 
3 


3 

3 

3 
o 

0 

2 


0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


2  0 


I    2  0 


26   3 


ORIGINAL  DOOUMfiNTB. 

Bedd'  iigs.  m^d.  ext'.  Jo.  Eenrick  fllius  Eenrick  ap  Boberfc  ap 
Hoell  olamat. — Idem  tenet  una*  olaas'  vooat'  7  Wirglodd  vsxa 
p'  estimac'o'em  .....  jXs. 

Nap'  Jaoobi  Eaton. 

Redd'  Y$,  ext',  p't  of  xlv«.  ii^d.  ob.  of  Tho.  Decka  before.— Johan- 
nes Rowland  tenet  unu'  tenementa'  gard'  et  pomar'  nap'  Bogeri 
ap  Jenkin  p'  est*  ..... 

Tin'  daas'  yocat'  yr  erw  yr  foedd  trwyddy  p'  est' 

Un'  claos'  vocat'  yr  erw  gannoll  p'  eet' 

Un'  daas'  vocat'  yr  erow  vichan  p'  est'  , 

X7n'  olaas'  vocat'  nessa  yr  tye  p'  est'  .... 

Bedd'  \j«.  vjd.  est',  p't  of  vxs,  xd. — ^Tenet  et  ana'  daos'  vocat  Kay 
braych  p'  est'      ...... 


Nap'  dd'  ap  John  ap  Jenkin. 

Bedd'  zxiu.  iii^jd.  ext*.  The  rente  shoold  be  zls.  Ezpirator.  This 
was  graanted  by  cop'  i  Eliz. — Sidneas  Ellice  tenet  vna'  mes- 
soag'  pomar'  gard'  et  cartelag*  p'  estim' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Fickhill  high  bichan  p'  est'    . 

Tin'  olaas'  vocat'  Pickhill  high  Maar  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  girddy  p'  estimat'  cam  tir  Annes  et  daos'  vo- 
cat' streete  Bedyn  ..... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  redwr  p'  est'  .... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Koyd  Kay  Nessa  yr  tye  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  place  Dd'  Lloyd  p'  est' 

Un'  daos'  vocat'  y  Earectir  p'  est'     .... 

Bedd'  z«.  viigd.  ext'. — Tenet  vna'  daas'  vocat'  pimp  Acr'  p'  est'   • 

Bedd'  v«.  ext'.  No  copie  of  this  before  the  lease. — Idem  tenet  ana' 
cotagia'  et  daas  daasar*  terr*  voc'  yr  Acrene  p'  estimac'o'em 

xiy/i. 

Bedd'  ig<.  ext'. — Johannes  ap  Boger  ap  Ll'en  tenet  vn'  cotag'  et 

dans'  vocat'  erw  vcha  p'  est'  .... 

Un'  al'  cotag*  vocat'  erwe  issa  p'  est'  .... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Wirglodd  issa  p'  est'  n'  Bogeri  ap  lle'n 

xxxi^«.  liga. 

Bedd'  xxxiiiijs.  jd.  ext'.  The  reservac'on  vpon  his  lease  is  bat  X2j«. 
vigd. — DaaidoB  Lloyd  ap  Boger  tenet  vna'  tenementa'  dno 
pomar'  et  dao  gardia'  cotag'  et  prat'  vocat' Wirglodd  vcha  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Bedwall  vaar  nnnc  in  tres  dansnras  dinis'  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kaj  Cockshoote  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  gayno  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  glim  ranon  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Wirglodd  yssa  p'  est' 

YHjU 

This  shoald  be  25  acres. 

Bedd'  vj<.  ext'  vnpa'd.  This  is  not  in  demise.— Will'mns  Gamwell 

iare  vxor  Frandsse  damat  tenere  vt  dicit'  vna'  tenementa'  et 

tres  clausor'  terre  viz'  Akre  y  Wraich  Kay  Koch  et  Kay  Skibbo' 

nanc  in  novem  p'cell'  p'  estimat'     .  .       vj(i.  xi\is.  iiiid. 


cclxvii 

A.  B.  p. 

300 


o    o  20 

3  I  o 
100 
100 
o    o  20 

220 
7    3  20 


0 

I 

0 

2 

0 

0 

4 

0 

0 

5 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

3 

0 

0 

2 

2 

0 

3 

0 

0 

7 

0 

0 

3 

3 

0 

31 

0 

0 

I 

0 

0 

I 

3 

0 

0 

3 

0 

330 


200 
900 
120 
120 
200 
100 

17  o  o 


13  o  o 


cclxviii 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


M*. — Frandsies  Grosuenor.    M*. — Johannes  ap  fU)bert  Gi' 
dam'  till'n'  huic  ten'to. 

Joh'es  filias  Kenrick  ap  Bob*  Hoell  silit'  clamat'. 
Bedd'  zzxii\j«.  jd.  ezt'p*  rentale  zlii^js.  izd.  ext' — Bogenis  Thomas 

tenet  vnu*  tenementu'  gardiu'  pomar'  et  croft'  p'  estimat' 
Unu*  dans'  vocat'  Gwern*  y  pockyn  p'  est* 
Un*  daos'  vocat*  tyr  y  ven  y  vaur  p'  est' 
Un'  al*  daus'  vocat'  tyre  y  veny  y  viohan  p'  est' 
Un*  clans'  vocat*  Ddole  go*  p'  estimat' 
Un'  dans*  vocat'  Eyffe  p'  estimat' 
Ua'  dans*  vocat'  Kay  Medock  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  glase  p*  estimat' 

viyU 

This  shonlde  be  25  acres. 

M'. — Memorand'  hie  Bogerus  Thomas  clamat  tenere  vn'  pec* 

torre  arrabil*  vocat'  Eay  Medock  in  Bedwall  lib'e  per  est*. 

Bedd'  i^s.  v^d.  ext'.    No  oopie  before  the  lease.    Ad  volnnt'. — 

Uanidns  ap  Danid  tenet  vnn'  messnagin'  et  tree  parvas  dans' 

terr'  vocat*  yr  Akre  p'  estimac'on*  .  .  zziij«.  iiijd. 

Nnp*  Uanidi  ap  le'nn  ap  Gr. 

Bedd*  ijs.  zd.  ext'. — Dorothea  EUice  vid'  tenet  p'  termino  vite  et 

postea  Bogero  Elizeo  filio  s'  vnn'  dans'  terr*  vocat*  Eay  yr  Kill 

p*  estimat'  .....        xvjs. 

Bedd*  zvi^a.  ext*. — Bichardns  Presland  tenet  vnn'  tenement*  po- 

mar*  gardin*  et  croft'  ex  occiden'  p't*  domus  p*  e8timac*o*em 
Un*  clans'  vocat'  erw  y  tye  popty  p*  est* 
Un*  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Gwillym  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat*  erw  wyre  p'  est* 
Un'  clans*  vocat'  Kay  pull  p*  estimat* 
Un*  prat*  vocat*  y  Wirglodd  p*  estimat' 
Un*  pedam  vocat'  erw  Mayes  Shone  p'  est' 
Un'  clans*  vocat'  erw  ShoUy  p*  est*    . 
Unam  parcell*  terre  in  ecewe  vanr  p'  est* 
Unam  al*  parcell'  in  Kay  pnll  p'  est'  . 
Unam  parcella*  in  Kay  glase  p'  est*    . 

vjli.  zi\|«.  li^d. 

It  shonld  bee  15  acres,  and  Tho.  Jones. 

In  mortna  manu  nisi  sit  dimissio  si  non,  ad  vol'.  Ther  was  a  cop' 

2  Eliz.   Bedd*  zzs.  zd.  ext'. — Bobertus  Senile  Joh'es  Kenrick  et 

al*  ad  vs'  Eccl'ie  sive  pochianoru'  de  March  wheale  tenent  vnn' 

tenementu*  pomar*  et  gard'  vocat'  erw  Birrllan  p'  estimac'o'em 

Dnas  clausur*  terr'  vocat*  Mayes  Shone  p*  estimac'o*em 

Un*  clans*  vocat*  Kay  Bichan  p'  est*   .... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Hoell  diuis'  in  dnas  p'cellas  p*  estimat' 
Un*  dans'  vocat'  Coed  Kay  Messa  yr  tye  jaoen'  p'  erw  yr  birrllam 
p  esu     ....... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Hoell  bichan  p'  est' 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Kay  yr  marie  bichan  p'  estimac*o*em    . 


A     K.   F. 


I 
I 

3 

3 

3 
o 

2 
I 

17 


O 

o 
I 
o 
o 

3 
o 

2 


O 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


2      O 


030 
030 
120 
200 
420 

0  2    20 

1  I  O 
O  2  20 
020 
020 
O      2    20 

13      2      O 


030 
420 
100 
120 

220 
I  I  O 
100 


n*  Joh*i8  Wynn  ap  Edw. 


vjli.     12    2    o 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  cclxix 

•  A.   R.  P. 

Bedd'  vj«.  ezt*. — Johannes  ap  William  Madock  tenet  vna'  cotagiu' 
et  clans'  adiacen'  vocat'  j  theenog  p'  estimat'  .300 

Bedd' vjs.  ezt*.  No  copie^  zc  ad  volant*. — Tenet  et  vnn'  clans'  ara- 
bir  in  orien'  p'te  vice  vocat'  erw  bont  p'  estimat'  .  .110 

Un'  clans*  terr*  arabil'  in  occiden*  p*te  vise  voo'  Kay  Benell  p'  est'      100 

Un*  aV  clans'  in  orien'  p'te  viffi  cum  cotag*  sup'ed'  vocat'  Kay 
Crosse  y  streete  p'  estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .170 

Unu'  tenementu'  pomar'  gard'  et  curtelag*  cum  croft'  p'  estimat'        i     i    o 

ii^li.  za.      810 
Bedd'  ziiij«.  ii^d.  ezt'.— Thomas  Goldsmith  generos'  tenet  vnnm 
tenementu'  gard'  et  pomariu'  cuius  tenement!  gardiu'  et  pomar* 
in  parte  libere  vt  dicitur  sunt  distinguntur  p'  metas  bene  cog- 
nitas  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .      o    o  20 

Un*  clans'  vocat'  erw  y  fordd  yr  Byr  y  Wrizham  p*  estimat*  030 

XJn*  clans'  voc'  Eoed  Kay  ffordd  y  Byr  y  Wrizham  p'  estimac'  300 

Un'  clans*  voc*  yr  Erw  kyre  p'  est*      .  .  .  .300 

Un*  claus'  voc'  Bedwell  vachan  p'cel'  vocat'  Coed  Kay  g'lan  y  Avon 
et  al'  vocat'  chwerty  Akry  p'  est'    .  .  .620 

vjli.  zi^s.  ii^d.     13     i  20 
Lease  graunted  to  Bande  Eton,  30  Julie,  6'o  Jaoobi  for  4oyeare8. 
Bedd'  \js.  zd.  ezt*.  In  Buyton  et  Marwheale.— Johannes  Jefferyes 
Armiger  tenet  vnn'  tenementu'  vnu'  claus'  nup'  duo  vocat' 
Wirglodd  Kay  yssa  p'  estimat'         .  .  zli^s.  ii\jd.      300 

In  supervisu'de4  Eliz.  This  was  thus  entred  as  Owenus  Brereton 
tenet  vnam  parcella*  terre  vocat'  Sircote  cont*  acres  m*  in  tenura 
Will*6  ap  Mad.  per  cop*  de  32  H.  8  tenen*  quousq*  zc  reddent 
p'  ann*  zvjs.  ii\jd.  Now  it  is  now  increased  to  2  tenements.  AH 
theis  p'cells  fit  to  ezamine.  Bedd'  Tjs.  vi^d. — Owinus  Breerton 
Armiger  tenet  vnu'  ten'tu'  vocat'  Syrecot  iacen'  apud  Crosse  y 
guynnon  pomar'  gardiu*  et  curtelag'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .010 

Un'  dans'  vocat*  Coed  y  tan  y  tye  p*  est*  .  .  .120 

Un'  claus'  vocat*  Coed  Kay  issa  p*  est*  .200 

Un*  claus*  vocat*  Coet  Kay  gannoU  p*  est'         .  .  .200 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Koet  Kay  nessa  yr  tye  p'  est'  .  .120 

Duas  dans'  vocat'  Darue  issa  et  darue  vcha  p'  estimac'o'em  120 

Un'  al*  claus'  vocat'  Koet  Kay  yr  Cockshoote  cum  pec'  prat'         .      120 
Bedd'  ii\j«.  Yujd,  ezt*. — Un'  al'  tenementu*  in  occupac'one  Griffith 

Thomas  iacen'  in  Pentre  Mylyn  gard'  et  pomar'  p'  est.  .      o    o  10 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Coet  Kay  Cockshoote  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .100 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  erw  fynnon  p'  est'  .100 

vj{{.     12    I  10 
There  was  but  one  tenement  called  Sircote  in  4  Eliz.,  which 

paid  zvjs.  iiijd,  alone,  and  in  Owen  Breereton's  name.  There 
were  no  acres  upon  theis  4  Rliz. 
Bedd'  zz«.  \jd.  ezt'.    Out  of  lease,  as  is  sayed.    Kenrick  Edabury 
m'  Kenrick  Etons.    The  copy  of  this  was  made  2  Eliz.  pro  21 
ann'.— Tenet  et  vnu'  tenementu'  in  Streete  yr  hwch  pomar'  gar- 
din'  et  curtelag'  p'  est'      .  .  .  .010 
Un*  claus'  vocat*  Tyre  limkin  p'  est*                  .                              '330 


CClxx  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Un'  dans'  vocaf  erw  go'  p'  estimat'  . 
Un*  olaus'  vooat'  Akry  Hyryon  p'  est* 
Un*  clauB*  Yooat'  Tyre  y  boU  p*  est*    . 
Un*  dans'  vooat*  Tyre  y  Cardy  p*  est* 
Un'  dans*  vooat'  erw  Skybbo'  p'  est*  . 


A.  R.  P. 
420 
630 
420 
230 
120 


tU.    24    o    o 

In  the  former  survey  bnt  13  acres,  11  acres  snrplns. 
Bedd*  zlig«.  ezt'  ad  volnnt'  m*  Bob.  Wilkinson. — Henrioos  Edge- 
bery  generos*  tenet  vnum  tenementn'  pomarin'  gard'  et  croft* 
onm  curtelag*  p'  estimat*   .  .  .020 

Un'  dans'  vooat'  y  Wirglodd  onm  pistrina  p'  estimao'o'em  130 

Un'  dans'  vooat'  Koed  y  Kill  p'  est'  .  .  .  .300 

Marwheale. — Un'  dans'  nunc  dinis'  in  tres  dausnr'  vooat'  Eay 

Glynoydd  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .  .600 

Un'  clans'  vooat'  Coet  Cookshoote  in  dnas  p'cell'  p'  estimat'         .      600 
Un'  dans'  vooat'  longcroft  p'  est'  .  .220 

Un'  clans'  vooat'  Middle  dose  p'  est'  .'.400 

Un'  dans'  vooat'  Strawbeiy  Butts  p'  est'  .120 

Un'  dans'  vocaf  Mayes  y  Marie  p'  est'  .1100 

Un*  bnscum  adiaoen*  mi^tis  arboribns  refert'  p'  estimao'o'em  400 

TvjJi,    40     I     o 
In  the  former  survey  but  31,  9  acres  surplus.    There  is  much 
wood  and  tymber  vpon  this  tenement. 
Bedd'ziijs.  ezt'.— Johannes  ap  John  Gwyn  tenet  vnn'  ten'tn'  inzta 

viam  ducen'  ob  Eton  vers'  Buabon  giud'  et  ourteUg'  p*  estim'        o    o  20 

Un'  dans'  vooat'  y  vron'  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .  .220 

Un  olaus'  vooat'  Kay  CannoU  in  dnabns  psxoell'  p'  estimate  .      200 

Un'  dans'  nunc  dinis*  in  tres  dans'  vooat'  Kay  John  cum  cotaglo 

p'  estimao'o'em-  .  .  .  .  .620 

c<.    II    o  20 
Bedd'  v«.  TJd.  ezt'  super  vast*. — Agnes  vz'  Dauid  ap  Price  tenet 
unnm  cotagin'  iacen'  in  loco  vocaf  Nant  y  Llewgh  ezisten'  in 
vaste  p'  estimao'o'em        .  .  zzzi^t.  iiijd.      300 

n'  Xpian  v*  Bob. 
Bedd'  i^d.  ezt'  ad  volnnt'. — Thomas  Hope  tenet  vnum  paroeU' 
teiT*  on'  ootag'  snperedificat'  vooat'  garth  glyn  ad  volnnt'  p'  esti- 
mat'     ......       vi^'s.      020 

Bedd'  zzrgc.  viid.  ezt'  escheat. — Jerardus  Eton  tenet  vnn'  ootag* 
gard*  et  croft*  in  occupac'o'e  Boberti  ap  John  p'  est'   .  .020 

In  this  are  newely  fdled  fowre  sound  timber  okes. 
Un'  ootagiu'  vooat'  veddo  goed  de  escaet'  et  tres  dausuras  terr* 

vooat'  Tyre  y  veddo  goed  p'  estimao'o'em      .  .     10    o    o 

Un'  boscum  multis  puchris  querds  MaremitiB  cross'  oresoentib' 

refertum  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .  .600 

De  terris  appertis  adiaoen'  bosc'  non  ezdus'  de  boso'  p'  estimac'        700 
Un'  dans'  vooat'  Tyre  sete  vcha  p'  est'  .  .300 

Un'  claus'  vooat'  Tyre  sete  issa  p'  est'  .400 

Un'  dans'  et  siluis  scedius  p'  est'  .  .200 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CClxxi 

A.    B.   P. 

Octo  parva  crofba  in  dinar  iacen'  p*  estimao'o'em  ou'  pec'  iacen'  in 
longn'   .  .  .  .620 

z^li.  z«.    37    2    o 
This  is  eecheate  lande,  and  in  the  nature  of  demeaenes  graunted 
sinoe  the  tyme  lymitted  by  the  order,  namely  since  H.  j, 
and  no  copie  shewed  at  the  last  survey. 
Woods  were  fitt  to  bee  exempted  out  of  fixture  graunts. 
Bedd'  ig«.  yd.  ext'.    No  copie  pc'  ad  volunt'. — Eogerus  Griffiths 
generos'  tenet  vnu'  ootagium  cum  claus'  Yocat'  y  Sowchuant  p' 
estimac'o'em       .....  xls.      410 

Sedd'  zTJd.  ext'.  P'cell  of  lzv«.  iJid.  ob.  with  Tho.  Decka.  Before 
fo.  201. — Johannes  Browne  tenet  vnu'  cotagiu'  vnu'  croft'  diuis' 
in  duo  p*  estimat'  ....  xz«.      200 

S'm'  Bedd'  §  xxYili,  ij«.  yd. 
4'o  Eliz.,  §  xxvli.  zg«.  yijd.  ob. 


COM'  DENBIGH.— MANEEIU*  DE  EGLOISEGLE. 

(Earl.  3696.  fo.  223.) 

NOMINA  JUBATOBU'. 

EdwarduB  ap  IXd  Lloyd  Edwardus  ap  D'd  ap  Edw. 

Gr.  ap  John  ap  Edward  Willimus  Eithig 

Hugh  Gwyn  ap  Jo.  Bobt.  Griffith  ap  Hugh 

Johannes  ap  Edward  Bobertus  Griffith 

Wili'us  Dauid  Madd'  Johannes  Broughton 

Dauid  ap  John  ap  Madd'  Johannes  Uoyd. 
Johannes  Bromfield 

To  the  first  article  they  say  they  are  altogethe'  ignorant  touchinge  the 
boundes  of  ye  said  manno^  for  that  it  is  intermixed  in  and  amongst  other 
manno\ 

To  the  second  they  say  they  have  no  demeanes  w'thin  the  said  manno'. 

To  the  third  article  they  referre  themselves  to  their  bookes  of  entries  both 
for  landes  and  rente,  except  Idr.  Jenkyn  Lloyd,  whose  landes  and  rente  are 
to  them  vnknowne.  And  as  for  fee  farmers  within  ye  said  manno',  there  are 
none  to  theire  knowledges. 

To  the  fourth  article  they  likewise  refeire  themselves  to  their  bookes  of 
entries  both  for  landes  and  rente. 

To  the  fift  article,  as  touchinge  customary  tennantes,  they  have  none  but 
suche  as  hold  by  lease. 

To  the  sixt  article,  as  touching  their  commons,  they  are  enter  commoners 
with  other  manno' within  ye  said  lordshipp  of  Bromfield,  in  a  common  called 
Myndd  vcha.    As  for  ye  quantity,  they  are  not  able  to  expresse  it. 

To  the  seaventh  article  they  say  they  have  no  woodes  w'thin  that  manno' 
onelie  vpon  their  freeholdes. 

To  the  eight  article  they  say  they  have  no  parke  w'thin  the  manno',  nor 
never  hadd,  to  their  knowledge. 


CClxxii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

To  the  ninth  article,  as  touching  incrochementes,  they  say  th^  hare  none 
to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  tenth  article  the  p'sent  that  they  have  no  oopie  or  cnstomarie 
landes  within  that  manno',  but  they  are  helde  from  fortie  yeares  to  fortie 
yeares,  and  they  are  elBwhere  sett  downe. 

To  the  eleventh  article,  as  touching  quarries  of  stone,  they  have  but  upon 
theire  freeholders.  As  for  mynes  of  cole  and  leade,  they  are  graunted  in 
lease  vnto  Sir  Bichard  Grosveno^  Knight ;  and  as  for  chalke  or  marie,  they 
have  none. 

To  the  twelveth  article  they  say  they  have  no  freeholde'  that  hath  died 
without  heire  generall  or  speciall  w'thin  that  manno',  to  theire  knowledgeu 

To  the  thirteenth  article  they  say  they  have  no  towne  corporate,  etc. 

To  the  fourteenth  article,  they  knowe  none  y't  have  ezchaunged  copie  oar 
leased  landes  for  fee,  to  theire  knowledge. 

To  the  fifteenth  they  say  that  they  have  no  customary  myll  w'thin  y't 
manno*. 

To  the  sixteenth  article  they  say  that  they  have  within  that  manno'  vppon 
the  high  moore,  peate,  turfe,  fnrse,  and  feame ;  and  that  the  freeholders  and 
leasholders  have  them  for  theire  severall  vses,  not  paying  any  thinge  for 
them,  or  ever  did,  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  seaventeenth  article  they  say  that  they  have  no  viewe  of  franck- 
pledge,  leete,  or  lawday,  within  that  manno*;  but  they  are  to  doe  their  ser- 
vice both  at  leete  and  court  baron,  vizt.,  at  the  court  leete  twice  in  ye  yeaxe, 
where  it  shall  please  ye  steward  to  appoint  it,  and  at  the  court  baron  as 
often  as  they  are  required.    As  for  com'on  fyne,  etc.,  they  pay  none. 

To  the  eighteenth  article,  they  knowe  of  noe  houses  that  are  fallen  downe 
or  decayed. 

To  the  nyneteenth  article  they  say  that  for  ought  they  knowe  or  have 
hearde,  the  Prince  hath  all  waifes,  estraies,  etc.,  within  that  manno'. 

To  the  twentieth  article  wee  say  that  they  have  no  fishing,  etc. 

To  the  one  and  twentith  article  they  say  that  they  have  neither  markett 
nor  faires. 

To  the  twoe  and  twentith,  they  knowe  of  none. 

To  the  three  and  twentith  article,  they  pay  nothing  to  any  other  manno*. 

To  the  twenty  fowerth  article  they  say  they  have  onelie  a  baylie  to  receave 
ye  Princes  rente,  by  whose  appointm't  is  to  us  vnknowne. 

To  the  five  and  twentith  article  they  can  say  nothing. 

To  the  six  and  twentith  article,  they  have  the  pole  or  perch  to  the  custome 
of  ye  countrie. 


LIBERI  TENENTES. 


A.    B.   P. 


Moreton  Wallicoru'.  Bedd'  x^d.— Griffith  Mathews  tenet  v  mess' 
cum  pertinen'  et  decern  parcellas  vocat*  p'  no'i'a  sequen'  viz. : 
Un*  claus'  vocat*  y  bryn  bychan  un*  claus'  vocafc*  Erw  sarred  un* 
clans'  vocat'  Gwerne  bleddie  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Erw  vchan  un' 
claus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  Newydd  un*  claus'  vocat'  bryn  kownog  un* 
claus'  vocat'  Koe  tan  y  bryn  do  vn'  claua'  vocat'  bw'th  Ithell 
un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Kryavell  p'  estimat'  .  .    22    o    o 

Morton  Wallicoru'.  Bedd'  ii^d.  ext'. — Bogerus  Griffith  de  Eyton 
tenet  vn'  claus'  vocat'  Maes  y  berelan  p'  est'  .300 


ORIGINAL  D0CUMBNT8.  Cclxxiii 

A.  B.   P. 

Moreton  WaUioom'.  Bedd'zyiij<i.ext'.— ^Thomaa  Wynn  fcenetyau' 
messoag'  oum  pertinenc'  et  qnataor  paax^llas  ten*  viz.:  tin 
dans'  Yooat'  y  Bxyn  Toha  nano  in  duo  nn'  olans'  vooaf  yr  hewl 
un'  daus'  vooaf  Eae  Madd'  ap  Ll'en  per  estimat'       .  .1500 

Sedd'  yigd.  Moreton  Wallicor*. — Idem  tenet  doas  paroellas  viz. : 
un'  daoa'  Toeat'  S!ae  heilin  on'  olana'  vooat'  llyn  Dyrie  p'  esf  .      400 

Moreton  WaUioora'.  Bedd'  xsjd.  ext'.  Add  4d.  p'  rental'  qnia  in 
rental  lis.  jd. — Edwardua  ap  William  tenet  an'  mees'  cum  perti- 
neno'  et  septem  paroell'  toer'  yiz't :  nn'  olans'  vocat'  Eae  gnial 
on'  dans'  vooat'  Eae  Kadwgan  an'  dans'  vooat'  yr  Akre  an' 
daos'  vocaf  y  Eae  ialaw  y  blawdd  an'  paroell'  terr*  vocat'  Eawir 
y  Lewis  et  vn*  dans'  Yooat'  gwierglodd  y  Lewis  p'  estimac'o'em    1500 

Moreton  WaUioora'.  Bedd'  xjs.  ext'. — Bobertus  Sonlle  Armiger^ 
tenet  sex  daus'  terr'  viz. :  an'  dans'  vooaf  E[ae  Gwenllian  vcha 
nono  in  2  on'  daos'  vocat'  Eae  Gwenllian  issa  an'  dans'  yooat' 
y  Wirglodd  vawr  an'  dans'  yocat'  y  Wirglodd  yechan  on'  daas' 
▼ocat'  yr  Erw  yarl'  p'  esf  .  .  .  .    16    o    o 

Bedd'  x^d.  ext'. — Bogeros  Jonee  tenet  vna'  messaag*  cu'  perti- 
nenoiis  Tooaf  Havod  Griffith  et  yn'  parcellam  terre  nnnc  dials* 
in  tres  paicellas  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .  .400 

Bedd'  xy«.  ext'. — ^Bobertns  SooUey  A.  tenet  yn'  mess'  on'  p'tin' 
diyers'  p'oell'  terr*  p'  eetimac'o'em  ....  294    o    o 

Bedd'  y«.  exf . — Thomas  Lloyd  Ar.  tenet  tres  p'oell'  terr^  yocaf 
Gweme  y  Eidys  p'  estimaf  .  .600 

Bedd'  ys.  iigd.  Moreton  WaUioora'. — Emannd  Jones  tenet  yn' 
hotren'  yn'  stabnl'  et  dnas  paroellas  terr'  yiz.  yn'  olans'  yooat' 
Eae  y  Calwyn  et  al'  Eae  byohan  p'  estimao'o'em  .400 

Moreton  WaJliooru'.  Bedd'  iigd.  ext'  add'  x  di'  quia  Bental'  xxi\jd. 
Johannes  ap  John  Daoid  Lloyd  tenet  yn'  messnag'  onm  perti- 
nen'  dno  dans'  yocaf  biyn  y  ddmas  ycha  et  bryn  y  ddmas  issa 

Un'  haren'  et  yn'  dans'  yocaf  y  Eae  Uoyd  p'  estimao'o'em 

Moreton  Wallicorn'.  Bedd'  xx^'d.  The  late  landes  of  Edw.  ap 
Bandle. — Johannes  Lewis  et  Danid  Lewis  tenet  yn'  messaag' 
cam  pertineno'  et  deoem  paroellas  terr'  yiz. :  nn'  dans'  yooaf 
Eae  r  berUan  nn'  dans'  yocaf  y  bryn  issa  nn'  dans'  yocaf  y 
bryn  ycha  yn'  dans'  yocaf  bryn  HoweU  issa  nn'  dans'  yocaf 
bryn  HoweU  ycha  nn'  clans'  yocaf  y  talwen  ycha  an'  daos'  yo- 
caf y  talwen  issa  nn'  daos'  yocaf  Eae  r  Ayon  an'  dans'  yocaf 
Eae  r  Skabo'  an'  daus*  yocaf  y  Boft  issa  p'  estimaf  .  .    30    o    o 

Bedd'  Tjd. — Idem  Johannes  et  d'd  Lewis  tenent  yn'  mess'  cam 
p'tinen'  et  tree  p'ceU'  terr*  yiz't :  nn'  dans'  yocaf  Erw  yaddock 
an'  dans'  yocaf  yr  Akre  nn'  dans'  yocaf  yr  Erw  al's  tie  ycha 
yr  streete  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .  •  .600 

Moreton  WaUicoru'.  Bedd'  \jd. — Thomas  Hnghes'  tenet  qnatno' 
p'cellas  terr*  in  Morton  Widlioorne  p'  estimao'o'em  .400 

>  Bobert  Sonlli  of  SonUi,  Barton  HaU,  and  Plas  IJohaf  in  Gristionydd,  Esq., 
High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  1598 and  161 1.  He  married  AUco,  daughter 
of  William  Fowler  of  Hamage  Grange,  co.  Salop,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  ram- 
pant aable. 

*  Thomas  Hughes  of  Pennant  y  Belan,  coUector  of  the  Eing's  rents  in 

2k 


Cclxxiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


».  P, 


Bedd'i^s.  ext'.  Moreton  Wallioom'. — Qwinua  Bady^  tenet  vn*  capi- 
tal' messnag*  oum  pertinen'  et  sezdeoem  clans'  terr*  oont'  p'  est'    40    o    o 

Bedd'  z^d.  ext'. — ^Idem  tenet  duo  messaag'  cam  pertinen'  m' 

Yocat'  7  biyn  goley  al'  j  bronydd  et  octo  p'oell'  terr'  eidem  spec- 
tan'  p'  est'  .  .  •  .  .    32    o    o 

Moreton  Wallicora'.  Bedd'  vi^'«.  ezt'.  Add  zdi.  p'  rental'. — ^Ed- 
wardtiB  Bromfleld'  tenet  vn'  capital'  messnag'  cam  pertinent' 
et  diners'  paroell'  terr'  viz. :  Un'  clans'  vocat'  7  Kae  bychan  nn' 
clans'  YOcat'  Eae  r  garth  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  r  U'oe  nn'  daas' 
YOcat'  yr  Hemblas  dinis'  in  tres  nn'  clans'  Yocat'  Kae  r  Koed 
issa  nn'  dans'  YOcat'  Kae  r  Koed  Yoha  nn'  clans'  vocat'  y  Kae 
Mawr  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kaer  pobty  dinis'  in  dno  per  estimac'     .     50    o   0 

ii^s.  vijd.  ezt'.  Moreton  Wallioom'. — ^Thomas  Lloyd  Armiger 
tenet  vn'  capital'  messnag'  cam  pertinen'  et  octodecem  parcel- 
las  terre  p'  estimao'o'em    .  .  .  •  .  120    o    o 

iiijd.  ext'. — Idem  Thomas  tenet  qnatno'  paroell'  in  Morton  pred' 
per  estimao'o'em  .  .  .  .  •     10    o    o 

xijd.  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  vn'  messnagin'  cnm  pertinen'  vocat'  y  ty 
Inghay  Ithell  Yanghan  et  sez  parcell'  terr'  continen'  per  estim'     14    o    o 

\jd.  ezf. — Idem  tenet  vn'  messnag'  cnm  p'tinent'  et  vn'  paroell' 
terr'  continen'  p'  estimao'o'em         .  .  .400 

ijd.  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  vn'  messnag'  cnm  p'tinen'  et  dnas  paroell'  • 
terr'  vocat*  y  ddwy  Erw  Ithinog  p'  est'  .  .600 

ijd.  ezt'.— Idem  tenet  vn'  messnag'  cum  p'tinen'  vocat'  y  ty  yr  y 
nant  et  vn'  p'cell'  terr'  continen'  p'  est'         .  .  .010 

Bedd'  Tvjs. — Moreton  Wallicora'. — Heres  Bichardi  Hughes  tenet 
vn'  capitale  messuag'  cnm  pertinen'  quinq'  tenementa  duo  cot- 
tag'  et  diversas  p'cellas  terr'  continen'  p'  estimao'o'em  •  250    o    o 

Idem  tenet  vn'  tenementn'  in  Estlusham  p'  estimac'o'em  .    40    o    o 

Moreton  Wallioom'.  Bedd'  y<.  The  late  landes  of  D'd  Mathew. 
— Bichardus  Warbnrton  tenet  nnn'  cottagin'  et  vnam  parcell* 
terr*  et  etiam  quinq'  parcell'  per  estimac'o'em  .  .     20    o    o 

Bedd'  zs.  ob.  ezt'. — Edwardus  Danies  (Bobt.  Uoyd  de  Bnabon) 
tenet  vn'  messnag'  cnm  pertinen'  et  decem  parcell'  terr'  viz. : 
nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  Jenkyn  ap  Jenkyn  nunc  in  tres  nn'  dans' 
vocat'  yr  Wirglodd  hir  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  Bhyg  nn'  clans' 


Mador  and  other  places,  son  of  John  ab  Hugh  ab  Edward  ab  lenan  Lloyd  of 
Glyn  Ceiriog,  second  son  of  Bobert  Lloyd  of  Plas  is  y  Clawdd  in  the  parish 
of  Chirk,  Esq.  Party  per  bend  sinister  ermine  and  ermines,  a  lion  rampant  or, 

^  Owain  Bady  of  Stanstay  and  Plas  yn  y  Delff.    See  page  92. 

*  Edward  Bromfield  of  Bryn  y  Wiwer  in  Mortyn  Anglicomm,  Esq.,  was 
the  eldest  son  of  Martin  Bromfield  of  Bryn  y  Wiwer,  by  Elizabeth  his  wife, 
only  child  of  William  Eyton  of  Watstay,  Esq.,  by  his  second  wife,  Qwenllian, 
second  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Bichard  ab  Thomas  ab  Bhys  of  Oswestry; 
ab  Maurice  ab  lenan  Gethin  ab  Madog  Cyffin.  He  married  Catherine, 
daughter  of  John  SonHi  of  Sonlli,  Esq.,  by  whom  he  had  an  only  daughter 
and  heiress,  EUzabeth.  who  married  Sir  Gerard  Eyton  of  Eyton,  Knight  Ban- 
neret. Argent,  a  cross  flory  engrailed  sable,  inter  four  Cornish  choughs  pro- 
per ;  on  a  chief  azure,  a  boar's  head  couped  argent.    See  pedigree. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CClxxv 

A.   S.    P. 

Yocat'  7  Erw  re  dw  an'  olaas'  vooat'  yr  Erw  fechan  un'  clans' 
Yocat'  7  Kae  Marie  un'  clans'  vocat'  jr  Hen  Havod  nn'  clans' 
vocat'  gwerglodd  7  bergam  nn'  clans'  Tocat'  7  £ae  gw7dd  nn' 
clans'  Tocat'  7  Kae  b7chan  p'  estimat'  .  .    20    o    o 

Bedd'  zzd.  The  late  landes  of  John  ap  le'nn  d'd. — Owinns  Jones 
tenet  divers'  p'cell'  terr'  in  overe  Bellini  de  Isco7de  et  Eglesegle 
oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .    24    o    o 

Trenebichan.  Bedd'  zzYVJ«.  vi\jd. — Gabriel  Llo7d  armiger  tenet 
decern  messnag*  cum  p'tinen'  vn'  oottag'  et  qninqnagenta  par- 
cellas  terr*  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  257    o    o 

Browghton.  Bedd'  xviijd.— Hngo  ap  Bobert  tenet  tres  paroellas 
terr*  cnm  p'tinen'  vocat'  ddol  vaden  hen  Kae  glas  7  ddol  las  con- 
tinen' p'  estimac'o'em        .  .  .  .500 

Bedd'  ijd. — Johannes  Bandle  Jnnio'  tenet  vn'  messnag*  cnm  per- 
tinenoiis  dnas  parcell'  terr*  vocat'  Ka7  Hon7e  et  Ka7  Grifith 
vanghan  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .800 

Bedd'  vjd. — Johannes  Dauid  tenet  vn'  parcell'  terr*  vocat'  Eae  7r 
FTnnon  p'  estimat'  .  .600 

Non  in  rentall. 

Bedd'  ajs.  ii^jd.  ezt'. — Ghriffith  ap  Hugh  tenet  decern  messnag'cum 
pertinen'  et  decem  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  Kae  glas  Kae  gwair  tir 
Jenkin  Dauid  7  goodfa  7  7eafer  iss'  7  Koetie  havod  7  nant  7r 
akre  tir  marl  maior  in  dnas  paroellas  terr*  diuis'  et  Erw  7r  iron' 
continen'  p'  est'  .  .  .  .  .  .    60    o    o 

Bedd'  iigd.  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  una'  parcellam  voc'  Kae  Dreuiog 
continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .400 

Bedd'  vs.  j<2.  ext'. — Bobertus  Gruffith  tenet  vnn'  mess'  cum  perti- 
nent' et  undecem  paroellas  terr'  cont'  p'  est'  .  .    60    o    o 

Bedd'  1^8. — Johannes  Dauid  ap  John  Tho.  tenet  vnn'  messnag'cum 
pertineno'  et  quatuo'  parcell'  terr'  cont'  p'  est'  .800 

Bedd'  zQd. — Bobertus  Danies  tenet  vn'  mess'  cu'  p'tin'  et  vn' 
p'ceU'  terr*  continen'  p'  est'  .  .  .600 

Bedd'  xd. — Johannes  ap  John  ap  Edward  tenet  duo  messuag'  cum 
pertinen'  et  duodecem  paroellas  terr*  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em     30    o    o 

Bedd'  vJ8.  vigd.  ezt'. — Bogerus  Salisbury  Armiger  tenet  tres  mes- 
suagia  cum  pertinent'  et  divers'  parcellas  terr*  vocat'  Kae  Mawr 
continen'  p*  est'  .  .  .  .    30    o    o 

Bedd'  zvjd. — Howell  ap  Edward  tenet  vn'  messuag*  cum  pertinent' 
et  tres  parcell'  terr'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .500 

Bedd'  iijs.  vi\jd. — Thomas  Powoll  tenet  duo  oottag*  et  quatnor  par- 
oellas terr'  continen'  p'  est'  .  .  .  .700 

Bedd'  zv\jd.  Broughton  et  Acton.— Edwardns  ap  Bichard  Phillip 
tenet  tres  parcellas  terr'  continen'  p'  est'  .  .800 

Idem  tenet  vna'  parcella'  terr'  in  Act7n  oont'  p'  estimao'o'em       .      020 

Bedd'  z\jd. — Bobertus  Gruffith  de  Br7mbo  tenet  vn'  messnag'cum 
pertinent'  et  vnam  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  Kae  r  Ueian  in  seperal' 
parcellas  divis'  cont'  p'  estimat'      .  .  .  .    10    o    o 

Bedd'.i^s. — Badolphus  Edwards  et  Joh'es  Edwards  fil'eius  tenent 
duo  mess'  cum  p'tinen'  et  nove'  p'cell'  terr'  continen'  p'  estim'      39    o    o 

Bedd'  zvijs.  vjd.  Browghton. — Will'mus  Meredith  Ar'  tenet  sep- 
tem  parcellas  terr'  vocat'  Kae  Tibbott  Maes  7  berllan  b7chan 


Cdxxvi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


k.  K.?, 


Maes  7  berllan  vawr  Maes  j  berllaa  nessa  yr  Bfajd  Kae  Blye 
Kae  gvtton  Toha  Kae  giti^n  issa  et  le  Soft  Nant  y  Fittis  (ex- 
cept' vn'  Ezw  qai  est  in  Stanstie  iasa)  oontinen'  p'  est*  .    60  o  o 

Bedd'  X8,  yiyd.— Idem  tenet  vn'  messaag'  earn  pertinenciis  ali- 
quando  terr*  Wlll'm  Maddockes  et  decern  paroeUas  terr*  et  dno 
cottag*  et  noYcm  pazcellas  terr*  continen'  in  toto  p'  estimac*     .    80  0  0 

Bedd'  2j«.  vi^d. — Idem  tenet  vn*  messuagia'  cam  pertinenciis  et 
sex  parceUas  terr*  et  duo  oottagia  et  octo  p'cell'  terr^  oontinen* 
in  toto  p'  estimao'o'em      .  .  .  .    70  0  0 

M*  de  Bedd'. — Idem  tenet  una'  cottagin'  et  cert'  p'oellas  ten'  Toeat' 
tir  twna  in  dnas  parceUas  dinis'  7  ddol  bryn  7  fislin  et  bryn  yr 
orsedd  oontinen'  p'  estimao'o'em     .  .  .  .    46   0  0 

Bedd'  ▼i]Qf..yd.— Idem  tenet  vna'  tenementa'  adinngen'  MonV  p' 
ll7n  BeceiT'  et  dnodeoem  paroeUas  terre  oontinen'  p'  eetimac'   .    30  0  0 

Bedd'x^f.  jd.  ob.  Bronghton. — WiU'mas  Bobinson  Armiger  tenet 
vna'  messuag*  com  pertinenc'  et  qainq'  paroeUas  terr'  oontinen' 
p'  estimat'  .  .  .  .  .  .100 

Idem  tenet  octo  paroeUas  terr*  oontinen'  p'  estimao'o'em  300 

Idem  tenet  vna'  molendia'  aqaatica'  gran'  .000 

Idem  tenet  vnn'  p'ceU'  teir'  oontinen'  p'  est'    .  .  .500 

Idem  tenet  diaers'  parceUas  terr'  p'  est'  .  .400 

Idem  tenet  vnam  paroeUa'  terr'  Tocat'  Ka7  talgrath  continen'  p' 
estimat'  .  .  .  .  .  .200 

Idem  tenet  vna'  mesBuag*  com  p'tinen'  et  diners'  p'ceU'  terr'  con- 
tinen' p'  est'        .  .  .  .  .  .700 

Idem  tenet  vna'  oottagin'  et  p'oeU'  terr'  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em     020 

Idem  tenet  vna'  messoag'  cam  p'tinen'  et  dnas  p'oeU'  terr'  oonti- 
nen' p'  estimat'  .  .  .  .  .  .30° 

Idem  tenet  vna'  messaag'  sive  tenemeota'  ca'  pertinen'  et  tree 
p'oellas  terr*  cent'  p'  est'  .  .  .  -30^ 

Idem  tenet  dno  cottagia  et  daas  p'oellas  terr'  oontinen'  p'  estim'       4  0  0 

Idem  tenet  imam  messaagia'  p'tinea'  et  doas  p'oellas  ten'  oonti- 
nen' p'  estimat'  .        *       .  .  .  •  .100 

Bedd'.— Johannes  AUington  tenet  vn'  cottagia'  et  dnas  paroeUas 
terr'  vocat'  Erw  7  radeU  cent'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .3^0 

John  Bandle  and  his  heires  is  to  pa7  70  rent. 

Bedd'  i\js.  Tujd,  Acton — GabrieU  Goodman  ar*  tenet  vn'  messnag' 
cam  pertinenciis  et  qaatao'  paroeUas  torr*  yooaf  Kae  Ithin 
Mawr  in  dnas  parceUas  diais'  Kae  Eithin  John  Glove'  in  daas 
parceUas  diais'  Erw  7  Kae  Eithin  Mawr  et  vownog'  nono  in 
qaatao'  paroeUas  diais'  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em         .  .    3^  ^  ^ 

Bedd'  iia.  iujd.  ext'. — Edwardas  BeUott  tenet  octo  p'oellas  terr' 
oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .    12   0  0 

Bedd'  i\j«.  yd.— Edwardas  Paleston  Armig'  tenet  vn'  messaag* 
cam  pertinenc'  et  dnodeoem  parceUas  terre  eidem  p'tinen'  oon- 
tinen' p'  estimac'o'em        .  .  .  .    30  0  0 

AotTn.  Bedd'  vj«.  iijd. — Hago  Meredith  Armiger  tenet  dao  mes- 
saag' et  pertinenc'  et  diaers'  paroeUas  terr'  oontinen'  p'  estim'     30  0  0 

Actyn.  Bedd'  jd. — Dauid  Mathew  tenet  vnn'  messaag'  cam  per- 
tinenciis et  daas  p'cellas  terr'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  4  0  0 

Bedd'  ija. — Johannes  ap  Hagh  ap  Edwarde  tenet  daas  paroeUas 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CClxxvii 

A.  R.  P. 

terre  vooat'  Kae  glas  et  Kae  banadle  nimo  in  quinq'  paroellas 

dinis'  continen'  p'  eetimaoVem  .  .1000 

Bedd'  yd. — Joh'es  ap  John  ap  John  LVen  ten't  tres  parceDas  terr' 
▼ocat'  tir  7  gevelie  Eae  cfazist  Erw  y  g^eohhan  oont'  p'  est'     .    12    o    o 

Bedd'  zd. — Johannes  Sandle  senio'  tenet  vna'  meesnag'  cam  per- 
tinen'  et  qoinq'  paroell'  terr'  vooaf  Kae  Maen  lloyd  Eae  vcha 
tirr  mab  addo  yawx  tir  mab  adda  yychan  et  Kaer  gwair  conti- 
nen'  p'  estimao'oem  .  .  .  .  «      8    o    o 

Xaer  gwair  ia  to  John  Bandle  for  lief  the  fee  simple  thereof 
to  Hagh  Meredith,  Esq. 

Kedd'  xd. — Edwardos  ap  John  Mathewe  tenet  vnu'  messoag'  com 
pertinen'  yoc'  i,  2,  y.  ddva  dri  Mabb  Adda  3  y.  Eae  yscallog  et 
4  y.  ddwy  erw  conthien'  p*  estimat'  .  .800 

Sedd*  zzd. — Heres  Sandle  ap  ElHs  de  Enowlton  tenet  vn'  mes- 
Buag*  earn  pertineno'  vn'  olausor*  terr*  nunc  diuis'  in  qaatuor 
paroellas  cont'  per  estimac'o'em      .  .800 

Sedd'  xziiy<.  vd. — Daoid  Lloyd  tenet  octo  paroellas  terre  TOcaV 
Eae  proU  orwn  Uynllongmer  Cockshutt  tir  natter  le  Marie  camp 
Eae  glas  le  clopp  le  Hoppyard  continen'  p'  estimao'o'em  .    43    o    o 

Sedd'  yjd. — Howell  ap  Howell  tenet  vna'  p'cella'  terr*  continen' 
p*  estimac'o'em    .  .  ;  .200 

Bedd'  xvs.  ixd.  Actyn. — Johannes  Jeffreys  Arndge'  tenet  vnn* 
capital'  messnagia'  cum  p'tinen'  et  sezdecem  daasur'  terr*  prat' 
pastar*  et  boso'  yoc'  Maes  Actyn  Qweme  Actyn  Eae  glas  Eefn- 
Tata  Eaer  Ichen  Eaer  Eoed  Eae  Fynnon  ocr*  Eaer  Acthnen 
issa  Eaer  aethnen  vcha  Coed  issa  Eer  vallen  bys  y  Eoed  tan  y 
steed  y  wem  vechan  y  Eae  bichan  bxyn  y  gwhui  et  Bryn  Ithell 
in  daas  p'oellas  diois'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  150    o    o 

Bedd'  iiu«.  i^d. — ^Idem  tenet  sex  messuagia  cum  p'tinendis  in 
tenara  Johannis  ap  John  Dauid  Harry  ap  William  Danid  Laance- 
lott  Johannis  ap  John  ap  William  Maddock  Thome  Halker 
ll'illy  nap'  vz'  Johannis  ap  Bandle  et  diners'  p'cellas  terr'  eisdem 
messaagia  spectan'  continen'  p'  estimat'       .  .  .000 

Idem  tenet  vna'  cottagiu'  dao  crofta  in  tenor'  Johannis  ap  Edward 
continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .000 

Bedd'zd.  Actyn. — ^Michael  Jones  et  Eatherina  Jones  yidaa  mater 
eias  tenet  vn'  daas'  vocat'  Erw  St.  Silai  et  vn'  al'  dans'  iazta 
Croes  yr  Erios  saper  occidental'  p'te'  de  Chester  alta  via  vocat' 
Eaer  groee  continen'  p*  estimac'o'em  .  .300 

Bedd'  vjd.  Erthig. — Thomas  Trafford  Armiger  tenet  vna'  tene- 
mentu'  tres  p'ceU'  terr'  vocat'  Eaer  deinte'  Eae  Gr  dd'  goz' 
Maes  melin  Dom'  cont'  p'  estimat'  ...  .  .000 

Bedd'  vf.  vjd, — ^Will'mos  Erthig  tenet  vna'  messaag*  oa'  p'tinen- 
ciis  et  daas  p'cellas  terr*  vocat'  Top  y  Castell  an  Dyddol  tan 
Dop  y  Castell  et  diaers'  et  p'cell'  terr*  cont'  p'  estimac'o'em      .    50    o    o 

Bedd'  jd. — ^Edwardas  Meredith  tenet  vn'  p'cellam  fandi  continen' 
p'  estimac'o'em   .  .  .  .  .  .100 

Bedd'  z^«.  iid. — Bichaxdas  Daoies  tenet  vn'  capitalem  messoagiu' 
duo  tenementa  cum  p'tinen'  in  Erthig  et  viginti  et  vn'  parcell' 
terr'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em         .  .  .  .  120    o    o 


cclxxviii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


▲.    B.  F. 


Bedd*  Tvvid.  ext\  Cacadatton.— Thomas  Pate  tenet  oert'  ten'  in 
Camp  de  Hawlington  et  Cay  Hova  cent'  p'  est'  •  .300 

Moreton  Wallioora'.  Bedd'  t^s.  ii^d.— Thomas  Trafford  Armiger^ 
tenet  tres  tenement'  et  diners'  p'cellas  ib'm  cent'  p'  estimao'     .      000 

Moreton  Wallicom'.  Bedd'  zzvjs.  \jd. — ^Bobertus  Lloyd*  tenet 
▼nu'  capital'  messnag'  oum  pertinen'  et  cert'  toft'  pomar'  et  vi- 
ginti  et  9  olansnr'  terr*  prat'  bosc'  et  pastur*  qui  iaoent'  pro 
maior'  p'te  coniunction'  in  Mortyn  WaUicom'  pars  inde  ezten- 
den'  ad  Esdasham  in  qao  aliqoa  p's  iacet  sup'  borial'  p'tem 
dicti  messnag' et  terr'  et  altra  p's  iacent  infra  viUam  de  Boabon 
in  qua  eztendet  snp'  p'tem  aastrialem  oontinen'  p'  estimat'       .  280    o   o 

Idem  tenet  quatuor  messnag*  cum  p'tinen'  et  vn'  messnag*  cnm 
p'tinen'  et  vn'  oottag*  ?igint'  et  novem  dansur'  sive  p'cell'  terr* 
eidem  messnag'  p'tinen'  nunc  in  tennr*  Johannis  ap  le'nn  ap 
Maddock  Hugo'is  ap  John  ap  Wynne  Johannis  Griffith  Bogeri 
ap  John  Danid  ap  Griffith  et  Hugonis  ap  John  ap  Dauid  conti- 
nen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .000 

Idem  tenet  dnas  seliones  et  cert'  pec'  selion'  Anglice  Butt'  et  par- 
va'  porc'o'em  terr*  bosc'  in  dans'  vocat'  £rw  Kelliog  et  vna'  acr' 
in  Esclusham  in  dans'  vocat'  Kaer  Crippell  continen'  p'  est'      .    45    o   o 

Bedd'  vi\jcE.— Idem  tenet  vnn'  messuag'  cum  p'tinen'  et  cert'  p'cel- 
las terr'  eidem  pertinen'  continen'  p'  est'       .  .     15    o   0 

Idem  tenet  vnu'  cottagiu'  in  Esdusham  in  le  pon'  Danidi  ap  John 
ap  Bichard  et  vnam  parcella'  terr*  in  Mortyn  Wallicom'  conti- 
nen' p'  estimat'  in  toto  duas  acras  pro  quib'  Johannes  Erthig 
hered'  sive  assignat  debent  p'  severe  Bedd'  Begis  .200 

Idem  tenet  vn'  tenementu'  in  Mortyn  Wallicom*  cu'  p'tinen'  et 
vn'  dausur'  terre  continen'  p'  estimat'  vn'  acr'  nup'  terr'  Hugo- 
nis ap  John  ap  Wili'm  pro  quibus  ille  aut  hered'  sni  p'sover' 
Bedd'  Etegis  .  .  .  .  .100 

Cacadutton.  Bedd'  iijd. — Joh'es  Wilkinson  tenet  vn'  p'ceU'  terr' 
arrabil'  et  vna'  selion'  fundi  arrabil'  cnm  moetat'  vn'  selion' 
Ang'ce  a  leading  way  or  balk  et  quinq'  selion'  sive  cutting'  fundi 
arrabil'  cent'  p'  est'  .  .  .  .  .200 

Bedd'  ijd. — Johannes  ap  Bichard  ap  Llwelin  tenet  dnas  p'cellas 
terre  in  Morton  Wallicoruum  nup'  p's  terram'  Johannis  Dauid 
Uoydd  quo  quibus  diet'  Johannis  D*d  Uoyd  hered'  sive  assign' 
p'  solvent'  Bedd'  \jd.  prima  pars  vnde  vocat'  Errowe  vayre  et  al' 
p's  vocat'  Errow  veyn'  continen'  p'  esf  .  .120 

Bedd'  vii^d.  Browghton. — Jo'es  ap  John  Medock  tenet  vn'  mess' 
cu'  p'tinen'  et  7  p'cell'  terr'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .     14    o   0 

Bedd'  xtg». — Tho.  Trafford  ar'  tenet  3  p'cell'  terr*  vocat'  may  sedd 
gwinon'  2  prat'  vocat'  Gwerglodd  y  merch  p'  estimac'o'em  000 

Tenentes  p'  dimissiones. 

S'm'  Bedd'  Ub'om'  tenen'  xyjli  x«.  jd. 
4  Eliz.  §  xv\jlt.  Tvji.  \jd.  q. 

There  wanteth  the  rent  of  Wm.  Meredith  for  46  acr'  of  lande. 

1  Thomas  Trafford  of  Esdusham,  Esq.,  Beceiver  of  North  Wales.  Ermne, 
a  lion  rampant  sable, 
^  Bobert  Lloyd  of  Plas  y  Bada  in  Mortyn  Anglicorum.    Sec  p.  89. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMKNTS.  Cclxxix 

A.   B.   P. 

Johannes  Lloyd'  tenet  in  Stanstie  vcha  una'  messnagiu'  sire  tene- 
menta'  yocat'  y  place  ycha  cam  omniV  Dom'  pomar'  gardiu'  et 
libertat'  et  septem  paroell'  siye  olausnr'  terr'  eidem  p'tinen'  i  a. 
p's  yocat'  7  Kae  y  wch  ben  y  ty  nunc  in  tres  parcellas  diuis'  p' 
estimao'  8  acr*  s'c'da  yoo'  Kae  r  yallen  ycha  g^oz  p*  estimac'o'em 
tree  acr*  3'a  yoc*  Kae  yn  y  Mynydd  p'  estimacVem  tres  acr'  § 
4'ta  yoc*  a  garden  plott  in  Kae  Madd'  ap  Euthir  p'  estimat'  yn' 
rod'  5'ta  yocat'  y  glas  p*  estimao'o'em  doas  aoras  6'ta  yocat'  y 
ddrm  Kae  tan  y  fordd  nunc  in  tres  p'cellas  diuis'  ooUt  6  acr*  et 
7'a  yocat'  a  croft'  iacen'  in  S!ae  Ithell  p'  est'  yn'  rod'  cont'  in 
toto  p'  estimat'  .....         ijli.    21    3    o 

Bedd'  xy\jcl.,  22  y.  in  being. — Johannes  Edward'  tenet  ib'm  yn' 
ten'tu'  yn'  pomariu'  et  septem  parcellas  terr'  prat'  et  pastTur* 
prima  pars  ynde  yocatnr  Tire  gwynion  ycha  continen'  p'  estima- 
co'em  nnam  acr*  et  dimid'  secnnda  pars  yocat'  Tire  gwynion 
issa  contin'  p'  estimao'o'em  ynam  acram  et  dimid'  tertia  pars 
yocat'  Kae  Madd'  do  Benthire  in  doas  p'cellas  p'  eetimac'o'em 
qaatuor  acras  qoarta  pars  yoc'  Kae  crwm  continen'  p'  eetima- 
c'o'em yn'  aoram  et  dimid'  quinta  pars  yocat'  pont  yn  asto  con- 
tinen' p'  estimao'o'em  tres  aoras  sexta  pars  yocat'  y  Bryn  Bhyg 
continen'  p'  eetimaf  quatuor  acras  septima  pars  yocat'  gweirg- 
lodd  y  fynnon  do  p'  estimao'o'em  tres  acras  continen'  p'  estima- 
c'em  in  toto         ....  yiijli.  tu,    18    2    o 

22  y.  in  being.  Bedd'  yd.— Will'mns  Meredith  Armiger'  tenet  ib'm 


'  John  Lloyd  of  Plas  nwch  y  Clawdd,  was  the  only  son  of  Thomas  Lloyd 
of  Plas  nwch  y  Clawdd,  and  Dorothy  his  wife,  daughter  of  Bobert  Lloyd  of 
the  Bryn  in  the  parish  of  Hanmer,  one  of  the  Guard  to  Queen  Elizabeth. 
He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Bichard  Thelwall  of  Plas  Coch,  Warden  of 
Buthin,  by  whom  he  had  one  son,  Thomas  Lloyd,  and  two  daughters,  Ellen 
and  Elizabeth,  who  all  died  without  issue.  The  Plas  uwoh  y  Clawdd  estate 
then  reyerted  to  the  four  sisters  of  John  Lloyd,  who  sold  it  to  Sir  Thomas 
Hyddleton  Hen  of  Chirk  Castle.  This  family,  which  is  a  branch  of  the 
Lloyds  of  Plas  y  Bada  in  the  parish  of  Bhiwfiibon,  descends  from  Bhys 
Gryg,  lord  of  Llanymddylri,  who  bore  argent,  a  lion  rampant  zahle,  armed, 
langued,  and  crowned  gulea ;  the  third  son  of  the  Lord  Bhys,  Prince  of  South 
Wales.  Bobert  Lloyd  of  Plas  y  Bada  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Francis 
Kynaston  of  Oteley,  Esq.,  and  sold  Plas  y  Bada  to  Sir  Thomas  Myddleton 
Hen  of  Chirk  Castle,  who  afterwards  built  a  new  house  there,  which  is  now 
called  Plas  Newydd,  or  New  Hall,  in  Mortyn  Anglicorum.  (Cae  Cyriog 
MSB.)    See  pedigree. 

>  John  Edwards  of  Stanstay  was  the  son  of  Dayid  ab  Edward  ab  Dayid  ab 
Bobert  ab  lenkyn  ab  leuan,  descended  from  Meiiir  ab  Owain  ab  Edwyn, 
Prince  of  Tegeingl,  and  died  in  a.d.  1635.  He  married  Janet,  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Edward  Jones  of  Fron  Beg,  son  of  John  ab  leuan  ab  lolyn  ab  Dayid 
ab  Deicws  ab  leuaf  ab  Madog  Foel  ab  Madog  Goch  ab  lenaf  ab  Niniaf  ab 
Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.    See  pedigree. 

B  William  Meredydd  of  Stanstay,  Esq.,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Bichard 
Meredydd  of  Pentref  Bychan,  and  Jane  his  wife,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Mor- 
gan ab  David  ab  Bobert.    He  had  the  honour  of  knighthood  conferred  upon 


CCIXXX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


K.   P. 


▼n'  clanaar'  ten*  in  doas  pftroellttB  dinxEi'  et  on'  al'  p*oella*  ten' 

vocat'  Erow  yr  Tervin  oontmen'  in  toto  p'  eBtimac'o'em     iigU.     1 1     o    o 

Bedd'  TJd.,  22  y.  in  being. — Johannes  Edwards^  tenet  ib'm  vnnm 
tenementa'  et  tria  pomar*  eidem  pertinen'  oonV  p'  estimaV  vn' 
acr'  qnataor  parvas  p'oell'  ten*  tog'  y  ddwy  ardd  y  Ty  do  yr  ardd 
tyn  et  gardd  yr  wyn  cont'  p'  est'  duas  acr*  et  vn'  daasur*  Toeat' 
Kae  gwair  continen'  p'  est'  3  aor*  cent'  in  toto  p'  est'  300 

22  y.  in  being.  Bedd'  vi^'d. — Idem  tenet  ib'm  duo  tenementa  ali- 
qoando  in  tenora  Will'mi  Monis  Militis  ynde  vnam  nunc  est  in 
tenora  Boberti  ap  Hugh  et  qoatuor  parras  dans'  et  doas  p*cel- 
las  parvas  eisdem  pertinen'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  qninq' 
aoras  et  altr'  in  tennra  Danidi  Uoyd  et  sex  paroellas  siye  daosor' 
eidem  p'tinen'  continen'  in  toto  p'  estimao^  .  .     12     o    o 

Bedd'  x\jd.,  22  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  sex  clans'  ten'  ▼ooaf 
prima  Kae  Mawr  in  qninq'  paroellas  nxino  diuis' continen'  p'  esti- 
mao'o'em  octodeoem  aoxas  secunda  Biyn  y  fynnon  continen'  per 
estimao'o'em  qoatuor  acr*  tertia  yooat'  Cae  Carregog  continen' 
p'  estimat'  doas  acras  et  dimid'  qnarta  vocat'  y  Trawsdire  oon- 
tinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  duas  et  dimid'  quinta  vocat'  parra  p'oell' 
in  kae  deiois  continen'  p'  estimat'  dimid'  acr*  sexta  Tocat'  p'va 
p'cell'  in  Kae  Twch  ben  y  ty  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  dimid' 
aci^  et  in  toto  continen'  p'  est'         .  .  .  .     28     o    o 

Bedd'  ii\jd.,  22  y.  in  being. — Idem  Johannes  tenet  duas  dausur' 
terr'  vocat'  i  y  Biyn  Bhig  continen'  p'  estimao'o'em  tres  acras 
et  dimid'  2  Tire  y  EoUwyn  continen'  p'  estimaf  acras  et  dimid' 
et  continen'  in  toto  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .800 

Bedd'  x\jd. — Idem  Johannes  tenet  ib'm  quatuor  parcellas  terr* 
prima  Tocat'  y  Kae  Bhwng  yddwy  fordd  et  Sam  y  wirglodd  con- 
tinen' p'  estimac'o'em  quinq'  acr'  secunda  Tire  y  geyvrow  nunc 
in  dusjB  diuis'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  quinq'  acr'  tertia  voc' 
one  parcell  taken  out  of  Kae  Mawr  continen'  p'  est'  dimid'  acr' 
Quarta  y  meru'  vechan  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acr'  et 
continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  in  toto     .  .  .  .1100 


zxxK.    62    o    0 
All  theis  laades  last  mentioned  are  held  by  lease  dated  y^o 
February  45'o  Eliz'. 

Bedd'  vj«.  yd.  ext'.    Actyn.    22  y.  in  being. — Owinus  Breerton' 
Armiger  ynum  messuag'  cum  quinq'  dausur'  terr'  nup'  terr* 
Johanms  Bickerstaff  continen' p' estimac'o'em     irjZi.  yj*.  Yujd.     14    o    o 
P'  rental,  xviy«.  ii\jd.,  wherefore  xjjs.  yd.  must  be  added. 

him ;  and  his  son.  Sir  William  Meredydd  of  Stanstay,  was  created  a  baronet, 
which  title  is  now  extinct.  Hugh,  the  second  son  of  Bichard,  had  the  Pen- 
tref  Bychan  estate,  and  was  the  ancestor  of  the  Meredydds  of  Pentref  Bychan. 
This  family  descends  from  Eunydd,  lord  of  Dyffiryn  Clwyd,  Trefalun,  and 
Oresford.  Quarterly,  i  and  4,  a»ure,  a  lion  rampant  or ;  2  and  3,  (uure,  a 
fess  inter  three  horses'  heads  erased  argent. 

1  John  Edwards  of  Stanstay,  Esq. 

*  Owain  Breerton  of  Borasharo,  Esq.    See  pedigree. 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  Cclxxxi 

A.    B.   P. 

Bedd'  y«.  Moreton  Wallicora'.  Richardns  Hughes^  tonet  dnaa 
p'oellas  teir*  vocai'  yr  Akre  in  Mortyn  Walliconi'  cont'  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em  .....        zzz<.      400 

Bedd'  ii$.  ob.  Moreton  Walli'oora*.  2  7.  in  being.  Ad  volunt'.— 
Thomas  Gk>ald8mith'  tenet  yn'  claosnr'  terr*  in  Mortyn  Walli- 
cora'  vocat'  yr  hen'  Acre  nnnc  in  tres  paroellae  diaia'  continen' 
p'  estimac'o'em    .....         zv«.      200 

Bedd'  jji.  ezt'.  Moreton  Wallicoru'.  Escheat. — Owinus  Bady* 
tenet  dnas  parcellas  teir*  in  Mortyn  predict'  vocat'  tir  sheeto 
continen'  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .        il\jU.    15    o    o 

Bedd'  xx\jd.  Browghton. — Thomas  Powell  tenet  vn'  toil'  et  vn' 
p'cell'  terr'  in  Browghton  Yocat'  plas  Alcook  continen'  p'  esti- 
mat'      .  .  .  .  .  zvjf.      200 

Bedd'  zzzujt.  ii^d.  ezt',  equally  apportioned,  3  y.  in  being.  Sir 
Bic.  Trevor  holdeth  2  third  p'ts  of  this,  and  Mr.  Trafford  one  3 
p'te ;  the  whole  aboat  60  aor',  mountainous,  craggie,-and  rock 
grounde. — Biohardns  TreTo'  miles^  et  Thomas  Traiford  Armiger 
tenet  tot'  ill'  dausur'  terr'  infra  montem  vocat'  haFodd  y  Wedd* 
ger  al's  havod  yr  Arglon'd  continen'  p'  estimat'  .    60    o    o 

Yal'.p'  ann'ixU.  cum  redd'.    This  demean,  and  not  leased 
as  the  rest. 

Bedd'  iij«.  Boras.  Expired  5  y.  since.— Johannes  Gos  tenet  tres 
acras  terr'  et  pastnr'  cum  pertinenciis  in  Boras  in  onere  ballioi 
de  Egloisele  continen'  p'  est'  .  .     zxiiij«.      300 

S'm'  Bedd'  tenen'  ad  volnnt'  et  p'  dimiss'  §  IxU^s.  vigd.  ob., 
with  the  rent  of  Hanody  Wirger. 

In  toto  §  xizU.  ziligf.  ixd.  ob. 

1  Bichard  Hughes  of  Llanerohmgog  married  Jane,  daughter  of  David  ab 
Matthew  Wynn  of  Trefor  Hall,  Esq.,  and  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  ab  Hugh 
ab  John  ab  leuan  ab  Deicws  ab  Dio  of  Llanerchrugog,  second  son  of  David 
ab  Madog  alias  Y  Bady  ab  David  Goch  ab  Gruffydd  of  Hafod  y  Bwch,  ab 
lorwerth  Fychan  ab  lorwerth  ab  leuaf  ab  Niniaf  ab  Gynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon. 
Srmine,  a  lion  rampant  adble,  armed  and  langued  guUs.  (Cae  Cyriog  MS.) 
See  pedigree. 

>  Thomas  Goldsmith  of  Wrexham. 

>  Owain  Bady,  of  Stanstay  and  Bhiw&bon,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Boger 
Bady  and  Jane  his  wife,  daughter  of  Edward  Brereton  of  Borasham,  Esq., 
High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  ▲.d.  1598.  He  married  Jane,  daughter  of 
Edward  Lloyd  of  Flas  Madog,  Esq.,  and  sold  his  estate  of  Flas  yn  y  Delff,  in 
the  parish  of  Bhiw&bon,  to  Sir  Thomas  Myddleton  Hen  of  Chirk  Castle. 
Ermine,  alien  rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules.  (Cae  Cyriog  MS.) 
See  pedigree. 

*  Sir  Bichard  Trevor  of  Trefalun,  Knight,  High  Sheriff  for  co.  Denbigh, 
1610.  He  married  Catherine,  daughter  of  Boger  Puleston  of  Emral,  Esq., 
by  whom  he  had  issue  four  daughters ;  and  the  estates  passed  to  his  second 
brother.  Sir  John  Trevor.  Party  per  bend  sinister,  ermine  and  ermines,  a 
lion  rampant  or.    See  pedigree. 


21 


cclxxxii 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    B.  p. 


FABRORUM  MANERIUM. — TENENTES  P*  DIMIB*,  ETC. 

HarL  2l^»fo>  236. 

Buabon  &  Dannille,  expired  5  y.  smce. — Jerardne  Eton  Armige' 
tenet  unum  tenementum  nnper  Soger!  ap  John  Broogliton  yo- 
cat  Mayes  volia  cam  gard'  et  pomario  et  croft'  adiacen'  p'  est*  .     020 

Un'  daus'  nunc  diois'  in  qninq'  vocat'  Mayes  Ycha  p'  estimac'o'em     720 

Bedd*  xj«.— Un'  clans'  ex  oppodt'  tenemento  ex  altra  parte  viflo 
vocaf  Kay  bichan  p'  est'  .  .  .120 

Bedd'  ▼«.— Tenet  et  vn'  cottagin'  gardinn'  et  croft'  adiacen'  700* 
Sithaok  per  eetimac'o'em  .  •  .100 

Quatnor  al'  dans'  yocat'  Sythaok  p'  est'  .  .  .500 

▼i^li.    15    2  0 
Bedd'  j«.  iigd.  ob. — Johannes  ap  le'mi  tenet  vnn'  cottagin'  et  vnu* 

croft'  et  cnrtelag'  Accrochiat  ante  Dom'  p'  estimac'o'em  010 

Un'  daos'  terr*  vocaf  Eay  y  tan  y  iye  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .120 

•  xxa.    130 

See  Bnabon  and  Moreton  Anglicom'. — Thomas  Hope  tenet  vnum 

tenementn'  nnper  le'nn  ap  Bobert  ap  John  ap  ll'en  cnrtelag' 

gard'  et  pomar*  cum  croft'  adiacen'  p'  estimat' 
Un'  clans'  terr*  vocat'  Eay  yr  bady  et  al'  vocaf 'Kay  shack  iooen' 

in  villa  de  Eton  in  manor'  de  Bnabon  per  estimac'o'em 
Bedd'  vf.  mid,  ob. — Un'  dans'  terr*  arrabil'  vocaf  Erw  hyre  per- 

qnisif  de  Johanne  ap  le'nn  per  est' 
Un'  al'  clans'  adiacen'  vocaf  Erw  hyre  p'  estimac'o'em  . 
Un'  praf  in  inferiore  p'te  d'd  dansi  p'  est' 
Duo  al'  dans'  iacen'  inter  praf  pred'  et  croft'  ioxta  Dom'  p'  esf  . 

y)f%.  xi^«.  ii^a. 

Bedd'  vi^d.  exf ,  7  y.  in  being,  ad  volant' ' — Samnelis  John  tenet 

vnn'  cottagin'  gard'  et  cartdag'  in  villa  Bnabon  p'  esf    xxig«. 


•  •  ■  •  « 

Bedd'  xxQd.  exf  ad  volnnf ,  7  y.  in  being.  Bnabon. — ^Will'mns 
WilUam  tenet  vn'  cottagin'  gard'  et  dans'  cam  prato  adiacen' 
cnios  onn'  pars  existit  hop  yard  cnm  pistrina  nnper  (}eorgii 
Langford  per  estimac'o'em  .  .  .         xxs. 

Bedd' vi\jd.ezf,Baabon,  expired  5  y.  since. — Edwardns  ap  Bandle 
tenet  vnn'  cottagia'  ioxta  viam  in  villa  Bnabon  nnper  Johannia 
ap  John  ap  Maddock  cnm  praf  adiacen'  per  esf       xxi^f.  ii^d. 

Bedd'  vjd.  exf «  Buabon,  expired  5  y.  since.— Edwardns  Bromfidd 
tenet  vnn'  cottagin'  in  villa  de  Bnabon  gard'  et  cnrtdag*  p'  esti- 
maco'em  ....  vjt.viijjd. 

Bedd'  i\jd.  exf,  Bnabon,  expired  5  y.  since.— Willmus  ap  John  ap 
Edward  tenet  vnn'  cottagia'  de  Fabroru'  in  villa  Buyabon  p' 
estimac'o'em       ....  vjs.  viijd. 

Bedd'  X8.  vigd.  exf,  Buabon,  expired  5  y.  since. — Johannes  ap 
Hugh  ap  Danid  et  D'd  ap  John  ap  Hugh  filius  eius  tenent  vnu' 


100 
230 
120 

3     10 

100 
320 

12     0    0 


I    3* 


I    3  0 


I    0  0 


005 


o    o  10 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  cclxxxiii 

A.  B.  P. 

tenementa'  curt'  gard'  et  pomar'  et  dnas  dans'  vocat'  Gyrddy  p' 

estimat'               •               .               .  .               .130 

Tin'  prat'  adiaoea'  Tooaf  Wirglodd  vxth  j  tye  .  .              .020 

TJn'  olaoB*  vooat'  Akre  pnU  y  Badell  p'  est'  .100 

Alia'  dans'  adiaoen'  vooaf  l^yxe  y  fynnon        .  220 

Un'  daas'  vocat'  t^re  y  puUe  per  estimat'  .              .200 

Alia'  daas'  vooat'  yr  Akre  p'  estimat'  .100 

m 
iiyii.  JM,      830 
Coed  ezpioneth  et  Fabroro'. 

Bedd'  ▼<.  yiigd.  Coyd  ezpioneth^  1 1  y.  in  being.  The  copie  made 
I  Eliz.  for  31  y. — Danid  ap  WiU'mns  tenet  vna' tenementn'  iuxta 
flnmin'  Ddee  prope  pontem  novn'  p'  estiznac'o'em       ,  .006 

Un'  prat'  adiaoen'  dom'  per  estimac'o'em  •  .030 

Un'  al'  prat'  yocat'  Wirglodd  pwll  p'  est'  .030 

Un'  Qiaos'  adiacen'  vocat'  Tyre  y  pall  p'  estimac'o'em    .  .180 

Dao  daas*  vocat'  Hem  vawr  et  Hem  vichan  p'  est'         .  .130 

Un'  daas'  genistoeg  adiacen'  (per  estimac'o'em)  vocat  Hem  Ben- 
gam      .  .120 
Un'  daas'  vocat'  Dyll  Craoh  p'  est'  .030 
Tres  paroellas  terr*  vocat'  yr  Akre  Kirch  p'  est'                            .100 

iiyU.  ziyt.  ii^d.      806 
It  shoald  bee  1 1  acres ;  the  rest  cannott  bee  founde. 
Bedd'  zzyd.,  Coyd  ezpioneth,  2  y.  in  being. — ^Watkin  Lloyd  tenet 
ib'm  vnam  tenementa'  de  terns  ante  diotis  cam  tribas  daas' 
terr'  iaoen'  inter  dom'  et  flnmin'  p'  estimao'o'em         .  .120 

Una'  cottagia'  cam  gard'  et  orofb'  adiacen'  per  estimac'em  020 

zzzi^s.  uijd.  200 
Bedd'  Tvjs,,  Coyde  ezpioneth,  5  y.  in  being. — Johannes  Edwards 

generoe'  tenet  vna'  tenementa'  gardia'  cnrtelag'  et  croft'  adiao' 

com  mote  pendente  bosc'  refert  maltora'  qaercu'  p'  estimao'  130 

Un'  dans'  terr'  vocat'  l^yre  y  Bzyn  et  al'  voc'  akre  Shellyn  p'  est'  130 
Tres  daaear'  genistosas  et  marisccs'  vocaf  Gweme  y  vawr  p'  est'  520 
Un'  daas'  terr'  arrabil'  vocat'  Kay  Gwirly  cam  dimid'  acr*  prat' 

adiaoen'  p'  est'    .  .  .200 

In  prato  cam  Georgio  Eton  et  Johanne  lloyd  ap  Biohard  p'  est'  .  020 
Un'  clans'  et  croft'  sabtas  Montem  vocat'  Ddole  issa  in  qao 

orescant  qaerd  per  estimao'o'em     .  .  .500 

Un  dans'  pastar'  vocat'  Ddole  gannol  maltora'  qaere  per  estim'  .  230 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  Hova  sabtas  Montem  p'  est'  .020 

Un'  daus'  terr*  arabil'  vocaf  Gellybant  ca'  bosc'  p'  est'  100 

Dao  daas'  iazta  rival'  Dee  vocat'  Ddole  Margett  et  ddole  vicha 

p'  estimat'  cam  boso'  et  qaercis  .420 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  petriohe  p'  est'  .  .020 

Un'  al'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  hyre  p'  est'  .  .      o    3  20 

Bedd' vi\j<i. — Tenet  in  super  vnn'  d'm  terr'  vocat'  Kay  hoaa  p'  est'      i     i    o 

zyjli.    28    I  20 
Bedd'  ziiy«.  viijd,,  Coyde  ezpioneth,  29  y.  in  being. — Johannes 
Lloyd  ap  Biohard  tenet  vnu'  cottagia'  iuzta  riaul'  Dee  nuper 
Johannis  ap  Bobt.  ap  Bees  gard'  curtolag'  et  croft'  per  estimao'      120 


CClxxxiv  OllIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.   B.  P. 


0 


Un'  datiB'  genistoe^  adiao*  per  astimaV  .  '03 

TJn'  dans'  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  yn  Ddae  p'  e8timac'o*em  i   o  o 

TJn'  parva'  prat*  per  estimac'o'em      •  .  •     o   i  o 

Alia'  claoa'  vocat'  Tyre  yr  Ehyd  p'  eet'  .  .  .200 

Duo  al'  clans'  adiaoen'  rooat'  Gweme  Hydwey  yoba  et  iaaa  p'  est*     130 
Tin'  al'  tenementa'  adiacen'  prior  gard'  et  qoatuo'  olaoaor'  iuzta 

riaal'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .     o   a  0 

Un'  al'  tenementu'  subtns  Montem  gard'  et  croft'  adiac'  p'  est'     .     020 
Qaatuor  clans'  prati  p'  eatimac'o'em  .  .  .  .310 

Quatnor  al'  clans'  arabil'  cnm  hoireo  et  stabulo  p'  estimac'o'eni  .    19   0  0 

zvU.    29   2  0 
Coyd  expi(»ieth,  11  y.  in  being.    Bedd*  y<.  iiijd.— Idem  tenet  car- 
tas terr'  vocat'  Kayer  ap  Hoell  yr  erwe  bichan  y  Wirglodd  vechaii 
p'est'  ......  xU.      500 

II  y.  in  being,  Bedd'  ije,  iiyd.,  Coyd  exp'oneth. — ^Tenet  et  tyro  yt 
Ehyd  Kay  Euan  Dwe  yr  akre  tyre  ye  hendwy  yssa  tjre  gweme 
hendwy  rcha  per  est'  xl^t.  yujd,     600 

Bedd'^'s.^'d.,  II  y.in  being. — Johannes  Johnson  tenet  vnnm  tene- 

mentnm  gard'  cum  croft'  adiacen'  per  estimac'o'eni     .  .010 

Un'  clans'  arrabil'  vocat'  yr  hylte  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .100 

Duo  prata  adiacen'  vocat'  Gweme  Hydway  p'  estimao'o'em  .      030 

Tin'  claus'  terr*  vocat'  Kay  yn  Ddue  p'  est'       .  .  .100 

xls.  300 
Coyd  xpionetfa,  21  y.  in  being.    Bedd*  2j«.  iujd.  ezf . — ^Bogems 

Eton  generos'i  tenet  vn'  pratnm  vocat'  Werglodd  gron  p'  eat'  .  020 
Tin'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Maddock  Sayer  p'  estimat'  .  .320 

T7n'  clans'  terr*  arrabil'  vocat'  Akre  Kill  p'  est'  .  .320 

Tria  prat'  qaorum  vnu'  vocat'  Gwem'  y  Uinion  secnnda  Werglodd 

gron  tertii  Gweme  y  fynnon  p'  est'  ,  .  .300 

Un'  cottagin'  iuxta  montem  cnm  gard'  et  do'  adiacen'  p'  estimao'  200 
Dno  dans'  arrabil'  vocat'  Kay  Gwillym  p'  est'  .  .  .500 

^U,  17  2  0 
Bedd'  vi^x.,  Coyd  xpioneth,  3  y.  in  being.— Bobertns  Lewis  tenet 

vnn'  tenementu'  gard'  et  croft'  adiacen'  p'  estimat'     .  .      o    i  o 

Tria  clans'  arrabil'  vocat'  yr  yvye  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .230 

Quatuo'  al'  clans'  nnper  in  vno  vocat'  Tyre  ytnch  y  ford  p'  est*  .  230 
Unam  pedam  terr'  adiacen'  in  xpioneth  Kenrick  per  estimao'  o    i  ao 

Ixs.  6  o  90 
Din'nille^  Bedd'  vs.  ext'.— Bobertns  ap  Danid  ap  Wm.  ap  Danid 

*  Boger  Eton  of  Cefn  y  Cameddau,  alioi  Tir  y  Cellach,  second  son  of 
Edward  Eyton  of  Bodylltyn  and  Ffermau.  He  had  twodaughters^coheiresssB. 
Catherine,  the  eldest,  married  Boger  E^naston,  an  attorney  at  Ludlow,  who 
built  the  house  at  Cefn  y  Cameddau,  called  after  him  Plas  Kynaston.  Maiy* 
the  second  daughter,  married  Gruffydd  ab  John  of  Ghierddin,  who  had  piu^- 
chased  that  place  from  John  ab  John  Graffydd  ab  John.  Gruffydd  ab  John 
sold  Gaerddin  to  Sir  Thomas  Myddleton  Uen  of  Chirk  Castle,  Knt 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CclxxXV 

A.  R.  p. 

tenet  Tna'  tenementa'  in  fabrora'  hortam  ponuur*  et  olaos'  adia- 
een'  p'  eBtimao'o'em  .  .  .  .120 

Un'  olaas'  terr*  vooat'  Three  acre  cum  croft'  adiaoen'  yocat'  Akir 

Byr  per  eetim'  .  .  .  .320 

XTn'  al'  oroft'  ad  inferiorem  partem  eiusdem  dansi  p'  estimao'  .016 
Redd'  i\j».  mid,  ext'. — Un* clans'  vocat'  Tyre  y  Colwyn  voha  p'  eat'  130 
Un'  al'  olaofi'  yocat'  Maes  y  Parke  p'  est'  .400 

0X9.      II     o     o 

Baabon,  expired  5  y.  since. — Edwardas  ap  John  tenet  Tnn'  tene- 

menta' in  fabrora' horreampistriu'gardinnmetpomarinmp' est*      010 
Kedd'  x\J8.  vjd.  ob.  ezt'.— Unum  croft'  inxta  tenementu'  Jerardi 

Eton  voc'  gard'  yr  tye  Mawro  p'  eetimat'       .  .  .010 

Un'  clans'  Tocat'  Kay  tan  y  tye  nnno  in  dnobns  per  eetimae'o'em  230 
Un'  clans'  adiaoen'  dom'  arabil'  vooat'  Erw  fynnon  per  estimao'  .  100 
Al'  clans'  terr*  arrabil'  TOcat'  Kay  WiUoooka  oontinen'  per  estim'  210 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Tyre  an  harad  p'  eet'  .  .  .210 

Add'  vdi.  ob. — Un'  croff  vocat  Kay  vcha  per  eetimat'    .  .120 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  Gwerglodd  tyre  y  pant  p'  estimac'o'em  o    o  20 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  Qwerglodd  tyre  y  pant  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .      o    o  20 

Bedd'  ty*.  ext'  ad  volant. — Un'  clans'  in  Kuabon  vocat'  Kay  Wil- 
cock  vawr  per  estimac'o'em  .300 

Yijli,    14    2  20 
Buabon,  expired  5  y.  since.    Redd'  ujs.  vigcL  ext',  fabrom'. — Ed- 
wardus  ap  Danid  ap  Edward  tenet  vnnm  tenementnm  in  Fab- 
rora' gardinn'  et  sex  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  tyre  Griffith  p'  eetima- 
co'em  .  .       ,        .  .  xUys.  u^d.      330 

Din'nelle,  Redd'  xviigd.  ob.  ext',  expired  5  y.  Bince.-^ohannes 
Thomas  tenet  vnn'  cottagiu'  pom'  pomarin'  et  dans'  arabil'  cum 
prato  adiaoen'  p'  estimat'  .  .  .  xU.      300 

Redd'  YUJ8,  Yjjd,  ext',  Rnabon  and  Din'nelle,  2  y.  in  being.— Roge- 
rus  ap  William  tenet  vn'  ten'tu'  vocat'  Tallome  gardin'  et  onr- 
telag'  p'  estimac'o'em        .  .  .  .100 

Un'  clans'  terr*  vocat'  tyre  y  bwth  Heene  per  estimao'o'em  .      100 

Un*  prat'  ?ocat'  y  Wirglodd  per  est'  .  .  .  .120 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  tyre  Byrthwoth  hire  p'  estimac'o'em  •  .  .100 

Un'  al'  clans'  vocat'  tyre  y  Birmoth  vawr  p'  estimac'o'em  120 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  tyre  y  Birmoth  vaghan  per  estimac'o'em  020 

Redd'  vi^t.  vijd.  ext'.— Idem  tenet  vnnm  alin'  tenementu'  iuxta 

Rob'tnm  ap  John  ap  Maddock  pomar'  gard'  et  oroftum  per  est'      020 
Tria  crofla  adiaoen'  vocat'  yr  Akre  p'  est*  .  .  .300 

Un' clans' vocat' Tyre  Whiskin  p' est'  .  .400 


viiijli.    14    o    o 
Rnabon,  2  y.  in  being.    Redd'  iij«.  vi^jd.  ob. — Johannes  Edwards 
de  Kenen  y  Weme  in  Chirkland^  tenet  vnn'  dans'  vocat'  y  Kay 
dan  y  ddyrwyn  gron  p'  est'  .  .  .120 


1  John  Edwards  was  the  only  son  of  William  Edwards  of  Oefh  y  Wem, 
Esq.,  and  Mary  his  wife,  daughter  of  Roger  Brercton  of  Houghton,  Esq.   He 


CClxXXVi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Un'  dans'  Fooat'  Kay  Gwair  p'  est'    .  .  ,  .130 

Add'  ob.  ezt'.— Un'  al'  prat'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  p'  est'    .  .030 

xzzigf.  ii^d.     400 
Buabon  and  Din'nelle^    Bedd'  zii\js.  vjd.  ext'. — ^Vidna  Margareta 
Williams  de  Wrexham  tenet  vnnm  tenementnm  in  Din'nle  po- 
mariam  oroftnm  et  dansum  vocaf  Kay  Kill  per  estimat'  .     210 

Tenet  et  in  &broro'  vnnm  daasum  ▼oc'  Bhec^yn  Mawr  per  est'    .     410 
The  oopie  was  made  2  Eliz.  for  20  y. — Tin'  clans'  vocat'  Bhectir 

biohan  per  eetimac'o'em    .  •  .  .100 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Weme  per  est*  .  .120 

Dno  clans'  Yocat'  y  Bryny  nnper  nn'  .  .320 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Bay  yan  Han'  p'  esf  .220 

2  y.  in  being. — Alin'  dansn'  vocat'  Kay  cochin'  p'  est'    .  .100 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  Hene  Acre  nnnc  dinis'  in  diners'  paroell'  per  est'      300 
Un'  pedam  terr*  vocat'  £rw  dan  y  Skibbo'  per  estimao'o'em  010 

xZi.    19    I   0 
Din'nelle  et  Buabon,  expired  5  y.  since.    The  copie  was  grannted 
bnt  2  Elis. — Johannes  Danid  Bronghton  tenet  vnnm  tenemen- 
tnm cum  dnobus  croftis  voc'  Tyre  Bhobyn  p'  estimat'  .      100 
Un'  dans'  terr*  arrabil'  vooat'  Kay  Kill  p'  estimao'o'em  .      210 
Bedd'  xvj«.  vi\jd.  ext'. — Un'  al'  claus'  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  yr  als' 

cum  prat' per  estimao'o'em  .  .  .  .220 

Un'  al'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  yollyn  cum  parva  peda  prat'  per  estim'        220 
In  all  he  holdes  24  ao.,  val'  p'  ann'  xigli.  Yjs,  vi^d. ;  so  qnere 
it  is  cont'. 
Din'nelle  and  Buabon,  2  y.  in  being. — Bobertns  ap  John  Bobert 
tenet  vnn'  cotta^'  nnper  Martini  Bromfidd  cum  do'  adiacen' 
vocat'  Tyre  Mally  p'  est'  .  .  .  .120 

Bedd'  X2j«.  vjd.  ext'. — Tres  dausur'  terr'  vocat'  Tyre  cum  issa 
vawr  et  vena  cum  prat'  per  estimao'o'em  .  .    12    0  0 

Un'  dans'  vocaf  tyre  y  vaddo  cum  dimid'  aGr*  snbbosc'  oontinen' 

p'  est'    ....... 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  tyre  henric  p'  estimat'  • 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  erw  Wiloock  p'  est'  .... 

uU.    22    o  0 
Buabon,  2  y.  in  being. — Dauid  ap  John  ap  Boger  tenet  ootag* 
minas  cum  gard'  parvo  per  est'        .... 
Un'  daus*  pastur'  vooat'  Kay  glase  p'  est' 
Bedd'  iuja,  xd.  ext'.^Aliu'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  tan  y  tye  p'  est' 
Duo  dans'  vocat'  tyre  Atkin  p'  est'    .... 

xls. 
Buabon.  Bedd'  xxd.  ext',  2  y.  in  being. — Johannes  Boger  ap  Dauid 


was  three  years  old  at  the  death  of  his  father,  which  occurred  on  the  25tb  of 
August,  A.D.  1599;  and  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Bichaid  Williams  of 
Buthin.  Party  per  bend  sinister  ermine  and  ermines,  a  lion  rampant  or.  See 
pedigree. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


cclxxxvii 


Lloyd  tenet  vnam  ootta^n'  gardina'  et  duo  crofta  adiac'  vocat' 

Tyre  Atkin  yas^han  per  estimao'o'em  .  zzxiy*.  iiiijd. 

Din'nelle,  21  y.  in  being.— Johannes  ap  John  wynn  Jure  Jonas 

verch  John  ap  John  vzor  eius  tenet  vnnm  tenementa'  duo  po- 

mar*  gard'  et  curtelag'  per  estimac'o'em 
Duas  daosor'  terre  arrabil'  et  pastor'  too'  Eay  e  Hitoh  voha  et 

issa  p'  estimaf    ..... 
Bedd'zxs.  yd.  ext'. — Daas  alias  olananras  in  simal  iacen'  quondam 

in  duo  vocat'  Eay  hire  issa  et  voha  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  dans'  adiacen'  Tooat'  yr  Akir  kock  p*  est' 
Un'  clans'  nunc  diuis'  in  duo  vocat'  Eay  skibbo'  per  estimao'o'em 
Duas  dans'  vocat'  Eay  Mawr  p'  est'  . 
Aliam  dausuram  adiacen'  vocat'  Eay  merion  p'  est' 
Tin'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  vaghan  p'  est' 

Aliam  dausuram  vocat'  Tyre  y  bined  y  skibbo*  per  estimac'o'em 
TJn'  prat*  vocat'  Werglodd  p*  est' 
Un' croft' vocat' y  Clutt  p' est' 
Aliu'  dans'  pastur'  vocat'  erw  ddwy  p'  est' 


This  is  but  3  acres  in  the  survey  of  4  "EMx.,  so  there  is  inserted 
22  acres  di.    Whether  it  was  mistaken,  fitt  to  knowe. 

Buabon,  expired  7  y.  since. — le'nn  ap  Hoell  tenet  vnum  tene- 
mentu'  in  Buabon  vocat'  Ardd  byne  cum  do'  adiacen'  vocat' 
Flymack  per  estimac'o'em  .... 

Bedd'  xvi^s.  iiijd.  ext'. — ^Duas  dausuras  vocat'  tyre  y  bergum  p' 

eSu  •  a  •  •  • 

Un'  dans'  terr'  vocat'  Aker  Berr  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Bechan  p'  estimat'  . 

Un'  cotagiu'  vocaf  y  erdd  vich  y  tye  cu'  parvo  croft'  p'  estimac' 

Un'  dans'  vocat*  Eay  pen  y  tye  p'  est' 

Aliu*  dans'  vocat'  Tyre  y  Mall  gwyn  p*  est' 

Unum  aliu'  dans'  vocat'  gardd'  y  Bettus  p'  estimac'o'em 

AJium  dans'  vocat*  Tyre  y  merched  p*  est* 

Un*  prat*  vocat*  Werglodd  hyre  p*  est* 

Un*  dans*  vocat'  Akre  oochyon  p*  est* 

Un'  prat'  vocat*  Akre  Bezr  p*  estimat* 


Din*nelle,  29  y.  in  being.  Bedd*  viy«.  \jd.  ext*. — Edwardns  Eton 
Alius  et  here*  Will'm'  Eton*  tenet  vn'  tenementu'  cum  dans'  ad- 
iacen* vocat*  Eay  Shone  per  estimac'o'em 

Un'  dans*  vocat*  Eay  ddwy  p*  estimat* 

Aliam  dausuram  adiacen*  vocaf  Tyre  Eginon'  p'  estimac'o'em 

23  y.  in  being.  Bedd'  xyd.  ext*. — Un*  pratu*  vocat'  Wirglodd  y 
moch  p*  est*        ..... 

Un*  molendu*  fulloniu'  cum  duab'  croft*  per  e8timac*o'em 

cx« 


▲.  B.  p. 
300 

020 
500 


3 
I 

I 

o 
I 

2 
o 

2 
I 

2 
O 


3 

2 

3 

I 
I 


400 
030 
420 
400 
200 
020 
120 
100 
010 
120 


xiyZi.      25    2    o 


230 


o  o 
o  o 
2  o 
o  10 
2    o 

2  o 

3  o 

2  o 

o    o 

3  o 
3    o 


x2i.    20    o    o 


o  o 
2  o 
o    o 


o 

2 


o 
o 


II     o    o 


^  Edward  Eyton  of  Watstay,  PIsq.,  ob.  A.D.  1623.    See  pedigree. 


CClxXXViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  R.  r. 


Din'nelle,  Bedd'  ujt.  viijd.  ezt',  2  7.  in  being. — Bichardns  ap  Dauid 
Uoyd  tenet  on' tenementnm  cam  gard'  pomaxio  et  prat'  adiaoen' 
oontinen'  p'  est*  .  .  .  .  .020 

T7n*  clans'  nunc  dno  yooat'  Eay  tan  skibbo'  p'  eetimat'  .  .200 

Un'  daua'  nunc  duo  vooat'  Eay  tan  y  Werglodd  p*  eetimac'o'em  .      130 

zlj.      3    I   0 
Din'nelle,  17  y.  being.   Bedi'  xt^a.  yjd.  exf . — Edwardus  ap  John 

Dauid  Go*^  tenet  unnm  tenementu'  gard'  et  pomar'  cum  carte- 
lag'  p'  est'  .  .  .  .  .      o   0  ao 

Un*  dans'  nunc  dims'  in  duo  yocat'  Eay  yr  skibbo'  per  estimao'    •      200 
Aliud  claus'  diais'  in  duo  yocat'  Eay  y  tidome  per  eetimac'o'em   .      2x0 
Unum  aliud  dausum  nuper  diuis'  in  duo  vocat'  Eay  yr  blethin 
p'  est*    .  .  .  .  .  .  .300 

TJn*  claus'  vocat'  yr  tyre  Newith  p'  est'  .120 

T7n'  daus'  vocat'  Eay  Dauid  Yaghan  p'  est'      .  .  .200 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Eay  derras  cum  prato  ad  finem  inde  p'  estimao'       200 
Un'  daua'  diuis'  in  tria  vocat'  Eay  Maigareett  p'  eatimac'o'em    .      220 

v^li.    15    I  20 


MOBETON  ANGLICOEUM. 

2  y.  in  being.  Bedd'  xs.  iiijd. — ^Thomas  Goldsmith  generos'  tenet 
vnum  tenementum  in  Moreton  Anglicoru'iuxta  oomuniam  vocat' 
bryn  y  Walley  cum  curtelag'  et  gard'  et  duobus  croft'  adiacen' 
p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .030 

Duo  dans'  terr'  arabil'  vocat'  Gelly  vawr  et  G^y  Yaghan  p'  est'       200 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  Heene  Akir  p'  est'  .  .100 

Aliu'  dans'  vocat'  Eay  Mawr  p'  est'   .  .  .120 

Un'  al'  daus'  voeat'  Akre  buggog  p'  est'  .030 

lzTJ<.  vi^jd.      620 
Bedd'  iijs.  Yjd,,  4  y.  in  being.    No  copie  before  the  lease. — Eenri- 
cus  Dauid  tenet  vnum  oottagiu'  in  oocupao'one  Johannis  Hugh 
gard'  et  curtdag'  p'  est'    .  .  .  .  .      o    o  9 

Unum  dans'  vocat'  Eay  Wilkin  y  legan  p'  est'  .300 

Bedd'  uja,  iiigd.    No  lease  showed  for  this. — Unam  p'cellam  ten' 

voc'  Eay  yr  Toola  et  al'  Wirglodd  ll'en  Ey  p'  est'       .  .220 

Bedd'  xv]\jf .  zd. — Idem  Eenrick  ap  Dauid  tenet  vnu'  tenementum 
pomariu'  gard'  cum  duob'  croft'  adiaoen'  vocat'  y  ddwy  Tyrty 
pen  y  lye  p'  estimaf  .  .  .30° 

I  y.  in  being.— Un'  dans'  vocat'  Bryn  y  sohole  hage  p'  est'  4   0  0 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  Wirglodd  hyre  p'  est'  .  .      i    0   0 

Una'  al'  prat'  vocat'  Bryn  Eay  Wilkin  y  ty  gan  p'  estimaf  o    i   0 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Eay  Wilkin  legan  p'  esf        .  .220 

yjK.    13    3  ° 

^  Edward  ab  John  ab  David  Goch  of  Gaerddin^  lineally  descended  from 
Cadwgan  Frych,  alias  T  Brych,  of  Gaerddin,  second  son  of  Cadwgan  Goch  ab 
T  Gwion  ab  Hwfa  ab  Ithel  Pelyn,  lord  of  lal.  SahU,  on  a  chevron  inter 
three  goats'  heads  erased  or,  three  trefoils  of  the  field.  (Cae  Cyriog  MS.) 
See  pedigree. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  Cclxxxix 

A*      As       tTm 

Buabon,  £edd*  iijs.  ext\ — Dorathea  Ellice  vn*  tenet  in  fabroru' 
vnum  clansiim  p'  est'         .  .  .  .010 

Bedd'  iijs.  ii}jd.  ezb\ — Kenricus  Dauid  tenet  vn'  clausum  voc'  Kay 
tuUey  p'  est'        ...... 

In  prato  suo  vocat'  Wirglodd  liyre  parcell'  prati  voc*  Wirglodd 
Ijrky  p'  est*  ...... 

xxig*. 
2  y.  in  being.  Bedd'  ixs.  Tjd. — Edwardns  Hope  tenet  vnum  cotta- 

gin'  gard'  et  croft'  adiacen'  per  estimat' 
Un'  clans'  adiacen'  vocat'  y  Wirglodd  p'  est' 
Daas  clans'  vocat'  Bheog  per  estimat' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  tyre  y  pawno  p'  est' 
Aliu'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Akre  hire  p'  est' 

Kedd'  vs.  vjd.  ob. — Danid  ap  Owen  tenet  vnn'  tenementum  gard' 
cnrtelag'  et  croft'  p'  est'    ..... 
Duas  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Bedwyn  p'  est' 
Bedd'  yd. — Aliam  clansnr'  vocat'  Kay  verwyn  p*  est'     . 
TTnam  parceUam  vasti  vocat'  place  Grono  p'  estimac'o'em 

Ix^tf.  viijd. 
29  y.  in  being. — Hugo  Bates  tenet  vnnm  tenementum  gard'  pomo.- 

rium  et  cnrtelag'  p'  eatimat'  .... 

Unnm  clans'  pastur*  et  arabil'  vocat'  Cameryog  nunc  diuis'  in 

quinq'  clans'  p'  estimat'    ..... 
Duo  alia  clans'  ex  altra  parte  vice  vocat'  y  erwhir  p'  est' 
Bedd'  xx». — Un'  dans'  vocat'  Werglodd  Vaghan  p*  est* 
Un'  clans'  pastur'  stirilis  vocat'  Kay  Whisky  p'  est' 
Aliam  dans'  ex  austral'  parte  vice  vocat'  Hudley  Hurste  p'  est'  . 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  Werglodd  veth  y  ty  p'  est' 

vijK.  1 7  o 
This  should  bee  20  acres,  besides  wherof  Edward  ap  William 
Infans  proxime  redtat  tenet  vnn'  clausn'  ib'm  vocat'  Kay 
biohan  cent'  2  acr'  dimid',  so  there  wanteth  6  acres,  i  rood, 
and  paies  28.  6d.  of  the  rent  of  23«.  6d.;  so  Hngh  Bates  is 
to  pay  I  IS.,  yet  sett  downe  but  20s. 

Bedd'  ij8,  jd. — Edwardns  ap  William  infans  tenet  vnu'  cotag'  et 
duo  croft'  nunc  nuper  in  vno  vocat'  Kay  I'enn  dauid  ap  Hylyn 
per  estimat'  .  .  .  .320 

Bedd'  i^a.  vjd. — Un'  claus'  p'quisit'  de  Hugone  Bate  vocat'  Kay 
Bichan  p'  est'      .  .  .  .  .220 

lvj«.      600 
Bedd'  xjs.  ixci. — Emanuel  Jones  tenet  vnn'  pomar'  et  clans'  adia- 
cen' ii^xta  tenementu'  s'  lib'm  cum  clauso  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay 
Maddock  p'  estimat'  .  .  .  .230 

Un*  claus'  nunc  diuis'  in  duo  vocat'  Kay  in  Kill  p'  estimac'o'em  .      320 

Ixa.      610 
2  m 


2 

2 

0 

0 

0 

16 

2 

3 

16 

0 

I 

0 

I 

0 

0 

2 

0 

0 

I 

0 

0 

I 

2 

0 

5 

3 

0 

I 

0 

0 

3 

2 

0 

2 

2 

0 

0 

I 

0 

7 

I 

0 

0 

I 

6 

6 

2 

0 

3 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

3 

2 

0 

2 

2 

0 

0 

2 

0 

ccxc 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Dinnnlle.  23  y.  in  being. — Cornelias  Manley  generoa'  tenet  dnas 

olausur'  terr'  vocat'  y  BheoU  p'  est* 
Un*  dans'  vocat*  Kay  glas'  p'  estimat' 

Un*  clans'  vooat'  yr  Kay  vower  dinis'  in  tria  da'  p'  estimac'o'eoi 
Bedd'  zvigs.  ext\ — Un'  dans'  qnondam  nnnc  dinis'  in  sex  partes 

vocat'  Nant  y  Therrell  p'  estimac'o'em 
Tin'  dans'  vocat'  yr  Erw  continen'  p'  estimat'  vt  dinidit  in  qnatnor 

dans'  et  qnatnor  cottag'  p'  est'        .... 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  yr  Werglodd  bicban  p'  estimat' 

vj6i.  xi\}<.  li^a. 
Fabrom'  de  maner  de  Iscoyde  ext'.    Bedd'  xs,  ext'. — Beuis  Thel- 

wall  Armiger  tenet  vnum  tenementn'  in  fabroru'  pertinen'  ma- 

nerio  de  Escoyd  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  dans'  terr'  arrabil'  vocat'  Trowsdire  per  estimac'o'em 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  tyre  Dick  p'  estimat' 
Dno  clans'  pastnr'  vocat'  Bryn  y  Dicns  p'  estimac'o'em 

liytt.  x< 
Kedd'  mj8.  xd.  ext'.    Buabon. — ^Bogerns  ap  Danid  ap  ll'en  tenet 

vnn'  tenementa'  gardinn'  cnrtelag'  et  canabnmi  perqnisit'  de 

Martino  Bromfield  p'  est' 
Un'  clans'  iuxta  tenement'  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  terr'  arabil'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  al'  croft'  p'  estimac'o'em 
2  y.  in  being. — Un'  prat'  adiacen*  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  parvnm  croft'  p'  estimat' 
Aliu'  dans'  terr*  arrabil'  adiacen'  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  crofb'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Ixyj*.  viyd 
Bedd'  §. — Bicbardns  le'nn  tenet  vnn'  tenementn'  pom'  gardin 

dnob'  croft'  adiacen'  p'  estimat' 
Un'  clans'  terr'  vocat'  Tyre  y  Stanyll  p'  estimat' 
Un'  alind  clans'  vocat'  Tyre  y  Stanyll  p*  est'    . 
Un'  al'  clans'  terr*  arabil'  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  Standi  p'  estimac 
Unnm  prat'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  al'  clans'  iuxta  dom'  p'  estimat'   . 

CX8 

Bedd'  zx\j«.  viijd.    The  lease  expired  4  y.  since.— Edwardns  ap 

John  ap  Edward  tenet  vnum  tenementnm  harreum  pomar'  gard' 

et  curtelag'  et  vnu'  claus'  vocat'  Kay  yr  skibbo'  p'  estimac' 

Un'  clans'  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  y  perweth  per  estimac'o'em 

Alin'  clans'  vocat'  Glynn  cum  parva  pecia  prati  per  estim' 

Unnm  pratum  vocat'  superins  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  ddole  goz'  p'  est' 

Alin'  clans'  vocat'  ddole  hyre  p'  est'    . 

Unam  parcellam  vasti  vocat'  y  garthyrori  en'  sit  molendin'  p'  est' 

Unam  longam  peciam  subtns  dom'  vocat'  gard'  vano  p'  estimac' 

Unum  al'  ten'tnm  cum  horreo  in  clans'  vocat'  Kay  bichan  Kay 

Allyn  et  Wirglodd  vchan  p'  estimac'o'em 


A.  R.  p. 

120 

130 
320 

600 

300 
020 

16    I    0 


o    I    0 

330 
220 

520 
10    o  0 


o 
I 
I 
o 
I 
o 
I 
o 


2 

o 
6 
I 
I 
I 


2 

4 

2 

I 

4 
I 

I 

I 


I 
o 
o 

3 
o 

3 

2 


0 
0 
o 
0 
o 
o 

0 


O  20 


6    I  20 


3   0 

3   0 
2   0 

o   0 

o   0 

320 


12    3 


o 
o 
o 

0 
0 

2 
2 
0 


20 


0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


0    0 


viyK.  x».     19    0   0 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


CCXCl 


Bedd'  ZY«.  Yiijd,,  i  7.  in  being. — Thomas  ap  Edward  tenet  vnnm 
measuag*  pomar'et  gard'cum  curtelag'  vocat'  Goedladd  per  est' 
Una*  clans'  vocat'  7  ddole  tan  7  Berthllan  per  estimac'o'em 
Aliud  clans'  vocat'  ddole  Heene  p'  est' 
Unum  prat'  vocat'  7  ddole  7  Wirglodd  p*  estimac'o'em 
Unnm  clant'  dinis'  in  duas  clansnr'  vocat' 7  ddole  Ea7  irgog  p'est' 
Un'  clans'  vocat'  Ea7  Helig  p'  estimat' 
Unam  parceUam  terr*  vocat'  7r  g^ardd'  l7k7  p'  estimac'o'em 
Redd'  zvjd. — Edms  Eton  tenet  vn'  clans'  vocat'  Akre  Mawre  ad 
volant'  p'  est*      .  .  .  .  . 


A.   B.  p. 


0  I 
2  O 
2  I 
2  O 
2  I 

1  O 
O  2 


O 
O 
O 
O 
O 
O 
O 


100 


CXS.      II      2      O 


Bichardns  ap  Bobert  nuper  Bandle  John  Thomas  tenet  vnnm 

pomaria'  et  gard'  et  duo  croft'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Unam  claus'  ad  finem  eiasdem  vocat'  Erwe  h7re  p'  estimac'o'em 
Alia'  claas'  adiacen'  vocat'  Erw  gron  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  claas'  arrabil'  vocat'  7  Wayn  vcha  p'  estimac'o'em  . 
Bedd'  x«. — Al'  claas'  vocat'  Wa7n  Gannon  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  Weme  Maire  p'  est* 
Un'  claus'  vocat'  7  Weme  g7re  p'  est' 
Bedd'  y».  xd. — Un'  daaa'  vocat'  t7re  twn  7  Weme  p'  est' 
Un'  dans'  vocat'  Wirglodd  New7dd  per  estimac'o'em 
Un'  prat'  vocat'  Qwerglodd  vrth  7  Capell  per  estimac'o'em 
Bedd'  iij«.  ijd. — Un'  clans'  vocat'  Ea7  banno  et  Ea7  Egell7  nunc 
in  duobus  p'  estimat'         ..... 


cz«.     13     I 
Nicholas  Fortescue  miles.    Vide  fo.  108. 

S'm'  Bedd'  §  xxjjli,  zviijf.  ijd. 


I 

2 

0 

I 

I 

0 

I 

2 

0 

I 

2 

0 

I 

2 

0 

0 

2 

0 

I 

2 

0 

I 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

0 

I 

0 

2 

0 

0 

COM'  DENBIGH.— MANEEIU'  DE  ABIMBERY. 

{Harl.  3696.  fo.  246.) 

NOMINA  JUBATOBU'. 

Bogeras  Jones  genero'  Edwardus  ap  Boge' 

Humphridus  ap  Bobt.  W7n  Bogerus  Gr.  Thomas 

Joh'es  Bobert  ap  Ellis  Bogeras  ap  John 

Thomas  D7mock  Will'us  ap  Edward 

Bobertas  ap  Bobt.  Owinns  ap  Edward. 
Bic'us  ap  Will'm 

The  Answere  of  the  said  Jarie  to  the  seuerall  Articles  given  them  in 
Charge : 
To  the  first  article.  The  towneshipp  of  Abimber7,  whereof  this  manno' 
taketh  name,  is  bounded  on  76  south  with  70  rive'  Cl7medock  runninge  east- 
ward, and  in  7e  north  with  one  little  spring  called  Abere  Gwin7on,  running 
eastward  likewise  to  70  rive'  ClTwedook  on  the  north  part,  with  certaine 
landes  belonging  to  70  manno'  of  Isco7d,  and  on  7e  south  with  certaine 
landes  belonging  to  7e  right  honorable  the  Earle  of  Derbie.    Item  there 


CCXCll  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

belongeth  to  ye  said  mano'  as  paries,  parcells,  and  members  thereof  oiifl 
close  of  land  called  Cae  Bbys,  lying  in  Abymberye  vecban ;  and  one  close, 
called  beyn  y  bee,  in  Acton ;  and  divers  tenementes  and  parceUs  of  landfiB 
in  ye  seyerall  townesbipps  of  Morton  Anglioorue,  Cacadatton,  Bidley.  £zleB- 
ham,  Marwbiell,  Ertbig,  Esclusbam,  Morton  Walliccnra,  Sonlley,  Azbistoek, 
Buyabon,  Eton,  Dynnle,  and  Abymbury  Cechan,  as  appearetb  by  ye  seTenU 
names  of  tbe  freeholders  and  tennaunte  w*o'  are  reputed  and  taken  as  ptitSB 
and  parcell  of  tbe  said  manno'. 

To  tbe  second  article  tbey  say  that  tbey  baye  no  demeasnes  in  tbe  manno*. 

To  tbe  tbird  article  tbey  say  tbat  ye  names  of  all  ye  freeholders,  and  wh&fe 
everie  of  them  doth  holde,  and  their  rents,  are  particularlie  laide  downe; 
and  as  for  fee  farmes,  they  knowe  of  none  in  yt  manno'. 

To  the  fowrth  and  fifth  tbey  say  that  ye  customarie  tennants  of  tliii 
manno'  are  ye  Prince  his  Highnes  tennants  by  leases,  and  doe  holde  the 
messuages,  landes,  and  tenementes,  upon  y*eir  seyerall  names  sett  downe, 
and  doe  respectivelio  pay  for  ye  same  the  seyerall  rents  ypon  their  names 
appearing  by  their  leases,  for  forty  yeares,  and  so  from  40 to  40  forever;  and 
do  pay  two  yeares  rent  for  a  fyne  vppon  ye  taking  of  theire  leases,  according 
to  ye  composition  made  between  ye  late  Queene  Eliz.  of  famous  memorie 
and  ye  tennants  of  Bromfield  and  Yale  in  the  fowrth  yeare  of  her  late  most 
happie  reigne ;  theffect  of  w*ch  composition  is  sett  downe  in  ye  p'sentm'ts 
of  Burton,  Buyabon,  and  others,  wherevnto,  for  more  certainty,  this  Jxaj 
doe  referre  themselves.  And  this  Jury  do  not  knowe  of  any  thing  paid  or 
due  to  bee  paid  by  any  of  ye  said  tennants  ypon  the  marriage  of  their 
daughters. 

To  the  6th  article  they  say  that  (the  Eing^  bighwaies  excepted)  there  is 
no  waste  or  commons  within  ye  said  manno',  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  seaventh  article  they  say  that  there  is  no  great  quantitie  of  wood 
in  that  manno',  and  that  Boge'  Griffith  Thomas  and  Boge'  ap  John  did  CsU 
some  to  repare  ye  bighwaies. 

To  the  eighth  article  they  say  that  there  is  no  parke  or  warren  w'thin  this 
manno'. 

To  the  9th  they  say  as  to  ye  sizt,  that  they  have  no  oo'mozLs  or  waste 
w'thin  this  manno',  and  no  incrochments. 

To  the  tenth  tbey  say  that  the  landes  held  from  40  yeares  to  4otie  yeares 
in  the  holding  of  theis  tennaunts  are  ye  customarie  landes  of  this  manno', 
and  that  there  is  one  parcell  of  land  called  by  ye  name  of  Cae  Edneuet,  nove 
devised  into  two  parcells,  conteyning  by  estimac'on  six  acres,  in  tbe  towne- 
shipp  of  Sonlley,  nowe  in  ye  occupac'on  of  Hugh  Uoyd  as  escheat,  and  that 
one  Bobert  Powell  clay meth  ye  same ;  and  one  parcell  of  land  called  Kae  ft 
meibion,  conteyning  by  estimac'on  one  acre,  sometyme  the  land  of  GriiBth 
ap  Jenkin  Moreton ;  and,  as  this  Jurie  is  informed,  is  in  the  handes  of 
Bichard  Leighton,  Esq.,  held  at  will. 

To  the  eleaventh  they  say  that  there  are  no  mynes  of  coale,  leads,  or 
chalke ;  but  for  quarries  of  stone  and  marie,  some  small  quantities  there  is 
ypon  ye  freeholde,  w'ch  the  freeholders  hold  the  benefitt,  whereof  they  doe 
not  knowe. 

To  the  12  and  13th  they  say  tbat  they  doe  not  knowe  yt  any  freeholde' 
died  without  heire  generaU  or  speciall,  and  that  there  is  not  any  towne  cor- 
porate, burrough  towne,  or  other,  within  ye  said  manno'. 

To  the  14  and  15th  they  say  that  tbey  knowe  not  of  any  suche  exchannges 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXCiii 

or  vnlawfoll  inserting  of  landes  into  leases  ae  are  demaunded  in  that  article, 
and  yt  the  Prinoe  hath  no  customary  mill  or  other  in  this  manno*. 

To  the  i6fch  they  say  as  to  ye  6th  and  9th,  that  they  have  no  commons  or 
wast  at  all,  nor  peate  or  turfe. 

To  the  1 7th,  that  the  freeholders  and  tennants  of  this  manned  beeing  a 
member  of  the  lordshipp  of  Bromfield,  doe  serve  at  ye  leete  and  lawe  daies 
of  the  said  lordshipp,  as  they  are  bonnd  to  doe,  and  that  they  pay  no  fines 
of  head-silver  or  king's  silver ;  and  yt  they  pay  all  fynes  of  alienac'ons, 
amerciaments  of  courtes  mizes,  and  all  other  payments,  for  their  rate  and 
portions,  as  other  ye  tennants  and  freeholders  of  that  lordshipp  doe,  when 
and  as  often  as  ye  same  are  due. 

To  the  1 8th  they  say  that  there  is  no  copiholde  tenement  in  decay  within 
this  manno',  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  19th  they  say  that  they  knowe  not  whether  ye  casualties  menc*oned 
in  this  article  bee  due  to  ye  Prinoe  or  to  ye  Kings  most  excellent  Ma'tie. 

To  the  20th  they  say  that  there  belongeth  to  this  manno'  ye  fishinge  of 
the  whole  water  of  Dee,  and  that  Jerrard  Eton,  Esq.,  payeth  therefore  yearlie 
to  the  Prince  xxs.  And  as  for  fowling,  they  doe  not  knowe  anie  thing  at  all, 
nor  anie  great  proffit  had  thereby. 

To  the  21,  22,  and  23th,  they  say  they  have  no  m'ketts  or  faires  w'thin  any 
towneshipp  in  this  manno';  and  that  they  knowe  not  of  any  rents  or  land 
concealed  or  witheld  in  this  mano',  nor  of  any  reprises  or  payments  going 
out  of  ye  same. 

To  the  24th  they  say  that  there  are  yearlie  made  at  ye  Leete  after  Michael- 
mas, by  the  Jorie  of  Eglussegle,  Boyabon,  and  Abymbory,  theis  officers, 
viz.,  pettie  constables,  w'ch  doe  serve  for  ye  yeare  following  w'thin  ye  seve- 
rall  towneshipps  of  ye  manno';  and  yt  the  chief  steward,  as  this  Jorie  hath 
crediblie  heard,  is  the  light  honorable  ye  Earle  of  Bridgewater ;  and  yt  John 
Jeffreyes,  Esq.,  John  Dauies,  and  Thomas  Foster,  gent.,  are  his  deputies ; 
and  yt  Thomas  Trafford,  Esq.,  is  receavo'.  But  what  fees  they  or  either  of 
them  have  this  Jurie  knoweth  not. 

To  the  25th  article  they  say  there  are  no  benefices  or  advowsons  in  this 
manno*. 

To  the  26th  they  say  that  as  farre  as  they  can  leame  and  finde  oat,  the 
olde  and  accustomed  acr^used  in  theise  partes  and  in  ye  most  of  ye  countries 
next  adioyning  conteyn  160  perches  in  everie  acre,  and  yt  everie  of  the  said 
perches  conteyned  24  foote  to  the  perch  or  pole. 


MANERIU^  DE  ABIMBERY. — LIBERI  TENENTES. 

▲.  R.  P. 

In  villis  de  Senile  marwhealee  Frithig  Esdusham  et  Moreton 
Wallicoru'.  Eedd'xjx. vjd.  ext'. — Kobertus  Sonlley  senior  Armige' * 
tenet  vn' capital'  messuagiu'  sive  tenementu'  voc'  Place  Sonlley 
et  on'ia  structur'  gard'  pomar'  &c.  et  vigint'  et  tres  terr'  prat' 
pastar'  bosc'  et  subbosc'  eidem  messuag'  p'tinen'  viz. :  un'  claus' 

^  Robert  Sonlley  of  Sonlli,  Barton  Hall  in  Gresford,  and  Plas  Uohaf  in 
Cristionydd,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  ioble,  armed  and  langued  gules. 
See  pedigree. 


CCXCIV  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.   LP. 


▼ocat'  great  woode  and  coppice  un'  dans'  vocat*  Kae  yollin  cnm 
cottag*  et  gard'  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Q-wirglodd  Kae  yollin  m'  clans' 
Yocat'  Coed  gwem  Adda  nn'  clans'  vocat'  pant  y  berllan  nn' 
clans'  Yocat'  pins  mab  hova  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  U'm  ap  ler 
nn'  clans'  vocat'  Coed  Morgan  nn'  clans'  yocat'  Kae  Eden  Tal- 
uir  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Croft  Wilest  nn'  clans'  vocat'  y  berllan  New- 
ydd  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  bichan  nn'  dans'  vocat'  Kae  yr  vallen 
nn'  clans'  vocat'  tir  y  swch  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  yr  Kul  nn' 
clans'  vocat'  y  Wairglodd  nn'  dans'  vocat'  Erow  y  cooksint  nn' 
clans'  vocat'  Kae  yr  Kin  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  y  Uwyn  nn'  dans' 
vocat'  Keen  Bhiddallt  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  do  2  p'cell'  vocat' 
plas  y  dvn  nn'  clans'  vocat'  bryn  mab  y  saer  modi  mes'  snp' 
edific'  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  160   o  0 

£edd'. — Idem  tenet  nn'  al'  mes'  &  dnas  p'cell'  terr'  eidem  p'tine' 
nnnc  in  tennra  sive  occnpac'o'e  Bandnl'  ap  le'nn  p'  est' 

Bedd'  zxxyja.  yjd.  ext'.  The  whole  rente  shonld  bee  cyjs.  vi\jd , 
whereof  Mr.  Senile  payee  as  before  expressed ;  the  reste  is  payd 
by  Edw.  Pnleston,  zzx«. ;  Tho.  Goldsmyth,  zzix«. ;  Jo.  Dames, 
•X9. ;  and  Hngh  ap  Will'm,  zd.  in  toto. — Idem  tenet  tres  mes- 
suag'  sive  tenementa  et  vn'  cotaginm  in  seperal'  tennr'  sive 
occupat'  Boberti  Joh'es  Johannis  Bandle  dd'  ap  Boge'  et  Belict' 
Bob'ti  ap  Hoell  et  divers'  p'cell'  terr'  eidem  tenement'  spectan' 
Acetiam  sex  clans'  terr'  et  prat'  nnnc  in  tennra  d'c'i  Boberti 
Sonlley  ar'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .    30   0  0 

Bedd'  zzizj.  iiijd.  ext',  wjd.  is  added. — Thomas  €k>ldsmith  gene> 
ros'  tenet  o'ia  il'  septem  clans'  terr'  prat'  et  pastor*  nnp'  per- 
qiusit'  Bob'ti  Sonlley  Ar'viz.:  nn' clans'  vocat'  Bidley  vawr 
nn'  dans'  vocat'  Bidley  menith  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Bidley  bant 
vechan  nn'  dans'  vocat'  y  werglodd  le  eight  acres  in  seperal' 
p'cell'  nn'  dans'  voc'  y  arwynos  p'  est'  in  toto  .  .    70   0  0 

Bedd'xf.  ezt'. — Johannes  Danies  generos'  tenet  tres  mess'et  om'ia 
structnr' eidem  messnag'  spectan' et  p'cell'  terr*  vocat'  p'  nomina 
de  Kae  bichan  et  duodecem  clans'  vocat'  Kay  cochion  nnp'  per- 
qnisit'  Bob'ti  Sonlley  Ar*  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em     .  .    20    o  0 

Bedd'  zd.  ezt'. — Hngo  ap  Will'm  tenet  vn'  dans'  mnp'  perqnisit' 
Bob'ti  Sonlley  Ar'  vocat'  yr  Erw  cent'  p'  estimat'        .  .200 

Bedd'  zzv^«.  vd.  ob.  ezt'.  The  old  rent  was  zxzj«.  ob.,  whereof  Cor- 
nelins  Manley  payes  zvjd. ;  Edw.  Puleston,  \j«.;  Tho.  Hope,  \jd. ; 
Bob.  Elice,  jd. — Bogerus  Jones  generos'^  tenet  vn'  capital' mess' 
vocat'  llwyn  Onn  et  om'ia  structnr'  gard'  pomar'  cum  pertinen- 
ciis  et  19  daus'  sive  parcell'  terr'  arr'  prat'  pastur*  bosc'  et  sub- 
boso'  eidem  messnag'  spectan'  in  villa  de  Abimbury  vocat'  p' 
no'i'a  de  Bryn  y  bellan  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Gwerglodd  vadock  un' 

1  Boger  Jones  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Jones  of  Llwyn  On,  Esq.,  ftii<^ 
Dorothy  his  wife,  daughter  of  Edward  Puleston  of  Trefalun,  and  Margaret 
his  wife,  daughter  and  coheiress  of  John  Almor  of  Almor,  Esq.  He  married 
Margaret,  daughter  and  heiress  of  John  Jones  of  Bidley,  second  son  of  Bobert 
Jones  of  Llwyn  On,  Esq.,  and  Margaret  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  Boger 
Puleston  of  Emral,  Knt.    Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  tcible. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXCV 

A.   R.   p. 

claus*  vocaV  Orofb  Ellen  an'  daus'  vocat'  y  ddol  an*  clans'  vocat' 
y  Werglodd  vawr  an*  clans'  vocat*  y  Coppi  an'  claus'  vocat'  Kae 
y  glo  et  bosc'  p't'  parcell'  vocat'  y  Frith  an'  claas'  vocat'  hen 
vryn  an'  claus'  vocat'  bryn  y  Fynnon  an'  claas'  vocat'  tir  doon 
vcha  an'  claas'  vocat'  tir  doon  yssa  an'  clans'  vocat'  Bradleg 
vawr  nnnc  in  tree  p'cell'  an'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  coch  nn'  claus' 
vocat'  y  Koed  duo  parcell'  in  Campo  voc'  tir  y  pant  an'  pai-cell' 
in  Campo  vocat'  bryn  Einon'  goch  .  .  .  141    o    o 

Idem  tenet  ib'm  an'  al'  tenementa'  gard'  et  pomar'  et  sex  parcell' 
terr'  in  tennra  sive  occapao'o'ne  Rogeri  Griffith  an'  claas'  vocat' 
Kae  Messa  yr  ty  an'  dans'  vocat'  Cae  vcha  vn'  claas'  vocat'  yr 
Er«r  valch  an'  claus'  vocat'  y  sovyl  gwenith  an'  claas'  vocat'  y 
ddol  vawr  an'  claas'  vocat'  y  ddol  vechan  et  an'  parcell'  vocat' 
y  singrig  et  vn'  pomarin'  in  tennra  Hngoni  ap  Dauid 

Idem  tenet  ib'm  vn'al'  tenementa' nunc  in  tonnra  sive  occapac'one 
Edwardi  ap  John  Kobt'  et  vn'  p'cell'  terr'  vocat'  Kae  Hick 

Et  vna'  tenementa'  cam  Dom'  horr*  gardia'  &o,  nunc  in  tenura 

Will'mi  Daaid  et  vn'  clana' vocat'  Erw  Bantery  nunc  in  duo  cont' 

p'  estimat'  in  toto  .....  140    o    o 

Memorand'. — The  anncient  rent  of  the  aforesaid  tenementes 

and  landes  was  31s.  ob.,  viz.,  Boger  Jones,  gent.,  27s.  vd.  ob.; 

Cornelias  Manley,  i6d. ;  Thomas  Hope,  \jd.;  John  Bobt.  ap 

Ellis,  id. ;  and  Edward  Puleston,  28. 

Bedd'xii\js.  ijd.  ext'. — Edwardus  Parry  generos'  tenet  vn'  mess'  et 
om'ia  strnctar'  eidem  pertinen'  pomar'  gardiu'  &c.  et  andecem 
claus' terr*  arabil'  prat'  pastar'  bosc'  et  sabbosc'  in  villa  de  Abim- 
buiy  vocat'  p'  seperal'  nomina  de  vizt.  an'  claus'  vocat'  Bryn  y 
velin  an'  dans'  vocat'  y  ddol  an'  daus'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  an' 
daus'  vocat'  Kae  yr  Koed  an'  claus'  vocat'  Bradley  vath  nuao 
in  duo  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Tum  path  an'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  marie 
un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Koed  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  ky  vie  neasa  yr  Koed 
an'  daus'  vocat'  y  Kyvie  nessa  yr  Uwyn  oni  un'  clans'  vocat'  y 
Ky  vie  bichan  p'  estim'  in  toto  .  .  .    40    o    o 

Bedd'  ijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnu'  parva'  parcell'  bosc'  nap'  perqui- 
sit'  Boberti  Wyn  ap  Will'm  et  nup'  terr'  Boberti  ap  Dauid  ap 
Griffith  ap  Bobert  in  vill'  de  Abimbery  p'  est'  .  .    di.  acr' 

Bedd'  rgs.  Qd.  ext',  Eyton. — Edwardus  ap  John  tenet  vnu'  tene- 
menta' et  om'ia  structur'  pomar'  gardin'  et  quinq'  claus'  sive 
parceU'  terr*  cum  pertinen'  in  villa  de  Eton  vocat'  per  nomina 
sequen'  viz.  an'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  Morgan  vcha  an'  claus'  vocat' 
Kae  Morgan  iasa  an'  daus'  vocat'  Tal  Ardd  an'  daus'  vocat' 
Kae  yollin  un'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  y  vallen  et  tertia'  partem  di' 
vocat'  Maes  yr  Hendre  cont'  p'  estimat'  in  toto  .800 

Bedd'i^«.  vi^jd. ob., and  for  the  landes  late  Jo.  Wynn  ap  D'd,  lu.; 
for  Boger  Jones,  id.  In  toto,  vs.  ixd.  ob.  ext'. — Bobertus  ap  Ellis 
et  Johannes  Bobt'  filius  eius  tenet  vnu'  messuagiu'  et  om'ia 
structur'  pomar'  gardiu'  eidem  spectan'  et  sexdecem  claus'  et 
parcella'  terr*  arrabU'  prat'  et  pastur'  cum  pertinen'  in  Villa  de 
Arbistock  vocat'  per  nom'a  sequen'  viz. :  an'  dans'  vocat'  y 
Cocksutt  un'  claus'  vocat'  tir  meriogg  nunc  in  duo  an'  clans' 
vocat'  tir  y  Cocksutt  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  gelly  itha  un'  claus' 


CCXCVl  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


B,    F. 


vocat'  7  gelly  g^avol  an'  claaa'  vooat'  y  Cockaetun  y  dioos  an' 
clans' vocat'  Cae  dd'  gam  nanc  in  daa  an'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  Evn 
Tcba  an'  clans'  vocat'  Erw  Evn  issa  an'  dans'  vocat'  y  Kae 
gwenith  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  do  nn'  olaas'  vocat'  y  ddwv  erw 
nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  detve  nn'  clans'  vooat'  gwerglodd  gwem 
inchlig  nn'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Acre  Tres  bntt'  in  palyskallog  novem 
butt'  iaoen'  in  Kae  ll'in  p'  estim'  .  .     40     o    o 

Bedd'  \js.  ext'. — Humphridns  ap  Jobn  tenet  vnn'  tenementn'  po- 
mar*  gardin'  et  sex  parcell'  sive  dans'  terr'  azT*  et  pastar*  in  villa 
de  Arbistock  vocat'  per  nomina  seqnen'  viz. :  Un'  clans'  vocat* 
y  ddol  un'  dans'  vocat'  y  gelly  nessa  yr  street  nn'  dans'  vocat' 
perllan  dicns  2  butt'  in  gelli  ganol  3  butt'  vn'  cutting  in  tir  y 
Cocksutt  8  butt'  plnr*  in  ty  y  Oocksntt  p'  estim'  .  -400 

Bedd'  i^«.  v\jd.  ext'. — Thomas  Jones  tenet  vnn'  messnagiu'  po- 
xnar*  gardiu'  &c.  et  quinq'  clans'  sive  parcel'  terre  arrabil'  boso' 
pastur'  et  prat'  in  Villa  de  Abimbnry  vocat'  p'  nomina  seqnen' 
viz. :  Un  clans'  vocat'  Kae  le'nn  gam  nn'  clans'  vocat'  place 
doyddgv  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  Caled  an'  claus'  vocat'  tri  Akre 
p'  estimat'  .  .  .      18     o    o 

Bedd'  ij$,  ext'. — Bichardns  Bushopp  (Cornelius  Manley)  de  St. 
Assaphe  tenet  vnn'  tenementn'  pomariu'  gardinu'  et  octo  clans' 
terr'  arrabil'  pastur'  et  prat'  cum  pertinenc'  in  Villa  de  Arbis- 
tock vocat'  per  no'i'a  seqnen'  viz. :  Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  stavell 
nn'  clans'  vocat'  y  werglodd  tan  y  ty  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  enion 
voel  un'  clans'  vocat'  gwerglodd  Kae  Einion  nn'  dans'  vocat' 
Kae  Kertwennwr  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  Uin'  issa  nn'  dans'  vocat' 
Kae  llin'  vcba  un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Koed  bichan  p'  est'  .     20     o    o 

Bedd'  jd.  ext\ — WiU'mns  Kenrick  et  Thomas  Mottershed  tenet 
duo  parcell'  terr'  arrabil'  et  prat'  in  Villa  de  Abimbnry  cent'  p' 
estimaV  .  .  •200 

Bedd'  iiy«.  xd.  ext'. — Bogerns  Griffith  generos'  tenet  nnnm  mee- 
Buagin'  pomar'  gard'  &c.  et  septem  daus'  sive  parceU'  terr'  arra- 
bil' prat'  et  pastur'  cum  pertinen'  in  Villa  de  Eta  vocat'  per 
nomina  seqnen':  Un'  clans'  vocat'  Brynshowe  nn'  clans'  vocat' 
erw  vith  y  Knlne  nn'  dans'  vocat'  y  vron'  nn'  dans'  vocat'  Erw 
hir  un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Weirglodd  tan  y  vron  nn'  dans'  vocat' 
Kae  boch  lod  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Maes  yr  Hendre  except'  divers' 
butt'  in  tennra  Edri  ap  John  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .     22     o    o 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext'. — Bobertus  ap  Bobert  tenet  vnn'  tenementn'  po- 
mar*  gpard'  &o.  et  diners'  parcell' terr'  arrabil' cu'  pertinen' ddem 
tenemento  spectan'  in  Villa  de  Abimbnry  vocat'  p'  nomi'a 
seqnen'  viz. :  Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  bryn  vcha  vthllaw  r  dawdd 
un'  dans'  vocat'  Kae  bryn  issa  is  lawe  yr  dawdd  •     15     o     o 

Bedd'  xijd.  ext'.— EUicius  Eton'  tenet  vnn'  cottagiu'  et  diners' 

^  Elis  Eyton  of  Erbistog  was  a  Doctor  of  Physic,  and  sold  his  lands  to 
Maurice  Matthews,  parson,  of  Erbistog.  He  was  the  eldest  son  (by  Aone 
his  wife,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Elis  ab  John  ab  David  of  Erbistog,  and 
widow  of  Thomas,  second  son  of  Boger  Jones  of  Llwyn  On,  Esq.)  of  John 
Eyton,  second  son  of  Boger  Eyton  of  Trefwy  or  of  Eyton  Uchaf  in  the  parish 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXCVii 

parcell'  terr*  arrabil'  in  Villa  de  Arbistock  vocat'  per  no'i'a  se- 
quen'  viz. :  Un'  clans^  vocat*  Skwthwr  gwedd  un'  parcell'  vocat' 
Erw  Skubor  quatuor  butfc*  in  Oust  y  wifan  duo  butt'  in  Akre 
fordd  2  butt'  in  Kae  mab  Seision  p'  estimat'  .  •      3    o    o 

Bedd'  u\jc(.  ext\ — Idem  tenet  ib'm  tertiam  partem  prati  vocata' 
Gk>lewbadd  et  tres  butt'  in  Kae  EuU  p'  estimaco'em  in  toto      .       i     o    o 

Bedd'  i\j(i.  ezt*. — Idem  tenet  ib'm  vn'  claus'  voc'  Kae  Madwien 
nn'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  pen  Uo  un'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  pokin  vcha 
un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  pokin  issa       .  .  .400 

Bedd'  vj«.  vijd.  ext'. — Cornelius  Manley  generos'  tenet  vnu'  capi- 
talem  messuagin'  et  diners'  tenementa  et  om'ia  structur'  pomar' 
gard'  eidem  spectan'  et  claus'  terr'  arrabil'  prat'  et  pastur'  cum 
pertinen'  in  Villa  de  Arbystock  vocat'  per  nom'ia  sequen':  Un' 
daus'  vocat'  Bo  un'  claus'  vocat'  price  yssa  un'  claus'  vocat'  y 
birth  lloydion  vcha  duodecem  butt'  in  Campo  vocat'  acre  y  fordd 
nn'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  yr  skibor  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Wairglodd 
un'  claus'  vocat'  y  brin  biohan         .  .  .  .    30    o    o 

Bedd'  xvyd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vn'al'  cotagin'  et  dua'  parcell'  terr' 
eidem  spectan'  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  ddol  et  duas  parvas  parcellas 
terre  p'  estimac'o'em. 

Idem  tenet  un'  al'  ten'tu'  in  occupac'  John  Gr.  cum  brib'  p'cell' 
terr'  eidem  spectan'  p'  estimat'. 

Idem  tenet  vn'  al'  tent'  in  occupac'  Margaret  ux'  dd'  cum  vn'  le 
yorde  et  vna'  p'cell'  terr*  vocat'  groat  William  eidem  spectan' 
et  vn*  claus'  vocat'  Kae  yr  Towr. 

Idem  tenet  divers'  al'  parcellas  terre  nup'  perquisit'  Bogeri  Johnes 
generos'  vocat'  p'  no'i'a  sequen'  viz. :  Un'  claus'  vocat'  bryn  y 
Fynnon  un'  claus'  vocat'  Croft  Will'm  Wair  un'  daus'  vocat' 
Croft  Will'm  issa  un'  clans'  vocat'  tyfyn  Dreiniog  4  butt'  in  acre 
y  fordd  un'  parcdl'  in  perth  lloydion  2  parcell'  in  Kae  dauid  2 
parcell'  in  tir  yr  helig  un'  parcell'  vocat'  y  Boe  un'  claus'  vocat' 
skowen  tres  parcellas  in  Maes  yllnn  un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  ll'm 
nn'  claus'  vocat'  bryn  y  mehig  2  butt'  adiacen'  bryn  y  mehig  un' 
daus'  vocat'  gwem'  y  gasseg  un'  claus'  vocat'  skwthwrgam  un' 
parcell'  in  Campo  vocat'  yr  hirdir  2  parcell'  in  Kae  yr  Skubo' 
nn'  daus*  vocat'  Erw  skubo'  in  toto  p'  est'    .  .  .    20    o    o 

Bedd'  vs.  xjd.  ob.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  nn'  al'  tenementu'  pomai*' 
gard'  &o.  et  claus'  terr'  arrabil'  et  pastur'  in  Arbystock  vocat' 
per  nom'i'a  sequen'  viz. :  Un'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  Wellt  un'  claus' 
vocat'  y  Wierglodd  hir  nn'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  yr  KiU  4  butt'  in 
Maes  y  skawen  un'  claus'  vocat'  Errow  yr  garreg  nn'  parcell'  in 
tir  y  ddermyn  tres  parcell'  in  Kay  y  p'son  duas  parcell'  in  Maes 
y  llaun  vcha  una'  parcell'  in  Maes  y  llaun  issa  duas  parcellas 
vocat*  y  ddol  Fa  nn'  parcell'  vocat'  y r  wyth  quiscoed  nn'  parcell' 


of  Bangor  is  y  Coed,  descended  from  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Ermine,  a  lion 
rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules.  Boger  Eyton  of  Trefwy  or  Eytou 
Uchaf  (the  eldest  son  of  the  above  named  Boger  Eyton),  who  was  living  in 
A.D.  1587,  sold  the  ancient  mansion  of  Eyton  Uchaf  to  one  William  Basnett, 
and  the  place  is  now  called  Plas  Basnett.    (Cae  Cyriog  MS.    See  pedigree.) 

2n 


CCXCViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A.    &.   P. 

in  clauBO  vocat'  y  pxiss  un*  paroell*  in  Oampo  de  Ellis  i^  John 

ap  Dauid  .  .  .  .  .     1 1     o    o 

Bedd'zzzj«.  ^'d.ob.  ezt\ — Georgins  (John)  Salisbniy  generos'  tenet 
una'  messuagia'  et  om*ia  stractar'  eidem  speotan'  cu'  sex  par- 
cellis  terre  arrabil*  et  pastur'  in  Arblstock  Focat'  p'  nomina  se- 
quent viz. :  Un'  claua'  vocat'  yr  Erw  hir  an'  clans'  vocat'  Kae 
potkin  on'  dans'  vocat'  y  panyle  un'  claas'  vocat'  Kae  grano 
vichan  an'  daus'  vocat'  y'  panyle  bir  an'  dans'  vocat'  y  panyle 
Coyd  un'  daus'  vocat'  nant  yr  huidd'. 

Idem  tenet  un'  al'  tenementu'  in  occupac'one  Tho'e  ap  William 
cam  paroell'  terr'  viz. :  Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  bichan  an'  dans' 
vccat'  yr  Ardd  un'  parcell'  in  Acre  y  fordd. 

Idem  tenet  vn'  ten'tu'  in  Acre  Morgan  ap  Thomas  cam  daabns 
p'cell'  terr'  eide'  spectan'  vocat'  y  plasae. 

Idem  tenet  vn'  al'  tenementu'  nunc  in  occupac'o'e  Sob'ti  ap  Ellis 
Yaugban  et  un'  parcell'  terr'  vocat'  Kae  Marie  nunc  in  tribas 
parcellis  .  •     70     o    o 

Idem  tenet  vn'  al'  tenementu'  in  occupac'o'e  Homphridi  ap  £ioe 
et  duas  parcellas  terre  eidem  spectan'  vizt. :  Un'  daus'  vooat' 
yr  belt  un'  al'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Ardd. 

Idem  tenet  sex  dans'  sive  parcellas  terr'  in  Arbistock  vocat'  p' 
nomina  sequen'  viz. :  Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Werglodd  un'  dans' 
vocat'  yr  Acre  un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  Uwydd  un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae 
Marie  un'daus'  vocat'  Kae  Enion  badda  un'  clans'  vocat' yr  Erw 
yn  y  preece  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  in  toto 

Bedd'  ijs.  viijd.  ext'.  The  old  rent  was  iij«.  \jd.  Gabriell  Good- 
man payes  ii\jd.,  and  Edw.  Parry  ijd. — Humfridus  ^  fiobert  ap 
Will'm  ap  £ob't  ap  Dauid  ap  Griffith  ap  Bobert  generos'  tenet 
vnu'  messuagiu'  gard'  &c.  cum  novem  claus'  sive  parcellis  terr' 
arrabil'  prat'  et  pastur'  cu'  pertinen'  in  Vill*  de  Abimberie  vo- 
cat' p'  nomina  sequen'  vizt. :  Un  clans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  bont  un' 
claus'  vocat'  broad  ley  vechan  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  sovill  haidd 
al's  Kae  Cocksuit  un'  clans'  vocat'  y  wem'  vechan  un'  clans' 
vocat'  y  Wirglodd  an'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  bychan  un'  daus'  vocat' 
Kae  Mawr  nunc  in  tribus  p'cell'  continen'  in  toto  per  estimac'  50  o  o 
Memorand',  the  olde  rent  was  3s.  4d.,  whereof  Humphrey  ap 
Bobert  2«.  Sd„  Gabriell  Goodman  ^d.,  et  Edw.  Parry  2d. 

Bedd'  zijs.  ijd.  ext'. — Johannes  Saunders  generos'  tenet'  vn'  capi- 
tal' messuag*  vocat'  plas  issa  et  un'  struttur'  pomar'  gard'«  &c. 
eidem  pertinen'  et  viginti  et  tres  daus'  sive  parcellas  terr'  arra- 
bil' bosc'  prat'  et  pastnr'  cam  pertinen'  in  Villa  de  Abimbury  et 
un'  daus'  vocat'  bryn  bee  in  Villa  de  Acton  vocat'  p'  nomina 
sequen'  viz. :  Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  Drain  un'  claus'  vocat'  Kae 
gloyn  un'  dans'  vocat'  Kae  Kydivo'  un'  clans'  vocat'  Kae  gwer- 
glodd  Kae  Kydivo'  un'  claus'  vocat'  bryn  Eig^ion  Ooch  except' 
un'  parcell'  de  Boger  Johnes  generos'  un'  clans'  vocat'  y  wem 
un'  claus'  vocat'  Kae  yr  gwyrtheg  un'  daus'  vocat'  Kae  yr  pant 
un'  clans'  vocat'  tir  y  pant  except'  2  parcell'  de  Boger  Johnes 
generos'  un'  claus'  vocat'  yr  Hwlahir  al's  vawr  nn'  clans'  vooaf 
y  Kae  glas  un'  daus'  vocat'  pant  y  buarth  bychan  nn'  claas' 
vocat'  pant  y  buarth  mawr  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Kae  Ithin  bichan 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCXCix 

A.    B.  P 

le  path  per  fooltem  part'  de  Eae  Ithin  byohan  nn'  claus*  vocat' 
yr  Hwla  Teohan  nnnc  diuis'  in  duas  an'  dans'  vocat'  Eae  dicns 
nn'  clans'  vocat*  y  plas  coch  Gntta  nn'  clans'  vocat*  y  brin  Eyth- 
mog  nn'  clans'  vocat'  brin  pant  nn'  clans'  vooat'  y  gwerglodd 
bryn  Eithmog  nn'  clans'  vocat'  bryn  y  bee  in  Vill'  de  Acton      .    24    o    o 

Bedd'  iiijd.  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  vnn'  aV  tenementn'  gard'  &c.  et  tree 
p'cell'  terr'  eidem  spectan'  nnp'  Griffith  ap  Howell  defnnot'  et 
nnnc  in  tennra  Belict  Griffith  continen'  in  toto  p'  estimat' 

Bedd'  xviij«.  iiijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vn'  al'  messnag'  sive  tene- 
mentn' in  Abimbnry  in  occnpac'o'e  Bandle  William  et  om'ia  al' 
clans'  vocat'  p'  nomi'a  Maesidd  John  al'  le'nn  ap  Gruff*  Kay 
Morgan  et  gwerglodd  Kay  Morgan  nunc  in  diners'  p'cell'  p'  est'    24    o    o 

Bedd' i\js.  viijd. — Edwardus  Broughton  miles  tenet  vnu'  messnag' 
sive  tenementu'  in  Abimbnry  nunc  in  tenura  Hugoni  ap  D'd  et 
gwem'  baen  et  bryn  y  velyn  nnnc  in  diners'  parcell'  p'  estimac'    20    o    o 

Bedd'  lis. — Idem  tenet  vnn'  al'  tenementn'  in  Marchwiell  et  tres 
clans'  terr'  nunc  in  tennra  Eenrick  Pova  nnper  perquisit'  Geor- 
gii  Salisbury  Armiger  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .    25    o    o 

Bedd'  iij«.  iiijd.  ext'. — Bogems  Terry  cricns  tenet  vnn'  tenement' 
et  om'ia  structur'  gard'  &c.  cum  dans'  terr'  nup'  perquisit'  Ed'ri 
Pnleston  defunct'  nnper  terr'  Johannis  Saunders  generos'  vocat' 
p'  noi'a  seqnen'  viz  :  Eae  yr  mynach  nunc  in  tribus  parcell'  nn' 
dans'  vocat'  Eae  yr  Hoe  nnnc  in  tres  p'cell'  nn'  clans'  vocat' 
gwerglodd  Eae  yr  lioy  nn'  clans'  vocat'  y  ddol  continen'  p'  est'     58    o    o 

Bedd'  vs.  ii^d.  ext'. — Edwardus  Wright  generos'  tenet  inre  vxor' 
ooto  clans'  sive  parcell'  terr'  arrabil'  prat'  et  pastur'  in  Villa  de 
Abimbnry  vocat'  p  nomi'a  de  3  clans'  viz. :  Un'  clans'  vocat'  Eae 
mynath  nn'  dans'  vocat'  Cowe  pasture  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Eilne 
Croft'  et  pistrin'  sup'  edificat'  nn'  dans'  vocat'  Canlfe  croft  2 
prat'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .    16    o    o 

Bedd'  ii\J8.  iijd.  ext'.  The  old  rent  was  viijt.,  whereof  Bobert  ap 
Elice  iJ8.,  and  Hamfrie  ap  Jo.  i  is.  The  igd.  is  for  Jo.  Wynn  ap 
S'r  Mathew. — Johannes  Wynn  generos' tenet  vn'  capitalem  mes- 
snagin*  cum  tribus  aliis  tentis  &o.  pomar*  gard'  eidem  spectan' 
et  viginti  et  tres  clans'  sive  parcell'  terr'  arrabil'  prat'  et  pastur' 
cum  pertinenc'  vocat'  p'  nomi'a  seqnen'  viz. :  Un'  clans'  vocat' 
Eae  veth  y  ty  nn'  claus'  vocat'  y  pale  vcha  nn'  daus'  vocat'  y  pale 
issa  un'  clans'  vocat'  y  pale  y  scall  un'  dans'  vocat'  yr  belt  nn' 
dans'  vocat'  y  ddol  un'  claus'  vocat'  Eae  Einion  un'  daus'  vocat' 
Erwy  gegin  nn'  dans'  vocat'  Erw  dan  y  popty  nn'  dans'  vocat' 
bryn  y  meddig  nn'  daus'  vocat'  y  Nant  vawr  nn'  clans'  vocat' 
y  Nant  veohan  nn'  claus'  vocat'  y  weme  nn'  clans'  vocat'  Erwe 
vrth  y  velin  sex  butt'  et  1 1  head  butt'  in  borthlo  un'  parcell'  in 
Eay  yr  E!ill  un'  parcell'  in  Maes  y  blaun  2  parcdl'  in  Eae  Acre 
y  Fordd  nn'  parcell'  in  plasie  Mawr  et  nn'  parcell'  in  grost 
gwill'm  un'  clans'  vocat'  y  plas  bichan  un'  clans'  vocat'  y  pale 
Itha  un'  dans'  vocat'  y  pale  bychan  nn'  clans'  vocat'  y  pale 
gwydd  continen' in  toto  p' estimac'o'em        .  .  .    51    o    o 

Memorand',  the  old  rent  was  8«.,  viz.  by  John  Wynn  48.,  by 

Bobert  ap  Ellis  ii«.,  and  Humphrey  ap  John  2f. 
Idem  Johannes  tenet  duo  molend'  granat'  in  Arbistock  super 
Biuul'  de  Dee  p'  Bedd'  vt  supra  in  iiijs.  iijct. 


CCC  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    R.   F. 


John  JeiFreyeSy  eeq.,  is  charged  and  payee  this  rent. — Danidaa 
Eaton  generoe'  tenet  tree  p'cell'  terr*  in  Arbistook  nup'  perqiii- 
sit  de  Johanne  Decka  defunct'  vocat'  p'  nomina  de  Uetty  D*d 
viz. :  Unam  parcellam  in  Kae  yokin  nnam  parceUam  in  Helt 
Goediog  p*  eetimat'  .  .  .  .     1 1     o    o 

Jerard  Eton  is  charged  with  this  rent. — Idem  tenet  in  Arbistook 
un'  al'  p'cell'  in  Pavyle  nup'  perquisit'  de  Jacobo  Eyton  p'  est'         i     o    o 

Bedd'  zxxi\J8.  vd.  ob.  ext\ — Jerardus  Eyton  Armiger^  tenet  in 
Eyton  una'  capitalem  mesauagia'  cum  pertinen'  viz. :  Un'  dans' 
vocat'  y  nant  un'  dans'  vocat'  tir  Eae  yr  porthor  nn'  daus'  vocat' 
y  Wem'  vawr  un'  claus'  vocat'  le  gidrost  un'  prat'  vocat'  le  little 
meadowe  un'  clans'  vocat'  Eae  helig  mawr  un'  dans'  vooat'  Eae 
helig  bychan  un'  claus'  vocat'  Eae  yr  melrech  nn'  dans'  vooat' 
tir  maes  y  pentre  un'  claus'  vocat'  Eae  Coch  un'  dans'  vocat' 
Busgruyth  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  ddol  hir  un'  daus'  vocat'  y  ddol 
goch  un'  claus'  vocat'  y  ddol  vechan  un'  daus'  vocat'  doll  y  Cult 
un'  daus'  vocat*  doll  fwia  un'  daus'  vocat'  doll  issa  un'  daua^ 
vocat'  dol  vcha  un'  claus'  vocat'  dol  y  seallog  un'  claus'  vooat* 
bryn  Coch  un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae  bichan  un'  claus'  vocat'  Eae 
griffith  un'  claus'  vocat'  Eae  dio  un'  claus'  vocat'  Eae  Clomendn 
un'  tenement'  in  occupac'o'e  Edri  ap  dd'  un'  tenement'  in  occa- 
pac'o'e  Edri  Prince  un'  tenement'  in  occupac'o'e  Joh'is  Bandle 
un'  tenement'  in  occupac'o'e  Edri  Smith        .  .  .  loo    o    o 

Idem  tenet  in  Pentre  Eyton  un'  tenementum  cum  pertinen'  viz. : 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae  glas  un'  claus'  vocat'  Dol  Howdl  bamwr 
un'  claus'  quod  Margaret  vz'  Ellis  occupat'  un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae 
Bhig  cont'  in  toto  p'  estimac'o'em   .... 

Bedd' zi\js.  \jd.  ezt',  added  iidt. — Edwardus  Bromfield  generos' 
tenet  in  Eyton  unu'  messuagiu'  cum  pertlnenc'  et  sex  p'odlas 
terr'  viz.:  Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Eae  Nessa  ir  ty  un  pratnm  un' 
daus'  vocat'  Eae  yr  banadle  un'  daus'  vocat'  Eae  Canol  duo 
dans'  sup'  Bivul'  de  Dee  p'  est'       .  .  .    40    o    o 

Bedd'  \J5.  vd.  ezt'. — Bogerus  Ellis'  generos'  tenet  vn'  daus'  terr' 
in  Villa  Marthwiell  cont'  p'  estimat'  .  .  .400 


^  Gerard  Eyton  of  Eyton,  Esq.,  was  afterwards  made  a  knight  banneret  by 
Eing  Charles  I.  He  was  a  zealous  and  distinguished  Boyalist,  and  was  in 
arms  against  the  Commonwealth  in  the  Castle  of  Denbigh  when  it  surren- 
dered to  the  Parliamentary  forces.  He  compounded  for  his  property,  which 
was  sequestered.  (Boyalist  Composition  Papers.)  The  Eytons  of  £^on  are 
Uneally  descended  from  Elidyr,  lord  of  Eyton,  Erlisham,  Borasham,  Sat- 
ton,  and  Bhwytyn,  who  bore  ermine,  a  lion  rampant  azure,  the  second  son  of 
Bhys  Sais,  lord  of  Chirk,  Whittington,  Oswestry,  Nanheudwy,  and  Maelor 
Saesneg.    Bhwytyn  is  a  township  in  the  manor  of  Bhiwfabon. 

'  Boger  Ellis  of  Alrhey  was  the  only  son  of  Humphrey  Ellis  of  that  place, 
by  Dorothy  his  wife,  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Edward  Jones  of  Plas  Cadw. 
gan,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  a.d.  1576,  and  who  was  put  to 
death  by  Elizabeth  in  Loudon  on  the  2i8t  Sept.,  1586.  He  married  Marga- 
ret, daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Hanmer,  Ent.,  and  Catherine  his  wife,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Mostyn  of  Mostyn,  Esq.    Ei-mine,  a  lion  statant  guardant  gtUcs. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


CCCl 


Bedd'  xd,  ob.  q'  ext. — Johannes  Jefferyes  Armiger  tenet  purpart' 
terr*  de  Johanne  Decka  fil'  Thome  Decka  continen'  p'  estimao' 

Eedd'  zxxv\J9.  iid,  ezf. — Idem  tenet  sex  seperal*  claus'  terr*  in 
Abimbury  aliqnando  terr'  Joh'is  Decka  cont*  p'  estimat' 

Kedd'  ij8,  ext'. — Edwardus  Poleston  tenet  un'  toft'  et  quatuor 
olaus'  sive  parcellaa  terrain  Abimbury  nuperperquisit'de  Bogero 
Johnes  geueros'  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Bedd'  xxxs.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vn'  messuag'  sive  tenementu'  pomar' 
gard'  et  divers'  claus'  terr'  prat'  et  pastur*  eidem  messuag^  spec- 
tan'  iacen'  in  Abimbury  vawr  voc'  per  nomi'a  de  Coed  Abimbury 
partem  terr'  nup'  Boberti  Sonlley  Armigeri  continen'  p'  est' 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ob.  ext'. — Bobertus  Lloyd  gener'  Griffith  Mathew  et 
Bobertus  Mathew  tenet  comvnam  paroellam  terr*  in  Abimbery 
m'  terr*  Boberti  ap  Griff*  ap  Hoell  p'  redd'  xvd.  ob.  p'  est'  vt 
dicitur  ...... 

Bedd'  xxxi^f.  ii^d  ext'. — Johannes  Edwardes  generos'  tenet  qua 
tuor  messuagia  sive  tenementa  cum  pertinenc'  in  Arbistock  con 
tinen'  p'  estim'    ..... 

Bedd'  ijd.  ext'. — Thomas  Hope  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terr'  vocat 
£ae  Maddock  Eyton  nuper  perquisit'  de  Bogero  Jones  generos 
cont'  p'  estimat'  .... 

Bedd'  ii^d.  ext'. — Gabriel  Goodman  Armiger  iure  uxoris  tenet 
nnum  tenementu' et  quatuor  olaus'  eidem  spectan' quondam  terr* 
Boberti  ap  William  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Bedd'  XV5.  ext'. — Will'mus  Yaughan  Armiger  iure  uxoris  tenet 
▼num  capitalem  messuagiu'  et  diuers'  daus'  sive  parcellas  terre 
in  Eyton  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  .  ... 

The  inheritance  is  in  William  Basnet.^ 

Bedd'  vjd.— Bobertus  Lloyd  et  Will'mus  Erthig  tenet  vn'  p'cella' 
terr'  sup'  qui'  un'  molend'  fuUonis  fuit  nup'  terr'  dd'  go'  ap  Hoell 

Bedd'  ij«.  ext'. — Edwardus  Paleston  tenet  unam  parcellam  terr' 
vocat'  Cae  banadle  al'  Erw  vanadle  in  Abimbury  p'  estimac' 

Gabriel  Goodman  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terr*  in  Acton  vocat'  Kae 
Edithum  cont'  p'  est'         ..... 
Memorand'. — John  ap  John  ap  Bobert  doth  pay  for  theis  two 
parcells  of  land^  28, 

Bedd'  ^8.  Yd. — Bobertus  Puleston  tenet  purpart  3  acras  terr'. 

Bedd'  xviijd.  ext'.  Answered  in  Dyn'nlle. — Cornelius  Manley  gene- 
ros' tenet  totu'  sive  partem  vn'  parcell'  vn' tenement'  et  in  daus' 
in  Dyn'Ue  et  Buabon  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
M'd. — Edward  Eyton  Armiger  payeth  the  Bent  of  xvujd.  per 
ann'  for  it.    4'o  Eliz.  it  was  William  Eytons. 

S'm'  Bedd'  libroru*  tenen'  §  xxiijZi.  tvjs.  jd.  q'. 
4*0  Eliz.  §  xziyZi.  xvs.  xd.  q'. 


A.   B.   P. 


100    O    O 


12     O     O 


70    O    O 


66  di 


400 


20    o    o 


23    o    o 


o    o 


^  William  Basnett  purchased  the  ancient  mansion  and  estate  of  Eyton 
Uchaf  from  Boger  Eyton^  Esq.,  and  called  the  place,  after  himself,  Flas 
Basnett. 


CCCii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A.    K.    P. 

MANERIU'  DE  ABIMBERIE. — ^TENENTES  PER  DIMISSIONES. 

Bedd'  vij«.  iiijct.  ezt'.— Nicfaolaas  Fortescne  miles  tenet  ▼n'  dans' 
in  Abimbary  Tocat'  Akre  Gvrenlle  p'  estimac'o'em  lx#.       700 

No  coppie  shewed  4*0  Eliz.    By  the  presentment  of  the  Jorie, 
Edward  Bromfield  holds  this  in  right  of  S'r  Nicholas  For- 
tescae. 
Abimbery.    Bedd*  iiigs.  ezt',  23  y.  in  being  ad  Tolnnt'.— Thomas 
Jones  tenet  m'  dans'  rooat'  rch  Hdwyre  p'  estimao'o'em  300 

XX  ijV.  mjd, 
Bedd'  uis.  vi^'d.  ext'.    Eton.— Jerardas  Eyton  generos*  tenet  m* 
tenementn'  et  pomar*  in  Eton  cam  crofbo  adiaoen'  p'  est*    zxx«.       120 
John  Parry  et  Bobert  ap  Bobert  vterq'  damat  pro  se. 
Bedd'  xit.  ext'. — Tenet  et  vn'  tenementu'  in  Eyton  issa  cu'  p'vo 

croft'  prati  adiaeen'  rooat'  Birllan  p'  estimac'o'em  .       i      i     o 

Un'  prat'  adiaoen'  vooat*  Wirglodd  issa  p'  est'  .120 

Un'  dans'  terr'  arabil'  vocat'  Kay  skibbo'  per  estimao'o'em  300 

Bedd'  xx«.  ext'. — Tenet  et  piscato'em  in  Dee,  one  year  in  being,  cc. 
Sonlley.    Bedd'  xigf.  ii^d.  ext',  29  y.  in  being. — Thomas  Dymock 

de  Sonlle  tenet  vn'  tenementu'  gard'  et  pomar*  p'  estimao'  o     o  20 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  yr  person  in  quo  Bobertos  Sonlle  Annigor 

habet  di  Acr'  sesid  oont'    .  .  -320 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  tyre  yr  Erw  wen  deg  nunc  diuis'  in  daas  dans' 

p'  estimat'  .  .  -300 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  bichan  p'  estimat'  .  •320 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  y  Bryn  p'  estimat'    .  •220 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  y  Bryn  issa  p'  est'    .  .  .100 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  yr  Erw  tan  y  tye  p'  est'  .  .120 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Erw  valen  lly  kye  p'  est'         .  .  .100 

Un'  prat'  vocat'  yr  Wirglodd  terre  marisc'  siout  diuidet  p'  est'      .      600 

xijli,    22     o  20 
17  y.  in  being.    Bedd'  xg«.  vjd.  ext'. — Johannes  Boberts  infans 

tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  pomar'  gard'  et  croft'  p'  est'      .  •020 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Bryn  skibbo'  p'  est'  .  .220 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Eay  tan  y  tye  p'  estimat'       .  .  '230 

Un'  daus'  vocat*  yr  Wirglodd  tan  y  tye  p'  eat'  .  .120 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  wern  y  merath  p*  eat'  -      i     o     o 

Un'  daus'  vocat*  erw  fynnon  p'  est'    .  .020 


c«.  8  3  o 
Bedd*  x]j«.  vjd.  ext',  17  y.  in  being.—Edwardus  ap  Boger  tenet  vn' 

tenementu'  nup'  edifioat'  super  daus'  vocat'  Bryn  vcha  per  est'  420 
Un'  claus'  genistos'  vocat'  Bryn  Blethin  cum  nn'  mora  per  estim'  330 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  Bryn  issa  p'  estimat'  .  .120 

Un'  daus'  genistock  vocat'  Gwem  y  bryn  issa  p'  estimac'o'em  cum 

mora     .  .  ,  .  .220 


vjli.  xi^«.  ii^'d.     11     i     o 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Sonlley.  Sedd'  mjs,  iii^d.  ezt'. — Hugo  Oriffith  Lloyd  tenet  tziti' 
clans'  de  escaet'  nune  divis'  in  duas  partes  vocat'  Kay  Edioenel 
p'  estLmao'o'em    .....  zls. 

Cop.  4,  Edw.  6.    Bobertns  ap  Hoell  clamat. 

Sonlley.— Bedd'  xxziijs.  ii^d.  ext',  16  y.  in  being.  Ther  was  no 
oopie  shewed  4  Eliz.,  but  pretended  to  bee  graunted  as  annexed 
to  his  freeholde.  Bedd'  ijs. — Bichardas  Dauies  de  London  Gro- 
cer tenet  unum  tenementu'  gard'  pomar*  et  croft'  aj^&cen*  p' 
estimac'o'em        ..... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Eerenes  iuxta  venellam  p'  estimac'oein 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  glase  adiacen'  p'  est' 

Bichard  Davies  is  charged  more  in  the  BentaJl  than  here,  \js 

Tin'  dans'  adiacen'  vocat'  yr  Erw  p'  est' 

Un'  clans'  yocat'  yr  Wirglodd  p'  est*  . 

Duas  clausuras  vocat'  Kay  Christi  in  quo  pars  terr'  libs  distinct 
p'  met'  p'  estimat'  vltra    .... 

Un'  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Gwyn  p'  estimac'o'em     . 

Un'  peciam  terre  vocat'  yr  vownog  p'  est' 

Un'  dans'  terre  stirilis  vocat'  Kay  Ithyn  p'  estimac'o'em 

Tres  daus'  terre  vocat'  Kay  Ithyn  cum  cottag'  super  edificat'  p 
estimac'o'em        ..... 

Un'  claus'  pastur'  vocat'  Kay  Ken  Fynnon  p'  estimac'o'em 

Un'  alia'  claus'  vocat'  Kay  Ken  Fynnon  issa  p'  estimac'o'em 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  yr  weme  p'  estimat' 

Un'  croft'  vocat'  Kay  gwyn  p'  estimat' 

Un'  croft'  vocat'  yr  Erw  vech  go  wen  y'  skibbet'  p'  estimac'o'em 

xv^Zi 

This  was  held  as  annexed  to  his  freehold  by  a  coppie  pre- 
tended, but  not  shewed,  and  after  graunted  by  lease,  37 
Eliz.,  and  therefore  not  within  the  composition. 

Bedd'  \}«.  ext'.— Bobertus  Sonllu  tenet  de  predict'  terr'  vn'  daus' 
vocat'  gweme  adda  p'  est'  .  .  .        xxx<. 

Sonlley.  Bedd'  xvs.  ii^d.  ext',  17  y.  in  being.— Franciscus  Bay  lie 
tenet  vnu'  tenement'  gard'  pomar'  et  croft'  vocat'  Houseend 
field  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .... 

Un'  claus'  terr'  arrabil'  adiacen'  vocat'  Sheepcote  field  per  estim' 

Duas  moras  vocat'  Weme  y  tan  y  tye  p'  estimat' 

Duas  dausur'  terr'  vocat'  Wheatmore  iuxta  rivul'  p'  estimac'o'em 

Un'  croft'  iuxta  Wheatmoar  p'  estimat' 

Un'  daus'  vocat'  long  croft  p'  estimat' 

Un'  daus'  terr'  arrabil'  vocat'  fallow  field  p'  estimac'o'em 


CCCIU 
A.  s.  p. 

600 


020 

430 
200 

I   I  o 

200 

400 
500 
100 
200 


3 

3 

3 
2 

o 

I 


Bedd'  xlvija.  iigd.ext',  19  y.  in  being.— Bobertus  Sonlley  senior 
Armiger  tenet  vnu'  messuag'  cnm  pertinendis  in  Senile  vnu' 
claus'  vocat'  Kay  yr  Skibbo'  al'  vocat'  Kay  Newydd  nunc  divis' 
6  paroeU'  vnu'  daus'  vocat'  Gwriglodd  Senile  nunc  in  duas  par- 
cellas  vocat'  Kay  voha  vn'  claus'  voc'  Banhadlog  un'  al'  dans' 
vocat'  spiddaden  nunc  in  duas  paroellas  vnam  peciam  qnondam 
pars  Kay  yr  Skibbo'  in  claus'  Thome  Dymock  in  toto  p'  estim' 


o  o 
2  o 
o  o 
o  o 
o  20 
2    o 


35    2  20 


400 


1  3 

2  2 

1  3 

2  o 

0  2 

1  o 

2  O 


O 
O 
O 

o 
o 
o 
o 


VJK.  X«.      II      2     o 


50    o    o 


CCCiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

Bedd'  lis.  ext\— Tenet  et  vna'  oottag'  in  Sonlle  nnp'  Boberti  ap 
Dauid  et  duas  pftroellas  in  septem  olaos'TOcat'MaeB  sudd  Sonlle 
per  estimac'o'em  in  toto  cu'  preceden' 


R.  P. 


zxiijli.     54    o    o 
Bedd'oonoealed. — Bichardus  Leighton  tenet  vnu'  claos'  terre  nup' 
in  tenara  Gr*  ap  Jenkyn  Morton^  ad  volant'  vocat'  Eay  Meyon 
p'  eetimat'  .  .in  mens  xxj.       i     o    o 

This  is  concealed^  and  fitt  to  bee  seised. 
Cackadutton.  Bedd'vj*.  ii\jd.ezt\  297.  in  being. — Thomas  Goold- 
mith  tenet  vnu'  messuag*  in  Cakadutton  nap'  in  tenura  Thome 
Boydon  gard'  et  pomar'  et  duo  da'  yoc'  y  Eae  tan  y  ty  p'  est'  .       o     o  20 
Tin'  olaos'  vocat'  tyre  bleddyn  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .520 

Ii\j«.  ii^d.       5     2  20 


ARBISTOCK. 
Harl.  z^^ifo.  260  B. 


Expired  8  y.  since.  Bedd'  y\js.  ext'. — Bogeros  ap  John  tenet  vna' 
tenementa'  et  yn'  daus'  vocat'  tyre  yr  Akre  nap'  terr*  Joh'is 
Gittins  lore  nxor*  .  .  •300 

Tin'  dans'  vocat'  Koed  p'  estimat'  .  .300 

Daas  daus*  vocaf  tyre  y  Krimble  p'  est'  .  .  -300 

mjU.  x$,      900 
Arbistock.  8  y.  since  expired.-- Will'mns  ap  Edward  tenet  de  eis- 
dem  terr'  Johannis  Gittins  duo  cotag*  2  gard'  et  4  crofb'  vocat' 
y  beddo  p'  estimao'o'em     .  .  .  .320 

Bedd'  xiiy«.  exf . — Un'  clans'  vocat'  yr  Akre  vcha  p'  est'  .400 

Un'  daas'  adiacen'  vocat'  Eay  yokin  p'  est'  .  .300 

Un'  al'  dans'  vocaf  Kay  hyre  p'  estimat'  .  .  -300 

Dao  daus'  iaxta  Dom'  nap'  in  vno  voc'  yr  quity  a  tan  y  tyre  p'  est'      300 
Dno  croft'  vocat'  Eenen  Eelle  p'  estimat'         .  .  -300 

viyii.      19     2     o 
Expired  8  y.  since.    Bedd'  v^f.  ext'.— Johannes  Thomas  infkns 
tenet  vn'  tenement'  pomar*  et  gard'  et  vn'  dans'  adiacen'  vocat' 
y  placy  p'  estimat'  .  .  .  .200 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Gwenidd  p'  esf  .  .  .200 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  Erow  Marie  p'  est'    .  .  .  .200 

Un'  daus'  nanc  divis'  in  qaataor  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .500 

vjli.     II    o    o 


'  Jenkyn  Morton  was  the  son  of  John  ab  Ithel  Fychan  ab  Ithel  Hynaf  ab 
Llewdyn  Fychan  ab  Llewelyn  Fod  ab  Madog  Fod  of  Marchwiail,  ab  lor- 
werth  ab  Hw&  Fychan  ab  Hwfa  Grag  ab  Sanddef  of  Marchwiail,  fourth  son 
of  Elidir  ab  Bhys  Sais^  lord  of  Eyton.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  in  a  border 
oMure.  He  married  Angharad,  daughter  of  Morgan  ab  Llewelyn  of  Senilis 
by  whom  he  had  three  sons,  Bobert,  GrafPydd,  and  John. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCV 

A.    R.    P. 

Arbistock.  Bedd'  xxijd.  ext*,  one  y.  in  being. — Bogeras  Griffith 
tenet  vnu'  claas'  nunc  divis'  in  daas  daus*  voc'  yr  Acr'  et  Erw 
Lloyd   ......         xvjs.      200 

S*m'  Bedd'  tenen'  ad  volant'  et  p'  dimiss'  xjlt.  xijs,  xd. 
4  Eliz.  §  fj{i.  vs.  vjd.  q\ 


MANERIU'  DE  ISCOYD. — LIBERE  TENENTES. 
Harl.  3696,  /o.  262  B. 

In  Satton.  Bedd*  zv«.  iigd.  exi\ — Bicbardus  Parry  prouidencia 
diaina  Ep'na  sancti  Assapben'  tenet  libere  ibidem  vnum  messa- 
agiuin  dua  borrea'  vnum  pomarium  nnum  gardnum  cum  perti- 
nen'modo  in  tenura  Jobannis  Harry  vnum  cottagium  in  tenura 
Tbome  ap  William  vnnm  cottagiu'  et  gardinu'  in  tenura  Grif- 
fitbi  ap  William  vnum  cottagium  in  tenura  Ellis  Dauid  et 
clauBuras  sive  parcellas  terre  prati  et  pastur*  quarum  prima 
vooatur  Kaye  madd'  ap  Mereditb  secunda  Xaye  ddv  Tertia 
Kaye  tan  y  gwerme  quarta  sex  seliones  quinta  Kae  bova  sexta 
dole  dicus  vonga'  septima  dole  Griffith  octaua  croftum  apud 
finem  ponti  nona  Erow  yr  gongle  decima  duas  parcellas  in  Kae 
Griffith  vndecima  purpartem  in  Kae  huckin  Bbwth  duodeoima 
quatuor  parcellas  in  dole  ganol  decima  tertia  quatuor  seliones 
prope  Kae  do  decima  quarta  quatuor  dissectiones  et  capitalem 
terram  in  tire  y  dwo  Ka  decima  quinta  Gwerglodd  kae  Ueikv 
decima  septa  dnas  acras  in  Gweme  Igmore  decima  septima 
quatuor  parcellas  in  Kylvach  y  Cregin  decima  octaua  y  ddole 
issa  decima  nona  paruu'  croftn'  prope  le  goedva  vicesima  duas 
clausuras  per  domu'  Wall'i  Griffith  vicesima  prima  veterem 
acram  in  acre  Warwick  vicesima  secunda  parcell'  in  terra  Boy- 
don  prope  ades  vidue  probert  nnper  terr*  Jobannis  Harry  et 
Jobannis  Sutton  continen*  in  toto  per  estimac'o'em  octoginta 
acras  per  redditum  annualem  .  i  messuag*  3  cott'    80    o    o 

Sutton.  Bedd'  ix«.  vd.  ext'.  The  Bentall  more  by  xixdi.  ob.  and 
ijd. — Idem  Bioh'us  tenet  in  Sutton  vnum  cottagium  vnum  bor- 
reum  et  duodecem  clausuras  sive  parcellas  terr'  quarum  prima 
Bellan  Owen  secunda  Kae  Gongle  Tertia  vndecem  seliones 
quarta  Kae  tan  y  Kilne  quinta  Kae  Snap  sexta  Coed  Kae  Snap 
septima  tire  y  ducka  octaua  Erow  gamet  Kae  do  nova  decima 
y  dolydd  vndecima  tres  seliones  et  capital'  terr*  in  dole  ganol 
duodecima  septem  seliones  in  gwem  Uyn  teg  nuper  terr*  medith 
John  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  triginta  acras  per  rodditu' 

I  cott'  et  I  horreu'    30    o    o 

Sutton.  Bedd'  x\jd.  ext'^  add  iijd.— Johannes  Humfrey  tenet  in 
Sutton  vnu'  messuagium  cum  pertinen'  et  vna'  parcellam  terr' 
vocat'  Kae  Griffith  modo  divis'  in  tres  partes  nuper  terr'  Joban- 
nis Sutton  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  quatuor  acras  sub  red- 
ditu'  annualem   .  .  .  .  i  messuag'      400 

Boras.  Bedd'  xvi^d  ext'. — Joh'es  Jeffreys  tenet  in  Borras  vnum 
messuagium  cum  pertinen'  et  quasdam  terras  eidem  adiungen' 

2o 


CCCVl  OWGINAX  DOCUMENTS. 

▲.    JK.  P. 

sive  spectan'  naper  terr*  Greorgii  Salisbery  Ar*  oontinen*  per 
estimac'o'em  quindeoem  aoras         .  i  measuag'     15     00 

Erlea.  Bedd'  zzxii^js.  6xt\ — Joh'es  Dauis  in  Erles^  tenet  dao  mes- 
saagia  et  septemdeoem  paroellas  terr'  cum  pertin*  eidem  adia- 
cen'  Bive  pertinen'  quaru'  prima  vocatur  Kaer  Saer  eecanda  p'th 
y  yelin  tertia  Kae  do  qnarta  Kae  glas  yesa  quinta  Kae  glas 
Toha  sexta  Eaer  gwrageth  modo  diuis'  in  dnas  pai'tes  septima 
gwergloth  Kae  gmragaeth  ootaaa  brine  y  gilvaoh  modo  diuis'  in 
tree  parcellas  nona  gfweme  brine  y  gilvach  decima  perth  y  bee 
yssa  vndecima  i>erth  y  bee  Toha  duodeoima  Kae  y  llyva*  decima 
tertia  Kae  fynon  modo  dioia'  in  duas  partes  decima  qnarta  Eae 
Bandle  decima  quinta  Kae  bychan  decima  sezta  Eae  lleaden 
nup*  terr'  Edwardi  Erles  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  ducentas 
acras  per  redditu'  annualem  2  messuagia  200    o    o 

Redd'  ijd.  ezf. — Idem  tenet  qnosdam  seliones  terr*  iacen'  infra 
aliquas  prenominatas  parcellas  perquisit'  de  Marg^reta  Pule* 
ston  vidua  et  Johanne  Puleston  filio  suo  et  herede  per  redditn' 
annualem  .....   seliones 

Button  y  braine.  Bedd'  yij«.  ext'.— Johannes  Calneley  tenet  in 
Dutton  y  braine  libere  duo  tenementa  cum  pertinen'  et  septem- 
deoem clausuras  sine  parcellas  terr'  eidem  adiaoen'  due  perti- 
nen'  quaru*  prima  Tocatur  Eae  poptie  secunda  et  tertia  Eae  hier 
quarta  y  trowstlon  quinta  Maes  bichan  sexta  y  Eae  do  septima 
Eae  do  bychan  octaua  le  Accor  noua  et  decima  g^vynis  rnde- 
cima  duodeoima  decima  tertia  et  decima  quarta  le  Eae  Neweth 
decima  quinta  le  meadowe  decima  sexta  et  decima  septima 
Mayes  Willia'  Eytton  contin'  per  estimac'o'e'm  viginti  septem 
acras  per  redditu'  annualem  .  2  tenementa    27    o    o 

Redd'  v\J9.  ext\ — Idem  tenet  ynu'  aliu'  messuagium  in  Dutton 
braine  cum  pertinen'  et  quinque  clausuras  sine  parcellas  terr' 
prati  et  pasture  eidem  spectan'  quaru'  prima  Tocatur  Potwell 
meadowe  quarta  le  hier  tithin  quinta  inferius  tithen  continen' 
per  estimao'o'em  yiginti  qnatuor  acras  per  redditum  annualem 

I  messuag'    24    o    o 

Dutton  Deeffeth.  Bedd*  ii\j«.  ext'.— Idem  tenet  in  Dutton  Deeffeth 
vnu'  messuagiu'  cum  pertinen'  et  decem  clausuras  sine  parcellas 
terr'  prati  et  pasture  prima  et  secunda  yooantur  Mayes  Howell 
goch  tertia  et  quarta  y  garthe  quinta  Perth  Ennion  sexta  y  Eae 
glass  septima  y  Eae  tan  y  tye  octava  et  nona  y  grodire  sub 
viam  decima  tiere  y  garreg  contin'  per  estimao'o'em  triginta 
duas  acras  per  redditu'  annualem   .  i  messuag'    32     o     o 

Dutton  y  braine.  Redd'  v\jd. — Idem  tenet  dausuram  vocat*  y 
Erew  bychan  in  Dutton  y  braine  continen'  per  estimao'o'em 
septem  acras  per  redditu'  annualem  .  .700 


»  John  Davies  of  Erlisham,  or  Erlys,  was  the  son  of  Richard  DaTies  of 
Erlys  in  Iscoed,  by  Eleanor  his  wife,  daughter  of  John  Royden  of  Iscoed, 
Esq.    He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Cynwrig  Eyton  of  Eyton,  Esq.  Richafd 
Davies  was  the  son  of  David,  second  son  of  Howel  ab  Edwaid  Puleston  ab 
Madog  Puleston,  of  Plas  Isaf  in  Christionydd.  Argent,  on  a  bend  table, 
mullets  of  the  field,  for  Madog  Puleston.    See  Pedigree. 


J 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCvii 

A.     R     P 

Dntton  Braine^  Caga  Datton.  Bedd'  ujm,  vi^d.  est'.— Johannes 
Taylor  tenet  in  Datton  braino  et  Cag^  Datton  vnum  messnagiu' 
cum  pertinen'  et  quataordecem  daasuras  siue  parcellaa  terre 
prima  seconda  et  tertia  yooantnr  le  Orchard  Croftes  qaarta  y 
tire  glibion  qointa  y  caolaer  croft  oontinen*  per  eetimao'o'em 
septem  acras  per  redditom  annoalem  daoram  eoUdaru'  et  mias 
denarii  aezta  et  septima  Talarey  y  braine  octana  Clay  Croft  nona 
gilvach  Uv'e  Taylor  decima  ould  hoose  Croft  vndecima  brode 
Croft  daodecima  place  daoid  ap  ToUine  continen'  per  estima- 
c'o'em  qoatnordecem  aoras  per  redditam  annaaleu  quataorde- 
cem denarioru'  decima  tertia  Mayes  gwine  decima  quarta  le 
great  acre  iaoen'  in  olausora  Tocat'  yr  hiredire  in  Caga  Datton 
continen'  per  estimac'o'em  quinque  acras  per  redditam  quinqae 
denariora'  .  .  .  .  i  messaag*    26    o    o 

Cacadutton.  Kedd*  viijs,  ezt'.-r-Edwardus  Poleston  Ay  tenet  in 
Caga  Datton  et  Datton  y  braine  tria  meesuagia  cum  pertinen' 
et  qaaadam  dausuras  sine  paroellas  terre  continen'  per  estima- 
c'o'em  viginti  acras  per  redditum  annualem  3  messaag'    20    o    o 

Buitton.  Bedd'  iy«.  ezt'. — Thomas  Qouldsmich  tenet  in  Baitton 
▼nam  officinam  pistoriam  et  dimidiu'  pomarii  horren'  et  aHas 
domus  eztemas  et  tres  parcellaa  terre  eidem  spectan'  prima  to- 
catar  Kae  Bhige  secunda  y  Kae  wrth  y  berllan  tertia  yr  Erowe 
modo  diais'  in  duas  daasaras  per  redditum  annualem 

Bedd'  ii\jd.  ezt'.— Idem  tenet  ibidem  ynam  aliam  paroellam  ten» 
▼ocat'  Erles  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  acram  per  redditu'      100 

Sutton.  Bedd'  ▼«.  ii^'d.  ezt'.— Bogems  Boyden  Ar^  tenet  infra 
Tillam  de  Sutton  vnum  messuagium  et  sez  seperales  parcellaa 
continen'  per  estimacVem  duodecem  aeras  et  decem  acras  am- 
plias  terr'  iacen'  ibidem  in  diuerais  variis  locis  per  principalem 
annualem  redditu'  .  .1  messuagiu'    22    o    o 

Bedd' iigd.  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  infira  Yillam  de  Sutton  vnum  messu- 
agium et  sez  parcellas  terre  et  duas  parceUas  terre  in  loco  vocat' 
acre  Warwick  neonon  duas  acras  et  vnam  aliam  parcellam  Yocat' 
Kayeye  per  redditu'  annualem  principalem   . 

Bedd'  Yja.  jd.  «zt'. — Idem  tenet  infra  villam  de  Sutton  tria  mee- 
suagia nuper  terr'  Johannis  Decka  phillip  continen'  per  estima- 
c'o'em tresdecem  acras  et  quinque  parcellas  terre  ibidem  con«i 
tinen'  per  estimac'o'em  duas  acras  etdimid'  necnon  tres  seliones 
Yocat'  tiere  y  Oambull  continen'  dimid'  acre  terre  et  duas  par- 
cellas terre  continen'  vna'  rodam  in  loco  vocat'  Kay  y  Kill  per 
redditu'  annuale'  principalem  3  messuag'    19    o    o 

Bedd'  jd.  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  infra  villam  de  Sutton  tres  parcell' 
terre  nuper  tery  Bob'ti  lloyd  ap  lancelot  Uoyd*  continen'  per 
estimac'o'em  quataor  acras  ant'  eo  oirciter    «  .400 


>  Boger  Boyden  of  Iscoed,  Esq.,  a  captain  in  the  Boyal  army,  was  the  son 
of  John  Boyden  of  Holt,  by  his  first  wife,  Anne,  daughter  of  William  Cham- 
bers of  Sussex.  He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Thomas  Powell  of  Horslli, 
Esq.  Vert,  three  roebucks'  heads  eiased  in  bend  or;  in  dezter  chief,  a  rose 
of  the  second-    See  pedigreet  *  Of  Yr  Orsedd  Gooh- 


CCCViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


Ju    B.    P. 


Sutton.  Bedd*  xvjs.  iiijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  infra  viUam  de  Sut- 
ton varias  parcelias  terr'  quarum  prima  rocatur  le  great  gilvach 
secunda  glan  j  Cauene  tertia  y  Pulley  wheade  quarta  Pulley 
wheade  medowe  quinta  Clay  hill  medowe  sexta  y  gil?ach  gam 
septima  torriad  octava  y  dole  yssa  nona  Clay  hill  decima  le  hire 
Clay  hill  vndecima  y  dole  vcha  duodeoima  medietat'  in  ystem 
y  gored  continen*  p'  estimac'o'em  centu'  acras  .  .  lOO   o  o 

Sutton.  Bedd*  ^d.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcella'  terre  in  Sut- 
ton vocat'  y  saith  acre  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  septem  acxaa 
per  Sedditu'  annualem  principalem  que  terre  nuper  speotabant 
Morgano  Broughton  Armigero         .  •  .  .700 

Idem  tenet  infra  Villam  de  Sutton  vnnm  messui^^um  et  oottagiu* 
necnon  quasdam  clausuras  terre  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
quinque  acras  vocat'  Kay  griffith  iacen'  inter  Sutton  greene  lane 
et  riuum  vocat*  Calwedocke  per  redditum  annualem    . 

Sutton  Dutton,  Kaga  Dutton,  Dutton  y  braine.  Bedd'  xvjs.  ii^d. 
ext'. — D'nus  Edwardus  Broughton  miles  tenet  infra  oppida  de 
Sutton  Dutton  Deeffeth  Kaga  Dutton  et  Dutton  y  braine  quas- 
dam terre  parcell*  quaru'  prima  vocatnr  le  Goedva  secunda  le 
gryne  field  tertia  y  dole  issa  quarta  le  newe  field  quinta  Kay 
stavell  sexta  le  windemill  fields  septima  le  grodire  octava  le 
three  drowstoles  nona  le  winter  pastures  decima  y  Kae  yr  evell 
modo  induas  partes  diviss'  continen'  per  estimac'o^em  octoginta 
tres  acras  per  Bedditu'  principalem  annualem  .  .    83   0  0 

Bedd'  iiijd.  ext\— Idem  tenet  in  oppido  de  Sutton  vnu'  messua- 
gium  et  duas  parcelias  terre  eidem  adiungen'sive  pertinen' qua- 
rum  prima  vocatur  y  Kay  drenyocke  secunda  Kay  madyn  tho 
continen'  per  estimac'o'em  quatuor  acras  per  redditu'  principa- 
lem annualem     .  .  .  .  .  .400 

Idem  tenet  (ut  prefertur)  varias  parcelias  terr*  in  prediotis  oppi- 
dis  vnam  parcellam  in  magno  et  parvo  goydva  secundam  parcel- 
lam  vocat'  quotie  y  dole  yssa  tertiam  parcellam  in  Campo  vocat' 
Kay  yr  stavell  quartam  parcellam  in  medio  Drowstole  cont'  per 

estimacVem acras  per  redditu'  annuale'  nuper  terr*  Jo- 

hannis  Hugh  ap  Griffith  ap  Tollin  et  Will'i  ap  Hugh  filU  sui    . 

Bedd'  \jdi.  ext'.  Kaga  Dutton.  Bedd'  vs.  ext'.— Joh'ee  Kenrick  p' 
terris  lib'is  Bogerus  Boyden  tenet  in  oppido  de  Kaga  Dutton 
vnum  messuagium  sine  tenementum  cum  pertinen'  suis  et  quas- 
dam clausuras  terr'  eidem  adiacen'  sive  pertinen'  continen'  per 
estimac'o'em  viginti  acras  vocat'  Mayes  Will'm  eton  per  prin- 
cipalem annualem  redditu!  .  .  .  .    20   o  0 

Dutton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  y«.  iijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  infra  oppidum 
de  Dutton  Deeffeth  unu'  messuagiu'  sive  tenementum  cum  suis 
pertinen'  necnon  tres  clausuras  siue  parcelias  terre  eidem  ad- 
iungen'  .  .  ,  .1  messuagiu'      9   0  0 

Kaga  Dutton.  Bedd'  yd.  ext'.— Dauid  Thomas  (Will'm  Pate)  tenet 
infra  oppidu'  de  Kaga  Dutton  vnum  messuagium  sive  tenemen- 
tum continen'  per  estimac'o'em  tres  partes  acre  per  redditu' 
annualem  principalem       .  .  .  .  .      2    i   ^ 

Sutton.  Bedd'  xvijd.  ext'.— Will'us  ap  Hugh  tenet  infra  oppidum 
de    Sutton  duas  parcelias  terro  quarum  prima  vocatur  Kae 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCIX 

A.   R.  P. 

lleyckire  vcha  secunda  Hay  Ueyjckve  yssa  modo  in  duas  partes 
diuisB*  oontinen'  per  estimao'o'em  quinque  acras  aut  eo  oirciter 
per  principalem  aiinualem  reddita'  .  .  .500 

Button  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  ijd, — Idem  tenet  infra  oppidu'  de  Datton 
Deeffeth  vnu'  messnag^um  sine  tenemental  cum  pertinen'  et 
quinque  parcellas  terre  eidem  adiacen'  sine  pertinen'  continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  duas  acras  aut  eo  circiter  per  principalem 
annualem  Bedditum  .  .  .  .  .200 

Button  braine.  Bedd'  iijs.  vjd.  ext'. — B'nus  Petrus  Warbarton 
miles  tenet  infra  oppidum  de  Button  y  braine  vnum  messua- 
gium  cum  suis  pertinen*  et  quasdam  dausuras  sine  parcellas 
terre  eidem  adiungen'  sine  spectan'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
septemdecem  acras  aut  eo  circiter  nuper  terr*  Will'i  Borras  et 
Joh'is  Wine  Bichl  et  Lancelot!  Hughes  per  reditu'  principalem 
annualem  .  .  .  .  i  messuag*     17    o    o 

Bieston.  Bedd'  zvi^«.  Ti\jd.  est'. — Laurentius  Weles  tenet  infra 
oppidum  de  fieeston  quasdam  clausuras  siue  parcellas  terr'  oon- 
tinen'per  estimac'o'em  quinqu^nta  acras  aut  eo  circiter  nuper 
terr'  Petri  Boydon  per  redditu'  annualem  principalem  .    50    o    o 

Bntto'  Beeffeth.  Bedd'  i^f.  ext'. — Hugo  ap  William  tenet  infra 
oppidum  de  Button  Beeffeth  quasdam  clausuras  siae  parcellas 
terre  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  duodecem  acras  aut  eo  circiter 
nuper  terr'  Boberti  ap  John  ap  Haddock  et  Joanne  filie  eius 
matris  Hugonis  ap  William  per  redditu'  annualem      .  .1200 

Etton.  Bedd'  xxgd.  ext'. — Edwardus  ap  John  de  Etton  tenet 
infra  Tillam  de  Etton  quasdam  clausuras  siue  parcellas  terr'  con- 
tinen' per  estimac'o'em  tres  acras  aut  eo  nuper  terr'  Bauidis  ap 
Ellis  et  yeuan  vechan  per  redditum  principalem  annualem        .      300 

Sutton.  Bedd'  i^s.  iiijd.  ext'.— Johannes  Bondell  Gethine  tenet 
infra  oppidu'  eo  Sutton  mum  messuagium  siue  tenementum 
cum  suis  pertinen'  et  quasdam  clausuras  siue  parcellas  terre 
eidem  spectan'  siue  adiungen'  per  redditu'  annualem  principa- 
lem §  rgs.  ii\jd.  que  quidem  terre  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  sex 
acras     .....  i  messuag'      600 

Bedd'  xvjf.  add'  x\jd. — Joh'es  Lloyd  ap  Bichard^  tenet  infra  oppi- 
dum de  Sutton  vnum  messuagiu'  siue  tenementu'  cum  suis  per- 
tinen'  et  quasdam  clausuras  siue  parcellas  terre  continen'  per 
estimac'o'em  nove'  acras  aut  eo  circiter  per  redditu'  principalem 
annualem  de  .  .  .  i  messuag'      900 

Bedd'^d.  ext'.- -WiU'us  Phillip  tenet  infra  villam  de  Sutton  vnum 
messuagium  seu  tenementum  cum  suis  pertinen'  et  tres  clausu- 
ras continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  acram  aut  eo  circiter  sub 
redditu'  annual'  principal'  .  i  messuag'      100 

Button  y  braine.  Bedd'  \jd.  ext'. — Edwardus  ap  Bondell  tenet 
in  oppidum  de  Button  y  braine  vnum  messuagium  siue  tene- 
mentum cum  suis  pertinen'  et  quasdam  dausuras  terr'  continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  tres  partes  vnius  acre  per  redditum  principa- 
lem annualem     .  .  .  .  i  messuag'      2    i    .0 

1  John  Lloyd  ab  Bichard  of  Coed  Christionydd. 


CCCX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


▲.     B.   P. 


Bedd'  xx^d.  ext\ — Edwardus  ap  Llwelyn  tenet  in  oppido  de  Dai- 
ton  y  braine  vnum  messnag^am  sine  tenementum  earn  snis  per- 
tinen'  et  qaasdam  clausoras  terr'  continen'  per  eetimao'o'ein 
sex  acras  ant  eo  oiroiter  per  redditn'  annnelem  prindpalem 

I  messaag'      600 

Buabon.  Bedd'  xd.  ezt'.— Joh'es  ap  John  (Griffith  ap)  de  Garthen 
tenet  in  Bnabon  Tnam  tenementam  et  variaa  parcellas  teir*  con- 
tinent per  estimac'o'em  quinqnaginta  aoras  per  prindpalem 
annaalem  redditu'  .  .1  tenementa'     50    o    o 

Bedd'  ijs.  ext'.— ^Bobertns  ap  Dauid  in  Buabon  qnasdam  paro^las 
terr*  prima  vocatar  bryn  yr  ywd  secanda  pnrpartem  saam  vooat' 
J  Kwettie  yoh  pen  plas  y  vicar  et  partem  soam  in  campo  ▼ocat' 
y  gwastad  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  quatnor  acras  per  reddi- 
tum  annaalem  .  •  •  .400 

Marchweall.  Bedd'  y«.  ii^d.  ext'. — Thomas  Gouldsmith  tenet 
quasdam  parcellas  terr'yocat'  y  Wergloth  et  Eae  Fa  nnper  terr' 
Bob'ti  ap  Daoid  ap  Griffith  continen'  per  estimac'o*em  quinque 
acras  iacen'  in  Marchweall  per  redditu'  .500 

Marchweall.  Bedd'  i^s.  wjd,  exf. — Margareta  tx'  Bobert  tenet 
in  Marchweall  vnum  messnagiam  et  oertan  parcell'  terr*  nuper 
terr'  Bob'ti  ap  d'd  i^  Griffith  cont'  per  estimac'o'em  quinqae 
acras  p'  reddita'  annaale'  .  i  messaag'       500 

Borras.  Sir  Henry  Salisboiy  payee  the  rent.— Henricns  William 
de  Ck)chwillon^  tenet  in  Borras  vnam  messoagiam  et  qaasdam 
terras  iore  Txoris  eius  nuper  terr*  Joh'is  Salisbury  militis  oonti- 
nen'  per  estimac'o'em  viginti  acras  per  redditam  annaalem 

I  messaag*    20    o    o 

Eytton  et  Marchweall.  Bedd'  xxxs.  ijd.  ext'.— Gerrardas  Eytton 
tenet  in  Eytton  et  Marchweall  vnam  daasoram  terre  qnandam 
terr'  Oweni  Etton  Ar'  et  quadraginta  duas  acras  continen'  in 
toto  per  estimac'o'em acras  sub  reddit'  annual'    . 

Buabon.  Bedd'  vs.  vijd.  add'  vdi.  Bedd'  yj«.  ext'. — Dauid  Lloyd^ 
tenet  in  Buabon  quasdam  terr'  continen'  duodecem  acras  nuper 


1  Henry  Williams  was  the  son  of  William  Williams  of  Cochwillan,  by  Bar- 
bara his  wife,  daughter  of  George  Lumley,  and  sister  and  heir  of  John  Lord 
Lumley,  and  relict  of  Humphrey  Lloyd.  He  married  Jane,  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Thomas  Salusbory  of  Denbigh,  third  son  of  Sir  John  Salusbazjr  of 
Llewenny,  Ent.,  and  had  issue  a  son,  Lumley  Williams,  who  married  Doro- 
thy, daughter  and  heireiBS  of  Bhys  ab  Thomas  of  Ystym  Colwyn,  descended 
from  Idnerth  Benfras ;  and  a  daughter,  Barbara^  who  married  Owain  Lloyd 
of  Pentre  Clawdd,  now  called  Llwyn  Owain  and  Plas  y  Drain,  in  the  tow^n- 
ship  of  Morton,  Uwch  y  Clawdd  in  the  manor  of  Eglwyseg.  (Harl.  MS.  4181; 
Wynnstay  MS.)  Owain  Lloyd  was  the  son  and  heir  of  David  Lloyd  ab  John 
ab  Bobert  of  Pentre  Clawdd ;  descended  &om  Ithel  Felyn,  lord  of  laL  (Cae 
Cyriog  MS.) 

3  David  Lloyd  of  Pentre  Clawdd,  ab  John  ab  Bobert  ab  David  ab  John. 
This  David  Lloyd  sold  Pentre  Clawdd  to  Eendrick  Edisbury  of  Stiyt  jr 
Hwch  in  Marchwiail,  and  it  now  belongs  to  Mr.  York  of  Erddig.  (Cae  Oyrio^r 
MS.)  This  is  another  Pentre  Clawdd,  in  the  ville  of  Hafod,  in  the  township 
of  Bhiwfabon,  in  the  manor  of  Bhiwfabon. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXl 

A.   B.    P. 

terr'  Joli'ia  ap  Bobert  et  DauidiB  ap  Matthewe  per  redditam 
annualem  .  .  .  .  .  .     12    o    o 

Buabon.  Bedd'  xixd. — Edwardus  ap  Bondell  tenet  in  Baabon 
quasdam  terras  nnper  terr*  Joh'ia  ap  Maddock  continen'  per  eeti- 
mao'o'em  decern  aoras  per  redditu'  annualem  .  .     10    o    o 

Bedd' v\jd.  ezf.— Thomas  Griffith  (Joh'es  ap  le'nn  Maddock)  tenet 
vnam  tenementam  et  qaasdam  olansuras  sine  parcellas  terre 
eidem  adiungpen'  sine  pertinen'  nuper  terr'  Joh'is  ap  John  Mad- 
dock oontinen'  p'  estimao'o'em  octo  acras  prima  vocator  Eae 
yr  Avon  secunda  Kay  y  dole  tertia  Kaye  Uwellin  ap  Maddock 
in  duas  partes  divias'  per  redditam  annualem  septem  denari- 
orum     •  .  •  .  •  .  .800 

Buabon.  Bedd'  ijd,  ezt'. — Idem  tenet  vnnm  meesuagiam  cum 
pertinen*  et  vnam  aliam  clausoram  vocat*  Kay  Howell  vaell 
diuis*  in  tres  partes  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  quatuor  acraa 
iacen'  in  Baabon  nuper  terr'  Bogeri  ap  Bobert  per  redditam 
annualem  §  Que  premissa  iaoen'  in  Buabon  pred'        .  .400 

Burton.  Bedd'  vjd.  eyf. — Bobertus  Santhye  tenet  vnum  messu- 
agium  cum  pertinen'  in  Burton  continen'  vnam  acram  et  dimid' 
nuper  terr*  Bogeri  ap  John  Wyn  ap  Bowling  per  redditu'  .      120 

Buabon.  Bedd'  ii^d. — Edwardus  Etton  Armiger  tinet  vnam  tene- 
mentam et  quasdam  parcellaa  terr*  nuper  terr*  EUzabethe  ▼&' 
John  ap  Meredith  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  qninquaginta 
acras  per  reddit'  annualem  .  .  i  tenementu'    50    o    o 

Bedd'iujjs.  vd.  ext'.— D'nus  Eduardus  Broughton  miles  tenet  eas- 
qne  fuerunt  nuper  terre  Boberti  ap  Bondell  quaru'  prim'  voca- 
tur  y  weme  vechan  secunda  y  Eae  vith  y  buarth  tertia  partem 
Buam  in  le  Drowstole  quinta  vnu'  acram  in  Banne  hirrion  sexta 
y  Clay  byghine  septima  yr  heurofbe  octaua  parte'  suam  in  le 
Drowstole  noua  partem  suam  in  le  great  Drowstole  decima  par- 
tern  suam  in  le  dole  ysa  vndecima  partem  suam  in  dole  y  blithie 
duodecima  vnum  cottagium  et  vnu'  croftum  decima  tertia  par- 
tem suam  in  prato  vocat'  Eeveney  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
sexdecem  acras  per  redditum  annualem  .  .     16    o    o 

Sutton  Dntton  Deeffeth. — Idem  tenet  quasdam  parcellas  terr' 
nuper  terr' Johannis  Edwards  de  Barton  in  Sutton  Dutton  Deef- 
feth tres  seliones  in  le  grodir  maure  tres  parcellas  in  le  Drow- 
stole g^anoU  tres  seliones  in  magno  goyva  continen'  per  estima- 
c'o'em  duas  acras  per  redditu'  .  .  .200 

Dutton  y  braine,  Caga  Dutton.  Bedd'  ijs.  viijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet 
in  Dutton  y  braine  et  Caga  Dutton  quasdam  terr'  nuper  terr' 

diu'  Bichard  Treuor  continen'  per  estimac'o'em acras  per 

redditum  annualem  ..... 

Dutton  deeffeth,  Sutton.  Bedd'  xd.  ob.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  quas- 
dam terras  in  Dutton  Deeffeth  et  Sutton  nuper  terr'  Johannis 
William  Maddock  duas  brenes  terras  capitales  in  prato  vocat' 
y  Eesene  tres  seliones  in  le  drowstole  vcha  quatuor  seliones  in 
le  drowstole  ganol  sex  seliones  et  vnam  picam  in  campo  vocat' 
y  Kay  glase  duas  seliones  et  tres  picas  infra  le  dole  yssa  totam 
suam  partem  in  groft  y  frane  totam  suam  partem  in  yllyn  teg 


CCCxii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  B.  ?. 


duos  seliones  in  le  dole  ganol  vnam  selionem  in  le  grodir  totam 
suam  partem  in  U'une  Koyed  per  redditum  . 

Merfbrd  et  Horsley.  Bedd'  i\ja.  \jd.  ext\ — Jobannis  Allinton^  tenet 
in  Merford  et  Horsley  decern  acras  terr*  per  estimao'o'em  sub 
annaar  reddit'    .  .  .  .  .1000 

Eton.  Redd'  vs.  izd.  ezt'.  Add  xvjd.  more  in  the  Eentall  then 
the  twoe  somes  herein. — Joh'es  Jeffreys*  Ar*  tenet  vnam  tene- 
mentu'  et  qnadraginta  acras  tenr'  cum  pertinen'  in  Etton  naper 
terr'  Joh'is  Decka  et  quondam  paroell'  terr'  Dauidis  Decka  sub 
reddit'  annual'    .  .  .  .1  tenementu'    40    o   0 

Merford.  Bedd,'  y<.  ^d.  ezt*. — Bicbardus  Langford'  gen'  in  Mer- 
ford vnum  mesBuagium  et  viginti  acras  terr'  ezisten'  parceU* 
terr'  le  borde  land  per  redditum  annualem       .  i  messuag'    20    o   0 

Borras.  Bedd'  xijd.  ezt'. — Edwardus  Billett^  Ar*  et  Edvrardas 
Pilston  Ar'  tenet  per  conoessionem  hereditat'  Bandall  Broughton 
gen'  quasdam  parcellas  siue  dausuras  terr'  iacen'  in  Borras  in 
occupac'one  Howell  ap  Howell  postea  particulariter  mentionat' 
viz't  yr  erowe  hir  Kay  newydd  le  two  vownog  Kay  y  Kygidd 
Kay  yr  brine  yr  erowe  skubor  Kay  gwine  Kay  banadle  ynum 
oottagium  et  parcell'  terr'  ezisten'  a  g^rgon  continen'  per  esti- 
mac'o'em  octodeoem  acras  custumarias  per  Bedditnm  annualem 
duodecem  denarioru'         .  .  .  .  .     18    o   0 

Marchweall.  Bedd'  iiij«.  iiijd.  paid  in  Buabon. — Bichardus  Leigb- 
ton  Ar*  (S'r  Edward  Broughton^)  tenet  quasdam  terr'  nuper  terr' 
Dauidis  ap  Bobert  ap  Howell  per  redditum  annualem 

^  John  Alanton  was  the  eldest  son  (by  Catherine  his  wife^  danghterof 
John  Trevor  ab  Bichard  Trevor  of  Treialun)  of  David  Alunton  ab  Wilham 
Alynton  ab  Thomas  ab  lolyn  Goch  ab  Madog  ab  Deio  ab  David  ab  Howel 
ab  David  ab  Bhiryd  Sais  ab  Ithel  ab  Eunydd,  lord  of  Dyffryn  dwyd  and 
Trefalan^  etc.    Azure,  a  lion  salient  or. 

*  John  Jeffereys  of  Acton,  Esq.    Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sahle. 

*  Bichard  Langford  of  Trefalun  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Langford  of 
Trefalun,  ab  Bichard  Langford,  son  and  heir  of  John  Langford,  of  Butbin, 
and  Catherine  his  wife,  daughter  and  heiress  of  William  ab  David  ab  Gmf- 
fydd  ab  David  of  Trefalun,  descended  from  Sanddef  Hardd,  lord  of  Mortyn, 
who  bore  vert,  seme  of  broomslips  a  lion  rampant  or.  John  Langford,  the 
first  of  this  family  who  settled  at  Trefalun,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Edward 
Langford,  Constable  of  Butbin  Castle,  who  died  16  Henry  YII.  Bichard 
Langford  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Bichard  Parry  of  Tref  Bhuddin. 
Argent,  three  boars'  heads  couped  sable.  She  died  12th  Dec.,  1657.  Gules,  a 
shoveler  argent,  for  Langford. 

*  Edward  Billot  of  Morton  and  Barton,  Esq.,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Tbomas 
Billot  of  Morton  in  the  county  of  Chester,  and  of  Barton  in  the  parish  of 
Gresford,  High  Sheriff  of  Denbighshire  in  a.d.  1556,  and  Alice  his  wife, 
daughter  of  William  Boydon  of  Burton,  Esq.  He  married  Amy,  daughter 
and  coheir  of  Anthony  Grosvenor  of  Dudleston,  Esq.  Argent,  on  a  chief 
gules,  three  cinquefoils  of  the  field.     See  pedigree. 

»  Sir  Edward  Broughton  of  Flas  Isaf,  or  MarchwiaU  Hall,  Knight,  Hi^h 
Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  a.d.  1698,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Morgan  Broughton 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXIU 

A.   B.   F. 

Bedd'  zd.  ext*. — Einrick  ap  Boberfc  (Sir  Edward  Broag^hton)  et 
Daaid  pona  Morgan  Mathewe  tenent  vnam  clausuram  in  March- 
weall  per  redditum  .  . 

Bnabon.  Bedd'  iis.  ijd.  exV. — Joh'es  ap  Robert  ap  John  ap  levan 
ap  Howell  (Sir  Edward  Broughton)  tenet  vnnm  messnagium  in 
Baabon  nup'  terr'Evani  ap  Howell  ap  Kenrick  oontinen' viginti 
acras  per  redditu*  .  .  .  i  messaag'    20    o    o 

Baabon.  Bedd'  zvd.  ext\ — Biohardns  ap  John  ap  Edward^  tenet 
in  Baabon  ezisten'  paroelF  terr*  Joh'is  ap  Jenking  ap  Yollin 
continen'  per  estimac'o'em  viginti  acras  per  reddita'  annoalem     20    o    o 

Iscoyde.  Bedd'  vyd.  ext'. — Bogeras  ap  Boger  (Gerrard  Eyton) 
tenet  in  Iscoyd  partem  saam  terr*  Griffithi  ap  Maddock  per  red- 
dita^  annaalem    ...... 

Erles.  Bedd'  vjs.  viigd.  ext'.— Edwardas  Paleston  Ar'  tenet  in 
Erles  varias  parcellas  terr*  continen'  octo  acras  nap'  terr'  Joh'is 
Lloyd  ap  John  p'  redditu'  annaalem  .  .800 

Baabon.  *Bedd'  zvd.  ob.  ext'. — Thomas  ap  Daaid  ap  le'nn  ap 

X  ll'w'n  tenet  in  Baabon  quasdam  terr'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
acras  per  redditam  annaalem  ..... 

Baabon.  Bedd'xvd.  ext'. — Bichardas  ap  John  ap  Edd'  tenet  vaiias 
terras  in  Baabon  continen' per  estimac'o'em  qainqaaginta  acras 
per  redditum  annaalem  .  .  .  .    50  b    o 

Baabon.  Bedd'  zd.  ext'. — Joh'es  ap  Edd'  ap  le'nn  tenet  in  Baa- 
bon qaasdam  clausuras  sine  parcellas  terr'  continen'  per  esti- 
mac'o'em quadraginta  acras  per  redditum  annualem  .  .    40    o    o 

Seswick.  Bedd'  xvd.  ext'. — Bondell  Broughton  gen'  tenet  in  Ses- 
wick  quasda'  clausuras  sine  parcellas  terr*  continen'  per  estima- 
co'em acras  per  redditum  annualem       .  , 

Borras  Houa.  Bedd'  i^«.  ob.  ext'. — ^Bicius  Lloyd  tenet  in  Borras 
Houa  iare  vxoris  eius  quasdam  terras  Joh'is  Puleeton  AW  per 
redditum  annualem  trium  solidorum  et  vnius  obuli  pars  higus- 
modi  iacet  in  Dutton  Deeffeth         .... 

March weall.    Bedd'  xd.— Bich'us  Leighton  Ar'  tenet  in  March- 

of  Flas  Isaf,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  a.d.  i6o8«  and  Margaret 
his  wife,  second  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Harri  Parry  of  Maesglas  and 
Basingwerke  Abbey,  Esq.  He  married  a  sister  of  Sir  Edward  Tirrell,  by 
whom  he  had  two  sons,  Edward  and  Bichard,  and  a  daughter  named  Frances, 
who  died  without  issue.  This  &mily  is  descended  from  Ednyfed,  lord  of 
Broughton,  who  bore  ermine,  a  lion  statant  g^iardant  gules,  second  son  of 
Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.    Broughton  is  the  manor  of  Y  GlwysegL 

1  Bichard  of  Bhiwfabon  was  the  second  son  of  John  ab  Edward  by  Angharad 
his  wife,  daughter  of  Edward  ab  Morgan  ab  David  of  Flas  y  Bold  in  the 
parish  of  Cae  Gwrli,  and  of  Bxymbo  in  Esclusham,  Esq.  He  married  DeiU, 
daughter  of  Bobert  ab  Edward  ab  Howel  ab  Madog  ab  Howel,  descended 
from  Bleddyn  ap  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  The  above  named  John  was  the 
son  of  Edward  ab  David  ab  leuan  ab  lenkyn  ab  Llewelyn  ab  Ithel  Goch  ab 
Llewelyn  ab  Madog  ab  Einion  ab  Madog  ab  Bleddyn,  fourth  son  of  Qynwrig 
ab  Bhiwallon.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules. 
(Harl.  MSS.  1972-2299.)    See  pedigree. 

2p 


CCCxiv  ORIGINAIi  DOCUMENTS. 

weall  vnam  parcella'  terre  nuper  terr*  Kinricii  ap  Bobert  Daoid 
Pona  et  Morgan!  Matthewe  oontinen' acras  p'  redditam   . 

Per  in  Buabon. — Bobert  Danid  Pona  et  Morgaai  Matthewe  oon- 
tinen' acras  p'  redditum  .... 

Eton.  Bedd*  vj«.  vigd.  ext'.— Will'us  Vaughan  Ar*  tenet  vnum 
clauB*  iacen'  in  Etton  nnper  terr*  Bogeri  Etton  oontin'  per  eeti- 
mac'o'em acras  per  redditum  annaalem 

Baabon.  Bedd'  iigd.  est'. — Edwardus  Eytton  Armiger  tenet  vnnm 
mesBuagiam  cum  pertin'  in  Baabon  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em 
quinquaginta  acras  naper  terr*  Margarete  vz'  John  ap  Madd' 
et  Elizabethe  tz'  John  ap  Meredith  per  redditam  annualem 

I  meesnag*     500 

Dauinsley,  Buabon.  Bedd'  zjs.  ext'.— -Idem  tenet  variaa  terras  et 
tenementa  in  Dauinsley  et  Baabon  cam  terris  eidem  pertinen' 
sine  adiungen'  oontinen'  per  estimao'o'em  trecentas  et  quadra- 
ginta  acras  per  redditu'  annualem  varia  ten'ta  340  0  0 

Iscoyde.  Bedd'xd.  ezf . — Thomas  ap  John  ap  Edward  tenet  varias 
terras  in  manerio  de  Iscoyd  nuper  terr*  Edwardi  le'nn  d'd  goche 
oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  quadraginta  aoras  per  reddita*  anna- 
alem    .  .  .  -  .  .  .    40  0  0 

Satton.  Bedd'  ii\jd.  ezt'.— Johannes  Lloyd  (Sir  Edward  Brough- 
tcm)  tenet  in  Sutton  vnam  parcellam  terr*  vocat'  y  Dole  contin' 
per  estimao'o'em  duas  acras  per  redditu'  annualem  .200 

Dutton  y  braine.  Bedd'  zi^'d.  ext'. — Joh'es  Caueley  tenet  in  But- 
ton y  braine  quatuor  paroellas  terr'  quaru'  prima  Yocatur  y  Kae 
Do  secunda  le  acre  tertia  partem  suam  in  le  tyvin  yssa  quarta 
parun'  pratu'  oontinen'  per  estimao'o'em  sex  aoras  per  annualem 
redd'     .  .  ."  .  .  .600 

Borras  ext'.  Bedd'  zvjs.  iiiid.,  ii^di.  add. — Odevenus  Browton  ar*  ^ 
tenet  in  Borras  terras  nuper  Will'i  Borras*  sexdecem  claus'  oon- 
tinen' per  estimao'o'em  quadraginta  sex  aoras  per  redditu'  annu- 
alem    .  .  .  .  .  .    46  0  0 

Dutton  y  braine. — Idem  tenet  in  Dutton  y  braine  vnum  messua- 
ginm  nuper  sine  quandam  spectan'  Edd'  Treuor  et  duodecem 
dausuras  terre  continen'  per  estimao'o'em  triginta  acras  per 
redditu'  annualem  .  .  .  i  messuag'    30   0  0 

Dutton  y  braine^  Dutton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  zx^ d.  ext'.—  Bioh'us  ap 
Bobert  tenet  infra  oppidum  de  Dutton  y  bran  et  Dutton  Deef- 
feth sex  clausuras  due  parceUas  terr*  quarum  prima  vocatur  y 
Cow  croft  secunda  Kay  iynon  tertia  yr  hanney  hirrion  quarta 

>  Owain  Brereton  of  Borasham,  Esq.>  ob.  in  a.d.  1643.  ArgmU,  two  bus 
sahU.    Borasham  is  a  township  in  the  manor  of  Isgoed. 

*  William  Bwras  or  Borras  of  Bwras  or  Borasham,  was  the  son  of  WiUi^B 
ab  John  ab  Einion  ab  lolyn  of  Borasham,  eldest  son  of  lorwerth,  who  had 
lands  in  Borasham  and  Bhuddallt,  the  fourth  son  of  Llewelyn  ab  Groiiydd 
ab  Cadwgan,  lord  of  Eyton,  Erlisham,  and  Borasham.  Ermine,  a  lioo  i*^' 
pant  cuiure,  armed  and  langued  gules.  William  Boiras  had  an  only  dftng^^^^ 
and  heiress,  named  Angharad,  who  married  Lewys  Sutton  ab  Bobert  Snt^ 
of  Sutton  in  the  manor  of  Isgoed. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXV 

.  ▲.    B.  P. 

yr  erowe  velon  qulnta  y  grodire  sexta  y  grodire  neasa  in  day 
bichine  continen'  per  eetimac'o'em  duodeoem  aoras  aat  eo  ciici- 
ter  per  principalem  annoalem  redditn'  .  .  .     12    o    o 

Dutton  y  braine.  Bedd*  ijd,  ob.  ext\ — Edwardns  ap  Daoid  tenet 
infra  oppidum  de  Datton  brain  vnam  parceUam  terr*  yooat'  y 
mayse  gwine  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  acra'  ant  eo  dx- 
citer  per  redditnm  annualem  duoru'  denariom'  et  yniis  obnli    .      100 

Datton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  gd.  ob.  ezt\ — ^Joh'es  William  ap  John 
Griffith  tenet  infra  oppidum  de  Datton  Deeffeth  daas  paroellas 
terre  continen'  per  estimao'o'em  vnam  acram  nuper  terr*  diu' 
Edwardi  Broughton  militia  per  principalem  annualem  redditu'       100 

Sutton.  Bedd'  xzzvj. — Edwardos  Wright  tenet  infra  Yillam  de 
Sutton  vnum  messuagium  sine  tenementum  cum  pertinen'  et 
quasdam  clausuraa  siue  parcellas  terr*  eidem  adiungen*  sea  per- 
tinen'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  quinqaaginta  acraa  aut  eo  oir- 
citer  per  redditu'  annualem  principalem  .  .    50    o    o 

Sutton  Dutton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  ii^<.  ijd,  ob.»  add  iidi,  ezt'. — Bo- 
bertua  Sowlley  Ar'  tenet  infra  oppidu'  de  Sutton  et  Dutton 
Deeffeth  quaadam  dauauras  siue  paroellas  terr'  oontin'  per  eeti- 
mac'o'em ootodecem  acraa  aut  eo  circiter  que  nuper  fuerunt 
terr*  dorathee  Boyden  nuper  vzoria  Bob'ti  SouUey  Ar'  per  red- 
ditum  principalem  annualem  .  .  .  .    18    o    o 

Dutton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  ga.  ext'. — ^Will'ua  Dod  tenet  infra  yillam 
de  Dutton  Deeffeth  quaadam  clausuraa  aiue  parcellaa  terre  con- 
tinent per  eatimac'o'em  quatuor  acraa  nuper  Bogeri  Boydon  et 
Will'i  AUnton  per  annualem  principalem  redditu'  .400 

Dutton  y  braine.  Bedd'  iigd.  ezt'. — Thomaa  Taylor  tenet  infra 
villam  de  Dutton  y  braine  vnam  acram  terre  per  eatimac'o'em 
sub  redditu  annuaJi  principali  quatuor  denarioru'       .  .100 

Dutton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  xd.  ext%  add  vjdi. — Owinua  Dod  tenet 
in  Dutton  Deeffeth  vnn'  meaauagiu'  aiue  tenementum  cum 
pertinen'  et  quaadam  clausuraa  aiue  paroellas  terre  eidem  ad- 
iungen'  aiue  pertinen'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  tree  acraa  aut 
eo  circiter  nuper  terr'  Boberti  ap  Griffith  ap  lenkyn  per  redditu' 
prindpale'  annualem         .  .  .  i  measuag'      300 

Sutton.  Bedd'  vigd.  ext'. — Bogerua  Sutton^  tenet  vnum  messu- 
agiu'  aive  tenementum  infr»  oppidu'  de  Sutton  cum  aula  perti- 
nen' et  quaadam  dausuras  aiue  parcellaa  terr'  eidem  adiungen' 
due  apectan' continen'  per  eatimac'o'em  duaa  acras  per  redditu' 
annuale'  prindpalem         .      S        .  .  .  .200 

Byeaton.  Bedd'  vs.,  vocat'  quia  alibi  ezt'. — Bichardua  Lewya 
tenet  infra  oppidum  de  Byeaton  vnum  measuagiu'  aiue  tene- 
mentum cum  aula  pertinen'  necnon  quaadam  clausuraa  aiue  par- 
cellaa terr'  eidem  adiungen'  aeu  apectan'  continen'  per  eatima- 
c'o'em aexaginta  acraa  per  prindpalem  redditu'  annualem 

I  meaauag'    60    o    o 

'  The  Sutton  family  descend  from  Madog  Sutton,  lord  of  Sutton  and 
GwersyU,  second  son  of  Elidyr  ab  Bbys  Sais,  lord  of  Eyton,  etc.  Ermine,  a 
lion  rampant  azure.    Gwerayll  is  a  township  in  the  manor  of  Burton. 


CCCXVi  ORIGINAL   DOCUMENTS. 


A.  K.  F. 


•Gowrton  et  Dutton  y  braine.  Redd'  xxxvjs.  ixd. — Owenus  Brere- 
ton^  Ar*  tenet  infra  oppidam  de  Gowrton  et  Dutton  y  braine 
quasdam  clansuras  sine  parcellas  terre  continen*  per  estima- 
c'o*em  ducentas  triginta  sex  acras  per  principalem  i^edditum 
annaalem  ......  263    0  0 

Jscoyde. — Idem  Owenus  Brereton  Armiger  tenet  infra  maneriu' 
de  Iscoyd  vnam  messuagiu'cam  suis  pertinen'et  quasdam  clan- 
suras sine  paroellas  terr*  eidem  spectan'  sen  adinngen'  per  eeti- 
mac'o'em  quadraginta  sex  acras  per  princii>alem  redditum  an- 
nualem  .  .  .  .  .    46   0  0 

Sutton.  Bedd'  zjs.  ii^d.  ext'. — D'nus  Edwardus  Bronghton  miles' 
tenet  infra  viUam  de  Sutton  vnum  messuag^u'  cum  suis  perti- 
nen'  eidem  adiung^n'  sine  spectan'  et  quasdam  clausuras  siue 
parcellas  terr'  quarum  prima  vocatur  yr  alite  perth  y  kill  secunda 
garth  y  poptie  tertia  y  pull  do  quarta  Koed  Kay  yr  dole  quinta 
same  y  moche  sexta  Koed  Kay  yr  grodir  septima  Kay  lenkine 
ap  ll*en  octaua  y  plase  croft  Bonow  nona  Gaffe  selioe  decima 
Brow  y  stim  y  gored  tres  seliones  in  parcella  terre  vocat'  £row 
vechan  adiungen*  Kay  do  duos  seliones  in  Koyd  Key  y  gwernthe 
totam  purpartem  Edwardi  ap  John  Dauid  gethina  in  le  Clay 
hill  vn'  parcell'  vocat'  dole  Will'm  totam  suam  partem  in  le 
Dole  yssa  totam  sua'  partem  in  Errowe  yr  Clay  purpartem  yice 
vocat'  streete  Kay  Mallie  et  gilvache  Bhyde  y  tregine  totam 
suam  partem  in  Dole  vcha  alias  ll*yn  teg  necnon  partes  sua' 
in  Dole  ganol  p'  redditum  annualem  principalem 

Bedd'  yjs.  vjd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  infra  oppidum  de  Sutton  vnn' 
messuagiu'  cum  suis  pertlnen'  eidem  spectan'  iure  adiungen'  et 
quasdam  clausuras  slue  parcellas  terr'  quarum  prima  vocatur 
Koytee  yr  orseth  secunda  Kay  tie  tye  poptie  tertia  dole  Welline 
quarta  y  Boft  y  vrane  quinta  Dole  Griffith  sexta  partem  suam 
in  Kaye  Griffith  septima  partem  suam  in  Koyty  pen  y  ponte 
octava  Kay  Dauid  ap  Denened  nona  y  Koytie  tan  y  gwemeth 
decima  yr  Bowe  Merefon'  vndecima  partem  suam  in  ystin  y 
gorede  duodecima  le  acre  in  campo  vidie  Boberts  decima  tertia 
partem  suam  in  bellan  owen  decima  quarta  partem  suam  in  Kay 
folys  decima  quinta  partem  suam  in  Johann'  Bondell'  gethuue 
▼nam  parcellam  inter  Kayer  Kill  et  le  clay  hill  Partem  suam  in 
glan  y  Konen  partem  suam  in  le  clay  hill  continen'  per  estima- 
o'o'em  quinquaginta  quatuor  acras  per  redditu'  annualem  prin- 
cipalem .  .  .  ^  . 

Dutton  Deeffeth,  Dutton  braine^  Caga  Dutton.  Bedd'  xzrijs. 
Bentall  70.  ii\j di. — Maior  et  Ciues  Cestrias  tenent  vnum  tene- 
mentum  cum  yard  pomario  et  gardin'  tres  clausuras  siue  parcel- 
las terr'  eidem  pertinen'  in  oppido  de  Dutton  Deeffeth  Dutton 
braine  Caga  Dutton  con  tin'  per  estimac'o'em  sex  acras  aut  eo 
circiter  vnam  clausuram  sine  parcellam  terr'  vocat'  Kilvach  y 

^  Owain  Brereton  of  Borasham,  Esq.,  ob.  a.d.  1648.  Argent,  two  bars  w***- 
«  Sir  Edward  Broughton  of  Plas  Isaf,  or  Marchwiail  Hall,  Knight  Sri»^ 
a  lion  statant  guardant  gules,  armed  and  langued  anwre. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXVll 

A.    B.   P. 

berth  Iwyd  continen'  per  eatimac'o'em  duas  acras  Tiiam  claaau- 
ram  siue  parcellam  terr'  yocat'  j  Kay  bichan  continen'  per  esti- 
mac'o'em  vnam  acram  et  dim  id'  sex  seliones  et  duas  fines  seliona' 
terre  infra  pratum  vooat'  le  hens  medove  continen'  duas  acras 
et  dimid*  vnam  parcellam  terr*  vocat*  the  litle  pingowe  continen' 
circiter  ynam  partem  acre  qnatuor  seliones  terre  continen'  quar- 
tam  otiam  partem  vnius  acre  in  crofto  vocat'  maddin  do  cottag* 
dt  ynu'  longnm  selionem  necnon  tres  dissectiones  continen' 
circiter  vna'  acram  de  dimid'  iacen'  in  olausura  vocat'  y  Maes 
▼nam  dausoram  Tocat'  le  Trowstian  continen'  daas  acras  dicto 
cottagio  spectan'  tres  seliones  de  le  grong  continen'  mediam 
partem  acre  iacen'  in  loco  vocat'  tyer  y  pren  per  redditu'  anna- 
alem  principalem  .  .  .  i  tenementa'    54    o    o 

Datton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  yi^d.  ezt'. — Hugo  ap  Robert  (Bichard  ap  • 
Hughe)  Barker  tenet  infra  oppidum  de  Dutton  Deeffeth  duas 
parcellas  terr'  qnarum  prima  vocatur  Koytie  yr  Wergloth  se- 
cunda  y  vergloth  vechan  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  qnatuor 
acras  aut  eo  circiter  per  annualem  redditum  principalem  .      400 

Sutton.  Bentale  \j<.  xd.  p'  prat'  ii^'d. — Bichardus  Leighton  Armi- 
ger^  tenet  infra  oppidum  de  Sutton  vnam  parcellam  terr*  yocat' 
Kay  Dan  id  Bige  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  qnatuor  acras  aut 
eo  circiter  per  redditu'  principalem  annualem  §  modo  in  duas 
partes  diuis'        .  .  .  ...  .400 

Dutton  Deeffeth.  Bedd'  ii^'d. — Joh'es  Lloyd  ap  Bichard'  tenet  in 
Dutton  Deeffeth  tres  parcellas  terr'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
duas  acras  nuper  terr'  Bob'ti  ap  Bondell  per  redditum  annualem      200 

Sutton.  Bedd'  ^jd.  ext'. — Dorothea  Ellis*  tenet  in  Sutton  duas 
parcellas  terr'  prhna  vocatur  y  Weme  vechan  secunda  est  pars 
campi  vocat'  Dole  dicus  vechan  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam 
acram  custumar*  per  redditu'  annualem         •  .  .101 

Dutton  Deeffeth,  Sutton. — Joh'es  William  Maddock  in  Dutton 
Deeffeth  et  Sutton  tenet  duas  parcellas  prati  continen'  per  esti- 
mac'o'em duas  acras  per  redditu'    .  .  .  .200 

Marchweall.  Bedd'  \j«.  ext'  q'. — Joh'es  Edgbery^  tenet  Marchweal 
vnam  parcellam  continen'  per  ostimat'o'em  duas  acras  vocat' 
gweme  audease  per  redditu'  .  .  .  .200 

Sutton.  Bedd'  ob.  ext'. — Joh'es  Griffith  tenet  in  Sutton  quartam 
parte'  vinus  acre  per  redditu'  annualem        .  .  .010 

Byeston.  Bedd'  \j«.  vjd.  ext'. — Johannes  Dauis  tenet  quasdam 
parcellas  terr*  in  Byeston  nuper  terr'  Bondell  Dauid  et  Joh'is 
ap  le'nn  ap  Dauid  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  duodecem  acras 
per  redditu'  annualem       .  .  .  .  .     12    o    o 


1  Bichard  Leighton  of  Gwerne  y  Gof  in  Maelienydd,  Esq. 

*  John  Lloyd  ab  Bichard  of  Coed  Chiistionydd  in  Esdusham. 

B  Dorothy  Ellis  was  the  widow  of  Humphrey  Ellis  of  Alrhey,  Esq.,  and 
daughter  and  coheiress  of  Edward  Jones  of  Plas  Cadwgan,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff 
for  Denbighshire  in  1576.    See  pedigree. 

*  John  Edgbury  or  Edisbuiy  of  Pentre  Clawdd,  bought  the  Erddig  estate, 
and  was*  the  eldest  son  of  Cynwrig  Edisbury  alias  Wilkinson  of  Marchwiail. 


CCCXVIU  OBIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A.   R.  P. 

Byeston.  Bedd'  zvd.  ezf . — ^Odvenua  Jones  tenet  quaedam  terras 
in  Beeeton  noper  terr*  Bondell  Daaid  et  Joh'ee  ap  le'nn  ap 
Danid  continen'  per  estimaoVem  ooto  aoras  per  redditn'  anna- 
alem      .  .  ,  .  .800 

Byeston.  Bedd'  xvd,  ezt\ — SioVns  ap  William  tenet  qnasdam 
terras  in  Byeston  nuper  terr*  Bondell  Danid  et  Johannis  ap 
le'nn  ap  Danid  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  ooto  acras  per  reddi- 
tum  annnalem  qnindeoem  denariomm  .  .800 

Baabon.  Bedd'  y«.  Td.  ext'. — Bob'toa  Lloyd^  gen'  tenet  in  Baa- 
bon  infra  maner  de  Isooyd  tree  clansoras  nnper  terr*  Danidis  ap 
Maddock  ap  Bobert  et  Willi  Danid  filii  sni  et  heredis  modo  in 
plures  di^isas  continen'  per  estimao'o'em aoras  p'  redditn' 

Buabon.  Bedd'  ixd.  ezt\ — Idem  Bobertus  Lloyd  tenet  etiam 
vnam  tenement  u*  et  varias  paroellas  terr'  in  Baabon  nnper  terr* 
Danidis  Lloyd  ap  Dious  et  Joh'is  Danid  filii  sni  avi  prefati 
Bob'ti  Lloyd  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em  daodeoem^oras  per  red- 
ditu'  annnalem  .  .  .1  tenementn'     12    00 

Gowrton.  Bedd'  iiit.  ii^d.  ext'. — Od^enns  Jones  tenet  infra  oppi- 
da'  de  GK)wrton  vnnm  messnaginm  cam  pertinen'  et  qoasnam 
clansnras  terr'  eidem  adiacen'  sine  speotan'  oont'  per  estima- 
c'o'em  viginti  sex  aoras  ant  eo  oirciter  per  redditum  principa- 
lem  annnalem     .  .  .  .  i  messnag*    26    o    o 

Marchweall.  Bedd'i^f.  ii^d.  ext'.^OUaeras  (Joh'es)  Paine  tenet 
infra  oppidum  de  Marchweall  tree  parcellas  terr*  continen'  per 
estimao'o'em  qnataor  acras  per  redditn'  annnalem      .  .400 

Bieston.  Bedd'  v«.  ext'.^Bichardns  Lewes  tenet  infra  oppidnm 
de  Bieston  vnam  messaagiam  cam  pertinen'  et  qnasdam  daa- 
saras  sea  paroellas  terr*  qaara'  prima  vocator  yr  Ithine  Dron 
secanda  y  Kay  banadell  t^rtia  y  vron  Techan  continen'  per  eeti- 
mac'o'em  sezaginta  acras  per  rodditn'  prindpalem  annnalem 

I  messnag* 

Erles.  Bedd'  ijt.  ext'.— Samnel  Price  tenet  in  oppido  de  Erles 
vnn'  messaagia'  et  decem  parcellas  terr*  cum  coram  pertinen' 
eidem  adiaoen'  sine  spectan'  qnara'  prima  vooatar  yr  hewle 
secanda  y  Koyetie  twint  yr  bewole  tertia  Kay  yr  Derwen  quarta 
y  wergioth  qainta  yr  Errowe  goche  sexta  Kay  eythine  septima 


^  Bobert  Lloyd  of  Plas  y  Bada,  in  the  township  of  Mortyn  Angliooram, 
was  the  son  and  heir  (by  Dorothy  his  wife,  daughter  of  Piers  Paleston  of 
Hafod  y  Wern,  Esq.)  of  John  Wynn  Lloyd^  son  of  John  Lloyd  of  Plaa  y 
Badda,  ab  Da?id  Lloyd  ab  Deicws  ab  Madog  ab  Ithel  ab  Ednyfed  ab  Gmf- 
fydd  ab  David  ab  Bhys  Pychan  ab  Bhys  Grag,  lord  of  Ystrad  Tywi,  second 
son  of  Gruffydd  ab  Bhys  ab  Tudwr  Mawr,  Prince  of  South  Wales.     He  mar- 
ried Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Francis  Kynaston  of  Oteley,  near  Ellesmere, 
Esq.,  by  whom  he  had  issue,  three  sons,—Francis,  who  died  without  issue ; 
Bobert,  an  archdeacon  in  Ireland  ;  and  John,  who  died  in  London.    Bobert 
Lloyd  of  Plas  y  Badda  sold  that  place  to  Sir  Thomas  Myddleton  Hen  of 
Chirk  Castle,  Knight,  who  built  a  new  house  there,  now  called  Plas  Newydd» 
or  New  Hall.    Bhys  Ghmg  bore  argent,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed,  langued* 
and  crowned,  gulee.    (Cae  Cyriog  MS. )     Seo  pedigree. 


\ 

ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCxix 

A.   B.   P. 

yr  Errowe  veohan  ootana  y  Koytie  vrthe  Tye  Bichard  Lewis 
nona  y  Koed  bechan  deoima  y  Koytie  vrth  y  ty  oontinen*  per 
eBtimaoVem  vig^nti  acras  aut  eo  oircites  per  redditum  annoa- 
lem  prinoipalem  duora'  solidoni'  que  premiBsa  nuper  fuerant 
terre  Joh'is  Eries  .  .  .  i  xnessuag*    20    o    o 

Dynynlle.  Bedd'  ita.  ezt'. — Johannes  Etton  ^en'  tenet  inira  op- 
pida'  de  Dynynlle  duo  messaagia  oum  suis  pertinen'  eidem  ad  - 
iacen'  sine  spectan'  et  viginti  octo  olansnras  siue  paroellas  terr' 
qnani'  prima  vooatur  Eaye  Maddock  ap  levane  oontinen'  tres 
acras  et  dimid'  seoonda  y  Kay  do  continen'  tree  aeras  et  dimid' 
tertia  Kay  y  g^as  Newydd  continen'  daas  acras  qaarta  Tir  y 
pant  conUnen'  daas  acras  qainta  y  Kae  hirrion  continen'  tres 
acras  et  dimid'  sezta  Erow  yr  Kocksyt  continen'  anam  acram 
septima  yr  Erw  ^ed  continen'  daas  acras  octava  y  Kefu'  drea- 
nioge  continen'  daas  acras  et  dimid'  nona  Kae  gronw  continen' 
daas  acras  et  dimid'  decima  yr  Erwi  continen'  tres  acras  vnde- 
cima  yr  Erw  wrth  y  ty  continen'  vnam  acram  daodecima  Per- 
Yeisidd  contin'  sex  acras  13  Capell  KoUen  continen' vnam  acram 
14  y  vron  continen'  vnam  acram  15  yr  Erw  y  gwr  Lloyd  oonti* 
nen' dimid' acre  16  Bron  chwithin  continen'  dimid'  acre  17  Errow 
armon  continen'  dimid'  acre  18  Erw  Ko^^l  Kwmpas  continen' 
dimid'  acre  19  Erw  howeU  continen'  vnam  acram  20  Kay  y  gog- 
ridd  continen'  daas  acras  21  Kay  levan  Tbill.e  continen'  daas 
acras  et  dimid'  22  dole  y  Kefn  continen'  date  acras  et  dimid' 
23  yr  Erow  fain  continen'  dimid'  acre  24  yr  Erw  wrth  y  ty  con- 
tinen' dimid'  acre  25  y  dolydd  continen'  qaataor  acras  26.y  bron- 
ydd  continen'  vnam  acram  et  dimid'  27  y  Kay  tan  y  ty  conti- 
nen' daas  acraa  et  dimid'  per  redditam  principalem  annualem      57    o    o 

S'm'  Bedd'  libora'  tenen'  §  zxvli.  j«.  vd.  ob. 

4  Eliz.  §  zzvli.  v\j«.  ii^d.  ob. 

yjdi.  Thomas  Powell  p'  terr*  lib'is  yjdi. 


ISCOYD  MANERIU*. — ^TENENTES  PER  DIMISSIONES. 

Fo.  27. 


CHBI8TI0NETH    KENBICK. 

Bedd'  xiigd.  ezt'«  about  i  y.  in  being. — Bichardus  ap  Edward 
tenet  ynum  cottagia'  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  gard'  et  crofb'  adiaoen' 
continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  txyjs,  vigd.      130 

Bedd'  xzd.  ext',  about  i  y.  in  being. — le'nn  ap  Shone  tenet  vnu' 
cottagia'  yoc'  Kay  Biohan  seprat'  Montem  gard'  et  duo  dausa 
p'  estimac'o'em  .....        xxx«.      220 

Bedd'  iy«.  ijd.,  about  one  y.  in  being  in  all  theis  three. — Agnes 
Yx*  Bandle  tenet  ib'm  vnu'  cottagia'  vocat'  Kay  Fynnon  et  tria 
dausa  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em      .  .  xU.      410 

This  should  bee  8  acres,  late  manany  viz.  le'nn. 


CCCXX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


EUYABON. 


A.    B.  % 


Baabon.  Bedd'  Tjd.  ext'  ad  volunt'. — Edwardas  Etton  Armiger 
tenet  de  terr*  naper  Bicei  ap  Dauid  ap  Tuddur  Tiiam  peciam 
terr*  in  Bayabon  ad  volontat'  p'  estimac'o'em  •         ii\j<.      020 

SUTTON. 

Sutton.  Bedd'  ir^s.^d.  ext'.  No  lease  showed. — Edwardas  Brongh- 
ton  miles  tenet  dao  clans*  terr*  rnde  vna'  vocat'  E^ay  Hoell'  p' 
eetimac'o'em       .  •  .  •  •  .220 

Alia'  dans'  vocat'  Kay  bagh  arabil'  in  clans'  vocat'  Akre  Warwick 
p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .  .  .220 

Bedd'  ij8,  ii^d.  No  lease  showed. — Idem  tenet  vnn'  d'm  vocat' 
le  Wenner  in  Ceaenny  meadowe  p'  est'         .  •     '         .120 

luj«.  ii\)a.  620 
Button  Deffeth.    Bedd'  t«.  xd.  ext'.    No  copie  showed  4  Eliz. 

Vide  pag.  sequen'  et  fols.  265  and  266.   Expired  about  7  y.  since. 

— Bichardus  ap  Bobert  tenet  vnum  horreu'  et  al'  edifioia  gard' 

curtelag*  et  vnu'  claus'  adiac'  p'  estimac'o'em  xxxiijs.  ii^^.      520 

Bedd'  yt.  vd.  ext*.    No  cop'  showed  4  Eliz. — Bogerus  Boydon 

Armige'  tenet  vnu'  claus'  vocat'  Kay  Newydd  Tcha  p'  estimat'  200 
Vn*  dans'  vocat'  Kay  Aa  p'  estimac'o'em  .  •  .200 

xxxigx.  ii^d.      400 
Bedd'  y«.  ext'  ad  volunt'^  expired  7  y.  since. — Johannes  ap  Bobert 

tenet  vn'  claus'  pasture  ad  voluntatem  p'  estimac'o'em        t^s.      200 

Ad  Tolunt'.    Bedd'  xj«.  ext'. — Bogerus  Boydon  tenet  duas  p'cias 

clausur*  terr'  arabil'  iacen'  in  orien'  parte  tenement!  nuper 

Johannis  Bodon  Armiger  de  Sutton  oontinen'  p'  estimac'o'em         200 

Sex  seliones  terr*  vocat'  Ddole  vcha  p'  est'        .  .  .010 

Unam  parcellam  terr*  in  Ddole  issa  p'  est'        .  .120 

xxxs.      330 

This  was  sometymes  John  William  ap  Madock. 

Sutton.  Bedd'  \|d.  super  vastum. — Bobertus  John  tenet  vnum 
cotagiu'  super  vast'  arentat'  de  novo  p'  estimac'o'em  t«.      002 

Bedd'  iJit,  jd.  ext',  expired  7  y.  since  ext*. — Johannes  ap  Bobert^ 
tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  iuxta  Streete  y  Brenyn  gard'  et  claua' 
adiacen'  cum  croft'  p'  estimac'o'em  xxxvjs.  vi^jd.      300 

Sutton.  Bedd'  vs.  ^d.  ext',  expired  about  7  y.  since.— Bichardus 
ap  Bobert^  tenet  de  terre  nuper  Boberti  ap  Dauid  ap  Bichard 
contin'  p'  est'      .....        zxx<.     400 

1  John  Boberts  of  Esdusham  was  the  eldest  son  of  Bobert  ab  Bichard  ab 
David  ab  Bichard  ab  lolyn  ab  leuan  Foel  ab  Madog  Goch  ab  Madog,  eighth 
son  of  leuaf  ab  Niniaf  ab  Gynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Srmine,  a  lion  rampant 
sable,  armed  and  langued  gules.    (HarL  MSS.  1972,  2299.) 

'  Bichard  Hobei'ts  of  Dinhinlle  Uchaf  was  the  second  son  of  the  before 
named  Bobert  ab  Bichard  ab  David. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXxi 

A.  S.   p. 

Redd'  Ts.  yd.  ezV. — Idem  BichardnB  ap  Bobert  tenet  vnum  ten*- 
tum  gard'  et  cartels g*  cum  tribns  daasis  adiaoen'  p*  estima- 
c'o*em  nuper  Bos  ap  Daoid  ap  Bic'  .  .  rb.      400 

Sutton.    Bedd'  va.  ext',  expired  about  7  7.  since. — Idem  tenet 
vnum  horreu*cum  clauso  nunc  diuiss'  in  duo  vocat' Akre  issa  p' 
est*       ......        xxxs.      320 

Bedd'  xij«.  viijd.,  p't  of  xiiijs.  ext'  vjd.— Bogerus  Bodon  Armiger 

tenet  vn'  daus'  terr*  arabil*  vocat*  Kay  Newith  p'  estimat'  .  700 
Sutton,  29  y.  in  being. — In  campo  vocat*  Akre  Warwick  p'  est*  .  200 
Un'  al*  dausum  vocat*  Kay  Newith  vcha  continen'  p*  estimac'  .  720 
Un*  daus*  arabil*  adiacen*  vocat*  Akre  buryon  p*  estimac'o'em  ,  300 
Un*  al*  daus*  adiacen*  vocat*  Akre  Gannol  p*  estimac*o*em  5.20 

Un'  daus'  pastur*  vocat*  Akre  Deon  p'  est*  .  .800 

Un*  daus'  arrabil*  vocat*  Akre  Deon  p*  est*       .  .200 

De  vasto. — Unam  parvam  peciam  incrochiat  de  vast'  iuxta  viam 
ib*m      .  .  .  •  •  •  •  .      o    o  30 

»yK.    35    2  30 
This  in  the  last  survey  was  but  thirteene  acres. 

Sutton.  Bedd*  v^d.  ext*,  29  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  in  Sutton 
n*  in  tenur*  Will'i  Dodd  p*  estimao*o*em  tkb.      420 

Bedd*  iiij«.  v^.  ext*,  about  29  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  unu*  clau- 
sum  pastur'  yocat'  Kay  John  ap  Ll'en  iacen'  iuxta  Kay  Newydd 
vcha  continen*  p*  estimac'o'em        .  .  .  .320 

Un*  croft*  adiacen*  vocat'  Horsan  p*  estimat'    .  .100 

XXX5.      420 

Sutton.  Bedd'  ijd.  ext'>  super  vastum. — Owinus  Dodd  tenet  in 
Villa  de  Sutton  vnam  peciam  terr*  cum  pristrino  super  edific* 
per  estimac*o*em  ad  voluntatem  .  iijt,  ii^d.      003 

Sutton.  Bedd*  ijd,  exi*,  super  vastum. — Lodouicus  ap  Edward 
tenet  vnum  cot'  super  yastum  nunc  arentat*  continen*  per  esti- 
mac'o*em  .  .  «  .  .         ii\js.      003 

Bedd*  yjd.  ext\  de  vasto  d'm. — Edwardus  Broughton  miles  tenet 
vnam  peciam  vast*  non  longe  a  dom*  ss*  mansion*  vocat*  Wayn 
vidian  p'  est*       .  .  .  .  .020 

Bedd*3js.  ii\jd.  ext*. — Idem  Edwardus  Broughton  tenet  tria  daus* 
iuxta  dom*  ss*  mansionalem  per  Biuulum  Dee  vocat*  Kay  Meriog 
p*  est*   .  .  .  .  .  *  .600 

xU.      620 
Bedd*  ii\j«.  ext',  about  18  y.  in  being. — Johannes  Caudey  Armiger^ 
tenet  in  do'  vocat'  Grody  Newydd  al's  Tan  y  Fordd  per  estim'      120 


^  One  of  his  descendants,  Bobert  Cawley  of  Gwersyllt  Uchaf,  died  in  1688. 
Margaret,  his  eldest  daughter  and  heir,  married  Thomas  Humberston  of 
HoUt.  Their  son,  Cawley  Humberston  Cawley,  married,  in  1731,  Anne,  sister 
and  coheir  of  William  Bobinson  of  Gwersyllt  and  Monachdy,  and  was  High 
Sheriff  for  co.  Denbigh  in  1739,  and  died  in  July  1745,  and  was  buried  at 
Gresford.    His  son,  John  Humberston  Cawley,  was  High  Sheriff  in  1776. 

2q 


F 


CCCXXU  ORIGIN  AX  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    B.  P. 


Bentall  more  then  the  former  in  the  Suryey  xdi. — Tenet  et  ynum 
clausum  de  escaet'  cum  cota^  snperedifice  et  gard'  p'  eetimac'       220 

xzyjs.  Ti^d.      300 

Sutton.  Bedd*  iiij<.  ext*,  escheate,  28  y.  in  being. — Inhabitantea 
villsB  de  Satton  tenet  vnam  peciam  terr*  vast'  siue  communiam 
vocat'  Sutton  Greene  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .     zxxvjs.      600 

Sutton.  Bedd'  z^d.  ezt*,  38  7.  in  being. — Thomas  Eyton  tenet 
vnnm  cottagium  gard'  et  vnum  crofbnm  adiacen'  oontinen'  p' 
estimac'o'em        .  .  .  z«.      i    o   0 

Sutton.  It  was  at  will,  without  copie^  4  Eliz.  Bedd'  zzd.  ezt', 
21  y.  in  being. — WiU'mus  ap  Hugh  ap  Griffith  tenet  vnum  tene- 
mentum  in  Sutton  g^eene  gard'  et  pomar'  multis  arboribns  po- 
mar'  replet'  cum  quatnor  crofta  adiaoen'  p'  estimac'o'em  400 

Duas  claus'  terr*  arabil'  iacen'  ex  austral'  parte  via  vocat'  Kay 
goz  vcha  et  issa  p'  estimac'o'em  .500 

Bedd'  yd.  —  Jo'n  Lloyd  ten'  vn'  cotag'  curt'  et  pom'  ou'  croft'  adi- 
acen'  p'  estimac'o'em        .  .  .  .      o   o  20 

iiij  li.      9    0  20 
No  lease  showed.    Bedd'  v\js.  vjd,  ext'.—  Edwardus  Broughton 

miles  tenet  vnu'  ten'ti  pomar'  et  gard'  cum  claus'  adiacen'  p' 
estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .  .  .130 

Duas  alias  clausur'  vocat'  Hyrdire  et  Erw  gron'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  300 
In  campo  vocat'  Akre  Warwick  duas  seliones  per  estimac'o'em  020 

xl«.      500 

Bedd'  v«.  ii^d.  ezt'. — Tenet  et  vnu'  claus'  pastur*  vocat'  Gweme 
Lowell  in  Sutton  quondam  de  terr'  Griffith  Lloyd  p'  estima- 
c'o'em ......       zziij<.      300 

Bedd'  iij«.  vi^d.  ezt'. —Tenet  et  parcellam  decem  air'  terr*  nuper 
Will'mi  ap  John  Griffith  p'  estim'   .  .  xi^s.  mjd.      200 

Bedd'  Yujd.  ezt'. — Will'mus  Dodd  et  Owinus  Dodd  tenent  vnam 
peciam  terr'  iuzta  pen  y  bont  p'  estimac'o'em  .020 

Ezpired  about  7  y.  since. — In  claus'  Owini  Dodd  vocat'  Bryn  Velyn 
duas  seliones  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .020 

z.\ijs.  ii^d.      200 
Bedd'  zzd.  ezt'. — ^Edwardus  Pnleston  tenet  de  terr*  nuper  Bici  ap 

Bichard  ap  lenkyn  in  Dutton  Diffaithe  parcell'  octo  acraru'  p' 

estimac'o'em       ....  zi^x.  iiijd.      200 

Dutton  Deffeth  et  Sutton. — Bichardus  ap  Bobert  tenet  vnu'  tene- 

mentu'  gardin'  pomar'  et  croft'  adiacen'  p'  estimat'     .  .200 

Ezpired  about  10  y.  since. — In  daus'  vocat'  Byrthire  p'  estimac*  200 
Bedd'  ziy«.  vd.  ezt'. — Un'  claus'  iuzta  cemiterii  Capellse  de  Is- 

coyd  vocat'  Kay  Hillo  cum  parva  pecia  infira in  toto  p'  est*      230 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Coed  tan  y  tye  p'  est'  .  .  .200 

Un'  claus'  terr'  arabil'  iuxta  streete  y  Brynyn  p'  estimac'o'em  .  130 
In  Grodyer  vnam  longam  selionem  vocat'  le  Longe  but  p'  est'  .  o  2  20 
Idem  tenet  in  eodem  Campo  vn'  al'  selion'  p'  estimac'o'em  .      o   o  20 

In  medio  Campo  vocat'  Yerworth  velyn  p'  estimac'o'em  ss'  liber 

p'  estimac'o'em   .  .  .120 

vijK.    13    I    0 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXXlll 

A.     B.     P. 

Datton  Deffeth.  Bedd'  ujg.  ext'  ad  yolaIlt^  expired  about  7  y. 
since. — Edwardns  Broughton  tenet  vnam  claus'  vocat*  Kay 
Croom  ad  yoluntat'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .200 

Tenet  et  D'nus  dausur'yoc'  Bearedd  hyre  vcha  in  Dutton  Deffeth 
per  estimat'        .  .  .  .  .  .220 


xxx«.  420 
Dutton,  expired  about  7  y.  since. — Edwai'dus  Wright  tenet  vnum 

tenementu'  pomariu'  gard'  curtehig*  et  croft'  p*  estimac'o'em  .  020 
Un'  claus'  adiacen'  pomar*  p*  estimat'  .  .  .220 

Bedd'  xiij«.  vjd.  ext*. — Un'  claus'  terr'  arabil'  iuxta  viam  dacen' 

a  Bangor  vers'  Holte  p'  eetimao'o'em  .  .  .300 

Aliu'  olaus'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .      1    o  20 

Duo  clans'  ex  parte  bor'i  Occident'  parte  vise  per  estimac'o'em  320 

Duo  aV  claus'  in  Oobham  Iscoyd  quorum  vnu'  iac'  in  Le  Werne 

Vaghan  et  al'  per  prat'  Constabular*  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .200 

CX8.     12    2  20 

Sutton.  Bedd'  iujd.  super  vastnm  ext'. — Sara  Madock  impetra- 
uit  licentiam  edificand'  cotag'  ex  assensu  et  petio'o'e  habitantiu' 
de  Dutton  Deffeth  in  loco  idoneo  absque  nocumento  vulgar'  et 
dabit  de  redd'  vt  notatur  ante         .... 

Bedd'  xxvj«.  vd. — Johannes  Taylor  et  Kenricus  Eyton  tenet  de 
terris  nuper  Edwardi  Trevo'  Armiger  in  Dutton  Diffaith  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em .....  Ixs.      810 

Bedd'  rvjd.  ext'. — Ed«7ardus  ap  John  ap  Edward  tenet  vnam 
peciam  terr*  in  Datton  Diffaith  per  estimac'o'em  ^'3.  vi^jd.       100 

Bedd'  J.8.  y^d.  ob.  ext'. — Edwardus  Broughton  miles  tenet  vn' 
messuagiu'  et  tres  clausur*  pastur'  nuper  Boberti  ap  Bandle  et 
al'  p'  estimat'      ....  Ixvjs.  vi\j(2.      8    o    o 

Dutton  Diffaith.  Bedd'  y«.  xd.  ext',  expired  about  7  y.  since,  vpon 
him  in  this  ynpay  then  rentall,  xy^jd. — Bichardns  ap  Bobert 
tenet  ynum  ten'tu'  iacen'  in  Streete  yadock  ap  HoeU  cum  cur- 
telag'  et  pomar'  p'  estimac'o'em      .  .  .  .      o    o  10 

Tres  clausur*  terr*  yocat'  Winfield  p'  est'  .  .320 

xxxys.      3    2  10 

Bedd'  iiijs.  yiijd.  ext',  add  ijdi.  p'  ext'  rentale.— Vid'  Hugonis  ap 

Thomas  tenet  ynum  tenementu'  gard'  et  pomar'  cum  duobus 

paryis  croft'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .020 

Duo  crofba  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em    .  .  ..200 

Duo  aV  claus'  adiacen'  yocat'  Winfield  p'  estimac'o'em   .  .230 

xxxiiJ5.  ii\jd.      310 
Bedd'  xx^jd.  ext'. — Edwardus  Broughton  miles  tenet  in  Dutton 
Diffaith  unu'  claus'  per  estim'         .  .  .         xvj«.      100 

Sir  Edward  Broughton's  landes  and  rentes  are  so  confounded 
as  the  certaintie  of  eyther  can  not  be  trulie  reconciled. 

Bedd'  ijn.  vjd. — Idem  tenet  ib'm  per  estimac'o'em  .        xi^s.      200 

.  Dutton  Diffeth.     Bedd'  iiijs.  ext'.  Part  of  the  rent  of  Jo.  Will'ms, 
expired  9  y.  since. — Bichardus  ap  Bobert  tenet  de  terr'  nuper 


CCCXXiv  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    B.   F. 


Will'm  ap  Griffith  yna*  olaua'  vocat'  "Kbj  yr  Bethlen  p*  eetima« 

c'o'em  ......     Jxiiijc.      300 

Dutton  Diflfeth,  expired  aboat  8  7.  since.    Bedd'  yi\]«.  jd.  exf . — 
Johannes  William  ap  John  Griffith  tenet  ynnm  tenementam 
horrea'  cam  tribu'  clauB*  vnde  ynum  vocat'  Kaj  Ter worth  vcha 
secunda  Kay  Yerworth  gannoU  tertiu'  Kay  Yerworth  issa  sic 
nunc  diviss'  ez  vn'  continen'  in  toto  per  estimac'o'em  910 

In  campo  vocat'  Windemill  field  octo  seliones  per  estimac'o'em    .      020 
In  campo  Edwardi  Bronghton  militia  clamat  tenere  qiiatuor  seli- 
ones p'  est'  .  .  .  .030 

In  campo  vocat'  y  grodyer  nuper  terr*  Will'i  Madock  duaa  selionee 
p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .      o    o  20 

In  campo  vocat'  Grodyer  Bichardi  ap  Bobert  duas  seliones  p'  est'       010 
In  campo  vocat'  Groyer  Willimi  ap  John  Griffith  duas  seliones  per 
estimat'  .  .  .  .      o    o  20 

In  do'  vocat'  yr  luron  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  -.030 

In  campo  vocat'  Grodyer  William  John  Ghnff'  per  estimac'o'em  020 

In  campo  vocat'  Grodyer  vcha  vn'  selion'  per  estimac'o'em  .      o    o  20 

Un'  claus'  vocat'  Kay  Yerworth  p'  iestimat'       .  .  .100 


Yjli,  xi^«.  iigd.     13     i  20 
Lease  expired  about  8  years  since. 

Bedd'  xvd.  exf. — Tenet  et  quatuor  seliones  in  le  Grodyer  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em .  .  .    jj».  vjd.      020 

Datton  Diffeth.  Bedd'  i^'«.  vi^d.  exf.  No  lease  showed. — £d- 
wardus  Broughton  miles  tenet  vnnm  claus'  iuxta  fluuiu'  Dee 
vocaf  ystyn  Goodford  al's  Werne  Goodford  p'  estimac'o'em      .      200 

Tenet  et  vn'  praf  nup'  Bob'ti  ap  D'd  ap  Bichard  p'  estimac'o'em       200 

Duas  clausur'  vocaf  pull  et  Gwirglodd  puUo  p'  estimac'o'em        .      220 


xlig«.  ii\]a.      620 
No  lease  showed^  but  they  say  there  are  about  21  y.  in  being. 
Bedd'  ii\j#.  ijd.  exf. — Bichardus  Leighton  Armiger  tenet  vnum 
tenementu'  gard'  pomar'  et  quinq'  claur'  terr'  sicut  nunc  diuisee 
existen'  et  nuper  Johannis  Mathewe  postea  Edwardi  Broughton 
militis  cum  parcell'  terr*  incrochiaf  de  via  triginta  p'tic'  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em in  toto  .  .  Ixvjs.  viyd.       6     i  lo 
Sutton.    Bedd'  x^'d.  exf,  expired  about   13  y.  since. — Johannes 
MinBhaw  tenet  de  terr'  Joh'is  ap  Dauid  ap  John  Gittin  p'  esti- 
mat'      .....  vjs.  vi^'d.       100 
Bedd'vjd.  ob.  ad  volunf . — Bobertus  Wynn  tenet  vel  nuper  tenuit 
vna'  parcellam  terr'  p'  estimac^o'em               .               .         i^j«.      020 

CACADUTTON. 

Cacadutton,  expired  about  7  y.  since.  No  copie  showed,  4  Eiia. 

Bedd'  Y^a.  ixd.  exf. — Edwardus  ap  Dauid  tenet  vnu'  ootag' 

pomar'  et  gard'  p'  estimac'o'em      .  .               .               .005 

Un*  claus'  pasture  vocaf  p'  est'  .               •       i     3    o 

TJn'  al'  claus'  vocaf  p'  esf    .               .  .                              -'30 

Aliud  claus'  vocaf  p'  esf     .               .  .               .100 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


CCCXXV 


44    o    o 


300 


▲.  B.  P. 

Un*  al'  olauB'  vocat'  Kay  tyle  p'  est'  .  .  .120 

Tin'  croft'  ioxta  cotag'  p'  est'  .  .  '  .020 

In  campo  vooat*  Kay  Mawr  de  prat'  et  arabilis  p'  estimao'o'em  120 

iiyu.      800 
Bedd'zxvjs.  vd.,  i  life  in  being,  oat  of  the  oomposition. — Edwardas 

(Owenus)  Breerton  gen'  duran*  rita  tenet  terr*  vocat'  park  y 

coming  per  est'  demesne  in  mense  .      xi^lt.  vj«.  Ti^d. 

Button  Deffeth  et  Sutton. — Edwardus  Puleston  Armiger  tenet 

▼num  tenementu'  gard'  ourtelag'  et  olaus'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'  . 
Bedd'  js.  viyd.,  about  i  y.  in  being. — ^Un' olaus'  ¥ocat'  Kay  y  Argoy 

p'estimat'  ...... 

Un'  clans'  adiacen'  vocat'  y  weme  p'  est' 

Un'  daus'  Yocat'  Kay  Uedan  p'  estimat' 

About  7  y.  in  being. — In  subbosc'  ib'm  p'  estimac'o'em 

Bedd'  xxxs.  viyd.  ezt'. — Duo  daus'  pastur*  vocat'  Weme  nunc  in 

duobus  cu'  subbosds  in  prodiuite  mentis  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  crofli  vocaf  Kay  begzy  vichan  p'  est' 
Un'  dausum  arabile  yocat'  Kay  fg  p'  est' 
Un'  al'  claus'  adiacen'  dom'  Mansional'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Duas  dausur*  vocat'  Snapps  p'  estimac'o'em     . 
Cacadutton.    Bedd'  vjs.  ii\jd.,  28  y.  in  being  ezt'. — Tenet  et  terr* 

in  Cackadutton  nuper  Hugonis  Puliston  vocat'  Kay  U'en  Taylor 

p'  estim'  ...... 


I 

2 

3 
o 

3 

2 

2 
2 
2 


2  o 

o  o 

2  O 

1  O 

2  O 
O  O 
2  O 

0  O 

1  O 


410 


zg  li.  z«.    26    3    o 
iy«.  iigd. — Edwardus  Pulestons  rent  is  more  in  the  rentall 
then  surveyed  by  iij«.  iigdi.  ob. 
Dutton  Deffeth.    Bedd'  zv\j«.  i\jd.  ezt'.    No  lease  showed. — Hen- 
ricus  Salisbury  miles^  tenet  vnu'  ten'tu'  pomariu'  orofb'  et  cur- 
telag'  in  loco  vocat'  Streete  y  garthin  c^ard'  et  vnu'  clans'  adia- 
cen' p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .  .320 
Un'  daus'  ez  opposit'  stirile  p'  estimat'             .               .               .400 
Duo  croft'  adiacen'  Dom'  p'  estimac'o'em           .                               .120 
Tria  alia  claus'  in  Austral'  parte  vie  vocat'  street  y  garthyn  p'  est'      330 


Cacadutton.  Bedd'  iz<.  ezt',  about  21  y.  in  being.— Thomas  Powell 
tenet  vnu'  tenementu'  iuzta  venell'  gard'  et  quatuor  clausis  terr' 
adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em    .... 

Un'  prat'  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em       .  .  . 

ugs.  u\ja 

Bedd'  z\jd.  ezt'.— Thomas  Goldsmith  generos'  tenet  de  pred' 

p'  estimac'o'em   .....         hija 


vjli.     12    3    o 


4 
1 


2 
o 


o 
o 


520 
200 


^  Sir  Henry  Salusbury  of  Llyweni,  Knight,  was  created  a  Baronet  on 
November  i8th,  1619.  He  married  Hester,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Myddle- 
ton  of  Chirk  Castle,  Knight.  His  ddest  son,  Thomas,  succeeded  him  in  his 
title,  which  afterwards  became  eztinct  at  the  death  of  his  grandson.  Sir  John 
Salusbury,  the  third  Baronet.  Gules,  a  lion  rampant  argent,  crowned  or, 
inter  three  crescents  of  the  second. 


CCCXXVl  ORIGINAL   DOCUMENTS. 


A.  S.  P. 


Cacadntton.  Bedd*  vs.  vjd.  ext'  ad  volant'. — Johannos  ap  John 
D'd  Powell  tenet  vna'  cottagiam  iuzta  viam  vocat'  Crach  Sho- 
kyn  Lane  cum  clous'  adiacen'  p'  estimao'o'em  xzvjs.  viQd.      200 

Bedd'  xiijjf.  iiijd.  ezt'  ad  volant*.  Escheat,  q.  de  hoc. — Johannes 
Lloyd  ap  Richard^  tenet  vnu'  horreu'  cam  daobus  claas'  adiacen' 
vocat'  tyre  sete  voha  et  tyre  sete  issa  et  prat'  vocat'  Wirglodd 
tyre  sete  p'  estimat'  in  toto  .  U\j«.  uijd,      700 

This  shoald  bee  14  acres,  bat  it  is  bat  seauen. 

B6dd'\j«.  izd. — Edwardas  ap  Daaid  tenet  aat  nap'  tenait  vn' 
dans'  terr*  vocat' p'  estim'  .  xi^«.  ii\i^.      200 

Cacadatton.  Bedd'  vi^d.  ext.,  id.  more.  No  lease  of  this.  Add  id. 
— Will'mas  et  Thomas  Piers  tenet  conianct'm  vnam  parcellam 
terr'  arabil'  in  Mayes  William  Eton  partem  maner  de  Eglosegle 
p'  estimao'o'em  .....         viy<.      o    2  20 
They  have  a  copie  of  a  sarrender.    Ko  lease. 

Bedd'  igs.  iigd.  ad  volant',  no  copie  before  the  lease,  ezt',  aboat 
7  y.  since  expired. — ^Will'mus  Piers  tenet  vnum  dans'  terr' vocat' 
Kay  clabb  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .  .120 

Sex  seliones  terr*  in  Eglosegle  in  Campo  vooat'  Mayes  Will'm  Eton 
per  estimao'o'em  .  .  .  .100 

Paid  to  the  Bailiff  of  Egleseagle.  xxs.      220 

Cacadatton,  expired  aboat  7  y.  since,  ad  volant'. — Yidaa  Lodoaici 
Meredith  tenet  vna'  tenementa'  cam  gardino  et  daobus  croft' 
adiac'  p'  estimao'o'em  .  .  .110 

Duas  seliones  adiacen'  in  clauso  vocat'  Mayes  Will'm  Eton  p'  est'      010 
Bedd'  iiiid.  ext'. — Eadem  tenet  vna'  pec'  vast'  indus'  ante  dom'  s' 
p'  estimao'o'em   .  .  .  .       o    o  20 

xx<.       I     2  20 
Bedd'  y«.  xd.  ext'  ad  volant'. — Johannes  Dauies  de  Erliot'  tenet 
vnu'  pratum  nuper  Johannis  ap  John  ap  Bichard  ap  leu'n  ap 
Daaid  iacen'  in  Austral'  parte  vie  ducen'  versus  Hulington  ad 
volnntat'  p'  estimao'o'em  .  xxvjs.  vi^d.       120 

Byeston.    Bedd'  ujs.  ^d.  ext',  about  18  y.  in  being.    Cobham  Is- 
coyde. — Johannes  Dauies  generos'  tenet  vnum  claus*  vocat'  Tyre 
Blethyn  in  Cacadatton  nuper  Hoell  ap  Dauid  ap  Ithell  p'  est'  .      300 
Idem  tenet  vnum  prat'  perquisit'  de  d'd  Speede  gen'  p'  estimac'  .       100 

xxxs.      400 

Bedd'  iJ8.  viijd.  ext'. — Heres  Thome  ap  William  ap  John  tenet 
unam  peoiam  prati  in  Colson  ad  voluntat'  p'  estimac'  vjs.  vi^d.      020 

Bedd'  ii\js.  ext'. — Jana  Jerard  vidua  tenet  vel  nuper  tenuit  vnum 
daus'  terr*  vocat'  Three  Acres  ad  volunt'  p'  est*        xxvjs.  vi^jd.       300 

Cacadutton.  Bedd' vijd.  ext',  about  2  y.  in  being. — Biohardus 
Vernon  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terr*  in  Cacadutton  vocat'  Kay 
Biohan  p'  estimat'  ....        vg«.      100 

^  John  Lloyd  ab  Bichard  of  Coed  Christionydd  and  Ty  Cerrig. 

'  John  Davies  of  Erlys  or  Erlisham,  ab  Bichard  ab  David  ab  Howd  ab 
Edward  Puleston  ab  Madog  Paleston,  second  son  of  Bobert  Puleston  of  Eme- 
rallt.   Argent,  on  a  bend  sable  three  mullets  of  the  fidd,  for  Madog  Puleston. 


ORIGINAL  DOClBfENTS. 

Bedd'  vs.  ii\jd.  ezt*.—  Randall  Thomas  Palford  tenet  vnu'  olaasum 
terr'  iac*  iaxta  venellam  vocat'  Crachshokin  Lane  continen*  p* 
estimac'o'em        ...... 

Un'  clans'  adiacent'  vocaV multis  quercis  replet'  p'  estimac' 

Un'  olaus*  iaoen'  juzta  veneUam  dncen*  ab  Iscoyde  vers*  Wrexham 
flaoio  peroarrent  in  Medio  vnde  p's  occiden'  iacet  in  Bieston  p' 
estimac'o*em       ...... 

zla. 
Bedd'  ij8.  xd.  eiV. — Johannes  (jK)ngh  tenet  in  daus'  vocat'  Kay 

Mawr  p'  eetimac'o'em  zi\js.  iii^'d. 

Cacadutton.    Bedd'  ^s.  ii\jd.  ext',  about  i  7.  in  being.-^Hug^o 

Fletcher  tenet  clans'  vocat'  Kay  Mawr  p'  estim'  v\j«.  vjd. 

GOWBTON    ISCOYD. 

Ad  volant'.  Bedd'  v«.  jd.  ext'. — Owinus  Jones  generos'  tenet  vnu' 
tenementu'  iuzta  Parke  y  Gonynge  in  ocoupao'one  Owini  Griffith 
cnrtelag'  et  croft'  sapra  tenementu'  per  estimao'o'em 

Un'  claus'  adiacen'  vocat'  Erw  gyvron  p'  estimao'o'em    . 

Un'  croft'  vocat'  Kay  tan  y  ty  p'  estimat' 

Un'  clans'  stiril'  vocat'  Bawley  p'  estimat' 

In  Gampo  vocat'  Mayes  vcha  p'  estimat' 


CCCXXVU 

A.   B.    ¥. 


1X9 


ETON. 


Bedd'  viijs.  ext'. — Jerardus  Eton  tenet  de  terr'  nuper  Thome  ap 
Hoell  iacen'  iuzta  partum  de  Eton  in  terr*  arrabil'  et  boscos'  p' 
est         ..•«••  xio. 

BYESTON    ISCOYD. 

Cacadutton  et  Byeston.    Bedd'  vs,  ii\jd.  ext'»  about  21  y.  in  being. 
Thomas  ap  John  Griffith  tenet  vnum  cotagiu'  et  vnum  daus' 
terr'  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  Wilcock  per  estimao'o'em 
Un'  al'  claus'  vocat'  Kay  Wilcock  adiacen'  p'  estimac'o'em 
Un'  daus'  bon'  pastor*  adiacen'  vocat'  Kay  vioha  p'  estimac'o'em 

xlvjs.  viyd. 

Bedd'  V8,  ext'. — Johannes  Dauies  de  Erlyes  generos'  tenet  vnum 
dausum  terr'  iuxta  venellam  ducen'  a  holte  versus  Wrexham 
vocat'  Akre  Bobert  p'  estimat'  cum  terr'  boscos'  .  xls. 

Byeston.  Bedd'  ii^'d.  ext',  ad  volunt'. — Owinus  Jones  generos' 
tenet  de  terr*  quondam  Johannis  ap  leu'n  ap  Dauid  ad  volun- 
tatem  vnam  parcellam  terr'  per  estimac'o'em  .         x\j«. 

Bedd'  7jd.  ezt'. — Thomas  ap  Madock  tenet  vd  nap'  tenuit  vnum 
cotagiu'  et  parcell'  terr'  adiacen'  in  longitud'  quatuor  virgat'  p' 
est'       .....  vj».  vigd. 

Bedd'  zd.  ezt',  expired  about  5  y.  since. — Bogerus  Thomas  tenet 
vnu'  daus'  iuxta  Parke  y  Conyng  p'  estimac'o'em        .         vijt. 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ext'  ad  volunt'. — Owinus  Jones  generos'  vt'  de  ten' 
nup'  Dauidis  ap  Bichard  et  Dylie  vx'  John  vx'  eius  tenent  vnum 
tenementu'  gardinn'  et  pomarin'  p'  estimac'o'em        .  zi«. 


I 
I 


2  o 
2  o 


200 
500 

120 

100 


200 

I  3  o 
100 
320 
020 

830 


620 


120 
100 
320 

600 


500 

120 

004 
100 

020 


CCCXXViii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  IL  p. 


Duttoii  Deff^b,  lo  acr',  8  of  thia  waa  held  w'tont  oop*4  Blie., aboat 
2ri  y.  in  being. — Owinus  Jonee  ante  dictuB  tenet  Tnum  dausum 

iozta  tenementu'  arabil'  vocat  Messa  ty  continen'  p'  eetimac*   .  320 

Un'  dans'  pastnr'  stiril'  vooat'  Kay  Dragve  per  estimac'o'em        .  400 
Bedd'zxTi\}s.ezt'. — Un'olaos'stirilis  nnnc  in  tria  dinis'  cum  ootag* 

super  ecUfic'  p'  estimac'o*em  .  .  .  .220 

Un'  al'  daus'  genistos'  adiaoen'  vocat'  birdir  y  lloyn  p'  estimao'  .  220 

Aliu'  daus'  diuis'  in  duo  vocat'  y  girddy  p'  estimac'o'em               .  200 

Duas  dausur*  genistos'  vocat'  Kay  lloyn  per  estimac'o'em            .  620 

vjZi.  J3IJS.  liiid.    21    o  0 
Byeston.    Bedd'  vs.  ext'.    See  Villa  Leonu'  for  tbia.    Laurentina 
Wells  tenet  vnu'meaauag'  infra  Francbesiam  YillBB  Leonu' nuper 
teir'  Petri  Bodon  ..... 

BUTTON. 

Bedd'  y«.  ext'. — Tbomas  ap  Bicbard  beredes  vel  assignat'  Joban- 
nis  ap  Edward  ap  Dauid  ap  Madoc  tenet  vel  nuper  tenuit  vnam 
paroellam  terre  in  Buyton  p'  estimac'o'em    .  xxiy«.  ii\id.      300 

Bedd'  xii^'d.  ext'. — Assign'  Boberti  Wynn  tenet  vnu'  messnag*  in 
Bayton  nuper  Bogeri  ap  Jobn  ap  Bicbard  per  estimac'       xvj<.       100 

Dinnlie.  Bedd'  xvjd,  ext',  about  i  y,  in  being. — Jobannes  Bandle 
tenet  vnu'  tenementnm  et  vnum  dausum  vocat'  y  Kay  bichan 
in  duob'  dausur'  p'  est'     .  .  .  .200 

Unum  pratnm  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .020 

xxyj«.  viigd.      220 
Escbeate,  but  in  gunt  Junee,  H.  6.  Bedd'  i\}s.  uijd.  ext'»  about  28 
y.  in  being. — Tbomas  Evans  vidua  Bicbardi  ap  Ellice  tenet  vn' 
tenementnm  et  tres  dausur*  terr'  viz'  vnum  pratum  vocat'  y 
Wirglodd  pull  pees  nunc  in  duo  diuis'  p'  estimac'o'em  .       100 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Kay  vwcb  ben  y  ty  nunc  in  duo  p'  estimac'     .       300 
Un'  daus'  vocat'  yr  Ardd  vcba  contineum  per  estimac'o'em  .       100 

lxig«.  vi\jd.      500 

Dinuille.  Bedd'  yjd.  ext'.— Edwardus  ap  Jobn  ap  Edward  tenet 
in  DynuUe  vnam  par^am  peciam  terr'  per  estimac'        iija,  ?jd.      010 

About  2  y.  in  being.  Bedd'  i^s.  xd.  ext'. — Dauid  ap  Jobn  Bog^ 
tenet  vnum  tenementnm  vnum  gardinu'  et  vnum  cotagiu'  cum 
tribus  dausis  sequentibus  viz.  vnu'  dausu'  vocat'  Panbyle  nunc 
diuis'  in  duas  dausur'  p'  est'  .  .      2    2    J 

Un'  clans'^  vocat'  y  Ddole  Newydd  diuis'  in  duaa  dausur'  p'  esti- 
mac'o'em .  .100 

Unum  dausum  vocat'  Qlowe  in  tribus  dos'  p'  estimac'o'em  220 

U\J8.  iijjd.      600 

Dinnille.   Bedd'  y^b.  injd,  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being.   Cop.  3  Eliz. 

for  21  y. — Jobannes  ap  Edward  ap  (levan)  Jobn  tenet  de  terr* 

nuper  Dauidis  Eden  in  DynuUe  p'  estimac'o'em  .  Ixt.      710 

Dinulle,  expired  about  6  y.  since.    The  cop'  was  made  2  Eliz.  for 

21  y.    Bedd'  vi\j«.  yjd.  ext'. — Johannes  Dauid  Broughton  tenet 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXxix 

A.    B.   P. 


a    o    o 
b'em      •     020 
200 
410 
.      300 


vnum  tenementu'  pomarlu'  et  sex  clausnras  terr'  vizt.  vnam 

vocat'  Kay  gowch  p*  estimao'o'em 
Tin'  clans'  prati  vocat'  Gwerglodd  Eaer  goz  per  estimac 
Un'  al'  daus'  vocat'  Kay  yr  skibbo'  p*  estimat' 
Un'  al'  claus'  vocaV  Mayes  y  bellan  p'  est' 
TJn*  clans'  vocal*  Mayes  pen  y  graige  p'  est' 
Alia'  clans'  vocat'  Mayes  pen  yr  Rwg  et  ynum  ootagia'  p'  est'      .210 
About  6  y.  in  being.    Bedd'  iiijs.  yjd.  ext'. — Tenet  duas  al'  clau- 

sur*  tyr  Blewog  et  y  galod  vcha  per  estimao'o'em  .500 

tU.    19    o    o 
Dinnlle.  Bedd'  i\J8.  ext',  ad  volant',  aboat  2  y.  in  being. — Thomas 
ap  Danid  ap  John  tenet  vnum  daas'  in  DynnUe  vocat'  Glyn'  go' 
ad  volantat'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  •  xxxi^'v.  ii^jd.      500 

Bedd'  i^9.  ext'. — Idem  Johannes  Dauid  Broaghton  tenet  vnum 
tenementum  et  daas  olausar'  vizt.  vnu'  vocat'  y  ter*  Blewog  p' 
estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .  .  .200 

Una'  al'  daas'  vocat'  y  gelly  wallod  vcha  nunc  dials'  in  duas  par- 
cellaa  p'  estim'    .  .  .  .300 

hLs,      500 
Bedd'  V9.  ii\jd.  ext',  about  2  y.  in  being. — Beuies  Thdwall  tenet 

tria  daosa  terr'  viz.  vnu'  prat'  vocat'  Werglodd  p'  estimac'  100 

Un'  daas'  vocat'  Tyre  Marie  p'  estim'  .  .300 

Una'  claasum  vocat'  Bryn  vcha  p'  est'  •  .  .310 

Ixs.      710 
Idem  Beoies  Thelwall  tenet  vnum  tenementu'dao  horrea  et  diners' 

clausnr'  terr*  viz. : 
Bedd'  ijs.  Yd,  ext'. — ^Unn'  dans'  vocat'  Mayes  y  pantre  in  duas 

p'cellas  diuis'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .310 

Un'  dans'  vocat'  y  Bryn  Crach  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  .      300 

No  lease  showed.    This  was  graunted  by  copie,  4  Eliz.,  when  the 

composition  was  made. — Alium  dans'  vocat'  Kay  y  fnllen'  con- 

tinen'  per  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .      3    o  20 

Una'  clans'  vocat'  y  Gelly  Wallod  issa  per  estimac'o'em         v\jli.    12    3    o 

It  should  bee  but  8  acr'. 

Moreton  AngUoorn'.  Bedd'  i^s.  ext'  ad  volunt',  about  2  y.  in  being. 
— Griffith  ap  Tndder  tenet  vnum  cottaginm  et  croftum  adiacen' 
in  Morton  Anglioora'  cont'  p'  estimat'  .  .  .020 

^n'  croft'  in  Morton  WaUioorum  adiao'  p'  estimac'o'em  200 


xxvj«.  viy<i.      220 
Bedd'  uJ8.  iiiid.  ext'. — (WiUiam  Laancelott)  Heredes  Meredith  ap 
EUioe  tenet  vel  nuper  tenait  vnu'  messuagin'  cum  pertinen'  et 
duo  dausa  terre  adiacen'  in  Dynnlle  continen'  p'  estimac'o'- 
em       .....  xlvjf.  vi^ef.      400 

I8C0TD  ABIMBEBT. 

Abimbery.    Bedd'  xv«.  ext',  about  20  y.  in  being.    Vide  fol.  se- 
qnen'. — Margareta  vx'  Bobert  ap  Danid  ap  Grono  tenet  vnum 

2r 


CCCXXX  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A^.  B.  p. 
measuagiu'  et  sex  claasor'  ton'  in  Villa  de  Abimberye  oontinen' 
per  estimac'o'em  .  .  .  .  xgli.    13   o  o 

KBLISHAM. 

Bedd'  Y\js.  ext',  about  2  7.  in  being. — Hugo  Jonee  tenet  de  terns 
nnper  Johannis  ap  BandoU  in  Erlisham  quandam  morham  voc' 
Gwem  y  gylverch  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .        lxx«.    10    2  o 

MABOHWHEALE. 
Will'mnB  Edgeberie  al's  Wilkinson. 

CACCADUTTON. 

Nam'  Mortmayne.    Bedd'  \j«.  ixd.    No  lease  showed. — Villa  Ces- 
trisB  tenet  in  Mortmayne  in  Oaocadutton  de  terris  nnper  Johan- 
nis ap  Hagh  Griffith  cert'  terras  p'  est'  .         xx«.      200 
Howe  they  holde  this  doth  nott  yett  apeare,  bat  it  was  coppi- 
holde. 

ETON. 

Bedd'  i^s.  ext'.— Hugo  Lloyd  tenet  de  terr*  nap'  Griff*  ap  D'd  ap 
Madd'  in  Eton  p'  estimat'  .  .  xxxi\j«.  iiijci.      400 

Bedd'  iivjs.  ii\jd.  ext*.  Bentall  iz«.  xd.,  wante  here  \j«.  yjd. — Hago 
Lloyd  ap  Madock  tenet  ib'm  et  de  easdem  terris  in  MarchwheaU 
continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  .  .  .        xxxs.      300 

Bedd'  xig<.  vt  constat  p'  rentale  ext'. — Joh'es  Edgebery  tenet 
diaersas  terr'et  ten'ta  ib'm  sed  absente  tenente  neno  terr'agnos- 
cebat  idio  metuis  inquiratam. 

Bedd'  iiij«.  \jd.  Dutton  Deffeth. — Margaret  vx'  Bobert  tenet  vnu' 
messaagin'  in  Cacadutton  et  Button  Deffeth  existen'  4  p'oell' 
ten'  p'  est'  ....  xl^i .  yi^d.      400 

Bedd'  lit.,  vooat  hio  quia  ante  Bayton. — Joh'es  ap  Ldw.  ap  Daaid 
ap  Madock  tenet  in  Villa  de  Buyton  m'  in  tennr*  Daaidis  ap 
Midleton  certas  terr*  oont'  p'  est'    .  .  •       ttt>.      300 

Bedd'  y«.  Bayton. — There  are  3  acr*  more  in  Bayton,  late  the 
same  d'd  Midleton's ;  but  the  Jurie  can  not  finde  the  present 
owners,  nor  he  that  occupies  it,  and  therefore  I  willed  it  to  be 
seised. 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext'.  Buyton  ad  yolunt'. — Howell  ap  Llewellen  tenet 
▼nu'  teuton'  et  quinq'  seliones  terr*  in  Ddole  Weme  Hescog  m' 
Boger  ap  John  ap  Bicharde  in  Button  Diffeth  per  estimac'o'em      020 

Tenet  et  ynam  aor*  ten'  in  Buyton  p'  est'        .  .  .100 

xxyjf.  vigd.      120 
Bedd'  \j«.  xd.,  vacat'  hio  ad  yolunt'.— Joh'es  Dauies  de  Erlies  gener* 
tenet  ynu'  prat'  in  australi  parte  yie  due  yers'  Hewlington  per 
estimac'o'em       .  .  .  .  .  xys.      120 

S'm'  Bedd'  tenen'  ad  yol'  et  p'dimias'  xxyiijK.  xyy*.  iiyd. 
4  Eliz.  §  xxyjh'.  yj<.  i^d. 

Bedd'  in  toto  l^Zt.  xyi^«.  ixd. 


OllIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXXXl 

A.     B.     P. 

Waates  in  Isooyde  held  at  Will  without  Sent : 

Boger  Bodon,  esq.,  holdeth  a  peece  of  waste  gronnde  in  Datton 
Diffeth,  adioynninge  to  Acre  Hinyon,  late  the  lande  of  John 
Wm.  Madock,  cont'  by  estimacVem  .  •  .010 

The  same  Boger  holdeth  a  peeoe  of  wast  in  Sutton  lyinge  betwene 
a  feelde  called  y  Kae  and  the  grodyre,  cont'  p'  est'     •  .020 

Bioharde  Leighton,  esq.«  holdeth  a  peeoe  of  waste  in  Cacadutton, 
late  the  landes  of  John  Mathew,  oont'  p'  est'  .  .020 

John  Taylo'  holdeth  a  peeoe  of  waste  in  Dntton  y  brayne,  betwene 
a  fiolde  called  the  p'k  and  the  broade  crofbe,  per  estimao'o'em  .      010 


WREXHAM    MANER. 

(Harl.  3696). 


SUPERUISUS  MANERU  DE  WREXHAM  IN  COMIT'  DENBIGH 
PER  JOHA27NEM  NORDEN  SENIOREM. 

NO»I»A  JUBATOBUM. 

Hugo  Meredith,  Armiger  Dauid  Thonftis 

Bobertus  Puleston,  Armiger  Joh'es  Jones 

Mcolans  ap  Jon.  Edward  Biohardus  Beniamin 

David  ap  Jon.  Bobert  Badulphus  ap  Ellis 

Hugo  Griffith  Bogerus  ap  Biohard 

Dauid  ap  Dauid  Will'us  Griffith  Smyth 

Joh'nes  ap  John  Owen's  ap  Bobert 

Joh'es  Dauid  Thomas  Bichardus  Hall 

Qui  dicunt  super  sacramenta  sua  vt  sequitur,  vizt. : 

To  the  first  article  they  say  that  the  mannor  or  towneship  of  Wrexham  is 
bounded  from  Wrexham  churchyard  to  the  foote  bridge  south  of  the  said 
church,  leaning  the  landes  of  the  right  honourable  the  Lord  Wootton  ypon 
the  right  hand  of  the  lane  to  the  bames  in  pen  y  bryn  westward,  and  thence 
along  the  lane  to  the  westend  of  Glyn  parke^  (excepting  one  field  called 
Owen,  w'ch  is  paroell  of  the  Court  farme  belonging  to  the  mannor  of  Yalle 
Crucis,  and  two  closes,  one  of  Mr.  JefEreys,  and  thother  of  Thomas  Lloyd). 
And  so  from  the  said  westend  of  Glyn  Park  along  eastward  to  the  landes  of 
Bobert  Puleston,  Esquire,  neere  the  Prince  his  highness  water  mill  called 
the  Yelyn  newydd  or  newe  Mill.  And  we  doe  further  say  and  present  that 
so  much  of  the  said  Glyn  Park  as  extendeth  from  the  said  westend  thereof 
along  to  the  river  Glewedog,  w'ch  runneth  through  the  said  parke  eastwards^ 
to  the  said  landes  of  Bobert  Puleston,  neere  the  said  Mill,  to  be  within  this 
mannor  of  Wrexham,  for  that  being  conuerted  into  arrable  land,  the  tithe 

^  A  plan  of  Glyn  Park  will  be  given  in  a  Aiture  chapter.  The  manor  of 
Wrexham  Abad  was  granted  to  the  Abbey  of  Yalle  Crucis  by  Madog  ab 
Gruffydd  Maelor,  Prince  of  Powys  Fadog,  in  a.d.  1200. 


CCCXXXii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

thereof  is  gathered  w'th  the  towneship  of  Wrexham ;  and  that  the  tenaimts 
there  doe  their  seruioe  w'th  the  tenants  of  Wrexham.  Then  from  the  east- 
end  of  the  said  parke  along  the  Biver  to  the  bridge  called  PontYuelm 
newydd ;  and  thenoe  a  brooke  called  Gwen  fro,  and  oompasseth  the  lands 
of  Bobert  Puleeton  northward  to  the  Mores  called  Gwem  dunck,  and  ao 
along  northward  by  Bryn  Tunok  and  the  Kae  Mawr,  and  thence  to  the 
furthest  end  of  Kae  wad^  by  the  towneship  of  Acton,  and  so  along  by  Gwem 
Acton  westwards  to  Gwayn  y  tecuyn  by  the  towneship  of  Acton,  neere  the 
house  of  Jo*n  ap  Hugh  ap  Ed.  Stantie ;  and  then  compassing  Gwayn  y  tecuyn 
and  the  lane  to  Tal  y  geifer,  along  by  the  towneship  of  Stanstie,  to  a  place 
called  Clawdd  Wad,  westward;  and  so  along  Clawdd  Wad  to  the  brook 
Gwenfiro,  southward ;  then  along  the  said  brooke,  Bryn  y  ffy nnon ;  and  then 
to  a  garden  of  Bobert  Sonllye,  Esq. ;  and  by  the  gardens  of  Ed.  Crewe,  gent, 
and  Edward  Dauies ;  and  so  by  Dauid  ap  Hughe,  sUkweaver,  and  so  into 
Streete  yr  Abad;  then  ouer  the  way  to  the  house  of  Bobert  ap  Hughe, 
butcher,  being  the  Lord  Woottons  land ;  and  so  through  the  gardens,  west- 
wards, to  the  stile  of  Bryn  y  Fynon ;  and  thence  along  the  brooke,  leaning 
it  on  the  right  hand ;  and  so  to  the  west  stile  againe,  to  the  churchyard  of 
Wrexham,  where  we  began,  and  nowe  doe  end. 

M'd'  that  there  is  a  smithie  and  a  litle  parcell  of  ffireehold  land  of  Bobert 
Fuleston  in  Fentre  yr  velin  Abad  belonging  to  this  manno'  of  Wrexham,  and 
also  certeine  cottages  and  a  crofbe  in  Lampyat,  Vch  is  the  landes  of  Thomas 
Trafford,  Esq.,  and  t>ut  of  this  manno';  and  one  cottage  and  bame  in  th'east 
end  of  the  Beaste  markctt,  and  two  parcells  of  land  in  Kae  pants  and  in 
bron  pull  yr  vwd,  Vch  are  also  out  of  this  manno',  w'ch  are  the  lands  of 
Margarett  'Verch  Bobert,  widowe. 

To  the  second  article  this  Jury  sayeth  that  there  is  no  demesne  land  in 
this  manno*  to  their  knowledge,  saue  that  Parke  of  Gly n  Park,  as  they  thinke, 
w'ch  is  sett  downe  in  the  boundes  of  this  manno'. 

To  the  3,  4,  and  5  articles  the  said  June  say  that  the  freeholders  names 
w*thin  this  manno'  are  sett  downe  in  this  booke,  their  landes  and  rentes,  to 
their  knowledge;  and  that  there  are  leaseholders  and  customary  tenants 
from  40  yeares  to  40,  and  likewise  their  names  and  what  the  holde,  and  their 
,  rentes,  as  neere  as  they  could  learne  and  search  out,  sett  downe  also  at  large 
in  the  booke  of  the  surueyours  perambulac'on.  And  that  the  customaiy 
tenaunts  to  the  Prince  his  highnes  doe  pay  at  the  taking  of  newe  leases  for 
40  yeares,  and  so  from  40  to  40,  two  yeares  rent  of  their  said  customaiy 
landes  for  a  ffine,  according  to  the  composition  made  betweene  the  late 
Queene  of  famous  meraorie  and  the  tenauntes  of  Bromfield  and  Yalle.  The 
effect  of  w'ch  composition  is  sett  downe  more  at  large  in  the  presentments 
of  the  Juries  of  Hoult,  Burton,  Buabon,  and  others^  whereunto  this  Juris 
referre  themselves.  And  this  Jurie  doe  not  knowe  of  any  fSne  paid  or  due 
to  be  paid  by  the  said  tenauntes  at  the  marriage  of  their  daughters. 

To  the  6,  7,  and  8  articles  they  say  that  there  is  no  common  of  waste 
within  this  manner,  and  that  there  is  neither  woods  nor  vnderwoodes  in  the 
said  manno',  but  a  fewe  vnderwoods  in  Glyn  Park  of  hasell,  alders,  withie, 
and  thomes,  and  such  like,  w'ch  the  tenants  there  doe  take  and  vse  for  tin- 
sel 1  as  need  requires ;  and  that  there  were  some  oakes  in  the  said  Parke,  as 
it  seemes,  but  gone  many  yeares  agoe,  and  now  a  few  scrubbs  standing. 
And  that  there  is  no  parke  of  deai*e  or  warren  of  conies  w'thin  the  said  man- 
nour. 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXXXili 

To  the  9, 10,  and  1 1  artideB  the  said  Juzy  say  that  there  is  no  incrochment 
within  this  manno',  bat  about  one  acre  called  Poll  yr  Ywde,  w'oh  was  taken 
by  lease  dat'  zviiio  Martii>  a<*  Elis.  23,  graunted  to  Bobert  Sonlley,  Esq.,  as 
this  Joiy  is  informed,  and  nowe  in  the  occapac'on  of  Margarett  ve'  Bobert, 
widd'.  And  that  the  landes  holden  from  40  yeares  to  40  yeares  are  sett 
downe  in  the  book  of  presentment  by  this  Jarie,  as  also  by  the  surveyo';  and 
that  there  are  not  qnarrs  of  stone  mines,  of  cole,  leade,  marie,  or  chalke,  to 
their  knowledge. 

To  the  12,  13,  and  14  articles  they  say  that  they  doe  not  knowe  of  any 
flreeholder  that  died  without  heire,  and  that  they  do  not  heare  of  any  bastard 
or  alien  that  doe  enioy  any  landes  within  this  mannonr;  and  that  there  is 
no  towne  corporate  or  barrowe  within  this  manno',  to  their  knowledge ;  and 
that  they  doe  not  knowe  any  copieholder  or  leaseholder  of  40  yeares  that 
have  ezchannged  or  vnlawfolly  incerted  any  landes  for  freehold,  or  haTO 
incerted  any  such  into  their  oostomary  land. 

To  the  15  and  16  articles  they  say  that  the  Prince  his  Highness  hath  a 
custome  water  mill  in  this  mannonr,  called  y  yellyn  Kewydd,  or  19  ewe  Mill, 
whereat  the  tenaantes  and  inhabitantes  of  this  manno'  of  Wrexham  and 
of  other  towneships  are  boande  to  grinde ;  and  that  Boger  Bellot,  gent., 
hath  a  lease  of  the  same  mill  (amongst  other  thinges)  vnder  the  great  scale 
of  England,  for  three  lines  in  being,  at  the  rent  of  ten  ponndes,  six  shillings, 
eight  pence,  p'  ann',  and  nowe  in  the  tenure  of  Bobert  Puleston,  Esquire, 
who  had  the  same  at  the  hands  of  the  said  Boger  Bellot,  and  is  kept  in  very 
good  reparac*on ;  and  that  there  is  neither  pete,  turfe,  furze,  or  such  like,  in 
this  manner,  save  in  the  fields  by  the  hedge-side  there  bee  some  feame  w'oh 
poore  people  doe  gather. 

To  the  1 7  article  they  say  that  this  manno'  is  a  member  of  the  lordshipp  of 
Bromefield,  and  that  the  tenauntes  doe  serue  at  the  Leete  and  Lawe  days 
of  the  said  Lordshipp,  as  they  are  bound  to  doe;  and  that  they  pay  no  fines, 
headsiluer,  or  kingsiluer ;  but  they  pay  their  rentes,  ffines  of  alienac'ons, 
amerciamentes  of  courtes  mizes,  and  all  such  paymentes  as  other  the  inha- 
bitantes of  the  said  lordship  doe,  as  often  as  the  same  are  due  and  required. 

To  the  18  article  they  say  and  present  that  Hughe  Meredith,  Esquire, 
hath  two  houses  of  the  Prince  his  landes  out  of  reparac'on,  and  say  that  the 
said  Hughe  hath  timber  brought  into  the  said  towne  readie  to  builde, 
amend,  and  repayre  the  said  house.  And  they  farther  present  that  Owen 
Brereton,  Esquire,  hath  a  house  fallen  downe  in  Hope  Street  within  the 
said  manner ;  and  that  Edward  Dauies,  gent.,  hath  a  house  in  the  tenure  of 
Mary  Treuor  a  litle  out  of  reparac'on ;  and  Henry  Salisbury,  Knight,  hath 
one  house  of  the  Prince  his  landes  a  litle  out  of  reparac'on,  adioyning  to  the 
house  of  Edward  Bailie. 

To  the  19  and  20  articles  they  say  that  they  knowe  not  whether  wayfes, 
estraies,  and  other  casualties  menc'oned  in  this  article,  be  due  to  the  Prince 
his  highness  or  to  the  Kinges  Ma'tie,  as  they  happen ;  and  that  there  is 
neither  ffishing  nor  fowling  in  this  manour,  to  their  knowledge. 

To  the  21  they  say  that  vpon  Mundays  and  Thursdays  marketts  are  kept 
within  the  towne  of  Wrexham ;  and  that  there  are  three  fFayres  kept  in  the 
said  towne  yerely,  viz.  upon  the  xyth  of  March,  the  fifte  of  June,  and  the 
viijth  of  September ;  and  that  Boger  Bellot,  gent.,  hath  the  toule,  pickage, 
and  stallage  of  the  same  by  lease,  but  what  it  is  worth  they  knowe  not. 

To  the  22  and  23  they  say  that  they  know  not  of  any  rent  or  land  con- 


CCCXXXIV  ORIGINAL  DOCTTMENTS. 

cealed  or  withheld  w'ihout  right  in  this  mannor,  nor  of  any  reprises  or  paj- 
ments  to  issue  out  of  this  mannor ;  but  that  the  Bayliff  of  the  said  nuumor, 
for  gathering  the  rentes  thereof^  hath  a  certaine  ffee  from  the  Prince  his 
Highnes. 

To  the  24  article  they  say  that  there  are  presented  and  made  at  Mich'as 
Leete  yerely,  by  the  Jurie  of  this  mannor,  two  oanstables  Vch  doe  serae  the 
yeare  following.  And  that  the  chief  Steward  of  this  mannor  and  the  whole 
lordshipp  of  Bromfield  and  Yale  (as  this  Jurie  hane  credibly  heard)  is  tha 
right  honourable  John  Earle  of  Bridgewater ;  and  that  John  Jeffreys,  Esquire, 
John  Dauies,  and  Thomas  Foster,  are  his  deputies ;  and  that  Thomas  Tnf- 
ford.  Esquire,  Beceauour.  But  what  ffees  they  or  either  of  them  haae,  this 
Jurie  knoweth  not. 

To  the  25  they  say  they  knowe  not  of  any  aduousons  or  beneficies  that 
the  Prince  hid  Highnes  hath  or  ought  to  have  within  this  mannor. 

To  the  26  th^y  say  that,  as  farre  as  they  can  leame  or  finde  out,  that  the 
olde  and  accustomed  acre  Tsed  in  theise  partes  conteyneth  a  clx  pertches, 
and  that  every  perche  conteyneth  24  foote. 


WBEXHAH. 


A.  B.  r. 


Quoad  liberos  tenentes  ib'm  dicunt  viat.  quod : 

Bedd'  xii\jd.  ext*. — Joh'es  Jeffreys  Armiger^  tenet  libe'  vnum  tene- 
mentnm  officinam  et  gardin'  cum  pertinen'  in  vico  vocat'  Be- 
ceauors  street  Edwardi  BayUe         .  •  .        tent* 

Bedd'  iia.  ext*. — Idem  tenet  sezdecem  cottagia  et  gardin'  simul 
adiaoen'  in  occidental!  parte  vici  vocat'  Hope  street  per  redd' 

16  cotV  &  gardens 

Bedd'  ii\jd.  ext*. — Idem  tenet  vnu*  cottagiu'  horreum  gardinu'  et 
vnum  croftu'  terre  in  Lampint  nunc  in  occnpao*one  Henrici  ap 
William  continen'  per  estimac*  vnam  acram  redd'  oott'  bame    .      100 

Bedd'  yd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnum  pratum  iacen'  ex  occidentali 
parte  Bryntune  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  acram  et  tres 
rodasredd'  .  .  .  .  .  .130 

Bedd'  ii^d.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  duas  parcellas  terre  vna'  iacen'  in 
Pull  y  wragh  per  redd'  duoru'  denariorum  alteram  in  Tale  in 
Gyfer  redd'  \jd.  perquisit'  de  Bic'o  Lewes  oont'  per  estimac'o'em 
vnam  acram  reddit'  .  .  .  .  .100 

Bedd'  yja,  vi|jd.  ext'.— Idem  tenet  in  Wrexham  vechan  septem 
dausuras  terr*  perquisit' de  Bichardo  Williams  ezisten'aliquando 
terr'  Bichardi  Smith  vocat'  per  heo  nomina  sequentia  i  Kae 
truinuaine  2  pant  y  feiriad  3  y  Crachdire  4  TSm  gwalchmaie 
5  errow  y  dwr  6  Eae  y  groise  7  Kae  lloydin  contin'  per  estima- 
c'o'em quindecem  acras  redd'  .  .  .     xs.  vjd.     15    00 

Bedd'  iigd.  ext'. — Thomas  Trafford  Ar''  tenet  libe'  vnam  domu' 
columbariam  vnam  parcellam  terre  et contin'  per  estima- 

1  John  Jeffreys  of  Acton,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  armed  and 
langued  gules. 

*  Thomas  Traffbrd  of  Treffbi'dd  in  Esclusham,  Esq.  Ermine,  a  lion  ram* 
pant  sable,  armed  and  langued  gules. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXXXV 

A.   B.  P. 

o'o'em  di'am  acre  perqaisit'  de  Edwardo  Jobnes  in  Wrexham 
eztenden*  in  longitndine  a  pedestri  via  aatreate  yr  hope  versus 
Brin  y  Fynnon  ex  orientali  parte  usque  ad  selionem  terre  iaoen' 
inter  predictam  parcellam  terr*  et  terras  Edwardi  Phillips  ex 
ocoidentali  parte  et  in  latitudine  a  via  ducen'  versus  hope  ex 
boreali  parte  ad  tenementum  prefati  Edwardi  Johnes  oontinen' 
per  estimacVem acr' redd'       .  .  dove  house      o    i    o 

I^d'  vi\jd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vna'  clausura'  terr'  continen'  per 
estimao'o'em  tres  acras  iacen'  in  Eslome  in  Wrexham  perquisit' 
de  Sio'o  ap  Edward  Phillip  modo  oonuerss'  in  pomariu'  gardina 
et  ambulacria  per  redd'     .  .  .  .  .300 

Bedd'  ijs.  ext'. — Hugo  Meredith  Armiger^  tenet  Ubere  vnnm  tene- 
mentam  existen'  domu'  angular*  inter  superiorem  vicum  et  Lam- 
pinc  et  duo  gardina  eidem  pertinen'  et  quatuor  pamas  paroellas 
terr*  eidem  etiam  spectan'  viz.  duas  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  vnam  in 
pant  y  Ciydd  et  aliam  in  Kae  byohan  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
vnam  acram  redd'  .  •  .  tenement'      100 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  tria  messuagia  in  Lampint  vnnm 
horreum  stabulum  pomariu'et  gardin'  iisdem  adiacen' continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  vnam  rodam  per  reed'         3  messuag'  garden' 

Bedd'  \jd.  ext*. — Idem  tenet  messuagium  adiacens  signo  corone 
extendens  in  longitudine  a  vice  oo'iter  vocat'  the  highe  streete 
vsq'  ad  Oemiterium  per  redd'  •  ,  messuage 

Bedd'  yjd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  3 ...  horrei  iaoen'  ex  occidentaU  parte 
fori  bestialis  et  gardin'  adiacen'  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  di- 
mid'  rode'  redd'  .  .  3  baies  of  a  bame  garde'  cont'      010 

Bedd'  lis.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  in  oc'i'entali  parte  fori  bestialis  vnam 
clausura'  terrb  modo  in  tres  paroellas  diuisam  vocat'  kaer  kygy- 
ddion  et  cottagiu'  et  gardinu'  snper  inde  existen'  contin'  per 
estimac'o'em  quinque  acras  et  dimid'  per  redd'  .         cott'      500 

Idem  tenet  vnam  vacuam  peciam  terre  in  Lampint  none. 

Bedd'  ijs,  yjd.  ext'. — Dauid  ap  John  Bobert  Glouer  tenet  libere 
vnam  clansuram  terre  in  Wrexham  vechan  vocat'  Eaer  Deon 
medietatem  dausure  vocat'  Eae  Oocksuite  medietatem  clausure 
vocat'  Qrofb  tuddir  redd'  xvii^jd.  et  tres  paruas  paroellas  iacen  in 
Maes  y  Dreissa  redd'  x^d.  continen'  in  toto  per  estimac'o'em 
quatuor  acras  redd'  totalis  .  .  .400 

Bedd'  vj«.  xd.  ext'. — Edwardus  Phillips  de  Mulsor  tenet  libere 
vnum  tenementum  in  vico  vocat'  Abbotts  streete  in  occupac'o'e 
Bandall  Lloyd  vnum  horreum  in  Hope^street^  vnam  parcellam 
terre  dicto  horreo  ac^acen'  vocat'  y  Spittle  vnam  parcellam  y  in 
Tale  y  gyfer  vnam  parcellam  in  kae  bychan  per  duas  paroellas 
in  Maes  y  Dreyssa  duas  paroellas  in  kae  bychan  vnam  parcel- 
lam in  kae  yr  on  vna'  capitalem  terram  in Jeffreys  bychan 

duas  parceUas  abuttan'  super  viam  ducen'  ad  Bhose  ddu  vnam 
parcellam  super  viam  Cestrensem  et  quatuor  tenementa  in  vico 
vocat'  Beceunants  streete  simul  adiacen'  continen'  per  estima- 
c'o'em quatuor  acras  redd'  .  ,  .5  ten'ts      400 


*  Hugh  Meredith  of  Pentrebychan,  Esq.    Agure,  a  lion  salient  or. 


CCCXXXVl  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.    B.  ?. 


Bedd'  Yjd.  ext;*. — Thomas  Goldsmith  tenet  libere  qoatuor  tene- 
menta  et  gardina  in  vico  ducen'  a  cemiterio  versas  le  Greene 
redd'  ijd.  et  vnam  paraam  peoiam  terre  palastris  in  Wrexham 
yechan  prope  nounm  molendinam  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
dimid'  acre  redd'  .  »  .  .4  ten'ts     010 

Bedd'  ▼«.  ixd.  ezt\— Georgios  GK>ldsmith  et  Maria  vzor  eins  tenet 
lore  predicte  Marie  medietatem  messuagii  in  vioo  vocat*  highe 
streete  proxime  adiacen*  alte  Crud  in  qua  Catherina  Jones 
vidua  modo  inhabitat  et  gardin'  eidem  pertinen'  unum  aliad 
messuagiom  et  curtilagiu'in  predicto  vioo  oontra  prius  in  tenura 
Matilde  Wen  vidue  unum  oottagium  et  gardin'  per  ripam  flumi- 
nis  duo  cottagia  et  gardina  in  Wrexham  veohan  vnnm  horrenm 
domum  oolumbariam  et  pomarium  ibidem  et  quinque  dansuras 
vel  parceUas  terre  i  vocat'  y  Kae  Mayn  2  Errow  gand  3  Enow 
veohan  4  kaer  kitt  et  5  yr  hirdire  oontin'  per  esUmao'o'em  sex 
aoras  per  reddit'  messuage  &  dim'  3  cott'  bame  douehouse      600 

Bedd'\j«.  vj<2.  ext'. — Nioholaus  ap  John  Edward  tenet  libere  vnam 
horr'pum  et  gardinu'  in  Lampint  eidem  pertinen'  redd'  ii^d. 
duas  parcellas  in  kae  byohan  et  vnam  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  redd' 
\jd.  tres  pamas  parcellas  in  Errow  gam  per  viam  Gestrenaem 
redd'  i\jd.  vnam  paroellam  in  Tale  y  gyfer  per  eadem  viam  redd' 
yd.  tres  paruas  saltus  adiaoen'  kae  tan  y  weme  vdha  redd'  j<l. 
tres  parcellas  in  kae  tan  y  weme  vcha  redd'  viijd.  tres  alias 
paruas  parcellas  in  dicta  clausura  redd'i^jd.  quatuor  paruas  par- 
cellas in  kae  byohan  oontra  kae  tan  y  weme  viha  redd'  7  oonti- 
nen'  in  toto  per  estimac'o'em  quatuor  aoras  bame      400 

Bedd'  vide  q'  vi^d.  ext'. — Michael  Jones  de  London  tenet  libei:« 
quatuor  cottagia  simul  adiaoen'  in  Lampint  redd'  i^d,  et  meSie* 
tatem  tenement!  siue  messuagii  in  quo  Catherina  Jones  vidua 

modo  inhabitat  existen'  sign'  rubri  leonis  vizt.  limen et 

omnia  edifioia  et versus  orien'  4  cott'  et  de  mess' 

Bedd'  vi^d.  ext'.  ifreegold. — Edwardus  Nicholas  et  Maria  vxor 
eius  Joh'ee  Dauid  et  Elizabetha  vxor  eius  tenent  iure  vxoram 

suarum  3 prim'  vocat'  y  werne  vawr  2  y  weme  veohan  modo 

in  duas  parcellas  diuiss'  3  y  weme  vcha  et  vnam  paroellam  terre 
arrabilis  iisdem  p'  adiaoen'  oontinen'  per  estimac'o'em  sex  aoras 
redd'     .  .  .  .  .-  .600 

Bedd'  vf.  viyd.  ext*.  Gruffith  Jones  Junctor  tenet  libere  vnum 
messuagium  et  gardin'  eidem  adiaoen'  existen'  in  foro  vocat'  le 
Beast  markett  continen'  per  est'  vnam  rodam  redd'     messuage 

Bedd'  vjd.  ext'. — Bobertus  Gruffith  iure  Angharad'  vxoris  sue  et 
postea  Anna  Tuddir  tenent  vnum  cottagium  et  vnam  paruam 
paroellam  terre  eidem  adiaoen'  existen'  in  foro  vocat'  le  Beast 
market  per  domum  Gruffithi  Jones  iunctoxis  continen'  per  esti- 
mac'o'em dimid'  acre  redd'  .  .  .1  cott'      020 

Bedd'  iiijd.  ext'. — Dauid  ap  Hughe  ap  Edward  tenet  libere  qua- 
tuor seliones  per  horreum  Eduardi  Phillips  vnam  aliam  peciam 
terre  in  Pant  y  Crydd  et  vnam  aliam  paroellam  terre  in  Maes  y 
dree  vcha  continen'  per  estimao'o'em  vnam  aoram  per  redd'      .      100 

Bedd'  iy<.  ii^d.  ext'. — Badulphus  Edwards  et  Thomas  Edwards 
tenent  libere  vnum  pulchrum  tenementum gardinu'  et 


ORIGINAL   DOCUMENTS.  CCCXXXVll 

A.   B.   P. 

cartilaginm  in  vico  Seceptoris  nuper  terr*  Boberti  Puleaton 
Armiger  per  Bedd'  .  .  .  .      i  tent' 

Bedd'  ijd.  ext*. — Jana  (Anna)  verch  Hugh  ap  Thomas  vidua  tenet 
libe*  vnum  cottagium  et  4  seliones  adiacen'  magno  stagno  in 
foTO  bestiali  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  Bodam  Beddit' 

I  cott*      010 

Bedd*  TVS,  ezt'. — Bobertus  Puleaton  Armiger^  tenet  libere  vnn' 
capitale  meesnagium  vocata'  Hauod  y  werne  horren'  stabula 
pomaria  gardina  et  dausuras  rel  parcellas  terr'  eidem  adiacen' 
et  pertinen'  existen'  terr*  arrabil*  prat'  et  pastur'  vooat'  per  heo 
nomina  prim  Kae  Staoie  2  Eae  Cor  3  Lloyn  y  Cocksnite  4  y  Eae 
Mawr  5  kaer  vallen  6  Dole  dda  7  grost  y  kerddorion  8  kaer 
groise  9  campum  vltra  molendinu'  AngUce  the  ffield  beyond  the 
Mill  10  Errow  yeohan  11  y  werne  vechan  12  le  Coppie  13  vnam 

dauBuram  terre  ultra  Bivum  duo  cottagia  gardinum  et 

per  nouum  molendinum  et et  gardin'  in  Pentre  velyn 

yr  Abbat  et  vnam  parcellam  terre  eidem  adiacen'  continen'  in 

toto  per  estimao'o'em  centum  acras  Bedd'  I  mess'  2  Gott'  100    o    o 

Bedd'  xiiig«.  ii^d.  ezt*. — Bogerus  Ellis  de  Alrhey  Armiger^  tenet 
libere  vnum  tenementum  in  Wrexham  vechan  in  oecupac'o'e 
Joh'is  ap  Bichard  et  dinersas  parcellas  terr*  eidem  pertinen' viz. 
vnum  croftum  adiacen' ex  boreali  parte  pant  bychan  vocat'  kaer 
Eyrregh  vnam  aliam  clausuram  terre  vocat'  Lloyn  kenwick 
nunc  diuisam  in  duas  parcellas  et  adiacen'  pant  bychan  nnum 
crofbum  vocat'  kae  Skaven  vna'  clausuram  terre  vocat'  Errow 
dda  vnam  aliam  parcellam  vocat  Gurich  y  day  Lloyn  vnam 
aUam  clausuram  terre  vocat'  Kaer  Claii  nnam  aliam  parcellam 
terre  vocat'  kae  ....        tent'    30    o    o 

There  wanteth  of  Boger  Ellis  rent  w'ch  he  payes  Nessae  to 
the  Bailiff  3d.  ob. 

Nessa  yr  tie  et  quasdam  parcellas  terre  iacen'  in  Maes  y  wrexham 
vechan  in  occupao'o'e  Johannis  Lloyd  aut  eius  inde  subter 
tenentium  pro  quibua  Hugo  Dauid  solitus  fuit  persoluere  annu- 

1  Bobert  Puleston  of  Hafod  y  Wern,  Esq ,  was  the  son  (by  Jane  his  wife, 
daughter  and  coheiress  of  John  Aimer,  second  son  of  John  Aimer  of  Pant 
lockin  in  the  parish  of  Gresford,  Esq.)  of  John  Puleston  of  Hafod  y  Wem, 
ab  Piers  ab  John  Puleston  ab  John  ab  John  Puleston,  who  first  settled  at 
Hafod  y  Wem,  which  property  he  acquired  in  right  of  his  wife,  Alson, 
daughter  of  Howel  ab  leuan  ab  Gruff^dd  of  Bersham,  Esq.,  by  his  second 
wife,  Alson,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Howel  ab  Goronwy  ab  leuaf  ab 
Goronwy  ab  Hwfa  of  Hafod  y  Wem,  second  son  of  lorwerth  ab  leuaf  ab 
Niniaf  ab  Cynwrig  ab  Bhiwallon.  Hwfa  ab  lorwerth  of  Hafod  y  Wern  bore 
BobU,  three  lions  passant  in  pale  argent ;  and  the  estate  of  Hafod  y  Wern  is 
still  in  the  possession  of  his  descendant,  Bobert  Davies  Cooke  of  Owston, 
CO.  York,  and  of  Gwysannau,  00.  Flint,  Esq. 

•  Boger  EIHb  of  Alrhey,  Esq.,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Humphrey  Ellis  of 
Alrhey,  and  Dorothy  his  wife,  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Edwaj*d  Jones  of 
Plas  Cadwgan,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff  for  Denbighshire  in  a-d.  1576.  He  mar- 
Tied  Margaret,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Hanmer  of  Hanmer,  Knt. 

2s 


CCCXXXVm  OKIGINAL  DOCUMEKTS. 


A.  K.  P. 


atim  duos  denarios  qne  omnia  continent  per  estimao'o'em  tri- 

ginta  acras  Bedd'  ..... 

This  2d.  was  reserved  in  a  lease  made  by  Hnmfry  Ellis  to 

Hughe  Dauid  and  others  for  3  Hues,  which  are  now  expired, 

and  payable  unto  the  said  EUis  as  rent  for  the  same. 

Bedd'  Tjd.  oxt'. — Eandolphns  Lloyd  (John  Allinghe)  sntor  calcea- 
rius  tenet  tria  cottagia  et  gardinu'  iacen'  in  Lampint  per  Bedd' 

3  cott' 

Bedd'  x\jd. — Alicia  verch  Joh'es  Thomas  (John  ap  Hagh  ap  Ed- 
ward) tenet  vnum  messuagium  habens  signam  Tanri  in  Lam- 
pint   et  curtilagiam  vnumq*  paraum  croftnm  eidem  adia- 

cen'  olim  ezisten'  terr'  Jacobi  Gittins  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
quartam  partem  vnns  acre  per  Bedd'  .  .       Mess*      o    I    0 

This  is  held  for  free,  and  is  copy.  Bedd*  xiiijs.  ext*. — Joh'es  Lloyd 
de  Eglowisegle  iure  Elizabethe  vxoris  eins  tenet  libere  dao  cot- 
tagia et  vnam  paruam  parcellam  terre  in  Wrexham  vechan  per 
horreum  Q-eorgii  Goldsmith  vnum  aliud  cottag^um  et  gardinam 
ibidem  in  occupac'o'e  Dauidis  ap  Howell  unum  aliud  cottaginm 
et  croftum  it*m  in  occupac'o'e  Edwai*di  ap  U'en  unnm  aliud  cot- 
taginm et  crofta*  ibidem  in  occupac*one  John  ap  John  Gittin 
duas  parcellas  terre  in  clausura  vocat'  Croft  Tuddir  unam  aliam 
clausnram  terre  vocat'  y  pant  bychan  unam  aliam  clausur'  terre 
yocat'  Pen  y  geilyed  unam  aliam  clansuram  terre  vocat*  kaer 
Skawen  unam  aliam  dausuram  vocat*  kaer  Forth  unam  aliam 
clausuram  terre  vocat*  kaer  Skybor  unam  cliam  parcellam  terre 
▼ocat*  kaer  Lloyn  una  maliam  clausuram  terre  vocat*  yr  ac  krey 
medio  tatem  vnins  clausure  terre  vocat'  Cock  suite  medietatem 
unius  alterius  clausure  terre  vocat*  y  Skithrey  issa  unam  aliam 
clausuram  terre  vocat*  y  kae  bychan  et  diuersas  parcellas  ter- 
raru*  in  Maes  gwrexham  vechan  ex  quo  campo  Bogerus  Elles 
clamat  portionem  et  pro  quo  Joh*es  Lloyd  solitus  fuit  soluere 
annuatim  duos  denarios  progenitoribus  dicti  Bogeri  Ellis  que 
omnes  clausure  et  terre  predicte  continent  per  estimac*o*em 
quadraginta  acras  Bedd*    .  -       .  .  . 

M*d  that  Pant  bychan  and  pen  y  geilied  are  in  morgage  to 
Mr.  Goldsmith. 

Kae  Porth  kae  skawen,  the  moyety  of  Eae  Cocksuite  and 
kae  vch  ben  yr  Auon,  are  in  morgage  to  Dauid  ap  Joni 
Bobert,  and  parceU  of  groft  Tuddir. 

M'd  a  great  part  of  this  40  acres  being  now  held  for  free,  were 
a  deede  copie,  as  may  appeare  by  the  wordes  of  the  recorde 
de  an'  1523.  Hugo  dd'  de  Wrexham  (who  then  was  ten*nt 
to  the  lande)  tenet  in  coperinery  cum  Will'o  ap  dd*  ap  Yer- 
wordd  et  Edw.  eius  fr'e  4  ten*ta  ib*m  vnde  2  iao'  in  loco 
vocat*  le  hopstreet  vn'  al*  in  astral,  p'te  mercat*  iux*  Ceme- 
ter*  et  al'm  occiden*  parte  vie  ducen'  verss*  ecd'iam  orto  da' 
terr*  arabilis  et  pastur*  in  wrexham  vichan  et  4  dormi*dem 
et  vn*  p'ceir  cont*  6  ar*  terr*  arabil'  et  in  wrexham  vawr  3 
cla*  et  12  selioncs  p*  est*  7  acr*  redd*  xxvjs.  ujd,  Tenend* 
qnottsq'  melius  diroi'  ut  potit. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCXXXIX 

▲.  B.  P. 
4  tenets  and  13  acr*  land  now  neuer  a  ten't,  and  bat  2  acUand 

confest ;  so  4  ten'ts  and  1 1  ao'  caried  away  as  free,  being 

copie. 

M'.— Hugh  d'd  had  issue,  d'd  Hugh ;  he  had  Hugh  d'd,  who 

had  issue,  two  daughters,  Eliz.  and  Maude,  which  Eliz.  is 

yet  liuing,  and  wife  to  the  same  Jo.  Lloyde,  in  whose  right 

he  holdes  it. 

Bedd'  zvjd.  est'. — Bogerus  ap  Biohard  tenet  libere  vnam  clansu- 
ram  terre  in  Wrexham  Vechan  vooat'  kae  Skyfchrey  vcha  modo 
diuss'  in  duas  parcellas  et  medietatem  vnius  clausure  terre  ei- 
dem  adiacen'  vocat'  kae  Skythrey  issa  adiacen*  super  Glyn  park 
perquisit'  de  Joh'e  Lloyd  et  Elizabetha  yxore  eius  contmen'  per 
estimac'o'em  tres  acras  Bedd'  .  .  .  .300 

Bedd'  iiijc/.  ext'. — Joh'es  ap  Hughe  ap  Edward  de  Stanstie  tenet 
libere  vnum  pratum  per  Pull  yr  vwde  cont*  per  estimac'o'em 
vnam  acram  nuper  terr*  Joh'is  Puleston  Ar'  per  Bedd*  .       100 

Bedd'  ujja.  vjd.  (iivj«.  viy^i.)  ext*. — Bichardus  Lewes  de  Beeston 
tenet  vnam  clauauram  vel  parcellam  terre  per  Pullyr  vwde  con- 
tinent per  estimac'o'em  duas  acras  Bedd'      .  .  .200 

Bedd'  iiijd.  ext*. — Dauid  (John  dd')  Thomas  in  iure  ux'is  eius 
tenet  vnam  parcellam  terre  iacen'  in  pant  y  glouer  continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  existen'olim  terr'  Boberti  ap  Dauid 
Bedd'    .  .  .  .  .  .  .010 

Bedd'  \j(i.  ext*. — G-ardiani  ecclesie  parochialis  de  Wrexham  tenet 
libere  vnam  domum  soholarem  ibidem  et  gardinu'  adiacen'  con- 
tinen' per  estimac'o'em  vnam  Bodam  .         schoole  house 

Bedd' xj.  ext'. —Bichardus  Beniamin  lanio  tenet  libere  vnum  mes- 
suagium  vel  tenementum  in  quo  ipse  inhabitat  iacen'  aduersus 
le  Shirehall  et  adiungen'  super  tenement'  aliquando  Joh'is  Git- 
tins  ex  parte  oocidentali  et  tenementu'  Thomas  ap  John  Bobert 
ex  oriental!  parte  et  duas  parcellas  terre  in  oppidanis  campis 
de  Wrexham  pertinen'  ad  dictum  measuagium  continen'  per 
estimac'o'em  unam  acram  Bedd'      .  .  .1  mess'      100 

Bedd'  ii^'d.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  libere  iure  Ermina  vxoris  eius  vnum 

messuagium gardin'  et  alia  edificia  eidem  p'tinen'  existen' 

dom'  angular'  inter  ambos  vicos  vocat'  le  hope  streetes  aduer- 
sus domum Jeffreys  per  redd'  .  .     i  mess' 

Bedd'  ii^'d.  ext'. — Edwardus  Johnes  G^erins  tenet  libere  duo 
tenementa  horreum  et  curtilagium  in  vico  subter  Cemiterium 
nuper  terr'  Francisci  Git  tins  adiacen'  cot  tag'  Galfridi  ap  Ellis 
continen'  per  estimac'o'em  sex  perticas  Bedd'  .    2  ten'ts 

Bedd'  iiyd.  ext'. — Hugo  Massie  iure  Anna  vxoris  eius  pro  termino 
vite  sue  et  postea  Edwardus  Owen  filius  Joh'is  Owen  desunt 
tenent  libere  unum  tenementum  stabulum  et  curtilagiu'  in  vico 
vocat'  le  highe  streete  extenden'  ad  Cemiterium  quonda'  exis- 
ten' terr'  Egidii  Owen  per  Bedd'      .  .  .1  ten't 

Bedd'  ijd.  ext'. — Dauid  ap  Bobert  de  Buntingdale  tenet  vnam 
parcellam  terre  in  Kae  pant  existen'  quatuor  selion'  cont'  per 
estimac'o'em  vnam  acram  Bedd'      .  .  .100 

Bedd'  viijd.  ext'.— Hugo  Dauid  pistor  tenet  libere  duo  cottagia 


CCCXI  OWGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.   R.   P. 


domu'  pistrinam  horrenm  et in  Lampint  adiacen'  pall  mawr 

existen'  part'  terraru'  quondam  Boberti  Puleston  Armigeri  de 
Bersham  defuncti  continen'  per  estimao'o'em  decern  pertieas 
Kedd'    .  .  .  .  .  .2  cott'      o    o  lo 

Et  quoad  Tenentes  per  dimissionem  dicunt  quod  : 

£edd'  xizs.  ujd.  ob.  ext\  Lease  dat'  2i'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45*0, 
23  yeares  in  being. — Johannes  Jeffreys  Armiger  tenet  Tnum 

capitale  messuag^um  gardina  pomaria  stabulum  et  hor- 

reum  eidem  pertinen*  et  diuersas  clausuras  vel  parcellas  terra- 
rum  in  Wrexham  postea  specificat'  viz.  vnam  clausara'  terre 
vocslV  kaer  groise  unam  clausuram  terre  rocat*  7  kae  mawr 
nnam  aliam  clausuram  terre  vocat'  Pall  j  Wragh  unam  clausu- 
ram terre  vocat'  yr  hirdir  Mawr'  unam  clausuram  terre  vooat' 
y  kae  bychan  p'  Estome  unam  claasuram  terre  vocat'  Estome 
vawr  vnam  parcellam  teiTe  nup'  inclusam  ex  Maes  y  dre  vcha 
duas  parcellas  vocat'  yr  Erwie  bychan  vna'  iacen'  in  Maes  y  dre 
Yoha  et  alter  in  tale  y  g^fer  duas  preterea  paruas  parcellas  in 
campo  vocat'  tale  y  gyfer  unam  clausuram  terre  vocat'  y  kae 
bychan  adiacen'  super  kae  y  Synor  unam  parcellam  in  pant  y 
Crydd  unam  parcellam  vocat'  Errowglaie  in  Maes  y  dre  issa 
unam  parcellam  vocat  peroh  y  Pengloge  quatuor  selion'  in 
Estome  voha  vnam  parcellam  in  bryn  gwian  existen*  3  selion' 
vnam  parcellam  existen'  sex  selion'  in  Maes  y  dre  unam  aliam 
parcellam  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  continen'  in  toto  per  estimac'  .... 
Kedd'    ......        x^li.    24    o    o 

£edd'xvi\j(}.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  unum  tenementum  et  tria  oottag^a 
horreu'  et  vnam  parcellam  terre  iacen'  in  Hope  streete  ex  bore- 
al! parte  concess'  per  predictam  dimissionem  Boberto  ap  Hugh 
inter  alia  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre'  Bedd'        xx«.      020 

Bedd'  \j«.  viijd.  ext*.  Lease  dated  vt  supra. — Idem  tenet  sex  cot- 
tagia  gardin'  et  horreum  ooniunctim  simal  adiaoen'  in  Lampint 
et  tria  cottagia  iacen'  ex  parte  occidentali  vioi  vocat'  y  Lam- 
pint et  qaatuor  parcellas  teir'  et  pasture  in  campis  de  Wrexham 
Prim'  vocat'  y  tyroyth  kymmion  2  Errow  y  streate  3  paroelL' 
iacen'  in  Maes  y  dre  et  quart'  iacen'  prope  paroella'  vooat'  kae 
yr  On  existen'  quondam  terr'  Joh'is  Dauid  ap  John  ap  Hoell  et 
Elizabethe  vxoris  eius  Bedd'  .  .  .  c«.      2    o    o 

Bedd'  viij«.  vd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnum  cottagium  gardinu'  et 
horreum  ex  parte  occidentali  Lampint  et  domin'  scholaii  adia^ 
cen'  unum  claasuram  terre  vocat'  Bae  Smith  et  duas  parcellas 
terre  iacen'  in  pant  y  glouer  duas  etiam  parcellas  iacen'  in  Pant 
y  Crydd  unam  paruam  clausuram  vocat'  Kaer  on  iaoen'  per 
Spittie  unam  parcellam  terre  iacen'  adaersus  gwain  y  ternin 
tres  paruas  parcellas  iacen'  in  Tale  y  gyfer  tres  parcellas  terre 
iacen'  in  Kae  tan  y  Weme  issa  unum  paruum  croftum  terre 
iacen'  inter  perth  y  bengloge  et  terr'  ibidem  tres  paraos  croftos 
in  Maes  y  dre  issa  iacen'  apud  finem  Tyrroyth  Kymmion  tree 
seliones  in  Bryn  gwian  in  Wrexham  vawr  quatuor  seliones  in 
Wrexham  vechan  vocat'  Errowe  goz  duas  parcellas  in  Wrexham 

vechan  vocat'  Erwie  yr  Skybor  continen'  per  estimao' 

redd'     ......         yjU,     n    00 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCxli 

A.   B.  P. 

Bedd'  ujd,  ext'>  23  yeres  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  measna- 
gium  et  gardinum  in  vico  vocat'  Beceauors  streete  adiacen' 

capitali  sao  messuagio  viz.  vbi  coquina  saa  est  et p'  eandem 

concess'  per  dimissionem  inter  alia  Danidi  Hanson  dat*  zxj'o 
Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  .1  mess'  xz<. 

Bedd'  ii\js.  viijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnam  claasuram  terre  vocat' 
Kae  Wadd  cont'  per  estimao'o'em  quatnor  acras  concess'  eidem 
Johanni  Jeffreys  per  dimissionem  datam  30  Julii  A'o  Ja- 
cobi  6  .....        xxxs.      400 

Bedd'  ijjs.  exV,  9  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  has  parcellas  terra- 
ram  sequent es  perquisitas  de  Hugone  ap  Harry  et  Joh'e  ap 
Hagh  ap  Harry  iacen'  in  campis  de  Wrexham  vizt.  tres  parcell' 
iacen'  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  vnam  parcellam  in  Kae  bychan  qae  est 
adaersas  Estane  unam  parcellam  in  Pant  y  Cridd  vna'  parcel- 
lam terre  tiium  selionum  iacen'  in  Maes  y  dre  ?cha  unam  par- 
cellam iaccn'  in  Pull  y  Wragh  unam  clausuram  terre  vocat'  yr 
y  wragh  unam  clausuram  terre  vocat'  yr  hyrdir  bychan  unam 
parcellam  terre  adiungen'  le  hirdlr  Mawr  continen'  p'  estima- 
c'o'em  quinque  acras  concess'  inter  aUa  predicto  Hugoni  ap 
Harry  per  dimissionem  data  xiiij'o  Decembris  A'o  Eliz.  30    xb.      500 

Bedd'  \j«.  vjd.  ext'  — Idem  tenet  tria  cottagia  et  vnum  parvum 
croftum  iisdem  adiacen*  in  Lampint  exi^ten'  aduersus  domum 
Badulphi  ap  Ellis  sobri  feiTarii  dimiss'  inter  alia  Johanni  Ed- 
wards gen'  per dat'30  Julii  A'o  Jacobi  6'o  continen'  p'  esti- 

mac'o'em  unam  Bodam      ...  3  cott'  xl«.      010 

Bedd'  ii\jd.  ext',  23  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  cottagium 
et  gardinum  in  Lampint  adiacen'  cottagio  Edmundi  ap  Kees 
nuper  in  occupac'o'e  Joh'is  ap  Bees  concess'  Johanni  Edwards 
gen'  inter  alia  per  dimissionem  dat'  ifo  Februarii  a'o  Eliz. 

Bedd'  i\J8.  ext',  23  yeares  in  being.— Idem  tenet  duas  clausuras 
terre  adiacen'  super  viam  com'unem  ducen'  ad  Cestren'  aduer- 
sus gwayn  y  teruin  vnam  vocat'  Kae  Erthelad  concess'  inter 
aliaBoberto  Bolde  per  dimissionem  dat'  17*0  Martii  A'o  Eliz  45. 
Bedd'  inde  xxd.  Altera  vocat'  Kae  tan  werne  Acton  concess' 
Hugoni  fiers  inter  alia  p'  dimissionem  dat'  xv^'o  Martii  A'o 
Eliz.  45   .  .  .  .  .  xxiiJ5.  iiijd.      300 

Bedd'  iJ8.  xjd.  ext',  23  vt  supra. — Idem  tenet  duas  clausuras  terr* 
coniunctim  simul  adiacen'  et  vnam  parcellam  in  Maes  y  dre  issa 
vocat'  Errow  glaie  quarum  vna  clausura  vocatur  Perth  y  Pen- 
gloge  concess'  cum  predict'  Errow  glaie  (inter  alia)  Joh'i  Dauid 

per  dimissionem  dat'  sexto  Augusti  A'o  Eliz.  22'o  Bedd' 

inde  xv^d.  et  altera  clausura  vocata  place  yerwarth  ap  Egnion 
al's  Perth  y  penglog  fuit  etiam  concess'  (inter  alia)  p'  dimissio- 
nem Angoni  Bers  geren'  dat'  xvij'o  Martii  A'o  Elizabethe  45 
continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  in  toto     .  .  xxi\j«.  iigd.      300 

Bedd'  xi\jd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terre  iacen'  in  Pull 
y  wragh  unam  parcellam  terre  iacen'  in  Kae  Marthin  Yychan 
et  duas  parcellas  ten-e  iacen'  in  tale  y  gyfer  abuttan'  super  Kae 
y  Sinor  quarum  parcella  in  Pull  y  wragh  fuit  concess'  Joh'i 
Edwards  p'  inter  alia  per  dimissionem  dat'  xv\j'o  die  Pebruarii 


CCCxlii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


▲.  E.  P. 


A'o  Eliz.  45.  Bedd'  ii\jd.  Altere  parcelle  ooncesse  faerant  inter 
alia  Dauidi  Edds'  gen*  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  Decembris 
A'o  Eliz.  23*0  Redd'  inde  ....         xvjt.      200 

£edd'  \j«.  ii^d.  est',  3  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  tene- 
mentum  iacen*  apud  borealem  partem  Cemeterii  et  mode  in 
occapac'o'e  Joh'is  Thomas  per  scalum  aecenden'  in  Cemitei-iu' 
Ecolesia  concesa'  Johanni  Puleston  iun'  per  dimissionem  dat' 
duodecimo  lulii  Anno  Eliz.  24  .  .  tent'  zx5. 

Bedd'  \jd.  ezt',  23  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  paraam  par- 
cellam  terre  iacen'  in  Hyrdir  Mawr  concessam  Dauidi  Hanson 
p'  dimissionem  (inter  alia)  dat'  24*0  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45 

Bedd'  vjd.  ezt\ — Idem  tenet  vnum  cottagium  et  gardinu'  iacen'  in 
Lampint  nuper  in  occupac'o'e  Joh'is  Dauid  Cawley     xiijs.  ii^jd.      o    o  20 

Bedd'  viy d.  ext',  23  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  dausuram 
terre  iacen'  ex  occidentali  parte  vie  Cestrensis  vocat'  y  kae  new- 
ydd  adiacen'  super  tale  y  gifer  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam 
acram  et  dimid'  concess'  (inter  alia)  Nich'o  ap  Jo'n'  Edd'  per 
dimissionem  Dat'  xzj'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  Bedd' 

Bedd'  ijd.  ext',  23  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  in&a  clausuram 
Dauidis  ap  John  Bobert  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  vuam  parcellam  ex- 
isten'  pars  terrarum  nuper  Hugonis  ap  Bobert  ap  Dauid  con- 
cess' (inter  alia)  Hugoni  Meredith  Armiger  per  dimissionem 
dat'  21 'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .     $y.  $d.  ob.,  iijs.      o    i    o 

Bedd'  x\jd.  ext',  11  years  expired. — Hugo  Meredith  Armiger  tenet 
vnum  messuagium  officinam  et  curtilagium  ex  parte  boreali 
vici  vocat'  le  highe  streete  nuper  in  occupac'o'e  Will'i  Stilles 
adiacen'  super  terras  vocat'  Tir  gwalchmaii  concess'  Boberto 
Puleston  inter  alia  per  dimissionem  dat'  27*0  Maii  A'o  Eliz. 
decimo  ....  xxvjs.  viiid.      006 

Bedd' xijd.  ext',  11  yeares  expired  vt  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnu* 

messuagium  cum  vn'  vstrinam eidem  pertinen'  iacen'  sub- 

ter  Cemeteriu'  dimiss'  (vt  presertur)  Bob'to  Puleston  et  conti- 
nen' per  estimac'o'em  octo  perticas  Bedd'    Dat'  vt  supra    xU. 

a  mess' 

Bedd'xd.  est',  7  yeares  in  being. — Thomas  Gouldsmith  tenet  vnum 
messuag'  et  curtilagiu'  ex  parte  boreali  vioi  vocat'  the  church 
streete  nuper  in  occupac'o'e  Hugonis  Q-ruffith  concess' per  dimis- 
sionem Dat'  14  octobris  A'o  Elizabethe  28  contin'  per  estima- 
c'o'em sex  perticas  .  .  .  xxxs.  a  mess' 

Bedd'  xvd.  ext'  9  yeres  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  messuagiu' 
horreum  et  curtelagiu'  eidem  pertinen'  in  Lampint  concess' 
Hugoni  Parry  (inter  alia)  per  dimissionem  dat'  xiii^'o  Februarii 
A'o  Eliz.  30  .  .  xxi\j<.  ii^d.  a  mess'      o    o  14 

Bedd'  vjs.  vd.  ext',  23  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  clausu- 
ram terre  vocat'  Eaer  vron  vnam  parcellam  eidem  adiacen'  vo- 
cat' the  litle  Borthgrey  medietatem  parcelle  vocat'  accre  hirrion 
vnam  parcellam  terre  iacen'  in  Maes  y  dre  vcha  vnam  parcellam 
in  Tale  y  gyfer  vnam  parcellam  in  Pant  y  gloner  unam  aliam 
parcellam  terre  in  Pant  y  Crydd  concess'  inter  alia  p'  dimissio- 
nem Hugoni  Meredith  Dat'  xxj'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  yj/i.  10  o  o 
M'd. — That  there  is  one  litle  parcel!  of  land  in  Ackrey  hir- 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCxliii 

A.  B.  r. 
lion,  being  part  of  the  late  lands  of  Bobt.  ap  Edward  ap 

Hoell  ap  Haddock,  and  is  comprehended  under  the  same 

rent.    The  same. 

Bedd'  yy«.  ext*,  23  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  alteram  medie- 
tatem  sou  mediam  partem  Accre  y  hirrion  et  vnam  aliam  par- 
cellam  vocat'  the  long  borthg^ey  concess*  inter  alia  Joh'i  ap 
Bees  per  diraissionem  dat'  zv\j'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  oontinen' 
per  estimac'o'em  ....        xigs.      120 

Bedd'  xizd.  ext',  10  yeares  expired. — Idem  tenet  vnam  aliam  par- 
cellam  terre  iacen*  in  Tale  y  gyfer  concess'  inter  alia  Johanni 
Edwards  per  dimissionem  dat'  xv\j*o  Februarii  A'o  Eliz.  45. 
Bedd*  inde  ii^'d.  Et  vnam  aliam  parcellam  terre  vocat'  y  kae 
bychan  adiacen'  kaer  kyddion  per  dimissionem  quoque  dat'  xvj'o 
Februarii  A*o  Eliz.  xj'o     ....         xvj«.      200 

Bedd'  vs.  ext',  23  yeares  in  being. — Danid  ap  John  Bobert  tenet 
vnnm  messuagium  officinam  et  curtelagiu'  in  qao  Joh'es  Coyt- 
mor  modo  inhabitat  existen'  quondam  parcel?  terrarum  Bob'ti 
ap  Dauid  ap  John  Tona  concess'  inter  alia  Hugoni  Meredith  per 
dimissionem  dat'  zxj'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45  i  mess' 

xxsi^s.  iiijd.      004 

Bedd'  Tvid.  ext',  7  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  vstrinam 

curtilagiu'  et  gardinn' et  alia  edificia  vltimo  messuagio 

recitat'  pertinen'  concess'  inter  alia  Jane  Trafford  per  dimissio- 
nem   Dat'  primo  Augusti  A'o  Eliz.  28  .  .    xxx5.    o    o  10 

Bedd'  xd.  ext',  29  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  messnag'  et 
pomariu'  in  vioo  vocat'  le  highe  streete  prope  forum  bestial'  ex- 
isten'  vna  duodecem  messuag^orum  concess'  Johanni  Edwards 
et  Dauidi  Speede  per  dimissionem  dat'  30  Julii  A'o  Jacobi  sexto 

I  mess'    xxx«.       100 

II  yeares  expired. — Idem  tenet  duas  parcellas  terr'  vocat'  Erwie 
yr  pull  iacen'  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  per  dimissionem  dat'  27*0  Maii 
A'o  Eliz.  decimo  ....         vi^'«.       100 

29  yeares  in  being.— Idem  tenet  dual'  alias  parcellas  terr'  iacen' 
in  Maes  y  dre  existen'  quondam  parcell'  terr'  Boberti  ap  Dauid 
ap  John  Tona  per  dimissionem  dat'21'0  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45   xvj<.      100 

Bedd'  ii«.  vi^d.  ext',  2  yeares  in  being. — Idem  tenet  duas  parcel- 
las terr'  iacen'  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  vnam  vocat'  Errow  glaii  et 

alteram  existen'  quatuor  selion' concess' per  dimissionem 

dat'  decimo  Decembris  Anno  23  Eliz.  .  .         xvjs.      100 

2  yeres  in,  ut  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnam  aliam  parcellam  terr'  in 
Maes  y  dre  issa  nuper  terr'  Joh'is  ap  John  Hughe  per  dimissio- 
nem dat'  decimo  octauo  Decembri  Anno  Eliz.  23*0  vi^«.      100 

The  Ben  tall  is  ii^jd.  short.  400 

Bedd'  ii\j«.  ext'.  This  wajs  surrendered  6  Eliz.,  before  a  lease  was 
graunted,  contrary  to  order.  Expired  14  years  since.—  Owinus 
Johannes  Boodle  tenet  vnura  tenementum  modo  in  duas  partes  ' 
diuisum  cum  officina  vstrina  et  curtilagio  adiacen'  existen'  ad- 
versus  le  Shirehall  in  Wrexham  vna  pars  eiusdem  concessa  fuit 
per  dimissionem  Jane  Trafford  Dat'  I'o  Augusti  A'o  Eliz.  28 
Bedd'  inde  xxd.  et  altera  existen'  parcell'  terr'  Joh'is  GKttins 


CCCxliv  ORIGINAL  POCUMENTS. 


A.  B.  p. 


similiter  dimiss'  fait viy'o  Jnly  A*o  Eliz.  7    Redd'  y«. 

iiyd.      .  .  .  .  .a  ten't,  etc.,  x\».      008 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ext',  23  yearea  in  being. — Georgius  Lloyd  Idem  tenet 
unum  horreum  per  magnnm  stagnum  in  foro  bestiali  et  duaa 
parcellas  terraru'  eidem  horreo  spectan*  oontinen'  per  estima- 
c'o*em  I  ar'  Que  premissa  vitim'  menconata  concessa  fiiere  per 
dimissionem  Oweni  Jones  dat*  16  Martii  A*o  Eliz.  45   ziij^.iiijd.       100 

Bedd*ij«.ezt\23  vt  supra. — John  Dauid  Thomas  tenet  vnum  tene- 
mentum  et  gardinu'  in  vico  vocat'  Hope  Streete  per  dimissio- 
nem  dat'  xvij'o  Mart\j  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  i  tent'    its.      008 

£edd'  xxjd.  ob.  ext',  1 1  yea'  expired. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam 
terr'  iacen'  in  Maes  Estome  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  tres  acraa 
per  seperales  dimissiones  ynam  dat*  30  Julii  6  Jacobi  alter'  27 
Maii  Anno  Eliz.  10  .  .  .  xxvjs.  vi^d.       300 

Bedd'  Tiiid.  ext\  23  yeares  in  being. — Bicbardus  Beniamin  heres 
Thome  Qouldsmith  iure  Ermine  vxoris  eius  t-enet  unum  tene- 
mentum  et  officinam  in  vico  vooato  the  Church  street  adiaeen' 
tenemento  Hugoni  Meredith  Ar*  per  dimissionem  daf  2i'o 
Martii  A'o  45  Eliz.  ....         ten't 

Bedd'  ii^d.  ext'  23  yt  supra. — Bichardns  Beniamin  Idem  tenet 
vnum  paiTium  cottagiu'  in  inferiori  hope  streete  per  dimissio- 
nem daf  decimo  septimo  Februar'  Anno  Eliz.  45      cottage  lx<. 

Bedd'  viy«.  vjd.  ext',  23  vt  supra. — Bobertus  Sonlley  (dd'  ap  dd') 
Armiger  tenet  vnum  specioeum  tenementum  et  alia  necessaria 
edifida  cum  duobus  gardinis  in  vico  Beceptoris  per  dimisstonem 
daf  xv\j'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45  a  faire  ten't  xlvJ9.  viijd.      o    I    o 

Bedd'  ij8.  yjd.  exf ,  23  ut  supra. — Thomas  Mores  horee  Dauidis 
Hanson  tenet  •  vnum  ■  messuag^um  et  ourtilagiu'  cum  diuersia 
edificiis  in  occupao'o'e  Edwardi  ap  Bichard  et  Lodouici  ap  Owen 
iacen'  in  uico  Beceptoris  et  unum  horreum  trium  spaciorum  in 
vico  vocaf  hope  streete  et  paruam  parcellam  terre  eidem  adia- 
een' continen'  per  estimac'o'em  decern  perticas  per  dimissionem 
daf  2i'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  ten'te  xxxiijs.  iiijd.      o    o  10 

ii  yeres  expired. — Idem  tenet  Vnum  toftum  seu  gardinu'  per  glan 
yr  Haan  per  dimissionem  daf  27*0  Mali  A'o  EUz.  decimo     xxs.      010 

Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terre  iacen'  inter  inferiorem  vicum 
qui  vocatur  hope  streete  et  Lampint  per  borealem  partem  Daui- 
dis ap  Hugh  ap  Edwards  pomarii    .  .  .  xxs.      020 

Bedd'  icjs.  exf,  29  yeares  in  being. — Eduardus  Dauies  tenet  vnum 
pulchrum  tenementum  tres  officinas  stabulum  et  curtelaginm 
iuxta  Crucem  apud  borealem  partem  le  Shire  hall  continen'  p' 
estimac'o'em  octo  perticas  Et  vnum  aliud  pulchrum  tenemen- 
tum cum  duabus  officinis  et  curtilag'  apud  finem  occidentalem 
le  Shire  hall  Et  tria  cottagia  gardinu'  et  apud  finem  occiden- 
talem vici  vocaf  Abbotts  streete  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
decern  perticas  Et  vnam  paruam  parcella'  terraru'  vocaf  y 
Spittle  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  vnam  rodam  concess'  Marga- 
rete  Dauies  p'  dimissionem  daf  30  Julii  A'o  Jacobi  6 

Bedd'xiJA.  vjd.exf ,  15  or  16  yeares  since  expired. — Henricus  Salas- 
burie  miles  et  Baronetf  tenet  vnum  tenementum  adiaeen'  iuxta 
finem  occidentalem  Cemeterii  in  venella  ducen'  ad  glan  yr  Anon 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCxlv 

A.    B.  P. 

£t  tria  tenementa  in  vico  vocat'  Highe  Streete  iuxta  orucem 
vocat'  tir  gwalchmaii  absq'  aliquo  curtelagio  et  adiacen'  super 
tenement*  Hugonis  Meredith  ex  oriental!  parte  per  concesaio- 
nem  dat'  ••.••• 

Bedd'  \js.  ext.,  i  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  tenementum 
o£Scinam  et  cortilagiu*  adiacen'  super  borealem  partem  trium 
tenementorum  vltim'  mencon'at  conoess'  per  dimissionem  dat' 
6*0  Augosti  A'o  Eliz*  22*0  .  .  ten'te  tlUjs. 

Eedd'  ii\jd.  ext'^  L.  44  Eliz.,  23  yeres  in  being. — Bobertus  Pole- 
ston  Ar*  tenet  5  selionee  terr'  in  Wrexham  vechan  vocat'  Errow 
goz  p'  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  septimo  die  Martii  Anno  regni 
Elizabethe  Qaadragesimo  qainto    •  .  iij*,  iiijd.      010 

Bedd'  ijs.  ijd.  exV,  30  yeres  in  being. — Bichardos  ap  Ellis  Tuddir 
tenet  tria  cottagia  et  gardina  iacen'  per  glan  yr  Anon  continen' 
per  eetimao'o'em  decem  partioas  ooncess'  per  dimissionem  dat' 
ig'o  Augosti  Anno  Jacobi  7*0  .  .3  cottages  xxxs. 

Bedd'  vj«.  ext'. — Barth'us  Edwards  tenet  vnum  tenementu'  et  duo 
spacia  edificiorum  curtilagium  et  vstrinam  in  vico  ducen'  ad 
glan  yr  Auon  per  dimissionem  dat'  xvij'o  Februarii  A'o  Eliz.  45 

ten'te  xx«. 

Bedd'  vj«.  vi^jd.  ext'>  29  yea'  in  being. — Thomas  ap  Jo'n  Bobert 
tenet  vnum  tenementum  cum  officinis  et  suboellariiB  et  aliis 
officiis  necessariis  existen'  tenement'  angular'  in  vico  vocat'  the 
Church  Streete  ex  parte  occidentali  per  dimissionem  dat'  30 
Jnlii  anno  Jacobi  sexto     .  .  .  ten'te  xls. 

Bedd'  xig«.  ii\jd.  ext',  2  yea'  in  being. — Edwardus  Owen  tenet 
vnum  tenementum  in  vico  vocat'  le  Church  streete  adiacen' 
Cemeter'  concess'  Dauidi  Edwards  per  dimissionem  dat'  x'o 
Decembris  Anno  Elus.  23  .  .  .  ten'te  xls. 

Thomas  Gk>nldsmith  payeth  viijd.  of  this  rent.  Bedd'  ijs,,  23  yea' 
in  being. — Thomas  ap  Bichard  tenet  vnum  tenementum  (iure 
Anne  vxoris  eius)  iaoen'  in  orientali  angulo  vici  vocat'  Church 
streete  cum  officinis  et  cellariis  iuxta  Crucem  concess'  p'  dimis- 
sionem Johanni  Bobert  et  Catherine  vxori  eius  dat'  21  Martii 
A'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  •  .  ten'te  xb. 

Bedd' v|jd.  ext',  i  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  horreu'  quinque 
spacia  edificior  et  pomar*  adiacen'  duo  cottagia  quoq'  eidem 
pertinen'  in  Lampint  contin'  p'  estimac'o'em  dimid'  Bode  con- 
cess' Joh'i  Dauid  chirothecario  per  dimissionem  dat'  6'o  Augusti 
A'o  Eliz.  22         .  •  .  •  • 

Bedd'  in  toto  xxxij«.  vi^d.  ext',  2  yea'  in  being. — ^Valentinus  Til- 
ston  tenet  vnum  tenementum  in  le  Highe  streete  vocat'  y  Ty 

Mawr  cum  officinis  quondam  terr' Stockley  et  adiacen' 

Cemetario  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  Decembris  Anno  Eliz. 
23         .  .  .  .  ten'te  xxzi^js.  iigd. 

23  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnum  aliud  tenementum  eidem  ad- 
iacen' cum  officinis  et  curtilag*  in  le  Highe  Streete  per  dimissi- 
onem dat'  xv^'o  Februarii  Anno  EUz.  45       .  ten'te  xls. 

7  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  quatuor  parva  cottagia  et  gardina 
in  vico  snbter  aut  infra  Cemeteriu'  ducen'  a  le  highe  streete 

2  t 


OCCXlvi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


▲.  B.  P. 


versos  le  Greene  per  dimissionem  dat'  quarto  Octobris  A'o 
Eliz.  tS  4  small  cot>tages  xxrjs.  viijd. 

2  yea'  in  being.— Idem  tenet  duo  cottagia  et  gardina  ez  boreali 
parte  veneUe  ducen'  a  Cemiterio  versus  le  Greene  necnon  octo 
parcellaa  ten'  ez  orientali  parte  fori  bestialis  AngUce  Beast 
Markett  in  Bryn  gwain  continen'  per  estimacVem  decern  acras 
per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  Decembris  A'o  Elizabethe  23 

2  cottages  cziijs.  ii^jd.     10    o   0 
He  holdes  by  3  seueraU  leases,  w'ch  he  shewee  not,  and  yet 
paies  his  rent  for  all  in  grosse,  the  said  leases  haning  seae- 
ral  determinations. 

Bedd'  ii^s.  ^d.  exV,  waste  iigtf.  ezt',  23  yea'  in  being. — ^Hngo 
liassie  iure  Anne  eius  vzoris  tenet  vnnm  pulchmm  tenemen- 
tum  habens  sig^um  oorone  pro  termino  vite  sue  et  post  eius 
decessum  remanere  Edwardo  Owen  filio  Joh'is  Owen  per  dimis- 
sionem dat'  decimo  septimo  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45        ten'te  Ixs. 

Bedd'  Y8,  btV,  ezpired  117  since.— Gabriel  Goodman  Armiger 
tenet  unn'  messnagium  in  vico  vocat'  le  High  Streete  cum  cur- 
telagio  eidem  adiaoen'  eztenden'  vsque  ad  cemitarin'  per  dimis- 
sionem Johanni  Roberts  concess'  dat'  27  Mali  Anno  Eliz.  10 

ten'te  xxxa. 

Bedd'  vs.  zzd.  ezt',  23  y.  in  being. — Johannes  Jones  tenet  vnum 
tenementum  in  le  Highe  streete  et  curtilagium  Tenemento 
adiacen'  Gabrielis  Goodman  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  sezto 
die  Jalii  Anno  Elizabethe  .  ten'te  zz^s.  vigd. 

Bedd'  zvjd.  ezt',  23  y.  in  being. — John  ap  John  bestiarius  tenet 
vnum  messuagin'  in  le  High  Streete  et  curtelag'  adiacen'  tene- 
mento Johanni  Jones  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  septimo  die 
Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  ten'te  zziijt.  iiijd. 

Bedd'  y«.  ijd.  exV, ,  23  yea'  ut  supra.—  Idem  tenet  vnum  messu- 
agia'  cum  stabulo  offioina  et  curtilag'  ez  boreali  parte  le  Highe 
streete  adiacen'  tenem'to  Dorothee  Ellis  per  dimissionem  dai' 
vt  supra  .  .  .  messuage  ttvjs.  viijd. 

Bedd'  zvjd.  ezt',  ventall  ys,,  23  vt  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnum  clau- 
suram  terre  vocat'  Eae  Dibbin  iacen'  in  Wrexham  vechan  con- 
tin'  per  estimao'o'em  vnam  acram  per  dimissionem  dat'  vt 
supra    ......        vi^s.       100 

Bedd'  iiu«.  yd.  ezt'. — Margareta  Garden  vidua  tenet  vnum  tene- 
mentum in  le  highe  streete  cum  officinis  ot  curtilag'  extenden' 
ad  cemetarium  per  dimissionem  dat'  .  ten'te  xls. 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being.— Hugo  ap  Bobert  chirotheca- 
rius  tenet  duo  tenementa  et  gardin'  in  uico  subtus  Cemiteriu* 
adiacen'  tenemento  Bichardi  Hall  per  dimissionem  (inter  alia) 
Boberto  Bould  dat'  zv|j'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45 

2  ten'tes  zxtJ9.  viijd. 

Bedd'  zzd.  ezt',  2  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnnm  tenementum 
in  le  highe  streete  cum  officinis  et  curtilag*  adiacen'  tenemento 
Hugoni  Meredith  ez  occiden'  et  tenement*  Bichardi  Hopkin  ez 
orien'  per  dimissionem  Dauidi  Edwards  inter  alia  concess'  dat' 
decimo  Decembris  Anno  Eliz.  23     .  ten'te  zxyjs.  riijd. 

Bedd*  zzd.  ezt',  23  yea'  in  being.— Idem  tenet  vnum  clausuram 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCxlvii 

A.    B.   P. 

▼ocat'  Bryn  y  Crogwydd  p'  dimissionem  dat'  xv^'o  liartii  Anno 

Eliz.  45  .....         XZ8.      200 

Kedd'  xd,  ezf «  2  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  tree  parcellas  terr*  in 
campo  vooat'  kaer  on  qnara*  duo  parcelle  fherant  dimisse  Dauidi 
Edwards  per dat'  deoimo  Decembris  A'o  Eliz.  23  v\j<.      i     i    o 

Bedd'  xd.  ext*,  23  yea'  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnnm  aliam  parcel- 
lam  conoess'  Boberto  Bould  per  dimiseionem  dat'  dedmo  septi- 
mo  Martii  A'o  Elizabethe  K'ne  qaadragesimo  quinto    vjt.  vi^jd. 

Eedd'  yj(2.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Bichardns  Hall  tenet  vnum 
tenementam  et  gardinu'  in  vioo  snbtaa  Oemiteria'  oontin'  per 
estimationem  octo  perticas  dimiss'  (inter  alia)  Francisco  Lloyd 
dat'  ^*'o  Decembris  Anno  Eliz.  45    .  ten'te  xxig«.  vi^d. 

Eedd'  3d.,  23  yea'  in  being. — Eichardas  Trenor  miles^  tenet  vnum 
pulchru*  tenementam  nuper  edificatn'  inxta  monticulum  ib'm 
vocat'  y  brin  cam  gardino  eidem  adiacen'  dimiss'  inter  alia 
Francisco  Lloyd  dat'  ij'o  Decemb'  A'o  Elizabethe  45  ten'te  lx«.      o    i    o 

Bedd'  3d.,  23  yea'  at  sapra. — Idem  tenet  tria  cottag^a  gardin'  et 
atabola'  simal  adiacen'  in  Tico  daoen'  versas  y  bont  bren  per 
dimissionem  ooncess'  Francisco  Lloyd  dat'  ij'o  Decembris  A'o 
Eliz.  45  ...  3  oott'  xxvj«.  vi\jd. 

Kedd'  xi\js.  iiijd.  ext',  22  y.  in  being. — Hago  ap  Bobert  (Bio'as 
Haghes)  ooriarias  fcenet  palcbram  tenementam  cam  curtilag* 
et  g&rdin'  iaoen'  saper  montem  ib'm  vocat'  Place  Steward  per 
viam  dacen'  a  Cemiterio  ▼ersoa  le  Greene  anam  cottagium  et 
gardina'  eidem  pertinen'  ex  oocidentali  parte  viridis  predict' 
Et  vnum  aliad  tenementam  oartelagiam  et  gardina'  in  ocoapa- 
c'o'e  Jacobi  ap  John  direote  opposite  adaersas  Place  Steward 
£t  5  daasaras  tetre  quara'  prima  vocatur  Bryn  y  vagh  oont'  per 
estimac'o'em  quataor  acras  2'da  qae  est  parcella  prati  iacen' 
apad  pedem  eiasdem  3'a  existen'  vna'  alia'  prata'  eidem  adia- 
cen' cont'  per  estimac'o'em acras  4'ta  qae  etiam  est  vna 

altera  parcella  adiacen'  vocatar  Eae  Denter  5'ta  item  est  vna 
alia  claasura  ibidem  vocat'  Bryn  y  vellin  per  dimissionem  con- 
cess'  Thome  Wyne  inter  alia  dat'  xv^''o  Martii  A'o  Elizabethe  45 

2  ten'tes  i  cottage  vi^jU.  xd.      900 
M'd  that  Kae  Denter  is  in  Jane  Traffords  lease,  dated  prime 
Augusti  Anno  Elizabethe  28.    Bent  ijd.,  5  years  in  beynge. 

Bedd'  i^«.  ii\jd.  ext'  c,  29  yea'  in  being. — D'na  Sasanna  Paleaton' 
tenet  libere  vnam  palohrum  tenementa'  cam  cartelag'  et  gar- 
din'  vocat'  Place  jr  Eacob  Et  vnum  aliud  messuagium  et  gar- 
dina' eidem  pertinen'  in  occupac'o'e  Evan  Lewes  per  dimissio- 
nem concess'  Johanni  Edwards  et  Dauidi  Speed  generoso  geren' 
dat'  3'o  Julii  Anno  Begni  d'ni  n'ri  Jacobi  sexto 

ten'te  xxxi^js.  iiijd. 

Bedd'  ii\]<.  iiijd.  ob.  ext'.  It  was  surrendered  by  John  Hughes  to 
John  ap  Edw.  vidian  before  he  had  a  lease  cont'  ordinar*.    23 


1  Sir  Eichard  Trevor  of  Trefalun,  Knt. 

3  Susan,  Lady  Puleston,  was  a  daughter  of  Sir  George  Bromley,  Ent.,  and 
relict  of  Sir  Boger  Puleston  of  Einerallt,  Knt.,  wlio  died  without  issue. 


CCCxlviii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A..  B.  P. 


yeares  in  being. — Nicholaoa  ap  Jolin  Edward  tenet  duo  cottagia 
duo  horrea  adnersas  domn'  saam  man'conalem  Et  domum  in 
qua  habitat  cum  pomario  et  vstrina  eidem  adiacen'  omnesq'  h&s 
parcellas  terrani'  quaru'  Errow  gam  vocatur  prima  seounda 
Gwrich  Coedeog  vcha  tertia  2  parcell'  in  kae  tan  y  werne  issa 
quarta  y  kae  Claie  quinta  un'  parcell'  indas'  in  kae  tan  y  weme 
Acton  vcha  iuxta  viam  Begiam  per  dinussionem  sibi  (inter  alia) 
concess'    Dat'  21  Martii  Anno  EUz.  45        2  cottages  liij^.  iigd.      200 

Redd*  iijd.  exf,  23  yea*  nt  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam 
▼ocat*  yr  adwy  vawr  quondam  parcell'  terrarum  Bichardi  Smith 
per  dimissionem  vt  supra  .  •  •  vs.      o    2    o 

Bedd*  izd,  ext',  23  yea'  ut  supra. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam 
terre  prope  domum  suam  man'conalem  yooat'  Errow  Evane  ap 
Jenkin  alias  Errow  Vawr  concess*  Hugoni  Bers  per  dimissionem 
(inter  alia)  dat'  17  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  yjt.      030 

Redd*  iiijd.  ext*,  23  yeares  ut  supra.— Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam 
in  £ae  tan  y  weme  vcha  dimiss*  inter  alia  Joh*i  ap  Beee  dat'  vt 
supra  et  vltimo  menc'onat'  •  .  .  ujs.      o    o  20 

Bedd'  \jd.  ext*,  the  sum  was  ii^jd.^  23  yea'  vt  supra. — Idem  tenet 
vnam  parcella'  terre  in  clausura  vocat*  Adwy  vawr  dimiss*  inter 
alia  Johanni  Thomas  per vltimo  menc'onat'        «  .      o    o  ao 

Bedd*  jd.  ext'^  2  yea*  in  being. — Idem  tenet  quatuor  selionee  in 
clausura  vocat*  Eae  bychan  perquisit*  de  Hugone  ap  Harry  per 
dimissionem  dat*  14  Decembris  A*o  Eliz.  30  .  lis.      o    o    8 

Bedd*  i\jf .  ext*>  2  yea*  in  being. — Idem  tenet  duas  parcellas  terr* 
in  clausura  vocut'  kae  tan  y  weme  ooncess'  Dauidi  Edwards 
iuniori  per  dimissionem  dat*  18  Decembris  A*o  Eliz.  23  gs.      o    o  10 

Bedd*  xvjd.  ext*. — Idem  tenet  quatuor  parcellas  terr*  prima  voca- 
tur  y  gwrich  Coedeog  secunda  paroell*  in  kae  bychan  tertia  par- 
cell*  in  kae  tan  y  weme  vcha  et  quarta  iacet  per  kae  Beoeauo' 
concess*  per  dimissionem  inter  alia  Johanni  Edward  Vaughan 
dat'  sexto  Augusti  Anno  Eliz.  22*0  .  li^s.  iiid.      700 

M*. — The  Bailiff  recyveth  per  more  by  his  Ben  tall  Vch  he 
sayth  Mr.  Geffreys  must  paye  &  payeth. 

Bedd*  x^d.  ext*,  23  yeai-s  in  being,  seruay  was  i6d. — Joh'es  Nicho- 
las tenet  curtilaginm  et  gardinum  aoBacen*  tenemento  Jane 
Gerrard  existen*  ex  parte  occidentali  fori  bestialis  per  dimissio- 
nem dat*  21  Martii  A*o  Eliz.  45        .  .  ten'te  xxs. 

Bedd*vjd.  ext*. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terre  in  Bryn  gwyan 
prope  le  Beast  markett  per  dimissionem  dat*  xv^*o  Martii  Anno 
Eliz.  45  continen'  dimid*  Bode  Bedd*  .  i\j«.  iiijd.      o    o  20 

Idem  tenet  vnum  domum  et  vstrinam  nuper  edificat*  super  par- 
tem gardini  adiacen*  foro  bestiali  ten*t  per  ultimam  dimissionem 
menc*onat*  .  .  .  .  .  v<. 

Bedd*  iiyd.  ext',  17  y.  in  being.—WiU'us  (widowe)  Wright  tenet 
vnum  cottagium  adiacen*  tenemento  Johanni  Nicholas  per  cot- 
tage dimissionem  dat*       .  .  .  .  xs. 

Bedd*  xvjd.  ext*,  23  yea'  ut  supra.--Will*u8  Gruffith  (Bich*u8  ap 
Will*m)  tenet  vnum  tenementum  gordin'  et  Officinam  Fabri  fer- 
rani  iacen*  ex  parte  boreali  fori  bestialis  per  dimissionem  dat* 
xvij*o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  .  ten*te 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCxlix 

A.   B.   P. 

Bedd'  iUjd.  ezt'>  23  yea'  at  Bupra. — Bobertus  ap  Hughe  tenet  tria 
pama  cottagia  et  vnam  orofbum  in  vico  vocat*  Beast  market 
streete  continen'  per  estimao'o'em  vnam  rodam  per  dimissionem 
dat'  xvij*o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45      .  •  3  cott'  zU.       010 

Bedd'  mjd.  eit',  23  yea'  ut  supra. — Bobertus  ap  Bobert  tenet  qua- 
tuor  cottagia  gardinu'  in  vico  vocat'  le  Beast  markett  per  dimis- 
sionem dat'  2i'o  Martii  Anno  EHz.  45  .4  cott'  xlyj«.  vigd. 

Bedd'  ii^d.  ezt\  ^  yea'  ezpired. — Hugo  ap  Bobert  de  Hoult  tenet 
quatnor  parua  cottagia  ibidem  et  septem  seliones  terr'  iisdem 
adiacen'  in  vico  vocat'  le  Beast  markett  per  dimissionem  dat' 
27*0  Maii  Anno  Eliz.  decimo  .  .  4  cott'  jlvjs.  yi\jd. 

Bedd'  iiij3.  yjd.  ezt'»  29  yea'  in  being. — Bichardus  Dauids  de  Lon- 
don' tenet  tria  tenementa  in  vico  ducen'  versus  foru'  bestiale 

cum  pistrino et  curtilagio  per  dimissionem  concess'  dauidi 

Speed  et  Johanni  Edwards  dat'  30  Julii  Anno  Jacobi  6 

3  ten'tes  ligs.  ii^d. 

Bedd'  z\jd.  ezt',  23  yeares  in  being. — Joh'es  Dauid  Thomas  tenet 
vnam  parcellam  terr'  iacen'  in  remotioii  fine  de  Estome  vocat' 
y  dole  per  Bivulum  et  duas  paroellas  ibidem  amplius  continen' 
per  estimac'o'em  vnam  acram  et  dimid'  in  dimissione  !Etoberti 
Bould  dat'  17*0  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45  .  .  zzs.      120 

Bedd'  zzd.  ezt',  29  yea'  in  being. — Owenus  Qriffith  de  Gourton 
tenet  vnum  tenementum  et  gardinu'  in  vico  ducen'  ad  forum 
bestiale  in  occupac'o'e  Edwardi  Allington  per  dimissionem  dat' 
30  Julii  anno  Jacobi  sezto  .  .  ten'te  zzvj«.  viijd. 

Bedd'  zgd.  ext\  29  yea'  ut  supra. — Dauid  ap  Owen  tenet  vnum 
tenementum  et  gardinum  ibidem  adiacen'  tenemento  Oweno 
Gruffith  per  dimissionem  dat'  30  Julii  Anno  Jacobi  sezto 

ten'te  zzvjs.  vigd. 

Bedd'  YVQ8.,  29  yea'  ut  supra. — Bogerus  Boydon  Armiger  tenet 
vnum  tenementum  et  gardinum  ibidem  adiacen'  tenemento 
Dauid  ap  Owen  ten't  per  dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat'  Et 
vnum  aliud  tenementum  officinam  et  curtilag'  in  angulo  vici 
vocat'  the  Highe  Streete  verten'  ad  Lampint  ten't  similiter  per 
predict'  dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat'         •  ten'te  Izs. 

Bedd'  igs.  yjd,  ezt',  6  y.  since  ezpired  0. — Edwardus  Puleston^ 
Armiger  tenet  vnum  tenementum  et  gardinu'  cum  pomario  ad- 
iacen' tenemento  Dauidis  ap  John  Bobert  Et  hortum  in  foro 
bestiali  oppositum  dicto  tenemento  per  dimissionem  dat'  zv'o 
Junii  Anno  Eliz.  decimo  quinto  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  di- 
midiu'  rode  .  .  .  .    ten'te  li\js.  ii\jd.      o    o  20 

Nicholas  Fuleston  did  surrender  theis,  12  Eliz.,  to  the  vse  of 
John  Fuleston,  his  sonne.    Ffine,  35. 

Bedd'  zd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being  c. — Idem  tenet  vnum  aliud  mag- 
num horreum  et  cottagiu'  eide'  adiacen'  ezisten'  ez  orientali 
parte  fori  bestiaUs  adiacen'  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  sezto 
Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45  .  •  cott'  &  bame  zvj<. 

'  Edward  Fuleston  of  Trefalun,  Esq.,  was  the  son  of  Edward  Fuleston  of 
Trefalun,  and  Margaret  his  wife,  daughter  and  coheir  of  John  Aimer,  second 
son  of  John  Aimer  of  Fant  lockyn,  Esq. 


CCCI  OMGIKAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  B.  P. 


Sedd*  iijd.  ezV,  22  yea'  in  being.— Joh'ea  ap  John  Eenri<^  tenefc 
vnum  tenementu'  officina  et  gardinu'  iaoen'  in  Hope  streete  per 
dimissionem  daf  xxj'o  Martii  A*o  Eliz.  45     .  ten'te  xx«. 

Bedd^  iyd.  ezt',  23  yeares  at  antea.— rjohannes  Johnson  tenet 
ynam  tenementum  et  gardinn*  in  yioo  vocat'  le  Hope  streete 
ten't  per  dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onafc*       tenent*  xz^'s.  Ti\jd. 

Bedd'  zd,  est',  23  yea'  at  supra. — Dauid  ap  Bobert  alias  Salos- 
bary  tenet  qainqae  paraa  cottagia  de  qainqne  spaoiis  in  vico 
inferiori  vooat'  Lower  Hope  streete  per  dimissionem  daf  xr^j'o 
Febraarii  Anno  Eliz.  45    .  .  .  5  oottag'  Is. 

Bedd'  \js.  eztS  23  yea*  at  sapra. — Daaid  ap  Daaid  tenet  tria  parua 
cottagia  et  gardin'  Et  horrea'  cartilag*  et  gardin'  eisdem  adia- 
cen'  in  inferiori  vioo  vocat'  lower  hope  streete  necnon  vnam  par- 
cella'  terre  vocat'  y  kae  baghe  adiacen^  super  tale  y  gyfer  et  kae 
Synor  ten't  per  dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onat'  oontinen'  per 
estimac'o'em        ....  3  cott'  Is.       120 

Bedd'  ijd,  ezt',  23  yea'  ut  supra.  —Bobertas  Edwards  (Edward  ap 
Bichard)  tenet  vnum  horreu'et  gardin'  eidem  adiacen'oontinen' 
per  estimao'o'em  sex  perticas  per  dimissionem  daf  xv^'o  Martii 
Anno  Eliz.  45     '.  .  .  bame  &  gard'  xxs. 

Bedd'  "xiid,,  rentall  xvjd.  ext',  23  yea'  ut  supra.— Dauid  ap  Hughe 
ap  Edward  tenet  vnum  tenementum  horreum  pomariu'  et  gar- 
din' in  inferiori  vice  vocat'  lower  hope  streete  continen'  per 
estimao'o'em  dimid'  acre  per  dimissionem  daf  dedmo  septimo 
die  Februarii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  ten'te  xxxi\j«.  ii^d.      020 

This  was  surrendered  by  Bobert  ap  Jo'n  Owen,  i2'o  Eliz.,  to 
the  use  of  John  Lloyd>  ffine  xzd.,  before  he  had  a  lease 
againste  the  order. 

Bedd'  xvi\jd.  exf  ^  9  yea'  in  being. — John  ap  Hugh  ap  Hany  tenet 
ex  orientali  parte  vici  vocaf  Lower  Hope  Streete  horreu'  gar- 
din' curtilag'  et  3  oottag'  in  diobo  ourtilagio  p'  dimissionem  daf 
xiiy'o  Decembris  Anno  Eliz.  30  3  cotf  &  barne  xlvjs.  viijd.      006 

Bedd'  xvi\jd.  exf ,  9  yea'  in  being.— Bichardus  John  ap  Euan  tenet 
iure  Catherine  Gittins  vxoris  eius  vnam  vstrinam  et  gardinu' 
adiacen'  tenemento  John  ap  Hughe  ap  Hany  ten't  etiam  per 
dimissionem  vltimo  menc'onaf        .  .   garden,  etc,  xvs. 

Bedd'  xvi\jd.  exf ,  9  yea'  in  being. — Hugo  ap  Ellis  tenet  vnum 
tenementu'  et  gardinum  ibidem  per  dimissionem  vltimo  men- 
c'onaf .....  ten'te  xxs. 

Bedd'  xd.  exf . — Owen  Brereton  Armiger  tenet  vnum  tenementum 
et  gardinu'  cum  curtilagio  in  vioo  vocaf  Beceonors  streete  adia- 
cen' tenemento  Badulphi  Edwards  per  dimissionem  daf 

ten'te  xxvjs.  vi\jd. 

Bedd'  izd.  exf. — Idem  tenet  vnum  toftum  et  gardinum  in  vioo 
vocaf  le  Hope  streete  adiacen'  tenemento  Dauidis  Thomas  per 
dimissionem  daf  ....  tofbe  vs. 

Bedd'  \js.  exf,  one  year  in  being. — Bichardus  Hopkin  iure  Cathe- 
rine vxoris  eius  tenet  vnum  tenementum  offioinam  et  curtila- 
gium  in  vico  vocaf  Highe  streete  per  dimissionem  daf 

ten'te  xxxi^s.  ii^'d. 

Bedd'  izs.  ob.  exf,  wante  i\jd.  ob.  in  this  &  fol.  43,  in  the  some  of 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCCli 

A.   B.  P. 

the  reoeiMie  23a.  iid.,  10  yea*  in  being.— Dorothea  Ellis  de  Alrhey 
vidaa^  tenet  messaagiam  gardinum  et  ofBdnam  in  le  Highe 
Streete  necnon  nomen  paroellas  terr'  eidem  pertinen'  iacen'  in 
Gampis  de  Wrexham  viz't  vnam  parcellam  vocot'  Kae  Claii  in 
Maes  y  dre  issa  vnam  parcellam  in  kae  tan  y  weme  voha  ynoga 
parcellam  in  kae  tan  y  weme  issa  vnam  parcellam  in  kae  bychan 
Tree  parcellas  in  Pant  y  Crydd  dnas  parcellas  in  Tale  y  gyfer 
et  vnam  paraam  parcdlam  in  Kbub  Martin  per  dimissionem 
Ham&ido  Ellis  ooncess'  sub  magno  Sigillo  Anglie  dat'  decimo 
sexto  die  Januarii  A'o  Eliz.  31  continen'  per  estimac'oem  tree 
acras     .....  mess'  &  ii^Zi.      300 

£edd*  xd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Maria  Dauies  tenet  vnam  tene- 
mentum  et  cortelag*  in  vioo  vocat'  le  Highe  streete  per  dimis- 
sionem  dat'  xvij'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45  concess*  Johanni  ap 
Bees  ap  William  (inter  alia)  ten'te  xxxs. 

Bedd'  ij8,  exV,  23  years  in  being. — Hugo  Gruffith  alias  Sayer  (ler- 
wan  Lloyd  ar*)  tenet  vnam  tenementnm  et  curtela'ia'  in  vico 
vocat'  le  Highe  streete  et  duo  cottag^a  eidem  adiacen'  iuxta 
signum  mbri  leonis  per  dimissionem  dat'  seoando  Martii  Anno 
EUz.  45  ....     ten'te  Uijs,  iiijd, 

Bedd'  vj8.  ii^d.  ext\ — Hugo  Jones  de  Pickhill  tenet  vnum  tene- 
mentum  et  g^ardina'  in  vioo  Tocat'  le  Highe  streete  adiacen' 
tenemento  Margarete  Cafden  per  dimissionem  dat'... ten'te  xxx«. 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ext'^  23  yea'  in  being.— Thomas  ap  Hughe  Vaughan 
tenet  vnum  tenementam  gardinum  et  curtilagin'  in  boreali 
parte  vid  vocat'  le  Highe  streete  dncen'  versas  forum  bestiale 
per  dimissionem  dat'  dedmo  sexto  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45 

ten'te  xxxs. 

Bedd'  xii\jd.  ext'>  expired  6  yeare  since. — Joh'ee  Munoksfield  tenet 
vnum  tenementum  in  predicto  vico  gardinu'  et  cartelagiu'  con- 
tinen'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  rodam  per  dimissionem  dat'  15 
Junii  A*o  decimo  quinto  Eliz.  .  .  ten'te  xxxs. 

Bedd'  xii^jd.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Owen  Jones  de  Gourton  gen' 
(Will'm  Jones,  vjd.,  and  Will'm  Blackwell,  vi\jd.)  tenet  duo 
tenementa  et  duo  gardina  simul  adiacen'  in  dicto  vico  per  dimis- 
sionem dat  xvj'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45  2  ten'tes  li^s.  ii^jd. 

Bedd'  xxd.  ext'. — Jana  Garrard  vidua  tenet  vnum  tenementum  et 
gardinu'  in  prefato  vico  adiacen'  tenemento  Johannis  Nicholas 
per  dimissionem  dat'  18  Mali  Anno  Eliz.  xvij'o  ten'te  xxvjs.  vi^d. 

Bedd'  ixd.  ext'  expired  4  y.  since. — Edmundus  ap  Bees  tenet  tria 
cottagia  et  gardinum  in  Lampint  contineu'  per  estimac'o'em 
dimid'  rode  per  dimissionem  dat'  xv\j'o  Februarii  Anno  Eliz.  45 

3  oott'  xxv«.  viyd. 

Bedd'  v^s.  ext',  23  yea'  in  being. — Franciscus  Baylie  tenet  septem 
cottagia  et  horreum  in  Lampint  vnam  parcellam  terre  inclusam 
in  Maes  y  dre  cont'  unam  acram  et  dimid'  unum  croftum  iuxta 
Eae  MawT  cont'  dimid'  rode  duas  parcellas  sexdecem  selionu' 


^  Dorothy  Ellis,  widow  of  Humphrey  Ellis  of  Alrhey,  Esq.,  and  daughter 
and  coheiress  of  Edward  Jones  of  Plds  Cadwg^n,  Esq. 


CCClii  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 

A.  B.  P. 

eimul  adiacen'  in  orientali  fine  de  MaeB  y  dre  issa  cont'  p'  eeid- 
mac'o'em  tres  aoraa  unum  selionem  ibidem  contin'  dimid'  rode 
nna'  aliam  parcellam  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  continen'  tres  rodas  In 
toto  octo  acras  per  dimissionem  concess*  Hugoni  Bers  zv\j*o 
Martii  An^o  Eliz.  45  .  .7  oott'  vili.  jnjs.  ii^d.      S    o   o 

Bedd'  izd.  ext',  29  yea'  in  being. — Jana  Bandle  vidaa  tenet  qua- 
taor  cottagia  gardina  et  dao  horrea  in  veneUa  inter  inferiorem 
vicam  Yocat'  lower  Hope  streete  et  Lampint  per  dimissionem 
dat*  30  Julii  Anno  Jacobi  sexto        .  .  4  cott'  lx«. 

£edd'  ixs.,  23  yea'  in  being.— Hugo  Gruffith  tenet  vnom  tenemen- 
tal unum  pomariu*  gardinam  cottagia*  et  croftam  in  Wrexham 
vechan  Unam  parcellam  terre  iaoen'  ex  boreaJi  parte  domos 
opposite  daas  aUas  parcellas  terr*  vna  vocat'  y  kae  Mawr  et 
altera'  y  kae  Tywnt  yr  Ty  iacen'  in  Wrexham  vechan  Et  vnam 
parcellam  prati  vocaV  y  Weirgloth  vechan  iacen*  iaxta  Montem 
d'ni  Bich'i  Treaor  contin'  per  estimac'o'em  decem  acras  ooncess' 
per  dimissionem  dat'  xv\j'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45 

ten'te  yjli.  xi\j<.  iiyd.    10    o  0 

Ad  volant'.  Bedd'  iy«.  vjd.  ext*,  23  yea*  in  being.— Owentas  ap 
Bobert  ap  John  Gattynee  tenet  vnam  tenementum  in  Wrexham 
vechan  neonon  vnam  poraariam  et  tres  parcellas  terr'  eidem 
pertinen'  qaarum  prima  vocatar  Errow  ver  Secunda  Acker 
Artheladd  et  Tertia  Errow  vawr  continen'  per  estimac'o'em 
vnam  acram  et  dimid'  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  septimo 
Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .  .  .     ten'te  li\js.  ii\jd.      120 

This  rent  is  paid  to  the  Beceyvor.  Bedd'  Ixxixs.  vi^d.  See  the 
plott  of  this  pack,  foL  36.  This  is  not  leased  frome  40  yeres 
to  40  yeres,  bat  as  demean. — Petras  Warbarton  de  Lincolnes 
Inne  Ar'  (Bic'ns  Dauies  de  london  mercator)  tenet  saltam  qui 
vocatar  Glyn  Park  nano  conaers'  in  terram  arrabilem  in  occa- 
pac'o'e  diaersariam  p'sonaram  (Partem  coias  patamus  esse  in 
manerio  de  Wrexham)  Et  duo  molendina  sab  vno  tecto  et  vna' 
cottagia  gardinam  et  cartilagia'     .  .  .         Ix2i.  350   o   o 

We  neither  knowe  the  ceirtentie  of  the  Bent  nor  date  of  the 
Lease. 

Bedd'  ij8.  ext'. — Bogeras  ap  Bichard  tenet  vnam  tenementam  in 
Wrexham  vechan  vnum  horream  et  daasaram  terre  eidem  tene- 
mento  adiacen'  onam  alia'  paruam  parcellam  vocaf  y  kae  dda 
Et  vnam  paraam  parcellam  terre  vocaf  yr  Errow  ym  ben  y 
vron  continen'  p'  estimac'o'em  vnam  acram  et  dimid'  per  dimis- 
sionem dat'  27'o  Maii  A'o  Eliz.  x'o  .     ten'te  liijs.  mjd,      k    2    0 

Bedd'  ixd.  ext',  18  y.  in  being. — Badalphas  ap  Ellis  faber  ferra* 
rias  tenet  tiia  cottagia  et  horream  adiacen'  in  Lampint  et  modo 
in  vno  eoram  habitat'  contin'  p'  estimac'o'em  decem  pertioas 
Per  dimissionem  dat'  2i'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45 

3  cott'  xxvjtf.  vigd. 

Bedd'  x^'d.  ext',  29  y.  in  being.— Idem  tenet  tria  alia  cottagia  et 
gardina  iacen'  in  foro  vocaf  le  Beast  markett  adiacen'  tene- 
mento  Edwardi  Paleston  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  sex  perti- 
oas per  dimissionem  daf  3*0  Julii  Anno  Jacobi  sexto 

3  COtf  XXX5. 


ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCclih 

A.   B.    P. 

Bedd'  lis,  iid.  ezt\  expired  lo  y.  since. — Idem  tenet  daaa  paroellas 
terr*  et  qaatuor  seHones  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  oontin*  per  estima- 
c'o'em  daas  acras'  ezisten'  quondam  terre  Boberti  ap  Edward  ap 
Hoell  ap  Maddock  per  dimissionem  dat'  27*0  Mail  A'o  EHz. 
decimo  .  .  .  •  .    -  .         zy«.      200 

Bedd'  zvjd.  est',  22  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  clansuram  terre 
vocat'  y  gwrich  Coedog  contin'  per  estimacVem  vnam  aoram 
conoess'  p'  dimissionem  Boberto  Bolde  dat'  zv^'o  Martii  A'o 
Eliz.  45  •  •  .  •  .        Yi^js.      100 

Bedd'  jjd,  ezt'»  30  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  doas  alias  parnas  par- 
cellas  terr'  qnam'  vna  est  in  Kae  bychan  et  altera  in  Maes  y  dre 
issa  oontin'  per  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  per  dimissionem  dat' 
3'o  Jnlii  Anno  Jacobi  sexto  .  vs.      o    2    o 

Bedd'  izd.  ezt',  23  y.  in  being. — Gkilfridus  ap  EUis  Faber  ferrarias 
tenet  dno  cottagia  infra  Cemeteria'  et  gardin'  oontinen'  per 
estimac'o'em  sez  perticas  concess'  per  dimissionem  dat'  ig'o 
Decembris  A*o  Eliz.  45      •  2  oott'  xxigs.  yi^jd. 

Eedd'  ^«.  ijd.  ext'. — Idem  tenet  novem  seperales  parc^las  terr'  ' 
iacen*  in  Maes  y  dre  issa  oontinen'  p'  estimao'o'em  qaataor  acras 
qnonda'  terr*  Joli*is  ap  John  Hughe  .  xziij«.  ii\jd.      400 

Bedd'  z\j(i.  ezt\ — Edwardus  ap  Hugh  ap  Hany  tenet  tria  cottagia 
et  vnam  parua'  officina'  in  venella  inter  vicu'  vocat'  Lower  Hope 
Streete  io  Lampint  per  dimissionem  dat'  zii^''o  Decembris  A'o 
EHz.  30  .  ..  .  3  cott'  zzzi^s.  ii^'d. 

Bedd'  Tjd.  ezt. — Idem  tenet  vnam  paruam  parcellam  terre  in  Pull 
y  wrach  oontinen' per  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  tentam  p'  dimis* 
sionem  vltimo  menc'onat'  .  .  «  .020 

Bedd'  zv».  ezt',  i  y.  in  being. — Margareta  vzor  Joh'is  Sonlley  gen' 
pro  termino  vite  sue  et  postea  Barth'us  Jones  tenent  tres  par* 
cellas  terr*  et  vnu'  pratu'  eisdem  adiaeen'  in  Wrezham  vocat' 
Parke  y  Uis  Et  etiam  vnum  magnum  horreu'  super  inde  edifi* 
catu'  et  alia  edificia  continen'  per  estimac'o'em  viginti  quatuor 
acras  conoess'  p'  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  Decembris  Anno  Eliza- 
bethe  23  ....  ,         izK.    24    o    o 

The  intire  rent  is  zv\J8.  iiyd.    John  Boodle  pales  the  rest. 

Bedd'iiigs.  ezt',  22  y.  in  being.— Bogerus  Powell  waker  tenet  vnam 
clansuram  terr*  vocat'  kae  Lloydin  vawr  dimias'  inter  alia  Thome 
Jones  dat'  decimo  septimo  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45      zzziy«.  iiijd.      300 

Bedd'  ys.  iiijd.  ext',  7  in  being. — Idem  tenet  duas  alias  clausuras' 
ten'  iacen'  in  Wrezham  vechan  vna  caru'  vocatur'  y  kae  glasse 
et  altera  y  werne  per  dimissionem  dat'  prime  Augusti  Anno 
Eliz.  28  concess'  Jane  Trafforth       .  .  ,        zvj«.      220 

40  Bedd'  xW.  vj».  viyd.  paid  to  the  Becevor  ezt*. — Bogerus  BeUott 
gen'  tenet  vnum  molendinum  aquaticum  vocat'  nouum  molen* 
dinum  modo  in  occupac'o'e  Boberti  Puleston  Armiger  per  dimis- 
sionem dat'  .  .  .  a  mill,  xli.  ult' redd. 

40  Bedd'  zli.  vja.  viyd.  paid  to  the  Becevor  ezt'.—Idem  tenet  tol- 
netum  viUe  de  Wrezham  libertatis  einsdem  pro  nundinis  et 
mercat' ibidem  ten't  .  .  toll,  zzW.  vlt.  redd' 

Bedd'  zd.  ezt',  22  y.  in  being.— Margareta  vz'  Bobert  vidua  & 
nzor  Edmund!  Giiffith  tenet  vnam  parcellam  terr'  vocat'  Bron 

2u 


CCcliv  ORIGINAL   DOCUMENTS. 


A.  B.  r. 


pull  yr  7wde  oontinetk*  per  estiikiac'o'em:  Tnam  aoram  et  vnam 
rodam  per  dimissionem  dat'  decimo  sexto  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45 

xy«.      110 

Kedd'  x\id.  ext',  one  yere  in  bein^. — Idem  tenet  vnaia  paroellam 
terr*  adiac'  en  Bron  pull  yr  vwde  vocat'  puUyr  vwde  que  quon- 
dam fuit  commun'  pertinen'  yiUe  de  Wrexham  et  loous  execu- 
tionis  maief  c'or  et  nunc  et  longo  tempore  abhino  indus*  et  ten't 
p'  Traa  patentee  dat'  xvi^'o  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  23         xigs.  ii\jd.      100 

Bedd'  xd.  ext',  expired  14  y.  since. -—Joh'es  ap  Hughe  ap  Edward 
de  Stanstie  tenet  ynam  parcellam  terr*  mariacoste  Tocat'  y  weme 
parcell'  de  gwain  y  teruin  continen*  per  estimac'o'em  duae 
acras  per  dinusBionem  dat'  xi\j'o  Julii  Anno  Eliz.  aeptimo  zvja.      200 

Bedd'  \j«.  ii^d.  ext',  expired  5  y.  since. — Bobertue  Gruffith  de 
Broughton  iure  vxoria  eius  Angharade  pro  termino  vite  sne  et 
postea  Anna  Tuddir  tenent  vnnm  tenementum  et  vstrinam  neQ-> 
non  vnam  parcellam  terr'  iacen'  per  magnum  stagnum  in  foro 
bestiali  per  dimissionem  dat'  15*0  Junii  Anno  Eliz.  deoimo 
quinto  .....        xxxs.      100 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ext',  about  8  y.  in  being. — Thomas  Trafford  Ar'  tenet 
vnam  clausuram  terr'  vocat'  Kaer  On  adiacen'  horreo  suo  per- 
quisit'  de  Hugone  ap  Harry  et  sibi  (inter  alia)  conoess'  per 
dimissionem  geren'  dat'  xii^'o  Decembris  Anno  Eliz.  3*0  B^- 
dit'  apporc'onat'  super  eadem  per  consensum  Eduardi  Hnghes 
Beceptoris  et  Will'i  Aimer  deputati  SenescalU  .         xijs.       120 

Bedd'  vd.  ext*. — Idem  tenet  totu'  illu'  gardin'  sen  paroeUam  tme 
▼na  en'  omnibus  edificiis  superinde  edificat'  in  Wrexham  in  com' 
Denbigh  contin'  p'  estimac'o'em  dimid'  acre  nuper  in  tenora 
sine  occupac'o'e  Hugh  ap  John  Dauid  ap  Howell         .         zxs.      020 

Bedd'  jd.  ext',  about  1 1  y.  to  come. — Idem  tenet  vn'  aelionem  terre 
adiacen'  terr'  Bichardi  ap  Edward  Phillig  super  quem  selionem 
Will'us  Edwards  Ar*  struxit  domum  vocat'  le  Kylne  et  quondam 

fuit  pistrinum que  premissa  putantur  esse  in  maneriode 

Wrexham  ooncess'  per  dimissionem  Will'o  Edwards  Armigero 
dat'  ^'o  Januarii  A'o  Eliz.  33*0         .  .     ten't  xiy*.  iiy d. 

Bedd'  yd.  ext'. — Idem  Thomas  Trafford  tenet  vnam  parcella'  terre 
in  Wrexham  predict'  apud  finem  vnius  clausure  terre  vocat' 
£aer  On  super  quam  Will'us  Edwards  edificabat  vnu'  horreu'  et 
alia  edificia  nuper  in  tenura  Bichardi  Smith  et  tunc  in  tenura 
dicti  Wiiri  Edwards  parceU'  manerii  de  Wrexham  xvjs.      o    o  20 

Bedd'  i\jd.  ext*. — Idem  tenet  vnum  croftum  quondam  terr*  Joh'is 

ddu  adiacen'  le  White  field  proxim'  vill'  de  Wrexham per* 

quisit'  de  Hugone  ap  Harry  et  sibi  conoess'  per  dimissionem 

inter  alia  dat'  xii^'o  Decembris  Anno  Eliz.  30  vjs.  vi^jd.      020 

Bedd'  x\jd.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  vnam  parcel- 
lam terr'  iacen'  in  Estome  perquisit'  de  Bob'to  Bould  et  sibi 
inter  alia  dimiss'  p' dat'  17*0  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45        iiy«.      o    o  10 

Bedd'  xd.  ext',  about  i  y.  in  being  — Idem  tenet  vnam  idiam  par- 
cellam terre  in  Estone  pred'  iacen'  priori  parcelle  perquisit'  de 
Joh'e  Edwards  gen'  concess'  inter  alia  Dauidi  Edwards  per 
dimissionem  dat'  z'o  die  Decembris  Anno  Eliz.  23*0  iiijs.      020 

Bedd'  v^d.  ext*,  about  21  y.  in  being.— Idem  tenet  vnam  parcel- 


OKIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.  CCclv 

A*    &•    JP, 

lam  terre  iacen'  in  Estome  infra  villam  de  Wrexham  perquisit' 

de  Galfndo  Hugbos  efc  sibi  inter  alia  dimiss'  per dat'  i6'o 

Eebraar.  Anno  Eliz.  zj'o  sed  postea  capta  fait  per  noaem  dimis- 
sionem  concess'  inter  alia  Job'i  Jeffreys  Ar'  dat'  2i'o  Martii 
Anno  Eliz.  45      •  •  •  •  •         ii^s-      020 

Bedd'  vjd.  ezV,  31  y.  in  being. — Thomas  Goldsmith  tenet  ynum 
messaagium  sea  tenementam  in  quo  habitat  in  vioo  inxta  eoole- 
siam  ibidem  per  oonoessionem  sibi  dimiss'  inter  alia  geren'  dat' 
30  Julii  Anno  Jaoobi  sesrto  .  ten'te  Ix^'s.  vi^'d. 

Bedd'  \js.  ext',  32  7.  in  being.-r-Idem  tenet  vnum  tenementum  in 
vico  prope  Rivnm  ibidem  oum  pertinen'  per  dimissionem  oon- 
oess'  Bich'o  ap  Ellis  Tuddir  inter  alia  dat'  zj'o  Angnsti  Anno 
Jacobi  septimo    ....  ten't  xxs. 

Bedd'  U.  ext',  not  i  7.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  nonem  officinas  sen 
repositoria subter  le  Shirehall  ibidem  per  dimissionem  con- 
cess' Bogero  Puleston  defuncto  dat'  xv'o  Aprilis  A'o  Eliz.  vices- 
simo  primo        •  •  .  •     '  .    shops  cs. 

Ko  copie  before  lease.  Bedd'  ^d.  ext',  about  22  7.  in  being. — 
Idem  tenet  vnam  vstrinam  in  vico  subt'  Cemeter'  et  gardin' 
eidem  adiacen'  ten'te  Bic'i  Hall  tenemento  Blc'i  Hall  per  dimis- 
sionem concess'  inter  alia  Francisco  Lloyd  dat'  xj'o  Dccembr' 
Anno  Eliz.  45      •  •  .  .a  kilne  xz5. 

Ad  Tolant'4  no  copie  before  lease.  Bedd'  vjd.  ext',  expired  about 
12  7.  since. — Idem  tenet  vna'  aliam  vstrinam  et  gardinu'  eidem 
pertinen'  subter  orientalem  finem  Cemeterii  inter  terras  Thome 
Trafford  Ar'  modo  in  tenura  Joh'is  Ll'en  ex  parte  occidentali  et 
gardin'  d'ni  Bich'i  Treuor  mllitis  quondam  in  tenura  Thome 
Locker  ex  parte  orientali  et  in  longitudine  a  gardin'  Hugonis 
Meredith  Ar*  ex  parte  boreaU  usque  ad  terr'  in  tenura  dicti  d'ni 
Bich'i  Treuor  ex  parte  australi  per  dimissionem  concess'  Joh'i 
Boberts  (inter  alia)  dat'  27*0  Mali  Anno  Eliz.  10 

kilne  xxvj«.  viijd. 

Bedd'  vjs.  xjd.  ext'«  about  22  7.  in  being.— Georgius  Goldsmith  et 
Maria  vxor  eius  tenent  iure  dicte  Marie  medietatem  messuagii 
in  vico  vocat'  le  Highe  streete  in  quo  Catherina  Jones  vidua 
modo  habitat  Et  omnes  dausuras  terr'  vocat'  7  weirglodd  hire 
modo  diuiss'  in  tres  seperales  parcellas  contin'  per  eatimationem 
quatuor  acras  per  dimissionem  dat'  quinto  Julii  Anno  Eliz.  44' to 
et  solunt  pro  medietate  dicti  messuagii  xlgd.  et  pro  dicta  clau- 
sure  terre  v«.  xd.  in  toto  half  of  a  mess'  vjZi.  xiijs.  iigd.      400 

Bedd'  iJ8,  ext',  about  21  7.  in  being. — Idem  tene't  vnam  clausur' 
terr'  in  Wrexham  vechan  vocat'  kaer  Cocksuite  al's  kae  Newydd 
per  dimissionem  dat'  xvg'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45  .       xiiy^.      200 

Bedd'  xijd.  ext',  31  y.  in  being. — Idem  tene't  vnum  messuag*  nunc 
in  duo  tenementa  diuiss'  et  gardin'  adiacen'  Place  yr  Escob 

dimiss' Johanni  Edwards  et  Dauidi  Speen  inter  alia  par 

dat'  30  Julii  A'o  Jacobi  sexto    i  mess',  now  2  ten'ts,  xLvjs.  vi^d. 

Bedd'  vi\jd.  ext',  21  y.  in  being.— Idem  tenet  vnam  parcella'  terr' 
vocat'  yr  Errow  hire  adiacen'  Weirgloth  hire  concess'  Hugoni 
Bers  inter  al'  per  diiuissionem  dat'  xvy'o  Marbii  A'o  Eliz.  45  iigs.      020 

.Bedd'  i^d.  ob.  ext',  21  y.  in  being.— Idem  tenet  vnam  parvam  par- 


CCclvi  ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS. 


A.  R.  P. 


cella'  terr'  iacen'  in  oampo  vocat'  y  lae  Newydd  ezieten'  qna- 
tuor  selion'  in  Wrexham  vechan  per  dimissionem  concess*  Rob'to 
Boald  inter  alia  dat*  decimo  eeptimo  Martii  Anno  Eliz.  45  oon- 
tinen'  per  estimao'o'em  yna'  roda'   •  •  •    \j«.  ^d.      010 

Bedd*  va.  ezt%  aboat  J  y.  in  being. — ^Michael  Jones  et  Catherina 
(mortua)  Jones  vidua  mater  eins  tenent  totas  illas  parcellas  terr* 
modo  dioisas  in  daas  partes  Yocat'  Acton  Moore  al's  gwain  y 
Treoin  oontin'  per  estimac'o'em  12  acras  per  dimissionem  oon- 
cess'  Joh'i  ap  Edwards  inter  alia  Dat'  decimo  die  Becembris 
Anno  Eliz,  23*0  •  .  •  .  •        injli,     12    o    o 

Bedd'  xvjd.  ezt*,  about  21  y.  in  being. — Idem  tenet  illam  partem 
messuagii  in  qua  predicta  Catherina  habitat'  existen'  sign'  rabri 
leonis  que  est  ab  ingressu.istius  domus  occidental*  et  omnes 
structuras  eidem  pertinen'  per  dimissionem  eorundem  fact'  inter 
alia  Hugoni  Meredith   Dat'  21 'o  Martii  A'o  Eliz.  45    tent'  Izli. 

Bedd'  y«.  iiid.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Dicta  Catherina  tenet 
duo  cottagia  vstrinam  et  gardin'  in  vico  iuxta  Bivum  per  dimis- 
sionem eorundem  factam  Dauidi  Jones  geren'  dat'  21  Martii 
A'o  EUz.  45  .  •  «         2  cottages  xxyja.  viijd. 

Bedd'  vjd.  ext',  expired  10  y.  since. — Eadem  tenet  totu'  ilium  gar- 
din'  et  parcellam  terr*  vocat'  place  y  Idll  et  vstrinam  cum  aliis 
edificiis  superinde  remanen'  inter  vicos  vocat'  y  place  hen  et  y 
lampint  in  Wrexham  pred'  per  concessionem  eorundem  fact' 
inter  alia  Bob'to  Puleston  dat'  27*0  Mali  A'o  Eliz.  decimo 

ten'te  gard'  xx«. 

Bedd'  1^8.  exi\  about  21  y.  in  being. — Dicta  Catherina  tenet  totum 
illud  tenementum  et  curtUag'  ex  parte  australi  vici  ducen'  ver- 
sus ad  Oswestrie  in  quo  Bichardus  Maddoc  quondam  habitabat 
et  nunc  in  tenura  Will'!  Kenrick     .  .  ten'te  xxx«. 

Bedd'  iivja.  ext',  about  21  y.  in  being. — Dicta  Catherina  tenet  vnnm 

aliud  messuagiu'  et  ceUarinm  necnou  alia  edificia  eidem  perti- 

nen'  modo  vsitat'  et  occupat'  cu'  vltimo  tenemento  menc'onato 

vt  parceU'  eiusdem  •  .  .  mess'  xxxa. 

This  rent  &  xiijd.  in  fol.  44  make  not  vp  the  some  the  Bailiff 

receiveth  by  vyd. 
These  two  last  recited  tenements  she  holdeth  by  a  demise 
thereof  graunted  amongst  other  things  vnto  Bartholomewe 
Edwards,  bearing  date  the  xv^th  of  February  A'o  Eliz.  45. 

Bedd'  i^s.  xd.  ext'.  Leases,  p.  40. — Margareta  WiUiams  vidua  tenet 
vnum  messuagium  seu  tenementum  vstrinam  et  g^ardinu'  eidem 
spectan'  modo  in  propria  sua  occopac'o'e  Et  vnu'  alium  toftum 
seu  vacuam  pecia'  terre  cum  gardino  et  paroell'  terr'  eidem  per- 
tinen'  adiacen'  priori  messuagio  ex  parte  orientali  eiusdem  oon* 
tin'  per  estimac'o'em  vnam  roda'  terre  Qua  messuagiu'  toftu* 
gardini  et  cetera  premlssa  simul  adiacent'  in  Wrexham  in  longi- 
tudine  a  via  com'uni  ibidem  dncen' versus  foru'bestiale  ex  parte 
australi  vsq'  ad  Lampint  ex  fine  boreali  et  in  latitudine  inter 
terras  quondam  .  •  messuage  Ixvjs.  viijd. 

About  21  y.  in  being. — Johannis  Owen  et  modo  Hugonis  Meredith 
Ar'  ex  p'te  occidentali  exceptis  tribus  virg'  in  latitudine  a 
media  parte  gardini  Dauidis  ap  John  Goz  existen'  terr*  Hugonis